text:
Isotopes of californium
(Redirected from Californium-252)
Californium (98Cf) is an artificial element, and thus a standard atomic weight cannot be given. Like all artificial elements, it has no stable isotopes. The first isotope to be synthesized was 245Cf in 1950. There are 20 known radioisotopes ranging from 237Cf to 256Cf and one nuclear isomer, 249mCf. The longest-lived isotope is 251Cf with a half-life of 900 years.
Main isotopes of californium (98Cf)
Isotope
abundance
half-life (t1/2)
product
syn 333.5 d α (100%) 244Cm
SF (2.9×10−3%) –
syn 351 y α (100%) 245Cm
syn 13.08 y α (99.92%) 246Cm
SF (0.08%) –
syn 898 y α 247Cm
syn 2.645 y α (96.91%) 248Cm
syn 17.81 d β− (99.69%) 253Es
α (0.31%) 249Cm
syn 60.5 d SF (99.69%) –
List of isotopesEdit
[n 1]
Isotopic mass (u)
[n 2][n 3]
Spin and
Excitation energy
237Cf 98 139 237.06207(54)# 2.1(3) s SF (various) 5/2+#
β+ 237Bk
α 233Cm
238Cf 98 140 238.06141(43)# 21.1(13) ms SF [n 7] (various) 0+
β+ (rare) 238Bk
α (rare) 234Cm
239Cf 98 141 239.06242(23)# 60(30) s
[39(+37−12) s] α 235Cm 5/2+#
240Cf 98 142 240.06230(22)# 1.06(15) min α (98%) 236Cm 0+
SF (2%) (various)
241Cf 98 143 241.06373(27)# 3.78(70) min β+ (75%) 241Bk 7/2−#
α (25%) 237Cm
242Cf 98 144 242.06370(4) 3.49(15) min α (80%) 238Cm 0+
β+ (20%) 242Bk
SF (.014%) (various)
243Cf 98 145 243.06543(15)# 10.7(5) min β+ (86%) 243Bk (1/2+)
244Cf 98 146 244.066001(3) 19.4(6) min α (99%) 240Cm 0+
EC (1%) 244Bk
245Cf 98 147 245.068049(3) 45.0(15) min β+ (64%) 245Bk (5/2+)
246Cf 98 148 246.0688053(22) 35.7(5) h α 242Cm 0+
EC (5×10−4%) 246Bk
SF (2×10−4%) (various)
247Cf 98 149 247.071001(9) 3.11(3) h EC (99.96%) 247Bk (7/2+)#
α (.04%) 243Cm
248Cf 98 150 248.072185(6) 333.5(28) d α (99.99%) 244Cm 0+
SF (.0029%) (various)
249Cf 98 151 249.0748535(24) 351(2) y α 245Cm 9/2−
249mCf 144.98(5) keV 45(5) µs 5/2+
250Cf 98 152 250.0764061(22) 13.08(9) y α (99.92%) 246Cm 0+
251Cf[n 8] 98 153 251.079587(5) 900(40) y α 247Cm 1/2+
252Cf[n 9] 98 154 252.081626(5) 2.645(8) y α (96.9%) 248Cm 0+
SF (3.09%)[n 10] (various)
253Cf 98 155 253.085133(7) 17.81(8) d β− (99.69%) 253Es (7/2+)
254Cf 98 156 254.087323(13) 60.5(2) d SF (99.69%) (various) 0+
β−β− (rare) 254Fm
255Cf 98 157 255.09105(22)# 85(18) min β− (99.99%) 255Es (7/2+)
α (10−5%) 251Cm
256Cf 98 158 256.09344(32)# 12.3(12) min SF (~100%) (various) 0+
^ mCf – Excited nuclear isomer.
^ ( ) – Uncertainty (1σ) is given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits.
^ # – Atomic mass marked #: value and uncertainty derived not from purely experimental data, but at least partly from trends from the Mass Surface (TMS).
^ Modes of decay:
EC: Electron capture
SF: Spontaneous fission
^ ( ) spin value – Indicates spin with weak assignment arguments.
^ # – Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from trends of neighboring nuclides (TNN).
^ Lightest nuclide known to undergo spontaneous fission as the main decay mode
^ High neutron cross-section, tends to absorb neutrons
^ Most common isotope
^ High neutron emitter, average 3.7 neutrons per fission
Actinides vs fission productsEdit
Actinides and fission products by half-life
Actinides[1] by decay chain
range (y)
Fission products of 235U by yield[2]
4n 4n+1 4n+2 4n+3
4.5–7% 0.04–1.25% <0.001%
228Ra№
† 155Euþ
244Cmƒ 241Puƒ 250Cf 227Ac№
90Sr 85Kr 113mCdþ
232Uƒ 238Puƒ 243Cmƒ
137Cs 151Smþ 121mSn
248Bk[3] 249Cfƒ 242mAmƒ
No fission products
have a half-life
in the range of
100–210 k years ...
241Amƒ 251Cfƒ[4]
226Ra№ 247Bk
1.3 k – 1.6 k
240Pu 229Th 246Cmƒ 243Amƒ
245Cmƒ 250Cm
239Puƒ
230Th№ 231Pa№
32 k – 76 k
236Npƒ 233Uƒ 234U№
150 k – 250 k
‡ 99Tc₡ 126Sn
248Cm 242Pu
79Se₡
93Zr
237Npƒ
2.1 M – 6.5 M
135Cs₡ 107Pd
236U 247Cmƒ
15 M – 24 M
129I₡
244Pu№
... nor beyond 15.7 M years[5]
232Th№ 238U№ 235Uƒ№
0.7 G – 14.1 G
Legend for superscript symbols
₡ has thermal neutron capture cross section in the range of 8–50 barns
ƒ fissile
m metastable isomer
№ primarily a naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM)
þ neutron poison (thermal neutron capture cross section greater than 3k barns)
† range 4–97 y: Medium-lived fission product
‡ over 200,000 y: Long-lived fission product
Californium-252Edit
Californium-252 (Cf-252) undergoes spontaneous fission and is used in small sized neutron sources. Fission neutrons have an energy range of 0 to 13 MeV with a mean value of 2.3 MeV and a most probable value of 1 MeV.[6]
This isotope produces high neutron emissions and can be used for a number of applications in industries such as nuclear energy, medicine, and petrochemical exploration.
Nuclear reactorsEdit
The neutron sources produced from Cf-252 are most notably used in the start-up of nuclear reactors. Once a reactor is filled with nuclear fuel, the stable neutron emissions from the source material initiates the fission chain reaction.
Military and defenseEdit
The portable isotopic neutron spectroscopy (PINS) used by United States Armed Forces, the National Guard, Homeland Security, and U.S. Customs and Border Protection, employs the use of Cf-252 sources to detect hazardous contents found inside artillery projectiles, mortar projectiles, rockets, bombs, land mines, and improvised explosive devices (IED).[7][8]
Oil and petroleumEdit
In the oil industry, Cf-252 neutron sources are used to find layers of petroleum and water in a well. Instrumentation is lowered into the well which bombards the formation with high energy neutrons to determine porosity, permeability, and hydrocarbon presence along the length of the borehole.[9]
MedicineEdit
Californium-252 has also been used in the treatment of serious forms of cancer. In patients suffering from certain types of brain and cervical cancer, Cf-252 can be used as a more cost-effective substitute for radium.[10]
^ Plus radium (element 88). While actually a sub-actinide, it immediately precedes actinium (89) and follows a three-element gap of instability after polonium (84) where no nuclides have half-lives of at least four years (the longest-lived nuclide in the gap is radon-222 with a half life of less than four days). Radium's longest lived isotope, at 1,600 years, thus merits the element's inclusion here.
^ Specifically from thermal neutron fission of U-235, e.g. in a typical nuclear reactor.
^ Milsted, J.; Friedman, A. M.; Stevens, C. M. (1965). "The alpha half-life of berkelium-247; a new long-lived isomer of berkelium-248". Nuclear Physics. 71 (2): 299. Bibcode:1965NucPh..71..299M. doi:10.1016/0029-5582(65)90719-4.
"The isotopic analyses disclosed a species of mass 248 in constant abundance in three samples analysed over a period of about 10 months. This was ascribed to an isomer of Bk248 with a half-life greater than 9 y. No growth of Cf248 was detected, and a lower limit for the β− half-life can be set at about 104 y. No alpha activity attributable to the new isomer has been detected; the alpha half-life is probably greater than 300 y."
^ This is the heaviest nuclide with a half-life of at least four years before the "Sea of Instability".
^ Excluding those "classically stable" nuclides with half-lives significantly in excess of 232Th; e.g., while 113mCd has a half-life of only fourteen years, that of 113Cd is nearly eight quadrillion years.
^ Dicello, J. F.; Gross, W.; Kraljevic, U. (1972). "Radiation Quality of Californium-252". Physics in Medicine and Biology. 17 (3): 345. Bibcode:1972PMB....17..345D. doi:10.1088/0031-9155/17/3/301.
^ "Portable Isotopic Neutron Spectroscopy (PINS) for the Military". Frontier Technology Corp. Retrieved 2016-02-24.
^ Martin, R. C.; Knauer, J. B.; Balo, P. A. (2000-11-01). "Production, distribution and applications of californium-252 neutron sources". Applied Radiation and Isotopes: Including Data, Instrumentation and Methods for Use in Agriculture, Industry and Medicine. 53 (4–5): 785–792. doi:10.1016/s0969-8043(00)00214-1. ISSN 0969-8043. PMID 11003521.
^ "Californium-252 & Antimony-Beryllium Sources". Frontier Technology Corp. Retrieved 2016-02-24.
^ Maruyama, Y.; van Nagell, J. R.; Yoneda, J.; Donaldson, E.; Hanson, M.; Martin, A.; Wilson, L. C.; Coffey, C. W.; Feola, J. (1984-10-01). "Five-year cure of cervical cancer treated using californium-252 neutron brachytherapy". American Journal of Clinical Oncology. 7 (5): 487–493. doi:10.1097/00000421-198410000-00018. ISSN 0277-3732. PMID 6391143.
Isotope masses from:
Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean; Wapstra, Aaldert Hendrik (2003), "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties", Nuclear Physics A, 729: 3–128, Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A, doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001
Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from:
de Laeter, John Robert; Böhlke, John Karl; De Bièvre, Paul; Hidaka, Hiroshi; Peiser, H. Steffen; Rosman, Kevin J. R.; Taylor, Philip D. P. (2003). "Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 75 (6): 683–800. doi:10.1351/pac200375060683.
Wieser, Michael E. (2006). "Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 78 (11): 2051–2066. doi:10.1351/pac200678112051. Lay summary.
Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources.
National Nuclear Data Center. "NuDat 2.x database". Brookhaven National Laboratory.
Holden, Norman E. (2004). "11. Table of the Isotopes". In Lide, David R. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-0485-9.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Isotopes_of_californium&oldid=906375161#Californium-252"


A wrongful death results from the negligence or other unjust action on the part of another person, company, or entity. It is not only heartbreaking, but there will never be that chance to say goodbye. We know it is difficult to face reality head on and to file a wrongful death lawsuit; no compensation will replace the loss of a loved one. However, it can help replace the loss of income earned, pay medical bills, funeral costs, and just maybe, some emotional anguish.
There is a famous quote by Plato – Good people do not need laws to tell them to act with responsibility, while bad people will find a way around the laws.
One thing you will learn early on is that the big businesses and insurance companies care only about themselves. They have the deep pockets and will do everything in their power to deny, delay, and defend. They have the staying power to force an early settlement so they will drag out the process as long as possible. The plaintiff may feel pressure to accept a low-ball offer as substantial and unexpected financial problems take their toll. But, the plaintiff's attorney needs more time and is advising against an early settlement. Without some financial reprieve, the plaintiff is between a rock and a hard place.
The lawsuit funding expert knows justice will not be served if a plaintiff's financial situation prevented them from pursuing full compensation for the loss of their loved one. A lawsuit cash advance can help the plaintiff pay monthly bills, medical expenses, mortgage, rent, car and funeral expenses. With lawsuit funding, there are no monthly fees, no credit checks, not employment history verification. Best of all, it is a non-recourse cash advance, meaning that if you lose your case, you owe nothing; keep the advance free, with no obligation to the funding company.
If you have filed a wrongful death lawsuit and are considering accepting a low-ball settlement from a greedy insurance company, you may benefit from lawsuit funding. Don't settle for less; contact the lawsuit funding expert!


Many fans have some concern and are asking questions. Is our defense missing Pronger and do we need to make a trade for an upgrade? Is Ilya Bryzgalov the goalie we asked for when he signed the 9 year, 50+ million dollar contract? Where is the JVR from last years' playoffs? All valid questions and a lot of fans who have posted on several message boards are worried and upset. Also for a lot of those forum posters who are quick to post before they think, I'll walk you through some of the issues and why we shouldn't be too concerned. Over the next three days we'll cover these topics. Today we'll look at the Defense.
I'm always concerned about the Flyers defense with or without Pronger. The Flyers have some serious depth at defense which include; Erik Gustafsson, Marc-Andre Burdon, and Kevin Marshall. All of these players have shown they can carry their own in the NHL. I actually think Burdon and Marshall are better than some of our veteran players.
If you break it down, Kimmo Timmonen has carried much of the load. He's a warrior, who spends his off days working on his conditioning and prepping for the next game. His defensive-mind is much like Pronger's and is a huge team leader both on and off the ice. He is our number one without Pronger. Then there is Matt Carle, who's been Pronger's partner. He plays really well and seems to be getting more mature on the blue line, game in and game out. The mistakes that he used to make are becoming more of ancient history. The Flyers will need him to continue this type of play to continue their success. Andrej Meszaros has finally come out of his early season funk and is looking like the Defenseman we saw last season. I'd currently rank him 2nd next to Timmonen on the squad. He's been playing the puck well, creating turnovers and he like to carry the puck and create chances.
The defensemen who scare me are Andreas Lijia and Brayden Coburn. Coburn, shows flashes of greatness from time to time. His skate speed is his biggest asset. He also can clear the porch if the opportunity arises. However he is constantly turning over the puck in his own zone and several times it has led to goals. He'll also take his eye off his man in the zone and cover someone else's man, leaving him open in front of the goalie. That all can't be blamed on him however, it is a lapse in communication. Whether it's on his part or a teammates' your communication needs to be established when you're defending your zone. Bryzgalov threw his D-men under the bus earlier this season, claiming they had a communication problem. (This came after Bryzgalov played the puck to Coburn, but Coburn didn't take it, thus leading to a goal.) Coburn is a streaky defenseman, who can play very well, but can cost you a goal.
Lijia has been a downgrade from Sean O'Donnell who signed with Chicago during the offseason. Lijia lacks speed and his defensive sense is more on an AHL Level. During his injury, his presence wasn't missed at all, and since his return, he has struggled as the sixth defenseman. I wouldn't be surprised one, Gustafsson returns from injury, we'll see him scratch in favor of Burdon or maybe even Marshall if he is called back up. For now, both Lijia and Coburn need to find their strengths and ride them. The coaching staff also needs to point out their weaknesses and help them develop. The great thing about a professional hockey player is that they never stop developing until they hang their skates up. Every game is a learning opportunity.
With the Flyers depth at Defense and playing well, minus the little spurt they've had over the last five games, I don't see them making a move. Most Flyer fans have been calling for a trade that would bring in Shea Webber. I don't see that happening for several reasons. Reason one, being he's out with a concussion. Before his injury I still didn't see him being moved. For one, he has one season left on his contract. The Flyers would also have to move major salary in order to get him on the roster. I don't see the Flyers moving a core player for a rental player. With Pronger coming back next year, Weber would not sign in the offseason. I can't see that helping the team, even short term. I also don't see them trading for anyone, personally. The Flyers have played very well without Pronger and with the defensive depth I think they'll be just fine. Each team is going to have their droughts and I'm comfortable with them having it at Christmas, rather than April.
Tomorrow we'll look at Bryzgalov and is he really to blame for the Flyers' current sinking streak? Look for tomorrow's blog.
Next entry Flyers Goalie Woes or are we missing the big picture?


As always, please contact your doctor before adding or discontinuing any medical treatment.
Without more specific information I can only speculate but let me try to give you some information that may be of help.
exceeds 60%. The good news however is that recurrent severe preeclampsia or recurrent HELLP Syndrome has a much lower recurrence risk, ranging from 5-15%. Also, if placental infarct is the only placental abnormality, then this finding may actually be more a result of the process that led to your developing HELLP than the cause of the HELLP. Lastly, while no clear preventive strategies have been proven to be successful in all cases, I see no harm in pursuing a course of calcium supplementation, Vitamins C and E ( which may be taken orally, injections are not necessary), and low dose aspirin, after you have discussed the relative risks and benefits of these strategies with your physician.
Two years ago I had HELLP and was force to deliver my baby at 27 weeks of pregnancy. She weighed 600 grammes. I was 31 years old.
I would like to know what are the risks of reoccurance considering the following factors: I had a malformation of the placenta and an infractus of it. I am now 33 years old and would like to know if age is a factor.
Also, I would like to know if injections of vitamines C during the second and third semester really plays a role in the outcomes as well as baby aspirin and monitoring of the placenta formation.


First Sundays, 7:00 p.m., St. Bede's Episcopal Church, 2601 Henderson Mill Rd, Atlanta, GA 30345. (770) 938-9797. There will be a labyrinth to walk during the service. http://www.stbedes.org.
First Mondays, 8:00 p.m. There is no prayer on the first Monday at this time.
Third Mondays, 8:00 p.m., Cathedral of Saint Philip, 2744 Peachtree Road, Atlanta, GA (Bulkhead), https://www.stphilipscathedral.org. There is a monthly labyrinth walk from 7:00-8:00 before the prayer. An introduction to how to walk the labyrinth is at 6:30.


text:
Residents near proposed Boston Flats eco-depot worried about leaching, water quality
By Chad Klassen
Image Credit: CFJC Today
KAMLOOPS — With the Cache Creek landfill set to re-open in the next couple months and only accepting commercial waste, the Thompson-Nicola Regional District has been planning a location for a new, more permanent eco-depot for area residents.
Currently, they dump their garbage and recycling at a temporary site near the landfill, but the district wants to move it south, closer to Ashcroft.
"The eco-depot is for residents, small- and medium-sized businesses, so it's a collection point for garbage and recyclables," said TNRD environment manager Jamie Vieira. "I should clarify, nothing gets landfilled at the site. Everything gets hauled offsite to the landfill or for final processing."
But the plan to put the eco-depot between Cache Creek and Ashcroft, next to Highway 1, is not sitting well with residents who live nearby.
"This will affect debris and runoff and just toxins of whatever into the Bonaparte River," said area resident Gord Fehr. "If you have that situated here and you get the runoff going into the Bonaparte, even just down the banks, Jack and Diana just across the road, their well is right at the bottom of the bank, so that would go straight into their water system."
The residents say the wind in this corridor between Ashcroft and Cache Creek could create major issues.
"The debris that's going to be blown around from this thing, and they say it's going to be manned, but there's no way you're going to catch any kind of paper or debris that blows away. It's just gone," noted Fehr.
Another area resident, Linda Holland, who lives directly below the proposed site, says the 2017 wildfires have led to more flash flooding. She notes a lot of debris ends up on her property, and the fear is any remnants of garbage or chemicals from the eco-depot will be deposited there as well.
"If there are chemicals that are coming or waste that's coming from any of the containers, or from items that are dropped at the site, I'm afraid that's going to leach down through the soil into my property, into the Bonaparte River, and into my potable well," said Holland.
Last Thursday, the TNRD board voted unanimously against a plan to rezone the property during a public hearing. The sale of the land is subject to rezoning, but area director Steve Rice says more residents need to be informed about the plan.
"Whether you agreed or didn't agree with the site, I think consultation was the issue," Rice told CFJC Today on Monday. "And that's why, for the first time in my seven years that I can remember, there was a unanimous 'no' vote because we need to go back to the drawing board, maybe not with the site — possibly with the site, too — but we need to talk to these people before we do anything."
The residents say they're not against an eco-depot, just not in this location. The TNRD plans to hold a meeting in Ashcroft or Cache Creek in the near future.
Neighbour opposes TNRD's push for potentially hazardous Boston Flats eco-depot
Burning Bright display illuminates impact of overdose crisis in the Interior
KAMLOOPS — A travelling candle display has arrived in Kamloops, shining a light on the lives lost...
Tumbler Ridge grandma celebrates $10M Lotto win
KAMLOOPS — A woman from Tumbler Ridge has won $10 million after buying a winning Lotto 6/49 ticket...
Former Mayor and MLA to seek Liberal nomination in Kamloops-Thompson-Cariboo
KAMLOOPS —It's now official. Former Kamloops Mayor and Kamloops North Thompson MLA Terry Lake has...
Accused in Salmon Arm church shooting has court case adjourned for 2 weeks
Police identify body of woman found in Okanagan Lake

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


A beach holiday in the tropics starts at Villa Windu Sari. From this well positioned villa, you're just a skip away from Petitenget beach, where a day of surfing, watersports and frolicking along the beach await.
Head back to your villa to rinse off the sand and salt after a day of coastal fun, before rounding out your night with dinner and drinks at one of the nearby dining establishments lining the streets of Seminyak. Cultural buffs will be keen to explore the nearby Pura Petitenget, the fourth largest temple in Bali, for a slice of the island's rich culture and history.
A beautiful turquoise pool sparkles inviting under the sun. A row of patio umbrellas and recliners are laid out on the deck, tempting vacationers into curling up with a book, taking shaded siestas or enjoying icy cocktails by the poolside. Can't snag a spot on the pillowy recliners? Go for the poolside gazebo, where you'll relax in comfort upon a daybed littered with cushy throw pillows.
Kickstart your day with a complimentary American breakfast at a spacious dining table encircled by rattan chairs. The villa wraps itself around the pool, so you'll enjoy views out to the cobalt waters and garden from within.
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Eight guests are welcomed in four finely appointed bedrooms. Materials like teakwood and marble are used to give the private living spaces an opulent vibe, while floor rugs, accent chairs and bed linen in rich colours and elaborate prints enliven the interiors. All bedrooms offer air conditioned comfort and private en suites.


June 13 about 4 a.m. our power went out and our generator came on. At about 5 our carbon monoxide detector woke us up and we called the Eastham Fire Department.
It took them a good half-hour to arrive because our street sign had been stolen and the town won't replace it because we live on a private road, although we pay taxes like everyone else. If this had been a fire or medical emergency, the results could have been different.
Nevertheless, I want to thank firemen Kyle Morse and Jim McGrath for their excellent efforts and advice.


text:
describe DownloadSubmissionsJob do
  let(:assignment) { create :assignment }
  let(:groupings) do
    create_list(:grouping_with_inviter, 3, assignment: assignment).map do |grouping|
      gid = grouping.id
      submit_file(assignment, grouping, "file#{gid}", "file#{gid}'s content\n")
      grouping
    end
  end

  context 'when running as a background job' do
    let(:job_args) { [groupings.map(&:id), 'zip_path.zip', assignment.id] }
    include_examples 'background job'
  end

  let(:groupings_without_files) { create_list :grouping, 3 }

  it 'should create a zip file containing all submission files for the given groupings' do
    zip_path = 'tmp/test_file.zip'
    DownloadSubmissionsJob.perform_now(groupings.map(&:id), zip_path, assignment.id, assignment.course.id)
    Zip::File.open(zip_path) do |zip_file|
      groupings.each do |grouping|
        gid = grouping.id
        zip_entry = Pathname.new(grouping.group.group_name) + "file#{gid}"
        expect(zip_file.find_entry(zip_entry)).to_not be_nil
        expect("file#{gid}'s content\n").to eq(zip_file.read(zip_entry))
      end
    end
  end

  it 'should skip files for groupings that do not have a submission for that assignment' do
    zip_path = 'tmp/test_file.zip'
    DownloadSubmissionsJob.perform_now(groupings_without_files.map(&:id), zip_path, assignment.id, assignment.course.id)
    Zip::File.open(zip_path) do |zip_file|
      groupings_without_files.each do |grouping|
        gid = grouping.id
        zip_entry = Pathname.new(grouping.group.group_name) + "file#{gid}"
        expect(zip_file.find_entry(zip_entry)).to be_nil
      end
    end
  end

  it 'should remove the previous zip file if it exists' do
    zip_path = 'tmp/test_file.zip'
    before_text = 'the before text'
    File.write(zip_path, before_text)
    DownloadSubmissionsJob.perform_now(groupings.map(&:id), zip_path, assignment.id, assignment.course.id)
    expect(File.read(zip_path)).not_to eq before_text
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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There is something about the Transit of Venus that touches the imagination in ways that are not all to do with astronomy. The last Transit occurred in 2012, and if nobody who watched it will ever see another, the sight of that small black dot, making its almost imperceptible progress across the disc of the sun, offered, across the span of 243 years, an oddly moving connection with the scientists and sailors who quartered the globe and, sometimes, risked their lives in 1769 to attempt the first comprehensive observations of the event.
a rare instance of people undertaking the simple action of pausing, looking and counting across dispersed space. As Cook and Green sat on their chairs in Fort Venus… Jeremiah Dixon was gazing upwards from Hammerfest Island in the Arctic Circle, and William Wales was peering through a telescope at Hudson's Bay. In Newport, Rhode Island, Revd Ezra Stiles braced himself for the observation. Nearby in Cambridge, New England John Winthrop, professor of mathematics at Harvard, looked though smoked glass at the sun, as did Maskelyne at Greenwich London.
The prize for success was the mathematical data that might enable scientists to calculate the earth's distance from the sun. The particular problem, in 1769, was that only the very beginning of the Transit would be visible from Britain or western Europe and that it should ideally be observed from somewhere in the South Seas. There had been a similar attempt, be-devilled by war, weather and ill-luck, eight years earlier (transits go in pairs, eight years apart, separated by more than a century) and this time the scientific establishments of Europe and America were taking no chances.
As early as 1766 the Royal Society had 'resolved to send astronomers to various parts of the world,' but time had almost run out on them when finally, in 1768, a prosaic and unlovely collier, designed for nothing more exotic than the coastal run between Newcastle and London, was bought, re-named His Majesty's Bark Endeavour and hastily converted for a voyage to the newly discovered island of Tahiti and a date with Venus.
The story of that voyage to Tahiti, New Zealand and the eastern coast of Australia — the first of Captain James Cook's three great voyages of discovery — has been told often enough and Peter Moore's Endeavour is as much about the age that sent her south as it is the voyage itself. There is a danger with this kind of approach that the centre cannot — or will not — 'hold'; but in the plain Whitby-built collier and her Whitby-trained captain, Moore has found himself the perfect symbols and focus for that 'mini epoch' of push, ambition and — the buzz-word of the age — 'endeavour' that coincided with the ship's chequered 14-year existence.
The date of John Wilkes's electoral victory at Middlesex in 1768 has been pinpointed as the beginning of the democratic movement. In 1769 Watt's steam engine was patented. In 1770 Hargreaves's spinning jenny followed. Six years on, Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations provided capitalist societies with a practical theoretical framework in the same year that the USA — the greatest capitalist society of them all — was founded. Behind all this progress lay the bold and enterprising spirit that was hardwired into the culture… 'Endeavour' was a word people often reached for to express this.
There are other ways of seeing this same 'mini epoch', of course — it was as much an age of venality, oppression, cultural exploitation and staggering political feebleness as it was of 'strength, courage, quickness' or 'magnificent geniality' — but the same brave wind that filled Endeavour's sails blows through this book and it is hard to resist. In the aftermath of her pioneering voyage she sank back into the obscurity from which she had come. And yet if her oak frame lies now somewhere on the bottom of Newport harbour, a relic of her final, inglorious role as transport and prison ship in the American War of Independence, her name — even as far as space — still survives as a byword for that culture of adventure and 'endeavour' to which the plain Whitby collier bore such vivid testament.


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LNG Spain
Celebrating the construction of Spain's first LNG bunkering vessel under BV class
Delivered by shipbuilder Astilleros Armon, The Haugesund Knutsen is a pioneering vessel
December 2022 saw the classification of the 5,000-m3 LNG bunker vessel Haugesund Knutsen. A first of its kind, the vessel will bunker LNG in Spanish ports to gas fuel ships for Shell.
Graced with being the first ever newbuilding LNG bunkering vessel in Spain, Haugesund Knutsen features azimuthal propulsion, two LNG bi-lobe type C tanks--each of 2,500 m3--a subcooling system, and gas engines. The vessel is unique in that it is classified according to the BV NR620 regulation as an "LNG bunkering ship"—a pioneering classification rule created to assess liquefied gas carriers specifically designed and built to bunker LNG. In addition, the NR467 BV Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships were also applied, including the service notation Liquefied gas carrier—allowing LNG to be used on board as fuel for gas engines among other features.
The ship's launch arrives just as Spain is quickly becoming a popular hub for LNG bunkering activities. Terminals undergoing conversion to small-scale LNG carriers and bunkering vessels will play a major role in future shipping. With seven LNG terminals spread along the coast, Spain is the country with the most mature capacity for LNG storage and transport in Europe.
Haugesund Knutsen's delivery joins a growing list of projects in Spain. The oil/LNG bunkering vessel Oizmendi was recently retrofitted and the Suardiaz "Bunker Breeze" LNG bunkering ship ready launch made several headlines. The 2021 delivery of HSC Eleanor Roosevelt by Armon Shipyards was the first-ever HSC with LNG dual engines. A modified ship based on feedback on Eleanor Roosevelt is currently in the works. This latest project came to fruition as a joint venture between Knutsen and Scale Gas (a spin-off of ENAGAS for new investments). Bureau Veritas and ENAGAS worked together on the LNG Hive European project from inception to completion, which has been an essential part of the development of LNG bunker infrastructure in Spanish ports.
Bureau Veritas is the leading class society in LNG-fueled and LNG bunker vessels in the country with the most references in the market. We understand the challenges clients face in designing, building, and operating their business. We're by their side and provide practical advice, tools, and technology to help them make the right decisions to run a safe, high-performing business.
The Gas Value Chain


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We are particularly impressed with the new Lafiness Black Garlic Marinade and the Italian Tomato and Herb Sauce which are both fantastic with all meats. The overall quality is superior and the appearance is second to none. Their outstanding cost in use is also a huge benefit!


The three basic shapes of bacteria are bacillus (rod-shaped), coccus (spherical-shaped), and spirillum (spiral-shaped). This simple model allows students to build the three shapes of bacteria �... In this science fair project, you will make a microbial fuel cell to collect the electrons that the bacteria�anaerobic bacteria�create...only, you'll be using mud, which is much safer to handle than wastewater. If you would like to learn how to reuse and recycle an unlikely substance, this is the science fair project for you!
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It's even possible to make out structures within the cell, such as the nucleus, mitochondria and chloroplasts. Light microscopes use a system of lenses to magnify an image. The power of a light microscope is limited by the wavelength of visible light, which is about 500 nm. The most powerful light microscopes can resolve bacteria but not viruses. how to make a small model car out of cardboard For bacterial cells use lysozyme + EDTA. Be aware that even subtle differences between the age of your cells and batches of the enzymes will make a contrast between an incomplete cell wall digest where you get a 50% spheroplast yield, and over-digestion, leading to a significant number of dead cells.
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text:
Q: How to solve "KeyError: '/conv2d_1/kernel:0'" I am trying to use the colab to run the gym package with pacman, since the spec in colab is more powerful than my notebook. This program is successful simulate in Jupyter in my notebook, which using tensorflow 1.14. However, the errors keep appears when I put in google colab to simulate, and I also debug and change  part of the code, so that the code can be used in tensor flow 2.0. Below is my code
   #First we import all the necessary libraries
   import numpy as np
   import gym
   import tensorflow as tf
   from tensorflow import keras
   from keras.layers import Flatten, Conv2D, Dense
   #from tensorflow.contrib.layers import Flatten, conv2d, Dense
   from collections import deque, Counter
   import random
   from datetime import datetime

    #Now we define a function called preprocess_observation for preprocessing our input game screen.
    #We reduce the image size and convert the image into greyscale.

    color = np.array([210, 164, 74]).mean()
    def preprocess_observation(obs):
      # Crop and resize the image
      img = obs[1:176:2, ::2]
      # Convert the image to greyscale
      img = img.mean(axis=2)
      # Improve image contrast
      img[img==color] = 0
      # Next we normalize the image from -1 to +1
      img = (img - 128) / 128-1
      return img.reshape(88,80,1)

    #Let us initialize our gym environment

    env = gym.make('MsPacman-v0')
    n_outputs = env.action_space.n
    print(n_outputs)
    print(env.env.get_action_meanings())
    observation = env.reset()
    import tensorflow as tf
    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
    for i in range(22):
      if i > 20:
        plt.imshow(observation)
        plt.show()
    observation, _, _, _ = env.step(1)

    #Okay, Now we define a function called q_network for building our Q network. We input the game                         state to the Q network
    #and get the Q values for all the actions in that state.
    #We build Q network with three convolutional layers with same padding followed by a fully connected layer.
    tf.compat.v1.reset_default_graph()

    def q_network(X, name_scope):

    # Initialize layers
      initializer = tf.compat.v1.keras.initializers.VarianceScaling(scale=2.0)
      with tf.compat.v1.variable_scope(name_scope) as scope:

        # initialize the convolutional layers
        #layer_1 = tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(X, 32, kernel_size=(8,8), stride=4, padding='SAME',                 weights_initializer=initializer)
        layer_1_set = Conv2D(32, (8,8), strides=4, padding="SAME", kernel_initializer=initializer)
        layer_1= layer_1_set(X)
        tf.compat.v1.summary.histogram('layer_1',layer_1)
        #layer_2 = tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(layer_1, 64, kernel_size=(4,4), stride=2, padding='SAME', weights_initializer=initializer)
        layer_2_set = Conv2D(64, (4,4), strides=2, padding="SAME", kernel_initializer=initializer)
        layer_2= layer_2_set(layer_1)
        tf.compat.v1.summary.histogram('layer_2',layer_2)
        #layer_3 = tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(layer_2, 64, kernel_size=(3,3), stride=1, padding='SAME', weights_initializer=initializer)
        layer_3_set = Conv2D(64, (3,3), strides=1, padding="SAME", kernel_initializer=initializer)
        layer_3= layer_3_set(layer_2)
        tf.compat.v1.summary.histogram('layer_3',layer_3)
        flatten_layer = Flatten()  # instantiate the layer
        flat = flatten_layer(layer_3)
        fc_set = Dense(128, kernel_initializer=initializer)
        fc=fc_set(flat)
        tf.compat.v1.summary.histogram('fc',fc)

        #Add final output layer
        output_set = Dense(n_outputs, activation= None, kernel_initializer=initializer)
        output= output_set(fc)
        tf.compat.v1.summary.histogram('output',output)
        vars = {v.name[len(scope.name):]: v for v in tf.compat.v1.get_collection(key=tf.compat.v1.GraphKeys.TRAINABLE_VARIABLES, scope=scope.name)}

        #Return both variables and outputs together
        return vars, output

    #Next we define a function called epsilon_greedy for performing epsilon greedy policy. In epsilon greedy policy we either select the best action
    #with probability 1 - epsilon or a random action with probability epsilon.
    #We use decaying epsilon greedy policy where value of epsilon will be decaying over time
    #as we don't want to explore forever. So over time our policy will be exploiting only good actions.

    epsilon = 0.5
    eps_min = 0.05
    eps_max = 1.0
    eps_decay_steps = 500000

    def epsilon_greedy(action, step):
        p = np.random.random(1).squeeze()
        epsilon = max(eps_min, eps_max - (eps_max-eps_min) * step/eps_decay_steps)
        if np.random.rand() < epsilon:
            return np.random.randint(n_outputs)
        else:
            return action

    #Now, we initialize our experience replay buffer of length 20000 which holds the experience.
    #We store all the agent's experience i.e (state, action, rewards) in the
    #experience replay buffer and we sample from this minibatch of experience for training the network.

    buffer_len = 20000
    exp_buffer = deque(maxlen=buffer_len)

   # Now we define our network hyperparameters,

   num_episodes = 800
   batch_size = 48
   input_shape = (None, 88, 80, 1)
   learning_rate = 0.001
   X_shape = (None, 88, 80, 1)
   discount_factor = 0.97

   global_step = 0
   copy_steps = 100
   steps_train = 4
   start_steps = 2000

    logdir = 'logs'
    tf.compat.v1.reset_default_graph()
    import tensorflow.compat.v1 as tf
    tf.disable_v2_behavior()
    # Now we define the placeholder for our input i.e game state
    X = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, shape=X_shape)
    #X = tf.Variable(tf.float32, tf.ones(shape=X_shape))
    # we define a boolean called in_training_model to toggle the training
    in_training_mode = tf.placeholder(tf.bool)

   # we build our Q network, which takes the input X and generates Q values for all the actions in the state
   mainQ, mainQ_outputs = q_network(X, 'mainQ')

   # similarly we build our target Q network, for policy evaluation
   targetQ, targetQ_outputs = q_network(X, 'targetQ')

    # define the placeholder for our action values
    X_action = tf.placeholder(tf.int32, shape=(None,))
    Q_action = tf.reduce_sum(targetQ_outputs * tf.one_hot(X_action, n_outputs), axis=-1, keepdims=True)

   #Copy the primary Q network parameters to the target Q network
   copy_op = [tf.compat.v1.assign(main_name, targetQ[var_name]) for var_name, main_name in        mainQ.items()]
   copy_target_to_main = tf.group(*copy_op)

    #Compute and optimize loss using gradient descent optimizer

    # define a placeholder for our output i.e action
    y = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, shape=(None,1))

    # now we calculate the loss which is the difference between actual value and predicted value
    loss = tf.reduce_mean(tf.square(y - Q_action))

    # we use adam optimizer for minimizing the loss
    optimizer = tf.train.AdamOptimizer(learning_rate)
    training_op = optimizer.minimize(loss)

    init = tf.global_variables_initializer()

    loss_summary = tf.summary.scalar('LOSS', loss)
    merge_summary = tf.summary.merge_all()
    file_writer = tf.summary.FileWriter(logdir, tf.get_default_graph())

Ok up to here, the error come out when i run this cell in colab :
   #Copy the primary Q network parameters to the target Q network
   copy_op = [tf.compat.v1.assign(main_name, targetQ[var_name]) for var_name, main_name in mainQ.items()]
   copy_target_to_main = tf.group(*copy_op)

The error gives:
   ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
   KeyError                                  Traceback (most recent call last)
   <ipython-input-13-58715282cea8> in <module>()
   ----> 1 copy_op = [tf.compat.v1.assign(main_name, targetQ[var_name]) for var_name, main_name in mainQ.items()]
         2 copy_target_to_main = tf.group(*copy_op)

   <ipython-input-13-58715282cea8> in <listcomp>(.0)
   ----> 1 copy_op = [tf.compat.v1.assign(main_name, targetQ[var_name]) for var_name, main_name in mainQ.items()]
         2 copy_target_to_main = tf.group(*copy_op)

   KeyError: '/conv2d_1/kernel:0'

I have two question?
First, how to solve the question that already stated above.
Second, in tensor-flow 2.0 above,the placeholder command is replaced by tf.Variable, i rewrite the code:
    X = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, shape=X_shape) to become
    X = tf.Variable(tf.float32, tf.ones(shape=X_shape))

and still get error, and i have to use command below:
    import tensorflow.compat.v1 as tf
    tf.disable_v2_behavior()
    X = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, shape=X_shape)

but get warning like this:
    WARNING:tensorflow:From /usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-        packages/tensorflow/python/compat/v2_compat.py:96: disable_resource_variables (from tensorflow.python.ops.variable_scope) is deprecated and will be removed in a future version.
    Instructions for updating: non-resource variables are not supported in the long term

I  doing intensive searching in the Stack overflow website by using keyword, yet i can't find solution. Really looking forward to any advise. Thank you very much.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Creating a new website for Hopper, one of the top 4 most downloaded travel apps in the U.S, along with Uber, Lyft and Airbnb is no easy task. It's critical to communicate to the world the brilliance behind Hopper and the people driving this rapidly-growing app.
Our journey began with discovery, understanding the key values of both Hopper as a product and as a company. Familiar with the former, we chose to delve deeper to appreciate the people that push the boundaries of travel.
The depth of understanding regarding company culture, coupled with the sheer continuity among answers, was impressive. It didn't take us long to discover that Hopper held something special, reaching far beyond their immediate product offering — they're revolutionizing how millions of people book travel every single day, with a team that's equally ambitious.
With our immediate goals established, it was time for Narative to begin building, collaborating, and executing on our ideas.
The new Hopper.com had to be simple, our discovery interviews enabled us to easily identify both what was important and what should be prioritized.
Hopper.com is a platform which makes their product, company, and people the focal point, with the goal being to increase app downloads, company awareness, and talent density.
We stripped away the unnecessary clutter and focused in on the message we wanted to deliver. The navigation is simple, highlighting the company, people, and support. A small footprint meant we could deliver a phenomenal experience on a few pages rather than a mediocre experience on a number of them.
Hopper carries great strength within its brand and product, something we needed to preserve while expressing the identity of the people behind it. Our main goal for design and communication was to showcase the culture of Hopper.
Homepage: Communication is focused around the app, features and popular travel destinations. It was important to inspire visitors when they landed on the homepage.
Company: Hopper as a company, physically, and Hopper as a group of talented individuals, building a product to help people travel the world.
People: This is where we shine the light on Hopper Humans. The focus being the individuals that make Hopper and its culture.
Firstly, our communication design team gathered a wealth of information from Hopper's discovery, distilling the learnings into what we call "performance copywriting".
Next, this is translated into a lo-fi wireframe with a rough visual structure. Once we have these lo-fi wireframes in place, we can begin building a prototype to be used in our initial user tests. This is important as we'll finalize all content and structure for the website before progressing to the final step.
The last step for design was working closely with Hopper's in-house team to produce assets including illustrations, photos and videos. This is where the Hopper brand truly takes shape. For this project in particular, Hopper chose to have their own writers adapt our performance copywriting to match their brand's voice and tone.
Working with Hopper's in-house illustrator Fitz was a blast. During our collaboration, we kept in mind which pieces of his work could be translated and decomposed into code whilst maintaining technical performance. With a talented illustrator, it's easy to go overboard and insert beautiful pieces everywhere, but this can also subtract the human aspect of Hopper, which we desired to highlight. Consequently, we were diligent in our illustration placement and made sure to balance this with photos/videos of real people. In the end, we created the perfect balance of playful illustrations with a human touch.
For each of our projects, we strive to use world-class tools. Our team decided to build Hopper.com with Gatsby (we've even written about Why Narative loves Gatsby).
Gatsby is a modern website framework that builds performance into every website by leveraging the latest web technologies. It allows you to create blazing fast, compelling web experiences without needing to become a performance expert. This allowed our team to focus on the story, content, and details required to create the best user experience possible. The developer experience and plugin system meant we could work faster and focus on the people that would be visiting Hopper.com.
React is taking over the web and Gatsby allows our team to build websites with a familiar API, the same libraries, and patterns we're already used to.
Gatsby also made it simple to pull in data from any source. This meant we were able to create a CMS with Contentful, giving full scope content management to the editors and writers at Hopper. We also used other data sources, such as Greenhouse, to build a custom careers section. In the near future, Gatsby Preview will connect the final dots of a seamless editing experience through a CMS.
Understanding the key metrics for what you're looking to achieve is far more beneficial than ticking a list of industry standard checkboxes. It was critical for Hopper's web experience to reflect their Application.
Our results were impressive, both on mobile and desktop devices, with 0 throttling. We were able to achieve First Contentful Paint at around 390ms with a speed index fo 1520ms, on mobile.
The hero is a significant part of any page. It's guaranteed to receive the highest percentage of views and must be loaded quickly while conveying the story we desire to tell.
To accomplish this, we knew loading a large image could take seconds to render, especially on slow connections, so we took the original illustration and broke it down, piece by piece. First, we recreated the illustration's background using a CSS linear gradient and the clouds as an SVG. This ensures there's no white screen while the navigation is visible on load. Both the CSS and SVG are inlined in the HTML so they're prioritized over non-critical assets. Second, we lazy load in 4 static images: 2 textured clouds, a plane, and a cityscape.
Beyond technical optimizations, we wanted to add some interactivity and life to the hero. When visiting Hopper.com on desktop, depending on the time of day, we dynamically generate a Day and Night mode — with the same multi-layered optimizations for both. When visitors scroll down beyond the hero both the clouds and city float up, giving an airy feel to the page.
Rather than presenting a generic list of employees and their portraits, we decided to create a dynamic grid of randomly selected photos for each Hopper Human, forming a unique experience whilst proudly displaying the tremendous talent that calls Hopper home.
The People Grid is compromised of over 140 images randomly selected on each load. Each tile in the grid has around 20 unique portraits it can select from. This means each visitor to the page has a %0.000000546875 chance of viewing the same arrangement of Hopper people.
Images are heavy assets that can slow website performance, especially on mobile devices with poor connectivity. Wherever possible, we aimed to replace raster images with SVGs or CSS. A fantastic example of this is the device reveal on the home page. The device is created with HTML and CSS, meaning we're able to make it both interactive and animated.
Reflecting Hopper's playful and quirky tone, we felt it was important to delight visitors with small surprises. As an example, not only is the device interactive, the button is also functional in the device reveal.
We've left a number of easter eggs on Hopper.com to ensure we put smiles on people's faces.
We're excited to officially reveal Hopper.com to the world.


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text:
Q: Can't install pandas on python 3.8 I am unable to install pandas from pip on python 3.8.
It gives me the following long error:
PS C:\Users\Admin> pip install pandas
Collecting pandas
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/07/cf/1b6917426a9a16fd79d56385d0d907f344188558337d6b81196792f857e9/pandas-0.25.1.tar.gz
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: 'c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\python.exe' -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'C:\\Users\\Admin\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-mjaqrdny\\pandas\\setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'C:\\Users\\Admin\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-mjaqrdny\\pandas\\setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' egg_info --egg-base 'C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-mjaqrdny\pandas\pip-egg-info'
         cwd: C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-mjaqrdny\pandas\
    Complete output (190 lines):
    Could not locate executable g77
    Could not locate executable f77
    Could not locate executable ifort
    Could not locate executable ifl
    Could not locate executable f90
    Could not locate executable DF
    Could not locate executable efl
    Could not locate executable gfortran
    Could not locate executable f95
    Could not locate executable g95
    Could not locate executable efort
    Could not locate executable efc
    Could not locate executable flang
    don't know how to compile Fortran code on platform 'nt'
    'svnversion' is not recognized as an internal or external command,
    operable program or batch file.
    non-existing path in 'numpy\\distutils': 'site.cfg'
    non-existing path in 'numpy\\random': 'src\\splitmix64\\splitmix.h'
    Running from numpy source directory.
    C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\easy_install-w6soklp7\numpy-1.17.2\setup.py:418: UserWarning: Unrecognized setuptools command, proceeding with generating Cython sources and expanding templates
      run_build = parse_setuppy_commands()
    C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\easy_install-w6soklp7\numpy-1.17.2\numpy\distutils\system_info.py:690: UserWarning:
        Optimized (vendor) Blas libraries are not found.
        Falls back to netlib Blas library which has worse performance.
        A better performance should be easily gained by switching
        Blas library.
      self.calc_info()
    C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\easy_install-w6soklp7\numpy-1.17.2\numpy\distutils\system_info.py:690: UserWarning:
        Blas (http://www.netlib.org/blas/) libraries not found.
        Directories to search for the libraries can be specified in the
        numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [blas]) or by setting
        the BLAS environment variable.
      self.calc_info()
    C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\easy_install-w6soklp7\numpy-1.17.2\numpy\distutils\system_info.py:690: UserWarning:
        Blas (http://www.netlib.org/blas/) sources not found.
        Directories to search for the sources can be specified in the
        numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [blas_src]) or by setting
        the BLAS_SRC environment variable.
      self.calc_info()
    C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\easy_install-w6soklp7\numpy-1.17.2\numpy\distutils\system_info.py:1712: UserWarning:
        Lapack (http://www.netlib.org/lapack/) libraries not found.
        Directories to search for the libraries can be specified in the
        numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [lapack]) or by setting
        the LAPACK environment variable.
      if getattr(self, '_calc_info_{}'.format(lapack))():
    C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\easy_install-w6soklp7\numpy-1.17.2\numpy\distutils\system_info.py:1712: UserWarning:
        Lapack (http://www.netlib.org/lapack/) sources not found.
        Directories to search for the sources can be specified in the
        numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [lapack_src]) or by setting
        the LAPACK_SRC environment variable.
      if getattr(self, '_calc_info_{}'.format(lapack))():
    c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\distutils\dist.py:274: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'define_macros'
      warnings.warn(msg)
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\msvc.py", line 489, in _find_latest_available_vc_ver
        return self.find_available_vc_vers()[-1]
    IndexError: list index out of range

    During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\distutils\core.py", line 148, in setup
        dist.run_commands()
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 966, in run_commands
        self.run_command(cmd)
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 985, in run_command
        cmd_obj.run()
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\command\bdist_egg.py", line 163, in run
        self.run_command("egg_info")
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\distutils\cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
        self.distribution.run_command(command)
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 985, in run_command
        cmd_obj.run()
      File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\easy_install-w6soklp7\numpy-1.17.2\numpy\distutils\command\egg_info.py", line 26, in run
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\distutils\cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
        self.distribution.run_command(command)
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 985, in run_command
        cmd_obj.run()
      File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\easy_install-w6soklp7\numpy-1.17.2\numpy\distutils\command\build_src.py", line 142, in run
      File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\easy_install-w6soklp7\numpy-1.17.2\numpy\distutils\command\build_src.py", line 153, in build_sources
      File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\easy_install-w6soklp7\numpy-1.17.2\numpy\distutils\command\build_src.py", line 286, in build_library_sources
      File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\easy_install-w6soklp7\numpy-1.17.2\numpy\distutils\command\build_src.py", line 369, in generate_sources
      File "numpy\core\setup.py", line 667, in get_mathlib_info
        "pyxfile": "_libs/tslibs/resolution",
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\distutils\command\config.py", line 241, in try_link
        self._check_compiler()
      File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\easy_install-w6soklp7\numpy-1.17.2\numpy\distutils\command\config.py", line 54, in _check_compiler
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\distutils\_msvccompiler.py", line 253, in initialize
        vc_env = _get_vc_env(plat_spec)
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\msvc.py", line 185, in msvc14_get_vc_env
        return EnvironmentInfo(plat_spec, vc_min_ver=14.0).return_env()
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\msvc.py", line 843, in __init__
        self.si = SystemInfo(self.ri, vc_ver)
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\msvc.py", line 485, in __init__
        self.vc_ver = vc_ver or self._find_latest_available_vc_ver()
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\msvc.py", line 492, in _find_latest_available_vc_ver
        raise distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError(err)
    distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError: Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 is required. Get it with "Microsoft Visual C++ Build Tools": https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/downloads/

    During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\sandbox.py", line 154, in save_modules
        yield saved
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\sandbox.py", line 195, in setup_context
        yield
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\sandbox.py", line 250, in run_setup
        _execfile(setup_script, ns)
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\sandbox.py", line 45, in _execfile
        exec(code, globals, locals)
      File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\easy_install-w6soklp7\numpy-1.17.2\setup.py", line 443, in <module>
        cmdclass["cython"] = CythonCommand
      File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\easy_install-w6soklp7\numpy-1.17.2\setup.py", line 435, in setup_package
        pass
      File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\easy_install-w6soklp7\numpy-1.17.2\numpy\distutils\core.py", line 171, in setup
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\__init__.py", line 145, in setup
        return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\distutils\core.py", line 163, in setup
        raise SystemExit("error: " + str(msg))
    SystemExit: error: Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 is required. Get it with "Microsoft Visual C++ Build Tools": https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/downloads/

    During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\command\easy_install.py", line 1144, in run_setup
        run_setup(setup_script, args)
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\sandbox.py", line 253, in run_setup
        raise
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\contextlib.py", line 131, in __exit__
        self.gen.throw(type, value, traceback)
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\sandbox.py", line 195, in setup_context
        yield
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\contextlib.py", line 131, in __exit__
        self.gen.throw(type, value, traceback)
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\sandbox.py", line 166, in save_modules
        saved_exc.resume()
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\sandbox.py", line 141, in resume
        six.reraise(type, exc, self._tb)
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\_vendor\six.py", line 685, in reraise
        raise value.with_traceback(tb)
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\sandbox.py", line 154, in save_modules
        yield saved
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\sandbox.py", line 195, in setup_context
        yield
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\sandbox.py", line 250, in run_setup
        _execfile(setup_script, ns)
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\sandbox.py", line 45, in _execfile
        exec(code, globals, locals)
      File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\easy_install-w6soklp7\numpy-1.17.2\setup.py", line 443, in <module>
        cmdclass["cython"] = CythonCommand
      File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\easy_install-w6soklp7\numpy-1.17.2\setup.py", line 435, in setup_package
        pass
      File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\easy_install-w6soklp7\numpy-1.17.2\numpy\distutils\core.py", line 171, in setup
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\__init__.py", line 145, in setup
        return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\distutils\core.py", line 163, in setup
        raise SystemExit("error: " + str(msg))
    SystemExit: error: Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 is required. Get it with "Microsoft Visual C++ Build Tools": https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/downloads/

    During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
      File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-mjaqrdny\pandas\setup.py", line 807, in <module>
        setup(
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\__init__.py", line 144, in setup
        _install_setup_requires(attrs)
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\__init__.py", line 139, in _install_setup_requires
        dist.fetch_build_eggs(dist.setup_requires)
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\dist.py", line 716, in fetch_build_eggs
        resolved_dists = pkg_resources.working_set.resolve(
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\pkg_resources\__init__.py", line 780, in resolve
        dist = best[req.key] = env.best_match(
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\pkg_resources\__init__.py", line 1065, in best_match
        return self.obtain(req, installer)
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\pkg_resources\__init__.py", line 1077, in obtain
        return installer(requirement)
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\dist.py", line 786, in fetch_build_egg
        return cmd.easy_install(req)
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\command\easy_install.py", line 679, in easy_install
        return self.install_item(spec, dist.location, tmpdir, deps)
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\command\easy_install.py", line 705, in install_item
        dists = self.install_eggs(spec, download, tmpdir)
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\command\easy_install.py", line 890, in install_eggs
        return self.build_and_install(setup_script, setup_base)
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\command\easy_install.py", line 1158, in build_and_install
        self.run_setup(setup_script, setup_base, args)
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\command\easy_install.py", line 1146, in run_setup
        raise DistutilsError("Setup script exited with %s" % (v.args[0],))
    distutils.errors.DistutilsError: Setup script exited with error: Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 is required. Get it with "Microsoft Visual C++ Build Tools": https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/downloads/
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: python setup.py egg_info Check the logs for full command output.

A: Pls try any of below code to install.
easy_install pandas
pip install --only-binary :all: pandas
hope above code help you to solve your question.

A: Unfortunately as of 10/18/2019  it doesnt work. I got  this response on LinkedIn:
You'll need cython installed to build the native bits until a wheel with native bits is released.
Checked under 'docker run --rm -i -t python:3.8-slim bash'
'pip install pandas' failed with the clear message
   Exception: Cython-generated file 'pandas/_libs/algos.c' not found.
                   Cython is required to compile pandas from a development branch.
                   Please install Cython or download a release package of pandas.
apt-get update && apt-get -y install cython && pip install pandas is still chugging along compiling.
And that failed with a missing 'cc1plus'... so 'apt-get -y install g++-8' and chugging again.
And much later it can't find g++.
'apt-get -y install g++'
You're responsible for chasing build environments on your own when you choose bleeding edge open source software.
'pip install --no-binary :all: ...' is a great training exercise.  And tools like docker simplify creating a pristine environment to double check your assumptions.  (edited)

A: My install seemed to work on Windows 10 - I had to make sure Wheel was in the Path, switch to the Python 3.8 directory and run
python -m pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel
then I


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text:
Who is Travis Taijeron?
Who is Travis Taijeron? Many of you might ask that question to yourself recently when reading Mets box scores, or watching Spring Training action so far. Taijeron has done nothing but mash early in Grapefruit League action, to a batting average of .417. Taijeron is a 27-year old outfielder that was drafted by the Mets back in the 18th round of the 2011 MLB Amateur Draft, out of Cal Poly Pomona. He was a decorated Division II baseball player, receiving an All American selection his final season. In the Minor Leagues, Taijeron has been a New York Penn League All Star with the Brooklyn Cyclones and a South Atlantic League All Star with the Savannah Sand Gnats. He has also been named twice as a MILB.com All Star by Minor League baseball.
Taijeron has been listed at the back end of many Mets prospect lists for several years now, since being drafted by the organization. He has been projected as a very good fourth outfielder, or fringe starter with power. Scouting reports believe Taijeron has the potential to hit 20 home runs a season. Taijeron has the frame at 6'2 and 200lbs to put up great power numbers in the Majors. Last season was Taijeron's first season at AAA, and he mashed 25 home runs to go along with 71 RBI for Las Vegas. He finished the 2015 campaign with a .274/.393/.536 line. Taijeron had a good .929 OPS last season in AAA as well. It is important to note that I don't believe Tajieron's power numbers were as inflated as others, as he has hit double digit home runs every level he has been at. The lone year he did not reach double-digit homers, was his half-season rookie stint with the Brooklyn Cyclones in 2011. Taijeron did hit 9 home runs his rookie year in that tough ballpark however. Intresting enough he also had better numbers away from the friendly confines of Las Vegas. Taijeron had a .236 average at home with 14 home runs and 35 RBI, while he hit .314 with 11 home runs and 36 RBI on the road. His on base percentage and slugging percentage were surprisingly also higher on the road than in Las Vegas.
Taijeron has a career Minor League slash of .267/.370/.512. He has 91 career home runs to go along with that slash line. One reason Taijeron has taken so long to come up is that he strikes out too often. If you look at his numbers from the year he entered the Minors in 2011, his strikeout numbers rise significantly every year. Last season in his first year at AAA Taijeron had 147 strikeouts in 478 plate appearances, which means he struck out in 30% of his at-bats. If Taijeron wants to have a spot on the Major League roster, he will have to demonstrate he can cut down on the strikeouts. However on the other side of the spectrum, Taijeron has never posted an on base percentage lower than .356, which can bode well for his future at the next level.
Tajieron is having an eye opening spring so far, and is turning heads with the way he has swung the bat. If Taijeron continues his great play he will definitely be in the running for a spot on the Major League roster, if and when a need arises. He could provide a solid option off the bench as a corner outfielder for Terry Collins, as long as he cuts down on the strikeouts and puts the ball in play. Taijeron is not on the 40-man roster, but if pieces start moving including a move with Alejandro De Aza, Taijeron may be added to the 40-man, and possibly to the active 25-man roster. I hope Taijeron can keep up the great play this spring, as nothing makes me happier than seeing homegrown talent rise to the big leagues. He could provide a solid bat off of the bench for the Mets, and he has proven he can mash left handed pitching with a .304/.418/.637 line last year. Taijeron's play nonetheless will be an interesting storyline to watch for the rest of the spring, as he will be receiving ample amounts of playing time.
Written by adriancervantes8 Posted in Baseball, Beisbol, Major League Baseball, Minor League Baseball, MLB, MLB Blogs, MLB Network, MLB.COM, mlbcomblogs, New York Mets, Sports, Sports News, Spring Training, Uncategorized	Tagged with Baseball, Beisbol, Major League Baseball, Minor League Baseball, MLB, MLB Blogs, MLB Network, MLB.COM, mlbcomblogs, New York Mets, Sports, Sports News, Spring Training
March 31, 2016 - 1:20 pm Pingback: Travis Taijeron named top rookie in Mets camp. « Above The Mendoza
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These chinks are extremely soft 3-4 oz. chap leather, matching belt with 1" cart buckles front and rear. Natural, basket stamped yolk with Lone Star Conchos.
Polished split conchos on the front, and sporting a phone pocket with a cowhide flap and Long Horn Bull Concho. Sharp, unique and practical at a "fits most" 38" to 50" size (keep in mind that most chaps are worn slightly below the waist on your hips).
These are a favorite, very popular color. The buckskin chaps are extremely soft and comfortable. It is 3-4 oz chap leather, and is surprisingly tough, in spite of it's soft feel.


Veliza's Child Care provides paper, crayons, books, game, toys, car seats, art supplies,potty training, cribs,etc. to make an enriching experience.
Also, we offer a clean,safe, healthy, loving, caring, nurturing, and educational environment for the children.
Don't Lose It- label It!
Copyright 2009 Veliza's Child Care. All rights reserved.


The audience enjoyed a range of live music.
The Harborough Twenty 12 Lions Club held their sixth Annual Charity Live Music Night on April 29 at Our Lady of Victories Church Hall.
This year the proceeds were donated to The Cleft Lip and Palate Association.
The audience enjoyed hot food and a licenced bar while being entertained by over two-and-a-half hours of live music from rock band EastWest; folk band The Main Street Band; acoustic trio Whale; singer, guitarist and harmonica player Kevin Buxton; and singer/guitarist Paul Anderson.
About £650 was raised for the chosen charity.
The club would like to thank all the musicians who played for free and everyone who came and supported the event.


This dental malpractice lawsuit was filed in Montgomery County after a Chevy Chase plaintiff's dental implants were improperly done. It was filed in Health Claims Arbitration on January 30, 2017, and is the 48th medical malpractice case (3rd dental malpractice case) filed in 2017.
Plaintiff is injured at work, and two of his upper teeth are broken near his gum line. A month later, he goes to defendant dentist in Montgomery County who removes the remainder of the two teeth and places root form implants in their place.
After six months, plaintiff returns to defendant dentist. The dentist places porcelain crowns on top of both of the implants. Two months later, plaintiff begins to have mobility around one of the implants, and it looks like the crown is separating from the implant, so he returns to defendant dentist.
The dentist makes a few attempts to remove the crown, performing excessive curettage of plaintiff's gum tissue around the implant, and injures the tissue. After this, plaintiff goes to a maxillofacial and oral surgery, who finds that the implant needs to be extracted due to crested bone resorption, inadequate buccal bone over the implant, and gingival recession. Additionally, the other implant has to be extractive due to the excessive curettage of the gingival tissues.
This is a little bit different than most of the dental malpractice cases we see. At least three-fourths of these cases are nerve injury claims.
Dentists commit malpractice all of the time. Yet they are rarely called to the mat to account for their mistakes. Why? It is hard to find a lawyer willing to take these cases where the patient suffered real harm but does not have a meaningful permanent injury. The cost of bringing a malpractice case can be significant, so a lot of lawyers shy away from these cases. But the reality is that a dental malpractice case in Maryland is usually a case where you need one expert to bring a claim and the facts are rarely complicated. A dental malpractice case is like an auto tort case in terms of complexity and cost. So, again, why don't more lawyers file them? Few Maryland lawyers are equipped to handle medical malpractice cases. Those that are generally looking for larger cases.
This claim is also likely a workers' comp claim and the malpractice injuries should have been paid by the comp carrier.
Have you suffered a dental injury due to the negligence of a dentist? Miller & Zois can help you get the compensation and justice that you deserve. Call us today at 800-553-8082 or get a case review online.


There are reasons that you may want to change your insurance policy in Elk River, MN, but you should be aware of the possible complications that may arise. In the case of life insurance, it is not always as easy to cancel and replace the policy as other forms of insurance; however, there are options to help you change insurance policy without wasting time.
Find the new policy that you want to purchase before you discontinue your current coverage. Compare the options and evaluate the plans that are available to find a new policy that is more appropriate. For example, if you want to replace a term-life plan with a whole-life policy, then look for coverage that is classified as a whole-life plan.
Read about the policy and evaluate the coverage so that you can be sure that the new plan is appropriate.
When you are seeking a new policy for life insurance, you may be asked about current coverage and the reasons that you want to make a change. The reason for the question is related to consumer protection. It ensures that you are replacing the current policy for a legitimate reason. Explain the reason that you want to make a change, such as dissatisfaction with the current insurer or obtaining a lower rate.
Cancel your previous policy after the new plan begins so that you will not have any gaps in coverage.
Although the basics are similar to changing any insurance policy, you should be aware of the fact that some insurers may ask for more details and information about a previous insurance provider. The reason is related to your financial security and it will not usually impact the quotes that you are offered. To learn more, contact us today.
When you want to save on car insurance, it helps to find the lowest rates and then apply discounts to your policy. The lowest rates that are available in Minnesota can depend on a variety of factors, so it is important to compare several quotes and companies before you decide that a particular plan is appropriate for your needs.
Minnesota is a no-fault state, which means that you will need more than just basic liability protection. The state requires that you purchase no-fault coverage, liability protection and uninsured motorist coverage.
Basic plans will usually cost less than more comprehensive options, but you can also find low rates on comprehensive coverage if you compare your rates. Furthermore, a good driving history and excellent credit rating can help bring down your rates and allow you to obtain reasonable quotes for your coverage.
The discounts that are available through any insurance provider will vary; however, there are some common discounts that many insurers offer. Generally, you can save on car insurance when you have not been involved in an accident, when you take a driver safety course or when you are in the military. Other discounts, such as good student discounts or reduced rates for anti-theft devices, can vary between insurance providers.
Ask about the discounts that are available through a specific insurer. In some cases, discounts like a good driver rates are already included in the quoted price because your driving history was already considered.
Reducing the cost of auto insurance is not hard, but you should consider several plans before you select a specific policy. By comparing rates and obtaining discounts, you can enjoy affordable coverage. To learn more about reducing your premium, contact us to talk to an agent today.
Who can forget that moment when you put the key in the lock, turned the knob and set foot into your very first home of your own. Home ownership is a source of great pride for most and it is also one of the biggest investments you will ever make. As careful and conscientious as you may be about keeping your home in immaculate condition, from time-to-time, the unexpected happens. Pipes sometimes fail and trees sometimes fall on houses. Everyone who owns a house in Little Falls, MN should have homeowners insurance.
Each state has their own laws governing home insurance and rates are based on a combination of risk factors. Homeowners insurance rates in Little Falls, MN are, on average, lower than in a hurricane-prone state such as Florida. While Minnesotans have to deal with snow and winter storms, Floridians may face even more devastating losses if a major hurricane hits. Weather aside, there are many other ways that insurance companies determine the premium on your home insurance policy.
Generally speaking, if you have a brand new house, insurance companies will offer you lower rates than if you live in a house that was built 50 years ago. New homes are built to modern code and normally experience fewer problems with electricity, plumbing, and roofs that need to be repaired or replaced. Of course, when evaluating the soundness and insurability of a house, insurers consider more than just the age of a home.
You may get lower rates if you live a few blocks from a fire station or fire hydrant and pay more if you are more than five miles from a fire station. Rates go up if you have a swimming pool and they go down if the crime rate in your neighborhood is low. By talking to an independent agent you can get competitive quotes and find out what else you can do to lower your home insurance rates.
When you are buying homeowners insurance for your new property, it is important to understand your options so that you can select the best plan for your personal goals. The homeowner's policy that is best for your goals will depend on the situation and your budget.
Generally, a HO-1 or a HO-2 policy is considered a basic plan. Some mortgage providers may require that you purchase a HO-2 plan, which covers against the most common threats to a property, but it may not always provide the coverage that you want or need.
Basic plans are usually very limited. As a result, you may want to purchase more comprehensive plans that will also protect your personal belongings.
A HO-3 policy is designed to protect against the most common situations and it will also pay for the replacement or repairs of your personal belongings if the situation is covered under the plan. Usually, the policy will cover all situations unless they are specifically excluded.
If you want to take the protection further, then a HO-5 policy may be a good choice. Since the policy is not available through every insurance provider, it may be useful to purchase a HO-3 plan and then add to the coverage for your personal belongings if it is necessary.
Specialized coverage is any plan that protects a condo, older house or other specialized types of property. Since the needs may differ from the needs of a house, the coverage is adjusted to avoid any complications.
There are a variety of policies that are available to protect your house, but you should always compare the options to avoid any complications or high expenses. To learn more about protecting your property, contact us to talk to an agent today.