While I'm dreaming of my next trip to Paris, a little piece of Paris has come to San Francisco: Pâtisserie Philippe.
This beautiful jewel box of a bakery takes me right back to the City of Light, with its gorgeous vintage lamp fixtures, opulent mirrors, and marble counter covered with every classic of the pâtissier's repertoire. Croissants and brioches spill out of baskets, fruit tarts and cakes gleam enticingly from trays, a ethereal bouquet of rose petal meringues each as big as my hand beckons from its airy perch above the display cases, and little bags of sablés and sugar cookies beg to be taken home and nibbled happily.
The patisserie is a dream realized for chef and co-proprietor Philippe Delarue, who began his career back in France in some of the noblest houses of pastry like Lenôtre, and who at one time had as his commis none other than a certain Pierre Hermé. Delarue gained many adoring clients in San Francisco who loved his traditional French pastries and elaborate wedding croquembouche.
Now he finally has a place where everyone can visit and have some of his dreamy éclairs, macarons, and breakfast pastries. It's hard, when faced with six different kinds of croissant and brioche and about twice that many types of mousse cakes and tartlets, to not want to just camp out in the shop until one is able to try everything.
Delarue also offers an extensive savory menu, so you are able to munch on everything from a tomato and mozzarella salad to a fabulous flaky quiche Lorraine to some earthy pâte de Campagne. Tucking into a classic ham and cheese panino made with a chewy baguette, I could imagine myself in any of those inimitable cafes strung along the Parisian boulevards.
Pictured are a couple of the treats we made off with one weekend afternoon, a mere tickle of the pleasures Philippe's has to offer: top of page, a pear frangipane strip, with sweet slices of pear on a gloriously fragrant frangipane nestled in a perfect-crisp crust. Note the thin layer of raspberry jam on the bottom of the frangipane.
A palm-size Paris-Brest, with delicately airy rings of choux sandwiching a sweet, intense hazelnut filling.
Sablés Bretons – those wonderful, toothsome butter cookies – crumble perfectly under the bite and are utterly addictive.
So while I'm waiting for my next visit to Paris aka Pastry Heaven, I'll be soothing my longings at Philippe's very charming and very delicious pâtisserie. If you're anywhere near San Francisco, you shouldn't miss it!
Dang. You are one lucky girl. I like your idea of just camping out until you've tried it all!
Thanks for the tip, Anita. Looks delicious. I'll have to check it out, especially the Paris-Brest, one of my favorites.
Mmmmmm, all of that looks like buttery goodness.
Wow, how gorgeous are these! I love the presentation style of all three of these desserts – the selective powdered sugar decorating, beautiful piping, and cut designs on the biscuits.
You sampled some of my favorites. Pears and frangipan are a classic and bearutiful combo, Paris-Brest is light and satisfying and palets bretons are perfect dunkables for afternoon tea! You are one lucky gal to have such quality near by!
Gosh, another place to add to "my list"! You are so lucky to be nearby!
I love patisserie's. I don't blame you for wanting to camp out at that place. I feel the same love for the one we have near us.
Nothing like quality pastries, plus the photos are beautiful. Another place to visit when in S.F.
Believe me if I could camp out there I would!
Hope you get the chance to check it out – Philippe is a great guy!
I'm really glad this delicious place opened up!
Yes, this place isn't afraid to use butter in all the delicious ways!
Hi! Yes, this guy is a real master – it totally shows in his work!
Do you miss all the patisseries in France? I feel very lucky that this place opened up in SF!
A great little bakery is like heaven, isn't it? I'm really glad this one opened up!
Thank you! This is definitely a must-visit if you come to SF!


The daily notes from his lady love were what he lived for.
The sweet words never failed to put a smile on his face.
But one night, after coming home from work, he sees his greatest fears written in her cursive writing.
Desperate times result in a desperate call.
This relationship may have come to an end, but he will do anything to buy more time with her.
Just one more! Next, watch The Story Of 90 Coins: She found his love letters only after breaking up with him. All 90 of them.
This Lady Thief Was Out Of Line. But It Got Worse When He Looked Down!
Egg-Addicted Pig Falls For A Hot Lady Chicken. Life Gets Complicated.


Inexpensive learning in otherwise pricey Marin, this nice little junior college offers a wide variety of courses for everyone. The classes are inexpensive.
Thorough landscaping that is well-thought-out; not slapdash or rushed. They have a complete knowledge of gardening which is useful when planning a detailed garden or a change in landscaping styles.
Valentine & Sons has been in business for many, many years, and has a wonderful reputation in our area. They are trustworthy and honest. I've even had tips from them on how to save money...not too often one will hear that from a plumber these days!
Unless things have changed radically in the past six months, I cannot recommend this dental practice. I was once given an appointment two months in advance AFTER telling them that my mother was in pain!
This school has a long history--my uncle was a young student there in the 1930's--and it has a wide curriculum of art courses from the mainstream to the new age.
I went to Fremont Bank on the strength of a relative's recommendation. While they are a large company and offer competitive rates, the loan process was a bit slow. I'm not sure if this is the industry standard, however.
I had occasion to use S. Waters Plumbing recently, and was highly impressed with their efficiency and thorough work. I would not hesitate to use them again for more complex plumbing work in Marin County.
This is an exceptionally high-ranking Catholic co-ed high school. They have high academic standards and require much of their students and faculty. It is renowned for its outstanding Catholic secondary education which prepares its students for the rigors of top colleges and professions.
I went here in the 1970's, and while the staff was good, I was dismayed even back then by the schedule cutbacks. I've heard it has gotten even worse. The buildings are overcrowded and outdated as well.
I bought my car there on the recommendation of AAA, and was impressed at the professionalism displayed. I cringed, expecting a heavy sales pitch, but it was low-key and friendly.


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Tamzin Maria Outhwaite (Ilford, Londen, 5 november 1970) is een Brits actrice.

Tamzin Outhwaite werd bekend bij het publiek als Melanie Healy in de Britse soap EastEnders. Ze speelde die rol van oktober 1998 tot maart 2002. In de vier jaar dat ze er speelde was ze een van de centrale personages.

Na haar vertrek speelde ze nog in verschillende series mee. Van 2006 tot 2007 speelde ze in Hotel Babylon de rol van Rebecca Mitchell.
In The Fixer speelde ze de rol van Rose Chamberlain. Van 2012 tot 2015 speelde ze drie seizoenen in de detectiveserie New Tricks als Detective Chief Inspector Sasha Miller.

Ze was getrouwd met acteur Tom Ellis.

Externe link
 BBC Drama Faces - Tamzin Outhwaite

Brits acteur

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Gerflor is the official and exclusive AVC floor partner for all indoor AVC events from 2019 until 2022.
The partnership contract was signed during a ceremony between AVC and Gerflor that took place in Bangkok, Thailand, February 19, 2019.
AVC Technical Committee members and a large number of media representatives including TV crew gathered inside the meeting room at Dusit Princess Srinakharin Hotel on Tuesday for the ceremony marking the official signing of the contract between the AVC and Gerflor.
Among AVC events, we can name : Men and Women Asian Club competitions, Men and Women Asian Cup competitions, Men and Women Asian Challenge Cup, U17,U18,U19, U20 and U23 Asian competitions, Asian Men and Women championships.
So no doubt our sports flooring surfaces will be featured and will contribute to the promotion of volleyball sport in Asia.
More information about our Taraflex indoor sports surfaces.


