text:
\section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Recently, weak measurement has become an intensive and important area of research\cite{RevModPhys.86.307,2011Nonperturbative,2012Protecting,e23030354} in quantum mechanics. In quantum weak measurement, the weak value, obtained from a weak measurement followed by a strong measurement, is quite peculiar in that it is, in general, a complex number and is not bounded by the eigenvalue spectrum of the associated observable\cite{AAV,2018Direct}. The "Weak-value" was first proposed by Aharonov et al\cite{AAV} as "a new kind of value for a quantum variable", where information is gained by weakly coupling the probe to the system.

Unlike the conventional/projection measurement, where a quantum system is irrecoverably collapsed into one of the eigenstates of the observable, the weak measurement can break this constraint and has enabled novel research into important problems in quantum physics and quantum information,  e.g., protecting quantum states from decoherence\cite{2012Protecting,Kim:09}, direct measurement of the quantum wavefunction\cite{0Directnature}, direct observation of geometric phases related to the three-vertex Bargmann invariant\cite{PhysRevA.81.012104}, direct observation of Hardy's paradox by joint weak measurement\cite{Yokota_2009}, observing the direct path state characterization by strongly measuring weak values\cite{PhysRevLett.118.010402}, experimental realization of the quantum three-box problem\cite{RESCH2004125}, observation of a quantum Cheshire Cat in a matter-wave interferometer experiment\cite{2014Observation}.

In addition, the weak value amplification(WVA) technique can help to amplify a detector signal and enable the sensitive estimation of unknown small evolution parameters. Therefore, weak measurement has also been utilized in metrology\cite{PhysRevA.92.032127,Fang_2021,Huang2021,PhysRevA.102.042601,PhysRevA.103.053518}, and it has a variety of applications in precision detection as well as its advantage of high precision\cite{e23030354}. Specifically, the Spin Hall Effect of Light can be enhanced by nearly four orders of magnitude with the WVA technique\cite{Hosten787}; an interferometric weak value technique can amplify very small transverse deflections of an optical beam\cite{PhysRevLett.102.173601}; a weak measurement protocol can permit a sensitive estimation of angular rotations in the azimuthal degree of freedom \cite{PhysRevLett.112.200401}. Note that researchers all over the world have studied the trends of weak measurement research and published many papers related to the topic. However, a comprehensive statistical review of the global estuary pollution research has never been done.

Bibliometric, which was firstly introduced by Pritchard, is the quantitative and qualitative analysis of published academic literature for tracking the development of a certain research field over a long period\cite{1969Statistical,2003Paradigms}. Bibliometrics can demonstrate information of a certain field to researchers by investigating the publication characteristics, such as authorship, sources, institution, journals, citations, corresponding author's country, and even co-citation Network\cite{2003Paradigms}. Recently, Bibliometrix has wide applications in various fields to elevate research performance or assess the research trends, such as, Celik et al. used Bibliometrix analysis to integrate worldwide studies of Hg in soil that were published between 1991 and 2020\cite{2021Celik}. Guo et al. used bibliometric methods to evaluate the global scientific output of research on Piezo channels and explore the current status and trends in this field over the past decades\cite{2021Trends}. Lyu et al. introduced a novel bibliometric approach to unfold the status of a given scientific community from an individual-level perspective\cite{2021Studying}.

\begin{figure*}[htbp]
\vspace*{-5mm}
\centering \includegraphics[width=0.96\textwidth]{workflow.eps}
\vspace*{-3mm}
\caption{Bibliometric analysis for systematic literature reviews.(Adapted from Ref. \cite{ARIA2017959})}
\label{Fig:workflow_bibiometrix}
\end{figure*}

In this study, we aimed to provide a report on scientific publication in research on weak measurement over the past decades(2000-2020). In section II, we give a brief introduction to the  Biblioshiny Bibliometrix R-package\cite{biblitoolbox-web}, which allows no codes to use bibliometric and enables visualization in this study. Then the results including general information, citation and H-index analysis, active authors, active journals, and analysis of keywords are shown in section III. Sec IV is devoted to the summary and the discussions.

\section{Data sources and methods }
\label{sec:Data_sources}

The data used in this study were retrieved from the Science Citation Index-Expanded (SCI-E) of the Web of Science (WOS) Core Collection on July 20, 2021. The search terms were "weak measurement", "weak value" and "postselection" with publication timespan(2000–2020)  to compile a bibliography of all articles related to the research on weak measurement research. In total, 636 publications were obtained and analyzed by choosing the following publishers: "Amer Physical Soc", "Springer Nature", "Top Publishing LTD", "Elsevier", "Optical Soc Amer" and  "Amer inst Physics". At last, these data sets were converted to text format and imported to the bibliophily for Bibliometrix in R 3.6.3 and included the distribution of countries/regions, years of publication, and authors.

Biblioshiny for bibliometrix\cite{biblitoolbox-web,ARIA2017959} is a Java software developed by Massimo Aria from the University of Naples Federico. Biblioshiny combines the functionality of the bibliometrix package with the ease of use of web apps using the Shiny package environment. The main systematic literature reviews of the bibliophily for bibliometric analysis are shown in Fig. \ref{Fig:workflow_bibiometrix}. Normally, the characteristics of publications, including authors, journals, institutions, citations, H-index, M-index and the corresponding author's country can be reviewed by establishing the WOS literature Analysis Report online. Where "H-index" is used to quantify an individual's scientific research output and measure his citation impact\cite{2005An}.  The M-index was proposed to facilitate comparisons between academics with different academic careers lengths M-index=H-index/N (N is measured as the number of years since the first published paper in the research area)\cite{2021Trends}. In addition, the index can be used as a tool in predicting future research by analyzing the trend topics of keywords.

However, the Bibliometrix package can provide various routines for importing bibliographic data, performing bibliometric analysis, and building data matrices for co-citation, coupling, scientific collaboration analysis, and co-word analysis. In addition, new knowledge always emerges at crossroads among structures and time evolution, such as network analysis, factorial analysis, thematic mapping. Note that these results can be visualized by using the bibliophily app. And the results will be shown in the next section.

\section{Results}

\subsection{General information and annual publication output}
\begin{figure*}[htbp]
	\centering
	\centerline{\includegraphics[scale=0.52,angle=0]{AnnualScientificProduction.png}}
\vspace*{-3mm}
\caption{\label{Fig:result-Annual-pubulation}(a) Global trends in publications on weak measurement from 2000 to 2020; and (b) average article citations per year.
}
\end{figure*}

\begin{figure*}[htbp]
	\centering
	\centerline{\includegraphics[scale=0.52,angle=0]{Most-cited-countries.png}}
\vspace*{-6mm}
\vspace*{0mm}
\caption{\label{Fig:Most-cited-countries}(a) Global trends in publications on weak measurement from 2000 to 2020; and (b) average article citations per year.
}
\end{figure*}

\begin{figure*}[htbp]
	\centering

\subfigure
{

	\vspace{-0.2cm}
	\begin{minipage}{9.4cm}
	\centering
	\centerline{\includegraphics[scale=0.6,angle=0]{networkcountry.png}}
	\end{minipage}
}

\subfigure
{

	\vspace{-0.2cm}
	\begin{minipage}{9.4cm}
	\centering
	\centerline{\includegraphics[scale=0.6,angle=0]{network-affiliations.png}}
	\end{minipage}
}
\vspace*{-4mm}
\vspace*{0mm} \caption{\label{Fig:networkcountry}Collaboration Network analysis of countries and institutions. (a) the network map of institutions, and (b) the network map of countries.
}
\end{figure*}

\begin{figure*}[htbp]
	\centering

\subfigure
{

	\vspace{-0.2cm}
	\begin{minipage}{9.4cm}
	\centering
	\centerline{\includegraphics[scale=0.52,angle=0]{mostrelevantAuthors.png}}
	\end{minipage}
}
\vspace*{-6mm}
\vspace*{0mm} \caption{\label{Fig:mostrelevantAuthors}Analysis of the active author: (a) The top 12 most relevant authors; (b)Total citations in the research filed from different authors; (c)H-index of publications from different authors; (d) and M-index of publications from different authors;(e) Top-author's production from 2000 to 2020.
}
\end{figure*}

\begin{figure*}[htbp]
	\centering

\subfigure
{

	\vspace{-0.2cm}
	\begin{minipage}{9.4cm}
	\centering
	\centerline{\includegraphics[scale=0.56,angle=0]{network-author.png}}
	\end{minipage}
}
\vspace*{-3mm}
\vspace*{0mm} \caption{\label{Fig:network-author}Network map of co-occurrence between authors on the weak measurement research.
}
\end{figure*}

\begin{figure*}[htbp]
	\centering

\subfigure
{

	\vspace{-0.2cm}
	\begin{minipage}{9.4cm}
	\centering
	\centerline{\includegraphics[scale=0.52,angle=0]{MostRelevantSources.png}}
	\end{minipage}
}
\vspace*{-3mm}
\vspace*{0mm} \caption{\label{MostRelevantSources}Analysis of sources. (a) Most relevant sources; (b) Source local impact by total citations(TC) index; (c)Author local impact by H-index; (d) Source Growth on weak measurement research from 2000 to 2020.
}
\end{figure*}

\begin{figure*}[htbp]
	\centering

\subfigure
{

	\vspace{-0.2cm}
	\begin{minipage}{9.4cm}
	\centering
	\centerline{\includegraphics[scale=0.52,angle=0]{MostrelavantWorlds.png}}
	\end{minipage}
}
\vspace*{-3mm}
\vspace*{0mm} \caption{\label{Fig:MostrelavantWorlds}Analysis and Co-occurrence Network of Keywords on weak measurement research. (a) Most relevant keywords; (b)TreeMap of Keywords on weak measurement research from 2000 to 2020.
}
\end{figure*}
\begin{figure*}[htbp]
	\centering

