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Леонард Джордж Сиффлит (; 14 января 1916, , Новый Южный Уэльс, Австралия — 24 октября 1943, Аитапе, оккупированная Японской империей Территория Новая Гвинея) — австралийский военный, сержант армии Австралии. Известен как единственный союзный военнопленный из западного мира, казнь которого японскими солдатами была запечатлена на фотографиях.

Лен Сиффлит родился в 1916 году в , штат Новый Южный Уэльс. Был третьим из семи детей в семье рабочего. После неудачной попытки записаться в полицию в 1940 году был призван в , но после смерти матери был уволен со службы и отправлен домой. В 1941 году, несмотря на обязательства перед семьёй, записался добровольцем в армию Австралии. После окончания курсов радиосвязи в Мельбурнском техническом колледже перевёлся в силы специальных операций союзников, в частности, служил в спецотрядах «» и «». В 1942 году был отобран в отряд под командованием сержанта Королевских военно-морских сил Нидерландов Х. М. Ставермана для выполнения  по береговому наблюдению передвижений японцев в Нидерландской Новой Гвинее. В 1943 году отряд был заслан на вражескую территорию для подготовки к выполнению задания. После убийства Ставермана японцами, Сиффлит с двумя оставшимися членами отряда был предан местными жителями близ Аитапе и 19 октября попал в японский плен. Все трое подверглись пыткам, допросам, избиениям. 24 октября Сиффлит вместе с двумя товарищами был казнён через обезглавливание по обвинению в шпионаже. Казнь была снята на фотокамеру, снимки были обнаружены союзными войсками во время битвы за Голландию. После капитуляции Японии снимки были использованы в качестве доказательств на военных трибуналах в отношении японских военных преступников, причастных к казни Сиффлита и трёх его товарищей.

Биография

Молодые годы, семья
Леонард Джордж Сиффлит родился 14 января 1916 года в , штат Новый Южный Уэльс.

Родители — Лео Винсент Сиффлит (1890—1959) и Альма Элизабет, урождённая Говард (1892—1941). Во время Первой мировой войны отец служил рядовым в , а затем стал странствующим рабочим. По происхождению — из . Леонард был третьим из семи детей в семье. Среди домашних он звался просто — Лен. Лен увлекался вязанием, одевал собственноручно связанными вещами своих младших братьев, а однажды связал носки для всех членов духового оркестра Ганнеды. Также он активно занимался спортом и был хорошим пловцом. Поиски данных о получении Сиффлитом образования в какой-либо школе не увенчались успехом.

Обладая тягой к приключениям, в конце 1930-х годов Леонард вместе со старшей сестрой Перл отправился в Сидней в поисках работы. Он хотел поступить в полицию, но его не приняли на службу, сославшись на якобы имевшийся дефект зрения. Тем не менее 12 августа 1940 года в  Сиффлит был призван в , что позволяет говорить о том, что проблемы со зрением не были столь серьёзными. Он был прикреплён к прожекторному подразделению на  к западу от Сиднея, где выполнял обязанности дежурного оператора. Спустя три месяца службы, ввиду внезапной смерти матери и отсутствия отца по работе, Сиффлит был уволен из милиции и выехал к семье. Вместе с сестрой он занялся воспитанием своих двух младших братьев, которые остались жить с ней и её мужем. Вернувшись к гражданской жизни, Сиффлит также некоторое время работал продавцом в магазине в Сиднее и финансово поддерживал семью.

Военная служба

Несмотря на обязательства перед родными, 10 сентября 1941 года в  Сиффлит записался на службу во  в составе армии Австралии. Он служил в сигнальной роте , базирующейся в . Дважды Сиффлит самовольно отлучался без разрешения командира, возможно, чтобы повидаться со своей девушкой Кларис Лейн, с которой он уже был помолвлен. После прохождения курсов радиосвязи в Мельбурнском техническом колледже, в сентябре 1942 года Сиффлит добровольцем записался в силы специальных операций и был направлен в  при , базирующемся в Мельбурне. В октябре он вступил в , был переведён для дальнейшего обучения в Кэрнс на  штата Квинсленд и параллельно служил радистом в голландском отделе Департамента разведывательных служб. Тогда же Сиффлита отобрали для участия в миссии, спланированной  и заключавшейся в наблюдении за проходом японских судов и сооружения с этой целью береговой наблюдательной станции на холмах в окрестностях Холландии, что в Нидерландской Новой Гвинее, северной части острова. Он вступил в отряд под командованием сержанта Королевских военно-морских сил Нидерландов Х. М. Ставермана, в который также входили капрал Д. Дж. Топмен, два рядовых амбонца Х. Паттивал и М. Рехаринг. Их  должна была пройти одновременно и совместно с , осуществляемой другой группой под руководством лейтенанта Джека Фрайера, который, как ранее работавший геодезистом, выступил проводником для обеих групп.

24 декабря 1942 года, под Рождество, члены всех отрядов прибыли в Порт-Морсби, откуда Сиффлит написал своё последнее письмо домой. 20 января 1943 года разведчики погрузились в самолёт и вылетели в . Для перевозки огромного количества продовольствия и оборудования, необходимого для длительного пребывания на севере Гвинеи, они набрали более 100 местных жителей, которые оказались ненадёжными попутчиками и часто сбегали. К началу февраля обе группы дошли до Вабага, где из-за продолжавшихся споров между Ставерманом и Топменом ввиду горячности обоих последний вернулся обратно в Порт-Морсби. Ввиду продвижения японцев и разрастания оккупированных ими районов, разведчикам часто приходилось совершать обходы по горным хребтам, переплывать реки на каноэ, строить мосты, проходить через болота. В это время отряды снабжались по воздуху — им сбрасывали еду, предметы первой необходимости, письма, оружие и радиоприёмники.

5 мая Сиффлит получил звание сержанта, а затем был административно переведён в , созданный после реорганизации Союзного разведывательного бюро. Несмотря на все сложности, к 14 июня за шесть месяцев пути обе группы преодолели более 500 миль через горы и джунгли, дойдя до , к югу от , после чего Фрайер и Ставерман расстались. 9 июля группа Ставермана вместе с более чем 50 носильщиками выдвинулась на преодоление гористой местности около Холландии с целью выйти к северному побережью, где разведчики должны были приступить к фиксированию передвижений японцев. Переход осложнился тем, что некоторые местные племена не сочувствовали союзникам, став почти что частью японской армии. В августе-сентябре о группе Ставермана не было ничего слышно, хотя известно, что разведчики ходили от деревни к деревне, избегая патрулей японцев, которые объявили за их головы награду.

Отправившись на разведку местности близ деревни Немо, к югу от Холландии, и оставив своих товарищей на базе отряда в Ваме, в 15 милях к югу от Ванимо, 4 октября Ставерман и Паттивал попали в японскую засаду. Как впоследствии выяснилось, Ставерман был убит, а Паттивал смог сбежать и воссоединился с Сиффлитом и Рехарингом. После этого Сиффлит смог выйти на связь с Фрайером, которому сообщил о том, что Ставерман был убит местными жителями, которых на это подначили японцы. Также Сиффлит проинформировал Фрайера о том, что уже уничтожил коды и закопал радиоприёмник, и готовится уйти с Паттивалом и Рехарингом в горы . Фрайер в свою очередь поручил Сиффлиту выйти к базе у ручья Вамана для того, чтобы воссоединиться с его группой, после чего они на связь больше не выходили. Тем временем, в июле и сентябре невеста Сиффлита Клариса Лейн получила два письма от Союзного разведывательного бюро, в которых говорилось, что он находится «в целости и сохранности» (сама она была неверно указана по имени). Не получив от Сиффлита более никаких известий, 21 октября Фрайер обсудил сложившееся положение с вышестоящим командованием, а затем вместе с несколькими лояльными местными жителями отправился на поиски его самого и оставшейся команды. Через четыре недели безуспешных поисков, 18 ноября отряду Фрайера было приказано вернуться на базу. 30 декабря Сиффлит был объявлен пропавшим без вести и, возможно, попавшим в плен, о чём была уведомлена соответствующим образом его семья.

Пленение и казнь

Обстоятельства

В попытке пробиться к границе Нидерландской Новой Гвинеи 19 октября группа Сиффлита достигла Вантипи, в 44 километрах к западу от Аитапе, где попала в окружение, организованное примерно 100 представителями племени вапи, предавшего союзников и перешедшего на сторону японцев. После краткой схватки, во время которой Сиффлит отбивался оружием и ранил одного из нападавших, все трое были схвачены. Затем вапи отвезли их в расположение 8-го военно-морского строительного отделения в Малоле, где обменяли пленных на оккупационные деньги и рулон ткани. С этого времени в течение следующих двух недель они находились в ведении старшего офицера Тэруо Ватанабэ из Военно-морской гвардейской роты и сидели в импровизированной тюрьме, под которую был приспособлен бывший дом миссионера. В Малоле Сиффлит и остальные неоднократно допрашивались, подвергались пыткам, избиениям и издевательствам с целью выбить у них информацию о разведке союзников. Этим занимались два японца — Сабуро Хироэ, гражданский сотрудник администрации, и Кунио Юномэ, выполнявший обязанности переводчика.

На основании доклада подчинённых и по согласованию с сотрудником администрации и прикреплённым к штабу гражданским юристом, 23 октября командир 2-ми базовыми силами  контр-адмирал Императорского флота Японии Митиаки Камада постановил, что Сиффлит, Паттивал и Рехаринг «действовали как шпионы и виновны в государственной измене». Своим приказом Камада приговорил всех троих к смертной казни и поручил Ватанабэ провести экзекуцию. На следующий день, 24 октября, в три часа дня, их вывели на пляж в Аитапе. Окружённые японскими солдатами и местными зеваками, сопровождаемые издёвками, со связанными руками и завязанными глазами они были вынуждены пасть на колени, а затем по самурайской традиции казнены мечами через обезглавливание. Палачей было трое — переводчик Кунио Юномэ и два японских государственных служащих, Мацуо Мицуаси и Тикао Ясуно. Ясуно обезглавил Сиффлита, Мицуаси — Паттивала, а Юномэ — Рехаринга. По некоторым данным, Ясуно не смог одним ударом отрубить голову Сиффлиту, и тот, упав в отрытую могилу, был ещё жив, после чего один из местных добил его мечом. Сиффлиту было всего 27 лет.

Фотографии
Одному из наблюдателей казней, японскому гражданскому служащему по фамилии Адаси, было поручено сфотографировать момент нанесения удара, чтобы запечатлеть «превосходное мастерство владения мечом», которое должно было быть продемонстрировано палачами. Фотографии впоследствии разошлись на сувениры, в том числе та, на которой были запечатлены последние секунды жизни Сиффлита. Он, захваченный в плен солдат, с завязанными глазами, связанный, измученный и растрёпанный, стоит на коленях у наскоро вырытой могилы. Над ним, позируя на камеру, стоит его палач — японец, поднявший в замахе свой меч. Вокруг на заднем плане — толпа местных жителей и вооруженных солдат. Один японец, кажется, даже отвратительно ухмыляется в ожидании конца. По оценкам историков, фотография и спустя многие годы после окончания войны живёт собственной жизнью как напоминание о японском фанатизме и страданиях австралийцев. В апреле 1944 года, после начала битвы за Голландию, негативы фотографий были обнаружены американскими солдатами на трупе японского майора в его биваке возле Холландии. Считается, что это единственное сохранившееся изображение казни союзного военнопленного из западного мира японским солдатом.

Фотография получила широчайшую огласку, будучи опубликованной в американских журналах «Life» и «People», множестве австралийских газет, но долгое время предполагалось, что на ней запечатлён  Уильям Ньютон, сбитый над Новой Гвинеей, захваченный в плен и обезглавленный 29 марта 1943 года в Саламауа. Обезглавливание австралийского солдата, под которым тогда полагали Ньютона, было встречено с негодованием, которое усилилось ещё больше после обнародования дневника одного японского офицера, ставшего свидетелем одной из казней и гордо описавшего это событие как «проявление великодушия». В 1945 году изображённый на фотографии был идентифицирован Австралийским управлением по военным потерям как Сиффлит, что после капитуляции Японии также подтвердил на допросах палач Юномэ. Несмотря на это, фотография до сих пор иногда неверно публикуется вместе с именем Ньютона.

Возмездие

Большая часть японцев, причастных к казням на пляже Аитапе, после войны была привлечена к ответственности за совершение преступлений против человечности, а имеющиеся фотографии использовались в качестве доказательств.

Считается, что чиновник Хироэ погиб в битве за Голландию. Сдавшийся австралийцам контр-адмирал Камада был осуждён голландским военным трибуналом в Понтианаке за бесчисленные военные преступления против гражданских и военных лиц и 18 октября 1947 года казнён через расстрел. Капитан Киёхиса Ното, начальник штаба Камады, был приговорён австралийским Военным трибуналом в Рабауле к 20 годам заключения за казнь Сиффлита. Также он получил ещё 20 лет за убийство американского лётчика — второго лейтенанта Роберта Торпа, расстрелянного 27 мая 1944 года на острове Каириру. Впоследствии действие приговора было приостановлено, и в итоге Ното отбыл только 127 месяцев тюрьмы.

Командир отряда охраны Ватанабэ был приговорён тем же трибуналом к 7 годам заключения с отсрочкой на 18 месяцев. Переводчик и палач Юномэ был приговорён к смертной казни через повешение, после чего подал несколько апелляций, требуя отмены приговора и утверждая, что он только исполнял приказы, а также упирая на то, что Ното дал неверные показания. В конечном итоге смертная казнь была заменена на десять лет заключения. Третий палач, Мицуаси, был задержан голландцами при попытке вернуться в Японию, но дальнейшая его судьба остаётся неизвестной.

Местонахождение могилы
Тело Сиффлита не было найдено, а японцы не сообщили о месте захоронения его, Паттивала и Рехаринга. Предположительно вместе со своими товарищами он был похоронен в безымянной могиле у устья реки  в восточной части пляжа Аитапе, где местные жители посадили кокосовую пальму, чтобы отметить это место. В 2015 году новогвинейцы, чьи родители были свидетелями казни, сообщили информацию о возможном расположении могилы австралийским исследователям, которые добрались до того места и зафиксировали его на карте.

В 2018 году в организации «Operation Aussies Home», занимающейся поисками останков пропавших австралийских военнослужащих, объявили об обнаружении могилы Сиффлита. Согласно имеющимся документам, в январе 1945 года, спустя примерно 13 месяцев после его казни, в океане близ Аитапе было обнаружено обезглавленное тело, которое затем было похоронено в могиле с надписью «Неизвестный солдат» на  в Лаэ. Между нахождением тела и его захоронением прошло около 15 месяцев, и, по заключению нанятого «Operation Aussies Home» судебно-медицинского эксперта, останки могли принадлежать Сиффлиту, а сохранились они благодаря консервирующим свойствам песка, в котором он был захоронен. В это время в этом районе не было зафиксировано других пропавших без вести, а тело Сиффлита, вероятно, могло быть вымыто из могилы в океан по причине муссонной погоды и из-за воздействия гусениц десантного корабля.

После обнародования данной информации был выпущен отчёт Сил обороны Австралии, в котором точка зрения исследователей была подвергнута сомнению на основании заключения судмедэкспертов, которые изучали армейские документы и постановили, что безымянное тело находилось в хорошей степени сохранности, а это не состыкуется с теми обстоятельствами, что оно было найдено спустя год после смерти Сиффлита. Одновременно эксперты предположили, что тело можно принадлежать одному из двух амбонцев, казнённых вместе с Сиффлитом. В «Operation Aussies Home» пообещали продолжить борьбу за возобновление расследования, в частности, выступив за проведение ДНК-исследования, тогда как в министерстве обороны Австралии заявили, что воинские захоронения должны оставаться нетронутыми.

Память
Имя Сиффлита выбито на  в Лаэ (Папуа — Новая Гвинея), на кенотафе в  (Новый Южный Уэльс), в Зале почёта Австралийского военного мемориала в Канберре (Австралийская столичная территория). Там же хранятся документы, связанные с пленением и казнью Сиффлита, включая переписку с государственными органами, а также его письма к родным и личный молитвенник.

В 2014 году память Сиффлита была почтена на церемонии «Последний пост» в Австралийском военном мемориале. В 2016 году его именем была названа улица в Ганнеде. В 2015 году в Аитапе был открыт мемориальный парк имени Сиффлита, в котором планируется установка памятника. Известный австралийский регбист , двоюродный племянник Сиффлита, неоднократно посвящал ему свои матчи в преддверии дня АНЗАК.

Примечания

Литература

Ссылки

Солдаты Армии Австралии
Военнопленные Австралии
Казнённые во Вторую мировую войну
Казнённые в 1943 году
Обезглавленные
Похороненные в братской могиле


Find all these pairs to uncover your Easter surprise! When you find a match, a part of the surprise gets revealed. Easter symbols include the following pictures: decorated Easter Eggs, baby chicks, Easter baskets, Easter bunnies and a chocolate bunny. Each time you play, the cards get shuffled around.
Can you find all the pairs of fun Easter symbols?


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This handout will help you understand why you procrastinate and offer strategies and to combat this common writer's ailment.
Everyone procrastinates. We put things off because we don't want to do them, or because we have too many other things on our plates. Putting things off—big or small—is part of being human. If you are reading this handout, however, it is likely that your procrastination is troubling you. You suspect that you could be a much better writer if only you didn't put off writing projects until the last minute. You find that just when you have really gotten going on a paper, it's time to turn it in; so, you never really have time to revise or proofread carefully. You love the rush of adrenaline you get when you finish a paper ten minutes before it's due, but you (and your body) are getting tired of pulling all-nighters. You feel okay about procrastinating while in college, but you worry that this habit will follow you into your working life.
You can tell whether or not you need to do something about your procrastination by examining its consequences. Procrastination can have external consequences (you get a zero on the paper because you never turned it in) or internal consequences (you feel anxious much of the time, even when you are doing something that you enjoy). If you put off washing the dishes, but the dishes don't bother you, who cares? When your procrastination leaves you feeling discouraged and overburdened, however, it is time to take action.
If you think you are a hopeless procrastinator, take heart! No one is beyond help. The fact that you procrastinate does not mean that you are inherently lazy or inefficient. Your procrastination is not an untamable beast. It is a habit that has some specific origin, and it is a habit that you can overcome. This handout will help you begin to understand why you procrastinate and give you some strategies for turning things around. For most procrastinators, however, there are no quick fixes. You aren't going to wake up tomorrow and never procrastinate again. But you might wake up tomorrow and do one or two simple things that will help you finish that draft a little earlier or with less stress.
You may not be surprised to learn that procrastinators tend to be self-critical. So, as you consider your procrastination and struggle to develop different work habits, try to be gentle with yourself. Punishing yourself every time you realize you have put something off won't help you change. Rewarding yourself when you make progress will.
If you don't care why you procrastinate—you just want to know what to do about it—then you might as well skip the next section of this handout and go right to the section labeled "What to do about it." If you skip to the strategies, however, you may only end up more frustrated. Taking the time to learn about why you procrastinate may help you avoid the cycle whereby you swear up and down that you will never procrastinate again, only to find that the next time you have a paper due, you are up until 3 a.m. trying to complete the first (and only) draft—without knowing why or how you got there.
Fear of failure: If you are scared that a particular piece of writing isn't going to turn out well, then you may avoid working on it in order to avoid feeling the fear.
Fear of success: Some procrastinators (the author of this handout included) fear that if they start working at their full capacity, they will turn into workaholics. Since we procrastinate compulsively, we assume that we will also write compulsively; we envision ourselves locked in a library carrel, hunched over the computer, barely eating and sleeping and never seeing friends or going out. The procrastinator who fears success may also assume that if they work too hard, they will become mean and cold to the people around them, thus losing their capacity to be friendly and to have fun. Finally, this type of procrastinator may think that if they stop procrastinating, then they will start writing better, which will increase other people's expectations, thus ultimately increasing the amount of pressure they experience.
Fear of losing autonomy: Some people delay writing projects as a way of maintaining their independence. When they receive a writing assignment, they procrastinate as a way of saying, "You can't make me do this. I am my own person." Procrastinating helps them feel more in control of situations (such as college) in which they believe that other people have authority.
Fear of being alone: Other writers procrastinate because they want to feel constantly connected to other people. For instance, you may procrastinate until you are in such a bind that someone has to come and rescue you. Procrastination therefore ensures that other people will be involved in your life. You may also put off writing because you don't want to be alone, and writing is oftentimes a solitary activity. In its worst form, procrastination itself can become a companion, constantly reminding you of all that you have to do.
Fear of attachment: Rather than fearing separation, some people procrastinate in order to create a barrier between themselves and others. They may delay in order to create chaos in their lives, believing that the chaos will keep other people away.
Procrastination and perfectionism often go hand in hand. Perfectionists tend to procrastinate because they expect so much of themselves, and they are scared about whether or not they can meet those high standards. Perfectionists sometimes think that it is better to give a half-hearted effort and maintain the belief that they could have written a great paper, than to give a full effort and risk writing a mediocre paper. Procrastinating guarantees failure, but it helps perfectionists maintain their belief that they could have excelled if they had tried harder. Another pitfall for perfectionists is that they tend to ignore progress toward a goal. As long as the writing project is incomplete, they feel as though they aren't getting anywhere, rather than recognizing that each paragraph moves them closer to a finished product.
You may procrastinate on writing because you don't like to re-read what you have written; you hate writing a first draft and then being forced to evaluate it, in all its imperfection. By procrastinating, you ensure that you don't have time to read over your work, thus avoiding that uncomfortable moment.
Practical concerns: jobs, other classes, etc.
Unfortunately, procrastination helps reinforce itself. When we avoid doing something we dread (like writing) by doing something we enjoy (such as watching TV, hanging out with friends, etc.), we escape the dreaded task. Given such a choice, it's no wonder that many of us choose to procrastinate. When we write a paper at the last minute and still manage to get a good grade, we feel all the more compelled to procrastinate next time around.
Now that you know a little bit about why you may have procrastinated in the past, let's explore some of the strategies you might use to combat your procrastination tendencies, now and in the future. Experiment with whichever of these strategies appeals to you; if you try something and it doesn't work, try something else! Be patient; improvement will come with practice.
Figuring out exactly when and how you procrastinate can help you stop the behavior. It can be difficult to tell when you are procrastinating. Think about the clues that tell you that's what you're doing: for example, a nagging voice in your head, a visual image of what you are avoiding or the consequences of not doing it, physical ailments (stomach tightness, headaches, muscle tension), inability to concentrate, inability to enjoy what you are doing.
Try to ignore the task, hoping against hope that it will go away?
Over- or under-estimate the degree of difficulty that the task involves?
Minimize the impact that your performance now may have on your future?
Focus on one part of the task, at the expense of the rest? (For example, keep working on the introduction, while putting off writing the body and conclusion).
Once you better understand how you procrastinate, you will be better able to catch yourself doing it. Too often, we don't even realize that we are procrastinating—until it's too late.
If you have made the decision to stop delaying on a particular writing project, it is critical that you find a place to work where you have at least half a chance of actually getting some writing done. Your dorm room may not be the place where you are most productive. Ditto the computer lab. If you have a laptop computer, try going someplace where you can't connect to the Internet (e-mail and the Web are the bane of the procrastinator's existence—as you probably already know). If you are a procrastinator, then chances are you are already pretty exasperated; don't risk frustrating yourself even more by trying to write in an environment that doesn't meet your needs.
CAUTION: The most skilled procrastinators will be tempted to take this suggestion too far, spending an inordinate amount of time "creating a productive environment" (cleaning, filing, etc.) and not nearly enough time actually writing. Don't fall into that trap! While cleaning and filing are indeed worthy and necessary activities, if you only do this when you have an approaching writing deadline, then you are procrastinating.
While you are thinking about where to write, consider also when you will write. When are you most alert? Is it at 8 a.m., mid-morning, mid-afternoon, early evening, or late at night? Try to schedule writing time when you know you will be at your best. Don't worry about when you "should" be able to write; just focus on when you are able to write.
In order to break the procrastination habit, we need to get past the idea that in order to write, we must have all the information pertaining to the topic, and we must have optimal writing conditions. In reality, writers never have all the information, and conditions are never optimal.
Think of a writing project that you are currently putting off. On one side of a piece of paper, write down all the reasons for your delay. On the other side, argue (as convincingly as possible!) against the delay.
Challenge: There are no conditions that are necessary in order for you to write, save two: 1) You must have a writing implement (e.g., a keyboard or a pen) and 2) you must have someplace for writing to go, such as into a computer or onto a piece of paper. If, when faced with a writing project, you start piling up prerequisites for all the things you must do before you can possibly start writing, consider whether you might in fact be making excuses—in other words, procrastinating.
Challenge: Truth be told, you will never collect all the information you possibly could for your paper. Better to write a tightly-crafted argument with the information you have NOW, AT THIS VERY MOMENT, than to keep doing research and risk throwing your paper together at the last minute.
Challenge: There are lots of other ways to create pressure for yourself, besides waiting until the night before the paper is due to start writing it. You can set a time limit for yourself—for example, "I will write this paragraph in ½ hour"—or you can pretend that the paper is a timed essay exam. If you do this a week or two before the paper is due, you'll have a draft in plenty of time to revise and edit it.
Challenge: You can and should work on a paper in one hour blocks (or shorter). This will help you break the writing task down into smaller pieces, thereby making it seem more manageable. If you know that you can work on one part of the paper for one hour, then it won't seem so daunting, and you will be less likely to procrastinate.
Challenge: A first draft (or a second, or a third, or even—egad!—the final product) does not have to be perfect. When we write an early draft, we need to turn off our internal critic and just get some words down on the page. The great thing about starting early on a writing project is that it leaves us plenty of time for revision, editing, and proofreading; so, we can set ourselves free to just let our writing flow, without worrying about sentence-level concerns such as grammar, punctuation, and style. You'll find some other thoughts on editing in our video on proofreading and our handout on revision.
We shoot ourselves in the foot, to begin with, by telling ourselves how horrible a particular writing assignment is. Changing our attitude toward the task, when possible, may go a long way toward keeping us from procrastinating. Tell yourself that the task isn't so bad or difficult, that you either know how to do it, or that you can learn how while you're doing it. You may find, too, that if you start early on a particular assignment, your attitude never has a chance to get very negative in the first place! Simply starting to write can often help us feel more positive about writing.
Get an anti-procrastination coach. If you are really determined not to procrastinate, then get help from the supportive people in your life. Tell someone about your writing goal and timeline, and ask them to help you determine whether or not your plan is realistic. Once or twice a week, email with a friend, relative, or mentor, in order to report (admit?) on your progress, and declare your promise for the next week (or few days). If, despite your very good intentions, you start procrastinating again, do not think, "All is lost!" Instead, talk to someone about it. They may be able to help you put your slip into perspective and get back on track.
Get a buddy. See if you can find a friend to work alongside you. They don't have to be writing a paper; in fact, they can be playing Solitaire, for all you care. What matters is that you arrange to meet them at the library (or wherever you have decided to write) at a particular time and stay there for a specific period of time, thus creating accountability.
Get help with your writing. If you are procrastinating because you think you are a weak writer, then ask someone (a Writing Center writing coach, a current or former professor or teaching assistant, a friend) to help you improve.
Form a writing group. A writing group is a great way for undergraduate and more advanced writers alike to create accountability, get feedback, and simply get reminded that you are not alone in the struggle to produce and to improve your writing. See our writing group packet at for more information on how to form and sustain a writing group. Dissertation writers may benefit not only from joining a writing group but also from reading our handout on the dissertation. This handout was written by a former Writing Center staff member who eventually completed her dissertation.
Turn off the screen. Type with a dark screen, so you can't see what you've written, decide you don't like it, and delete it immediately. Sometimes procrastination stems from insecurity about what to say, or whether we have anything to say. The important thing, in that case, is to get started and KEEP GOING. Turning off the screen may help lessen your fear and turn off your internal critic. When you turn it back on (or print out what you've written), you may find that you do have something to say, after all.
Write about writing. Take 15 minutes and write a letter to yourself about why you don't want to write this. This lets you vent your frustrations and anxieties. Then, Take 15 minutes and write about what you could do to get unstuck. You can also try writing about what you're going to write, making an initial assessment of the assignment. You won't have the pressure of writing an actually draft, but you will be able to get something down on paper.
Write the easiest part first. You don't have to start at the beginning. Whatever section you can do, do it! If you think that's wimpy, and you would rather do the hardest part first so that you can get it out of the way, that's fine—whatever works for you. If you start writing and you get stuck, write about why you're stuck.
Talk it out. Try tape-recording yourself speaking the ideas you want to include in the paper, and then transcribe the tape.
Set a writing deadline (other than the paper's due date) for yourself by making an appointment at the Writing Center or telling your TA (or a former TA) that you're going to give them a draft on such-and-such a date. If you make your Writing Center appointment for several days before the paper is due, then you may be motivated to have a draft finished, in order to make the appointment worthwhile.
Keeping your work (books, notes, articles, etc.) physically out, in full view, gives you a reminder that you are in the middle of the paper, or that you need to start. Also, if you write in more than one shift, it can be helpful to leave off in the middle of a paragraph and leave your 'tools' where they are. When you return to the paper, you'll be able to "warm up" by finishing that paragraph. Starting a new section cold may be more difficult.
Investigate your writing process. First of all, you may not think you have a thing called a "writing process." But you do—everyone does. Describe your writing process in detail.
When do I usually start on a paper?
What tools do I need (or think I need) in order to write?
Do I like quiet or noise when I write?
How long a block of time do I need?
What do I do before I start?
What do I do at the end?
How do I feel at the end (after I have turned it in)?
What do I like about my writing process?
Once you can see your writing process, then you can make a decision to change it. But take it easy with this—only work on one part at a time. Otherwise, you'll get overwhelmed and frustrated—and we all know where that leads, straight down the procrastination road.
If you aren't ready to evaluate your writing process completely (and it's okay if you aren't), then you could try just listing your strengths and weaknesses as a writer. For instance, perhaps you are great at creating thesis statements, but you have trouble developing arguments. Or, your papers are very well-organized, but your thesis and argument tend to fall a little flat. Identifying these issues will help you do two things: 1) When you write, you can play to your strength; and 2) You can choose one weakness and do something about it when you DON'T have a deadline.
Now, doing anything when you don't have a deadline may sound strange to a procrastinator, but bear with me. Let's say you've decided that your writing is too wordy, and you want to work on being more concise. So, some time when you don't have a paper—but you do have a free hour—you waltz into the Writing Center and tell your tutor, "Hey, I want learn how to write more clearly." You confer, and you come away with some simple strategies for eliminating wordiness.
Here is why this may make a difference the next time you write a paper, regardless of whether or not you have procrastinated (again!): You print out your draft. It's 1 a.m. You go to bed. The next morning, you read over your paper (it's due at noon). You say to yourself, "Hmmm, I notice I'm being too wordy." BUT, rather than concluding, "Oh, well, it's too late, there isn't anything I can do about that," (as you may have in the past), you can choose to employ some of what you learned (previously, when you weren't under the gun) to make your writing more concise. You edit the paper accordingly. You turn it in.
When your instructor hands the papers back the following week, there are far fewer instances of "awkward," "unclear," etc. in the margins. Voila! You've made a positive change in your writing process!
What does this have to do with procrastination? Well, making one small change in your writing process creates momentum. You begin to feel more positive about your writing. You begin to be less intimidated by writing assignments. And—eventually—you start them earlier, because they just aren't as big a deal as they used to be.
Evaluating the strengths and weaknesses in your writing gives you a sense of control. Your writing problems are solvable problems. Working on your writing when you don't have a deadline helps you gain insight and momentum. Soon, writing becomes something that, while you may not look forward to it, you don't dread quite as much. Thus, you don't procrastinate quite as much.
If you procrastinate on writing because you don't like to re-read what you have written, the good news is this: you can learn specific proofreading, revising, and editing strategies. If you finish your paper ahead of time, and you re-read it, and you don't like it, you have options. Writing a first draft that you don't like doesn't mean you're a terrible writer. Many writers—in fact, I would venture to say most—hate their first drafts. Neither Leo Tolstoy nor Toni Morrison produce(d) brilliant prose the first time around. In fact, Morrison (a big fan of revision) said recently that you don't have to love your writing just because you wrote it! If you practice some revision and editing strategies, you may feel more comfortable with the idea of re-reading your papers. You'll know that if you find weaknesses in the draft (and you will), you can do something to improve those areas.
One of the best ways to combat procrastination is to develop a more realistic understanding of time. Procrastinators' views of time tend to be fairly unrealistic. "This paper is only going to take me about five hours to write," you think. "Therefore, I don't need to start on it until the night before." What you may be forgetting, however, is that our time is often filled with more activities than we realize. On the night in question, for instance, let's say you go to the gym at 4:45 p.m. You work out (1 hour), take a shower and dress (30 minutes), eat dinner (45 minutes), and go to a sorority meeting (1 hour). By the time you get back to your dorm room to begin work on the paper, it is already 8:00 p.m. But now you need to check your email and return a couple of phone calls. It's 8:30 p.m. before you finally sit down to write the paper. If the paper does indeed take five hours to write, you will be up until 1:30 in the morning—and that doesn't include the time that you will inevitably spend watching TV.
The next time you have a writing deadline, try using an un-schedule to outline a realistic plan for when you will write. An un-schedule is a weekly calendar of all the ways in which your time is already accounted for. When you make an un-schedule, you consider not only your timed commitments such as classes and meetings, but also your untimed activities such as meals, exercise, errands, laundry, time with friends and family, and the like. It is not a list of what you should do in a given week; rather it is an outline of the time that you will necessarily spend doing other things besides writing.
Once you have made your un-schedule, take a look at the blank spaces. These represent the maximum number of hours that you could potentially spend writing. By starting with these blank spaces as a guide, you will be able to more accurately predict how much time you will be able to write on any given day. You may be able to see, for instance, that you really don't have five hours to spend writing on the night before the paper is due. By planning accordingly, you will not only get a better night's sleep, you may also end up with a better paper!
The un-schedule might also be a good way to get started on a larger writing project, such as a term paper or an honors thesis. You may think that you have "all semester" to get the writing done, but if you really sit down and map out how much time you have available to write on a daily and weekly basis, you will see that you need to get started sooner, rather than later. In addition, the unschedule may reveal especially busy weeks or months, which will help you budget time for long-term projects.
Perhaps most importantly, the un-schedule can help you examine how you spend your time. You may be surprised at how much (or how little) time you spend watching television, and decide to make a change. It's especially important that you build time for fun activities into your un-schedule. Otherwise, you will procrastinate in order to steal time for relaxation.
You can also use the un-schedule to record your progress towards your goal. Each time you work on your paper, for example, mark it on the un-schedule. One of the most important things you can do to kick the procrastination habit is to reward yourself when you write something, even if (especially if) that writing is only a little piece of the whole. Seeing your success on paper will help reinforce the productive behavior, and you will feel more motivated to write later in the day or week.
On the other hand, it may work better for you to trick yourself into working on your paper by telling yourself you're only going to write for two hours, but then continuing to work if you're feeling inspired. Experiment with both approaches and see which one seems to work best for you.
Procrastinators tend to be heroic about time; they estimate that it will take them two hours to complete a task that would take most people four. Once you have determined that procrastination is hurting your writing, begin taking notice of how long it actually takes you to write. Many students have a "page an hour" rule. Perhaps you can write a page in an hour if you are totally rested, fed, and focused, your roommate isn't home, and the wind is blowing just right. But what if the phone rings, what if you are tired, and what if you have to go to the bathroom? When you estimate how long it will take you to write something, expect that there will be interruptions along the way.
As you explore why you procrastinate and experiment with strategies for working differently, don't expect overnight transformation. You developed the procrastination habit over a long period of time; you aren't going to stop magically. But you can change the behavior, bit by bit. If you stop punishing yourself when you procrastinate and start rewarding yourself for your small successes, you will eventually develop new writing habits. And you will get a lot more sleep.
We consulted these works while writing this handout. This is not a comprehensive list of resources on the handout's topic, and we encourage you to do your own research to find the latest publications on this topic. Please do not use this list as a model for the format of your own reference list, as it may not match the citation style you are using. For guidance on formatting citations, please see the UNC Libraries citation tutorial. We revise these tips periodically and welcome feedback.
Burka, Jane B. and Lenora M. Yuen. Procrastination: Why You Do It, What to Do About It. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley Publ. Co., 1983.
Ellis, Albert, and William J. Overcoming Procrastination. New York: Signet Books, 1977.


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Bremner, Janice (1974–)
Canadian synchronized swimmer. Born July 15, 1974, in Burlington, Ontario, Canada.
Won a team silver medal at Atlanta Olympics (1996).
Dictionary of Women Worldwide: 25,000 Women Through the Ages
"Bremner, Janice (1974–) ." Dictionary of Women Worldwide: 25,000 Women Through the Ages. . Encyclopedia.com. 19 Jan. 2023 <https://www.encyclopedia.com>.
"Bremner, Janice (1974–) ." Dictionary of Women Worldwide: 25,000 Women Through the Ages. . Encyclopedia.com. (January 19, 2023). https://www.encyclopedia.com/women/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/bremner-janice-1974
"Bremner, Janice (1974–) ." Dictionary of Women Worldwide: 25,000 Women Through the Ages. . Retrieved January 19, 2023 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/women/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/bremner-janice-1974
Larisa Latynina , 1934- Soviet gymmast Gymnast Larisa Latynina won 18 medals in Olympic competition, and is the most decorated Olympian to date in any sport. She compe… Vincent Massey , Massey, Vincent Vincent Massey (1887–1967) already had a long record of service to his home country of Canada when he was appointed the country's fir… Hugh Maclennan , Hugh MacLennan Hugh MacLennan (1907-1990) was a widely respected Canadian novelist and academic. He wrote primarily of Canadian themes and was credit… Rudy Henry Wiebe , Wiebe, Rudy (Henry) 1934- WIEBE, Rudy (Henry) 1934- PERSONAL: Born October 4, 1934, in Fairholme, Saskatchewan, Canada; son of Abram J. (a farmer) an… German Silver , silver a precious metal, in general use ranking next to gold, and valued for use in jewellery and other ornaments as well as formerly in coins. Silve… Silver Nitrate , OVERVIEW Silver nitrate (SILL-ver NYE-trate) is a colorless to transparent to white crystalline solid with no odor and a bitter metallic taste. In pu…
Fonteyn, Karen (1969–)
Kulesza, Kasia (1976–)
Garceau, Catherine (1978–)
Gibson, Cheryl (1959–)
Read, Cari (1970–)
Tatham, Reidun (1978–)
Verbeek, Tonya (1977–)
Carver-Dias, Claire (1977–)
Bremner, Ewen 1971–
Bremiker, Carl
Bremersdorp
Bremer, Lucille (1923–1996)
Bremer, L. Paul III
Bremer, L. Paul 1941- (Jerry Bremer, Lewis Paul Bremer, III)
Bremer, L. Paul
Bremer, Fredrika (1801–1865)
Bremer, Francis J(ohn) 1947–
Bremer, Edith (1885–1964)
Bremer, Arthur H. 1950–
Bremer Financial Corp.
Brema, Marie (real name, Minny Fehrmann)
Brema, Marie (1856–1925)
Brema, Marie
Brelis, Dean 1924-2006
Brelich, Angelo
Brelet, Gisèle (Jeanne Marie Noémie)
Brel, Jacques (1929–1978)
Breker, Eric
Brejchová, Jana (1940–)
Brejchová, Hana (c. 1943–)
Breiðafjörður
Brémond, François
Bremond, Henri
Brenaman, Miriam
Brenau University
Brenau University: Distance Learning Programs
Brenau University: Distance Learning Programs In-Depth
Brenau University: Narrative Description
Brenau University: Tabular Data
Brenchley, Chaz 1959- (Daniel Fox, Carol Trent)
Brenchley, Chaz 1959–
Brenchley, Winifred (1883–1953)
Brenda Starr, Reporter
Brendan, Ss.
Brende, Eric
Brendel, (Karl) Franz
Brendel, Alfred 1931-
Brendel, Daniela (1973–)
Brendel, Otto Rudolf Martin
Brendel, Wolfgang
Brendler, (Frans Fredric) Eduard
Brendon, Nicholas 1971–
Brendon, Piers
Brener, Milton E(rnest)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Home › Gossip
3 Reasons Claudia Jordan & Porsha Williams Won't Get Along On RHOA [ORIGINAL]
Claudia Jordan will be on "The Real Housewives of Atlanta," whether she's holding a peach or not. But it's almost a given she won't get along with all the ladies on the show, especially not Porsha Williams and here's why!
RELATED: 3 Things We Want To See In Claudia Jordan's Storyline On RHOA [ORIGINAL]
Claudia Jordan has a smart mouth. And Porsha says a lot of dumb things! Hmm. Sounds like a shaky combination to me. Most of the time when Porsha says something that can be considered the opposite of an intelligent statement, the housewives aren't too hard on her (at least not to her face). Don't expect the same from Claudia. She seems like the type that will put Porsha straight on blast, and you know Porsha is not going to like that!
RELATED: 3 Reasons "The Real Housewives Of Atlanta" Cast Will Hate On Claudia Jordan [ORIGINAL]
Porsha might feel threatened. Porsha's role on RHOA was already threatened when she mopped the reunion floor with Kenya Moore earlier this year. Could they be bringing Claudia on as a soon-to-be replacement for Porsha? Maybe. But you know how people act when they feel like someone is coming for the spot. CRAZY!
RELATED: Why It's A Good Idea For Claudia Jordan To Join "The Real Housewives Of Atlanta" Cast [ORIGINAL]
They see too much of each other. Porsha and Claudia not only most likely will have to film together, they kind of work together on "The Rickey Smiley Morning Show." Claudia is the newest co-host on "The Rickey Smiley Morning Show," and Porsha was just offered a permanent co-host position on "Dish Nation." We'll be lucky if these girls aren't ripping each other's hair out by the end of the day!
RELATED: Is Claudia Jordan Joining "The Real Housewives Of Atlanta"?
Claudia Jordan Off The Air [PHOTOS]
Claudia Jordan	, Claudia Jordan Porsha Williams	, Claudia Jordan RHOA	, Porsha Williams	, Real Housewives Of Atlanta	, RHOA	, RHOA Claudia Jordan	, The Real Housewives of Atlanta


Well, a moment draws near. My trial began a while ago, but as surgery nears, I have laid the groundwork as best I can. How about you? If you want to enter a period of growth, or deal with a persistent problem, have you reflected on it honestly? Have you made it a priority? Have you examined how bad you really want to do it?
For me, part of me really wonders if I have it in me; I may depend on God, but the human part of me still wonders. I have been through complete physical rehab three times and it is very mentally and physically demanding. I know, through experience, I will have doubts and sad days and frustrated days, especially if there are complications. It is just like any other trial. The emotions are similar to what everyone feels. We all feel that when we reach out and really try to change our lives. But for me, if you haven't yet figured it out, this is much more than just a surgery, it is about cleaning up my spiritual house and using this event as a catapult to Glorify God. I don't want to just recover or survive. I have plans, big plans. To fulfill those plans, I will need help. Primarily from God but also the people around me will help me to do what God wants me to do. That is why who we surround ourselves is so important.
We all like yes men and women. You do; I do, it's our human nature. I want to express my frustrations and have people tell me how good I am or how right I am and how wrong someone else is or what a raw deal I have received or whatever it is that gives us self-esteem in the moment. But I need something different if I want to grow. One thing I notice of people who have failed repeatedly over a long period of time, for whatever reason, good or bad, justifiable or not, they surround themselves with "yes men." Those people don't judge but they also don't hold accountable, at least in any meaningful way. They agree with anything the afflicted person says; they console them, but, when it comes time to change; real change, they are nowhere to be found. Many times they are in the same boat and become prime enablers instead accountability partners. I have absolutely no use for that. I am talking about real friends.
Let's be totally honest for a moment. We constantly have people coming in and out of our life; some for a season, some forever. Circumstances allow for different levels of friendship with different people at different times. We can't be best friends with everyone we know and that's okay. It doesn't mean they are not our brothers and sisters or even friends.
Over the years, I have surrounded myself with certain people. I have an inner circle, of sorts. It's not that they know some secret information that no one else does. But there is one requirement. They cannot be a "yes man." These people are not afraid to tell me I am wrong. They aren't mean about it. They don't do it very often and they don't want to do it. When I am struggling, they are there. They listen. We pray together. They would give me anything they have if it will help me. But, if I am wrong, they tell me in no uncertain terms. If I have a conflict they listen, and if I need to apologize or shut my mouth or whatever, I hear it. Usually, they have a fresh look that I need to see. I may not always like it or want to hear it. But I can trust them.
They know, like I do, that I always want to be someone of character or working towards that. They wouldn't be my friend if we didn't share that value. Sometimes, that involves saying to each other that we are wrong, we aren't giving 100% or even we aren't exhibiting Godly character traits. That is a hard thing to do. They point it out, then walk with me to fix the problem.
Finding people to feel sorry for me is easy if that's what I wanted. Finding someone to say it's okay that I failed and give me a quick "praying for you!" as they go on their way are everywhere. Finding people to tell me I'm wrong is even easier, sometimes. But finding that right combination of person you can open up to and take honest advice from is hard. It takes work. But it's one of the things you need if you truly want to grow. You pray for those people….you seek those people.
Wrath is cruel, anger is overwhelming, but who can stand before jealousy?
Do not forsake your friend and your father's friend, and do not go to your brother's house in the day of your calamity. Better is a neighbor who is near than a brother who is far away.
We are going to have acquaintances. We are going to have "Face Book friends." There is nothing wrong with that. But you cannot make these people your inner circle and then expect them to help you grow or change when things go wrong. You have to seek Godly friends and then invest in them. That takes time. And it does change over time. My inner circle is not completely the same as it was 10 years ago. Lives change. My go to, closest friend hasn't though. We are in different states. But we put in the effort it takes to maintain a close friendship. I listen to him. If I am mad at someone and I know I am right; he listens and if he says I am wrong, even if I don't agree I listen to him because we are that close in friendship and values. In those situations he is the calm and rational me. When I want to quit and he says no, I don't quit. He will close his business at a moment's notice and drive to Oklahoma if I need him to. I also do that for him.
You can better believe he is going to be checking up on me. We will pray together, a lot. That kind of relationship takes a lot of work, a lot of give and take as well as sacrifice. But you need that when you reach your breaking point. God uses those people to speak to me and me them.
When you pursue those kinds of relationships you will soon discover a larger group of friends who reflect true Biblical values that are a great help when you need it. I can safely say, even branching out to my larger group of friends there are several of those types of relationships and it makes times like this so much easier. Many are my church family. They care more than just a "friend" and part of that caring is they demand my best. When I fail to achieve that, they are willing to help me get there. But they expect me get there.
That lifts a great burden from me. My family will be watched and prayed over. I can trust them. If things go wrong I am not alone. God will use them. I have given much to them towards the same end. Praise God for them, and you!


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Report: The Syrian Elite Force used chemical weapons in 2018
Premiere of Ötzl: Auto Neurorre. Eclipse Hope in Langenfeld
t3n – The Digital Pioneers | The Journal for Digital Business
Odermatt's record came back with a Super-G win in Cortina
New travel restrictions: ÖFB is working on a list for England – football – ÖFB national team
Lillian Shelton May 25, 2021 2 min read
Photo: © GEPA
Vienna – Tuesday, May 25, 2021 at 2:21 pm
The Austria national team must fear their test match against the "Three Lions" on June 2 in Middlesbrough, England.
The Austrian federal government announced on Tuesday that the United Kingdom is one of the variable regions for viruses ("B2") under the COVID-19 Entry Regulation. As a result, the landing ban in Austria will go into effect on June 1, 2021.
People entering from the UK need a negative PCR test and must also go into (home) quarantine for ten days after entry, and this also applies to business travelers. Premature termination of quarantine after a negative PCR test is possible on the fifth day after entry at the earliest.
Therefore, "regarding the friendly match against England in Middlesbrough scheduled for June 2, UEFA is already in close contact with the responsible authorities in order to obtain a special arrangement here," explains the press office of the national team.
The national team is insisting that the team and associated support staff be in a "bubble" in which they are given regular tests and that they travel to England in isolation, according to UEFA.
Euro 2020 – Group C schedule with Austria >>>
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text:
Rudetjärn kan syfta på ett antal insjöar i Sverige:

Rudetjärnet, sjö i Bengtsfors kommun,
Rudetjärnen, sjö i Sundsvalls kommun,

Se även
Rudtjärn

Listor över Sveriges insjöar baserat på namn

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The two-woman show is organized together with "Bright Pink," a non-profit organization providing education and support to young women at high risk for breast and ovarian cancer. "A percentage of all our art sales will go directly to 'Bright Pink,'" says Anna Lundell. Anna Benson and Anna Lundell have, one way or another, both been affected by breast cancer, and that made "Bright Pink" a natural choice of a non-profit organization to support.
Anna Lundell, a nature and travel photographer is presenting her first series of large wall art photographs from around the world called "My windows of the world." Swedish artist, journalist and author, Anna Benson—no, not that Anna Benson!—is the former world class athlete turned journalist, author and artist who will show her recent paintings at the Mondrian.
When: Saturday Feb. 18, 6 - 9 PM.
Photograph from "My Windows of the World" series by Anna Lundell.
The art of Anna Benson.
Invitation to Mondrian, Miami Beach and the two-woman show of Benson and Lundell.
The Florida based Swedish artists Anna Benson (left) and Anna Lundell.


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VoIP Security Predictions for 2007
I'm here in Ft. Lauderdale, and I'm taking a bit of a break from the set-up to draw some attention to a recent post on Mark Collier's VoIP Security Blog.
Mark Collier knows a thing or two about security. As CTO of SecureLogix Corporation, an enterprise telephony management and security company, Collier is responsible for technology research, development, and related intellectual property, including a special focus on VoIP security solutions. Mr. Collier is also a founding member of the VoIP Security Alliance (www.voipsa.com), an industry group focused on VoIP security education.
Back to the point, Collier has posted a series of predictions regarding VoIP security on his blog.
According to Collier, "Enterprise VoIP deployments will continue to ramp in 2007, and the frequency and severity of VoIP-specific attacks will increase as well." He also believes that Denial of Service (DoS) will continue to be the most significant threat to VoIP.
Here are the Top 10 predictions, according to Collier:
1) There is no doubt that VoIP security attacks have taken place, but very few have been widely publicized. I predict that in 2007, we will see enterprise VoIP systems attacked and the results publicized.
2) VoIP is an application running on the data network and will continue to be affected by attacks such as worms, virus, Denial of Service (DoS), etc. While these attacks may not directly target VoIP systems, they will disrupt operations because the underlying platforms are vulnerable to the attack.
3) We will also start to see more VoIP specific attacks, particularly aimed at the enterprise. There is more scrutiny of VoIP systems and attackers will find more issues that are unique to VoIP and the systems that enable it.
4) Attackers will also be developing more tools to exploit these issues. Even now, there are plenty of tools out there, but you can expect to see more tools and extensions to the tools currently available.
5) Denial of Service (DoS) will continue to be the most significant threat to VoIP systems. Many VoIP systems are very vulnerable to fuzzing and flood based attacks, including simple transport and application layer attacks.
6) You can expect enterprises to start deploying the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) for handsets as well as connectivity to the public network. The move to SIP will affect security, because there is a long list of SIP attack tools available for use.
7) Even with the move to SIP, proprietary protocols will continue to dominate VoIP for several years. You will start to see new attack tools that target these protocols as well, especially for vendors with wide deployment (Cisco, Avaya, Nortel, Siemens, etc.).
8) Social threats such as voice phishing and voice SPAM will start to emerge. They will not be common, but their threat level will grow with the increasing adoption of VoIP. Social engineering attacks could start to become disruptive in late 2007.
9) Although vendors will increase their offerings for conversation encryption, it will not be widely employed by enterprises.
10) VoIP deployment has the potential to affect traditional networks. Attacks like DoS, SPIT, and toll fraud may "spill" over and affect legacy systems."
VoIP Security will be on display at Internet Telephony Conference & EXPO this week as well. The conference features a dedicated full-day track on the subject of VoIP Security, and will feature sessions entitled, "Everything You wanted to Know About VoIP Security," "VoIP Spamming — Challenges and Soutions," and SIP & Security. The sessions will take place on Friday January 26, at the Broward County Convention Center in Ft. Lauderdale.
Speakers will include representatives from the following companies:
NEC Unified Solutions
Aculab
Stonesoft
Eyeball Networks
XConnect
Ingate Systems, and others
Feedback for VoIP Security Predictions for 2007
Victor Lee | March 16, 2007 1:31 AM
So how did the telephony conference go?
I wonder how the security issues will affect the time it takes for VoIP to become a major source of telephone service. The benefits of VoIP are great, but these security issues must be fixed before it's deemed viable, unless VoIP providers just roll out service and worry about security threats when they happen, which I hope doesn't happen..
http://nationwidevpn.com
Nationwide VPN provides secured VPN connectivity, enhanced security VPN and VPN encryption.
john | November 4, 2007 10:48 PM
Wow thats a lot of security issues to think about. I think VOIP will still become more popular just bc the technology will become better. More businesses will capitalize on it. http://ispsurvey.com


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Social media reading list: Christakis and Fowler, Connected
Claude Fischer, professor of sociology | July 22, 2011
[ Connected: The Surprising Power of Our Social Networks and How They Shape Our Lives is part of the 2011 Summer Reading List at UC Berkeley. The theme this year is "Social Media."]
A couple of years ago, social scientists Nicholas Christakis and James Fowler got a lot of media attention for new research suggesting that people can "catch" all sorts of habits – like smoking, overeating, feeling happy, and feeling lonely – from the people they know. More dramatic still, the research suggested that you can catch such habits from the people who know the people you know. Christakis and Fowler have put their findings and those of many other researchers into a fascinating and easy-to-read book entitled, Connections. The subtitle tells you the theme: The Surprising Power of Our Social Networks and How They Shape Our Lives.
The idea that our family, friends, and even acquaintances influence our lives is the central thesis of scholars who study "social networks." It also underlies much of our everyday behavior. When we worry about who our kids hang out with, it is because we believe that "bad influences" can shape their lives. When we go to a party to "network," we do so because we believe that who you know, and who they know, can determine career opportunities. Still, the claim in the Christakis and Fowler subtitle is sharply contested.
Certainly, kids who get into trouble tend to be friends with kids who get into trouble; people in powerful jobs tend to hang with people in powerful jobs. But which came first, the connection or the similarity? Critics of social network research argue that the "shaping our lives" claim is overblown: People are like the people they know because they prefer each others' company (say, kids into drugs seek out other kids with that inclination; opera buffs like to be with opera buffs). Surely, both processes are at work: similar types of people seek each other out and people who spend time together become more similar – they, for example, learn about opera from friends or family, they are introduced to a drug by a classmate. The question, as yet pretty open, is how much each of the two processes contributes to the end result, which is that we tend to be pretty similar to the people in our networks.
Christakis and Fowler gained particular attention by claiming even more power for social networks, arguing that individuals are influenced through network ties by people they may not have even met. Using data from a long-term health study, the authors present evidence suggesting that if the friend of my friend is, say, obese or despondent, I run an elevated risk of becoming that way, too, even if the mutual friend we have in common is not affected, if he stays thin or cheery. This mysterious influence at a distance (Christakis and Fowler are not quite sure how it might happen) has come under sharp critique in the academic blogosphere; some arguing that the finding is a technical error.
It is safe to say that most researchers in this area (your humble correspondent included) are unpersuaded about influence at a distance. But we do share the authors' conviction, well-explained in this book, that whom we know really matters.
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University of Kashan was founded at first as an institution of higher education in 1973. It began its activities in October, 1974 by 200 students of mathematics and physics. In 1989 more academic fields were added and the institution continued its activities as Kashan Teacher-Training University under the supervision of the Ministry of Science. In 1994, by offering engineering disciplines, this university was acknowledged as a main university by the Ministry of Science. In 1995 College of Architecture and Arts was added to the university with an emphasis on the local needs, art and industries of the region. Faculty of Chemistry, as the 5th college after Science, Humanities, Engineering, Architecture and Arts, was founded in 2008. Currently, University of Kashan, within the boundary of 530 hectares and with 80000 square meters of infrastructure (building), in addition to educational campuses, sports facilities, dormitory complexes, restaurant complex, amphitheaters, green spaces, mosque, study halls and health-care center provides leisure, services and comforts to the students. Besides the five mentioned colleges, there are three active research institutes including Nano Technology, Natural Essential Oils, and Energy and also three Research Centers including Kashan studies, Carpet, and Astronomy that contribute to the fact that University of Kashan in recent years has been among the top ten universities in Iran. Accommodating more than 7500 students in 50 disciplines of undergraduate, graduate and postgraduate levels and having about 300 full-time energetic faculty members, this university is approaching the clear future horizons.
For a detailed look at University of Kashan's activities, please click here.


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Announcing Centrify's New Analytics Service
By Satish Veerapuneni
Our goal for Centrify Analytics Service is to extend the Centrify Identity Services Platform to provide risk-based access management across...
Pass(word)ing the buck!
Users should always take advantage of multi-factor authentication (MFA) to protect the password with another layer of security.
Commission on Enhancing National Cybersecurity: Implement MFA
At the end of 2016, the Commission on Enhancing National Cybersecurity, a nonpartisan committee charged with developing actionable...
Five Key Takeaways from AWS re:Invent 2016
Does Multi-Factor Authentication Have to Be Difficult?
Before we go into how Multi-factor authentication (MFA) has changed, let's have a quick look at what MFA is.With MFA, users must provide two...
Centrify Supports Data Privacy Day: Take Action Today to Protect Your Privacy!
By Ben Rice
Data Privacy Day is an international effort held annually on January 28th to create awareness about the importance of respecting privacy...


text:
Q: Install Adblock on iPad I have an iPad 3 with iOS 8.3; I wonder if there is some software/tool that allows  to install Adblock and how to enable it on Safari (if I can of course).

A: There are apps which aren't content blockers, but which rather install a VPN on your device and route your traffic through this to block ads. This is still supported on devices which don't support content blockers.

*

* AdBlock

* AdGuard

For other devices which do support content blockers on iOS 9, there are many options available.

*

* Crystal

* AdBlock Plus

* Aqua

* AdBlock for Mobile
To add a content blocker, install it from the App Store, then choose Settings → Safari → Content Blockers and enable the content blocker. For apps which do not use content blockers, see the app itself for installation instructions.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
How to combat global warming in 100 ways
The sun rises over an oil field over the Monterey Shale formation where gas and oil extraction using hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, is on the verge of a boom.
David McNew/Getty Images
AirTalk® | May 25, 2017
In the ten years after An Inconvenient Truth, environmentalist and writer Paul Hawken has put together a team of scientists, researchers, activists, and political leaders to form Project Drawdown, a term used to define a point in which greenhouse gases begin to decline.
"Drawdown: The Most Comprehensive Plan Ever Proposed to Reverse Global Warming" is the new book produced by the coalition. From family planning to green trucking, wind power to composting, Hawken and his colleagues propose a network of solutions to address the challenges of climate change. Larry Mantle sits down with the editor to talk about the surprising findings that tackle one of the biggest threats to humanity.
Paul Hawken, environmentalist and editor of the new book, "Drawdown: The Most Comprehensive Plan Ever Proposed to Reverse Global Warming" (Penguin books, 2017)
Beyond the state flag: Petition to bring back grizzly bears to CA grows
How would the Trump administration respond to the 'leaked' climate change report?
Legislative, environmental stakeholders debate pros and cons of new cap and trade proposal
On the eve of a country-wide march, AirTalk asks listeners about the role of politics in science
Unless we do something about it, many SoCal beaches could be gone by 2100
More from this episode: AirTalk® FOR May 25, 2017
The epic battle to extend the 710 freeway could come to an end today
The epic battle to extend the 710 Freeway comes to an end today
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Baker McKenzie Ushers In Year-End Bonus Season
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Law360 (November 12, 2020, 2:27 PM EST) -- Baker McKenzie set in motion the 2020 year-end bonus season this week, informing U.S. associates that they could receive up to $100,000 in one-time payments and that its offerings could increase if other law firms set their scales higher.
The bonuses will range from $15,000 for associates who have been with the BigLaw firm since 2019 to $100,000 for those who have worked for it since 2012 or earlier, Baker McKenzie told Law360 on Thursday. It marks the first announcement from a major firm about its 2020 bonus scale.
"The firm would like to express our sincere appreciation for our associates' hard work on behalf of clients and also for navigating the many personal and professional challenges brought on by COVID-19," the firm's North America CEO Colin Murray said in a statement.
A memo from Baker McKenzie said it would ensure its "bonus scale matches any increases in the market should they occur." The firm is also planning to "additionally reward" some top performers whose practices were impacted by the economic downturn.
In addition to the bonus announcement, Baker McKenzie said that salary cuts instituted in the spring because of COVID-19 are now slated to end Nov. 30, a month ahead of schedule. The firm in April cut salaries for attorneys and business professionals by as much as 15% in the U.S. and 10% in Canada.
Baker McKenzie, the 60th largest law firm in the U.S. per the Law360 400, reported in late October that it earned $2.9 billion in global revenue for the fiscal 2020 year ending June 30, amounting to a 1.2% jump from the previous year.
The firm said the figures represented a "flat year." However, global chair Milton Cheng said in a statement that it recorded a "reasonable set of results, given the economic and logistical headwinds we have faced since January and the softening of demand we saw in the final quarter of FY20."
"Despite the ongoing challenges of COVID-19 and the decline in economic activity in many parts of the world, Baker McKenzie is heading into FY21 with confidence," Cheng said, citing its investments in technology and new services centers.
Baker McKenzie was one of many BigLaw firms in the spring to implement austerity measures as the industry braced for a potentially significant decline in demand. In early September, the firm also laid off an undisclosed number of lawyers and staffers in its North American offices.
Several BigLaw firms, including Hogan Lovells, Baker Botts LLP, Katten Muchin Rosenman LLP and Nixon Peabody LLP, have paired salary restorations with layoffs in recent months.
A divide emerged this fall among large firms when it came to bonuses, with some electing to dole out special payments because of the pandemic and others announcing that they would stick to traditional year-end structures.
Davis Polk & Wardell LLP, Milbank LLP, Debevoise & Plimpton LLP and Latham & Watkins LLP were among the firms that offered "special bonuses" in the fall. Davis Polk in mid-September set a scale used by some other firms, handing out between $7,500 and $40,000 in bonuses based on seniority. Baker McKenzie did not publicly say whether it offered fall bonuses.
--Additional reporting by Aebra Coe and Xiumei Dong. Editing by Orlando Lorenzo.
For a reprint of this article, please contact reprints@law360.com.
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October 12, 2011 - Eclipse Aerospace announced it is now taking orders for the Eclipse 550, the new twin-engine jet model in the Eclipse Jet family. The Eclipse 550 will be a technologically advanced, twin-engine jet aircraft with a design that utilizes the same airframe and power plant as the popular EA-500 model.
Along with significant innovations in most aircraft systems designed to improve overall operations, direct operating costs, technology, comfort, and performance.
?We?re thrilled to be taking this positive step forward in Eclipse history,? said Mason Holland, CEO and Chairman of Eclipse Aerospace.
?We expect a robust customer response based on the support we?ve received from current Eclipse owners, our suppliers and the aviation community in general. Ultimate production and production levels will be driven by overall market demand, and we couldn?t be more excited or optimistic.?
The Eclipse 550?s enhancements will include expanded aircraft computer systems and integrated avionics package, which will now support features such as Synthetic Vision, Enhanced Vision, dual-mode FMS, TAWS, TCAS-1, ADS-B, on-board color radar, Radar Altimeter, and iPad data entry integration.
The base price of the Eclipse 550 twin-engine jet is USD $2,695,000 (2011 value). Eclipse Aerospace expects to produce 50 to 100 aircraft per year with deliveries beginning in 2013. In addition, Eclipse Aerospace will become the first in its industry to offer Auto-Throttles as an option for the Eclipse 550. ?One of the true values of the Eclipse 550 design is the ability to incorporate new technology such as Auto-Throttles into our aircraft with improved cost efficiency,? said Holland. ?The Eclipse 550 will also include performance enhancements to further improve the aircraft?s fuel efficiency advantage over competitors.?
Innovative Solutions & Support, provider of the EFIS portion of the Eclipse 550?s integrated Avio FMS avionics package, will continue to provide engineering and design services in the development and certification of Synthetic Vision, Enhanced Vision, and integration of Auto Throttles. All of these features will be supported by a new generation of flat panel displays with enhanced graphics and robust microprocessors, all tested to the more rigorous standards normally applied to military aircraft.
The Eclipse 550 will be powered by the same Pratt & Whitney PW610F turbofan engines used in the EA-500, which collectively produce 1,800 lbs. of thrust. This gives the 6,000 lb. Eclipse Jet a maximum cruise speed of 375 knots and an IFR range of 1,125 nm with a full fuel payload of 700 lbs. Like the EA-500, the Eclipse 550 will have a maximum service ceiling of 41,000 ft. and a cruise fuel flow of only 59 gal/hr.
?Eclipse is in a place all to itself. First, the cost to operate an Eclipse Jet is significantly lower than the next closest jet in our class. Couple this with the low purchase price entry point for the Eclipse 550 and you have a winning combination,? Holland said. A limited number of introductory position holders will receive a contract without CPI escalation and, as an additional incentive, over $120,000 in optional equipment at no additional cost.


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Indiana State Supreme Court Rules on Wrongful Death Trial Court Order Balancing Conflicting Constitutional Interests
By Charlie Ward
In Estate of Meux v. Cozmanoff, the Supreme Court upheld the trial court order that Defendant be required to answer Plaintiff's Complaint in an effort to balance conflicting constitutional interests.
On March 6, 2012 Britney Meux was struck by a car operated by Jason R. Cozmanoff while jogging with three co-workers. Mr. Cozmanoff fled the scene of the accident and Britney later died from her injuries. Mr. Cozmanoff was criminally charged with thirteen crimes.
Weeks later a civil suit was filed against Mr. Cozmanoff by the administrators of Ms. Meux's estate for gross negligence and/or willful and wanton misconduct.
Adverse parties assert different constitutional interests
Cozmanoff was conflicted as information and testimony given to Plaintiffs during discovery could be used against him by the prosecutor in his criminal trial. But if he were to invoke the Fifth Amendment guaranteeing protection from being called as a witness against himself in the civil suit, the trier of fact could have inferred Defendant's responsibility for the wrongful death of Britney Meux.
Defendant Cozmanoff moved the trial court for a stay of all civil proceedings pending a resolution of his criminal prosecution citing the Fifth Amendment privilege.
"The Fifth Amendment, incorporated to the States by the Fourteenth Amendment, Malloy v. Hogan, 378 U.S. 1, 6 (1964)" states as follows:
"…protects the individual against being involuntarily called as a witness against himself in a criminal prosecution but also privileges him not to answer official questions put to him in any other proceeding, civil or criminal, formal or informal, where the answers might incriminate him in future criminal proceedings."
U.S.C.A. Const. Amends. 5, 14
The Plaintiff opposed his motion arguing the following:
Defendant Cozmanoff's criminal case might not be resolved for years;
Discovery was necessary to identify other potential tortfeasors who must be joined to the case before the two-year statute of limitations ran; and
The stay would offend Article 1, Section 12 of the Indiana State Constitution guaranteeing "Justice shall be administered freely…and without delay." [Emphasis Added]
The civil trial court granted a limited stay of discovery as to Cozmanoff only but having done so ordered the Defendant to respond to Plaintiffs' Complaint. Plaintiffs would still be free to investigate "outside the context of formal discovery."
On March 12, 2014, The Indiana State Supreme Court affirmed the trial court's ruling, finding reasoning to support the trial court's decision in the matter of The Estate of Meux v. Cozmanoff as follows:
"When two adverse parties each assert different constitutional interests, the court must consider each interest 'in the light of the other, and in the context of the issues and interests at stake.' Hostetter v. Idlewild Bon Voyage Liquor Corp., 377 U.S. 324, 332 (1964)."
The opinion further states:
"Our ruling today does not mean the trial court was constitutionally required to impose the stay;simply that it did not abuse its discretion by so doing."
A Law Firm With Over 85 Years of Combined Experience
The attorneys at Ward & Ward Law Firm have over 85 years of combined experience in wrongful death litigation. Often, person's alleged to be responsible for the wrongful death of another, must face criminal prosecution while simultaneously undergoing civil suit. Our attorneys maintain an up-to-date working knowledge of legislation and rulings and utilize every legal tool at our disposal to uncover the truth and analyze the facts of a case including private investigators, witness interviews, testimony undertaken by deposition and discovery of physical evidence and documentation through the Freedom of Information Act.
If you are looking for a wrongful death attorney, attorney, Charlie Ward, would like to offer you a free consultation with no obligation. Call 317-639-9501 today and ask for Charlie..
Charlie Ward, Personal Injury Attorney


Add crab boil and Old Bay to 8 quarts of water and bring to a boil. Add lemons, onions, potatoes, corn, artichokes, and garlic to boiling water. Let boil for 20 minutes.
Add shrimp and boil for additional 2 to 3 minutes.
Turn off heat, and let stand for 15 to 20 minutes.
Feeds 4 to 6 people.


260 – 277 square foot standard rooms, with 2 double beds or 1 king bed, that sleep 4 guests.
Art of Animation & All-Star Music Resorts offer family suites that sleep up to 6 guests.
Bus transportation with multiple stops throughout the resort, to all the parks & Disney Springs. The Port Orleans Resorts have boat transportation to Disney Springs. Port Orleans French Quarter is smaller and only has 1 bus stop.
314 – 340 sq ft rooms with 2 queen beds or 1 king bed. Most standard rooms sleep up to 4 guests.
A 'feature pool' with a water slide and other quiet pools throughout the resort. Many have hot tubs to relax in.
Table service restaurants (with 1 upscale option) and quick service food, but no food courts.