text:
INSPIRE CHANGE
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Giants News | New York Giants – Giants.com
Thursday, Jan 09, 2020 05:35 PM
6 things we learned at Coach Joe Judge's press conference
John Schmeelk
Giants.com
Joe Judge said many things during his introductory press conference on Thursday that should have struck a chord with Giants fans.
These were my main takeaways from his press conference.
1. Teaching
Joe Judge has a teaching background. It is clear he has a firm understanding of how he wants to teach players on how to play football the right way. He spoke in depth about how different people learn different ways (through lectures, visually, or by actively doing it) and that his position coaches, who are responsible for much of the teaching in the classroom and on the field, will have to customize their teaching method to reach every single player in their position group. This type of thinking comes directly from his background in education and should help reach all the players on the roster.
Joe Judge sits down for first interview as Giants head coach
Dave Gettleman on interviewing Joe Judge for head coach
Joe Judge's track record of success
2. Not Just Knowing, But Understanding
It's one thing for players to know what they are supposed to do, but Judge talked about how he learned from Nick Saban that it is far more important for them to understand why and how it is supposed to look when properly executed. He believes it is much easier for players to make adjustments over the course of the game and in the heat of the moment if they understand the concepts behind what they are doing and why they are doing it against a specific opponent or scheme.
3. Alignment in Vision
Judge stressed that no matter how much the game has changed, winning is still dependent on the execution of basic fundamentals, like blocking and tackling. It reminded me of Dave Gettleman's three basic tenants of winning football: run the ball, stop the run, and rush the passer. During a radio interview with Joe Benigno and Evan Roberts on WFAN, he stressed physical teams need to run the ball, stop the run and cover kicks. Their approach to the game seems very similar on the surface, which should make their collaboration to fill the roster with smart and tough football players run smoothly. He told Roberts and Benigno that Gettleman will have the final word on the 53-man roster, but they would work together in putting it together.
4. Practicing What You Play
With an emphasis on the fundamentals, such as tackling, Judge said he planned to do live tackling in practice. He stressed that safely practicing the techniques for proper tackling will not only make the players better at it on gameday, but also make the game safer for them. He spoke about how he wants the team to reflect the blue collar attitude of the area, which should tell fans that he has every intention of making sure his team wins the battle up front on both sides of the ball.
5. Be Flexible with Personnel
Judge was clear that he believes that football is a player's game. He talked about needing to understand what each player on the roster is capable of and specifically mentioned athletic traits like power, arm length, short area quickness, and straight away speed. Once he understands what each player is physically capable of doing, then he can best utilize them on the football field. Bill Belichick taught him that it is far more important to know what a player can do rather than what he can't, so coaches can utilize the player in a specific role that accentuates his strengths. He also stressed that not being a play-caller on either side of the ball will allow him to work with the entire team and connect with players on an individual basis to see what makes them tick.
6. Shifting Schemes
Joe Judge was careful not to specify what kind of scheme he wanted to play on either side of the ball until he had a chance to take a deeper look at the personnel on the roster. He will not only fit his schemes to his players, but also to his opponents each week. One week his team might play a 4-3, and the next a 3-4 if it gives them an advantage against a specific opponent. He stressed it is important to put pressure on opponents to prepare for multiple things, and adjust game plans on a weekly basis. This kind of approach requires smart and versatile players to make those kinds of adjustments week to week. This is not going to be a "system" team on either side of the ball. This is the same way many analysts have described Bill Belichick's approach in New England.
Photos: Head Coach Joe Judge's first 24 hours
View photos of new head coach Joe Judge as he arrives with his family and tours the Giants facility
Giants App
Download the Giants' official app for iPhone, iPad and Android devices
Joe Judge learned importance of teaching fundamentals from Belichick, Saban
All Joe Judge needs to know he learned in kindergarten. What Bill Belichick and Nick Saban taught him was just a bonus.
Joe Judge lays out vision for coaching staff
Building the right staff is critical for a head coach, especially one in his first year.
What's next for Giants head coach Joe Judge?
After a whirlwind week, the work begins for Judge and the Giants.
Inside the decision to hire Joe Judge
The Giants front office discusses the decision to hire Joe Judge as head coach
Joe Judge promises "old-school, physical mentality" at introductory presser
New head coach Joe Judge introduced himself to Giants fans at a press conference Thursday afternoon
Top quotes, moments from Joe Judge's introductory press conference
Quotes you won't want to miss from Judge's first presser
Quotes: Joe Judge's introductory press conference
View transcripts from Joe Judge's first day as Giants Head Coach
5 things to know about Giants head coach Joe Judge
Get to know the new head coach of the New York Giants
Judge's special teams units consistently ranked in the top of the league during his time in New England.
Quotes (1/9): John Mara, Steve Tisch, Dave Gettleman
Transcriptions from Thursday's media availability
Giants hire Joe Judge as head coach
Judge, 38, was a member of the New England Patriots' coaching staff the previous eight seasons.
Big Blue Kickoff Live
Practice Photos
Giants In Focus
Key Offseason Dates
Giants in the Community
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© 2018 New York Giants. All Rights Reserved. Do not duplicate in any form without permission.

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Fully reconditioned / reground crankshaft for PETTER PH2 engine supplied with set of main bearings - all ready to fit. These are professionally reground to a very high standard indeed. All gasket sets available for PH engines plus many other parts, seals, cams, gears, etc. Many good used parts too. Please ask.
1 x 0.010" mains with 0.010" big ends.


Aperol's Italian sophistication meets our good-time photo generator.
Over the next couple of months Aperol are taking a pop-up bar full of their Italian orange liqueur to the good people of the UK. Just next to the very, very, orange bar you'll find an animated touchscreen photowall that we've built. Take a picture, share it on Twitter or Instagram with the hashtag #ItStartsNow and, thanks to our API integration and local wifi network, it'll instantly appear on this wall. Select it on the touchscreen and it will give you a postcard of your picture there and then. Good times recorded for you, and positive social sentiment created for Aperol.


William Morris wallpapers are still being produced by Morris & Co, the company formed by William Morris, a distinguished and authorative artist, from the Arts & Crafts' Movement of the 19th Century. Classic designs that were considered luxury wallpapers in their day can still be found today, such as his Honeysuckle, Acanthus and Chrysanthemum. His legacy and original William Morris designs continue to this day, as his designs are continually evolving and getting re-produced, and re-interpreted, onto wallpapers, fabric and in recent times Morris & Co rugs. Delve into past collections like the Archive series and Compendium range for the originals and timeless reinterpretations. However, at the same time explore the latest collections such as The Craftsman Wallpapers which incorporates authentic versions, alongside fresh interpretations of William Morris' original designs. Plus, The Pure Morris North Wallpaper collection which are inspired by the diary entries from William Morris's Icelandic expedition in 1871 and is where well-loved archive designs have been carefully reworked to reflect the colours of Morris's Icelandic Journal, but with gentle mica finishes and metallic highlights to give the range a truly modern and contemporary feel. All of William Morris wallpaper, fabric and rugs are available to purchase from TM Interiors Limited.


Each year, ColoradoBiz honors the Top Companies across the state in 11 industry categories. Here are the 2016 finalists in the Financial Services category.
Founded in 1939, Bellco now has 270,000 loyal members and more than $3.1 billion in assets. The care shown to customers, employees and vendors has earned BellCo five-star rating from one of the nation's leading financial rating services.
CoBank provides loans, leases, export financing and many other financial services that cater to the agribusinesses and rural power, water and communications providers. CoBank taps into all 50 states but is headquartered outside Denver.
Maintaining a loyal customer base and strong business model, FirstBank has been thriving since its founding iin 1963. FirstBank has grown in size due to its commercial lending, category leading products and community investing. With more than 120 locations in Colorado, Arizona and California, FirstBank is a company that continues to grow.
Liesel Schiffhauer is marketing manager for ColoradoBiz. Contact her at liesels@cobizmag.com or 303-662-5206.


Telugu Hero Naga Chaitanya 's upcoming movie Rarandoi Veduka Chudham first look was released. This movie first look was released by his father Akkineni Nagarjuna on Festival Ugadi. It is Naga Chaitanya's Thirteenth film.
Rarandoi Veduka Chudham is under the direction of Soggade Chinni Nayana fame Kalyan Krishna. Produced by Nagarjuna under his Banner, Annapurna Studios, Nagarjuna posted on his official page "Here we go the first look of #NC13!! The 1st one is my choice and the 2nd kalyankrishnas #rarandoiVedukachudham". Naga Chaitanya also wrote in facebook page i.e, "Here we go the first look of #NC13!! The 1st one is dad's choice and the 2nd #Kalyankrishna #RarandoiVedukachudham".
Rakul Preet Singh and Jagapathi Babu play Main Roles in this film. In the Movie posters, one poster seems like happy mood, another one Seems like angry or action mood. Young and Energetic Music Director Devi Sri Prasad has composed the music for Rarandoi Veduka Chudham.


We're off to discover somewhere special and the people who live there. Whether inhabitants, historians, architects, museum curators, and business people, famous or unknown, we share their passion for their region!
The treasures of Normandy's heritage sites Off to Caen, in the footsteps of William the Conqueror, with an unusual and resolutely modern visit to the historical town centre before discovering Jumièges Abbey in Brotonne forest. We visit one of the finest fortified sites in the ancient fortified town of Vire before ending the day in Cherbourg... Presented by: Vincent Chatelain.
Chausey: the jewel of the Channel The Chausey islands, a magical archipelago just a few kilometres from the port of Granville. A fairy-tale setting with turquoise waters, where it's said that there are as many islands as there are days in the year, 365 at low tide! Presented by: Vincent Chatelain.
Normandy's talented female entrepreneurs Normandy ranks among the French regions with the most female entrepreneurs. We meet three women who keep Norman skills alive and export them worldwide. Presented by: Vincent Chatelain.


Sunil Gadhia is a partner based in the London office. Mr. Gadhia's practice focuses on English and international commercial litigation and arbitration. He has extensive experience of many forms of international dispute resolution including High Court litigation, European Court litigation, arbitration, mediation and other forms of alternative dispute resolution, acting for both claimants and defendants. Mr. Gadhia has advised on major disputes in a wide range of areas including banking, fraud, contract disputes, joint venture disputes, judicial review in the English and European courts, IP, insolvency and professional negligence, across numerous different industries ranging from financial services to engineering and technology. He also has experience in financial services regulation.


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Q: CTLineGetStringIndexForPosition giving me wrong index in core text I have a question about CTLineGetStringIndexForPosition in core text.
I have a text like this one:
Question: Hello, how are you today?
Answer: I am fine thank you
Question: great day isn't it?
...

On the above text i have set attributes for each one 'Question:' word to make it tappable . I am putting all this text on an UITableview cell. I have many similar cells with questions and answers.
When i touch The 'Question:' word on one of the cells the index i get is correct. I scroll down in the UITableview and then i have another text like the one before. When i tap on 'Question:' the index is not right.
This is how i implement the index.
index = CTLineGetStringIndexForPosition(line,CGPointMake(lineOrigins[i].x + pnt.x, pnt.y));

Any help appreciated!

A: You haven't explained where pnt comes from, but it is likely incorrect. CTLineGetStringIndexForPosition takes a position relative to each line's origin in the text space (which is generally upside down of what you probably expect). See Using CoreText and touches to create a clickable action for an example of how to approach this.

