text:
Compilation for pl ad-hoc query on system of medical treatment of asylum seekers in ms-wider dissemination
Ad-Hoc Query on system of medical treatment of asylum seekers in MS
Requested by PL EMN NCP on 3rd May 2010
Compilation produced on 28 June 2010
Responses from Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Sweden, United Kingdom
(19 in Total)
Disclaimer: The following responses have been provided primarily for the purpose of information exchange among EMN NCPs in the framework of the EMN. The contributing EMN NCPs have provided, to the best of their knowledge, information that is up-to-date, objective and reliable. Note, however, that the information provided does not necessarily represent the official policy of an EMN NCPs' Member State. 1. Background Information
The Polish Office for Foreigners has been working on the new set of amendements to the Polish Act on Protection of Foreigners including developments by the EU
and the results of our own experience in the field of support for asylum seekers. Especially we are looking for the best practices or even standards for medical help
for foreigners who applied for refugee status. We are conscious that our solutions in this respect were established many years ago when the overall asylum system
was created in our country. This is a high time to make this kind of support to asylum seekers more efficient and modern. In our opinion it would be good to use the
patterns which have already turned out to be useful. So this is the reason that we would like to ask the other EU countries for sharing information on their models of
medical support to asylum seekers.
Please provide your responses to the following questions by 3rd June 2010.
EMN Ad-Hoc Query: PL Medical Treatment of Asylum Seekers
Disclaimer: The following responses have been provided primarily for the purpose of information exchange among EMN NCPs in the framework of the EMN. The contributing
EMN NCPs have provided, to the best of their knowledge, information that is up-to-date, objective and reliable. Note, however, that the information provided does
not necessarily represent the official policy of an EMN NCPs' Member State.
2. Responses1
1) What is the system of medical treatment of asylum seekers in your country? Dissemination?2 Is there a:
a) special system exclusively for asylum seekers, b) general system for everyone which covers the medical needs of asylum seekers or c) general system with the special provisions for asylum seekers. If a) or b) please, show the special features towards asylum seekers. 2) Could you, please, describe shortly the system of medical treatment of asylum seekers: . . 3) Which institution/institutions is/are in charge of the management of the medical support system for asylum seekers? Asylum institutions? Local authorities? Any medical institutions? Any other solution? 4) Which institution/institutions pays for medical treatment of asylum seekers? 5) What is the scope of medical treatment of asylum seekers? (Just basic medical treatment, general treatment and specialized treatment, any other solutions). 6) What are the legal bases for medical treatment of asylum seekers? Health care during the asylum procedure
Applicants who reside in an assigned reception centre:
Applicants who reside in an individual or collective reception centre are entitled to medical services and care "necessary to lead a life that
responds to human dignity". They receive the services in the reception centers or are referred to external medical services.
The Royal Decree of April 9, 2007 sets out which medical care is covered. These are all the treatments listed in the RIZIV (National
Institute for Sickness and Invalidity Insurance) nomenclature. Five specific interventions with RIZIV nomenclature are not paid by
FEDASIL (Federal Agency for the Reception of Asylum seekers), that falls under the competence of the Ministry of Social Integration:
1 If possible at time of making the request, the Requesting EMN NCP should add their response(s) to the query. Otherwise, this should be done at the time of making the compilation.
2 A default "Yes" is given for your response to be circulated further (e.g. to other EMN NCPs and their national network members). A "No" should be added here if you do not wish
your response to be disseminated beyond other EMN NCPs. In case of "No" and wider dissemination beyond other EMN NCPs, then for the Compilation for Wider Dissemination
the response should be removed and the following statement should be added in the relevant response box: "This EMN NCP has provided a response to the requesting EMN NCP.
However, they have requested that it is not disseminated further."
infertility and fertility treatment
dental prosthesis if no chewing problem
purely aesthetic surgery except for reconstruction after surgery or trauma
dental treatments or extractions under general anesthesia
Some treatments not covered in the RIZIV (National Institute for Sickness and Invalidity Insurance), are important in everyday life, and
are therefore reimbursed by Fedasil:
Category D drug registered in Belgium and prescribed by doctors (except for the treatment of impotence) : certain registered medicinal D
without a prescription from a doctor (antacids, antispasmodics, antiemetics, antidiarreïca, resources buccofaryngelae disorders,
analgesics and antipyretics such as paracetamol, aspirin, ibuprofen 400 mg, natiumnaproxen 220 mg) refundable to the cheapest variant
of the active medium
dentures for the restoration of masticatory function
glasses for children, prescribed by an ophthalmologist (not bi-or multifocal glasses or tinted)
1D refractive glasses for adults from the better eye, prescribed by an ophthalmologist (not bi-or multifocal glasses or tinted)
adapted milk for infants when breastfeeding is not possible
In the interest of the patient, and if it is necessary for a life in accordance with human dignity, the Director-General of FEDASIL can
deviate from this list.
Asylum seekers are also entitled to psychological counseling.
If the applicant believes that he was wrongfully denied medical care he may, within five days, appeal against this decision for
reconsideration:
- to the Public Centres for Social Welfare Council, for persons residing in an Local Reception Initiative
- with the Director-General of FEDASIL, for all other persons
Within 30 days from the filing of the appeal, a decision should be taken. In case of a negative decision, or if no decision is made within
the period of 30 days, one can appeal to the Labour Court. This must be done within three months after the decision.
Applicants who do not reside in an assigned reception centre
The applicant who is assigned to a reception centre, but chooses to live elsewhere ("no show" Applicant), is still entitled to the above
medical and psychological counseling.
Before the treatment, the applicant needs to obtain a "commitment to pay" from:
- the Public Centres for Social Welfare Council, for persons residing in an Local Reception Initiative. The care provider can then send the
bill to the Local Reception Initiative.
- Cell "Medical expenses" of FEDASIL, in the case of persons assigned to another reception facility. The care provider can send the bill to
the cell "Medical expenses" of FEDASIL. This cell will ensure payment. Applicants who are not assigned to a reception centre
These persons are entitled to medical assistance through social services. The total healthcare costs are borne by the competent Public
Centres for Social Welfare (CPAS). There is no exhaustive list to determine which medical expenses qualify for reimbursement. CPAS
should at least guarantee human dignity.
If the applicant is hospitalized for unforeseen urgent care, the CPAS of the location of the health care provider becomes responsible if the
request for help was made during his stay in hospital. In addition, the physician must write a medical certificate of urgency.
For some persons it is possible to register with the Mutual Health Insurance/Mutual Fund (ziekenfonds/mutualité)= general
- persons registered in the National Register
- some asylum seekers who have been in procedure for a very long time
- applicants who are dependent of a person registered in the National Register
The Public Centre for Social Welfare responsible for aid to the applicant, is obliged to assist the applicant to register with the Mutual Fund
of his choice. The personal contribution depends on the income of the individual and his/her family. There is an exemption from payment
for health insurance for persons whose income does not exceed the minimal wage. (the accuracy is checked by the Department for
administrative control of the Belgian social security).
Rejected Asylum Seekers:
Rejected asylum seekers may in some cases also rely on care in the assigned reception centre. Who is not entitled to care anymore, still
has a right to emergency medical assistance if in need.
1) general system for everyone which covers the medical needs of asylum seekers 2) The system of medical treatment for asylum seekers is the same as nationals. Right to free medical service. 3) Ministry of Health 4) Annual Budget of the Republic 5) The same treatment as nationals 6) the same as nationals, Constitution of the Republic, The Refugee Laws of 2000-2009 Czech Republic
1) The situation described as "b" is the case of the Czech Republic. The applicants for international protection are holders of public health insurance since, for this very purpose, they are deemed aliens with permanent residence. 2) Applicants for international protection became holders of public health insurance since the expression of their intention to apply to the Czech Republic for protection. They must undergo entry medical investigation upon arrival to reception center. 3) There is no institution specially designed to direct the system. The scope of entry medical investigation is set by the chief hygienic EMN Ad-Hoc Query: PL Medical Treatment of Asylum Seekers
officer of the Ministry of the Interior; otherwise the medical care of the applicants is identical to the general medical care. 4) Entry medical investigation is paid for by the Medical Facilities of the Ministry of the Interior. General health care is paid for by the state in terms of the public health insurance, which is analogous to the case of unemployed, students, and children. 5) The scope of medical care of applicants and of Czech citizens is similar, the only extra feature being the entry medical investigation (see above). 6) Asylum Act No. 325/1999 Coll., section 88, provides for medical care of applicants for international protection. According to the Act on Granting International Protection to Aliens the asylum seekers have right during the asylum process to emergency care and medical examinations, we don't provide other medical services. All medical costs are covered by Ministry of Social Affairs. A certain groups as children under 18 years of age and pregnant women's have right to social insurance witch are equal as other citizens residing in Estonia. According to the Victim Support Act the psychological assistance is provided to these persons. The provision of victim support services will be ensured by the Social Insurance Board in accordance with the principle of regionality. The Social Insurance Board is co-operate with state and local government authorities and legal persons in providing victim support services. Questions 1 and 6: All asylum seekers are provided with essential social and health care in accordance with section 19, Act on the
Integration of Immigrants and Reception of Asylum Seekers 493/1999.Special needs due to the age, vulnerability and physical and
mental condition of asylum seekers and beneficiaries of temporary protection shall be taken into account in organising accommodation
and in arranging their reception in general. The best interests of children shall be taken into account in reception. Children in need of
special support shall be provided with the appropriate counselling, rehabilitation and mental health services. The scope of services is then
broader than the services provided for adults.
2. While staying at the reception centre, asylum seekers may ask for advice on health matters from a nurse who will direct the applicant to
a doctor's appointment if necessary. Municipal Health Centre physician or a private practitioner will then refer the applicant to a hospital
for further treatment (if necessary).
3. The Ministry of Social Affairs and Health is in charge of the overall functioning of social and health services. It determines the course
of the development of these services, drafts legislation and steers reform processes. It monitors the implementation and quality of services
via the State Provincial Offices and the National Supervisory Authority for Welfare and Health. The Finnish Immigration Service is
responsible for the management and planning of health care services for asylum seekers. The state-run reception centres are under its
direct performance guidance and execute the plans for health care services. The centres run by municipalities and various organisations
are supervised on the basis of agreements concluded between the maintaining organisations and the Finnish Immigration Service.
4. The medical treatment (including special medical care) for asylum seekers is provided under the state budget.
5. Asylum seekers are provided with essential social and health care. See above question 1.
1) Germany provides a special system exclusively for asylum-seekers, based on sec. 4 and 6 AsylbLG (Asylum Seeker Benefits Act). Asylum-seekers who have resided in Germany for more than 48 months while awaiting a decision on their claim will, however, generally EMN Ad-Hoc Query: PL Medical Treatment of Asylum Seekers
be granted health care based on the benefits granted to German nationals. (For special features please see answer to question 2) 2) Asylum-seekers are only entitled to government aid if they have no income or assets of their own. Unless there is an emergency, asylum-seekers must receive approval from the Social Services Office prior to visiting a doctor. Medical treatment may be refused if it is not absolutely necessary or it can be performed at a later date. Additional health care services may be granted if they are necessary for the overall health of the asylum-seeker. Asylum-seekers are entitled to regular medical examinations. Pregnant women and mothers with infants have access to a wider range of health care services. 3) The Federal States have overall responsibility for the social assistance of asylum-seekers. Thus, it lies within the Federal States to determine the authorities which are in charge locally. These are in general the Local District Units. 4) The costs for medical treatment are covered by the Federal States. 5) The Asylum Seeker Benefits Act defines the scope and form of assistance granted to asylum-seekers. As a rule, in-kind benefits have priority over financial aid. In-kind benfits comprise medical and dental care if they suffer from an illness requiring treatment (sec. 4 para 1 AsylbLG). 6) Sec. 4 and 6 AsylbLG (see above). 1) A general system exists with special provisions on persons seeking recognition. Persons seeking recognition are entitled to medical treatment both during the preliminary assessment procedure and during the in-merit procedure, if they are in need of assistance. The requirement of being in need of assistance has to be examined ex officio by the asylum authority and can be determined when the person concerned does not have the necessary means of subsistence. 2) See under Q 3, 4 and 5 for the characteristics of the system. 3) The managing authority is the Office of Immigration and Nationality. The family doctor (general practitioner) treatment takes place at the reception centre. In case the person seeking recognition has accommodation outside of the reception centre, he/she is entitled to this service at the family doctor (general practitioner) of his/her residence. Specific medical treatment is provided by the competent medical service provider. 4) In general it is the asylum authority that pays or reimburses the costs of medicines, bandage, therapeutic equipments or medical treatments. 5) Persons seeking recognition, who are not in a social security relation, are entitled free of charge to the specific benefits listed in the relevant Government Decree, such as to: - examinations and treatments under the scope of treatments provided by a family doctor (general practitioner), - examinations, treatments, medicines provided during outpatient or in-patient medical treatment in emergency, EMN Ad-Hoc Query: PL Medical Treatment of Asylum Seekers
- emergency dental care, - pre-natal and obstetrical care, - certain medicines, - obligatory vaccination based on age. 6) Government Decree 301/2007 (XI.9.) on the implementation of the Asylum Act lists the rules related to the medical treatment of persons seeking recognition. The government of Ireland implements a scheme of Direct Provision for asylum seekers – asylum seekers and people seeking other forms of protection are provided with accommodation on a full board basis with all basic needs provided for…including a weekly allowance of €19.10 per adult and €9.60 per child. Asylum seekers are accommodated in designated direct provision hostels. Information around the Direct Provision system, numbers of people accommodated via this system etc may be found on the website www.ria.gov.ie/ A person seeking asylum in Ireland is entitled to a "medical card" if he/she fulfils the means teat – which he/she will in most cases, due to lack of income. This card entitles him/her to access free medical services, including General Practitioner services, public hospital in and out patient services, dental, optical and aural services, maternity and infant care services and grants and psychological services. Costs of providing these services would be funded by the Health Service Executive – a statutory national health service that provides health and personal care services across the country. The HSE National Intercultural Health Strategy 2007-2012 provides a framework within which the health and care needs of people from diverse ethnic and cultural backgrounds may be addressed. The unique needs of asylum seekers and refugees are discussed in this document, with associated recommendations. This strategy may be viewed on the www.hse.ie website (under "Publications") The reception of asylum applicants in Italy is implemented through a decentralized system, the so called Protection System for Asylum Applicants and Refugees (SPRAR). SPRAR reception system offers several kind of services including healthcare through the National Health System (SSN). SSN Registration is compulsory and provides full access to all levels of care at the same conditions as Italian citizens. The rules on healthcare to foreigners entering the SSN are contained in Art. 34, Law 286/98 (Consolitated Text on Migration). Even those who are not accepted into the SPRAR system still have the right to qualify for free emergency care by the SSN. In accordance with 17.p. of the Cabinet Regulations from 19 December, 2006, Nr.1046 "The arrangements of health care organization and financing" the Ministry of Interior covers the costs for the asylum seekers of health care services (primary health care) which needed at their accommodation time and place and in accordance with the Medical Treatments Law are guaranteed to those persons. In accordance with the Regulations of the Ministry of Interior after the acceptance of the asylum seeker in the Asylum Seekers Reception Centre (hereinafter – the Centre), the asylum seeker is taken to the Health Centre of the Ministry of Interior to perform the mandatory medical examination (lung X-ray and to determine whether a person's hair, and clothes have louses). To ensure the primary health care to the asylum seeker who is accommodated in the Centre, the Centre explains for asylum seeker the order of the receipt of primary health care and on the asylum seeker's request if the Centre has sufficient resources organizes the convey of asylum seeker to the health centre for receiving primary health care. In certain cases of emergency medical assistance, maternity assistance and Epidemiological Safety Law as well as for treatment of the EMN Ad-Hoc Query: PL Medical Treatment of Asylum Seekers
tuberculosis necessary medicines are covered from the financial resources of the state budget provided to health care. Lithuania
1. The system of medical treatment for asylum seekers is general system, but specials provisions apply for them (after they submit an application for asylum). 2. After submitting an application for asylum, asylum seekers become medically insured according to the law on Health insurance of the Republic of Lithuania. They can receive all emergency care, primary care services and special medical services. 3. State Health care institutions are in charge of the management of the medical support system for asylum seekers. 4. The costs of medical services for asylum seekers are covered with the National Budget funds in accordance with the procedure laid down by the Government of the Republic of Lithuania or an institution authorised by it. 5. According to the needs, emergency and primary care services, as well as special medical services are provided to asylum seekers. The Law on Health insurance of the Republic of Lithuania is the main legal act regulating the provision of medical services to asylum seekers. Luxembourg
1) answer c) 2) In order to obtain a membership in Luxembourg's health insurance, i.e. the "Caisse nationale de santé" (CNS), without having a work contract, one needs to apply for a facultative insurance. In this case, the applicant has a waiting period of three months. The monthly membership fee is currently € 90,86 (2010). For all insured persons, the out-of-pocket money will be reimbursed, if it exceeds 2.5 percent of the yearly wage (Statuts de la Caisse Nationale de Santé: CNS, art. 154 bis: http://www.secu.lu/legis/Statucm/statactuel/stat_d.html#c16). Given the monthly social allowance of € 116,20 for a single adult (if full board is provided by OLAI (Luxembourg Reception and Integration Agency of the Ministry of Family and Integration); cf. grand-ducal decree of 1 September 2006), applicants for international protection (AIPs) with continuous and important medical needs cannot cope with the on average 5 percent. Thus, AIPs would award the annual reimbursement. However, OLAI intervenes directly with a "fonds de roulement" (working capital) allowing the health officer to reimburse the out-of-pocket money. In order to award this supplementary help, the AIPs have to introduce a demand to the health officer of OLAI. 3) The health officer of OLAI (Luxembourg Reception and Integration Agency of the Ministry of Family and Integration) 4) During the whole asylum procedure, OLAI takes over the payment of the monthly fee. Luxembourg's out-of-pocket money is the lowest within the OECD countries (OECD, 2008, OECD Economic Surveys Luxembourg, vol. 2008/12, Paris: OECD: 123), approximately 5 percent of costs of provided health provisions (rates of out-of-pocket money vary: medicaments can be reimbursed at a rate of 40, 80 or 100 percent, visits of the general practitioner (GP) or the specialist at a rate of 90 percent, laboratory analysis at 100 percent). 5) During the first three months, i.e. the waiting period, OLAI provides AIPs with a "bon de prise en charge" (coverage voucher),
giving them access to urgent health services according to CNS tariffs. These urgent provisions are e.g. visits to the GP, the
specialist, urgent surgeries, medicaments and laboratory provisions which have been prescribed by a doctor, etc. There is no need
to introduce a demand before using these provisions. For other provisions, the AIP needs first a 'placet' by the health officer of
OLAI, e.g.: dentist treatment, glasses, other surgeries).
After this waiting period for full membership of CNS, AIPs are awarded the same conditions as other insured persons with a
"carte de santé" (national health insurance card).
6) Grand-ducal decree of 1 September 2006 EMN Ad-Hoc Query: PL Medical Treatment of Asylum Seekers
The Netherlands had a special system exclusively for asylum seekers. However it is closely linked to our general system and based on the Dutch Health Care Insurance Law and General Law for Special Medical Expenses. The Regulation on Health Care for Asylum Seekers was formulated by the Central Agency for the Reception of Asylum Seekers (COA). COA is an independent administrative body funded by the Ministry of Justice. The Health Care Centre Asylum seekers (GC A) is a GP's practice organized nationwide to be the first contact point for medical care for all asylum seekers in the Netherlands. The GC A sees to the access to so-called primary care, GP's, dentists and hospitals. Public health care directed at prevention, screening and treatment of TB, remains a task of the municipalities and their regional health services. Each asylum seeker is being registered with a GP practise that works with the GC A near the Asylum seekers Centre where the asylum seeker is living. The GP offers the same care to asylum seekers as it is offered to all regular patients. The GP is responsible for the primary health care, just like he is for all Dutch patients. In order to book an appointment with a GP, the asylum seeker phones the GC A Practice line. This is a medical call centre where health care assistants –cooperating closely with the GP's- help asylum seekers with their medical questions. Asylum seekers are insured for most medical costs. However some costs, like for example IVF, are excluded. On the other hand the GP pays a lot of attention to mental support and social medical advice because of the situation the asylum seekers are in. The health insurance is being paid by COA. Medical services for persons applying for refugee status or asylum on the territory of The Republic of Poland, in its basic foundation, is based on the system of our country, but should be seen as a system which is separate for asylum seekers. The Institution which manages the system of medical services for asylum seekers is The Office for Foreigners- in accordance with the regulations of the below mentioned act, which puts the duty of granting medical services for persons applying for refugee status or asylum. Costs resulting from medical services for persons applying for refugee status or asylum are covered from the financial resources of the Office for Foreigners, which are in the disposal of the Head of The Office and come from the state budget. Foreigners applying for refugee status or asylum- who figure in the records of the Bureau of Organization of Centres, of the Office for Foreigners as persons eligible to benefit from social services are granted medical services according to the Act of 13 June 2003 "On granting protection to aliens within the territory of the Republic of Poland" /Journal of Laws. dated 2003, No 128, item. 1176 with amendments/. According to article 73, paragraph 1 of the above quoted act "medical services include health care in the sphere, in which persons covered with obligatory or optional medical insurance receive the right to benefit from services according to the act of 27 August 2004 on health care services financed from public sources (Journal of Laws, No 210, item. 2135, with amendments), with the exclusion of spa treatment ". Medical services are realized based on civil-law agreements signed between the Head of the Office and healthcare providers EMN Ad-Hoc Query: PL Medical Treatment of Asylum Seekers
