text:
37th Haspa Marathon
© HOCHZWEI
Marathon along Hamburg's most beautiful sights
The classic among Hamburg's sporting events: On April 23, 2023, the 37th Haspa Marathon Hamburg will take place. Since the first edition in 1986, the euphoria has been unbroken, with over 18,000 amateur and world-class athletes taking part in the competition in the Hanseatic city every year.
But it is not only the starting field that is impressive in terms of numbers. Up to 700,00 people regularly cheer on the runners along the entire route. There is also a lot to see besides the athletes: From the start at the trade fair, the course connects virtually a "best of" the most beautiful sights of Hamburg. Via the Elbchaussee it goes to the fish market, past the Landungsbrücken to the HafenCity, from there via the Jungfernstieg along the Außenalster in the direction of the Stadtpark. The next and thus northernmost point of the route is in Ohlsdorf, from where it goes under loud motivational shouts to the Eppendorfer Baum, where the participants are almost traditionally expected by frenetic supporters. The last section consists of the western bank of the Alster and the district of Rotherbaum - with a view of the TV tower, the finish line is also reached at the Messe starting point.
Hamburg - Germany's number 1 sports city
You prefer pedaling instead of running? In addition to the marathon, Hamburg has another sporting highlight in the form of the EuroEyes Cyclassics Hamburg. And for those who would like to add a 3.8-kilometer swim course and a 180-kilometer bike course to their marathon run, the Hamburg Ironman awaits.
Germany's largest spring marathon measures a distance of 42.195 kilometers. All sufficiently trained persons or runners in good physical condition who are at least 18 years old in the year of the event are eligible to participate.
www.haspa-marathon-hamburg.de
23rd of April 2023
CITY AREA PORTRAIT St. Pauli, the Harbour & the Reeperbahn
At Hamburg's city coast, the Elbe and the harbour, you can just sit down and watch as ships, ferries and tugs pass by and enjoy the strong sea breeze. A few hundred meters away you can experience Hamburg's world-famous "sinful mile" – the Reeperbahn.
© Alexander Schliephake
Summer feeling with music in the greenery Summer in Altona
The Festival ''Summer in Altona'' is taking place again in the park at Nobistor in Hamburg. Guests can enjoy various concerts and relax in the green environment.
Summer in Altona
© Peter Fischer
Experience the importance of short film on Hamburg's screens International Short Film Festival
The International Short Film Festival Hamburg has its roots in the milieu of independent filmmakers. Today, the IKFF Hamburg is one of the most important and successful short film festivals worldwide for both the industry and the audience.
© ELBE&FLUT / Thomas Hampel
Free series of events in the summer months Summer in HafenCity
Every year from June to August the public squares, parks and promenades in HafenCity will be open to dancing, sports and literature. The "Summer in HafenCity" events series has been in existence since 2005, transforming the district into a lively meeting place every Sunday.
Summer in HafenCity


There's a scene early on in director Marc Turtletaub's new film "Puzzle" that reflects just how insular and sheltered his main character Agnes has always been. One of her sons has brought his girlfriend home for dinner and Agnes is startled to discover the girl doesn't eat any meat at all.
When the girlfriend gently explains that she is a Buddhist, Agnes (played by an excellent Kelly Macdonald) is bewildered. "I always hear people talking about Buddhism and celebrities who are Buddhist, but no one says what it is," she replies.
Perhaps Agnes' confusion should not be that hard to understand. Moviegoers discover that though she is fiercely intelligent and exceptionally good with numbers and logic problems, Agnes never had the opportunity to attend college and it is unclear if she ever worked outside of the home at all.
While she lives in Connecticut, "Puzzle" does not showcase the tony homes and lifestyles viewers of shows like the "Gilmore Girls" are used to seeing. Instead, Agnes and her family live in a working class neighborhood in Bridgeport. Like the rest of the state, Bridgeport is heavily segregated, which probably explains why there are no characters of color to be seen anywhere in the portions of the film set in the state.
Instead her world revolves around her two grown sons, who work for her husband's auto body shop and her church.
Both anxiety and the specter of lost chances loom over Agnes throughout "Puzzle." It's clear that the 40-something housewife and mother of two longs for something more but cannot define what that something would be or how she could possibly attain it.
That slowly begins to change when Agnes receives a jigsaw puzzle as a birthday gift after a family party. The puzzle is fittingly a map of the world and Agnes lights up at the chance to solve it, which she does with surprising speed. The need to get her hands on more (and better) puzzles even drives her to do something she very rarely does, which is to get a train to Manhattan in order to purchase some from a specialty board game shop.
It is there that she sees a mysterious advertisement from an "expert" puzzle player who is looking for a partner. After hours of anxious rumination, she nervously texts the puzzle expert, who turns out to be an Indian entrepreneur named Robert, played to perfection by Irrfan Khan.
Aside from their passion for puzzles, Robert is as different from Agnes as anyone could possibly be. He is a ridiculously wealthy man living in a Manhattan townhouse. She flinches at the fact that getting to Manhattan from Bridgeport means that she has to pay $20 for a train ticket. While she never watches the news and seems drawn to the order of puzzles because she cannot seem to control her own family, Robert waxes poetic about world affairs and treats the world as his exploring ground.
Despite those differences, Robert treats Agnes the way no one else in her life seems to: as an equal. The two quickly decide to begin playing in competitive puzzle tournaments together, a decision that for Agnes has wide ranging consequences. The white lies she tells to sneak off to Manhattan quickly begin adding up and her family struggles to adjust to the fact that she is not at their beck and call at every second.
Being a foreigner in Robert's orbit is for the most part a novel and immensely rewarding experience for Agnes and Macdonald deftly conveys the character's mix of fear and excitement as her world finally begins to get bigger.
There is not a hint of pity or condescension in Khan's performance and he imbues Robert with both, a sense of wonder and gratitude. But perhaps the most intriguing moment in "Puzzle" comes when Agnes asks him about his successful career as a tech inventor.
At a time when our social media feeds are filled with tech millionaires opining on the importance of a strong work ethic and how the world is a meritocracy, Robert's answer was particularly refreshing. He tells Agnes that his success can merely be attributed to luck and chance.
"Puzzle" is currently playing in select theaters in New York City and Los Angeles.


Simple and effortless, the Perspective 2050 eyeglasses define versatility. These wide, rimless frames feature rectangular shaped lenses that provide subtle definition to rounded features on medium to large faces. Thin, lightweight titanium arms perfectly complement these unexpectedly refreshing frames.


This impressive 16. 2 hh coloured stallion , Bazaars Texas , is a horse full of quality with exceptional temperament .His pedigree shows that he is out of Wardbrook by Commandeer and Sired in 1994 by Dallas Brightspark by Dallas . He has produced some lovely marked coloured foals putting his particular breed markings on each individual foal.
He has correct conformation with free loose movement. He really is an appealing horse and breeders find him so attractive and of a pleasant nature.
His TB Dam has produced several competition horses especially in the eventing world , whilst his sire was exceptional at Show Jumping.
Bazaars Texas is Reg Chaps and is , as at 2005, now standing at the Embla Stud in Staffordshire .
His progeny M. Finn who was born May 2003 has joined our Part Bred Trakehner Warmblood show jumping team of horses here at Greenacres Stud .


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Q: get the target path from a nethood link Let's say I have a nethood link to a folder with the name "BLABLA" and the target path is "\\servername\temp"
how do I get the string for the target path?
I tried:
Set oShell = CreateObject("WScript.Shell")
Const NET_HOOD = &H13&
Set oShApp = CreateObject("Shell.Application")
sNetHood = oShApp.NameSpace(NET_HOOD).Self.Path
Set oShortCut = oShell.CreateShortcut(sNetHood & "\" & "BLABLA" & ".lnk")

MsgBox "> " & oShortCut.TargetPath

It does everything, even creates a oShortCut object without any errors.
But, it does not return
oShortCut.TargetPath

what am I doing wrong?
I'd like it to return this: "\\servername\temp\BLABLA"
Thanks in advance for any advice!
I've created the shortcut under win 7 with right click in Computer view of the explorer and then > Add a network location > Next ... etc. It creates a Folder representing a shortcut in NetHood to the path on the server ... it's like a mapped share but not really it.