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Published : 02 Jan 2022, 16:49
A major fire broke out in the South African parliament building in Cape Town on Sunday, said AFP reporters at the scene.
Firefighters were present at the building as large flames and a huge column of smoke were seen at around 0530 GMT.
"The roof has caught fire and the National Assembly building is also on fire," a spokesman for the city's emergency services told AFP, requesting reinforcements at the scene.
"The fire is not under control and cracks in the walls of the building have been reported," he added.
Images seen on social media -- and not verified by AFP -- showed a mass of flames licking through what appeared to be the roof of one of the parliament buildings.
There was no indication of what may have started the fire.
The Houses of Parliament in Cape Town consist of three sections, including the original and oldest building that was completed in 1884.
The newer additions -- constructed in the 1920s and 1980s -- house the National Assembly.
In April last year, a fire ravaged part of The University of Cape Town's library housing a unique collection of African archives.
Tigers face off South Africa to snap losing streak
Johannesburg mayor killed in car accident
Momen proposes 'contract farming' in South Africa
Pakistan drop Hafeez and Fakhar for South Africa T20s
World | More News
US removes Ethiopia, Mali and Guinea from trade pact
US airport chaos as more than 2,700 flights cancelled
US halves asymptomatic Covid isolation period as cases surge worldwide
England vaccinates on Christmas Day as Omicron cases soar


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Follow Jude Law
Jude Law Quick Links News Pictures Video Film Music Footage Comments Quotes RSS
Jude Law Quick Links
News Pictures Video Film Music Footage Comments Quotes RSS
Jude Law (born 27.12.1972)
Jude Law is an award winning English actor who began his career on the stage, before progressing to television and film to become one of the most bankable movie stars in Hollywood, with roles in The Talented Mr Ripley, Alfie, and My Blueberry Nights.
Jude Law: Childhood
Jude Law was born David Jude Law in Lewisham in South East London, the second child of Peter and Maggie. Jude was named him after the song Hey Jude by The Beatles and the central character in Thomas Hardy's novel, Jude the Obscure. Jude's parents were both teachers and now run a theatre company in France. Jude's sister, Natasha, is a London based artist.
Jude Law was raised in Blackheath and attended the local primary school where, aged six, he discovered his love of acting whilst performing in a school play. Following a spell at the local comprehensive school in nearby Kidbrooke, Jude went to Alleyn's School, an independent school in Dulwich.
By the time Jude was twelve he'd joined the prestigious National Youth Music Theatre which would propel him into the world of theatre and television. Jude's television debut was in a musical production of Beatrix Potter's The Tailor of Gloucester and at seventeen he left school to appear in the Granada soap opera, Families.
Jude Law: Acting Career
Law's first main stage roles were in The Fastest Clock In The Universe, and the West End production of Indiscretions, which he later performed on Broadway alongside Kathleen Turner. Law received the Ian Charleson Award for Outstanding Newcomer. Jude regularly returned to the stage throughout his film career.
Law secured his first major full length film role in Shopping (1994), co-starring Sadie Frost. Jude Law's profile rose further with the release of Wilde (1997), starring Stephen Fry as Oscar Wilde. Law played Wilde's lover, Lord Alfred Douglas and won the Most Promising Newcomer Award from the Evening Standard British Film Awards.
Jude Law subsequently moved to Hollywood where he landed a role in Gattaca (1997) starring Uma Thurman and Ethan Hawke, before being cast alongside Kevin Spacey in Clint Eastwood's Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil. Law's next breakthrough role was in The Talented Mr Ripley (1999) with Matt Damon and Gwyneth Paltrow, for which Law was nominated an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor. Jude Law continued to gain roles in Hollywood blockbusters, appearing in Enemy at the Gates (2001), Artificial Intelligence: A.I. (2001), and Road to Perdition (2002), culminating in another Academy Award nomination for Cold Mountain in 2004.
Although the remake of Alfie (2004) was a box office flop, Jude Law's performance in the lead role - played by Michael Caine in the original film - made him a household name. Law followed this with a cameo appearance in The Aviator (2004) and as a narrator in Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events (2004). In 2006 Law starred alongside Cameron Diaz, Kate Winslet and Jack Black in The Holiday, and in 2007 appeared in My Blueberry Nights with musician Norah Jones. That year, Jude also turned his hand to producing, with the film Sleuth in which he stars opposite Michael Caine.
Jude Law: Personal life
Jude Law and the actor Sadie Frost met on the set of Shopping in 1993, and married in 1997. They have four children: Finlay Munro (stepson of Law), son Rafferty, daughter Iris, and son Rudy. Law and Frost divorced in 2003, citing work pressures. Law later had a two-year relationship with actor Sienna Miller, which ended in 2006.
In 2004, The People magazine named Jude Law the Sexiest Man Alive. Law became the face of the new male perfume from Dior in 2008.
Law also runs the production company Natural Nylon with Jonny Lee Miller, Ewan McGregor and Sadie Frost.
Jude is involved in a wide variety of charity work and in 2007 contributed to The Day After Peace, a film set in Afghanistan, in recognition of International Peace Day.
Biography by Contactmusic.com
Dissecting Fantastic Beasts: What The New Trailer Tells Us About 'The Crimes Of Grindelwald'
By Holly Mosley in Movies / TV / Theatre on 23 July 2018
Eddie Redmayne Jk Rowling Jude Law Johnny Depp Harry Potter
The teaser for 'Fantastic Beasts 2' is informative as it is thrilling.
It looks like Harry Potter fans will get to return to Hogwarts this Fall for 'Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald'. The first official trailer is being feverishly picked apart for every little detail. There are new creatures, familiar names and a story that has long needed to be told. We literally cannot wait.
Newt Scamander (Eddie Redmayne)
The teaser was unveiled at San Diego Comic-Con on Saturday (July 21st 2018) and it gives us a lot to chew over. David Yates is back in the director's chair and it's clearly another imaginative screenplay from universe creator J. K. Rowling.
Continue reading: Dissecting Fantastic Beasts: What The New Trailer Tells Us About 'The Crimes Of Grindelwald'
David Yates: 'Fantastic Beasts' Sequel Won't Explicitly Address Dumbledore's Sexuality
By Holly Williams in Movies / TV / Theatre on 01 February 2018
David Yates Jk Rowling Jude Law
Don't expect a twisted romantic thriller between Dumbledore and the villain.
With the 'Fantastic Beasts' sequel coming to theatres in less than a year, fans are excited that they'll finally get a glimpse into Dumbledore's past - more specifically, his rocky relationship with Grindelwald. However, if you're wanting a romantic LGBT edge to the new film, you'll be sorely disappointed.
David Yates at the BAFTA Awards
Director David Yates has explained that 'The Crimes of Grindelwald' will not be direct addressing the issue of Dumbledore being homosexual and formerly in love with the titular villain, but that isn't to say there won't be some mention of it eventually in the coming films.
Continue reading: David Yates: 'Fantastic Beasts' Sequel Won't Explicitly Address Dumbledore's Sexuality
Jude Law Learned Dumbledore's "Whole Backstory" Before Tackling 'Fantastic Beasts'
By Daniel Falconer in Movies / TV / Theatre on 09 January 2018
The actor will play a young version of the character in 'Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald'.
The Wizarding World of Harry Potter is without a doubt one of the most intricate and complexly layered stories of the modern day. Brought to readers by J.K. Rowling all the way back in 1997 with the release of her first Harry Potter novel 'Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone', she told the character's journey across seven books, concluding the tale a decade later with 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows', and allowing the books to be adapted into a series of hugely successful movies.
Jude Law has been working hard to perfect his role in 'The Crimes of Grindelwald'
Refusing to let the magic die, Rowling signed on to bring another slice of the 'Potter' universe to fans in the world of cinema, allowing her 'Fantastic Beasts' to come to the forefront, with Eddie Redmayne leading the way as Newt Scamander. The first film of the new series - 'Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them' - was a huge success, and the sequel is set for release at the end of this year.
Continue reading: Jude Law Learned Dumbledore's "Whole Backstory" Before Tackling 'Fantastic Beasts'
Meet The Characters From 'Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes Of Grindelwald'
By Holly Williams in Movies / TV / Theatre on 17 November 2017
Jude Law Eddie Redmayne Jk Rowling
Jude Law and others appear in the teaser for the upcoming sequel.
The title for the forthcoming 'Fantastic Beasts' film has finally been unveiled, along with a release date and your first look at some of the new cast on the movie - notably Jude Law as a young Albus Dumbledore. Fans are seriously excited by the new teaser.
Jude Law at the ATP World Finals
Warner Bros. has unveiled a brief teaser for 'Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald' featuring the main cast of the series. The movie won't arrive until next year, but eager viewers are already trying to piece together pieces of the plot.
Continue reading: Meet The Characters From 'Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes Of Grindelwald'
King Arthur: Legend Of The Sword Review
It's unlikely that Guy Ritchie could make a boring movie if he wanted to. This raucous historical romp spins the iconic legend into something that's relentlessly entertaining, even if it never quite satisfies because it's in such a hurry to set up a sequel. Thankfully, there are some deeper themes along the way that give the actors something to chew on besides the scenery.
In post-Roman Britain, King Uther (Eric Bana) has been killed by his brother Vortigern (Jude Law), who made a deal that involved some very black magic. But Vortigern is haunted by the fact that Uther's infant son Arthur somehow escaped and will someday return to pull the sword Excalibur from the stone and claim his rightful throne. Meanwhile in Londinium, Arthur (Charlie Hunnam) has no idea who he really is. Raised in a brothel and trained as a muscled fighter, he has a nice little racket going on. So discovering his identity is a shock. He's immediately spirited away by a mage (Astrid Berges-Frisbey) and some rebels (Djimon Hounsou and Aiden Gillen) who help him plot how to take back his crown.
The entire film is essentially a chase as Vortigern and his chief goon (Peter Ferdinando) pursue Arthur and his growing band of rebels. That all of this is leading to an epic confrontation is no surprise. But Ritchie oddly frames each action sequence as a splintered montage, which means we're only ever watching a series of key images with no momentum or context. Some of these work cleverly, but they begin to wear us out: we know what's happening but we're not able to experience it ourselves. Thankfully the dialogue has a witty present-day snap that brings the characters and the camaraderie between them to vivid life.
Continue reading: King Arthur: Legend Of The Sword Review
King Arthur - Trailer and Clips
Arthur grew up as a peasant on the streets of Londonium having escaped the terror that was unleashed upon his father Uther Pendragon's kingdom when he was just a boy. But despite growing up away from his royal roots, there was always something special about him; a determination and a willingness to stand up and fight no matter how big the enemy or how slim the chances of survival. This does not go unnoticed by the current King Vortigern, who took over the throne all those years ago. Arthur is captured and imprisoned by Vortigern's men and it's then he learns of his true destiny. And that destiny is sealed when he manages to pull the sword of Excalibur from the legendary stone with the world watching. Vortigern will stop at nothing to keep his ill-gotten crown, but still he underestimates the power that the sword wields. Using his newfound power, he joins with the kingdom's resistance to regain what's rightfully his and avenge his father along the way.
Continue: King Arthur - Trailer and Clips
King Arthur: Legend of the Sword - Cast and Director Interviews
For his latest movie, Guy Ritchie, reinterprets the classic story of King Arthur and his legendary rise after retrieving the fames sword from the stone.
Unlike many modern day movies, Richie decided to take an old school approach to developing and shooting scenes for the movie. Very little CGI and green screen was used, the director created huge sets which really captures the feel of the city which is quickly becoming more and more overrun by chaos.
Charlie Hunnam, Jude Law and Djimon Hounsou speak about their new roles in the movie and what it was like to create such an epic tale. John Boorman's 1981 movie Excalibur seemed to not only play a big role in influencing the director but also the actors he cast in the lead roles - that comprehensive version of the tale might've influenced the director but it is isn't the same as Ritchie's take on the story.
Continue reading: King Arthur: Legend of the Sword - Cast and Director Interviews
Jude Law To Play Young Dumbledore In 'Fantastic Beasts' Sequels
By Ed Biggs in Movies / TV / Theatre on 13 April 2017
Jude Law Harry Potter Jk Rowling
Law will star alongside Eddie Redmayne and Johnny Depp in the 'Fantastic Beasts' sequel, due for release in November 2018.
Oscar-nominated actor Jude Law is to take on the role of the young Albus Dumbledore in the planned sequel(s) to Fantastic Beasts and Where To Find Them.
The 44 year old star has most recently been seen on the small screen, in Paolo Sorrentino's acclaimed drama series 'The Young Pope'. Now, he'll be reprising a much younger version of the same character portrayed by both Richard Harris and Michael Gambon in the Harry Potter franchise, according to official site Pottermore.
The planned sequel to Fantastic Beasts and Where To Find Them, currently scheduled for a November 2018 release, will begin filming in August this year. It will feature Dumbledore as a humble Transfiguration professor at Hogwarts', decades before he becomes headmaster.
Continue reading: Jude Law To Play Young Dumbledore In 'Fantastic Beasts' Sequels
Jude Law lights The Empire State Building in honor of Only Make Believe, New York, United States - Monday 14th November 2016
Jude Law arrives at the SeriousFun Children's Network gala held at the RoundHouse, Camden, London, United Kingdom - Thursday 3rd November 2016
Jude Law attends the UK premiere of Sky Original Production The Young Pope held at the Corinthia Hotel - London, United Kingdom - Thursday 13th October 2016
Paolo Sorrentino, Jude Law and Javier Camara attends the photocall for 'The Young Pope' in Madrid, Spain - Tuesday 11th October 2016
King Arthur: Legend of the Sword Trailer
For the most part, Arthur has taught himself all the life lessons he knows, he lives a rough life with his friends in the town, fighting comes as standard for the young man, however Arthur's life is about to change for better and worse. When Arthur is challenged to pull the famous sword from the stone he achieves something that all men before him have failed to do, he retrieves the sword.
Arthur's life story becomes a little clearer, Arthur is the son of Uther Pendragon a noble king loved by his people but when he dies his crown and seat on the throne are stolen by Vortigern who will go to any lengths to secure his future as leader of the kingdom. Since the death of Pendragon, the whole country has slowly fallen into chaos - particularly the capital, Londinium. Vortigern rules with an iron fist and his willingness to use dark magic cause more and more problems.
As Arthur learns about his past, he unites with a group of rebels but the new owner of Excalibur is far from enthusiastic at fighting Vortigern's army. As time passes Arthur realises that he must be the one to restore some peace to the city but with Vortigern leading his troops it's not going to be an easy battle.
Continue: King Arthur: Legend of the Sword Trailer
Jude Law - Jude Law and his girlfriend Phillipa Coan arrive at Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) for a departing flight - Los Angeles, California, United States - Friday 13th May 2016
David Beckham Lands Speaking Role In Guy Ritchie's 'Knights Of The Roundtable: King Arthur'
By Elinor Cosgrave in Lifestyle / Showbiz on 06 September 2015
David Beckham Guy Ritchie Charlie Hunnam Astrid Berges-Frisbey Eric Bana Jude Law
David Beckham may still be learning to live with life after football but he's turning his attentions to his fledging acting career. The former England captain has landed a role in 'Knights Of The Roundtable: King Arthur'.
David Beckham is embarking on a whole new career – acting! The former footballing star has landed a role in Guy Ritchie's upcoming film, Knights of the Roundtable: King Arthur. Beckham announced the news in a recent interview with a British newspaper and revealed he is prepared to face criticism if his acting skills are not up to scratch.
David Beckham at the opening of the 'Breitling Boutique' in Madrid, June 2015.
Read More: David Beckham Hits Back Over Criticism Of Parenting Methods After Harper Pictured With A Pacifier.
Continue reading: David Beckham Lands Speaking Role In Guy Ritchie's 'Knights Of The Roundtable: King Arthur'
Jude Law Hailed A 'Good Dad' By Ex-girlfriend
Jude Law Becomes A Father For The Fifth Time
Jude Law Is A Dad Again
Jude Law becomes dad again
Jude Law Meets With Bolivian President For Carnival Celebrations
Jude Law Considering Another Holiday
Black Sea Trailer
'Black Sea' Takes Its Place In The Sub Genre
Black Sea Movie Review
Jude Law Joins British Navy For Film Preparation
Jude Law to star in King Arthur movie
Jude Law Movies
King Arthur: Legend of the Sword Movie Review
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King Arthur Trailer
Arthur grew up as a peasant on the streets of Londonium having escaped the terror...
King Arthur Legend of the Sword Trailer
Arthur might have an extraordinary destiny, but after his birthright was taken from him at...
For the most part, Arthur has taught himself all the life lessons he knows, he...
Genius Trailer
Thomas Wolfe was a writer who was used to rejection. His constantly lengthy novels didn't...


