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Lewis the Reader: A (Proposed) Anthology
A few years ago, I was asked to edit an anthology of C. S. Lewis's writing on reading. I prepared as a kind of sketchy outline the following, but the custodians of Lewis's estate, in their great wisdom, decided that I could not be trusted with the task. I reproduce my outline here as a testament to a project I would have enjoyed working on.
In late 1930, when C. S. Lewis had recently purchased The Kilns, the house he would occupy for the rest of his life, he found himself engaged in certain unfamiliar activities: working long hours in the garden, striving to keep a pond free from debris, planting some trees and chopping down others. In a letter to his old friend Arthur Greeves he said that he found his new life rather comically odd. "It is absurd how remote all simple human activities have been from me all my life: so much so that when I heave up my axe I still always see myself as an illustration in Robinson Crusoe."
It is the comment of a bookish man who had been a bookish child. Francis Spufford's wonderful memoir of his early life as a reader is called The Child That Books Built, but there has rarely been a child, or later an adult, more completely book-built than C. S. Lewis. In the work that would make his name as one of the finest medievalists of his generation, The Allegory of Love (1936), he pauses at the end of a learned exposition of the poems of Ariosto and Tasso to make a confession: Samuel Johnson, he says, "once described the ideal happiness he would choose, if he were regardless of futurity" — that is, if he did not need to consider any future consequences of his choice. "My own choice, with the same reservation, would be to read the Italian epic – to be always convalescent from some small illness and always seated in a window that overlooked the sea, there to read these poems eight hours of each happy day." The statement is a confession, yes, but also a planting of Lewis's personal flag: he is telling his fellow scholars that before he was a scholar he was a reader, and before those epics of the Italian Renaissance gave him fodder for scholarly investigation they had given — and would surely continue to give — him delight.
{Perhaps it need not be said, but literary scholarship and delight in reading do not invariably go together. In one of his books Lewis tells an apt anecdote about the days when he would evaluate essays by candidates for places at Oxford: "I well remember the snub I once got from a man to whom, as we came away from an examiners' meeting, I tactlessly mentioned a great poet on whom several candidates had written answers. His attitude (I've forgotten the words) might be expressed in the form 'Good God, man, do you want to go on after hours? Didn't you hear the hooter blow?'"}
But this man who could take delight in old books, old poems, that few others could read except as a matter of scholarly duty and under duress, was also a lifelong lover of children's books. "When I was ten, I read fairy tales in secret and would have been ashamed if I had been found doing so. Now that I am fifty I read them openly. When I became a man I put away childish things, including the fear of childishness and the desire to be very grown up." And in the last scholarly book he published in his lifetime, An Experiment in Criticism (1961), he celebrated and defended once more the child's way of reading.
As there are, or were, families and circles in which it was almost a social necessity to display an interest in hunting, or county cricket, or the Army List, so there are others where it requires great independence not to talk about, and therefore occasionally to read, the approved literature, especially the new and astonishing works, and those which have been banned or have become in some other way subjects of controversy. Readers of this sort … are entirely dominated by fashion…. Yet, while this goes on downstairs, the only real literary experience in such a family may be occurring in a back bedroom where a small boy is reading Treasure Island under the bed-clothes by the light of an electric torch.
Few indeed are the scholars — fewer still the great scholars, and Lewis was indisputably a great scholar — who could write so passionately in defense of the way he read when he was a small child, or who could enjoy The Wind in the Willows as much at age sixty as he had at age ten. This distinctive ability to read in so many ways, and for so many reasons, is what makes Lewis such a wonderful guide to the world of reading. In the pages that follow we will see something of the variety of his comments on reading: in letters to friends and family members, in book reviews, in popular writing, in scholarly lectures and monographs, he develops a rich and full account of the ways in which reading can enrich any human life.
This account is perhaps all the more enjoyable for being completely unsystematic: it arises from friendly discourse and from encounters with particular books. I have tried to impose a bit of order by segregating the comments topically, and by providing brief introductions to some passages and a few informative notes, but I trust that all this will do nothing to disguise the spontaneity and liveliness of Lewis's commentary. In one of the passages cited below Lewis commends, for certain readerly moods, "a gossipy, formless book which can be opened anywhere." I hope this will be, for many of you, that kind of book. But structure there also is, should you wish it.
1. Children's Books (not just for children)
2. Delight
3. Comfort
Lewis's oldest friend, Arthur Greeves, was not a learned man, but in a certain kind of reading he was Lewis's teacher — a fact often acknowledged, in letters and also in the pages of Surprised by Joy:
In literature he influenced me more, or more permanently, than I did him. His great defect was that he cared very little for verse. Something 1 did to mend this, but less than I wished. He, on the other hand, side by side with his love for myth and marvel, which I fully shared, had another taste which I lacked till I met him and with which, to my great good, he infected me for life. This was the taste for what he called "the good, solid, old books," the classic English novelists. It is astonishing how I had avoided them before I met Arthur. I had been persuaded by my father to read The Newcomes when I was rather too young for it and never tried Thackeray again till I was at Oxford…. Of [Sir Walter] Scott I knew only a few of the medieval, that is, the weakest, novels. Under Arthur's influence I read at this time all the best Waverleys, all the Brontes, and all the Jane Austens. They provided an admirable complement to my more fantastic reading, and each was the more enjoyed for its contrast to the other. The very qualities which had previously deterred me from such books Arthur taught me to see as their charm. What I would have called their "stodginess" or "ordinariness" he called "Homeliness" — a key word in his imagination. He did not mean merely Domesticity, though that came into it. He meant the rooted quality which attaches them to all our simple experiences, to weather, food, the family, the neighborhood. He could get endless enjoyment out of the opening sentence of Jane Eyre, or that other opening sentence in one of Hans Andersen's stories, "How it did rain, to be sure." The mere word "beck" in the Brontes was a feast to him; and so were the schoolroom and kitchen scenes. This love of the "Homely" was not confined to literature; he looked for it in out-of-door scenes as well and taught me to do the same.
Decades before writing Surprised by Joy Lewis had recorded this very experience in a letter to Arthur that moves easily from the comfort-food of the Victorian novelists to the world of "myth and marvel" that he and Arthur loved equally:
How many books seem to promise such a lot at the start and then turn out disappointing. Whereas good, stodgy books like Scott have all their interesting parts in the middle and begin with reams of dry-as-dust. Talking about stodge, I finished 'The Newcomes' before leaving home, and certainly enjoyed the end better than any parts except the scenes at Baden. Of course it is a great novel, but I am very thankful to have got it off my chest. I should advise you to get the 2/6 volume containing Milton's minor poems, which I am now reading: I am sure they are better to begin on than [Paradise Lost.] I am now at 'Comus', which is an absolute dream of delight. I am sure you would love it: it is like a play written on an episode from the Faerie Queene, all magic and distressed ladies and haunted woods. It is lovely in books the way you can just turn from one sort of beauty to another and never get tired.
All his life Lewis seems to have loved books that made him think thoughts that he never could have come up with on his own. One of the chief and most serious powers of books, for him, was this ability to open new horizons. And those horizons could be imaginative, moral, religious — he rejoiced in the exposure to unexpected thoughts about almost anything. As an adolescent he had read the science-fiction novels of H. G. Wells with great pleasure, but ignored Wells's more strictly "literary" fiction — until the experience he described to Arthur Greeves in February of 1920:
You will be surprised when you hear how I employed the return journey – by reading an H. G. Wells novel called 'Marriage', and perhaps more surprised when I say that I thoroughly enjoyed it; one thing you can say for the man is that he really is interested in all the big, outside questions – and the characters are intensely real, especially a Mr Pope who reminds me of Excellenz. It opens new landscapes to me – how one felt that on finding that a new kind of book was waiting for one, in the old days – and I have decided to read some more of his serious books. It is funny that I – and perhaps you – read the old books for pleasure and always turn to contemporaries with the notion of 'improving my mind'. With most, I fancy, the direct opposite is so.
The new landscapes could also be — especially as, in his late twenties, he began to reconsider his long-standing atheism — spiritual in nature. Again to Arthur:
In the evening I started to read the Everyman volume of Jacob Boehme which I had ordered sometime ago. The Dialogue at the end, called the Supersensual Life, was fairly easy going, and I should advise you to get and read it at once. Then I turned back and began the longer work, the Signatura Rerum. I could see at once that I was reading the most serious attempt I had ever met to describe (not to explain, for he speaks as one who has seen and his description is his explanation) – to describe the very mystery of creation and to show you the differences actually coming into being out of the original One and making a world and souls and good and evil. Almost at the same time, I saw, alas, that it was hopelessly beyond me: yet tantalising for I could just grasp enough to be quite sure that he was talking about something tremendously real, and not merely mystifying you. […]
In the meantime, I wish to record that it has been about the biggest shaking up I've got from a book, since I first read Phantastes. It is not such a pleasant experience as Phantastes, and if it continues to give me the same feeling when I understand more I shall give it up. No fooling about for me: and I keep one hand firmly gripped round the homely & simple things. But it is a real book: i.e. it's not like a book at all, but like a thunderclap. Heaven defend us–what things there are knocking about the world!
We saw in an earlier chapter Lewis's early lack of interest in literary fiction — partly cured by Arthur's recommendation of the "homely" English novelists — so Arthur must have been deeply interested in how utterly Lewis was bowled over when he read War and Peace for the first time:
The most interesting thing that has happened to me since I last wrote is reading War and Peace – at least I am now in the middle of the 4th and last volume so I think, bar accidents, I am pretty sure to finish it. It has completely changed my view of novels. Hitherto I had always looked on them as rather a dangerous form – I mean dangerous to the health of literature as a whole. I thought that the strong 'narrative lust' – the passionate itch to 'see what happened in the end' – which novels aroused, necessarily injured the taste for other, better, but less irresistible, forms of literary pleasure: and that the growth of novel reading largely explained the deplorable division of readers into low-brow and high-brow – the low being simply those who had learned to expect from books this 'narrative lust', from the time they began to read, and who had thus destroyed in advance their possible taste for better things.
Tolstoy, in this book, has changed all that. I have felt everywhere – in a sense – you will know what I mean – that sublime indifference to the life or death, success or failure, of the chief characters, which is not a blank indifference at all, but almost like submission to the will of God. Then the variety of it. The war parts are just the best descriptions of war ever written: all the modern war books are milk and water to this: then the rural parts – lovely pictures of village life and of religious festivals in wh. the relations between the peasants and the nobles almost make you forgive feudalism: the society parts, in which I was astonished to find so much humour – there is a great hostess who always separates two guests when she sees them getting really interested in conversation, who is almost a Jane Austen character.
And if Lewis was willing to let Arthur's preference for novels shape his interests, increase the range of his literary experience, he in turn sought to encourage Arthur to expand his reach beyond the nineteenth and twentieth centuries — and in so doing offers a wonderful brief course in the pleasures and challenges of reading old books:
Well, for one thing, remember that nearly all your reading is confined to about 150 years of one particular country: this is no disgrace to you, most people's circle is far smaller. But still, compared with the world this one little period of English literature is very small, and tho' you (and I of course) are so accustomed to the particular kinds of art we find inside it, yet we must remember that there are an infinite variety outside it, quite as good in different ways. And so, if you suddenly go back to an Anglo-Saxon gleeman's lay, you come up against something absolutely different – a different world. If you are to enjoy it, you must forget your previous ideas of what a book should be and try and put yourself back in the position of the people for whom it was first made. When I was reading it I tried to imagine myself as an old Saxon thane sitting in my hall of a winter's night, with the wolves & storm outside and the old fellow singing his story. In this way you get the atmosphere of terror that runs through it – the horror of the old barbarous days when the land was all forests and when you thought that a demon might come to your house any night & carry you off.
5. Re-Reading
Lewis's letters are full of accounts of the re-reading of his favorite books — a habit that those for whom adding to their list of Books Read is a major incentive to picking up a book cannot readily understand. For Lewis it was a practice so deeply ingrained that he felt it had to be restrained. When he reviewed The Lord of the Rings (which perhaps he should not in good conscience have done, given his intimacy with its author, but we'll set that aside for now) he commented that "the book is too original and too opulent for any final judgment on a first reading. But we know at once that it has done things to us. We are not quite the same men. And though we must ration ourselves in our re-readings, I have little doubt that the book will soon take its place among the indispensables." The custom of "rationing" re-readings is one that Lewis may have honored more in the breach than the observance, as his letters amply attest.
In the passage from The Allegory of Love I quote in the Preface — the one on his love for the Italian romantic epic — Lewis mentions the pleasure of being "always convalescent from some small illness," and it was a pleasure he rarely denied himself if he could help it: to judge by his letters, he was "down with the flu" every other month or so. And in those times he was especially prone to indulge himself in the sport of re-reading old favorites, as he explained to Arthur:
Seriously, unless it is [a] very painful or oppressive illness I always get some pleasure out of 'keeping my bed'. Especially if you are sick enough to have a fire! There is something beautifully cosy about meals brought up on a tray, and after a frugal but thoroughly enjoyable breakfast I love to pile up my pillows, call for a choice pile of bright volumes and settle down to an endless read: if there be snow falling so much the better. I say 'bright volumes' advisedly, because all books are not suitable for bed reading. Books of the 'Phantastes' & 'Crock of Gold' type are best; some new ones if possible, several old favourites, a trashy novel from the library (trashy, but not bad, if you know what I mean) AND some picture books of the Rackham & Robinson type. I should find 'Jason' very good company too. By the way don't imagine I'm trotting all this out as sort of 'advice to invalids': its only that the subject naturally came up & I couldn't lose an opportunity of airing my own tastes.
To his father in May of 1929, he wrote mentioning Scott, who by this time had become a particular favorite:
I hope your recovery from the winter 'flu has been permanent. My own prolonged cold, having lasted out the term, worked up into a sore throat and temperature and a few days in bed about Easter time. This finally got rid of the trouble and was not unpleasant. It gave me the excuse to be idle and the chance to re-read some old favourites – including The Antiquary. Read The Antiquary. I think it contains the cream of Scott's humour and very nearly the cream of his tragedy.
And then to his brother fewer than three years later:
I have now been in my room for precisely a week. It has been an ideal illness. My little east room, as you know, gives one two views – one over to Philips an t'other up to the top wood – and the grate does not smoke. Most of the week there has been snow falling during some part of the day– wh. is just the finishing touch to a comfortable day's reading in bed. I have re-read three Scotts…. Finally The Antiquary for about the fifth time, wh. I have almost fixed on as the Scott novel. I have read it so often that I do not remember at which reading I ceased to regard Mr. Oldbuck as 'a character' and began to think him (as I now do) simply the one sensible man in the book, living as any rational man would live if he were given peace.


