text:
What Is The Original Traditional Religion Of Africa
A filthy capital city will tomorrow be the shiniest city on the hill in Africa. Armed thugs kill and cause. The idea of the Europeans were twofold. First, to propagate the gospel of their religion.
A 2015 poll by the denomination found 54 percent of U.S. pastors and 54 percent of lay leaders (though only 41 percent of lay members over-all) favored keeping the traditional policy. The congregat.
Black History Gospel Singers Related Black History Biographies: Bert Williams 1874-1922 Bert Williams was one of Broadway's most successful performers during the first two decades of the 20th century. First. Clyde McPhatter 1932-1972 Clyde McPhatter was one of the great lead R&B singers of the 1950s. His emotive high tenor voice led. Dinah Washington 1924-1963 Dinah Washington was one
Inventors of cinematic technologies, such as Thomas Edison and the Lumière brothers, were among the first to bring Jesus's life. though fictionalized, South Africa. The film employed traditional ar.
Nonetheless many experts point to the election of John Paul II, his first papal visit to his native. In short, the two dominant forms of creedal religion in the world are Catholicism and.
The first. traditional outfit of South Asia men and women, regardless of religious affiliation, consisting of a knee-length tunic and pants. Wearing or not wearing a Hijab is partly religion.
Obedience To The Faith The phenomenon of children's unflinching obedience to sexual requests from the priest is. Other churches, and the Jewish faith, leave indoctrination and spiritual commitment rituals until teenage-h. In Genesis 22 we see Abraham's obedience by faith. When I. He had the faith which counted on God to raise up the very Isaac whom he was
Can T Find My Way Home By Blind Faith Cant Find My Way Home Chords – Blind Faith, version (1). Play Cant Find My Way Home Chords using simple video lessons Try to keep it reasonable and look for proof of being that exception, rather than blind faith. that do not agree with your beliefs and hypotheses. If you can't find any customers that.
Officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Egypt is in North Africa. Its Sinai Peninsula. Nubar Pasha was thus the first Prime Minister of Egypt in the modern sense. Prior to that, Egypt had traditiona.
The Discipline Of Spiritual Discernment By Tim Challies Tim Challies wrote about the influence of godly mothers. We pray they will develop physical and spiritual strength, dignity, and discernment—properly preparing themselves to face whatever the futur. Tim Schaefer. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MP5U4lpO03w A month later, Rev. Schaefer was assessed a penalty of a 30-day suspension and told that if he would not agree to uphold the
Yet face-to-face discussion is the first step towards a united Maghreb. According to the foundational texts of the Arab Maghreb Union (AMU), North African countries share a common destiny in terms of.
The most heavily practiced religions are Christianity and Islam. There is only one theater in the whole country. In 1999, the first Chadian film, Bye Bye Africa, was made by Mahamat Saleh Haroun. H.
Common Bible Verses About Faith Have you ever come across a chapter or verse in the Bible that left you scratching your head? I want to help clear up any confusion about some popular. Apr 12, 2014. What are some of the most important verses in the Bible on faith? What is your favorite Bible verse about faith? A Definition
More than half a century after most African states gained independence, and despite many becoming modern states, traditional religion and. which convened for the first time in January this.
For the first few months, non-subscribers will still be. while American evangelicals and United Methodists from overseas — especially Africa and Asia — united to pass the Traditional Plan. America'.
It was in part through Pew numbers that I derived the first part of my. to practice their religion. Seven of these countries are concentrated in West Africa. Most of them have strong Muslim.
African Traditional Religion is the traditional religion of the African people before the coming of Islam and Christianity. However, the missionaries of the two foreign religions succeeded in converti.
However, I feel sure the Wesleyan Covenant Association people, who now have gotten their hopes fulfilled by continued exclusion of the LGBTQIA community, will be delighted to make sure the African.
While the ancestral connection is undeniable, abandoning Christ for traditional. religion, especially in North Africa. While it is harder to trace its development and expansion into West Africa, ma.
Churches In San Diego California San Diego's own streetlight story has been plotted behind closed doors, and bereft of transparency, leading critics to question city hall's ethos of secrecy and willingness to bend ethics in the pursu. OCEANSIDE, Calif. (AP) — A small plane has crashed into a hillside in coastal San Diego County. KGTV reports one person was killed
White is visiting assistant professor at the University of Puget Sound, with a joint appointment in the department of religion and the program in. of the United Methodist Church voted to pass the ".


1STWEST's enhanced Risk Intelligence Technology Platform™ features a diverse offering of both comprehensive Executive Risk Profile Reports™ and Rapid-Response Risk Reports™ geared for fast-track turn-around. Since 1991, the Comprehensive Executive Risk Profile Report™ has been 1STWEST's premier intelligence product designed to assist clients in making informed decisions on top-tier, "C- Suite" corporate executives as well as other professionals in diverse industries.. The 1STWEST Risk Profile Report™ features an enhanced Reputation-Risk category. 1STWEST also features all-level pre-employment risk screening products and customized options.
Thanks for submitting your review of 1STWEST BACKGROUND DUE DILIGENCE. We'll email you as soon as it's published, (typically within 48 hours). We really value your contributions, and so does our community of business professionals. They count on honest reviews like yours.
Thanks for submitting your review of 1STWEST BACKGROUND DUE DILIGENCE.
I would like someone to contact me with more information regarding Employment Risk Screening Division. I saw it in the SHRM Human Resource Vendor Directory.


text:
\section{Introduction}

The relativistic and nonrelativistic magnetized plasmas are under active theoretical and experimental study over several decades
due to their important role in the variety phenomena existing in nature.
Particularly, the astrophysical objects show large number of scenarios for the hot plasmas being in the strong magnetic field.
The magnetic field creates the anisotropy in plasmas,
which reveals in the anisotropic structure of tensors describing plasma dynamics at the hydrodynamic description of plasmas
and anisotropy of the distribution functions at the kinetic description of plasmas
(see for instance \cite{Hazeltine APJ 2002} and \cite{Mahajan PoP 2002}).
Variety of physical scenarios for the relativistic plasmas are recently considered in literature
\cite{Mahajan PoP 2011}
\cite{Osmanov Un 21},
\cite{Shatashvili PoP 20},
\cite{Soto-Chavez PRE 10},
\cite{Liu PPCF 21},
\cite{Comisso PRL 14},
\cite{Heyvaerts AA 12},
\cite{Munoz EPS 06},
\cite{Brunetti MNRAS 04},
\cite{She 21}.
Moreover, the plasmas in curved spacetime are also under consideration
\cite{Bhattacharjee PRD 19},
\cite{Comisso 19},
\cite{Asenjo 19},
\cite{Darbha 21},
\cite{Chabanov 21}.
Majority of these scenarios involve the strong magnetic field
which creates the anisotropy of the system.

In hydrodynamics the anisotropy reveals itself via the structure of pressure tensor $\hat{P}$.
The pressure tensor $\hat{P}$ is the symmetric second rank tensor.
It can be presented via three independent functions
if coordinate axis are chosen along the main axis of the system
\begin{equation}\label{RHD2021ClLM} \hat{P}=\left(
                                              \begin{array}{ccc}
                                                P_{xx} & 0 & 0 \\
                                                0 & P_{yy} & 0 \\
                                                0 & 0 & P_{zz} \\
                                              \end{array}
                                            \right).
\end{equation}
Otherwise the pressure is presented within six functions.

However, the symmetry of the system can decrease the number of independent functions describing the pressure tensor.
For instance, the presence of the uniform magnetic field in infinite plasmas gives the axial symmetry for the system.
Hence, the pressure tensor is presented within two functions
\begin{equation}\label{RHD2021ClLM} \hat{P}=\left(
                                              \begin{array}{ccc}
                                                P_{\perp} & 0 & 0 \\
                                                0 & P_{\perp} & 0 \\
                                                0 & 0 & P_{\parallel} \\
                                              \end{array}
                                            \right). \end{equation}
If the magnetic field is relatively weak
we can neglect the difference of the pressures $P_{\perp}\approx P_{\parallel}=p$.
Hence the pressure is proportional to the unit matrix $P^{ab}=P\cdot\delta^{ab}$,
where $\delta^{ab}$ is the Kronecker symbol.

Here we estimate the role of the anisotropy of the pressure (and the pressure-like tensors) of electrons
in the properties of waves propagating parallel to the external magnetic filed in the relativistically hot plasmas.

Above we present the discussion of the pressure tensor,
which is the flux of momentum.
However, the model under development does not include the pressure itself.
While two other hydrodynamic functions with the similar physical meaning exist in this model.
Let us describe the structure of the suggested model.
In our description we follow works
\cite{Andreev 2021 05}, \cite{Andreev 2021 06}, \cite{Andreev 2021 07}, \cite{Andreev 2021 08}, \cite{Andreev 2021 09}.
The model includes the concentration of particles $n$ and equation for its evolution,
which has form of the continuity equation.
The continuity equation includes the velocity field $\textbf{v}$ defined via the current of particles $\textbf{j}=n\textbf{v}$.
Therefore, the second equation of this system is the velocity field evolution equation.
The velocity field evolves under the influence of the electromagnetic field presented by vector fields $\textbf{E}$ and $\textbf{B}$.
The terms describing the interaction are considered in the mean-field approximation (the self-consistent field approximation).
Consequently, it contains three following functions
the average reverse gamma factor $\Gamma$,
the average flux of reverse gamma factor $t^{a}$,
and
the second rank tensor of the current of the flux of reverse gamma factor $t^{ab}$.
The divergence of the flux of the current of particles $p^{ab}$ gives the kinematic mechanism of the evolution of the velocity field as well.
The velocity field evolution equation shows
that the model includes the following low rank tensors:
the scalar function of the average reverse gamma factor $\Gamma$,
and
the vector function of the average flux of reverse gamma factor $t^{a}$.
Therefore, the evolution equations for these functions are included in the model.
The interaction in this equations is also considered in the mean-field approximation.
the evolution of scalar function $\Gamma$ is expressed via the divergence of vector $t^{a}$.
Moreover, the interaction contribution is expressed via the concentration, the velocity field,
and the flux of current of particles $p^{ab}$.
Hence, no additional functions appear there.
The evolution of vector $t^{a}$ is expressed via the divergence of tensor $t^{ab}$.
The interaction contribution in this equation is presented via the concentration $n$,
current of particles $\textbf{j}=n\textbf{v}$, the flux of current of particles $p^{ab}$,
and the fourth rank tensor $M^{abcd}$,
which is the flux of flux of tensor $p^{ab}$.
Overall, we see the contribution of three high-rank tensors
$p^{ab}$, $t^{ab}$, and $M^{abcd}$,
which requires some equations of state.
Model presented in Refs.
\cite{Andreev 2021 05}, \cite{Andreev 2021 06}, \cite{Andreev 2021 07}, \cite{Andreev 2021 08}, \cite{Andreev 2021 09}
applies the equations of state appearing from relations of tensors $p^{ab}$, $t^{ab}$, $M^{abcd}$
with other hydrodynamic functions obtained for the equilibrium state.
These relations are found via the application of the relativistic Maxwell distribution function.
In earlier papers we focus on approximately isotropic form of the second rank tensors.
To this end, in those papers the equations of state are calculated using isotropic form of the relativistic Maxwellian distribution function.