selected in public contract proceedings. Foreigners applying for refugee status or asylum are granted the following medical services: basic health care, specialist consultations, specialist examination, hospitalization, medical services included in the State Medical Rescue system, rehabilitation and dentist surgery. Basic health care services are realized in medical points, which are localized in each centre for persons applying for refugee status or asylum, however examinations, specialist consultations and hospitalization take place in the mandatary hospitals or in other medical health care centers with which the mandatary has signed agreements. At the same time, according to the act of General Health Insurance, each person on the territory of Poland- in the situation of sudden illness- can appoint to the nearest medical outpost. This also applies to foreigners. Portugal
According to the legal framework (Act n.º 27/2008, of 30th of June) which establishes the conditions and procedures for granting asylum or subsidiary protection and the status of asylum, refugee and subsidiary protection to applicants, in article 52º "Medical and medical drugs assistance": it is recognized to the asylum or subsidiary protection seekers and respective members of the family the access to the National Health Service, according to the terms to be defined by common decree from the members of the Government responsible for the Home Office and Health. The documentary evidence of the application for asylum or subsidiary protection submission, issued in accordance with Article 14.º of this Act, is considered to be enough to prove the quality of applicant, for the purposes of the established in the previous number. Medical assistance or any other assistance deemed necessary shall be rendered to particularly vulnerable applicants. Slovak Republic
1. Health care is provided in line with the Chapter II, Article 15, paragraph 1 and 2 of the Council directive 2003/9/EC of 27 January 2003 laying down minimum standards for the reception of asylum seekers in which the minimum standards to be provided to the migrants coming to the territory of the MS are laid down. In line with this directive the Slovak Republic is providing necessary health care for the asylum seekers which include at least the emergency health care and acute treatment of the illnesses. These provisions are included in the Act on Asylum (No. 480/2002). To the asylum seeker who is not subject of the public health insurance the necessary health care is provided. The necessary health care is provided also to minor asylum seekers, who are victims of abuse, neglect, exploitation, torture or a cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment, or who have suffered from consequences of an armed conflict. For the purpose of provision of the health care the Ministry of Interior issues to the asylum seekers a certificate of authorisation to health care. The specimen of this authorisation is provided by the provider of the health care and is published on the website of the General Health Insurance Company. The Ministry of Interior pays for the health care provided on the territory of the Slovak Republic to an alien who was granted subsidiary protection and does not have public health insurance. The Ministry pays for it in the extent normally paid based on public health insurance. For the purposes of provision of the health care, the Ministry issues to an alien who was granted subsidiary protection a certificate of authorisation to health care. According to Act on Asylum article 23, par. 5, the Ministry of Interior may decide, that the asylum seeker is obliged to adequately cover the expenses relating to his stay in the asylum facility or integration centre, or the cost of medical care provided, if his/her financial and proprietary circumstances are such, that it is possible to request from him/her at least a partial payment of the expenses relating to this stay. 2. Within the asylum system and in line with the Act on Asylum, Article 22, paragraph 5 and regarding the possible health risks connected with the integration of the aliens, the Migration Office of the Ministry of Interior provides to the asylum seekers the primary and secondary health care via contracted health institutions and by qualified medical personnel. EMN Ad-Hoc Query: PL Medical Treatment of Asylum Seekers
The health care to asylum seekers in the Slovak Republic is provided in the form of the medical-preventive care in the extent of the necessary and urgent health care in line with the Act on Medical Care (No. 98/1995). In the asylum facilities of the Migration Office of the Ministry of Interior they are provided the primary and secondary health care by a nurse and contracted doctor. The asylum seekers in line with the Act on Asylum and within the asylum system have to go through the entrance medical tests including blood tests and X ray examination and are in the quarantine for 30 days in the reception centre. When the asylum seekers after 1 year of their stay on the territory of the Slovak Republic find job and are employed they are subject of public health insurance as the citizens of the Slovak Republic and the health care is paid by the health insurance company. 3. Migration Office of the Ministry of Interior of the Slovak Republic secures the control of the medical services provided to the asylum seekers via the contracted insurance company. Registration and the documentation of the health care files of the asylum seekers is administrated by the Migration Office of the Ministry of Interior via its contracted doctors, working in the asylum facilities in line with the legislation of the Slovak Republic. It means that each asylum seeker has health record document which is kept by that asylum facility where he/she is accommodated. 4. Migration Office of the Ministry of Interior of the Slovak Republic in line with the Act on Asylum. 5.According to Article 22 Paragraph 5 of the Act on Asylum, the Ministry of Interior pays for an urgent health care on behalf of an asylum seeker, who does not have a public insurance (Article 3 of the Act No. 580/2004 Coll. on Medical Insurance and Changing and Amending of the Act No. 95/2002 Coll. on Insurance System and Changing and Amending of Some Acts, as amended) if based on individual examination of the asylum seeker's health condition there are determined special needs for provision of health care, the Ministry of Interior shall also cover the costs of such health care in the cases worth special attention. The Ministry of Interior shall ensure adequate health care to minor asylum seekers, who are victims of abuse, neglect, exploitation, torture or a cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment, or who have suffered from consequences of an armed conflict. For the purposes of provision of health care, the Ministry of Interior provides the asylum seeker with a document confirming authorisation to provision of health care. 6. The legal base is derived from Chapter II, Article 15, paragraph 1 and 2 of the Council directive 2003/9/EC of 27 January 2003 laying down minimum standards for the reception of asylum seekers. Provision of the health care to the asylum seekers is regulated by the Act on Asylum, Article 22, Paragraph 5. In case of an person granted asylum the legal base is the Act on establishment of the General Health Insurance Company on the financing of the health insurance and on establishment of the governmental department, branch, corporation and civil health insurance companies (No. 273/1994) based on which the same health care is provided to these persons as to the citizens of the Slovak Republic. Further Acts are: Constitution of the Slovak Republic Act on provision of health care (No.576/2004) Act on the extent of the health care paid based on the public health insurance and on the payments of provided health care services (No. 577/2004) EMN Ad-Hoc Query: PL Medical Treatment of Asylum Seekers
Act on health insurance (No. 580/2004 ) Act on health insurance companies and on monitoring of the provision of the health care (No. 581/2004 ) Act on medicines and medical instruments (No. 140/1998 ) Act on health care providers (No. 578/2004) International Agreements of which the Slovak Republic is a party, e.g. European Social Charter Slovenia
Answer under point 1.) and point 6.) The right of the applicants for international protection (hereinafter applicants) to medical services originates from the International Protection Act (Off.Gaz.RS, no. 111/07, 58/09 and 111/08 – decision by Constitutional Court, hereinafter Act. In the Republic of Slovenia we have a general system with special provisions for applicants originating from the above Act. Answer under point 2.) By virtue of Article 84 of the Act, the applicants have the right to: 1. Urgent medical assistance and transport by ambulance car based on the physician's decision and urgent dental interventions/assistance; 2. Urgent therapy by decision of the doctor treating the applicant that includes: preserving vital functions, stopping major haemorrhages or preventing bleeding to death; preventing a sudden deterioration of condition that may cause permanent dysfunction of individual organs or vital functions; treatment of shock; services concerning chronic diseases and conditions the neglect of which can directly or in a short time cause disability other permanent damage or death; treatment of fevers and preventing infections from spreading that could cause sepsis; treatment or prevention of poisoning; treatment of bone fracture or dislocation and other injuries requiring the intervention of a doctor; medication from the so called "positive list" in line with the list of interchangeable medication on prescription for treating the above diseases and conditions; - health care of women: contraceptives, termination of pregnancy, medical care during pregnancy and at childbirth. Vulnerable persons with special needs and exceptionally other applicants have the right to a larger scope of health services. Answer under points 3.) and 4.) An alien who expresses the intention to file an application for international protection is before submitting this application examined by a physician. This involves a preventive medical check-up performed by a physician in the premises of Asylum Centre. The payer of this examination is the Ministry of the Interior. The curative activities in the area of medical care are performed by a locally responsible health centre. The payer of these activities is however the Ministry of Health. EMN Ad-Hoc Query: PL Medical Treatment of Asylum Seekers
Answer under point 5.) Applicants in the Republic of Slovenia are as a matter of principle entitled to the most urgent medical care. Vulnerable persons with special needs and exceptionally other applicants are entitled to additional medical services approved and defined by a special commission operating within the Ministry of the Interior of the Republic of Slovenia. In Sweden the county councils are responsible for health and medical care. Asylum seekers have the right to a free medical examination. Adult asylum seekers are entitled to emergency or urgent medical and dental care and gynaecological and pre-natal care. Children (under the age of 18) asylum seekers are entitled to the same health care as all others who live in Sweden. The asylum seeker has to pay a fee (approximately 5 euro) the rest of the cost is covered by the county councils but in case of expensive care cost can be reimbursed by the Swedish Migration Board. The legal base is an Act which in translation is called "Act on Health and Medical Care for Asylum Seekers and others" (SFS 2008:344). United Kingdom
Asylum-seekers and their dependants are eligible to receive health care from the National Health Service (NHS), which entitles them to free medical treatment by a general practitioner (GP) or at a hospital. Asylum-seekers who are receiving housing and social assistance from the UK Border Agency may also obtain supplementary free health care services, such as NHS prescriptions and dental care. Other asylum-seekers may apply to receive these services free of charge on the grounds of low income. Pending removal from the UK, rejected asylum-seekers are entitled to receive free medical treatment in Accident and Emergency departments and for specified infectious diseases such as tuberculosis. They may also receive immediately necessary treatment regardless of their ability to pay for it. Other treatment may be given at the discretion of the hospital concerned. Rejected asylum-seekers may continue, free of charge, treatment started prior to a final decision on the claim until they leave the UK. For more information and detailed advice please consult http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/Healthcare/International/AsylumseekersAndrefugees/index.htm ***********************
Source: http://emn.lt/old/uploads/files/77_doc_2_150406.pdf
Sunflowerreport_032408
Sunflower Electric Drew Fryer Power: Carbon Senior Analyst, Sydney Innovest Strategic Value Advisors [email protected] Risks Outweigh Eric Kane Senior Analyst, New York Benefits of Innovest Strategic Value Advisors [email protected] Holcomb Expansion Mario Lopez-Alcala
Microsoft word - man1251_1262.doc
M.A. Al-Bayati/Medical Veritas 4 (2007) 1251–1262 Analysis of causes that led to the development of vitiligo in Jeanett's case with recommendations for clinical tests and treatments Mohammed Ali Al-Bayati, Ph.D., DABT, DABVT Toxicologist & Pathologist Toxi-Health International 150 Bloom Drive, Dixon, CA 95620 Phone: +1 707 678 4484 Fax: +1 707 678 8505


