In 2017, 504 rhinos were poached from the Kruger National Park. Announcing a breakthrough on Tuesday, the Hawks said two accused, alleged to be kingpins in the movement of rhino horn out of the country, were arrested. The arrests were the culmination of a two-year investigation.
Investigators from the Directorate for Priority Crimes Investigation (Hawks) and their counterparts in SanParks believe they have disrupted the supply chain of poached rhino horn from the Kruger National Park via Gauteng to SouthEast Asia.
"We made a paradigm shift in wildlife trafficking and the whole supply chain."
Two men, Mandla Patrick Mashele, 37, and Kelvin Hahlane Malapane, 30, handed themselves over to police and have subsequently been released on R50,000 bail with stringent conditions after they made a brief appearance in court.
Both men are from Benoni and are alleged to be the masterminds behind acquiring the poached rhino horn from the parks and facilitating its movement to markets in SouthEast Asia.


text:
L'àlgebra homològica és una noció bàsica de la topologia algebraica. Intuïtivament, dues corbes en un pla o una altra superfície bidimensional són homòlogues si juntes delimiten una regió -definint així un dins i un fora. De manera similar, dues superfícies en un espai tridimensional són homòlogues si entre elles delimiten una regió de l'espai.

Més formalment, làlgebra homològica és la branca de les matemàtiques que estudia l'homologia en un context algebraic general. Té els seus orígens en les investigacions sobre topologia combinatòria (una precursora de la topologia algebraica) i l'àlgebra abstracta (teoria de mòduls i syzygys) al final del , principalment degudes a Henri Poincaré i David Hilbert.

El desenvolupament de l'àlgebra homològica està íntimament relacionat amb el sorgiment de la teoria de categories. De fet, l'àlgebra homològica és l'estudi dels functors homològics i les estructures algebraiques intricades que conté. Un concepte útil i freqüent en matemàtiques és el dels complexos de cadenes, que es poden estudiar tant a través de la seva homologia com de la seva cohomologia. L'àlgebra homològica proporciona les eines per extreure la informació continguda en aquests complexos, i presentar-la en la forma d'invariants d'anells, mòduls, espais topològics i altres objectes matemàtics. Una eina potent per realitzar aquesta anàlisi la proporcionen les successions espectrals.

Des del seu origen, l'àlgebra homològica ha jugat un rol important en topologia algebraica. El seu àmbit d'influència ha crescut amb el temps, i actualment inclou l'àlgebra commutativa, la geometria algebraica, la teoria de nombres algebraics, la teoria de representació, la física matemàtica, les àlgebres d'operadors, l'anàlisi complexa i la teoria d'equacions en derivades parcials.

Història de l'àlgebra homològica
L'àlgebra homològica començà a ser estudiada en la seva forma més bàsica durant el  com a part de la topologia, però no va ser fins a la dècada de 1940 que esdevingué una àrea independent amb l'estudi d'objectes tals com el functor Ext i el functor Tor, entre altres.

Complexos de cadenes i homologia

El complex de cadenes és la noció central de l'àlgebra homològica. És una successió  de grups abelians i homomorfismes de grups, amb la propietat que la composició de dos homomorfismes consecutius qualssevol és zero:

Els elements de Cn s'anomenen n-cadenes i els homomorfismes dn s'anomenen diferencials. Els grups Cn es poden dotar d'una estructura addicional; per exemple, poden ser espais vectorials o mòduls sobre un anell fixat R. Les diferencials han de preservar aquesta estructura addicional, en el cas que existeixi; per exemple, han de ser aplicacions lineals o homomorfismes de R-mòduls. Per convenció, ens restingirem al cas de grups abelians (estrictament, a la categoria Ab de grups abelians; un famós teorema de Barry Mitchell assegura que els resultats són vàlids en el cas general d'una categoria abeliana qualsevol). Tot complex de cadenes defineix altres dues successions de grups abelians, els cicles Zn = Ker dn i les fronteres Bn = Im dn+1, on Ker d i Im d simbolitzen el nucli i la imatge de d, respectivament. Com que la composició de dues diferencials qualssevol és zero, aquests grups estan submergits l'un en l'altre:
 .

Els subgrups dels grups abelians són automàticament normals; per tant, poden definir ln-sim grup d'homologia Hn(C) com el grup quocient dels n-cicles per les n-fronteres,
 .

Hom diu que un complex de cadenes és acíclic o que és una successió exacta si tots els seus grups d'homologia són zero.

Els complexos de cadenes sorgeixen freqüentment en àlgebra i topologia algebraica. Per exemple, si X és un espai topològic, llavors les cadenes singulars Cn(X) són combinacions lineals formals de funcions contínues del n-símplex estàndard cap a X; si K és un complex simplicial, llavors les cadenes simplicials Cn(K) són combinacions lineals formals dels n-símplexs de X; si A = F/R és una presentació d'un grup abelià A per generadors i relacions, on F és un grup abelià lliure generat pels generadors i R és el subgrup de relacions, llavors escrivint C1(A) = R, C0(A) = F, i Cn(A) = 0 per a qualsevol altre n obtenim una successió de grups abelians. En tots aquests casos, existeixen diferencials naturals dn que converteixen Cn en un complex de cadenes, l'homologia dels quals reflecteixen l'estructura de l'espai topològic X, del complex simplicial K o del grup abelià A. En el cas d'espais topològics, arribem a la noció d'homologia singular, que juga un rol fonamental en la investigació de les propietats d'aquests espais, com per exemple les varietats.

Des d'un punt de vista filosòfic, l'àlgebra homològica mostra que certs complexos de cadenes associats amb objectes algebraics o geomètrics (espais topològics, complexos simplicials, R-mòduls) contenen molta informació valuosa sobre ells, i l'homologia és la que es pot copsar més fàcilment. Des d'un punt de vista tècnic, l'àlgebra homològica ens proporciona les eines per a manipular complexos i extreure'n aquesta informació. Per exemple:
 Dos objectes X i Y estan connectats mitjançant una apliació f. L'àlgebra homològica n'estudia la relació, induïda per l'aplicació f, entre complexos de cadenes associats amb X i Y i la seva homologia. Això es pot generalitzar al cas de diversos objectes i d'aplicacions que els connecten. En termes de teoria de categories, l'àlgebra homològica estudia les propietats functorials de diverses construccions de complexos de cadenes i de l'homologia d'aquests complexos.
 Un objecte X admet múltiples descripcions (per exemple, com a espai topològic i com a complex simplicial); equivalentment, hom construeix el complex  emprant alguna 'presentació' de X, en la qual intervé alguna elecció no canònica. És important conèixer l'efecte de canviar la descripció de X sobre els complexos associats a X. Típicament, el complex i la seva homologia  són functorials respecte a la presentació; i l'homologia (encara que no el propi complex) és, de fet, independent de la presentació que s'hagi escollit, i per tant és un invariant de X.

Eines i tècniques

Successions exactes

En el context de la teoria de grups, una successió

de grups i homomorfismes de grups s'anomena exacta si la imatge de cada homomorfisme és igual al nucli del següent:
.
Notem que la successió de grups i homomorfismes pot ser finita o infinita.

Hom pot establir una definició similar per a altres estructures algebraiques. Per exemple, podríem tenir una successió exacta d'espais vectorials i aplicacions lineals, o de mòduls i homomorfismes de mòduls. Més en general, la noció d'una successió exacta té sentit en qualsevol categoria amb nuclis i conuclis.

Successió exacta curta
El tipus més comú de successió exacta és la successió exacta curta. És una successió exacta de la forma

on f és un monomorfisme i g és un epimorfisme. En aquest cas, A és un subobjecte de B, i el quocient corresponent és isomorf a C:

(on f(A) = im(f)).

Una successió exacta curta de grups abelians també es pot escriure com una successió exacta amb 5 termes:

on 0 representa lobjecte zero, com el grup trivial o un espai vectorial 0-dimensional. El fet de col·locar els objectes zero obliga a què f sigui un monomorfisme i a què g sigui un epimorfisme.

Successió exacta llarga
Una successió exacta llarga és una successió exacta indexada pels nombres naturals.

El lema dels cinc

Considerem el següent diagrama commutatiu en qualsevol categoria abeliana (com per exemple la categoria dels grups abelians o la categoria d'espais vectorials sobre un cos donat), o la categoria dels grups.

El lema dels cinc afirma que, si les files són exactes, m i p són isomorfismes, l és un epimorfisme, i q és un monomorfisme, llavors n també és un isomorfisme.

El lema de la serp

En una categoria abeliana (com per exemple la categoria dels grups abelians o la categoria dels espais vectorials sobre un cos donat), considerem un diagrama commutatiu:

on les files són successions exactes i 0 és l'objecte zero. Llavors existeis una successió exacta que relaciona els nuclis i els conuclis de a, b i c:

Addicionalment, si el morfisme f és un monomorfisme, llavors també ho és el morfisme ker a → ker b, i si g és un epimorfisme, llavors també ho és coker b → coker c.

Categories abelianes
En matemàtiques, una categoria abeliana és una categoria en la qual els morfismes i els objectes es poden sumar, i en la qual existeixen nuclis i conuclis, i tenen propietats desitjables. L'exemple per antonomàsia d'una categoria abeliana és la categoria dels grups abelians, Ab. La teoria sorgí com un intent d'unificar diverses teories de cohomologia d'Alexander Grothendieck. Les categories abelianes són força estables; per exemple, són regulars i satisfan el lema de la serp. La classe de les categories abelianes és tancada per diverses construccions de categories, per exemple la categoria de complexos de cadenes d'una categoria abeliana, o la categoria de functors d'una categoria menor cap a una categoria abeliana són també abelianes. Aquestes propietats d'estabilitat fan que s'utilitzin a bastament en àlgebra homològica i en altres àmbits: la teoria té aplicacions importants en geometria algebraica, cohomologia i teoria de categories pura. Les categories abelianes reben aquest nom per Niels Henrik Abel.

Més concretament, una categoria és abeliana si
 té un objecte zero,
 conté tots els productes binaris i els coproductes binaris,
 conté tots els nuclis i conuclis, i
 tots els monomorfismes i epimorfismes són normals.

Functor Ext
Sigui R un anell, i sigui ModR la categoria dels mòduls sobre R. Sigui B un mòdul de ModR, i escrivim T(B) = HomR(A,B), per a un A de ModR fixat. Això és un functor exacte esquerre, i per tant té functors derivats RnT. Hom defineix el functor Ext com
.

Això es pot calcular prenent qualsevol resolució injectiva
,

i calculant
.

Llavors (RnT)(B) és l'homologia d'aquest complex. Notem que HomR(A,B) està exclosa del complex.

Hom pot proporcionar una definició alternativa, emprant el functor G(A)=HomR(A,B). Per a un mòdul B fixat, això és un functor exacte esquerre contravariant, i per tant també tenim functors derivats per la dreta RnG, i podem definir
.

Això es pot calcular escollint una resolució projectiva qualsevol
,

i procedir amb els duals, calculant
.

Llavors (RnG)(A) és l'homologia d'aquest complex. Notem, de nou, que s'exclou HomR(A,B).

Aquestes dues construccions proporcionen resultats isomorfs, i per tant qualsevol de les dues es pot fer servir per a calcular el functor Ext.

Functor Tor
Suposem que R és un anell, i denotem per R-Mod la cateogira de R-mòduls per l'esquerra, i per Mod-R la categoria de R-mòduls per la dreta (si R és commutatiu, les dues categories coincideixen). Prenem un mòdul B fixat de R-Mod. Per a A de Mod-R, escrivim T(A) = A⊗RB. Llavors T és un functor exacte dret de Mod-R en la categoria dels grups abelians Ab (en el cas de què R sigui commutatiu, és un functor exacte dret de Mod-R en Mod-R), i els seus functors derivats esquerres LnT estan definits. Escrivim:

és a dir, prenem una resolució projectiva
 ;

llavors eliminem el terme A i apliquem tensors a la resolució projectiva amb B, i obtenim el complex

(notem que A⊗RB no apareix i l'última fletxa és simplement l'aplicació nul·la) i prenem l'homologia d'aquest complex.

Successió espectral
Fixem una categoria abeliana, com per exemple la categoria de mòduls sobre un anell. Una successió espectral és una elecció d'un enter no-negatiu r0 i d'una col·lecció de tres successions:
 Per a tots els enters r ≥ r0, un objecte Er, anomenat full (com un full de paper), o de vegades una pàgina o terme,
 Endomorfismes dr : Er → Er que satisfan dr o dr = 0, anomenats aplicacions frontera o diferencials,
 Isomorfismes de Er+1 amb H(Er), l'homologia de Er respecte a dr.

Una successió espectral doble conté molta informació que cal tenir en compte, però existeix una tècnica de visualització que fa que l'estructura de la successió espectral sigui més evident. Tenim tres índexs, r, p i q. Per a cada r, imaginem que tenim un full de paper de dibuix. Sobre aquest full, prenem p que sigui la direcció horitzontal i q que sigui la direcció vertical. A cada punt de la quadrícula tenim l'objecte .

És força freqüent que n = p + q sigui un altre índex natural de la successió espectral. L'índex n recorre cada full diagonalment de nord-oest a sud-est. En el cas homològic, les diferencials tenen bi-grau (−r, r − 1), de tal manera que decrementen n en 1. En el cas cohomològic, n s'incrementa en 1. Quan r és zero, la diferencial mou els objectes un espai cap avall o cap amunt. Això és similar a la diferencial d'un complex de cadenes. Quan r és 1, la diferencial mou els objectes un espai cap a l'esquerra o cap a la dreta. Quan r és 2, la diferencial mou els objectes com un cavall en el joc dels escacs. Per a r més gran, la diferencial actua com un moviment generalitzat del cavall.

Functor derivat
Suposem que tenim un functor exacte esquerre covariant F : A → B entre dues categories abelianes A i B. Si 0 → A → B → C → 0 és una successió exacta curta de A, llavors aplicant F obtenim la successió exacta 0 → F(A) → F(B) → F(C), i hom es podria preguntar com es podria continuar aquesta successió cap a la dreta per tal de formar una successió exacta llarga. Resulta que, sota certes condicions, existeix una manera canònica d'aconseguir-ho, donada pels functors derivats drets de F. Per a tot i≥1, existeix un functor RiF: A → B, i la successió anterior continua així: 0 → F(A) → F(B) → F(C) → R¹F(A) → R¹F(B) → R¹F(C) → R²F(A) → R²F(B) → ... . D'aquí podem veure que F és un functor exacte si i només si R¹F = 0; és a dir, els functors derivats drets de F proporcionen una mesura que quant "li falta" a F per ser exacte.

Functorialitat
Una funció contínua d'espais topològics proporciona un homomorfisme entre els seus n-sims grups d'homologia per a tot n. Aquest resultat bàsic de topologia algebraica permet trobar una explicació natural a certes propietats dels complexos de cadenes. Com que és freqüent estudiar diversos espais topològics de manera simultània, en àlgebra homològica hom es veu sovint dirigit a considerar simultàniament diversos complexos de cadenes.

Un morfisme entre dos complexos de cadenes, , és una família d'homomorfismes de grups abelians Fn:Cn → Dn que commuten amb les diferencials, en el sentit de què Fn -1 • dnC = dnD • Fn per a tot n. Un morfisme de complexos de cadenes indueix un morfisme  dels seus grups d'homologia, consistent en els homomorfismes Hn(F): Hn(C) → Hn(D) per a tot n. Hom diu que un morfisme F és un quasi-isomorfisme si indueix un isomorfisme en la n-sima homologia per a tot n.

En àlgebra i geometria, moltes construccions de cadenes de complexos que hi apareixen, incloent-hi l'holomogia singular, tenen la següent propietat de functorialitat: si dos objectes X i Y estan connectats per una aplicació f, llavors els complexos de cadenes associats estan connectats per un morfisme F = C(f) de  en , i addicionalment, la composició g • f d'aplicacions f: X → Y i g: Y → Z indueix el morfisme C(g • f) de  en  que coincideix amb la composició C(g) • C(f). Una conseqüència d'això és que els grups d'homologia  són també functorials, de tal manera que els morfismes entre objectes algebraics o topològics proporcionen aplicacions entre les seves homologies.

La següent definició sorgeix d'una situació típica en àlgebra i topologia. Hom diu que un triplet consistent en tres complexos de cadenes  i dos morfismes entre ells, , és un triplet exacte o una successió exacta curta de complexos, escrit

si per a qualsevol n, la successió

és una successió exacta curta de grups abelians. Per definició, això significa que fn és una funció injectiva, gn és una funció exhaustiva, i Im fn = Ker gn. Un dels teoremes més bàsics en àlgebra homològica, anomenat lema zig-zag, afirma que, en aquest cas, existeix una successió exacta llarga en homologia
 ,

on els grups d'homolohia de L, M, i N se segueixen cíclicament l'un a l'altre, i δn són uns certs homomorfismes determinats per f i g, anomenats els homomorfismes connectors.

Aspectes fundacionals
Diversos autors han definit teories de cohomologia per a molts objectes diferents, com espais topològics, feixos, grups, anells, àlgebres de Lie i C*-àlgebres. L'estudi de la geometria algebraica moderna seria impensable sense la cohomologia de feixos.

La noció de successió exacta és fonamental en àlgebra homològica, ja que es poden construir successions exactes per tal de realitzar càlculs efectius. Una eina clàssica en àlgebra homològica és el functor derivat; els exemples més bàsics són els functors Ext i Tor.

Donat que s'estaven estudiant diferents aplicacions, era natural intentar abstreure tots aquests conceptes sota una base uniforme. Hi va haver diversos intents de fer aquesta feina d'abstracció. A continuació es presenta una història aproximada:
 Cartan-Eilenberg: En la seva obra de 1956 Homological Algebra, aquests autors van emprar les resolucions projectiva i injectiva.
 Tôhoku: L'aproximació en una publicació d'Alexander Grothendieck que aparegué en la segona col·lecció del Tohoku Mathematical Journal l'any 1957, emprant el concepte de categoria abeliana (per incloure feixos de grups abelians).
 La categoria derivada de Grothendieck i Verdier. Les categories derivades es remunten a la tesi doctoral de Verdier de l'any 1967. Són exemples de categories triangulades emprades en multitud de teories modernes.

La punta de llaça computacional per excel·lència és la successió espectral; és essencial en els enfocaments de Cartan-Eilenberg i Tohoku, per exemple, per tal de computar els functors derivats d'una composició de dos functors. Les successions espectrals són menys essencials en l'enfocament de categoria derivada, però encara juga un rol important quan és necessari realitzar càlculs efectius.

Existeixen intents en teories 'no-commutatives', que amplien la primera cohomologia com a torsors, importants en cohomologia de Galois.

Referències

Bibliografia

 Henri Cartan, Samuel Eilenberg, Homological algebra. With an appendix by David A. Buchsbaum. Reprint of the 1956 original. Princeton Landmarks in Mathematics. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 1999. xvi+390 pp.
 Alexander Grothendieck, Sur quelques points d'algèbre homologique. Tôhoku Math. J. (2) 9, 1957, 119–221
 Saunders Mac Lane, Homology. Reprint of the 1975 edition. Classics in Mathematics. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1995. x+422 pp.
 Peter Hilton; Stammbach, U. A course in homological algebra. Second edition. Graduate Texts in Mathematics, 4. Springer-Verlag, New York, 1997. xii+364 pp.
 Gelfand, Sergei I.; Yuri Manin, Methods of homological algebra. Translated from Russian 1988 edition. Second edition. Springer Monographs in Mathematics. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2003. xx+372 pp.
 Gelfand, Sergei I.; Yuri Manin, Homological algebra. Translated from the 1989 Russian original by the authors. Reprint of the original English edition from the series Encyclopaedia of Mathematical Sciences (Algebra, V, Encyclopaedia Math. Sci., 38, Springer, Berlin, 1994). Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1999. iv+222 pp.

Topologia algebraica
Àlgebra abstracta

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Launched in 2007, the OSALE website acts as a common platform for all government agencies of Estonia. The aim is to achieve more transparency and openness in decision making which will (hopefully) lead to better quality public decisions, policy and legislation. The intent of site developers was for all government agencies to publish their draft policy papers, development plans, laws or provisions on the public consultation website. Submission is voluntary, however, and not regulated by administrative procedures.
The OSALE website is an update of the 'Today I Decide' (TID) portal for citizens initiatives and petitions that has been functioning since 2001. The experience gained from launching and developing the central participation tool was used to create an international product TID, an open-source software that can be used by any institution. A specific development project was carried out in partnership with the e-Governance Academy (based in Estonia) and European University Institute (based in Florence, Italy). The project was co-financed by the European Union under the eParticipation preparatory action. As a result of the project, a working prototype of the software for participation portal can be accessed via http://ideas.tidplus.net. The project web site (containing project resources and news items, and supporting the dissemination efforts) is http://tidplus.net.
Another goal of OSALE was to facilitate government consultations with Civil Society Organizations - an action stipulated by a 1999 decree which states that the explanatory letters of draft laws should include the opinions of NGOs and interest groups. In 2005, a "Code of Good Practice on Involvement" was developed, elaborating the key principles that support active and meaningful participation of CSOs and wider public. The Code is in the form of recommendations and aims to be applied by government in the preparation of policy documents that are important to the country's development.
The Osale integrated electronic environment has three functions.
Firstly, deliberation: citizens and interest groups can launch initiatives for new legislative proposals, present ideas and critique to government and submit petitions. Any such proposal undergoes voting and commenting by other users. Then the proposal is forwarded to the relevant government department, which then posts an official response explaining what action was or was not taken and why.
Secondly, participation: citizens can participate in public consultations/hearings. Citizens and Civil Society Organizations can publicly give their opinion about draft legislation prepared by government agencies. All government agencies have been advised how to publish their draft policy papers, development plans, laws or provisions on the consultation website. Submission is however voluntary and is not regulated by administrative procedures.
Thirdly, information: government agencies publish information about forthcoming policy decisions and relevant public consultations. There is also a search function for legal acts according to their stage of preparation (i.e. since policy proposal to adoption in the parliament).
During its first two years of use, over 70 public consultations have been carried out, initiated by all line ministries (the structure of government includes 11), the National Audit Office and the State Chancellery. Interest in the consultations is quite significant. The website has 5 000 visits per consultation on average. It has over 2 500 registered users. Among them are individual citizens, but also representatives of organizations, e.g. business organizations, CSOs or associations who issue a statement on behalf of their members.
Feedback by users and stakeholders indicates that the consultation site presents opportunities for dialogue between policy-makers and civil sector. The main impact arises from enhancing transparency of government decision-making and involving citizens as stakeholders, besides already established groups such as CSO umbrella organisations, employers' associations and trade unions.


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The school sick day dilemma: should they stay or should they go?
As a result of my parents' draconian position on missing school for illness, I rather predictably veered strongly in the opposite direction when my eldest started kindergarten. My lax sick day policy with my own kids was certainly reactionary, but it was also based on my carefully considered views regarding some of the fundamental problems with how our school system is organized. I felt (and still do feel) that American children spend too many hours each week in the classroom, and too many hours doing homework, and that they do not get enough time to play or to explore what they do learn in school on their own, outside of class.
H, J and E – all 3 legitimately sick at home with a virus a few years ago, all on the same day. They all passed out on top of each other on the futon, like a bunch of sleepy puppies. Note that E is wearing giant gloves. He swore they made him feel better, so he wore them until he was well.
So for many years – and this was possible mainly because I worked from home almost exclusively during that period – I had no problem with letting my three older kids miss school for even the mildest expression of unwellness, or even when I simply felt that one of them needed a mental health day. And like so many parenting missteps I've made along the way (and from which I like to think I have learned, and continue to learn) I can only say now that, well, it seemed like a good idea at the time!
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Q: Reset all select dropdowns I have have a function that gets called by onbeforeunload. Within I wish to reset all the dropdowns but I cannot find the right method to reset them back to the 0 value.
<head>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        function displaymessage() {
            document.getElementsByTagName('select').value = 1;
            //or
            document.getElementsByTagName('select').options.length = 0;
        }
    </script>
</head>

<body>
    <form>
        <input type="button" value="Click me!" onclick="displaymessage()" />
    </form>

    <select name="data[Rate][15][12][num_rooms]" id="r15ro12">
        <option value="0">0</option><option value="1">1 Rooms</option>
        <option value="2">2 Rooms</option><option value="3">3 Rooms</option><option value="4">4 Rooms</option>
        <option value="5">5 Rooms</option><option value="6">6 Rooms</option><option value="7">7 Rooms</option>
        <option value="8">8 Rooms</option><option value="9">9 Rooms</option>
    </select>

    <select name="data[Rate][15][12][num_rooms]" id="r15ro12">
        <option value="0">0</option><option value="1">1 Rooms</option>
        <option value="2">2 Rooms</option><option value="3">3 Rooms</option><option value="4">4 Rooms</option>
        <option value="5">5 Rooms</option><option value="6">6 Rooms</option><option value="7">7 Rooms</option>
        <option value="8">8 Rooms</option><option value="9">9 Rooms</option>
    </select>
</body>
</html>

A: Here´s a way to select the first option in all selects using native JavaScript;
var elements = document.getElementsByTagName('select');
for (var i = 0; i < elements.length; i++)
{
    elements[i].selectedIndex = 0;
}

...but jQuery is very handy and makes most things much easier.

A: How about something like:
$(window).unload(function () {
    $("select").val("0");
});

A: function displaymessage() {
    $("select").each(function() { this.selectedIndex = 0 });
}

this selects the first option (not necessarily having value = 0)

A: With raw javascript code, we can do the following,
elements = document.getElementsByTagName("select")
for(i=0; i < elements.length ; i++){
 elements[i].selectedIndex= 0;
}

A: Try this:
function displaymessage() {
    $("select").val("0");
}

A: First of all you should not use the same name/id for the different tag. It should be  unique for each tag.
In the tag  call the function like,

Then alter ur fun like
    function displaymessage() {
    var x= document.getElementsByTagName('select');
    for(var i=0;i<2;i++)
        {
              document.getElementById(x[i].id).options[0].selected = "0";
        }
    }

A: Yet Another Way
$('select option:first-child').attr('selected', 'selected');

DEMO

A: The jQuery solutions I have seen so far don't take into account to remove the previous selected attribute if one exists, hence I believe that this extra step is required:
$("#myControlId").find("select").each(function (index) {
        var ctrl=$(this);
        if (ctrl.children().length > 0) {
            $(ctrl.children()).each(function(index) {
                if (index===0) $(this).attr('selected', 'selected');
                else $(this).removeAttr('selected');
            });
        }
});

This solution only keeps one selected attribute in the first option and removes all the others (if applicable).

A: Try this:
$( 'select' ).each( function () {
    if ( $( this ).children().length > 0 ) {
        $( $( this ).children()[0] ).attr( 'selected', 'selected' );
    }
} );

A: $('#dropDownListID').val("");
or
$('#dropDownListID').val("0");

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Sickness Cycle Central! Do you have kids that are just constantly snotty and miserable? Do they catch one thing after another? Are you TIRED of all that? If your answer was no, there are two alternatives – either your kids aren't sick. (YAY!) Or they are and you are sold the idea that's normal. Sorry to be the bearer of bad new but…It's not normal. It has become normalised that children have certain conditions, but it ain't normal. To explain normalised, I created this video. Feel free to check it out.
So let's just clarify – LOADS of kids are sick…constantly catching one thing after another, coughing, snotty and this is NOT normal. Loads of kids have allergies, eczema, asthma and this too should not be accepted as normal.
So how? Why? What happened to create this crazy cycle of continual sickness and chronic goodness knows what?
We then get sick and visit the doctor…and get some antibiotics.
Which then impairs gut health..
Gut health related to allergies, asthma, mental health, AUTISM…ALL OF IT is correlated with gut health.
ANXIETY? Oh man isn't that the new kid on the block. Did you know that as our parent's generation will have the highest cases of heart disease etc, our children's generation will have the highest rate of mental illness and emotional unwellness EVER. But that too is just becoming "normal".
OK so here's why I love what I do…I can help you get OFF that runaway train! Stop running on the crazy treadmill of sick-sick-sick and be WELL. How about it? Are you up for a little education and empowerment in your life to just be WELL? And have happy, healthy children? There's no strings. It's just about learning to do things a bit differently. OK, there's one string – YOU NEED TO BE EMPOWERED for your family. You can't just do as you're told any more. It's hard I know. I'm not saying never go to a doctor, but I urge you to find one who respects you, talks to you and is open to alternative methods of healing so you know you're getting good information on EVERYTHING available to you.
I have helped hundreds, thousands of others step away from sickness for their families and if you're ready for this, then I'm ready to chat with you about the steps we can take. Let's book a time.


Five great cheesesteaks to eat at the Jersey Shore.
You don't have to head to Philly to get the best cheesesteak around — and that's for sure.
Below are some great cheesesteaks between Atlantic Highlands and Seaside Heights. Each combine quality product and spice with the natural flavor of the Jersey Shore.
House-cooked beef steak, hot cherry peppers, red onions and melted American cheese on a hero — and the roll is shipped fresh from Brooklyn every morning.
This is The Speakeatery's famous cheesesteak — and it seems to be the biggest secret in Asbury Park.
Their cheesesteak is listed on the menu as "The Ole Steak Sang-Gweech (AKA The We're Not in Philly)" — its description reads, "Absolutely no brotherly love put into this mass of meat and cheese." A half hero goes for $8.25, and a whole for $13.50.
It was the kick of the hot peppers that did it for me.
Their other sandwiches have unique titles — including the "Angry Al Capone," "The Back Alley Brawler (AKA The Bensonhurst)," "The Pickle Focker" and "The Haight and Ashbury Park Boomer." Other options include the General Tso's Chicken Sandwich made with sticky rice buns and the "Hand Grenade" BBQ sandwich.
The Speakeatery has been featured on the Travel Channel, Good Morning America and Thrillist and has gained attraction via Instagram.
Patrons line up around the bright yellow building at 2 a.m. on the weekends. Crowds flood the sidewalks on Ocean Terrace and Dupont Avenue, waiting for a Seaside Tony and a side of cheeseballs for a late-night fix.
The Seaside Tony is Steaks Unlimited's most popular item — a cheesesteak with peppers, onions, white American and eight fried cheeseballs stuffed in a half roll of pizza bread.
The cheeseballs are a whole different story — they are bite-size balls of cheddar cheese, breaded and fried to cater to the late-night Seaside Heights Boardwalk crowd. The Seaside Tony gives a taste of it all, said Madera, 23.
If the pizza bread doesn't sound just right — Steaks Unlimited offers regular hoagie rolls to substitute. But Madera insists that it's all part of the experience.
The Seaside Tony goes for $9.50, and a regular cheesesteak for $7.50.
Pizza bread is part of the Seaside Heights cheesesteak experience, according to The Original Steaks on Ocean Terrace — right across the street from Steaks Unlimited.
"The pizza bread gives it a Seaside Heights twist — it's our own version," said Marisa Faruolo, daughter of owners Mary and Sal Faruolo.
The Frauolo family of Toms River has owned The Original Steaks since 1998 — and the crowd has not died down over the years.
The Original Steaks has a similar late-night crowd, as well as its share of "Jersey Shore" cameos. On a busy summer night, they won't close up till 3:30-4 a.m. — and once the crowds flee, they kill the lights, Frauolo, 21, said.
The Original Steaks offers outdoor counter seating, with close-up view of the grill to see the kitchen in action. Their cheesesteaks with peppers, onions and mushrooms go for $8.50.
You can see Martine Gonzales at The Original Steaks cook up a cheesesteak and an Italian hot dog in the video above.
This gourmet sandwich shop offers roast pork, chicken cutlet, Italian hot dog and meatball sandwiches — to name a few — but specializes in cheesesteaks. It's gourmet fast food in a trattoria setting, according to owner Cheryl DeSantis.
The bread comes in fresh and hot at 5 a.m. daily from a bakery in Brooklyn.
The restaurant business was quite a stranger to DeSantis — she operated fashion showrooms in Manhattan. But, her husband, Peter DeSantis, has owned and operated the Yellow Roof in Asbury Park and a prime rib house in Chelsea Piers, both no longer open.
At age 77, Peter DeSantis came out of years of retirement to open the sandwich shop in 2010. He passed away two years ago, and Cheryl has operated in his honor ever since.
Her husband spent the 1970s operating nightclubs and restaurants in Asbury Park and Long Branch that stars like Tony Bennett and Johnny Maltis have performed at. He sought out to maintain that flavor at Philly's Famous Cheesesteaks by playing classic tunes at all hours.
The customers enjoy the preserved flavor, DeSantis said. About 90 percent of their business came from takeout orders, but has recently seen an influx of customers eating in. Their cheesesteaks start at $9.75.
Midway Steak House is the centerpiece of the Seaside Heights Boardwalk — literally.
The building is painted yellow and green with a giant, spinning sign lined in flashing light bulbs reading "Midway Steak House." This landmark opened in 1980.
"We've gone through many generations, people come with their kids and say 'When I was a kid I ate here, here now they eat here,'" said owner William Wutzer, Seaside Heights resident since 1967. "It's pretty cool."
Wutzer is originally from Philadelphia and has tried his best to preserve the original Philly cheesesteak. Midway Steak House rolls are ordered fresh from Liscio's Italian Bakery in Glassboro — the same bakery that Pat's King of Steaks and Geno's Steaks in Philadelphia get their rolls.
The kitchen employees stand over the grill, spatulas in both hands, pulling apart the fresh beef on the flat-top grill. They open the rolls and place them over the beef when it's almost finished to warm up the bread — they turn it right side up and top it with melted cheddar. Their Yelp price range is listed as under $10.


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Jeffrey Brown's book of prose and poetry is entitled The News (Copper Canyon Press, May 2015). In the book he explores the intersections between politics and poetry. From a high-security prison in Arizona to a West Point classroom to a slum in Haiti, Brown's poems share the perspectives of inmates, cadets, and survivors. The Washington Post calls it "Compelling… The News does a wonderful job of balancing the language of journalism and the power of poetry." His poetry has been selected for inclusion in the next "365 Poems" anthology from the Academy of American Poets.
In a career spanning more than twenty years at the NewsHour, Brown has interviewed numerous leading American and international newsmakers, moderated studio discussions on a vast array of topics, and reported from across the United States and other regions of the globe. As arts correspondent, he has profiled many of the world's leading writers, musicians and other artists. As senior producer for national affairs for more than a decade, he helped shape the program's coverage of the economy, healthcare, social policy, culture, and other areas. In addition, he is the creator and host of "Art Beat", the NewsHour's popular online arts and culture blog. His work as correspondent and producer has garnered an Emmy, six Cine Golden Eagle Awards, and other honors. In 2013-2014, Jeffrey Brown collaborated with U. S. Poet Laureate Natasha Trethewey for a series of on-location reports in various cities across the United States exploring several large societal issues, through the focused lens offered by poetry.
Brown regularly speaks at conferences and forums including the U.S. - Islamic World Forum in Doha, Qatar and the Aspen Ideas Festival, and has served as a juror at the Sundance Film Festival and the National Poetry Out Loud Competition. He was recently named a Woodrow Wilson Visiting Fellow and has been the recipient of travel fellowships from the East-West Center and the Kaiser Foundation.
Prior to joining the NewsHour, Brown produced numerous public television series for Media & Society Seminars, an independent production company headed by Fred W. Friendly. He attended the University of California, Berkeley (B.A., Classics), the UC Berkeley School of Law (Boalt Hall), and the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism (M.S.). Brown was awarded an honorary doctorate from Wesley College.
Jeffrey Brown is married to Paula Crawford, an artist, author, and professor at George Mason University. They have two children.


Welcome to new About Zurbu in English on Zurbu!
We've now got our own short links for every message! No more bit.ly or Tinyurl needed when linking to Zurbu on Twitter and other places where brevity matters. These shortcuts can be found among other meta information for every message.


text:
About Duston Players
Cast of Disaster Cast and The House Of Fog - May 2017
Duston Players is a family friendly, local, amateur theatre group, based in Duston, Northampton. Serving the local community for over 70 years, we welcome anyone with an interest in amateur dramatics, on stage or behind the scenes, whether young or old, with experience or without. We also arrange social events for our members.
Fancy giving it a go yourself? We're always on the look out for talented actors - but we need talent backstage as well as on. Got a knack with a needle and thread? Really good at pulling curtains? Dab hand with a paintbrush? Come and offer up your talents and in return you get to be part of this fun and sociable group.
For a glimpse at what it's like being a member check us out on social media for more updates and behind the scenes exclusives! Find us on Facebook and Twitter
For further details contact our secretary on our Contact Page
www.dramagroups.com

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May 1st celebrations: festivities in Saint Petersburg, attacks in Moscow
In Saint Petersburg more than 300 people participated in the "rainbow column" of the Democratic March on May, 1st. "Love takes over war", "Ukraine! God in on your side", "All rights or just driving license?", "Rights are not given, rights are fought for!", "Peter the I was looking at Holland. That's a tradition. Keep it?" - these and many more slogans were flying at the March together with flags of European Union, Russia, Ukrain and LGBT movement.
Some were wearing Ukrainian wreaths with multicolor ribbons. The March proceeded peacefully. LGBT part was protected by about 50 police officers, and was headed by a figure of "Queen of gas station", a reference to a famous Ukrainian movie of the 60s, who this time had resemblance simultaneously with two political leaders - one of Germany's first half of 20th century's and the other of modern Russia.
The doll was a landmark of the rainbow column, just as the last year's dummy of Milonov, the homophobic orthodox deputy of the State Duma. This idea had been brought about by the civil activist Pyotr Voskresenskiy.
However, the media and the participants report of several provocation attempts and threats from religious bigots and orthodox extremists. These latter ones are custom to attacking activists leaving after the March accessories have been dismantled. This time though a different approach was employed - several minors joined the LGBT column, while the organizers recieved accusations on the basis of "Mizulina law", threatening with millions rubles of fines. March organizers were quick to stop the provocation. Some participants would argue that several police officers were insisting on removing the LGBT symbolics, albeit not too actively. Indeed, to accomplish this it would have taken to detain all the participants of the March.
Attempts to disrupt the column were later performed at the meeting at the Mars field. They were stopped by the police. The footage is available from Nevex.TV, who call themselves "the last independent media in the country".
In Moscow the March with participation of LGBT activists, that started after 3 pm, was accompanied with unprecedented number of attacks and provocations. All of them were organized by so called "orthodox activists", according to social media coverage, and those have been known for their attempts to disrupt the cultural and social LGBT events, and cases of embroilment in Moscow theaters and on other public platforms.
Provocators holding christian icons were breaking into the columns and were attacking participants with rainbow symbolics. According to the project SQueer, there have been a dozen of attacks. "They push participants on the ground. Have sprayed some yuck gas. I feel dry mouth, I cough..." - says the rights activist Andrey Nasonov in his blog (link in Russian >>). Shortly before he witnessed a "provocator (a bearded short man) attacked the LGBT column and the police. Literally smashed officer's face. Was arrested."
"Labor rights for all", "LGBT activism - for freedom for you and for us!", "Stop homophobia" - these and other slogans were flying in the LGBT column in Moscow, together with rainbow flags and umbrellas.
Not too popular (around 10 people) but still noticeable was the participation of Murmansk LGBT team "Maximum". Flashy LGBT banners were put aside, still one of the slogans - "Heterosexualism is not by choice" speaks for itself. The local media stresses both these slogans and the fact that the action was approved by the authorities ("... in the same column as the anarchists, United Russia members and labor unions").
After the "Leftist March" ended on Samotyochnaya Str., three participants were detained and put into police station OVD Meschanskoye. Among the detained is the leader of the "Rainbow association" Dmitriy Svetliy. Next were Reyda Lynn and Niks Nemeni, who inquired why Svetliy had been detained. OVD Meschanskoye charged all of three with article 19.3 of Administrative Code (up to 15 days of arrest). ...By 19 hours in the evening all detainees are told to have been released.
OVD Info website reports (automated translation >>) after an LGBT column participant that during the March they were attacked by provocateurs, among them activists from the "God's will" movement, who threw eggs, paint and self-made explosives, punched activists in the head, sprayed pepper gas and tore symbolics off their hands. Activists of "God's will" were detained by the police. "Rainbow association" representatives have plans to legally charge their attacks.
News on the celebration of May, 1st are still coming from the Russian regions.
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text:
Fortnite Tournaments for PS4 Announced
PlayStation gamers aren't being left out as Fortnite tournaments for PS4 and other platforms announced by Epic Games following this weekend's Xbox Tournament.
Following the impressive success of the recent Xbox only Fortnite tournament, Epic Games has predictably announced a PS4 exclusive Fortnite Tournament.
The developer has also confirmed that all platforms will be getting their own exclusives, including mobile versions of the hugely popular Battle Royale.
Fortnite: Battle Royale Trailer (PS4)
The recent Xbox exclusive tournament which was held this weekend (20th/21st July) saw players who competed for the game share in a prize pool of $1 million.
3,500 players took part in the massive in-game, online tournament with regional finalists in the game being rewarded with $5,000 each for winning in their specific location.
>>> GET GREAT FORTNITE DEALS AT CD KEYS <<<
Now, Epic Games has confirmed that they will be holding a similar tournament for PlayStation 4 gamers at a date yet to be revealed.
A representative for Epic Games had this to say:
"For the folks inquiring within the thread, we additionally have plans to host a PS4 cup – stay tuned for details".
A little vague, but the closest thing to an official announcement we could expect until an official statement is released on the Epic Games website.
Given the huge success of Fortnite, console exclusive tournaments were only inevitable since many players choose one platform and stick with it, although some also play mobile versions of the game.
As for cross-platform competitions, this could be possible now that Sony has finally given PS4 players cross-play capability, so PS4/Xbox One tournaments could be possible.
READ MORE – Account Linking in Fortnite
However, console and PC tournaments are unlikely to happen given the speed advantages afforded by PC players due to a mouse and keyboard setup.
Similarly, I wouldn't expect mobile devices to be included in any kind of cross-platform play either since mobile devices depend on a very different control system entirely that would ultimately fail at providing any advantage at all over a traditional console controller or a desktop configuration.
As for the dates the tournament will be held, that is open to speculation as these online tournaments need time to be planned, organized and then promoted – not that Fortnite needs much promotion.
Also, with the Fortnite Battle Royale World Cup finals just around the corner, I wouldn't expect it to be any time soon.
The World Cup finals are to be held between July 26th and July 28th 2019 at a live show in New York City with many attractions and amenities for fans of the game to take part in.
This massive event includes some of the world's best known Fortnite players including Ninja (despite not qualifying for the finals) and One_Shot_Gurl, with a total prize fund of £30 million to be shared out among players.
>>> READ MORE ABOUT THE EVENT HERE <<<
Also, as well as the World Cup schedule, Season 10 is looming closer and is expected for an early August release date.
That being in mind, I would expect the PS4 tournament to be planned for some time between Season 10 and 11, just as the Xbox tournament and the World Cup were scheduled between 9 and 10.
Fortnite Season 9 Trailer
Given that a Fortnite Season has a run of around ten weeks, this would put a date of around 10th October for the PS4 Tournament, which seems like a good time to launch the competition and gives Epic Games plenty of time the get it organized.
Since it's launch in 2017, Fortnite has become a force to be reckoned with in the gaming world, being extremely popular with the younger generation of gamers who enjoy fast-paced, team-based action with friends.
According to GamesIndustry.biz, Fortnite is currently the world's highest-earning digital game, bringing Epic Games a substantial $2.4 billion in 2018.
Despite the huge success of Fortnite, the game does have its critics, with many parents speaking about how addictive the game can be with their children.
This has since prompted the World Health Organization to officially declare gaming addiction a genuine mental health disorder similar to drug and alcohol abuse.
Even games industry legend Hideo Kojima is not a fan of the game, commenting in a recent interview when asked what he thinks of Fortnite that:
"When I first started Kojima Productions, the easiest thing for me to do would have been to make a game where everyone is on an island and shoots each other".
Whatever you may think of Fortnite, the game is a massive success for Epic Games and it only looks like it is getting stronger.
Although I am not a fan my self, I respect the impact that the game has had on the industry, creating jobs for many people, bloggers included, as well as becoming an established brand in its own right.
Contrary to popular belief, Fortnite did not start the Battle Royale genre, that credit goes to PlayerUnknown's Battlegrounds, another hugely successful title, and one that is a little more realistic than Fortnite.
If you don't like Fortnite or PUBG then there are other alternatives:
Apex Legends is a similar game to Fortnite but is set in the universe of the Titanfall series of games. Since launching earlier this year, the game has readily become the go-to choice for players looking for a Fortnite alternative and is believed to be Electronic Arts' own version of Fortnite.
Call of Duty: Black Ops 4 is the latest Call of Duty title and has foregone the usual story mode in favor of a 100% multiplayer experience which includes their own version of Battle Royale.
CoD: Black Ops 4
If somehow, you have never played Fortnite and wish to test your skill on the island, the game is available now for all platforms including PlayStation 4, Xbox One, Nintendo Switch, PC, MacOS, iOS, and Android.
You can check the current game charts using the links below:
PC Video
Please share your thoughts in the comments section. Font supplied by https://fontmeme.com All images are copyright of their respective owner(s) and ChartX Games where applicable.
Michael Gore
Michael is the sole writer and owner at chartxgames.com.
Many thought that his youth (and adulthood) playing video games was a waste of time but here he is writing about them for a living.
Michael has a background in IT and enjoys (apart from video games) building and repairing PC's, digital artwork (Photoshop, 3DS Max) and has interests in too many subjects to mention.
chartxgames.com
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Naples, Florida has a lot of great stuff going on. There are the restaurants, the museums, shops and of course the beaches. However, awesome this place may be, this is not only limited for humans. Naples, Florida can also be an amazing vacation place for your four-legged buddy, specifically, your dog. Rolling around the floor and taking naps all day as well as ruining your furniture can be hard work for your best friend. So, they deserve a little R&R too, just like you. Let's look at some of the things you and your doggo can do while in Naples, Florida.
There are certain beaches around the Paradise Coast that welcomes dogs. There are rules though as you have to keep your dogs leashed while in the beaches. Aside from that it's all fun and games in the sand. You can run across the beach with your dog, even take him for paddleboarding. It's such an adorable sight to see a dog and his human stand together on a board in the middle of the water. You should give it a try. Well, that is if you've already learned how to paddleboard. If not, we've got this nice little article that you may want to read which teaches you the fundamental skills in paddleboarding.
There are certain hotel chains that do welcome dogs in their properties. These hotels have exclusive boats for their clients and this would be the perfect opportunity to take your dog with you out in the sea. You can even bring them for kayaking and there are also dog friendly hiking trails that will be made exclusive for you if you are a hotel client. If you're lucky, sometimes these hotels could do a promotional that can specifically make your dog happy and let him know who's a good boy. However, you would want to inform the hotel staff that you will be brining a dog before checking in and bring vaccination certificates with you once you arrive in the property.
Weekend mornings are always a good time to bring your dog out for a walk. Fruit, vegetables, preserved goods and some seafood stalls set up shop every 7:30-11:30 on Saturday to participate in the weekly Farmer's Market in Third Street of Downtown Naples. Here, you can buy the freshest selection of goods straight from the farmers and fishermen of Naples, Florida as well as their by-products. And since the place will be full of people and other dogs, this will be a great time for your pet to be socialized with others. Best to keep your dog leashed so as not to get them all to excited.
There are doggy day-care facilities on Naples which welcomes dogs. You can leave your dogs here all day and even go overnight. This is great in case you're going to a place where dogs aren't allowed. Say, you want to go to an art gallery or you're going to a fine dine restaurant which does not accept dogs, these facilities will be perfect. They provide pet sitters and house your pet in a safe and clean environment where they can play, take baths and eat ice cream.


To hide thy state from being understood?
4. (Shipbuilding) The endmost plank of a strake which reaches the stem or stern.
v. t. 1. To cover with a hood; to furnish with a hood or hood-shaped appendage.
2. To cover; to hide; to blind.
Thus with my hat, and sigh and say, "Amen."
(Shipbuilding) the end of a hood where it enters the rabbet in the stem post or stern post.
n. 1. Same as hoodlum.
5. hood - protective covering consisting of a metal part that covers the engine; "there are powerful engines under the hoods of new cars"; "the mechanic removed the cowling in order to repair the plane's engine"
HOOD - Hierarchical Object Oriented Design: a method for Architectural Design primarily for software to be developed in Ada, leading to automated checking, documentation and source code generation.


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Hypecast Studio
The power of internal podcasting for employee communications
Have you ever heard of a podcast? If not, you should go listen to one now. If yes, you are already halfway there to know the benefits it offers.
Podcasting is an effective tool to distribute information and when used internally helps employees to feel more connected with the company. This helps to foster a sense of cohesiveness and team culture which goes beyond conventional means. The power of internal podcasting, as a means to boost morale and share the vision of the company, is a very powerful, yet underestimated tool.
With remote work and social distancing becoming the norm in the post-pandemic era, almost all the companies worldwide are carrying out their internal communications remotely.
In an era where digital technology disruption is taking the world by storm, internal podcasting can help you to exercise innovation and create engagement. There are companies that have already used the power of internal podcasting to reap benefits for themselves and their workforce.
If you think you are ready to use internal podcasting for your benefit, but don't know where to look, help is here. Hypecast with its state-of-the-art app will help you to create and share internal podcasts within your teams and with your clients and business partners.
Internal podcasting has helped improve employee communication in many companies. Let's have a look at a couple of them which are also available in the public domain.
One of the biggest airlines in the world, American Airlines is a name synonymous with the airline industry itself.
They started their Tell Me Why podcast hosted by their VP of communications. The basis of this internal podcast is very simple. They want their people to know why they do the things they do?
Tell Me Why explains the rationale behind the decisions they make or the approach they take as a company.
The podcast has helped the airlines reach its employees and customers alike, giving them a clearer picture on the way the company operates, and the roadmap for the future.
Goldman Sachs has not one or two but three internal podcasts for their employees:
Exchanges at Goldman sachs- This is a podcast in which experts from within the firm discuss developments which shape the industry, markets and the global economy in general.
Top of Mind- In this podcast, Allison Nathan of Goldman Sachs does research and deep dives into macro developments that are at the top of the mind of investors, executives and policymakers.
Talks at GS- In this Goldman Sachs podcast, they invite leading thinkers to share insights and ideas which are currently shaping the world with their employees
Why internal podcasts should stay internal
Podcasting as you can see from the above examples is becoming an important tool of communication in companies big and small alike, but there are downsides to the ones available in the public domain.
Sharing confidential or business critical information is not possible. An internal podcast might inadvertently share sensitive information, which could be poached upon by competitors to their advantage.
The purpose of an internal podcast is to build the company culture and cement team building activities. They serve no purpose in the public domain.
It becomes difficult to track the analytics of a podcast when made available in the public domain. The messaging takes a backseat when people fail to resonate with it. It also becomes difficult to gauge the engagement in terms of data. The whole messaging of an internal podcast takes a backseat as the information gets lost when it is B2C driven.
The content for an internal podcast is created with a specific aim, for the employees. It makes sense to have a targeted approach with a specific focal point, instead of a generalised one. This would help the quality of the content produced in the podcast to be better. Publicly made available podcasts do not serve that purpose.
Since podcasts are ubiquitous, most employees would already be familiar and aware of the way they function. This holds true especially for the younger generation which forms a substantial part of the workforce.
The reasons why communication via internal podcasting is effective can be broadly categorized into two parameters:
Internal podcasts convey a message in the simplest possible way, with minimal overtones and undertones. They are cost-effective to produce compared to other media and require very little equipment to set up. Because of their small setup time, it allows experts to volunteer their time and share their knowledge more effectively.
Podcasts help to add the "human" element to a message and help to clarify the message in a more convenient yet sophisticated manner.
Podcasting is an excellent medium to educate. Let's take the example of sales teams who are mostly on the road, commuting. To conduct an in-house session, training or a town hall is not only a complicated exercise but one in futility too. Might as well spend the time on the field.
Internal podcasts can help sales people on the move get the latest in learnings, while on the move without having to jeopardize their commissions or clients.
The above apart podcasts are a welcome break to employees who would otherwise be spending quite a lot of their time on screens, which can affect both help and productivity.
How and who can help you create a podcast
Listening to a podcast is the easy part, but can that be said when you want to start your own internal podcast?
The answer to the above question is subjective. Anybody could make a podcast, but not everybody has the expertise or the know-how to create a good one. Something which sets the tone of the message and takes it to the listener with minimal flaws.
Before you set out to start an internal podcast, ask yourself a few questions:
What are your objectives from the podcast?
Do you have a strategy in place?
Who is going to manage this?
How will employees get to know about the podcast and engage with it?
What are the platforms available to host?
You could spend a fair amount of your precious time pondering over the above queries, trying to figure out the best possible way forward.
The better option would be to connect with Hypecast. It is not just a secure platform but very easy to manage too.
You could turn your existing comms into audio, create a morning brief or share the latest news. All as easy as sipping your morning cup of coffee. You will also have access to all the analytical data at your fingertips. This would help you to gauge the quality of your content and that of your listeners via relevant data. You would also get curated episodes from the latest podcasts worldwide matching your personal interests. It will help to keep a tab on the trends which are working and the ones which aren't.
Whatever be your internal podcasting need, Hypecast will be the perfect fit to meet it and exceed it. Please feel free to reach out and book a demo with us. Clients like L'OREAL, Lemken & Taylor Wessing have trusted us with their internal podcasting needs. It's your turn now.
© 2023 HYPE 1000
in Münster


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The Rise of the Drone-Journalists
July 16, 2013 • Digital News, Specialist Journalism • by Philip Di Salvo
The market for drones is expanding rapidly and will soon play an important role in the way journalism works, according to a new report.
The Association for Unmanned Vehicle Systems International estimates that in the next ten years, the market for drones will be worth 190 billion Euros.
In the U.S. alone, companies produce 146 different models of flying drones. This data, included in a new report published by the University of Oxford-based Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism, clearly sheds a light on how flying drones are increasingly becoming an ever-present part of our daily life.
Researchers David Goldberg, Mark Corcoran, and Robert G. Picard, argue that in the future flying drones, or remotely piloted aircrafts (RPAs), or unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), will play a major role in the media and news industry. Born as military equipment, drones are now being implemented for many different civilian and domestic uses – and news gathering is no different: "use of aerial platforms is not new to journalism," the researchers say, and media outlets won't miss out on the opportunity to shoot stunning video or images of a riot by simply flying over the scene with a cheap unmanned, small and agile robot. In fact, news media companies have been exploring the use of flying drones for a while and examples of news reporting done with the help of drones are beginning to multiply. For journalists, there are a variety of reasons to use drones.
One problem that arises is that newsrooms still have not settled on the correct terminology to describe drones. In news stories and popular parlance, UAVs are usually defined as "drones." The word has a clear military origin and refers to "pilotless, radio-controlled military target towing aircraft." The press have used the word drone in this capacity, to report on the now infamous transparency-lacking military activities of the U.S. Army in Pakistan, where heavily armed Predator UAVs are used to strike sensible targets. But apart from their military use, according to the report, there are "hundreds of different types of small, cheap multi-rotor and fixed-wing UAVs" taking to the skies. And some have the potential to provide images and information a journalist needs.
For instance, the Parrot AR Drone 2.0 is a best-selling commercial model, available in consumer electronic shops for around 270 Euros. It holds two cameras – one with HD quality – and can be controlled via a smartphone or tablet at up to 50 meters range and for 12 minutes of flight. Most civilian drones can quickly fly over a possible newsworthy scenario: there is clear potential for use by journalists and newsrooms. Drones can be used to cover natural disasters, street riots, and major sporting events, or to get access from the sky to isolated or closed areas by adding aerial footage – meaning drones operate as an "effective platform […] for images from above and […] provide new ways of covering stories at ground level," according to the RISJ report.
For instance, back in 2011, AirPano launched a drone over a riot in Bolotnaya Square in Moscow to capture images from the sky. At the same time, an anonymous Polish activist group filmed a riot in Warsaw by using a small RoboKopter. But more recently, even "official" news outlets are beginning to use drones for reporting purposes. For example, the Australian news program 90 Minutes shot documentary footage high above an immigration detention center located on Christmas Island, after its staff were denied access to the area. More recently, FoxSports launched their Foxkopter to film footage over a match of the Twenty20 Big Bash Cricket series in addition to Australian Seven Network TV's Sunday Night, who used drone-reporting for two different stories, including an investigation into the shipbreaking industry in Bangladesh: a UAV filmed several beaches where ships at the end of their useful life were sent to be broken up, destroying the landscape.
It's important to mention how these examples are not "live news gathering," and according to the report, "were produced by considerable planning, conducted in a clearly defined location, [and] contracted out to flight operators with appropriate aviation approvals." But still, flying drones raise a variety of issues. According to the report, the first concern is how drones will be used "journalistically." For instance, flying drones can be used for investigative journalism, allowing flights over locations journalists have been excluded from. This, according to the report, "raises significant ethical and legal issues that would need consideration within newsrooms and the profession and to inform uses that would be made of technologies," including concerns regarding privacy, surveillance, civil liberties, and safety.
For these reasons, according to researchers, "understanding the policy and regulatory environment for unmanned aerial vehicles is crucial for news executives." When using flying drones, media companies and journalists will also have to pay attention to technical regulations issued by authorities ordering the use of airspace, because flying drones are commonly defined as "aircraft," meaning regulations to monitor the use of flying drones is "currently being made in parliaments and administrative agencies," according to the report. In the United Kingdom, for example, the UK Air Navigation Order distinguishes between using drones for recreational purposes or any other purpose, such as shooting video. Similarly in Australia, it is possible to fly a small drone but the use of it to record videos or to take pictures is technically illegal. Regulations for civilian drone use are generally a work-in-progress. Cross-national institutions are discussing flying drone regulations; the European Commission who recently released a report on this topic, and the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) recently updated their rules in order to include civilian use of UAVs in the aviation system and its body of safety rules.
From a regulatory point of view, Australia is one of the most drone-friendly countries in the world. According to the report, Australia introduced the first civil UAV legislation in 2002, when flying drones were not as sensitive a topic as they are now, and "acknowledging that technology advances have rendered these regulations obsolete, Australia's Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA) is now proposing a radical rewrite to the rules that could result in hundreds of small commercially operated UAVs taking to the skies, including those operated by media." Currently, 33 operators in Australia have been granted CASA approval for scientific research, surveying, and aerial photography. So far, the main principle seems to be: "the larger the drone, the more stringent the controls."
Unless the uncertainty surrounding drones increases, RISJ researchers are sure "remotely piloted aircraft will be common in the skies of many nations in the near future because they offer distinct opportunities and advantages to journalism." Probably not by chance, former Wired editor-in-chief Chris Anderson, who left journalism in 2012 to found 3D Robotics, a start-up company specializing in the manufacturing of drones. Anderson, whose company is already selling up to 1000 drones a month, shouldn't be surprised if a majority of his drones end up being parked in front of newsrooms around the world.
Photo Credits: ausdemFF/Flickr CC
Article translated from the original Italian "L'ascesa dei droni giornalisti" by the author
Tags: 3D Robotics, AirPano, civil drones, Commercial drones, Drone Journalism, drones, New technology, Parrot AR Drone 2.0, Reuters Institute, Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism, Robert Piccard
Philip Di Salvo
Philip Di Salvo is a post-doctoral researcher based at the Institute of Media and Journalism of the Università della Svizzera italiana (USI) in Lugano. His main areas of research are whistleblowing, investigative journalism, internet surveillance and the relationship between journalism and hacking. At USI, he also teaches journalism at both the bachelor's and master's levels. Philip received his PhD in Communication Sciences from USI in 2018 with a dissertation on encrypted whistleblowing platforms in journalism. He is also a lecturer at Milan's Nuova Accademia di Belle Arti (NABA). As a freelance journalist, he writes about the social impact of technology for Wired, Motherboard/Vice, Esquire and other publications. Philip obtained a master's degree in Media Management from USI in 2012 and a bachelor's degree in Literature from Milan's Università degli Studi in 2010. He is the Italian editor of the European Journalism Observatory, based at the USI in Lugano.
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Through an ergonomic office chair has transformed into a required part of office residence furnishings for virtually every business where by employees must sit down consecutively for numerous time at any given time. Even though getting an ergonomic chair is unquestionably the first phase to achieving a comfy workplace, an additional essential step to consider after buying is generally to totally know the way every single change capabilities by yourself new ergonomic chair. Regardless how adaptable a chair is, it does not assist the consumer except when it might be appropriately adjusted in order to meet the requirements and has. Should you have pretty recently bought an ergonomic office chair with exceptional adjustments that are beyond the normal chair degree realignment most chairs have regular, it is crucial to totally understand your chair so that you can employ its comprehensive skills and high end prospective. By training yourself throughout the alternatives which come with your office chair, it will likely be easy to correctly change your chair to suit your entire body and you will even discover you to ultimately be happily surprised with a lot more functions you have been not actually aware of when buying. We now have stipulated a number of revolutionary alterations present in really ergonomic office chairs your chair at this time might have or may require, and ways to appropriately take advantage of this adjustments.
Chairs Slider – A sitting slider is often an include-on or perhaps increase for almost all chairs, nonetheless it does can come typical on some ergonomic Autonomous Office Chair. A chair that features a seating slider change is useful to decreased or bigger individuals due to the fact it permits that you ought to enhance or lessen the diploma from your sitting. This is certainly an amazing feature to have got if a number of folks take advantage of the similar office chair to match the various altitudes from your buyers. A seat slider could be considerable typically by tugging right through to a handle positioned specifically below the chairs although at one time yanking the seats out to help make your diploma longer. If you would like a lesser chair education you could possibly move-up concerning the deal with once again and all at once pressure the chair straight into produces the depth lessened. A chair slider is usually best for have on any chair since it enables that you need to possess the correct seat depth to improve your health, without a sitting that is a very long time and reaches the back of your knees or short that the distinct thighs normally tend not to acquire ample guidance.
Environment Lumbar Assistance – Environment lumbar support can be an h2o push which can be area of the decrease portion of the chair's backrest that permits anyone to blow up or deflate the level of help essential for the lumbar area. Simply because of its inspiration, most office chairs usually will not include o2 lumbar assist and may just be located on stylish ergonomic chairs, generally for an upgradable alternative. Air-flow lumbar assist is amazing for those that have difficulties with lumbar pain and would want to hold the capacity to discover the amount of help they are going to receive in the lumbar position. Generally fingers water pump can be acquired over the area of a chair's backrest combined with this pump it is possible to opt for your volume of help. Deflating can be another straightforward task, by merely strenuous a manage option around the water pump motor it will almost certainly instantly return the chair's right returning to its authentic convey.


Bill2's Process Manager is a far going alternative to standard Windows process manager.
Bill2's Process Manager is a completely free software. You can free download and use it as long as you like.
Bill2's Process Manager is a far going alternative to standard Windows process manager. Unlike the Windows process manager this one will not only display or close the applications and finish the processes running on your PC, but also allow you to set the priorities for a program. You will be able to apply rules for a certain program as well as for a group of programs. Bill2's process manager can also automatically lower the priority of a process that is taking too much CPU resourses.
Apart from its numerous advanced, adjustable possibilities the program also provides you with a packet of minor pleasant settings not available in the Windows process manager. For example, you will be able to change the skin of the manager's interface, colors of ruled processes, performances, graphics, and memory usage pie chart.
Moreover, you are allowed to set the program to show the ballon tips while you will be performing certain actions. And this is rather helpfull because, the help file is, unfortunately, only in French for the moment.
easyHDR PRO 1.60.2 EasyHDR is a High Dynamic Range image processing software. It allows you to get your digital photos closer to what you've seen with your own eyes. Say goodbye to unwanted over- and underexposures.
Portable Bill2's Process Manager 3.4.3.0 Portable Bill2's Process Manager is a version of Bill2's Process Manager developed to be able to run from a USB flash drive or any other portable device without leaving any trace in your registry.
Business Process Manager 3.72 Business Process Manager will help you optimize your business plan in being a Project Manager, Service Consultant or Supporter. Fine-tune as many cost-driving parameters as you want. See costs and net profit displayed graphically over 48 months.
MeD's Movie Manager 2.9.1.3 MeD's Movie Manager is a simple to use, yet customizable, movie manager. Info is automatically retrieved from IMDb and tv.com.Technical info can also be retrieved from media files like AVI, OGM, MPEG and DVD (ifo).
- Support for installing Pilotskins, Noseart (PF versions only) and Regiments.
Karen's Zone Manager 1.4 Karen's Zone Manager is a program that can be used to set direct accesses to different time zones on your system. This tool will be of great help for the people who travel a lot and find it difficult to match up with the changing time zones.
Figaro's Password Manager 0.60 Figaro's Password Manager (FPM) is a GNOME application that allows you to securely store & categorize your passwords, which are encrypted using the blowfish algorithm.
S-Energy Manager 2.0 The S-Energy Manager sidebar gadget displays energy consumption data from S-Energy electric meters. S-Energy electric meters are connected via a bus system to S-Energy Managers, an operator panel which shows captured energy data.
Mindset's MySQL Manager 1.0 Mindset's MySQL Manager is a simple MySQL database/table/field management PHP program.


Our voice is our identity.
Women catch courage from women whose lives they hear.
Thank you for supporting our voices, our lives!
And thank you, SBCJC, for providing us a supportive home.
I was in jail for seven months, and with writing inside VT possibly five. If not for your program and your interest in us as people, I would not have made it those last 26 days after losing my Joe. Your work with writing inside VT is nothing less than magnificent. Now that I have a regular paycheck coming in, it is the least I could do to try to give back to the program, and to you, a little of that help.
Ellaraine Lockie is a widely published and awarded poet.


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July 09, 2003 Night & Day Archives » Night & Day
Six-Degree Burns
John Guare's dramathink
By Dennis Brown, Paul Friswold [email protected], John Goddard and Alison Sieloff [email protected]
Lisa Tucker reads from and signs The Song Reader at the Brentwood Borders Thursday.
John Guare was 51 when his astonishing comedy Six Degrees of Separation was first produced. When people asked how long it took him to write the play, the native New Yorker would reply, "Fifty-one years." His answer was less glib than it might sound, for Six Degrees is one of those rare plays that synthesizes a career -- perhaps even a life.
Six Degrees of Separation takes its title from the premise that only six people are required to connect anyone on earth with anyone else; it's the Kevin Bacon joke taken to extremes. When perceptively staged (which means that the actors must not reduce their roles, no matter how facile, into caricatures), its social satire shines as sharply as light from a cut diamond.
Set on Manhattan's Upper East Side, the play centers around Ouisa Kittredge. (Her real name is Louisa, but with typical upper-crust pretension, it has been shorted by one consonant.) Events begin to spiral out of control when Ouisa and her art-dealer husband Flanders attempt to assist a young black man who has been mugged in Central Park. The youth claims to be the son of Sidney Poitier, who is in town to direct a film version of Cats. Ouisa and Flan are seduced by the lure of glamour by association. But then, Ouisa and Flan inhabit a world so removed from reality, it wouldn't surprise us to see them break into a minuet. By evening's end (it's a compact evening, which will run about 90 minutes without intermission) the play escalates into a poignant, if cryptic, dance of death.
Although Six Degrees was the surprise hit of the 1990-91 New York theater season, the play proved to be a little too New York to establish itself as a staple among America's regional theaters. Yet it's a potentially ideal debut offering for the fledgling Stray Dog Theatre, which is mounting it in the Central West End -- precisely the right locale to savor this dazzling comedy of manners (City Studio Dance Center, 4397 Laclede Avenue, Fridays and Saturdays at 8 p.m. and Sundays at 2 p.m. through July 27, 314-531-5923, $12-$15, www.straydogtheatre.org). -- Dennis Brown
Our Mighty Organ
It's not just for Mass anymore
There are few things capable of stymieing the senses in the manner that a full pipe organ does. Never mind that its gargantuan potential for volume can rattle the humors to the brink of carbonation. The full mechanism of the most expansive specimens of the instrument cannot be accommodated by the human field of vision, as there are often more than a thousand pipes involved in the design, some reaching thirty-two feet into the air.
In 1640, Sebastian Kilgen built his first organ in Durlach, Germany, and the secrets of his marvelous craft were passed down through generations until the renowned firm of George Kilgen & Sons made its home in St. Louis in 1873. Perhaps one of the finest examples of the family's handiwork exists in the cavernous sanctuary of the Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis (4431 Lindell Boulevard), and at 3 p.m., Italy's Mario Duella will deftly wrangle sounds large and sweet from the great Kilgen organ. A $5 donation is suggested. For more information, call 314-533-7662. -- John Goddard
Is This Thing On?
Li'l comics = big laughs
THUR 7/10
Kids are inherently funny. They're more observant than adults and less inhibited about what they say, and so they end up saying things that strike adults as outrageously funny, as any doting parent can (and will) tell you. This, combined with their natural cuteness, makes them supremely well-equipped to tackle the world of stand-up and improvised comedy (who could heckle a cherubic, half-size Jerry Seinfeld?). If only there were someone who could focus the natural comedic gifts of children away from the bathroom humor and into insightful social satire. (Or at least help them craft a poop joke that will really make you think.)
Ed Reggi, local improv guru best known for his work with the more grown-up PaperSLIP Theatre, is doing his part to help the young generation of comedians hone their raw skills into polished talent. His COCA Comedy Club Camp teaches kids the basics of joke telling, comedic improv and how to craft a cohesive comedy routine. On Thursday, Reggi's young students will test their comedic chops at the University City Public Library (6701 Delmar Boulevard, 314-727-3150) with a free 2 p.m. performance. Even if you're not a parent of a performer, you'll probably laugh your head off. And besides, it's at the library, so there's no cover charge and no drink minimum. BA-DUMP-BUMP (ching!). -- Paul Friswold
Song Sorceress
Maybe Duran Duran's "Save a Prayer" is stuck in your head, even though you have no idea when you last heard it. According to The Song Reader, a novel by native Missourian Lisa Tucker, your psyche is probably sending you a cryptic message. This Midwestern V.C. Andrews-esque narrative about family, sisters, and coming-of-age in the early '80s suggests the lyrics of a song may mean more than meets the ear. Older sister and "song reader" Mary Beth explains, "Those same words would be ignored if someone tried to just say them to you, but when they're in the music, it's different -- you can't help but open up."
You can meet Tucker, one of Seventeen magazine's "Book Divas" (could we make this up?), at the Brentwood Borders (1519 South Brentwood Boulevard, 314-918-8189) at 7 p.m. for free. Read the book and go see her, so the next time you hum "Save a Prayer" in the shower, you'll know why. -- Alison Sieloff
Tags: Night & Day, Columns, George Kilgen, Lisa Tucker, St. Louis, Ed Reggi
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This weekend, Brendan O'Hara MP and Scottish Government Communities Secretary, Angela Constance MSP paid a visit to Rothesay's newest hotspot, Helmi's Patisserie.
Following the official opening last Sunday, Helmi's Patisserie has been going down a storm with locals.
Within two hours of official trading, Mohamed and Bashar were sold out of their sought after homemade treats and there is no sign of stopping, as queues continued into the weekend.