A: thx for the input ... after years of reading myself into the matter and then checking google once more i found a c# code which i wrote into vbs and then simplified only to see that all i had to change in the end was to add this:
.GetLink

so the solution to my problem is:
Const NET_HOOD = &H13&
Set oShell = CreateObject("Shell.Application")
Set oFolder = oShell.NameSpace(NET_HOOD)

For Each oFile In oFolder.Items
    MsgBox oFile.GetLink.Path
Next

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Notorious movement at the Pilar border post after the reopening of the passage to Argentina
With the authorization of the border crossing between the port of the city Pilar and Colonia Cano, Argentine Republic, a first day with a massive influx of people is recorded at the migration post in the capital of the department of Ñeembucú.
"The work, even though the process of letting people out is a bit slow, is developing normally," Carlos Antonio López, the head of migrations in Pilar, Mr. David Frutos, told Radio Nacional on Tuesday.
He mentioned that the documentation required to enter the Argentine Republic is the vaccination card, complete scheme, affidavit and international medical insurance against covid-19.
«We do a pre-filter here so that people do not go to immigration in Argentina and bounce or are expelled for not having those documents. If they have all the documentation, the pertinent exit is made from here. To enter Paraguay, only the vaccination booklet is required, a complete scheme », he explained.
Frutos indicated that people must make their exit, both Paraguayans and foreigners as well as the entrance. "Many people say I am Paraguayan, they still have to make the entrance. Everyone has to make their entrance and exit », he remarked.
On the other hand, he highlighted that on the first day more than 120 people had already made arrangements to travel to the Argentine Republic. He clarified that in the institution, as far as possible, they try to be guides to those interested in traveling to the neighboring country, in order to provide data that they need in relation to the affidavit.
Finally, Pilar's immigration chief recalled that the office is open continuously, from 6:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. "It is a busy day because we did not expect this number of people. Hopefully it will return to normality and that we all work," concluded David Frutos.
Diversion of funds in Vitacura: CDE takes action on the matter and decides to file a complaint against former mayor Raúl Torrealba
The State Defense Council (CDE) decided to file a complaint
Brent remains close to 85 dollars and WTI, at 80 dollars
oil prices, close to their highest level for three weeks,
The history of Abbey Road Studios in a new documentary
MIAMI, United States. – It's amazing how the stories about
Pedro Castillo LIVE: the president will fulfill the agenda of activities in Lima today, April 19
Secretary of State of the United States, Antony Blinken arrives today in Panama to talk about irregular migration
Latest from Paraguay
fait accompli
The way things are going and given the non-observance of ordinance 117 of 1999 of the
They will control smoke emission from cars via Chile and all used cars
In July of this year, the Social Welfare Institute (IPS) began planning the tender for the
ANR defines its budget today in extraordinary session
Deputy Pedro Alliana, outgoing president of the National Republican Association (ANR), convened for 10:00 in the
Abdo asks for tolerance from the European Union so that they continue contributing to education
Mario Abdo Benítez, President of the Republic, offered a greeting from the Diplomatic Corps and International

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Spread a positive vibe in your living space with these heavenly and divine idols. Elegantly shaped to capture the essence of spirituality, these idols are a good choice to have in any religious setting. From various sizes and designs to choose from, GURUBUSY brings spirituality home! A one stop-shop for home decor .


With unsurpassed odor control and tight clumping ability, this clumping cat litter is ideal for homes with one or two cats.
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small bag can last one cat for over four weeks!
Because World's Best Cat Litter™ is made from all-natural ingredients - with no added chemicals - it's totally safe for cats and the whole family. There are no toxins in case it is ingested. And when you compare cat litters, you'll find there's no silica dust for you or your cat to breathe.
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*The State of California encourages the disposal of cat feces in trash and discourages flushing cat feces in toilets or disposing of them in drains.


Being supported by an state-of-the-art and skilled IT team, we could supply technical support on pre-sales & after-sales service for Indiana Jones Wooden Cup , indiana jones wooden cup , japanese wooden cup , We believe that good business relationships will lead to mutual benefits and improvement for both parties. We have established long-term and successful cooperative relationships with many customers through their confidence in our customized services and integrity in doing business. We also enjoy a high reputation through our good performance. Better performance will be expected as our principle of integrity. Devotion and Steadiness will remain as ever.
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The following information was released from the Lake County Office of Emergency Management regarding the wildfire that occurred near Leadville on Thursday, May 24.
A wildfire was reported near High Mountain Institute (HMI) at approx. 3 p.m. on Thursday, May 24. Lake County Fire Rescue, Lake County Sheriff's Office and St. Vincent Ambulance Service were immediately paged out. Additional resources were requested and as of 5 p.m. US Forest Service and Chaffee & Summit fire crews responded along with 2 type 6 engines. The fire, originally thought to be up to 6 acres, is 1.3 acres.
Evacuated HMI students and staff will be housed off site until they can return to HMI. Several residents residing on Cty Rd. 5A were also evacuated and were later able to return to their homes. As of 6:30 Pp.m. Thursday evening, the fire was 90% contained.
Resources assisting with this fire are: Leadville/Lake County Fire Rescue, Lake County Sheriff Office Deputies, St. Vincent Ambulance Service, Lake County Public Works, Summit & Chaffee fire crews and US Forest Service.
High Mountain Institute At approximately 3pm this afternoon, we were made aware of a fire on the far western edge of the HMI campus. We thank the multiple local agencies that are currently responding to the situation. All HMI students and staff are uninjured and accounted for, have been evacuated to the town of Leadville, and are in good spirits. Thank you for your thoughts and support.
Lake County officials as well as representatives from the HMI school did a solid job in communicating with the community. Kudos for a job well-done! While it's good to know everyone is safe, this incident is s stark reminder about fire safety as Lake County heads into the busy Memorial Day weekend. Be vigilant and don't hesitate to call and report emergency situations immediately!


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Livestock Productions, a small events-organising firm, had the following to say about us: "They are always there when we need them", "They have no hidden charges" and "We always know what we are paying in advance".


text:
Ruggero Tommaseo Ponzetta ( Postira, Brač 18?? - Split, 18. rujna 1943.) bio je hrvatski novinar i pisac, političkim opredjeljenjem talijanski iredentist. Rođen je u Postirima, u uglednoj hrvatskoj plemićkoj obitelji Tommaseo s Brača, koja je dala brojne značajne ličnosti ( među njima su poznati hrvatski i talijanski pisac, jezikoslovac i političar Nikola Tommaseo, a po majčinoj strani i poznati hrvatski književnik Vladimir Nazor).

Prvi svjetski rat

Ruggero Tommaseo i njegov brat Antonio Ferruccio su sudjelovali u prvom svjetskom ratu u talijanskoj vojsci kao talijanski iredentistički dobrovoljci. Antonio Ferruccio je poginuo u ratu, a Ruggero je njemu posvetio svoju poznatu knjigu "L'ora di Nicolò Tommaseo"

Međuratno razdoblje

U vremenu između dva rata Ruggero Tommaseo je živio djelomično u Italiji, a ponekad je boravio i na rodnom Braču.

L'ora di Nicolò Tommaseo je zbirka djela Nikole Tommasea, posebice onih koji se bave Istrom i Dalmacijom. Višesveščano izdanje naručio je Benito Mussolini. Ruggero je prenio rođakove političke stavove, uključujući i one gdje je Nikola priznao da je Dalmacija slavenska zemlja. Nakon trećeg sveska prekinuto je objavljivanje, jer je povjesničar Raffaele Ciampini koji je bio zadužen za ovo izdanje, odbio u uređivanju izbaciti Nicolove proslavenske izjave.

Drugi svjetski rat

Ubrzo nakon napada na Kraljevinu Jugoslaviju, talijanska vojska okupira hrvatske otoke i primorje. Nakon uspostave autonomnog "Guvernatorata Dalmacije" u okupiranim i pripojenim hrvatskim krajevima, Ruggero Tommaseo podržava novi režim, i pokušava pridobiti za njega svoje sumještane osnivanjem fašističkih organizacija u Postirama. Kratko vrijeme u ljeto 1943. bio je i urednik novina "il Popolo di Spalato" što je bio i glavni razlog zbog kojega su ga partizanske vlasti dale ubiti nakon prvog oslobađanja Splita 18. rujna 1943. godine.

Nakon ulaska partizana u Split, 18. rujna uhićivalo se istaknutije fašiste, političke kompromitirane i politički nepodobne. 19. rujna 1943. oglasom je objavljeno da je ratni vojni sud zapovjedništva splitskog područja sudio 18. rujna skupini od 22 osobe, među kojima i Ruggeru Tommaseu, okvalificiranom kao "splitski fašist, propagator porobljivanja našeg naroda". U presudi je stajalo da je "Kroz više od dvije godine tuđinske okupacije pučanstvo Splita i okolice pretrpjelo je najteža poniženja i patnje od ovih i sličnih funkcionara okupatorskih vlasti i domaćih izroda – izdajica, koji su krivi za stotine i hiljade nevinih žrtava. Svojim držanjem i zločinačkom djelatnošću stavili su se u red ratnih zločinaca čije je kažnjavanje jedan od ciljeva rata prema izjavama vlada SSSR-a, Velike Britanije i Sjedinjenih Američkih Država. Pošto je krivica istih nesumnjivo dokazana, to je Ratni vojni sud sve okrivljene kao ratne zločince osudio na kaznu smrti strijeljanjem. Presuda je izvršena." Osuđenici su strijeljani na Lovrincu.

Spašavanje Postira od spaljivanja

Nakon pada Mussolinija krajem srpnja 1943. partizani napadaju talijansko uporište u Bolu na Braču. Zbog toga novi talijanski režim donosi odluku o slanju kaznene ekspedicije na otok. Podmetnuli su požare s namjerom spaljivanja cijelih mjesta (9. kolovoza 1943. Selca, Pučišća, ... ) pri čemu su izgorjele brojne zgrade i kuće. Selca su gorila tri dana i tri noći. Slična je nesreća skoro pogodila i Postira, ali je Ruggero Tommaseo nakon što je doznao što se događa, intervenirao kod vojnih vlasti, pa je kaznena ekspedicija opozvana, a Postira nisu izgorjela, kao ni druga mjesta na zapadnom dijelu otoka.

Djela
 Il fonte battesimale dei Re di Serbia
 L'ora di Niccolò Tommaseo (1933.)

Izvori

Talijani u Hrvatskoj
Životopisi, Postira
Talijanski iredentisti

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Political candidate's signs defaced with swastikas
HOUSTON (KTRK) -- A candidate for city council said about 30 of his campaign signs have been defaced with spray paint and swastikas along Bellaire Blvd. in southwest Houston.
Richard Nguyen is running for re-election. He and his staff said nearly all of their signs along Bellaire Blvd. have either been cut or spray-painted.
"I saw that my signs were cut up, spray painted over with symbols of swastikas," Nguyen said, "It's sad. It's sad to see things like this."
Nguyen called police Wednesday to report the crime. He and his campaign staff members removed as many defaced signs as they could and replaced them with new ones.
"I'm just sad since district F is the most diverse district in our city that we should find this kind of vandalism," Nguyen said, "It symbolizes hate in this district and we shouldn't tolerate this."
He said he does not know who could have done this.
"I'm not going to point any fingers," Nguyen said. "I'm not going to point any blame."
He is hoping whoever is responsible will be held accountable.
houstonswastikacampaignhouston politics
Biden secretly visited wounded HPD officer after 2019 debate
Legal experts weigh-in on Biden's immigration proposal


text:
Is gynaecological surgical training a cause for concern? A questionnaire survey of trainees and trainers
Esther L Moss1,
Foteini E Bredaki1,
Peter W Jones2,
James Hollingworth3,
David M Luesley1 &
Kiong K Chan1
Astract
Concerns have been raised as to whether the current postgraduate training programme for gynaecological surgery is being detrimentally affected by changes in working practices, in particular the European Working Time Directive (EWTD). The purpose of this study was to investigate the surgical activity of obstetrics and gynaecology trainees and to explore trainees' and trainers' opinions on the current barriers and potential solutions to surgical training.
Two questionnaire surveys were conducted, one to obstetrics and gynaecology trainees working within the West Midlands Deanery and a second to consultant gynaecologists in the West Midlands region.
One hundred and four trainees (64.3%) and 66 consultant gynaecologists (55.0%) responded. Sixty-six trainees (66.7%) reported attending up to one operating list per week. However, 28.1% reported attending up to one list every two weeks or less and 5 trainees stated that they had not attended a list at all over the preceding 8 weeks. Trainees working in a unit with less than 3999 deliveries attended significantly more theatre sessions compared to trainees in units with over 4000 deliveries (p = 0.007), as did senior trainees (p = 0.032) and trainees attached to consultants performing major gynaecological surgery (p = 0.022). In the previous 8 weeks, only 6 trainees reported performing a total abdominal hysterectomy independently, all were senior trainees (ST6 and above). In the trainers' survey, only two respondents (3.0%) agreed that the current program produces doctors competent in general gynaecological surgery by the end of training, compared to 48 (73.8%) respondents who disagreed.
Trainees' concerns over a lack of surgical training appear to be justified. The main barriers to training are perceived to be a lack of team structure and a lack of theatre time.
The challenge of acquiring sufficient surgical skills in a reduced training time in order to function safely at consultant level is not a problem confined to gynaecology and applies to all specialties where trainees need to acquire practical skills[1–4]. The traditional view of obstetrics and gynaecology as one specialty appears increasingly problematic due to subspecialisation, along with a shortened training program and the implementation of the European Working Time Directive (EWTD). A need to provide general exposure to the specialty has raised concerns that gynaecological surgical training in particular is being detrimentally affected. The specific causes of reduced training opportunities and their potential solutions are the source of much dissatisfaction amongst both trainees and trainers[5], exacerbated by the inevitable uncertainties surrounding workforce planning.
The aim of this study was to determine the current viewpoint of gynaecological surgical training in the West Midlands (WM) from the perspective of both trainees and trainers (consultants).
An internet-based questionnaire using the survey tool 'Surveymonkey' was designed to investigate the surgical activity and self reported confidence of obstetrics and gynaecology trainees. The UK postgraduate specialty training (ST) programme is divided into basic training (ST1 and ST2), intermediate training (ST3, ST4 and ST5) and advanced training (ST6 and ST7), with the ST number usually reflecting the number of years a trainee has spent in the specialty. The survey contained questions exploring trainee's opinions on current barriers and potential solutions to surgical training (Additional file 1). The questionnaires had not been previously validated but were piloted by the WM Trainees' Committee and five consultant gynaecologists. The questionnaire to the trainees was distributed to all the trainees on the WM Deanery's email list, three reminder emails were sent and the survey link was kept open for 4 weeks. At the time of the survey there were 183 trainees in the WM region, of whom 16 were on maternity leave and 12 on out of programme training (OOPT). Trainees on maternity leave or on OOPT were excluded from the study, except for the trainees in subspecialty training posts. This gave a potential survey population of 157.
A second questionnaire investigating the views of consultant gynaecologists on current surgical training was designed, piloted and distributed in a similar manner (Additional file 2). A list of consultants working as gynaecologists in the WM was obtained by contacting the individual hospitals directly and an email containing a link to the survey sent to the consultants' hospital email address. One reminder email was sent after 3 weeks and the link kept open for 6 weeks.
Trainees were asked how many days leave (annual/study/sick) they had taken over the past 8 weeks. Assuming a 5 day week, the number of days the trainee had worked over the previous 8 weeks was totaled and the number of theatre sessions attended per week calculated. Ordered logistic regression models were fitted using the Intercooled Stata 9.2 (Stata Corp LP, College Station TX, 2007) program in order to determine an association between the number of operating lists attended and the predictors: the size of the unit (<3999, 4000-5999, >6000 deliveries), seniority (ST1-2, ST3-5, ST6+) and the specialty of the trainees' supervising consultant (obstetrics only/minor gynaecological surgery, major gynaecological surgery). A stepdown procedure was carried out to find the best subset of predictors. For the purposes of analysis and comparison with previous work, the operation of total abdominal hysterectomy with or without ovarian conservation (TAH) was used as an example of a general operation in gynaecology because this requires a range of surgical skills, is undertaken by all units and is an essential requirement of the core log-book.
One hundred and four trainees responded to the questionnaire, three were excluded due to maternity leave or currently being in a research post, giving a response rate of 64.3% (Table 1). Sixty-six out of the 120 consultants who were successfully emailed responded to the questionnaire, giving a response rate of 55.0% (Table 2).
Table 1 Characteristics of the trainees responding to the questionnaire, n = 101
Table 2 Characteristics of the consultant gynaecologists responding to the questionnaire, n = 66
Concern was expressed by both the trainees and trainers over the current gynaecological surgical training. Only a minority of trainees reported that they thought they were getting enough surgical experience (18.8%) or teaching (20.8%). In the consultants' survey, only two respondents (3.0%) agreed that the current program produces doctors competent in general gynaecological surgery by the end of training, compared to 48 (73.8%) respondents who disagreed. There was also a lack of confidence in the methods used for assessment with only 15.1% of consultants agreeing with the statement 'OSATS (objective structured assessment of technical skill) are a genuine measure of competence'.
Sixty-seven percent of trainees reported attending up to one or more operating list per week, however, 28.1% reported attending up to one list every two weeks or less and five stated that they had not attended a list at all over the preceding 8 weeks (Figure 1). Multivariate analysis of the number of sessions attended revealed that trainees working in a unit with less than 3999 deliveries attended significantly more theatre sessions compared to trainees in units with 4000-5999 and over 6000 deliveries, odds ratio (OR) 2.99 p = 0.007 (95% CI 1.34-6.67). Senior trainees (ST6+) attended more sessions OR 2.84 p = 0.032 (95% CI 1.09-7.38), as did trainees who were attached to consultants who performed major gynaecological surgery, OR 3.61 p = 0.022 (95% CI 1.21-10.79). When the number of operating lists including major procedures was examined, trainees attached to a consultant performing major surgery attended significantly more lists compared to trainees attached to obstetricians or those only performing minor procedures, OR 3.92 p = 0.017 (95% CI 1.28-12.06). Trainees based in a hospital delivering 4000-5999 per year attended significantly less major lists compared to the size other units, OR 0.33 p = 0.006 (95% CI 0.15-0.72). Whether the trainee had obtained the MRCOG has no significant effect for either dependent variable.
Reported theatre attendance by trainees over the previous eight weeks, n = 101.
In the previous 8 weeks, only 6 trainees reported performing a TAH independently, all were ST6 and above. Twenty-one (43.8%) ST3-5s and 14 (63.6%) ST6+s reported being the primary surgeon for at least one TAH during that time period. When the trainees were asked which procedures they felt confident to perform independently only 12.1% of ST3-5s and 84.2% of ST6+s reported being confident to perform a TAH (Table 3).
Table 3 Trainees' surgical confidence
Consultants reported a median of two different trainees attending their major lists over the preceding 4 weeks, with a range from no trainees (five responses) up to 8 different trainees. Six consultants (9.1%) reported always having more than one trainee in theatre at a time, 17 (25.8%) answered regularly and 35 (53.0%) rarely. Having more than one trainee in theatre at a time was not associated with the number of deliveries at the unit (p = 0.86).
The views of the trainees and trainers on the potential barriers to surgical training were similar, with both groups identifying a lack of continuity between consultant/trainee and a lack of theatre time as being major factors. Trainees also indicated that staff shortages preventing them from attending theatre were also a major problem (Table 4 and 5). Of the free comments entered by the consultants 48.6% indicated that EWTD/48 hour working week was a particular barrier to training. This reason was also mentioned by trainees but their responses also highlighted rota inequalities and the prioritisation of obstetric cover over gynaecological surgery as significant problems.
Table 4 Trainees' opinions of potential barriers to gynaecological surgical training
Table 5 Consultant gynaecologists' opinions on potential barriers to surgical training
When eliciting views on the potential solutions to the current training problems the trainees and consultants again had similar views, with the importance of attachment to a surgical trainer and the introduction of designated training lists both gaining high scores (Table 6). Both groups also understood the need for gaining skills outside the operating theatre agreeing that there should be increased use of models and laparoscopic trainers. Over half of trainees, 53.2%, reported that they were prepared to attend lists in their own time as a way of gaining more training. Finally, consultants were asked whether they thought that surgical aptitude testing should be introduced to select trainees for surgical training and the majority agreed (60.6%) with only 13.6% disagreeing.
Table 6 Trainees' and consultant gynaecologists' (trainers) opinions on potential solutions to the problems associated with gynaecological surgical training
The aim of this study was to obtain a balanced view of current gynaecological surgical training in the West Midlands and the response rate for a questionnaire-based survey is good. There is always the possibility of responder bias in studies of this type, however, responses were received from two thirds of trainees and over a half of consultants and therefore the results can be taken as the views of the majority.
The study attempted to objectively measure trainees' attendance in theatre and the number of procedures being performed. The results showed that although 66.7% of trainees were attending up to one operating list per week, when attendance at lists containing only minor procedures was excluded this percentage fell to 43.8%. Of particular concern was the fact that 28.3% of trainees reported attending a list with a major procedure once a month or less. Attendance in gynaecological theatre is a core component of clinical training, however unlike obstetric skills, training opportunities are predominantly limited to daytime hours. The introduction of the EWTD has changed trainees' working patterns resulting in a substantial reduction in daytime working and consequentially a reduction in theatre attendance. Staff shortages can compound this reduction with trainees being removed from theatre to cover essential services, in particular the labour ward, as was highlighted in the trainees' responses. This reduction in training opportunities has been shown across many specialties[6–8] and appears to be particularly apparent in specialties with high levels of service commitment[9]. While the reduction in trainee attendance in theatre can be explained by the current working environment this does not help in finding a solution and expecting trainees to learn surgical skills with such erratic and infrequent attendance may be unrealistic.
The number of operating sessions that the trainees reported attending was significantly associated with the size of the unit, with trainees based in hospitals with less than 3999 deliveries per year able to attend theatre more regularly. Possible reasons for this may again be due to staffing issues, which may be more pronounced in larger units where greater junior cover for service is required. Also interesting to note is that trainees who are attached to consultants who did not perform major gynaecological procedures were significantly less likely to attend theatre or lists containing major cases. A consultant body with diverse expertise can allow trainees to gain specialist knowledge and training but it may not be optimal for core training. The attachment to a surgical trainer may be a potential solution for training and was popular with both trainees and trainers. Previous reports[9] have suggested that not all consultants should be obliged to teach, instead selecting for aptitude and skills, since as highlighted in this study not all consultants are confident or inclined to teach. It is also recognised that there should be support for those who do undertake such a role[9] since it is accepted that training requires time and trainees will be slower than consultants at performing procedures[10] and this is difficult to reconcile with the current pressures on waiting times and theatre utilisation. The introduction of training lists has previously been proposed as a solution and this measure gained overwhelming support by all the respondents, however, the practicalities of arranging such lists, selecting suitable patients and determining who is going to bear the financial cost is something that may prove impossible to resolve[10].
The study showed that when trainees did attend theatre the number of major procedures performed was low and very few trainees have opportunities to operate independently. This can have an impact on the transition from junior to consultant and strengthens the argument for the development of the junior consultant grade or post-CCT fellowship posts[11]. A lack of surgical confidence was highlighted in our results with only 86.4% of ST6+ trainees happy to perform a TAH independently as compared to in a study in 2002[12] where the level was 99% in a similar senior population. The percentage fall may appear to be small but the difference is significant, Yates corrected Chi squared p = 0.008. When we consider that the trainees have less than 2 years to completing their training it does raise concerns as to whether they will be able to improve their skills in the remaining training time in order to function safely at consultant level. Another marker of surgical confidence was that not all senior trainees were confident to performed a laparoscopic salpingectomy for an ectopic pregnancy independently despite the RCOG guidelines stating that the laparoscopic approach is the preferred surgical route[13]. Also of concern is the low level of surgical confidence reported for the vaginal hysterectomy. Although not performed as frequently as the TAH, specific skills are required for vaginal surgery and in acknowledgement of this the RCOG has developed an advanced training skills module (ATSM) focused on benign vaginal surgery. It is difficult to determine whether the reasons for the low level of confidence in performing a vaginal hysterectomy are the same as for the TAH, however, it is probable that reduced exposure to the procedure due to consultant subspecialisation is a factor. A low level of surgical confidence is likely to be carried through to consultant level and may explain the result in Table 4 where a third of trainees reported that they felt that consultants were not surgically confident to teach, therefore perpetuating the cycle of poor training.
Reasons for not operating independently will be multi-factorial and include clinical governance issues and not being confident in or familiar with the trainees' surgical skills. Another major reason may be the dramatic decrease in the volume of routine gynaecological surgery over the past few decades, due to the introduction of less morbid alternatives, resulting in many of the patients who do require surgery having complex pathology which may not be suitable for a trainee to perform independently. Such cases may still provide many learning opportunities even if the trainee is not the primary surgeon.
Both trainees and trainers recognised the importance of gaining experience outside the operating theatre by improving technical skills using laparoscopic trainers and models. Much work has been invested into devising programmes, including postgraduate degrees, utilising such equipment[14] and the results have shown that the skills acquired through simulation training are transferable to the operating theatre[15, 16]. Structured training for specific procedures using simulation equipment does shorten the learning curve for laparoscopic procedures on real patients[17, 18], however, the availability of virtual reality training equipment will be limited in many units and therefore it is difficult to know how a teaching programme with simulation as its foundation will be possible for the majority of trainees in regions such as the West Midlands.
Concern was raised by trainers of the ability of the OSATS to function as an assessment tool in the everyday clinical practice as they do in examination circumstances[19]. The pressure on time in everyday clinical practice may affect the ability of trainers to thoroughly assess and feedback on a trainee's performance therefore reducing the OSAT to a paper exercise. This view by trainers may be a reflection of unhappiness with a lack of continuity in training and may support the view that a more comprehensive training/assessment programme is needed through attachment to a surgical trainer[20] or a well organised, well supervised, supportive educational environment[21].
With increased subspecialisation not all consultants perform major surgery, therefore when considering workforce planning not all juniors will require training in major surgery. Selection of trainees may involve an element of self-selection, as shown in our study with a quarter of trainees indicating that they intended their future consultant post to contain only obstetrics or minor gynaecological surgery. This study also showed support for the objective selection of surgical candidates with aptitude testing, although this may be already in place for senior trainees with competitive selection for surgical ATSMs.
Trainees' concerns over a lack of surgical training appear to be justified with the majority of trainees reporting low levels of surgical activity. The main barriers to training are perceived to be a lack of team structure and a lack of theatre time. Although many of the problems can be traced back to the changes in working practice associated with the introduction of the EWTD some are related to the changing landscape of gynaecological surgery itself.
Ghosh S, Ahmed-Little Y, Lesser T: The implications of the European Working Time Directive in the medium and smaller sized craft specialties. Clin Otolaryngol. 2009, 34 (4): 413-417. 10.1111/j.1749-4486.2009.01979.x.
Bowhay AR: An investigation into how the European Working Time Directive has affected anaesthetic training. BMC Med Educ. 2008, 8: 41-10.1186/1472-6920-8-41.
Searle RD, Lyons G: Vanishing experience in training for obstetric general anaesthesia: an observational study. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2008, 17 (3): 233-237. 10.1016/j.ijoa.2008.01.007.
Brennan PA, McCaul JA: The future of academic surgery--a consensus conference held at the Royal College of Surgeons of England, 2 September 2005. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2007, 45 (6): 488-489. 10.1016/j.bjoms.2006.04.004.
Morris-Stiff GJ, Sarasin S, Edwards P, Lewis WG, Lewis MH: The European Working Time Directive: One for all and all for one?. Surgery. 2005, 137 (3): 293-297. 10.1016/j.surg.2004.11.002.
Marron CD, Byrnes CK, SJ K: An EWTD-compliant shift rota decreases training opportunities. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2005, 87 (Suppl): 246-248.
Gurjar S, McIrvine A: Working time changes: a raw deal for emergency operative training. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2005, 87 (Suppl): 140-141.
Morris-Stiff G, Ball E, Torkington J, Foster ME, Lewis MH, Havard TJ: Registrar operating experience over a 15-year period: more, less or more or less the same?. Surgeon. 2004, 2 (3): 161-164. 10.1016/S1479-666X(04)80078-7.
Chikwe J, de Souza AC, Pepper JR: No time to train the surgeons. BMJ. 2004, 328 (7437): 418-419. 10.1136/bmj.328.7437.418.
Crofts TJ, Griffiths JM, Sharma S, Wygrala J, Aitken RJ: Surgical training: an objective assessment of recent changes for a single health board. BMJ. 1997, 314 (7084): 891-895.
Wood L: A subconsultant grade. BMJ Careers. 2008
Ghaem-Maghami S, Brockbank E, Bridges J: Survey of surgical experience during training in obstetrics and gynaecology in the UK. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2006, 26 (4): 297-301. 10.1080/01443610600594740.
RCOG: The management of tubal pregancy. Green top guidleines. 2004, London: Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
Papaspyros SC, Javangula KC, O'Regan DJ: Surgical training in the 48-h week: a novel simulation and educational tool. From amateur golfer to professional pilot. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2009, 36 (3): 511-515. 10.1016/j.ejcts.2009.02.052.
Sturm LP, Windsor JA, Cosman PH, Cregan P, Hewett PJ, Maddern GJ: A systematic review of skills transfer after surgical simulation training. Ann Surg. 2008, 248 (2): 166-179. 10.1097/SLA.0b013e318176bf24.
Seymour NE, Gallagher AG, Roman SA, O'Brien MK, Bansal VK, Andersen DK, Satava RM: Virtual reality training improves operating room performance: results of a randomized, double-blinded study. Ann Surg. 2002, 236 (4): 458-463. 10.1097/00000658-200210000-00008. discussion 463-454
Aggarwal R, Crochet P, Dias A, Misra A, Ziprin P, Darzi A: Development of a virtual reality training curriculum for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Br J Surg. 2009, 96 (9): 1086-1093. 10.1002/bjs.6679.
Aggarwal R, Ward J, Balasundaram I, Sains P, Athanasiou T, Darzi A: Proving the effectiveness of virtual reality simulation for training in laparoscopic surgery. Ann Surg. 2007, 246 (5): 771-779. 10.1097/SLA.0b013e3180f61b09.
Goff BA, Nielsen PE, Lentz GM, Chow GE, Chalmers RW, Fenner D, Mandel LS: Surgical skills assessment: a blinded examination of obstetrics and gynecology residents. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2002, 186 (4): 613-617. 10.1067/mob.2002.122145.
Mukhopadhyay S, China S: Teaching and learning in the operating theatre: a framework for trainers and advanced trainees in obstetrics and gynaecology. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2010, 30 (3): 238-240. 10.3109/01443610903585242.
Paice E: Is the new deal compatible with good training? A survey of senior house officers. Hosp Med. 1998, 59 (1): 72-74.
To the trainees and gynaecological consultants in the West Midlands region who took time to complete the questionnaire. Mr R Cartmill and the West Midlands Deanery for their support of this study. No funding was obtained for this study.
Local Research and Development review confirmed that ethical approval was not required for this study.
Pan Birmingham Gynaecological Cancer Centre, West Midlands, UK
Esther L Moss
, Foteini E Bredaki
, David M Luesley
& Kiong K Chan
Instutute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK
Peter W Jones
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queens Hospital, Burton on Trent, UK
James Hollingworth
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Correspondence to Kiong K Chan.
KKC and DL conceived the idea for the study. EM, FB, KKC, DL and JH designed the questionnaires. EM and PJ analysed the data. The manuscript was written by EM, FB and JH and all the authors approved the final version.
Additional file 1: Questionnaire to trainees. The questionnaire (in a tabulated format) distributed to obstetrics and gynaecology trainees working in the West Midlands region. Responses: # Planning/Started/Completed. † Independently/Primary surgeon/Assistant/Taught. § Now/By ST7/As a consultant/Never. * Yes definitely/Yes/Unsure/No/Definitely not. ø Very important/important/neither important or unimportant/not very important/not at all important (DOC 48 KB)
Additional file 2: Questionnaire to trainers. The questionnaire (in a tabulated format) distributed to consultants in obstetrics and gynaecology working in the West Midlands region. Responses: # Primary trainer/Secondary trainer/Considering/No. * Yes definitely/Yes/Unsure/No/Definitely not (DOC 44 KB)
Moss, E.L., Bredaki, F.E., Jones, P.W. et al. Is gynaecological surgical training a cause for concern? A questionnaire survey of trainees and trainers. BMC Med Educ 11, 32 (2011) doi:10.1186/1472-6920-11-32
Operating List
European Working Time Directive
Senior Trainee
Training List


Located in Aonang Beach Chic N Chill Bed and Breakfast offers comfortable air-conditioned rooms decorated in soft tones with free WiFi. It is 1.4 km from Nopparat Thara Beach and only 2 km from Ao Nang Krabi Boxing Stadium. All rooms come with a flat-screen TV with satellite channels a refrigerator and a balcony with city views. For extra convenience a safety deposit box is also available. Shower facilities are included in the private bathroom. The guest house is just a short drive from many local restaurants serving fresh seafood and international dishes. Krabi pier - Klong Jirad and Krabi Airport are located 19.4 km and 25.6 km away.


Deriving from an ancient Japanese legend, making a strand of one thousand origami cranes has become symbolic of an international movement for peace, happiness and health. This summer, we are launching The Thousand Cranes of Hudson Square, a team-building/public art project in which our community will create one thousand origami cranes that will adorn the fence surrounding one of our popular seasonal plazas – Freeman Plaza West (Hudson Street between Watts + Broome Streets) and send wishes to the world.
The Thousand Cranes of Hudson Square is a fun and easy team building opportunity for your full time staff and summer interns. Teams of all sizes can participate in as little as 30 minutes and help us transform a humdrum view of traffic into a beautiful piece of art and a symbol of hope.
For instructions on how to create an origami paper crane, please view a tutorial on Youtube here, or HSC can provide a person on site during your session to demonstrate and assist.
A Wish for the World: A Thousand Cranes by the Hudson Square Community will run from July onwards.


I'm not usually a fan of Harley's for one reason or another, well, not all of them at any rate.
Still, what Goldammer have created here with half a Harley engine, sweat blood and tears is pure beauty, make no doubt about it.
Goldmember (the bikes name) has some performance to back those looks up too! 263.9KM/H (164MPH) at Bonneville in 2008.
Found this bike via Pipeburn, seems the bike features on the cover of the Motorcycle Dream Garages book.
There's not much more to say than this is a great video about an interesting bloke with an extremely interesting bike and the story behind it.
Well worth checking this one out, very inspirational!
I'm not the worlds greatest mechanic, in fact I'm about as far from it as one could get.
As such I'm constantly on the hunt for information to answer my every stupid question and I stumbled upon some interesting lists that have been published on various forums, I've backtracked the creation of said content to a forum that now appears to be defunct.
It doesn't look like anyone is attempting to update this content either.
I've cleaned up the formatting, I'm adding more data and most importantly of all (in my opinion at least) I'm doing my best to make it readable – instead of a wall of text.
If you have any lists that you think would be of benefit to add to this data archive, please let me know. Additionally if you have any data updates or corrections for the lists that are up, please don't hesitate to post a comment.
Please note: the two lists that are currently live are still undergoing some reformatting – I should be finished with all of them in a couple more nights.
These lists would all benefit from a database, some sorting and searching options but that will have to wait until I have more free time.
In the meantime, have at it.
There's a veritable tonne of lug converters for cars and trucks but there's practically none for Motor bikes and for good reason.
Motorbikes tend to have a very limited amount of room in between swing arms and forks, in fact, there's basically no room at all to insert a spacer/converter.
This of course isn't the case when it comes to converting a bikes front end from one set of forks to a completely different set, if you change your triple set that is, as it is ultimately the triples that determines the width between your forks.
As part of my restoration (modification) RD350 project I decided to update the front forks with some that I've had for my FZ6 project, a set of 2008 R6 USD forks.
If I wanted to just bolt an R6 front end on, it wouldn't be too difficult, steering stem on the frame might need some attention and the frame might need some strengthening as the R6 forks wont flex like the old ones.
However I have plans to put on the RD400 Mag wheels on this conversion and wish to maintain the use of the R6 discs as well as the calipers… which means I've got to learn how to use some sort of CAD program, design up some lug converters that double as spacers, get them printed in plastic to check sizing, then get them machined and put to use.
A friend who uses 3d printers and the like pointed me at Autodesk 123D and I've just had my first attempt at using it.
After a few hours playing around I have come up with the following caliper/spacer – it's not complete yet but it gives you a good idea none-the-less.
It's a fairly basic spacer/adapter at this stage and it basically allows me to bolt an R6 disc on the outer 6 holes and then bolt the converter itself to the wheel via the inner 6 holes.
It will be 8mm thick in the center – the same thickness as the RD disc and thicker on the outer edges to put the disc where it needs to be.
There's sadly a lack of tutorials for 123d that I could find but I worked out most of what I wanted eventually.
I picked up a pair of levers for my FZ6N a few months back, a pair of CNC'd aluminium levers which I believe are a knock off of some Pazzo levers. They cost me a grand total of 30-35USD delivered. They were a huge improvement from stock levers – unbelievable improvement.
I got a pair of shorty ones – in the 6 months or so I've been using them, I've had zero complaints. I've seen a lot of forum posts about people "not willing to risk it" – not really sure what the risk is myself. They're CNC aluminium levers with no brand name costs associated. God knows they're probably manufactured in the same factory as the real deal.
Even if they aren't, they seem to be built solidly enough, it's not as tho they're plastic or something absurd.
I decided to purchase the same things for my RD since they've been so decent… found what appears to be the same/similar knock off, for a lot more but also included a master cylinder and the associated bits that bolt everything to your bars and give you somewhere to perch your mirrors for a little over $110USD. Not too shabby.
I just happened to have a Rizoma master Cylinder I was going to use on the FZ6N but decided not to… as such it will now be servicing the front brake of the RD350.
If I had a chance to reconsider that expensive purchase, I'd consider dumping the Rizoma for a generic CNC'd aluminium master cylinder from someone like the2wheels… they look fairly similar for all intensive purposes and I'm sure they work just as well. In fact I might do just that for the rear brake, assuming I continue with my plan to remove the drum brake and go with a rear disc brake.
Do I feel bad not buying the real deal? I'm not sure I can afford to!
A good set of bars are a must for any bike and my current bars are in a terrible state, especially the levers and controls on them… it's also a great excuse to dump them and grab myself some clip-ons!
As such I've been hunting around for some good clip-ons and I think I've found a pair as good as they get – I'm yet to order them… but once I do, I'll let you know if they're the business.
Anyway the clip-ons I've found are made by Tarozzi and are available from Fast from the past – the specific ones I'm looking at are Low Rise (40mm in rise) for 34mm forks and go for $129 USD. Not a bad price for what look to be the best clip-ons … that I have found so far.
A Sydney-sider by the name of Laurence has had his beautifully done up cafe racer AG100/RX125 stolen from his home and is looking for help to locate his baby.
Not being in Sydney I cannot do much but pass the word along to you readers and maybe drool a little bit at the beauty of it. Makes my standard liveried RX125 just a little bit jealous!
For more information on the bike and how to identify it (including more photos of this beautiful bike) head on over to Sydney Cafe Racers.
Here's what my RX125 looks like so you know just how different Laurences bike is!
Wishing you all the best in your hunt mate!
MZ TS250/1 Supa 5 – Anyone know of anything similar running about in Australia?
LED lighting for 6V vehicles – hope this helps someone sort 6V LED gear out for their bikes.
Pigeon has graciously let me mirror the LED lighting information – you can find it in the restoration & creation tutorials menu up the top. I'd link you across to it but I'm still moving navigation about and things may move about in the next week or so as I settle on where I want things located.
Check out Pigeons site, has quite a bit of interesting things about the MZ's including a simple optical ignition trigger for 6 volt MZs – it may be simple but I wouldn't have known where to start with regards to something like that!
Thanks for letting us mirror your content Pigeon!
Now it is just a waiting game for the DNS to update and I'll be forging ahead once more.
Downtime… moving to a new host.
Just a quick update to rant about 2-3 weeks or so of near complete downtime on DreamHost.
My site/s were completely inaccesseble during this time, site came back up a week ago or so… but the install of WordPress wouldn't let me log in.
There were some serious issues – I have just patched it and got it fully functional again with the latest WP release.
I'm in the process of setting up in a cloud based environment so there should never be any more hardware related outages!
I'm still a few days away from transferring across… and regular updates will resume once this is complete.


text:
Cape of Good Hope Natural Reserve 3
The Cape of Good Hope Natural Reserve has the smallest floral kingdom of all occupying only 0.04% of the planet's mainland, nevertheless it contains a number of endemisms greater than that of the rest of the gigantic floral kingdoms. of the world.
Nature documentaries
Cape Natural reserve 3
The Cape Floral Kingdom is located at the southern tip of Africa.
Botanists divide the world into six floral kingdoms based on the vegetables species that grow in each one. Five of the six kingdoms occupy entire continents and their adjacent islands. The vegetation of Eurasia and North America, for example, make up a single kingdom which covers almost the entire northern hemisphere; another covers Australia; a third covers the land of south-eastern Asia and the next two are found in South America and the greatest part of Africa.
The Cape Floral Kingdom, also called the Regional Endemisms Centre or Fynbos, is the smallest one of all, occupying only 0.04% of the planet's land surface and yet it contains a greater number of endemisms than the rest of the gigantic floral kingdoms of the world. This floral kingdom borders the cold waters of the Atlantic to the west and the milder waters of the Indian Ocean to the east. The union of the two oceans and the advanced southern latitude result in a mild climate with an average temperature of almost 17 degrees Centigrade. The entire area is protected by a network of more than 20 preserves and national parks which are responsible for protecting a natural environment which is as much rich and endemic as it is unknown to most people.
The western coast of South Africa is bathed by currents from the Benguela which originates in the Antarctic Ocean. When it hits the Sub-Antarctic waters along its northerly course, it submerges beneath them until it has almost reached the continental mass of Africa where it is pushed upward, carrying with it a vast amount of nutrients.
The Cape of Good Hope marks the transition point for ships between the southern Atlantic Ocean and the Indian Ocean.
Although not the most southerly point on the continent, as it is often mistakenly considered, the Cape is a historic place. The first European to go around it by ship was the Portuguese Baltolomeu Días in 1487, marking the opening of the maritime route to the Orient. The poor weather conditions and the terrible danger of the ocean and its shallows for navigation led Días to baptise it the Cape of Storms, but King John II of Portugal, seeing the commercial importance of the new route which opened the way to the Indies, subsequently renamed it the Cape of Good Hope.
While the Cape in particular and the South African Coast in general are dangerous for navigation, for wildlife they are an authentic paradise.
The wealth of the union between the two oceans and the contribution of nutrients from the Benguela current produce an extraordinary biodiversity.
Here live sea bears, jackass penguins, sea birds, otters, the mountain zebra, baboons and chakmas or black papions and also endangered species such as the black-eyed parrot.
Despite the variety and importance of the different animal species which populate the entire region, in the Regional Endemisms Centre or Fynbos, plants are the real stars. While in the northern hemisphere, glaciations destroyed many vegetable species up to only 10,000 years ago, there have been no glaciations in this region in the last 115 million years. This climatic stability, together with the rough topology, have made possible the uninterrupted development and the exception richness of the vegetable life at Fynbos.
On 5 June 1998, World Environment Day, the idea proposed in 1929 by the South African Wildlife Society became a reality. President Nelson Mandela announced that the Cape peninsula would be converted into a national park. 30,000 hectares sheltering more than 2,285 plant species, 105 of which are endemic, and more animal endemisms than anywhere else, make this the most biologically diverse preserve in the world.
President Mandela called the new park South Africa's gift to the Earth, and noted that while in prison on nearby Robben Island, the view of Table Mountain included in the Cape area, was a beacon of hope for him.
The national park on the Cape peninsula now protects the heart of the smallest and richest floral kingdom on the planet. For hundreds of unique species, endemic to this remote corner of the world, it has become, as it was for President Mandela, a beacon of hope guaranteeing survival for future generations.
The Nazca Messages
Way of life of Tarahumara Tribe
The Oldest Desert in the World - Full Documentary
Mangrove Forest of cuba
A Trip to Ladakh


text:
12 health risks this Christmas and how to avoid them
Nyama choma (roast meat) is a delicacy on most Kenyans' menus during Christmas. Doctor advises against overindulging in nyama choma as the direct heat on animal fat triggers uric acid which causes gout, especially for people who take alcohol. PHOTO | FILE | NATION
While there's nothing wrong with making merry, it is important to go slow especially with deep fried foods.
Accidental poisoning, especially among children, is common during teh festive season and should be addressed as soon as possible.
Most road deaths are recorded in December, report shows.
By DAILY NATION
It's the time for seasonal comfort foods and to slaughter that goat or chicken to eat with a side of chapati. For most Kenyans, it's not Christmas unless there's nyama choma (roast meat). However, when you overindulge during the holidays, you not only gain weight, but you can also overtax your digestive system as well as lose sleep and develop heartburn.
Dr Gladys Mugambi a nutritionist at the Ministry of Health says while there's nothing wrong with making merry, it is important to go slow especially with deep fried foods. "It is unhealthy to overeat deep fried foods. It is also unhealthy to overindulge in nyama choma because that direct heat on animal fat triggers uric acid which causes gout, especially for people who take alcohol," she says.
SAFETY TIP: Exercise to burn the fat and keep healthy, advises Dr Mugambi, who says people also have to be mindful of liquid calories. "If possible, walk around or play with the children to burn the fat rather than indulging while staying put," she says.
2. Disease trends
It's the season for visitors and some will be travelling in from outside the country. A polio outbreak travel alert has been issued for 14 African countries.
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The US Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has said in the new alert published on December 11, "there are confirmed polio outbreaks in various countries primarily located in central and eastern Africa". The CDC and World Health Organization (WHO) recommend those who have visited the infected areas for more than four weeks to receive an additional dose of oral polio vaccine or inactivated polio vaccine within four weeks to 12 months of travel.
Also to be the on the lookout for is the seasonal flu, which is hardly unavoidable. Many have come down with it this year. There is likelihood of getting the flu especially in crowded places such as malls and churches.
SAFETY TIP: WHO says you do not have to go through fever, a dry cough, headache, muscle and joint pain, a sore throat and a runny nose if you take these simple measures:
Get vaccinated, especially for children aged between six months and five years, elderly people, those suffering from chronic medical conditions, and for health workers.
Wash your hands with soap and running water and avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth.
Avoid being around sick people and, if you don't feel well, stay at home.
3. Accidents at home
Christmas is an exciting and magical time of the year, but it can also be stressful and, in some cases, dangerous. It's important to be aware of the most common festive hazards to prevent accidents at home.
Everyday holiday activities occasionally result in lacerations, deep cuts, falls and accidental poisoning, says Dr Benjamin Wachira of Aga Khan Hospital's Accidents and Emergency unit.
He says accidental poisoning, especially among children, is common and that this is caused by drinking something they should not have. "We mostly treat accidental poisoning and injuries from falls at the emergency unit during this time," he says.
SAFETY TIP: Should you get into an accident at home, go to hospital as soon as possible to avoid worsening the situation. "People often come when it is a little late, so it's advisable that they keep emergency contacts close and come to hospitals as fast as possible," says Dr Wachira.
4. Alcohol
Just like kissing under the mistletoe during Christmas, imbibing alcohol to a number during the festive season is close to inevitable.
It is a season characterised by end-of-year parties, family lunches and meetups with friends. Bottles of beer and whiskey will be among other "social lubricants".
A study conducted and published in the Lancet journal looked at data on 28 million people worldwide and revealed that the dangers of drinking alcohol superseded any potential health benefits. The research outlined that the health risks start off small with one drink a day, but they "rise rapidly" as people drink more. Considering the risks, it concluded there is "no safe level of alcohol". "The claims that alcohol has some magical, protective fix has no particularly serious scientific basis," said Richard Peto of University of Oxford, one of the leading researchers.
According to World Health Organisation, excessive alcohol consumption leads to major diseases like neuropsychiatric disorders, gastrointestinal diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, fetal alcohol syndrome and preterm complications. In addition, excessive consumption of alcohol leads to intentional and unintentional injuries.
SAFETY TIP: You can plan for some alcohol-free days and substitute this with non-alcoholic beverages.
5. HIV/STIs
The mood is festive and feisty and one is most likely to let their guard down on matters protective sex, especially with all the partying the holidays come with.
A study conducted in the UK by an independent online health platform revealed that one out of 10 people contracted an STI from a colleague after sex during a Christmas party.
According to Dr Simon Kigondu, a gynaecologist, substance abuse, that is quite common during the festive season, also puts a majority at risk of contracting HIV and STIs that could lead to other health complications. "For instance, Human Papilloma Virus, which accounts for 90 per cent of all the cervical cancer cases reported," he said.
SAFETY TIP: Dr Kigondu advises on adherence to ABC: Abstinence, Be faithful and Correct consistent use of condoms.
6. Unwanted pregnancy
You are more likely to get an unplanned pregnancy during the holidays than any other time of the year. According to Dr Kigondu, a majority of people tend to be on break and spend more time with their partners.
An increase in the number of teenage pregnancies are also recorded during the festive season. Experts have attributed this spike to substance abuse among young people and societal pressures. "Young people are vulnerable and most of the time left alone without guidance from parents and guardians. Other than HIV and other STIs, the girls are at risk of unplanned teenage pregnancies," says Dr Kigondu. Unplanned pregnancy is a contributor to the infant mortality rate. With unplanned pregnancy, comes the risk of unsafe abortions.
SAFETY TIP: Use of contraceptives will protect you for the unplanned pregnancy. Parents and guardians are advised to keep adolescents close and offer life skills to the young ones.
7. Road accidents
Every December, the number of road accident deaths increases. In December 2018, there were 342 deaths, according to Kenya's National Transport and Safety Authority (NTSA). In December 2017, the number rose to 356.
Currently, this year's road crash fatalities in Kenya have exceeded those of 2018, according to NTSA. In its latest survey, it says by December 17, 3,396 people had lost their lives on the roads, an increase of 13.4 per cent compared to the number of people who had died by the same date in 2018.
NTSA blames the majority of the accidents on road user behaviour which contributes to 98 per cent of the causes.
These include speeding, drunk driving, fatigue and inexperience. Poor visibility especially at night and bad road conditions also aggravate the situation in December.
SAFETY TIP: NTSA cautioned against speeding, urged for alertness while on the wheel and avoiding cell phone distraction. Drivers should also familiarise themselves with the roads and black spot stretches, take rest on the journey, drive diligently, stay sober, report reckless driving and pedestrians should be careful. NTSA also asked drivers to be careful while driving on flooded or destroyed roads and to avoid dirt and debris on the roads.
8. Weather change
During Christmas and New Year, people move around to celebrate. But, the movement comes with its risks emanating from weather change.
Some of the people could be moving from hot/humid or warm weather conditions to cold places and vice versa. According to Dr Victor Kibe, a climate expert, any change of environment may affect the health of a person. An increase in temperature may lead to dehydration very fast and in extreme cases a person may experience kidney failure. Although not common, people could also suffer from heat stroke, he says.
During the changes, there are high incidents of airborne diseases because of poor aeration, and infections like cholera, diarrhoea and typhoid because of lack of access to clean drinking water and/or drinking stored water.
SAFETY TIP: For those who are travelling to Western, Nyanza and Coast and areas where there were floods, they should be on malaria prophylaxis to prevent getting the disease because these are malaria endemic zones, he advises.
For those travelling to Central (areas of Mt Kenya) and some parts of Rift Valley like Kericho, he says, they could contract asthma because of the cold conditions and, therefore, should carry antihistamine. Also, those travelling to rural areas could be exposed to pollen and could get "seasonal allergic rhinitis" or chest complications and should also carry antihistamine to take in case they are attacked.
9. Mental health
Christmas and New Year are characterised by binge drinking, which may also involve experimenting or continuous use of substances such as drugs. Drugs have been found to induce mental disorders.
A study in 2008 by University of Nairobi's Prof David Ndetei from the Africa Mental Health Foundation found that 34 per cent of patients in the hospital suffered from substance abuse disorder. The holiday season is also the time when those battling alcoholism relapse into addiction due to the temptation as they hang around people who are constantly drinking. It is also a time when people get together for celebrations and those who don't have families or money have a hard time.
This can heighten anxiety to clinical levels. December can be burdening: the dark cloud of children going to school in January which will require money, underemployment, loss of work and tough economic times among other factors.
SAFETY TIP: Get an accountability partner to keep you off drugs, avoid company that may influence substance abuse or alcoholism, seek professional help from a psychologist, counsellors or psychiatrists.
For financial concerns, budget and stick to it.
10. Fatigue
On her Facebook page, *Mary Nderitu cracks a joke about what the holidays mean for her as a teacher, a wife and a mother in a large family, where it is mandatory for people to get together at her father-in-law's home. She shares a caricature of an exhausted woman with dribble coming from her mouth along with an explanation that she and her two sisters-in-law will be expected to cater to the needs of their husbands, their children and all those invited to spend the holidays with them. In the evening, their husbands will be expected to drop every relative to their home.
These activities, as *Ms Nderitu narrates, contribute to fatigue.
SAFETY TIP: Politely turn down some invitations that would take a lot from you physically, emotionally and financially, create time for rest and don't feel guilty about it.
11. Sleep
The holidays are a great time for teenagers, who are on school break, to binge on TV shows and wear out their thumbs as they scroll on social media posts. Adults, on the other hand, are entertaining guests overnight, partying and club hopping. As fun as these activities sound, they can keep you from sleep.
While research in this area in Africa has been scarce, a 2012 WHO-backed study on eight African and Asian countries shows that many adults are not getting adequate sleep. In Kenya, 11 per cent of women and four per cent of men spend less than the required seven to eight hours of sleep. CDC has linked sleep deprivation to anxiety of clinical levels, hastening Alzheimer's disease and memory problems.
SAFETY TIP: Parents should chaperon technology use as the blue light from screens suppresses the production of sleep hormone, making it harder to fall asleep. People are advised to practise discipline and schedule time to sleep. Make bedrooms sleep-friendly: darker curtains and switch off the lights around the time one is about to sleep. Also, create time for sleep without feeling guilty.
12. Fear of missing out & social media pressure
Researchers are raising concerns on mental anxiety such as "fear of missing out", a pervasive apprehension that others might be having a rewarding experience from which the individual is absent.
In her book Alone Together: Why We Expect More from Technology and Less from Each Other, a professor says since many young people's relationship with social media is immature and still evolving, they are not able to rationalise that people censor what they post online and that the personas they see online are fake.
SAFETY TIP: Accept that most success online may be unreal. Accept and be content with your situation. Stay away from social media and try making offline connections with family and friends around you during the holidays.
This article was first published on Healthy Nation.


On Sunday we will attend church at Coloma Church. All members planning to attend will need to be at Coloma at 10:45. After church we will go bowling in Chillicothe. We will meet at the school as soon as church is over and take a bus to Chillicothe Fast Lanes.
Monday is Born in a Barn day. Members are asked to wear pajamas.
Tuesday is Hats, Boots, and Shorts day.
Wednesday is Career day, Drive Your Tractor, and Coveralls Day.
To drive a tractor you must be 16 or older.
Thursday is Blue and Gold day. We will also host our breakfast on that day.
Friday members will attend the Farm Show in Kansas City.


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The episode focuses specifically on navigating the stresses of work and love, why we get confused and overwhelmed at times by both and how we can find happiness in these two core areas of our lives. There are more parallels between them than you'd think! 🧐 And once you learn some simple tools for managing that negative inner voice and mastering manifestation, you're half way there.
You need a magic tool for overcoming adversity in life in general (it's much easier when you know how..) …and a whole lot more.
So put your feet up this weekend or relax on a commute into work next week and enjoy some top tips for uplevelling your life here.
Ps Stay tuned for my How to Manifest Love workshop coming to London Saturday 26 May. It's gonna be a game changer!


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Black Girl Interrupted
Wicket: A Parody Musical April 19, 2018 /0 Comments/by Jayme Alilaw
You ever worked at a job that you were overqualified for and your boss and the leadership seemed incompetent and inept and had the NERVE to be dismissive of your brilliance?
The role of the Ensign, I originated in "Wicket: A Parody Musical," is written as a cautionary tale of the effects of casual racism, lack of representation, and mansplaining in the workplace.
In the Star Wars world elaborated upon in this parody, The Ensign is a black female officer in the notoriously white and male Galactic Empire. She's a brilliant overachiever with a diabolical penchant for evil and a powerful voice that goes underutilized because of the package she presents it in. She is able to discern Palpatine's covert operations and recognize all of the blaring and seemingly obvious, at least to her, flaws in his ill-conceived plans. However, every question or suggestion or attempt to infuse common sense is met with dismissal or, even worse, outright interruption.
Literally, her attempt to sing her song is cut off 3 times by some garish man not talkin' about nothin'! When Palpatine's failures become glaringly apparent to the point of being faced with an outright Ewok rebellion, the Ensign will no longer be silenced and commences to read the Emperor and his lackeys for filfth in the aptly named Fuckin' Bullshit, an operatic aria, no less.
"You ain't shit, ya' boys ain't shit, I was too good for this damn job in the FIRST place, you silence me because I'm a black woman, but #TimesUp!"
Photo by Haylee Anne Kitties.
Of course, the narcissist in Palpatine won't have it and he strips The Ensign of her rank in a final attempt to exert his authority. By this point, The Ensign lets it be known that she is reclaiming her time and leaves Palpatine with a stern warning (and on some nights a good "I * PRO * MISE * YOU * BOO * BOO").
The thing with incompetence is, when it is no longer being enabled by the undergirding of true skill and capability, it can only do what it does, usher in its own destruction. Thus is Palpatine's lot when he fails to honor the signs and ultimately succumbs to The Ensign's lightsaber. It is only at this point, after assessing the Empire's wounded state and a need to regroup, she negotiates a truce with Princess Leia and her identity is revealed (((*spoiler alert* ))) as Snoke, later to become the Supreme Leader of the First Order.
You gotta wonder: What if Palpatine had listened to The Ensign? What if her brilliance and talents were embraced and utilized? What if The Ensign had flipped the fuck out the first time they came at her crazy? What if H&M had some black folks in on the decision-making process who could say "um, probably not smart to refer to a little brown boy as a monkey."
Don't be a Palpatine and miss your blessings! You better make an effort to be out here listening to people who are different from you because varying insights and perspectives could help you achieve your nefarious greatness and keep you from creating things that will turn round and bite you in the ass…or the balls.
https://wicketmusical.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/wicket-fbshared-01.jpg 1254 2400 Jayme Alilaw https://wicket.wpengine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/Wicket-Logo-w-Tagline-Black-500px-300x109.png Jayme Alilaw2018-04-19 09:00:102018-04-22 07:39:31Black Girl Interrupted
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Q: Python urlretrieve fails to download some images I'm having trouble with downloading certain images using urlretrieve.
I use this code snippet to download image:
urllib.request.urlretrieve('https://www.facebook.com/photo/download/?fbid=166644340383715','image_name.jpg')

Downloads successfully, just like as other images, but when I'm trying to open it, I got error: Unknown file format, empty/damaged file or file not found what does not happen when I try to download that exact image via browser just copypasting URL https://www.facebook.com/photo/download/?fbid=166644340383715 to address line and pressing enter. File size is also different: actual file is 14.6 KB large and file created with urlretrieve is 48 KB. I decided that this problem is related to small files only, but tried with another file <20 KB and it downloaded successfully.
I tried to use solution for similar problem from here, i. e. use code:
def download_image(url, filename, output_dir_name):
    if not os.path.exists(output_dir_name):
        os.makedirs(output_dir_name)
    conn = urllib.request.urlopen(url)
    output = open(os.path.join(output_dir_name, filename), 'wb')  # binary flag needed for Windows
    output.write(conn.read())
    output.close()

for images downloading, but result is the same (could not open resulting file). Any idea how to fix it?

A: Probably the image on the server side is broken. Or the server blocks your downloading. Either way it is hopeless for your to download this image.


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