text:
You are here: Home / NEWS . . . . . . . . / Government Agencies / European / France: Meeting to debate HPV vaccines, Gardasil and Cervarix
France: Meeting to debate HPV vaccines, Gardasil and Cervarix
June 25, 2014 By admin 8 Comments
By Norma Erickson
Michele Rivasi, MEP
Paris, 23 June 2014: A three hour discussion was held during which various medical professionals, politicians, and health authorities had the opportunity to openly debate serious concerns about the HPV vaccines Gardasil and Cervarix.
Dr. Philippe de Chazournes recently sponsored an open letter to the French Minister of Health calling for the establishment of a parliamentary mission to investigate various aspects of HPV vaccination campaigns. (more information here) Over 200 medical professionals signed the letter confirming their agreement with the stated concerns about the safety, efficacy, and necessity of using Gardasil and Cervarix in national cervical cancer prevention programs.
Michele Rivasi, MEP, chaired roundtable discussions pertaining to the questions raised in Dr. de Chazournes' letter to the French Health Ministry.
Stakeholders representing both sides of the debate were invited to attend as well as members of the French Parliament, representatives from Sanofi-Pasteur MSD, and national health authorities. Drs. G. Delepine, N. Delepine, A. Siary, Cl-Michal Teitelbaum, JP Hamon, and Mr. Coletti were in attendance along with many other interested parties.
The topics open for discussion are as follows:
What is the justification for HPV vaccination programs?
What is the risk/benefit profile of Gardasil and Cervarix?
What place do HPV vaccines have in cervical cancer prevention strategies, and at what cost?
Gardasil: Cervical Cancer or Political Cancer?
What is the level of 'ethical care' in the new 'cancer plan'?
Member of the European Parliament, Michéle Rivasi, opened the meeting with the following speech, eloquently stating the actions necessary to protect the public health as well as public health funding.
To paraphrase her words, these vaccines are unnecessary, dangerous to many, and certainly a huge drain on precious public health funds. To halt HPV vaccination programs, pending intense investigation and proof of stated purpose could very well be the salvation of our young people.
Presentation by Michele Rivasi, European Ecology MEP
Translation by Helen Kimball Brooke
It is an honor for me to receive Dr. Philippe de Chazournes today in the Parisian offices of the European Parliament. Dr. de Chazournes has fought long and hard as spokesperson for doctors in the current scandal linked to the Gardasil vaccine, the famous Sanofi-Pasteur MSD vaccine against certain strains of the human papillomavirus which can cause cancer. A large number of doctors have signed his open letter to Marisol Touraine, French Minister of Social Affairs, expressing their fears around the idea of doubling the vaccination rate of young girls with a vaccine whose effectiveness is scientifically controversial. Some of them are here today and I thank them for being here. They are demanding a parliamentary mission to clarify this question. Last April, I personally made a public demand for a moratorium, i.e. an end to mass vaccination with this vaccine until in-depth research can be performed on its benefits, risks and effectiveness.
Vaccine safety, as a general rule, is being increasingly questioned. Between 2005 and 2010, the proportion of French people in favour or very in favour of vaccination dropped from 90% to 60% (2013 INPES Peretti-Watel health barometer). The percentage of French people between the ages of 18 and 75 who are anti-vaccination increased from 8.5% in 2005 to 38.2% in 2010. In 2005, 58% of doctors questioned the usefulness of vaccines administered to children while 31% of doctors were expressing doubts about vaccine safety. These figures must surely have increased since then.
Alongside this dramatic slump in confidence, research carried out worldwide – here in France by R. – K. Gherardi and F.-J. Authier, in Canada by C. Shaw and L. Tomljenovic, in North America by S. Seneff and S.-H. Lee, in Israel by Y. Shoenfeld and in the UK by C. Exley and others – blames the toxicity of the aluminium salts used as adjuvants in vaccines.
The injection of these aluminium salts could be the cause of the considerable and unexplained increase in the number of pathologies reported because they migrate through the body until they reach and accumulate in the brain. In certain predisposed individuals, very serious adverse effects have been observed following vaccination: death, convulsions, fainting, autistic disorders, Guillain-Barre syndrome, transverse myelitis, facial paralysis, chronic fatigue syndrome, autoimmune diseases, pulmonary embolisms, macrophagic myofasciitis, pancreatitis and others.
It was the work of E3M, an organisation formed by macrophagic Myofasciitis victims, which encouraged me to bring this subject up within the European Parliament. Macrophagic myofasciitis is a little known but extremely disabling disease caused by the aluminium salts in vaccines.
Without being totally against the actual principle of vaccination, I feel that it is absolutely essential for specification of our vaccine policy to reflect the greatest of transparency and that the voices of vaccine victims be heard so that appropriate responses may be given and solutions found: in particular, urgent and abundant research financing and provision of a basic vaccine which is aluminium-free.
I therefore invited scientists and specialists in this area to come speak to us about their work on Gardasil during a press conference held at the Parisian offices of the European Parliament, last April.
Over the last seven years, nearly two million young women between the ages of 13 and 26 have received at least one dose of this vaccine, 65% of which is reimbursed by the French Social Security… but its effectiveness has still not been proven. Since then, an increasing number of young girls have been claiming that it has made them ill and the matter is becoming an issue Europe-wide.
Marisol Touraine, French Health Minister, has nonetheless just re-affirmed her attachment to this vaccination by confirming the 2014 recommendations which advise "all young girls between the ages of 11 and 14" to get the HPV vaccine. The message was apparently not heard.
Worse still, in early May, EMA (European Medicines Agency) experts recommended that the Gardasil HPV vaccine indication be lowered to age 9 for prevention of anal cancer and pre-cancerous anal lesions. One of the arguments used for this was that there are 6,800 new anal cancers in Europe every year. This feels to me like an attempt to find new justifications for the overall recommendation of Gardasil.
The French government needs to save 50 billion Euros over the next three years and ten of those billions must be saved in Health Insurance. Widespread administration of Gardasil would cost 926 million Euros (i.e. 9.3% of the needed health insurance savings) over three to four years, this for the catch-up campaign alone.
To stop this plan would be a genuine move for public health: this vaccination is worthless, clearly dangerous and a financial black hole. It serves no purpose for the European Medicines Agency to rush to the aid of Gardasil by recommending its use in the prevention of anal cancer (which causes fewer than 200 deaths every year in France, which is 0.11% of all cancer deaths).
What does Europe want? How is it that we ask the member States to reduce their deficits while simultaneously inciting them to spend more and more for the greater good of the pharmaceutical industry? How is it possible that we ask the French (and Europeans because the situation is exactly the same in many countries) to "tighten their belts" while asking them to hand over such large gifts to Big Pharma at the same time?
We must ask ourselves these questions and continue to fight against the health scandals of today and tomorrow by demanding absolute transparency in these highly sensitive issues.
Learn more about the issues here.
View the entire press package in French here.
The SaneVax Team would like to thank all of the participants in this debate. We sincerely hope every country in the world holds similar events. If HPV vaccines are as safe and effective as advertised, public scrutiny should be no problem.
Until such time as open and honest scientific debates are allowed in every country, medical consumers need to remember – RESEARCH BEFORE CONSENT – you can't unvaccinate.
Filed Under: European, France, HPV, SANE Vax Press Releases, Vaccine Politics/People, Vaccine Science Tagged With: French debates, HPV VACCINES, lack of proven efficacy, safety
This press release should be widely spread. It is truly admirable that opportunity was given in France for open debates concerning the HPV vaccines, where medical professionals, politicians and health authorities participated. Let us hope that absolutely all other countries follow suit!
In Michéle Rivasi, Member of the European Parliament's brilliant presentation many most relevant points were focused upon including the public's and doctors' growing doubts about vaccine safety, toxicity of aluminium and the worrying recommendation to lower indication for Gardasil to age nine in an attempt to prevent anal cancers.
With supposedly 6,800 new anal cancers diagnosed in Europe yearly, 75-80 per cent of which are said to be attributable to HPV types that Gardasil targets, there would be 5,200 of these cases yearly in the European population of 741 million.
This would mean that about 0.00070% of the European population yearly get anal cancer which is maintained to be caused by HPV types that Gardasil targets.
Anal cancer is highly treatable when found early, as opposed to serious adverse reactions from the vaccine.
Michéle Rivasi also presented concern about the gigantic costs of the HPV vaccination program.
There is an additional cost which also must be taken into account. It is the huge, inestimable price which is paid for all the terrible and utterly heartrending suffering which is caused by these scandalous vaccines.
DanKegel says
In the interest of balance, here's a response from the mainstream medical community in France:
http://www.portail-vaccination.fr/
Godofredo says
INEFFICACY OF THE HPV VACCINE SEEN BY DOCTOR OF DEEP PERÚ
From its inception until the appearance of uterine cervical carcinoma (UCC) takes a average of 25-30 years; the research of this vaccine have begun in 2000. It is evident that the scientific efficacy of this new vaccine will be determined the years 2025 – 2030.
HPV not causes definitely the (CCU); at the onset of this disease involves multiple risk factors, including the suspected HPV, but scientifically is proven by epidemiology and statistics that the sex is what generates this disease. Nix in 100.000 nuns found not any UCC.
http://www.portalesmedicos.com/publicaciones/articles/1832/1/Epidemiolog.,.
There are not scientific researchs; stadistic, epidemiologic, citologic, histologic, colpocopic and clinic to demostrate that the HPV produce the cervical cance, are publishing. whitout scierntific sustentance.
To accept that a virus or a bacteria causes a infection disease must unfailingly fulfill the five Koch's postulate
http://www.xatakaciencia.com/salud/los-postulados-de-koch
1 – The agent must be present in every case of the disease and absent from healthy.
2 – The agent must not appear in other diseases.
3 – The agent to be isolated in pure culture from disease lesions.
4 – The agent of causing disease in a susceptible animal being inoculated.
5 – The agent must again be isolated lesions in experimental animals.
http://es.scribd.com/doc/44558220/MICROBIOLOGIA-1
Consequently, HPV not fulfill not any principle of Koch's postulates. by not meeting this postulate, that is accepted as dogma in medicine, scientifically we must be ensure that the HPV is not the causative agent to the UCC..
Until May 2013 Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting Syntem (VAERS) published that the vaccines against the HPV caused only in Unites States 138 muertes and 30020 adverse events; 947 disabled: 12 males, 924 females and 11sex unknown; 4050 advers graves: 106 males, 3883 females and 57 unknown sex; 527 abnormal PAP smears, 214 dysplasia cervical and cervical cancer 214. Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System secure that only the !% to 10% are denounced https://dub104.mail.live.com/default.aspx#n=1521802 http://holyhormones.com/vaccinations/hpv-vaccine/hpv-vaccine-adverse-eve…
http://therefusers.com/?s=cervarix
The Vaccine efects advers reactions (VAERS) ensures that only complaint between 1% to 10% of the adverse effects produced by this evil vaccine;this figures shown are calculated according to the statements of the VAERS: to 10%.
http://www.noticiero.enkoria.com/2011/diez-menores-que-sufrieron-reaccio…
http://www.pop.org/content/merck-researcher-admits-gardasil-guards-again…
Dr. Harper, who contributed to the development of the vaccine by Merck, reports that the vaccine was not investigated in children under 15 years and the vaccine given to children under 11 years is a big public experiment.
http://offtheradar.co.nz/vaccines/53-researcher-diane-harper-blasts-gard…
The vaccine was approved to give girls uncontaminated with HPV, Dr. Howenstinc ensures that the women are vaccinated with HPV contaminated, have the possibility to acquire a 44.6% CCU
http://www.newswithviews.com / Howenstine/james170.htm.
Merck did not disclose that the vaccine was transgenic, the Sane Vax has discovered, which is transgenic because it has been found that the vaccine is contaminated with DNA recombinant vaccine Gardasil (DNArPVH) and has raised its concerns to the president of the FDA Margaret Hamburg. The FDA replied that the vaccine will not cause any damage transgenic
http://real-agenda.com/2011/09/16/vacuna-gardasil-contaminada-con-adn-re…
http://bolsonweb.com.ar/diariobolson/detalle.php?id_noticia=26075
A vaccinated child was ill with rheumatoid arthritis, which is an autoimmune disease. 24 hours after vaccination and found that the aluminum adhered to DNArPVH, two years after vaccination and in autopsy 6 months after death in a New Zeland girl Jazmine Renata which had recibed this deadly vaccines
http://www.mecfsforums.com/index.php?topic=9331.0
Management time to get market approval of a drug the FDA is at least three years, it is a drug for cancer 15 years, but the authorization Merck had only six months and the European Medicines Agency (EMA in English) only 9 months: To introduce the vaccine are using the marketing of fear
http://mujeresenaccion.over-blog.es/article-vph-la-vacuna-del-marketing-… http://mujeresenaccion.over-blog.es/article-vph-la-vacuna -of-marketing-of-fear-67210961.ht
HPV is ubiquitous; lives in wild and domestic animals, pollute us from birth, is on the doorknobs, on towels, on nails, on fomites, in gloves and specula of gynecologists,. sexual intercourse is not the only means of contamination.
http://spa.myhealthygood.com/cancer-cervical-vacuna-contra-el-vph/invest…
HPV also lives in the 400 nm outermost of our skin and mucous membranes. ,
If it live in our skin, our immune system produces cellular and humoral immunity is acquired or that our body is self vaccinatinge by PVHs living on our skin and mucous ..
http://www.conganat.org/seap/bibliografia/HPVToday/HPVToday007SEAP.pdf
The PVHs is not distributed uniformly worldwide. It has been found that in Canada HPV 18 only reaches 3%; is more often HPV 31, in my country Peru no studies have determined that HPV types predominate; Gardasil contains 225 mcg. aluminum and Cervarix 500 mcg, that produce the Alzheimer, Parkinson and autism, produce too neurotoxic and immune system disorders (Blaylock 2012) and polisorbato 80, a powerful contraceptive, that in experimental animals produces sterility, atrophy of the testicles and disturbance organic and funtional of the organs of the reproduction; is carcinogenic and mutagenic; also contains sodium borate considered poison unused in medicinal preparations (NLM)
http://www.telefonica.net/web2/paramahamsa/vacunaninosalerta.html http://detenganlavacuna.wordpress.com/2010/11/09/gardasil-cervarix/
Have been discovered to date 200 types of HPV; HPV is not infectious, contagious; the intercourse is not only that the persons is contaminated
http://quimicaclinicauv.blogspot.com/2006/08/virus-del-papiloma-humano.html http://www-lab.biomedicas.unam.mx/smpv/queeshpv.htm
On 22-11-2010 FDA approved Gardasil for males aged 9 to 26 to prevent warts and cancer to the anus, is overkill
http://salud.aollatino.com/2011/02/02/aprueba-fda-nueva-indicacion-vacun…
For the reasons from deep Peru Huancayo, I believe that this vaccine is a fraud?, a robbery?, a swindle?, a rough joke?, a crime?, a shame?, a scam?
The HPV is not scientifically proved for the moment that produce the UCC its effectiveness shall be verified just the years of 2025-2030.
Dr. Godofredo Arauzo
E mail: godo.ara@gmail.com
Update from SaneVax: France to Review Gardasil | Canadian Gardasil Awareness Network says:
[…] CONSENT – you can't unvaccinate. The Michéle Rivasi press release is now published here – France: Meeting to debate HPV vaccines, Gardasil/Cervarix – pdf copy attached. Please […]
The French National Debate on Vaccine Safety | iDSENT says:
[…] E. How France Is Handling Its Own Vaccine Debate. Bloomberg Feb. 3, 2015. 3 Erickson N. France: Meeting to debate HPV vaccines, Gardasil and Cervarix. SaneVax, Inc. June 25, 2015. 4 Solomon L. Newborn deaths lead France to reconsider two vaccines. […]
» Immer mehr Franzosen lehnen Impfungen ab - Querdenken.TV says:
[…] https://sanevax.org/france-meeting-debate-hpv-vaccines-gardasil-cervarix/ […]
What's All The Fuss About Vaccines? 90 Quotes… | Take Back Your Health with Robin Shirley says:
[…] "Between 2005 and 2010, the proportion of French people in favour or very in favour of vaccination dropped from 90% to 60% (2013 INPES Peretti-Watel health barometer). The percentage of French people between the ages of 18 and 75 who are anti-vaccination increased from 8.5% in 2005 to 38.2% in 2010. In 2005, 58% of doctors questioned the usefulness of vaccines administered to children while 31% of doctors were expressing doubts about vaccine safety. These figures must surely have increased since" – Sane Vax Inc […]
Why I Changed My Mind About the TdaP Vaccine – How He's Raised says:
[…] vaccine safety, and they remain one of the leading countries of vaccination skeptics. Even with 58% of French doctors questioning the usefulness of vaccines, France continues to see only about 300 cases of […]
Gardasil: My daughter's worst nightmare
Truth and Gardasil: An interview with Dr. Deirdre Little


text:
Q: Is there any way in C# to enforce operator overloading in derived classes? I need to define an Interface which has to enforce certain operator overloading to the types which implements it. There doesn't seem an obvious way to do it since operator overloading has to be done using static methods in class. Is there any way to achieve the same effect (using abstract classes or anything else)?

A: You could implement the overloading in an abstract base  class, but delegate the actually operation specifics to an abstract method. Then this will have to be implemented and the overloading will be don with their implementation.
public abstract class OverLoadingBase
{
    public abstract OverLoadingBase DoAdd(OverLoadingBase y);

    public static OverLoadingBase operator +(OverLoadingBase x, OverLoadingBase y)
    {
        return x.DoAdd(y);
    }
}

Though I'm not sure if this is complete.

A: I have done this in the past...
public abstract class BaseClass<TClass> where TClass : BaseClass
{
    public static TClass operator +(TClass c1, TClass c2)
    {
        return c1.DoAddition(c2);
    }

    protected abstract TClass DoAddition(TClass c2);
}

And then implemented as follows:
public class ConcreteClass : BaseClass<ConcreteClass>
{
    protected ConcreteClass DoAddition(ConcreteClass c2)
    {
        ...
    }
}

A:
Is there any way in C# to enforce operator overloading in derived classes?

Strictly speaking, types don't "derive" from an interface, they only implement it - but if you are referring to requiring operator overloads in a derived class from a parent class then that can be done by making the parent class generic to allow for variant operator parameter and return types, but this effectively means that the subclass cannot then be subclassed again (without making the subclass generic).

Is there any way to achieve the same effect (using abstract classes or anything else)?

Now, assuming that you are referring to only interfaces, then yes, it's possible! The trick is to not have the operators defined on the interface nor it classes, but in a wrapper-struct - which is used through the magic of operator implicit...
There is a slight catch though, but which is entirely solvable provided you're using C# 6.0 or later... read on!

*

*What you're describing is (another) good use-case for wrapper-structs over open generic interfaces.

*

*This is basically the same thing as Mads Torgersen's suggested approach for implementing "extension-everything": where any object (class) or value (struct), including any interface, is wrapped in a struct invisibly to your program, and that wrapper-struct then adds the required functionality you're after.

*...in this case, you want to add "extension operators" to types that will implement an existing interface that defines the underling operations for those operators.

*Remember that value-types (struct etc) are "free" in .NET because they don't incur a GC heap allocation.

*To make this work, first define the interface with the operations you want to support.

*

*This interface has generic type parameters to allow for variant return types, and for accessing the "raw value":

public interface IOperable<TImpl,TValue> : IEquatable<TImpl>, IComparable<TImpl>
    where TImpl  : IOperable<TImpl,TValue>
    where TValue : notnull
{
    Operable<TImpl,TValue> Op { get; }

    TImpl CreateFor( TValue other );

    TImpl Self  { get; }

    TValue Value { get; }

    TImpl Add( TValue other );

    TImpl Subtract( TValue other );

    TImpl Multiply( TValue other );

    TImpl Divide( TValue other );

    TImpl Remainder( TValue other );

    TImpl Inverse();
}

*

*Then define the wrapper-struct (struct Operable<TImpl,TValue>).

*

*The wrapper-struct has the static operator methods which all accept and return the the same Operable<TImpl,TValue>.

*But most importantly: struct Operable also has implicit operator defined for implicit conversion to-and-from TImpl and to TValue, which is what helps make this approach usable.

*Implicit conversion from TValue isn't possible because there's no way of knowing what TImpl would be, but you can define operators on struct Operable<> that allow raw TValue for either of the operands, that way it can infer TImpl from the other operand.

// Note that `struct Operable<T>` does not implement IOperable<T>.
public struct Operable<TImpl,TValue>
    where TImpl  : IOperable<TImpl,TValue>
    where TValue : notnull
{
    #region Operators (Self-to-Self)

    public static Operable<TImpl,TValue> operator +(Operable<TImpl,TValue> lhs, Operable<TImpl,TValue> rhs)
    {
        TImpl result = lhs.Self.Add( rhs.Value );
        return result;
    }

    public static Operable<TImpl,TValue> operator -(Operable<TImpl,TValue> lhs, Operable<TImpl,TValue> rhs)
    {
        return lhs.Self.Subtract( rhs.Value );
    }

    public static Operable<TImpl,TValue> operator -(Operable<TImpl,TValue> self)
    {
        return self.Self.Inverse();
    }

    public static Operable<TImpl,TValue> operator *(Operable<TImpl,TValue> lhs, Operable<TImpl,TValue> rhs)
    {
        return lhs.Self.Multiply( rhs.Value );
    }

    public static Operable<TImpl,TValue> operator /(Operable<TImpl,TValue> lhs, Operable<TImpl,TValue> rhs)
    {
        return lhs.Self.Divide( rhs.Value );
    }

    public static Operable<TImpl,TValue> operator %(Operable<TImpl,TValue> lhs, Operable<TImpl,TValue> rhs)
    {
        return lhs.Self.Remainder( rhs.Value );
    }

    #endregion

    #region Operators (Self + TValue)

    public static Operable<TImpl,TValue> operator +(Operable<TImpl,TValue> lhs, TValue rhs)
    {
        TImpl result = lhs.Self.Add( rhs );
        return result;
    }

    public static Operable<TImpl,TValue> operator -(Operable<TImpl,TValue> lhs, TValue rhs)
    {
        return lhs.Self.Subtract( rhs );
    }

    public static Operable<TImpl,TValue> operator *(Operable<TImpl,TValue> lhs, TValue rhs)
    {
        return lhs.Self.Multiply( rhs );
    }

    public static Operable<TImpl,TValue> operator /(Operable<TImpl,TValue> lhs, TValue rhs)
    {
        return lhs.Self.Divide( rhs );
    }

    public static Operable<TImpl,TValue> operator %(Operable<TImpl,TValue> lhs, TValue rhs)
    {
        return lhs.Self.Remainder( rhs );
    }

    #endregion

    #region Operators (TValue + Self)

    public static Operable<TImpl,TValue> operator +(TValue lhs, Operable<TImpl,TValue> rhs)
    {
        TImpl lhs2 = rhs.Self.CreateFor( lhs );
        TImpl result = lhs2.Self.Add( rhs.Value );
        return result;
    }

    public static Operable<TImpl,TValue> operator -(TValue lhs, Operable<TImpl,TValue> rhs)
    {
        TImpl lhs2 = rhs.Self.CreateFor( lhs );
        TImpl result = lhs2.Self.Subtract( rhs.Value );
        return result;
    }

    public static Operable<TImpl,TValue> operator *(TValue lhs, Operable<TImpl,TValue> rhs)
    {
        TImpl lhs2 = rhs.Self.CreateFor( lhs );
        TImpl result = lhs2.Self.Multiply( rhs.Value );
        return result;
    }

    public static Operable<TImpl,TValue> operator /(TValue lhs, Operable<TImpl,TValue> rhs)
    {
        TImpl lhs2 = rhs.Self.CreateFor( lhs );
        TImpl result = lhs2.Self.Divide( rhs.Value );
        return result;
    }

    public static Operable<TImpl,TValue> operator %(TValue lhs, Operable<TImpl,TValue> rhs)
    {
        TImpl lhs2 = rhs.Self.CreateFor( lhs );
        TImpl result = lhs2.Self.Remainder( rhs.Value );
        return result;
    }

    #endregion

    public static implicit operator Operable<TImpl,TValue>( TImpl impl )
    {
        return new Operable<TImpl,TValue>( impl );
    }

//  public static implicit operator TValue( Operable<TImpl,TValue> self )
//  {
//      return self.Value;
//  }

    public static implicit operator TImpl( Operable<TImpl,TValue> self )
    {
        return self.Self;
    }

    public Operable( TImpl impl )
    {
        this.Self  = impl;
        this.Value = impl.Value;
    }

    public TImpl  Self  { get; }
    public TValue Value { get; }
}

So for example, supposing we have a custom number type that we want to enforce at compile-time the operators described above...
public struct ComplexNumber
{
    public Double Real;
    public Double Complex;
}

Simply make it implement IOperable, so this implementation defines most arithmetic operations on complex numbers:
public struct ComplexNumber : IOperable<ComplexNumber,ComplexNumber>
{
    public static implicit operator ComplexNumber( ( Double r, Double i ) valueTuple )
    {
        return new ComplexNumber( valueTuple.r, valueTuple.i );
    }

    public Double Real;
    public Double Imaginary;

    public ComplexNumber( Double real, Double imaginary )
    {
        this.Real      = real;
        this.Imaginary = imaginary;
    }

    public Double Magnitude => Math.Sqrt( ( this.Real * this.Real ) + ( this.Imaginary * this.Imaginary ) );

    public ComplexNumber Conjugate => new ComplexNumber( real: this.Real, imaginary: -this.Imaginary );

    public ComplexNumber Self => this;
    public ComplexNumber Value => this;

    public Operable<ComplexNumber,ComplexNumber> Op => new Operable<ComplexNumber,ComplexNumber>( this.Value );

    public ComplexNumber Add(ComplexNumber other)
    {
        Double r = this.Real      + other.Real;
        Double i = this.Imaginary + other.Imaginary;
        return new ComplexNumber( r, i );
    }

    public ComplexNumber Subtract(ComplexNumber other)
    {
        Double r = this.Real      - other.Real;
        Double i = this.Imaginary - other.Imaginary;
        return new ComplexNumber( r, i );
    }

    public ComplexNumber Multiply(ComplexNumber other)
    {
        // (a+bi) * (c+di) == a(c + di) + bi(c + di)
        //                 == (ac - bd) + (ad + bc)i

        Double a = this.Real;
        Double b = this.Imaginary;

        Double c = other.Real;
        Double d = other.Imaginary;

        //

        Double r = ( a * c ) - ( b * d );
        Double i = ( a * d ) + ( b * c );
        return new ComplexNumber( r, i );
    }

    public ComplexNumber Divide(ComplexNumber other)
    {
        // Division is the same as multiplying by the conjugate.

        ComplexNumber conjugate = other.Conjugate;

        ComplexNumber numerator   = this.Value.Multiply( conjugate );
        ComplexNumber denominator = other.Multiply( conjugate );

        if( denominator.Imaginary == 0 )
        {
            Double d = denominator.Real;

            Double newReal = numerator.Real      / d;
            Double newImag = numerator.Imaginary / d;

            return new ComplexNumber( newReal, newImag );
        }
        else
        {
            throw new NotSupportedException( "Non-trivial complex division is not implemented." );
        }
    }

    public ComplexNumber Remainder(ComplexNumber other)
    {
        // Remainder isn't the same as Modulo (fun-fact: in C89 the `%` operator is for remainder, not modulo!)
        // Anyway, implementing Remainder for complex numbers is non-trivial.
        // As is Modulo: https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/274694/modulo-complex-number
        // So just throw:

        throw new NotSupportedException( "The remainder operation for complex-numbers is not implemented." );
    }

    public ComplexNumber Inverse()
    {
        return new ComplexNumber( real: -this.Real, imaginary: -this.Imaginary );
    }

    #region IEquatable + IComparable

    public ComplexNumber CreateFor(ComplexNumber other)
    {
        return other;
    }

    public Int32 CompareTo( ComplexNumber other )
    {
        return this.Magnitude.CompareTo( other.Magnitude );
    }

    public override Boolean Equals( Object? obj )
    {
        return obj is ComplexNumber other && this.Equals( other: other );
    }

    public override Int32 GetHashCode()
    {
        return base.GetHashCode();
    }

    public Boolean Equals( ComplexNumber other )
    {
        return this.Real == other.Real && this.Imaginary == other.Imaginary;
    }

    public override String ToString()
    {
        if( this.Imaginary < 0 )
        {
            return String.Format( CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, "({0}{1}i)", this.Real, this.Imaginary );
        }
        else
        {
            return String.Format( CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, "({0}+{1}i)", this.Real, this.Imaginary );
        }
    }

    #endregion
}

So this should be able to be used like so:
public static void Main()
{
    ComplexNumber a = ( r: 6, i:  4 );
    ComplexNumber b = ( r: 8, i: -2 );

    ComplexNumber c = a + b;

    Console.WriteLine( "{0} + {1} = {2}", a, b, c );
}

...but it doesn't!
The problem is that we need either a or b to be implicitly promoted to Operable<ComplexNumber,ComplexNumber> so that the overloaded + operator will be invoked.
The quick-and-dirty workaround is to use that Op property on the innermost operand (according to operator precedence rules) to trigger the implicit conversion to Operable<> and the compiler takes care of the rest, including implicit conversion back to ComplexNumber:
So this:
public static void Main()
{
    ComplexNumber a = ( r: 6, i:  4 );
    ComplexNumber b = ( r: 8, i: -2 );

    ComplexNumber c = a.Op + b;

    Console.WriteLine( "{0} + {1} = {2}", a, b, c );
}

...gives me the expected output of (6+4i) + (8--2i) = (14+2i).
...which then works with expressions of any length and complexity, just remember to use .Op on the first operation, not the left-most (in this case, both b.Op and d.Op due to them being independent operations:
public static void Main()
{
    ComplexNumber a = ( r:  6, i:  4 );
    ComplexNumber b = ( r:  8, i: -2 );
    ComplexNumber c = ( r:  1, i:  9 );
    ComplexNumber d = ( r:  9, i:  5 );
    ComplexNumber e = ( r: -2, i: -1 );

    ComplexNumber f = a + b.Op * c - ( d.Op / e );

    Console.WriteLine( "{0} + {1} * {2} - ( {3} / {4} ) = {5}", a, b, c, d, e, f );
}

Of course, the .Op part is still an ugly wart, but what can be done about that?
Well, the answer lies in two parts:

*

*A Roslyn code analysis type that verifies that any type that implements IOperable also has the operators overloaded.

*

*This is more of a solution to your original question: a way to "enforce" that a type that implements an interface also overloads the operators.

*This isn't perfect, though: as a type in an external assembly could still be legally compiled without the operators overloaded. Though at least with struct Operand you can still take advantage of overloaded operators (albeit with the .Op wart)

*Use Roslyn code-generation to auto-generate the necessary operators in a partial type provided elsewhere, including auto-generating operator implicit to accommodate any external types that haven't overloaded the operators.

Part 1 is straightforward, here's a simple Roslyn analyzer that will raise a warning (or error, at your discretion):
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections.Immutable;
using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
using System.Linq;

using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Diagnostics;

namespace You
{
    [DiagnosticAnalyzer( LanguageNames.CSharp )]
    public class OperatorOverloadingAnalyzer : DiagnosticAnalyzer
    {
        public static ImmutableArray<String> FixableDiagnosticIds { get; } = ImmutableArray.Create( "0xDEADBEEF0001" );

        public override ImmutableArray<DiagnosticDescriptor> SupportedDiagnostics => OperatorOverloadingAnalyzerInfo.AsArray;

        public override void Initialize( AnalysisContext context )
        {
            context.ConfigureGeneratedCodeAnalysis( GeneratedCodeAnalysisFlags.None );
            context.EnableConcurrentExecution();

            context.RegisterSymbolAction( AnalyzeSymbol, SymbolKind.NamedType );
        }

        private static void AnalyzeSymbol( SymbolAnalysisContext context )
        {
            if( IsClassOrStructThatImplementsIOperable( context.Symbol, out INamedTypeSymbol? namedTypeSymbol ) )
            {
                if( !HasOperators( namedTypeSymbol ) )
                {
                    Diagnostic diagnostic = Diagnostic.Create( OperatorOverloadingAnalyzerInfo.Descriptor, location: namedTypeSymbol.Locations[0], namedTypeSymbol.Name );

                    context.ReportDiagnostic( diagnostic );
                }
            }
        }

        private static Boolean IsClassOrStructThatImplementsIOperable( ISymbol symbol, [NotNullWhen(true)] out INamedTypeSymbol? namedTypeSymbol )
        {
            if( symbol is INamedTypeSymbol ins )
            {
                namedTypeSymbol = ins;

                if( namedTypeSymbol.TypeKind == TypeKind.Class || namedTypeSymbol.TypeKind == TypeKind.Struct )
                {
                    if( namedTypeSymbol.AllInterfaces.Any( iface => iface.Name == "IOperable" ) )
                    {
                        return true;
                    }
                }

                return false;
            }
            else
            {
                namedTypeSymbol = null;
                return false;
            }
        }

        private static readonly HashSet<String> _opMemberNames = new HashSet<String>( StringComparer.Ordinal )
        {
            "op_Addition",
            "op_Division",
            "op_Multiply",
            "op_Subtraction"
        };

        private static Boolean HasOperators( INamedTypeSymbol type )
        {
            Int32 matchCount = 0;
            foreach( String memberName in type.MemberNames )
            {
                if( _opMemberNames.Contains( memberName ) )
                {
                    matchCount++;
                }
            }

            return matchCount == 4;
        }
    }
}

Just copy and paste the above into the stock Roslyn analyzer project in VS's project templates and off y'go.

Part 2... is too much effort for me now, so consider that an exercise for the reader.

A: Bit of a hack, but...
You could provide operator overloads in your base class that then call some published abstract methods in one of the classes to do the job there.
public abstract class MyClass
{
    public static MyClass operator +(MyClass c1, MyClass c2)
    {
        return c1.__DoAddition(c2);
    }

    protected abstract MyClass __DoAddition(MyClass c2);
}

A: No. The only sensible way to do this would be to have a unit test check use reflection to find  all concrete implementations, and then verify this condition. You could also perhaps do something at runtime re the same via a static constructor, but then the question is which static constructor?
Another approach is to drop the operators and use an interface-based approach; for example , if you need T to have +(T,T) then instead of operators have an interface with an Add(T) method. Another advantage here is that interfaces are usable from generics (typically via constraints), where-as using operators from generic code takes some effort.

A: Since its operator can only be overloaded and not overridden its quite difficult. The best solution I can think of is use an abstract class and overloading like this.
public abstract class MyBase
{
    public abstract MyBase Add(MyBase right);
    public abstract MyBase Subtract(MyBase right);

    public static MyBase operator +(MyBase x, MyBase y)
    {
        //validation here
        return x.Add(y);
    }

    public static MyBase operator -(MyBase x, MyBase y)
    {
        //validation here
        return x.Subtract(y);
    }
}

A: I'd do something like:
public abstract class Scalar<This> where This : Scalar<This>
{
    public static This operator +(Scalar<This> a, This b) => a.Add(b);

    public abstract This Add(This another);
    ...
 }

Then you can inherit Scalar as:
public sealed class Rational : Scalar<Rational>
{
    public override Rational Add(Rational another)
    {
      ...
    }

    ...
}

And that's it:
Rational a = ...;
Rational b = ...;
Rational sum = a + b;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Columbia College Chicago Theatre Department alum Rose Freeman '07, a graduate of the Theatre Department's Theatre Directing program, is directing the Chicago premiere of Dark Sisters, an opera by composer Nico Muhly and librettist Stephen Karam. The production, presented by the Third Eye Theatre Ensemble, runs October 21-November 6 at Prop Thtr, 3502 N. Elston, Chicago.
Third Eye Theatre Ensemble specializes in presenting opera in an intimate theatrical format. Last year, Freeman directed the company's midwest premiere of Sumeida's Song, by Arab-American composer Mohammed Faroud.
For tickets, and more information, click here.


text:
Credit: Marco Borggreve
Young Finn Makes Audacious Recorded Debut With A Sibelius Cycle
Richard S. Ginell on August 8, 2022.
Klaus Mäkelä and the Oslo Philharmonic | Credit: Marco Borggreve
Klaus Mäkelä is the latest in a long string of Finnish conducting hotshots to make a major noise in the music world. But he has really upped the ante for forward career motion. He's only 26, but already he has held posts with the Swedish Radio Symphony Orchestra (principal guest conductor), the Turku Music Festival (artistic director), the Oslo Philharmonic (chief conductor) and the Orchestre de Paris (music director).
If that wasn't enough, Mäkelä just hit the jackpot: In June, the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra of Amsterdam — one of the world's elite corps — snagged him as artistic partner for the next five years, after which he will become the ensemble's chief conductor for another five years at least. And for his recording debut — on Decca no less — he was allowed to record all of the symphonies of Jean Sibelius with the Oslo Philharmonic in one four-disc shot, thus confronting the most intimidating Finnish giant of all.
Is Mäkelä really that good this soon? And what does he have to say about Sibelius that might make this set competitive with revered recordings by Leonard Bernstein, Vladimir Ashkenazy, Lorin Maazel, Colin Davis, Herbert von Karajan, Eugene Ormandy, Paavo Berglund, Osmo Vänskä, and others still casting shadows. Not to mention, going further back in time, Robert Kajanus, Thomas Beecham, and Serge Koussevitzky.
Well, I do have my theories. From the evidence of these recordings, Mäkelä may have internalized the fairly recent realization that Sibelius was really a patron saint of minimalism. You hear Sibelius's thrumming ostinatos and repetitive patterns that gradually mutate in the early works of John Adams — who has belatedly acknowledged the influence — and Philip Glass's "Floe" (from Glassworks) paraphrases the big swinging tune in the finale of Sibelius's Fifth Symphony over and over. In symphony after symphony, Mäkelä brings the string ostinatos front and center to a degree that most of his predecessors do not, which strikes me as a modernist feature.
On the other hand, Mäkelä also favors a lush, big orchestra texture that harkens back to Ormandy or Karajan, or later Sibelians like Ashkenazy. The Oslo Philharmonic plays beautifully on these well-recorded discs — and apparently had plenty of time to bring the performances up to a high level, for this was a spring 2021 pandemic shutdown project in which they worked only on Sibelius in the privacy of an empty hall under social distancing conditions.
The lush approach works well enough in the Symphony No. 1, emphasizing Sibelius's early Romantic roots with conventional middle-road tempos. It doesn't work as well in the Symphony No. 2; Mäkelä doesn't hold the structures of the first two movements together tightly enough; the scherzo needs more furious energy, and the flag-waving finale comes off straightforwardly but without thrilling payoffs. Symphony No. 3 comes out of the gate fast and fleet with good rhythm, but the second movement is very slow (Kajanus, who worked more closely with the composer than anyone else, took it even slower, but he got a lilting, folk-like feeling that eludes Mäkelä). The third movement is also deliberate in pace, but Mäkelä starts to make the most out of the string ostinatos that eventually dominate the main line in his hands.
With the strange, morose Symphony No. 4 — which looks even stranger on the page than it sounds — Mäkelä scores high in a performance that approaches the Colin Davis/Boston Symphony recording in darkness and desolation. The big, strong cello/bass/bassoon opening signals the intense performance to come. The tempos are slow, the tremolos are fierce, the brasses cut deeply, the ostinatos have a sharp, persistent groove. Did the pandemic contribute to the heightened terror and gloom in this performance?
There is plenty of mystery in the first movement of the triumphant Symphony No. 5 but not much force in the accumulating climaxes (check out Karajan for that). The second movement languishes aimlessly in its latter half; the sunlit finale has interesting, usually suppressed details, like wind staccatos, popping up, but overall it is not that convincing. Again, we look to Karajan for the magical floating quality in the opening measures of Symphony No. 6 that Mäkelä misses, although the young Finn gets better and more absorbing the further he goes, culminating in a long coda that sings out before turning deeply inward.
The Symphony No. 7 summarizes Sibelius's achievement of going it alone on his own symphonic road in one mighty 20-minute-plus movement — and Mäkelä mostly realizes its accumulating power before coming down gently to a conclusion.
Klaus Mäkelä | Credit: Marco Borggreve/Oslo Philharmonic
That is usually it for most cycles, but Mäkelä isn't through yet. He resumes the grim isolation that the Seventh's final C chord barely dispels with a killer performance of Tapiola, keeping the line moving slowly and steadily toward the big chromatic storm near the end, which comes off broadly and powerfully.
Then Mäkelä tacks on a real enigma, three tiny, recently discovered symphonic fragments that may or may not be pieces of the legendary, long-awaited, never-delivered Eighth Symphony, which Sibelius allegedly burned in his fireplace. The first fragment picks up from where Tapiola began — the same concentrated downcast mood but now a more tenuous relationship to tonality. The second fragment sounds like the beginning of a scherzo, the third is an adagio with string pizzicatos reaching back to the Fifth Symphony before two oboes peter out inconclusively. Sibelius seems to be repeating himself, unsure where to take it from there. They're not quite the holy grail, but it's good that Mäkelä included them — and if you are looking for something different from all the other sets except John Storgårds's, there you have it.
Finally, on a personal note: This review is dedicated to my father, Dr. William Ginell, who passed away at age 98 on Sunday morning, July 31, as I was preparing this article. Sibelius was his favorite composer.
Richard S. Ginell writes regularly about music for the Los Angeles Times, Musical America.com, and Classical Voice North America. He has also contributed to Gramophone and The Strad, among many other publications. In another lifetime, he was chief music critic of the Los Angeles Daily News.
Guest Conductor Klaus Mäkelä Elicits a Refined Shostakovich Tenth With SF Symphony
David Bratman - May 2, 2022
Violinist Vilde Frang matches Mäkelä's controlled approach in a lyrical reading of Berg's Violin Concerto.
Osmo Vänskä's Minnesota Orchestra Finale Is a Sibelius Bacchanal
Janos Gereben - January 4, 2022
The lauded music director bids farewell after 19 seasons. Catch his final concerts online.
More From Richard S. Ginell
MTT and LA Phil Create a Mahler Ninth for the Ages

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Zibqin è un villaggio nel Libano meridionale, situato 103 chilometri a sud della capitale Beirut, nel distretto di Tiro. La città vecchia contiene rovine romane e greche.

La città contiene le seguenti famiglie: . È famosa per il tabacco e le olive, è formata da oltre 600 case e ha una popolazione di 3000 persone. La maggior parte del paese è stata danneggiata nel 2006 durante la guerra del Libano.

La municipalità ha stretto un "patto d'amicizia" con la città di Grosseto

Note

Altri progetti

Comuni del distretto di Tiro

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: PHP Error Handling during form Validation I have designed a web page. First user should enter his email-id and then only password page appears. I wanted to display an error in the email page if the email-id entered by the user is not in my database (csv file).
Following is the php code:
function clean_text($string)
{
 $string = trim($string);
 $string = stripslashes($string);
 $string = htmlspecialchars($string);
 return $string;
}
if (isset($_GET['submit'])){
  $email = clean_text($_GET['email']);
  $file = fopen('info.csv','r');
  while (! feof($file)){
    if ($csv_line = fgetcsv($file)){
      if ($csv_line[0] == $email){
        session_start();
        $_SESSION['email'] = $email;
        header('Location: password.php');
      }
    }
  }
  if (feof($file)){
    $error = "No account, you can create one";
  }
  fclose($file);
}

Following is the HTML and JavaScript code:
<!DOCTYPE html>

  <title>Welcome</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.5.0/css/bootstrap.min.css">

Welcome

 Please Enter your Email to continue

      <form method="get" id="email-form" autocomplete="off">
          <input type="text" class="form-control mx-auto" id="email" placeholder="Email" name="email" spellcheck="false"></input>

           <input type="submit" class="btn btn-info" disabled value="Next" id="submit-button" onclick="click_email()" name="submit"></input>

          <input type="button" class="btn btn-info" value="No Account?" id="create-account-button" name="create-account"></input>

     </form>

Explanation of code:

*

*HTML and JS is written in such a way that, if the user enters a text which is not in the format of an email, the submit button will be disabled and will be enabled only if the text is in the format of an email. User will also be notified that the text is not in the format of an email as an error message in a div container right below the email input field.

*Once the user enters valid email, php checks whether the email is in my database (info.csv).

If the email id is not in my database, there should be an error message in the same div container as 'No account, you can create one'.  which I have done using JavaScript. (last but one code in )
Problem is when the user enters a valid email-id which is not in my database, he is not getting the error.
"No account, your can create one".


The Thin Blue Line is a symbol of respect and support for Police and Law Enforcement Officials; show your support with Aquaforce's Thin Blue Line Watch.
Show your support and respect for Police and Law Enforcement Officials with Aquaforce's Thin Blue Line Watch. The watch features a rubber adjustable strap for a comfortable fit and luminous hour markers for low light situations. The 47mm diameter watch is water resistant up to 50 meters and has Quartz Japanese Movement for the most accurate time.


Some homeowners may be surprised to find their property taxes are higher this year compared to last, despite the promise from council of no tax increases.
Council has, in fact, kept its word: the community as a whole is paying the same amount in taxes this year as it did last — just under $34 million collectively.
But how that pot is divvied up between homeowners is changing. In an emailed explanation from the municipality it states: "Because the total assessed value of all the properties changes each year, the mil rate must also change even when the budgeted revenue does not."
The mil rate is the tax rate, applied uniformly throughout the municipality.This year saw a five per cent decrease in assessed values throughout Whistler, from $10 billion to $9.59 billion. To collect the same $34 million in tax, the municipality had to adjust the mil rate upwards.
A property valued the same year over year would pay slightly higher this year. Those with higher assessed values compared to last year will pay more, while those with a lower assessed value will pay less.
Despite the legal challenge from First Nations to quash Whistler's updated Official Community Plan, it remains law until the court decides otherwise.
"It's being challenged in court but it's good law," explained Mayor Nancy Wilhelm-Morden.
The petition to the B.C. Supreme Court was filed by the Squamish and Lil'wat First Nations on May 8. It also names Bill Bennett, the minister who approved the OCP.
Whistler has asked for an extension to respond to the petition, which includes hundreds of pages in sworn affidavits from Squamish Chief Bill Williams and Lil'wat Chief Lucinda Phillips.
In an email response, a spokesperson for the province said: "The province is currently in the process of reviewing the petition and the accompanying materials in order to determine an appropriate response."


text:
»Television News»'Hitler Didi' Rati Happy With Appreciation.
'Hitler Didi' Rati Happy With Appreciation.
Posted by TellyExpress Team on July 31, 2013 in Television News, Telly News Stuff
It's a wrap on TV show "Hitler Didi"! Actress Rati Pandey, who played the lead role in it, says she has a whole lot of happy memories of her association with the show, which was appreciated by viewers for so long.
The show went on air in 2011 on Zee TV.
Rati has thanked the audiences for all the love and support towards the show.
"Thank you so much for all the appreciation that you gave us. Whether people watched it or not, but 'Hitler Didi' has become a trendsetter now. They know about Hitler Didi and the show as well," Rati said here Tuesday at the wrap-up party for the show.
"We are wrapping up the show after one year and seven months! That's a long time…but we all are happy and enjoying," she added.
The actress heaped praises for her co-star Sumit Vats, who played her husband Rishi in the show, and said that she hopes to collaborate with him again.
"I would say that keep appreciating us (me and Sumit) even in future! No matter we both work together or not but we will always try our best to convince you (viewers), whatever the storyline of a show be," said Rati.
She has earlier been a part of the shows like "Miley Jab Hum Tum", "Raat Hone Ko Hai" and "Har Ghar Kuch Kehta Hai".
The last episode of "Hitler Didi" will reportedly be aired Aug 2. It will be replaced by "Do Dil Bandhe Ek Dori Se".
← Film, TV celebs join hands to raise funds for Uttarakhand.
"I simply can't believe that Amrit Manthan is going off air"- Adaa Khan. →


Download PDF Airgun Shooter – April 2019 for free and other many ebooks and magazines on Worldofmagazine.com!
Download PDF Africa's Bowhunter - April 2019 for free and other many ebooks and magazines on Worldofmagazine.com!
Download PDF SA Hunter Jagter - March 2019 for free and other many ebooks and magazines on Worldofmagazine.com!
Download PDF Bacon Busters - April 2019 for free and other many ebooks and magazines on Worldofmagazine.com!
Download PDF African Outfitter - February 06, 2019 for free and other many ebooks and magazines on Worldofmagazine.com!
Download PDF More of Our Canada - March 2019 for free and other many ebooks and magazines on Worldofmagazine.com!
Download PDF SA Hunter-Jagter - April 2019 for free and other many ebooks and magazines on Worldofmagazine.com!
Download PDF SA Hunter Jagter - February 2019 for free and other many ebooks and magazines on Worldofmagazine.com!
Download PDF SA Hunter Jagter - January 2019 for free and other many ebooks and magazines on Worldofmagazine.com!
Download PDF Bowhunter - April 2019 for free and other many ebooks and magazines on Worldofmagazine.com!


As a young nun at the Corpus Christi Home for Girls, Marva Garcia has always leaned on the Everlasting Arms for wisdom and strength to meet the day-to-day challenges of mentoring delinquent girls. But when her beloved adoptive father is killed during a Muslim coup, Marva sees her orderly world crumbling around her. As she tries to make sense of all this, Marva is increasingly drawn to another pair of arms that had been there for her all along. Can she love a man and still love God?
Fans of the perennial favorite The Sound of Music will love this Caribbean story of a nun's struggle to balance her passion for God with her growing love for her childhood sweetheart. Get your copy here.
Tortured by guilt over killing her father, a crime for which she was never punished, Marva Garcia fears she will one day be discovered. She longs to confess, but her sister June discourages her from doing so because she doesn't want Marva to be locked up as she will then have no one to look after her. As Marva's guilt deepens, suicide seems her only option. But before she can carry out her carefully-laid plans, something terrible happens. In the Wilderness, the second book in the Egypt series will keep you riveted until the last word. Get your copy here.
Marva and her sister June have been victims of sexual abuse from their childhood. As a result, Marva commits a horrible crime which has her running from the law and trying to forge a new life for herself and June. With a hawk-eyed detective hot on her trail, June's rebellion seemingly out of control, and too ashamed to confide in anyone, Marva's new life is not what she envisaged. While she longs for love, peace and forgiveness, she knows she deserves punishment. Will she get what she deserves, or what she longs for? Get your copy here.
The story behind Easter. If you are a Christian, I trust that this story will help to deepen your appreciation for what Jesus did on the cross. If you are not a Christian, I pray that it will spark a desire in you to get to know the Savior and make Him Lord of your life. Get your copy here.
This is a Christian non-fiction book that uses the stories of some popular women of the Bible to show today's woman how she can learn to trust God in every season of her life. Each story is written in a lively, anecdotal style from the point of view of the main character, making her seem like a true flesh and blood person. The "Insights" section which gives practical applications to the story, "Reflections" and scriptural meditations make Women For All Seasons a book the reader will want to come back to again and again. A great addition to your bookshelf or for your Bible study group.Get your copy here.


Trying to find a serious leader of any major business who thinks that Brexit is a good idea, and is now anything more than a damage limitation exercise, is akin to providing the proverbial needle in haystack. And this includes many of those who have, in the past, led the criticism of the EU.
As the point of no return approaches in March 2019, the main concern in the business community appears to be the complete absence of even an outline, let alone a detailed, plan which shows how the cost of achieving the stated ambition of leaving the Single Market and Customs Union will be offset by new trading relationships.
It's this which makes business uncertain and nervous about the future with prudence demanding that contingency plans are put in place and that planned investment is either reviewed or postponed.
Although the headline figures show the economy continuing to grow, you don't have to look far beneath the surface to see how the effects of business anxiety are already being felt. The consensus is that the U.K.'s growth rate would be between 0.5% and 1% higher than it is today, had people not voted to leave the E.U., and the country would have remained at the top of the G7 growth tables.
Debating the impact of a half percent here and there of GDP is normally the terrain of economists and policy makers but we need to be clear that these are jobs that have not been created and a real term loss to the economy of at least £10 billion, and almost certainly more, since the referendum.
That's enough to increase investment in the NHS by around £300 million every week…. of course, that's a figure we've heard before albeit in an arguably more misleading context.
And this is all BEFORE we have actually left the European Union.
This is quite a reversal of fortune for an economy that so recently sat atop the G7 growth table, outstripping that of the United States, and was on course to be the world's third biggest by 2030. Instead, the U.K. now lags at the bottom of that group with a historically modest growth rate which is undoubtedly being propped up by the sensible, post referendum, intervention of the Bank of England and a European and World economy that is performing strongly.
Look even more closely and one will find that the achievement of almost full employment in the U.K. distracts attention from the dependence on low skilled positions and zero hours contracts. In addition, our productivity rate, one of the best indicators of economic strength, is extremely poor by G7 standards. It should disappoint everyone that Germany, a country subjected to the same EU laws and regulations that have supposedly held us back, could stop working on Thursday and still produce more than we do in the working week.
Arguably, the economic benefits we have derived from EU membership have masked this, to a certain extent, but post-Brexit the low productivity rate is going to matter greatly in terms of the competitiveness of the economy and, importantly, attractiveness to invest.
Speaking on behalf of Japanese business leaders in Downing Street last week, that country's Ambassador was clear that no company will continue to invest in the U.K. if it sees its profitability being eroded. It is clear to Japanese investors, as much as to anyone else, that trading under WTO rules, (in a no-Brexit deal scenario), cannot offset the benefits of Single Market and Customs Union membership, especially when factors like productivity are so low.
For all that is good about the Government's Industrial Strategy, it cannot compensate for the lack of an overarching, compelling plan, that enables business to identify opportunities through potential new trading relationships that offset the enormous cost of voluntarily restricting access to the world biggest free trade area and a trading partner which dwarfs all others. It's these realities which leave business shaking their heads… and more worryingly, enacting their contingency plans.
When the leaders of global capital, like Goldman Sachs' Lloyd Blankfein or JP Morgan's Jamie Dimon say that they have to, "start liking Frankfurt because we have to", we better take notice. We may not always care to recognise it, but their capital provides the oil for the economy not to mention the tax receipts for the Exchequer. Where they base themselves matters and guys like these just don't take a punt on governments that are so bereft of basic economic planning as this one.
But they are not alone. Across the economy, from financial services to pharmaceuticals, from chemicals to automotive, companies that have stayed their hand, waiting to see what will happen, are now starting to enact their contingency plans.
Without Single Market membership, there is no E.U. financial passport for the Banks that base themselves out of London, and are the biggest contributor to the U.K.'s economy.
Without Customs Union membership, the just in time delivery systems that our manufacturers and retailers rely on won't work anywhere near as well as today. It is still surprising to see how little understanding there is of how integrated time bound supply chains have become since the advent of the Single Market. Quite simply, a crunch or short delay at Dover doesn't just mean traffic jams on the M20, it means turning right or left at Lille and diverting to grateful factories in Belgium or France.
Nobody is suggesting that this will all have an immediate acute impact, particularly if the much vaunted transition agreement is eventually signed, (which is not a given following the Government's apparent attempts to unpick certain aspects and the clearly conflicting position with the E.U. on what is required for an open border in Ireland). But we should be extremely wary of underestimating just what an opportunity we have presented to our continental partners interested in capturing more of our inward investment and GDP.
M. Macron may not yet have the policy substance or results to back up his sales pitch but it sounds mightily attractive to those in the international business community thinking about where to lay their next bet.
It's true that the future is very hard to predict but the overwhelming consensus appears to be, including from the Government's own analysis, that leaving the Single Market and Customs Union, will make the country poorer. In its defence, the Government says its preferred option of a bespoke trade deal has not been included in these forecasts. Whilst this is true, the EU has made clear that that deal, even if somehow conjured up, is not going to be better than Single Market and Customs Union membership. Even if we were to retain these two components of E.U. Membership, the forecasts clearly and consistently predict at least a 2.5% fall in GDP, (which, for comparison, is far greater than the traumatic recessions of the 1980s).
And which are the places that will suffer the most? Ironically, those in the Midlands, the North West, and North East, which heavily supported the decision to Leave.
In the absence of another close look at the decision to leave, which arguably should be done as the true costs become known, it seems clear that the wellbeing of the economy and livelihoods of our people, depends on a final agreement that preserves as much of Single Market and Customs Union access as possible. The facts and data tell us that the alternatives will be painful with a very discernible drift of existing investment away from the U.K. and a significant opportunity cost of that which never came.
As the Cabinet meets to discuss its options, clarity is needed as quickly as possible on the government's final, preferred destination for Brexit. Without that, business will continue to make alternative plans. If the Government cannot agree amongst itself on the final destination in the short to medium term, then membership of the European Economic Area, surely has to be the best fall back option, and certainly an alternative to the uncertainty of a prolonged transition.
Its time for party politics and ill informed positions based on ideology to be put aside or marginalised. The E.U. will not bend the rules, putting its own survival at risk, at the behest of corporate Germany's desire to sell us more BMWs or Mercedes. It's time that this is recognised and for strong political leadership, grounded in economic reality and pragmatism, to come to the fore in the national interest.
If it doesn't the social and political divisions in our society, will be driven wider by unfulfilled promises and an economic downturn that could take a generation or two to reverse.


text:
Q: Powershell, win server domain profiles deletion with special symbols I'm really bad at scripting but in any case I need to create a script which should delete special domain accounts with special naming convention. We are using power shell v3. I'm stuck at the filtering profiles area. I have a lot of profiles with bird numbers like: bb1231X, ba1231z, bb1231rw. So I want to delete only the profiles which contain BB****X for example and to double check mark it as 7 symbols and 7 symbol should be X and beginning should be BB.
And do not know how to write this double check.
Any help would be appreciated.
Current script:
Function Get-System-Drive-Clean {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    Param(
    [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
    [string]$computerName
    )

    PROCESS {

        foreach ($computer in $computerName) {
            Write-Verbose "Housekeeping on $computer"
            Write-Verbose "Mapping drive \\$computer\c$"
            $drive = New-PSDrive -Name $computer.replace(".","-") -PSProvider FileSystem -Root \\$computer\C$
            write-Verbose "Checking windows version"
            #Cheking windows version
            $version = (Get-WmiObject  -ComputerName $computer -Class Win32_OperatingSystem ).version
            Write-Verbose "Windows version $version"

            #Profile Deleting area.
            if ($version -ge 6) {
                 write-Verbose "Getting profiles from WMI (Win 2k8 and above)..."
                $profiles = Get-WmiObject Win32_UserProfile -ComputerName $computer -Filter "LocalPath like 'C:%R'"

                if ($profiles -ne $null) {
                    $profiles | foreach {
                        Write-Verbose ("Deleting profile: " + $_.LocalPath)
                        #$_.Delete()
                        #| Where {(!$_.Special) -and ($_.ConvertToDateTime($_.LastUseTime) -lt (Get-Date).AddDays(-5))}
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

A: Regular expressions (or regex for short) are your friends, and PowerShell has native support for them!
You can use the -match operator to do regex matching:
PS C:\> 'BB8972X' -match '^BB.{4}X$'
True
PS C:\> 'BA9042W' -match '^BB.{4}X$'
False

The pattern I used in the example above (^BB.{4}X$) works as follows:

*

*^: The bare caret character means "start of string position"

*BB: This is simply two B characters

*.{4}: In regex, . means "any character". {4} is a quantifier meaning "exactly 4 of the preceding character", so 4 of any character

*X: The letter X

*$: This means "end of string position"

So, if you have a number of Directories with these names and only want the ones where the name is like BB****X, you'd do:
$BBXDirs = Get-ChildItem -Directory |Where-Object {$_.Name -match '^BB.{4}X$'}


text:
An American looks at nearly 50 years of Cancon rules
July 17, 2020 July 16, 2020 Alan Cross	1 Comment	Cancon, Sean Ross
Before January 1971, there was no requirement for Canadian radio stations to play any Canadian music. That changed when the Cancon rules came into effect. When a 30% non-negotiable quota was instituted, it gave birth to the modern Canadian music industry.
We're not the only nation in the world have such measures in place in order to promote domestic content. France, Nigeria, and a host of others do the same. They understand exactly what needs to be done to protect themselves against massive cultural exporters like the US and the UK.
Americans–at least those who are aware that a domestic Canadian music industry exists–find the whole notion of Cancon amusing. But then there are American radio consultants like Sean Ross who appreciate what we've done and managed to accomplish. He takes a look at what nearly 50 years of Cancon has wrought.
"About Canadian Content and radio, on the fiftieth anniversary of its mandate and next year's fiftieth birthday of its implementation: as broadcasters and regulators alike consider a pending review of the rules governing radio, likely to take place this fall, some thoughts, offered as a fan.
Canadian music and radio have been an influence on me at every stage of my nearly 40 years in the business. Searching out that music has taken different forms over the years.
"In the early '70s, it was hearing CKLW at night in Central New Jersey, then seeking out CHUM, CKOC, and whoever else I could hear in the Northeast.
"In the early '80s, when I was in college in Michigan, it was badgering the PD of CJOM Windsor for access to his discard singles.
"In the mid-'80s, when I was working for Radio & Records in Los Angeles, and no longer in earshot of Canadian radio, it was asking the trade publication's Canadian reporters to send me care packages of the songs I otherwise knew only as titles on a playlist.
"In the late '80s, when I was back in the Northeast, I made a driving trip over a holiday weekend. I spent 40 minutes at the Fort Erie border crossing trying to explain to customs why I was driving to Hamilton to buy records. It was because I'd have more time in the stores before they closed than going to Toronto.
"In the late '90s, streaming made it possible for me to keep up with Canadian radio and music all the time. CKZZ (Z95.3) Vancouver, B.C., was one of the first available CHRs, and in 1997-98, I spent as much time with them as I did with WHTZ (Z100) New York or my local stations.
"Within a few years, any Canadian song was a click away."
Keep reading.
← Random music news for Friday, July 17, 2020
Canadian musicians continue to struggle with no gigs in sight →
The Rise of Streaming and What It Means for Radio
How accurately have radio stations been portrayed in movies and TV? Let's rate a few of them.
June 1, 2020 June 1, 2020 Alan Cross	0
How We Discover New Music
April 3, 2014 April 2, 2014 Alan Cross	0
One thought on "An American looks at nearly 50 years of Cancon rules"
Pingback:	July 16-17, 2020 – The Friendly News Brief


text:
Turbulence learning for turbulent times.
Six months back in the office since our WFH stint ended, and we've learned plenty. A particular type of learning became so important to us, that it's now a critical component to office life we'll keep front and centre in the year ahead. And I'm not talking about learning like we thought we knew it, either.
We're always learning – I get that. New software, new requirements, new content formats, new publishing platforms, new TIK TOK dances. I expect wherever possible, most businesses learn the same things as we do (except maybe the dances). Learning or 'upskilling' is not only expected, it's essential to business survival. Most people under the age of 30 will tell you they want to work in an environment where they are constantly learning. Most people over 30, approach it with growing exhaustion and resignation of sorts – contemplating the huge time and financial cost of getting smarter. And then there's people like me, who, no matter how many lessons and demonstrations they've had, still need help with the printer.
In our field, learning usually falls to technical subjects sitting under gargantuan headings like 'digital marketing' or 'digital design'. But what about the other kind of workplace learning we need to do, whatever side of 20, 30, 40 or 50 you sit on? I'm talking about emotional and psychological learning that includes emotional intelligence and personal development, and spans skills like listening, empathy, patience and communication. I'm not sure learning these things have really been prioritised in business until now. At this moment, that's the stuff we need to learn, as quickly as we can, especially while everyone is feeling anxious about everything.
Our Emotional Education
This year we discovered we needed to learn ways to strengthen our resilience, to help ourselves and each other cope – at work and at home. And at our agency, with no HR department or anyone with any kind of related discipline on our team, we would need to lead that learning ourselves.
It's the kind of learning that modern dilemma philosopher Alain de Botton describes as helping with our 'ability to introspect and communicate, to read the moods of others, to relate with patience, charity and imagination to the less edifying moments of those around us.'
It was this kind of learning we needed, to deal with the local and global catastrophe of the past year. We had to find ways to help each other keep on learning – to cope, survive and somehow evolve amid a general mood of despair. We also wanted to be better at reading the signs – to anticipate and acknowledge our charged emotions that could, if not checked, become roadblocks to our ability to focus and do our jobs.
We started with the acknowledgement of fear and anxiety in places and situations where we weren't used to feeling it.
Commuting to and from work was anxiety-inducing. So was being in a bar or a gym, attending a cricket or tennis match, going to the beach…all these things that were so normal – so ingrained in our lives, that of course we took them for granted. They were simple, basic freedoms to enjoy, accessible to most. Until they weren't. There was also a daily conflict between the leaders of our states and territories, which led to people being mad at people in cities or states, other than their own. And adding to that tension was the complexity that one group's freedoms (through restrictions being lifted), in turn, threatened another's – which they sometimes did. This was just bizarre. And then there was the traumatic impact of global news reports on our already fragile mental state. There's a kind of omnipresent anxiety and fear everywhere we turn – on every platform we use – and reflected in just about everything we read or watch or listen to. We understood this was like being clobbered with an emotional sledge hammer, because that's exactly how it felt. And if we didn't somehow learn to address it, things would get worse.
Find the thing that brings respite through humour or empathy or insight – then bring it into the workplace.
We needed to ensure time spent at work was a positive experience. We couldn't control what happened outside our walls – but we could control what happened inside them.
Acknowledgement of some of the good things happening was important. Someone attended their first live concert in 8 months, someone else went to a cabaret show, returned to a much-loved restaurant, went to a wedding (and danced!). These were small but important nuggets of good news that brought some much-needed balance back into our daily orbit.
We also began to actively share forces for good when we found them. We shared books, articles, blogs, docos, podcasts, series (Schitt's Creek we love you) and even artists with a sense of humour about the world. This provided us with a pile of resources and stories and perspectives that educated us, made us smarter in ways we hadn't thought of. It also gave us a much-needed laugh about things that were sometimes the source of stress (a shout out must go to _meanmachine on Insta for the precise insight into our minds and the laughs you gave us). This kind of casual sharing was so important because it didn't feel like contrived team bonding – it simply started out as a survival tactic that became a really important daily ritual.
We talked about it. And often. Talking about feelings of being scared/frustrated/angry/tired/depressed brought relief. Mostly there was someone who felt the same way – or was moving through the same thing. A simple acknowledgement 'I know what you mean because I feel that way, too…' can go a long way to making people feel better and less alone. People felt heard in a supportive environment and discussions were respectful regarding different perspectives people had about things. We needed to talk about the slog of it and what our hopes were for a time when it was over.
Carve out the calm
We also learned to live with the acceptance that there was a lot of things we couldn't control – including where the work would come from next. We learned that acknowledging it helped stress and its bedfellow, anxiety, pass through rather than get stuck in our heads. This helped bring a sense of calm – rather than anxious reaction – to our motivation. And this helped us lead from a positive place. No matter the size of the team – or company – people take their cultural cues from the people in charge. An atmosphere of calm in chaotic world is needed to think; make decisions, devise a plan, chart a course. The goal was to stick to the plan, expect the unexpected and get as prepared as we could in the event of the inevitable roadblocks.
Mostly, we did all these things out of self-preservation. These small but significant changes in our workplace have led us on an inclusive and evolving learning journey. It's DIY, and we don't always get it right. But we've learned through listening to each other a lot better than we used to, that there were a lot of coping strategies readily available to us – we just needed to be able to see them, or have someone point them out amid the fog of weariness and resignation. Because there's always a path forward.


"Almost everything - all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure - these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important.
Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You are already naked. There is no reason not to follow your heart."
© 2012-2017 Ray's Connecting Point. All rights reserved.


Hat tip to Jay Jaffe, who tweeted this out a bit ago. It's from Scott Raab at Esquire from 2001. He spent a couple of days with Zimmer at his home near Tampa during the 2000-01 offseason and got a true taste of the man.
The thing about Zimmer: he became something of a mascot in his later years in the mind of many people, but he was never that. Sure, he was colorful, but that whole "sweet old funny Zimmer" thing is only part of the story. He was a sure-thing shortstop prospect until he had two vicious beanings that derailed his career before it really got going. He was often thought of as a bit of a comedian when he payed, but was a gruff figure as a manager. Then the latter years as coach.
The truth is this: Joe Torre doesn't make a move without asking Zimmer what he thinks.
Just a fantastic story that, even 13 years before the subject's death, serves as a wonderful remembrance.


text:
Upper Midwest Water Science Center
Chemicals of Concern in the Great Lakes Basin
The Great Lakes are an important freshwater source of drinking water, fisheries, and habitat. Chemicals of concern are introduced to the environment by human activities, but resulting ecological consequences are little understood. With federal and University partners, we are characterizing the presence of contaminants and potential effects to fish in Great Lakes tributaries.
USGS hydrologist processes a sediment sample on the St. Louis River near Duluth, Minnesota. (Credit: Jeffrey Ziegeweid, USGS)
Study Objectives: This study aims to identify the occurrence and distribution of selected contaminants of concern in surface water and bottom sediment, and characterize potential effects to fish and wildlife across the U.S. portion of the Great Lakes Basin. This project is a collaboration with U.S. Fish and Wildlife as part of their 'Early warning program to detect and identify emerging contaminants and their effects to fish and wildlife' project funded through the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative.
Study locations include 24 tributaries to the Great Lakes located in Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois, Michigan, Ohio, and New York. Water and sediment samples were collected during 2010 to 2014 and analyzed for approximately 200 contaminants including: pharmaceuticals, hormones, fragrances, and other chemicals indicative of wastewater sources. The first two years of the study targeted sites with known contaminant sources (e.g. sewer outfalls) and were mostly focused near major metropolitan areas. Subsequent years targeted additional sites to capture other land uses and were designed to achieve a better understanding of the occurrence and distribution of contaminants throughout a range of watersheds.
Locations of sites sampled along US tributaries to the Great Lakes (Credit: USGS)
Sarah M Elliott
Email: selliott@usgs.gov
Stephanie Hummel
Fish & Wildlife Biologist
US Fish & Wildlife Service
Email: stephanie_hummel@fws.gov
sediment quality
Contaminants and Pathogens
Science by State
Rural Water Quality
Stream Water Quality
Urban Water Quality
Data indicate that many of the studied contaminants are ubiquitous across the sampled tributaries and reflect land uses within the watershed. Concentrations of several contaminants exceeded sediment and/or water-quality targets, indicating those contaminants may pose a risk to aquatic biota. Surface waters within watersheds dominated by agricultural land use tended to have more pesticides, whereas waters near urban areas tended to have more pharmaceuticals and wastewater indicators. Additionally, contaminants were detected in complex mixtures highlighting the complicated nature of understanding sources, occurrence, and ecological effects of the contaminants.
To aid in understanding what influences contaminant presence in the environment, a vulnerability tool was developed using statistical models to predict the occurrence of contaminants in surface water and sediment. We used boosted regression tree methods to predict the occurrence of specific classes of contaminants using watershed characteristics such as land use, number of point sources, proximity to nearest point source, and road density. Overall, developed land use and proximity to point sources were important factors in determining the presence of contaminants, but results varied by contaminant class and media (surface water vs. sediment). This vulnerability tool can be used by to inform susceptibility of fisheries and other aquatic management activities to contaminant exposure. Currently, we are collecting additional data to test and validate the statistical models developed for the vulnerability tool.
Below are publications associated with this project.
Select Year2018 (2)2017 (2)
Select TypeArticle (4)
Environmentally relevant chemical mixtures of concern in waters of United States tributaries to the Great Lakes
The North American Great Lakes are a vital natural resource that provide fish and wildlife habitat, as well as drinking water and waste assimilation services for millions of people. Tributaries to the Great Lakes receive chemical inputs from various point and nonpoint sources, and thus are expected to have complex mixtures of chemicals. However,...
Elliott, Sarah M.; Brigham, Mark E.; Kiesling, Richard L.; Schoenfuss, Heiko L.; Jorgenson, Zachary G.
Attribution: Minnesota Water Science Center, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, Upper Midwest Water Science Center, Water Resources
Elliott, S.M., Brigham, M.E., Kiesling, R.L., Schoenfuss, H.L., Jorgenson, Z.G., 2018, Environmentally relevant chemical mixtures of concern in surface waters of United States tributaries to the Great Lakes
Contaminants of emerging concern presence and adverse effects in fish: A case study in the Laurentian Great Lakes
The Laurentian Great Lakes are a valuable natural resource that is affected by contaminants of emerging concern (CECs), including sex steroid hormones, personal care products, pharmaceuticals, industrial chemicals, and new generation pesticides. However, little is known about the fate and biological effects of CECs in tributaries to the Great...
Jorgenson, Zachary G.; Thomas, Linnea M.; Elliott, Sarah M.; Cavallin, Jenna E.; Randolph, Eric C.; Choy, Steven J.; Alvarez, David; Banda, Jo A.; Gefell, Daniel J.; Lee, Kathy E.; Furlong, Edward T.; Schoenfuss, Heiko L.
Attribution: Columbia Environmental Research Center, Minnesota Water Science Center, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, Upper Midwest Water Science Center, Water Resources, United States of America
Jorgenson, Z.G., Thomas, L.M., Elliott, S.M., Cavallin, J.E., Randolph, E.C., Choy, S.J., Alvarez, D.A., Banda, J.A., Gefell, D.J., Lee, K.E., Furlong E.T., Shocenfuss, H.L., 2018, Contaminants of emerging concern presence and adverse effects in fish: A case study in the Laurentian Great Lakes, Environmental Pollution 236, p. 718-733. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.01.070
Contaminants of emerging concern in tributaries to the Laurentian Great Lakes: I. Patterns of occurrence
Human activities introduce a variety of chemicals to the Laurentian Great Lakes including pesticides, pharmaceuticals, flame retardants, plasticizers, and solvents (collectively referred to as contaminants of emerging concern or CECs) potentially threatening the vitality of these valuable ecosystems. We conducted a basin-wide study to identify the...
Elliott, Sarah M.; Brigham, Mark E.; Lee, Kathy E.; Banda, Jo A.; Choy, Steven J.; Gefell, Daniel J.; Minarik, Thomas A.; Moore, Jeremy N.; Jorgenson, Zachary G.
Elliott SM, Brigham ME, Lee KE, Banda JA, Choy SJ, Gefell DJ, et al. (2017) Contaminants of emerging concern in tributaries to the Laurentian Great Lakes: I. Patterns of occurrence. PLoS ONE 12(9): e0182868. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0182868
Contaminants of emerging concern in tributaries to the Laurentian Great Lakes: II. Biological consequences of exposure
The Laurentian Great Lakes contain one fifth of the world's surface freshwater and have been impacted by human activity since the Industrial Revolution. In addition to legacy contaminants, nitrification and invasive species, this aquatic ecosystem is also the recipient of Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs) with poorly understood biological...
Thomas, Linnea M.; Jorgenson, Zachary G.; Brigham, Mark E.; Choy, Steven J.; Moore, Jeremy N.; Banda, Jo A.; Gefell, D.J.; Minarik, Thomas A.; Schoenfuss, Heiko L.
Thomas, L. M.; Jorgenson, Z. G.; Brigham, M. E.; Choy, S. J.; Moore, J. N.; Banda, J. A.; Gefell, D. J.; Minarik, T. A.; Schoenfuss, H. L., Contaminants of emerging concern in tributaries to the Laurentian Great Lakes: II. Biological consequences of exposure. PLOS ONE 2017, 12 (9), e0184725.
Below are partners associated with this project.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS)


text:
package util.structures

/**
 * Set of enums
 * Created by CAB on 22.09.14.
 */

trait FoundBy
object FoundBy{
  case object Unknown extends FoundBy
  case object Search extends FoundBy
  case object Analyse extends FoundBy
  def formString(s:String):FoundBy = s match{
    case "Unknown" => Unknown
    case "Search" => Search
    case "Analyse" => Analyse
    case _ => throw new Exception("Error on parse: " + s)}}

trait Payment
object Payment{
  case object Unknown extends Payment
  case object Hourly extends Payment
  case object Budget extends Payment}

trait PaymentMethod
object PaymentMethod{
  case object Unknown extends PaymentMethod
  case object Verified extends PaymentMethod
  case object No extends PaymentMethod}

trait Employment
object Employment{
  case object Unknown extends Employment
  case object AsNeeded extends Employment
  case object Full extends Employment
  case object Part extends Employment}

trait InitiatedBy
object InitiatedBy{
  case object Unknown extends InitiatedBy
  case object Freelancer extends InitiatedBy
  case object Client extends InitiatedBy}

trait SkillLevel
object SkillLevel{
  case object Unknown extends SkillLevel
  case object Entry extends SkillLevel
  case object Intermediate extends SkillLevel
  case object Expert extends SkillLevel}

trait WorkerType
object WorkerType{
  case object Unknown extends WorkerType
  case object Freelancer extends WorkerType
  case object Manager extends WorkerType}

trait JobState
object JobState{
  case object Unknown extends JobState
  case object InProcess extends JobState
  case object End extends JobState}

trait JobAvailable
object JobAvailable{
  case object Unknown extends JobAvailable
  case object Yes extends JobAvailable
  case object No extends JobAvailable
  def formString(s:String):JobAvailable = s match{
    case "Unknown" => Unknown
    case "Yes" => Yes
    case "No" => No
    case _ => throw new Exception("Error on parse: " + s)}}

trait Verified
object Verified{
  case object Unknown extends Verified
  case object Yes extends Verified
  case object No extends Verified
  def formString(s:String):Verified = s match{
    case "Unknown" => Unknown
    case "Yes" => Yes
    case "No" => No
    case _ => throw new Exception("Error on parse: " + s)}}

trait Allowed
object Allowed{
  case object Unknown extends Allowed
  case object Yes extends Allowed
  case object No extends Allowed
  def formString(s:String):Allowed = s match{
    case "Unknown" => Unknown
    case "Yes" => Yes
    case "No" => No
    case _ => throw new Exception("Error on parse: " + s)}}

trait Hidden
object Hidden{
  case object Unknown extends Hidden
  case object Yes extends Hidden
  case object No extends Hidden
  def formString(s:String):Hidden = s match{
    case "Unknown" => Unknown
    case "Yes" => Yes
    case "No" => No
    case _ => throw new Exception("Error on parse: " + s)}}

trait Public
object Public{
  case object Unknown extends Public
  case object Yes extends Public
  case object No extends Public
  def formString(s:String):Public = s match{
    case "Unknown" => Unknown
    case "Yes" => Yes
    case "No" => No
    case _ => throw new Exception("Error on parse: " + s)}}

trait FreelancerAvailable
object FreelancerAvailable{
  case object Unknown extends FreelancerAvailable
  case object FullTime extends FreelancerAvailable
  case object PartTime extends FreelancerAvailable
  case object LessThen extends FreelancerAvailable
  def formString(s:String):FreelancerAvailable = s match{
    case "Unknown" => Unknown
    case "FullTime" => FullTime
    case "PartTime" => PartTime
    case "LessThen" => LessThen
    case _ => throw new Exception("Error on parse: " + s)}}

trait Update
object Update{
  case object Unknown extends Update
  case object NeedUpdate extends Update
  case object Updated extends Update
  def formString(s:String):Update = s match{
    case "Unknown" => Unknown
    case "NeedUpdate" => NeedUpdate
    case "Updated" => Updated
    case _ => throw new Exception("Error on parse: " + s)}}

trait Access
object Access{
  case object Unknown extends Access
  case object Pubic extends Access
  case object Private extends Access
  def formString(s:String):Access = s match{
    case "Unknown" => Unknown
    case "Pubic" => Pubic
    case "Private" => Private
    case _ => throw new Exception("Error on parse: " + s)}}

trait Status
object Status{
  case object Unknown extends Status
  case object Active extends Status
  case object Closed extends Status
  def formString(s:String):Status = s match{
    case "Unknown" => Unknown
    case "Active" => Active
    case "Closed" => Closed
    case _ => throw new Exception("Error on parse: " + s)}}

trait Client
object Client{
  case object Unknown extends Client
  case object Yes extends Client
  case object No extends Client
  def formString(s:String):Client = s match{
    case "Unknown" => Unknown
    case "Yes" => Yes
    case "No" => No
    case _ => throw new Exception("Error on parse: " + s)}}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub