Hydroxytyrosol is discovered in a form of elenolic acid ester oleuropein in olive leaf and oil. The anti-carcinogenic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects of hydroxytyrosol have been reported in the food, medical, pharmaceutical, and life science fields. But it has not been studied on skin biology field. This study is demonstrated using UVA-induced cellular aging model of human dermal fibroblast.
The cell survival rate was measured using the principle of water-soluble tetrazolium salt-1 assay, which is a measurement method for cell survival rate. The quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to quantitatively analyze the gene expression changes in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) by hydroxytyrosol.
Senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) assay was implemented to dye β-galactosidases (used as a cell aging biomarker) to measure HDF cell aging by UVA.
Hydroxytyrosol decreased the SA-β-galactosidase activity in a dose-dependent manner in UVA-exposed HDFs. Also, the elevated expression of MMP-1 and MMP-3 by UVA were decreased by hydroxytyrosol in a dose-dependent manner. To examine the anti-inflammatory effect of hydroxytyrosol in UV exposed HDFs, the expression of inflammatory interleukins IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 were analyzed. Quantitative RT-PCR showed that hydroxytyrosol decreased the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 gene.
Through this research, we demonstrate that hydroxytyrosol has effects on anti-inflammatory and anti-aging in HDFs damaged by UVA. We suggest that hydroxytyrosol is fully worthy of using as a cosmetic material effective to anti-inflammatory and to delay cellular senescence on HDFs.
Skin aging refers to a phenomenon where cells are unable to be regenerated or function properly as a result of cell loss or functional deterioration (Jones and Rando 2011; Kirkwood 2005). There are various biological, chemical, and physical causes of aging; skin aging as a result of continuous exposure to ultraviolet radiation is referred to as skin photoaging (Fisher et al. 1997; Wenk et al. 2001).
Exposure of the skin to a high level of ultraviolet rays causes direct cytotoxicity and subsequent apoptosis (Netzel et al. 2002). When ultraviolet rays are irradiated onto incubated fibroblast in vitro or living tissues, matrix metallopeptidase (MMP) expression increases and collagen generation decreases; this ultimately damages connective tissues in the dermal skin layer (Brenneisen et al. 2002; Chung et al. 2002; Moon et al. 1992).
Continuous exposure to UVA, which affects a large number of living organisms, not only damages the DNA, but also affects cell survival and growth and induces protein denaturation, pigmentation, and creation of reactive oxygen species (Sinha and Haader 2002). Also, several research findings suggest that UVA and UVB damage DNA and generate reactive oxygen species, inducing apoptosis (Assefa et al. 2005), which directly or indirectly causes an inflammatory response (Bickers and Athar 2006). If such response progresses in the skin for a long time, inflammatory factors are excessively secreted damaging normal tissues and cells, and thereby acting as causative factors for diseases such as cancer, high blood pressure, diabetes, and heart disease (Guzik et al. 2003; Patel et al. 2007). Recently, active researches are conducted on natural effective ingredients and traditional medical substances to treat intractable skin diseases and inhibit inflammatory skin diseases from progressing to their chronic stages. These researches are used as references for the production of cosmeceutical and health supplements (Kim et al. 2013a; Lee and Im 2011).
Olives have been extensively researched and utilized in many fields over the last few years, and besides having antioxidant effects, they also strengthen the immune system and boost the energy levels, and it has been reported that they are effective in treating respiratory diseases and skin wound infections and in relieving cold symptoms (Kitani et al. 2002). Olive leaves are considered as the best polyphenol complex with balanced super polyphenols such as hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol, caffeic acid, and oleuropein (Choi et al. 2008). It has been reported that DHPEA-EDA (hydroxytyrosol), also found in olive oil, is effective in protecting the red blood cells against oxidative damage, in comparison with other ingredients (Fatima et al. 2007). The researches on the inflammatory effects of hydroxytyrosol discuss its anti-cancer effects on colon and breast cancer (Sun et al. 2014; Warleta et al. 2011), its effects on osteoarthritis prevention and neuroprotection, and its inhibitive effects on oxidative stress and infection mediators (Facchini et al. 2014; Cabrerizo et al. 2013). Also, a skin-related study examined the photoprotective and anti-melanin effects of phenol compounds contained in olive leaf (Olea europaea L. var. Kalamata) extract on HaCaT cells (Ha et al. 2009). However, no research has been conducted on hydroxytyrosol as a cosmetic material. This study will examine the applicability of hydroxytyrosol, which contains a variety of bioactive substances, as a cosmetic ingredient, as a research on potential cosmetic ingredients for the further development of the cosmetic industry.
The human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) used in this study were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Corporation (USA). To incubate HDF cells, Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DMEM; Hyclone, USA) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS; Hyclone) and 1% penicillin/streptomycin (100 IU/mL penicillin, 100 μg/mL streptomycin; Invitrogen, USA) was used, and HDF cells were incubated in a cell incubator at 37 °C with 5% CO2.
When hydroxytyrosol (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) was used in a purified (> 90%) liquid state, it was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; Sigma-Aldrich) to achieve an appropriate concentration before use and was added to the medium for pre-processing for 6 h. A UVA lamp (UVP, USA) was used to irradiate UVA on cells, and the UVA wavelength was measured using a fiberoptic spectrometer system USB2000 (Ocean Optics, USA). The culture medium was removed from the cell culture tray, which was subsequently cleansed two times with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4), and 1 mL PBS was added to the cleansed HDFs to prevent the cells from drying before UVA irradiation through the open lid of the cell culture dish. After irradiation, PBS was removed, a new medium was added, and the cells were incubated for 24 h and then used for the experiment.
The cell survival rate was measured using the principle of water-soluble tetrazolium salt-1 (WST-1) assay, which is a measurement method for cell survival rate using formazan dye, generated by the reaction between mitochondrial dehydrogenase and water-soluble tetrazolium salts. After inoculation of HDFs (3 × 103 cells/well) on a 96-well plate and incubation for 24 h, hydroxytyrosol and UVA were treated in adequate concentrations and then cultured for 24 h. Further, 10 μL of the EZ-Cytox cell viability assay kit reagent (It's Bio, Korea) was added to the incubated cells, and 1 h later, the absorbance was measured using a microplate reader (Bio-Rad, USA). This experiment was repeated three times to calculate the mean and standard deviation of the cell survival rate.
The incubated cells were dissolved in the Trizol reagent (Invitrogen, USA), and then 0.2 mL chloroform (Biopure, Canada) was added to react at room temperature. The supernatant fluid containing mRNA and infranatant fluid containing protein were separated by centrifugation for 20 min at 4 °C at 12000 rpm. Then, 0.5 mL isopropanol was added to the supernatant fluid, which was subsequently left to stand at room temperature for 10 min. Afterward, RNA was precipitated through centrifugation at 4 °C at 12,000 rpm, and it was cleansed with 75% ethanol and subsequently dried at room temperature with ethanol removed. RNase-free water was used to dissolve the dry mRNA that was used for the experiment. Nanodrop (Maestrogen, USA) was used to purify the extracted RNA, and only the RNA that exceeded the purity level, namely, a 260/280 nm ratio of 1.8, was used for the experiment. In order to produce cDNA from the extracted RNA, 1 μg RNA and 0.5 ng oligo dT18 were manufactured to total 10 μL in a PCR tube and then processed for 10 min at 70 °C to induce RNA denaturalization. M-MLV reverse transcriptase (Enzynomics, Korea) was used to synthesize cDNA through 1-h reaction at 37 °C.
The quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to quantitatively analyze the gene expression changes in HDFs by hydroxytyrosol. A reaction solution was produced in qRT-PCR by mixing 0.2 μM primers, 50 mM KCl, 20 mM Tris/HCl pH 8.4, 0.8 mM dNTP, 0.5 U Extaq DNA polymerase, 3 mM MgCl, and 1X SYBR green (Invitrogen) in a PCR tube. PCR was carried out using LineGene K (BioER, China). The effectiveness of PCR was verified with a melting curve, and each gene expression was standardized with β-actin's expression for comparative analysis (Table 1).
Senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) assay was implemented to dye β-galactosidases (used as a cell aging biomarker) to measure HDF cell aging by UVA. SA-β-galactosidase assay was incubated for 24 h after HDF (2 × 105 cells/well) incubation for 24 h with the senescence detection kit (Bio vision, USA). Afterward, hydroxytyrosol was treated in the concentrations of 5 and 10 μM and incubated for 24 h after 8 J/cm2 UVA irradiation. The medium was removed from the incubated HDF, which was subsequently cleansed with 1 mL PBS and then added with 0.5 mL fixing solution, and then left at room temperature for 15 min to be immobilized. 0.5 mL mixed staining solution (staining solution 470 μL, staining supplement 5 μL, 20 mg/mL X-gal in dimethylformamide 25 μL) was added to the immobilized HDF to dye the cells through 24-h incubation at 37 °C. Afterward, the dyed cells were cleansed with PBS and measured with an optical microscope (Olympus, Japan) to analyze the ratio of aged cells.
Each independent experiment was repeated three times, and the results were shown in mean ± standard deviations. The findings were verified through unpaired student's t tests and analyzed to be statistically significant when the p value was 0.05 or below.
Hydroxytyrosol was used to treat human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) in the concentrations of 5, 10, 20, and 30 μM to determine the compound's cytotoxicity. As a result, the cell survival rate was 118% at 5 μM, 106% at 10 μM, 97% at 20 μM, and 100% at 30 μM. Therefore, it was concluded that hydroxytyrosol in a concentration of 30 μM or below is not cytotoxic. Therefore, the maximum concentration used for the experiment was 10 μM (Fig. 1).
In aged cells, oxygen free radicals increase, and protein and fat chromosomes are damaged by oxidative stress (Davalos et al. 2010a). Lysosome in normal cells shows β-galactosidase activity at pH 4.0, while that in aged cells shows the same activity at pH 6.0 (Wagner et al. 2001; Lee et al. 2006). Therefore, SA-β-galactosidase assay was used to measure the ratio of aged cells by calculating the numbers of all cells and dyed cells.
As a result, when HDFs were treated neither by hydroxytyrosol nor UVA, the β-galactosidase activity was 1, which rapidly increased to 7 when treated by UVA. Nevertheless, the activity decreased to 4 when treated by UVA after pre-processing of 5 μM hydroxytyrosol for 24 h and to 2.6 when treated by UVA after pre-processing of 10 μM, depending on the hydroxytyrosol concentration (Fig. 2).
MMPs damage structural proteins at the dermis, which contains collagen and elastin, to induce wrinkles (Fagot et al. 2002). When the skin is irradiated by ultraviolet rays, MMP expression increases, leading to skin aging (Oh 2006).
This study examines the effects of hydroxytyrosol on the skin tissues in the dermis through MMP-1 and MMP-3 gene expression changes. MMP-1 expression that has been increased by 3.18 times by UVA consequently decreased by 1.59 and 1.14 times with 5 and 10 μM hydroxytyrosol, respectively, depending on concentration (Fig. 3a). MMP-3 expression is increased by 5.16 times by UVA and consequently decreased to 3.35 and 1.46 times with 5 and 10 μM of hydroxytyrosol, respectively, depending on the concentration (Fig. 3b).
The majority of skin-related diseases are accompanied by inflammation. Chronic inflammation not only aggravates but also accelerates aging (Abu et al. 2009; Shon et al. 2013; Lee et al. 2014). IL-1β is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that intervenes in a variety of inflammatory responses and stimulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis) to play an important role in tumor promotion and progression (Maes 2008).
This study examined how much hydroxytyrosol recovered IL-1β mRNA that had been increased by UVA. IL-1β mRNA in HDFs increased to 2.92 by treatment with UVA of 8 J/cm2. This can be regarded as an increased inflammation by UVA. When hydroxytyrosol was added in concentrations of 5 and 10 μM to the group treated by UVA of 8 J/cm2, IL-1β mRNA decreased to 2.13 and 1.54, respectively (Fig. 4a).
IL-6 is known as a cytokine formed from various cells, and it intervenes in cancer induction through various mechanisms, such as cellular multiplication, cell apoptosis inhibition, and promotion of the conversion from normal cells to cancer stem cells (Berner et al. 1998; Gasche et al. 2011; Hodge et al. 2005; Kim et al. 2013b).
This study examined how much hydroxytyrosol recovered IL-6 mRNA that had been increased by UVA. IL-6 mRNA in HDFs increased to 6.3 by treatment with UVA of 8 J/cm2. This can be regarded as an increased inflammation by UVA. When hydroxytyrosol was added in concentrations of 5 and 10 μM to the group treated by UVA of 8 J/cm2, IL-6 mRNA decreased to 4.09 and 1.96, respectively (Fig. 4b).
IL-8 is an inflammation-inducing chemokine that first reaches the area of tissue damage or microbial infection. It amplifies inflammation by mobilizing neutrophils and basophils to the inflamed part (Bachert et al. 1999).
This study examined how much hydroxytyrosol recovered IL-8 mRNA that had been increased by UVA. IL-8 mRNA in HDFs increased to 3.84 by treatment with UVA of 8 J/cm2. This can be regarded as an increased inflammation by UVA. When hydroxytyrosol was added in concentrations of 5 and 10 μM to the group treated by UVA of 8 J/cm2, IL-8 mRNA decreased to 2.72 and 1.36, respectively (Fig. 4c).
Cell aging generates mitochondria of various forms, reduces endoplasmic reticulum, and modifies Golgi apparatus (Dimri et al. 1995). Aged cells increase in size, granule content, and SA-β-gal activities. In aged cells, the quantity of oxygen free radicals increases, and chromosome in protein and lipid is damaged by oxidative stress (Davalos et al. 2010b). Normal cells show β-galactosidase activity in pH 4.0 of the intracellular lysosome, while aged cells show β-galactosidase activity in pH 6.0 (Wagner et al. 2001; Lee et al. 2006). The aging effects of UVA on human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) were examined using SA-β-galactosidase assay, an aging indicator. As a result, it was confirmed that β-galactosidase activity decreases depending on the increase in hydroxytyrosol concentration (Fig. 2). Therefore, these findings suggest that hydroxytyrosol cannot completely restore cell aging, but it reduces oxidative stress onto aged cells through to subsequently inhibit the progression of aging.
MMPs damage structural proteins of the dermis, containing collagen and elastin, to increase wrinkles and intervene in aging (Fagot et al. 2002). In UV-irradiated skin, MMP expression increased, by which the constituents of skin tissues, including collagen, were intensely decomposed, ultimately leading to skin aging (Oh 2006). MMP-1 (interstitial or fibroblast collagenase) mainly decomposes collagen types 1, 2, and 3, which are the major constituents of atroma, while MMP-3 decomposes a broad array of extracellular matrix (ECM), as well as proteoglycan, laminin, fibronectin, gelatin, and collagen types 3 and 4 (Knauper et al. 1996). Therefore, MMP expression changes confirm the effect on the skin tissues in the dermis to indicate the degree of skin aging. As a result of examining MMP-1 and MMP-3 mRNA expression changes that accelerate wrinkle formation, MMP-1 and MMP-3 mRNA expressions decreased by UVA depending on the concentration of hydroxytyrosol (Fig. 3). This is because collagen decomposition was accelerated by UVA that resulted in skin aging, and hydroxytyrosol reduced MMP-1 and MMP-3 mRNA expressions in a concentration-dependent manner to inhibit wrinkles in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and protect skin from oxidative stress.
IL-1β is known to intervene in various inflammatory responses, and it stimulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis) to play an important role in tumor promotion and progression through secretion of transposable elements and angiogenic factors (Maes 2008). IL-6 is known as a cytokine produced by various cells including T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, neuroepithelial cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts to play an important role in various inflammation diseases, including allergic rhinitis (Suzuki and Ikeda 2002). IL-8 is an inflammation-inducing chemokine that first reaches the area of tissue damage or microbial infection to mobilize neutrophils and basophils to the inflamed area and amplifies the inflammatory response (Bachert et al. 1999). This study examined the IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 gene expression changes by treating the aged human dermal fibroblast by UV with hydroxytyrosol in different concentrations in order to identify the anti-inflammatory effects of hydroxytyrosol. The qRT-PCR technique was used to measure the changes, and it was concluded IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 gene expressions decreased as the concentration of hydroxytyrosol increased (Fig. 4). These findings suggest the positive anti-inflammatory effects of hydroxytyrosol in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) damaged by UVA.
Hydroxytyrosol is found in olive fruit and oil as a major phenolic compound of olive oil. Due to its strong antioxidant effects, it has been studied in the fields of medicine, pharmaceuticals, and food (Poudyal et al. 2017; Lopez and Fonolla 2017; Visioli 2012). However, no study has been found on its effects on the skin. This study used a molecular biological mechanism to propose the applicability of hydroxytyrosol as an anti-aging and anti-inflammatory ingredient.
First, senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA β-Gal) activities were examined as an aging indicator. It was confirmed that when treated, hydroxytyrosol decreased its activity in a concentration-dependent manner and inhibited cell aging (Fig. 2). MMP expression changes affect the skin tissues in the dermis to indicate aging. Therefore, this study confirmed that increased MMP-1 and MMP-3 expressions by UVA (which accelerates wrinkle formations) decreased depending on the concentrations of hydroxytyrosol when treated (Fig. 3). The qRT-PCR technique was used to examine the effects on IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 gene expressions as the pro-inflammatory cytokines that act as a catalyst of inflammatory responses. This study verified that as the concentration of hydroxytyrosol increased, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 gene expressions decreased (Fig. 4). These findings show the anti-inflammatory effects of hydroxytyrosol in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) damaged by UVA.
Resultantly, this study confirmed the anti-aging and anti-inflammatory effects of hydroxytyrosol on the skin cells. Therefore, it will be applicable as an anti-aging and anti-inflammatory cosmeceutical ingredient for future clinical researches of products containing hydroxytyrosol.
MC did all of the research backgrounds such as experiments, data collection, and statistical analysis, and SJ wrote the draft manuscript. Both authors read and approved the final manuscript.


The National Council for Television and Radio Broadcasting has declared content of 15 Russian TV channels that do not meet the requirements of the European Convention on Transfrontier Television and banned their broadcasting in Ukrainian cable networks.
The decision was made by the regulator at a meeting on Thursday.
The following TV channels were removed from the list: Sovershenno Sekretno TV, Kto Est Kto TV, Shanson-TV, Park Razvlecheniy TV, Mir Seriala TV, Auto Plus TV, Kuhnya TV, KHL TV, Nauka 2.0 TV, Moya Planeta TV, Telecafe TV, Boets TV, Vremya: Dalekoye I Blizkoye TV, Nastoyascheye Strashnoe Televideniye NST TV and Sarafan TV.
The monitoring of these TV channels recorded the appearance of famous persons on their lineups who are placed to the list of persons that create a threat to national security. The TV channels also broadcast commercial advertising banned for broadcasting on foreign TV channels in Ukraine if they do not meet the requirements of the European Convention on Transfrontier Television.
Head of the Council Yuriy Artemenko said that the decision will take effect in a month from the moment of its publication.
The press service of the largest cable provider Volia-Cable told Interfax-Ukraine that the company will comply with the decision of the regulator and will try to replace the TV channels from the list (the provider broadcasts 11 of them) as soon as possible.


text:
Downgrade of cardiac defibrillator devices to pacemakers in elderly heart failure patients: clinical considerations and the importance of shared decision-making
H F Groenveld*, J E Coster, D J van Veldhuisen, M Rienstra, Y Blaauw, A H Maass
Cardiovascular Centre (CVC)
Implantable cardioverter defibrillators are implanted on a large scale in patients with heart failure (HF) for the prevention of sudden cardiac death. There are different scenarios in which defibrillator therapy is no longer desired or indicated, and this is occurring increasingly in elderly patients. Usually device therapy is continued until the device has reached battery depletion. At that time, the decision needs to be made to either replace it or to downgrade to a pacing-only device. This decision is dependent on many factors, including the vitality of the patient and his/her preferences, but may also be influenced by changes in recommendations in guidelines. In the last few years, there has been an increased awareness that discussions around these decisions are important and useful. Advanced care planning and shared decision-making have become important and are increasingly recognised as such. In this short review we describe six elderly patients with HF, in whose cases we discussed these issues, and we aim to provide some scientific and ethical rationale for clinical decision-making in this context. Current guidelines advocate the discussion of end-of-life options at the time of device implantation, and physicians should realise that their choices influence patients' options in this critical phase of their illness.
Netherlands Heart Hournal
Published - May-2021
Implantable cardioverter defibrillator
Downgrade
10.1007/s12471-021-01555-wLicence: CC BY
Downgrade of cardiac defibrillator devices to pacemakers in elderly heart failure patientsFinal publisher's version, 963 KBLicence: CC BY
Groenveld, H. F., Coster, J. E., van Veldhuisen, D. J., Rienstra, M., Blaauw, Y., & Maass, A. H. (2021). Downgrade of cardiac defibrillator devices to pacemakers in elderly heart failure patients: clinical considerations and the importance of shared decision-making. Netherlands Heart Hournal, 29, 243-252. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12471-021-01555-w
Groenveld, H F ; Coster, J E ; van Veldhuisen, D J et al. / Downgrade of cardiac defibrillator devices to pacemakers in elderly heart failure patients : clinical considerations and the importance of shared decision-making. In: Netherlands Heart Hournal. 2021 ; Vol. 29. pp. 243-252.
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title = "Downgrade of cardiac defibrillator devices to pacemakers in elderly heart failure patients: clinical considerations and the importance of shared decision-making",
abstract = "Implantable cardioverter defibrillators are implanted on a large scale in patients with heart failure (HF) for the prevention of sudden cardiac death. There are different scenarios in which defibrillator therapy is no longer desired or indicated, and this is occurring increasingly in elderly patients. Usually device therapy is continued until the device has reached battery depletion. At that time, the decision needs to be made to either replace it or to downgrade to a pacing-only device. This decision is dependent on many factors, including the vitality of the patient and his/her preferences, but may also be influenced by changes in recommendations in guidelines. In the last few years, there has been an increased awareness that discussions around these decisions are important and useful. Advanced care planning and shared decision-making have become important and are increasingly recognised as such. In this short review we describe six elderly patients with HF, in whose cases we discussed these issues, and we aim to provide some scientific and ethical rationale for clinical decision-making in this context. Current guidelines advocate the discussion of end-of-life options at the time of device implantation, and physicians should realise that their choices influence patients' options in this critical phase of their illness.",
keywords = "Heart failure, Implantable cardioverter defibrillator, Downgrade",
author = "Groenveld, {H F} and Coster, {J E} and {van Veldhuisen}, {D J} and M Rienstra and Y Blaauw and Maass, {A H}",
journal = "Netherlands Heart Hournal",
publisher = "Bohn, Stafleu, Van Loghum",
Groenveld, HF, Coster, JE, van Veldhuisen, DJ, Rienstra, M, Blaauw, Y & Maass, AH 2021, 'Downgrade of cardiac defibrillator devices to pacemakers in elderly heart failure patients: clinical considerations and the importance of shared decision-making', Netherlands Heart Hournal, vol. 29, pp. 243-252. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12471-021-01555-w
Downgrade of cardiac defibrillator devices to pacemakers in elderly heart failure patients : clinical considerations and the importance of shared decision-making. / Groenveld, H F; Coster, J E; van Veldhuisen, D J et al.
In: Netherlands Heart Hournal, Vol. 29, 05.2021, p. 243-252.
T1 - Downgrade of cardiac defibrillator devices to pacemakers in elderly heart failure patients
T2 - clinical considerations and the importance of shared decision-making
AU - Groenveld, H F
AU - Coster, J E
AU - van Veldhuisen, D J
AU - Rienstra, M
AU - Blaauw, Y
AU - Maass, A H
N2 - Implantable cardioverter defibrillators are implanted on a large scale in patients with heart failure (HF) for the prevention of sudden cardiac death. There are different scenarios in which defibrillator therapy is no longer desired or indicated, and this is occurring increasingly in elderly patients. Usually device therapy is continued until the device has reached battery depletion. At that time, the decision needs to be made to either replace it or to downgrade to a pacing-only device. This decision is dependent on many factors, including the vitality of the patient and his/her preferences, but may also be influenced by changes in recommendations in guidelines. In the last few years, there has been an increased awareness that discussions around these decisions are important and useful. Advanced care planning and shared decision-making have become important and are increasingly recognised as such. In this short review we describe six elderly patients with HF, in whose cases we discussed these issues, and we aim to provide some scientific and ethical rationale for clinical decision-making in this context. Current guidelines advocate the discussion of end-of-life options at the time of device implantation, and physicians should realise that their choices influence patients' options in this critical phase of their illness.
AB - Implantable cardioverter defibrillators are implanted on a large scale in patients with heart failure (HF) for the prevention of sudden cardiac death. There are different scenarios in which defibrillator therapy is no longer desired or indicated, and this is occurring increasingly in elderly patients. Usually device therapy is continued until the device has reached battery depletion. At that time, the decision needs to be made to either replace it or to downgrade to a pacing-only device. This decision is dependent on many factors, including the vitality of the patient and his/her preferences, but may also be influenced by changes in recommendations in guidelines. In the last few years, there has been an increased awareness that discussions around these decisions are important and useful. Advanced care planning and shared decision-making have become important and are increasingly recognised as such. In this short review we describe six elderly patients with HF, in whose cases we discussed these issues, and we aim to provide some scientific and ethical rationale for clinical decision-making in this context. Current guidelines advocate the discussion of end-of-life options at the time of device implantation, and physicians should realise that their choices influence patients' options in this critical phase of their illness.
KW - Implantable cardioverter defibrillator
KW - Downgrade
JO - Netherlands Heart Hournal
JF - Netherlands Heart Hournal
Groenveld HF, Coster JE, van Veldhuisen DJ, Rienstra M, Blaauw Y, Maass AH. Downgrade of cardiac defibrillator devices to pacemakers in elderly heart failure patients: clinical considerations and the importance of shared decision-making. Netherlands Heart Hournal. 2021 May;29:243-252. Epub 2021. doi: 10.1007/s12471-021-01555-w

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The downtown proximity is a major draw, but it won't upstage the modern amenities that makes The Edison Lofts a truly exclusive community. Each detail reflects a smart contemporary approach that falls in sharp contrast to the cookie-cutter designs that dot the suburban landscape.
Wide open apartments, high ceilings, granite countertops, hints of reclaimed wood and well-appointed European finishes. They all reflect a modern sophistication. Inside and out, it's a smart, clean design that has transformed downtown Raleigh.
A manicured garden courtyard and patio swimming pool lie at the center of this thriving community, with a state-of-the-art fitness center, attached, indoor parking, pet facilities as well as a clubhouse and billiard room. The amazing Downtown Raleigh location brings the world to your doorstep, but once you are living in the amazing surroundings of The Edison Lofts, you may never want to leave.


Which member of the "Pirates of the Caribbean" team is so super-nice that he took a break from making the latest movie to appear in person at a school in the London borough of Greenwich to meet a student who had written him a fan letter? The cinematographer Dariusz Wolski? The boom microphone operator Jeffrey A. Humphreys? How about its A-list megastar Johnny Depp, who, BBC News reports, came in character as Jack Sparrow himself?
The student, 9-year-old Beatrice Delap, had written Mr. Depp asking him to lead a mutiny against her teachers (a photograph of that fan letter, which ends with an adorable drawing of a skull and crossbones flag, can be found here at the Web site of The Daily Mail). Mr. Depp instead performed for about 15 minutes and warned Beatrice that a mutiny might get her into trouble.
Our sincerest apologies to any students who were faking illnesses to stay home from school that day.


text:
Children in Heaven; or, Comfort for bereaved parents
Por Edwin Davies (D.D.)
as "an heritage of the Lord;" and feels that they are related to the deepest and purest affections of his heart; God loves them "with an everlasting love," and has environed them by His providence, addressed them in the Bible, and given them into angel charge ; and the World's Redeemer has taken them up in His arms, clasped them to His swelling bosom, bound a wreath of ever-living glory round their young brows, and blessed them; and, what is infinitely beyond all, has died on Calvary's cross to redeem them from perishing!
GATHERED SPRING FLOWERS.
"There is a Reaper whose name is Death,
And, with his sickle keen,
He reaps the bearded grain at a breath,
And the flowers that grow between.
• Shall I have nought that is fair ?' saith he;
• Have nought but the bearded grain ? Though the breath of these flowers is sweet to me,
I will give them all back again.'
He gazed at the flowers with tearful eyes,
He kissed their drooping leaves ;
It was for the Lord of Paradise
He bound them in his sheaves."
Death is in the world: this is as clear as the sun in the sky. It is also equally clear that all, without a single exception, are his intendedly-fated victims, and that it will be an utter impossibility to elude his piercing eye, or avoid the fatal shaft sent from his bow. Sombre, indeed, is the reflection, that whatever be the circumstance of each - whether kings occupying thrones, or beggars sit
ting on dunghills — whether rich or poor, reverenced or despised — we are converging towards one destined point
" And our hearts, though stout and brave,
Still, like muffled drums, are beating
Funeral marches to the grave."
But what seems to add a far deeper melancholy to such a solemn reflection is, that the infant just born into the world, and awoke to life to behold the sunshine of a mother's smile, to listen to a mother's lullaby, and to feel the warm and strong beatings of a mother's heart, should perish prematurely. We can understand, to some extent, why advanced humanity should die. Constituted as it now is, its evergoing machinery naturally wears itself out, and cannot work beyond a given period. It is then for a while dispensed with, whilst the intelligent and deathless spirit soars to immortal regions. It has, as the late Dr. Chalmers beautifully styled it, the Sabbath morning and afternoon of life; the evening shadows then fall, and the night of death sets in upon it. But it seems a strange mystery why nature's fairest spring flowers should be so early blasted by the cold
breath of the Destroyer. "Reason here is all perplexity; philosophy is nonplussed; and science dumb-founded." Death itself is an enigma, which becomes more profound in the exit of little children.
It is an essential point to consider first why death is in the world at all; for such a consideration will doubtless elucidate a great portion of the mystery associated with the death of infants, and facilitate our endeavour to arrive at just and scriptural views of this sad theme.
Various theories have obtained amongst different classes of thinkers concerning death. Some have spoken of it as a part of that necessary discipline which the Governor of the World exerciseth over the entire human family, the benefits of which are to be seen only at the resurrection. Others have represented it as " the debt of nature," which, when paid, mankind are free from all future evil. The naturalist states our mortality-as he does our sorrows to be the absolute and unerring result of nature's fixed laws, which are like the unalterable decrees of the Medes and Persians. He avers that it is man's destiny to die—that he was constituted expressly to die. Jeremy
Taylor propounds a theory in some respects not unlike this, and maintains that "that death which God threatened to Adam, and which passed upon his posterity, is not the going out of this world, but the manner of going." This is the least objectionable theory of the three named. But we think the Bible teaches a far different philosophy of death : and though its doctrine brings human pride down to the dust, we prefer it a thousand-fold to the theories fabricated by erring man. In his peculiarlynervous style, St. Paul—the prince of apostolic writers—unfolds the whole subject in a few inspired words:—"By one man sin entered into the world, and death by sin; and so death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned."— Rom. v. 12. In the Bible, then, death is declared expressly to be the "wages of sin." This puts an end to all controversy on this sombre question. It is temporal punishment on the guilty violaters of God's righteous law. Divine vengeance has smitten humanity with a fatal plague, which is constantly sweeping off the earth-to the darkness, and silence, and corruption of the tomb—the beauty, the intelligence, and the life of myriads. It has


The Pipe Line Contractors Association (PLCA) has named Jared Shuler President of Associate Members. A PLCA member for the past nine years, Shuler, who previously served as the association's senior vice president of pipeline contract services, will serve in his new role for a term of two years. The President of Associate Members position is voted on by all regular and current members of the PLCA.


text:
College kids accused of firing BB guns at trick-or-treaters
Police have accused six college students of firing BB guns at trick-or-treaters in an eastern Nebraska community.The York New-Times reports that no serious injuries were reported by police in York, but one parent says at least three of the children were struck on Halloween night. York Police Chief Ed Tjaden (JAYE'-duhn) says the children reported being yelled at and shot. A vehicle suspected of carrying the college students was spotted at York College, and it contained a receipt for one BB gun. Police say more BB guns used had been stolen from a local retailer. The college students also are accused of shooting out two vehicle windows. The six have not been formally charged yet.
YORK, Neb. —
Police have accused six college students of firing BB guns at trick-or-treaters in an eastern Nebraska community.
The York New-Times reports that no serious injuries were reported by police in York, but one parent says at least three of the children were struck on Halloween night.
York Police Chief Ed Tjaden (JAYE'-duhn) says the children reported being yelled at and shot. A vehicle suspected of carrying the college students was spotted at York College, and it contained a receipt for one BB gun. Police say more BB guns used had been stolen from a local retailer.
The college students also are accused of shooting out two vehicle windows. The six have not been formally charged yet.


1.1.1 individual standard of bespoke courses at DesiChristou.com and the Customer s premises.
1.2 All Charges quoted by DesiChristou.com are valid for a period of ninety (90) days unless otherwise specified.
study materials, the Customer agrees that cleared funds must have been received by DesiChristou.com.
courses for the benefit of its Customers without notice to the Customer.
nominate a reasonable alternative venue and will advise the Customer of this.
control, including in particular, but not limited to, illness of lecturing staff.
paid by the Customer, or at the Customer soption apply the moniesto a re scheduled, or alternative course.
the event that any course is cancelled or rescheduled.
clause 2.4, register any number of its employees on any training courses given during the said specified period.
number which DesiChristou.com will quote on the invoice.
then standard commercial policy, based on the number of course places selected by the Customer.
the discount level will be adjusted to reflect the actual number of course places taken by the Customer.
DesiChristou.com will apply a credit to the Customer saccount.
expiry of each periodic contract.
contract, and charges will be levied in accordance with clause 6.
given for the installation of computer and other equipment.
where the same is caused by the negligence of DesiChristou.com.
5.2.1 the Customer will analyse and determine its requirements for the course.
in writing to DesiChristou.com prior to any development work being carried out.
invoice pursuant to clause 6.4.
variation and any consequential amendments have been recorded in writing.
apply. Clause 4 will apply to bespoke coursesgiven on the Customer s premises.
Purchase Order, Cheque, Bank Transfer or Credit Card.
in the event of any further expense incurred.
thirty (30) days of date of invoice.
the unpaid amount or part thereof.
customer. They cannot be used to purchase courses after this period.
7.1.1 the attendance of any employee on any course.
pay the same within thirty (30) days of receipt of DesiChristou.com s invoice.
cancellation, and the number of Course Places cancelled can be transferred free of charge to a later date.
1. Pre course materials that have been issued cannot be refunded under any circumstance.
future date or alternative course.
reasonable skill and care in the preparation and presentation of its courses and courses supplied under clause 5.
course or hire of facilities out of which the loss and damage has arisen.
carrying out courses, or the hire of facilities.
data), howsoever arising, even if it has been advised of the possibility of such potential loss.
be brought by either party more than two years after the cause of action has been accrued.
unacceptable and detrimental to the objectives of the course. If this occurs DesiChristou.com will not refund any fees.
One verbal warning will be given to the delegate in these circumstances.
for running the Customer sown courses unlessthe expressand written permission of DesiChristou.com is gained .
within 14 days of a notice calling upon it to do so.
11.1.2 has an order made or resolution passed for its winding up.
11.1.3 becomes insolvent or unable to pay its debts as they fall due.
11.1.4 has a receiver or similar officer appointed.
11.1.5 ceases to or threatens to cease to carry on business.
them and supersedes any and all prior agreements, discussions, understandings, representations or promises.
by authorised signatories of both parties on or after the date of this contract.
party except that assignments to associated companies of DesiChristou.com are permitted.
full force and effect of the remainder of them will not be prejudiced.
explosion, accident, industrial dispute or any other cause beyond its reasonable control.
other after the date of this contract.
The following terms and conditions relate to any 1-1 Sessions booked with DesiChristou.com.
[You [the client] SHALL attend YOUR sessions ON TIME AND AS AGREED WITH THE TRAINER. YOU [THE CLIENT] undertake TO COMPLETE YOUR homework tasks.
You [the client] ACKNOWLEDGE THAT YOU understand THAT coaching ASSISTS many people. However, YOU ACKNOWLEDGE THAT no guarantees ARE GIVEN as to the outcome of any therapy or coaching.
You [the client] ACKNOWLEDGE that no refunds are issued under any circumstances.
You [the client] ACKNOWLEDGE that it is important for you to complete the full number of session(s) and homework tasks set in order to achieve YOUR OBJECTIVES.
You [the client] AGREE that cancellations with less than 24 hours notice will be charged at 100% full session fee. If you have paid in advance, YOU ACKNOWLEDGE that ANY SESSION CANCELLED WITH LESS THAN 24 HOURS NOTICE will be CHARGED.
agreed and accepted our Terms & Conditions.
All client information supplied during your 1-1 session is kept strictly completely confidential and for internal use only unless you make a specific request for someone else to be informed such as a parent, spouse or a doctor.
required to give your full name and address and that of your family doctor. Any information such as email address collected from the website will be simply for my use in communicating with you and will not be supplied to a third party. You can send me an email via the website but my email address is not listed on the website to avoid spam.


06:44 PM - Sabis mom mentioned Sunsilver in post Please Help!!
12:53 PM - Sabis mom mentioned Sunsilver in post have you heard about throwback DDR?
05:08 PM - Fodder mentioned Sunsilver in post West German Showlines & Czech/DDR Working Lines?
12:11 PM - CometDog mentioned Sunsilver in post Why A GSD ?
03:41 PM - Fodder mentioned Sunsilver in post Best way to take pills or powders?
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04:47 PM - mkculs quoted Sunsilver in post My moment of being down.
07:25 PM - Thecowboysgirl quoted Sunsilver in post Craziest training method/advice you've heard?
03:55 PM - Sunsilver quoted Sabis mom in post Craziest training method/advice you've heard?
12:02 PM - germanshepowner quoted Sunsilver in post Should I let her go through 1 or 2 heat cycles?
09:55 AM - Kazel quoted Sunsilver in post Should I let her go through 1 or 2 heat cycles?
04:15 AM - germanshepowner quoted Sunsilver in post Should I let her go through 1 or 2 heat cycles?
12:29 AM - germanshepowner quoted Sunsilver in post Should I let her go through 1 or 2 heat cycles?
10:23 PM - Sunsilver quoted Fodder in post Is my puppy a mix?
08:22 AM - Sunsilver quoted MissChloe in post So what breeds of dogs do you have?


text:
Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research
A National Center for Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering
Technology R&D Projects
i2i Workshop
Radiology Research Forum
Postdoctoral Fellow in Rapid Morphologic and Quantitative MRI
Our Center invites applications for a postdoctoral fellowship focused on the development of rapid morphologic and quantitative MRI methods.
We are looking for a self-driven, creative, and interactive scientist who is strongly motivated to acquire new skills and to perform interdisciplinary research. Preferred qualifications include:
PhD or MD/PhD with experience in magnetic resonance imaging
solid background in MR physics or biomedical engineering
knowledge of deep learning, pulse sequence programming, and optimal control theory is a plus
CAI2R (pronounced care) comprises approximately 150 full-time personnel dedicated to imaging research, development, and clinical translation. Our team is diverse and highly collaborative. We work in interdisciplinary, matrixed teams that include engineers, scientists, clinicians, technologists, and industry experts.
Joining our team means becoming part of a diverse community that values cross-pollination of ideas, celebrates creativity, and nurtures an environment conducive to breakthrough innovations.
Learn more about our mission, our research, and our team.
The Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R) is supported by the NIH and operated by the department of radiology at NYU Langone Health.
Learn more about our research facilities.
Timeline, Salary, and Benefits
The position is for two years, contingent on performance, and pay is commensurate with experience. NYU Langone Health offers competitive salary and benefits.
We are committed to diversity and inclusion in all aspects of recruitment and employment. All qualified individuals are encouraged to apply and will receive consideration without regard to race, color, gender, gender identity or expression, sexual orientation, national origin, age, religion, creed, or disability.
Email a cover letter, CV, and list of publications to Riccardo Lattanzi, PhD at Riccardo.Lattanzi@nyulangone.org.
To Inquire
To inquire about this position, email Riccardo Lattanzi, PhD. Inquiries are welcome and will receive prompt replies.
NCBIB Components
Training & Dissemination
Resources (Dissemination)
National Centers for Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering
Radiology Research at NYU Langone Health
Biomedical Imaging & Technology PhD Training at NYU Grossman School of Medicine
Medical Track Data Science PhD Program at NYU Center for Data Science
Office of Science and Research on Inside Health
Radiology Research Wiki (onsite or via VPN)
Philanthropic Support
We gratefully acknowledge generous support for radiology research at NYU Langone Health from Bernard and Irene Schwartz and The Big George Foundation.
660 First Avenue
© 2014-2022 Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R). All rights reserved. This content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health, NYU Langone Health, or New York University.
CAI2R is a National Center for Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NCBIB) supported by the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB) under award number P41EB017183.
Feedback about this website can be directed to Pawel Slabiak at pawel.slabiak@nyulangone.org.


text:
Bulloch
Wayne Local Government
Delvis Dutton Qualifies for House District 157 – Tattnall, Evans & Wayne Counties
Dutton qualifies for State House Seat 157
Jessica Szilagyi
Delvis Dutton has announced his intent to run for State House in District 157, serving Tattnall, Evans, and a portion of Wayne counties. He qualified at the state Capitol in Atlanta just after 10:00 A.M. Friday. The Tattnall County businessman pledged to run a campaign focused on fiscal responsibility, ethics and transparency, and a platform dedicated to the needs of the people of the district.
Dutton said after qualifying, "When I previously served in the legislature, I was committed to being a responsible steward of our tax dollars while leading a caucus of legislators in restoring our rights, fighting harmful legislation, and ensuring our district was well-represented. I have a proven track record of fighting for the 157th, regardless of the political cost."
"After seeing the representation our district has received over the last four years, our state representative voting for the largest tax increase in state history, casting votes while hundreds of miles from the House chamber, and, most recently, voting to increase his own retirement benefits, I see no other option but to return to the legislature to offer the conservative values this district desires and deserves. I never have and never will put personal gain ahead of the people I serve," he said.
Dutton served in the State House from 2010 to 2014 and served on the House Committees on Banks & Bankings, Natural Resources, Juvenile Justice, and Motor Vehicles.
Dutton will face the Bill Werkheiser in the Republican Primary on May 22.
Jessica Szilagyi is a former Statewide Contributor for AllOnGeorgia.com.
Nimmer Votes to Increase His Retirement Benefits
Wayne Co. Sheriff Endorses Brian Kemp for Governor


text:
package com.vaadin.tests.components;

import java.util.Date;

import com.vaadin.event.FieldEvents.BlurListener;
import com.vaadin.event.FieldEvents.FocusListener;
import com.vaadin.ui.AbstractDateField;
import com.vaadin.ui.Button;
import com.vaadin.ui.Button.ClickEvent;
import com.vaadin.ui.Button.ClickListener;
import com.vaadin.ui.CheckBox;
import com.vaadin.ui.ComboBox;
import com.vaadin.ui.Label;
import com.vaadin.ui.Layout;
import com.vaadin.ui.NativeButton;
import com.vaadin.ui.TextField;
import com.vaadin.ui.VerticalLayout;
import com.vaadin.v7.ui.OptionGroup;

public class FocusAndBlurListeners extends TestBase {

    private VerticalLayout messages = new VerticalLayout();

    private FocusListener focusListener = event -> {
        Label msg = new Label(
                new Date() + " Focused " + event.getComponent().getCaption());
        messages.addComponentAsFirst(msg);
    };

    private BlurListener blurListener = event -> {
        Label msg = new Label(
                new Date() + " Blurred " + event.getComponent().getCaption());
        messages.addComponentAsFirst(msg);
    };

    @Override
    protected void setup() {
        Layout l = getLayout();

        TextField tf = new TextField("TextField");
        l.addComponent(tf);

        AbstractDateField<?, ?> df = new TestDateField("DateField");
        l.addComponent(df);

        ComboBox<String> cb = new ComboBox<>("ComboBox");
        l.addComponent(cb);

        Button btn = new Button("Button");
        l.addComponent(btn);

        NativeButton nbtn = new NativeButton("NativeButton");
        l.addComponent(nbtn);

        CheckBox chkb = new CheckBox("CheckBox");
        l.addComponent(chkb);

        OptionGroup og = createOptionGroup("OptionGroup");
        og.setMultiSelect(false);
        l.addComponent(og);

        final OptionGroup ogm = createOptionGroup("OptionGroup (multiselect)");
        ogm.setMultiSelect(true);
        l.addComponent(ogm);

        btn.addClickListener(new ClickListener() {

            private int i;

            @Override
            public void buttonClick(ClickEvent event) {
                ogm.addItem("newItem" + i++);
            }
        });

        tf.addFocusListener(focusListener);
        tf.addBlurListener(blurListener);
        df.addFocusListener(focusListener);
        df.addBlurListener(blurListener);
        cb.addFocusListener(focusListener);
        cb.addBlurListener(blurListener);
        btn.addFocusListener(focusListener);
        btn.addBlurListener(blurListener);
        nbtn.addFocusListener(focusListener);
        nbtn.addBlurListener(blurListener);
        chkb.addFocusListener(focusListener);
        chkb.addBlurListener(blurListener);
        og.addFocusListener(focusListener);
        og.addBlurListener(blurListener);
        ogm.addFocusListener(focusListener);
        ogm.addBlurListener(blurListener);

        l.addComponent(messages);
    }

    private OptionGroup createOptionGroup(String caption) {
        OptionGroup og = new OptionGroup(caption);
        og.addItem("Option 0");
        og.addItem("Option 1");
        og.addItem("Option 2");
        return og;
    }

    @Override
    protected String getDescription() {
        return "Testing blur and focus listeners added in 6.2";
    }

    @Override
    protected Integer getTicketNumber() {
        return null;
    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Prevent access to a smartcapture survey in SFMC I would like to know if it is possible to prevent that a single person complete twice or more times a survey built using Smart Capture in a Cloud Page.

A: The easiest way I have found to do this is to pass a primary key from email to survey page, then do a lookup to the receiving DE and see if it has already been submitted. For example you can do a 'SurveyID' which could be filled by random chars via GUID().
For Example: https://www.yoursurvey.com?sid=8934893-343234-343
Which would be created via: CONCAT('https://www.yoursurvey.com?sid=', @SurveyID) with @SurveyID being filled by: SET @SurveyID = GUID() and then inserted into a 'SurveyResultsDE'
Then you would need a field inside of the DE called 'Submitted' - I usually have this be a date and have it fill in with NOW() inside the form.
For example: <input type="hidden" name="Submitted" value="%%=NOW()=%%" />
You then do a lookup on your survey page to see if 'Submitted' has a value already or not.
SET @alreadysubmitted = Lookup('yourSurveyDE', "Submitted", "SurveyID", @SurveyID)
Then you will do a conditional to see if Submitted contains a value or not.
IF NOT EMPTY(@alreadysubmitted) THEN {{already submitted content}} ELSE {{survey form content }} ENDIF
This will let you determine if they have already submitted or not and display content accordingly.
I usually also include something for if there is no pkey in the URL passed. But that is up to you.
Also make sure to make the pkey non editable in times where it is passed.

A: In your Data Extension where you store the results, make sure you also save the SubscriberKey and Completed (TRUE/FALSE) values.
On the SmartCapture form you store the SubscriberKey as unique variable and the Completed value as TRUE. Essentially saving information who actually completed your Survey.
On the Cloud Page where you have the SmartCapture form, add a small AMPScript snippet to check your Data Extension for the Completed value via LookUp, if it's True - then redirect Contact to somewhere else instead.
%%[
VAR @Key, @Email, @Status
SET @Key = RequestParameter("Key")
SET @Email = RequestParameter("Email")
SET @Status = Lookup('FormAnswers', "Completed", "Key", @Key)
IF @Status == "True" THEN
%%=Redirect('http://google.com')=%%
ENDIF
]%%

For an example I would advise to set up a new Cloud Page for this matter, something that says:

Thank You, you have already submitted your response.

Or you can also send to your company home-page or anywhere else for that matter.
You can also display the previously submitted answers in the form and lock the page with SSJS if you don't like the idea of redirecting though.
To redirect user to a Cloud Page with some attributes 'attached' with the link, use CloudPagesURL() in your Email. Here's an example where you need to replace XXX with your Cloud Page ID:
%%[
VAR @Email, @Key
SET @Key = AttributeValue("_subscriberkey")
SET @Email = AttributeValue("emailaddr")
]%%

%%=RedirectTo(CloudPagesURL(XXX,'Email',@Email,'Key',@Key))=%%

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
From Our House to Yours
TOGETHER WE CAN AND WE WILL
TOGETHER WE CAN AND WE WILLTOGETHER WE CAN AND WE WILLTOGETHER WE CAN AND WE WILL
Giving back through life-changing experiences.
Our amazing team of regulars and part-time volunteers are committed to helping others. We take our convictions and turn them into action. Think you would be a good fit? Get in touch for more information!
Seeing a need for energetic, nonprofit work in this area, we formed our organization to provide sensible solutions. We've consistently grown since then, all thanks to the helping hands of this amazing community!
The mission of The Trigg House Inc. is to give foster children who are about to become emancipated from the state foster care system the resources needed to help them make a smooth transition into the real world and independent living.
Trigg House Funding
Giving is just not about making a donation, it's about making a difference.
Your tax deductible support and contributions will enable Trigg House to meet our goals and improve conditions. Your generous donation will fund our mission. Help fund our mission by donating to Trigg House below.
Upcoming Fundraisers
Sign Up for Our Upcoming Virtual Block Party!
Contribute to the Trigg House/Mind Over Matter Collaborative
Unfortunately, this event has been postponed. A new date will be announced soon. In the meantime, please feel free to contribute to our mission of helping Youth impacted by foster care during COVID.
The Goal for this collaboration is $100,000. Help us exceed our goal to help displaced teenaged girls who are aging out of the foster care system.
Collaborations 2020
CauseWeCareNow ❤ Harlem Emergency Aid Response Team (HEART) - Covid-19 Relief Appeal
HELP US FEED THE DOCTORS & MEDICAL STAFF WHO ARE SAVING LIVES!
"In times like these, it takes a village, and the village of Harlem needs our help!"
Our universal message is, it's up to us to take care of our community that is presently under fire, by taking care of those on the frontlines. The time and the need is now!
Standing at the center of the Global COVID-19 pandemic, is America's most iconic African-American neighborhood! While the rapid spread of COVID-19 is bringing out the best in the community and emergency response teams in Harlem, it also presents real challenges for those who are risking their own lives every day to keep our community safe.
We recognize that our community-based healthcare system is already strained, and now the strain is magnified due to the rapid spread of COVID-19, which health experts warn hasn't even reached its peak. It is more critical than ever that we ban together to support the men and women who are fighting on the front lines of this war on coronavirus.
What started out as a plan to support and feed the first responders on the frontline at Harlem Hospital has now expanded and is becoming mobile.
Please join organizers of this grassroots effort, CauseWeCareNow HEART, Austria Rodriguez, Cathleen Trigg Jones, Esi Eggleston Bracey, Lori Davis West, and Rae Wright Allen, MD, by making a Tax-Deductible donationto not only show our doctors, nurses, and emergency response teams & the entire community of Harlem how much we care about them but to expand our efforts by taking our model to 9 additional cities in the United States with the goal of raising $100K or $10K in each city. We need to sow and take this model to all cities!
We cannot stand in silence! So, help us build a pathway to engage other people in other communities around the United States.
Target Cities include:
· New York, NY
· Chicago, IL
· Detroit, MI
· Birmingham, AL
· Newark, NJ
· New Orleans, LA
· Los Angeles, CA
· Philadelphia, PA
· Gary, IN
· Cleveland, OH
The money raised will be used to provide meals and aid to emergency room staff, as well as help keep local community restaurants in business during this difficult economic time. All it takes is $10,000 to feed an emergency room staff for 10 days.
Our goal is to continue to support at-risk communities throughout this difficult time. We need everyone to "lean in" and help this initiative move upstream and evolve from community to community.
Funds raised from this campaign will be managed by Trigg House, Inc., a 501(c)3 not-for-profit organization founded in 2006. Trigg House has agreed to match the 1st $5000 raised.
"We are in this together, and we will get through it together"
Click on the "Donate Now" button below to donate to this initiative.
Our Latest Mission
Copyright © 2021 Trigg House Inc. - All Rights Reserved.


Garage punk had been simmering away just below the surface in New Zealand for much of the 1990s. Around the country, bands like the Hi-Tone Destroyers in Christchurch and Nothing At All! in Auckland were steadily gaining momentum.
But it was Wellington's The Hasselhoff Experiment who really kicked out the jams, catching the crest of garage's latest wave when, after a mere six months together, they fired their opening salvo with the self-release of their 1998 eponymous debut.
The increasing popularity of electronic music in the 90s saw the closure of many live venues throughout the country and diminished the popularity of rock music. All this only served to make The Hasselhoff Experiment's revival of rock's primordial underbelly more exciting.
Stripped back to the basics of guitar, vocals and drums, live performances by the duo presented a spectre of understated intensity.
Stripped back to the basics of guitar, vocals and drums, live performances by the duo presented a spectre of understated intensity: guitarist and singer Andrew Tolley's gangly frame looming over his microphone, barking out lyrics while his guitar hung somewhere down below his knees.
Meanwhile, beside him at the front of the stage, drummer Brendan Moran suffered over his simplified kit, head bowed as if burdened near the limits of his strength. The Hasselhoff Experiment never made it look easy. But it was these qualities combined with an absence of unnecessary posturing that aroused and impressed audiences.
In was no surprise that The Hasselhoff Experiment could emerge so fully formed. Both Moran and Tolley had come to the band as veterans of the Wellington scene. Tolley had played in Hustler and Jawload, both of whom had toured nationally with Shihad and Head Like A Hole while Moran had been in Dome and Cattle. The pair had previously played together in Sowpuss and following that band's demise, formed The Hasselhoff Experiment in 1997.
The first six months were typified by perfecting their craft as a live band. "We played a fair bit in Welly," says Tolley, in his typically modest and understated manner, "with everyone we could: metal bands, Flying Nun bands, indie bands … mainly at old Bodega and Hole in the Wall." This rigorous road testing of material meant that by October 1997 the band was able to spend two days at Inca Productions (located in an old BNZ bank vault) with Mike Gibson and walk away with a completed record.
Opting to maintain creative control, The Hasselhoff Experiment self-released the album in 1998 on Andrew Tolley's Kato label. In a move that was both a clear artistic and aesthetic statement, the album was pressed to vinyl: a bold and unusual occurrence in the CD-saturated 90s.
1998 would prove to be a watershed year for The Hasselhoff Experiment. Proactively, the band cast their net wider by playing shows outside of Wellington. It was their appearances in Auckland in particular that made waves, successfully winning over fans and fellow musicians alike in that city's larger scene. Ultimately they attracted the attention of Flying Nun's Paul McKessar.
Throughout the year, the band's presence steadily increased, thanks not only to their potent music and touring but also through the efforts of their talented manager, Angela Means. The B-Nets proved especially supportive, not just through airplay but also by naming The Hasselhoff Experiment "Best New Act" at the 1998 B-Net Awards. The pair also graced the cover of October's NZ Musician and made numerous television appearances on music shows, including Space, Ground Zero and the Havoc Show.
Even at low speed, the velocity was sufficient to send Tolley, the cameraman and sound engineer flying across the flatbed.
Mikey Havoc, then at a peak of his media presence, was a particular advocate of the band. In an effort to irritate the retirees of Orewa, Havoc suggested the band play on the back of a flatbed truck while cruising the streets of that quiet beachside town. However, things did not go according to plan: in an episode Tolley describes as "Keystone Cops" while turning through a roundabout a PA speaker fell from the truck, smashing to pieces on the road. Noticing this, the driver instinctively braked. Even at low speed, the velocity was sufficient to send Tolley, the cameraman and sound engineer flying across the flatbed, narrowly avoiding impaling themselves on Moran's drum hardware.
By 1999, Moran had relocated to Auckland while Tolley remained in Wellington. As a result, production of their sophomore effort Always Outnumbered Always Outgunned (a reference to Walter Mosley's crime novel of the same name) was split between Inca Productions in Wellington with Mike Gibson and The Lab in Auckland with Matthew Heine (S.P.U.D/Solid Gold Hell) at the controls.
The album was again issued on vinyl, pressed at Corduroy Records in Melbourne, maintaining the band's sonic aesthetic while Flying Nun released a CD edition, catering to those who no longer owned a record player.
The Hasselhoff Experiment's dedication to live performance continued throughout their career. Extensive national touring reached as far south as Invercargill and many parts in between. When on the road, the band often enjoyed the company of Palmerston North's The Flamin' Werepigs but were not averse to playing second fiddle to more established acts like HLAH. Their reputation as a great live act saw them open for international acts Jesus Lizard, Bob Log III, Tomahawk and The Jon Spencer Blues Explosion.
Their reputation as a great live act saw them open for international acts Jesus Lizard, Bob Log III, Tomahawk and The Jon Spencer Blues Explosion.
While enthusiastically embraced in New Zealand, Australia would prove less welcoming for The Hasselhoff Experiment. An initial showcase at a suburban bar in Melbourne at the turn of the century was disappointing. Returning a year later, the band played around Melbourne more extensively, including a gig with Rowland S. Howard. It was at this show that the band's sound engineer James Woods (now the bassist in Beastwars) incurred the wrath of the venue management. A difference of opinion over volume was met with stubborn insistence that there would be no compromise on Wood's behalf, lest he do the band a great disservice. The venue packed out and come showtime, Woods pushed his luck and the PA. His instincts were right and the show proved to be The Hasselhoff Experiment's best across the Tasman.
If the first half of The Hasselhoff Experiment's history can be characterised as meteoric, then it is of little surprise that 2000 saw a change in pace. Andrew Tolley finally relented and moved to Auckland. However, the transition proved more difficult than expected, causing distractions (such as finding employment) that weakened his focus on the band. Similarly, Brendan Moran was now drumming with The Subliminals, which, while not causing any interpersonal friction, was effectively dividing his time.
Furthermore, Moran was keen to relocate with his partner to the USA and make a go of the band there. But Tolley found he lacked the enthusiasm for such a venture and his interest in the band was not what it had been. Compounding this was the growing unarticulated suspicion that the band had fully explored the limits of the two-piece formula.
While the record may have been unsatisfactory, it was accompanied by one of just two videos that The Hasselhoff Experiment made. Directed by Back Of The Y's Chris Stapp and Matt Heath, 'Drag Racer' was an excellent pairing of the band's garage DIY aesthetic with the filmmakers' totally absurd B-grade visual effects and gags.
The final live appearance, at bFM's Summer Series in early 2002, was a lesson in disorganisation.
Symptomatic of the band's diminishing momentum, the final live appearance, at 95bFM's Summer Series in early 2002, was a lesson in disorganisation. Owing to Moran's generous nature, the components of his drum kit had been lent out all over town. Lacking a vehicle or the ability to drive, Moran waited patiently for Tolley to arrive to commence collection. This proved time consuming. Arriving literally minutes before their set time, the band received a frosty reception from event organisers. Perhaps motivated by frustration, a blistering set resulted but true to cliché the writing was on the wall.
By mid-2002, Moran had finally departed for the USA and The Hasselhoff Experiment effectively ground to a halt. When he returned to New Zealand, there were sporadic reunion shows during 2007 to 2009 but the band never quite recaptured their initial drive or enthusiasm. Ultimately, Moran made the decision to curtail his musical activities in favour of a fine arts degree. Andrew Tolley has continued to organise shows and make music in numerous guises since then.
Like comedy, in music, timing is everything. The Hasseloff Experiment emerged at just the right time to encapsulate a particular moment in New Zealand music. While they were not alone in their appreciation of garage punk, their stripped back and DIY approach distinguished them as a unique. Even as a hard and abrasive band, they still achieved a high degree of success over a small period. While their successors such as The D4 and The Datsuns were able to gain a broader appeal, The Hasselhoff Experiment left an indelible mark. In essence, they were pivotal in drawing attention to and opening a new vein of New Zealand independent rock music distinct from the Dunedin sound.


These guys are great! I have been going to Hometown for years. The car I had, prior to my new auto, had been there many time for repairs. Hometown always tells you exactly what needs to be done!!!! With my new vehicle it's been the same thing. I was there on 5/26 for an issue with the brakes. They could have said, you need rear brakes and charged me. They did not. They told me, the brakes were fine, and what I was feeling was a vibration caused by the rotors. Nothing need be done at this time unless I wanted to change them. There was no danger, nor were the brakes in danger of failure.
Great service, great work, and great people. Also the waiting area is comfortable with coffee and wifi.
Excellent staff , unique services... the best of the best.
Once again extremely satisfied with the thorough diagnostics, repairs and all testing. Satisfaction of all services at Hometown Garage is always. guaranteed !!!
I've been working in Burlington for 7 years and bringing my vehicle(s) to these guys the whole time. I lucked out finding this awesome lace based on Yelp reviews and couldn't be happier. With the exception of one oil change, and some welding I needed done on an old exhaust, every service and repair has been done here and I have zero complaints.
As always I,m treated well with everything explained beforehand. My last visit I was greeted by an unexpected surprise..... My bill was lower than estimated even after I made the repair worse trying to fix it myself first !!
Everyone was very friendly and I'm so happy they had a nice place to wait in (couches and coffee!) Service was prompt and you can tell no one is there to swindle you!


text:
Alliance for Effective Social Investing Update
April 14, 2009 – 9:18 am
Last November I wrote about my involvement with a new group called the Alliance for Effective Social Investing. After the November meeting, The Washington Post wrote about the group as did the Chronicle of Philanthropy.
Today I want to share a press released about the progress of the group. Full disclosure: I'm co-chair of the Alliance's Advocacy Committee and authored the press release with my co-chair Robert Egger.
Nonprofit Leaders Meet to Discuss Driving More Funds to High-Performing Organizations
GuideStar, BBB Wise Giving Alliance, Charity Navigator discuss new approaches to identifying high-performing nonprofits
Washington DC – April 14, 2009 – The Alliance for Effective Social Investing, a network of nonprofit leaders, which includes the CEO's of GuideStar, Charity Navigator, BBB Wise Giving Alliance and Network For Good met in Washington D.C. and agreed to work together to drive more funds to high-performing nonprofits.
Organized by Social Solutions, the Alliance for Effective Social Investing is an international effort to identify promising new metrics of organizations' social impact and promote the development of a more robust environment for effective social investing – replacing financial measures as the sole barometer of an organization's performance. The Alliance, representing over 25 leading U.S. and European social sector organizations, committed to supporting each other and working together to strengthen the evolving social capital market.
Individual donors give over $250 billion to nonprofit organizations each year. The information provided by GuideStar, Charity Navigator, BBB Wise Giving Alliance and Network for Good assist millions of these donors each year in deciding which nonprofits to support. They represent the main vehicles by which individual donors compare charitable organizations.
"Throughout the sector, it is almost universally agreed that financial measures alone do not lead to wise giving decisions or good nonprofit performance," said Jeff Mason, the Chair of the Alliance. "The Alliance is determined to support these and other intermediaries as they seek to improve their rating methodologies and evolve to better identify high-performing nonprofit organizations."
At the recent gathering (the Alliance's second meeting) the group received updates from the Urban Institute, GuideStar and Charity Navigator about how each was moving to improve their websites and rating methodologies as well as develop new tools to support a more impactful nonprofit sector.
Alliance member Paul Brest, president of the Hewlett Foundation, commented "I am very pleased that the Alliance has committed to ambitious targets for integrating outcome-oriented measures into the work and reports of nonprofit organizations and information intermediaries. This holds the promise of enabling donors to direct funds to high performing organizations, something especially needed at a time when charitable resources are tight."
Alliance member Ken Berger, CEO, Charity Navigator, said "We at Charity Navigator believe that wise giving decisions rest on considering three components – financial strength, accountability and outcomes. We are happy to collaborate with our Alliance colleagues in striving to develop a charity evaluation system which encompasses all of these elements."
"At GuideStar, helping donors make better decisions and nonprofits be more effective is core to our mission. It is gratifying to work together with other nonprofit leaders which share our commitment to create meaningful metrics to improve philanthropic performance," said Alliance member Bob Ottenhoff, CEO, GuideStar.
About the Alliance for Effective Social Investing
The Alliance for Effective Social Investing is an international network of nonprofit leaders working together to drive more funds to high-performing nonprofits. The Alliance works to support leading nonprofit intermediaries in implementing measures of social value as an integral part of their metrics and in driving more donors to utilize these measures to make informed social investments. To learn more please visit www.alleffective.org.
jodisc (jodisc) says:
Nonprofit Leaders Meet to Discuss Driving More Funds to High-Performing Organizations http://tinyurl.com/c2p725 @tactphil @kenscommentary


text:
Heart Disease Home
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Heart Disease and Diabetes in 3D
Working Overtime May Hurt Your Heart
Logging Long Hours on the Job May Increase Risk for Heart Attack, Angina, Heart-Related Death, Study Finds
By Salynn Boyles
From the WebMD Archives
May 13, 2010 -- Working a lot of overtime may be good for your wallet, but it may be bad for your heart.
In a study of about 6,000 British civil servants followed for about a decade, working three or more hours of overtime a day was associated with a 60% increased risk of heart-related health issues, including heart attack, angina, and death from heart disease.
The association was seen even after researchers considered the impact of well-established heart disease risk factors like smoking, obesity, and high cholesterol.
Lead researcher Marianna Virtanen, PhD, tells WebMD that for the white collar civil servants in the study, working overtime was associated with more type A behavior traits like aggression, hostility, competitiveness, psychological distress, and sleep problems.
The research appears online in the European Heart Journal.
"The importance of having a good balance between work time, leisure time, and family time may be more important for the heart than has been appreciated," she says.
Virtanen is a senior researcher and psychologist with the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health and the University College London.
Men, Married Workers Logged More Hours
The study participants were enrolled in the larger, ongoing Whitehall II health study of London-based civil service workers begun in the mid-1980s. The data on working hours were introduced in the study starting in the early 1990s.
Workers were in their late 30s to early 60s at enrollment, and they were followed for an average of 11.2 years for the overtime analysis.
During this time, 369 incidences of heart attack, angina, or heart-related death were reported.
One or two hours over the seven hours considered normal for a workday in the U.K. had little impact on heart health.
But working 10 or more hours a day was associated with a 60% increase in heart-related events.
Just over half of the study participants (54%) reported working no regular overtime, 15% reported working two extra hours a day, and 10% reported working three or four extra hours.
Men were six times more likely than women to work three or more hours of overtime a day, and married workers were almost nine times more likely than single workers to spend this much time at work.
Nearly 60% of the respondents who reported spending 10 or more hours a day at work characterized their job demands as "high," while just 8% considered their job demands to be "low."
Sixty-four percent of the employees who worked the longest hours reported a lot of latitude in making work decisions, while 13% reported little latitude.
Overtime Has 'Moderate' Impact on Heart
Virtanen characterized the impact of overtime on heart risk as "moderate."
"Certainly these findings need to be replicated, and we also need more research on other health outcomes, including type 2 diabetes," she says.
Virtanen says it is not clear if the findings apply to blue-collar workers, who may have less discretion than white-collar workers over the hours they work.
The Whitehall II study is funded, in part, by the British Heart Foundation and the U.S. National Institutes of Health.
In an editorial published with the study, cardiovascular researcher Gordon T. McInnes, MD, of Scotland's University of Glasgow, agreed that more study is needed to confirm an independent association between overtime-related work stress and cardiovascular disease.
But he noted that a growing body of research is linking longer work days with health problems, including high blood pressure.
He concludes that researchers should examine "whether interventions designed to reduce overtime work could alter the risk of cardiovascular disease."
WebMD Health News Reviewed by Laura J. Martin, MD on May 13, 2010
Virtanen, M. and McInnes, G.T., European Heart Journal, May 2010; online edition.
Marianna Virtanen, PhD, senior researcher and psychologist, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health and University College London.
News release, European Heart Journal.
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Modern Life Takes a Toll on Our Hearts
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It is interesting to me that the Mission Tortilla Factory has a higher rating than the Boudin Bakery Tour, as this one is far less detailed and entertaining than that one. The tortilla factory begins with a pre-show room where children sing the praises of corn (!), then empties into a small room where projected images show old-fashioned tortilla making. Guests wander into the main factory room next, where modern high-tech machines show how tortillas are made today. One machine is for corn tortillas, while another is for flour tortillas (and I have found that both rarely operate together). There are small signs that explain the various parts of the machine, but no real explanation other than that (the employees do encourage questions though). The highlight is of course the free tortilla at the end. I am not normally a huge tortilla fan, but these warm fresh ones sure are good. There is a demonstration table at the end of the factory with suggestions on how to prepare assorted culinary creations with tortillas, but I have never seen anyone getting to make anything with their own tortilla sample. All in all, this is reasonably interesting, but head across the street afterwards to the bakery tour for a similar attraction that is better executed for a theme park. I have no idea what will become of either of these attractions during the renovation of California Adventure. They seem like very minor attractions that could easily be replaced, especially since they do not really seem to fit the direction the new park will be heading. But I have not heard any indication of this. We will have to wait and see I guess.
This is an exhibit, not an attraction. However, as an exhibit its mildly interesting, has shiny moving things, and includes delicious samples. Thats a win in my book.
How could I not like it? It involves food!! FREE food, at that. Otherwise, this walk-through sort of attraction is only mildly educational and entertaining.
interesting to look at and ponder over, and the samples are good, but more of a display then a full blown attraction.
The best part about this tour is the free tortilla at the end, but there is an easier way to get more tortillas, if you will go to great lengths to do it. Just make sure you go to guest relations and tell them its your birthday.
I found this surprisingly fun! You walk into a small room where cute school children tell you about tortillia making in a surprisingly funny presentation. After that another video is shown at how Mexicans still make tortillas. Finally you walk into a tortilla factory. You then get a delicious fresh tortilla. Normally tortillas are old but these ones are so delicious. Bring your tortilla up to the demonstration counter. They made my tortilla into a tortilla cake with cookies and chocolate sauce all over it - Best part is I got to eat it! I was fascinated at how many ways they use tortillas. Another girl made what looked like a delicious taco.
if you are hungry and poor. . . stop by this atraction and get a fresh and free tortilla. . .
Not too bad. you get to see machines and eat free tortila.
Sometimes they make you wait for this attraction which it is not worth. But if the doors are opened when you pass it...go right in. You get an approximately 2 minute history lesson in one room about tortillas and then go into another room where they demonstrate how they make tortillas and give you free samples and recipes for tortillas. It may not be the most entertaining but it is a way to get food if you are broke!


Buttons, ruffles, PINK, oh my! This off the shoulder beauty is exactly what you need to spice up your GNO outfit! Add a flirty pair of wedges and hit the town with your girls!
Specs taken from size Medium: Bust: 21" Length: 19"


We are a house painter in Oceanside, California 92054. We offer house painting services for Oceanside and the surrounding communities. Colossus Painting offers complete painting services including interior and exterior house painting, staining, deck restoration, pressure washing and more.


Dharamshala: – With the continuing escalation in protests against Chinese repressive policies in Tibet, Another Tibetan man has set himself on fire and died in the latest of dozens of protests against Chinese rule over the Himalayan region, according to an exclusive reports coming out of the region.
Gonpo Tsering, around 24, died after setting himself ablaze on Monday, 26 November (Around 6.00pm local Time) in front of the assembly hall of Ala Dheugo Monastery in Ala Bhoktsa township, Lhuchu county, Traditional Amdho region of north-eastern Tibet, an exclusive source told The Tibet Post International.
Tsering loudly shouted slogans calling for freedom and human rights in Tibet, and the return of His Holiness the Dalai Lama to his homeland, the sources told The Tibet Post International quoting an eyewitness in the region.
Tibetans from the township and neighboring areas gathered in huge numbers to offer their prayers and condolences to Tsering. Sources also stated that China has deployed a heavy security forces in the region following the incident.
Gonpo Tsering is survived by his parents; father, Wangyal 43, and mother, Namlo, his wife Namgyal Dolma 26, and their three children; one son and two daughters, Samdup 6, Tsring Dolma 3, Tsering Lhamo 2, the source has stated.
"The reasons for the self-immolations are self-evident: political repression, economic marginalization environmental destruction, and cultural assimilation," said The Central Tibetan Administration (CTA).
The communications; including internet connections and mobile phone signals were cut off in Tibet, particularly in Kham and Amdho regions of eastern Tibet (Chinese: Xinghai and Sichuan) recent months.
Since the beginning of the tragic incident in 2009, mapping exactly what is happening inside Tibet has been very difficult and serious. Reports of the tragic incidents often come via accounts posted on social networking sites, accompanied by grainy camera phone footage.
The international tourists and specially foreign journalists had been continuously banned from entering Tibet, as part of the regime's efforts to prevent international news organizations from covering the fact/reality in the region.
"Despite repeated appeal by the Central Tibetan Administration not to take drastic actions, 85 Tibetans have self-immolated in Tibet in protest against the Chinese government's repressive rule," CTA added.


Supply chain management is a tough challenge for global companies. A new OECD guidance can help them get it right.
On 24 April 2013, the world woke up to the reality of garment factory conditions in Bangladesh when more than a thousand workers were killed and over two thousand injured after the Rana Plaza garment factory complex, supplying western brands, collapsed.
How responsible is H & M's supply chain?
When an 8-storey building in Rana Plaza in Bangladesh crumbled in 2013, over a thousand garment workers died. For those of us who buy fast fashion, it confirmed something we suspected: that many of the people who make the clothes we wear are, at the least, badly exploited, if not treated as slave labour. They work in fire traps. They receive death threats when they try to organise a trade union. They work long hours without a break so that factories can make their deadline.
Doing business in conflict areas is challenging for everyone, whether you are talking about mining or even brewing beer.
There are 45.8 million slaves in the world today according to the 2016 Global Slavery Index, nearly four times the total number of Africans sold in the Americas during the four centuries of the transatlantic slave trade.
On 24 April 2013 the Rana Plaza, a commercial building and garment factory in Dhaka, Bangladesh, collapsed, claiming some 1,130 lives and injuring thousands more. The shock was felt globally. How could this happen? Who was to blame? If the building was not fit for purpose, why was it being used? How could such a disaster be prevented from happening again?
Are global companies improving their environmental, social and governance performance? There is good reason to be optimistic, though there is much work to be done.
The collapse of Rana Plaza in Dhaka, killing over a thousand workers, was not just a human tragedy. The ready-made garments sector is hugely important in Bangladesh, both economically and socially. This gives dealing with the Rana Plaza aftermath even greater importance.
Responsible business conduct: Which way forward?
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is no longer just a marketing buzzword but has become a mainstream part of business operations in companies the world over. From so-called triple bottom line accounting through legal frameworks to stock market indices that reward responsible business conduct on social and environmental fronts, company values increasingly reflect CSR values too. But what of their global supply chains, do they hold the same high values? How can multinational companies in particular be sure that the myriad firms they source from in poorer countries do not cut corners with people's lives or the environment? The death toll from the collapse of the brand-driven Rana Plaza garment factory in Bangladesh in 2013 was another tragic reminder that for CSR to have real value, much more needs to be done.


The 4a14f4ta'ta MIRROR Augustana College, Sioux Falls, S. Dak.
mainly along the south wall.
Augie, can do quite well without.
from one of the mission fields.
A voice student of Professor C.
Edda Editor, by Tuesday, March 4.
on May 2 and 3.
theatre group which nears per-fection.
it be nae hasty decision.
his 126 hours were well-spent .. .
jobs related to the production.
effort, here is your oppor-tunity.
real picture of the effect of war.
The drama was a success.
ably played by Bob Burleigh.
. . . . The Hasty Heart was terrific.
up the LSU will be there.
in the St. Olaf gymnasium.
God's Truth Will Set Us Free.
be introduced at this meeting.
be held in the gym.
by the Rev. Andrew Bur-gess.
is God's Truth for All Nations.
concert will be given by the St.
direction of Professor Olaf Chris-tianson.
festival service held in the St.
for These Times. Both the St.
for the LSU will take place.
division will be Arline Jorgenson.