text:
Walk Around the Village Centre, 2011
These notes are based on presentations by members of the Local History Group who led a guided walk around the centre of the village on 23 June 2011.
The walk started at the Church Bakehouse in Grantchester Road and went in a clockwise route along Church Lane to the War Memorial then the High Street and Maris Lane .
Poster designed by Sheila Glasswell.
Guided walk, 23 June 2011.
Edmund Brookes and one of the groups outside The Bakehouse. Photo: Andrew Roberts.
Edmund Brookes and one of the groups in the churchyard. Photo: Andrew Roberts.
Grantchester Road
Edmund Brookes
Edmund Brookes and one of the groups outside The Bakehouse and in the churchyard. Photos: Andrew Roberts.
Shirley Brown in Church Lane opposite The Unicorn. Photo: Andrew Roberts.
Arthur Brookes by the War Memorial. Photo: Andrew Roberts.
Arthur Brookes by the War Memorial. Photos: Andrew Roberts.
Howard Slatter outside Bidwells, opposite the Village Hall. Photo: Andrew Roberts.
Peter Dawson outside the pharmacy. Photo: Andrew Roberts.
Andrew Roberts by the junction with Maris Lane. Photo: Wendy Roberts.
The centre of the village in the early 20th century. Inland Revenue Land Value map for Trumpington, 1910-11. Cambridgeshire Archives.
Left: the centre of the village in the early 19th century. A Map of the Parish of Trumpington in the County of Cambridge, 1804. Cambridgeshire Archives, R60/24/2/70(a). Reproduced by permission of Cambridgeshire Archives. Right: the centre of the village in the early 20th century. Inland Revenue Land Value map for Trumpington, 1910-11. Cambridgeshire Archives, file 470/047, sheet XLVII.10. Reproduced by permission of Cambridgeshire Archives.
Left: the centre of the village in the early 19th century. A Map of the Parish of Trumpington in the County of Cambridge, 1804 . Cambridgeshire Archives, R60/24/2/70(a). Reproduced by permission of Cambridgeshire Archives.
Right: the centre of the village in the early 20th century. Inland Revenue Land Value map for Trumpington, 1910-11 . Cambridgeshire Archives, file 470/047, sheet XLVII.10. Reproduced by permission of Cambridgeshire Archives.
Anstey Hall Farm
Main north end range may be of 17th century, north west wing 18th century. The thatched barn is 17/18th century. In 1881, this was a 380 acre farm, but most of the land went to form the Plant Breeding Institute (PBI) and under Tom Parsons it became a specialist pig farm. The Dovecote 17/18th century on the Grantchester side was restored in 1984, it is interesting that there are no entrances for birds!
See the History of the Church.
The Vicarage
Sold in 2009, basically a Queen Ann/Georgian building but changed a lot and essentially in 3 parts. 18th Century north wing where kitchen was demolished by Reverend Bury around 1900, when a large part of the Vicarage Garden was sold to Mr Foster of Anstey Hall, also southern block added. Kitchen Garden became new graveyard in early 1990s.
This building was outbuildings, garage and small meeting room which was used until 1980's then in disuse. Probably dates from 19th century. The Church of England Mens' Society met there. Room refurbished to hold Godly Play in early 2000s. Retained by the Church except two sheds when the Vicarage was sold. Converted to a very high standard as an office and meeting room.
Farm cottages and houses
The large house set back from the road, number 18, is dated 1654, the thatched cottages are 17th century and were restored many years ago. Reverend King lived in the end one.
The Church School
Land bought 1842 for a National School and opened 1843, extended 1868 with a room at the back. Always known as The Church School. Had 1 room divisible in the original building and 1 in the extension. Closed in 1950 after Fawcett School opened in 1949, Mr Youngs, stayed on in the School House. Became Cambridgeshire Farm School until the 1970s when that moved to Milton. Building refurbished and added to in early 1970s when Miss Willers died (new toilets, committee room, and kitchen, one bay reroofed). Kitchen again refurbished in early 1990s, leased to Rainbow Nursery in 2005.
Built in 1857 by L. Gary & Sons to the design of Butterfield (who re-ordered the Church). When the school shut, Mr Youngs the headmaster and Church organist continued to live in the house. Daughter married a Seekings, he went to St Philips as Head and then move to Milton. Owned by the PCC until sold about 1974. See the separate article about the School House and William Butterfield .
Church Lane
Shirley Brown
We know the Village School (now a Nursery) was built in 1842. I assume the Unicorn was built about the same time, as the two pieces of land were up for sale at the same time.
The Unicorn had stables on the boundary with the school house. The first stable was rented by a butcher for a time, later used as a fish and chip shop. In the 1930s the small building opposite became the fish and chip shop. By the 1970s it was a barber's. The current Unicorn car park was once a well-used bowling green. There was a hall to the right of the pub used by visiting bowls teams and the Friendly Society known as "The Foresters".
An old blacksmith's forge stood on the High Street just beyond the lodge gates. Beside it were the stocks and whipping post and within Trumpington Park, the village pound. The forge was taken down in 1855 when a new forge was built on the High Street.
In 1800 there were several thatched cottages between The Old House and the other end of Church Lane. In one lived Mother Sivill (or Savill), reputed to be a witch and fortune teller. She was frequently in trouble with the law and is said to be the last person to stand on the Cambridge Pillory.
The War Memorial
Arthur Brookes
For information about the War Memorial
Howard Slatter
Up to at least 1830 (Baker's map), the smithy was roughly where the lodge house for the park now stands. A new building was constructed in about 1855 where Bidwells Stone Cross building now stands.
One of the last blacksmiths (1881-1911 at least) was Elijah Lawrence from Haughley, Suffolk. He died in 1931 age 89; confusingly, his daughter married his nephew, another Elijah Lawrence, also a blacksmith. Benjamin Stone and Lewis Andrews were Elijah Lawrence's assistants in the early 20th century, and by 1939, Andrews & Stone, farriers & engineers, occupied the smithy. By 1962, the premises were used by Donald Ramsey, antique furniture restorer. The village notice board was outside the end wall, facing the war memorial.
1985 proposed demolition, fiercely opposed by people in the village. Decision by City Council was tied, casting vote by mayor Peter Cowell, who described it as a "scruffy place". Demolished in 1986, only the wall at the end survives.
Manor Farm
To north of the present Beverley Way. The milking herd of cows there in the 1940s and 1950s (farmer Bert Cornwell) had to cross the main road to and from pasturing in the Park. The land of the farm extended to the east, over much of the present estate and school land. A drift road went down the line of Beverley Way, through to what is now Paget Road, and on across the fields along the present Addenbrooke's track, heading for Red Cross farm on Hills Road.
Thatched barn burned down in about 1963 and never rebuilt (Antony Pemberton recalls driving back to Cambridge from London with his father, and seeing the plume of smoke – they feared it might be the Hall itself which was on fire). Some of the farm buildings were demolished in 1968-69, then the farm house and barn by 1971, leading to the building Beverley Way by 1975 and the other houses further north. (Plans for a motel on the site as far as the Villa Service station had been rejected in 1974).
The Village Hall opened in 1908 at a cost of £922 as a Men's Institute, for playing games and reading (women admitted for whist drives!). In 1924 a billiard room, kitchen and cloakroom were added, and the Jubilee Room in 1978. Used as a schoolroom for evacuees from Muswell Hill in 1939-40. The Local History Group organised an excellent exhibition there for the centenary in October 2008.
Behind, where the doctors' surgery now stands, were two wooden huts. The first was erected for the Army Cadet Force (ACF) after the War and the second for the Scouts in 1957. The scouts eventually took both over; cubs and scouts finally ended in 1995, after over 80 years in the village.
Tally Ho!
Opened as a pub by at latest 1841, the building appears on the 1809 Inclosure map. Originally also a brewery at the back. Bay window added in about the 1930s.
Coming down from the smithy there was a line of 6 houses, occupied in the early 20th century by, among others, Mr Henry Saunders' Post Office and Mr Albert Day's bakery. Behind them was a large Mission Hall, marked on the 1885 OS map as a chapel. Mr Day knocked down the three houses next to his shop in the 1930s and built a new shop which later became the Co-op and is now the Hobbies Stores.
The next block of 3 houses was erected in the 1860s; no. 42 was the home of the Matthews family: Mrs Elizabeth Matthews was widowed in 1898 when her husband Ellis Matthews, a shepherd, died. She then set up a laundry using the land behind the houses and brought up her seven children on her own.
Whitlocks
In 1728 George Whitelock willed his house to provide 34 poor households with coal, the coal to be of the cheapest! Coats with brass buttons were also given annually to 6 widowed persons and 8 boys. Whitelock's house and malting were reconstructed in 1819 to be let as 20 cottages to poor people and the land to be let as allotments. Later in the 19th century they were rebuilt as 13 cottages and 4 almshouses fronting the High Street. Known as "Whitelock's Yard" or "Workhouse Yard".
In 1963 the site was sold to the City Council, who by 1968 had built "Whitlocks", a block with bed-sit accommodation for people over the age of 60 ("White locks", it was said, might be seen as a derogatory comment on older people). In later years it was used to house student nurses and refugees. The new apartment block was built in the mid 2000s, the 5th use of this site in the last 200 years.
East side houses and Swan's Yard
In the early 19th century this was still open farmland. The first building here was a terrace of 7 houses, set back at right angles to the road, called "Swan's Yard"; this survived until at least 1948. Then, in the 1850's, two pairs of cottages were built, one either side of Swan's Yard; by 1871 the next pair had filled the gap up to the Tally Ho and by 1881 the next block of four further south had been built. Those have now been converted into just two houses and refurbished.
The former number 89 was occupied by two generations of the Parker family from its construction in the 1850's right up to 1947. William Parker, a shepherd from Great Wilbraham, and his wife Sophia with their children were succeeded by their son Irwin Parker and his wife Ethel; Ethel died in 1947, age 79. The porch on that pair was knocked off by an articulated lorry and never replaced.
Peter Dawson
Thatched cottage
The thatched cottage to the right of the pharmacy was probably built in the late 18th or early 19th century. The 1891 and 1911 censuses record the Gentle family as tenants and in 1939 Herbert Gentle, a tailor, was registered here. Not surprisingly, it became known as Gentle's Cottage. It was last re-thatched in the 1980s and the inevitable sagging of the roof's ridge over the years is now disguised by thatch 36 inches thick at the centre. There were grooves in the original brick floor caused by running water which visitors were fooled into believing was the work of "brick-worms".
In the 1950s, Mr Gentle, who was deaf and dumb, reportedly installed a hi-tec alert system where pressing the door-bell actuated a ping-pong ball which moved across his head. Another, less likely, story suggests the device was actually a string attached to the leg of his caged budgie, causing the unfortunate bird to fly up with an unheard squawk.
Cycle shop/petrol station
There was a brick- and wood-built cycle shop next door to the cottage, run from the 1920s by Harry Newell. It was guarded by his dog when he was out. Moving with the times, Harry extended the building upwards, added a petrol pump and a sign saying "Garage" thus becoming officially a "Motor Engineer and Cycle Agent". His many activities included a taxi service deploying a series of large cars including, at one time, a Daimler: the uses included transporting cricket teams and as a hearse, although for funerals the coffin would be moved on a handcart pushed by Harry.
There is a pre-War photograph in Trumpington in Old Picture Postcards of a dapper young man having the tank of his very flashy sports car filled. This was Frank Whittle, later Sir Frank, inventor of the turbo-jet engine. In contrast, at an earlier date, Harry Newell would tow his elderly father around in a wheelchair attached to his bicycle, even venturing as far as London.
Adjoining the Newell's shop was the historic tiny brick-built village lock-up. Comfort was at a premium inside the lock-up as the only source of light and ventilation was a small barred circular window over the door. A single "guest" would be secured by a padlocked iron strap to the primitive pillory post and seat.
The lock-up was last used in the 19th century when a very drunken villager was locked-up overnight to sober him up. The next morning he was found to be in an even worse state, having been supplied with more beer by his mates using a rubber tube passed through the window.
In the early 20th century, the lock-up served as a store for games equipment and, later, Harry Newell's stock of paraffin.
Wood-yard
There was a wood-yard to the left of the lock-up where, in the early 1900s, the business of E.J. Smith & Sons thrived beneath a large (chestnut?) tree. The Smiths were very versatile, working as carpenters, wheelwrights, cart-builders and undertakers. They made coffins and Selfridges in London sold their wheelbarrows at one time, indicating the quality of their work. The yard closed down in the 1950s and the carpentry business moved to the nearby smithy.
Opposite here, on the east side of the High Street, there was a large Recreation Ground in the area now occupied by the Anstey Way shops and the entrance to the estate. Noble's small newsagents and confectionery shop was at the corner. There was an area with communal washing lines.
The cricket pitch was well maintained but the outfield was described in Walter Dring ' s memoirs of his early 1920s boyhood as "Indian Country" where balls were frequently lost in the very long grass and sometimes conveniently found by fielders just as the batsmen were running mid-way between the creases. Edwin Smith's sons were excellent cricketers, Gordon, a bowler, and Cliff, a batsman of renown who later played for his county. During village matches, Cliff was expected to wallop the ball for six right across the road and land it on his Dad's shed roof.
Present day buildings
In 1955, a plan for a modern petrol station which required the demolition of the iconic lock-up was rejected. However, in 1957 the whole area was redeveloped, including the wood-yard, Newell's garage and, shamefully, the lock-up. The Shell petrol station was constructed and next to it a building comprising a cycle shop and general store for Harry Newell and the adjoining chemist's shop. The thatched cottage was spared.
Later, Shell installed a giant motorway-sized monolithic sign which they were forced to dismantle and replace with the existing smaller version after the Trumpington Environmental Action Group (TEAG) lodged an objection. It is unfortunate TEAG was not in being when the lock-up and old smithy were so wantonly destroyed.
Until he retired, Harry Newell, ever the entrepreneur, sold a wide variety of goods. Cycles and spares, hardware, ironmongery, seeds, garden tools, stains and polishes were all available to an appreciative local community. After Harry left, the building was used by a string of businesses which had varying success, including an electrical contractor, a haberdashery, an auctioneers and a leisureware outlet. The award-winning fine wine merchant, Noel Young, successfully established his enterprising business in 1992. The first dispensing chemist was Harold Moore, with Jeffrey and Karen Gregory taking over the pharmacy on Mr Moore's retirement in 1986. Jeffrey Gregory has enhanced Trumpington's amenities by qualifying as an optician and now has a well-equipped room for sight-testing.
The Village Sign, High Street and Maris Lane
Village Sign
The village sign is in a prominent position on a small green in front of the Bidwells head office, at the junction of the High Street and Maris Lane.
The current sign was erected in 2010 after a project led by Antony Pemberton, with funding from the Local History Group, Trumpington Women's Institute, Trumpington Parochial Charity, Cambridge City Council and other local sources. Designed by Sheila Betts, the sign shows the figure of Sir Roger de Trumpington on horseback with a shield based on the brass of Sir Roger in Trumpington Church. It replaced an original sign erected in 1987 after a fund-raising campaign led by Councillor Betty Suckling.
North-south and east-west crossing point
The sign is at the junction where the main road from London to Cambridge and King's Lynn is crossed by a route from Great Chesterford to the ford across the River Cam to Grantchester and further west. These routes have probably been used for over 5000 years, starting as Prehistoric trackways.
The north-south road follows a ridge along the east side of the river valley which provided a natural route from Hauxton Mill and ford through Trumpington village to Trumpington Ford on Vicar's Brook and eventually Trumpington Gate at the entrance to Cambridge (near the junction of Trumpington Street and Pembroke Street). From the 16th century, regular coach services developed and in the early 18th century the road became an important turnpike marked with a line of milestones, three of which were placed within the parish. The Great Chesterford road also became a turnpike at the same time, marked by a second set of rather plainer milestones. A tollkeeper's house and weighbridge were built at the then entrance to the village in the early 19th century. The busy roads supported a number of inns, such as The Green Man and the Coach & Horses.
The original village developed in the area around the church, gradually extending to the east and the current main road. The triangle of land between Church Lane, High Street and Maris Lane was gradually encroached on by housing. By the time of enclosure in the early 19th century, it was being used for houses and a farm and it was more densely occupied by the early 20th century. Despite the spread of housing, the village was still dominated by farms and farmland well into the 20th century.
The Church Farm buildings were at the southern end of the triangle of land between Maris Lane and the High Street, with the farm fields across the main road to the east. The farm was run by the Maris family from the 1770s to the 1860s and they built the current Maris House (Church House) around 1800. It was owned by the Pemberton family from 1840. The family gave its name to Maris Lane which in turn gave the name to a number of important crops such as Maris Piper and Maris Guard potatoes. Some of the farm buildings are still in place to the rear, but the junction was transformed in 1967-68 when the Bidwells building was constructed.
East of the High Street
The Church Farm fields were to the east of the road opposite the current village sign. Even in the early 20th century, there were open spaces directly across the road from the junction, with a first group of houses having been built near the junction with Hauxton Road and Shelford Road and another along Shelford Road itself. The cemetery between Hauxton Road and Shelford Road opened in the 1890s, with another farm, Glebe Farm, taking up the land to the south.
Anstey Hall Estate
The land to the south west of Maris Lane formed part of the Anstey Hall estate for over 300 years, one of four manors in the parish. The Medieval manor house was occupied by the Thompson family from 1637-1748 and they rebuilt the house around 1700. It was then owned by the Ansteys from 1748-1838 and the Fosters from 1838-1941 when it was taken over by the government. The hall itself can be seen behind a high wall, while its coach house and a lodge built in 1865 are alongside the road.
Anstey Hall Farm is further along Grantchester Road, with its fields running behind the church, vicarage and hall. After the War, the fields were used by the Plant Breeding Institute and now of course they are gradually disappearing under the Waitrose store, Park & Ride site and the Trumpington Meadows housing development, although some will be retained as a country park.


