text:
A History of the County of Oxford: Volume 12, Wootton Hundred (South) Including Woodstock
Cassington: Manors and other estates
A History of the County of Oxford: Volume 12, Wootton Hundred (South) Including Woodstock. Originally published by Victoria County History, London, 1990.
Manors and other estates
In 1086 CASSINGTON was held of Odo of Bayeux by Wadard, who held two estates of 2 ½ hides each, and by Ilbert de Lacy, who held 6 hides. (fn. 37) One of Wadard's manors passed, with Cogges, to Mannasser Arsic, who held it in 1103. (fn. 38) Robert Arsic was overlord in 1212 and 1220, and in 1242 the manor was held of the Arsic fee. (fn. 39) In 1279 it was held of the Arsics' successor, Robert de Grey, but there is no further record of the overlordship and in 1320 the manor was held of the king in chief. (fn. 40)
Before 1123 the Arsics had granted their manor in CASSINGTON to the elder Geoffrey de Clinton, who in turn enfeoffed his brother William. (fn. 41) The mesne lordship thus created passed from Geoffrey de Clinton to his son Geoffrey and to the younger Geoffrey's son and grandson, both called Henry de Clinton. (fn. 42) The younger Henry died without issue in 1232-3, and Cassington passed to his sister Agnes and her husband Warin de Brakenham, who in 1242 conveyed it to William de Cauntelo of whom the manor was held in 1256. (fn. 43) From William de Cauntelo the mesne lordship seems to have passed to his son George and then to George's nephew and coheir John of Hastings, (fn. 44) but no further record of it has been found.
William de Clinton was succeeded as demesne tenant by his sons Ralph and Jordan (d. 1189) and by Jordan's son William (d. c. 1197). (fn. 45) From the younger William the manor passed to his son, another William de Clinton (d. by 1238) whose heir was Nicia de Clinton, wife of William of Paris. (fn. 46) Nicia seems to have given Cassington to her son, another William of Paris, who held it in 1242-3 and who, before his death in 1255, conveyed it to William Montagu. (fn. 47)
About 1269 William Montagu exchanged Cassington with Philip Basset and his wife Ela Longespee for their lives. Philip died in 1271, and in 1279 Ela held Cassington. (fn. 48) On her death in 1297 the manor reverted to William Montagu's son Simon, Lord Montagu, (fn. 49) from whom it passed to his son William (d. 1319); William's relict Elizabeth evidently retained the manor in dower until her death in 1354, when it reverted to William's grandson William (d. 1397), earl of Salisbury. (fn. 50) The last William was succeeded by his nephew John Montagu, earl of succeeded by his nephew John Montagu, earl of Salisbury, on whose execution in 1400 Cassington escheated to the Crown and was granted to John Cornwall for life. (fn. 51) In 1409 it was restored to John Montagu's son Thomas, earl of Salisbury (d. 1428). (fn. 52) Thomas's heir was his daughter Alice, wife of Richard Neville, who had at least an interest in Cassington in 1446, but in 1448 the manor was held by Thomas's widow Alice Chaucer and her third husband William de la Pole, duke of Suffolk, and in 1450 Alice Chaucer made a settlement of it. (fn. 53) It presumably passed to her son John de la Pole, duke of Suffolk, for her grandson Edmund de la Pole, earl of Suffolk, held Cassington at his forfeiture in 1504. (fn. 54) The manor then passed, with the dukedom and earldom of Suffolk, to Charles Brandon (fn. 55) who sold it back to the Crown.
In 1557 the manor was sold to Edward Mylner and Nicholas Pynde who presumably sold it to Richard Yate from whom it passed in 1561 to Richard Gunter and in 1563 to John Warner. (fn. 56) Warner died in 1565 and was succeeded by his nephew Thomas Norwood who in 1574 sold the manor, then called Moat farm, to his tenant Vincent Coventry. (fn. 57) Coventry died in 1610, having sold part of the property, and in the same year his son and heir John mortgaged the manor to Edmund Reynolds of Oxford who apparently foreclosed on the mortgage in 1612. On his death in 1630 Reynolds bequeathed his interest in Cassington to his nephew William Reynolds. (fn. 58) In 1633 a dispute over the ownership was settled when John Coventry granted the manor to William Reynolds for the residue of a term of 1,000 years created in 1610. (fn. 59) There is no further reference to the Coventry interest in the manor, and Reynolds presumably acquired the freehold, if Edmund Reynolds had not already done so in 1610. William Reynolds was succeeded before 1665 by his son Christopher whose son and heir Edmund sold most of the estate, no longer described as a manor, to John Greenway in 1700. Greenway, a member of a long established Cassington family, died in 1742 and was succeeded by his son John who died without issue in 1775 and was succeeded by his nephews Randolph (d. 1785) and Henry Greenway. Henry sold the estate in 1799 to George Spencer, duke of Marlborough. (fn. 60) The dukes of Marlborough, who had built up a large estate in Cassington, were described as lords of the manor throughout the 19th century and were the largest landowners in the parish in 1982.
William Montagu obtained licence to crenellate his manor of Cassington in 1317. (fn. 61) The house, which stood within a moat south-east of the church, presumably decayed in the later 15th century when the lords of the manor no longer used it as an occasional residence. The site was in 1982 marked by a mound about 20 yards east of the surviving farmhouse, Reynolds Farm, a coursed rubble building of two storeys with attics. The main range, which runs north-south, has a three-room plan with a small projection on the west; it was probably built in the early 17th century. The house was extended to the north-west in the 18th century and to the north-east in the early 20th century, at about which time the roof of the old house was renewed. The cellars probably once extended further south (fn. 62) and there may have been a room above them. The pigeon house west of the house may be of the 17th century. The earthworks of three fishponds survive in a field south of the house. The house was retained by Edmund Reynolds when he sold the rest of his Cassington estate in 1700. (fn. 63)
Wadard's second 2 ½ hide manor of CASSINGTON was held in 1235 of the honor of St. Valery. (fn. 64) Richard, king of the Romans, confirmed a grant of land in Cassington in 1270, and the overlordship was recorded again in 1279, 1300, and 1325. (fn. 65) In 1414 and 1490 the manor was said to be held of the honor of Wallingford. (fn. 66)
The mesne lordship of the manor, later 1 knight's fee, passed to Walkelin Wadard, apparently Wadard's son, and to Walkelin's daughter Helewise. It then passed to Helewise's son by her first marriage, Walkelin Hareng, and his coheirs, Stephen of Fritwell and John Brown, of whom the manor was held in 1247. (fn. 67) In 1279 it was held of Stephen's son Richard of Fritwell and William Brown, (fn. 68) but there is no later record of the mesne lordship.
In the late 12th century the demesne tenants of half the fee were Helewise's daughter by her second marriage, Avice Avenel, and her husband Richard de Vernon (d. 1195), who gave the manor to William de Brai in marriage with their daughter Isabel. (fn. 69) In 1247 the manor was held by Robert and Cecily Bagot, but shortly afterwards their son William sold it to Peter Ashridge who gave it to Godstow abbey. (fn. 70) Richard de Vernon, grandson of Richard and Avice, confirmed the grant to Godstow c. 1255, but in 1279 the abbess held directly of Richard of Fritwell and William Brown. (fn. 71) Thereafter the descent followed that of Godstow's other Cassington manor (fn. 72) into which it was absorbed.
The other half of the St. Valery fee may have been held in the late 12th century by Amisius of Woodstock, whose son John sold land in Cassington to Philip Pady of Oxford before 1252. (fn. 73) Philip was succeeded by John Pady whose son Edmund held the ½ knight's fee in 1279. (fn. 74) Henry Pady, presumably Edmund's heir, sold the estate c. 1284 to Michael Meldon who held ½ fee of the earl of Cornwall in 1300. (fn. 75) In 1324 Michael settled his Cassington property on his son William, who held it in 1350. (fn. 76) William died c. 1362 and was succeeded by Walter of Coxwell who in 1365 conveyed Cassington to Thomas Cheyne. (fn. 77) The manor then seems to have descended to Thomas's son Henry (d. 1397), to Henry's nephew Roger Cheyne (d. 1414), and to Roger's son John, who in 1444 sold it to John Elmes. (fn. 78) From John Elmes the manor passed to his son John (d. 1491), and then, with the manor of Papley in Warmington (Northants.) (fn. 79) to the younger John's son William (d. 1504), to William's son John (d. 1541), to John's son Edmund (d. 1602), to Edmund's son Thomas (d. 1632), to Thomas's son William (d. 1641), and to William's son Arthur, who in 1661 conveyed it to Henry Allnutt. (fn. 80) In 1692 Henry Allnutt conveyed the manor to his youngest son, another Henry, who sold it in 1711 to John Churchill, duke of Marlborough. (fn. 81)
The 6 hides in CASSINGTON held by Ilbert de Lacy in 1086 were later held of the honor of Pontefract. (fn. 82) In 1235-6 the manor was held of Ilbert's descendant John de Lacy earl of Lincoln, and in 1242 of John's son Edmund, earl of Lincoln. (fn. 83) On the death of Henry de Lacy, earl of Lincoln, in 1311, the knight's fee in Cassington passed to his daughter Alice and her husband Thomas, earl of Lancaster. (fn. 84) Thereafter the overlordship of the fee descended with the earldom, and later dukedom, of Lancaster. It was last recorded in 1361 when Cassington was among the lands assigned to Blanche, daughter and coheir of Henry, duke of Lancaster, and her husband John of Gaunt. (fn. 85)
William de Clinton held 1 knight's fee of the honor of Pontefract, along with his estate of the Arsic honor, in 1235-6, but three quarters of it had been alienated by 1242-3 when William of Paris held only ¼ fee. (fn. 86) That ¼ fee later descended with William's other Cassington manor, into which it was absorbed, to the Montagus and their successors. A mesne tenancy may have been created in the mid 13th century, for in 1255 William of Paris was said to have held of William Mauduit, (fn. 87) but there is no other record of such a mesne tenancy.
The remaining three quarters of the Pontefract fee was held in 1242-3 by William son of Peter. (fn. 88) whose family can be traced in Cassington from the later 12th century and may have held a manor under the Clintons. Richard of Cassington was recorded in 1170 and 1172; (fn. 89) his son William married Gillian Rampan, a descendant and perhaps heir of William Rampan who was associated with Geoffrey de Clinton in the mid 12th century. (fn. 90) By 1204 William son of Richard had been succeeded by his son Peter, (fn. 91) presumably the father of the William who held in 1242-3. In 1279 William son of Peter held the land, presumably ¾ fee, of the honor of Pontefract. (fn. 92) William died before 1295 and was succeeded by his son William who may have been the William Rampan who held the ¾ fee in 1311. (fn. 93) Soon afterwards the manor, reduced to ¼ fee by grants to Godstow abbey, seems to have been granted to Michael Meldon, holder of part of the St. Valery manor, of whom both the abbess of Godstow and William son of Peter held before 1316. (fn. 94) Michael Meldon and his successors retained part of the Pontefract fee: in 1361 Michael's son William held ¼ fee and in 1428 Thomas Cheyne held ½ fee which had been William Meldon's. (fn. 95)
During the 13th century Godstow abbey built up an estate which amounted to ½ fee of the Pontefract manor and ½ fee of the St. Valery manor. (fn. 96) The abbey retained the estate, later described as a manor, until the Dissolution. (fn. 97) when it passed to the Crown. In 1544 it was sold or mortgaged to 19 men, apparently London merchants, among them Richard Allen, perhaps the man of that name who in 1559 conveyed the Godstow manor of CASSINGTON to his sons Thomas and Richard. (fn. 98) They sold it in 1562 to Richard Gunter, owner of the former Montagu manor. In 1563 Gunter conveyed both manors to John Warner from whom they passed to Thomas Norwood. (fn. 99) Norwood sold the Godstow manor in 1573 to a Cassington yeoman, Richard Greenway, who divided it among his four sons, John, Robert, Richard, and Thomas. (fn. 1) One quarter of the manor descended in the Greenway family to Francis Greenway (d. 1717), who was succeeded by his cousin John Greenway, owner of the former Montagu manor, (fn. 2) with which that quarter of the Godstow manor descended thereafter. Another quarter remained in the Greenway family until 1691, then passed through various hands until it was bought in 1781 by Richard Tawney of Oxford. The executors of Tawney's great great nephew, another Richard Tawney, sold it in 1867 to Christ Church, Oxford. (fn. 3) The remaining two quarters were split up in the 17th century; most of the land seems to have been bought by the dukes of Marlborough in the 18th and 19th centuries.
The Godstow manor house was apparently at the southern edge of the village on the site now occupied by Thames Mead Farm. It may have been the house leased to William Meldon in 1350 which then comprised a hall with two cellars, a kitchen, a dovecot, two granges, a chamber with a loft above for the mower, and a stable. (fn. 4) The house, which then contained six bays of building, (fn. 5) was divided in 1604 between Robert and Richard Greenway. The surviving house has a datestone of 1607 on one wing. The main building, which is partly timber-framed and partly stone, is a long range which was apparently once a single house but is now divided into two. The southern part contains a panelled room of c. 1700.
In 1086 Roger, presumably Roger d'Ivri, held Worton of the fee of William FitzOsbern, and Robert, presumably Robert d'Oilly, held of him. (fn. 6) The township seems in fact to have been divided between Roger d'Ivri and Robert d'Oilly, who both held in chief after the forfeiture of William FitzOsbern's son Roger in 1075. Before c. 1127 Robert d'Oilly or his successor gave land in WORTON, later ½ knight's fee, to the church of St. George in the Castle, Oxford. It passed, with that church's other endowments, to Oseney abbey in 1149. (fn. 7) At the Dissolution it passed to the first Oxford cathedral and then, in 1546, to Christ Church which held it, with other Cassington property, until it was sold in two parts in 1952 and 1954, by which time manorial rights had long since lapsed. (fn. 8)
The other ½ fee in WORTON descended with the rest of Roger d'Ivri's lands to the honor of St. Valery, and was held in the early 13th century by Robert, count of Dreux, and from 1237 by Richard, king of the Romans, and his son, Edmund earl of Cornwall. The overlordship was last recorded in 1324. (fn. 9)
In 1237 the tenants of the manor were Philip Miller, perhaps the Oxford burgess of that name, and Philip Ridi, who held of the gift of William Fremcurt. (fn. 10) By 1279 it had passed to John de Eu, a prominent Oxford burgess, from whom it seems to have passed to Henry Pady, holder of half the St. Valery fee in Cassington, and so, with Henry's Cassington manor, to Michael Meldon who held ½ fee in Worton in 1300. (fn. 11) In 1324 Michael Meldon settled his Worton land on his son Michael. (fn. 12) In 1346, however, the manor was held by another John de Eu. (fn. 13) The next known lord was Thomas Stratford who conveyed it before 1428 to John Barton. It then passed, under the terms of John Barton's will, to his son John, and then c. 1450, to William Fowler of Buckingham. (fn. 14) By 1457 it had been acquired by the younger John Elmes. (fn. 15) and thereafter it descended with the Elmes manor of Cassington.
The rectory estate, comprising a house, c. 3 a. of arable and 1 yard of meadow, and most of the great tithes, (fn. 16) was held by Eynsham abbey. Two thirds of the tithe of the Arsic manor of Cassington, however, was granted to Cogges priory by Mannasser Arsic c. 1103, and Oseney abbey received the tithes of 1 hide of demesne in Worton until c. 1172. Agreements were later reached with both houses whereby Eynsham received the tithe in return for payments of 10s. to Cogges and 2s. to Oseney. (fn. 17) Both payments had been lost by 1535. (fn. 18)
After the Dissolution the rectory land and tithes passed to Christ Church, which leased the property to a succession of tenants, many of them non-resident, who included Michael Townsend of Cassington (1544), Sir Thomas Spencer of Yarnton and his widow Jane (1683-1711), and Gilbert Mabbott, his son, and grandson (1739-1834), (fn. 19) until 1877 when the college started to farm the estate directly. The great tithes were commuted at inclosure in 1801 for 248 a. (fn. 20) which was absorbed into the college's other Worton property. When Worton Rectory farm was sold in 1954 it comprised 366 a. (fn. 21)
The medieval rectory house was presumably in Cassington village. In 1539 it was a messuage called Bedwyns on which a tithe barn had been built, near the vicarage house, and it continued to be so described in Christ Church leases. (fn. 22) In 1795 the rectory house was described as a hand- some building of rough cast stone with sash windows and a stone slate roof; the outbuildings included a brewhouse, stables, the tithe barn, and a dovecot, but there is no evidence where it was; (fn. 23) it may already, like the later Rectory Farm, have been in Worton.
Burleigh wood and the adjoining Burleigh meadow were said to have escheated to Henry II on the felony of William the chamberlain. (fn. 24) In 1267 Henry III granted the wood, and presum- ably the meadow, to Godstow abbey, but in 1274 and 1279 both were held by the farmer of Bladon, who claimed that they belonged to that manor. (fn. 25) Godstow recovered the estate in 1306 and 1310, (fn. 26) and retained it until the Dissolution when it passed to the Crown. In 1553 Burleigh mead, and presumably also the wood, was granted to George Owen of Godstow. (fn. 27) In 1609 both wood and meadow were held by Sir Wil- liam Spencer of Yarnton, (fn. 28) and they descended with Yarnton manor, being divided at the end of the 17th century between Sir Robert Dashwood, who held two thirds, and Benjamin Swete who held one third. (fn. 29) Swete's third passed through a number of hands and was sold in 1771 to George Spencer, duke of Marlborough; the duke acquired the remainder of the wood by exchange with Sir Henry Dashwood at inclosure in 1801. (fn. 30)
37. V.C.H. Oxon. i. 405-7.
38. Cartae Antiquae (Pipe R. Soc. N.S. xxxiii), pp. 154-5.
39. Cur. Reg. R. vi, p. 340; ix, pp. 22, 363, 448; Bk. of Fees, ii. 822, 835.
40. Rot. Hund. (Rec. Com.), ii. 854; Cal. Inq. p.m. vi, p. 141.
41. Eynsham Cart. i, pp. 43, 91.
42. Ibid. pp. 91-2; Cur. Reg. R. vi, p. 340.
43. Oxon. Fines, 237; Cal. Inq. p.m. i, p. 96.
44. Cal. Pat. 1374-7, 271; Cal. Inq. p.m. i, p. 85; ii, pp. 16-21.
45. Pipe R. 1197 (P.R.S. viii), 40; for the Clinton family, see V.C.H. Oxon. xi. 123.
46. Oxon. Fines, 67; Cur. Reg. R. xvi, p. 82.
47. Bk. of Fees, ii. 822; Cal. Inq. p.m. i, p. 96.
48. Oxon. Fines, 244; Cal. Inq. p.m. i, p. 272; Rot. Hund. (Rec. Com.), ii. 854.
49. Cal. Chart. R. 1257-1300, 346; Cal. Pat. 1281-92, 479; Complete Peerage, ix. 77-82; xii. 365.
50. Complete Peerage, xi. 385-98; Feud. Aids, iv. 163, 178; Cal. Inq. p.m. vi, p. 141; x, p. 147. A sale to Simon Burley in 1388 did not take effect:Cal. Inq. Misc. v, p. 132.
51. Cal. Pat. 1399-1401, 322, 336; 1401-5, 94.
52. Cal. Close, 1405-9, 444.
53. P.R.O., CP 25(1)/19½8, no. 24; Cal. Close, 1447-54, 38-9, 211-12.
54. Complete Peerage, xii (1), 443-53; Cal. Pat. 1494- 1509, 260, 265; Cal. Inq. p.m. Hen. VII, iii, p. 425.
55. Complete Peerage, xii (1), 454.
56. Cal. Pat. 1557-8, 154; 1560-3, 20, 545.
57. P.R.O., C 142/141, no. 46; Cal. Pat. 1572-5, p. 237.
58. P.R.O., C 142/331, no. 104; C 142/548, no. 47.
59. Blenheim Mun., box 33.
60. Ibid. boxes 33-4.
61. Cal. Pat. 1317-21, 29.
62. Inf. from Prof. J. M. Wallace-Hadrill.
63. Par. reg., burial reg. 1742
64. Bk. of Fees, ii. 822.
65. Godstow Eng. Reg. i, pp. 264-5; Rot. Hund. (Rec. Com.), ii. 854; Cal. Inq. p.m. iii, p. 479; Cal. Pat. 1324-7, 195-6.
66. P.R.O., C 138/7, no. 19; Cal. Inq. p.m. Hen. VII, i, p. 243.
67. P.R.O., JUST ½73, m. 31; Eynsham Cart. i, p. 413.
68. Rot. Hund. (Rec. Com.), ii. 854.
69. Hist. MSS. Com. 24, Rutland, iv, pp. 24-5; for the Vernons see V.C.H. Bucks. iv. 89, 141.
70. Godstow Eng. Reg. i, pp. 280-2; P.R.O., JUST 1/373, m. 31.
71. Godstow Eng. Reg. i, p. 280; Rot. Hund. (Rec. Com.), ii. 854.
72. Below.
73. Eynsham Cart. i, pp. 110, 267; Oxon. Fines, 159.
74. Godstow Eng. Reg. i, p. 264; Rot. Hund. (Rec. Com.), ii. 797, 854.
75. Oxon. Fines, 215; Cal. Inq. p.m. iii, p. 479; Earldom of Cornwall Accts. 1296-7, i (Camd. 3rd ser. lxvi), 143.
76. P.R.O., C 143/167, no. 10.
77. Black Prince's Reg. iv. 452, 454; P.R.O., CP 25(1)/190/22, no. 4.
78. P.R.O., SC 2/197/16; ibid. C 138/7, no. 6; ibid. CP 25(1)/19½8, no. 17; for the Cheyne fam. see V.C.H. Bucks. iii. 341.
79. V.C.H. Northants. iii. 117-18.
80. P.R.O., C 142/66, no. 58; C 142/408, no. 120; C 142/492, no. 87.
81. O.R.O., Allnutt I/10; Blenheim Mun., box 30.
82. V.C.H. Oxon. i. 380, 407.
83. Bk. of Fees, i. 449; ii. 822; Sanders, Eng. Baronies, 138.
84. Cal. Inq. p.m. vi, p. 141.
86. Bk. of Fees, i. 449; ii. 838.
87. Cal. Inq. p.m. i, p. 96.
89. Pipe R. 1170 (P.R.S. xv), 68; 1172 (P.R.S. xviii), 19.
90. Godstow Eng. Reg. i, pp. 251-3; Eynsham Cart. i, p. 92;
91. Pipe R. 1204 (P.R.S. N.S. xviii), 118-19.
92. Rot. Hund. (Rec. Com.), ii. 854-5.
93. Godstow Eng. Reg. i, pp. 302-4; Cal. Inq. p.m. v, p. 156.
94. Godstow Eng. Reg. i, pp. 303-4, 314-15.
95. Cal. Close, 1360-4, 204; Feud. Aids, iv. 196.
96. Godstow Eng. Reg. i, pp. 240-319.
97. Valor Eccl. (Rec. Com.), ii. 193.
98. L. & P. Hen. VIII, xix, p. 77; Cal. Pat. 1558-60, 75.
99. Cal. Pat. 1560-3, 395, 402, 545; P.R.O., C 142/141, no. 46.
1. Cal. Pat. 1572-5, p. 66; P.R.O., C 142/392, no. 135.
2. Blenheim Mun., boxes 33-4.
3. Ch. Ch. Arch., Cassington B, 1-72.
4. Godstow Eng. Reg. i, p. 318.
5. Ch. Ch. Arch., Cassington B, 4.
6. V.C.H. Oxon. i. 426.
7. Oseney Cart. iv, pp. 7, 27-8, 88.
8. Valor Eccl. (Rec. Com.), ii. 217; L. & P. Hen. VIII, xxi (2), p. 334; Ch. Ch. Arch., Cassington A 74.
9. Bk. of Fees, i. 613; Rot. Hund. (Rec. Com.), ii. 855; Cal. Inq. p.m. iii, p. 479; P.R.O., C 143/163, no. 14.
10. Bk. of Fees. i. 613.
11. Rot. Hund. (Rec. Com.), ii. 855; Oxon. Fines, 226; Cal. Inq. p.m. iii, p. 479; Cal. Close 1307-13, 12; Earldom of Cornwall Accts. 1296-7, i (Camd. 3rd ser. Ixvi), 142.
13. Feud. Aids, iv. 178.
14. P.R.O., C 1/18, no. 64.
15. Cal. Inq. p.m. Hen. VII, i, p. 243.
16. Ch. Ch. Arch., MS. Estates 146, ff. 402, 411.
17. Oxoniensia, xlvii. 46, 50; Oseney Cart. iv, pp. 112-13.
19. Ch. Ch. Arch., Cassington A, passim.
21. Ch. Ch. Arch., Cassington A 74.
22. Eynsham Cart. ii, p. 252.
23. Ch. Ch. Arch., MS. Estates 146, f. 411.
24. V. Steed, 'Burleigh Wood in Bladon and Cassington',Top. Oxon. xi [4-5] Cal. Close, 1302-7, 389.
25. Godstow Eng. Reg. i, pp. 239-40; Rot. Hund. (Rec. Com.), ii. 46, 851.
26. Cal. Close, 1302-7, 389; 1307-13, 210.
27. Valor Eccl. (Rec. Com.), ii. 193; Cal. Pat. 1553, 260-1.
28. P.R.O., LR 2/202, f. 38v.; ibid. C 142/315, no. 173.
29. O.R.O., Dash XV/i/48; Blenheim Mun., box 31; Three Oxon. Pars. 292.
30. Blenheim Mun., box 31; O.R.O., incl. award.


