text:
d12 how come soundcloud music	sorry, that interfere, but you could..
Aphex twin donkey rhubarb music
Posted on 07.09.2020 Updated on 07.09.2020 by ZulkitaurCategories:DEFAULT
Aug 14, · Donkey Rhubarb is a EP by electronic music artist Richard D. James under the alias of Aphex Twin. The EP was released on 14 August by Warp/5(5). Aphex Twin - Donkey Rhubarb - kenyayouth.org Music. Skip to main content. Try Prime EN Hello, Sign in Donkey "Please retry" Amazon Music Unlimited: Price variation of a great song, and different enough that one cannot easily be called superior over the other. Unlike Aphex Twin remixes, though, this DOES have a lot in common with the /5(4). Donkey Rhubarb is a EP by electronic music artist Richard D. James under the alias of Aphex kenyayouth.org EP was released on 14 August by kenyayouth.org EP contains a version of the song "Icct Hedral" from James's album I Care Because You Do by Philip GlassLabel: Warp.
[Donkey Rhubarb is a EP by electronic music artist Richard D. James under the alias of Aphex kenyayouth.org EP was released on 14 August by kenyayouth.org EP contains a version of the song "Icct Hedral" from James's album I Care Because You Do by Philip GlassLabel: Warp. Check out Donkey Rhubarb by Aphex Twin on Amazon Music. Stream ad-free or purchase CD's and MP3s now on kenyayouth.org Aphex Twin - Donkey Rhubarb - kenyayouth.org Music. Skip to main content. Try Prime EN Hello, Sign in Donkey "Please retry" Amazon Music Unlimited: Price variation of a great song, and different enough that one cannot easily be called superior over the other. Unlike Aphex Twin remixes, though, this DOES have a lot in common with the /5(4). Aug 14, · Donkey Rhubarb is a EP by electronic music artist Richard D. James under the alias of Aphex Twin. The EP was released on 14 August by Warp/5(5). Discover releases, reviews, credits, songs, and more about Aphex Twin - Donkey Rhubarb at Discogs. Complete your Aphex Twin collection/5(). On 8 July , Aphex Twin released the Cheetah EP, backed by a music video for "CIRKLON3 [Колхозная mix]", the first official music video for an Aphex Twin track in 17 years. On 17 December, James performed in Houston, Texas at the Day for Night festival, his first American appearance in 8 . Find album reviews, stream songs, credits and award information for Donkey Rhubarb - Aphex Twin on AllMusic - - Continuing his twin fascinations with the 8/ If you had to pinpoint the moment where the Aphex Twin image became just as iconic as his music, it'd probably be the Donkey Rhubarb video. For that reason alone, this is an important milestone in the discography. I wouldn't say the music is anything special, though/5(K). | Donkey Rhubarb is a EP by electronic music artist Richard D. James under the alias of Aphex Twin. The EP was released on 14 August by Warp. A1, Donkey Rhubarb. A2, Vaz Deferenz. B1, Icct Hedral (Philip Glass Orchestration). Engineer [Additional] – Rich CosteyEngineer [Mix], Recorded By – Anne. 1, Donkey Rhubarb, 2, Vaz Deferenz, 3, Icct Hedral (Philip Glass Orchestration). Engineer [Additional] – Rich CosteyEngineer [Mix], Recorded By. This is an excellent 4 track EP released after I Care Because You Do. As the art suggests, the music here has a lot in common with the stuff heard on I Care. Homespun is dedicated to editing music videos and short films. 1. Donkey Rhubarb. 2. Vaz Deferenz. 3. Icct Hedral (Phillip Glass Orchestration). 4. Pancake Lizard. ] Aphex twin donkey rhubarb music Unlike Aphex Twin remixes, though, this DOES have a lot in common with the original track; this is not a remix rather than a re-recording using an orchestra. 5/5 4) Pancake Lizard My favorite track here. Our new desktop experience was built to be your music destination. Listen to official albums & more. Aphex Twin, Donkey Rhubarb widescreen 16/9 HQ, HD, best quality. Our new desktop experience was built to be your music destination. Listen to official albums & more. Donkey Rhubarb is a EP by electronic music artist Richard D. James under the alias of Aphex Twin. The EP was released on 14 August by Warp. Check out Donkey Rhubarb by Aphex Twin on Amazon Music. Stream ad-free or purchase CD's and MP3s now on kenyayouth.org Discover releases, reviews, credits, songs, and more about Aphex Twin - Donkey Rhubarb at Discogs. Complete your Aphex Twin collection. Find album reviews, stream songs, credits and award information for Donkey Rhubarb - Aphex Twin on AllMusic - - Continuing his twin fascinations with the. Listen to your favorite songs from Donkey Rhubarb by Aphex Twin Now. Stream ad-free with Amazon Music Unlimited on mobile, desktop, and tablet. Download our mobile app now. If you had to pinpoint the moment where the Aphex Twin image became just as iconic as his music, it'd probably be the Donkey Rhubarb video. For that reason alone, this is an important milestone in the discography. I wouldn't say the music is anything special, though. Donkey Rhubarb is a EP by electronic music artist Richard D. James under the alias of Aphex kenyayouth.org EP was released on 14 August by kenyayouth.org EP contains a version of the song "Icct Hedral" from James's album I Care Because You Do by Philip Glass. When posting your own music, please keep it related to Aphex Twin, and DO NOT be excessive Sharing YOUR music? That's ok, although this isn't the place to receive feedback or advertise. If you're just beginning making music, I would NOT recommend posting here - people can be pretty mean. From the Windowlicker umbrella to the Ventolin face mask, Aphex Twin has you covered in any situation. One of the strangest offerings involve the Donkey Rhubarb bears, which were first seen in the music video for the song. Unfortunately, these items are all sold out, but they will be restocked sometime next year. "Donkey Rhubarb" is a wonderful bubbly tune that will no doubt get you bouncing to it's melody. Pancake Lizard is also a fairly good track, but Vaz Deferenz and Icct Hedral (Phillip Glass Orchestration) don't make the grade. Donkey Rhubarb By Aphex Twin. • 4 songs. Listen to Donkey Rhubarb now. You look like someone who appreciates good music. Buy Donkey Rhubarb Bear by Aphex Twin on Bleep. 25cm tall stuffed toy bear. Packaged in custom printed box. Strictly one per customer. Watch the video for Donkey Rhubarb from Aphex Twin's Donkey Rhubarb for free, and see the artwork, lyrics and similar artists. Amazon Music Unlimited. Aphex Twin Donkey Rhubarb on Myspace. Connect, discover, and share the world's largest digital music library with over 53 million tracks and videos. Page 1 of 2 - Donkey Rhubarb. Marmite? - posted in Aphex Twin: my matey reckons donkey rhubarb s twinnys best track but i think its gash, to be honest. What do you think, pooholes?. 'Donkey Rhubarb' music video by Aphex Twin. Premiered on November 30, Directed by David Slade. A music video set to premiere earlier this year coinciding with the announce of the EP was pulled after it failed to pass the Harding Test – an automatic test to determine whether or not certain footage will suitable to be viewed by viewers with photosensitive epilepsy. Watch: Aphex Twin – "Donkey Rhubarb".
aphex twin melodic mix
Joshan kabir hayedeh zendegi
Gukus
2 thoughts on "Aphex twin donkey rhubarb music"
Duzuru says:
wait for torrent link :)
Dikora says:
thanks!!!!!!
© d12 how come soundcloud music. All rights reserved.


Search long-lost treasures in pitch black caves, pyramids and dark tombs of ancient temples. Huge gemstones were sheltered from the sunshine for eons of time waiting for those who are brave. You as an intrepid tomb seeker must resolve puzzles of dead kings and show courage in many adventures to get them all.