Close your eyes for a few seconds and think of towns that you would associate with Bluegrass and banjos. So, who was on your list? Was it Galax, the home of the annual Fiddlers Convention in Virginia, or Union Grove which has held the Ole Time Fiddlers & Bluegrass Festival for over 75 years – or how about Rosine in Kentucky, the resting place of Bill Monroe? What about Huddersfield in West Yorkshire? If not, maybe it should.
Huddersfield is where you will find Eagle Music, Deering Banjos' No. 1 dealership world-wide.
The Deering Banjo Company was the recipient of a Distinguished Achievement Award at IBMA 2014. The citation from the IBMA states: Greg and Janet Deering started the Deering Banjo Company as a family business in 1975. In its 39-year history, the company has created more than 100,000 banjos, all built by hand in Deering's Spring Valley, California facility. The company's mission statement is "to champion the banjo and inspire creativity around the globe by supplying the best quality, American-made banjos to players of all abilities." Noted Deering players are many, and include Béla Fleck, Jens Kruger and Eric Gibson.
So, what's the story behind the association between Deering Banjos and Eagle Music?
Eagle Music was established in 2004 by Steve Noon and through their ethos of being run 'by musicians for musicians' they have built up an enviable reputation for first-class customer service and perfectly presented instruments to suit musicians of all abilities. Steve Noon explained that, from the outset, Deering Banjos would be a focal point of the Eagle Music's business and, within a few years of opening, Eagle Music became Deering Banjos' No. 1 dealership world-wide. In 2009 Steve was invited to speak at Deering's 'Banjo Summit Meeting' and, in 2014, Eagle Music celebrates its No. 1 dealership status for the 8th consecutive year.
To celebrate this status, Eagle Music has annually held a Deering Banjo event and this year sees "Deering Banjo 8". Steve Noon explained that "the event came about when Eagle Music became the number one banjo retailer in the entire world for the Deering Banjo Company. Each year Greg and Janet Deering have been guests of honour at the event, and as such have presented Eagle Music each year with a plaque in recognition of Eagle Music's status and service to banjo customers. The world-acclaimed Kruger Brothers have played at the event on six occasions, and along with other world-class artists making the event the biggest on the banjo and bluegrass calendar. Eagle Music has [so far] arranged [for] the following artists to perform at the 'Banjo 8' Event … The Kruger Brothers, The Old Grey Dogs, The House Devils, Andre Dal (Portugal) and The Kentucky Cow Tippers. Special guests of honour will be Greg, Janet and Jamie Deering.
"Deering Banjo 8" will involve on-stage workshops and performances as well as the chance to have Greg Deering look at and adjust attendees' banjos and a finale of a concert by The Kruger Brothers.
So.. to return to the original question about towns associated with Bluegrass and banjos; maybe Huddersfield with Eagle Music as the world's No. 1 retailer of Deering Banjos (who are themselves recognised with a Distinguished Achievement Award from the IBMA) deserve a place alongside Galax, Union Grove and Rosine.
"Deering Banjo 8" will take place on Saturday November 8th 2014 at The North Light (behind Eagle Music Shop), Brooke's Mill, Armitage Bridge, Huddersfield, HD4 7NR and more information can be found on the Eagle Music website.