text:
/**
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


These tropical flamingo wellies have a definite retro feel.
Poco Nido's 100% rubber wellies are ankle height for improved manouverabilty and easy self dressing. Just the right height for little legs splashing in little puddles!
We recommend measuring and referring to this size chart to get the right size for your little one.
Check out the size guide to make sure you get the right fit for your little one.


text:
The Islamic Republic's Power Centers
Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, Iran's supreme leader, is the second-longest-serving head of state in the Middle East. Caren Firouz/Reuters
Who calls the shots in Iran on economic policy, security, and domestic calls for reform? A look at the government's organization chart indicates how complicated the answer is.
Article by CFR.org Editors
Last updated February 25, 2020 7:00 am (EST)
Current political and economic issues succinctly explained.
Iran's system of government is not quite a democracy, nor a theocracy. Former Supreme Leader Ruhollah Khomeini developed its animating doctrine, known as guardianship of the jurist, in the years before the Islamic Republic's founding. Khomeini posited that a just government was possible if religious scholars sat atop it to ensure consistency with Islamic law. This system was put into place with a constitutional referendum after the 1979 Islamic Revolution. The organs of a modern republic—a unicameral legislature (the majlis), executive led by the president, and judiciary—were enveloped by a clerical system. (Most of Iran's clerical hierarchy, however, remains outside this official structure, based in Qom rather than the capital, Tehran.)
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In recent years, these state organs have vied for influence over some domestic and international policies. At the beginning of 2020, regime hard-liners appeared to further consolidate power across these institutions when they won a wide majority in elections for parliament, one of Iran's few directly elected bodies. However, the victory followed the disqualification of thousands of more moderate candidates by the mostly conservative Guardian Council, prompting the lowest voter turnout since the revolution.
One factor that has remained constant in the past four decades is the ultimate authority of the supreme leader, the guardian jurist. Iran's constitution designates the office as head of state and affords it vast authorities under the theory that political authority springs from religious authority. Article 110 of Iran's constitution [PDF] outlines the position's major authorities. They include setting national policies and supervising their implementation, as well as commanding the armed forces and appointing military chiefs and the heads of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps and police. Khomeini's successor, Ali Khamenei, has reportedly influenced the selection of ministers of defense, intelligence, and foreign affairs, as well as science, a sensitive post charged with appointing the heads of universities.
Demonstrations and Protests
The supreme leader's authority is not absolute, however. He is elected by the Assembly of Experts, a body of eighty-eight directly elected jurists constitutionally mandated with overseeing the supreme leader. In practice, however, they carry out oversight in secret committee, and it is unclear whether they have ever sought to meaningfully check either Khomeini or Khamenei.
There are informal constraints on the supreme leader, as well. The position is considered both an arbiter of Iranian politics and a source of emulation, so his direction is meant to both set the course for the republic but also reflect broader consensus among elites. Meanwhile, the supreme leader relies as much on typical instruments of political power [PDF]—control of media outlets, patronage, and so on—as the religious trappings of his office to influence government and society.
A curation of original analyses, data visualizations, and commentaries, examining the debates and efforts to improve health worldwide. Weekly.
Answering to the supreme leader is the president, who serves as head of government. Elected to a maximum of two four-year terms, he is charged with executing the country's laws and setting policy within parameters set by the supreme leader. He nominates members of the cabinet, who must be confirmed by the parliament. He also proposes the budget, which must then be passed under the normal legislative process. (Oil and gas revenue, which is expected to total $18 billion this year, accounts for 23 percent of expected government revenue, and Khamenei has argued for lessening Iran's oil dependence.)
The parliament, or majlis, has 290 seats. Its members are directly elected to four-year terms by geographic district, with five seats set aside for religious minorities. The number of clerics holding seats in it has declined—sixteen were elected in 2016, down from twenty-seven in 2012—while the number associated with the Revolutionary Guards has increased. As the unicameral legislature, it has broad lawmaking authority, but another body, the Guardian Council, is charged with determining whether laws it passes are permissible under the constitution and Islamic precepts. Half of the council's twelve members are theologians appointed by the supreme leader; the other half are legal scholars selected by the parliament.
The Guardian Council also qualifies candidates for the Assembly of Experts, presidency, and parliament, giving it great influence in setting the parameters of Iranian electoral democracy. In the 2016 general elections, the body approved just half of the declared candidates for parliament and one-fifth of those for the Assembly of Experts. It has often weeded out reformist candidates for office. In the 2017 presidential election, it disqualified Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, the firebrand ex-president who had, while in office, clashed with Khamenei.
Another body, the Expediency Council, was established in the 1988 revision of the constitution to mediate between the parliament and Guardian Council. The supreme leader, who appoints its members to five-year terms, has since delegated authority to it for supervising the government. It is another avenue through which the supreme leader can choose to exercise closer authority over the government.
The Supreme National Security Council is led by the president and includes the parliamentary speaker and chief justice—that is, the heads of all three branches of government. Also on the council are military chiefs and the ministers of state, foreign affairs, and intelligence, as well as two personal representatives of the supreme leader; thus, it includes appointees of both the president and supreme leader. Its constitutional writ is broad; it is charged with setting a wide range of policies that touch on defense and security, responding to threats both foreign and domestic.
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Explore More on Iran
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Iran appears increasingly boxed in by intensifying U.S. sanctions, the latest of which will effectively cut it off from its main oil customers.
In Brief by Ray Takeyh April 22, 2019 Middle East Program