There are examples of generalization of the relativistic Maxwellian distribution function
\cite{Hazeltine APJ 2002},
where the prefactor in front of the exponent contain combination of parameters giving the anisotropy.
Particularly, the parameter proportional to difference of parallel and perpendicular pressures is introduced.
Some methods introduce the two-temperature description of each species,
where one temperature related to the motion parallel to the magnetic field
and the second temperature is related to the motion perpendicular to the magnetic field.
However, the temperature is the scalar function.
Therefore, the effects of anisotropy cannot lead to several temperatures for the species.
Each species has single temperature.
While, it is well-known that the temperatures of different species (the electrons and ions, for example) can be different.

Below we present a hydrodynamic model which is derived from the microscopic model \cite{Andreev 2021 05}, \cite{Andreev 2021 09}.
The microscopic motion of classic relativistic particles is traced to obtain corresponding definitions and equations for the macroscopic functions.
Most simple definition allowing to show the structure of all hydrodynamic functions is the concentration of particles
$n(\textbf{r},t)$,
which is defined in the arbitrary inertial frame \cite{Kuz'menkov 91}, \cite{Drofa TMP 96}, \cite{Andreev PIERS 2012}
\begin{equation}\label{RHD2021ClLM concentration definition} n(\textbf{r},t)=\frac{1}{\Delta}\int_{\Delta}d\mbox{\boldmath $\xi$}\sum_{i=1}^{N}\delta(\textbf{r}+\mbox{\boldmath $\xi$}-\textbf{r}_{i}(t)). \end{equation}
The integral operator counts the number of particles in the vicinity of the point of space.
hence, we have the number of particles in the volume $\Delta$ around point of space $\textbf{r}$ in an arbitrary moment in time $t$.
The subindex $i$ refers to the number of particle, while $N$ is the total number of particles in the system.
Vector $\textbf{r}_{i}(t)$ presents the radius-vector of $i$-th particle.
Vector $\mbox{\boldmath $\xi$}$ presented under integral in (\ref{RHD2021ClLM concentration definition}) scans the $\Delta$-vicinity.

The number and form of other hydrodynamic functions are obtained during the derivation.
each step of derivation shows
which functions can be applied for the extension of the model.
Their definitions appear via operator
\begin{equation}\label{RHD2021ClLM formula for average}\langle ...\rangle\equiv\frac{1}{\Delta}\int_{\Delta}d\mbox{\boldmath $\xi$}
\sum_{i=1}^{N} ... \delta(\textbf{r}+\mbox{\boldmath $\xi$}-\textbf{r}_{i}(t)),\end{equation}
which is illustrated for the concentration above \cite{Andreev 2021 05}.
Therefore, we have the following set of functions:
the current of particles $\textbf{j}=\langle \textbf{v}_{i}(t)\rangle$,
which allows to introduce the velocity field $\textbf{v}=\textbf{j}/n$,
the reverse gamma factor $\Gamma=\langle \frac{1}{\gamma_{i}}\rangle$,
the flux of reverse gamma factor $t^{a}=\langle \frac{1}{\gamma_{i}}v_{i}^{a} \rangle -\Gamma v^{a}$,
the flux of the current of particles $p^{ab}=\langle v_{i}^{a}v_{i}^{b} \rangle-n v^{a}v^{b}$,
the current of the flux reverse gamma factor $t^{ab}=\langle \frac{1}{\gamma_{i}}v_{i}^{a}v_{i}^{b} \rangle-\Gamma v^{a}v^{b}-t^{a}v^{b}- v^{a}t^{b}$,
here $\gamma_{i}=1/\sqrt{1-\textbf{v}_{i}(t)^{2}/c^{2}}$ is the relativistic gamma factor if $i$-th particle.
The energy-momentum density is not presented here since it is included in the hydrodynamic model.
Quantum modernization of this method is developed in literature
\cite{Maksimov QHM 99}, \cite{Andreev PoF 21}, \cite{Andreev JPP 21}, \cite{Andreev Ch 21}.

This paper is organized as follows.
In Sec. II the relativistic hydrodynamic equations are presented and discussed for the isotropic plasmas.
In Sec. III the contribution of the anisotropy in the spectra of collective excitations is considered analytically.
In Sec. IV a brief summary of obtained results is presented.

\section{Relativistic hydrodynamic model}

Here we follow Refs. \cite{Andreev 2021 05}, \cite{Andreev 2021 09},
and generalize isotropic pressure regimes applied in Refs. \cite{Andreev 2021 06}, \cite{Andreev 2021 07}, \cite{Andreev 2021 08}
where a set of relativistic hydrodynamic equations
is obtained and applied for plasmas with the relativistic temperatures.
The model is composed of four equations.
There are other hydrodynamic models of high-temperature relativistic plasmas,
where the interaction of particles is considered in terms of the momentum evolution equation
\cite{Hazeltine APJ 2002}, \cite{Mahajan PoP 2002}, \cite{Shatashvili PoP 20}, \cite{Shatashvili ASS 97}, \cite{Shatashvili PoP 99}, \cite{Mahajan PRL 03}.

First equation in the presented model is the continuity equation \cite{Andreev 2021 05}
\begin{equation}\label{RHD2021ClLM cont via v} \partial_{t}n+\nabla\cdot(n\textbf{v})=0.\end{equation}

Next, the velocity field evolution equation is \cite{Andreev 2021 05}, \cite{Andreev 2021 09}
$$n\partial_{t}v^{a}+n(\textbf{v}\cdot\nabla)v^{a}
+\frac{1}{m}\partial_{b}[p_{\parallel}e_{B}^{a}e_{B}^{b}+p_{\perp}(\delta^{ab}-e_{B}^{a}e_{B}^{b})]$$
$$=\frac{e}{m}\Gamma E^{a}+\frac{e}{mc}\varepsilon^{abc}(\Gamma v_{b}+t_{b})B_{c}
-\frac{e}{mc^{2}}(\Gamma v^{a} v^{b}+v^{a}t^{b}+v^{b}t^{a})E_{b}$$
\begin{equation}\label{RHD2021ClLM Euler for v}
-\frac{e}{mc^{2}}(\tilde{t}_{\parallel}e_{B}^{a}e_{B}^{b}+\tilde{t}_{\perp}(\delta^{ab}-e_{B}^{a}e_{B}^{b}))E_{b}, \end{equation}
where tensor
$p^{ab}=p_{\parallel}e_{B}^{a}e_{B}^{b}+p_{\perp}(\delta^{ab}-e_{B}^{a}e_{B}^{b})$
is the flux of the thermal velocities,
and tensor $t^{ab}=\tilde{t}_{\parallel}e_{B}^{a}e_{B}^{b}+\tilde{t}_{\perp}(\delta^{ab}-e_{B}^{a}e_{B}^{b})$
is the flux of the average reverse gamma-factor.
Here we use unit vector in the direction of the external magnetic field $\textbf{e}_{B}=\textbf{B}_{ext}/B_{ext}=\textbf{e}_{z}$
which coincides with the unit vector of z-axis.
Therefore, if $a=x$ we find $\partial_{b}p^{ab}=\partial_{x}p_{\perp}$ (same for $a=y$).
Similarly, if $a=z$ we find $\partial_{b}p^{ab}=\partial_{z}p_{\parallel}$.
Parameters $m$ and $e$ are the mass and charge of particle,
$c$ is the speed of light,
$\delta^{ab}$ is the three-dimensional Kronecker symbol,
$\varepsilon^{abc}$ is the three-dimensional Levi-Civita symbol.
In equation (\ref{RHD2021ClLM Euler for v}) and below we assume the summation on the repeating index
$v^{b}_{s}E_{b}=\sum_{b=x,y,z}v^{b}_{s}E_{b}$.
Moreover, the metric tensor has diagonal form corresponding to the Minkovskii space,
it has the following sings $g^{\alpha\beta}=\{-1, +1, +1, +1\}$.
Hence, we can change covariant and contrvariant indexes for the three-vector indexes: $v^{b}_{s}=v_{b,s}$.
The Latin indexes like $a$, $b$, $c$ etc describe the three-vectors,
while the Greek indexes are deposited for the four-vector notations.
The Latin indexes can refer to the species $s=e$ for electrons or $s=i$ for ions.
The Latin indexes can refer to the number of particle $j$ at the microscopic description.
However, the indexes related to coordinates are chosen from the beginning of the alphabet,
while other indexes are chosen in accordance with their physical meaning.

The equation of evolution of the averaged reverse relativistic gamma factor includes the action of the electric field
$$\partial_{t}\Gamma+\partial_{b}(\Gamma v^{b}+t^{b})$$
$$=-\frac{e}{mc^{2}}n\textbf{v}\cdot\textbf{E}
\biggl(1-\frac{1}{c^{2}}\biggl(\textbf{v}^{2}+\frac{(p_{\parallel}+2p_{\perp})}{n}\biggr)\biggr)$$
\begin{equation}\label{RHD2021ClLM eq for Gamma}
+2\frac{e}{mc^{4}}nv_{b}E_{a}(p_{\parallel}e_{B}^{a}e_{B}^{b}+p_{\perp}(\delta^{ab}-e_{B}^{a}e_{B}^{b})) .\end{equation}
Function $\Gamma$ is also called the hydrodynamic Gamma function \cite{Andreev 2021 05}.

The fourth and final equation in this set of hydrodynamic equations is the equation of evolution for the thermal part of
current of the reverse relativistic gamma factor (the hydrodynamic Theta function):
\begin{widetext}$$(\partial_{t}+\textbf{v}\cdot\nabla)t^{a}
+\partial_{b}[\tilde{t}_{\parallel}e_{B}^{a}e_{B}^{b}+\tilde{t}_{\perp}(\delta^{ab}-e_{B}^{a}e_{B}^{b})]
+(\textbf{t}\cdot\nabla) v^{a}+t^{a} (\nabla\cdot \textbf{v})
+\Gamma(\partial_{t}+\textbf{v}\cdot\nabla)v^{a}$$
$$
=\frac{e}{m}nE^{a}\biggl[1-\frac{\textbf{v}^{2}}{c^{2}}-\frac{(p_{\parallel}+2p_{\perp})}{nc^{2}}\biggr]
+\frac{e}{mc}\varepsilon^{abc}nv_{b}B_{c}
\biggl[1-\frac{\textbf{v}^{2}}{c^{2}}-\frac{(p_{\parallel}+2p_{\perp})}{nc^{2}}\biggr]$$
$$-\frac{2e}{mc^{3}}\varepsilon^{abc}v^{d}B_{c}
[p_{\parallel}e_{B,b}e_{B,d}+p_{\perp}(\delta_{bd}-e_{B,b}e_{B,d})]
-\frac{2e}{mc^{2}}E_{b}
\biggl(nv^{a}v^{b}
+[p_{\parallel}e_{B}^{a}e_{B}^{b}+p_{\perp}(\delta^{ab}-e_{B}^{a}e_{B}^{b})]\biggr)$$
$$
+\frac{2e}{mc^{4}}nv^{a}v^{b}E_{b}\biggl[\textbf{v}^{2}+\frac{p_{\parallel}+2p_{\perp}}{n}\biggr]
+\frac{4e}{mc^{4}}E_{b} v^{a}v_{c}    [p_{\parallel}e_{B}^{b}e_{B}^{c}+p_{\perp}(\delta^{bc}-e_{B}^{b}e_{B}^{c})]$$
$$+\frac{4e}{mc^{4}}E^{b} v_{b}v_{c}  [p_{\parallel}e_{B}^{a}e_{B}^{c}+p_{\perp}(\delta^{ac}-e_{B}^{a}e_{B}^{c})]
+\frac{2e}{mc^{4}}E_{b} \textbf{v}^{2} [p_{\parallel}e_{B}^{a}e_{B}^{b}+p_{\perp}(\delta^{ab}-e_{B}^{a}e_{B}^{b})]$$
\begin{equation}\label{RHD2021ClLM eq for t a}
+\frac{2e}{mc^{4}}
(M_{\parallel}+2M_{\parallel,\perp})e_{B}^{a}(\textbf{e}_{B}\cdot \textbf{E})
+\frac{2e}{mc^{4}}
(M_{\parallel,\perp}+4M_{\perp})(\delta^{ab}-e_{B}^{a}e_{B}^{b})] E_{b}.\end{equation}
All hydrodynamic equations are obtained in the mean-field approximation (the self-consistent field approximation).
The fourth rank tensor $M^{abcd}$ entering the equation for evolution of the flux of reverse gamma factor
via its partial trace $M^{abcc}=M_{c}^{cab}$.
If we neglect the anisotropy
we construct tensor $M^{abcd}$ of the Kronecker symbols
$M^{abcd}=(M_{0}/3)(\delta^{ab}\delta^{cd}+\delta^{ac}\delta^{bd}+\delta^{ad}\delta^{bc})$.
It gives $M^{xxxx}=M^{yyyy}=M^{zzzz}=M_{0}$.
If we have two pairs of different projections
we obtain $M^{xxyy}=M^{xxzz}=M_{0}/3$.
Otherwise the element of tensor $M^{abcd}$ is equal to zero.
So, for the partial trace $M_{c}^{cab}$ we find $M_{c}^{cab}=(5M_{0}/3)\delta^{ab}$.
Let us go back to the anisotropic case with the anisotropy axis directed parallel to the z-direction.
So, we have $M^{xxxx}=M^{yyyy}\neq M^{zzzz}$.
Moreover, we have modification of elements with two pairs of different projections:
$M^{xxyy}\neq M^{xxzz}=M^{yyzz}$.
Hence, we have four different values of elements of tensor $M^{abcd}$
instead of two values existing in the isotropic case.
For the purpose of small amplitude waves in the linear approximation on the wave amplitudes
we need equations for $t^{x}$ and $t^{y}$.
These equations contain $M_{c}^{cxb}$ and $M_{c}^{cyb}$
which have the following form.
Including the symmetric properties of the fourth rank tensor $M^{abcd}$
we obtain its following representation
$M^{abcd}=M_{\parallel}e_{B}^{a}e_{B}^{b}e_{B}^{c}e_{B}^{d}$
$+M_{\parallel,\perp}
[e_{B}^{a} e_{B}^{b} (\delta^{cd}-e_{B}^{c}e_{B}^{d})
+e_{B}^{a} e_{B}^{c} (\delta^{bd}-e_{B}^{b}e_{B}^{d})
+e_{B}^{a} e_{B}^{d} (\delta^{bc}-e_{B}^{b}e_{B}^{c})
+e_{B}^{b} e_{B}^{c} (\delta^{ad}-e_{B}^{a}e_{B}^{d})
+e_{B}^{b} e_{B}^{d} (\delta^{ac}-e_{B}^{a}e_{B}^{c})
+e_{B}^{c} e_{B}^{d} (\delta^{ab}-e_{B}^{a}e_{B}^{b})]$
$+M_{\perp}[(\delta^{ab}-e_{B}^{a}e_{B}^{b})(\delta^{cd}-e_{B}^{c}e_{B}^{d})
+(\delta^{ac}-e_{B}^{a}e_{B}^{c})(\delta^{bd}-e_{B}^{b}e_{B}^{d})
+(\delta^{ad}-e_{B}^{a}e_{B}^{d})(\delta^{bc}-e_{B}^{b}e_{B}^{c})]$.
Moreover, we keep the relation between $M^{xxxx}$ and $M^{xxyy}$
existing in the isotropic case $M^{xxxx}=3M^{xxyy}$ and $M^{xxyy}\equiv M_{\perp}$.
Since we have inplane isotropy in the plane perpendicular to the anisotropy axis.
Consequently, we find
$M^{abcc}=M_{\parallel}e_{B}^{a}e_{B}^{b}
+M_{\parallel,\perp} (\delta^{ab}+e_{B}^{a}e_{B}^{b})
+M_{\perp}[4(\delta^{ab}-e_{B}^{a}e_{B}^{b}) ]$,
where $e_{B}^{c}e_{B}^{c}=e_{B,c}e_{B}^{c}=1$,
and $(\delta^{cc}-e_{B}^{c}e_{B}^{c})=2$.
Therefore, we obtain $M_{c}^{cxb}\delta E_{b}=(4M_{\perp} +M_{\parallel,\perp}) \delta E_{x}$
and $M_{c}^{cyb}\delta E_{b}=(4M_{\perp} +M_{\parallel,\perp})\delta E_{y}$.
Let us compare this result with the symmetric case.
It would give $M_{\parallel,\perp}=M_{\perp}=M_{0}/3$.
Hence, we find $4M_{\perp} +M_{\parallel,\perp}=5M_{0}/3$
in accordance with equations presented for the symmetric cases described in
Refs. \cite{Andreev 2021 05}, \cite{Andreev 2021 06}, \cite{Andreev 2021 07}, \cite{Andreev 2021 08}, \cite{Andreev 2021 09}.
Let us point out the physical meaning of fourth rank tensor $M^{abcd}$.
Basically, it is the current of flux of $p^{ab}$.
For the explicit definition of tensor $M^{abcd}$ see equation (17) of Ref. \cite{Andreev 2021 05}.
\end{widetext}

The equations of electromagnetic field have the traditional form
presented in the three-dimensional notations
\begin{equation}\label{RHD2021ClLM div B} \nabla \cdot\textbf{B}=0,\end{equation}
\begin{equation}\label{RHD2021ClLM rot E} \nabla\times \textbf{E}=-\frac{1}{c}\partial_{t}\textbf{B},\end{equation}
\begin{equation}\label{RHD2021ClLM div E with time} \nabla \cdot\textbf{E}=4\pi(en_{i}-en_{e}),\end{equation}
and
\begin{equation}\label{RHD2021ClLM rot B with time}
\nabla\times \textbf{B}=\frac{1}{c}\partial_{t}\textbf{E}+\frac{4\pi q_{e}}{c}n_{e}\textbf{v}_{e},\end{equation}
where the ions exist as the motionless background.

The Maxwell equations show that the source of electromagnetic field is
the density of the charge (presented via the concentration of particles)
and the density of the charge current expressed via the concentration of particles and velocity field.
Therefore, the hydrodynamic equations should have equation of the velocity field evolution.
However, majority of relativistic hydrodynamic models are based on the momentum density evolution equation \cite{Berezhiani PRL 94}.
The momentum density can be easily expressed via the velocity field for the cold plasmas,
like relativistic monoenergetic beams,
but there is no simple expression for the thermally distributed plasmas.
Nevertheless, existing hydrodynamic models contains equation of state for the momentum density.
But it is questionable, why do we need to consider a physical parameter
which is dropped at the first step.
Moreover, this transition is made in the first term of the equation in some approximate form.
All of it give some motivation for the derivation of the novel structure of the relativistic model presented above.
This model gives the straightforward derivation of the velocity field evolution equation with no relation to other physical parameters.

\section{Waves in the relativistic magnetized plasmas}

\subsection{Equilibrium state and the linearized hydrodynamic equations}

We consider small amplitude collective excitations relatively the macroscopically motionless equilibrium state of the relativistically hot
plasmas with anisotropic second rank tensors $p^{ab}$ and $t^{ab}$
(which are pressure like tensors while the pressure itself is not included in the model).
This equilibrium state is described by the relativistic Maxwellian distribution.
The equilibrium state is described within equilibrium concentration $n_{0}$ and temperature $T$.
The velocity field $\textbf{v}_{0}$ in the equilibrium state is equal to zero.
The equilibrium electric field $\textbf{E}_{0}$ is equal to zero.
The plasma is located in the constant and uniform external magnetic field $\textbf{B}_{0}=B_{0}\textbf{e}_{z}$
which create anisotropy in the system revealing in the anisotropy of tensors $p^{ab}$, $t^{ab}$, and $M^{abcd}$.
Two second rank tensors and one fourth rank tensor are involved in the description of the thermal effects.
Their structure is demonstrated after equation (\ref{RHD2021ClLM Euler for v}) for tensors $p^{ab}$ and $t^{ab}$,
\textit{and} equation (\ref{RHD2021ClLM eq for t a}) for tensor $M^{abcd}$.