Sparkling white teeth are every person's dream. Not just they enhance the beauty of your smile but also contribute to give you a magnetic personality. So you might be thinking it's about time you should visit a dentist and finally get rid of the yellow stains. Wait a minute! You can have a glowing smile without wasting hundreds of dollars on bleaching trays and other so called whitening solutions.
Baking soda is one of the best ingredients that you can use to get rid of your yellow teeth. You can make a whitening mouthwash with baking soda by mixing two tablespoon of baking soda with one cup of cold water. Now use this whitening mouthwash to rinse your mouth two to three times in a day. This remedy can easily correct minor yellow stains. At the same time you can also scrub your teeth gently for at least two minutes with diluted baking soda for sparkling teeth. Follow this remedy twice a week for the first week, and then follow it in every fifteen days. It is essential to note here that excess use of baking soda can strip your teeth of its natural enamel.
Strawberries contain good amount of vitamin C, which help in making your teeth whiter. Take a few strawberries and grind them to make a paste. Now use this paste to rub your teeth gently. If done twice daily for a few weeks, the yellow tinge on your teeth will vanish. Another option is to mix the pulp of one strawberry with half a teaspoon of baking soda and then spread the mixture onto your teeth and allow it to sit for a few minutes. Finally rinse out your mouth and brush your teeth with toothpaste to get rid of any residue.
The bleaching property present in lemon can also be used to get rid of yellow teeth. In fact, gargling with lemon juice and scrubbing teeth with lemon peel is also one of the best ways to make your teeth white. Take a few drops of lemon juice and add some salt to it. Now apply this mixture on the stained teeth and rub the paste vigorously over your teeth and gums. Leave for a few minutes and then rinse your mouth properly with normal water. Follow this remedy twice daily for about two weeks to get rid of tartar and yellow tinge.
Apple is a kind of crunchy fruit that can scrub your teeth like a toothbrush and make your teeth look whiter than before. Try to eat one or two apples daily to get rid of the yellow stain accumulated on your teeth. When eating an apple make sure to chew them properly so that the acidic nature of apple and the fiber rich rough flesh get ample time to work on your teeth and help to remove the yellow stain. Apart from apples, you can also eat other crunchy food items such as raw carrots, cucumbers and broccoli.
The leaves of holy basil have whitening properties and hence it can be used to make your teeth whiter. At the same time holy basil can also protect your teeth from gum problems such as pyorrhea. Take few leaves of holy basil and keep them in the sun for few hours. Once the holy basil leaves become dry you need to grind them to make some powder. Now mix this powder with your regular toothbrush and then use it to brush your teeth. Another option is to make a paste of holy basil leaves with mustard oil and then use it to clean your teeth.
You can also use margosa to enjoy white healthy teeth. You can use margosa twigs as a toothbrush to brush your teeth. Chewing margosa branches helps in tackling teeth problems and clears the yellowness from the teeth. At the same time you can use margosa oil and mix it with your regular toothpaste and then use it to brush your teeth. Due to the astringent and antiseptic properties, regular use of margosa oil also help to get rid of bad breath and dental cavities.
Salt is one of the fundamental dental cleansing agents used since ages as it helps to replenish the lost mineral content of the teeth and help them to regain their whiteness. You can use common salt regularly each morning as a toothpowder instead of toothpaste. Another option is to mix common salt with charcoal and then use it brush your teeth regularly. You can also mix common salt with baking soda and then use it to rub your teeth gently in order to reduce the yellow tinge accumulated on your teeth. When using salt you need to be extra careful as salt can cause damage to gums and enamel if used roughly.
Charcoal is one of the best known home remedies for yellow teeth. Charcoal, has a powerful crystal based chemical which results in teeth whitening. Take some charcoal powder and mix it with your regular toothpaste and use it to gently brush your teeth. Do it twice daily to make your teeth sparkling white. Along with charcoal you can also use the ashes of burnt bread and burnt rosemary in order to make your teeth whiter.
You can also clean your teeth with fresh orange peel on regular basis in order to reduce the yellow tinge accumulated on your teeth. To make your teeth white, rub orange peel on your teeth every night before going to sleep. The vitamin C and calcium present in the orange peel will combat with the microorganisms all through the night. Within a few weeks you can notice effective results and your teeth will appear more shiny, stronger and whiter. If fresh orange peel is not available then you can use dried orange peel powder.
The mild bleaching effect of hydrogen peroxide can also help a lot in getting rid of yellow teeth. You must gargle with a mouth wash having hydrogen peroxide in order to reduce yellow staining from your teeth. While gargling make sure not to swallow the hydrogen peroxide. At the same time you can make a paste of baking soda with hydrogen peroxide and use it to brush your teeth gently. Later brush your teeth with your regular tooth paste to make your teeth whiten. However, it is important to note that you need to use hydrogen peroxide with extra caution as it can cause irritation of gums and make your teeth sensitive.


Hey! Back with another review.
4g was disconnecting initially every few minutes after 1st boot. After a reboot it works good.
Overall it's same as Oct OS, but this has few more customisation.
Next articleWhat if your phone gets wet in rain?


Woke up early with the kids and lights are on!!!. This may seem corny and weak and it is….It is as corny and weak as our own judgement's and criticisms of others, which essentially mask our own insecurities and fears. So even the "perfect" Diet drink, is full of "natural flavors", i.e. chemicals and good old aspartame. So take the plank out of your own eye before you take the speck out of someone elses.
Haha. The truth is the only thing I drink is water and coffee. Don't even drink diet soda's.
Good advice and another awesome picture. I'm with you on the water (with lemon) and coffee.
I'm now into my eighth month off of diet sodas. I was a total addict! I really enjoyed your photo!
Great shot! Love the colours and white balance!
A good title. Love its paradox. But if I may ask you, was it your intention to make this photo seem a bit overexposed? Or is it because you customized the colour/white balance?
No real reason, other than I like to change things up. the day before I had shot studio type shot. this one I added a higher saturation and contrast. Just playing around and I like it, as it is a little more "rugged" to go with the "attitude" of the diet coke.


DualSky - DragonRC XC10036HV-V2, 100 amps output, 5-12s Lipo supported, OPTO isolation. Suitable for FAI 2 meters F3A or F3C.
DualSky XC10036HV-V2, 100 amps output, 5-12s Lipo supported, OPTO isolation. Suitable for FAI 2 meters F3A or F3C.
● The new designed 2nd version software and hardware have many new features.
● Supports all motor types up to 210,000 rpm(2 Poles motors).
● Extremely low resistance, factory high quality MosFETs, for high current usage.
● Dualsky Governor Mode(DGM) ready.
● Adjustable cut-off, either motor stop or reduction in power.
● Normal and Super-Soft start up modes available, for both fixed wing and helicopter setups.
● Smooth and accurate throttle control throughout the range.
and 7 ms high-speed mode (HS Mode).
● Throttle range can be re-calibrated, so suitable for all brands of transmitter.
● Fully PC programmable when used with Dualsky USB link(#45525).
● Compatible with programming card(#45200) for easy re-programming at the field!


You don't have to be an older person to be successful. Many young people have good business ideas. At the age of 14, Edinburgh-born Frazer Doherty went out to the supermarket with a couple of pounds in his pocket. He bought some fruit and sugar and made a few jars of jam. Four years later his SuperJams brand is on the shelves of 130 Waitrose stores.
The Employment Equality (Age) Regulations (2006) were introduced to protect people from discrimination in the workplace (including those in vocational training) on the basis of age. The legislation protects both older and young workers. Young people may face 'ageism' in the workplace and assumptions are made about their lack of experience, abilities, reliability, the content and even the quality of 'modern qualifications'. For more detailed information regarding Employment Equality (Age) Regulations see the EHRC website.
Assumptions and attitudes surrounding employment of or training of young people is often based on hearsay or wrong information and should be challenged rather than accepted.
Some employers perceive the Disclosure Barring Service (DBS) check as an additional barrier to providing work experience or employment for young people. It is highly likely that supervisory or mentoring staff working with people under 16 years old will need a DBS check and employers, especially SMEs(small to medium sized employers), can be reluctant to add this to their costs of employing/providing work experience for KS4 pupils.
Accessing some STEM Careers can provide extra challenges for young people with regard to health and safety issues, not only in the more obvious areas e.g. engineering and science but also the associated risks when working in technology careers.
Health and safety issues are often used by those not wanting to offer work or training to young people, and STEM careers can carry additional health and safety hazards. It is always worth checking regulations from reliable sources as to what they can and cannot do in the workplace.
People under 18 years old are not allowed to use high-risk lifting machinery unless they have the necessary maturity and competence, which includes having successfully completed appropriate training. Examples of high-risk lifting equipment which normally should not be operated by young people include cranes, construction site hoists and fork-lift trucks.
There may be substantial risks associated with the use of lifting accessories, for example during 'slinging', and employers need to assess whether such work is appropriate for young people. However, young people may use high-risk lifting machinery during training as long as they are adequately supervised. They should also be supervised after training if considered not sufficiently mature.


