Denis O'Sullivan is still waiting for his first win since 2005 after a closing 75 smashed his chances of lifting the OKI Castellόn Senior Tour Championship.
The 61-year old Cork veteran was just two shots off the pace starting the day but finished tied for ninth with Des Smyth on five under - eight shots behind Australia's Mike Harwood.
Harwood carded a final round 66 in windy conditions at Club de Campo del Mediterráneo to finish three strokes clear of overnight leader Angel Franco as Sam Torrance edged out Ian Woosnam by €3,380 to win the Order of Merit for a third time.
Winner of the 1990 Volvo Masters, Harwood became the first player to win the season-ending title on both the European and European Senior Tour.
Torrance ended the year on €170,696 following his victory in the DGM Barbados Open and four other top five finishes, including fifth in The Senior Open Championship presented by MasterCard at his home course Sunningdale.
It was Torrance's third Order of Merit victory following 2005 and 2006, meaning he equals Carl Mason's total and is now just two behind Tommy Horton's benchmark of five.
Des Smyth was the top Irishman in the Order of Merit as he finished 15th with €93,453. Eamonn Darcy was 23rd (€71,112), Jimmy Heggarty 27th (€63,476), O'Sullivan 34th (€53,913), Eddie Polland 83rd (€4,854) and Peter O'Hagan 95th (€1,743).
Sam Torrance re-wrote the record books with a stunning second round 63 to place one hand on his 11th European Senior Tour title at the DGM Barbados Open.
Cork's Denis O'Sullivan found his putting touch to trail Paraguay's Angel Franco by two strokes heading into the final round of the OKI Castellόn Senior Tour Championship.


text:
What: All Issues : Making Government Work for Everyone, Not Just the Rich or Powerful : Equal Access to the Airwaves/Broadcast Media : HR 2847. (Fiscal 2010 Commerce-Justice-Science spending) McCain of Arizona amendment that would delete $20 million for public telecommunications facilities grants/On agreeing to the amendment (2009 senate Roll Call 317)
To find out how your Members of Congress voted on this bill, use the form on the right.
HR 2847. (Fiscal 2010 Commerce-Justice-Science spending) McCain of Arizona amendment that would delete $20 million for public telecommunications facilities grants/On agreeing to the amendment
senate Roll Call 317 Oct 08, 2009
Progressive Position:
Progressive Result:
Qualifies as polarizing?
Is this vote crucial?
This vote was on an amendment by John McCain, R-Ariz., that would have deleted $20 million in grants to plan and build public television broadcasting facilities to broadcast public TV programming. The amendment was offered to the bill that funds the departments of Commerce and Justice, as well as science programs such as NASA.
McCain said his amendment would eliminate a program that President Obama himself has asked to be terminated.
"This will be the sixth amendment I have offered to support the President's request for reduction or termination of unneeded or unwanted programs. I am confident this will be the sixth time that the appropriators on both sides of the aisle will vote down the President's request—not my request, not my assumption, but that of the President of the United States and the Office of Management and Budget," McCain said. He added that Obama has requested the program be terminated because the bill increases funding for the same sort of grants in another area of the budget.
Barbara Mikulski, D-Md., agreed that Obama has proposed to eliminate the program, but that Congress is "a separate and coequal branch of government" that can make its own spending decisions.
"In this case, the [Appropriations Committee] respectfully disagrees with the President's budget. We know our President inherited a terrible mess. We know the previous administration ran up debts and deficits and now, as we try to clean it out, our President is looking for modest cuts to the budget. But here, with public telecommunications facilities, this is exactly what we need during these troubled economic times to provide access to quality TV to ordinary people who might not be able to afford cable TV, satellite TV," Mikulski said.
By a vote of 33-64, the amendment was rejected. Of Republicans present, 32 voted for the amendment and seven voted against it. All but one Democrat voted against the amendment. The end result is that the measure went forward with funding intact for the planning and construction of public telecommunications facilities.
MAKING GOVERNMENT WORK FOR EVERYONE, NOT JUST THE RICH OR POWERFUL — Equal Access to the Airwaves/Broadcast Media
Baldwin, Tammy (D-WI) Barrasso, John (R-WY) Bennet, Michael (D-CO) Blackburn, Marsha (R-TN) Blumenthal, Richard (D-CT) Blunt, Roy (R-MO) Booker, Cory (D-NJ) Boozman, John (R-AR) Braun, Michael (R-IN) Brown, Sherrod (D-OH) Burr, Richard (R-NC) Cantwell, Maria (D-WA) Capito, Shelley (R-WV) Cardin, Ben (D-MD) Carper, Tom (D-DE) Casey, Bob (D-PA) Cassidy, Bill (R-LA) Collins, Susan (R-ME) Coons, Chris (D-DE) Cornyn, John (R-TX) Cortez Masto, Catherine (D-NV) Cotton, Tom (R-AR) Cramer, Kevin (R-ND) Crapo, Mike (R-ID) Cruz, Ted (R-TX) Daines, Steve (R-MT) Duckworth, Tammy (D-IL) Durbin, Dick (D-IL) Ernst, Joni (R-IA) Feinstein, Dianne (D-CA) Fischer, Deb (R-NE) Gillibrand, Kirsten (D-NY) Graham, Lindsey (R-SC) Grassley, Chuck (R-IA) Hagerty, Bill (R-TN) Hassan, Maggie (D-NH) Hawley, Josh (R-MO) Heinrich, Martin (D-NM) Hickenlooper, John (D-CO) Hirono, Mazie (D-HI) Hoeven, John (R-ND) Hyde-Smith, Cindy (R-MS) Inhofe, Jim (R-OK) Johnson, Ron (R-WI) Kaine, Tim (D-VA) Kelly, Mark (D-AZ) Kennedy, John (R-LA) King, Angus (I-ME) Klobuchar, Amy (D-MN) Lankford, James (R-OK) Leahy, Pat (D-VT) Lee, Mike (R-UT) Lujan, Ben (D-NM) Lummis, Cynthia (R-WY) Manchin, Joe (D-WV) Markey, Ed (D-MA) Marshall, Roger (R-KS) McConnell, Mitch (R-KY) Menendez, Bob (D-NJ) Merkley, Jeff (D-OR) Moran, Jerry (R-KS) Murkowski, Lisa (R-AK) Murphy, Chris (D-CT) Murray, Patty (D-WA) Ossoff, Jon (D-GA) Padilla, Alex (D-CA) Paul, Rand (R-KY) Peters, Gary (D-MI) Portman, Rob (R-OH) Reed, Jack (D-RI) Risch, James (R-ID) Romney, Mitt (R-UT) Rosen, Jacky (D-NV) Rounds, Mike (R-SD) Rubio, Marco (R-FL) Sanders, Bernie (I-VT) Sasse, Ben (R-NE) Schatz, Brian (D-HI) Schumer, Chuck (D-NY) Scott, Rick (R-FL) Scott, Tim (R-SC) Shaheen, Jeanne (D-NH) Shelby, Richard (R-AL) Sinema, Kyrsten (D-AZ) Smith, Tina (D-MN) Stabenow, Debbie Ann (D-MI) Sullivan, Dan (R-AK) Tester, Jon (D-MT) Thune, John (R-SD) Tillis, Thom (R-NC) Toomey, Pat (R-PA) Tuberville, Tommy (R-AL) Van Hollen, Chris (D-MD) Warner, Mark (D-VA) Warnock, Raphael (D-GA) Warren, Elizabeth (D-MA) Whitehouse, Sheldon (D-RI) Wicker, Roger (R-MS) Wyden, Ron (D-OR) Young, Todd (R-IN)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: What could be a monotonic, continuous and smooth function with these conditions? I am looking for a smooth, continuous and monotonic function that satisfies these conditions:
$f(0) = 0$,
$f'(0) = 1$,
$f(m) = 1$,
$f'(m) = 1/m$, where $m > 1$ is a fixed real number.
Also, it would be great if the function has a control parameter that allows increasing or decreasing the interval with high derivatives ($f' \simeq 1$) with respect to with the interval with low derivatives ($f'\simeq 1/m$).
Thanks.

A: This function cannot exist.
By hypothesis, $f\in C^{\infty}(\mathbb{R})$. We are looking for a function with $f(0)=0$ and $f'(0)=1$.
If we ignore the constraints that $f(m)=1$ and $f'(m)=1/m$ with $m>1$, we can use the function $f(x)=x$, which is smooth, monotonic and satisfies the first two constraints.
Now, if $f(m)=1$, $\forall m$, (note that it doesn't matter which $m$ we fix), then this means the function must be constant. If the function is constant, then $f'(m)=0$ for any fixed $m$ we choose, so the fourth constraint that $f'(m)=1/m$ is actually impossible.
I am not sure if this was quite what OP had in mind. Note that we didn't even need smoothness of $f$, as we have shown the stronger result that no $C^1(\mathbb{R})$ function can satisfy these constraints.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Mike Piazza to be inducted into Mets Hall of Fame on Fan Appreciation Day
The New York Mets today announced that Mike Piazza, the greatest home run-hitting catcher of all-time, will be inducted into the Mets Hall of Fame on Fan Appreciation Day Sunday, September 29 at Citi Field. Piazza will become the 27th member of the Mets Hall of Fame during the Mets Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony prior to the 1:10 p.m. game vs. the Milwaukee Brewers.
Piazza hit 220 of his 427 career home runs with the Mets, ranking second in franchise history. He ranks first in team history with a .542 slugging percentage and is third in RBI (655). Piazza was a seven-time All-Star with Mets.
"Mike Piazza reinvigorated our franchise when we acquired him in May, 1998," said Mets COO Jeff Wilpon, who serves as Ex-Officio for the Selection Committee. "Mike is one of the greatest players in our history and we are thrilled to induct him into the Mets Hall of Fame."
Piazza set a team-record with 124 RBI and hit 40 home runs in 1999 and then finished with 38 home runs and drove in 113 runs in 2000 as the Mets qualified for the playoffs in back-to-back years for the first time in team history and reached the 2000 World Series.
Piazza hit his 352nd home run as a catcher on May 5, 2004 to break Carlton Fisk's major league mark. His dramatic eighth-inning home run in the first sporting event in New York City after the 9-11 attacks beat the Atlanta Braves and helped the city begin the healing process.
The 26 Hall of Fame members in order of the year they were inducted are: Joan Payson (1981); Casey Stengel (1981); Gil Hodges (1982); George M. Weiss (1982); Johnny Murphy (1983); William A. Shea (1983); Ralph Kiner (1984); Bob Murphy (1984); Lindsey Nelson (1984); Bud Harrelson (1986); Rusty Staub (1986); Tom Seaver (1988); Jerry Koosman (1989); Ed Kranepool (1990); Cleon Jones (1991); Jerry Grote (1992); Tug McGraw (1993); Mookie Wilson (1996); Keith Hernandez (1997); Gary Carter (2001); Tommie Agee (2002); Frank Cashen (2010); Dwight Gooden (2010); Davey Johnson (2010), Darryl Strawberry (2010) and John Franco (2012).
The five-member Mets Hall of Fame committee is comprised of a combination of Mets front office staff and media members with long-standing connections to the club. The members are: Jay Horwitz, Vice President, Media Relations who is in his 34th season with the team; former Mets pitcher and original Met Al Jackson, a pitching consultant who is in his sixth decade with the Mets; Marty Noble, the Mets.com writer who has covered the team for over five decades; Gary Cohen, a New York native and voice of the Mets on SNY, who is in his 25th season of broadcasting Mets baseball; and Howie Rose, a Queens native and radio voice of the Mets on WFAN who has covered the team since 1987.
Read more: New York Mets


Post by The Frugal Homemaker.
…many of you are still experiencing summer temperatures or holding on to those last few days of summer. BUT, for those of you that the weather has already turned cooler, or who are longing for the weather to turn cooler, or just already planning your fall décor and projects, I thought I would roundup all my fall decorating and projects in one post for you. Easy to reference and might help you get in the mood to switch gears to fall.
Of course you can't have a decorated porch without a wreath on the door and I have shared plenty of wreaths over the last 2 years. Some that are specifically fall themed and some that could be adapted for fall.
Another one of my favorite, basically free wreath ideas for fall is a magnolia wreath. If you have access to a magnolia tree or can stop by a park and pick up some leaves, you can do a lot with magnolia leaves for fall!
No access to magnolia leaves? Then just use some basic fall leaves! This fall leaf wreath is another free, easy idea that even kids could do.
The fall wreath I made for my front door last year was BIG and a little crazy… But I loved the fall colors and leaves. I took all the picks off the wreath last year and plan to rework them into a new wreath this year.
I made a couple wreaths during my 31 days of Pinterest series last October that are perfect for fall.
A rolled book page style burlap wreath.
And a cinnamon stick wreath.
This yarn wreath could be made in pretty much any colors and then embellished however you want.
Save those end of summer hydrangea clippings and make a hydrangea wreath!
And this jute wrapped monogram was an easy project that could be used to embellish a wreath or be décor pretty much anywhere.
Now for some mantel decorating ideas!
This was my mantel in fall 2011. I still love all the white with the bright pops of oranges and reds!
Closer to Thanksgiving, I made and added the burlap "Give Thanks" banner.
Then this was my fall mantel last year. More eclectic with some added natural elements. Not sure which direction I am going to go this year!
One of my favorite DIY fall décor pieces is this pumpkin topiary! I made it 4-5 years ago, way before I was blogging but I gave some simple tips to create your own in this post.
Last year I shared my fall table all decorated for fall/Thanksgiving. I ADORE these plates and pieces from the fall BHG line! I was so excited to unpack them again this year.
Another simple way to add some fall touches is to print some of the fun fall subway art or free printables you can find online. I have a ton of them pinned on my fall Pinterest board or on my free printables Pinterest board. Plus I linked to more in this post.
Last year I shared 20 things I love about fall. Fun reading back through that list and looking forward to those things coming soon!
And I shared 20+ kids Thanksgiving table ideas – never too early to start planning!
So there is the last 2+ years of fall themed décor that I have shared and plenty of new things and new décor are coming soon!
I am looking for some inspiration too – share a link or idea of your favorite fall décor idea in the comments.
I love all of the fall decorating ideas – thanks for sharing! I especially love your fall wreath and the pumpkin topiary….can't wait to try them!
Great round-up Christina! Love all these projects.
Oh Christine, you have inspired me to get moving on my own autumnal décor. I finally got in the mood when I woke up this past Friday morning and felt – Fall-ish! Up until then, I'd been clinging to summer and I still, really, do not want it to end. In SE WI, it is often a short season. This year hasn't been the best. But I still hear cicadas outside – yep, heard them today while I was busy cutting the grass. On September 22? Amazing! Got all my autumnal stuff, just have to gear up and get my mantle/mantel done. I really love your real-leaf autumn wreath, will definitely be taking a closer look at that. How can one person (you) possibly do so many projects in a mere two years? You are a dynamo for sure. BTW, the pumpkin topiary is awesome, I'm definitely going to take a closer look at that! Happy Autumn, Christine.
Ohh I'm adoring the "give thanks" banner! I think that needs to be added to my must-do fall projects list! Too cute.


text:
Ruth Ware (née le 26 septembre 1977), nom de plume de Ruth Warburton, est une écrivaine britannique de romans policiers.

Elle est l'autrice de, notamment, In a Dark, Dark Wood (2015), The Woman in Cabin 10 (2016), The Lying Game (2017), The Death of Mrs Westaway (2018), The Turn of the Key (2019) et One By One (2020). In a Dark, Dark Wood et The Woman in Cabin 10 ont rejoint la liste des 10 bestsellers du Sunday Times et du The New York Times.

Biographie
Ruth Warburton naît en 1977 et grandit à Lewes. Elle étudie l'anglais à l'université de Manchester, où elle développe un intérêt pour le vieil et le moyen anglais.

Avant sa carrière littéraire, Ruth Ware travaille comme serveuse, libraire et attachée de presse. Elle vit un temps à Paris, où elle enseigne l'anglais comme langue seconde.

Ruth Warburton commence sa carrière littéraire dans le domaine de la . Elle publie cinq romans de ce genre chez Hodder's Children Books :
 A Witch Alone (2013) 978-1444904710
 A Witch in Winter (2013) 978-1444904697
 A Witch in Love (2013) 978-1444904703
 Witch Finder (2014) 978-1444914467
 Witch Hunt (2014) 978-1444914481

Par la suite, Ruth Warburton se spécialise dans le domaine du polar et change son nom en Ruth Ware afin d'effectuer la coupure avec son ancien genre. Son style est comparé à celui d'Agatha Christie. Ruth Ware affirme avoir été inconsciemment influencée par Agatha Christie ainsi que d'autres auteurs du même genre de la même époque.

Elle vit près de Brighton.

Œuvre
Les protagonistes de Ruth Ware sont souvent des femmes ordinaires qui se retrouvent mêlées à des situations dangereuses entourant un crime, approche utilisée également par Agatha Christie dans des œuvres telles Le Crime de l'Orient-Express. Les deux autrices établissent également des situations et circonstances qui favorisent un sentiment d'effroi, menant leurs personnages à la paranoïa qui mène régulièrement en réactions violentes.

Publications
 Promenez-vous dans les bois... , Pocket, 2017, 416 p. (ISBN 9782266275286)
 The Lying Game, Gallery/Scout press, 2017, 384 p. (ISBN 9781501156007)
 La Disparue de la cabine n°10, Fleuve éditions, 2018, 432 p. (ISBN 9782265116504), existe en édition audio
 La Mort de Mrs Westaway, Fleuve éditions, 2019, 432 p. (ISBN 9782265118485)
 The It Girl, Simon & Schuster Canada, 2022, 432 p. (ISBN 9781982163266)
 Les Cinq Règles du mensonge ,traduction de Héloise Esquié, Pocket , 2022, 557 p. (ISBN 9782266324793)
 La Clé du sang, Fleuve éditions, 2022 (ISBN 9782265154933)
 ''Le Chalet des disparus"", traduction de Héloise Esquié, Fleuve éditions, 2023, (ISBN 9782265155589)

Notes et références

Liens externes

Femme de lettres britannique
Naissance en septembre 1977
Romancière britannique
Étudiant de l'université de Manchester
Naissance dans le Sussex de l'Est

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Commissariat de nuit () est un film franco-italien réalisé par Guido Leoni et sorti en 1974.

Synopsis
Le film raconte la première nuit passée par le commissaire Emiliano Borghini dans son commissariat.

Fiche technique
 Titre original :
 Titre français : Commissariat de nuit
 Réalisation : Guido Leoni
 Scénario : Giacomo Furia, Guido Leoni
 Photographie : Claudio Racca
 Costumes : Luciano Vincenti
 Genre : comédie
 Durée : 95 minutes
 Dates de sortie :
  ()
  ()

Distribution
 Rosanna Schiaffino : Sonia
 Gastone Moschin : commissaire Emiliano Borghini
 George Ardisson : Amedeo Furlan
 Antonio Casagrande : Gennarino
 Emma Danieli : Lucia Bencivenga
 Giacomo Furia : brigadier Santini
 Gisela Hahn : la fille allemande
 Leopoldo Trieste : Brigadiere Spanò
 Liana Trouche : Luisa - femme de Borghini
 Mario Valdemarin : Ferrari
 Maurice Ronet : Vittorio Cazzaniga
 Luciano Salce : député Luigi Colacioppi
 Carlo Giuffré : Antonio Carnevale aka Teodoro
 Annie Cordy : Pupa
 Jean Lefebvre : Dindino
 Roger Coggio : Cristoforo

Notes et références

Bibliographie
  Roberto Chiti, Roberto Poppi, Enrico Lancia, Dizionario del cinema italiano: I film. Gremese, 1991.

