Self-expression comes in many forms, this, of course, includes physical aspects. However, due to gender discrimination, individuals are often frowned upon depending on their physical appearance and are segregated to expected standards.
It's difficult to put on an outfit and be completely confident that you are not going to attract attention, whether it be positive or negative. For example, you cannot guarantee that the joggers and sweatshirt you threw on last-minute will hide you from a strangers gaze. Regardless if you are conservative or flamboyant, eyes will still glare in judgment or in appeal. In reality, there is no way to avoid these situations, because all people have a different mindset. Every person sees what they want to see.
In my opinion, dressing how you please should always be an option. However, this perception has also created friction among our society. It's immensely hard to dress in our modern era without creating some kind of assumed image as to who you are in the eyes of others. For example, If one wears a crop top and short shorts, they may be automatically considered sexually promiscuous to someone who doesn't know them personally. Don't mind that they are literally a freshman in high school and haven't even had their first kiss. Like I said, It's all about presentation.
How did the sexualization of a woman's shoulders, chest, and belly button come to be? For years, you are told that wearing something too tight, too short or too low cut could attract unwanted attention. However, It's clear that all of these areas are anything but sexual and are simply just a part our body. So it's okay to wear a bikini to the beach but god forbid you show more than your belly button in a school setting? The only thing these pieces of clothing are doing is enhancing one's natural body shape. Society, however, has warped the minds of the innocent into thinking that showing skin is a sexual and dirty act. Truthfully, this is all in the mindset of those who are looking for something to sexualize.
Although I'm young, I am not naive. I know that predators exist and young girls flaunting their bodies does nothing but provoke them. However, I also know that you cannot blame someone for wanting to dress a certain way in order to appeal to social standards and promote self-expression. In reality, people are doing nothing wrong. It's those who are corrupted into thinking that just because someone is dressed a certain way they should and will be sexualized.
Until the world wakes up and realizes that the only thing more attractive than our bodies is our brains, we will be stuck in this repeating cycle. It's time people stop looking at each other based on what's on the outside and really begin focusing on each other's internal aspects.