We did it! I warmly invite you to the book launch party on Sat 28 April 2018 from 2-4pm in the rooms of my friend Dr. Pascal Sieber (Schwanengasse 3 in Bern, 3 floor). You are most warmly invited! Thank you for your tremendous support. It's been a huge privilege to do this. The book is now in print with BuchundNetz and will be out shortly.
We make it … we made it! Thank you, thank you, thank you.
We are thrilled that we got the money together to publish «The Year». The manuscript goes to S for proof-reading and then to Chris for layout.
The effective cost of writing and publishing «The Year» are much higher than CHF 2000 so additional funds that come in are much needed and of course dearly appreciated.
Next goals: If we raise another CHF 2000 I can cover other costs I have had and will have such as train tickets, proof-reading, and editing costs of about 2500.-.
Hey, what a response. I am overwhelmed and thankful! Thank you soo much!
It's 2 am and I am trying to sleep in room 425 of the YMCA hotel in Jerusalem. People are partying outside and the air coming in through the open window is crisp. I hear sirens and birds from my tiny, cold, somewhat shabby room.
We, my colleagues and I, are on a field and study trip as part of the studies on conflict analysis and transformation, offered by the university of Basel. Many of us have been studying together for several years and are now finishing a stimulating process with this tour of Israel, before completing our MAS course.


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A trip back in time to 1940s in New York City
In 1943 four NYC newspapers published a local market analysis aimed at advertisers. The document was based on the 1940 Census and included hundreds of photos & color-coded maps portraying the geographic patterns of monthly rent levels across the city. It also featured statistics and short narratives about the neighborhoods.
The "New York Market Analysis" document was largely forgotten since its publication. Seventy years later the Center for Urban Research at the CUNY Graduate Center is making the 1943 profiles available in a new project called Welcome to 1940s New York. The site provides "an amazing window into New York's neighborhoods of that era".
The website displays in an interactive map all the info of the 116 neighborhoods covered in the document. The neighborhood map is hosted by CartoDB. DocumentCloud provides easy access to the entire 1943 document. Map navigation is provided through Leaflet.js and the basemap is from MapBox.
There's a detailed overview of how the 1940 Census statistics compares with the city of today at the Center for Urban research website. Steven Romalewski from CUNY has also written a post at his Spatiality blog that highlights the main aspects of the project.
The site is "still very much a work in progress" he says but it already offers a rich picture of life in New York more than seventy years ago.
"With the maps you can see for yourself how closely or not the patterns match life in our city today" writes Romalewski about the original 1943 document -which he found for the first time in 1997 when he was a graduated student from Columbia University.
This is a sample from the original file:
"Take a moment to appreciate the cartographic craftsmanship involved in color coding each block based on Census data. No desktop computers or Google Maps back then!" adds Romalewski.
The New York Times one of the newspapers that contributed to the original document has published a piece on the site along a photo gallery comparing the statistics and photographs from five sample neighborhoods as they appeared in 1940 and today.
"A time when Manhattan rent was just 30$" says The Atlantic. "Step back in time to 1940s New York" says Curbed.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Heinrich events, in which large masses of icebergs rapidly broke free from ice sheets during the last ice age, are thought to have influenced global climate by interrupting ocean circulation patterns with a large influx of freshwater. However, new research from the University of Bristol suggests the variations in the height of the ice sheet that happen in these events might also influence global climate.
In a study published today in PNAS, Dr William Roberts of Bristol's School of Geographical Sciences and colleagues use computer models to simulate a Heinrich event in Hudson Bay, Canada, adjusting the models to consider freshwater influx only, changing ice sheet height only or both factors together.
The researchers found that the climate effects in the simulations that considered both freshwater influx and changing topography were not simply the sum of the climate effects of each component considered separately.
In a simulation of changing ice sheet height only, a warm sea surface was seen in the central North Atlantic and Florida became warmer and wetter. Both these effects have been observed in the paleoclimate record but cannot be accounted for with freshwater influx models alone.
In other regions, for example the tropical Atlantic, both changes in ice sheet height and freshwater influx appeared to affect the climate response.
These results indicate that, although the altered atmospheric circulation due to changing ice sheet height is not the sole driver of climate change in Heinrich events, its previously unrecognized contribution to global climate may merit consideration.


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Home » Just In » These youth made some cities localise DRRM tools. Now, they want to expand it across Nepal
These youth made some cities localise DRRM tools. Now, they want to expand it across Nepal
Bijeesha Budhathoki March 25, 2021
The launch of BIPAD portal in Waling municipality. Photo: Youth Innovation Lab
If there was one thing that troubled Anil Basnet, a native of Tulsipur sub-metropolitan city in Dang, since he studied geomatics engineering, it was a huge data gap about disaster risk reduction management in his locality. But, Basnet says what used to upset him more was that the local government had not taken any effective efforts in bridging the gap.
Therefore, he wanted to draw their attention to the need for a better disaster risk reduction plan at the local government, but it was not easy. "They did not know anything about it," he laments. "Neither did they had any reliable data."
However, in October 2020, he found a solution. He learned about a fellowship programme that would help him not only connect with local officials but also strongly engage in the DRR planning process on his own.
Basnet is one among 14 young people who participated in the Disaster Risk Reduction-Young Leaders Fellowship (DRR-YLF) programme hosted by Youth Innovation Lab (YI-Lab) with the support from USAID's Tayar Nepal project.
With the fellowship, the fellows say they helped 14 local governments across Nepal localise the centrally-available data management portal, BIPAD, so that they would be able to use the knowledge for better preparedness. In the meantime, the organisers hope for its expansion across the country.
Efforts to collect data
Throughout the fellowship, Basnet says he played an active role in sensitising the officials about the need for data for disaster preparedness and response.
Likewise, Mohammad Aasif Ali, a mechanical engineer who worked with the Biratnagar metropolitan city, says he helped the local government compile and manage data that were scattered and mismanaged.
DRR fellows working at their workplaces to collect data. Photo: Youth Innovation Lab
"The data were scattered in different departments and organisations; they were not interlinked about which those entities were not aware," Ali says, "As the capital of Province 1, there are many entities and organisations here. They have their own database. Therefore, I collected the data from such organisations and compiled them."
Ali says he collected the dataset about the airport from the Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal, data about health and education from the health and education departments respectively. Likewise, the dataset of the hotels and the industries was taken from their respective associations in the city.
But, many other participants of the fellowship (October 2020-February 2021) had to collect the data on their own, according to Pradip Khatiwada, the executive director of Youth Innovation Lab (YI-Lab) that facilitated the fellowship.
For example, Sawan Chaudhary says he had to struggle a lot to convince the officials of the Jaleshwar municipality about the importance of data.
He says, "They wouldn't care about me and my work initially as they had their own works. However, gradually, when I made them understand its significance, they understood and coordinated very well."
While searching for the dataset in the municipality, it was found that there were no data in the record of the municipality although the municipality was very old. Therefore, he says that he collected the data of education from the education department. He also had to collect some firsthand data.
There were many who faced the problem. Shiva Prasad Chaudhari, the mayor of Rajapur municipality in Bardiya, accepts, "The status of dataset in our municipality was very weak before this programme. However, it has drastically changed as of now, thanks to the DRR fellow and the programme."
But, what's the need?
Khatiwada says the data collected by the fellows will help local governments in making informed planning for disaster risk reduction and management.
A DRR fellow working in a municipality. Photo: Youth Innovation Lab
The programme was envisioned in order to aid the Government of Nepal's plan in localisation of the Building Information Platform Against Disaster (BIPAD) portal, an integrated disaster information management system (DIMS), informs Khatiwada.
All DRR fellows from all the 14 municipalities collected data of 14 different critical infrastructures that include 1,099 educational institutions, 377 health facilities, 537 banking and financial institutions, 524 governance institutions, 398 tourism, 660 culture, 263 industries, 195 communications institutions, 57 transportation facilities, 313 bridge, five energy station, one waterway, three airways, and 308 water supply infrastructures and integrated into the BIPAD portal, Khathiwada informs.
As the BIPAD portal stores all the relevant disaster data that can be used in the preparedness and response plan for disaster management, localisation of this portal is very crucial, opines Milan Hadkhale, a civil engineer, who worked as a DRR fellow at Vyas municipality.
He adds, "Data integration and data access are further made easy with its localisation. With the bottom-top approach of data collection, the information collected and stored on BIPAD presents a ground reality of the local bodies in disaster risk, preparedness and capacity and resources mapping."
Corroborating Hadkhale's statement, another fellow at Neelakantha municipality, Binita Shahi stresses the importance of localising this portal. Adding to this, Basnet says localisation of the BIPAD portal is very necessary for disaster preparedness and resilience.
Impacts and sustainability
As the fellows completed their work, all the 14 local governments launched their municipal BIPAD portals by creating sub-domains. Likewise, the local units have a standard operating procedure to run and host the very portal.
A DRR fellow giving presentation on BIPAD portal to municipal officials. Photo: Youth Innovation Lab
Of the 14 municipalities, Rajapur (Bardiya), Dullu (Dailekh), Vyas (Tanahun), Damak (Jhapa), and Waling (Syangja) municipalities have already endorsed the procedure, according to Khatiwada.
Khatiwada is confident that these local governments can now utilise the integrated local disaster data to enhance planning, preparedness, risk communication, response, and decision making in the long-run.
"Some municipalities have already hired a separate DRR professional to give continuity to this work," shares Khatiwada.
For example, Dilip Pratap Khand, the mayor of Waling municipality in Syangja, informs, "The localisation of Bipad portal has been very useful for us."
He says, "Using the data of this portal, we are analysing the settlement area, possible areas of hazards, industrial area, and a lot more. As of now, this portal is handled by an IT officer of the municipality and we are in the process of hiring a DRR person soon."
Nonetheless, many impacts on the municipal governments are of long-term nature and not clearly visible as of now, according to him.
At the personal level, the fellows have garnered many opportunities. Roshan Thakur, a fellow in Damak municipality, says he got an opportunity as an IT officer in a different municipality in Jhapa. Likewise, Shahi is also offered a contract by the Changunarayan municipality in order to localise the BIPAD portal. As per Khatiwada, Yl- Lab has also hired two of the fellows to work for the long term.
"We will continuously provide technical support to all these 14 local governments for some time. And, we are also planning to expand this project in all the 753 local governments of the country," he says.
Bijeesha Budhathoki Thursday March 25, 2021, 11:06 am
Bijeesha Budhathoki
Budhathoki is a correspondent at Onlinekhabar.
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Laptops News
Sweden's Arcam soars in 3D printing boom
By Reuters | Updated: 23 January 2014 21:44 IST
Sweden's Arcam was 2013's best performing 3D printer maker, with investors desperate for exposure to a metal printing technique that is making manufacturing more efficient.
Shares in the tiny company whose clients include GE Aviation , Boeing , Airbus and GKN Aerospace , surged 530 percent in the past year rocketing ahead of 3D printing giants 3D Systems and Stratasys .
3D printing is still in its infancy on most factory floors and in some industries where bulk production is required it may never be fully adopted but McKinsey estimates that it could have a huge economic impact by 2025, explaining why investors are so keen on the sector.
Arcam's machines print metal parts for the aerospace and implants industries where they make complicated pieces in smaller volumes, allowing companies to save on expensive metal such as titanium.
"There's a clear advantage to using it in aerospace...Because you can design different you can therefore lightweight something," said Richard Hague, a professor at Nottingham University and an expert in additive manufacturing.
"For aerospace if you can lightweight something then you can save fuel and make it a massive cost saver over the life-time of the aircraft."
3D printing technology has been around since the 1980's, and is mainly used for plastic modelling. However, there was a breakthrough in the industry last year when GE Aviation said its new LEAP jet engine would use 3D printed metal fuel nozzles.
U.S. President Barack Obama added to the hype, noting 3D printing, commonly known as additive manufacturing, had "the potential to revolutionize the way we make almost everything".
The McKinsey report from 2013 estimated that 3D printing could generate economic impact of $230 billion to $550 billion per year by 2025, mainly from consumer uses and manufacturing.
GE's oil and gas division told Reuters this week it will start pilot production of 3D printed metal fuel nozzles for its gas turbines in the second half of this year, a major step towards using the technology for mass-manufactured parts in the industry.
"Making one of something today we can do with additive technology. If you want 10,000 then you go back to some of the older manufacturing technologies," Eric Gebhardt, Chief Technology Officer at GE Oil and Gas.
"The printing is coming along right now, it's not exactly where we need it to be for some of the designs we're coming up with but it's definitely coming along very quickly."
SOMETHING FOR THE FUTURE
Most metal 3D printers use lasers as an energy source but Arcam uses powerful electron beams to melt thin layers of metal powder in a vacuum and build up strong metal parts such as hip implants and jet engine turbine blades.
Lasers are better when it comes to smaller parts with finer resolution, such as dental implants, while the EBM system wins for larger parts, such as orthopaedic implants.
Nevertheless, some industries say wide use of 3D printing is some way off including ABB the world's biggest supplier of industrial motors and drives.
"It's largely because we don't have components that are particularly weight-critical. Plus, we're very cost critical, so we have to find the most cost-effective way of producing any component and we tend to be high volume compared to, say, aerospace," said Bill Black ABB's head of quality and operational excellence.
"For ABB's range of products and as the technology is currently capable, we don't see it being used in manufacturing any time soon, but we continue to watch it and we continue to try it because we are sure that in the future it will be part of our landscape."
Car makers have been using additive manufacturing for prototyping for many years and analysts at Canaccord Genuity believe automotive in time will become an important market for Arcam. But with high production volumes and cheaper materials in the car industry, this is not likely to be around the corner.
"We may see pre-series and prototypes, but the cost pressure is completely different than in the industries where we are," Arcam CEO Magnus Rene said.
HIPS AND PLANES
With a market value of $790 million on annual sales of just $30 million, investors are nevertheless looking many years ahead for Arcam's success.
The value of the five listed 3D printer makers with industrial exposure -- Arcam, U.S. Exone and German Voxeljet , 3D Systems and Stratasys is far higher than predictions for the total market as far out as 2021.
They have a joint market value of $17 billion while Wohlers Associates sees the total 3D printing market at $10.8 billion in 2021, up from $2.2 billion in 2012.
Out of Arcam's 24 machine orders in 2012 two thirds came from aerospace, the world's top consumer of titanium. Investment bank Espirito Santo sees the aerospace market for 3D printing tripling to just short of $700 million from 2012 to 2016, according to a recent research note.
GE's Avio Aero, with whom Arcam has worked closely to develop titanium alloy turbine blades, had 10 of Arcam's EBM machines installed at the end of 2012 and has just built a new additive manufacturing facility in Italy which will hold up to 60 EBM and laser sintering systems.
Although not as important for the future as aerospace, the implant industry also offers potential for 3D printing companies, with over a million hip replacements a year.
Arcam customer Adler Ortho, an Italian maker of hip and knee implants, launched its first product made with EBM in 2006.
"We believe Arcam's revenue growth will be well above that of the 3D printing industry, driven by penetration of tier-one orthopaedic implant customers and a ramp to volume production by aerospace customers," Canaccord Genuity said.
Arcam sales shot up 73 percent to 133 million Swedish crowns in the first nine months of 2013. It logged a steady stream of printer orders in the fourth quarter, albeit just short of the record level in the final quarter of 2012.
TAKEOVER TARGET
As aerospace and medical companies churn out a growing number of designs calling for 3D printing, there are worries there will not be enough machines and materials to meet demand.
"For example GE Aviation...They may not have the machines, enough capacity in the world to build the parts they want to build," said Terry Wohlers, president of consultancy firm Wohlers Associates which has tracked the industry since the first steps in the 1980's.
Other aerospace groups including Rolls-Royce , Pratt & Whitney and GKN Aerospace are also investing in additive manufacturing.
GKN Aerospace, an Arcam customer, said several challenges need to be overcome before it is fully embraced including speeding up the printing and improving post-process finishing.
For Arcam with just 70 employees, adding capacity to match future market growth poses challenges. It raised 348 million crowns through a share issue in December to help it fund expansion and bought Canadian powder metal maker AP&C in a move to secure supply to meet growing client demand.
Speculation about industry consolidation is rampant.
"Is Arcam an acquisition target? Of course. Are many of the laser-based companies targets? They are as well," said Wohlers.
3D Systems added exposure to printing in metals with its acquisition of French Phenix Systems last year. Stratasys still lacks capabilities in metals and GE's 3D printing push has made some speculate it could one day make its own machines.
"Arcam would be a good fit everywhere and I can very well understand if sector companies are tempted," said Thomas Carlstrom, investment manager at Swedish state foundation Industrifonden, Arcam's largest owner with close to 16 percent of shares.
Further reading: 3D, 3D-printers, 3D-printing, Arcam, Laptops, PC, Printers, Sweden, Sweden's Arcam
Twitter suspends account of Hamas' armed wing
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Swiss Researchers Develop Technique That Can Produce High-Resolution 3D Images of Cells


