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"Stealing Genius" nominated for JUNO AWARD for Vocal Jazz Album of the Year
by Amy McConnell	on February 4, 2014 January 28, 2016
AMY MCCONNELL & WILLIAM SPERANDEI
RECEIVE JUNO AWARD NOMINATION
FOR THEIR DEBUT ALBUM "STEALING GENIUS"
Just announced – Amy McConnell and William Sperandei receive a 2014 Juno Award nomination in the Vocal Jazz Album of the Year category for their debut album"Stealing Genuis".
"We are very excited about the nomination! We would like the thank the Juno Nomination Committee for considering our album for a Juno and we are hopeful for a favourable outcome. Thanks again!"
– William Sperandei
They are extremely excited to be recognized for this album and are looking forward to being a part of this year's Juno Awards ceremony at the MTS Centre in Winnipeg, MB.
"We are absolutely thrilled to be getting this kind of recognition for 'Stealing Genius.' ~This is my first album, so for me it's kind of surreal. ~We had so many talented people who worked with us on this album – Mark Kieswetter, our music director and piano player, our bassist Ross MacIntyre, our drummer Larnell Lewis, our guitar player Rob Piltch and our amazing producer Doug Romanow – that I felt pretty fortunate already! ~We've also had incredible support from the Canadian jazz community and that means so much to us. ~I guess happy and grateful describes how I'm feeling right now. ~And of course, my mind is moving on to the next big question…
What will I wear to the Junos?"
– Amy McConnell
Last year was a big year for McConnell and Sperandei. The pair reached the top of the Jazz charts across Canada, as well as received rave reviews in the Toronto Star, The Globe & Mail and The Whole Note (to name a few). To top it off, some even predicted this nomination!
"For its jaw-dropping chutzpah~'Stealing Genius'~deserves a Juno… Sperandei's playing is lush and well-matched to McConnell voice. Pianist Mark Kieswetter's arrangements are intuitively right and Douglas Romanow's production brings a big-money feel"
–Peter Goddard, Toronto Star
"If Amy had been better known in 2012~she would be up for a Juno this season – that's how good~this debut is."
– Jaymz Bee, 91.1 Jazz FM
"The trumpet work by Mr. Sperandei is exquisite.
Ms. McConnell has restored my faith in Canadian female vocalists."
– Barrie Woodey, CHRW 94.9 FM
The album has no limits and the unifying thread is the artists themselves. It features songs that the duo love that include Edith Piaf, Led Zeppelin, Elvis, some 1950s R&B, the Beatles, as well as some 1930s and 1940s songs that are more traditionally jazz.
When working on the album, the concept was simple. Choose the best songs. Then, SERVE THE SONG. Before they interpreted a song, they asked themselves what it's about, what's the best way to express it? Is there something there that hasn't been brought out before? They never changed a tempo or arrangement just to be cool and different. It had to work with what the song is about. Amy brings melody & lyrics and William provides harmony and improvisation and it's all set to Mark Kieswetter's inspired jazz arrangements.
Old fashioned idea, but it works.
To hear more about the record, watch 'About their new album STEALING GENIUS with Amy McConnell & William Sperandei' on Youtube:
http://youtu.be/cyfsoSxt7PY
Amy McConnell & William Sperandei will appear at the Jazz Bistro, Toronto
March 20/21/22
http://www.jazzbistro.ca/
Both artists are available for interviews.
For more info, contact:
Jane Harbury Publicity • 29 Oxford Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1N8
416 960 1568 • jane@harbury.ca • bward@harbury.ca
Wake up!… with Heather Bambrick
by Amy McConnell	on July 29, 2013 July 29, 2013
Amy will be on JAZZFM.91 on Tuesday, July 30th at around 9:15AM (talking to the lovely and talented Heather Bambrick) to promote her upcoming show with Lyne Tremblay, "From Paris with Love."
"From Paris with Love" is part of the first annual JAZZ.FM91's World Music Festival and features different world music every night. The festival takes place at Hugh's Room and goes from Tuesday, August 6th to Saturday, August 10th. "From Paris with Love" is on Friday, August 9th. It features vocalists Amy McConnell & Lyne Tremblay singing the music of Piaf, Brel, Trenet, Legrand and many more. The band features Mark Kieswetter on piano, Jesse Barksdale on guitar, Drew Jurecka on violin, Fabrice Sicco on accordion, Ross MacIntyre on bass and Ernesto Cervini on drums.
JAZZ.FM91 World Music Festival | From Paris with Love
by Amy McConnell	on July 8, 2013 May 28, 2014
Friday, August 9th, 2013 at 8:30PM, JAZZ.FM91 presents an evening of French Jazz featuring Amy McConnell & Lyne Tremblay, with Mark Kieswetter on piano, Jesse Barskdale on guitar, Drew Jurecka on violin, Fabrice Sicco on accordion, Ross MacIntyre on bass and Ernesto Cervini on drums.
We will be performing the songs of Michel Legrand, Edith Piaf, Jacques Brel, Django Reinhardt, Josephine Baker and more.
This performance is part of the first annual JAZZ.FM91 World Music Festival – with 5 concerts running from Tuesday, August 6, 2013 to Saturday, August 10, 2013 at Hugh's Room. The festival showcases jazz fusion from around the world featuring an eclectic mix of international and local jazz artists.
Tickets are $39.50 each or $99.50 3 Show Pass. Call Hugh's Room at (416) 531-6604 or go to http://hughsroom.com/2013/06/jazz-fm91-world-music-festival-france/
TD Toronto Jazz Festival Performance
by Amy McConnell	on June 25, 2013 May 23, 2013
TD TORONTO JAZZ FESTIVAL
Venue: Distillery District – Pure Spirits Patio
Date: Tue Jun 25 6:00pm
Ticket Price: Free Admission
VOCALS – Amy McConnell • TRUMPET – William Sperandei • PIANO – Mark Kieswetter • BASS – Ross MacIntyre • DRUMS – Ben Riley
http://torontojazz.com/concert/amy-mcconnell-william-sperendei-quartet
Live to Air on JAZZ.FM91 on Tues, Apr 30th @ 7PM
by Amy McConnell	on April 15, 2013 May 2, 2013
JAZZ.FM91′s International Jazz Day Open House
On TUES, APR 30 @ 7PM.
JAZZ.FM91 will hold an evening Open House and welcome in our listeners and locals musicians for a night of music. At 7:00 pm in our Performance Hall we'll invite Amy McConnell and William Sperandei's Quintet to perform Live to Air and then at 8:00 local instrumental group Triodes. Tune in jazz.fm!
by Amy McConnell	on December 5, 2012 February 3, 2014
Amy McConnell
William Sperandei
Stealing Genius Album Cover
Amy McConnell and William Sperandei


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Chapter Outline
Digestion and Absorption
Carbohydrate Digestion and Absorption
Protein Digestion and Absorption
Fat Digestion and Absorption
Fluids and Electrolytes
Anatomic Classification of Malabsorption
Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disorders
Gastric Disorders
Small Bowel Disorders
Diagnosis of Malabsorption: Clinical Perspective
Bacterial Overgrowth
Jejunoileal Diverticulosis
Progressive Systemic Sclerosis, Visceral Neuropathies, and Myopathies
Epithelial Cell Damage
Tropical Sprue
Whipple's Disease
Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis
Short Gut Syndrome
Nonformation of Chylomicrons
Abetalipoproteinemia
Lymphatic Obstruction and Lymphangiectasia
Multifactorial Diseases
Differential Diagnosis of Fold Enlargement in Malabsorption
Malabsorption is caused by a variety of diseases originating in the liver and biliary tree, pancreas, and small intestine. Normal digestion and absorption are presented as a background for understanding intestinal malfunction. A description of diseases of the small intestine that result in malabsorption is then presented.
The components of most foods (carbohydrates, proteins, and fats) cannot be used in their natural state. Foods must first be digested and then absorbed by the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Proper functioning of the stomach, liver and biliary tree, pancreas, and small bowel and, to a lesser degree, salivary glands and colon, is required for normal digestion and absorption of food.
Carbohydrates account for 40% to 50% of daily caloric intake. Ingested carbohydrates are derived from plants, except for lactose, which originates in dairy products. Simple sugars include the monosaccharides, fructose and glucose, and the disaccharides, sucrose and lactose. Starches are soluble polymers of glucose found in the cell walls of plants. The starches are α-amylose, a linear polymer of glucose, and amylopectin, a branched form of glucose. Dietary fibers are nondigestible carbohydrates (nonstarch polysaccharides) that are structural components of plant cell walls.
The GI tract is adapted for digesting carbohydrates to a monosaccharide form that can be transported across the epithelium of the small intestine. Luminal digestion of starches is accomplished by amylase secreted by the parotid gland and pancreas. Salivary amylase is of minor importance because this enzyme is deactivated in the acidic environment of the stomach. Amylase digestion of starches is so efficient that starch digestion is more dependent on the form of the starch than on the availability of luminal amylase. Amylase deficiency is present only in cases of severe pancreatic insufficiency.
Enzymes on the apical membrane of the enterocytes are responsible for further digestion of the products of luminal digestion and breakdown of disaccharides. For example, sucrose isomaltase is an enzyme that cleaves sucrose into glucose and fructose. Brush border lactase cleaves lactose into glucose and galactose. This enzyme is critical for mammalian survival because early nutrition is provided by the mother's milk. The monosaccharides are then brought across the epithelium by passive diffusion, facilitative transport of proteins, or sodium-coupled active transport.
Colonic bacteria digest dietary fiber that reaches the colon, producing a variety of products, including short-chain fatty acids, methane, and hydrogen. Short-chain fatty acids are rapidly absorbed in the colon, providing energy for colonic epithelial cells.
Digestion of lactose, sucrose, and starches is incomplete because digestion depends on the type of food and contact time with the brush border. Between 2% and 20% of starch is not digested. Most small bowel diseases result in global dysfunction of the intestinal mucosa, leading to carbohydrate malabsorption, with subsequent diarrhea, flatulence, and weight loss. Specific disaccharidase deficiencies result in similar symptoms. For example, trehalose is a disaccharide of glucose found in insects, yeasts, and mushrooms. As a result, people who are trehalase-deficient have severe diarrhea after ingestion of mushrooms.
Proteins in the lumen of the GI tract derive from the diet (70-100 g/day), from salivary, gastric, pancreatic, and biliary secretions (30 g/day), and from sloughed epithelial cells (30 g/day). Protein digestion begins in the stomach. Inactive precursors (pepsinogens) are secreted from chief cells and are activated to pepsins in the acidic environment of the stomach. Proteins in the gastric lumen are digested to a mixture of large polypeptides, smaller oligopeptides, and free amino acids.
The exocrine pancreas secretes five inactive precursor zymogens into the duodenal lumen. Enteropeptidase (enterokinase) on the brush border of the duodenal enterocytes converts trypsinogen into trypsin. Trypsin then activates the remainder of the pancreatic zymogens—chymotrypsinogen, proelastase, and procarboxypeptidases A and B. These pancreatic enzymes break proteins into oligopeptides (60%-70%) and free amino acids (30%-40%). Peptidases on the brush border of the enterocytes further degrade the intraluminal oligopeptides, resulting in a mixture of tripeptides, dipeptides, and free amino acids. Distinct transport systems separately transport free amino acids and peptides of two to three amino acids into the epithelial cells. Various peptidases within the enterocytes further digest the small polypeptides. Amino acids leave the enterocytes via transport mechanisms across the basal membrane, passing into the portal circulation.
The sources of fat include diet (120-150 g), biliary secretions (40-50 g), and sloughed intestinal cells and bacteria. Most dietary fat is composed of neutral fats, long-chain triglycerides. Phospholipids and sterols (including cholesterol) comprise only a small percentage of dietary fat.
Lipid digestion begins in the stomach with the hydrolysis of triglycerides by gastric and salivary lipase; 20% to 30% of intraluminal fat digestion occurs in the stomach. The grinding action of the antrum helps reduce triglycerides into smaller particles. The fat globules are dispersed in a stable form with a large surface area, termed emulsification. Gastric lipid digestion has an increased role in patients with cystic fibrosis or a partial gastrectomy.
After chyme reaches the small intestine, bile salts and lecithin secreted by the liver solubilize the fat, allowing the fat to be broken into smaller droplets by the agitating action of the small bowel. Lipolytic enzymes secreted by the pancreas break triglycerides, phospholipids, and sterol esters into their component monoglycerides and free fatty acids. Bile salts combine with the monoglycerides and free fatty acids to form micelles. The micelles deliver the breakdown products of fat to the microvilli of the epithelial cell brush border.
After brush border uptake, long-chain fatty acids and monoglycerides are delivered to smooth endoplasmic reticulum in the cytoplasm for resynthesis into complex lipids. Phospholipids, an important component of cell membranes, are synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Triglycerides resynthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum of enterocytes are secreted by enterocytes as lipoproteins. These lipoproteins are multimolecular aggregates of lipid and protein, with a configuration that allows transport through aqueous intracellular fluid or plasma. Lecithin is the primary phospholipid in lipoproteins and is derived primarily from bile salts (10-20 g/day) or diet (5-10 g/day). Cholesterol is primarily derived from biliary secretions (1-2 g/day), with a minor component (0.2-0.5 g/day) from the diet.
Most dietary fat enters the lymphatic circulation through lacteals located in each villus and is then passed via mesenteric lymphatics to the thoracic duct and superior vena cava. About 25% of triglycerides are transported to the liver bound to albumin.
Digestion of fat is very efficient. Almost all dietary triglyceride is absorbed by enterocytes. No ingested triglyceride is found in the colon. The small amount of fecal fat (<7 g/day) is derived from phospholipids in sloughed intestinal membranes or intestinal bacteria. After micelle delivery, bile salts return to the small bowel lumen to solubilize more free fatty acids and monoglycerides. Eventually, conjugated bile salts (95%) are resorbed in the ileum via an active sodium-coupled process. Some bile salts are passively absorbed in the proximal small intestine. Fecal loss of bile salts is balanced by synthesis of bile in the liver.
Diarrhea and malabsorption are not synonymous. Malabsorption may occur in some diarrheal states. A large volume of fluid (8-10 L) enters the GI lumen each day, but only 100 mL of fluid is normally excreted in the feces. The daily fluid load includes about 2 L of oral intake, 0.5 to 1.5 L of saliva, 2.5 L of gastric juice, 0.5 L of bile, 1.5 L of pancreatic secretions, and 1 L of intestinal secretions. The small bowel absorbs about 7 L of fluid daily, with 1.5 to 1.9 L of fluid reaching the colon. The colon is capable of resorbing up to 4 L of fluid on a daily basis. Diarrhea therefore occurs if more than 4 L of fluid reaches the colon or if abnormally functioning colonic mucosa cannot resorb the 1.9 L of fluid that normally enters the colon each day.
In summary, carbohydrate digestion requires a functioning pancreas and small bowel brush border enzymes. Normal protein digestion requires adequate gastric and pancreatic function and small bowel brush border enzymes. Fat digestion requires normal hepatic, biliary, exocrine, pancreatic, and small bowel function. An anatomic classification of malabsorption by abnormalities of the liver, biliary tree, stomach, and small intestine aids the radiologist in understanding malabsorption ( Table 43-1 ).
TABLE 43-1
Anatomically Oriented Classification of Malabsorption
Disease or Condition
Pancreatic enzyme inactivation by acid
Postgastrectomy
Rapid transit of nutrients, dilution of pancreatic enzymes
Pernicious anemia
Intrinsic factor deficiency (vitamin B 12 malabsorption)
Chronic pancreatitis, cystic fibrosis, pancreatic cancer
Decreased pancreatic enzyme and bicarbonate secretion
Liver, biliary tree
Severe parenchymal liver disease
Decreased bile salt formation
Cholestatic liver disease (primary biliary cirrhosis, drug-induced cholestasis), bile duct obstruction (bile duct carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, gallstones, sclerosing cholangitis)
Decreased bile salt delivery to duodenum
Jejunal diverticulosis, scleroderma, small intestinal fistulas, stricture in Crohn's disease, diabetes, pseudo-obstruction
Stasis with bacterial overgrowth, bile salt deconjugation
Crohn's disease, small intestinal resection, cholecystocolonic fistula
Increased bile salt loss
Lactase deficiency, Crohn's disease
Disaccharidase deficiency
Celiac disease, tropical sprue, Whipple's disease, eosinophilic gastroenteritis, radiation enteropathy, Crohn's disease, intestinal ischemia, ileal resection
Loss of normal epithelial cells
Lymphangiectasia, lymphoma, tuberculosis, carcinoid
Lymphatic obstruction
Diabetes mellitus, giardiasis, adrenal insufficiency, hyperthyroidism, hypogammaglobulinemia, amyloidosis, AIDS
From Rubesin SE, Rubin RA, Herlinger H: Small bowel malabsorption: Clinical and radiological perspectives. Radiology 184:297–305, 1992.
Bile salt insufficiency caused by biliary obstruction or decreased hepatic synthesis leads to mild malabsorption. Any disease that destroys pancreatic exocrine tissue decreases bicarbonate and pancreatic enzyme secretion. Maldigestion does not occur until 90% of the pancreatic exocrine tissue has been destroyed. The most common cause of pancreas-related maldigestion is alcohol-related pancreatitis. Patients with cystic fibrosis have malabsorption, but this is a less common disease.
Diseases of the stomach may cause mild malabsorptive states. Patients with pernicious anemia have decreased production of intrinsic factor, leading to vitamin B 12 deficiency. In patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, inflammation and ulceration in the duodenum and first several loops of jejunum cause diarrhea, not malabsorption. About one third of patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome have diarrhea related to gastric hypersecretion and intestinal mucosal damage. Mild malabsorption results from excess acid entering the duodenum, which inactivates pancreatic enzymes.
Malabsorption can result from a wide variety of mechanisms beginning in the intestinal lumen and extending deep to the small mesentery (see Table 43-1 ).
Bacterial Overgrowth (Intraluminal Stasis)
Any disease that causes stasis in the lumen of the small intestine can lead to bacterial overgrowth and small bowel dysfunction ( Box 43-1 ). Disorders that cause chronic small bowel obstruction (e.g., Crohn's disease, adhesions) may result in stagnation and bacterial overgrowth. Diseases with intrinsic small bowel hypomotility (e.g., diabetes, scleroderma, jejunal diverticulosis) can also lead to stasis and bacterial overgrowth. Stasis in surgical blind loops or the afferent loop of a gastrojejunostomy can also result in bacterial overgrowth.
Box 43-1
Diseases Causing Small Bowel Hypomotility and Malabsorption *
* Disorders typically having a malabsorptive state are highlighted in bold.
Familial visceral neuropathies
Familial visceral myopathies
Collagen-Vascular Disorders
Progressive systemic sclerosis
Dermatomyositis, polymyositis
Periarteritis nodosa
Neurologic Diseases
Phenothiazines
Antiparkinson medications
Ganglionic blockers
Radiation enteritis
Jejunal diverticulosis
Data from Rubesin SE: Diseases of the small bowel causing malabsorption. In Taveras JM, Ferrucci JT (eds): Radiology: Diagnosis, Imaging, Intervention. Philadelphia, JB Lippincott, 1993, pp 1–17.
In patients with bacterial overgrowth, malabsorption is related to several mechanisms, including intraluminal bacterial deconjugation of bile salts and fermentation of carbohydrates. Concomitant epithelial cell dysfunction may be present. Bacterial digestion of malabsorbed fat forms compounds that can stimulate small bowel or colonic secretion. Solutes of malabsorbed carbohydrates and deconjugated bile salts are also osmotically active, resulting in water and electrolyte loss.
Brush Border Disease
Brush border enzyme deficiencies or transport mechanism deficiencies may cause osmotic diarrhea, malabsorption, or both. The most common example of osmotic diarrhea caused by brush border disaccharidase deficiency is so-called lactase deficiency (lactose-phlorizin hydrolase deficiency) with lactose intolerance. The norm for most people is for brush border lactose-phlorizin hydrolase levels to decline in older children and adolescents to 5% to 10% of early childhood levels. As a result, lactase-phlorizin hydrolase deficiency is the norm, and the ingestion of dairy products can lead to diarrhea, flatulence, and cramps in most adults. Preservation of lactose-phlorizin hydrolase is an autosomally recessive trait, found typically in northern Europeans. Intermediate activity of this enzyme is found in heterozygotes.
Mucosal Damage
Inflammation or necrosis of crypt cells and immature villous cells causes secretory diarrhea. Blood, pus, and mucus in the intestinal lumen lead to osmotic diarrhea. Widespread epithelial damage is therefore characterized by a combination of osmotic and secretory diarrhea and nutrient malabsorption. Diseases that destroy proximal small bowel epithelium cause generalized malabsorption of fats, proteins, carbohydrates, iron, and folate, whereas diseases that damage distal ileal mucosa primarily cause malabsorption of fat because of bile salt loss and vitamin B 12 deficiency. Mucosal diseases causing malabsorption typically involve relatively long segments of small bowel. These diseases are relatively uncommon, however; they include celiac disease, tropical sprue, Whipple's disease, and eosinophilic enteritis.
Postmucosal Disease
Any disorder that obstructs lacteals in the villi or lymphatics in the small bowel mesentery may cause fat malabsorption. In primary lymphangiectasia, for example, abnormal formation of lymphatics results in impaired absorption of chylomicrons and fat-soluble vitamins and loss of lymph into the intestinal lumen from lymphoenteric fistulas.
Diseases with Multifactorial Causes
Malabsorption is caused by several mechanisms in many diseases. In amyloidosis, for example, malabsorption can be attributed to stasis with bacterial overgrowth, mucosal destruction caused by ischemia, and disruption of nutrient absorption by amyloid deposition in the lamina propria. Fat malabsorption in hyperthyroidism is attributed to rapid small bowel transit.
Malabsorption is characterized by diarrhea, steatorrhea, excessive gas, abdominal pain, and weight loss. Diarrhea is caused by decreased intestinal absorption, colonic secretion of fluid induced by hydroxy fatty acids, and osmotic overload of bile salts and fatty acids. Steatorrhea is the term used for the bulky, foul-smelling, greasy stools caused by the malabsorption of fat. Excessive gas production is related to fermentation of carbohydrates by intestinal bacteria and results in borborygmi, flatulence, and abdominal distention. Abdominal pain has a variety of causes, including pancreatic inflammation, biliary disease, small bowel obstruction, and ischemia.
Unfortunately, adults with malabsorption often have an insidious presentation. Steatorrhea may be so mild that it is unrecognized by the patient. Mild steatorrhea is typical of low-grade bile duct obstruction, chronic hepatic disease, mild to moderate pancreatic insufficiency, and even mild celiac disease. Many patients with malabsorption present with symptoms related to a specific vitamin or nutrient deficiency. For example, vitamin A deficiency may cause night blindness, vitamin K deficiency results in easy bruisability, petechiae, or hematuria, vitamin D or calcium malabsorption results in paresthesias, tetany, or bone pain, and decreased absorption of folate, vitamin B, or iron may cause pallor, glossitis, stomatitis, and cheilosis.
The clinician has a broad array of laboratory tests and biopsies to make a diagnosis of malabsorption. The reader is referred to textbooks of gastroenterology for further description of these tests. Radiologic imaging in patients with a clinical diagnosis of malabsorption is performed as an adjunct to help identify diseases (e.g., jejunoileal diverticulosis) that cause malabsorption. Radiologic imaging is also used to detect complications of diseases that cause malabsorption (e.g., T-cell lymphoma arising in celiac disease).
A wide variety of disorders may cause small bowel hypomotility with resulting stasis and bacterial overgrowth (see Box 43-1 ) or intestinal pseudo-obstruction.
Small bowel diverticula are acquired protrusions of mucosa and submucosa on the mesenteric border of the small bowel, where the vasa recta pierce the muscularis propria. The diverticula are larger and more numerous in the jejunum, decreasing in size and number as they progress into the ileum. Jejunoileal diverticula develop in a heterogeneous group of disorders associated with abnormalities of smooth muscle or the myenteric plexus. Small bowel dysmotility is frequent. Some cases of jejunoileal diverticulosis may be a manifestation of systemic sclerosis or a forme fruste of isolated scleroderma.
Jejunoileal diverticulosis is not uncommon, occurring in about 2% of the population, but most people with jejunal diverticulosis are asymptomatic. In patients with numerous diverticula, stasis with bacterial overgrowth and malabsorptive symptoms may occur. Complications of jejunal diverticula, including GI obstruction or perforation, may cause abdominal symptoms.
Diverticula are readily identified on barium studies as 1- to 7-cm round, barium-filled sacs on the mesenteric border of the small bowel ( Fig. 43-1 ). The mouths of the diverticula are broad-based and the necks are variable in length. Air-fluid levels may be present on upright or cross-table lateral radiographs. If there are numerous diverticula, the course of the small bowel may be obscured by the numerous sacs. On computed tomography (CT) scans, large diverticula are easily mistaken for small intestinal loops. The best way that diverticula are detected by CT is visualization of an air-fluid level in a focal sacculation. The motor disorder seen in jejunoileal diverticulosis is manifested by decreased peristalsis, increased intraluminal fluid and gas, luminal dilation, and prolonged transit time.
Figure 43-1
Jejunolileal diverticulosis causing malabsorption.
This overhead radiograph from a small bowel follow-through shows multiple large diverticula on the mesenteric border of jejunum and ileum. The sacs are smooth, but many have a lobulated contour.
Although other small bowel disorders may be associated with sacculations or diverticula, jejunoileal diverticulosis is easily differentiated from the sacculations in Crohn's disease, scleroderma, or prior surgery, a solitary Meckel's diverticulum, or diverticula confined to the terminal ileum.
Jejunoileal diverticulosis may be complicated by pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis or free intraperitoneal air caused by perforation or benign pneumatosis. Jejunal diverticulitis may cause abdominal pain, free perforation obstruction or abscess formation, or GI bleeding. Jejunal diverticulitis is manifested on CT as a stranding or mass in the small bowel mesentery adjacent to a diverticulum or true abscess formation. Mechanical obstruction may result from volvulus, enterolith impaction, or diverticulitis. Heterotopic tissue or neoplasms are rare complications.
The small intestine is clinically involved in about 40% of patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). The smooth muscle, especially that of the circular muscle layer, degenerates and is replaced by collagen. The muscular abnormalities result in duodenal and jejunal dilation ( Fig. 43-2 ) and hypomotility, with prolonged small bowel transit time and increased intraluminal fluid. Patchy and predominant fibrosis of the circular muscle layer leads to bunching of small bowel folds, producing the so-called hidebound bowel (see Fig. 43-2 ). Despite luminal dilation, an increased number of small bowel folds per inch is usually seen. Asymmetric scarring leads to wide-mouthed sacculations, usually on the mesenteric border of the small bowel. As with any small bowel disorder characterized by hypomotility, transient intussusceptions and pneumatosis intestinalis may occur, with or without pneumoperitoneum.
Scleroderma.
This spot radiograph from enteroclysis shows a massively dilated small bowel. (Compare the diameter of the lumen with the size of a lumbar vertebral body.) There is also an increased number of folds per inch, producing the hidebound sign.
Several forms of visceral myopathies and neuropathies present with malabsorption or intestinal pseudo-obstruction. These include autosomal dominant and recessive conditions or isolated cases. Other isolated cases have been caused by Epstein-Barr virus infection or abnormalities of cytoskeleton filament proteins. Visceral myopathies are characterized histologically by degeneration and fibrosis of the inner circular and outer longitudinal smooth muscle layers. Congenital neuropathies are characterized by degeneration of the myenteric plexus of the bowel. Decreased or absent peristalsis is seen in visceral myopathies and scleroderma, but large-amplitude, nonpropulsive contractions are seen in visceral neuropathies. Marked duodenal enlargement typically occurs in visceral myopathies, whereas small bowel dilation may be present in visceral myopathies and neuropathies. The increased number of folds and sacculations typical of scleroderma are not found. The colon demonstrates hypercontractility in visceral neuropathy and dilation and lack of haustration in visceral myopathy.
Celiac disease (gluten-sensitive enteropathy, or celiac sprue) is a chronic immunologic inflammatory disease in which the gliadin fraction of wheat, barley, or rye gluten incites damage to the small bowel mucosa. Removal of wheat products from the diet reverses this mucosal damage. Although the mechanism of celiac disease is not completely understood, it is postulated that there is suspension of normal immune tolerance to foreign food antigens. The gliadin fraction of ingested wheat products stimulates an immune response in the epithelium of the small intestine, leading to mucosal inflammation and destruction. Lymphocytic infiltration may also occur in the stomach (as lymphocytic gastritis) or colon.
Celiac disease occurs in about 1 in 200 whites. Most people with celiac disease ignore minor symptoms or are asymptomatic. Celiac disease resulting in severe clinical symptoms is uncommon and is usually encountered in whites, particularly northern Europeans and people from Ireland. Children may present with diarrhea, abdominal distention, weight loss, and failure to thrive. Young adults may present with diarrhea, steatorrhea, or infertility. Older adults may present with steatorrhea, anemia, weight loss, or other symptoms. Patients who develop symptoms in adulthood or who develop celiac disease de novo in adulthood may present with symptoms related to the malabsorption of specific nutrients such as vitamin A or B 12. Bleeding or purpura related to vitamin K deficiency may be present. Aphthous stomatitis, cheilosis, and glossitis are not infrequent. In adults, symptoms in celiac disease may be precipitated by pregnancy, respiratory therapy, and gastric surgery. Gluten-sensitive enteropathy is seen in patients with dermatitis herpetiformis. Celiac disease has also been associated with other skin diseases, such as psoriasis, eczema, cutaneous amyloid, and mycosis fungoides.
The diagnosis of celiac disease can be made when physicians test for serum antibodies associated with celiac disease in patients with minimal GI complaints or indicators of malabsorption, such as vitamin deficiencies. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG antibodies to gliadin are elevated in 75% to 85% of patients with celiac disease. These antibodies may also be elevated in some patients with inflammatory bowel disease or liver disease. Endomysial antibody is also elevated in a large percentage of patients with celiac disease.
The antigen for antiendomysial antibody is tissue transglutaminase (tTG). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test for IgA anti-tTG is reported to have a sensitivity of 90% to 95% for the diagnosis of celiac disease. Other studies have shown less favorable results for antiendomysial antibody. Some patients with celiac disease have IgA deficiency, so this test will have false-negative results in these patients. Small bowel biopsies and follow-up biopsies after gluten withdrawal are usually required for a definitive diagnosis.
Biopsy specimens in celiac disease typically reveal a loss of intestinal villi associated with crypt hyperplasia and infiltration of the lamina propria by plasma cells and lymphocytes ( Fig. 43-3 ). Lesser degrees of villous atrophy may be present, however, ranging from mild villous flattening to partial villous atrophy or a flat mucosa. Because other diseases may cause loss of intestinal villi, biopsy-proven reversal of mucosal changes after gluten withdrawal is essential for confirming this diagnosis. Nevertheless, some patients may develop disease that is refractory to gluten withdrawal.
Small Intestine: Differential Diagnosis
The Acute Abdomen
Miscellaneous Abnormalities of the Colon
Vascular Disorders of the Small Intestine
Colon: Differential Diagnosis
Diseases of the Pediatric Pancreas
Diseases of the Pediatric Abdominal Wall, Peritoneum, and Mesentery
Diseases of the Pediatric Liver
Tags: Textbook of Gastrointestinal Radiology
Jun 23, 2019 | Posted by drzezo in GASTROINTESTINAL IMAGING | Comments Off on Malabsorption

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Charter member of the Observatory, Marc Riedel endorse currently the role of scientific advisor and is also a member of the advisory board.
Marc has an unique academic background. PhD in sociology (Université Paris Dauphine), PhD in cognitive psychology (Université François Rabelais de Tours, EA 2114). Posgraduated in chronobiology (Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris) he is also a tenured researcher in applied chronobiology / chronoprevention at the Chronobiology Unit of the Fondation Adolphe de Rothschild, Paris (Team directed by Alain Reinberg and Yvan Touitou).
Due to his multdisciplinary profile, Marc is fully qualified to resolve, in a comprehensive way, the various integrated problems affecting high reliabilty organizations (human performance & vulnerabilities, health at work, accidents & professionnal risk prevention, or defence and civil security issues...).
Involved in field research, he also works as a consultant and expert for multinational companies, european urban district communities and civil security authorities.


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IT IS GENERATED FROM policy_templates.json.-->
<resources>
  <string name="AllowedDomainsForAppsTitle">Define domains allowed to access Google Apps</string>
  <string name="AllowedDomainsForAppsDesc">Enables Chromium\'s restricted log in feature in Google Apps and prevents users from changing this setting.

If you define this setting, the user will only be able to access
Google Apps (such as Gmail) using accounts from the specified domains.

This setting will NOT prevent the user from loging in on a managed device
that requires Google authentication. The user will still be allowed to
sign in to accounts from other domains, but they will receive an error
when trying to use Google Apps with those accounts.

If you leave this setting empty/not-configured, the user will be able to
access Google Apps with any account.

This policy causes the X-GoogApps-Allowed-Domains header to be appended to
all HTTP and HTTPS requests to all google.com domains, as described in
https://support.google.com/a/answer/1668854.

Users cannot change or override this setting.</string>
  <string name="AlternateErrorPagesEnabledTitle">Enable alternate error pages</string>
  <string name="AlternateErrorPagesEnabledDesc">Enables the use of alternate error pages that are built into Chromium (such as \'page not found\') and prevents users from changing this setting.

If you enable this setting, alternate error pages are used.

If you disable this setting, alternate error pages are never used.

If you enable or disable this setting, users cannot change or override this setting in Chromium.

If this policy is left not set, this will be enabled but the user will be able to change it.</string>
  <string name="AuthAndroidNegotiateAccountTypeTitle">Account type for HTTP Negotiate authentication</string>
  <string name="AuthAndroidNegotiateAccountTypeDesc">Specifies the account type of the accounts provided by the Android authentication app that supports HTTP Negotiate authentication (e.g. Kerberos authentication). This information should be available from the supplier of the authentication app. For more details see https://goo.gl/hajyfN.

If no setting is provided, HTTP Negotiate authentication is disabled on Android.</string>
  <string name="AuthNegotiateDelegateWhitelistTitle">Kerberos delegation server whitelist</string>
  <string name="AuthNegotiateDelegateWhitelistDesc">Servers that Chromium may delegate to.

Separate multiple server names with commas. Wildcards (*) are allowed.

If you leave this policy not set Chromium will not delegate user credentials even if a server is detected as Intranet.</string>
  <string name="AuthSchemesTitle">Supported authentication schemes</string>
  <string name="AuthSchemesDesc">Specifies which HTTP authentication schemes are supported by Chromium.

Possible values are \'basic\', \'digest\', \'ntlm\' and \'negotiate\'. Separate multiple values with commas.

If this policy is left not set, all four schemes will be used.</string>
  <string name="AuthServerWhitelistTitle">Authentication server whitelist</string>
  <string name="AuthServerWhitelistDesc">Specifies which servers should be whitelisted for integrated authentication. Integrated authentication is only enabled when Chromium receives an authentication challenge from a proxy or from a server which is in this permitted list.

Separate multiple server names with commas. Wildcards (*) are allowed.

If you leave this policy not set Chromium will try to detect if a server is on the Intranet and only then will it respond to IWA requests.  If a server is detected as Internet then IWA requests from it will be ignored by Chromium.</string>
  <string name="AutoFillEnabledTitle">Enable AutoFill</string>
  <string name="AutoFillEnabledDesc">Enables Chromium\'s AutoFill feature and allows users to auto complete web forms using previously stored information such as address or credit card information.

If you disable this setting, AutoFill will be inaccessible to users.

If you enable this setting or do not set a value, AutoFill will remain under the control of the user. This will allow them to configure AutoFill profiles and to switch AutoFill on or off at their own discretion.</string>
  <string name="CertificateTransparencyEnforcementDisabledForUrlsTitle">Disable Certificate Transparency enforcement for a list of URLs</string>
  <string name="CertificateTransparencyEnforcementDisabledForUrlsDesc">Disables enforcing Certificate Transparency requirements to the listed URLs.

This policy allows certificates for the hostnames in the specified URLs to not be disclosed via Certificate Transparency. This allows certificates that would otherwise be untrusted, because they were not properly publicly disclosed, to continue to be used, but makes it harder to detect misissued certificates for those hosts.

A URL pattern is formatted according to https://www.chromium.org/administrators/url-blacklist-filter-format. However, because certificates are valid for a given hostname independent of the scheme, port, or path, only the hostname portion of the URL is considered. Wildcard hosts are not supported.

If this policy is not set, any certificate that is required to be disclosed via Certificate Transparency will be treated as untrusted if it is not disclosed according to the Certificate Transparency policy.</string>
  <string name="ContextualSearchEnabledTitle">Enable Touch to Search</string>
  <string name="ContextualSearchEnabledDesc">Enables the availability of Touch to Search in Chromium\'s content view.

If you enable this setting, Touch to Search will be available to the user and they can choose to turn the feature on or off.

If you disable this setting, Touch to Search will be disabled completely.

If this policy is left not set, it is equivalent to being enabled, see description above.</string>
  <string name="CookiesAllowedForUrlsTitle">Allow cookies on these sites</string>
  <string name="CookiesAllowedForUrlsDesc">Allows you to set a list of url patterns that specify sites which are allowed to set cookies.

If this policy is left not set the global default value will be used for all sites either from the \'DefaultCookiesSetting\' policy if it is set, or the user\'s personal configuration otherwise.</string>
  <string name="CookiesBlockedForUrlsTitle">Block cookies on these sites</string>
  <string name="CookiesBlockedForUrlsDesc">Allows you to set a list of url patterns that specify sites which are not allowed to set cookies.

If this policy is left not set the global default value will be used for all sites either from the \'DefaultCookiesSetting\' policy if it is set, or the user\'s personal configuration otherwise.</string>
  <string name="CookiesSessionOnlyForUrlsTitle">Allow session only cookies on these sites</string>
  <string name="CookiesSessionOnlyForUrlsDesc">Allows you to set a list of url patterns that specify sites which are allowed to set session only cookies.

If this policy is left not set the global default value will be used for all sites either from the \'DefaultCookiesSetting\' policy if it is set, or the user\'s personal configuration otherwise.

Note that if Chromium is running in \'background mode\', the session may not be closed when the last browser window is closed, but will instead stay active until the browser exits. Please see the \'BackgroundModeEnabled\' policy for more information about configuring this behavior.

If the \\"RestoreOnStartup\\" policy is set to restore URLs from previous sessions this policy will not be respected and cookies will be stored permanently for those sites.</string>
  <string name="DataCompressionProxyEnabledTitle">Enable the data compression proxy feature</string>
  <string name="DataCompressionProxyEnabledDesc">Enable or disable the data compression proxy and prevents users from changing this setting.

If you enable or disable this setting, users cannot change or override this setting.

If this policy is left not set, the data compression proxy feature will be available for the user to choose whether to use it or not.</string>
  <string name="DefaultCookiesSettingTitle">Default cookies setting</string>
  <string name="DefaultCookiesSettingDesc">Allows you to set whether websites are allowed to set local data. Setting local data can be either allowed for all websites or denied for all websites.

If this policy is set to \'Keep cookies for the duration of the session\' then cookies will be cleared when the session closes. Note that if Chromium is running in \'background mode\', the session may not close when the last window is closed. Please see the \'BackgroundModeEnabled\' policy for more information about configuring this behavior.

If this policy is left not set, \'AllowCookies\' will be used and the user will be able to change it.</string>
  <string-array name="DefaultCookiesSettingEntries">
    <item>Allow all sites to set local data</item>
    <item>Do not allow any site to set local data</item>
    <item>Keep cookies for the duration of the session</item>
  </string-array>
  <string-array name="DefaultCookiesSettingValues">
    <item>1</item>
    <item>2</item>
    <item>4</item>
  </string-array>
  <string name="DefaultGeolocationSettingTitle">Default geolocation setting</string>
  <string name="DefaultGeolocationSettingDesc">Allows you to set whether websites are allowed to track the users\' physical location. Tracking the users\' physical location can be allowed by default, denied by default or the user can be asked every time a website requests the physical location.

If this policy is left not set, \'AskGeolocation\' will be used and the user will be able to change it.</string>
  <string-array name="DefaultGeolocationSettingEntries">
    <item>Allow sites to track the users\' physical location</item>
    <item>Do not allow any site to track the users\' physical location</item>
    <item>Ask whenever a site wants to track the users\' physical location</item>
  </string-array>
  <string-array name="DefaultGeolocationSettingValues">
    <item>1</item>
    <item>2</item>
    <item>3</item>
  </string-array>
  <string name="DefaultImagesSettingTitle">Default images setting</string>
  <string name="DefaultImagesSettingDesc">Allows you to set whether websites are allowed to display images. Displaying images can be either allowed for all websites or denied for all websites.

If this policy is left not set, \'AllowImages\' will be used and the user will be able to change it.</string>
  <string-array name="DefaultImagesSettingEntries">
    <item>Allow all sites to show all images</item>
    <item>Do not allow any site to show images</item>
  </string-array>
  <string-array name="DefaultImagesSettingValues">
    <item>1</item>
    <item>2</item>
  </string-array>
  <string name="DefaultJavaScriptSettingTitle">Default JavaScript setting</string>
  <string name="DefaultJavaScriptSettingDesc">Allows you to set whether websites are allowed to run JavaScript. Running JavaScript can be either allowed for all websites or denied for all websites.

If this policy is left not set, \'AllowJavaScript\' will be used and the user will be able to change it.</string>
  <string-array name="DefaultJavaScriptSettingEntries">
    <item>Allow all sites to run JavaScript</item>
    <item>Do not allow any site to run JavaScript</item>
  </string-array>
  <string-array name="DefaultJavaScriptSettingValues">
    <item>1</item>
    <item>2</item>
  </string-array>
  <string name="DefaultKeygenSettingTitle">Default key generation setting</string>
  <string name="DefaultKeygenSettingDesc">Allows you to set whether websites are allowed to use key generation. Using key generation can be either allowed for all websites or denied for all websites.

If this policy is left not set, \'BlockKeygen\' will be used and the user will be able to change it.</string>
  <string-array name="DefaultKeygenSettingEntries">
    <item>Allow all sites to use key generation</item>
    <item>Do not allow any site to use key generation</item>
  </string-array>
  <string-array name="DefaultKeygenSettingValues">
    <item>1</item>
    <item>2</item>
  </string-array>
  <string name="DefaultPopupsSettingTitle">Default popups setting</string>
  <string name="DefaultPopupsSettingDesc">Allows you to set whether websites are allowed to show pop-ups. Showing popups can be either allowed for all websites or denied for all websites.

If this policy is left not set, \'BlockPopups\' will be used and the user will be able to change it.</string>
  <string-array name="DefaultPopupsSettingEntries">
    <item>Allow all sites to show pop-ups</item>
    <item>Do not allow any site to show popups</item>
  </string-array>
  <string-array name="DefaultPopupsSettingValues">
    <item>1</item>
    <item>2</item>
  </string-array>
  <string name="DefaultSearchProviderAlternateURLsTitle">List of alternate URLs for the default search provider</string>
  <string name="DefaultSearchProviderAlternateURLsDesc">Specifies a list of alternate URLs that can be used to extract search terms from the search engine. The URLs should contain the string \'{searchTerms}\', which will be used to extract the search terms.

This policy is optional. If not set, no alternate urls will be used to extract search terms.

This policy is only respected if the \'DefaultSearchProviderEnabled\' policy is enabled.</string>
  <string name="DefaultSearchProviderEnabledTitle">Enable the default search provider</string>
  <string name="DefaultSearchProviderEnabledDesc">Enables the use of a default search provider.

If you enable this setting, a default search is performed when the user types text in the omnibox that is not a URL.

You can specify the default search provider to be used by setting the rest of the default search policies. If these are left empty, the user can choose the default provider.

If you disable this setting, no search is performed when the user enters non-URL text in the omnibox.

If you enable or disable this setting, users cannot change or override this setting in Chromium.

If this policy is left not set, the default search provider is enabled, and the user will be able to set the search provider list.

This policy is not available on Windows instances that are not joined
to an Active Directory domain.</string>
  <string name="DefaultSearchProviderEncodingsTitle">Default search provider encodings</string>
  <string name="DefaultSearchProviderEncodingsDesc">Specifies the character encodings supported by the search provider. Encodings are code page names like UTF-8, GB2312, and ISO-8859-1. They are tried in the order provided.

This policy is optional. If not set, the default will be used which is UTF-8.

This policy is only respected if the \'DefaultSearchProviderEnabled\' policy is enabled.</string>
  <string name="DefaultSearchProviderIconURLTitle">Default search provider icon</string>
  <string name="DefaultSearchProviderIconURLDesc">Specifies the favorite icon URL of the default search provider.

This policy is optional. If not set, no icon will be present for the search provider.

This policy is only respected if the \'DefaultSearchProviderEnabled\' policy is enabled.</string>
  <string name="DefaultSearchProviderImageURLTitle">Parameter providing search-by-image feature for the default search provider</string>
  <string name="DefaultSearchProviderImageURLDesc">Specifies the URL of the search engine used to provide image search. Search requests will be sent using the GET method. If the DefaultSearchProviderImageURLPostParams policy is set then image search requests will use the POST method instead.

This policy is optional. If not set, no image search will be used.

This policy is only respected if the \'DefaultSearchProviderEnabled\' policy is enabled.</string>
  <string name="DefaultSearchProviderImageURLPostParamsTitle">Parameters for image URL which uses POST</string>
  <string name="DefaultSearchProviderImageURLPostParamsDesc">Specifies the parameters used when doing image search with POST. It consists of comma-separated name/value pairs. If a value is a template parameter, like {imageThumbnail} in above example, it will be replaced with real image thumbnail data.

This policy is optional. If not set, image search request will be sent using the GET method.

This policy is only respected if the \'DefaultSearchProviderEnabled\' policy is enabled.</string>
  <string name="DefaultSearchProviderInstantURLTitle">Default search provider instant URL</string>
  <string name="DefaultSearchProviderInstantURLDesc">Specifies the URL of the search engine used to provide instant results. The URL should contain the string \'{searchTerms}\', which will be replaced at query time by the text the user has entered so far.

This policy is optional. If not set, no instant search results will be provided.

Google\'s instant results URL can be specified as: \'{google:baseURL}suggest?q={searchTerms}\'.

This policy is only respected if the \'DefaultSearchProviderEnabled\' policy is enabled.</string>
  <string name="DefaultSearchProviderInstantURLPostParamsTitle">Parameters for instant URL which uses POST</string>
  <string name="DefaultSearchProviderInstantURLPostParamsDesc">Specifies the parameters used when doing instant search with POST. It consists of comma-separated name/value pairs. If a value is a template parameter, like {searchTerms} in above example, it will be replaced with real search terms data.

This policy is optional. If not set, instant search request will be sent using the GET method.

This policy is only respected if the \'DefaultSearchProviderEnabled\' policy is enabled.</string>
  <string name="DefaultSearchProviderKeywordTitle">Default search provider keyword</string>
  <string name="DefaultSearchProviderKeywordDesc">Specifies the keyword, which is the shortcut used in the omnibox to trigger the search for this provider.

This policy is optional. If not set, no keyword will activate the search provider.

This policy is only considered if the \'DefaultSearchProviderEnabled\' policy is enabled.</string>
  <string name="DefaultSearchProviderNameTitle">Default search provider name</string>
  <string name="DefaultSearchProviderNameDesc">Specifies the name of the default search provider. If left empty or not set, the host name specified by the search URL will be used.

This policy is only considered if the \'DefaultSearchProviderEnabled\' policy is enabled.</string>
  <string name="DefaultSearchProviderNewTabURLTitle">Default search provider new tab page URL</string>
  <string name="DefaultSearchProviderNewTabURLDesc">Specifies the URL that a search engine uses to provide a new tab page.

This policy is optional. If not set, no new tab page will be provided.

This policy is only respected if the \'DefaultSearchProviderEnabled\' policy is enabled.</string>
  <string name="DefaultSearchProviderSearchTermsReplacementKeyTitle">Parameter controlling search term placement for the default search provider</string>
  <string name="DefaultSearchProviderSearchTermsReplacementKeyDesc">If this policy is set and a search URL suggested from the omnibox contains this parameter in the query string or in the fragment identifier, then the suggestion will show the search terms and search provider instead of the raw search URL.

This policy is optional. If not set, no search term replacement will be performed.

This policy is only respected if the \'DefaultSearchProviderEnabled\' policy is enabled.</string>
  <string name="DefaultSearchProviderSearchURLTitle">Default search provider search URL</string>
  <string name="DefaultSearchProviderSearchURLDesc">Specifies the URL of the search engine used when doing a default search. The URL should contain the string \'{searchTerms}\', which will be replaced at query time by the terms the user is searching for.

Google\'s search URL can be specified as: \'{google:baseURL}search?q={searchTerms}&amp;{google:RLZ}{google:originalQueryForSuggestion}{google:assistedQueryStats}{google:searchFieldtrialParameter}{google:searchClient}{google:sourceId}{google:instantExtendedEnabledParameter}ie={inputEncoding}\'.

This option must be set when the \'DefaultSearchProviderEnabled\' policy is enabled and will only be respected if this is the case.</string>
  <string name="DefaultSearchProviderSearchURLPostParamsTitle">Parameters for search URL which uses POST</string>
  <string name="DefaultSearchProviderSearchURLPostParamsDesc">Specifies the parameters used when searching a URL with POST. It consists of comma-separated name/value pairs. If a value is a template parameter, like {searchTerms} in above example, it will be replaced with real search terms data.

This policy is optional. If not set, search request will be sent using the GET method.

This policy is only respected if the \'DefaultSearchProviderEnabled\' policy is enabled.</string>
  <string name="DefaultSearchProviderSuggestURLTitle">Default search provider suggest URL</string>
  <string name="DefaultSearchProviderSuggestURLDesc">Specifies the URL of the search engine used to provide search suggestions. The URL should contain the string \'{searchTerms}\', which will be replaced at query time by the text the user has entered so far.

This policy is optional. If not set, no suggest URL will be used.

Google\'s suggest URL can be specified as: \'{google:baseURL}complete/search?output=chrome&amp;q={searchTerms}\'.

This policy is only respected if the \'DefaultSearchProviderEnabled\' policy is enabled.</string>
  <string name="DefaultSearchProviderSuggestURLPostParamsTitle">Parameters for suggest URL which uses POST</string>
  <string name="DefaultSearchProviderSuggestURLPostParamsDesc">Specifies the parameters used when doing suggestion search with POST. It consists of comma-separated name/value pairs. If a value is a template parameter, like {searchTerms} in above example, it will be replaced with real search terms data.

This policy is optional. If not set, suggest search request will be sent using the GET method.

This policy is only respected if the \'DefaultSearchProviderEnabled\' policy is enabled.</string>
  <string name="DefaultWebBluetoothGuardSettingTitle">Control use of the Web Bluetooth API</string>
  <string name="DefaultWebBluetoothGuardSettingDesc">Allows you to set whether websites are allowed to get access to nearby Bluetooth devices. Access can be completely blocked, or the user can be asked every time a website wants to get access to nearby Bluetooth devices.

If this policy is left not set, \'3\' will be used, and the user will be able to change it.</string>
  <string-array name="DefaultWebBluetoothGuardSettingEntries">
    <item>Do not allow any site to request access to Bluetooth devices via the Web Bluetooth API</item>
    <item>Allow sites to ask the user to grant access to a nearby Bluetooth device</item>
  </string-array>
  <string-array name="DefaultWebBluetoothGuardSettingValues">
    <item>2</item>
    <item>3</item>
  </string-array>
  <string name="DisableAuthNegotiateCnameLookupTitle">Disable CNAME lookup when negotiating Kerberos authentication</string>
  <string name="DisableAuthNegotiateCnameLookupDesc">Specifies whether the generated Kerberos SPN is based on the canonical DNS name or the original name entered.

If you enable this setting, CNAME lookup will be skipped and the server name will be used as entered.

If you disable this setting or leave it not set, the canonical name of the server will be determined via CNAME lookup.</string>
  <string name="DisableSafeBrowsingProceedAnywayTitle">Disable proceeding from the Safe Browsing warning page</string>
  <string name="DisableSafeBrowsingProceedAnywayDesc">The Safe Browsing service shows a warning page when users navigate to sites that are flagged as potentially malicious. Enabling this setting prevents users from proceeding anyway from the warning page to the malicious site.

If this setting is disabled or not configured then users can choose to proceed to the flagged site after being shown the warning.</string>
  <string name="EditBookmarksEnabledTitle">Enables or disables bookmark editing</string>
  <string name="EditBookmarksEnabledDesc">If you enable this setting, bookmarks can be added, removed or modified. This is the default also when this policy is not set.

If you disable this setting, bookmarks can not be added, removed or modified. Existing bookmarks are still available.</string>
  <string name="EnableCommonNameFallbackForLocalAnchorsTitle">Whether to allow certificates issued by local trust anchors that are missing the subjectAlternativeName extension</string>
  <string name="EnableCommonNameFallbackForLocalAnchorsDesc">When this setting is enabled, Chromium will use the commonName of a server certificate to match a hostname if the certificate is missing a subjectAlternativeName extension, as long as it successfully validates and chains to a locally-installed CA certificates.

Note that this is not recommended, as this may allow bypassing the nameConstraints extension that restricts the hostnames that a given certificate can be authorized for.

If this policy is not set, or is set to false, server certificates that lack a subjectAlternativeName extension containing either a DNS name or IP address will not be trusted.</string>
  <string name="EnableDeprecatedWebPlatformFeaturesTitle">Enable deprecated web platform features for a limited time</string>
  <string name="EnableDeprecatedWebPlatformFeaturesDesc">Specify a list of deprecated web platform features to re-enable temporarily.

This policy gives administrators the ability to re-enable deprecated web platform features for a limited time. Features are identified by a string tag and the features corresponding to the tags included in the list specified by this policy will get re-enabled.

If this policy is left not set, or the list is empty or does not match one of the supported string tags, all deprecated web platform features will remain disabled.

While the policy itself is supported on the above platforms, the feature it is enabling may be available on fewer platforms. Not all deprecated Web Platform features can be re-enabled. Only the ones explicitly listed below can be for a limited period of time, which is different per feature. The general format of the string tag will be [DeprecatedFeatureName]_EffectiveUntil[yyyymmdd]. As reference, you can find the intent behind the Web Platform feature changes at https://bit.ly/blinkintents.
</string>
  <string-array name="EnableDeprecatedWebPlatformFeaturesEntries">
    <item>Enable ExampleDeprecatedFeature API through 2008/09/02</item>
  </string-array>
  <string-array name="EnableDeprecatedWebPlatformFeaturesValues">
    <item>ExampleDeprecatedFeature_EffectiveUntil20080902</item>
  </string-array>
  <string name="EnableMediaRouterTitle">Enables Google Cast</string>
  <string name="EnableMediaRouterDesc">If this policy is set to true or is not set, Google Cast will be enabled, and users will be able to launch it from the app menu, page context menus, media controls on Cast-enabled websites, and (if shown) the Cast toolbar icon.

If this policy set to false, Google Cast will be disabled.</string>
  <string name="EnableSha1ForLocalAnchorsTitle">Whether SHA-1 signed certificates issued by local trust anchors are allowed</string>
  <string name="EnableSha1ForLocalAnchorsDesc">When this setting is enabled, Chromium allows SHA-1 signed certificates as long as they successfully validate and chain to a locally-installed CA certificates.

Note that this policy depends on the operating system certificate verification stack allowing SHA-1 signatures. If an OS update changes the OS handling of SHA-1 certificates, this policy may no longer have effect.  Further, this policy is intended as a temporary workaround to give enterprises more time to move away from SHA-1.  This policy will be removed on or around January 1st 2019.

If this policy is not set, or it is set to false, then Chromium follows the publicly announced SHA-1 deprecation schedule.</string>
  <string name="ForceGoogleSafeSearchTitle">Force Google SafeSearch</string>
  <string name="ForceGoogleSafeSearchDesc">Forces queries in Google Web Search to be done with SafeSearch set to active and prevents users from changing this setting.

If you enable this setting, SafeSearch in Google Search is always active.

If you disable this setting or do not set a value, SafeSearch in Google Search is not enforced.</string>
  <string name="ForceYouTubeRestrictTitle">Force minimum YouTube Restricted Mode</string>
  <string name="ForceYouTubeRestrictDesc">Enforces a minimum Restricted Mode on YouTube and prevents users from
picking a less restricted mode.

If this setting is set to Strict, Strict Restricted Mode on YouTube is always active.

If this setting is set to Moderate, the user may only pick Moderate Restricted Mode
and Strict Restricted Mode on YouTube, but cannot disable Restricted Mode.

If this setting is set to Off or no value is set, Restricted Mode on YouTube is not enforced by Chromium. External policies such as YouTube policies might still enforce Restricted Mode, though.</string>
  <string-array name="ForceYouTubeRestrictEntries">
    <item>Do not enforce Restricted Mode on YouTube</item>
    <item>Enforce at least Moderate Restricted Mode on YouTube</item>
    <item>Enforce Strict Restricted Mode for YouTube</item>
  </string-array>
  <string-array name="ForceYouTubeRestrictValues">
    <item>0</item>
    <item>1</item>
    <item>2</item>
  </string-array>
  <string name="ImagesAllowedForUrlsTitle">Allow images on these sites</string>
  <string name="ImagesAllowedForUrlsDesc">Allows you to set a list of url patterns that specify sites which are allowed to display images.

If this policy is left not set the global default value will be used for all sites either from the \'DefaultImagesSetting\' policy if it is set, or the user\'s personal configuration otherwise.</string>
  <string name="ImagesBlockedForUrlsTitle">Block images on these sites</string>
  <string name="ImagesBlockedForUrlsDesc">Allows you to set a list of url patterns that specify sites which are not allowed to display images.

If this policy is left not set the global default value will be used for all sites either from the \'DefaultImagesSetting\' policy if it is set, or the user\'s personal configuration otherwise.</string>
  <string name="IncognitoModeAvailabilityTitle">Incognito mode availability</string>
  <string name="IncognitoModeAvailabilityDesc">Specifies whether the user may open pages in Incognito mode in Chromium.

If \'Enabled\' is selected or the policy is left unset, pages may be opened in Incognito mode.

If \'Disabled\' is selected, pages may not be opened in Incognito mode.

If \'Forced\' is selected, pages may be opened ONLY in Incognito mode.</string>
  <string-array name="IncognitoModeAvailabilityEntries">
    <item>Incognito mode available</item>
    <item>Incognito mode disabled</item>
    <item>Incognito mode forced</item>
  </string-array>
  <string-array name="IncognitoModeAvailabilityValues">
    <item>0</item>
    <item>1</item>
    <item>2</item>
  </string-array>
  <string name="JavaScriptAllowedForUrlsTitle">Allow JavaScript on these sites</string>
  <string name="JavaScriptAllowedForUrlsDesc">Allows you to set a list of url patterns that specify sites which are allowed to run JavaScript.

If this policy is left not set the global default value will be used for all sites either from the \'DefaultJavaScriptSetting\' policy if it is set, or the user\'s personal configuration otherwise.</string>
  <string name="JavaScriptBlockedForUrlsTitle">Block JavaScript on these sites</string>
  <string name="JavaScriptBlockedForUrlsDesc">Allows you to set a list of url patterns that specify sites which are not allowed to run JavaScript.

If this policy is left not set the global default value will be used for all sites either from the \'DefaultJavaScriptSetting\' policy if it is set, or the user\'s personal configuration otherwise.</string>
  <string name="KeygenAllowedForUrlsTitle">Allow key generation on these sites</string>
  <string name="KeygenAllowedForUrlsDesc">Allows you to set a list of url patterns that specify sites which are allowed to use key generation. If a url pattern is in \'KeygenBlockedForUrls\', that overrides these exceptions.

If this policy is left not set the global default value will be used for all sites either from the \'DefaultKeygenSetting\' policy if it is set, or the user\'s personal configuration otherwise.</string>
  <string name="KeygenBlockedForUrlsTitle">Block key generation on these sites</string>
  <string name="KeygenBlockedForUrlsDesc">Allows you to set a list of url patterns that specify sites which are not allowed to use key generation. If a url pattern is in \'KeygenAllowedForUrls\', this policy overrides these exceptions.

If this policy is left not set the global default value will be used for all sites either from the \'DefaultKeygenSetting\' policy if it is set, or the user\'s personal configuration otherwise.</string>
  <string name="ManagedBookmarksTitle">Managed Bookmarks</string>
  <string name="ManagedBookmarksDesc">Configures a list of managed bookmarks.

The policy consists of a list of bookmarks whereas each bookmark is a dictionary containing the keys \\"name\\" and \\"url\\" which hold the bookmark\'s name and its target. A subfolder may be configured by defining a bookmark without an \\"url\\" key but with an additional \\"children\\" key which itself contains a list of bookmarks as defined above (some of which may be folders again). Chromium amends incomplete URLs as if they were submitted via the Omnibox, for example \\"google.com\\" becomes \\"https://google.com/\\".

These bookmarks are placed in a folder that can\'t be modified by the user (but the user can choose to hide it from the bookmark bar). By default the folder name is \\"Managed bookmarks\\" but it can be customized by adding to the list of bookmarks a dictionary containing the key \\"toplevel_name\\" with the desired folder name as the value.

Managed bookmarks are not synced to the user account and can\'t be modified by extensions.</string>
  <string name="NTPContentSuggestionsEnabledTitle">Show content suggestions on the New Tab page</string>
  <string name="NTPContentSuggestionsEnabledDesc">If this is set to true or not set, the New Tab page may show content suggestions based on the user\'s browsing history, interests, or location.

If this is set to false, automatically-generated content suggestions are not shown on the New Tab page.</string>
  <string name="NetworkPredictionOptionsTitle">Enable network prediction</string>
  <string name="NetworkPredictionOptionsDesc">Enables network prediction in Chromium and prevents users from changing this setting.

This controls DNS prefetching, TCP and SSL preconnection and prerendering of web pages.

If you set this preference to \'always\', \'never\', or \'WiFi only\', users cannot change or override this setting in Chromium.

If this policy is left not set, network prediction will be enabled but the user will be able to change it.</string>
  <string-array name="NetworkPredictionOptionsEntries">
    <item>Predict network actions on any network connection</item>
    <item>Predict network actions on any network that is not cellular.
(Deprecated in 50, removed in 52. After 52, if value 1 is set, it will be treated as 0 - predict network actions on any network connection.)</item>
    <item>Do not predict network actions on any network connection</item>
  </string-array>
  <string-array name="NetworkPredictionOptionsValues">
    <item>0</item>
    <item>1</item>
    <item>2</item>
  </string-array>
  <string name="PasswordManagerEnabledTitle">Enable saving passwords to the password manager</string>
  <string name="PasswordManagerEnabledDesc">If this setting is enabled, users can have Chromium memorize passwords and provide them automatically the next time they log in to a site.

If this settings is disabled, users cannot save new passwords but they
may still use passwords that have been saved previously.

If this policy is enabled or disabled, users cannot change or override it in Chromium. If this policy is unset, password saving is allowed (but can be turned off by the user).</string>
  <string name="PopupsAllowedForUrlsTitle">Allow popups on these sites</string>
  <string name="PopupsAllowedForUrlsDesc">Allows you to set a list of url patterns that specify sites which are allowed to open popups.

If this policy is left not set the global default value will be used for all sites either from the \'DefaultPopupsSetting\' policy if it is set, or the user\'s personal configuration otherwise.</string>
  <string name="PopupsBlockedForUrlsTitle">Block popups on these sites</string>
  <string name="PopupsBlockedForUrlsDesc">Allows you to set a list of url patterns that specify sites which are not allowed to open popups.

If this policy is left not set the global default value will be used for all sites either from the \'DefaultPopupsSetting\' policy if it is set, or the user\'s personal configuration otherwise.</string>
  <string name="PrintingEnabledTitle">Enable printing</string>
  <string name="PrintingEnabledDesc">Enables printing in Chromium and prevents users from changing this setting.

If this setting is enabled or not configured, users can print.

If this setting is disabled, users cannot print from Chromium. Printing is disabled in the wrench menu, extensions, JavaScript applications, etc. It is still possible to print from plugins that bypass Chromium while printing. For example, certain Flash applications have the print option in their context menu, which is not covered by this policy.</string>
  <string name="ProxyBypassListTitle">Proxy bypass rules</string>
  <string name="ProxyBypassListDesc">Chromium will bypass any proxy for the list of hosts given here.

This policy only takes effect if you have selected manual proxy settings at \'Choose how to specify proxy server settings\'.

You should leave this policy not set if you have selected any other mode for setting proxy policies.

For more detailed examples, visit:
https://www.chromium.org/developers/design-documents/network-settings#TOC-Command-line-options-for-proxy-sett.</string>
  <string name="ProxyModeTitle">Choose how to specify proxy server settings</string>
  <string name="ProxyModeDesc">Allows you to specify the proxy server used by Chromium and prevents users from changing proxy settings.

If you choose to never use a proxy server and always connect directly, all other options are ignored.

If you choose to use system proxy settings, all other options are ignored.

If you choose to auto detect the proxy server, all other options are ignored.

If you choose fixed server proxy mode, you can specify further options in \'Address or URL of proxy server\' and \'Comma-separated list of proxy bypass rules\'. Only the HTTP proxy server with the highest priority is available for ARC-apps.

If you choose to use a .pac proxy script, you must specify the URL to the script in \'URL to a proxy .pac file\'.

For detailed examples, visit:
https://www.chromium.org/developers/design-documents/network-settings#TOC-Command-line-options-for-proxy-sett.

If you enable this setting, Chromium and ARC-apps ignore all proxy-related options specified from the command line.

Leaving this policy not set will allow the users to choose the proxy settings on their own.</string>
  <string-array name="ProxyModeEntries">
    <item>Never use a proxy</item>
    <item>Auto detect proxy settings</item>
    <item>Use a .pac proxy script</item>
    <item>Use fixed proxy servers</item>
    <item>Use system proxy settings</item>
  </string-array>
  <string-array name="ProxyModeValues">
    <item>direct</item>
    <item>auto_detect</item>
    <item>pac_script</item>
    <item>fixed_servers</item>
    <item>system</item>
  </string-array>
  <string name="ProxyPacUrlTitle">URL to a proxy .pac file</string>
  <string name="ProxyPacUrlDesc">You can specify a URL to a proxy .pac file here.

This policy only takes effect if you have selected manual proxy settings at \'Choose how to specify proxy server settings\'.

You should leave this policy not set if you have selected any other mode for setting proxy policies.

For detailed examples, visit:
https://www.chromium.org/developers/design-documents/network-settings#TOC-Command-line-options-for-proxy-sett.</string>
  <string name="ProxyServerTitle">Address or URL of proxy server</string>
  <string name="ProxyServerDesc">You can specify the URL of the proxy server here.

This policy only takes effect if you have selected manual proxy settings at \'Choose how to specify proxy server settings\'.

You should leave this policy not set if you have selected any other mode for setting proxy policies.

For more options and detailed examples, visit:
https://www.chromium.org/developers/design-documents/network-settings#TOC-Command-line-options-for-proxy-sett.</string>
  <string name="SSLErrorOverrideAllowedTitle">Allow proceeding from the SSL warning page</string>
  <string name="SSLErrorOverrideAllowedDesc">Chrome shows a warning page when users navigate to sites that have SSL errors. By default or when this policy is set to true, users are allowed to click through these warning pages.
Setting this policy to false disallows users to click through any warning page.</string>
  <string name="SSLVersionMaxTitle">Maximum SSL version enabled</string>
  <string name="SSLVersionMaxDesc">Warning: The max TLS version policy will be entirely removed from Chromium around version 66 (around February 2018).

If this policy is not configured then Chromium uses the default maximum version.

Otherwise it may be set to one of the following values: \\"tls1.2\\" or \\"tls1.3\\". When set, Chromium will not use SSL/TLS versions greater than the specified version. An unrecognized value will be ignored.</string>
  <string-array name="SSLVersionMaxEntries">
    <item>TLS 1.2</item>
    <item>TLS 1.3</item>
  </string-array>
  <string-array name="SSLVersionMaxValues">
    <item>tls1.2</item>
    <item>tls1.3</item>
  </string-array>
  <string name="SafeBrowsingEnabledTitle">Enable Safe Browsing</string>
  <string name="SafeBrowsingEnabledDesc">Enables Chromium\'s Safe Browsing feature and prevents users from changing this setting.

If you enable this setting, Safe Browsing is always active.

If you disable this setting, Safe Browsing is never active.

If you enable or disable this setting, users cannot change or override the \\"Enable phishing and malware protection\\" setting in Chromium.

If this policy is left not set, this will be enabled but the user will be able to change it.</string>
  <string name="SavingBrowserHistoryDisabledTitle">Disable saving browser history</string>
  <string name="SavingBrowserHistoryDisabledDesc">Disables saving browser history in Chromium and prevents users from changing this setting.

If this setting is enabled, browsing history is not saved. This setting also disables tab syncing.

If this setting is disabled or not set, browsing history is saved.</string>
  <string name="SearchSuggestEnabledTitle">Enable search suggestions</string>
  <string name="SearchSuggestEnabledDesc">Enables search suggestions in Chromium\'s omnibox and prevents users from changing this setting.

If you enable this setting, search suggestions are used.

If you disable this setting, search suggestions are never used.

If you enable or disable this setting, users cannot change or override this setting in Chromium.

If this policy is left not set, this will be enabled but the user will be able to change it.</string>
  <string name="SupervisedUserContentProviderEnabledTitle">Enable the supervised user content provider</string>
  <string name="SupervisedUserContentProviderEnabledDesc">If true and the user is a supervised user then other Android apps can query the user\'s web restrictions through a content provider.

If false or unset then the content provider returns no information.</string>
  <string name="TranslateEnabledTitle">Enable Translate</string>
  <string name="TranslateEnabledDesc">Enables the integrated Google Translate service on Chromium.

If you enable this setting, Chromium will show an integrated toolbar offering to translate the page for the user, when appropriate.

If you disable this setting, users will never see the translation bar.

If you enable or disable this setting, users cannot change or override this setting in Chromium.

If this setting is left not set the user can decide to use this function or not.</string>
  <string name="URLBlacklistTitle">Block access to a list of URLs</string>
  <string name="URLBlacklistDesc">This policy prevents the user from loading web pages from blacklisted URLs. The blacklist provides a list of URL patterns that specify which URLs will be blacklisted.

A URL pattern has to be formatted according to https://www.chromium.org/administrators/url-blacklist-filter-format.

Exceptions can be defined in the URL whitelist policy. These policies are limited to 1000 entries; subsequent entries will be ignored.

Note that it is not recommended to block internal \'chrome://*\' URLs since this may lead to unexpected errors.

If this policy is not set no URL will be blacklisted in the browser.</string>
  <string name="URLWhitelistTitle">Allows access to a list of URLs</string>
  <string name="URLWhitelistDesc">Allows access to the listed URLs, as exceptions to the URL blacklist.

See the description of the URL blacklist policy for the format of entries of this list.

This policy can be used to open exceptions to restrictive blacklists. For example, \'*\' can be blacklisted to block all requests, and this policy can be used to allow access to a limited list of URLs. It can be used to open exceptions to certain schemes, subdomains of other domains, ports, or specific paths.

The most specific filter will determine if a URL is blocked or allowed. The whitelist takes precedence over the blacklist.

This policy is limited to 1000 entries; subsequent entries will be ignored.

If this policy is not set there will be no exceptions to the blacklist from the \'URLBlacklist\' policy.</string>
  <string name="WebRtcUdpPortRangeTitle">Restrict the range of local UDP ports used by WebRTC</string>
  <string name="WebRtcUdpPortRangeDesc">If the policy is set, the UDP port range used by WebRTC is restricted to the specified port interval (endpoints included).

If the policy is not set, or if it is set to the empty string or an invalid port range, WebRTC is allowed to use any available local UDP port.</string>
</resources>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Posts tagged with "Supreme Court of Canada"
Should courts defer to immigration officers' decisions?
December 17th, 2018 Supreme Court of Canada Vavilov decision could have broad impact on immigration law In 2019, the Supreme Court of Canada will release what could be its most impactful decision on Canadian immigration law in a decade. The case, Minister of Citizenship and Immigration v. Alexander Vavilov is about whether a child who was born in Canada to...
Supreme Court of Canada expands humanitarian and compassionate grounds
January 6th, 2016 On Dec.10, 2015, the Supreme Court of Canada issued its most significant immigration judgment in almost 20 years. Its decision in Kanthasamy v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) will likely result in visa officers assessing applications for Canadian permanent residence on humanitarian and compassionate grounds in a much more holistic...
First Greek-Canadian appointed to Supreme Court
October 18th, 2011 56-year-old Ontario appeal judge Andromache Karakatsanis was appointed by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to the Supreme Court of Canada on Monday, a move that will make her the first Greek-Canadian in the country's top court.


A perfect day trip along the Desert Road gave us majestic views of Ruapehu and Ngauruhoe.
The hotpools at Wairakei Thermal Resort were so therapeutic and soothing. Hotpools are a great way increase hip and hamstring flexibility and bring valuable minerals into the skin.
Great daty out, great groups of women!


Attractive, user friendly, effective websites created with an artist's eye.
Designs that reflect your unique flavor, created to demand attention.
Put our newsroom savvy, web addiction & hamster wheel mind to work for you.
Her work ethic is impeccable only to be equaled by her creativity.
She is exceptional at all that she does for O'Brien. I trust her judgement implicitly.
Her energy is contagious and her creativity delivers. Affordable, responsive, quick, professional and fun!
What would take me days, Kate does in an hour!
Advokate is truly an outstanding, professional company.
Kate is super creative and fun to work with.
Throughout the process, Kate was receptive and responsive and by our side.
That horn of yours ain't gonna toot itself.
Advokate empowers artists, small businesses, nonprofits and startups with the marketing tools they need to be successful. That means web design, branding, illustration, logos, graphic design, marketing consultation, PR, web hosting and more.
Advokate can help you with your design, marketing and publicity, scaling to suit your needs. We can create custom, professional, quality work for you, can get you suited up on a budget, or guide you on your DIY path.
Let's talk and draw up a map to get you where you need to be. The first meeting costs $25. We'll leave that meeting with a to-do list, divvied up for you and for Advokate.


Dayton Children's pediatric allergy and immunology treats and manages a wide range of allergic diseases, including food allergy, asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis (eczema), stinging insect allergy, drug allergy and urticaria as well as immune deficiency disorders. Allergies are a major cause of childhood illness and account for the loss of an estimated 2 million schooldays per year. Our pediatric experts personalize each child's care plan according to his or her needs, and work with parents and caregivers to help them manage the condition. When you make an appointment with our allergy specialists we do our best to see you as quickly as possible, usually within a week of your call.
Over 90 percent of our patient families would recommend our allergy and immunology office and doctors to others!
Some of the most common airborne allergies include dust mites, pollen, molds, and pet causing sneezing, itchy nose and coughing. Some airborne allergies are seasonal other maybe be environmental.
Kids with severe allergies can be at risk for a sudden, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction called anaphylaxis. This reaction can be frightening — a child may feel like his or her throat is closing or might faint, for example. But the good news is that when treated properly, anaphylaxis can be managed.
For most kids, being stung by an insect means swelling, redness, and itching at the site of the bite. But for those with insect venom allergy, an insect sting can cause more severe symptoms.
Antibiotics (used to treat infections) are the most common types of medicines that cause allergic reactions. Many other medicines, prescription and over-the-counter, also can cause allergic reactions. If your child reacts to a medicine, talk to your doctor before assuming the reaction is a sign of allergy.
Has your child broken out in welts? It could be a case of the hives. Learn how to soothe itchy bumps and help your child feel better.
The term eczema refers to a number of different skin conditions in which the skin is red and irritated and sometimes has small, fluid-filled bumps that become moist and ooze.
Kids with allergies (especially allergies that affect the nose and eyes) are more likely to have asthma than those who don't. The same goes for kids who have a family history of allergies or asthma — they're more likely to develop one or both conditions.


text:
Boston Acoustics Taps Three New Execs
The loudspeaker manufacturer boosts its executive line up with two new hires and the promotion of one its own.
RS Staff ⋅ Jul 10, 2006
Peabody, MA–Boston Acoustics has expanded its executive roster with the addition of two members and the promotion of a third. Eli Harary assumes global responsibilities in the newly created position of senior vice president, general manager, while Dan Anagnos has joined the company as vice president of product development and engineering. Phil Cohn has been promoted to the position of senior vice president of sales and marketing for home and mobile products.
"Boston Acoustics has built its reputation on unmatched strength in product development, engineering and manufacturing, noted Boston Acoustics president, Charlie Randall. As we grow our business and add to our high-performance product lineup, we're strengthening our executive management team in order to reinforce our parallel strengths in marketing and distribution. With veteran consumer electronics marketer Eli Harary as senior VP and general manager, plus the addition of Dan Anagnos to head up the engineering division, we will move forward with an aggressive and targeted growth strategy, following through on our commitment to serve our valued customers with the very best products and services."
A 30-year veteran of the consumer electronics industry, Harary most recently served as vice president of sales and marketing for the Infinity home speaker brand. He has also held a variety of executive-level marketing and product development positions for Infinity, JBL, and Harman with both domestic and global responsibilities. He will relocate with his family to Massachusetts from Long Island, New York.
An 18-year industry veteran with expertise in strategic sales planning and channel management, Cohn has been instrumental in developing new processes and business strategies for the Boston brand. As senior vice president of sales and marketing for home and mobile products he will now expand his scope of responsibilities to include all marketing activities for the U.S. He previously held the position of vice president of sales for ReplayTV and Rio Audio and a number of strategic sales and management roles with Sony Electronics and Samsung Electronics. He holds a B.S. and an MBA in Marketing from Rutgers University in New Jersey.
With over two decades of international experience and expertise in strategic product planning, product development and engineering design, Anagnos will lead and oversee Boston's worldwide product development effort. Throughout his many years at Polk Audio, Sony Electronics and as a consultant to various consumer electronics clients, Anagnos has been responsible for a significant number of successful, internationally acclaimed audio products for the consumer and professional markets throughout the Americas, Europe, and Asia. He holds a BSEE from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and 14 U.S. and international patents in the audio field.
For more information, visit www.bostonacoustics.com.


text:
A Tech Career at Simply Business? – 26.04.2019
UCL School of Management Programme Films – 20.02.2019
Wilder presents 'The Night Before Christmas' – 17.12.2018
Here Comes The Sun – 09.10.2018
Double Dutch feature in The Telegraph – 23.08.2018
Wilder's New Creative Partner! – 26.04.2018
'Children Of The Snow Land' - London Festival Screening – 12.04.2018
UCL Entrepreneurship Students launch football social network – 28.03.2018
'My Generation' In Cinemas Across The UK – 25.01.2018
Working With UCL's Alumni – 30.11.2017
A Tech Career at Simply Business?
Specialist small business insurer Simply Business are growing fast and we've made a film to help with latest their tech recruitment drive. The film focuses on SB's great workplace culture revolving around employee empowerment, flexible working & a truly diverse workforce.
If you're looking for an exciting new opportunity in tech then do check it out https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pfGixmjwUuc
UCL School of Management Programme Films
We've been working with our friends at UCL School of Management to produce a series of films to promote their Masters and Undergraduate programmes.
Although all are already heavily oversubscribed, these films aim to help ensure UCL SoM attract the very best candidates available to their programmes.
For more information visit the UCL School of Management website:https://www.mgmt.ucl.ac.uk/
Wilder presents 'The Night Before Christmas'
Do check out this film we made for Beanstalk a favourite charity of ours. Beanstalk do an amazing job recruiting and training volunteers to provide in school, one-to-one reading support for children from disadvantaged backgrounds.
If you'd like to support them and give the gift of reading this Christmas simply visit bit.ly/2KwYBfQ to donate to Beanstalk.
Wilder are delighted to have contributed to the Science Museum's blockbuster exhibition, The Sun: Living with our Star. We produced an 8-minute visually stunning film showing the sun in all of its awesome power, which will be shown to visitors as part of the exhibition from now until the 6th May 2019.
For more information visit here.
Double Dutch feature in The Telegraph
Great article in the Telegraph about Double Dutch twins Joyce and Raissa, who we featured in our UCL Alumni Stories back in November.
Read the article here (subscription required)
Wilder's New Creative Partner!
Wilder are thrilled Marcus Stephenson is joining us as a Creative Partner! Marcus is a multi-award winning director and producer with 20 years experience in branded content and factual broadcast. His film Children of The Snow Land won Best Documentary Feature at the London Independent Film Festival recently and he has just finished making a second series of his Channel 4 commission: Phil Spencer's Stately Homes.
Wilder will be collaborating with Marcus & Mayfly TV to develop factual broadcast projects alongside producing branded content for marketing and communications agency Transatlantic Entertainment for clients such as Microsoft and ERS Insurance.
Check out the first film in the 'ReinCarnation' series that Marcus has made for ERS with motoring journalist Jonny Smith.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c1WfMHFI5YM
'Children Of The Snow Land' - London Festival Screening
Fancy an uplifting alternative to Saturday night television?
Wilder Creative Partner Marcus Stephenson's award winning feature documentary Children of the Snow Land is showing on the big screen at the London Independent Film Festival at Bermondsey at 9pm Saturday 12 April. Tickets still available here www.liff.org
Children of the Snow Land tells the extraordinary story of children born in High Himalayas of Nepal. At 4 years old, they're sent to school in the city, hoping education means a better life. They do not see their parents again for 12 years. Now aged 16, the film follows their epic trek home.
"An incredibly inspiring story from the roof of the world where families struggle and sacrifice everything to help their children…"
"This is a stunning film!"
Tags: documentary
UCL Entrepreneurship Students launch football social network
Wilder have been following the journey of UCL alumni Nii Cleland over the past year, taking in everything from pitching the idea for his grass roots football social network, to launching the app on the App Store. The film is part of a series of alumni films Wilder have produced that give an insight for prospective students in to what the MsC Entrepreneurship course can offer.
'My Generation' In Cinemas Across The UK
Wilder have spent the last 3 years working on feature documentary 'My Generation' about the vivid and inspiring story of the 60s cultural revolution in London, told through the eyes of Sir Michael Caine.
Released in cinemas March 14th across the UK, with a special live Q&A broadcast from Caine himself.
Do go and see it, it's a lot of fun. You can find your nearest screen here:
www.mygenerationmovie.co.uk
Working With UCL's Alumni
UCL School of Management commissioned Wilder to produce a series of films about their successful alumni - The De Haas sisters, aka Double Dutch, have created a fast growing premium mixers brand. And co-founders Michael Langguth & Oyvind Henriksen set up POQ, a highly successful app-commerce company. They all developed their businesses while studying at UCL and credit the MSc Entrepreneurship course with giving them the knowledge and confidence to realise their business dreams.
Watch the films here:
POQ


Though the swell is still ripping, you can only stay on the water for so long. Trudge out of the shallows, slip out of your wetsuit and into the Quicksilver Edo District Hoodie to enjoy the sunset in comfort. The lightweight cotton blend is just enough to fend off the summer evening temperatures while still preventing you from overheating from the waning sun. Additional side slits, a slightly longer fit, and a draw cord on the hood add comfort and versatility to this useful piece.


at that moment she automatically becomes an American citizen.
"One small step for a girl, one giant leap for Tian Tian"
We are on our way home!
You're on the plane now, and it will be the longest Sunday of your life (we had one, you'll see!. Grandma Mary has constantly talked about being there when you arrive with your new citizen.
Our family can't wait for your to come home, and I want you to catch me up. I better take the long way to work when you call me one morning!


text:
Universities Delhi University National Law University Ambedkar University Delhi Technological University Amity University View All
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Home >> Courses >> Articles >> Management >> Top MBA Colleges in Delhi NCR
Top 10 MBA Colleges in Delhi NCR
Updated on: Nov 21, 2013
BBA in Delhi
Management Institutes in Delhi
Top 10 B-Schools in Delhi
Top 10 Management Institutes in Delhi
Top 10 Management Institutes in Ghaziabad NCR Delhi
Top 10 Management Institutes in NOIDA NCR Delhi
MBA Colleges in Delhi NCR region attract students seeking professional education in the areas of business studies. The Delhi National Capital Region includes the the region of Delhi and urban areas around it from the neighbouring states such as Haryana (Faridabad, Gurgaon, Mewat, Rohtak, Sonepat, Rewari, Jhajjhar, Panipat, Palwal, Mahendragarh and Bhiwani), Uttar Pradesh (Meerut, Ghaziabad, Gautam Budha Nagar (Noida & Greater Noida are included in this district), Bulandshahr, and Baghpat), Rajasthan (Alwar & Bharatpur.)
From different corners of India knowledge seekers comes to Delhi for pursuing higher education leading to the award of Post Graduate (PG) and Under Graduate (UG) Degrees & Diplomas, viz, Master of Business Administration (MBA), Bachelor of Bachelor of Business Management (BBM), and many other Diplomas and Certificates.
Following is the list of the best colleges offering MBA and other management courses in the Delhi NCR region:
Name of MBA College
Faculty of Management Studies (FMS), University of Delhi
Indian Institute of Foreign Trade (IIFT)
Department of Management Studies (IIT Delhi)
Management Development Institute (MDI)
Lal Bahadur Shastri Institute of Management (LBSIM)
Institute of Management Technology (IMT)
International Management Institute (IMI)
Amity Business School
Birla Institute of Management Technology
FORE School of Management
Master of Business Economics (MBE), University of Delhi
Master of Finance and Control (MFC), University of Delhi
MHROD, Delhi School of Economics
MIB, Delhi School of Economics
Global Business Operations (GBO), Shri Ram College of Commerce
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