text:
\section{Introduction}
\input{parts/part0-introduction}

\section{A simple proof of the Ordered Variable Word theorem from the Finite Union Theorem}\label{sect:ht-ovw}
\input{parts/part1-ovw-hindman}

\section{A proof of the Ordered Variable Word theorem in ACA}\label{sect:ovw-aca}
\input{parts/part2-ovw-aca}

\section{A difficult instance of the Ordered Variable Word theorem}\label{sect:ovw-lower-bounds}
\input{parts/part3-ovw-lower-bounds}

\bibliographystyle{plain}

\subsection{Reverse mathematics}
Reverse mathematics is a vast foundational program aiming to determine the optimal axioms to prove ordinary theorems. It uses the framework of second-order arithmetic, with a base theory $\rca$ consisting of the axioms of Robinson arithmetic, the $\Sigma^0_1$ induction scheme and the $\Delta^0_1$ comprehension scheme. The system $\rca$ arguably captures \emph{computable mathematics}. Starting from a proof-theoretic perspective, modern reverse mathematics tends to be seen as a framework to analyse the computability-theoretic features of theorems. Among the distinguished statements, let us mention weak K\"onig's lemma ($\wkl$), asserting that every infinite binary tree has an infinite path, the arithmetic comprehension axiom ($\aca$), and the $\Pi^1_1$ comprehension axiom ($\piooca$), consisting of the comprehension scheme restricted to arithmetic and $\Pi^1_1$ formulas, respectively. See Simpson~\cite{Simpson2009Subsystems} for reference book on classical reverse mathematics.

The statements studied within this framework are mainly of the form $(\forall X)[\Phi(X) \rightarrow (\exists Y)\Psi(X, Y)]$, where $\Phi$ and $\Psi$ are arithmetic formulas with set parameters, and can be considered as \emph{problems}. Given a statement $\mathsf{P}$ of this form,
	a set $X$ such that $\Phi(X)$ holds is an \emph{instance} of $\mathsf{P}$, and a set $Y$ such that $\Psi(X, Y)$ holds is a \emph{solution} to the $\mathsf{P}$-instance $X$. In this paper, we shall consider exclusively statements of this kind.

Friedman and Simpson~\cite{Friedman2000Issues}, and later Montalban~\cite{Montalban2011Open}, asked about the reverse mathematical strength of the ordered variable word. The statement $\ovw{k}{\ell}$ is known to be provable in $\rca + \piooca$. Our main result is a direct combinatorial proof of $\ovw{2}{\ell}$ in $\rca + \aca$.

\begin{theorem}\label{thm:aca-ovw2}
	For every $\ell \geq 2$, $\rca + \aca \vdash \ovw{2}{\ell}$.
\end{theorem}

On the lower bound hand, Miller and Solomon~\cite{Miller2004Effectiveness} constructed a computable instance $c$ of $\ovw{2}{2}$ with no $\Delta^0_2$ solution, and deduced that $\rca + \wkl$ does not prove $\vw{2}{2}$. Indeed, seeing the instance $c$ of $\ovw{2}{2}$ as an instance of $\vw{2}{2}$, and noticing that the jump of a solution to $\vw{2}{2}$ gives a solution to $\ovw{2}{2}$, one can deduce that $c$ has no low $\vw{2}{2}$-solution. In this paper, we improve their lower bound by constructing a computable instance of $\ovw{2}{2}$ whose solutions are of DNC degree relative to $\emptyset'$.

\subsection{Organization of the paper}
In section~\ref{sect:ht-ovw}, we shall give a simple proof of the ordered variable word for binary strings ($\ovw{2}{\ell}$) using the finite union theorem. Then, in section~\ref{sect:ovw-aca}, we provide a direct combinatorial proof of the same statement over $\rca + \aca$.
Finally, in section~\ref{sect:ovw-lower-bounds}, we give a new lower bound on the strength of $\ovw{2}{\ell}$ using a computable version of Lovasz Local Lemma.

\subsection{Notation}

Given two sets $A$ and $B$, we write $A < B$ for the formula $(\forall x \in A)(\forall y \in B) x < y$.
Given a set $A$, we write $A^{<\omega}$ for the set of finite $A$-valued strings. In particular, $2^{<\omega}$ is the set of binary strings. We denote by $\mathcal{P}_{fin}(\mathbb{N})$ the collection of finite \emph{non-empty} subsets of $\mathbb{N}$. Given two strings $\sigma, \tau \in A^{<\omega}$, $\sigma*\tau$ denotes their concatenation. We may also write $\sigma\tau$ when there is no ambiguity. Given a string or a sequence $X$ and some $n \in \omega$, we write $X {\upharpoonright} n$ for the initial segment of $X$ of length $n$. In particular, $X {\upharpoonright} 0$ is the empty string, written $\varepsilon$.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


