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Happy Fourth of July
American Indians' patriotism and Indian celebrations of America's favorite patriotic holiday are as complex and convoluted as is the overall dance of American History—although Indians, as Alvin Josephy said only half jokingly, don't have history—or biography; they have anthropology, or archeology, or ethnography. (Look, as Alvin always did, for books on Indian cultures and heroes on bookstore shelves. See where they are shelved.)
The real early history of the people and places in the new world, the on-the-ground complexities of interrelationships between Indians and white Europeans (and later Black Africans and various groups of immigrants from Asia), is the push and pull of new relationships in a strange land. The pull was "help"—Early European immigrants needed help with food, clothing, and shelter to stay alive; the "push" was for Indian lands the newcomers needed to realize their visions of freedom and prosperity.
Indians tried valiantly to deal with the relentless colonization of the continent. They fought and they negotiated. And intermarried. There are many examples of that (which is not paid much mind in our standard histories), and only in Canada, with the Metis, does this intermarriage result in a new broad cultural melding. Most intermarriage was "local"—although the products of those unique pairings were sometimes historically important, from Tecumseh to the Western wagon guides for missionaries and settlers.
Josephy again: "from the beginning, Indians had three choices: assimilate, become white; move—west until the country filled; or die." Assimilation was the first choice of government bureaucrats and religious do-gooders. Policy—from boarding schools to Dawes Act allotments to Eisenhower's Termination, put as kind a face as possible on assimilation, and although men hungry for land seemed always in the wings, there were serious assimilationists who truly believed that Indians were doomed to die if they did not become white. Alice Fletcher of Dawes Act note and General Pratt and the Carlisle Indian School are two committed and sympathetic assimilationists. They believed their Indian friends' alternative was death. It's easy to criticize their assimilationist views now, but probably unfair to their circumstances.
I don't know the background of Henry Teller, Secretary of the Interior in the 1880s, don't know the roots of his assimilationist beliefs. But it was during his tenure that what has come to be called the Religious Crimes Code was enacted. These were regulations at the heart of the Department of Interior, Office of Indian Affairs, and they prohibited American Indian ceremonial life. Teller's general guidelines to Indian agents were to end tribal dances and feasts. The "code" banned Indian ceremonies, disrupted religious practices, and destroyed or confiscated sacred objects. Consequences were imprisonment and/or the withholding of treaty rations. Indian superintendents and agents implemented the code until the mid-1930s.
Some Indians saw in the 4th of July and its commemoration of American independence a small opening through which they could publically continue their own important ceremonies. There were 4th of July fireworks, dancing and celebrating across the nation; superintendents and agents justified allowing reservations to conduct ceremonies on the 4th of July as a way for Indians to learn patriotism and celebrate American ideals. They could take their regalia out of hiding.
And then, after WW I Indian vets—there were 12,000 of them—could be honored in patriotic parades that crossed the culture barrier. With a nod to American patriotism, they marched under American flags. At this point it is interesting to note that Alvin's first Indian book, Patriot Chiefs, was loved by Indians for naming them patriots. "No one has ever called us patriots," they would tell Alvin, "but this is 'our land' that were fighting for." To this day American flags fly alongside eagle feathers at reservation powwows and dances. And many of them fly on or near the Fourth of July.
As in so many ways, Indians had to be very creative to keep traditions and culture alive. Here's more in a piece on 4th of July from Indian Country Today: http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2014/07/04/do-american-indians-celebrate-4th-july-155660
See also "Code of Indian Offenses": https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Code_of_Indian_Offenses
by Rich Wandschneider4th of July, Alice Flether, Assimilationists, Dawes Act, Henry Teller, Office of Indian Affairs, religious crimes code
Western History, 1960-1980
Sebastian Junger, PTSD, and 500 Nations
Here is an old story for you:
Back in the 60's Mark Hatfiled came to our rez and noticed a large celebration held on the fourth of July. The senator remarked: "How wonderful that the Indian people celebrate our nations holiday" Some Indian guy said "Yes, Senator, and they have been celebrating it for 500 years!"


At 23 in the evening (7 p.m.) we heard that the new Pope had been chosen. He was a cardinal, and the vice-chancellor; a Spaniard by birth. He called himself Pope Alessandro VI.
We received confirmation of this news about the Nona (11.30 a.m.), and the bells were rung for his election.
This Tommaso Minerbetti returned (to Florence), having been knighted by the Pope.


Prague is nicknamed 'the city of a hundred spires' for a reason. The numerous sightseeing spots and historical monuments make Prague a truly beautiful city, and a name on the bucket list of most tourists. However, it would be unwise to simply dwell on the beauties of Prague only, and not feast your eyes on the other wonders on offer beyond the boundaries of Prague.
One such wonder is Central Bohemia, rich with history and numerous castles; the former country seats of kings and aristocrats. The healing spas of Western Bohemia are famous, while nearby Terezín sings of the sad history of World War II. Alluring and ancient towns such as Český Krumlov are worth visiting in Southern Bohemia, while closer to Prague, Kutná Hora is another recommended tourist spot.
If you are travelling between Prague and other cities such as Vienna, Salzburg, Linz, Nuremberg, Passau, Munich, Krakow or Warsaw, you will come across plenty of sightseeing spots and stopping points stretched over a few hours' journey. We would recommend the trips from Prague to Passau and Prague to Vienna with a few hours' stop in Český Krumlov, seeing as these two trips are the most popular amongst our clients. Simply book transport with us and pay a minimal waiting fee – it is that simple to take advantage of this offer.
The regular organized excursions are only held on specific times and dates. These excursions are shared with other tourists, guided by a professional guide and inclusive of all fees. Click here to read more.
This ancient town was a centre of silver mining in medieval times, which made it the second richest town of the Bohemian Kingdom.
Numerous architectural monuments of Kutná Hora and a very well-preserved town centre speak of the fame and wealth of this historic town; fame and wealth which are still running strong today.
This medieval town in Southern Bohemia still emits some of its magic and charm today, and is registered as a UNESCO heritage sight – deservedly so.
Built in the 18th century by Emperor Joseph II, this former military fort will always tell tales of World War II.
This town is the most famous spa town in all of the Czech Republic, with its history dating back to the 14th century – when Charles IV ruled. Renowned figures, such as the Russian Tsar Peter the Great and the world-famous poet Johann Wolfgang von Goethe had nothing but praise for the healing effects of the town's local mineral springs.
Home to the renowned 'Zwinger' Art Gallery, which in turn houses the famous Sixtin Madonna, the acclaimed picture by Raphael. You can also marvel at many other notable works by the Old Masters from the 14th to the 17th centuries – Rubens, Rembrandt, Poussin, etc.
Built by Emperor Charles IV between 1348 and 1355, Karlštejn is one of the most visited castles in the Czech Republic. Karlštejn served not only as a depository of royal, imperial and coronation jewels, but also as an archive of state documents.
The flexible private excursions are arranged at the time of your liking, and are exclusive to only your group. These excursions are exclusive of entrance fees and guides. Click here to read more.
In Terezin, you will find a gigantic citadel with more than 4 km of walls, built in the 18th century by Emperor Joseph II and meant to be used as a defence against Prussian aggression. Terezin was used as a transit camp and prison of the Prague Gestapo by the Nazis during World War II. The Museum of the Ghetto will tell you of the desperately sad history of the Jews, of whom more than 150,000 were sent and only 17,247 survived.
This medieval fortress is located in the middle of truly breathtaking countryside, and a return journey to Prague can be completed before nightfall. This close proximity to Prague makes Karlštejn one of the top tourist attractions in Prague. This alluring Gothic castle was founded in 1348, built by the Czech King and Roman Emperor Charles IV as a place for safekeeping of the royal treasures and documents.
The Konopište Castle has a rich and diverse architectural history. The original castle was built to be used as a fortress while expressing the style of the French citadels. Afterwards, having different owners resulted in the fortress having both Baroque and Renaissance styles. The last private owner of this estate was Archduke Franz Ferdinand, who remained the owner until his death at the beginning of World War I.
and was rebuilt at the end of the 15th century for Wladislaw Jagiello. It was used as a prison in the 16th century before being burnt down in 1643 and then finally being restored at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. The iconic interiors of the Castle include the Chapel, the Knight's Hall, the Royal Hall, the Fürstenberg library, the jail and the Fürstenberg museum, which houses the paintings and books.
We can arrange for customized excursions to your preferred destination upon request. Simply email us beforehand to let us know your desired destination.
You can enjoy an 11% discount if you book an airport or train station transfer with us, and prepay for your booking online – both the tour and the transfer. Simply write 'Transport and Excursion 11% discount' when booking and you will be eligible for this offer. The booking payments must be cleared at least 24 hours before the pickup or tour dates.
Note that this promotion excludes tours which are already discounted (such as the Superior Tour special offer and Dinner on the River Cruise). Standard cancellation policy applies.
Your excursion was exactly what I was looking for. Our driver was excellent and information DVD which we watched on the way to the Kutna Hora made our trip even better. Great value as well, highly recommended. Tonny S.


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EC approves State Aid for the building of three light maintenance workshops for Slovak passenger trains
arfonconsulting Aug 30, 2017 Aug 31, 2017 European Commission, Infrastructure, State Aid
In a long awaited decision, the European Commission has approved €96.5M of financial support to the Slovak incumbent rail operator, ZSSK, for the building of new light maintenance workshops in for passenger trains as being compatible with EU State Aid rules.
For those unfamiliar with the intricacies of railway operations, light maintenance covers routine work that does not require the removal of the train carriage from service, and includes cleaning, refilling the water supply, and other small repairs. The workshops themselves shall be located in Nove Zamky, Zvolen and Humenne.
In its decision, the Commission found that the aid will contribute to objectives of common interest of the EU, in particular in helping shift transport from the road to rail, and fostering environmental protection and decongestion of roads.
Additionally , Slovakia has offered firm commitments to ensure that the State Aid will not hinder competition in the Slovak rail transport market, in relation to the access to light maintenance facilities. In particular, after the initial construction phase is concluded, ownership of the workshops will be transferred to a separate company to be set up by the Ministry of Transport and Construction.
Moreover, while operation of the workshops will initially be carried out by ZSSK, in the future, it can be transferred to other rail transport companies, if they win new tenders for rail transport services under Public Service Contracts.
In addition, whereas the workshops will serve mainly trains operated by ZSSK, an equal and non-discriminatory access for other train operators is safeguarded pursuant to EU transport rules for the railway sector.
The non-confidential version of the Commission's decision will be published under the case number SA.42525 in the State Aid Register on the Commission's competition website once any confidentiality issues have been resolved.
Previous #Brexit: The Legal Arguments
Next #StateAid: Operator of Polish A2 motorway ordered to repay ~€210 million of undue compensation to Polish State

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Mel Reid
@melreidgolf
Solheim Cup (3)
20 events, seven cuts made, $79,363 (109)
Recorded career-best T9 finish at the Marathon Classic presented by Owens Corning and O-I
Finished fifth at the inaugural LPGA Q-Series to earn Priority List Category 14 status for the 2019 season
Recorded season-best T13 finish at the Pure Silk-Bahamas LPGA Classic, and finished 11th in the Louise Suggs Rolex Rookie of the Year standings
Made six starts on the Ladies European Tour with two top-five finishes, including a win at the Oates Vic Open
Played in her third Solheim Cup for Team Europe and posted a 0-3-1 record
Finished in a tie for eighth at the 2016 LPGA Final Qualifying Tournament to earn Priority List Category 12 status for the 2017 season
A five-time winner on the Ladies European Tour (LET)
Member of Team England in the UL International Crown, posting a 2-2-0 overall record
Recorded an LPGA career-best tie for ninth at the 2015 RICOH Women's British Open
Member of European Solheim Cup team


1 8091 Bennett Road, Richmond - SOLD | Regent Park Realty Inc.
Most convenient Richmond Central area recently renovated half duplex townhouse with 3 bedrooms + den + extra large rec room which can be converted into two more bedrooms. Oversized 1,862' with 3 levels, 3 full baths + powder room, 2 ensuite master bedrooms with privacy, very functional layout with individual controlled electric heat to save energy, double side by side garage. House facing South. Shows like new. Just 4 units duplex townhouse complex with low maintenance fee. Walking distance to Skytrain, General Currie Elementary, Richmond High School, Community/Aquatic Centre, Richmond Centre.


A Bermuda High will maintain increasingly hot, humid conditions across much of the eastern U.S., with temperatures averaging up to 10°F above normal from the central Plains and Corn Belt to the Atlantic Coast States, according to USDA's agricultural weather highlights.
Scattered showers are likely in the afternoon heat, though no large organized areas of rain are expected from the central and southern Plains into the Southeast. Farther north, a cold front will drift southward out of Canada, generating locally heavy showers and thunderstorms from the Great Lakes and Corn Belt into the Mid-Atlantic during the latter half of the week.
Meanwhile, chilly weather associated with a pronounced southward dip in the jet stream over the western U.S. will give way to warmer conditions by week's end, while a departing storm produces additional rain and mountain snow over northern portions of the Rockies and High Plains.
The National Weather Service 6- to 10-day outlook for June 22-26 calls for above-normal rainfall east of the Mississippi to contrast with near- to below-normal precipitation across the central and western U.S. Above-normal temperatures are expected across much of the nation, with cooler-than-normal weather confined to southern portions of the Rockies and Plains into west Texas.
In the West, rain and high elevation snow are boosting moisture reserves across northern portions of the Rockies and Intermountain region, while drought continues to impact pastures, crops, and water reserves from California into the Four Corners region.
On the Plains, mostly dry weather is promoting fieldwork and crop development. Long-term drought persists in key central and southern winter wheat areas, though recent rain has improved summer crop prospects. For example, 63 percent of Kansas' winter wheat was rated poor to very poor as of June 15, while the state's corn crop was only 9 percent poor to very poor (and 50 percent good to excellent).
In the Corn Belt, locally heavy showers and thunderstorms are easing soil moisture deficits in Iowa and northern Illinois. Elsewhere, dry, warm weather is promoting corn and soybean development.
In the South, mostly dry weather is promoting winter wheat harvesting and other seasonal fieldwork after recent rain-induced delays. Seasonal showers continue to ease dryness in southern Florida.


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How much will family vacation cost you?
In: kids
With the recession restricting budgets, families are trying to spend less while still enjoying a summer vacation. But what is the cost difference between getaways? Industry research firm IBISWorld investigated the average cost of roughing it outdoors versus a more luxurious alternative for a family of four vacationing:
– Camping & Driving Your Own Car: $158.33 per day
– Driving Your Car & Renting A Folding Travel Trailer: $241.77 per day
– Rent A Type-C Motor Home: $397.33 per day
– Drive Your Car & Stay At A Hotel: $398.88 per day
– Air Travel, Car Rental & Hotel: $575.11 per day
"Aside from wanting to save money, families are increasingly showing a desire to enjoy the simple pleasures of the great outdoors," said George Van Horn, senior analyst at IBISWorld. With camping being the number one outdoor vacation activity, and with over 14,000 government and commercial campground and RV parks, families have an excess of destinations to choose from."
The two major segments in the industry, RV parks and campgrounds, are getting the most hype lately. The research shows the RV holiday to average in at $3,576, making it the third cheapest type of vacation. Although RV sales have expectedly gone down this year (to 155,000 – from a peak of 390,500 units in 2006), the RV rental and lease market, on the other hand, has gone up. The $2.14 billion dollar sector has increased by 3.3 percent this year.
With a growing number of franchised resort-type campgrounds sprouting across the nation, roughing it in the wilderness does not necessarily entail getting down and dirty. Operators of camping chains have been upgrading their facilities and amenities, such as introducing wireless Internet access, health and fitness centers, playgrounds, and even restaurants and cafes.
"Camping appeals to families of all income levels," said Van Horn. "Whether it's boating, fishing, or soaking in some fresh air with your laptop at hand, modernized campgrounds can accommodate just about every need."
Tags: average, camping, car, cost, family, flight, four, holiday, hotel, per day, rental, RV, vacation
The truth about bottled water
In: environment | food | Women's Health
Sure, bottled water is convenient, trendy, and may well be just as pure as what comes out of your tap. But it's hardly a smart investment for your pocketbook, your body or our planet. Eat This, Not That! decided to take a closer look at what's behind the pristine images and elegant-sounding names printed on those bottles.
You may actually be drinking tap water.
Case in point: Dasani, a Coca-Cola product. Despite its exotic-sounding name, Dasani is simply purified tap water that's had minerals added back in. For example, if your Dasani water was bottled at the Coca-Cola Bottling Company in Philadelphia, you're drinking Philly tap water. But it's not the only brand of water that relies on city pipes to provide its product. About 25 percent of all bottled water is taken from municipal water sources, including Pepsi's Aquafina.
Bottled water isn't always pure.
Scan the labels of the leading brands and you see variations on the words "pure" and "natural" and "pristine" over and over again. And when a Cornell University marketing class studied consumer perceptions of bottled water, they found that people thought it was cleaner, with less bacteria. But that may not actually be true. For example, in a 4-year review that included the testing of 1,000 bottles of water, the Natural Resources Defense Council—one the country's most ardent environmental crusaders—found that "about 22 percent of the brands we tested contained, in at least one sample, chemical contaminants at levels above strict state health limits."
It's not clear where the plastic container ends and the drink begins.
Turns out, when certain plastics are heated at a high temperature, chemicals from the plastics may leach into container's contents. So there's been a flurry of speculation recently as to whether the amounts of these chemicals are actually harmful, and whether this is even a concern when it comes to water bottles—which aren't likely to be placed in boiling water or even a microwave. While the jury is still out on realistic health ramifications, it seems that, yes, small amounts of chemicals from PET water bottles such as antimony—a semi-metal that's thought to be toxic in large doses—can accumulate the longer bottled water is stored in a hot environment. Which, of course, is probably a good reason to avoid storing bottled water in your garage for six months—or better yet, to just reach for tap instead.
Our country's high demand for oil isn't just due to long commutes.
Most water bottles are composed of a plastic called polyethylene terepthalate (PET). Now, to make PET, you need crude oil. Specifically, 17 million barrels of oil are used in the production of PET water bottles ever year, estimate University of Louisville scientists. No wonder the per ounce cost of bottled water rivals that of gasoline. What's more, 86 percent of 30 billion PET water bottles sold annually are tossed in the trash, instead of being recycled, according to data from the Container Recycling Institute. That's a lot of waste—waste that will outlive you, your children, and your children's children. You see, PET bottles take 400 to 1000 years to degrade. Which begs the question: If our current rate of consumption continues, where will we put all of this discarded plastic?
To learn the truth about diet soda, energy drinks and discover the best no-diet weight loss solutions on the planet, check out all of the eye-popping lists at eatthis.com. Also, sign up for your FREE Eat This Not That! newsletter and stay informed about the best choices for you and your family.
Article by David Zinczenko, with Matt Goulding
Tags: bottled water, eat this not that, eatthis.com, leach, municipal, pet, plastic, tap, toxic, truth, weight loss, what's in
Motherhood keeping Heidi Klum busy
In: celebrity | Mommys
She's a supermodel that seems more like Superwoman, but Heidi Klum confessed in a recent interview that family life often keeps her too busy even for her own TV show, Project Runway.
"With three children and a hot husband, who has time to watch television?" she said. "I don't even watch my own show to be honest with you. When I film it, I'm done with it."
Klum is married to singer Seal and the couple are expecting a baby girl in October, making it Heidi's fourth child! The new season of Project Runway starts August 20 on Bravo.
To see Heidi's baby bump, click here.
Tags: august 20, baby, busy mom, Heidi Klum, interview, kids, new season, pregnant, project runway, Seal
Blackberry-chocolate frozen yogurt recipe
In: Recipes
2 (16-ounce) cartons vanilla low fat yogurt
2 ½ cups Driscoll's Blackberries
½ cup light-colored corn syrup
½ cup coarsely chopped semisweet chocolate (3 ounces)
In a blender container or food processor bowl, combine half of the yogurt, ½ cup of the berries, half of the corn syrup and half of the sugar. Cover and blend or process until almost smooth. Pour mixture into ice cream freezer container. Repeat. Freeze mixture in an electric ice cream freezer according to manufacturer's directions. Remove dasher from freezer. Add remaining 1½ cups berries and the chopped chocolate; stir to distribute.
*Note: To ripen frozen yogurt or ice cream, after stirring in berries and chocolate, cover top of freezer can with waxed paper or foil. Plug hole in lid and replace lid. Pack outer freezer bucket with enough ice and rock salt to cover top of freezer can, using about 4 cups ice and 1 cup salt. Ripen about 4 hours.
Nutritional Information Per ½ Cup Serving: 175 calories, 3g total fat (2g saturated fat), 5mg cholesterol, 70mg sodium, 32g carbohydrate, 3g dietary fiber, 4g protein.
Tags: blackberry, frozen yogurt, how to, make, recipe, summer, treat
Wanna eat chocolate every day?
In: food | Women's Health | Women's News
Do you ever wish you could eat chocolate every single day? Well, some lucky women are getting the chance as scientists are looking for women willing to eat chocolate every day for a year — for medical science of course!
Researchers in England are trying to prove chocolate lowers the risk of heart disease and need 40 women to conduct their study.
The majority of the women must eat two bars of "super-strength chocolate specially formulated by Belgian chocolatiers" daily for one year while undergoing several tests on the health of their hearts. The remaining participants will eat regular chocolate as a placebo.
Volunteers for the research should be menopausal but aged under 75 and have type two diabetes. Peter Curtis, the study's coordinator, said, "A successful outcome could be the first step in developing new ways to improve the lives of people at increased risk of heart disease."
Tags: chocolate, disease, health, heart, risk, study, women
Sneak peek at Jon & Kate Plus 8 new season
In: celebrity
All new episode Monday at 9pm ET
Tags: camping, jon and kate, new season, next chapter, plus 8, preview, sneak peek
This summer, take a Holidate
In: dating
Remember the movie The Holiday, where Cameron Diaz and Kate Winslet swich lives…and cities? Well, each week on SOAPnet's new original reality series, Holidate, two women will switch cities and go on dates handpicked for them. They may date each other's friends, brothers, or coworkers in the hope of finding true love.
The show premiers tonight, WEDNESDAY, JULY 29th AT 10PM/9c.
Also, check out the official Holidate Facebook page, for giveaways and you can take the Holidate "Where is the Perfect Guy For You?" Quiz to find out what city the perfect guy is waiting for you in!
Tags: holidate, show, soapnet, wednesday


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Q: Multiple ggplots with magrittr tee operator I am trying to figure out why the tee operator, %T>%, does not work when I pass the data to a ggplot command.
This works fine
library(ggplot2)
library(dplyr)
library(magrittr)

mtcars %T>%
  qplot(x = cyl, y = mpg, data = ., geom = "point") %>%
  qplot(x = mpg, y = cyl, data = ., geom = "point")

And this also works fine
mtcars %>%
  {ggplot() + geom_point(aes(cyl, mpg)) ; . } %>%
  ggplot() + geom_point(aes(mpg, cyl))

But when I use the tee operator, as below, it throws "Error: ggplot2 doesn't know how to deal with data of class protoenvironment".
mtcars %T>%
  ggplot() + geom_point(aes(cyl, mpg)) %>%
  ggplot() + geom_point(aes(mpg, cyl))

Can anyone explain why this final piece of code does not work?

A: I think your problem has to do with order of operations. The + is stronger than the %T>% operator (according to the ?Syntax help page). You need to pass in the data= parameter to ggplot before you add the geom_point otherwise things get messy. I think you want
mtcars %T>%
  {print(ggplot(.) + geom_point(aes(cyl, mpg)))} %>%
  {ggplot(.) + geom_point(aes(mpg, cyl))}

which uses the functional "short-hand" notation

A: Either
mtcars %T>%
  {print(ggplot(.) + geom_point(aes(cyl, mpg)))} %>%
  {ggplot(.) + geom_point(aes(mpg, cyl))}

or abandon the %T>% operator and use an ordinary pipe with the "%>T%" operation made explicit as a new function as suggested in this answer
techo <- function(x){
    print(x)
    x
  }

mtcars %>%
  {techo( ggplot(.) + geom_point(aes(cyl, mpg)) )} %>%
  {ggplot(.) + geom_point(aes(mpg, cyl))}

As TFlick noted, the reason the %T>% operator doesn't work here is because of the precedence of operations: %any% is done before +.

A: Note that a returned ggplot object is a list with $data field. This can be taken advantaged of. Personally I think the style is cleaner:)
ggpass=function(pp){
print(pp)
return(pp$data)
}
mtcars %>%
  {ggplot() + geom_point(aes(cyl, mpg))} %>% ggpass() %>%
  {ggplot() + geom_point(aes(mpg, cyl))}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Real Justice Is Under Threat
Wealthy corporations and powerful special interests are pushing Congress and the Trump administration to limit access to the courts. Patrice Simms, Vice President of Litigation at Earthjustice, explains the attacks on real justice — and how Earthjustice is fighting back.
Add your voice to defend access to justice.
The American people's ability to win real justice through the courts is under attack. Read our report, Fighting for Real Justice, and share the report and its important message with your elected officials. Ask them to oppose any legislation that undermines our access to the courts. We must speak up to ensure this cornerstone of democracy remains open to everyone.
Media Inquiries: Phil LaRue, Communications Strategist, plarue@earthjustice.org
About the Washington, D.C., Office: Established in 1978, Earthjustice's Washington, D.C., office defends and strengthens national standards for clean air and clean water, and safeguards public health in the mid-Atlantic region.
We Were Born Here, We're Going to Die Here: A Family's Fight Against the Border Wall
Dr. Ramiro Ramirez, a plaintiff in a lawsuit to halt construction of the border wall, shares the story of the Hidalgo County, Texas-based Jackson Ranch Church and Cemetery and Eli Jackson Cemetery, which are considered historic landmarks. U.S. Customs and Border Patrol awarded contracts for 11 miles of border wall that could threaten the chapel and cemeteries in August. Sarah Burt, the Earthjustice litigator working the case, discusses the legal implications.
Nacimos y Moriremos Aquí: La Lucha Contra el Muro Fronterizo
El Dr. Ramiro Ramírez, quien se ha unido a una demanda para detener la construcción del muro fronterizo, comparte la historia del Cementerio y la Iglesia Jackson Ranch y el Cementerio Eli Jackson, con sede en el Condado de Hidalgo en Texas, y que se consideran lugares históricos. La Aduana y la Patrulla Fronteriza de los Estados Unidos adjudicaron contratos por 11 millas de muro fronterizo que podrían amenazar la capilla y los cementerios en agosto.
Protect Arecibo, Defend NEPA
The town of Arecibo used the people's environmental law to uncover the truth behind a waste incinerator project. This is their story…
The Stories to Read On Access to Justice
Tracking Congress' Attacks on Access to Justice
How 'Freeway Revolts' Helped Create the People's Environmental Law
Protect the people's environmental law


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Salt Spring residents protest councillor's ouster
Scores of residents in Salt Spring, St James, yesterday staged a protest to voice their opposition to the motion moved earlier this month to boot their councillor, Sylvan Reid, and his Catadupa Division counterpart, Gladstone Bent, from the St James Municipal Corporation (StJMC).
The protesters, many clad in T-shirts emblazoned with Reid's name, accused the Jamaica Labour Party (JLP)-led StJMC of political victimisation, arguing that there was an ulterior motive behind the ousting of the two People's National Party (PNP) councillors on the basis that they had missed three consecutive sittings without giving notice, pursuant to Section 30 (1B) of The Local Governance Act.
"What they have done is to unite the community behind Mr Reid because like him or not, people see him as a good councillor."
Reid, a two-time councillor for the Salt Spring Division, and Bent were both disqualified during the June monthly sitting of the corporation on a motion brought by JLP Senator Charles Sinclair, the councillor for the Flankers division.
André Hylton, the PNP's caretaker for Central St James, in which the Salt Spring division is located, said that the JLP majority was exploiting a technicality in disqualifying the councillors, a move, he said, that totally disregarded the COVID-19 protocols, which should have covered both men.
Source: Jamaica Gleaner
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(1964) Malcolm X, "The Ballot or the Bullet"
African-American Civil Rights Movement (1954–1968)
O'Neal, Adrienne S. (1954- )
Sports Facts
Politics Facts


text:
Latin American Judges' Seminar
A Latin American Judges' Seminar is being held at Monterrey (Mexico) from 2-4 December 2004 under the auspices of the Hague Conference on Private International Law. Judges and other authorities from Argentina, Belize, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Spain, the United States, Uruguay and...
HCCH Secretary General Officier de l'Ordre National du Mérite
At a reception given at her residence on 30 November 2004, the Ambassador of France to the Netherlands, Her Excellency Mrs Anne Gazeau-Secret, on behalf of the President of the French Republic, conferred on Mr Hans van Loon, Secretary General of the Hague Conference on Private International Law, the insignia of Officier de l'Ordre National du Mérite. On the same occasion, the French...
India accedes to 1961 Apostille Convention
On 26 October 2004, India deposited its instrument of accession to the Hague Convention of 5 October 1961 Abolishing the Requirement of Legalisation for Foreign Public Documents. The Convention will enter into force for India on 14 July 2005. ...
10 Contracting States for the 1996 Protection of Children Convention
On 11 October 2004, the Republic of Slovenia deposited its instrument of ratification to the Hague Convention of 19 October 1996 on Jurisdiction, Applicable Law, Recognition, Enforcement and Co-operation in respect of Parental Responsibility and Measures for the Protection of Children. With this ratification, Slovenia became the tenth Contracting State to this Convention. The Convention will enter...
E-Commerce Conference
out62004
During the Dutch Presidency of the Council of the European Union, the Hague Conference on Private International Law (HCCH ), the Dutch Government and the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC ) will jointly host a conference in The Hague on 26 and 27 October 2004 on the legal issues raised by electronic commerce. The conference will focus on the areas of private law and private international law,...
Japan and the Hague Conference: a relationship of 100 years
On Thursday, 23 September 2004, the Secretary General of the Hague Conference and the Ambassador of Japan at The Hague jointly hosted a reception to celebrate the centennial of the participation of Japan in the Hague Conference. The reception was held at the Peace Palace at The Hague. Both Secretary General Hans van Loon and Ambassador Koike commemorated the 100 years' relationship in their...
1970 Evidence Convention soon in force for Turkey
On 13 August 2004, Turkey deposited its instrument of ratification to the Hague Convention of 18 March 1970 on the Taking of Evidence Abroad in Civil or Commercial Matters. The Convention will enter into force for Turkey on 12 October 2004....
The Cook Islands accede to the Apostille Convention
On 30 April 2005, the Hague Convention of 5 October 1961 Abolishing the Requirement of Legalisation for Foreign Public Documents will enter into force for the Cook Islands, thus bringing the total of Contracting States to this Convention to 84....
Three ratifications for the 1993 Intercountry Adoption Convention
On 19 March 2004, Portugal deposited its instrument of ratification of the Hague Convention of 29 May 1993 on Protection of Children and Co-operation in respect of Intercountry Adoption. On 29 April 2004 and 12 May 2004, respectively, Thailand and Madagascar both signed and ratified this same Convention. The dates of entry into force for these countries are as follows: for Portugal: 1 July 2004,...
Justice H.L.J. Roelvink Officer of Orange-Nassau
abr212004
PRESS RELEASE On Friday, 16 April 2004, the Minister of Justice of the Netherlands Mr P.H.J. Donner, during a reception at the Ministry of Justice, presented the insignia belonging to the Royal Honour of Officer Orange-Nassau (Officier van Oranje-Nassau) to Mr H.L.J. Roelvink, former Justice of the Supreme Court of the Netherlands and former Vice-President of the Netherlands Standing...


We believe that hospitals should receive 100% reimbursement for services provided. Our recovery process works to overturn denials and retractions to help prevent future denials.
We have a team who focus exclusively on appealing claims denied by commercial insurance providers.
We have a full comprehension of the types of audits that government contractors can perform and the implications of the audit findings.
At the heart of any claim is the medical coding of diagnoses, procedures and services that determine potential DRGs and reimbursement rates.
Medicare Advantage plans carry many of the same billing and service requirements as commercial/managed plans.
We approach every denial from the standpoint that the majority of services rendered are medically necessary, clinically justifiable and appropriate.
Issued as a result of a claim's processing, these types of denials tend to be more administrative in nature and issued on a remittance advice opposed to a formal letter.
We tailor our services to your specific need and put the right team in place to assess, make recommendations, and provide ongoing support.


Getting serious with dating a Russian woman means much more than just going on fun dates. It also means embracing the Russian culture, her traditions, her history and her culture. There are plenty of differences between the East and West and if you want to be successful in your personal life with these ladies then you better learn what they are. This article offers you helpful advice.
Russians love going to the sauna. It is a perfect way for them to spend an evening on a cold winter night. They have all kinds of fun sayings about saunas and it wouldn't hurt for you to learn a few. The most common one used is congratulating each other on a good sauna. Sounds silly but it means a lot to them.
In the west we are met with an answer "Great. And you?". People don't usually get into how they are actually doing. It is different in Russia. If you ask the same question people will give you a run down on exactly what is going on with their lives. You are expected to give long answers as well so prepare for it.
When you go on your first trip to Russia you may be very surprised – there won't be too many people with a smile on their face. That is because Russians reserve smiles for friends and family. Once you get to know someone better you will notice a huge difference. It is like you are accepted and it is a special feeling.
Russians enjoy this wonderful holiday a week later than us Westerners. During our week of Christmas, not much goes on for them. They exchange presents just like we do, just on a different night.
Eating with these folks is a unique experience. They don't just take a seat, eat and move on to new things. Even at the smallest occasion there will be tables full of food, a lot of alcohol, hours of chatting. It is lie an ongoing party with more courses of food you can count.
Were you surprised by any of these facts about the Russian culture? Do more research on your own into this topic and you will have plenty of success with dating Russian women. Come back soon for more Russian dating tips.


text:
Critical voices on the world bank and IMF
Conditionality
IFI governance
WB/IMF roles
Other International Financial Institutions
News Lens
CIFs Monitor
Private Profit, Public Loss: GCE's report shows scant evidence that low-fee, for-profit private schools are better than public schools
Global Campaign for Education
Annual Meetings 2016: communiqués coverage
IFC-pushed private education investment model criticised by UN
Uganda to close IFC partner's schools
World Bank-IMF annual meetings 2016
Equity, inclusion and education: Examining evidence on low-fee private schools
6 October 2016 | Minutes
The UN Human Rights Council has urged states to "regulate education providers and invest in public education", yet donors, including the World Bank Group, are supporting low-fee, for-profit private schools. This session launched a new report from the Global Campaign for Education examining the evidence around low-fee private schools and discussed research from Education International on the privatization of education.
Sponsor: Global Campaign for Education
Jennifer Rigg, Executive Director, Global Campaign for Education (Moderator)
Tanvir Muntasim, International Policy Manager-Education, ActionAid
Salima Namusobya, Executive Director, Initiative for Social and Economic Rights (joined remotely)
Wilson Sossion, General Secretary, Kenya National Union of Teachers (joined remotely)
Oni R. Lusk-Stover, Senior Education Specialist, World Bank Group
Jennifer Rigg
The report discusses whether governments can provide quality education that is accessible to all children; well-trained and supported teachers, and inclusive education.
Tanvir Muntasim (see full powerpoint of Tanvir's presentation here)
What does the report do? It looks at the growth of for-profit low fee private schools (LFPS) and the actors promoting them; it examines the evidence behind the key arguments from LFPS proponents; it documents the impact privatisation of education has on poverty, inequality and social segregation; it offers feasible and pragmatic solutions to the challenges facing quality public education.
Low-fee private schools: low costs-high profit? BIA and Omega Schools play into the 'great growth industries of 21stcentury'. Big supporters for private education are World Bank, bilateral donors, such as DFID. Pearson, ADB and economic commission, philanthropy billionaires.
Five of the arguments of the proponents; (1) LFPS offer better quality; (2) LFPS affordable for all; (3) more efficient and innovative; (4) reach most excluded; and brings choice and competition driving standards up and responding to parental choice.
Responses (1) better quality; schools focused on tests, not teaching skills, low qualified or unqualified teachers, so no clear private sector advantage in quality.
(2) affordable for all; the percentage of income spend on LFPS are very high. As people pay taxes to government that pay for providing public schools, so they are essentially pay twice. The schools are not affordable for all, and price poor communities out of schools.
(3) efficient & innovative: unsustainable and frequent closures, affecting performance and efficiency. Very low costs standardization of education, based on outdated education principles.
(4) reach most excluded; most LFPS are in urban areas, not the rural where most excluded are, girls are excluded and the schools preselect children on abilitt, so the ones likely to do better are at those schools and those with learning disabilities are excluded, as well as out of school children. Schools are not available in conflict and fragile contexts.
(5) more choice and competition; when the parents become dissatisfied they want to pay less and jump from school to school. Choices based on inaccurate information.
Where do we go from here?: Public educations needs to be put first and increase the confidence in public education and increase financing in it, as this has been declining, and make this financing inclusive, progressive and increase scrutiny, governance and accountability in the public sector, quality and equity in the public sector and ensure public regulation of the private education providers
Education International Campaign video
view video here (4:37)
Wilson Sossion
Kenya has the largest presence of LFPS in Africa. Kenya constitution protects the rights for children to education (article 43/f and 53/1). 2 million children are out of school. Private sector played a large role in Kenya.
BIA is the largest LFPS in Kenya and are ill-equipped, confirmed by ministry. The schools don't meet infrastructural standards of education. Don't use qualified teachers and don't use a recognised curriculum and are acting outside the constitution and is discriminatory for Kenyan children.
Education should be free in this country. We do not needs Bridge in this land, we are seriously concerned that the World Bank are continuing to support Bridge and should have supported the public education system in the slums and around the area.
We believe LFPS are a wrong direction for Kenya. Our campaign has contacted the ministry and requested to close bridge schools, it is the wrong group to invest in education in Kenya, we believe the government of Kenya can provide public education for those in slums.
Salima Namusobya
Uganda has LFPS in urban slum areas, there is a lack of accountability. This has had a negative impact on education, the reintroduction of fees, the growth of the private schools, it has a detrimental impact on the education of poor children.
The quality of education is frequently lacking, it is not helping out of school children in rural areas or children with disabilities, as most schools are in urban areas and the buildings does not accommodate for children with disabilities.
There are challenges to the legality of the LFPS, there have been several developments with BIA in Uganda.
In January BIA was invited by the education working group by the ministry. Issues with poor infrastructure and sanitation and BIA works with an unapproved curriculum. BIA has been ordered to not open any news schools until the issues are addressed.
In July the ministry of education issued a letter directing the closure of all BIAs in Uganda.
In August BIA went to court seeking injunction against the order of the closure, following the minister to close all BIA schools. BIA secured an interim order against closure until the case is heard. Awaiting to hear of the final outcome of the case.
Oni R. Lusk-Stover
I am a senior education specialist working on the World Bank's Invest early, invest smartly, invest for all
Everyone has attended a range of different education
The challenge is 121 million children are out of primary or secondary school. The World Bank defines an the education system, as all learning opportunities available in a society. Over 90% of World Bank investment in education goes to the public sector.
The Bank has a research initiative, Systems approach for better education results (SABER): engaging the private sector (EPS). Our aim is to give governments a better understanding of their education possibilities, increasing accountability for all actors in the education system. Increase the evidence base, access, quality, equity and affordability. To strengthen accountability and transparency.
The private or non-state sector-as we like to refer to it-, is more than just BIA.
A case study: Senegalese government approached the Bank, we need to evaluate our laws in the education sector. The World Bank supported an investigation in the education system and recommended how to improve the education system.
Tanvir Muntasim
In the report we have specific recommendations for governments, funders and civil society. The false notion of private sector efficiency has been disproved many times. Civil society needs to actively engage with the education policy and make sure education is in line with the human rights obligations of the governments to provide education.
Q: Why are parents choosing to pay for schools, if there are already public schools available?
Q: these areas are in slum areas, the parents put kids in schools, so they are in school. What are the solutions that can come out of this meeting? What does the WB lady think that we need to do?
Q: How do we make sure that certification doesn't strangle the provision of education?
Q: Liberia seeks to contract out all its primary schools. Question to Oni; these are for profit entities. For profit, taking from meagre government wallet. For profit; which pockets are being lined, do the resources even stay within the country? You use the term 'education markets', rather than education services.
Q:In India there is a larger increase in private schools than public. How does this fit into the case of India?
I a glad you mentioned Liberia, it is very much on the radar. Its phenomenal that there has been a bit of stepping back. There will be an impact evaluation and a pilot going forward, that will be rigorously evaluated. We are all human after all. We need to step back and going forward in a way that is sustainable.
Liberia is a great case; we need the evidence before moving forward.
Education markets vs education services. We need to think about children going to school. I come from a family of teachers, so always try to make it personal. The government should be the steward of the education system
The perception of private being better/more efficient. Private schools and schooling in English have the perception of being better quality; schools using technology, a tablet, no matter on how they use it, thought to delivering better quality.
It is putting our money where out mouth is, which has failed so far.
Liberia, it is interesting that the government says it does not have money to invest in public education, but then cough up 11 million to pay for this pilot.
Jim Kim, the world bank is not afraid to move on from projects or strategies that go wrong. It would be great to see.
Lumping together all schools together as non-state education is inclusive, but losses nuances.
Public to private; BIA schools are promoting to offer better education and say they will offer children a laptop, which is their marketing strategy, which is deceptive. Bridge is not offering better education.
How to offer better education in slums, in the largest slum in Africa only 5% of schools is public, so there is very low government investment in education in this places. The bridge schools are worse in infrastructure than the slums themselves. The legal framework around education and quality in this country [Kenya] is good.
our concluding remarks are completing. I emphasize three words; evidence, accountability and assumptions. We are trying to understand more within our policy intent work, we benchmark according to the type of provider type. The aim is to offer the highest quality, universal, free education for all children world wide.
Please join this campaign against privatisation by contacting GCE
and read this 10 point briefing
See full powerpoint of all presentations here
IMF: shrink the financial sector to reduce inequality
Tax Justice Network
World Bank coal case a testing ground for climate liability
E&E News
Opinion: Are global financing institutions lending a hand or imposing handcuffs?
Devex
Too many costs for too little: The story of Tata Mundra
Centre for Financial Accountability
Featured briefings
The Bretton Woods Observer: Winter 2019
Ease of Doing Business – what does it conceal?
As India has risen in the World Bank's Ease of Doing Business rankings, it has seen other key development indicators slip.
Keeping the IMF accountable to women's rights and gender equality at the national level
New IMF gender guidance opportunity for civil society to keep its staff to account.
The Bretton Woods Project is a UK-based NGO that challenges the World Bank and IMF and promotes alternative approaches. We serve as an information provider, watchdog, networker and advocate. Our flagship publications are the Bretton Woods Observer , a quarterly critical review of developments at the World Bank and IMF, the Dispatch , a biannual analysis of the World Bank and IMF Spring and Annual Meetings, and the NewsLens , a bi-weekly roundup of key news and critical viewpoints published about the World Bank and IMF.
The Bretton Woods Project is an ActionAid hosted project (UK registered charity no. 274467).
About the Bretton Woods Project
Project Steering Group


text:
require "rails_helper"

module Renalware
  module HD
    describe SessionFactory, type: :model do
      let(:user) { create(:user, :admin) }
      let(:patient) { create(:hd_patient) }

      describe "building a new ongoing session" do
        subject(:factory) { SessionFactory.new(patient: patient, user: user) }

        describe "#build" do
          it "applies defaults to the session" do
            travel_to Time.zone.parse("2004-11-24 01:04:44")

            session = factory.build

            expect(session).to be_a Session::Open

            expect(session.duration_form.start_date).to eq(Date.parse("2004-11-24"))
            # start_time will be rounded to nearest 5 minutes
            expect(session.duration_form.start_time.strftime("%H:%M")).to eq("01:00")
            expect(session.signed_on_by).to eq(user)
          end

          context "with HD profile" do
            let!(:profile) { create(:hd_profile, patient: patient) }

            it "applies defaults from HD profile" do
              session = factory.build

              expect(session.hospital_unit).to eq(profile.hospital_unit)
              expect(session.document.info.hd_type).to eq(profile.document.dialysis.hd_type)
            end
          end

          context "with a current access" do
            let(:accesses_patient) { Accesses.cast_patient(patient) }
            let!(:profile) { create(:access_profile, :current, patient: accesses_patient) }

            it "applies the access details from the current access" do
              session = factory.build

              expect(session.document.info.access_type).to eq(profile.type.name)
              expect(session.document.info.access_side).to eq(profile.side)
            end
          end
        end
      end

      describe "building a dna session" do
        subject(:factory) { SessionFactory.new(patient: patient, user: user, type: "dna") }

        describe "#build" do
          it "applies defaults to the session" do
            travel_to Time.zone.parse("2004-11-24 01:04:44")

            session = factory.build

            expect(session).to be_a Session::DNA
            expect(session.duration_form.start_date.to_s).to eq("2004-11-24")
            expect(session.duration_form.start_time.strftime("%H:%M")).to eq("01:00") # rounded
            expect(session.signed_on_by).to eq(user)
          end

          context "with HD profile" do
            let!(:profile) { create(:hd_profile, patient: patient) }

            it "applies defaults from HD profile" do
              session = factory.build

              expect(session.hospital_unit).to eq(profile.hospital_unit)
            end
          end
        end
      end
    end
  end
end


Spray it on, let it sit, and wipe it off!
Great on dried sealer, and dried syrup.
Cleans and Conditions each time it is used.
Water based cleaner for the tires that are going to be treated or already have been treated.


Staying in a Georgeham holiday cottage is the perfect holiday, offering so much to visitors to the Devon countryside. For starters, staying at Georgeham makes you perfectly situated for expeditions to the great surfing beaches of Croyde Bay, Saunton Sands, Putsborough, and Woolacombe.
After a busy day enjoying the sand and surf of the North Devon coast, you can quench your thirst at one of Georgeham's two delightful village pubs. Both The Rock and The Kings Arms have excellent reputations for serving great food - additionally, a warm welcome - and often live music - is guaranteed.
Surrounded by miles of walks, bridleways and cycle routes, with the amazing Braunton Burrows close by and the Exmoor National Park an easy drive away, Georgeham is the ideal south west base for every type of holiday.
- Read our guides to nearby Croyde and wider North Devon for ideas on what to do and where to visit while you're here.
Keep reading below to discover some of the incredible holiday cottages available in Georgeham.
Windsor Cottage Located In The Heart Of The Picturesque Village Of Georgeham And Just A Short Drive To The Famous Surfing Beaches Of Croyde And Putsborough. 3 Bedrooms, Sleeps 6 Plus Lovely Modern Kitchen/Dining Room, Sitting Room And Sunny Decked Terrace With Lawned Garden!


text:
Novartis Will Pay $678 Million Over Healthcare Fraud, Whistleblower Award Could Surpass $70 Million
Switzerland-headquartered Novartis recently agreed to pay $678 million to resolve allegations that it violated the federal False Claims Act and the Anti-Kickback Statute in its marketing of several cardiovascular and diabetes drugs, including Lotrel, Valturna, Tekturna, Diovan, and Exforge. As part of the settlement, Novartis made several admissions of guilt.
The whistleblower lawsuit that exposed the alleged misconduct was filed in January 2011 under the False Claims Act. The complaint offered details about alleged kickbacks paid to physicians to boost sales of Novartis drugs. The illegal incentives allegedly included fancy dinners, pricey sporting event tickets, strip club expenses, and catering services for the doctors' family events.
Besides the United States, the plaintiff alleged that the defendant defrauded the states of New York, California, Florida, Texas, Washington, Colorado, Montana, Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Louisiana, Tennessee, Virginia, Wisconsin, Maryland, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Minnesota, Nevada, New Mexico, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, the District of Columbia, the City of New York, and the City of Chicago.
The federal Anti-kickback Statute prohibits remuneration to physicians for patient referrals that will eventually trigger Medicare and Medicaid reimbursements. Kickbacks can negatively impact the quality of medical care because they incentivize doctors to put profits first, rather than focusing on what is best for their patients. Likewise, inappropriate financial arrangements between doctors and pharmaceutical companies often result in the government overpaying for prescription drugs.
The Novartis whistleblower alleged that through a set of sham speaker programs the company offered doctors lavish dinners at upscale restaurants in cities like San Francisco, Miami, and New York. While the events were purportedly organized to share information about Novartis drugs, they were generally focused on food, drink, and entertainment. The lawsuit cites the case of a single doctor who earned more than $320,000 in Novartis speaking fees, while he wrote over 8,000 prescriptions for the company's drugs.
The whistleblower, Oswald Bilotta, was once a Novartis sales representative in Long Island, New York. In an NBC News article titled, "It was his dream job. He never thought he'd be bribing doctors and wearing a wire for the feds," the Novartis insider told the intricate story of his discovery of the alleged misconduct by his former employer.
Bilotta started working for Novartis in 1999. Little did he know then that he would one day play a key role in securing the largest settlement in a fraud case involving kickbacks. When NBC reporters asked why he did it, Bilotta replied, "I felt like you needed to take drastic action to turn this system upside down and make it more legit. The whole system needed to be blown up and pieced together in a fair way—fair for taxpayers and good for patients."
For his enduring efforts to shed light on healthcare fraud, he will likely receive a whistleblower award amounting to tens of millions of dollars. A spokesperson for Bilotta has estimated the reward will surpass $70 million.
Following the approval of the settlement, the acting U.S. attorney for southern New York, Audrey Strauss, said in a statement, "For more than a decade, Novartis spent hundreds of millions of dollars on so-called speaker programs, including speaking fees, exorbitant meals, and top-shelf alcohol that were nothing more than bribes to get doctors across the country to prescribe Novartis's drugs."
In the settlement agreement, Novartis agreed to "strict limitations on any future speaker programs, including reductions to the amount it may spend on such programs," prosecutors said.
Looking back on his decision to blow the whistle, Bilotta told NBC News, "It is not an easy road—it's very psychologically taxing. You have to be very sincere in what you're doing and be prepared to be opened up to a tremendous amount of scrutiny. Go with your convictions, but if you're doing it for financial gain, it's a mistake."
Industry insiders who have information about illegal kickbacks can help make the U.S. healthcare and pharmaceutical industries more transparent. The False Claims Act ("FCA") enables whistleblowers to file a lawsuit on behalf of U.S. taxpayers. Because blowing the whistle can be "psychologically taxing," as Bilotta put it, as well as financially strenuous, the FCA provides that tipsters are eligible for awards ranging between 15 and 30 percent of the total recoveries.
If you have information about illegal kickbacks, you can file a False Claims Act (FCA) lawsuit with the help of a whistleblower attorney. Under the FCA, tipsters can receive up to 30 percent of any recoveries resulting from the evidence and information they provide. Connect with our experienced attorneys at Halperin Bikel online or call us at 929.290.1266.
New York trial attorney Steve T. Halperin is a well-known litigator with extensive knowledge of whistleblower laws and the New York False Claims Act. He has 28 years of experience as one of New York's top tier attorneys. From the Manhattan offices of HalperinBikel, Steve's whistleblower cases can run the gamut from lawsuits against healthcare. Whistleblowers: A New Yorker's Step By Step Guide systems and providers cheating on New York Medicaid to private companies providing worthless services, or false billings by government contractors. With hundreds of winning verdicts and favorable settlements in healthcare and corporate cases, attorney Halperin's meticulous preparation, courtroom acuity, and client-centered professionalism create remarkable outcomes.
To contact Steve: [hidden email] or 929.290.1266
For media inquiries or speaking engagements: [hidden email]
Anti-Money Laundering Program Gets Tougher With Adoption of Whistleblower Enhancements »
New Defense Bill Creates Incentives for Anti-Money Laundering Whistleblowers »
SEC Announces Largest Award to Date - Whistleblower Will Receive $114 Million »
Whistleblower Earns $3.7M Reward in Company's $22.2M Settlement for Customs Fraud »
Report | False Claims Act
The False Claims
Act Qui Tam Whistleblower
10 Step Guide to Reporting & Rewards


text:
require.ensure([], function(require) {
require("./26.async.js");
require("./52.async.js");
require("./105.async.js");
require("./209.async.js");
});
module.exports = 210;


Super cute 18" long Colorado snow mountain necklace Beautiful 12mm glass pendant in stainless steel setting Colors may slightly vary due to monitor settings.
Super cute 18" long retro Colorado necklace Beautiful 12mm glass pendant in stainless steel setting Colors may slightly vary due to monitor settings.
Super cute 18" Colorado necklace Beautiful 12mm glass pendant in stainless steel setting Colors may slightly vary due to monitor settings.
Super cute Colorado stud earrings Beautiful 10mm and 12mm glass earrings in silver setting Nickel- and lead-free posts Colors may vary slightly due to monitor settings.
Super cute 18" long Colorado Heart necklace Beautiful 12mm glass pendant in stainless steel setting Colors may slightly vary due to monitor settings.


text:
package co.aurasphere.botmill.fb.model.incoming;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * Message which contains a {@link FacebookError}.
 *
 * @author Donato Rimenti
 * @author Alvin Reyes
 *
 */
public class FacebookErrorMessage implements Serializable {

	/**
	 * The serial version UID.
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	/**
	 * The error from Facebook.
	 */
	private FacebookError error;

	/**
	 * Gets the {@link #error}.
	 *
	 * @return the {@link #error}.
	 */
	public FacebookError getError() {
		return error;
	}

	/**
	 * Sets the {@link #error}.
	 *
	 * @param error
	 *            the {@link #error} to set.
	 */
	public void setError(FacebookError error) {
		this.error = error;
	}

	/*
	 * (non-Javadoc)
	 *
	 * @see java.lang.Object#hashCode()
	 */
	@Override
	public int hashCode() {
		final int prime = 31;
		int result = 1;
		result = prime * result + ((error == null) ? 0 : error.hashCode());
		return result;
	}

	/*
	 * (non-Javadoc)
	 *
	 * @see java.lang.Object#equals(java.lang.Object)
	 */
	@Override
	public boolean equals(Object obj) {
		if (this == obj)
			return true;
		if (obj == null)
			return false;
		if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
			return false;
		FacebookErrorMessage other = (FacebookErrorMessage) obj;
		if (error == null) {
			if (other.error != null)
				return false;
		} else if (!error.equals(other.error))
			return false;
		return true;
	}

	/*
	 * (non-Javadoc)
	 *
	 * @see java.lang.Object#toString()
	 */
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "FacebookErrorMessage [error=" + error + "]";
	}

}


Build a plan using Washington DC trip planner and get the right. Discover Washington, District of Columbia with the help of your friends.
Here, the best tours that take you around town by foot, visiting memorials.
Annapolis, Maryland 32.1 miles from Washington, D.C. See what the Yard is all about on a guided walking tour of the U.S. Naval Academy.Get up and get moving with these walking trails in Washington, DC. Washington DC is the capital of the. there are a few places to hit up that might not be on all the.
We explore. for advice on things to do in Washington, places to visit in DC,.
As you can imagine, there are several places to try your hand at ice-skating in Washington DC. If you tour these sites in person, please keep safety in mind, just as you would while visiting any.
These great places to visit near Washington DC are perfect for a fun day trip or getaway to explore the vibrant mid-Atlantic region near the US capital.With new restaurants opening in DC basically every week, keeping tabs on the best restaurants in DC is no easy feat.Logan Hollers is an environmental lawyer in DC who also contributes food and booze articles to Thrillist and Brightest. If you want to improve your photography and see some of the most photogenic places in Washington DC,.
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La diocesi di Capodistria () è una sede della Chiesa cattolica in Slovenia suffraganea dell'arcidiocesi di Lubiana. Nel 2019 contava 176.193 battezzati su 250.150 abitanti. È retta dal vescovo Jurij Bizjak.

Territorio
La diocesi comprende la parte occidentale della Slovenia.

Sede vescovile è la città di Capodistria, dove si trova la cattedrale dell'Assunta e di San Nazario. A Nova Gorica sorge la concattedrale del Divino Salvatore. A Monte Santo di Gorizia si trova la basilica minore dell'Assunzione di Maria.

Il territorio si estende su 4.386 km² ed è suddiviso in 100 parrocchie.

Storia
Incerte e avvolte nell'oscurità sono le origini della diocesi di Capodistria, suffraganea del patriarcato di Aquileia. Storici locali, tra cui Francesco Babudri e Pietro Kandler, pongono l'origine della diocesi nella prima metà del VI secolo con il vescovo san Nazario, cui sarebbero succeduti Massimiliano e Agatone. Altri autori fanno risalire l'origine della diocesi a Gregorio Magno, che in alcune lettere del 599 parla di una diocesi nellinsula Capritana, identificata con Capodistria, e di un anonimo vescovo. Infine secondo altri autori, tra cui Pio Paschini, la diocesi risalirebbe solo all'VIII secolo, eretta o ristabilita da papa Stefano II nel 756: a quest'epoca sono ascrivibili i vescovi Giovanni e Senatore. In seguito non si hanno più notizie di una sede episcopale a Capodistria, fino alla seconda metà del XII secolo.

La diocesi fu ristabilita, su richiesta del doge veneziano Vitale II Michiel, da papa Alessandro III nel 1166, ma a questa decisione si opposero il patriarca di Aquileia Ulrico di Treven e il vescovo di Trieste Bernardo, da cui territorio la nuova diocesi doveva essere smembrata. Nel 1177 il papa confermò l'erezione della diocesi, ma solo dopo la morte di Bernardo, avvenuta nel 1186. In quest'anno papa Urbano III eresse a cattedrale la collegiata di Santa Maria; il primo vescovo della restaurata sede, suffraganea del patriarcato aquileiese, fu Adalgero, già eletto nel 1184, deceduto nel 1216.

L'11 gennaio 1206 papa Innocenzo III concesse al patriarca di Aquileia la facoltà di unire la diocesi di Capodistria con la diocesi di Cittanova, ma l'unione non fu realizzata.

Il capitolo della cattedrale ebbe il privilegio di eleggere i propri vescovi fino al 1301, quando, dopo la conquista veneziana, il diritto di presentare i vescovi di Capodistria divenne prerogativa dei dogi veneziani.

Tra i vescovi di Capodistria, nel XV secolo si distinse in particolare Simone Vosich, promosso arcivescovo di Antivari nel 1461, legato pontificio in Ungheria nel 1463, amministratore di Suacia, infine arcivescovo  di Patrasso e vescovo di Capodistria dal 26 novembre 1473. Vice-cancelliere a Roma, dove morì nell'agosto del 1482. Il successore, Giacomo Valaresso, fece ricostruire il palazzo vescovile; fu amministratore del patriarcato di Aquileia e della diocesi di Pola.

Diversi vescovi di Capodistria, tra XV e XVII secolo, risedettero per la maggior del loro episcopato lontani da Capodistria, a Venezia o a Roma; alcuni, data la povertà della mensa episcopale, furono nominati ausiliari di Bergamo, Girolamo Rusca fu per un certo periodo vicario generale della diocesi di Padova.

A Paolo Naldini si deve l'istituzione del seminario diocesano e la convocazione di un sinodo nel 1690.

Il 19 gennaio 1753, soppresso il patriarcato di Aquileia, la diocesi entrò a far parte della provincia ecclesiastica di Udine fino al 1º maggio 1818, quando divenne suffraganea del patriarcato di Venezia.

Dal 1810 al 1828 rimase vacante. Il 30 giugno 1828 fu unita alla diocesi di Trieste con la bolla Locum beati Petri di papa Leone XII e resa immediatamente soggetta alla Santa Sede. Il 27 agosto 1830 papa Pio VIII con la bolla In supereminenti confermò l'unione aeque principaliter e contestualmente divenne suffraganea dell'arcidiocesi di Gorizia e Gradisca.

Da questo momento la diocesi seguì le sorti della diocesi triestina; la cattedrale divenne una semplice parrocchia, con un prevosto, un decano e tre canonici residenti; l'ex diocesi fu divisain 4 decanati per un totale di 12 parrocchie.

Il 17 ottobre 1977 con la bolla Prioribus saeculi di papa Paolo VI la diocesi di Capodistria è stata separata dalla diocesi di Trieste diventando suffraganea dell'arcidiocesi di Lubiana. Inoltre, con la medesima bolla, sono state introdotte delle modifiche territoriali per far coincidere i confini delle diocesi con quelli degli Stati. Così la diocesi di Capodistria ha ceduto alla diocesi di Trieste quelle parrocchie che si trovavano in Italia in seguito al trattato di pace del 1947 e alla diocesi di Parenzo e Pola quelle nel territorio della Repubblica Socialista di Croazia. Contestualmente si ampliò notevolmente con l'acquisizione delle parrocchie delle diocesi di Trieste, di Parenzo e Pola, di Fiume e di Gorizia e Gradisca che si trovavano nella Repubblica Socialista di Slovenia.

Il 15 marzo 2004 la chiesa del Divino Salvatore di Nova Gorica è stata eretta a concattedrale della diocesi con il decreto Ut spirituali della Congregazione per i Vescovi.

Cronotassi dei vescovi
Si omettono i periodi di sede vacante non superiori ai 2 anni o non storicamente accertati.
 San Nazario ? † (524 - 19 giugno ? deceduto)
 Massimiliano ? † (menzionato nel 557)
 Agatone ? † (menzionato nel 567)
 Anonimo ? † (menzionato nel 599)
 Giovanni † (menzionato nel 757)
 Senatore † (menzionato nel 767 circa)
 Sede soppressa e unita a Trieste
 Adalgero † (1184 - 1216 deceduto)
 Uretmaro † (settembre 1216 - ?)
 Assalonne † (prima del 1220 - dopo il 1231)
 Corrado † (prima del 1245 - dopo agosto 1270)
 Azzo † (prima del 18 gennaio 1271 - ?)
 Papo † (menzionato nel 1275)
 Buono † (prima del 1279 - 1283 deceduto)
 Vitale † (28 ottobre 1283 - circa 1300 deceduto)
 Pietro Manolesso, O.F.M. † (prima di aprile 1301 - dopo il 1309)
 Tommaso Contarini † (prima di aprile 1317 - dopo aprile 1327 deceduto)
 Ugo da Vicenza, O.P. † (20 giugno 1328 - 14 giugno 1335 nominato vescovo di Mazara del Vallo)
 Marco Semitecolo † (26 novembre 1336 - dopo il 1342 deceduto)
 Orso Dolfin † (5 novembre 1347 - 30 marzo 1349 nominato arcivescovo di Creta)
 Francesco Querini † (30 marzo 1349 - 5 luglio 1364 nominato arcivescovo di Creta)
 Lodovico Morosini † (16 ottobre 1364 - 21 novembre 1390 nominato vescovo di Modone)
 Giovanni Loredan † (21 novembre 1390 - 22 aprile 1411 deceduto)
 Cristoforo Zeno † (30 maggio 1411 - 1420 deceduto)
 Geremia Pola † (2 dicembre 1420 - 1424 deceduto)
 Martino de' Bernardini, C.R.S.A. † (14 luglio 1424 - 23 febbraio 1428 nominato vescovo di Modone)
 Francesco di Biondo, O.P. † (23 febbraio 1428 - 29 marzo 1448 deceduto)
 Gabriele Gabrieli † (20 maggio 1448 - dopo il 1º maggio 1471 deceduto)
 Pietro Bagnacavallo † (16 settembre 1472 - 1473 deceduto)
 Simone Vosich † (26 novembre 1473 - agosto 1482 deceduto)
 Giacomo Valaresso † (30 agosto 1482 - 9 marzo 1503 deceduto)
 Bartolomeo da Sonica, O.P. † (5 aprile 1503 - 13 aprile 1529 deceduto)
 Defendente Valvassori † (18 aprile 1529 - 1536 deceduto)
 Pietro Paolo Vergerio † (6 settembre 1536 - 5 luglio 1549 deposto)
 Tommaso Stella, O.P. † (21 agosto 1549 - 6 gennaio 1566 deceduto)
 Adriano Bereti, O.P. † (6 marzo 1566 - 7 marzo 1572 deceduto)
 Antonio Elio † (30 luglio 1572 - 1576 deceduto)
 Giovanni Ingenerio † (3 dicembre 1576 - 1600 deceduto)
 Girolamo Contarini † (15 maggio 1600 - 9 ottobre 1619 deceduto)
 Girolamo Rusca, O.P. † (29 aprile 1620 - 15 febbraio 1630 deceduto)
 Pietro Morari † (20 settembre 1632 - 1653 deceduto)
 Baldassarre Bonifacio † (23 o 24 novembre 1653 - 17 novembre 1659 deceduto)
 Francesco Zeno † (16 febbraio 1660 - 14 agosto 1680 deceduto)
 Sede vacante (1680-1684)
 Pier Giulio Dolfin † (19 giugno 1684 - 24 aprile 1685 deceduto)
 Paolo Naldini, O.E.S.A. † (18 marzo 1686 - 21 aprile 1713 deceduto)
 Anton Maria Borromeo, C.R. † (30 agosto 1713 - 7 luglio 1733 dimesso)
 Agostino Bruti † (28 settembre 1733 - ottobre 1747 deceduto)
 Giovanni Battista Sandi † (18 dicembre 1747 - 24 maggio 1756 nominato vescovo di Belluno)
 Carlo Camuzi † (20 settembre 1756 - 1º giugno 1776 dimesso)
 Bonifacio da Ponte, O.S.B.Cam. † (15 luglio 1776 - 6 gennaio 1810 deceduto)
 Sede vacante (1810-1828)
 Sede unita alla diocesi di Trieste (1828-1977)
 Janez Jenko † (17 ottobre 1977 - 15 aprile 1987 ritirato)
 Metod Pirih † (16 aprile 1987 succeduto - 26 maggio 2012 ritirato)
 Jurij Bizjak, dal 26 maggio 2012

Statistiche
La diocesi nel 2019 su una popolazione di 250.150 persone contava 176.193 battezzati, corrispondenti al 70,4% del totale.

|-
| 1980 || 200.000 || 242.000 || 82,6 || 195 || 173 || 22 || 1.025 ||  || 34 || 120 || 208
|-
| 1990 || 207.017 || 258.332 || 80,1 || 190 || 167 || 23 || 1.089 ||  || 29 || 88 || 206
|-
| 1999 || 206.898 || 263.499 || 78,5 || 182 || 156 || 26 || 1.136 ||  || 31 || 88 || 207
|-
| 2000 || 204.788 || 261.118 || 78,4 || 174 || 149 || 25 || 1.176 ||  || 30 || 82 || 207
|-
| 2001 || 201.551 || 258.158 || 78,1 || 172 || 151 || 21 || 1.171 ||  || 26 || 80 || 207
|-
| 2002 || 202.900 || 258.380 || 78,5 || 172 || 145 || 27 || 1.179 ||  || 32 || 80 || 207
|-
| 2003 || 200.203 || 254.244 || 78,7 || 169 || 144 || 25 || 1.184 ||  || 36 || 85 || 207
|-
| 2004 || 204.602 || 257.280 || 79,5 || 170 || 145 || 25 || 1.203 ||  || 29 || 82 || 207
|-
| 2006 || 204.602 || 257.280 || 79,5 || 153 || 127 || 26 || 1.337 ||  || 36 || 72 || 195
|-
| 2013 || 181.230 || 266.403 || 68,0 || 156 || 126 || 30 || 1.161 || 2 || 36 || 52 || 189
|-
| 2016 || 185.450 || 258.958 || 71,6 || 149 || 123 || 26 || 1.244 || 2 || 31 || 41 || 189
|-
| 2017 || 177.000 || 251.300 || 70,4 || 144 || 118 || 26 || 1.229 || 2 || 29 || 33 || 189
|-
| 2019 || 176.193 || 250.150 || 70,4 || 148 || 122 || 26 || 1.190 || 2 || 29 || 27 || 100
|}

Note

Bibliografia
 Ferdinando Ughelli, Italia sacra, vol. V, seconda edizione, Venezia, 1722, coll. 379-394
Giuseppe Cappelletti, Le chiese d'Italia dalla loro origine sino ai nostri giorni, vol. VIII, Venezia, 1851, p. 719 e sgg.
 L. Jadin, v. Capodistria, «Dictionnaire d'Histoire et de Géographie ecclésiastiques», vol. XI, Paris, 1949, coll. 878-886
 Francesco Lanzoni, Le diocesi d'Italia dalle origini al principio del secolo VII (an. 604), vol. I, Faenza, 1927, pp. 861-862
 Paul Fridolin Kehr, Italia pontificia, volume VII, parte seconda, Berlino, 1925, pp. 214-222
 Pius Bonifacius Gams, Series episcoporum Ecclesiae Catholicae, Graz, 1957, pp. 782-783
 Konrad Eubel, Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi, vol. 1, p. 288; vol. 2, p. 169; vol. 3, p. 216; vol. 4, p. 212; vol. 5, p. 231; vol. 6, p. 247
 Bolla Locum beati Petri, in Raffaele de Martinis, Iuris pontificii de propaganda fide. Pars prima, Tomo IV, Romae, 1891, p. 697
 Bolla Prioribus saeculi, AAS 69 (1977), p. 689
 Decreto Ut spirituali, AAS 96 (2004), p. 240

Voci correlate
Cattedrale dell'Assunta e di San Nazario
Concattedrale del Divino Salvatore

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni
Annuario Pontificio del 2020 e precedenti, riportati su www.catholic-hierarchy.org alle pagine Catholic Diocese of Koper e Catholic Diocese of Capodistria (Capo d'Istria)(Koper)
 Sito ufficiale della diocesi

Capodistria
Capodistria
Capodistria

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Thank you for Making Me #2! One More Day for Free eBook!
I want to thank all of you wonderful people for helping me make yesterday's birthday the best one I've ever had! You guys are fabulous! I was smiling so much throughout the day my cheeks were sore when I finally went to bed. It was great!
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I also wanted to show you where I stand in the Amazon ratings this morning. I'm #2!!
Yes, you have that correct. Because of you fine people, I am number 2 in the Best Sellers, short stories-30 to 45-minute reads – Mystery-Thriller category! Yeah, me!! I had to take another screen shot to show you. This has been the most wonderful birthday!
Tomorrow, when I do the Monday Meeting post, I will tell you all about my magical day. Until then, have a wonderful day as I know I will! Thanks again for everyone's support and partying with me!


text:
Gastroenterology > General Gastroenterology
Misoprostol Helps Heal Small Bowel Ulcers
— Study found three times the rate of healing in chronic aspirin users versus placebo
by Diana Swift, Contributing Writer July 10, 2018
Prostaglandin analog misoprostol was almost three times better than placebo in healing small bowel ulcers complicated by bleeding in patients on continuous aspirin for cardiovascular prophylaxis, according to a study from Hong Kong.
While about 29% of misosprostol users healed, only about 10% of placebo recipients did so, reported Francis K.L. Chan, MBChB, MD, DSc, of Prince of Wales Hospital at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, and colleagues.
"However, use of misoprostol alone would provide only limited protection against aspirin on the small bowel," they wrote in Gastroenterology.
The authors suggested that combination therapy with misoprostol plus an additional agent may provide the best chance of complete mucosal healing.
Currently, the only recommendation to patients with small bowel bleeding is to discontinue aspirin, with the attendant risk of serious cardiothrombotic events. According to Chan's group, theirs is the first study to offer an alternative in that setting.
Bleeding from the lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract has become an increasing burden in the past decade, the authors noted, a trend likely associated with escalating use of aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). A Taiwanese national health database revealed low-dose aspirin increased the risk of lower GI bleeding by almost three-fold. An earlier prospective study reported that NSAIDs accounted for almost 40% of all undiagnosed GI blood loss.
The current study's population consisted of 84 chronic aspirin users in Hong Kong and Japan. Patients with small bowel ulcers or multiple erosions on capsule endoscopy were randomly assigned to receive either misoprostol 200 μg 4 times daily (n=42) or placebo (n=42) for 8 weeks. The mean age in the treatment group was 73 and 54.8% were male; in the placebo arm the mean age was 70.2 and 61.9% were male.
Nearly 20% in both groups had multiple cardiovascular risk factors and several in both groups were on concomitant antithrombotics such as clopidogrel or warfarin. Almost all in both groups had used aspirin for more than 3 months before enrollment. All patients continued taking aspirin 100 mg once daily.
The primary endpoint was complete ulcer healing at follow-up endoscopy, with secondary endpoints of changes number of ulcer/erosions and hemoglobin level from baseline.
Complete healing of small bowel ulcers was observed in 12 patients (28.6%) in the misoprostol group (95% CI 14.9 to 42.2) and four (9.5%) in the placebo group (95% CI 0.6 to 18.4), for a difference of 19.0% (95% CI 2.8 to 35.3, P=0.026).
In addition, the reduction in the median number of ulcers or erosions was significantly greater in the misoprostol group, dropping from 6.5 (range 1-85) to 2 (range 0-25) versus from 7 (range 1-29) to 4 (range 0-19) in the placebo arm (P=0.005).
Misoprostol was less effective than expected, however, for healing larger erosions and ulcers. In the two arms, 24 (57.1%) and 25 (59.5%) patients had large lesions at baseline, decreasing to 9 (21.4%) and 12 (28.6%) at week 8, respectively.
The study result "provides exceptionally convincing evidence for the efficacy of misoprostol to reduce NSAID-aspirin induced small bowel damage. This is an important finding," said Ingvar Bjarnason, MD, DSc, of Kings College Hospital in London, who was not involved in the research.
In addition, the misoprostol group had a significantly greater mean increase in hemoglobin than the placebo group with a mean difference of 0.70 mg/dL (95% CI 0.05 to 1.36, P=0.035). While baseline hemoglobin levels had been almost identical in both groups, in misoprostol recipients they rose from 9.6±2.11 mg/dL at baseline to 12.1±1.73 mg/dL post-treatment (P<0.001) versus from 9.5±2.28 to 11.3±1.68 post-treatment (P<0.001).
More misoprostol recipients experienced bloating and diarrhea, however.
Bjarnason called the study an excellent natural progression from previous research on the impact of mini-dose aspirin on the small bowel. Aspirin is currently the principal reason for upper GI bleeds in the stomach and duodenum, which can be effectively treated with proton pump inhibitors.
Bjarnason pointed out that aspirin and other NSAIDs also cause small bowel damage in about 70% of long-term users. But "small bowel complications have largely been ignored as it is difficult to document the damage and the symptoms patients experience are often subtle," he stated.
He noted that uncontrolled studies have shown that the antibiotic metronidazole could heal the lesions, but these cannot be given long term. Sulphasalazine, an ulcerative colitis drug, also reduced bleeding and protein loss due to NSAIDs.
Bjarnason cautioned that although promising, misoprostol had to be given four times a day, making compliance a problem since some patients will experience diarrhea at frequent doses. "In addition, it is only partially effective, and many patients still have ulcers and inflammation after treatment, so efficacy is somewhat suboptimal," he said. "I would place my bets on the antibiotic rifaximin being potentially the most effective treatment, but this is unproven."
The authors acknowledged the relatively low healing rate with misoprostol and suggested that extended follow-up might better clarify the full effectiveness of the drug. "Under a longer observation period, complete ulcer healing effect of misoprostol may be more compelling," they wrote.
The study was supported by the Research Grant Council of Hong Kong.
Chan disclosed relevant relationships with Eisai, Pfizer, Takeda, Otsuka, and AstraZeneca. Co-authors disclosed multiple relevant relationships with industry.
Bjarnason disclosed no relevant relationships with industry.
Source Reference: Kyaw MH, et al "Misoprostol heals small bowel ulcers in aspirin users with small bowel bleeding" Gastroenterology 2018; DOI:10.1053/j.gastro.2018.06.056.


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Burton News
East Staffordshire Borough Council
Changes on the cards in Burton as Station Street is set to be given a facelift
The next step of the regeneration plans will help create a 'Better, Brighter Burton'
Helen KreftSenior reporter
A revamp of Burton's Station Street has taken a key step forward as part of major regeneration plans for the town centre - helping create a "Better, Brighter Burton."
East Staffordshire Borough Council and Staffordshire County Council have now appointed consultants Cushman and Wakefield to analyse future opportunities for the town as the two authorities press ahead with the revamp programme.
Station Street is to get a facelift to make it more attractive to pedestrians, including the installation of new paving and public space with the hope of creating a more modern and welcoming place.
It is part of long-term improvement plans to revamp Burton being drawn up by a new team appointed in a bid to ensure the town centre stays vibrant and attractive for many years to come.
Station Street is set to be given a facelift (Image: Google)
The firm will now draw up a strategy, which will provide a forward view of short, medium and long-term improvements and changes which need to be made to create the right conditions for it to work well for traders and shops.
The aim is to create an environment for growth over the next 30 years to ensure "a Better, Brighter, Burton," said a spokesman for Cushman and Wakefield, which has offices in Birmingham.
Take a look inside the new Burton nightclub Camino
Councillor Julia Jessel, deputy leader for regeneration at the borough council, said: "Following on from the recent positive news that we and the county council are moving forward with ambitious plans to significantly regenerate the pedestrianised area of Station Street in Burton town centre, we are pleased to announce that we have commissioned the creation of this regeneration strategy.
"Towns and cities across the country are facing huge challenges. This strategy is another step in our regeneration programme to create a vibrant and attractive Burton which will have a unique place in the area's economy and be well placed to adapt to the opportunities in the future."
Barriers have been put in place to prevent drivers turning right in Cooper's Square Shopping Centre Car Park as part of the regeneration project
Staffordshire County Council's economic growth leader Mark Winnington said: "We are working closely with the borough council to further regenerate Burton town centre and ensure it continues to be an attractive place to live, work and visit for years to come.
"Burton is a thriving town and plays an important part in the county's economic growth. We have now brought in a team of regeneration professionals to take our plans to the next stage. We look forward to seeing proposals come forward."
Burton's Station Street to undergo major revamp as part of regeneration project
Jonathan Tutt, associate at Cushman and Wakefield, said: "Cushman and Wakefield is excited to be working with East Staffordshire Borough Council and Staffordshire County Council on the production of this regeneration strategy for Burton.
"Cushman and Wakefield has a history of working in Burton and its surrounding areas and are looking forward to working on this forward-thinking, visionary piece of work.''
This strategy makes up another phase of the councils' Burton town regeneration programme which was launched in February 2017 and focuses on improving the appeal of Burton to residents, visitors and businesses.
"Some improvements have already been made, including installing barriers in Coopers Square car park.
The best beer gardens in Burton and South Derbyshire
Projects already launched include improvements to the town's memorial, remembrance and Abbot's gardens, a change to flows of traffic in Coopers Square shopping centre car park, the re-timing of traffic lights to reduce congestion on Union Street, and the installation of new contactless car parking payment machines on three of its main car parks along with repairs to artwork situated in and around Burton.
The councils have now confirmed the commissioning of Amey Plc and Fira Landscape Architecture and Urban Design to begin preliminary exploration and create draft designs for the future landscape of Station Street.


text:
MEAWW.COM / News / Crime & Justice
George Floyd's killer Derek Chauvin files appeal in state court against his conviction
By Rohit Upadhyay
Derek Chauvin's attorney is appealing to quash all charges against his client (@FictionRumble/Twitter/Minnesota Department of Corrections/Getty Images)
MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA: Derek Chauvin, an ex-cop, found guilty by a federal court in the death of George Floyd, will appeal against the conviction in state court on Wednesday, January 18. His attorney, William Mohrman, who is often seen voicing conservative causes, calls the trial against a former Minneapolis police officer unfair, arguing that many legal and procedural errors were made. Though Chauvin chose to waive his right to appeal under his federal plea deal, he is still fighting against the murder conviction in state court.
Interestingly, even if he can convince the court and win the case, the federal sentence will keep him behind the bars for longer in comparison to the state system. As his chances of qualifying for parole are earlier in the state system, what the Chauvin case will however do is, is pave the way for future cases involving on-duty police officers. Floyd died on May 25, 2020, when Chauvin, a white man, pinned down the Black man to the ground with his knee on his neck for 9 1/2 minutes. A video made by a bystander, used as one of the pieces of evidence in the case, recorded Floyd's desperate cries of "I can't breathe." His death triggered protests globally, bringing attention back to police brutality and racism faced by people.
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Judge Peter Cahill sentenced Chauvin to 22 ½ years after jurors found him guilty on counts of second-degree murder, third-degree murder, and second-degree manslaughter. The convict is currently serving his 21 years sentence in federal prison, concurrent to his Arizona state sentence, holding him guilty of a federal civil rights charge.
A picture of George Floyd hung on the fence barrier that surrounded the Hennepin County Government Center as the trial of former Minneapolis police officer Derek Chauvin continues on March 30, 2021 in Minneapolis (Scott Olson/Getty Images)
His attorney Mohrman argues that the judge should have moved his trial and referred that the pretrial publicity against his client was "more extensive" than any other trial in Minnesota history. The legal representative to Chauvin also pointed out that a police killing in a Minneapolis suburb during jury selection, and the unprecedented courthouse security were a few of many factors that contributed to a biased conviction.
There were three other officers present at the crime scene, Tou Thao, J Alexander Kueng, and Thomas Lane, who were held guilty of federal civil rights charges in February, 2022, and currently serving their sentences in out-of-state federal prisons, as per ABC News. The two of them Kueng and Thomas agreed to plea deals on the count of aiding and abetting manslaughter and agreed to concurrent sentences, but Thao pleaded not guilty. It was then decided that Hennepin County Judge Peter Cahill would decide on his jail term depending upon specific evidence.
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