Liens externes

Film italien sorti en 1974
Film français sorti en 1974
Comédie italienne
Comédie française


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Carbon monoxide gas leaks, electrical fires, flooded basements, and frozen pipes are all possibilities in a Lone Rock residence. Not even the most diligent homeowner can watch their home 24/7, which is why we hire a professional in-house monitoring team to do the job. We provide around-the-clock monitoring and industry-leading response times to ensure that you have the help you need when you need it.
Lone Rock, Wisconsin, is known for its cold winters, and if you're like most homeowners, you're always looking for easy ways to minimize your heating bills during the year's coldest months. With temperatures dropping as low as -32 degrees, keeping your home at a comfortable temperature drives your energy bills up. One idea to combat this is to turn your heat down while your home is unoccupied, but that results in a freezing home when you return. We have a better idea; the Vivint Element and Nest Learning Thermostats. These smart thermostats use geo-locating technology and Sky, a feature of Vivint Smart Home Cloud, to learn the rhythm of your household. After a short learning period, your smart thermostat will proactively adjust to a more cost-effective setting when you're at work or out of town. As you drive closer to home, your thermostat brings your home back to your preferred setting. You don't have to sacrifice your comfort or change a single habit. Wondering what else Vivint Smart Home provides?
Call now to learn more about the Vivint Smart Home system in Lone Rock, Wisconsin.


text:
Such transactions are not deemed void simply because the exercise of such powers is in breach of the restrictions placed in the company's constitution (s 125(1)). Entering into a contract must involve the elements of free will and proper understanding of what each of the parties is doing. It has been found that in cases where directors with express authority have acquiesced and allowed a director with no authority to frequently enter contractual relations on behalf of the company, that such directors have implied authority and therefore can contractually bind the company. (It has to be stressed that in ordinary circumstances no presumption of undue influence arises out of a banker–customer relationship.) that uses technology to deliver a faster, better quality and more cost-effective client experience. Rescission would result in B having any money that they paid for the business returned as if the contract of sale never occurred. A person can withdraw the offer that has been proposed before that offer is accepted. (For more information, see Imprisonment, supervision and prisoner rights.). The first element of a contract is agreement between parties. Below, we set out four questions dispute lawyers ask when determining whether a party has breached the contract. Put simply, a contract is an agreement between two or more competent parties that is legally binding. By an express term of contract: In some contracts, there are provisions explicitly conveying,that if certain things don't happen, it would be considered as a breach of contract. Also, the consideration must not be illegal or impossible to perform. Contracts are only enforceable when they are made with the intention that they legal, and that the parties intend to legally bind themselves to their agreement. For example, A induces B to enter into a contract of sale to purchase a business by presenting overinflated profit and loss statements that show the business to be much more profitable than it actually is. Rescission of a contract also means that both parties are restored to the positions they were in before they entered into the contract (this may require the court to order some monetary adjustments). The elements involved in a valid contract are also pertinent as much as what constitutes a contract. The complaining party must prove four elements to show that a contract existed: 1. The provider cannot charge a "change fee" if that was not provided for in the original contract … may have issues related to consent and legal capacity. Prisoners' rights and remedies for breaches. • the benefit received by the other person has not been sold to a third party who did not know the previous transaction might not be valid. If the misled party is nevertheless induced to enter the contract, either because it was a reasonable consequence of the misrepresentation (even though the representor did not intend or expect this) or because of its own idiosyncrasy, the misled party may be entitled to rescind the contract. A financial agreement is like any other contract and subject to the normal principles of Australian Contract law. Christopher C. Langdell, 1871. If, while waiting for a reply, B decides he no longer wants to buy the Holden panel van and tells A of his change of mind, then there is no binding contract. members-only discounts, for just $199 per month. Alternatively, a standard may involve some degree of care, skill or diligence. Whether contracts that are illegal by statute will be deemed void and unenforceable depends on the particular statute and the ordinary principles of statutory interpretation. Contracts. 2. The parties to the agreement must intend to enter into a legally binding agreement. The remedies that are available for misrepresentation are rescission and/or damages and/or termination. This could be contracts that are directly prohibited by law, such as cartel contracts. The term "young person" refers to anyone under the age of 18 years (s 3 Age of Majority Act 1977 (Vic)). The exact capacity of young people to bind themselves to, and be bound by, a contract is limited and unclear, because no Act of parliament completely covers this area of law. In contrast, a shop advertising a bicycle for $100 is not making an offer, as it is not directed at a particular person. An enforceable contract requires the following elements: 1. an agreement between the parties that is sufficiently certain and complete, 2. consideration (i.e. Intention – the parties must intend that their promises create legally enforceable obligations 2. Contracts absolutely prohibited by statute will be deemed to be void, whether the parties know of the illegality or not. If the misrepresentation constitutes a warranty (that is, it is a non-essential and subsidiary term of the contract), then the misled party is not entitled to terminate the contract, but they are entitled to damages for the loss suffered as a result of the breach of that warranty. Where legally formed contracts are performed illegally (i.e. A contract is a legal document between two parties. The fourth required element of a valid contract is legality. Agreement about the essential features of a contract . Take the survey now. Where only a part of a contract is contrary to public policy, then the contract is not entirely void, but only so far as it is contrary to public policy. A contract does not need to be in writing for a party to enforce its terms, and can be either: • in writing, This means that there must be acceptance of precisely what has been offered. Essential Elements of Contract Formation. Generally, delivery takes place when the seller has given the buyer the power to take the goods away.) If this form doesn't load, please check your Tracking Protection settings. Where a person did not understand, due to a mental impairment, the general nature of a contract they signed, a court can intervene to set aside the contract only if: • the other party knew (or ought to have known) of the person's mental impairment or lack of capacity and it would be unfair for them to take advantage of that; and. In simple terms, contracts in Australia are agreements between two or more parties based on the acceptance of an offer. Thank you, 2019 NewLaw Firm of the Year - Australian Law Awards, 2020 Fastest Growing Law Firm - Financial Times APAC 500, 2020 AFR Fast 100 List - Australian Financial Review, 2020 Law Firm of the Year Finalist - Australasian Law Awards, 2019 Most Innovative Firm - Australasian Lawyer. Proper consent may be affected by any of the following matters: • misrepresentation or misleading conduct; • undue influence or unconscionability; and. The effect of terminating a contract is that the contract is valid up to the date of termination, but is then at an end and the parties are discharged from any remaining obligations they have under the contract. Under the ACL, the court has the discretion to order a contract be terminated. An offer is a verbal or written promise to take some action or to refrain from acting in exchange for a set of agreed upon terms. This means that the contract is void from the beginning and is unenforceable. About LegalVision: LegalVision is a tech-driven, full-service commercial law firm For example, it could be that the relationship between a bank and its customer gives rise to the bank occupying a special position of trust in connection with the conduct of the customer's affairs. In simple terms, one party must make a clear offer, and the other party must accept it. We collect information over the phone, by email and through our website. A unilateral contract is a good example of this. • verbal, The book, which consisted of a collection of mostly English judicial opinions, was meant to assist the professor in developing within the student a scientific approach to the law. whether the transaction was made in trade or commerce), the type of misrepresentation, and the remedy a party is seeking. Where this is the case, the amount of damages is not the amount necessary to put the misled party into the position they would have been in had the misrepresentation been true. A representation or promise by one party. Take an employment contract as an example, especially where serious misconduct is ground for termination. There must have been a clear offer from one party ('offeror'). However, where one party performs a legal contract in an illegal manner, the other party (if they have no knowledge of the illegality) may still enforce the contract or recover damages for breaching it. For example, A offers to make and sell calendars featuring Australian paintings to B. If the misled party chooses to rescind the contract, then they cannot sue the other party for breaching the contract (because, for example, the misrepresentation constitutes a term of the contract). The other party ('offeree') must have accepted the offer. Firstly, there must be an agreement, where someone offers something, and the other person accepts that offer. See our full. In these situations, it is important to make it clear, either expressly or otherwise, that the parties intend to enter into a legally binding arrangement. The weaker party has to prove that undue influence has been exerted. The basic rule is that courts will not enforce an illegal bargain. A company has the capacity to enter into contractual relations, but such relations are only binding on the company if those acting on behalf of the company do so with the company's express or implied authority (s 126(1)). Dealing with contracts is part of running a small business. For example, if the proposal is an offer to purchase shirts, it must include quantity, price and a delivery date. This means that if A signs a document that A reasonably believes to be a character reference to assist B obtain a loan from a finance company, and the document is actually a guarantee of the loan contract, then the guarantee would not be binding on A. A contract does not exist just because there is an agreement between two or more people. If, for example, A gives B a quote to provide cleaning services and, after receiving this quote, B tells A to do the work, this constitutes acceptance of the offer and is a binding contract such that B is bound to pay A the quoted amount.
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text:
Omar Yaghi
Co-Director, Kavli Energy NanoScience Institute
Omar M. Yaghi is the James and Neeltje Tretter Chair Professor of Chemistry at University of California, Berkeley. He has pioneered several extensive classes of new materials and a new branch of chemistry, reticular chemistry. This chemistry has yielded materials with applications in hydrogen storage, carbon capture and harvesting water from desert air. Professor Yaghi called for "personalized water" in which he laid out a vision of having water off grid in the future, where people have a device at home running on ambient solar energy, delivering the water that satisfies the needs of a household. He believes at a time when fresh water resources are becoming increasingly scarce, it is important to establish water as a basic human right that must be guaranteed to every person on earth.
Professor Yaghi has published over 300 scientific articles and has received over 160,000 citations for which he is listed among the very top most cited chemists. He is a member of the US National Academy of Sciences, and has been honored with many awards for his scientific accomplishments, including King Faisal International Prize in Science (2015), Mustafa Prize in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (2015), TÜBA Academy Prize in Basic and Engineering Sciences (2016), the Medal of Excellence of the First Order bestowed by the King of Jordan His Majesty King Abdullah II (2017), Albert Einstein World Award of Science (2017), BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award in Basic Sciences (2017), Kuwait Prize in Basic Sciences (2017), Wolf Prize in Chemistry (2018), Prince Sultan bin Abdulaziz International Prize for Water (2018), ENI Award for Excellence in Energy (2018), the Mohammed bin Rashid Medal of Science of United Arab Emirates (2019), Gregori Aminoff Prize by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awarded by the King of Sweden His Majesty Carl XVI Gustaf (2019), August-Wilhelm-von-Hofmann-Denkmünze of the German Chemical Society (2020), and Royal Society of Chemistry Sustainable Water Award, United Kingdom (2020).