The gardens have not one but four of these statuesque trees, probably planted in the gardens in the 1950's, after the botanical flurry! Walk across the main lawn and take a look at the orange-brown fluted bark and the dusky red-brown autumn leaf colour. Known as the dawn redwood it is related to the swamp cypress (Taxodium distichum) from the American everglades and the giant and coastal redwoods of California , it is very fast growing. It is a rare treat to see one of the oldest known coniferous trees, growing in the UK.


text:
<?php
require "includes/constants.php";
require "DataModel/UsuarioDataModel.php";
require "classes/DB.php";
DB::init($dbOptions);
require "classHelpers/class.eyesecuresession.inc.php";
$GLOBAL_session = new EyeSecureSession(SESSIONPASS);
include("classes/Seguridad.php");
$miembro = new Seguridad();
$miembro->esSesionValida($GLOBAL_session);

require "classes/Rol.php";
require "classes/CustomAuthorize.php";
$usuarioActual = @$GLOBAL_session->get('UsuarioActual');
$AccesoRestringido = new OnlyAdministradorAuthorizeAttribute($usuarioActual->Email, "Administrador",true);

/*
 * En los momentos de crisis, sólo la imaginación es más importante que el conocimiento.
 * Albert Einstein
 */

    include("includes/webApp.Config.php");
    header(configurations::HeaderParameter());
    echo configurations::DocType();
?>

    <title><?php echo configurations::IndexTitle(); ?></title>
    <base href="<?php echo configurations::BaseRef(); ?>"/>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=<?php echo configurations::Encoding(); ?>"/>
    <meta name="Keywords" content="<?php echo configurations::KeyWords(); ?>"/>
    <meta name="Description" content="<?php echo configurations::PageDescription(); ?>"/>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/reset.css"/>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="<?php echo configurations::CssFilePath(); ?>"/>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/responsive.css"/>
    <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" href="<?php echo configurations::IconFilePath(); ?>" />

        <?php include("phpSections/popup.php"); ?>
        <?php include("phpSections/header.php"); ?>

            <?php
                include('phpSections/menu.php');
            ?>

Inicio

            <?php
                require "classes/Publicacion.php";
                //DB::init($dbOptions);
                $albumes = Publicacion::ObtenerAlbumes();
                for($i = 0;$i<sizeof($albumes);$i++){
            ?>

<a href="Album.php?Album=<?php echo $albumes[$i]->id; ?>"><?php echo $albumes[$i]->nombre!=""?$albumes[$i]->nombre:"Album"; ?>

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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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One of the most popular foundational foods in the world is rice.
This is because rice is an easily-accessible and a less expensive source of energy than other goods.
There are over 40,000 varieties of rice cultivated all over the world, these varieties can be categorized into two major groups; long grain (all-purpose) and speciality rice.
Jasmine rice, also known as Thai fragrant rice is an aromatic long grain rice that originates from Thailand.
The rice is subtle than the basmati rice and it's characterized by a flowery aroma and a delicious, natty taste. Its grains are long and slender and when cooked its texture is slightly sticky and soft than all the other long-grained rice.
The benefits of jasmine rice are many and its brown variety exudes more than the white rice.
To give you more insight into the benefits of jasmine rice we will start by highlight its nutritional facts.
The value protein contained in jasmine rice is 10% of you required daily value (DV). This makes jasmine rice one of the highly recommended low protein diet food for people suffering from liver or kidney problems.
When you eat jasmine rice your body gets quick energy because the carbohydrates are provided in form of glucose (complex carbohydrates). This makes it an essential food for sports people e.g. athletes who require adequate energy before, during, and after workouts.
Jasmine rice is one of the best sources of thiamine, niacin, selenium and iron. The amounts of these nutrients found in cooked jasmine rice are about 10-20% of the required daily values.
Although this type of rice is undoubtedly very healthy, there are 2 specific reasons that you might need to actually avoid it and consider another form of nutrition.
Diabetics are high advised to adopt low glycemic index meal plans.
This automatically rules out white jasmine rice because it has a high starch content and it is capable of raising blood sugar levels.
Therefore, if you are a diabetes patient brown jasmine rice is highly recommended as the safest and healthiest option.
A bodybuilder should eat steamed brown jasmine rice because it has a higher nutrition value than the white counterpart.
It may take you long to cook brown jasmine rice but in return, you will get more minerals, fiber, and vitamins.
It is also rich in niacin, magnesium, potassium, calcium, and phosphorous which are essential mineral in building muscle tissues.
White jasmine rice provides 0.63g (10% of the DV) of dietary fiber, while the brown variety provides 3.5 g (14% of the DV) per a 1-cup serving.
Dietary fiber or roughage provides a number of health benefits although the human digestive system doesn't digest it.
This insoluble fiber aids the digestive system and helps flush food out effectively via the gastrointestinal tract.
The fiber is also very important in preventing constipation by softening the stool. Besides, it is very vital as it helps control cholesterol and blood sugar levels in the body.
Jasmine rice is a good source of vital vitamins which are endowed with powerful cancer-fighting properties.
Niacin (vitamin B3) is one of the crucial vitamins provided by jasmine rice.
This vitamin is very vital in the body as it helps control cholesterol level and fight heart diseases (2, 3).
This vitamin also eases arthritis and helps improve the functioning of the brain.
Another crucial vitamin found if jasmine rice is thiamine or vitamin B1 (5).
Thiamine is involved in the production of energy in the body, it supports the enzyme system (pyruvate dehydrogenase system), which releases energy for the body.
The vitamin has strong anti-aging properties and protects the body from aging signs like age spots and wrinkles.
Other health benefits of thiamine include; memory and appetite improvement, aids digestion, prevents Alzheimer's disease, promotes proper cardiac function, helps in the formation of red cells etc.
Other vitamins found in jasmine rice are of great benefit as they help improve and maintain skin health.
Furthermore, the vitamin helps in body cells formation boosts metabolism and supports other vital body processes.
The international rice research institute IRRI records that jasmine rice is more filling and has a modest protein content.
However, this rice contains 8 essential amino acids which cannot be produced in the body. This makes jasmine rice crucial for maintaining metabolism and healthy, functioning muscles.
Minerals are essential in maintaining proper system functions and overall body health. Jasmine rice supplies small but sufficient amounts of mighty minerals to your body.
Magnesium is vital in the body, it helps the muscles of the digestive system to relax thereby relieving constipation.
It also plays a very important role in body muscle contractions and neuromuscular signals. Magnesium deficiency can cause muscle spasms and aches in the body.
Magnesium is also heavily involved in the regulation of potassium and calcium in the body. Other health benefits of magnesium includes treating insomnia, calming the nerves, improving energy levels, preventing osteoporosis, etc.
Jasmine rice supplies phosphorous to the body.
Phosphorus is important in the body as it helps in cell repair, improves brain function, protein formation, and regulating hormone balance (6).
This mineral is also important in eliminating muscle weakness and maintaining a healthy digestive system.
The benefits of jasmine rice are countless and it is easy to see why this rice is very popular.
The international rice research institute IRRI points out that the brown variety of jasmine rice is more nutritious than the white variety.
They specify that brown jasmine rice has two time fiber, three times magnesium and five times vitamin E.