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Die römisch-katholische Pfarrkirche Mettmach steht im Ort Mettmach in der Marktgemeinde Mettmach im Bezirk Ried im Innkreis in Oberösterreich. Die auf den heiligen Stephanus geweihte Kirche gehört zum Dekanat Aspach in der Diözese Linz. Die Kirche steht unter .

Geschichte
Eine Kirche wurde 1039 urkundlich genannt. Der gotische Kirchenbau wurde 1734 und 1844 umgebaut und erweitert.

Architektur
Das dreischiffige vierjochige Langhaus hat ein Mittelschiff mit drei westlichen Jochen mit gotischen Gewölben, wo die Rippen entfernt wurden, und mit Stuck versehen wurden, das östliche Joch ist flach hängekuppelgewölbt. Das südliche Seitenschiff hat zwei gotische westliche Joche, auch hier die Rippen entfernt, mit Stuck wie im Mittelschiff, die anderen Joche und im nördlichen Seitenschiff hängekuppelgewölbt. Der einjochige Chor hat einen Fünfachtelschluss, welcher außen gerundet ist. Der frühgotische eingestellte Westturm mit einem kreuzrippengewölbten Läuthaus wurde im Aufsatz ins Achteck übergeführt und trägt einen Zwiebelhelm aus 1791. Das spätgotische Südportal hat eine netzrippengewölbte Vorhalle.

Ausstattung
Die Einrichtung ist neugotisch. Am südlichen Seitenaltar sind zwei barocke Bildwerke um 1660. Die Statuen Peter und Paul schuf Johann Peter Schwanthaler der Ältere (1763) und wurden 1953 restauriert.

Literatur
 Mettmach, Pfarrkirche hl. Stephan. S. 196. In: Die Kunstdenkmäler Österreichs. Dehio Oberösterreich. Von Erwin Hainisch, Neubearbeitet von Kurt Woisetschläger, Vorworte zur 3. Auflage (1958) und 4. Auflage (1960) von Walter Frodl, Sechste Auflage, Verlag Anton Schroll & Co., Wien 1977.

Weblinks

Mettmach
Mettmach
Dekanat Aspach

Mettmach
Mettmach

Mettmach
Mettmach
Mettmach
Mettmach
Bauwerk im Bezirk Ried im Innkreis
Mettmach


If you fancy heading a little further away from the city, then a short ferry ride to the Aran Islands is highly recommended. This is the place to go if you want to experience a truly bi-lingual Ireland, with Irish spoken as a daily language here.
There are three islands to explore: Inis Mór Island (Big Island), Inis Meáin Island (Middle island) and Inis Oírr Island (East island). The geological formations here are beautiful, and the lifestyle of the inhabitants remains quite traditional.
You can easily drive from the city. Compare our low cost Galway car hire offers as we may just have the perfect deal for you.


text:
53rd Sunland-Tujunga Lions Club Watermelon Festival Announces
Headliners and Main Stage Lineup, Special Guests and New
Attractions Santa Anita Park, July 19 and July 20
•	Saturday at 7:00pm Rose Royce
•	Sunday at 6:00pm The Finalists featuring Elliot Yamin (American Idol) and
Melissa ("MJ") Jimenez (The Voice) with Jack Mack & the
Heart Attack Horns.
Sunland-Tujunga, CA...The 53rd Sunland-Tujunga Lions Club Watermelon Festival is pleased to announce the exciting headliners and main stage line-up, special guests and new attractions for their 2014 event. The festivities will be held, July 19 and July 20 on the infield of Santa Anita Park. The venue is located at 285 West Huntington Drive, Arcadia, California, 91007. Infield entrance and Gate #6 is located off Colorado Place. Festival hours are Saturday from 10:00am to 9:00pm and Sunday from 10:00am to 8:00pm. Tickets are $10.00 for adults and $5.00 for children, $8.00 for seniors and active military personnel, children under two are free. Parking is $4.00. Every admission includes free watermelon slices, a free spin on the Watermelon Wheel for additional prizes, and children's admission includes a free pass to the petting farm or zoo. For additional information please visit www.lionswatermelonfestival.com or call 1-800-955-1277.
Saturday night at 7:00pm, the Grammy Award winning recording group Rose Royce will take the stage. Best known for their Platinum and Gold sellers they are one of the funkiest bands around with a string of hits that include "Car Wash," "Wishing on a Star" and "I Wanna Get Next To You," to mention a few. Radio stations all over the world play these hit recordings everyday and they've been dazzling audiences world-wide for more than twenty five years! Come see Rose Royce live, playing their greatest hits and much more!
Sunday night at 6:00pm, The Finalists featuring Elliot Yamin of "American Idol" and Melissa ("MJ") Jimenez of "The Voice," with Jack Mack & the Heart Attack Horns. This dynamic show features the hardest working band in "Soul" business with television fan favorites from two top rated music shows. Elliott Yamin's hits include "Wait for You," "Fight for Love" and "Can't Keep Loving You (From a Distance)." Melissa ("MJ") Jimenez is well-known for her performances on Wyclef Jean's "Touch Your Button" and "Dance With Me," from the motion picture "First Daughter." With their combined energetic performances, this is a not to be missed performance!
On Saturday, at 10:30am, the Main Stage will open with a performance by the Verdugo Voices Glee Club and Jr. Glee Club. These wonderful and talented young performers are always a joy to hear, followed by the ever popular Coronation of the Watermelon Queen, King and their Court. (The Royal Court contestants run to raise money for various school programs and organizations in the Sunland-Tujunga area.) On hand to assist with the coronation will be Special Guest Brandi Harrison, the reigning 2014 National Watermelon Queen. At noon the Caribbean flavors of Tropical Punch take the stage, followed by the Radio Disney Road Crew at 1:00pm. Vaudevillians Evans & Rogers will take the audience back to the Golden Age of music with their performance at 2:00pm and Louisiana legends Henry Turner, Jr. & Flavor join the festivities at 3:30pm with their mesmerizing brand of soul, reggae and funk. Last year favorite's Landia Band returns at 5:00pm this year with their grooving, chunky funky rhythm and razor sharp riffage. A great opener for Rose Royce!
Sunday's Main Stage lineup opens at 10:30am with a special performance by the Dill Purple Geniuses, whimsical characters along with the talented Dill Genius Kids and host Jennifer Hopson, put on a fun-filled show featuring story-telling, singing and skits. McDonald's Chief Happiness Officer, Ronald McDonald performs at 11:00am and will also be on hand for photo ops. Noon brings the cool breezes of the Caribbean to the festival with the popular band Upstream. Rock Theatre, a teenage troupe of singers and dancers take the stage for two half-hour sets at 1:30pm and 2:30pm. Blues rules for returning fan favorites The Bull Dawg Blues Band at 3:00pm and Mike Fell and His So Called Friends at 4:30pm, great intros for our blockbuster closer of The Finalists featuring Elliot Yamin, "MJ" Jimenez with Jack Mack & the Heart Attack Horns.
Special Guests this year on Saturday include the Radio Disney Road Crew and 100.3 The Sound radio station from 11am to 2:00pm. New this year is Power 106FM from 2:00pm to 6:00pm. On Sunday both the Kings Ice Crew and Galaxy Star Squad, with a soccer activity, return from 10:00am to 3:00pm. Be sure to stop by all their booths to play interactive games and have chances to win prizes.
The Watermelon Pavilion will have hourly carving and cooking demonstrations. Chef Poon will again be carving his whimsical and easy creations, along with culinary students. At 5:00pm daily, a Watermelon Carving Competition will be held. Celebrity Judges for Saturday include Watermelon Carver Jim Morey, who will also be doing demonstrations and Celebrity Chef Hiep Thi Le who has appeared on Food Network's "Chopped." Sunday's celebrities include Lisa Loring who portrayed 'Wednesday' on the original "Addams Family" television show. Festival goers will also have a chance to bid on the fantastic carvings and take one home as a souvenir in our daily raffles.
New Attractions for this year are pony rides, a petting farm, a zoo, the Euro Bungee and Bubble Rollers. The Trompers of Eagle Rock's vintage car club will also have muscle cars and hot rods on display...and you can also discover the world of the Rolling Robots, not to mention that Lucky and Winnie, the Santa Anita Race Track Mascots will be available for photo ops too.
So mark your calendars and come have some fun at the 53rd Sunland-Tujunga Lions Club Watermelon Festival, July 19 and July 20 at Santa Anita Park. Enjoy rides, games, live music and refreshing watermelon slices all day long and don't forget to enter the Watermelon Eating and Seed Spitting Contests!
About the Festival:
Proceeds raised by the Watermelon Festival are used by the Sunland-Tujunga Lions Club help to support local youth and community activities, disaster relief, and to support health and vision conservation programs in California, across the nation and throughout the world.
Marcia Groff, Entertainment Enterprises, 310-721-1592, entertainmg@gmail.com
or John Forrester, 323-702-3684, john@johnforrester.com.
visit thier website at http://lionswatermelonfestival.com


