text:
United States Patent 10,264,489
Quan , et al. April 16, 2019
Method and apparatus for reporting unlicensed spectrum capability
The present invention discloses a method and an apparatus for reporting an unlicensed spectrum capability The method includes the following: UE reports a list of unlicensed spectrums that can be supported by the UE and a maximum bandwidth value of each unlicensed spectrum to a serving base station of the UE, so that the serving base station of the UE can configure an unlicensed spectrum resource for the UE according to a received unlicensed spectrum capability parameter. Therefore, a base station can configure an unlicensed spectrum resource according to unlicensed spectrum capabilities that can be supported by different UEs.
Quan; Wei (Beijing, CN), Yang; Xiaodong (Beijing, CN), Hu; Zhenxing (Shenzhen, CN), Li; Bingzhao (Beijing, CN), Zhang; Jian (Beijing, CN)
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. (Shenzhen, CN)
Appl. No.:
15/247,578
Filed:
Prior Publication Data
Document Identifier
US 20160366618 A1 Dec 15, 2016
PCT/CN2014/072521 Feb 25, 2014
Current CPC Class: H04W 28/18 (20130101); H04W 72/0453 (20130101); H04W 16/14 (20130101)
Current International Class: H04W 28/18 (20090101); H04W 72/04 (20090101); H04W 16/14 (20090101)
References Cited [Referenced By]
9301302 March 2016 Sundberg
2011/0228666 September 2011 Barbieri
2012/0243450 September 2012 Ishii et al.
2013/0143502 June 2013 Kazmi et al.
2013/0344883 December 2013 Rinne
2015/0103741 April 2015 Uchino et al.
2015/0215471 July 2015 Ljung
Foreign Patent Documents
101378579 Mar 2009 CN
101605334 Dec 2009 CN
102932927 Feb 2013 CN
103069882 Apr 2013 CN
103517456 Jan 2014 CN
2844011 Mar 2015 EP
2013102289 May 2013 JP
2013225753 Oct 2013 JP
2012/162875 Dec 2012 WO
2011043392 Mar 2013 WO
Qualcomm et al.; "Introducing LTE in Unlicensed Spectrum"; 3GPP RAN #62; RP-131635; Busan, South Korea; Dec. 3-7, 2013; 8 pages. cited by applicant.
Primary Examiner: Miah; Liton
Parent Case Text
This application is a continuation of International Patent Application No. PCT/CN2014/072521, filed on Feb. 25, 2014, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
1. User equipment (UE) for reporting an unlicensed spectrum capability when the UE is in a dual-connected state, the UE comprising: a processor, configured to report an unlicensed spectrum capability parameter of the UE to a serving base station of the UE, the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter for indicating information about an unlicensed spectrum supported by the UE, and the information comprises a list of unlicensed spectrums supported by the UE and a maximum bandwidth value of each unlicensed spectrum; wherein the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter comprises one or more of the following: a quantity of unlicensed spectrums that can be used simultaneously by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, a quantity of unlicensed spectrums and licensed spectrums that can be used simultaneously by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, a spectrum range of an unlicensed spectrum that can be used by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, a spectrum range of an unlicensed spectrum and a licensed spectrum that can be used by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, or a duplex mode that can be used by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE; and wherein the dual-connected state refers to a state in which the UE is simultaneously served by two or more base stations.
2. The UE according to claim 1, further comprising: a transmitter, configured to send the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter to the serving base station by using an uplink radio resource control (RRC) message, send the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter to the serving base station by using a media access control (MAC) layer message, or send the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter to the serving base station by using a physical (PHY) layer message.
3. A base station for reporting an unlicensed spectrum capability, the base station comprising: a receiver, configured to receive an unlicensed spectrum capability parameter sent by user equipment (UE) when the UE is in a dual-connected state, wherein the dual-connected state refers to a state in which the UE is simultaneously served by two or more base stations, and wherein the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter comprises one or more of the following: a quantity of unlicensed spectrums that can be used simultaneously by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, a quantity of unlicensed spectrums and licensed spectrums that can be used simultaneously by the serving cell that can be supported by the UE, a spectrum range of an unlicensed spectrum that can be used by the serving cell that can be supported by the UE, a spectrum range of an unlicensed spectrum and a licensed spectrum that can be used by the serving cell that can be supported by the UE, or a duplex mode that can be used by the serving cell that can be supported by the UE; and a processor, configured to configure an unlicensed spectrum serving cell for the UE according to the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter.
4. The base station according to claim 3, wherein: the processor is further configured to perform one or more of the following: select, according to an unlicensed spectrum list in the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter, at least one spectrum in the unlicensed spectrum list, and/or obtain, an unlicensed spectrum that is in the selected unlicensed spectrum and whose bandwidth value is less than or equal to a maximum bandwidth value of an unlicensed spectrum in the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter, and/or select a proper quantity of unlicensed spectrums according to the quantity of unlicensed spectrums that can be used simultaneously by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, and according to the quantity of unlicensed spectrums and licensed spectrums that can be used simultaneously by the serving cell that can be supported by the UE, and/or select an unlicensed spectrum that has a proper spectrum range according to a spectrum range of an unlicensed spectrum that can be used by the serving cell that can be supported by the UE, and according to the spectrum range of an unlicensed spectrum and the licensed spectrum that can be used by the serving cell that can be supported by the UE, and/or select a proper duplex mode according to the duplex mode that can be used by the serving cell that can be supported by the UE; and the processor is further configured to determine the selected unlicensed spectrum as a secondary cell of the UE and configure the secondary cell as the unlicensed spectrum serving cell of the UE.
5. The base station according to claim 3, wherein the processor is further configured to: when the UE is in a dual-connected state, receive the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter sent by the UE, wherein the dual-connected state refers to a state in which the UE is simultaneously served by two or more base stations; receive configuration information sent by a secondary base station, wherein the configuration information refers to information about an unlicensed spectrum cell that the secondary base station configures for the UE according to the received unlicensed spectrum capability parameter; configure an unlicensed spectrum cell for the UE according to the received unlicensed spectrum capability parameter; and send the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter to the secondary base station, and notify the UE of the unlicensed spectrum cells that are configured for the UE separately by the base station and the secondary base station, so that the UE can perform data transmission by using the unlicensed spectrum cells configured by the base station and the secondary base station.
6. A method for reporting an unlicensed spectrum capability when user equipment (UE) is in a dual-connected state, the method comprising: reporting, by the UE, an unlicensed spectrum capability parameter to a serving base station of the UE, the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter for indicating information about an unlicensed spectrum supported by the UE, and the information comprises a list of unlicensed spectrums supported by the UE and a maximum bandwidth value of each unlicensed spectrum; wherein the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter comprises one or more of the following: a quantity of unlicensed spectrums that can be used simultaneously by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, a quantity of unlicensed spectrums and licensed spectrums that can be used simultaneously by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, a spectrum range of an unlicensed spectrum that can be used by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, a spectrum range of an unlicensed spectrum and a licensed spectrum that can be used by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, or a duplex mode that can be used by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE; and wherein the dual-connected state refers to a state in which the UE is simultaneously served by two or more base stations.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein reporting an unlicensed spectrum capability parameter to a serving base station of the UE comprises: sending, by the UE, the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter to the serving base station by using an uplink radio resource control (RRC) message; or sending, by the UE, the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter to the serving base station by using a media access control (MAC) layer message; or sending, by the UE, the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter to the serving base station by using a physical (PHY) layer message.
8. A method for reporting an unlicensed spectrum capability when user equipment (UE) is in a dual-connected state, the method comprising: receiving, by a base station, an unlicensed spectrum capability parameter sent by user equipment (UE), wherein the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter comprises one or more of the following: a quantity of unlicensed spectrums that can be used simultaneously by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, a quantity of unlicensed spectrums and licensed spectrums that can be used simultaneously by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, a spectrum range of an unlicensed spectrum that can be used by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, a spectrum range of an unlicensed spectrum and a licensed spectrum that can be used by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, or a duplex mode that can be used by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE; and configuring, by the base station, an unlicensed spectrum serving cell for the UE according to the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter, wherein the dual-connected state refers to a state in which the UE is simultaneously served by two or more base stations.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein: configuring, by the base station, an unlicensed spectrum serving cell for the UE according to the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter comprises: selecting, by the base station according to an unlicensed spectrum list in the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter, at least one spectrum in the unlicensed spectrum list, and/or setting, by the base station, a bandwidth value of the selected unlicensed spectrum to be less than or equal to a maximum bandwidth value of an unlicensed spectrum in the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter, and/or selecting, by the base station, a proper quantity of unlicensed spectrums according to the quantity of unlicensed spectrums that can be used simultaneously by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, and according to the quantity of unlicensed spectrums and licensed spectrums that can be used simultaneously by the serving cell that can be supported by the UE, and/or selecting, by the base station, an unlicensed spectrum that has a proper spectrum range according to the spectrum range of an unlicensed spectrum that can be used by the serving cell that can be supported by the UE, and according to the spectrum range of an unlicensed spectrum and a licensed spectrum that can be used by the serving cell that can be supported by the UE, and/or selecting, by the base station, a proper duplex mode according to the duplex mode that can be used by the serving cell that can be supported by the UE; and the method further comprises: determining, by the base station, the selected unlicensed spectrum as a secondary cell of the UE, and configuring the secondary cell as the unlicensed spectrum serving cell of the UE.
10. The method according to claim 8, wherein configuring, by the base station, an unlicensed spectrum serving cell for the UE according to the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter further comprises: receiving, by a master base station of the UE when the UE is in a dual-connected state, the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter sent by the UE, wherein the dual-connected state refers to a state in which the UE is simultaneously served by two or more base stations; configuring, by the master base station, an unlicensed spectrum cell for the UE according to the received unlicensed spectrum capability parameter, and sending the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter to a secondary base station; receiving, by the master base station, configuration information sent by the secondary base station, wherein the configuration information refers to information about an unlicensed spectrum cell that the secondary base station configures for the UE according to the received unlicensed spectrum capability parameter; and notifying, by the master base station, the UE of the unlicensed spectrum cells that are configured for the UE separately by the master base station and the secondary base station, so that the UE can perform data transmission by using the unlicensed spectrum cells configured by the master base station and the secondary base station.
The present invention relates to the field of broadband access technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for reporting an unlicensed spectrum capability.
At present, a fixed-spectrum allocation policy is used for spectrum management in most countries. A government department manages and allocates spectrums to regular authorized users, and operators acquire usage rights for a segment of spectrum by means of purchasing. Strictly limited and protected spectrums are referred to as licensed (licensed) spectrums. However, bandwidths of the licensed spectrums are extremely limited, and as users have an increasing demand on mobile broadband services, licensed spectrum resources can no longer meet this demand. However, a large quantity of unlicensed (unlicensed) spectrum resources have not been used effectively. Therefore, to use the unlicensed spectrum resources effectively to meet more demands on the mobile broadband services, applying an Long-term Evolution (LTE) device to an unlicensed spectrum has become a development trend of spectrum resource utilization by the operators. One feasible solution to unlicensed spectrum resource utilization is that an unlicensed spectrum is configured for LTE user equipment by an LTE base station device and used as an secondary cell (Scell) of the LTE user equipment, so that the LTE base station can perform data communication with the LTE user equipment by using the unlicensed spectrum.
However, when the LTE base station device directly configures an unlicensed spectrum resource for the user equipment, a case may occur in which the user equipment cannot use a spectrum resource allocated to the user equipment.
Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and an apparatus for reporting an unlicensed spectrum capability, so as to resolve a problem that, when an LTE base station device directly configures an unlicensed spectrum resource for user equipment, a case may occur in which the user equipment cannot use a spectrum resource allocated to the user equipment, thereby affecting data transmission performance of the user equipment.
To achieve the foregoing objective, the following technical solutions are adopted in the embodiments of the present invention:
According to a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides UE for reporting an unlicensed spectrum capability, where the UE includes:
a reporting module, configured to report an unlicensed spectrum capability parameter of the UE to a serving base station of the UE, where the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter is used to indicate information about an unlicensed spectrum supported by the UE, and the information includes a list of unlicensed spectrums supported by the UE and a maximum bandwidth value of each unlicensed spectrum.
With reference to the first aspect, in a first possible implementation manner, the reporting module is further configured to send the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter to the serving base station by using an uplink RRC message, send the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter to the serving base station by using a MAC layer message, or send the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter to the serving base station by using a PHY layer message.
With reference to a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation manner, the reporting module is further configured to report an unlicensed spectrum capability parameter that includes one or more of the following: a quantity of unlicensed spectrums that can be used simultaneously by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, a quantity of unlicensed spectrums and licensed spectrums that can be used simultaneously by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, a spectrum range of an unlicensed spectrum that can be used by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, a spectrum range of an unlicensed spectrum and a licensed spectrum that can be used by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, or a duplex mode that can be used by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE.
According to a second aspect, the present invention further provides a base station for reporting an unlicensed spectrum capability, including:
a receiving module, configured to receive an unlicensed spectrum capability parameter sent by the UE; and
a configuration module, configured to configure an unlicensed spectrum serving cell for the UE according to the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter.
With reference to the second aspect, in a first possible implementation manner, the configuration module further includes:
a selection unit, configured to perform one or more of the following: select, according to an unlicensed spectrum list in the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter, at least one spectrum in the unlicensed spectrum list; and/or obtain, by means of screening, an unlicensed spectrum that is in the selected unlicensed spectrum and whose bandwidth value is less than or equal to a maximum bandwidth value of an unlicensed spectrum in the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter; and/or select a proper quantity of unlicensed spectrums according to a quantity of unlicensed spectrums that can be used simultaneously by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, and according to a quantity of unlicensed spectrums and licensed spectrums that can be used simultaneously by the serving cell that can be supported by the UE, where the quantities are in the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter; and/or select an unlicensed spectrum that has a proper spectrum range according to a spectrum range of an unlicensed spectrum that can be used by the serving cell that can be supported by the UE, and according to a spectrum range of an unlicensed spectrum and a licensed spectrum that can be used by the serving cell that can be supported by the UE, where the spectrum ranges are in the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter; and/or select a proper duplex mode according to a duplex mode that can be used by the serving cell that can be supported by the UE, where the duplex mode is in the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter; and
a configuration unit, configured to determine the selected unlicensed spectrum as a secondary cell of the UE and configure the secondary cell as the unlicensed spectrum serving cell of the UE.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, in a second possible implementation manner, the base station further includes a notification module;
the receiving module is further configured to: when the UE is in a dual-connected state, receive the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter sent by the UE, where the dual-connected state refers to a state in which the UE is simultaneously served by two or more base stations; and receive configuration information sent by a secondary base station, where the configuration information refers to information about an unlicensed spectrum cell that the secondary base station configures for the UE according to the received unlicensed spectrum capability parameter;
the configuration module is further configured to configure an unlicensed spectrum cell for the UE according to the received unlicensed spectrum capability parameter; and
the notification module is configured to send the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter to the secondary base station; and notify the UE of the unlicensed spectrum cells that are configured for the UE separately by the base station and the secondary base station, so that the UE can perform data transmission by using the unlicensed spectrum cells configured by the base station and the secondary base station.
According to a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for reporting an unlicensed spectrum capability, including:
reporting, by user equipment UE, an unlicensed spectrum capability parameter to a serving base station of the UE, where the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter is used to indicate information about an unlicensed spectrum supported by the UE, and the information includes a list of unlicensed spectrums supported by the UE and a maximum bandwidth value of each unlicensed spectrum.
With reference to the third aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the reporting an unlicensed spectrum capability parameter to a serving base station of the UE includes:
sending, by the UE, the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter to the serving base station by using an uplink RRC message; or
sending, by the UE, the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter to the serving base station by using a MAC layer message; or
sending, by the UE, the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter to the serving base station by using a PHY layer message.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the third aspect, in a second possible implementation manner, the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter further includes one or more of the following: a quantity of unlicensed spectrums that can be used simultaneously by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, a quantity of unlicensed spectrums and licensed spectrums that can be used simultaneously by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, a spectrum range of an unlicensed spectrum that can be used by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, a spectrum range of an unlicensed spectrum and a licensed spectrum that can be used by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, or a duplex mode that can be used by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE.
According to a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for reporting an unlicensed spectrum capability, where the method includes:
receiving, by the base station, an unlicensed spectrum capability parameter sent by the UE, and configuring an unlicensed spectrum serving cell for the UE according to the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter.
With reference to the fourth aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the configuring, by the base station, an unlicensed spectrum serving cell for the UE according to the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter includes:
selecting, by the base station according to an unlicensed spectrum list in the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter, at least one spectrum in the unlicensed spectrum list; and/or
obtaining, by the base station by means of screening, an unlicensed spectrum that is in the selected unlicensed spectrum and whose bandwidth value is less than or equal to a maximum bandwidth value of an unlicensed spectrum in the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter; and/or
selecting, by the base station, a proper quantity of unlicensed spectrums according to a quantity of unlicensed spectrums that can be used simultaneously by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, and according to a quantity of unlicensed spectrums and licensed spectrums that can be used simultaneously by the serving cell that can be supported by the UE, where the quantities are in the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter; and/or
selecting, by the base station, an unlicensed spectrum that has a proper spectrum range according to a spectrum range of an unlicensed spectrum that can be used by the serving cell that can be supported by the UE, and according to a spectrum range of an unlicensed spectrum and a licensed spectrum that can be used by the serving cell that can be supported by the UE, where the spectrum ranges are in the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter; and/or
selecting, by the base station, a proper duplex mode according to a duplex mode that can be used by the serving cell that can be supported by the UE, where the duplex mode is in the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter; and
determining, by the base station, the selected unlicensed spectrum as a secondary cell of the UE, and configuring the secondary cell as the unlicensed spectrum serving cell of the UE.
With reference to a first possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, in a second possible implementation manner, the configuring, by the base station, an unlicensed spectrum serving cell for the UE according to the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter further includes:
receiving, by a master base station of the UE when the UE is in a dual-connected state, the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter sent by the UE, where the dual-connected state refers to a state in which the UE is simultaneously served by two or more base stations;
configuring, by the master base station, an unlicensed spectrum cell for the UE according to the received unlicensed spectrum capability parameter, and sending the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter to a secondary base station;
receiving, by the master base station, configuration information sent by the secondary base station, where the configuration information refers to information about an unlicensed spectrum cell that the secondary base station configures for the UE according to the received unlicensed spectrum capability parameter; and
notifying, by the master base station, the UE of the unlicensed spectrum cells that are configured for the UE separately by the master base station and the secondary base station, so that the UE can perform data transmission by using the unlicensed spectrum cells configured by the master base station and the secondary base station.
In the method for reporting an unlicensed spectrum capability provided in the embodiments of the present invention, UE reports a list of unlicensed spectrums that can be supported by the UE and a maximum bandwidth value of each unlicensed spectrum to a serving base station of the UE, so that the serving base station of the UE can configure an unlicensed spectrum resource for the UE according to a received unlicensed spectrum capability parameter. Therefore, a base station can configure an unlicensed spectrum resource according to unlicensed spectrum capabilities that can be supported by different UEs, which avoids that the base station directly configures an unlicensed spectrum resource for user equipment, and resolves a problem that, when an LTE base station device directly configures an unlicensed spectrum resource for the user equipment, a case may occur in which the user equipment cannot use a spectrum resource allocated to the user equipment, thereby affecting data transmission performance of the user equipment.
To describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly describes the accompanying drawings required for describing the embodiments. Apparently, the accompanying drawings in the following description show merely some embodiments of the present invention, and a person of ordinary skill in the art may still derive other drawings from these accompanying drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic apparatus diagram of UE for reporting an unlicensed spectrum capability according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic apparatus diagram of a base station for reporting an unlicensed spectrum capability according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for reporting an unlicensed spectrum capability according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method for configuring an unlicensed spectrum according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of another method for configuring an unlicensed spectrum according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The following clearly describes the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are merely some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention provides user equipment (UE) for reporting an unlicensed spectrum capability. As shown in FIG. 1, the UE is configured to implement a method process shown in FIG. 4, where the UE includes:
a reporting module 11, configured to report an unlicensed spectrum capability parameter of the UE to a serving base station of the UE, where the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter is used to indicate information about an unlicensed spectrum supported by the UE, and the information includes a list of unlicensed spectrums supported by the UE and a maximum bandwidth value of each unlicensed spectrum.
In addition, the reporting module 11 is further configured to: send the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter to the serving base station by using an uplink RRC message; or send the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter to the serving base station by using a media access control (MAC) layer message; or send the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter to the serving base station by using a PHY layer message.
In addition, the reporting module 11 is further configured to report the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter that includes one or more of the following: a quantity of unlicensed spectrums that can be used simultaneously by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, a quantity of unlicensed spectrums and licensed spectrums that can be used simultaneously by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, a spectrum range of an unlicensed spectrum that can be used by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, a spectrum range of an unlicensed spectrum and a licensed spectrum that can be used by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, or a duplex mode that can be used by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a base station for reporting an unlicensed spectrum capability. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the base station is configured to implement a method process shown in FIG. 5 or FIG. 6, where the base station includes:
a receiving module 21, configured to receive an unlicensed spectrum capability parameter sent by UE; and
a configuration module 22, configured to configure an unlicensed spectrum serving cell for the UE according to the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter.
In addition, the configuration module 22 further includes:
a selection unit 23, configured to perform one or more of the following: select, according to an unlicensed spectrum list in the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter, at least one spectrum in the unlicensed spectrum list; obtain, by means of screening, an unlicensed spectrum that is in the selected unlicensed spectrum and whose bandwidth value is less than or equal to a maximum bandwidth value of an unlicensed spectrum in the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter; select a proper quantity of unlicensed spectrums according to a quantity of unlicensed spectrums that can be used simultaneously by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, and according to a quantity of unlicensed spectrums and licensed spectrums that can be used simultaneously by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, where the quantities are in the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter; select an unlicensed spectrum that has a proper spectrum range according to a spectrum range of an unlicensed spectrum that can be used by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, and according to a spectrum range of an unlicensed spectrum and a licensed spectrum that can be used by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, where the spectrum ranges are in the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter; or select a proper duplex mode according to a duplex mode that can be used by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, where the duplex mode is in the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter; and
a configuration unit 24, configured to determine the selected unlicensed spectrum as a secondary cell of the UE and configure the secondary cell as the unlicensed spectrum serving cell of the UE.
In addition, the base station further includes a notification module 25;
the receiving module 21 is further configured to: receive the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter sent by the UE when the UE is in a dual-connected state, where the dual-connected state refers to a state in which the UE is simultaneously served by two or more base stations; and receive configuration information sent by the secondary base station, where the configuration information refers to information about an unlicensed spectrum cell that the secondary base station configures for the UE according to received unlicensed spectrum capability parameter;
the configuration module 22 is further configured to configure an unlicensed spectrum cell for the UE according to the received unlicensed spectrum capability parameter; and
the notification module 25 is configured to send the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter to the secondary base station; and notify the UE of the unlicensed spectrum cells that are configured for the UE separately by the master base station and the secondary base station, so that the UE can perform data transmission by using the unlicensed spectrum cells configured by the master base station and the secondary base station.
According to the apparatus for reporting an unlicensed spectrum capability provided in this embodiment of the present invention, UE reports a list, of unlicensed spectrums that can be supported by the UE and a maximum bandwidth value of each unlicensed spectrum to a serving base station of the UE; by using this method, the serving base station of the UE can configure an unlicensed spectrum resource for the UE according to a received unlicensed spectrum capability parameter. Therefore, a base station can configure an unlicensed spectrum resource according to unlicensed spectrum capabilities that can be supported by different UEs, which avoids that the base station directly configures an unlicensed spectrum resource for user equipment, and resolves a problem that, when an LTE base station device directly configures an unlicensed spectrum resource for the user equipment, a case may occur in which the user equipment cannot use a spectrum resource allocated to the user equipment, thereby affecting data transmission performance of the user equipment.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for reporting an unlicensed spectrum capability. An interaction process of the method is shown in FIG. 4, specifically including:
401. UE reports an unlicensed spectrum capability parameter to a serving base station of the UE.
The unlicensed spectrum capability parameter is used to indicate information about an unlicensed spectrum supported by the UE, where the information includes a list of unlicensed spectrums supported by the UE and a maximum bandwidth value of each unlicensed spectrum.
The UE sends the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter to the serving base station by using an uplink RRC message; or sends the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter to the serving base station by using a MAC layer message; or sends the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter to the serving base station by using a PHY layer message.
In addition, the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter of the UE further includes a quantity of unlicensed spectrums that can be used simultaneously used by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, a quantity of unlicensed spectrums and licensed spectrums that can be used simultaneously by the serving cell that can be supported by the UE, a spectrum range of an unlicensed spectrum that can be used by the serving cell that can be supported by the UE, a spectrum range of an unlicensed spectrum and a licensed spectrum that can be used by the serving cell that can be supported by the UE, and a duplex mode that can be used by the serving cell that can be supported by the UE.
In addition, a manner in which the UE reports the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter may be that the UE directly reports the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter to the serving base station; or may be that the UE first reports its unlicensed spectrum capability to a core network, and then the core network notifies the serving base station of the unlicensed spectrum capability; or may be that the serving base station actively queries an unlicensed spectrum capability of the UE, and after receiving a corresponding query message, the UE reports the unlicensed spectrum capability of the UE to the serving base station. In addition, when the UE is handed over from a current serving base station to a new serving base station, the source serving base station may directly notify the new serving base station of an unlicensed spectrum capability, of the UE, obtained by the source serving base station.
In the method for reporting an unlicensed spectrum capability provided in this embodiment of the present invention, UE reports a list of unlicensed spectrums that can be supported by the UE and a maximum bandwidth value of each unlicensed spectrum to a serving base station of the UE, so that the serving base station of the UE can configure an unlicensed spectrum resource for the UE according to a received unlicensed spectrum capability parameter. Therefore, a base station can configure an unlicensed spectrum resource according to unlicensed spectrum capabilities that can be supported by different UEs, which avoids that the base station directly configures an unlicensed spectrum resource for user equipment, and resolves a problem that, when an LTE base station device directly configures an unlicensed spectrum resource for the user equipment, a case may occur in which the user equipment cannot use a spectrum resource allocated to the user equipment, thereby affecting data transmission performance of the user equipment.
Further, in an implementation manner of an embodiment of the present invention, a method for configuring an unlicensed spectrum serving cell for UE by a base station according to an unlicensed spectrum capability parameter is provided. A method process of the method is shown in FIG. 5, including:
501. According to an unlicensed spectrum list in the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter, the base station selects at least one spectrum in the unlicensed spectrum list.
All unlicensed spectrums of the UE may be determined by a factor, such as use permission of the UE, and an unlicensed spectrum in a coverage area of a serving base station of the UE.
502. The base station sets a bandwidth value of the selected unlicensed spectrum to be less than or equal to a maximum bandwidth value of an unlicensed spectrum in the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter.
A spectrum bandwidth that can be supported by the UE is limited. When an excessive spectrum bandwidth is configured for the UE, the UE cannot fully use a data transmission rate that can be reached with respect to the spectrum bandwidth allocated to the UE, to receive data, which causes a bandwidth waste. Therefore, a bandwidth value of an unlicensed spectrum obtained by means of screening may be set to a value less than or equal to a maximum bandwidth value of an unlicensed spectrum that can be supported by the UE.
503. The base station selects a proper quantity of unlicensed spectrums according to a quantity of unlicensed spectrums that can be used simultaneously by a serving cell that can be supported by the UE, and according to a quantity of unlicensed spectrums and licensed spectrums that can be used simultaneously by the serving cell that can be supported by the UE, where the quantities are in the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter.
The proper quantity of unlicensed spectrums is less than or equal to the quantity of unlicensed spectrums that can be used simultaneously and the quantity of unlicensed spectrums and licensed spectrums that can be used simultaneously.
The UE may support multiple unlicensed spectrums and multiple licensed spectrums, and the multiple unlicensed spectrums may be used simultaneously by a serving cell of the UE. Certainly, in view of a limitation of performance of different UEs, quantities of spectrums that the UEs allow their serving cells to use simultaneously are different from each other. Therefore, the base station may be notified of quantities of unlicensed spectrums and licensed spectrums that can be used simultaneously by the serving cells that can be supported by the UEs, so that the base station can configure proper spectrum quantities according to support conditions of different UEs.
504. The base station selects an unlicensed spectrum that has a proper spectrum range according to a spectrum range of an unlicensed spectrum that can be used by the serving cell that can be supported by the UE, and according to a spectrum range of an unlicensed spectrum and a licensed spectrum that can be used by the serving cell that can be supported by the UE, where the spectrum ranges are in the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter.
Spectrum ranges of unlicensed spectrums that can be supported by different UEs are different, and ranges of unlicensed spectrums and licensed spectrums that can be supported by different UEs are also different. Therefore, if there is an excessively wide span between spectrums configured for the UE, the UE may not be able to normally use the configured spectrums. Therefore, when configuring an unlicensed spectrum cell for the UE, the base station needs to select an unlicensed spectrum within a specific frequency band range.
505. The base station selects a proper duplex mode according to a duplex mode that can be used by the serving cell that can be supported by the UE, where the duplex mode is in the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter.
An unlicensed spectrum serving cell supported by the UE may have multiple duplex modes, including one or more of TDD, FDD, FDD DL, FDD UL and half duplex FDD, where the TDD may also include a TDD uplink-downlink configuration that can be supported by the UE, where the TDD uplink-downlink configuration may be one or more of seven existing configurations, or may be a new uplink-downlink configuration. This embodiment of the present invention sets no more limitation thereto.
506. The base station determines the selected unlicensed spectrum as a secondary cell of the UE, and configures the secondary cell as an unlicensed spectrum serving cell of the UE.
A serving cell configured with the unlicensed spectrum is only used as the secondary cell of the UE, rather than a primary cell of the UE.
In addition, it should be noted that, in this embodiment of the present invention, a sequence of each step in a method process is not a practical processing sequence, and is only a possible processing sequence in a method implementation process. For a specific sequence of a processing step, sorting according to a practical situation.
It should be particularly noted that, the process step of this embodiment of the present invention is only an implementable manner of a solution of the present invention, where a sequence of steps may be rearranged according to a practical situation. This embodiment of the present invention sets no more limitation thereto.
In this implementation manner, screening is performed, on all unlicensed spectrums that can be used by UE, according to each parameter in an unlicensed spectrum capability parameter reported by the UE, finally an unlicensed spectrum obtained by means of screening is determined as a secondary cell of the UE, and the secondary cell is configured as an unlicensed spectrum serving cell of the UE This manner further illustrates a method about how a base station performs configuration after receiving an unlicensed spectrum capability parameter, so that the base station can better configure a proper unlicensed spectrum cell for the UE by using a parameter reported by the UE.
Further, in another implementation manner of an embodiment of the present invention, another method for configuring an unlicensed spectrum cell for UE by a base station is provided. The method is shown in FIG. 6, specifically including:
601. When the UE is in a dual-connected state, a master base station of the UE receives an unlicensed spectrum capability parameter sent by the UE.
The dual-connected state refers to a state in which the UE is simultaneously served by two or more base stations. A method for reporting the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter by the UE may use a reporting method adopted when a single base station provides a service.
602. The master base station configures an unlicensed spectrum cell for the UE according to the received unlicensed spectrum capability parameter, and sends the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter to a secondary base station.
A method for configuring the unlicensed spectrum cell for the UE may use the method in steps 501 to 506.
603. The master base station receives configuration information sent by the secondary base station.
The configuration information refers to information about an unlicensed spectrum cell that the secondary base station configures for the UE according to the received unlicensed spectrum capability parameter. In addition, a method for configuring the unlicensed spectrum cell for the UE may also use the method in steps 501 to 506.
604. The master base station notifies the UE of the unlicensed spectrum cells that are configured for the UE separately by the master base station and the secondary base station, so that the UE can perform data transmission by using the unlicensed spectrum cells configured by the master base station and the secondary base station.
A method for notifying, by the master base station, the UE of the unlicensed spectrum cells that are configured for the UE by the master base station and the secondary base station may be executed in a universal packet sending manner, or in a manner of replying to request information. This embodiment of the present invention sets no more limitation thereto.
In this implementation manner, when UE is in a dual-connected state, a master base station receives an unlicensed spectrum capability parameter sent by the UE and performs configuration, then the master base station sends the received unlicensed spectrum capability parameter to a secondary base station, the secondary base station can perform configuration according to the unlicensed spectrum capability parameter and send related configuration information to the master base station, and the master base station notifies the UE of information about configuration performed for the UE by the master base station and the secondary base station configures information. In this method, configuration for the UE in the dual-connected state is completed, so that the UE can perform data transmission according to a configured unlicensed spectrum cell, and a method in another case is provided for configuration of the UE, thereby improving implementability for configuring the unlicensed spectrum cell for the UE.
Based on the foregoing descriptions of the implementation manners, a person skilled in the art may clearly understand that the present invention may be implemented by software in addition to necessary universal hardware or by hardware only. In most circumstances, the former is a preferred implementation manner. Based on such an understanding, the technical solutions of the present invention essentially or the part contributing to the prior art may be implemented in a form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a readable storage medium, such as a floppy disk, a hard disk or an optical disc of a computer, and includes several instructions for instructing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, or the like) to perform the methods described in the embodiments of the present invention.
The foregoing descriptions are merely specific implementation manners of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any variation or replacement readily figured out by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Previous Patent US 10,264,488 | Next Patent US 10,264,490


text:
Chris Byrne (C N Byrne)
Joined 3 years ago from Holyhead, Isle of Anglesey, North Wales UK
Contact Chris Byrne
Born in the deep south of Ireland in the late 40's; emigrated to the dark North of England in the early 50's; emigrated again to Australia in the late 50's; returned to England in the early 60's; emigrated to South Africa in the early 70's; returned to Wales in the mid 80's (also had a one year stint in the Gulf in the late 60's) and yes, I do get dizzy.
I am now retired and hitting my three score and ten later this year (2018); I have been an apprentice Monk, a Medic in the Air Force; a furnace bricklayer; a Maintenance Fitter; a Taxi Driver; a milkman; a Sign-writer; a factory worker and finally a manager.
Married to the same woman for 51 yrs. with 2 kids and live in Wales. Have just signed up with University of Creative Arts (UK) for a BA(Hons) in creative writing and hope to graduate before the tall man with the scythe comes calling.
I will not go quietly into the night but will rage against the dark (I've got a very powerful torch!)
An Obituary for a Dream
Heartbreak on the Highway
letterpile.com

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
'Daily Show' Correspondent Talks Jussie Smollett Attack: 'I'm Disappointed'
Jaboukie Young-White began vying to play the 'Empire' actor on a Lifetime movie: "You couldn't have written a crazier plot."
Katie Kilkenny
Music Supervisors Speak Out on New Unionization Effort: 'We're Just Asking for Fairness'
Spotify's Parcast Union Members Vote Unanimously to Ratify First Contract
Parcast Union Reaches Tentative Deal With Spotify, Management on First Contract
Jussie Smollett attends the Essence 11th Annual Black Women In Hollywood Awards Gala at the Beverly Wilshire Four Seasons Hotel on March 1, 2018 in Beverly Hills, Calif. Phillip Faraone/Getty Images
Following reports that Chicago police are investigating to see if Jussie Smollett helped stage his own alleged assault in January, Daily Show culture correspondent Jaboukie Young-White said he was "disappointed" in the Empire actor.
After Noah noted that police seized several items involved in the attack from the home of two former suspects, one of whom was Smollett's trainer on a music video, and that policemen are now investigating whether Smollett was involved, Young-White told the audience, "I'm not surprised but I'm disappointed."
JoJo Siwa Looks Back on Publicly Coming Out One Year Later: 'I've Felt More Love Than Ever'
He added, "This story has been weird for me, Trevor. As a gay person, I'm used to speaking on gay issues. As a black person, I'm used to speaking on black issues. But I'm not used to them intersecting, except for when someone's like, 'As a gay black person, do you think I could pull off these shoes?'"
He joked that he belonged to a third community "devastated" by the turn in reports on the attack: the actor community. He added that he looks like Smollett, which Noah pushed back against. "To white people I do," Young-White said. "And hopefully, to anyone who's casting the Jussie Smollett Lifetime movie."
Young-White added that the plot to the alleged attack was Lifetime-like, given that it hinged on Trump supporters who watch Empire and a death threat made out of magazine clippings. "That's so dated, you know? Everyone knows if you're sending a death threat, you send that shit on Twitter," Young-White joked.
On Tuesday, Chicago police confirmed to The Hollywood Reporter that they were investigating a tip that Smollett had been seen with the two former suspects hours before the alleged assault. Later that day Chicago PD chief communications officer Anthony Guglielmi said the tip was "unfounded," tweeting: "CPD has confirmed that a tip this morning about a sighting at the residential towers of individuals involved in this alleged incident is unfounded as it was not supported by video evidence obtained by detectives."
This article originally appeared in THR.com.
bbbnews


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text:
Q: Getting null value for address using geocoder class in android I am getting null value for address and throwing exception for it,
I am using geocoder class for getting address
so please help me
my code is:-
String cityName = null;
String locType = null;
Geocoder gcd = new Geocoder(LocationActivity.this,
    Locale.getDefault());
List<Address> addresses;
try {

    addresses = gcd.getFromLocation(loc.getLatitude(),
    loc.getLongitude(), 1);
    Log.d("address", addresses.toString());
    if (addresses.size() > 0)
        System.out.println(addresses.get(0).getLocality());
    cityName = addresses.get(0).getLocality();
    locType = addresses.get(0).getAddressLine(0);
    String s = longitude + "\n" + latitude
                + "\n\nMy Current City name:" + cityName
                + "\n\nMy address:" + locType;

    editLocation.setText(s);

} catch (IOException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
    String s = longitude + "\n" + latitude
            + "\n\nMy Current City name:" + cityName
            + "\n\nMy address:" + locType;

    editLocation.setText(s);

}

and exception is

02-06 11:09:50.641: W/GpsLocationProvider(59): Duplicate add listener for uid 10036
02-06 11:09:50.771: W/System.err(480): java.io.IOException: Service not Available
02-06 11:09:50.781: W/System.err(480):  at android.location.Geocoder.getFromLocation(Geocoder.java:117)
02-06 11:09:50.781: W/System.err(480):  at com.example.getcurrentlocation.LocationActivity$MyLocationListener.onLocationChanged(LocationActivity.java:149)
02-06 11:09:50.781: W/System.err(480):  at android.location.LocationManager$ListenerTransport._handleMessage(LocationManager.java:191)
02-06 11:09:50.781: W/System.err(480):  at android.location.LocationManager$ListenerTransport.access$000(LocationManager.java:124)
02-06 11:09:50.781: W/System.err(480):  at android.location.LocationManager$ListenerTransport$1.handleMessage(LocationManager.java:140)
02-06 11:09:50.781: W/System.err(480):  at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
02-06 11:09:50.781: W/System.err(480):  at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123)
02-06 11:09:50.781: W/System.err(480):  at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4627)
02-06 11:09:50.781: W/System.err(480):  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
02-06 11:09:50.791: W/System.err(480):  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:521)
02-06 11:09:50.791: W/System.err(480):  at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:868)
02-06 11:09:50.791: W/System.err(480):  at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:626)
02-06 11:09:50.791: W/System.err(480):  at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
02-06 11:10:29.471: W/System.err(480): java.io.IOException: Service not Available
02-06 11:10:29.471: W/System.err(480):  at android.location.Geocoder.getFromLocation(Geocoder.java:117)
02-06 11:10:29.471: W/System.err(480):  at com.example.getcurrentlocation.LocationActivity$MyLocationListener.onLocationChanged(LocationActivity.java:149)
02-06 11:10:29.481: W/System.err(480):  at android.location.LocationManager$ListenerTransport._handleMessage(LocationManager.java:191)
02-06 11:10:29.481: W/System.err(480):  at android.location.LocationManager$ListenerTransport.access$000(LocationManager.java:124)
02-06 11:10:29.481: W/System.err(480):  at android.location.LocationManager$ListenerTransport$1.handleMessage(LocationManager.java:140)
02-06 11:10:29.481: W/System.err(480):  at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
02-06 11:10:29.481: W/System.err(480):  at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123)
02-06 11:10:29.481: W/System.err(480):  at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4627)
02-06 11:10:29.481: W/System.err(480):  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
02-06 11:10:29.481: W/System.err(480):  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:521)
02-06 11:10:29.481: W/System.err(480):  at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:868)
02-06 11:10:29.491: W/System.err(480):  at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:626)
02-06 11:10:29.491: W/System.err(480):  at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)

A: It happens occassionally. There is a problem in Geocoder class from google. Better use https://developers.google.com/maps/documentation/geocoding/#ReverseGeocoding
you can send cordinate values to this url and retrieve places.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


 Annual Parish Meeting - 29th April 2019 at 7.30p.m.
AGM followed by Parish Council meeting -13th May 2019 at 7.30p.m.
Parish Council meeting - 8th July 2019 at 7.30p.m.
Thanks to Littlethorpe Parish Council, a stone plaque has been placed on the outer wall of the village pinfold explaining the significance of the boundary stone which was placed inside the pinfold in 2018.
Our parish councillors have been busy planting 250 bluebell bulbs (provided by HBC), at the entrance to the village on Littlethorpe Lane, with help from David Duthie (Parish Clerk) and Dave Laugher. After planting the bluebells, Jackie and Dave Laugher also planted dwarf daffodils by 'Jack's Bench'. Thank you to Chris Winterburn and David Duthie for the photos.
Ripon City Quarry, which has been operated for a number of years by Aggregate Industries Limited (AIL) has come to the end of its working life. At some point during the years of extraction of gravel, AIL unearthed a large stone which had carved on one side the letter 'T' and on the other the letter 'G'. A local archaeologist was asked to have a look at it and he was of the opinion that the stone was a boundary stone marking the boundary of Thorpe and Givendale parishes (or townships). The quarry does border the two parish boundaries so this was a plausible explanation. The name 'Thorpe' as a parish or township hasn't existed for maybe 300 years and is now known as Littlethorpe.
The stone was put in storage but recently, as the quarry has come to the end of its natural life, when AIL has been clearing out its stores prior to demolishing its buildings, the stone has been 'unearthed' for a second time. AIL has kindly given the stone to Littlethorpe Parish and it has been placed in the Pinfold.
The photograph shows Adam Mathwig (Quarry Operations Manager for Aggregate Industries) in the middle, with his assistant Dave on his right, and Gerry Spoors, Chairman of Littlethorpe Parish Council, with the stone in the pinfold.
David Duthie sent this photo of The Triangle showing the results of the Parish Council's hard work planting snowdrop bulbs last year.
Members of the parish council, along with the clerk, gathered at 'The Triangle', Little Crossing to plant snowdrop bulbs which had been supplied by Harrogate Borough Council. The bulbs were planted in 'The Triangle' and around 'Jack's Bench'.
Parish Councillors and villagers welcomed Adam Mathwig (Quarry Manager for Aggregate Industries) who officially opened the refurbished Triangle and Jack's bench. Gerry Spoors, the newly appointed Chair of the parish council, had installed the new plaque for the occasion and also provided bubbly for a toast.
As many local residents can testify, Littlethorpe is marked by many narrow lanes and sharp bends and car drivers frequently encounter large vehicles on these roads. Apart from causing obstruction to motorists, roadside verges are frequently ploughed-up by such vehicles. The vehicles are generally of two types – lorries and school buses.
Lorries: Concerned by the number of lorries using narrow lanes, the Parish Council approached both North Yorkshire County Council Trading Standards and North Yorkshire Police on this issue. Both have the power to enforce weight limits (which are posted on roads leading into Littlethorpe) – but not the responsibility so they can choose what to do within their resources. NYCC Trading Standards view is that enforcement of weight limits in Littlethorpe is impractical due to the nature, size of the area and the multiple entrances and exits. The matter can, however, be taken up by residents directly with the companies concerned provided that details of the vehicle, the time of day and particular company concerned can be established.
School buses: These are operated by contractors for NYCC and they have been advised by the County Council not to undertake any reversing manoeuvres when children are on board unless it is absolutely necessary. The safety of the schoolchildren is the paramount concern. If reversing is unavoidable then the driver has to obtain assistance with guiding the vehicle backwards where possible. Any such reversing manoeuvre will only be attempted provided that the bus driver is satisfied that it is safe to do so. In general, children are not allowed to disembark the bus unless it is at an allocated drop off or collection stop. The only time that children would otherwise be allowed to disembark would be if there was an emergency and it was absolutely necessary for them to do so.
Cyclists: There will naturally be an increase in bicycle traffic therefore drivers should be aware of the increasing frequency of bicycles and also the number of groups of cyclists using more of the road. We want all road users and pedestrians to be safe on our roads.
Harrogate Borough Council have now produced their draft District Local Plan.
Therefore, on this site alone there would ultimately be a further 430 properties.
· Field: The land is owned by the Hield Trust and has been for over 20 years. After several historical complaints about the maintenance of it (damage to fences, overgrown, etc) the Trust recently decided to improve it and have now let the field to a village resident to keep horses in. At no time has there been an established right of way across this land, despite it being used informally by dog walkers for some years, without the Trust's knowledge. Around 2010 the Trust sought and obtained a Section 31 Statutory Declaration to prevent the creation of a public right of way across this land. With this Section 31 designation in place the land cannot be used to establish a new right of way. Existing local rights of way include the footpath from Orchard Lane to Littlethorpe Lane and Mankin Lane, the latter being a public bridleway.
· Railway Line: Public rights of way do not include dismantled railway lines. North Yorkshire County Council's maps of rights of way in this area quite specifically do not include the railway track. While NYCC seeks to preserve the route, given the possibility of reinstatement of the line from Harrogate to Ripon and Northallerton (something unlikely to happen in most people's lifetime), the land itself belongs to local landowners and therefore anyone accessing it without permission is trespassing."
The Parish Council is aware that many residents are concerned with the speed of vehicles driving through Littlethorpe, where the speed limit is mostly 30 mph. North Yorkshire County Council and North Yorkshire Police share such concerns and the aim is to avoid and reduce casualties and to improve the safety and quality of life of local residents.
There is in place a Speed Management Protocol which shows how complaints about speeding, either by individuals or local authorities, are assessed and responded to. There is a single point of contact for the public – the North Yorkshire Police Traffic Bureau (NYPTB). Before a complaint regarding speeding can be taken forward, a Speed Concern Report form needs to be completed and sent to the NYPTB. The form can be downloaded at www.roadwise.co.uk/using-the-road/speed-concerns and should be sent by email to [email protected] or by post to North Yorkshire Police Traffic Bureau, PO Box 809, YORK, YO31 6DG.
60 mph limit – Action considered at 68 mph.


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FLORIDA ASSISTED LIVING ASSOCIATION
CONFERENCE AND TRADE SHOW AUGUST 14-17
Attendees have the opportunity to sample products and
receive special trade show discounts in booth #401
ORLANDO, Fla. – July 11, 2017 – Protein Plus, LLC, a leading producer of peanut and peanut-based products for the food and confectionary industries, is pleased to announce that it will exhibit at the Florida Assisted Living Association (FALA) conference and tradeshow, August 14-17 at the Walt Disney World Dolphin Hotel. Attendees are encouraged to stop by booth #401 to see the complete line of Protein Plus products including roasted peanut flour, peanut oil, and the recently introduced Protein Energy Power®, a great tasting, peanut protein powder drink.
"We are excited to exhibit at the FALA conference and trade show where we will be showcasing our complete line of products," said Allen Conger Jr., President of Protein Plus, LLC. "Peanuts are high in protein, rich in vitamins and minerals, and are naturally cholesterol free. They add a nutritional boost as well as great flavor when used as an ingredient in cooking or baking, mixed or sprinkled on prepared foods, or consumed as a protein drink. We believe assisted living facility managers and residents alike will enjoy the nutritional benefits and great taste our products provide."
Protein Energy Power contains 17 grams of protein per serving, is high in fiber, low in sodium, and cholesterol free. It also contains 25 essential vitamins and minerals, as well as a probiotic blend to aid with digestion. It is genetically modified organism (GMO) free and contains no artificial colors, no artificial flavors, and no artificial sweeteners. Protein Energy Power can be mixed in eight ounces of water or milk for a great tasting snack or meal replacement. Protein Energy Power comes in four flavors including original, chocolate, honey and banana, and is currently available in 1.81/1.85 pound containers offering 20 servings, or 1.44/1.48 ounce single serve packets.
The Florida Assisted Living Association (FALA) is the largest network of assisted living providers in Florida, currently serving more than 500 Assisted Living Facilities (ALFs) and Adult Family Care Homes (AFCHs). FALA is a strong, unified, professional organization representing the owners and operators of assisted living communities. Attendees at the FALA Annual Conference and Tradeshow will have an opportunity to network with over 100 vendors. For more information about FALA, go to www.falausa.com.
Headquartered in Fitzgerald, Georgia, Protein Plus, LLC is a producer of top quality peanut flour, peanut butter powder, Protein Energy Power®, and premium roasted aromatic peanut oil for the food and confectionary industries. Be sure to follow Protein Plus on Facebook® at www.Facebook.com/proteinplusllc, or Twitter at www.twitter.com/proteinplusllc for product information, recipes, and giveaways. More information about Protein Plus can be found at www.proteinplusflour.com or by calling (229)423-5528.
Protein Energy Power is a registered trademark of Protein Plus, LLC. All other trademarks or registered trademarks are properties of their respective companies.
Media Contacts: David Gutierrez, Dresner Corporate Services, (312)780-7204,


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New-York Historical Society librarians reveal fascinating stories from the past through exceptional items in the library's collection.
New Finding Aids, 4th Quarter 2019
This post is one in a quarterly series in which the New-York Historical Society highlights the collections for which detailed finding aids were published over the prior three months. All collections receive at least a summary description in our catalog, Bobcat. But many collections have such depth or are simply so large or complex that…
Exploring a life lost to history: Industrialist Irving Olds
Hello, I'm Alec Ferretti, and I recently interned with the Archival Processing Unit at the New-York Historical Society. I'm a professional genealogist by day and a grad student at NYU in their Archives program by night. I set aside every Monday of the spring semester to work on processing collections here in the N-YHS manuscripts division. On…
New Finding Aids, 2nd Quarter 2019
This post is the second in a new quarterly series in which the New-York Historical Society highlights the collections for which detailed finding aids were published over the prior three months. All collections receive at least a summary description in our catalog, Bobcat. But many collections have such depth or are simply so large or…
Rare photographs of Hart Island, New York's potter's field
Update on April 14, 2020: Hart Island is back in the news for the most tragic of reasons: It's currently being used as a burial ground for victims of the COVID-19 pandemic. In the time since this post was first published, control of Hart Island was transferred to New York City's Department of Parks and burials are no…
New Finding Aids, 1st quarter, 2019
With this post, the New-York Historical Society Library introduces a new quarterly feature in which we will highlight the collections for which detailed finding aids were published over the prior three months. All collections receive at least a summary description in our catalog, BobCat. But many collections have such depth or are simply so large…
Treasure Trove: Constructing the Central Park Reservoir
A series of remarkable photographs from the library's Geographic File (PR20) documents the construction of the Central Park Reservoir, located between 86th and 96th streets. Built between 1858 and 1862, the 106-acre reservoir is 40 feet deep and holds over a billion gallons of water. Once a critical part of the city's fresh water system, it received water from the Croton…
Irving Browning's Point of View
Born in New York City in 1895, Irving Browning began his professional life as a silent film actor and comedian, but he was most prolific as a photographer and, later, a cinematographer and filmmaker. Browning opened his commercial photo studio in the early 1920s, enlisting his younger brother Sam as an employee. Clients of the Irving Browning Studio…
Remembering Pearl Harbor
December 7th is National Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day, honoring those killed when Japanese forces launched a surprise attack on the American naval base at Pearl Harbor in Honolulu, Hawaii on December 7, 1941. This led to the United States' entry into World War II. These images from our World War II Photograph Collection (PR76), taken by U.S. Navy photographers, capture the aftermath of the bombing. (All captions taken…
When an assignment becomes evidence: Peter Stackpole, Errol Flynn, and LIFE
This post is by Melanie Rinehart, Assistant Archivist, Time Inc. Archive. LIFE Magazine was launched on November 23, 1936, for readers "to see life; to see the world; to eyewitness great events." The subject matter focused on both political and cultural events, and while the photographers captured iconic or scandalous photographs, it was rare that they…
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Q: We all know that hadoop 3.x MapReduce needs HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME in the mapred-site.xml, why does haoop 2.x not need HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME? Why? In other words, where are the changes to HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME in hadoop 3.x?
I could not find it myself!

A: Hadoop 3 refactored the environment variables.
Hadoop 2 still had the variable, by the way, but it may have had a reasonable default


Dakota flat irons are a perfect steak to cook with an indirect, slow-grilling method. This cut has a fair amount of marbling and comes from the chuck. Serve sliced.
Dakota ribeye steaks are the ultimate in marbling and flavor. Salt, pepper and a quick sear on the grill and you're done!
Some say it's the "beefiest" of all cuts. Our grass fed sirloin steaks are wonderful at medium rare off a hot grill. Try serving them sliced with garlic butter and roasted potatoes!
An increasingly popular cut, known for flavor and texture. A great option for fajitas or carne asada tacos!
Our strip steaks have a robust flavor with exceptional tenderness. And they require minimal seasoning or preparation. Recommended for high heat grilling!
Whether it's called a tenderloin or filet mignon, you know it as the tenderest cut of beef. Our grass fed filet goes great with reduction sauces and your favorite bottle of vino.


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Chargers Week 2 Preview: A White Hot Sunday vs Jaguars
San Diego Chargers (0-1) vs Jacksonville Jaguars (0-1)
1:00 PM Sunday September 18, 2016 Qualcomm Stadium
The San Diego Chargers are fresh off a demoralizing loss at the hands of the Kansas City Chiefs in which the Bolts had the game firmly in their grasp, but failed in the end. Talk of Coach McCoy and his stale play calling in the second half dominated the local headlines as the Chargers once again gave away a game in the fourth quarter.
It is time to move on, however. The game of football is about having a short memory and focusing on the task at hand. The team must regroup after the loss of Keenan Allen to a knee injury and they must focus their attention on a common goal. It is the coaches job to grasp this concept and implement it to a team that is in disarray. If Coach McCoy wants to keep his job with the team, his players must show more emotion on the field and get the job done.
This week the Chargers take on the Jacksonville Jaguars whom they have had success against in recent memory. It is the Chargers annual "White Hot Sunday" in which the fans are encouraged to wear nothing but white as a sign of unity to the team. Ironic coming from a franchise that has been nothing but disloyal to the community of San Diego for quite some time. Never the less Chargers fans will be out in full force and this will be one of the few home games that truly feels like that. Division games are another story these days, in particular when the Broncos come to town.
Chargers on offense
Tyrell Williams
With the loss of Keenan Allen someone needs to step up and this man is the likely one to do it. He has shown flashes of brilliance in his short time with the team and now it will be up to him to fine tune his craft. Philip Rivers needs to have confidence in this young man so I expect him to be force-fed the ball a lot. The best way for him to gain much-needed experience is by being thrown into the fire. Hopefully the young man can respond positively.
Travis Benjamin
Another one who should benefit from the loss of Allen, is Benjamin. The speedy wideout was unable to get into much open space last week against the Chiefs. He was contained on almost all the plays intended for him. Expect the Chargers to try to get him the ball downfield to stretch the defense out a bit. Also look for Benjamin to have a positive factor on special teams where he could be the difference maker on a kick or punt return.
Melvin Gordon
What can be said about this young man who has been stated. He looks like a much different runner now. Perhaps the time with Adrian Peterson in the offseason helped him understand the game better. He is hitting the hole with authority now and at the same time has shown incredible patience while waiting for things to develop in front of him. He should have another big game against a Jaguars unit that has typically struggled stopping the run.
Chargers on defense
Contain the Jags aerial attack
The Jaguars have some very potent weapons for Blake Bortles to utilize. Allen Robinson is one of the best young receivers in the game and Allen Hurns is a nice complement to him. The Jags also have Julius Thomas and Marcedes Lewis as their tight ends. Both are a handful to contain off the line. Look for the Chargers linebackers and safeties to be very busy on Sunday covering tight ends and running backs out of the backfield.
Pressure Bortles
If the Chargers want a chance in this game they must get some pressure on the young QB. He has a very young line that gave up three sacks last week to the Packers. The Chargers will probably feature a few exotic blitz packages as they look to throw a couple of new looks at Bortles. Melvin Ingram and Jeremiah Attaochu will look to have a good game against the Jaguars line.
Manti Te'o and Denzel Perryman must step up
Stopping T.J. Yeldon out of the backfield will be their main job. Last week the duo was torn apart by Chiefs running back Spencer Ware for seven catches to the tune of 129 yards. Te'o in particular has had constant issues covering backs out of the backfield on receiving plays. Perryman was quiet in the first game but should come out very intense in front of the home crowd.
Matchups to watch
Verrett on Robinson
As mentioned Robinson is a handful and he will likely be shadowed by Jason Verrett. The young DB will be up for the task and you can be certain that the Jaguars will spread the ball around the offense. Verrett should be able to contain Robinson for the most part but he will need some improved play from his safeties in order to completely stop the talented young receivers. This will be a fun matchup to watch.
Derek Watt on Jags LB's
The Jaguars have two solid inside linebackers in Paul Posluszny and Telvin Smith. Both stop the run really well and are always in the running lanes trying to make tackles. Rookie fullback Derek Watt will have a huge task as he will be needed to block these guys and open up holes for Gordon. A successful running game will be needed if the Chargers are planning on getting their first win of the season on Sunday.
The Chargers will struggle at some point in this game. Like all things in San Diego Sports, nothing comes easy… but the Chargers squeak out a late victory 31-30
Tags: Chargers vs Jaguars, Jacksonville Jaguars, Jason Verrett, Melvin Gordon, San Diego Chargers, Tyrell Williams
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Thanks to its streamlined, compact motor design, the NF-A6x25's motor hub is smaller than with conventional 4cm fans. This allows for more blade surface area and thus contributes to the NF-A6x25's superior airflow and pressure performance.
The NF-A6x25 FLX (Flexibility) is supplied with a Low-Noise Adaptor (L.N.A.) that reduces the maximum fan speed from 4500 to 3700rpm so that it can be fine-tuned for superior airflow or maximum quietness.
The NF-A6x25 comes with an adaptor from 3-pin Molex to the 2-pin connectors used on many graphics cards or network and storage devices. An integrated diode provides polarity protection on 2-pin connections.


Neuroimmunomodulation. 2008;15(4-6):323-30. doi: 10.1159/000156474. Epub 2008 Nov 26.
Neuroinflammation associated with aging sensitizes the brain to the effects of infection or stress.
The aging brain is characterized by a shift from the homeostatic balance of inflammatory mediators to a proinflammatory state. This increase in neuroinflammation is marked by increased numbers of activated and primed microglia, increased steady-state levels of inflammatory cytokines and decreases in anti-inflammatory molecules. These conditions sensitize the aged brain to produce an exaggerated response to the presence of an immune stimulus in the periphery or following exposure to a stressor. In the brain, proinflammatory cytokines can have profound effects on behavioral and neural processes. As the aged brain is primed to respond to inflammatory stimuli, infection or stress may produce more severe detriments in cognitive function in the aged. Typically after an immune stimulus, aged animals display prolonged sickness behaviors, increased cytokine induction and greater cognitive impairments compared to adults. Additionally, aging can also augment the central response to stressors leading to exaggerated cytokine induction and increased decrements in learning and memory. This alteration in neuroinflammation and resultant sensitization to extrinsic and intrinsic stressors can have considerable effects upon the elderly's recovery and coping during disease and stress.
The aged brain is characterized by increased numbers of activated and primed microglia which sensitize the brain to produce increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines following peripheral immune activation. A) Microglial cells in the aged brain may be primed as characterized by increased expression of cell-surface markers and shorter processes. In response to stimulation, they produce an exaggerated amount of cytokines compared to stimulation of resting microglia (modified from [Dilger & Johnson, submitted]). B) Cytokine mRNA production in the hippocampal neuronal layer 4 h after LPS treatment in young and old mice (modified from ). C) IL-1β positive cells in the CA1, CA2, CA3 and dentate gyrus regions of the hippocampus 4 h LPS treatment in adult and aged mice (modified from ).
A) Aging sensitizes mice to the effects of peripheral immune activation or stress leading to exaggerated neuroinflammation and increased cognitive deficits in the aged animal. B) Cognitive performance of aged and adult mice following LPS treatment. C) Cognitive performance of aged and adult mice exposed to repeated mild psychological stressor.