text:
Study Reveals How Late Payments Affect Small Business
When two businesses agree to work together, the business that is owed money will typically send an invoice to the payer once the products have been delivered or the service has been rendered. How long the payer has to send the money is dependent on the contract the two businesses signed at the beginning of the process.
An enlightening study by Plum, a consulting firm, revealed that 11% of all invoices sent out by small businesses aren't paid on time. Add up all those late payments, and you'd get a total of more than $1 trillion a year – roughly the GDP of Indonesia.
That's not the worst of it. Plum's researchers also found that 7.5% of all small business invoices ultimately have to be written off as bad debt.
What impact do these late payments have on small businesses? A kindergartner could probably tell you the results aren't positive, but Plum surveyed more than 3,000 companies in 11 countries to dig deeper into the scale of the problem and the issues it causes for businesses.
First, when a small business doesn't get paid money it is owed, it's more vulnerable to disruption than a larger company with a substantial cash reserve. The most serious area of concern is cash flow. Because when money is tight, a business struggles to stay alive.
The authors of the study refer to the impacts as a "domino effect." If you don't get paid on time, you're forced to track down the debtor and compel them to fork out the cash. This process can be extremely time-consuming, with American small businesses losing an average of 15 workdays each year trying to collect late payments.
Of course, not all businesses decide to go on the payment hunt. When asked why they don't pursue late payers, companies reported the following barriers (in order of most common):
Protecting relationships with clients
No dedicated resource to chase late payments
Staff don't have time
Lack of staff members
Not knowing which invoices are due
Whether a business goes on the payment hunt or not, the negative impacts of late payments cascade down. A small business weighed down by late payments will often struggle to carry out regular business. And the resulting financial strain means fewer pay reviews, reduced payroll, and smaller bonuses for employees, which further diminishes morale and productivity.
Small businesses with cash flow struggles are also less likely to make future investments in the business. Additionally, they'll struggle to pay their obligations to other companies. When the issues are widespread, it can cause an entire sector to stall or even shrink. The results can then affect the broader economy.
All told, 40% of businesses reported distinct ways late payments have dinged their business. The 2 most common impacts cited were the inability to invest in their company and difficulty in paying their suppliers. Both of these issues are sure-fire ways to inhibit a business's ability to succeed.
So why are so many payments late? We know they're sometimes the result of the payer lacking the funds necessary due to their struggles with other payers not delivering funds on time. The survey asked respondents for the most common excuses they hear from payees to give more context to the scourge of late payments. They could choose from the following options:
Didn't receive the invoice
Invoice payment is pending
Disputing invoice amounts
Wanting to pay invoices in particular periods of the year
No reason was given
Invoices were not paid late
For 8 of the 11 countries in the survey, including the United States, the most common reason given was "no reason." This statistic is surprising because it implies that delinquent companies typically aren't struggling with legitimate challenges. Rather, they forgot to make the payment or chose to ignore it.
According to the authors of the study, this response "suggests that there should be no particular reason why invoices should be paid late, and so companies should generally be amenable with a mandate of punctual payment."
If your business sees a large number of late payments, don't give up and write them off as bad debt. Pursue the payment and establish your reputation as a business that takes contracts seriously. Doing so will help you collect much of what's due to you, while also minimizing future issues.
Grant Olsen
Grant Olsen is a writer specializing in small business loans, leadership skills, and growth strategies. He is a contributing writer for KSL 5 TV, where his articles have generated more than 6 million page views, and has been featured on FitSmallBusiness.com and ModernHealthcare.com. Grant is also the author of the book "Rhino Trouble." He has a B.A. in English from Brigham Young University.
The Relationship between Cities and Small Businesses
By Barry Eitel
Should Small Businesses Weigh in on Politics?
The Rise of the Baby Boomer Entrepreneur


text:
06:40, 18 NOV 2015
Events guide for Loughborough and Charnwood
Find out what's happening on your doorstep this week....
Events guide for Charnwood this week
Find things to see and do with the help of our what's on guide.
Events guide for Charnwood and Loughborough
Knightthorpe Methodist Church
Events guide for Charnwood and Loughborough - find out what's on this coming week.
Top 10 most entertaining photo galleries of the year
Loughborough Town
Here is a round-up of our 10 most popular photo galleries we have featured on our website in the past year.....
Looking for something to do? Try our events guide....
Find something to do this weekend and next week with our handy events guide.
Shepshed gunman latest
Armed police descended onto the town – accompanied by the police helicopter – following a report of a man walking around Butthole Lane with a firearm at around 2pm on Thursday, September 3.
What's on this week in Loughborough and Charnwood
Find out what events and activities are taking place in the area this week.
Shepshed Show 2015 Picture Gallery
The event, which is held in the grounds of Shepshed High School, ran from 11am until 4pm on Saturday, June 20, in association with the Nottingham Building Society.
Events in Loughborough and Charnwood this week
Rainbows Hospice
Events and activities galore for the coming week in Loughborough and Charnwood.
Shepshed Show tickets on sale this week
The event, which is held in the grounds of Shepshed High School, will run from 11am until 4pm on Saturday, June 20, in association with the Nottingham Building Society.
Young Innovators honoured at glittering ceremony
Some of the brightest young school children in the area showed off their many skills in a glittering ceremony at Loughborough College.
Young Innovators Challenge finalists are revealed
Global technology company 3M has once again teamed up with the Loughborough Echo for the competition, which aims to inspire the next generation of original thinkers.
Bank holiday weekend events guide
Rothley
Find out what's happening across Loughborough and Charnwood this coming week.
Serenade choir to perform Music and Memories
Due to popular demand extra dates, and venues, have been added to the programme, which will see some of the concerts raising money for charity.
Find out what is happening across Charnwood each day this week.
Tasty creations on show from Young Innovators
The competition is part of the 3M Young Innovators Challenge which is organised by the Loughborough-based global technology company 3M and supported by the Loughborough Echo.
Neighbourhood Watch co-ordinators meet
Pc Phil Martindale the Dedicated Neighbourhood Officer gave out the last 30 days crime statistics with the emphasis that thefts from vehicles was still a county-wide problem.
Musical About Musicals to entertain at High School
Buster is a dreamer from the small American town of Karaoke. Like most people, he has a day job, but it does not fuel that passion - only Broadway could do that.
What's On Guide for Charnwood this week
All the latest events and activities in the Charnwood area this coming week.
What's On Guide for Charnwood
Find out what events and activities are happening locally this coming week.
Find out what events and activities are taking place in Charnwood this week.
Headline act named for Shepshed Show
Laura Hoult, organiser of the event, told the Echo: "The Shepshed Show committee had a difficult task ahead when they began planning for this year's event on June 20 at Shepshed High School."
Shepshed craft fair is a big success
The Shepshed Craft Fair, which is about celebrating local people's talents, took place on Saturday, February 28.
Business fair is hailed a success
It was organised by local MP Nicky Morgan and Coun Christine Radford and was sponsored by Urgo Medical which is based in the town.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Roku players are loved by everyone for their simple setup, user-friendly interface and tons of streaming services they offer. They steal the spotlight by providing many channels such as Amazon, Netflix, Crackle(www.crackle.com/activate) and many more which other competitors fail to provide.
If you are using an Old TV, Roku Express+ is probably a suitable choice because the device will come with analog AV cable complete with red, white and yellow plugs (Need not worry, HDMI ports are also available).
As said earlier, it is the best choice to stream some of the big names like YouTube, Hulu and more.
The only drawback of using this device is, you will not be able to connect with an Ethernet connection.
Connect your TV and device with the HDMI cable or AV cable and it depends on your television type.
As soon as you switch on the television and Roku Express+, you will be able to see the Roku logo on screen or a red light in front of the device.
Now it's time for you to choose a language and tap on the Ok button to move forward in the device setup.
You need to pick the wireless network from the network list available and tap on the WEP or WPA passphrase to connect.
If you can't find your network, you can just tap on Scan again to see all networks option.
Moving forward, tap on the Connect option once you are done typing your password.
When your hook up Roku express plus on the wireless network, the most recent software available will download without your consent.
Reboot the streaming device and proceed with the remaining process to complete the Roku setup in a successful manner.
You can either tap on the Set display type option for proper display resolution. Let your device to identify the best resolution by itself. If you want to set up the Display after completing the process, you have to tap on Settings and also click Display type.
First of all, generate a Roku account to activate and link your Roku Express plus. The account is very necessary to get hold of your channel purchases and the devices you own.
The directives for Roku Express plus device activation will be shown on your television itself. You will be able to witness the Roku activation code which you should enter in the website roku.com/link. For this, make use of your mobile phone or computer. Type the code on the webpage and find useful prompts for a successful device activation.
Gear up to stream some of the best on-demand contents on your favorite Roku Express plus.


UNC-Chapel Hill student Brent Comstock, who is majoring in business and religion studies, is CEO of BCom Solutions, Managing Director of the CarolinaGo mobile app and Student Entrepreneur in Residence at Launch Chapel Hill. He first shared this reflection of the Adobe rollout on his social media channels.
When I first arrived at Carolina, I did what any other freshman would do: sign up for everything and overburden myself with the hopes of finding my place on campus. This was especially important for me as I struggled with the fact that my freshman dorm housed more people than my entire hometown.
One of the "projects" I signed up for was establishing a better partnership between the Information Technology Services department and the student body. At first, this took place within a student government role. As the responsibilities grew, however, I decided to spend much of my college career working to provide better technology access to everyone campus.
Over a year ago, several students and administrators began asking about Adobe Creative Cloud. Like any university or large institution, you have to identify a need and a benefit before you can go any further. While the idea of "Photoshop for everyone" sounded great, buy-in and proven use of the platform was the key.
I began working in 2015 with Chris Kielt, UNC-Chapel Hill's CIO and Vice Chancellor for Information Technology, to identify needs of students and staff on campus. The question we were really addressing: can Creative Cloud be integrated into every aspect of campus life? While I was the voice of students on this topic, I also began conversations with my professors about how they could use the leading creative suite to build projects and curriculum that would not only challenge the students, but also give them the opportunity to learn software platforms used by professionals every single day.
As I began asking around campus, I realized what an incredible opportunity this could be. I had seen the effects of this type of deployment in other areas, particularly at the University of Nebraska, where my company, BCom Solutions, sourced many interns.
Over the last three years at UNC-Chapel Hill, I have grown to develop a great working relationship with Chris and his team. This project, like all of our other projects, would require buy in and proper implementation from every area of campus. Of course, the important thing to me was ensuring we had students who would use the platform.
Chris and a team of University leaders began to discuss the topic more in early 2016, and a real spark was lit when Adobe facilitated a visit to Clemson to check out the "Adobe effect" on their campus. On the surface, the Creative Cloud is a design platform for creative designers. Clemson, though, took this to a new level by building digital labs, classes and student opportunities around the Adobe suite. After all, if you don't use it, you lose it, right?
Upon returning from our Clemson visit, different leaders on campus began to seriously look at the opportunity.
When I left campus in May, we were still in the conversation phase among different entities. And, like most University functions, I didn't expect an urgent deployment anytime soon. I was proven wrong when Chris called me right around my birthday in June and asked if I could get written support from students on campus. Boy could I. I swiftly prepared a letter from student tech leaders on campus voicing our support for the new initiative. From there, everything seemed to fall in place.
Now, I must say that I had a very limited view to the actual negotiation of the deal since I am only a student, but in my opinion, this is maybe the fastest deployment of a software platform that I've ever seen.
In the fall of 2016, Adobe Creative Cloud was made available to all students. I was given the task of sharing the launch on social media. For someone who loves technology, I had a certain level of anxiety when given the keys to UNC-Chapel Hill's thousands of social media followers. We promoted the launch on Facebook, Snapchat, email and Twitter. Additionally, many areas of campus announced or even helped students and staff get the suite set up on their computers.
The great thing about launching this program has been the creativity that sparked within many people and areas of campus. Professors are building digital literacy components into their curriculum, students are learning applicable skills to the real world and organizations and departments on campus have access to an incredible set of digital resources.
The most exciting part of the story is that we're just skimming the surface here. While I won't be at Carolina next year to watch the initiative grow, I can't wait to see what happens next.


text:
02 Oct / 2011Program by: Sasi
Featured: Aayush Patel interviewed by SasiLanguage: English
Miya Mahadev
Miya Mahadev a film about friendship, compassion, Human Unity, social responsibility and values is about friendship between a Hindu and a Muslim living in the walled city in Ahmedebad.
The film directed by three Charted Accountancy students; Aayush Patel, Mit Jani & Prateek Gupta is a portrait of two strong characters, who through their friendship, influenced the community. The harmony, mutual respect and love shared between these two friends had become an example for the community, which is made up of people of diverse religions and cultures
. Though a first attempt for these directors they had managed to capture the pathos and the profundity of the friendship. Here Aayush Patel talks about the initial inspiration for the film, the parts played by the three directors, the producers, the hurdles they faced and about the final out come. So if one needs to need more after listening to this interview it is recommended that you watch the film to get its full worth. http://vimeo.com/24769413
Human Unity
in Share


Recognition Status: Master's-level music therapists are eligible to apply as a Licensed Creative Arts Therapist (LCAT) under the State Board for Mental Health Practitioners. Unlicensed music therapists are allowed to practice within a scope identified by the state.
Task Force Status: Respond to questions regarding music therapy practice without the state license (Licensed Creative Arts Therapist, or LCAT); task force secured a letter of clarification from the Office of the Professions regarding the practice of music therapy by unlicensed MTs, as well as a clarification letter from the New York State Education Department regarding recognition of music therapy as a related service under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)). Monitor Mental Health Practitioners Board meetings and NY Coalition of Creative Arts Therapists (NYCCAT) activities. Monitor social media postings to correct/address misinformation on practice of music therapists relating to NYS law and regulation. Ongoing monitoring of legislation that relates to the LCAT. Legislative issues being monitored include insurance coverage for mental health services, newly implemented mandatory continuing education requirements, possible addition of "diagnosis" to definition of creative arts therapy. Provided 5-hour CMTE courses (3 hours of which met the ethics requirement for recertification) at the 5 higher education institutions offering music therapy programs recognized by New York state for the existing licensure (LCAT). Developing advocacy strategies for securing co-sponsors for SB 5264 (same as A10194), a tiered license for recognition of music therapy as a profession. Held their first Hill Day in Albany on June 6, 2018, with close to 50 music therapists, interns, and students. Speakers included Senate sponsor Rich Funke, Assembly sponsor Michaelle Solages, and Executive Secretary of the NYS Board for Mental Health Practitioners David Hamilton. Meetings held with more than 32 Senate and Assembly members and staffers.


text:
Land trust group needs help to rebuild research dock after Matthew
Hurricane left key biological field station twisted, mangled, organization says
By News4Jax.com Staff
JACKSONVILLE, Fla. - North Florida Land Trust lost an important part of its biological field station on Big Talbot Island during Hurricane Matthew.
The 300-foot dock that provided critical water access for researchers and educators was twisted and destroyed in the storm. Now NFLT must come up with more than $40,000 to replace the structure and the organization is asking for the public's help.
"Researchers to the Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve were able to use that dock in order to access the water to conduct their work," said Jim McCarthy, executive director of NFLT. "The Florida Master Naturalist Program used it for educational purposes and it was the launching point for our interpretative kayak tours. It was a critical part of our field station and we are now hoping we can raise enough money to replace it."
The dock was located at the Talbot House Biological Field Station on Houston Avenue on Big Talbot Island. In addition to the research work, the dock was the kayak launch during the group's annual fundraisers, like the upcoming Salt Marsh Brewgrass Festival on Nov. 19. NFLT is evaluating alternative options for a kayak launch for the festival.
If you would like to help with the rebuilding of the dock, you can donate online at http://www.northfloridalandtrust.org/matthewdamage/, send your donation for the dock to 2038 Gilmore St., Jacksonville, FL 32204 or contact Jim McCarthy at 904-479-1967 or at jmccarthy@northfloridalandtrust.org.
In addition to the dock, Talbot House lost many trees in the storm. NFLT's headquarters on Gilmore Street in Riverside also suffered damage. It had several large tree branches come down and a large tree in the river-friendly garden is now leaning and will have to be removed. NFLT is thankful that no one in its land trust family suffered any personal losses during the storm.
FDLE looking into complaint that state CFO broke the law
Man accused of killing teen internet personality charged with murder
National Hot Dog Day: So what's actually in a hot dog?
US drug overdose deaths fell slightly in 2018
Amazon Prime Day bigger than Black Friday, Cyber Monday combined


Continue to highlight its affordable accommodation to travellers from Europe.
Golden Sands Hotel Apartments, a part of AA Al Moosa Enterprises with hotel apartments in the region, will continue to highlight its affordable accommodation to travellers from Europe as the team attends this year's ITB Berlin in March.
A must-attend event for Golden Sands Hotel Apartments, ITB plays a key role in promoting the property to the European market especially the German market which has always been one of GSHA's top five markets.
Mohammed Khoori, general manager, along with his sales team will meet with decision makers and business partners to share key developments and strategies such as the new loyalty scheme that will be introduced to guests this year and an update on GSHA's website to ensure that it is user-friendly and guests can book easily, offering special deals to loyalty members.
Golden Sands continues to participate at key travel and trade exhibitions such as ITB because it is an ideal platform to meet with decision makers and partners to discuss contracts as well as market feedback and trends. Topics for discussion this year are very interesting with high-ranking speakers providing an in-depth look at future and current trends in the hospitality industry which hoteliers in the region can use to create effective and successful marketing strategies.
ITB Berlin is the global travel industry's leading trade show. In 2016 over 10,000 companies and organisations from 187 countries exhibited their products and services to 180,000 visitors, including 120,000 trade visitors.


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How to take good photos with your iPhone.
I'm going to be honest. I'm not how I used to be when it comes to taking blog photos. I used to always carry my giant DSLR even if I was going on a coffee run or to my job site, just incase I had a photo opp for the blog. I'd ask anyone and everyone from Wesley Mason to my contractor to take my outfit photos with the DSLR. Now? I'm getting lazy. I'm getting old, too busy, and carrying my giant DSLR is…heavy. I now just carry my mini canon camera that takes amazing photos but sometimes, I forget to even take that so I've been taking some of my blog photos with my iPhone. Here's a quick tip on how to take good iPhone photos and make them instagram worthy: It's all about the lighting and the background. My wonderful and even lazier sister Dani (aka @songdani) took these photos around 2pm when the sun was super strong. Usually, I like to shoot during the golden hour since the lighting is so pretty and it's the ideal lighting if you're shooting portraits or landscape photos. However, when the sun is strong like it is in these photos, they create really fun shadows and the best way to highlight the shadows would be capturing them on a simple wall like this one. Even if you don't have a colorful wall near you, try a simple white background. It will make your photos more interesting if you play with shadows. This shot was taken during the golden hour around 5pm. See how much softer the image looks compare to the above images? I happened to be in this area tat that time so I took advantage of it and posed by a pretty background on Melrose. and when you want to just showcase something, think simple. It doesn't have to be a crazy cool background. The simple black brick wall made the perfect photo backdrop for us because I think this photo describes our completely different style so well.
Do you guys have any great tips on how to take better photos especially with your phone?
Need workout gear? Try these pieces.
1stdibs' New Manhattan Office is My Dream Office.


Yesterday Riot Games announced that a three-day online tournament mode for League of Legends named as "CLASH" is going to start from May 25. During this tournament mode players will be able to gather four friends and then compete across single-elimination games every other week on Friday, Saturday, and Sunday and after completing the game they will be able to get rewards such as logos and banners for wins and trophies for becoming tournament champions. A detail explanation about the needs and deeds of the tournament is provided in this video mentioned below.
During the tournament from day one of each tournament will consist of a four-team bracket. And after your initial play if you advance further and your team comes out on top then you will progress to next level which will be having an eight-team bracket on day two, and then a sixteen-team bracket on day three. Further before heading to the game you will be able to see your opponents stats and top picks, and there will be no locked champions.
Every player needs to spend a Clash Ticket to be able to participate in the tournament, and these tickets can be earned by completing missions or buy it using Blue Essence or Riot Points. However, to participate in the tournament you must have a rank in Summoner's Rift and should have Honor level 2. You can also change your team name and choose a custom banner for each tournament. You will be matched with other opponents based on the ranks of the players in your team and it will be depending more on the rank of your team's top player.
The banners and trophies are supposedly the rewards in League of Legends which will drop in your lane to mark your area and the trophies will be displayed at your Nexus for two weeks after your victory in the tournament. You will be able to create your team from 21st May onwards. More more details please visit their Website.


text:
Trailer Rams into Centenary Bank Branch in Bugiri
Bugiri, Uganda
The accident occurred at around 4 a.m. on Monday morning, when the trailer registration number UBD 091C/UBD 669H lost control and rammed into the building located on Grant street, along the Iganga-Tororo Highway. It destroyed the waiting area, Cash tills, and the manager's office.
Wambuzi Reacheal
Crime Misc
The wreckage of the trailer accident which rammed into Centenary bank, Bugiri branch on Monday morning.
A trailer has rammed into the Centenary Bank Branch in Bugiri, destroying the entire building and furniture.
A bank employee who spoke on condition of anonymity says that there were no human casualties. "Although it occurred early when some of the bank staff like cleaners and guards are around, none of them was injured, but we only suffered damage to physical property," he says.
"The incident did not cause harm to any of our customers, or staff as the bank was closed. All our personnel are safe and accounted for including the security team on duty at the branch at the time," the bank said in a statement signed by Beatrice Lugalambi, the General Manager Corporate Communications and Marketing.
Police have cordoned off the area and restricted entry to only detectives and selected bank staff to carry on with investigations. It is said that the trailer was transporting cement from Tororo district when the accident occurred.
James Mubi, the Busoga East police spokesperson says that a driver whose identities have been withheld was arrested at 9 a.m. to aid investigations into the cause of the accident. According to Mubi, the driver is being probed for drunken driving and over speeding.
As a result of the accident, Centenary Bank has advised it's customers in Bugiri to access service through alternative channels including CenteMobile, AgentBanking, CenteVoucher, Online banking and CenteVisa. Some of the CenteAgents are already stationed at the branch to offer service.
Bugiri Busoga East Mubi Tororo UBD police spokesperson
accusation area bank building caravan cleaner damage driver property town trailer village


text:
Q: Redirect specific routes to page if they don't exist with laravel 4 I have a route that needs to be redirected to another page if the data they're pulling doesn't exist. The route is:
Route::get('{link}/{data}', 'LinkController@getLink');

Where {link} and {data} are model bound with:
Route::model('link', 'Link');
Route::model('data', 'Data');

As is, when the data for this link doesn't exist it 404's, and if it does exist, it's taken to the page as it should. What I would like to do is redirect to another page if the link would otherwise 404. I've found suggestions on how to do this globally, but I only want it to happen on this one route.
Any ideas?

A: // Link Controller

public function getLink($linkId, $dataId)
{
  if ( is_null($link) or is_null($data) ) {
    return Redirect::to('some/path');
  }
}

If either of the passed models are null when it hits your controller method, just redirect them. As for your /{link} route that you refer to but don't show code for, do something similar in whatever closure/controller you handle that in.

A: Get rid of the model binding - you've left the cookie cutter realm.
Route::get('{link}/{data?}', 'LinkController@getLink');
// note I made the data ^ parameter optional
// not sure if you want to use it like this but it's worth pointing out

Do all of the model checking in the controller, something like this:
public function getLink($linkId, $dataId)
{
  $link = Link::find($linkId);
  $data = Data::find($dataId);

  if(is_null($link)){
    throw new NotFoundHttpException;// 404
  }
  elseif(is_null($data)){
    return Redirect::to('some/view');// redirect
  }
  // You could also check for both not found and handle that case differently as well.
}

It's hard to tell from your comments exactly how you'd like to treat missing link and/or data records, but I'm sure you can figure that out logically. The point of this answer is that you don't need to use Laravel's model binding since you can do it yourself: find the record(s) else redirect or 404.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


What happened to dialectical materialism? It was once a vigorous philosophy of science, an alternative to the two other dominant schools: logical positivism and phenomenology. The last two have continued to mutate, evolve, and flourish, but dialectical materialism has retreated into the shadows, no longer even used as a sparring partner by most academic philosophers of science (a role sometimes still played by neo-Thomism). But dialectical materialism has not been abandoned; it has merely been reprinted. Publishers have released new editions of classics in the field by Christopher Caudwell, J. D. Bernal, J. B. S. Haldane, and others.
Helena Sheehan's Marxism and the Philosophy of Science is a release of another order. This volume, first published in 1985 and reissued in 1993 (after the dissolution of the Soviet Union), has now been reprinted by Verso in its Radical Thinkers series, largely unchanged from the 1993 version except for the addition of a new afterword. Sheehan's book remains the single best secondary analysis of the debates over Marxist philosophy of science from its creation in the late nineteenth century – largely by Friedrich Engels in Anti-Dühring (1878) and Dialectics of Nature (posthumously published in 1927 in the Soviet Union) – until the close of World War II. It is an indispensable reference to the polyglot efflorescence of dialectical materialist thought across Europe, with especial emphasis on writings in German, Russian, and English, though she impressively ventures even farther afield. It is essential reading for anyone interested in these questions.
Many such readers may perhaps already have come across it in a library. It bears revisiting. Opening the book catapults the reader back to the mid-1980s and a world where Marxism – including its philosophy of science – occupied a very different place. In her acknowledgments, Sheehan rolls off the eleven countries she visited in the course of her original research (vii). Depending on whether you believe today's Federal Republic of Germany is the same place as the "West Germany," as many as five of those countries no longer exist. Already in 1993 she had revised the core of the text to remove references to a sequel she had resolved to set aside unwritten, and already then, less than a decade after initial publication, the changes in the surrounding context were evident. Her new afterword (441) mentions she was inspired to revisit these topics after a conference at Princeton in 2006 (coincidentally co-organized by me); she has not revised the main text. Instead, trapped as in amber, we see the excitement of a sharp mind from the 1980s reaching back to the interwar period for inspiration among the early pioneers of dialectical materialism.
The book is organized in five chapters, the first two organized temporally by generation, the last two spatially by geography; the middle chapter serves as a bridge. Sheehan begins with Engels, sketching out his formulation of dialectical materialism. Her account is as clear as it can be given that Engels himself deployed a highly specific Hegelian terminology and had not finished Dialectics of Nature before he died. The potential inconsistencies within that work and between that work and Anti-Dühring, not to mention the rest of the Marx/Engels corpus, animate a good deal of the intellectual history that follows. Sheehan defends Engels from his (many) detractors, arguing that the principles he laid allowed for the development of a multifaceted, robust, non-dogmatic materialist philosophy of contemporary science: "What is significant in Engels is his fundamental orientation. His contribution lay in sketching the broad outlines of a processive, antireductionist and humanist materialism; in an integrated way of thinking that bridged the gap between rationalism and empiricism, between organicism and materialism, between humanism and naturalism" (47).
The second chapter follows the debates over philosophy of science into the broader (largely Germanophone) community of the Second International. Dialectical materialism was not necessarily the obvious philosophy of science for this group, and not only because Dialectics of Nature was yet to appear. Revisionist Marxists like Eduard Bernstein – the steward of Engels's manuscript who received a noncommittal endorsement from Albert Einstein in favor of publication for the sake of intellectual history – were strongly shaped by a resurgent neo-Kantianism at the turn of the century, and this doctrine vied with the empiricism of Ernst Mach (which Sheehan defers to chapter 3) for the epistemologically inclined. Another important reason for the heterogeneity of views was the transformation in the sciences which graced the moment: special and general relativity, atomism, quantum theory, genetics (and eugenics), psychoanalysis, and more.
The reader is next introduced to the Russian context, and to the second most important thinker in the main line of dialectical-materialist thought: Vladimir Lenin. Lenin's Materialism and Empirio-Criticism (1909) was a full-throated attack on Ernst Mach's philosophy – itself later the inspiration for logical positivism, the leading school of the philosophy of science for the twentieth century – and its many adherents. Sheehan deftly untangles the various strands of Russian Marxist thought and situates Lenin in this milieu. With the October Revolution of 1917, the leading exponent of dialectical materialism became the head of state of the world's largest country.
Chapter 4 forms the core of Sheehan's historical narrative, and both the arc of the longer history and its eventual tragedy become evident. In the factionalization of Soviet philosophers in the 1920s, one sees in precise outline for the first time the essential tensions in Engels's thought that had enabled the fruitful diversity of dialectical-materialist viewpoints. Engels's philosophy was resolutely materialist in ontology, but it was also strongly shaped by Hegelian dialectics. Two different camps grabbed one of the horns and pulled as hard as they could. The so-called "mechanists" argued that the increasingly explicit Hegelianism of their arch-rival Abram M. Deborin veered into idealism when he claimed that dialectics existed actually in nature as opposed to being a human-created explanation of complex material processes. Deborin, in turn, criticized the mechanists as naïve. This conflict happened primarily in the philosophy of science because, as Sheehan astutely notes (180), the mechanists drew Deborin onto their own turf. No matter: by the end of the 1920s, the "Deborinites" had concentrated control of most academic philosophy in their hands – until the Great Break, when Joseph Stalin, otherwise largely uninterested in the philosophy of science, intervened. Now Deborinism was categorized as "menshevizing idealism," and the mechanists and the Debornites were painted as the analogs to the right (Bukharin) and left (Trotsky) deviations, respectively. Soviet philosophy of science stagnated into rote invocation of classic texts, paving the way for the rise of agronomist Trofim Lysenko's campaign against genetics in the mid-1930s. This chapter largely accounts for the dingy reputation of dialectical materialism in later years.
Some redemption appears in chapter 5, relating how communists outside the Soviet Union approached dialectical materialism. After an extended discussion of the limited science-related passages in Karl Korsch and Gyorgy Lukács, neither of whom appeals to Sheehan as especially generative, she devotes much more attention to Antonio Gramsci and especially Christopher Caudwell, whom she admires greatly. There are probably as many pages devoted to Caudwell as to Lenin, which struck me as particularly odd since Caudwell's impact was not felt until many years after he died young in 1937 in the Spanish Civil War, and is to some degree still ongoing.
Sheehan ends her jam-packed narrative with its hundreds of characters in 1945, which makes sense pragmatically but is historically unfortunate for two main reasons. The first is the aforementioned Lysenko. When Sheehan leaves him, the conflict between his "Michurinists" and the so-called "Mendelian" geneticists was still a pitched battle, with neither on top. In 1948, as is well known, Stalin endorsed Lysenko's neo-Lamarckian hereditary theory and largely proscribed genetics until Lysenko lost his dominant control of Soviet biology in 1965. The demarche of 1948 was a watershed for Marxist philosophy of science. Some, like Haldane, left the Communist Party of Great Britain two years later in (silent) protest; others, such as Bernal, doubled down on the Party line. The implications of Lysenko's rise (and his fall) shape any reception of dialectical materialism, and it is regrettable that reasons of space constrain a treatment of its unfolding. Nonetheless, Sheehan's condemnation of Stalinism, and Lysenkoism, is explicit: "It may be that the longer run is bringing the perspective denied to it by the short run, and that the martyrs of science are faring better than their accusers, bringing Vavilov to triumph at least posthumously over Lysenko. But things have not yet been set right and it is an episode that is far from over" (236). In the second afterword she gives references to recent scholarship providing a deeper contextualization (439).
Second, as is obvious through Sheehan's footnotes and commentary, the postwar era was in many ways a new golden age of diverse Marxist thought about epistemology and ontology. Caudwell's and Gramsci's receptions are part of this, but so are the Althusserians (for whom Sheehan has little patience) and anti-Marxist intellectual historians like Leszek Kołakowski. The diversity of views within Eastern European philosophy is a particularly rich vein to mine for alternative visions of dialectical materialism. I wish Sheehan had seen her way to writing that sequel.
Does the book hold up well over thirty years after its original publication? As a guide to the major writers and their views the answer is: absolutely. Yet two analytical choices that Sheehan made in 1985 give the book, upon rereading, a rather strange cast in light of the practice of intellectual history, itself renascent in our new century.
The first concerns the definition of "science," or rather Sheehan's not providing one. If we are not clear on what "science" is – for the author, for the various thinkers in the book – it necessarily follows that we cannot sharply understand the boundaries of "philosophy of science." For the Soviet case, Sheehan hews very close to a narrow delineation of the philosophy of science, for those debates there were explicitly tagged within that subfield. For the Second International and the Comintern periods, however, it is often unclear why the reader needs, for example, to follow many pages on Korsch's dialectic when the link to "science" is tenuous. Although the ideas she chronicles are fascinating, she does not spend much effort explaining why philosophy of science – as opposed to, say, political philosophy or aesthetics – warrants special attention.
The stakes of the philosophy would be clearer if there were more close readings of specific transformations in the sciences, such as quantum theory. (The discussion of Lenin's views of matter vis-à-vis contemporary physics on 134-5 is a great example; there could be more of this.) Part of the reason philosophy of science mattered to these thinkers was that science had started to matter to the modern world in a more dramatic way than before. The boundary between what would later be called the "natural sciences" and the "social sciences" was first negotiated by these intellectuals, as were the characteristics that several among them judged made "scientific socialism" scientific. This material is, to some degree, already in Sheehan's omnivorous scholarship, but it remains partially obscured by journeys down other byways.
My final point concerns what Sheehan intends by the "critical history" of her subtitle. We certainly get a history, and we also get criticism; I am less certain that we get both together. Sheehan has definite intellectual and personal commitments and she often gets into the trenches and argues with the historical actors. This makes the philosophy more vivid, but at the cost of some historical perspective. We do not always appreciate why the various thinkers held the views they did on their own terms. Sheehan does treat neo-Kantianism's postulates, but we receive little more than a glance at phenomenology or pragmatism; because we do not see the engagements of these writers outside of Marxism, we can only grasp their significance within a Marxist lineage, which is necessarily a retrospective glance.
Since the framework is partially retrospective, the account demands a more explicit articulation of Sheehan's views about the Marxism of her day – whether in 1979 when she left the party, 1985 when she published the first edition, 1993 when she revised it, or last year when she reissued the text. Nonetheless, this volume (and Verso by reprinting it) provides a great service in bringing some unfairly neglected thinkers to center stage, ready for a new engagement with dialectical materialism's legacy and its potential future.
Thank you for a most intriguing and interesting review.
I was much struck by your comments on the "two analytical choices" that the author of the book made. Both are of great importance in my view.
I would very much appreciate it if I could succeed in enticing you, as an experienced professional in the field, to offer your view of what "science" is.
In order to provoke you I will offer my very simple-minded view of what "science" is.
In my view "science" is simply correct knowledge, of the world around us and of ourselves. This sound knowledge is knowledge acquired in a particular manner and is finally and most securely confirmed by social practice.
I should qualify my comments by saying that in English, at least, the word "science" has at least 3 different connotations. Firstly, as used above it may refer to the certain, well established knowledge in science. Examples are: the rules of mechanical dynamics, evolutionary biology, thermodynamics. Secondly, the word "science" is also used to mean the practice of scientific investigation. This is and has always been a social activity and is studied by historians and social scientists. Thirdly, it is often used when talking about "scientists". These people are of course members of a specific geographical and historical society and are best studied as part of their society.
Haven't read the book, but this review is mostly a history of ideas, partly a political history, with a bit of reference to the impact of the scientific developments. In other words, the review is not historical materialist. Specifically, where is even a hint here of the main issue: the uses of science in capital accumulation and even more importantly the new contradiction in capital accumulation as a result of scientific advance?
I do not find any reference to or discussion of two very important works on the subject, viz McCarthy's Marx' (Springer, 1988) and Patrick Murray's Humanities Press, 1988) in Sheehan. Could Prof Gordon say something on this omission?
I am sorry. In the cut-and-paste process, the titles of the books got omitted.
George McCarthy's Marx' Critique of Science and Positivism. Springer 1988.
Patrick Murray: Marx's Theory of Scientific Knowledge.
Check the dates. The reviewer points out that the book was written in 1985 and that this is its second reissue. Thus it would contain no references to works written three years after its publication. Rather, the question should be whether McCarthy and Murray were thorough enough to refer to Sheehan.
Thank you for your comment. Sheehan's book was revised and reissued in 1993, five years after McCarthy's and Murray's books. It is the revised edition that has been reprinted by Verso and reviewed by Gordin. When an author is revising her work, she is expected to take note of the important contributions made to the subject during the interim, the interval between 1983 and 1993. I had only expressed my surprise at this omission.


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text:
package mikrotik

import (
	"fmt"

	api "github.com/Netwurx/routeros-api-go"
)

type Resource struct {
	Uptime  string
	Version string
	CpuLoad string
	// CpuLoad uint8
}

type Ethernet struct {
	Name string
}

// chain=input action=accept protocol=tcp src-address-list=adminList in-interface=ether1-gateway dst-port=22
// jump-target=hs-unauth hotspot=from-client,!auth reject-with=tcp-reset
// src-address=194.183.186.0/24 dst-address=194.183.186.0/24
// connection-state=established,related
// connection-state=new connection-nat-state=!dstnat
type FirewallFilter struct {
	ID             uint16
	Name           string
	Chain          string
	Action         string
	Protocol       string
	SrcAddressList string
	DstAddressList string
	SrcAddress     string
	DstAddress     string
	InInterface    string
	DstPort        string
	hotspot        string
	JumpTarget     string
	RejectWith     string
}

// GetResource return mikrotik resource
// free-hdd-space:8380416 architecture-name:smips cpu:MIPS 24Kc V7.4 cpu-frequency:650 total-memory:33554432 bad-blocks:0 version:6.33 (stable) free-memory:7995392 cpu-load:0 total-hdd-space:16777216 platform:MikroTik build-time:Nov/06/2015 12:49:27 cpu-count:1 write-sect-total:10339 board-name:hAP lite uptime:11h45m40s write-sect-since-reboot:865
func GetResource(c *api.Client) (r Resource, err error) {
	res, err := c.Call("/system/resource/getall", nil)
	if err != nil {
		return r, err
	}
	r.Uptime = res.SubPairs[0]["uptime"]
	r.Version = res.SubPairs[0]["version"]
	r.CpuLoad = res.SubPairs[0]["cpu-load"]
	// r. = res.SubPairs[0][""]
	// r. = res.SubPairs[0][""]
	// r. = res.SubPairs[0][""]
	return r, nil
}

func GetInterface(c *api.Client) {
	// var q c.Query
	// q.Pairs = append(q.Pairs, Pair{Key: "type", Value: "ether", Op: "="})

	// res, err := c.Query("/interface/print", q)
	// if err != nil {
	// 	fmt.Printf("GetInterface ERROR: %v\n", err.Error())
	// }
	// if len(res.SubPairs) <= 1 {
	fmt.Println("Did not get multiple SubPairs from interface query")
	// }
	// fmt.Printf("%v\n", res)
}

func GetEthernet(e string, c *api.Client) (eth Ethernet, err error) {
	getEtherAddrs := api.NewPair("interface", e)
	getEtherAddrs.Op = "="
	var q api.Query
	q.Pairs = append(q.Pairs, *getEtherAddrs)
	q.Proplist = []string{"address"}

	res, err := c.Query("/ip/address/print", q)
	if err != nil {
		return eth, err
	}

	for _, v := range res.SubPairs {
		for _, sv := range v {
			fmt.Printf("address: %v\n", sv)
		}
	}
	return eth, nil
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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text:
Ricardian Growth Is Fragile, Schumpeterian Growth Is Anti-Fragile
Capitalism works well when activity is undertaken using David Ricardo's law of comparative advantage and Joseph Schumpeter's process of creative destruction. Charles argues that an era of Ricardian growth for many countries and industries is running out of road and the drivers of Schumpeterian economic transformation are shifting.
The Screws Tighten On SOE Debts
China's central authorities are ramping up their campaign to deal with hidden local-government debt, rolling out new rules and high-level political instructions. In this piece, Xiaoxi explains how this scrutiny will produce more defaults by state-backed firms, but also hopefully clarify the problematic legacy of implicit sovereign guarantees.
The Global Pivot To The Indo-Pacific
The Indo-Pacific is at the heart of global geopolitics today. The US, UK, and European Union are all shifting their attention east. Tom argues that the new treatment of the Indian and Pacific Oceans as a single, connected space reflects a key shift in managing China's regional power. The impact will be felt in both strategic and economic terms.
The US Doesn't Need A Wealth Tax
Louis had feared that the US would follow France in imposing a wealth tax on its citizens. But it turns out it doesn't have to, as the US is now embracing a combination of economic policies that seem set to destroy the capital base of rich Americans. This will have implications for asset holders and the value of the US dollar.
The Steel Price Squeeze Is Here To Stay
China's iron and steel prices have broken through their post-financial crisis highs, the result of strong domestic demand, constrained international supply and government plans to curb steel production. In this report, Rosealea explains why prices are likely to remain elevated but slowing demand growth should keep them from rising further.
Biden's Tech War
The US has changed generals in its tech war against China, but that has not brought a respite in the campaign. President Joe Biden is deploying many of the same sanctions used by the Trump administration, while also looking to invest in extending the US technological lead. In this piece, Dan surveys the state of play in the US-China tech war.
The Broader Risk Of Semiconductor Shortages
Today's semiconductor supply constraints are structural in nature, and affect many industries, not just automobile production. In this piece, Vincent argues that if chip shortages start to cause cascading disruption along the Asian electronics value chain, the region's export engine may stall. In turn, that will cast doubt on the strength of Asian equities and currencies.
The Meteoric Rise Of Mutual Funds
The size of China's equity mutual-fund industry has doubled over the past year, a sharp rise driven by policy shifts and strong performance. While fund performance and fundraising has suffered in 2021, Thomas argues that mutual funds can still help increase the role of institutional investors in China's volatile, retail-dominated equity markets.
How To Make The Rich Properly Rich
On Monday Charles argued that abnormally low interest rates act to make the poor poorer and the rich (seemingly) richer. Armed with this conviction he worked with our quant team in Paris to look more closely at the impact of such a monetary policy on holders of equities, discovering a decision rule which enhances equity returns and protects against drawdowns.
The Antitrust Net Widens
China's antitrust crackdown on its internet sector is just getting started. Earlier this month, regulators brought in 34 major internet platforms and made clear that abusive business practices will no longer be tolerated. In this report, Ernan explains why firms still focused on trying to outwit the system could suffer disproportionately.
Curing The Coal Addiction
China's reliance on coal is a major hurdle to its goal of reaching carbon neutrality by 2060. The country is gradually improving its energy mix; however, despite these efforts, Rosealea argues that China's appetite for coal and continued dependence on the energy-intensive construction complex mean that its green transition will be slow and painful.
Low Rates Are Socially Regressive
Policymakers around the world believe that ultra-low rates are good for growth, and are therefore good for standards of living among the poorest in society. Charles has long argued this view is a fallacy. In this paper he demonstrates that under ultra-low interest rates, the poor get poorer in real terms. This has both political and investment implications.
Covid's Legacy Of Corporate Debt
Covid-19 will leave a legacy of debt—corporate as well as sovereign. An increase in borrowing has raised fears: both of a wave of job-destroying corporate bankruptcies if government support is withdrawn, and of the creation of a legion of zombie companies if it is not. Cedric examines the situation in France, which accounted for half of the eurozone's increase in corporate debt last year, and finds the true picture is less alarming than it first...
The Next Move In Bond Yields
Where are China's government bond yields headed next? Policy and economic fundamentals point downward, but local investors fear rising inflation and leverage could still push yields up. In this piece, Wei argues the risk of a spike in yields is fading, and that any upward move would in any case be a buying opportunity.
India's Giant Problem
Having recorded 261,000 Covid infections on Sunday, India has emerged as the worst affected country in the pandemic. Efforts to contain the virus likely mean the IMF's growth forecast of 12.5% this fiscal year is too optimistic. The real economic worry would be India's ability to escape from the structural slowdown that began before the arrival of the pandemic.
Asia Goes Seriously Unconventional
Asian governments reacted to the region's late 1990s crisis by prioritizing export growth, financial stability and external resilience. The result has been two decades of orthodox monetary policy and muted public spending. This began to change with the pandemic's onset and recent moves suggest a deeper embrace of irregular monetary policies.
A Case Study: US Long Bonds
With recent moves at the long end of the US treasury curve causing consternation among investors everywhere, Charles dusts off his decision rules for US long bonds to see what they are telling us about the present state of the market and concludes that it is not yet time to lengthen portfolio duration.
Xiaoxi Zhang, Rosealea Yao
Curbing Mortgage Enthusiasm
China's regulators are strengthening their curbs on the property market as its post-pandemic exuberance continues. In this piece, Xiaoxi and Rosealea explain the central bank's latest moves to curb disguised mortgage lending and cap overall loan growth. The main effect of these controls will be to slow lending to households and cool housing prices.
The Taiwan Risk
With the hardening of the US-China strategic rivalry and technology's central role in that rivalry, the possibility of a war over Taiwan is one which must be considered. In this report, Arthur explains the importance of the island to both countries and concludes that while the risk of war remains low, it is likely to rise in the next several years.
The Digital Renminbi Steps Out
The People's Bank of China is getting closer to rolling out its digital currency, with ever-broader and more public trials of the technology. The focus has been mostly on domestic uses and security issues—but there is more to come. In this piece, Xiaoxi explains what the PBOC is doing to prepare the digital renminbi for use in international trade.


text:
Ray Charles' Children Win Copyright Dispute with the Ray Charles Foundation
by Singersroom January 29, 2013
Ray Charles' children are victorious after battling the Ray Charles Foundation over the ownership of sixty of the late legendary singer's most acclaimed compositions. U.S. District Judge Audrey Collins ruled in favor of the children on the dispute. The judge threw out several claims by the singer's foundation based on the Copyright Act of 1976.
In addition, Judge Collins hit the foundation with a breach of contract over covenant of good faith and fair dealing. The foundation claimed the children of Ray Charles executed an agreement for $500,000 per child in which they waived "any right to make a claim against his estate."
Ray Charles last major appearance was on April 30, 2004, at the dedication of his music studio as a historic landmark in the city of Los Angeles. He died on June 10, 2004 as a result of liver failure.
Taggedray charles
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Paula Abdul 'Excited Beyond Words to be a Part of The X Factor'
Lianne La Havas Announces New Album, 'Blood'; Reveals Cover Art, Track Listing, and Lead Single
The-Dream 'IV Play' Album Teaser 2 (Video)
Chris Brown Performs A Slew Of Hits At iHeartRadio Music Awards
Alicia Keys Goes Global With Streamed World Aids Day Concert
Jamie Foxx 'Hits' Radio Hosts, Admits Claudia Jordan Rumor (Video)


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text:
A major death on 'The 100' sparks massive backlash from queer fans
The 'dead lesbian' trope refuses to die.
Feb 29, 2020, 10:33 am*
Aja Romano
Warning: This article contains major spoilers for Season 3 of The 100.
Last Thursday, a major character death sent shock waves throughout the fandom for the popular CW sci-fi dystopia The 100. But while The 100 has long been known for its brutal, no-one-is-safe approach to killing off main cast members, this character's death hit especially hard—not just for members of the fandom but members of queer communities across the Internet.
Over the weekend, what began as a groundswell of outrage among an already-troubled fandom quickly spread into a major ongoing conversation in fandom communities about the "dead lesbian" trope—a relic of the celluloid closet that has managed to stay alive much longer than the many queer characters who've been killed off in service to it.
One Hundred Billion Story Ideas That Don't Involve You Killing a Queer Woman is a book I'm going to write and give away for free.
— Heather Hogan (@theheatherhogan) March 4, 2016
The 100 is a unique show in many ways. Although it's a CW show, it's not just another teen drama. Its political themes, gripping plot, complex female characters, and deep study of a post-apocalyptic survivalist future have earned it major critical acclaim and an intense fan following. Last season, fans were thrilled when the main character, Clarke, began to develop feelings for another young woman named Lexa.
[Placeholder for http://scmeh.tumblr.com/post/140627908455/shhhh-the-episode-ended-here embed]
Clarke is one of the first canonically bisexual main characters on network television. She follows recent complicated queer leads like House of Card's Frank Underwood and The Good Wife's Kalinda. But The 100 is a geeky genre series, arriving at a time when science fiction and fantasy narratives are being deeply interrogated by fans and challenged to provide greater, more meaningful and diverse representation. For queer fans who are vastly underserved by Hollywood's current dearth of diverse GLBTQ characters, Clarke and Lexa's relationship was a hugely positive thing.
But this season that came to an end. In an episode of The 100 podcast The Dropship, the episode's writer, Javier Grillo-Marxuach, explained that the creative team had to write the character of Lexa out of the show because her actor, Alycia Debnam-Carey, had become a lead on Fear the Walking Dead:
"We considered a lot of different options, including the possibility that killing her would make a political statement that we were not comfortable with. But ultimately when you're talking about this world and the stakes we're dealing with, we genuinely came to the perspective in the writers' room that this death would be the best way for us to, not only write the character out of the show, but protect ourselves against the possibility that we might never see the actor again ….
And honestly I think that in terms of the epic quality of the show … we honestly look at the story as an epic tale of shocking fate and destiny. And, you know, kings tend to not retire from being kings."
Fans acknowledged that Lexa's character might have to go, but heavily criticized the choice to off her the way she went on Thursday's episode: killed by a random stray bullet, leaving Clarke and the fandom heartbroken.
(Sorry, this embed was not found.)
Grillo-Marxuach acknowledged that fans would be "very unhappy" with Lexa's death, but argued that the show's narrative is "the struggle for love and humanity in an atavistic world that only understands conflict" and thus dictated the mode of the actor's departure.
"I can't control or dictate how people are going to react to a character death on the show, and obviously there's a huge spectrum of, outside the narrative bubble of the show in terms of the LGBT representation and all that, that has to be addressed," Grillo-Marxuach said. "The hope that these characters are going to find happiness and joy halfway through the series is a very poignant one, but is in no way borne out by any of the events of the show."
But fans questioned the point of killing Lexa off in a manner that seemed to be so random and haphazard:
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The backlash over Lexa's death has to do not just with the fact that The 100 killed off Lexa, but the manner of her dying. The stray bullet that killed her is eerily similar to the stray bullet that killed Buffy, the Vampire Slayer's Tara, famously ending one of the few recurring lesbian relationships on TV in a maelstrom of tragedy and fandom backlash.
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In the immediate aftermath of Lexa's death, droves of fans compared not only the modes of the two deaths, but the heartbreak they felt as members of queer communities watching this cycle repeat itself. In a series of tweets, Autostraddle editor Heather Hogan expressed how many viewers felt.
What strikes me most is how many people are (rightly) comparing Lexa's death to Tara's, even though I know they're too young for Buffy.
It's not only a reminder that TV doesn't happen in a vacuum, but also that there are so few resonant lesbian storylines…
…that my 37-year-old experience is the same as an 18-year-old's experience because they've gone back and watched everything that mattered.
Our collective queer viewing experience, our entire pop culture canon, is the same across decades and generations.
That's why Lexa hurts almost every queer woman the same way, no matter how old they are or where they're from or any other qualifier.
Straight TV writers will never understand how they can inflict time-traveling wounds that hurt us as scared gay children all over again.
In the annals of cinema and queer history "the dead lesbian" trope can be found it in notable film, theater, and literature dealing with queer characters, from tragic lesbian groundbreaker The Children's Hour to many of the most famous and influential lesbian novels. There's an entire Tumblr devoted to chronicling the dead lesbian trope on television, which stretches back decades. Or you could just take a look at this Tumblr post, which began circling hours after Lexa met her demise:
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Backlash from fans has been intense off social media as well. The IMDB rating for Thursday night's episode currently stands at a 4.8 out of 10 after thousands of users flooded the site to downvote it following Lexa's death. The Wikipedia entry for the show's showrunner, Jason Rothenberg, had to be protected from vandalism after numerous updates were made accusing him of being homophobic as well as queerbaiting fans of Lexa and Clarke's relationship.
Rothenberg also went on The Dropship to explain the decision, noting that he was "a little shaken by the intensity of the negativity," and adding that "this is a show where people die, where main characters get killed. She's the commander—that's not a job with a long life expectancy." But fans continued to argue that the decision was larger than the show's individual narrative.
@JRothenbergTV @jopinionated @LeticiaCornish I just don't understand how you can't see how damaging your actions are to queer young women.
— Betty is a Lesbian (@riverdalesbians) March 6, 2016
The societal argument in favor of killing off Lexa is that there should be room on television for a multiplicity of portrayals of queer characters, including characters who endure tragedy. This season, perhaps in anticipation of killing the Clarke/Lexa ship, The 100 did introduce another queer relationship in the form of the character Miller and an off-screen boyfriend, as well as another potential love interest for Clarke in the form of Niylah, a female character she's already hooked up with once. And it's true that there are a few notable happy queer relationships on TV—in Hannibal, for example, the show's only relatively happy ending belongs to a female queer relationship. But as the Tumblr post above illustrates, those are exceptions to a general pattern of Hollywood killing off lesbians and ending happy lesbian relationships far too frequently.
Perhaps the most heartbreaking responses to Lexa's death also underscore just how rarely happy queer female relationships appear on our screens. On Tumblr, a weekend reblog chain began, featuring queer women describing their own positive lives with their partners. "Our 13th anniversary is in two weeks," one woman wrote. "We heard our baby's heartbeat for the first time yesterday," wrote another.
Again and again these women spoke of living happily ever after. "My girlfriend is amazing, I love her, and one day we'll own 47 dogs together," one wrote. "Someday we're gonna live together in a glass house in the woods with a library in it," wrote another. "I am in love."
It shouldn't be necessary for real-life queer women to reassure one another that they can and do live long and fulfilling lives with their wives and partners. These are realities we should see reflected on our screens. The 100 may eventually attempt to give Clarke a new positive relationship to replace the one she lost. But for now it least, it seems as though fans will have to make their own happy endings.
Screengrab via skaigirlclarke/Tumblr
*First Published: Mar 8, 2016, 2:40 pm
Aja Romano is a geek culture reporter and fandom expert. Their reporting at the Daily Dot covered everything from Harry Potter and anime to Tumblr and Gamergate. Romano joined Vox as a staff reporter in 2016.


18 acres 7 hectacres sealed road ACT 120 kms Sydney 180kms Nowra 85kms some dirt to Braidwood 10/12 kms dirt.
last year. A " sink hole " from 1,000 acres runoff .A slab 6m by 9m being cleaned up after a fire with a Septic for ( 7 ) seven toilets approved by Sydney water 14 years ago. Next inspection Nov 19. Thats why organising a DA to have a lounge bedroom with 2 tiolets & shower to tap back into Septic with 2 toilets & shower I can send plans too.
A non approved but permissiable Industrial shed joined with a car port & tool room spare bedroom gas shower out back where a drop pits going until the Septic is operational. Insulated roof & walls so cool summer with front & back doors open. I get a sea breeze about lunchtime from Sussex Inlet 30kms as the crow flies.
Hectacre of Electric fencing with dam at the top for vegetable, fruit & nut bio dynamic hobby farm as pub would buy tomatoes etc if I stayed would put a coolroom out the back of present building. Planning to hook up electricity again to both shed & slab with A frame for Solar at the back of the existing shed.
Asking $499,000 as has cost me that in 22 years with pasture improvements swaling the property to avoid irosion etc. Plus my time would be alot more but need to be realistic.
I have a contract for sale the figure above covers the improvements this year as I sell it to get a new DA & pay a jack of all trades to assist me.


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Bombs Hurled at RSS Office in Kerala
Last Updated: July 12, 2022, 13:59 IST
Visuals from RSS office in Payyannur, Kannur which was allegedly bombed early this morning, leaving the window glass broken. (ANI)
An FIR is registered under the Explosives Act. The number of attackers is not yet known and CCTV footage of the area was being examined.
Bombs were hurled at a Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) office in Payyannur area of this northern district of Kerala on Tuesday with the party accusing CPI(M) of carrying out the attack. The incident occurred around 1.00 AM, police said.

Kerala | Visuals from RSS office in Payyannur, Kannur which was allegedly bombed early this morning, leaving the window glass broken pic.twitter.com/ALjpuXNH2K
— ANI (@ANI) July 12, 2022

The number of attackers is not yet known and CCTV footage of the area was being examined to ascertain the same, they said. An FIR under relevant provisions of the Explosives Act has been registered and the investigation was going on to trace the culprits, they added.
The RSS has accused CPI(M) workers of 'carrying out' the attack. According to CCTV visuals of the attack several explosions could be seen within the boundary wall of the RSS office with many of its windows damaged in the incident.
The attack comes days after a bomb was hurled at the wall of CPI(M)'s state headquarters, AKG Centre, on the night of June 30 and the attacker in that case is yet to be identified by police.
Read all the Latest News, Breaking News, watch Top Videos and Live TV here.
Last updated: 45 seconds ago


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The Mathematical Imagination
On the Origins and Promise of Critical Theory
By (author) Matthew Handelman
Illustrations: 6
Hardcover eBook - EPUB
This book offers an archeology of the undeveloped potential of mathematics for critical theory. As Max Horkheimer and Theodor W. Adorno first conceived of the critical project in the 1930s, critical theory steadfastly opposed the mathematization of thought. Mathematics flattened thought into a dangerous positivism that led reason to the barbarism of World War II. The Mathematical Imagination challenges this narrative, showing how for other German-Jewish thinkers, such as Gershom Scholem, Franz Rosenzweig, and Siegfried Kracauer, mathematics offered metaphors to negotiate the crises of modernity during the Weimar Republic. Influential theories of poetry, messianism, and cultural critique, Handelman shows, borrowed from the philosophy of mathematics, infinitesimal calculus, and geometry in order to refashion cultural and aesthetic discourse.
Drawn to the austerity and muteness of mathematics, these friends and forerunners of the Frankfurt School found in mathematical approaches to negativity strategies to capture the marginalized experiences and perspectives of Jews in Germany. Their vocabulary, in which theory could be both mathematical and critical, is missing from the intellectual history of critical theory, whether in the work of second generation critical theorists such as Jürgen Habermas or in contemporary critiques of technology. The Mathematical Imagination shows how Scholem, Rosenzweig, and Kracauer's engagement with mathematics uncovers a more capacious vision of the critical project, one with tools that can help us intervene in our digital and increasingly mathematical present.
Matthew Handelman is Assistant Professor of German Studies at Michigan State University.
Against the familiar lament that the inappropriate application of mathematical reasoning abets social reification, de-vitalizing abstraction and instrumental rationality, Matthew Handelman rescues forgotten attempts by three leading German Jewish intellectuals, Rosenzweig, Scholem and Kracauer, to argue otherwise. In their search for a 'negative mathematics' that has critical potential, they foreshadowed ways in which the yawning gap between the humanities and STEM fields may be overcome in our digital age.---Martin Jay, University of California, Berkeley,
Handelman shows how spiritual, quirky, and inventive engagements with math could suggest its affinities with projects of emancipation and ethics of dignity. His argument troubles oppositions between the humanities and STEM fields and promises to renew how humanists regard the incursion of positivism in the digitialization of method and episteme.---Anna Kornbluh, University of Illinois–Chicago,
The Mathematical Imagination presents mathematics and digital technologies as providing a key to unlock the critical possibilities hidden in language to give a voice to silenced communities... [Handelman's] methodology and ideology are deliberately provocative, and he intends to develop a post-academic approach to fix the weaknesses of traditional and official discourse. - Phenomenological Reviews
Any reader interested in the Frankfurt School and the history of Critical Theory who subscribes to the longstanding notion that this school of thought is fundamentally incompatible with quantitative thinking and the field of mathematics is in for a surprise with The Mathematical Imagination... The strengths of The Mathematical Imagination lie in the way in which mathematics in reclaimed for the project of Critical Theory; the unusual connections it articulates in the work of Scholem, Rosenzweig, and Kracauer; and the author''s fluency in both mathematical and aesthetic theory. - Monatshefte
Introduction: The Problem of Mathematics in Critical Theory, 1
1. The Trouble with Logical Positivism: Max Horkheimer, Theodor W. Adorno,
and the Origins of Critical Theory, 25
2. The Philosophy of Mathematics: Privation and Representation in
Gershom Scholem's Negative Aesthetics, 65
3. Infinitesimal Calculus: Subjectivity, Motion, and Franz Rosenzweig's Messianism, 104
4. Geometry: Projection and Space in Siegfried Kracauer's Aesthetics of Theory, 145
Conclusion: Who's Afraid of Mathematics? Critical Theory in the Digital Age, 187
Acknowledgments 201
Visit [email protected] for an Open Access edition.


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Experience carries Boise State in the end
Posted by Anthony Stalter (01/05/2010 @ 10:33 am)
Maybe we should have seen it coming from the start: There was TCU, a college football juggernaut this season, wound as tight as a rubber band ball and failing miserably to shake the nerves.
Maybe we should have known that the 2010 Fiesta Bowl was going to play out exactly how it did. Boise State, the more experienced team, managed to limit its mistakes and stay within itself on its way to a 17-10 win on Monday night. TCU, a team playing in its first BCS bowl game, looked incredibly nervous from the start and seemingly couldn't get out of its own way for four quarters.
Chris Petersen's Broncos had been there before after shocking Oklahoma in the 2006 Fiesta Bowl. They knew what playing in a BCS bowl was all about and they executed that way. They were the more settled team and they parlayed patience into a 7-0 lead when TCU made the first mistake of the game when Brandyn Thompson picked off Andy Dalton and returned it 51 yards for a touchdown.
What's interesting is that wasn't the best Boise State can look. Kellen Moore, who statistically was the best quarterback in the nation coming into the game, wasn't particularly crisp and an offense that is predicated on consistency and rhythm looked out of sync from the start.
Posted in: College Football
Tags: 2010 Fiesta Bowl, Andy Dalton, Boise State Broncos, Gary Patterson, TCU Horned Frogs
TCU fails to prove that they deserved a crack at a national title
Posted by Anthony Stalter (01/05/2010 @ 9:09 am)
I wanted TCU to be successfully – I really did. I kept waiting for its high-powered offense to settle in and start lighting up the scoreboard like it had all season, and for the Frogs to make a definitive statement on national television that they deserved to at least be in the national title discussion.
But it never happened.
TCU's 17-10 loss to Boise State in the 2010 Fiesta Bowl left little doubt that Glendale was all the Frogs deserved this year. Their No. 1 rated defense was good, but not great as Kellen Moore and the Broncos' offense routinely moved the ball into TCU territory. Andy Dalton looked nervous the entire night and the same could be said for his offensive line and receivers.
The Frogs failed on many levels last night. They failed to move the ball, they failed to prove that they deserved better and they failed to entertain. I was one of the many who watched them dismantle Utah earlier in the year and think to myself, "Damn, this team is special. This team has something and it can contend with the big boys in the SEC, Big 12, etc."
But they can't, or at least, not based on what they showed last night. Special teams score more than 10 points in BCS bowl games when they averaged 35-plus during the regular season. Special teams have quarterbacks that can consistently throw the ball vertical with success. Special teams have receivers that can make plays and make routine catches in crunch time.
2010 BCS Bowl Preview: 5 Things to Watch for in the Fiesta Bowl
One of the more intriguing matchups of the 2009-2010 bowl season takes place in Glendale, Arizona when No. 4 TCU takes on No. 6 Boise State in the Fiesta Bowl on January 4. As part of our 2010 BCS Bowl Preview, here are five things to watch for in the 2010 Fiesta Bowl.
1. The most controversial matchup of the bowl season
The TCU-Boise State matchup represents everything that's wrong with the current BCS system. Instead of these two teams having the opportunity to prove themselves against BCS conference teams, the Horned Frogs and Broncos will play each other…again. These same two teams squared off last year in the Poinsettia Bowl and while it was a tightly contested game, true college fans would rather see how TCU and Boise would fair against a program like Florida or Georgia Tech. Instead, neither team will be able to prove much, which is exactly how the BCS wants it. Nevertheless, this is an exciting matchup that comes fully stocked with plenty of intrigue and drama associated with the game.
2. TCU's No. 1 defense vs. Boise's No. 1 scoring offense
It doesn't get any better then when the No. 1 defense in the country gets to take on the No. 1 scoring offense. Along with being first in the nation in total defense, the Horned Frogs have the sixth best scoring defense, the third best run defense and the fourth best pass defense. Thanks to Jerry Hughes, Daryl Washington, Tank Carder and a host of others, TCU arguably has the fastest and most aggressive defense in the nation. But don't expect the Broncos to cower to the Frogs' dominant defense. Led by quarterback Kellen Moore, Boise ranks first in scoring, 20th in rushing and 30th in passing. They average over 44 points per game, are No. 1 in sacks allowed and 8th in total offense. But if there was one thing they struggle with, it's red zone efficiency. Thanks to their spread offense, Boise can score quickly with big plays. But the closer they get to the end zone, the harder it becomes for them to score because they lack a power running game. Can Boise improve in that area in order to beat TCU?
Tags: 2010 BCS Bowl Preview, 2010 Fiesta Bowl, Andy Dalton, Boise State, Daryl Washington, Ed Wesley, Jerry Huges, Joseph Turner, Kellen Moore, Matthew Tucker, smack talk, Tank Carder, TCU
The Official Fiesta Bowl Smack Talk Thread: Boise State vs. TCU
In one of the more anticipated matchups of the 2009-2010 bowl season, the Boise State Broncos will take on the TCU Horned Frogs in the Fiesta Bowl this year. In order to get you ready for a game, here's a quick glance at the matchup, key stats and more.
2010 Fiesta Bowl Game Information
Matchup: Boise State vs. TCU
Venue: University of Phoenix Stadium
Kickoff: 8PM ET
Odds: TCU –7
Key Stats:
The Horned Frogs come into this game as one of the more accomplished teams in college football this season. Led by quarterback Andy Dalton, TCU ranks fourth in total offense, fourth in scoring offense and fifth in rushing offense. The Horned Frogs also have the top defense in the nation, rank third in run defense and third in pass defense. As if they don't dominate enough statistical categories, the Frogs also have the best kickoff return unit in the country.
Of course, Boise State is certainly no push over when it comes to rankings this season. The Broncos have the eighth best offense in the nation and rank No. 1 in scoring while averaging over 44 points a game. They're balanced attack is led by quarterback Kellen Moore and running back Jeremy Avery, who have paved the way for the 20th best rushing and 30th best passing offense in college football. Defensively, Boise ranks 13th in total defense, 40th against the run and 13th in pass defense. The Broncos have also allowed the fewest sacks of any team in college football this season.
This is the most controversial matchup of the bowl season considering both of these teams would rather play BCS opponents in order to prove themselves. Plus, they already met in the Poinsettia Bowl last year, so this is a matchup college football fans have already seen. That said, this could also turn out to be the best bowl game of the year outside of the national title game. Will Moore lead Boise State to an upset win, or will TCU's No. 1 ranked defense put the clamps down on the Broncos' potent offense again this year?
Let the smack talk begin:
Who will win the 2010 Fiesta Bowl?
Tags: 2010 Fiesta Bowl, Andy Dalton, Boise State, College football smack talk, Kellen Moore, smack talk, TCU
Mandel: Ranking the Bowls 1-34
SI.com's Stewart Mandel recently ranked all 34 bowl games.
Here are his top 5:
1) BCS National Championship Game (Jan. 7): Alabama (13-0) vs. Texas (13-0). It's the first-ever matchup of two 13-0 teams. Colt McCoy. Mark Ingram. Rolando McClain. Sergio Kindle. Yeah, I'm thinking you might want to tune in.
2) Sugar (Jan. 1): Cincinnati (12-0) vs. Florida (12-1). It's spread vs. spread, Tim Tebow vs. Tony Pike, Mardy Gilyard vs. Joe Haden. It may be a letdown game for the Gators, but it should still be entertaining.
3) Fiesta (Jan. 4): TCU (12-0) vs. Boise State (13-0). Enough with the outrage, people: You know you're going to watch. The nation's No. 1 passer, Broncos quarterback Kellen Moore, goes up against the nation's top-ranked defense.
4) Rose (Jan. 1): Ohio State (10-2) vs. Oregon (10-2). Dangerous dual-threat star Jeremiah Masoli is what Terrelle Pryor was supposed to be. But the Buckeyes present the toughest defense the Ducks have faced since Boise.
5) Orange (Jan. 5): Georgia Tech (11-2) vs. Iowa (10-2). You remember the Hawkeyes. They love low scores and dramatic finishes. With a month to prepare, can Pat Angerer, Tyler Sash and Co. stifle Josh Nesbitt and the triple-option?
That's how I would have my top 5, although the Fiesta and Sugar bowls might be interchangeable. I love watching TCU's defense play and I'm intrigued about how Gary Patterson will game plan to stop Boise's offense. That said, I'm interested to see how Cincinnati responds after Brian Kelly ditched them for Notre Dame.
I know Georgia Tech's triple-option is exciting to watch and Iowa does have a solid front seven, but that matchup just doesn't have the same appeal as the other four. Maybe it'll wind up being the best BCS game of the season, but the matchup offers little sizzle compared to the other top bowls.
Photo from fOTOGLIF
Tags: 2010 BCS National Championship, 2010 Fiesta Bowl, 2010 Orange Bowl, 2010 Rose Bowl, 2010 Sugar Bowl, Alabama, Boise State, Brian Kelly, Cincinnati, Colt McCoy, Iowa, Jeremiah Masoli, Joe Haden, Josh Nesbitt, Kellen Moore, Mardy Gilyard, Mark Ingram, Ohio State, Oregon, Pat Angerer, Rolando McClain, Sergio Kindle, TCU, Terrelle Pryor, Texas, Tim Tebow, Tony Pike, Tyler Sash
2009 BCS Bowl Projections Version 1.0
USA Today Preseason Polls: Florida No. 1
House subcommittee approves legislation for college football playoff system
Big College Football Saturday
Upset Saturday


It starts with three personal accounts: one from a mother whose children vanished in conflict; one from a national disaster management officer who knows his country will soon be struck by crisis; and one from an over-worked humanitarian who needs to respond, fast. In all three accounts outlined in the opening of the ETC2020 strategy, it is technology which will transform their situations.
ETC2020 is the Emergency Telecommunications Cluster's (ETC) new strategy to create a communications environment for quick, effective and accountable humanitarian action. It seeks to enable an emergency response environment that provides humanitarians, citizens and governments with a seamless and resilient communications experience, grounded in humanitarian principles. And all this is to be achieved by 2020.
Communications as aid, leveraging the ETC network and expertise to enable more accountable humanitarian response and to empower affected communities as change agents.
Realising that the community responding to humanitarian emergencies – and needing technology services – is no longer limited to traditional aid actors, ETC2020 has a larger scope for the wider response community. This community includes humanitarians, as well as healthcare professionals, private sector and government organisations. For the first time, services to affected populations are being included within the scope of the ETC.
With revised priorities, expanded scope and a new approach encompassing partnerships and advocacy, ETC2020 will enable the technology solutions that allow the mother to find her children; the national disaster management officer to build resilience for the next crisis; and the emergency responder to quickly and effectively respond in emergencies, saving lives.


Went there with steel determination and fire burning in my eyes, all ready to kick the horse to make sure it trots. All of that went out of the window the moment the horse refused to budge after my first kick. And then I proceeded to act like a wimp and flapped my legs frantically while begging it to move. I'm lousy I know.
The instructor advised us to get a short whip orz. Stupid Bob and Rocky all your fault!
Had a moment where we keyed in several old school Jrock Vkei songs. Even though I had no lyrics, Malice Mizer's Syunikiss was sing-able. But omg no hiragana thingies for their kanji sfjkahkjhsdjkn.
And just oh so randomly, I spotted one of the tenimyu songs This is the Prince of Tennis and just keyed it in HAHA. It was surprisingly, fun. I feel this urge to key in random other songs from tenimyu in future karaoke sessions.
And it's been a while, but hurray for the revival of Sendai Kamotsu songs in karaoke HAHAHA.
I'm really glad I made myself use the microphone in recent sessions. I realised how much fun it can be belting out songs, or when we're able to sing together. Even if I can't read half the lyrics LOL.
I'm still upset that I can't do a vibrato at all, which is so so so so so crucial to any drama-mama song. My attempts at them are very lame.
I also want to be able to accomplish random rapping parts for some songs. SEAMO why your songs so hard to sing?!
But I'm getting better at maintaining my composure and winging it if I take the wrong route. I'm getting a Swift! 😀 Green colour! No I'm not going to turn it into a watermelon LOL. But I will love to personalise it here and there! I'm very excited actually. Driving the current car is very difficult for me for many reasons.
I should start looking for GPS navigation systems..
I can't believe I'm harbouring stupid thoughts about wanting a PC just for gaming.
I refuse to boot Windows into my Mac. I'm someone who cannot deal with viruses at all, so I would like to have at least one computer that will last me for a lifetime. Plus if I could resist the urge to boot Windows so that I can have all the illegal free programs for school purposes, I wouldn't just cave in because I want to play games.


These fierce best friends definitely brought in 40 the right way!
Brandy definitely revved up the engine on 40th birthday parties at her extravagant celebration!
All of Carmine's guests volunteered as tributes to have fun at this fabulous 40th celebration!
Get ready to go back to the 1920s at this Gatsby-inspired party!
All the guests enjoyed this 1920s soirée.
Former actor Ryan Fisher will definitely give his guests something to be surprised about!
There is plenty of love and happiness to go around while celebrating forty years of Ryan!
Even Kanye West made a special appearance at Notoya's lavish 40th birthday celebration.
Spoiler Alert: There's a wedding involved at Notoya's fab 40th birthday extravaganza!


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