text:
Men admit gun and drug charges
TWO Ipswich men face jail sentences after admitting to gun and drug-dealing charges.Ian Palfrey and Mark Farrall pleaded guilty at Knutsford Crown Court following their arrest by police after the Subaru they were driving was damaged in a freak crash in Cheshire.
TWO Ipswich men face jail sentences after admitting to gun and drug-dealing charges.
Ian Palfrey and Mark Farrall pleaded guilty at Knutsford Crown Court following their arrest by police after the Subaru they were driving was damaged in a freak crash in Cheshire.
The pair admitted possession of a firearm with intent to endanger life and possession of cannabis with intent to supply.
The cannabis was said to have had a street value of between £20,000-£30,000.
Palfrey, 23, and Farrall, 39, whose addresses were given as Defoe Road, were caught by police when their Subaru was hit by a lorry which had careered out of control.
The accident happened on the M6 northbound between junctions 16 and 17, near Crewe, on Monday, September 8, last year.
An articulated lorry travelling south jack-knifed, crossed the central reservation and came to rest on an embankment.
Three other vehicles including the one containing Palfrey and Farrall were damaged in the crash.
Several people, including the pair from Ipswich, sustained minor injuries and were taken to Leighton Hospital for treatment.
A spokesman for Cheshire police said when officers checked the Subaru Palfrey and Farrall – who is also known as Mark Mann – were in after recovering it from the motorway, they discovered a stash of cannabis. They also found a firearm, together with a quantity of cash.
After being treated in hospital, the pair were taken to separate police stations in Northwich and Crewe, where they were charged with both the offences which they admitted in court.
They made their first appearance at South Cheshire Magistrates Court in Crewe on September 10 last year, before appearing at Chester Crown Court six days later.
Palfrey and Farrall, who is originally believed to be from the Manchester area, were remanded in custody throughout the past 12 months awaiting trial.
Following their guilty pleas before Recorder Ian Murphy QC at Knutsford Crown Court they will now remain in custody until their sentencings.
The sentencings are scheduled to take place at Chester Crown Court on Friday, October 8.


Any time — Any day.
Professionals Serving Industry since 1968.
Doing whatever it takes, wherever it takes us.
Air Systems LLC is the Ingersoll Rand Air Compressor Master Distributor for Kentucky and southern Indiana. With over 50 years of leadership in the industrial market – we offer a full range of quality products and services to support the growth and success of every business sector within our region. We continually invest in our people and resources to remain the area's #1 source for compressed air equipment and 24/7 service. And we're proud to be a locally owned, leading edge company that provides a vital service to the local manufacturing economy.
Lexington, Bowling Green, Campbellsville and Owensboro.
What some call impossible, we call another Wednesday.
Since 1968 we've built our business on customer relationships, responsive support and pride in service. Today we honor that past by powering the future.
We're proud to be your master distributor.
much less 50 of them.
Bring on the tough questions – our crew can handle them.
Kentuckiana Cleanfuel is driven to provide safe, affordable and environmentally friendly compressed natural gas fuel for our customers. Our Louisville station is located two miles east of I-65 exit 128 at the corner of Geil Lane and Fern Valley Road and our Cincinnati station is located off of I-275 at 2490 Commerce Boulevard in Sharonville, Ohio.
© Air Systems, LLC 2018. All Rights Reserved.


text:
Q: How does this error happened? 'IndexError: invalid index to scalar variable' I am using Python 3.7 and Numpy 1.18.5.
I tried to run the following code:

import numpy as np

def rot(direc,ang):

    c=np.cos(ang)
    s=np.sin(ang)
    if direc=='x':
        R = np.block([[1, 0, 0],[0, c, -s],[0, s, c]])
    elif direc=='y':
        R = np.block([[c, 0, s],[0, 1, 0],[-s, 0, c]])
    elif direc=='z':
        R = np.block([[c, -s, 0],[s, c, 0],[0, 0, 1]])
    else:
        'Direction not recognized.'

    return R

def Hjac(fun,x,reg):
    class HJAC():
        def __init__(self):
            self.z = np.spacing(shape=(6,1))
            self.A = np.spacing(shape=(6,10))

    z = np.vectorize(fun)
    n = np.size(x)
    m = np.size(z)
    A = np.empty(shape=(m,n))
    h = n*np.spacing(1)
    ns = range(0,n)
    for k in ns:
        x1 = x;
        x1[k] = x1[k]+h*1j
        A[:,k] = np.imag(z(x1,reg))/h

    HJacobi = HJAC()
    HJacobi.z = z
    HJacobi.A = A

    return HJacobi

def fun(x,reg):

    R = rot('x',reg[1])
    f = np.dot(R,x*reg)
    return f

x = np.random.rand(3,1)
reg = np.random.rand(3,1)

H = Hjac(fun,x,reg)

I am trying to obtain a jacobian of a function 'fun' with respect to a vector 'x'.
But I got the following error message:

runfile('C:/Users/2JY/Documents/Python/temp.py', wdir='C:/Users/2JY/Documents/Python')
C:/Users/2JY/Documents/Python/temp.py:32: ComplexWarning: Casting complex values to real discards the imaginary part
  x1[k] = x1[k]+h*1j
Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "<ipython-input-1-8907a67fa932>", line 1, in <module>
    runfile('C:/Users/2JY/Documents/Python/temp.py', wdir='C:/Users/2JY/Documents/Python')

  File "C:\Users\2JY\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\spyder_kernels\customize\spydercustomize.py", line 827, in runfile
    execfile(filename, namespace)

  File "C:\Users\2JY\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\spyder_kernels\customize\spydercustomize.py", line 110, in execfile
    exec(compile(f.read(), filename, 'exec'), namespace)

  File "C:/Users/2JY/Documents/Python/temp.py", line 50, in <module>
    H = Hjac(fun,x,reg)

  File "C:/Users/2JY/Documents/Python/temp.py", line 33, in Hjac
    A[:,k] = np.imag(z(x1,reg))/h

  File "C:\Users\2JY\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\numpy\lib\function_base.py", line 2091, in __call__
    return self._vectorize_call(func=func, args=vargs)

  File "C:\Users\2JY\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\numpy\lib\function_base.py", line 2161, in _vectorize_call
    ufunc, otypes = self._get_ufunc_and_otypes(func=func, args=args)

  File "C:\Users\2JY\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\numpy\lib\function_base.py", line 2121, in _get_ufunc_and_otypes
    outputs = func(*inputs)

  File "C:/Users/2JY/Documents/Python/temp.py", line 43, in fun
    R = rot('x',reg[1])

IndexError: invalid index to scalar variable.

I changed def fun(x,reg) as:

def fun(x,reg):

    ang1 = reg[1]
    R = rot('x',ang1)
    f = np.dot(R,x*reg)
    return f

and I got the following error message:

  File "C:/Users/2JY/Documents/Python/temp.py", line 43, in fun
    ang1 = reg[1]

IndexError: invalid index to scalar variable.

I can't understand why this kind of error happened.
I would really appreciate any answer to solve this problem.
Thank you.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Last week, the California Senate and Assembly passed a bill that would require utilities and the California Public Utilities Commission to consider the use of distributed energy resources, energy storage, and grid operational efficiencies to meet peak energy and reliability needs while reducing the need for new electricity generation and transmission. The bill is now before California Governor Jerry Brown for approval.
A similar proposal to encourage clean energy specifically during peak load hours was recommended last year by the Arizona Residential Utility Consumer Office (RUCO). Often, the output of variable renewable resources (such as solar) does not correspond with the periods of peak electricity demand. As the RUCO report notes, traditional renewable portfolio standards (RPSs) do not look at what times of day renewable energy is consumed. As a result, RPSs can result in an oversupply of renewable generation during the middle of the day, while conventional resources are needed to provide power during the hours of peak demand. To address this issue, RUCO recommended "Clean Peak Standards" that would require a minimum percentage of energy delivered to customers during peak load hours to come from renewable sources.
The bill passed in California aims to minimize the need for additional conventional generation to meet peak demand. It would require utilities' integrated resource plans to specifically consider "the role of existing renewable generation, grid operational efficiencies, energy storage, and distributed energy resources, including energy efficiency" in the hours of peak electricity demand. According to the September 6, 2017 Senate Floor Analyses, the bill is designed to help California shift demand to times of the day when clean energy is more abundant, reducing the need to build more transmission and natural-gas-fired plants.
This entry was posted in Blog Posts and tagged Distributed Energy Resources, Electric grid, Energy efficiency, Grid Modernization, Renewables, State regulation, Storage. Bookmark the permalink.