We consider propagation of perturbations in the direction parallel to the external magnetic field $\textbf{k}=\{ 0,0, k_{z}\}$.
Let us present the linearized equations for the plane wave excitations propagating parallel to the external magnetic field.
The concentration appears as $\delta n=N_{0}e^{-\imath\omega t+\imath k_{z}z}$,
where $\omega$ is the frequency, $N_{0}$ is the constant amplitude.
Perturbations of other functions have same structure.
We start with the linearized continuity equation (\ref{RHD2021ClLM cont via v}):
\begin{equation}\label{RHD2021ClLM continuity equation lin 1D}
-\imath\omega\delta n+n_{0}\imath k_{z} \delta v_{z}=0. \end{equation}
Next, we show the linearized equations for the evolution of the three projections of velocity field obtained
from equation (\ref{RHD2021ClLM Euler for v})
\begin{equation}\label{RHD2021ClLM velocity field evolution equation lin 1D x}
-\imath\omega n_{0}\delta v_{x}
=\frac{q_{e}}{m}\biggl(\Gamma_{0} -\frac{\tilde{t}_{0}}{c^{2}}\biggr)\delta E_{x} +\Omega_{e}(\Gamma_{0}\delta v_{y}+\delta t_{y}),
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}\label{RHD2021ClLM velocity field evolution equation lin 1D y}
-\imath\omega n_{0}\delta v_{y}
=\frac{q_{e}}{m}\biggl(\Gamma_{0} -\frac{\tilde{t}_{0}}{c^{2}}\biggr)\delta E_{y}-\Omega_{e}(\Gamma_{0}\delta v_{x}+\delta t_{x}),
\end{equation}
and
\begin{equation}\label{RHD2021ClLM velocity field evolution equation lin 1D z}
-\imath\omega n_{0}\delta v_{z} +\imath k_{z}\frac{\delta p_{\parallel}}{m}
=\frac{q_{e}}{m}\Gamma_{0} \delta E_{z}-\frac{q_{e}}{mc^{2}}\tilde{t}_{0}\delta E_{z},
\end{equation}
where
$\Omega_{e}=q_{e}B_{0}/mc$ is the cyclotron frequency.

Equations (\ref{RHD2021ClLM continuity equation lin 1D}),
(\ref{RHD2021ClLM velocity field evolution equation lin 1D x}),
(\ref{RHD2021ClLM velocity field evolution equation lin 1D y}),
and
(\ref{RHD2021ClLM velocity field evolution equation lin 1D z})
require contribution of the flux of the average reverse gamma factor.
So, we use the linearized form of equation (\ref{RHD2021ClLM eq for t a}):
$$-\imath\omega \delta t_{x} -\imath\omega \Gamma_{0}\delta v_{x}$$
$$=\biggl(\frac{q}{m}n_{0}\delta E_{x} +\Omega_{e}n_{0}\delta v_{y}\biggr)\biggl(1-\frac{4p_{0,\perp}+p_{0,\parallel}}{n_{0}c^{2}}\biggr)$$
\begin{equation}\label{RHD2021ClLM eq for t x lin} +\frac{2q}{mc^{4}}(4M_{\perp} +M_{\parallel,\perp})\delta E_{x}, \end{equation}
and
$$-\imath\omega \delta t_{y} -\imath\omega \Gamma_{0}\delta v_{y}$$
$$=\biggl(\frac{q}{m}n_{0}\delta E_{y} -\Omega_{e}n_{0}\delta v_{x}\biggr)\biggl(1-\frac{4p_{0,\perp}+p_{0,\parallel}}{n_{0}c^{2}}\biggr)$$
\begin{equation}\label{RHD2021ClLM eq for t y lin} +\frac{2q}{mc^{4}}(4M_{\perp} +M_{\parallel,\perp})\delta E_{y}. \end{equation}

The Maxwell equations in the linear approximation for waves propagating parallel to the external magnetic field have well-known form
\begin{equation}\label{RHD2021ClLM Maxwell lin wave x}
(\omega^{2}-k_{z}^{2}c^{2})\delta E_{x}+4\pi q_{e}\imath\omega n_{0}\delta v_{x}=0, \end{equation}
\begin{equation}\label{RHD2021ClLM Maxwell lin wave y}
(\omega^{2}-k_{z}^{2}c^{2})\delta E_{y}+4\pi q_{e}\imath\omega n_{0}\delta v_{y}=0, \end{equation}
and
\begin{equation}\label{RHD2021ClLM Maxwell lin wave z}
\omega^{2}\delta E_{z}+4\pi q_{e}\imath\omega n_{0}\delta v_{z}=0. \end{equation}

\subsection{Spectra of waves}

Equations (\ref{RHD2021ClLM continuity equation lin 1D}),
(\ref{RHD2021ClLM velocity field evolution equation lin 1D z}),
(\ref{RHD2021ClLM Maxwell lin wave z})
described the longitudinal waves.
They lead to the following spectrum of the relativistic Langmuir wave
\begin{equation}\label{RHD2021ClLM spectrum Langmuir}
\omega^{2}=\biggl(\frac{\Gamma_{0}}{n_{0}}-\frac{t_{0,\parallel}}{n_{0}c^{2}}\biggr)\omega^{2}_{Le}
+\frac{\partial p_{0,\parallel}}{\partial n_{0}}k_{z}^{2},
\end{equation}
where it is assumed that the flux of the particle current $p_{0,\parallel}$ is the functional of the concentration
$\delta p_{\parallel}= (\partial p_{0,\parallel}/\partial n_{0})\delta n$.

Let us to look on the high-frequency transverse waves propagating parallel to the magnetic field.
They are described within equations
(\ref{RHD2021ClLM velocity field evolution equation lin 1D x}),
(\ref{RHD2021ClLM velocity field evolution equation lin 1D y}),
(\ref{RHD2021ClLM eq for t x lin}),
(\ref{RHD2021ClLM eq for t y lin}),
(\ref{RHD2021ClLM Maxwell lin wave x}),
and
(\ref{RHD2021ClLM Maxwell lin wave y}).
The Maxwell equations (\ref{RHD2021ClLM Maxwell lin wave x}),
and
(\ref{RHD2021ClLM Maxwell lin wave y}) contain the velocity perturbations.
Therefore, we need to extract the velocity perturbations from equations
(\ref{RHD2021ClLM velocity field evolution equation lin 1D x}),
(\ref{RHD2021ClLM velocity field evolution equation lin 1D y}),
(\ref{RHD2021ClLM eq for t x lin}),
and
(\ref{RHD2021ClLM eq for t y lin}).
They appear in the following form
$$\delta v_{x}=\frac{\imath\omega}{\omega^{2}-f_{0}\Omega^{2}}
\biggl[\frac{q}{m}\delta E_{x}\biggl(\frac{\Gamma_{0}}{n_{0}}-\frac{t_{0,\perp}}{n_{0}c^{2}}\biggr)$$
\begin{equation}\label{RHD2021ClLM vel x expr via E}
+\frac{q}{m}f_{0}\frac{\imath \Omega}{\omega}\delta E_{y}
+\frac{2q}{c}\frac{f_{0M}}{n_{0}}\frac{\imath \Omega}{\omega}\delta E_{y}\biggr],
\end{equation}
and
$$\delta v_{y}=\frac{\imath\omega}{\omega^{2}-f_{0}\Omega^{2}}
\biggl[\frac{q}{m}\delta E_{y}\biggl(\frac{\Gamma_{0}}{n_{0}}-\frac{t_{0,\perp}}{n_{0}c^{2}}\biggr)$$

\begin{equation}\label{RHD2021ClLM vel y expr via E}
-\frac{q}{m}f_{0}\frac{\imath \Omega}{\omega}\delta E_{x}
-\frac{2q}{c}\frac{f_{0M}}{n_{0}}\frac{\imath \Omega}{\omega}\delta E_{x}\biggr],
\end{equation}
where we use the following notations
$f_{0}=1-(4p_{0,\perp}+p_{0,\parallel})/(n_{0}c^{2})$,
and
$f_{0M}=(4M_{0,\perp}/3 +M_{0,\parallel,\perp})/(mc^{2})$.

Let us write down the dispersion equation as the determinant of the corresponding part of the dielectric permeability tensor:
\begin{widetext}
\begin{equation}\label{RHD2021ClLM det to spectrum tr}
\Biggl|\begin{array}{cc}
\omega^{2}-k_{z}^{2}c^{2}-\frac{\omega^{2}_{Le} \omega^{2}}{\omega^{2}-f_{0} \Omega^{2}}
\biggl(\frac{\Gamma_{0}}{n_{0}}-\frac{t_{0,\perp}}{n_{0}c^{2}}\biggr) &
-\frac{\imath\omega \Omega \omega^{2}_{Le}}{\omega^{2}-f_{0} \Omega^{2}}\biggl(f_{0}+\frac{2mf_{0M}}{n_{0}c^{2}}\biggr) \\
\frac{\imath\omega \Omega \omega^{2}_{Le}}{\omega^{2}-f_{0} \Omega^{2}}\biggl(f_{0}+\frac{2mf_{0M}}{n_{0}c^{2}}\biggr) &
\omega^{2}-k_{z}^{2}c^{2}-\frac{\omega^{2}_{Le} \omega^{2}}{\omega^{2}-f_{0} \Omega^{2}}
\biggl(\frac{\Gamma_{0}}{n_{0}}-\frac{t_{0,\perp}}{n_{0}c^{2}}\biggr)
\end{array}
\Biggr|=0.
\end{equation}
\end{widetext}

The cut-off frequency of the longitudinal wave (\ref{RHD2021ClLM spectrum Langmuir}) is bound to $t_{0,\parallel}$
which defines the coefficient in front of the Langmuir frequency.
However, the cut-off frequencies for the transverse waves contains another coefficient in front of the Langmuir frequency
which is proportional to $\Gamma_{0}/n_{0}-t_{0,\perp}/n_{0}c^{2}$.
It includes another element of tensor $\hat{t}$: $t_{0,\perp}$.
The group velocity of the relativistic Langmuir wave (\ref{RHD2021ClLM spectrum Langmuir}) is proportional to derivative of $p_{0,\parallel}$.
If we consider the electromagnetic wave propagation perpendicular to the magnetic field with the linear polarization of electric field changing parallel to the magnetic field
we find the following spectrum
\begin{equation}\label{RHD2021ClLM spectrum EM with k perp B}
\omega^{2}=\biggl(\frac{\Gamma_{0}}{n_{0}}-\frac{t_{0,\parallel}}{n_{0}c^{2}}\biggr)\omega^{2}_{Le}
+k_{x}^{2}c^{2}.
\end{equation}
This result underline the various contribution of $t_{0,\parallel}$, $t_{0,\perp}$, and $p_{0,\parallel}$.
It has same cut-off frequency as the longitudinal wave (\ref{RHD2021ClLM spectrum Langmuir}) propagating parallel to the magnetic field.
But they obviously have different group velocities.

\section{Conclusion}

General derivation of the hydrodynamic model for the relativistically hot plasmas has been presented in earlier papers
\cite{Andreev 2021 05}, \cite{Andreev 2021 09}.
This hydrodynamic model is based on the dynamics of
four material fields: the concentration and the velocity field
\emph{and} the average reverse relativistic $\gamma$ factor and the flux of the reverse relativistic $\gamma$ factor.
However, the final truncation has been made for the isotropic structure of the high-rank tensors entering the model.
In this paper, we have presented the generalization of the model including the anisotropy of the high-rank tensors.
It has been assumed that there is the single anisotropy direction related to the external magnetic field.
It leads to two values of the flux of current of particles $\hat{p}$
and two values of the current of the flux of reverse gamma factor $\hat{t}$.
The fourth rank tensor $\hat{M}$ has three independent elements.
Experimental detection of the anisotropic effects can be partially made through the analysis of spectrum of waves
including the measurement of the value of cut-off frequencies
and measurement of the group-velocities of waves.
Complete theoretical treatment of this problem requires further analysis of the anisotropic relativistic distribution function
which can give background for the calculation of the approximate calculation of equations of state.

The background for the further analysis of the linear and nonlinear wave phenomena
in the relativistically hot strongly magnetized anisotropic plasmas has been developed.
Moreover, it includes the anisotropy of the tensors describing the thermal effects.

\section{Acknowledgements}

Work is supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant no. 20-02-00476).

\section{DATA AVAILABILITY}

Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were
created or analyzed in this study, which is a purely theoretical one.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


For the moments photos can't capture (like your father's speech or your first dance), you're probably going to want to hire someone to get it all on film.
When it comes to booking wedding vendors, tons of couples typically question whether or not they need a videographer—and we're not really sure why. As far as we're concerned, getting a videographer is a no-brainer. You definitely won't regret hiring someone to make a sweet video of your favorite day, but if you're still not sold on the idea, read more reasons you should book one below.
1. It's not what you think.
Throw out the idea that a wedding videographer means lights-camera-action in your face all night. Today's videographers embrace a more documentary style of filming, meaning you might not even notice them—until they're handing you a stunning video of your day. Plus, video can also be taken in a variety of styles—more on that later.
2. Video captures the in-between moments.
Yes, your photographer will get both posed and candid shots, but for everything in between, you need a videographer. And since there's no posing (all you have to do is enjoy the party!), you won't have to worry about looking stiff or awkward on film.
3. Videography lets you experiment with style.
You want your wedding photos to be timeless (they're going to be displayed in your home for years to come), but your wedding video can be a little trendier while still looking classic. Try out hip videography styles, like vintage Super 8mm film or high-def wedding trailers for a creative look.
4. Video captures sounds your photos can't.
It's an obvious one, but video captures audible moments, such as your mom's tearful words of wisdom as she helps you with your veil, your father's reaction to seeing you in your dress or your grandmother's laugh as she dances with your grandfather. These are the memories you'll cherish long after your day, and a wedding video will preserve them forever. And whether you write your own or go traditional, there's no other way to document your vow exchange. Video can also capture important reception moments, such as toasts and songs (first dance, anyone?) for you to share with your family in the future.
5. Contrary to popular belief, wedding videos are not hour-long sagas.
Banish the idea of a wedding video that plays out like a boring slideshow. Instead, your videographer will simply capture the sweetest highlights and package them into an engaging three- to five-minute reel. Also, same-day edits are one of the hottest trends in wedding videography, meaning your videographer will capture the best moments from the getting-ready process (and even include footage from the ceremony) to be played at the reception. Pretty cool, right? Your guests will love the behind-the-scenes look as you and your partner prepare for your big moment.


text:
Q: SQL equivalent of mongoDB Date object TL;DR: I have values like 2018-09-10T08:55:09.705Z in a CSV I want to import into a SQL table, what should be the type of the field in the table?
I'm trying to migrate data from mongoDB collection into MySQL, I export data into a CSV file and then I try to import them using MySQL workbench table import wizard, but for the date field createdAt with values like 2018-09-10T08:55:09.705Z it gives me this error:
- Row import failed with error: ("Incorrect datetime value: '2018-09-10T08:55:09.705Z' for column 'createdAt'

I get this same error trying SQL DATE and DATETIME types.
I'm not sure if I need to convert the date to something like Date values used in SQL or convert Date values to timestamps or there is a way to do this with the current data format.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


"We commend Unioil for its initiative to showcase renewable energy in its first hybrid gasoline station. Like Unioil, Mitsubishi Motors Philippines Corporation is striving to reduce carbon footprint by developing technologies for improving fuel economy and electric-powered systems. The Mitsubishi Electric Vehicle (i-MiEV) and Outlander Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) are proof of this concept," Lampano said.


Before we get started today, I wanted to tell you that today is the last day to vote on the So You Think You're Crafty final. Here's a quick peek at what I made. It's made out of cardboard, so it's cheap and upcycled.
You can read more about it on SYTYC. It's actually a reading chair.
The voting is pretty close, so your vote does matter. Click HERE to go vote.
I saw this cute tutorial for turning an old sweater into leg warmers on UCreate. The tutorial is from a blog called Create and Delegate. I thought it was a great idea. While Nicole made them for a little girl, I decided to make a pair for myself. (Don't worry. I know you're not supposed to wear a trend you've already seen in your lifetime, so I've have you know I never had legwarmers back in the day...except for a pair that went with my "Get in Shape Girl" leotard and exercise ribbon. I wish I could find a picture of that one for your viewing pleasure.) Anyhow, here are the cute ones she made.
I had some sweater remnants from a sweater I bought at D.I. last year to make a stocking from. It was a men's sweater, so it gave me some more length to work with. I had to take in the arms a little to make it work. Here's my new, cozy pair of legwarmers. I'm actually toying with putting a little bow on the outside of the leg at the top just to give them a little more color.
They were really quick to make. They would also look so cute on a little girl (like Nicole's), but since I don't have one they're mine. You'll find me here through the winter....with my feet up by the fire and my toasty little legwarmers.
Thanks for a great tutorial and idea, Nicole. Click HERE to try out the tutorial yourself.
Oh my "get in shape girl" what a wonderful blast from the past. I loved mine!! I used to play dress up with my aunts leg warmers. what a fun post.
Cheri, I love the leg warmers! But also had to share that my son, who was watching Dora, just stopped (this is a big deal)and came into the room I'm in and told me to click on your car. I explained what it was and was informed that I need to make one of those for him! Along with the superhero cape and mask! Needless to say, I've voted for you and guess I'd better get looking for some cardboard boxes and some shiny fabric! haha!
I loved that get in shape girl stuff. The leg warmers are a bit bold-- but you can pull off anything. Nice job C-dog.
I love them both!!! I need a pair. AND I love your shoes!
I love the leg warmers. You said you were toying with the idea of putting a bow on them... did you consider weaving a ribbon through them at the top and then tying a bow where the two ends meet? just something I thought of... keep the creative juices flowing. The reading nook is so cleaver!
What a great idea for the cold winter months in Utah. A good idea for little girls or boys at night to keep their legs warm when they kick off all their covers. You are really creative with your ides. I love your blog and look every day. Hope you win with your car. I love it and those adorable little super hero's.
Just voted! Wow, you bith came up with great items! Such imagination!
Can I win your shoes in the next giveaway????
All of very nice,..but Summer in Kuşadası...at Turkey...I am swimming every day..Today sunset is wonderfull..have a nice day..thanks..
So funny that you said you are not supposed to wear a trend you already wore in your lifetime...i think we all have broken that rule :) The legwarmers came out great.
Yours look fantastic! Honestly, I was really afraid to make some for myself, but I will wear mine proudly now!
Cheri! How cool that you made some legwarmers for yourself!! I had a blast meeting you and your sis...and am still in awe with your AMAZING house decor...seriously do they come more creative than you?!
Love the leg warmers you made, and your shoes!
I think this style is super cute!


text:
Chris Hackley
Professor of Marketing, Royal Holloway
I've been Professor of Marketing at Royal Holloway University of London since 2004. My PhD was from Strathclyde University Department of Marketing, and I also holds degrees in psychology, education and business studies. I currently teach advertising, in the past I've written and taught many courses in branding, marketing and qualitative research methods. My recent research publications include work on advertising paratexts, advertising practice and critical marketing, advertising under convergence, and also marketing rhetoric, video games and children, celebrity and marketing, and autoethnographic research methods. The 4th Edition of my text Advertising and Promotion was published in 2018 by Sage, and my qualitative research methods text with Routledge is under contract for a second edition in 2019.
My media appearances include interviews about binge drinking and UK alcohol policy on Channel 4 News, BBC Breakfast, ITV Tonight and BBC Radio 4's Thinking Allowed, and about Ofcom's regulation of TV product placement on BBC Radio 4's You and Yours. Research I've been involved with on alcohol policy, media strategy and regulation has been covered in many national newspapers and I've consulted on related topics with media and government bodies including Channel 4, Sky Media and the UK Government Cabinet Office. I've written occasional features and opinion pieces connected to education, research, branding and marketing for outlets including Times Higher, Admap, the Psychologist, and various online publications including seven articles for TC.
Strathclyde University , PhD
Branded Consumption and Social Identification; Young People and Alcohol
co-holder
Economic and Social Research Council
@chrishackley
For media enquiries,
chris.hackley@rhul.ac.uk
Joined October 3, 2014

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Check us out on Instagram, Facebook and Snapchat!
Is your building manager performing? Are you tired of the same old service? Is it time for a change? See what are the top 10 habits of a successful building manager? Get our FREE checklist here!
Follow us and check us out on Social Media!


text:
NewsUS Ski Team
With 'Bigger Target' on His Back, Torchia Joins U.S. Ski Team, Sticks with NMU
Gabby NaranjaMay 10, 2016
Ian Torchia (c) with Northern Michigan University Head Coach Sten Fjeldheim (l) and assistant coach Shane MacDowell after Torchia placed second in the men's 10 k freestyle at 2016 NCAA Championship in Steamboat Springs, Colo. He went on to place fourth in the 20 k classic mass start. (Courtesy photo)
As the youngest in a family of five, it's no wonder that Ian Torchia, an incoming junior at Northern Michigan University (NMU), considers himself "scrappy." It's also no wonder that, when it comes to sport, Torchia takes on skiing with tooth-and-claw grit. Within the first few hours of being a freshman on the NMU ski team, the Rochester, Minn., native established himself as tenacious if nothing else.
"Watching him ski on the treadmill the first time I worked with him, he was just raw," Sten Fjeldheim, head coach of the NMU men's and women's nordic teams reflected in a phone interview. "His technique was, well, not pretty, but I knew he had a heck of an engine from his running times."
After Torchia finished his freshman year just outside qualifying for NCAA Skiing Championships, he made it a goal to reach the championships the following year. As a sophomore, he not only qualified for NCAA's, but he went on to place second in the men's 10-kilometer freestyle and fourth in the 20 k classic mass start at the 2016 championships in Steamboat Springs, Colo.
By the end of his first two years at NMU, the 20-year-old Torchia had also tapped into another tool: technique. He asked his college coaches ceaseless questions, watched countless ski videos and began to implement what he saw on the screen into his own skiing.
"He's just really good at being a student of his own sport: skiing," Fjeldheim said of Torchia's technical improvements.
However, the sophomore's upward climb last season didn't end with his work on the NMU ski team. In January, he won the junior men's 10 k freestyle at U.S. nationals in Houghton, Mich. Also at nationals, he placed seventh among seniors in the men's 15 k classic, and at 2016 Junior World Championships in Romania, he raced to 15th in the junior men's 15 k freestyle.
NMU designed the above image for a press release after Ian Torchia was nominated to the U.S. Ski Team D-Team. (Photo: NMU Wildcats)
Most recently, Torchia discovered he was among 16 athletes nominated to the U.S. Cross Country Ski Team.
"I was on my way to go cliff jumping when Bryan Fish [U.S. Ski Team development coach] called me," Torchia said on the phone. "The celebratory back flip didn't go too well." (According to Torchia, the backflip was more of a "back flop.")
Though perhaps brazen when it comes to black flips and Lake Superior bluffs, the main sentiment Torchia spoke of was that of humility. In his eyes, the opportunity to ski for U.S. Ski Team 'D' (or development) Team is an opportunity to once again put his tenacity to the test.
"You know, there's still two more levels of the U.S. Ski Team to go," Torchia said of the 'A' and 'B' team levels. "If anything, [the nomination] just motivates me to train harder. I mean, the way I see it, it's an honor to be named. I get invited to the camps and I get the uniform. It puts a bigger target on my back, but I'm OK with that."
U.S. Ski Team (USST) Head Coach Chris Grover explained in an email that the team was "looking for athletes who can deliver big results in Europe against tough fields," he wrote. "Ian was the standout USA male once again at World Juniors and posted his second consecutive top-15 result there."
At the 2015 Junior World Championships in Kazakhstan, Torchia notched 11th in the 20 k skiathlon.
Moving forward, Torchia plans to accept the nomination and attend the two USST summer training camps, the first one taking place in Bend, Ore., this month and the second in Anchorage, Alaska. According to Fjeldheim, not much will change for Torchia in regards to training.
"He'll pretty much be on the same training plan that he's been on," Fjeldheim said. "But I think the opportunity for him to ski with some other national-team skiers is going to be good."
Along with accepting the nomination, Torchia also plans to continue attending NMU as a full-time student and eventually earn a degree in exercise science.
Ian Torchia (c) with his parents Mike (l) and Patricia after this year's U.S. nationals in Houghton, Mich. (Courtesy photo)
"I think my mom would kill me if I wasn't in school," Torchia said.
But his reasons for staying in school extend beyond his so-called death sentence, even if it means suffering through organic chemistry finals. To Torchia, continuing his education sends a broader message to other nordic athletes, especially those trying to determine whether skiing in college can lead to a ski career.
"One of the main reasons why I wanted this to happen is to show that you can do it while you're in college," Torchia said of his national-team nomination. "It is hard to balance school and skiing, but it's doable. [College skiing] is a pipeline."
School, Torchia insisted, also gives him options outside of skiing.
"Make sure to have balance in your life between skiing and make sure skiing isn't the only thing in your life," Torchia said of how he found success in sport. "We kind of take that mentality here at NMU. We have the top GPA of all the sports teams here, so it's both skiing and school. It's a lifestyle and we love it. It's hard, but you got to go for it."
Beyond the importance Torchia finds in education, his NMU teammates and coaches also played a large role in his decision to continue his ski career on the college path. He cited post-practice conversations and training plans his coaches provided as a staple to his success.
"I could not have done this without Sten and [NMU assistant coach] Shane MacDowell," Torchia said.
"Ian always shows up with a smile on his face," Fjeldheim said. "Yeah, he like to pull pranks on me and his teammates every now and then and we prank him back, but he's a great kid to have on your team as far as sportsmanship goes and manners. He's very humble."
"It's a lifestyle and we love it. It's hard, but you got to go for it." — Ian Torchia, NMU junior and U.S. Ski Team rookie
With teammates like Adam Martin and Jake Brown, both first-team All Americans at this year's NCAA Championships, Torchia views his peers as motivation and proof of where they, too, are headed.
"You can never get too big of a head around here because there will always be someone to serve you a piece of humble pie," Torchia said. "I can say that I won't be the last one to be named [to the U.S. SKi Team] out of NMU."
Ian Torchia (14) racing to 15th in the men's 15 k freestyle at 2016 Junior World Ski Champioships in Rasnov Romania. (Photo: Thomas O'Harra)
With the nomination, Torchia is undecided as to where his ski career will be drawn after graduation day. Though not currently on the CXC team, joining the program is one potential route for him post-college.
"Kind of this past year, I guess I really thought about skiing after college," Torchia said. "Right now, Kyle Bratrud is [in Marquette] skiing for [Central Cross Country] and we're getting [Dartmouth grad] Oscar Friedman up here. I think we're going to make a return to the days when CXC was a really a powerhouse. I can see myself here. We'll see. It's still a long way away."
While Torchia's five-year plan remains flexible, his 14 weeks of summer are at least set to go. This includes attending the two USST training camps, training in Marquette, Mich. (potentially with the likes of Kris Freeman, he said), and wedding crashing.
"I'm going to go home, surprise my mom on Mother's Day and then head out to Bend for the camp there," Torchia said. "Then I'll come back [to Marquette] for June and then go out to Anchorage for that camp. And then it's my sister's wedding in Colorado. So it should be a fun summer."
Particularly fun due to the training crew he plans to surround himself with.
"Basically the entire [NMU] guy's team is going to be [in Marquette] this summer," Torchia said. "We call it the Marquette Training Group: MTG. So, MTG 2.0 is kicking off this summer. We're hoping that a few guest stars show up; there's rumors that Bird [Kris Freeman] and Tad Elliott and Paddy Caldwell and Brian Gregg might be up here. So it's going to be pretty kickass."
While the USST nomination makes him a new training target to many, Torchia remains humble of where he's been and where he's headed. For now, he appears to prefer taking it one step at a time up the ski ladder — even when it comes to housing.
"I've got the Trailer Park Room," he said, indicating that as one of the younger athletes, it may have fallen on him to take on the tiny living quarters in the NMU men's ski house for the summer. "It's the smallest room in the house, but I kind of like it. It doesn't have a closet, very narrow and small, but I don't know, I like it."
Northern Michigan University's Ian Torchia celebrating his nomination to the U.S. Ski Team D-Team this spring with a cliff jumping back-flip. According to Torchia, it ended as more of a "backflop." (Photo: Abby Cook)
2016 U.S. nationals
Central Cross Country
Chris Grover
Ian Torchia
Junior World Championships
NCAA Championships 2016
Northern Michigan Univerisity
Shane MacDowell
Sten Fjeldheim
Gabby Naranja
Gabby Naranja considers herself a true Mainer, having grown up in the northern most part of the state playing hockey and roofing houses with her five brothers. She graduated from Bates College where she ran cross-country, track, and nordic skied. She spent this past winter in Europe and is currently in Montana enjoying all that the U.S. northwest has to offer.
Insider Couple Implies Widespread Doping in Russian Sports in 60 Minutes Interview
Wednesday Workout: Pletcher's 'Ninja' Pull-Ups (with Video)


Reg civil engineers ltd offers a range of driveways, printed concrete, block paving or gravel to name a few, the choice is yours.
Our driveway construction team have over years of experience in creating driveways, and are highly skilled, professional craftsmen. They will also integrate drainage as well as access panels for utility companies – all will be installed seamlessly into the driveway.
We are able to quote for commercial driveways and paving as well as for residential driveways. If you would like to include access solutions for the less able or maybe some additional decorative features, we have the ability to install ramps, shallow or high steps, decorative block paving and edging too. Have a chat with one of our team members, who will be only too pleased to advise you on your new driveway.


text:
Tag Archives: modern art
Exit Through the Gift Shop
The mysterious Banksy.
(Producers Distribution Agency) Thierry Guetta, Banksy, Shepard Fairey, Rhys Ifans (voice), The Space Invader, Swoon, Cheez, Neckface, Coma. Directed by Banksy
Street art is a phenomenon that grew out of the tagging and graffiti movement. Some have described it as "guerilla art" and that might not be a bad tag for it. The practitioners operate under cover of night and ply their trade with spray cans, stickers and mosaic tiles, among other mediums.
Some see it as a valid form of self-expression; others see it as blatant vandalism. Needless to say, there is a polarizing element to the art form and that can't be a bad thing. Art, after all, is supposed to invite discussion.
French expat Guetta lives in Los Angeles. He moved there in the late '80s, opening up a vintage clothing store that often had big stars browsing in it. He was known in the city for constantly filming everything on his video camera. On a visit to his native land, he hooked up with his cousin, who had a quirky hobby of his own; he liked to put mosaic tiles of space invader-like figures in public places. Calling himself The Space Invader for obvious reasons, he had become a leading member of the highly cliquish street art scene which kept their anonymity with an almost jealous zeal.
Thierry grew fascinated with this scene – the dangerous aspect of it (the adrenaline rush of avoiding cops and security guards) appealed to him. Through his cousin he was introduced to Fairey, who also based himself in L.A. and Guetta videotaped his street art. The feeling among the street artists was that their art was very transitory by nature; it wouldn't last long before someone took it down. In order to document their art, they turned to Thierry who was only too happy to oblige.
Under the guise of making a documentary about the street art scene, Guetta was given access to almost all of the leading personalities in the street art scene – all save one, the most notorious one of all. In London, the name of Banksy is well-known, particularly for his images of mice doing odd things. Banksy's art was bold, caustic and full of a biting wit, too clever by half you might say. He was known for strictly preserving his identity, working only with people he knew well. To this day, the general public and the authorities have not a clue who he is.
At last, through Shepard Fairey, Thierry and Banksy were introduced. Thierry was very much taken by the brash young Englishman and for his part Banksy grew to trust Thierry, allowing him to film in his inner sanctum. On a visit to Los Angeles, Banksy notoriously put a figure of a hooded and bound figure alongside the Big Thunder Mountain Railroad ride at Disneyland with Thierry filming the whole thing. However, while Thierry was arrested by Disney security, Banksy got away scot free.
However, with years and years of shooting street artists and thousands of hours of footage to winnow through, Thierry's subjects were becoming restless waiting for the documentary to be made. Thierry knew he had to at last make the film he had never intended to make. Knowing nothing about editing, scoring or anything in fact about filmmaking other than pointing a camera at his subjects, Thierry set out to create his masterpiece.
With Banksy being the subject he most admired, he screened it for him first. Banksy was mortified; the documentary was just terrible. Banksy figured that he could do no worse, so he took the footage and gave Thierry the instructions to "go make some art and put together a show."
This documentary is the result of Banksy's efforts and it takes a total turn at this point. Thierry adopts the persona of Mr. Brainwash and decides to put together a major event show in Los Angeles, despite knowing nothing about art or installing a show. He does know a thing or two about self-promotion and manages to capture the attention of the L.A. Weekly who give him a cover story which whips up a frenzy among modern art collectors, despite the fact most of the work is really awful and lazy; Mr. Brainwash takes existing images from the Internet and spray paints eye-patches on them, or Marilyn Monroe wigs.
We see Banksy as a narrator, but his face is always obscured by a hood and his voice distorted electronically; he really is serious about maintaining his anonymity. He wisely turns this from a documentary on street art to one about Thierry who is one of those magnificent eccentrics who give life some flavor. In many ways, he's more interesting than the artists he was documenting. For his part, Banksy feels at once chagrined and pleased at the creation of the Mr. Brainwash persona; the artwork is somewhat atrocious but at the same time Banksy seems to admire Thierry's fearlessness.
One gets a feeling throughout this film that we're being conned a little bit. For example, Thierry proclaims that he had erased all the Disney footage from his camera when he was being interrogated by the security guards, but we are shown footage of Banksy crossing the fence and placing the figure alongside the track, and the trains being stopped shortly afterwards.
If it is a con, it's a fascinating one and I don't personally mind being conned in that way. The movie has a wicked sense of humor and there is a slickness and slyness to it that is refreshing and charming in its way. It also makes tremendous use of a great and sadly underrated song – Richard Hawley's "Tonight the Streets Are Ours."
There is a lot of ego involved here, from Thierry to Banksy to the artists themselves who take the stance that art outweighs all else. That's like a blogger saying the most important things in the world are blogs and I, for one, would never assert something that preposterous. It sure as heck ain't brain surgery…but is it art? That's for you to decide.
REASONS TO GO: While initially slated to be a documentary about street art, it morphed into something completely different.
REASONS TO STAY: There's a whole lot of ego involved in this project and quite frankly I'm not sure if the viewer isn't the butt of the joke.
FAMILY VALUES: Some fairly blue language and smoking. There is also a fine line between art and vandalism here and it should be noted that those who find the lifestyle alluring might not know the difference.
TRIVIAL PURSUIT: Fairey would later go on to design the Barack Obama "Hope" image that figured so prominently in his campaign.
HOME OR THEATER: Definitely more suited to home viewing than a big theater.
TOMORROW: Afghan Star
Posted in New Releases | Tagged art show, Banksy, Barack Obama, cinema, Documentary, Exit Through the Gift Shop, Films, Florida Film Festival, graffiti, Kinko's, London, Los Angeles, modern art, movies, presidential campaign, Producers Distribution Agency, reviews, Rhys Ifans, Richard Hawley, Space Invaders, spray paint, street art, tagging, vandalism | Leave a reply


The status of Jerusalem as the Capital of Israel has gotten a lot of attention recently because President Trump declared that Jerusalem was Israel's capital while not saying anything about its status as the Capital of a future Palestinian State. The purpose of this blog post is to lay out some of the facts that make the question "Is East Jerusalem the Capital of a future Palestinian State?" more complicated than most realize.
I think it is only fair that I make sure that the reader of this blog, knows in advance that I am, in fact, a dual national with both USA and Israel Citizenships that lives in Tel Aviv. My point of view would probably not be described as objective.
The Arab population of Israel, the West Bank, and Gaza is made up of indigenous Arabs and Arabs that moved into the area after the Jewish population expansion due to increased employment opportunities. Presently, the Arabs population can be broken down into those that are citizens of Israel and are often referred to as Israeli Arabs or sometimes Israeli Palestinians, Palestinians living in East Jerusalem, West Bank Palestinians, and Palestinians living in Gaza. Each of these groups has progressively fewer rights and support of the Israeli Government. To assume that each of these groups has the same objectives is an oversimplification.
During the partition of Palestine in 1947, Jerusalem was to be an international city. At that time, there were approximately 100,000 Jews and 60,000 Arabs living in the area we now call Jerusalem.
The Partitioning did not go as planned and there was a war between the newly created Israeli state and the Arab countries surrounding it, as well as with the Arab population in the disputed area. The result was an armistice and the creation of a temporary border called the green line. Jordan occupied the West Bank, and Egypt occupied Gaza. Jordan incorporated the West Bank into Jordan and made the inhabitants citizens of that country. Egypt did not grant citizenship to the people living in Gaza.
There was a very significant war in 1967 – the six-day war. The result of that war was that Israel occupied the West Bank and Gaza along with the Sinai which belonged to Egypt and the Golan Heights which belonged to Syria. Israel decided to annex East Jerusalem and unite it with West Jerusalem. Keep in mind that during the previous years, East Jerusalem was a part of Jordan and Jews were not allowed into the old city which is the site of the Temple Mount and the Western Wall which are the most sacred Jewish sites. It is also the same general area as the Dome of the Rock – one of the holiest places of the Muslim faith.
By 1967, the Jewish population had grown to about 200,000 and the Arab population to 65,000. After the war, the Arabs living in East Jerusalem had the option of becoming Israeli Citizens or just being Israeli residents. Few chose to become citizens. As residents of Jerusalem, they also had the right to vote in local elections, but few took advantage of that which resulted in being them being under-represented in city government. As Israeli residents, the Jerusalem Arabs have the right to work not only in all of Jerusalem but also anywhere in Israel.
By 2015, the Jewish Population was more than 500,000, and the Arab population was about 320,000. About half of the Arabs in East Jerusalem work in the Jewish Economic Sector primarily in West Jerusalem. Most of the Arabs work in the construction or service industries.
The Arabs of East Jerusalem do not have to pass through border controls to work in West Jerusalem given that East Jerusalem is considered a part of Israel. They do have to pass-through border controls when visiting the West Bank. If East Jerusalem becomes united with the West Bank, the border crossing will move. Those wanting to work in Israel would be subject to the same controls now effecting Palestinian workers crossing into Israel for employment.
Some would say that Israel does not provide the same level of services to the East Jerusalem Arab Population as they offer to the Jews of West Jerusalem. However, that Arab population in East Jerusalem are still significantly better off than most places in the West Bank. For instance, they have access to the Israeli State Health Care and Social Security. If East Jerusalem were to unite with the West Bank of Palestine, it is hard to imagine that the Palestinian government could afford to duplicate these services. The Palestinian Authority has indicated that they would consider an open city, but I would think that security issues would make this impossible for the Israelis to consider.
Over the years since 1967, many Jews have moved into East Jerusalem and especially in the Jewish Quarter of the Old City. It is very doubtful that they would be willing to move nor could any Israeli government force them to do this.
I have to wonder what would happen if the residents of East Jerusalem had an opportunity to vote on staying in Israel or joining the Palestinians? What would they choose, assuming that they fully understood the trade-offs? I doubt that they will ever be asked.
It is hard to imagine that Jerusalem will be split into two again. It might be possible to create some international oversight for the old city, but I would think Israel would want to maintain security. Perhaps, the Palestinian Government would locate its "capital" in some part of East Jerusalem but would that make it a real capital. I can't imagine a Palestinian State that would not have its capital in Jerusalem, and I can't see any way that this could happen.
Tags: Jerusalem. Bookmark the permalink.
I think Jerusalem should become the world's first global city overseen by the UN with an international peacekeeping force and shared by everyone. Perhaps naive, I know, but a better solution than Trump's ignorant move that throws fuel on the fire.
Israel faces two unpleasant realities relative to the long term goals of its two largest cultural groups. One is that it is a multi-cultural society that uses the iconography and national institutional identities of only one. The other is that when the law is "owned" by one group and used to the detriment of one or more others, then the legitimacy of the rule of law is compromised. That unfortunately is the very definition of an apartheid state. Israel would face a similar problem if even one of its citizens was not a Jew. I like Avram's choice of words. "It's complicated" is almost an understatement. But long term, what has to happen is crystal clear. What is not is how long it will take to get there and how much pain must be endured in the process. The impossibility of Jerusalem eventually becoming the capital of a Palestinian state is no more of an impossibility than defining a workable geography of a Palestinian state itself. The West Bank settlements have seen to that. So a one state multicultural solution is the only solution that can work. That means a new flag, newly structured national institutions, and a new sense of national identity. Can those things be achieved in a century or less? From this vantage the answer seems to be no, but stranger things have happened. Whatever the case, the answers and change processes will have to come from within Israel itself.


Home | Callihan, Phillips, & Adams L.L.C.
If we don't collect you don't owe us.
You can easily send your payment ONLINE with a CHECK or CREDIT card by completing our secure online form.
You can place an account by completing our secure online form.
Accounts are contacted the day of placement.
Please report a payment by completing our online form.


text:
Understaffed Agency Regulating Pipelines Depends on Oil Industry to Regulate Itself
Oil Spill Cleanup, Yellowstone River July 2011 (photo: Jim Urquhart, Associated Press)
The Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA), charged with overseeing nearly 170,000 miles of hazardous liquid pipelines in the United States, is coming under scrutiny in the wake of oil spills in Montana and Michigan, and the recent State Department approval of the controversial 1,661-mile Keystone XL pipeline which would carry oil sands crude from Canada to Texas.
PHMSA has been described as woefully understaffed and underfunded. It also has been accused of not levying enough fines on companies responsible for pipeline spills, and allowing industry to regulate itself too much of the time.
Transportation Secretary Ray LaHood, who oversees the agency, wants Congress to bolster PHMSA's budget and toughen penalties for negligent pipeline operators. But it remains to be seen if lawmakers worried about federal spending and under pressure from oil industry lobbyists, among others, will be willing to expand funding for the pipeline watchdog.
Companies say don't focus on anecdotal episodes like last year's natural gas pipeline explosion in San Bruno, Calif., that killed eight people, or the Exxon Mobil Yellowstone River oil spill in July of this year caused by a ruptured pipeline that came weeks after a government review claimed the pipeline was safe. Instead they note that federal statistics show there were 25% fewer major pipeline spills from 2001 through 2010. However, there are still more than 100 spills a year.
With only 118 inspectors, the PHMSA has been forced leave 56% of the nation's land-based liquid pipelines almost unregulated, even by the managing companies themselves. In the carefully chosen words of a PHMSA 2009 report, there were "some significant differences between what the company reports and an objective view of these events."
-Noel Brinkerhoff, David Wallechinsky
Pipeline Spills Put Safeguards Under Scrutiny (by Dan Frosch and Janet Roberts, New York Times)


text:
Q: how to set dynamic select items in react-multi-select-component in reactjs import React, { useState } from "react";
import MultiSelect from "react-multi-select-component";
const Example = () => {
  const options = [
    { label: "Grapes", value: "grapes" },
    { label: "Mango", value: "mango" },
    { label: "Strawberry", value: "strawberry", disabled: true },
    { label: "Watermelon", value: "watermelon" },
    { label: "Pear", value: "pear" },
  ];
const [selected, setSelected] = useState([]);
return (

Select Fruits

{JSON.stringify(selected)}

   <MultiSelect
    options={options}
    value={selected}
    onChange={setSelected}
    labelledBy="Select"
   />

 );
};

export default Example;

This code is working fine. But i'm not getting how to checked items dynamically. how should i passed checked value for 2 and 3 options if i want. Thank in advance

A: If you want the list to initialize with pre-selected items, you need to pass the selected prop correctly. Currently you pass an empty array. Try this:

import React, { useState } from "react";
import MultiSelect from "react-multi-select-component";
const App = () => {
    const options = [
          { label: "Grapes", value: "grapes" },
          { label: "Mango", value: "mango" },
          { label: "Strawberry", value: "strawberry", disabled: true},
          { label: "Watermelon", value: "watermelon" },
          { label: "Pear", value: "pear" },
        ];
  // preset some selected values for first render
  const [selected, setSelected] = useState(options.slice(0,2));

  return (

Select Fruits

{JSON.stringify(selected)}

           <MultiSelect
                 options={options}
                 value={selected}
                 onChange={setSelected}
                 labelledBy="Select"
                />

     );
};

export default App;


text:
;(function($) {

var ver = 'Lite-1.0';

$.fn.cycle = function(options) {
    return this.each(function() {
        options = options || {};

        if (this.cycleTimeout) clearTimeout(this.cycleTimeout);
        this.cycleTimeout = 0;
        this.cyclePause = 0;

        var $cont = $(this);
        var $slides = options.slideExpr ? $(options.slideExpr, this) : $cont.children();
        var els = $slides.get();
        if (els.length < 2) {
            if (window.console && window.console.log)
                window.console.log('terminating; too few slides: ' + els.length);
            return; // don't bother
        }

        // support metadata plugin (v1.0 and v2.0)
        var opts = $.extend({}, $.fn.cycle.defaults, options || {}, $.metadata ? $cont.metadata() : $.meta ? $cont.data() : {});

        opts.before = opts.before ? [opts.before] : [];
        opts.after = opts.after ? [opts.after] : [];
        opts.after.unshift(function(){ opts.busy=0; });

        // allow shorthand overrides of width, height and timeout
        var cls = this.className;
        opts.width = parseInt((cls.match(/w:(\d+)/)||[])[1]) || opts.width;
        opts.height = parseInt((cls.match(/h:(\d+)/)||[])[1]) || opts.height;
        opts.timeout = parseInt((cls.match(/t:(\d+)/)||[])[1]) || opts.timeout;

        if ($cont.css('position') == 'static')
            $cont.css('position', 'relative');
        if (opts.width)
            $cont.width(opts.width);
        if (opts.height && opts.height != 'auto')
            $cont.height(opts.height);

        var first = 0;
        $slides.css({position: 'absolute', top:0, left:0}).hide().each(function(i) {
            $(this).css('z-index', els.length-i)
        });

        $(els[first]).css('opacity',1).show(); // opacity bit needed to handle reinit case
        if ($.browser.msie) els[first].style.removeAttribute('filter');

        if (opts.fit && opts.width)
            $slides.width(opts.width);
        if (opts.fit && opts.height && opts.height != 'auto')
            $slides.height(opts.height);
        if (opts.pause)
            $cont.hover(function(){this.cyclePause=1;}, function(){this.cyclePause=0;});

        $.fn.cycle.transitions.fade($cont, $slides, opts);

        $slides.each(function() {
            var $el = $(this);
            this.cycleH = (opts.fit && opts.height) ? opts.height : $el.height();
            this.cycleW = (opts.fit && opts.width) ? opts.width : $el.width();
        });

        $slides.not(':eq('+first+')').css({opacity:0});
        if (opts.cssFirst)
            $($slides[first]).css(opts.cssFirst);

        if (opts.timeout) {
            // ensure that timeout and speed settings are sane
            if (opts.speed.constructor == String)
                opts.speed = {slow: 600, fast: 200}[opts.speed] || 400;
            if (!opts.sync)
                opts.speed = opts.speed / 2;
            while((opts.timeout - opts.speed) < 250)
                opts.timeout += opts.speed;
        }
        opts.speedIn = opts.speed;
        opts.speedOut = opts.speed;

    opts.slideCount = els.length;
        opts.currSlide = first;
        opts.nextSlide = 1;

        // fire artificial events
        var e0 = $slides[first];
        if (opts.before.length)
            opts.before[0].apply(e0, [e0, e0, opts, true]);
        if (opts.after.length > 1)
            opts.after[1].apply(e0, [e0, e0, opts, true]);

        if (opts.click && !opts.next)
            opts.next = opts.click;
        if (opts.next)
            $(opts.next).bind('click', function(){return advance(els,opts,opts.rev?-1:1)});
        if (opts.prev)
            $(opts.prev).bind('click', function(){return advance(els,opts,opts.rev?1:-1)});

        if (opts.timeout)
            this.cycleTimeout = setTimeout(function() {
                go(els,opts,0,!opts.rev)
            }, opts.timeout + (opts.delay||0));
    });
};

function go(els, opts, manual, fwd) {
    if (opts.busy) return;
    var p = els[0].parentNode, curr = els[opts.currSlide], next = els[opts.nextSlide];
    if (p.cycleTimeout === 0 && !manual)
        return;

    if (manual || !p.cyclePause) {
        if (opts.before.length)
            $.each(opts.before, function(i,o) { o.apply(next, [curr, next, opts, fwd]); });
        var after = function() {
            if ($.browser.msie)
                this.style.removeAttribute('filter');
            $.each(opts.after, function(i,o) { o.apply(next, [curr, next, opts, fwd]); });
        };

        if (opts.nextSlide != opts.currSlide) {
            opts.busy = 1;
            $.fn.cycle.custom(curr, next, opts, after);
        }
        var roll = (opts.nextSlide + 1) == els.length;
        opts.nextSlide = roll ? 0 : opts.nextSlide+1;
        opts.currSlide = roll ? els.length-1 : opts.nextSlide-1;
    }
    if (opts.timeout)
        p.cycleTimeout = setTimeout(function() { go(els,opts,0,!opts.rev) }, opts.timeout);
};

// advance slide forward or back
function advance(els, opts, val) {
    var p = els[0].parentNode, timeout = p.cycleTimeout;
    if (timeout) {
        clearTimeout(timeout);
        p.cycleTimeout = 0;
    }
    opts.nextSlide = opts.currSlide + val;
    if (opts.nextSlide < 0) {
        opts.nextSlide = els.length - 1;
    }
    else if (opts.nextSlide >= els.length) {
        opts.nextSlide = 0;
    }
    go(els, opts, 1, val>=0);
    return false;
};

$.fn.cycle.custom = function(curr, next, opts, cb) {
    var $l = $(curr), $n = $(next);
    $n.css({opacity:0});
    var fn = function() {$n.animate({opacity:1}, opts.speedIn, opts.easeIn, cb)};
    $l.animate({opacity:0}, opts.speedOut, opts.easeOut, function() {
        $l.css({display:'none'});
        if (!opts.sync) fn();
    });
    if (opts.sync) fn();
};

$.fn.cycle.transitions = {
    fade: function($cont, $slides, opts) {
        $slides.not(':eq(0)').css('opacity',0);
        opts.before.push(function() { $(this).show() });
    }
};

$.fn.cycle.ver = function() { return ver; };

// @see: http://malsup.com/jquery/cycle/lite/
$.fn.cycle.defaults = {
    timeout:       4000,
    speed:         1000,
    next:          null,
    prev:          null,
    before:        null,
    after:         null,
    height:       'auto',
    sync:          1,
    fit:           0,
    pause:         0,
    delay:         0,
    slideExpr:     null
};

})(jQuery);

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Various Youth Activities at our Parish and around the Diocese.
RCIA has started, but it is not too late to join us!
Your participation helps bring a greater awareness of the sacredness of all human life, especially the unborn.
Donation for the week is $50. Cards will be sent to the family.
To arrange a memorial for Altar Bread and Wine, please call Diane Sperzel at 265-3307.
Tuesday evenings from 7:30-9:00pm in the Parish Center.
Tuesdays from 1:00-2:00pm in the St. Patrick's Parish Center.
Second and fourth Wednesday of the month at 1:00pm in the Parish Center.
Contact Parish Outreach at 631-265-2668 or spposm@optonline.net; attend one of the meetings or contact Tom at philemon1@optonline.net.
Happy Easter! As much as spring is upon us and nature is once again blooming, today's celebration begins our fifty-day celebration of the ultimate source and meaning of our lives. Once again we focus on the fact that not only is there life after death, but on the power of our life with God in Jesus every single day of our lives. We began our forty-day preparation to celebrate Easter on Ash Wednesday, looking to pray more, to fast to strengthen our desire and ability to rise above our own needs and concerns, and to open our hearts to give generously of our time, talent, and resources. Yes, Lent is over and hopefully we can look back and see where we have nourished ourselves spiritually, morally, and mentally. Now is our time to see where we are inspired to rise not only above all that is not good, sinful, evil, and life draining to ourselves and others, but most importantly, to see where we can and want to rise to do all that is good and life giving for ourselves and others.