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The Leadership Conversations Part IV: The Role of Strategic Planning in Today's Nonprofit Environment
by By Vice President Cathy Card Sterling and Andrew Bowman, President, Land Trust Alliance | Dec 6, 2018 | Essays & Editorials | 0 comments
In our series "The Leadership Conversations," we've been exploring topics and issues critical to the health of nonprofits with some of our nation's top nonprofit leaders. This installment is a conversation with Andrew Bowman, president of the Land Trust Alliance, about the role of strategic planning in today's nonprofit environment.
The Land Trust Alliance is a national land conservation organization that works to save the places people need and love by strengthening land conservation across America. Based in Washington, D.C., the Alliance leads and serves a community of 1,000 nonprofit land trusts, with 200,000 volunteers and 4.6 million supporters. Land trusts collectively have conserved more than 56 million acres of parks and playgrounds, vital waters and wildlife habitats, family farms and working ranches, and the special places that give us life and connect us to our culture, history and one another.
Before joining the Alliance in February 2016, Andrew served as the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation's program director for the environment. In that capacity, he oversaw all environmental grant making for the foundation. During his 11 years at the foundation, Andrew developed and obtained approval of $100 million in grants. He also served for a time there as director of the foundation's Climate Change Initiative, a five-year grants program focused on climate change mitigation.
Prior to his work at the foundation, Andrew practiced law in Oregon for Defenders of Wildlife and at the law firm Perkins Coie LLP. He remains an active member of the Oregon State Bar.
Cathy Card Sterling (CCS): When you first arrived at the Land Trust Alliance, you inaugurated a strategic planning process. What were the main issues you wanted to address? Why were these issues the most significant to you?
Andrew Bowman (AJB): I assumed my role as president of the Land Trust Alliance in February of 2016. Just a few days before my official start date, the organization celebrated the successful completion of a capital campaign, which was designed to advance the organization's 2010–2017 strategic plan. Not only was it time to start thinking about our next plan, but selfishly as the new president, I wanted to put my stamp on a new plan. We started laying the groundwork for our new plan in 2016, and the formal work started in early 2017.
We started by evaluating our performance and the impact of our previous plan. It became clear that we were doing many things right—and we will continue doing them. However, we surfaced two critical challenges:
1. The organization had a lot of what I'll call "deferred maintenance." I made the decision early on to practice extreme transparency; I acknowledged to our land trust members and our Board of Directors that we had a need to focus on ourselves.
2. Even before I came to the Alliance, I recognized that not enough people know or care about land trusts or private land conservation. I wanted to elevate the relevance of land trusts and their work to a new level.
So our plan ensures we will keep doing the valued, high-impact things we've been doing, but layered on top of that is a recognition that we need to focus on our own operations and on making conservation and the work of land trusts relevant to many more people.
CCS: What was the make-up of the working strategic planning group in terms of Board and staff and other stakeholders? What were the advantages of bringing together this combination of people?
AJB: We retained a consultant who encouraged us to set up a strategic planning team with eight staff members and two Board members. We were careful to ensure a mix of different perspectives and skill sets on our planning team, with representation across different departments and with different lengths of tenure at the organization. We also made a point to avoid selecting what I'll call the usual suspects; we wanted new voices in the mix. The one constant was that they were all smart, thoughtful and eager to engage.
Notably, I was not on the team; I wanted the team members to be able to be open and candid and to feel ownership of the process and the ultimate plan. The energy and enthusiasm for this process was terrific. They didn't pull their punches, either; they were diligent in surfacing problems and creative in recommending solutions.
CCS: What was the strategic planning process? Who were the key outside stakeholders involved in this process?
AJB: The consultant put in place a three-step process. It started with a discovery phase, which lasted about five months, in which they framed the issues. The firm did a comparative analysis of other similar organizations—both inside and outside of our sector—and benchmarked best practices. Then they conducted stakeholder interviews with Board members, donors, partners, policymakers and land trust members. The firm also prepared a comprehensive analysis of our revenue model and development practices. Finally, they fielded a staff survey and conducted focus groups with staff.
The results of all of this work were shared with the strategic planning team, whose role was to spend two months developing key findings and recommendations. They reaffirmed the Alliance's mission, vision and values, refined our model for impact, articulated our unique value proposition, revisited our business model and established near-term priorities. Ultimately, they produced a document that included a problem statement, a case for change, a vision, our value proposition and recommendations for organizational priorities.
From there I stepped in, along with other members of my executive management team, to work with the strategy team and the consultant to refine the recommendations and draft the actual plan.
I should note that a key component of the planning process was stakeholder engagement—beyond the initial interviews. From the beginning, we identified points at which we would brief our Board, staff, and the Land Trust Leadership Council—an important group of roughly 50 executive directors from high-impact land trusts from across the nation that represent well the constituency we serve. This was an iterative process.
I should share that at one presentation to the Leadership Council in particular, I made the decision, in spite of some personal misgivings, to be completely candid about our organizational challenges. The response could not have been more gratifying and validating. They welcomed my transparency and even stepped up to offer suggestions for how they could help. It was a watershed moment in the development of the plan itself; their support gave us the courage to be open about the need to focus resources and attention on our own organizational needs. As one stakeholder put it, we needed to put on our own oxygen mask before making sure our seatmate had access to air.
CCS: Was the vision or mission reviewed and changed through this process? If so, how did that affect the goals and outcomes of the plan?
AJB: The strategy team recommended a small but important change to our mission statement. Specifically, we added two words, "need and": "The mission of the Land Trust Alliance is to save the places people need and love by strengthening land conservation across America." This reflects our goal to become more relevant. We recognize that while many of those who are already committed to our cause came because of a love of the land, for far too many Americans land and land conservation play little or no role in their lives, at least as far as they are aware. Yet we know that conserved, well-managed land provides pure drinking water, healthy food, clean air and places to reflect and recreate as well as protection from natural disasters, such as floods and drought. It also absorbs and keeps carbon from the Earth's atmosphere. In other words, regardless of whether you love the land, you need it! (Though we certainly hope to convince more people to love it.)
CCS: What were the big picture outcomes that emerged from this process?
AJB: We carefully laid out the challenges we face as an organization and as a community. Based on that we defined four conservation goals: Relevance, rate, rigor and resilience. Relevance was new to the picture.
We also articulated our strategic approach and value proposition, with a focus on four areas of activity: capacity building, advocacy, collaborative leadership and convening. We laid out a model for how each of these activities impacts land trusts, land conservation and, ultimately, the nation as a whole.
The core of the plan is three priority initiatives: (1) Invest in internal organizational capacity needs to make the Alliance a more vital and sustainable institution; (2) Prioritize and deliver programs and services most important to land trusts; and (3) Design and launch a coalition-based "relevance campaign" to elevate the importance of land conservation in every community.
CCS: What were the internal steps you took to implement the new strategic plan? What were or are the challenges to implementing the new plan?
AJB: It's always a challenge to move from a high-level strategic document to a tactical plan, and it is essential to involve staff in that process. In fact, I would argue that you would never get the breadth of information and perspective that you need without their input.
The strategic plan was adopted by our Board in February of 2018. We continued to work with the consultant on an implementation plan, but, honestly, as well as they knew us and our work, they did not have the depth of understanding of our day-to-day operations and our expertise—of how we do what we do.
So, the rubber really hit the road this past summer in the context of our 2019 work planning. First, the executive management team developed ten objectives that support the three priority initiatives identified in the plan. I then asked each department to develop strategies to advance those objectives over the life of this plan. Importantly, I urged them to consider their roles in achieving all of the objectives, not just those that were clearly in their wheelhouse. In other words, the relevance campaign is not solely the responsibility of the communications team; we will not be successful in this endeavor if development doesn't help raise funds for campaign development, if our field staff don't provide us with stories to support the campaign messages, if our technology team doesn't prepare for adding new names to our database, etc.
Again, the executive management team consolidated and refined the identified strategies. The resulting list, along with the goals and objectives that make up the implementation plan, will guide our work over the next four years. For example, all 2019 work plans produced by the Alliance's various departments adhere to those strategies, providing a marriage of the big-picture vision and all of the steps it will take us to get there.
Importantly, that process, which involved every member of our staff, provides staff with ownership of the plan. They can all see their roles in advancing the objectives and, importantly, how we will all need to work together to attain our goals. Every individual and every department is essential to our success.
CCS: Does the new strategic plan impact or change the business model for the Alliance? If so, how?
AJB: Our core work areas of focus do not change, but we are revisiting our revenue model, for example. We have more clarity on how we prioritize our work. One goal is that we get better at saying no—we simply can't do everything at once or prior to finding additional resources. We are also recognizing a need to be better integrated across teams. And, of course, the relevance campaign is a huge new priority for us.
CCS: How will you evaluate the plan over time?
AJB: The strategic plan identified metrics for each of the priority initiatives, which was an area of focus for the strategic planning team. Moreover, as part of the development of the implementation plan, staff were asked to identify what we should measure to track our progress against our strategies, objectives and priority initiatives. We still have work to do to set baselines for these, but knowing what we want to measure is an important first step.
CCS: How did or will you communicate the plan to members and stakeholders? Is the plan primarily an internal document, or is it being used to help member trusts think about their role in their communities?
AJB: Again, I am committed to transparency. Moreover, because we are a membership organization, what we do has an impact on the land trust community; in some ways, this is a plan for the community.
We had an extensive communications plan in place once the plan was approved. We published the full plan and an executive summary to our website and we made printed versions of the executive summary available to stakeholders as well. We designed a PowerPoint presentation for staff to deliver to stakeholders around the country. We published a story in our magazine about the plan, and we devoted an issue of our monthly e-news to it as well. The great news is that, again, we got terrific feedback. In fact, some of our members have written posts for our blog in support of the plan.
AJB: Core to the Alliance's work on behalf of our land trusts members—historically and in our new strategic plan—is our federal policy program. As of this writing, we have just learned that Congress has reached agreement on the new Farm Bill, which is a significant source of federal funding for conservation and a priority for our organization. While we do not have all the details, we do know that our priorities will be reflected in the new legislation. This is terrific example of how our community has come together and stepped up under our leadership to advance our interests on Capitol Hill. Our members helped us identify key provisions, flew to D.C. to meet with their representatives, and have already started working with the Natural Resources Conservation Service on rulemaking for the conservation title.
Land conservation is controversial here in Utah, but the Alliance's Advocacy Program has allowed us to find common cause with our elected officials. And that saves land. —Cheryl Fox, Executive Director, Summit Land Conservancy in Utah
The Leadership Conversations
The Leadership Conversations – Part I: Building a Culture of Philanthropy
What I Took Away