Attention property managers: whether you like it or not, budget season is here!
For property owners or managers, it's that time of year when you prepare for one of the most vital responsibilities you have, and that is preparing for your 2017 budget. Budgets are a key component of good management practice for your property, but before you can prepare, you must understand the basics about budget season.
First of all, what is budget season?
Budget season is the time of year when the homeowners associations (HOA) and Property Management Companies meet to establish the budget for the next year and plan for any projects up ahead in the next fiscal year.
What's included in the budget?
Basically, there are three main components to the budget.
Daily operation – First, you must figure out how much is needed for daily operations of the community. This includes electricity, water, grounds maintenance, management, insurance, and general building maintenance. These expenses can be figured out based on historical data, or they are contractual.
Reserve funds – These funds are for meeting any future upkeep costs or unexpected costs that may come up. It's basically a savings account that provides money for repairs and replacements that are needed throughout the year.
Enhancements and improvements – This includes funds for any additions or enhancements to the existing property that community members want and are willing to contribute to. The community should give input to what kind of improvements they want and approve them before the budget is settled.
The main goal of budget season is to develop a balanced system for allocating funds for the next year. How do you make it balanced? Well, there are two sides to the equation: the human side and the financial side. Your residents and prospective residents are highly important, and so are their needs. You have to maintain a good reputation and keep them satisfied. At the same time, making a profit is just as important. Every decision you make carries weight, and a price tag. It all comes down to your ability to earn a profit while protecting the integrity of the property. Both are equally vital when it comes to the success of your operation.
Do your homework before you settle on the budget. The development and implementation of a well-thought-out budget keeps your operation running to the best of its ability, and keeps you reputable, credible, and profitable!
Check out our next blog for tips and tricks for preparing your budget.


Regular health checkups can help find problems before they start. They also can help find problems early, when your chances for treatment and cure are better.
30 or younger: every 2 to 3 years for a health checkup. You need to discuss disease prevention and healthy lifestyles with a doctor. Vaccination can be extremely beneficial for young internationally traveling people. Cervical cancer screening should be done by women regularly.
Ages 30-40: most people should be getting an annual physical. Some diseases, like obesity, diabetes, and hypertension, can be detected by a doctor only on early stages. Women at their 40s should start their regular breast cancer screening.
50+: annual health checkups become much more important. Colonoscopy for men and women is a must. Women above their 50s should do regular mammograms. Risk of illness and hospitalization from flu and pneumonia increases at age of 65 and older, that's why receiving pneumococcal vaccines and regular influenza vaccines should be done regularly.
We, at Call Doctor, suggest you not to ignore the need for regular checkups. Therefore, we perform Basic, Full and Comprehensive Health Checkups.
Don't wait! Book online or call at 800 200 400 toll-free as to get your health checkup.


text:
using MasterDevs.ChromeDevTools;
using Newtonsoft.Json;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace MasterDevs.ChromeDevTools.Protocol.iOS.DOMDebugger
{
	/// <summary>
	/// Sets breakpoint on particular native event.
	/// </summary>
	[CommandResponse(ProtocolName.DOMDebugger.RemoveInstrumentationBreakpoint)]
	[SupportedBy("iOS")]
	public class RemoveInstrumentationBreakpointCommandResponse
	{
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Questions:Time and the Eastern Mediterranean. Yet, it wasn't just
Questions:Time Period: Lasted through 150 B.C – A.D 500The Silk Road Routes: Land route that connected Central Asia and Eastern Mediterranean. Another route connected China to Central Asia. The maritime route stretched through Mediterranean Sea to Europe. Other maritime routes led across the Indian Ocean to East Africa and across the Pacific Ocean to Korea, Japan, and Southeast Asia. Had many different trade routes.How long is the Silk Road: Main route is more than 4,000 milesWhat items are traded? The items tea, silk, salt, sugar, porcelain, spices, cotton, ivory, wool, gold, and silver were traded along the Silk RoadDangers of the road: Sandstorms, bandits, animals, starvation, and thirstWhat else spread besides trade? Ideas, Culture, and InventionsWhy was the Silk Road significant? The Silk Road brought great wealth to China and its partners. It also helped different nearby places get what they needed. The Silk Road spread the culture of other places. It helped the development of small towns become big cities. Article: The Silk RoadWould you be willing to go through raging sandstorms, starvation, thirst, dangerous animals, and treacherous bandits to get the most valuable treasures of your time? Because that is exactly what some travelers and traders did back then when they traveled on the Silk Road which had started in Asia. The Silk Road is a huge network of trade routes that connects China with south Asia, Europe, and Africa. Many things were spread along the Silk Road such as precious items. Not only was it very long, but it had many routes that stretched for many miles. It is also important to understand why it was significant and how it affected people.The Silk Road lasted 150 B.C through A.D 500 until it came to an end. The main route ran from China to Central Asia and Mesopotamia and stretched to more than 4,000 miles. Another land route connected Central Asia and the Eastern Mediterranean. Yet, it wasn't just land the routes covered. Maritime routes, also known as a sea routes, led across the Indian Ocean to East Africa and across the Pacific Ocean to Korea, Japan, and Southeast Asia.Items as in tea, salt, silk, sugar, porcelain, spices, cotton, and wool were all very priceless back then. They were traded along the Silk Road and sold to make money. Prized metals today like ivory, gold, and silver were also interchanged among people. As stated in the intro, there were many risks to traveling the Silk Road. Nevertheless traders still went knowing that the money earned from selling goods would make the journey worth it. However, items were not the only things that got passed along the Silk Road. Ideas, culture, customs, and inventions were spread around with the people. Take for instance, the religion Buddhism. It was starting to no longer be found in India, but it grew and expanded thanks to the Silk Road and is now one of the greatest religions in the world found now mostly in Central Asia and China.Lastly, I want to go over why the Silk Road was so significant. The Silk Road brought great wealth to China and its partners by the goods sold. It also helped different nearby places get what they needed. The Silk Road spread the culture of other places too influencing Asia to what we know it as today. It helped the development of small towns become big cities as well.To conclude, the Silk Roads were some of the world's most influential and significant international trade routes. Many distinct merchandise and ideas were also exchanged on the routes. Traders went along the Silk Roads knowing the trouble and dangers they could face on the trip. The Silk Road lasted for plenty of time reaching places all over Asia, Europe, and Africa.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


SICK combines its expertise and experience to design safety light curtains, multiple and single beam photoelectric safety switches that are easy to use and offer maximum performance. A versatile rangeof solutions ensures productive machine and plant operation.
• Increased flexibility and reduced wiring complexity due to cascading.
• Beam coding protects the systems against crosstalk and thus offers a high level of reliability.
• Blanking functions enable flexible and reliable adjustment of protective fields or safe differentiation between people and material to ensure maximum productivity.


