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2021-2022 NFL Playoffs
Miami Dolphins News
2021 NFL playoff picture Week 16: Dolphins having clear path to postseason
By Kevin Nogle@KevinNogle Dec 27, 2021, 12:33pm EST
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Photo by Cliff Hawkins/Getty Images
Win. Loss. Loss. Loss. Loss. Loss. Loss. Loss. The Miami Dolphins' first eight weeks of the 2021 season had analysts and fans calling for the firing of general manager Chris Grier and head coach Brian Flores. As the Dolphins prepare for their Week 16 Monday Night Football game against the New Orleans Saints, their hard work over the past few weeks has turned things around. Now this club sitting at 7-7 and in the midst of a six-game winning streak. Week 16 gave Miami something they did not have before the games started - control. The Dolphins, despite a 1-7 start, including a seven-game losing streak, are in control of their playoff life now.
There is no more help needed. There is no more scoreboard watching with the hope that this team or that one stumbles down the stretch. Miami is fully in control on their march toward the postseason. Of course, additional help would be nice, but that 1-7 team from eight weeks ago is now able to rely on no one to get them into the playoffs.
Dolphins Week 16 Rooting Guide:
✅GB over CLE
❌ARI over IND
✅BUF over NE
✅HOU over LAC
✅CIN over BAL
✅KC over PIT
❌DEN over LV
⬛MIA over NO
Miami jumps to 7th seed with win. https://t.co/yQUGTDWZkR
— The Phinsider (@thephinsider) December 27, 2021
The week started with the Tennessee Titans beating the San Francisco 49ers on Thursday night. A loss by the Titans could have helped Miami in the long-run, with the potential that the Indianapolis Colts, who hold the head-to-head tie break over the Dolphins this year, could overtake Tennessee. Getting the Colts out of the Wildcard hunt and adding Tennessee, who Miami faces in Week 17, to the chase and giving Miami a shot at picking up the head-to-head tie break made sense. But, the game was not a critical one for Miami.
Plus, in an everything-comes-up-aqua type of weekend, the 49ers losing to the Colts could lead to Miami getting a better draft pick in 2022. The Dolphins, as part of this year's first-round trades, hold San Francisco's first-round pick next year.
With the Titans game decided, that set up Miami's needs for the Saturday games. Rooting-wise, losses from both the Cleveland Browns and the Colts were on the chart. By the end of the day, Miami was 50-50 on their results. The Green Bay Packers beat the Browns, but the Colts managed to beat the Arizona Cardinals. The Browns dropped to 7-8 with the loss, a half-game behind Miami, but the Colts pushed to 9-6, 1.5 games ahead of the Dolphins. It is not a killer result, but it does mean Miami is going to need help if they want to get as high as the fifth seed in the playoffs.
Cleveland dropping out of the way was helpful. It was not the top result the Dolphins needed on the weekend, however. That came in the early games on Sunday, when the Buffalo Bills beat the New England Patriots. The move pushed the Bills to 9-6 and the AFC East lead. The loss made the Patriots 9-6 as well, but now they are in the sixth position in the playoffs and still have a game against the Dolphins to close out the season. New England, once the darling of the analysts who were ready to declare the Patriots back after one down year, is within striking distance of Miami.
Also in the early games, the Houston Texans upset the Los Angeles Chargers, knocking LA down to 8-7 on the season. The Cincinnati Bengals also beat the Baltimore Ravens, which knocks Baltimore down to 8-7 as well. Suddenly, there are three teams at 8-7, and Miami at 7-7 with a game in hand. Could the Dolphins have the path open up to them to leap into the seventh seed at the end of Week 16?
That came down to one game. While the Denver Broncos and Las Vegas Raiders were playing - and a Raiders loss would be helpful - it really did not have much impact on the Dolphins this week. The key game in the late slate was the Pittsburgh Steeles at Kansas City Chiefs contest. Pittsburgh entered the week 7-6-1, edging ahead of all the .500 teams because of the tie on their record. An 8-6-1 team would remain ahead of the 8-7 clubs, meaning the Steelers were in a position to hold on to a Wildcard position. Except, they did not bother to show up on Sunday, getting blown out 36-10 by the Chiefs.
It was almost a perfect weekend for the Dolphins, who could be 8-7 by the end of Monday night. They are facing the New Orleans Saints, who are always a tough matchup in the Superdome, but New Orleans has been crushed by positive coronavirus tests this week. Can Miami take advantage of a wounded New Orleans club?
If Miami wins tonight, they move to 8-7, pushing them into a tie with the Ravens, Chargers, and Raiders. The four-way tie, based on NFL rules, is thinned by removing teams from the same division. The Chargers beat the Raiders earlier this year, knocking Las Vegas out of the tie before their head-to-head win over the Dolphins can even be a factor. With the Dolphins, Ravens, and Chargers remaining, Miami comes out on top with a three-way tie break.
After this week, Miami has the Titans in Week 17, the hosts the Patriots in Week 18. Wins in each of those games puts Miami at 10-7 on the year, in second place in the AFC East, and in the playoffs with no one able to knock them out. The Dolphins control their own path to the postseason this year. Three more wins and they are in.
It is not an easy stretch, but for a team that started 1-7 and looked like they could be headed to another rebuild, this has been an impressive turnaround. No team in NFL history has even started 1-7 and made the playoffs. Could Miami's climb back continue all the way to the playoffs? Monday night is the first step toward history.
The Splash Zone 1/16/22: Dolphins Believe In Tua Tagovailoa Welcome to the Splash Zone, the quickest way to get your day started off right. We bring you a rundown of Miami Dolphins news from the last 24 hours.


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Palmer Raids II
November 3, 2021 PermalinkNancy WaldoToday's AMITAmerican History, Justice System, Terrorism
Lead: In June 1919 the house of U.S. Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer was bombed. The bomber tripped and blew himself up along with the front part of the house.
Content: Ironically, for a nation of immigrants the people of the United States go through frequent periods of reaction to immigration. In the wake of the Mitchell bombing, a wave of anti-immigrant fever spread across the country. Coming as it did in the years following the Russian Revolution, much of the press and many citizens believed the bombing and others like it that spring and summer were the work of left-wing radicals and communists, many of whom were Eastern European immigrants.
Palmer Raids I
Lead: Just after 11:00 PM on the second of June, 1919 a bomb exploded in the entrance of the home of United States Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer. The only victim was the bomber himself.
Content: It was no isolated incident. The bomb that shattered windows all over Mitchell's fashionable Washington neighborhood, including those of his neighbor Assistant Navy Secretary, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, was part of campaign of similar attacks in eight other cities that night. In April, letter bombs had been mailed to thirty-six prominent Americans. Most were intercepted but the one mailed to former Georgia Senator Thomas Hardwick made it, blew off the hands of the maid who opened it and severely wounded the Senator's wife.
William Howard Taft, President and Chief Justice
July 17, 2021 PermalinkNancy WaldoToday's AMITAmerican History, American Politics, Justice System
Lead: The only man to serve as President and Chief Justice of the United States was William Howard Taft of Ohio.
Content: Born before the Civil War, Taft's public service spanned several decades at the beginning of the twentieth century. His resume reads like small textbook. Taft's father was a member of the cabinet of Ulysses S. Grant and his son continued the family's active participation in Republican politics after graduation from Yale in 1878. Local political office led to service as a Superior Court Judge in Ohio and eight years as Solicitor General of the United States when he argued the government's case before the Supreme Court.
Lie Detector
March 28, 2021 PermalinkSandy CreedToday's AMITAmerican History, Justice System, Technology
Lead: Its advocates claim it can solve one of mankind's great longings, the desire to know when a person is telling the truth, but the lie detector remains a controversial and constantly questioned tool in the fields of law enforcement, business, and national security.
Content: The basic premise of a lie detector is that there is direct connection between physiological phenomena — heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, even perspiration — and intellectual response, specifically deception. While others had experimented in this field prior to 1917, many credit William Marston, a Harvard-trained lawyer and graduate student, as the inventor of the lie detector. He was certainly the earliest and foremost promoter of the techniques and technology of the polygraph, yet his unqualified and untempered enthusiasm and showmanship brought the so-called science of lie detection into question.
Justice Sandra Day O'Connor II
February 10, 2021 PermalinkSandy CreedToday's AMITAmerican History, Feminism, Justice System
Lead: While she generally sided with the conservatives on the Supreme Court, at times Sandra Day O'Connor was fully willing to depart from orthodoxy. Consider her approach to abortion.
Content: The preamble to the 1986 Missouri law declared that "the life of each human being begins at conception." It went on to severely restrict reproductive services at public hospitals and required costly tests to determine fetal viability if the woman appeared to be 20 weeks pregnant. This seemed to violate the core principles of Roe v. Wade the 1973 Court decision denying states jurisdiction over abortion and, thus permitting abortions prior to the third trimester of pregnancy. The lower courts eviscerated the Missouri law.
Justice Sandra Day O'Connor I
February 9, 2021 PermalinkSandy CreedToday's AMITAmerican History, Feminism, Justice System
Lead: In 1981 President Ronald Reagan made legal history by appointing Judge Sandra Day O'Connor to the Supreme Court. The first woman justice, she soon occupied the center of the court.
Content: O'Connor was born in Texas in 1930 but grew up on her parent's Arizona ranch. She was attracted to the law because of a legal dispute involving her parents' property and graduated from Stanford Law School. As a student, she sat on the board of the Stanford Law Review, a prestigious position that, had she been a man, would probably have secured her a position in an upscale law firm. Such was not the case and she and a partner formed their own legal partnership. Active in Arizona Republican politics, she was appointed to a vacated seat in the Arizona Senate and served two additional terms, elected by her colleagues as majority leader. Appointment to the Arizona Court of Appeals in 1979 established her as one of the most prominent women jurists in the country.
Dorothea Dix II
September 1, 2020 PermalinkNancy WaldoToday's AMITAmerican History, Justice System, Medical History, Women in American History
Lead: A chance encounter in the East Cambridge Jail in 1841 gave Dorothea Dix a cause to pursue, a focus for her intellect and considerable energy, and a passion which would consume her for the rest of her life.
Content: Dorothea Dix, daughter of an alcoholic itinerant minister, but granddaughter of a prominent and wealthy Boston physician, in her early years was a devout Christian. She believed her affluent, cultured upbringing and her faith placed powerful requirements on her life. She felt compelled into a life of service to those in society less fortunate, less wealthy, less healthy, less indulged than she.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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More Friz Freleng articles & pheeds
Isadore "Friz" Freleng (August 21, 1905 - May 26, 1995) was an animator best known for his work on the Looney Tunes series of cartoons from Warner Bros
Freleng was born in Kansas City, Missouri, where he began his career in animation at Walt Disney Studios. He worked alongside other early animators, including Carmen Maxwell, Ub Iwerks, Hugh Harman, and Rudy Ising. Freleng accompanied Disney to Hollywood, California, where they worked in the Charles Mintz studio on Disney's Alice Comedies and Oswald the Lucky Rabbit films. Freleng soon teamed up with Harman and Ising to try to create their own studio. The trio created a pilot film starring a new Mickey Mouse-like character named Bosko. Looking at unemployment if the cartoon failed to generate interest, Freleng moved to New York City to work on Mintz' Krazy Kat cartoons, all the while still trying to sell the Harman-Ising Bosko picture. The cartoon finally sold to Leon Schlesinger, who soon secured Harman and Ising to star Bosko in the Looney Tunes series he was producing for Warner Bros Freleng soon moved back to California to work with Harman and Ising once again.
Harman and Ising left Schlesinger's studio over disputes about budgets in 1933. Schlesinger was left with no experienced directors and so promoted Freleng. The young Freleng would prove an able director, and he introduced the studio's first post-Bosko star, Porky Pig in the 1935 film "I Haven't Got a Hat". The film is notable for being one of the earliest examples of characterization in a cartoon. Porky is not the boring, cookie-cutter hero like Bosko or his replacement, Buddy, he is distinctive, and therefore, memorable.
In 1937, Freleng was wooed away from Schlesinger and joined the fledgeling MGM cartoon studio headed by Fred Quimby. To Freleng's chagrin, he found he would be working on a series called The Captain and the Kids, a version of the popular comic strip The Katzenjammer Kids. The series failed to achieve much success, much as Freleng had predicted -- though skillfully animated, the characters could not compete with the "funny animals" that pervaded at the time. Quimby's replacement, Harry Hershfield, was no better a leader, and Freleng happily returned to Warner Bros. when his contract ended in 1940.
Schlesinger's hands-off attitude toward his animators allowed Freleng to create several hilarious shorts, such as 1940's "You Oughta Be in Pictures" in which a fast-talking Daffy Duck talks Porky Pig into quitting Warner Bros. to find work elsewhere. Freleng and his fellow animators kept pace with Disney by making their cartoons funnier and zanier than anything anyone had seen before. Freleng's style quickly matured, and he became a master of comic timing. He also introduced or redesigned a number of famous Warner characters, including Yosemite Sam in 1945, the cat-and-bird duo, Sylvester and Tweety in 1947, and Speedy Gonzalez in 1955. Freleng and Chuck Jones would dominate the Warner Bros. studio in the years after World War II, Freleng largely confining himself to these few characters and Bugs Bunny. Freleng also continued to produce modernized versions of the musical comedies he animated in his early career, such as "The Three Little Bops" (1957) and "Pizzacato Pussycat" (1955). Freleng won several Oscars over the years, for the films "Tweety Pie" (1947), "Speedy Gonzalez" (1955), "Birds Anonymous" (1957), and ''Knighty Knight Bugs" (1958).
After the Warners studio closed in 1964, Freleng rented the space to create cartoons with producer Dave DePatie. DePatie-Freleng was soon commissioned to create the opening sequence to the film The Pink Panther, for which Freleng created a suave, cool cat. The character grew so popular that Freleng brought him back in 1964 in a short for United Artists, which won an Academy Award. Jack Warner was uncomfortable with space in his studio being used so successfully to create films for a competitor, so DePatie and Freleng moved their operations to the San Fernando Valley. Freleng made a series of Pink Panther shorts, and in 1969 successfully transitioned the character to television. When Warner Bros. later decided to reopen their cartoon studio in 1964, they did so in name only; DePatie Freleng produced the cartoons until 1967. These cartoons lacked the old spark, however, and with the exception of the Pink Panther films, Freleng's later output was relatively unremarkable.
Freleng later served as as executive producer on a series of 1980s Looney Tunes movies that linked together several of the classic shorts.
Reference: A Tribute to Friz Freleng


Overlooking The Royal Mile, the Hilton Edinburgh Carlton has a stylish cocktail bar and modern brasserie. Lively Princes Street is just 300 m away and Waverley Rail Station is directly adjacent to the hotel. Free WiFi is available throughout the hotel.
The spacious, 4-star bedrooms at Hilton Edinburgh Carlton each have a private bathroom with Peter Thomas Roth toiletries. Rooms also feature a work desk and HD freeview TV.
The hotel is a 10-minute walk from Edinburgh Castle. Holyrood Palace is half a kilometer away.


@sabretooth47 — like I said, I'm not religious and it gets annoying even to me to have to sift through all that to get to the real news (which is what status updates are for). But there is WAY more stuff on FB to be offended over than Bible verses…lamebook is proof of that with all these little girls talking about f**king their man, complaining about getting herpes, etc., lol :). But I hardly feel badgered if someone simply posts a religious quote on there…if it offends me then I can simply block them from my feed updates and move on.
@ lexluther: My pleasure. I had the post in my bookmarks – because I'm just that cool – and it gave me an excuse to sign up to Lamebook after reading it for several months in order to share my wisdom 😛 That post was epic. This one, not so much.
It sounds to me like Rick can't wait for Jesus to bend him over and fill his whole with his divine spirit.
Can we please get someone to deprogram them and set them loose in the real world? Or at least arrest whoever home-schooled them?
The only thing these people make me pray for is nuclear war.