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fusarium oxysporum symptoms
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Fusarium species are also important plant pathogens that cause various diseases of cereal grains [ 3 ] and occasionally cause infection in animals [ 4 ]. Panama disease is the first pathogen to afflict banana crops on a global scale. F. graminum, F. acuminatum, F. culmorum, and F. moniliforme produce a distinct reddish or purplish pigmentation in the diseased area (Fig. Plants and trees are not the only ones susceptible, grass is too. Hand pull weeds from moist (loose) soil, removing as much of the roots as possible. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. To learn more on saving wilted plants, read homeguides.sfgate.com/quickly-rehydrate-wilted-plant-23002.html. CB-46 is resistant to Race 3, the most common race of F. oxysporum f. sp. For instance, fusarium wilt of tomato is caused by Fusarium oxysporium sp. Fusarium wilt disease is a fungal organism which spreads to plants by entering younger more vulnerable roots. However, there are striking similarities in symptomatology among the Fusarium rots. Source(s):https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fusarium_wilt, Photo(s):Photo by CDC/Dr. As we learn more about this disease, we are hopeful that we can defend our crops, gardens, and use the otherwise disruptive nature of Fusarium wilt in a beneficial way. Biological Fungicides – The use of biological fungicides (or biofungicides) is an effective way to control pathogenic fungi like F. oxysporum. Blackeyes: Currently, variety selection is the recommended management strategy for Fusarium wilt. The destructive properties of Fusarium wilt make it a dangerous disease for all plant life. Here's What You Need to Know Now, Chevron vs. human rights — big consequences for the man who fought big oil, Animal cognition research offers outreach opportunity, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Why I'm Walking Out for the Global Climate Strike on 9/20, Change the plant's environment (less sun or better shelter). info) (Schlecht as emended by Snyder and Hansen), an ascomycete fungus, comprises all the species, varieties and forms recognized by Wollenweber and Reinking within an infrageneric grouping called section Elegans. lactucae (Fol) is a soilborne fungus that causes the well-known Fusarium wilt of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Once inside, it colonizes the xylem vessels blocking the upward flow of water and nutrients; this leads to the wilting/yellowing of the older leaves, the splitting of the pseudostem base of the tree, and eventual death of the host. Note resistant variety in the background. vasinfectum - Symptoms 2 Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. When infested soil attached to tools, tires, shoes, organic or plant material is transferred from one location to another, Fusarium wilt is given the opportunity to spread and thrive. Mature plants infected with Fusarium gradually decline in productivity and growth. Furthermore, spores can be transported by surface run-off waters, thus enabling contaminated irrigation and reserve water reservoirs. Disposable gloves should be used to avoid recontamination of the equipment. It affects 4% of nasobronchial allergy patients (4). How to recognize the symptoms, to understand its propagation for better prevention of the disease… These lesions may expand and spread to … Fusarium wilt in front group of heirloom tomatoes; resistant variety in back. No. dianthi, specific only to carnations and closely related plants. Worldwide, Fusarium oxysporum has become a major problem for many crops, farmers, gardens, and most notably the banana industry (more on this later). Fusarium wilt is a common vascular wilt fungal disease, exhibiting symptoms similar to Verticillium wilt. Fusarium oxysporum is one species that can be particularly tricky to spot. As the infection spreads up into the stems and leaves it restricts water flow causing the foliage to wilt and turn yellow. This should be done in 30 minute intervals as well. Keep Weeds Under Control — Weeds are notorious for hosting destructive pathogens such as 'wilt'. Fusarium Seed, Root Rot, and Wilt: Pathogens: Fusarium virguliforme More than 10 Fusarium spp. (for potted plants) If the soil is dry, water it until the soil is moist and water runs from the drainage holes. Cucumber and muskmelon (e.g., cantaloupe, honeydew) are very susceptible to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Finally, the whole plant wilts. In this study, their species-specific impact regarding disease severity and root morphological traits was analysed. Commonly found throughout the United States, Fusarium wilt is a soil-borne pathogen that attacks potato, tomato, eggplant and pepper plants. In this gardeninginfo-online.com article, we detail this disease, symptoms, treatment, control measures, and possible future benefits of this global pandemic known as Fusarium Wilt. Spray the leaves with water. In fact, decades of research have shown that the mycelia of certain fungi interact with roots and form mycorrhizal associations between trees, plants, and shrubs. The following steps will help to control the spread of the fungus: Remove Infected Trees, Shrubs, and Plants — Once contamination is confirmed, remove and dispose of the infected tree, shrub, or plant. Once you know their warning signs, learn the symptoms of Fusarium wilt disease so you do not mis-diagnose a garden disease. Other crops threatened by this invasive and damaging disease are: Though this is a major pandemic, it is not the only destructive force in your garden. Interestingly, it is not uncommon for a single branch or side of the affected plant to show symptoms before passing it to the entire plant. The wilting, yellowing and dropping of leaves that lead to plant death in your garden (or landscape) may be the result of Fusarium wilt disease (Fusarium oxysporum or F. oxysporum). vasinfectum (FOV) comprised of eight nominal pathogenic races, is one of the most destructive diseases in cotton. No Composting or Mulching – Do not add any removed portion of an infected specimen to any compost piles or mulching systems, as this will only serve to propagate the spread of the fungus. Symptoms of Fusarium fruit rot vary depending on the Fusarium species and the host. Fusarium Crown and Root Rot on Tomato SIGNS & SYMPTOMS: • Symptoms on tomato plants first appear as yellowing of the oldest leaves about the time that fruit is nearing maturity. They work by depriving pathogenic fungi of both space and nourishment by: Insects and Infestations — Pest control is already an important aspect of garden and landscape maintenance. Worldwide, Fusarium oxysporum has become a major problem for many crops, farmers, gardens, and most notably the banana industry (more on this later). Source(s):https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fusarium_wilt, The article Symptoms, Treatment, and Control of Fusarium Wilt Disease first appeared on http://gardeninginfo-online.com, diseases that ruin trees, plants, and gardens, homeguides.sfgate.com/quickly-rehydrate-wilted-plant-23002.html, Symptoms, Treatment, and Control of Fusarium Wilt Disease, Coffee's Going Extinct. These associations promote the strengthening of the chemical defense system, and the transfer of needed carbon and nutrients from one specimen to another. Biofungicides are measured in cfu/g (colony forming unit per gram), and composed of mycelium and spores of non-pathogenic fungal strains. Eventual banana production in previously afflicted soil can be accomplished by the planting of pathogen resistant cultivars. Equipment Care — Pruning, cutting, and digging equipment should always be cleaned after use. radicis-cucumerinum. By doing so, pathogenic fungi would be robbed of the essential nutrients for their growth and propagation. Fusarium oxysporium. As a mycoherbicide, certain strains of F. oxysporum could be a more focused approach than the use of herbicide applications (which have associated chemical issues). Spray the leaves with water. However, it appears that we may be able to engineer a beneficial use, and in the near future see Fusarium wilt used as a form of biological control against invasive weed species. Progression of the disease leads it to the younger leaves, and eventually the death of the plant. Symptoms of Fusarium allergy are similar to those of other allergies. In cucumber, initial symptoms manifest six to eight weeks after sowing as pale yellow lesions at the stem base. The destructive properties of Fusarium wilt make it a dangerous disease for all plant life. 2). Thus, the fungus that causes wilt of carnations is Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Field symptoms: Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. This will help them rehydrate more quickly. Diagnosis of Fusarium wilt disease contamination is often not possible until late in the growing season. You can set the container on a water filled tray or sink basin to allow water to be soaked up as well. This will help them rehydrate more quickly. Other crops threatened by this invasive and damaging disease are: Though this is a major pandemic, it is not the only destructive force in your garden. Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici. Symptoms and signs Early symptom are chlorotic mottling and crinkling of leaves, later lead tissue between the major veins turns yellow to brown. Furthermore, spores can be transported by surface run-off waters, thus enabling contaminated irrigation and reserve water reservoirs. F. semitectum, F. equiseti, F. scirpi, and F. solaniproduce brown internal lesions; a cross section of a mature lesion reveals a dry, brown, spongy rot with a white halo (Fig. The wilting, yellowing and dropping of leaves that lead to plant death in your garden (or landscape) may be the result of Fusarium wilt disease (Fusarium oxysporum or F. oxysporum). Superkingdom: Eukaryota; Kingdom: Fungi; Phylum: Ascomycota; Class: Sordariomycetes; Order: Hypocreales; Genus: Fusarium If CB-46 has shown symptoms of Fusarium wilt, it is possible that Race 4 is infesting the field rather than Race 3. By doing this, biofungicides disrupt the cell walls of pathogens, while producing metabolites which effectively stop plant pathogens. Once Fusarium oxysporum establishes itself in a field, it will persist for an indefinite period of time. Fusarium solani is also allergenic and is occasionally found in indoor environments. Hand pull weeds from moist (loose) soil, removing as much of the roots as possible. You can set the container on a water filled tray or sink basin to allow water to be soaked up as well. Plant Varieties Resistant to Fungi — When planting or replanting in areas that have been affected by Fusarium wilt, look for plant, shrub, or tree species that are resistant to fungal intrusion. A simple soil test will help you determine the soil's nitrogen level. If the plant is infected (the fungi invaded the stem/trunk and roots) by a fungal organism such as Fusarium wilt; it cannot be saved. If these cases occur, the following may help to revive the plant(s). (for plants in the ground) Poke holes in the ground surrounding the plant and water until the soil returns to an expanded moist state. Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. We discuss other diseases that ruin trees, plants, and gardens. This disease has the ability to survive for years in the soil, and is easily spread by insects, gardening tools, and even by water. Repeat this process until the soil has expanded and feels moist. This disease has been investigated extensively since the early years of this century. Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. Once you know their warning signs, learn the symptoms of Fusarium wilt disease so you do not mis-diagnose a garden disease. Symptoms of fusarium wilt (fusarium oxysporum f.sp.phaseoli) on the roots of dry bean plants. As with other plant life, the fungus enters the banana trees through the roots. • … It is the first disease of bananas to have spread globally in the first half of the 20th century. An alternative to pulling weeds is the use of a torch to incinerate all active traces of the disease, or using an organic/natural herbicide to inhibit their growth. It is important to understand that not all fungi are harmful. Progression of the disease leads it to the younger leaves, and eventually the death of the plant. cubense Tropical Race 4 (Foc TR4) is a strain of fungus that causes Fusarium wilt of bananas. You don't. asparagi. To clarify, that's if the plant is wilting due to dehydration, overwatering, too much wind or sun. That importance cannot be overstated when dealing with wilt and other fungal contaminations, as pests weaken and make plants more vulnerable to disease. Some tomato varieties may be resistant to one race, yet completely susceptible to another. Fusarium growing on agar media Libero AjelloPhoto by Kris Lord / CC BY 2.0, Tags: Can You Save A Wilted PlantFusarium InfectionFusarium OxysporumFusarium Wilt DiseaseFusarium Wilt SymptomsGardening tipsHow To Get Rid Of Fusarium WiltInsect InfestationPanama DiseasePlant DiseasePlant FungiTree DiseaseWhat Is Fusarium Disease, 5 Garden Pests – Insect Identification & Treatment Tips, diseases that ruin trees, plants, and gardens, homeguides.sfgate.com/quickly-rehydrate-wilted-plant-23002.html, Change the plant's environment (less sun or better shelter). This should be done in 30 minute intervals as well. Fusarium wilt of banana, popularly known as Panama disease, is a lethal fungal disease caused by the soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Several hundred plant species are susceptible, including economically important food crops such as sweet potatoes, tomatoes, legumes, melons, and bananas (in which the infection is known as Panama disease). The fungus is soil-borne and makes its way into the plant through the roots. Interveinal cholorosis … Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. These associations promote the strengthening of the chemical defense system, and the transfer of needed carbon and nutrients from one specimen to another. The following steps will help to control the spread of the fungus: Remove Infected Trees, Shrubs, and Plants – Once contamination is confirmed, remove and dispose of the infected tree, shrub, or plant. However, when dealing with infected plant or fungal growth, all equipment should be washed in a solution of bleach and water (with a ratio of 1 part bleach to 4 parts water). While that strain may exist in the soil, it will only impact tomatoes. No Composting or Mulching — Do not add any removed portion of an infected specimen to any compost piles or mulching systems, as this will only serve to propagate the spread of the fungus. Dealing with an invasive fungal organism such as Fusarium wilt requires fast action and diligence. First the leaves turn yellow and wilt, mostly on one side of the plant. A simple soil test will help you determine the soil's nitrogen level. We discuss other diseases that ruin trees, plants, and gardens. lycopersici has three races; race 1, race 2, and race 3. Fusarium wilt, widespread plant disease caused by many forms of the soil-inhabiting fungus Fusarium oxysporum. cubense cannot be distinguished reliably in culture from other formae speciales (special forms). W.C. Snyder and H.N. Fusarium wilt is found worldwide and even resistant tomato varieties may be affected. Unlike other diseases which will attack any/all of the foliage at once, Fusarium wilt is first noticed by the yellowing of the older (lower) leaves. Eventual banana production in previously afflicted soil can be accomplished by the planting of pathogen resistant cultivars. It is important to understand that not all fungi are harmful. ... learn the symptoms of Fusarium … In fact, decades of research have shown that the mycelia of certain fungi interact with roots and form mycorrhizal associations between trees, plants, and shrubs. tracheiphilum in California, but is susceptible to Race 4, which has been identified in a few locations. That importance cannot be overstated when dealing with wilt and other fungal contaminations, as pests weaken and make plants more vulnerable to disease. melonia affects melons plants Symptoms vary slightly depending on the specific variation of the pathogen and infected plant. By doing this, biofungicides disrupt the cell walls of pathogens, while producing metabolites which effectively stop plant pathogens. Equipment Care – Pruning, cutting, and digging equipment should always be cleaned after use. Repeat this process until the soil has expanded and feels moist. SYMPTOMS. Identification. Nitrogen Rich Soil — Wilt susceptibility may be increased with the use of fertilizers high in nitrogen. Dealing with an invasive fungal organism such as Fusarium wilt requires fast action and diligence. If your plant(s) do not recover, it is likely that they are already dead or infected by disease. Watch this video which discusses Fusarium in Georgia's watermelon crops. Which are the risk factors? Due to this "ease of transmission and contamination", the pathogenic strains of Fusarium oxysporum have spread globally. During the summer, infected plants are characterized by one to several stunted, bright yellow ferns.A reddish-brown vascular discoloration, which may extend into the crown, is present at the base of stalks infected by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. The wilting, yellowing and dropping of leaves that lead to plant death in your garden (or landscape) may be the result of Fusarium wilt disease (Fusarium oxysporum or F. oxysporum). Biofungicides are measured in cfu/g (colony forming unit per gram), and composed of mycelium and spores of non-pathogenic fungal strains. Fusarium oxysporum forma specialis (f.sp.) • Symptoms progress up the plant as the yellowed leaves turn brown (Figure 4). It is recommended to use a slow-release (low nitrogen level) organic fertilizer to lower young root susceptibility to fungal intruders. If your plant(s) do not recover, it is likely that they are already dead or infected by disease. Once Fusarium oxysporum establishes itself in a field, it will persist for an indefinite period of time. lycopersici. asparagi, F. proliferatum and F. redolens. In fact, once it's discovered the affected plant and its soil should be immediately removed and destroyed. By doing so, pathogenic fungi would be robbed of the essential nutrients for their growth and propagation. Fusarium wilt is a worldwide problem that can be controlled but not eradicated. An alternative to pulling weeds is the use of a torch to incinerate all active traces of the disease, or using an organic/natural herbicide to inhibit their growth. If these cases occur, the following may help to revive the plant(s). ), also known as fusarium wilt of banana . Although found in soil all over the world and usually harmless, pathogenic strains can still have devastating impact on agriculture. Hot weather, dry soil, and rising soil temperatures all contribute to the growth of this disease. cubense (Foc). Disease fungi (Fusarium oxysporum) enter through the roots and interfere with the water conducting vessels of the plant. In fact, once it's discovered the affected plant and its soil should be immediately removed and destroyed. After 30 minutes, water the plant again. Fusarium species may also cause allergic diseases such as sinusitis in immunocompetent individuals and mycotoxicosis following ingestion of food contaminated by toxin-producing Fusarium species . More than 80% of global banana and plantain production is thought to be It is part of the family Nectriaceae.
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Songs4Worship.com: You seem to deflect the spotlight well – even when you are right in it. How do you approach that when you go out on stage? Is it something that you have to work at?
Chris Tomlin: Maybe that's just something God has given me because I don't practice it. I don't know how to do it. I think it comes from a humble heart because I know in my heart that I'm not God, and I'm not leading anybody to me. I do want to have a presence when I walk on stage because any leader has a presence. But when I finally pull people together with that presence, I want it to draw them to God and not to myself. That's the heart behind it. I just really and honestly want to draw people to God. Before I knew what a worship leader was, I remember playing in my church and thinking, "Wow, I like this. I'm up here on stage, but people are singing to God." So I started trying to write songs in that way.
To listen to samples from Chris Tomlin's Arriving, click here.
S4W.com: You're touring with Steven Curtis Chapman this fall. Do you think you will approach a tour like this differently than a worship tour like Passion?
Tomlin: Passion is a movement, so it's a different thing. When people are coming, they know what to expect. They are coming for one reason, and it's not for a band. Passion has never been about bands or about a speaker – it's just been about God. On a Steven Curtis Chapman tour, people are still coming for God, but at the same time it's a different audience. It's a radio-listening audience. I'm excited because it will be a lot of new listeners exposed to our music. Maybe we'll play a song like "We Fall Down" or "Forever," and people will say, "I had no idea these guys wrote this song," which will be fun. But no matter who they are, people want to respond to God, to worship God. So we are not going to do anything different. We are going to have them off their seats and hopefully just rocking and rolling. That's our heart behind it.
S4W.com: Going into it, does this tour feel any differently than previous touring experiences?
Tomlin: Just being with Steven, it's going to be exactly what it's supposed to be about. I just love his heart. That's why I'm more excited to be on tour with him than anybody because he just has a heart for God to do great things in peoples lives. He is gifted differently than I am, and yet when we talk about touring together, we both know it's going to be amazing to see how God is going to use us together. I remember going to see his concerts when I was in high school (Wow, that really makes him seem old!), and it really made me want to draw closer to God and know God more. That's Steven's integrity, and this tour's going to be no different. We're not setting out there just to sell records; we're setting out to make a real statement for God and hopefully impact peoples lives.
S4W.com: Switching gears a bit, which worship songs have you heard in the past ten years that you are convinced will be around for decades?
Tomlin: "Shout to the Lord," "Open the Eyes of My Heart" and Tim Hughes' "Here I Am to Worship." Those songs will be around for a long time.
S4W.com: The song "How Great Is Our God" from your new CD,Arriving, is a song that has the potential to impact people the way that Rich Mullins' "Awesome God" has.
Tomlin: I've had a lot of people parallel those two songs. I remember walking off the stage the first time I played it, and [Passion founder] Louie Giglio was there, and he said, "That's the biggest song that we may ever be a part of." It's the way people respond to it, like they've heard it all their lives.
S4W.com: Part of that may be your invitation in the lyric to sing with you. Did that just happen?
Tomlin: Yeah, it's one of those where you can sit down and try to contrive a song, and you just can't get the right formula. So you write a lot [of songs] that people will never hear. Those go right to trash. Then every once in awhile you sit down with your acoustic guitar, and you just start singing, "How great is our God, Sing with me." I was just in my room singing that chorus. It's all I had, and the rest was easy to wrap around it. I thought, "Wow, there's something to this." It made me want to sing. If a song makes me want to sing then I go with it.
Tomlin: That's the biggest thing for me in writing. I just resign myself to knowing that they're God's songs, not my songs. The beautiful thing is that the songs I've written are way bigger than me as an artist. Every time we play "We Fall Down" or "Forever," people say, "I had no idea you wrote this song. We sing this song all the time!" I think that's beautiful because it's not like "Oh, this is a Chris Tomlin song." People don't relate to it that way, and I think God likes that.
S4W.com: Is there a particular 'big picture' concept or lesson that God has been revealing in your life/ministry over the past couple of years, prior to recording Arriving?


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HELP FOR HERO
Who is Kris Aves? Westminster terror attack police officer left paralysed helped by DIY SOS
Kris Aves has returned home to East Barnet for the first time since he was paralysed in the Westminster attack last year
By Jay Akbar
22 Mar 2018, 9:57
Updated: 22 Mar 2018, 10:00
HEROIC policeman Kris Aves, who was paralysed in the Westminster terror attack, has gone home for the first time thanks to TV show DIY SOS.
Here's all you need to know about the courageous cop who was unconscious for eight days after the attack on Westminster Bridge and Parliament a year ago...
Kris Aves has finally gone home almost a year after he was paralysed in the Westminster terror attackCredit: BBC
What happened to Kris Aves in the Westminster attack?
Kris, 35, happened to be on Westminster Bridge after collecting a police award as terrorist Khalid Massod ploughed a car into pedestrians.
He shattered his spine after being struck by the car and has been hospital-bound ever since as his home was not suitable for a wheelchair user.
The attack broke his legs and left him suffering from head injuries, a lacerated elbow and damage to his sternum and shoulder.
He remained at Stoke Mandeville Hospital for around six months.
How has DIY SOS helped Kris Aves?
In September, it was announced that TV show DIY SOS were to renovate his home in East Barnet.
Hundreds responded to a televised appeal to help make fix up his house for an episode which aired on BBC One.
It means Kris can now put his kids - Tom, six, and Aoife, four - to bed for the first time since March last year.
He could not go home because his wheelchair could not navigate its large front step, as well as its narrow doorways and rooms.
An army of volunteers helped modify Aves' homeCredit: BBC
In just nine days after the "biggest response ever", volunteers have completely modified his home, even fitting a stair lift.
'I'm not going to pretend we had to find an army," said the show's host Nick Knowles. "because the moment people knew what we were doing we had the biggest response ever."
He said the "amazing" volunteers worked tirelessly to allow PC Aves to return home to his family.
One volunteer said: "We want to give back to the people that protect us."
What happened at Westminster and was it a terror attack?
Police declared the attacks outside Parliament in Westminster as a terrorist incident.
Masood driving a 4x4 vehicle mowed down people on the pavements on Westminster Bridge, before crashing into the gates outside the Houses of Parliament.
He then ran into the Parliament compound, carrying two blades where he fatally stabbed a police officer.
The 52-year-old was shot by police and taken to St Mary's Hospital, Paddington, but later died.
By chance the BBC were filming their fly-on-the-wall series Hospital in its A&E when Massod was brought in on a stretcher.
Following the attack Westminster was immediately put on lockdown with MPs told to remain in the main chamber or in their offices.
Police issued a list of no-go areas and ordered Transport for London to close Westminster Underground station.
The police officer who died was named as PC Keith Palmer, aged 48 and a husband and father.
How many people died in the London terror attack?
Six people died, including a policeman and the attacker, and dozens more were injured.
PC Keith Palmer, Mum of two Aysha Frade, American tourist Kurt Cochran and 75-year-old Leslie Rhodes were all murdered by the evil terrorist.
MP Tobias Ellwood - whose brother was killed in the Bali bombings - gave mouth-to-mouth to dying police officer PC Keith Palmer.
His family have thanked those paying tribute to the fallen PC, saying: "We have been overwhelmed by the love and support for our family, and most especially, the outpouring of love and respect for our Keith.
Kurt Cochran died while on a tour of Europe with his wife
"We want to thank everyone who has reached out to us over the past few days for their kindness and generosity. The police have been a constant, unwavering support at this very difficult time.
"It has made us realise what a caring, strong and supportive family Keith was part of during his career with the police. We can't thank them enough.
"We would also like to express our gratitude to the people who were with Keith in his last moments and who were working that day. There was nothing more you could have done.
Read up on the horrific attack in London
WESTMINSTER THREAT
ISIS threatens to blow up Big Ben in post showing Parliament burning
We're hell-bent on wiping out offence, so why are oldies fair game for jokes?
TIMELINE OF TERROR
We show how events unfolded at London Bridge
TERRORIST REVEALED
Khalid Masood - Westminster terror attacker who drove into pedestrians
TERROR IN THE CAPITAL
When was the Westminster 2017 attack and how many victims were there?
TECH DOWN EXTREMISTS
How social media breeds support for evil Islamists & 'pro activists'
"You did your best and we are just grateful he was not alone. We care about him being remembered for his selfless bravery and loving nature.
"We miss him so much, but we are also incredibly proud of Keith."
Masood, also known as Adrian Elms, was fatally shot by a police officer after his killing spree.
Video from inside parliament of moment police tackle man during Westminster attack
London terror attack 2017


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A Birthday Treat by Diane Simmons
Malcolm leans over to the other side of the bed and kisses Hillary on the cheek.
'Happy birthday, pumpkin,' he says as he hands her a large parcel wrapped in re-used paper. Hillary assesses it and grins. It's a large box - easily big enough for the foot spa she's been hinting at for months.
When she unwraps the present it takes her a few seconds to process what she sees. Eventually she squeaks, 'A wormery. Gosh!'
'Now I've taken over that other allotment as well we're going to need more compost. The wormery should help no end.'
Not trusting her voice not to wobble, she just smiles.
Malcolm reaches under the bed and pulls out another present. 'This is from Sophie.'
'She could have given me it tonight.'
'We thought you might appreciate having them together.'
When she unwraps the present she stares at it for a moment. It's a book. Not a novel, or even a cookbook, but a book about composting with worms.
'It's got very good write-ups,' Malcolm says, taking the book and flicking through it. 'Gosh, I can't wait to get started properly on the new plot. I was thinking I might move the hens there when it's sorted a bit. I managed to clear some of it last night when you were at yoga, but it's still full of rubbish - old shoes, wellies...'
'Isn't it a waste of effort if the Vicar's going to sell off the land for houses?'
'We won't let that happen!'
Hillary sighs and eases herself out of bed. 'We'd better get up.'
'True. A busy day ahead.'
'I'm tired before we even start. Why did I plan a party? It's such hard work and Sophie's not even going to be around to help us.'
Malcolm pats her hand. 'It's important she gets her dissertation finished. Anyway, there can't be that much to do, surely. It won't take you five minutes to pick the veg and I've made the falafels and put some beans on to soak. I'll finish off when I get back.'
'Back from where?'
He peers at her over the top of his glasses. 'The emergency allotment committee - I did say.'
'That's today?'
''I put it on the calendar, pumpkin.'
'But what about all the party preparations?'
'I can't miss the meeting.'
'But...'
He ruffles her hair. 'We should be done and dusted by mid-afternoon.'
Hillary reads over her party food list. She's been busy for weeks freezing puddings, but apart from Malcolm's uninspiring efforts, there's still all the savoury dishes to make. She assesses the pile of vegetables she's just picked - it doesn't much look like party food - much of it is covered in dirt, the tomatoes are barely ripe and the courgettes are nearly the size of marrows.
Before she embarks on the preparation, she makes herself a piece of toast, then in desperation, another. She feels annoyed with Malcolm and Sophie for buying her such awful presents and for abandoning her to do all the cooking. The food will have to be perfect - their friends are all such foodies - obsessed with tending their organic allotments and with their visits to the farmers' markets to buy artisan bread, cheese and rip-off olive oils. Sometimes they make her want to stuff her face with white sliced bread and Dairylea cheese triangles.
The doorbell rings as she is attacking the first courgette. It's her neighbour, Barry, holding a box of strawberries. 'Malcolm said you'd be glad of these.'
She peers at the tiny berries. 'Lovely. But can you spare them?'
'We're inundated and Malcolm said you'd want some to make pavlovas for the party.'
When Barry eventually leaves, she tips the strawberries into the colander. They just look as pathetic as the ones in their allotment. It's not been a good year for strawberries - too wet, or too dry, she can't remember which. With little enthusiasm she hulls the berries, puts them into a glass bowl and sprinkles them with sugar. That will have to do. She has no intention of making meringues. If Malcolm's so desperate for pavlovas, then he should be here, not wasting his time on some hopeless mission. People need homes and there's no real arguing with that, though no doubt he'll give it a good try.
She finishes chopping the courgettes and starts to peel a pile of dirt encrusted potatoes. It's another bad batch - tiny and full of slug holes. When she reaches the fourth one and it's speckled with brown spots, she swears and chucks them all into the compost bin.
Picking up her purse and car keys she marches out of the house.
Hillary looked round Marks and Spencer's food hall before, but she's never bought anything. She wanders round the aisles and without bothering to check that the eggs are free-range or the vegetable organic, selects a few items. When she sees a normal-looking woman casually picking up three large containers of potato salad, she does the same. Emboldened, she loads the trolley with ripe tomatoes, Greek salad, frittatas, tomato and mozzarella tarts, pasta salads and ready-washed lettuce.
When she reaches the last aisle, she examines her haul. It all looks so appetising. She'll have to distress it, of course, so no one guesses, but that shouldn't be difficult. It would be easy to get used to all this, she thinks - easy to adapt to a life that didn't involve constant cooking, scraping mud off potatoes or rushing out into the rain to shut up the hen coop.
She takes out her mobile and texts Malcolm: 'How is the meeting going?' A few seconds later he replies: 'Not good. Vicar's playing the starter home card.'
She put the phone back in her bag and smiles. Giggling, she adds four large meringue nests to her trolley and almost skips to the check-out.
Follow Diane on Twitter @scooterwriter
Make friends with Diane here 99fiction.net/profile/DianeSimmons
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Comment by Sal Page on February 7, 2014 at 13:58
Enjoyed this. Always like stories with food in. Especially like the idea of distressing the M&S food to make it look homemade, the need for white bread & cheese triangles ... & I cringed at him calling her pumpkin!
Comment by Diane Simmons on February 10, 2014 at 9:48
Thank you, Sal. It's lovely to get feedback on a story.


Whenever OSHA doesn't have a wealth of knowledge or regulations regarding a specific industrial practice (as in the case of pallet rack repair) they defer to the recognized governing body expert in a particular field. There are, however, currently three OSHA regulations which directly and indirectly relate to pallet racking, they include: 1926.250 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR STORAGE: All material stored in tiers shall be stacked, racked, blocked, interlocked or otherwise secured to prevent sliding, falling or collapse. PARAGRAPH (5)(a)(1) OF THE OSHA ACT OF 1970 (GENERAL DUTY CLAUSE) Requires that each employer furnish to each of its employees a workplace that is free from recognized hazards that are causing or likely to cause death or serious physical harm. This general duty provision can be used by OSHA only where there is no direct standard that applies to the particular hazard and the employer has its own employees exposed to the alleged hazard. 1917.14 MARINE TERMINAL OPERATIONS STACKING OF CARGO AND PALLETS Cargo, pallets and other material stored in tiers shall be stacked in such a manner as to provide stability against sliding and collapse.


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Connecticut Origins Shape New Light Luminary Jonathan Edwards
October 5, 2021 • Bolton, Jonathan Edwards, Belief, Education, South Windsor
Henry Augustus Loop, Jonathan Edwards, oil on canvas - Yale University Art Gallery
By Kenneth Minkema
Jonathan Edwards, arguably one of the most significant religious figures in US history, was a theologian, philosopher, pastor, revivalist, educator, and missionary. An adherent of Reformed Puritan theology, he engaged the new methods and approaches of the Enlightenment, incorporating them in innovative ways into his inherited religious worldview.
Edwards spent most of his career as a Congregational minister in Northampton, Massachusetts. There, he participated in two major religious revivals, including the Great Awakening (a transatlantic evangelical movement that swept the British-American colonies in the 1740s). He became the chief theorist and apologist for revivalism and a fountainhead of the new evangelicalism. Dismissed in 1750 from Northampton after a bitter, protracted controversy over qualifications for church membership, he assumed the post of missionary to Native Americans at Stockbridge, Massachusetts, the following year. In 1757 he received a call to become the president of the College of New Jersey, which later became Princeton University. He held this position for only a few months before dying on March 22, 1758, following a bad reaction to a smallpox inoculation.
Edwards' Formative Years in Connecticut
Though most of his mature life was spent in Massachusetts, Edwards was a Connecticut native. He was born on October 5, 1703, in Windsor Farms (present day South Windsor), on the east side of the Connecticut River across from Windsor. His parents were Timothy Edwards and Esther Stoddard Edwards. Timothy was the minister of Windsor Farms, where he served from 1694 to 1758. The couple had 11 children: 10 daughters and one son.
The community and family in which Edwards grew up shaped his education, temperament, and spiritual life. His father, a gifted leader, had a reputation as a powerful preacher who had seen several periods of religious "stirs" in his congregation. Edwards' mother and his many sisters were known for their intelligence, learning, and wit. In their home, where Timothy ran a preparatory school for local boys, Jonathan and his sisters were trained in classical learning.
Edwards matriculated in 1716 in the Connecticut Collegiate School. At that time, the college was separated into three locations: Saybrook, New Haven, and Wethersfield. For several years Edwards attended the Wethersfield branch under the tutelage of his kinsman Elisha Williams. The young Edwards also attended the town's church, where his uncle, Stephen Mix, was the minister. By 1718, negotiations to find a single, central location for the college had been completed and the New Haven site was chosen along with a new name, Yale College, after a benefactor. Students from the other branches arrived, but Edwards and several others, displeased with their tutor, returned temporarily to Wethersfield. It was not until his senior year that Edwards actually resided in New Haven. During this time, no doubt, he became more acquainted with Sarah Pierpont, daughter of the Reverend James Pierpont. Eventually, Jonathan and Sarah would marry and raise 11 children.
History of Redemption, notebook by Jonathan Edwards – Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University
As Advocate of Great Awakening, Edwards Stirs Debate
After completing his baccalaureate work at Yale College, Edwards began graduate studies. During this period, he preached for a short time to a small Presbyterian congregation in New York City. Upon completing his master's degree in 1723, Edwards, through the machinations of his father, became the pastor of the newly formed church in Bolton, Connecticut. The town was a small agricultural community and suited neither Edwards' ambitions nor, apparently, his idea of a harmonious church. He quickly left this post to become a tutor at Yale College, where he served for two years. Here, Edwards had the opportunity to arrange and plunge into the college library, which included sizable donations of titles from England. He also preached occasionally for the church in Glastonbury.
In 1726, Edwards was called to Northampton as an assistant to his grandfather, the Reverend Solomon Stoddard, and upon Stoddard's death three years later became senior minister. During his time in Northampton, Edwards established himself as a revivalist, theologian, and member of the transatlantic evangelical network. He frequently returned to Connecticut, however, to visit family at Windsor Farms and elsewhere. He also came in professional capacities, as a preacher and ecclesiastical advisor, mostly in the context of the Great Awakening. In October 1740, when the famous itinerant preacher George Whitefield was visiting New England, Edwards conducted him from Northampton to his father's house in Windsor Farms. It was as an invited guest preacher that Edwards delivered what has become the most famous sermon in US history, "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God," in July 1741 in Enfield (then a part of Massachusetts but transferred in 1749 to Connecticut).
Edwards' involvement in the Great Awakening, and his role as an apologist for it as "a work of the Spirit of God," embroiled him in controversy. The revivals had caused a split between supporters and opponents, known, respectively, as New Lights and Old Lights. Yale College had in 1741 denounced not only Whitefield but also the revivals generally. In September of that year Yale College asked Edwards to deliver the commencement address hoping he would be similarly dismissive. Instead, his address, "The Distinguishing Marks of the Work of the Spirit of God," criticized those who failed to support the revivals.
Extremes within Movement Prompt Reassessment
One of the most controversial aspects of the Great Awakening was when itinerant New Light preachers declared that other ministers were unconverted and therefore not worthy of their office. Perhaps the wildest of the New Lights was James Davenport, a New Haven native who was pastor of a church in Long Island and made preaching tours through Connecticut. Typically, he would walk through the streets of a town, head thrown back, shouting at the top of his lungs. In early 1743, in New London, he even supervised bonfires of the vanities, during which he exhorted townspeople to burn books and clothes.
It was as the head of a council of ministers to curb Davenport that Edwards traveled to New London in March 1743. Shortly thereafter, Davenport recanted his activities and views. Reflecting on episodes such as these, and within his own church, Edwards went on to write A Treatise Concerning Religious Affections (1746), in which he delineated the negative and positive "signs" of true vs. counterfeit religion.
Prayer, in Mahican by Jonathan Edwards, 1764 – Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University
Edwards' Writings Influence 19th-century Reformers
After his dismissal from Northampton, Edwards cast about for a new post. He candidated at the backwoods hamlet of Canaan, Connecticut, preaching there in late 1750 and early 1751. Ultimately, however, he settled on the mission at Stockbridge, where he served the Mahicans and Mohawks living there, as well as a small English congregation. Edwards had been involved in the founding of the Stockbridge mission in the 1730s and had been an admirer of David Brainerd, a missionary to Indigenous people in New Jersey. As a student at Yale, Brainerd had been expelled for criticizing the spiritual state of one of the tutors. Edwards had supported Brainerd and opened his home to him, where he died of tuberculosis in 1747.
Even more, Edwards published Brainerd's diary, The Life of David Brainerd (1749), which became a standard work for missionaries in the centuries following. It was in Stockbridge, however, that Edwards wrote many of the treatises—Freedom of the Will (1754), Original Sin (1758), The End for Which God Created the World, and The Nature of True Virtue (the latter two works published posthumously in 1765)—that secured his fame.
After his death, Edwards' life and writings exercised a profound influence on American religious life. In western Connecticut in particular, many of the pulpits were filled by "New Divinity" men, preachers who adhered to Edwards' views. A key figure was one of Edwards' students, Joseph Bellamy, pastor of Bethlehem, who maintained a school for boys and young ministers-in-training in his home. Edwards' thought was instrumental in 19th-century reform movements, such as the abolition of slavery. Though a slaveholder and defender of slavery himself, Edwards' ethical thought was transformed by another of his disciples, Samuel Hopkins, into abolitionism that took early root in the late 1700s on into the 1800s. Through Bellamy, Hopkins, and many other followers, including Edwards own son, Jonathan Edwards, Jr., the culture of Connecticut was deeply influenced by Edwards well into the 19th century.
Kenneth P. Minkema, PhD, is the Executive Editor of The Works of Jonathan Edwards and of the Jonathan Edwards Center & Online Archive at Yale University.
Yale University. "The Jonathan Edwards Center," 2012. Link.
Yale University. "Finding Aid to the Jonathan Edwards Collection," 2012. Link.
Winslow, Ola Elizabeth. Jonathan Edwards, 1703-1758; a Biography. New York, NY: Macmillan Company, 1940.
Marsden, George M. Jonathan Edwards: A Life. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2003.
Edwards, Jonathan. Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God. Philadelphia, PA: Presbyterian Board of Publication, n.d. Link.
Kidd, Thomas S. The Great Awakening: The Roots of Evangelical Christianity in Colonial America. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2007.
Edwards, Jonathan, and Samuel Hopkins. The Life and Character of the Late Reverend, Learned, and Pious Mr. Jonathan Edwards, President of the College of New Jersey. Northampton, MA: Andrew Wright, for S. & E. Butler, 1804. Link.
The Rogerenes Leave Their Mark on Connecticut Society
Helen James Chisholm: A Hartford Teacher in Hawaii
UConn and the Evolution of a Public University
An Orderly & Decent Government: Significant Events & Developments, 1965-Now
A First Amendment Lesson: Weaver High Students Teach Their Elders
Boston Post Road Carved out Three Travel Routes through State
Somers School of the Prophets
Wethersfield Academy Est. 1804
Olin Library and The Debate About Open Space at Wesleyan University
Eleazar Wheelock: Preacher, Dartmouth College Founder


Workhouse Union is led by Rosie Lynch and Eilís Lavelle and supported by a team of producers, artists and designers. Currently, Hannah McCormick works with us as a producer and workshop facilitator and Sinead Phelan supports us in aspects of design, writing and communication.
Recent and current artists and designers that we are working with include: An Endless Supply, Paul Bokslag, Michelle Browne, Eimear O'Connell, Ed Devane, Kate Fahey, Bridget O'Gorman, Tim Harper, Gareth Kennedy, Mollie A King, LiD Architecture, Sarah Lincoln, Ruth E Lyons, Méahé Design (Kaye Toland and Amber Perng), Deirdre O'Mahony, Fiona McDonald, Jennie Moran, Ita Morrissey, Ríonach Ní Néill, Rosie O'Reilly, Vagabond Reviews, Studio Weave, Todo Por La Praxis, Luis Vega, Katherine Waugh, Jane Walker and Lucas Wilson.
Previous team members include co-founder Hollie Kearns, producer Orlaith Treacy and Etaoin Holahan of Fennelly's of Callan.


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A Tree-Based Approach for Addressing Self-Selection in Impact Studies with Big Data
Indian School of Business Research Paper Series
50 Pages Posted: 10 Jun 2013 Last revised: 6 Jun 2015
See all articles by Deepa Mani
Deepa Mani
Indian School of Business (ISB), Hyderabad
Institute of Service Science, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan
Inbal Yahav
Bar-Ilan University - Graduate School of Business Administration
Date Written: June 5, 2015
We introduce a tree-based approach for assessing the performance impact of diverse self-selected interventions in management research. Our approach, which takes advantage of "Big Data", or observational data with large sample sizes and a large number of variables, offers important advantages over traditional propensity score matching. In particular, the tree-based approach to assessing the impact of interventions offers a data-driven methodology that applies to a wide range of intervention types (binary, polytomous, continuous), allows for examination of nascent interventions whose selection cannot be theoretically specified a priori, identifies pre-intervention variables that correlate with the self-selected intervention, and presents comparisons of ensuing performance in visuals that are easy to discern and understand. We illustrate the method and the insights that it yields in the context of two studies: analysis of the impact of an eGov service in India, and comparison of performance across different contractual pricing mechanisms and contract durations in the outsourcing of technology and technology-enabled business functions.
Mani, Deepa and Shmueli, Galit and Yahav, Inbal, A Tree-Based Approach for Addressing Self-Selection in Impact Studies with Big Data (June 5, 2015). Indian School of Business Research Paper Series. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2276770 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2276770
Indian School of Business (ISB), Hyderabad ( email )
Hyderabad, Gachibowli 500 019
Galit Shmueli (Contact Author)
Institute of Service Science, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan ( email )
Hsinchu, 30013
HOME PAGE: http://www.iss.nthu.edu.tw
Bar-Ilan University - Graduate School of Business Administration ( email )
HOME PAGE: http://faculty.biu.ac.il/~yahavi1


God of War is coming to Funko. To be released in March of next year, we are getting a wave of Pops in support of the highly anticipated game being released around then. Curiously, there are no exclusives to be seen, which is a rarity. Although there are some bigger conventions between now and then, so the possibility of there being some is not zero. For now, fans will only have to track down four.
Obviously, the main draw here is Kratos. They could make as many variations as they want of him and they would sell no matter what. He almost looks like he's smiling there, doesn't he? His son Atreus is the most basic-looking of the four; though I do like the subtle battle scars on his face. They give a pretty plain-looking Pop more character.
The two standouts are the creatures. Look at that Draugr sculpt! That head is ridiculous; I would buy it just based on that. What a unique piece. And I am completely shocked that the Fire Troll is not a deluxe six-inch Pop. It even looks bigger just standing there. That may be an early contender for Pop of the Year once we can get our hands on it. So much detail and care went into that sculpt. Bravo, Funko. Bravo.
Funko Roundup: Saga, Star Wars, Monster Hunter, Bendy, and More!
Is Valerio Schiti Teasing the Return of Something Special to Marvel?


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International Parliamentarians for West Papua
About West Papua
About IPWP
IPWP timeline
West Papua's right to Self-Determination under International Law
Analysis of 1969 Act of Free Choice
UN and Indonesian takeover of West Papua
Reinscription of West Papua as a Colonised State and People
IPWP Vice-Chairs
Join IPWP
UK All-Party Parliamentary Group (APPG) on West Papua
IPWP meeting in Houses of Parliament, London
Posted by IPWP | filed in IPWP news
A week before Indonesia's president Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono's visit to the UK, Parliamentarians, Peers and civil society organisations gathered at the Houses of Parliament, to discuss West Papua's right to self-determination, freedom from violence and persecution, and actions to be taken to bring this to the attention of the international community. This year also marks the fourth anniversary of the launch of the International Parliamentarians for West Papua. Since its inception, the organisation has grown to almost 100 parliamentarians from around the world.
MPs and Peers present were Andrew Smith MP (Chair), Lord Richard Harries and Dan Rogerson MP with many apologies sent from International MPs and specific apologies from UK MPs and Peers, Caroline Lucas, Diane Abbott and Lord Kilclooney. Statements were delivered from Senator Richard Di Natale (Australian Greens Senator) and Catherine Delahunty MP (New Zealand Green Party). Joining them was West Papua's exiled independence leader, Benny Wenda, representatives from the Free West Papua Camaign (FWPC), Charles Foster of International Lawyers for West Papua (ILWP) and many other interested observers, including representatives from the Netherlands and UK based NGOs.
As was discussed, the priority of the IPWP is to press for a United Nations review of the Act of Free Choice (AoFC). Charles Foster (ILWP) reiterated that the Act of Free Choice did not represent a true act of self determination under international law. There already exist well researched documents to this end and the Oxford Lawyers without Borders is continuing to carry out research on this. It was agreed that IPWP will write a letter to the United Nations Secretary General requesting the United Nation's position on the Act of Free Choice, presenting the legal argument and calling for a review.
The MPs and Peers present recognised the urgent need for a United Nations delegation to West Papua and pledged to write to the United Nations Secretary General, calling for United Nations observers to be sent to West Papua, as is repeatedly requested by Papuan civil society groups such as the West Papua National Committee (KNPB). It was discussed that United States Senators have previously visited West Papua, and IPWP members in the UK will request a parliamentary delegation to visit West Papua and encourage their colleagues from all the represented countries to do the same.
With the upcoming state visit of the Indonesian President to the UK (31st Oct – 2 Nov 2012) journalists will be briefed and MPs will put questions to the UK Prime Minister at question time. They will also brief him and the Foreign and Commonwealth Office with questions that need raising with the Indonesian President, in regards to the need for an independent investigation into the killing of the KNPB leader Mako Tabuni, the lack of access for media and NGOs in West Papua, Filep Karma's 15 year jail sentence for raising a Flag, the President's responsibility for the human rights violations in West Papua, and the suffering to the Peoples of West Papua through natural resource extraction.
IPWP Members in the UK will ask parliamentary and FCO questions on the UK Government's involvement with the Indonesian Police Anti Terrorism Unit, based in West Papua, Detachment 88. This is in response to confirmation that alongside US and Austrailian funding, the UK has provided £400,000 to Jakarta Centre for Law Enforcement Cooperation (JCLEC) since 2005. Funds from this go directly to the training of Detachment 88 which has been accused of human rights violations in West Papua against independence activists.
Amnesty International members have highlighted the military impunity and human rights situation in West Papua in letters to their MPs, successfully encouraging them to sign the declaration and join IPWP. New IPWP members are always welcomed.
Act of Free Choice
History of IPWP
Human rights in West Papua
IPWP
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© 2016 International Parliamentarians for West Papua (IPWP).


Thank you very much for taking the time to email me about transparency of loans issued to impoverished country governments by UK-based banks or under UK law and the related EDM, number 158.
I understand you would like me to sign EDM 158, however like many MPs I do not sign any EDMs no matter how worthy the cause. This is because EDMs now cost a huge amount per year to administer and have no chance of changing the Law. They are in effect petitions which only MPs can sign. They have also been superseded by online petitions which can be on any issue for which the Government or Parliament is responsible and any which receive 10,000 signatures will receive a response from the Government. Those petitions which reach 100,000 signatures will almost always be debated in Parliament – unless it is an issue which has recently been debated. There are also concerns that EDMs may give a false impression that action is being taken.


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Lin-Manuel Miranda's Groundbreaking Hip-Hop Musical 'Hamilton' Gets One of Biggest Pre-Opening Totals in Broadway History
Culture 07.15.15 at 12:04 pm
By Janice Llamoca
In a time where blockbuster and Oscar-nominated films are delivering roughly 0 to 46 seconds of lines from non-white actors (just ask Venezuelan-born Dylan Marron, creator of Every Single Word Spoken by a Person of Color in [Mainstream Film Title], television has been taking necessary steps to create diversity in their programming and another stage has too – Broadway. Cue in Hamilton, a hip-hop-influenced musical created and written by Tony award winner Lin-Manuel Miranda.
A story based on an 832-page biography about the nation's first Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton may not seem like a revolutionary idea. But it's more than just the story. It's people who tell it. Hamilton, which just made its way to Broadway, depicts America's white founding fathers as played by actors of color; in Miranda's rendering, Hamilton, Thomas Jefferson and George Washington have black and brown faces. "Our cast looks like America looks now, and that's certainly intentional," Miranda told the New York Times. And then there's the fact that the play has a hip-hop soundtrack, which Manuel previewed in his Wesleyan commencement speech in May.
What's revolutionary is that color wasn't a prime factor in the telling of an American story. It's an American story played by American actors. Maybe that's why the musical brought in $27.6 million in pre-sale numbers, with just over 200,000 tickets sold in advance, making it one of the biggest pre-opening totals in Broadway history.
As for the musical component, hip-hop fans will be pleased to hear nods to songs by Mobb Deep, Notorious B.I.G., and Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five. The Roots members Questlove and Black Thought have also been tapped to produce the original cast soundtrack. Miranda, a native Nuyorican, told the NYT that the story of Hamilton, an orphaned immigrant, was a story "made for hip-hop."
If you're looking to buy some tickets now, your best bet is to pray to find tickets at face value. With the rate they're going at, Hamilton tickets are currently averaging $355.83 on the resale market.


text:
September - October, 2017
Blue-Print for Elimination of Hepatitis C Viral Infection: One Step Closer Kevork M. Peltekian Page 696-698
Waiting-time and Quality of Care Deserved to Patients with Early Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma Undergoing RFA Treatment Maurizio Soresi, Anna Licata, Lydia Giannitrapani, Giuseppe Montalto Page 699-701
Transplanting Kidney Allografts from Hepatitis C Infected Donors into Hepatitis C Uninfected Recipients: Re-Thinking the Thinker Trial Trana Hussaini, Eric M. Yoshida Page 702-703
In the not so distant past, organs from hepatitis C infected donors were either discarded or rarely transplanted into HCV viremic recipients - but never allocated to non-infected patients. However, the simplicity, ease and unprecedented success rates of HCV direct acting antiviral regimens has raised the possibility of utilizing such organs in an attempt to expand the donor pool. The thinker trial reports the first of such attempts. However, caution must be exercised prior to the widespread adoption of such strategy.
Fibrates for Primary Biliary Cholangitis: What's All the Hype? Cynthia Levy Page 704-706
Ursodeoxycholic acid is the first-line therapy for primary biliary cholangitis. However, a subset of patients fail to show biochemical response. For these patients, adjuvant therapies are warranted. Obeticholic acid was conditionally approved as a second-line drug. Evidence is building up in favor of fibrates, which are available for off-label use.
Models of non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Potential Translational Value: the Effects of 3,5-L-diiodothyronine Elena Grasselli, Laura Canesi, Piero Portincasa, Adriana Voci, Laura Vergani, Ilaria Demori Page 707-719
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disorder in industrialized countries and is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular, hepatic and metabolic diseases. Molecular mechanisms on the root of the disrupted lipid homeostasis in NAFLD and potential therapeutic strategies can benefit of in vivo and in vitro experimental models of fatty liver. Here, we describe the high fat diet (HFD)-fed rat in vivo model, and two in vitro models, the primary cultured rat fatty hepatocytes or the FaO rat hepatoma fatty cells, mimicking human NAFLD. Liver steatosis was invariably associated with increased number/size of lipid droplets (LDs) and modulation of expression of genes coding for key genes of lipid metabolism such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (Ppars) and perilipins (Plins). In these models, we tested the anti-steatotic effects of 3,5-L-diiodothyronine (T2), a metabolite of thyroid hormones. T2 markedly reduced triglyceride content and LD size acting on mRNA expression of both Ppars and Plins. T2 also stimulated mitochondrial oxidative metabolism of fatty acids. We conclude that in vivo and especially in vitro models of NAFLD are valuable tools to screen a large number of compounds counteracting the deleterious effect of liver steatosis. Because of the high and negative impact of liver steatosis on human health, ongoing experimental studies from our group are unravelling the ultimate translational value of such cellular models of NAFLD.
Hepatitis C Virus Infection Outcomes Among Immigrants to Canada: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis Curtis L. Cooper, Kednapa Thavorn, Ecaterina Damian, Daniel J. Corsi Page 720-726
Introduction and aim. HCV-infected immigrants contribute to the total prevalence in Canada and other developed nations. Little is known about engagement in care, access to service, and treatment outcomes in recipients of Direct Acting Antiviral (DAA) HCV therapies among immigrants living with HCV. Material and methods. HCV patients assessed at The Ottawa Hospital Viral Hepatitis Clinic between 2000-2016 were identified. Immigration history, race, socioeconomic status, HCV work-up, treatment and outcome data were evaluated. HCV fibrosis assessment, treatment and sustained virologic response (SVR) were compared using logistic regression. Results. 2,335 HCV-infected patients were analyzed with 91% (2114) having data on immigration (23% immigrants). A median 16 years (Quartiles: 5, 29) passed from immigration to referral. Access to diagnostic procedures (Fibroscan/liver biopsy) was greater among immigrants compared to Canadian-born (78% vs. 68%, p = 0.001) and immigrants had an odds ratio of 1.72 (95% CI: 1.18-2.51) of receiving a FibroScan compared to Canadians after adjustment for demographic characteristics, HCV risk factors, and socioeconomic status. No differences in SVR were found between immigrants for IFN recipients. Among DAA recipients, rates of SVR were > 94% among all patients, 93% in Canadian-born and 98% among immigrants (p = 0.14). Conclusion. Nearly 80% of immigrants in this setting had access to fibrosis assessment which was higher than Canadian-born patients. Under half of both groups had initiated HCV therapy. Delays in accessing HCV care represent a missed opportunity to engage, treat and cure HCV patients. HCV screening and health care engagement at the time of immigration would optimize HCV care and therapeutic outcomes.
Treatment of Chronic HCV Infection with the New Direct Acting Antivirals (DAA): First Report of a Real World Experience in Southern Brazil Hoel Sette-Jr, Hugo Cheinquer, Fernando H. Wolff, Alexandre de Araujo, Silvia Coelho-Borges, Silvia R.P. Soares, Mauricio F.A. Barros Page 727-733
Introduction and aim. There is almost no data regarding the efficacy of direct acting antivirals (DAAs) therapy in Brazil. The aim of this historical cohort study is to describe the sustained virologic response (SVR) rate among real-world compensated chronic hepatitis C patients in three hepatology centers from Southern Brazil. Materials and methods. Patients were included if they had at least 12 weeks follow-up after the end of therapy. Patients that were lost to follow-up or had treatment prematurely interrupted for any reason were considered treatment failure in this intention to treat analysis. Results. 219 patients were analyzed. Mean age was 57.4 ± 10.9 years and 142/219 (64.8%) were male. Genotype 1 was present in 166 patients (75.8%; 1a 29.2%, 1b 46.6%); Genotypes 2, 3 and 4 in 8 (3.7%), 43 (19.6%) and 2 (0.9%), respectively. 96 (43.8%) were cirrhotic. 134 (59.5%) were treatment experienced. DAA therapies were: sofosbuvir (SOF) + ribavirin (RBV) in 10 patients; SOF + simeprevir (SMV) ± RBV in 73; SOF + pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) + RBV in 6; SOF + daclatasvir (DCV) ± RBV in 51, SOF + ledipasvir (LDV) ± RBV in 61, and paritaprevir/ritonavir + ombitasvir + dasabuvir (PTVr/OBV/DSV) ± RBV in 18 patients. SVR-12 was achieved in 208/219 (95%). Ten patients had virologic failure: 6 cirrhotic, 7 treatment experienced, and 6 either genotype 3 or 1a. No adverse event was attributed to the DAA therapy. Conclusions. Real world experience with DAA therapy in Southern Brazil showed a high rate of SVR and excellent tolerability. Failure to achieve SVR was mainly observed among patients with at least one negative predictor of response: cirrhosis and/or genotypes 1a or 3.
Outcomes for Cirrhotic Patients with Hepatitis C Virus 1b Treated with Asunaprevir and Daclatasvir Combination Akihiro Tamori, Hoang Hai, Sawako Uchida-Kobayashi, Masaru Enomoto, Ritsuzo Kozuka, Hiroyuki Motoyama, Etsushi Kawamura, Atsushi Hagihara, Yuga Teranishi, Kanako Yoshida, Hiroyasu Morikawa, Yoshiki Murakami, Norifumi Kawada Page 734-741
Background. The efficacy and safety of asunaprevir + daclatasvir combination therapy for treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in compensated cirrhotic patients was not fully evaluated in real-world. Outcomes were assessed in cirrhotic patients with sustained viral response (SVR). Material and methods. A total of 145 patients without resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) at L31 and Y93 in the nonstructural protein 5A of HCV genotype 1b, consisting of 49 hepatic cirrhotic and 96 non-cirrhotic patients, were enrolled to the therapy. The patients were treated with 100 mg asunaprevir twice daily plus 60 mg daclatasvir once daily for 24 weeks. The primary endpoint was SVR 24 weeks after completing treatment. In addition, we evaluated the improvement of liver function and development of HCC for 1 year from the end of treatment (EOT). Results. The SVR24 rate was 96% (47/49) in the cirrhotic group and 96% (91/95) in the non-cirrhotic group (p = 0.69). During treatment, grade III/IV adverse events occurred more frequently in cirrhotic patients (10/49; 20.4%) than in non-cirrhotic patients (10/96; 10.4%) (p = 0.099). After EOT, alanine aminotransferase and AFP levels were significantly decreased in cirrhotic patients with SVR. In addition, serum levels of albumin and platelet counts were significantly increased. On the other hand, the rates of HCC recurrence (43%) and development (7.4%) were higher in cirrhotic patients than in the non-cirrhotic patients (12.5% and 1.1%, respectively). Conclusion. RAS-oriented asunaprevir/daclatasvir therapy has a strong anti-HCV effect in patients with HCV genotype 1b. However, careful management is necessary in patients with cirrhosis.
Effect of Vitamin D Serum Levels and GC Gene Polymorphisms in Liver Fibrosis Due to Chronic Hepatitis C Laura A. Azevedo, Ursula Matte, Themis R. Silveira, Jacqueline W. Bonfanti, Juliana P. Bruch, Mário R. Álvares-da-Silva Page 742-748
Introduction and aim. Vitamin D has been associated with chronic liver diseases and low vitamin levels may contribute to progression of chronic hepatitis C. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of vitamin D serum levels and GC gene polymorphisms in the severity of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype 1. Material and methods. Cross-sectional study that enrolled 132 adult patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 attended at the outpatient Clinic of Gastroenterology Division at Hospital de Cl?nicas de Porto Alegre. At the time of enrollment patients had a blood withdraw for serum 25(OH)D determination and genotypic analysis of rs7041 and rs4588 polymorphisms in GC gene. None/mild fibrosis was considered as METAVIR F0, F1 and F2 and severe fibrosis as METAVIR F3 and F4. Results. Median 25(OH)D levels in the sample were 19.9 ng/mL (P25-P75: 14.0-29.4). Fifty percent of patients presented vitamin D deficiency (< 20 ng/mL). In stepwise multiple linear regression the variables associated with 25(OH)D levels were blood withdrawn in Winter/spring season, the haplotypes AT/AT + AG/AT of rs7041 and rs4588 and female sex. For evaluation of severe fibrosis, variables associated in logistic regression were age, vitamin D severe deficiency (< 10 ng/mL), glucose levels, BMI and platelets count. Conclusions. Vitamin D levels are associated with severity of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 patients. Although the rs7041 and rs4588 GC polymorphisms are strong predictors of vitamin D levels, they do not play a direct role in liver fibrosis.
Early Successes in an Open Access, Provincially Funded Hepatitis C Treatment Program in Prince Edward Island Jordan W. Francheville, Robin Rankin, Jeremy Beck, Connie Hoare, Stefanie Materniak, Greg German, Lisa Barrett, Natalie Bunimov-Wall, Daniel Smyth Page 749-758
Introduction. The availability of curative hepatitis C therapies has created an opportunity to improve delivery and access. Local providers, government, industry, and community groups in Prince Edward Island developed an innovative province-wide care model. Our goal was to describe the first year of program implementation. Material and methods. Using a community based prospective observational study design, all chronic hepatitis C referrals received from April 2015 to April 2016 were recorded in a database. Primary analysis assessed the time from referral to assessment/treatment, as well as the number of referrals, assessments, and treatment initiations. Secondary objectives included: 1) Treatment effectiveness using intention-to-treat analysis; and 2) Patient treatment experience assessed using demographics, adverse events, and medication adherence. Results. During the study period 242 referrals were received, 123 patients were seen for intake assessments, and 93 initiated direct-acting antiviral therapy based on medical need. This is compared to 4 treatment initiations in the previous 2 years. The median time from assessment to treatment initiation was 3 weeks. Eighty-two of 84 (97.6%, 95% CI 91.7 - 99.7%) patients for whom outcome data were available achieved sustained virologic response at 12 weeks post-treatment; 1 was lost to follow-up and 1 died from an unrelated event. In the voluntary registry, 39.7% of patients reported missed treatment doses. Conclusion. In conclusion, results from the first 12 months of this multi-phase hepatitis C elimination strategy demonstrate improved access to treatment, and high rates of safe engagement and cure for patients living with chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 infections.
The Histopathological Features and CT/MRI Imaging Performances in Hepatic Angiomyolipoma Patients Hongtao Wei, Hui Liu, Yuhan Chen, Xiaowei Xue, Honglei Weng, Huiguo Ding Page 759-764
Aim. To evaluate the diagnostic value of dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the differential diagnosis of hepatic angiomyolipoma (HAML) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to clarify the relationship between histopathological features and CT or MRI imaging performances in HAML. Material and methods. Six HAML and 33 non-cirrhotic HCC patients confirmed by histopathology were retrospectively analyzed. The serum biomarkers, CT and MRI examinations were conventionally performed before the confirmatory histological diagnosis. The clinical data from their medical records was also analyzed. Results. Six HAML patients were annotated as two types according to CT and MRI imaging characteristics, including hypovascular type (n = 1) and hypervascular type (n = 5). The imaging performances of the 33 HCC patients were hypervascular type. Moreover, all the 5 hypervascular type HAML patients were misdiagnosed as HCC by CT or MRI. We also found that the hypervascular type of HAML patients contained more vessels and less fatty tissues in histopathology than hypovascular type of HAML patients. However, the clinical features included HCC high risk factors (hepatitis B or C), non-specific symptoms, male and increased serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP) were more common in HCC patients than HAML patients (P < 0.05, respectively). Conclusions. The CT or MRI imaging performances of HAML patients containing more vessels and less fatty tissues in histopathology resemble the imaging performance of HCC patients. These clinical features may be of great help in the differential diagnosis in the current clinical practices.
Wait Time for Curative Intent Radio Frequency Ablation is Associated with Increased Mortality in Patients with Early Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma Mayur Brahmania, Osman Ahmed, Melissa Kelley, Matthew Kowgier, Korosh Khalili, Rob Beecroft, Eberhard L. Renner, David Wong, Hemant Shah, Jordan Feld, Harry L.A. Janssen, Morris Sherman Page 765-771
Introduction. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a recommended curative intent treatment option for patients with early stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We investigated if wait times for RFA were associated with residual tumor, tumor recurrence, need for liver transplantation, or death. Material and methods. We conducted a retrospective study of patients diagnosed with HCC between January 2010 and December 2013 presenting to University Health Network (UHN) in Toronto, Canada. All patients receiving curative intent RFA for HCC were included. Multivariable Cox regression was used to determine if wait times were associated with clinical outcomes. Results. 219 patients were included in the study. 72.6% were male and the median age was 62.7 years (IQR 55.6-71). Median tumor size at diagnosis was 21.5 mm (IQR 17-26); median MELD was 8.7 (IQR 7.2-11.4) and 57.1% were Barcelona stage 0. The cause of liver disease was viral hepatitis in 73.5% (Hepatitis B and C). The median time from HCC diagnosis to RFA treatment was 96 days (IQR 75-139). In multivariate analysis, wait time was not associated with requiring liver transplant or tumor recurrence, however, each incremental 30-day wait time was associated with an increased risk of residual tumor (HR = 1.09; 95% CI 1.01-1.19; p = 0.033) as well as death (HR = 1.23; 95% CI 1.11-1.36; p ? 0.001). Conclusion. Incremental 30-day wait times are associated with a 9% increased risk of residual tumor and a 23% increased risk of death. We have identified system gaps where quality improvement measures can be implemented to reduce wait times and allocate resources for future RFA treatment, which may improve both quality and efficiency of HCC care.
Autoimmune, Cholestatic and Biliary Disease
Validation of the Simplified Criteria for the Diagnosis of Autoimmune Hepatitis in Chilean-Hispanic Patients Roberto Candia, Blanca Norero, Carlos Agüero, Luis Díaz, Juan Pablo Ortega, Rodrigo Wolff, Cristian Hernández-Rocha, Ignacio Duarte, Alejandro Soza, Carlos Benítez, Marco Arrese Page 772-779
Introduction and aim. In 2008 the International autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) Group proposed the simplified diagnostic criteria for this disease. The original cohort study was performed in 11 international centers, but validation studies are scarce in Latin-America. The aim of this study is validate these criteria in Hispanic patients. Material and methods. A retrospective cohort of patients undergoing percutaneous liver biopsy and follow-up of at least 12 months was recruited from a Chilean University hospital. Patients with previous immunosuppressive therapy and liver transplant recipients were excluded. The diagnostic accuracy was analyzed using as gold standard the clinical course during long-term follow-up. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV) and area under the ROC curve (AUROC) were calculated. Results. Four hundred eighty one patients were evaluated, 294 were included. 218 (74.15%) were female, mean age 48.5 (± 12.3) years, mean follow-up 34 (± 18) months. 66 patients had AIH or overlap syndrome (22.45%), 96 (32.65%) non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, 40 (13.61%) primary biliary cholangitis, 31 (10.54%) hepatitis C, 8 (2.72%) hepatitis B, 53 (18.02%) other etiologies. The AUROC for AIH simplified criteria was 0.976. Using a cutoff ≥ 6 and ≥ 7 points, the sensitivity was 86.4% and 54.6%; specificity, 98.7% and 99.6%; PPV, 95% and 97.3%; and NPV, 96.2% and 88.6%, respectively. Conclusion. Simplified criteria for the diagnosis of AIH have a high accuracy in our Chilean-Hispanic cohort. The female gender is strongly associated to AIH and could help in difficult cases. Further studies with a prospective design are necessary to confirm these observations.
Circulating levels of pentraxin-3 (PTX3) in patients with liver cirrhosis Jéssica G. Pereira, Telma Erotides Silva, Emília T. O. Bansho, Edelton F. Morato, José T. Pinheiro, Letícia Muraro-Wildner, Maria Luiza Bazzo, Esther Buzaglo Dantas-Corrêa, Leonardo L. Schiavon, Janaína L. Narciso-Schiavon Page 780-787
Background: Despite the circulating levels of PTX3 were related to the severity of various diseases, there are no studies investigating its role in patients with liver cirrhosis. We aimed to study PTX3 levels in patients with liver cirrhosis. Material and methods. A prospective cohort study included 130 patients hospitalized for acute decompensation of liver cirrhosis, 29 stable cirrhotic outpatients and 32 healthy controls evaluated in a tertiary hospital in Southern Brasil. Results. The median PTX3 level was significantly higher in stable cirrhotic patients compared to controls (2.6 vs. 1.1 ng/mL; p < 0.001), hospitalized cirrhotic patients compared to controls (3.8 vs. 1.1 ng/mL; p < 0.001), and hospitalized cirrhotic patients compared to stable cirrhotic patients (3.8 vs. 2.6 ng/mL; p = 0.001). A positive correlation was found between PTX3 and serum creatinine (r = 0.220; p = 0.012), Chronic Liver Failure - Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (CLIF-SOFA) (r = 0.220; p = 0.010), MELD (r = 0.279; p = 0.001) and Child-Pugh score (r = 0.224; p = 0.010). Significantly higher levels of PTX3 were observed in patients on admission with ACLF (8.9 vs. 3.1 ng/mL; p < 0.001) and MELD score ≥ 20 (6.6 vs. 3.4 ng/mL; p = 0.002). Death within 90 days occurred in 30.8% of patients and was associated with higher levels of PTX3 (5.3 vs. 3.4 ng/mL; p = 0.009). The probability of Kaplan-Meier survival was 77.0% in patients with PTX-3 < 5.3 ng mL (upper tercile) and 53.5% in those with PTX3 ≥ 5.3 ng/mL (p = 0.002). Conclusion. These results indicate the potential for use of PTX3 as an inflammatory biomarker for the prognosis of patients with hepatic cirrhosis.
Algorithm for Screening of Adrenal Function in Stable Patients with Cirrhosis Jonathan Paz-Delgadillo, Roberto Monreal-Robles, Jesús Z. Villarreal-Pérez, Fernando J. Lavalle-González, Héctor J. Maldonado-Garza, Francisco J. Bosques-Padilla Page 788-796
Introduction and aims. Adrenal insufficiency (AI) is common in patients with cirrhosis. We aimed to assess the presence of AI in stable patients with cirrhosis using the gold-standard insulin tolerance test (ITT) and to propose an algorithm for screening AI in these patients. Material and methods. We studied 40 stable patients with cirrhosis. We determined the basal total (BTC) and peak cortisol (PTC) levels. Using the ITT, we defined AI as a serum PTC < 18 μg/dL at 30 min after insulin-induced hypoglycemia. We assessed the diagnostic accuracy of BTC in different stages of liver disease to discriminate between those with NAF and AI. Results. Of the 40 patients, 24 (60%) presented with AI. Child-Pugh and MELD scores differed between the NAF and AI groups (Child-Pugh: NAF 7.2 ± 1.7 vs. AI 8.8 ± 2.4, p = 0.024 and MELD: NAF 9.9 ± 2.5 vs. AI 14.9 ± 6.3, p = 0.001). The BTC level was lower in patients with AI than in those with NAF (7.2 ± 2.4 vs. 12.5 ± 5.2, p < 0.001). A BTC value ≤ 10.0 μg/dL had a 96% sensitivity (negative predictive value: 90%) for identifying AI. This cutoff value (BTC ≤ 10.0 μg/dL) provided 100% specificity (positive predictive value: 100%) in patients with advanced liver disease (Child-Pugh ≥ 9 or MELD ≥ 12). Conclusion. An algorithm including the use of BTC and the severity of liver disease may be a useful and simple method for assessing adrenal function in stable patients with cirrhosis.
Clinical Characteristics and Complications of Pediatric Liver Biopsy: A Single Centre Experience Patricia Almeida, Richard A. Schreiber, Jennifer Liang, Quais Mujawar, Orlee R. Guttman Page 797-801
Introduction. Percutaneous liver biopsy (LB) is the gold standard method for evaluation and management of patients with liver disease. The purpose of this study was to characterize pediatric patients undergoing LB at British Columbia Children's Hospital, and to determine the rate and timing of complications following the procedure. Material and methods. The medical records of all pediatric patients who underwent LB during a six-year retrospective study were reviewed to collect demographic and procedure-related data. Results. 223 LBs were performed, and 179 of these biopsies were percutaneous or transjugular. Elevated liver enzymes and cholestasis together accounted for almost 70% of the indications for LB, and the histological analysis of liver tissue yielded a specific diagnosis in 89 % of the cases. There were no deaths and no major complications related to LB. The most frequent minor complication was pain (59% of LBs) and the other complications were bleeding-related and classified as minor. The vast majority of complications (88%) were recognized within 8 h of the LB. Conclusions. LB is a valuable and safe procedure in pediatric patients with a low rate of complications. Pediatric patients can be discharged home safely should no complications occur within the first 8-12 h after the procedure.
Clinical and Laboratory Associations with Persistent Hyperferritinemia in 373 Black Hemochromatosis and Iron Overload Screening Study Participants James C. Barton, J. Clayborn Barton, Paul C. Adams Page 802-811
Background. 373 black participants had elevated screening and post-screening serum ferritin (SF) (> 300 μg/L men; > 200 μg/L women). Material and methods. We retrospectively studied SF and post-screening age; sex; body mass index; transferrin saturation (TS); ALT; AST; GGT; elevated C-reactive protein; ß-thalassemia; neutrophils; lymphocytes; monocytes; platelets; metacarpophalangeal joint hypertrophy; hepatomegaly; splenomegaly; diabetes; HFE H63D positivity; iron/alcohol intakes; and blood/erythrocyte transfusion units. Liver disease was defined as elevated ALT or AST. We computed correlations of SF and TS with: age; body mass index; ALT; AST; GGT; C-reactive protein; blood cell counts; and iron/alcohol. We compared participants with SF > 1,000 and ≤ 1,000 μg/L and performed regressions on SF. Results. There were 237 men (63.5%). Mean age was 55 ± 13 (SD) y. 143 participants had liver disease (62 hepatitis B or C). There were significant correlations of SF: TS, ALT, AST, GGT, and monocytes (positive); and SF and TS with platelets (negative). 22 participants with SF > 1,000 μg/L had significantly higher median TS, ALT, and AST, and prevalences of anemia and transfusion > 10 units; and lower median platelets. Regression on SF revealed significant associations: TS; male sex; age; GGT; transfusion units (positive); and splenomegaly (negative) (p < 0.0001, 0.0016, 0.0281, 0.0025, 0.0001, and 0.0096, respectively). Five men with SF > 1,000 μg/L and elevated TS had presumed primary iron overload (hemochromatosis). Four participants had transfusion iron overload. Conclusion. Persistent hyperferritinemia in 373 black adults was associated with male sex, age, TS, GGT, and transfusion. 2.4% had primary iron overload (hemochromatosis) or transfusion iron overload.
Multiple Biliary Hamartomas, The ''Von Meyenburg Complexes'' Joel O. Jáquez-Quintana, Erick A. Reyes-Cabello, Francisco J. Bosques-Padilla Page 812-813
Monosegmental ALPPS after Bilateral Hepatectomy Klaus Steinbrück, Marcelo D, Renato Cano, Marcelo Enne Page 814-817
Associated liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) has emerged as an alternative for patients with bilobar colorectal liver metastasis and a small future liver remnant (FLR). In cases of extensive disease, ALPPS can be performed, leaving only one segment of the liver as FLR. We describe a case of monosegmental ALPPS using segment 4 as FLR. In conclusion, ALPPS should be reserved for a selected group of patients. Monosegmental ALPPS is feasible, but should be performed by hepatobiliary surgeons in specialized centers.
Acute Liver Failure Due to Etodolac, a Selective Cycloxygenase- 2 (COX -2) Inhibitor Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Established by RUCAM-Based Causality Assessment Sunil Taneja, Pramod Kumar, Sahaj Rathi, Ajay Duseja, Virendra Singh, Radha Krishan Dhiman, Yogesh Kumar Chawla Page 818-821
Drug induced liver injury is a common cause of acute liver failure (ALF). While most of these cases are due to dose dependent hepatotoxicity with acetaminophen, idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is responsible for about 15% cases of ALF. Antibiotics are the most common cause of idiosyncratic DILI as well as DILI induced ALF. Etodolac is a selective cycloxygenase- 2 (COX -2) inhibitor non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used as an analgesic and anti-inflammatory in musculoskeletal diseases. Severe liver impairment is extremely rare. Till date, only 3 cases of ALF related to etodolac have been reported in the literature. Here we report two cases with a unique presentation of ALF occurring due to DILI caused by etodolac, as diagnosed by Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method (RUCAM).


The forum is dead... nobody comes here anymore... All the people that pass here everyday do not post anymore :( But is good to see you.
Just thought I would share that with everybody.
Check out the support site at http://iconshock.rsds.ca and let me know what you think. I would be interested in any comments or suggestions.
Vilains vs goods would you swap?
feel free to swap with me!!!
I just registered myself on the site, spent 50 points because I thought the drawings of "Finding Nemo" were in Corel Draw. I need them in Corel!
Hi this is too stopped is there any news about everybody? According to what I see everyday is there any new IS fan that has appear in the last days?
I think I'd put my money on the counter-strike team. The aliens look too friendly.
Hey can I trade you so we both have the full set?
free icon in blog : any limitation ?


text:
Bounty Tracker is a 1993 Direct-To-Video action film starring Lorenzo Lamas and Matthias Hues. It was directed by Kurt Anderson.

Plot
Staff in a tax advisor office are brutally killed by a group of professional assassins led by the ruthless Erik Gauss; used survivor is Paul Damone unaware that his colleague, Greco, used the office to launder the dirty money of the gangster Louis Sarazin, and that he found testimony as head of his impending trial. Paul's brother Johnny is an ex-cop turned bounty hunter in Boston. When he arrives in Los Angeles he finds him in his brother's house, he is associated by the police assigned to protect him; in a second ambush, however, the killers manage to kill Paul in his home, so Johnny goes on their trail to take revenge.

Cast

References

External links

1993 films
1993 action films
American martial arts films
1993 martial arts films
1990s English-language films
Films directed by Kurt Anderson
1990s American films

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Gonioctena är ett släkte av skalbaggar som beskrevs av Louis Alexandre Auguste Chevrolat 1837. Gonioctena ingår i familjen bladbaggar.

Kladogram enligt Catalogue of Life och Dyntaxa:

Bildgalleri

Källor

Externa länkar

Bladbaggar
Gonioctena