Here's an exterior shot of my new metalsmithing studio. There is some more landscaping work I plan to do yet, but this gives a pretty good overall image of the structure. It's been 3 years in the making, but I've finally moved in! I admit when I first began building this it wasn't intended to be my studio, but as things progressed it seemed like the ideal use. It is designed to be heated by passive solar gain and whatever waste heat my torches give off. Power is supplied by solar panels with a battery bank. It's just a bit under 200 square feet. This is slightly smaller than the old studio. When moving in I decided what was clutter and what was really being used. The clutter and equipment I rarely use was left in the old building. Everything I need fits in here just fine.


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found 43 items where the county is Delaware and the state is New York. Showing page 1 of 3.
Andes Central School District. ( Andes, New York United States) [OPALS]
Andes, NY. ( Andes, New York United States) [Symphony]
Bovina Center, NY. ( Bovina Center, New York United States) [Symphony]
Charlotte Valley Central School District. ( Davenport, New York United States) [OPALS]
College of Technology at Delhi. ( Delhi, New York United States) [Alma]
( Norwich, New York United States) [OPALS]
Delhi Central School District. ( Delhi, New York United States) [OPALS]
Delhi, NY. ( Delhi, New York United States) [Symphony]
Deposit Central School District. ( Deposit, New York United States)
Deposit Central School District. ( Deposit, New York United States) [OPALS]
Downsville Central School District. ( Downsville, New York United States) [OPALS]
Family Foundation School. ( Hancock, New York United States) [OPALS]
Fleischmanns, NY. ( Fleischmanns, New York United States) [Symphony]
Franklin Central School District. ( Franklin, New York United States) [OPALS]
Franklin, NY. ( Franklin, New York United States) [Symphony]
Hancock Central School District. ( Hancock, New York United States) [OPALS]
indicates that the library participates in a consortium for its automation system.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Is Liverpool About To Become A World Class Business Location
Liverpool City Council's Cabinet has formally endorsed a Spatial Regeneration Framework (SRF) which could lead to the delivery of up to two million sq ft of new commercial space in the city centre over the next 15 years.
The Commercial Business District (CBD) SRF has identified 12 key sites as places for possible expansion in a bid to address the district's falling supply of Grade A office space and enable Liverpool to compete with other UK cities in attracting major companies.
The CBD SRF, which was proposed to the public this summer, also provides an overarching vision, design guidelines and development principles to direct future growth and enhance connectivity with neighboring areas such as Peel's £5bn Liverpool Waters scheme and the emerging Ten Streets in North Liverpool.
Arup developed the document as the project lead and town planning consultants, architects and master planners shedkm, heritage consultant Rob Burns, and property consultant Worthington Owen.
Liverpool BID Company, other company private sector, private sector partners and the city council, jointly commissioned the SRF with a brief to develop the vibrancy and attractiveness of CBD.
The overriding objective of the wider CDB – SRF is to enable business growth, inward investment and job creation, will successfully deliver place-making with environment enhancements, improved connections and complimentary retail and leisure users, making CBD a desirable place to be, day and night.
This is vital to grow the City's office market and facilitate a step-change in Liverpool's office economy.
Mayor of Liverpool Joe Anderson said:
"To be a world class business location a city needs a commercial district that can offer opportunity, flexibility, connectivity and quality – in its buildings and its streets.
"The supply of Grade A office space is critical to attracting major investors and jobs and this Spatial Regeneration Framework will underpin our long-term vision to deliver that.
"This SRF shows that Liverpool's potential is huge. All the ingredients are there to transform our ambitions into reality. We must now maximise every opportunity to ensure our commercial district fulfils its role as a major engine in the Liverpool Powerhouse and UK economy."


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Exclusive: Saint Laurent Muse Anja Rubik Strips Down for Legendary Photographer Nobuyoshi Araki
Photographs ©Nobuyoshi Araki/Courtesy of Taka Ishii Gallery
Known for confrontational, often very explicit bondage-themed images, Japanese photographer Nobuyoshi Araki has long been a favorite of Saint Laurent designer Anthony Vaccarello. While Araki's fetishistic photography has often been described as shocking, its larger purpose is to expose the hypocrisy of conservative mores—something Vaccarello says also applies to the work of Yves Saint Laurent, as well as to his own. "I've always loved the side of Araki that's extremely free," he says. "He's not working out of oppression or concern for how others see him. He does what he wants, and there's poetry in that freedom. Monsieur Saint Laurent never explicitly looked to shock either. He just worked in the context of a bland, bourgeois, and uniform society." Several months ago, while on a trip to Tokyo, Vaccarello summoned the nerve to approach the septuagenarian photographer. "I told myself it was now or never to work with him," Vaccarello says. "He was really enthusiastic. It all came together very quickly." The shoot took two hours, and the set was closed off to everyone except Araki, his assistant, Vaccarello, and the model Anja Rubik. Here, an exclusive look at the collaboration.
Model Anja Rubik wears clothes and accessories Saint Laurent by Anthony Vaccarello.
Nicole Kidman Teams With a Pen15 Alum For Her Next HBO Thriller
By Claire Valentine


Semper International has an immediate opening in the Waldorf, MD area.
We are seeking to hire a part-time skilled Heidelberg Letterpress Operator.
This candidate must have reliable transportation to and from work. This location does not offer public transportation.


Casa Angela, Conchas Chinas, Puerto Vallarta Real Estate.- The most spectacular Conchas Chinas luxury estate. With over 22,000 Sq. Ft. of tropical style living with privacy and the finest view of the entire bay and town.
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There is only one chance to own this incomparable estate!


Eating three meals a day is something many of us take for granted. Unfortunately, some of our Cleveland community is not so lucky. That's especially hard for the children of those families during the two-week school break during winter. Thanks to the Jewish Federation of Cleveland, the Cleveland Food Bank and the Garden Valley Neighborhood House, a group of children receive more than just the basic necessities with the Winter Lunch Program.
To find out about the Winter Lunch Program or other volunteer opportunities, contact Susan Hyman at 216-593-2887 or shyman@jcfcleve.org.
Read the cleveland.com article now.
View the photos on Facebook.


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Karabakh conflict painful for Europe must be resolved - OSCE
BAKU, Azerbaijan, Dec. 9
OSCE has great potential in resolving the Armenia-Azerbaijan Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, but political leaders must demonstrate their will, President of the OSCE PA George Tsereteli said, Trend reports Dec. 9.
Tsereteli noted that discussions on resolving the conflict and meetings held between political leaders are very important and, in the first place, meet the interests of the peoples of the South Caucasus.
"At a meeting of the OSCE Foreign Ministers Council, we discussed the upcoming snap elections, Azerbaijan's participation in the OSCE and the reform process with the Azerbaijani foreign minister," the OSCE PA president said. "As for the meetings of Azerbaijan's and Armenia's political leaders, including the foreign ministers, I think that they should always be hailed."
"That's because for the conflict's settlement, there must be mutual understanding as a means of peaceful settlement of the conflict," Tsereteli added. "I believe that the conflict that has begun decades ago and which is painful for Europe should be resolved. First of all, peoples of the South Caucasus are interested in the settlement of the conflict between Azerbaijan and Armenia. These meetings are valuable, and I am absolutely sure that this context is important."
The conflict between the two South Caucasus countries began in 1988 when Armenia made territorial claims against Azerbaijan. As a result of the ensuing war, Armenian armed forces occupied 20 percent of Azerbaijan, including the Nagorno-Karabakh region and seven surrounding districts.
The 1994 ceasefire agreement was followed by peace negotiations. Armenia has not yet implemented four UN Security Council resolutions on withdrawal of its armed forces from Nagorno Karabakh and the surrounding districts.
Follow Trend on Telegram. Only most interesting and important news
George Tsereteli
OSCE Minsk Group
Armenia violates ceasefire with Azerbaijan on Jan. 18-19
Nagorno-Karabakh conflict 10:00
Turkish Grand National Assembly ex-member: Renewal of parliament to give new impetus to Azerbaijan's development
Azerbaijani deputy PM: None of perpetrators of January 20 tragedy punished
Azerbaijan participates in International Green Week exhibition in Berlin (PHOTO)
Economy 18 January 21:09
How will new indicator on public procurement in WB Doing Business report work?
Finance 18 January 18:32
Hikmet Hajiyev: Parliamentary elections to be another important opportunity in transformation of Azerbaijani society
Jerusalem Post: January 20 - page of heroism in history of struggle for Azerbaijan's independence


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Los Berros (Spanish for The Watercresses) is a census-designated place in San Luis Obispo County, California. Los Berros sits at an elevation of . The 2010 United States census reported Los Berros's population was 641.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP covers an area of 2.5 square miles (6.5 km2), all of it land.

Demographics
The 2010 United States Census reported that Los Berros had a population of 641. The population density was . The racial makeup of Los Berros was 527 (82.2%) White, 4 (0.6%) African American, 1 (0.2%) Native American, 12 (1.9%) Asian, 1 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 45 (7.0%) from other races, and 51 (8.0%) from two or more races.  Hispanic or Latino of any race were 153 persons (23.9%).

The Census reported that 638 people (99.5% of the population) lived in households, 3 (0.5%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.

There were 211 households, out of which 84 (39.8%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 143 (67.8%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 16 (7.6%) had a female householder with no husband present, 4 (1.9%) had a male householder with no wife present.  There were 9 (4.3%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 4 (1.9%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 35 households (16.6%) were made up of individuals, and 20 (9.5%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.02.  There were 163 families (77.3% of all households); the average family size was 3.43.

The population was spread out, with 174 people (27.1%) under the age of 18, 36 people (5.6%) aged 18 to 24, 130 people (20.3%) aged 25 to 44, 187 people (29.2%) aged 45 to 64, and 114 people (17.8%) who were 65 years of age or older.  The median age was 40.8 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.2 males.  For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.4 males.

There were 233 housing units at an average density of , of which 144 (68.2%) were owner-occupied, and 67 (31.8%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 0.7%; the rental vacancy rate was 5.6%.  428 people (66.8% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 210 people (32.8%) lived in rental housing units.

References

Census-designated places in San Luis Obispo County, California
Census-designated places in California

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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by chrissythehyphenated | February 19, 2019 · 4:57 am
Great speech at the Munich Security Conference by @VP Pence.
He made the case America is economically stronger, more militarily dominant, and a better partner for the world at large due to the past two years of the Trump presidency.
I agree. #MSC2019https://t.co/sR7lMOJlzP
— Lindsey Graham (@LindseyGrahamSC) February 16, 2019
REPUBLICAN FOREIGN POLICY: America is great!
Joe Biden tells Europeans in Munich that America is 'an embarrassment' https://t.co/8CoBV3UFCP
— Washington Examiner (@dcexaminer) February 16, 2019
DEMOCRAT FOREIGN POLICY: America sucks!
POINTLESS POSTURING: It's the one thing Democrats are good at – House Speaker Nancy Pelosi has vowed to pass a resolution to rescind President Trump's national emergency declaration. She no doubt got the votes in the House.
But even if the Senate also passes it, Trump would no doubt veto it and after which the House (54.4% Democrat) and Senate (53% Republican) could try to override that veto. Nancy would need all the Democrats and 26 (if I did the math right) Republicans to do that.
But let's just suppose the House did pass it. McConnell has the power to ignore that House vote and refuse to reconsider it at all.
https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/congress/how-mitch-mcconnell-could-save-trumps-border-wall
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/116th_United_States_Congress
WILLIAM JACOBSON ON NATIONAL EMERGENCY DECLARATION: From Legal Insurrection – The hysteria over Donald Trump's National Emergency Proclamation with regard to the Mexican border is peak stupid even by the standards of the times, in which almost everything Trump does is portrayed with cataclysmic predictions.
Trump is using a statute Congress passed, the National Emergencies Act, which enables the president, among other things, to spend money already authorized by Congress. It's not unrestrained power by any means; in fact, the spending is relatively narrow.
And it is not nearly the equivalent of what Obama did on immigration. Obama implemented executive policies which directly contravened existing legislation and created a new class of persons, found nowhere in the immigration laws, who were immune from deportation because Obama said so.
Trump, by contrast, is not contravening any law, nor is he usurping Congress's control over spending authorization.
I understand that some Republican Senators genuinely are concerned about presidential powers under the National Emergencies Act. The remedy for that is to amend the Act or rescind it altogether.
https://legalinsurrection.com/2019/02/trump-border-emergency-proclamation-there-is-no-constitutional-crisis-and-trumps-likely-to-win/
NEW YORK SLIME REPORTS ON 2020 STRATEGY: "Republicans Hope to Sway Voters With Labels That Demonize Democrats" – Oh wow! What a novel idea! I wonder who Republicans could have ever gotten the idea from. Plus,you know, Democrats actually are socialists, baby-killers, and anti-Semites, which is another point.
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/17/us/republicans-democrats-messaging.html
FAKE NEWS: Journalists continue to push the false narrative that America is institutionally racist –
On Feb 9, 2019, the management of a fast-food restaurant in California called the police to report a driver passed out in a car in the drive-through lane of the restaurant, about 10:30 PM. The police observed a handgun (later learned to be stolen) in the driver's lap.
While officers were still positioning a patrol unit to the rear of the vehicle, and waiting for the supervisor, the driver began to suddenly move and looked at the uniformed patrol officers. Officers gave the driver several commands to put his hands up.
The driver did not comply and instead he quickly moved his hands downward for the firearm. Fearing for their safety, six officers fired their duty weapons at the driver. The driver died of his wounds.
Pretty straightforward, right? Here are the headlines that "journalists" came up with to damn the police in a fully justified, self-defense shooting:
"Six California police officers fatally shoot rapper found sleeping in car."
"Willie McCoy: Rapper shot dead by six police officers in California as he slept in car outside Taco Bell"
"6 Cops Kill Rapper Willie Bo While He Slept in His Car"
"An Aspiring Rapper Who Was Asleep Inside His Car Was Shot And Killed By California Police"
I wrote this headline, which I think is more truthful:
"Darwin Award Goes To Rapper Who Reached For Gun While Surrounded by Six Armed Officers of the Law"
https://legalinsurrection.com/2019/02/law-of-self-defense-did-police-shoot-suspect-for-crime-of-sleeping-in-car/
FAKE NEWS: Slime Stream Media "journalists" are busy blaming their own breathless reporting about Smollet's attack (not "alleged attack" or "reported attack", just "attack") by "MAGA hatted, homophobic racists" on credulous celebrities.
Oh, and the current rash of HATE CRIME HOAX and MSM FAKE NEWS stories is all due to "conservative pouncing." Or maybe it's seizing. It's so hard to keep track.
Don't hold your breath waiting on anyone to call out Democratic leaders and presidential hopefuls for all the seizing they did on Smollett's version of events or all the pouncing they did to condemn deplorable Trump supporters.
Perhaps the most pathetic and disturbing admission came from the executive assistant for the Washington Post's editorial board who lamented that Smollett wasn't actually targeted in a hate crime.
"I wanted to believe Smollett. I really did. I know that there is a deep, dark racist history in Chicago and, if proved true, this would be just one more point on the list. I wanted to believe him with every fiber of my being, most of all because the consequences if he were lying were almost too awful to contemplate. [If it is confirmed to be a hoax, the incident would be] "touted as proof that there is a leftist conspiracy to cast Trump supporters as violent."
Wow … so she thinks a vicious hate crime that allows her to continue demonizing the 63 million people who voted for Trump would have been better than a hoax where nobody was actually attacked or injured.
Silly us, thinking the media is biased against us.
https://twitchy.com/sarahd-313035/2019/02/18/but-firefighters-aps-shameless-spin-on-unraveling-jussie-smollett-case-is-why-people-cant-stand-the-media/
https://twitchy.com/sarahd-313035/2019/02/18/youre-the-journalist-brian-stelters-excuse-for-his-role-in-jussie-smollett-cluster-is-total-bull/
https://twitchy.com/samj-3930/2019/02/18/lying-or-shes-incompetent-frank-luntz-takes-voxs-liz-plank-apart-for-claiming-media-didnt-push-this-is-maga-country/
https://twitchy.com/dougp-3137/2019/02/18/so-pathetic-brian-stelter-tries-to-help-circle-the-wagons-around-msm-over-jussie-smollett-coverage-and-hoo-boy/
https://twitchy.com/samj-3930/2019/02/18/actual-journo-andy-ngo-has-been-chronicling-responses-about-jussiesmollett-in-1-huge-and-infuriating-thread-and-just-wow/
https://twitchy.com/gregp-3534/2019/02/18/voxs-liz-plank-runs-into-trouble-defending-the-medias-reporting-of-jussie-smollett-and-maga-country/
https://www.thegatewaypundit.com/2019/02/washington-post-editorial-boards-executive-assistant-heartbroken-jussie-smollett-may-have-staged-attack-says-she-needs-it-to-be-true/
FACEBOOK BS: I have joined the proud ranks of conservatives who have had posts blocked by Facebook – Yesterday, I couldn't post my brief paragraph about Jussie Smollett's hate crime hoax. Today, I see a bunch of others had similar problems.
Gee, Facebook actually noticed me!
In other news, complaints have reached the censor, so Facebook is no longer blocking Smollett hoax stories on conservative Facebook sites.
https://twitchy.com/sarahd-313035/2019/02/18/is-facebook-suppressing-conservative-journos-pieces-on-jussie-smollett/
JUSSIE SMOLLETT IS NOT JUST WICKED: He's also incompetent — Reportedly, the two men Smollett hired to fake beat him up told police that Smollett had scouted the location for his little drama, believing a security camera would record the incident. The camera wasn't aimed at the action, so FAIL. Wow … you'd think a professional television actor would know how to tell which way a camera is pointing, wouldn't you?!
My favorite tweet: "Jussie wisely realized that "victim" is the highest status one can achieve in 2019 America. Whole industries and movements thrive on the concept. Sadly, Jussie is too stupid to pull off the crime. Good effort though. Enjoy Jail."
https://twitchy.com/brettt-3136/2019/02/18/more-sources-tell-tmz-that-jussie-smollett-scouted-out-the-location-of-his-attack-rehearsed-it/
https://twitchy.com/samj-3930/2019/02/18/it-just-gets-worse-and-worse-if-true-you-wont-believe-how-far-jussie-smollett-was-willing-to-take-his-case-ok-you-might/
STILTON'S EXCELLENT RANT: As a general rule of thumb which is almost always true, if a "hate crime" has no witnesses other than the "victim," and involves a MAGA hat, a noose, or a swastika, the story is a lie. That may sound harsh, but in case after case after case it's true. Victimhood is the Olympic Gold Medal of Progressivism, and in today's media climate it's a very low bar to clear.
But is there any real harm committed when so-called "hate crimes" are completely faked? Absolutely. Because it makes any real victims in the future less likely to be believed, increases hate and division in our country, and steals resources from police and intelligence agencies.
Remember when Bill Clinton was president and there was a rash of black church burnings committed by godawful racists?! It got national attention (albeit a lot less attention was given to the subsequent revelation that the churches were being burned by blacks). But so serious was this supposed outbreak of racism that president Clinton reassigned the agencies who were supposed to be keeping an eye on Osama bin Laden to solving the church burnings. Yeah, that worked out well.
http://stiltonsplace.blogspot.com/2019/02/try-crow.html
TRUMP ERA FAKE HATE CRIMES: Daily Caller has compiled a list of 22 since Trump was elected. That's an average of nearly one per month!
https://amp.dailycaller.com/2019/02/18/hoax-hate-crimes-list
ANOTHER FAKE NARRATIVE: From Twitchy –
"Now hey, that Jussie Smollett fiasco is starting to really look bad for a number of leftist politicians and numerous professional journalists. We need a good old fashioned manufactured freakout to distract everyone away from the culpability!
"There are times when some may suggest a Journo-list-type marching order gets sent out in the left-wing stratosphere when deflection is needed. Then, there are times like tonight, when it is proven as an ironclad assurance."
"There is a methodology to generating these social media distractions …"
Place an innocuous story.
Tell Lefties that ALL of the conservative universe are reacting in EXACTLY the same manner.
Report on ensuing social media outrage over conservative behavior that never happened.
In response to 3, Paul Joseph Watson tweeted, "The notion that conservatives are at all bothered by Malia Obama having opinions or drinking wine is another fake narrative, just like the claim anyone was bothered by AOC dancing. Apart from a handful of incels on Twitter, no one cared."
Incel: Short for "involuntary celibate" – A person (usually male) who blames his lack of a sex life on things they can't help, instead of on the real problem, which is they're buttholes who treat women badly.
https://twitchy.com/brads-313037/2019/02/18/the-memos-went-out-eerily-identical-tweets-cover-the-very-hysterical-and-deeply-nonexistent-conservative-malia-obama-wine-freakouts/
A Jew brutally beaten last night in Brooklyn. Nothing stolen. Antisemitism is alive and well in NYC. Time for a hard look at who is doing it and its cause. This has been going on in NY long before Charlottesville or 2016 just ask anyone visibly Jewish. pic.twitter.com/z86dz32YBL
— Motti Seligson (@mottiseligson) January 30, 2019
MSM AND DEMOCRATS SILENT: The video above is from the SAME NIGHT that Jussie Smollett was not attacked. Smollett's fake hate crime garnered loads of attention. The actual hate crime got a single mention in The Jerusalem Post.
Ben Shapiro writes at Daily Wire about how anti-Semitic crimes are increasing yet, despite the traditionally strong support by Jews for the Democratic Party, the Left is yawning with boredom. Why? Because it doesn't promote their narrative.
https://www.jpost.com/Breaking-News/Brooklyn-Jewish-man-brutally-beaten-by-unidentified-assailants-579204
https://www.dailywire.com/news/43621/january-29-two-hate-crimes-occurred-media-only-ben-shapiro
Socialist Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D-NY) appears to think that everyone in Washington, D.C., is spying on her and texting about her pic.twitter.com/R9p373vAKl
— Ryan Saavedra (@RealSaavedra) February 18, 2019
AOC BLATHERS: She video'd herself saying Trump's wall is like the Berlin wall and that living in DC is so weird, cuz like, everyone spies on you and texts about you. Not like New York City, where there's a lot of "anomininity." Above is a tiny clip. In the entire Instagram live video, she said "like" 188+ times.
https://twitchy.com/samj-3930/2019/02/18/like-omg-aocs-video-comparing-border-wall-to-berlin-wall-claiming-shes-being-spied-on-is-off-the-charts-nutty-watch/
ELIZABETH WARREN LIES: I was skeptical about her claim, because my first post-college job was minimum wage. I couldn't support MYSELF. I had to share a one-bedroom apartment with another young woman and my boss was none too happy that I had to depend on public transportation. But there was no way on Earth I could've afforded a car on what he paid me. But I am a bit younger than Warren and it was college, not when I was "a kid." So I couldn't say from personal experience if Warren was right.
This guy could though: "Back when you were a kid, the minimum wage had the same purchasing power as $11 an hour has today. It was never enough to support a family of three. By the way, the poverty rate in 1964, when you were 15, was 19%. In 2017 it was 12.3%."
More fun version of the above:
"this must have been a long time ago in a galaxy far far away"
5 responses to "Bits & Bytes"
mindful webworker
Journalists continue to push the false narrative that America is institutionally racist
Don't know about the racism, don't care about dumb rappers passed out in public with pistols, but this does look like a bad case of police excess. Amazing Lucas looked at this. Video here.
You've got six cops standing around the car, pointing their guns, barking orders, flashing their lights in the face of a guy they know is asleep with a gun in his lap.
What a shockeroo, sleepyhead did not wake up and immediately respond perfectly. Indeed, reaching for one's weapon when one feels threatened is perfectly instinctive, especially if, as I presume, this fellow lives in a gangsta world where being armed and psyched, right or wrong, is a necessary constant.
The audio sounds like a string of firecrackers going off, they hit him so fast and hard. He was probably dead before he had a clue what was going on. Then they told him to put his hands up.
I'm no cop, and as Lucas says, maybe that's their trained procedure. But the way they set it up, the guy was basically doomed. As opposed to, say, blocking him in, but backing everybody 'way off, and using a loudspeaker as you might any other armed stand-off. (Even though there was no situation, in fact, other than overreaction to OMG GUN!)
If you're right, I sincerely hope the cops are punished. I HATE bad cops!
Charlie bit my finger – again !
That's approaching ONE BILLION views.
Still hilarious. Think I'll watch it again. 😀
Thought you could find a use for this, chrissy.
Pingback: OPV 2019 Feb 19 – Other People's Videos


