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Boosting immune response against tumours
SCTODAY
Immunotherapy is gaining ground on 'classic' cancer therapies. While approaches are still limited, the team of Prof. Sophie Lucas has made a discovery, published in the journal PNAS, that could help strengthen immune responses against tumours and support development of a new cancer immunotherapy strategy.
So-called 'classic' cancer treatment therapies directly attack cancer cells with the aim of destroying them. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery have existed for a long time and often entail severe side effects because while they target proliferating cancer cells they also affect some normal cells. Cancer type determines the treatment or combination of treatments.
Over the past decade, an alternative has been in development: immunotherapy. Rather than attack tumours, it helps strengthen the immune system in order to counter cancer cells. It's a less invasive therapy that aims to boost immune system cells in order to incite the system to reject cancer. While the idea is promising, numerous factors come into play. Currently, immunotherapy is effective only among a minority of patients and in certain cases.
'The problem is that the tumour paralyses the immune system', says Sophie Lucas, a research group director at the de Duve Institute. 'When a patient can develop immune cells, such as T lymphocites, that recognise cancer cells, we know the cancer can be eliminated. But the cancer often advances anyway because the anti-tumour T lymphocytes are inhibited. Some very effective immune approaches already exist that allow for blocking the inhibiting receptors on the surface of anti-tumour T lymphocytes. This blockage allows the immune system to be reactivated. Our work aims to revive immune responses against the tumour. Our laboratory focuses on an immune system inhibition mechanism that current therapies don't target.' A recent discovery, published in the journal PNAS, could serve as a new approach to cancer immunotherapy.
Understanding how Tregs work
In concrete terms, at the de Duve Institute Prof. Lucas's team studies regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs) to understand how they suppress immune cells. In plain language, the immune system sometimes destroys healthy tissue. To avoid this, several control mechanisms exist, including Tregs, blood cells specialised in immunosuppression, which protects us against auto-immune diseases by preventing inappropriate immune responses.
Two types of Treg dysfunction exist. When their immunosuppressive functions are diminished, an auto-immune disease (such as type 1 diabetes or multiple sclerosis) can be triggered. Conversely, Tregs can work excessively and thus prove harmful by blocking immune responses that are not auto-immune and are even desirable. They thus contribute to the development of diseases, such as cancer, that could be controlled by efficient immune responses. Among cancer patients, they help tumours grow by suppressing immune responses against cancer cells – the Tregs are counterproductive.
This is what Prof. Lucas's team studies. She is trying to identify the mechanisms by which Tregs suppress immune responses. The long-term objective is to develop new therapeutic strategies that modify Treg activity in patients suffering from cancer or auto-immune diseases.
By carrying out this work, Prof. Lucas and her fellow researchers Amandine Collignon, Stéphanie Liénart and Julie Stockis made a discovery, published in the journal PNAS in November 2017. The article is based on the supposition that antibodies, specifically the anti-β8 antibodies that block the immunosuppressive function of Tregs, could revive anti-tumour immune responses.
Blocking Treg immunosuppression with antibodies
Working in the laboratory, the researchers first discovered that Tregs produce a cytokine called TGF-β. It's a molecule with very powerful immunosuppressive properties, which sends a suppression message and blocks other immune cells. Two years ago, their work made it possible to determine that this TGF-β was produced on the surface of Tregs from a protein called GARP.
'But GARP isn't enough', explains Prof. Sophie Lucas. 'We discovered that another protein was essential for the liberation of TGF-β by Tregs. This other protein is known by the name integrin αVβ8. Here in the laboratory, we were able to show that using anti-integrin monoclonal antibodies allows for blocking the production of TGF-β, and thus immunosuppression by Tregs. By preventing their immunosuppressive function, we could revive anti-tumour immune responses. This is very important: we remove a constraint on the immune system. This discovery could lead to the development of an additional weapon in the arsenal of immunotherapy methods, which is currently not very large.'
Possibility of a new therapeutic approach
It's essential to develop new approaches because immunotherapy works for only a minority of patients. Current available molecules act on only certain types of cancer, with no guarantee of results. 'We can combine this discovery, once it's developed, with other forms of immunotherapy, or even with chemo or radiotherapy, to improve the effectiveness or diminish toxicity', Prof. Lucas explains. 'Overall, we're making progress in the field: certain immunotherapies are covered by insurance as treatment. They're administered to patients who already tried traditional treatments. On the experimental level, the idea is to consider them as first-line therapies so they're administered sooner and combined with other forms of therapy. Many clinical trials are underway.'
At this stage, the latest laboratory discoveries are more experimental because they aim at new targets. Work on the GARP protein is at the stage of preclinical testing, on mice. 'We envision clinical treatments, but they won't be tested on humans for another year or two. For the last discovery, concerning integrin αVβ8, we don't have a plan yet. We're continuing to explore the biology of integrin and decrypt the molecular mechanism. We're at the proof of concept stage.'
This continuing research is financed by FNRS, WELBIO and the European Research Council, and conducted in collaboration with the University of California, San Francisco.
Anne-Catherine De Bast
A glance at Sophie Lucas'Bio
Sophie Lucas graduated from UCL in 1994 with a PhD in medicine, then earned a PhD in biomedical sciences in 2000 for her work in tumour immunology, carried out in the laboratory of Professor Thierry Boon at the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research. She then completed a two-year postdoctoral fellowship at the Genentech biotechnology company in San Francisco, where she studied new cytokines and their receptors in Frédéric de Sauvage's laboratory. In 2004, she founded her own research group at the de Duve Institute, on the campus of the Faculty of Medicine at UCL. A qualified researcher at the FNRS since 2008, she became a professor in Cancer Immunotherapy at UCL in October 2016. Her research focuses on the role of regulatory T lymphocytes in suppressing immune responses in humans, and more particularly in patients suffering from cancer.


The Netherlands, Canada, Finland and Japan rounded out the top five, and Rwanda scored highest among low-income countries in an index by the Economist Intelligence Unit and the Barilla Center for Food & Nutrition Foundation.
China, the United States and Britain failed to make the top 20 of 67 nations that were graded on food waste, sustainable agriculture, and health and nutrition.
Globally, a third of all food produced is wasted every year, which amounts to a loss of almost $1 trillion, according to the U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization.
Critics say this is not only unethical in a world where hunger levels are rising, but also environmentally destructive.
"France has been in the vanguard of policies and measures to reduce such losses," said Martin Koehring, the index's author.
The country introduced legislation in 2016 requiring supermarkets to redistribute leftover food to charities as part of a set of proposals published in 2015 against food waste.
The ministry expects that by 2025 most French farmers will sign on to the concept, which includes practices such as rotating crops to improve soil fertility and cutting reliance on chemical fertiliser, according to Koehring.
France is showing that "improvements in agricultural performance should not come at the expense of environmental and social conditions," he told the Thomson Reuters Foundation.
Rwanda, despite high levels of hunger, scored high due to healthier and sustainable agriculture practices.
China scored low as a result of high levels of greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture.
The United States scored poorly due to an overweight population with low physical activity and diets high in sugar, meat, saturated fat and sodium.
Britain had high greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture and it also scored poorly on water management, Koehring said.
France also topped the index last year.


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Q: Wrapper mappings in simple_form In the simple_form example repo on github, there is a block containing the wrapper information.
https://github.com/rafaelfranca/simple_form-bootstrap/blob/master/app/views/examples/_horizontal_form_sf.html.erb
It works fine, but seems to be a lot of extra setup to add for every form.
Is there some way to add name this information and add it as a parameter?
<%= simple_form_for @user_horizontal, url: create_horizontal_examples_url, as:     'user_horizontal', html: { class: 'form-horizontal' },
  wrapper: :horizontal_form,
  wrapper_mappings: {
    check_boxes: :horizontal_radio_and_checkboxes,
    radio_buttons: :horizontal_radio_and_checkboxes,
    file: :horizontal_file_input,
    boolean: :horizontal_boolean
  } do |f| %>
  <%= f.error_notification %>
  <%= f.input :email, placeholder: 'Email' %>

A: At a view helper, add:
def wrapped_form(resource, options = {}, &block)
  options[:html] = { class: 'form-horizontal'}
  options[:wrapper] = :horizontal_form
  options[:wrapper_mappings] = {
    check_boxes: :horizontal_radio_and_checkboxes,
    radio_buttons: :horizontal_radio_and_checkboxes,
    file: :horizontal_file_input,
    boolean: :horizontal_boolean
  }
  simple_form_for(resource, options, &block)
end

And then you can just use like this:
<%= wrapped_form @user_horizontal, url: create_horizontal_examples_url, as: 'user_horizontal' do |f| %>
  <%= f.error_notification %>
  <%= f.input :email, placeholder: 'Email' %>
<% end %>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Setting Sail and Breaking Free.
From the Arctic to the Black Sea.
A Voyage in a Lost Son's Wake.
Jim is young, ambitious and idealistic.
And the Further Adventures of Robinson Crusoe.
At war with the whalers.
Mit 16 die Welt erobert.
Nicolas Tomalin en Ron Hall.


text:
package org.openxava.test.tests;

import org.openxava.tests.*;

/**
 * @author Javier Paniza
 */

public class TotoTest extends ModuleTestBase {

	public TotoTest(String testName) {
		super(testName, "Toto");
	}

	public void testCollectionOfGenericType() throws Exception {
		assertNoErrors();
		execute("CRUD.new");
		assertNoErrors();
	}

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Tag: bmx world championship
BMX World Championship is soon going to be held in the capital city of Azerbaijan named Baku. In this world championship, bicycle racing are held. This year it is going to be conducted in the time period of 23rd May to 27th May. If you are a person who is crazy about watching bike racing to be held between different countries then our website is the right place where you must visit. BMX live tv will be conducted on our website thereby covering the live world championship program from top to bottom.
How and Where to Watch BMX World Championship 2018 Live?
Date: June 5th 2018 to June 9th 2018
Venue: Baku, Azerbaijan
Streaming Coverage: Get BMX Live Streaming Here
What is BMX World Championship?
It is a bike racing competition which is vigorously held under the governance of the Union Cyclist Internationale (UCI). UCI is the international regulating body for sports. The bike racing competition is actively held every year and the conquering hero of this event is honored with a BMX Cycling World Champion. The cycling festival is being held for three days. A colorful t-shirt and a gold medal are awarded to the winner. Contestants who are coming in second and third are awarded silver and bronze medals.
Which are the countries who participate in this cycle racing competition?
Around fifty-six countries are actively participating in BMX every year. The names include United States, France, United Kingdom, Brazil, Australia, Netherlands, Germany, Canada, New Zealand, Spain, Colombia, Russian Federation, Switzerland, Denmark, Belgium, Latvia, Japan, Norway, and the list continues. If you want your team whom you are supporting to win you must watch BMX live tv on our website.
How are the tracks designed for Baku BMX 2018?
Baku BMX Live lets you see the design of the tracks where the actual competition is going to take place. The competition starts with the two beginning hills. A competitor is bound to face a confronting line at an altitude of five meters. The pro line starts at eight meters. The total length of the track is 390 meters which cover both the beginning line and the end line. Whereas the width of the tracks are 10.5 meters. The breadth of the tracks actually begins to widen after the beginning of the hills and the challenge lines. The width nears to seven meters when it comes to the second and the third bend. The breadth of the finishing line is seven meters.
How is the visa issued for BMX World Championship 2018 to the competitors so soon?
BMX live also lets you know how the visas are issued to the competitors so early. It will cost a participant only three days to generate an e-visa in three business days. 20 USD+3 USD is required to be paid for each competitor. The payment is only complete after following three important procedures. This Visa is applicable only for a period of thirty days.
The weather of the country can be observed through Baku BMX Live. Neither are the summers too warm nor the winters are extremely cold. Winds keep on blowing all around the year. The blowing of the winds named the city as "city of winds".
Participants are also made aware that if they are interested in staying with the country's government prescribed inns then they are provided with the luxury of free transportation.
The racing of the cycles will sound crazy to you but watching Baku BMX Live will send a chill down your spine. The sort of actions that takes place while racing is extraordinary. It's worth watching. Bikers belong to all ages and both men and women participate in it.
Our website is charging a minimal fee for subscription. We are looking forward to as many subscriptions as possible. BMX live will be covered by us in all aspects. The website is designed in such a way that it is easier for an audience to find the BMX show very quickly. The interface is user-friendly. Apart from that you also get an insight about BMX which many of us didn't even know. Sports freak people will definitely love to watch such a gaming episode after they return back home from a hard day. The streaming is continuous and you will be shown earlier episodes on Baku BMX Live as per your wish. There is no obligation as to what you should watch.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
L'aéroport national El Tajín , connu également comme aéroport de Poza Rica, est un aéroport international situé à Tihuatlán, dans l'État de Veracruz, au Mexique, près de Poza Rica. L'aéroport est nommé d'après le site archéologique d'El Tajín. Il gère le trafic aérien commercial pour les villes de Poza Rica et Túxpam. Aeropuertos y Servicios Auxiliares, une société appartenant au gouvernement fédéral, exploite l'aéroport.

Statistiques
En 2017, l'aéroport a accueilli  et en 2018, .

Compagnies aériennes et destinations

Voir également
 Liste des aéroports les plus fréquentés au Mexique

Références

Liens externes
 Poza Rica Intl. Aéroport
   Données à jour en .

Poza Rica
Veracruz (État)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Showbox for iPad/iPhone is a hot spud that everybody is talking about over the world extensive web. For beginners, not many can seem to discover it and some even say that it does not are available. If you are on course relying on the right resources, you can discover and obtain Showbox for your iOS system, and we will tell you how.
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Once the app is downloadable to your gadgets, a pop up will appear forcing you to set up the app on your system. Media the Moviebox Install key to continue further.
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Then you should try setting up the app without vShare, that is; immediate obtain the Moviebox app.
In case, if this technique doesn't perform, then you can try the IPA technique for setting up and setting up the Moviebox app for iOS.
In this procedure, We follow the IPA technique (direct downloading) technique to obtain and set up Showbox.
If this technique also doesn't perform, then you are having one last choice. The one last choice you are having to obtain and set up Showbox for iPad/iPhone is to use the Showbox program on an Android os emulator for iOS. There are several Android os emulators for iOS available but it is difficult to discover a reliable one as there is an absence of efficient on the internet opinions. Android os emulators for iOS can help you run Android os programs on your The apple company gadgets. iAndroid is one of the best Android os emulators for iOS.
Use the android emulator available within the Cydia app.
On the other hand, if you poorly want the experience of Showbox on your iOS system, you can invest a few dollars and use an on the internet emulator like ManyMo.
If your Showbox is not working do check this post for iOS customers. Go through described techniques to actually obtain and set up the app. When you first start the app, you will feel like it has quite a similarity to the Showbox app. The best factor about the app is its simplicity of use and availability, given how it is the actual duplicate of the Showbox program available for different systems. The choices such as the material are the same which means that the iOS customers can lastly enjoy and coordinate up with the Android os customers when it comes to the choices for 100 % free enjoyment.
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MARSHALL - Marshall High School senior Nikki Tucker signed her National Letter of Intent on Thursday to play basketball at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University.
Tucker, a 5-foot-10 forward/center, led the Redhawks to the 2015-16 Michigan High School Athletic Association Class B state championship, averaging 12.5 points, 8.0 rebounds, 2.0 steals and 2.0 assists per game on her way to earning Class B first team All-State honors from the Basketball Coaches Association of Michigan and honorable mention honors from the Associated Press.
Tucker made two free throws with 1.4 seconds to lift Marshall to a one-point semifinal victory over Bay City John Glenn. She averaged a team-best 15 points in seven postseason games as Marshall finished the season on a 26-game winning streak.
Embry-Riddle is a Division II program located in Daytona Beach, Florida. The Eagles compete in the Sunshine State Conference.


We love vision research! Since our inception, EyeCRO has provided research services to over 175 different companies and research institutions worldwide.
Our key to success is the stellar team of scientists we have assembled to help drive ophthalmic preclinical research and development forward. Many of us have dedicated our entire research career to studying the eye and helping to advance new vision saving treatments. We take immense pride in helping others understand the potential of their idea/therapy and how it can make significant impacts on human health. EyeCRO scientists have extensive experience in applying many aspects of ophthalmic drug development utilizing state-of-the-art technologies such as optokinetic tracking, electroretinography, fundus imaging, optical coherence tomography, fluorophotometry and more!
EyeCRO is accredited by AAALAC and registered with the USDA. We maintain an internal IACUC that conducts a rigorous ethical review for all in-vivo studies prior to initiation. The EyeCRO team is proud to have the highest standards for nonclinical research.


A two-part conversation in which poet/host Charles Bernstein and curator Jay Sanders interview each other, read essays, and discuss projects. In part 1, Bernstein was the interviewer--part 2 has Sanders in the host chair.
Whitney Museum Curator of Performance Jay Sanders and poet Charles Bernstein discuss their work in, on, and around sound, performance, installation, dance, poetry, theater, poetics, curating, editing, and essay writing. They also reflect on their previous collaboration curating the 2001 exhibition Poetry Plastique at the Marianne Boesky Gallery. This event was organized as part of the exhibition S/N, curated by the 2014–15 Helena Rubinstein Curatorial Fellows of the Independent Study Program, and took place at The Kitchen in New York in June, 2015.


Home › Dual Leg Shock Lanyards › French Creek Shock Absorbing Dual Leg Lanyard Rebar Hooks - 6 ft.
French Creek Shock Absorbing Dual Leg Lanyard Rebar Hooks - 6 ft.
This 6 ft Dual Leg Shock Absorbing Lanyard has two legs with rebar hooks for 100% tie off and durable webbing with shock absorber at the end.
* This safety lanyard is extremely versatile so you can take it from job to job, which saves time and money.
* This lanyard features #136 (2 1/4" opening) rebar hooks on the ends for that oh so secure feeling.


Kuo called 3D Touch "one of the most severe production bottlenecks in iPhone 6s supply chain." He believes the supply chain for the components required for that feature are currently below 30 percent utilization, and would not be able to meet the demand of a refreshed iPad Air.
We are still getting a new iPad Air, though, right?
According to Kuo, Cupertino is still planning to refresh the 9.7-inch iPad offering in spring 2016. Kuo wrote that the introduction of the iPad Air 3 could come as early as March. There was no mention of a refreshed Apple Watch in Kuo's note, though.
Kuo also addressed rumors about the so-called "iPhone 7." He believes Cupertino will continue its traditional fall rollout schedule for the next-generation handset, meaning a September announcement. Kuo expects the iPhone 7 to maintain the same technical architecture introduced in the iPhone 6s, so 3D Touch will still be in the next handset.
Ming-Chi Kuo is one of the most well-connected analysts in the Apple ecosystem. He correctly predicted all of Cupertino's product announcements for fall 2015, so his notes are considered to be very accurate forecasts of what Apple has planned. At least in the case of the iPad 3, I hope that Apple proves him wrong for a change and does incorporate 3D Touch into the refreshed tablet.


Some good news on the Murderville front. Season 2 has come to a successful close and I hope all of my patrons enjoyed it. I also finished writing the first draft of Murderville Season 3. It's a damn mess and it's going to need a lot of work and that's what I'm going to focus on this month.
Last month I also revised and polished the Season 3 preview story. Normally, I'd put that out next month, but until I get a good handle on where I'm at with Season 3, I can't commit to that. Unless I'm sure that I can have Season 3 ready to roll on time, I don't want to get ahead of myself with the previews and such.
If you follow me on Twitter, you might know that the day job is no more. Due to various reasons (some of which I may detail in another post), it didn't work out, so I'm back to where I was at the beginning of May. In theory, I should be able to play catch up this month and put everything Murderville-related back on schedule. But again, I don't want to commit to anything considering I've basically been disappointing if not everyone, then at least myself all summer with my ability to live up to my commitments. It's been a very frustrating season for me.
But, it's not frustrating for my patrons because the ebook of Murderville: The End Of comes out this month. Become a patron now and get in on this sweet deal.


text:
Quotes for Thesis
A collection of interviews conducted for my thesis and quotes from the interviews to be used in my thesis.
Davies, Diane. Personal interview. Author's mother talks about PA Dutch culture and her experience
within it. 13 March. 2016. Web. < https://www.rachelyoderart.net/single-post/2017/07/24/Quotes-for-Thesis>
"In my generation (Baby Boomers) we kinda made fun of the dutchie/dutchified people because of the way they spoke. It wasn't cool to be dutchie, it just wasn't cool. And that's what you're all about when you're a teenager, is trying to fit in a be cool. "
"My first roommate at college (1973) knew I was PA Dutch and wanted to know where my bonnet was, she thought I was Amish. That was about the extent of it, and that was my first experience of people not knowing the difference between PA Dutch and Amish."
When asked if her views of the culture have changed at all as she's gotten old, Davies said, "Yeah I learned to appreciate the frugality in which they lived – they wasted nothing. The support they gave each other in church, even if someone didn't believe everything they church talked about, they would still go there. It was their social life, it was their support group, it's where they would go to have quilting circle, etc. As far as learning to appreciate it, I think I always appreciated in because I picked up the handiwork (sewing/embroidery arts) as well. My grandmother's (Verna Fisher) work was just unbelievabily magnificant, and now I know how talented she was without being recognized as an incredible talent,"
This speaks to the utalitarian nature of the PA Dutch. Davies' grandmother, Verna Fisher (Oley, PA) was not interseted in recognition, but rather created this work with the payoff of enjoying the work itself. " 'Busy hands, happy heart' she would say!"
Davies, Olive. Personal interview. Author's grandmother talks about feedbags, PA Dutch kitsch patterns
and her experience with them. 16 June. 2017. Web. < https://www.rachelyoderart.net/single-post/2017/07/24/Quotes-for-Thesis>
Heinsohn, Dorles. Personal interview. Owner of PA Dutch Gift Haus- discussed kitsch vs. authentic and
the trends in PA Dutch surface designs from her experience in business for over 50 years. 17 June. 2017. Web. < https://www.rachelyoderart.net/single-post/2017/07/24/Quotes-for-Thesis>
Horton, Beverly. Personal interview. PA Dutch quilter and sewing enthusiast that used to sell the PA
Dutch fabrics at JcPenny and remembers clearly the widespread popularity of these items. 19 June. 2017. Web. < https://www.rachelyoderart.net/single-post/2017/07/24/Quotes-for-Thesis>
Hoyt, Ivan and Dorothy. Personal interview. Traditional PA Dutch folk artist that has been working the
Folk Fest for over 20 years (photos of patterns). 7 July. 2017. Web. < https://www.rachelyoderart.net/single-post/2017/07/24/Quotes-for-Thesis>
Jarret, Debbie. Personal interview. Traditional Sawdust folk artist that has been working the Folk Fest for over 20 years, her experience as a traditional folk artist working alongside very kitschy and exploitative designs. 7July. 2017. Web. < https://www.rachelyoderart.net/single-post/2017/07/24/Quotes-for-Thesis>
Madenford, Douglas. 2017, Contemporary PA Dutch language teacher, entertainer, author and
preservation efforts leader. Web. < https://www.rachelyoderart.net/single-post/2017/07/24/Interview-with-Douglas-Madenford-for-Thesis>
McCoy-Richardson, Amanda. Personal interview. B.A. Pennsylvania German Studies. 23 July. 2017. Web. < https://www.rachelyoderart.net/single-post/2017/07/24/Quotes-for-Thesis>
Perry, Candace. Personal interview. Curator of The Schwenkfelder Library and Museums collection and
PA Dutch textile expert, discusses the trends of companies creating kitsch designs and what effect it had on PA Dutch culture from the inside and from the outside. 21 June. 2017. Web. <https://www.rachelyoderart.net/single-post/2017/07/24/Quotes-for-Thesis>
Sacks, Shirley. Traditional folk artist/embroiderer, educator, founder of Crewel World that has been
working the Folk Fest for over 20 years and is a scholar on the subject of embroidery work known as crewel. 7 July. 2017. Web. < https://www.rachelyoderart.net/single-post/2017/07/24/Quotes-for-Thesis>
Schreiwer, Robert L. Personal interview. Contemporary PA Dutch language teacher, leader, author. 23
July. 2017. Web. < https://www.rachelyoderart.net/single-post/2017/07/24/Quotes-for-Thesis>
"Sheesh, my whole world is Deitsch kitsch... I am not even sure where to start.
Well let's start with what makes you like it? Are you attracted to in aesthetically or nostalgically?
"Both... I have been around it my entire life. Some pieces remind me of home. Some remind me of relatives' homes. I'd wager that some speak to my subconscious mind. My house is decorated in various Deitsch styles as part of my identity. I am Deitsch. I love our cultural, from the mundane to the esoteric and from the individual artist's expression to the mass produced kitsch."
Varjan, Elaine. 2017, PA Dutch folk artist that has been working the Folk Fest for over 20 years. 7 July.
2017. Web. < https://www.rachelyoderart.net/single-post/2017/07/24/Quotes-for-Thesis>
Yoder, Hunter M. Contemporary folk artist painting traditional and non-traditional hex signs. BFA in
Paiting, Kutztown. Yoder used to work at the Kutztown Folk Fest in the 70s and grew up in Kutztown selling goods to tourists that would come to the folk fest. 23 July. 2017. Web. < https://www.rachelyoderart.net/single-post/2017/07/24/Quotes-for-Thesis>
Yoder lived in PA Dutch country in the 50s-70s. His experience from childhood of traditional PA Dutch folk art and kitsch, "As young kids we made stuff, like distlefink paitings on wood, to sell for the Kutztown Folk Festival. We sold it outside of my dad's dental office (Main Street, Kutztown, PA). Then when we got a little older, we worked at the folk fest."
On kitsch, "(Greenberg) says if you repeated traditional art it was kitsch, you're saying (author) traditional folk art is pure and that the kitsch was the polution and comercialization of these traditions,"
"During this time pop art was happening and they were just regergitating comercial printing processes and ads basically, and this (kitsch) is not too far from that,"
"Pure comercialism at its best!"
"The part I find offensive is the Amish-Dutch stuff, the rest of it doesn't bother me. It's a misrepresentation of PA Dutch culture for profit."
on folk art evolution "Every tradition, if it's a living tradition, has to evolve. If it's treated like a dead tradition in order to maintain integrity, this causes the work to lose it's relavance to the living culture."
Yoder, Rachel. 2017, Author, comtemporary folk artist, art educator, illustrator and designer working to reclaim PA Dutch identity through a revival of PA Dutch surface designs. Interview by Hunter M. Yoder. 23 July. 2017. Web. < https://www.rachelyoderart.net/single-post/2017/07/24/Quotes-for-Thesis>
"There was a void left by the absence of PA Dutch kitsch products after the 1980s. Their accessibility and low cost are very vacuum for a desire for patterns, fabrics and clothing left by kitsch patterns extinction new designs would be successful in filling that void and attracting new interest in PA Dutch folklife.
I feel that using a hybrid of folk processes and digital processes to make things with a hand-made element but also in a way that is easily consumable and utilitarian so that the prices can be more reasonable is the best and most respectful solution. As a contemporary folk artist, I believe in honoring the motifs and the traditions, but I also believe in using the advances of technology to make our art more efficiently and accessible. The goal here for me is to promote our authentic culture and ways of life in the present. I honor the past and my ancestors when I paint, but I remain grounded in the present. We need to connect to PA Dutch folks that are here and now! I envision a rebranding of PA Dutch kitsch products to make them authentic representations and also appeal to the younger generations of PA Dutch people and the public. There are enough PA Dutch folk art reenactors, that's not my goal. I am standing in the present with my children and my community and I have a strong desire to pull the threads of the past to meet the threads of the future.
Young PA Dutch people desire to connect to their culture and have revived interest in these once popular kitsch patterns and products, so the inaccuracy continues to spread. They also are being gouged with the prices of these inaccurate representations. With new demand from the Xennials and Millenials and salability why isn't anyone creating reproductions of these fabrics? Well I'm not sure, but I see a need and I'm going for it! I personally have sought out these fabric patterns for years and it boggled my mind why they had completely disappeared. I plan to create a line of surface pattern designs with authethuc PA Dutch folklife imagery for the modern PA Dutch person to enjoy. Redesigning these products with cultural accuracy and sharing them for low cost utilitarian purposes once again is my goal. I believe we can revive their original intent and beauty to continue sharing the PA Dutch culture through new surface designs. These designs become like an advertisement, 'come see what PA Dutch culture is like in the 21st century',"
Zettlemoyer, Tammy. Personal interview. Contemporary traditional PA Dutch potter discusses kitsch
framed by her thesis on material culture. 7 July. 2017. Web. < https://www.rachelyoderart.net/single-post/2017/07/24/Quotes-for-Thesis>


text:
symbols by letter
freud on dreams
top dreams
The meaning of the dream symbol: Death
In a dream, to witness the image of ones own corpse, may be a very extreme, yet entirely effective, Unconscious illustration of deep and personal loss. However, this termination, or loss, is not necessarily negative. In life, a person may 'lose' a dependency, such as drug addiction. Similarly, a person may 'lose' a narcissistic point of view, or a person may 'lose' prejudice. The point being, many characteristics which define a person, quite frankly, can afford to be lost. Hence, a vision of personal death simply portrays the decisive end of one state of mind, either psychological or emotional, which may allow for the emergence of a new and perhaps wiser understanding of oneself.
On the other hand, witnessing the corpse of a loved one who is still alive, may reflect a complicated feeling of Toss' in the understanding, familiarity and connection shared with that person. Ancient wisdom compares symbolic death with deep and reverant change. We cannot raise to a higher consciousness without permanently altering a lower consciousness.
Death marks the absolute conclusion of some positive thing, such as a human being, an animal, a plant, a friendship, an engagement, peace or an age.
In so far as it is a symbol, death is the impermanent and perishable aspect of living. It points to what must vanish in the inevitable evolution of material things and is akin to the symbolism of earth. However, it also ushers in the unknown worlds of Heaven and Hell, thus demonstrating its ambivalence, like Earth, and setting it, in some respects, upon the same plane as rites of passage. Death is the harbinger of revelation. In this sense, death has psychological properties, in that it liberates from negative and regressive forces, dematerializes and sets free the ascensional powers of the spirit. Although Death may be the daughter of Night and the sister of Sleep, like her mother and brother she is endowed with powers of regeneration. If the person struck down by death lives only on the material and animal plane, he or she sinks into Hell: on the other hand, if that person lives at a spiritual level, Death unlocks the gates of the realm of light. Mystics are in agreement with doctors and psychologists in observing that within every being at all levels of existence life and death co-exist. In other words, that there is a tension between countervailing forces. Perhaps death at one level may be the condition for life at another, higher level.
Dis Pater, mentioned by Caesar in his De bello Galileo, and from whom all the Gauls claimed descent, was primarily a death-god as well as being the father of the tribe. The former was the dark side of the Supreme Deity, otherwise known as Ogmios (Ogme in Ireland). The Ankou, the allegory of death in Britanny, carries on the tradition of the conductor of the dead from the medieval Dance of Death and, despite Christianization, that of Ogmios.
This does not stop the mystery of death from being regarded traditionally as an agony and depicted as something terrifying. Taken to its logical conclusion, however, this is more resistance to change into an unknown existence than dread of being absorbed once again into nothingness.
The Ancient Greeks embodied the destructive powers of death in Eurynomos, an Underworld spirit 'whose task it was to devour the flesh of the dead and to leave only their bones... Painted dark blue, like a blowfly, he bared his teeth, and the throne on which he sat was covered with a vulture's skin' (Pausanias, Description of Greece 10: 28-31).
Life-giving and, correspondingly, death-dealing powers were invested in the gods. Second only to Zeus, these death-dealers were Athene, Apollo, Artemis (Diana), Ares (Mars), Hades (Pluto), Hecate and Persephone. Death was personified in Thanatos, son of Night and brother of Sleep, 'unpredictable, unfeeling and pitiless' (LAVD pp. 656-64). In Classical iconography, death may be depicted by a tomb; by a being armed with a scythe; by a divinity with its jaws clamped upon a human being; by a winged spirit; by two youths, one black, the other white; by a horseman, a skeleton, a dance of death; by a serpent or indeed any animal, such as a horse or a dog, which performs the duties of conductor of souls.
The general symbolism of death may also be seen in the thirteenth major arcanum of the tarot. It bears no name, as if its number was in itself significant enough and its makers were too afraid to mention it. The number thirteen carried a maleficent significance throughout the Christian Middle Ages as it had already done in Classical antiquity, since it symbolizes 'the cyclic course of human activity... the passage to another state of being and, hence, of death'.
Death - or the Reaper - embodies an important development, grief, the transformation of beings and things, change, inescapable destiny and, according to Wirth, disillusionment, detachment, stoicism, loss of confidence and pessimism. Jean Vassel states that Death constitutes a break in the series of Tarot picture cards and those that follow it are the higher arcana. As a result, the first twelve may be made to correspond to the 'lesser mysteries' and the twelve which follow to the 'greater mysteries', since it is obvious that the succeeding cards have a more 'celestial' character than those which preceded them. Like the juggler, in astrology Death corresponds to the first house in the horoscope.
The Tarot card depicts a skeleton armed with a scythe, and speaks for itself. The figure is completely flesh-coloured and not golden, and one foot is deep in the soil. In its left hand it carries a scythe, the handle yellow and the blade red, the colour of fire and blood. 'Is this to warn us that the death depicted here is not death of the physical body, but the destruction which threatens our spiritual existence, if initiation does not save us from annihilation?'.
The soil is black: blue and yellow plants grow in it. Beneath the skeleton's foot there is a woman's head and beside the scythe-blade that of a man crowned. Three hands, a foot and two bones are scattered here and there.
The faces preserve their expressions, as if they were still alive. The one on the right wears a kingly crown, symbol of the kingship of the will and the intelligence which none abdicates in death. The features of the face on the left preserve their feminine beauty, because love does not die and the soul retains its power beyond the grave. The hands sticking out of the ground, ready for action, proclaim that the Work cannot be interrupted while the feet... are prepared to set ideas in motion... nothing ceases: everything moves on!
This is because death has more than one meaning. It frees from trouble and care; it is not an end in itself; it opens the gates to the realm of the spirit, true life: mors janua vitae (Death is the Gate of Life). In its esoteric sense, death symbolizes the profound change effected in a person by initiation. 'The uninitiate must die to be reborn in the higher life conferred by initiation. Unless he or she dies to a state of imperfection, the way of progress by initiation is barred'. Similarly, in alchemy, the matter which will provide the substance of the Philosopher's Stone is sealed within a closed receptacle, deprived of all external contact, and must die and putrefy. Thus the thirteenth card of the Tarot symbolizes death in the sense of renewal and rebirth given to it by initiation. Following upon the mystical hanging man, abandoned in total surrender, who regains his strength by contact with the Earth, Death reminds us that we must go beyond and that it is the essential ingredient of progress and of life.
Dream Knowledge
Dreams and Psychology
Thousands of Years of Dreams and Inspiration
The Mechanics of Sleeping and Dreaming
The Dream As Personal Prophecy


text:
Mineola, New York – On Yesterday's News 12 "Power and Politics", when asked about multi-million-dollar Nassau County mansions paying Zero in property taxes, A spokesperson for County Executive Curran said "Clearly the Taxpayer Protection Program, unanimously passed by the County Legislature was never meant to eliminate property taxes and we will look to correct the law if needed." (See screenshot above.). The vote was not "unanimous" with Legislators Rhoads and Ferretti Abstaining.
Last week, Nassau Legislature Presiding Officer Rich Nicolello demanded answers from County Executive Laura Curran for a collection of mansions in the County, whose owners have been billed "ZERO" in property taxes for the 2020/2021 tax year under her Administration's signature reassessment project. Nicolello, joined by members of the Majority Legislative Delegation, expressed outrage at the inequity of uber-wealthy homeowners paying ZERO property taxes on their multi-million-dollar estates.
One home on display in Point Lookout was the subject of $31,018 in taxes for the 2019/2020 tax year, but in the first tax year under the County Executive's reassessment, the home's owner is now slated to pay NO PROPERTY TAXES in the 2020/2021 tax year. The home has an assessed value of $4,012000. A waterfront estate in Kings Point, which is valued at $3,757,000, featured taxes of over $21,000 in the year before the County Executive's reassessment kicked in but is now the subject of ZERO property taxes in the first tax year under the new reassessment. A Lattingtown home with a value of $2,595,000 boasted a tax bill of more than $26,000 prior to reassessment; however, its owner will now pay NO PROPERTY TAXES at all! The owner of a home in the exclusive community of Centre Island that is valued at $3,785,000 will also pay NO PROPERTY TAXES for the 2020/2021 tax year. Finally, the owner of an Atlantic Beach home who was billed $24,366 for the 2019/2020 tax year will enjoy a TAX-FREE year for the 2020/2021 year.
"The Majority has identified examples of gross inequities in which mansions are vastly undertaxed, some of which pay zero in property taxes," Presiding Officer Richard Nicolello said. "Other properties of the very wealthy have seen tax savings in the tens of thousands of dollars. We have also identified identical homes sitting side by side with vastly different tax bills. We are demanding that the County Executive perform a comprehensive review to identify all the inequities and to fix the problem. Nassau residents deserve better."
Nicolello and his Majority Delegation pointed out what they consider other startling inequities that have resulted from the County Executive's reassessment. The officials pointed out a breathtaking mansion in Hewlett Harbor that was the subject of almost $93,000 in property taxes before the County Executive's reassessment. The massive home's owner will pay only $18,310 in the first tax year of the Nassau Administration's reassessment. That is almost an 80% tax reduction. Another Kings Point manse valued at over $25 million will see its taxes reduced from a pre-reassessment tax bite of $145,512 to a paltry $24,830. Finally, a Sands Point estate will witness its owner paying only $1,224 in taxes under the County Executive's reassessment. Prior to the Administration's error-riddled reassessment, the house's owner remitted $88,727 in property taxes last year.
"This is disgraceful, and it points out what the Republican Majority of the Legislature has been saying all along," stated Legislator Bill Gaylor. "The Nassau County Executive's reassessment is patently unfair and is a back-door tax increase for the hard-working homeowners. Now, middle class property owners are picking up the tab for super wealthy homeowners who are paying no property taxes on their mansions because of Laura Curran's reassessment. Taxpayers need and deserve answers."
⇐Previous RESTORED HISTORIC MARKER DEBUTS AT HEWLETT HOUSENext⇒ LEGISLATURE ASKS FOR AUDIT OF COUNTY DEPARTMENTS & VENDORS TO ENFORCE ANTI-BDS LEGISLATION
Nassau County Legislature Honors NCPD Officer Who Saved Life For Top Cop
Virtual Property Tax Assessment Grievance Seminars in the 7th Legislative District
S.T.O.P Hazardous Household Waste Collection Program coming to North Woodmere
Legislature honors Nassau County Police Department "Top Cops" For September
Deputy Officer Kopel Attends September 11th Memorial Ceremony
E-CYCLING BEGINS WITH YOU!
S.T.O.P. HAZARDOUS HOUSEHOLD WASTE COLLECTION PROGRAM COMING TO BAY PARK
STATEMENT OF HOWARD KOPEL REGARDING REMARKS AT RECENT ROCKVILLE CENTRE BOARD MEETING
NASSAU COUNTY LEGISLATURE HONORS RVC PD AND FD FOR ACTIONS AFTER TANKER CRASH
KOPEL SWORN IN FOR NEW TERM AS LEGISLATOR
S.T.O.P. HAZARDOUS HOUSEHOLD WASTE PROGRAM IS COMING TO NORTH WOODMERE
LEGISLATORS DEMAND AUDIT OF TAX BILL ERRORS THAT RESULTED TAX OVERBILLINGS OF OVER $16 MILLION
KOPEL IS HOSTING A "SHED THE MEDS" DRUG DROP OFF EVENT IN EAST ROCKAWAY
S.T.O.P. HAZARDOUS HOUSEHOLD WASTE PROGRAM IS COMING TO VALLEY STREAM
KOPEL & COUNCILMAN D'ESPOSITO ARE BRINGING THE NuHEALTH/ NUMC MAMMOGRAPHY VAN
LEGISLATOR KOPEL PRESENTS COVID-19 SERVICE PINS TO DOCTORS, NURSES AND HEALTH CARE WORKERS
RESTORED HISTORIC MARKER DEBUTS AT HEWLETT HOUSE
LEGISLATOR KOPEL & COUNCILMAN D'ESPOSITO ARE BRINGING THE NuHEALTH/ NUMC MAMMOGRAPHY VAN TO THE 7TH
LEGISLATOR KOPEL PRESENTS COVID-19 SERVICE BARS TO ROCKVILLE CENTRE FIRE DEPT.
LEGISLATOR GAYLOR PRESENTS COVID-19 SERVICE BARS TO EAST ROCKAWAY FIRE DEPT.
LEGISLATORS KOPEL AND GAYLOR DELIVER CRP MONEY TO HEWLETT BAY FIRE DISTRICT FOR CHEST COMPRESSORS
LEGISLATOR KOPEL AND OTHER PRESENT: TRAIN YOUR BRAIN VIRTUAL SESSIONS


Hands-On for Kids: Learn to Code Amazing Mazes in Scratch!
Everyone wants to learn how to code! Don't know where to start?
Join us at MODA to learn the basics of computer coding in our newest workshop series, Building from Scratch, where we'll be making amazing mazes and learning skills essential to game and animation design. We'll create a sprite (a character) and program it to navigate obstacles and patrollers without getting sent back to its original starting point!
The tool we'll use to learn coding basics and building amazing mazes is Scratch, an online block-based coding language that allows young designers to learn how to code in an easy and unique way.
In this introductory workshop, participants will explore how to use two basic command block categories in Scratch - motion and control. These foundational blocks give young coders the ability to make things move and set parameters to their programs or scripts. We'll also explore how using the X and Y axes is essential in creating new programs, and how lines of code cause our sprites (characters) to move around.
Young designers will also learn how to use the broadcasting tool. In Scratch, a broadcast block can act as a trigger, causing a chain of events to occur as a new line of code runs. By mastering these tools, young designers will not only learn the basics of coding movement and control, but we'll also learn how these tools can serve as the foundation of game and animation design. Using all of our new found skills, we'll make our own interactive maze. We'll create a sprite that has to navigate various obstacles and patrollers without getting sent back to its original starting point!


text:
30 Oct La Palma eruption update 30th october 2021: Lava flows affect new land to the south of the flow field
La Palma eruption update 30th october 2021: Lava flows affect new land to the south of the flow field
The lava emission centre on the northwest flank of the main cone continues to feed a branched stream, with one branched travelling west, and another travelling southwest. The most fluid of these flows is the latter, which has exceeded fronts of the original flows and has advanced 1,500 m in the last 24 hours over new land at the southern extent of the lava flow field and has reached the low coastal plain near Las Hoyas. The width of the lava flows has now exceeded 3,000 m because of the advance of this flow, and the total area affected by the lava flows now stands at 964 hectares. Earthquakes continued to be observed at high magnitudes at intermediate depths (10-15 km) with some large earthquakes at deeper depths (35-40 km), although at a lower frequency than previous days. 105 events were recorded, peaking at 5.0 mbLg at 37 km depth, which was the most powerful earthquake since the eruption began.
Deformation remains stable in the proximal GPS stations after the reversal of the signal seen at the Jedey station the last few days, whilst a slight deflation of deep origin continues to be recorded in distal stations. SO2 emissions continue to show the slight decreasing trend of the last 6 days and were measured at 7,700 tons per day, whilst the ash and gas plume reached 4000 m. The tremor remains high, with pulses of intensification. Air quality remained improved as seen in the last three days. The daily and hourly thresholds were not exceeded in any of the stations with respect to both SO2 and PM10 concentrations, except in Los Llanos which again exceeded the daily threshold (50 μg/m3) for PM10 concentrations, with spikes of concentrations up to 499 μg/m3 at midnight.
A map of the lava flows in the southwest corner of the flow field by the coast, showing the advance over new land in the last day. Image credit: PEVOLCA, Government of the Canary Islands
BBC News – La Palma volcano survivors shaken but determined – here
Reuters – Tourists head to the volcano – here
PREV READINGLa Palma eruption update 29th october 2021: Earthquakes remain at high magnitude and frequency
NEXT READING La Palma eruption update 31st october 2021: Increased lava emission has been seen in the last 24-48 hours


Bradford Soap Works, the Rhode Island manufacturer of personal care products, is proud to announce that Stuart R. Benton, President & CEO, is the winner of the 2016 Boston Business Journal's CFO of the Year Award in the large private company category. Mr. Benton held the position of Chief Financial Officer at Bradford for five years before being named to his new position in May. The award was announced on July 14 at a luncheon at the Seaport Hotel in Boston.
This prestigious award recognizes Chief Financial Officers who, through their strong business experiences, strategic direction and market knowledge, have made a difference in their organizations and in the profession, while managing their daily financial operations. The nomination of Mr. Benton was submitted by RSM, one of the world's largest and most respected accounting firms.
Mr. Benton is currently working on Bradford's Positioning Statement. This statement, together with the Behavioral Values that Mr. Benton is also developing, will be the cornerstone for how the company runs internally, and also how it operates in the marketplace. Under his direction, Bradford has identified several top priorities, including focusing on the company's people, ensuring a sense of innovation, and positioning Bradford to be able to make smart strategic decisions in the marketplace regarding when and where the company does business.
Founded on a platform of 'Innovation through Experience', Bradford is a trusted American resource that helps its customers build great brands. As one of the world's leading manufacturers of specialty personal care products, its market research department and broad customer base give it a unique real-time understanding of industry trends. State-of-the-art development laboratories provide custom formulations, product development and testing services. It was the first U.S. bar soap manufacturer to receive organic certification; it has certification from the Rainforest Alliance; and it is a member of the Roundtable For Sustainable Palm Oil. Founded in 1876, the company flourishes on its core values of heritage, innovation, customer focus, passion, accountability and safety. The company is headquartered in Rhode Island, with facilities in Indiana, California and Mexicali, Mexico.


Fits standard bathtub drain with a diameter of 1.4" - 1.7" and depth of 1.10" - 1.42"
Our online support is here 24/7 if you are unsure whether TubKeeper fits your bathtub drain.
TubKeeper is designed for use in bathtub drains. Please do not use in shower stall drains, in sink drains, or as a toy.
Package contains user manual and small parts. Please keep away from children.
Let's get one before your drain clogs again, dear.
Because you want a better bath, and more.
Its tentacles catches and keeps hairs unexposed while keeping high water flow.
No more standing in a puddle.
A non-toxic, watertight stopper that comes in handy when you are in the mood for a bath.
Changes to pink once water hits 100°F (37.8°C) to safeguard you and your loved ones.
Made with mildew-resistant materials to keep your TubKeeper away from mildew.
Hairs collected neatly in the bottom for easy removal. No holes or mesh to make cleaning difficult.
a depth of 1.10 to 1.42 inches.
to get a 10% off for your next order!


text:
package me.nlighten.backend.test;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

import javax.inject.Inject;

import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.jboss.arquillian.junit.Arquillian;
import org.jboss.arquillian.junit.InSequence;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.slf4j.Logger;

import me.nlighten.backend.config.NlightenConfig;
import me.nlighten.backend.config.NlightenConfigService;

/**
 * The Class NlightenConfigServiceTest, for testing NlightenConfigService.
 *
 * @author Lubo3
 */
@RunWith(Arquillian.class)
public class NlightenConfigServiceTest extends AbstractTest {

  /** The Constant JSON_RELOAD_CONFIG. */
  private static final String JSON_RELOAD_CONFIG = "{\"cdiDebugProperty\":\"reloadConfig\"}";

  /** The Constant JSON_RELOAD_ALL_CONFIGS. */
  private static final String JSON_RELOAD_ALL_CONFIGS =
      "{\"cdiDebugProperty\":\"reloadAllConfigs\"}";

  /** The system variable constant CONFIGURATION_PATH. */
  private static final String CONFIGURATION_PATH = "NGLIGHTEN_CONFIGURATION_FILE_PATH";

  /** The Constant JSON_PATH, where JSON has to be saved. */
  private static final String JSON_PATH = System.getProperty("jboss.server.temp.dir")
      + System.getProperty("file.separatorr") + "NlightenConfig.json";

  /** The logger. */
  @Inject
  private Logger logger;

  /** The nlighten config service. */
  @Inject
  private NlightenConfigService nlightenConfigService;

  /**
   * Gets the config test.
   */
  @Test
  @InSequence(1)
  public void getConfigTest() {
    try {
      NlightenConfig nlightenConfig = nlightenConfigService.getConfig(NlightenConfig.class);
      Assert.assertEquals("this is json property", nlightenConfig.getCdiDebugProperty());
    } catch (Exception e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }

  }

  /**
   * Reload config.
   */
  @Test()
  @InSequence(2)
  public void reloadConfig() {
    try {
      saveJsonFileAndSetSystemProperty(JSON_RELOAD_CONFIG);
      nlightenConfigService.reloadConfig(NlightenConfig.class);

      NlightenConfig nlightenConfig = nlightenConfigService.getConfig(NlightenConfig.class);
      Assert.assertEquals("reloadConfig", nlightenConfig.getCdiDebugProperty());
    } catch (Exception e) {
      logger.error(e.getMessage());
    }
  }

  /**
   * Reload all configs test.
   */
  @Test
  @InSequence(3)
  public void reloadAllConfigsTest() {
    try {
      saveJsonFileAndSetSystemProperty(JSON_RELOAD_ALL_CONFIGS);
      nlightenConfigService.reloadAllConfigs();

      NlightenConfig nlightenConfig = nlightenConfigService.getConfig(NlightenConfig.class);
      Assert.assertEquals("reloadAllConfigs", nlightenConfig.getCdiDebugProperty());
    } catch (Exception e) {
      logger.error(e.getMessage());
    }
  }

  /**
   * Save json file and set system property.
   *
   * @param json the json
   */
  private void saveJsonFileAndSetSystemProperty(String json) {
    try {
      System.setProperty(CONFIGURATION_PATH, JSON_PATH);
      FileUtils.writeStringToFile(new File(JSON_PATH), json);
    } catch (IOException e) {
      logger.error(e.getMessage());
    }
  }

}


text:
Form I-9 Audits and Enforcement Actions
Employer compliance and enforcement issues have grown dramatically under the current administration, with a four- to five-fold increase in audits and site visits alone. Staying informed on the latest information regarding these issues are more important than ever. This panel of experts will review the latest developments in I-9 audits and enforcement actions, discuss best practices for dealing with them, and identify strategies to mitigate fines and penalties.
Anatomy of an I-9 Audit.
Anatomy of an I-9 Raid: How to Protect the Employer.
Conflicts of Interest.
Overview of DOJ's Immigrant and Employee Rights Section (IER) and Its Jurisdiction.
Best Practices for Employers in the I-9 Context: Complying with DOJ's Immigration Discrimination and Document Abuse Issues.
Kimberley Robidoux
Kimberley Best Robidoux is a senior attorney/shareholder at Maggio Kattar Nahajzer + Alexander, P.C. in San Diego. She focuses her practice on corporate immigration matters for industries such as high-tech, pharmaceutical/biotech, manufacturing/distribution, and hospitality, as well as developing customized immigration programs for foreign nationals establishing new businesses in the United States. She also counsels clients on worksite compliance issues, including I-9 Employment Eligibility Verification and E-Verify matters. Ms. Robidoux is a member of the Bar of the Supreme Court California, Bar of the Court of Appeals of Maryland, Bar of the Court of Appeals of Washington, D.C., AILA, the Society for Human Resources Management, as well as other organizations. She received her B.S. in Industrial and Labor relations from Cornell University, New York State School of Industrial and Labor Relations and her J.D. from Albany Law School.
Kevin Lashus
Kevin R. Lashus graduated from Stanford University in 1994, and received his Juris Doctor degree from the University of Texas School of Law in 1998. Mr. Lashus is a partner of the Austin office of FisherBroyles LLP. He is also board certified in Immigration and Nationality Law by the Texas Board of Legal Specialization. Mr. Lashus has represented management in employment verification compliance investigations, administrative employer sanctions cases, in-bound business immigration, USCIS fraud investigations, and other workplace law matters since 2007. Mr. Lashus was an assistant attorney general for the State of Texas. Shortly after September 11, 2001, he moved on to the U.S. Department of Justice, then ultimately, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. A 2010 peer survey identified him as a Texas Super Lawyer Rising Star in immigration; he was re-designated in 2011 as well. From 2012-20, the same peer survey identified him as a Texas Super Lawyer in immigration.
Maria Ramos
Maria del Carmen Ramos is a partner in the Tampa, FL office of Shumaker, Loop & Kendrick, LLP. Named Tampa's top immigration lawyer four times, she works with U.S. and multinational clients to provide comprehensive business immigration representation on U.S. visa matters, covering the full spectrum of nonimmigrant and immigrant visa processing for their professional workforce, including new hires, the existing talent pool, and international intracompany transfers. She takes a holistic approach to working with clients to develop an acute understanding of their business, assesses and advises on the options available, identifies potential risks and gains, and provides recommendations on strategy that best align to her clients' key business needs while ensuring compliance with all applicable immigration law and regulations.
Eileen Scofield
Eileen Scofield has decades of experience concentrating on immigration law and related legal matters for global, U.S. and foreign-based clients. She provides strategic visa related guidance, has worked with and litigated against the U.S. DHS, CIS, ICE, HIS, U.S. DOL, U.S. DOJ Civil Rights Division, etc. on various wage, verification and worksite enforcement issues, fraud matters; managed over 50 workforce-related government agency subpoenas, audits and investigations; advised on federal and state legislation; and been active pro bono activities. She regularly advices on compliance standards, privacy/security, electronic systems, internal audits, external audit response, internal processing, third -party, outsourcing, contracts, M&A/restructure and other corporate issues. Finally, she regularly advises global investors, professional athletes, and individuals on immigration related issues, including data sharing, tax and estate planning, and personal global issues.
07/21/2020 at 4:15 PM (EDT) | 60 minutes Form I-9 Audits and Enforcement Actions


text:
FA Cup 3rd Round Draw: Liverpool Meet Everton, Man Utd Travel to Wolves & Arsenal Host Leeds
Cardiff Lodge CAS Appeal Against FIFA Order to Pay €6m to Nantes for Emiliano Sala Transfer
Jamie Spencer 05 Dec 2019
Cardiff City have appealed to the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) against an order from FIFA to pay €6m to Nantes for the transfer of the late striker Emiliano Sala, who tragically died when the plane he was a passenger on went down over the English Channel last January.
Cardiff had publicly announced the transfer. However, since Sala's untimely death whilst travelling to Wales a few days later, the level to which the deal was legally complete has been a major source of contention between the two clubs involved.
Nantes want to be paid because they believe they had completed the sale, but Cardiff argue that Sala was not officially registered as their player when he died.
Nantes sent Cardiff an invoice for the first instalment of €6m, but the then Premier League team refused to pay. That led to a complaint being filed by Nantes to FIFA, with the world governing body siding with the French club and ordering Cardiff to pay the €6m instalment.
That was then followed by FIFA threatening Cardiff with a transfer ban if they still refused to pay. The Bluebirds were initially given 45 days from being supplied with Nantes' bank detail to make the payment, with FIFA declaring that missing the deadline would result in them being banned from registering new players for up to three transfer windows until the sum is transferred.
Refusal to comply could, therefore, prevent Cardiff signing new players until summer 2021.
Cardiff have now appealed to CAS in an attempt to get FIFA's ruling on having to pay the €6m instalment overturned, requesting that the court in Switzerland, 'declare that no amount shall be payable by Cardiff City FC to FC Nantes'.
The CAS statement, confirming that the appeal has been registered read, "In accordance with the Code of Sports-related Arbitration, the rules governing CAS procedures, an appeal arbitration procedure has been opened. The counsels for Cardiff City FC and for FC Nantes have agreed to set an ad hoc procedural calendar.
"A hearing is likely to be fixed in spring 2020. A final award is not expected before June 2020."
For more from Jamie Spencer, follow him on Twitter and Facebook!


Students should have access to Adobe InDesign to follow along with the course. A free trial or any Creative Cloud version will be fine. Previous versions will be fine for most lessons.
Students DO NOT need a design background or any other skills related to InDesign before taking this course.
If you're looking to learn Adobe InDesign from scratch, you've come to the right place.?Perfect for designers, business & entrepreneurs, photographers, authors, and online businesses, this course takes you from beginner to advanced user in just a few hours.
Whatever you want to design -?make it stand out from the crowd!
Dive right into creating your first project, in section 1 of the course.
Download project files and photos to easily follow along.?
Learn a professional workflow that makes sense.
And many more advanced techniques!
Why enroll in this course -?and not another InDesign CC course?
Phil Ebiner has created a number of?best-selling?online?courses that students love. He's partnered with Kurt Anderson, of AdobeMasters, to help you master InDesign. We truly care about you -?yes you, who is reading this right now!
We will do whatever we can to make sure you are happy with this course. We always respond to student questions in a timely manner. In our lessons, we get straight to the learning, without a lot of fluff, because we know you're busy. At the same time, we hope you feel as if you're learning from a friend, having fun while learning.
We are so confident you'll enjoy this course, that we offer a 100% 30-day money-back guarantee through Udemy. If you're not happy with your purchase, we have no problem giving you your money back.
We are waiting to help you inside the course!
Remember, this is an online course, so you can take it at your own pace.?Are you busy right now??That's okay. Enroll today, and take the course at your own pace.
Thanks so much for your interest in our complete Adobe InDesign course.


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Telling the story of Luke Irwin's new collection
Experience: Design and prototyping, Motion and immersive content
Established in 2003, Luke Irwin specialises in the design and manufacture of handmade, bespoke rugs of the highest quality. Luke Irwin rugs adorn the residences of, among others, Barack Obama and the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge.
The company wanted to share the incredible story behind the launch of their new Mosaic Collection of rugs, inspired by the Deverill Roman Villa, through original content distributed via digital channels.
We created a series of videos centred around a 10 minute documentary 'hero' video for Luke Irwin rugs which told how the discovery of a 1,800 year old Roman mosaic beneath Luke Irwin's home in Wiltshire not only led to one of the most significant archaeological finds in 21st Century Britain but also inspired a new collection of luxury floor coverings based on the ancient mosaic designs.
As part of the project, we designed, modelled and animated a 3D rendered artist's impression of the Roman villa based on archaeological surveys of the site around Luke's home in peaceful Brixton Deverill.
How it went
The videos have so far received hundreds of thousands of organic views on YouTube and Facebook. They also helped Luke Irwin rugs gain national press coverage, including BBC News and Sky News, where parts of the 'hero' video and the 3D render featured in live broadcasts and across social media
Our motion content production expertise means that we can help you tell the important stories behind your brand, sharing your passion to inspire positive action among your key audiences.
organic views
estimated reach
web visits
Bringing boxing back to the big time with social video
We helped Cyclone Promotions engage over 2 million viewers with social video content promoting the Frampton vs Avalos fight. Read More
Inspiring new supporters with personalised experiences
Unicef UK is the United Kingdom branch of the world's largest children's charity. They were looking to build a digital experience for young children and their parents which would generate donations and capture the details of new supporters. Read More
Sharing a passion creates positive action
11 May 2016 | by Al Hutchison | CHARITY DIGITAL, MOTION CONTENT
The Hero, Hub, Hygiene model for content strategy
05 Jul 2016 | by Maria Padro | CHARITY DIGITAL, MOTION CONTENT
5 top digital marketing trends at DMexco 2016
15 Sep 2016 | by Simon Bates | DIGITAL STRATEGY, MOTION CONTENT


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Endacantha is een geslacht van vlinders van de familie spinners (Lasiocampidae).

Soorten
E. albovirgata De Lajonquière, 1970
E. cleptis (Hering, 1928)
E. moka De Lajonquière, 1970

Spinners


John's backcountry theme for 2019 is to hike all 37 wilderness areas in Colorado.
A 200 mile round-trip day hike is unusual, but this trail is not often seen by CMCers and will bag Cach la Poudre Wilderness Area for John. Because of the driving distance, we will only take one vehicle with four hikers.
From the Mountain Park Campground, take the trail nearest the river heading east then south to continue the loop up to and beyond Mount McConnel. We may not make the entire loop. But the views abound of Commanche Peak and the Mummy Range, the Stormy Peaks and much of Poudre Canyon.
This hike will be exploratory. Leader will not scout the trail.
Carpool arrangements will be completed a few days before the hike. Two days prior, the weather forecast and last minute details will be emailed to all members.
Our pace up the mountain will match that of our slowest hiker, which will likely be our leader.


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An Interview with New Board President, Jeff Williams
July 14, 2021 tacomaartmuseum
Incoming Tacoma Art Museum Board President, Jeff Williams
Tacoma resident, community leader, and founder of South Sound Property Group, we are honored to have Jeff Williams serve on TAM's Board of Trustees as Vice President. Starting in July 2021, we are excited to have Jeff serve as the incoming President of the Board.
Before his career in real estate, Jeff worked in sales and marketing for some of the world's leading corporations, including Colgate-Palmolive, Nestle, and Warner Brothers. Jeff began purchasing, renovating, and reselling historic homes in the Los Angeles area in 1993 and began working as a Realtor in 1999, first with Sotheby's International Realty in Pasadena and then with Windermere Professional Partners when he moved to Tacoma in 2010. In addition to serving on TAM's Board of Trustees since 2013, Jeff also serves on the Board of Trustees for the Pierce College Foundation and as a city commissioner on the Landmarks Preservation Commission.
Jeff and his partner Mark Pinto initially got involved with the Tacoma Art Museum after moving to the area from Los Angeles in 2010. "The Tacoma Art Museum was a big draw for us when we were considering a relocation to the area. I decided early on that I wanted to be more involved in the Museum after being impressed by the beautiful building and the quality of the exhibitions." Jeff reached out to the previous Executive Director, Stephanie Stebich, offering his time and quickly finding himself increasingly embedded in TAM and its programs.
When asked what motivated Jeff to take a more active role with TAM and serve as a Trustee, Jeff explained, "Mark and I started attending events at TAM not long after we moved from Los Angeles and were warmly welcomed by staff and other Museum members. We joined Collect 21 at the Museum, and with that group, we traveled to different cities throughout the Northwest to visit galleries and artist studios." Their participation in the group and events such as exhibition openings and the annual gala led Jeff to want to deepen his connection to the Museum further. "I thoroughly enjoyed the people we were meeting and, in fact, some of our closest friends are people we met because of our connection to TAM. It was through those introductions to the people in Museum leadership that motivated me to serve as a Trustee." At the time, it just so happened that a friend of Jeff, Alice Kaltinick, was serving on the Board of Trustees. "Alice encouraged my board membership, and for those that know Alice, I think you'll agree; you never say no to Alice."
Jeff Williams has been breeding and showing American Quarter Horses since 1983.
Since getting involved with TAM, Jeff has recognized the institution's role in the community. He has been consistently inspired by ongoing programs such Neighborhood Nights, which offers free admission and programming every Thursday evening. "I'm firmly convinced the Tacoma Art Museum is a welcoming place for everyone in our community, and anyone can visit for free on Thursdays to enjoy the exhibitions and special programming that takes place. Before COVID-19 and TAM's closure, those visiting on Thursday can be a part of a dance class led by Tacoma Urban Performing Arts Center, join special exhibition tours led by our phenomenal Education and Curatorial staff, as well as engage in programming developed for young adults each month by our Teen Art Council. On Thursday, there is something for everyone of any age at the Museum, and there is never a better time to be there."
Considering his tenure on the board and his future position as Board President starting in July 2021, Jeff has high hopes for seeing the Museum grow. "During my tenure, our board focus has been to make TAM accessible and approachable for everyone in our community. I see this happening through our exhibitions, educational outreach, and the frequent community events that take place at the Museum. Everything we accomplish is due to our incredible staff, volunteers, and supporters. Without them, our efforts would be impossible." He also notes the shift in focus he hopes TAM will have in light of its recent growth in the last few years. "We have also seen two major additions to the building during my board tenure, and I'm now hopeful we will be able to shift our emphasis from building additions to significantly increasing our endowment so that TAM's mission will be adequately funded to continue long after people like me are gone."
Interview•TAM Board
← In Memoriam – Benjamin Moore Connecting Kinsey and TAM: A History of the Exhibition →


Happy Monday my Loves! Guess what?! Thanksgiving is over, it's basically December, so that TOTALLY means that IT'S FREAKIN' CHRISTMASTIME!
Anyone who knows me knows Christmas is my absolute FAVORITE time of year! In fact, the entire month of December is dedicated to Christmas here on Savannah Said It. This post is one that I Klump clump together with all of my other Christmas posts, but I totally have to post about it a week early. If you've been with me since last year, you probably already know what this post is all about. But if not, you're about to find out about one of the very best Christmas celebrations in the state of Michigan!
Next weekend, in my beautiful hometown of Manistee, Michigan is the 29th Annual Sleighbell Parade and Old Christmas Weekend!
Now, if you read last year's post, you can totally skip over most of this post. (That's right. I'm copying and pasting because I'm #lazy this Monday morning.) But if not… let's start with a bit of a backstory. Shall we?
Have you ever wanted to step back in time? Like, wish you could go back and celebrate a holiday in a different era where everything was a little bit simpler, buying the perfect gift didn't matter, and spending time with your family was the number one thing on everyone's wish list? I have.
When I was little, one Christmas, I asked Santa for my very first American Girl Doll. I wanted Samantha SO BADLY. I was super worried that Santa wasn't going to bring her for me, and I would be crushed. However, Santa pulled through (as always) and there she was under my Christmas tree on Christmas morning. Not only did he bring me Samantha, he brought me all her books, her bed and her clothes. I was beyond excited. Thinking back, that is still the Christmas morning I remember most clearly, and that memory still makes me so dang happy.
Now I'm not sure if my love for this holiday celebration stems from my love for my hometown, my love for Christmas, or the fact that this parade literally brought Samantha's world to life for me, but it doesn't matter. I'm telling you right now, this parade is something you need to see at least once in your life, no matter who you are.
To visit Manistee the first weekend in December is to take a step back in time. You'll see carolers lined up downtown in beautiful Victorian outfits. There are horse drawn carriages, reindeer, Christmas trees, Santa Claus and of course, the parade ending with a 30 foot Christmas tree being pulled down Riverstreet by draft horses.
Sounds pretty picture perfect, doesn't it? Trust me. You will NOT regret a weekend getaway to Manistee for Sleighbell Weekend.
But how exactly do you navigate this small town festival? Lucky for you, I've got the inside scoop!
The Dates. Manistee's Victorian Sleighbell Parade and Holiday Weekend begins this Thursday, December 1st and goes until Sunday December 4th.
Stay, Eat, Drink and Play. A while ago, I did a Mitten Monday on my hometown. Whether it's the summer time, or Sleighbell Weekend, I will ALWAYS recommend the same places to stay, eat, drink and play. Check out my Manistee City Guide here.
The Parade. The Crown Jewel of the weekend is for sure the parade. It's the one thing that everyone comes into town for, the other events are just small bonuses. People come from all over the country for this unique experience. That being said, it can be crowded and kind of crazy. If you want the BEST parade experience, heres what you do!
Don't show up last minute. People starting lining their chairs up really really early in the morning for this. If you show up last minute, you're going to get stuck in the back. And I don't mean just behind one other person, the sidewalk fills completely up.
Don't leave too early. Stay for the whole thing, no matter how cold you are! There is usually a surprise at the end. But to see it, you're going to have to follow the tree (a tradition) to the end of Riverstreet. Watch out for horse poop, and hold on to your loved ones tight! PS… the surprise may or may not be fireworks.
Don't expect to eat downtown after. Downtown is crazy after the parade! But honestly, you can expect to wait at all the local restaurants. Our favorite tradition is to call and order take out from Chows, just as the fireworks are finishing up, picking it up, and taking it home to eat while we watch Love Actually.
Dress warm. Some years, we have been graced with beautiful weather, where all you needed was a coat and hat. Other years, you need a snow suit and you're still not warm enough. I always recommend dressing in layers, and getting hand warmers. Also, a hat, gloves and mittens are a must!
Park away from the mess. Since all of the parking for our downtown area is along River Street, parking ends up being super crazy at parade time. You obviously can't park on River Street so you have to find somewhere else. Don't try to park at the end of the parade route like everyone else. Bring your walking shoes and park somewhere near downtown.
Pick your spot. Check out downtown before the parade to choose your favorite spot. My family always sits by The Vouge Theater, however, you won't have a bad seat no matter where you choose! Also, be aware that they live broadcast the parade! So if you don't want to be by the cameras and lights, steer clear of the broadcast are.
Don't eat the chestnuts. Chestnuts roasting on an open fire are gross. 'Nuff said. However, they do keep your hands warm if you put them in your pockets.
The Can't Miss Events. While the parade is the number one thing people come to see, there are plenty of other events to keep you busy while you're in town. Here are a few of my favorites!
And of course… a visit to Santa.
So come meet me for some chestnuts roasting on the open fire and a step back in time!
Alright guys, I'm off to work! Have a fantastic Monday!!
Until Next Year, Hocking Hills!
Those onesies!!! I love them!


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Biography / Singers
Billie Eilish | Biography, Age, Height, Education, Net Worth (2022), Family, Boyfriend | American Singer
About Billie Eilish
Billie Eilish is an American singer & songwriter. her full real name is "Billie Eilish Pirate Baird O'Connell". she was born on December 18, 2001. at Highland Park, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A. As of 2022, billie is 20 years old with around 5 feet and 3 inches tall in height.
Full real name Billie Eilish Pirate Baird O'Connell
Profession singer-songwriter
Birth Place Highland Park, Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Height 5 feet and 3 icnhes
Brother Finneas O'Connell
Father Patrick O'Connell
Mother Maggie Baird
Net Worth (2022) $10 Million
Education homeschooled
Married/Husband No
Relationship Single
Personality Very Understanding
Billie Eilish's Family Members & Education
Billie Eilish's parents are from the entertainment industry. her father's name is "Patrick O'Connel" and her mother's name is "Maggie Baird". she has one elder brother named "Finneas O'Connell" who is also a singer and popularly known as "Finneas".
Eilish has never joined regular school classes. she never went to school and college. however, she was homeschooled by their parents. at the age of eight, she joined the Los Angeles Children's Chorus youth organization and started learning, writing, and performing various songs. she is currently living her dream along with studying.
Billie Eilish Net Worth & Boyfriend
As her family background is from the entertainment and music field, that's why, from the beginning of her early age, she started to write and perform her songs. she is earning lots of wealth, As of 2022, Eilish's total net worth is roughly estimated at around $10 Million (self-earned). she is very young, though, she is directly and indirectly actively involved in donations and charity.
Billie Eilish loves to spend her spare time writing, reading, and traveling. she unmarried and has no children yet. when it comes to love affairs and relationships. she is completely single till now and has no boyfriend. as she is so beautiful and talented, sooner or later, she would definitely find her loved one. be in touch with us, we will update you very soon.
Read the full biography of Sigrid
Read the full biography of Taylor Swift
Instagram Account
Birthday Dec 18 , 2001
Profession Singer
Birthplace Highland Park, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A


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Nitro Fever Hits Bottles
By: Jim Dykstra
#nitro milk stout
#method of making beer
#beer gas
Nitro beer sounds like a power adjunct borrowed from Wrestlemania or maybe even drag racing's Nitro Funny Cars.
When it comes to beer, the term "nitro", or N2, refers to an alternative method of making beer bubbly. Typically, brewers use carbonation, either by bottle conditioning or through a process known as force carbonation. Getting N2 into a beer is trickier than CO2, as it is about eighty times less soluble in liquid. There is no way to bottle condition a beer with nitrogen. It can't be produced naturally, and therefore must be forced into the beer.
On draft, nitro beer is typically pumped with a 75 percent nitrogen and 25 percent carbon solution. This mixture is known colloquially as beer gas, or Guinness gas. The use of carbon mixed with nitrogen keeps the beer from going flat. Before it reaches the glass, it is shoved through a "restrictor plate", a perforated disk which agitates the nitrogen, producing the copious froth for which nitro is known.
Credit has to be given to Guinness, which singlehandedly pioneered the effort to bring nitro to fruition. The Guinness efforts began in the mid-1940's, not long after metal kegs were introduced. The company found nitrogen desirable due to its lack of odor and color. It was also quite stable, resulting in a longer lasting head. Because it is so much less soluble in water, nitrogen has more trouble dissolving through bubble walls and remains comfortably trapped within beer. The proportion of N2 in beer is also very similar to the amount in our atmosphere, making it less prone to escape.
By 1964, Guinness had successfully produced the draft style so commonly associated with its flagship brew. But Guinness wanted to make nitro available at home and it was a bit of a headache. The researchers struggled to find a method where the drinker didn't have to actively engage the nitrogen to create a head. Their history of research and design foibles reads like a WWII spy-gadget compendium, including syringe-like devices and ultrasonic cup holders designed to initiate the nitrogenation process.
The breakthrough came with the creation of the "widget," a small, hollow piece of plastic with a tiny hole in it. The widget is inserted into the can along with a small amount of liquid nitrogen and the can is quickly sealed. The nitrogen then vaporizes and expands, forcing a small amount of air and beer into the widget, and dissolving the rest of the nitrogen into the beer. When a can or bottle is opened, that pressure is rapidly released, along with the N2 and beer in the widget. The gas surges upward, creating the foamy head.
Other brands, notably Boddington's Pub Ale, have also introduced a widget. The principle remains the same – a plastic, sphere-shaped container with tiny holes that allow nitrogen and beer to fill it during the canning process. The N2 rushes out through a nozzle-like opening when the can is opened, boosting the foaming action much in the same way as the perforated plate on a tap.
But what about the taste?
Carbon reacts chemically with beer to form a slightly acidic flavor profile, accentuated by larger and more "prickly" bubbles. Nitrogen is inert, which translates to what some might consider a flatter taste profile. Hops especially are numbed without carbon's punch. On the upside, the dulling of hops allows often overpowered malts to shine, which works well with stouts and other darker selections. And then there's the mouthfeel, which is undeniably creamy and smooth, like an ice cream float in beer form. The change in flavor-focus is a polarizing subject among craft brewers and drinkers alike.
In an act of scientific martyrdom, I compared Left Hand's regular Milk Stout with its Nitro brethren. Admittedly, I was already a fan of the carbonated version, but the choice wasn't random. Aside from being one of the only beers readily available in both forms, Left Hand claims the title of being the first brewery in North America to sell a bottled nitro beer. And they do it without a widget. Exactly how is a bit of a secret.
Poured side by side at a temperature of about 45 degrees, the first thing I notice is the head, which lingers longer (seemingly indefinitely) on the Nitro. I can hear the earnest fizz of some carbonation, but the N2 cascades in silence. I sip the regular Milk Stout. Hops peek out briefly before disappearing in a vortex of smoky, roasty, and cereal-like malts. I take a draw of the Nitro. It's very smooth, but all the flavors so evident in the regular milk stout are muted. The hops are practically nonexistent. I continue oscillating between the two, though my mouth is confused, and I feel somewhat unsatisfied as a result.
I'm halfway through both beers and having trouble understanding the appeal of nitrogen, aside from its texture. Unsurprisingly, I begin to relax a little. I stop trying to actively discern the difference, letting both linger longer. In this state, the Nitro makes its move. The Nitro Milk Stout has a much better finish. Nitro exists independently of the beer itself, while carbonation is chemically linked with the beer. The regular Milk Stout ends with the familiar carbonic bite, while the Nitro finishes with malts. What many consider a Frankenstein-ish abomination could actually be allowing you to taste the flavors of your beer in a more natural state.
The N2 has no taste; it's purely for the mouthfeel. Thus, you should drink it differently than how you would drink a carbonated beer. Swishing and tonguing it aren't going to add to the flavor. Let it sit on your tongue and make its statement. Which style you choose will depend on the kind of statement you want to hear. Nitro's subtle taste character and drinkability lend it to casual sessions and refreshment, but if you're looking for unabashed statements of malts and hops, stick with carbonation.
The use of nitrogen in beers is still in its fetal stages. It's difficult to make, especially considering a less than firm footing in the craft beer market. It is patently different from carbonated beer, and easily misunderstood. Yet it is aesthetically pleasing to the eye and mouth. There's a lot of potential for N2 to clarify overpowering beers in terms of taste. Think Russian imperial stouts, for example. Nowadays, you can reasonably expect to find a nitro tap at a respectable dispensary of beer. Draft nitros have gained better footing on the West Coast, but a thorough search should turn up a few in any part of the country. More breweries are coming out with canned versions as well, including the Oskar Blues and Sierra Nevada brands. Many British brewers offer the same nitro technology Guinness uses, such as Young's, Murphy's, and Old Speckled Hen.
See for yourself which style deserves the title belt. You don't have to be macho to enjoy a nitro beer. Just sit back and let the flavor come to you.


Rachel is an aspiring actress starting to audition for films and during December I had to opportunity to capture her. The sun was perfect for the impromptu shoot and so was she!
Eliza is a future Broadway star, and I recently had the privilege to travel to New York and take head shots for her. She is so beautiful and I had a blast shooting with her!