RK Flat Roofing is a professional Flat Roofing company specializing in TPO Flat Roofing. RK Flatroofing provides all flat roofing services to the Durham Region and surrounding areas. Call us today for a free quote.
FX Contracting provides professional roofing services to the Durham Region and surrounding areas. FX contracting also offer window & doors services, awnings and more. Call us today for a free quote and/or brochures.
Dryhome Roofing and Waterproofing is a Canadian registered small business. We are family owned and operated and we serve the Durham Region. All our work is guaranteed in writing. Our staff is qualified, insured, and protected with WSIB.


(2) Personal data means any information relating to an identified or identifiable natural person ('data subject'); an identifiable natural person is one who can be identified, directly or indirectly, in particular by reference to an identifier such as a name, an identification number, location data, an online identifier or to one or more factors specific to the physical, physiological, genetic, mental, economic, cultural or social identity of that natural person (Article 4 (1) GDPR).
(3) If you contact us by email or telephone we will collect and record your disclosed data (e.g. email-address, telephone number) to be able to answer your questions.
You can exercise these rights at any time by contacting us under the contact details listed under section 1 (1).
If you visit our website without registering or providing further information we collect only the personal data transmitted by your browser.
In case of smartphones, tablets and other mobile end devices: manufacturer/model.
No person-related saving of this data takes place. This data is also not combined with other data sources.
Your IP address is generally saved by us in anonymous form and no personal analysis takes place during this process. A full saving of the IP address only takes place in order to trace technical errors and hacking attempts, as well as to record consent, for example in the newsletter subscription.
We do not disclose your data to third parties for commercial purposes (sale, rental). Should your data be processed by service providers who support us with customer service the scope of the transferred data is limited to the necessary minimum. The data transfer takes place in encrypted form. Within the framework of processing by a processor, our partners were carefully selected by us and are obliged, in accordance with the statutory provisions of Article 28 EU GDPR, to handle your data in a trustworthy manner and to comply with our own data protection standards. In particular, our partners are not permitted to transfer the data of our customers to third parties for direct marketing purposes or to use the data themselves for commercial purposes.
With our newsletters we inform you about us and our products.
If you want to receive the newsletter, we need a valid email address from you. The registration for the newsletter takes place in the so-called double-opt-in procedure, which means that when you sign up for the newsletter, you will initially receive a non-promotional confirmation e-mail, which you must confirm by clicking on the link contained in the e-mail. Only then we start to send you newsletters from time to time. You can revoke your consent to the sending of the newsletter at any time. The revocation can take place via a link in the newsletter itself, in your profile area (if you have created a user account) or by notification to the contact options listed under point 1.
The legal basis for our newsletter is Article 6 Paragraph 1 Letter a) EU GDPR.
The legal basis for the engagement of the service provider is Article 6 Paragraph 1 Letter f) EU GDPR. Our interest in accordance with Article 6 Paragraph 1 Letter f) EU GDPR to commercially optimize our newsletter service is considered to be legitimate in the sense of the regulation referred to above.
In addition, we use non-permanent Cookies (so called "Session Cookies") in order to identify your Browser when using the Website. Such Session Cookies contain a pseudonymized ID which will be read by the Website server. During the session, the Session Cookies (including the pseudonymized ID) are stored on the Website server. After the session, the Session Cookies will be erased automatically.


A rubber-match fight between light heavyweight champion Antonio Tarver and former champ Roy Jones Jr. will launch a strong fall pay-per-view boxing lineup that will see at least four marquee fight cards.
Home Box Office PPV will distribute the Oct. 1 Tarver-Jones bout, the third fight between the two boxers.
Jones, once considered the world's best pound-for-pound fighter, seeks to avenge a May 2004 knockout to Tarver, who himself lost a close decision to Jones in their first bout, Dec. 3, 2003.
HBO PPV is hopeful the fight could approach the combined 600,000 buys generated from the first two fights. "It could jockey to be the best performing event of the year," HBO PPV vice president and general manager Tammy Ross said, besting the 510,000 buys garnered by HBO PPV's May 14 Felix Trinidad-Winky Wright fight.
HBO PPV is also working on a December rematch of last month's Bernard Hopkins-Jermain Taylor fight, when Taylor upset Hopkins to win the middleweight crown. That fight generated 350,000 PPV buys.
Also in the works, a November fight featuring junior welterweight champion Floyd Mayweather. The undefeated champ's June 25 fight against Arturo Gatti pulled in 350,000 PPV orders.
Showtime, too, is expected to distribute an Oct. 8 PPV rematch bout between Diego Corrales and Jose Luis Castillo. The network also has a small August PPV heavyweight boxing card featuring former champion David Tua against Jameel McCline and veteran Ray Mercer battling Shannon Briggs.


You may specify document conversion explicitly by setting a pre-process of type FFEXTERN and a process of FXCVRT, with a non-zero queue number to match the one set in the FFEXTERN program for the conversions to be performed. This requires a non-zero queue number to be specified on a $fax_pre-process command in each FS file.
The recommended method, however, is to use the $convert_types command in the configuration file. This takes a number of document-type keywords, and automatically places FS files referencing these types into the PREPROC directory to be picked up by FFEXTERN. It also creates a virtual $fax_pre-process command for FXCVRT with a queue number of 0. When you use this technique, the queue number set in FFEXTERN must be 0.
FFEXTERN will only make one attempt to preprocess items of type FFEXTERN for each FS file, by matching the queue specified on the $fax_pre-process command, the document checkboxes checked for that queue in FFEXTERN, and any of the document file types in the FS file. After this, additional $fax_pre-process commands and FFEXTERN queues will be ignored.


text:
Tag Archives: North Downs Way
Ultra Running Review of the Year 2013
Posted on December 19, 2013 by talkultra
What an amazing time to be involved in the sport of ultra running! The once niche minority sport has exploded to greater heights and distances in 2013. No longer is a long beard and 'Buff' a pre requisite of ultra running (unless you're Rob Krar). Clean cut, young, fast is the new 'ultra runner' mixing it up with the old guard.
Just think back to this time last year, had you heard of Zach Miller (not the Zach Miller, but, the Zach Miller; confused?), Michele Yates, Rob Krar, Magdalena Boulet and Xavier Thevenard.
Racing and the opportunity to race has also increased to the extent that it is now possible to race pretty much week in and week out for 12-months of the year. Of course, this brings pluses and minuses, certainly from an elite level, runners need to be far more savvy and race clever. You can no longer race month on month and expect to win. Races now have much higher quality fields and the pace is going up. The growth of Skyrunning has been instrumental in enticing a world audience to test runners of all abilities on tough, technical and high-terrain and the feedback has been incredible. UTWT have launched a series of races above the 100-km distance and in doing so have created a 'trail' circuit that offers multiple terrain in multiple locations all over the world. It will be interesting to see how the inaugural year goes when 2014 comes around.
So, what are the highlights of 2013?
Ultra Runner of the Year – Men and ladies
Lets start with Rob Krar. I interviewed Rob just after his incredible 'FKT' in the Grand Canyon early in 2013 when he put the Rim-to-Rim-to-Rim record at another level. At the time we discussed Western States, he was intimidated by the 'Super Bowl' of ultra and his first 100-miler. "I'll give it a shot and see what happens". Well, if you hadn't noticed Rob pre WSER you did afterwards. Your not supposed to run WSER and get 2nd overall in your first attempt. UROC, Ultra Race of Champions was the final of the Skyrunner Ultra World Series and for some reason they had bestowed upon themselves the title, 'The Ultra Running World Championship'. Mmmmm well, it certainly had a quality field but 'World Championship'? I don't think so. In the end it came down to a head-to-head between Dakota Jones and Rob Krar. Dakota looked as though he had it sewn up but on the final descent, Rob unleashed a pace that Dakota went on to say was 'just crazy'. Rob took the win and a pattern was forming. We were all a little surprised to see Rob's name on the start list for JFK50, primarily with TNF50 in San Francisco just two weeks later. As it happened, Rob dropped at around the 41-mile mark and went on to say that it was either 'a great training run for TNF50 or the worst decision he had made in a while.' It was a great training run! Rob ran a super calm, collected and mature race in San Francisco and when he took the front in the last fifth of the race he released a pace that was just incredible. Without doubt my ultra runner of the year!
Of course, you can't talk about male ultra runner and not mention Kilian Jornet. Kilian is a phenomenon. He is the star of our sport. Once again he was crowned Skyrunner World Ultra Series Champion with wins at Transvulcania and Ice Trail Tarentaise. In addition to this, Kilian was also champion of the 'Sky' series with 4 wins; Zegama, Mont-Blanc, Matterhorn Ultraks and Limone Extreme. Add this a couple VK's, a win at Canazei Sky race for the European Championships and a win at Trans D'Havet for the 'Ultra' Skyrunning European Championships and you would say the deal is done! But wait-a-minute, we haven't mentioned his records for his 'Summits' project. A stunning new FKT for Chamonix-Mont-Blanc-Chamonix but arguably THE highlight of the year was his Matterhorn Summit. It was a sublime and surreal performance that put going to the mountains light on another level. It was without doubt my 'moment' of the year. You can read my 'Matterhorn Summits Interview' with Kilian here. Kilian is the most complete athlete I know.
Michele Yates – iancorless.com ©bradclayton
Michele Yates hadn't run an ultra before 2013. Who would have thought that Ms Figure Colorado 2008 would be such an awesome talent? Well her history shows that she is a 2x Olympic Trials Marathon Competitor, she has 9 marathon wins and PB of 2:38:37. To say Michele burst on the ultra scene would be an underestimation. Her win at Indiana Trail 100 (17:35:18) almost went unnoticed but then taking top spot and the $10,000 prize at Run Rabbit Run suddenly made every one stop, look around and take notice. Placing 3rd at UROC was another sign that Michele was no one trick pony but just like Rob Krar, Michele sealed a quality 2013 with a win at TNF50. She started that race from the front and never relinquished the lead until the line. Is Michele female ultra runner of the year? Well, I would have said yes. That is until the weekend of Dec 13th/ 14th. (Listen to interview with Michele on the Christmas show of Talk Ultra, Ep51 out Dec 27th)
Pam Smith victorious at Western States turned up at the Desert Solstice track meet run by Aravaipa Running and not only took out the win for 12-hours on the track but set a new female record for 100-miles, 14:11:26. Take your pick, Michele or Pam; it's a tough call.
But wait a minute, what about Emelie Forsberg. Emelie arrived on the run scene in 2012 and instantly had success, continually placing top-3 with Anna Frost and Nuria Picas. However the break through moment came ironically this time last year, she won TNF50 in San Francisco. This seemed to change everything, Emelie arrived at Transvulcania in May 2013 and won, she followed this up with a win in Zegama, Canazei, Ice Trail Tarentaise, Matterhorn Ultraks, UROC and then went on to run her first 100-miler at the super tough Diagonale de Fous (Raid de la Reunion) and place 2nd. Do you want to vote against Emelie?
Performances of the Year
Rory Bosio blasted around the TNFUTMB course and in the process not only obliterated the female record but placed 7th overall. Her performance was nothing short of miraculous.
Jon Olson set a new American record for 100-miles on the track and then just as the year came to a close, Zach Bitter broke the record with an 11:47:21 but maybe even more important, Zach set a new World Record for 12-hours (101.66 miles) beating a Yiannis Kouros record. That does not happen very often! (Zach Bitter will be in the Christmas episode of Talk Ultra, Ep 51 out Dec 27th here)
I have already mention Kilian and the Matterhorn but it was so good I am mentioning it twice!
Timothy Olson went back to Western States and won again. You can win a race once but going back and doing it again is always a true sign of a champion.
Seb Chaigneau took a win and CR at Hardrock 100.
Nickademus Hollon became the youngest person ever to not only complete Barkley but also win it. You can listen to his interview on Talk Ultra here.
Julien Chorier produced a sublime and calculated performance at the super tough Ronda dels Cims. It was a joy and a pleasure to watch someone control and dominate a race from the front and look good all the way.
Sage Canaday, jeez I missed him out and he definitely deserves a mention for Bandera, Tarawera, Transvulcania (3rd), Lake Sonoma and Speedgoat 50k.
Francesca Canepa once again had an incredible year with a great performance at Ronda dels Cims but arguably a repeat win at Tor des Geants places her well and truly at the top on 'endurance' lady of the year!
Iker Karrera nailed Tor des Geants.
Ricky Lightfoot went over to South Africa and raced at The Otter and not only won but put the course record at a new level, in addition he won the IAU World Title in Wales.
Xavier Thevenard took everyone, including himself, by surprise at TNFUTMB with a controlled and impressive performance against some top competition.
Jez Bragg completed the Te Araroa in New Zealand. An incredible journey from the northern tip of New Zealand all the way down to the southern tip. Listen here.
David Johnston completed the Iditarod trail Invitational in 4 days 19 hours 13 mins.Crazy fast.
Ian Sharman and Nick Clark went head-to-head in the Grand Slam of Ultra Running and produced possibly the most exciting competition of 2013. The pair of them produced incredibly consistent performances and showed us all that it is possible to race four 100-milers back-to-back. They didn't only 'complete' but they competed. They both won a race and were never out of the front rankings. Ian Sharman ultimately had the icing on the cake with the overall fastest time and a new Grand Slam record. Respect! Interview with Ian Sharman here.
Paul Giblin at the West Highland Way race. 15:07 and good beating of Terry Conway's previous CR.
Stevie Kremer doesn't do ultras but she is a darn fine trail and mountain runner and what 'Pocket Rocket' achieved in 2013 is nothing short of miraculous. Can't wait to see what 2014 has in store.
Ed Catmur has continued to knock out some great 100-mile performances on the GB scene with wins at North Downs Way and the Winter 100.
Lizzie Wraith new female CR for the Lakeland 100 in the UK.
William Sichel keeps running and running crazy distances and setting new records.
Jonas Buud didn't win Comrades in 2013 but he ran one of the best paced races I've ever witnessed. He was way back in the late 30's and slowly moved up to 3rd. Wow! Notable mention to Brit ladies, Joanna Zakrezewski and Holly Rush who placed top-10.
Surprises of the Year
Rob Krar – Just one word sums up the bearded warrior 'Krarnage'.
Zach Miller – no, not Zach Miller, but Zach Miller. Zach rocked up at JFK50, nobody knew him and he didn't know anyone else. He took over the lead when Rob Krar dropped at mile 41. Not only did he win but also he set the 3rd fastest time ever. Interview with Zach here.
Xavier Thevenard – TNFUTMB was going to be won by Anton Krupicka, Miguel Heras, Julien Chorier, Seb Chaigneau or Mike Foote. Somebody should have told them all about CCC winner, Xavier.
Michele Yates – wow, what a first year in the ultra world.
Who and what to watch out for in 2014
Cameron Clayton has found his feet, 2013 had some mixed performances but when everything aligns he races with the best. His Transvulcania, UROC and TNF50 performances without doubt elevates him to 'hot' for 2014.
Luis Alberto Hernando pushed Kilian close at Transvulcania, Zegama, finished joint first at Trans D'havet and won at Cavalls del Vent. In 2014 he plans to race TNFUTMB, now that will be interesting.
Magdalena Boulet had an ultra debut at TNF50 and placed 2nd. This sub 2:30 marathon runner may turn a few heads in 2014.
Brit, Stuart Air may raise a few eyebrows in 2014. He had a solid Ronda dels Cims, Ice Trail Tarentaise and Tor des Geants and for 2014 he has a Hardrock 100 slot!
Hardrock 100 had it's draw and suddenly much of the WSER 'lottery' chat shifted focus to the field up at Silverton. The 2014 race is a classic in the making with Kilian Jornet, Sebastian Chaigneau, Julien Chorier, Joe Grant and more. Excited? Just a little.
The Skyrunning World Championships take place in Chamonix with runners from all over the world coming to race VK, SKY and ULTRA in one of the endurance capitals of the world.
Beards – the jury is out. Are beards fast or slow? Rob Krar, Timmy Olson and 'Clarky' are certainly great advocates for hairy running but Kilian, Cameron, Sage provide a strong counter argument. What are your thoughts?
A review of any year is going to be personal. Without doubt we will all have our own highlights and favourite moments, so, I would love to read your thoughts.
Please use the form below.
On a personal note, 2013 was an incredible year, I feel blessed with all the opportunities I have had. To witness many of the moments I write about is a great pleasure. Of course, it's nothing without you folks reading, looking at my photographs or listening to my podcast.
A very BIG thank you from me.
Happy Christmas and a wonderful 2014 awaits us all…
Photography from 2013 races HERE
IMAGES book HERE
Calendar HERE
Podcasts HERE
Posted in Uncategorized	| Tagged 100 miles, 12-hour, 2013, 2013 review, Andorra, Anton, barclay, Barkley, beards, bitter, Bosio, boulet, Bragg, cam clayton, Cameron Clayton, canazai, Canepa, catmur, centurion, Chamonix, Chorier, Clark, Comrades, dakota, davidjohnston, Diagonale des Fous, ed, ETR, Everest, FKT, foote, Francesca, giblin, Grand Slam, Grant, Hardrock, hardrock100, Heras, hollon, Holly, HR100, iau world title, Ice trail Tarentaise, Iditarord, ifs, Invitational, Jez, jfk, Joe Grant, johnston, Jonas Buud, Jones, jonolson, Jornet, Julien Chorier, Kilian, kouros, krar, krarnage, Kremer, Krupicka, lightfoot, magdalena, Matterhorn, MDS, michel, michelyates, miguel, mike, miller, Mont Blanc, Mountain, Nepal, nickademus, nickhollon, North Downs Way, Olson, pam, pamsmith, reunión, review, review of 2013, reviewof2013, ricky, rimtorim, rob, robkrar, Ronda dels Cims, rorybosio, rrr, Run Rabbit Run, Running, rush, sharman, sichel, Sky, Skyrunning, skyrunnner, smith, Stevie Kremer, Summits, SWS, TCC, Te Araroa, Thevenard, Timmy, tnf50, TNFUTMB, Tor des geants, tordesgeants, trail, Transvulcania, Ultra, ultra running in review 2013, Ultraks, uric, UTMB, UTWT, VK, web chaigneau, whw, william, winter100, wiser, world champs, World Record, xavier, yates, zach, zachbitter, zachmiller, Zakrezewski, zegam	| 12 Replies
Hole in the bucket!
Posted on November 3, 2012 by talkultra
Aagh, the bucket list! Is it a good thing or is it a bad thing? Some runners get so obsessed at ticking the races off and working through a list that they actually forget the most important thing; the experience.
I would much prefer to run for a lifetime with targets, goals and a 'to do' list than get it all over and done within five years and maybe not be able to run again through an injury.
So, to that end 'findarace' asked me what I considered to be the five best ultras in the UK. Now of course I am potentially opening a can of worms here. What one runner likes, another doesn't. So, instead of trying to second-guess and be politically correct I am going to list five that I would choose.
To clarify, it's all about experiences, views and challenges for me, so, you are not going to see a road ultra in this list as I don't think we have anything in the UK that could compete with Comrades. Had London to Brighton still been a road run, it would have almost certainly made the list. Also, your not going to see the GUCR (Grand Union Canal Race) at the risk of some abuse from those who 'love' this race I just personally think life is too short to run for hours and hours on a canal tow path. Also, distance isn't everything. I am not a distance snob and therefore for me, a good race is a good race, 30 miles, 50 miles or 100(+) miles makes no difference.
Here goes in chronological order:
January – The SPINE 268-mile non-stop across the Pennine Way HERE
Having said that distance isn't everything and then here I go with a ridiculous 268-mile race that takes place in January. yes, January. So, if distance wasn't enough you have to contend with cold weather, ice, snow, wind and whatever else the UK can throw at you. The appeal? Well this race is non-stop so it brings in a real element of tactics, endurance, planning and basically leave your brain at the door challenge.
Taking place on the entire Pennine Way it is arguably the most demanding National Trail in Britain. Beautiful, difficult and challenging it includes the Peak District, Cheviots, Yorkshire Dales and Northumberland National Park – finishing on the Scottish Borders.
Open to anyone with appropriate experience who wishes to test themselves and compete in a truly brutal race. The first edition was in 2012 and only 3 finished.
April – HIGHLAND FLING 53 miles HERE
The Highland Fling Ultra, is a trail race over the southern section of the famous West Highland Way Path (you can cover the full 95 miles in August in the West Highland Way race) Starting in Milngavie (close to Glasgow) and finishing in the scenic village of Tyndrum. The route is almost entirely on trails and thus traffic-free. Varied terrain and stunning scenery makes this a truly enjoyable experience.
In addition to the solo runners, there are club competitions, and a four-person relay race. All runners must be 21 years old or over (18 for the relay). 53 miles you must cover the distance within the 15-hour time limit and you must run unsupported, however, you are allowed drop bags at checkpoints.
June – UTSW 100 miles, 60 miles and 100m relays HERE
The UTSW is a brute… offering two distances at 60 and 100 miles believe me you are no wimp choosing the 60-mile option. The 100-mile race starts in Charlestown in the southwest corner of Cornwall. Heading east on the South West Coast Path crossing the beautiful Fowey estuary by ferry before continuing on to the to the quaint fishing town of Looe. Here you will leave the South West Coast Path for a while and head inland mostly following the Smugglers Way. Continuing north you will come to the famous Jamaica Inn. Bodmin Moor is the next obstacle.
If you plan on the 60-mile option, Bodmin is your start point. Brown Willy the highest point in Cornwall is the next landmark and then you have a cross county trek which comes to an end at Boscastle. Here you head west along the South West Coast Path to Tintage. Now heading west you will hit the Camel Estuary where a ferry will transport you across to Padstow. Padstow to Watergate Bay are the final 20 miles with a finish at the Watergate Bay Hotel. Don't underestimate this race! This course is brutal, beautiful and challenging.
July – Lakeland 100 and 50 HERE
For me, the Lakeland 100 and 50 is everything that an ultra should be. A challenging course, beautiful course, great organization and an iconic race. In it's short history the race has become possibly the premier 100 miler in the UK. Taking in a circular route of the English Lakes the race starts and finishes in Coniston. It is a navigation event but you are provided with a detailed route book and you are allowed GPS. For many participants, regular 'recces' are essential to ensure that race day runs smoothly. The 50-mile option starts half way around the 100-mile route and is a wonderful race it it's own right. In actual fact, I would almost tip my head towards the '50' as it can be raced and ultimately a more enjoyable experience may be obtained. It depends what you are after?
The route encompasses the whole of the Lakeland fells, it includes in the region of 6300m of ascent. The route is almost entirely on public bridleways and footpaths but does have one or two small sections of road to make connections with trail. The route takes in the Dunnerdale fells, Eskdale, Wasdale and Buttermere before arriving in Keswick. From here the route heads to Matterdale and continues over to Haweswater before returning via Kentmere, Ambleside and Elterwater to the finish at Coniston.
August – North Downs Way 100 and 50 HERE
The race begins in Farnham at the Western end of the North Downs and works its way through some of the best of the English countryside.
Key landmarks are: Puttenham, Guildford, Ronmore Common, Box Hill, Reigate Hill, Merstham, Oxted, Knockholt Pound, Wrotham, Holly Hill, Medway Bridge, Detling, Hollingbourne, Harrietsham and Charing before dropping down into Wye and the finish.
Organized by Centurion Running this race is part of a 'Grand Slam' based around the American system of 4 x 100 mile races in 1 year. The addition of 50 mile options makes this a great series of races and in comparison to UTSW and the Lakeland courses this is an ideal opportunity to tackle 50 or 100 trail miles over an 'easier' course.
Notable others:
West Highland Way (June) 95 miles
Ring of Fire (August) 131 miles in 3 days
Ridgeway (August) 85miles
Dragon's Back (September) 200 'ish' miles
And I could go on……
Posted in Uncategorized	| Tagged bucket list, Centurionrunning, Endurancelife, Find a race, findarace, Highland Fling, Lakeland 100, Lakeland 50, Montane, North Downs Way, spine, the spine ultra, trail, Ultra, Ultra Running, UTLD, UTSW, West Highland Way	| 1 Reply
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text:
La Dernière Tentation des Belges est une comédie belge écrite et réalisée par Jan Bucquoy et sortie en 2021.

Synopsis

Jan et sa fille, Marie, strip-teaseuse occasionnelle, sont au bord d'un précipice dans lequel elle veut se jeter. Jan lui raconte des histoires et, tant qu'il la distrait, elle ne sautera pas.

Fiche technique

 Titre original : La Dernière Tentation des Belges
 Réalisation : Jan Bucquoy
 Scénario : Jan Bucquoy
 Photographie : Michel Baudour
 Montage : Thijs Van Nuffel
 Musique : Marka
 Costumes : Audrey Wilmotte
 Pays d'origine : Belgique
 Langue originale : français, néerlandais
 Format : couleur
 Genre : comédie
 Durée :
 Dates de sortie :
 France :  (Festival international du film grolandais de Toulouse)

Distribution

 Wim Willaert : Jan
 Alice on the Roof : Marie
 Alex Vizorek :
 Noël Godin :
 Frédéric Jannin :
 Stephan Liberski :
 Marka :
 Alice Moons :
 Berthe Tanwo Njole : la femme noire
 André Stas :
 Freddy Tougaux :
 Laurence Vielle :

Inspiration
Jean Bucquoy a construit son film autour du suicide en 2008 de sa fille, Marie, une photographe qui commençait à se faire connaître.

Notes et références

Articles connexes

Liens externes

Film belge sorti en 2021
Comédie belge
Film en français

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The Department of Management Science serves the University in the areas of applied statistics, operations research, and quantitative methods for business.
The faculty members of the Department are committed to creating new knowledge through state of the art research, disseminating knowledge through excellence in teaching, and providing service to the profession, the University, and to the global community.
The faculty of the Department of Management Science take great pride in their teaching and list numerous "Excellence in Teaching" award winners among their ranks. The faculty teach a variety of courses at the undergraduate and graduate levels. The undergraduate curriculum is offered through a Bachelor of Science degree in business analytics. Graduate programs and specializations include the Master of Business Administration, the Master of Science in Business Analytics, and the PhD program.
The faculty members of the Department of Management Science maintain an active presence in the professional and business communities. Our faculty members serve in various positions in the American Statistical Association, the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences, the Decision Sciences Institute, and the American Institute for Quality. The faculty are also active within the University community serving on many committees, as student advisors, on the boards of various institutes and centers, as well as in the Faculty Senate. Finally, many faculty are actively involved with leading businesses and government agencies providing assistance in their decision making processes.


In 2016, the Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases (IMN) and the Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience (IINS) will be housed in a brand new building established in front of Neurocentre Magendie (NM). These three research institutes, each of them led by leading scientists in their field of research, will be spatially organized as a campus. The goal is to facilitate the mutualisation of the large equipments or facilitites. The strategic implantation in close vicinity from the University hospital of Bordeaux indicates the objective of the Neurocampus : to establish a synergy between basic and applied research.


In vehicular cyber-physical systems (CPS), safety info, together with vehicular speed and location info, is shared among vehicles via wireless waves at specific frequency. This helps management vehicle to alleviate traffic jam and road accidents. However, Doppler shift existing between vehicles with high relative speed causes an evident frequency shift for the received wireless wave, that consequently decreases the reliability of the recovered safety info and jeopardizes the protection of vehicular CPS. Passive confrontation of Doppler shift at the receiver side isn't applicable thanks to multiple Doppler shifts at each receiver. During this Project, we have a tendency to offer a proactive Doppler shift compensation algorithm based mostly on the probabilistic graphical model. Every vehicle pre-compensates its carrier frequency individually, so that there is no frequency shift from the specified carrier frequency between each try of transceiver. The pre-compensated offset for each vehicle is computed in a very distributed fashion in order to be adaptive to the distributed and dynamic topology of vehicular CPS. Besides, the updating procedure is intended during a broadcasting fashion to reduce communication burden. It's rigorously proved that the proposed algorithm is convergence guaranteed even for systems with packet drops and random communication delays. Simulations based on real map and transportation information verify the accuracy and convergence property of the proposed algorithm. It's shown that this methodology achieves nearly the optimal frequency compensation accuracy with a slip approaching the Cramér-Rao lower certain.