I am three quarters of the way through your book "Tied to the Tracks" which I think is a good book however I am so irritated, no more than that.. infuriated, that I almost threw your book across the room. The reason for my angst…your stupid description of a laugh. "burped a laugh"?…"hiccuped a laugh"? For God's sake. I have never heard a person 'hiccup a laugh' or 'burped a laugh'. Maybe you could get away with the description once but when it is repeated 2 orthree times in a book …geez.
If I may confess: on reading this, I hiccuped a laugh.
Now I'll be serious. I've had this discussion before. There is a contingent of people who are very adament — even passionate — about the way the word laugh is used. It seems that for purists, a laugh must stand alone. You can't do anything while you're laughing. You can't talk, for example, while you're laughing, or at least, this is the claim. I talk while I'm laughing all the time, but to claim that a character is doing so offends some readers.
In fact, biologists are pretty clear on the fact that there is more than one kind of laughter. One kind is stimulous driven, and other other is self-generated and strategic.
Laughter that occurs during everyday social interaction in response to banal comments and humorless conversation is now being studied. […] The unstated issue is whether such laughter is similar in kind to laughter following from humor.
s a result, laughter was co-opted for a number of novel functions, including strategically punctuating conversation, and conveying feelings or ideas such as embarrassment and derision.
Humans can now voluntarily access the laughter program and utilize it for their own ends, including smoothing conversational interaction, appeasing others, inducing favorable stances in them, or downright laughing at people that are not liked.
Gervais, Matthew and David Sloan Wilson "The Evolutions and Functions of Laughter and Humor: A Synthetic Approach." Quarterly Review of Biology, Dec. 2005.
Even without scientific studies, it seems to me a matter of simple human intuition that there are many kinds of laughter and that voluntary laughter can be used for a variety of purposes. A laugh can sound like a hiccup or a burp or a bray, most usually because there's a message that goes along with it.
So I don't get the outrage. Everybody has pet peeves and they are under no obligation to be logical or rational, but I don't even get where this strong reaction to the use of the word laugh comes from. Anybody want to enlighten me?
Well, no I can't enlighten you I'm afraid, as I actually agree with you.
Involuntary spontaneous laughter that erupts out of a person can often sound weird, like a burp or a hiccup – or any number of strange noises. I'm sure most of us at sometime have maybe tried to hold our laughter in lest we offend or interrupt someone…only for it to come out in an almighty gush that sounds strange and invokes others to laugh at it. In my opinion, it is this type of laughter that you were aiming at with your book.
How boring would a book be if the writer simply stated that a person "laughed." How would you convey the exact mood of the situation you are relating without the little descriptive details like that? I can't imagine being so annoyed with a relatively minor detail of an otherwise enjoyable book that I would email the author to complain. I have just bought "Tied to the tracks" and am looking forward to starting it more than ever after finding out here about some of the humour inside!
Maggie — You know, it's okay if you find something that doesn't work for you in any of my stuff. I have favorite authors who have tics that annoy me, but I read them anyway. I was surprised that the reader was irritated enough to write to me about this, but only surprised. Not insulted.
Actually, I think it's (1) the repeated use and (2) the use of 'hiccup' or 'burp'.
The other thing is, the sound of a hiccup or a burp is distinctive so you have to stop and think about it as relating to laughter. I could not figure out whether it was supposed to sound like a burp, or whether it just came out like a burp — involuntary, a rush of breath.
It's strange the sorts of things that interrupt the dream when you are reading, but this did it for me.
Liked the book, though. I don't think the description of laughter did any damage to the storytelling.
I think I probably repeated that for Angie because it's what I heard in my head. Clearly it's unusual enough that it caught you up, which is not the idea, of course. But you can't win 'em all.
Exactly — there are so many readers out there who are tuned to so very different things, I can't see how an author could be expected to anticipate how certain words would strike in every case.
I was a little surprised someone other than me picked up on this, actually. I'm a bit of a word nerd.
Dear Rosina, I must admit that I have noticed you using this description all through your books – in the Wilderness stories, and in your modern books. Elizabeth, Julia, and Lily do it too. In Tied to the Tracks it was the most noticeable, and I wondered whether it reflected Angie's suppression of her emotions, specifically her desire for John, which kept involuntarily escaping her. It jerks me out of the story because I am highly suggestible and I hate hiccupping – so I feel physically uncomfortable for the person described.
Huh! Didn't notice any such tic. Just laughing. People laugh in lots of different ways; one person will also laugh in lots of different ways. Although I don't really care to hear someone braying as they laugh.
To me, a hiccup is so involuntary that a person who is usually in control but hiccup laughs is someone who is having to let go, at least for that moment. So Angie should definitely hiccup laugh.
Oh well. Different strokes, I guess.
I did notice that description, and while it is not one that I would use it did conjure for me the idea of a laugh escaping that one is trying to keep in. I wonder if offense was taken to the word "burp." Some people just don't like that word, or maybe don't like the conotation of a laugh being associated with gas escaping from one's tummy. We all have our peeves, don't know that I would ever be bothered enough to write a complaint though.
I didn't notice the repetitive use of those terms in any of your books. But I did burp a laugh when I read your reply to the irritated reader.
Holy Jebus. I'm sorry, but my reaction to this is rolling my eyes and thinking that this person needs to take a chill pill. Infuriated her enough to want to throw the book?!?! Relax man!
To me, "hiccuped a laugh" or burp and whatnot, was sort of an imagery… It also brings variety to the simply boring "laugh".
All this to say that the mere fact that this person wrote you about it astonishes me. She/he obviously has some issues. Who gets mad about something like this?


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KAEL TALKS
By Hal Espen
The New Yorker, March 21, 1994 P. 134
INTERVIEW with retired New Yorker film critic Pauline Kael. She talks about her philosophy of reviewing, including her avoidance of "saphead objectivity." Denies that she runs a conspiratorial network of young critics. Explains that she had to retire because of Parkinson's disease. Gives opinion of current films, praising "Manhattan Murder Mystery," "The Fisher King," "Six Degrees of Separation," "In the Name of the Father"; less crazy about "The Piano," "The Crying Game," "Thelma and Louise," "Remains of the Day," "Schindler's List." Tells about her early days at The New Yorker--her hostile reception by other writers here, her difficult relationship with William Shawn. Tells about her friendship with Jean Renoir, and the way she's followed the careers of Scorsese, Altman, De Palma. Gives her opinion of current stars, TV drama, and the books she's been reading, and mentions her eclectic musical tastes, ranging from Purcell to Salt-N-Pepa.
Published in the print edition of the March 21, 1994, issue.
More:The Crying GameThe New Yorker
The Year in Rereading
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The New Yorker's editors and critics choose this year's essential reads in fiction, poetry, and nonfiction.
The 2022 National Book Awards Longlist: Fiction
This year's longlist includes eight fiction débuts.
The Best Podcasts of 2022
There was plenty of turmoil in the industry, but many shows continued to nourish, illuminate, and delight.
By Sarah Larson


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Tag Archives: food trucks
Reinventing the Classic
August 26, 2016 by Daisy Hutzell-Rodman
Time travel back to childhood. Sink your teeth into two slices of white bread slathered with creamy peanut butter and purplish jam, the sandwich staple of sack lunches and after-school snacks.
Can you taste the love? Hungry for more? Many Omaha locals drive over to the Old Market Farmers Market on a Saturday morning for their fix. There's often a line stretching around the black truck with an orange logo, where customers eagerly await gourmet twists on standard PB&J.
PBJ—Peanut Butter Johnny's—is the dream and brainchild of John Jelinek. You won't find Skippy and processed strawberry jam here. Jelinek's food truck rolls through town selling sandwiches made from many different types of bread, a variety of nut butters, and artisanal jams ranging from spicy jalapeño to exotic fig. He even puts bacon on his sandwiches.
Jelinek isn't a chef or a well-known restauranteur in town. In fact, Peanut Butter Johnny's is his first business. Jelinek previously worked as director of sales vendors for Time Warner. He dreamed of owning his own business, and he initially thought about opening a clothing store.
Then he considered opening a food truck, but he wasn't sure if it would work for him; "There's already a lot of pizza trucks and that sort of thing, and frankly, they do it better than I can," Jelinek says.
Jelinek finally settled upon the idea of serving grown-up versions of childhood comfort food. He took the concept and (literally) rolled with it. Not being a chef, he wanted a professional to make sure his vision was as delicious as he imagined.
He contacted Beth Augustyn in the culinary arts department of Metropolitan Community College. Augustyn made a connection with graduate Jarrod Lane, a sous chef at Marks Bistro. The business owner and chef stuck together like…
Jelinek didn't just connect with Lane. He also connected with chef Clayton Chapman of the Grey Plume, Patricia Barron of Big Mama's, and chef Paul Kulik of Le Bouillon. Jelinek asked for help from these local culinary giants, and each helped create the specialty sandwiches on his menu.
"What's great about John is he has a vision but he allows us to create," says Chapman. "We went to a few tasting sessions to get that to where he wanted it. He's incredibly creative and able to see something in its finished place much before it's started."
Peanut Butter Johnny's opened for business on the evening of Dec. 5, 2015, at a fundraiser for the Nebraska AIDS Project. Over the summer, the truck attended the free Memorial Park concert and fireworks, and the Fourth of July Parade in Ralston. Anywhere the people go, they go.
PBJ serves sandwiches upon sandwiches. And customers can't get enough. At ConAgra in early July, Jelinek, Lane, and two other employees served 40 orders in little under 30 minutes. "People were telling us they've waited over an hour for other food trucks," Lane says.
Jelinek's multi-ingredient sandwiches require time and love. Aside from bacon, other dishes feature chicken, and many sandwiches come grilled.
"You can't go wrong with PB&J," claims customer Justin Swanson. "I want to support local business owners, plus this is way better than I can make."
On a sweltering summer day, Swanson saw the truck parked near 90th and Dodge streets. He swung by to support the business (and his bar friend). Swanson is a bartender at The House of Loom, where Jelinek often chooses to spend his free time.
It's these type of friendships that keep customers coming to PBJ. Chapman says Jelinek's personality also draws return customers.
"It's his enthusiasm, it's his drive, it's his passion for what he's doing," Chapman says. "You're just naturally drawn to it."
"So much of business is relationships," Jelinek says. "So much of repeat business is relationships. Serving them good food and being nice to them so they say, 'You know, let's go back.'"
He wants the food truck community to keep making relationships, too, especially in the wake of new regulations.
"It's important that we have rules that everyone can live by," Jelinek says. "Food trucks want to find a way to get along well and be something unique."
Visit pbjohnnys.com for more information. Encounter
Posted in: Encounter, Food & Drink, Publications, Restaurants
Topics: Beth Augustyn, Big Mama's, Chef Paul Kulik, Clayton Chapman, ConAgra, food trucks, Fourth of July Parade in Ralston, Grey Plume, Jarrod Lane, John Jelinek, Justin Swanson, Le Bouillon, Marks Bistro, Memorial Park concert, Metropolitan Community College, Nebraska AIDS Project, Old Market Farmers Market, Patricia Barron, PB&J, Peanut Butter Johnnys, Skippy, The House of Loom, Time Warner
Ed LeFebvre
December 25, 2012 by Chris Wolfgang
Ed Lefebvre, owner of Cupcake Island at 120th and Pacific streets, made his very first cake at age 11. "I made it for a neighbor lady's 80th birthday," he recalls. "I really liked her, so I volunteered to do it."
A baking course at Metro Tech in 1973 was followed by 25 years at Baker's grocery store, most of which were spent specializing in cakes and decorating. "This is all I've ever done my entire life," LeFebvre said. "Cake decorating in particular is my passion." He bakes all of Cupcake Island's wedding cakes personally, just as he did for friends and friends of friends in his home kitchen for 20 years before opening the shop six years ago. "I want it the way I want it," he confesses, "but I really do need to hand this off."
It's a timely consideration, given that his plan is to retire in the next three years and travel with his wife, Lois. Their children Katie, Brian, and David are grown with their own careers, so LeFebvre says he hopes one of his staff takes up the business' torch.
Still, three years is three years, and the ideas aren't stopping anytime soon. "I eat, breathe, everything, Cupcake Island," LeFebvre says. He added that while he intends to keep up with the trends and expectations created by shows like The Food Network's Cupcake Wars, he's always going to focus on quality. "I take pride in doing that for my people," he says, referring to his customers.
His signature flavor is Ed's raspberry. The chocolate cupcake has raspberry filling, chocolate frosting, a raspberry on top, and chocolate curls. But his personal favorite? Plain white. "It's just a really moist, flavorful cake," he says without a hint of apology for the simple preference. "I'm not a big 'filling' person."
To keep things fresh in the new year, LeFebvre wants to put an emphasis on the cupcake's big brother. "I already have more cakes on the books for 2013 than I've ever done in a year," he says.
Any other visions for the future?
After citing new recipes like snickerdoodle, tiramisu, and turtle, LeFebvre leans forward, eyebrow raised. "I'm telling you this," he says. "The next thing is food trucks. And I'm not saying anything, but Omaha could use a cupcake truck."
And what does wife and bookkeeper Lois think about that? "I think he already has enough to do," she says with a laugh.
Cupcake Island
1314 S. 119th St.
cupcakeisland.com
Posted in: Business, Chefs, Food & Drink, Omaha Magazine, People
Topics: Baker's, bakery, baking, birthday, cake, chef, cupcake, Cupcake Island, Cupcake Wars, decorating, dessert, Ed LeFebvre, face, flavor, food trucks, Metro Tech, Omaha, Omaha Magazine, raspberry, signature, The Food Network, wedding