text:
Q: license info of a deb package I am trying to get license information of uninstalled deb packages.
dpkg --info <package-name>.deb does not give that information.
Is there any command in ubuntu which will give this info?
(In rpm world rpm -qpi gives that info)

A: There's no simple command that I know of. You can do something like this:
dpkg-deb --fsys-tarfile foo.deb |tar -xvO ./usr/share/doc/foo/copyright

This prints the file to standard output.
Edit Hmm, that sounds hard. After a quick perusal of the apt cache on my Debian system, I found some phrases that might be useful:

*

*"GNU General Public License"

*"the above copyright notice and this permission notice", making sure you unwrap lines first

*"/usr/share/common-licenses/*"
This seems to be the closest to a standard license you'll get, but be careful since often the packaging is under a common-license, but the package contents are under a separate license.

*^License: MPL-1.1 | GPL-2+ | Apache-2.0
However, some packages (ImageMagick) simply have a free-form license in the copyright file that doesn't really conform to any stock license, except that someone considered it DFSG-approved.
Update 2012: This is beginning to change, as the debian/copyright file is now required to be machine-interpretable, so you can look forward to this in the future.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


In 2013, a group of researchers, including the Eno Center for Transportation, visited Chicago to analyze the region's transit issues and make recommendations that could help Chicago's Regional Transportation Authority (RTA) overcome recurrent challenges in the distribution of transit funds. It soon became clear that RTA did not actually have a funding distribution problem—instead RTA's problems were rooted in the institutional arrangements that governed the region's transit network. The study also revealed that flaws in RTA's governance structure impeded its ability to coordinate regional transit service and related investment decisions, and contributed to chronic underinvestment in Chicago's transit network.
This revelation led to an obvious question: could regional governance be at the root of problems faced by transit systems in other regions? Some regions have struggled to create universal farecards with updated technology. Other regions have targeted investment to new projects while neglecting the core network. Many regions struggle with coordinating service and interfaces between different operators or transit modes. If regions attempt to solve these problems without resolving their governance issues, they—like Chicago—may be fighting a losing battle.
local- and state-level policy makers interested in understanding the transit governance structures of other regions, and in exploring opportunities to improve performance and customer experience on their systems. While recognizing that each region is unique in its history, jurisdictional boundaries, and transit network organization, this report concludes with several recommendations for improving existing transit governance structures.
This study is framed around the relationships between regionalism, funding, and customer service. An effective governance structure must address the fact that most bus and rail lines do not end, and should not end, at a city, county, or state border. Like other regional networks, transit can be more effective when it is planned, organized, and operated with a regional perspective. This report not only examines the governance of individual transit agencies, but also the larger interactions between organizations and the influence of funding and governance on the way investments and decisions are made. Recognizing that the ultimate goal of regional transit is to add economic, social, and environmental value by efficiently moving residents and visitors, this study adopts a customer perspective when evaluating different transit governance structures and their ability to deliver the kinds of services that enable regional economies to succeed.
The case study regions are Chicago, Boston, Dallas/Fort Worth, Minneapolis/St. Paul, New York City Tri-State region, and the San Francisco Bay Area. As a group, they represent diverse geographic regions and distinct approaches to complex transit governance issues. Through conversations with experts in each region, the team compiled key themes and lessons from each region and supplemented this research with additional data where necessary. Every case study was evaluated independently to demonstrate the different approaches that regions have taken, with varying degrees of success, to foster regional connectivity.


Ever wanted to have as much time in game life as in your real life? Realtime plugin binds your game to our real life server time!
The Blocksniper plugin is the ultimate tool for world editors and architects. With a golden carrot in the hand you shape, paint and move your Pocketmine world as a professional artist. A must for all pocketmine world designers!
More stable as ever! Cheers to the PMMP team and devfriends, great work!


Unlock the secrets of Andalusian gastronomy with a local guide by your side on a foodie journey through Seville, hunting down the finest produce the region has to offer.
The enchanting streets of Seville hide a (poorly kept) secret!
"Visiting the markets of Seville with Javi was like visiting a friend and them show off their city. Javi was passionate and encouraged questions, all the while sharing his version of Seville and it's history."
"Esther took us through 3 different markets where we visited many stalls and had multiple tastings of local produce. A great tour from an extremely enthusiastic and knowledgeable guide in Esther."
"Private tour in Sevilla with David : splendid ! He showed me the highlights I wanted to see and we visited two typical bars where we had great tapas."
David Ciudad heads the Seville Urban Adventures Team. David is a true and local Sevillian who knows every single inch of his iconic city.
David is a lifelong explorer, who has done his fair share of traveling to discover other customs and cultures.
After working as a biologist for many years, he finally decided to follow his passion for travel and talent for looking after people by starting a career as a local guide.


As it's said, if a foreign student does not have a girlfriend, he would start physical exercises sooner or later, because he has nothing else to do.
This is very true of me.
When I was an undergraduate student in Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU), although the university has a gym, it only has a few treadmills and ellipticals, and students must pay an entrance fee upon each usage. I never went to this gym. There was no swimming pool at SJTU, and a security guard once warned me not to swim in the lake, when I stepped one foot into the lake trying to feel the water temperature.
The nearby East China Normal University (ECNU) has a better gym which includes a heated swimming pool that is open year-round. My father bought me some tickets for ¥20 each, and I used to go swimming there once a week. This routine continued during my two years working in a company in Shanghai: on Saturdays, I drove to ECNU for swimming. My father sometimes went with me, and he taught me some swimming skills.
Within two days after I landed in Tucson, I started swimming again, in the small pool at Grant Inn.
During the orientations, I heard that there is an Olympic-size swimming pool at University of Arizona's Campus Rec. I became interested immediately. However, reading through Campus Rec's website, it was unclear whether I could take a shower before and after my swimming, and where to place my belongings while I'm swimming. I sent an email to ask the aquatics office, and I was told that there are showers and day-use lockers, and I just need to bring a combination lock.
I spent an hour in Walmart searching for a combination lock, and finally found it. I imagined a combination lock to have three or four single-digit dials, but this lock looks nothing like that. A Walmart associate taught me how to open this lock.
The darker your skin is, the more attractive you are.
My routine is 6 laps (300 feet total), doing backstroke southbound and breaststroke northbound. The goal is to complete this routine within 8 minutes. I can finish in time about half of the time. There is also one lap of warming up at the beginning, and one lap of relaxation at the end which could take up to 5 minutes.
In the summer, Campus Rec would sometimes setup the pool in a "long course" arrangement, where each lap is 100 meters. I still swam 6 laps, all as breaststroke, and it usually takes 20 minutes.
My research often involved long simulations taking hours to complete. Whenever those experiments were running, I would go floating in the apartment pool.
NorthPointe Apartments has a big pool. University Arms has a little pool. Those floating times are less "swimming" and more "playing with water".
When I was on conference trips, I wouldn't forget my swim suits, and jump in hotel pools whenever I have a chance.
Swimming was my primary form of exercise during my first three years at University of Arizona. I added weight lifting on my fourth year but never stopped swimming. I enjoyed floating in the pool as an exercise and as a relaxation.


Result may be the destruction of most modern electronics and the electrical and communications grid.
A Coronal Mass Ejection has happened in the past (Carrington Event, SEP 1-2, 1859), and is almost certain to happen again at some point.
1) They are relatively high probability given a long enough time frame.
2) They have the potential to end civilization as we know it. EMP, whether natural or man-made, is just such a scenario.
EMP has the potential to throw technology back to the early 1800's. Our ancestors were able to cope with that, and so can we. Focus on the adjustment period.
Electronics can survive EMP by shielding or by design. Electrically sealed metal garbage cans and similar metal containers may function as Faraday cages.
Focus on non-electric technology is a good, safe strategy.