text:
package au.id.aj.efbp.endpoint;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;

import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.junit.runners.JUnit4;

import au.id.aj.efbp.endpoint.Sink;
import au.id.aj.efbp.transport.Connection;

@RunWith(JUnit4.class)
public class SinkTest {
    @Test
    public void generateOnePortVarargs() {
        final String name = "IN";
        final Map<String, Connection<Object>> portMap = Sink.Utils
                .<Object> generatePortMap(name);
        assertTrue(portMap.keySet().contains(name));
        assertEquals(1, portMap.keySet().size());
    }

    @Test
    public void generateTwoPortsVarargs() {
        final String in1 = "IN1";
        final String in2 = "IN2";
        final Map<String, Connection<Object>> portMap = Sink.Utils
                .<Object> generatePortMap(in1, in2);
        assertTrue(portMap.keySet().contains(in1));
        assertTrue(portMap.keySet().contains(in2));
        assertEquals(2, portMap.keySet().size());
    }

    @Test
    public void generateOnePortCollection() {
        final String name = "IN";
        final Map<String, Connection<Object>> portMap = Sink.Utils
                .<Object> generatePortMap(Collections.singleton(name));
        assertTrue(portMap.keySet().contains(name));
        assertEquals(1, portMap.keySet().size());

    }

    @Test
    public void generateTwoPortsCollection() {
        final Set<String> names = new HashSet<>();
        names.add("IN1");
        names.add("IN2");
        final Map<String, Connection<Object>> portMap = Sink.Utils
                .<Object> generatePortMap(names);
        assertTrue(portMap.keySet().containsAll(names));
        assertEquals(2, portMap.keySet().size());
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Create an article that can only be accessed by email link? case: I have this website and I want to add more subscribers to the newsletter while still maintaining a good traffic on my website. Therefore, I want to have competitions and special offers exclusively for newsletter subscribers BUT! I want them to go from the newsletter to the site to participate in the contest.
As I want this to be an exclusive thing for the newsletter subscribers, I don't want a URL that is accessible simply by typing it in (e.g. www.my-site.com/competition1). Is it possible to make a link that creates a unique URL when it is clicked (e.g. www.my-site.com/competition1?2281990578345) or something?
Please forgive me if this sounds far out and correct me if i am missing something totally obvious here. I hope this can be done in some way though.
Best, Astrid :-)

A: I'm not sure if I'm allowed to do this, but I have created a plugin for my NS Pro newsletter extension, which lets users to filter content if the logged-in user's email exists in the subscriber database.
It has two drawbacks: It requires that the users are logged-in with the same email that they subscribed, and it isn't yet available for Joomla 3.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The TWD marine operations team advised STFA-SGTM-JDN about best practice for marine operations while working in close cooperation with our naval architects who performed all necessary marine engineering analysis.
Our naval department prepared the installation procedure encompassing every step of the operation from the loading of each caisson on the semi-submersible barge, towage, submergence to 20m below sea level, caisson float-out, caisson towage to the final installation. TWD also recommended workable sea states for the operation.
For skidding and supporting the caissons on the semi-submersible barge TWD designed the locally fabricated grillage and verified the critical structural integrity of the vessel. Additionally TWD provided on-site engineering and operational assistance at the site in Morocco.


text:
Electronic Health Records and Medical Big Data
Part of Cambridge Bioethics and Law
Author: Sharona Hoffman, Case Western Reserve University School of Law, Ohio
Date Published: December 2016
$ 127.00 (P)
This book helps readers gain an in-depth understanding of electronic health record (EHR) systems, medical big data, and the regulations that govern them. It analyzes both the shortcomings and benefits of EHR systems, exploring the law's response to the creation of these systems, highlighting gaps in the current legal framework, and developing detailed recommendations for regulatory, policy, and technological improvements. Electronic Health Records and Medical Big Data addresses not only privacy and security concerns but also other important challenges, such as those related to data quality and data analysis. In addition, the author formulates a large body of recommendations to improve the technology's safety, security, and efficacy for both clinical and secondary (such as research) uses of medical data.
Offers technical insights alongside legal, ethical, and policy analysis, providing readers with a comprehensive education about EHR systems, medical big data, and their various implications
Formulates a large body of recommendations of interest to policy-makers and practitioners who seek to improve health information technology's safety, security, and efficacy, for both clinical and secondary uses
Combining exhaustive research with accessible writing makes this book an easy-to-understand resource for readers with diverse levels of expertise
'Electronic Health Records and Medical Big Data: Law and Policy is simultaneously authoritative and accessible. It offers sweeping coverage of the law and policy governing critical tools in the digital transformation of health care. The sections on big data-driven research are also must-reads for anyone concerned about the future development of best practices. Hoffman's work will be vital reading in law, medical, and policy departments around the world.' Frank Pasquale, University of Maryland Francis King Carey School of Law, author of The Black Box Society: The Secret Algorithms that Control Money and Information
'Hoffman exhibits a profound understanding of healthcare, law, regulations, liability, practice reality, scholarship, and information technology. This is a book that needed to be written - and Hoffman's done it with impressive and comprehensive knowledge, insight, and balance. This book is so essential that any healthcare administrator who fails to read is ipso facto guilty of malpractice.' Ross Koppel, University of Pennsylvania
'In this compelling work, Sharona Hoffman offers a thoroughly researched and thoughtfully argued review of patient safety, privacy, and health information security. Electronic Health Records and Medical Big Data: Law and Policy should be required reading for entrepreneurs, health information technology developers, investors, health lawyers, and public officials.' Jacob M Reider, MD, FAAFP, Alliance For Better Health Care
contains: 2 b/w illus.
Part I:
1. EHRs: attributes, benefits, and shortcomings
2. EHR system regulation: meaningful use and certification standard
3. EHR data security
4. EHR systems and litigation
Part II:
5. Medical big data and its benefits
6. Medical big data research: privacy and autonomy concerns
7. Medical big data quality and analysis concerns
8. The special case of open data
Sharona Hoffman, Case Western Reserve University School of Law, Ohio
Sharona Hoffman is Professor of Law and Bioethics at Case Western Reserve University. She has written over twenty articles and book chapters on EHR systems and medical big data. In 2014, she was a Distinguished Scholar in Residence at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Center for Surveillance, Epidemiology and Laboratory Services. Sharona Hoffman is the author of Aging with a Plan: How a Little Thought Today Can Vastly Improve Your Tomorrow (2015).
Privacy and Power
A Transatlantic Dialogue in the Shadow of the NSA-Affair
Genetic Data and the Law
A Critical Perspective on Privacy Protection
Big Data, Health Law, and Bioethics
Health Economics, Policy and Law
International trends highlight the confluence of economics, politics and legal considerations in the health policy…

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
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Have a requirement or need some help? Contact us to find out how we can help you.
TÜV SÜD Stories
Smart Nations
With the right partnerships, we can fully realise smart living
SMART NATIONS: NOT JUST A FUTURISTIC FANTASY
"Singapore is well positioned to realise its Smart Nation Vision. The key is to pursue and implement a holistic approach to connect things, data, process and people. Safety, security and sustainability must be the top consideration for the Smart Nation."
Dr. Dirk Schlesinger
Chief Digital Officer, TÜV SÜD
Every day we learn of exciting innovations.
In 2015, Germany introduced Industrie 4.0, with the ambition to automate factory production lines and create flexibility of production through smart modules and robotics. And then there's Japan's Society 5.0 concept that aims to take digitalisation beyond the workplace but also to individuals and communities, transforming Japan into a "super smart society" to tackle their challenges as a nation. Singapore launched the world's first self-driving taxis to reduce congestion that the land scarce city faces. Early 2017, fintech in India picked up as an immediate aftermath of the government's decision to demonetise high value currency notes. Similarly, in China, the digital payments market has exploded, accounting for nearly half of the global total.
From congestion to aging populations to sustainability, we are relying more and more on smart technologies to solve our urban challenges.
Singapore's vision: Smart solutions in a smart nation
But what does it mean to be a smart nation? Smart Nation Singapore, a government-led initiative, defines it as a nation "where people are empowered by technology to lead meaningful and fulfilled lives." It is not about technological advancement for the sake of progress. It is about people and the environment – where innovation results in measurable improvements in all aspects of living, from sustainable resources to infrastructure to communication.
For example, the expected launch of 5G mobile services in 2020 enable ultra-high speed connection, lower latency and support a larger range of applications, from autonomous vehicles to robotic arms. Public hospitals are trialing telehealth systems, where doctors monitor and deliver healthcare services through wearable devices and overcoming the constraints of travel distance and time. Smart devices and applications are piloted in housing estates to help elderly residents age safely and with independence as well. Singapore also aims to position itself as a 'digital harbour', possessing critical data and premium digital content to grow as a secure data centre hub. All these promising innovations earned Singapore its top rank in the 2016 Global Smart Cities list.
Smart innovations around the world
Technology start-up, nuTonomy, created software to trial the world's first self driving taxis to reduce road congestion in Singapore.
Telehealth systems continue to grow, as public hospitals in Singapore trial a system, where doctors can monitor and deliver healthcare services through wearable devices.
Yinchuan, China has started a fully integrated network including everything from buses to schools to streetlights, to improve efficiency of city administration to benefit residents and businesses.
The large-scale, mass-production in factories is en route to change. For the mass customisation of products, modular, automated smart factory concepts are introduced and realised such as the German SmartFactory-KL technology initiative.
Photo by: SmartFactory-KL/C. Arnoldi
Understandably, innovation doesn't come without its challenges. As digital technology becomes the backbone of a nation, it leaves everyone — individuals, businesses, governments — open to safety risks and security threats.
As systems become more connected, it is paramount to ensure operations run not only efficiently, but also show high levels of robustness and resilience. Human interaction with smart devices also mandates the functional safety and interoperability of these products.
Connectivity exposes businesses to potential cyber threats and present a new level of vulnerability. To provide insights into cyber-attacks and its implications, Honeynets are often used. "A honeynet is a decoy network designed to attract attacks, allowing detailed analysis of the access and attack methods to be conducted," says Dr. Armin Pfoh, Lead Technologist at TÜV SÜD.
In 2015, TÜV SÜD deployed a honeynet simulating a water works plant of a small German town. The decoy network recorded 60,000 access-attempts over an eight-month period, showing just how vulnerable even small companies can be.
Not only are companies at risk of data theft, but there's also a high risk of sabotage for society and communities at large. In May 2017, a widespread malware referred to as WannaCry, encrypted files with a ransom demanded to reverse the attack, or the files will be destroyed. More than 150 countries were impacted, with victims including healthcare, telecommunications and education industries.
On one hand, this puts the spotlight on the risks involved as our technology dependency increases. On the other, it means companies have opportunities to transform their businesses through data analytics to evolve businesses, benefit consumers and build trust for long-term business and consumer relationships.
For Singapore's smart nation ambitions, there is a need to create a trusted data marketplace with both private and public data, in order for organisations and businesses to continue to innovate and compete for continued social and economic improvements.
Choosing the right partners
"Digital transformation is poised to bring about a gamut of opportunities and challenges, making companies more susceptible to digital threats and cyber loopholes, while revolutionising the way businesses and organisations work and preparing them for the next phase of industrial growth", explains Dr. Andreas Hauser, Director of TÜV SÜD's Digital Service Centre of Excellence in Singapore.
As Singapore continues to gear up to achieve its vision of a Smart Nation, it will have to continue to work in tandem with private businesses and organisations that have the specialist skills, expertise and security checks to deliver high quality, secure technology for its citizens. Collaboration is key.
"Singapore is well positioned to realise its Smart Nation Vision. The key is to pursue and implement a holistic approach to connect things, data, process and people. Safety, security and sustainability must be the top consideration for the Smart Nation," says Dr. Dirk Schlesinger, Chief Digital Officer, TÜV SÜD.
It is why TÜV SÜD set up the Digital Service Centre of Excellence (CoE) here in Singapore. The CoE has over 20 specialists and experts to collaborate with industry partners to innovate, integrate technology and put cyber security at the fore to help Singapore realise its smart nation ambitions. It aims to grow the number of specialists and experts to 50 within the next three years. A second CoE has also been launched this year in Munich, Germany.
"Adopting an operations-based approach, pilot projects at the Digital CoE will give us the opportunity to co-innovate with experts, supporting them with innovative, needs-focus services to ensure safety, security and reliability" says Dr. Hauser. "Our objective is to enable the digital transformation of businesses and industries."
A world of smart nations may be closer than we think, and opportunities are abundant for innovators daring enough to bring this future to life. Businesses looking to expand into this innovation space can work with us, through the CoE, to ensure new technology is tested, verified, certified and safe for large scale deployment and commercialisation.
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When a migraine strikes, it can be crippling. Intense and sharp pain not only at the temples, but radiating throughout the entire head; feelings of nausea and digestive discontent; an unbearable aversion to light, sound, and even the smallest of movements.
Instead of succumbing to the incredible pain of migraines, you can get through your day with the right relief. These ten tricks may help you soothe the pain of intense headaches without any prescriptions.
Though you probably haven't sipped grape juice in years (aside from "adult" grape juice, that is), it's the perfect go-to remedy when a migraine strikes.
According to First Choice Smart and Home-Cure, grapes are an excellent pain reliever. Take a drink of all-natural grape juice (avoid sweetened kinds), or create your own at home to find relief. Blend fresh, ripe grapes with a bit of water, and you'll drink your discomfort away.
If you suffer from migraines on a regular basis, consider making one small switch to your diet: more nuts. Nuts can work as both a pain reliever and a preventative method to stave off future onsets.
As Everyday Roots writes, many varieties of nuts (specifically almonds, water chestnuts and peanuts) contain the compound salicin (also found in willow bark extracts). Salicin is a pain-blocking agent that the body turns into the active chemical in aspirin. If you don't want to reach for over the counter pain relief, try eating some almonds when a headache strikes.
Although it may feel as though your head is under an incredible amount of pressure and pain, getting in touch with certain pressure points on the body can alleviate your discomfort.
When you begin to feel the first tinges of a migraine, place a bit of pressure on your craniosacral system. By pressing with your fingers on certain migraine-specific spots, you can force your brain to relax and rest, restarting it from a pain-free place. Though it increases pressure in the cranium, it works to send the tension that's building in your brain elsewhere.
Check out Acupressure's Potent Points: A Guide to Self-Care for Common Ailments for more on using acupressure to relieve headaches and migraines.
Ever tried chewing on a piece of ginger in its natural form? You may want to try it after hearing about its pain-relieving powers.
According to Everyday Roots, ginger root affects the way our body handles inflammation and pain. When we ingest ginger root, it sparks the production of lipids within our cells—and lipids work to calm the nerves that react when we feel pain. Ginger root stops our body from recognizing and responding when migraines occur and can soothe nausea. All you need to do is chew on a piece, or sip some ginger root tea.
You've heard that eating turkey on Thanksgiving can make you sleepy thanks to its tryptophan. Did you know that it can also help you to find relief from migraine pain faster?
Tryptophan is an essential amino acid that stimulates dopamine in the brain. Dopamine is the "happy" chemical, one that helps us to feel great, and it is also a key component in the release of serotonin within the body. Serotonin works to relax the body, alleviating anxiety, worry, and negativity. Even more importantly, as tryptophan helps to produce dopamine and, in turn, serotonin, it relaxes the muscles surrounding the brain, soothing the capillaries of the scalp.
A regular massage may seem like a luxury, but when a migraine strikes, it can be the best way to relive all that's built up in your head.
Learn how to give yourself a calming and pain relieving massage, and you can prevent your migraines from growing worse, quickly. As you stretch and massage both the neck and the base of the scalp, you will stimulate blood flow and relaxation, sending the pain away from your head.
Check out Theory & Practice of Therapeutic Massage for more on how to relieve the pain of headaches and migraines through massage.
There are two tried-and-true methods that most of us turn to when facing an injury and its pain: hot or cold therapy. While it might seem odd to consider placing an iced or heated pack on your head, it can make all of the difference in just a few minutes.
As Stress Knots and the Mayo Clinic both recommend, simply choose which works best for your migraines. When you apply heat, your muscles will relax, and pain will lower. If you choose icy cold, you will numb the areas most in pain to all that they are feeling.
Try out one of these headache hat or other ice pack headbands — keep the included ice pack in the freezer so it's cold when pain strikes. If heat works for you, try this moist heat headache wrap or eye mask.
Although it may be painful to consider heading out into the sunlight when you're struggling to stop a migraine, getting close to nature can help—if you have an herb garden nearby. Ginger, peppermint, and cayenne can provide some natural pain relief and can treat both a headache and nausea that often comes with a migraine.
As Food Matters writes, ingesting these herbs offers the fastest relief. Create an at-home herbal tea by mixing cayenne pepper, fresh ginger, and peppermint leaves and steeping them in hot water for 15 minutes.
If you aren't a fan of hot tea, you can also create a migraine-soothing lemonade mix that combines lavender and lemons into one healing remedy.
Light is painful when you're suffering from a minimal headache, a hangover, and especially a migraine. Its brightness can trigger an even greater head pain, so don't be afraid to turn things down a bit.
As mentioned at ZeroWays, sensory stimuli can make migraines worse—and bright lights are one of the most problematic of these. To achieve quick relief, shut out as much light as you can. Turn down the brightness by shutting off the lights in the room you're in, and make sure to close the blinds or curtains. If you're in need of even greater help, don't be afraid to wear sunglasses, either indoors or out. The lenses can protect you from both natural and unnatural light. You could even grab a sleep mask to block out the light and lie down for a little while.
Although caffeine can cause headaches of its own in large amounts, a small dose of a beverage like coffee or soda can soothe the pain of an intense migraine.
When you drink caffeine, it can offer pain relieving benefits—as long as you drink just a small amount, as the Mayo Clinic notes. If you drink it right when you feel a migraine beginning to appear, it can also improve the effects of Tylenol, aspirin, and other over-the-counter pain relievers (Excedrine Migraine includes caffeine for this reason).
Whatever you choose to calm your intense migraine pain, keep track of what you eat, drink, and do when you get them. Finding the trigger to your headaches can help you avoid them in the future. Avoiding certain foods, ingredients, and activities, you can keep migraines at bay and not have to endure their awful reign.
I also suffer with migraine. When I get migraine headache i do pranayama and it will subside.
I have migraines everyday I would try epsom salt bath with a hot or cold pack on your neck and take magnesium. I would also try sports tape. And someone pressing down on your shoulders.
A friend of mine use to get them all the time then she got the inner little flap of her ears pierced. She says it helped tremendously.
Have a piece of ginger tucked into your left cheek, and slowly eat about a cup of salty almonds and every other bite, chew some ginger in with the nuts. Then have one cup of coffee. The pressure will remain, but not the death-wishing pain.
Mix grape juice, nuts, ginger,turkey, peppermint,cayenne, Coca Cola, and coffee in a blender with ice. Drink this mixture in a dark limo, wearing sunglasses, with both a warm towel, and and ice pack on your neck. This is the ONLY thing that works for me.
Great idea best one I've ever heard ????
I suffer from migraines and everything I try does nothing for me. When I get one it last 3 to 4 days and makes me so sick that I throw up and everything. When I sleep it goes away but then a few minutes after I get up it is in full force again. Any recommendations I can try to help me? I do not like pills so that is out. Actually I have a migraine now and this is day 2 and I am so sick.
I have the sameness problem that she doesn't and and my doctor gave me medicine and I to doesn't work and he told me that an MRI wasn't needed. Nothing hasn't helped me so far. I just wish I could releive some of the pressure and pain .
I have treatment-resistant chronic migraine diagnosed by numerous doctors. My migraines can last up to 7 days and I have migraines over 20 days a month, it's actually more common than you think.
I take botox treatments every 3 months now. I may have a migraine maybe once or twice during that whole time period between. But I used to get them then they would last for a few days sometimes longer. I'd be ok for a day or 2 then back with another migraine. No meds helped. Honestly now if I get a migraine I can take Excedrin migraine and a hot cloth to ease it most of the time. Which did not work without botox.
I have the same thing going on. I have to just sit at home all day and night. The meds my nurologist gives me just knocks me out,but doesn't help get rid of my migraine. I also feel nauseous most days. I throw up often.
I had the same problem for years I got migraine at least twice a month and would be down for 3days at a time. I now rearly get migraine I cut out cheese and sugar I also cut down on tea/coffee. I am prone to get migraine with pressure of the full moon so it's hard to avoid every trigger. I go for Reiki treatments regularly and I also go for Amatsu. I am a Reiki practioner so like you I don't like pharmaceuticals. Now if I get migraine it is mild in comparison. Hope this helps ??
I have itching on my back, stomach and side, especially just before I go to sleep and when I am sleeping. I use Foderma serum and it definitely helps a lot. It reduced or eliminated the itching. So if you have a problem like this, I highly recommend it!
Right now, i'm suffering from migraine. My eyes itch so bad, so how do I cure this?
I find that acupucture works by far more than any medication on the market. I should know i tried everything on the market. Botox injections on the back of the head in several appointments did help but not like acupucture.
1 capsule vitamin E and 1 capsule B12 in the afternoon. Every day, the advice came from a neurologist in california who advised a family member.
Is der any hair fall bcoz of diz migraine headache..
You should consider getting a daith piercing in one or both ears. A friend suffered for years with debilitating migraines and just had hers done about a month ago. No more headaches! She tried everything before that. It's the flap of cartilage in the top part of your ear. Look it up to be sure what I'm talking about. Try it and let us know if it helps!
Thank you so much for posting this. I occasionally get migraines that last until I go to the er and get an IV. I looked up this piercing and tried pinching that stop. Its amazing, I had instant relieve. Thank you!!!
i am 14 years old and i have depression and i am going throu alot and i have been crying alot and like it can be an hour in a half after i cry and i will get a huge migraine and like it can be days were im not crying i can just be sitting there and all of a sudden get a migraine and i dont know what to do. CAN I GET ADVICE PLEASE!!!!!!!!!!
The caffeine + pain reliever is working well for me right now, thank goodness!
Just got to work and felt an aura coming on. Had trouble looking at my computer screen. Took 3 ibuprofen and drank a cup of coffee and the aura is subsiding. Still have a dull headache, but I think I can continue to work. I highly recommend this combination if you don't have access to Excedrin!
Ibuprofen + Caffeine is working!
I was wondering if Migraines could be genetic? My mom, Younger brother and I all get them.
I was also wondering if there was any like, Little kid help to stop them or even ease them. My younger brother gets them really bad sometimes to where if he had any plans for the day their ruined.


There you have it, folks. If you have a natural affinity for writing and would like to share your thoughts or stories with the world, there's no one stopping you except yourself. If you'd like to write books, blogs, magazine articles, newspaper columns, or whatever, just start doing it. No one will hold you by the hand and help you to get started. Yes, you will get lots of guidance and a plethora of resources along the way (which you'll certainly need), but when it comes to actually sitting down and figuratively getting your hands dirty with ink, it's you and only you, who will have to make that first step.
Many fledging writers are scared and nervous to begin and that's understandable. I myself was in that same boat riding those choppy waters before my first book. I worried whether I was good enough, whether I was qualified, whether people will take me seriously or if even want to read what I write.
Despite all those fears, my desire to write was overwhelming. I had always been captivated by the power of prose and whenever I picked up pen and paper, it felt like I was creating my own bit of magic, the conjuror of my own world of words. I had written lots of poetry, a few short stories, had even written and directed a play in high school. But a book! I was both thrilled and terrified at the thought of starting that journey.
My favorite genre was mysteries and I wanted to write teenage fiction like the Nancy Drew and Hardy Boys books I had enjoyed as a young girl. Oh, but it was so difficult to get started! With a full-time job, two teenage children and so many other demands I had to fulfill, when would I find the time? Then I realized I had to make the time. I'd have to squeeze in an hour here and an hour there or I'd never get anywhere. So one eventful night, I closeted myself in the basement and started the first few lines of my book.
My initial draft was shaky and stormy and my plot so full of holes that I wanted to bury my aspirations as an author inside one of those holes and never let them see the light of day again. But I had come a far way and giving up was not an option. So I kept chipping away at my manuscript, determined to make it better. I knew that many other writers had gone through this very same rite of passage and if they had given up, the world would have been deprived of some really great writings and books.
If anyone asked me where I got the idea for the book, I will tell you honestly that I don't know. I was definitely a pantser. The urban dictionary will tell you that a pantser is someone who fly by the seat of their pants when writing their book. They only have a basic idea of what they want it to be and they don't work with an outline. The book could go anywhere or nowhere. Well, thankfully mine went somewhere. I was able to complete it two and a half years later.
But life is never free of challenges and roadblocks. I wish I could say that it was the beginning of a beautiful career after my first book came out but the truth is, it wasn't. I've chronicled a bit of that story in my blog entitled, "How I Took the Treasure and Turned it into the Moon." In those intervening years when I stopped writing, I read as much as I could and became like a sponge soaking up the intricacies of the writing craft. This stood me in good stead when I eventually started to write again.
So my message here is, for anyone who loves to write and especially for those who have a few book ideas bouncing around in their heads, don't set limitations on yourself or let anyone do it for you. Start small but start somewhere. Your journey as an author begins with a single word. There's space on the shelf for your work and if you don't claim it, someone else will. Just. Start.Writing.


text:
El ratpenat d'orelles grogues amazònic (Vampyriscus bidens) és una espècie de ratpenat sud-americà, que viu a Bolívia, el Brasil, Colòmbia, l'Equador, Guaiana francesa, Guyana, el Perú, Surinam i Veneçuela.

Referències

Enllaços externs

Vampyressa

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The bowl was shaped and polished on the wheel to emphasise the veins in the pinkish agate.
Standing cup and cover; chalcedony; silver-gilt mounts; flattened globular body, lower part gadrooned; upright lip; knop with spiral flutes; octagonal base; conical cover, gadrooned on upper part; mount in form of coronet of trefoils; Gothic finial on top; mounts with tree-trunk entwined with vine leaves; cup rests on mount of oak leaves; colour is mainly grey, passing into lilac or a milky tint, with veins of red and white.
Origin: Uncertain; no silver punch-marks; previously described as 'German, about 1480' but entirely remounted (with modern additions of agate) during 19th century.
Marks: None has been found, nor is there any assay mark to indicate that the silver was scraped for testing.
Commentary: In Read 1902, and again in Dalton 1927, the attribution of this covered cup to a German workshop, c. 1480, was made without reservation. Nevertheless, the present author's grave concern about the true age of the silver-gilt mounts and certain technical aspects of the construction led to the object's being described only as "in the late Gothic style" and as "exemplifying the court taste in the late Gothic period for collecting beautiful hardstones, shaped and polished on the wheel" (Tait 1981, p. 32, pl. IV, where care was taken not to repeat the former published attribution to a late fifteenth-century German workshop). More recently it was possible to remove - in laboratory conditions - the bowl and calyx from the stem, thereby revealing even more compelling evidence of the nineteenth-century origin of the mounts and of the alterations to the agate bowl.
(i) Grünes Gewölbe, Dresden: A small, straight-sided standing-cup and cover of reddish jasper with spiral fluting on bowl and cover; H. 22.5 cm (inv. no. V. 488, see J.L. Sponsel, 'Das Grüne Gewölbe zu Dresden', vol. I, Leipzig, 1925, pl. 4; Joachim Menzhausen, 'Das Grünes Gewölbe', Leipzig, 1968, p. 73, pl. 9, where the mounts are again described as 'copper' and the cresting on the cover as 'gilded bronze'; also Hans R. Hahnloser and Susanne Bruger-Koch, 'Corpus der Hartsteinschliffe des 12-15 Jahrhunderts', Berlin, 1985, p. 190, no. 370, col. pl. XXI, pl. 314, where the mounts are described as silver-gilt).
The main differences between this fifteenth-century example, which is unique in possessing its original hardstone cover, and the Waddesdon Bequest version are, firstly, the greater simplicity of the Dresden covered cup: the octagonal foot has a very simple flat mount with a border of bold square-ended 'claws'. Secondly, the eight-sided foot rises to form a slender eight-faceted stem - without any spiral or twisting. The mount at the join with the base of the bowl is an elegant form of 'inverted cresting' which does not repeat the design of the cresting protecting the rim of the cover. Furthermore, the cover is neither conical nor enriched with any other metal mounts (except for a later repair to the jasper finial). Whereas the rim-mount on the bowl is plain and functional, the cresting around the rim of the cover is both open and delicate; the latter is accompanied by a rounded fine-wire 'chain' - the only feature that can be said to be at all similar to the Waddesdon Bequest example.
(ii) Grünes Gewölbe, Dresden: Two jasper spherical bowls, both fragments of standing-cups (now lost); the larger has a vertical cylindrical neck and a short downward-projecting section beneath the bowl (H. 12 cm; inv. no. V. 558); the smaller has no neck but is ground flat on the top edge, thereby cutting off the spiral fluting, and underneath it has a short downward-projecting section (H. 6 cm; inv. no. V. 559; see Hahnloser 1985, p. 196, nos 387-8, pl. 327).
These two unmounted fragments of standing-cups provide valuable evidence of the method of cutting the bowl so that the uppermost section of the stem was incorporated on the underside of the bowl. This short cylindrical section would not be polished because it would be hidden beneath the upper collar (gold, silver or gilt-metal) of the stem.
Furthermore, the larger of the two bowls corresponds very closely in its form of spiral fluting - also stopping at the shoulders. However, the cylindrical neck does not need a metal mount to hide (and, indeed, secure) the join between the base of the neck and the mouth of the spherical bowl - there is no join. If the smaller of the two bowls was to have had a vertical cylindrical neck, like the Waddesdon Bequest example, then it too would have needed a metal mount at the join, but, significantly, the spiral fluting does not stop at the shoulders and so the intention may have been different - perhaps it may have been designed as a large knop for a stem.
In the absence of any well-documented standing-cup incorporating a hardstone spherical bowl and a hardstone vertical neck, with which to compare the Waddesdon Bequest example, it is impossible to reach any firm conclusion about late fifteenth- or early sixteenth-century practice. On the evidence of the two unmounted bowls in Dresden, however, there is far more evidence in favour of the vertical neck being carved in one with the bowl (as on the larger of the two) and of stopping the spiral fluting at the shoulders. Although the evidence of the smaller of the two bowls remains ambiguous, it seems unlikely that the flat surface around the rim was intended to receive a separately made vertical neck, because no moulding or lip was cut to give the 'claws' of the metal mounts a suitable surface around which to grip and so secure the neck to the bowl.
(iii) Stockholm, Swedish Royal Husgerådskammarens: The Jupiter agate standing-cup with spiral fluted spherical bowl and enamelled gold mounts and cover surmounted by Jupiter and his Eagle (H. 26.9 cm; inv. no. HGK. SS. 28; also Nationalmusee utställningskatalog 305, p. 497; see 'En Värld i miniatyr', Stockholm, 1982, p. 88, no. 28, col. pl. on p. 87).
Although the bowl is very similar to the Waddesdon Bequest example, both in its form and in its spiral fluting (stopping at the shoulders), it has no hardstone neck - only a short one in gold. This gold neck and rim-mount, like the entire cover of gold, the two gold collars above and below the knop of the stem and the gold foot-rim, are enriched with high-quality enamelled decoration typical of the second quarter of the seventeenth century. The octagonal agate foot, rising to form the bottom of the stem, has eight straight facets - similar to those already noted on the Dresden jasper covered standing-cup. However, the stem is quickly interrupted by two large seventeenth-century enamelled gold collars, which have been introduced above and below the simple faceted agate knop. Consequently it may be assumed that this Royal Swedish Kunstkammer piece was mounted by a Court goldsmith, who had been commissioned to incorporate as much of the late medieval agate cup as had survived. Was a nineteenth-century goldsmith similarly commissioned to do the same when the standing-cup and cover (now in the Waddesdon Bequest) was created in its present form?
(iv) Copenhagen, formerly in the Danish Royal Kunstkammer and, since 1824, in the National Museum: An agate double standing-cup formed by fitting together two almost identical bowls, each with spiral fluting (H. 15.8 cm; inv. no. D. 99; Hahnloser 1985, p. 200, no. 399, pl. 336). These two late medieval bowls, together with a hexagonal foot rising to a very short six-faceted stem, have been set in elaborate mid-seventeenth-century enamelled gold mounts, richly decorated with floral motifs. This piece is evidence, yet again, of these incomplete pieces of late fifteenth-century carved agate vessels being salvaged and reassembled within extravagant gold enamelled mounts for a seventeenth-century Kunstkammer.
(v) Copenhagen, Rosenborg Castle: A jasper, footed bowl, with spiral fluting on the hemispherical bowl (H. 6.1 cm; inv. no. L. 95; see 'Christian IV and Europe', The 19th Art Exhibition of the Council of Europe, Copenhagen, 1988, p. 180, no. 644, with illus., where the mounts are described as "gold with niello"; also Hahnloser 1985, p. 214, no. 442, pl. 362, where the mounts are described as "silber vergoldet, email").
Fortunately, this historic piece of fifteenth-century carved red jasper is known to have been mounted in Denmark in 1627 for Kirsten Munk (1598-1658), who was married in 1615 to King Christian IV of Denmark and bore him twelve children. Its subsequent history is also well documented, and it is yet further evidence of the fashion for remounting these pieces of late medieval hardstone carving, possibly because the original mounts had been made only of gilt copper - as, for example, on the very comparable late medieval agate footed bowl (H. 8 cm), which has been preserved in the Kunstkammer of the Dukes of Württemberg (Stuttgart, Württembergisches Landesmuseum, inv. no. KK. 98; see M. Landenberger, 'Kleinodien aus dem Württembergischen Landesmuseum, Stuttgart', Pfullingen, 1973, p. 18, col. pl.; also Hahnloser 1985, p. 214; no. 443, pl. 363).
(vi) Grünes Gewölbe, Dresden: A standing covered cup, evidently created from several components of mixed origins, includes a hexagonal agate foot with slightly twisted or spiral facets rising to a six-sided stem, a rock-crystal bowl, silver-gilt mounts and silver cover with finial figure (H. 20.5 cm, inv. no. V. 223; see Hahnloser 1985, p. 220, no. 459, pl. 373). The cutting of the agate foot and stem, with its slightly spiral facets, is very similar to the carving on the foot of the Waddesdon Bequest standing-cup and cover, although neither the shape nor the profile is the same, and, in Hahnloser 1985, the carving of the agate foot and stem of this Dresden conflation was stated to date from the fifteenth century.
Although other documented examples of this type of late medieval hardstone carving survive, their relevance is less direct - see, for example, the two pairs of footed bowls in Vienna ('Katalog der Sammlung für Plastik und Kunstgewerbe', Kunsthistorisches Museum, I, Vienna, 1964, nos 40-1; II, Vienna, 1968, nos 38-9, or those in Florence and Modena (Hahnloser 1985, nos 396-7, 438, 440-1, 446, pls 334-5, 360, 362-3).
No well-documented example has survived in which the stem incorporates a knop of spherical form - let alone with spiral fluting, as on the Waddesdon Bequest standing-cup and cover. Indeed, the only well-documented example with a carved knop in the stem is the Stockholm Jupiter standing-cup, which, although remounted in the seventeenth century, appears to have retained its rather modest, faceted, late medieval knop. In its simplicity and small scale it bears no relation to the colourful and almost massive knop on the Waddesdon Bequest standing-cup, which can best be compared with the one fully documented spherical piece of banded agate that has survived: it is the musk-ball or pomander - Bisamapel in German - from the Kunstkammer of the Dukes of Württemberg (Stuttgart, Württembergisches Landesmuseum, inv. no. KK. 120; DIAM. 4.1 cm; H. Siefert, in 'Die Renaissance im Deutschen Südwesten, exh. cat., Karlsruhe, 1986, p. 687, no. L 126, with illus., where it is tentatively described as "Deutschland (?), 1520 (?)" and discussed in relation to the evidence of the portrait of Susanna von Pfalz in the Bayerische Staatgemälde-sammlungen, Munich, no. 2450). Although the similarities are striking, there is neither spiral fluting nor is the vertical fluting as sharp as on the Waddesdon Bequest knop. Indeed, the latter is so deeply and crisply cut that the spiral flutes effectively prevent the serrated borders of 'claws' (above and below the knop) from resting on the surface of the agate - let alone gripping the knop to ensure that it is held secure within the silver-gilt mounts.
(i) The foot and stem being drilled to take a modern central rod, which is attached to the stub on the underside of the bowl in a way that disregards the former means (grooves, etc.) of fastening.
(ii) The foot and stem being made incapable of unscrewing and disassembling in the normal manner by the introduction of a modern cylindrical silver tube.
(iii) The octagonal agate foot being cut in an almost straight oblique profile, instead of the normal concave curve leading up towards the vertical stem section.
(iv) The sharpness of the cutting of the spiral fluting of the knop and because it is fitted like a 'sleeve' over the hollow cylindrical silver stem, there is a total disregard of the true function of the 'claws' of the mounts above and below.
(v) The failure of the bowl to rest snugly in the modern silver-gilt calyx of leaves - the reverse of which vividly proclaims that it is a modern electrotype (galvano-plastique) - creates a curious gap between the two surfaces, although there is neither looseness nor movement.
(vi) The application of a separately made neck on to the top of the bowl - apparently using some form of adhesive and not relying on the silver-gilt collar to secure them together.
(vii) The conical cover, which has a shape that is without parallel, and the two mounts (a fine-wire 'chain' and a coronet of trefoils) applied to two rounded mouldings, one above the other, in the most unexpected fashion, while leaving the rim totally unprotected.
(viii) The perfect condition of all the silver-gilt mounts, from the very vulnerably placed finial and coronet (on the cover) to the foot-rim; in addition, their repetitive character and lack of finesse in detail create an impression of coarseness that is indicative of the nineteenth century and completely at variance with the proposed origin of this luxury object at some leading centre of courtly patronage around 1500.
As a result, only the agate bowl - without its neck - and the octagonal foot (with its cracks and signs of wear) can be accepted as probably having a late medieval origin, though even the foot and its (now lost) stem have been so severely trimmed that only the middle section has remained, thereby creating a less curving outline than is usual.
(i) The covered standing-cup in the Museo Lazaro Galdiano, Madrid; (H. 21.5 cm; see Hahnloser 1985, p. 196, no. 386, pl. 327, where the authenticity of the late medieval carving is questioned.) Furthermore, the silver-gilt mounts, which have almost identical serrated 'claw' borders to those on the Waddesdon Bequest example, are also doubted in Hahnloser 1985, where the attribution "German, circa 1600" is questioned. The author's limited access to this object has reinforced his conviction that no part of this object was older than the nineteenth century. Neither its form nor its technical execution was acceptable as consistent with late medieval practice.
(ii) The so-called 'Gothic covered salt-cellar of pink agate'; (H. 15.5 cm; Sotheby's, London, 13 December 1979, lot 90, col. pl.; Sotheby Parke Bernet Monaco S.A., 26 May 1975, lot 154, col. pl.; formerly in the Château de Ferrières, France, built in 1857.) The silver-gilt mounts of cast and pierced foliage are particularly heavy and obtrusive around the rim of the bowl and the rim of the cover - the latter being so similar to the bowl that they form a spherical double-cup when joined together. The hexagonal stem and foot are carved from one piece of agate but the six sides of the foot-rim are disguised by the elaborate silver-gilt rim-mount with its six segmental lobes, each filled with Gothic foliage - thereby creating a curious six-lobed base around the hexagonal agate foot. The faceted agate finial (on the cover) rests in a tiny openwork coronet and is capped by cagework foliage of feeble, meaningless design. Undoubtedly this object, like that in the Museo Lazaro Galdiano, has remained unaltered since it was made.
(iii) The agate Scheuer or standing-cup with handle; (H. 21 cm; Victoria and Albert Museum, inv. no. 389-1854; C. Oman, 'German and Swiss Domestic Silver of the Gothic Period', Victoria and Albert Museum, 1960, pl. 21; H. Kohlhaussen, 'Nürnberger Goldschmiedekunst des Mittelalters und der Dürerzeit 1240-1540', Berlin, 1968, p. 161, no. 250, fig. 274; J. M. Fritz, 'Goldschmiedekunst der Gothik in Mitteleuropa', Munich 1982, no. 639; Hahnloser 1985, p. 195, no. 385, pl. 326). The tall stem of this unique specimen does not unscrew and the author has not had the opportunity of seeing the silver-gilt mounts removed, but from his detailed observation of the object he has noted, firstly, that the neck of agate is also made separately and is joined on to the bowl in exactly the same way as on the Waddesdon Bequest standing-cup.
Secondly, the goldsmith seems to have deliberately tried to mislead the viewer, because the double strap-mount beneath the handle divides as if it had to open out in order to pass on either side of the handle. In fact, the handle does not appear to have been carved in one with the bowl, any more than the neck had been. The agate handle within the silver-gilt strap-mount appears to be carved separately and may not be attached to the side of the bowl; indeed, the spiral fluting on the bowl appears to continue without any change in the area of the handle.
Thirdly, the spiral facets of the eight-sided stem and foot follow a gentle curve to the perimeter of the foot, which, unexpectedly, is circular. This surprising feature - so contrary to late medieval design and practice - is disguised by the goldsmith with an eight-lobed foot-rim, with pierced and cast foliate ornament, standing high above the solid silver plate beneath. In the centre (on the underside of the foot) there is a similar concave polished roundel, but it is the difference in the workmanship of the silver-gilt cresting when compared with that on the Waddesdon Bequest standing-cup and cover that makes the suggestion of a possible common origin for the mounts seem less likely. The Scheuer, which was purchased in 1854 by the South Kensington Museum without any previous history, was certainly made de novo and had not been subjected to any alterations before it entered the Museum in 1854.
(iv) The jasper standing-cup and cover with silver-gilt mounts set with six sapphires and engraved with the coat of arms of the Visconti of Milan (H. 17.4cm; Kunstgewerbemuseum, Berlin, inv. no. 1969-10; see K. Pechstein, in 'Europäisches Kunsthandwerk: Neuerwerbungen 1959-1969', Katalog des Kunstgewerbemuseums, Berlin IV, 1970, no. 6, with illus., where it was attributed to Milan during the last quarter of the fifteenth century). The cover and the bowl, both carved with spiral gadroons and a horizontal groove (below the rim), are of almost identical shape and size, thereby creating a spherical entity when the gem-set rim-mounts are fitted together - just as in the case of the Château de Ferrières example mentioned above. However, on the Berlin piece the rim-mounts are less obtrusive, apart from the use of sapphires - and the six-sided stem and foot is shorter. Indeed, the circular foot-rim has an undulating silver-gilt mount that is strikingly similar to the gold and niello mount of 1627 that protects the similar footed bowl (without cover) that was mounted for Kirsten Munk, the wife of Christian IV of Denmark (Rosenborg, Copenhagen, inv. no. L. 95; already discussed). Consequently, the ubiquitous 'Gothic' cresting used on the finial and at the top of the stem, which may be derived from the famous jasper standing-cup and cover in the Grünes Gewölbe, Dresden, no longer seems so convincing, especially as it is accompanied by a band of dentil decoration (running round the rim-mount encircling the spherical body) - a unique feature within this particular group of 'late Gothic' hardstone mounted vessels. In this context, reference has to be made to a remarkable, but unprovenanced, pair of agate salts (H. 12 cm) which the author has not seen, let alone examined closely. This pair (with 'late Gothic' spiral fluted bowls and faceted stem-foot elements) are exceptional in having elaborate, but unmarked, silver-gilt mounts (foot, stem and rim) in the northern Renaissance style - recently described as "probably French, second quarter of 16th century" (see J. F. Hayward, 'Virtuoso Goldsmiths and the Triumphs of Mannerism 1540-1620', Sotheby Parke Bernet Publications, London, 1976, p. 360, pl. 249). Like the Berlin jasper cup and cover, this pair have circular foot-rims, despite the facet-cutting; again, this has led to an undulating edge that is not ideal for the 'claws' of the silver-gilt foot-rim mounts. The technical construction of these salts, which is not described, is highly relevant to the problems posed by this group.
In conclusion, the survival of four (or more) examples in a perfect state of preservation, although none has a history that can be traced back before the middle of the nineteenth century, must give rise to doubts about their authenticity, just as the Waddesdon Bequest standing-cup and cover in its present condition must now be regarded as largely a product of a nineteenth-century workshop. The choice is to continue accepting all these pieces at face value or to reassess them in the light of present-day knowledge about the activities of fakers during the last century. Even though indisputable proof may be lacking, the doubts seem well founded and fully justified.
Hugh Tait, 'Catalogue of the Waddesdon Bequest in the British Museum. II. The Curiosities', British Museum, London, 1991, no.14, figs. 181-187.


text:
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Speaking Out: Give young people the benefit of doubt
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By Speaking Out, Nicole Vaz
There is a misconception that teenagers will always jump at an opportunity to do wrong. This is based on the stereotype that teens are up to no good.
I was reminded of this as teachers and parents were handing out advice in the wake of the legalization of marijuana: "Just because it's legal doesn't mean it's good for you."
By now, it is old news that Canada became one of two countries in the world to legalize cannabis nationwide. I constantly hear my parents, teachers and even Church leaders bring up all the reasons why the legalization is a big mistake and will only encourage the use of cannabis among teenagers.
The day before the legalization of marijuana, all the senior students at my school were required to attend a mandatory assembly where all the rules, protocols and health risks of marijuana were outlined.
After this assembly I could not help but feel judged and distrusted by the adults in my life. It was at this point that the teenage stereotype became clearer to me and I was motivated to break away from this constant belief that teenagers do everything but the right thing.
It is misconceived that legalizing cannabis will drive teenagers to become constant users of the drug. In reality, some teenagers smoked marijuana before it was legal and those same people will continue to do it now that it's legal.
And those, like me, who have no interest in trying the drug are not going to start just because the law makes it more available.
Adults always seem to think the worst of teenagers. Their over-the-top concern that we will all become addicts because of the new law is just one example.
Obviously it is their job to be concerned for us and make sure that we are always safe. But it's also important to realize that young people can also be responsible, clear thinkers.
Giving teens the benefit of the doubt not only shows an adult's willingness to trust but also allows for an openness. Because we are so scared to fail and fall into the stereotype, we often feel like we have to hide our insecurities and keep our thoughts and questions to ourselves.
So many of these misconceptions and stereotypes would be eliminated if adults came straight to us. Simply asking us how we feel about the legalization of marijuana, how it is affecting us and if we even smoke shows their concern without categorizing us.
As an individual who goes to school and is constantly surrounded by other teenagers, I must admit that those kids who skip class, do drugs and have no motivation in life do exist. But they make up only a handful of our population.
The truth is the majority of us teenagers do not do drugs and the legalization of marijuana has no effect on us. As a whole, we are just young people who are full of good values and are motivated to do the right things in life.
(Vaz, 17, is a Grade 12 student at Fr. Michael Goetz Secondary School in Mississauga, Ont.)
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