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Eric Wikramanayake
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Northern Triangle Subtropical Forests
The ecoregion's land area is provided in units of 1,000 hectares. The protection goal is the Global Safety Net (GSN1) area for the given ecoregion. The protection level indicates the percentage of the GSN goal that is currently protected on a scale of 0-10. N/A means data is not available at this time.
Bioregion: Arakan Mountains & Northern Triangle Forests (IM10)
Realm: Indomalaya
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States: Myanmar
The Northern Triangle Subtropical Forests ecoregion is still revealing its biological secrets. In 1997, when biologist Alan Rabinowitz was exploring this remote northern region of Myanmar, he examined a carcass of a small deer which he initially took to be a juvenile muntjac. But subsequent DNA analyses revealed that it was an adult female of an entirely new species, which was known to the local people as putao, or 'leaf deer', because its body could be wrapped with a single large leaf.
The flagship species of the Northern Triangle Subtropical Forests ecoregion is the Burmese snub-nosed monkey. Image credit: Creative Commons
This leaf deer was named Muntiacus putaoensis. In 2012, a biological survey team discovered a new species of primate from the high mountains of northeastern Kachin State. This Burmese snub-nosed monkey is geographically isolated from other snub-nosed monkeys by two major barriers, the Mekong and the Salween (Thanlwin) rivers. It is very likely that more new species discoveries can be expected from here.
The mountains were formed from the upheaval and uplift that followed the collision between the Deccan Plateau and the Laurasian mainland, which also created the Himalayas. These mountains extend as an offshoot of the eastern Himalayas. The elevation is generally over 1,500 m, with peaks rising above 3,000 m. The Chindwin, Mali Hka, and Mai Hka rivers originate in these mountains and converge in the lower reaches to form the Irrawaddy River.
Serow. Image credit: Creative Commons
Floristically, this region is one of the most diverse in continental Asia. The varied topography and biogeographic location at the crossroads of the Assam-Indian, Eastern Himalayan, Indo-Malayan, and Chinese flora, as well as the ancient Gondwana relict refugees, contribute to the high floral diversity. A Pleistocene-era glaciation has influenced the distributions of these floras, with the tropical Indo-Malayan elements in the lower river valleys and the temperate Indo-Himalayan flora above.
The ecoregion's sub-tropical broadleaf forests are distributed between 500 and 1,600 m. The main tree species belong to Magnoliaceae, Lauraceae, and Dipterocarpaceae families, with species of Fagaceae, Meliaceae, tree ferns, and climbing palms in the upper elevations. Smaller patches of temperate broadleaf forests and sub-alpine conifer forests occur in some higher elevation areas. For instance, the Ngawchang valley, in the western part of the ecoregion, has a pine-oak association that is characterized by Pinus kesiya, Quercus incana, Quercus serrata, and Quercus griffithii.
Red panda. Image credit: Peter Prokosch, Creative Commons
There are several endemic species in these forests, including the rare orchid, Paphiopedilium wardii, named after F. Kingdom Ward, [sic] a British naturalist and botanist who discovered this orchid in 1920 while conducting extensive botanical explorations in northern Burma and India.
About 140 mammal species are known from this ecoregion. Several threatened species of importance include the tiger, red panda, takin, Himalayan black bear, capped leaf monkey, and hoolock gibbon. The bird fauna is much richer, with over 370 species. Because of their need for mature forests and low thresholds for disturbance, some of the focal species for conservation includes Blyth's tragopan, great hornbill, wreathed hornbill, and rufous-necked hornbill. This region of northern Myanmar is considered to be one of the richest in the world for butterfly diversity.
Capped langur. Image credit: Dibyendu Ash, Creative Commons
Because of the remoteness, the ecoregion still retains large areas of forests, providing an opportunity for proactive conservation planning. However, hill slopes are also being cleared for shifting cultivation. The demand for timber from China is also encouraging logging. Mining for gems and other minerals is also increasing.
Thus, the recommended priority conservation interventions are to: 1) develop a landscape-scale conservation plan and strategy before the forests become too fragmented and options are lost; 2) secure the protected areas with better protection and improve their capacities; and 3) engage local communities as conservation stewards.
1. Wikramanayake, E, E. Dinerstein, et al. 2002. Terrestrial Ecoregions of the Indo-Pacific: A Conservation Assessment. Island Press.
2. Critical Ecosystems Partnership Fund. 2012. Ecosystem Profile. Indo-Burma Biodiversity Hotspot. 2011 Update. https://www.cepf.net/Documents/final.indoburma_indochina.ep.pdf Accessed Dec 2017.
3. Rao, M., Rabinowitz, A. and Khaing, S.T., 2002. Status Review of the Protected‐Area System in Myanmar, with Recommendations for Conservation Planning. Conservation Biology, 16(2), pp.360-368.
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Home / Migration • News • Prisons • Slider / A life costs £10,000: how G4S' Brook House detention contract works
A life costs £10,000: how G4S' Brook House detention contract works
by Corporate Watch / Migration, News, Prisons, Slider / 24 Jul 2019
In 2017, security company G4S was in the headlines again after the Panorama TV programme exposed new revelations of brutality in Brook House, one of two immigration detention centres the company runs for the Home Office. Two years later, the National Audit Office has published a report on G4S' contract to run the centre.
The report doesn't contain many surprises for anyone familiar with the grim reality of life inside privately-run detention centres. But it makes public for the first time some information on just how companies like G4S rack up substantial detention profits.
For example, it reveals G4S is fined just £10,000 when someone kills themselves in its "care". And it confirms the money G4S makes from detaining migrants. It has made comfortably over £2 million a year for most of its time running Brook House, with a profit margin typically between 18 to 20%. Or more than 200 times the cost of a detainee's life.
But the report also shows that the company has made even more money in other detention centres. And these windfall profit rates look set to go even higher under the goverment's plans for the new Brook House contract, which is due to start in May 2020.
Here we summarise some key points from the report. The NAO report itself is quite clearly written and worth reading for the full detail.
See also: our G4S Company Profile; Chapter 7 of The UK Border Regime for much more on the detention system. And for another example of lax state oversight of privately-run prisons, read our report last year on Carillion staff working without mandatory suicide prevention training.
Brook House contract basics
Brook House is one of two migrant detention centres run by G4S inside the perimeter of Gatwick airport – the other is Tinsley House. It has places for up to 508 detainees, all male.i It is the UK's most secure detention centre, run to the same security standards as a Category B prison.
Brook House opened in 2009, and its management was contracted out to G4S from the start. G4S' contract was initially set for nine years. However, after the Panorama scandal broke in 2017, the government announced it was cancelling the process to re-tender the contract. Instead, it extended G4S' current deal for another two years.
The Home Office has since said that the current contract is "not fit for purpose", and it is designing a new type of contract for the centre in future. The new deal is supposed to start in May 2020 and last until 2028. It is currently out for tender, and companies have until October 2019 to put in their bids.
How the contract works
The NAO report explains how G4S gets paid. G4S receives around £13 million per year for running Brook House. The payments involve:
a basic monthly fee – a bit over £1 million per month;
minus a deduction for under-occupation;
minus deductions for "performance failures".
G4S has overall responsibility for managing, maintaining, and repairing the centre, but can sub-contract parts of the job. For example, catering and cleaning services are sub-contracted to Aramark.
The contract sets minimum staffing levels. Brook House has four wings: each is supposed to have at least one manager and three guards ("detainee custody officers") on duty at all times.
Minimal deductions
In reality, G4S gets almost all the maximum fee. On average, under-performance deductions have only been about 1.5% of the fee per month. The biggest penalties – £30,000 if someone escapes, or £10,000 if someone dies following "self-harm" – are still tiny amounts relative to G4S' fees. Also, the Home Office has actually let G4S off almost half of all possible deductions, allowing it to claim "mitigating circumstances".
The price list: 30 performance measures
The contract sets out 30 performance issues which can lead to a deduction. The NAO report lists all of these. The two biggest deductions are for:
escapes: £10,000 to £30,000
"self-harm resulting in death": £10,000
The other deductions are all in the order of a few hundred pounds per day. The most serious is understaffing, which can be charged at between £134 and £1,790. Other failures such as insufficient cleaning, not reporting problems to the Home Office, health and safety breaches, or inadequate cell standards, may cost anywhere between £18 and £857 a day.
The list of performance measures says something about the Home Office's priorities. For example, an escape is worth up to £30,000, but "self harm resulting in death" only £10,000.
But maybe even more revealing is what isn't included in the list. Deaths only cost G4S if they are judged to result from "self harm". There is no mention at all of deaths from abuse or neglect. Or of non-fatal assaults and abuse. If a detainee manages to bring a "serious substantiated complaint" of assault or racial abuse, G4S can lose just £537 – less than 2% of its daily fee.
The NAO report raises this issue in relation to the Panorama scandal. It says clearly:
Inappropriate use of force or verbal abuse of detainees are not counted as a performance failure under the contract.
The Home Office and G4S counted 84 incidents in the Panorama footage. But it found that "most of these were either already reported or were not required to be reported under the contract". Only eight incidents were judged to need new contract deductions. G4S' penalty for these incidents of abuse came to a grand total of £2,768 – about a quarter of one per cent of its monthly fee.
G4S CEO Ashley Almanza
Brook House makes a tidy profit
Brook House and other detention centres make their corporate managers a lot of money. In a July 2018 report, we concluded that profit levels of 20% and up are standard across the industry.
Our analysis looked in detail at the accounts for Dungavel detention centre, as well as information available on G4S centres. The NAO report largely confirms this picture – although it seems that G4S' profits on Brook House have gone down recently as it has brought in extra staff after the Panorama scandal. According to the report:
G4S told us it made an annual gross profit on the contract of 18% to 20% until 2016, falling to 10% in 2017 and 14% in 2018.
Between 2012 and 2018, G4S' total gross profit from Brook House was £14.3 million – according to G4S' own figures, which the NAO hasn't audited itself. Between 2009 and 2016, the annual profit was between £2.1 and and £2.4 million. This only dropped in 2017 and 2018 when the company brought in extra managers and staff in response to its Panorama exposure.
To clarify, "gross profit" means the money G4S makes from the Brook House contract itself. That is: the fees it gets from the Home Office (its revenue), minus the specific costs of running the centre – e.g., paying for guards, centre managers and maintenance staff, or for detainees' food or cleaning products.
This is not the final profit G4S books as a company in its accounts. Before that figure, it will also have to account for company-wide "administrative" costs such as running its head office and lobbying for new contracts.
However, even looking at those final or "net" profits, the NAO report confirms that detention is a very profitable business. According to the report, "G4S's net profit on the contract over 2012 to 2018, following the deduction of a share of regional and group overheads, was 6% to 15%." That compares to an overall average net profit of 6% on G4S' whole security division.
In short: G4S makes substantially more money from government contracts to lock up migrants than it does on its other main business lines like providing security guards for banks. (See our previous analysis of this in our G4S company profile.)
.. but other G4S detention centres make even more
And yet Brook House is actually the least profitable of G4S' detention centres. The company makes even higher profits on running Tinsley House. And it made more still on Cedars, the now closed family detention centre it ran together with Barnardo's.
According to the NAO report: "at Tinsley House immigration removal centre, G4S's gross profit ranged between 26% and 43% in the period 2012 to 2016, and net profit between 19% and 28%." Brook House is less profitable than Tinsley House because it has higher security costs, and also because the higher paid senior managers for the two centres are based there.
As for Cedars, locking up families with children provided G4S with an incredible cash cow. The NAO report informs us that:
Profits on the Cedars pre-departure accommodation, which closed in 2016 due to low use, ranged from 21% to 60% gross or 15% to 55% net between 2012 and 2016.
G4S gets to keep any extra money it makes?
One point that's a bit technical but potentially important. According to the NAO report, there is no requirement for G4S to share any "extra" profit it makes from unexpected savings.
This seems at odds with other information we have previously seen on detention centre contracts, and indeed on government outsourcing contracts in general. They often contain a clause stating that the company has to give back some of its extra gain if it makes over a certain figure.
But, according to the NAO report, the Home Office didn't bother to include any such clause in the Brook House deal:ii
The Home Office is not entitled to a share of G4S's profits under the contract. If G4S is able to substantially reduce its operating costs through new technologies or other investment then the Home Office and G4S agree how to share the savings, and G4S's monthly fee is reduced accordingly. This has happened once with investment in a key vending technology. But this savings mechanism is unrelated to how much profit G4S makes.
The new contract looks set to be even more profitable
As mentioned, the Home Office has admitted that the Brook House contract is "not fit for purpose". But what can we expect from the new deal it is currently tendering?
Unfortunately, the NAO report doesn't tell us anything on that. It suggests that the Home Office may include some performance measure related to "inappropriate use of force" in the new contract – but no detail is given.
As for money-making, the tender announcement for the new contract gives a value of £260 million over ten years – or around £26 million per year. This will cover both Brook House and Tinsley House.
The current value of the Brook House and Tinsley House contracts combined is only around £16 million (Tinsley House is smaller and has lower security). So it appears there will be a big jump in the fees the centres' managers will get after 2020.
In conclusion: scandals come and go, but it looks like detention will carry on being a very profitable business indeed.
iThe NAO report states 448 beds, but according to the Independent Monitoring Board 60 extra places were created in 2017 by placing extra beds in existing rooms. It is worth noting here that, according to the NAO report, fee deductions for under-occupation are based on the old 448 bed figure.
iiThis contradicts previous information that the Brook House contract had a target profit figure of 6.8%, above which G4S should share some of its excess gains with the Home Office. See our earlier article here.
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So I didn't partake in the Runner's World Streak, but I've had my own streak going–a race every weekend. It's not something I intended to do, but it seems to be working for me! Racing every weekend is giving me a goal to work towards and benchmarks to track my progress. Unfortunately I'm not doing much more than a track workout on Thursdays and racing on the weekend–that schedule will change has to change soon so I can amp it up in preparation for marathon training.
Anyway, this weekend's 5k was a little strange since I flew solo (Lance graciously stayed home with our sick little girl and the baby), but I have to admit it was a little freeing knowing that all I had to worry about was myself!
I had an awesome track workout on Thursday–4×400 and 4×800. I didn't know what to expect because this is my first season doing actual track workouts, but my splits were much better than I though they would be, and the best part was that I felt great doing it. So these track workouts are not only conditioning my physically, but they are totally helping my mental game as well.
I planned on going out at a 7:40 pace and negative splitting from there with the goal of an overall pace of less than 7:30 and as close to 23 minutes as possible for my finishing time. I was a little discouraged in the first mile when my legs just wouldn't move (don't you just love that feeling) and my mile 1 split was 7:50. I let worry and doubt only enter my head for only a split second before I took control of my stride and cadence. I kept a close eye on my Garmin and knew I was making up time–my pace dropped to about 7:20–but could I hold it? That's the problem with only doing two workouts a week!
I visualized my track workouts and recreated my stride. I convinced myself to trust my training and to believe that I have the ability to run this fast. I believe (and always have) that the mental component is just as strong as the physical and has the potential to make or break a race.
I would cross the finish line at 22:47 feeling absolutely amazing about myself (isn't that why we do these crazy things?!). I averaged 7:21/mile and felt so strong.
My Garmin is always off lately? Is yours??
Mission accomplished this weekend! This week I actually will be adding a third run in the form of a hilly 10k on Monday night (part of the New York State Parks Summer Run Series). This race includes the aptly named Cardiac Hill, which I have strangely missed since I haven't run this one in a while.
This post is linked up at Running 'N' Reading!
Is your Garmin always off? Mine has been off every race lately!
Thanks! I'm feeling great…so much improvement since about a month ago when I felt like I wanted to pack it in!
I do trust my training. I just wish I could run as fast as you! Or even just a few minutes slower. My Garmin is actually very accurate.
I don't race nearly as often, though. I did 2 halfs on May & my next race isn't until the fourth. Racing is hard!
Racing is hard…but 2 halves is no joke! I'm excited, but also a little hesitant to start marathon training again. I'm sure I'll get into it once I start!
I'll think of you when I'm trying to run faster and in my August 10k.
Wow! Great job on that race! Are you really racing every weekend? Impressive!
Yes! And thank you! Around here it's not too out of the ordinary. We have a very strong and active local running community here on Long Island and many of us do participate in races every weekend.
I have the same Garmin, and it seems to be pretty reliable. Great job on the 5k…what an awesome finish time!
Thanks! My race tonight (yes, I also raced Monday night this week!) was pretty spot on at 6.2…maybe I just had a string of slightly short races!