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First U.S. Hello Kitty Cafe location to open in California
By Teresa Jue
November 03, 2014 at 07:14 PM EST
Dan R. Krauss/Getty Images
Cue Phantom Planet's "California": The purveyor of all things cute will opening a café in home of Marissa Cooper this summer 2015.
According to the LAist, a Hello Kitty Café will be opening in Orange County, the first in the continental United States. The café will be selling a host of trendy Hello Kitty-themed treats, such as donuts, macarons, and cake pops, which were featured at the Hello Kitty mobile food truck this past weekend at the Hello Kitty Con in Los Angeles.
According to an interview between the LAist and Hello Kitty Café managing partner Allan Tea, the cafe will also sell café-style food, including artisan pastries, salads, sandwiches, and coffee beverages such as espresso. For those who cannot wait to eat a macaron plastered with Hello Kitty cuteness, LAist also reports that the Hello Kitty Cafe mobile food truck will be available for private parties, which probably means a bunch of Hello Kitty-themed weddings are on the horizon.
Sanrio did not immediately respond to EW's request for comment.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Robert Jordan, Hemingway's Bipartisan Hero
By Susan Stamberg
Published October 14, 2008 at 12:44 PM EDT
They're fierce political opponents, but it turns out that the presidential candidates do agree on a literary matter: Each man picks Ernest Hemingway's 1940 novel For Whom the Bell Tolls as a favorite.
The book tells the story of Robert Jordan, an American who hides out in caves during the Spanish Civil War and wages guerrilla war against the fascists.
In a 2002 public radio interview John McCain said, "Robert Jordan was everything I ever wanted to be."
Though NPR was unable to talk to Barack Obama about the character so late in the campaign season, in a July interview for Rolling Stone Magazine, the candidate cited For Whom the Bell Tolls as one of the books that most inspired him.
The Hemingway Code
Two very different men find the same man's story inspirational. Surprising? War novelist Robert Stone doesn't think so.
Stone calls Jordan "a great and admirable character," known, above-all, for his stoicism, grace under pressure and toughness.
"Both [McCain and Obama] in their way are tough guys, and their code is inherent in Robert Jordan," says Stone. "Hemingway kind of created the idea of the anti-fascist hero. You can't have Casablanca and Bogart and all those characters without that Hemingway character. They also derive from Robert Jordan."
Scholar Gail Sinclair says Jordan embodies what's called "the Hemingway Code," which she explains as the idea that "there probably isn't God or a world after this so you have to establish for yourself a code of behavior so you can be happy with what you left behind."
A Man With A Mission
Robert Jordan is manly, honorable and idealistic, even in the face of sure defeat. He's charged with blowing up a bridge. It's a bad order, and he knows it. Yet he carries out his mission, protecting the small band of fighters who've been helping him in the snow-covered mountains. He sacrifices himself, for their cause.
Sinclair sees echoes of Obama in Jordan's selflessness: "I think back on Obama's mother saying, 'You must live so you make a difference in the world.'"
Jordan, Sinclair points out, was a bright young American who left a comfortable teaching job in Missoula, Mont., to hide in caves with the partisans — farmers and guerrillas who were disenfranchised from the larger society.
"Jordan takes up the cause of people who are less fortunate but not less passionate," says Sinclair. Like Jordan, Obama — also a bright young American — chose a life of public service over a well-paid law firm job.
Novelist Stone suggests that it's Jordan's strength that Obama might admire — he likens it to the kind of toughness an African-American would need to summon in order to rise to Obama's prominence.
"I can imagine that you have to be really tough to be as successful and eloquent and persuasive as Obama is," says Stone.
'The World Is A Fine Place ...'
Jordan is tough, principled, heroic — and doomed. Yet he carries out his assignment. McCain says he thought about Hemingway's hero over and over again as a prisoner in Vietnam.
"I knew that Robert Jordan — if he were in the next cell to mine — he would be stoic, he would be strong, he would be tough, he wouldn't give up," says McCain. "And Robert would expect me to do the same thing."
At the end of For Whom the Bell Tolls, Jordan is in a forest, looking down at the bridge he was sent to destroy. His leg is broken and he tells his young lover, Maria, that she must go on without him. And then, alone, lying there on the pine needles, he faces his death.
"He knows that life is good and it will be a very bad thing to lose his life. But he's very stoic about it, as Hemingway characters always are," says Stone. Toward the end of the book, Jordan faces his demise with a powerful reflection that McCain has quoted before: "The world is a fine place and worth the fighting for and I hate very much to leave it."
"It's a beautiful phrase when you think about it," says McCain. "To me, it means everything: Maximize your time. Care about the world, not just yourself. And accept your fate."
Now fate has given McCain and Obama the chance to make history. It's a fight schooled, in part, by a fictional character they both admire.
Susan Stamberg
Nationally renowned broadcast journalist Susan Stamberg is a special correspondent for NPR.
See stories by Susan Stamberg


text:
Q: Listbox filtered dynamically by textbox is recording/saving wrong value I have a textbox that dynamically filters a listbox on the same form as you type.  The listbox filters perfectly, but the selected value is not saving correctly.  For example, if you click on the fourth value after filtering the listbox and then close the form, it actually saves what would have been the fourth value had the list not been filtered.
Here is the code:
Private Sub txtSearch_Change()
'CODE THAT HANDLES WHAT HAPPENS WHEN THE USER TYPES IN THE SEARCH BOX
    Dim strFullList       As String
    Dim strFilteredList   As String

    If blnSpace = False Then
        Me.Refresh 'refresh to make sure the text box changes are actually available to use

        'specify the default/full rowsource for the control
        strFullList = "SELECT [Project ID], [Project Name] FROM [Admin: Projects] ORDER BY [Project Name];"
        'specify the way you want the rowsource to be filtered based on the user's entry
        strFilteredList = "SELECT [Project ID], [Project Name] FROM [Admin: Projects] WHERE [Project Name] LIKE ""*" & Me.txtSearch.Value & "*"" ORDER BY [Project Name]"

        'run the search
        fLiveSearch Me.txtSearch, Me.lstItems, strFullList, strFilteredList, Me.txtCount
    End If

End Sub

Private Sub txtSearch_KeyPress(KeyAscii As Integer)
'NECESSARY TO IDENTIFY IF THE USER IS HITTING THE SPACEBAR
'IN WHICH CASE WE WANT TO IGNORE THE INPUT

    On Error GoTo err_handle

    If KeyAscii = 32 Then
        blnSpace = True
    Else
        blnSpace = False
    End If

    Exit Sub
    err_handle:
    Select Case Err.Number
    Case Else
        MsgBox "An unexpected error has occurred: " & vbCrLf & Err.Description & _
        vbCrLf & "Error " & Err.Number & "(" & Erl & ")"
    End Select
End Sub

Private Sub txtSearch_GotFocus()
' USED TO REMOVE THE PROMPT IF THE CONTROL GETS FOCUS
    On Error Resume Next
    If Me.txtSearch.Value = "(type to search)" Then
        Me.txtSearch.Value = ""
    End If
End Sub

Private Sub txtSearch_LostFocus()
' USED TO ADD THE PROMPT BACK IN IF THE CONTROL LOSES FOCUS
    On Error Resume Next
    If Me.txtSearch.Value = "" Then
        Me.txtSearch.Value = "(type to search)"
    End If

End Sub

Private Sub Form_Close()
    DoCmd.SetWarnings False
End Sub

I've inherited this database and am trying to fix up areas that are not working.  I'm definitely a novice and I can't seem to figure out where the error might be in the code that is causing the wrong value to save to the record.  Any guidance would be appreciated.

A: Replace:
'run the search
fLiveSearch Me.txtSearch, Me.lstItems, strFullList, strFilteredList,  Me.txtCount

With
me.lstitems.rowsourcetype = "Table/Query"
me.lstitems.rowsource = strfilteredlist

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Is Smalltalk easy to learn?
It presents no thinking load on the programmer where no other major language can make this claim. It is one of the simplest, smallest programming languages in the world. Thus, quite easy to learn. It's an excellent instructional language for teaching programming to people without having a technical background. It's a superlative prototyping language for startups. It's an industrial-strength enterprise language that is used by businesses all around the world.
Learning Smalltalk could also give you a big advantage in programming skills among your colleagues, and it could be an excellent tool for teaching programming to beginners. In terms of ease of use, languages like Java, Python, and JavaScript lag in comparison. Smalltalk makes object-oriented programming much easier than in C++, Java, C#, and others.
Smalltalk is a "pure" object-oriented programming language, which means unlike C++ and Java, there is no difference between values that are objects and values which are primitive types because here everything is an object. There are no primitive data types, no control structures, i.e, selection, and iteration! Every task in Smalltalk is done by sending messages to objects. This is what makes Smalltalk so simple, smart, and easy to learn. This is what makes the language clean syntactically. In Smalltalk, simple values such as integers, booleans and characters are also objects, in the sense that they are instances of corresponding classes, and operations on them are carried out by sending messages. A programmer can change or extend (through sub-classing) the classes that implement basic values so that new behavior can be defined for their instances.
In short, it is a matchless opportunity to greatly improve your knowledge, mental insight, and productivity as it provides its users a friendly environment in the programming world. One should definitely learn it.
Is Smalltalk worth learning in 2020?
Yes, it is worth learning in 2020 because it is still very relevant. The universal consensus is that Smalltalk is the best OOP language. It was the first programming language to promote OOP back in the 1980s. It has directly motivated the design of nearly every OOP language we use today, including Python, Ruby, PHP, etc. Since OOP is so widely used throughout the IT industry, it is the best way to lay a solid foundation and provides the base for object-oriented programming before moving to other languages.
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Languages like Python and JavaScript, and C were never considered nor intended as teaching languages. There are developed languages that carry a lot of baggage. No matter how friendly you think Python and JavaScript are, if you are a beginner, you must start with Smalltalk. In the course of your career, you will likely learn and use many programming languages. You can learn Python or JavaScript afterward, and there is nothing wrong with this strategy. You don't have to use Smalltalk in production today, but try to code something in Smalltalk and see how it feels. It should feel familiar because Smalltalk's implementation of the object-oriented (OO) standard is so excellent that it has influenced an entire generation of OO languages, such as Objective-C, Python, Ruby, Erlang, CLOS, PHP 5, Perl 6, Swift, Groovy, Scala, Dart, and so on.
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By learning Smalltalk, you'll understand how all of those beneficial features in today's OO languages came to be. Learning Smalltalk could also give you a big advantage in programming skills among your peers, and it could be a great tool for teaching programming to beginners. It's one of the most productive development platforms in history, having several mature applications, and there's a surprisingly large codebase out there.
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Features of Smalltalk programming language:
Smalltalk presented the world to the language virtual machine (VM), which allows the software to be platform-independent. This is the same technology that supports Java (JVM), Android, etc.
Smalltalk also founded JIT or just-in-time compilation, a technique for intensely improving the performance of byte code software such as Java.
Smalltalk bought the first modern IDE or integrated development environment, which comprised a text editor, a class browser, an object or property inspector, and a debugger.
Smalltalk has closures, scoped as first-class functions. In short, a closure is a callback function that can see non-local variables in the place where they were defined. This can help in writing more compact and readable code.
Smalltalk was the first language tool that supported live programming and advanced debugging techniques, such as on-the-fly inspection and code changes during execution. Today, live debugging is possible in C# with Visual Studio's edit-and-continue feature and with Hot-Swap in Java.
Smalltalk introduced MVC to the world. It is a software architectural pattern for executing user interfaces. It's common with desktop graphical user interface (GUI) and web applications.
To a large extent, Smalltalk is accountable for giving us test-driven development (TDD) and extreme programming (XP), which are both very significant in today's standard agile practices.
Smalltalk made duck typing a household term. Duck typing is where type checking is delayed until run-time or when reflection capabilities are used to ensure correct behavior. We can find duck typing in many languages today.
Smalltalk pioneered the growth of object databases. While it didn't become normal, object databases have their niche markets. The best example of an object database product is Gemstone S, which is well-suited to scalable, high-performance, multi-tier distributed systems.
Smalltalk provides the first refactoring browser.Smalltalk provided the GUI and" what-you-see-is-what-you-get "(WYSIWYG) user interface.
Smalltalk Programming Language Examples:
GNU Smalltalk:
A free implementation of the Smalltalk-80 language, which runs on most of the versions on Unix and, in general, everywhere you can find a POSIX-compliance library is GNU Smalltalk. It is well-versed in scripting tasks and headless processing that is an uncommon feature of it.
Pharo Smalltalk:
A pure object-oriented programming language and powerful environment focused on simplicity, and immediate feedback (think IDE and OS rolled into one) is Pharo. It has a simple syntax.
Amber Smalltalk:
Live development environment with a class browser, workspace, unit test runner, transcript, object inspector, and debugger included in Amber.
Squeak Smalltalk:
Smalltalk programming system with fast execution environments for major platforms is Squeak. The framework, which promotes low-effort graphical, interactive application development and maintenance, is featured by it.
Cuis Smalltalk:
A free Smalltalk-80 environment originally derived from Squeak with a specific set of goals, i-e being simple and powerful is Cuis. It is portable to any platform, fast, and efficient. This means it is a good tool for running on any hardware, extending from RasPi's and the like and phones, including regular laptops and PCs up to server racks and everything in between.
Dolphin Smalltalk:
An implementation of the Smalltalk programming language for Windows is Dolphin Smalltalk, Dolphin for short. It uses an integrated development environment. The toolkit of this Smalltalk dialect include an integrated browser, a WYSIWYG "view composer," and a package browser. From the convention of the Smalltalk MVC framework with the choice of a Model–view–presenter framework, it deviates.
Hoot Smalltalk:
A new variant of this venerable language Hoot Smalltalk. Hoot supports optional type annotations. Separate namespaces are supported by it. Hoot runs on the JVM and can share Java's wonderful ecosystem. A much-needed piece of Smalltalk's future is Hoot.
Smalltalk Code Examples:
If Statement:
"Smalltalk if statement" time > 120
ifTrue: [Transcript show: 'Time expired.'; cr. time := 0]
ifFalse: [Transcript show: 'Time remaining: ', (120 – time) printString, ' minutes'; cr]
Calling into C library:
unixModuleName
^ 'ffilibc.so'getBuffermem
^ self ffiCall: #( uint get_buffermem() )getCachedmem
^ self ffiCall: #( uint get_cachedmem() )getCpuCount
^ self ffiCall: #( uint get_cpu_count() )getCpuFreq
^ self ffiCall: #( uint get_cpu_freq() )getCpuTemp
^ self ffiCall: #( float get_cpu_temp() )getCpuUsage
^ self ffiCall: #( double get_cpu_usage() )getFreemem
^ self ffiCall: #( uint get_freemem() )getFreeswap
^ self ffiCall: #( uint get_freeswap() )getFsAvail
^ self ffiCall: #( uint get_fs_avail() )getFsTotalsize
^ self ffiCall: #( uint get_fs_totalsize() )getMachine
^ self ffiCall: #( String get_machine() )getNodename
^ self ffiCall: #( String get_nodename() )getNumprocs
^ self ffiCall: #( uint get_numprocs() )getRelease
^ self ffiCall: #( String get_release() )getSysname
^ self ffiCall: #( String get_sysname() )getTotalmem
^ self ffiCall: #( uint get_totalmem() )getTotalswap
^ self ffiCall: #( uint get_totalswap() )getUptime
^ self ffiCall: #( uint get_uptime() )getVersion
^ self ffiCall: #( String get_version() )
MyStringMorph class: StringMorph subclass: #MyStringMorph instanceVariableNames: 'block' classVariableNames: "
poolDictionaries: " category: 'Cranky'
InfoLine class:
Object subclass: #InfoLine instanceVariableNames: 'label info' classVariableNames: " poolDictionaries: "
category: 'Cranky'
Cranky class:
Object subclass: #Cranky
instanceVariableNames: 'm s1 s2 s3 s4 s5 s6 s7 s8 s9 s10 s11 s12 s13 s14 s15 s16 s17 s18 s19' classVariableNames: "
| f |
f := Form fromFileNamed: 'hot_air_balloon_mysticmorning.jpg'. m := ImageMorph new.
m form: f.
self initSystemfields. self initMemoryfields. self initSdCardfields. self initCpuFields.
(m openInWindowLabeled: 'Cranky') location: [email protected] "place in top-left corner of Pharo window"
To generate the core application window for this, you create an instance of #Form from a balloon image file, then set it as the image in the recently created imagemorph using the form: message.
Pharo is a simple & powerful language having an advanced run-time reflection. It has a pure object-oriented approach and simple language syntax. Pharo has closures with non-local returns and has immediate objects identity swapping. It consists of live customizable object inspection. It involves dynamic inheritance and a virtual machine written mostly in the language itself. Other features involve easy call stack manipulation, fast objects enumeration, customizable meta-classes, and relatively low memory consumption.
The UI of Pharo behaves the same way on all platforms. The compiler is written in Pharo, and you can adjust it as anything else in the system. One can use completely different compilers for some of your classes. Pharo provides users with moldable development tools. All objects in the system can be kept at once in a platform-independent file named image. So one can save the complete state of a program during debugging and restore it to try to find a different execution path or other solution.
Pharo has advanced integrated Git support that goes beyond the standard level of files. One can merge branches on the granularity of particular methods, browse their history, create pull requests directly from the IDE, and so on. It has fast object serialization. Pharo can use fractions, large integers, and scaled decimals, and so on to work with numbers without losing arithmetic precision. It provides a simple connection to native libraries. It can easily create proxy objects – objects that process and/or resend all messages to another object, which is vital to object-oriented languages.
In Pharo, the programmers have absolute freedom to modify the system and use many potentially dangerous features. On the other hand, most programmers will use them with consideration because Pharo provides a powerful standard library and tools describing the right way to use the system.
Python vs. Smalltalk
Python is a cool language to learn, having many applications. That's why it's so common. But guess what? Smalltalk is even easier! Smalltalk is one of the simplest programming languages around the globe. It virtually consists of no syntax. Every task is completed by message passing, including control structures like if statements and loops. Some people may find Smalltalk's message-passing syntax a bit troubling, but some people also find Python's indentation-sensitive syntax just as troubling, if not more so. At least, Smalltalk syntax will never get you into anxiety (in a way that a misaligned piece of Python code might).
Additionally, while Python is easy to learn, it also carries with it a great deal of baggage from time to time of real-world usage. By comparison, Smalltalk has very few usability issues. After more than four decades, Smalltalk has managed to remain as clean and pure as the driven snow! Even while the language has gone through a significant improvement, developers describe Python as a clear and influential OOP language, comparable to Perl, Ruby, Scheme, or Java.
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Python is most admired for its well-designed syntax and readable code. If you are just beginning your programming career, Python will suit you the best.
On the other hand, Smalltalk is completely an object-oriented programming language. It was created as the language supporting the "new world" of computing demonstrated by "human-computer symbiosis." It was designed and created for educational use, specifically for learning.
The major difference between both is Python's more "mainstream" syntax, which provides an upper hand in programmer training. Python has built-in object types from user-defined classes and presently doesn't allow inheritance from built-in types. Smalltalk's standard library of
Collection data types are more developed, while Python's library has more facilities for dealing with the Internet, WWW realities.
What is the easiest coding language to learn?
Smalltalk is a programming language based essentially on the concept of message passing. It was designed as a small, easy-to-learn language compared to the substitute languages of the time. In the early 1970s at Xerox PARC's (Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated) Learning Research Group development of Smalltalk began, led by Alan Kay, which makes it roughly as old as C. Smalltalk is considered as one of the first object-oriented programming languages and one of the most powerful and most modern languages, such as C++ and Java have imitated many of the concepts of Smalltalk. As an object-oriented language, the main focus in its development was the idea of objects. Everything is an object is a usual phrase in Smalltalk. Smalltalk in itself is precisely not just a programming language but a complete operating system; of course, the operating systems in the 1970s were simpler than today. It was also the first candidly Integrated Development Environment (IDE). The latest stable version is always considered when mentioning Smalltalk as a programming language.
Smalltalk relies on three core ideas: the concept of objects, sending messages to objects, and receiving messages from other objects.
The idea of objects is considered Smalltalk's most important aspect. Smalltalk is considered a pure object-oriented language. This means that even the basic earliest types, such as integers and characters, are handled as objects. This even allows for, most importantly, the implementation of these main features.
The official and formal Smalltalk language was only developed until 1980, which is when Smalltalk-80 version 2 was released. However, since the 1980s, there are multiple newer Smalltalk implementations and standards that remain in vital development; for instance, ANSI Smalltalk considered the current Smalltalk standard from 1998, GNU Smalltalk, and Squeak.
Which language is best for beginners?
The language having no diversion from the chief goals, saving difficult matters for later, constructivist learning such as plainness, learning by doing, blend of languages (the support of multiple programming paradigms can be powerful for mature programmers, there is always a chance of confusion for the beginner). Beginners do not know which of the ways possible to achieve something to choose and cannot distinguish issues, normal learning difficulties). The importance of debugging should be considered as learning environments should include a good tool for correcting and that students should be taught debugging skills as early as possible.
Actually, there is no reason why students should not be able to find a piece of software before they are able to write one themselves. Thoroughly grasping how selected examples work is good preparation for the construction of self-made solutions.
The single term Smalltalk refers to a trio of an object-oriented language, an exhaustive class library, and a development environment. Smalltalk was developed with developmental psychology in mind and was actually used by children during its development. Programming through Smalltalk was supposed to be a natural addition to thinking. For instance, the use of keyword parameters instead of a meaningless parameter list in parentheses states this intention. Smalltalk has a comprehensive library, interactive environment, built-in debugging facilities, persistence support, and has an adaptable environment.
In Smalltalk, clarity rules are simple. Attributes are secured, and methods are public. Methods are often distinct as private with comments, but no tool support is there. Clearly, there are languages with a more efficient run-time model than Smalltalk, yet, for an educational context, raw implementation speed is not a consideration and has not averted Java, which relies on explicated byte code as well, to be widely used as a first language.
This article discusses Smalltalk and its features in detail. In short, Smalltalk refers to a trio of an object-oriented language, an exhaustive class library, and a development environment. Smalltalk was developed with developmental psychology in mind and was actually used by children during its development. Programming through Smalltalk was supposed to be natural addition of thinking. For instance, the use of keyword parameters instead of a meaningless parameter list in parentheses states this intention.
Smalltalk has a comprehensive library, interactive environment, built-in debugging facilities, persistence support, and has an adaptable environment. Smalltalk is a programming language based essentially on the concept of message passing. It was designed as a small, easy-to-learn language compared to the substitute languages of the time. In the early 1970s, at Xerox PARC's (Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated) Learning Research Group development of Smalltalk began, led by Alan Kay, which makes it roughly as old as C.
Smalltalk is considered as one of the first object-oriented programming languages, and one of the most powerful and most modern languages, such as C++ and Java, has imitated many of the concepts of Smalltalk. As an object-oriented language, the main focus in its development was the idea of objects. Everything is an object is a usual phrase in Smalltalk. Smalltalk in itself is precisely not just a programming language but a complete operating system; of course, the operating systems in the 1970s were simpler than today. Smalltalk takes everything as objects.
The objects can have different classes, much similar to the modern object languages. It also a full support for subclasses, and in the end, all classes have the same progenitor, the Object class itself. Smalltalk relies on three core ideas: the concept of objects, sending messages to objects, and receiving messages from other objects.


Cebrated for his dizzying linguistic innovations, his experimental narratives, his biting social and political reviews, and his absurdist humorousness, Mac Wellman has turn into certainly one of America's top avant-garde playwrights. In Cellophane, Wellman deals the 11 performs that he considers his most crucial: Albanian Softshoe, Mister unique Bugg, Cleveland, undesirable Penny, Cellophane, 3 Americanisms, Fnu Lnu, lady long gone, Hypatia, The Sandalwood field, and Cat's-Paw.
Be successful on your physics direction via benefiting from what PHYSICS FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS WITH sleek PHYSICS has to provide. From a bunch of in-text good points to a number awesome expertise assets, you should have every thing you want to comprehend the usual forces and rules of physics.
3m, 2f / darkish Comedy / Unit Set In a suburban subdivision with exact homes, mom and dad locate their young children hooked on a web horror game. the sport atmosphere? A subdivision with exact homes. The aim? destroy via a military of zombies to flee the local for solid. yet because the line blurs among digital and truth, either mom and dad and avid gamers notice that worry has a lifetime of its personal.
A German observer, Prince Puckler-Muskau, commented on the boisterousness of theatre-goers in 1826: The Rise of the West End - and Some Independent Theatres 27 English freedom degenerates into the rudest license, and it is not uncommon in the midst of the most affecting part of a tragedy, or the most charming cadenza of a singer, to hear some coarse expression shouted from the galleries in stentor voice. This is followed, according to the taste of the bystanders, either by loud laughter and approbation, or by the castigation and the expulsion of the offender.
Both novels were dramatised all over the country, setting off a vogue for Turpin canes, masks and other 'memorabilia'. The plays invariably concluded with a repentant or dead criminal- but only after the audience had spent the major part of the play delighting in his exploits. However in the 1860s this type of play was banned from the stage by the Lord Chamberlain,13 a ruling which leads on to the question: what part did censorship play in toning down the political content of stage melodrama? From 1737 the theatres had been governed by the Stage Licensing Act, a statute which granted the Lord Chamberlain complete and arbitrary powers.
At the Adelphi in 1858 the apron stage was discarded in 25 26 Other Theatres favour of a picture-frame stage - the apron jutting out into the auditorium encouraged performers to 'play to' the spectators. Henry Irving at the Lyceum in the l870s began the practice of rehearsals, introduced the lit stage and darkened auditorium, and ended the custom of the recall of actors and actresses at the end of bravura passages but in the middle of the play. Programmes, reservations, an 8 o'clock start, evening dress, much higher admission prices of up to a guinea and a halfin the stalls, carpets, and fixed, upholstered and numbered seats were other innovations introduced throughout London's more 'up market' theatres in the last decades of the Victorian period.


text:
Q: iPad: UIModalPresentationFormSheet fails on landscape mode We've the next problem in our iPad version.
I've a NavigationController inside a UITabBar. I want to show a Form with a look&feel similar than the e-Mail form.
I use the same code to show a model centered:
// View to be displayed in the modal
AdhocViewController *controller = [[AdhocViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"AdhocViewController" bundle:[NSBundle mainBundle]];
controller.caller = self;

// The form will need a navigation bar to cancel or save the form
UINavigationController *modalViewNavController = [[UINavigationController alloc]
                                               initWithRootViewController:controller];

// Configurate the modal presentation and transition
modalViewNavController.modalTransitionStyle = UIModalTransitionStyleFlipHorizontal;
modalViewNavController.modalPresentationStyle = UIModalPresentationFormSheet;

// Show the new view
[self presentModalViewController:modalViewNavController animated:YES];

This code works perfectly on portrait mode, but on landscape the view appears partially out of the screen ... and I didn't found yet the way to solve it.
I test some of the solutions I found here ...
And try to add the next lines after preset the model view to resize it, but doesn't work it out
controller.view.superview.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 600, 700);
controller.view.superview.center = self.view.center;

Any suggestion?
Thanks,
Ivan
References in StackOverflow:

*

*iPad modalPresentationStyle UIModalPresentationFormSheet orientation problem

*UIModalPresentationFullScreen not working in iPad landscape mode?

*UIModalPresentationFormSheet on iPad in landscape mode

*How to resize a UIModalPresentationFormSheet?

A: With iOS7 the trick is to set the modalTransitionStyle to UIModalTransitionCrossDissolve.
UIViewController *viewController = [[UIViewController alloc] init];
UINavigationController *navigationController = [[UINavigationController alloc] initWithRootViewController:viewController];

navigationController.modalPresentationStyle = UIModalPresentationFormSheet;
navigationController.modalTransitionStyle = UIModalTransitionStyleCrossDissolve;

[self presentViewController:navigationController animated:YES completion:nil];
navigationController.view.superview.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 800, 544);
navigationController.view.superview.center = self.view.center;

https://coderwall.com/p/vebqaq

A: Finally the code was the next:
// Remove the modalTransitionStyle to enable the default behaviour and change to PageSheet
modalViewNavController.modalPresentationStyle = UIModalPresentationPageSheet;
// Present the modal view and adapt the center depending of the orientation
[self presentModalViewController:modalViewNavController animated:YES];

UIDeviceOrientation _orientation = [controller interfaceOrientation];
if (UIDeviceOrientationIsPortrait(_orientation)){
    modalViewNavController.view.superview.center = CGPointMake(768/2, 1024/2 + 10);
} else {
    modalViewNavController.view.superview.center = CGPointMake(768/2 - 10, 1024/2);
}

The +10 and -10 is because by deafult the NavigationController of the modal was out of the screen on top.
It is ... a crappy solution :SS but works ... Although if anybody have suggestions would be nice to know.
Seams that if I need to include the same center for both orientation, maybe the orientation of the superview is not the expected one.
In this solution, when I dissmiss the modal view on Portrait orientation, at least on the iPad simulator, it rotate to portrait mode automatically ...
The final solution was to execute the presentModalViewController over the main controller, the UITabBar, and update the dismiss method to be executed also over it.
[tabbar presentModalViewController:modalViewNavController animated:YES];

UIDeviceOrientation _orientation = [controller interfaceOrientation];
if (UIDeviceOrientationIsPortrait(_orientation)){
    modalViewNavController.view.superview.center = CGPointMake(768/2, 1024/2 + 10);
} else {
    modalViewNavController.view.superview.center = CGPointMake(1024/2, 768/2 + 10);
}

Finally!!!!
Thank you,
Iván

A: In iOS 7, to solve the problem of the modal view controller to appear to the left after apparition of the keyboard (problem that I have when I present an EKEventEditViewController in UIModalPresentationFormSheet, I do :
[self presentViewController:modalViewController animated:YES completion:^{
    modalViewController.view.superview.center = self.view.center;
}];


Now that December is upon us, and the cold weather is slowly drying out my hair, I figured it was time I shared with you my absolute favorite ever hair product – Olaplex. I first started using Olaplex a few months back, after several family members kept commenting on how dry my hair was looking – isn't family great?
I had heard about it through Instagram and after having tried countless conditioners and masks, I figured it was worth a try. So I bought myself a bottle and started using it once a week – every Friday night. I knew I needed the full effect, according to my family, so I went all in and left the treatment on overnight. I was shocked to discover how instant the results were. I kid you not, I woke up the next morning with such silky and soft hair. So, of course, I have continued this routine every Friday and my hair has never felt better.
If you have dry, processed hair like mine, then you MUST try this! Honestly, I think every woman should have this in her arsenal of beauty supplies, regardless of wether or not you have super dry hair. I am sure you are thinking that it will make your hair greasy, as did I, but it doesn't! It will give you that manageable, silky, frizz-free hair we all dream of – and the best part is, it won't break the bank!
I bought mine on Amazon but it's currently only available in a pack of three – gift idea for someone? Also, I forgot to add, my hair stylist shared with me that Olaplex is the same brand that her salon uses for deep conditioning treatments – so clearly I am not the only one that is obsessed with how well it works!


