text:
California churches defy state orders amid Supreme Court ruling in NY
'If there's an attempt to close me down, we'll see you at the Supreme Court,' Sacramento pastor says
Marlei Martinez
CALIFORNIA CHURCHES. >> HELLO. I'M NAME IS SAMUEL RODRIGUEZ, I AM THE LEAD PASTOR OF THE MOST WONDERFUL CHURCH ON THE PLANET. >> The Reporter: PASTOR SAM SAYS HE'S NOT BACKING DOWN FROM THIS STAGE ANY TIME SOON. >> WE'RE COMING TO YOU LIVE FROM SACRAMENTO. >>> THE PASTOR OF NEW SEASON WORSHIP SAYS HIS FAITH IS STRENGTHENED, AFTER THE SUPREME COURT RULED IN FAVOR OF CHURCHES IN NEW YORK, AND HE BELIEVES THAT WILL PAVE THE ROAD, ALLOWING CALIFORNIA CHURCHES TO STAY OPEN FOR INDOOR WORSHIP, IN DEFIANCE OF STATE ORDERS. >> HALLELUJAH , PRAISE THE LORD AND ONE MORE HALLELUJAH. THE REPORTER: LAST MONTH, GOVERNOR NEWSOM ORDERED MOST CALIFORNIA COUNTIES ROLLED BACK TO THE MOST RESTRICTIVE PURPLE TIER, WHERE CHURCHES CAN ONLY OPERATE OUTDOORS. MASS TORE SAM SAYS THAT'S DISCRIMINATION. >> YOU CAN'T KEEP LIQUOR STORES, CANNABIS STORES OPEN WHILE DEEMING CHURCHES ARE NOT SUBSTANTIAL. THE REPORTER: PASTOR SAM SAYS HE'S KEEPING HIS DOORS OPEN WITH HEALTH PROTOCOLS IN PLACE, LIKE DISTANCING, MASKING, AND CHECKING TEMPERATURES. ONE RELIGIOUS FREEDOM ATTORNEY EXPECTS TO SEE MANY MORE CHURCHES DEFY STATE ORDER DEAN BOYLES IS THE LEA COUNSEL REPRESENTING CROSS-CULTURAL CHRISTIA CENTER, ASKING TO STAY OPEN IN THE SPRING. A JUDGE IS TAKING ANOTHER RULING, IN LIGHT OF THE SUPREME COURT'S RULING. >> THE SUPREME COURT RULING LAST WEEK IS A REAL GAME CHANGER AND THE COURT BASICALLY AFFIRMED WHAT WE'VE BEEN ARGUING SINCE DAY ONE, AND THAT SAID THE PANDEMIC, THE VIRUS ITSELF DOES NOT SUSPEND OUR FUNDAMENTAL CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS. >> The Reporter: CONSTITUTIONAL LAW EXPERT LESLIE JACOBS SAYS SHE CAN SEE WHY HOUSES OF WORSHIP ARE CELEBRATING, THE HIGH COURT'S 5-4 RULING. >> CLEARLY, AN ATTITUDE THAT IT IS SEES THE CONSTITUTION AS PROTECTING RELIGIOUS LIBERTY TO A VERY STRONG EXTENT. >> The Reporter: BUT SHE ADDS, THAT IT'S NOT A FOREGONE CONCLUSION. HOW THE JUSTICES WOULD RULE IN CALIFORNIA CASE. >> ALL OF THESE CASES ARE FACT SPECIFIC. AND SO, THE ORDER IN NEW YORK WAS IMPORTANTLY DIFFERENT THAN THE RULES THAT APPLY IN CALIFORNIA. >> The Reporter: IN THE MEANTIME, THE CALIFORNIA FAMILY COUNCIL A FAITH BASED ORGANIZATION, THAT LOBBIES FOR THOUSANDS OF CHURCHES, IS CELEBRATING A WIN. >> THE FIRST AMENDMENT IS FIRST FOR A REASON. IF COSTCO AND BEST BUY AND OTHER PLACES CAN OPERATE SAFELY, UNDER THE RESTRICTIONS, THEN CHURCHES SHOULD BE ABLE TO DO THAT AS WELL. >>> IN SAC
"Hallelujah, hallelujah, hallelujah," said Pastor Sam Rodriguez. Rodriguez is the lead pastor of New Season Worship in Sacramento. He said he is celebrating what he calls a win for religious freedom after the U.S. Supreme Court last week barred New York from enforcing certain limits on attendance at churches and synagogues in areas designated as hard hit by COVID-19. "Praise the Lord," he said. Rodriguez is praying that the ruling paves the way for churches in California to stay open despite state orders. Last month, Gov. Gavin Newsom rolled back the majority of California counties to the most restrictive 'purple' tier which means most churches can no longer hold services inside. "It's a serious virus taking many lives. With that being said, you can't discriminate," Rodriguez said. "You can keep liquor stores, cannabis shops open while deeming that churches are not essential. Getting high and getting drunk is essential, but coming together and worshiping is not essential? Absolutely absurd."Some health experts have countered that the analogy is misleading because singing at churches and longer time spent indoors seated instead of moving makes for a different experience than shopping at a store.While churches in Sacramento County cannot operate inside under the state order, Rodriguez said he is keeping his doors open with health protocols in place like distancing between families, wearing masks and checking temperatures. He said he takes the novel coronavirus very seriously after he and his entire family contracted the virus during the summer from a close family friend who traveled from Texas. One of his daughters ended up in the ICU. "I'm not that kind of pastor that's out there going like, 'Hey, let's go in and gather. No mask. C'mon, let's do this.' No! I find that to be irresponsible," he said. "There's a practical, pragmatic, middle-of-the-road solution, which is let's apply every CDC recommendation, but don't shut me down if you're not going to shut other things down. It's just not right. It's discrimination."While Rodriguez said he is taking the pandemic seriously, he said as the pastor of his church, there is a vital reason that the congregation must be allowed to gather in person. "We get calls about domestic abuse, child abuse, about addiction now that was not there before in certain families," he said. "Churches are essential. Locking them down is producing so many long-term negative consequences."Rodriguez shut down indoor worship during the first state mandate and then reopened when Sacramento County got the green light. But after the county rolled back to the purple tier, the most restrictive reopening tier, in November, Rodriguez said he refuses to close again. "If there's an attempt to close me down: We'll see you at the Supreme Court," he said.One constitutional attorney in California expects to see many more churches defy state orders. "The Supreme Court's ruling last week is a real game changer. And the court basically affirmed what we've been arguing since Day One, and that's that the pandemic, the virus itself, does not suspend our fundamental constitutional rights," said Dean Broyles.Dean Broyles is the lead counsel representing Cross Culture Christian Center in Lodi that filed a lawsuit in the spring in an attempt to stay open. A judge denied that request in May. But Broyles said a judge is taking another look and asked for additional briefing on the impact of the Supreme Court's New York ruling on Monday. While the state has filed a motion to dismiss, Broyles said he plans to amend the complaint and continue fighting in court. Another California church is already appealing to the Supreme Court. On Tuesday, the Liberty Counsel filed the final reply brief on behalf of Harvest Rock Church and Harvest International Ministry that have campuses across the state including Pasadena, Los Angeles, Irvine and Corona. The group filed a lawsuit against Governor Newsom for what it calls an "unconstitutional worship ban and discriminatory treatment." According to the Liberty Counsel, Justice Elena Kagan issued an order to Newsom to respond to the churches' request. In a statement, Liberty Counsel Founder and Chairman Mat Staver said, "Governor Gavin Newsom's 'color-coded executive edicts' violate the freedom to worship, which is protected in the First Amendment. No pastor, church, or parishioner in America should have to choose between worship and prison. This discrimination must stop." Constitutional law expert Leslie Jacobs said she can see why houses of worship are celebrating the high court's 5-4 ruling. "Clearly an attitude that sees the Constitution as protecting religious liberty to a very strong extent," she said. Jacobs added that it is not a foregone conclusion how the justices would rule in a California case. "All of these cases are fact specific. And so the order in New York was importantly different than the rules that apply in California," she said. In the meantime, the California Family Council, a faith-based organization that lobbies for thousands of churches, is celebrating what it calls a win. "The First Amendment is first for a reason. And no city, no state, not even the federal government should be treating people of faith and houses of worship differently than other essential businesses," said CEO Jonathan Keller. "If Costco and Best Buy and other places can operate safely under the restrictions, then churches should be able to do that as well."At New Season, Pastor Rodriguez said he would prefer a complete statewide shutdown over activity-specific closures. "If everything is shut down, alright, it is what it is. But when you discriminate and choose and pick and you exclude churches, that's discrimination," he said. "The Supreme Court ruled the right way, and I do believe that current legal challenges coming from California regarding Gov. Newsom's totalitarian decrees, our rights will be upheld at the Supreme Court in light of what happened in New York."Meanwhile, Los Angeles County's stricter lockdown took effect on Monday, which bans most gatherings. However, the health order said faith-based services and protests are exempt since they are "constitutionally protected rights." The health department announced the new order a day after the Supreme Court's ruling on churches in New York. KCRA 3 reached out to Newsom's office for a comment but has not yet heard back."Positive cases are rising at unprecedented levels," the California Department of Public Health said in a statement. "With 52 of 58 California counties in the purple tier, the state is urging Californians to continue to do everything they can to protect themselves and the community from increased transmission of the virus."The agency said that social and business settings where people gather "increase the likelihood of spread in our vulnerable and high risk settings, and lead to further disproportionate impacts on our essential worker populations."It also pointed to guidance for places of worship on its website.
