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Cynicism as a Logical Fallacy
Posted on Thursday, July 7, 2016 - 8:35 am | Leave a comment
Cynicism is simply the flip side of naïveté. You're no more mature, just more burned.
—Karl Marlantes (Vietnam veteran, author of "What It Is Like to Go to War")
I think a lot of people go through a cynical phase as they're growing up, and that's probably normal. The problem comes when you get stuck there, when it becomes your lifelong worldview. This isn't just a problem because it's dark. It's a problem because it's illogical and inaccurate.
Naïveté means seeing or imagining only the good side of human nature, being blind to humanity's evil and its base self-interest. Cynicism means the opposite. When you spell it out like that, it's obvious that both viewpoints are equally skewed. Yet somehow, many of us get the idea that cynicism is wiser, closer to the truth. But is it really?
Let's think about some examples.
Say a politician is involved in a scandal. When pressed about certain key details, he says he "can't remember." A cynic rolls his eyes. Yeah. Can't remember. Sure.
This reaction makes no sense.
Even if humans are 100% self-serving habitual liars (which is demonstrably untrue), we still know that people do sometimes forget important things. It's happened to everyone. It becomes more likely as you get older. Someone could even have early-onset Alzheimer's – we don't know. So even in our "all humans suck" alternate reality, there's still a chance, small but significant, that this person is telling the truth.
The same goes for people who are charged with crimes, but not yet convicted (or acquitted). "I'm innocent!" Cynics hear this and scoff. But again, even if everyone is scum, it may still be entirely reasonable that this particular person didn't commit this particular crime. If every single person arrested were really guilty, that would imply an astounding degree of competence on the part of law enforcement – a notion that no self-respecting cynic would endorse. Like all logical fallacies, cynicism leads to contradiction.
A 100% guilty rate would also imply that trial by jury is unnecessary and should be abolished. Yet I know almost no one who really believes that.
And that's just assuming that everybody is self-serving and crooked. In reality, we have good evidence that that isn't the case. To cite just one example among millions: researchers have found that fewer than a quarter of riflemen in World War II were actually willing to shoot at their enemies. Their aversion to killing was so strong that they would miss on purpose most of the time, often at the expense of their own lives.
Obviously, people commit horrific atrocities and engage in mundane cruelties, too. The dark side is there. Of course it is. But it's absurd to think that the dark side is the only side.
Cynicism is also linked almost universally to pessimism. There's no necessary logical link between the two: it's possible to think that humans are scum, yet life overall is improving; and conversely, it's possible to think that humans are all wonderful, yet life overall is getting worse. But these pairings of belief rarely happen, in part because cynicism is an emotional reaction, not a logical one.
Cynics – in my experience, at least – are pessimists. They think the world is going to hell, and that we're already most of the way there.
Again, this makes no sense. By almost any measure, the world is improving. Since World War II, war and murder have declined globally. Homicides in the U.S. have dropped by half over the past 20 years. Infant morality has dropped by half worldwide in the same time period. Literacy is rising. Computing power has grown exponentially, consistently, for 50 years. We've had a continuous human presence in space for over a decade. We eradicated malaria, and we're getting close with polio. If you think I'm cherrypicking facts, by all means, do your own research.
And that's just the recent stuff. Read about Elizabethan (16th century) England sometime: the horrific and unbelievably common use of torture in punishments; the primitive understanding of medical science; the lack of anesthetic for surgery; the cruelty to animals; the way government and church alike suppressed free speech; the overwhelming and universal prejudice against women, poor people, gays, other races, and other religions; on and on. Some of these problems do still exist, but they're ghosts of their former selves. Nobody in their right mind would rather live then than now. (I'm not picking on England – the whole world is the same.)
Yes, of course we still have major, serious problems, including discrimination, torture, and suppression of free speech. Yes, they're being solved far too slowly. But they are being solved. Our species is getting better.
By the way, the kind of human being that cynics evidently believe in – someone completely self-serving, self-interested, devoted to pleasure, with little or no empathy for other people – does actually exist. The clinical term is "psychopath," and the tools for diagnosing this disorder are well-established. That is, doctors have gotten pretty good at distinguishing these people from everyone else.
Psychopaths are estimated to make up only 1-2% of the population. Even if they're as high as 5%, that's still 95% of humanity that is, by definition, at least moderately empathetic and concerned with the needs of others.
See, this is why I love science.
For myself, I find I become less cynical rather than more—remembering my own sins and follies; and realize that men's hearts are not often as bad as their acts, and very seldom as bad as their words.


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alex.zunger@colorado.edu
4001 Discovery Dr. Suite N368
Boulder CO 80309
Biographical Sketch
Prof. Alex Zunger of the University of Colorado, Boulder research field is Condensed Matter Theory of Real Materials, involving foundational work on Density Functional Theory, Pseudopotential theory, Quantum Nanostructures, Photovoltaic materials and Materials by Design. He is the recipient of the year 2013 Hume-Rothery Award on Theory of alloys, the 2011 (inaugural) "Materials Theory Award" of the Materials Research Society on Inverse Design, the 2010 "Tomassoni Prize" (Italy) and "2010 Medal of the Schola Physica Romana " celebrating the tradition of E. Fermi, the 2001 John Bardeen award of The Material Society on "Spontaneous Ordering in semiconductor alloys", the 2001 Rahman Award of the American Physical Society on 'foundational development of First Principles methods', and the 2009 Gutenberg Award (Germany) on correlated electron systems. He is a Fellow of the American Physical Society; Fellow of the Materials Research Society, Sakler Fellow of the Institute of advanced studies of Tel Aviv University. He received his Ph.D. from Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv Israel where he worked with Prof. Joshua Jortner and Binyamin Englman on quantum theory of molecular solids. He did his postdoctoral research at the Physics Dept. of Northwestern University (with Art Freeman). He then received the IBM Fellowship, which he spent at the Physics Dept. of U.C. Berkeley (with Marvin Cohen). Dr. Zunger established the Solid State Theory group at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Golden, Colorado, a position he held 1978-2010 where he has been an "Institute Research Fellow". He has been the founding Director of the $20 million 'Center for Inverse Design' ( a DOE Energy Frontier Research Center). The impact of Dr. Zunger's work is partially reflected by the very high number of citations his papers have received (over 68,000, according to Google Scholar) and by his "h-number" of 119 (i.e., 119 of his papers were cited each at least 119 times). He is the author of the fifth-most-cited paper in the 110-year history of Physical Review (out of over 350,000 articles published in that journal) .In the course of his research; he has authored more than 600 articles in refereed journals, which includes over 150 articles in Physical Review Letters and Rapid Communications and three citation classics. He has also trained more than 75 post-doctoral fellows. Declared by the Institute of Scientific Information (ISI) as the 39th most-cited physicist out of more than 500,000 physicists examined, based on publications in 1981–1997 in all branches of physics.
Director of NREL memo to all NREL staff on the occasion of Dr. Zunger moving to CU Boulder from NREL
Summary: Over 600 publications in refereed journals; 150 in Physical Review Letters + Rapid Communication; Google Scholar citation information:
Google Scholar Number Of citations 68,000;
h-index : 119 (I.e., 119 articles were cited each at least 119 times);
I10 index = 571 (I.e., 571 articles were cited each at least 10 times).
Related links of awards
Guttenberg award
Wiki page
MRS award
CU on MRS award
Tomassoni
Photos of Alex

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


:: SGD-950 Crochet Machine for Fancy Yarn/Flat tape/Bandage/Upholstery Fabric/Lace making adopt two groups of cam gear, it make the machine can produce various kinds of laces.with special weft bars driver, the machine can produce wide lace very easy.
::Crochet Machine adopt frequency inverter to adjust the speed, so the machine can change corresponding speeds according to different raw materials.
:: Automatic Lubrication for link chain allows the machine to run quietly and smoothly at high speeds.
::SGD-950 is equiped with a pair of front blocker and a pair of back blocker, and a pair of crossing device, Arm width device. Cubic Device can be optioned.


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Maxwood Washrooms
About Maxwood
Environmental responsibilities
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Complete washroom
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HomeToolsConsiderations and advice
Designing a commercial washroom is about more than just aesthetics. Whilst complementing interior architecture washrooms must also be functional, comply with relevant regulations and encourage the respect of users.
Smart, well-designed washrooms can help maximise a building's sales/rental potential. The use of premium materials, such as real wood veneers and natural stone, can contribute to a high quality feel, while choosing full-height, flush-fronted cubicle doors offers maximum privacy and creates a prestigious, unbroken look. Back-painted glass for shelving and splashbacks is another popular option, providing a water-resistant solution with high design impact. To help reduce lifetime costs, choose non-corrosive metal fittings and easy-care laminate panels which are hygienic solutions with superior durability.
In addition to aesthetic and practical considerations, washroom design is governed by an array of legislation and standards.
Creating added-value
Today's office developer recognise that lobbies, lifts, loos and views can make a building more attractive and provide greater intrinsic value. While not necessarily quantifiable – it can make the difference to the rents paid and securing an occupier.
This is driven by the changing profile of occupiers and their staff. Today's Millennial Generation has entirely different expectations of the work environment. They expect an office experience more akin to a hotel or high-end residential experience. This has led to the concept of Business Hotels. Where people check-in, use concierge facilities and benefit from front of house meet and greet. They book desks now by the hour/day/week and services are tailored to meet people's needs. All aimed at making people to feel valued the moment they walk into the office.
This means that lobbies, lifts, loos and views have been rethought. No longer just an entrance, lobbies have cafes, breakout spaces and areas to meet. Lifts are clever, they know where you are going – and often are replaced by internal stairs. External spaces and terraces now bring the outside in. Washrooms are designed to satisfy the needs of those who cycle or run to work.
At Maxwood, we understand the value – both to the developer and the end user – of a beautifully designed and engineered washroom.
Part G of the Building Regulations contains guidelines on the number and type of facilities required in a building to meet the needs of all user groups. Generally speaking, separate toilets are required in workplaces where there are both male and female employees.
However, if the total number of employees based at a particular location is 10 or less, and there are two or fewer employees of one gender, then unisex washrooms may be provided. These can be what are known as 'superloos', which are single units complete with toilet and washbasin, or larger washrooms designed to be used by men and women, with lockable toilet cubicles and shared hand-washing facilities.
Disability Discrimination Act (DDA)
Commercial washrooms must be designed to meet the strict criteria of the Disability Discrimination Act 1995 (DDA) to ensure facilities can be accessed with ease by someone with a disability, whether that's a wheelchair user or a person with impaired vision, for example. One of the primary requirements under the DDA is the provision of at least one wheelchair accessible cubicle in any non-residential building. In addition, where there are four or more cubicles provided in a washroom, one of these must be of an enlarged size to dimensions set down in DDA Document M guidelines. Cubicles for disabled users should include grab rails, outward opening doors with clear access to the WC itself, a raised toilet pan, and be fitted with indicator bolts and doors which can be opened with a closed fist.
DDA regulations also need to be considered in terms of the LRV (light reflectance value) of surfaces. This ensures sufficient visual contrast between different areas of the washroom, such as door frames to walls and sanitary fittings to walls, to enable visually impaired people to distinguish between these areas by virtue of the difference in light reflecting from the surface. It should also be noted that wall finishes and floor coverings should contrast with each other in terms of both colour and texture to help the visually impaired navigate the washroom safely.
Workplace washroom standards
In addition to Building Regulations, designers of workplace washrooms are advised to consult recommendations in the Government's Workplace (Heath, Safety and Welfare) Regulations. These relate to issues such as cleanliness, hygiene, ensuring user privacy with the provision of lockable doors, adequate lighting and ventilation. The choice of materials can assist in achieving some of these standards. For example, high pressure laminates offer a hygienic, easy to clean option for cubicle doors and other surfaces, while SGL (solid grade laminate) is extremely resilient to knocks and bumps, and being impervious to water means it is easily washed down. In addition, manufacturing walls and vanity troughs from a single piece of solid surface material creates an attractive, seamless appearance and also reduces the number of joints for easier cleaning and less unhygienic crevices. Specifying non-touch fittings, from automatic hand dryers to electronic sensor taps and toilet flushing systems, is also worth considering to ensure a hygienic washroom environment.
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Nonton What's Wrong With Secretary Kim Episode 2 Subtitle Indonesia – Lee Young-Joon's family runs a large company and he works as the vice-president of the company. He is smart, rich and handsome, but he is arrogant. His secretary is Kim Mi-So. She has worked for him for years and she is perfect for him, but Kim Mi-So decides to quit her job.


My supervisor at work found the amount of travel I did this semester greatly amusing.
It became a regular joke with us. "Where are you off to this weekend?" she'd ask, and we would both start laughing immediately – because she always assumed I would be traveling somewhere, and she always assumed right.
Everyone in the office started to take note of my travel schedule, too, and soon I found myself getting lots of questions about it. One of the most frequent queries: Aren't you getting tired?
At first, the answer was genuinely "no." I love to travel. Love it. I'm always mentally planning my next trip in my head, and I tend to schedule vacations for the maximum length possible because I just don't want to stop traveling. Ever.
But, I'm not a machine. And over time, I realized that, yes, working full-time and traveling – usually to another country – every single weekend was a little grueling (in an "I'm so privileged to get to do this" kind of way). Unpacking and repacking your suitcase, finding flights and hotels, attempting to do tricky currency conversions in your head (thanks for nothing, Hungarian florints and Swedish kronor), navigating unfamiliar neighborhoods, dealing with annoying fellow passengers at airports – it all becomes a grind after a while. It's totally a good problem to have, I realize, but it's also true that it does wear on you a bit.
My perspective on this issue became clear after comparing two consecutive weekend trips: first, Stockholm, and then Berlin and Dresden.
Stockholm, to be frank, did not go as well as I had hoped. I had heard wonderful things about the city, so I had high hopes – but I just did not connect with Stockholm the way I expected I would (the incredible food being an exception to this). I found Stockholm lovely, but remote. I felt like the prices were even higher than in Switzerland, which was depressing. And, most of all, the city was still in "off-season" hours of operation – meaning I often couldn't make it to more than one sight in a day, because things would close before I got to them (or, even worse, some attractions I wanted to see were closed entirely).
After Stockholm, I would have classified myself as "tired" of traveling. I still had a full month left in Europe – complete with an ambitious travel schedule – so this was disconcerting.
Enter: Berlin and Dresden. I spent Saturday in Berlin and, suddenly, I was feeling incredibly energized. It's hard not to be energized in Berlin, with its street art, funky culture, and hip neighborhoods. Suddenly, I could not remember why I was tired of traveling.
And then…Dresden. Freaking DRESDEN. Almost as soon as I got into town, I was overwhelmed with happiness. I had heard from multiple sources what a great place Dresden was to visit, but it surprised me just how much I loved, loved, loved the city. I thought that the Baroque buildings were beautiful and grand and that the city itself was flat-out gorgeous in springtime. The whole town felt like a gem, and I wandered around all day with a gigantic smile on my face. All I could think was: how could I have ever believed I'd had enough travel for the semester? How could anyone tire of traveling, when there are places like this out there?
My entire day in Dresden was lovely, but there was one moment in particular that stood out. I spent the morning exploring the Zwinger Palace (more on that later), and around midday, I headed toward Neumarkt Square, where the magnificent Frauenkirche towers over rows of perfectly pastel buildings.
But standing there, in the center of Dresden, I realized that I'm nowhere near that point, and that I never will be. I realized that there will still always be places like Dresden – places that are unassuming at first, places that aren't quite at the top of your "must see" list but that have the capacity to surprise you with how much you love them. Places that, in short, remind you that you still love travel after all.
Much more from Dresden to come!


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Q: Deserialize datetime string coming from .NET DataContractJsonSerializer on Android There is a WebApi which was written by .Net and format DateTime on its JSON in this form:

"/Date(1511034890677+0330)/"

I'm getting this on Android and deserializing by Gson.
But the date is deserialize as a String. I'm able to parse the dateString to Java Date by SubString and add values together but is there a built-in class which can do the job on-the-fly e.g. by Gson or Java?
Edit 1: This is not duplicate of how to convert incoming Json date into java date format? as I mentioned in comments, I'm looking for a way to convert the date upon deserialization using Gson or Java.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


This movie was the first love story I seen at 14 years olds. I`m still in love with Redford and I know he is the best actor ever.
I saw it again and forgot how incredible it was!
I think the WAY WE WERE was one of the best movies that I have seen, I liked OUT OF AFRICA also.
i think the way we were is the most beautiful love story ever written. hollywood should make more pictures like that, instead of the trash i have seen on tv and at the movies.


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Q: Is it possible/smart to write a lazy loading macro implementor? My code (especially as I get more into TDD) has lots of lazily-loaded properties, like:
@interface MyClass ()

@property (nonatomic, strong) MyFoo *myFoo;

@end

@implementation MyClass

- (MyFoo *)myFoo {
   if (!_myFoo) {
     _myFoo = [MyFoo alloc] sharedFoo]; // or initWithBar:CONST_DEF_BAR or whatever
   }
   return _myFoo;
}

@end

Or, better, thread-safe version:
- (MyFoo *)myFoo {
  static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
  dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{
    _storeHelper = [SHStoreHelper sharedStoreHelper];
  });
}

I kind of wish Apple would just make that an aspect of a property eligible for automatic code generation, like:
@property (lazyload) MyFoo *myFoo;

Barring that, though, I would like to have a macro for the implementation bit, something like
#define LAZY_ALLOC(x, y, _y, a, i) -(x *)y { if (!_y) { _y = [[x a] i]; } return _y }

and then instead of the regular method implementation you just have
LAZY_ALLOC(MyClass, myClass, _myClass, alloc, init)

which is flexible enough for classes that want
LAZY_ALLOC(OtherClass, otherClass, _otherClass, sharedClass, nil)

or
LAZY_ALLOC(OtherClass, otherClass, _otherClass, alloc, initWithFrame:SOME_FRAME)

1) The preprocessor requires _y. Is there a way to make it construct the _autosynthesized ivar without passing it in separately?
2) Are there big problems with this? For me it enhances readability because it in essence says "oh that thing again" more quickly than the fully-written-out version
3) Do you think it's icky stylistically? Awesome stylistically?

A: I think what you want is ##. You could write it as:
#define LAZY_ALLOC(type, name, initialValue) \
    -(type *)name { \
        static dispatch_once_t onceToken; \
        dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{ \
            if (! _ ## name) { \
                _ ## name = (initialValue); \
            } \
        } \
        return _ ## name; \
    }

EDIT:
To be clear, I would not use this particular idiom for lazy loading outside of a singleton's sharedInstance-type method. This code will only do the lazy loading once per class (not per instance) because of the static dispatch_once_t. I just copied the code out of the question and converted it to a macro template to illustrate that technique, but I feel like I should clarify this.
Personally, for lazy loading normal instance variables, I would go with the non-thread-safe version and just switch to eager loading or handle the case specially if you need thread-safety. There are techniques for combining lazy loading with thread safety in accessors, but:

*

*They are fairly slow.

*It's rare to really need both at once.

*You're probably going to have to do some special architecting for thread-safety anyway beyond just sticking mutexes in your accessor methods.
so I wouldn't incorporate that case into a standard template macro.

A: Write a method +(id) lazyLoad:(Class)class sharedPointer:(NSObject**)ptrAddr or some such.  Make it a method of the LazyLoader class, which only implements this method.
To use it:
- (MyFoo *)myFoo {
    return [LazyLoader lazyLoad:[MyFoo class] sharedPointer:&_myFoo];
}

Probably needs some ARC sweeteners on the sharedPointer parm, but basically that should work, and can be made as thread-safe as you may wish (if you wish).
(I'll leave it as an exercise for the reader to figure out how to do alternate init methods.)


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Q: Is Quorra human now? As a corollary to my other question I was wondering about this:
Once Quorra enters the real world does she become human or is she something else? i.e. Is she a living, breathing, human being with blood, sweat, and tears, is she some kind of human appearing 'alien', or is she a synthetic creation like a robot?

A: My (very) speculative answer is that Quorra is indeed a flesh and blood human. The laser in the original Tron was capable of "digitizing" matter into information stored in memory while suspending atoms or molecules in the laser, and then reconstituting the object at a later time (see here for a brief description).
Since Flynn and Sam were both successfully digitized and reconstituted using this technology, it stands to reason that Flynn could "build" a human being from scratch given proper ingredients (e.g., ~ 140 lbs of atoms of the right type and proportions: C, H, O, N, etc.) + assembly instructions. The assembly part would be difficult to code to say the least, but perhaps Flynn could use a shortcut by borrowing assembly code from other humans that had been scanned in.

The Art of Tron: Legacy

A: In 'Legacy', it is clearly depicted that Humans [Users] when injured in the digital world, bleed what resembles blood -- instead of simply derezzing as the native programs do.  This suggests the internal organs of Users are at least structurally reminiscent of their anatomy from the real world.
Quora is depicted, as having a digital DNA in her resuscitation/repair scene, which presumably is what marks her (and the ISO's) as being inherently different from the other programs.
This leads me to hypothesise that she is genetically prepared to survive digital manifestation through portal to the physical world.  Which is why Flynn (the Elder) is so incredibly excited about the discovery of the ISO's
Does that mean she would bleed little fluorescent blue cubes in the real world?
I can't say, but I would hypothesise her internal structure in the real world would be akin to her digital self -- and vastly different from our own.
"Biomechanical Jazz" as Kevin Flynn puts it.

This brings up the question whether a Regular Program could be materialized in the real world.
CLU clearly thinks so -- because his whole world-domination plan hinges on the ability to bring an army of programs through the portal.
However it is never demonstrated in either of the films whether it is possible for a regular program to be materialized.

A: Flynn spoke about Quorra as a solution to all of the real world's problems.

Kevin Flynn: Yeah. The last ISO.
   Sam Flynn: All this time, you were just protecting her.
   Kevin Flynn: She's the miracle, man. Everything I ever worked for. "A digital frontier to reshape the human condition."
   Sam Flynn: I always thought that was a plug line.
   Kevin Flynn: In our world, she can change everything.

This leads me to the conclusion that she didn't rematerialize as a human. Or maybe she is the perfect human, with no flaws (ie such as maybe no genetic flaws, or perfect disease immunity or something). I don't think she is an android, if a program came through it would just try to complete its programming. Perhaps she is a new lifeform that takes on the shape of a human.
This is the same answer I gave to a similar question on Movies.SE.

A: A human goes trough the "portal"  to the grid and they, not being data, is "translated" into code. The same goes the other way around.


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Q: mysql : Is it possible to ignore some tables in cold backup? We take every day the backup of a folder from production to uat with rsync.
That folder, among others, contains the physical files of a mysql database.
Is it possible to exclude some tables during the backup process explicitly with rsync (not mysqldump)?
If yes, which table files should I exclude in the mysql directory?
Thank you!


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I'm Callin' Kate, Kristen, Leslie, and Melissa....
July 21, 2016 Kristen Snyder
Photo credit: Wikipedia
I was 7 when the first Ghostbusters movie hit the big screen. I have vague memories of being in the family station wagon at a drive-in theater, holding on to my pillow, and jumping at the scene of the ghost in the library. I remember laughing when the guys got 'slimed' and again when they were covered in melted marshmallow after destroying the giant Stay Puft Marshmallow Man. Those are classic scenes and because of those, and more, Ghostbusters became one of those 'classic' childhood movies for me. So when I heard that they were 'remaking' Ghostbusters, I was skeptical. When I heard they were 'remaking' it with an all-female cast, I was skeptical. It wasn't that I thought an all-female cast was a bad idea by virtue of being an all-female cast, but it was that I wasn't sure how I felt about anyone who wasn't Bill Murray, Dan Akroyd, Harold Ramis, and Ernie Hudson stepping in to save humanity from a ghostly infestation.
And so it was with much anticipation that I found myself seated at the theater last Friday ready for another spooktacular experience. There I sat, watching Melissa McCarthy, Kristen Wiig, Leslie Jones, and Kate McKinnon take on the spirit world. It was not Ghostbusters as I remembered it. It wasn't, because it's not a remake. And for that, I'm so so glad. This movie is something different, something more. And something way better.
Photo credit: geek.com
This is a movie about a group of women, smart, funny, capable women, who band together, problem-solve and kick some serious ghost butt. These are women who do not fit into one of the stereotypical female roles: sex pot, dowdy mom, airhead, or bitch. No, these are women who look, think, and act like..me. Like you. They say ridiculous things, make fools of themselves, put themselves out there, stand up for their friends, go after what they want, and fight for what they believe in. When they're told they can't do something because it's impossible, they keep on keeping on because they believe so deeply in what they're doing. How incredible is that? These are women I'm proud to see on the big screen. These are women I'd be proud to one day introduce my niece to. Because these are real women.
These are women that most of us can look at and say "Hey! That's something I'd do or say!" I can certainly identify with each of them. I could identify with Kate's quirkiness...the kind that makes you go "Huh...well, that's a little odd" because I'm a little odd (and proud of it!); Melissa's hurt over a friend's seeming betrayal; Leslie wanting to fit in with the group, but not feeling like she had anything to contribute; and Kristen trying to pretend she was someone she wasn't just to fit in. I related to all of this and more. I saw bits and pieces of myself in each of these characters. And I think that may be the first time that's ever happened for me. I don't look like, think, act, or relate to many of the "normal" Hollywood portrayals of women and truthfully, I never will. I am more than 1000000000% ok with that. I love who I am. But still, it was awfully fun to go to a movie and see women portrayed more closely to who we really are--individually awesome, but together something fierce. I mean, c'mon! These are ladies who are showing little girls that women can save the world!
On the flip side, I've read what some of the naysayers have had to say: it's a terrible movie, how these ladies ruined their childhood memories, and so on and so on and so on. Blah. Blah. Blah. Blah. I just want to clue some of these folks in on something: the first Ghostbusters, while it was a good movie, it wasn't an Oscar-worthy film, either. It was silly, over the top at times, and just plain fun. And that's exactly what this one is. Just because it has women at the helm doesn't diminish the franchise. This is not about men vs. women simply because it's an all-female cast. Quite the opposite, really. Because this is NOT a remake. I thought it was, but I was wrong. This is a different movie because these women are not those men. Sure, the premise is relatively the same, but it's different because they're different, the way the relate to each other and the world is different. But it was still silly, over the top at times, and a whole lot of fun. It was like reuniting with a long-lost friend. And I loved it.
This is what we want to do with GIRLS CAN! CRATE. We want to introduce fearless women, but in our case, real life women, to girls and say: "See! Women can make a difference! Girls can save the world!" Want to know more about GIRLS CAN! CRATE? Check out our website at www.girlscancrate.com.
In Empowering Movies Tags GIRLS CAN! CRATE, subscription box, movies, women in movies, Kristen Wiig, Melissa McCarthy, Leslie Jones, Kate McKinnon, Ghostbusters, Ladies kicking butt, Haters gonna hate, Girls can, girl empowerement
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text:
Avie's Flatter (Flatter) Scores Victory in G3 Transylvania S.
Flatter's 3-year-old son Avie's Flatter returned to the races in style with an impressive victory in the G3 Transylvania Stakes at Keeneland.
"It was a great way to start," said trainer Josie Carroll of the victory, which was accomplished when Avie's Flatter got clear at the head of the stretch, grabbed the lead at the sixteenth pole and held off favored Henley's Joy by a half-length. Ridden by Javier Castellano, Avie's Flatter covered the 1 1/16 miles on a firm turf course in 1:42.86.
It was the fourth score in five career starts for Avie's Flatter, who now has earnings of $341,834.
"You worry a little bit if you have them tight enough (coming off a layoff)," Carroll said. "But when he swung out and knowing what kind of kick he has, I knew he still had horse. Javier did a good job conserving him, knowing that he had not run in more than four months."
The main goal for Avie's Flatter, who is owned by Ivan Dalos, is the 160th running of the $1 million Queen's Plate at Woodbine on June 29.
"Right now, he is the early favorite for the Queen's Plate," said Carroll, who won that race in 2006 in Edenwold and in 2011 with Inglorious.
To get there, the next step could be the G2 American Turf on May 4 at Churchill Downs.
"The nominations close next Saturday, so we will take a look to see who is in there," Carroll said. "If that is the direction we go, he will stay here for a while and then go to Churchill."
A Canadian-bred colt out of the Empire Maker mare Avie's Empire, Avie's Flatter is one of 52 stakes winners sired by Flatter. The Claiborne stallion's other top runners include G1-winning millionaires West Coast (3-year-old champion male), Flat Out, and Taris. Flatter, whose 2019 2-year-olds have sold up to $350,000, stands for $40,000 at Claiborne.
[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3quddZmqftM[/embedyt]


Home » Desserts » Coconut Whipped Cream (Dairy Free and Vegan).
Coconut whipped cream is the perfect dairy free and vegan topping for your favorite desserts! It's a decadent, allergy friendly recipe that's easy to make. Use this creamy topping for cakes, cupcakes, fruit, and more.
Is there anything a can of coconut milk can't do?
It can make a flavorful curry sauce or a decadent dairy free ice cream. It adds flavor and richness to recipes, so much so that you won't even miss the dairy!
One of the easiest ways to use full fat coconut milk is by making it into delicious coconut whipped cream. This dairy free and vegan treat is perfect for topping chocolate pudding, ice cream sundaes, and chocolate cake.
Isn't coconut a tree nut?
No, coconut is not a tree nut. Coconut is botanically a fruit – specifically a type of fruit called a drupe. The FDA labels coconut as a tree nut, which causes some confusion. You can have a coconut allergy, but it isn't the same as a tree nut allergy. You can read more about coconut and food allergies here.
If you have concerns about eating coconut, you should talk to your allergist.
What is coconut whipped cream anyway?
It's simple coconut cream that has been chilled, then combined with sugar and whipped until light and fluffy.
It's so easy to make coconut whipped cream. You do need to plan ahead and put the can of coconut milk in the refrigerator for at least eight hours or overnight. When you do that, the coconut cream will separate from the excess liquid in the can.
Once the coconut milk is chilled, just spoon out the cream, add it to a bowl with a little powdered sugar, and whip it until soft peaks form.
It tastes like coconut. It's not sweet, but it is decadent tasting. I like to add some powdered sugar to sweeten it, but you can leave it out if you wish, or use less or more according to your tastes.
How do you make whipped coconut cream?
Chill a can of full fat coconut milk in the refrigerator overnight.
Open the can, and carefully scoop out the cream, leaving behind any liquid.
Place the cream in a bowl along with the vanilla extract and powdered sugar.
Beat on medium high speed until soft peaks form. Serve with fruit or cake or cupcakes.
What should you serve with whipped coconut cream?
You'll love using this whipped coconut cream on all your favorite desserts – it's even good as a fruit dip! If you happen to have a can of coconut cream, you can use that in place of full fat coconut milk. Learn more about the varieties of coconut milk here.
Can you make coconut whipped cream without a mixer?
It's not really possible to whip coconut cream by hand. It's important to use an electric mixer to get a lot of air in there. That's what makes coconut cream light and fluffy – all the air that's been incorporated through mixing. You could try to whip it by hand, but it's just easier to use an electric mixer.
My coconut cream didn't form peaks – it's still a liquid. What went wrong?
Was the coconut milk chilled for long enough? Did you drain off the coconut water? Some brands of coconut milk work better than others. I have tried this with Taste of Thai, Thai Kitchen, and other brands. Experiment and find one that works for you!
You can even use this dairy free whipped cream as a simple fruit dip. It's a versatile topping for any dessert.
Coconut whipped cream is a perfect topping for a wide variety of desserts! Make this dairy free topping and enjoy it with ice cream, cake, or pie.
3 Tablespoons powdered sugar Use more or less to taste.
Place the can or container of full fat coconut milk in the refrigerator for at least 8 hours or overnight.
Once it's chilled, carefully open the can and scoop out the coconut cream. Discard any coconut water or liquid. Place it in a mixing bowl along with the powdered sugar and vanilla extract.
Beat on medium high speed until soft peaks form. Taste and adjust the amount of sugar if needed.
Enjoy immediately or store in the refrigerator. It will firm up in the refrigerator, but it will keep for about 5 days.
This is best eaten right away. You can refrigerate it for a 5 days, but it won't be as light and fluffy.
This post was originally published in July 2017. It has been updated with more tips.
« Chocolate Covered Shortbread (Gluten Free, Vegan).
I would really love to make this, does anyone know of a brand of Coconut milk that is allergy safe? I need one that is made in a plant free of both peanuts and tree nuts and i'm having no luck finding it.
I use this cream for my favorite cake. This is very easy to make, and does not require a long time.
Yes, we love how easy it is!
I just made this exact recipe to frost my one year old's smash cake (your cake recipe too). I tried the icing, but just a bit thick for baby. Love coconut whipped cream. To make it super easy to get hardened cream out of the can, I carefully turn can upside down and open the bottom and pour out liquid first!
That's a great tip! What a good idea to use it for frosting!


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World Cup 2018 Egypt vs Uruguay schedule how to watch live
July 18, 2018 bynba 2018 World Cup 0
We are optimists, coach Hector Cuper said when asked about Salahs health.
Mohamed Salah (left), Luis Suarez (right)
Sign up for a free seven-day trial to watch the World Cup on fuboTV!
Salah was injured playing for Liverpool in the final of the UEFA Champions League, when Real Madrid defender Sergio Ramos playing in this World Cup for Spain pulled him into a fall less than a half-hour into their game. Salah broke his fall by stretching out his right arm, and the force of striking the ground led to a shoulder injury that forced him from the game.
Egypt needs as much Salah as it can get against Uruguays accomplished, experienced squad. The core of this Uruguay team reached the 2010 World Cup semifinals, won the 2011 Copa America and has qualified for three consecutive World Cups after the nation missed three times in four cycles between 1994-2006.
Forwards:Mohamed Salah, Marwan Mohsen
With Salah unavailable for pre-World Cup friendlies, Egypt scored only one goal in 270 minutes, in a 1-1 draw against Kuwait. The Egyptians lost 3-0 to Belgium and played to a scoreless draw against Colombia. That draw was promising though, with Colombia fielding a strong lineup that included James Rodriguez, Radamel Falcao and Juan Cuadrado.
Veteran goalkeeper Muslera, who still looks young enough to be preparing for his freshman year at UCLA, could reach 100 caps ifUruguay advances beyond the group stage. Muslera, 31, was the teams No. 1 goalkeeper at each of the past two World Cups. He has earned four shutouts in 10 World Cup games (not counting consolations).
Defenders:Diego Godin, Maxi Pereira, Sebastian Coates, Martin Caceres, Gaston Silva, Jose Maria Gimenez
Egypt forward Mohamed Salah broke the modern single-season goal-scoring record in Englands Premier League. He scored 32 goals in 38 games, passing the mark held by Harry Shearer, Cristiano Ronaldo and Uruguays Luis Suarez.
Everything you need to know about Egypt and Uruguays World Cup matchup.
Defenders:Saad Samir, Mahmoud Hamdy, Ahmed Hegazi, Omar Gaber, Ali Gabr, Mohamed Abdel-Shafi, Ahmed Elmohamady, Ayman Ashraf, Ahmed Fathi
Napoli star Mertens delivers pizzas to homeless people in Italian city
How healthy will it be when Egypt opens its first World Cup in 28 years?
Gremio representatives travel to Barcelona to discuss Arthur sale
Twitter reacts to Bakambus African record move to Beijing Guoan
LAFC coach Bob Bradley worked as coach of the Egypt national team from 2011-13. He was in charge as Salah made his second international appearance. That connection is a big reason defender Omar Gaber now plays club ball in MLS, with the expansion Los Angeles team.
Forwards:Luis Suarez, Edinson Cavani, Maxi Gomez, Cristhian Stuani
Donnarumma should leave – Raiola wants Barca and Real Madrid target out of AC Milan
World Cup 2018: Egypt vs. Uruguay, schedule how to watch live
Firmino is one of the best – Oxlade-Chamberlain talks up Liverpool forward
Egypt has yet to win a World Cup game and is making its first appearance since 1990, the countrys third ever.
The approach to this game is all about Mohamed Salahs left shoulder.
Goalkeepers:Fernando Muslera, Martin Campana, Martin Silva,
Suarez, who has five career World Cup goals, also has missed two World Cup games due to suspension. He earned a red card for a handball in 2010 against Ghana that actually saved the game forUruguay he stopped a shot from going in the net, and the penalty awarded to Ghanas Assamoah Gyan was saved by Muslera — and allowed his team to advance to the semifinals. In 2014, he bit Italys Giorgio Chiellini on the shoulder during a scramble for the ball and received a four-month ban from the sport that included missing the round of 16 loss to Colombia.
Goalkeepers:Essam El Hadary, Mohamed El Shennaway, Sherif Ekramy
Uruguay coach Oscar Tabarez is working his fourth World Cup, the most of any coach in the tournament.
Edinson Cavani has scored double-figure goals in each of his past 10 club seasons, including 28 in 32 games for Paris St.-Germain in the 2017-18 season. He scored 10 goals in qualifying for the 2018 World Cup, the most of any player in CONMEBOL. He has scored only twice, however, in the World Cup.
Midfielders:Federico Valverde, Cristian Rodriguez, Lucas Torreira, Matias Vecino, Rodrigo Bentancur, Carlos Sanchez, Giorgian De Arrascaeta, Diego Laxalt, Nahitan Nandez, Jonathan Urretaviscaya
Salah became a contender for the Ballon dOr by scoring 43 goals in all competitions for Liverpool, including 10 in the Champions League. Without him on the field after he left with the game scoreless, LFC fell to Real by a 3-1 final.
Where:Yekaterinburg, Russia, Ekaterinburg Arena
In the U.S., Egypt vs. Uruguay will be broadcast live on FS1. It can also be live-streamed on fuboTV (7-day free trial).
Midfielders:Mahmoud Hassan, Sam Morsy, Ramadan Sobhi, Amr Warda, Shikabala, Mohamed Elneny, Mahmoud Kahraba, Abdallah El Said, Tarek Hamed
2018 world cup schedule
World Cup 2018 FIFA
World Cup TV coverage FAQ Answering questions about Russia 2018 TV schedule


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Connecticut / Farmington Lawyer
Farmington Lawyer, Connecticut
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John Heffernan
Divorce & Family Law, Family Law, Estate, Wills & Probate, Real Estate
After graduating from Fairfield University, John served two tours of duty in Viet Nam as an officer in a Naval Air A-4 Attack Squadron. Upon returning... (more)
433 South Main Street, West Hartford, CT 06110
Nicholas Kocian
Accident & Injury, Workers' Compensation
Nicholas Kocian is a practicing lawyer in the state of Connecticut.
435 South Main Street, New Britain, CT 06051
Henry B. Hurvitz
Henry B. Hurvitz is a Top Attorney Award winner at Attorney.com. Only 5% have the elite qualifications. Click the badge for more info.
Divorce & Family Law, Estate
Providing Seasoned Successful Supportive Legal Care.
At the Law Office of Henry B. Hurvitz, we are proud to offer the highest quality legal services at reasonable and affordable rates. Attorney Hurvitz ... (more)
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Kimberly Anne Graham
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Kimberly A. Graham opened her current practice in 1995 and since that time has proven to be an ardent, zealous, and compassionate advocate for clients... (more)
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Banking & Finance, Bankruptcy, Corporate, Business Organization
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Workers' Compensation, Employment, Personal Injury, Car Accident, Medical Malpractice
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Lawyer.com makes finding Farmington Lawyers fast and easy. Refine your search for Farmington lawyers by legal practice area. Find a quality and affordable lawyer by reviewing detail profiles for Farmington attorneys. Many Lawyer.com featured Lawyers in Connecticut will offer free legal consultations and all have Connecticut law expertise.
Mollica v. Toohey
... The plaintiffs further alleged that the defendant allowed the presence and accumulation of water in numerous areas of the premises over a period of time and, as a result, bacteria and/ or toxic mold developed and contaminated the indoor air quality. ...
State v. Fontaine
... 919, 883 A.2d 1246 (2005). [4] During his examination by the state, Abely testified that when Roberts asked the defendant for his operator's license, the defendant replied, "[y]ou don't need a license to operate a moped . . . give me a break, I just got out on a DWI offense . . . ...
Taylor v. BARBERINO
... The plaintiffs, Marsha B. Taylor, formerly known as Marsha B. Petruzelli, and the accounting firm of Draskinis & Reims, PC, trustee of the Marsha B. Petruzelli Accumulation Trust and the Marsha B. Petruzelli Spray Trust (trusts), appeal from the summary judgment rendered by ...


Doing nothing, Mr Prescott said, was not an option. "The science is clear and the evidence is no longer challenged," he said. "1998 looks to be the world's warmest year on record, and this year's El Nino was the worst on record."
"We can hardly believe this," said ABD Chairman Brian Gregory, shaking his head. "Mr Prescott is far from stupid and has nothing but grief to gain from his support for Global Warming Theory. We can only assume that he is so busy running his huge department that it is easy for the huge raft of evidence against this very convenient (for the environmentalists) theory to be kept from him."
The European Science And Environment Forum - a group of independent scientists concerned about "premature certainty" on environmental issues described the Greenhouse Effect as "a Political rather than a scientific phenomenon" in their 1996 book, The Global Warming Debate. Mr Prescott is obviously more interested in decree than debate.
Friis-Christensen and Lassen pointed out in the Journal of Atmospheric & Terrestial Physics that 83% of global temperature variations since the 1500s can be accounted for by the solar cycle. Obviously not on JP's bedtime reading list - unsurprisingly!.
But he should have seen the Economist and in the Observer in April 1998, which extensively reported that Dr Friis-Christensen and another Danish scientist called Svensmark proposed a mechanism involving cosmic rays and cloud formation to explain these observations.
This impressed Dr Kirkby and Dr Close, physicists at Cern in Geneva, enough for them to propose building equipment to test this theory. Obviously, what is clear to John Prescott is rather more challenging to real scientists - a case of a little knowledge being dangerous.
Physicist Nigel Calder has written a book - The Manic Sun - which challenges the idea that burning fossil fuels warms the planet. But our John doesn't know about that, either.
Dr Piers Corbyn of Weather Action and the Southbank University wrote a major article in the May edition of Weather Action. This began by questioning the "conventional wisdom" of man made global warming which were "clearly contradicted" by reliable satellite measurements. He said that the fundamental assumptions behind GWT must be challenged. On the front cover is a picture of Dr Corbyn talking to John Prescott's Cabinet colleague Alistair Darling, who visited the centre in April. John obviously doesn't have time to talk to his colleagues, either!
John says 'this is the hottest year on record' (even before the year has finished!) - wrong! In mediaeval times, global temperatures were at least a degree Centigrade warmer than now, while GWT theory has been constructed around half a degree warming over this century.
Even this warming as measured at the surface, often in cities. This is not accurate because cities have got warmer in modern times. They are called 'urban heat islands', and temperature readings are simply not representative. With so much hot air in Westminster, nobody should be surprised by this.
Computer models used to predict chaos are limited by available computing power at the moment. When the best models are run over even short timescales, starting with data say from 20 or 30 years ago they cannot get today's climate right, and they go wrong when started with today's data and are run backwards. If the assumptions put in are wrong, so will what comes out be wrong.
British Antarctic Survey data and websites tell the story that the small pieces of ice sheet which are seen by satellite to be breaking away do so for purely local reasons, and this has been happening for a very long time.
Global warming has happened many times before cars and industry were invented, and to higher degree than now. Climatologists agree that during the period 9,000 BC - 5,000 BC global temperatures were over two degrees warmer than now, while a team led by Prof. Shamesh of the Weizmann Institute, Israel, has shown from lake sediments in Kenya that there was another period of global warming between 350 BC and 450 AD.
Natural climate variation has gone the other way too, with a mini ice age during the period 1645 - 1715 attributed to a decrease in solar activity observed and recorded by astronomers at the time - during this period the River Thames repeatedly froze over.
Carbon Dioxide is touted about as 'the' greenhouse gas yet water vapour has an absolute greenhouse effect over twice as large as CO2 ; computer models are largely based on CO2 warming and this is another inaccuracy inherent in these models.
Sherwood Idso of the US Water Conservation Laboratory in Arizona has published articles which show how 'alterations' to major climate change publications have appeared mysteriously, comparing pre-publication versions and that which is released (e.g. the first definitive world document on GWT (The Science of Climate Change 1995) he found that somehow over 15 sections had had their wording changed AFTER scientists approved the final draft.
Up to 25% of ice core samples (the main way of measuring historic CO2 concentrations) are regularly rejected as "unsuitable" because they do not fit the required theory.
Many of the main proponents of GWT were predicting an ice age with equal fervour just 20 years ago. Many of them have funding packages which depend entirely on accepting GWT as a fundamental assumption behind their work.
Clear science, Mr Prescott? Evidence no longer challenged, Mr Prescott? We think not.
The plain fact is that, when natural sources of CO2 are taken into account, cars generate less than one percent of global CO2 emissions anyway - moreover domestic heating accounts for more CO2 than does transport, yet the tax element on domestic fuel is 5% whereas for petrol it is over 400%.
Meanwhile, our truck drivers go out of business because diesel is so much cheaper on the continent, where they are past masters at agreeing to things then doing nothing. The Germans are even getting rid of nuclear power, which can only increase their CO2 emissions.
If Prescott goes ahead with his more draconian plans to achieve this absurd 20% CO2 reduction target, the economic hardship he creates will be one helluva way to justify raising indirect taxes from motorists. If we are entering a mini ice age in 30 years - something which seems just as likely as the costa del Blackpool scenario - then John Prescott is likely to be remembered as a figure of loathing and ridicule rather than the courageous pioneer he sees when he looks in the mirror.


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Christine Rhode-Parsons
What does it mean to "Start Up a Pool"?
Any time that a new pool finish has been applied or the pool has been emptied it is necessary to add the proper chemicals to bring the water into balance. The parameters for properly balancing water is available from organizations like the APSP and the NPC.
New pool finishes can have a dramatic impact on the quality of the water, due to the hydration process of the cement. While the cement continues to hydrate and harden it releases calcium hydroxide, which transforms into calcium carbonate, which elevates the pH and alkalinity levels in the water. If left untreated, these elevated levels can have serious detrimental effects on the new finish, that can be un-reversible.
A proper Start Up procedure protects and preserves the new pool finish and facilitates a longer service life, with greater aesthetic appeal.
"The pool finish will start to hydrate immediately after mixing, with the majority of hydration taking place within the first 28 days. This critical time period is when a finish is most susceptible to staining, scaling and discoloration. Proper start-up procedures including timely brushing and constant monitoring and adjusting of the pool water is mandatory. The following recommended start-up method is based on procedures shown to produce the best aesthetic results. Due to unique local water conditions and environmental factors, parts of these recommended start-up procedures may need to be modified to protect the pool finish. For example: filling the pool with extremely low calcium hardness, low pH or low total alkalinity levels may necessitate changes to these procedures. Brushing and monitored chemical2 adjustments will be mandatory by the homeowner or a trained pool technician during the service life of any pool surface.
"National Plasterers Council, NPC Start Up Card, September 2012 edition
Give us a call at (239) 440-1241, to set up an on-site appointment.
What is The Schedule for My Pool Renovation Project?
How to Choose Your Pool Deck Material?
POOL MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS (After Re-Surfacing Interior)
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In 2018, Pentecost falls on May 20. Our chasubles are custom-made when you order them, so we suggest ordering well in advance to ensure that you receive your items by the date needed. We stock a wide variety of exquisite fabrics and intricate embroidered designs, so if you do not see what you are looking for, please give us a call and we would be happy to create something just for you! We are also able to create matching sets as well as altar cloths, banners, and more, giving your church a coordinated look.
The liturgical color of Pentecost is red. The Holy Spirit, dove, and flames are common symbols of Pentecost. A red item without those symbols is also appropriate for Palm Sunday as well as the feast days of martyrs.


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Full Form of MBBS, BDS, BAMS, BUMS, B. Sc. Nursing
April 12, 2021 by Laxmi
Full Form of MBBS, BDS, BAMS, BUMS, B. Sc. Nursing: Science, especially medicine, can be both mysterious and difficult to grasp. It is both miraculous and overwhelming because even a small drug or injection can cure a serious disease. Learning medical sciences requires a high degree of commitment. Many young medical studies are concerned with the full forms of MBBS, BDS, and other courses.
On the other hand, many others are oblivious of the complete forms of BAMS, BUMS, B.Sc., and other related courses. The complete forms of these courses can be difficult to grasp at times. Students often become perplexed by the course's abbreviations and find themselves in a challenging situation. Since they don't have access to full forms of these courses, students have a hard time remembering them.
Candidates who are having trouble understanding the full forms of BUMS, BAMS, BHMS, and other allied courses can now get answers from this post. We have included the full form and a brief of MBBS, BUMS, BAMS, and other allied courses in this article for the benefit of those interested in the field of medicine.
Full Forms And Brief of The Courses
MBBS Full Form: Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Science is abbreviated as MBBS. The course lasts 5.5 years, and to obtain an MBBS degree, a student must have a +2 in subjects like physics, biology, and chemistry.
Full Form of BDS: Bachelor in Dental Surgery is abbreviated as BDS. The course goes into the specifics of dental conditions and how to treat them. It is a 5-year program in which students must pass their 10+2 exams in subjects such as biology, chemistry, and physics with a 50 percent overall score.
BHMS Full Form: Homeopathic Medicine and Surgery is a bachelor's degree program in homeopathy. It is a medical degree program at the undergraduate level. It is a five-year program that consists of four years of research and one year of internship. Admission to the BHMS program is through an entrance test, and students must have completed a 10+2 diploma from an accredited board to apply.
Full Form of BUMS: Bachelor in Unani Medicine and Surgery is abbreviated as BUMS. It's a five-year bachelor's degree program. It covers allopathic medicine as well as the study of medicine. It is a thorough course that teaches about the healing mechanisms that depend on the body's natural power. The candidate for this course must be at least 17 years old and have completed 10+2 from an accredited board.
Full Form of BAMS: Bachelor of Ayurveda, Medicine, and Surgery (BAMS) is an acronym for Bachelor of Ayurveda, Medicine, and Surgery. It's also a five-year undergraduate program where students learn about ayurvedic medicine and treatment methods. It also includes information on modern medicine.
B.Sc. Nursing Full Form: Bachelor of Science in Nursing is abbreviated as B.Sc. Nursing. It is a four-year bachelor's degree program. It covers all aspects of nursing methods, and to apply for the course, a student must have completed 10+2 from a recognized university or board.
B.VSc Full Form: Bachelor of Veterinary Sciences (B.VSc) is the abbreviation for Bachelor of Veterinary Sciences. It is the study of different diseases in animals and how they are treated. It's a five-and-a-half-year program with a six-month internship requirement at the end. To apply for the course, a student must have completed 10+2 with a minimum of 50% aggregate.
BNYS Full Form: Bachelor in Naturopathy and Yoga Sciences is abbreviated as BNYS. The study of natural medicine and yogic methods to cure and treat different diseases is known as BNYS. It is a 4.5-year program that allows students to have completed their 12th grade from an approved board.
BSMS Full Form: Bachelor of Siddha Medicine and Sciences (BSMS) is an acronym for Bachelor of Siddha Medicine and Sciences. It is a five-year program that involves four years of intensive classroom study and one year of mandatory internship. The study of ancient remedies and complementary methods of treating patients is the focus of this course.
B. Sc. EMT Full Form: Emergency Medical Technology is a bachelor's degree program. The course discusses everything there is to know about emergency responses to vital healthcare needs. Students pursuing a B. Sc. in EMT must research in-depth the preparation, organization, and all other forms of assistance that a patient needs in an emergency.
BASLP Full Form: Bachelor of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology is an abbreviation for Bachelor of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology. It is a four-year curriculum that includes both theoretical and clinical instruction. The course addresses all aspects of speech and hearing disabilities, as well as their care.
BOT Full Form: Bachelor in Occupational Therapy is abbreviated as BOT. The course teaches students how to use multiple clinical approaches to treat a variety of physical and psychological issues.
Conclusion on Full Form of MBBS, BDS, BAMS, BUMS, B. Sc. Nursing
We assume that the data on the diverse clinical courses that we have given above will be useful to young aspirants. We hope that the complete forms of MBBS, BDS, BAMS, BHMS, and other medical degrees are now clear to readers. This will help them throughout their lives, and they will have no trouble recalling these complete forms. The above material will also offer kids a broad knowledge of the relevant courses relevant to the field of medicine.
Categories Courses
Courses after BA | After BA What I Can do? | Best Courses & High Paying Jobs after Bachelor of Arts
March 12, 2021 by Prasanna
Courses after BA: The greatest achievement in every students' academic life is completing Graduation. On the other hand, students are worried and feel stressed while deciding to opt for higher studies or look for job opportunities. In present situations, a graduate degree with sufficient knowledge on the chosen field is not sufficient to sustain in this strong competition. In order to sustain and stand apart from the crowd, all you should do is hold the certificate course or postgraduation on particular specializations.
To help all BA graduates, we have curated the best career options and higher courses that can opt after BA on this article. So, if you are a graduate in the Bachelor of Arts field can check out the complete list of top professional courses after BA which aid you explore more in your chosen field of interest and grab a wide range of career opportunities and high-paying jobs after BA.
Best Employment-Oriented Courses After BA
About MA Degree Program
Best Universities Offer Master of Arts (MA) Degree Program
Why MBA?
Top Universities & Colleges
Bachelor of Education (BEd) Course
PG Diploma Courses After Bachelor of Arts
Designing & Fine Arts Courses After BA
Bachelor of Law (LLB)
Careers After BA
High-Paying Jobs after BA
Government Jobs After BA
FAQs on Courses After Bachelor of Arts (BA)
Bachelor of Arts course is very interesting and preferable one to build your career in various fields. To get the best jobs after BA, you should study postgraduation or employment-oriented courses. There are many promising career opportunities and job-oriented courses after a bachelor of arts across diverse specializations and subjects. You can explore miscellaneous courses after BA including Fine Arts, Business Management, Analytics, IT to Fine Arts, Graphic Designing, Interior Designing, Fashion Designing, Content Writing, Advertising. From this, you will definitely find the answer to What next after BA? So, follow the list of best job-oriented courses after BA below and also have a look at the provided high-paying jobs after Bachelor of Arts.
Here is a list of the best career options and job oriented courses after Bachelor of Arts(BA):
Master of Journalism and Mass Communication (MJMC)
Masters/PG Diploma in Digital Marketing
Bachelor of Education (BEd)
Fashion Design Courses
Visual Arts Courses
Foreign Language Certifications
Event Management Courses
PG Diploma Courses
PG Diploma in Management (PGDM)
PG Diploma in Business Analytics (PGDBA)
PG Diploma in Marketing
PG Diploma in Finance
PG Diploma in Computer Applications (PGDCA)
PG Diploma in Development Studies
PG Diploma in Social Work
MA stands for Master of Arts, is the most preferred PG program that candidates can opt for courses after BA. Master of Arts is a two-year degree course provided in a wide range of fields like English, Hindi, Political Science, Journalism, Mass Communication, Regional and Foreign Languages, Fine Arts, Media, History, Philosophy, etc. The aim of an MA degree is to provide first-class academic knowledge and disclosure to students' interested field. Also, once you have finished an MA, you can opt for M.Phil and doctoral programs.
MEC Courses
Courses After BiPC
Toughest Courses in the World
Students can find the best & popular universities across the world to study ample MA courses in various specializations. Below is the list of the world's first universities that offer MA degree programs with the best career options:
University of Hamburg
People who are thinking that an MBA PG program can't be studied after completing the BA are simply wrong. They can pursue an MBA course after BA as MBA is a program that can be pursued by any graduate student irrespective of all streams such as Arts, Science, or Commerce. It is one of the best courses for various career opportunities. Most of the candidates are choosing an MBA degree to opt for the profitable and amazing job chances that it offers.
Master of Business Administration (MBA) degree helps pursuing candidates to manage complex and risk-oriented business circumstances and gain managerial skills to work in the fast-growing corporate industry. Also, MBA permits you to expose various career possibilities in both public and private sectors across the world. However, candidates who are willing to become an entrepreneur, can choose MBA PG Degree Program and acquire the necessary skills and knowledge of the startup business.
MBA is one of the best courses after BA, which offers a varied range of specializations from Fashion Designing and Media Management to Travel and Tourism Management and Sports Management. The following are the few popular universities and colleges providing MBA Courses:
A fortunate chance for BA candidates who are wanting to begin their career by educating others as a teacher can choose the BEd course after BA. The BEd stands for Bachelor of Education and it is a 3-4 year program where you can explore and concentrate on various topics such as ICT, Pedagogy of a School Subject, different learning methods, etc. After successful completion of the BEd course, you have to take up the teaching aptitude tests like TET, CTET, etc. Once you crack any of these tests then you can directly continue teaching profiles in elementary, primary, and secondary schools. That's how you can fulfill your dream of becoming a teacher after pursuing a BA.
One more amazing and lucrative option for the candidates who want to pursue temporary courses after BA is Diploma Courses after Graduation. These diploma courses are full-time PG degree programs running for a period of 6-12 months. You can also consider this program equally with the MA degree courses as it provides enough knowledge and skills in your selected area in a short period of time.
Also, you can observe various benefits in opting for Postgraduate diploma courses after BA like exploring a varied range of fields in a shorter period. Here is the list of major disciplines you can select from:
Interior Designing, etc.
Moreover, We have written down the top best colleges and institutions allowing postgraduate diploma programs for undergraduates viewing for courses after BA:
Candidates who are more willing towards artistic endeavors can pursue various specialized design and fine arts courses open for BA graduates. There are many specializations offered from MDes to Master of Fine Arts (MFA) under the degree courses after BA. Students who want to explore deeper into a specific field of arts and design can opt for these programmes and gain proficiency in the same. Here are the most prominent specialization provided under master's level design programmes:
Design Computing
Fashion and Textile Design
Shoe Designing
Leather Designing
LLB or Bachelor of Law is a highly valued option amongst those who aspire to study courses after BA. Bachelor of Law program is for 3 years and it offers comprehensive knowledge on concepts such as Jurisprudence, Environmental Law, Arbitration, Law of Insurance, Consumer Protection Act, etc. After completion of LLB, you can either opt for the LLM course and kickstart your practice once you registered with the relevant councils or employment in government or private fields.
Are you worried about your career after BA? then, check this list and find all answers to the common questions headed in fresh BA graduate minds like What to do after BA? What are the careers after BA? Here are the prominent careers and jobs list that helps you after BA:
Advertising / Broadcast / Journalism and Mass Communication
Business Process Outsourcing Units
Policing / Civil Services
Film Editing and Direction
Public Planning
Graphics and Printing Industry
Religious Studies / International Relations
Social Work / Community Service
Highest Paid Jobs after BA
Bachelor of Arts is packed with extensive career scope and diverse possibilities over the public and private sector. Following is the list of the best-paid jobs after BA:
Government Jobs in Civil Services, Indian Railways, Defence Services, Indian Foreign Services
Bank PO/Clerk Jobs
News Journalist
Teacher/Professor
For those looking for a career after BA, the best employment sector is the government sector. You can discover several job vacancies in Civil Services, Defence Services, Indian Foreign Services, Indian Railways, and other administrative departments to explore after Bachelor of Arts. The following are the important government exams you should write and clear after BA for a promising government job:
Indian Railways (RRB exams)
IPS, IAS, IRS
Defence Services like Indian Army
State Public Services
Indian Foreign Services
1. Can we do an MBA after BA?
Of course, yes you can do an MBA after BA. An MBA is a postgraduation course where any stream graduation candidate like arts, commerce, and science can pursue. Once you clear the BA program, you can pick many MBA specialization programs like MBA in Interior Designing, MBA in Airport Management, MBA in Entrepreneurship, amongst others.
2. What are the career prospects after BA?
There are numerous career options for BA graduates in both the private and government sectors. The list of Government & Private Jobs after BA are as follows:
Operations Team Leader
Indian Administrative Service (IAS)
Indian Police Service (IPS)
Indian Foreign Service (IFS)
Upper Division Clerks
Tax Assistant
Senior Secretariat Assistant
Accountant/Junior Accountant
Indian Revenue Service (IRS) and many more
3. Which BA course has the highest salary?
List of Highest Paying Jobs In India for BA Course Students are
Product Manager.
Fashion Designer.
Insurance Manager.
Corporate Lawyer.
Management Roles.
Digital Marketing.
Graphic Designer.
Journalist.
MEC Courses List | Check Mathematics, Economics, and Commerce Subjects, Top Institutes, Jobs, Scope for Arts & Commerce Students
March 9, 2021 by Prasanna
Do you have an idea about the MEC Courses? If not, then make use of this guide can be helpful for you a lot. MEC stands for commerce subjects – Mathematics, Economics, and Commerce. The heart of the commerce stream is known as the MEC group. The subjects included in this MEC group also be discovered in the arts stream and science stream. After pursuing MEC Courses can make their career path so high by opting for various jobs in different fields.
Study MEC in the 12th curriculum with high quality of education and drive your life to a comprehensive selection of career prospects. In order to show you the right path to move forward, we have collected a lot of information about MEC courses and listed out courses corresponding to the MEC group of subjects in the below modules. Make use of these direct links & jump into the respective head of the MEC Courses to get a clear idea.
This Blog Includes:
MEC Full Form
Mathematics, Economics, and Commerce Course Details | MEC Subjects
MEC Courses for Commerce Students
Mathematics, Economics, and Commerce Courses for Arts Students
MEC Courses in Education
Best Diploma Courses for MEC Students
MEC Courses after 10th
Mathematics, Economics, and Commerce Courses after Intermediate
MEC Jobs After Intermediate
Top-Best Universities for MEC Courses
Scope & Career Opportunities in MEC
FAQs on Mathematics, Economics, and Commerce Courses
MEC Full Form is Mathematics, Economics, and Commerce. Students can choose MEC Course after completion of their SSC or Matriculation or 10th Class. They can opt for this MEC group of subjects to build their career in Finance, Economics, Accountancy, Business, and Management, etc. So, choose MEC Subjects and gain fundamental knowledge about the arts & science stream, and opt for the best courses for higher studies and great career opportunities. Just look at the MEC Course details elaborately from the below section & step into the correct path.
Mathematics, Economics, and Commerce Course Details | MEC Subjects Info
MEC refers to Mathematics, Economics, and Commerce subjects whereas the MEC group is the core of the commerce stream.
Students can master both arts and science stream by choosing the MEC Courses.
The best part of choosing the MEC group after matriculation is having a wider range of career opportunities in various streams like the Commerce, Arts, Education, and Teaching field.
Students of the MEC group can also see great career scope in Business and Management or in Computer Applications, IT, Finance, Accounting, Marketing, etc.
After 12th or Intermediate, MEC students can explore diverse MEC courses at the bachelor's level like BBA, BCA, BBS, BMS, and BCom professional courses or BA Mathematics Honors, BA Economics Honors, BA English Literature, and more honors programs.
For better employment opportunities, students can also study and complete the Diploma courses & Certificate courses in MEC subjects.
In MEC Course, Mathematics concepts develop the student's brains and make them pro in Math problems.
In the MEC Group, Economics is a vast subject in the Humanities stream. Also, it helps students to figure out the economy of the nation
Students pursuing the Course of MEC can grasp trade and business pretty well.
Students who choose MEC courses can master all commerce subjects. Commerce subject is expanded in various professions like marketing, finance, business, management, IT, etc. So, there is plenty of MEC courses over the commerce and arts stream after completing your Inter. By choosing the various courses from the below list and set up your career in the commerce stream with a wide range of job opportunities right from business administration to computer administration. Courses in commerce are spread throughout fields like finance, accounting, management, marketing, IT, etc.
Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA)
Bachelor in Computer Applications (BCA)
Bachelor in Arts (Mathematics)
Bachelor in Arts (Economics)
Bachelor in Finance and Accounting (BFA)
Bachelor of Commerce (BCom)
Chartered Accountancy (CA)
Bachelor in Business and Management (BBM)
Master of Business Administration (MBA) or MBA in specialized fields such as MBA in Finance, MBA in Digital Marketing, etc.
Master of Computer Applications (MCA)
Do Refer: CA After Graduation
MEC Courses for Arts Students
Are you interested in purse the Arts stream? then MEC courses for art students are listed here. Check out the list of MEC Course After 12th arts and Non-MEC courses after 12th arts and drive in the success path of the economics and arts or commerce. You can study graduation, post-graduation, and diploma certification courses in these fields also. Thus, make use of the below table and note down the MEC courses for the Arts stream.
MEC Courses After 12th Arts Non-MEC Courses After 12th Arts
Bachelor of Commerce (B.Com)
Bachelor of Arts (Economics)
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)
Master of Commerce (M.Com)
Master of Arts(Economics)
Bachelor of Fine Arts(BFA)
BSc in Fashion Design/Interior Design
BSc. in Social Sciences
Bachelor of Journalism
Bachelor of Journalism and Mass Communication (BJMC)
BA in English Literature
BSc Geography
BSc in Public Administration
MEC Courses: Education
Are you guys thinking to set up your career in an education path like teaching? Then, these MEC courses can aid you to pursue these subjects at bachelor's degree as well as postgraduate degree levels. For instance, if you finished a Bachelor of Arts in Economics then you can lead students to a teaching career in economics. Or else, choose the graduate degree in maths or commerce and then studying a PG degree to start your career as a teacher in any of these two subjects. Below are the most commonly selected bachelor's degrees and diplomas in Education:
Diploma in Elementary Education
Bachelor of Physical Education
BEd Special Education
Bachelor of Arts in Economics (Hons)
Bachelor of Science in Mathematics (Hons)
Bachelor of Arts in Commerce (Hons)
MA in Economics
MBA in Economics
Master of Arts in Financial Economics
Bachelor of Science in Computer Science (BSc. in CS)
Other Special Education Courses
MEC Diploma Courses
Guys who love doing experiments with their passions and interests can do diploma and certification courses. It will help you evaluate your ability towards a specific field. The best part is without the 12th curriculum also you can pursue these diploma and certification courses to build a great career. Also, you can go ahead with the graduation and post-graduation courses after completing the diploma in MEC. Here is the list of top Diploma Courses in MEC subjects, have a look at them and choose the suitable course:
Diploma of Commerce
Diploma in Business Management
Diploma in Accounting and Finance
Diploma in Business and Finance
Diploma in Taxation
Once you finish the 10th, you can lead your career by pursuing MEC Courses and attain various opportunities too. Students who are excited to know what are the MEC Courses after the 10th can keep their eyes on this section and get their answers. Students can pursue these courses in Diploma, vocational courses, or either in 12th standard. You can find all these courses in various streams thus you can gain diverse career options in the future.
Air Hostess Training
Beautician Training Courses
Diploma in Business and Management
Diploma in Economics
Diploma in Electrical Engineering
Diploma in Electronics Engineering
Diploma in Retail Management
MEC Courses after Intermediate
Candidates who choose the MEC group in the 12th curriculum can study Economics in the arts & commerce stream, Commerce in commerce stream, and Mathematics in the commerce & science stream. The list of MEC Courses after Inter are prevailing below:
BA in Economics
Bachelor of Fine Arts (BFA)
Company Secretary (CS)
Bachelor of Information Technology
Jobs for MEC Students after Intermediate
One of the productive subjects is MEC and it supports students to build their career with the highest paid jobs across Commerce, Arts, Science, Education, and Technology. The best job options for MEC graduates and post-graduate students are listed below:
Content Writer/Copy Editor
Top-Best Universities Offer MEC Courses
There are numerous universities that allow diploma, graduation, post-graduation, and master's program to its national and international students in Mathematics, Economics, and Commerce. These few universities are famous for MEC Courses so do deep research on the institutes and complete your studies from the best institute to bag great career chances.
To master your professional skills and new thoughts on real-time situations, you have the scope for great career opportunities after pursuing MEC courses in UG, PG, masters in arts & science streams. You can observe plenty of job openings in different Government and Private sectors to open up your education and practice your skills in the right place. Take the right decision by checking out the list given below on major job profiles that a candidate can work on after the MEC course:
Statistician
Cost and Work Accountant
Also, check out the following list of top recruiters who hires students after completing their Mathematics, Economics, and Commerce graduation, post-graduation, and masters degree:
FAQs on MEC Courses
1. What is the abbreviation of MEC?
The abbreviation of MEC is Mathematics, Economics, and Commerce.
2. What are the advantages of MEC?
The important advantage of choosing the MEC group is that it involves a diverse range of career possibilities over profitable sectors like Business, Management, Marketing, Accountancy, Finance, Information Technology, Economics, and many more.
3. What are the graduate programs in commerce after MEC?
Here are the few graduate programs that students can study after MEC in the 12th curriculum is B.Com, BBA, BCA, BMS.
4. Which is better CEC or MEC?
You can choose any of the groups from CEC and MEC after the 10th exams. Both groups are better if you have a passion for commerce-related subjects. If we consider the career prospects, then MEC is the better option compared to CEC as it has many employment opportunities in today's field.
CA After Graduation – Eligibility, Admission, Fees, Duration, Syllabus, Career Prospects
March 10, 2021 March 9, 2021 by Prasanna
Chartered Accountancy is termed as one of the toughest courses in the world. CA Program needs an individual to learn about the Accountancy Concepts, Theories, and Standards. After completing the course an individual will be provided with a Designation of Chartered Accountant. Go through the complete article to learn about the CA After Graduation complete information such as Eligibility, Duration, Fees, Syllabus, Admission through CPT or Direct Scheme and other related specifications.
Eligibility Criteria for CA
Fee Structure for Chartered Accountancy
Admission Procedure for CA
CA Course Duration
CA Syllabus
Career Prospects for CA After Graduation
Top Companies that hire CA Professionals
How many years, of course, is CA After Graduation?
Is it good to do CA After Graduation?
What is the Process of CA After Graduation?
Is CA a Good Career Option?
CA After Graduation Course Overview
Duration 3-3.5 years
Percentage Required 55% for commerce
60% for arts/humanities/science
Eligibility 55% for commerce students
60% for arts or science students
Must have studied any 3 commerce-related subjects like Accounting, Auditing, Economics, Corporate Laws, Taxation, etc.
Last Date to register September 1, 2020, for May 2021 Exam
1 March 2021 for November 2021 Exam
Fees 19000-27000 INR
Syllabus Business Ethics and Communication, Costing, Taxation, Advanced Accounting, Auditing, Insurance, Information Technology, Strategic Management, etc.
Process 1. Directly appear for IPCC
2. After 9 months, complete Articleship.
Candidates who want to pursue Chartered Accountancy After Graduation or XII have to meet the following eligibility requirements. They are in the following fashion
Students must secure at least 55% in their Graduation/ Post Graduation from Commerce Related Field. And those who want to pursue CA After Graduation must have studies at least three commerce subjects as Accountancy, Economics, Auditing, Taxation, Corporate Laws, Costing amongst others.
If you are from a non-commerce background the minimum aggregate needed can be up to 60%.
You need to clear the Company Secretary Intermediate Exams held by the Institute of Company Secretaries of India or the (CWA) Intermediate Exams organized by the Institute of Cost Accountants of India.
The Fees for pursuing CA After Graduation rages somewhere between 19K-27K INR. This includes the Registration Fee, orientation course fee, article registration fees, and information technology fee. However, this is not a fixed fee and the fee structure might vary depending on the college's reputation. So before joining just confirm with the respective college's official portal or by visiting the ICAI official website.
There are two different ways in which students can attain their CA qualifications. One is you can pursue after completing the 12th or after your Bachelor's Degree. Those who wish to pursue CA After the 12th can clear the CA Foundation Exam. On the other hand, those wishing to pursue after CA after Graduation direct entry scheme provides them the Exemption if they attain a certain percentage in Bachelor's Degree.
Refer to the below table to know on How you can become CA in both scenarios.
CA Course CA After Class 12th CA After Graduation
Minimum Duration 4.5 Years 3 Years
Level CPT/CA Foundation Direct Entry
Exception None No CPT
IPCC Eligibility 9 months after IPCC 9 months after Articleship
Articleship Eligibility After Group I of IPCC After Registration
Through CPT Route
12th Standard Pass out Candidates who are willing to undertake the CA Course have to appear for the Common Proficiency Test(CPT) which is renamed as CA Foundation. Once you clear the CA Foundation you need to take both groups of CA IPCC and then appear for CA Final Exam. In addition, one needs to finish the complete 9 months of practical training known as Articleship.
CA Direct Entry Scheme After Graduation
Students can signup for CA after Graduation along with appearing for CA Foundation. Candidates who have secured a certain percentage in graduation can apply for articleship and IPCC Exams. Pursuing CA through Direct Scheme exempts students from taking the CA Foundation Exam and you can directly appear for the CA Intermediate Exam.
Enroll for IPCC both groups
100 hours of Information Technology Training
Appearing for both groups of the IPCC Exam
Complete 9 Months of mandatory Practical Training (Articleship)
CA Final Exam
Awarding of the CA Designation
Duration for Chartered Accountancy varies depending on the route you have opted for.
Students who want to pursue their CA after 12th have to take the CPT Route and the duration of it is around 4-4.5 Years.
A Candidate aiming to pursue CA after Graduation should Choose the Direct Entry Route for which duration is 3 Years.
When it comes to the Maximum Duration there is no specific time as the ICAI removed the number of Attempts and the Age Limit.
Also, See:
Highest Salary Jobs for Commerce Students
There are three different levels of exams you need to qualify in order to reach your desired designation. Let us have a look at the different levels of exams and what they include
Common Proficiency Test(CPT): CPT or CA Foundation is the Preliminary Accounting Exam. This Test is for 200 Marks and tests the individual's fundamentals on Accounting, General Economics, Mercantile Laws, and Quantitative Aptitude that are a part of the CPT Syllabus.
Integrated Professional Competence (IPCC): Advanced Accounting Concepts are dealt with during the Two Group IPCC Exams. IPCC Syllabus includes Business Ethics and Communication, Taxation, Costing, Advanced Accounting, Auditing, Information Technology, Insurance, Strategic Management, etc. Students who are in the final year can also take this exam.
CA Final: Final Stage of the CA Course is the difficult one to crack. It includes highly advanced topics such as Financial Reporting, Strategic Finance, Professional Ethics, Accountancy, Advanced Management, etc. Clearing this exam you will get way closer to acquiring CA Certification.
There are plenty of career options available for candidates in Commerce Stream. CA Course Structure and Curriculum is highly rigorous and incorporates practical training among students which is highly regarded by the companies. In fact, Candidates who pursued CA can complement their learning by joining other studies such as MBA, CFA, FRM Exam, etc. Popular Career Options for Candidates who Pursued CA After Graduation are outlined in the below lines.
After finishing their CA one can join a reputated company or start a firm on their own. Here, we have included the best firms that hire CA Professionals. They are along the lines
SS Kothari
SR Dinodia and Co. LLP
RSM International
Luthra and Luthra
FAQs on CA After Graduation
1. How many years, of course, is CA After Graduation?
CA After Graduation is a 3 Year Course.
2. Is it good to do CA After Graduation?
Yes, it is good to do CA After Graduation as you can save some years. In fact, it provides you a plethora of opportunities in a wide range of companies.
3. What is the Process of CA After Graduation?
Candidates who have secured a certain percentage in graduation can apply for articleship and IPCC Exams. Pursuing CA through Direct Scheme exempts students from taking the CA Foundation Exam and you can directly appear for the CA Intermediate Exam.
4. Is CA a Good Career Option?
Yes, it is a good career option as it is in demand in almost all industries. Being a Chartered Accountant an individual can work in government, public undertaking, private sectors. If you don't want to work under some one you can practice individually.


A river in Brazil, which originates in the state of Minas Gerais. It usually runs north behind the coastal range.
A Brazilian River in South America. one of the world's longest tributaries and the Amazon's River longest tributary.
The principal river of Colombia in South America. The river that runs through and splits Columbia in half.
The largest left tributary of the Amazon and the largest blackwater river in the world.
One of the major rivers in South America that runs through Brazil and Argentina and Paraguay. The river forms a border between Brazil and Bolivia and Paraguay and Argentina.
A river in Brazil; it's not a branch of the Amazon, which at times have been considered. The river rises at Pireneus a mountainous district that is west of the Federal District. There are 20 smaller branches of the river.
The river rises approximately 70 miles north of Lake Titicaca in South America, was first called San Miguel. Torres explored it and estimated its length approximately 186 miles from the mouth of the Pachitea to intersection of the Tambo and Urubamba.
The easternmost river leading into Amazon. It is also known as Rio Xingu. Its length is approximately 1, 230 miles that is located in northern Brazil. The river is a tributary of the Amazon from the southeast.
Mainly in Venezuela, flowing for more than 1500 miles north to the Atlantic Ocean. At the mouth of the river a delta is formed, which branches off into hundreds of rivers and waterways through swarmy forests.
One of the three major river systems in Central South America. It runs through Paraguay and Argentina for about 1, 600 miles. The length of river increases to about 2,484 miles if the headwaters of river in Brazil is counted. It's second in size to the Amazon River in South America.


Why The News Trade Misery Continues!
Another month goes by and the News Trade Industry problems continue, with numerous efficiency effecting the system that stops any chance of the trade stemming the tide to flow in the opposite direction of enjoying some sort of satisfaction of running a profitable business on a regular basis.
Over the past few weeks some Publishers have started to increase the selling prices of National Newspapers, some defy the logic of common sense of being totally honest with their so called partners, by hiding the actual factors that allow Publishers to siphon more of retailers hard earned profits for their own greedy vaults! Thankfully the Daily Mirror (Monday to Friday issue) increase this week has seen NO CUT in terms, which is a pleasant surprise to everyone concerned.
This website only last month went to extreme lengths to emphasise the inexcusable actions by the Guardian publishers, who shamefully tried to "hoodwink" newsagents by cutting retailers terms and not having the decency to be honest and upfront with their so called fellow Retail Partners.
Such was the anger by many retailers especially HND newsagents who are having a tough time at present, that the website's namesake contacted Retail Newsagents Associate Editor informing her that a letter had been sent for publication on this serious issue.
After numerous telephone calls to speak to the person concerned the acting editor of Retail Newsagent informed Mr Webb the letters page was already full for the next issue, so it was anticipated it would be published the following week. However, this was put aside because it appears copying another story from another website was more important than a publisher cutting retailers terms and acting in a underhanded manner that has no place in any industry.
Admittedly this publication is under the auspices of the NFRN shareholders, which again clearly shows everyone why the news trade industry is in its current unhealthy position. Here we have the a publication, that had been recognised as the voice of the news trade, but over the recent years it's been clearly seen by everyone that Retail Newsagent like the NFRN has little time for the genuine newsagents especially those operating home news delivery.
The current unhealthy situation within the trade is down to so many people not standing up to their responsibility, Publishers run the show simply because they have been allowed to, not recognising the need to work with Wholesalers and certainly the newsagents who at the end of the day are still their bread and butter winners.
The whole operation at times is a complete joke, papers late causing re-runs, causing mayhem, losing money, and most importantly lost customers who very rarely come back. Wholesalers only concern is how much money in carriage charges they are bringing in, whilst Publishers continue their dominance of destruction by doing what they want, when they want!
Whilst we can all point the finger at the guilty parties, a situation that has arisen over the recent weeks concerns this website dearly, and if it continues then its going to be a case of the last man out of the building please switch the lights out!
This website had a situation when the Guardian increased its price and cut retailers terms when a retail newsagent contacted us and said "What's a few pence between us trade partners! These few pence as the gentleman stated is losing many HND newsagents over £250 a week, thirteen thousands pounds a year!
More alarming is the way Publishers are trying to "hood wink" some Newsagents in believing their soft soap story of hardship which is playing right into Publishers hands.
Three weeks ago a HND Newsagent who has done a brilliant job since arriving on the news scene five years ago, wrote an article on his own website called DON'T MISS OUT ON INSERTS CASH, a story that will certainly convince all HND newsagents that publishers will expect the slave labour to continue, because this new entrepreneur believes the publishers insert cash is worth the effort involved! All those inserts under 70 grams we should continue to deliver without being financially rewarded!
Sorry young man, you might be privileged to get your daily supplies by 3am each morning, but please don't undermine fellow HND newsagents, who have worked many more years without being financially rewarded in the professional manner everyone expects within our Country!