Birm® is a granular filter media commonly used for the reduction of iron and/or manganese from water supplies.
Birm® is an efficient and economical media for the reduction of dissolved iron and manganese compounds from raw water supplies. It may be used in either gravity fed or pressurized water treatment systems. Birm acts as an insoluble catalyst to enhance the reaction between dissolved oxygen (D.O.) and the 'iron compounds. In ground waters the dissolved iron is usually in the ferrous bicarbonate state due to the excess of free carbon dioxide and is not filterable. Birm, acting as a catalyst between the oxygen and the soluble iron compounds, enhances the oxidation reaction of Fe'- to Fe- and produces ferric hydroxide which precipitates and may be easily filtered. The physical characteristics of Birm provide an excellent filter media which is easily cleaned by backwashing to remove the precipitant. Birm is not consumed in the iron removal operation and therefore offers a tremendous economic advantage over many other iron removal methods.
Other advantages of Birm include; long material life with relatively low attrition loss, a wide temperature performance range and extremely high removal efficiency. Negligible labor costs are involved because Birm does not require chemicals for regeneration, only periodic backwashing is required.
When using Birm for iron removal, it is necessary that the water: contain no oil or hydrogen sulfide, organic matter not to exceed 4-5 ppm, the D.O. content equal at least 15% of the iron content with a pH of 6.8 or more. If the influent water has a pH of less that 6.8, neutralizing additives such as Clack Corosex, Calcite or soda ash may be used prior to the Birm filter to raise the pH. A water having a low D.O. level may be pretreated by aeration. Chlorination greatly reduces Birm's activity. High concentrations of chlorine compounds may deplete the catalytic coating.
Birm is furnished in two grades, regular and fine. Regular is generally recommended for industrial, municipal and most domestic installations. Fine is recommended on domestic installations where backwash rates are limited.
Our Birm may also be used for manganese reduction with the same dependability as iron removal. In these applications the water to be treated should have a pH of 8.0-9.0 for best results. If the water also contains iron, the pH should be below 8.5. High pH conditions may cause the formulation of colloidal iron which is very difficult to filter out. All other conditions remain the same for either manganese or iron removal.
Under the proper conditions, no chemicals to purchase for maintenance. Regeneration not required.
Iron removal efficiency is extremely high.
Negligible labor cost: only periodic backwashing required.
Durable material with a long life and wide temperature range.
Bulk Density: 44-50 lbs./cu. ft.
Bulk Density: 44-50 lbs./ cu. ft.
Alkalinity should be greater than two times the combined sulfate and chloride concentration.
Dissolved Oxygen (D.O.) content must be equal to at least 15% of the iron (or iron and manganese) content.
Regular Birm: 10-12 gpm/sq. ft.
Fine Birm: 8-10 gpm/sq. ft.
Service Flow Pressure Drop and Backwash Bed Expansion charts to be added later. Check back for updates.
* Weight per cubic foot is approximate.
Tested and listed under ANSI/NSF Standard 61 for Health Effects.
Drinking Water Treatment System Components Classified by Underwriters Laboratories Inc.® in Accordance with Standard ANSI/NSF 61-(1991)-57Y3.


Daniel L. Chen, 2010. "Club Goods and Group Identity: Evidence from Islamic Resurgence during the Indonesian Financial Crisis," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 118(2), pages 300-354, April.
Ghosh, Suman & Karaivanov, Alexander, 2007. "Can a raise in your wage make you worse off? A public goods perspective," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 84(1), pages 551-571, September.
Suman Ghosh & Alexander Karaivanov, 2005. "Can a raise in your wage make you worse off? A public goods perspective," Working Papers 05004, Department of Economics, College of Business, Florida Atlantic University, revised Mar 2006.
All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:wrk:warwec:1114. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.


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Home / argentina / Victoria Beckham views Sussex Duchess, his most famous client
Victoria Beckham views Sussex Duchess, his most famous client
argentina January 30, 2019 argentina
today Victoria Beckham She laughed when she created her brand whenever she recalls a short career in the fashion world.
Even though the British media may occasionally mitigate the company's allegedly loss of millions of dollars, the designers are still delighted and recently stood out to be very important: a very suitable dress Duessess of Sussex.
Link in previous months Harry and Meghan The rumor was the oldest Spice Girl It may be one of those who want to wear the bride, if not at a religious ceremony later on as a private party, but, finally, the honor fell. Clare Waight Keller – Artistic director Givenchy– And the British Stella McCartney.
Check it out: Gigi Hadide posted a photo of her on Instagram
However, Victoria was finally able to get rid of this thorn and, as a whole, all the members of the royal family's Christmas Mass took part every year, paying close attention to the two duchess suits: Kate and Meghan.
The mother of the future, accepting a note, the choice of public appearance, and the former Victoria actress received the support of the media, which gets any outfit that wears out, although the most important part has been. The path of the new royal model represents the wife's wife Prince Harry.
Look: Meghan Markle, Letizia Ortiz or Kate Middleton, who is the expense of royalty?
"It was lovely, it was a wonderful surprise in the morning of Christmas, I think it is a wonderful, beautiful and powerful woman, and it was a great honor for me," said the program.Live With Kelly and Ryan& # 39;
}); }); // Lazy Load Facebook SDK function loadFacebookAPI(callback) { var js = document.createElement('script'); js.src = "http://connect.facebook.net/es_LA/sdk.js#xfbml=1&version=v2.7"; document.body.appendChild(js); js.onload = callback(); }


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Home > Research > Publications & Outputs > Preschoolers in Belarus and Turkey accept an ad...
Testing Counterintuitive Claims
Rights statement: The final, definitive version of this article has been published in the Journal, International Journal of Behavioral Development, 44 (5), 2020, © SAGE Publications Ltd, 2020 by SAGE Publications Ltd at the International Journal of Behavioral Developmen page: https://journals.sagepub.com/home/JBD on SAGE Journals Online: http://journals.sagepub.com/
Accepted author manuscript, 4.67 MB, PDF document
Cognitive development, learning, reasoning, counterintuitive, testimony
Preschoolers in Belarus and Turkey accept an adult's counter-intuitive claim and do not spontaneously seek evidence to test that claim
Samuel Ronfard
Burcu Unlutabak
Marina Bazhydai
Ageliki Nicolopoulou
International Journal of Behavioral Development
When presented with a claim that contradicts their intuitions, do children seize opportunities to empirically verify such claims or do they simply acquiesce to what they have been told? To answer this question, we conducted a replication of Ronfard, Chen, and Harris (2018, conducted in the People's Republic of China) in two countries with distinct religious and political histories (Study 1: Belarus, N = 74; Study 2: Turkey, N = 79). Preschool children were presented with five, different-sized Russian dolls and asked to indicate the heaviest doll. All children selected the biggest doll. Half of the children then heard a (false) claim (i.e., that the smallest doll was the heaviest), contradicting their initial intuition. The remaining children heard a (true) claim (i.e., that the biggest doll was the heaviest), confirming their initial intuition. Belarusian and Turkish preschoolers typically endorsed the experimenter's claim no matter whether it had contradicted or confirmed their initial intuition. Next, the experimenter left the room, giving children an opportunity to check the experimenter's claim by picking up the relevant dolls. Belarusian and Turkish preschoolers rarely explored the dolls, regardless of the type of testimony they received and continued to endorse the counter-intuitive testimony they received. Furthermore, in Study 2, Turkish preschoolers continued to endorse smallest = heaviest even when doing so could have cost them a large reward. In sum, across two different cultural contexts, preschool children endorsed a counter-intuitive claim and did not spontaneously seek evidence to test it. These results confirm and extend those of Ronfard et al. (2018).
The final, definitive version of this article has been published in the Journal, International Journal of Behavioral Development, 44 (5), 2020, © SAGE Publications Ltd, 2020 by SAGE Publications Ltd at the International Journal of Behavioral Developmen page: https://journals.sagepub.com/home/JBD on SAGE Journals Online: http://journals.sagepub.com/


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Exercise time! Pick a song and write a lead (or "Santa sought in hit-and-run homicide.")
In many cases, songs are essentially stories, just told in a different way. If you want a lead-writing exercise that emphasizes critical thought and a bit of fun, have your students write a basic lead to capture the 5W's and 1H of a popular song. If you want to make it a bit more challenging, add the rule that they can't use the title of the song in the lead.
Consider this holiday favorite for a simple news lead:
SUMMARY LEAD:
Citing a recent break-up, a Memphis man said Thursday he will be depressed this Christmas, even as he wishes his former girlfriend well.
If you want to have a little more fun or dig a little deeper, this song has been on constantly around here:
Interesting-Action lead:
A North Pole man is accused of homicide after one of his reindeer trampled an area grandmother to death Sunday night.
Name-Recognition lead:
Santa is wanted in a hit-and-run accident that left one woman dead Sunday night as she left a family gathering.
Day-Two lead:
Members of an area family are in mourning Monday after their "grandma" was killed in a hit-and-run accident overnight.
Looking for a "concert review" lead? Try this one:
Review lead:
An area percussionist upstaged several other acts in an impromptu gathering Monday in Nazareth that marked the birth of Christ.
OK, enough with Christmas…
Summary/Event lead:
Many celebrities celebrate "the festival of lights" rather than Christmas during this holiday season, a Brooklyn man said Thursday.
If you want to get away from the holidays all together, you can always pick a song from the recent inductees at the Rock 'n' Roll Hall of Fame:
Interesting-Action lead (two sentence edition):
In spite of financial struggles and personal problems, a New Jersey couple said Thursday love has kept them together.
Tommy, an unemployed dock worker, and Gina, an area waitress, said they will continue to fight for a better life because "you live for the fight when that's all that you got."
No, I don't know "any bands from this millennium," and half the songs my students suggested had a little too much cussing in them to make the folks at SAGE comfortable, so here's something more recent, less caustic and still really poppy.
Broadcast lead:
Don't wait to have fun in life.
That's the message a London-based boy band had for its listeners Thursday morning.
Pick some songs and have some fun!
December 14, 2017 vffilak


The Windwing Cruise Control CC bar is a work in progress and ever changing. It is a complicated double-pulley sheeting system for extended range and silky-smooth resistance. The bar stays in place for one-handed and no-handed flying, and reduces rider fatigue. The CC bar features a tapered composite bar with raised EVA grip, spinning leash with Delrin collar, handle pass leash attachment, optional grab handle safety release and more. This is the sweetest and smoothest bar out there.
The B-Safe bar is the most efficient, cost effective, sensible and safest way to get going on a Windwingkite. Available in 3 sizes: 45cm, 50cm, and 56cm, the bar is a tapered composite bar with raised EVA grip and comes with the latest Windwing B-SafeQuick Release Saftey System. This newly designedB-Safe System is fool-proof, intuitive and solid. All parts are interchangable to cover a wide range of riding styles and they are easily replaceble for optimum maintainance and safety. Fitted with theWindwing exclusive Stopper Bell, the B-Safesystem is truly universal in design and easily adaptable to any other existing bar and kite in the market.


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5 October 2017 at 1:10pm
University Hospitals Bristol accepts failings in care of Ben Condon
Ben died in April 2015 having suffered a second cardiac arrest. Photo: Family
The CEO of Bristol's NHS Trust has written to the parents of Ben Condon to accept failure to give timely antibiotics contributed to his death.
Ben Condon from Weston-super-Mare died at Bristol Children's Hospital in 2015.
Robert Woolley, Chief Executive of University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust has apologised.
"I would like to publicly apologise to Mr and Mrs Condon. We failed to take the opportunity to give Ben timely antibiotics and this contributed to his death.
"I am also deeply sorry for the additional distress and hurt caused by the wait Mr and Mrs Condon have endured before receiving this explanation."
Doctors failed to give Ben antibiotics which may have saved his life. Credit: Family
17 February 2015 Ben Condon was born at 29 weeks at Southmead Hospital in Bristol
He spent seven weeks in the paediatric intensive care unit
7 April 2015 Ben came home with his parents - Olympic sprinter Allyn Condon and his wife Jenny
Two days later Ben started coughing and sneezing and was taken to Weston General Hospital
10 April 2015 Ben was transferred to Bristol Royal Hospital for Children after becoming lifeless and struggling to breathe
3pm 17 April 2015 Ben was prescribed antibiotics
8pm 17 April 2015 Antibiotics were administered - by then Ben had suffered a cardiac arrest
9.07pm 17 April 2015 Ben died having suffered a second cardiac arrest after developing acute respiratory distress syndrome
Ben was transferred to Bristol Royal Hospital for Children on 10 April 2015. Credit: ITV West Country
Earlier this year, Mr Condon brought a claim for clinical negligence against the Trust on his son's behalf, based on the failure to give Ben antibiotics on 16 April 2015.
The Trust says it "has extensively reviewed again the circumstances of Ben's death" and has obtained additional expert evidence and advice.
"Following this thorough reappraisal of the circumstances of Ben's death, the Trust believes that it missed an opportunity to provide Ben with timely antibiotics and that this failure contributed to his death."
Allyn Condon brought a claim for clinical negligence against the Trust. Credit: ITV West Country
The Trust says the delay in clarifying its position is because medical experts "have a range of different views on whether and when antibiotics should have been given to Ben".
The issue of whether and when to administer antibiotics continues to be part of a wider medical debate and ultimately this comes down to individual clinical judgement.
There will be those clinicians who decide to administer antibiotics and those in a similar situation who will not. This has added to the challenge of determining what should have happened in Ben's treatment and care, compared to what did happen.
– University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust
The Trust says medical experts Credit: Family
The Trust says it has made changes to the way it operates but recognises mistakes have been made.
Ben's sad death continues to have a devastating impact on his family and we are truly sorry about this. We accept that we missed the opportunity to give Ben timely antibiotics and that contributed to his death.
We also know that the way we responded to Ben's parents at times added to their distress and we are very sorry for that.
We hope that they can take some comfort that we have learnt lessons from this and that we have already made changes and improvements in light of their and Ben's experience in our care.
– Dr Bryony Strachan, Clinical Chair for the Division of Women and Children's Services
Last updated Thu 5 Oct 2017
University Hospitals Bristol


Congrats on the marathon and on getting through Week 1 of the Whole30! I just finished Week 3 and, while the cravings etc have subsided a lot, I am now really questioning the benefits, as I tanked at a 5k this week and my allergies are flaring like crazy. I will admit that I've reaped some big digestive benefits - way less bloating, gas, inflammation etc. Hope you get the results you are looking for!
Working on a race report now!!!


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Sky Terminal
Band in Ottawa, ON, Canada
Home » Bands, Musicians & Artists » Sky Terminal
Canadian group Sky Terminal delivers catchy melodic lyrics served over dynamic musical soundscapes. The music pulls from a rich well of rock influences and has fused them with modern pop sensibilities. The band has consistently delivered infectious top charting radio singles and energetic live performances across multiple continents. They've has also taken a notable stance in writing meaningful and positively driven lyrical content. Furthering this ideal, pioneering "Glow Festival" a touring event bringing other likeminded artists together for the greater good that people have to contribute to the world, including championing organizations that help drive the poverty line up across the world.
Sky Terminal made their debut as a band in 2011 with the release of self produced album "Don't Close Your Eyes". Founding member and Lead singer Marcel Preston had been writing and recording a collection of songs over the years and had gathered a few friends to take part in the project. The album launched with critical acclaim, receiving a Juno Nomination. The band continued to build momentum with multiple cross Canadian tours. Writing and recording began on the sophomore Album "We Are One", released in 2014. Awarded with GMA Rock Album of The year, the band began to expand with touring routes to USA and Europe. As music developed, the sonic landscape of the music began to evolve from solid rock to blending modern pop elements. The band's newest member, Scott Mason, joined as the official lead guitarist in March 2015. The band took a touring hiatus mid 2017 to mid 2018 when singer's wife became ill. The band took the season to reimagine their sound and when heath issues improved on the home front, the band has re-emerged with stronger resolve than ever to share the music with the world. As Sky Terminal is currently working on recording their third album, Preston recounts "making sure that our sound is progressing forward is very important to us. This takes countless hours of re-inventing and exploring new sounds. But when we come across a sound that really resonates with us then we find ourselves with something we really enjoy sharing and performing.
"Don't Close Your Eyes" full length album 2011 (Juno Nominated)
"We Are One" full Length album 2014 (GMA Award Winning)
"Glow" - currently in studio
Marcel Preston – Vocals and Guitar
Scott Mason – Lead Guitar
Drums (hired per event)
Bass (hired per event)


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"He begged Sajal to marry him then he divorced her."
Ramsha Khan and Ahad Raza Mir recently shared the screen in the drama serial Hum Tum.
People adored their chemistry and their relationship in the drama.
In a recent interview, the actress praised her co-star Ahad Raza Mir, saying: "He's a wonderful human being. He's a gentleman and he's really funny.
"He's got a great sense of humour and he's a fantastic actor."
However, Ramsha's compliments did not sit well with netizens who rushed to social media to share their thoughts.
One user wrote: "Ramsha, you need to stay away from him. He will damage your heart."
A second added: "He looks like this in the beginning. Only his wife knows his true intentions."
Others added Ahad Raza Mir's wife Sajal Aly into the discussion. Ahad and Sajal have reportedly separated after two years of marriage.
Another commented: "Oh please, what kind of gentleman is this? Left Sajal due to nonsense reasons. She is far prettier than you Ramsha. If he can't be hers, he can't be yours."
A third concluded: "Ahad is mental. He begged Sajal to marry him then he divorced her. Sajal is a very nice person, she will find someone good."
Are Ahad Raza Mir & Ramsha Khan the New Couple?
Mahira Khan & Ahad Raza Mir to Promote Football in Pakistan
Sajal Aly and Ahad Raza Mir to Split Up?
All relationships have their ups and downs but Sajal Aly and Ahad Raza Mir's relationship timeline is especially fascinating.
To the delight of fans, Sajal and Ahad's onscreen romance in Yakeen Ka Safar blossomed into a relationship behind cameras.
Since then, the duo, who are lovingly referred to as 'Sahad' by fans, has been seen as one of Pakistan's favourite power couples.
After the drama, they became inseparable. Their chemistry sizzled and set screens alight.
One drama and advertisement after another, Sajal and Ahad dominated the Pakistani entertainment space.
Whilst they both refrained from excessively sharing their relationship on social media, their fans couldn't get enough of the two.
So, when Sajal removed her husband's surname from her Instagram bio and Ahad failed to make an appearance at family functions, the news instantly sent shockwaves through Lollywood.
Despite Sajal and Ahad's efforts to dispel separation rumours, netizens were not entirely convinced about their status.
Adding fuel to the fire, neither Sajal nor Ahad acknowledged their second wedding anniversary on social media.
Sajal also removed Ahad Mir from her name on Instagram, fuelling separation rumours.
Fans were quick to react on Instagram, expressing their devastation, along with strong support for Sajal.
There was a range of other comments reflecting on the possible "toxic marriage" of the two.
Watch Ramsha Khan's interview with Maliha Rehman
Ravinder Kaur
Ravinder is a Journalism BA graduate. She has a strong passion for all things fashion, beauty, and lifestyle. She also likes to watch films, read books and travel.
Ranveer Singh reveals he has 'Sex Playlists' on Koffee with Karan
Kapil Sharma accused of Breaching North America Tour Contract
Sajal Aly & Ahad Raza Mir: Timeline of a Power Couple
Sajal Aly's Brother throws shade at Ahad Raza Mir
TV stars Sajal Ali & Ahad Raza Mir get Married in Abu Dhabi
"The film is about a fun, quirky and no-holds barred friendship that turns crazy when competition seeps in."
Ekta Kapoor's Kuku Mathur Ki Jhand Ho Gayi
Who is the better Bollywood actor?
Hrithek Roshan
Abhishek Bachchan


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Q: OSX 12.3 - Test runner never began executing tests after launching I'm executing some test on a xcode node with Fastlane and Scan and I randomly get this message:
Testing failed:
Project_UnitTests:
    The test runner encountered an error (Test runner never began executing tests after launching. If you believe this error represents a bug, please attach the result bundle at DerivedData/Logs/Test/Run-Project_System-2021.04.08_02-00-23-+0200.xcresult)
** TEST FAILED **
ERROR [2021-04-08 03:01:14.15]: Exit status: 65

I've looked around to find the meaning of the error "Test runner never began executing tests after launching" but I could not find anything.
Could it be related to the fact that on the same machine may be excetuted multiple builds?
Thank you.
[SOLUTION] - I ended up understanding that we were using the same simulator for 2 build contemporarily and that caused the problem.
We created a mechanism that generate a new device each build from Jenkins.
Thank you all!


text:
Ethiopian Airlines flight pilot reported difficulties – CEO
Ethiopian Airlines: 157 dead in crash
An Ethiopian Airlines jet Boeing 737 has crashed shortly after take-off from Addis Ababa, killing all on board. The airline said 149 passengers and eight crew members were on flight ET302 from Ethiopia's capital. The ...
East & Central, Sports
Ethiopian teenager Samuel Tefera smashes 1,500m world indoor record
Ethiopian teenager Samuel Tefera outduelled compatriot Yomif Kejelcha to break the world indoor 1,500 metres record in Birmingham on Saturday. Tefera, 19, clocked three minutes, 31.04 seconds at the IAAF World Indoor Tour meeting to take down ...
Business, East & Central, Local news
Ethiopia gov't set for legal teff 'war' with Dutch company
Samcilla Baakojr February 4, 2019
Ethiopia government is set for a legal battle in respect of patent rights for teff – an African grass economically important as a cereal grass. Teff, famed for yielding white flour of good quality is ...
East & Central, Local news
Eritrea considers new port for potash trade after Ethiopia peace deal
Eritrea is considering a new port on its coast line with the aim of helping export potash from mines being developed in the country and from neighboring Ethiopia, the Bloomberg news portal reports. The port is to ...
Ethiopia gov't agrees peace deal with ex-terror group in Eritrea
The Ethiopian government has agreed a reconciliation agreement with the Oromo Liberation Front (OLF), an ex-terror group that operated in the Oromia region of the country. The federal government delegation comprised Foreign Affairs chief Workneh ...
Ethiopia working to restore relations between Eritrea and Djibouti
Business, East & Central, Markets & Economy
Ethiopian Airlines to buy 20 per cent stake in Eritrean Air
The Ethiopian Airlines is set to acquire a significant stake in the Eritrean flag carrier, a government official has said. "Ethiopian Airlines to purchase 20 per cent of Eritrean Air," tweeted Ethiopia's Communication Minister Ahmed ...
East & Central, Local news, Politics
Ethiopia and Eritrea leaders preach peace, love, unity at concert
Ethiopia's Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed and Eritrean President Isaias Afwerki preached love and unity on Sunday at a concert attended by thousands of flag-waving guests, part of a rapprochement between the two nations after years ...
Eritrean leader gets rousing welcome as he returns to Ethiopia
Eritrean president Isaias Afwerki has arrived in Ethiopia on Saturday morning for a three-day official visit. Afwerki was met at the Bole International Airport in Addis Ababa by his counterpart Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed and ...


A concentration of fine particulates in the air has lead to an air quality advisory for Williams Lake. Tara Sprickerhoff photo.
Nov. 11, 2017 9:00 a.m.
An air quality advisory is in place for Williams Lake.
Interior Health and the Ministry of Environment are warning locals of high concentrations of fine particulate matter in the air, expected to persist until weather conditions change.
People with chronic underlying medical conditions should "postpone strenuous exercise" until the advisory is lifted, according to a release sent out by the ministry.
The release recommends that staying inside helps to reduce exposure to the fine particulates.
It notes that poor dispersion due to calm winds is the reason behind the concentration of the particulates and recommends that avoid idling cars, backyard burning and open debris burning, and, if a wood stove or fireplace is the sole source of residential heating, to burn well seasoned wood.


Water in the UK varies between hard or soft water.
Hard water is produced when rain water passes through rocks either above or below the soil which are high in calcium or magnesium compounds.
The waters runs along the rocks resulting with compounds from the rocks dissolving in the water and resulting in hard water.
Soft hard in comparison is when the rocks are low in calcium or magnesium compound so the dissolved compounds on this occasion are not as strong.
In the UK hard water areas are mainly to the East, whilst Scotland, Northern Ireland, West Wales, Devon and Cornwall are predominantly soft water areas.
How Does This Effect a Hot Tub User?
Hot tub users in hard water areas already must see scale build up in kettles plus the lack of lather in soap.
The scale what you see inside the kettle will also form inside the hot tub and without regular monitoring, the scale can build up inside the interior pipes and corrode hot tub parts such as pumps and heaters.
To help soften the water and keep the scale away, no scale products must be used regularly to help prevent the build-up of scale and keep the hot tub clean and scale free.
We sell No Scale within our change of chemicals & this works well to reduce scale which can be monitored with use of the 4 way testing strips.


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By Zen Terrelonge - Published December 17, 2014
5 British business collapses during 2014
As 2015 approaches, Real Business is looking in depth at different business problems and successes from over 2014, both at home and abroad. As part of the continuing review, we're now looking at the devastating consequences that can happen to companies when poor financials and trading conditions set in with UK business collapses from across the year.
Retail schemes like the government-backed Small Business Saturday are designed to keep the high street alive, with spend on the 6 December at £543m.
But what happens without huge commercial pushes to encourage consumer spending
Online is an obvious headache for businesses, with cheaper prices often found on the internet, while the trend of showrooming – the process that sees consumers use their smartphones for price comparisons when in stores – is yet another issue to deal with.
Sometimes though, it's a case of plain old bad luck that can kill a promising business, and starting off our review of 2014 business collapses is a technology startup whose investor got cold feet.
Bloom.fm
Bloom.fm was a British mobile-only streaming service that wanted to take on the big boys, like Spotify and Deezer, with a platform that provided users more variety when it came to payment models. With 22m songs to choose from, users could select from bundles priced at £1, £5 or £10 a month, and CEO and founder Oleg Fomenko's vision was to put an end to piracy by supporting people who relied on illegal downloads or YouTube as a result of not being able to afford other services.
It soft launched in January 2013 before ramping up promotional activity later in the year to then hit the one million user milestone in March 2014, but investment was suddenly ended in April. A blog from the company, said: "It's come so out of the blue that we don't have time to find new investment. So, with enormous regret, we have to shut up shop. This is a poetically crappy turn of events as our young business was showing real promise. Our apps and web player are looking super-nice and we had 1,158,914 registered users in a little over a year. Yep."
The London startup, which employed around 30 members of staff, fell into administration and launched a campaign to find a buyer by 9 May though unfortunately a knight in shining armour failed to come riding in.
Speaking of the deal that fell through, Fomenko, said: "We have worked furiously on finalising it but unfortunately, due to very tight timelines and complexities associated with the administration process, the deal fell through at the last minute. I would like to offer massive thanks to my team who have supported us through such a difficult time, our users who gave us a reason to get up in the morning and all our business partners for the rare opportunity to launch something truly innovative."
Phones 4u
On 15 September, high street phone retailer Phones 4u, which possessed 700 stores and 5,600 employees, fell into administration despite an annual turnover of £1bn. PwC handled the proceedings, temporarily closing stores while looking to bring in a buyer.
The third party phone seller lost its contract with O2 earlier in the year, which was followed by Vodafone and then EE declining to continue their partnerships with the company. As a result, 630 redundancies at the company's head office followed just days after in an attempt to restructure the business – with 400 people retained to support PwC.
The UK's 4G leader EE stepped in during the administration to acquire 58 stores for £2.5m, thus saving 359 jobs, while 800 staff were transferred to Dixons Carphone. Meanwhile, Vodafone resurfaced to buy up a further 140 sites for an undisclosed fee to save 890 jobs "as a way to accelerate our retail expansion programme," according to a statement from the network.
Things turned very sour very quickly, and Stefano Quadrio Curzio from private equity owner of Phones 4U, BC Partners, said: "Vodafone has acted in exactly the opposite way to what they had consistently indicated to the management of Phones 4U over more than six months. Their behaviour appears to have been designed to inflict the maximum damage to their partner of 15 years, giving Phones 4U no time to develop commercial alternatives.
"EE's decision on Friday is surprising in the context of a contract that has more than a year to run and leaves the board with no alternative but to seek the administrator's protection in the interests of all its stakeholders."
Meanwhile, the founder of Phones 4U John Cauldwell, who sold the business for £1.6bn eight years ago, took to Twitter to voice his outrage, posting: "I am sickened and saddened for nearly 6,000 wonderful employees who made @Phones4u into a great business. #ruthlessEE #ruthlessvodafone."
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The artwork and imaginings of contemporary Scottish artist Lucy Campbell.
Well, I see that I had an unpublished/unfinished blog post from back in 2016... and before that there was a post from 2015... clearly not really rocking it on the blogging front. I admit that the visual immediacy of Instagram is much more my thing.
However I have some exciting news and as I have actually got around to publishing my new collection in the 'latest / unsold work' section, I feel it is definitely time to do a written post!
When I set out to get together a body of new work for this show last year, I didn't have a clear idea of what would unite the work, I simply felt 'ready' to put myself out there again in a way I hadn't for a number of years, largely because I had been undergoing a very long and painful orthodontic procedure, including major surgery with a long recovery period. My working process had to change to allow me to take better care of my health, and the date of the surgery itself was a chimeric thing which proved impossible to pin down and therefore impossible to plan around. Only with the benefit of hindsight can I see how much it impacted on how I worked. It is wonderful - thrilling, invigorating, self-indulgent even - to work towards a big solo show, although it is also utterly terrifying, stressful, financially ruinous and a threat to close relationships and mental health. Of course I had to concentrate on a more gentle, 'safe' practice whilst undergoing something that was so challenging to my health.
So last year I was finally feeling through the other side of it, stronger and braver and able to throw myself into the creative challenge again. Only I had all those other things going on, the things I need to do to keep the wheels of family life oiled and food on the table, and the weeks and months sped by and the two or three paintings I had begun for my new collection were somewhat weak and lacking authenticity. I began to despair and doubt, seriously, whether I had it in me. And I realised also that the style of painting I had been developing, whilst accomplished in its own way, was limiting me - and more importantly, it was incredibly time consuming and there was not a snowflake's hope in hell of getting enough work together to create a credible solo show if I kept on down that track. I was also feeling out of touch with my work, like I was heading down the wrong track, one of those tracks that either tapers out in the middle of a bog somewhere or splinters off into myriad different possibilities. I didn't have time for that. Or for doubt. The joy/terror of the deadline was upon me. It was a make or break moment as it always is with deadlines. My only option was to follow my joy and go wherever it would take me and FAST. Painting quickly and loosely, being liberal and bold with colour, daring myself to work intuitively rather than trying to have it all worked out beforehand, was where my joy was taking me.
Of course much of my life nowadays revolves around family, and I decided to turn my attention to the young generation of my own family for inspiration; this is how this work began. One day I read a quote on somebody's Instagram post which was something along the lines of "you are the sky, everything else is just weather" and that too began to feed into the mix. I felt the need to spread my wings creatively and also as I painted my children and my sisters' children, trawling through photos of them over the years, seeking little kernels of inspiration, I was aware of how fast the time goes, how soon it will be that their time of innocence, their sojourn in the 'forest of first encounters', will begin to taper into adulthood, and they too will be spreading their wings. I wanted to capture that sense of the magic of their souls before "wonder no longer animates"; and the sense of pilgrimage/migration from one season of life to another.
For more info on Lucy's upcoming solo show, an invite to the Private View or to have a catalogue sent to you, please contact the gallery directly.