\subfigure
{

	\vspace{-0.2cm}
	\begin{minipage}{9.4cm}
	\centering
	\centerline{\includegraphics[scale=0.63,angle=0]{WordsCloud.png}}
	\end{minipage}
}
\vspace*{-5mm}
\vspace*{0mm} \caption{\label{Fig:WordsCloud}Keywords cloud on weak measurement research from 2000 to 2020.
}
\end{figure*}

\begin{figure}[htbp]
	\centering

\subfigure
{

	\vspace{-0.2cm}
	\begin{minipage}{9.4cm}
	\centering
	\centerline{\includegraphics[scale=0.63,angle=0]{institution-source-authour.png}}
	\end{minipage}
}
\vspace*{-5mm}
\vspace*{0mm} \caption{\label{Fig:institution-source-authour}Three-Fields Plot among countries, institutions, journals and authors on weak measurement research.
}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure*}[htbp]
	\centering

\subfigure
{

	\vspace{-0.2cm}
	\begin{minipage}{9.4cm}
	\centering
	\centerline{\includegraphics[scale=0.7,angle=0]{FactorialMap-2021-07-29.png}}
	\end{minipage}
}
\vspace*{-5mm}
\vspace*{0mm} \caption{\label{Fig:MCA}Conceptual structure map with Multiple Correspondence Analysis of Keywords on weak measurement research.
}
\end{figure*}

\begin{figure*}[htbp]
	\centering

\subfigure
{

	\vspace{-0.2cm}
	\begin{minipage}{9.4cm}
	\centering
	\centerline{\includegraphics[scale=0.42,angle=0]{TrendTopics-2021-07-29.png}}
	\end{minipage}
}
\vspace*{-5mm}
\vspace*{0mm} \caption{\label{Fig:trendtopics}Trend Topics of Keywords on weak measurement research from 2000 to 2020.
}
\end{figure*}

\begin{table}[htbp]
\centering
\caption{Main information about the data and the document types from the WOS.}
\label{tab:Mian-information}
\begin{tabular}{p{6.5cm}p{1.5cm}}
\toprule
Dsecription & Results\\
\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
Mian information about the data & \\
\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
Timespan                        & 2001:2020\\
Source(Journals,Book,etc)         & 61\\
Documents                       & 636\\
Average years from publication    & 6.92\\
Average citations per documents    & 25.52\\
Average citations per year per doc    & 3.021\\
\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
Document types    & \\
\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
Article        & 628\\
Proceedings paper & 5\\
Review & 2\\
\toprule\\
\end{tabular}
\vspace*{-0.4cm}
\end{table}

Table. \ref{tab:Mian-information} shows the main information about the data and the document types from the WOS. A total of 636 articles from 2000 to 2020 and related to weak measurement were retrieved from WOS. We presented the number of articles per year in Fig. \ref{Fig:result-Annual-pubulation}a, which showed that the number of publications related to the weak measurement research has generally increased. Moreover, the overall trend increased from three papers in 2001 to 56 papers in 2020. And the annual growth rate reaches 16.65$\%$. In addition, the number of the average article citations per year in Fig. \ref{Fig:result-Annual-pubulation}b shows that the average number of citations for weak measurement studies can remain stable. Therefore, we can conclude that the field is currently in a phase of steady growth in global trends in publications.

\subsection{Distribution of Institutions and Countries}
\begin{table}[htbp]
\centering
\caption{The top 10 countries contributed to the total citations on weak measurement research. Average$^1$ represents the average article citations.}
\label{tab:Most-cited-country}
\begin{tabular}{p{1.1cm}p{3.1cm}p{2.4cm}p{1.2cm}}
\toprule
Rank & Country &Total Citations& Average$^1$ \\
\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
1 & USA & 4007 & 39.28\\
2 & China & 2170 & 17.5\\
3 & Japan & 1671 & 23.87\\
4 & France & 1090 & 57.37\\
5 & United Kingdom & 976 & 25.68\\
6 & Germany & 973 & 31.39\\
7 & Australia & 781 & 32.54\\
8 & Netherlands & 632 & 52.67\\
9 & Canada & 585 & 27.86\\
10 &Switzerland & 574 & 47.83\\
\toprule\\
\end{tabular}
\vspace*{-0.4cm}
\end{table}
\begin{table}[!htbp]
\centering
\caption{The top 10 institutions contributed to the total publications on weak measurement research. USTC$^1$: University of Science and Technology of China; SJTU$^2$: Shanghai Jiao Tong University; NUODT$^3$: National University of Defense Technology}
\label{tab:Most-cited-affiliation}
\begin{tabular}{p{1.1cm}p{3.6cm}p{1.4cm}p{1.6cm}}
\toprule
Rank & Institutions &Articles& Proportion \\
\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
1 & University Rochester & 64 & 10.0$\%$\\
2 & USTC$^1$ & 56 & 8.8$\%$\\
3 & Chapman University & 32 & 5.0$\%$\\
4 & SJTU$^2$ & 24 &3.7$\%$\\
5 & NUODT$^3$ & 23 & 3.6$\%$\\
6 & University Bristol & 22 &  3.4$\%$\\
7 & Palacky University & 20 & 3.1$\%$\\
8 & Tsinghua University & 19 & 2.9$\%$\\
9 & University Toronto & 18 & 2.8$\%$\\
10 &University Queensland & 16 & 2.5$\%$\\
\toprule\\
\end{tabular}
\vspace*{-0.4cm}
\end{table}
Global contributions to weak measurement research were analyzed and represented in Fig.\ref{Fig:Most-cited-countries}. And the contribution to the total citation from different countries is shown in Table. \ref{tab:Most-cited-country}. A total of 36 countries participated in a weak measurement study. By counting the number of the corresponding author's country, the most cited countries in this field are shown in  Fig. \ref{Fig:Most-cited-countries}a. The United States contributed the greatest number of citations (4007, 25.7$\%$ of all citations), followed by China (2170, 13.9$\%$) and Japan(1671, 10.7$\%$). The cooperative relationship among these countries is demonstrated in Fig .\ref{Fig:networkcountry}a. The thickness of the lines indicates the strength of the relationship. The United state(USA) and China show equal importance to global cooperation. Meanwhile, the USA and China had close collaborations with each other.

Note that the order of average article citations is not consistent with the order of total Citations in Table. \ref{tab:Most-cited-country}. In the top 10 countries ranked by total citations, articles from the Netherlands had the highest number of the average article citations. In other words, the average quality of the articles from the Netherlands is the best.

A total of 186 institutions were involved in weak measurement research. Most of the articles originated from affiliations in the USA, with University Rochester producing the highest number of articles(64 records, 10.0$\%$) on weak measurement, followed by the University of Science and Technology of China(56 records, 8.8$\%$) and Chapman University(32 records, 3.6$\%$). In addition, the connection among these affiliations is demonstrated in Fig. \ref{Fig:Most-cited-countries}b.

\subsection{Analysis Authors}
\begin{table}[htbp]
\centering
\caption{The top 10 most active authors on weak measurement research.}
\label{tab:Most-cited-authors}
\begin{tabular}{p{1.2cm}p{3.1cm}p{1.2cm}p{2.3cm}}
\toprule
Rank & Author &Articles&  Fractionalized \\
\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
1 & Andrew N. Jordan   & 21 & 6.82\\
2 & John C. Howell     & 17 & 4.06\\
3 & Dressel, Justin    & 16 & 6.10\\
4 & Guang-Can Guo      & 16 &2.13\\
5 & Jing-Zheng Huang   & 14 & 3.18\\
6 & GH. Zeng           & 14 & 3.18\\
7 & J. Martinez-Rincon & 10 & 3.48\\
8 & Chen Fang          & 9  & 2.03\\
9 & Nobuyuki Imoto     & 9  & 4.03\\
10 &ZY. Zhang          & 9  & 2.07\\
\toprule\\
\end{tabular}
\vspace*{-0.4cm}
\end{table}
A total of 1452 authors contributed 636 publications related to weak measurement research. Fig. \ref{Fig:mostrelevantAuthors}a shows the top 12 most relevant authors. In terms of the number of publications is shown in Table. \ref{tab:Most-cited-authors}. Andrew N. Jordan was the most productive author, with 21 articles (3.3$\%$ of all articles), followed by John C. Howell(2.6$\%$ of all articles) and J. Dressel(2.5$\%$ of all articles). In terms of citations in this field, Andrew N. Jordan was ranked first (1605
citations), followed by John C. Howell (893 citations), Dressel, Justin (789 citations), DJ. Starling (575 citations), and Guang-Can Guo (531 citations). Note that from Fig. \ref{Fig:mostrelevantAuthors}a, Fig. \ref{Fig:mostrelevantAuthors}b and Fig. \ref{Fig:mostrelevantAuthors}c, Andrew N. Jordan was the most active author on the weak measurement research, and whose works laid the foundation for the major research projects being undertaking today. Fig. \ref{Fig:mostrelevantAuthors}d shows that SZ. Chen has an M-index of 1.2 more than Andrew N. Jordan, suggesting that he can be characterized as the most promising scientist.

In addition, Fig. \ref{Fig:mostrelevantAuthors}e demonstrates the Top-author's production from 2000 to 2020. We can conclude that most of the articles by top-author had been published in the last decade. On the other hand, the result shows that more and more outstanding scientists, such as Chen Fang and Jing-Zheng Huang have devoted themselves to weak measurement research. This means that the study of weak measurement will continue to be a hot field.

We analyzed a total of 33 authors that were co-authored in more than five publications and the network map of co-occurrence between authors on the weak measurement research is shown in Fig \ref{Fig:network-author}. Our findings suggest that authors' partnerships are largely confined to the country in which the authors reside. For example, Jing-Zheng Huang, Chen Fang, and GH. Zeng keep the closest cooperation with each other, and they belong to China.

\subsection{Active journals}
\begin{table}[htbp]
\centering
\caption{The top 12 journals ranked by Source local impact by total citation index. J. Phys. A: Journal Of Physics A-mathematical and Theoretical; Rev Mod Phys: Reviews Of Modern Physics.}
\label{tab:Source-local-impact}
\begin{tabular}{p{1.1cm}p{3.6cm}p{1.4cm}p{1.6cm}}
\toprule
Rank & Journal & Citations& Impact Factor \\
\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
1 & Physical Review A      & 6454 & 3.140\\
2 & Physical Review Letter & 5858 & 9.161\\
3 & Physical Review B      & 664  & 4.036\\
4 & Optics Letters         & 366  & 3.776\\
5 & Physical Review X      & 335  & 15.76\\
6 & New Journal Of Physics & 333  & 3.729\\
7 & Rev Mod Phys  & 315 & 54.49\\
8 & Nature & 198 & 49.96\\
9 & J. Phys. A & 196 & 2.868\\
10 &Physics Reports  & 192 & 25.60\\
\toprule\\
\end{tabular}
\vspace*{-0.4cm}
\end{table}
The 636 articles were published in a total of 61 journals, with 17 journals have published more than five papers on weak measurement research. the top 12 journals in terms of the number of publications are shown in Fig. \ref{MostRelevantSources}a. The number 273 of articles published in "Physical Review A" is the largest, followed by "Physical Review Letter"(99 publications).

In addition, the top 12 journals ranked by Source local impact by total citation index are shown in Fig. \ref{MostRelevantSources}b and Table \ref{tab:Source-local-impact}. Physical Review A(IF = 3.140) had 6454 total citations on the weak measurement research, which was the highest number, followed by Physical Review Letter(IF = 9.161). Note that these journals such as Nature(IF = 49.96) and Rev Mod Phys(IF = 54.49) had higher impact factors while had lower total citations due to fewer publications. The higher the impact factor, the more difficult it is to publish.

Fig. \ref{MostRelevantSources}c shows the top 12 journals ranked by Source local impact by H-index. Normally, H-index is used as a tool in predicting future research. Therefore, our results show that Physical Review A and Physical Review Letter were the most active journals with high citations and would keep the trends in the future. Meanwhile, we can obtain the same conclusion from Fig. \ref{MostRelevantSources}d.

\subsection{Analysis of high-citation documents}
\begin{table*}[htbp]
\centering
\caption{Top ten citation analysis of documents on weak measurement research.}
\label{tab:analysis-of-documents}
\begin{tabular}{p{0.8cm}p{8.9cm}p{1.4cm}p{2.2cm}p{3.3cm}}
\toprule
Rank & Title & Citations& First Author &DOI \\
\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
1 & Ultrasensitive Beam Deflection Measurement via Interferometric Weak Value Amplification\cite{PhysRevLett.102.173601}     & 412 &  P. Ben Dixon  &\url{10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.173601}\\
2 & Colloquium: Understanding quantum weak values: Basics and applications\cite{RevModPhys.86.307} & 315 &Justin Dressel & \url{10.1103/RevModPhys.86.307}\\
3 & Monoclinic structure of unpoled morphotropic high piezoelectric PMN-PT and PZN-PT compounds\cite{PhysRevB.65.064106}     & 269&  Jean-Michel Kiat & \url{10.1103/PhysRevB.65.064106}\\
4 & Continuous Variable Quantum Cryptography: Beating the 3 dB Loss Limit\cite{PhysRevLett.89.167901}   & 243  & Ch. Silberhorn&\url{10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.167901}\\
5 & Hybrid Quantum Repeater Using Bright Coherent Light\cite{PhysRevLett.96.240501}      & 209   & P. van Loock & \url{10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.240501}\\
6 & One-step deterministic polarization-entanglement purification using spatial entanglement\cite{PhysRevA.82.044305} & 204  & Yu-Bo Sheng & \url{10.1103/PhysRevA.82.044305}\\
7 & Measuring Small Longitudinal Phase Shifts: Weak Measurements or Standard Interferometry?\cite{PhysRevLett.105.010405}  & 199 & Nicolas Brunner& \url{10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.010405} \\
8 & Deterministic entanglement of superconducting qubits by parity measurement and feedback\cite{2013Deterministic} & 198 &  D. Riste& \url{10.1038/nature12513}\\
9 & Nonperturbative theory of weak pre- and post-selected measurements\cite{KOFMAN201243} & 192&Abraham G.Kofman & \url{10.1016/j.physrep.2012.07.001}\\
10 &Complex weak values in quantum measurement\cite{PhysRevA.76.044103}  & 191 & Richard Jozsa& \url{10.1103/PhysRevA.76.044103}\\

\toprule\\
\end{tabular}
\vspace*{-0.4cm}
\end{table*}

Table. \ref{tab:analysis-of-documents} shows the top ten citation analyses of documents on weak measurement research from 2000 to 2020. "Ultrasensitive Beam Deflection Measurement via Interferometric Weak Value Amplification\cite{PhysRevLett.102.173601}" was the most popular article with the highest citations. In their work, they reported on the use of an interferometric weak value technique to amplify very small transverse deflections of an optical beam. This paper can be used as a representative work of quantum weak measurement to amplify a detector signal. In addition, the review "Colloquium: Understanding quantum weak values: Basics and applications\cite{RevModPhys.86.307}" had concluded its application to their distinct experimental techniques: weak-value amplification\cite{PhysRevLett.126.220801,PhysRevA.103.053518,PhysRevLett.125.020405}, direct quantum state and geometric determination\cite{DErrico:17,2014Direct,0Direct} and a measurable window into non-classical features of quantum mechanics\cite{Yokota_2009,Neves_2009,Lund_2010}.

\subsection{Analysis and Co-occurrence Network of Keywords}
We analyzed a total of 634 keywords and the top 10 relevant keywords in Fig. \ref{Fig:MostrelavantWorlds}a. In our statistics, the keyword "weak measurement" had the most frequent occurrence, followed by "weak value" and "postselection". These words are corresponding to the search term On WOS in our study. "quantum optics" may suggest that quantum weak measurement is mainly achieved by photons so far\cite{CHEN2017349,He_2014}. In addition, other keywords such as "weak value amplification" "entanglement", and "quantum metrology" present the main applications of weak measurement.

Fig. \ref{Fig:WordsCloud} shows Keywords cloud on weak measurement research from 2000 to 2020. With this visual representation of the Biblioshiny Bibliometrix R-package, words/phrases with higher volume and keyword density are displayed in a larger, more prominent font. Therefore, We can get more visualized information from the Keywords cloud.

\section{Discussion}

\subsection{General Trends in Weak Measurement Research}
In this study, we combined bibliophily for Bibliometrix analyses with network visualizations to characterize the current landscape of the weak measurement research, analyzing the contributions of countries, institutions, journals, authors, high-citation documents, and keywords to this field. Since the field emerged in 2000, the annual publication output in the field has increased steadily. With the largest number of publications and citations and the top rank for co-occurrence analysis by country, the United States is currently the world leader in weak Measurement research. Even the institution University Rochester with the most publications belongs to the United States. These results suggest that the United States may have a significant impact on the direction of research in this field. China was ranked second in the total number of publications and the total citations; it was ranked second in collaboration with other countries. The top two sources ranked by citations were Physical Review A(39.7$\%$ of total citations) and Physical Review Letter(36.1$\%$ of total citations). Andrew N. Jordan(21 articles) and John C. Howell(17 articles) were the most active authors.

We concluded the general Trends in weak measurement research from 2000 to 2020 with countries, institutions, journals, and authors in Fig. \ref{Fig:institution-source-authour}. The interconnections among countries, journals, and institutions in Fig.\ref{Fig:institution-source-authour} can provide useful insights. For instance, studies on weak measurement research are mostly published in Physical Review A, the majority of which are authored by USA scholars from the University Rochester. In addition,  Fig.\ref{Fig:institution-source-authour}b shows the interactions among the most active institutions, journals, and authors. The top active authors with high-quality papers belong to the institutions of China or the USA. And Fig.\ref{Fig:institution-source-authour}c shows the interactions among the active countries, institutions, and authors. In general, the USA and China had taken a leading position with high-citations and high-quality papers in the research of weak measurement.

\subsection{Factorial Analysis on keywords}
The Biblioshiny for Bibliometrix allows using the conceptual Structure-function to perform multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) to draw a conceptual structure of the field and K-means clustering to identify clusters of documents that express common concepts\cite{ARIA2017959}. MCA is an exploratory multivariate technique for the graphical and numerical analysis of multivariate categorical data\cite{2006Multiple}. It examines the interdependence among a set of categorical variables, aiming to identify new latent variables, i.e. factors. The results are interpreted based on the relative positions of the points and their distribution along the dimensions; as words are more similar in distribution, the closer they are represented in Fig. \ref{Fig:MCA}.

Note that new knowledge emerged from Factorial analysis of keywords. K-means clustering, also known as unsupervised classification, aims to divide data into meaningful or useful groups (or clusters). The keywords were divided into three groups by MCA. We found that the group with "interferometer", "value. amplification" and "precision" was corresponding the main application of weak measurement on weak-value amplification\cite{PhysRevLett.126.220801,PhysRevA.103.053518,PhysRevLett.125.020405}.

\subsection{Future Outlook}
Our co-occurrence network maps, clustered by topic area or publication date, indicated the current hot topics and future directions in weak measurement research in Fig.\ref{Fig:trendtopics}. The keywords indicated that weak measurements are involved a variety of metrology(amplification, noise, value amplification), quantum communication(security, decoherence, communication) and nonclassical features of quantum mechanics(inequality, violation). The latest keywords that indicate future trends in this field are as follows.

\textbf{1}. "Security" was the most popular topic in recent years on weak measurement research. Recently, weak measurements have been proposed as a method of assessing the security in the quantum information theory\cite{Jacob2016,Unconditional_2018,Xu_2019}. By utilizing the quantum weak measurement technology, Xu et al.\cite{Xu_2019} proposed the chain inequality violation with three parties, and the analysis result demonstrates that double Chain inequality violation can be observed in the case of Alice and Bob have two different measurement bases. To improve the security of the practical quantum key distribution system, Li et al.\cite{Unconditional_2018} proposed the weak measurement model to monitor the intercept-resend eavesdropping strategy in the quantum channel, where the detector-blinding attack and the wavelength attack can be observed through the quantum bit error rate value in the weak measurement model.