text:
Statement from White House Press Secretary Announcing President's Senate Trial Counsel
Police investigating wounding at Beaconsfield
South Perth Altercation
South Perth Firearm Incident
Mirage News Business	May 9, 2019 1:30 pm AEST Date Time
Regulators urge financial institutions to plan for LIBOR transition
The Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC) has written to the CEOs of several major Australian financial institutions regarding their preparations for the end of LIBOR. This initiative is strongly supported by the Australian Prudential Regulation Authority (APRA) and the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA).
LIBOR (London Interbank Offered Rate) is deeply embedded in financial markets globally and is used by many Australian financial institutions in their contracts and business processes. The UK Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) has stated that it will no longer use its powers to sustain LIBOR beyond 2021.
The purpose of the letters is to better understand how major Australian financial institutions are preparing to transition away from LIBOR to alternative benchmarks. ASIC, APRA and RBA are seeking assurance that the senior management in these institutions fully appreciates the impact and risks and is taking appropriate action ahead of the end of 2021.
More broadly, the financial regulators expect all institutions that currently rely on LIBOR to consider the impact of LIBOR transition on their business. In particular, users of LIBOR should:
be aware of the size and nature of their exposures to LIBOR;
put in place robust fall-back provisions in contracts referencing LIBOR; and
be taking action to transition to alternative rates.
ASIC Commissioner Cathie Armour said, 'We encourage all firms that may have exposure to LIBOR to assess the extent of their use of LIBOR and to take timely action to plan for a world in which LIBOR is no longer available.'
RBA Deputy Governor Guy Debelle said, 'Financial regulators around the world expect institutions using LIBOR to be ready to transition to more robust benchmarks. If they haven't already done so, users need to identify their exposures to LIBOR now and be working on transitioning to alternative rates.'
The example letter at the link below may assist readers in considering how the transition from LIBOR may impact them.
Read the letter (PDF 73 KB)
Cathie Armour and Guy Debelle have both recently spoken publicly on this matter. Please view Ms Armour's comments here and Mr Debelle's comments here.
Tags:APRA, ASIC, Australia, Australian, Australian Securities and Investments Commission, bank, business, Commission, Commissioner, exposure, Impact, RBA, regulation, UK, world
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text:
Saturday December 17, 2011 06:57:03 AM, IANS
The government appears all set to pass the contentious Lokpal bill in parliament's winter session, even as Anna Hazare Thursday threatened »
No hurried decision on Lokpal, parties told government at meet
New Delhi: The government Friday said it will bring a strong Lokpal bill to parliament next week and asked Anna Hazare to have patience before he starts his indefinite fast Dec 27.
"Hazare should have patience. He has given his point of view. It is not the only view. It is for the government to consider all the views," Minister of State in Prime Minister's Office V. Narayanasamy told reporters outside parliament.
"The government and prime minister (Manmohan Singh) are committed to bring the Lokpal Bill," he said.
Narayansamy's comments came a day after Hazare called for a nationwide 'Jail Bharo' campaign from Jan 1 and called for protests outside Congress leaders Sonia Gandhi and her son Rahul Gandhi's homes if a strong Lokpal was not passed by parliament before the winter session ends Dec 22.
Sources said a special cabinet meeting is likely to discuss and approve the contentious bill Monday after Prime Minister Manmohan Singh returns from his Russia trip.
The sources said the government is finalising the amendments to the Lokpal bill, based on inputs received from the standing committee, various political parties and NGOs in order to give them wider acceptability, when the bill is expected to be brought in the Lok Sabha for consideration Dec 20.
Among the three main sticking points, the government has generally agreed to bring prime minister under the Lokpal with riders, and has to work out a mechanism to bring the 57 lakh strong lower bureaucracy and the Central Bureau of Investigation under the anti-graft ombudsman, the sources said.
Sources said the government might also consider the standing committee recommendation providing 50 percent reservation for Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes, backward castes and minorities in the search committee for the Lokpal.
The parliament may be extended for a day if required, said sources.
The opposition has already assured the government the house could sit up to late hours next week, in the wake of urgency to pass the Lokpal bill.
Opposition mounts to Amitabh's plea on anti-Sikh riots
US institute looks for Indian partners for energy storage
Contest for NRIs to attend Pravasi Bharatiya Divas
Chopper over Taj causes flutter, ASI files complaint
A helicopter of a private company hovered over the Taj Mahal and made several rounds of the 17th century world heritage monument Wednesday, causing alarm among conservationists. The Archaeological Survey of India has »
Tamil Nadu's Noorul Islam University (NIU) will soon be rigging up its own satellite and launching it too with government help, a university official said Friday. The Rs.100-crore satellite will be used for agricultural applications and also facilitate higher education. The central government has given its go-ahead to the »
Should Koodankulam Nuclear plant be abandoned?
The Russian built Koodankulam nuclear plant in Tirunelveli district of Tamil Nadu is at the centre of controversy since October 2011. Thousands of villagers living around the site are blocking highways and staging protest »
NRI Matters, an online platform for the Indian diaspora to get advice on financial matters and share their thoughts, has again launched an event whose winners will get a chance to attend next year's Pravasi Bharatiya »
Maulana Syed Mushtaq Ali Nadwi anointed as Bhopal Shahar Qazi
Maulana Syed Mushtaq Ali Nadwi, who was Nayab (deputy) Shahar Qazi, has been elevated and anointed to the post of Bhopal Shahar Qazi after the demise of Maulana Qari Syed Mohammad Fazil Qasmi who had adorned »
The main pavilion at Kingsway Camp in 1911 erected for the former British royalty for the coronation durbar. Three days after the coronation durbar, the foundation of the new city was laid Dec 15, 1911. The city was named New Delhi in 1927 and was formally inaugurated Feb 13, 1931.


Combination of Goldman risk and initial cardiac troponin I for emergency department chest pain patient risk stratification.
BACKGROUND: Accurate identification of low-risk emergency department (ED) chest pain patients who may be safe for discharge has not been well defined. Goldman criteria have reliably risk-stratified patients but have not identified any subset safe for ED release. Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) values have also been shown to risk-stratify patients but have not identified a subset safe for ED release. OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that ED chest pain patients with a Goldman risk of < or =4% and a single negative cTnI (< or =0.3 ng/mL) at the time of ED presentation would be safe for discharge [<1% risk for death, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), revascularization]. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was performed in which consecutive ED chest pain patients were enrolled from July 1999 to November 2000. Data collected included patient demographics, medical and cardiac history, electrocardiogram, and creatine kinase-MB and cTnI. Goldman risk stratification score was calculated while patients were still in the ED. Hospital course was followed daily. Telephone follow-up occurred at 30 days. The main outcome was death, AMI, or revascularization (percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty/stents/coronary artery bypass grafting) within 30 days. RESULTS: Of 2,322 patients evaluated, 998 had both a Goldman risk < or =4% and a cTnI < or =0.3 ng/mL. During the initial hospitalization, 37 patients met the composite endpoint (3.7%): 6 deaths (0.7%), 17 AMIs (1.7%), 18 revascularizations (1.8%). Between the time of hospital discharge and 30-day follow-up, 15 patients met the composite endpoint: 4 deaths (0.4%), 6 AMIs (0.6%), and 5 revascularizations (0.5%). Overall, 49 patients met the composite endpoint (4.9%; 95% CI = 3.6% to 6.2%): 10 deaths (1.0%; 95% CI = 0.4% to 1.6%); 23 AMIs (2.3%; 95% CI = 1.4% to 3.2%), and 23 revascularizations (2.3%; 95% CI = 1.4% to 3.2%) within 30 days of presentation. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of two risk stratification modalities for ED chest pain patients (Goldman risk < or =4% and cTnI < or =0.3 ng/mL) did not identify a subgroup of chest pain patients at <1% risk for death, AMI, or revascularization within 30 days.


text:
Q: Collision between a "spring" and a particle I am currently attempting to create a simple 2D physics engine, and I just need to know how to solve a certain collision.
I have particles, and between any two particles, springs can be connected. These springs can have variable tension and length. Now let's say I have another particle that collides with this spring. I would like to resolve this collision as if the spring couldn't bend when the particle hits it, but rather it just behaves as a stick would in the real world. I am storing the velocities and positions of all of the particles, not the angular momentum, so how should I update the velocities of all the particles?

A: Find the center of mass (CM) of the two connected particles. Then, determine the distance (r) from the center of mass of the part of the spring where the third particle hit it.
Then, if you could allow a collision time and force while in contact, and assume the collision to be frictionless (this is might be hard for point particles and thin spring, cause deceleration time means it might just have enough time to cross the other side), you could use T = Fr(r is the distance of CM to the hit part), assume the direction of force is perpendicular to the spring (frictionless) and F = Ma, then T = IA = Fr.
 For the translational effect of the two particles:
Use F = Ma to find the acceleration of center of mass, a = F/M, where M is the sum of the mass of two springs, then apply the acceleration to the two particles (acceleration is same direction of the force which is perpendicular to spring).
For the rotational effect: Fr = IA (A is angular acceleration, I is moment of inertia :I =  m1(r1)^2 + m2(r2)^2, r1 and r2 are distances of the 2 particles from center of mass), so A = Fr/I. Then (let Q1, Q2 be tangential acceleration of particle 1& 2), Q1 = r1*A, Q2 = r2*A. We can then apply the tangential acceleration to the two particles. if the part of the spring hit is between CM and particle 1, Q1 would be the same direction as the force, and Q2 would be the opposite direction. if the part of the spring hit is between CM and particle 2, Q2 would be the same direction as the force, and Q1 would be the opposite direction.
For the third particle that hit it: Just  F = ma. but the direction of this force is equal but opposite in direction to the above force (law of equal and opposite reaction)
As for the force to be used, you could use a force that is dependent on the (nearest) distance of the third particle to the spring, and activates when a certain distance is reached (say 0.5 units). Then perhaps use increasing force when they get nearer and nearer (like a bouncing ball), say for example, Lennard Jones potential, where F = -dU/dx.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Re: [xmca] Current edition of Theory & Psychology
Subject: Re: [xmca] Current edition of Theory & Psychology
From: Ivan Rosero <irosero@ucsd.edu>
Date: Sun, 13 Nov 2011 17:04:15 -0800
Dkim-signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=gmail.com; s=gamma; h=mime-version:sender:in-reply-to:references:date :x-google-sender-auth:message-id:subject:from:to:content-type; bh=9hbPfW2GBpbA5SWIJOEmA73BdDjOc++ySwGsHRdhW5o=; b=QCLQg3xu91Z3l0iZ28S7eRO3rd6edLm+UmvHo2ei92XFJXBetY7f3wloB0RGbyuWEb GlrVLkGYd4Bml1d3moHyiO8ANgWRLUsiNXe0y1X990zkoBu9e7D7TTCW7yKzqNrKFqce 0xRw871jWHkKQ8zzEw0Ptn8RM5qI2S+jOqJow=
In-reply-to: <4EC05AC2.1040303@mira.net>
References: <4EBBE28B.7030500@mira.net> <CAL_kLhWSoyS8a=HP-ZT4fG7LtUP74j4Gc3cFdhmQ_3e4_GCUkQ@mail.gmail.com> <4EBC64F9.9040806@mira.net> <4EBF2AC7.6050104@mira.net> <CAOp+Px-5=tfHDanKPavGUJ2PTA08BqRW0Hkpr-ZboeFxL1h7Rg@mail.gmail.com> <CAGaCnpzhJLk_ZuYt9RMQJCvaRCv7MuzrF-unZWVDsuPpD+mc=w@mail.gmail.com> <CAOp+Px8nVKdUQwgAZa-sq-BPv72GvFiRq5MiJZ8sQ8v3v4cWew@mail.gmail.com> <4EC052FB.3000208@mira.net> <4EC05AC2.1040303@mira.net>
I can see the reason for the excitement, and as I've come of age at LCHC
over the last few years, it is this issue --what to call, how to frame
analytically and explore methodologically, and what theoretical
characterization to give these "meso zones"-- that has been the most
salient issue for me.
If it is true that identity is liquid, and we move from one identity
instantiation to another, then there must be accompanying socio-material
formations within which such identities can be had while being
simultaneously porous and loose enough to allow relatively unproblematic
entry/exit.  No doubt that there are longer-lived structuring structures
within which, and relative to which, these meso-scale formations come to
life, but those are not the proximal site of interest here.  Further, those
meso-scale formations that result from purposeful (and vulnerable) coming
together without any guarantee of anything, are special indeed.
I fear the abstract here, but I will say at least that these things, for
me, are a kind of prolepsis engine, formations through which different
possibilities of how future arrangements might be organized are tried out
in vivo, with all the complexities of the real thing because, well, they
are the real thing!
The lack of clear-cut language is not surprising, because at the moment the
pull inward that participants undergo around these collaborative
partnerships, in my experience, surfaces as an ethical aesthetic which does
not yet enjoy the clarity of a full blown political program of action.
There might even be more than a little fatigue with the latter, and more
of a desire to explore different ways of being together that do not require
(and may die as soon as these are reached) clear categories and conceptual
pronouncements.
On Sun, Nov 13, 2011 at 4:03 PM, Andy Blunden <ablunden@mira.net> wrote:
> Eugene Matusov has an article in Outlines on the topic of the
> sustainability of these projects: http://ojs.statsbiblioteket.**
> dk/index.php/outlines/article/**view/2662<http://ojs.statsbiblioteket.dk/index.php/outlines/article/view/2662>where he says: "The success of our after-school partnership between a
> community center and our university's School of Education does not
> necessarily require ... a common vision between partners or even compatible
> visions." I would welcome comments on this view.
> Also, what is the story with the Laboratory School at UCLA?
> Andy Blunden wrote:
>> By "crisis," Ivan, I had in mind just the kind of situation you describe
>> in southern San Diego.
>> As I reported to Mike at the time, when I read "Cultural Psychology" a
>> few years ago, I got really excited, not so much because of the specific
>> teaching and learning methods that were going to be used, but rather that -
>> like the climax of a detective novel - Mike had identified the culprit, the
>> research problem that lay at the heart of problems of poverty and
>> illiteracy in developed countries - /how is it possible to sustain a
>> project/? what characterises a /sustainable project/? This revelation was
>> crucial in my coming to the conclusion that the molar unit of analysis for
>> CHAT had to be the /collaborative project/, athe conclusion which I drew in
>> my book published earlier this year, "An Interdisciplinary Theory of
>> Activity."
>> This did not mean of course that I had the answer - Heavens! a concrete
>> answer to teh question of what sustains a collaborative project is the
>> answer to all the problems of modernity. It is a clear definition, in my
>> view, of the problem, the "germ cell" for an understanding of modern social
>> life. It is what really needs to be studied.
>> "Collaborative project" is not just a special topic or one choice for
>> making interventions, because (1) "Project," in my view, is a much better
>> way of concieving of the unit of social life than "system of activity." In
>> particular, the relation between the so-called object and "system." For a
>> project, the aim is not something separate which gets added to the system
>> of activity, but is /immanent in the project itself/. It is emergent. It is
>> "realised." (2) "Collaboration" is the fundamental, normative relationship
>> between people of modern life. So it is an adequate definition of what we
>> need to be studying when we do research into human life. We need to
>> understand collaboration. But fairly few CHAT researchers (let alone anyone
>> else) make this explicit and upfront. Collaboration is only possible if
>> there is a project to collaborate on and all projects are collaborative.
>> Concepts originate as the immanent realised aims of projects. So
>> collaborative projects form the units of our psychic life just as they are
>> the units of our social life. So as a unit of /analysis/, collaborative
>> projects reflect collaborative projects as the *real* unit of social life.
>> So you can understand how excited I was to read your article in /Theory &
>> Psychology/!
>> Andy
>> Ivan Rosero wrote:
>>> Well, bankruptcies can still make more than a few very rich, so the "we"
>>> and "our" in this building of habitable imaginaries presupposes a prior
>>> set
>>> of other imaginaries through to come together anew, and perhaps
>>> differently, even if we think we know each other --or, in other words, to
>>> give each other space to be other things, to be strangers in creative
>>> ways
>>> in order to have any hope of reinventing and in*forming what we do in
>>> a way to make it more hospitable.
>>> As it happens, one tendril that continues to pass through Town and
>>> Country,
>>> but is now much more active elsewhere in southeast San Diego, is a strong
>>> connection to the food system change movement, which another graduate
>>> student at LCHC is exploring after having dwelt for a while at T&C.  Here
>>> is one of its core members, Diane Moss (quoted in
>>> http://www.voiceofsandiego.**org/people/q_and_a/article_**
>>> cde3547e-f6b1-11e0-bfba-**001cc4c03286.html<http://www.voiceofsandiego.org/people/q_and_a/article_cde3547e-f6b1-11e0-bfba-001cc4c03286.html>
>>> )
>>> who we know personally, answering a few questions in a way that
>>> concretizes
>>> the shape of a few new imaginaries that we here at LCHC have been drawn
>>> into:
>>> *What happened when you came back from that workshop in 2008?*
>>> I started seeing empty lots and seeing they could be used for other
>>> purposes. I saw that we probably had the ability to grow our own food.
>>> I bet on any block in southeastern San Diego, somebody's growing
>>> something
>>> in their backyard: collard greens, corn. We started looking at how we
>>> could
>>> take that talent and start having conversations about collective growing
>>> or
>>> community gardens. Even though we didn't use the term "food desert" at
>>> that
>>> time, we talked about why we didn't have the same markets everyone else
>>> has.
>>> *Why didn't you like "food desert"?*
>>> I thought desert meant nothing — that you had nothing to build on. I
>>> said,
>>> well, we've got people who grow things. We're not starting from scratch.
>>> But I embraced it when I became familiar with another definition: that
>>> there are more fast food outlets than fresh food outlets.
>>> *You hadn't thought about access to good food in this community as a
>>> problem before 2008?*
>>> Southeastern San Diego always gets tagged as a community with lots of
>>> problems. So here was another negative tag people put on this community.
>>> I
>>> saw that we didn't have the resources we needed, but I didn't think of it
>>> in terms of a food desert.
>>> *What have been the biggest challenges to getting people involved?*
>>> People say yes, we should have gardens. But it's difficult for people to
>>> change their habits.
>>> *How do you change habits?*
>>> It takes time. Neighbors talking to neighbors. People taking a chance to
>>> do
>>> something different.
>>> -------
>>> LCHC has been fortunate beyond any expectation to have entered into this
>>> new collaboration and the mesh of actors it pulls together.
>>> Ivan
>>> On Sun, Nov 13, 2011 at 11:54 AM, Larry Purss <lpscholar2@gmail.com>
>>>> My response to this thread is an extension of the notion of
>>>> "ambivalence"
>>>> at the heart and soul of all social imaginaries.
>>>> It was mentioned that the motivating force to "keep going" without
>>>> clarity
>>>> of intention or goals is the "felt sense" of social BANKRUPTCY [economic
>>>> metaphor] in the current social imaginary.  Zygmunt Bauman uses the very
>>>> extreme metaphor of "waste" in his 2004 book to stir the ambivalence at
>>>> the
>>>> center of our current social imaginary.  Ingold's article I recently
>>>> posted
>>>> captured the 12 century social imaginary where walking, texts,
>>>> architecture, discourse, and contemplation were all manifestations of a
>>>> single ontology. All these objects expressed a social imaginary that did
>>>> not have some of the object "representing" the "underlying" social
>>>> imaginary but rather were ALL immanebt manifestations of the SAME social
>>>> imaginary.
>>>> Modernity [the tension between enlightenment and romanitic hermeneutical
>>>> ideas/ideals] also may have an encompassing social imaginary that has a
>>>> fundamental rupture [ambivalence] in the notion of "representation" as
>>>> expressing some "underlying" reality
>>>> [realization] when in actuality the modern walks, texts, architecture,
>>>> discourses and contemplations are expressions of a monolithic social
>>>> Bauman's analysis of modernity [he is an "exile" from the holocaust] has
>>>> situated ambivalence at the heart of ALL social imaginaries when
>>>> realized
>>>> express "order" or "structure" which requires LIMITING  formations.
>>>> This is
>>>> the core idea of sociology.  Baumans emancipatory vision for
>>>> sociological
>>>> imagination [in which he generates multiple metaphors] is to explicate
>>>> ambivalence at the heart of modernity leading to social bankruptcy. It
>>>> is
>>>> the reality of this ambivalence in our current modern social imaginary
>>>> where Bauman locates hope and the possibility for emancipation from the
>>>> "waste lands".
>>>> Bauman purposely is exploring the power of the metaphor of "waste" to
>>>> grasp
>>>> the desolation of our current arrangements. For Bauman the metaphor of
>>>> "waste" as the by-product of our "productions" in our "garden contexts"
>>>> [another metaphor which the Nazi's used to create a social imaginary
>>>> where
>>>> Jews were "weeds" in the garden]  is grasping the fundamental
>>>> ambivalence
>>>> at the heart of our social bankruptcy.
>>>> For Bauman and many others who are searching for a new orientation in
>>>> our
>>>> globalized planetary social imaginary the metaphor of "the suffering
>>>> stranger" travelling in the waste lands is the moral calling requiring a
>>>> response as a growing "response-ability" as a "skill" developing within
>>>> a
>>>> "new commons".
>>>> We need new "practises" and new "texts" and also new discourses and new
>>>> forms of contemplation.  However, I'm wondering how central to
>>>> transcending
>>>> our current social imaginary, which is now a wasteland, are new forms of
>>>> architecture which express the yearning to respond to the suffering
>>>> stranger.
>>>> In summary, the larger contexts being explored may be cultural-semiotic
>>>> imaginaries that must become realized within a new commons which must be
>>>> in*formed to "hold" the suffering stranger in our midst [difference and
>>>> alterity and weeds and waste as the ambivalence at the heart of the
>>>> modern
>>>> vision of the garden]
>>>> Accountability, measurement, statistics, as our current social
>>>> imaginary of
>>>> cultural and social "order" at its heart has the cavity of the suffering
>>>> stranger that is now calling for a response and a new cultural and
>>>> social
>>>> order in a new commons which must be in*formed as our response-ability
>>>> to
>>>> the call of the other.
>>>> Bauman's notion of "waste" and "waste lands" as by-products of our
>>>> globalized social imaginary calls for an alternative social imaginary
>>>> that
>>>> exists in the ambivalence at the heart of our current  world order.
>>>> On Sun, Nov 13, 2011 at 9:57 AM, Ivan Rosero <irosero@ucsd.edu> wrote:
>>>>> Arturo, two things coincide for me in reading your email:  1) I've been
>>>>> working for the last 4 years in the same collaboration that
>>>>> Lecusay,Downing-Wilson,Cole have written about, and 2) I too share the
>>>>> following concern:
>>>>> ----
>>>>> CHAT keeps operating with a process and methodological
>>>>> ontology whereby the individual and the social are inseparable but
>>>>> does not provide a clear cut language of description of how the social
>>>>> structure shapes activity or, to put it in Seeger's terms, how power
>>>>> shapes discourse (and consciousness and identy).
>>>>> As the authors have described, the community setting in which this
>>>>> latest
>>>>> of LCHC's projects has unfolded does not permit even the relatively
>>>>> loose
>>>>> structures that were the hallmarks of previous 5D projects --this is
>>>>> the ad-hoc stumbling upon interesting things to do together is such an
>>>>> important component of the dual sense of "appropriation".  In the
>>>>> social
>>>>> space that has been created between LCHC and Town and Country there
>>>> exists
>>>>> (as I have experienced it over the last four years) an enduring
>>>> liminality
>>>>> that refuses to come to closure --neither LCHC participants, including
>>>> grad
>>>>> students, staff, and undergraduate students, nor T&C participants have
>>>>> arrived at any definite position vis a vis what we are doing together.
>>>>  The
>>>>> kids get older, new ones arrive, some teens have left, club and group
>>>>> structures change, entire families move out.  UCSD's side of the story
>>>>> is
>>>>> more predictable in the institutional sense of allowing year-on-year
>>>>> planning of classes and recruitment of students, as well as, of course,
>>>>> staying power of UCSD as a much longer running process than the
>>>>> collaboration itself.  But this can only explain the brute sense of our
>>>>> continued presence, one which would be impossible to impose in any
>>>>> case,
>>>> so
>>>>> that we still have to try and explain the delicate sense of our
>>>>> continued
>>>>> presence --what is happening in the space of this
>>>>> cross-cultural/cross-**institutional intersection that keeps pulling
>>>> together
>>>>> (in a delicate way) such a heterogenous amalgam of participants --a
>>>>> constant churn of undergraduate buddies, a more stable set of grad
>>>>> students, a constant, but slowly changing, stream of kids, Ms. V., and
>>>>> few community parents that regularly lend a hand?
>>>>> You and Andy have said that there must be some kind of crisis, and this
>>>> may
>>>>> be so, but if this is what is allowing the participants to come
>>>>> together
>>>>> anew, it is not the kind of crisis that can be compared to, say, Occupy
>>>>> Wall Street, or Greece, or the Arab Spring.  It might be that I lack
>>>>> the
>>>>> requisite social imagination, but the way I see it, what is special
>>>>> about
>>>>> this collaboration is that it holds together without disclosing to its
>>>>> participants directly how this is happening.  We have been at it for
>>>>> four
>>>>> years, and it isn't obvious to me why, as a T&C elder says, we "keep on
>>>>> keeping on".  This is especially true in light of severe, and
>>>>> recurrent,
>>>>> frustrations on every side.  For example, in the absence of UCSD
>>>> students,
>>>>> homework does not get done nearly as regularly as when they are there
>>>>> --this creates a huge problem for Ms. V, who must still try to satisfy
>>>> this
>>>>> community need in our absence.  Sometimes we at LCHC find ourselves at
>>>> odds
>>>>> with local customs and decisions, to which we nevertheless submit in
>>>> order
>>>>> to keep on keeping on.  But where are we keeping on to?  (Especially
>>>>> without access to clear-cut language with which to explain any of
>>>>> this!)
>>>>> So, these kinds of open-ended interactional spaces elicit from their
>>>>> participants a degree of patience that is rarely seen anywhere --more
>>>>> or
>>>>> less equally distributed!  Southeast San Diego, where T&C is located,
>>>>> not unique in all the ways that its inhabitants are systematically
>>>>> marginalized, and it is a fact that local community organizers (I've
>>>>> been
>>>>> at some of their meetings) look on UCSD and charitable institutions
>>>>> with
>>>>> very suspicious eyes.  In the face of these realities, mutual
>>>> appropriation
>>>>> is one factor, but not a wholly explanatory one for the loose
>>>>> holding-together that is going on here.
>>>>> Whatever the answers are, it is impossible for me to conceive of a
>>>>> satisfying explanation that does not include affective-imaginative
>>>>> dimensions.  The way I see it, the mystery here is not how
>>>> power/structure
>>>>> shapes discourse/activity, it is why this collaboration holds in the
>>>>> face
>>>>> of what would normally be insurmountable difficulties.  Good will and
>>>>> patience all around?  Maybe, but this only pushes the question deeper
>>>> into
>>>>> the affective-imaginative life of this collaboration.
>>>>> Ivan
>>>>> On Sat, Nov 12, 2011 at 6:26 PM, Andy Blunden <ablunden@mira.net>
>>>>> wrote:
>>>>>> Continuing my sharing of the current edition of Theory & Psyhology,
>>>>>> attached are scans of Deborah Downing-Wilson, Robert Lecusay and Mike
>>>>>> Cole's paper (which I have been so excited about) and the first 16
>>>>> pages
>>>>> of
>>>>>> Yrjo Engestrom's paper (I have omitted the case study) which is a
>>>>> concise
>>>>> synopsis of his current views on activity and concepts.
>>>>>> Andy
>>>>>> Andy Blunden wrote:
>>>>>>> That's a very interesting series of points, Arturo!
>>>>>>> Could I just ask you to elaborate a little on what you meant by "the
>>>>>>> unconscious in sign-making" and "the problem of fetishism of the
>>>>>> sign."
>>>>> I guess that you are right that in almost any social context (the US
>>>>>>> included I suspect), the kind of project that Mike writes about can
>>>>>> only be
>>>>>> implemented by surruptitiously moving the goal posts set by the
>>>>>> recognised
>>>>>> authorities, by a kind of subversion, making use of openings created
>>>>>> by
>>>>> manifest social crisis.
>>>>>>> As I'm sure you know, I am in agreement with your critique of the
>>>>>> failure
>>>>>> to satisfactorily "marry" psychological concepts with sociological
>>>>>>> concepts, in CHAT or anywhere else for that matter. But doesn't the
>>>>>> kind of
>>>>>> project Mike is talking about, where goals are immanent in the project
>>>>>>> itself, and the project is thoroughly and explicitly collaborative,
>>>>>>> go
>>>>>> some
>>>>>> way to addressing this problem?
>>>>>>> Andy
>>>>>>> Arturo Escandon wrote:
>>>>>>>> Just wanted to point out that there are places where you cannot even
>>>>>>>> think of implementing a simple plain standard design experiment, let
>>>>>>>> alone an ad-hoc intervention because educational settings and
>>>>>>>> institutions are thought to be mere knowledge
>>>>>>>> reproduction-distribution centers. Research is the job of the
>>>>>>> Ministry
>>>>> of Education. "Joint activity"? What on Earth is that in Japan except
>>>>>>>> the illusion of freedom framed under top-down cosmological
>>>>>>>> structure.
>>>>>>>> I am afraid that most of the cases depicted in the journal are a
>>>>>>>> reproduction of the cultural conditions existing in few settings, in
>>>>>>>> few communities, in a handful of countries. Am I able to implement
>>>>>>>> an
>>>>>>>> intervention or mutual appropriation in the Japanese educational
>>>>>>>> context? No. Am I able to do it in "local communities", yes, but
>>>>>>> under
>>>>> considerable restrictions. However, I am guessing that the most
>>>>>>>> effective interventions in local communities spring from social
>>>>>>>> crisis, not from planned activity, that is, some sort of punctuated
>>>>>>>> equilibrium in which the community changes or perish.
>>>>>>>> I am very curious about (1) how the structural constraints and
>>>>>>>> affordances of organisations themselves shape those mutual
>>>>>>>> appropriations and how we can account for them; (2) how the
>>>>>>>> mediating
>>>>>>>> means themselves are unequally distributed (knowledge differential):
>>>>>>>> in order to bridge the differences established by the lack of a
>>>>>>> common
>>>>> repertoire of meanings you have to engage in meaning making, creating
>>>>>>>> in fact a new differential; (3) the unconscious in sign-making or
>>>>>>>> using activity. Educational activity brings consciousness at the
>>>>>>>> expense of bringing unconsciousness as well. I have not read a
>>>>>>>> single
>>>>>>>> decisive work addressing the problem of fetishism of the sign, on
>>>>>>>> which a theory of the uncosciousness could be integrated into CHAT,
>>>>>>>> except for works that deal with the problem of "the ideal".
>>>>>>>> Seeger asks the right questions but I believe there is much more out
>>>>>>>> there about ways of marriaging psychology and sociology to give a
>>>>>>>> better account of agency. At the end, the issues raised by Sawyer
>>>>>>>> are
>>>>>>>> still relevant: CHAT keeps operating with a process and
>>>>>>> methodological
>>>>>>>> does not provide a clear cut language of description of how the
>>>>>>> social
>>>>>>>> shapes discourse (and consciousness and identy).
>>>>>>>> Best
>>>>>>>> Arturo
>>>>>>>> On 10 November 2011 23:41, Andy Blunden <ablunden@mira.net> wrote:
>>>>>>>>> The current edition of Theory & Psychology looks very special. I
>>>>>>>> admit I
>>>>>> have at this stage only actually read the article by Mike Cole,
>>>>>>>> Robert
>>>>> Lecusay and Deborah Downing-Wilson, but it is a special issue on
>>>>>>>> CHAT
>>>>> and
>>>>>>>>> interventionist methodology, with articles by a number of people
>>>>>>>> from
>>>>> Yrjo
>>>>>>>>> Engestrom's CRADLE and also Falk Seeger, who is guest editing the
>>>>>>>>> Special
>>>>>>>>> Issue of MCA on Emotions.
>>>>>>>>> Mike's article elaborates on what the participants call a "mutual
>>>>>>>>> appropriation" approach to developing theory and practice. Instead
>>>>>>>> of
>>>>> implementing a project design and then modifying it in the light of
>>>>>>>> the
>>>>>> reseacher's experience, the researchers go in to a local community
>>>>>>>> with
>>>>>> very
>>>>>>>>> open ended ideas about how and what they want to achieve, and
>>>>>>>>> engage
>>>>>>>>> with
>>>>>>>>> their community partner, learn about their (the partner's) project,
>>>>>>>>> offer
>>>>>>>>> assistance and resources and share knowledge and objectives and
>>>>>>>>> ....
>>>>>>>>> mutually appropriate. The article describes the results of a
>>>>>>>> specific
>>>>> project which is an exemplar of "mutual appropriation" which has
>>>>>>>> grown
>>>>> out
>>>>>>>>> of the 5thD after-school programs which LCHC began in the 1980s.
>>>>>>>>> The article is actually very moving. I personally think that this
>>>>>>>> kind
>>>>>>>>> work is tackling the main problem in front of us
>>>>>>>>> cultural-historical
>>>>>>>>> cultural psychology people today. If you don't subscribe to Theory
>>>>>>>>> &
>>>>>>>>> Psychology, I don't know how you can get to read the paper. Maybe
>>>>>>>>> someone
>>>>>>>>> has a solution there. But it is a must read. I will read the
>>>>>>>> remaining
>>>>> articles in the special issue, but this is a real high.
>>>>>>>>> Andy
>>>>>>>>> --
>>>>>>>> ------------------------------****----------------------------**--**------------
>>>>> *Andy Blunden*
>>>>>>>>> Joint Editor MCA: http://www.tandfonline.com/****toc/hmca20/18/1<http://www.tandfonline.com/**toc/hmca20/18/1>
>>>>>>>>> <
>>>>>>>> http://www.tandfonline.com/**toc/hmca20/18/1<http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/hmca20/18/1>
>>>>> >
>>>>>> Home Page: http://home.mira.net/~andy/
>>>>>>>>> Book: http://www.brill.nl/default.****aspx?partid=227&pid=34857<http://www.brill.nl/default.**aspx?partid=227&pid=34857>
>>>>>>>> http://www.brill.nl/default.**aspx?partid=227&pid=34857<http://www.brill.nl/default.aspx?partid=227&pid=34857>
>>>>>> ______________________________****____________
>>>>>>>>> _____
>>>>>>>>> xmca mailing list
>>>>>>>>> xmca@weber.ucsd.edu
>>>>>>>>> http://dss.ucsd.edu/mailman/****listinfo/xmca<http://dss.ucsd.edu/mailman/**listinfo/xmca>
>>>>>>>> http://dss.ucsd.edu/mailman/**listinfo/xmca<http://dss.ucsd.edu/mailman/listinfo/xmca>
>>>>>> --
>>>>>> ------------------------------****----------------------------**--**
>>>>>> ------------
>>>>>> *Andy Blunden*
>>>>>> Joint Editor MCA: http://www.tandfonline.com/****toc/hmca20/18/1<http://www.tandfonline.com/**toc/hmca20/18/1>
>>>>>> <
>>>>> http://www.tandfonline.com/**toc/hmca20/18/1<http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/hmca20/18/1>
>>>>>> Book: http://www.brill.nl/default.****aspx?partid=227&pid=34857<http://www.brill.nl/default.**aspx?partid=227&pid=34857>
>>>>> http://www.brill.nl/default.**aspx?partid=227&pid=34857<http://www.brill.nl/default.aspx?partid=227&pid=34857>
>>>>>  >
>>>>>> ______________________________**____________
>>>>>> _____
>>>>>> xmca mailing list
>>>>>> xmca@weber.ucsd.edu
>>>>>> http://dss.ucsd.edu/mailman/**listinfo/xmca<http://dss.ucsd.edu/mailman/listinfo/xmca>
>>>>> http://dss.ucsd.edu/mailman/**listinfo/xmca<http://dss.ucsd.edu/mailman/listinfo/xmca>
>>>> ______________________________**____________
>>>> http://dss.ucsd.edu/mailman/**listinfo/xmca<http://dss.ucsd.edu/mailman/listinfo/xmca>
>>> ______________________________**____________
>>> http://dss.ucsd.edu/mailman/**listinfo/xmca<http://dss.ucsd.edu/mailman/listinfo/xmca>
> ------------------------------**------------------------------**
> ------------
> *Andy Blunden*
> Joint Editor MCA: http://www.tandfonline.com/**toc/hmca20/18/1<http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/hmca20/18/1>
> Home Page: http://home.mira.net/~andy/
> Book: http://www.brill.nl/default.**aspx?partid=227&pid=34857<http://www.brill.nl/default.aspx?partid=227&pid=34857>
> ______________________________**____________
> http://dss.ucsd.edu/mailman/**listinfo/xmca<http://dss.ucsd.edu/mailman/listinfo/xmca>
[xmca] Current edition of Theory & Psychology
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Sanctions are mechanisms of social control that are used for enforcing a society's values and standards within the cultural bounds of acceptable behavior. These may include ostracizing, shaming and public beatings. There are sanctions that are meant to be applied on the intermediate basis as improvement and conformity with society's values is monitored. For instance, when people misbehave in mass, presenting huge financial and logistical requirements for facilitating punishments like imprisonment, the appropriate sanctions may include moderate fines, community service, restorative justice and fair restitution. In fact, restorative justice was largely undertaken after the 1994 Rwandan genocide.
There are several modes of penalization for the crime committed: restitution, community service, and fines. Restitution is the process where offenders are required to compensate their victims for the damage or loss caused by their actions. The challenge with restitution is that it may be difficult to apply in unusual circumstances like when conventional strategies do not exist. Community Service is an unpaid undertaking assigned to convicts through court orders in place of jail terms, and include: working at an old persons' home, assisting the disabled, and a cleaning exercise at a public facility. A challenge to community service is that the convicts may be idlers who may further extend their reckless behaviors to these sections of the community. Even so, it has the advantage that lawful and meaningful work is accomplished for the good of the community. Fines are monetary penalties imposed on defendants and it is paid to the courts. However, fining is not widely applicable to most offenders have insufficient funds for paying them, and those that have may not be discouraged to commit crime.
Boot camps resemble military institutions that disciplines through rigorous physical assignments aimed at correcting defiant individuals so that they learn to follow the rules, obeys the authority, and improve their conduct. Many therapists criticize the method as it lacks psychological therapy to redress the underlying behavioral problem which could have been acquired over time. However, there are some instances where individuals remarkably improve their behavior.
Probation is a situation where convicted offenders are set free through court rulings so long as they meet specific conditions that includes that the defendants does not commit more offences during the probation period. To monitor them effectively, they are ordered to regularly report to the probation office to give information about their whereabouts and activities they engage in. The probation term is set by the court, the state, or through statute which when completed, the probationers are discharged. The method is most common if the offenders are young persons or have no criminal records. It has the benefit that the probationers continue with their lawful activities.
Global Positioning Systems (GPS) is a navigational system of 24 satellites communicating with ground computers. It is used to determine the longitudes and latitudes of receivers through the computation of the time differences that it takes for signals to reach a receiver from multiple satellites. GPS was initially incorporated as a military navigation aid for air, sea, and ground forces. Today, it is assisting with many civilian undertakings, such as in boats and ships navigation, location of automobiles, emergency rescue, and mining precision. The main advantage is that its application has overcome many limitations of earlier navigation aids. The main disadvantage is the invasion of privacy that it presents.
Despite criticism, I would prefer the method of restorative justice to be used when settling disputes since it promotes dialogue Restorative justice is a way of approaching justice while emphasizing on the interests of the offender and the victim with the aim of redressing the damage caused by the criminal conduct. Its main focus is not on punishing the offender. It is a cooperative process with an active participation of the victims where the offenders are encouraged to take responsibility for their action. Depending on the crime, offenders may be required to apologize, return the stolen property, or pay for the damages. It has in fact shown the highest levels of offender accountability and victim satisfaction. This ensures peace and security in the community because it is less likely to result in bitterness and hard feelings that may motivate retaliation.
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Letters notifying the outcome of the review process will be dispatched in the third week of April.


On average, most people only move a few times in their lives. And moving overseas can be complicated, especially given all the documentation required by customs. At Funxion Moving Services, we make it our business to make sure you understand everything you need to know about moving overseas.
The way we see it, the more you know, the less stressed you'll feel during your move. If you have questions at any time, don't hesitate to pick up the phone and call your personal international move coordinator. He or she can answer your questions, and provide you with the information you need.