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How can we improve our criminal justice system?
Harsh crime-control policies are ineffective and lead to the racialization of the prison population. Canada needs to embrace restorative justice.
par	Navjot Kaur, Bavneet Chauhan 8 décembre 2021
Legal scholar Herbert L. Packer described two models of the criminal justice system: the crime-control model and the due-process model. The crime-control model focuses on harsh policies, laws and regulations. Its goal is to create swift and severe punishments for offenders. The due-process model, on the other hand, aims to promote policies that focus on individual rights. It tends to focus on fairness, justice and rehabilitation.
The dynamics of the crime-control model continue to reinforce prison as the default response to crime – an approach which is inadequate and deficient. A more restorative-justice/healing process for offenders would help foster human dignity, respect and well-being. That's why Canada should move away from the crime-control model in favour of a restorative-justice model.
It is important to understand how the concept of punishment is linked to broader social theories and phenomena. Émile Durkheim, a well-known French sociologist, emphasizes how punishment is functional for society as it reaffirms the collective conscience and social solidarity. His theory provides an explanation for how moral panics and the public's mass consumption of prison images in the media justify prisons and make people believe that they are the only way to deter crime and rehabilitate offenders.
Moving restorative justice into the mainstream
Marxist theory offers a holistic approach to the explanation of social life. It argues that society has a definite structure, as well as a central dynamic, which patterns social practices in specific and describable ways that connect various areas of social life. Marxist theory argues that the way economic and political activity is organized and controlled tend to shape the rest of society. These ideals are different from the legal and technical aspects of punishment, which tend to focus solely on deterring future criminal activity through laws that are retributive.
Retributive laws and policies focus on deterrence, denunciation and incapacitation. The truth is that crime-control, zero-tolerance and harsh policies do not work. The dominant retributive model of justice does not allow for healing the offenders because the purpose of incarceration is solely to punish them. Crime-control policies and harsh punishments lead to the increased racialization of prison populations, as well as the high levels of the marginalized and mentally ill in prisons. Crime-control policies and the punitive model of crime fail to look at how social and economic factors can make a person more prone to offend and ultimately get funneled into the criminal-justice system.
On the other hand, restorative-justice objectives look at how institutional and interpersonal relationships can address the issues of social domination that permeate through class, race, gender, culture, physical and mental ability, and sexual orientation. Restorative justice is a healing process, which focuses on social arrangements that foster human dignity, respect and well-being. The purpose of restorative justice is to address underlying systemic issues, provide victim-offender reintegration, restore harmony and address harm through various legal orders. This system further tries to help those marginalized individuals who are most vulnerable to experiencing discrimination and human rights violations to reintegrate back into society in a positive way.
Although restorative justice tries to move away from the punitive model of justice, there are some criticisms associated with restorative-justice policies as well. Many argue that the ideals associated with restorative justice can be implemented in society only once we start to question norms and alter existing social structures that make crime-control policies and the prison-punishment system necessary in the first place. There is a need for a new system of restorative justice that is based on social and economic justice, respect for all and restoration. Such a system is hard to implement in a social society where power and equality are not equally structured or equally distributed among members of the community. These inequalities and power differences legitimize the use of crime-control policies and the prison-punishment system, and pull the marginalized into the criminal justice system with the use of harsh laws and policies.
Given the failures of crime-control objectives and its exploitation of the most vulnerable populations in our society, Canada should move away from such harsh crime-control policies. We need restorative justice and a radical transformation in the way that we conceive justice and punishment. This is important because inmates need sustainable justice and rehabilitation. Alternative methods are needed to help the marginalized, those suffering from violence, mental health issues and drug addiction.
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Navjot Kaur
Navjot Kaur completed her juris doctorate degree at the University of Ottawa. Before law school, she completed an honours bachelor of arts degree in criminology and human rights and equity studies.
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Bavneet Chauhan
Bavneet Chauhan completed his juris doctorate degree at the University of Ottawa. Before law school, he completed an honours bachelor of arts degree in law and society, and a master's degree in criminology and social justice.
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par Navjot Kaur, Bavneet Chauhan. Originellement publié sur le site Web d'Options politiques

How can we improve our criminal justice system?

par Navjot Kaur, Bavneet Chauhan. Originellement publié sur le site Web d'Options politiques
décembre 8, 2021

Legal scholar Herbert L. Packer described two models of the criminal justice system: the crime-control model and the due-process model. The crime-control model focuses on harsh policies, laws and regulations. Its goal is to create swift and severe punishments for offenders. The due-process model, on the other hand, aims to promote policies that focus on individual rights. It tends to focus on fairness, justice and rehabilitation.

The dynamics of the crime-control model continue to reinforce prison as the default response to crime – an approach which is inadequate and deficient. A more restorative-justice/healing process for offenders would help foster human dignity, respect and well-being. That's why Canada should move away from the crime-control model in favour of a restorative-justice model.

It is important to understand how the concept of punishment is linked to broader social theories and phenomena. Émile Durkheim, a well-known French sociologist, emphasizes how punishment is functional for society as it reaffirms the collective conscience and social solidarity. His theory provides an explanation for how moral panics and the public's mass consumption of prison images in the media justify prisons and make people believe that they are the only way to deter crime and rehabilitate offenders.

Moving restorative justice into the mainstream

Marxist theory offers a holistic approach to the explanation of social life. It argues that society has a definite structure, as well as a central dynamic, which patterns social practices in specific and describable ways that connect various areas of social life. Marxist theory argues that the way economic and political activity is organized and controlled tend to shape the rest of society. These ideals are different from the legal and technical aspects of punishment, which tend to focus solely on deterring future criminal activity through laws that are retributive.

Retributive laws and policies focus on deterrence, denunciation and incapacitation. The truth is that crime-control, zero-tolerance and harsh policies do not work. The dominant retributive model of justice does not allow for healing the offenders because the purpose of incarceration is solely to punish them. Crime-control policies and harsh punishments lead to the increased racialization of prison populations, as well as the high levels of the marginalized and mentally ill in prisons. Crime-control policies and the punitive model of crime fail to look at how social and economic factors can make a person more prone to offend and ultimately get funneled into the criminal-justice system.

On the other hand, restorative-justice objectives look at how institutional and interpersonal relationships can address the issues of social domination that permeate through class, race, gender, culture, physical and mental ability, and sexual orientation. Restorative justice is a healing process, which focuses on social arrangements that foster human dignity, respect and well-being. The purpose of restorative justice is to address underlying systemic issues, provide victim-offender reintegration, restore harmony and address harm through various legal orders. This system further tries to help those marginalized individuals who are most vulnerable to experiencing discrimination and human rights violations to reintegrate back into society in a positive way.

Although restorative justice tries to move away from the punitive model of justice, there are some criticisms associated with restorative-justice policies as well. Many argue that the ideals associated with restorative justice can be implemented in society only once we start to question norms and alter existing social structures that make crime-control policies and the prison-punishment system necessary in the first place. There is a need for a new system of restorative justice that is based on social and economic justice, respect for all and restoration. Such a system is hard to implement in a social society where power and equality are not equally structured or equally distributed among members of the community. These inequalities and power differences legitimize the use of crime-control policies and the prison-punishment system, and pull the marginalized into the criminal justice system with the use of harsh laws and policies.

Given the failures of crime-control objectives and its exploitation of the most vulnerable populations in our society, Canada should move away from such harsh crime-control policies. We need restorative justice and a radical transformation in the way that we conceive justice and punishment. This is important because inmates need sustainable justice and rehabilitation. Alternative methods are needed to help the marginalized, those suffering from violence, mental health issues and drug addiction.

This article first appeared on Policy Options and is republished here under a Creative Commons license.
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Q: Update query won't work in mySQL I want to execute a query in MySQL but it won't work. This is the query:
Update chambre set nombre_lit = 5 and prix = 10000 where code_ch = 2

If I execute this script it works:
Update chambre set  prix = 10000 where code_ch = 2
Update chambre set nombre_lit = 5  where code_ch = 2

But I want to use only one line.

A: use COMMA if you have multiple columns to update instead of AND
UPDATE chambre
SET    nombre_lit = 5,
       prix = 10000
WHERE  code_ch = 2

A: try this:-
Update chambre set nombre_lit = 5 , prix = 10000 where code_ch = 2

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Fantastic And Profitable Bakery! Super Family Business- "Haymishe Bagel Shop" in the Heart Of Toronto, South Of Hwy 401. Bathurst and Lawrence, High Traffic Residential Area. Open 7 Days a Week. Owner is Willing To Train. Baking Goods, Catering, Homemade Soups, Quality Food And Products. Bakery Shop On Main Floor. Production In Lower Level. 3 Parking Spots At Rear & 3 Parking Spots At Front. Very Busy Intersection. Very Profitable And Reputable Business. Over 58 Years In Same Location. Recently Renovated and Totally Replaced Store and Bakery Equipment.


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Yugoslavia and Greece were invaded in April 1941 and surrendered before the end of the month. Germany and Italy divided Greece into occupation zones but did not eliminate it as a country. Yugoslavia, home to around 80,000 Jews, was dismembered; regions in the north were annexed by Germany and regions along the coast made part of Italy. The rest of the country was divided into the Independent State of Croatia, nominally an ally of Germany, and Serbia, which was governed by a combination of military and police administrators.[167] According to historian Jeremy Black, Serbia was declared free of Jews in August 1942.[168] Croatia's ruling party, the Ustashe, killed the country's Jews, and killed or expelled Orthodox Christian Serbs and Muslims.[167] Jews and Serbs alike were "hacked to death and burned in barns", according to Black. One difference between the Germans and Croatians was that the Ustashe allowed its Jewish and Serbian victims to convert to Catholicism so they could escape death.[168]
Behind the furnace was the execution chamber, a windowless cell twenty feet square with gas nozzles every few feet across the ceiling. Outside, in addition to the huge mound of charred bone fragments, were the carefully sorted and stacked clothes of the victims - which obviously numbered in the thousands. Although I stood there looking at it, I couldn't believe it. The realness of the whole mess is just gradually dawning on me, and I doubt if it will ever on you.
The prosecution entered indictments against 24 major war criminals[z] and seven organizations—the leadership of the Nazi party, the Reich Cabinet, the Schutzstaffel (SS), Sicherheitsdienst (SD), the Gestapo, the Sturmabteilung (SA) and the "General Staff and High Command". The indictments were for: participation in a common plan or conspiracy for the accomplishment of a crime against peace; planning, initiating and waging wars of aggression and other crimes against peace; war crimes; and crimes against humanity. The tribunal passed judgements ranging from acquittal to death by hanging.[458] Eleven defendants were executed, including Joachim von Ribbentrop, Wilhelm Keitel, Alfred Rosenberg, and Alfred Jodl. Ribbentrop, the judgement declared, "played an important part in Hitler's 'final solution of the Jewish question'".[459]
With the financial backing of several Jewish investors, including one of the owners, Abraham Bankier, Schindler signed an informal lease agreement on the factory on 13 November 1939 and formalised the arrangement on 15 January 1940.[b] He renamed it Deutsche Emailwarenfabrik (German Enamelware Factory) or DEF, and it soon became known by the nickname "Emalia".[25][26] He initially acquired a staff of seven Jewish workers (including Abraham Bankier, who helped him manage the company[27]) and 250 non-Jewish Poles.[28] At its peak in 1944, the business employed around 1,750 workers, a thousand of whom were Jews.[29] Schindler also helped run Schlomo Wiener Ltd, a wholesale outfit that sold his enamelware, and was leaseholder of Prokosziner Glashütte, a glass factory.[30]
Most of the Jewish ghettos of General Government were liquidated in 1942–1943, and their populations shipped to the camps for extermination.[349][350][t] About 42,000 Jews were shot during the Operation Harvest Festival on 3–4 November 1943.[351] At the same time, rail shipments arrived regularly from western and southern Europe at the extermination camps.[352] Few Jews were shipped from the occupied Soviet territories to the camps: the killing of Jews in this zone was mostly left in the hands of the SS, aided by locally recruited auxiliaries.[353][u]
A memorandum dated July 31, 1941, from Hitler's top commander Hermann Goering to Reinhard Heydrich, chief of the SD (the security service of the SS), referred to the need for an Endlösung (final solution) to "the Jewish question." Beginning in September 1941, every person designated as a Jew in German-held territory was marked with a yellow star, making them open targets. Tens of thousands were soon being deported to the Polish ghettoes and German-occupied cities in the USSR.
Discussing moral absolutes is effective in a classroom to encourage critical thinking and to help students develop a chosen, rather than an indoctrinated, moral ideology for themselves. Schindler's List is particularly effective here since it presents readers with two ethical questions that in fact have right and a wrong answers: was it ethically moral for the Nazis to attempt to eliminate ethnic Jewry, and was it ethical for Oskar Schindler to resist this attempt? The lesson here is that there are moral absolutes despite one's political or religious background. The lesson becomes even more effective when the follow up question: were Goeth and Schindler moral men is asked.
The city is served by Munich S-Bahn (S2) and Deutsche Bahn via Dachau railway station located in the South of the town. The station is also annexed to the central bus terminal. In Dachau the line S2 is split in two directions: Petershausen and Altomünster. Both lines are named S2 but with different direction names. The offshoot to Altomünster is also served by Dachau Stadt Railway Station which is much smaller than the main railway station. There are five bus lines which are operated by Stadtwerke Dachau: 719, 720, 722, 724 and 726. There is no tramway transport.
But if the 10,000 bodies found in the camp by the British liberators weren't victims of mass gassing, how did so many die in such a short time? It was easy for viewers of the British documentary film, made immediately after the liberation, to believe that the emaciated corpses were those of prisoners who had been deliberately starved to death by the evil Nazis, especially because the film made no mention of epidemics in the overcrowded camp, or that the camp was right in the middle of a war zone and had even been hit in an Allied bombing attack.
The American Military Tribunal proceeding against the Waffen-SS soldiers who were accused of shooting American POWs at Malmédy was also held at Dachau, as were the proceedings against the accused guards and staff at the Buchenwald, Mauthausen, Flossenbürg and Nordhausen concentration camps. The proceedings against the infamous Ilse Koch, dubbed the "Bitch of Buchenwald" by the press, also took place in Dachau. As the wife of the Commandant at Buchenwald, she was accused of selecting tattooed prisoners to be killed by her alleged lover, Dr. Waldemar Hoven, so that their skin could be made into human lamp shades to decorate her home.
Although Dachau was initially established to hold political prisoners of the Third Reich, only a minority of whom were Jews, Dachau soon grew to hold a large and diverse population of people targeted by the Nazis. Under the oversight of Nazi Theodor Eicke, Dachau became a model concentration camp, a place where SS guards and other camp officials went to train.
Weiss had previously been the Commandant of the Neuengamme concentration camp from 1940 to 1942. From September 1942 until the end of October 1943, Weiss was the Commandant of Dachau. During his time as the Commandant of Dachau, some of the worst atrocities had occurred, including the building of the gas chamber and the medical experiments conducted for the German air force. In spite of this, several former prisoners testified in his defense when he was put on trial at Dachau in the first American Military Tribunal in November 1945.
This photo was taken in April 1945, after liberation. Originally designed as a prisoner of war and transit camp, Bergen-Belsen was to house 10,000 prisoners. From March 1944, Bergen-Belsen became a "regular concentration camp" with new prisoners arriving who were too sick to work at other camps. Some 35,000 to 40,000 inmates died of starvation, overcrowding, hard labor and disease or were killed.
In 1942, fifteen Nazi leaders met at a conference in Wannsee, Germany to discuss the "Jewish Question". Their job was to decide the most efficient way to exterminate the Jews. They decided that Jews would be sent to extermination camps where they would be sent to showers. But instead of water coming out of the faucet, they faced their death when poisonous Zyklon-B gas leaked through the showerheads to suffocate them. This decision at the conference is called the "Final Solution."
Außenlager Unterlüß-Altensothrieth (Tannenberglager) east of Bergen was in use from late August 1944 to April 13, 1945. It was located at Unterlüß, where the Rheinmetall-Borsig AG had a large test site. Up to 900 female Polish, Hungarian, Romanian, Yugoslavian and Czech Jews had to clear forest, do construction work or work in munitions production.[10]:204

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Home News Too $hort & Richie Rich Are "Hog Ridin" In New Video
Too $hort & Richie Rich Are "Hog Ridin" In New Video
As we've been reporting Too $hort will be dropping his 19th solo album, "No TrespASSing", on February 28th and in recent month has been relentlessly promoting with music and video from the release.
In recent weeks alone $hort has been releasing back to back visuals to tracks off "No TrespASSing," first up was Money On The Floor with E-40, Hey with Silk-E, Double Header alongside Wallpaper and just a few days ago he was back with the video for I Got Caught featuring Martin Luther.
Today we have a video for "Hog Ridin" which features fellow legend and veteran Richie Rich – watch it below.
Too $hort – Hog Ridin' (Feat. Richie Rich) (Video)
Look out for dubcnn's interview with Short and for the "No TrespASSing" which drops February 28th featuring collaborations with Snoop Dogg, 50 Cent, Twista, Rico Tha Kidd and Dom Kennedy.
Previous articleYoung Keno & Buccweet "Talk About It" On New Single
Next articleExclusive: E-40 "Function" VIdeo Shoot Behind The Scenes
mailto:rud@dubcnn.com
Owner, Founder, CEO of DubCNN.com. A passion for Westcoast Hip-hop as a fan, has led to over two decades of driving the scene under DubCNN, breaking talent, supporting vets and bringing fans and artists together.


text:
Q: Laravel 9 - Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails I'm having this error that comes out when I try to make an insert to db

SQLSTATE[23000]: Integrity constraint violation: 1452 Cannot add or
update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails
(chiocciolina.orders_detail, CONSTRAINT
orders_detail_order_id_foreign FOREIGN KEY (order_id) REFERENCES
orders_grid (id) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE)

Table 1:
        Schema::create('orders_grid', function (Blueprint $table) {
        $table->id();
        $table->integer('id_agente')->unsigned()->index();
        $table->tinyText('canale');
        $table->integer('codice_cliente')->unsigned();
        $table->integer('codice_destinazione')->unsigned();
        $table->timestamp('data_ordine');
        $table->date('data_richiesta')->nullable();
        $table->tinyText('tipologia',1);
        $table->integer('edi_id')->nullable();
        $table->string('edi_company',5)->nullable();
        $table->string('edi_doctype',2)->nullable();
        $table->integer('jde_id')->nullable();
        $table->string('jde_company',5)->nullable();
        $table->string('jde_doctype',2)->nullable();
        $table->integer('stato_ordine')->default(0);
        $table->decimal('total_order',8,2)->unsigned()->nullable();
        $table->text('note_consegna')->nullable();
        $table->timestamps();
    });

Table 2:
        Schema::create('orders_detail', function (Blueprint $table) {
        $table->id();
        $table->foreignId('order_id')->constrained('orders_grid')->onUpdate('cascade')->onDelete('cascade');
        $table->integer('nr_riga')->unsigned();
        $table->string('codice_articolo',25);
        $table->integer('quantita')->unsigned();
        $table->decimal('prezzo',6,4)->unsigned();
        $table->timestamps();
    });

What's wrong in this code? I followed this documentation
https://laravel.com/docs/9.x/migrations#foreign-key-constraints
P.S. Also why when i set a column to float on migration it converts it to double in mysql?
Thanks for help


Good work uses no thing without respect, both for what it is in itself and for its origin. It uses neither tool nor material that it does not respect and that it does not love. It honors nature as a great mystery and power, as an indispensable teacher, and as the inescapable judge of all work of human hands. It does not dissociate life and work, or pleasure and work, or love and work, or usefulness and beauty. To work without pleasure or affection, to make a product that is not both useful and beautiful, is to dishonor God, nature, the thing that is made, and whomever it is made for. This is blasphemy: to make shoddy work of the work of God.


text:
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Paul, Weiss Aids in Connecticut Win Allowing Gun Violence Victims to Sue Gun Makers
In a landmark ruling opening a path for gun violence victims' families to hold gun makers accountable, the Connecticut Supreme Court reversed the dismissal of claims filed by Sandy Hook victims' families against the manufacturers, distributors and sellers of the AR-15 military assault rifle that was used to kill their family members in a 2012 attack in an elementary school in Newtown, Conn. Paul, Weiss submitted two amicus briefs in support of the families in the case, Soto et al. v. Bushmaster et al.
The court reversed the trial court's dismissal of plaintiffs' claim that defendants' advertisements promoting the AR-15's suitability for combat-style missions and other illegal civilian uses constituted unfair practices under Connecticut's Unfair Trade Practices Act (CUTPA) and enhanced the lethality of the Sandy Hook shooting. A key issue in the suit was whether the plaintiffs had standing to sue under CUTPA even though they were not purchasers of the product at the heart of the suit.
In a ruling described by The New York Times as a "major blow" to the firearms industry, the court overruled the trial court's holding that plaintiffs lacked standing under CUTPA because they were third parties without a direct business relationship with defendants. In doing so, it adopted the position advocated by Paul, Weiss in an amicus brief filed with the Giffords Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence. In that brief, Paul, Weiss and Giffords conducted a comprehensive review of the treatment of comparable legislation in 50 states to argue that CUTPA did permit suits by non-purchasers. Analyzing both the plain language of the statute and comparable statutes from every other state in the country, the brief argued that CUTPA was modeled on multiple other statutes, all of which had been interpreted to provide standing, thus giving the court a road map to reverse the lower court's decision.
Paul, Weiss also filed a second amicus brief in this action, on behalf of emergency room physicians and trauma surgeons who have treated patients shot by assault rifles, including in the mass shootings in Aurora, Columbine, Newtown, and San Bernardino. The physicians argued that the AR-15 and similar military assault weapons create a class of unacceptable emergencies and trauma and pose a severe public health risk. The court picked up on those descriptions in its opinion, explaining that these weapons can cause "maximum carnage with extreme efficiency." The court also cited the physicians' explanation that assault weapons advertisements can activate people who are predisposed to violence.
The CUTPA amicus team was led by firm chairman Brad Karp and litigation partner Christopher Boehning, of counsel Joyce Huang and Sidney Rosdeitcher and litigation associate Kristina Bunting.
The ER physicians' amicus brief was led by litigation associate Rebecca Dell and Rebecca Dell's father, Michael Dell, a partner at Kramer, Levin, Naftalis & Frankel. Litigation partner Allan Arffa supervised the matter.
Events & Publications
Jennifer H. Wu to Deliver Keynote Speech at Annual NYSBA Women in Law Section Symposium
Litigation partner Jennifer H. Wu will deliver the keynote speech, "Raising Our Voices for Equity: Good Leadership and Leading for Good," at the Women in Law Section's 18th Annual Edith I. Spivack Symposium during the New York State…
Liza Velazquez Quoted in ALM Corporate Counsel
Litigation partner Liza Velazquez was quoted in an article, "Major Companies, Legal Chiefs Step Up to Support Equal Rights Amendment," published in ALM Corporate Counsel.
Paul, Weiss Files Amicus Brief in D.C. Circuit on Behalf of a Broad Coalition of Businesses in Support of the Equal Rights Amendment
A group of 86 companies whose businesses span every sector of the U.S. economy have proudly come together as signatories to an amicus brief in the D.C. Court of Appeals in support of the certification of the Equal Rights Amendment as…
Jeannie Rhee Featured in National Law Journal for Work on Civil Rights Lawsuits
Litigation partner Jeannie Rhee was featured in an interview by the National Law Journal on the anniversary of the U.S. Capitol insurrection.
Alexia Korberg Featured on In Loco Parent(i)s Podcast
Litigation partner Alexia Korberg was interviewed on "In Loco Parent(i)s," a podcast about lawyering and parenting hosted by Karen and Steve Vladeck.
Karen Dunn to Participate in Event on the Historic Trial Victory Against the Hate Groups Behind the "Unite the Right" Violence
Litigation partner Karen Dunn will participate in a virtual event, "#SuedANazi and won," hosted by Integrity First for America (IFA).
Jessica Carey and Ken Gallo Featured in AmLaw's "Litigation Leaders" Column
Litigation Department Co-Chairs Jessica Carey and Ken Gallo were featured in The American Lawyer's latest "Litigation Leaders" column.
Karen Dunn Co-Authors Op-Ed in The Washington Post
Litigation partner Karen Dunn co-wrote an op-ed with Kaplan Hecker & Fink founding partner Roberta Kaplan, published in The Washington Post.
Jeannie Rhee Speaks at NAPABA Convention on Her Pro Bono Achievements
Litigation partner Jeannie Rhee was honored with a Pro Bono Award at the 2021 National Asian Pacific American Bar Association's Convention.
Lawrence Wee and Jennifer Wu Discuss Importance of Fairness and Equality at NAPABA Convention
Paul, Weiss received the National Asian Pacific American Bar Association (NAPABA)'s Law Firm Diversity Award. Corporate partner Lawrence Wee and litigation partner Jennifer Wu accepted the award on behalf of the firm at the 2021…
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Karen Dunn Featured in Reuters' "Pro Bono Heroes" Column
Litigation partner Karen Dunn was featured in Reuters' monthly "Pro Bono Heroes" column.
Jessica Carey Named Notable Woman in Law by Crain's New York Business
Litigation partner Jessica Carey was named to Crain's New York Business's 2022 "Notable Women in Law" list, celebrating talented female attorneys in the New York City metropolitan area.
Paul, Weiss Attorneys Honored by The Legal Aid Society
The Legal Aid Society honored 32 current and former Paul, Weiss attorneys with the Pro Bono Publico Award for outstanding pro bono service.
Paul, Weiss Recognized Among the Nation's Most Innovative Law Firms in the Financial Times Innovative Lawyers Report
Paul, Weiss was recognized among the most innovative law firms in North America by the Financial Times in the 2021 Innovative Lawyers Report.
Karen Dunn Named "Litigator of the Week" by The American Lawyer for Historic Verdict Against Charlottesville "Unite the Right" Rally Organizers
The American Lawyer recognized litigation partner Karen Dunn as a "Litigator of the Week" for her part in the $26 million jury verdict against white supremacist and neo-Nazi groups in federal district court in Charlottesville.
The American Lawyer Profiles Paul, Weiss Litigation Department as a "Litigation Department of the Year" Finalist
Paul, Weiss's Litigation Department was featured in The American Lawyer as a finalist for the publication's biennial "Litigation Department of the Year" award.
Peter Borock Wins Cornerstone Award for Affordable Housing Pro Bono Work
Real estate associate Peter Borock will be recognized with Lawyers Alliance's Cornerstone Award.
Paul, Weiss Shortlisted in Five Categories for the Financial Times Innovative Lawyers North America 2021
Paul, Weiss was shortlisted for the Financial Times Innovative Lawyers North America 2021 awards in five categories.
Paul, Weiss To Be Recognized by New Yorkers Against Gun Violence
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Pakistan has nuclear weapon stockpile of 110 to 130 warheads: US experts
Updated Oct 22, 2015 | 08:00 IST
Pakistan has a nuclear weapon stockpile of 110 to 130 warheads, an increase from 90 to 110 in 2011, and by 2025 it could emerge as the 5th largest nuclear power, the latest Nuclear Notebook report by Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists says.
The Nuclear Notebook, one of the most authoritative sources of information on Pakistan's nuclear capabilities, also says in its report that Pakistan continues to expand its nuclear arsenal and production of fissile material.
More importantly, the report by acclaimed nuclear expert Hans Kristensen and Robert Norris also again confirms that Pakistan is developing short-range nuclear capable missiles for the purpose of dominating any invasion by Indian troops. These could be used also to dominate any low-intensity conflict with India, say Indian security officials. Pakistan had Tuesday for the first time declared that it was in possession of tactical, non strategic nuclear weapons which it would use in the event of any Indian aggression.
"One of the most controversial new nuclear-capable missiles in the Pakistani arsenal is the NASR (Hatf-9), a shortrange, solid-fuel missile with a range of only 60 km (37 miles). With a range too short to attack strategic targets inside India, NASR appears intended for battlefield use against invading Indian troops," says the report, which will be released in the US on Thursday.
Ahead of the release, Kristensen told reporters that Pakistan's tactical nuclear weapons were intended more for use against a large Indian conventional invasion and occupation of Pakistani territory and not any limited anti-terror operation on Pakistani territory.
"That's not to say that such an act would not be seen as a grave violation of Pakistan's sovereignty and met with a forceful conventional military response. But an Indian strike against a terrorist camp would probably be small in size, limited in scope, focused, and brief," he said.
"Yet even a brief anti-terrorist strike could easily escalate to a larger conventional confrontation that carries with it the risk and dangers of further escalation to nuclear weapons use," he added.
According to the report, with several delivery systems in development, four operating plutonium production reactors, and uranium facilities, Pakistan's stockpile will likely increase over the next 10 years but by how much will depend on many things.
"Two key factors will be how many nuclear-capable launchers Islamabad plans to deploy, and how much the Indian nuclear arsenal grows. Based on Pakistan's performance over the past 20 years and its current and anticipated weapons deployments, the authors estimate that its stockpile could realistically grow to 220 to 250 warheads by 2025, making it the world's fifth largest nuclear weapon state," says the report.
According to the report, there are also signs that Pakistan is developing a nuclear weapon -initially probably a nuclear-capable cruise missile - for deployment on submarines.
Photo credit: Indiatimes, Representative image
Indo Nepal connectivity gets boost with rail extension
Salman schools Rubina after she spits laddoo during a task
Earliest known cave art by humans found in Indonesia


With all documents submitted, the Seoul police department has begun its investigation into the spread of HyunA pregnancy rumors.
When initial reports surfaced that HyunA was impregnated by her Trouble Maker group mate Hyunseung, Cube Entertainment, the artists' agency, promised to take legal action against those who started and spread the rumors. The company has gathered and submitted the pertinent documents to the authorities, allowing them the police to start its official investigation.
Seoul's Cyber Crime team has taken the lead in the case's investigation. A representative informed the media that they had begun working on the case.
HyunA's pregnancy rumors started when a false report made to resemble a real one was circulated online. The slanderous nature of the report prompted Cube Entertainment to take legal action against those responsible.


What became known as Monday morning disease is a condition that was first associated with work horses that enjoyed a day of rest and a regular grain ration on Sundays. Once they once again took up their work the following morning, they began tying-up, which was evidences by such symptoms as stiff muscles, cramping, unreasonable sweating, rapid breathing, and a general unwillingness to move.
Sporadic occurrences may be traced back to localized muscle strain. As such, it is a very common occurrence, especially if the horse is not properly warmed up prior to exertion, if there is an issue of lameness, or if the horse is over-exercised. This muscle strain can be traced via a blood test checking for creatine kinase which enters the bloodstream once muscles incur some damage. If you find that your horse is suffering from a sporadic occurrence of tying-up, you will want to rest it in a stall with plenty of fresh water available to it. Depending on the severity of the symptoms, your horse may or may not require pain relievers. You will want to contact your vet to make that determination.
For those horses suffering from chronic tying-up, you will want to consider a change in diet. This should include a high quality hay feed as well as a mineral and vitamin supplement. Additionally, if the muscles have been obviously damaged by a bout of over-exercising, your will want to give those animals a longer rest period – usually a couple of months – and then gradually resume the training. At that point you may also increase the amount of grain you feed. Once the horse is back to its pre-injury performance level, consider feeds with high levels of fat since they are more energy-dense.
Should you own a horse that is affected by chronic tying-up, make sure to get this diagnosis via a blood test which checks – among other things – the serum chemistry as well as the vitamin E concentration, and also via a urine test that measures the electrolytes. In extreme cases, muscle biopsies may be required. The latter have indicated that there are at least two kinds of tying-up: Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy is found in warm bloods, draft breeds, and also breeds associated with quarter horses and the more serious Equine Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy which is found usually in draft breeds only.
To counteract this condition, horses will benefit from daily rations of rice bran as well as grass hay, since both have been indicated as reducing blood glucose as well as insulin and muscle glycogen. In addition to the foregoing, high fat feeds or supplementation with vegetable oil – in part to reduce excitability - may also be required. To prevent further episodes of typing-up, exercise should be resumed gradually once blood serum levels are once again within the normal range; within 24 hours of a bout with tying up, a daily turnout in a paddock is actually recommended.
Read the next horse diseases article on Moonblindness - Recurrent Uveitis.


Whether it is just for a few hours or overnight – we do not envisage our guests staying any longer – you will be pampered and receive a similar type and standard of hospitality you have received (or are about to receive) in the small, luxurious properties of the Southern Tanzanian game parks and the Indian Ocean Islands. And when it is time to leave for the airport, the chauffeur is waiting – It's all part of the service.
The Oyster Bay Hotel is set in the Oyster Bay district of Dar es Salaam in Tanzania. Positioned just 20-minutes' drive outside of the metropolis, on the Msasani Peninsular, the Tanzania hotel affords its guests sea views and a quiet location, away from the hubbub of downtown.
Every consideration has been made to ensure that guests, however short their stay, enjoy a relaxing time that will forever stay embedded in their minds. The Oyster Bay Hotel is the perfect stop over for visitors en route to the Tanzania safari circuits, Mount Kilimanjaro or the islands.
The 8 sea facing suites provide refreshing Dar es Salaam accommodation to 16 guests. Interiors combine modern and antique furnishings with an African flair. All the rooms are incredibly spacious and airy with either king-sized or two twin beds. French-doors opening onto an ocean-facing balcony and a large en-suite bathroom with a free-standing bath and a stylish, walk-through shower are some of the features to expect in each suite.
The public areas of Oyster Bay Hotel include spacious lounges and terraces overlooking beautiful sculpted gardens. The hotel also boasts a gazebo, dining area and swimming pool and deck.
Meals are served regularly during the day and you can expect to feast on a range of local and international dishes, prepared according to your preferences and tastes. Guests have an option to eat in the dining room, on the terrace or on the pool deck, if the weather permits.
The Oyster Bay Hotel is situated overlooking the beach, offering even more places to enjoy a break after your Tanzania safari and a few nights of relaxation before heading back to the hustle and bustle of everyday life.
Sample great food in the dining room, on the terrace or pool deck.