This is one of music's beautiful love songs. It portrays the power of love. I see it as between two people who love and care for each other. I believe it can also be taken that the one singing is the One who will never leave us nor forsake us. "I Will Be Here" is a promise that truly heals and makes life whole.


text:
package net.sourceforge.myvd.inserts.mapping;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;

import com.novell.ldap.LDAPAttribute;
import com.novell.ldap.LDAPConstraints;
import com.novell.ldap.LDAPException;
import com.novell.ldap.LDAPModification;
import com.novell.ldap.LDAPSearchConstraints;

import net.sourceforge.myvd.chain.AddInterceptorChain;
import net.sourceforge.myvd.chain.BindInterceptorChain;
import net.sourceforge.myvd.chain.CompareInterceptorChain;
import net.sourceforge.myvd.chain.DeleteInterceptorChain;
import net.sourceforge.myvd.chain.ExetendedOperationInterceptorChain;
import net.sourceforge.myvd.chain.ModifyInterceptorChain;
import net.sourceforge.myvd.chain.PostSearchCompleteInterceptorChain;
import net.sourceforge.myvd.chain.PostSearchEntryInterceptorChain;
import net.sourceforge.myvd.chain.RenameInterceptorChain;
import net.sourceforge.myvd.chain.SearchInterceptorChain;
import net.sourceforge.myvd.core.NameSpace;
import net.sourceforge.myvd.inserts.Insert;
import net.sourceforge.myvd.types.Attribute;
import net.sourceforge.myvd.types.Bool;
import net.sourceforge.myvd.types.DistinguishedName;
import net.sourceforge.myvd.types.Entry;
import net.sourceforge.myvd.types.ExtendedOperation;
import net.sourceforge.myvd.types.Filter;
import net.sourceforge.myvd.types.Int;
import net.sourceforge.myvd.types.Password;
import net.sourceforge.myvd.types.Results;

public class AttributeFilter implements Insert {

	String name;
	HashSet<String> allowed;

	String objectClass;

	@Override
	public String getName() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public void configure(String name, Properties props, NameSpace nameSpace)
			throws LDAPException {
		this.name = name;

		this.objectClass = props.getProperty("objectClass");

		this.allowed = new HashSet<String>();

		String allowedStr = props.getProperty("allowedAttributes");
		StringTokenizer toker = new StringTokenizer(allowedStr,",",false);
		while (toker.hasMoreTokens()) {
			this.allowed.add(toker.nextToken().toLowerCase());
		}

	}

	@Override
	public void add(AddInterceptorChain chain, Entry entry,
			LDAPConstraints constraints) throws LDAPException {
		chain.nextAdd(entry, constraints);

	}

	@Override
	public void bind(BindInterceptorChain chain, DistinguishedName dn,
			Password pwd, LDAPConstraints constraints) throws LDAPException {
		chain.nextBind(dn, pwd, constraints);

	}

	@Override
	public void compare(CompareInterceptorChain chain, DistinguishedName dn,
			Attribute attrib, LDAPConstraints constraints) throws LDAPException {
		chain.nextCompare(dn, attrib, constraints);

	}

	@Override
	public void delete(DeleteInterceptorChain chain, DistinguishedName dn,
			LDAPConstraints constraints) throws LDAPException {
		chain.nextDelete(dn, constraints);

	}

	@Override
	public void extendedOperation(ExetendedOperationInterceptorChain chain,
			ExtendedOperation op, LDAPConstraints constraints)
			throws LDAPException {
		chain.nextExtendedOperations(op, constraints);

	}

	@Override
	public void modify(ModifyInterceptorChain chain, DistinguishedName dn,
			ArrayList<LDAPModification> mods, LDAPConstraints constraints)
			throws LDAPException {
		chain.nextModify(dn, mods, constraints);

	}

	@Override
	public void search(SearchInterceptorChain chain, DistinguishedName base,
			Int scope, Filter filter, ArrayList<Attribute> attributes,
			Bool typesOnly, Results results, LDAPSearchConstraints constraints)
			throws LDAPException {
		boolean hasAttribute = attributes.size() == 0 || (attributes.size() == 1 && attributes.get(0).getAttribute().getName().equalsIgnoreCase("*"));
		if (! hasAttribute) {
			for (Attribute attr : attributes) {
				if (attr.getAttribute().getName().equalsIgnoreCase("objectclass")) {
					hasAttribute = true;
				}
			}
		}

		if (! hasAttribute) {
			Attribute attr = new Attribute("objectClass");
			ArrayList<Attribute> nattrs = new ArrayList<Attribute>();
			nattrs.add(attr);
			nattrs.addAll(attributes);
			attributes = nattrs;
		}

		chain.nextSearch(base, scope, filter, attributes, typesOnly, results, constraints);

	}

	@Override
	public void rename(RenameInterceptorChain chain, DistinguishedName dn,
			DistinguishedName newRdn, Bool deleteOldRdn,
			LDAPConstraints constraints) throws LDAPException {
		chain.nextRename(dn, newRdn, deleteOldRdn, constraints);

	}

	@Override
	public void rename(RenameInterceptorChain chain, DistinguishedName dn,
			DistinguishedName newRdn, DistinguishedName newParentDN,
			Bool deleteOldRdn, LDAPConstraints constraints)
			throws LDAPException {
		chain.nextRename(dn, newRdn, newParentDN, deleteOldRdn, constraints);

	}

	@Override
	public void postSearchEntry(PostSearchEntryInterceptorChain chain,
			Entry entry, DistinguishedName base, Int scope, Filter filter,
			ArrayList<Attribute> attributes, Bool typesOnly,
			LDAPSearchConstraints constraints) throws LDAPException {
		chain.nextPostSearchEntry(entry, base, scope, filter, attributes, typesOnly, constraints);

		LDAPAttribute attr = entry.getEntry().getAttribute("objectClass");
		if (attr != null) {
			String[] vals = attr.getStringValueArray();
			for (String oc : vals) {
				if (oc.equalsIgnoreCase(this.objectClass)) {
					ArrayList<LDAPAttribute> toRm = new ArrayList<LDAPAttribute>();

					for (Object obj : entry.getEntry().getAttributeSet()) {
						LDAPAttribute ldapAttr = (LDAPAttribute) obj;
						if (! this.allowed.contains(ldapAttr.getName().toLowerCase())) {

							toRm.add(ldapAttr);
						}
					}

					entry.getEntry().getAttributeSet().removeAll(toRm);

				}
			}
		}

	}

	@Override
	public void postSearchComplete(PostSearchCompleteInterceptorChain chain,
			DistinguishedName base, Int scope, Filter filter,
			ArrayList<Attribute> attributes, Bool typesOnly,
			LDAPSearchConstraints constraints) throws LDAPException {
		chain.nextPostSearchComplete(base, scope, filter, attributes, typesOnly, constraints);

	}

	@Override
	public void shutdown() {

	}

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: htaccess rewritecond and rewrite rule not working properly I'm trying to redirect all /admin calls into subdomain with this two lines in .htaccess:
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^admin [NC]
RewriteRule ^(.*)/$ http://admin\.somedomain\.com/$1/ [R,L]

Well, nothing happens. It just ignores the redirect rule and shows content of /admin directory.
Just for reference (and to skip requests to paste my entire .htaccess file), here it is:
Options +FollowSymlinks -Indexes
RewriteEngine on

Redirect 404 /favicon.ico

RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^admin [NC]
RewriteRule ^(.*)/$ http://admin\.somedomain\.com/$1/ [R,L]

# Send all admin. traffic to /admin
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^admin\. [NC]
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /admin/$1 [L]

# Check for www. and add it
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^www\. [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^admin\. [NC]
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://www.%{HTTP_HOST}/$1 [R,L]

# Add trailing slash if not found
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !favicon.ico
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !(.*)/$
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /$1/ [R,L]

# Process virtual links/directories
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !favicon.ico
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php/?$1 [QSA,L]

A: RewriteCond %(HTTP_HOST} !^admin\.somedomain\.com$
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/admin [NC]
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://admin.somedomain.com$1 [R,L]

You were missing a leading slash on your RewriteCond match. With the assumption that admin.somedomain.com may be in the same configuration as the other domain, I also added a check to ensure the rule isn't applied if the domain is already admin.somedomain.com. In the RewriteRule, I made a couple of minor modifications: You aren't matching on the right side, so you don't need to escape the dots.
There are some issues with your remaining rules as well. This won't work, for example:
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://www.%{HTTP_HOST}/$1

You can't use server variables on that side of the rule.


text:
Rep. Alan Nunnelee Dies At Age 56
Emily Cahn
By Emily Cahn, CQ-Roll Call (TNS)
Rep. Alan Nunnelee (R-MI), the stalwart social conservative who spearheaded efforts to ban same-sex marriage in the Magnolia State, died Friday from complications from brain cancer, his spokeswoman confirmed to CQ Roll Call. He was 56.
"Congressman Alan Nunnelee has gone home to be with Jesus. He was well loved and will be greatly missed," according to a statement from his family.
In May, doctors found a tumor in the right side of Nunnelee's brain after he was complaining of fatigue. He underwent brain surgery in June to remove the mass, and suffered a stroke during the procedure, which left him with impaired speech and numbness in his left side. On Jan. 26, doctors moved Nunnelee into hospice care at his home in Tupelo, Miss., after they found another tumor had formed and no further treatment was possible.
Nunnelee was born Oct. 9, 1958, in Tupelo to two teenage parents.
His father took a job at a life insurance company shortly after Nunnelee was born, and worked his way up the ladder to be an executive.
After graduating from Mississippi State University, Nunnelee went into the life insurance business with his father's company — helping it grow before eventually becoming a vice president.
Throughout that time, Nunnelee was involved in the local Republican Party. In 1994, he worked as finance director to now-Sen. Roger Wicker's election to the U.S. House. At the time, Wicker was a state senator.
Nunnelee went on to win Wicker's vacant state Senate seat, and served in that role for more than 15 years, becoming a powerful appropriator. He pushed for spending cuts in that role, advocating for the government to spend only what it had rather than take on debt.
Nunnelee was also a stalwart social conservative. In 2001, he backed legislation in the state House that would put "In God We Trust" on the walls of public school classrooms. And in 2003, he helped usher a constitutional amendment to the state constitution to ban same-sex marriage in the state — a ban that has since been struck down.
In 2010, Nunnelee defeated one-term Democratic Rep. Travis W. Childers. Childers had won a special election in 2008 after Wicker was appointed to the Senate.
On Capitol Hill, Nunnelee kept to his fiscal conservative roots in his role on both the Appropriations and Budget committees. He supported offsets to disaster funding bills, despite coming from a state often hard-hit by hurricanes. He also was a member of the socially conservative Republican Study Committee.
Nunnelee was largely absent from Capitol Hill after his brain cancer diagnosis last summer. He returned in the fall and attended GOP conference meetings in a wheelchair.
But Nunnelee's health rapidly declined over the holidays. In December, when he was home in Tupelo, Nunnelee was admitted to the hospital to treat a hematoma in his left leg. The surgery left him unable to travel to Washington, D.C., to be sworn in for a third term, so instead he was sworn in on Jan. 12 by a judge from the North Mississippi Medical Center where he resided.
Nunnelee is survived by his wife, Tori, and three children: Reed, Nathan and Emily.
He is the first member to die in office since Rep. C.W. Bill Young (R-FL) died in October 2013.
Photo: House GOP via Flickr


First off, wow! Where has 2013 gone?
I mean really I feel like just yesterday I posted about my 2013 goals. And now I am writing about the how the goals worked out! So how did I do??
1. Memorize 24 verses of scripture.
I didn't quite make 24 verses. However I have committed more scripture to heart this year than ever before! So YAY for improvement.
2. Let go of the fear and anxiety that consumes parts of my day. Pray more often and let God guide me.
I feel like I definately made improvements in this area but still have a long way to go.
3. Read through the ENTIRE Bible in one year.
Yea, no this didn't happen not even by a long shot. I would like to blame it on being a slow reader however its more because I am a slacker!
4. Spend more time focusing on my family.
This was one goal that I feel like was completely successful! I cut out some of my commitments prior to having baby boy #2 and this gave me time to focus on our family. It also gave me time to really prioritize many things in life.
5. Finally get my house, office, and life organized.
Yea, another no. We are still working towards this goal. I did however get rid of 15 30 gallon trash bags of stuff this year. However apparently it needs to be more like 150!!
6. To use my blog more effectively. For me this means one posting more often. Last year I posted 37 new post and gained followers however this year I want to do more. I have a goal of 500 followers by 12/31/13, but to reach this goal I must give my followers content.
Well I did post...3 more post than I did the previous year. SO I guess I did provide a little more content than in the past. However I don't have 500 followers on my blog but the between the blog, the blog's Facebook page and the farm's Facebook page we have 504 followers!! I still need to work on getting on a blogging schedule that works well for me and my style. We will see what the new year brings!
7. To advocate for agriculture more often and to be more vocal about issues affecting agriculture in our community.
I feel like I have stepped up on this. Talking with more folks locally and with my elected officials about agricultural issues. I still need to work on blogging about them more.


If you aren't certain how routinely you need to have your rain gutters and downspouts cleaned, then please reach out to us at Clean Pro Gutter Cleaning™ today. As a general rule of thumb, rain gutters and downspouts cleaning ought to be done a minimum of two times each year.
However, in states where there is heavier rain and snowfall, this may not be sufficient to keep them cleared, cleaned and maintained and working correctly. Instead of trying to guess how regularly you need to have your gutters cleaned and maintained, you are much better off contacting us instead.
When you do, we will dispatch an skilled professional that will clean and maintain and check your gutters and downspouts for you, and then make suggestions on how often they ought to be clean in the future. We can even schedule your rain gutters cleaning in advance so you don't need to fret about forgetting to have it done.
You may not realize it by taking a look at them, however those gutters on your home are vitally important to it. They safeguard your house and yard from water damage, which is why it's so crucial that you do whatever you can to keep them working terrific. The simplest method to do this is to simply call us and let us take care of all of your rain gutters and downspouts cleaning needs.
As soon as we're done, you can count on getting the complete protective advantages your rain gutters are expected to offer you. Our extremely friendly team will rapidly take care of the clean-out while providing you with inexpensive and remarkable gutter cleaning service in the greater Gibsonton metro area.. Making sure that your home is protected from water damage is only a click away!
But why should you be involved in these gutter cleaning services? When it comes to rain gutter cleaning, the exterior of the gutters actually doesn't matter. They can look nice on the exterior, but within, have plenty of debris. The gutters will still have to be cleared out on a routine basis to make sure they are working appropriately. The gutter system plays a huge role in ensuring your home does not sustain water damages. We aren't simply discussing small flooding or paint cracking off either!
Water can wear down the foundation of your house and cause thousands of dollars in losses. Water damages can also consist of mold and mildew building up in the walls and ceilings of your home. This is, naturally, in addition to what you would anticipate to happen to your fascia, siding, windows, roofing system, landscaping, etc. That's why the service we provide should matter to you, due to the fact that you need your rain gutters operating at complete capacity if you wish to keep your home totally free from water damage.
If you are desiring a business that has years of experience and a stellar track record in the neighborhood, then you have discovered it. You can rely on us to put our best foot forwards and bring the most effective service to help secure your property from water damage. Our detailed technique of cleansing makes certain that your rain gutters are cleared out properly and we do it in the safest way possible.
Have any concerns for us? Proceed, we can handle it! Get on over to our Rain gutter Cleaning FAQ to get more information about gutters, ways to clean them and why you need a professional to help you.
Professional — We get the gutters cleaned out quickly. We strive to make sure we are able to get to the gutter cleaning prior to the scheduled date. We aren't able to always do that, but we always try our best to make it happen.
Reasonably priced — Although we will not be the cheapest around, we strive to make sure all quotes are fair. We review our prices consistently to make sure we're offering an excellent value for our customers.
Online Quotes, Scheduling, & Payments — Every single thing is at the tip of your fingertips. We have made the routine of getting an estimate, scheduling service as well as paying for that cleaning easy.
We Do The Job Right — The goal of your gutters is to take water away from your home. We guarantee that the gutters and the downspouts are cleaned out in order that they can do what they were created to do.
There are a number of rain gutter and downspout cleaning businesses , so selecting the right one might take more effort than you counted on. The bright side is that if you are looking into employing the services of a trained professional rain gutter and downspout cleaner, that undoubtedly indicates that you recognize that doing so will help to safeguard your house and keep your rain gutters in great condition. Now, the hard part is likely to be in fact hiring an experienced professional gutter cleaning contractor that you can trust. Rain gutter cleaning is an important part of routine house preventative maintenance, so it is extremely vital you select the right rain gutter cleaner to work with.
At first glimpse, employing The area handyman might seem like an ideal option to get your gutter and downspouts cleared, and cleaned. They will do the job for you, and they will generally do it for less than what a skilled professional rain gutter cleaning contractor would charge you. Seems like a great deal, right? Sadly, if this is what you were believing, then you would be disappointed. Is it possible that if you hire an area handyman to clean your rain gutters and downspouts and it all goes according to plan? Sure, however, it's likewise possible that something will end up failing, and if it does you could be in for some serious issues.
The most important reason that employing a community handyman should not be an option is the truth that they are not certified, bonded, and insured. Why is this so vital? It is very important due to the fact that rain gutter cleaning can be rather harmful. While an experienced professional gutter cleaner isn't very likely to suffer an accidental injury while working on your property, you can't assume that a neighborhood handyman that you employ the services of has the training, skills and experience required to do the job safely.
What occurs if an uninsured area handyman has an accident while dealing with your home? Well, believe it or not, you might really be discovered responsible for their injuries which would make you responsible for their medical bills. That thought alone should be enough for you to realize that employing a local handyman rather than a skilled professional rain gutter cleaner is never a good idea.
If the thought of needing to pay medical bills isn't sufficient to scare you off, what about the possibility of them damaging your home and declining to pay for the damages they caused? If a neighborhood handyman damages your house, and even takes your cash and never shows up, you do not have many legal possibilities available that you can utilize to try to hold them accountable.
When you hire a certified, bonded, and guaranteed trained professional for rain gutter and downspout cleaning you get a great deal of advantages. Firstly, a qualified professional gutter and downspout cleaner will do a much better job than you could do yourself, or that a local area handyman could do for you. Trained professional gutter cleaners have the training, tools, and equipment needed to do the job the way it must be done.
On top of that, a professional gutter and downspout cleaning contractor is likely to accomplish a better job because they understand that their track record is at stake. They know that their future earning potential is directly connected to their track record. Ecstatic customers mean not only just repeat clients, but also recommendations which can result in more earnings in the future. So, employing the services of a trained professional rain gutter cleaning company will always lead to a more thorough job and better service.
But what occurs if things do not go according to prepare when a trained professional is cleaning your rain gutter? Well, if they have a mishap and suffer an injury then they have insurance that will cover those medical bills. What occurs if they harm your property? In most cases, a respectable contractor will simply make things right with you and cover the cost of repair work. They don't desire any ill will from you, and they do not desire an accident to damage their track record. However if they do not make things right and fix the damage they caused, you can always file a claim against them to recover your money. In other words, employing a skilled professional gutter cleaning contractor will secure you from any financial liability.
There are many elements you need to think about when choosing a gutter and downspout cleaning contractor. Gutter cleaning cost should definitely be among those aspects, but it should not be the main driving force behind any choice that you make. You need to absolutely do your due diligence and take a look at rates so you can be sure that you aren't being overcharged by the company you choose to work with.
The more crucial consider your choice though must focus on the experience and reputation of the contractor you are going to select. You desire a rain gutter and downspout cleaning contractor that has actually stayed in business for a while so that you know that they understand what they are doing. You likewise desire a gutter cleaning contractor with an excellent track record. It's easier than ever to discover a lot of information about any company browsing the web and doing some research. So, ensure that you do your research to make sure that the company you pick is respectable, with an excellent history of client service.
While it is very important to select the best gutter cleaning company, the simple fact that you have actually recognized that this is the very best approach is absolutely a step in the right direction. Far too many individuals make the error of trying to clean their own gutter, and even worse they disregard them and let them fall into a state of disrepair. The rain gutters on your house are there for a good reason, and if you desire them to be able to do what they are there for, you need to look after them. Employing the services of a trained professional, reputable, rain gutter and downspout cleaning contractor is the very best method to do this.


text:
Q: scraper filters out word's instead of line So I was trying to make a filter that filter's out the crap from this scrape, but I have an issue where it filters out the words. I would like to filter out the whole line instead of the words.
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests
import os

def Scrape():
    page = input("Page: ")

    url = "https://openuserjs.org/?p=" + page

    source = requests.get(url)

    soup = BeautifulSoup(source.text,'lxml')

    os.system('cls')

    Filter(soup)

def Filter(soup):
    crap = ""
    f = open("Data/Crap.txt", "r")
    for craptext in f:
        crap = craptext
    for Titles in soup.select("a.tr-link-a>b"):
        print(Titles.text.replace(crap, "").strip())

while True:
    Scrape()

A: Instead of:
print(Titles.text.replace(crap, "").strip())

Try using:
if crap not in Titles.text:
    print(Titles.text.strip())


text:
Call Map Contact
Personal Injury,Car Crashes, Slip & Falls & Dog Bites
Divorce, Custody & Family Law
OUI Practice
TRAFFIC TICKETS & DRIVING OFFENSES
Injury, Divorce & Criminal Defense Blog
Will Driverless Vehicles Increase (or Decrease) Future Traffic Fatalities?
The next wave of traffic safety appears to be driverless vehicles. Already, driverless cars are being heavily tested, and driverless semi-trucks are just beginning to be tested. The initial reports of driverless vehicles appear to be good; with apparently fewer accidents than with human drivers.
How Driverless Vehicles May Be Safer
Currently, driverless vehicles are equipped with onboard computers and sensors that have the capability of seeing and detecting objects at 360° at all times. This is clearly one benefit that driverless cars have over humans, who are only capable of seeing in one direction at a time.
Driverless vehicles can also take in much more information simultaneously than can humans, in large part because of the increased degree of constant monitoring. For instance, a driverless vehicle could simultaneously take into account that a vehicle is approaching rapidly from behind, that a person on the side of the street has just entered a crosswalk, and that a van in front of the vehicle has suddenly slammed on the brakes. In contrast, a human would likely miss at least one of these activities because of their inability to see in all these directions at once.
A key to the success or failure of driverless vehicles will in large part be their ability to make split-second decisions based upon all of this incoming information (assuming that such events have been properly detected). In the scenario described above, how should a driverless vehicle react? Should the brakes be applied to avoid hitting the vehicle in front, or should the vehicle swerve to avoid an accident, while at the same time also avoid the pedestrian?
The Legal Liability of Driverless Vehicles
In some cases, driverless vehicles will need to make decisions that will necessarily involve choosing one crash over another. As an example, a situation may arise where the vehicle will need to take evasive action and determine whether to hit a car in front of the vehicle, or swerving on a sidewalk to avoid a crash (but potentially injuring pedestrians).
The specific action that may be taken will likely be programmed into the vehicle's computers. Thus in a very real sense it may be the programming engineers who decide which people may be the victims. Additionally, such programming may, in fact, be designed to favor the passengers in the driverless vehicle over those in other vehicles, or even pedestrians.
In such crashes, who should be liable? As driverless vehicle crashes occur, these issues will need to be addressed. Hopefully, however, if driverless vehicles do become commonplace, crashes will become a rarity.
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Ryan Insulation is a full service insulation contractor, offering a variety of different insulation products for different needs. We have blown-in and loosefill insulation for attics, crawlspaces and other areas needing a fiberglass insulation product. We also carry and offer different injection foam services, which gives us a distinct difference over other insulation companies in Rochester. Listed below is a list of different insulation products we carry. Please feel free to click on and read about our different insulation products.


Kerry and other top U.S. officials, including Treasury Secretary Jacob Lew, are in Beijing for an annual get-together with the Chinese hierarchy known as the Strategic Economic Dialogue. The gathering results in face-to-face meetings with officials from both countries, including those with expertise in energy, public health, environment, banking, trade, economic development, national security and international relations.
In advance of the dialogue, Beijing and the White House have tried to rebut the conventional criticism of their strained relationship: that China sees the United States as a declining power and that the Obama administration, for its part, is intent on "containing" China's rise.
In an opening speech Wednesday, Xi said the two countries had common interests that outweighed their differences, including the need to work together on a trade agreement, counterterrorism, climate change and other issues of mutual concern. "The foundation of Sino-U.S. friendship lies in the people, and our hope in youth," Xi was quoted as saying by China's state-run media.
Despite such comments, the U.S.-China relationship remains tense, stoked by China's territorial ambitions in the East and South China seas and by the White House's decision to indict Chinese military officials on charges of hacking U.S. corporate secrets.
China has seized on the indictments to accuse the United States of cyber-hypocrisy, propaganda aided this week by claims that Washington had hired a German intelligence employee to spy on the government of Chancellor Angela Merkel.
Visiting Beijing on Monday, Merkel was asked about accusations that the U.S. had lured a German citizen to spy against his own country. "If the allegations are true, it would be a clear contradiction as to what I consider to be trusting cooperation between agencies and partners, " she said at a Beijing news conference, presumably to the delight of her Chinese hosts.
Given the state of relations between the United States and China, some diplomats see little to be gained by pressing issues of human rights. Richardson disagrees, saying a strong message could be sent at these meetings if individual U.S. agencies were to press human rights concerns that related to their own particular priorities.
U.S. public health agencies, she said, have a vested interest in ensuring that outbreaks of bird flu or other infectious diseases in China are quickly and fully disclosed to the public. "Part of the reason that there are health scares in China is because the Chinese press is not allowed to report on them," she said.
U.S. security agencies, she said, could enter into a dialogue with their counterparts about how to counter terrorist cells in western China's Xinjiang region, without cracking down so indiscriminately that they draw new converts to radical Islamism.
Human rights groups have kept a running tally of China's recent actions against dissidents. As of June 3, Amnesty International had reported that some 66 Chinese had been detained or arrested as part of a government campaign to suppress any memory of China's assault on protesters in Tiananmen Square 25 years ago.
Earlier this year, a Chinese court sentenced Xu Zhiyong, a lawyer and leader of the New Citizens Movement, to four years in prison after he campaigned for greater disclosure of the wealth of Communist Party leaders.
This month, a court in Henan province sentenced a Christian pastor, Zhang Shaojie, to an even harsher sentence _ 12 years _ for alleged fraud and "gathering a crowd to disrupt social order." Zhang had been active in pushing the government to resolve disputes involving his parishioners, many of whom are desperately poor.
A spokesman for the U.S. Embassy in Beijing said he couldn't comment on reports that Woeser, the Tibetan writer and activist, had been invited to the embassy and was later put under house arrest.
Woeser, on her Facebook page, said she'd returned from Inner Mongolia to Beijing at 6 p.m. Tuesday. An hour later, police arrived and told her not leave her house.
Richardson said China was hurting its own interests by arresting and harassing individuals such as Tohti and Woeser, who she said sought to ease tensions between China's ethnic groups and the Han majority.
"These are rare public intellectuals who, at enormous risks to themselves and their families, are trying hard to bridge divides in China," she said.
Road work in Fort Mill and Tega Cay, South Carolina, could impact the morning commute drive on parts of Tom Hall Street, Steele Street and Stonecrest Boulevard. Daimler Boulevard in Lake Wylie also will close.


Jay Z may be the rap game's Pablo Picasso, but Anti-Lilly is its Mark Rothko. On the latest single off his next street release, the H-Town buzzmaker takes inspiration from his hometown's Rothko Chapel, named for the famed modern artist. Perhaps fortunately, this joint isn't quite as abstract as its namesake's iconic "color field" paintings. On the contrary, the emcee's bars are concrete and approachable. Over project co-headliner Phoniks's light, jazzy boom-bap production, Lilly offers an introspective chronicle of his quest to succeed as an artist, and achieve financial security in the process. Fans will be able to find this real, reflective jam, along with previous single Respiration and much more, on the collaborators' Stories From the Brass Section EP, dropping at the top of 2014.


Sky Betting and Gaming has revealed plans to lessen the amount of problem gambling its players have.
Richard Flint, chief executive officer, expressed the serious need of operators coming together to help alleviate the issue of problem gambling. Flint thinks by building trust among regulators, politicians, and players, that the result will be a "sustainable industry." Within the past year, various incidents have occurred within the gambling industry that may have caused mistrust in the industry. While Flint understands the change won't happen overnight, he still believes, with the right strategies and approaches, a future that is sustainable can happen.
Flint also would like to regain the public's confidence in the gambling sector's purpose, which is to provide customers with a good time while also ensuring their protection.
Make improvements to "the accessibility, awareness, and understanding of self-help tools," including limits to deposits and a cooling-off period, to promote safer gambling.
Customer interaction, especially with those who may exhibit the warning signs, and discussion of his or her behavior.
To prevent customers from harming themselves, there should be an increase in intentions.
While Flint realizes some players may not be in favor of the idea, he says it must be done to achieve a sustainable industry.
Flint ensures his customers are on the right track by keeping an open communication with them and making sure certain tools are utilized should they begin to display harmful behavior. He says they currently "use a combination of telephone calls, e-mails, SMS messaging, onsite and in-app communication." He adds by using these various forms of communication, they can "highlight a customer's behavior" and push him or her toward using the tools that will help him or her to gamble responsibly.
Flint also says the customer is "signposted" for both "treatment and support" and checked to see if "they are comfortable with their spending." However, if needed, "in extreme cases, we suspend or terminate" a customer's account.
In terms of intervention, Flint feels various approaches should be utilized by the gambling industry. "Research regarding what a successful intervention looks like is limited," he said. "Guidance from the regulator is" limited. He added, "the industry should play a role in helping to test different messages and interventions to customers." Flint is also in favor of the gambling industry working with a public advocate to help manage complaints on a regular basis while also creating a channel where players can hear about problems that are affecting them.


text:
Friends of the Earth International, på svenska ungefär Internationella Jordens Vänner, är en miljöorganisation som samlar ett internationellt nätverk med drygt två miljoner medlemmar i mer än 70 självständiga nationella grupper (2013). Den svenska avdelningen är Jordens Vänner.

Historia
Organisationen bildades 1971 när fyra miljöorganisationer från Frankrike, USA, Sverige och Storbritannien gick ihop för att bli en världsorganisation.

I och med att organisationen växte satte man 1981 upp ett internationellt sekretariat som till största delen bestod av volontärarbetare. 1983 hade organisationen 25 medlemmar. Man valde då en verkställande kommitté för att hålla koll och ordning på de projekt man arbetade med mellan mötena. 2008 räknade man ut att det fanns fler än 2 miljoner supportrar till organisationen och att det fanns över 5 000 lokala aktivistgrupper som samverkar med Friends of the Earth. Organisationen har numera en klart sydlig dominans.

Mål
Friends of the Earth jobbar för att alla länder i världen ska ha respekt för mänskliga rättigheter, tänka miljövänligt för att bevara miljön och spara på naturresurser och ekosystem.

De vill engagera människor, få dem att tänka på varandra och miljön, stärka samarbeten mellan människor och länder, och bilda allianser mellan olika organisationer.

Arbete

Organisationen arbetar med olika program, till exempel Climate Justice and Energy (Klimaträttvisa och energi) och Forest and Diversity (Skog och mångfald).

I deras program om Climate Justice and Energy kämpar organisationen för rättvisa i områden som har blivit drabbade av klimatförändringar, och försöker hjälpa dem att få rätt på sin energiförsörjning. De hjälper länderna att få rätt att själva kunna välja vilka energikällor de ska använda.

I Forest and Biodiversity-programmet jobbar de för att få bort olaglig skövling av skog och vill få människor att ta hand om sina städer och byar för att bevara sin skog och miljö. De opponerar sig mot de negativa följder som blir av att bara odla en slags gröda på plantager, så kallad monokultur. De pekar på att man bör växla mellan olika grödor för att jorden ska må bra.

Källor

Externa länkar
Friends of the Earth International
Friends of the Earth Europe
Jordens Vänner

Miljöorganisationer
Internationella organisationer
Organisationer bildade 1971


text:
Why Canadian news organizations lack focus on global disaster coverage
Rachel Pulfer from Journalists for Human Rights talks about the importance of…
Rachel Pulfer from Journalists for Human Rights talks about the importance of the local fixer network at the RRJ's recent conference, "Covering disaster: A critical lens." (Sherry Li/RRJ)
We accept all major credit cards: How local journalism is surviving by crowdfunding
Dagmawit Dejene
CBC,
Covering Disasters: A critical lens,
Dagmawit Dejene,
disaster reporting,
eye on diversity,
Greg Reume,
Journalists for Human Rights,
on disasters,
Rachel Pulfer
Rachel Pulfer from Journalists for Human Rights talks about the importance of the local fixer network at the RRJ's conference on disaster reporting. (Sherry Li/RRJ)
Some news organizations believe that local and national news is more important to their audiences than what is happening globally—which becomes a challenge when reporting on disasters. This focus is based on cultural biases, and fails to acknowledge disasters in far-off places that could benefit from the attention of Western media, said Rachel Pulfer, the executive director of Journalists for Human Rights.
When reporting on disasters, newsrooms need to calculate what their audiences want to hear and how it will affect them, CBC managing editor Greg Reume said.
"Normally there needs to be a very significant loss of life [or] very extensive property damage [for us to cover international disasters]," Reume said. Small disasters happening in Canada or the United States may receive the same or more coverage than large-scale international disasters, he added, saying that it is biased in favour of the impact on Canadians.
This bias goes as far as to determine what disaster is worth covering based on what country is affected, Athena Masson, a PhD candidate at the University of Toronto's Climate Lab, said. Masson studies hurricanes and other severe weather events.
"If it's mostly a developed country or a high-powered country, such as the United States or England, that's more than likely to get on the news compared to maybe an earthquake in the middle of Iran or Afghanistan," she said.
But this type of coverage may be damaging to the affected areas. According to a report by CARE International titled, "Suffering in Silence: The 10 Most Underreported Humanitarian Crises of 2016," getting the media's attention can be critical for disaster victims because coverage attracts aid to the affected area. This phenomenon is known as "the CNN effect" because media attention and fundraising are closely related. The ideas suggests that watching people suffering on TV makes others want to donate to the community.
"I think you can make a link between ongoing media attention and sustained donor attention," Pulfer said, adding that media coverage of the 2010 Haiti earthquake and the Syrian refugee crisis resulted in increased aid.
The media should pay attention to these stories, not only because they can help, but because the average Canadian is interested in global natural disasters, Masson said.
"Natural disasters grab the attention of everyone because they are such big, devastating events, and they're something that Canadians probably don't experience," she said. "It really does capture one's attention so much more strongly, than let's say, whatever's happening in the political world."
Studies show that news stories about natural disasters generate more viewers than any other topic, Masson said.
Canadian news organizations send reporters to cover international disasters depending on the magnitude or loss of life, Reume added.
"We went and covered the earthquake in Nepal a couple of years ago," he said. "Canada doesn't have a whole lot of ties to Nepal, but the early reports were that it was on a mammoth scale, and the calculation we made was that this is really going to be devastating."
But some newsrooms are not always able to cover international tragedies.
Limited resources play a large role in preventing newsrooms from covering international disasters, Pulfer said.
"Often their network or outlet has radically scaled back its international coverage, or changed it in a way that has created a scenario where there's a lot of parachute journalism—being sent in for a week or two to get a sense on the ground," she added. One way to overcome these challenges is to use the local fixer network in the affected areas, Pulfer said, adding that network can become a collaborative resource for journalists because they will gain a better understanding of the affected area and the local community.
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Compelling Canadian stories to enjoy from the great indoors this summer Read more →
Putting Calls for Racial Diversity in Canadian Media into Action: Pull Quotes Season Three, Episode Eight
In season three, episode eight of Pull Quotes, the team examines diversity in Canadian media. Read more →
In season three, episode seven of Pull Quotes, the team examines how journalists cover disasters. Read more →
The Decade in Review: Stories that Caught our Attention in the 2010s + Pull Quotes Podcast
A look back at Canadian journalism's public service reporting this decade. Read more →


text:
Q: Display a message "No internet" if internet connection is lost while using webview pages in flutter android bool connectionStatus = true;
Future check() async {
  try {
    final result = await InternetAddress.lookup('google.com');
    if (result.isNotEmpty && result[0].rawAddress.isNotEmpty) {
      connectionStatus = true;
    }
  } on SocketException catch (_) {
    connectionStatus = false;
  }
}

class _BackButtonState extends State<BackButton> {
  DateTime backbuttonpressedTime;
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: PreferredSize(
        preferredSize: Size(double.infinity, 0),
        child: AppBar(
          title: Text(""),
          backgroundColor: Colors.deepPurple,
        ),
      ),
      body: FutureBuilder(
          future: check(), // a previously-obtained Future or null
          builder: (BuildContext context, AsyncSnapshot<dynamic> snapshot) {
            if (connectionStatus == true) {
              return WillPopScope(
                onWillPop: onWillPop,
                child: WebviewScaffold(
                  url: 'https://www.theonlineindia.co.in',
                  hidden: true,
                  initialChild: Container(
                    child: const Center(
                      child: CircularProgressIndicator(
                          valueColor:
                              AlwaysStoppedAnimation<Color>(Colors.deepPurple)),
                    ),
                  ),
                ),
              );
            } else {
              return Center(
                  child: Column(
                mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
                crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.center,
                children: <Widget>[
                  Container(
                    child: Text('No internet connection !!!',
                        style: TextStyle(
                          // your text
                          fontFamily: 'Aleo',
                          fontStyle: FontStyle.normal,
                          fontWeight: FontWeight.bold,
                          fontSize: 25.0,
                        )),
                  ),
                  /* RaisedButton(
                    onPressed: () {
                      setState(() {});
                    },
                    color: Color(0xFF673AB7),
                    textColor: Colors.white,
                    child: Text('Refresh'),
                  ), */
                  // your button beneath text
                ],
              ));
            }
          }),
    );
  }

  Future<bool> onWillPop() async {
    DateTime currentTime = DateTime.now();

    //ifbackbuttonhasnotbeenpreedOrToasthasbeenclosed
    //Statement 1 Or statement2
    bool backButton = backbuttonpressedTime == null ||
        currentTime.difference(backbuttonpressedTime) > Duration(seconds: 2);
    if (backButton) {
      backbuttonpressedTime = currentTime;
      Fluttertoast.showToast(
          msg: "Double tap to exit the app",
          backgroundColor: Colors.deepPurple,
          textColor: Colors.white);
      return false;
    }
    exit(0);
    return true;
  }
}

*

*

In the above code I am able to display the message "No internet" only at the time of launching the app.
I want to display the same message after app is launched and if the internet connection is lost while visiting the web pages within the webview.
I would prefer to achieve the above via code itself not looking for any plugins. Plugins will be secondary option.
*

A: Option 1
Define a timer that periodically check the connection
  const period= const Duration(seconds:5);
  new Timer.periodic(period, (Timer t) => check());

Option 2
Use the connectivity plugin and define a stream in your app main widget
    StreamSubscription<ConnectivityResult> networkSubscription;
    @override
      void initState() {
        super.initState();
        networkSubscription = Connectivity().onConnectivityChanged.listen((ConnectivityResult result) {
          check();
        });
        checkNetwork(); // Needed for the check on start
      }


An undergraduate dissertation is a serious academic work that can influence the whole future career of the person, so it's very important to write a good work. Usually writing the undergraduate thesis takes much time and efforts. To make the writing process easier, it will be great to get a sample of the ready paper. Mind that the example should be from the trustful source, so you don't do a mistake in your own research. Here you can read how to get a nice sample of a text.
Your university library is the very first place you should go to get a paper sample. All the copies of works that have been written by the students of your university are stored in the university library. These examples are the best ones because they meet the demands of your own university.
Different works on various subjects are stored in the library. To narrow the search, ask your tutor. He or she surely has the samples of the works written by the students of previous years. These works will be performed right as your tutor advised following both university and your tutor's requirements.
Every university has its own website. Most of the universities suggest various information on their websites to help the students. The examples of undergraduate dissertations can be there. However, pay attention that different universities may have different writing demands.
Such services offer to write any kind of the assignment: essay, research paper, term paper, thesis statement, thesis etc. As usual, they offer free samples to get acquainted with their services. Good services offer good and thoroughly proofread examples of undergraduate works. You should check if the writing service is trustworthy. You can do it by reading the customers reviews.
Guidebooks contain all the important information that is needed for writing the paper. There you can find the material on the study process, overall structure, form, style, answers on frequently asked questions, samples of the structural parts etc. These manuals are great systematic advisors.
There were written some very good texts that became very popular. Some of these popular studies were printed. You can buy either paper variant of the thesis or an electronic one. Such works can serve as a brilliant and reliable example.
If you couldn't find anywhere, former students have already searched everywhere to get good samples. Moreover, they have successfully defended their works, so you can trust the sources they advise you.


"There are people out there that do need help and support, so that they enjoy the best opportunities that we enjoy in Australia. I think THISWORLDEXISTS means the bigger world that we perhaps get a bit of an understanding of coming to Nepal but it really is just the tip of the iceberg. Together we can make a difference!"


text:
dalla
ALLAYAR
ALLAYAR, a wealthy Muslim horse dealer of Delhi, who turned a preacher of Sikhism, first came to Guru Amar Das at Goindval escorted by Bhai Paro, a prominent Sikh of Dalla, a village in present day Kapurthala district of the Punjab. It is said that returning from Kabul once
BEGA, BHAI
BEGA, BHAI, or Bhai Vega. a Pasi Khatri of the village of Dalla, now in Kapurthala district of the Punjab. His name appears among pious and devoted Sikhs of the time of Guru Amar Das in Bhai Gurdas, Varan, XI. 16. He was among the Sikhs who waited upon
DALLA, BHAI
DALLA, BHAI (later Dall Singh), a Siddhu Jatt and chaudhari or landlord of Talvandi Sabo, enthusiastically received Guru Gobind Singh when he arrived there with his entourage early in 1706, and attended diligently to the needs and comforts of the daily growing sangat. According to Bhai Santokh Singh, Sn
DALLA. BHAI,
DALLA. BHAI, a devout Sikh of the time of Guru Arjan. Once he, accompanied by Bhai Bhagirath, BhaiJapu and Bhai Nivala, waited upon Guru Arjan and begged to be enlightened whether Guru Nanak worshipped God in the nirguna, the unattributed, or saguna, the attributed form. The Guru, as says
JHANDA, BHAI
JHANDA, BHAI, of the village of Dalla, now in Kapurthala district of the Punjab, was a devoted Sikh of the time of Guru Amar Das. He was among those who waited on the Guru when he visited Dalla. Among the visitors was also a learned Pandit. He undertook to serve
MALIA, BHAI
MALIA, BHAI, along with Bhai Saharu, accepted the Sikh faith at the hands of Guru Amar Das. Both were tailors by profession and belonged to the village of Dalla, in present-day Kapurthala district of the Punjab. According to Bhai Mani Singh, Sikhdan di Bhagat Mala, as Guru Amar Das
NAND, BHAI
NAND, BHAI, also called in Sikh chronicles Bhai Nanda or Nandu, was a Sudana Brahman of the village of Dalla, now in Kapurthala district of the Punjab. His name figures in Bhai Mani Singh, Sikhdn di Bhagat Maid. He was among those who waited upon Guru Amar Das when
PARO, BHAI
PARO, BHAI, a Julka Khatri of the village of Dalla, in present day Kapurthala district of the Punjab, received initiation at the hands of Guru Angad and became known for his piety and dedication. An epithet commonly used for him was paramhans, swan perfect, i.e. one who has achieved
SAHARU, BHAI
SAHARU, BHAI, a native of the village of Dalla, in present day Kapurthala district of the Punjab, was a devout Sikh of the time of Guru Amar Das. He received the rites of initiation at the hands of die Guru at the time of the latter`s visit to Dalla.
TARU, BHAI
TARU, BHAI, of Dalla, a village in present day Kapurthala district of the Punjab, was a devoted Sikh of the time of Guru Amar Das. He was among those who waited upon the Guru when he visited Dalla, and received initiation at his hands. His name figures in Bhai
UGARU, BHAI
UGARU, BHAI, a native of Dalla, a village in present day Kapurthala district of the Punjab, was a devout Sikh of the time of Guru Amar Das. He was among those who waited upon the Guru when he visited Dalla and received initiation at his hands.


text:
Q: How do I specify concrete implementations for a typeclass? I have the following simple Haskell module which defines a typeclass Queue on which the operations push, pop and top must be defined, as well as a constructor for the empty queue and a function that checks if the queue is empty. It then provides two implementations: a first-in-first-out queue and a stack.
The code works. However, it seems as though I'm repeating myself unnecessarily. In particular, the only operations that differs between the queue and the stack is the push operation (do we push new objects onto the front or the back of the list?). It seems as though there should be some way to define the common operations in the typeclass definition. Is that, in fact, possible?
module Queue (
    Queue,
    FifoQueue(FifoQueue),
    Stack(Stack),
    empty,
    isEmpty,
    push,
    pop,
    top
) where

class Queue q where
    empty :: q a
    isEmpty :: q a -> Bool
    push :: a -> q a -> q a
    pop :: q a -> (a, q a)
    top :: q a -> a

data Stack a = Stack [a] deriving (Show, Eq)

instance Queue Stack where
    empty = Stack []
    isEmpty (Stack xs) = null xs
    push x (Stack xs) = Stack (x:xs)
    pop (Stack xs) = (head xs, Stack (tail xs))
    top (Stack xs) = head xs

data FifoQueue a = FifoQueue [a] deriving (Show, Eq)

instance Queue FifoQueue where
    empty = FifoQueue []
    isEmpty (FifoQueue xs) = null xs
    push x (FifoQueue xs) = FifoQueue (xs ++ [x])
    pop (FifoQueue xs) = (head xs, FifoQueue (tail xs))
    top (FifoQueue xs) = head xs

A: Well, there is just a small amount of duplication, but lets get rid of it.
The key is that we can provide a defaults to Queue given that we know how to turn it into a list, furthermore provided with a queue we can make a list. Therefor we just add two functions to your definition, toList and fromList, and make sure that either giving toList and fromList, or giving the other functions, make a complete definition.
import Control.Arrow

class Queue q where
    empty :: q a
    empty = fromList []
    isEmpty :: q a -> Bool
    isEmpty = null . toList
    push :: a -> q a -> q a
    push a b = fromList (a : toList b)
    pop :: q a -> (a, q a)
    pop qs = (head . toList $ qs,fromList . tail . toList $ qs)
    top :: q a -> a
    top = head . toList
    toList :: q a -> [a]
    toList queue = if isEmpty queue then []
                   else uncurry (:) . second toList . pop $ queue
    fromList :: [a] -> q a
    fromList = foldr push empty

As you can see, any implementation of queue either has to provide toList and fromList or
the other functions, and so the implementations of your two queues become the following:
data Stack a = Stack [a] deriving (Show, Eq)

instance Queue Stack where
    toList (Stack a) = a
    fromList a = Stack a

data FifoQueue a = FifoQueue [a] deriving (Show, Eq)

instance Queue FifoQueue where
    toList (FifoQueue a) = a
    fromList a = FifoQueue a
    push x (FifoQueue xs) = FifoQueue (xs ++ [x])

A: You can shave off the two implementations for top if you add a default implementations in the Queue type class:
top = fst . pop

but besides that, I don't think there's much to do here. There isn't a lot of duplication, anyway.

A: It seems the "duplication" you are concerned about is the similarity in some of the implementation:
instance Queue Stack where
    empty = Stack []
    isEmpty (Stack xs) = null xs
    ...

instance Queue FifoQueue where
    empty = FifoQueue []
    isEmpty (FifoQueue xs) = null xs
    ...

But sadly, there just isn't a way to merge parts of these two instances. You could remove the typeclass, and simply have Stack and FifoQueue be two different constructors of the same type. From here, HaskellElephant's solutions mostly apply (substituting toList with lst).
data Queue a = Stack { lst :: [a] }
             | FifoQueue { lst :: [a] }
             deriving (Eq, Show)

-- "empty" obviously cannot be preserved as it was
-- you need to specify whether you want an empty Stack or empty FifoQueue
emptyS = Stack []
emptyQ = FifoQueue []

-- but some functions are the same either way
isEmpty = null . lst
top queue = head . lst

-- other functions behave *mostly* the same for both cases...
pop queue = (top queue, liftQ tail queue)

-- ...they just need a little helper to abstract over the slight difference
liftQ :: ([a] -> [b]) -> Queue a -> Queue b
liftQ f (Stack xs) = Stack (f xs)
liftQ f (FifoQueue xs) = FifoQueue (f xs)

-- then for functions where the implementation is completely different,
-- you just pattern match
push x (Stack xs) = Stack (x:xs)
push x (FifoQueue xs) = FifoQueue (xs ++ [x]) -- this is slow, by the way

The drawback to this, of course, is that instead of an open typeclass, your module now provides a closed ADT.

There is some middle ground, though. Sort of. Consider this alternate approach:
data QueueImpl q a = QueueImpl { _empty :: q a
                               , _isEmpty :: q a -> Bool
                               , _top :: q a -> a
                               , _pop :: q a -> (a, q a)
                               , _push :: a -> q a -> q a
                               }

-- partially applied constructor!
shared :: (a -> [a] -> [a]) -> QueueImpl [] a
shared = QueueImpl empty' isEmpty' top' pop'
  where empty' = []
        isEmpty' = null
        top' = head
        pop' (x:xs) = (x, xs)

stack :: QueueImpl [] a
stack = shared push'
  where push' = (:)

fifoQueue :: QueueImpl [] a
fifoQueue = shared push'
  where push' x = (++[x])

By turning the typeclass into a data type, we are able to partially apply the constructor, thus sharing implementations for most of the methods. The catch is that we don't have access to functions that are polymorphic in the same way as before. To access the methods we need to do top stack or top fifoQueue. This leads to some interesting changes in designing "polymorphic" functions: since we reified the typeclass, we need to pass in an implementation explicitly to any compound functions:
-- if you haven't figured out by now, "impl" is short for "implementation"
_push3 :: QueueImpl [] a -> a -> [a] -> [a]
_push3 impl x = push x . push x . push x
  where push = _push impl

-- _push3 as implemented by a stack:
sPush3 :: a -> [a] -> [a]
sPush3 = _push3 stack

Note that we lose out on some type safety here; the representation of both a Stack and FifoQueue is exposed as a raw list. There might be some newtype hackery that could make this a little safer. The takeaway message is this: each approach has its own advantages and drawbacks. Typeclasses are a Pretty Good Idea, but don't confuse them for a Silver Bullet; be aware of other options, such as these.