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Home Health The role of media and CSOs towards eradicating severe acute malnutrition in...
The role of media and CSOs towards eradicating severe acute malnutrition in Bauchi State, by Bashir Hassan Abubakar
The persistent negative indices that kept indicating high cases of malnutrition in Nigeria should be of concern to every right-thinking Nigerian. This is because the lives of Nigeria's future productive generations is being threatened by the scourge of Malnutrition which oftentimes degenerates into Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM).
According to a 2017 UNICEF report, an estimated 2.5 million Nigerian children under the age of five years suffer from Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) every year with about an alarming 420,000 children under five dying as a result of this extremely dangerous condition that makes children nine times more likely to die from common childhood illnesses such as diarrhoea, pneumonia and malaria.
Also, the national demographic health survey (NDHS, 2018) reported that malnutrition poses a disturbing public health and development challenges in Nigeria. With a national prevalence rate of 37% among children below the age of five years, the country has the second-highest number of stunted children in the world. Seven per cent of children below the age of 5 years are wasted and 58% of women of childbearing age are anaemic.
Although statistics have shown that Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) is more prevalent in the northern part of the country, especially in the northeast, there are pockets of it in every part of the country.
Every available official report in the country shows that child nutrition is a national calamity that needs to be tackled headlong. Reports of increasing rates of malnutrition have been making the rounds nationwide especially in the northeast and experts are worried that if adequate investments are not made in time, the country may end up with a generation of malnourished children that have potential to grow into malnourished adults.
What this means is that malnourished adults are the ones who will constitute the labour force of the country. There is no way malnourished adults can ever be productive. The implication is that the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the country will be heavily compromised. Worse still, malnutrition is associated with Non-Communicable Diseases such as diabetes and obesity among others.
A World Bank report shows that every year malnutrition claims the lives of three million children aged below 5 globally, with billions of dollars lost to productivity and health care costs.
Perhaps it is in the realization of this worrisome reports and the global COVID-19 Pandemic, which seemed to overstretched the capacities of the Nigerian health system, that spur stakeholder into coming together to face the challenges bordering around malnutrition.
Some Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) and the Media at both national and state levels saw the need to come together to champion the course of changing the narratives bordering around malnutrition in Nigeria.
At the national level, NGOs like the Aisha Buhari Foundation (ABH), Civil Society Legislative Advocacy Center (CISLAC), International Society of Media in Public Health (ISMPH) and Network for Health Equity and Development (NHED) came together with a primary focus on carrying out advocacy to the federal and state governments of Nigeria on the need to pay more attention to the plight of the vulnerable children ravaged by the scourge of severe malnutrition.
It is gladdening to note that these organizations are currently working in collaboration with other non-governmental organizations at both international, national, state and local government levels implementing various projects that are aimed at preventing and managing cases of Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM).
They have been engaging the local CSOs and Media as an avenue to accelerate health care information, create demand and pursue health rights as human rights.
Bauchi state, being the gateway to the northeast, is one of the states that have the highest burden of acute malnutrition cases amongst under-five children, alongside Borno and Yobe states that were ravaged by the activities of insurgents, which is being compounded by the current COVID-19 pandemic.
Available records from Bauchi State Primary Health Care Development Agency based on NNHS 2018 indicates that stunting prevalence rate stands at 45.6 per cent, with severe cases having 16.3 per cent and moderate cases standing 29.3 per cent.
The survey further indicates that Underweight prevalence in children stands 28.2 per cent, with severe cases standing at 8.2 per cent and moderate cases having 20.0 per cent.
But with the support of partners like CISLAC and ISMPH, who had been working with Bauchi based CSOs and the media, there has been a sustained advocacy campaign targeted at policymakers, state legislature, community leaders and other key stakeholders on the need to pay more attention towards prevention and management of severe acute malnutrition in Bauchi State.
According to the executive director of ASHH Foundation, (one of the earliest Bauchi based CSO collaborating with CISLAC), Ms Comfort Attah, said that for over eight years, ASHH Foundation in collaboration with CISLAC had been hammering on the gaps in the prevention and management of SAM in Bauchi State.
"Since 2012, ASHH Foundation, with support from CISLAC and UNICEF had been advocating for the establishment of more CMAM centres in the state, adequate allocation of nutrition budget and timely release of the budgeted funds.
"We also assist in tracking of funds allocated for nutrition in the state. Through such advocacies, there was a slight improvement on the establishment of CMAM centres, from 3 to 9 CMAM centres and 21 OTP sites as well in 2020″, Attah said.
It is worthy to note that prior to the involvement of ISMPH in the campaign against SAM, media engagement with the CSOs was very weak, which oftentimes relegates advocacies of CSOs with little or no publicity to whip up sympathy for such advocacies.
Thus, when ISMPH forayed into some of the northern states with a high burden of SAM, they focused on the media as their key partners in projecting issues around SAM.
The involvement of the media according to the senior program manager of ISMPH, Mr Solomon Dogo, was because of the critical role media is playing in influencing policy direction of governments in Nigeria.
"Key decision-makers have relied on positive media image to sustain the support of the people for their actions. The media strategy for the Nigeria SAM advocacy will be hinged on increasing political support in order to achieve increased domestic resource mobilization for the prevention and management of Severe Acute Malnutrition in Nigeria.
"The objective of the media engagement, therefore, is to use the media as an advocacy platform to pressure key decision-makers to ensure the prevention and treatment of Severe Acute Malnutrition for Nigerian children is prioritized", Dogo said.
The collaboration between ABF, CISLAC, ISMPH and NHED at the national level had greatly improved synergy between Bauchi based CSOs and the media in carrying out effective and sustained advocacy campaigns on the prevention and management acute malnutrition in the state.
This was corroborated by Ms Attah when she disclosed that, "For the first time CSOs and the media in Bauchi State, with support from ISMPH and CISLAC had carried out an effective and well-coordinated campaign when nutrition budget was omitted in the 2020 budget. That singular collaborative effort had triggered chains of activities within the state MDAs that culminated in the re-inclusion of nutrition budget back into the 2020 Bauchi State budget."
The synergy between Bauchi CSOs and the media, that was facilitated by ISMPH and it's consortium partners had added value to the campaign against SAM. Not only do policymakers and implementers pay attention to their advocacy campaigns, but even nutrition champions are also emerging within them.
For instance, the Bauchi State speaker of the house of assembly Right Honorable Abubakar Y. Sulaiman has been recognized as one of such champions. He was duly acknowledged by ISMPH as such and was bestowed with the award of Nigerian Nutrition Ambassador for his commitment in the crusade against SAM.
This, he clearly demonstrated recently at state nutrition committee meeting, when he mentioned that the state legislature under his leadership will explore all avenues to see that CMAM sites are increased to 40 from the current 21, which he described as inadequate. He also commended CSOs and the media at both the state and national level for championing the course of the vulnerable children afflicted with SAM.
"Your sustained advocacy and engagements with stakeholders have opened the eyes of so many of us on the plight of those vulnerable children that are the future of the country. You people single-handedly took me and some members to one of the CMAM sites and there, we came face to face with children suffering from SAM, it was a heart-wrenching experience.
"In line with our oversight functions, we are going to do everything possible to see improvement in the prevention and management of SAM scourge in Bauchi State", said the speaker.
To buttress the importance of synergy among stakeholders in halting the menace of SAM in Nigeria, the Aisha Buhari Foundation in collaboration with its consortium partners, recently convened a summit to chart a way forward in tackling the scourge of SAM in Nigeria.
In her address during the summit, the First Lady was quoted as saying:
"We understand that the government alone cannot handle this situation, which is why the Aisha Buhari Foundation (in collaboration with Network for Health Equity and Development (NHED), CISLAC, and International Society for Media in Public Health (ISMPH) as part of the consortium for treatment and prevention of Severe Acute Malnutrition, has continually reached out to government, private sector and other stakeholders to invest in nutrition.
It is however important that we can only make the effort count by creating structured, progressive, accountable and sustainable mechanisms to optimize resources available for improving nutrition, especially for the helpless child. This, I believe will improve our budgetary allocation and private sector investments in nutrition".
In Bauchi State, the collaboration between the CSOs and the Media has been productive, where the state government has been kept on its toes with regards to procurement of Ready to Use Therapeutic Food, used in the treatment of SAM.
Mrs Monica Tanko of Rahama Women Development (a Bauchi based NGO) said that working with the media has consolidated the efforts of CSOs through amplifying nutrition advocacy for wider reach.
"Our advocacy and awareness campaigns are tilted towards ensuring adequate budgetary provision, timely releases and monitoring distribution of RUTF to intended targets, the Media are always there to report any anomalies observed with a view to correcting them. Their reports tend to get to a wider reach in bringing the attention of government and other stakeholders to the challenges and gaps noticed in the prevention and management of SAM in Bauchi State.
"I personally listened to a live transmission of media engagement with the state governor, where one of our media team members brought the attention of the Governor to an impending stock out of RUTF in the state. There and then the Governor gave instructions to release monies to UNICEF, as a contribution for the procurement of RUTF", Tanko said.
Though the COVID-19 pandemic, eventual lockdown and its general effect on the global economy have adversely affected the quest to promote better nutrition and have overstretched health care financing, it is heartwarming to note that due to the sustained advocacy and awareness campaigns being carried out by the Media team and CSOs on the state of affairs in respect to Nutrition in Bauchi State, not only did the state not tamper with Nutrition budget in it's revised 2020 COVID-19 responsive budget, but there was actually an increase in the amount appropriated for nutrition.
Sharing her experience on the partnership between the CSOs and the media, a broadcaster on the health desk at the Bauchi State Television, Ms Elizabeth Karh, said the collaboration is yielding a positive result in the campaign against SAM.
"The collaboration has greatly reduced duplication of efforts because such campaigns are being carried collectively through synergy between the media and the CSOs.
"It also makes the government and other key stakeholders pay attention and take action after such campaigns. A case in point was the recent stock out of RUTF which was reported by the team and also the outcry of both the media and the CSOs on the exclusion of Nutrition budget in the state. The massive advocacy carried out that time made the state government reverse the action by including it back into 2020 budget", Karh said.
The ace broadcaster also disclosed that aside carrying out routine monitoring of CMAM sites to ascertain the level of distribution of RUTF, the coalition is now also focusing on advocating for innovative financing of nutrition activities and creating more awareness on the need for caregivers to start looking at a local alternative source of nutritional food for their children, to complement government's efforts in the supply of RUTF that is epileptic.
Another positive impact that came out of the synergy was the emergence of a passionate group of Journalists whose area of focus is now tilted towards SAM issues and other public health concerns. These group of journalists have become so proficient in reporting public health issues at the grassroots that other projects in the state are now courting them to be their media partners in projecting their interventions.
It can rightly be said that the scouting of these group of media practitioners by ISMPH and building their capacity in reporting issues around malnutrition, with particular emphasis on acute malnutrition has brought about an engaging reportage that has added value to changing the narratives in the prevention and management of severe acute malnutrition in Bauchi State.
Bashir Hassan Abubakar can be reached via email: bashirhassan3788@gmail.com
Bauchi state
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The following people appeared before Licking County Common Pleas Court Magistrate Mattie Klein for bond hearings. The cases may be reviewed by a grand jury for possible indictment or additional charges.
Dennis C. Rauch, 50, last known address 41 S. Arch St., Newark, was charged with domestic violence, a fourth-degree felony.
On June 16, Rauch was suspected of assaulting a family member, according to a statement of facts.
Klein set bond at $5,000.
Dawn R. Davis, 25, last known address 1693 Park Row Drive, Columbus, was charged with carrying concealed weapons, a fourth-degree felony.
Between June 16 and 17, Davis was suspected of carrying a concealed weapon, according to a statement of facts.
Klein set bond at $10,000.
Anton D. Garner, 42, last known address 212 Autumn Way, Pataskala, was charged with grand theft, a fourth-degree felony.
Between April 29 and May 22, Garner was suspected of stealing property and cash in excess of $11,000, according to a statement of facts.
Ralph E. Pettigrew Jr., 27, last known address 115 Mill St. Apt. F, Newark, was charged with aggravated trafficking in drugs, a third-degree felony.
On March 18, Pettigrew was suspected of selling methamphetamine, according to a statement of facts.
James J. Kougher, 31, last known address 140 E. Main St., Crooksville, was charged with grand theft, a fourth-degree felony.
On June 13, 2015, Kougher was suspected of stealing a vehicle, according to a statement of facts.
Serina G. Howington, 33, last known address 104 1/2 E. Main St., Newark, was charged with burglary, a second-degree felony.
On June 20, Howington was suspected of stealing property from a residence, according to a statement of facts.
Howard D. May Jr., 40, last known address 39 Gainor Ave., Newark, was charged with domestic violence, a fourth-degree felony.
On June 20, May was suspected of assaulting a family member, according to a statement of facts.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Q: What is the difference between the sensitivity analysis and feature importance Pardon my question, but google does not find any resource on this topic.
My question is related to more if they are the same field, can they be used interchangeably or not.
As I understand in the sensitivity analysis, the variables are perturbed and their effect on the output is observed. In feature importance we want to find the same answer, but different methods are used more concerned with actual models used for predictions.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


I'll take a look through my stuff. I think I have what you are after.
Mechanical rockers can use the same hydraulic rocker shafts.
Hydraulic rockers can not use mechanical only shafts which were only issued '83 and early '84 StarQuests or previous years 2.6L non-StarQuest.
Thanks for chiming in Tim. Doing a bit of reading lead me to believe that running hydraulic rocker shafts would effect oil pressure. Have you not seen that as true? Also since your already here can you just verify for me that its ok to run mechanical rockers on a hydraulic cam? I've seen you say so in a past thread but it doesn't hurt to verify for peace of mind. Thanks for all your knowledge!
I have a set that I used and worked fine but went back to hydraulic when I decided I wanted to keep my car mostly stock.. What do you think is reasonable?


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JU-ON: The Grudge : Haunted House Simulator Review
May 18, 2011 | Filed under: Gaming,Reviews,Wii Games | Posted by: Kristofer Brozio
For review today I have JU-ON: The Grudge : Haunted House Simulator. This game is loosely based on the movies of the same name, and their original Japanese counterpart. I like horror and the Grudge was a decent scary movie so I was a bit excited about a game based on it. The basic idea is that you play one of the characters in the game, it's sort of a first person shooter, but there's not shooting involved, you've got a flashlight and that's it. The game takes place in different locations with you trying to escape with your life basically in each one. it does have some actual scary moments where you'll jump, but the controls are horrid to the point that the game is no long any fun.
Game Info:
Title: JU-ON: The Grudge : Haunted House Simulator
Author: Kristofer Brozio
Publisher: XSEED Games
It is said that when a person dies with a deep and burning grudge, a curse is born. When an average housewife in Nerima, Japan, was murdered in a grisly fashion, it gave rise to a curse so powerful that it threatens to kill at a pace thought unimaginable before.
The curse manifests on those who encounter the curse by any means, such as entering the house or being in contact with somebody who was already cursed. Once Erika Yamada is exposed to the curse while searching for her dog in an abandoned warehouse, the entire Yamada family is put in grave danger as soon as she reunites with them at home. They must now face their individual challenges alone, and only by overcoming the curse together will their family truly be free again.
Using the Wii Remote as a flashlight, JU-ON: The Grudge has players move forward with the touch of a button and explore haunted areas such as an abandoned warehouse, a dimly-lit hospital, and a mannequin factory. Much like a haunted house, the player must proceed forward even after being frightened and running away from the initial threat. As much fun as it is to get scared, sometimes it's even more fun to watch others play to observe their reactions. For instant gratification, grab a second Wii Remote and push buttons to make in-game events happen immediately to make the player jump and hate you forever.
(This review was originally posted on my other site, Wii Digest)
First Impressions, Look and Feel:
The entire screen is the view of the game with the exception of little battery icons in the bottom left corner. The only thing you've got in the game is a flashlight and you're limited to batteries so you'll have to find more as you explore the game. The screenshots in this review are from the Abandoned Hospital level.
You wake up in the hospital to find everyone else is gone. From there you'll have to explore and try not to get killed basically. It's a simple premise that is the basis of all of the levels, exploring with your flashlight and fining batteries is about all there is to it.
The girl and the little boy from the movies both make appearances in the game, but the girl is the one that seems the most dangerous.
The are several jump or scary moments in the game and it's better to play the game in the dark. I played it on my 47" HDTV in 480P mode, such a large screen like this does make the game more enjoyable. Playing it on a small screen would just not be enjoyable at all I think.
Here's the opening cinematic:
The graphics aren't that bad, but they aren't great either. Yes it's the Wii so it's not Xbox caliber graphics, but I've seen some very nice graphics done on the Wii and these could have been much better. You're supposed to be exploring this world or area in the game but everything is flat and pixellated making it look very unrealistic. The graphics detract from the game feeling overall really.
Since it's a horror game everything is dark, very dark really. That's part of the charm though of a haunted house, being in the dark just seems to make things more scary.
Ju-On The Grudge could have been a great game, it's got a good premise and idea behind it but the game falls apart truly at this point, the controls are just horrible. The delay between moving the remote and when it actually happens on the screen is a few seconds. It's amazing that a game could be sold to the public with controls that are this bad truly.
The Wii remote does come into use in more than just movement. There are times when you'll have to do certain movements to get something done like moving in a direction, or trying to keep it in a circle. I don't quite get the idea of keeping the X in the circle to avoid being seen though..
The MotionPlus attachment has been out for a while and this game could have been much improved if they had utilized it in this game.
Your character moves so slow in the game it's pitiful actually, a turtle could easily run right by you. The slow speed of the game though is how they get it to last for so long. The slow speed is agonizing really especially when you've got to double back and get a key for a locked door you're just come across, or you find the key and then have to go back to where the door is.
Turning is the game is just as bad, you'll turn left and end up looking at the ceiling or you'll do a complete 360 turn and by right back where you started. It's just horrible truthfully
Videos/Screenshots:
Here's a few screen shots and then a couple videos to finish this up:
Ju-On The Grudge could have been a great game really. It's got a good idea behind it but the execution is what's really scary about this game.
The controls are just amazingly horrible, the very first games on the Wii had funky controls, but even they weren't this bad. You'd think after all this time companies could have figured out how to program for the Wii controls.
It does have some scary moments yes, but they aren't worth the trouble of actually playing the game.
I'd like to see this game re-done, it has the potential to be a great game.
I'm sure the owners of the Ju-On franchise are not very happy that they lent their name to this piece of junk game…
+ Great idea for a game
+ Actual scary moments – Sub-par graphics
– Very slow movement
– Inaccurate and inconsistent turn movements
– Horrible controls overall
Scores:: 5 out of 10
Design/Story:
Disclosure: This product was given to Review the Tech for review by the company for review purposes only, and is not considered by us as payment for the review, we do not, and never will, accept payment from companies to review their products. This product may have also been bought by us for review purposes and does not influence the review.
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In social science, force-field analysis provides a framework for looking at the factors ("forces") that influence a situation, originally social situations. It looks at forces that are either driving the movement toward a goal (helping forces) or blocking movement toward a goal (hindering forces). The principle, developed by Kurt Lewin, is a significant contribution to the fields of social science, psychology, social psychology, community psychology, communication, organizational development, process management, and change management.

History
Lewin, a social psychologist, believed the "field" to be a Gestalt psychological environment existing in an individual's (or in the collective group) mind at a certain point in time that can be mathematically described in a topological constellation of constructs. The "field" is very dynamic, changing with time and experience. When fully constructed, an individual's "field" (Lewin used the term "life space") describes that person's motives, values, needs, moods, goals, anxieties, and ideals.

Lewin believed that changes of an individual's "life space" depend upon that individual's internalization of external stimuli (from the physical and social world) into the "life space". Although Lewin did not use the word "experiential" (see experiential learning), he nonetheless believed that interaction (experience) of the "life space" with "external stimuli" (at what he calls the "boundary zone") was important for development (or regression). For Lewin, the development (or regression) of an individual occurs when their "life space" has a "boundary zone" experience with external stimuli. Note it is not merely the experience that causes a change in the "life space", but the acceptance (internalization) of external stimuli.

Lewin took these same principles and applied them to the analysis of group conflict, learning, adolescence, hatred, morale, German society, etc. This approach allowed him to break down common misconceptions of these social phenomena and to determine their basic elemental constructs. He used theory, mathematics, and common sense to define a force field and hence to determine the causes of human and group behaviour.

See also
 Decisional balance sheet
 Field theory (psychology)
 Formula for change
 Immunity to change

References
 Cartwright, Dorwin (1951). "Foreword to the 1951 Edition" of Field Theory in Social Science by Kurt Lewin. Republished in: Resolving Social Conflicts & Field Theory in Social Science. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association, 1997. Originally published by Harper & Row.
 Lewin, Kurt (May 1943). "Defining the 'Field at a Given Time'". Psychological Review. 50(3): 292–310. Republished in Resolving Social Conflicts & Field Theory in Social Science. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association, 1997.

Further reading

External links

Change management
Evaluation methods
Pedagogy
Analysis
Social sciences

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Ukrainian Synagogue Folds Open Like A Pop-Up Book
This is a video of the Babyn Yar Synagogue opening up like a pop-up book. The synagogue, located in a wooded ravine in the west of Kyiv in Ukraine, was designed and constructed by Swiss-based Manuel Herz Architects (link to their website with a lot more detail) to commemorate the
Steeplejack Takes Selfie Video From Top Spire Of NYC's Chrysler Building
This is a selfie video captured by steeplejack (a tradesman who scales buildings to inspect/repair them, originally named for climbing church steeples) James Marksbury while hanging onto the top spire of the Chrysler Building in New York City at approximately 1,000-feet. For reference, I'm just over 6'1″, so he's at
Mansion Inspired By Darth Vader's Helmet For Sale In Houston
This is the Sotheby's listing for the colloquially known 'Darth Vader House' for sale in Houston, Texas. The house was built in 1992 for Dr. Jean Cukier, who, when deciding to have a custom home built "grabbed a piece of paper and drew it himself. Cukier loved Star Wars so
Video From London's Now Open All-Glass Sky Pool
Previously seen in 3D rendered form, London's Sky Pool is now open, and here are a couple videos (including one from inside the pool looking down) of all the terrifying fun to be had. As mentioned previously, the 115-foot high pool is only open to people who own units in
Clear Pool Connecting Two Apartment Buildings 115-Feet High Opening In London
Opening May 19th, the 'Sky Pool' in London's Nine Elms neighborhood connects the tenth story rooftops of the Embassy Gardens Legacy buildings with a heated 85-foot pool, 46-feet of which is clear acrylic and 'floating' 115-feet above the street below. The clear portion of the almost 10-feet deep pool has
9,036-Piece Roman Colosseum Is LEGO's Largest Set Yet
Dropping November 27th for $550, this 9,036-piece recreation of the Roman Colosseum is officially LEGO's largest set to date. For reference, the two previous largest sets were the 7,541-piece Ultimate Collector Series Star Wars Millennium Falcon released in 2017 for $800, and 5,923-piece Taj Mahal released in 2007 for $300.
Japan Installs See-Through Restrooms In Park To 'Reassure Anyone Entering The Toilet'
These are a few shots of the see-through restrooms designed by Shegiru Ban's architecture firm and installed in a Tokyo park as part of the Tokyo Toilet Project, which is 'enlisting world-famous architects to create toilets "like you've never seen."' A bold mission, because I've seen all kind of toilets


This version of o-comment-ui hasn't been branded yet. Please check the latest version, 4.3.0, as branding is a relatively new addition to our components.
If using the Build Service, add o-comment-ui@^4.2.5 to your script and link tags.
If running a Manual Build, run bower install --save "o-comment-ui@^4.2.5".


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NBM rates 19.07.2019
Average life length in the Republic of Moldova in the years 2014-2018
National Bureau of Statistics presents statistical information on the average life length in the Republic of Moldova in the years 2014-2018, measured by life expectancy at birth.
Population with usual residence in Republic of Moldova, by sex and age groups, at the beginning of 2019
National Bureau of Statistics presents statistical information regarding number of population with usual residence, which contains those persons that have lived continuously for most of the last 12 months in Republic of Moldova, not including temporary absences. Population estimate start with the corrected estimates of population wit usual residence from the Population and Housing Census 2014 to which there are added the births, subtracted the deaths, and added the migratory balance.
Freight and passenger transportation in the Republic of Moldova in January-May 2019
The National Bureau of Statistics informs that 43,2 million passengers were transported with public transport in January-May 2019, with 3,4% more than in the similar period of 2018. The passenger's journey constituted 2172,7 million passenger-kilometers, with 5,6% more than January-May 2018.
External trade activity of the Republic of Moldova in January-May 2019
Activity of small and medium enterprises in the Republic of Moldova in 2018
The statistical publication "Education in the Republic of Moldova" edition 2019 has been posted on the website in electronic format
The publication contains main statistical indicators that characterize the educational system of the country for the period 2010-2018. Data are represented by educational levels: early education, primary and general secondary education, vocational education, higher education, doctorate, regional statistics, statistical data according to ISCED 2011.
"Quarterly statistical bulletin, January-March 2019" posted on the website
The bulletin contains data in dynamics in the form of tables statistical indicators for years, quarters, months, which characterize the social, economic and demographic situation of the country. Information on main social and economic situation of CIS countries is presented. For the main indicators there are presented methodological notes.
Statistical publication "Agricultural activity of small agricultural producers in the Republic of Moldova in 2018" posted on the website
The publication presents time series, based on processed survey data on the agricultural activity of small agricultural producers, organised by sample methods. Also, the publication comprises the description of basic methodologic principles of survey organisation.
Postponement of the dissemination terms of the press releases "Labor, Employment and Unemployment" and "Income and Expenditure of the Population"
The National Bureau of Statistics informs that the press releases "Labor Force, Employment and Unemployment in the First Quarter 2019" and "Income and Expenditure of the Population in the First Quarter 2019" to be disseminated on 21 and 26 June 2019 respectively, will be disseminated to the general public after the official launch in July this year of the number of people with habitual residence1 recalculated on the basis of the results of the Population and Housing Census of 2014.
The statistical pocket-book "Moldova in figures, edition 2019", posted on the website
The pocket-book contains statistical information and analysis regarding demographic, social and economic situation of the country for 2015-2018.
The quarterly publication "Social-economic situation of the municipality Chisinau in January-March 2019" posted on the website
National Bureau of Statistics is a provider of experience for the Turkmenistan State Statistical Committee
Key indicators, %
Population with usual residence 2681,7 thou.
CPI 99,8%
GDP 104,4%
Industrial production 104,1%
Agricultural production 98,0%
More indicators
Press releases / Statistical databank / Statistics by themes / Products and services / Censuses / Metadata / IMF's SDDS / Sustainable Development Goals / About NBS / International cooperation / News and events / Useful links
106 Grenoble Str., MD-2019 Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
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Lets Rehabilitate Sin
Chapter 11 from What Happened to Sin, by Seán Fagan. S.M.
The Columba Press, 2008.
It would be a total misreading of this book to conclude that recent developments in Scripture studies or theology have done away with the notion of sin or in any way minimised its importance. Nor can it be said that they have so altered its description as to empty it of meaning. On the contrary, running through all of the preceding chapters is an implicit plea for a rehabilitation of the word 'sin'. It has fallen on hard times, and it needs to be rescued. In the world at large it is an empty word, generally avoided, or used in the most superficial sense. In the Churches it has become so trivialised that it touches only the surface of people's minds, no longer finds an echo in their hearts, and fails to help people change their lives. There is no need to find a substitute word to sound more modern, because it is one of the basic words of our religious tradition, a word as fundamental as 'grace' or 'God'. In order to rehabilitate it, we need to rescue it from the oversimplifications that keep people from taking it as seriously as it deserves.
Neither symptom nor crime
To emphasise sin is to re-affirm moral responsibility, to do people the honour of respecting their personhood. Society's superficial reaction is to reduce sin to symptom or crime, so that all that is needed is to treat the neurotics and punish the criminals, leaving the rest of us with an easy conscience. But this is very much an over-simplification. In the chapters on guilt and punishment we drew attention to the need to recognise real guilt in whatever degree it is found, and to help people accept the consequences of their actions, which is the element of punishment. God does not inflict punishment, and we might do well to follow his example by seeing to it that penalties, either in civil society or in Church community, are therapeutic, working for the offender's improvement, or in extreme cases affecting the common good, simply a deterrent. But vindictive punishment is simply collective revenge, and should have no place in Christian thinking.
To have dealt with the neurotics and criminals is not to have finished with sin. The big sin is to refuse to accept that we are our brother's keeper, that in fact we are responsible for our brothers and sisters, to close our eyes to the fact that we are part of the system which encourages people to behave neurotically or criminally. So many of these people are more sinned against than sinning. To draw attention to their unsocial or antisocial behaviour is to distract from our own responsibility, to forget that many of our own attitudes and actions are far more harmful to society.
Recognise sins
We are continually sinning, but we prefer not to think about it, and the fact that so many people are in the same boat makes the evasion all the easier. The fact that dishonesty, tax evasion, pilfering, malingering are so common, means that the honest person is made to look and sometimes feel eccentric. For the health of society we need a new awareness of the seven capital or deadly sins, plus a few more: pride, greed, covetousness, lust, envy, gluttony, anger, sloth, waste, cheating, stealing, lying, cruelty, alcohol and drug abuse, drunk and dangerous driving. These are not simply diseases for which we are not responsible, pathological conditions we can do nothing about. There is no need to catalogue the harmful results to society of any or all of these, nor to describe the basic unhappiness and lack of wholeness they bring to the sinners and their families and friends. But it would be a good thing to remind ourselves that they are bad, that we need to be converted from them and try to avoid them.
Society at large needs such a reminder, and the Churches too need to have their conscience stirred. It is the function of preachers to keep the Christian community aware of the sins in our midst, to call us to repentance and atonement. But the purpose of this book was not to moralise about particular sins, nor indeed to enter into discussion as to whether different forms of contraception or sexual behaviour are sinful or not. Rather it was to stir the conscience of Christians to reflect on the seriousness of sin, to re-think some of the assumptions and uncritical views that tend to trivialise it.
Trivialising notions
Thus, we saw how narrow and crippling is the influence of an over-simplified notion of moral law; a preoccupation with precise measurement; a disproportionate concern with sexuality, particularly physical actions, without reference to their full human meaning; judgement of isolated bits of behaviour divorced from the overall pattern of moral living; an inflated and morbid super-ego taking the place of conscience; neurotic guilt feelings smothering the experience of real moral guilt; the punishment of sin seen in terms of an angry, vengeful God; the sacrament of reconciliation used mainly as a guilt-shedding process with little experience of real conversion; the notion of God's forgiveness as something to be worked for and earned rather than accepted and celebrated as healing gift; morality presented simply as rules to be obeyed; unthinking conformity praised as obedience; the teaching authority of the Church used simply as power to command; the over-protective caution of those in authority, bishops, priests, teachers, parents; the failure to raise the level of people's reasoning about moral issues; the reluctance to promote autonomous moral decision; the lust for clarity and certainty beyond what is possible or appropriate.
To this list could be added more general factors like concentration on private morality to the exclusion of any awareness of responsibility for community sinfulness like prejudice or discrimination; a gigantic blind spot with regard to sins of omission, and particularly the sin of simply not caring, not being concerned, and of not being concerned at our lack of concern; an artificial separation between Church and world, spirit and matter, soul and body, worship and service, love of God and love of neighbour, future life and life here on earth; a water-tight division between teaching Church and learning Church; a failure to realise that the Church is not only an institution with its structures and laws, but also a fellowship of brothers and sisters in the Lord, a sacrament of Christ, a herald of the kingdom of God, a servant of the world God so loved; the refusal to read the 'signs of the times' in the light of the gospel as an ongoing revelation of God's will; a failure to recognise the presence of the Holy Spirit in other Christian communities and indeed in world religions, and to admit that we might learn something from them; a complacency that prevents us from realising the wealth of new insights in the documents of Vatican II and from admitting how radical a change in thinking they call for.
Call to change
This is not meant to be a list of sins, though it could provide material for a fruitful examination of conscience. Failures in these areas may not only be sinful, but they can narrow our concept of sin and indeed our understanding of Christian morality. To speak like this may be upsetting to some Catholics who claim that they do not wish to be disturbed in their faith. This reaction merely underlines once again the need for adult education in the Church, how necessary it is to explain that our faith is in Jesus Christ, but that our understanding of it will be coloured by the culture in which we live. To want a 'simple faith' in a world that is no longer simple is a failure to hear God's call in the complexities of daily living, an escape into a fantasy world in which even God can be fashioned in our own image and likeness.
The irony is that those who complain about 'innovations', à la carte Catholicism and a 'new theology' undermining their simple certainties and relativising their false absolutes appeal to the 'teaching of the Church' and fail to realise that it is the Church itself which is calling them to change, through the authority of an ecumenical council. The documents of the Second Vatican Council are the 'official teaching of the Church', more 'official' than any catechism produced before or after the Council. That they represent, in many cases, a combination of different theologies and leave some questions without satisfactory solutions should warn us against false clarity and misleading simplicity. The effort to lessen their importance by quoting earlier 'teachings' or previous papal teaching against them is the worst of bad theology.
Without going into detail on the more intricate moral problems, they have much to tell us that is relevant to morality in today's world. Their insights and approach throw new light on many of the topics discussed in the previous chapters. First of all, it is significant that the Council totally rejected the special document on The Moral Order drawn up by the Vatican preparatory commission, a document which reflected literally the legalistic and casuistic approach of the old textbooks. Instead of a separate document, the Council spread its teaching on morality over many documents as the need arose. This is not the place for an extensive treatment of Vatican II moral teaching, but we need to recall its new perspective and the radical departure from a tradition that was at least a few centuries old. It looked to the Bible, dogma. and the life of the Church as sources for renewing moral theology. Ignoring the old 'blueprint' notion of natural law, it gives a clearer picture of it as God's plan; it presents Christian life as a gift from God, a fruit of the Spirit (The Church, n. 7). It stresses the dignity and freedom of the children of God, in whose hearts the Holy Spirit dwells as in a temple, and whose 'law' is the new commandment 'to love as Christ loved us' (ibid. n. 9). It uses the word 'law' more in Paul's sense of a framework or principle of faith rather than as a precise and detailed code (e.g. Church in the Modern World, nn. 22, 24, 28, 32, 38, 41, 42, 43, 48, 50, 51, 78, 89).
God's call in today's world
The relativisation of external law is an immediate consequence of the Council's teaching on conscience, discussed in chapter 6 above. It emphasises that conscience is not omniscient or infallible, and we are reminded of the fact that it can be blunted by sin. But there is a firm insistence throughout on individual responsibility, and on the freedom of our response to God. Faith is conversion from sin and a turning to God, not once but continually as we grow in personal relationship with Father, Son and Holy Spirit. But nowhere does the Council suggest that the gospel, Church teaching or even the presence of the Spirit give us solutions in advance. Though the people of God believe that they are led by the Spirit of the Lord, and get inspiration from their faith, they still have to 'discern in the events, the needs, and the longings they share with other people of our time, what may be genuine signs of the presence or of the purpose of God' (ibid, n. 11). God's call is to be heard in the here and now, in the bits and pieces of everyday life, and to be sought afresh as each new problem arises.
The world and earthly values are no longer looked upon as temptations and distractions from spiritual life, but are recognised as part of the basic goodness of creation. The moral challenge to us is not simply to keep the law in order to get to heaven, but to develop our full potential, to grow into the likeness of Jesus, who is not only God made visible, but the human person made perfect. As Jesus did not drop out of the sky as an alien from another world, but was a man of his time who had to grow in age, wisdom and strength, so too the Christian is rooted in this earth, belongs to the human family and is part of its culture.
With this kind of vision, the Council resolutely rules out any kind of individualistic or otherworldly morality and piety. The document onThe Church in the Modern World, whose opening sentence speaks of joy and hope (Gaudium et Spes), emphasises human solidarity, cemented by love extending even to enemies (ibid, n. 28), and lists the principles or basic truths that should guide moral decisions: inter-dependence, co-responsibility and participation, respect for human rights and social justice (ibid, nn. 25, 31, 24, 29). It lays particular stress on the rightful autonomy of earthly affairs (ibid. n. 36).
Values before rules
The second half of this Council document is a treatise on values that ought to be a source-book for Christian thinking on morality, dealing as it does with family, cultural, economic, social and political values, and questions of international life, war and peace. This is a very far cry from the rule-morality and listing of sins with their varying degrees of sinfulness so characteristic of the old manuals, but it is now the 'official teaching of the Church'. In practice, therefore, the Church would not merely be faithful to its own teaching manifested in the principles of Vatican II, but also it would be more effective as a teacher of morality if it were simply to drop all attempts to draw a sharp line between mortal and venial sin, both objectively and subjectively. Concern about such a division has been a mental strait-jacket of scrupulosity and fear for millions of Catholics, preventing their growth towards moral maturity.
Likewise, the Church in future will have much fewer and far less detailed moral rules than in the past, and will focus more on fundamental principles of moral reasoning, a deeper insight into human and Christian values, and a heightened sense of personal responsibility among the faithful. After all, a central insight of Vatican II is that the Church is first and foremost the People of God. This could be upsetting for those pastors who fear that they may lose 'control' of their flock and experience a diminution of 'power' in their ministry, but it will be a big step forward for the Church when such leaders can stop worrying about 'putting people straight' or 'making them good', and instead concentrate on their primary function, which is to preach the Good News of Jesus.
'Christian' morality?
With so much talk of the 'autonomy of earthly affairs' and the recognition of 'human values', it could be asked 'what is Christian morality?' or 'is there such a thing?' This question has occupied moralists for some years past, and there is growing consensus on the view that, in terms of content or specific commands, there is no Christian morality distinct from basic human morality. The Ten Commandments of the Old Testament and the virtues preached in the New Testament are all simply moral demands of human nature, applicable to all human beings. The insights of the Council make clear that Christians and humanists have the same grounds for knowing the difference between right and wrong, and should therefore collaborate in seeking solutions to the world's problems. It was for this reason that Pope Paul could address his encyclical letter on fostering the development of peoples, Populorum Progressio (1967), which is certainly a document about morality, not only to Catholics, but to all people of good will.
Once again, this could be upsetting to those accustomed to thinking of the Church as 'possessing the truth,' almost 'owning the truth' to be handed out to others, but again they need to be reminded that the Vatican II documents are now the official teaching of the Church itself. However, there is something different and special about Christian morality. Just as the religious faith of the people of God in Old and New Testaments saw the obligations of human morality in a new context, in the context of the covenant-relationship with God and as a consequence of the new life in Christ, our faith today enables us to view the demands of being fully human as a response to the call of God in the person of Jesus, in the light of his teaching and his example.
Faith makes a difference
Our faith provides us with a new stimulus and motivation to act morally, puts before us the attractive, impressive and challenging model of Jesus in his humanity, and through his Holy Spirit gives us the power to cope with our sinfulness and respond to his call. Furthermore, the teaching and example of Jesus may make us more sensitive to ideals above the normal, like turning the other cheek, going the extra mile, forgoing our rights, loving our enemies, and remind us of a theology of suffering, of failure and the cross. Likewise, our belonging to a Christian community, a community of faith, service and worship, can make demands on us like participation in the Eucharist and celebration of sacraments that are not operative for non-believers. Also, our belief in a personal relationship with God leaves us open to the possibility of experiencing a personal invitation from him not merely to continual conversion and greater intimacy, but also to a special way of service in the community, for example in the priesthood or religious life. Finally, belief in a God of infinite love, caring for us personally, can bring healing, growth and wholeness that will colour our attitude towards our neighbours and the world about us. Faith also makes a difference in the understanding of sin. It considers sin not simply as selfishness, letting oneself down, disappointing or hurting others or breaking a law. Sin is all of these, but for the believer it is much more. It is the refusal to behave like a child of God, a failure to reflect the mind and heart of Jesus our model.
The human person fully alive
These are all important differences, but they should not allow us to forget that underlying them all is the basic moral demand to become actually what we are potentially, to become fully human. If we are called to follow Jesus, who is not only God in human form but also the perfection of humanity, the more Christ-like we become, the more fully human we become. There are individuals for whom the external expression of their growth in Christ will be blocked by obstacles beyond their control, so we must beware of a too-easy identification of holiness and psychological wholeness. There are forms and degrees of holiness known only to God. But the normal pattern is that our growth in Christ is a development of our humanity. St. Irenaeus describes this ideal in his beautiful claim that 'the glory of God is the human person fully alive.'
But nobody grows alone. Our roots are in the earth, whose stewardship God put into our hands, and our life, health and growth are determined by our relationship with those around us. We are what our relationships enable us to be. To respond to God's call to grow, to be fully human, therefore, is to be in a correct relationship with these realities. In fact, we have no way of knowing whether we love God, whether our prayers are more than words, apart from the test of service, of love of our fellow human beings, as Jesus himself tells us: 'unless you did it to one of these my least brethren'. Certainly, we need to pray and worship. Like Jesus himself, we need to be alone with our heavenly Father from time to time and we also need to praise and thank him together as a community. But, without the touchstone of service, we cannot be sure that this is not mere escapism, that our contemplation is not simply talking to ourselves about ourselves. There can be no love of God except through the neighbour. When Jesus calls us to serve God rather than the mammon of wealth, power or reputation, he is really telling us to live for others. But since we are to love them as we love ourselves, a certain healthy self-love and self-esteem is essential to being human and being Christian. This strand of our Christian vocation needs to be more openly acknowledged and developed against an exaggerated and one-sided preaching on humility and self-abasement which did so much damage in the past.
It would be easy to get carried away by the optimism of the positive picture of our dignity and call as presented in the Vatican II documents. But a too optimistic picture is bound to be shallow. The full picture must include the dark side of our nature, equally emphasised by the Council, namely the evil in our depths that can turn self into God, the pride, avarice, lust and aggression that are the effects of serving that false god. Our exaggerated self-love is a dis-orientation at the very centre of our being. It is what we call 'sin', and it expresses itself in all kinds of broken, distorted and destructive relationships with those around us and with the material world in which we live.
The purpose of this book was to focus attention on the seriousness of sin, to rescue the notion from the many elements in our tradition that tend to trivialise it, and to remove the misunderstandings that tempt people to dismiss it as a reality. We need to see it not simply as misdemeanour, law-breaking, or surface action for which we can easily make amends, but as a mysterious, ever-present reality in the Church as a whole and in individual members. It is a reality to be concerned about, but not to be unduly afraid of. 'Where sin increased, God's grace increased much more' (Rom 5:20). In Christ Jesus we have the forgiveness of all sin, but unless we are convinced of our sinfulness in all its depth and complexity, how can we realise how much we need him, or fully rejoice in the pardon, healing and new life he brings us?
It is no accident that the chapters on law and sex are much longer than any of the others. It simply shows how much these areas of Christian morality were crying out for critical examination and renewal. The legalistic and abstract approach could not be sweetened by piety, since references to God's love were often so spiritualised in the past that they made little connection with the reality of people's daily lives. There was no theology of sex worth speaking of. For older Catholics it was an endless source of scruples and temptation. For far too long the primary purpose of marriage was seen as procreation, with the secondary purpose as the 'relief of concupiscence'. Official Church teaching still insists that every act of intercourse must be 'open to procreation', whereas God himself has arranged that a woman is fertile for only 48 to 72 hours every month. In fact it is only with the recent encyclical of Benedict XVI, Deus Caritas Est, that eros and agape have been meaningfully linked in papal teaching. The Church's traditional attitude to sex is only one of the factors contributing to the haemorrhaging of Church attendance at the present time, but it is a very important one. Thanks to gifted and prophetic lay writers, men and women with personal experience of married life, we are developing a new and meaningful theology and morality of sexuality. They make good use of the insights of the Second Vatican Council, but they feel that the most central insight of that wonderful Council receives only notional assent by our leaders, namely the nature of the Church itself and the manner of its organisation and functioning.
Vatican II totally abandoned the description of the Church as a 'perfect society' and defined it first and foremost as 'the People of God.' Of course it is also an international institution, an organisation, with its civil service and admnistrators, but this is secondary. As People of God we are all equally members, with the same baptism and dignity, but in practice clericalism still dominates our experience of Church, and the laity, God's holy people, still feel this. They are never consulted in any meaningful way and they are disheartened that their children have so much difficulty in relating to the Church. Those children, who can be as caring, generous and loving as their parents were in their time, are not impressed or happy to hear their world described simply in terms of materialism, personalism, and relativism. From their point of view they are tempted to add 'Catholicism' as a negative experience. They look in vain for the joy and hope described by Vatican II in its presentation of the Church in the modern world. Our Church is indeed undergoing a tramatic experience. Mass attendance has dropped dramatically in developed countries, and vocations to priesthood and religious life are at an all-time low. We are accustomed to thousands in Latin America having no Eucharist for months because they have no male celibate clerics to lead it, and in Europe and North America churches are closed and parishes are 'clustered' to keep the dwindling Church ticking over. But this is a one-sided emphasis on the Church as organisation, and moving the furniture is only a small part of what may need to be done.
The Church in developed countries is forced to close churches or to cluster them in groups to be serviced by a 'flying padre', a mobile priest to visit them in turn but without a Christian community of which he himself is part. How long can a celibate priest who really belongs nowhere survive as a human being, and what kind of old age can Holy Mother Church provide for him? This kind of 'vocation' will not attract new vocations. The Vatican recently ordered bishops around the world to appoint a priest to organise special prayer meetings and adoration of the Blessed Sacrament to pray for vocations. We have been praying for decades for more priests in Latin America and now in our home countries, but we fail to see that perhaps God has already answered our prayers: that He/She is not interested in 'more of the same'. God is asking us to use our God-given reason and common sense to search for new answers. There is no need to close or sell the church building. We could ordain a working man or woman or a recently retired person to celebrate the Eucharist and bring the sacraments to the sick and dying. Everything else can be taken care of by a well organised Christian community of lay people with their various gifts. For the first hundred years after the death of Jesus Christianity was not recognised as a religion and there were no churches. The Eucharist was celebrated in private houses and the leader was somebody appointed by an apostle or a man elected by the community. More often the leader of the celebration would be the owners of the house, who could be a married couple or a rich widow. Only later was the leader prayed over by the laying on of hands, and only very slowly did our present notion of priesthood develop. Many people imagine that at the last supper, after the withdrawal of Judas, Jesus ordained the remaining eleven men as priests, giving them everything except Roman collars. But in fact there is nothing in the gospels to show that Jesus consciously founded the Church, or even achurch Nor did he ever ordain anyone a priest in the modern sense, or even think of a cultic priesthood. Inspired by the early history of our Christian communities and the division of ministries, we should be free to devise a healthy and human re-organisation that could revitalise our parishes,
The Church as all God's holy people
The Church as People of God needs more attention. They need to hear the Good News of the gospel in terms that make sense of their ordinary everyday lives, with a vision that enables them to recognise the basic goodness of God's wonderful, beautiful creation, and helps them to feel his loving presence in their human relationships.
Some people are inclined to look to the ever-increasing numbers of Catholics in the developing world as hope for the future. There is no doubting their enthusiasm and the quality of their faith, but they are affected by the same social factors that were part of our own experience in the past. It is a step up socially to opt for priesthood or religious life, with the prospect of education and foreign travel. But when these countries reach relative prosperity they will face the same problems we have to cope with today. There are no simple solutions. We may do our best to re-organise our structures and make the best use of our personnel, but the deeper renewal is a bigger and more important challenge. Current efforts at evangelisation focus on liturgy, prayer and sacraments, but these are the very practices that Catholics are abandoning.
The interesting fact is that the surveys which indicate dwindling numbers in church attendance tell us that huge numbers still believe in God and there is a great interest in spirituality. The challenge is to respond to this opportunity, to feed this hunger by helping people to find God in a meaningful way in their relationships, in their experience of sex, in the bits and pieces of everyday life. In today's world people are not going to fill the churches in their thousands if all they find is 'more of the same'. Large numbers of enthusiastic lay women and men have done courses in theology and Scripture that have opened their eyes to the deeper meaning of Church and they are only too willing to share in its renewal. In their search for new ways forward they are open to new possibilities in which God could renew his holy Church: more meaningful lay involvement, married clergy, women priests, real accountability of church leaders to their communities of parish, diocese, and world Church. If Jesus were to visit us in person today we might be consoled by his customary greeting 'Peace be with you', but probably shocked at his little bit of reality therapy 'Why are you afraid?' We should not be afraid to admit how much unhealthy, useless and even dangerous baggage we have been carrying for far too long in our theological past. We should leave it in the past and open our eyes, our hearts and our minds to the liberating and challenging insights we get from the Second Vatican Council calling us to renewal.
While the topics just mentioned are means towards effective renewal, we also need radical change in our underwstanding of Christian religion and our image of Church. Karl Rahner in 1979 drew attention to the fact that the Christian Church began as a form of Judaism and then developed over two thousand years into the Church of European culture and civilisation, but with Vatican II it realised that it was really a world-Church. Instead of hankering after the glories of the past, the challenge now is to adjust to the new reality of there being no future Christendom, but rather a Diaspora-Church, a little flock, a pusillus grex, a Church equally at home in all cultures, in every part of the world. This would take us into uncharted waters, but it might help us to become a more humble and more convincing Church, rather than a world organisation proud of its efficiency.
There is far too much fear in the Church. We need to get rid of our fear, and one way of doing this is to feel that we are trusted. We need to trust each other more. After all, God trusts us: with his Son (in spite of what we did to him), with his word in Scripture, with his sacraments, indeed with his Church (and what have we made of it?). An incredible mystery, if only we could believe it. Perhaps God is telling us that the only way to trust people is to trust them, as he trusts us.
In spite of the many unattractive elements in our Church at the present time, I have no hesitation in declaring that I am passionately in love with it, and I am very much at home in my Catholic faith. A pessimistic Catholic is a contradiction in terms. I find the goodness, truth and beauty of God in the wonderful world he has created and entrusted to our care, and I feel his love most strongly in the precious gift of friendship. As for the Church, it is my home. It brings me so much of the endless compassion of Christ; the kind strong gentleness and refined sensitivity of Mary the Mother of Jesus; the consolation from God himself to help us through the many dark nights of the soul; the strength of grace in the midst of weakness; the deep-down conviction of the mystical meaning of all reality; the deeper meaning of living and dying; the magic of enjoying the earth as the home God gives us out of love, and at the same time realising that we have here no lasting city.
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text:
/** @file valuegepostlist.h
 * @brief Return document ids matching a >= test on a specified doc value.
 */
/* Copyright 2007 Olly Betts
 * Copyright 2008 Lemur Consulting Ltd
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
 */

#ifndef XAPIAN_INCLUDED_VALUEGEPOSTLIST_H
#define XAPIAN_INCLUDED_VALUEGEPOSTLIST_H

#include "valuerangepostlist.h"

class ValueGePostList: public ValueRangePostList {
    /// Disallow copying.
    ValueGePostList(const ValueGePostList &);

    /// Disallow assignment.
    void operator=(const ValueGePostList &);

  public:
    ValueGePostList(const Xapian::Database::Internal *db_,
		    Xapian::valueno slot_,
		    const std::string &begin_)
	: ValueRangePostList(db_, slot_, begin_, std::string()) {}

    PostList * next(Xapian::weight w_min);

    PostList * skip_to(Xapian::docid, Xapian::weight w_min);

    PostList * check(Xapian::docid did, Xapian::weight w_min, bool &valid);

    string get_description() const;
};

#endif /* XAPIAN_INCLUDED_VALUEGEPOSTLIST_H */

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
M Mushfiqul Fazal
Seminar at Harvard University on Human Rights, Free Press
Special Correspondent from Boston, Nov 12 (Just News): "The US is taking a tougher stance on Bangladesh elections this time. As I have heard from concern people at the State Department, their view is they are going to try that this election is going to be fair and credible.
William B. Milam, Senior Scholar of Woodrow Wilson Center, Washington DC, also the former US Ambassador to Bangladesh, came up with this view on Bangladesh issue at a seminar at Pforzheimer House at Harvard University, US, on last Saturday.
"What is happening in Bangladesh is politics is failing. There is climate of fear in Bangladesh. Journalists and critics have been practicing self-censorship. Majority intellectuals have chosen to be silent. Government critics have either silenced or compromised with the government to avoid jail terms as that would be inevitable'; said Mr. Milam.
"I witnessed struggle for freedom and democracy in late 80s and 90s in Bangladesh and I know most of the people who are involved in it. Many of them were involved in freedom struggle from Pakistan. Surprisingly many of them have come out again and trying to take the country back to the center and towards a democratic future. They risked their lives in 70s and 90s and they are risking their lives again to establish democracy. What they really want is Bangladesh moves towards a democratic future"; the renowned diplomat observes the current political alliance movement in Bangladesh.
"Will this movement succeed? Well, this is a very tough uphill battle"; added Ambassador Milam.
Bangladesh Progressive Alliance of North America (BDPANA) and Harvard International Relations Council (IRC) jointly organized the seminar on "Implications of Targeting Media & Journalists on Human Rights and Democracy".
BDPANA President Mozammel Al Hossaini and IRC President Eliza Ennis jointly conducted the seminar where Dr Sherman Teichman, Senior Fellow, the Carr Center for Human Rights, Harvard Kennedy School, Aliya Iftikhar, Asia researcher of Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ), Adem Carroll, UN and New York Programs Director, Burma Task Force, UN & White House Correspondent M Mushfiqul Fazal, BDPANA general secretary Tanvir Newaj, Sadek Kamal, professor of Brandeis University and Azad Khan, among others, were present.
Ambassador Milam further said, "The seven point demands they (National Oikyafront) have made for making a free and fair election are rejected by the government which basically they have been. That's going to make some of the members of the alliance interested, perhaps going off by their own. And it is going to make others think about violent action."
Milam said, "What I really know best was a climate of fear that is because by then, that is well after Sheikh Hasina started eliminating her opposition, and eliminating anybody who questioned what she was doing, in the press or in the media. And it was hard to get people even speak to on this. And I think that it only getting worsens. That climate of fear extended to the NGO's, to the press, to the media where a great deal of self-censorship going on."
He added, "You had repression in sort of Bangladesh history. If you review the liberation just the right way, you are subject to repression or jailing. You can talk over the enhancement of ICT (International War Crimes Tribunal), which was to try the members, leaders of the Jamaat-e-Islami for treason during the liberation war. You know they (government) used very un-judicial methods, basically aimed at hanging all of them (Jamaat men). And if you criticized that you are also in trouble."
"What is happened really in Bangladesh, and I always suspect a lot about countries, is the politics is failing. Because it has become- very, very much more than zero sum game. What you get, I don't get. This is I think the whole world is really going to wrong directions, and a dangerous direction. Politics, it's really ability to for societies to do collectively what they can do individually. Which is provide to for the welfare and progress of the country."
Dr Sherman Teichman in his speech said, "Noted photo journalist Dr Shahidul Alam imprisoned for three months which is a shame for a civilized democratic society."
Mentioning the horrific killing of Saudi Arabian journalist Jamal Khashoggi he further said, "It is unbelievable and unbearable. He was a good friend of mine."
Dr Sherman asked the Bangladesh government to release internationally reputed journalist Shahidul Alam immediately.
Describing the atrocities committed against the Rohingya people by the military backed Myanmar government Adem Carroll said, "In the days after Kofi Anan shared his road map to coexistence, in Rakhaine state 350 villages were burned by the military. Special brigades of the Burmese Army were brought in that were well-known for atrocities and mass rape. There is alot of evidence that the terrible atrocities against children, against women and a massacre were all pre-planned."
He said, "Many countries, including Russia recently, sell arms to the Myanmar military, this must be stopped. This is something we have to demand in the international community. We shouldn't be allowing that. We have Nobel Peace Laureates calling the persecutions genocide, speaking out. More people need it speak out."
"Because of the great impact of this crisis on Bangladesh, the Bangladesh as a member of the International Criminal Court can allow a referral in its name to the ICC even know Burma is not a member of ICC. The current US government doesn't like the ICC. But ICC is the central part of human rights architecture, of multilateralism. In the UN Human Rights Council the recent Geneva resolution calls for a "Special Mechanism" to collect evidence. So we are hopeful some kind of justice is possible through the mechanism for Rohingya people."
He added, "Many ethnic groups in Myanmar have been locked in struggle with central government over generations, but Rohingya had been completely non-violent in recent decades, except to this very well-known attacks on border post, that unfortunately used as pretext over the massive military crackdown in 2016-17. So Rohingya have been marginalized over the years, as you know their citizenship had taken away in 1982 -- before that they were citizens. So that made them stateless."
"As they lost their rights one by one, they couldn't struggle legally they were locked down, no rights to education, no rights to work. Even though they were a small minority, they were described as a threat, an existential threat to the entire nation."
Adem said the Bangladesh government is done great in terms of hosting so many refugees. However, removing refugees to islands like Bashanchar is not safe. And it is not yet time to repatriate Rohingya to Myanmar, without their rights and property property returned and safety guaranteed. They do not deserve to be put in detention camps as we see with the Uighur people in China too.
Aliya Iftikhar, Asia researcher of Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ), said, "Bangladesh position has running low in the press freedom indexes. We are continuously urging for free Press in Bangladesh."
Mentioning eminent photo journalist Sahidul Alom situation she said "Sahidul Alom faced physical tortured under police custody, which is very inhuman. Having all the ground his bail is not been granted." Aliya demands Alom immediate release.
In his speech Journalist M Mushfiqul Fazal said, "All autocratic rulers firstly targeted media to prolong their illegitimate tenure. In Bangladesh you have freedom of speech but it has to be the in favor of the government-"
There are no scopes for opponents in Bangladesh, said Mushfiqul, adding, "Those who are trying to speak freely are becoming the target of oppression. Some people are making favor to legalize the illegal activities of the government for their own interests. Journalists couple Sagar-Runi was murdered for their bold journalism. The mystery of the murder is still untraced. Veteran journalist Shafique Rahman, Mahmudur Rahman, Shawkat Mahmud, Probir Shikder, Ekushey TV CEO Abdul Salam and cultural activist Nawshaba were jailed for being vocal against oppression. Barrister Mainul Hosein, publisher of daily new nation, is the latest example of it."
BDPANA general secretary & Amnesty International member, engineer Tanvir Newaj said, "Journalists are being tortured across the world. Murder of journalist Jamal Khashoggi is the most barbarous. He career journalist lost his life inside his home consulate!"
He said, "Myanmar jailed two journalists for their investigative reports. Ruling Bangladesh government illegally imprisoned globally recognised photo journalist Dr Shahidul Alam. This not a sudden incident but all autocratic regimes do it to make their power prolong."
(Justnews/ys/0150hr)
More of Special Report
Bangladesh opposition reels under crackdown as thousands arrested
Rohingya refugees suffer widespread police abuse: HRW
AL MP Golap close to Prime Minister Hasina secretly owns over $4 Million in US
Govt gets harsher on opposition, dissent: HRW report
US envoy's Shaheenbagh visit attempt to interfere in Bangladesh's internal affairs: Russia


The Victoria Mariners and Nanaimo Pirates meet up in the opening round of the 2013 BCPBL playoffs. Nanaimo came away with two game sweep of the Mariners by scores of 1-0 and 2-0. If you are interested in purchasing any of these photographs please contact me at javalon@shaw.ca with the full file name and number located below the photograph and I will send you pricing and payment instructions. These images are © copyright of Glenn Ivens. Thank you.


One of the best games ever made... We played hours with this game and for the novice programmer its a nice little game to make! So we made this little galaga essentials art pack with all you need to create your own take on this masterpiece!
Credit/attribution is not mandatory, but appreciated. To credit us : "Galaga Essentials Art Pack" by Playniax. The assets can be used for commercial project. Asset may be modified. Modified versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not be misrepresented as being the original. The assets can be used for 1 title. The asset itself cannot be shared freely or (re)sold!


text:
import { ActionTree } from 'vuex'
import { PropertiesState } from './types'
import { RootState } from '@/store/types'
import { EntityId } from '@/api/types'
import { parseEntityId } from '@/api/wikidata'
import { getPropertyClassification, getChunkId, getPropertyUsage, getUrlPatterns,
         getRelatedPropertiesChunk, RelatednessMapping, RelatednessScores} from '@/api/sqid'

export const actions: ActionTree<PropertiesState, RootState> = {
  async refreshClassification({ dispatch, commit, getters }) {
    if (!getters.mustRefreshClassification) {
      return
    }

    await dispatch('statistics/refresh', {}, { root: true })

    const response = await getPropertyClassification(getters.lastClassificationRefresh)
    commit('refreshClassification', response)
  },
  async refreshRelatedProperties({ commit, getters }, propertyIds: EntityId[]) {
    const mustRefresh = getters.mustRefreshRelatedProperties
    const chunkIds = new Set<number>()

    for (const propertyId of propertyIds) {
      const { kind } = parseEntityId(propertyId)

      if (kind === 'property') {
        chunkIds.add(getChunkId(propertyId, 10))
      }
    }

    const requests = []
    const timestamp = (mustRefresh
                       ? getters.lastRelatedPropertiesRefresh
                       : getters.cachedRelatedPropertiesRefresh)

    for (const chunkId of chunkIds) {
      requests.push(getRelatedPropertiesChunk(chunkId, timestamp))
    }

    const responses = await Promise.all(requests)

    if (mustRefresh) {
      commit('refreshRelatedProperties')
    }

    const result: RelatednessMapping = {}

    for (const response of responses) {
      for (const [entityId, related] of Object.entries(response)) {
        result[entityId] = related as RelatednessScores
      }
    }

    return result
  },
  async getUrlPattern({ dispatch, commit, getters }, entityId: EntityId) {
    if (!getters.mustRefreshUrlPatterns) {
      return getters.getUrlPattern(entityId)
    }

    await dispatch('statistics/refresh', {}, { root: true })

    const response = await getUrlPatterns(getters.lastUrlPatternsRefresh)
    commit('refreshUrlPatterns', response)

    return response.get(entityId)
  },
  async getPropertyUsage({ dispatch, commit, getters }, entityId: EntityId) {
    if (!getters.mustRefreshUsage) {
      return getters.getUsage(entityId)
    }

    await dispatch('statistics/refresh', {}, { root: true })

    const response = await getPropertyUsage(getters.lastUsageRefresh)
    commit('refreshPropertyUsage', response)

    return getters.getUsage(entityId)
  },
}


Does breakfast help or hinder weight-loss efforts? Studies have come down on both sides of the question. The latest findings suggest that college students who skip breakfast do not compensate for the lost calories later in the day. The study included 24 healthy students who on three consecutive Wednesdays did one of three things: skipped breakfast; ate a 335-calorie, carbohydrate-rich breakfast; or ate a 338-calorie, high-fiber breakfast. Researchers then measured how much the participants ate at lunch. Turns out, breakfast didn't matter: The students all consumed about the same amount during lunch, even though those who had no breakfast reported feeling hungrier at lunchtime. So the breakfast skippers consumed fewer calories overall.


Here are readers' questions about Intrust Bank Arena and answers found by our reporters.
Has there been any talk of having the Q Line pick up people at shopping centers like the Brittany Center, 21st and Woodlawn, and Westlink Shopping Center, Central and Tyler? If not, why not? Other communities do this.
The Q Line cannot run outside the downtown area because it is funded by federal money and required to run only downtown.
Additional shuttle services are available from the Wichita transit center, but they must be requested by the arena.


Taking part in the AI in Finance competition during the Hong Kong FinTech week.
We were proud to receive the 2018 HKICT FinTech Silver Award in RegTech & Risk Management for our work using facial recognition to measure the effectiveness of compliance activities.
Sharing the Emotics story while representing Hong Kong at the Seedstars Asia Summit in Bangkok.
We're thrilled to come out on top against very strong competition from other leaders in the Hong Kong startup scene.


text:
« Minneapolis: November 15 to November 16, 2017 | Main | Minneapolis: November 17 to November 18, 2017 »
John Carpenter at Myth Live, Maplewood (07 Nov 2017)
John Carpenter Setlist
Escape From New York: Main Title
Assault on Precinct 13: Main Title
Village of the Damned: March of the Children
The Fog: Main Title Theme
They Live: Coming to L.A.
Starman: Starman Leaves (Jack Nitzsche cover)
The Thing: Main Theme - Desolation (Ennio Morricone cover)
Distant Dream
Big Trouble in Little China: Pork Chop Express
Halloween Theme / Main Title
In the Mouth of Madness: In the Mouth of Madness
Vampires: Santiago
Prince of Darkness: Darkness Begins
Christine: Christine Attacks (Plymouth Fury)
11/12/17 - Toronto, ON @ Danforth Music Hall
11/13/17 - Montreal, QC @ Metropolis
11/15/17 - Boston, MA @ Royale
11/16/17 - New York, NY @ Terminal 5
11/18/17 - Philadelphia, PA @ The Trocadero
11/19/17 - Syracuse, NY @ The Palace Theatre
The film also felt eerie similar to John Carpenter's The Thing, both in story and the monster. There's a reason for this, the team (ADI) behind the monster was originally ....
DJ Jake Rudh
This is billed as a Transmission (aka DJ Jake Rudh) / BNLX release show, but music fans may want to take note that at nearly midnight, The Ocean Blue is scheduled to appear. …
Legendary horror film director, John Carpenter just brought his John Carpenter Live tour to the Myth in Maplewood, Minnesota, last Tuesday, November 7th.
DJing music videos as doors opened was Transmission's DJ Jake Rudh. He started off with some spooky, dark music videos from Siouxsie and the Banshee, Gary Numan, David Bowie (of course), before transitioning to his normal playlist during a frozen video for Nine Inch Nails' 'Closer' (the video image still showed Trent Reznor as the music of Kavinsky's 'Nightcall' - featuring the great Lovefoxxx played).
John Carpenter and his full backing band, featuring Daniel Davies (son of Kinks' Dave Davies) on lead guitar, Scott Seiver on drums, John Konesky on rhythm guitar, John Spiker on bass, and Cody Carpenter (John's son) on synth, took the stage exactly on time at 8:30pm.
Fans of the director was out in force, showing up early and standing in line in the freezing cold to be the first ones in to get a good spot for the composer. It wasn't really just in appreciation of his music, but for many of his great films.
Although Carpenter is known for horror films, such as the classic original Halloween, the 1982 The Thing (loosely based on 1951's The Thing from Another World), and the highly underrated Prince of Darkness & In the Mouth of Madness, he's actually dipped in other genres like the love story/Sci-Fi film, Starman, and a fantasy/comedy (and cult classic), Big Trouble in Little China.
I listened to his audio commentaries, and one of the main reasons why he decided to write and score his own soundtrack was for budgetary reasons. A lot of his films didn't get a big budget, so they had to save where they can (the most famous budget decision for the Halloween mask was actually a painted white William Shatner mask they found at a Halloween store). Like the Shatner mask, some of his music theme songs have also became iconic… at least for the Snake Plissken theme (Escape from New York) and the main Halloween theme.
Part of this rare tour is to promote John Carpenter's Anthology: Movie Themes 1974-1998 ( Sacred Bones Records). The record was done in collaboration with Carpenter's son Cody Carpenter and his godson Daniel Davies, to coincide with the recent remix of Halloween by Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross.
Although backed with a great band, you can tell that Carpenter wasn't exactly used to playing live. His movements was robotic and always looking like he's keeping time with his music sheets and keyboard. Sure, sometime he would point to an audience member, or announced the upcoming song… but it looked and sounded very rehearsed.
For those popular and cult-like movie themes, a video clip of those movies was shown on the background as the band play its theme (or selection from the soundtrack). All of these songs were written by Carpenter, with the exception of the Jack Nitzsche's soundtrack for Starman and the amazing Italian composer Ennio Morricone's soundtrack for The Thing (he's known for scoring over 70 films, including all of Sergio Leone films).
My favorite part of the show was for They Live, a film about a space invasion starring wrestler Roddy "Rowdy" Piper, which John Carpenter, and the entire band, put on sun glasses as they play 'Coming to L.A.' In the film, Piper, as John Nada, could see aliens with these special sunglasses.
Rounding out the rest of John Carpenter's live show were some original instrumentals, most of these were collected his first two albums Lost Themes and Lost Themes II (both available on Sacred Bones Records). While these songs, such as 'Vortex', were standalone original songs, you can see how someone could use the dynamic song in a future film.
If you love 70s/80s horror films, do yourself a favor and see John Carpenter on this tour. Like I said, this is a rare opportunity to see the director… and for many fans, it's worth paying a little extra to get autographs and your pictures taken with Carpenter.
John Carpenter at Myth Live, Maplewood (07 November 2017)
Posted by W♥M on Sunday, 12 November 2017 at 03:37 PM in DJ Jake Rudh, Film, Films, Horror, John Carpenter, Maplewood, Soundtrack, The Myth, Transmission | Permalink


Very good essay, as fresh today as when it was published more than 1 1/2 years ago. The US press doesn't give much coverage to the topic, perhaps because it reflects on our allies in the region. A free press can inform the public about many things, but it is cautious about criticizing foreign policy. Major Taylor is unusually bold.
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What this article says about the Iran-Iraq-Syria-Mediterrania pipeline has been generally refuted. The pipeline would have to go through Sunni dominated areas in Iraq and Syria that can at any time cut the pipeline and thus exert a blackmail effect on Iran and the Assad regime. Furthermore, Iran will never finance such a pipeline that it would lose overnight if the Assad's regime is toppled. Imagine Iran losing a $15 biliion investment when Assad leaves office. The huge underwater distances involved also makes this pipeline uneconomic as it will be very expensive. Iran already has a gas pipeline through Turkey to Europe. It will not make that $15 billion investment, as it does not need it.
On the other hand using LNG tankers it is much simpler to move vast amounts of gas to anywhere in the world and not just to Greece, which is what Qatar is doing. Furthermore, Qatar can easily put in a gas pipeline through KSA, Egypt and then a short underwater distance to Crete. This will be by far cheaper than the Iranian pipeline through Syria. The fact that Qatar has not bothered to do this indicates that LNG shipping is more cost effective.
French mandate that ended in 1943. The Alawites are at best 15% of the population of Syria why then do you want the money to be given and dominated by the minority of the population and leave the majority to be marginalized and deprived of the wealth of their country?!
ALi, the author does not seem to be offering a view as to what the outcome or what actions should be taken. He relates as with all religious and other wars the war in Syria and the region is ultimately about oil, gas money and power that religious dominance with military dominance will provide. He focuses on the current gas pipe line project. But there is far more wealth at stake than that. Erg,o Russia's involvement to protect its investment and Iran's seeking to gain influence an a piece of the profits here-to-fore out of its reach. I'm not sure what America is doing or going to do except not provide anyone with ground troops.
The writer is attributing everything here to money. That's fine, and why not. You mentioned in your article that the Sunnis have tried to unseat the Alawites ever since France installed them during the French mandate that ended in 1943. The Alawites are at best 15% of the population of Syria why then do you want the money to be given and dominated by the minority of the population and leave the majority to be marginalized and deprived of the wealth of their country?!
@MelissaAReinhard You are very lucky to make so much money but please tell me How is prostitution legal where you live?


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