Form a team and throw down in our 8-week CrossTown Bouldering League!
The 2019 Winter CrossTown Bouldering League is afoot!
Click below for the latest team standings.
The CrossTown Bouldering League is an 8-week adult bouldering competition held at multiple FA locations featuring 3 categories so climbers of all ability levels can be part of the action. Teams of 3-5 people will face off each week on the latest boulder problems to see which team has what it takes to rise above the pack, and the team that prevails after 8 weeks of fierce competition will win great prizes from Arc'Teryx, Butora, and First Ascent – not to mention all the glory.
For the Winter 2019 season the CrossTown Bouldering League will be held at three FA locations: FA Humboldt Park, FA Uptown, and FA BLock 37!
PLUS, we'll host a Super Final that pits the top teams from each of the 3 leagues against each other at our spring community competition on Saturday April 27th to crown the CrossTown champions for each category! More details coming soon.
Registration includes a League t-shirt and invitations to League celebrations!
Questions? Email us at league@firstascentclimbing.com.


Heat, Fashionable Up to date Home on 2.5 Acres of Gorgeous Redwood Grove, with Babbling Creek and Waterfalls, Sizzling Tub; Brief Drive to Duncans Mills, River Beaches, Coast. There is a creek and the property extends into the woods. Sheer granite cliffs border deserted seashores and crystal-blue water, and a non-public information can lead you by motorcycle to distant spots just like the spectacular Dam Tre Bay lagoon. The picket cottages have views of Lake Maxwell (guide the Log Home, with its stone hearth). There's a good sized stream working throughout the back of the property and we liked falling asleep to the sound of upstairs main bedroom is massive and has a sitting area.
A bit of bit north of Tampa, the sleepy island of Cedar Secret is positive to make for a calm, gratifying trip. There's a TV, desk and sofa mattress that was pretty comfy in the loft. My Mother just lately came to the bay area to go to and my sister and I took her to stay at the Secret Backyard. On the southern coast, Lodge Vila Ombak ( ; doubles from $one hundred fifty) has a hundred and fifteen ethereal oceanfront rooms.
Every part was nice,the outside, the home itself. It rained more often than not we have been there, but it surely was advantageous as a result of we have been joyful to remain in the home. It was sooooo amazing and we loved hottubbing within the morning and property is quite a lot of fun to explore and we hiked up alongside the creek and could not assist but take tons of pictures the whole way.
Great, cozy bedding and every thing we would have liked in the kitchen. The plush greenery, towering Redwoods, and soothing sounds of the flowing creek, which ran right by means of the property, have been so relaxing and reworking I wished to remain forever. This is a excellent spot in the winter and I am certain it could be just as beautiful in the summer.
Right here, sheer granite cliffs border deserted seashores and crystal-blue water—imagine a tropical Amalfi Coast with out the crowds. However on this case, they mysteriously tweeted not a peep about their vacation on his private Bahamian island, or their travel there aboard his helicopter. Slightly down the highway, Pine Island presents a peaceful stay, with waterside lodging in historic lodges, outstanding seafood, and enjoyable beach activites like cruisers and kayaks.


Although my sabbatical is only three months old, I can confidently state that sabbaticals are awesome. As I've discussed in at least one of my previous posts, the time away from teaching and administrative tasks has been exactly the type of break that I've needed.
Yesterday, I finally learned to make bread – assuming you exclude the breads I've made in the past that are really just cake in disguise. I'm looking at you banana, pumpkin, and zucchini breads.
If you are following me on the Twitters or any of the other various social media that I frequent, you'll probably already know that yesterday was a rather not so ordinary day. After flying to Vancouver Thursday night, Nic and I were up early Friday morning to head to Maple Ridge.


A very large number of community-based organisations which provide opportunities for adult and community learning.
If you are part of an organisation which provides opportunities for adult or community learning, but you are not currently linked into the sector contact our team to get connected.
Adult and Community Education (ACE) is a process whereby adults choose to engage in a range of educational activities within the community.
The practice fosters individual and group learning which promotes empowerment, equity, active citizenship, critical and social awareness and sustainable development.
In Aotearoa New Zealand, ACE is based on the unique relationships reflected in Te Tiriti o Waitangi.
ACE occurs alongside the formal education system and is therefore accessible to all.
It promotes a culture of lifelong learning. It happens in a wide range of contexts in both structured and spontaneous forms, all of which have their own value. There is joy in learning.
It may be initiated by individual and group needs which encourage adults to learn to understand their world and to seek change within it.
Currently ACE is funded by the Tertiary Education Commission (TEC), as providers through schools, TEIs, and PTEs or on a user pays basis. Many community providers of ACE are not funded by the TEC. They may be accessing some government funding through other government agencies, or relying on grants and/or voluntary input.