I'm almost afraid to write this post, because I am afraid all of you will ban me from your giveaways because I have too much! too much!
A couple of weeks ago I won Hydeeann's Lucy Giveaway for a copy of Alexia Abegg's book Liberty Love. Hydeeann held the giveaway as a pay-it-forward-style thank you to Lucy, who had gifted her some much-beloved hard-to-find fabric.
So there's that. Projects I'm dying to make from this book include but are not limited to: the Michelle My Belle Dress; Classic Thread Spool Quilt (the queen size, natch); and the Seashore Baby Quilt. Thank you so much Hydeeann!
There's kind of a long, amazingly sweet story here. About a year ago I found Marla's blog, and was immediately hooked, because she was using pieces of that little vintage airplane print you see above. I commented that I loved the fabric, and she's been a lovely blog friend ever since. Fast forward to her Mellifera quilt, about which I commented that she had collected some lovely fabrics. I wondered if they were repros–and they WEREN'T. 100% vintage fabrics. Of course I expressed jealousy.
Enter Kim, who's moving, like, kind of now. Kim had a bundle of vintage fabrics that she was ready to part ways with. Marla sent her to me, and Kim sent me those two huge Ziplocs stuffed full of these gorgeous vintage fabrics. And they are gorgeous, aren't they! They make me remember why purple was my favorite color as a child–those lavender prints would be an amazing little-girl quilt.
Isn't it wild how we online quilters function in this community where we not only trade encouragement, praise, and advice, but we send complete strangers fabric?!
Finally, last weekend, I couldn't stop thinking about Amy's recent paper-piecing pattern, Coneflower with Butterfly. I've never done any real paper-piecing before, only some simple paper piecing, and I asked Amy if she thought I could handle this pattern. She shared her pattern with me, encouraging me to try it.
I'm so glad I did! It turned out beautifully. Amy's digital drawing is so amazing, and this made for a very impressive finished block. I made liberal use of my seam ripper, but it did turn out pretty great in the end. I maybe wish I had chosen a better fabric for the coneflower petals? I hope to turn this piece into a wall hanging for my bedroom soon! Amy @ During Quiet Time's patterns are all available for purchase in her Etsy shop. I may be trying some more after this success!
What's to come of all this kindness? Stay tuned for my very own pay-it-forward giveaway! I'm plotting and cutting and waiting for a little bit of mail to come. Can't wait to share something with one of you!
You are so very lucky. O love those 30s prints, originals! To die for! Hope to see what you make very soon.
Whoa whoa whoa. How cool is this post??? Love this. And great placement of your awesome quilt up there. One of my all time faves of yours. They all are really.
Yup… Super jealous! I love that liberty book luckily we have it at the library (one of the perks of working there is that I have influence in the collection /wink). I can't wait to see what you do with those lovely vintage fabrics!
Lovely generosity! I was looking at your paper pieced flower and thinking what lovely fabric you'd used for the petals and especially the subtle difference with the fold over bits, then I couldn't believe it when you said you wished you'd done something different!
Ps the little box that says follow sits over the post comment button-can you move it? It makes it hard to comment.
It doesn't always, and maybe it's just a tricky iPad thing, but I can't seem to work it out?
That's great! I agree that those purples would make a fantastic little girl's quilt.
Gonna have to change your blog name to Lucky Laura! Looks like you are reaping the rewards of being a great quilty friend. Can't wait to see what you make with the sweet stash of fabric. Love your corn flower and butterfly! Great job!
Those airplanes really are awesome.
Just got that book too and I'm planning on making the Marcelle Medallion!
What a fabulous time you've been having!!!
Hmmm, I like the coneflower fabric and butterfly. I think the flower really pops on the background. It looks like a difficult block and you made it so beautiful!
Those vintage fabrics are amazing. Glenna Hailey's feedsack quilt book was the first quilting book I bought and repro fabric still remains my all time favorite. I've never owned any actual feedsacks or vintage fabric, but I think your adventure into using them sounds so exciting! That airplane fabric is just too special–how will you ever cut into it?
I love to know that even in such a saturated world of online blogging, people are still connecting with each other in positive ways.
I keep seeing amazing things with paper piecing but haven't yet given it a try. Maybe someday!
That block turned out beautifully! I love the colours/fabrics – it'll make a great wall-hanging, very cheery, without being too saccharine.