If you 've found a pan of brownies to be an ideal television-watching companion, potato chips to be a great way to unwind at the end of a tough day or macaroni and cheese to be the perfect cure for loneliness, you probably know the power of food in stifling emotions.
Many people struggle with emotional eating, also called compulsive overeating, because food can be a powerful mood moderator. Much like alcohol and drugs, it has a chemical effect in our bodies. Traditional comfort foods, such as doughnuts, pasta and potatoes, are high in carbohydrates that when ingested increase serotonin levels in the brain and elevate mood.
Until all the recent publicity surrounding obesity-related diseases and their cost to society, overeating was a socially acceptable drug. But unlike drugs (or alcohol), abstinence from food is not an option; our bodies need it to survive.
The first step to overcoming emotional eating is understanding your triggers. In most cases, it's any form of discomfort — anger, stress, boredom, loneliness, depression or any other emotion that causes an uncomfortable change in mood. Even positive emotions, like excitement, can be triggers if you find the shift difficult to tolerate.
To identify your triggers, you'll need to make a conscious effort when the urge presents itself to ask yourself why you want to eat. If the reason isn't physical hunger, consider what may be happening in that moment that's causing you to turn to food.
When the urge to eat is unrelated to hunger, allow at least 20 minutes to pass before giving in to the temptation. Use that time to take some deep breaths, jot down what you're feeling and concentrate on something other than food. Chances are if you can get your mind off the craving and delay the immediate gratification, the urge will subside.
Tracking your emotional triggers in a journal will help you identify where you're most susceptible. In times when you're less emotional, you can examine those triggers and determine other things you can try before turning to food.
If you find loneliness is a trigger, make a plan to phone or e-mail a friend at those times. If you're anxious, you may find exercising or playing with your children a healthy distraction. If you want to celebrate or reward yourself, soak in a hot tub or go to the movies. If you find anger is often at the root of your overeating, take steps to assert yourself and express your emotions in a more healthy way.
Occasionally compulsive overeating is physiological, rather than psychological, as some medical conditions may cause an increase in appetite. It's important to rule out those factors, so be sure to get a physical and talk to your doctor about your symptoms.
As you strive to overcome emotional eating, you may find support groups or individual therapy can make a big difference in your success. Talking through the issues that drive overeating can help you put old issues to rest and learn alternative, healthier ways to deal with new challenges.


The Outback Alliance is a cross-sectoral group of non-government organisations and individuals who have a focus on the development, welfare and protection of Outback Australian communities and nature.
The Alliance works together to advise, assist and advocate to all levels of government to adopt an approach to policy development and implementation that ensures the sustainable development of Outback Australia.
The vision of the Alliance is for a thriving Outback Australia, for the people and the land.
Feature photo: Flying drone in Outback Australia | Broadband for the Bush Alliance.


Designed by John Briscella using Autodesk software, the Optimal Bow would be perfect for a cybernetic Katniss Everdeen.
Humans have been building bows for thousands of years–there's some evidence that they go back 70,000 years–but can computers design one? That's the question amateur archer John Briscella of the Brooklyn-based Aminimal Studio recently asked. The result of his exploration is the Optimal Bow, an aluminum arrow shooter designed algorithmically.
Meant as a tribute to archery, art, and technology all at once, the Optimal Bow was created by first scanning an existing bow into a computer. Briscella then taught Autodesk's Dreamcatcher software what the weapon's major points of interest are: where a bow is held, where the arrow sits, how much force the bow needs to be able to withstand, and so on. Dreamcatcher was then told to make the optimal bow out of aluminum, using the inputted design specifications.
Although the finished product is called the Optimal Bow, it isn't necessarily better than a regular bow, Briscella says. "I can't say it's superior to any bow yet, except maybe the first bow ever made," he says. But he hopes that generative design can eventually have a major impact on the sport. Briscella is currently talking to world champion archers and Olympic-quality bowmakers to leverage generative design to create the next-generation of bow.


text:
HOME | CONTACT US | SITE MAP | SEARCH
GENESIS R & D
Lion's Mane Mushroom Extract 8:1 - Certified Organic
NAMMEX Quality Verified
Product Code: HeMuEx81
Printer-Friendly PDF
Mushrooms are a flavorful and nutritious food group. Good sources of B-Vitamins: Thiamine, Riboflavin and Niacin. They contain all the essential amino acids. Mushrooms have also been used for thousands of years as some of the most effective, yet benign, of many plants that formed the oriental herbal tradition. Garuda International offers many species of the highest quality mushroom extract powders available in the world today. All are certified organically grown and some have standardized levels of active compounds. These are perfect powdered materials for formulating dietary supplements and natural cosmetics.
Lion's Mane () product code HeMuEx81 is a water only extract that contains compounds which stimulate the synthesis of Nerve Growth Factor NGF, a protein responsible for boosting neurite outgrowth. These compounds have been identified as erinacines, erinacerins and hericinones. It has also been used for gastritis.
Mushroom extracts can be considered some of the first nutraceuticals - food concentrated into medicinal form. Garuda's extracts are carefully produced according to cGMP standards from select raw materials. Many of our extracts are standardized to contain guaranteed levels of active compounds.
Aoki, T. 1984. Lentinan. In Immune Modulation Agents and Their Mechanisms. R.L. Fenichel and M. A. Chirgis, eds. Immunology Studies. 25:62-77., Bo, L. and Bau Yun-sun. 1980. Fungi Pharmacopoeia (Sinica). Oakland: Kinoko Co., Chang, H.M. and P. Pui-Hay But. 1987. Pharmacology and Applications of Chinese Materia Medica. Vol. 2. Singapore: World Scientific., Chang, H.M., ed. et al. 1984. Advances in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. Singapore: World Scientific., Huidi, F. and W. Zhiyuan. 1982. The clinical effects of Ganoderma lucidum spore preparations in 10 cases of atrophic myotonia. J. Trad. Chin. Med. 2:63-65.,Miller, D. 1994. Current clinical protocol submitted to the N.I.H. Scientific Director Cancer Treatment Research Foundation, Arlington Heights, IL.,Nanba, H. 1994a. Power of maitake mushroom. Explore Professional (in press)., Nanba, H. 1994b. Activity of maitake D-fraction to prevent cancer growth and metastasis. J. Naturopathic Med. (In press)., Opletal, L. 1993. Phytotherapeutic aspects of diseases of the circulatory system. 2. The oyster mushroom and its potential use. Cesk. Farm. 42:160-166., Sharon, T.M. 1988. Personal Observations: Lentinus edodes (shiitake) mycelial extract. Typescript., Willard, T. 1990. Reishi Mushroom. Herb of Spiritual Potency and Medical Wonder. Issaquah: Sylvan Press., Yang, Q.Y. & S.C. Jong. 1989. Medicinal mushroom in China. Mushroom Science. XII. (Part I): 631-643. Proceeding of the Twelft International Congress on the Science and Cultivation of Edible Fungi. From K. Grabbe and O. Hilber (eds.). Braunschweig - Germany: Institue fr Bodenbiologie, Bundesforschungsanstolt fr Londwirtschoft., Ying, J. et al. 1987. Icones of Medicinal Fungi From China. Translated by X. Yuehan. Beijing: Science Press., Yoshioka, Y. et al. 1973. Studies on antiumor polysaccharides of Flammulina velutipes (Curt. ex Fr.) Sing. I. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 21:1772-1776.
Revision Date: 11/03/2019
To our knowledge, the above information is accurate and reliable, but we offer no warranty other than that the product conforms to our current product specifications. Statements concerning use of this product are not intended to suggest suitability for any formulations or use of the product violating any patent or as a warranty of non-infringement on any product. Analytical methods and specifications are subject to change without notice. Product statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.
Home | Contact Us | Site Map | Search | Job Opportunities
© 2020 Garuda International, Inc. - all rights reserved

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Sara Kety #TBT Onesie 0-6 Months, Pink makes a great gift for your next baby shower.
The Sara Kety #TBT Onesie, 0-6 Months is a the perfect gift for our next baby shower.
The Sara Kety B.Y.O.B Onesie, 0-6 Months is a great gift for your next baby shower.
The Sara Kety Dad Van Onesie, 0-6 Months is a great gift for your next baby shower.
The Sara Kety Daddy Proof Onesie, Blue 0-6 Months will make a great gift for your next baby shower.
The Sara Kety Daddy Proof Onesie, Pink 0-6 Months will make a great gift for your next baby shower.
The Sara Kety DLF Onesie, 0-6 Months is the perfect gift for your next baby shower.
The Sara Kety Flawless Onesie Pink, 0-6 Months is the perfect gift for your next baby shower.
The Sara Kety GPS Onesie, 0-6 Months makes a great gift for your next baby shower.
The Sara Kety Grandma Was Here Onesie, 0-6 Months is the perfect gift for your next baby shower.
The Sara Kety Grandpa's XOXO Onesie, 0-6 Months is the perfect gift for your next baby shower.
The Sara Kety Her Majesty Onesie Hot Pink, 0-6 Months will make a great gift for your next baby shower.
The Sara Kety I Love My Aunt Onesie, 0-6 Months will make a great gift for your next baby shower.
The Sara Kety IPood Onesie Green, 0-6 Months will make a great gift for your next baby shower.
The Sara Kety IPood Onesie Silver, 0-6 Months is the perfect gift for your next baby shower.
The Sara Kety Jail Onesie Orange, 0-6 Months is a hilarious gift for your next baby shower.
The Sara Kety Neigh Neigh Onesie, 0-6 Months will make a great gift for your next baby shower.
The Sara Kety Pink Bag With Pearls Onesie, 0-6 Months will make a great gift for your next baby shower.
The Sara Kety Said No Grandparent Onesie, 0-6 Months is the perfect gift for your next baby shower.
The Sara Kety Stop Texting Onesie, 0-6 Months is the perfect gag gift for your next baby shower.
The Sara Kety Tiny Tux Onesie, 0-6 Months will make a memorable gift for your next baby shower.
The Sara Kety WTF Onesie, 0-6 Months is the perfect gift for your next baby shower.
The Sara Key Houndstooth Bag Onesie, 0-6 Months is a great gift for your next baby shower.


Powering up the World. We enable individuals and organizations to be part of creating a sustainable world. Our products and services help to conserve energy, to use energy efficiently, and generate clean renewable energy. We seek to inspire, educate, and assist our clients in achieving their goals of cost stability, energy independence, and environmental stewardship.
Product types: DC to AC Hybrid power inverters, hybrid power systems, photovoltaic modules, photovoltaic systems, solar street lighting, remote home power systems, Custom designed Solar Power Applications, Solar Lighting Solutions, Solar Pumps. Solar Home Appliances. .
Advantech has been established with a very clear focus to distribute advance technology greener products to not only cater market demand of alternative energy but that should be affordable for common people. Company is backed by professionals having years of experience in the industry of alternative energy and water purification. We are not just box movers but understand technicalities thatâ�™s why bring latest technology products. Our product range cover UPS & Power Inverters 675VA to 10KVA, Tubular batteries 120 â�" 200Amp, Solar batteries, solar lights, solar panels, solar chargers and RO water Purifiers.
Product types: backup power systems, uninterruptible power supplies UPS, solar lighting systems, LED lighting.
We are dealing in solar panels, solar inverters, galvanised mounting structure etc and installations of industrial, commercial and residential units.
Product types: solar charge controllers, solar electric power systems, solar street lighting, solar water pumping systems, solar water pumping system components, solar street lighting.
Product types: DC to AC power inverters, air cooling systems, backup power systems, DC to DC power converters.
Product types: energy recovery ventilation system components (ERV components).


text:
WAT RATTANA CHAI
Wat Rattana Chai, or the Monastery of Supreme Victory, is located in the south-eastern part of Ayutthaya's city island in Ho Rattana Chai Sub-district. The modern monastery stands on the premises of an older temple called Wat Jin, or the Chinese Monastery. Wat Rattana Chai can be easily accessed via the U Thong Road.
The area from Pratu Jin (1) until the harbour (2), where junks cast anchor before in a location called Hua Sarapha, was populated mainly by Chinese migrants and traders in the Ayutthaya era. [1] Chinese dyed and sold indigo cloth at the village outside the wall at the corner by the Sarapha quarter. [2]
The monastery stood at the end of the Three Horses Road. Along this road from the Nai Kai Bridge until Wat Jin, Chinese made jan-op and dried Chinese sweets of various types at their workshops. Chinese artisans made and sold different kinds of wooden barrels with collars of wood or metal. They also made 'nang loeng' water jars and various metal articles for sale and beat metal in various shapes. [3]
Near the temple, but outside the city wall, there was a ferry service between the city island and Wat Ko Kaeo on the south side of the mouth of Khao San Canal.
Wat Rattana Chai dates to the Rattanakosin period, and as such, I am not going to dwell on it much longer as it has all the essential monastic buildings on its premises.
Adjacent to the Pa Sak River stands a whitewashed classic Ayutthaya-styled chedi on a high platform with niched entries. The access is to the east and the river.
Historical data about the predecessor Wat Jin and its construction are unknown.
A relief depicting Buddha's great miracles dating back to the first half of the 8th century in the Dvaravati art was excavated in situ. The sandstone relief, 127 cm high by 85 cm wide, is displayed at the Bangkok National Museum.
Wat Jin cannot be found on Kaempfer's sketch or draft map. Engelbert Kaempfer (1651-1716 CE) was a medical doctor working for the Dutch VOC (Verenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie) who surveyed the city of Ayutthaya in June 1690 CE.
On Bellin's map 'Plan De La Ville De Siam', we find a location called 'Pagodes Chinoises' (Chinese temples), southwest of Wat Suwan Dararam (formerly called Wat Thong), north of the double bastions of the harbour (defunct) and west of the Constantine College (defunct). Based on the French map, these 'Pagodes Chinoises' situates about 200 metres to the west of Wat Rattana Chai. I believe this could be an inaccurate indication of Wat Jin. Jacques-Nicolas Bellin (1703-1772 CE) was one of the most important cartographers of the 18th century. He was a hydrographer and 'ingénieur hydrographe' at the French 'Dépôt des cartes et plans de la Marine'. The map 'Plan De La Ville De Siam' of the French cartographer Jacques Nicolas Bellin (1703-1772 CE), was based on a Jesuit survey in 1687 CE and published as plate No. 4 in volume 9 of the 1752 CE French edition of Abbé Antoine François Prévost's l'Histoire Générale des Voyages.
On a mid-19th century map drafted by an unknown surveyor, Wat Jin stood southeast of Wat Suwan and opposite Wat Ko Keao on the east bank of the Pa Sak River. The site is not indicated with a stupa.
Phraya Boran Rachathanin has Wat Jin on his 1926 CE map. The monastery stands on the southeast corner of Ayutthaya, north of the harbour area (defunct) and northwest of the Ho Racha Khrue Fortress (defunct). Wat Suwan stood northwest and Wat Kaeo opposite the Front city canal (Pa Sak River). The denomination of the monastery as Wat Rattana Chai must have been attributed after the 1920's CE.
Wat Ratttana Chai is in geographical coordinates: 14° 20' 48.84" N, 100° 34' 49.33" E. Remains of the old temple Wat Jin were excavated by the Fine Arts Department (FAD) in geographical coordinates: 14° 20' 48.15" N, 100° 34' 50.90" E.
(1) The Chinese Gate, a water gate on the south side of the island at the mouth of the Khlong Pratu Khao Pluak – Pratu Chin Canal, today filled in.
(2) Ayutthaya's harbour was on the southeast point of the Island opposite Wat Phanan Choeng in between the double bastion Fortress (no particular denomination) and the Ho Racha Khrue Fortress. The harbour took in only seagoing vessels with a shallow draft, such as Chinese junks. Two arched gates in the city wall gave access to the harbour area (next to the gates of the fortresses). One of these arched gates still exists near the premises of the Wat Rattana Chai School.
[1] Baker, Chris (2014). Final Part of the Description of Ayutthaya with Remarks on Defense, Policing, Infrastructure, and Sacred Sites. Journal of the Siam Society, Vol. 102.
Map 1 - Detail of Jacques Nicolas Bellin's map ca. 1750 CE. Published as plate no. 4 in volume IX of the 1752 CE French edition of Abbé Antoine François Prévost's 'l'Histoire Générale des Voyages.'


text:
Q: C++ arithmetic operator error Hey guys was wondering if you could help me out with this code below. My program is outputting some weird calculations.
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()

{

    int radius;
    const double PI = 3.14159265;
    float area;
    float circumference;

    cout << "Program to find the area and circumference of a circle\n\n\n";
    cout << "Please enter the radius: ";
    radius = cin.get();

    area = PI * (radius * radius);
    circumference = (2 * radius) * PI;

    cout << "The area of your circle is " << area << ", the circumference of your circle is "   << circumference <<"\n\n";
    system("PAUSE");

}

A: That's probably because you're using: cin.get().
cin.get() only obtains one character from the input stream.
What this means in practice is that if you had entered 1 at the prompt, that value would be stored as a character and not as a double value (which is what you really want).
And, given the ASCII representation of the character 1 being equal to 49 in decimal notation, that means that your input will be interpreted as 49 - which is syntactically correct, but conceptually wrong - hence your results.
More than likely you'll want more than that - you'll want all of your input to be stored correctly. Hence, in this case, it's best to use cin as follows:
cin >> radius;

Plus, a possible caveat of usage of cin like this is that it automatically skips whitespace - which is arguably good depending on its usage. Relative to your previous usage of cin (cin.get()) could cause more problems than its worth with the intentional or accidental usage of whitespace. So, in this case, it is arguably better to use streams as suggested above, to parse input.
Another option is to use the standard C library input to get input (if you don't like dealing with streams - and there is debate regarding streams usage in C++ vs C-style IO):
http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/cstdio/scanf/

A: cin.get() returns a character, when that gets converted to double, radius will get the wrong value. You should use stream conversion such as
cin >> radius;

A: The istream::get function extracts a character and not a number. For most platforms that means that if you enter 5 you will assign 53 to radius as that is the [ASCII](http://www.asciitable.com/) value of'5'`.
Use the normal input operator >> to read the number, it will do the right thing no matter if radius is an integer or a floating point variable:
cin >> radius;

A: Try printing your radius value before using it and you will know
cin.get(); as the page says,

Reads one character and returns it if available. Otherwise, returns
  Traits::eof() and sets failbit and eofbit.

The number you type on your console is taken as a character and its ASCII value is used.
You need to use cin>>radius for this

A: Try printing out what you get after EVERY calculation, also bug might be cause of:
radius = cin.get();
//Use cin or scanf instead
cin >> radius;
scanf("%d",&radius);

Or because area and circumflex are (float) and receive a value type (double) at lines:
area = PI * (radius * radius);
circumference = (2 * radius) * PI;

I would suggest either casting, or making every variable type float, as sizeof(float) = sizeof(int) = 4 bytes.


Around the end of July I photographed at our church's youth conference- Get Smart. It was a busy, exciting week with lots of incredible moments. I love being involved in stuff like this and using my passion and talents to serve others! Was lots of fun too!
This girl brought her pet chicken and did some tricks for us!


Details Artem.2165 It is not a dangerous memory resident encrypted parasitic virus. It hooks INT 1Ch, 21h and writes itself to the end of COM and EXE files that are executed or closed. On opening an infected file the virus disinfects it (stealth routine). When several file compressing and some other utilities are run, the virus disables its stealth routine. The list of these routines looks as follows: ARJ, BSA, CHKDISK, DIET, ICE, LHA, PKLITE, PKZIP, RAR. Depending on its internal counter the virus shakes the screen. The virus contains the text strings, the first one contains parts of names listed above (tree bytes per name): ARJBSACHKDIEICELHAPKLPKZRAR EXECOM Artemiev I.A.


Style and function come together in the all-new Equinox. The sculpted exterior is completely redesigned from front to back. Plus, signature LED daytime running lamps to make for an unmistakable presence everywhere you venture. And with an eye-catching spectrum of colours to choose from, you're sure to find the hue to match your taste.


Home / Comments & Feedback / How can I disable comments on my blog?
Comments are enabled on new posts and pages by default. You can change the default for new posts or pages, as well as enable/disable comments on posts or pages you've already published.
Start by changing the defaults for new posts or pages in the Settings → Discussion menu in your blog's dashboard.
In the first section − Default article settings − disable the option Allow people to post comments on new articles.
This setting may be overridden for individual articles. To do it, check the option Allow Comments when editing your post or adding a new one.
To disable comments for all past entries / posts, you can bulk edit them, using the Quick Edit option in the Posts section of your blog's dashboard.


Finding parking downtown can be difficult especially if there are games and events going on. If you're unable to find street parking, we suggest parking at Horton Plaza where your first three hours are free. It is only a few minutes walk to the studio from there.


The trades programming at Medicine Hat College's (MHC) Brooks Campus is growing in popularity, with seven junior and senior schools gaining experience in welding and electrical through the Career and Technology Studies (CTS) and Foundations (CTF) programs.
New to the list of schools this year is Bassano School, École Le Ruisseau and a homeschool group.
Kelly Thornton, instructor for welding, feels that programs like these are essential due to the exposure they give the industry and the opportunity for students to try a trade before they commit full-time.
Thornton mentions that for those interested in starting a career in trades this course allows them to try the trade prior to getting into a Registered Apprenticeship Program (RAP) with a company that has accepted them. This program enables students to earn credit towards their high school diploma.
According to Bradie Sturch, electrical instructor, regardless what direction the students take, the technical and soft skills they acquire are beneficial.
Both Thornton and Sturch instruct part-time while operating their own businesses in the Brooks community. They are passionate about trades and also committed to exposing students to the opportunities that exist in the industry.
If you are interested in learning more about the CTS or CTF programs or would like to explore opportunities with MHC visit www.mhc.ab.ca.


text:
The North East England devolution referendum was an all postal ballot referendum that took place on 4 November 2004  throughout North East England on whether or not to establish an elected assembly for the region. Devolution referendums in the regions of Northern England were initially proposed under provisions of the Regional Assemblies (Preparations) Act 2003. Initially, three referendums were planned, but only one took place. The votes concerned the question of devolving limited political powers from the UK Parliament to elected regional assemblies in North East England, North West England and Yorkshire and the Humber respectively. Each were initially planned to be held on 4 November 2004, but on 22 July 2004 the planned referendums in North West England and in Yorkshire and the Humber were postponed, due to concerns raised about the use of postal ballots, but the referendum in North East England was allowed to continue, particularly as it was assumed that the region held the most support for the proposed devolution.

On 4 November 2004, voters in the North East rejected the proposal, in an all-postal ballot, by 77.9% to 22.1%, on a turnout of 48%. Every council area in the region had a majority for "no". The referendum was held in what was at the time arguably Labour's strongest region within the United Kingdom which included at the time the then Prime Minister Tony Blair's own constituency in Sedgefield. The defeat marked the end of the Labour Government's policy of devolution for England, and the other proposed referendums for the North West and for Yorkshire and the Humber were dropped indefinitely. This would also be the last major devolution referendum to be held in any part of the United Kingdom under the Labour Government of 1997–2010.

The campaign against the proposed Assembly was successfully led by local businessman John Elliott, who argued that the institution would have no real powers and that it would be a "white elephant" and too centric to Newcastle upon Tyne.

It was the first major referendum to be held in any part of the United Kingdom which was conducted and overseen by the Electoral Commission after its establishment in 2000 under the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000.

Background
The Labour government attempted to introduce directly elected English regional assemblies. The London Assembly was the first of these, established following a referendum in 1998, in which public and media attention was focused principally on the post of Mayor of London.

Assembly proposals

Voters were asked whether they wanted an elected regional assembly to be created for their region. The structure and powers of elected regional assemblies was outlined in a Draft Regional Assemblies Bill presented to Parliament by Deputy Prime Minister John Prescott in July 2004.

The draft bill proposed the following structure:
 The assembly would be a body corporate with a distinct legal identity.
 Each assembly would be composed of between 25 and 35 assembly members elected by the additional member system.
 The assembly would select one member as the chairman and another as deputy chairman to preside over its debates.
 The assembly would have an Executive (cabinet) composed of a Leader and between two and six Executive Members.

The draft bill would have given the assemblies the following powers:
 Promotion of economic development
 Promotion of social development
 Promote health, safety and security
 Reduce health inequalities
 Enhance individual participation in society
 Improve the availability of good housing
 Improve skills and the availability of training
 Improve the availability of cultural and recreational activities
 Improvement and protection of the environment
 Additional functions and duties that the Secretary of State thinks appropriate

Local government reorganisation
The creation of regional assemblies was to be tied to abolition of the existing two-tier structure for local government in these regions; and its replacement with a uniform system of unitary authorities.  In areas that had two-tier government (Cheshire, County Durham, Cumbria, Lancashire, North Yorkshire, Northumberland), voters were to be asked which pattern of unitary government they would like to see.

Two options were proposed by the Boundary Committee for each county in the review area – generally consisting of a single unitary authority for the entire county, or a break-up into smaller authorities which are larger than the existing districts.  It was recommended that ceremonial counties be left untouched in most cases.  This recommendation was broadly (with one minor alteration in West Lancashire) accepted by the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister.

Voting was to take place on a per-county council-area basis, except that the Cumbria and Lancashire votes would have been run as one – since it would be impossible to have option 1 in one and option 2 in another.

Any changes as a result of the North East referendum would probably have come into effect on 1 April 2006 – to give time for preparation, and taking into account 1 April as the traditional day of local government reform in the UK.

In Lancashire and Cumbria the proposals for multiple unitary authorities were very similar to those proposed by the Redcliffe-Maud Report in 1969.  This proposed authorities for North Cumbria based in Carlisle, and one for Morecambe Bay covering Barrow-in-Furness and Lancaster for the north of the region.  In central Lancashire there were to be divided into four authorities based on Blackpool, Preston, Blackburn and Burnley.  The area of West Lancashire was to be given to Merseyside and included with Southport in a district.

The options were as follows for North East England:

North East England

County Durham

Northumberland

Referendum questions
All voters in the North East England region were asked to vote on the question of whether or not there should be an elected Assembly. Voters in County Durham and Northumberland were asked to vote on an additional second question on proposals for local government reorganisation in the event of a "yes" vote.

Assembly referendum question
The question that appeared on ballot papers was:

permitting a simple YES / NO answer (to be marked with a single (X)).

Local Government reorganisation referendum question
The question that appeared on ballot papers in County Durham and Northumberland was:

with the responses to the question to be (to be marked with a single (X)):

Results
On 4 November 2004, in a turnout of almost 48% in an all postal ballot, voters in the North East decisively rejected the proposed regional assembly. The reasons for this result are varied; however, it is felt that the regional power would have been concentrated in an Assembly situated in Newcastle upon Tyne, which given the strong historic rivalries between urban centres in the North-East may have caused resentment from the people of Sunderland and Middlesbrough. Notwithstanding this, in the Newcastle upon Tyne local council area itself the majority of votes cast were against the proposal. It was also felt that not enough of a case had been put forward for the necessity of the Assembly, and it was feared that it would add another layer of politicians and public servants, thereby increasing taxes for the citizens of the areas affected.

Assembly question result
The referendum result was declared at 00:52 GMT on Friday 5 November 2004 at Crowtree Leisure Centre in Sunderland by the Chief Counting Officer for the North East region Ged Fitzgerald, who was also then Chief Executive of Sunderland City Council.

Results by local council areas

* Valid and rejected votes divided by electorate.

Local government reorganisation question result

The related votes in Northumberland and County Durham on local government changes became moot, though new single merged unitary authorities were later established based on the county council areas (i.e. Option A in each case) as part of the 2009 structural changes to local government in England.  The votes had been:

* Valid and rejected votes divided by electorate.

Planned referendums in North West England and Yorkshire and the Humber

Similar referendums had been planned in North West England and Yorkshire and the Humber.  These were postponed on 22 July due to issues with all-postal ballots – there were many allegations of fraud and procedural irregularities.  Following the rejection of the proposal in the north east of England the Deputy Prime Minister John Prescott at the time, ruled out holding further referendums in other regions for the foreseeable future.

North West England
These were the proposals for local government reorganisation in Northwest England. After the result in North East England the planned referendum for the region was postponed indefinitely and was never put before the electorate.

Cheshire

Cumbria

Lancashire

Yorkshire and the Humber
These were the proposals for local government reorganisation in the Yorkshire and the Humber region. After the result in North East England the planned referendum was postponed indefinitely and was also never put before the electorate.

North Yorkshire

See also
Referendums in the United Kingdom
1998 Greater London Authority referendum

References

External links
UK Electoral Commission

Referendums in England
2004 in England
2004 referendums
Politics of Cheshire
Politics of County Durham
Politics of Cumbria
Politics of Lancashire
Politics of North Yorkshire
Politics of Northumberland
Devolution in the United Kingdom
Governance of England
2004 elections in the United Kingdom
November 2004 events in the United Kingdom
Northern England

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Erhard Scherner (* 12. Januar 1929 in Berlin) ist ein deutscher Schriftsteller, Lyriker, Nachdichter und Germanist.

Leben
Aufgewachsen ist Erhard Scherner im Scheunenviertel in Berlin. Die Ehe mit der Sinologin und Übersetzerin Helga Scherner führte ihn in den 1950er Jahren zum ersten Mal nach China.
In die DDR zurückgekehrt, arbeitete er als Schlosser und Neulehrer. Er studierte in Leipzig bei Hans Mayer Germanistik und promovierte. Einige Zeit war er stellvertretender Chefredakteur der Neuen Deutschen Literatur (NDL), betreute dann den literarischen Nachlass von Alfred Kurella, dessen Mitarbeiter er war, als dieser der Kulturkommission beim Politbüro vorstand. Als Mitarbeiter der Kulturkommission beim Politbüro forderte er beim Lyrikabend am 11. Dezember 1962 die Anwesenden auf, eigene Gedichte zu lesen. Das war der Auslöser für die Lyrikwelle in der DDR. Erhard Scherner hat drei Kinder. Lange lebte die Familie in Schöneiche bei Berlin.

Werke
 Der chinesische Papagei. Verlag am Park, Berlin 2015, ISBN 978-3-945187-40-1.
 Geschichten vom Lao Wai. Im Himmel der Hunde von Peking und andere Innenansichten aus China. Eisbär, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-930057-12-3.
 Herausgeber: Depesche an meine zukünftigen Eltern – Texte für den Frieden. Verlag Neues Leben, Berlin 1984.

Weblinks

 https://www.eulenspiegel.com/verlage/verlag-am-park/titel/der-chinesische-papagei.html
 http://lik-potsdam.de/index.php?id=erhard-scherner-archiv
 https://www.rosalux.de/fileadmin/rls_uploads/pdfs/Utopie_kreativ/201-202/201-202Scherner.pdf
 https://vs.verdi.de/themen/nachrichten/++co++5b9ef458-4bb4-11e9-be6b-525400f67940

Autor
Deutscher
Geboren 1929
Mann


text:
'British foreign policy', Foreign Office brief, January 1968
July 18, 2008 January 27, 2018
Permanent Under-Secretary's Steering Committee, 'British Foreign Policy: Brief by the Foreign Office', 26 January 1968
This long report is a briefing for the Foreigh Secretary's forthcoming talks in Washington. It notes that the primary goal of British foreign policy is to make Britain economically strong, which was the reason for deciding to withdraw military forces from 'East of Suez'. It continues:
"Positively, it demands that we should bend our energies to help to produce a world economic climate in which our external trade, our income from invisibles and our balance of payments can prosper. This demands that we should support and, where appropriate, initiate measures for freer and more expanded world trade, for tariff reductions, for the reduction of non-tariff barriers, for greater international liquidity and for satisfactory solutions to problems of international indebtedness, including that of the sterling balances… Although our entry into the European Communities has been blocked for the time being we must continue to develop our markets there, while increasing our efforts to open up new markets and making the best of existing opportunities elsewhere eg in Latin America, parts of the Far East such as Thailand, and indeed wherever devaluation has given us real competitive advantages. Negatively, we should for the time being adopt a 'heads down' attitude in regard to proposals which, however desirable in themselves, would throw a significantly greater strain upon our balance of payments, eg commodity schemes directed primarily to raise prices rather than at stability of markets".
"We should work to harmonise US and European policies but so long as the objectives are in harmony we need not be shy about forward on the merits of the case different means of attaining them… We must ensure that our aid programme supports not only the developmental needs of recipient countries but also our own commercial and foreign policies… Wherever possible we should try to shape our aid programme to fit more appropriately the pattern of our trade and investment interests in different countries".
Source: National Archives, FCO 49/13
Published in: Aid, UK foreign policy
Susil Gupta says:
The most significant thing about this foreign policy assessment is how unremarkable it is. It is a general statement of 'minding our interests' as the basis of foreign policy which any developed nation at any time in its history would espouse. How could it be otherwise? Does anyone seriously expect that a foreign policy statement would 'we should be nice to others because we want to be known as nicer people'?
Pingback: UK foreign policy (general): Declassified – Mark Curtis


If you live in scarcity, it can be difficult to experience joy when your sole focus is on survival. I am talking about extreme levels of poverty. The kind of poverty where if you dropped a carton of eggs someone at home goes hungry.
There are more than 3 billion people today, living on less than $3 a day.
Yet, there are more people that have their needs taken care of than ever before. If you are reading this, you live in one of the safest countries in the world and have access to healthcare, sanitation, education, transportation. Many of us have opportunities to recreate. We can worship freely, speak up and we have a right to assemble. We also have access to information and the internet and connection. Our literacy rate is higher than ever before.
This is the best time to be alive in human history.
So why are we seeing levels of joy decrease in a world that is increasing in abundance?
It turns out the endless treadmill of accumulation, we are finding out, is actually endless. There are studies that have shown your level of happiness can begin to decrease at $75,000 per year.
But I think the thing we are missing the most is desire.
A desire to be needed and to discover. A desire to make a difference in someone's world. A desire to fulfill our purpose—the things that God wants us to be so we can become.
Before choices comes a desire.
If you're lacking a desire this Thanksgiving, start with The Three G's.
Happy Thanksgiving. Thank you for reading. I hope it has made an impact.


Lea & Perrins Marinade for Chicken Blended with White Wine & Herbs, 10 oz.
Lea & Perrins Marinade for Chicken is a special blend of white wine, garlic, and select herbs and spices that penetrates and tenderizes without compromising the wholesome goodness of chicken. The subtle flavor is also a perfect accompaniment for fish, pork and other lighter foods. Lea & Perrins White Wine Worcestershire sauce is a zesty herb and spice marinade. Thicker and lighter in color than the original, it is enlivened with the aroma of white sauterne wine. The White Wine Worcestershire sauce is made to cling to chicken for basting in the oven, and it adds zest to any lighter fare including fish, seafood, pork and vegetables. Blended with white wine and herbs, Lea & Perrins Marinade for Chicken penetrates and tenderizes without compromising the wholesome goodness of chicken. A fat free food. 33% less sodium (Lea & Perrins Chicken marinade contains 220 mg of Sodium per 1 Tbsp. serving [contains sulfites]. The average of the top 3 national marinades contains 430 mg of Sodium per 1 Tbsp. serving). A cholesterol free food. 50% less calories (Lea & Perrins Chicken marinade contains 15 calories per 1 Tbsp. serving. The average of the top national marinades contains 23 calories per 1 Tbsp. serving).
17 Sauces is a blend of delicate spices and herbs we all love and need in the kitchen to bring our foods to life with great flavor.Whether you're cooking up a thick ribeye steak, a juicy burger or even a large pot of your favorite beef stew, these 17 Sauce mixeswill give your foods the banging kick that it needs to delight all palates.This Book Is Part Of A Collection Series (Season Edition 1-5 / Sauces Edition 6)Seasoning Spices include:•Sweet and Sour Sauce•Sweet and Sour Sauce 2•Mustard Sauce•Mustard Sauce 2•Spicy Mustard Sauce•BBQ Sauce•Original Barbecue Sauce•Tangy Barbecue Sauce•Tartar Sauce•Tartar Sauce 2•Sweet and Spicy Sauce•Hot Mustard SauceAnd more... What are you waiting for? Get this fantastic book now!
Minor's Sweet Chili Sauce is a chutney-like sauce with small bits of red sweet chilies and chili flakes blended together with a spicy finish. This sauce is easy to store and pour in an ambient jug format. It's ready to eat without the added step of cooking to achieve food safety and ready to use without any reconstitution. Refrigerate after opening. Shake well before use. Great for stir fry, sauces, dips, wraps, or dressings. Drizzle over calamari. Use as a dipping sauce for Asian Chicken Wraps, Pan-Fried Wontons or Tempura Shrimp.
Mina Harissa Spicy Traditional Moroccan Red Pepper Sauce, 10 Ounce -- 12 per case. A SPICY Harissa based on the original recipe, loved by the people of Morocco for adding a good kick to any dish, making every bite simply delicious. Our traditional Moroccan red pepper sauce is carefully blended using all natural ingredients. This Harissa is of a superlative quality and will work in harmony with any meat, chicken, seafood, vegetable, egg or rice dish.
This marinade is sure to become a staple in your customer's cooking. A superb mixture of lemon-lime and selected spices blended in our premier chili seasoned Mexican marinade results in the smooth, pourable texture.Ideal as a marinade and baste for chicken and seafood. Excellent with shrimp when grilling or making shrimp burritos. So good, it's also excellent splashed on salads.
(2 Pack) Campbell's Oven Sauces Creamy Garlic Butter Chicken, 12 oz.
(4 Pack) Campbell's Skillet Sauces Creamy Parmesan Chicken, 11 oz.
(2 Pack) Campbell's Oven Sauces Sweet Teriyaki Chicken, 12 oz.


text:
Move The Image Podcast
Home » Reviews » Blu-ray Review: Bryan Bertino's THE STRANGERS Is A Modern Horror Classic & Second Sight Films Gives It The Release It Deserves
Blu-ray Review: Bryan Bertino's THE STRANGERS Is A Modern Horror Classic & Second Sight Films Gives It The Release It Deserves
Posted on September 30, 2020 by Niall Browne in Reviews
Writer-director Bryan Bertino made a hugely impressive and incredibly assured directorial debut with The Strangers. A home invasion horror, the 2008 film is loaded with a building tension and it's definitely not one for the faint-hearted.
The film sees Kristen (Liv Tyler) and James (Scott Speedman) arrive at their isolated home after a wedding. Their relationship has hit a speed bump, but things take a turn when there's a knock at the front door at four in the morning. Outside there are three masked strangers – and they want to come in…
For The Strangers, it's clear that Bertino took his creative cues from classic 1970s horror/thrillers such as John Carpenter's Assault On Precinct 13 and Halloween, as well as Tobe Hooper's The Texas Chainsaw Massacre (the Manson Family murder of Sharon Tate is also an influence). This means that the film has plenty of atmosphere, crafting tension rather than just loading it with jump scares. The piece is mainly a two-hander between Tyler and Speedman with the former being onscreen for the majority of the film's running time. They're great at playing the couple in crisis and their building desperation ensures that you root for their survival.
For a first-timer, Bertino directs The Strangers with an assured hand. He really is a great voice within the horror genre and his recent film, The Dark And The Wicked shows that The Strangers was no fluke – in fact he's just getting better and better. He's helped out by great cinematography from Peter Sova and precision editing by Saw splicer Kevin Greutert.
You could argue that The Strangers is lacking in story and that it's simply just a cinematic house of horror. It's a fair argument, but the film is so well constructed that it doesn't really matter – it's a horror movie and a damn good one at that. In fact, The Strangers might be one of the best horror films of the last 15 years.
The blu-ray release of The Strangers from Second Sight Films is another absolute gem from the boutique label. Firstly, the disc includes the theatrical cut and an extended cut of the film (opt for the latter cut). It also includes deleted scenes alongside vintage cast and crew interviews. There's also a new interview with star Liv Tyler – who clearly loves the film. The best extras are a pair of extended new interviews with writer-director Bryan Bertino and editor Kevin Greutertc – these are fascinating and insightful and a must for fans of the The Strangers and anyone interested in how horror movies are made. Stunning.
kevin greutert
scott speedman
Review: Schlock Horror Movie BLACKWATER VALLEY EXORCISM
Throwback Short Film: FEEDING TIME
Blu-ray Review: There's Animal Magic In This 30th Anniversary Edition Of Stephen King's PET SEMATARY
Remembering Universal Pictures' Ill-Fated DARK UNIVERSE
Cats Are Evil! Watch This Clip From Quirky Horror AFTER MIDNIGHT
First Full Trailer For Tom Hardy's TABOO
How Excalibur Connects To BATMAN V SUPERMAN: DAWN OF JUSTICE
It's Almost Here: Movies In Focus Gets A Sneak Peek At AIN'T IT COOL WITH HARRY KNOWLES
Interview: Brett A. Hart On Bringing AIN'T IT COOL WITH HARRY KNOWLES To PBS
Mel Gibson Is Seriously Jacked In These Images From BLOOD FATHER
© Copyright 2021 Movies In Focus