text:
Music: Practice & Theory Meta
Music: Practice & Theory Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for musicians, students, and enthusiasts. It only takes a minute to sign up.
WHY do harmonics happen?
The answers to the question 'How do harmonics work?' were most interesting.
OK, that's the HOW it happens. But WHY does it happen ? What is the physics here ? Why doesn't a guitar string vibrate at one frequency only?
PunkstaPunksta
Vibrational Modes: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_mode
– Caleb Hines
How are these answers any better/different than those in the post you cited?
Check out this simulation: phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/legacy/fourier. You can create any resultant shape by adding together the harmonics in different amounts/ amplitudes. Conversely, when you pull back a string and pluck it, you are giving the string some initial shape. The initial shape determines which harmonics are present and how loud they are. If we stick to an idealized string, then that's the whole answer. For a real-world string, there are some good answers below.
– jdjazz
It's a simple question with quite an involved answer.
First a quick primer on wavelength, frequency and pitch.
Frequency is how many times a vibration repeats in a period of time. Wavelength is the length of a single vibration, which for something like a guitar string, corresponds to the length of time it takes to repeat. You can see that if the wavelength halves, the frequency doubles.
Conveniently, the wavelength of the sound from a vibrating string is proportional to the length of the string, so we can talk about the two almost interchangeably.
Doubling the frequency (halving the wavelength) takes us up an octave.
When you hit/pluck/shake anything, it will vibrate at all kinds of frequency. Most of those frequencies will die away very quickly. Here's why.
These are conceptual pictures of a string vibrating. Think of one end as the nut of a guitar, and the other as the bridge. The bottom one is "not a resonant frequency", because the line doesn't end at the bridge. I could perhaps have drawn the last part of the wave with a steeper curve, so it reached the dot, and that would have shown what happens to waves of that frequency -- rather than work with the length of the string to reinforce itself, it works against the length of the string, gets cancelled out, and dies away.
Now look at the other waves. They sustain because they "fit" into the length of the string. They would carry on vibrating that way forever, if it weren't for the sound board, the friction of the air, and so forth, perhaps the magnetic field of a pickup, taking energy away.
I've shown the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th -- but they keep going on, at various levels of loudness.
The complex waveform of a guitar note is the result of adding all those resonant frequencies together.
Here are some waveforms:
Here is a frequency analysis of single guitar note - horizontal axis is frequency, vertical axis is amplitude. Each spike is a different harmonic.
It's the precise mixture of frequencies, and how quickly each one dies away, that provides the timbre of the instrument.
A good way to get a feel for this is to play with an analogue synth (or a simulation of one). These use "additive synthesis", in which an oscillator produces a pure sin wave, and you build up a timbre by adding in "harmonics" using more oscillators, choosing the relative pitch and volume for each one.
You may have noticed that your guitar sounds "boomier" if you pluck it near the 12th fret, and more trebly when you pluck it near the bridge. That's because when you pluck near the middle of the string, you're giving lots of energy to the 1st harmonic, and very little to the other harmonics.
Now, what happens if you gently touch the midpoint of the string?
You kill the 1st harmonic. That involved the string moving at exactly the point you've suppressed.
You allow the 2nd harmonic to keep ringing - the string doesn't need to move at the position you've muted.
You kill the 3rd harmonic
The 4th harmonic keeps ringing
... and so on.
The result is that you subtract the fundamental note, and a lot of "odd" harmonics, leaving a harmonic that's an octave up, and some of the higher harmonics. The result is a sound with fewer harmonics that therefore sounds "purer".
A great way to get a feel for this is to play the open string, then listen carefully as you gently touch the midpoint, to see how you achieve the octave by subtracting part of the sound.
slimslim
Nitpicks: the wavelength is the spatial length of "a single vibration", i.e. the distance between e.g. two knots on a string. That may be proportional to the period, which is the length in time, but it's not the same thing; in fact the quantities are not proportional on anything more complicated than a free string or a free column of air (e.g. drums, bells...), leading to harmonics that aren't integer multiples. That's why most melody/harmony-instruments use strings or air columns. — Most synthesizers use primarily substractive synthesis, not additive.
– leftaroundabout
@leftaroundabout Those are fair nitpicks. If you leave the filters alone, you can play with additive synthesis on a typical multi-oscillator analogue synth.
– slim
@slim Why will it vibrate at all kinds of frequency, if I pluck a string?
– wang zhihao
"When you hit/pluck/shake anything, it will vibrate at all kinds of frequency." Why? E.g., damping? But this doesn't explain an infinite number of overtones arising into non-perceptible frequency ranges. In fact, a dampening sound wave should cause a rising series of tones, not simultaneous overtones.
– Udon Joe
@UdonJoe it's not because of damping, as explained in the various answers.
See also this other post
Well, they don't happen – not necessarily.
Strings can do all kinds of stuff:
All these are possible ways a snapshot of a moving string could look like. Not only that, it could also move at each point with an arbitrary velocity. The velocity could be everywhere 0 (for an infinitesimally short moment). In the first shown state, if the velocity we also zero then this would mean the string is simply in "silent mode", i.e. no vibration at all. The second state is an overtone-free one (the lowest eigenstate of the string; if this snapshot is with zero velocity it means the string is at the upper turnaround position, i.e. it moved upwards until now and will then start moving down).
The 4th state is a confused bunch of harmonics. By this I mean, you could take a little bit of the ground state from picture 2, something of the second harmonic (an S-like shape), a little of the 3rd and so on, add them all up and get exactly picture 4. What would that sound like? Well, just the sum of all those frequencies as overtones, like in typical string vibration as we're use to hear. Except that picture 4 is not a typical string state: I wouldn't expect to ever find a real string in that state.
In contrary to state 3: that's exactly what a guitar string looks like when you've plucked it and it's just about to slip off the nail/pick. And what happens then? Well, it moves on as if there never was a pick, i.e. as if it was in the middle of its normal movement and we simply took a snapshot which happened to look like picture 3. But picture 3 is clearly not an eigenstate: just like picture 4, the only way a string could look like this is by vibrating in multiple modes at the same time. And that's why a guitar doesn't produce sine oscillations, but proper tones with harmonics.
leftaroundaboutleftaroundabout
Considering the velocity of the string at the moment when it is zero isn't particularly instructive given that vibration is a temporal phenomenon. Also, the first image represents not only a silent-mode string but also a vibrating string at the moment when its displacement is zero, its acceleration is zero, and its velocity is at its maximum value.
Actually, the opposite question is more relevant
why doesn't a string vibrate at all the frequencies? When you hit it, you aren't providing just one vibration node, but putting in a chunk of energy.
It comes down to where the nodes, or zeros are (have a look at @MatthewRead's answer over here) as with the ends of the string fixed, any wave which has an element of movement at those points will not propagate (the end point just won't move)
So what that does is limit the possible frequencies to those which have a wavelength which fits into the string a whole number of times.
Doktor Mayhem♦Doktor Mayhem
From a purely theoretical point of view it has to do with two things: Excitation and non-linearity.
As suggested by leftaroundabout's diagrams, WHERE you pluck on a string, eg, will affect to a large degree whether it vibrates primarily at the "fundamental" or some harmonic. This is excitation. So someone playing a stringed instrument can get a purer, more "fundamental" sound by plucking near the middle of the string, and a "richer", more "harmonic" sound by plucking closer to the end of the string.
Non-linearity, on the other hand, has to do with the fact that, eg, the string of a stringed instrument is not perfectly flexible, must deal with the resistance of air, and a number of other factors. This means that even if somehow initially excited to precisely the fundamental frequency, the fact that, eg, the strings are stiff at the ends will cause the ends to "lag" slightly the motion of the rest of the string, so rather than vibrating in a smooth arc the string will take on a slight S shape. If you analyze the S shape mathematically and plot its frequency spectrum, there will be a strong spike at the fundamental frequency, but (due to the S shape) weaker spikes at the overtones. In addition, the "sharp" peak at the fundamental (and the overtones) will "spread" slightly due to air resistance, etc.
It's all these subtle variations that give a musical instrument its tone. A pure fundamental tone sounds "electronic" and very artificial. (But of course, too many overtones and too much "spread" results in a muddy sound.)
Hot LicksHot Licks
So far I've seen nobody addressing the "why" question of harmonics to any useful degree: everybody is either intent on explaining how a string (as a nice example of an oscillator with overtones) can support multiple harmonics, or handwaving around the issue.
The answer is "boundary conditions". An oscillator can support multiple modes, so the question is what combination of modes will actually correspond to a certain one-time or continuous or semicontinuous excitement: the excitement places the boundary conditions. If we pluck a non-sounding string, it is formed into two straight line segments (assuming that the plucking is slow in comparison with the vibration) and then let go.
So we need to find a superposition of overtones and modes that will result in exactly the shape of the string and the forces and impulse in every part of it at the time we let go and leave it to its own devices: this will determine the various ratios of modes, and they will usually decay with different time constants, too. With strings, you can give some partials an unfair advantage by touching the string in places they would not move: then other partials die out much faster, the result being a "flageolet" or pure harmonic sound.
Also plucking a string at various points will have different overtones in the result. Some like to pluck it very close to the bridge so that it's basically the pick noise travelling back and forth the string that makes up the initial sound, rather overtone-rich until the higher partials die off.
Less confusingly called initial condition. The boundary condition (both in common sense and in hyperbolic-PDE lingo) is rather the requirement that the ends of the string at all time rest on the bridge/nut – which is in fact necessary for harmonics, but doesn't imply that any will be excited.
I'll assume that you wonder about the harmonic components of a sound, not the guitar harmonics played by just touching the string (which was the real question behind "How do harmonics work?", I believe).
Any periodical signal can be represented as a sum of sine waves. These sine waves are shown in a spectrum: the spikes in the spectrum graph by slim represent the amplitudes of sine waves, which frequencies are given by the x-axis of the spikes.
Sum up these sine waves and you will get your original signal back. If you have only one component (one spike) in a spectrum, the signal is just a sine with that frequency and amplitude.
With that in mind, your question may be rephrased:
"Why doesn't a guitar string vibrate at one frequency only?" -> "Why doesn't a guitar string vibrate as a sine wave?"
You could say that a guitar string vibrates at one frequency (in a non-sine waveform). But its waveform may be decomposed into a sum of sine waves of different frequencies.
Now why doesn't a guitar string vibrate as a sine? As mentioned by others, this is controlled by the constraints applied to the string. The contact with the pluck, where the string is struck, the stiffness of the string, the connections to the guitar body, the body itself, the room, your fingers...
GauthierGauthier
It all has to do with overtones. In a nutshell, sound is a compression wave. (It's usually drawn as a standing wave for simplicity.) Every pitch is at a set frequency, so the high point in the wave occurs every so often.
An overtone, which is what a harmonic is, happens when you have two sound waves whose high points overlap at certain intervals. For instance, an octave above any given note is twice that note's frequency, so the high points of the upper note will overlap the high points in the lower note every other time. Similar effects occur for most overtones.
A guitar string really does only vibrate at a single frequency, which is determined by its length and its tension. The overtones line up with other frequencies, which causes any appropriately tuned strings nearby to resonate with the string if they match one of the harmonics.
This is a gross oversimplification of course. This youtube video is the best explanation of the whole process I've seen in a while.
Nicholas FlyntNicholas Flynt
Actually, the plucked string vibrates at several superimposed frequencies. "Added" together they describe the complex shape the string takes on. But you are correct that the "sympathetic" vibration of adjacent strings has a significant effect (as of course does the instrument body). Of particular note would be instruments with distinct sympathetic elements that are never directly "excited" such as the Hardanger fiddle.
– Hot Licks
Why doesn't a guitar string vibrate at one frequency only?
An ideal one carefully plucked at its middle would, but real-world guitar strings are not idealized strings. They are not massless, they have thickness, they're often twisted bundles of metal, inconstant tension, gauge, etc. And, probably most importantly, they're plucked somewhere close to one end of the string, which is against the natural motion an ideal string would like to take. Thus, more than one mode (frequency) of the string will be vibrating; these are the harmonics.
This diagram shows what the real motion of a plucked string (black) looks like:
The colors are the different modes (overtones or harmonics) of the string's vibration. Any of these colored "strings" is a natural motion the black string would like to take. Since the red "string" has the largest amplitude, its frequency is the most prominent heard coming from the vibrating string. All these colors, when superimposed, create the non-"pure" vibration of a plucked sting. You can see the shape of the black string isn't symmetric, is "bent," unlike the colored "strings."
Plucking at the middle of the string is one way to minimize the harmonics. If you do this, you'll hear a more pure sound. This is because it's not as against the natural motion of a string as plucking near an end of the string.
GeremiaGeremia
Even if you pluck at the middle you get a considerable amount of harmonics. Just the even harmonics are completely suppressed this way.
This is a good explanation of the physics, but it doesn't depend in any way on the fact that the string is "not idealized". The same concept (mathematically called Fourier analysis) applies just as well to an idealized string that is pulled to one side and held in that position (i.e. its shape becomes two straight lines) and then released so that it vibrates.
@leftaroundabout If you pluck an ideal string contrary to its natural motion, you can produce harmonics, yes.
@alephzero Different types of strings have different timbres, and a string's harmonics contribute to a string's unique timbre. An ideal string vibrating at its fundamental mode only (like the red string in the picture alone) would produce a perfect sine wave sound with no harmonics.
@Geremia the timbre of a single plucked string depends strongly on the position of the plucking point along the string. You can easily demonstrate that on an acoustic guitar. It is impossible to pluck a string, ideal or not, to excite only the fundamental frequency.
Harmonics in general are produced by systems which have a non-linear response, like a string.
One way to understand harmonics is to look at mathematical operations, like Fourier transforms, or other transforms. These operations convert (transform) an integral equation of some quantity, typically amplitude vs. time, into a sum of another quantity, typically amplitude vs. frequency, where harmonic frequencies show up as major terms of the sum.
Another way is to look at how non-linearity create harmonics. This is what I'll elaborate on here. Non-linearity is not something unknown for musicians, as soon as an amplifier or a microphone is non-linear, it creates harmonic distortion, which is just parasitic harmonic frequencies added to the amplified copy of the audio input. Harmonic distortion in music is also called... instrument timbre. So many different words for one physical effect!
Linearity of the restoring force: Spring
As an example of linearity, imagine a spring. If one elongates the spring they sense a restoring force, the larger the elongation and the larger the force, maybe to the point the spring cannot be extended further. In general a helical spring develops a restoring force exactly proportional to the elongation:
Such system is said linear as regards to its response to a perturbation. For more information on the linearity of springs, and some applications, a good read is the Wikipedia article on Hooke's law.
Linearity of the restoring force: Diapason
The diapason is an interesting instrument because it oscillates mostly without harmonic. Prongs oscillation occurs in the linear domain of metal elasticity, where the restoring force is proportional to the current distance from the rest position.
This (quasi-) linear elasticity exists for metallic material but only for small displacements, which means small energy transmitted to air and limited sound intensity. If we tried to create higher sounds, we would leave the linear domain and harmonics would appear.
We'll be back to the diapason later. Let's first see a truly non-linear system: The guitar string!
Guitar: Large oscillation, mostly non linear
An oscillating system like a vibrating string has also a rest position. When moved away from this position it develops a force, in the form of a tension, tending to restore the rest state, the larger the transverse distance from the rest position, the larger the longitudinal tension.
However the guitar string doesn't work in the small linear elasticity range of the diapason, it needs to produce powerful sounds, the string is "excited" with large inputs, to which the material is not able to respond in a linear way. The tension is not proportional to the transverse distance at a given point of the string:
(Right hand graph from Henrik B Pedersen and Jeppe Langeland Knudsen, adapted)
(Note: The figure above has been updated after @user1079505 comment on wrong value for amplitude x. Wrong/original figure is here.)
The amplitude of the restoring force tends to increase in greater proportion as we approach the elasticity limit and come a bit closer to the permanent deformation/breaking point. Other factors play a role, including the response is not time independent, the response also depends on previous perturbation of the string.
The result is the restoring force is not a scaled copy of the current string distance from its rest position and, adding complexity, at a given time, the scaling factor is not the same for all segments of the string.
This non-linearity between displacement amplitude and restoring tension is the origin of the harmonics. The actual mechanism is complex, but we'll see a simple case by looking again at the diapason, which after all is not totally linear...
Back to the diapason with its small non-linearity
Saying a diapason has no harmonics was an approximation. The diapason usually develops the second harmonic, and the detail of how this happens is a good example of the extreme sensibility of physical oscillating devices to asymmetry and non-linearity which is seen in action with strings.
Basically the prongs of a tuning fork oscillate in their common plane like cantilever beams, and the center of mass, seen from the top is kept motionless due to the symmetry of the displacements. However this is not the case for its vertical position.
When the prongs oscillate, their individual center of mass moves up and down by a small distance, following a circular arc. It also occurs at 440 Hz (or whatever frequency the fork is tuned for). This displacement of the mass induces a reaction in the vertical direction, the stem goes up and down by a very small amount.
The diapason is usually held against another support, e.g. a table. When doing so, prongs vibrations are transmitted to the support acting as an amplifier.
It appears the stem is more efficient to transmit vertical vibrations, and the table surface is more easily bent vertically than moved horizontally. Due to this selective amplification by the table, the very small vertical vibration has now more relative importance.
The frequency of the transverse wave and the center of mass wave being the same, this could still goes without consequences, however what is problematic is their waveform is different, one is a distorted sinusoid. And guess the reason for this distortion... Here we are: Non-linearity!
This graph is part of a study that is good to read. It shows the two oscillations (scales are not of the same order). While the transverse wave is almost sinusoidal, the vertical wave due to the mass displacement has peaks and lows of different shapes. The cause is the vertical oscillation alternates tension and compression forces in the stem, to which metal responds in a different way, with different velocities. We are left with two waves which naturally interfere, creating the 880 Hz harmonic:
This is a simple example of harmonics created by a small non-linearity, the principle is the same for other materials and vibrating devices, including guitar strings, though more elements are involved.
Linearity: A more precise definition
Technically we say it's an homomorphism, from homos- same and -morphe shape. That's big words, in practical here is a linear transformation:
BC and B'C' are linear transformations of each other. The definition of a linear system is:
If input x produces output u, then for any number k, k.x must produce k.u. This means the output must be proportional to the input. If the input is increased by a factor k, then the output is increased by the same factor.
If input x produces u, and input y produces v, then input k1.x + k2.y must produces k1.u + k2.v (k1 and k2 being any multipliers). It means the output produced by the sum is the same to the sum of the outputs from individual inputs.
That's all. Any system which has not the two properties above produces distortion / harmonics. It can happens for amplifiers, for vibrating devices, for cosmic waves, or the electrical grid. Harmonics are usually unwanted, but they can be difficult to remove.
I don't understand your story of nonlinearity. E.g. if you pluck a string, you displace it, so you provide an initial shape. Fourier transform of this shape defines the harmonic content, and then energy is not transferred between various modes (I neglect here second order nonlinear effects, which you neglect as well). If you excite a string with a single frequency, e.g. by resonance, it will continue to vibrate with a single mode, and no new modes will be produced. Oscillations will be harmonic. Also a string fullfils both requirements of linearity you provide in the last section.
Cont. If you excite string with twice larger amplitude it will vibrate the same way, but with twice larger amplitude. If you excite string with two frequencies, it will oscillate with two frequencies, the oscillation will be superposition of oscillations with each of the two frequencies. So (within certain limits) string is a good linear system.
@user1079505: "If you excite string with twice larger amplitude it will vibrate the same way". That's the whole point, it won't, the way the string reacts to small inputs and large inputs is different. This creates ripples on the sinusoid, which show as harmonics after the FT.
This seems to contradict both my experience and my knowledge of physics. Can you support your claims with any reputable sources?
1. Harmonics are present on a guitar string primarily because they are excited already when you pluck the string. When you pluck the string you deflect it in a triangular shape, and Fourier transform of this shape defines the harmonic content. You don't need non-linear phenomena to explain that. 2. Pedersen and Knudsen studied a low tension copper wire oscillating at quite large amplitude. If you put parameters of actual acoustic, electric or classical guitar strings in Eq. 13 you'll find a much smaller effect.
You asked "Why doesn't a guitar string vibrate at one frequency only?". Let's look at it from the other perspective: Every kind of musical instrument makes sounds that have overtones in them, and every pitch played on every kind of instrument has multiple frequencies in it--not just on the guitar. There is no repeating, oscillating sound made by any musical instrument that has absolutely no overtones. The only sound that can exist that has no overtones would be a completely pure sine wave. You could only create a pure sine wave with an electronic oscillator. No acoustic or electro-acoustic musical instrument can create a sound that is similar to a pure sine wave.
This answer doesn't explain the "why" behind the question.
It would vibrate only at the fundamental frequency if you excited it exactly at the middle and there were no losses in the material.
However, if you excite it randomly, it will go to an "equilibrium" status in which only standing waves multiple of fundamental frequency survive.
That is, in an ideal scenario you could generate only the desired harmonics if you excite an ideal string in the correct points.
I don't know why this answer was down graded twice, except for hazing. It's just as good as many of the higher ranked answers. Maybe there is more that you could say about it.
@ggcg The information in this answer is incorrect, or at best extremely unclear. What does it mean to "excite string in the middle"? Do you mean to pluck it, strike it or bow it in the middle? Then it would still have all odd harmonics, not only the fundamental.
True it could be clearer but no one offered a suggestion and that seems cowardly. It is at least not-communal and we are a community.
Building on everyone's answers so far I'll provide a concrete example that you can play with: https://www.desmos.com/calculator/ii4bptqcb0 . In all of the examples you'll want to let the t variable change by pressing the play button next to the variable.
To understand this start with the basic version and understand that k is changing the phase of the 2nd harmonic.
After that you can see that in the original example v1 ... vk is the phase corresponding to each harmonic, so they can be tweaked.
Notice that when you load the experiment that the line is simulating the moment before the player releases the string like in leftaroundabout's diagram:
And after it is realeased it looks more like the final wave in the above diagram.
Also note that setting all of the parameters to 0 also gives a good approximation of a pluck: https://www.desmos.com/calculator/p8rpxes5tw
And then let the t variable "play". Notice how close this motion is to the motion we observe in this video:
I hope these examples help you get a concrete understanding of the other solutions.
cuppajoemancuppajoeman
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Lawmaker Promises Cybersecurity Laws


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