\textbf{2}. "Amplification" and "noise" were the keywords of the weak-value amplification(WVA) technique to amplify a detector signal. The weak-value-amplification technique had shown great importance in the measurement of tiny physical effects\cite{PhysRevA.100.012109,Fang:21,PhysRevLett.126.220801}. In a quantum-noise limited system, the WVA technique using postselection normally does not produce more sensitive measurements because the increased weak value will lead to a small postselection probability. However, Krafczyk et al\cite{PhysRevLett.126.220801}. experimentally demonstrated recycled weak-value measurements. By using photon-counting detectors, they demonstrated a signal improvement by a factor of $4.4 \pm 0.2$ and a signal-to-noise ratio improvement of $2.1 \pm 0.06$, compared to a single-pass weak-value experiment. In addition, Huang et al\cite{PhysRevA.100.012109} proposed an approach called dual weak-value amplification (DWVA), with sensitivity several orders of magnitude higher than the standard approach without losing signal intensity. We can conclude that achieving higher sensitivity and the signal-noise rate is an earnest purpose for the weak-value-amplification technique.

\textbf{3}. "Decoherence" in terms of quantum decoherence is caused by the interaction between the quantum system. Quantum decoherence plays a pivotal role in the dynamical description of the quantum-to-classical transition and is the main impediment to the realization of devices for quantum information processing. Recently, weak measurements, which consist of several positive operators valued measures are performed before or after the evolution of the quantum system to reduce the decoherence of the system caused by the environment\cite{DATTA2017897,PRAMANIK20133209,Enhanced2019,PhysRevA.98.042322}. Datta et al\cite{DATTA2017897} demonstrated that the technique of weak measurement can be used to slow down the process of decoherence, thereby helping to preserve the quantum secret key rate when one or both systems are interacting with the environment via an amplitude damping channel. Pramanik et al\cite{PRAMANIK20133209} employed the technique of weak measurement to enable the preservation of teleportation fidelity for two-qubit noisy channels. Gupta et al\cite{PhysRevA.98.042322} shown that the diminishing effect modeled by the amplitude damping channel can be slowed down by employing the technique of weak measurements and reversals.

\section{Conclusion}
We have drawn scientific maps of journals, countries, documents,  institutions, authors, co-occurrence network of keywords to determine trend topics in this field. With the steady growth in global trends in publications, weak measurement has become a hot topic among scientists over the past 20 years. Our results indicate that the United States is a major contributor to weak measurement research. University Rochester, University of Science and Technology of China, and Chapman University are considered excellent institutions for donating most high-citation articles. Andrew N. Jordan is a prominent researcher in this field. The Biblioshiny for Bibliometrix analysis of the publications on weak measurement is of great significance for researchers in finding the most active authors, institutions, discovering research hot-spots, and predicting the trends of weak measurement research.

\vspace{6pt}

\authorcontributions{Jing-Hui Huang and Xue-Ying Duan collected the literature and wrote the article. Guang-Jun Wang, Fei-Fan He and Xiang-Yun Hu revised the article. Jing-Hui Huang designed the study. Xue-Ying Duan prepared figures and tables. All the authors were involved in the preparation of the manuscript. All the authors have read and approved the final manuscript.}

\funding{This research was funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2018YFC1503705) and the Fundamental Research Funds for National Universities, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan) (Grant No. G1323519204). }

\end{paracol}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Bowser and Blue crack up Nav Centre
in Columns, News
Canadian comedy legends Bowser & Blue offered a hilarious performance at the NAV Centre Saturday night.
The show, part of the ever-growing Cornwall Comedy Festival, saw young and old get together for a night of music and laughter, and Bowser and Blue did not disappoint. From Harmonica, to guitar, to banjo and from politics to old age pension, the dynamic duo filled two hours with catchy tunes and clever jokes.
The Festival, brain child of Shawn Fowler of Lancaster's Sweet Tooth Bakery, aims at presenting the finest talent in the Canadian comedy industry to the residents of Cornwall and are and giving patrons a first-rate comedic encounter. "We're going back home with cup cakes," declared Bowser after introducing Fowler, which the audience was quick to correct. This was a true testament of how well-known the bakery's butter tarts are in the region. The night culminated with an epic rendition of the Canadian anthem, one that could rival Jimmy Hendrix's version of the Star Spangle Banners.
Rurban Brewery and NAV Canada were the two main sponsors of Saturday's event. "It's the help of community minded businesses in Cornwall that make these shows a reality," said Fowler in an interview with The Seeker.
All the shows taking place throughout the year help fund the bigger week-end long festival in the spring, which also doubles as a fundraiser. Since the first edition in the spring of 2014, over $15,000 were raised for local not-for-profit groups.
The next show will take place on December 9 and will feature the 2015 winner of Sirius XM's "top comic" and Montreal-based Stand-Up Comedian Derek Seguin. To buy tickets or for more information about the Cornwall Comedy Festival, visit http://www.cornwallcomedyfestival.ca
United Way Flag raised to mark October as United Way month

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


This area was underserved and in the redevelopment, even the parking that was here was removed!
Pavements are so wide, pedestrians can walk 10 across on both sides of the road. There is gym,. Supermarket and new st jamess market centre here, zero parking at the moment on this whole road,. I guess it is considered unsightly?!


text:
Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman addresses the Future Investment Initiative conference in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, on Oct. 24, 2018.
Report: CIA Concludes Crown Prince Ordered Khashoggi's Death
Newser — Jenn Gidman
It's not exactly a surprising conclusion, but it lends credence to the whispers—the CIA believes with "high confidence" that Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman was the one who put the hit out on Jamal Khashoggi, sources tell the Washington Post and New York Times.
The Times notes two key communications came into play: calls made by the "kill team" to a top bin Salman aide, as well as calls with the crown prince himself.
Although bin Salman is never heard directly ordering Khashoggi's assassination on the intercepts, sources say he can be heard mulling over ways to get Khashoggi back to Riyadh.
The CIA also based its conclusion on the fact that the crown prince is, in effect, the ruler of a kingdom in which nothing big happens without his OK.
"The accepted position is that there is no way this happened without him being aware or involved," a US official tells the Post.
One particularly critical phone call, said to have been made at bin Salman's direction, was one placed by his brother, Khalid bin Salman, to Khashoggi, in which Khalid told the journalist he should head over to the Saudi Consulate in Istanbul to get his marriage papers, and that he'd be OK doing that.
Arab News reports that Khalid is pushing back on those claims, ripping into the Post on Twitter for publishing such a "serious accusation" that he says "should not be left to anonymous sources." "As we told the Washington Post the last contact I had with Mr. Khashoggi was via text on Oct 26 2017," he noted in a tweet.
"I never talked to him by phone and certainly never suggested he go to Turkey for any reason. I ask the US government to release any information regarding this claim." (Saudi Arabia says it wants to put five to death in the case.)
More From Newser
Police in Japan Investigate a Rare Mass Killing
Guy's First Hang-Gliding Flight Is 134 Terrible Seconds
Woman With Asperger's Was Euthanized.
Now, a Trial
This article originally appeared on Newser: Report: CIA Concludes Crown Prince Ordered Khashoggi's Death


text:
Camera IconMohammad Rizwan came from an ICU bed before being hit on the helmet and scoring a gutsy 67. Credit: AAP
Rizwan gives Aussies scare after ICU stay
Scott BaileyAAP
Matthew Hayden has hailed Pakistan opener Mohammad Rizwan as a "warrior" after he emerged out of an intensive care to almost take down Australia.
Rizwan launched four powerful sixes in his 67 in the Twenty20 World Cup semi-final for Pakistan, before it emerged he had been battling a chest infection.
Further details from within the Pakistan camp revealed Rizwan had fallen ill on Tuesday, and spent two nights in a Dubai ICU bed.
He was only released on the morning of Thursday's semi-final, helping Pakistan to 4-176 before Matthew Wade and Marcus Stoinis fought back to get Australia home with an over to spare.
"Mohammad Rizwan developed a severe chest infection on 9th of November after which he was admitted to the hospital," Pakistan's team doctor Najeebullah Soomro said.
"He spent two nights in the ICU recovering. He made an incredible recovery and was deemed fit before the match.
"We can see his great determination and tenacity that shows his spirit of performing for the country. And we can see how he performed today."
Rizwan also managed to shake off a Mitchell Starc bouncer to the helmet during his innings and later had a near faultless display with the gloves.
Three of his sixes came off Josh Hazlewood, while another was a massive sweep shot off Adam Zampa.
"This is a warrior, he's been brilliant through the campaign and he's got great courage," Hayden said in his role as Pakistan's batting coach.
Pakistan captain Babar Azam, who put on an opening stand of 77 with Rizwan, also praised his determination.
"Definitely he's a team man," Babar said.
"The way he played today it was exceptional. When I saw him he was a little bit down.
"But when I asked him about his health he said, 'no, I will play'."
Pakistan's loss to Australia marks something of a missed opportunity, given they were undefeated through their group and spent large parts of the past five years as world No.1.
It comes after the other dominant team of the group stage - England - were shocked by New Zealand on Wednesday night, creating an unlikely final between the trans-Tasman rivals.


See-Thru Light Designer includes two removable panels and four markers.
›See more product details With the See-Thru Light Designer, you can create your own original designs and use them to make an interactive light and color show. The two reusable transparent panels give you plenty of space to draw and doodle your own light-up art that you can bring to life with lights and effects. Then take the fun to the next level by placing objects, pictures, or family and friends behind the panels to combine your art with real life. Designed for ages six and up, the See-Thru Light Designer includes two removable panels and four markers.Create Light-Up ArtThe See-Thru Light Designer brings your original art to vibrant life. The two panels provide plenty of space to create your own original doodles and drawings. Then use the action buttons to select one of seven different animation and effect combinations.See-Thru Panels Bring in the World Around YouWith the See-Thru Light Designer, there's no limit to what you can create. Both panels are transparent, so your art can transform into an interactive show. Place your favorite photos, action figures, stuffed animals, or any other object behind the panel, and they'll instantly be part of the fun. You can also bring friends and family members in on the action, making it easy to tell a story with your art.Integrated Marker StorageThe designer includes space to store the four included markers, so they'll always be organized and right where you need them. The See-Thru Light Designer takes three AA batteries (not included).


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Is SBA form 3509 required?
Since November 2020, SBA has required Form 3509, Loan Necessity Questionnaire (for-profit borrowers) and Form 3510, Loan Necessity Questionnaire (nonprofit borrowers) from borrowers requesting PPP loan forgiveness of $2 million or more when aggregated with PPP loans received by affiliates.
Subsequently, can self employed get PPP loan?
You can apply for a PPP loan as a self-employed individual once applications open for the 1,800 qualified SBA lenders.
Also, can you go to jail for PPP loan? Depending on the circumstances, the federal government might charge people accused of defrauding the PPP under the following provisions: 15 U.S.C. § 645: Making a false statement to the SBA. This can result in a fine of up to $5,000 and up to 2 years in prison.
Consequently, has SBA forgiven any PPP loans over $2 million?
Out of the 28,913 PPP borrowers with loans of $2 million and above in 2020, 26,306 have submitted for forgiveness, or about 91%.
Is 3509 still required?
Update: As of early July 2021, the SBA is discontinuing the use of the Necessity Questionnaires (Form 3509 and Form 3510) and informed lenders that the forms are no long required.
Is PPP coming back July 2021?
On June 25th, the Federal Reserve Board announced (Off-site) it will extend for a final time its Paycheck Protection Program Liquidity Facility (PPPLF) by an additional month to July 30, 2021. … The PPPLF extends term credit to financial institutions making PPP loans, accepting the PPP loans as collateral.
Is PPP still available 2021?
Notice: PPP ended May 31, 2021
The PPP ended on May 31, 2021. Existing borrowers may be eligible for PPP loan forgiveness. SBA also offers additional COVID-19 relief.
Is the SBA forgiving loans?
The SBA is launching a new direct forgiveness process that provides PPP lenders with an optional technology solution that essentially will allow their borrowers to apply for loan forgiveness directly to the SBA through the new portal that will launch Aug. 4.
Is there a Round 2 of PPP?
If you received a PPP loan in 2020, you may be eligible to apply for a second PPP loan if your business suffered a loss in revenue in 2020. … This means, like the first PPP loan, the second round of PPP loans will also be fully forgivable if you follow the forgiveness guidelines.
What is a 3509?
LOAN NECESSITY QUESTIONNAIRE (FOR-PROFIT BORROWERS) The purpose of this form is to facilitate the collection of supplemental information that will be used by. SBA loan reviewers to evaluate the good-faith certification that you made on your PPP Borrower.
Will I be audited for PPP?
The Small Business Administration ("SBA") has announced it will audit all PPP loans in excess of two million dollars following a lender's submission of a borrower's loan forgiveness application, and it reserves the right to "spot check" any PPP loan of a lesser amount at its discretion.
Will there be PPP Round 3?
A third round of Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) loans was authorized by the passage of H.R. 133: Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 into law on Dec. 27, 2020. … Business owners can still apply for an EIDL loan but PPP loans are no longer available.
How are legal fees calculated in Malaysia?
Is credit card debt an unsecured loan?


text:
Cory Robert Paus (born April 4, 1980) is a former Canadian football quarterback in the Canadian Football League (CFL). He played college football at UCLA. He played one year in the CFL for the Calgary Stampeders.

His brother, Casey Paus, played quarterback at the University of Washington.

References

External links
UCLA Bruins bio
Just Sports Stats

1980 births
Living people
People from Hinsdale, Illinois
Players of American football from Illinois
Sportspeople from Cook County, Illinois
Sportspeople from DuPage County, Illinois
American football quarterbacks
Canadian football quarterbacks
UCLA Bruins football players
Calgary Stampeders players

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Helen Walters: Writer, Editor
Infrequently updated website of writing, published and personal.
@HelenWalters on Twitter
Didn't mean to tell @Wintersonworld that I love her, but I did, and we came up with a great, sweary alternative tit… twitter.com/i/web/status/1… 4 months ago
Extraordinary performance at #TED2022. @ninamcneely I love you: ted.com/talks/nina_mcn… 5 months ago
Pretty excited about this initiative, not least because it allows us to keep connected with our amazing speakers, e… twitter.com/i/web/status/1… 8 months ago
💛 that @brainpicker: ted.com/talks/maria_po… 8 months ago
A list of @TheAudaciousPrj grantees to give you hope that maybe everything is not as terrible as it might seem. The… twitter.com/i/web/status/1… 10 months ago
Follow @HelenWalters
Thank you for coming to my TED Talk
NICU nurses are not angels
Find me at TED …
Design-related musings prompted by a hospital stay
Connecting: a documentary on interaction design
Contact me: hdwalters at gmail
Category: Core77
Knoll CEO Andrew Cogan on Design, Innovation and the Evolution of the Workplace
Latest word works, for Core77, feature an interview with Knoll's CEO, Andrew Cogan.
This year's Cooper-Hewitt National Design Award for corporate and institutional achievement was given to furniture design company, Knoll. The award is a timely vindication for the design-focused company, which continued to invest in design even as the economy tanked (Knoll stock price in the first quarter of 2009 sank to just over $5; shares are now over $20.)
Andrew Cogan has been CEO of the East Greenville, Pennsylvania-based company since 2001. I talked with him about the company's ongoing commitment to innovation, and he described how Knoll has learned to evolve and adapt along with the market even as it continues to emphasize the importance of design to the bottom line ("Workspaces," top, are a new introduction designed by famed New York-based company, Antenna.)
Read the interview on Core77.
By Helen Waltersin 2011, Core77, Design, Furniture July 18, 2011 July 18, 2011 138 WordsLeave a comment
11 Best Innovation Design Books of 2010
I came up with a list of my books of the year for Core77. As with all these things, it's totally subjective, reflective of many of my current interests and missing out many worthy and useful books. However, I still think it's a worthy exercise, mainly for allowing me to look back and take stock of themes that have bubbled up through the year and that might be worth keeping an eye on in the next.
I won't doublepost here, so do check out the full piece on Core77 for commentary on why I chose these books in particular. But here, for the sake of it, is the list itself. Do let me know what you think–and which titles I should be hung, drawn and quartered for omitting.
Cognitive Surplus: Creativity and Generosity in a Connected Age
by Clay Shirky
Penguin Press
Where Good Ideas Come From: The Natural History of Innovation
by Steven Johnson
The Power of Pull: How Small Moves, Smartly Made, Can Set Big Things in Motion
by John Hagel, John Seely Brown, Lang Davison
The Mesh: Why The Future of Business is Sharing
by Lisa Gansky
Portfolio/Penguin
Macrowikinomics: Rebooting Business and the World
by Don Tapscott and Anthony D. Williams
The Other Side of Innovation: Solving the Execution Challenge
by Vijay Govindarajan, Chris Trimble
Different: Escaping the Competitive Herd
by Youngme Moon
Crown Business
Living with Complexity
by Don Norman
Switch: How to Change Things When Change Is Hard
by Chip Heath, Dan Heath
Business Model Generation: A Handbook for Visionaries, Game Changers, and Challengers
by Alexander Osterwalder, Yves Pigneur
Nonobject
by Branko Lukic with text by Barry M Katz
By Helen Waltersin 2010, Books, Core77 December 1, 2010 293 WordsLeave a comment
The Innovator's Mindset: Can You Turn Mud Into Gold?
[[Originally posted on Core77.com]]
It took a moment of family trauma for Colonel Dean Esserman to figure out how he needed to transform the Providence police department. The upset arose when the police chief's son made a sad phone call from Washington D.C. to report a stolen bicycle. Esserman was pissed. Not with his son, of course (though he quickly and ruefully realized he'd be the one taking care of replacing the bike). But because it suddenly dawned on him that this type of situation epitomized what's wrong with the contemporary policing system.
Read the rest of this piece here.
By Helen Waltersin Core77, Events September 25, 2010 102 WordsLeave a comment
Reporting from the first day of the Business Innovation Factory's annual shindig
[[Originally posted on Core77]]
"What I created, I need to destroy." Richard Saul Wurman was on fine, curmudgeonly form on the opening day of BIF6. In particular, he seemed indignant that the 18-minute speech format he coined with the TED conference has been so widely replicated around the global conference circuit. "Speakers are practicing!" he said, in outrage. "They know it's going to be taped and on the fucking television or computer!" This, said one of the world's most convincing hams, quashes both creativity and sincerity. "When you want me to stop talking, say 'that's it'. Be an editor," he challenged BIF's organizers, who limit their speakers to a mere 15 minutes. And to his credit, conference founder Saul Kaplan picked up the gauntlet, standing up after Wurman's time was (well) over and quietly proclaiming "that's it." (Wurman, to give him his due, meekly capitulated.)
Read the rest of this post, complete with photos, over at Core77.com
By Helen Waltersin Core77, Events September 16, 2010 September 16, 2010 157 WordsLeave a comment


Instantly find any The Walking Dead full episode available from all 9 seasons with videos reviews, news more! It focuses on Rick Grimes awakens from a coma in a zombie apocalypse that has resulted in a state- wide quarantine. The Walking Dead is a black- and- white comic book series created by writer Robert Kirkman with art by Tony Moore.
Watch The Walking Dead Full Episodes Online. Find WALKING DEAD SEASONS 1 THROUGH 4 DVD at Movies & TV home of thousands of titles on DVD Blu- ray. After joining with other ones, he gradually takes on the role of leader of a community as it struggles to survive. Walking dead 52 download.
The Real Story Of How The 1st Battalion, 9th Marines Earned the Nickname ( " The Walking Dead" ) by Randell Widner There is a valley about 15 miles south of Da.
Buy The Walking Dead [ Download] : Read 51 Video Games Reviews - Walking Dead is an American post- apocalyptic television series based on the comic book of the same name by Robert Kirkman, Tony Moore and Charlie Adlard, and developed for television by Frank premiered on the cable network AMC on October 31,. The series focuses on Rick Grimes, a sheriff' s deputy who slips into a coma after being EE GOG PC GAMES PRESENTS. The Walking Dead: Season 1 ( c) Telltale Games.
The Walking Dead is a five- part game series set in the same universe.


The outstanding Jillian Rose Reed never fails to rock some of the most chic, stylish, and oh, so spectacular outfits at all of the red carpet events she attends. The phenomenal and immensely talented actress was at it again leaving everyone in awe with her sensational look and claiming the title as the event's "Best Dressed" celeb at the 2017 MTV Movie & TV Awards today, May 7, 2017 at The Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles, California. The beautiful Jillian Rose Reed looked so ravishing wearing an outfit from Fashion Nova and Steve Madden shoes.
Jillian Rose Reed is such a fashionista and we always love all of her extraordinary, red carpet attires! Check out some more photos below of the exceptional Jillian Rose Reed looking so dazzling at the 2017 MTV Movie & TV Awards. I'm glad Jillian Rose Reed had an excellent time at the event!
Previous VIPAccessEXCLUSIVE: Goodies Galore – Great Brands Join GBK's Gifting Suite For The MTV Movie & TV Awards!
Next Article: Teala Dunn Looked So Gorgeous At The 2017 MTV Movie & TV Awards!


If you find a white line surface scratch on your hardwood floor, it can be masked and covered.
Many flooring stores sell a scratch remover product. You simply apply it on the white line and rub it with a lightly damped rag. If the scratch remover does not hide the scratch marks, you can also purchase a stain marker.
With a stain marker you simply draw on the scratch line and wipe it with a rag as well. The stain marker with the right color match will cover the scratch mark and will blend with the rest of the hardwood floor.


text:
Dasylirion texanum, sotol de Texas, es una especie  de planta fanerógama de la familia Asparagaceae, anteriormente de las ruscáceas. Es nativa de Texas y el estado de Coahuila en el nordeste de México, incluido el desierto de Chihuahua.

Descripción

Es una planta herbácea que normalmente es más pequeña que otras especies de Dasylirions, con pequeñas coronas y con los troncos, por lo general, con menos de 1,5 metros de longitud, con uu largo follaje que alcanza los 75 - 150 cm de longitud.

Usos

Alimento
Los indios del suroeste lo secaban al horno y lo convertían en harina para hacer pan.

Cultivo
Dasylirion texanum se cultiva en viveros y está disponible como una planta ornamental de plantas nativa, tolerantes a la sequía, para paisaje, jardines del hábitat , y para la restauración ecológica de proyectos.

Taxonomía
Dasylirion texanum fue descrita por George Heinrich Adolf Scheele y publicado en Linnaea 23: 140–143, en el año 1850.
Etimología
Dasylirion: nombre genérico compuesto que deriva de la palabra griega: dasys para "rugosa" , "descuidada" y leirion de "lirio", que probablemente fue elegido debido a las hojas largas y desordenadas.

texanum: epíteto geográfico que alude a su localización en Texas.
Sinonimia
Dasylirion texanum var. aberrans Trel.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 USDA Plant Profile: Dasylirion texanum (Texas sotol)
 Flora of North America - Dasylirion texanum
 Lady Bird Johnson Center: Dasylirion texanum treatment and photos

texanum
Flora de México
Flora de Estados Unidos
Flora del Desierto de Chihuahua
Plantas descritas en 1850
Plantas descritas por Scheele


At a time when more and more people constantly complain saying they don't feel "motivated" at work more often than not, we also come across those who show us what the phrase "work is worship" stands for.
A traffic cop from Assam is being hailed as a prime example of what real dedication looks like on a person.
Constable Mithun Das has quickly turned into an internet sensation after he was seen performing his duty, as he manned the traffic in a heavy rainstorm without a raincoat or even an umbrella to save him from the heavy downpour.
Assam Police shared a post of appreciation on their Twitter handle, praising Das for his devotion and selfless service.
Clad in his work uniform, constable Das stood at his post, right in the middle of a busy intersection and ensured that the cars moved smoothly while he is there.
"My duty hours were from 7 am to 12 pm. The storm started around 5 minutes before noon, but since my replacement hadn't come, I continued my job in the rain for nearly 20 minutes," Das told the media.
Special DGP (Law & Order) Kuladhar Saikia also praised constable Das' efforts and called him an inspiration.
Das' action is really motivating, and we are sure he has inspired thousands of men and women in the country to perform their duties with similar dedication. We are proud of you Constable Das.
Really motivating ! One can do their best in any job he/she has by dedication ! ðârespect !
Kudos to the constable for his outstanding sincerity towards his duty but on the other hand is it not necessary to keep a rain gear for so called smart police of Guwahati city.


THANK YOU for joining me for episode 367 of HiPPiE WiTCH : Magick For A New Age.
- Sign up for QUEEN before January 1st to make 2019 YOUR Year Of The Queen!
Join pediatric speech-language pathologist Laura Mize, M.S., CCC-SLP of teachmetotalk.com as we discuss what to do when a toddler does not imitate words consistently. This is a very common problem with late talkers, and the solution is always the same, but a little counterintuitive. Instead of teaching them something new, we actually have to BACK UP to what a child can already (kind of) do - rather than tackling the immediate goal. Most of the time, late talkers are NOT developmentally ready to begin working at the word level - that's the problem! We have to use different strategies and it varies from child to child depending on what they can already do. Listen to the show for ideas!
Like what you hear? Become a Patreon member, get exclusive content and support the creation of more videos like this! https://www.patreon.com/YaronBrookShow, go to https://www.subscribestar.com/yaronbrookshow or support the show direct through PayPal: paypal.me/YaronBrookShow.
We wrapped up this week on BangTheBook Radio as only we know how. Host Adam Burke talked about his Week 17 SuperContest picks as he looks to finish the season on a high note. The first eight weeks were brutal at 10-25-5, but the last eight weeks have been excellent at 27-12-1. We'll see where Week 17 falls, but it has certainly been a learning experience in the NFL. Joe Everett kicked in some of his thoughts again this week as Adam ran through three games that will be picks on the card and a set of four leans that will round out the five NFL betting picks.
Brent from DSI Sportsbook joined us for this week's version of The Odds Report. The guys recapped some past sharp action that they already discussed on the show and then moved into some new college football sharp action. Week 17 in the NFL is where we are seeing a lot of sharp action, as the guys had seven sides and totals to chat about on the program. Are you confused by this week's NFL card? See where the long-term winners are getting down.
Could a story about an epic battle between Bigfoot and a group of incredibly tall humans be historically true?
Join Johnny Baptist while he discusses the empirical events across the world leading up to World War III, the trickery and deceit of the New World Order, and the bizarre weirdness of the fallen angelic UFO phenomenon as we plunge head first into the forthcoming apocalypse and the Seven Seals of Revelation (chapter 6). Join us tonight for a powerful visit from sister Monique Bizet as she shares with us a number of revealing propheitc dreams/visions about the last hour of the very end-of-times.
As we start the New Year, let's remember that we are the ones that shape and mold our destiny. We must take responsibility for what we want and what we don't want in in our lives. It really is that simple. Today we have Justin Perry of You are Creators tell us that he had a dead end job on an assembly line. He knew that this was not want he wanted... so he started rewiring his brain to live a different life. You can do the same. Listen to this inspirational show and know that 2019 is all about creating the life that you want to live! You can do it!
The Arizona Cardinals still have no new coach two weeks into their search, and they don't appear to be in a hurry. They are beginning their second round of interviews, with a few names emerging as those of the original nine to move on to the next round. All raise questions moving forward if they get hired. Hosts Jess Root and Seth Cox go over the candidates whose names have come up. Sit back and enjoy a great hour of Cardinals talk.
Michael Imhotep host of The African History Network Show on 910 AM WFDF, 12-30-18 discussed: 1) #BeingWhileBlack – Black Hotel guest gets kicked out for talking on his cell phone. 2) From Kwanzaa to WAKANDA: Reconnecting African Americans to African Culture for Self Empowerment. 3) Black Wrestler for to cut his locs or forfeit match. 4) Day 9 of Trump's Government Shutdown!!! 5) The damage done by Jeff Sessions' last act as AG and Ferguson, MO 4 years later. 6) Russian Effort to Influence 2016 Election Targeted African-Americans.
Michael Imhotep host of "The African History Network Show" will be at the Kwanzaa celebration of Imani (Faith) Tues. Jan. 1st, 2019, 3pm-6pm at The Charles H. Wright Museum of African American History. The Wright Museum is celebrating Kwanzaa all 7 days, Mon. Dec. 26th, 2018 - Sun. Jan. 1st, 2019. FREE and open to the public. Michael Imhotep will be there on Tues. Jan. 1st. Be sure to visit his Vendor Table in The African Marketplace. Visit www.TheWright.org for more information. Visit www.AfricanHistoryNetwork.com.
Most rational people have asked how it's possible that a single "rogue" federal judge can overturn (or affirm) the President of the United States and of will of the American people with impunity. More importantly, another question arises: What can be done about it?
In this episode, Doug Hagmann explains the problem in the context of the "Deep" or "Administrative" State and solutions available.
Follow Doug Hagmann on Twitter: @HagmannPI #DHRS – Make it a "thing" on Twitter & GAB!


You are here: Home / Cabin Crew FAQ / What is an Emirates Assessment Day Like?
Being Cabin Crew is a once in a life time, amazing experience. Many girls and boys are dreaming about traveling the world and living the fantastic lifestyle. Getting hired by an international airline is not so easy and once it happens you still need to complete the cabin crew training.
Today I bring to you a guest post by an Emirates Cabin Crew member who has been working for Emirates for several years. She has been very kind to share her experiences with us by telling you what an Emirates assessment day is like.
Most candidates are not successful the first time they apply to be cabin crew and many of us (myself as well) have to try more than once to achieve our goal.
You have to own certain competences (refer to the job advertisement of the airline) and you need to make sure that you are able to demonstrate these competencies in an assessment day capacity!
It is important that you prepare yourself the best way possible way. There are some great resources that you can find on the Internet and I am a big fan of the forum cabincrew.com. For me, this was not enough as I was unsuccessful first time around and wasn't able to apply again for another year. If I had my time again, I would take Hayley's Assessment Day Mastery course to make sure that I was fully prepared. I've taken a look at the course and I think it is spot on, covering everything you need to know, and it's not too expensive either, which is obviously a good thing!
You are going to need a very good, clear CV which should not be longer than 1-2 pages, if you're not sure where to start for your CV, Hayley has some great tips here. Only include relevant information, preferably your customer service experience. You can enhance your chances of being successful if you do some volunteering activities. Work together with people, show your empathy. This is one of the most important skills of a good cabin crew member.
You also need photos in business attire, I would highly recommend you to have them done with professional help. Don't forget, you want to increase your chances, so you have to show something special to the recruiter.
Your smile is one of the most important things! When you hand over your CV to the recruiter, don't forget to smile, be genuine and natural. Talk clearly, but not too loudly, be polite and don't reject eye contact. Keep your smile and be friendly with an open attitude during the whole day.
Something I realised during my assessment days; the cooler you are, the less you stress and this will give you a calmer attitude, it will let you enjoy the whole day and the recruitment team will definitely see it!
The exact tasks of the assessment day do change from time to time, but there are some generic resources that can be really helpful, some of which are free on this website.
As a general rule of thumb, there will usually be some kind of teamwork assessment, a customer service role-play assessment, some basic tests and paperwork and an interview.
What's really important is how you present yourself. Make sure that you look the part and that you come loaded with lots of examples of your own experiences. Don't forget that you work in a team, say things like "our idea" and not "my idea" for example. When you are talking try to look at everyone and avoid staring at the recruiter and looking for her reaction. You can use open body language and gestures, but only if it is natural for you. Don't act! They will know it.
If you pass the assessment day you get an invitation for the final interview. That's the point when quality photos are really important. You will get bunch of questions, some of them might be unexpected, but don't panic. Answer sincerely, think before you start talking and you will be fine. For an idea of what types of questions you might be asked you can download this free interview question guide.
Once you complete everything you get a date of joining (DOJ) and you will find yourself in Dubai very soon! Most newbies come on a Friday, and we all have Saturday as a day off. The party starts on Sunday, which is the first working day of the week. The first week is the so called "Induction week" when you first meet the fellow 120 people who joined on the same week as you from different corners of the world. You will listen to never ending sessions about all the rules and duties but at least you are going to have long breaks.
There are lots of interactive activities which help you to get to know each other better.
You will spend half a day in the Emirates health clinic, but there is nothing to worry about. They are going to measure your height, weight, there is a blood test which is not painful at all, and they are going to check your eyesight as well. The riskiest part can be the urine test, which is a drug test basically. Certain medications (actually agents) are prohibited in the UAE and referred as drugs. If they find it in your urine, then your journey has come to an end before it actually started.
But don't worry, you are going to get the list of all this prohibited ingredients, so just make sure you don't take any of it few weeks before your joining. These medical examinations are essentials for your resident visa.
During the induction week you will learn more about the culture and the customs which is very interesting. You will get the access to the crew portal which is a kind of "bible" of the company and also you are going to get your national and staff ID done.
The first 2,5 weeks of the actual training is the SEP (Safety and Emergency Procedures) which is the toughest but also the most interesting and fun part of the training. You will have lots of practical assessment in life-like, state of art simulators. Turbulence, decompression, fire, emergency landing, ditching, just to mention few cases.
We celebrated the end of SEP training with a "pizza lunch" which is a tradition here.
The next part is the GMT (Group Medical Training) which takes only a week. it's not as much fun as SEP, but it gives you very useful and essential knowledge. Not as hard as the first 2,5 weeks either but you need to take it seriously. There is a lot could happen on board and you need to know what to do. The most difficult part for me was the CPR because it is very demanding for the body, I got very exhausted after 30 seconds.
There is a special name, which is the Nujoum day. It means "star" in Arabic and it is a very different day than the others, kind of mysterious. The aim is that you have to prove and show that "you are a star of Emirates", but I cannot tell you more – the rest is a surprise!
Are you hoping to become Cabin Crew? Check out my selection of prospective Cabin Crew resources including my FREE interview guide!
The image and uniform day is when you wear the uniform for the first time. You will get lots of ideas and tips on how to conduct good hair and nail care, how to keep yourself healthy and happy.
You are all ambassadors of Emirates, this is what you have to represent when wearing the beautiful and unique uniform.
The safety and security training takes only two days. I found it very interesting and fun – just like SEP. We learnt how to conduct safety and security searches before passengers board the aircraft, how to deal with hijackers, bomb threats and unruly customers who endanger the safety of the crew, the other passengers or the aircraft itself. We even had a practical session where we learnt how to restrain others. We had to do it in our brand new uniform, which made it much funnier!
The last two weeks was the service training. We had daily written feedback, and we also had 3-4 computer based assessments and many practical ones. We had 4-5 of these in a simulator and we served real, heated airplane food for each other. We also had to take care of the "special customers" on board.
Who are the special ones? Mothers with infants, visually impaired people, deportees, high valued customers, etc. They taught us how to approach and treat these kind of people, how to solve different kind of problems and how to talk generally with others in the polite, "Emirates" way.
After we completed all parts of the training we got our wings during a ceremony. The company even organised an "after party" for us and we all had 2-3 days off before our very first flights.
This two months of training was a very good period for me, the time when you meet most of your friends. Most Cabin Crew will say the same and I'm sure you will too!
Are you looking for a job as Cabin Crew? Don't let the chance slip through your fingers… make sure you have the right resources to maximise your chances of getting the job- check out my new Online Diploma Becoming Cabin Crew now!
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DANANG – In celebration of the Lunar New Year holiday (Tet), the Furama Resort Danang hosted the annual event "Tet Village Market" in the garden of its International Convention Palace from January 29 to 31.
The event took guests on a journey where the old Tet came to life with a typical view of rural area featuring bamboo poles, thatched cottages, sedge mats, copper trays and lanterns.
Guests were also treated to traditional Tet dishes prepared by Furama's chefs, including banh chung, banh tet (square and cylindrical sticky rice cakes stuffed with pork and mung beans), jams and tea, as well as a variety of specialties from across the country such as Hanoi's bun thang, Hue beef noodle, Quang noodle and HCMC's spring rolls.
There were many other fun activities like magic performances, calligraphy, lion dance, folk games and music performances. Guests also had a chance to learn how to make banh chung and banh tet, and buy to he (toy figurine), silk lanterns, bamboo flutes and Hoi An souvenirs.


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Zadkine Museum
Home and Studio of the Artist
Zadkine Museum Hours and Admissions
Arrondissement: 6eme
Metro: Vavin; Notre Dame des Champs
RER B: Port Royal, 100 bis rue d'Assas
Go Here For Hotels In This Area
Ossip Zadkine, a Russian-born artist who emigrated to Paris in 1908, lived and worked here from 1928 until his death in 1967. His wife, Valentine Prax, who was herself a painter, continued to live here until she died in 1981. At that time, the house and the works were donated to the City of Paris.
The Zadkine Museum, the Musee Zadkine, opened a year later in 1982. Exhibited here are most of Zadkine's works of Cubism and Abstraction.
Ossid Zadkine was one of the major figures in the Ecole de Paris, the School of Paris, which is a general name for artists who migrated to Paris in the early 20th century.
The works in this museum depict his different periods and the different phases of material that he employed, showing the constant evolution of his art, from his first stone and his wood sculptures to his bronzes. His influence from primitive art are recognizable during his early years.
Zadkine actually went through periods of working with several different materials including marble, stone, terra cotta and bronze. His wood works included such materials as elm, walnut, cedar, acacia, pear and ebony. He was especially interested in carving in wood. One of his works "Promethée" is carved into a nine-foot tall tree trunk.
Probably his most famous Cubist work is the, "Femme a l'Eventail" (Woman and Fan) in bronze, created in 1923. Or, "La Belle Servante" (The Beautiful Servant), in stone, 1926.
Many of his larger works are displayed in the quiet and lovely garden of the house. There are also smaller works amongst the flowers and shrubs of the garden.
In 1995, the artist's workshop was opened, used for contemporary art exhibits three to four times per year. It is now undergoing renovations (July, 2008).
There are over 400 works of art in the collection including sculptures, paintings and drawings. Only a select few are on display at any one time. A few of his works are in the permanent exhibit of the Museum of Modern Art of the City of Paris. The larger outdoor sculptures in the Garden are on permanent display.
The house is located at the end of a very small and narrow street leading directly to the house where the street ends. It is a very quiet, tucked away residence. The property is enclosed by the garden walls which only the trees and ivy look over.
In a letter to a friend, Ossip Zadkine wrote, "Come see my 'folie' (madness) on rue d'Assas and you will understand how a man may be changed because of a pigeon coop or because of a tree."
The same invitation exists today, sans pigeon coop.
The collection includes one of the first known works of Zadkine, "Tete Héroïque" (Heroic Head), in granite.
The Zadkine Museum is open Tuesday-Sunday from 10:00 a.m.- 6:00 p.m.
It is closed on Monday and holidays.
Admission is free to the permanent exhibit.
Here is a page for other Free Museums in Paris.
A small book store is located at the entrance to the Zadkine Museum.
Of further interest, visit the Antoine Bourdelle Museum.
Return to Top of Zadkine Museum
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Is this how it's supposed to feel?
the pressure and confusion of new york. no one is 'fine, thank you'. only 'hanging in there'. we huddle in our corners as the years trickle by. is this how it's supposed to feel? if you're doing the right thing, in the right place, shouldn't it feel... right?


Give your bathroom a new season style update with our gorgeous selection of bath towels and accessories. Mix and match towels in different colours, textures and patterns for a chic and coordinated look. Refresh your shower curtains and hampers, and finish your décor with candles, diffusers and vases. Revamp your bathroom in no time at all with our stunning bathroom collection.


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Genetics of male infertility: status and prospects
Eberhard Nieschlag1,3,
Frank Tüttelmann2 &
Mohammed A Beg3
The incidence of infertility is about 15% in couples of childbearing age. In half of these couples a fertility problem exists on the male side. However, causes of male infertility are still to a large extent unknown. Today, in about 20% of patients with azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia genetic causes have been identified and further progress is expected from genetic investigations.
The Klinefelter syndrome represents the most frequent form of human aneuploidies and male infertility. The high incidence of 1:500 in the general male population increases to 1:50 in infertility centres. Ninety percent of the affected men show azoospermia. In recent years it became possible to obtain viable sperm by testicular biopsy, followed by TESE/ICSI, resulting in pregnancies. Since these sperm may derive from isolated spermatogonia with a regular karyotype, most of the children have normal karyotypes.
AZF a, b, and c deletions of the Y chromosome are found in men with severe infertility. The incidence among patients with very low sperm counts or azoospermia varies between 2.5 and 10 %. From patients with AZFc deletions sperm may be retrieved from testicular biopsies and induction of pregnancy with these sperm is possible by applying TESE/ICSI. Patients with AZF a and b deletions mostly have complete Sertoli-cell-only-syndrome (SCOS) and have no chances for paternity. Male children of men with microdeletions in the AZF region have the same deletions as their fathers and are likely to be infertile themselves.
Mutations of the CFTR gene affect functioning of the chloride ion channels in the epithelial cell membranes leading to cystic fibrosis and congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD). CBAVD may occur as a minimal form of cystic fibrosis (CF). Before TESE/ICSI is applied, the status of the female partner needs to be determined in order to avoid offspring suffering from CF.
A number of genes mutated in isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) and Kallmann syndrome have been identified Oligozoospermic men with combined single nucleotide polymorphism of FSHR 2039A>G and FSHB-211G>T may benefit from FSH therapy.
Although men may remain fertile lifelong, a slow decline of reproductive capacities occurs beyond the age of 45 and specific gene mutations e.g. of the FGFR2 and FGRF3 genes causing Apert syndrome and achondroplasia may increase, affecting offspring.
Investigations into epigenetics such as methylation abnormalities, transcriptome analysis as well as single and combined single-nucleotide polymorphism genotypes and whole genome analysis in individual sperm may lead to the identification of further genetic associations with infertility.
Center of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University of Münster, 48129, Münster, Germany
Eberhard Nieschlag
Institute of Human Genetics, University of Münster, 48129, Münster, Germany
Frank Tüttelmann
Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
& Mohammed A Beg
Search for Eberhard Nieschlag in:
Search for Frank Tüttelmann in:
Search for Mohammed A Beg in:
Correspondence to Eberhard Nieschlag.
Nieschlag, E., Tüttelmann, F. & Beg, M.A. Genetics of male infertility: status and prospects. BMC Genomics 15, O25 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-15-S2-O25
Klinefelter Syndrome


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"»The Satanist« is magic. It's dangerous. It's adventurous, and it's organic," states Nergal, the driving force behind BEHEMOTH since their inception in 1991, and brief exposure to the band's tenth album more than supports this statement. While instantly recognizable as the work of the Polish blackened death quartet it takes their sound in previously unimagined and riveting directions. A writhing, densely layered, brutally violent and sinister record, it is quite unlike anything ever unleashed within the canon of heavy music. As such it demands attention, offering ever greater sonic and emotional depths with every listen. "You may hear the title and think it's very primitive and one-dimensional, and yes it is, but when you look beyond that it's as primitive as it is complex and multidimensional, and that applies to everything about the record."
It has been a rocky road leading to the realization of the album. Having dropped 2009's »Evangelion« to almost universal critical acclaim they saw it top the chart in their native country and dramatically expand their following around the world, and playing some of the best shows of their lives the band seemed truly unstoppable. But, in August 2010 Nergal was diagnosed with leukemia, stopping them in their tracks. Forced to abandon their ongoing tour in support of »Evangelion« Nergal was hospitalized, and both he and BEHEMOTH faced an uncertain future. With the search for a bone marrow donor ultimately successful Nergal underwent a transplant, leaving the hospital after six months and beginning down the long road to rehabilitation. "I knew I was pretty much fucked and there was a battle to be won, and I had no fucking idea if it was going to take six months or twelve months or maybe four years, because with cancer you never know. I learned from being in the hospital that there are things in life that you can control and things that you can't control. The sooner you realize which is which it's going to make your life so much easier, and since then I started to «focus on the right things. I could be determined, I could have discipline, I could have faith, but everything else is not under my control, and it really was a case of just crossing fingers for the best possible outcome. I was fortunate enough that that recovery period was relatively fast, and that I was really strong and very determined to get back into shape made a real difference."
Rather than immediately getting down to working on a new album, the band - also comprised of drummer Inferno, bassist Orion, and guitarist Seth - set out to complete the abandoned touring cycle for »Evangelion«, hitting the road for the aptly titled "Phoenix Rising" Tour. Wanting to prove they were stronger than ever the first show was the only time doubts crept into Nergal's mind. "I was a fucking wreck, and I almost didn't make it to the end of the set. The venue was really smoky, and that was stuffing my nose and my lungs, and physically I felt that I couldn't pull it off. I did, but I was close to passing out on stage. I was literally shocked by this, I remember thinking while we were playing shit, what if I can't do this anymore? I'm just a human being after all. Going into the next show I had no sleep because of all the nerves and anxiety, but it was fucking amazing. With every following show I would get stronger and stronger and grow more confident, and aware of the fact that yes, we will do this."
Having returned to full force the band were ready to once more move forward, and they began work on what would become »The Satanist«. While many bands might be concerned with how to follow up a record as devastatingly powerful - and successful - as »Evangelion« Nergal faced no such doubts. "I don't race myself, and I don't need to prove anything to anyone. »Evangelion« was a very important record to us, and yes, it was very successful too, but in making »The Satanist« it wasn't a point of beating that. The point was to do what was organic, and make a natural and honest and sincere album, and that's it. Now the record is finished I like to think of it as an album that is just so different that you can't really compare it to our previous works, which is the best outcome I could hope for." One thing is inarguable, and that is the record is the most sonically rich and complex released under the BEHEMOTH name. With layer upon layer of sound it has great sonic density, but there is intricacy to this, and nothing is forced or contrived. "I don't have a kid but I think the process of raising one is comparable: you invest a lot of your energy and effort and wisdom and money and you educate them, but there's never a one hundred percent guarantee he's going to become a lawyer and not a serial killer. It's the same story with the records - we supply the elements but we just don't know how these elements mixed together are going to come out, and I think it's fortunate that we don't have one hundred percent control over it! It makes for something special."
The title of the record itself is undeniable in its power, and Nergal sees it as capturing the primal wisdom that the band have always tried to maintain. "To me it's not pretentious at all. It's very straight up, very sincere, and a devastating, conquering statement. There's no compromise or bullshit or gimmicks. What I love about it is that it just speaks for itself. On one hand it's a very black and white title: »The Satanist« is like a fucking nail through the hand of Jesus Christ, period. No more, no less. But then again, as with everything else you put a hundred people together and ask them what the name »The Satanist« means to them and you're going to hear a hundred different opinions, which they can then discuss and fight over." Likewise, Nergal views the lyrical content of the record as similarly open to interpretation, encouraging this. "There's a lot of symbolism and reflections and impressions in there, and it's using millions of metaphors to express a certain very sinister and very captivating atmosphere, but there are no answers. People always like to have a deeper insight into what we do, but that's not what we want to give with this record. The way I see it is that between us we can make a huge fucking pyre and set the world on fire, but what we're doing is just giving you the matches, giving you the spark, what you want to do with it is up to you. Personally, if I sat down with the lyrics in front of me I too would probably come up with a lot of different interpretations and concepts, it's a never ending process, and that's exciting to me."
Twenty-three years and ten albums into their career, that BEHEMOTH is still in the ascendant is a statement to their commitment, determination and capacity for writing such powerful music. If ever a band was to go out on a high »The Satanist« would make for one hell of a swan song, but don't expect them to disappear any time soon. "I remember before we had a record deal I was having a conversation with Baal, the band's original drummer, and we said okay, if one day we manage to record an album and put it out how cool would it be to split up right after that? It would be one record and no more, and there was something about that that had an appeal, but y'know what, it doesn't work like that for individuals like myself. Hunger has always driven me through life, and I can never sit in one place and relax for too long because I have the need to explore this whole universe in every possible way. Now, over two decades later it's the same story. I can tell you I have no problems with finishing my career after this record. Just say the title itself: »The Satanist«. How the fuck am I gonna beat that title? It sounds like the ultimate definition of our art - but then again, I remember that conversation with Baal, and I know it doesn't work like that, so I know there will probably be other incarnations of our artistic identity, one way or another. All I know is I love being here and now, and I just want to underline that I couldn't be more proud and happy with my own music. It really drives me through the day, and now I just want to sit back and hear any and all opinions of it."
Liste des titres Durée
1 - Blow your trumpets Gabriel
2 - Furor Divinus
3 - Messe noire
4 - Ora pro nobis Lucifer
5 - Amen
6 - The Satanist
1 - Ben Sahar
2 - In the absence ov light
3 - O Father O Satan O Sun!
4 - Ludzie Wschodu
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Under a funeral moon
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