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Dr Boyce Watkins presents: The secrets to thinking like a millionaire
Most people find the wealth-building puzzle to be confusing, difficult and insurmountable. But it doesn't have to be that way. Dr Boyce Watkins, a PhD in Finance, has completed a lecture that will change the way you view wealth, money and everything in between.
In this powerful lecture, Dr Watkins explains the ways that wealthy people view money and how this difference in mindset shapes economic outcomes, both large and small. Dr Watkins explains the essence of money, how to obtain it, and who tends to win the economic race.
Watch this powerful lecture with the entire family and you'll soon find yourselves elevated, empowered, and strategically positioned to create your own opportunities.
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Friday January 15 2021
QC John Watt facing child sex abuse charges to be extradited
Marcello Mega
Monday August 24 2020, 12.01am, The Times
The Police Scotland investigation started when Susie Henderson made allegations against some of the country's leading lawyers
A Scottish lawyer is set to be extradited from America to face charges of child sexual abuse.
John Watt, QC, a former prosecutor, is accused of sexual assaults on four children in the 1970s and 1980s.
One of them is Susie Henderson, now 53, whose claims of a paedophile ring in the Scottish legal establishment led to a six-year police investigation. Among those she accused of sexual offences against children was Sir Nicholas Fairbairn, QC, the late Tory MP.
Mr Watt, 70, could be in Scotland by October after a US judge approved his removal despite his claims that his extradition should be stopped for "humanitarian" reasons due to the Covid-19 pandemic.
A federal court judge in Oklahoma rejected the request from Mr Watt, who


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Dr Liam Fox MP - The Times - "Untethered from the EU, the UK must shape its place in the wider globe"
https://www.thetimes.co.uk/edition/comment/untethered-from-the-eu-the-u… Finally, after two generations of political tethering, the United Kingdom is free from the European Union. Whatever its merits for those who genuinely believe in the concept of ever-closer union, the EU was always an unnatural berth for a country that has traditionally looked...
Dr Liam Fox speaks in the House of Commons on Covid-19
Dr Liam Fox When a friend of mine in Switzerland called this morning to say that the covid debate in the UK had become extremely polarised, it made me think...
Dr Liam Fox MP - The Telegraph - "Hesitancy to get a shot will cost lives. It's our duty to call out conspiracists"
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2021/01/11/hesitancy-get-shot-will-cos… When the World Health Organisation set out its top 10...
Dr Liam Fox speaks in the House of Commons on Global Britain
Dr Liam Fox Naturally, I am glad that we have finally left the European Union in all its manifestations, which I always believed was an unnatural berth for a...
Dr Liam Fox speaks in the House of Commons on the Chancellors Economic Update
Dr Liam Fox Given the state of public finances, and as we look to the post-covid recovery, will my right hon. Friend resist any calls, in his forthcoming Budget...
Dr Liam Fox speaks to BBC Points West on Vaccinations
Dr Liam Fox speaks in the House of Commons on Public Health
Dr Liam Fox May I begin by acknowledging the difficulty of the task faced by Health Ministers and the Prime Minister in this crisis? We have a proportion of the...
Dr Liam Fox May I congratulate my right hon. Friend on getting a world-leading vaccine strategy going? Clearly, its success will depend on the availability of...
Dr Liam Fox speaks in the House of Commons on European Union (Future Relationship) Bill
Dr Liam Fox Those of us who voted and campaigned to leave the European Union did so for a number of reasons. I was always a constitutional leaver. For me, the...
Dr Liam Fox MP - The Sun - "Leaving the EU gives us the opportunity to become a genuinely global Britain"
To read Dr Fox's latest piece for The Sun titled "Today, the Chancellor should aim to boost an unambiguously private sector-led recovery" click the link below...


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Fact Checker
The 202s
Redistricting tracker
If Biden's political fortunes are tied to the pandemic, omicron could signal trouble
President Biden delivered remarks on the threat posed by the omicron coronavirus variant on Nov. 29, encouraging Americans to get vaccinated. (Reuters)
By Tyler Pager
Annie Linskey
November 30, 2021 at 2:05 p.m. EST
ROSEMOUNT, Minn. — President Biden and his aides have long asserted that ending the pandemic would revive his political fortunes, as Americans give him credit for lifting the coronavirus's threat and begin to appreciate his other accomplishments, from climate to infrastructure.
But the emergence of the omicron variant raises the prospect that the corner will not be decisively turned on covid for the foreseeable future, as variants continue to crop up, many Americans continue to resist vaccines and experts differ on what restrictions are necessary.
That could pose a daunting political threat to the president, whose party already faces severe head winds heading toward the midterm elections and a potentially tricky reelection battle.
"We're never going to go back to normal. Personally, I don't think I will ever get on a plane without wearing a mask," said Patti Solis Doyle, a Democratic strategist who worked closely with Biden during Barack Obama's 2008 presidential campaign.
Still, she argued that Biden deserves more praise for the major advances that have been made against covid.
"The administration has gotten us to a place where we can do things, where we can see our family and our friends and go shopping and go to a movie and do the things that bring back normalcy into our lives," Solis Doyle said. "I don't think he gets enough credit for that."
That credit continues to prove elusive. Biden's approval ratings have dropped, a close ally lost the Virginia governor's race, Democrats are bracing for midterm losses and voters have been slow to reward him for his legislative successes.
The White House insists all that will change once covid is in the rearview mirror. Since omicron's emergence in recent days, Biden has sought to deliver two at times discordant messages: that great vigilance is required and that life should proceed apace.
White House seeks funds to address omicron
Moderna CEO: current vaccines could be less effective against omicron
The whiplash is on full display this week. As the president gave a speech Monday about the ominous new variant, he was surrounded by festive Christmas decorations, a reminder that the holiday season is in full swing as Americans nervously await more details on how dangerous omicron is, if at all.
On Tuesday, Biden traveled to Minnesota, a state that's currently hobbled by the third-highest rate of coronavirus infections in the country, to tout his infrastructure plan, seeking to keep a focus on his social agenda amid the new fears.
And Biden continues to maintain that life can return to a pre-pandemic calm.
"I expect this not to be the new normal," he said Monday when asked if the country should get used to the idea of new variants and occasional rounds of travel restrictions.
But that, he said, relies on vastly higher vaccination rates, a goal that has so far eluded the administration.
"I expect the new normal to be everyone ends up getting vaccinated and the booster shot," he said, "so we reduce the number of people who aren't protected to such a low degree that we're not seeing the spread of these viruses."
To the extent Biden has struggled to get covid behind him, his allies argue that is almost entirely the fault of Republican leaders who are mounting a culture war against a safe, widely available coronavirus vaccine.
Even so, they say Biden faces a challenge in pressing his long-term vision, especially his infrastructure and social spending bills, while also addressing the immediate anxieties surrounding the new variant.
"There was an impression that covid was going to be almost like polio," said Sen. Tina Smith (D-Minn.), who accompanied Biden as he visited her state. "It was a terrible disease. There was going to be inoculation and then it would disappear."
Instead, she said: "We're now I think realizing that that's not going to be the way it is. It's going to be like an endemic. It will probably get less and less severe over time — that seems to be the path of this virus — and so it's going to have to be something that we get used to living with, and the best way of course of living with it is by getting vaccinated and getting boosted."
That is a tricker message than simply declaring victory at some point. And omicron is emerging at a moment when Biden had been hoping to push the benefits of his legislative agenda.
What we know about omicron
During his remarks in Rosemount, Minn., which lasted about 30 minutes, Biden stood in front of a truck with a big blue sign saying, "Bipartisan Infrastructure Law."
He only briefly referred to covid. "We're going to keep fighting through this, as we did with the original virus and with the delta variant," Biden said. "And we're also going to keep our historic economic growth moving."
Instead, he spent most of his time selling his legislative agenda, saying it would bring high-speed Internet to the entire country and replace lead pipelines in states like Minnesota.
About 260,000 pipes would be replaced in that state alone, Biden said. "We're going to rebuild this economy from the bottom up in the middle out," he said.
Biden also visited Dakota County Technical College (DCTC), a trip intended to emphasize that most of the jobs created by the infrastructure law will not require a four-year degree. DCTC is the type of institution that will provide the training and skills needed for those jobs, White House officials said.
Rep. Ro Khanna (D-Calif.) said infrastructure is a "very important long-term investment" that will spur job creation, and Democrats should pursue an aggressive strategy to sell the plan. But he warned that the president and Democratic lawmakers also need to quickly pivot to explaining that they are relentlessly focused on the most pressing challenges.
"We have to level with the American people and meet them where they are," Khanna said. "People don't measure their lives in macroeconomic statistics. They don't measure their life by saying, 'Where is GDP growth?' They just have a feeling, 'How am I doing?' A lot of people feel anxious, and we ought to appreciate that and be straight with them."
He added, "We need to speak to the two most immediate needs on Americans' minds: The disruption and the threat that covid continues to cause and the challenges that Americans continue to face with higher prices and disruptions in supply chains in the economy."
Some of Biden's allies said voters would not blame the president for new variants and a dragged out pandemic, arguing that Americans are becoming accustomed to the risks posed by covid and learning to live with them.
"I don't think people give him demerits because there's an omicron variant," said John Anzalone, one of Biden's pollsters during his presidential campaign. "People weren't blaming Trump for covid. They were blaming him for not having a plan to handle it."
Still, White House officials have said privately for weeks that the key to Biden bouncing back in the polls is for covid to recede firmly in the rearview mirror, giving him a clear-cut victory on the biggest crisis facing the country and allowing him a free hand to focus on his other accomplishments.
The infrastructure package was a major bipartisan win, and Democrats believe they are close to passing a wide-ranging social spending bill that will tackle such issues as climate and universal pre-K. Those packages combined, along with an economy that appears to be rebounding, albeit with hiccups, could give Biden and Democrats a solid record.
But it will be hard to tout that record if voters remain frustrated at the persistence of the pandemic.
Biden's schedule this week is a mixture of events that highlight his covid mitigation efforts with events intended to showcase legislative and administrative victories.
On Monday, he met with corporate leaders to focus attention on his efforts to ease blockades to the supply chain.
Later this week, he is scheduled to visit the National Institutes of Health, where he promises to unveil what he called a "detailed strategy" for fighting covid this winter, as more Americans spend time indoors.
Biden said the plan, which he will roll out Thursday, will avoid major disruptions to Americans' lives, like the shutdowns that defined the early period of the pandemic, and will instead focus on testing and increasing vaccination rates.
"People have basically made a decision to define what their new normal is," Anzalone said. "People are just looking for information. They didn't find it from Trump."
Biden has also been trying to remind Americans how much more their lives were disrupted last year before vaccines were widely available and how, by comparison, conditions have improved vastly.
"A year ago, America was floundering against the first variant of covid," Biden said Monday in an address on omicron from the Roosevelt Room. "We beat that variant significantly, and then we got hit by a far more powerful threat: the delta variant. But we took action, and now we're seeing deaths from delta come down."
He added, "We will move forward now in the face of the omicron variant as well."
Biden sought to illustrate this himself, celebrating his traditional Thanksgiving holiday on Nantucket this year with a family event that he had to cancel in 2020 because of covid restrictions.
His trip included eating indoors with his extended family at the Nantucket Tap Room and walking the cobblestone streets of the island's historic downtown to visit shops.
He started the holiday with a note of bravado. Calling into a broadcast of the traditional Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade, which was revived after a hiatus last year caused by the pandemic, Biden sounded triumphant.
"After two years, you're back. America is back," Biden told Al Roker, the longtime host of the event. "There's nothing we're unable to overcome, Al."
But within 24 hours, the country was doomscrolling for information about omicron and Biden had announced a travel ban from southern African countries.
Linskey reported from Washington.
President Joe Biden: What you need to know
Liberal policy promises fall flat as Biden's plans wither
'One of those weeks': From voting rights to vaccines, Biden experiences the limits of his office — and the fragility of his presidency
Analysis: As Biden ends his first year amid many challenges, is there a second act ahead?
The Biden Cabinet: Who has been selected
Biden appointees: Who is filling key roles


"Green" RVing promoter Brian Brawdy shows off his rolling office and home -- a truck camper pulling a travel trailer in this TV segment promoting the recent Tampa RV Show. Brawdy describes his latest project, the SRMR (Self Reliant Mobile Residence). Learn about how he created his solar- and wind-powered home on wheels, and hear him answer the question "Could you live independently in this (self-contained RV setup) indefinitely?"


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a cultural forum in ever-shifting standing
Follow Your Ears
The Bat Segundo Show
Modern Library Reading Challenge
Ed Walks
Why I Will Not Be Celebrating the Fourth of July
How to Write Audio Drama
Joe Biden is a Decent Man, Goddammit!
Tag / policy
May 27, 2018 by Edward Champion
We've Updated Our Privacy Policy
In compliance with the European Union, we hereby update our privacy policy.
GDPR, Privacy
gdpr, policy, Privacy
Edward Champion is committed to bringing you the most truthful and bracing accounts of our modern world, whether the stories are fiction or nonfiction. And we want to make sure that you're aware of some updates to our Privacy Policy so that we may better comply with one of the European Union's newfangled progressive acronyms. It will help you better understand how and why we collect and use certain information pertaining to your life experience.
Information Collected Automatically: When you use Edward Champion — and by "use," we mean this to encompass any social encounter, communication, or shared experience — it could be the subject of a future essay or a story told in audio drama format, sometimes many years after the events have transpired. Edward Champion is a writer, after all, and, as such, a desperate scavenger. We may write about the experience explicitly in an email or in our journals or through some embarrassing Facebook post within 24 hours of the transpired event. We may talk it out with our friends so that we may better understand what happened. Edward Champion often takes steps to always have "the first draft of history" at our disposal. If if the experience leaves a lasting impression, then there's a pretty good chance that our subconscious will be unable to refrain from feeling or thinking about it. This is because Edward Champion is equipped with something that our development team refers to as the Human Heart. While we may possibly collect certain details involving times, names, and places, we wish to assure you that our processing methods are largely spontaneous and you will probably never know if you were the inspiration or the source of something unless the data matches pretty closely with the final product, in which case we will feel morally obliged to inform you.
Information Collected by Accident: Edward Champion has been known to become so curious about an esoteric topic that he will fritter away afternoons trying to confirm the details of some half-remembered TV show or a beautiful novel he no longer has in his possession or an obscure French film he watched in his twenties. Or he may be curious about the fate of a once beloved figure who nobody talks about anymore. He may, in the course of his considerable hunger for information, go to libraries and you may find him at a microfilm machine somewhere within the greater New York area. It is also possible that Edward Champion's collection of this information will be all for naught, merely an exercise to get back to the thread of what he was attempting to write about in the first place. During the course of this information collection, his head will likely be filled up with facts and he may be misidentified as an expert, simply because he tends to be a sponge, often remembering details that others forget.
Cookies: Edward Champion sometimes eats cookies when he is nervous and may do so during the act of writing. This will likely not affect you in any way, but if the European Union requires us to upload pictures of us eating cookies, we will do so to Instagram, which the European Union has declared as the arbitration venue for all cookie-eating disputes. We will not collect any cookies from you or ask you to make them for us, unless you are invited to Edward Champion's domicile of creation and all parties have agreed to a bakeoff formally communicated through a hastily composed text message. We may, however, bake cookies for you and distribute these quite whimsically and randomly.
Data Retention: Edward Champion is not as much of a packrat as he used to be. But he does live with a lot of books and will likely buy your latest volume if he really likes you or thinks that your work is the cat's pajamas.
Updating Your Account: At any time, you can choose not to read or partake in Edward Champion's creations. We realize that Edward Champion can be a rather intense person, even though any perceived intensity is largely by accident and he is fairly easygoing in person. If you have difficulties with Edward Champion or you feel that your user experience has been misunderstood, he will likely meet up with you in a bar and buy you a beer and talk about your user experience in the interest of ensuring that all parties understand each other and that they laugh about the great follies of life on a more frequent basis.
Third Parties: Edward Champion will probably speak glowingly of you to third parties. He may play matchmaker. He could get you involved with other creative parties to increase the likelihood of very cool things happening. If you know him, he will probably read a draft of your novel or script in progress. Since Edward Champion is an exuberant type, he may urge other parties to give you a shot. Please understand that the use of Edward Champion may just surprise you, especially if he becomes very loyal to you. Please try to respect this.


BMC Health Serv Res, 2016 06 14;16:197.
BACKGROUND: The world population has become more globalised with increasing number of people residing in another country for work or other reasons. Little is known about the health profiles of foreign population in Malaysia. The aim of this study was to provide a detailed description of the health problems presented by foreigners attending primary care clinics in Malaysia.
METHODS: Data were derived from the 2012 National Medical Care Survey (NMCS), a cross sectional survey of primary care encounters from public and private primary care clinics sampled from five regions in Malaysia. Patients with foreign nationality were identified and analysed for demographic profiles, reasons for encounter (RFEs), diagnosis, and provision of care.
RESULTS: Foreigners accounted for 7.7 % (10,830) of all patient encounters from NMCS. Most encounters were from private clinics (90.2 %). Median age was 28 years (IQR: 24.0, 34.8) and 69.9 % were male. Most visits to the primary care clinics were for symptom-based complaints (69.5 %), followed by procedures (23.0 %) and follow-up visit (7.4 %). The commonest diagnosis in public clinics was antenatal care (21.8 %), followed by high risk pregnancies (7.5 %) and upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) (6.8 %). Private clinics had more cases for general medical examination (13.5 %), URTI (13.1 %) and fever (3.9 %). Medications were prescribed to 76.5 % of these encounters.
CONCLUSIONS: More foreigners were seeking primary medical care from private clinics and the encounters were for general medical examinations and acute minor ailments. Those who sought care from public clinics were for obstetric problems and chronic diseases. Medications were prescribed to two-thirds of the encounters while other interventions: laboratory investigations, medical procedures and follow-up appointment had lower rates in private clinics. Foreigners are generally of young working group and are expected to have mandatory medical checks. The preponderance of obstetrics seen in public clinics suggests a need for improved access to maternal care and pregnancy related care. This has implication on policy and health care provision and access for foreigners and future studies are needed to look into strategies to solve these problems.
BMC Infect. Dis., 2016 05 17;16:208.
BACKGROUND: Antibiotic overuse is driving the emergence of antibiotic resistance worldwide. Good data on prescribing behaviours of healthcare providers are needed to support antimicrobial stewardship initiatives. This study examined the differences in antibiotic prescribing rates of public and private primary care clinics in Malaysia.
METHODS: We used data from the National Medical Care Survey (NMCS), a nationwide cluster sample of Malaysian public and private primary care clinics in 2014. NMCS contained demographic, diagnoses and prescribing from 129 public clinics and 416 private clinics. We identified all encounters who were prescribed antibiotic and analyse the prescribing rate, types of antibiotics, and diagnoses that resulted in antibiotic.
RESULTS: Five thousand eight hundred ten encounters were prescribed antibiotics; antibiotic prescribing rate was 21.1 % (public clinics 6.8 %, private clinics 30.8 %). Antibiotic prescribing was higher in private clinics where they contributed almost 87 % of antibiotics prescribed in primary care. Upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) was the most frequent diagnosis in patients receiving antibiotic therapy and accounted for 49.2 % of prescriptions. Of the patients diagnosed with URTI, 46.2 % received antibiotic treatment (public 16.8 %, private 57.7 %). Penicillins, cephalosporins and macrolides were the most commonly prescribed antibiotics and accounted for 30.7, 23.6 and 16.0 % of all antibiotics, respectively. More recently available broad-spectrum antibiotics such as azithromycin and quinolones were more frequently prescribed in private clinics.
CONCLUSIONS: Antibiotic prescribing rates are high in both public and private primary care settings in Malaysia, especially in the latter. This study provides evidence of excessive and inappropriate antibiotic prescribing for self-limiting conditions. These data highlights the needs for more concerted interventions targeting both prescribers and public. Improvement strategies should focus on reducing inappropriate prescribing.
Trauma Case Rep, 2016 Apr;3:32-35.
Irreducible dislocation of the interphalangeal joint (IPJ) big toe is a rare injury Hitori et al. (2006) . We report a case of the right big toe IPJ dislocation following a trauma. The problem was diagnosed and managed at other medical centers with standard treatment of closed manual reduction and splint. The right big toe was splinted accordingly and the patient was referred to our orthopedic outpatient clinic. At the clinic, a repeat plain radiograph was ordered due to high suspicion of the irreducible IPJ.
Background. Patient satisfaction influences the outcomes of the patient-physician encounter.
(MISS-21) questionnaire using a confirmatory validity approach.
analysed using Analysis of Moment Structure version 19.
questionnaire was called as 'Skala Kepuasan Interaksi Perubatan-11'.
Early Interv Psychiatry, 2017 Feb;11(1):57-62.
AIM: Prolonged depression during the post-partum period is associated with maternal and infant mortality and morbidity. Less attention has been given to factors that predict the persistence of depression beyond the first 3 months post-partum.
METHODS: From a longitudinal cohort of 2279 women who attended Mazandaran's primary health centres in 2009, 478 women with an Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) score of 12 or greater in the third trimester of pregnancy were recruited. Persistently depressed women (depressed at all three occasions: during pregnancy, and at 2 and 12 weeks post-partum) were compared with those without depression to determine demographic, cultural, obstetric and biopsychosocial predictors for persistence of depression. Data were analysed using chi-square test, t-test and logistic regression models.
RESULTS: The stability of depression was found in 193 (46.2 %) of 418 depressed cases who were followed up over the study period. Of those mothers who scored more than the threshold of 12 during the third trimester of pregnancy, 277 (66.3%) and 221 (52.9%) had high EPDS at 2 and 12 weeks post-partum. Psychological distress (based upon the General Health Questionnaire), low maternal parental self-efficacy (based upon the Parental Expectation Survey) and perceived social isolation (based upon the Network Orientation Scale) were independent predictors of persistent depression.
CONCLUSION: Fewer depressed mothers in this study were found to recover during the first 3 months after giving birth. Psychosocial factors predicted sustained depression from pregnancy to 3 months post-partum. The findings highlight the significance of support in enhancing maternal mental health.
BACKGROUND: Provision of post stroke care in developing countries is hampered by discoordination of services and limited access to specialised care. Albeit shortcomings, primary care continues to provide post-stroke services in less than favourable circumstances. This paper aimed to review provision of post-stroke care and related problems among Family Medicine Specialists managing public primary health care services.
METHODS: A semi-structured questionnaire was distributed to 121 Family Physicians servicing public funded health centres in a pilot survey focused on improving post stroke care provision at community level. The questionnaire assessed respondents background and practice details i.e. estimated stroke care burden, current service provision and opinion on service improvement. Means and frequencies described quantitative data. For qualitative data, constant comparison method was used until saturation of themes was reached.
RESULTS: Response rate of 48.8% was obtained. For every 100 patients seen at public healthcentres each month, 2 patients have stroke. Median number of stroke patients seen per month is 5 (IQR 2-10). 57.6% of respondents estimated total stroke patients treated per year at each centre was less than 40 patients. 72.4% lacked a standard care plan although 96.6% agreed one was needed. Patients seen were: discharged from tertiary care (88.1%), shared care plan with specialists (67.8%) and patients who developed stroke during follow up at primary care (64.4%). Follow-ups were done at 8-12 weekly intervals (60.3%) with 3.4% on 'as needed' basis. Referrals ranked in order of frequency were to physiotherapy services, dietitian and speech and language pathologists in public facilities. The FMS' perceived 4 important 'needs' in managing stroke patients at primary care level; access to rehabilitation services, coordinated care between tertiary centres and primary care using multidisciplinary care approach, a standardized guideline and family and caregiver support.
CONCLUSIONS: Post discharge stroke care guidelines and access to rehabilitation services at primary care is needed for post stroke patients residing at home in the community.
BMC Health Serv Res, 2017 01 13;17(1):35.
BACKGROUND: Lack of intersectoral collaboration within public health sectors compound efforts to promote effective multidisciplinary post stroke care after discharge following acute phase. A coordinated, primary care-led care pathway to manage post stroke patients residing at home in the community was designed by an expert panel of specialist stroke care providers to help overcome fragmented post stroke care in areas where access is limited or lacking.
METHODS: Expert panel discussions comprising Family Medicine Specialists, Neurologists, Rehabilitation Physicians and Therapists, and Nurse Managers from Ministry of Health and acadaemia were conducted. In Phase One, experts chartered current care processes in public healthcare facilities, from acute stroke till discharge and also patients who presented late with stroke symptoms to public primary care health centres. In Phase Two, modified Delphi technique was employed to obtain consensus on recommendations, based on current evidence and best care practices. Care algorithms were designed around existing work schedules at public health centres.
RESULTS: Indication for patients eligible for monitoring by primary care at public health centres were identified. Gaps in transfer of care occurred either at post discharge from acute care or primary care patients diagnosed at or beyond subacute phase at health centres. Essential information required during transfer of care from tertiary care to primary care providers was identified. Care algorithms including appropriate tools were summarised to guide primary care teams to identify patients requiring further multidisciplinary interventions. Shared care approaches with Specialist Stroke care team were outlined. Components of the iCaPPS were developed simultaneously: (i) iCaPPS-Rehab© for rehabilitation of stroke patients at community level (ii) iCaPPS-Swallow© guided the primary care team to screen and manage stroke related swallowing problems.
CONCLUSION: Coordinated post stroke care monitoring service for patients at community level is achievable using the iCaPPS and its components as a guide. The iCaPPS may be used for post stroke care monitoring of patients in similar fragmented healthcare delivery systems or areas with limited access to specialist stroke care services.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: No.: ACTRN12616001322426 (Registration Date: 21st September 2016).
Asia Pac Fam Med, 2009;8(1):4.
BACKGROUND: Optimum management of dyspepsia in primary care is a debatable subject. Testing for Helicobacter pylori (HP) has been recommended in primary care as this strategy will cure most underlying peptic ulcer disease and prevent future gastro duodenal disease.
METHODS: A total of 98 patients completed Modified Glasgow Dyspepsia Severity Score Questionnaire (MGDSSQ) at initial presentation before undergoing the 13Carbon Urea Breath Test (UBT) for HP. Those with positive UBT received Eradication Therapy with oral Omeprazole 20 mg twice daily, Clarithromycin 500 mg daily and Amoxycillin 500 mg twice daily for one week followed by Omeprazole to be completed for another 4 to 6 weeks. Those with negative UBT received empirical treatment with oral Omeprazole 20 mg twice daily for 4 to 6 weeks. Patients were assessed again using the MGDSSQ at the completion of treatment and one month after stopping treatment.
RESULTS: The prevalence of dyspepsia at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia-Primary Care Centre was 1.12% (124/11037), out of which 23.5% (23/98) was due to HP. Post treatment assessment in both HP (95.7%, 22/23) and non HP-related dyspepsia (86.7%, 65/75) groups showed complete or almost complete resolution of dyspepsia. Only about 4.3% (1/23) in the HP related dyspepsia and 13.3% (10/75) in the non HP group required endoscopy.
CONCLUSION: The prevalence of dyspepsia due to HP in this primary care centre was 23.5%. Detection of HP related dyspepsia yielded good treatment outcomes (95.7%).
Data on post stroke outcomes in developing countries are scarce due to uncoordinated healthcare delivery systems. In Malaysia, the national stroke clinical practice guideline does not address transfer of care and longer term post stroke care beyond tertiary care. Hence, post stroke care delivery may be delivered at either tertiary or primary care facilities. This study aimed at describing patients' characteristics and outcomes of post stroke care delivered by the primary care teams at public primary care healthcentres across Peninsular Malaysia. Multi staged sampling was done to select public primary care health centres to recruit post stroke patients. At each health centre, convenience sampling was done to recruit adult patients (≥18 years) who received post stroke care between July-December 2012. Baseline measurements were recorded at recruitment and retrospective medical record review was done simultaneously, for details on medical and / or rehabilitation treatment at health centre. Changes in the measurements for post stroke care were compared using paired t-tests and Wilcoxon Rank test where appropriate. Total of 151 patients were recruited from ten public primary care healthcentres. The mean age at stroke presentation was 55.8 ± 9.8 years. Median duration of follow up was 2.3 (IQR 5.1) years. Majority co-resided with a relative (80.8%), and a family member was primary caregiver (75.%). Eleven percent were current smokers. Almost 71.0% of patients achieved BP ≤ 140/90 mmHg. Only 68.9% of the patients had been referred for neurorehabilitation. Percentage of recorded data was highest for blood pressure (88.1%) while lowest was HbA1c (43.0%). For clinical outcomes, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, triglyceride level and calculated GFR (eGFR) showed statistically significant changes during follow up (p care at public primary care healthcentres showed benefits in stroke risk factors control (i.e. hypertension and dyslipidaemia) but deterioration in renal function. A more structured coordination is needed to optimise post stroke care beyond acute phase management for patients who reside at home in the community.
Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev., 2013;14(10):5901-4.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of different methods of recall for repeat Pap smear among women who had normal smears in the previous screening.
DESIGN: Prospective randomized controlled study.
SETTING: All community clinics in Klang under the Ministry of Health Malaysia.
PARTICIPANTS: Women of Klang who attended cervical screening and had a normal Pap smear in the previous year, and were due for a repeat smear were recruited and randomly assigned to four different methods of recall for repeat smear.
INTERVENTION: The recall methods given to the women to remind them for a repeat smear were either by postal letter, registered letter, short message by phone (SMS) or phone call.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Number and percentage of women who responded to the recall within 8 weeks after they had received the recall, irrespective whether they had Pap test conducted. Also the numbers of women in each recall method that came for repeat Pap smear.
RESULTS: The rates of recall messages reaching the women when using letter, registered letter, SMS and phone calls were 79%, 87%, 66% and 68%, respectively. However, the positive responses to recall by letter, registered letter, phone messages and telephone call were 23.9%, 23.0%, 32.9% and 50.9%, respectively (p<0.05). Furthermore, more women who received recall by phone call had been screened (p<0.05) compared to those who received recall by postal letter (OR=2.38, CI=1.56-3.62).
CONCLUSION: Both the usual way of sending letters and registered letters had higher chances of reaching patients compared to using phone either for sending messages or calling. The response to the recall method and uptake of repeat smear, however, were highest via phone call, indicating the importance of direct communication.
Abdullah A, Liew SM, Hanafi NS, Ng CJ, Lai PS, Chia YC, et al.
Telemonitoring of home blood pressure (BP) is found to have a positive effect on BP control. Delivering a BP telemonitoring service in primary care offers primary care physicians an innovative approach toward management of their patients with hypertension. However, little is known about patients' acceptance of such service in routine clinical care.
Home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) is gaining popularity among hypertensive patients. This study aimed to explore the influence of self-initiated HBPM on primary care patients with hypertension.
Six in-depth interviews and two focus group discussions were conducted, taking into consideration the experiences of 24 primary care patients with hypertension. These patients had been using HBPM as part of their hypertension management. The overriding influences were grouped under themes which emerged from analyzing the data using the grounded theory approach.
There are both positive and negative influences of self-initiated HBPM. Patients used the readings of their HBPM to decide on many aspects of their hypertension management. The HBPM readings both influenced their adherence to diet and exercise and provided certain reassurance when they experienced symptoms. In addition, the act of discussing their HBPM readings with their health care providers resulted in an enhanced doctor-patient therapeutic relationship. Nevertheless, HBPM created confusion at times in some patients, particularly with regard to the target blood pressure level and the need for medication. This led to some patients making their own medical decisions based on their own standards.
HBPM is becoming an integral part of hypertension management. Primary care patients who self-initiated HBPM reported being more self-efficacious, but lack of participation and guidance from their doctors created confusion, and hindered the true benefit of HBPM.
Cervical cancer screening after 50: near extinction?
Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol., 2016 Nov;206:136-140.
OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence and predictors of Pap smear screening among women aged 50 years and older.
STUDY DESIGN: This cross-sectional study was conducted at two large urban health centres in Selangor. A total of 515 women aged 50 and older were recruited.
RESULTS: The mean age of the respondents was 58.83±7.05, with a range of 50- 83 years. The prevalence of Pap smear screening was 39.22% (n=202). From the multivariate analysis, Pap smear screening was significantly associated with health care provider advice (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=18.75; 95% CI=8.30, 42.37); tertiary (AOR=11.26; 95% CI=1.50, 84.68) and secondary education level (AOR=9.47; 95% CI=1.43, 62.84); use of contraception (AOR=2.90; 95% CI=1.48, 5.69); heart disease (AOR=0.22; 95% CI=0.05, 0.97); and worry about Pap smear results (AOR=0.20; 95% CI=0.09, 0.42).
CONCLUSION: The prevalence of Pap smear screening in the older women is unsatisfactory. Health care provider advice, education level, use of contraception, heart disease and worry about Pap smear results were predictors of undergoing Pap smear screening in this study population.