The BASF Board of Directors is the group of elected board members, whose volunteer responsibilities is to set the mission and direct senior staff to implement their goals and objectives. They meet approximately monthly in various locations throughout the BASF Territory. Either Builders or Associate members can sit on the Board of Directors, but a numerical majority must be builders. BASF can have up to 42 Board Members according to their by-laws, but there are 34 sitting at this time. They serve a one-year term. There are no "term-limits" on Board members, who are approved at the Association's October Annual meeting.
Nelson Rodriguez Associate Board Member CT Solutions South. Inc.


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Energy cooperation would help peace on Cyprus
Turkish Cypriot President Mustafa Akinci said that if the negotiations for a resolution on the island end in success, Mediterranean gas reserves will help bring lasting peace to the island.
Speaking to Anadolu Agency after attending the 13th Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) Summit in the Pakistani capital Islamabad, Akinci also warned, "If there is no solution and compromise on the island, the natural gas deposits will be an element of tension."
Stating that an energy corridor from southern Cyprus into Northern Cyprus would serve peace, he added, "Cyprus' natural gas deposits are ours, too".
On plans by Israel, Greece, and the Greek Cypriot administration to build underwater electricity networks, Akinci said, "Instead, an Israel-Cyprus-Turkey route could be less expensive and easier," he said.
He also stated that if a settlement is reached, water coming from Turkey to the island's north would be shared with the south.
"Cooperation in the field of energy benefits everyone in the region. That's the smart way. For this, a resolution on Cyprus is necessary," Akinci said.
Turkish Cyprus seeks ECO membership
Akinci said that his country has applied for full membership in the ECO, the 10-nation Eurasian political and economic intergovernmental organization which includes Turkey, Pakistan, and Iran.
Akinci said the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus currently has observer status in the organization, adding, "There is no need to wait for the resolution process to cooperate" with countries in the region.
He also stated that his country is providing good tourism and education services.
After a military coup in the eastern Mediterranean island in 1974 which aimed to unite it with Greece, Turkey intervened as a guarantor power.
This led to the emergence of an independent Turkish Cypriot state in the north and a Greek Cypriot administration in the south.
Cypriot issues remain unresolved despite a series of discussions which resumed in May 2015.
The main goal is to find a political solution as the sides seek to reunify the island under a federal system after more than 40 years of division.
Cyprus' three guarantors – Turkey, Greece, and the United Kingdom – were assigned when it gained independence from Britain in 1960.
#Energy, #cooperation, #help, #peace, #Cyprus, #MustafaAkinci
cooperation Cyprus energy help Mustafa Akinci peace	2017-03-28
Önceki: Turkey trade deficit shrank in Feb.
Sonraki: Turkey's unemployment to fall to 9.5-10 pct


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Two Ingroup Morality Items
January 12, 2014 /4 Comments/in Jewish Double Standards on Immigration and Multiculturalism in Israel vs. the Diaspora, Jewish Ethics /by Kevin MacDonald
As noted ad nauseum at TOO, while Diaspora Jews in the West continue to promote immigration and multiculturalism as intrinsic goods and unquestioned moral ideals, in Israel the whole point of public policy is to retain its Jewish character. The most recent example is shipping to Sweden dozens of African refugees living in Israel. Patrick Cleburne's account at VDARE says it all:
The similar size and ethnic diversity of the two countries means that the only rationale for sending Africans to Sweden is that Sweden cares nothing about retaining a Swedish identity, whereas Israel cares deeply about remaining a Jewish state;
While the U.S. government policy on immigration and multiculturalism remains at odds with the interests of the traditional people of the West, especially the working class (so, as Cleburne notes, we can expect many of these African refugees to end up in the U.S.), the Israeli government sticks up for their own people: Interior Minister Gideon Sa'ar said he was "not very impressed with all the crying and complaining" by business owners whose employees were on strike. "With all due respect to the restaurant and café owners in crisis, or those whose cleaning staff didn't show up, this will not determine Israel's national policy. On the contrary, let's think about those Israelis who have lost their jobs [to migrant workers]."
Given that immigration and multiculturalism are presented as moral imperatives in the West, this results in a double moral standard—one morality for the ingroup and a quite different morality toward the outgroup; the theme of Jewish moral particularism. Unlike the addiction of the West to moral universalism, Jewish groups behave as a foreign policy realist (or evolutionary psychologist) expects states to behave. They simply pursue their interests with the aim of surviving and prospering.
And that means pursuing radically different strategies depending on whether Jews are a demographic majority or a tiny minority. In the West, the organized Jewish community avidly pursues displacement-level immigration and multiculturalism as tools to render the traditional majorities relatively powerless and incapable of mounting attacks on Jews. In Israel, the goal is to retain Jewish identity and minimize the presence and the influence of non-Jews—goals that are enthusiastically supported by Diaspora Jews and Jewish organizations.
Although Jewish groups in the West cannot be analyzed as corporate structures in the way a state like Israel can, in fact, Jewish organizations and the great majority of individual Jews in the Diaspora in the West support displacement-level immigration and multiculturalism as appropriate for Western countries.
Thus it is not surprising that an ingroup/outgroup ethics also appears in the behavior of individual Jews. It is particularly noticeable among the more Orthodox elements. A good recent example are the reactions to the death of Menachem Stark, a Hasidic "slumlord" whose burned body was found in a dumpster. The New York Post headline screamed "Who didn't want him dead?," an allusion to Stark's many enemies resulting from his sleazy business practices.
But, as reported by JTA, reaction was quite different in the haredi media:
But while mainstream media outlets scrutinized the Satmar hasid's relationships with tenants, contractors and lenders, haredi Orthodox publications offered a decidedly different take — looking not for clues to why someone would kill Stark, but celebrating his many virtues.
Yated Ne'eman, a prominent haredi weekly, praised Stark as a "loving father and baal chesed," or charitable giver. Hamodia, a leading haredi daily, called Stark a "greatly beloved member of the Williamsburg community," citing anecdotes that showed his generosity within his Hasidic neighborhood. Another Hamodia article condemned the Post for publishing "a litany of untruths to malign the integrity of Mr. Stark," though it made no mention of the nature of the tabloid's allegations.
The publisher of a Haredi newspaper comments that
A crucial part of our mission is protecting our readers' right 'not to know,'" Lichtenstein wrote. "Far more difficult a task than providing you with newsworthy and ethical reading material is ensuring that you, our loyal reader, aren't exposed to material you would find unfit to enter your home, your mind, and your heart."
Apparently Mr. Stark did not have enemies within the Hasidic community. He was a pillar of the community, and very generous in donating to community charity. But outside the community is another matter.
It's not that the Hasidic community will never condemn one of their own. If, for example, he had committed the sin of mesira by informing on child molesters, money launderers, tax evaders, or other criminals within the community, his life within that community would be essentially over. He and his family would be shunned. The practice of mesira is all about protecting criminality within the Jewish community. Menachem Stark is just another example.
And of course, the ADL stood up for Stark, concerned that Stark's behavior reinforces a very old Jewish stereotype. "In a letter to the New York Post, the Anti-Defamation League called the Post's headline "insensitive" and also took issue with the accompanying article for referring to Stark as a "millionaire Hasidic slumlord" in its lead sentence."
In the ADL's ideal world, the story would be presented without any mention of him being a Jew and certainly without a photo clearly marking him as a Hasid. In other words, the Post should have followed the usual policy of the NYTimes et al. where all those articles on Black on White violence identify the perpetrators solely as "young males" and with no accompanying photos.
https://www.theoccidentalobserver.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/TOO-Full-Logo-660x156-1.png 0 0 Kevin MacDonald https://www.theoccidentalobserver.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/TOO-Full-Logo-660x156-1.png Kevin MacDonald2014-01-12 14:27:542015-09-02 09:24:51Two Ingroup Morality Items


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Home Headlines SBMA to open 112 summer-job slots to deserving poor students
SBMA to open 112 summer-job slots to deserving poor students
Malou Dungog
SUBIC BAY FREEPORT — A total of 112 deserving poor students stand to benefit from the Summer Hire Program of the Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority (SBMA) during this summer break, as business locators in the Subic Bay Freeport extended their support to provide employment.
SBMA chairperson and administrator Wilma T. Eisma said that 15 Subic-registered companies have already joined the program to accommodate students from junior and senior high school, as well as college level, who are scheduled to be deployed in various job assignments starting April.
Eisma added that a total of 112 slots will be given to students who pass the qualification requirements under the program being implemented by the SBMA Labor Department in line with the Special Program for Employment of Students (SPES) of the Department of Labor and Employment.
"These applicants are poor but deserving students who excel in their classes. And as part of our community engagement, it is our task to guarantee that they will be able to enroll the next school year," Eisma explained.
"These talented and brilliant students deserve our malasakit," she added.
She noted that more business locators and investors are now expressing their intention to join the program. "I really hope that more students will be hired," Eisma said.
SPES was created under Republic Act 7323, a law which aims to help poor but deserving students pursue their education by encouraging their employment during summer and/or Christmas vacations. The law was later amended by RA 9547.
SBMA Labor Department manager Severo Pastor Jr. explained that under the law, summer hires are to be employed from 20 to 50 working days and shall receive regular wages equivalent to those received by regular employees.
"Of this, 60 percent shall be paid by the employer-company, while the remaining 40 percent shall be paid by the DOLE through educational vouchers," Pastor said.
Under the SPES program, the work period accumulated by summer hires may also be counted as their probationary period should they apply for a job in the same company or agency after graduation, and should earn academic credits as may be determined by the appropriate government agencies.
Among the companies participating in the SBMA's Summer Hire program are fastfood restaurants, gasoline stations, utilities, and manufacturing firms where the students will perform work related to their respective courses.
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Like similar groups across the country, the Ohio Innocence Project works to identify inmates in prisons who may have been wrongfully convicted.
Recently, Caster was reviewing the case of Adam Saleh, who in 2007 was convicted of murdering of Julie Popovich, a 20-year-old model from Reynoldsburg, Ohio. The Columbus Division of Police denied Caster's requests for their investigative files, which could contain interviews with witnesses, as well as photographs and records of other evidence in Saleh's case.
Releasing police files as public records gives rise to a host of problems, beginning with the possibility of threats against informants whose names are revealed, said Franklin County Prosecutor Ron O'Brien. New appeals are always a possibility in such cases, he added.
Ohio law does currently bar inmates and their agents, such as defense attorneys, from accessing their own investigative files, Caster said, but he said his request falls outside this rule.
"We don't have any opinion as to Adam Saleh's guilt or innocence," he said. "We are investigating this case to see if we should one day represent Adam Saleh, but we're not his attorneys."
The Ohio Innocence Project reviews thousands of cases seeking both inmates to represent and inmates who may be guilty of crimes for which others were convicted.
"Since we were founded, we've been contacted by over 8,000 inmates going back to about 2003," he said. "We've gone to court saying this person is innocent in fewer than 40 of those cases, so we're very selective, but one of the ways we're selective is we do a very thorough investigation. Part of that thorough investigation is making public records request of all of the government agencies who might have information about the crime."
Caster explained current law also allows police to keep records confidential if they contain information about a confidential law enforcement technique, the identity of a previously unidentified or undisclosed suspect, or reveal the identity of someone who has been reasonably granted anonymity.
"The law doesn't say that every document a police officer or prosecutor touches is exempt from disclosure," Caster said.
Two briefs supporting Caster have been filed from Innocence Network, the national group of state Innocence Projects; and the Ohio Coalition for Open Government made up of Ohio newspapers and broadcasters, including The Enquirer.
"Our role as a watchdog of what's going on in the state is very important," Caster said. "We're always focused on the individual prospective client that's in front of us, but we take very seriously our job to hopefully make the entire criminal justice system in Ohio more fair."
The Ohio Supreme Court will hear oral arguments Wednesday. Caster said he's hoping for a ruling from the court in two to four months.


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Family of student killed on University of Utah campus says gunman lied about age, sex offender history
Posted 10:54 am, October 23, 2018, by Tribune Media
SALT LAKE CITY — The family of a University of Utah student who was shot and killed on campus Monday night says the man accused of killing their daughter lied to her about his age and his criminal history during their brief relationship.
Lauen McCluskey (Photo / Steve C. Wilson / University of Utah)
Lauren McCluskey was found dead near campus housing Monday after police responded to a report of an attempted abduction. The suspected gunman was found dead later inside a church in Salt Lake City.
The McCluskey family says the two had dated for about a month and that 37-year-old Melvin Rowland lied to her about his name, his age, and his criminal history. Rowland is a registered sex offender and was convicted for attempted forcible sex abuse in 2014, according to KSTU.
The family states that after Lauren learned about Rowland's past, she ended the relationship on October 9. She requested assistance from the University of Utah Police in getting her car back from the man on October 10.
The family further states Lauren blocked the man from contacting her and reported to police she was being harassed.
Monday night, he encountered her on the U of U campus.
37-year-old Melvin Rowland, suspected of killing female University of Utah student.
Lauren's mother, Jill, stated she was on the phone with her daughter when the attack began.
"Last night a little before 9 pm, she was returning to her university apartment from her night class and talking to me on the phone," Jill McCluskey stated. "Suddenly, I heard her yell, "No, no, no!" I thought she might have been in a car accident. That was the last I heard from her. My husband called 911. I kept the line open and in a few minutes, a young woman picked up the phone and said all of Lauren's things were on the ground."
The family says Lauren was an outstanding student with a 3.75 GPA and a standout on the school track team. She was set to graduate in May of 2019.
The full statement from the McCluskey family:
"It is with deepest sadness that we let you know that our daughter Lauren McCluskey, age 21, was the University of Utah student who was killed last night. Lauren previously dated her killer for about one month. He lied to her about his name, his age, and his criminal history. Lauren was informed by a friend about his criminal history, and she ended the relationship with her killer on October 9, 2018. He had borrowed her car, and she requested for the University of Utah police accompany her on October 10, 2018 to get the car back. She blocked his and his friends' phone numbers and complained to University of Utah police that she was being harassed. Last night a little before 9 pm, she was returning to her university apartment from her night class and talking to me on the phone. Suddenly, I heard her yell, "No, no, no!" I thought she might have been in a car accident. That was the last I heard from her. My husband called 911. I kept the line open and in a few minutes, a young woman picked up the phone and said all of Lauren's things were on the ground.
Lauren was a senior student athlete on the University of Utah track team. She was an outstanding student with a 3.75 GPA majoring in Communication and was excited to graduate in May 2019. She was a 2015 honors graduate of Pullman High School where she was the Washington state champion in the high jump and the school record holder in the 100 meter hurdles. She attended Capital Church in Salt Lake City. She loved to sing and had strength and determination. She was dearly loved and will be greatly missed."
Classes have been cancelled at the University on Tuesday. A vigil for McCluskey is scheduled for Wednesday at 5 p.m. on the steps of the Park Building.
President Ruth K. Watkins said she will attend the vigil, and she expressed her grief Tuesday in a letter.
"As a campus community, we share grief over this tragic loss of life," Watkins stated. "Our deepest sympathy is extended to Lauren's family and friends."
U of U Athletic Director Mark Harlan also issued a statement on McCluskey's death.
"Last night, the University of Utah lost one of our own. Senior track standout Lauren McCluskey was tragically killed in a senseless act. This news has shaken not only myself but our entire University of Utah athletics family to its core. We have university counselors and psychologists on standby to support Lauren's teammates, coaches and friends. Our thoughts and prayers go out to her family and all of those dear to her."
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Digby  – miasto (town) we wschodniej części kanadyjskiej prowincji Nowa Szkocja, ośrodek hrabstwa Digby, położony na zachodnim wybrzeżu Annapolis Basin. Według spisu powszechnego z 2016 obszar miasta (town) to: 3,15 km², a zamieszkiwało wówczas ten obszar 2060 osób, tyle samo osób zamieszkiwało cały obszar miejski (population centre).

Miejscowość, która została nazwana na cześć admirała Roberta Digby'ego – dowódcy konwoju (okrętu flagowego HMS Atlanta) ewakuującego w 1783 w rejon współczesnego Digby lojalistów z Nowej Anglii, powstała w rejonie wcześniej w języku mikmak określanym Oositookum (tj. "ucho"), a następnie przez niektórych osiedleńców Conway, w 1890 otrzymała ona status miasta (town). W ostatniej dekadzie XVIII w. port eksportowy drewna, ryb i zbóż, w XXI w. również pozyskiwanych na miejscu przegrzebków, stał się ważnym ośrodkiem handlowym, komunikacyjnym z Nowym Brunszwikiem (stały, odchodzący kilka razy na dzień prom do Saint John) i turystycznym (pływy, obserwacja wielorybów, kościół Trinity Anglican Church z 1878, będący miejscem o znaczeniu historycznym (historic places), zarówno na poziomie prowincji – wpisany do kanadyjskiego rejestru dziedzictwa historycznego (Canadian Register of Historic Places; CRHP) 30 marca 2007, jak i federalnym: Trinity Anglican Church National Historic Site of Canada – wpisany do tego rejestru 24 listopada 2008).

Przypisy

Digby (hrabstwo)
Miasta w Nowej Szkocji

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia