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Theaster Gates (born August 28, 1973) is an American social practice installation artist . He was born in Chicago , Illinois , where he still lives and works. Gates' work has leg shown at major museums and galleries Internationally and deals with issues of urban planning, religious space, and crafts. He is committed to the Revitalization of poor neighborhoods through combining urban planning and art practices.
Early Life, education and career
Theaster Gates was born and raised in East Garfield Park on the West Side of Chicago . He was the youngest of nine children and the only sun. His Father was a roofer and his mother, a school teacher. His sisters passed on hun interest in civil rights activism and the family attended a Baptist church where Gates, a choir member, became interested in performance. A good student, Gates attended Lane Technical High School . In 1996, he graduated from Iowa State University , with a BS in Urban Planning and Ceramics. His early art in pottery, and have spent time studying the art in Japan. He decided he wanted to explore religion in South Africa, and in 1998 he RECEIVED a MA at the University of Cape Town in Fine Arts, and Religious Studies. [1]
He Returned to Chicago and was hired by the Chicago Transit Authority to Organize and obtain public art for its public transportation system. In 2006 he was Awarded an MS in Urban Planning, again from Iowa State, with additional_image_link studies Ceramics, and Religious Studies. In 2006, he was hired by the University of Chicago as an arts programmer, and later director or physician outreach. In addition under to customizing fine arts pottery, he became interested in presenting device performance art . [1] [2]
Gates is the founder and artist Ddirector of the Rebuild Foundation, a nonprofit focused on cultural-driven redevelopment and affordable space initiatives in under-resourced communities. Under Gates' leadership, the Rebuild Foundation Currently beheerd projects in the Greater Grand Crossing neighborhood of Chicago. Rebuild RECEIVED official 501 (c) 3 status in December 2010. [3] Program sites include the Stony Island Arts Bank, the Black Cinema House, the Dorchester Art + Housing Collaborative, Archive House and Listening House. [4]
For the Dorchester Projects, one or Rebuild's Foundation's most celebrated works, have restored vacant buildings and turned Them JSON cultural institutions with artifacts from the South Side. Gates's Rebuild Foundation has renovated two houses on Dorchester Avenue, now called the Archive House and The Nightmare House. In 2013, he PURCHASED the Stony Island State Savings Bank from the city of Chicago. [1] The Archive House holds 14,000 architecture books from a bookshop closed. [5] The Nightmare House holds 8,000 records PURCHASED at the closing or Dr. Wax Records. [6] The Stony Island Savings Bank now known as the Stony Island Arts Bank contains the book collection of John H. Johnson, founder of Ebony and Jet magazines; the record collection of Frankie Knuckles, the godfather of house music; and slides of the University of Chicago and Art Institute of Chicago's collections. [7] In 2015, his Stony Island work was included in the inaugural Chicago Architecture Biennial . [8]
University of Chicago Arts and Public Life Initiative
Since 2011, Gates has leg the director of Arts and Public Life at the University of Chicago . In this role, he oversees staff at the Arts Incubator in Washington Park and the Reva and David Logan Center for the Arts, a wide network of resident and visiting artists (including current and former participants in our residency program), community participants, programmatic partners , and friends. [9] Gates have been killed the leader of the Place Lab, a partnership tussen Arts + Public Life and the Harris School of Public Policy , welke is working to design and implement new approaches to urban development. The Place Lab partners with the demonstration cities or Gary, Akron, Detroit, and other Knight Foundation communities. [10]
Other Exhibitions and Performances
In January 2014 he designed a million dollar installation for the Southside's Ninety-Fifth Street subway terminal. It is the Toilets public art project in the history of the Chicago Transit Authority . [1] He was a participant at the 2012 Documenta (13) art show in Kassel , Germany , the 2010 Whitney Biennial in New York, [11] the Milwaukee Art Museum in 2010, the 2010 Art Chicago fair. [12] He was included in "Hand + Made: The performative Impulse in Art and Craft" at the Contemporary Arts Museum Houston , and in 2013 had a solo show, 13th Ballad , at the Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago . [13] Gates is represented by Regen Projects or Los Angeles and White Cube , London. [14] On May 30, 2014, Gates and jazz pianist Jason Moran led a one-time performance at the entitled Looks or a Lot as part of the "Symphony Center Presents Jazz" series and the Chicago Symphony Orchestra's "Truth to Power Festival. "
In October 2015, he created an installation at Temple Church, Bristol , England . Built in co-operation with zijn owner English Heritage , "Sanctum" will bieden a venue with 24 hours of music and performance over 24 days, in a performance event funded by Arts Council England and developed as part of Bristol 2015 Green Capital. [15]
2012 – Fellow of United States Artists [16]
2012 – "Innovator of the Year" by the Wall Street Journal [17]
2012 – # 56 in ArtReview list of the hundred musts powerful people in the art world
2013 – Inaugural Award of The Vera List Center for Art and Politics [18]
2014 – # 44 on Art Review's Power 100
2015 – £ 40,000 Artes Mundi award in Cardiff , Wales [19]
2015 – Honorary Doctorate of Fine Arts from San Francisco Art Institute
2016 – Kurt Schwitter Prize [20]
^ Jump up to:a b c d John Colapinto (2014-01-20). "The real-estate Artist: High-Concept Renewal on the South Side." The New Yorker .
Jump up^ "Theaster Gates" . Theaster Gates . Retrieved 2012-02-17 .
Jump up^ "Rebuild's Story" . Rebuild Foundation . Retrieved 2016-02-13 .
Jump up^ "Sites – Rebuild Foundation" . rebuild-foundation.org . Retrieved 2016-02-13 .
Jump up^ Crow, Kelly. "The Artist Next Door" . Wall Street Journal . Wall Street Journal . Retrieved July 13, 2015 .
Jump up^ McDonough, Tom. "Theaster Gates" . BOMB Magazine . BOMB Magazine . Retrieved July 13, 2015 .
Jump up^ Harris, Melissa. "First look inside Theaster Gates' new Stony Island Arts Bank" . Retrieved October 16, 2015 .
Jump up^ Heyman, Stephen (November 29, 2015). "Inside Chicago's Amazing First Architecture Biennial – Vogue" . Vogue .
Jump up^ "Who are we? | UChicago Arts | The University of Chicago" . arts.uchicago.edu . Retrieved 2016-02-13 .
Jump up^ "About" . Place Lab . Retrieved 2016-02-13 .
Jump up^ "Whitney Museum of American Art: Theaster Gates" . Whitney.org. 2009-10-30 . Retrieved 2012-02-17 .
Jump up^ Rachel Wolff. "Theaster Gates Jr. shakes up his hometown art fair – Chicago Magazine – May 2010 – Chicago" . Chicagomag.com . Retrieved 2012-02-17 .
Jump up^ "MCA – Exhibitions: Theaster Gates: 13th Ballad" . mcachicago.org . Retrieved 2016-02-13 .
Jump up^ "Theaster Gates" . White Cube.
Jump up^ "Temple Church ruins turned in to Bristol's latest 24 hour music venue" . Bristol Post . October 29, 2015.
Jump up^ "Theaster Gates – Fello Profile" . United States Artists.
Jump up^ Crow, Kelly. "The Artist Next Door" . Wall Street Journal . ISSN 0099-9660 . Retrieved 2016-02-13 .
Jump up^ "Theaster Gates" . Vera List Center.
Jump up^ "Artes Mundi winner Theaster Gates to share prize money" . BBC News . January 23, 2015 . Retrieved 2015-02-24 .
Jump up^ Anny Shaw (April 12, 2016),Theaster Gates profit Germany's Kurt Schwitters Prize The Art Newspaper .
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Syllabus for LS 140
Rousseau on Property and Inequality
Click here for article about Eve Online
Karl Marx - The Communist Manifesto
J.S. Mill - Principles of Political Economy
George - Progress and Poverty
George - Ode to Liberty
Decision in the Barry Bonds 73rd case
Dawes Act
Somerset v. Stewart
Bryan v. Walton
State v. Mann
State v. Boyce
Veblen - Theory of the Leisure Class
Carol Rose, "Property Law and the Rise, Life, and Demise of Racially Restrictive Covenants
Mark Roe's Backlash
John Cassady review of Thomas Piketty Capital in the Twenty-first Century
Dan Ariely Ted Talk
Dan Pink
Pennsylvania Coal
Just v. Marinette
Kelo v. New London
The New Property - Read pp 771-774
Goldberg v. Kelly
Lessig Remix - Link to Book online
Denver's Road Home Program
Lessig's Free Culture - Read Chap. 5
GOLDBERG v. KELLY, 397 U.S. 254 (1970)
GOLDBERG, COMMISSIONER OF SOCIAL SERVICES OF THE CITY OF
NEW YORK v. KELLY ET AL.
APPEAL FROM THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK No. 62.
Argued October 13, 1969
Decided March 23, 1970
Appellees are New York City residents receiving financial aid under the federally assisted Aid to Families with Dependent Children program or under New York State's general Home Relief program who allege that officials administering these programs terminated, or were about to terminate, such aid without prior notice and hearing, thereby denying them due process of law. The District Court held that only a pre-termination evidentiary hearing would satisfy the constitutional command, and rejected the argument of the welfare officials that the combination of the existing post-termination "fair hearing" and informal pre-termination review was sufficient.
MR. JUSTICE BRENNAN delivered the opinion of the Court.
The question for decision is whether a State that terminates public assistance payments to a particular recipient without affording him the opportunity for an evidentiary hearing prior to termination denies the recipient procedural due process in violation of the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.
The constitutional issue to be decided, therefore, is the narrow one whether the Due Process Clause requires that the recipient be afforded an evidentiary hearing before the termination of benefits. The District Court held that only a pre-termination evidentiary hearing would satisfy the constitutional command, and rejected the argument of the state and city officials that the combination of the post-termination "fair hearing" with the informal pre-termination review disposed of all due process claims. The court said: "While post-termination review is relevant, there is one overpowering fact which controls here. By hypothesis, a welfare recipient is destitute, without funds or assets. . . . Suffice it to say that to cut off a welfare recipient in the face of . . . `brutal need' without a prior hearing of some sort is unconscionable, unless overwhelming considerations justify it." Kelly v. Wyman, 294 F. Supp. 893, 899, 900 (1968).
Appellant does not contend that procedural due process is not applicable to the termination of welfare benefits. Such benefits are a matter of statutory entitlement for persons qualified to receive them. Their termination involves state action that adjudicates important rights. The constitutional challenge cannot be answered by an argument that public assistance benefits are "a `privilege' and not a `right.'" Shapiro v. Thompson, 394 U.S. 618, 627 n. 6 (1969). Relevant constitutional restraints apply as much to the withdrawal of public assistance benefits as to disqualification for unemployment compensation, Sherbert v. Verner, 374 U.S. 398 (1963); or to denial of a tax exemption, Speiser v. Randall, 357 U.S. 513 (1958); or to discharge from public employment, Slochower v. Board of Higher Education, 350 U.S. 551 (1956). 9 The extent to which procedural due process must be afforded the recipient is influenced by the extent to which he may be "condemned to suffer grievous loss," Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee v. McGrath, 341 U.S. 123, 168 (1951) (Frankfurter, J., concurring), and depends upon whether the recipient's interest in avoiding that loss outweighs the governmental interest in summary adjudication. Accordingly, as we said in Cafeteria & Restaurant Workers Union v. McElroy, 367 U.S. 886, 895 (1961), "consideration of what procedures due process may require under any given set of circumstances must begin with a determination of the precise nature of the government function involved as well as of the private interest that has been affected by governmental action." See also Hannah v. Larche, 363 U.S. 420, 440 , 442 (1960).
It is true, of course, that some governmental benefits may be administratively terminated without affording the recipient a pre-termination evidentiary hearing. But we agree with the District Court that when welfare is discontinued, only a pre-termination evidentiary hearing provides the recipient with procedural due process. Cf. Sniadach v. Family Finance Corp., 395 U.S. 337 (1969). For qualified recipients, welfare provides the means to obtain essential food, clothing, housing, and medical care. 11 Cf. Nash v. Florida Industrial Commission, 389 U.S. 235, 239 (1967). Thus the crucial factor in this context - a factor not present in the case of the blacklisted government contractor, the discharged government employee, the taxpayer denied a tax exemption, or virtually anyone else whose governmental entitlements are ended - is that termination of aid pending resolution of a controversy over eligibility may deprive an eligible recipient of the very means by which to live while he waits. Since he lacks independent resources, his situation becomes immediately desperate. His need to concentrate upon finding the means for daily subsistence, in turn, adversely affects his ability to seek redress from the welfare bureaucracy. 12
Moreover, important governmental interests are promoted by affording recipients a pre-termination evidentiary hearing. From its founding the Nation's basic commitment has been to foster the dignity and well-being of all persons within its borders. We have come to recognize that forces not within the control of the poor contribute to their poverty. 13 This perception, against the background of our traditions, has significantly influenced the development of the contemporary public assistance system. Welfare, by meeting the basic demands of subsistence, can help bring within the reach of the poor the same opportunities that are available to others to participate meaningfully in the life of the community. At the same time, welfare guards against the societal malaise that may flow from a widespread sense of unjustified frustration and insecurity. Public assistance, then, is not mere charity, but a means to "promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity." The same governmental interests that counsel the provision of welfare, counsel as well its uninterrupted provision to those eligible to receive it; pre-termination evidentiary hearings are indispensable to that end.
Appellant does not challenge the force of these considerations but argues that they are outweighed by countervailing governmental interests in conserving fiscal and administrative resources. These interests, the argument goes, justify the delay of any evidentiary hearing until after discontinuance of the grants. Summary adjudication protects the public fisc by stopping payments promptly upon discovery of reason to believe that a recipient is no longer eligible. Since most terminations are accepted without challenge, summary adjudication also conserves both the fisc and administrative time and energy by reducing the number of evidentiary hearings actually held.
We agree with the District Court, however, that these governmental interests are not overriding in the welfare context. The requirement of a prior hearing doubtless involves some greater expense, and the benefits paid to ineligible recipients pending decision at the hearing probably cannot be recouped, since these recipients are likely to be judgment-proof. But the State is not without weapons to minimize these increased costs. Much of the drain on fiscal and administrative resources can be reduced by developing procedures for prompt pre-termination hearings and by skillful use of personnel and facilities. Indeed, the very provision for a post-termination evidentiary hearing in New York's Home Relief program is itself cogent evidence that the State recognizes the primacy of the public interest in correct eligibility determinations and therefore in the provision of procedural safeguards. Thus, the interest of the eligible recipient in uninterrupted receipt of public assistance, coupled with the State's interest that his payments not be erroneously terminated, clearly outweighs the State's competing concern to prevent any increase in its fiscal and administrative burdens. As the District Court correctly concluded, "[t]he stakes are simply too high for the welfare recipient, and the possibility for honest error or irritable misjudgment too great, to allow termination of aid without giving the recipient a chance, if he so desires, to be fully informed of the case against him so that he may contest its basis and produce evidence in rebuttal." 294 F. Supp., at 904-905.
We also agree with the District Court, however, that the pre-termination hearing need not take the form of a judicial or quasi-judicial trial. We bear in mind that the statutory "fair hearing" will provide the recipient with a full administrative review. Accordingly, the pre-termination hearing has one function only: to produce an initial determination of the validity of the welfare department's grounds for discontinuance of payments in order to protect a recipient against an erroneous termination of his benefits. Cf. Sniadach v. Family Finance Corp., 395 U.S. 337, 343 (1969) (HARLAN, J., concurring). Thus, a complete record and a comprehensive opinion, which would serve primarily to facilitate judicial review and to guide future decisions, need not be provided at the pre-termination stage. We recognize, too, that both welfare authorities and recipients have an interest in relatively speedy resolution of questions of eligibility, that they are used to dealing with one another informally, and that some welfare departments have very burdensome caseloads. These considerations justify the limitation of the pre-termination hearing to minimum procedural safeguards, adapted to the particular characteristics of welfare recipients, and to the limited nature of the controversies to be resolved.
The city's procedures presently do not permit recipients to appear personally with or without counsel before the official who finally determines continued eligibility. Thus a recipient is not permitted to present evidence to that official orally, or to confront or cross-examine adverse witnesses. These omissions are fatal to the constitutional adequacy of the procedures.
The opportunity to be heard must be tailored to the capacities and circumstances of those who are to be heard. It is not enough that a welfare recipient may present his position to the decision maker in writing or secondhand through his caseworker. Written submissions are an unrealistic option for most recipients, who lack the educational attainment necessary to write effectively and who cannot obtain professional assistance. Moreover, written submissions do not afford the flexibility of oral presentations; they do not permit the recipient to mold his argument to the issues the decision maker appears to regard as important. Particularly where credibility and veracity are at issue, as they must be in many termination proceedings, written submissions are a wholly unsatisfactory basis for decision. The secondhand presentation to the decisionmaker by the caseworker has its own deficiencies; since the caseworker usually gathers the facts upon which the charge of ineligibility rests, the presentation of the recipient's side of the controversy cannot safely be left to him. Therefore a recipient must be allowed to state his position orally. Informal procedures will suffice; in this context due process does not require a particular order of proof or mode of offering evidence. Cf. HEW Handbook, pt. IV, 6400 (a).
In almost every setting where important decisions turn on questions of fact, due process requires an opportunity to confront and cross-examine adverse witnesses.
Welfare recipients must therefore be given an opportunity to confront and cross-examine the witnesses relied on by the department.
"The right to be heard would be, in many cases, of little avail if it did not comprehend the right to be heard by counsel." Powell v. Alabama, 287 U.S. 45, 68 -69 (1932). We do not say that counsel must be provided at the pre-termination hearing, but only that the recipient must be allowed to retain an attorney if he so desires. Counsel can help delineate the issues, present the factual contentions in an orderly manner, conduct cross-examination, and generally safeguard the [397 U.S. 254, 271] interests of the recipient. We do not anticipate that this assistance will unduly prolong or otherwise encumber the hearing. Evidently HEW has reached the same conclusion. See 45 CFR 205.10, 34 Fed. Reg. 1144 (1969); 45 CFR 220.25, 34 Fed. Reg. 13595 (1969).
Finally, the decisionmaker's conclusion as to a recipient's eligibility must rest solely on the legal rules and evidence adduced at the hearing. Ohio Bell Tel. Co. v. PUC, 301 U.S. 292 (1937); United States v. Abilene & S. R. Co., 265 U.S. 274, 288 -289 (1924). To demonstrate compliance with this elementary requirement, the decision maker should state the reasons for his determination and indicate the evidence he relied on, cf. Wichita R. & Light Co. v. PUC, 260 U.S. 48, 57 -59 (1922), though his statement need not amount to a full opinion or even formal findings of fact and conclusions of law. And, of course, an impartial decision maker is essential. Cf. In re Murchison, 349 U.S. 133 (1955); Wong Yang Sung v. McGrath, 339 U.S. 33, 45 -46 (1950). We agree with the District Court that prior involvement in some aspects of a case will not necessarily bar a welfare official from acting as a decision maker. He should not, however, have participated in making the determination under review.
MR. JUSTICE BLACK, dissenting.
In the last half century the United States, along with many, perhaps most, other nations of the world, has moved far toward becoming a welfare state, that is, a nation that for one reason or another taxes its most affluent people to help support, feed, clothe, and shelter its less fortunate citizens. The result is that today more than nine million men, women, and children in the United States receive some kind of state or federally financed public assistance in the form of allowances or gratuities, generally paid them periodically, usually by the week, month, or quarter. Since these gratuities are paid on the basis of need, the list of recipients is not static, and some people go off the lists and others are added from time to time. These ever-changing lists put a constant administrative burden on government and it certainly could not have reasonably anticipated that this burden would include the additional procedural expense imposed by the Court today.
The dilemma of the ever-increasing poor in the midst of constantly growing affluence presses upon us and must inevitably be met within the framework of our democratic constitutional government, if our system is to survive as such. It was largely to escape just such pressing economic problems and attendant government repression that people from Europe, Asia, and other areas settled this country and formed our Nation. Many of those settlers had personally suffered from persecutions of various kinds and wanted to get away from governments that had unrestrained powers to make life miserable for their citizens. It was for this reason, or so I believe, that on reaching these new lands the early settlers undertook to curb their governments by confining their powers within written boundaries, which eventually became written constitutions. They wrote their basic charters as nearly as men's collective wisdom could do so as to proclaim to their people and their officials an emphatic command that: "Thus far and no farther shall you go; and where we neither delegate powers to you, nor prohibit your exercise of them, we the people are left free."
Representatives of the people of the Thirteen Original Colonies spent long, hot months in the summer of 1787 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, creating a government of limited powers. They divided it into three departments - Legislative, Judicial, and Executive. The Judicial Department was to have no part whatever in making any laws. In fact proposals looking to vesting some power in the Judiciary to take part in the legislative process and veto laws were offered, considered, and rejected by the Constitutional Convention. 4 In my judgment there is not one word, phrase, or sentence from the beginning to the end of the Constitution from which it can be inferred that judges were granted any such legislative power. True, Marbury v. Madison, 1 Cranch 137 (1803), held, and properly, I think, that courts must be the final interpreters of the Constitution, and I recognize that the holding can provide an opportunity to slide imperceptibly into constitutional amendment and law making. But when federal judges use this judicial power for legislative purposes, I think they wander out of their field of vested powers and transgress into the area constitutionally assigned to the Congress and the people. That is precisely what I believe the Court is doing in this case. Hence my dissent.
The more than a million names on the relief rolls in New York, 5 and the more than nine million names on the rolls of all the 50 States were not put there at random. The names are there because state welfare officials believed that those people were eligible for assistance. Probably in the officials' haste to make out the lists many names were put there erroneously in order to alleviate immediate suffering, and undoubtedly some people are drawing relief who are not entitled under the law to do so. Doubtless some draw relief checks from time to time who know they are not eligible, either because they are not actually in need or for some other reason. Many of those who thus draw undeserved gratuities are without sufficient property to enable the government to collect back from them any money they wrongfully receive. But the Court today holds that it would violate the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to stop paying those people weekly or monthly allowances unless the government first affords them a full "evidentiary hearing" even though welfare officials are persuaded that the recipients are not rightfully entitled to receive a penny under the law. In other words, although some recipients might be on the lists for payment wholly because of deliberate fraud on their part, the Court holds that the government is helpless and must continue, until after an evidentiary hearing, to pay money that it does not owe, never has owed, and never could owe. I do not believe there is any provision in our Constitution that should thus paralyze the government's efforts to protect itself against making payments to people who are not entitled to them.
Particularly do I not think that the Fourteenth Amendment should be given such an unnecessarily broad construction. That Amendment came into being primarily to protect Negroes from discrimination, and while some of its language can and does protect others, all know that the chief purpose behind it was to protect ex-slaves. Cf. Adamson v. California, 332 U.S. 46, 71 -72, and n. 5 (1947) (dissenting opinion). The Court, however, relies upon the Fourteenth Amendment and in effect says that failure of the government to pay a promised charitable installment to an individual deprives that individual of his own property, in violation of the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. It somewhat strains credulity to say that the government's promise of charity to an individual is property belonging to that individual when the government denies that the individual is honestly entitled to receive such a payment.
I would have little, if any, objection to the majority's decision in this case if it were written as the report of the House Committee on Education and Labor, but as an opinion ostensibly resting on the language of the Constitution I find it woefully deficient. Once the verbiage is pared away it is obvious that this Court today adopts the views of the District Court "that to cut off a welfare recipient in the face of . . . `brutal need' without a prior hearing of some sort is unconscionable," and therefore, says the Court, unconstitutional. The majority reaches this result by a process of weighing "the recipient's interest in avoiding" the termination of welfare benefits against "the governmental interest in summary adjudication." Ante, at 263. Today's balancing act requires a "pre-termination evidentiary hearing," yet there is nothing that indicates what tomorrow's balance will be. Although the majority attempts to bolster its decision with limited quotations from prior cases, it is obvious that today's result does not depend on the language of the Constitution itself or the principles of other decisions, but solely on the collective judgment of the majority as to what would be a fair and humane procedure in this case.
This decision is thus only another variant of the view often expressed by some members of this Court that the Due Process Clause forbids any conduct that a majority of the Court believes "unfair," "indecent," or "shocking to their consciences." See, e. g., Rochin v. California, 342 U.S. 165, 172 (1952). Neither these words nor any like them appear anywhere in the Due Process Clause. If they did, they would leave the majority of Justices free to hold any conduct unconstitutional that they should conclude on their own to be unfair or shocking to them. 6 Had the drafters of the Due Process Clause meant to leave judges such ambulatory power to declare laws unconstitutional, the chief value of a written constitution, as the Founders saw it, would have been lost. In fact, if that view of due process is correct, the Due Process Clause could easily swallow up all other parts of the Constitution. And truly the Constitution would always be "what the judges say it is" at a given moment, not what the Founders wrote into the document. 7 A written constitution, designed to guarantee protection against governmental abuses, including those of judges, must have written standards that mean something definite and have an explicit content. I regret very much to be compelled to say that the Court today makes a drastic and dangerous departure from a Constitution written to control and limit the government and the judges and moves toward a constitution designed to be no more and no less than what the judges of a particular social and economic philosophy declare on the one hand to be fair or on the other hand to be shocking and unconscionable.
The procedure required today as a matter of constitutional law finds no precedent in our legal system. Reduced to its simplest terms, the problem in this case is similar to that frequently encountered when two parties have an ongoing legal relationship that requires one party to make periodic payments to the other. Often the situation arises where the party "owing" the money stops paying it and justifies his conduct by arguing that the recipient is not legally entitled to payment. The recipient can, of course, disagree and go to court to compel payment. But I know of no situation in our legal system in which the person alleged to owe money to another is required by law to continue making payments to a judgment-proof claimant without the benefit of any security or bond to insure that these payments can be recovered if he wins his legal argument. Yet today's decision in no way obligates the welfare recipient to pay back any benefits wrongfully received during the pre-termination evidentiary hearings or post any bond, and in all "fairness" it could not do so. These recipients are by definition too poor to post a bond or to repay the benefits that, as the majority assumes, must be spent as received to insure survival.
The Court apparently feels that this decision will benefit the poor and needy. In my judgment the eventual result will be just the opposite. While today's decision requires only an administrative, evidentiary hearing, the inevitable logic of the approach taken will lead to constitutionally imposed, time-consuming delays of a full adversary process of administrative and judicial review. In the next case the welfare recipients are bound to argue that cutting off benefits before judicial review of the agency's decision is also a denial of due process. Since, by hypothesis, termination of aid at that point may still "deprive an eligible recipient of the very means by which to live while he waits," ante, at 264, I would be surprised if the weighing process did not compel the conclusion that termination without full judicial review would be unconscionable. After all, at each step, as the majority seems to feel, the issue is only one of weighing the government's pocketbook against the actual survival of the recipient, and surely that balance must always tip in favor of the individual. Similarly today's decision requires only the opportunity to have the benefit of counsel at the administrative hearing, but it is difficult to believe that the same reasoning process would not require the appointment of counsel, for otherwise the right to counsel is a meaningless one since these people are too poor to hire their own advocates. Cf. Gideon v. Wainwright, 372 U.S. 335, 344 (1963). Thus the end result of today's decision may well be that the government, once it decides to give welfare benefits, cannot reverse that decision until the recipient has had the benefits of full administrative and judicial review, including, of course, the opportunity to present his case to this Court. Since this process will usually entail a delay of several years, the inevitable result of such a constitutionally imposed burden will be that the government will not put a claimant on the rolls initially until it has made an exhaustive investigation to determine his eligibility. While this Court will perhaps have insured that no needy person will be taken off the rolls without a full "due process" proceeding, it will also have insured that many will never get on the rolls, or at least that they will remain destitute during the lengthy proceedings followed to determine initial eligibility.
For the foregoing reasons I dissent from the Court's holding. The operation of a welfare state is a new experiment for our Nation. For this reason, among others, I feel that new experiments in carrying out a welfare program should not be frozen into our constitutional structure. They should be left, as are other legislative determinations, to the Congress and the legislatures that the people elect to make our laws.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Teamsters at the City of Rancho Cucamonga's Department of Public Works overwhelmingly voted to ratify a new contract on February 4, averting a possible strike. The one-year contract secures the approximately 100 employees in the Department their first true raise in almost 8 years and as well as significant improvements to the grievance procedure.
The workers perform daily maintenance of City streets, facilities, parks, and even community spaces at Victoria Gardens shopping center. The group worked hard to stand together during a yearlong negotiating process. The members went on to authorize a strike if needed in July 2018. Ultimately, Teamsters Local 1932, at the negotiating table secured a fair deal on January 30, 2019, and the now-ratified agreement will go to the Rancho Cucamonga City Council for approval on February 20.


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'It is not right, it is not fair': Mayor John Tory slams Doug Ford's plan to cut Toronto city council in half
'What we don't need is change being rammed down our throats without a single second of public consultation and on top of that done in the middle of election period'
Shawn Jeffords
Jul 27, 2018 • Last Updated July 28, 2018 • 3 minute read
Premier Doug Ford and Mayor John Tory clashed over Ford's announcement of cutting Toronto city council by nearly half. Photo by Veronica Henri/Postmedia; David Able/Postmedia
TORONTO — Ontario's new premier plans to significantly reduce the number of Toronto city councillors just months before the fall municipal election, a move he says will boost government efficiency and cut waste.
Doug Ford says his government will introduce legislation to cut the number of seats from 47 to 25, aligning city wards with federal ridings.
The deadline for candidates to register for the municipal election was Friday afternoon but the government said it will extend that to September.
Ford says having fewer city councillors "will dramatically improve the decision-making process at Toronto City Hall" and save taxpayers $25 million.
Sorry, there appears to be an issue loading this element.
Asked why he didn't campaign on the plan or hold public consultations on it, Ford said he heard from thousands of people while canvassing this spring that they want a smaller government.
"There isn't too many people that I know that wouldn't want to trade in a bunch of politicians for $25 million," Ford said. "People don't care about politicians, they care about getting things done."
Ford's move was pre-emptively panned by Toronto Mayor John Tory, who said in a news conference earlier Friday morning that the process around the plan is "absolutely not right." The mayor said he'll propose a referendum on the issue.
"The question can be very simply: 'Do you support reducing the size of the council from 47 to 25.' It's not so much the question that matters, as there will be public consultation. We will live with the result, whatever it is, but it will be the people who choose," Tory said.
"I read news reports last night about changes that are being made to Toronto, the largest city in the country. I then spoke to Premier Doug Ford and told him in no uncertain terms that the process around this change is not right," Tory said at a press conference. "I welcome a discussion on how our city is government…. This matter was not discussed."
Chris Selley: Ford-brand chaos hits Ontario, and the premier brings it back to Toronto city hall too
Christie Blatchford: Cutting Toronto city council down to size is a much-needed jolt to democracy
'The province holds all the cards': Little Toronto can do to stop Doug Ford from slashing city council
Reports of the changes coming to council came on the eve of a deadline for candidates to register for the municipal election on Oct. 22.
"I am a lawyer, and the City of Toronto Act creates the city as an entity…. It is a creation of the province. I do understand that, whether I like it or not, that the province has a very large latitude to do as it wishes.
"What we don't need is change being rammed down our throats without a single second of public consultation and on top of that done in the middle of an election period. You don't change the rules in the middle of the game, it is not right, it is not fair."
Premier Doug Ford and Mayor John Tory clashed over Ford's announcement of cutting Toronto city council by nearly half. Photo by Veronica Henri/Postmedia; David Able/Postmedia
Some councillors echoed Tory's opposition to the provincial plan and said they hoped the mayor would push back.
Calling Ford's plan "an affront to our democracy," Coun. Kristyn Wong-Tam urged the mayor to challenge it in the courts.
"I think the mayor needs to defend our city and our democracy and that's what I'm looking for from him," she said.
Coun. John Campbell said slashing council nearly in half would reduce oversight of municipal boards and commissions.
"If you reduce councillors to 25, all of a sudden you lose that connection with the electorate and in the end the public is the loser, and they're going to feel it right away," he said.
Ontario Premier Doug Ford makes an announcement at Queen's Park in Toronto, on Friday, July 27, 2018. Photo by Christopher Katsarov/CP
Others expressed support for a smaller municipal government, arguing it would cut costs and help council reach decisions faster.
"The only thing we do upstairs in that chamber is everybody gets up and just wants to talk. When you have 25 people there's more cohesion, you'll move faster on things. That's why I'm supportive of this," Coun. Jim Karygiannis said.
Ford also said he will cancel planned elections for regional chair positions in more than two Greater Toronto Area communities, including Peel Region and York Region.
Former Ontario Progressive Conservative leader Patrick Brown, whose resignation this winter paved the way for Ford to take over the party, is running for the Peel seat, while former Liberal cabinet minister Steven Del Duca is a candidate in York.
With files from Alanna Rizza and the National Post's Devika Desai
View on National Post
© 2021 National Post, a division of Postmedia Network Inc. All rights reserved. Unauthorized distribution, transmission or republication strictly prohibited. 365 Bloor St East, Toronto, ON, M4W3L4, www.postmedia.com


Number of agricultural tractors reached 239 '000 in 2007 in Mexico, according to Faostat. This is 2.01 % less than in the previous year.
Historically, number of agricultural tractors in Mexico reached an all time high of 317 '000 in 1991 and an all time low of 56.0 '000 in 1961.
Mexico has been ranked 7th within the group of 48 countries we follow in terms of number of agricultural tractors, 13 places above the position seen 10 years ago.


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Japanese Collector's Boards
Firearms Of The Rising Sun
Enola Gay to fly again!
Posts by Petro_58
Petro_58
Yes it was an April fools Joke. Total HOAX. O'well
"The ignorance of one voter in a democracy impairs the security of all."
"The strongest reason for the people to retain the right to keep and bear arms
is, as a last resort, to protect themselves against tyranny in government."
It seems this Thread has gotten way Off Topic but to keep your Quotes from General Sherman correct the quote is "If the people raise a howl against my barbarity and cruelty, I will answer that war is war, and not popularity-seeking." He was much more destructive in South Carolina than in Georgia, and in fact Loved Savannah and had no wish to destroy Georgia but to do whatever it takes to end the Carnage. When Ordered to do what was necisarry to bring an end to the war he did just that and what was needed. His quote says it all. I am not a great fan of his but I feel that given the broad hand he was, he performed exactly what he was Ordered to do. He broke the back of the Confederacy and helped end the war. If more wars were fought this way without the Politicians getting in the way, most would not last long!
Geokop May 9, 2010


Over the past several decades, quantum information science has emerged to seek answers to the question: can we gain some advantage by storing, transmitting and processing information encoded in systems that exhibit unique quantum properties? Today it is understood that the answer is yes, and many research groups around the world are working towards the highly ambitious technological goal of building a quantum computer, which would dramatically improve computational power for particular tasks. A number of physical systems, spanning much of modern physics, are being developed for quantum computation. However, it remains unclear which technology, if any, will ultimately prove successful. Here we describe the latest developments for each of the leading approaches and explain the major challenges for the future.
We thank R. Hanson, M. D. Lukin, and W. D. Oliver for comments. We acknowledge support from NSF, EPSRC, QIP IRC, IARPA, ERC, the Leverhulme Trust, CREST-JST, DFG, BMBF and Landesstiftung BW. J.L.O'B. acknowledges a Royal Society Wolfson Merit Award.
Author Contributions All authors contributed to all aspects of this work.
Present address: HRL Laboratories, LLC, 3011 Malibu Canyon Road, Malibu, California 90265, USA.
Correspondence to J. L. O'Brien.
With basic information processing units (qubits) governed by the exotic phenomena of quantum mechanics, quantum computers have the potential to be far better at performing certain calculations than today's computers using conventional 'bits'. That said, it's far from clear what technology practical quantum computers — if and when they arrive — will use. In an extensive review, six researchers from major labs in the field describe the latest work on the hardware for quantum information systems. Current materials are compared — including the nuclear spins of donor atoms in doped silicon, electron spins in gallium arsenide and nitrogen-vacancy centres in diamond — and the materials that are yet to come are speculated upon.


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Solenosmilia is a genus of small corals in the family Caryophylliidae.

Species
The World Register of Marine Species includes the following species in the genus :

Solenosmilia australis Cairns & Polonio, 2013
Solenosmilia variabilis Duncan, 1873

References

Caryophylliidae
Scleractinia genera

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Posted by SANCHOBOOTS MILAN CLASSIC 03/09/2014 Cowboy, Music, Sancho Boots	2 Comments
We met Paula Rojo in the first edition of La Voz en España, a television program whose format had already triumphed in other countries and which also did so here.
The philosophy of La Voz was to find new artists and singers looking only at their Voice. This meant that the possibilities for some were greater and for others smaller, since one could not see their personal style, their image or their way of communicating with the public or moving around the stage; but without a doubt it was the fairest way, since all were valued by their Voice.
Paula Rojo was not only the contestant who conquered the jury with her sweet voice and her ukulele but she was the singer who from her first performance made the whole audience excited , including me, by listening to the song she had composed for her little brother . A song full of sweetness, affection, love and much truth.
It is today writing these lines and it still makes a small lump in my throat, because every time I hear it I can't help but feel that feeling of love (towards my children or my brother with whom I have also spent many years). And it is that she expresses so well that feeling of love at first sight when you see a "little thing" so small that it becomes the center of your life, the first advances, the games, as she begins to speak, as that person is at all the important moments.
Paula also conquered us for her style of dressing, so personal, sweet and at the same time for feeling proud of liking a type of music that is far from what the great masses prefer.
And this is what makes it special, such a personal decision for country-pop music, a genre little cultivated in Spain, but that Paula will bring us closer in each of the songs of her first album ÉRASE UN SUEÑO.
On this very special journey through his songs, we can see how he tells us many personal stories, lived with his friends and family, in his homeland, at his holiday resort or on trips to London and other places where he practiced languages.
Una joven que en su corta andadura a nivel musical está demostrando ser una chica muy normal, humilde, divertida, solidaria y sobre todo amiga de sus amig@s y atenta y cariñosa con todo el mundo.
The album is being a resounding success, not only among his many followers, but also on television, as we should not forget that his song "Si me voy" was the soundtrack chosen by the Master Chef Junior program. A song to the rhythm of Country in which its percussion makes us evoke the sound of the horses riding.
This theme was also used to hold a solidarity meeting at the Las Teresianas school in Oviedo, where the children paid for the "glass of solidarity" of juice in favour of Manos Unidas. With that glass they would then make the percussion of Paula's song; a video that we can enjoy on her facebook.
We will be able to see her in countless concerts throughout Spain accompanied by guitarist Álvaro Bárcena and violinist Silvia Carbajal..
In his album we can find a multitude of stories, perhaps autobiographical, of love and also of lack of love, of friendship and a version of the famous song "Wake me up" to rtimo country, or the song with which he presented himself to the contest of the vos "Chicken fried".
The truth is that if I had to choose between the 16 songs from their first album I wouldn't know which one to choose. "We will travel around the world" is a song that makes me evoke part of my youth, and it is that "I feel that I am no more and no less where I want to be". But"Sounds like a Country" I love it for its rhythm, for the passion I feel for the country world, for the memory of one of the greats of this genre.
Where life sounds like country Where cowboy boots take me to Nashville And that life sounds like country And that when you go back to where you are Run north to south and that sounds like country.
Thanks Paula for this album, congratulations on your success and I am looking forward to your second project which I know is underway.... and those who are sure will come...
Tags: Cowboy boots Boots Sancho Boots Music
EllenScott
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DD Freedish, A free DTH service by Doordarshan Prasar Bharati, which had announced 18th online e-auction for DD Freedish vacant slots.
This e-Auction conducted on 28th November 2014 by Synise Technologies, Pune on behalf of Prasar Bharati. One Hindi movie Channel "B4U Movie Box" already added with EPG name of "Ashirwad Classic".
Here is official press release which was announced.
For more updates of DD Freedish, keep visit Freedish Blog.
please add national geographic and discovery channels.


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Could AI kill the joy of competitive sports and games?
Lee Sedol, former world champion, and legendary Go player today announced his retirement with the quote "Even if I become the No. 1, there is an entity that cannot be defeated".
Is it possible that AIs could kill the joy of competitive games(Go, chess, Dota 2, etc.) or (thinking more futuristic with humanoid AIs) in sports?
What happens if AIs gets better than us at painting and making music. Will we still appreciate it in the same way we do now?
philosophy strong-ai go
Vildemort
VildemortVildemort
$\begingroup$ Hi. This is an interesting question, but you should not ask the question "What do you think...?" but you should try to ask for facts or a logical argument. Anyway, I don't think that AI will kill the joy of competitive games. Many people play go (competitively or not) even though they know they are not the best. If Lee Sedol really retired, it doesn't mean all people will now retire. Moreover, we don't play games only competitively. We are not machines. $\endgroup$ – nbro Nov 30 '19 at 0:30
$\begingroup$ A game playing AI transform the competition towards a higher level. The challenge isn't to play go itself, but the challenge is to write a software which is able to do the task instead of the human. The same can be anticipated for other domains for example in the domain of car driving. We will see in the future or even today some kind of competition between AI experts who are able to write the most advanced computer software. $\endgroup$ – Manuel Rodriguez Nov 30 '19 at 7:52
$\begingroup$ nbro: Yes, agree, I rephrased the question. I know we play games for fun too, but that's why I wrote competetive games. Say, the worlds best player quits because she cannot beat an AI either way. Will the world champion feel like a champion when there is two players better(the quitter and the AI)? Keep in mind, the world champions(of anything) are insanely competetive. Manuel Rodrigues : So you think the competitions will go from playing games to coding agents who play the games? That agents compete for us? $\endgroup$ – Vildemort Nov 30 '19 at 12:09
$\begingroup$ Does the fact that men are better at running 100m sprint race killed the joy of competitive sports (running) in women? $\endgroup$ – Tomasz Bartkowiak Nov 30 '19 at 12:32
$\begingroup$ I have worried this fact a few times ago :/ $\endgroup$ – malioboro Nov 30 '19 at 13:08
Unlikely!
Chess has been "solved" by AI much longer than GO (chess engines even before AI are way too strong for human players) and still people are playing and competing.
Simply put competition and sports live from the human element. Humans competing against each other will still create the same joy for most people regardless of the fact that all involved players might lose against a computer.
Some select individuals on the highest level might be put off by the new reality but it won't be the end of competition.
No human is faster than a car and yet we still celebrate running competitions.
Indeed I think long-term we will gain entertainment by watching different AIs and models compete against each other in chess or Go.
FnguyenFnguyen
The assumption of a Go playing computer program is, that the machine provides an agent who plays the game. Man or machine have to prove inside the same rules of Go that they are able to win the challenge. The idea is, that the Deepmind Go playing engine is a narrow AI which is working inside the environment known as "game of Go".
This assumption has to be questioned if it's true. In most cases, AI game playing agents are more than only a synthetic player but what they are providing instead is a learning environment for humans. From the game of chess this extra feature is known from the past. Most AI chess engines are equal to a computer based training in which the human player learns to improve his chess skills. In the mainstream discussion around AI engines this extra feature is ignored as not relevant. But it has to do with the social implication of an AI software.
In the first case, the AI is simply an agent who fits into an existing game, in the second case, the AI is producing a new kind of game not known before. The hypothesis is, that it's not possible to create a narrow AI Go playing agent, and each attempt in doing so will look like a strong AI in which a human player is put into the social role of learner.
Let us analyze the relationship between Lee Sedol and the Deepmind Alphago team by it's social roles. They aren't playing against each other, but Lee Sedol was embedded in the project. That means, the Alphago software is a computer based training and Lee Sedol is using the software to increase his strength. It makes no sense to rate the strength of a computer based training system but it's the other way around. Different human go players will use the AlphaGo software with a different purpose. Somebody gets bored while other can profit from it.
Manuel RodriguezManuel Rodriguez
Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged philosophy strong-ai go or ask your own question.
How do we create a good agent that does not outperform humans?
How could self-driving cars make ethical decisions about who to kill?
Could AIs self-develop in the future?
Could an AI be sentient?
What could possibly replace artificial intelligence?
How could the "AI in a box experiment" work IRL?
A Twist on the "AI in a box experiment"
Perfect play in information incomplete games
Is there a limit to the increase of intelligence?
What are the common myths associated with Artificial Intelligence?
Is a Strong AI and a captcha the same?


We have a brand new website that is dedicated to the entertainment industry. It has a lot of information about all of our products and is very easy to use.
For those of you who access your client data online, that is still available (exclusively) through zeboray.com.
For those of you who order certificates online, you can continue to use zeboray.com but I recommend you switch over to efilminsurance. While there is no plan to remove that feature from zeboray.com, it could eventually happen as that will probably migrate to a portal site, as we have other specialized sites under construction now.
Yeah, But Did He Get Laid?


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RISSOM TIGERS
STATE CHAMPIONS 1989 - 1990 - 1995 - 1996 - 1997 - 2002 - 2004
STATE RUNNER-UP 1994 - 1998 - 1999 - 2000 - 2001 - 2003 - 2012
NEWS & SCHEDULE
TIGER YOUTH
Benjamin Bradford (HEAD COACH)
Head Coach Benjamin Bradford is a Grissom High School Alumni. Coach Bradford wrestled for Grissom as a student from 2007-2011. After high school, he joined the US Navy as a CTR and was deployed to Misawa, Japan Air Force Base from 2012-2015. While on Misawa AFB he was an assistant wrestling coach at Edgren High School where he was a part of two Far East Championship teams. After leaving the navy in 2015 he attended Calhoun Community College and the University of Alabama in Huntsville on the post 9/11 GI Bill where he obtained an undergraduate degree in history. During his time in college (2015-2019) he was an assistant wrestling coach for Grissom. He took over as head coach after the 2019 season. In his spare time he enjoys playing video games, reading history books, and running.
CHRIS BRINKLEY (ASSISTANT COACH)
Coach Brinkley is the JV/Freshman wrestling coach at Grissom, where he also coaches Freshman Football. Coach Brinkley began his wrestling career in high school at Kecoughtan in Hampton Virginia. He wrestled two years at 185 lbs and two years at Hwt. He was a member of the PWA Freestyle and Greco-Roman teams as well as a member of the Virginia State Freestyle and Greco-Roman teams. After high school Coach Brinkley began his collegiate studies at Christopher Newport University in Newport News, Virginia. He was an assistant wrestling coach for three years and football for four years at his high school alma mater. He left Virginia and headed to Maryland and a job with Young Life. While in Maryland he coached JV football and was an assistant wrestling coach at Kent County High School. Coach Brinkley then journeyed to Huntsville where he received a Bachelor's degree in Secondary Education. He went to work for a local church for several years while obtaining a Master's Degree in Christian Thought. He has been employed as a teacher in the Huntsville City Schools since 2007. He taught for three years at the Fletcher E. Seldon Center before being transferred to Grissom High School. Coach Brinkley has been married to his wonderful wife, Trisha since 1999. They have two wonderful boys, Kaleb and Elijah. "I hope to mentor young men to be contributors to the storied Grissom wrestling program and to the community at large."
© 2020 Grissom Wrestling.


India's Biggest Award Event SIIMA 2018 which is viewed as a South Indian film Industries, is preparing for its seventh version to be hung on 7th and 8th September 2018. The greatest names of the Indian film industry will walk celebrity main street during the current year's South Indian International Movie Awards (SIIMA) in Dubai.
SIIMA-The most impressive and happening night for greatness in silver screen - South is back! The two-day event of the seventh version of SIIMA 2018 will be held in Dubai on seventh and eighth September 2018.
Brinda Prasad, the director of the SIIMA award show affirmed the news of honor occasion as she composed on the official twitter page of SIIMA, "It's that time of the year!!! We are happy to announce that the 7th Edition of SIIMA will be held in Dubai on 7th & 8th September. #SIIMA2018 #PantaloonsSIIMA @siima."
The main day of SIIMA is devoted to Telugu and Kannada film ventures, while Malayalam and Tamil movies will get the respect on the second day.
The two-day occasion SIIMA unites four South Indian film industries like Telugu, Tamil, Kannada and Malayalam, Many temporary fads from all the South Indian film enterprises are relied upon to go to the event.


Budja Budja is the Traditional Aboriginal name for Halls Gap. The Clinic is located in the heart of the Gariwerd/Grampians National Park, in Country shared by Djab Wurrung and Jardwadjali Traditional Owner Groups.
The Cooperative is an initiative of the local Djab Wurrung Aboriginal Community and services the region encompassing Ararat, Stawell, Halls Gap and Gariwerd, Dunkeld, Mortlake, Dadswell Bridge and St Arnaud and all areas in-between.
Budja Budja is an Accredited Medical Clinic and the only primary health care, GP and community health facility in Halls Gap and surrounds. It is highly valued by the whole community across Budja's Health Service region.
The Cooperative operates from a refurbished modern facility in Halls Gap that assists in ensuring the delivery of culturally safe services in a welcoming environment and is open for all.
The clinic is staffed by our very professional, friendly and helpful staff, including GPs and four Registered Nurses and support staff, as provides many outreach services through our mainstream health partners.
Tourists and visitors to Gariwerd are always welcome.
Christmas/New Year Clinic Holiday Closure – Re-opens Wednesday 3rd January 2019.


Nikzad Arabshahi was born in Teheran / Iran educated and experienced in architecture. He is an self-educated painter and photographer creating mixed media artworks. His first collection was called "Corpses" which was a visual translation of the effects of organics shapes on his imagination. In this collection of paintings his focus is on motivating the inner feelings of the audience by his visual language. On his path, Nikzad is attracted to the limitless world of mind and imagination and its use in creating images. The closest subjects to his mind are psychoanalytic and philosophy.


1921 is an 2018 upcoming Indian Bollywood horror film, produced by Vikram Bhatt.The film will star Zarine Khan and Karan Kundra in lead roles.
Vodka Diaries is an upcoming indian thriller film set in modern Manali. The story revolves around a club known as vodka Diaries, wherever few murders have happened and ACP Ashwini Dixit is work them.


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Justia Lawyer Directory Personal Injury California Riverbank Attorneys
Riverbank, California Personal Injury Lawyers
Jeffrey Ray Olson
Riverbank, CA Personal Injury Lawyer with 34 years experience
(209) 524-1100	6613 Cypresswood Cir
Personal Injury and Insurance Defense
Anthony C. Gonsalves
Modesto, CA Personal Injury Attorney
(209) 505-8490	615 13th Street Suite A
Free ConsultationPersonal Injury, Criminal, DUI and Education
Humphreys College
From FUN WORK to LEGAL WORK
After 30 years of creating FUN as a founder, shareholder, Director, Vice-President and General Manager of FUNWORKS! Family Fun Company in Modesto, CA, I sold my interest in FUNWORKS! at the age of 47 to achieve my childhood goal of becoming an Attorney. After graduating law school among the top grade earners, I passed the California Bar Exam and now practice law in the 209 Area Code including Stanislaus, San Joaquin and Tuolumne Counties.
Today, I represent clients in my firm, AG LAW, who have been physically injured by another person (Personal Injury Law);...
Robert Joseph Anaya
Modesto, CA Personal Injury Lawyer with 28 years experience
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Andrew S. Mendlin
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With more than 35 years of legal experience, Steven A. Fabbro has built a reputation for himself as a highly skilled personal injury lawyer. Apart from the fact that he has single-handedly recovered more than $300 million in jury verdicts and settlements, he also offers clients the assurance that he is well-qualified to tackle the most complex of claims. In fact, Mr. Fabbro has a history of challenging large corporations in court, including insurance companies and product manufacturers, and winning. This, in turn, has helped him to earn a coveted AV® rating from the prestigious Martindale-Hubbell®. This is a...
Ralph S. Curtis
University of California - Davis and Pepperdine University School of Law
John Patrick Carty III
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John Carty graduated from UC Hastings College of the Law in San Francisco and passed the California Bar Examination, on his first attempt, in 1980. He has been a practicing California attorney since being sworn in on December 16, 1980. He has practiced law in Calaveras, Stanislaus, Sacramento, and San Joaquin Counties for his entire career.
Tai Christopher Bogan
California Personal Injury Attorney with 13 years experience
Humphreys CollegeUnited States District Court Eastern District of California, United States District Court Northern District of California and California
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Gerald Emmett Brunn
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San Francisco native Gerald E. Brunn holds Martindale-Hubbell's AV-Preeminent rating, confirming that he has reached "the height of professional excellence…and the highest levels of skill and integrity." He represents clients in trials and litigation; personal injury and wrongful death cases; employment law; and business and corporate law matters. Mr. Brunn has served as a Special Master for the State Bar of California and is an adjunct professor at Chapman University and Modesto Junior College. He teaches Business Law, Employment and Labor Law, Constitutional Law, Legal History, and Political Science. Mr. Brunn received mediation training from the Straus Institute for...
Del Martyn Bohner
Modesto, CA Personal Injury Lawyer with 6 years experience
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John Lawrence Gorman III
(209) 548-4000	1200 G St
Free ConsultationPersonal Injury, Business, Estate Planning and Probate
I focus my legal practice on personal injury, estate planning & probate, business law, and civil litigation. If you are fighting for fair treatment, I can help. If you need advice regarding a trust or a will, I have extensive experience creating them and helping heirs and beneficiaries get what they deserve. If you want to protect your business and your livelihood, I am in your corner. If you're injured and looking for a strong advocate, I am a plaintiff's attorney prepared to help you fight back against insurance company tactics.
Free ConsultationPersonal Injury, Criminal, DUI and Products Liability
Jeffrey Nadrich
(209) 232-2933	822 E. 9th Street
Free ConsultationPersonal Injury, Asbestos, Nursing Home and Products Liability
Jeffrey Nadrich is a successful and nationally-recognized personal injury lawyer specializing in all aspects of personal injury, mostly: Auto accidents, Motorcycle accidents, Bicycle accidents, Truck accidents, Dog bite injuries, and Wrongful Death cases.
Mr. Nadrich is a 1972 graduate of the University of California Berkeley. He is also a 1975 graduate of the University of California Hastings College of the Law. Mr. Nadrich was admitted to the California State Bar in 1976.
Mr. Nadrich is a member of the Multi-Million Dollar Advocate Forum, STLA, AAJ, CAALA, LACBA, ABA, and many other prestigious legal organizations. Due to its...
Thomas Hogan
(209) 214-6600	1207 13th St.
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Paul R. Scheele
Maria C. Jaime
George Steven Arata
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Personal Injury, Insurance Claims, Medical Malpractice and Products Liability
Eric Gutierrez
Roeuth Sam
Free ConsultationPersonal Injury, Insurance Claims and Medical Malpractice
California Western School of Law and California State University - Sacramento
Mr. Roeuth Sam founded this firm after working for one of the biggest plaintiff's personal injury firms in California. For the past eight years, Mr. Sam represented over a thousand injured clients. Mr. Sam worked in the pre-litigation department for several years handeling claims from the very beginning. Mr. Sam transferred into the litigation department and litigated hundreds of cases. Mr. Sam helped many injured victims navigate the complexities of litigation which included filing lawsuits, sending out and responding to written interrogatories, defending and taking depositions, retaining experts, appearing in court, arguing motions, attending mediations, arbitrations or settlement
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Glenn M Kenna
Modesto, CA Personal Injury Lawyer
(209) 521-1800	1300 K Street Suite B
Glenn Kenna is a skilled trial attorney and advocate for injured victim's rights in Curtis Legal Group's Sacramento office. Glenn joined the Curtis Legal Group so that he could fight for victims of personal injury accidents. Glenn understands how confusing and difficult it can be for personal injury accident victims to work with insurance companies and those responsible for their injuries. It is a battle that can't be won without a good attorney at his or her side.
Glenn's experience makes him uniquely qualified to help accident victims navigate the complicated insurance world. Glenn started his career representing insurance companies, both...
Tracy Y. Toledo
(209) 523-5000	920 16th Street, Suite D2
Personal Injury, Criminal, Divorce and Products Liability
Mark Curtis Shumar
Personal Injury, Business and Products Liability
Willamette Univ COL
Attorney Marc S. Shumar received his Bachelor's Degree from California State University, California, and his Juris Doctorate degree from Willamette University College of Law. The same year he graduated from law school, Mr. Shumarwas admitted to the California State Bar. He began his legal career as a lawyer representing insurance companies and defending cases against individuals who had been injured in accidents. After working with the firm for four years, Attorney Shumar realized that he did not always agree with the tactics used by insurance companies, and decided to establish his own firm. At The Law Offices of Mark C....
Gary Carl Nelson
Personal Injury, Social Security Disability and Workers' Comp
Duane Lourde Nelson
(209) 526-3500	1601 I Street Fifth Floor
Personal Injury, Arbitration & Mediation and Products Liability
Stephen Vincent Imburg
(209) 577-6666	900 G Street, Suite 300
Personal Injury and Business
James Struck
(200) 574-1440	1120 13th Street, Suite K
Personal Injury, Business, Insurance Claims and Probate
Mr. Keric J. Cushing
Fifth Floor, Suite 104
David C Rancaño
(800) 755-5557	1300 10th Street, Suite C
Youlet Ovrahim
Personal Injury, Bankruptcy, Business and Civil Rights
University of Illinois College of Law and University of California - Hastings College of the Law
Turlock, CA Personal Injury Attorney
Personal Injury, Employment, Estate Planning and Landlord Tenant
Cory B. Chartrand
Turlock, CA Personal Injury Lawyer with 25 years experience
(209) 667-2300	300 N. Palm Street
Free ConsultationPersonal Injury, Arbitration & Mediation, Insurance Claims and Products Liability
Axel Brando Gomez
Turlock, CA Personal Injury Attorney with 34 years experience
(209) 668-1410	2881 Geer Rd
David Walter Washington
Lathrop, CA Personal Injury Lawyer with 29 years experience
(209) 234-0545	263 E Louise Ave
Lathrop, CA 95330
Mark John Alexander
(209) 577-1646	1916 Veranda Ct
Personal Injury and Criminal
Payal Preet Kullar
Modesto, CA Personal Injury Attorney with 5 years experience
(209) 529-1004	3509 Coffee Rd Ste D16
Richard Alan Hankins
(209) 281-6206	3904 Lakeside Dr
Personal Injury Lawyers in Nearby Cities
Personal Injury Lawyers in Nearby Counties


congrats to every staff ! Big vouch to Chong for his dedication to the server . Well Deserved my friend.
IGN : Zooyorkzz , Cya soon !
No you Don't need to be all 99 . You must have a comp S1 and it wipes your whole bank.
It resets the bank items too .


text:
Miodrag Živković (Serbian Cyrillic: Миодраг Живковић; 1928 – 31 July 2020) was a Serbian sculptor and university professor. He is well-known for his work on memorial complexes throughout Yugoslavia.

Biography
Živković was born in Leskovac. After moving to Belgrade with his family in 1944, he graduated from the Academy of Applied Arts in Belgrade in 1952. After working as an arts teaching instructor in Mladenovac and Novi Beograd, he was employed as an assistant professor at the Faculty of Applied Arts within the University of Arts in Belgrade, becoming Dean in 1974, a position he occupied until 1977. From 1977 to 1984 he was head of the Faculty's sculpture department. From 1991 to 1996 he was again Dean of the Faculty.

He died in Belgrade on 31 July 2020.

Works
Outside of academia, Živković is known as the creator of a number of sculptures throughout the territory of the Former Yugoslavia and abroad, including the following:

 "Broken Wings", Kragujevac, Serbia (1963)
 Monument to Yugoslav Immigrants, Punta Arenas, Chile (1970)
 Valley of Heroes, Tjentište, Bosnia & Herzegovina (1971)
 Monument to Fallen Fighters, Priština, Kosovo (1971)
 Monumental Crypt, Gonars, Italy (1973)
 Memorial Park "Uprising and Revolution", Grahovo, Montenegro (1978)
 Kadinjača Memorial Complex, near Užice, Serbia (1952–1979)
 "Freedom", Ulcinj, Montenegro (1985)
 Monument to the Royal Yugoslav Air Force defenders of Belgrade, New Belgrade, Serbia (1994)

Gallery

References

External links
Interview with Miodrag Živković

1928 births
2020 deaths
University of Arts in Belgrade alumni
Academic staff of the University of Arts in Belgrade
20th-century Serbian sculptors
20th-century male artists
21st-century sculptors
21st-century male artists
Male sculptors


text:
Essential Science: Antimicrobial found in ancient Irish soil
By Tim Sandle Jan 7, 2019 in Science
Swansea - A bacterium discovered in ancient Irish soil has been shown to be capable of halting the growth of certain 'superbugs'. The discovery offers new hope for tackling antibiotic resistance.
Scientists are on a quest to detect next-generation antimicrobials in the unlikeliest of places, with many cross-national studies underway. In one such discovery, researchers from Swansea University (Wales, U.K.) have uncovered a potential antimicrobial by examining soil from Ireland.
Special soil with healing properties
What's special about the soil is that the dirt has long been rumored, as part of superstition and folklore, to have certain 'medicinal properties'. What the researchers didn't expect was to find a previously unknown strain of bacterium which is effective against four of the main six superbugs that are proving to be resistant to antibiotics. The superbugs include meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
Areas formerly covered with water are now drying grassland.
Igor I. Solar
The area of isolation was area of Fermanagh, Northern Ireland, which is known as the Boho Highlands. This is an area of alkaline grassland. As the Daily Telegraph reports, folklore runs that putting a small amount of soil wrapped in cotton and placing this next to a site of infection can help to cure someone. This technique has been used in times gone by to heal a variety of ailments like toothache, throat and neck infections.
The scientific practice of searching areas like this, to determine whether such folk-tales have any semblance of truth, is called ethnopharmacology. This is part of the wider field of ethnomedicine, which is a study of the traditional medicine based on bioactive compounds in plants and animals and practiced by various ethnic group.
Antimicrobial problem
Antimicrobial resistance presents a major, global health issue. In the last couple of decades, the rate at which bacteria are becoming resistant to the main array of antibiotic treatments has significantly increased. This pattern is challenging the ability of medics to carry out routine operations or transplants. This pattern been compounded not only by microorganisms that are resistant to one antimicrobial or another ("multi-drug resistant microorganisms", which are the so-termed 'superbugs').
A person with an infection of the esophagus.
If too few new antimicrobial are discovered, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) warns that superbug infections will kill around 2.4 million people across Europe, North America and Australia by 2050. The OECD report, issued in November 2018, is titled "Stemming the Superbug Tide: Just A Few Dollars More."
New bacterium
The new organism has been named Streptomyces sp. myrophorea. It has been so named because it produces a distinctive fragrance - a sweet odor - similar to that of oil of wintergreen (the organic compound methyl salicylate).
Scanning electron micrograph of a human neutrophil ingesting MRSA
National Institutes of Health (Mark 1.0)
In tests the new bacterium was able to inhibit the growth of the following four superbugs: Vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Klebsiella pneumonia, and Carbenepenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumanii.
Commenting on the find, Professor Paul Dyson of Swansea University Medical School stated: "This new strain of bacteria is effective against 4 of the top 6 pathogens that are resistant to antibiotics, including MRSA. Our discovery is an important step forward in the fight against antibiotic resistance."
As a next step the researchers will focus on purifying the chemical compound produced by the Streptomyces species and running further tests to assess the suitability of the find as a novel antimicrobial that can be commercialized.
The research has been published in the journal Frontiers in Microbiology, with the research paper called "A Novel Alkaliphilic Streptomyces Inhibits ESKAPE Pathogens."
Essential Science
Falling down drunk
_Tony_B
This article is part of Digital Journal's regular Essential Science columns. Each week Tim Sandle explores a topical and important scientific issue. Last week, as part of the build-up to New Year, we discussed research looking at the biochemical processes involved with alcohol addiction and they have succeeded in identifying the pathway involved. This could assist with the treatment of alcohol related addiction
The previous week we discussed the most-distant solar system object ever observed, which has recently been detected by astronomers. The outer solar system objects is described as a 'far out there' dwarf planet.
More about Bacteria, antimicrobial resistance, Antibiotic resistance, Microbiology, Medicine
Bacteria antimicrobial resist... Antibiotic resistanc... Microbiology Medicine


Extra-Wide End-of-Group Townhome boasting 2100+ sqft & Off-Street Parking/Garage. The main level offers a spacious open layout w/ tons of light & tall ceilings. Spectacular kitchen features granite counters, SS appliances, & breakfast bar. Main level half bath & office. The upper level includes a massive master suite w/ new bathroom, 2 additional guest rooms, laundry room & deck off of the master.
2,112 Sq. Ft. Above Ground. Sq. Ft. Below Ground.
1 Garage Spaces. 1 Carport Spaces. 1 Parking Spaces.
115 Fort Avenue W in Baltimore, MD has a WalkScore of . This property was listed 243 days ago and has been viewed 6 times.


Yummy mummy Shanira was glowing with joy at her safari themed baby shower by Partyfully Yours.
This year we have been blessed with some amazing clients!! When Anna Banner contacted us to style a surprise baby shower for her friend, Shanira, we were very excited and determined to give them a memorable Partyfully Yours experience.
Partyfully Yours aesthetics is grounded on our love for fun, pretty and swoon-worthy showers and other shenanigans.
Is the man cuddling Shanira's tummy Kevin Hart?
Everything looks so well put and cute.You contributed in doing a great job, Anna. Keep yourself busy like that (instead of messing your pillow) and gradually, you will carve out a niche of your own. Congrats .
hello to that pretty yellow akwaibom gal who freshly got married; wuz her name again, inidara?
Wow this is very beautiful.


Experience the best of Coffs Harbour from the beaches to the rainforest Amazing races has your conference activities and team building events sorted. Ropes course flying Fox's to wild adrenaline adventures of White Water Rafting on the Nymbodia River and along The Coffs Coastline beaches. Mountain biking, cycling, sea kayaking, wind surfing, whale watching, cruises, drift car driving. Games and corporate evening entertainment is all professionally handled by AR staff for your teams bonding.
Coffs Harbour Amazing Races are a brilliant way to explore this wonderful escape town. When looking for exceptional rewarding team events for your business staff and employees escaping to a wonderful adventure paradise of activities that will challenge your team to succeed. Start directly at your Coffs Harbour conference venue, accommodation or beach-side villa. The amazing races crew comes to your venue, function, meeting or conference. Ideal for 5 levels of Coffs Coast activities to select from. Just for amazing fun to Team Building options and the ultimate wow factor experiences that will leave your delegates and guests breathless and raving about their unique adventures.
Imagine being dropped into the sea and picked up by a yacht sailing past Muttonbird and Solitary Islands before plunged into white water rafts to surf the beach and waves! Before testing your culinary skills in peeling prawns and cooking succulent fresh ocean fish n crispy golden chips whilst downing… oops tasting a local brew or cider. Gone are the days of great banana plantations. Coffs Harbour is now all about the Berry – Blue Berries galore! Visit the old banana plantation and Toboggan Ride down the slippery slide fun park. Heart racing as you ascend the track, scream and yell in the thrill of the excitement railing the corners to receive your next amazing race clue.
Venture up the the Hill overlooking Coffs Harbour is an amazing new Sky Deck at Sealy Lookout. Named the Forest Sky Pier that provides a stunning panoramic view of the Coffs Coast, Beaches, Rainforest and Hinterland. With views toward Gladiator star Russel Crow's Nana Glen Trophy Bellevue estate in the distance.
Talk with us to create your staffs next team building activities or events package that will leave a memorable positive experience that is all about exploring and experiencing the best of Coffs Harbour and the beaches.
Coffs Harbour was the home of Russel Crow and is also the next stop on your teams amazing race adventure activities challenge. Bringing on the excitement of beaches to the rainforest with a multi-tude of team building activities that compete your teams to explore and experience the best of Coffs Harbour. One of my all time favourite amazing race destinations along the East Coast of Australia.


Amazon, with the support of Mountain Dew, Vans and Plan B is proud to bring the Zon of the Lines Skateboard Invitational Series to Christchurch, Wellington and Auckland.
A custom made course has been crafted especially for the series featuring street-inspired obstacles such as a picnic table, flat bar and a wheel chair ramp. The set-up will be dropped at iconic locations in Christchurch, Wellington and Auckland where heavyweight line-ups will battle for their slice of a massive $10,000 prize pool.
The Auckland event will see 20 of Auckland's best shredders, the winners of the Christchurch and Wellington events, along with two more wildcard entrants go head to head for cash and prizes in grand final.
Watch the teaser clip shot with Zon team riders Deen Rakich and Nick Lister, Christian Low and Mountain Dew team rider Brett Band. It shows the custom built set-up complete with a flat bar, manual/grind box, wedge to picnic table and wheel chair ramp.
Stay tuned for more info on the course and rider line-ups.
Where: Shed 15, Lower Deck, 90 Wellesley Street.