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text:
Home Article Why the Israel Lobby Needs to Lobby Israel
Why the Israel Lobby Needs to Lobby Israel
John Kerry asks American Jewish organizations to send a message to Jerusalem to negotiate peace. They should listen.
by Gershom Gorenberg
AP Photo/Jim Young, Pool
"Israel lobby" is a term that could have two meanings, if you think about it. In standard Washington usage, it refers to American groups-often but not always Jewish-that lobby the U.S. Congress and White House on behalf of Israel, or rather on behalf of policies that those groups think are good for Israel. But there's another possible meaning, as John Kerry implied in a speech to the American Jewish Committee on Monday: Americans, especially Jews, lobbying the Israeli government.
This already happens. Recently American Jews have publicly pushed for changes in Israeli policy on two issues. In both cases, though, they were arguing about deck chairs on the Titanic: how much they cost, and who gets to sit in them. Speaking to the AJC's Global Forum, the secretary of state warned that the ship is sailing into an iceberg. His listeners, he said, should urge, beg, nudge, and badger the captain and crew to change course.
Here's one example of reverse Israel lobbying: Last month, the Israeli cabinet was about to vote on the national budget. One item would have eliminated an exemption from Value Added Tax for tourists. That is, a foreigner would have to pay tax on her hotel room or car rental, just like an Israeli. The chairman of the Conference of Presidents of Major American Jewish Organizations, Richard Stone, and Executive Vice Chairman Malcolm Hoenlein sent a letter to Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and his finance minister, asking to keep the loophole. Making tourists pay VAT, Stone and Hoenlein wrote, could "cause many to reconsider, postpone, or even cancel trips to Israel." It would raise the cost of Birthright, the program that gives free trips to Israel to 40,000 Jewish young adults annually, and of "missions," visits by delegations of U.S. Jewish organizations, they said.
The cabinet decided to keep the exemption. To be fair, the local tourism industry also pressured politicians. On the other hand, public outcry did not keep the cabinet from slashing support for poor and middle-class families. The precise impact of the request from the Presidents Conference is unknown. But Stone and Hoenlein certainly didn't refrain from lobbying the Israeli government when it affected their pockets.
U.S. Jews are also lobbying Israel about the Western Wall, the Jewish holy site in Jerusalem's Old City. For two decades, a religious feminist group called Women of the Wall has tried to hold services at the Wall and perform rituals that Orthodox Judaism traditionally limits to men. However, the state has assigned management of the site to Orthodox rabbis-and not from the side of Orthodoxy that has any interest in feminism. Along with all the other conflicts over holy places in the Old City, the issue has simmered for years.
Then, Women of the Wall got a surge of media coverage in America. Over the past few months, leaders of the Reform and Conservative denominations and of other American Jewish groups have pressed the Israeli government to change the rules at the Wall. Abraham Foxman, head of the Anti-Defamation League-like the Presidents Conference and the AJC, a high-profile group known better for deflecting criticism of Israel-raised the issue in a personal meeting with Netanyahu. The lobbying led Netanyahu to assign a political ally, Natan Sharansky, to find a solution. Sharansky proposed expanding the prayer area and giving part to non-Orthodox groups.
If the Women of the Wall roused more rage in America than in their home town, it's partly because American Jews tend to be more sentimentally intense about the Wall, more mythically aroused, than most Israeli Jews. When people regard ground as sacred, every incident there is magnified. For many American Jews, not letting the Women of the Wall pray at that place shouts government disdain for non-Orthodox Judaism, in other words, most of American Judaism. Put differently, the democratic Jewish state is symbolically disrespecting both American Jews and religious freedom.
This complaint, though, will be quite irrelevant if Israel ceases to be a Jewish state or if it writes off democracy. Which brings us back to Kerry's warning.
Since President Barack Obama's visit to Israel in March, Kerry has been a constant traveler in the Middle East, trying to get Netanyahu and Palestinian President Mahmud Abbas to sit down and negotiate a two-state agreement. Originally Obama and Kerry allotted eight weeks for success, with the implication that this is enough time for the sides to show whether they're serious. Kerry has bent the deadline a bit, and is waiting for answers from Jerusalem and Ramallah. Conventional wisdom says that each side's strategy is to insure that Washington blames the other for failure. Much of the Israeli ruling coalition, presumably including Netanyahu, believes that the status quo is preferable to concessions. "Naïve" is one of the nicer words that pundits, especially in Israel, have used for Kerry.
But as Kerry correctly told his audience on Monday, "We're running out of time" and "if we don't succeed now, we may not get another chance." The chances for a two-state agreement will shrink drastically if Obama's initiative fails. In the long term, either Israeli democracy will vanish into the colonial morass of the occupation, or the Jewish state will vanish into a single entity between the Jordan and the Mediterranean.
Kerry was too delicate, though, when he said that "a realistic one-state solution does not exist." In a crescent stretching from Basra to Beirut, there are territories marked on the map as countries, where antagonistic communities were forced to share governments. At the moment, the experiment does not look successful.
More immediately, the end of Kerry's effort will be a signal to Netanyahu to accelerate settlement building, and to Abbas to turn to the United Nations and the International Criminal Court to isolate Israel. If anything stops Abbas, it will be the collapse of the Palestinian Authority. With it will go the Palestinian security forces that are now helping to prevent terror attacks in Israel. The status quo, as Kerry warned, "will not be static tomorrow."
So the secretary of state asked his listeners to "send a message" to Jerusalem rather than Washington this time: Sit down at the table now. Make peace, not excuses.
How much influence can Jewish organizations in the United States have on Netanyahu's decisions? No one knows. But a message from the AJC or the Presidents Conference that there's a limit to the Israeli behavior they can explain in America might have shock value. Kerry's request may be the proof that he's naïve, but ignoring his warning is much more naïve. If the Israeli-Palestinian conflict turns violent again, hotel rooms will be empty in Jerusalem regardless of whether the price includes VAT, and who prays how at the Western Wall will not seem very significant. The Israel lobby should be lobbying Israel about the issue that matters most.
Gershom Gorenberg is a senior correspondent for the Prospect.
Read more by Gershom Gorenberg

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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text:
Voice Control Will Force an Overhaul of the Whole Internet
Author: Cade MetzCade Metz
Jason Mars built his own Siri and then he gave it away.
Mars is a professor of a computer science at the University of Michigan. Working alongside several other university researchers, he recently built a digital assistant that could instantly respond to voice commands—much like Siri, the talking assistant offered on the Apple iPhone. Then he open sourced the thing, freely sharing the underlying code with the world at large.
Known as Sirius, the project is a way for all sorts of other software coders to explore the complexities of modern speech recognition, and perhaps even add speech rec to their own mobile apps. This, Jason Mars realizes, is where the world is moving.
But the project has another aim. Mars also realizes that the massive computing centers that underpin today's internet are ill-equipped for the coming voice revolution, and with his project, he hopes to show how these facilities must change. "We want to understand how future data centers should be built," he says.
We want to understand how future data centers should be built.
Jason Mars
You see, digital assistants like Siri and Google Now and Microsoft Cortana don't just run on your phone. They run across thousands of machines packed into these enormous computing centers, and as we extend such services to more and more people across the globe, we can't just run them on ordinary machines. That would take up far too much space and burn far too much energy. We need hardware that's significantly more efficient.
With their open source project, Mars and his colleagues, including a Michigan PhD student named Yunqi Zhang, can show how a tool like Siri operates inside the data center, and ultimately, they aim to identify the hardware best suited to running this kind of voice service—not to mention all the other artificially intelligent tools poised to remake the internet, from face recognition tools to self-driving cars.
Dwarfing Google Search
In testing Sirius, Mars has already shown if you run the service on traditional hardware, it requires about 168 times more machines, space, and power than a text-based search engine a la Google Search. When you consider that voice-recognition is the future of not only mobile phones but the ever growing array of wearable devices, from Apple Watch on down, that's completely impractical. "We're going to hit a wall," Mars says. Data centers don't just take up space. They don't just cost enormous amounts of money to build. They burn enormous amounts of energy—and that costs even more money.
The big question is: What hardware will replace the traditional gear? It's a question that will affect not only the Apples and the Googles and the Microsofts and so many other app makers, but also the companies that sell data center hardware, most notably big-name chip makers like Intel and AMD. "We're all over this," says Mark Papermaster, AMD's chief technology officer. "It's huge for us and our future."
Ultimately, that's why Mars is running his Sirius project. The Apples and Googles and the Microsoft know how this new breed of service operates, but the rest of the world doesn't. And they need to.
A Parallel Universe
Most web services, from Google's web search engine to Facebook's social network, run on basic server chips from Intel and AMD (mostly Intel). The problem is: these CPUs (central processing units) are ill-suited to a voice-recognizing services like Siri, which tend to run lots and lots of tiny calculations in parallel.
As companies like Google, Microsoft, and Chinese search giant Baidu have said, these calculations work better on simpler, less-power-hungry processors, such as the GPU (graphics processing unit) chips originally built for processing complex digital images, or on the FPGA (field programmable array) chips that can be programmed for specific tasks. Google is already using GPUs to power the brain-like "neural networks" that help drive its Siri-like service, Google Now. And Microsoft is using FPGAs to drive at least part of its Bing search engine.
No, Bing doesn't do voice. But like GPUs, FPGAs improve efficiency across all sorts of sweeping web services, mainly because they don't burn as much power or take up as much space.
Basically, with GPUs and FPGAs, you can pack more chips into each machine. Though each one alone is not as powerful as a CPU, you can divide larger calculations into small pieces and spread them across each chip. This becomes even more attractive with applications like voice recognition, which are so well suited to parallel processing. "A number of these emerging workloads require you to sift through a massive amount of information very quickly," Papermaster says. "Those, by their very nature, can be accelerated [with GPUs or FPGAs] because of the repetitive nature of the work you're doing."
GPUs are now the chips of choice not only for voice recognition, but for all sorts of other services based on neural networks. These "deep learning" tools involve everything from the face recognition services on Google+ and Facebook to the ad targeting tech on the Baidu search engine, and eventually, they'll help power self-driving cars and othe robotics. Jeff Dean, who helps oversee much of the deep learning work at Google, says the company now uses a blend of GPUs and CPUs in running neural networks that now help power about 50 different Google web services.
But as Microsoft has shown, FPGAs provide another option. With his open source digital assistant, Jason Mars—who has long explored modern data center architecture, at Michigan as well as the University of California, San Diego—seeks to determine which is the best option for our future internet services.
Beyond Apple and Google
The answer is still unclear. But with Sirius, Mars has at least shown that GPUs and FPGAs are much better options than what a company like Intel offers today. "It's going to be absolutely critical that future data center designs include GPUs or FPGAs," Mars says. "You can get at least an order-of-magnitude improvement."
Because you can program them to do whatever you want, he says, FPGAs are potentially much more efficient than GPUs (according to the University of Michigan tests, FPGAs can provide about 16 times the performance, versus about ten times for GPUs). But they require more design work. Companies like Google and Apple and Microsoft must hire engineers who can program them.
Siri and Cortana and Google Now—and even more advanced applications that deal with data analytics and process video in realtime and give you personalized suggestions—is where our technology is going.
GPUs also require some extra work. As with FPGAs, you must tailor your software to these particular chips. But you needn't program the chips themselves. And for that reason, these could be a more viable option, especially when you consider that voice recognition tools will eventually move beyond the Apples and the Googles and Microsofts, into companies even less willing to hire their own chip engineers.
"Siri and Cortana and Google Now—and even more advanced applications that deal with data analytics and process video in real time and give you personalized suggestions—is where our technology is going, where industry is going," Mars says.
However all this plays out, it will reshape the world of computer processors. Intel is already exploring FPGAs. GPU maker nVidia is riding the deep learning wave to new heights. And AMD, which bought GPU maker ATI years ago, is pushing even further into the field. As Papermaster says, the company is now working with companies across the industry to built tools that will let coders more easily write software for GPUs.
When you consider that many of the big internet companies, including Facebook and Microsoft, are also exploring the use of low-powered ARM chips inside their data centers, the chip market is poised for an enormous shift over the next several years. Jason Mars and his Sirius project aims to show what this will look like. But Sirius could also feed the big shift. After all, if everyone runs their own Siri, they'll need their own chips.
#Cortana
#Siri
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text:
HEI, Big Island Sustainable BioFuels Contract Benefits Maui
January 7, 2011, 9:39 AM HST · Updated January 7, 12:27 PM
By Sonia Isotov
Hawaiian Electric Company today signed a contract for Big Island company, Aina Koa Pono (AKP), to provide sustainable, locally grown and processed biofuel for electric generation in Hawaii. With planned operations in the Ka'u region of the Hawaii Island, the project will initially supply biofuel to Keahole Power Plant on that land.
"This is the first contract awarded as a result of our call in April 2010 for locally grown and processed biofuels to be used in our power plants on Hawaii Island, Oahu and in Maui County," said Robbie Alm, Hawaiian Electric executive vice president.
Subject to approval by the Public Utilities Commission, with input from the Consumer Advocate, the contract would initiate an innovative plan to provide economic support to Hawaii Island customers while encouraging more renewable energy statewide. It asks for the PUC to spread among customers of Hawaii Electric Light Company, Maui Electric Company and Hawaiian Electric Company the difference between the price of locally grown and produced biofuel and the fossil fuel it replaces.
Based on December 2010 fuel costs, this would add less than 1/3 of a cent per kilowatthour, or $1.55 to $1.86 per month, to a typical residential customer bill (typical residential use varies between 500 and 600 kilowatthours a month) for Hawaii Island, Maui County and Oahu customers.
"This contract provides for potential future delivery of AKP biofuels to other islands, making it reasonable that all customers join in paying the initial incremental cost as this facility gets up and running. Fossil fuel oil prices are expected to continue their erratic climb, so in time the cost of AKP biofuel is expected to be less than the cost of the oil it displaces," Alm said.
"Hawaii Island already has the highest level of renewable energy in the state, getting more than 30% of its energy from renewable sources. Renewable energy requirements are calculated on a consolidated basis for the Hawaiian Electric companies' service territories, so Maui and Oahu have benefited from Hawaii Island's leadership," Alm said.
'Āina Koa Pono is a Hawai'i-based company co-founded by local business developers Dr. Melvin H. Chiogioji and Kenton Eldridge. The company is dedicated to the development and implementation of renewable energy solutions using innovative and proven technologies. 'Āina Koa Pono estimates it will create a minimum of 300 construction jobs over the first two years and ultimately more than 100 permanent operation and farming jobs.
California Sent Maui Most U.S. Visitors in 2010
NASDAQ, Enterprise Honolulu Sponsor Entrepreneur Pitch Competition
HEI Withdraws LNG Plans After Termination of NextEra Merger
Maui Biodiesel Biz Snags Contract for Honolulu Airport
Kūihelani Solar Among Six PUC Approved Projects


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Fashion Made Simple In This ArticleIt's not hard to dress wlel. Once you understand the basics of fashion, it's simple. To get to the top of your fashion game, the article below will give you some great advice you can start using now. Read on for some great tips. It has become fashionable for men to wear clothes that are very baggy, but this should be avoided. This makes you look sloppy and can make you look larger than you really are. While you do not have to wear anything that is too restricted, one size larger than your actual size should be the limit.Don't be afraid to top off your look with an awesome hat. In days gone by, it was commonplace for women and men to wear hats on a daily basis. What was once the height of fashion has, unfortunately, fallen to the wayside in modern times. Be adventurous, and finish off your look with an ultra-cool fedora or a pretty sun hat.For men with thinning hair, a small amount of hair mousse can be incredibly helpful. Apply it to the hair from the roots out on wet or dry hair. The mousse will add some volume, without weighing down your hair. It will also simplify styling your hair, and help train it.It is not very easy to wear plaid, particularly when you are looking to adopt a look that is softer than you normally have. If you must wear plaid, make sure that you pair it with something that is feminine like skinny jeans or a bag that has ruffles on it. Do not wear your hair too dark if you have lighter skin and/or lighter eyes. While darker hair looks nice on people that have darker eyes and skin tones, it will only make you look washed out. If you must darken your hair, put some streaks in it in order to brighten them up.When you are at the beach or pool, store your sunscreen in a cool place. Otherwise, the heat can change the chemical composition of the product, making it less effective. You can put it in a plastic baggie before placing it in your beverage cooler, or put it in a bag with ice.You can be fashionable. You can also have fun at the same time. Take the keys that have been set forth in this article and use them to find a fashionable look that fits you and makes you look great.


text:
Edward Bedrosian
For contributions to the fields of nonlinear circuits analysis and communications systems.
Wai-Kai Chen
For contributions to graph and network theory.
Ernest R. Kretzmer
For contributions to the understanding of video signal transmission, and for leadership in the development of data communication systems.
Jerome R. Cox, Jr.
For contributions to the application of computers to clinical medicine.
Aharon A. Ksienski
For contributions to signal processing antennas.
Carl G. Eilers
For pioneering contributions to the FM stereophonic broadcasting system.
Hisashi Kobayashi
For contributions to data transmission and to modeling and performance analysis of computer communications systems.
Lewis E. Franks
For contributions to the theory and application of periodically variable networks and filters.
Bun-ichi Oguchi
For contributions to microwave and millimeter-wave transmission and for leadership in the research and the development of telecommunications.
Ivan T. Frisch
For contribution to the development and application of network theory.
John G. Puente
For contributions to the development of digital techniques and multiple access communications.
Hans W. Schuessler
For contributions to the theory of analog and digital filters.
David A. Hodges
For design and evaluation of semiconductor integrated circuits, and for education in digital electronic circuits and devices.
Rudolf Saal
For contributions to filter design and to engineering education.
Fred D. Waldhauer
For contributions to the development of pulse code modulation systems and of design techniques for feedback amplifiers.
Martial A. Honnel
For contributions to electrical engineering education and electronic instrumentation.
Ronald W. Schafer
For contributions to digital signal processing and speech communication.
Lars H. Zetterberg
For contributions to communication theory and medical signal processing and to engineering education.


text:
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `states` (
  `state_id` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `state` VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`state_id`)
);

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `cities` (
  `city_id` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `city_name` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
  `state_id` INT(10) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY  (`city_id`)
);

ALTER TABLE `cities`
ADD FOREIGN KEY (state_id)
REFERENCES `states`(state_id);

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Splitting a date range into equal subranges with remaining time allocated to the last Is there a more elegant/pythonic way to do what the title says and this function does?
def split_datetime_range(start, end, split):
    """Splits a range of dates into a list of equal ranges
    with remaining time allocated to the last of the series.
    This function doesn't overlap dates, so seconds are lost
    inbetween each range

    Parameters:
      start - The start of the range
      end - The end of the range
      split - How many ranges to produce

    Returns:
      A list of tuples, each tuple is its own range
    """
    total_seconds = int((end - start).total_seconds())
    delta = total_seconds / split
    starts = [start + timedelta(seconds=delta * i) for i in range(split)]
    ends = [s + timedelta(seconds=delta - 1) for s in starts]
    ends[len(ends) - 1] = end
    return zip(starts, ends)

edit -
one constraint is it has to be in 'seconds' resolution and not 'microseconds' resolution. The idea is to generate a list of date ranges to supply to a web service that accepts dates in iso8601 with seconds resolution

A: I am not sure if this meets your requirements.
>>> from datetime import *
>>> end = datetime.now()
>>> start = end - timedelta(30)
>>> start
datetime.datetime(2013, 6, 17, 18, 35, 17, 353000)
>>> end
datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 17, 18, 35, 17, 353000)
>>> d = (end- start) / 7
>>> d
datetime.timedelta(4, 24685, 714285)
>>> [(i * d + start, (i+1)*d+start) for i in range(7)]
[(datetime.datetime(2013, 6, 17, 18, 35, 17, 353000), datetime.datetime(2013, 6,
22, 1, 26, 43, 67285)), (datetime.datetime(2013, 6, 22, 1, 26, 43, 67285), date
time.datetime(2013, 6, 26, 8, 18, 8, 781570)), (datetime.datetime(2013, 6, 26, 8
, 18, 8, 781570), datetime.datetime(2013, 6, 30, 15, 9, 34, 495855)), (datetime.
datetime(2013, 6, 30, 15, 9, 34, 495855), datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 4, 22, 1, 0
, 210140)), (datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 4, 22, 1, 0, 210140), datetime.datetime(
2013, 7, 9, 4, 52, 25, 924425)), (datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 9, 4, 52, 25, 92442
5), datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 13, 11, 43, 51, 638710)), (datetime.datetime(2013
, 7, 13, 11, 43, 51, 638710), datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 17, 18, 35, 17, 352995)
)]
>>>

If you want the iso format without the milliseconds, given a datetime object 'now':
>>> now
datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 17, 19, 9, 1, 835000)
>>> now.strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S')
'2013-07-17T19:09:01'

A: You mentioned itertools - so here's something you could play with - untested though:
from datetime import datetime
from itertools import count, islice

def datetime_range(start, end, number):
    start_secs = (start - datetime(1970, 1, 1)).total_seconds()
    end_secs = (end - datetime(1970, 1, 1)).total_seconds()
    dates = [datetime.fromtimestamp(el) for el in islice(count(start_secs, (end_secs - start_secs) / number), number + 1)]
    return zip(dates, dates[1:])

print datetime_range(datetime(2012, 1, 1), datetime(2012, 1, 30), 10)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: accessing an element in  inside  with selenium python there is this website with a weird html body, i did manage to open the 2nd html code in a new tab but its not what i want unfortunately i am trying to auto click it with selenium but it seems to be inaccessible i've tried the following selectors:
vidstream = driver.find_elements(By.TAG_NAME, value='html')[1]
# error: list index out of range!

vidstream = driver.find_element(By.CLASS_NAME, value='._reload')
# error: no such element: Unable to locate element: {"method":"css selector","selector":"._reload"}

vidstream = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, value='.fullpage.vidplay._reload')
# erroe: no such element: Unable to locate element: {"method":"css selector","selector":".fullpage.vidplay._reload"}

and many other possibilities but with out any luck,
any work around is welcome, thanks.
enter image description here

A: Something like this should work (assuming you have only 1 iframe, or the occurrence in question is the first iframe):
iframe is a subset of the main DOM. It is not necessarily that all websites uses this, but some do; in such case, you first need to switch your selenium pointer to the iframe first, and when the pointer is in iframe, then access the elements inside the iframe.
driver.switch_to.frame(driver.find_element(By.TAG_NAME, 'iframe'))
driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[@class='fullpage video _reload") # pls check if I have written the class name correctly.

And then to switch back to parent DOM:
driver.switch_to.default_content()

Note: I do not know if pointer is the right term, but I thought it helps in making you understand in a colloquial tongue.


Schreiben Sie den ersten Kommentar zu "Chronic Fatigue".
Many people suffer from chronic fatigue, but this is not a problem that simply has to be accepted.
You probably know the feeling of returning home from a long working day with the desire to make yourself comfortable on the sofa. Even as a host of an exuberant celebration, you have certainly felt quite exhausted. After such situations, there is truly nothing better than simply closing your eyes and relaxing. As exhausting as the day was, there is always a little relief to have managed everything. You know what you have achieved and can enjoy your well-deserved break. But just imagine if this tiredness were to persist. Instead of the pride of having mastered a challenge, step out the hopelessness of finding one's way out of the depression. If friends and family also react with incomprehension, the constant tiredness becomes a hard test and can have serious consequences.
Chronic fatigue is no longer a rare phenomenon. Due to the increasing number of people affected, scientists recognized the diagnosis as an independent disease. However, the limitation to other complaints is not always clear, as there are many parallels. Self-knowledge is, however, one of the most important steps to break out of the vicious circle. But dealing with chronic fatigue is not easy for relatives either.
Whether you are affected yourself or accompany a patient on his way of suffering, this e-book gives you a detailed insight into the clinical picture of chronic fatigue. You will also receive valuable tips on how to deal with the complaints.
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In 1 Corinthians 15:21-22. Paul is referring to Genesis chapter 3. That chapter explains how Adam, the first man, chose on purpose not to obey God. Adam's decision has affected every person who has lived after him.
Sometimes people say that Adam only needed to confess his evil deed for God to forgive him. Those people have not realised how serious this matter was.
When God created man, God gave him authority over every living thing on earth (Genesis 1:28). By his evil deed, Adam handed over that authority to the devil. The result was that the devil could do his evil work in the world. That was how death, disease, and every kind of evil deed entered the world (Romans 5:12).
It seems that Adam and his wife Eve did serve God after that event. But they could not stop the evil results of their actions. The devil had gained power, and he wanted to use all his power to oppose God.
Only Jesus Christ, God's Son, was able to defeat the devil (Hebrews 2:14). To do that, Christ had to suffer, in his own body, the results of people's evil deeds. He suffered the pain and punishment that they deserve (Isaiah 53:4-6). He suffered a shameful death in order to save them.
Because Christ suffered their punishment, God can forgive them. When God forgives a person, he frees that person from the devil's power. In the end, even death will lose its power over God's people (15:51-57).
The result of Adam's evil action is death for all people. The result of Christ's action is new life for all God's people. That is, God saves all the people who trust him. He saves them from the devil, death and every evil power.


text:
Ransomware's dilemma for boards
A leading law firm says directors may be found liable if a company pays ransomware and may also be in breach of their duties for failing to pay hackers a ransom.
Nov 25, 2021 – 7.01pm
There are two schools of thought about how business should respond to cyber criminals demanding ransom payments in return for access to frozen computer systems or the return of stolen data.
Experienced company directors with a background in law want to put pressure on the federal government to make Australia the first country in the world to criminalise ransomware payments.
To report or not to report a ransomware attack: company directors could be damned if they do, and damned if they don't. David Rowe
This would end the confusion and uncertainty that surrounds any corporate decision to pay a ransom to a cyber criminal.
Also, making ransomware illegal would provide directors protection against potential class actions.
On the other hand, technology executives experienced in dealing with cyber crime are taking a more pragmatic approach. They argue directors should weigh up the potentially enormous costs of not paying against the size of the ransom, and make a commercial decision.
They say directors should have the discretion to pay ransoms, which would mean leaving in place the murky situation where directors can shop around for legal advice to suit their final position.
This thinking is based on the bizarre idea that there is honour among thieves, that cyber criminals will act in good faith, and one ransom payment will not lead to a demand for another.
There is a third group of directors who believe it is best to say nothing about cyber attacks and never reveal whether a ransom payment has been made.
This position is being made increasingly untenable by federal government moves to force companies to disclose cyber attacks, such as the Critical Infrastructure Bill.
The ransomware debate is complicated by the fear among non-executive directors about the consequences of speaking up.
There is a genuine belief that any robust public call for criminalisation of ransomware will inevitably be met with cyber attacks from criminal gangs and possibly nation states.
Chanticleer sought clarity on the legality of paying a ransom from Rob Hanley, a partner in Ashurst's legal governance advisory division, and his colleague John Macpherson, a director of the firm's risk advisory practice.
"The current legal position of directors of listed companies is completely untenable," Hanley says.
Terrorist financing
"Payment of a ransomware demand may be a criminal offence – both for companies but also for directors, either through aiding and abetting or in their own right.
"In certain circumstances, making a ransomware payment could be an offence under UN sanctions laws, it could be a money-laundering offence, or it could be a terrorist financing offence under the Criminal Codes.
"Directors in Australia could themselves be held liable under the US Patriot Act, which has extraterritorial effect in some cases."
Hanley, Macpherson and Ashurst lawyer Maxine Viertmann have just published a paper describing the murky legal position and recommendations for achieving legal clarity.
"As the law currently stands, payment of a ransom without consideration of the legal implications may lead to a director being found personally liable for the company's offence as a result of 'stepping stone liability', a construct the Australian Securities and Investments Commission has used to find directors liable for failing to prevent a company's contravention where a foreseeable risk of harm was present," the paper says.
"Directors must have a sufficient level of knowledge of ransomware risks so that they are able to challenge and assess the decisions of management.
"Conversely, if the company does not pay a ransom and, as a result of not doing so, the company suffers loss and possibly a significant drop in its share price, directors could face a class action or other shareholder action alleging a breach of their duty to act in good faith in the best interests of the company."
Home Affairs Minister Karen Andrews has indicated in the Ransomware Action Plan that the federal government will pass a law making it a criminal offence to make a ransomware demand.
But the plan is silent on the legality or otherwise of paying a ransom.
"The government could go one or two ways," Hanley says.
"It could either clarify the existing defences, so the directors at least know if they do or don't pay, what defences are available. And our preferred view is that they should legislate specifically to make the payment of a ransom illegal as well."
Tax-deductible
Hanley says the government could provide financial incentives to ensure that companies have proper cyber-security systems and processes. For example, in the US there was an idea floated that cyber prevention costs could be tax-deductible.
Macpherson says there is a dangerous misconception that paying a ransom is an effective and an economically rational decision.
He says there are credible reports that show that fewer than 8 per cent of companies globally retrieved all of their stolen data after paying a ransom.
"The key reason why ransomware risk continues to evolve and exponentially increase is because ransomware payments fund profits that are then used by organised criminals to create better technology," he says.
"And that doesn't really align with corporate values."
One leading company director summed it up well when asked about the dilemma facing boards confronted with a ransomware demand.
"This concept of making ransomware illegal solves the problem because if I'm going to go to jail for doing it, it certainly focuses the mind," the director says.
Tony Boyd is the Chanticleer columnist. He has more than 35 years' experience as a finance journalist. Connect with Tony on Twitter. Email Tony at tony.boyd@afr.com
Ashurst LLP
David Gonski
Most Viewed In Chanticleer


text:
The Ultimate Sweet Fan Site
This is the world of The Sweet, the kings of the seventies with the slashing guitars, rebel yell lyrics, endless number of hits, feverishly high-pitched vocals and harmonies, double time drumming, outrageous glam costumes, make-up, pumpin' Marshalls, phenomenal live shows made by 4 brilliant musicians, composers, individuals and performers. That was Sweet – the most talented and most underrated rock band from that era. Today's Sweet with Andy Scott as the driving force and guarantee for The Sweet quality and sound are touring all the world and keeps the name, music and legacy alive. You can find the news here and please note, this is the official fan site approved by Andy Scott.
The band of today has an illustrious pedigree recreating "live" the high energy and soaring vocals associated with the Sweet sound that is the band's trade mark. During 50+ years of touring the band have played stadiums, arenas, festivals, open air events, breweries, warehouses, churches, factories, caves, clubs, on boats, lakes, at celebrity parties, charity fund raisers, corporate shows & even on top of a mountain in Australia, Austria, Belarus,
Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Faroe Islands, Finland, Germany, Greenland, Guernsey, Hong Kong, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Isle of Man, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jersey, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States.
Saw them in Exeter last week, was a great night out. Still going strong after all these years.
Simon John
Absolutely great and authentic show! I'm a fan since I was 10. I saw them first when I was 14 in 1978, and now aged 58 again in Giessen and was delighted. Thank you all for hanging in, especially Andy Scott (who always was my fav) and the great fellows, who now form The Sweet. Love you <3
Gabi Steinbach
8. November, 2022.
I used to doubt casting spells until I was really desperate to get my husband back after he left me and our four kids for her friend at work and threatened me with divorce. I had no choice but to seek help, and here I found Dr Oselu and gave him a chance. Being really skeptical I was surprised how spells really work and I'm glad I meant and very much... I recommend him. If you have a problem and are looking for a real and genuine spell caster to solve it. Try Dr Oselu today, he could be the answer to your problem? Here message him on his WhatsApp https://www.facebook.com/Dr-Oselu-Herbal-Home-100861199450640 WhatsApp +254741533079
Stevoh William Albrecht
26. October, 2022.
Tolle Rock Band. Bin Fan seit 1971. Erster gig 26.4.75, letzter gig 24.6.22, nächster gig 7.11.22. Kann mir die Band immer wieder ansehen. Hoffe das sie noch einige Jahre touren
Edith Gerlach
17. September, 2022.
Super Rockmusik aus meiner Jugend(DDR-Zeit), die immer noch anspricht!!😎🤘👍👏
Andreas Meinicke
21. August, 2022.
Still going strong for many years
Michael Pondtwig
4. August, 2022.
Saw them last night at the Medina Ballroom. it was a Rocking show. i know the OG members have passed, but it was a different line up than pictured here, except the drummer. one complaint: didn't play Hellraiser...... 😢😉
Caligula Bilderberg
13. February, 2022.
I have been a sweet fan for over 50 years. Still sound as good and as fresh today. saw them at the buttermarket in Shrewsbury. excellent night. Met some really nice people. From the first song to the last a thoroughly enjoyable evening.
Les Briscoe
3. December, 2021.
It's the best Rockband in the world
HorstPeter Schlösser
5. September, 2021.
Rock´n´Roll at its best!
Axel Volke
Be updated
Hello Sweet Fan !
It's nice to meet you. Sign up to receive awesome content in your inbox - we won't spam you at all.
Official video for Sweet's brand new single "Don't Bring Me Water" out on January 6th 2023. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=myznyBF5YAw "Don't Bring Me Water" will be released on the 6th January 2023. The song was recorded at the world renowned Real World Studios and Guitarist/Producer Andy Scott's own studio in Wiltshire. Scott said "the new release crosses musical boundaries fusing Rock and Pop which are the trade marks of a Sweet single". The track is taken from the forthcoming album – Paradox. Written by Corrie Fraser/Tim Fraser.
Saturday 4 February, 7.00pm  BME are currently celebrating 70 years of the UK Singles Charts, and January 2023 marks 50 years since The Sweet stormed to the top of the charts with Block Buster! – one of the defining songs of the Glam era, and a truly great UK No.1. The Sweet would go on to have two more massive hits in 1973 in Hell Raiser and Ballroom Blitz, and were regulars in the upper reaches of the Official Singles Chart. To mark the occasion – and to look back across a career which stretches back six decades – BME are being joined by The Sweet's guitarist and award-winning songwriter Andy Scott for an evening in-conversation. Andy has just finished a UK tour with the band and will be reflecting on almost 60 years of performing in front of audiences in Britain, Europe and beyond. It promises to be a fascinating evening. All tickets £8, on sale Thursday 22 December, 10am. Link to the BME website.
New single will be out Jan, 6th, 2023 – watch this space https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SKkIH3BMer8
The next Sweet gigs:


EIFL has been working in the Maldives since 2011. We are supporting the creation of the Maldives Library Consortium. Through this partnership, libraries in Maldives are able to provide access to a wide range of scholarly e-resources.
University libraries, college and polytechnic libraries, research libraries, national libraries and scholl libraries.
View the complete list of e-resources that have been negotiated for members of the library consortium. For more information please contact the Licensing coordinator for the Maldives.
EIFL started working in Maldives in 2011.
EIFL works with 13 institutions in Maldives through the library consortium.


text:
Is Social Media Saving the Public Option?
Filed By Guest Blogger | August 21, 2009 9:30 AM | comments
Follow bilericoproject
Filed in: Living, Politics
Editor's note: Guest blogger Jake Kaskey is a queer activist, organizer, lobbyist, rabble-rouser, and social media enthusiast living in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He blogs at http://jakekaskey.com and can be found tweeting away @jakekaskey.
Last weekend, liberals had little to be excited about.
Secretary Sebelius, Press Secretary Gibbs, and President Obama himself seemed to be walking back from their commitment to passing health care reform that included a public option- what many progressives and liberals, including myself, consider to be the cornerstone of any meaningful reform. What once was a deal-breaker for the President, and a major campaign promise, had become "negotiable," and "only a sliver" of reform.
What happened next was truly remarkable.
Liberals have gotten quite the reputation for rolling over- backing away from confrontation, avoiding major fights for compromise- and giving in on their own priorities. This time, the House Progressive Caucus, led by Rep. Anthony Weiner, has made it absolutely clear to the White House that nearly 100 members of the House will vote against any bill that does not include a robust public option- effectively killing the bill.
Matt Yglesias notes that for this strategy to work it has to be considered a credible threat- and it is. Today the White House began walking back their discussion on dropping the public option, and the debate has really flipped 180- from moving the bill to the right to satisfy the likes of Ben Nelson and Olympia Snowe, and instead how progressive the bill must be to pass the House.
So what happened, and why do I believe that social media saved (thus far) the public option? First- Progressives have drawn a line in the sand and are holding together to force the White House (and the Senate) to adhere to their own priorities, for once, if they want to see the bill passed. Progressives in the House are truly the last line of defense for any hopes of a public option.
But what I argue is that the condition and environment which is allowing these progressives to stand together and stay strong in this legislative battle is because of the massive and immediate overnight response throughout the blogosphere and in the new social media.
Twitter blew up with the #hc09, #p2, and #hcr hashtags filtering information on minute-by-minute updates. How can I thank my Congressman for standing strong? How do I know if s/he is committed to the public option? Activists and supporters of reform were able to simply open their twitter client, run a search, and find all the information they needed within minutes.
Bloggers, especially Chris Bowers at OpenLeft, rallied activists and supporters, and served as a clearinghouse for up-to-date information. Jane Hamsher at FireDogLake posted a vote count to whip those members not yet publicly vowing to vote against a watered-down bill.
And, most importantly, social media geeks, bloggers, and activists alike created a platform to fight fire with fire - and support those members taking a principled stand financially. Pharmaceutical companies and anti-reform astroturf organizations have spent millions to uphold the status quo and work against meaningful reform - and it seems overnight the progressive movement all of the sudden woke up and fought back, supporting our allies in the way they need it most.
Almost instantaneously a campaign surfaced on ActBlue where supporters can donate to members of Congress standing up for their principles. As of this writing, over $70,000 has been raised, specifically for members of the House of Representatives who are publicly sticking together to see this bill passed the right way. Nearly every other tweet in progressive-minded twitter hashtags provide the link to the ActBlue campaign - and the progressive grassroots and netroots are engaged in a way they haven't been throuhgout this entire legislative fight.
So would the progressive block be sticking together were it not for this immediate and large-scale response and organizing from the social web? Maybe... and maybe not. But I believe it is this mobilization and engagement that is driving the debate finally - for the first time to the left. And keeping Obama to his promises from the campaign.


The integral constraints are defined by implementing this interface.
This implementation defines the constrained Differential Evolution operators that solve an Integer Programming problem.
This integral constraint makes all variables in the objective function integral variables.
This integral constraint makes some variables in the objective function integral variables.


text:
using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Urho.Urho2D;
using Urho.Gui;
using Urho.Resources;
using Urho.IO;
using Urho.Navigation;
using Urho.Network;

namespace Urho.Resources
{
	/// <summary>
	/// JSON number type.
	/// </summary>
	public enum JsonNumberType
	{
		Nan = 0,
		Int,
		Uint,
		FloatDouble
	}
}


text:
TECHNOLOGY REPORT
Technology news bits. Artificial Intelligence. SES, CES.
About Technology Report
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CES Parties for CES 2010 in Las Vegas
CES Parties for CES 2011 in January.
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Category Archives: android
Nexus 5 – Google Nexus 5 Phone Specs and Price
Posted on October 9, 2013 by Joe Hunkins
Update. Nexus 5 is now available for purchase from Google Play, but appears shipments are delayed by "2-3 weeks". http://www.google.com/nexus/5/
Here, from Android Police, are the likely specs of the Google Nexus 5 phone coming out very, very soon – probably the Nexus 5 announcement by Google will be this week or next.
The price, according to most rumors, will be a spectacular $299 (unsubsidized), making the Nexus 5 one of the great phone values in years.
Here are the specs based on the leaked user manual:
4.95″ 1080p display (IPS TFT for those interested)
32GB internal storage (other capacities not specified)
MSM8974 aka Snapdragon 800 at 2.3GHz
8MP OIS rear camera, 1.3MP front camera
Sensors: Accelerometer, Gyroscope, Compass, Proximity/Ambient Light, Pressure
Slimport compatibility
Micro SIM slot
Notification light
Bluetooth 4.0 (not sure on this one)
UMTS/GSM/CDMA/LTE compatibility
Posted in android, Cell Phones, Google
EVOLUTION OF THE ANDROID OS
Posted on April 29, 2013 by Joe Hunkins
EVOLUTION OF THE ANDROID OS – A Technology Report Guest Post
By Charlie O'Hay
Released in September 2008, the Android OS has gone through an abundance of incarnations—ever increasing its functionality and flexibility—though not all of the transitional versions were made commercially available. Here, we'll trace the Android OS timeline and define the features and advantages of each version available to consumers.
Released in September 2008, this version was designed for the HTC Dream / T-Mobile G1, but ended up not being used on any commercially available device.
This version tweaked 1.0 and was commercially released exclusively for the HTC Dream (T-Mobile G1) in October, 2008. Adjustments resolved some of the bugs experienced with version 1.0. Features included web browser, Gmail synchronization (with app), Google Search, Google Maps, Google Calendar, Google Contacts, Google Talk, instant messaging, text messaging, and media player.
Released in April 2009 and codenamed "Cupcake" by Google, this version was the first major release to be made available in a range of devices. Features included camcorder support to record and watch videos, easy upload of images and videos to websites like Picasa and Youtube, Bluetooth enhancements, animation on screen transitions, and an on-screen keyboard with predictive text.
Nicknamed "Donut," this September 2009 release included new camera, camcorder, and photo gallery interfaces, improved voice search technology, Google navigation, text-to-speech engine, multi-touch gesture support, and Virtual Private Network support.
Versions 2.0 and 2.1
Version 2.0 (October 2009) was quickly followed in January 2010 by Version 2.1, consequently 2.0 appears in few devices. Version 2.1 (nicknamed "Éclair") has proven quite successful, owing largely to its improved user interface, enhanced speed, improved virtual keyboard, Contact and Account improvements, and an array of camera enhancements—including flash, digital zoom, white balance, scene modes, and macro zoom.
Nicknamed "FroYo" and released in November 2010, version 2.2 allowed tethering to as many as eight WiFi "hot spots" or connection via USB. Other enhancements included camera improvements, multi-lingual keyboard support, quicker app access and faster browsing, Bluetooth improvements, and Microsoft Exchange.
"Gingerbread," as it was called, was released in December 2010 and offered an improved user interface, a faster and more intuitive virtual keyboard, copy/paste capability, improved power usage status and power management, internet phone calling, Near-Field Communication support and tagging, new download manager, front and rear cameras, and support for barometer, gravity, gyroscope, linear acceleration, and rotation.
Released in February 2011, "Honeycomb" was the first Android OS to target the large-screen tablet devices. Features geared to tablet users included a new system bar, action bar, a customizable home screen, and a list of recently used/downloaded apps. The keyboard was again streamlined and the copy, cut, and paste functionality improved. Other features included Bluetooth tethering, support for physical keyboards, multi-core processor support, 2D and 3D graphics support, and applications for larger screens including browser, camera, gallery, contact and email.
This June 2011 update retained the nickname "Honeycomb" included improvements for tablet users—including navigation and animation improvements essential for entertainment purposes and playing Android games. USB support for a more varied array of accessories (including keyboard, mouse, and digital camera), support for joysticks and gamepads, improved WiFi networking stability, expanded recent apps list and updated set of standard apps (browser, gallery calendar, contacts, and email).
Still called "Honeycomb," this July 2011 version continued to provide enhancements for tablet users—including compatibility zoom for fixed-sized applications, direct application access to SD card file system, and extended ability to handle different screen sizes.
Released in October 2011, "Ice Cream Sandwich" merged the phone-based design of the second generation with the tab-centered design of the tablet-friendly third generation. The user interface and apps selection were again redesigned, and users could now save often used items in home folders and a favorites tray. Other improvements included resizable widgets, lock screen, network data control, and faster call response. Users also benefitted from camera/camcorder improvements (including image stabilization, the ability to take still shots during video, and photo editing). The browser could now deliver full-sized web page appearance, and this version featured improved email, NFC-based sharing, and WiFi-direct suppotrt.
Released in July 2012, "Jellybean," as it was called, included even more user interface enhancements (including improved touch response and transitions; expandable, actionable notifications; and adaptive keyboard). Other popular features included the ability to instantly review photos, external Braille input and output via USB, enhanced voice search capability, photo sharing, USB audio, and Google Wallet.
The most recent Android OS version to date maintains the "Jellybean" name and allows multiple users for tablets, a PhotoSphere feature that allows 360º images, keyboard gesture typing, Daydream feature to display info while a user's device is isle or docked, and the ability to beam photos or videos to another device.
This is a guest post by Charlie O'Hay, a tech expert & Big Fish Android games enthusiast.
Posted in android, gaming, Google, mobile	| Tagged android, games, Google
Websites to Watch
China Business Network
CN Reviews
Consumer Electronics Association
Hacked!
Advancing the science of saving energy with apps & hi-tech equipment (Guest Post)
Nexus 5 now available for purchase at Google Play. Delivery appears delayed another 2-3 weeks.
Human Brain Project vs Brain Mapping Project – advantage Europe
2014 International CES in Las Vegas January 7th-10th
With Google CEO Dr. Eric Schmidt


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November 25, 2019 — 0
Colombia may never be the same
"Wow. It just keeps going," I said out loud upon leaving Medellín several years ago. Our car was taking us to the airport via the city's southeast, through El Poblado, its wealthiest sector. And as we drove, the luxury apartment buildings, shopping malls, and manicured parks kept passing by my window for what seemed like miles. They didn't stop. I'd only been to Medellín a few times, but the fancy part of town was much larger than I'd thought.
It's the same in Bogotá. Following the eastern mountains 100 blocks north from the financial district around 72nd street—but actually starting below, in rapidly gentrifying neighborhoods like Chapinero and La Soledad—through El Chicó, El Retiro, Santa Bárbara, Usaquén, and others, there's a profusion of gleaming shopping malls and condominiums, creative restaurants, arty hotels, brewpubs, espresso bars, armored SUVs, and uniformed security guards. These neighborhoods are mostly affordable if you live on a U.S. wage scale, but even then, many are too pricey. Most of these amenities didn't exist when I started visiting Colombia in the late 90s. And now, they just keep going.
There is a lot of money in Colombia. Development economists call it an "upper middle income" country.
But there's even more lack of money in Colombia.
Go to an upper floor of one of Bogota's condo towers or bank skyscrapers, and you can see vast neighborhoods of self-built brick houses hugging the hillsides, in Usme, Ciudad Bolivar, Bosa, Soacha, Kennedy. The people who live there are Bogotá's poorest, and they number perhaps three million, maybe more. Many make do in the informal economy, at or below the US$250 monthly minimum wage.
Closer in, you can see thousands of florescent-lit, cramped apartment complexes and housing projects where a similar number of people live. Those are the lower middle class, with enough to eat and their kids in school, probably, but barely making it.
Back on the street, look at all the blue SITP buses and TransMilenio vehicles stuffed with people, packed until they're pressed up against the windows during rush hour. The sub-compact yellow taxis looking for passengers. The uniformed guards, waiters, maintenance workers, maids, and domestics, just off work and hoping not to have their cash or cellphones robbed during their long journeys home.
The people in those neighborhoods and buses—the "sectores populares"—they see the shopping malls and restaurants, too. (They're not shopping or eating there, of course.) They see the condos and social clubs. It's all in plain view, and it just keeps going.
Do they admire and aspire to join those who live there? Or do they tell each other that much of the wealth they see is ill-gotten? Do they believe that most of the "estrato seis" neighborhoods' inhabitants are simply the most skilled thieves—or those thieves' descendants? It's not hard to arrive at that conclusion given Colombia's decades of drug-trafficking wealth, money-laundering wealth, and incessant corruption scandals.
Either way, the majority who ride the bus and make a living rebuscando (barely getting by) probably don't believe that the people in those well-to-do neighborhoods are paying their fair share. There's a lot of money in Colombia. If the tax burden were just, and the resources managed cleanly, surely the rest of the city would have better schools, safer conditions, reliable healthcare, fewer potholes, and yes, a modern subway.
Most of the time, the barely-scraping-by majority will tolerate much from the wealthy minority. Especially when a media-savvy populist leader cracks down on petty crime or rallies behind socially conservative causes. Or especially when there's a commodities boom, and all sectors see their incomes and services improve for a while. Or especially when an armed conflict is raging, and all who complain too loudly get tarred as supporters of radical and unpopular guerrillas—and thus threatened, spied upon, or worse.
But eventually, the populists' messages wear out, and tepid technocrats take over. The commodities boom ends, and government budgets shrink to what can be collected through taxation. The armed conflict—or at least the worst of it—ends at the negotiating table. What then?
What then, especially, when a belt-tightening government takes measures—or even considers measures—that hit the already-stretched budgets of the poorest and lower-middle? A pensions cut, a fare hike, a regressive sales tax?
What happens is probably what Colombia is seeing now. A labor union confederation calls for a day of work stoppages and protest—something that's happened, regularly, since pretty much forever. But this time, dozens of other organizations, representing many sectors, join in. This time, word spreads on social media, and within weeks the whole country is bracing for a national event, an inchoate spasm of protests without a unifying demand but with a generalized anger at those who benefit from the status quo.
I'm surely overstating some of this. The protests that began on November 21 in Colombia aren't quite a "class conflict." Many of those out on the streets are from the middle class, not the poorest—although the middle also feels financially stretched, uncertain, and unhappy about what they're getting from government and from Colombia's economic arrangement. The poorer neighborhoods, though, are also among those ringing with the nightly cacerolazos, where people go out to their windows, roofs, and balconies to bang empty pots and chant slogans.
Still, nobody is marching on the Centro Andino mall or the Zona Gastronómica restaurants, or raiding the mountainside condo complexes of El Chicó. Other than President Iván Duque's residence, protesters aren't massed outside the homes of senators or CEOs. People aren't directing their anger at those neighborhoods that "just keep going."
At least not yet.
One way to move the anger in that direction is for President Duque and his unpopular ruling party to behave the way that they have during the protests' first few days. They've issued messages conflating peaceful protesters with masked "vandals." They've sent riot police to attack peaceful protests without warning or provocation, blanketing plazas and intersections with tear gas, killing an 18-year-old, and filling social media with shocking cellphone videos. They've deigned to meet only with business leaders and elected officials.
The Duque government's tone may be changing now, and I hope it does. When a government finds itself this out of touch with the mood of the country, its only real hope is dialogue with its opponents. Iván Duque won only 39 percent of the vote in the first round of Colombia's 2018 presidential election, his party just got trounced in October 2019 local elections, and now his approval rating is in the mid-20s. To pretend he can govern without dialogue, and without some pretty fundamental concessions about the country's political and economic model, is folly.
Let's hope the dialogue that may—may—be getting underway soon is genuine. Colombia has just entered a 29-month stretch with no elections, with the past few days' protests as a major turning point. The next two and a half years could be a time of difficult but necessary conversations, or they could be a time of intense strife between two very different Colombias, as traumatic as—though fundamentally unlike—what the country endured during 40 years of cartel violence and armed conflict.
It's President Duque's call.
The day ahead: November 27, 2019
Economy and Security
Politics and Security


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Don't hold your breath for a Kaska resource breakthrough
The Yukon Party's much-ballyhooed agreement with the Kaska on resource issues should be treated as a qualified success by at least one measure.
The Yukon Party's much-ballyhooed agreement with the Kaska on resource issues should be treated as a qualified success by at least one measure: it should ensure that one of the Yukon's most litigious First Nations won't lob any more court cases the governing party's way before the next territorial election. That's thanks to more than $3 million being dribbled out by the territory over the next year. One catch to these payments is that they could stop if a new lawsuit arises.
The agreement clearly fits into a broader strategy launched by the Yukon Party, to sign conciliatory-sounding agreements with the territory's First Nations in an effort to remediate the government's badly tarnished image when it comes to cooperating with aboriginal leaders on resource matters. Whether this deal and others like it allow the Yukon Party to wash the stink off itself may hinge on whether these agreements actually achieve something concrete, beyond quieting the chiefs until Yukoners have gone to the polls.
That may not be so easy. Similar agreements have been signed with the Kaska before, with little in the end to show. And it's a stretch to call the new document an agreement on much of anything, beyond a willingness to sit in the same room and talk. Heck, the two parties can't even agree on whose rules should govern resource extraction on Kaska land.
Political wrangling within the Kaska is often inscrutable to outsiders at the best of times, and remains particularly opaque at the moment.
Last year, the Kaska announced they planned to craft their own resource laws governing their territory. To this, Pasloski promptly stuck his foot in his mouth by observing that First Nations under the thumb of the Indian Act aren't considered able to pass their own laws, which many took to be tantamount to saying that the Kaska didn't have a real government. Just what has happened to plans for these much-touted resource laws, nobody now seems able to say.
That may be explained, in part, by what is politely called the Liard First Nation's "capacity issues." The First Nation has in recent years been vocal about how it is under-equipped to scrutinize mining plans being pushed through Yukon's environmental review pipeline.
The situation seems to have only gotten worse since the First Nation fell under third-party management since autumn of 2014, leaving a federally appointed consultant in charge of its books to help repay more than $700,000 owed to Ottawa. LFN later sacked its lands manager in early 2015, citing its ongoing cash squeeze. If the situation has improved since then, nobody at the First Nation, or at Aboriginal Affairs, is saying.
Then there's the matter of the chief, Daniel Morris. Where he stands on resource extraction – or pretty much anything else – remains a mystery to the general public, as he's hardly said a word to reporters since he ran for office more than two years ago. At the time he seemed keen to avoid having to address on the campaign trail his sordid history of having brutally assaulted his wife more than a decade earlier, and he's continued to keep his head down since winning office. If it's surprising that he seems to have offered a comment at this week's announcement, that's perhaps explained by how the event took place in faraway Vancouver.
Put together the First Nation's shaky financial footing and its particularly divisive leadership, and it may seem like a tough time to unite residents on the merits of opening up their homeland to greater resource extraction.
The Yukon Party has, in recent years, been particularly boosterish about seeing more oil and gas work done in the Liard Basin. These efforts have only been modestly more successful than the government's aim to open up the Peel watershed to development – which is to say, they've been entirely counterproductive.
When it came to light last May that the LFN's leadership and the Yukon government had begun talks about the possibility of hydraulic fracturing occurring in the basin, a group of First Nation residents protested in front of the legislature, complaining their leadership had left them in the dark on the subject. It didn't help that not long before then, a government official accidentally emailed a reporter details of the government's plans to warm the public to the idea of allowing fracking. Needless to say, thanks to the well-organized efforts of fracking opponents, the practice is now considered politically toxic in the Yukon, and even if it were not, today's big slump in oil and gas prices have taken any such plans off the table for the immediate future.
None of this changes the fact that the Kaska are among the poorest Yukon First Nations, despite sitting on a wealth of precious metals and oil and gas. It's entirely conceivable that some well-managed mining or oil-and-gas projects could bring badly-needed jobs and money to the region, without despoiling the environment.
But it seems unlikely the region will undergo any big transformation anytime soon, under the remaining terms of either of this chief or this premier.
An old fashioned fix for the city's recycling fracas


So, here in Temple there are a few tracks in the area like Temple R/C and 439 in Belton that are pretty close to me. But, I'll be moving soon to the Eastern side of Texas near Tyler. Are there any tracks out in that area that don't require driving for hours to get there?
Do, or do not. There is no try!
450 or so people looked at this thread and no replies? Sad, sad, sad.
I found a good indoor dirt track this weekend in Garland Texas(about 2 hours from Tyler), a small 1/18 scale only carpet track in McKinney and was told there is an indoor drift track in Richardson as well.