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The problem of accuracy in dietary surveys. Analysis of the over 65 UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey
Theory and methods
Adrian Cook,
Jane Pryer,
Prakash Shetty
Public Health Nutrition Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London
Dr Pryer, Department of Primary Care and Population Sciences, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF (j.pryer{at}ucl.ac.uk)
STUDY OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence and nature of low energy reporting in a dietary survey of British adults over 65 years of age.
DESIGN Randomly selected cross sectional sample of 2060 British adults over 65 years. Four day weighed food diaries and questionnaires on health, lifestyle and socioeconomic characteristics.
SETTING Great Britain.
PARTICIPANTS 539 women and 558 men over 65 years who were free living and completed four day food diaries.
MAIN RESULTS A high proportion of men and women were classified as low energy reporters (LERs). Reported consumption of full fat dairy products, sugar and sweet foods, and alcoholic drinks differed most between LERs and non-LERs. Among LERs, reported protein and starch intakes were higher, fat, sugar and alcohol intakes were lower. LERs of either sex were more likely to be obese, male LERs were also more likely to belong to the manual social classes.
CONCLUSIONS The high level of low energy reporting probably resulted from a coalescence of factors such as the weighed diary methodology and a reluctance to report consumption of unhealthy foods. The use of validatory biomarkers such as doubly labelled water needs to be more widespread.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech.54.8.611
A major problem in self reported dietary studies is people who under-report their true habitual food intake, or change their diet, during the period of the survey.1 2 The result is participants with energy intakes seemingly lower than that required for long term energy balance, known as low energy reporters (LERs). Little is known about the precise nature of the problem, but the limited evidence available to date has suggested that low energy reporting does not affect foods or nutrients uniformly, and is also more likely to occur in certain subjects than others. In a previous survey of the UK adult population the reported consumption of biscuits, cakes and pastries differed most strongly between those defined as low energy reporters and other participants.3 In dietary validation studies, subjects found to under-report their protein intakes also had lower intakes of fat, energy and sugar, but not starch, fibre or alcohol when compared with other participants.4 Low energy reporting has also been shown to be more prevalent among obese participants, those who smoke, or members of the manual social classes.3 5 Two similar Finnish studies 10 years apart also raised the question of low energy reporting being an increasing problem.6
Pryer3 explored low energy reporting in the adult British population using data from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) of those aged 16–64 years. In this study we have investigated low energy reporting in a survey of the more elderly population, using data from the NDNS of the British population over 65 years of age, a separate survey using similar methodology. We have investigated the extent and nature of low energy reporting, our aims being firstly to quantify the number of men and women reporting levels of food intake incompatible with long term energy balance, and secondly to characterise them in terms of their food and nutrient intakes, and sociodemographic characteristics.
The National Diet and Nutrition Survey of people over 65 years of age comprised 1632 free living people and 428 subjects living in institutions. Briefly, the survey was commissioned by the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Foods (MAFF) and the Department of Health, and undertaken collaboratively with University College London and the Dunn Nutrition Unit, Cambridge. Fieldwork was carried out in four waves of 10–12 weeks each, between October 1994 and September 1995. The free living sample was recruited using a multi-stage clustered design. The postal address file was used as the sampling frame, with 80 postal sectors being selected as first stage units, probability of selection being proportional to size. From each sector, 375 households were randomly selected and sent a sift form to identify those households containing an eligible adult. A random sample of eligible adults was then taken, with no more than one subject from each household and probability of selection weighted by age to obtain reasonable numbers from the oldest age groups.
Preliminary analysis revealed that the level of low energy reporting among free living respondents was much higher than that seen among the institutionalised sample. This study therefore uses only the free living sample, which comprises approximately 80% of the total.
Study participants were issued with calibrated dietary scales and asked to keep a weighed record of all food consumed over four consecutive days. Measurements were made of body weight, height, demi-span, mid-upper arm circumference, waist and hip circumference. An interviewer administered questionnaire collected data on: age, sex, social class, income, pensions and benefits, geographical area of residence, cigarette smoking and household composition.
Of the 1632 subjects in the free living sample 357 did not complete four day diaries and were excluded from the analysis. A further 178 were excluded as their body weight was not recorded, preventing calculation of basal metabolic rate (BMR). Of the remaining 1097 subjects, 539 were women and 558 were men. All subjects were non-dieting at the time of the survey.
BMR was calculated for each subject from their body weight, age and sex, using age and gender specific equations.7 These equations are suitable for the British population and differentiate between those aged more than 75 years and those aged 65–75. The within subject coefficient of variation of daily reported energy intake was 17.6%, giving a cut off 2 value of 1.1 using the Goldberg formula8 with 95% confidence limits. Multiplying the cut off 2 value by BMR gives a level of energy intake considered to be the lowest plausible amount for a non-dieting person during the period of the study. LERs were thus defined as those subjects reporting an average daily energy intake over four days below 1.1 × BMR.
Total food and drink consumption was divided between 29 food/drink groups and associations between LER status and group consumption were examined. Consumption distributions were positively skewed in most groups, however the skewness was generally the result of high consumption by a very small number of people and the mean remained an informative descriptive statistic. LERs were formally compared with non-LERs by Mann-Whitney non-parametric tests. Distributions of nutrient intake were generally closer to normality andt tests were used to test associations between reported nutrient intake and LER status.
Univariate associations between social, economic and demographic variables were examined using χ2 tests andt tests. A multivariate analysis was then carried out, in which those variables for which the univariate association exceeded p=0.25 were entered into a logistic regression model. All analysis was done using Stata software.
Low energy reporting is a major problem in dietary surveys.
Several different factors are responsible.
Low energy reporting does not affect foods or nutrients uniformly.
Prevalence of low energy reporting differs between socioeconomic groups.
The average energy:BMR ratio of the survey participants was 1.13 (SD=0.3) for women and 1.25 (0.3) for men. Two hundred and sixty women (48%) and 163 men (29%) fell below the cut off level of 1.1 and were classified as LERs. The difference in proportions of LERs between the sexes was highly significant (p<0.001), therefore all subsequent analyses were performed separately by sex.
SOCIOECONOMIC, DEMOGRAPHIC AND BEHAVIOURAL CHARACTERISTICS
There were a number of significant differences between the LERs and the non-LERs in both sexes (table 1). For both men and women, the LERs were more likely to come from the manual social classes (64%v 49% among men, 55%v 42% among women). They were also more likely to be in receipt of benefits and more likely to report physical mobility problems, defined as needing aids to walk. The LERs of either sex were less likely to report being in good health and less likely to have received higher education. Body mass index was also significantly higher among the LERs of both sexes (27.5 v25.7 among men, 27.9 v 25.4 among women). No significant differences were observed in age, smoking habits, numbers living alone, home ownership, receipt of private pensions, problems in chewing food or geographical area of residence.
Socioeconomic, behavioural, health and demographic characteristics of men and women LERs and non-LERs
Multiple logistic regression models showed that among men obesity (body mass index⩾30), social class and home ownership were all independently associated with LER status at the 95% significance level, while among women only obesity remained significant (table 2). There was also some evidence of education among men and health among women being associated with LER status, the probability decreasing with education and increasing with poor health.
Multivariate analysis of factors predictive of LER status, by sex
REPORTED FOOD INTAKE
A comparison of the reported food intake of LERs and non-LERs is provided in table 3. A similar comparison with food intake expressed as a percentage of total energy intake is presented in table 4.
Grouped food/drink consumption (g or ml daily), by sex and low energy reporter (LER) status
Percentage contribution of food/drink groups to total energy, by sex and LER status
Male LERs reported lower consumption than non-LERs of 25 food/drink groups, the largest proportional differences arising with alcohol, butter, non-low fat spreads, fruit juice, wholemeal bread, biscuits, cakes and pastries (table 3). The differences reached statistical significance (p<0.05) for 17 groups. Women generally reported lower intakes than men, and LERs reported less than non-LERs in all but five food/drink groups. The differences reached statistical significance in 13 groups with the largest proportionate differences arising in consumption of alcohol, butter, sugar and biscuits, cakes and pastries.
Adjusting for energy intake, male LERs reported higher intakes in 16 food/drink groups, the largest differences occurring with poultry, soup and fried fish (table 4). The 13 food/drink groups for which male LERs reported lower intakes included full fat dairy products, biscuits, cakes and pastries, fruit and nuts, alcohol and fruit juice. Female LERs reported higher intakes of 17 food/drink groups and lower intakes of 12 groups. The food/drink groups reported higher by male LERs were exactly the same as those reported higher by female LERs with the exception of sauces and pickles.
NUTRIENT INTAKE
Over the four day period the average daily intakes of energy, macronutrients, eight minerals and 12 vitamins were significantly lower (p<0.01) for LERs compared with non-LERs of either sex (results not shown). For macronutrient densities (intakes as % total energy or per 1000 kcal), significantly higher intakes of protein and starch were reported by LERs of both sexes, as were significantly lower intakes of alcohol, total fat, saturated fat and transaturated fat (table 5). In addition, sugar intake was lower and fibre intake higher among both sexes, although differences were not statistically significant. The largest observed differences were the increased protein intakes of both sexes. For the micronutrients examined, energy adjusted intakes of all minerals and vitamins were higher among female LERs than non-LERs, significantly so for seven of eight minerals and 9 of 12 vitamins. Among men, intakes of all minerals and 9 of 12 vitamins were higher among LERs, significantly so for five minerals and five vitamins. The largest differences in micronutrient intake were observed in vitamins D and C among women, and vitamin D and niacin in men. These results refer only to micronutrient intake from food and drink as supplements were not included in the analysis.
Reported macro and micronutrient density, by sex and LER status
The UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey of people aged over 65 years was affected to a large extent by low energy reporting. In the free living sample 48% of women and 29% of men were classified as LERs. Using a comparable cut off (1.1 × BMR) LERs comprised 21% of the sample studied by Price.5 In the NDNS of the younger 16–64 year old adults, 46% of women and 29% of men were classified as LERs despite using a cut off value of 1.2 × BMR,3 a similar cut off with the elderly would increase the LERs to 61% of women and 41% of men. The levels observed among the free living subjects were considerably higher than those observed among those living in institutions (19% men, 19% women).
There are several possible explanations for the reporting of low energy intakes by participants in dietary surveys. The survey period may coincide by chance with a period of low energy intake, however the probability of this effect causing the number of LERs observed here is extremely small when using a stringent cut off value. Alternatively, participants may have changed their diet during the period of the survey, but again the cut off value used here makes this an unlikely explanation for the large numbers of LERs observed. The primary reason for low energy reporting in this survey is most likely to have been incomplete recording of food intake.
Weighed food diaries are potentially the most accurate way to measure food intake,9 however their completion requires greater effort than other dietary survey methods and this has previously been found to present a barrier. In assessing the accuracy of weighed diaries Livingstone10 reported that snack foods were most likely to be missed. While the weighed diary methodology may be a factor here it would not explain why this survey was so much more affected than the previous NDNS of younger adults, unless snack consumption is a larger feature of the elderly diet. Poorer memory should not have been an issue as all subjects completed memory tests before being given food diaries, those failing being given assistance. Increased errors in food weighing may be a factor, although such errors would be expected to be unbiased with over-reading as probable as under-reading.
The NDNS of younger adults was carried out eight years before this survey. Hirvonen6 compared low energy reporting in two similar studies carried out 10 years apart. The prevalence of low energy reporting rose from 27% to 42% among men and from 33% to 46% among women, increases of a similar magnitude to those seen when comparing the two NDNS surveys.3 The rise was attributed to increased health consciousness and a reluctance to report consumption of foods known to be unhealthy. This effect may have been a further contributory factor to the low energy reporting observed here. A further possibility is that the observed increases in low energy reporting result from decreasing energy requirements, however evidence from elderly UK women suggests that this is not the case.11
The suitability of equations used to define a low energy reporter must also be questioned. Calculation of the BMR used the Schofield equations,7 the derivation of which included only small numbers of elderly subjects. The equations also assume a linear relation between body weight and BMR, as fat tissue is less metabolically active this seems likely to be an oversimplification. While verification of the equations is required urgently, they continue to be the most suitable for an elderly European population and inaccuracies are unlikely to be the sole cause of the large numbers of LERs observed here.
As with other studies of low energy reporting, women were more likely than men to be classified as LERs.3 5 6 This may partly be attributable to women obtaining higher percentages of energy from fat than men, while fat is most affected by low energy reporting, however the difference between men and women was small (36.2% women, 35.3% men; p=0.02), and would not explain the large difference in LER prevalence. Health consciousness, which is thought to be higher among women, may also be a factor.
Obesity was most strongly associated with LER status in both men and women, in agreement with other studies.3 5 6 This could be the result of the linear relation assumed by the Schofield equations between BMR and body weight, which as already mentioned seems likely to be an oversimplification. Significant univariate associations were observed between LER status and both education and social class, however results from a multivariate analysis were less clear and differed from those of other studies. Hirvonen6 observed that LERs were more likely to be highly educated in a group of 16–64 year olds, while Price5 found no effect of current social class in a cohort of people born in 1946. The only significant association we found in a multivariate model was with social class among men. This suggests social class is more important than education among older populations while the reverse may be true in younger groups.
Food groups in which LERs reported lower intakes than non-LERs included full fat dairy products, sugar and sweet foods, and alcoholic drinks. Interestingly, they also reported lower intakes of fruit and nuts, wholemeal bread and wholemeal cereals, the differences in alcohol consumption were also greater for wine and spirits than for beer. This could indicate that two effects are observed when comparing the food intakes of LERs and non-LERs, one being a tendency to under-report mostly those foods that are known to be unhealthy, the other being true dietary differences associated with the socioeconomic characteristics of the two groups. Few studies have compared food intakes of LERs and non-LERs but a similar pattern was reported from the NDNS of British adults.3
Absolute intakes of all macronutrients were significantly lower among LERs, as seen elsewhere.3 5 12 Comparison of nutrient densities gave results broadly consistent with those of other studies: protein was higher among LERs3 5 12; total fat was lower5 12; total carbohydrate did not differ significantly5 but sugar was lower3 and starch higher3; alcohol was lower.3 A further study by Hirvonen6 also found higher densities of protein and carbohydrate and lower densities of fat among LERs, but results of significance tests directly comparing the two groups were not reported.
Low energy reporting causes major problems in the interpretation of dietary data. The probability of a single factor causing the level of low energy reporting observed in this survey is extremely small. Rather it is probable that several factors coalesced, these being primarily a tendency to omit certain items from weighed diaries, a reluctance to report foods known to be unhealthy, and possibly a weakness in the definition of elderly LERs. By adjusting for energy intake the effect of low energy reporting is reduced in analyses of both food and nutrient intakes, although as food groups are not uniformly affected this is not a complete solution. Validatory biomarkers such as doubly labelled water provide a more complete answer to the problem and would have been particularly useful in this survey given the scale of low energy reporting that took place.
Black AE,
Prentice AM,
Goldberg GR,
(1993) Measurements of total energy expenditure provide insights into the validity of dietary measurements of energy intake. J Am Diet Assoc 93:572–579.
Jebb SA,
(1991) Critical evaluation of energy intake data using fundamental principles of energy physiology: 2. Evaluating the results of published surveys. Eur J Clin Nutr 45:583–599.
Pryer JA,
Vrijheid M,
Nichols R,
(1997) Who are the 'Low energy reporters' in the dietary and nutritional survey of British adults? Int J Epidemiol 26:146–154.
Kok FJ,
van't Veer P
Bingham SA
(1991) Validation of dietary assessment through biomarkers. in Biomarkers of dietary exposure. eds Kok FJ, van't Veer P (Smith-Gordon, London), pp 41–52.
Price GM,
Paul AA,
Cole TJ,
(1997) Characteristics of the low energy reporters in a longitudinal dietary survey. Br J Nutr 77:833–851.
Hirvonen T,
Männistö S,
Roos E,
(1997) Increasing prevalence of underreporting does not necessarily distort dietary surveys. Eur J Clin Nutr 51:297–301, . 7Dietary reference values for food energy and nutrients for the United Kingdom. London: HMSO, 1991..
(1991) Critical evaluation of energy intake data using fundamental principles of energy physiology: 1. Derivation of cut-off limits to identify under-recording. Eur J Clin Nutr 45:569–581.
(1987) The dietary assessment of individuals; methods, accuracy, new techniques and recommendations. Nutrition abstracts and reviews 57:705–742.
Livingstone MBE,
Strain JJ,
(1990) Accuracy of weighed dietary records in studies of diet and health. BMJ 300:708–712.
Reilly JJ,
Lord A,
Bunker VW,
(1993) Energy balance in healthy elderly women. Br J Nutr 69:21–27.
Voss S,
Kroke A,
Klipstein-Grobusch,
(1998) Is macronutrient composition of dietary intake data affected by underreporting? Results from the EPIC-Potsdam study. Eur J Clin Nutr 52:119–126.
Funding: this work was funded by a grant from the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Foods.
Online: ISSN 1470-2738Print: ISSN 0143-005X


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HomeHeadlinesCouncillor gets driving ban for being 'drunk in charge'
Councillor gets driving ban for being 'drunk in charge'
Posted: 2:37 pm December 2, 2016
Councillor Ciaran Brogan
A Donegal County Councillor had to be handcuffed after becoming abusive and asking a garda 'who the f*** do you think you are', a court has heard.
Ciaran Brogan (44) of Sockar, Trentagh, Letterkenny, was banned from driving for three years after being found guilty of being drunk in charge of a vehicle on June 22nd last year, the weekend of the Donegal International Rally. He denied the charge.
Letterkenny District Court heard on Thursday that a patrol car had been alerted to the scene of a car parked in the middle of the road, at Ballymacool, Letterkenny, with the engine running and lights on.
When they approached, they found Brogan asleep behind the wheel. Detailing evidence, Garda Stephen Moyles told Judge Paul Kelly the vehicle, a Toyota Avensis, had been parked on a narrow road.
"It was parked in a very dangerous manner," he indicated. The patrol car had parked directly behind the vehicle.
"When I approached the car, I found a male asleep behind the wheel with his arms folded."
Garda Moyles opened the door of the vehicle, knocked off the engine and took the keys out. He had got a "strong smell" of intoxicating liquor from within the vehicle.
Garda Moyles, who was accompanied by Garda Rosario Monagle, said it had taken several minutes to rouse the defendant who was "startled" when he did waken up.
At that point, the Toyota rolled backwards and collided with the patrol car with the defendant's foot having been on the brake pedal when he had been asleep.
After asking Brogan to step out of the car, he found him to be "unsteady on his feet" with his speech slurred.
Garda Moyles had taken the view that the defendant had intended to drive the vehicle further.
The court heard Brogan, who had been appointed Mayor of Donegal the previous week, had become "verbally abusive" and demanded to know "who the f… do you think you are."
Garda Moyles had grabbed the defendant by the arm and attempted to usher him to the patrol car.
Eventually, he handcuffed the accused before radioing for assistance after which another Garda had arrived on the scene in an unmarked patrol car.
Brogan was taken to Letterkenny Garda Station where he had opted for a blood analysis at 1.13 am to determine alcohol level after, a doctor from NowDoc had been called to the station.
When the certificate from the Medical Bureau of Road Safety had been returned on July 1, it showed a reading of 244 milligrammes of alcohol per 100 millilitres of blood, almost three times the legal limit.
Defending solicitor, Mr Kieran O'Gorman, submitted to Judge Kelly that there was no factual evidence that the accused intended to drive the vehicle.
However, the judge disagreed, convicting and fining Brogan €400.
Swaps laundry for golf after 50 years in business
Donegal man found dead in custody
Keadue dentist retires from Edinburgh practice
Man arrested over Garda car fire
New Deputy Principal appointed to Mulroy College
Permanent GP set to start in Dunkineely on Monday
13 Donegal groups to receive energy funding
Mass attendance survey to determine diocese shake-up
St Brigid's Cross making at Letterkenny Cathedral Quarter
Donegal musicians helping recreate sound of Springsteen


The Johnnie R. Carr Middle School Choir will perform during the opening session of the Leadership Conference on Friday night.
The Rev. Dr. Raphael Warnock, pastor of Atlanta's Ebenezer Baptist Church, and Dr. Quinton Ross, President of Alabama State University, will serve as keynote speakers during the 2019 Leadership Conference Celebrating African American History Month Feb. 1-2 at Troy University.
Former U.S. Rep. Terry Everett, left, helps unveil the "Trojan Warrior Spirit" C-130, designated by Maxwell's 908th Airlift Wing on Tuesday in Troy.


In 1967 I was posted to teach in Uganda. One of the first thing I did was buy a Canon FX SLR camera. In those days photography had nothing whatsoever to do with telephones! We used something called "film" which, in due course - usually a week or so - could be turned into negatives for prints, or slides for projection.
Many of the images below had such an origin. To appear below they have been processed and manipulated many times. Too many times, with some loss of quality. The original slides still look good projected on a decent screen though.
The classic trip in Murchison Falls National Park is the cruise up the Nile to the falls. This enabled us to get amazingly close to some enormous crocodiles, in what quickly came to feel like a remarkably flimsy boat.
...possibly of interest to this lioness.
This is a chameleon and yes, they do actually change colour depending on the background. They move very slowly. This one is in the act of running away.
The only fast part of a chameleon is its tongue when it catches a fly. I am not sure how I managed this shot!
Three lions relaxing somewhere in the wilds of Kidepo National park.
Another lion in Amsterdam Zoo. I do not much like going to zoos because, it seems to me, many of the animals are in distress. If you meet an animal in the wild, they may not be happy to see you, or you may frighten them, but they will look at you and meet your eye. In a zoo they almost always will not.
A pride of lions relaxing after a kill.
Another shot from Amsterdam Zoo, with animals refusing to look at the customers.


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Boardgame talk for Meeple & People
Auction Games
Deduction games
Negotiation Games
Worker-placement Games
Meeplepedia
Meople Comics
25 April, 2011 Kai Reviews
Components & Design
From some of the reviews here on the Meople's Magazine, you might be under the impression that in order to be fun a game has to be complex. It's true that we tend towards games with a bunch of different components, sneaky player interaction and a little rule that you only get to use once in a while, but when you remember to do it people will stare at you in awe of your skill; or maybe stare at you with pure hatred for remembering that rule. It's true that we review games from that part of town most often. That doesn't mean we don't enjoy games that are very very simple – when they are also very very clever.
Ken Fisher's Wizard is one of those games. You almost couldn't ask for it to be any simpler.Wizard is a trick-taking game: there is four suits of cards with values from 1 to 13. After dealing, one of the remaining cards is revealed to determine the trump suit. The first player plays any card from his hand, the other players then have to follow suit or, if they cannot, either play a trump to win or throw in a card from another colour to get rid of it. The trick goes to the player that had the highest trump or, if no trump was played, the highest card in the original suit. The first round is played with only one card per player, each subsequent round with one more until finally all 60 cards are dealt out on the last round, coincidentally not leaving a card to determine the trump suit.
Jesters and Wizards
So far, Wizard would be one of those games you use to teach your 4 year old how to play with cards. There is two sets of special cards that add some spice: Wizards and Jesters. Both Wizards and Jesters belong to no suit but can be played even if you could follow suit. The first Wizard in a trick always wins that trick, no matter what other cards are in it. A Jester never wins any tricks, except in the rare case that the trick contains only Jesters – in that case, the first one wins again. If a Jester is revealed for trump suit, this round has no trumps; in case of a Wizard the dealer chooses a trump suit after seeing his cards.
Still, this is nothing that would pose big problems for your average six year old and certainly not what a group of adults would spend an entire evening on. But now there is that final piece of rules that puts Wizard in the "very very clever" category and made it popular enough all over the world to have its own world championship: before the first card in a turn is played, every player must make a bet how many tricks he is going to take this round. The only way to score points is through fulfilling this bet: 20 for succeeding at all plus 10 for every trick you took. Any trick more or less than your bet not only gets you nothing at all for this round, you even lose 10 points for every trick by which you miss your bet. The most-played (and in my opinion most interesting) variant of Wizard demands that the bets of all players never add up to the real amount of tricks available, making sure that there will not be a peaceful solution.
And suddenly those very simple rules come together to make a much deeper and more enjoyable game than you would expect from "simple trick-taking". In the first two or three rounds, there still is much luck involved: with only two cards, you're not exactly drowning in strategic options and whether you win your bet or not depends heavily on card luck. But the first few rounds are only for warming up: from round five on, you have many more options to consider and many more ways to contribute to your own success. In this phase of the game, against experienced opponents, you have to pull all the registers: sometimes you want to rid yourself of a colour that you started with only one or two cards in so you don't have to follow suit and will be able to trump that colour. Sometimes you need to find a way to lose high cards because you find that your bet was too low. You will want to base your bet on these and a couple of other things, like the number of Wizards and Jesters in your hand, but also your distance from the start player. And sometimes you just have to recognise a truly bad hand and bet low in order not to lose points. On the other side of things, a good hand has a strong push-your-luck element where you want to try for more tricks than you're strictly comfortable with because more tricks still means more points.
Wizard 15th Anniversary Special Edition - photo by AMIGO Spiele
And there you have it: a game with very simple rules that is nevertheless engaging and quite difficult to master. The art by Franz Vohwinkel does the rest to make Wizard attractive in all respect: the four suits of cards are each illustrated with one of the four races human, dwarf elf and giant, with the values going from a thief at one point to the king at twelve and the battle standard at 13. Not only is each card individually illustrated, all cards from one colour connect to a long panorama picture with a Wizard and Jester at the ends. The only bad thing I might say about the illustrations is that, if you find yourself playing in a badly illuminated environment, you better learn the symbols for each suit of cards instead of the colours because blue and green become very hard to tell apart.
Although Wizard is an old game by board game standards – the AMIGO edition that we're playing and that seems to be the basis for many later editions was first published in 1996 – it's still going strong and attracting more people: just these days, AMIGO released the 15th Anniversary Special Edition in a silver tin, including a set of silver coins to make your bets that is sure to find some new fans and replace the old and battered edition of many long-term players. By the way, in countries that have the original edition first published in 1984 without the fantasy theme, the AMIGO editions are known as Fantasy Wizard.
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The human race has never been peaceful, competition is written into our genes. Even back in the stone age, when we just started abandoning easily movable tents for more permanent dwellings, there was competition for having the biggest house, highest up the hill. That's what is happening in Höyük, neolithic clans competing for the finest mansions.
The Staufer Dynasty
A huge Empire without a permanent capital is something that is hard to imagine today. But in medieval Europe, the Staufer emperors had their itinerant court, they would travel around their empire and rule from wherever they just happened to be. That way, everywhere in the empire could have the glory of hosting the emperor, and he would get first hand knowledge of what was going on everywhere. In The Staufer Dynasty, you are a member of the court of Henry VI, working hard to get members of your family into influential offices all over the empire.
The year is god-knows-when BCE. The first people are spreading across the plains and forests looking for two things: food and shelter. Their most important tool in this dangerous voyage are Dominoes-like tiles they use to map out the surroundings. Okay, no, they didn't really do that. You do that when playing Sapiens, map out the territory for your tribe to prosper.
Sigismundus Augustus
Long, deep and historical games are not uncommon, but they usually focus on war. Sigismundus Augustus goes a different route, it's all about Polish Politics under the King with the game's name. A completely different type of challenge, but just as tricky to win. But how much fun is history without bloodshed?
I still think Vlaada Chvátil has this little check list on his desk where he goes "Oh, here's a genre I didn't make a game in yet" and then just sets out to design a game for that genre. And whatever genre he picks, he's good at it. The latest example of that is Codenames, a word association game. And if you think that word games are boring, like I did, then maybe Vlaada can change your mind.
Linja
A very short game, with rules that can be explained in about two minutes, materials you can carry in your coat pocket that still manages to look good and offers some depth? It does exist, and it's called Linja.
Marie Cardouat's game illustrations have always been in a style fitting for beautiful children's books, and that is still just as true in HOP!. Beyond the illustrations, the game's story is equally made for kids. After finding a book describing a magical kingdom in the sky, the child heroes of HOP! decide that they have to see the realm of magical creatures living in the clouds for themselves. And once that decision is made, it is a matter of moments before they are floating into the sky, each carried by a handful of balloons. And just like that you're in the middle of a dexterity game for the whole family, and prettier than pretty much any other game out there.
Perpetual-Motion Machine
Perpetual-Motion Machine, the new game by Ted Alspach, has nothing to do with physics, despite the title. Instead, it's a set collecting game shooting for poker hands, where playing a hand lets you improve one attribute of your game play.
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Essen 2020 – SPIEL.digital
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Grow your foods with modern technologies!
Theta inverters are principally meant to be used with solar, wind or hydro power systems for a home or business totally disconnected from the electric utility company. They can also be used for providing emergency backup power to homes that currently use the power from an electric company. Inverters with the built-in AC charger option are particularly well suited to providing seamless backup power.
Connect direcly to 12V battery and turn to mini power station for powering small appliances (220-240V).
The Theta Pure Sine Wave, heavy duty inverter ensures all electrical products run at their very best. It removes all problems linked with modified sine inverters such as small black lines on some TV screens. It works perfectly with satellite controllers, runs microwaves at 100% power, works thryistor controlled devices. They also eliminate problems caused by low cost, non isolated sine wave inverters, such as interference on TV screens, radio and hi-fi noise and works all CD and DVD players. This unit runs all equipment as per the mains – guaranteed.
The 2000-3000 watt unit is capable of running a standard washing mahcine and all thyristor controlled devices which cannot be run by modified sine. However, if there is a washer dryer then the 3000 would be best. The units all come with a standby circuit which offers a 0.2 amp consumptions with no load and a low on line loss of about 1.2 amps if power saver not engaged.
The Theta Pure Sine Wave Inverter is CE and ROHS certified products and come with limited one-year OME warranty.
Copyright 2007 SC Origin (Farmg Tech Mart). All rights reserved.


The Chicago Purchasing Managers Business Barometer increased to 64.1 during June from May's unrevised 62.7. It was the highest level since January, continuing its sharply rising trend during the last three years. The Action Economics Forecast Survey expected a decline to 60.8. The Chicago Purchasing Managers figures are diffusion indexes and readings above 50 indicate growth.
Haver Analytics constructs an ISM-Adjusted index with similar methodology as the ISM Composite Index. This index increased to 61.1 from 60.9 during May. It also was the highest level since January. During the last ten years, there has been a 67% correlation between the index level and the q/q change in real GDP.
The rise in the overall business barometer reflected broad-based improvement amongst the component series. The order backlog series strengthened to the highest level since October. The new orders series also gained and the rise in the vendor delivery series indicated the slowest rate of order fulfillment since November. Working the other way, the inventories series fell to the lowest point since last August, while the production index eased slightly.
The employment component rose modestly, though it remained down versus its January high. During the last ten years, there has been a 75% correlation between the index level and the m/m change in factory sector payrolls. Twenty-eight percent of survey respondents reported higher payroll levels and 14% indicated a decline.
The index of prices paid rose to 76.3, its highest level since May 2011. Sixty-three percent of respondents reported higher prices, a seven-year high, while four percent reported price declines.


Soft cotton jersey is infused with tufted cashmere on this slim top. Contrast ribbed banding lends a layered look, and thumbholes smooth the extra-long sleeves over the hand. Unfinished edges.
Fabric Content: 85% cotton, 15% cashmere.
Care: Wash cold, flat dry.


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Q: Dapper procedure returns nothing after refresh I've got a huge problem. I use dapper as micro orm in my project and when I make a query with stored procedure in package IT WORKS (but only the first time, after second and third the same query, same parameters and same execution returns nothing). After while, that query works again, but still only for one time same as before.
But when I do the same query from database (in sqldeveloper) it always works
So I claim that a problem is connected with dapper. I guess.
I have no idea how to fix this. I have changed that procedure to a function but effect is still the same. I work on OracleDb, in asp MVC ofc.
The execution of procedure is :
var Parm = new OracleDynamicParameters();
Parm.Add("refCur", OracleDbType.RefCursor, ParameterDirection.Output);
Parm.Add(name: "ID", value: id, direction: ParameterDirection.Input);
return con.Query<SAMPLE_MODEL>("SAMPLE_PACKAGE.SAMPLE_PROC", Parm, commandType: CommandType.StoredProcedure).ToList();

A: Check that every session got a unit id.  Every query which uses a dblink requires a new session id with the database.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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3/2021 March 2021
Story Time with Mr. Wes!
March 1, 2021 @ 10:30 am - 11:00 am
Mr. Wes will be bringing you story time online through Facebook Live. Hope you can join us!
Bedtime Stories with Mrs. Littlefield
Get in your PJs with your cup of cocoa and join us on Tuesday evenings via Facebook Live with Mrs. Littlefield from the Manson Park School PreK!
Intro to the Museum of Bad Art
Permanent Acting Interim Executive Director, Louise Reilly Sacco of The Museum of Bad Art, presents MOBA 101. The world's leading cultural institution dedicated to art in which something has gone wrong describes how and why it was established. MOBA presents pieces from their collection, each with an insightful, pithy, and often humorous commentary. The Museum […]
Fun STEM Time with Mr. Wes
Each Thursday afternoon, Mr. Wes will be with you via Facebook Live to show you a science experiment, share stories, teach you magic tricks or create craft projects.
Story Time with Mr. Wes
St. Patty's Day Party
March 17, 2021 @ 12:00 pm - 12:30 pm
It's your lucky day! Mr. Wes will be having a St. Patrick's Day party via Facebook Live, and will be giving away LOTS of BOOKS! Be sure to tune in!
The Guernsey Literary & Potato Peel Pie Society–Conversations about Community through Literature
Our year-long book group continues with "The Guernsey Literary and Potato Peel Pie Society" by Mary Ann Shaffer and Annie Barrows. Join us for a lively discussion on how to make our community a better place. To register, click here.
Mysteries in the Morning
March 31, 2021 @ 9:00 am - 10:00 am
An online mystery book discussion through Zoom. We have a wonderful time discussing the whys and wheres and whodunnits of novels each month. If you'd like the library to order a copy for you, please let us know.
Fun STEM Time with Mr. Wes–April Fools' Edition!
Each Thursday afternoon, Mr. Wes will be with you via Facebook Live to show you a science experiment, share stories, teach you magic tricks or create craft projects. Today will be a special April Fools' Edition!


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Dynamic band-structure tuning of graphene moiré superlattices with pressure
Matthew Yankowitz1,
Jeil Jung2,
Evan Laksono3,4,
Nicolas Leconte2,
Bheema L. Chittari2,
K. Watanabe5,
T. Taniguchi5,
Shaffique Adam3,4,6,
David Graf7 &
Cory R. Dean1
Nature volume 557, pages 404–408 (2018)Cite this article
Electronic properties and materials
Two-dimensional materials
Heterostructures can be assembled from atomically thin materials by combining a wide range of available van der Waals crystals, providing exciting possibilities for designer electronics1. In many cases, beyond simply realizing new material combinations, interlayer interactions lead to emergent electronic properties that are fundamentally distinct from those of the constituent layers2. A critical parameter in these structures is the interlayer coupling strength, but this is often not easy to determine and is typically considered to be a fixed property of the system. Here we demonstrate that we can controllably tune the interlayer separation in van der Waals heterostructures using hydrostatic pressure, providing a dynamic way to modify their electronic properties. In devices in which graphene is encapsulated in boron nitride and aligned with one of the encapsulating layers, we observe that increasing pressure produces a superlinear increase in the moiré-superlattice-induced bandgap—nearly doubling within the studied range—together with an increase in the capacitive gate coupling to the active channel by as much as 25 per cent. Comparison to theoretical modelling highlights the role of atomic-scale structural deformations and how this can be altered with pressure. Our results demonstrate that combining hydrostatic pressure with controlled rotational order provides opportunities for dynamic band-structure engineering in van der Waals heterostructures.
Intrinsic superflat bands in general twisted bilayer systems
Hongfei Wang
, Shaojie Ma
… Dangyuan Lei
Light: Science & Applications Open Access 30 May 2022
An atomistic approach for the structural and electronic properties of twisted bilayer graphene-boron nitride heterostructures
Min Long
, Pierre A. Pantaleón
… Shengjun Yuan
npj Computational Materials Open Access 20 April 2022
Stochastic many-body calculations of moiré states in twisted bilayer graphene at high pressures
Mariya Romanova
& Vojtěch Vlček
npj Computational Materials Open Access 21 January 2022
Fig. 1: Experiment schematic and transport characterization under pressure.
Fig. 2: Modification of gate capacitance under pressure.
Fig. 3: Bandgaps as a function of pressure.
Fig. 4: Modelling of the bandgaps.
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We thank P. San-Jose, J. Song, A. Shytov, L. Levitov, J. Wallbank and P. Moon for theoretical discussions. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) (DMR-1462383). C.R.D. acknowledges partial support from the David and Lucille Packard foundation. Development of the device concept and fabrication process was partially supported by the NSF MRSEC program through Columbia in the Center for Precision Assembly of Superstratic and Superatomic Solids (DMR-1420634). We acknowledge S. Tozer for use of his 16 T PPMS which is partially supported as part of the Center for Actinide Science and Technology (CAST), an Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC) funded by the Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences under award no. DE-SC0016568. A portion of this work was performed at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, which is supported by NSF Cooperative Agreement no. DMR-1157490, the State of Florida and the US Department of Energy and additionally provided support for pressure cell development through User Collaboration Grant Program (UCGP) funding. J.J. and N.L. were supported by the Korean NRF through grant NRF-2016R1A2B4010105 and Korean Research Fellowship grant NRF-2016H1D3A1023826, and B.L.C. was supported by grant NRF-2017R1D1A1B03035932. E.L. and S.A. are supported by the National Research Foundation of Singapore under its Fellowship program (NRF-NRFF2012-01) and the Singapore Ministry of Education AcRF Tier 2 (MOE2017-T2-2-140). K.W. and T.T. acknowledge support from the Elemental Strategy Initiative conducted by the MEXT, Japan, and JSPS KAKENHI grant no. JP15K21722.
Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
Matthew Yankowitz & Cory R. Dean
Department of Physics, University of Seoul, Seoul, South Korea
Jeil Jung, Nicolas Leconte & Bheema L. Chittari
Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
Evan Laksono & Shaffique Adam
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
K. Watanabe & T. Taniguchi
Yale-NUS College, Singapore, Singapore
Shaffique Adam
National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, USA
Matthew Yankowitz
Jeil Jung
Evan Laksono
Nicolas Leconte
Bheema L. Chittari
K. Watanabe
T. Taniguchi
Cory R. Dean
M.Y. and C.R.D. conceived the experiment. M.Y. fabricated the samples and analysed the data. M.Y. and D.G. performed the experiments. J.J., E.L. and S.A. developed the theory. N.L. and B.L.C. calculated the ab initio potentials. K.W. and T.T. grew the hBN crystals. C.R.D. advised on the experiments. All authors participated in writing the paper.
Correspondence to Cory R. Dean.
Publisher's note: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Extended data figures and tables
Extended Data Fig. 1 Pictures of the set-up for pressure experiments.
a, Graphene (outlined in white dashed line) is encapsulated between BN and placed on a graphite back gate. b, The device is shaped into a Hall bar and contacted for electrical measurements. c, The Si wafer is diced to approximate dimensions of 2 mm × 2 mm. d, A new pressure cell stage. e, The stage is threaded with wires which are epoxied in place. f, The sample is glued to the top of the stage. g, Wires are connected to the device electrodes by hand using silver paste. h, A Teflon cup is filled with oil and fitted over the sample and onto the stage. i, The sample is placed into a pressure cell. j, Pressure is loaded using a hydraulic press. k, The loaded pressure cell is attached to a probe for low-temperature magnetotransport measurements. See Methods for complete experimental details. The scale bars for a and b are 25 μm, and the scale bar for c is 2 mm.
Extended Data Fig. 2 Resistivity of device P3 at B = 0 T and T = 2 K.
For the application of high pressure in this device, we observe virtually no change in the device resistivity for hole carriers, and a decrease in the resistivity for electron carriers.
Extended Data Fig. 3 Arrhenius plot for the SDP in device P1.
The gap exhibits virtually no dependence on pressure.
Extended Data Fig. 4 Bandgaps as a function of pressure for all devices studied.
a, Devices with square markers exhibit thermally activated behaviour over roughly an order of magnitude change in resistance. Devices with triangle markers exhibit thermally activated behaviour over a smaller range. The numbered labels represent the order in which the gaps were acquired. The gap magnitude depends only on the pressure the device is under at the time of measurement, and not on the history of the pressure that has been previously applied. Error bars in the gap fitting arising from the uncertainty identifying the thermally activated regime have been omitted for clarity, but are all less than 2.5 meV. b, Gap dependence in a second aligned device (P6), with misalignment of about 0.1°. This device also exhibits a growing Δp and constant Δs, but is much more disordered than device P1. Inset: Arrhenius plots for the PDP (left) and SDP (right) at 0 GPa and 1 GPa.
Extended Data Fig. 5 Conductivity of the PDP over the full temperature range at various pressures for all devices studied.
a, Device P1 is the aligned device discussed in the main text. Inset, conductivity of the SDP. b, Device P6 is a second aligned device, but is more highly disordered and therefore less resistive at low temperature. Inset, conductivity of the SDP. c–f, The remaining devices do not exhibit SDPs, and therefore the alignment to the BN layers is unknown. However, the devices in c and d still exhibit thermally activated behaviour over roughly an order of magnitude change in resistance, suggesting they are nearly aligned to a BN. The devices in e and f have a much smaller thermally activated regime. Pressure tends to have a smaller effect on the PDP conductivity for devices that are less resistive at 0 GPa. The inset in f shows the high-temperature response, demonstrating the weak effect of pressure in the thermally activated regime for the least resistive device. In a–f, although the PDP generally grows more insulating with higher pressure at low temperatures, this is not universally true, suggesting that the details of the low-temperature resistance depends more critically on the exact nature of disorder in the device. Devices are ordered by decreasing gap size as measured in the thermally activated regime.
Extended Data Fig. 6 Disorder and the quantum Hall effect.
a, Device disorder δn is measured as the n necessary to dope between the maximum and minimum Rxy, averaged over B = 0.25 T to 0.75 T. b, Density fluctuations as a function of pressure across different devices. The error bars denote the uncertainty in picking the peak positions of Rxy. c, ρxx (solid lines, left axis) and σxy (dotted lines, right axis) of device P1 at B = 12.5 T. Symmetry-broken integer quantum Hall states become much more clearly developed with pressure, and fractional quantum Hall states begin to emerge as well. Both are offset for clarity. d, ρxx of device P2 at B = 9 T, similarly showing an improvement in the quantum Hall response. Surprisingly, the improvement persists even after the pressure is released back to vacuum and the device is cleaned in solvents (green curve). Curves are vertically offset for clarity.
Extended Data Fig. 7 Hofstadter butterfly as a function of pressure in device P1.
Magnetotransport data acquired at T = 2 K and a pressure of: a, 0 GPa; b, 2.3 GPa.
This file contains Supplementary Notes S1-S3, includes Supplementary Figures 1-5 and Supplementary Tables 1-2
Yankowitz, M., Jung, J., Laksono, E. et al. Dynamic band-structure tuning of graphene moiré superlattices with pressure. Nature 557, 404–408 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0107-1
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Important – amendments to cultural heritage protection laws. Inna Firsova and Victoria Bodrova for Association of European Businesses, Real Estate Monitor, #2 2017
Several important amendments have recently been introduced to Federal Law No. 73-FZ "On the Protection of Cultural Heritage…" (hereinafter – the "Law") regarding the reform of the cultural heritage protection zone system and related obligations and restrictions on owners and users of Cultural Heritage Sites (hereinafter – Sites). These amendments are of major significance for the use of Sites such as historical buildings, structures and premises.
In addition to the previous (а) Site protection zones, (b) regulated development and activity zones, and (c) protected landscape zones, the amendments added another two types of Site protection zone: Site Territory and Site Buffer Zone.
Site Territory
Previously, the territory of Sites was mentioned in the Law but the term itself and limitations were not defined.
A Site Territory is one that is occupied by the Site and connected with it historically or functionally. The actual concept of a Site Territory is in no way connected with a specific land plot. For instance, Site Territories may be included in land that is not in a cadastre or land that is in a cadastre and parts of it, as well as forest plots.
However, although each Site has "its own territory", the development and approval of the boundaries of a Site Territory (like a Site protection zone) is not mandatory.
A Site Territory may belong either to Sites registered in the Register of Sites (hereinafter – the "Register") or newly identified Sites (sites that are already protected and have the status of a Site due to their cultural heritage features, but have not yet been placed in the Register and might, in the future, be recognised as not possessing the features required for inclusion in the Register).
According to the Law, construction and other work not connected with the preservation of a Site are restricted on the Site Territory. The documentation for such work must include sections designed to safeguard the Site and be approved by the Site protection authorities. Moreover, the amendments also apply restrictions to land plots that neighbour the Site Territory, requiring developers to prepare some additional sections in the design documentation and have them approved.
These amendments reflect court practice, which have followed the same principal that the need to include additional sections in the documentation with respect to the work to be performed on adjacent land plots depends on the extent to which the construction might affect the Site. Otherwise, construction might be prohibited or a constructed facility declared an unauthorised structure.
Site Buffer Zone
A Site Buffer Zone is a territory adjacent to a Site or a Site Territory (if established). The Site Buffer Zone is set automatically when the Site is included in the Register and exists until the protection zones have been approved. In contrast to the other four zones, the overall width of the Site Buffer Zone is regulated by the Law and determined in advance: from 100 to 300 metres, depending on the type of Site and its location.
The reason buffer zones were introduced for Sites was the need to protect and preserve the visual perception of historical and cultural monuments already entered in the Register for which no protection zones have been established.
Within buffer zones new construction is prohibited, as is any change to the planning characteristics of existing facilities. It is worth mentioning that the emergence of buffer zones of Sites included in the Register when the law is adopted does not affect previously issued construction permits and they remain valid. Yet it is unclear what happens to construction permits issued before new Sites are included in the Register in the future.
The Law demands closer attention to the territory on which work is planned and a more detailed check of land plots located around and on the Sites.
OBLIGATIONS AND RESTRICTIONS
Before the Law was amended, preservation obligations (hereinafter – the "Obligations") imposed on the owner of a Site were contained in various document types: preservation agreements, preservation leases and preservation obligations, in a format established back in the 1980s. The absence of a single document and the need to sign the given "Obligations" as agreements between the user and the Site protection authority engendered disputes over their contents. There were also arguments about the need for tenants leasing Sites from private owners to sign the Obligations. The tenants were often totally unaware of such Obligations.
According to the amendments, the Obligations should now be included in a single document in the format developed by the Ministry of Culture in 2015, containing a description of the Site and the exact structure subject to protection.
The given changes have brought considerable clarity to the situation, especially since the "new" Obligations are publicly available and their contents should be provided in transactions involving the transfer of ownership and use of Sites. In particular, the Law establishes various requirements depending on the type of Obligation.
If a "new" Obligation is fulfilled, the transaction involving the transfer of the rights to a Site, be it a lease or sale and purchase transaction, must include the duties of the new users to preserve the Site and the Obligation be attached thereto. Otherwise, the agreement is null and void. Although the Law does not explicitly set the same rule for cases in which the "new" Obligation is not fulfilled, but there are other preservation documents, we come to the same conclusion upon analysis of the current legislative requirements.
If no Obligations have been fulfilled by the time the agreement is concluded:
(i) in relation to a newly identified Site, the agreement on the transfer of the right thereto must contain the obligations to maintain it as a substantive condition. Otherwise, the transaction is null and void.
(ii) in relation to a Site included in the Register, the Law sets a general obligation for the tenant/new owner to carry out the main measures to preserve the Site. Yet there is no specific requirement in the Law to state these obligations in the agreement (it only states with respect to a lease that, after a preservation obligation is received, it must be included in the agreement).
Even so, Rosreestr has expressed its unambiguous position that, in any case, an agreement related to a Site (both registered and newly identified) must, in the absence of a fulfilled Obligation, specify the need to observe the requirements related to the preservation of the Site. Otherwise, the registration of the rights under the agreement may be refused.
Consequently, the amendments, together with the explicitly stated position of Rosreestr, have introduced a unified approach according to which agreements should, in any case, include certain conditions concerning the special use of Sites.
The amendments also affected the restrictions on renovation, overhaul and other work at Sites. However, although the Law added certain detailed requirements, some related areas remained unclear.
The prohibitions are clearly stated in relation to Sites possessing an approved structure for preservation (such as the façade of a building): it is prohibited to perform work that changes or causes a deterioration in the protected structure.
In relation to Sites that have no specific protected structure, the restrictions are not fully clear. The Law bans any change to the planning and structure of a Site, be it included in the Register or newly identified. In essence, therefore, the Law currently bans any changes to Sites lacking a protected structure, be it alterations or painting of the façade. As a result, such work may be carried out only as part of preservation work, requires a considerable number of approvals and may be performed only with the help of specially certified persons.
This circumstance is particularly relevant for those who acquire properties in central and historical districts, where each building might potentially be identified as a Site and information about such buildings is not always easily accessible. From the practical point of view, such an acquisition might restrict the new owner's opportunities and also serve as grounds for disputing the acquisition of the Site if the purchaser is unaware of the status of the facility.
https://www.aebrus.ru/upload/iblock/d25/rem_2_2017_web.pdf (page 30)
Inna Firsova


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Automatic failures. When this so-called genre-establishing title first debuted as a minigame on the Dota 2 arcade platform in January of this year, it seemed like we were witnessing the birth of the new esports phenomenon.
Dota 2 players skipped the main game to spend hours fighting on the automated chess boards. Offices have wasted dozens, if not hundreds of hours of productivity, with their employees getting addicted and multitasking throughout the day with endless automated games of chess in the background.
In March, the game had 6 million subscribers. The most successful Dota 2 minigame of all time. Valve's attempt to develop a Dota-derived strategy game with Artifact was an irreversible embarrassment by comparison.
Recognizing the success of Auto Chess, Valve worked with the developers of the original game, Drogo Studio, to create an "Auto Chess Pass" that would be available on the official Dota 2 store.
Not only did Valve have the original Dota Auto Chess on their platform, they decided to create their own standalone automatic chess game, Dota Underlords. If the original game was already called Dota Auto Chess, then Dota Underlords would be like ... an even more Dota-style Dota Auto Chess.
Considering the tremendous support the game received from gamers, media, and game developers, along with the huge promise of the player base made across all the various Auto Chess iterations, it was necessary to expect a lot of esports to appear and professional tournaments for players. one of the Auto Battle titles on the market.
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