The Union Butterfield 1585A(UNC)/1585A(UNF) high-speed steel spiral point tap has a relieved-style design, straight flutes with a plug chamfer, black oxide finish, and a round shank with a square end, and is used to create right-hand threads in a range of materials. It is available in two different ANSI thread specification standards: UNC (Unified Coarse) and UNF (Unified Fine). The spiral point of this tap (sometimes referred to as a gun tap ) pushes chips ahead of the tool and the straight flutes reduce clogging. Both characteristics make it suitable for threading through holes (extending through the workpiece). The black oxide finish of this tool will not chip. It improves lubricity, resists corrosion, and helps to prevent buildup and welding on the cutting edge of the tool. Relieved-style design reduces the friction between tap and workpiece for longer tool life. A plug chamfer distributes cutting to ease tapping at the beginning of the hole and to maintain correct perpendicular alignment with the workpiece.
Right-hand threads are designed to tighten when a head or nut is rotated clockwise (the most common threading direction). High-speed steel (HSS) is a common general-purpose steel for cutting tools, and is compatible with a variety of materials. The round shank with square end helps to minimize rotation in the tool holder. This tool can be used in machines, such as drill presses or lathes, or with hand tools such as tap wrenches.
In the Union Butterfield 1585A(UNC) and 1585A(UNF) tap series, taps with 1/4 to 5/16 nominal diameters have two flutes, and those with 3/8 to 3/4 nominal diameters have three flutes. All taps in these series have plug chamfers. This tap conforms to ANSI standards and can create threads to a depth 2 times its diameter. It is suitable for ANSI 2B and 3B tolerance classes: 2B is an average quality fit for commercial and industrial fasteners; 3B produces close-tolerance fasteners used for greater resistance to stripping, as in aerospace applications.
The Union Butterfield TN1585(UNC)/TN1585(UNF) high-speed steel spiral point tap has a relieved-style design, straight flutes with a plug chamfer, titanium nitride (TiN) coating, and a round shank with a square end, and is used to create right-hand threads in a range of materials. It is available in two different ANSI thread specification standards: UNC (Unified Coarse) and UNF (Unified Fine). The spiral point of this tap (sometimes referred to as a gun tap ) pushes chips ahead of the tool and the straight flutes reduce clogging. Both characteristics make it suitable for threading through holes (extending through the workpiece). Titanium nitride (TiN) is a gold-colored ceramic coating that combines hardness with low friction for extended cutting tool life and permits faster cutting speeds than with uncoated tools. Relieved-style tap design reduces the friction between tap and workpiece for reduced tool wear. A plug chamfer distributes cutting to ease tapping at the beginning of the hole and to maintain correct perpendicular alignment with the workpiece.
In the Union Butterfield TN1585(UNC) tap series, taps with nominal diameters of and 5/16 are available with two or three flutes and those with diameters of 3/8 to have three flutes. In the TN1585(UNF) series, taps with nominal diameters of and 5/16 have two flutes and those with diameters of 3/8 to have three flutes. All taps in these series have plug chamfers. This tap conforms to ANSI standards and can create threads to a depth 2 times its diameter. TN1585(UNC) taps are suitable for ANSI 2B and 3B tolerance classes: 2B is an average quality fit for commercial and industrial fasteners; 3B produces close-tolerance fasteners used for greater resistance to stripping, as in aerospace applications. TN 1585(UNF) taps are suitable for the ANSI 3B tolerance class.
Tapping is one of the most critical operations in any shop. That's why you need high quality RedLine taps, which are proudly made in the USA. To provide superior precision and cutting control when working with a wide variety of materials, our high performance taps as well as general-purpose taps deliver every time. Our offering includes: spiral point taps, spiral flute taps, gun taps, form taps, as well as a variety of other types. To ensure that we can provide you with a tap that effectively creates the thread you need, we offer tools with multiple coating options including CrC, Oxide, TiCN and TiN. In addition to coatings, our taps are available in both Vanadium cobalt and High-Speed Steel. With these options, we can guarantee that you'll find the exact tool to expertly tap materials of varying hardness, while resisting excess wear and tear, regardless of your specific project. From high volume production to single hole-tapping applications, and from through-holes to blind holes, you'll find the coated or uncoated tool to get the job done. No matter what type of tap you need, you'll find it here at RedLine, simply browse our expansive selection below, or use the filter to find and order your tools even faster.
Series 756 High Speed Steel Spiral Point Bottoming Tap, TiN Coated.
The Dormer MTT-X E005/MTT-X E015 powdered-metal steel spiral point tap has a round shank with a square end, gold oxide finish, and a plug chamfer, and is used to create metric right-hand threads in a range of materials, with best performance in steel, copper, brass, aluminum, magnesium, and thermoplastics. It is available in two different thread specification standards: Metric Coarse (M) or Metric Fine (MF). The spiral point of this tap (sometimes referred to as a gun tap ) pushes chips ahead of the tool and the straight flutes reduce clogging. Both characteristics make it suitable for threading through holes (extending through the workpiece). Gold oxide is a low-temperature heat treatment that reduces grinding stress within the tool. The plug chamfer distributes cutting to ease tapping at the beginning of the hole and to maintain correct perpendicular alignment with the workpiece.
In the Dormer MTT-X E005 series, taps with nominal diameters of 4 mm to 12 mm are available with two or three flutes and taps with nominal diameters of 14 mm to 20 mm have three flutes. In the MTT-X E015 series, all taps have three flutes. All taps in both series have plug chamfers. This tap conforms to ANSI standards and can create threads to a depth two-and-a-half times its diameter. It is suitable for the 6H tolerance class: 6H is used for a normal length of thread engagement and medium tolerance quality.
Dormer E005M6 Spiral Point Taps, Bright Coating, M6, Metric Coarse, Full Length 2.1/2", Flute Length 0.5075", Shank Diameter 0.2550"
Dormer E005M83FL Spiral Point Taps, M8, Metric Coarse, Full Length 2.23/32"Flute Length 0.5939", Shank Diameter 0.3180"
Spiral Point design pushes chips forward in a through hole.
YG-1 N7 series super HSS spiral pointed tap for steel and stainless steels uptp 35HRc. High-speed steel tools are good for most general purpose applications, offering a combination of hardness and toughness for wear resistance. Black oxide treatment adds lubricity and creates small pockets on the surface of the tool that act to hold coolant near the cutting edge. Round shanks allow use with a wide variety of toolholding systems. Straight flute tools allow chips to collect in the flutes as they cut and are well suited for most applications in shallow cuts. Right-hand cut tools have a cutting action that engages when they are run in a clockwise direction. Applications: Good for low carbon/free machining carbon steel, pure aluminum/aluminum alloys, pure and alloyed copper, free machining brass/alloyed brass, zine, magnesium. Excellent for medium to high carbon steel, free machining stainless steel.
YG-1 K9 series vanadium alloy HSS spiral pointed tap for multi-purpose. High-speed steel tools are good for most general purpose applications, offering a combination of hardness and toughness for wear resistance. Uncoated tools feature just the base substrate without any additional treatment or coatings and are suitable for a wide range of applications. Round shanks allow use with a wide variety of toolholding systems. Straight flute tools allow chips to collect in the flutes as they cut and are well suited for most applications in shallow cuts. Right-hand cut tools have a cutting action that engages when they are run in a clockwise direction. Applications: Good for steel castings and forgings/heat-treatable alloy steels, free machining stainless steel, heat and corrosion-resistant stainless steel/valve stainless steel, aluminum alloy castings, nodular cast iron/chilled cast iron/meehanite iron/ductile iron, 71/ and 625 inco/waspaloy/hastelloy/invar/monel/incoloy. Excellent for low carbon/free machining carbon steel, medium to high carbon steel.
Drill America DWT Series High Speed Steel hand taps are the most versatile taps for hand use, or for tapping under power. Hand taps are popular for use in general machine tapping or CNC tapping. For re-threading and making new threads. High Speed Steel Hand Taps come in three styles: Taper Style: Starts the thread square with the workpiece. Plug Style: Generally used in thru holes. Bottom Style: Generate the thread to the bottom of the hole. A tap set contains 1 taper, 1 plug and 1 bottoming tap.
High Speed Steel Hand Taps come in three styles: Taper Style: Starts the thread square with the workpiece. Plug Style: Generally used in thru holes. Bottom Style: Generate the thread to the bottom of the hole.
YG-1 L7 series vanadium alloy HSS spiral pointed tap for multi-purpose. High-speed steel tools are good for most general purpose applications, offering a combination of hardness and toughness for wear resistance. Uncoated tools feature just the base substrate without any additional treatment or coatings and are suitable for a wide range of applications. Round shanks allow use with a wide variety of toolholding systems. Straight flute tools allow chips to collect in the flutes as they cut and are well suited for most applications in shallow cuts. Right-hand cut tools have a cutting action that engages when they are run in a clockwise direction. Applications: Good for steel castings and forgings/heat-treatable alloy steels, free machining stainless steel, heat and corrosion-resistant stainless steel/valve stainless steel, aluminum alloy castings, nodular cast iron/chilled cast iron/meehanite iron/ductile iron. Excellent for low carbon/free machining carbon steel, medium to high carbon steel.
5-40NC H2 2 Flute Spiral Point Plug Tap ~ Ground thread. ~ Ground from solid. ~ High speed steel.
Onyx Taps are manufactured to Table 302A standards. For use in general purpose tapping in a wide variety of materials up to 28 Rc Hardness. Steam Oxide over Nitride increases wear resistance, reduces friction, reduces galling and chip welding, improves chip flow and increases tap lubricant retention. Not recommended for non-ferrous materials.
Cle-Line spiral point tap: 5/16-18 UNC number of flutes: 2. HSS substrate, bright finish. Plug chamfer for general purpose applications. Spiral point pushes chips forward for through hole applications.
Brand: Cle-line | Manufacturer: Greenfield Inc.
The Union Butterfield 1534NR(UNC)/1534(UNF)/1534(UNS) uncoated, high-speed steel spiral point tap has a non-relieved design, straight flutes, and a round shank with a square end, and is used to create right-hand threads in a range of materials. It is available in three different ANSI thread specification standards: UNC (Unified Coarse), UNF (Unified Fine), or UNS (Unified Special). The spiral point of this tap (sometimes referred to as a gun tap ) pushes chips ahead of the tool and the straight flutes reduce clogging. Both characteristics make it suitable for threading through holes (extending through the workpiece). The non-relieved design of this series has concentric threads without pitch diameter relief. It is recommended for applications requiring close gauging fits and in older equipment that is not sufficiently rigid to accomodate the relieved-style series of spiral pointed taps.
Right-hand threads are designed to tighten when the head or nut is rotated clockwise (the most common threading direction). High-speed steel (HSS) is a common general-purpose steel for cutting tools, and is compatible with a variety of materials. With no coating or surface treatment, this uncoated tool can be used on a broad range of materials and provide an economical alternative to coated tools. The round shank with square end helps to minimize rotation in the tool holder. This tool can be used in machines, such as drill presses or lathes, or with hand tools such as tap wrenches.
In the Union Butterfield 1534NR tap series all taps have two flutes. The 1534NR(UNC) and 1534(UNF) taps are available with a variety of chamfers. The single 1534(UNS) tap has a plug chamfer. This tap conforms to ANSI standards and can create threads to a depth 2 times its diameter. Both 1534NR(UNC) and 1534NR(UNF) taps are suitable for ANSI 2B and 3B tolerance classes: 2B is an average quality fit for commercial and industrial fasteners; 3B produces close-tolerance fasteners used for greater resistance to stripping, as in aerospace applications. The single 1534NR(UNS) tap is suitable for the ANSI 3B tolerance class.


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What Is The Validated Hypoallergenic Rating System (VH-Rating System)?
by our "Dew-Good" Staff Contributors.
Resource: Dermatologists at VMV Skin Research Centre + Clinics.
"Hypoallergenic" can be an ambiguous term. It is regulated in some FDAs, but not all. When regulated, certain evidence is normally required to justify the claim but requirements can differ. Our founding dermatologist-dermatopathologist wanted a more objective, consistent, and clear way to prove what "hypoallergenic" meant in formulations.
VMV Hypoallergenics was the first to validate what it meant by "hypoallergenic" for its products with a "grading" system: the VALIDATED HYPOALLERGENIC RATING System, or VH-Rating System, created in the late 1980s (VMV was founded in 1979).
What Is The VH-Rating System?
It works a bit like an SPF in that it is a clear, immediately visible "grade" given to a formulation. While an SPF shows the product's tested protection factor against UVB rays, the VH-Number shows how many top contact allergens are NOT in a formulation. In both cases, the higher the number, the better the "grade."
The VH-Rating System uses published contact allergen lists of the North American Contact Dermatitis Group and European Surveillance System on Contact Allergies — based on thousands of patch tests conducted in multiple countries — as independent references.
The VH-Rating System was the first and is still the only hypoallergenic rating system in the world. A study on it published in Dermatitis, the journal of the American Contact Dermatitis Society, concludes:
"The VH Rating System is shown to objectively validated the hypoallergenics cosmetics claim."
Verallo-Rowell VM. The validated hypoallergenic cosmetics rating system: its 30-year evolution and effect on the prevalence of cosmetic reactions. Dermatitis. 2011 Mar-Apr;22(2):80-97. PMID: 21504693.
The same study shows that VMV products had less than 0.1% reactions reported in over 30 years.
Check out this handy video in our YouTube Channel: Validated Hypoallergenic – The VH Rating System
Very simply, the higher the number, the more allergens are NOT in the formulation.
Every product has a VH-Rating on its label followed by a slash and the total number of current top contact allergens. The higher the VH-Rating, the more allergens are not included in the formulation.
In case an allergen is present, the VH-Rating will be lower than the total number of current top contact allergens. An asterisk will also be seen that corresponds to the allergen in the ingredient list (which will also be underlined) for quick identification.
Breaking Down the Elements
VH stands for Validated Hypoallergenic.
The product has been tested specifically for hypoallergenicity.
At VMV, this includes patch testing each raw material, ingredient, applicator, and final formulation.
-# (the minus sign followed by a number)
Shows how many allergens are ABSENT from the formulation.
/# (slash followed by a number)
Means "over this current total of top allergens."
This shows the total count of the current top allergens.
A VH-Rating of VH-109/109 would be read as: "Validated Hypoallergenic MINUS 109 over 109."
A rating of VH-108*/109 would be read as "Validated Hypoallergenic MINUS 108 over 109." The asterisk alerts you to check the ingredients list for its counterpart, which would be the allergen present in the formulation.
Examples of VH-Ratings on products:
VH -109/109
The highest (current) VH-Rating: VH-109/109
Validated Hypoallergenic minus all 109 common allergens.
VH -108*/109
A lower VH-Rating: VH-108/109. Note the asterisk.
The asterisk from the VH-Rating corresponds to the present allergen in the Ingredients List … which is also underlined so you can't miss it! If it's not one of your allergens, you can still use the product.
Validated Hypoallergenic minus 108 of 109 allergens.
Allergens present in the formulation are identified with an asterisk and underlined in the ingredients list.
In this example, if you're allergic to parabens, fragrance, or dyes but not to vitamin E (a great antioxidant), you can still use this oil-free moisturizer.
Ask us to customize recommendations for you based on your patch test results and even possible cross reactants.
Where to get a patch test?
In the USA: search contactderm.org. You can search by zip code and members of the American Contact Dermatitis Society also use CAMP (the Contact Allergen Management Program) to show you not just the ingredients and substances you need to avoid but brands and products that you can use (where you'll see VMV Hypoallergenics a lot!)
In the Philippines: PM VMV Skin Research Centre + Clinics, where patch testing is a specialty.
In other countries: ask your official dermatological society about local contact dermatitis experts who offer patch testing.
Haven't had a patch test but have a history of very sensitive skin? Choose products with the highest VH-Rating!
Our team of "dew gooders" at VMV Hypoallergenics regularly shares "skinsider" tips! Follow us on Instagram for more of their hacks, "skintel" and tutorials!
tagged in acne, allergen, allergens, allergic, allergic skin, allergy, atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, eczema, hypoallergenic, psoriasis, rosacea, sensitive skin, vmv hypoallergenics
Bridal Beauty: 1920s Nostalgic Nuptials
MANDELIC ACID: Allergen or Not An Allergen?
CANVAS: Allergen or Not An Allergen?
COCONUT WATER: Allergen or Not An Allergen?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


I love working with flowers. Fresh or fake, they just make me happier. While not all of us have a green thumb (I am not declaring I do as I am still struggling to keep my plants alive), paper flowers are the easiest way to enjoy some new blooms and keep them around far longer than a few days. And you can learn how to make paper roses in a matter of minutes! So hunker down with that hot glue gun and let's get to work.
How to make paper cake treat boxes.
How cute would a bunch of these folded straw paper roses be at your next soiree? Or better yet, turn Filth Wizardry's tute into a party game for all your paper-loving peeps. The original tutorial uses crepe paper streamers, but Jessica from How About Orange discovered that the same technique could be applied using straw wrappers.
These folded CD cases come to us from Studio Lo. The paper is provided, and you do the folding and arranging. As Studio Lo's site is primarily in French, I'm not sure if the cd cases are available for sale.
HOWEVER, I found a 6-sided folded paper CD holder how-to for a DIY attempt that could work.
So yesterday I showed you how to make an accordion album. Today is the finishing touch: an envelope in which to keep it or give it. I've done all the hard work (made a PDF), so it really couldn't be easier.
Here's a really easy way to make a booklet, perfect for poetry readings, musings, ceremonies of the wedding and anniversary variety.....well, you get the idea.
One sheet of 8 ½" x 11" cardstock.
2 or three pieces of copy paper.
An paper awl, paper punch or small nail.
These exquisite flowers come to us by way of Folding Trees. In this tutorial, we're introduced the art of Japanese kusudama, which, traditionally, are used to make balls into which are deposited incense or potpourri. I actually prefer the look of the individual flowers, but if you're interested in assembling them into a ball, Folding Trees provides that tutorial as well.
These snowflake designs are quite remarkable. If you examine them closely, you'll see pictures in them. Easy to make out are the seahorses and fish pictured above. Also easy to spot are these hearts, but note the 'love border'.
How To: Gift Card Boxes.
Gift cards have become MORE than acceptable presents for friends and family during the holidays. At their best, they say, "I know what you're into, and I want to be sure that you get exactly what you love the most."
So, add a little handmade touch with this free gift card box pattern from Heather Bailey. With a single sheet of cardstock, you can customize your gift and keep its recipients guessing as it sits under the tree.
Skip the meat and pass the paper! This Papercraft Turkey dinner pattern is available in a PDF. A color printer is a necessity for 'authenticity's' sake. Go here for the assembly instructions and to view the original source, check this out. Via.
In honour of Nick and Norah's Infinite Playlist, (which b.t.w is awesome and adorable) here's an uber-cute and COMPLETELY simple way to wrap mix-tapes (sigh... remember tapes?) for your best girl (or guy).
June over at lovely Folding Trees shares her incredibly easy yet effective method of using old magazines to weave beautiful note cards and book marks. June also suggests using the technique to make wall art, book covers and pen pots too!
Click on over to Folding Trees to see the entire tutorial. Via Craftzine.
This 3D four-point origami star would make a pretty accessory to any holiday gift. The video begins with a crane base. For instructions on how to get to that point, first visit danbergam's preliminary base and then her crane base video. And for an alternative, don't forget to check out my folded paper star how-to!


Delve into the largest global education movement and find out how you can become a globally-accredited teacher with Association Montessori Internationale (AMI). Train at Montessori ONE Teacher Training Institute-- New Mexico's only nine-month AMI Montessori teacher training program featuring the United States' only Philosophy of Indigenous Education track. Find out more about Montessori Method and its efficacy, get details on the course curriculum, dates, and tuition. Discover if Montessori is right for YOU.
Graduates may go straight to work or opt to transfer their credits towards a Bachelors of Education at University of Hartford or Masters of Montessori Education at University of Hartford or Loyola University.
Find your calling and embark on a fulfilling lifelong journey. Become a Montessori teacher.


Built in 2012, this collection of 30 concrete and bamboo bungalows is run by a local couple.
Along the beach are a few rows of air-con bungalows, all with wooden detailing and verandas, double beds, TVs, safes and hot-water showers in the bathroom. Up in the hill, and reached via a steep (and sweaty!) climb, are the fan bamboo huts, also with hot-water showers and a choice of double or twin beds. The air-con bungalows offer better value with their sea views and easy access. We think mosquitoes and other critters could be a problem in the fan bungalows especially with their shady jungle setting, so don't forget the bug spray. A path behind the resort leads over the hill to Ton Sai village, but most will opt to go by boat, so you'll need to factor boat transport costs into your budget if staying here (200 baht per person). The thatch-roof restaurant is a cosy gathering spot with a pool table, and it's where you can organise tours or boat transfer. We were told there's "free but not good" WiFi here at the restaurant/reception area, but couldn't check it given that there's no electricity from 06:00 till 18:00. The staff here are friendly but don't speak much English, so communication could be a challenge. PP Power is worth considering if you're looking to stay on a more remote beach, though in this price range Tohko Beach Resort just a few beaches away is a better choice. Some of the high-season prices for PP Power found on online booking sites are outrageous so best to view or contact them directly first before booking.


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There were quite a lot of interesting signs in Osaka.
From a bakery named "Derrière"
of the menu selections, including drinks.
I couldn't resist including this one.
The store name-sign for a 100-yen shop (a "Dollar Store").
Fuku (pronounced Fookoo) means well-being/happiness.


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Morph ends 15-year absence from TV after enjoying a relaxing break in Scotland
THE New Adventures of Morph will see a return of the original format using clay and traditional stop-frame animation.
MORPH will be returning to TV screens after a 15-year break following a successful Kickstarter campaign.
The clay hero is to return to the small screen after a with a new show on CBBC.
The New Adventures of Morph will be broadcast on the children's channel next month.
Originally created in 1977 by Aardman, Morph first appeared on the BBC Children's art programme Take Hart alongside the late artist Tony Hart.
Producers say the series will stay true to the original format and use clay and traditional stop-frame animation at Morph's original home at Aardman studios in Bristol.
Peter Lord, Aardman co-founder and co-creator of Morph said: "Both Morph and I are equally delighted that his latest adventures are back on the BBC.
"Although he's been away for a while, I'm delighted to report that he's as lively and full-of-fun as ever - and rather more youthful than his creators.
"It's fantastic to see him back in his rightful home."
Poll loading …
Cheryl Taylor controller of CBBC said: "CBBC are delighted that Morph is back on our screens this year.
"His playful and curious persona has always been a delight and we know that viewers of all ages will welcome him with open arms."
The new series launched in the summer after a successful Kickstarter campaign raised over £110,000 which part-funded brand new one-minute episodes.
The episodes were released throughout the second half of 2014 on Morph's very own YouTube channel.
Last year Morph was snapped on a little summer staycation to the Scottish Isles .
During his recent trip to Scotland , Morph met an adorable Shetland Pony and even paid a visit to Valhalla Brewery.
For more laughs visit our humour section.


And here's the original by the ONE, the ONLY, Queen of Soul.
So clever! Wish he WAS back!
The Obama clip was so clever. I never thought he wasn't that great, but Trump is making him look lie a super-man!
I'm so sorry Kim. I really hope that pain will go away for you soon. It just keeps coming back at the moment doesn't it? I'm really so sorry to hear that 😢Feel better soon okay?
I don't think he even has respect for himself….
Aw. I'm going to look at the bright side of that.
The sound of soul. A sad loss.
Brilliant clip. Thanks for sharing, Kim. I keep getting shocked by Trump's utterances. I wonder whether its just lack of self-awareness or maybe he just doesn't care.
I think it may be a combination of both Diana.
Thanks Lelia. I know Obama can't run again. Just wistful thinking.


text:
oxidation number of sncl4
Answer Save. 5H2O was formerly known as butter of tin. Mohima5271 Mohima5271 18.08.2020 Chemistry Secondary School +5 pts. Assign Oxidation number to S2O3-2. Practice Set 1: Oxidation Numbers and Redox Reactions 1. AU - Takai, Kazuhiko What is the oxidation number of Sn in Sn Cl4? CH2Cl2 e. SO2 f. (NH4)2 CrO4 [1] Stannic chloride is used in chemical reactions with fuming (90%) nitric acid for the selective nitration of activated aromatic rings in the presence of inactivated ones.[6]. Carefully, insert coefficients, if necessary, to make the numbers of oxidized and reduced atoms equal on the two sides of each redox couples. The sum of the oxidation numbers for an ion is equal to the net charge on the ion. Answer. Then we have, x-3=0 x=3 And so, chromium would have an oxidation state of +3. 0 0 1. So 3 x -1 = -3. Find the Oxidation Numbers SnO. Sncl2 and sncl4 oxidation number Get the answers you need, now! Add your answer and earn points. Wiki User Answered . Answer to Assign an oxidation number to each atom in the following compounds:(a) SnCl4(b) CrO3(c) VOCl3(d) V2O3(e) HNO3(f) FeSO4. Look the best way to understand this is that as we move down the group the stability of +2 oxidation state increases where as for +4 … From the left side equation, Sn⁴+ have a decrease in oxidation number to +2 as in the right side equation so it undergoes reduction, not oxidation. 2014-12-20 10:39:18. Sn +2 Cl -1 2 + Hg +2 Cl -1 2 → Sn +4 Cl … X+5 (0)+ (-1)=+2. Sncl2 and sncl4 oxidation number Get the answers you need, now! monatomic ions. This means that you can write ON_"chlorine" + ON_"oxygen" = -1 Now, oxidation numbers are all about electronegativity. So 3 x -1 = -3. Preparation of solutions calculator is a useful tool which allows you to calculate how many solid chemicals or stock solutions you will need to prepare the desired solution. However, most metals are capable of multiple oxidation states. Add your answer and earn points. Since each Cl is -1, then 2 Cl = -2. [8], Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their. My work: SnCl4 with 100% dissociation gives a van't hoff factor of 5, 1Sn 4+ ion and 4 Cl- ions deltaT = i x Kf x m for freezing point = 5 x 0.51C/m x . Write down the transfer of electrons. Typically, this relates to the number of electrons that must be gained (negative oxidation number) or lost (positive oxidation number) for the atom's valence electron shell to be filled or half-filled. It was first discovered by Andreas Libavius (1550–1616) and was known as spiritus fumans libavii The additional water molecules link together the molecules of [SnCl4(H2O)2] through hydrogen bonds. Oxidation number of oxygen in it's compounds is -2(except peroxides) and the sum of oxidation numbers of all the elements of a neutral compound is zero. Top Answer. Oxidation numbers are used to track how many electrons are lost or gained in a chemical reactions. In this reaction, you show the nitric acid in … Continue Reading. [7] It can be used in a sol-gel process to prepare SnO2 coatings (for example for toughening glass); nanocrystals of SnO2 can be produced by refinements of this method. T1 - BAEYER-VILLIGER OXIDATION WITH Me3SiOOSiMe3 UNDER ASSISTANCE OF SnCl4 OR BF3-OEt2. Chemistry. 1 decade ago. The oxidation number of each atom can be calculated by subtracting the sum of lone pairs and electrons it gains from bonds from the number of valence electrons. [1], Anhydrous tin(IV) chloride is a major precursor in organotin chemistry. This table also contains the element number, element symbol, element name and atomic weights of each element. of Zn in [ZnCl4] is. SnCl4 is made up of five ions: one tin ion, and four chloride ions. Tin (IV) compounds have Tin bound covalently. Chlorine is more electronegative than chromium, and so it will possess its usual state of -1. Answered Sncl2 and sncl4 oxidation number 1 See answer Mohima5271 is waiting for your help. 10.1002/(SICI)1521-3749(200004)626:4<925::AID-ZAAC925>3.0.CO;2-R, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tin(IV)_chloride&oldid=978463768, Chemical articles with multiple compound IDs, Multiple chemicals in an infobox that need indexing, Chemical articles with multiple CAS registry numbers, Pages using collapsible list with both background and text-align in titlestyle, Articles containing unverified chemical infoboxes, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Colorless to slightly yellow fuming liquid, −34.07 °C (−29.33 °F; 239.08 K) (anhydrous), This page was last edited on 15 September 2020, at 02:30. Fe²⁺ is iron(II), and the name of the compound is iron(II) chloride. This is because of ionic character of SnCl2, which produces ions in aqueous soution. Fe³⁺ is iron(III), and the name of the compound is iron(III) chloride. How long was Margaret Thatcher Prime Minister? AU - Matsubara, Seijiro. Copyright © 2020 Multiply Media, LLC. -6 + (+1) from the hydrogen atom give an Oxidation Number of -5. The oxidation number for the calcium in CaSO4 is 2+, the oxidation number for oxygen is 2-, and the oxidation number for sulfur is 6+. Values in italics represent theoretical or unconfirmed oxidation numbers. This periodic table in PDF format can be downloaded from here. +3 In this compound, CrCl_3, it has a net charge of 0. To find the correct oxidation state of Cr in CrCl3 (Chromium (III) chloride), and each element in the molecule, we use a few rules and some simple math. On the left, Fe is present as FeCl2. In SnCl2, The number of proton in Sn2+ is =50 The number of electron in Sn2+is =48 In SnCl4, The number of proton in Sn4+ is =50 The number of electron in Sn4+ is =46 So,the both ions have same protons but the electron number is different. Problem: Determine the oxidation number (oxidation state) of EACH element in the following six compounds.a. Identify which reactants are being oxidized (the oxidation number increases when it reacts) and which are being reduced (the oxidation number goes down). Add your answer and earn points. The oxidation number of hydrogen in a compound is +1 4. In this compound there is a tin ion attached to four chloride ions. 142 views. Write down the transfer of electrons. There are three chlorine atoms in total, and so their total charge will be -1*3=-3. At the 4 oxidation state of tin. Can somone assign oxidation numbers to each of the atoms below a) Au(NO3)3 b) Ca(VO3)2 c) SnCl4 d) Cr2S3 e) OF2 f) HOF This is tin chloride. A 175.0 g sample of a compound contains 56.15 g C, 9.43 g H, 74.81 g O, 13.11 g N, and 21.49 g Na.. What is the compounds imperical formula. The oxidation number is synonymous with the oxidation state. The oxidation number of Fe in FeCl₃ is +3. Inter state form of sales tax income tax? The oxidation state (IV) of tin is a completely different matter. How would you describe the obsession of zi dima? 2270º; Density 7.30 g/cm 3; Characteristics: Metallic tin is soft and malleable. On the right, Fe is present as FeCl3. Cations of charge $3+$ and higher very rarely truly bear said charge. nomenclature. Lv 7. To balance that, Fe is +2. In the following reaction 2FeCl3 +SnCl2 2FeCl2 +SnCl4 The substance which get reduced is : (a) Sn+2 (b) Fe+2 (c) Sn+4 (d) Fe+3 ... ← Prev Question Next Question → 0 votes . Similarly for Cr in [Cr (NH3) 5 (NCS) ] is. There are 2 atoms of Na, so 2 (+1) = +2 and there are 7 atoms of O, so 7 (-2) = -14 +2 -14 = -12 The net charge has to be 0, but we have -12. Rules: 1. In COCl2 the oxidation number of carbon is +4. The oxide ion (O) has the charge of -2, and three of them would have the charge of -6. Mohima5271 Mohima5271 18.08.2020 Chemistry Secondary School +5 pts. (2+) + (3-) = -1 for the compound. 1 Answer. Here's what I got. You're dealing with the hypochlorite anion, "ClO"^(-), so right from the start you know that the oxidation numbers of the atoms that make up the anion must be equal to -1, the overall charge of the ion. What are the disadvantages of primary group? Asked by Wiki User. 3 4 5. Most common oxidation states: +2, +4 ; M.P. The main application of SnCl4 is as a precursor to organotin compounds, which are used as catalysts and polymer stabilizers. Relevance. How tall are the members of lady antebellum? now 1×3 + y×3=0 3y= -3 y = -1. According to Fajan's rule, smaller the size of atom higher will be polarizing capacity and so the covalent character will be larger. Stannic chloride was used as a chemical weapon in World War I, as it formed an irritating (but non-deadly) dense smoke on contact with air: it was substituted for by a mixture of silicon tetrachloride and titanium tetrachloride near the end of the war due to shortages of tin. AU - Matsubara, Seijiro. Ask your question. O is -2 and each Cl is -1 these add up to -4, therefore C must be +4 so that the sum of the oxidation numbers is zero, which is true for all neutral compounds. Sn + 4HCl >-> SnCl4 + 2H2 at the 2 oxidation state of tin Sn + 2HCl >-> SnCl2 + H2 (2+) + (3-) = -1 for the compound. T1 - BAEYER-VILLIGER OXIDATION WITH Me3SiOOSiMe3 UNDER ASSISTANCE OF SnCl4 OR BF3-OEt2. 1. Tin(IV) chloride, also known as tin tetrachloride or stannic chloride, is an inorganic compound with the formula Sn Cl 4.It is a colorless hygroscopic liquid, which fumes on contact with air.It is used as a precursor to other tin compounds. Join now. [3] Although the pentahydrate is the most common hydrate, lower hydrates have also been characterised. In this compound there is a tin ion attached to four chloride As you have listed above, A) Sn⁴+ : This belongs to the SnCl4. To balance that, Fe is +3. CH4c. +x-2-1-1=0. Assigning these numbers involves several rules: Free atoms (H2) usually have an oxidation number of 0, monoatomic ions (Cl-) are usually equal to their charge, and … 1. The … Other examples are PbO = lead(II) oxide; PbO₂ = lead(IV) oxide Hg₂Cl₂ = mercury(I) chloride; HgCl₂ = mercury(II) chloride . Convert the unbalanced redox reaction to the ionic form. For this to be so, Sn must be 2+ in charge, giving a net -1 charge. Pure elements have an oxidation number of 0 2. Log in. Join now. TY - JOUR. It was first discovered by Andreas Libavius (1550–1616) and was known as spiritus fumans libavii ions formed from a single atoms . Ask your question. 2014-12-20 10:39:18. HPV. Answered Sncl2 and sncl4 oxidation number 1 See answer Mohima5271 is waiting for your help. naming system. All Rights Reserved. Let x be the oxidation number of chromium. Although a specialized application, SnCl4 is used in Friedel-Crafts reactions as a Lewis acid catalyst for alkylation and cyclisation. These include ammonia and organophosphines. It slowly dissolves in dilute nonoxidizing acids or more readily in hot concentrated \(\ce{HCl}\). Well, there are three Cl-, and the rule says that the oxidation number on an ion is equal to its charge. Let's try an example. Here [ZnCl4] is dianionic and [Cr (NH3)5 (NCS) ] is dicationic. The material on this site can not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with prior written permission of Multiply. Log in. Who is the longest reigning WWE Champion of all time? Carefully, insert coefficients, if necessary, to make the numbers of oxidized and reduced atoms equal on the two sides of each redox couples. Whereas SnCl4 is insolub. Characteristic reactions of Sn²⁺ and Sn⁴⁺ In aqueous solutions, both tin(II) and tin(IV) exist as complex ions.Both tin(II) chloride and tin(IV) chloride tend to undergo hydrolyze and aged solutions of these salts become measurably acidic. Upon treatment with Grignard reagents, tin(IV) chloride gives tetraalkyltin compounds:[5]. Oxidation number of H in AlH3 is 1 See answer PRANAVPRADEEP5667 is waiting for your help. Where can i find the fuse relay layout for a 1990 vw vanagon or any vw vanagon for the matter? Chemical reaction. Oxidation no. Identify which reactants are being oxidized (the oxidation number increases when it reacts) and which are being reduced (the oxidation number goes down). This periodic table contains the oxidation numbers of the elements. Since is in column of the periodic table, it will share electrons and use an oxidation state of . For example, the oxidation number of Fe in FeCl₂ is +2. what is the oxidation number of the metal atom in the compounds CsNO3, FeF3, MnO2, MgSO4, SnCl4, CrO3 ? However, there is a net negative charge of -1 on the compound. CHEMISTRY. How old was queen elizabeth 2 when she became queen? C O Cl Cl. Tb=? Na = +1 and O = -2. Preparation of SnCl4 solution. For example, iron common has an oxidation number of +2 or +3. BYJU'S online oxidation number calculator tool makes the calculation faster and it displays the oxidation number in a fraction of seconds. Therefore, tin ion (Sn) must have the charge of +4. What is the oxidation number of Sn in Sn Cl4. The sum of the oxidation numbers for a neutral molecule must be zero. Ask your question. Ask your question. 1. The chloride ion (Cl) has the charge of -1, and four of them would have the charge of -4. Together Sodium chloride has an oxidation number of 0. They all consist of [SnCl4(H2O)2] molecules together with varying amounts of water of crystallization. When did Elizabeth Berkley get a gap between her front teeth? Log in. In CoCl2 the oxidation number of cobalt is +2, but I don't think that's what you are suggesting. However, there is a net negative charge of -1 on the compound. +x-2-1-1=0. Chloride ions have -1 charge. When did organ music become associated with baseball? For nitric acid, HNO 3, based on rule number 3 hydrogen has a +1 Oxidation Number and each oxygen atom has a -2 Oxidation Number. Oxidation number (also called oxidation state) is a measure of the degree of oxidation of an atom in a substance (see: Rules for assigning oxidation numbers). Values in italics represent theoretical or unconfirmed oxidation numbers, rank These aqueous solutions their. ( Cl ) has the charge of -1 on the left, Fe is present as FeCl3 ] through bonds... Oxide ion ( Cl ) has the charge of -1 charge 3 plus 2FeCl3 alkylation and cyclisation three ions. [ 1 ], Anhydrous tin ( IV ) chloride is a major precursor in organotin chemistry all?! Each: HNO2 HI +2, +4 ; M.P charge on the ion, data are given materials. In COCl2 the oxidation number calculator tool makes the calculation faster and it the!: These organotin halides are more useful than the tetraorganotin derivatives ) from the hydrogen atom an... Is because of ionic character of SnCl2, which are used to track how many electrons lost! 2014-12-20 10:39:18, Kazuhiko Let 's try an example been characterised chloride is a net -1.... 2 ( -1 ) = 0 thus the oxidation number of each element in following! Other Lewis bases form adducts ) Sn⁴+: this belongs to the SnCl4 numbers for a molecule.: [ 5 ] of 3 x -2 = -6 from the oxygen that. ) Sn⁴+: this belongs to the SnCl2 be y and oxidation no.of Al is +3 precursor to compounds... Is because of ionic character of SnCl2, which produces ions in aqueous soution interactions reducing the of... Hydrogen atom give an oxidation state ( IV ) of tin is and... Capable of multiple oxidation states discovered by Andreas Libavius ( 1550–1616 ) and was known as spiritus fumans there!, data are given for materials in their is -1, and four of them would have the of. Question Get more help from Chegg of -4 ( NCS ) ] is online oxidation number is synonymous with oxidation! Front teeth of oxidation states: +2, +4 ; M.P unbalanced reaction. State ) of each element is the full list of oxidation states an example - Takai Kazuhiko! -1 ) = -1 for the compound is an ionic compound, CrCl_3, will! For an ion is equal to its charge Friedel-Crafts reactions as a precursor to organotin compounds, which produces in. List of oxidation states for this to be so, chromium would have charge... Of +4 is +2 ( \ce { HCl } \ ) soft and malleable reactions 1 to so. The molecules of [ SnCl4 ( H2O ) 2 ] through hydrogen bonds hydrogen atom give an oxidation state of! The matter be downloaded from here Cl is -1, and three oxide.! Nh3 ) 5 ( NCS ) ] is, element name and atomic of! Determine the oxidation number on an ion is equal to the ionic form thus the oxidation number calculator makes... Ions: one chromium ion, and four of them would have an oxidation number on an is! Lewis acid-base interactions reducing the charge of -2, and the name of the is. 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Liso4, Li3PO4, SnCl4, NH4Br the so-called hexachlorostannic acid the rule says that oxidation... For the compound and assign oxidation numbers of the given chemical compound metals are capable of multiple states. Numbers and Redox reactions 1 Lewis bases form adducts elements have an oxidation.. Cl ) has the charge of -1 on the right, Fe present!
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I used the images contained in the kit for some and then I decided to use tape to create stripes for the others. There is a photo at the bottom that shows the tape strips being applied.
1. Etch ornaments according to manufacturer's directions. Clean thoroughly and dry.
2. Paint several coats on backside of ornament. Allow the ornament to dry between coats.
3. Place pink pony beads inside of ornament.
4. Cut a 6″ strip of tulle and tie in a knot on the top of the ornament.
5. Cut a 6″ strip of ribbon and tie in a knot on the top of the ornament.
6. Place poinsettia on bow.
I hope with these instructions and the detailed pictures you can create some fabulous ornaments of your own. Wishing you and your loved ones the best the holidays have to offer.
Ornament Challenge Showdown + Giveaway!
Niki is known for her distinctive, high quality creations that feature a diverse mix of styles and highly creative approach to even the smallest detail. Her creations are simultaneously beautiful and functional.
Sounds like a fun technique to try.
Love the ornaments! Thank you.
I just love what you created with this ornament. It prompted me to buy a couple dozen disk glass globes and some beads. What with my leftover sock yarn strings, glitter etc. I will have a field day in Jan. which is when I start my holiday gifts for the end of the year ahead.
What sort of tape did you use to make the stripes???? It looks like that thn really sticky tape used for scrapbooks etc. But it would be hard to remove wouldn't it??? thanks for your assistance on that.


text:
Voices home
2 Nov 2018 - 10:13am
Women of colour don't lack agency or capability, we lack opportunity
Tasneem Chopra (Supplied )
"As a seasoned speaker who happens to be a coloured Muslim woman, it has taken me years to establish a public voice in spaces typically dominated by majority Anglo-Australian persons."
13 Jul 2018 - 11:46 AM UPDATED 2 Nov 2018 - 10:13 AM
Recently I presented before a cohort of teens at a private school in Australia, speaking about human rights. For the most part, the session went well with some excellent questions from the floor. After the talk, a group of four boys approached me.
One proceeded to talk at me about 'why Islam and Western Democracy could not exist'. He insisted it was obvious that Muslim women had no rights and were forced to cover up and that if I believed otherwise, I was 'really being ignorant'. I recall being momentarily struck by his brazenness, reminding myself that he was likely sixteen years old and that I was fasting, at the time.
I realised quickly he and his friends weren't engaging in a conversation, because they had all the answers. Obviously.
Through a fatigued smile, I argued the deficiencies of his case stating that my lived experience as a Muslim minority in the west posed no such issues, and that stereotypical perceptions created unfair examples for all religions, including Christianity through the Ku Klux Klan, for example. I realised quickly he and his friends weren't engaging in a conversation, because they had all the answers. Obviously.
And yet, this is why I do these talks, in the hope that my message filters through to one of these kids, who might typically fulfill their destiny of an elite private school education and transition seamlessly into a role as one of our nation's future MPs, CEOs, editors or judges.
The micro aggressions we endure in the course of schooling, working, travelling and just existing are a banal reality to which we are inured.
The struggle to be respected and included in private and professional spaces is a long uphill battle for women of colour. The micro aggressions we endure in the course of schooling, working, travelling and just existing are a banal reality to which we are inured.
As a seasoned speaker who happens to be a coloured Muslim woman, it has taken me years to establish a public voice in spaces typically dominated by majority Anglo-Australian persons. Asserting myself against misconceptions others harbour is commonplace. Exchanges sometimes border on awkward as I'm asked to explain my beliefs, dress and sometimes, the political underpinnings of a Muslim majority nation I have no connection to.
Challenges also prevail in dialogue within migrant Muslim communities with some men talking down to me, feeling the need to assert cultural dominance over 'who speaks' and 'who listens'. To this end, fighting racism and patriarchy is sadly, my norm.
I was questioned by a white woman participant about why I felt the need to identify as a woman of colour.
The double whammy of dealing with this is compounded when I experience backlash in some progressive women's spaces. At a recent presentation on diversity in leadership before a cohort of emerging women leaders, I was questioned by a white woman participant about why I felt the need to identify as a woman of colour. She argued by mentioning race I was making it an issue; it never ceases to surprise me how racism causes discomfort to those who don't experience it.
I cannot emphasise how emotionally exhausting these struggles are.
I explained to her that erasing race from the conversation ignored discriminatory realities women of colour experience specifically – and asking us to not bring it up is the very reason it must be named. I cannot emphasise how emotionally exhausting these struggles are.
The burden of unpacking bigotry should not weigh on the shoulders of people and women of colour, specifically, as they continue to navigate their way through social, professional and personal minefields that continually locate them as interlopers - in worlds where they battle for the cultural capital others embody with ease.
While it may seem easier to believe that we just 'need to work harder' to gain success, we know otherwise. Any shortcomings we possess are disproportionately targeted and racialised.
7 questions Muslims are tired of hearing
These are only just some of the questions, based on prevalent misconceptions about the Muslim community, that people keep on asking.
Conversely our successes are seen as exceptional or glossed over as the outcome of affirmative action and tokenism. The effect of both is to reduce self-esteem and to diminish – you can never win.
A colleague of mine working in the migrant service sector shared with me an experience during a review where an opportunity was provided to anonymously share ideas about improving the work place.
When the suggestion was offered that a more culturally diverse staff might be conducive to servicing the diverse needs of the clients, a staff member of Anglo-Celtic background broke down and cried. Apparently she felt very emotional about the fact that her community of British ancestry lacked representation. Seriously.
It is precisely the silencing of minority voices in this vein when it comes to real structural change that reinforces systems of prejudice and prevents meaningful change from occurring, beyond token ribbons and banquet celebrations.
What it means to be a Muslim in modern Australia
10 Australian Muslims live together for eight days in social experiment 'Muslims Like Us'. Over two nights - 8.30pm, 21 & 22 February on SBS
People are not born racist; that is nurtured, not natured. What is worrying is the more dangerous form of exclusion from power at the highest levels of society, politics, law and publishing and how that shapes the reality of those at the bottom. Through covert and overt messaging from media, leaders and communities, these views are brewed to create a narrative of privilege that is invisible to those who benefit from it.
As women of colour, we do not lack agency or capacity, but rather, opportunity. It would appear the opportunities for success for women of colour are scant unless we are willing to fight for them or make enough noise that we ruffle some delicate institutional feathers. For this reason, we should not apologise for disrupting the status quo, but rather be applauded for fixing it.
Let's not wait for a seat at the proverbial table of decision making and just grab one. Or better yet – let's make our own tables with way better food. Food that we make and profit from and get credit for and is not diluted for fragile personalities. It's time for a masala revolution.
Hungry, anyone?
Tasneem Chopra is a cross-cultural consultant. You can follow her on Twitter: @TasChop.
Is Australia Sexist? premieres on SBS Australia, 4 December, 8.40pm, and will be available to stream at SBS On Demand.
Can we get more Muslim heroes please?
It is my hope that this book reveals the limitations of representation concerning Arab and Muslim communities in Australian film and television.
Yassmin Abdel-Magied and why there's no country for Muslim women
For Muslims this news is not unusual, it's depressingly routine. It confirms the sad state of affairs we live with daily.
Kylie Kwong on coming out to her family
Why Instagram removing 'likes' is a win for everyone
Read the letter Donald Trump's grandfather wrote begging not to be deported
These 15 tweets are the perfect response to Scarlett Johansson's latest comments
Gay teen shares the letter he left his homophobic parents when he fled home


Valentine's Day is just around the corner, and we know you've got some love stories to share. You do, don't you?
We want to know what is the craziest thing you've ever done to profess your love. Did you shout it from the rooftops or race to an airport just as your love's plane was taking off?
DJs will read select entries on the air, and not only that, but submitting your crazy love confession will earn you a chance to win a $500 gift card to Springer's Jewelers! Now that's a sweet prize to use on the one you love, right?
The winner of the prize will be selected on Feb. 14, Valentine's Day.
All you have to do is fill out the form below to submit your crazy love confessions. We can't wait to see what stories you have to tell!
Fill out this form for your chance at a $500 gift card to Springer's Jewelers.


The Tile Shop in Westbury City | Explore Before You Go!
not bad. they have a better selection then the big box places. and the salespeople seems more knowledgeable and helpful.
I ordered my tiles from the Westbury, NY location. Lovely staffs, quick orders. Love them. But the trucking company outsourced to (Stone Express Trucking, I believe) is unbelievably BAD. The whole process of getting my tiles costs me 2 working days from my work. The tiles WILL NOT be delivered inside the building. That might not be a huge problem if you have help. But I believe The Tile Shop states that THEY WILL deliver the tiles INSIDE THE BUILDING. Anyways. Long story short, the delivery was very late and the drivers are not nice and very rude. Hopefully this is not the only trucking company they hired. SO PEOPLE WHO NEEDS THE TILES DELIVERED, BEWARE.
The store is very nice. Lots of tiles and floor samples. However, this one salesman, Andre, is incredibly rude. We thought the first time we went he was in a bad mood but between visits that were months apart, his attitude did not change. He treated us as if we didn't know what we were talking about and showed little courtesy in helping us pick out the tiles we wanted. Incredibly he still remains a salesperson there today but should be fired for his poor work ethic and quality of customer service offered.


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$silentArgs = '/uninstall /quiet'
$validExitCodes = @(0, 3010)  # http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa368542(VS.85).aspx

Set-StrictMode -Off
[array] $uninstallKeys = Get-UninstallRegistryKey @uninstallData
Set-StrictMode -Version 2
[array] $filteredUninstallKeys = $uninstallKeys | Where-Object { $null -ne $_ -and ($null -eq $_.PSObject.Properties['SystemComponent'] -or $_.SystemComponent -eq 0) }
foreach ($uninstallKey in $filteredUninstallKeys)
{
  if ($null -eq $uninstallKey)
  {
    # this might happen on PS 2.0
    continue
  }

  if ($null -ne $uninstallKey.PSObject.Properties['UninstallString'])
  {
    $uninstallString = $uninstallKey.UninstallString
    Write-Verbose "Found uninstall key, UninstallString = $uninstallString"
    if ($uninstallString -match '^"?(.*?)(".*)?$')
    {
      $uninstallerPath = $matches[1]
      Set-StrictMode -Off
      Uninstall-ChocolateyPackage -PackageName $packageName `
                                  -FileType $installerType `
                                  -SilentArgs $silentArgs `
                                  -File $uninstallerPath `
                                  -ValidExitCodes $validExitCodes
      Set-StrictMode -Version 2
    }
    else
    {
      Write-Warning "The uninstall information in the registry is in an unknown format. Please report this to package maintainers. Data from the registry: [$uninstallString]"
    }
  }
  else
  {
    Write-Warning "The uninstall information in the registry does not contain the path to the uninstaller application. Please report this to package maintainers. Registry key path: [$($uninstallKey.PSPath)]"
  }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
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Trek Indonesia: 5 Must-See Places
If you're searching for your next adventure, Indonesia may just have everything you're looking for. As diverse in its people as it is in its landscape, Indonesia is made up of more than 17,000 islands, where more than 300 languages are spoken.
From its bustling cities to its beautiful beaches, from its awe-inspiring volcanoes to its spectacular wildlife, Indonesia is a beguiling destination just waiting to be explored. While there are many ways to explore this incredible set of islands, trekking can put you in the midst of all of it. Also, do ensure you're covered with travel insurance,before the start of your trek.
Mount Bromo
Situated inside Bromo-Tengger-Semeru National Park, beside Mount Semeru at East Java, Mount Bromo is one of the world's most active volcanoes. Desolate yet beautiful, it draws hikers from around the world to scale its heights and gaze in awe at this stunningly picturesque backdrop.
Culturally significant to the Tengger people, Mount Bromo is said to be the site where their brave prince sacrificed his life for his family. So, to honour this and to appease the gods, people throw food and money into the crater of the volcano once a year during annual Kasada (or Kasodo) festival.
The best way to experience Mount Bromo? Take the two-hour trek up neighbouring Mount Penanjakan to catch Mount Bromo at sunrise, then descend to trek across the 3km Laut Pasir (sea of sand) and up to the Mount Bromo summit (another two hour climb).
Padar Island
As the third largest land mass within Komodo National Park, Padar Island can be found between Komodo and Rinca Island. Well-known for its incredible views, Padar Island is a hotspot for photographers, providing unbelievable shots over the islands at sunrise and sunset.
The trek up Padar Island is fairly undemanding, and there are plenty of lookouts along the way. Climb higher to avoid the crowds, and discover views over secluded beaches, rocky isles and endless seas. While you're there, be sure to visit the neighbouring islands to catch a glimpse of the magnificent komodo dragon.
Sipiso-piso Waterfall
Set in the highlands of North Sumatra, Sipiso-piso Waterfall is located on the north side of Lake Toba, 24 kilometres from Kabanjahe. Long and narrow, the waterfall drops 120 metres into an impressive gorge below, filled with lush green forest. While the waterfall can be viewed from the top, for the best views, a trek to the bottom is highly recommended.
Mount Rinjani
At 3,726 metres, Mount Rinjani is the second highest peak in Indonesia. Located in Lombok, this striking volcano experienced its most recent eruption in 2004, and now offers intrepid hikers a variety of overnight treks to its peak. On the way up, hikers can expect breath-taking views over the Segara Anak crater lake, as well as waterfalls and hot springs, caves and rainforest.
Kawah Ijen
Trekking in Indonesia reveals dramatic landscapes that simply have to be seen to be believed. Famed for its electric blue flames, Kawah Ijen is perhaps one of the most memorable of these landscapes. With a range of treks on offer, this astonishing destination is best-viewed at night, when its blue sulphur flames and acid green crater lake look their most impressive.
This content is brought to you by [Chubb Insurance Hong Kong Limited] ("Chubb"). This content has been prepared by Chubb as a convenience to readers and is not intended to constitute advice or recommendations upon which a reader may rely. Chubb has used reasonable efforts in collecting, preparing and providing this content, but makes no warranty or guarantee about the accuracy, completeness, or adequacy of the content or of the information linked to this web site. Readers relying on any content do so at their own risk.
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Mixing the new world and the battle-strewn highlands more than ever, Caitriona Balfe's Claire and Sam Heughan's Jamie Fraser are now separated by the centuries. The former has returned to the 20th century and is raising their daughter with her first husband Frank Randall (Tobias Menzies), while the haunted latter seeks to rebuild in the 18th century in the aftermath of the Battle of Culloden.
See review below by Dominic Patten.
Outlander returns September 10, 2017 on Starz.


text:
StoneHearth Ventures
The Investor's Mindset Fueling The Entrepreneur's Passion
Disrupting Silicon Valley-The Blog
Silicon Valley Needs to Disrupt….Silicon Valley
Disruption. One of the most feared words that can be uttered to CEO's of global companies and in board rooms around the world. Companies and entire industries have belatedly discovered that their decades old, tried and true businesses have been disrupted by upstarts the likes of (fill in the blank). Today, every major corporation has an outpost in the Valley and/or a corporate venture fund as they scramble to stay ahead, or at least in touch with many of the new companies and innovations which will likely affect them.
Silicon Valley has been about change and disruption. And over the years it has delivered, creating disruptive companies such as Google, PayPal, eBay, Facebook, LinkedIn, Workday, Tesla, Slack, Dropbox, Uber, AirBnB and hundreds of others which have materially changed industries and provided value to their customers. Entrepreneurs, as well as corporate executives, flock to Silicon Valley in the hopes of figuring out how to recreate the magic and how to avoid being disrupted out of business by the startups using innovative software, hardware, and platforms across a range of businesses and industries.
But Silicon Valley is not without its own flaws. Women and minority entrepreneurs often struggle for funding and advancement. A small number of male venture capitalists have used their position and power to make unwanted sexual advances on women and some founders, such as Travis Kalanick, Founder and former CEO at Uber, create unethical, hostile workplaces. Companies are often measured on their unicorn valuations instead of their true worth, creating incentives to raise money instead of building a successful business. And the cost of Bay area housing makes it difficult to attract and retain talent. Current constraints around visas, work permits, and immigration make it more challenging for the best and brightest to find their way to Silicon Valley as they have in the past. Instead of investing in innovative technologies, entrepreneurs and investors have focused on startups that can scale quickly and require limited capital to get to initial product and revenue. Hardware has become a four letter word for the vast majority of investors who can fund 10 software companies for the same amount of capital it takes to get one hardware company to first customer ship. While Silicon Valley has done a lot of good for the world, it is responsible for a fair amount of bad as well.
The investment cycle is often driven by fads that turn out not to be real and those companies fail. Bitcoin, AR/VR, cleantech, and even many companies in the gig economy turn out to severely underperform as business opportunities and investments. For those old enough to have lived thru the dot com bust, the parallels are a bit worrisome. Webvan raised money for an idea that was, at best, far ahead of its time. Theranos raised the same billion dollars with product promises that could not be met. Hampton Creek, Zenefits, and Skully have materially misrepresented themselves. Other questionable companies such as Juicero, Jawbone, and Beepi all turned into expensive write-offs. The Silicon Valley mantra of move fast and break things has been a justification to. at times, do bad and often illegal things. Equally culpable are a small number of venture capital investors who practice a form of "pump and dump" by hyping a company or sector and then seeking an early exit before the inevitable reality sets in. Creating businesses that really aren't viable companies in the long run doesn't work in my world. What ever happened to built to last?
Silicon Valley has had an unprecedented run-it has been the most successful, most innovative ecosystem for decades. Until now. One of Silicon Valley's key strengths has been the ability to change, to reinvent itself and find new talent, new industries and new ways to build successful businesses. While Silicon Valley is an attitude, an approach a style of doing business, it is also a place. Where it was once unique it now has other parts of the US and the world which are rapidly catching up. There is talent, money and markets in New York, Berlin, Beijing, and Singapore. But whether SV knows it or not, it is history. First, silicon isn't a major factor driving innovation in the valley; software, AI, blockchain, and analytics are where the opportunities and investment dollars are focused. While hardware isn't dead, at best it is on life support as entrepreneurs and investors try to build businesses that rely on little hardware or use standard hardware. Secondly, Silicon Valley is still stuck in the 20th century where physical location is key to success. In a global economy with talent available everywhere, companies no longer need to be clustered in a specific location, and certainly not in SV. The most recent decade has seen innovative companies expand to San Francisco, Eastern Europe, Africa and Asia. Yet Silicon Valley investors and the funds are structured so it is difficult if not impossible to invest in most out of area, early stage companies and any international companies at any stage. Silicon Valley's model has been to wait for those companies to show up with hat in hand-or wait for a Silicon Valley based company to outmaneuver the out of town competitor.
And yet, the world races ahead while Silicon Valley continues as though nothing can usurp its dominance. But China will soon surpasses the Valley on the magnitude of venture dollars invested in startups; likewise, India is moving forward, driven, like China, by large domestic markets, numerous universities, and money from both local and international sources.
The world still has big problems that need solutions, and the talent that startup entrepreneurs possess. Food waste, clean water and energy, global climate change, better healthcare and nutrient for the other two-thirds of the world remain pressing problems. Many of these businesses are currently difficult to get funded by Silicon Valley because of where they are located, their non-US markets and the fact that many don't "fit" the model of typical Silicon Valley investments.
If Silicon Valley is to retain its global leadership position it needs to do what it is best at-disruption. Or more precisely, in this case, Silicon Valley needs to disrupt itself. Over the ensuing months, I will examine, in further detail, the challenges that Silicon Valley faces as well as the ways in which it can materially change. Silicon Valley is at a crossroad; it can either change and lead or stay as stuck in time like many of the companies who now struggle to keep up with more nimble startups. Lead or follow, that is the question.
The goal of this blog is to inspire dialog and discussion. And hopefully, change. I do believe that the change will come from entrepreneurs who believe that they can change Silicon Valley and the world through innovation, creativity and perservance. My objective is to be the spark that helps initiate that powerful force.
If you believe that change is needed, then please share this blog with your friends. And in particular share it with those who can be inspired to make changes.
Jamestup on Silicon Valley Needs to Disrupt….Silicon Valley


Despite having been in existence for nearly half a decade now (at least in MN), taprooms (and now tasting rooms for distilleries) are still new to a lot of people….
There has been a lot of talk lately about glass rinsers. They are popping up all over the state in craft beer bars and have gained a lot of interest in the media as of late.


During the Rev. Dr. Taylor's sermon on the day of the consecration of the new Grace Church on March 7, 1846, he said "my object is to ask of you to give me the means of building, and preparing for the most efficient and the most immediate operation, Grace Church Chapel." Taylor recognized that Manhattan's population was already moving past the borders of his parish.
The $8,000 organ by Stambridge had already been installed at this point. "The wheel of the organ is to be turned by a running stream of water, a new style, and one which it is said will produce a greater evenness of sound. A peculiar feature of the building will be a beautiful series of memorial windows. The Church is to have a spire 185 or 190 feet high, and its cost, without the spire, will be about $130,000," said the newspaper.
The edifice was completed by December and its cost came in a little under The Times' prediction at $120,000—over $1.8 million today. The church which was originally intended for the poor who could not afford pew rent now sat squarely among the mansions of some of New York's wealthiest citizens.
The concept of free pews for the poor had fallen by the wayside. On the Friday following the first service a public sale of pews was held at 7:30 p.m. The New York Times remarked a few days later "We understand that one hundred thousand dollars' worth of pews have been sold in the new Church of the Incarnation." Additional monetary gifts of $25,000 had been donated and $20,000 in "premiums" had been received. "The success recorded above is believed to be without a parallel in the history of the Protestant Episcopal Church in this or any other city," opined the newspaper.
The 57-year old lawyer was, according to The New York Times "of nervous temperament" and "of highly respectable parentage." He lived "in good style" at No. 518 Madison Avenue; a style more understandable when it was discovered her had swindled clients out of around $130,000.
The same month that the messy affair was publicized, the church unveiled an 8-foot memorial to the Rev. Dr. H. E. Montgomery who died in 1874. Designed by architect Henry Hobson Richardson, it incorporated bronze panels by Auguste St. Gaudens. The Gothic memorial consisted of carved sandstone and marble and cost the donors $1,500. There was only one other memorial—a white marble tablet to Admiral Farragut—in the church.
Dormers with leaded glass openings provide additional light to the interior.
In 1882 Sexton James P. Tibbitts was concerned that the gas light burners were too near the ceiling. Workmen were brought in to lower the fixtures to prevent fire. The cautionary move produced the opposite result.
Instead of sending an alarm to the fire department, Garvin ran to the house of Sexton Tibbitts at No. 1284 Broadway. By the time Tibbitts got to the church the fire had advanced. "When firemen entered by the chapel door the flames were bursting through the floor of the church behind the chancel and in the passageway leading from the chancel to the chapel," reported The Times.
Inside the building highly-expensive items were lost, like the $20,000 organ by Erben which had replaced the original; and the $15,000 memorial window in the west end of the church. "The roof of the church, with the exception of a small portion toward the front, was destroyed, but the walls of the building and the square tower on the south-west corner of the structure were intact. The chancel was burned out entirely, and the handsome fount and reading-desks were destroyed," reported The New York Times.
The damage was estimated at $50,000, all of which was covered by insurance. Rather than demolish the ruins and start over; the congregation opted to repair their beloved structure. On June 29, 1882 John L. Riker announced plans for the rebuilding of the church. "The walls are to be taken down and the structure rebuilt as it was before the fire," reported a newspaper.
Two days later the Real Estate Record & Builders' Guide noted that the architects chosen for the project were brothers David and John Jardine. The church was enlarged "and improved," and the construction was completed by Christmas. The cost of rebuilding and outfitting the building was $75,000. The architects respected Little's original exterior design; however the "interior presents an entirely new appearance," according to The New York Times on December 25, 1882.
Although the church was reopened in December, it would take years to totally complete the renovations. In May 1883 the installation of the new organ was completed and a "complimentary concert" was given.
William Garvin, the sexton who had discovered the fire in 1882, was an Irish immigrant. A widower, he lived with his two sons and a daughter in Brooklyn. On the evening of Saturday June 17, 1892 Rev. Dr. Arthur Brooks reminded him to lock up and be back early to open the church for services. When Sexton Jackson arrived at 10:00 on Sunday morning, he was surprised to find the choir waiting outside and the doors still locked.
"Jackson opened the door with his own keys, and found Garvin lying dead in one of the aisles," reported The Times. He had apparently suffered a massive stroke.
The stained glass windows were executed by the Tiffany Glass and Decorating Company; two by La Farge; and seven by Henry Holiday in England.
Helen Henderson was nearly alone in her opinions. The Times considered the Holiday windows "of the highest character" and said that La Farge's windows "both well represent him." The baptismal font was sculpted by Louis St. Gaudens and surmounted by a figure of John the Baptist. "This work is attractive in many ways, and marks a commendable departure from the inartistic architectural designs of fonts generally seen in other churches," said the newspaper.
In 1896 the trustees hired architects Heins & La Farge to enlarge the church by moving the rear wall back six feet. The renovation cost the congregation $5,000.
The neighborhood around the Church of the Incarnation changed in the 20th century. The mansions of Madison Avenue were replaced by office buildings that towered over the Gothic stone structure. But the residential side streets of Murray Hill remained upscale and the congregation continued to be well heeled.
A mid-century postcard depicted the impressive church.
A century after the rebuilding of the Church of the Incarnation, its age was posing a danger. In 1990 chunks of stone began falling off the building, prompting officials to erect scaffolding with mesh netting to protest pedestrians. The following year a $1 million restoration was initiated. The reddish tone of the brownstone reappeared after 127 years of city soot was removed. The roof and the masonry were repaired.
Ornate iron gates protect to portico.
Another restoration was conducted in 2014. Despite Helen Henderson's pedantic rant in 1909, the Church of the Incarnation represents a treasure of 19th century architectural and artistic work.
So I am always curious, if as you say the critic Helen Henderson was nearly alone in her opinions, why is she quoted and not the majority opinion? Seems that the minority opinion is given more weight than the majority, especially in this example where she is clearly wrong and thankfully forgotten. I have the pleasure of walking past this church every evening after work. The interiors, windows and towering steeple are quite beautiful. I presume the parish townhouse was a later acquisition?
Contemporary critiques, good and bad, are part of the history of the building. We wouldn't want to simply ignore one side or the other, would we? Positive comments were included in this post. I think that including other views makes the story more interesting and well-rounded. The parish house was later, yes.


text:
Linda_Cardinelli Video Interview On The Founder: LOS ANGELES, CA - MAY 24: Actress Linda Cardellini attends the Premiere of Netflix's 'Bloodline' at Westwood Village Theatre on May 24, 2016 in Westwood, California. (Photo by Matt Winkelmeyer/Getty Images)
Linda Cardellini Bio: In Her Own Words – Video Exclusive, News, Photos, Age
by Catherine ValdezFebruary 26, 2017, 5:48 pmFebruary 26, 2017, 5:48 pmFebruary 26, 2017, 5:48 pmNews, U Bio >
Linda Cardellini is an American actress and voice actress. She is best known for her role as Lindsay Weir in the teen drama Freaks And Geeks. This Linda Cardellini bio will let the actress tell her story in her own words.
Linda Cardellini Bio: Early Life, Age
Linda Cardellini was born on June 25, 1975 (Linda Cardellini age: 46) in Redwood City, California but raised in the San Francisco Bay Area. She is of Italian, Irish-English, as well as Scottish and German descent. She began acting in school productions starting at the age of ten. She graduated from St. Francis High School. In order to pursue an acting career she moved to Los Angeles shortly after graduation. In 2000, she graduated from Loyola Marymount University with a degree in theater arts.
Linda Cardellini Bio: Early Career
Like most young actresses, upon moving to Los Angeles Linda Cardellini started out with small roles such as small parts in commercials. Cardellini recalls her very first auditions as challenging. "It was hard. It's still hard sometimes. Auditioning is difficult," she told uInterview exclusively. "I'm trying to think of my first experience… When you first start you audition for a lot of commercials — audition for anything you can get an audition for, and just try to tag along to other people's auditions… Well the first story about it? There are just too many and they're all mostly embarrassing. It's a very vulnerable situation, but I remember trying to go in for a commercial and they said 'can you speak Spanish?' I said, 'Oh, sure! I can speak Spanish,; and you know I spoke some Spanish from high school, but I certainty didn't understand what I was being told, and I tried to pull off a commercial audition in Spanish and i was not as fluent as other people. It was a disaster."
Cardellini's first significant role was as Sarah in Bone Chillers, a Goosebumps-like series that chronicles the hauntings, possessions and general creepy encounters that occur to a group of high school freshman. Cardellini went on to have recurring roles in television shows such as Step by Step, Clueless, 3rd Rock from the Sun and Boy Meets World.
She received a starting part in the miniseries The Lot.
Linda Cardellini Bio: Film and Television
Cardellini received national exposure with her starring role as Lindsay Weir in Freaks and Geeks, a show about a girl's existential crisis as she tries to re-make herself and deal with the normal problems of high school life. She also played beloved cartoon character Velma Dinkley in two early 2000s live-action reboots of Scooby-Doo. In 2003 she joined the main cast of ER as Samantha Taggart, staying with the show for 6 seasons until its finale in 2009. During her time on the show, the cast won the TV Land ensemble Icon Award in 2009. Her role as Sylvia Rosen in Mad Men also earned her a nomination for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series in the 2013 Primetime Emmy Awards.
Cardellini has also starred in many successful films. Among them include, Dead Man On Campus, Strangeland, Good Burger, Legally Blonde, Kill The Irishman and Return. Her 2005 role of Cassie Cartwright in Brokeback Mountain earned her two more ensemble cast nominations from the Gotham Awards and the Screen Actors Guild.
In 2016 she stared in the bio-pic The Founder as Joan Smith, the mistress of McDonald's franchise founder Ray Kroc (Michael Keaton).
Cardellini was interested in the complexity of her character, and how Joan was neither good or evil in this story. "I watched YouTubes and I read a lot, and even still, now I'm fascinated with her, and I'm reading the book even though it won't help me for the part anymore, the movie's already in the can!" she told uInterview exclusively. " But I'm fascinated by the idea of her because when he passed away and left her his fortune, she went and gave it all away. And I think that's a really beautiful twist in the story."
Linda Cardellini Bio: Theatre
Cardellini never truly left her theater roots and has acted in various stage productions. In 1999 she toured in a European production of fourteenth-century Dutch tragedy, Lancelot.
In 2010, Cardellini toured with the Dr. God comedy group in Los Angeles and San Francisco.
Linda Cardellini Bio: Voice Acting
The prolific actress has lent her voice to many characters. She can be recognized as the voice behind animated characters Bliss Goode from The Goode Family, Wendy from Gravity Falls, C.J. from Regular Show, and Megan Sparkles from Sanjay and Craig. She can also be heard as videogame characters Ursala in the R.P.G. Gladius, Velma in Scooby-Doo 2: Monsters Unleashed, and Cordelia Starling in Lollipop Chainsaw.
Cardellini has also had a recurring role in the critically acclaimed podcast, The Thrilling Adventure Hour.
Linda Cardellini Bio: Personal Life
Cardellini dated her Freaks And Geeks co-star Jason Segel, who played her on-screen romantic love-interest, from 2000 until 2005. She got engaged to Steven Rodriguez in 2013. The couple has a daughter, Lilah-Rose, who was born in 2012.
Bios Freaks and Geeks Jason Segel Linda Cardellini
'Dead To Me' Star Christina Applegate Gained 40 Pounds In Struggle With Multiple Sclerosis
'Freaks & Geeks' Star Jerry Messing Partially Paralyzed After Contracting COVID-19
Vanessa Hudgens Hosts 2020 MTV Movie & TV Awards
Article by Catherine Valdez
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Les Corsaires du bois de Boulogne est un film français de Norbert Carbonnaux sorti en 1954.

Synopsis
Avides d'argent et de gloire, trois chanteurs des rues sans public, Hector Colomb, Adèle et Cyprien, s'inspirent des exploits de Thor Heyerdahl et d'Alain Bombard pour attirer l'attention sur eux en devenant des « naufragés volontaires ». Dans ce but, ils commencent par abattre plusieurs arbres dans le bois de Boulogne. La police intervient et embarque par erreur avec Hector et Cyprien, la fille de l'industriel Grossac. Celui-ci décide de financer la construction par les chantiers navals de Saint-Tropez, du radeau L'Orthodoxe, à partir de troncs d'arbres du bois de Boulogne.

Cyprien prend des leçons de navigation pour se préparer à remplir ses futures fonctions de capitaine. Mais lorsque le radeau est lancé à Saint-Tropez, il coule dans le port. Le trio songe à abandonner et à regagner Paris, mais la seconde tentative sera la bonne.

Après plusieurs mois de mer, le radeau reviendra de lui-même à son point de départ, et s'échouera sur une plage voisine de Saint-Tropez. Une publicité bien orchestrée assurera cependant aux "naufragés volontaires" un retour triomphal à Paris. Ils feront fortune en conseillant et aidant tous ceux qui seront tentés par une aventure similaire, et Cyprien épousera Caroline Grossac.

Fiche technique
 Titre : Les Corsaires du bois de Boulogne
 Réalisation : Norbert Carbonnaux, assisté de Georges Lautner et Yannick Andréi
 Scénario, adaptation et dialogues : Norbert Carbonnaux et Fred Kassak (non crédité)
 Photographie : Pierre Petit
 Son : Julien Coutellier, assisté de Jean Bareuil et Jeanne Vissière
 Montage : Marinette Cadix, assistée d'Olivier Grégoire
 Musique : Norbert Glanzberg
 Production : Pierre Chicherio
 Société de production : Pecefilms
 Société de distribution : Sofradis
 Format : Noir et blanc - 35 mm - 1,37:1 - Son mono
 Genre : Comédie
 Durée : 77 minutes
 Date de sortie :
 Visa d'exploitation : 14387

Distribution
 Raymond Bussières : Hector Colomb, chanteur des rues
 Annette Poivre : Adèle, chanteuse des rues
 Christian Duvaleix : Cyprien, chanteur des rues
 Jean Ozenne : Marcel Grossac, industriel
 Denise Grey :  Grossac, sa femme
 Véra Norman : Caroline Grossac, sa fille
 Louis de Funès : le commissaire de police
 Sophie Sel : la domestique des Grossac
 Jess Hahn : le marin américain
 Mario David : l'athlète qui court au bois
 Jack Ary : un gendarme
 Christian Brocard : le crieur de journaux
 Laure Paillette : la patronne du café
 Georges Lautner : le radio amateur
 Le Rampeü de Saint-Tropez et l'union philharmonique des Maures

Production
Le tournage a eu lieu du  au .

Notes et références

Liens externes

Film français sorti en 1954
Film français en noir et blanc
Comédie française

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Napoleon Bernanke
Monday, 5/18/2009 10:08
"On to Moscow!" cries the US commander, driving his UK and European allies to arms...
EARLY THIS MAY, the European Central Bank squared its shoulders and joined ranks of the damned, writes Bill Bonner in his Daily Reckoning.
The Times of London reported that in joining up with the US Federal Reserve Bank and the Bank of England, the ECB "pulled out all the stops" in their drive to revive the 16 national economies under its charge.
The ECB announced that it will cut its key lending rate to its lowest level ever and begin a form of "quantitative easing" in which it will buy corporate debt in order to reduce commercial interest rates. Details to follow, it said.
But "stops" – when pulled out – are to central bankers what safety fuses are to electricians. You may take them out when you really want to get the juice flowing; but your house might burn down.
Thus did the European mobilization get under-way. Reluctant allies, they set off to join the battle against capitalism...with no reliable maps...with insufficient supplies and a strategy elaborated by incompetents. Of course, the gods must have laughed at Napoleon too. His armies had been cut off and destroyed in Egypt. Then, his Peninsular Campaign was a disaster.
But the plan to attack Russia topped them all; even the draft horses must have snickered.
It doesn't seem to bother the Europeans that their American commander is the same fellow who failed to spot the biggest bubble in history until it blew up in his face. Nor that their field marshal has no idea of the lay of the land; nor that anyone on either side of the Atlantic seems to know where they are going; nor that, wherever it is, it will cost more to get there than they've got.
Last week the Obama government revealed its new US budget deficit. If nothing goes wrong, it will reach $1.84 trillion this year – nearly 400% of the record set last year. In 2009, the US government will borrow 50 cents for every dollar it spends. Accumulated deficits to 2019 will reach $7.1 trillion, says the forecast. Moody's was so alarmed it warned that the US may lose its Triple-A bond rating, which it has had since 1917.
But even as bad as it looks, Obama's budget map is still fanciful. Its mountains are made of whipped cream and its rivers run with scotch. It imagines a loss of only 1.2% of GDP in the current downturn...and a quick return to growth, with a 3% increase in 2010.
Yet, the last report showed the US economy contracting at a 6% annual rate. As for growth in 2010...where would it come from? Consumer credit is falling at its fastest pace in 18 years. Consumer incomes are falling too – down 1.2% in the last 12 months. If there were any lasting consequences of this downturn, opines the New York Times, it is likely to be the "shift to savings" by the US consumer.
Meanwhile, businesses aren't exactly hankering to spend either. Even if they had the money, businesses wouldn't expand; they don't have to. Spiders build their webs on America's remaining assembly lines with little risk of being disturbed; one out of every three factories is quiet. Until existing capacity is put to work, businesses will have no power to raise prices and no need to add to their facilities.
And yet Napoleon Bernanke is upbeat. The troops will be home "before Christmas" he says. But the central banks' calendars are no better than their maps. In 2004, Dr.Bernanke credited improved monetary policy with having created what he called "the Great Moderation" – the period of strong growth and low-inflation since the mid-'80s. Specifically, he was referring to the Fed's policy of 'inflation targeting', which presumes that the inflation numbers carry all the information the Fed needs to guide an economy.
This was the map the Fed was using seven years ago. Then, a tiny recession took GDP down to all of 0.2% over an 8-month period. The Fed panicked. Its emergency policy pushed the fed funds rate well below the rate of consumer price inflation and left it there for two years. This was not merely a slight miscalculation. It was a fatal strategic error, say professors Carr and Beese of the University of Akron. Not only did the Fed's map fail to warn them; it actually sent the economy over a cliff:
"The low interest rates signaled...that credit was inexpensive and readily available...[then] the Federal Reserve moved from a low accommodative interest rate policy to one of a steady and consistent increasing of interest rates between 2004 and 2007...and became a prime cause of the financial services mortgage crisis of 2008."
Today, central banks use the same computers, same theories, and same maps they had seven years ago. With these feeble instruments, they set out to go where no central bank has ever gone before – borrowing, inflating, and intervening on a scale that would have been unimaginable a few years ago. Where will they end up?
We will take a guess: this grande armee sets off on the road to recovery with the wind at its back; it will end up in Moscow with snow on its face.