"Hallelujah, hallelujah, hallelujah," said Pastor Sam Rodriguez.
Rodriguez is the lead pastor of New Season Worship in Sacramento. He said he is celebrating what he calls a win for religious freedom after the U.S. Supreme Court last week barred New York from enforcing certain limits on attendance at churches and synagogues in areas designated as hard hit by COVID-19.
"Praise the Lord," he said.
Rodriguez is praying that the ruling paves the way for churches in California to stay open despite state orders. Last month, Gov. Gavin Newsom rolled back the majority of California counties to the most restrictive 'purple' tier which means most churches can no longer hold services inside.
"It's a serious virus taking many lives. With that being said, you can't discriminate," Rodriguez said. "You can keep liquor stores, cannabis shops open while deeming that churches are not essential. Getting high and getting drunk is essential, but coming together and worshiping is not essential? Absolutely absurd."
Some health experts have countered that the analogy is misleading because singing at churches and longer time spent indoors seated instead of moving makes for a different experience than shopping at a store.
While churches in Sacramento County cannot operate inside under the state order, Rodriguez said he is keeping his doors open with health protocols in place like distancing between families, wearing masks and checking temperatures. He said he takes the novel coronavirus very seriously after he and his entire family contracted the virus during the summer from a close family friend who traveled from Texas. One of his daughters ended up in the ICU.
"I'm not that kind of pastor that's out there going like, 'Hey, let's go in and gather. No mask. C'mon, let's do this.' No! I find that to be irresponsible," he said. "There's a practical, pragmatic, middle-of-the-road solution, which is let's apply every CDC recommendation, but don't shut me down if you're not going to shut other things down. It's just not right. It's discrimination."
While Rodriguez said he is taking the pandemic seriously, he said as the pastor of his church, there is a vital reason that the congregation must be allowed to gather in person.
"We get calls about domestic abuse, child abuse, about addiction now that was not there before in certain families," he said. "Churches are essential. Locking them down is producing so many long-term negative consequences."
Rodriguez shut down indoor worship during the first state mandate and then reopened when Sacramento County got the green light. But after the county rolled back to the purple tier, the most restrictive reopening tier, in November, Rodriguez said he refuses to close again.
"If there's an attempt to close me down: We'll see you at the Supreme Court," he said.
One constitutional attorney in California expects to see many more churches defy state orders.
"The Supreme Court's ruling last week is a real game changer. And the court basically affirmed what we've been arguing since Day One, and that's that the pandemic, the virus itself, does not suspend our fundamental constitutional rights," said Dean Broyles.
Dean Broyles is the lead counsel representing Cross Culture Christian Center in Lodi that filed a lawsuit in the spring in an attempt to stay open. A judge denied that request in May. But Broyles said a judge is taking another look and asked for additional briefing on the impact of the Supreme Court's New York ruling on Monday. While the state has filed a motion to dismiss, Broyles said he plans to amend the complaint and continue fighting in court.
Another California church is already appealing to the Supreme Court. On Tuesday, the Liberty Counsel filed the final reply brief on behalf of Harvest Rock Church and Harvest International Ministry that have campuses across the state including Pasadena, Los Angeles, Irvine and Corona. The group filed a lawsuit against Governor Newsom for what it calls an "unconstitutional worship ban and discriminatory treatment." According to the Liberty Counsel, Justice Elena Kagan issued an order to Newsom to respond to the churches' request.
In a statement, Liberty Counsel Founder and Chairman Mat Staver said, "Governor Gavin Newsom's 'color-coded executive edicts' violate the freedom to worship, which is protected in the First Amendment. No pastor, church, or parishioner in America should have to choose between worship and prison. This discrimination must stop."
Constitutional law expert Leslie Jacobs said she can see why houses of worship are celebrating the high court's 5-4 ruling.
"Clearly an attitude that sees the Constitution as protecting religious liberty to a very strong extent," she said.
Jacobs added that it is not a foregone conclusion how the justices would rule in a California case.
"All of these cases are fact specific. And so the order in New York was importantly different than the rules that apply in California," she said.
In the meantime, the California Family Council, a faith-based organization that lobbies for thousands of churches, is celebrating what it calls a win.
"The First Amendment is first for a reason. And no city, no state, not even the federal government should be treating people of faith and houses of worship differently than other essential businesses," said CEO Jonathan Keller. "If Costco and Best Buy and other places can operate safely under the restrictions, then churches should be able to do that as well."
At New Season, Pastor Rodriguez said he would prefer a complete statewide shutdown over activity-specific closures.
"If everything is shut down, alright, it is what it is. But when you discriminate and choose and pick and you exclude churches, that's discrimination," he said. "The Supreme Court ruled the right way, and I do believe that current legal challenges coming from California regarding Gov. Newsom's totalitarian decrees, our rights will be upheld at the Supreme Court in light of what happened in New York."
Meanwhile, Los Angeles County's stricter lockdown took effect on Monday, which bans most gatherings. However, the health order said faith-based services and protests are exempt since they are "constitutionally protected rights." The health department announced the new order a day after the Supreme Court's ruling on churches in New York.
KCRA 3 reached out to Newsom's office for a comment but has not yet heard back.
"Positive cases are rising at unprecedented levels," the California Department of Public Health said in a statement. "With 52 of 58 California counties in the purple tier, the state is urging Californians to continue to do everything they can to protect themselves and the community from increased transmission of the virus."
The agency said that social and business settings where people gather "increase the likelihood of spread in our vulnerable and high risk settings, and lead to further disproportionate impacts on our essential worker populations."
It also pointed to guidance for places of worship on its website.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


2016-2017 | CNRS stint, Brain Plasticity Unit.
Emge D.K., Vialatte F.B., Dreyfus G., Adalı T., Independent Vector Analysis for SSVEP Signal Enhancement, Detection, and Topographical Mapping. Brain Topography, 2016, in press.
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Mora Sánchez A., Gaume A., Dreyfus G., Vialatte F.B., A Cognitive Brain-Computer Interface Prototype For The Continusous Monitoring Of Visual Working Memory Load. 25th IEEE MLSP international workshop, September 17-20, Boston, USA, 2015.
Emge D.K., Vialatte F.B., Dreyfus G., Adali T., Independent vector analysis for SSVEP signal enhancement, CISS 49th conference, 18-20 March, Baltimore, MD, USA, 2015.
Abbasi M.A., Gaume A., Francis N., Dreyfus G., Vialatte F.B., Fast Calibration of a Thirteen-command BCI by Simulating SSVEPs from Trains of Transient VEPs – Towards Time-domain SSVEP BCI Paradigms. 7th International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering, Montpellier, France, April 22-24 2015.
Gaume A., Abbasi M.A., Dreyfus G., Vialatte F.-B., Towards Cognitive BCI : Neural Correlates of Sustained Attention in a Continuous Performance Task. 7th International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering, Montpellier, France, April 22-24 2015.
Thorey J., Adibpour P., Tomita Y., Gaume A., Bakardjian H., Dreyfus G., Vialatte F.B. Fast BCI calibration Comparing methods to adapt BCI systems for new subjects. Proc. NCTA 2012, Barcelona, Spain.
Hiyoshi-Taniguchi K., Kawasaki M., Yokota T., Bakardjian H., Fukuyama H., Vialatte F.B., and Cichocki A. EEG alpha range dynamics and emotional judgments of face and voices. Proc. NCTA 2012, Barcelona, Spain.
Rathi A., Zhang X., Vialatte F. FPGA implementation of SOBI to perform BSS in real time. Proc. NCTA 2012, Barcelona, Spain.
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Elgendi M., Vialatte F., Constable M., Dauwels J. Immersive neurofeedback : a new paradigm. NCTA conference proceedings, INSTICC, Lieusaint, Paris, France, 24-26 October 2011.
Hiyoshi-Taniguchi K., Vialatte F.B., Kawasaki M., Fukuyama H., Cichocki A. Neurodynamics of emotional judgments in the human brain. NCTA conference proceedings, INSTICC, Lieusaint, Paris, France, 24-26 October 2011.
Elgendi M., Vialatte F., Cichocki A., Dauwels J. Optimization of EEG Frequency Bands for Improved Diagnosis of Alzheimer Disease. 33rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC '11), Boston, MA, August 30-September 3, 2011.
Vialatte F.B., Maurice M., Tanaka T., Yamaguchi Y., Cichocki A. Analyzing Steady State Visual Evoked Potentials Using Blind Source Separation. Proc. APSIPA Annual Summit and Conference 2010 (APSIPA 2010), December 14-17, Biopolis, Singapore.
Vialatte F.B., Latchoumane C.F.V., Hudson N., Wimalaratna S., Solé-Casals J., Jeong J., Cichocki A. Sparse bump modeling of mildAD patients : Modeling Transient Oscillations in the EEG of Patients with Mild Alzheimer's Disease. Proceedings of the 3rd conference on Bio-inspired Systems and Signal Processing, Barcelona, Spain, 20-23 january 2010.
Solé-Casals J., Vialatte F., Pantel J., Prvulovic D., Haenschel C., Cichocki A. ICA cleaning procedure for EEG signals analysis : Application to Alzheimer's Disease Detection. Proceedings of the 3rd conference on Bio-inspired Systems and Signal Processing, Barcelona, Spain, 20-23 january 2010.
Dauwels J., Vialatte F., Latchoumane C., Jeong J., Cichocki A. EEG Synchrony Analysis for Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease : A Study with Several Synchrony Measures and EEG Data Sets. Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE EMBS, 2009, 1:2224-7.
Vialatte F.B., Solé-Casals J., Hazart A., Prvulovic D., Dauwels J., Pantel J., Haenschel C., Cichocki A. Modeling transient oscillations in the EEG of patients with mild cognitive impairment. ICCN 2009, Hangzhou, China, Nov. 15-19 2009, Springer, in press.
Dauwels J., Vialatte F.B., Cichocki A. On the Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease from EEG Signals : A Mini-Review. ICCN 2009, Nov. 15-19 2009, Hangzhou, China, Nov. 15-19 2009, Springer, in press.
Hazart A., Vialatte F., Cichocki A. Analysis of EEG time series recorded from Alzheimer patients based on their spectral content. ICCN 2009, Nov. 15-19 2009, Hangzhou, China, Nov. 15-19 2009, Springer, in press.
Latchoumane C.F.V, Vialatte F.B., Jeong J., Cichocki A. EEC Classification of Mild and Severe Alzheimer's Disease using Parallel Factor Analysis Method (PARAFAC Decomposition of Spectral-Spatial Characteristics of EEG Time Series) Advances in Electrical Engineering and Computational Science, Edited by Ao S.I., Gelman L. Springer 2009:705-715.
Vialatte F.B., Maurice M., Dauwels J., Cichocki A. Steady State Visual Evoked Potentials in the Delta Range (0.5-5 Hz). 15th International Conference on Neural Information Processing, ICONIP, Auckland, New Zealand, November 25-28 2008. ICONIP 2008, LNCS, Part I, 5506:399–406, published in 2009.
Vialatte F.B., Dauwels J., Solé-Casals J., Maurice M., Cichocki A.Improved Sparse Bump Modeling for Electrophysiological Data. 15th International Conference on Neural Information Processing, ICONIP, Auckland, New Zealand, November 25-28 2008 ICONIP 2008, LNCS, Part I, 5506:224-231, published in 2009.
Vialatte F.B., Solé-Casals J., Maurice M., Latchoumane C., Hudson N., Wimalaratna S., Jeong J., Andrzej C. Improving the Quality of EEG Data in Patients With Alzheimers Disease Using ICA 15th International Conference on Neural Information Processing, ICONIP, Auckland, New Zealand, November 25-28 2008 ICONIP 2008, LNCS, Part II, 5507:979–986, published in 2009.
Vialatte F., Dauwels J., Rutkowski T.M., Cichocki A. Oscillatory Event Synchrony During Steady State Visual Evoked Potentials. Advances in Cognitive Neurodynamics, Edited by Wang R, Gu F, Shen E, Springer 2008:439-442.
Dauwels J., Weber T., Vialatte F., Cichocki A. Quantifying the Similarity of Multiple Multi-Dimensional Point Processes by Integer Programming with Application to Early diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease from EEG. EMBS proceedings 2008.
Latchoumane C.-F.V., Vialatte F., Cichocki A., Jeong J. Multiway analysis of Alzheimer's disease : classification based on space-frequency characteristics of EEG time series. WCE proceedings 2008.
Dauwels J., Rutkowski T.M., Vialatte F., Cichocki A. On the synchrony of empirical mode decompositions with application to electroencephalography. 33rd IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA, March 30 - April 4, 2008. Proc. IEEE ICASSP2008, 473-476.
Solé-Casals J., Vialatte F., Chen Z., Cichocki A. Investigation of ICA algorithms for feature extraction of EEG signals in discrimination of Alzheimer disease. International Conference on Bio-inspired systems and signal processing, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal, January 28-31 2008 Proc. Biosignals'08.
Dauwels J., Vialatte F., Rutkowski T.M., Cichocki A. Measuring Neural Synchrony by Message Passing. In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 20, Edited by Platt J, Koller D, Singer Y, Roweis S, Cambridge, MA : MIT Press 2008:361-368.
Dauwels J., Rutkowski T.M., Vialatte F., Cichocki A. On the synchronization of empirical mode decomposition with application to electroencephalography MBC'07 Workshop, Whistler, December 7-9 2007.
Dauwels J., Vialatte F., Cichocki A. On Synchrony Measures for the Detection of Alzheimer's Disease based on EEG. 14th International Conference on Neural Information Processing, ICONIP, Kita Kyushu, Japan, November 13-16 2007. LNCS 4989:112-125.
Vialatte F., Solé-Casals J., Cichocki A. EEG windowed statistical wavelet deviation for estimation of muscular artifacts. 32nd IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP, Honolulu, USA, April 15 - 20, 2007. Proc IEEE ICASSP 2007, IV:1161-1164.
Dauwels J., Vialatte F., Cichocki A. A novel measure for synchrony and its application to neural signals. 32nd IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP, Honolulu, USA, April 15 - 20, 2007. Proc IEEE ICASSP 2007, IV:1165-1168.
Vialatte F., Cichocki A. Sparse Bump Sonification : a New Tool for Multichannel EEG Diagnosis of Mental Disorders ; Application to the Detection of the Early Stage of Alzheimer's Disease. 13th International Conference on Neural Information Processing, ICONIP, Hong Kong, China, October 3-6 2006. LNCS 4234:92-101.
Rutkowski T.M., Vialatte F., Cichocki A., Mandic D.P., Barros A.K. Auditory Feedback for Brain Computer Interface Management - An EEG Data Sonification Approach -. 10th International Conference on Knowledge-Based & Intelligent Information & Engineering Systems, KES 2006, Bournemouth, UK, October 9-11 2006. LNAI 4253:1232-1239.
Astolfi L., Cincotti F., Mattia D., Babiloni F., Grazia Marciani M., De Vico Fallani F., Mattiocco M., Miwakeichi F., Yamaguchi Y., Martinez P., Salinari S., Tocci A., Bakardjian H., Vialatte F.B., Cichocki A. Removal of ocular artifacts for high resolution EEG studies : a simulation study 28th IEEE Conference of the Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS, New York City, USA, August 30 - September 3 2006. Proc IEEE EMBS 2006, 976 - 979.
Vialatte F., Cichocki A., Dreyfus G., Musha T., Rutkowski T., Gervais R. Blind source separation and sparse bump modelling of time frequency representation of EEG signals : New tools for early detection of Alzheimer's disease. IEEE Workshop on Machine Learning for Signal Processing 2005, Mystic CT, USA, September 28-30. Proc. IEEE MLSP 2005.
Vialatte F.B., Neurofeedback et approche dimensionnelle : vers une « EEGcopée » sur le modèle de la pharmacopée ? 2ème journée nationale sur le neurofeedback, ESPCI Paris, France, January 2017.
Vialatte F.B., Towards cognitive brain-computer interfaces. University of Vic, 1st Biomedical Day, 2015, Vic, Spain.
Vialatte F.B., Neurodynamics at the early stage of Alzheimer's disease. 20th Neuromeeting, Beaune, France, 26-29 January 2011.
Vialatte F.B., Dauwels J., Dreyfus G. Bumps, BSS, synchrony and Alzheimer. The Learning workshop, Fort Lauderdale, FL, April 13-16, 2011.
Vialatte F.B. Neurodynamics of EEG at the single trial level. EPFL, Lausanne, Suisse, May. 18th, 2010.
Vialatte F.B. Alzheimer's Disease Local and Large-Scale Brain Dynamics. Universitad de Vic, Vic, Spain, Jan. 18th, 2010.
Vialatte F.B. Alzheimer's Disease, Analysis of Cognitive Processes. Bangor University, Cognitive Neuroscience Colloquium series, Jan. 15th, 2010, Bangor, UK.
Vialatte F.B., Latchoumane C.F., Dauwels J., Maurice M., Jeong J., Cichocki A. Alzheimer's Disease – Local and Large-Scale Brain Dynamics, European Winter Conference on Brain Research, Les Menuires, France, March 7-14 2009.
Dauwels J., Vialatte F., Weber T., Cichocki A. Analyzing Brain Signals by Combinatorial Optimization. Proceedings of the 46th Annual Allerton Conference, September 23-26, 2008, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA.
Vialatte F., Cichocki A., Dreyfus G., Musha T., Shishkin S.L., Gervais R. Early Detection of Alzheimer's Disease by Blind Source Separation, Time Frequency Representation, and Bump Modeling of EEG Signals. International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks 2005, Warsaw, Poland, September 11-15 2005. LNCS 3696:683-692.


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text:
Art / Valentine's Day
What Becomes of the Broken-Hearted?
For those dealing with a break-up this Valentine's Day, the secret to getting over your ex might just lie in art. Emily Spicer discusses the wounded, explorative and downright dirty responses of artists to being dumped.
Allison L Wade, Break-Up Text Painting: Prescription, 2014
Courtesy Rick Wester Fine Art, New York
Romantic love is probably the most celebrated of human experiences, but what do we do when it all goes wrong? How do we deal with the end of a relationship? For some, the answer is obvious. Take your broken heart and make it into art, as Carrie Fisher once said. It seems there is no better therapy for the break-up blues than displaying the spoils of your failed affaire du cœur for all to see.
When French artist Sophie Calle was dumped by email she was dumbfounded by the stinging relationship sign-off. After a page of emotional self-indulgence, it ended "Take care of yourself." Unsure of how to respond, she showed the letter to friends in search of advice and, in doing so, hit upon an idea. She distributed the email to 107 female professionals to ask them to analyse the text according to their specialities. Her ex's manners were torn apart by an etiquette consultant and his grammar examined and corrected by a copy editor.
The message was also psychoanalysed, performed by a singer, shot at by a markswoman and transformed into a crossword. The results formed a work that became a major attraction at the French pavilion of the 2007 Venice Biennale. Aside from the critical acclaim Calle received, the process of offering her ex's parting words to other women to dissect must have had a cathartic effect. No doubt, repetition deadened the power of the words, and the project, she said, "replaced the man".
Allison L Wade, Break-Up Text Painting: Thanks for Your Consideration, 2014<. Private Collection, New York; courtesy Rick Wester Fine Art, New York
"All of these artworks have loss at their centre, but hope in their realization"
Calle is not the only artist to turn insensitive break-up messages into art. Allison L Wade trawled her phone for end-of-relationship texts and transformed them into brightly coloured paintings. Some are ironic. "I appreciate the passive aggressive sarcastic tone." Some are amusingly nonchalant. "Sorry I have been out of touch this week. There was a snow storm and I have been watching movies." Others are aggressive, morose or desperate. It is undeniably brave to reproduce the bitter dying words of a romance for public consumption, but they are sentiments that most people will be able to relate to. And in turning these impersonal electronic communications into something enduring and pleasing to look at, Wade has removed the sting from the words.
For a short while artist and satirist Miriam Elia was in a relationship with Turner Prize winner Martin Creed, but when the romance ended she was devastated. To deal with the pain, she decided to set pen to paper and write down how she was feeling. On reading her heartfelt words, she found her account so clichéd that it made her laugh, so she sent a version to the gossip magazine Take a Break, parodying their signature style and peppering the text with witty references to Creed's works.
"He giggled and I found him instantly attractive," it reads, "the light bulb was switched on… He was building an installation in my heart." The magazine rejected the piece on the basis that it was not "harrowing enough", but the Saatchi gallery in London took up the mantle and published the article on its website. Elia then turned the work, entitled I Fell in Love with a Conceptual Artist and It Was Totally Meaningless, into a performance piece at a deconsecrated church, with candles, a smoke machine and a crooning choir. The article mock-up, which has Elia's photograph at its centre—the word "faith" printed across her hoody—was displayed high up as a huge banner, transforming Elia into a modern-day medieval icon; a comic martyr to love.
Proust Volumes, The Museum of Broken Relationships
Photo by Ana Opalić
Making art to commemorate (or alleviate) a break-up doesn't have to be a solo affair. When film producer Olinka Vištica and sculptor Dražen Grubišić separated and started to divide their belongings, they joked that they should set up a museum to house all the objects that were left over from their time together. Three years later they realized their idea as an "art concept" and asked friends to donate their own remnants of past relationships. The collection grew and was shown as part of the 41st Zagreb Salon in 2006, before going on a world tour, where members of the public anonymously donated their own fragments of romances past with a short story explaining the item's significance.
An Exe Axe, The Museum of Broken Relationships
The museum now has a permanent home in Zagreb and a sister museum in LA. Members of the public continue to give objects to the collection, odds and ends that have too much meaning to be thrown away, but are too painful to keep. Relinquishing old love tokens and reminders of happy hours spent in the company of ex-lovers must be a purging exercise, a ritual act that can provide solace.
"It is undeniably brave to reproduce the bitter dying words of a romance for public consumption"
There is a dog-eared collection of novels by Proust on display, which were read by an Oxford man to his girlfriend on a romantic beach holiday. When they separated, Proust's presence on the bookshelf was a constant reminder of what had been lost, and the museum offered the perfect solution—a new home for old memories. Other items, however, are symbols of the bitter aftermath of breakups. The collection includes an axe bought by a woman after her girlfriend left her to go on holiday with a new love. It was used to destroy all of the furniture that was left behind.
All of these artworks have loss at their centre, but hope in their realization. They are acts of healing and sharing that everyone can relate to. Creating something new from a bad experience is a tried and tested therapy. And it reminds us that, as TS Eliot once said, "the end is just the beginning".


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Robert George: Beyond Gay Marriage
by Robert P. George 8 . 2 . 06
For years, critics of the idea of same-sex "marriage" have made the point that accepting the proposition that two persons of the same sex can marry each other entails abandoning any principled basis for understanding marriage as the union of two and only two persons. So far as I am aware, our opponents have made no serious effort to answer or rebut this point. Their strategy has been to dismiss it as a mere slippery-slope argument (although the truth is that it is a more fundamental type of argument than that) and to accuse us of engaging in "scare tactics." Some have even denounced us as "bigots" for suggesting that same-sex relations are on a par with polygamy and "polyamory"—the union of three or more persons in a sexual partnership.
That was then; this is now.
A group of self-identified "lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender and allied activists, scholars, educators, writers, artists, lawyers, journalists, and community organizers" has released a statement explicitly endorsing "committed, loving households in which there is more than one conjugal partner." Got that? More than one conjugal partner .
The people putting out this statement are not fringe figures. The more than 300 signatories include feminist icon Gloria Steinem, NYU sociologist Judith Stacey, Columbia University anthropologist Elizabeth Povinelli, Georgetown law professors Robin West and Chai Feldblum, the Rev. Cecil Charles Prescod of Love Makes a Family Inc., Yale law professor Kenji Yoshino, Princeton religion professor Cornel West, writer Barbara Ehrenreich, and Pat Clark, former executive director of the Fellowship of Reconciliation.
The statement—titled "Beyond Gay Marriage"—lays out with remarkable candor and clarity the agenda of their movement. They have said what very few "gay marriage" advocates have heretofore been willing to reveal for fear that it would alienate people who might otherwise be persuaded to support same-sex "marriage" on the theory that "love makes a family." These are people who do not want to change the meaning of marriage or undermine the institution, but who might be open to the idea of "extending" marriage to "committed, loving same-sex couples."
In acknowledging that under the doctrine of "love makes a family," what applies to "committed, loving same-sex couples" must apply to "committed, loving households in which there is more than one conjugal partner," the signatories to "Beyond Gay Marriage" exhibit the virtues of intellectual honesty and logical consistency.
And they let the cat out of the bag. What lies "beyond gay marriage" are multiple sex partners.
The choice facing us as a nation is this: Either we retain as legally normative the traditional conjugal understanding of marriage as the exclusive union of one man and one woman, or we give legal standing and public approbation to every form of consensual sexual partnering and child rearing, including polygamy and polyamory. Just ask those notable "lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and allied activists, scholars educators, writers, artists, lawyers, journalists, and community organizers." They'll tell you exactly what lies "beyond gay marriage." They already have.
(Access contributors' biographies by clicking here .)
Articles by Robert P. George
@McCormickProf


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SAN DIEGO — The military planes and helicopters that roar on training runs over this city's crystalline bay are a reminder of how deeply woven the armed forces are into the fabric of freshman Rep. Scott Peters' congressional district.
The question of whether the United States should intervene in Syria looms large here. Dotted with seven bases for the Navy, Marines and U.S. Coast Guard, the district is home to voters who have a profound understanding of the need for military force, a deep pride in their region's role in keeping the nation safe — and an intimate awareness of the toll of war.
It also looms large for Peters, a Democratic former city councilman who eked out a victory last November in an election in which Syria was an afterthought, if that.
"This is certainly the toughest thing I have faced in my eight months in Congress," he said during a telephone town hall Thursday night with thousands of his constituents.
Peters initially planned to hold a conference call about education during the final days of the congressional recess. But his office heard from so many concerned about possible American intervention in Syria that it abruptly shifted the call's focus. That allowed Peters to hear directly from constituents before he returns to Washington to attend a classified briefing about the matter Monday.
The next day, President Obama will try to sell the nation on limited strikes on Syria, prompted by the suspected chemical-weapon deaths of more than 1,400 people, including hundreds of children. And soon after that, Congress will vote.
It's a debate roiling town halls across the nation. But it has special resonance here, in a county that is home to more Iraq and Afghanistan war veterans than any other in the nation.
"This is not merely a theoretical debate for a lot of families in a district like this. A lot of us know people who are pilots and may be dropping these bombs. That adds a human and immediate dimension to what is an otherwise far-away political issue," said Thad Kousser, an associate professor of political science at UC San Diego. "People have seen the concrete costs of wars, and the district also includes a veterans' hospital. You can't walk around San Diego without seeing people who have lost limbs. That makes it a less abstract debate."
Across the district, there is a general weariness about getting entangled in another overseas conflict and a skepticism that it will be as limited in scope as the president is promising. Concern cuts across party lines: Hawkish voters are skeptical of this military engagement, and Democrats are divided over a proposal that the leader of their party is wholeheartedly pursuing.
"To look at what's happening there is really awful.... No one wants to see anyone get hurt," said San Diego resident Jeannie Foulkrod, a Republican whose father is a retired Marine who completed two tours in Vietnam. But "there is somewhat of a battle fatigue. San Diego is such a huge military town. We have so many volunteers that help the people who come back with serious injuries.... Although all of us are so thankful for their service, why should they be dying for someone else's civil war?"
Aaron Burden, a 31-year-old Democrat, served in the Navy for nearly a decade, deploying to Iraq and the Philippines and on aircraft carriers around the globe.
"I can't see the benefits outweighing the risk of another extended engagement on the ground of another Middle Eastern country," said the UCSD senior, who is studying communications and political science. "Personally, I didn't feel justified going into Iraq," where soldiers remained for years, he said.
The complicated, lengthy entanglements in Iraq and Afghanistan weighed on many voters here. Still, others in Peters' district said the United States has a moral obligation to intervene when a nation has violated international norms forbidding the use of chemical weapons.
"My feelings on it are, you look back 60, 70 years ago, we had a big war called World War II. There's a saying out there, 'Never again.' I feel if we are in a position to do something about it, we should do something about it," Democrat Jared Nelson said as he served grilled yellowtail tacos and porchetta sandwiches at Whisknladle in La Jolla, the tony coastal enclave home to Peters and former GOP presidential candidate Mitt Romney.
Peters, a 55-year-old economist-turned-lawyer with no military experience, heard many of the same sentiments during his town hall, as well as at other times during the recess. More constituents have called his office — and approached him in the grocery store, at restaurants and on the street — about Syria than any about other issue since he took office in January, he said in an interview. He remains undecided.
"People have been very vocal and forthcoming," Peters said. "It's the vote that I think about the most. This is with me every moment I am awake, both because I think it's such a hard problem and I'm not sure there are good answers. I'm not sure we'll know the right answer till months from now. But the consequences of it are very serious."
Though he hasn't made a decision, he is clearly as skeptical about the proposal as many voters are. He said he needs to know more about the intended objective if the United States decides to intervene, expected results and level of support from other nations. A member of the Armed Services Committee, Peters said he wonders how another military engagement would affect the nation's military readiness, especially in the face of budget cutbacks.
"I want to keep an open mind. I'm not sold today," Peters said. "But I think it's important for me to do my homework. I'm looking forward both to going to the briefing and seeing the classified documents people have been able to review."
His decision has political consequences, since he is among the most vulnerable congressional Democrats in the nation. His narrow November win came as Obama's presence on the ballot lured Democrats to the polls. Next year's midterm turnout will be tougher, and moneyed forces are aligning to try to topple Peters. Even before the Syria vote arose, he faced a difficult reelection fight, and now Republicans are threatening to blister him if he sides with his party's president.
Peters insists the stakes are too great for politics to play a part in his decision. "Look, I assume that my political opponents will hammer me with any vote I take on any issue. I don't care what the politics is, particularly on this issue," he said.
Instead, he pointed to a ceremony he attended at Camp Pendleton on Thursday after recruits completed the "Crucible," a rigorous three-day exercise in which, with little sleep, they hiked 48 miles carrying heavy gear and were subjected to physical and mental tests before officially becoming Marines.
"You see what they put up with, you see their faces, it makes you think really seriously about whether you want to put them in harm's way," Peters said. "I never do unless I'm really convinced about the necessity…. It's much more about that kind of thing than what political hacks are going to say about me."


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text:
One-step preparation of organosiloxane-derived silica particles
Song Chen, Akiyoshi Osaka, Satoshi Hayakawa, Yuki Shirosaki, Akihiro Matsumoto, Eiji Fujii, Koji Kawabata, Kanji Tsuru
Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems
Academic Field of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems
Silica particles and their derivatives with meso-structure attracted much attention, but they were synthesized through complicated multi-step procedure. Considering biomedical application, no surfactants, used in almost all cases above, should be employable due to fear of their toxicity. The present study explored one-step sol-gel preparation of silica particles with biomedical functionalities, starting from Stöber-type systems, and characterized by Transmission Electron Micrograph or 29Si MAS NMR spectroscopy. The Ca-containing particles, derived from the precursor system tetraethoxysilane (TEOS)-H2O-C2H5OH (EtOH)-CaCl 2-NH4OH, consisted of primary particles of - IO nm, and were spherical in shape with the diameter of - 1000 nm, where Ca bridged Si-O- on the opposite particle surface. In contrast, the Ca-free particles were smaller with 400-500 nm in size due to the absence of such bridging effects. In addition, the Ca-containing ones deposited petal-like apatite within one week in Kokubo's simulated body fluid (SBF), which was interpreted in terms of the Ca release from the particles. Amino-modified silica particles were derived from the sol-gel precursor system aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES)-TEOS-H 2O-EtOH where APTES behaved not only as the catalyst but also a reactant; i.e., this was a self-catalyzed sol-gel system. Hydrogen bonding among the amino group of APTES on one particle surface and with Si-O- on the other was suggested to work in agglomeration of the primary particles. Bovine serum albumin was covalently fixed on the APTES-silica surface, suggesting their applicability of proteins or other growth factor delivery.
Advances in Bioceramics and Porous Ceramics II - A Collection of Papers Presented at the 33rd International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites
Published - May 13 2010
Advances in Bioceramics and Porous Ceramics II - 33rd International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites - Daytona Beach, FL, United States
Duration: Jan 18 2009 → Jan 23 2009
Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings
Advances in Bioceramics and Porous Ceramics II - 33rd International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites
Dive into the research topics of 'One-step preparation of organosiloxane-derived silica particles'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Silica Engineering & Materials Science 100%
Sol-gels Engineering & Materials Science 95%
29Si MAS NMR Chemical Compounds 40%
MAS NMR Spectroscopy Chemical Compounds 39%
Growth Factor Chemical Compounds 38%
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Engineering & Materials Science 37%
Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins Engineering & Materials Science 37%
Apatite Engineering & Materials Science 36%
Chen, S., Osaka, A., Hayakawa, S., Shirosaki, Y., Matsumoto, A., Fujii, E., Kawabata, K., & Tsuru, K. (2010). One-step preparation of organosiloxane-derived silica particles. In Advances in Bioceramics and Porous Ceramics II - A Collection of Papers Presented at the 33rd International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites (6 ed., pp. 3-15). (Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings; Vol. 30, No. 6).
One-step preparation of organosiloxane-derived silica particles. / Chen, Song; Osaka, Akiyoshi; Hayakawa, Satoshi et al.
Advances in Bioceramics and Porous Ceramics II - A Collection of Papers Presented at the 33rd International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites. 6. ed. 2010. p. 3-15 (Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings; Vol. 30, No. 6).
Chen, S, Osaka, A, Hayakawa, S, Shirosaki, Y, Matsumoto, A, Fujii, E, Kawabata, K & Tsuru, K 2010, One-step preparation of organosiloxane-derived silica particles. in Advances in Bioceramics and Porous Ceramics II - A Collection of Papers Presented at the 33rd International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites. 6 edn, Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings, no. 6, vol. 30, pp. 3-15, Advances in Bioceramics and Porous Ceramics II - 33rd International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites, Daytona Beach, FL, United States, 1/18/09.
Chen S, Osaka A, Hayakawa S, Shirosaki Y, Matsumoto A, Fujii E et al. One-step preparation of organosiloxane-derived silica particles. In Advances in Bioceramics and Porous Ceramics II - A Collection of Papers Presented at the 33rd International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites. 6 ed. 2010. p. 3-15. (Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings; 6).
Chen, Song ; Osaka, Akiyoshi ; Hayakawa, Satoshi et al. / One-step preparation of organosiloxane-derived silica particles. Advances in Bioceramics and Porous Ceramics II - A Collection of Papers Presented at the 33rd International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites. 6. ed. 2010. pp. 3-15 (Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings; 6).
@inproceedings{19b634329a284d0d893523c85af3f094,
title = "One-step preparation of organosiloxane-derived silica particles",
abstract = "Silica particles and their derivatives with meso-structure attracted much attention, but they were synthesized through complicated multi-step procedure. Considering biomedical application, no surfactants, used in almost all cases above, should be employable due to fear of their toxicity. The present study explored one-step sol-gel preparation of silica particles with biomedical functionalities, starting from St{\"o}ber-type systems, and characterized by Transmission Electron Micrograph or 29Si MAS NMR spectroscopy. The Ca-containing particles, derived from the precursor system tetraethoxysilane (TEOS)-H2O-C2H5OH (EtOH)-CaCl 2-NH4OH, consisted of primary particles of - IO nm, and were spherical in shape with the diameter of - 1000 nm, where Ca bridged Si-O- on the opposite particle surface. In contrast, the Ca-free particles were smaller with 400-500 nm in size due to the absence of such bridging effects. In addition, the Ca-containing ones deposited petal-like apatite within one week in Kokubo's simulated body fluid (SBF), which was interpreted in terms of the Ca release from the particles. Amino-modified silica particles were derived from the sol-gel precursor system aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES)-TEOS-H 2O-EtOH where APTES behaved not only as the catalyst but also a reactant; i.e., this was a self-catalyzed sol-gel system. Hydrogen bonding among the amino group of APTES on one particle surface and with Si-O- on the other was suggested to work in agglomeration of the primary particles. Bovine serum albumin was covalently fixed on the APTES-silica surface, suggesting their applicability of proteins or other growth factor delivery.",
author = "Song Chen and Akiyoshi Osaka and Satoshi Hayakawa and Yuki Shirosaki and Akihiro Matsumoto and Eiji Fujii and Koji Kawabata and Kanji Tsuru",
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booktitle = "Advances in Bioceramics and Porous Ceramics II - A Collection of Papers Presented at the 33rd International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites",
note = "Advances in Bioceramics and Porous Ceramics II - 33rd International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites ; Conference date: 18-01-2009 Through 23-01-2009",
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AU - Chen, Song
AU - Osaka, Akiyoshi
AU - Hayakawa, Satoshi
AU - Shirosaki, Yuki
AU - Matsumoto, Akihiro
AU - Fujii, Eiji
AU - Kawabata, Koji
AU - Tsuru, Kanji
N2 - Silica particles and their derivatives with meso-structure attracted much attention, but they were synthesized through complicated multi-step procedure. Considering biomedical application, no surfactants, used in almost all cases above, should be employable due to fear of their toxicity. The present study explored one-step sol-gel preparation of silica particles with biomedical functionalities, starting from Stöber-type systems, and characterized by Transmission Electron Micrograph or 29Si MAS NMR spectroscopy. The Ca-containing particles, derived from the precursor system tetraethoxysilane (TEOS)-H2O-C2H5OH (EtOH)-CaCl 2-NH4OH, consisted of primary particles of - IO nm, and were spherical in shape with the diameter of - 1000 nm, where Ca bridged Si-O- on the opposite particle surface. In contrast, the Ca-free particles were smaller with 400-500 nm in size due to the absence of such bridging effects. In addition, the Ca-containing ones deposited petal-like apatite within one week in Kokubo's simulated body fluid (SBF), which was interpreted in terms of the Ca release from the particles. Amino-modified silica particles were derived from the sol-gel precursor system aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES)-TEOS-H 2O-EtOH where APTES behaved not only as the catalyst but also a reactant; i.e., this was a self-catalyzed sol-gel system. Hydrogen bonding among the amino group of APTES on one particle surface and with Si-O- on the other was suggested to work in agglomeration of the primary particles. Bovine serum albumin was covalently fixed on the APTES-silica surface, suggesting their applicability of proteins or other growth factor delivery.
AB - Silica particles and their derivatives with meso-structure attracted much attention, but they were synthesized through complicated multi-step procedure. Considering biomedical application, no surfactants, used in almost all cases above, should be employable due to fear of their toxicity. The present study explored one-step sol-gel preparation of silica particles with biomedical functionalities, starting from Stöber-type systems, and characterized by Transmission Electron Micrograph or 29Si MAS NMR spectroscopy. The Ca-containing particles, derived from the precursor system tetraethoxysilane (TEOS)-H2O-C2H5OH (EtOH)-CaCl 2-NH4OH, consisted of primary particles of - IO nm, and were spherical in shape with the diameter of - 1000 nm, where Ca bridged Si-O- on the opposite particle surface. In contrast, the Ca-free particles were smaller with 400-500 nm in size due to the absence of such bridging effects. In addition, the Ca-containing ones deposited petal-like apatite within one week in Kokubo's simulated body fluid (SBF), which was interpreted in terms of the Ca release from the particles. Amino-modified silica particles were derived from the sol-gel precursor system aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES)-TEOS-H 2O-EtOH where APTES behaved not only as the catalyst but also a reactant; i.e., this was a self-catalyzed sol-gel system. Hydrogen bonding among the amino group of APTES on one particle surface and with Si-O- on the other was suggested to work in agglomeration of the primary particles. Bovine serum albumin was covalently fixed on the APTES-silica surface, suggesting their applicability of proteins or other growth factor delivery.
T3 - Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings
BT - Advances in Bioceramics and Porous Ceramics II - A Collection of Papers Presented at the 33rd International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites
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Y2 - 18 January 2009 through 23 January 2009


text:
Jerusalem Crickets Only Date Drummers
Jenny Oh
Potato Bug. Child of the Earth. Old Bald-Headed Man. Skull Insects. Devil's Baby. Spawn of Satan. There's a fairly long list of imaginative nicknames that refer to Jerusalem crickets, those six-legged insects with eerily humanlike faces and prominent striped abdomens. And they can get quite large, too: Some measure over 3 inches long and weigh more than a mouse, so they can be quite unnerving if you see them crawling around in your backyard in summertime.
The beady-eyed gaze of a male Jerusalem cricket. (Josh Cassidy/KQED)
One individual who finds them compelling, and not creepy, has been studying Jerusalem crickets for over 40 years: David Weissman, a research associate in entomology affiliated with the California Academy of Sciences in San Francisco. He's now considered the world's foremost expert, since no one else has been as captivated or singlemindedly devoted to learning more about them.
David Weissman, research associate in entomology with the California Academy of Sciences (Courtesy of David Weissman)
"In the past, entomologists have focused on insects that are out in the daytime — beetles, butterflies — that are pretty and easier to collect," Weissman says. "I think it's great spending the night out collecting bugs, but most people don't."
Splitting his time between his career as an entomologist and anesthesiologist, which helped support his field work, he didn't think it would be that difficult to catalog all the different species of Jerusalem crickets. But now he's planning on publishing a paper in the next two years that will name and describe more than 60 species, which aren't actually true crickets although they're somewhat related. And they're primarily found in the western United States, Mexico and Central America — not Jerusalem.
"People have asked me, 'Why don't you go to the tropics for field work?' " says Weissman. "And I've been there. It's wonderful, but it's overwhelming, too. There's so much there. And why go to tropics when you have such neat problems in your own backyard?"
A female Jerusalem cricket drums in response to a potential mate. (Josh Cassidy/KQED)
While much of their general behavior is still not widely understood, Jerusalem crickets typically live solitary lives underground. They'll emerge at night to scavenge for roots, tubers and smaller insects for their meals. And it's also when they come out to serenade potential partners with a musical ritual: To attract a mate, adult crickets use their abdomens to drum the ground and generate low-frequency sound waves.
"Drumming makes sense in Jerusalem crickets," says Weissman. "The adults are out at night wandering around. It's dark. They don't fly. They don't have wings to sing with. How do they find each other?"
If a male begins drumming and a female senses the vibrations, she'll respond with a longer drumming sequence so that he'll have enough time to track her down. The drumming can vary between one beat every other second up to 40 beats per second.
This duet is actually quite rare among insects. With crickets and katydids, Weissman says, "the male sings and the female comes to the male." But with Jerusalem crickets, both of them participate in this percussive courtship.
"They have very keen vibratory sensors to help locate each other because they don't have ears, so they're actually feeling the vibrations," says Weissman. These are located in all six of their legs and might be the most vibration-sensitive organs in the animal kingdom.
Many Jerusalem cricket species have their own unique drum pattern; they only respond to the tune of their own kind. Some Jerusalem cricket species also produce "sex clarification drums," a distinct drum rhythm where males indicate which sex they are.
When they finally mate, they maneuver themselves into a position that would test the prowess of skilled gymnasts. And occasionally, the female will eat the male afterward. Weissman and other researchers aren't sure why this happens.
"Praying mantises and black widows are a little bit different than Jerusalem crickets. In those cases, the female eats the male either during mating or before they mate. In Jerusalem crickets, the female doesn't eat the male until after they're done mating. The question is: Why? The male just lies there. Why would he let himself get eaten after he's already done his thing and could easily run away?"
Weissman theorizes that perhaps the female "only mates once. Therefore, by letting her eat him, he fertilizes all her eggs and gives her good nutrients for his offspring. But there's a problem with that. She can mate repeatedly in the laboratory. And he can also mate repeatedly. I don't know why he lets her do that. It doesn't happen very often … around 5 percent of the time. We can come up with all kinds of theories, but these hypotheses could take a lifetime to prove."
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text:
Q: How can I add multiple offset edges between two nodes in Cytoscape JS? I'd like to build parallel offset edges between two nodes in cytoscape. Is this possible? I was looking up solutions and the closest thing i found was http://bl.ocks.org/emeeks/c408363501ccc4410dbd. Although this is a D3 solution.

A: Bundled bezier edges are the general solution for that problem.  You can tighten up beziers with control-point-step-size, making them straighter with smaller values.
A series of straight, parallel edges is not a general solution:  You run out of room too quickly, especially if there are one or more small nodes.  The general solution for several straight edges is haystack edges, which may overlap.
Unless you hand-craft all of your graphs or your graphs have guaranteed restrictions on parallel edges, a general solution is needed.  Otherwise, your graphs will be malformed -- and look broken to your users.
If bundled beziers or haystacks don't meet your requirements, then please make a new feature request.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Disney+ Series
Duration: 45mGenre/Style: DramaRating: PGRelease Date: 2020Stream: Disney+
The Hardy Boys are in Bridgeport and unraveling one mystery at a time in this well-rounded wholesome drama that is suitable for all the family.
Reboots are nothing new, and it seems that everything hitting our screens recently is either a book adaptation or has been done before. So how does The Hardy Boys stack up as a modern interpretation of the famous books?
The mystery drama tv series, similar to Nancy Drew, is based on the book by Edward Stratemeyer. Set in the 1980s, the first season was released in December 2020 and quickly found a solid fan base.
But what is The Hardy Boys all about, and is it worth watching?
What Is The Hardy Boys About?
The general idea of The Hardy Boys has stayed the same in that they are two brothers and amateur detectives. In the tv series, we meet brothers Frank and Joe Hardy (Alexander Elliot) living their normal lives until their Mother is involved in a fatal car crash.
With their detective father (James Tupper) under pressure, he decides to move the family to Bridgeport, where the boys will live with their Aunt Trudy (Bea Santos). But Bridgeport is absolutely packed with secrets, many a lot closer to home than the boys even realise.
When Frank tells Joe that their journalist mother (Janet Porter) was probably murdered because of what she was researching, the duo, along with help from their new friends, must uncover what exactly happened to her.
Throw in a very wealthy and powerful grandmother, a cabal that seems to control the entire town, the sinking of a ship, and a missing Egyptian idol and you have all the elements for a decent mystery tv series.
The Hardy Boys Official Trailer
Is The Hardy Boys Worth Watching?
I wasn't sure if I would like The Hardy Boys tv series, but actually it turned out to be a solid mystery drama and far more mature than I thought it would be.
Set in the 1980s, the lack of modern tech means that the brothers must actually investigate rather than simply Google everything, which makes a nice change.
The cast is excellent, though the younger brother is only supposed to be around 12 or 13 in the show, which is younger than in the books.
With a season-long mystery, the unraveling of it is well paced though I have to confess that if you binge it (like I did), it can feel very strung out. I imagine that watching it weekly as it aired on Hulu would have been more satisfying.
By the time we get to the second season, the first mystery has been solved, the family remains in Bridgeport, and a new investigation begins.
It may not be exactly like the books, which to be fair were first written in 1927, but overall The Hardy Boys is a decent way to pass the time if you want more of a mystery and fun for the whole family.
The Hardy Boys Season Three
On the back of a very successful season, Hulu renewed the show for a second season, which aired in 2022.
With strong viewing figures and plenty of fans, the network renewed The Hardy Boys for a third and final season.
Filming ended in November 2022 and is likely to be released in April 2023, in line with season 2.
The first season had 13 episodes, and the second had 10 episodes. But it looks like the third season will only have eight episodes as another secret investigation unfolds.
Where To Watch The Hardy Boys
In the US, you can watch the first two seasons on Hulu.
Outside of the US, The Hardy Boys is available to watch on Disney+
If you're not already a Disney+ subscriber, now is the time to sign up – just click here.
The Hardy Boys Cast
There are a lot of characters over the course of three seasons of any show, but The Hardy Boys keeps its core cast front and center of each of them.
Rohan Campbell as Frank Hardy, the older brother
Alexander Elliot as Joe Hardy, the younger brother
James Tupper (season 1) and Anthony Lemke (season 2) as Fenton Hardy, the father
Keana Lyn Bastidas as Callie Shaw, Frank's friend, and love interest
Linda Thorson as Gloria Estabrook, the boy's Grandmother
Bea Santos as Aunt Trudy
Adam Swain as Chet Morton, Frank's friend
Cristian Perri as Phil Cohen, one of the friends
Atticus Mitchell as JB Cox
Riley O'Donnell as Elizabeth "Biff" Hooper, Joe's best friend
Sadie Munroe as Lucy
Laara Sadiq as Kanika Khan, Gloria's frenemy
Drama Mystery Teen
Really Engaging With A Solid Mystery
Suitable For The Whole Family
Great Casting & 80s Vibe
First Mystery Feels Dragged Out
Joe Is Much Younger Than The Books
The English Game
Along For The Ride


text:
KU football defense takes baby steps
Photo by Richard Gwin
Defensive coordinator Dave Campo takes a close look at linebacker Ryan Karlin during Kansas University football practice on Tuesday, April 17, 2012.
Last year, Kansas University ranked near or at the bottom of Div. I football in most relevant defensive categories.
A year later, under first-year head coach Charlie Weis and defensive coordinator Dave Campo, the Jayhawks have made strides, some more significant than others.
Through six games, KU's defense ranks 91st nationally (of 120 teams) in total defense (434 yards per game), giving up 201 yards per game on the ground (98th) and 233 yards per outing through the air (69th). KU also ranks 77th in scoring defense, surrendering 28 points per game.
While those rankings represent small improvement from last year's finish, the area in which the Jayhawks have made the biggest leap is by landing on the first page of the leader board in a couple of defensive categories.
Kansas ranks 13th in red-zone defense (second in the Big 12), giving up 18 scores (13 touchdowns and five field goals) in 27 trips, and is tied for 22nd in takeaways, with 14.
While the players and coaches credit Campo's experience, expertise and expectations for a lot of the turnaround, it seems confidence has had as much to do with it as anything.
"I have a good understanding of what he's gonna call or what he's thinking," senior cornerback Greg Brown said of Campo. "And that gives me confidence, and I'm sure it does that for the other guys, as well."
Perhaps the most obvious indication that this defense has taken steps forward came last week, when the Jayhawks limited the nation's most potent offense to 288 fewer yards than its average in a 20-14 loss to OSU. In the process, KU bottled up the Big 12's leading rusher, Joseph Randle, (80 yards on 29 carries) and held OSU 35 points below its season average.
"Campo has been around a long time," Weis said. "He's seen good play, and he's seen bad play, but the players haven't seen good play. That's more important, because when the players say, 'Hey, look, that's the best offense in the country, and we just roughed them up,' then our expectations of how they play should go up. If they lead the country in offense and we not only slugged it out with them but, at the end of the game, had the best of them, the players really gained more than anyone else on this."
Weis said last week's effort added to his team's growing confidence.
"(They) have some bounce in their step," he said. "Do they like being 1-5? Absolutely not. Do they feel they're improving? Absolutely."
Confidence and Campo are hardly the only things that have aided KU's slow and steady defensive turnaround.
"Guys are just playing with a lot more passion," senior safety Bradley McDougald said. "Now we just have to come in with that mentality that, when we're clicking all 11 guys at one time, then we can be a great defense."


SHEfinds / Shop / Can You Tell Which Leather Backpack Costs $228 More Than The Other?
Can You Tell Which Leather Backpack Costs $228 More Than The Other?
Leather backpacks have been a serious fashion staple this past year. And why shouldn't they? Leather backpacks carry all your daily essentials (plus more) and look stylish. There's nothing better than a functional and fashionable bag. Two great options are the MICHAEL Michael Kors Extra Small Rhea Zip Leather Backpack ($258) and the Forever21 Double Zipper Faux Leather Backpack ($29.90). Can you tell which leather backpack costs $228 more than the other? Click on the pictures below to reveal their prices!
Don't miss Shopbop's huge shopping event and shop American Eagle's holiday collection!


Awesome Kids Parties in Berkshire!
Our lively, fully trained children's entertainers and teenage party DJs perform right across Berkshire, whether your'e in Slough, Maidenhead, Reading or Windsor, we have a brilliant local FUN At Kids Party entertainer or teenage party DJ based near you! We hope you have fun exploring our FUN Kids Parties!


Press ON / OFF icon. The machine moves automatically to beverage preparation position. Close machine manually.
Thanks to the intuitive interface, you can select Cold water (icon), XL volume function, Hot water (icon) and touch volume selector.
Thanks to the energy save function the machine is automatically turned off after 5 mins of non use in order to reduce to consumption.
The Dolce Gusto Eclipe coffee machine moves automatically to beverage preparation position. Close machine manually. It has several different settings that you can control on the touch screen and it has a removable water tank (1 L.) with water level indication window.


text:
Astronomie - Closing the gap on the missing lithium Researchers account for some of the lithium missing from our universe
Astronomie - Observation, Simulation, and AI Join Forces to Reveal a Clear Universe
Astronomie - Why Does Mercury Have Such a Big Iron Core? Magnetism!
Raumfahrt - NASA seeking proposals for next phase of Artemis lunar lander services despite industry protests
Astronomie - European plan for gigantic new gravitational wave detector passes milestone
Raumfahrt - ISS-ALLtag: From atoms to planets, the longest-running Space Station experiment
Astronomie - Physicists observationally confirm Hawking's black hole theorem for the first time
Raumfahrt - China launches five new satellites
UFO-Forschung - The Pentagon's UFO Report -Update-7
Raumfahrt - Startvorbereitung für Russian Soyuz-2.1b rocket with 36 British OneWeb satellites
Raumfahrt - ISS-ALLtag: Progress MS-17 cargo vehicle docks with ISS
UFO-Forschung - Is it aliens? Three questions to evaluate UFO claims
Astronomie - Astronomers Thrill at Giant Comet Flying into Our Solar System
Astronomie - The hunt for extraterrestrial life is about to enter a new era
Astronomie - White dwarf star is the size of the moon but more massive than the sun
Raumfahrt - Russia's Progress space freighter to have near-miss with Musk's rocket fragment
Raumfahrt - Bransons Virgin Orbit launches 7 satellites from 747 plane
UFO-Forschung - UK Parliament: has no plans for investigation into UFOs after Pentagon report
Mars-Chroniken - First You See It, Then You Don't: Scientists Closer to Explaining Mars Methane Mystery
Raumfahrt - U.S. Army, Navy, Marine Corps service members selected to transfer to Space Force
Raumfahrt - Moonikin flying on NASAs Artemis I named for Apollo 13 engineer
Raumfahrt - Station Crew Readies for Tuesday Cygnus Departure, NG-16 Launch NET 10 August
Astronomie - Rare black hole and neutron star collisions sighted twice in 10 days
Raumfahrt - Start von SpaceX Falcon-9 mit Transporter-2 Satelliten
Raumfahrt - Start von Progress MS-17 cargo spacecraft.
Astronomie - Cheops, ESA's exoplanet mission -Update-1
Astronomie - New type of supernova spotted
Astronomie - Clouds of Venus simply too dry to support life
UFO-Forschung - Die Anfänge der UFO-History 1947 -Teil 05
Raumfahrt - PHYSICS GETS A VOTE: NO STARCRUISERS FOR SPACE FORCE
Raumfahrt - 1st uncrewed mission of Gaganyaan in Dec: Its race against time for ISRO now
Raumfahrt - NASA team to study new roles for the agency in addressing orbital debris
Raumfahrt - China's super heavy rocket to construct space-based solar power station
UFO-Forschung - Presse Echo auf The Pentagon's UFO Report -Update-5
Freitag, 2. Juli 2021 - 07:08
The huge object may be the biggest comet ever seen. And it is already showing signs of activity as it approaches the orbit of Saturn
Image of C/2014 UN271 (Bernardinelli-Bernstein), the largest comet discovered in modern times. It is set to reach the vicinity of Saturn's orbit in 2031 on its inward journey from the outskirts of the solar system. Credit: Dark Energy Survey/DOE/FNAL/DECam/CTIO/NOIRLab/NSF/AURA/P. Bernardinelli & G. Bernstein (UPenn)/DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys
Acknowledgments: T. A. Rector (University of Alaska Anchorage/NSF's NOIRLab), M. Zamani (NSF's NOIRLab) & J. Miller (NSF's NOIRLab)
Far beyond the orbits of Neptune and Pluto, a dark and mysterious expanse of space tantalizes astronomers. Here, as many as trillions of comets are thought to swarm, hurled to their present locale by Jupiter or other planets billions of years ago. They form a giant sphere known as the Oort cloud that envelops the solar system and stretches out to perhaps a couple of light-years from the sun. No one really knows just how many comets exist in the Oort cloud or its true extent because so little illuminating sunlight reaches that remote region. But occasionally a passing star or galactic tides will stir these icy leftovers from the solar system's dawn, causing comets to fall toward the distant sun and into the observability of our telescopes. These so-called long-period comets have an orbit of thousands or millions of years and are predominantly small, no more than a few kilometers across. Yet last week astronomers announced the discovery of one with truly behemoth proportions: a giant comet that may measure hundreds of kilometers from edge to edge. "It was pretty shocking," says Pedro Bernardinelli of the University of Pennsylvania, one of the researchers who found the object. Now efforts to train more telescopes in the comet's direction to unearth its secrets of the deep are well underway.
Initially dubbed 2014 UN271, the object has been officially named C/2014UN271 (Bernardinelli-Bernstein) for its discoverers: Bernardinelli and his University of Pennsylvania colleague Gary Bernstein. It was first observed in 2014 by a project called the Dark Energy Survey (DES), but Bernardelli and Bernstein only found the comet recently, after it popped out of their analysis of the 80,000 or so images taken by DES over the past several years. The images from 2014 revealed it to be lurking at about 30 times the distance between Earth and the sun, or 30 astronomical units (AU). Now, seven years on, the object is at 20 AU and continuing to approach us. Its closest point to the sun will be 10.9 AU, which it will reach in January 2031. That is not too much farther out than the orbit of Saturn—close enough that some have even envisaged sending a spacecraft to the object on a fleeting visit. Current estimates suggest the comet takes three million years to orbit the sun, traveling out to a distance of nearly 0.9 light-year—well into the Oort cloud—before swooping in again.
Both the object's size and its looming proximity have captivated astronomers. "It's very exciting," says David Jewitt of the University of California, Los Angeles. Despite receiving 400 times less sunlight than Earth's surface at its current location, the comet is bright enough to be seen by telescopes, which hints that its size must be somewhere between 100 and 370 kilometers. The uncertainty arises because of the object's unknown reflectivity and shape. But at either end of the scale, this estimate would still make it much bigger than any previously known comet. The next largest in terms of its nucleus—Hale-Bopp, which wowed stargazers in 1997—measured a relatively paltry 60 kilometers across. The Bernardinelli-Bernstein comet is "certainly the largest comet we've seen in the modern astronomical era," says Alan Fitzsimmons of Queen's University Belfast. "We've had tremendously bright comets over recorded history, but that was before the invention of the telescope [in the 17th century]."
Efforts to study the object since it was announced have been swift. Already a team of astronomers has been able to detect signs of activity, most likely melting ices forming an atmosphere, or "coma," around its solid nucleus, confirming it to be a comet. "Its brightness has increased a lot, which means that it's active," says Rosita Kokotanekova of the European Southern Observatory, who led the observations using a network of telescopes in the Southern Hemisphere. Getting continued rapid observations will be crucial in learning more about the comet. "There might still be a possibility we can see a rotational signal from the nucleus," Kokotanekova says. "When the activity gets stronger, it will be completely obscured."
Observing that activity will be enlightening, too, "because we've never observed a comet being active so far out [from the sun]," Kokotanekova says. This will allow researchers to probe the regions of the solar system where cometary activity begins. From the object's initial apparition in DES optics in 2014 to 2018, it did not appear to show activity, meaning it likely "switched on" at some point in the past three years, Fitzsimmons says. "It's going to give us a really nice ability to study what happens in this transition region—from being a frozen ice ball out in the Oort cloud to a fully active comet in the solar system."
At its current distance, temperatures are too low for water ice to melt, so the Bernardinelli-Bernstein comet—which may be on its first foray into the inner solar system—must have some other type of ice that is melting. "The best guess would be carbon monoxide, because we know that's present in comets, and it's also very volatile," Jewitt says.
In part because astronomers still know so little about the object and have never seen anything quite like it before, its exact nature remains unknown. Is it really a large comet or something else entirely? "Some people are speculating it could be round, almost in hydrostatic equilibrium, which makes it go in the direction of dwarf planets," Kokotanekova says. This seems unlikely, however, given that most models suggest an icy object must be in the vicinity of 800 kilometers across before its own gravity begins sculpting it into a spherical shape. To pin down the object's true size, Jewitt says the Hubble Space Telescope is the only current facility with sufficient power to peer through the coma and resolve the size of the nucleus. But as of this writing, his formal request to study the comet using the prized orbital observatory has not been approved. Other telescopes are capable of probing different features, though, such as its composition. "It's so different from everything else we've observed that it's very likely we'll discover unexpected things," Kokotanekova says.
Being able to observe the object for such a long time as it reaches its closest point to the sun, with a decade of observations ahead, will be hugely rewarding. Astronomers will be able to watch as it evolves, perhaps changing in its activity levels or even breaking apart. "The fact we can follow this thing for the next 10 years means there's a lot of opportunity to discover more detail," says Colin Snodgrass of the University of Edinburgh. And for the time being, a lot of what we might observe remains tantalizingly unknown, says Michele Bannister of the University of Canterbury in New Zealand. "This is something that's been in the deep freeze for eons—hundreds of thousands of years at the very shortest," she says. "And now it's being heated by the sun. What's going to happen? How active is it going to be? We don't know yet. That's going to be really fun to find out."
The comet is also a taste of what is to come in the near future of solar system astronomy. In October 2023 a new telescope in Chile called the Vera C. Rubin Observatory will begin a 10-year survey of the entire overhead sky called the Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST). Thanks in part to its eight-meter mirror, Rubin will be able to discover much fainter objects than any of its predecessors, including many more expected large comets like this. "Typical telescopes find objects out to 50 or 60 AU," says LSST team member Mario Jurić of the University of Washington. "With LSST, we can easily go out to 150 AU. We're going to see things like [the Bernardinelli-Bernstein comet] maybe on a monthly basis."
For the time being, C/2014 UN271 (Bernardinelli-Bernstein) remains the largest comet ever seen approaching the inner solar system, offering a glimpse into the secrets of our sun's outermost reaches. How it behaves as it approaches Saturn's orbit will be thrilling to watch, and the name Bernardinelli-Bernstein likely will not be forgotten any time soon. "It will be studied for years and years," Kokotanekova says. "It's only going to become more interesting. We'll get to know it very well."
Quelle: SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN