If you have found a dog you can report it using the Report a found dog form .
The Leeds City Council dog warden service operates Monday to Friday 8:30am to 4:30pm. During busy periods they may not be able to collect a dog until the following working day. We recommend taking the dog to your local vet to see whether it has an identification chip which will contain the owners details. Please make sure that the dog is kept in a secure area and cannot escape. The dog will need water and, if possible, some food.
If you need to use the kennel service for a found dog during the times when the dog warden service is not available, please contact the above kennel on 07710 232372 beforehand to arrange a suitable appointment.
A Leeds City Council dog warden can collect a found dog from you and take them to kennels with which we have contracts.The dog will be kept there for 7 days. After 7 days the dog will become the responsibility of the kennel. Kennel details can be found in the kennel information section of this page.
If you have lost your dog you should use the Report a lost dog form .
If we pick up a dog matching the description you have provided we will contact you. You should also contact the council-affiliated kennels listed in Kennels used by LCC dog wardens as well as other local kennels, vets or the Dogs Trust in case somebody else has found your dog and handed it in. You may also want to check the Dead cats and dogs register page to see if we have picked up your pet.
Our dog wardens also run a Facebook page: Leeds Found Dogs. If a stray dog is found and has to be put into kennels, if we can't contact the owner or it isn't microchipped, we will post a picture of it there along with additional details.
From April 2016, all dogs must be microchipped by law. You can find free microchipping events by Dogs Trust near you.


Ice Worlds is a 28-min show produced by Houston Museum of Natural Science for planetariums and digital dome theatres. Info, trailer & full preview available.
Ice Worlds is a tour of the icy landscapes of our solar system, especially our home planet Earth.
In Ice Worlds audiences explore the critical relationship between ice and life – "a tale of friend and foe, enabling, challenging, supporting and adapting" – that has developed over millions of years.
Includes FREE museum kiosk software teaching about ice, polar animals, and global climate change.


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Here is a brief profile on Indian shooting. Read for information on shooting sport in India
Home : Sports in India : Shooting in India
In India, shooting is generally regarded as an expensive sport, which only the affluent, powerful and the talented with institutional support can pursue as a serious career. This is the reason why the sport remains as the secondary choice of the sports enthusiasts in India. Nonetheless, with the good work of Indian shooters coming into limelight, more and more youngsters are opting for shooting sport as their profession. Today, shooting has proved to be a stiff competitor of games including cricket and badminton, which score more in popularity.
The recent achievements of veteran shooters like Abhinav Bindra (who won the first individual Olympic gold medalist for India) and Major Rajyavardhan Rathore (who won the silver medal in Men's Double Trap at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens) have become the role models for the young Indian shooters. Now, more and more shooters are working hard to prove their dexterity in shooting at the international level and bring laurels to the country. The National Rifle Association has played its part in uplifting the standard of shooting as a sport in India. The organization has helped the Indian shooters a great deal in getting international exposure and concentrate on their honing skills.
Shooting Sport in India
History of Shooting Sport in India | National Rifle Association of India
Famous Indian Shooters
Abhinav Bindra | Anjali Bhagwat | Jaspal Rana | Dr. Karni Singh | Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore | Randhir Singh | Samresh Jung

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: How to set X-Axis values as dates in matplotlib? I am generating a plot from a ML model which is predicting stock prices from yahoo finance.
The plot consists of actual_prices + predicted_prices.
I want to change the x axis values to my test data time range, but this removes the plots completely when I try to set an xlim.
I want these same plots but with the 0-500 x axis values changed to the test_start and test_end datetime values like the 2nd picture:

When I include plt.gca().set_xlim(test_start, test_end)', the plots disappear:

Relevant code for:

*

*Loading test data

test_start = dt.datetime(2020, 9, 19)
test_end = dt.datetime.now()

test_data = web.DataReader(company, 'yahoo', test_start, test_end)
actual_prices = test_data['Close'].values

*

*Plot

plt.plot(actual_prices, color='black', label=f"Actual {company} Price")
plt.plot(predicted_prices, color='green', label=f"Predicted {company} Price")
plt.title(f'Predicted {company} Share Price for tomorrow: {prediction}')
    #plt.gca().xaxis.set_major_locator(mdates.DayLocator(interval=500))
#plt.gca().set_xlim(time_start, time_end)
plt.xlabel(f'Data shown from {time_start} until {time_end}')
plt.ylabel(f'{company} Share Price')
plt.legend()

plt.show()

I think it may be because the dates time_start and time_end do not exist within the predicted_prices np.array and therefore cannot be plotted against? If so, how can I plot the dates against actual_prices whilst still including the predicted_prices line?

A: You need to submit the indices themselves, i.e. Date and then the price data. Below I give an example with two lines, the data has different lengths, I took the data through the slice and placed it for drawing. If there is no Date data for predicted prices, then you need to create one and put it in ax.plot.
import pandas_datareader.data as web
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

test_data = web.DataReader('F', 'yahoo', start='2018-08-31', end='2018-10-31')
print(test_data)

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.plot(test_data.index[15:], test_data['Close'][15:])
ax.plot(test_data.index[:20], test_data['Close'][:20])
fig.autofmt_xdate()

plt.show()

Update
test_data = web.DataReader('F', 'yahoo', start='2018-08-31', end='2018-10-31')

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.plot(test_data.index, test_data['Close'])
ax.plot(test_data.index[15:35], test_data['Close'][:20])
fig.autofmt_xdate()

plt.show()

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Dubai puts $20.2bn Jumeirah Central project on hold – report
The mega project replaced the previously announced Mall of the World at a site opposite Dubai's Mall of the Emirates
Government-owned master developer Dubai Holding has put $20.2bn mega project Jumeirah Central on hold just over a year after its launch, according to reports.
UAE-based news site Zawya cited sources as confirming Dubai Holding was reassessing the project, with a number of senior executives dedicated to it leaving the organisation or being redeployed.
Those moving on include Jumeirah Central chief operating officer Morgan Parker, who helped launch the project last September after shifting from his previous role as COO of the $21bn Mall of the World, it said.
The role change followed the moving of the 2014 mega project, featuring the world's largest shopping mall, a theme park and 100 hotels and serviced apartments, to a new location so Jumeirah Central could take its place at a site opposite Dubai's Mall of the Emirates on Sheikh Zayed Road.
Read: Jumeirah Central to take Mall of the World site, feature world firsts
The new Jumeirah Central design covered 47 million square feet of gross floor area and included three malls, 7,200 hotel rooms and accommodation for 35,000 residents, alongside 40 entertainment attractions and 33 parks.
The first building in the $6.5bn first phase, comprising one third of the total development, was expected to be completed in 2020.
Read: Dubai reveals massive new project on Sheikh Zayed Road – Jumeirah Central
The publication said a change in management at Dubai Holding since the launch, with Abdulla Al Habbai replacing Mohammed Abdullah Al-Gergawi as chairman in March and Edris Alrafi replacing Fadel al-Ali as CEO shortly after, was behind the decision to halt the project.
Read: Dubai Holding appoints new CEO, denies any merger plans
Dubai Holding said in a statement it was prioritising projects that would be ready for Expo 2020 and help draw tourists to the emirate including the Dhs6.3bn ($1.7bn) Marsa Al Arab announced in May.
"As a result, we are currently focusing our resources on projects such as Marsa Al Arab. We are still committed to Jumeirah Central but the project is currently being revaluated to meet expected future market demand," a spokesperson told the publication.
"This decision has resulted in an organisational restructuring that will see Morgan Parker stepping down from his role by the end of this year."


GCN has established itself as the world-leading Youtube-based resource on cycling. Informative, aspirational and hugely entertaining, the team behind GCN are committed to giving you unrivalled access that takes you deep into the world of cycling, a place where we're coming from too. Our aims are aligned with theirs in many respects, and our apparel is a way for them to stay firmly at the heart of peloton.
Cycling has always been a sport open to the masses.
From being a free roadside spectator to rolling around public roads and forests, cycling is for everyone and this attitude is wholly reflected in the work of global cycling network. So if ever there were a show that merited ASSOS apparel then this would be it.
The GCN Pro Team jersey puts you at the centre of the action and the head of the pack.
From your riverside chaingang to an Italian epic come summer, the GCN Pro Team bibshorts are the right cycling shorts for the job.
A cycling-savvy, warm-weather jersey with Global Cycling Network spirit.
A traditional cycling short elevated with Global Cycling Network credentials.
Global Triathlon Network is at the forefront of a movement. An online platform and YouTube channel dedicated to conveying the intricacies and insider info from the hotly competitive and captivating sport of triathlon, GTN is on hand to cultivate, inspire and educate triathletes from across the globe. So are we.
As triathlon gains momentum, the balancing act of the three legs remains an integral part of its challenge. The cycling, which comes after the swim and before the run, is where we come in. Teaming up with GTN confirms the importance of comfort in the saddle whether one is kitting out to do an Ironman, a sprint triathlon, or an extreme off-road tri. GTN have the lowdown on training but we have the equipment in which to do it.


2004 Paver was brought in for a complete rebuild. All asphalt was removed, it was power washed and inspected for repairs. New hoses, parts and engine were installed. It received a new paint job and new decals. Just like new.


text:
Cara Sun, Manager Email Us
L Modern Art Gallery
300 5th Avenue South, Ste. 113, Naples, Florida 34102
Monday - Saturday: 10 am - 9 pm
"My inspiration derives from an eternity of instinct, and arrives at a sudden conclusion. I do not care whether it resides on the peak of a snow-capped mountain, in the cup of a delicate flower, or whether it gallops onward like the frothing waters of a mountain river, or trickles like a drop of morning dew. It is all my work and shall never be without limitation." – L. Li
Chinese born L. Li is a master artist who combines the traditional Asian artistic techniques with the Western focus on the contemporary. He is an artist that is truly ahead of his time and continues to make great waves on the global art scene. Born in Dalian China in 1958, Li began training with his father at the age of seven to become an artist.
Shortly thereafter he was sent to the countryside during the Cultural Revolution, where he constructed roads, quarried for stone in the mountains, built houses, planted and harvested crops, taught at a rural elementary school, and was a guard at a fishery. Despite the deviation from his artistic path, Li returned to the city and studied sculpture, and in 1978, became the director of the Dalian Wa Fang Dian Teachers School, Sculpture Factory. In 1979, Li became a student at the Lu Xun Academy of Fine Arts and upon completion of his studies, continued on at the school not a student, but a professor of traditional Chinese painting and sketching.
Li journeyed to America in 1992 as a visiting scholar at Appalachian State University in Boone, North Carolina. He is currently based in Atlanta, Georgia


text:
NILRR Weekly Clipsheet March 28, 2014
Pro-Union Monopoly Statutes Menace U.S. Cities
www.nrtw.org, March 27, 2014
In addition to affirming the Motor City's insolvency, Judge Rhodes made it clear that Detroit has the legal authority to reduce public employee pension benefits negotiated by government union chiefs who have for decades wielded monopoly-bargaining power under Michigan law.
Reflecting on last month's historic decision regarding the fate of Detroit, National Right to Work Committee President Mark Mix expressed his hope that, in addition to the parties directly affected by this case, elected officials across the country would "recognize the opportunity" for a fresh start.
Mr. Mix explained: "Detroit's bloated and grossly inefficient municipal workforce is a direct result of government-granted monopoly-bargaining power.
VW and the UAW vs. Workers, Democracy and Free Speech
Michigan Capitol Confidential, March 28, 2014
The election loss is another example of why card check is a poor organizing method. A majority of VW employees signed cards last year, but the February vote shows that there might have been credence to those opposed to the UAW. Eight employees, represented by the National Right to Work Legal Foundation, charged that, "the UAW solicited, enticed, and/or demanded VW employees' signatures by unlawful means including misrepresentations, coercion, threats, and promises."
From 2003-3013, Real Private-Sector Compensation Growth in Right to Work States Was Nearly Twice as Great as in Forced-Unionism States
www.nilrr.org, March 27, 2014
Citing data released by the U.S. Commerce Department's Bureau of Economic Analysis earlier the same day, on March 25 James Hohman of the Mackinac Center for Public Policy reported that, in the aggregate, personal income (unadjusted for inflation) grew by 2.8% last year in the 24 states with Right to Work laws on the books, compared to growth of just 2.4% for the 26 states that still lack such laws.
Obama Kills College Sports
Townhall.com, March 27, 2014
The National Labor Relations Board in Chicago has decided that college athletes – who are getting a subsidized education and a shot at a multi-million dollar career – have the right to unionize as employees. The Labor backed effort to unionize college students who play games as an "education", according to the Chicago NLRB, now have a seat at the "bargaining table" in college athletics… Because, obviously, consumers of higher education (AKA: "students") don't currently have any seat at the "bargaining table".
Loudoun Supervisors Eye Federal Funds For Park-And-Ride Lots
Leesburg Today, March 26, 2014
Supervisors expressed some concerns that accepting federal money for park-and-ride lots might expose the projects to federal regulations, with specific concern given to a potential requirement of a project labor agreement since Virginia is a right-to-work state.
Labor Lawyers Predict NLRB Fumble on Football Decision
The National Law Journal, March 27, 2014
Labor lawyers are skeptical that a decision by a National Labor Relations Board official in Chicago giving football players at Northwestern University a green light to unionize would survive judicial scrutiny.
Missouri unions rally against right-to-work bill
Lake News Online, March 28, 2014
Burlison's right-to-work bill is currently on the House debate calendar and, if passed, would require voter approval in August. That proposal stipulates that any labor contract requiring employees to join a labor organization or pay union fees would have no legal effect.
Boeing offers scant info on which engineers will lose jobs
Seattle Times, March 27, 2014
About 2,000 Boeing engineers and technical staff have been in limbo since before Christmas, when management abruptly announced that about half of them will likely lose their jobs as work is moved to Alabama, South Carolina and Missouri.
Walter Mead On Public Pensions And Municipal Bankruptcies
Real Clear Politics, March 25, 2014
Mead: There's some public outcry. But, unfortunately there's a kind of a conspiracy between government officials, politicians, and union leaders often. The deal is this: Union leader wants to show the union members, hey belonging to the union is a good thing, I get you benefits. You get more with me than you'd get on your own. So I go into the negotiations with management of the city or the state government and I come back so you'll say, "wow he's a great union leader, I don't begrudge him a penny of his salary because this union is working for me." Well here's the problem: If you're asking for a big raise for members this year, the politicians have to pay it this year. And that means they have to tax the voters, voters don't like to be taxed to pay for your raise, or they got to cut spending on something else to get the money, well voters don't like it when politicians cut spending on their favorite programs.
Nine of the 10 Top-Ranking States For 2013 Cost of Living-Adjusted Disposable Income Have Right to Work Laws
Grass Roots Activism-Union Boss Style


text:
"The Terror": Imperialist Insanity at its Most Artistic
In Uncategorized on May 17, 2018 at 00:27
"The Terror" is an AMC show (10 episodes) about a 1845 British expedition in search of a Northwest passage from England to China and India through the Arctic. It is a fictionalized account of a historical trip into the Arctic of the British vessels the Erebus and Terror. Following incomplete charts from previous missions into the Arctic, they travel into the frozen north. Sounds dull, right? Wrong. The Terror lives up to its title and then some.
The Terror features an obsessed captain, John Franklin, that Captain Ahab might tell to chill out. He is so insecure that he risks the lives of two ships full of seamen just to prove he's worthy of a favorable position in the naval hierarchy. The British Empire of the 19th Century didn't worry about sending men off to die if it meant glory for the crown, and the ventures of the ships Erebus and Terror is no different.
The cast is excellent and the dialogue is some of the best I have heard on TV since "The Wire." Like 'The Wire', 'The Terror' uses colloquial language specific to the time and culture, 1840s British naval vessels in the Arctic. The language is effective in setting tone and creating character.
The actors who play the three captains are varied and compelling in their own way. Each captain is unique and that leads to his demise or survival on the journey. However, they aren't the only characters that make the show work. Cornelius Hickey, Lady Silence, and Harry Goodsir are some of the most compelling characters among many that inhabit the show.
The three directors for the ten episodes of season one (I have no idea if there will be a season two, and there is no need for one) make spectacular use of the Arctic back drop, the ships (inside and out) and the campsites to create a stunning backdrop for the terror that ensues.
There is plenty of foreshadowing in The Terror, but how it plays out is fascinating. The darkness, the cold, the stark landscapes, makes the crew mad and ill with unknown ailments. Like all good horror shows, we are never certain what will happen to the characters, even though we assume it's not going to be good.
The Terror is a tale of desperation and hope, of death and glory, of obsession and survival. It shows how far a nation will go, England, and how many lives they will risk for money and fame. The brutality of the British in 'The Terror' should be a lesson to all of the people in the U.S. who support conquest and torture and venturing where we aren't wanted into hostile and unknown territory.
Rating: Pay Full Price
It's compelling and if you like horror and history, doubly so.
« Before "You Were Never Really Here": a review. May 6, 2018
AfterNotorious RBG is a Notorious Advertisement for a Failed United States Democracy May 25, 2018 »


text:
Леонгардтит (; ; ) — мінерал, старкіїт із зони вивітрювання соляних родов. Саксонії (Німеччина).

Загальний опис
Хімічна формула: Mg[SO4]· 4H2O.

Сингонія моноклінна. Вид призматичний.

Спайність по (100) і (010).

Зустрічається як вицвіт на кізериті в калійних родовищах Саксонії.

Названий за прізвищем німецького кристалографа Й. Леонгардта (J. Leonhardt), W. Berdesinski, 1952.

Див. також
 Список мінералів

Примітки

Література

Посилання
 Леонгардтит  // ЕСУ

Сульфати (мінерали)
Мінерали магнію
Мінерали, названі на честь людей

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


In a society where the laws fail to protect the innocent, those laws must not (I repeat MUST NOT) be followed! Until every cage is empty, no quarter should be given to the enemies of justice who stand in the way of complete liberation!
How can the life of one living sentient being be the property of another? Watching the DxE video where they did an open rescue in San Francisco and people are whining on the news clip that by rescuing the chickens DxE is violating someone's property rights. It is embarrassing to the people ignorant enough to believe that it is okay to own a life.
Slavery is still alive and well, we've just changed the species of the victims. This is 2017, but we are just as barbaric as the Romans were joyfully watching people being torn to shreds by lions. Legally, yes, people have a right to own animal slaves. Morally, animal rights activists have the right to do anything necessary to free animals from these situations should the enslavers refuse to rescind their claim to own a living being.
The life of the human denying justice to those animals is not more valuable than the animals whose life he takes. Those involved in animal agriculture have put themselves at war with justice. They cannot ask protection from justice by saying what they are doing is legal.


Help us build on LSBU's rich history in engineering, which we've been teaching for over 100 years. This broad-based course will deepen your understanding of core mechanical engineering disciplines, as well as developing the research and business skills demanded by the industry.
We offer sophisticated facilities, including a virtual reality suite and advanced CAD-CAM capability. Laboratories are well equipped for experimentation in solids, solid-mechanics and thermofluids. In addition to structured sessions, you'll be able to take full advantage of our facilities for your major project.
Professionally accredited by the Institution of Mechanical Engineers (IMechE).
Modules are informed by applied research from within the department and from close links within industry and enterprise organisations.
Research and business skills are developed through specific modules, using engineering examples and case studies. What's more, our course incorporates a management-related module focused on entrepreneurship and project management.
The major project offers the opportunity to specialise in one area, which may be relevant to your future employment or further research aspirations.
Assessment is comprised of examinations, practical work, laboratory reports, log-books, formal reports, presentations and a spoken examination following competition of your major project.
This module develops the skills needed to gather relevant technical information, how to extract the essence from a piece of technical literature, how to carry out a critical review of a research paper, how to write a feasibility report, how to give presentations and put your thoughts across effectively, and how to manage a project in a group project environment.
You'll be guided towards identifying a technology project idea and evaluate its business potential by conducting detailed research and analysis.The outcomes from this will serve as the basis for implementation of the selected technology in the business sense, developing the appropriate commercialisation strategy, and writing a business plan for your high-tech start-up company.
This module broadens your knowledge base, and will involve case studies and practical work that demonstrate how advanced analysis is employed in the engineering design process. The module will involve the application of finite element analysis (FEA) and CAD-CAM, with an integrated approach to engineering design.
This module covers the basic concepts of solid mechanics from a mathematical modelling perspective.The module incorporates engineering design and appreciation of sustainability issues as common themes running through the module.You'll need a good background in analytical techniques like linear algebra and differential equations. You'll use classical approaches to solid mechanics together with modern approaches and deal with complex problems in mechanics both systematically and creatively.
This module provides you with an opportunity to study applied thermodynamics and fluid mechanics, with emphasis on power-producing devices, energy systems and renewable energy. You'll cover experimental techniques for measurement of performance of power-producing devices and fluid mechanic systems in both theory and practice. You'll analyse energy systems, including environmental impact, and develop the ability to critically appraise alternative power-producing devices to meet current and future energy needs.
You'll undertake a major project in an area that is relevant to your MSc in Mechanical Engineering.You'll choose your project and carry it out under the guidance of a supervisor. At the end of the project, you'll present a dissertation, which forms a major element of the assessment.
Our broad-based masters has been designed in accordance with IMechE's guidelines to help you to attain professional awards, including becoming a Chartered Engineer, who typically earn more than their colleagues.
The School has a strong culture of research and extensive research links with industry through consultancy works and Knowledge Transfer Partnerships. We're based in central London, providing excellent access to the professional body head-quarters (IMechE) for attending extra-curricular lectures and use of library resources.
Overseas applicants are required to have a minimum English language IELTS score of 6.5 with no less than 5.5 in any of the components.


text:
Twin Cities Daily Planet (https://www.tcdailyplanet.net/nuclear-option/)
The nuclear option
By Nick Busse () | May 5, 2008
When Minnesotans think of nuclear power, any number of things might come to mind. They might think of a nuclear-powered aircraft carrier patrolling the Persian Gulf, or the incidents at Three Mile Island and Chernobyl. Others might conjure images of doughnut crumbs spilling from Homer Simpson's mouth onto the reactor control panel at the Springfield Nuclear Power Plant.
But as concern over the impact of climate change moves to the forefront of energy policy, advocates for nuclear energy hope to convey an entirely different picture of the technology: one that paints it green rather than glowing green.
"If you believe that greenhouse gasses are causing global climate change, nuclear is a great option," said Rep. Joyce Peppin (R-Rogers).
In the past, proposals to expand nuclear power in the state have faced an uphill battle — and they still do. But the tide may be slowly turning.
Although heavily criticized by environmentalists for the radioactive waste it creates, nuclear power produces zero greenhouse gas emissions. Peppin is one of a growing number of legislators who see nuclear energy as a potential compromise between those concerned about global warming and those who worry that regulating greenhouse gasses will hamstring the state's ability to supply electricity. In fact, Peppin doesn't see very many other options.
"Some might argue that we should be consuming less, but in reality we're not. So we need to meet our needs, and there's only so many options. And nuclear is certainly a viable and safe alternative," she said.
Peppin, a consistent and vocal supporter of nuclear power, isn't sure whether she actually believes that greenhouse gas emissions cause climate change — and until recently, her arguments might've been ignored by those who do. But as the Legislature tries to grapple with the issue of global warming, all options are being put back on the table, including nuclear power.
On April 17, members of two House committees held a joint hearing on new nuclear plant designs and safety technologies. It was the first in what is expected to be an extensive series of discussions in coming years about the future of nuclear power in Minnesota. Although it wasn't brought up directly at the meeting, the underlying issue was whether to lift the state's 12-year-old moratorium on constructing any new nuclear plants.
"I think the movement to remove this ban is clearly gaining ground," Peppin said.
Ed Garvey, director of the Office of Energy Security, recently came out on behalf of Gov. Tim Pawlenty in support of lifting the moratorium. The Minnesota Climate Change Advisory Group recommended that the state consider adding more nuclear power to its energy portfolio to help reach its carbon reduction goals. The issue has also come up several times in recent floor debates, and key DFL committee chairs in the House have pledged their commitment to hold hearings on the issue.
While even supporters acknowledge that it could be decades before a new nuclear plant would be built in the state — even if the moratorium were lifted tomorrow — it's clear that the issue isn't going away anytime soon.
Baseload worries
When it comes to mitigating climate change, renewable energy technologies like solar and wind power are usually the preferred option; however, these technologies have a major drawback: they aren't very good at supplying what's called "baseload capacity."
The term "baseload capacity" refers to the ability to supply electricity constantly, without interruption and regardless of external conditions. Since the sun doesn't always shine and the wind doesn't always blow, solar and wind power don't provide much baseload generation. As a result, most of our energy comes from coal power, which spews an enormous amount of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. In contrast, nuclear plants can generate electricity virtually free of emissions — and unlike most renewable sources, they do provide reliable baseload capacity.
There are currently 104 nuclear power plants operating in the United States. Minnesota has two: one in Monticello and one at Prairie Island, both of them built in the early-1970s and operated by Xcel Energy. Construction of nuclear plants declined rapidly in the 1980s, largely due to safety concerns and still-unresolved problem of what to do with the radioactive waste they produce. As a result, the country has an aging nuclear power industry. Unless more plants are built, nuclear generation in the United States is projected to begin dropping around 2030 and will virtually cease to exist by 2050.
While some might consider that a blessing, it does raise the question of how the United States will meet its growing need for baseload capacity — or even maintain its present levels.
"Baseload is essentially nuclear, hydro or coal. Hydro is tapped out. It's very difficult to build a coal plant now in any of the states because of concerns over carbon emissions. So what you're left with, really, is nuclear," said Richard Reister, the program manager for the U.S. Department of Energy's "Nuclear Power 2010" initiative.
Big plans, big problems
At the April 17 hearing, Reister and other testifiers described a new generation of nuclear plants that are cleaner, safer, and more efficient than previous power plants. New plant designs were showcased that minimize safety concerns while maximizing power output. But Rep. Phyllis Kahn (DFL-Mpls), an 18-term House member who has been around for many of the previous battles over nuclear energy in the Legislature, isn't buying it.
"There are no greenhouse gas emissions from nuclear power — that's completely true. But the question is, 'Is it better than conservation?' We haven't gone to the lengths of what we can do with conservation, so I'm not even interested in looking at that argument until we've dealt with the arguments that I've said need to be answered up front."
The arguments against nuclear power, according to Kahn, are many. Above all is the issue of the waste. A plan to open a national spent fuel repository underneath Yucca Mountain in Nevada has been stalled for decades by political controversy and legal challenges, leaving the waste to be stored in various locations around the country. This has raised fears of catastrophic terrorist attacks or other disasters at waste storage sites.
"We never should've authorized the first plant until we were sure we could solve the waste problem," Kahn said.
Moreover, the challenge of disposing of the waste may actually pale in comparison to the financial problems associated with nuclear power. One of the reasons that so few new nuclear plants have been proposed is simply that they're incredibly expensive to build, and seen as risky investments.
Even with generous federal subsidies and government loans, the capital costs associated with nuclear power are astronomical compared with other energy technologies. Nuclear construction projects are notorious for cost overruns and for not being completed on time. On top of that, no one is certain how much it will cost to decommission and maintain the current generation of nuclear plants once their operational lives expire.
"The whole process from beginning to end really does have to be analyzed to ensure that we understand what all of the costs are, including all the externalities," said Rep. Bill Hilty (DFL-Finlayson).
Hilty, who chairs the House Energy Finance and Policy Division, is committed to holding a series of legislative discussions on nuclear power in coming years. He remains skeptical, however, about the perceived benefits of nuclear energy, and even questions whether it helps reduce greenhouse gasses once you figure in emissions from uranium drilling and construction of the actual plants.
He also doubts the motives of some of nuclear energy's supporters. He mentions one particularly vocal group called the Heartland Institute.
"They pretty consistently are publishing articles by people that are skeptical of the existence of, or at least human involvement in, climate change — and at the same time, that they're promoting nuclear power based on the assumption that we need to curtail carbon emissions. It seems like there might be kind of a logical contradiction," Hilty said.
James Taylor, a senior fellow at the Heartland Institute, was among the testifiers at the April 17 hearing. He expressed particular enthusiasm about a new reactor design by the Westinghouse Electric Corporation, and Hilty noted that Taylor "sounded more like he was a representative from Westinghouse than from the Heartland Institute."
"It didn't sound too much different for me than selling a used car," Hilty added.
In any case, Hilty said a thorough and earnest debate on the issue is needed before any action could be taken by the Legislature. He expects the Legislative Electric Energy Task Force and various House and Senate committees to discuss the issue more over the interim as well as future legislative sessions.
"I think it's an issue that needs to be thoroughly vetted," he said.
molly.salzberger


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Posts Tagged 'Crime'
Picking Cotton: Our Memoir of Injustice and Redemption by Jennifer Thompson-Cannino and Ronald Cotton and Erin Torneo.
A 22 years old college woman was raped at a knife point in the middle of a summer night on her own bed. She managed to study her attacker's facial features and everything about him during the rape. She thought that would help her to correctly identify this assailant.
Jennifer picked Ronald Cotton among other men in a line-up because of Ronald's seemingly close resemblance to her assailant. Ronald Cotton was arrested, but he was sure he would beat this accusation, because he hadn't raped Jennifer, and he was sure he could prove it, unfortunately, his alibi was not enough to free him. Ronald Cotton was convicted of Jennifer's rape and another woman who was raped the same night.
Ronald Cotton was given eleven years in prison despite the lack of a convincing evident. He was transferred to various prisons, but coincidentally ended up in the same prison with another inmate serving life for a similar crime. This inmate confessed the crime to another inmate who happened to like Ronald but the confession was thrown out.
Ronald Cotton was exonerated after eleven years behind bars based on a DNA test. The result of the DNA pointed to the inmate who had earlier confessed to the crime.
Jennifer did not get in touch with Ronald right after his release because of guilt and fear. Ronald's faith, family and his personality helped him to get over his hurt and forgave the woman who accidentally robbed him of 11 years of life. What happened when Jennifer and Ronald finally reunited was the result of forgiveness and redemption..
Tags:Crime, Mary A.'s Picks, Nonfiction, North Carolina, Race
Operation Paperclip by Annie Jacobsen
For anyone who is a history buff, this is one of the best books telling the story of the closing days of WWII. Annie Jacobsen's research is phenomenal. Her book tells the story of the end of the war…. Germany knows it is going to lose……she doesn't even know who the final conqueror will be…Russia or the United States…the US is coming from the West and Russia is barreling towards Germany from the East. To me it is the most detailed story of the war from midway in 1944 to past the their final surrender in April of '45 and beyond !!
Although I was aware that certain top German scientists were shepherded to the United States to continue their research, I had no idea that the total numbered was in the thousands !! It didn't seem to matter to certain US authorities that some of these men (plus a few women) were heinous criminals and deserved to be executed. All these 'patriots' knew was that they must bring this science to the United States.
Considering that the end of WWII occurred almost 70 years ago, it is truly amazing the story that Anne Jacobsen has put together for all of us. If one has any doubt about the truth that she unveils, a few minutes reading of citations and data from archives and from subsequent generations of these men will remove any doubt from your mind. The special program that let these men continue their research included the promise of future citizenship !! was called " Operation Paperclip". And even the name given to the operation has some meaning. The book is long , but once 'hooked' you will find it difficult to put down.
Find and reserve this title in our catalog.
Tags:Crime, Science, Stephen B.'s Picks, World War II
Devil in the Grove: Thurgood Marshall, the Groveland Boys, and the Dawn of a New America by Gilbert King
I love it when I read a book and it leads me to another book and another, etc. A few years ago I read the award winning book Warmth of Other Suns: The Epic Story of America's Great Migration by Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist, Isabel Wilkerson. It was indeed epic as Wilkerson followed the lives of three individuals leaving the Jim Crow Era South for a better life elsewhere. One of the gentleman was leaving the volatile citrus groves of Florida. She made mention of the Groveland case (Florida) as an example of the danger faced by African American men in the South and I filed that away in my brain, hoping to find out more one day.
As a result, I finally picked up the Pulitzer prize-winning book Devil in the Grove: Thurgood Marshall, the Groveland Boys, and the Dawn of a New America by Gilbert King and it is much more than an account of the trial of three young African-American men accused of kidnapping and raping a white woman in rural 1948 Florida. It is a detailed glimpse in the complex machinations of the Civil Rights Movement as played out in the courtroom. Many things impress me about this book. As always, I am astounded by the cruelty of the Jim Crow era South. Freedom from slavery was an important first step towards equality for African Americans, but given the discrimination faced in the years after slavery was abolished, it really seems like more of a baby step. This book was also a reminder that the landmark Plessy vs Ferguson (1896 Supreme Court decision providing a legal basis for "separate but equal" segregation) was a tremendous hindrance on the path to equality since "equal" is a subjective term that never actual measured up. Thurgood Marshall's landmark case Brown v. Board of Education (1954 Supreme Court decision disallowing school segregation) was the result of years of planning and small victories that ultimately overturned Plessy v. Ferguson. I just had no real understanding of the complex planning it took to make it to that one important case.
Thurgood Marshall (chief counsel of the NAACP Legal Defense Fund) and the NAACP frequently took on lots of cases like the Groveland Boys (often referred to as "Little Scottsboro" in comparison to a similar case in Alabama 15 years earlier). Their strategy was never acquittal but to kick the case up to higher courts through appeals with a decision that not only acquits the innocent but also has broader significance to civil rights with each case building on top of one another.
If you think this book sounds like a somewhat interesting, but probably overly detailed academic snooze fest you are wrong. Devil in the Grove is a well-written, accessible and at times, a page-turner. Gilbert King is comprehensive as he explores this unbelievable and sad event in American history.
In addition to Devil in the Grove, I also do recommend the above mentioned Warmth of Other Suns by Isabel Wilkerson. If you are looking for a shorter read about the Civil Rights Movement, I cannot say enough wonderful things about March (Book One) by John Robert Lewis, Andrew Aydin and Nate Powell which is a graphic memoir about non-violence during the Civil Rights Movement.
Tags:Amy W.'s Picks, Crime, Florida, History, Nonfiction
The Price of Justice: A True Story of Greed and Corruption by Laurence Leamer
Are you concerned about the influence of big money and power in our society today? If so, you'll want to read "The Price of Justice" by Laurence Leamer and get the true story of how one CEO used his money and power to corrupt the halls of justice in the Supreme Court of West Virginia. This is a non-fiction page turner that will make you burn with righteous indignation at the conniving, cut-throat methods he used.
Don Blankenship, CEO of Massey Energy, is the real life villain in this story. His massive coal company ran roughshod over the competition and the entire state of West Virginia, both the people and the environment. Dare to challenge him and you'll be branded unpatriotic to West Virginia and very likely watch your life go down the tubes. If he wanted something he wouldn't stop until he got it. One of his victims, Hugh Caperton, had his small company and life destroyed by Blankenship. Hugh decided to fight back, and with the help of two highly exceptional and motivated lawyers started a 14-year legal battle that went all the way to the United States Supreme Court.
This story formed the basis of John Grisham's popular fiction book "The Appeal" and the real life version is every bit as compelling as fiction. So if you like legal thrillers, try the "Price of Justice" for a non-fiction change of pace that may be right up your alley.
Tags:Business, CEOs, Crime, Jack U.'s Picks, Nonfiction, West Virginia
Best New Books of 2013: Pam W's Picks
My reading tastes are kind of all over the map, but I especially enjoy mysteries and historical fiction. This year my list is full of lots of new authors. I've read and really liked many of the books that are at the top of the best seller's lists, but here are five of my favorites that might be less well known.
Conkin's novel alternates between the story of Josephine, a slave in Virginia during the 1850's at a failing plantation; and Lina, a first year associate of a large corporate law firm in present day New York who is working on what her boss calls a history making case. Lina's case requires her to find a descendant of a slave who would like to be a plaintiff in a case over who painted a series of famous paintings that have long been attributed to Lu Ann Bell, but now are believed to have been painted by her slave. As Lina investigates the case, the novel switches back to tell Josephine's story. Josephine's was the more riveting tale, but the modern story was interesting as well. I look forward to more by this author.
Bay of Fires by Poppy Gee
Bay of Fires, a wonderful debut novel by Poppy Gee, is set in a remote holiday town on the east coast of Tasmania. Sarah Avery has lost her job and is spending some time with her parents in the cabin they visit every summer. Sarah is fishing when she finds the body of a young woman on her favorite beach. Suddenly, Sarah's family and friends become murder suspects. I loved the unusual setting and the spooky atmosphere of this book. The author does a wonderful job of describing the wild nature of Tasmania's east coast, and the insular nature of a small, isolated community. Check out my full-length post here.
Visitation Street by Ivy Pochoda
Pochoda's novel starts off with two bored young girls on a slow, hot evening in Brooklyn. The girls want to do exciting, something that will make their lives more interesting and prove they are more grown up. Later that evening, one girl is found on the shore unconscious and the other is missing. What happened, and who is responsible? Is it the teacher who found the unconscious Val? The young man who was known to be the last to speak to the girls? Pochoda's focus is less on the police investigation than on the description of the neighborhood and its residents. But this is the beauty of her book. By the time I finished, I felt like had visited Red Hook, Brooklyn, and that her characters had become my neighbors. I hated to leave them when the book ended.
Amity and Sorrow by Peggy Riley
Amity and Sorrow is a moving tale of a woman trying to undo a terrible mistake she made when she was young. After losing her family, she took up with a charismatic man who took her to live in a remote area. Years later, she is fleeing from him and the cult he has created. Amaranth is terrified that her husband will follow her to force her and her two daughters to return. The girls are unable to imagine what their lives will be like outside of the family. The older daughter, Sorrow, has no intention of leaving the only life she has ever known and is fighting her mother every step of the way. The younger daughter, Amity, is caught between her mother and her sister. Riley's writing is spare but she is able to paint a vivid picture. You will find yourself hoping for redemption for Amaranth and her family, no matter what she has done in the past. See my full-length post here.
The Last Runaway by Tracy Chevalier
Honor Bright is from a Quaker community in England. Jilted by her fiance, she decides to go with her sister to Ohio for her sister's wedding. Tragedy strikes, though, and when her sister dies, Honor doesn't know what to do except finish the journey and bring the news to the man who was to be her brother-in-law. Along the way, she is introduced to the issue of slavery and the return of escaped slaves in a frightening incident. As a Quaker, Honor is firmly against slavery. But the small community she has come to is in a difficult situation. If they are seen to help the runaways, they risk losing their own lively hoods or more. This dilemma is what Honor has to navigate in her new unexpected situation. She is dependent on the kindness of people she is not related to, and cannot upset them. But she also wants to live according to her morals. Chevalier's take on the issue of slavery is unique, and Honor was an engaging character. Fans of historical fiction will really enjoy this one.
Tags:Abuse, African-American, Australia, Best of 2013, Coming of Age, Contemporary Fiction, Crime, Crime Fiction, Cults, Drugs, Historical Fiction, Lawyers, Missing Persons, Mothers and Daughters, Murder, Mystery, New York City, Ohio, Pam W.'s Picks, Polygamy, Quakers, Quilting, Slavery, Tasmania
The Killer's Wife by Bill Floyd
I love books that give the reader an unusual point of view. When you hear about some heinous crime on the news, the focus is on the victims or the murderer—but don't you always wonder what the axe murderer's mother is thinking? Or his wife? That is what author Bill Floyd explores in his novel The Killer's Wife.
Nina Mosley slept beside her husband Randy for years, never knowing of what he was capable. When Randy is convicted of a series of killings, Nina is both shocked by the depths of his depravity and ashamed of her ignorance that allowed the gruesome crimes to continue. Why didn't she question Randy's implausible explanations for the random scars appearing on his body? How could she ignore the strange coincidences surrounding the murders announced on the news?
In an attempt to escape public scorn and prying press, Nina changes her name and moves across the country to Cary, North Carolina, with her son Hayden. This is where Floyd starts his novel—six years after the court sends Randy to death row, and Nina, now Leigh Wren, is confronted in the supermarket by the father of one of Randy's victims. "I know what the police said, how it was all your husband," Charles Pritchett sneers, "But you were never cleared to my satisfaction, not by a long shot." Nina panics that her identity will be exposed, just as her life has settled, and she is beginning to feel secure. Then Pritchett hits her where she is most vulnerable: "Where is Hayden tonight, Nina? You should keep a closer eye on him. I didn't keep a close enough watch over Carrie, and you know what happened to her."
Nina decides to lay low for a while in hopes that things will settle down. As mutilated murder victims start turning up in the news, however, Nina flashes back to Randy's creepy fetish. Has Pritchett's obsessive need for revenge brought him to Randy's depths? Where is Hayden tonight?
Floyd spends some time getting into Nina's mind at the beginning of the book, so the reader really understands the character. When the action starts, be prepared to set aside some time, because you will not want to put this book down.
Bill Floyd along with several other local authors will be at West Regional Library on September, 24th, please visit our website for more details.
Tags:Crime, Helen Y.'s Picks, Mystery, North Carolina, North Carolina Authors, Serial Killer, Suspense, Thriller
Poppet by Mo Hader
Someone, or something, is causing patients to harm themselves at the Beechway High Security Unit. The patients believe that the ghost of a long dead dwarf is responsible, but A. J., the senior nursing coordinator, is looking for a more earthly cause. His suspicions fall on a recently released young man, Isaac, who was found guilty of killing his parents 10 years ago. A.J. continues to investigate these odd incidents against the wishes of his boss Melanie. She just wants the problem to go away and since Isaac has been released from her hospital, she believes the problem is no longer hers to worry about. Complicating the issue is the fact that A.J. and Melanie have recently become involved with each other. When A. J. discovers that Isaac is following him and Melanie, he enlists the help of inspector Jack Caffrey despite Melanie's insistence he not involve the police.
Caffrey is also working on an unsolved crime, that of a young woman who went missing over a year ago. Caffrey's boss is ready to scale back the investigation, but he is not ready to let go. He understands all too well the feelings of the young woman's mother, who cannot lay her daughter to rest when she has no body to bury. Caffrey has been haunted by the disappearance of his brother years ago.
Hayder has written a host of wonderful characters into her new book. The inmates at the hospital are very creepy, but not unrealistic or unsympathetic. A. J. is such a likeable character you are rooting strongly for everything to work out for him. I was also very happy to see Flea, the police diver, return. She is one of my favorite characters in the last few years. Hayder left much unresolved between Caffrey and Flea in her previous books, Skin, and Gone, so it is good to see them working together again. Start with Ritual if you'd like to hear their entire story.
Tags:Crime, England, Ghosts, Mental Illness, Pam W.'s Picks, Psychological Fiction, Thriller
Live by Night by Dennis Lehane
Dennis Lehane has described his newest book, Live by Night as an homage to the gangster genre. Taking place mostly around Prohibition time, in Tampa with the rum trade as its vocation, the story makes heavy use of the political and ethnic backdrop that defined the place and era. The revolutionary spirit sweeping through the Hispanic world has made its way through Florida and into gangster organizations seeking to profit from Cuban rum.
Joe is a small time Boston outlaw who, after a violent prison stint, is tapped by the local mob boss to shape up the rum operation in Florida. Some of the best action takes place during Joe's prison time, but the pace barely slackens once he heads south. He slaps arrogant grifters into shape and turns a sloppily managed illicit trade into a criminal empire. Yet, we are always on his side. Joe doesn't shy from violence, but he has a conscience: he feels bad when he destroys the people who are worth feeling bad about, and he becomes something approaching a respectable figure for his straight-dealing. When the KKK comes after him, he puts them down for good just like any other rival gang. Somehow, we always cheer for him and want him to succeed in his criminal enterprise.
Lehane explores the premise that the gangster code is no less ethical than the legal behavior of legitimate business — that a gangster who throws a man out of a window is no less ethical than a banker who throws his entire family out of his house. It's an idealized principle that may not stand up to real-world scrutiny, but it is a large part of the appeal behind movies like The Godfather and Scarface. It also captures some of the current zeitgeist after the financial meltdown. As usual, Lehane spends as much time building character as he does with moving the plot forward with explosions. If you like your criminal epics delivered with a deft touch of artistry, Live by Night will satisfy.
Tags:1920s, Boston, Crime, Florida, Robert L.'s Picks, Suspense, Thriller
Oscar Wilde and a Death of No Importance by Gyles Brandreth
With the invention of Sherlock Holmes, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle created one of the single most recognizable detectives, and style of detecting, the world has ever known. Numerous are the authors who have striven to emulate the great detective, and numerous also are the failures. Happily, I feel that Gyles Brandreth in Oscar Wilde and a Death of no Importance accomplishes the feat quite well. If you can imagine Holmes' observations and deductions' coupled with Wildes' sly Irish wit, you begin to get an excellent picture of why this book is such a fun and engaging read.
Chronicled by his good friend Robert Sherard, Oscar Wilde brings his not inconsiderable intelligence and wit to the aid of a dead young actor whom no one else will believe was murdered. After befriending his own private detective consultant, the then highly popular Arthur Conan Doyle, Wilde and Sherard begin the hunt for justice for young Billy Wood. Chasing clues through Victorian London, with occasional stops for sumptuous cuisine and fine entertainment, Wilde seeks not only the killer, but also the proof needed to garner police involvement. Inspired by these tragic events, Wilde also begins work on a new story – The Picture of Dorian Gray
Brandreth has his characters hopping from exclusive gentlemen's clubs to theatrical shows to a seaside resort, with many other stops in between. Through it all he paints a surprisingly vivid and realistic picture of Victorian London, and the inner workings of a real life group of friends. I found it fascinating when I discovered that Doyle, Wilde, and Sherard truly were great friends during the 1890's, and this led a wonderful sense of realism to an already well written work. Luckily, the fun and excitement continues with Oscar Wilde and A Game Called Murder. For anyone who enjoys historical fiction, detective fiction, or Victorian London, this novel is a definite must read.
Tags:Crime, Crime Fiction, Edwin W.'s Picks, England, Oscar Wilde
A Wanted Man by Lee Child
For a change… Jack Reacher is hitchhiking cross country trying to get to Virginia. Why Virginia? He's not saying. He is also sporting a broken nose. It takes awhile, but near midnight he is picked up by sedan carrying two men and a woman. Happy to accept the ride, Jack makes idle chatter as they head East. They pass through several police roadblocks and Reacher is curious as to who the police are looking for. He is asked to do some of the driving and as he does, he starts to have a feeling that something is very wrong with the passengers of this sedan.
The two men, Don McQueen and Alan King seem like they are a duo, but the woman, Karen Delfuenso is quiet , looks very scared. As the two men catch some sleep, Reacher realizes that Delfuenso is trying to tell him something by blinking with her eyes in some sort of Morse Code. Suddenly as Jack puts it together, Karen has been kidnapped and Reacher has been given a lift because now as they pass the police roadblocks, there are 4 passengers in the car , not just two men, who the authorities may be looking for.
After they pass several of the roadblocks, Reacher starts to realize that the men no longer need neither Karen or himself. He is sent into a gas station to get some coffee and it is here that McQueen makes his move and tries to shoot Reacher. He misses and then takes off, and Reacher is left to ponder his next move. He contacts the FBI and will soon meet agent Julia Sorenson. Sorenson realizes that if it is true that Reacher was just an innocent hitchhiker, she may be able to use him to catch up to their quarry.
Fans of Lee Child may have thought that maybe he was losing some of his 'mojo' but have no fear , he is back with a vengeance ! As with most Lee Child's Jack Reacher novels, the pace is such that the book might be a one day read. For the first time , Reacher may be working with two female protagonists , as the three of them may be fighting to stop a terrorist plot.
Tags:Crime, Stephen B.'s Picks, Suspense, Terrorists


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Mary Marvel is a superheroine originally published by Fawcett Comics and now owned by DC Comics. Created by Otto Binder and Marc Swayze, she first appeared in Captain Marvel Adventures #18  (cover-dated Dec. 1942). The character is a member of the Marvel / Shazam Family of heroes associated with the superhero Shazam / Captain Marvel.

In the traditional Shazam! concept, Mary Marvel is the alter ego of teenager Mary Batson (adopted name Mary Bromfield), twin sister of Captain Marvel's alter-ego, Billy Batson. Like her brother, Mary has been granted the power of the wizard Shazam, and has but to speak the wizard's name to be transformed into the superpowered Mary Marvel. Mary Marvel was one of the first female spin-offs of a major male superhero, and predates the introduction of Superman's female cousin Supergirl (also created by Otto Binder) by more than a decade.

Following DC's licensing of the Marvel Family characters in 1972, Mary Marvel began appearing in DC Comics, co-starring in DC series such as Shazam! (1973–1978) and The Power of Shazam! (1995–1999). Two limited series from 2007 to 2009, Countdown and Final Crisis, feature an evil version of Mary Marvel having acquired powers from first Shazam Family archenemy Black Adam and further from Apokoliptian supervillain god Desaad. In current continuity following DC's 2011 New 52 reboot, Mary Bromfield appears as the eldest of Billy Batson's foster siblings. Mary can share Billy's power by saying "Shazam" to become an adult superhero (Lady Shazam, and later just Shazam) similar to the traditional Mary Marvel (the "Marvel" monikers having been retired with the reboot).

Mary Bromfield and her superhero alter-ego both made their cinematic debut in the DC Extended Universe 2019 film Shazam!, played by Grace Fulton and Michelle Borth, respectively. Fulton returns in the sequel, Shazam! Fury of the Gods.

Publication history

Fawcett Comics

Mary Marvel was introduced into Fawcett Comics' Marvel Family franchise a year after a young male counterpart, Captain Marvel Jr., made his debut. Artist Marc Swayze based Mary Marvel's design and personality upon American actress Judy Garland. Mary was introduced in Captain Marvel Adventures #18 as Mary Bromfield, a girl who discovers she is the long lost sister of Captain Marvel's alter ego Billy Batson.

In Superhero Comics of the Golden Age, Mike Benton writes:

Soon after her introduction, Mary Marvel headlined Wow Comics, and by 1945 had her own Mary Marvel book. She also appeared in The Marvel Family book with Captain Marvel and Captain Marvel Jr. In her solo adventures, Mary soon gained sidekicks in her kindly Uncle Marvel, who was not actually her uncle nor a Marvel, and his similarly nonpowered niece, Freckles Marvel. Uncle Marvel was eventually made the Marvel Family's manager, and also served as Mary's guardian.

Just before the Marvel Family's adventures ceased publication in 1953, Mary Marvel's costume and appearance were altered: the neckline of her blouse was lowered slightly, her hair was shortened, and she now wore yellow slippers instead of the customary Marvel Family yellow boots. After Fawcett canceled their superhero comics line because of a copyright infringement lawsuit with National Comics (later DC Comics), Mary Marvel hosted a puzzle page drawn by C. C. Beck on page 33 of Mysteries of Unexplored World issue 1 (Charlton Comics August 1956). After that, Mary and her teammates went unseen for years.

DC Comics

1973–1985
In 1972, DC Comics licensed the rights to the Marvels, and revived them in a new comic series called Shazam!. Mary, Cap, and Junior appeared in both new stories and reprints of their classic stories. According to Shazam #1 the Sivanas had put the Marvel family into suspended animation for 20 years, along with themselves (by mistake) and much of the supporting cast. The comic book was canceled by 1978, and the Shazam! stories were relegated to the back pages of World's Finest Comics (from 1979 to 1982) and Adventure Comics (from 1982 to 1983). After the 1985 Crisis on Infinite Earths miniseries, Captain Marvel's origin was rebooted in the Shazam: The New Beginning miniseries in 1987. The Marvel Family was written out of the Shazam! mythos, and neither Mary Batson nor Mary Marvel appeared in DC Comics for several years.

1994–1999
Mary Batson was reintroduced in The Power of Shazam! graphic novel by Jerry Ordway in 1994. An ongoing series followed in the next year, and Mary Marvel was introduced into the modern DC Universe with a new origin story in Power of Shazam! #4.

When calling upon her powers, Mary is transformed into an adult resembling her late mother (in the same way that Billy resembles his father when in Marvel form). Mary shares the title of Captain Marvel with her brother. Various characters in the series distinguish the two by gender when addressing them, addressing Mary as "the lady Captain Marvel".

At first, Mary's costume was the same as her original one. However, beginning with Power of Shazam! #28, Mary donned a white costume to distinguish herself from her brother. The color change was retained for most future uses of the character during the next decade.

2000s
After the Power of Shazam! series ended in 1999, Mary's superpowered alter ego was officially rechristened "Mary Marvel."  In 2002 she had lunch with Supergirl in "The Clubhouse of Solitude", in the spoof graphic anthology "Bizarro Comics". Since then, she has guest-starred in both Superman and Supergirl comics. In 2003, Mary became a member of an offshoot of the Justice League known as the Super Buddies in the Formerly Known as the Justice League miniseries, which juxtaposed her Golden Age-era personality with the modern-day world for comic effect.

Mary Marvel appears briefly in several stories relating to DC's 2005–2006 Infinite Crisis crossover. Mary also appeared in DC's weekly limited series 52, with her most substantial appearance being in 52 #16 as the maid of honor at the wedding of Black Adam and Isis, two Shazam!-related characters. She was defeated by Black Adam during World War III (DC Comics) along with the other Marvels.

In 2006, DC began a revamp of the Shazam! mythos with Judd Winick and Howard Porter's Trials of Shazam! limited series. The series began with a preview within the pages of Brave New World #1 in June 2006, in which Mary Batson loses her powers, suffers a three-mile fall, and falls into a coma. This set up Mary's appearances as a main character in Countdown, a weekly DC series which served as the successor to 52. During the course of the series, head writer Paul Dini and his collaborators had Mary acquire the powers of Black Adam, which give her a new look including a form-fitting long-sleeved black uniform and skirt with black lace-up boots. While the series tracked the character's struggle between good and evil, due to manipulation by supervillainesses Eclipso and Granny Goodness (promotional material for the series used the catchphrase "Seduction of the Innocent," a reference to Fredric Wertham's book of the same title), Mary emerged from the series under the influence of Superman villain Darkseid.

This darker Mary Marvel appears in DC's 2008 crossover series Final Crisis, written by Grant Morrison and illustrated by J. G. Jones, as a Female Fury, with another design change (to match the styles of the other Furies) and a fully evil personality due to possession by the New God Desaad. Though defeated by Freddy Freeman/Shazam before the end of the Final Crisis miniseries, the evil Mary appeared again in the "Black Adam and Isis" arc featured in Justice Society of America (vol. 3) #23–25, by the end of which she has lost her powers and returned to being a normal teenage girl.

2010s
In 2011, following its Flashpoint company-wide event, DC  made sweeping continuity changes to some comic book series and minor ones to others, as part of its relaunch event "The New 52". Captain Marvel, now known as Shazam, received a new origin story as part of a Shazam! backup feature by writer Geoff Johns and penciler Gary Frank, published between 2012 and 2013 in the relaunched Justice League comic series. Mary does not feature in the new continuity until Justice League #8 (2012), and is not transformed into a superhero for the first time until Justice League #21 (2013), when Billy directs his powers into her, Freddy, and their foster siblings Darla, Pedro, and Eugene during a fray with Black Adam.

Mary was largely absent from the main DC Universe for several years after Justice League #22 in 2013. Versions of Mary Marvel from alternate earths in the DC Multiverse appeared in events such as The Multiversity in 2014 and Convergence in 2015. In December 2018, Geoff John and artist Dale Eaglesham launched a new Shazam! ongoing comic series, featuring Mary alongside Billy Batson and the rest of the Shazam Family. The first issue of the new volume of Shazam! also featured a manga backup focused on Mary by Geoff Johns and Mayo "SEN" Naito.

Fictional character biography

Original Fawcett origin
Mary Marvel's first appearance in Captain Marvel Adventures #18 also relayed her origin story.

As infants, twins Billy and Mary Batson were nursed by a woman named Sarah Primm. When the Batsons' parents die in a car accident, Primm was required to send both children to an orphanage. However, Primm is determined to at least give one of the children a home, and arranges for Mary to secretly take the place of another baby girl who had suddenly died while under Primm's care. As a result, Billy is sent to an orphanage while his sister is raised by the wealthy Mrs. Bromfield.

Several years later, Billy Batson becomes a teenage radio announcer. While hosting an on-air quizbowl, he receives an urgent letter from Sarah Primm, now on her death bed, requesting his presence. Billy goes to see her during a break, and Primm tells him the secret of his long-lost sister. To help him find Mary, Primm gives Billy a locket broken in half and tells the boy with her last breaths that Mary wears the other half.

After the quizbowl broadcast is over, Billy tells his best friend Freddy Freeman about his sister and the locket. Billy then recalls that one of the quizbowl contestants, a rich girl named Mary Bromfield, wore a broken locket. He and Freddy trail Mary's limousine in their superpowered forms of Captain Marvel and Captain Marvel Jr. and find themselves called into service to save Mary from a gang of kidnappers.

Captain Marvel then learns that Mary's locket matches his own, and that she is indeed Billy's sister. The Marvels reveal their secret identities to Mary, who wonders if, since she is Billy's twin, she could become a Marvel by saying the magic word "Shazam". Billy, however, is assured that "Old Shaz—er—you know who—wouldn't give his powers to a girl!"

Just then, the kidnappers awaken then bind and gag Billy and Freddy, preventing them from saying their magic words. Mary exclaims that Billy cannot say "Shazam", inadvertently saying the word herself. She is then struck by a magic lightning bolt and transformed into a super-powered version of herself, later christened "Mary Marvel" by her brother. She defeats the thugs by herself, discovering that she is bulletproof and has super strength, and frees Billy and Freddy. Shazam later reveals the goddesses Mary derives her powers from.

Modified DC origin

Mary Marvel's updated DC origin was presented in the Power of Shazam! graphic novel and ongoing series, written by Jerry Ordway.

Prominent archaeologists C.C. and Marilyn Batson are assigned by the Sivana expedition on an excursion to Egypt. They take along their young daughter Mary, but are forced to leave their son Billy in America with C.C.'s half-brother. The elder Batsons are killed by their associate Theo Adam, who then kidnaps Mary. Upon Theo Adam's return to the United States, Adam's sister, a maid named Sarah Primm, takes Mary into her care. Primm arranges for her childless employers, Nick and Nora Bromfield, to illegally adopt Mary. As Mary Bromfield, the young girl grows up living an idyllic life in a wealthy family, but continuously has dreams of another family with a brother she has never seen.

Meanwhile, Billy eventually finding himself on the streets, and is given the power to become Captain Marvel. He learns that Mary is still alive, but after four years of searching, neither he nor his benefactor, the wizard Shazam, can find the girl. The only thing Billy has to remember Mary by is her favorite toy, a "Tawky Tawny" doll, which was shipped to America with the Batsons' possessions after their murders.

As a young teenager, Mary enters a regional spelling bee held in Fawcett City and emceed by Billy, who works as an on-air reporter for WHIZ radio. After saving Mary from kidnappers twice as Captain Marvel, Billy notices how much Mary Bromfield reminds him of Mary Batson and has an undercover cop named "Muscles" McGinnis retrieve the girl's forged adoption record. Learning that Mary is indeed his sister, Billy tries to figure out a way to let Mary know he is her brother. The old "Tawky Tawny" doll suddenly transforms into a full-sized humanoid tiger and comes to life, instructing Billy to take it to Mary. As Captain Marvel, Billy flies out to the Bromfields' hometown of Fairfield to deliver the doll and the adoption papers to Mary.

Captain Marvel arrives at the Bromfield estate and changes back to Billy Batson to deliver the package, but is immediately kidnapped by the thugs who helped Primm forge Mary's adoption records. Mary, not having seen Billy, takes the package and opens it, discovering the adoption records and the Tawky Tawny doll. Once again, the doll comes to life and instructs the bewildered girl to say the magic word "Shazam" and save her brother. Mary complies and is transformed by a bolt of magic lightning into a superpowered doppelganger of her deceased mother. She saves Billy, who transforms into Captain Marvel to help Mary defeat the thugs, but the two Marvels cannot save Sarah Primm, who is murdered by one of the thugs.

The Trials of Shazam! and Countdown

In the eleven page preview to Judd Winick and Howard Porter's Trials of Shazam limited series appearing in DC's Brave New World one-shot comic (June 2006), Mary Marvel loses her powers in mid-flight as an after-effect of the death of the wizard Shazam by the Spectre in Day of Vengeance #6, and falls from a height of three miles. Mary survives the fall but goes into a coma, and Freddy Freeman, who lost the power to become Captain Marvel Jr. in the same way, has her transported to a hospital in New York City where he can keep watch over her. He spends all his money to help her.

In Countdown #51, Mary is released from the hospital. She finds that she is still powerless and a note left by Freddy Freeman with a nurse asks her not to look for him as he is trying to get the powers of Shazam back, per the orders of Marvel. Making her way to Gotham City (despite being warned by Madame Xanadu to avoid the place in Countdown #50), Mary stumbles upon the former Kahndaqi embassy while being chased by violent criminals from the subway, who are killed by Black Adam. Black Adam angrily threatens her. Mary tells Adam how much she valued her powers and how she desires to regain them. Adam, bitter over the loss of his wife Isis and brother-in-law Osiris during the events of 52 as well as his failure to resurrect the former, gives Mary his powers instead of killing her.  He is transformed into the mortal Teth-Adam, whom Mary rescues from a wall toppling on him. Mary wears a black form-fitting costume and wields Adam's powers as a darker, angrier character. While searching for a tutor to help her harness her power at the reformed Riddler's advice, she encounters Klarion the Witch boy in a market for dark magic, who tries to take her power, then Zatanna, who banishes her from her home after a fight, and then Eclipso, who only fuels her wild abandon. She uses a rougher justice, such as turning soldiers to stone and shrinking poachers so their quarries chase them.

Their alliance, however, seems to break down when Eclipso, hoping to please her master Darkseid, offers Mary as his new concubine, reasoning that the two women could always leech Darkseid's arcane knowledge, slay him, and take his place. Mary refuses to sell herself for more power, beats Eclipso with her own crystal, and flees, enraged. Eclipso catches up to her and regains the diamond. Eclipso then departs, leaving Mary alone again. Some time later, Eclipso returns hoping to finish her off, but Mary is too strong for her.

Mary experiences a change of mind, and upon realizing that Black Adam's powers are as responsible for her corruption as Eclipso, divests herself of them by feeding the lightning bolt into Eclipso, who tries to kill her and take her power. Both women lose their powers and fall into the ocean. However, an unpowered Mary lands on Themysciran soil, where Queen Hippolyta drafts her in the rebellion against Granny Goodness, who is posing as the goddess Athena.

Mary, Holly Robinson, and Harleen Quinzel manage to reveal Goodness' deception, and the trio follow her to Apokolips. After escaping the Female Furies, Mary starts to hear the voices of the gods. The group manages to free the Olympian gods from an Apokoliptan chamber, and Mary Marvel's powers are restored along with her white costume, which now has a gray lightning bolt and long sleeves.

After journeying with the Challengers to Earth-51 and witnessing the Great Disaster occurring there, Mary finally returns home to find Darkseid waiting for her. Reminding her of how strong she felt using Black Adam's powers, and claiming the gods do not trust her as much now, he returns them to her, restoring her black costume. She then confronts Donna Troy, Kyle Rayner, Forager, and Jimmy Olsen, seizing Jimmy to take him back to Darkseid. When Donna questions Mary's use of the powers, Mary insists that she is not evil, merely "driven". After Darkseid's defeat, Mary returns to Black Adam, asking to be a part of a new Black Marvel Family. Adam refuses her and, after a big tantrum, she decides to become a solo superheroine.

Final Crisis

Mary returns in Final Crisis, still apparently in Darkseid's thrall, wearing a new black costume with more of a punk look. She attacks Wonder Woman, scratching the Amazon's upper arm and infecting her with an unknown virus delivered from a broken glass vial bearing a gold Omega symbol. Later, when the heroes of Earth attack Blüdhaven, Black Adam notes that she's been possessed by one of the New Gods, a "leering old man". The possessed Mary claims to have a new dirty magic word, a blasphemous name of power, and to have new gods. During a heated battle with Supergirl, Black Adam learns that the evil god Desaad was the one who possessed Mary. Black Adam tries to kill her but is stopped by Freddy. Later, distracted by hordes of Anti-Life followers about to attack, Freddy Freeman, the new Captain Marvel, grabs Mary and uses the last of his magic to transform them back to normal. Though horrified by her actions while possessed by Desaad, and saying, while crying, that she never meant for this to happen, she is seen standing with Freddy with clubs in their hands, awaiting the end of the world.

Justice Society of America
After the end of the Crisis, Mary is recruited by Black Adam and Isis, who have taken over the Rock of Eternity from its former caretaker the wizard Shazam by defeating Captain Marvel and stealing his powers, using the magic scarab Shazam used to take Black Adam's powers. During a battle between Black Adam, Isis, and the Justice Society, who had been summoned by Billy, the evil Mary Marvel abducts a powerless Billy Batson and forces him to become a teenage Black Marvel by sharing her powers and forcing him to say "Mary Marvel".

The two now evil Black Marvels join Adam and Isis, who are intent on using the power of Shazam to destroy the modern world, in fighting the Justice Society. When Isis begins attacking the citizens of Adam's native Khandaq and Adam's friend Atom Smasher, he switches loyalties and joins the Justice Society's Flash and the spirit of Mary and Billy's father in helping resurrect the wizard Shazam from the Rock of Finality, where he has been sealed in stone. Black Adam gives up his powers to restore the wizard to life. Shazam promptly and angrily takes his powers back from Mary, Billy, and Isis, turns Teth Adam and Isis to stone, and closes off all contact to the Rock of Eternity to the Batson kids upon stating that Billy and Mary failed him. He also threatens to go after Freddy for stealing his name. The two Batsons are later seen wandering the streets of Fawcett City, homeless, and wondering what happened to their father's spirit.

Mary and Billy are briefly seen during the events of Blackest Night, now living in an apartment in Fawcett City. While watching news reports of the various heroes and villains being reanimated as Black Lanterns on their laptop, Mary remarks how scary it is to not have her powers anymore.

Mary is approached by Blaze, who offers to restore her and Billy's powers in exchange for her killing Freddy. Mary seems to go along with the deal, appearing to poison Freddy. However, when Blaze arrives to claim Freddy's powers, he gets up and attacks her. With a little help from Mary and Billy, Freddy defeats Blaze and sends her back to hell, later promising them that he will find a way to restore their lost powers.

The New 52/DC Rebirth

The DC Universe was rebooted in 2011 with the New 52 line of comics. In the current continuity, Mary appears as Mary Bromfield, making her debut in Justice League (vol. 2) #8 in 2012. She is the oldest kid living in the Vázquezes' foster home, along with Billy Batson, Freddy Freeman, Eugene Choi, Darla Dudley, and Pedro Peña.

Mary was the second child placed with the Vázquezes, having run away from an abusive home at a young age. Polite and well-mannered, Mary functions as the unofficial "den mother", looking after her foster siblings. When Billy arrives at the Vázquez home and gains the power to become Shazam, he shares his powers with his foster siblings. By saying the magic word "Shazam!" Mary can become an adult superhero with a red uniform similar to that of the traditional Mary Marvel.

Powers and abilities
As Billy's twin, Mary shared Billy's ability to transform into a superhero by speaking the name of the wizard Shazam. In her petite superpowered state, Mary Marvel originally wore a red short-sleeved blouse and red skirt lined with gold trim, which included a lightning bolt insignia and cape.

The Fawcett and pre-1985 version of Mary Marvel did not derive her "Shazam" powers from the male mythological figures who empower Billy, but from a set of female benefactors: Selene for grace,  Hippolyta* for strength, Ariadne (later changed to Artemis, Greek goddess of the hunt) for skill, Zephyrus for fleetness (and flight), Aurora (later changed to Greek goddess Aphrodite) for beauty and Minerva for wisdom.

Although these deities were originally described and depicted as goddesses, Zephyrus is actually a male god. In addition, the list does not account for all of the superhuman traits shared by Billy and Mary, specifically Captain Marvel's powers of invulnerability, stamina, and courage. The original Mary Marvel remained a teenager when she transformed rather than becoming a mature adult like Billy.

A version of Mary Marvel, originating in The Power of Shazam!, has the same powers from the same benefactors as her brother (Solomon, Hercules*, Atlas, Zeus, Achilles and Mercury). A power-sharing element was added to the mythos in the Power of Shazam! series; one finite source of power was shared between Mary, Captain Marvel, and Captain Marvel Jr. This power-sharing element has not been honored by all later appearances of the Marvels. Mary loses these powers in the 2006 Brave New World one-shot special. In early stories, if she had lost her memory or been transformed, her transformation would restore her.

In Countdown to Final Crisis (2007–2008), Black Adam gives Mary his powers. Since Adam was not sharing his powers with anyone else when he granted them to Mary, and had also been carrying the powers of his dead wife Isis (who had granted them to him with her death), Mary is now more powerful than she has ever been. Mary's patron deities become seven Egyptian gods: Shu, Heru, Amon, Zehuti, Aten, Mehen, and the "most powerful" Egyptian deity, Isis, which increases her other powers and allows her to perform magical feats like weather control and transforming others. Mary's powers continue to expand rapidly as she and her mentor Eclipso seek new sources of magical power for her, gaining various new magical powers. She became sufficiently powerful to withstand Darkseid's Omega Beams. Eventually realizing she had been corrupted by Eclipso and the powers of Adam's gods, Mary relinquished these abilities. Mary's powers were restored when she aided the Olympian Gods in retaining their freedom from Apokolips. Later, her Black Adam powers were restored, given to her by Darkseid.

In the later Final Crisis miniseries (2008–2009), Mary's body was further enhanced with genetic technology stolen by the Atomic Knights. In addition to her impressive magical powers, her empowered form is now "aged" from late adolescence to adulthood, with clawed hands able to slice through metal. Later Black Adam restores her powers from the Egyptian gods. She is able to bestow part of it upon Billy, making him Black Billy.

Power of Shazam: Formerly, to change form, Mary had to call upon the name of Shazam, thereby invoking spells involving the energies of those extradimensional beings once known as gods on Earth. When Mary Batson said the magic word "Shazam!", she would be transformed into Mary Marvel. In her Mary Marvel form, Mary possessed the following attributes:

Reception
Mary Marvel has been analyzed as a portrayal of women in American comics, specifically how her physique and costumes serve as examples of masculinity vs. femininity and the objectification of women in comics.

Other versions

52
In the final issue of 52, a new Multiverse is revealed consisting of 52 identical realities.  Earth-5 is depicted as home to the Marvel family characters. As a result of Mister Mind "eating" aspects of this universe, it takes on aspects similar to the pre-Crisis Earth-S. Although the characters are not named in the panel in which they appear, a character looking like Mary Marvel is shown. 52 co-author Grant Morrison has made clear that this alternate universe is not the pre-Crisis Earth-S.

An evil version of Mary Marvel exists in an alternate universe as a member of the "Power Posse" (evil analogues of the Super Buddies). Mistress Mary, as she is called, wears a black variant of Mary's traditional outfit, almost identical to her costume during the  2007/2008 Countdown series.

Shazam! The Monster Society of Evil
In the 2007 limited series Shazam! The Monster Society of Evil, written and illustrated by Jeff Smith, Mary Batson is depicted as a prepubescent child who does not age when she transforms into Mary Marvel.

Mary meets her lost brother in the circus that is attacked by Alligator Men and is rescued by Captain Marvel. With the help of Tawky Tawny, a trickster spirit who changes into various forms but prefers being a tiger when convenient, the siblings learn they are related. When Billy transforms into Captain Marvel, Mary stands too close to her brother and is struck by the fringe of the magic lightning; as a result, Mary gains her Marvel form (which is still at her actual age) that is apparently based on the aspects of various goddesses, including superior flying speed to her brother, and powers stemming by a female set of benefactors. For example, Athena's wisdom is different from Solomon's, allowing Mary to perceive "life vibrations" and distinguish between living and non-living beings.

Although she and Billy are kidnapped in their regular form by Doctor Sivana and Mr. Mind and gagged, Billy escapes and later rescues her as Captain Marvel when she is thrown from the top of a robot by Doctor Sivana; she in turn rescues him from Sivana after, while defeating Mr. Mind, he accidentally loses his powers. Mary subsequently manages to restore his abilities.

Billy Batson and the Magic of Shazam!
Mary appears as a main character in this follow-up series. As in Monster Society of Evil, Mary has only a fraction of her brother's powers and remains a child in super form; although faster, she is far less strong. As Mary is very hyper and reckless, Billy is very protective of her, although he is also often annoyed by her antics and snarkiness. During the final battle against Black Adam, she briefly gains an adult form, only to lose it shortly after and reverting to a child.

Justice League Beyond
In the digital Justice League Beyond comics taking place in the DC Animated Universe's future (based on the Batman Beyond TV series), Mary Marvel, Billy Batson, the wizard Shazam, and Black Adam are somehow sharing the same body. Only one of them can exist in the real world at a time, but can switch places with each other. She appears to be attracted to the Green Lantern of that time period. It is unknown how this occurred.

Tangent Comics
In the Tangent Comics print, Mary was one of three superheroines (the others being Madame Xanadu and Lori Lemaris) who masqueraded as a heroic version of The Joker.

Bombshells
In the DC alternate-WWII universe of the Bombshells, a young Jewish woman named Miriam Bätzel relates traditional Jewish folklore to children hiding from the Nazis to keep their spirits up. Under the stress of their imminent deaths, she starts reciting the names of Jewish heroines: "Shiphrah, Huldah, Abigail, Zipporah, Asenath, Miriam..." In the nick of time, by muttering the acronym "S...H...A...Z...A...M" she is able to tap into mystical energy and become the extremely powerful Shazam, who the children nickname "Miri Marvel." Rather than engage in destructive super-battles, she uses her power to protect and aid the escape of a large group of refugees. Aiding refugees in escaping the war becomes her primary mission in the series.

In other media

Television
 Along with the rest of the Marvel Family, Mary Marvel appeared in The Kid Super Power Hour with Shazam! voiced by Dawn Jeffory.
 Mary Marvel (as Mary Batson) appears in the Batman: The Brave and the Bold episode "The Power of Shazam!" voiced by Tara Strong. As with the origin of her appearance, both Mary and Billy are reunited at the end of the episode after Batman did some detective work that found her. They then confirm their relationship as brother and sister with Mary claiming to be a little older than her twin Billy. through the discovery that they each have possession of half a locket bequeathed to them by their late mother. She returns in "The Malicious Mr. Mind!", this time with the ability to transform into Mary Marvel. She and the other members of the Marvel Family, along with Batman, battle Mr. Mind and his Monster Society of Evil.
 Mary Bromfield appears in the fourth season of Young Justice, voiced by Erika Ishii. She is one of Zatanna's proteges: the Sentinels of Magic. She has given up her superhero identity because the power was going to her head and she couldn't balance her everyday life and superhero life. At the end of "Kaerb Ym Traeh!", she leaves the Sentinels of Magic, and is then tempted by Granny Goodness to return to her old self in a post-credits scene. In the series finale, she becomes a member of the Furies. Mary was a member of the Covert Ops Team in between seasons 1 and 2. She was originally going to appear in season 2 as well as a storyline in the tie-in comic which would have been centered on the Marvel Family, though these plans did not come to fruition.

Film

Animated
 In Justice League: Crisis on Two Earths, an evil version of Mary Marvel appeared on a computer page of the lesser members of the Crime Syndicate. While initially unnamed in the movie, designer Jerome K. Moore identified her as Mary Mayhem. Somewhat confusingly, Superwoman is also identified as being Mary Batson's alter ego.
 Mary Batson appears along with the rest of the Shazam Kids in Justice League: The Flashpoint Paradox.
 Mary Marvel appears in the film Lego DC: Shazam!: Magic and Monsters, voiced by Jennifer Hale.

Live action
 Mary Bromfield appears in the DC Extended Universe film Shazam!, played by Grace Fulton as a teen and Michelle Borth as an adult.  While she is the oldest of the foster children, Mary has been working on plans to enroll in college. After being nearly hit by a truck and saved by Shazam, Mary was showing depression about leaving her foster family behind while Shazam gives her the advice (albeit not in a constructive manner) to do what she needs to do. During Shazam's rescue of a bus, Mary learns that Shazam is Billy Batson as she informs her younger foster brothers Eugene and Pedro. In the climax between Sivana and Shazam, the Wizard's staff is taken by Billy as he shares his powers with his foster siblings. In her superpowered form, Mary helps the foster siblings fight the Seven Deadly Sins while Shazam fights Doctor Sivana. At the end of the film, she and her foster siblings dine in the school cafeteria with Shazam and Superman.
 Grace Fulton reprised her role as Mary Bromfield in Shazam! Fury of the Gods. Fulton also take over the role of adult Mary, with a change of makeup and hair similar to Wonder Woman.In the film, after her brothers drift apart and have personal interests, Mary comforts Billy knowing that he will be leaving the foster system, just like her, and that everyone has to accept their ways and that nothing lasts forever. After Freddy is kidnapped by the Daughters of Atlas, Hespera, Kalypso, and Anthea, Mary and the Shazam Family are locked in a dome along with the city. After saving Freddy, by telling them about Kalypso's plan before the Golden Apple, which has the seed of the Tree of Life, Mary was the last to be taken from her powers by Kalypso, and is saved by Billy being the only one with powers. After monsters attack the town, Mary and the others decide to help Billy by riding unicorns to scare off the monsters. After Kalypso's defeat by Billy, who sacrificed his life, Mary, Anthea, the Wizard Shazam, and the entire family went to Anthea's kingdom at his funeral. Seeing Wonder Woman arrive, who repairs the Wizard's staff and uses it to revive Billy, and happily reunites him with his family, and he uses the staff to restore Mary's powers, as well as her brothers, Anthea and the Wizard.

Web series
 An African-American version of Mary Marvel was set to appear in season 2 of Justice League: Gods and Monsters Chronicles before the project was shelved.
 Mary Marvel makes non-speaking appearances in DC Super Hero Girls.

Video games
 The DCEU version of Mary Bromfield/Mary Marvel appears as a playable character via DLC in Lego DC Super Villains. Like the other members of the Shazam family, she can transform by holding a button, and can fly and shoot electricity.

Miscellaneous
 Although she has not appeared in any other television programs or films, Mary Marvel is featured in issue 20 of the Justice League Unlimited comic book, in which she appears in the art style of the Justice League Unlimited television show.
 She made a cameo appearance in Teen Titans Go! as a member of the Justice League in Beast Boy's fantasy.
 Mary Marvel hosted a puzzle page drawn by C. C. Beck on page 33 of Mysteries of Unexplored World issue 1 (Charlton Comics August 1956)

References

External links
 Mary Marvel's "Who's Who" file at The Marvel Family Web.
 Comprehensive Mary Marvel biography, an in-universe character history at Comicvine.com
 Mary Marvel at Don Markstein's Toonopedia. Archived from the original on February 15, 2016.
 Earth-S Mary Marvel Index
 Earth-S Marvel Family Index
 Captain Marvel Culture.com, the history of the many Captain Marvels
 Counting Down to Countdown V: Mary Marvel, Trickster, Pied Piper – article from Newsarama on Countdown.
Read Mary Marvel #1

Characters created by Otto Binder
Comics characters introduced in 1942
DC Comics characters who are shapeshifters
DC Comics characters who can move at superhuman speeds
DC Comics characters with accelerated healing
DC Comics characters with superhuman strength
DC Comics characters who can teleport
DC Comics characters who use magic
DC Comics child superheroes
DC Comics fantasy characters
DC Comics female superheroes
DC Comics orphans
DC Comics sidekicks
Fictional characters with electric or magnetic abilities
Fictional characters with eidetic memory
Fictional characters with precognition
Fictional characters with dimensional travel abilities
Fictional Republicans (United States)
Twin characters in comics
Golden Age comics titles
Golden Age superheroes
Marvel Family
Superheroes who are adopted
Selene
Ariadne
Artemis
Eos
Minerva
Solomon
Heracles in fiction
Zeus
Achilles
Mercury (mythology)


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