HW-Thursday 4/11–All classes watch Biography of America #6 on westward expansion and be able to answer the following questions.1) How does Jefferson's idea of a Empire of Liberty and the Louisiana Purchase link together? 2) How many generations did Jefferson think this Empire of Liberty would take? What had he not counted on? 3) What was the real importance of New Orleans? 4) What are the migration patterns of this time? And what natural and technological inventions helped with this settlement?5) Why does the south develop so differently from the north during this time period? 6) What does Professor Ambrose say is the key to the difference?
HW- Wednesday night – 4/10- All classes: use khan academy.org as your information source. Listen and watch the 3 videos on the following topic – The Second Great Awakening ( about a total of 30 minutes) and take notes in your interactive notebook stressing the influence and links it had to other things. Then Find Great Awakening notes in your notebook from my lecture and write a rap or chant comparing 1st and 2nd Great Awakenings.
4/8 and 4/9–no homework–get some rest. Multiple-choice test scheduled for this Friday has been switched to Monday due to student conflicts. If you are looking for something to do remember UWorld site-practice mc from 1754-1800.
Friday: 4/5-essay question. "To what extent did the American Revolution cause political, social, and economic change in the time period from 1776-1789? Historical thinking skill: change over time.
Homework: Monday 4/1 and Tuesday 4/2–divide chapter 7 in your APUSH textbook in two and read it. 1) As you read consider how costly the war was to the men who fought in terms of casualties related to the war. 2) How did Patriots and Loyalists differ in what they believed was most important ideaologically, in their economic status, and actions once independence was declared in 1776? How did Loyalists ultimately fare after the war?. 3) Describe in your interactive notebook how women were involved in the war, how the Indians were affected, and what were the various things that happened to African Americans as a result of the war? Homework: Wednesday— Chapter 8- Read p. 238-241–The Crisis of the 1780's—answer the following: What were the problems of the 1780's and how was each problem settled? Read p. 241- 246 — in your interactive notebook create a picture of the Articles of Confederation as a layer cake, then create a new cake baked with the Constitution recipe. Then create an advertisement that sells the Constitution cake. Thursday: 1) finish the chapter concentrating on the relationship between Hamilton and Jefferson. Why didn't they get along? How were they different temperamentally? Cite specific areas of disagreement. 2) Why did political parties come to be? Were they inevitable in your opinion? Identify giving description and significance the following: XYZ affair, Quasi-War, Alien and Sedition Acts, Kentucky and Virginia Revolutions 1798, and the Election of 1800. Weekend Homework—Chapter 9–focusing on the fate of the Indians- p. 270-271, new trans-Appalachia migration and the national economy. P. 275-278. Jefferson's agrarian vision of the yeoman farmer and "republican agrarianism". P.279-280. War of 1812 p.290-293. Write Identifications for Tecumseh and his brother, "The Prophet", War Hawks, the Hartford Convention, The Treaty of Ghent, and the Battle of New Orleans, Era of Good Feeling, and the Missouri Compromise of 1820. Next week homework on chapter 11 and Andrew Jackson will be read.
Friday: 3/29-Quiz on Taylor chapters 14 & 18.
APUSH: Over the weekend-review p.2-44 in your AP Prep Book. Be sure to look at the MC Questions and Short Answers at the end of each section. Be sure you look at the test at the end of the book-Multiple-choice questions p. 702-703 and p. 705, 706, & 720. MC test will be Wednesday with Short Answer on Thursday.
HW- Tuesday night Periods 1 and 2–Middle Colonies up to New Jersey–covers the Dutch. Finish for Wed. night–Pennsylvania. Friday be ready to advertise your colony. Reviewing and timelining on Monday and Tuesday. Period #4–HW Tuesday night–Carolinas–Wed. and Thursday–The Middle Colonies. Your class will present your colonies on Monday. Review day and Timelining for test-1ST DAYS–WEDNESDAY : 2/27-MULTIPLE-CHOICE (ABOUT 50 ANSWERS) CUMULATIVE FROM 1491 TO WHERE WE ENDED WITH THE COLONIES. AP FORMAT–TIMED 60 MINUTES. THURSDAY: 2/28-THREE SHORT ANSWER RESPONSE QUESTIONS. TIMED 50 MINUTES. FRIDAY BEFORE MARDI GRAS BREAK WILL BE READING DAY.
Friday 2-15- writing prompt skill is cause and effect. The prompt is "What caused the Chesapeake and New England colonies to develop differently in the time period from 1607-1700." You may bring in a Venn Diagram comparing the Chesapeake and New England colonies as a writing aid if you like. A great resource to help with this is the 26 minute Biography of America #2 at learner.org. It is very helpful.
Reminder: Monday–40 minute timed essay. This is the prompt: "Evaluate the extent to which Spanish and French colonization differed in their interactions with native peoples in the period from 1492-1700. Historical context comes first and should go back into the beginnings of the Age of Exploration approximately 50 years, incorporating things like the result of the Ottoman Turks capturing Constantinople from the Christian Byzantines. This was a push factor forcing the Western Europeans to look westard (across the Atlantic & down the coast of Africa while seeking the riches of the East, a pull factor.
February 4th-Homework–everyone prepare for tomorrow's seminar by reading chapter #6 (Taylor) and answering questions. Group assigned to chapter will lead the seminar. February 5th-Homework-everyone prepares for Wed. seminar by reading chapter #7 and answering questions.
Friday: finish chapter 3 questions 8-25 to prepare for seminar. Weekend HW-finish chapter 4 questions–concentrate on the ones given out especially the Pueblo conflict.
Major Test next Wednesday: January 30th: (this is a change) It has become obvious that we need to watch "The Conquest"-"Guns, Germs, and Steel" on Tuesday before the test. Time period: 1491-1607. Pay attention to the Key Concepts that are in Curriculum booklet I gave to each student. ex. Key Concept 1.1-As native populations migrated and settled across the vast expanse of North America over time, they developed distinct and increasingly complex societies by adapting to and transforming their diverse environments. What is your evidence from Taylor that supports this key concept? Actively engage in this manner as you study.
Homework: Monday 1/14-Since you finished with 3 docs now add 3 more that support your thesis and describe them in detail–example–"He"–instead, "President Johnson spoke in front of Congress sharing his vision on why it was necessary to eradicate poverty and some ideas that would do this. His programs included……….
You should be typing this DBQ as we go now–HC, Thesis, Organize your body paragraphs with a nice umbrella sentence that goes back to a thesis point and start inserting the docs that support that point. Any problems look at Tom Richey–DBQ part 2. This completed and typed DBQ is due Friday in class.
Tuesday: 1-15–Class emphasis is getting the complexity point which involves adding more sophisticated layers to your essay. We will work in groups and find lists of things that work in layering and for significant outside information. HW–layer up your essay….
Homework: Thursday 1/10–Each of you picked one of the following: Progressive Era, New Deal, or Great Society for your DBQ–tonight take the area that you will be writing about a using your APUSH AMSCO Prep book, read that chapter in review fashion looking at salient points that might apply to your historic context and dbq in general.Progressive ERA is chapter 21 starts page 431. New Deal is Chapter 24 starts page 496. Great Society will be found in chapter 28 called "Promise and Turmoil in the 1960's.
At this point each of you should have a decent historic context and thesis statement. Over the weekend pick out 3 docs that support your thesis statement and write the description and the POV, or Audience, or Purpose, or describe the historical situation that existed at the time that influenced the creation of that particular doc.
Happy New Year returning APUSH students! Be sure that you do the following: Have your own copy of Alan Taylor's "American Colonies" to show me in class. Be sure that your binder is looking good and has been cleaned out of extraneous papers and that your Interactive Notebook looks good. Within the month of January you will need to put a $20 deposit on the AP test that is on Friday May 10th from approximately 8:00 to about 11:30.
12/11-homework-APUSH-read the packet that has Richard Nixon and the 1970's in it. We will have a seminar on it on Wednesday. Be sure you number your paragraphs and hilight the answers in your packet.
12/11-homework–AP European History-read the following selections from the small white primary source book-Docs 27-4, Docs 27-5, and Doc 27-6. We will go over the docs in class tomorrow. And finally, use wikipedia to look up Leon Blum, a French politician that was prominent in the government from 1936-1940. Answer the following-can use bullets. What was the "Dreyfuss" affair and how was he affected by it? Where on the political spectrum would one put him? What challenges did he face as leader of France? What was his stance on the Spanish Civil War –why? How did he react to the Vichy government? What happened to him during WWII? Tomorrow–we will look at the rise of the "Welfare state" in Western Europe and its reasons. He is an example from France.
Look up 5 Herb Block Cartoons dealing with McCarthyism reinforcing the work in class today. Sometimes you see his name as Herblock, the way he writes it on his cartoons.
AP European: Go over your notes on German Unification. Spend about 2o minutes.
AP European: Read pages 684-690.
APUSH: In Workbook–Unit 3-read pages 44-63 and answer questions as you go. Be sure that you can answer the following questions in class with evidence on Monday–What was Hoover's Response to the Great Depression? How did people respond to his leadership? To what extent were there a downturn in economic growth and consumer spending? How desperate were people?
USH HW–Using your AP prep book-red/white/blue by Amsco do the following: On page 490-check off all the terms or people you have some knowledge of. Do the MC questions on pages 491-494 and answer the Short Answer Questions using bullet points, etc. pages 494-495. Any problems use the chapter in the prep book to find answers.
AP Euro-(Kennedy and Alison) You missed class Friday —contact someone in class to get the questions for graded seminar on Monday. In particular, the Napoleon ones that require new information from textbook to be read.
APUSH–Reminder–Cereal Box Day! Friday-November 2nd.
AP European–Due Friday, Nov 2nd–watch John Green's crash course #29 on the French Revolution. At this point you should know the beginning parts well. However, after you watch it, answer the following question in your interactive notebook–According to John Green what are historians still debating regarding the French Revolution? Which revolution was more radical–the French or the American Revolution? Explain why.
AP European History: Declaration of Rights of Man and the Citizen 1789 in white primary source book. page 343-345. For the Cafe' Liberte on Monday choose 5 that appeal to you in your French character. Be ready to tell the class why you believe in those rights or not.
Change APUSH: Cereal Box will be due Friday, Nov. 2nd.
APUSH–10/22-Monday HW-Review Becoming a World Power: 1865-1917 in your Amsco AP Prep Book. Be sure you can answer the questions from page 426-430 for Quiz, Wednesday on Imperialism. It will take around 40 minutes. Be sure to bring Unit Two-student resource packet to use after–you will have questions to answer from it pretty much wrapping up WWI for now.
APUSH HW- Wed. night. Be sure you can answer the following questions. 1) How did life change for German Americans during WWI? 2) What types of propaganda contributed to the change?3) Identify the following: The Trading with the Enemy Act of 1917, the Espionage Act of 1917 and the Sedition Act of 1918. Give examples of how the Espionage Act of 1917 was used against individuals? 4) How did people respond to this? 5) Documents A to D–complete the graphic organizer comparing speech by Debs and Schenck vs. U.S (Supreme Court Decision) 6) Thought question-how is American Identity changing as a result of the war? We will go over in class on Thursday.
AP European History–10/22-Monday-Read about Austria and Germany's path to Absolutism in textbook pages 495-497. Create a chart comparing their push to absolutism with that of Russia. Keep this in mind as you read: As a result of the Holy Roman Empire's limitation of sovereignty in the Peace of Westphalia, Prussia rose to power and the Habsburgs centered in Austria shifted their empire eastward.
AP Euro–10/23–Create your French character for Cafe' Liberte on Friday. Research a French name-first and last, occupation, area of France you come from, feelings about the Revolution–after stage #1. Type up this–You will be introducing yourself at the Cafe'.
AP European History: Due Monday in class-typed (12pt.), the DBQ on Louis XIV.
APUSH–Cereal Box Project is due Tuesday October 30th in class. Your cereal box hero will meet other students cereal box heroes.
APUSH: Thursday: African American Civil Rights reading packet and questions.
Weekend: Progressive Women's piece with questions. Seminar/fishbowl using both the Civil Rights piece and the Progressive Women's piece.
APUSH Homework for Monday 10.15.18 –In your Student Resources Packet/Unit Two/Workbook-Fill out the chart on pages 34 and 35 using information from pages 36-52.
AP European Homework for Monday 10.15.18 create an illustrated timeline in your interactive Notebook that goes from James I to the "Glorious Revolution".
APUSH Homework for weekend has been given out in class on Thursday: Plunkitt–Seminar on Monday.
AP European Weekend Homework was given out in class on Friday. If you missed class for any reason, I can email a copy to you if necessary. We are starting to move fast now and falling behind is not an option. Next week-quizzes or tests on Scientific Revolution, English Civil War, and Absolutism most likely will be on Wednesday. Enlightenment on Thursday and Dr. Nadeau kicks off French Revolution on Friday.
APUSH : HW-Oct. 2nd–In white book read: pages 112 and 113 on immigration. And read Social Darwinism in the Gilded Age and answer questions on page 119 and page 120. In your interactive notebook create two drawings-separate pages. One showing the end of the frontier according to Frederick Jackson Turner and one showing the impact of Social Darwinism (Scientific Racism) on America.
Thursday HW-Oct 5th--Progressive Era Questions on new chapter to be given out in class.Answer in Interactive Notebook.
Friday in class-Oct. 6th–More Progressive Era Questions to answer in Interactive Notebook.
TESTs: MAJOR GRADES AP EUROPEAN-next WEDNESDAY-10-3 (writing part) and next THURSDAY 10-4 (MC part)-Module #1 (1450-1648) Minor Grade: Seminar this Friday-9-28.
AP European: Monday night-9/24–Using the white primary source book, Sources of Western Society, read the following: Document 15-3 and Document15-4 and answer the questions on page 239 and 241.
Tuesday-9-25 -Class Handout–Part I. pretend that you are a reporter assigned to the town of Valladolid where Bishop Friar Bartolome' de las Casas from the New World and Dr. Gines de Sepulveda, chronicler to the Emperor debate how the Indians of the New World should be treated. In your interactive notebook, create a one page article for a newspaper hi-lighting who they were, the points of their different opinions, and a short op-ed opinion at the bottom explaining where you think their viewpoints came from. Insert your opinion as a writer of the time living in Spain in your op'ed piece. Part II. Using information from the handout on the Spanish Armada, write a brief paragraph from the point of view of the Spanish justifying their reasons for invading England in 1588. Be sure you look up Sir Francis Drake and his exploits.
Wednesday HW–You were given a Short Answer response in class covering the commercial economy in the time period from 1450-1600. Cut out the question–use glue stick to paste into interactive notebook. Remember that commercial is translated as "trading". Answer the question: A.& B& C in your interactive notebook writing in ink and complete sentences. This is a graded homework when I pick up notebooks for a grade. When it says "One" stick to one logical reason and then elaborate. The words Describe, explain, call for 3 to 4 sentences per answer. These are the Questions in case anyone lost theirs or are absent today. Answer all parts of the question that follows: Commercial simply means trade. Substitute "trade" whenever commercial shows up.
a. Describe one reason for the growth of a commercial economy in Europe during the period 1450-1600.
b. Explain one effect of the growth of a commercial economy on politics in Europe during the period 1450-1600.
c. Explain one effect of the growth of a commercial economy on social structures in Europe during the period 1450-1600.
Thursday: organize your work on exploration and prepare for a graded seminar. Information from primary resources will be used to answer questions such as the following: Can the deaths of native peoples from disease and conquest be considered a true holocaust as some suggest or should they be looked upon differently? Compare two views of the Aztec conquest by the Spanish–how do they differ? Similarities? Gary Nash: excerpt from Red, White, and Black–what is his thesis? How does it go against traditional interpretations of events? European sources of the time tried to discern how the new civilizations and people should be understood. What "culture shock" did European's have as a result of discovery of the America's?
AP European: Wednesday night HW–Using the questions from the handout in class do questions 1-5, you may write on the sheet. Thursday in class–we will be looking at the documents from the 2018 DBQ and Friday we will watch excerpts from "Africa's Great Civilizations" concentrating on the Portuguese and the slave trade. Weekend-finish packet.
APUSH: Monday night HW-9.10.18–Handouts in class–TP12 and IN22. Read in the AMSCO prep book pages 298-304.
Tuesday night HW-9.11.18–Finish essay on Reconstruction. (Do not go over 2 pages.) Start to review doing MC AP prep test questions-p. 601-603 textbook and MC questions AMSCO prep book–page 305-308.
Monday Night: 9.10. 18–AP European Read the III part of the chapter (pages 423-428) that deals with the spread of the Protestant Reformation to different areas by different sects. Answer the following questions:1) Choose 3 places and explain why were the three places so different in the way they developed when they had a common background as Protestant?2) How were secular rulers or secular situations involved in all three in some way? 3) Geographically–what became Protestant areas and what remained Catholic areas?
APUSH: I am going to be going over the basic outline of Reconstruction in class for no more than 2 days while you start reading and doing questions in the Unit One: Student Resource Packet. Due to time lost, this seems the best way to go. Mrs.B. APUSH HW: Thursday: Read Unit One Overview–page #7-Though it says 3 and 1/2 weeks we will move faster. Read pages 9-24-answering in the book, questions on pages 11,15,18 and 21. More to follow for this weekend.
AP European History Homework: Using the internet look up the following and compare them to how the Jews were treated in European History. In your interactive notebook write a paragraph about each explaining why the genocide or mass killing occurred and how the world responded.
The French Huguenots during the reign of Louis XIV after the Edict of Nantes was repealed and replaced by the Edict of Fountainbleu, the genocide of the Armenians by the Turks (around 1919), and the late 20th collapse of Yugoslavia into Croatia, Bosnia, and Serbia.
AP European History: Tuesday HW–study for quiz, chapter 13. Wednesday: Short Answer Question Quiz-worth 100 pts.
A. "How does War create change?
B. Was the Civil War a war of choice or a war of necessity?
What are two commonalities that occur because of war?
How did technology and disease impact the number of war casualties?
Gettysburg and Vicksburg were both "turning point" battles of the Civil War and fought in 1863. Why do you think the war continued for 2 more years?
Read Lincoln's 2nd Inaugural Address: Why do you believe it is different than the First Inaugural? What has happened to Lincoln?
AP European Weekend Homework: Finish reading chapter 13 and take notes on important terms at the end of the chapter in your interactive notebook.
Week of August 27th--AP European History: Monday and Tuesday art and architecture of the Italian and Northern Renaissance. Wednesday short quiz on chapter 13 on a short day. Thursday–essay to write. Friday–finish chapter 13 with the Spanish Inquisition.
I. 4 spiral bound notes that EACH have 150 college-ruled pages in them OR you may buy 8 spiral bound college ruled notebooks that have 70 pages each. (You will bring one at a time to class each day). Currently, the latter can be found on sale for $1 each at Office Depot. These will be our Interactive Notebooks that will only be used for the 4 time periods tested by the AP European exam and in the case of APUSH, the 4 time periods tested on the EOC in December and for review for the May AP exam. They will be used for our notes, identifications, drawings, reflections, homework, etc. No other class can be kept in them. Periodically, they will be picked up and various parts graded.
II. An inch and a 1/2 binder with one pack of college-ruled paper inside. Pack of dividers or make your dividers from construction paper. Again, it must be kept only for this class.
III. A pack of 100 3×5 index cards to throw into the class supply, one box of kleenex, dark blue or black pens for formal essays and identifications, a ruler, a glue stick, and gel pens or colored pencils for drawings in interactive notebooks. I assume all of you have regular pencils or mechanical pencils.
IV. I will give suggestions for exam prep books you can buy but this year I am not having students buy additional workbooks. Possibly, we will have a Social Studies department fee but the administration has not told us yet on how this will be collected.
V. APUSH extras—This semester–each student is required to have a copy of the AMSCO prep book for 2018. My students last year each had a copy and you can buy theirs and Mrs. Saunders HUSH students each had a copy they purchased. OR you can order one off Amazon. The copy must be 2018 because it is in line with new test. Second Semester–American Colonies by Alan Taylor is the book we will read for seminar along with possibly requiring online postings to specific questions related to the book.
VI. Both classes–Summer assignments due Monday, August 13th–It will be our first major grade of the quarter. Any questions–email me at Patricia.J.Becker@jppss.k12.la.us. Thank you.
AP European Summer Reading Choices and Assignment: Choose 1 to read.Questions follow the APUSH List. Due the 3rd day of school. Enjoy.
A World Lit Only By Fire by William Manchester- Catholic Popes, Martin Luther, Magellan -controversial book in some ways. criticized by some historians. Certainly has a thesis that is not difficult to discern.
The Tudors : the complete story of England's Most Notorious Dynasty by G.J. Meyer. My favorite part of the book is that for every chapter there is a following prologue that gives some great facts about the time. Not a weekend read.
Quarrel with the King by Adam Nicholson–The Pembroke family and their struggle with English monarchs, circa 1520-1650.
Elizabeth I –there are a number of excellent ones you can choose.
Paper: paging through history by Mark Kurlanskey–placed here but it covers many periods.
The Romantic Revolution: A History ( Modern Library Chronicles) by Tim Blanning. Blanning is a preeminent British Historian who specializes in the 17th-19th centuries. This is one of his shorter book at 182 pages and emphasizes cultural history. Another highly rated one, though more rigorous, is The Pursuit of Glory: Europe 1648-1815.
The French Intifada by Andrew Hussay–focus is on French colonialism/Algeria.
1913-In Search of the World Before the Great War by Charles Emmerson. Almost like a travelogue visiting the great cities of Europe, the U.S. and places around the world before the European cataclysmic event of the war.
Guns of August by Barbara Tuchman. The first days of mobilization–could the war have been averted, what were the forces that were like a snowball traveling down a hill. Starts slow but great overall read.
Testament of Youth–Vera Brittain–1st book of her memoirs from 1900-1925. published in 1933.
Letters from a Lost Generation: First World War Letters of Vera Brittain and 4 Friends. (letters written from 1913-1918. Edited by Alan Bishop and Mark Bostridge.
1919 by Margaret MacMillan. Focuses on the Treaty of Versailles. Decisions there influenced our world today.
Any book by Max Hastings is good–Hastings is also all over the Internet and it is quite enjoyable to listen to his short lectures on different topics if the 20th century wars are an interest of yours.
Biography of Winston Churchill-your choice-there are a number of excellent ones.
The Shame of Survival: Working Through a Nazi Childhood by Ursula Mahlendorf.
A.J.P Taylor: The Origins of the Second World War . This is a classic in terms of his thesis published in 1961.
Savage Continent by Keith Lowe–It discusses the millions of displaced Europeans right after WWII and before the Marshall Plan kicks in.
AP United States History Summer Booklist: Choose one and do the questions. Some all answer and some will pertain only to your book type. Have a good read!
AP United States History (APUSH)—Each student should read one book but can choose from the books or authors below. I have posted on my wiki, some general questions to answer as you read the book so check my wiki after Memorial Day. Be sure that you read actively and engage with the material. We will be using information from the books the first week in discussion, etc. On the first day of class, I will get the name of your book from you and by day 3 you should bring to class the answers to the questions written neatly or typed and printed. I am very interested that you be able to identify the thesis of the author (his claim about the history of the time).
Historian Gordon Wood is a specialist on the American Revolution. His books to choose from are "The American Revolution: A History (Modern Library Chronicles)—very readable for high school, "Revolutionary Characters: What Made the Founders Different", and "Radicalism of the American Revolution".
Walter Isaacson: "Benjamin Franklin: An American Life".
Jon Meacham: " American Lion: Andrew Jackson in the White House".
Daniel Walker Howe: What Had God Wrought: The Transformation of America. 1816-1848.
David Blight: Race and Reunion-The Civil War in American Memory.
James McPherson: Battle Cry of Freedom.
Erik Larson, Devil in the White City. Chicago World's Fair 1893 combined with a serial killer.
H.W. Brands, The Reckless Decade: America in the 1890's.
James Green, Death in the Haymarket: A Story of Chicago, the First Labor Movement and the Bombing that Divided Gilded Age America.
Candace Millard, Destiny Republic: A Tale of Madness, Medicine, and the Murder of a President.
Progressive Era: 1900-1920 and the 1920's.
Doris Kearns Goodwin, The Bully Pulpit (about Theodore Roosevelt) The most advanced of this group.
James Chace, 1912: Wilson, Roosevelt, Taft, and Debs: The Election that Changed the Country.
David Pietrusza, 1920, The Year of Six Presidents.
Margaret MacMillan, 1919. The short and long term implications of the Treaty of Versailles. Great introduction to Woodrow Wilson's character and the beginnings of our real rise as a world power.
H.W. Brands, American Dreams: The United States Since 1945.
Questions for all summer readers-APUSH and AP European ( If you do not understand a word, look it up)–1) Why did you choose this particular book as opposed to another one on the list? 2) In a paragraph explain, what was the author's "claim"about the topic of history explained in the book? (in other words the thesis) 3) What previously held ideas or beliefs does this particular book debunk or in what ways does this book introduce new ideas to you? 4) Choose 3 quotations (can also be specific pages or even sections) from your book and explain in writing why they are important to understanding the book or representative of what the author is trying to prove in his/her book. What meaning did you gain from them? Optional Question- that can be substituted if a question below in the other sections does not work for your book–What does the author not answer and what question would you like to ask the author related in some way to his/her book?
4) If you chose a biography– A) create a diagram showing the outline of a person on regular printing paper (or a piece of poster board if you choose)—Eyes, Ears, Head, Hands,Feet, Heart–for each of the following on the diagram show who your person was by displaying in some way (words, symbols) that display their personal characteristics, their moral beliefs and their values (you can create a moral compass if you like for this part) , positions on the issues of their times, and their ultimate accomplishments and failures. (skill-Analysis) B) Find at least 5 prominent people who lived at the same time discussed in the book and rank your historic figure in comparison. Use 3 different criteria on which to rank the figures. (skill-Comparison) C) Why do you think your historic figure is one that has persisted in the memory of America or Europe or the World?
5) If your book was one in which a major event was a watershed like the Civil War or the Cold War or the Treaty of Versailles, "Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee", Revolutionary Era, or "World Lit Only By Fire" etc. answer the following series of questions beyond the general ones. A) Explain the "historic context" that led to your event. (essentially the background to your event) B) What changes occurred as a result of the major event or events that had future historical impacts? C) How has this event impacted us even to this day? question C-Minimum of a page-handwritten.D) Write Identifications–both description and significance-of at least 5 people who appeared in the book.
6) If your book was one in which "diversity" in some way was a main theme or focus in some way answer the following questions. A) What challenges did these groups have in America? Europe? the World? (dependent on your book) B) Draw a mosaic showing the accomplishments of this group. You may use a computer to show this if you are graphically challenged:) C) What government policies helped or hurt this group? D) Write Identifications-both description and significance of at least 5 people who appeared in the book.
7) Focus on "Micro" Events in History–If your book focuses on a specific event or a specific topic,examples being "Devil in the White City" or "Cod" answer the following set of questions. A) Micro events are linked to larger and broader themes like politics, economics, immigration, art, intellectual, social trends. Describe 3 different ways in which your micro event is linked to a larger theme. Each should be a well-written paragraph. B) Using information from your book describe how people interact and change their environment both positively and negatively.C) How have these micro events influenced our world today? Or, why is this micro event no longer relevant in 2017? D) Place your micro event in the historical context in which it occurred. What types of things were happening before and what were happening after? E) Write Identifications that include a description of and a significance for 5 people that appeared in the book.
Questions for all summer readers-APUSH and AP European History ( If you do not understand a word, look it up)–1) Why did you choose this particular book as opposed to another one on the list? 2) In a paragraph explain, what was the author's "claim"about the topic of history explained in the book? (in other words the thesis) 3) What previously held ideas or beliefs does this particular book debunk or in what ways does this book introduce new ideas to you? 4) Choose 3 quotations (can also be specific pages or even sections) from your book and explain in writing why they are important to understanding the book or representative of what the author is trying to prove in his/her book. What meaning did you gain from them? Optional Question- that can be substituted if a question below in the other sections does not work for your book–What does the author not answer and what question would you like to ask the author related in some way to his/her book?
AUGUST 2018-2019-APUSH extra books to purchase. All APUSH classes or any other American History class I teach, get yourselves the 2018 AMSCO United States History Prep Book–I taught 60 students last year and Mrs. Saunders used the book for HUSH, so ask last years juniors to sell them to you. They paid $20 last year for it, so in good shape $8 to $10 dollars is fair. Otherwise order from Amazon yourself. Also, buy Alan Taylor's American Colonies–my last years students have them–no digital copies–Though we do not use it in seminar till second semester, the Introduction and first two chapters should be read during the summer or over the Winter break.


text:
Descomunização é o processo de desmantelamento do legado cultural e psicológico do comunismo nos países pós-comunistas. É, às vezes, referido como limpeza política (lustração). O termo é mais comumente aplicado aos antigos países do Bloco do Leste e os Estados pós-soviéticos para descrever uma série de mudanças legais e sociais durante o período pós-comunista.

Em alguns países, a descomunização incluiu a proibição de símbolos comunistas. Partilhando traços comuns, os processos de descomunização têm corrido de forma diferente em diferentes nações.

Organizações de descomunização

 Camboja - Salakdei khmero kraham (Tribunal do Khmer Vermelho).
 República Tcheca - Úřad dokumentace a vyšetřování zločinů komunismu (Agência para documentação e investigação dos crimes do comunismo) e Instituto para o Estudo dos Regimes Totalitários.
 Eslováquia - Ústav pamäti národa (Instituto da Memória Nacional).
 Estônia - Inimsusevastaste Kuritegude Uurimise Eesti Rahvusvaheline Komisjon (Comissão estoniana internacional para a investigação de crimes contra a humanidade).
 Alemanha - Bundesbeauftragter für die Stasi-Unterlagen (BStU - Comissão federal para os arquivos da Stasi).
 Indonésia - Orde Baru ("Nova Ordem").
 Hungria - Instituto histórico da revolução húngara de 1956.
 Lituânia - Lietuvos gyventojų genocido ir rezistencijos tyrimo centras (Centro lituano de estudo do genocídio e resistência).
 Polônia - Instytut Pamięci Narodowej - Komisja Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu - IPN (Instituto da Memória Nacional).
 Romênia - Institutul de Investigare a Crimelor Comunismului și Memoria Exilului Românesc (Instituto para a investigação dos crimes comunistas na Romênia).
 Ucrânia - Український інститут національної пам'яті (Instituto ucraniano para a memória nacional, ver: descomunização na Ucrânia e leis de descomunização ucranianas).

Ações legais contra antigos líderes comunistas

Ex-comunistas acusados de crimes contra a humanidade e violações dos direitos humanos, especialmente integrantes das polícias secretas comunistas, foram submetidos a políticas governamentais de lustração, (ostracismo político) sendo impedidos de ocupar cargos políticos ou administrativos.

 Bulgária: Todor Zhivkov foi condenado a 7 anos de prisão, mas cumpriu apenas um dia de pena sendo libertado por "razões de saúde".
 Camboja: Kang Kek Iew é, até o momento, o único líder do Khmer Vermelho indiciado enquanto Pol Pot e outros, viveram livres de acusações.
 Alemanha Oriental: Erich Honecker foi preso, mas logo libertado devido a problemas de saúde. Várias pessoas, como Egon Krenz, foram condenadas.
 Polônia: Wojciech Jaruzelski evitou comparecer na maioria das audiências no tribunal alegando problemas de saúde. Morreu em 2014.
 Romênia: Nicolae Ceaușescu e sua esposa Elena foram condenados à morte e executados em 25 de Dezembro de 1989.

Resultados

Partidos comunistas fora dos Países Bálticos não foram proscritos e seus membros não foram processados. Apenas alguns lugares tentaram excluir até membros de serviços de inteligência comunistas das tomadas de decisões. Em vários países, o partido comunista simplesmente mudou seu nome e continuou atuante.

Stephen Holmes, da Universidade de Chicago, argumentou em 1996 que, depois de um período de forte descomunização, o resultado foi um fracasso quase universal. Após a introdução do lustrismo, a demanda por bodes expiatórios tornou-se relativamente baixa, ex-comunistas foram eleitos para cargos governamentais e, outros ocuparam cargos administrativos. Holmes observa que a única exceção real foi a antiga Alemanha Oriental, onde milhares de antigos informantes da Stasi foram demitidos de cargos públicos.

Holmes sugere as seguintes razões para o fracasso da descomunização:

 Após 45-70 anos de regimes comunistas, quase todas as famílias têm membros associados ao estado. Após o desejo inicial de "erradicar os vermelhos", veio a percepção de que uma punição maciça estaria incorreta e, que seria considerado injusto apontar apenas alguns culpados.
 A urgência dos problemas econômicos do pós-comunismo faz com que os crimes do passado comunista fossem vistos como "notícias velhas" por muitos cidadãos.
 A descomunização passou a ser considerada como um jogo de poder das elites.
 A dificuldade de atingir a elite social faria necessário um Estado totalitário que retirasse direitos dos "inimigos do povo" de forma rápida e eficiente e o desejo de normalidade supera o desejo de justiça punitiva.
 Muito poucos indivíduos têm um passado perfeitamente "limpo" e, por isso, estão disponíveis para preencher posições que exigem conhecimentos significativos. As pessoas começaram a lembrar que a ideia de Lenin de que "qualquer cozinheira pode governar o estado" falhou.
 Matthew White encontrou no Los Angeles Times e no The Times, artigos de 1998 e 2000, respectivamente, que afirmavam que de 3 a 6 milhões de russos e outros cidadãos de antigos estados comunistas morreram (ou não nasceram) devido à piora das condições de vida após a queda do comunismo.

Ver também

 Anticomunismo
 Assassinatos em massa sob regimes comunistas
 Colapso econômico da União Soviética
 Desestalinização
 Desnazificação
 Dia Europeu da Memória das Vítimas do Estalinismo e do Nazismo
 Memorial das Vítimas do Comunismo
 Nova Direita
 Neocomunismo
 Patocracia
 Ponerologia
 Revoluções de 1989
 Vergangenheitsbewältigung

Bibliografia

Ligações externas

 Decommunization.org - Trials, Purges and History Lessons. Timothy Ash,  Acessado em 30 de abril de 2017.
 BBC Brasil - "Por que transformei Lênin em Darth Vader". Fiona Macdonald, 26 de Outubro de 2015, acessado em 30 de abril de 2017.

Descomunização
Guerra Fria
Idade Contemporânea
Política da Ásia
Política da Europa

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Top left, a wounded man is carried out of a frontline hospital after receiving treatment, Aleppo, 2012. Top right, a Syrian rescue worker carries a man following an alleged airstrike in Aleppo, 2014. Bottom left, search and rescue team members carry a man after Syrian regime airstrikes in Aleppo, 2016. Bottom right, a Syrian man carries a wounded girl after airstrikes in Eastern Ghouta, 2018.
Adam is just one of many Syrians who spend their spare waking moments speaking to Western journalists, trying to explain what it is like being on the ground as the bombs fall.
Once the footage is online people like Ethar El-Katatney, executive producer of AJ+, pick it up, and try to work out how they can tell the next story from Syria.
El-Katatney, speaking by phone from New York, has covered the conflict from her newsroom since the revolution began in 2011. She recently tweeted her frustration at seeing such similar images again and again, and the difficulty in getting people to care about the situation.
I just saw 3 seconds of a Syrian boy, covered in blood & dust, crying out for his dead father. Immediate tears. It isn't normal to be witnessing this every day. It just isn't. 100 dead today. And as a manger of a newsroom, I still don't know how can I possibly make people care.
The failure of the United Nations and other international efforts to stop the war, or even present a credible timeline for an end to the fighting, can feel like a huge shadow over any humanitarian efforts to mitigate the effects of the conflict. And after seven years, the conflict is getting only more entrenched and complicated.
"We have hit a ceiling in shocking people," El-Katatney said. "From [a] pool of blood, or a dying child, and now people have come across severed limbs, decapitation. I don't think there is anything that I can show that will shock anyone, no matter what it is.
A wounded man waits for treatment in Eastern Ghouta following an assault by regime and Russian forces in March.
BuzzFeed News analysis, using the social media monitoring tool BuzzSumo, found that the number of shares on the most-read stories about Syria — across all publishers — has fallen dramatically in little over a year.
Comparisons are difficult, partly due to fluctuations in the intensity of the conflict, and also owing to Facebook's recent algorithm change at the end of 2017. Nevertheless, the figures are stark.
In the final two months of 2016, as the four-year siege of the rebel-held city of Aleppo ended in brutal fashion, the four more-shared stories were all shared more than 300,000 times. The best performing story (about how people could help civilians trapped in Aleppo) was shared more than half a million times, almost entirely on Facebook.
However, in January and February this year, as the Syrian regime and Russian forces bombarded the enclave of Eastern Ghouta, the most viral piece across all publishers (a BBC News article about children struggling to survive) was shared just 42,000 times.
Just deeply disheartening to see readership numbers drop whenever we do a Syria story in the newsletter. Like clockwork.
@SulomeAnderson I do find myself scrolling past photos of dead children in Ghouta, because the pics make me feel so helpless. It's horrible and horrific, but I don't know what I can do about it.
"In other words, if you see one person in danger or having been killed, you feel very badly. If you see a second person you don't feel twice as bad," he said. It gets worse, according to Slovic, because the more death and destruction you see, on social media for example, the more your feelings of empathy actually decreases. "One plus one is less than two," in this situation, he said.
"We do numb to repeated photographs, just like we numb to increasing numbers of individuals," he said.
Top left, a wounded Syrian child receives medical treatment at a hospital in Aleppo, 2012. Top right, an injured girl is treated at a makeshift hospital in Douma, 2014. Bottom left, Omran Daqneesh sits alone in the back of the ambulance after he got injured during air strikes, Aleppo, 2016. Bottom right, a Syrian girl receives treatment at a make-shift hospital in Douma, 2018.
The rate of information, images, and outrage makes it harder to focus on that one important thing.
Echoing some of the findings of Slovic's research, Syrians say that they've struggled to sustain the attention of the international community since the beginning of the conflict on March 15, 2011, when pro-democracy protests were subject to a brutal government crackdown. Since then almost half a million people have been killed, 5 million more have fled the country, and 6 million have been displaced internally.
One of the central stories of the war has been the international community's failure to end it, or even protect civilians.
The specific UN mission to monitor the conflict was suspended a year into the war because of "escalating violence." Carla Del Ponte, a veteran of prosecuting war criminals in Rwanda, resigned from the UN Commission to Investigate Syria last year. She said there was culture of total impunity in Syria, and she did not have the backing of the international political community. "That is not acceptable," she said. Russian UN representatives have repeatedly vetoed resolutions, while Syria's commissioner, Bashar Jaafari infamously laughed when asked about hospital bombings in Aleppo.
Decisions made by US President Donald Trump's administration have contributed to keeping the conflict from the international community's attention. Despite bombing Syria, Trump's only focus in the country has been ISIS, leaving a vacuum that has been occupied fully by Vladimir Putin's Russian forces, who have worked together with the regime of Bashar al-Assad to bombard the remaining rebels, like those in besieged Eastern Ghouta.
Top left, a boy walks past a building destroyed during fighting in Aleppo, 2012. Top right, A child spotted walking in the rubbles of Aleppo, 2014. Bottom left, a Syrian child in Aleppo, 2016. Bottom right, a Syrian boy runs past a destroyed building in Douma, 2018.
"I think the world is frustrated by the actions of the major powers," said Salwa Aksoy, vice president of the National Coalition of Syrian Revolution and Opposition Forces. "The struggle has lasted so long, and the scale of the war crimes has reached a level where there is just too much pain for the international community to look at it," she told BuzzFeed News in an interview on the sidelines of a press conference in Istanbul in February.
In an attempt to cut through the violence of the repeated images and provoke action, UNICEF released a "blank" statement at the end of February.
Speaking to BuzzFeed News over the phone from Amman, Jordan, Touma struggled to articulate what the UN — and perhaps aid agencies more generally — could do next. "All of our calls to protect children inside Syria have gone unheeded," she said.
Meanwhile, for many casual readers and viewers Syria is the same picture, same story, same situation as it was seven years ago.
"Watching it every day it just never stops, it never changes," El-Katatney said. "It is just saturation. It's desensitization, it's numbness, it's paralysis.
For Adam, messaging from a rooftop elsewhere in Ghouta, he could see the people not retweeting his stories, but he could also hear the shelling continue. "Today, like always bombing, airstrikes, and people killed. Like every day," he said.
Borzou Daraghi also contributed to this report.
A member of the Russian military police stands guard between the portraits of Bashar al-Assad (R) and Vladimir Putin at a checkpoint on the outskirts of Damascus.


Hampton is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 14 kilometres (9 mi) south-east of Melbourne's central business district.
Hampton, like Brighton, started off as a place of market gardens in the 1840s and 1850s, supplying fruits and vegetables for Melbourne. In the 1850s, interest started to grow in the beaches in the area as places for daytrips and holidays for Melbournians, particularly Picnic Point, on the beautiful bay foreshore of Hampton. This expanded when a railway line was built to Brighton Beach in the 1860s. In 1887, the railway line was extended to Sandringham, with a station servicing Picnic Point.


text:
Home Cities Chennai
Busts of Rajiv Disfigured in City
A day after Congress cadre and Tamil groups clashed in the city, three busts of former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi were found disfigured at various spots, leading to tension at various places in the city.
Published: 28th February 2014 07:42 AM | Last Updated: 28th February 2014 08:10 AM | A+A A-
A petrol-bomb too was hurled on a Naam Tamilar party office at Porur by around Wednesday midnight. However, no damage was caused as the petrol bomb did not catch fire and the miscreants fled the spot on sensing police presence.
A Rajiv Gandhi bust installed on Vepery High Road and another two on Perambur Barrack Road were found disfigured on Thursday morning. As the news spread, Congress members took out marches in protest of the insult to the party's erstwhile leader.
Around 60 Congress members were arrested in Vepery when they took out a rally towards the city police office. Another group of Congress party members were arrested at Porur when they took out a rally towards Naam Tamilar party leader Seeman's house, claiming the party members are responsible for disfiguring Rajiv Gandhi's busts.
A team of Congress party members submitted a petition in the State police headquarters office at Mylapore urging police to take action against the persons involved in Wednesday's attack on Congress party's office at Royapettah on Wednesday.
Meanwhile, on Thursday morning the police arrested seven persons belonging to Tamil Munnetra Padai in connection with the stone pelting incident at Royapettah on Wednesday.
Stay up to date on all the latest Chennai news with The New Indian Express App. Download now

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Originally published Monday, March 8, 2010 at 2:39 PM
Comments (0) E-mail article Print Share
GE: Limit PCB contamination during Hudson dredging
General Electric Co. on Monday proposed a halting further dredging of the Hudson River if PCBs churned up by the work spread too much pollution downriver during the second phase of an ongoing cleanup.
By MICHAEL HILL
Associated Press Writer
ALBANY, N.Y. —
GE made the proposal as the company and the federal Environmental Protection Agency were set to release separate reports assessing the dredging in 2009 of PCB "hot spots" north of Albany. The EPA had yet to release its report Monday afternoon, but the agency has been much more upbeat in its assessments of the dredging than GE, which is paying for the cleanup.
Proposals in both reports will be considered by a peer review panel, which will make recommendations this summer to the EPA on how to continue the federal Superfund project.
Last year's dredging was a test run for the far larger Phase 2 of the cleanup, a projected five-year project on 40 miles of river north of Albany that regulators want to start next year. The EPA wants a total of 2.65 million cubic yards of sediment removed from the river.
Crews working the river last summer found contamination of the river bed was deeper than expected and the work took longer.
GE said PCBs kicked up into the water during dredging presented a serious problem. So the company proposed setting a "hard cap" on the amount of PCBs that would be allowed to flow downstream during Phase 2. Crews would start by targeting the contaminated areas that otherwise would be most likely to pollute fish downriver.
"(T)o send more PCBs downriver than would happen without dredging eliminates the benefits of the remedy identified by EPA," the GE report said.
GE spokesman Mark Behan called the proposal a "smarter, more targeted approach." Still, it could result in work being stopped before meeting the EPA's removal target.
PCBs, or polychlorinated biphenyls, are considered probable carcinogens. GE plants in Fort Edward and neighboring Hudson Falls discharged wastewater containing PCBs for decades before the lubricant and coolant was banned in 1977.
The EPA was expected to call for more modest changes in the plan, such as recalculated productivity targets and tighter control on silt control.
"The completion of the first phase of dredging, while not without problems, has gone very well and is moving us closer to achieving the goal of a cleaner Hudson River," EPA Regional Administrator Judith Enck said in a prepared release. "The problems in Phase 1 will be addressed during the careful scientific review, which is now underway."
General Electric will not disclose projected costs, though others estimate it could exceed $700 million.
No comments have been posted to this article.
Read all comments / Share your thoughts


text:
ACCEPTED

#### According to
Index Fungorum

#### Published in
null

#### Original name
Parmelia omphalodes var. fallax H. Olivier

### Remarks
null

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Scrollable html JLabel I have a Jlabel packed with html.  I would like to scroll this content as you would with overflow : auto; in css.  I can't seem to get this to work.  Has anyone come across this?  I'd like to keep the content in HTML - for mark up - and use something light to scroll though it.
BTW: The Jlabel is in a popup - I can use something else other than a JLabel if needs be but would like to keep the html.
Cheers,
slotishtype

A: Put that JLabel in a JScrollPane instanciated that way :
JScrollPane scroller = new JScrollPane(myJLabel, JScrollPane.VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_AS_NEEDED, JScrollPane.HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_AS_NEEDED);

Notice that, as this constructor states, those parameters can be changed afterwards.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Henri Gouraud (narozen 1944) je francouzský vědec. Vynalezl Gouraudovo stínování, používané v počítačové grafice.

Během let 1964–1967 studoval na École Centrale Paris. Dostal Ph.D. na Univerzitě v Utahu v roce 1971, pracoval s Davem Evansem a Ivanem Sutherlandem na disertační práci nazvané Computer Display of Curved Surfaces.

Známá tvář, ukazující efekt jeho stínování, měla jeho ženu, Sylvii Gouraud, jako model.

Externí odkazy
 Biografie napsaná výzkumníkem z ECP

Narození v roce 1944
Žijící lidé
Francouzští vědci
Muži


text:
Britt Marianne Strandberg (later Lundén, born 31 March 1934) is a former Swedish cross-country skier. She competed at the 1960, 1964 and 1968 Winter Olympics in the 3 × 5 km relay and 5 and 10 km events. She won three medals in the relay with a gold in 1960 and silvers in 1964 and 1968. Her best individual result was fourth place over 10 km in 1964, only 7.4 seconds behind the bronze medal.

Strandberg also won 3 × 5 km relay medals at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships with a silver in 1962 and a bronze in 1966.

Cross-country skiing results
All results are sourced from the International Ski Federation (FIS).

Olympic Games
 3 medals – (1 gold, 2 silver)

World Championships
 2 medals – (1 silver, 1 bronze)

References

External links

1934 births
Living people
Swedish female cross-country skiers
Cross-country skiers at the 1960 Winter Olympics
Cross-country skiers at the 1964 Winter Olympics
Cross-country skiers at the 1968 Winter Olympics
Olympic gold medalists for Sweden
Olympic silver medalists for Sweden
Olympic medalists in cross-country skiing
FIS Nordic World Ski Championships medalists in cross-country skiing
Medalists at the 1960 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 1964 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 1968 Winter Olympics
20th-century Swedish women


After Pilates helped Claire Roberts recover from major back surgery, she felt compelled to help others reap the benefits.
She is now a fully qualified instructor running classes across Reading for stressed-out office workers, pregnant mums, those with major back injuries and sportsmen and women.
She told PAUL ROBINS about the Power of Pilates.
The business: Power of Pilates, (0118) 962 3826, 07984 471277, www.powerofpilates.co.uk.
Classes are held at: Our Lady of Peace Church in Earley, Wokingham Methodist Church, Crescent Resource Centre in Lower Earley, Advance Gym in Friar Street, Maiden Place Community Centre in Lower Earley and Fishponds Road in Wokingham.
The boss: Founder and head instructor Claire Roberts.
What's your business about? "We offer Pilates classes to children and adults at various locations in Earley and the surrounding area of Reading and Wokingham.
"Pilates is series of strength and mobility exercises which lengthen and strengthen your muscles without putting any stress on your joints or heart.
How did you start the business? "I was first introduced to Pilates as a part of my rehabilitation following major back surgery, after my disc collapsed back on my spinal cord causing temporary paralysis.
"It really helped me achieve a stronger, toned and more flexible body and I wanted to share the benefits with others. So I took the plunge and qualified as an instructor, and teaching Pilates became an all consuming passion.
What are the health benefits? "Pilates will not only change the way you look, but how you think and feel, increasing your understanding of your body.
"Regular Pilates classes will result in a leaner, more flexible body, flatter stomach, greater strength and muscle tone, and increase your body awareness.
Who are your customers? "Pilates is for everyone! We have a great mix of office workers, professional sports people, first-time exercisers, those looking to enhance general fitness or those wanting to help prevent injury or rehabilitation after an accident or injury.
Is Pilates just for women? "Absolutely not. The New Zealand All Blacks rugby team have incorporated Pilates into their weekly training schedule to strengthen their core and improve their mobility.
What sets you apart from other Pilates instructors? "The personal service. When I created Power of Pilates I wanted to ensure that the class size was restricted to allow everyone to have individual attention – each body is different and the session is tailored to take each person into consideration.
What are your plans for the future? "The next step is to get my own studio, although I will always continue to run classes across town because people like the local service.


I guess subconsciously I knew today was coming...I started editing my pictures from this amazing shoot we had last week...yet i wasn't sure why I was feeling so bad...I hate to even bring it up but somehow I feel I have to. I started blogging originally trying to find some sort of outlet when my mom passed away...Today is the infamous day...and yet I forgot that it was.
I am sure everyone who has lost someone remembers the day they found out...but it is almost surreal...like everything stopped and stood still...nothing mattered...NOTHING...amazing right? I mean we go through life stressing out, and watching the days fly by...but when you lose someone...EVERYTHING is in slow motion...I can only remember picking up the phone to hear my sister crying...she could hardly get the words out before the on call support got on the phone to tell me what was going on. I just kept saying "NO...wait...she was ok yesterday...NO" ughh...I was at work running around the office looking for my dad...he ran down stairs and took me outside... he was so brave...he immediately booked a flight to California. My husband ran to me outside of our office and drove me to my best friends house and I just sat there. She was amazing...I was a mess.
Our small family quickly migrated to my grandpa's (papa) and we just sat there. It was like all the fighting and struggling had been released and the reality had yet to sink in. I'm not sure if it is just me, but I am not sure it has even sunken in? Everything else was a blur...My sister flew back from California and we literally began taking thousands of pictures and putting them in frames and making collages...I know it sounds crazy, but it was like I couldn't stop...Today almost 4 years ago...I lost my mom...and I will forever be grateful to my friends and family who have helped me through this journey, it has been one and will continue to be. My grandpa looked at me, almost 82 years old 4 years ago and said "I miss my mom everyday, and I am 80" ughhhh that's a long time PAPA! but it just goes to show you...doesn't matter how old you are...it hurts just the same.
Not sure how I got into fashion and blogging...but I guess it was inspiring...and I have slowly realized how fashionable my mom really was...I wear almost all of her purses...I have some other pieces that I want to wear but I am just not quite there yet. Everyone is so sweet with their comments and emails...yet I somehow wish to forget this day. I don't want to remember it, but it is a part of life...I thank you for listening as always, I promise to show more pics from this amazing photo shoot in one of my favorite place in Las Vegas and another one of my mom's bags!
Awe Shana - here is a BIG HUG! I am so happy you blog, you are such an inspiration!
Love to you and your family! I wish I could hug you!!
you are a strong and beautiful lady and it is so good to hear that you have such a great family and support system. I am so sorry for your lose.
Sending e-hugs your way for this honest post.
Aww Shana. It is true, my parents still miss my grandmas and my grandpa even still misses his mom. There is no replacement for a lost parent. All we can do is love those ones we have still. My heart goes out to you.
Awww Shana boo...I want to give you a big hug and wipe away your tears and tell you that its going to be okay...that your mom is looking down on you, smiling because you're beautiful, because you have taken this tragic incident and from it you've created a very powerful outlet that inspires so many of us each day. I know it's hard and it's perfectly normal to think about her everyday. Just remember that she's safe and in a much better place than here.
Smooches hun. Keep your head held high!
Hugs to you. I empathize your loss.
Big hugs Shanna. I lost my mom just last month and I can't imagine there will ever come a time when I won't miss her.
I am sending a hug across the blogsphere. What an amazing family you have. Your mom is proud of you and watching over you!


text:
Ubisoft Reveals E3 Plans
May 26, 2018 / Stephen Crane
Ubisoft announced their plans for E3 (while not giving everything away), and we'll have a chance to check out Beyond Good and Evil 2, The Divison 2, Starlink: Battle for Atlas and more. We know that Ubisoft Toronto is working on Starlink: Battle for Atlas, and have worked on For Honor but we'll have to wait until E3 to see their full lineup.
Ubisoft's E3 conference kicks off at 1 PM PDT on Monday, June 11, at the Orpheum Theater in Los Angeles. Before the conference starts, tune in for a preshow starting at 12:15 PM PT / 8:15 PM CET when you'll be able to join in the live chat, see some awesome community content, and go behind the scenes with our teams around the world. When the show begins, expect some huge reveals, including fresh looks at Tom Clancy's The Division 2, Beyond Good & Evil 2, Skull and Bones, Starlink: Battle for Atlas and Transference, along with content for For Honor. Once that's wrapped up, stick around for the post-show, which will feature a deep dive at one of the games from the conference.
From June 12-14, the Ubisoft booth at the Los Angeles Convention Center will be packed with Ubisoft developers from around the world, so come join us in the South Hall at booth #1623. This year, we'll have more gameplay stations than ever before, as well as live demos on stage, shows from the Just Dance team. The Ubisoft shop will also offer a selection of the best items from Ubi Workshop and UbiCollectibles, including some E3 exclusive items. On top of this, everyone who plays through any of our demos on the booth will receive a selection of in-game rewards for free thanks to the Ubisoft Club.
E3 2019: Watch Dogs: Legion Announced
Far Cry New Dawn Out Now On PlayStation 4, Xbox One, and PC
Assassin's Creed Odyssey Legacy of the First Blade Episode 2 Out Now
Starlink: Battle for Atlas Gets Free Content Update
For Honor Gets A Special Assassin's Creed Event
For Honor Return of the Otherworld Event Goes Until November 8th
For Honor Marching Fire Out Now
Twitch Streams: Assassin's Creed Odyssey - Gameplay On The First Island
Assassin's Creed Odyssey Launch Trailer
Transference Out Now In Both VR And Non-VR
May 26, 2018 / Stephen Crane/ Comment /Source
Gaming, Video Games
Ubisoft, Ubisoft Toronto, E32018
Far Cry 5: Hours of Darkness ...
N++ Out Now On Switch


Dom was my favorite player last year, but I don't see FO bringing him back at this point. Not with 5 guys on our roster being capable of playing SF.
Getting Jack is a steal. Great back up who can also fill in as a starter if Curry goes down. He had a triple double against us too.
I just listed McGuire at SF because that's his natural position. He played the 4 for the Ws plenty last season. He has the size, defense, and rebounding ability to be a solid backup there IMO. I'm pulling for Jeremy Tyler though. I thought he showed a lot of improvement during the end of the season. Hopefully he keeps getting better.
I'm glad Dom is getting love.
When he and Nick Young were Wizards, I enjoyed watching them..
It's too bad that Eddie Jordan preferred jump shooting over defense and hustle.
McGuire couldn't make it in the Princeton offense.
^Dom brought toughness and played hard every night. He did it all, besides scoring, which we didn't need anyways. Great defense, good rebounder, and solid passer. Like I said, I'd love to have him back, but I don't think we'll bring him back with our current wing depth at the moment. Would be a shame if no one signs him this season.
In other new, Harrison Barnes just copyrighted his nickname "The Black Falcon". In b4 someone says he will be a bust because of that.
Young squad is looking good. Both Barnes and Klay look like 15+ ppg at least type of guys this year. And good rebounders as well. Ezeli and Green are doing everything they need to, great hustle plays and Tyler looks like a trustworthy backup at the 4.
Tyler looks like a trustworthy backup at the 4.
I know it's summer league but he looks completely lost and raw out there. He got 4 fouls in just 5:02 minutes of play in the 1st quarter today.
He has A LOT of work to do if he even wants to sniff a second on the court this year, and he knows it. If anything, my hopes/expectations for him have lowered. I see him in the D-League for a good part of this season.
Are these summer league games televised? If not where is the best place to watch them?
Carl Landry has reached agreement with the Warriors, his agent Mark Bartelstein says.
Carl Landry's deal with Golden State pays him $8 million for two years, Bartelstein says. Player option on second year.
We haven't had this much depth since 93-94.
Pete is just an arrogant wanna-be Jim Harbaugh but he's just not as smart.
yesssssss! Glad we kept him and not Dorrell.
I couldn't have hoped for a better off season. Props to FO & Bob Myers. Feels good seeing our starters all playing in their natural positions. Our bench is DEEP.
Didn't mention this before, but I loved the Bazemore signing. You can't teach effort or toughness, and he has both. Could become our Thabo Sefolosha.
Would you extend Curry now, or see how he holds up this season before giving him a contract?
If so, how much would you offer him?
I'm curious to see how things play out & what the FO decides to do.


text:
Social Enterprise Nonprofit
Business Panel Perspective
Starkey Hearing introduces Livio AI
New hearing aid promotes overall health and wellness
By Sarah Mosier
On a humid and cloudy Monday morning, employees were gathered in the parking lot at Starkey Hearing Technologies headquarters. From atop a temporary stage, Dr. Achin Bhowmik, the company's chief technology officer, was detailing the in and outs of the business' newest technology. Frequently interrupted by cheers and rounds of applause from the crowd decked out in matching t-shirts, the energy in the area was palpable. By the time the conference ended, onlookers had been introduced to the newest product from Starkey: Livio AI.
Utilizing integrated sensors and artificial intelligence, Starkey's latest product is the first to track physical activity and cognitive health alongside enhancing hearing.
Incorporating factors beyond hearing health was important to president Brandon Sawalich: "We have transformed a single-use device into the world's first multi-purpose hearing aid, a Healthable™ with artificial intelligence. Livio AI is so much more than just a hearing aid, it is a gateway to better health and wellness," he said in a statement.
The new aid improves hearing in addition to promoting a healthy lifestyle by seamlessly adapting to user's already existing technologies like Amazon Alexa, Apple Health and Google Fit.
"I have dreamed about this for so long, and we are finally realizing this vision thanks to our incredible team," said Starkey CEO Bill Austin. "My vision has always been to help people live better. By giving them better technology, we will help them live longer, healthier, happier lives."
November December 2018
Our differences make us stronger
5 tips to automate
Passion drives excellence
How to find the best talent in today's market
Community at work
Innovators, influencers and renegades
Innovators, influencers and renegades — oh my! Minnesota businesses are bursting at the seams with them. And the best thing is no industry can contain them — from health care to construction to law and retail, our state is brimming with brilliance. Don't believe us? Read on.
Kaywin Feldman is making the Minneapolis Institute of Art accessible
Back when Studio/E launched their first-ever cohort, Kaywin Feldman had an idea. Intent on improving the museum's gift shop, Feldman's idea evolved into a larger strategy to change the experience of entering the museum. Now more than twice the number of people enter the museum than when she inherited her role (last year, attendance hit 900,000).
ARKRAY USA launches new Oral Wellness System
ARKRAY USA, Inc., has launched the SiLL-Ha Oral Wellness System for use by dentists and other oral-health professionals to complement clinical assessment of their patients' oral health. SiLL-Ha provides clinical measurements in three areas: tooth health, gum health and oral cleanliness.


97,466 tiger stripes stock photos, vectors, and illustrations are available royalty-free.
Background, pattern, texture, wallpaper, With the coloring of the animal zebra skin. This extremely soft animal print fabric is perfect for creating your projects, baby accessories, and more!
Seamless zebra vector pattern. Abstract animal stripes print.
Tiger stripe texture black white. Monochrome pattern.
Seamless pattern with animal skin texture. Black and white. Vector background.Great for print, fabrics, textile, wrapping paper, wallpaper, invitation cards.
Seamless pattern with tiger stripes. Animal print.
Animal abstract skin orange and black seamless pattern. Vector.
Vector Illustration of Tiger Print Seamless Animal Pattern. Wild texture for Design, Website, Background, Banner. Nature Wallpaper Template.
Tiger black yellow orange brown seamless background. Watercolor hand drawn animal fur skin texture.
Tiger vector illustration template, An illustration representing a tiger formed by shapes define the figure by the stripes. Available as a normal tiger and snow tiger, also in black and white.
Tiger pattern. Vector seamless. Black and white.
Classic Tiger stripe Camouflage seamless patterns. Vector Illustration.
Pattern with stripes. The skin of a tiger. White coat with black stripes.
Beautiful tiger fur pattern texture background.
Tiger skin vector pattern. Collection of animal texture.
Close up shot of tiger print carpet.
Seamless pattern with tiger skin. Black and orange tiger stripes. Popular texture.
Annual report brochure, flyer design template, leaflet, book cover, presentation. Wild animal abstract background. tiger, zebra, leopard, cow.
Seamless abstract wild exotic animal print.Leopard, zebra,gepard, tiger striped pattern. Hand drawn trendy repeating watercolor blotted background texture.


Newport News Lifts 890-Metric Ton Assembly (continued from page 8) project manager W.B. Miffleton.
October 1981, the shipyard has laid more than 900 feet of ship and has erected steel up to the hanger deck. (A completed Nimitz- class aircraft carrier is 1,092 feet in length). "We've made radical changes in our concept of building air- craft carriers," Mr. Miffleton said.
The changes involve moving new carrier construction from its pre- vious site at Shipway 11 with its 310-ton gantry crane to Shipway 12 with its modern 11-acre fab- rication facility and 900-ton gan- try crane, an area originally built in the 1970s for the series construction of commercial ships.
Krupp, is the largest in the West- ern Hemisphere and enables con- struction crews to erect much larger, more fully outfitted as- semblies.
Vinson 21/_> years after the keel was laid," Mr. Miffleton, who was project manager during most of the construction of Vinson, said. "But we're working with a com- pressed schedule on the Roose- velt, so we must have this kind of progress to meet our time- table."
Newport News is working to- ward a target delivery date of 1986, some 14 months before the contract delivery date of Febru- ary 1988.
CVN72 and CVN73. The keel on the first of those carriers is to be laid in 1984 and the second in 1986. The shipyard has delivered a total of 23 aircraft carriers since 1934, four of which have been nuclear powered.
North American headquarters from Rosemont, to Glenview, 111., to provide the latest state-of-the- art services to the U.S. and Ca- nadian marine industry.
West Germany, has placed more than 160 engines in operation throughout North America.
Koomey Inc., of Houston, Tex- as, is offering a four-page full- color brochure describing the ca- pabilities of its new failsafe TR pressure reducing and regulator valve.
Over two years in development, the regulator incorporates a fea- ture that allows it to maintain regulated pressure even if its pi- lot signal is lost. The brochure includes color-coded flow dia- grams of systems employing the valve, photos of the unit which can be used on surface and sub- sea BOP control systems to con- trol the annular (bag-type) blow- out preventer.
SEA CUSHIONS.-The tough foam filled fenders with the soft touch. Whether you're a vessel owner or a terminal operator you need a fender that's not only tough, but soft enough to cushion and absorb the high energy impact of • : • ; rp ship to ship transfer or ship to quay t t 'T* " ' berthing without hull damage or over- f i; • r • ± | loading of dock structures. That fender ,, " I. , 1t I., is appropriately named SEA CUSHION. %MxMkM^And it's tough because we make it that way It's unsinkable even if punctured. It's abrasion-resistant and extremely durable, because of its rugged elastomer skin. So if you have the need for some tough protection with a soft touch, SEA CUSHION is it. Sizes available for fishing vessels to ULCC's.


Patent Pending Kila Products LLC magnetic ball detent system for Lucky 5.1 Ion bodies.
The Ion Reaction magnetic detent system replaces the rubber nubs in the the Ion. Featuring non-wearing, low friction moving delrin pistons, Adjustable force control, less ball breaks and the best in reliability and consistency.


Is it sad that I want to have another baby just so I can put a barn door up on the wall behind the crib. Oh my gosh - I love that! Also love that first kitchen. I'm predictable too, but never could do clear coffee tables. Wet rings from glasses and fingerprints drive me CRAZY, and I've realized people don't understand the concept of coasters (my hubby included).


When education professionals use data correctly there are numerous benefits for the school and students. However, for schools that have never really discussed data before, it can be difficult to know where to start. In order for data to be used effectively, education professionals must meet regularly to analyze the collected data. Below are some tips on how education leaders can ensure that their data-driven meetings are as productive as possible.
If teachers only care about the students in their classroom or feel like they must compete with their colleagues, it's difficult to examine data as a team. School leaders must develop a culture of shared responsibility and accountability for every student in the school. When a shared sense of responsibility exists in a school, then teachers are more willing to share the data from their classroom. This sharing and specific focus to get results will help create environment in which teachers work together to structure best instructional practice, which will result in individual students excelling in every classroom. For example, a grade level team may track individual and groups of students, ensure corrective actions take place consistently, and meet regularly to discuss student progress.
While teachers should share the responsibility for every student's success, that doesn't mean that everyone will always have to agree. If that collected data shows that a particular student is a poor performer, teachers should speak up if they disagree with the assessment. Data-driven meetings should be collaborative environments where disagreements can arise and be successfully resolved. Disagreements often lead to critical thinking, exposing new ways of looking at things, different way of dissecting data, and different creative solutions. School leaders need to make sure, though, that teachers maintain respect, feel comfortable voicing their opinions in meetings, and keep the focus on the students.
Some teachers are wary of data because they fear the possibility of it being used to evaluate their performance in some way. One way that leaders can develop trust is to stress that data, like test results, for instance, is used to improve the school—not to evaluate teacher performance. Honesty is an important ingredient in building trust. Not only must leaders be honest and upfront with teachers, teachers must also be honest for one another. This means being transparent about how data is collected and how it will be used to improve the school.
A solution-oriented approach is the best way to approach data. When the collected data doesn't look good, the team should focus on developing solutions rather than dwelling on individual teacher performance. Focusing on solutions makes the team less judgmental and limits the complaining. Analyzing data is an opportunity for the school to reflect on what works and what doesn't. It's ultimately about finding solutions—not punitive measures.
Data-driven meetings are essential to successful data analysis. However, in order for meetings to be successful school leaders need to set clear goals for each meeting. Teachers should enter meetings knowing what they are expected to accomplish during the discussion. School leaders should understand that every team is different, and some will need more structure than others. One of the best ways to provide structure is supplying discussion protocols. Teachers typically find that these protocols help them stay on track and have productive meetings.


It could have been so different for the former Premier League player.
Kenny Cunningham could have been a star for Dublin.
BEFORE EMBARKING ON a career in professional football, Kenny Cunningham played Gaelic football with the Dublin minors alongside Dessie Farrell and current senior boss Jim Gavin.
Speaking on Off The Ball last night, the former Irish international told Ger Gilroy and Kevin Kilbane that he had a "fleeting acquaintance" with our indigenous sport but that he still has a fondness for GAA.
He struggled to maintain a balance between the two football codes in his life due to fixture clashes but he would often jump over fences in order to attend games for both Home Farm FC and Na Fianna.
During the chat, he recalls a dressing-room experience before a club game which forced him have a rethink about his commitment to Gaelic football.
"I remember playing senior football with Dessie, we were only 17 and that was a sobering moment in terms of the physicality. I would have started off as centre half-back in the central area but ended up in corner-forward for obvious reasons.
Cunningham also briefly remarked on playing minor county football with Jim Gavin, whom he met recently in a pub in Dublin.
Email "Kenny Cunningham recalls the day he realised that Gaelic football wasn't for him ".
Feedback on "Kenny Cunningham recalls the day he realised that Gaelic football wasn't for him ".


text:
Did You Know?Features
There have been several legal challenges to saying the Pledge
Submitted December 28, 2022 December 29th, 2022
Starting in 1940 with the case of Minersville School District v. Gobitis, suits have challenged whether schools may force students to pledge their allegiance to the U.S. flag.
On this date (Dec. 28) in 1945, Congress adopted the Pledge into the United States Flag Code. In honor of the anniversary, Follow Our Courts takes a look at this legal history.
The 1940 ruling compelled children to say the Pledge, and was overturned by a 1943 ruling. Jehovah's Witnesses had presented significant challenges to the mandatory practice in the 1930s and '40s, describing it as a form of idolatry that went against their religious beliefs.
In 1954 President Dwight Eisenhower
Subscribe for free to get access to all of Follow Our Courts' content.
Did you know?featuresPledge of Allegiance
Did You Know? Features No Comments
Previous PostRiverside ICE agent guilty of sexual assault
Next PostRiverside Court appoints new leader
Recent lawsuits over cheese, for National Cheese Lovers Day
Last month, a judge agreed to let TGI Fridays off the hook in a class action lawsuit that claims a TGIFridays-branded mozzarella stick snack is misleading because it contains no mozzarella…
SubmittedJanuary 20, 2023
COVID-19Extra! Extra!FeaturesLegal Industry
EDITOR'S COLUMN: Inn of Court offers platinum level service to San Bernardino County legal community
I saw in the Bar Bulletin in fall that the Joseph B. Campbell Inn of Court was awarded the platinum level of excellence by the American Inns of Court organization…
Toni MombergerJanuary 12, 2023
It's National Day of the Horse
Dec. 13 is National Day of the Horse. There is a federal law, the Wild and Free Roaming Horses and Burros Act, that protects wild equines from capture, branding, harassment…
SubmittedDecember 13, 2022
Categories / Taxonomies
Courthouse Happenings
Lawfirm Happenings
Point/Counterpoint
Submitted Commentaries


text:
Q: Drupal 7 OpenLayers Map Relationship I have an OpenLayers Map that gives me a Table and a Map display of locations based on a Great-Circle. I have an Entity Reference from Locations to my Products content type. I want to display Products that are available at locations near me.
My problem is: I want to display two types of contact - Products and Locations. I want to display Products in a table and Locations in a map. How can I setup the table to pull the contextual arguments for the products?

A: I figured out that I didn't need to separate the data...just group by it and hide everything I don't want. I created the Relationship in Views and then added the Fields, then hid all the Location data I didn't want to see.


text:
Analysis of a lateral grain boundary for reducing performance variations in poly-Si 1T-DRAM
Songyi Yoo, Wookyung Sun, Hyungsoon Shin
A capacitorless one-transistor dynamic random-access memory device that uses a poly-silicon body (poly-Si 1T-DRAM) has been suggested to overcome the scaling limit of conventional one-transistor one-capacitor dynamic random-access memory (1T-1C DRAM). A poly-Si 1T-DRAM cell operates as a memory by utilizing the charge trapped at the grain boundaries (GBs) of its poly-Si body; vertical GBs are formed randomly during fabrication. This paper describes technology computer aided design (TCAD) device simulations performed to investigate the sensing margin and retention time of poly-Si 1T-DRAM as a function of its lateral GB location. The results show that the memory's operating mechanism changes with the GB's lateral location because of a corresponding change in the number of trapped electrons or holes. We determined the optimum lateral GB location for the best memory performance by considering both the sensing margin and retention time. We also performed simulations to analyze the effect of a lateral GB on the operation of a poly-Si 1T-DRAM that has a vertical GB. The memory performance of devices without a lateral GB significantly deteriorates when a vertical GB is located near the source or drain junction, while devices with a lateral GB have little change in memory characteristics with different vertical GB locations. This means that poly-Si 1T-DRAM devices with a lateral GB can operate reliably without any memory performance degradation from randomly determined vertical GB locations.
https://doi.org/10.3390/mi11110952
1T-DRAM
Capacitorless one-transistor dynamic random-access memory
GB location
Grain boundary
Lateral grain boundary (GB)
Polysilicon
10.3390/mi11110952
Dive into the research topics of 'Analysis of a lateral grain boundary for reducing performance variations in poly-Si 1T-DRAM'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Dynamic random access storage Engineering & Materials Science 100%
Polysilicon Engineering & Materials Science 99%
Grain boundaries Engineering & Materials Science 87%
Transistors Engineering & Materials Science 11%
Electrons Engineering & Materials Science 6%
Computer aided design Engineering & Materials Science 5%
Capacitors Engineering & Materials Science 5%
Yoo, S., Sun, W., & Shin, H. (2020). Analysis of a lateral grain boundary for reducing performance variations in poly-Si 1T-DRAM. Micromachines, 11(11), [952]. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi11110952
Yoo, Songyi ; Sun, Wookyung ; Shin, Hyungsoon. / Analysis of a lateral grain boundary for reducing performance variations in poly-Si 1T-DRAM. In: Micromachines. 2020 ; Vol. 11, No. 11.
@article{806375c2b04f4b18b9b9d96e9bff2f4e,
title = "Analysis of a lateral grain boundary for reducing performance variations in poly-Si 1T-DRAM",
abstract = "A capacitorless one-transistor dynamic random-access memory device that uses a poly-silicon body (poly-Si 1T-DRAM) has been suggested to overcome the scaling limit of conventional one-transistor one-capacitor dynamic random-access memory (1T-1C DRAM). A poly-Si 1T-DRAM cell operates as a memory by utilizing the charge trapped at the grain boundaries (GBs) of its poly-Si body; vertical GBs are formed randomly during fabrication. This paper describes technology computer aided design (TCAD) device simulations performed to investigate the sensing margin and retention time of poly-Si 1T-DRAM as a function of its lateral GB location. The results show that the memory{\textquoteright}s operating mechanism changes with the GB{\textquoteright}s lateral location because of a corresponding change in the number of trapped electrons or holes. We determined the optimum lateral GB location for the best memory performance by considering both the sensing margin and retention time. We also performed simulations to analyze the effect of a lateral GB on the operation of a poly-Si 1T-DRAM that has a vertical GB. The memory performance of devices without a lateral GB significantly deteriorates when a vertical GB is located near the source or drain junction, while devices with a lateral GB have little change in memory characteristics with different vertical GB locations. This means that poly-Si 1T-DRAM devices with a lateral GB can operate reliably without any memory performance degradation from randomly determined vertical GB locations.",
keywords = "1T-DRAM, Capacitorless one-transistor dynamic random-access memory, GB location, Grain boundary, Lateral grain boundary (GB), Polysilicon",
author = "Songyi Yoo and Wookyung Sun and Hyungsoon Shin",
note = "Funding Information: Funding: This work was supported by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy under Grant 10080513 and RP-Grant 2019 of Ewha Womans University. This research was also supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (No. 2019R1A2C1084063). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.",
doi = "10.3390/mi11110952",
journal = "Micromachines",
Yoo, S, Sun, W & Shin, H 2020, 'Analysis of a lateral grain boundary for reducing performance variations in poly-Si 1T-DRAM', Micromachines, vol. 11, no. 11, 952. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi11110952
Analysis of a lateral grain boundary for reducing performance variations in poly-Si 1T-DRAM. / Yoo, Songyi; Sun, Wookyung; Shin, Hyungsoon.
In: Micromachines, Vol. 11, No. 11, 952, 11.2020.
T1 - Analysis of a lateral grain boundary for reducing performance variations in poly-Si 1T-DRAM
AU - Yoo, Songyi
AU - Sun, Wookyung
AU - Shin, Hyungsoon
N1 - Funding Information: Funding: This work was supported by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy under Grant 10080513 and RP-Grant 2019 of Ewha Womans University. This research was also supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (No. 2019R1A2C1084063). Publisher Copyright: © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
N2 - A capacitorless one-transistor dynamic random-access memory device that uses a poly-silicon body (poly-Si 1T-DRAM) has been suggested to overcome the scaling limit of conventional one-transistor one-capacitor dynamic random-access memory (1T-1C DRAM). A poly-Si 1T-DRAM cell operates as a memory by utilizing the charge trapped at the grain boundaries (GBs) of its poly-Si body; vertical GBs are formed randomly during fabrication. This paper describes technology computer aided design (TCAD) device simulations performed to investigate the sensing margin and retention time of poly-Si 1T-DRAM as a function of its lateral GB location. The results show that the memory's operating mechanism changes with the GB's lateral location because of a corresponding change in the number of trapped electrons or holes. We determined the optimum lateral GB location for the best memory performance by considering both the sensing margin and retention time. We also performed simulations to analyze the effect of a lateral GB on the operation of a poly-Si 1T-DRAM that has a vertical GB. The memory performance of devices without a lateral GB significantly deteriorates when a vertical GB is located near the source or drain junction, while devices with a lateral GB have little change in memory characteristics with different vertical GB locations. This means that poly-Si 1T-DRAM devices with a lateral GB can operate reliably without any memory performance degradation from randomly determined vertical GB locations.
AB - A capacitorless one-transistor dynamic random-access memory device that uses a poly-silicon body (poly-Si 1T-DRAM) has been suggested to overcome the scaling limit of conventional one-transistor one-capacitor dynamic random-access memory (1T-1C DRAM). A poly-Si 1T-DRAM cell operates as a memory by utilizing the charge trapped at the grain boundaries (GBs) of its poly-Si body; vertical GBs are formed randomly during fabrication. This paper describes technology computer aided design (TCAD) device simulations performed to investigate the sensing margin and retention time of poly-Si 1T-DRAM as a function of its lateral GB location. The results show that the memory's operating mechanism changes with the GB's lateral location because of a corresponding change in the number of trapped electrons or holes. We determined the optimum lateral GB location for the best memory performance by considering both the sensing margin and retention time. We also performed simulations to analyze the effect of a lateral GB on the operation of a poly-Si 1T-DRAM that has a vertical GB. The memory performance of devices without a lateral GB significantly deteriorates when a vertical GB is located near the source or drain junction, while devices with a lateral GB have little change in memory characteristics with different vertical GB locations. This means that poly-Si 1T-DRAM devices with a lateral GB can operate reliably without any memory performance degradation from randomly determined vertical GB locations.
KW - 1T-DRAM
KW - Capacitorless one-transistor dynamic random-access memory
KW - GB location
KW - Grain boundary
KW - Lateral grain boundary (GB)
KW - Polysilicon
U2 - 10.3390/mi11110952
DO - 10.3390/mi11110952
JO - Micromachines
JF - Micromachines
Yoo S, Sun W, Shin H. Analysis of a lateral grain boundary for reducing performance variations in poly-Si 1T-DRAM. Micromachines. 2020 Nov;11(11):952. doi: 10.3390/mi11110952


text:
Sean Tapley
Late Georgia Tech TD puts pressure on UNC at half
By Kevin McGuireSep 21, 2013, 1:36 PM EDT
It's a soggy afternoon down in Atlanta for ACC football between Georgia Tech and North Carolina, but that has not been enough to slow the Tar Heels down in the first half. North Carolina has built a 20-14 lead.
Bryn Renner has thrown for 178 yards and two touchdowns and his receivers have dropped a handful of passes as well. Perhaps the weather conditions are playing a factor in to the production. Romar Morris has rushed for 32 yards and a touchdown to lead North Carolina's offense and the Tar Heel defense has done well to not allow Georgia Tech to find a rhythm.
North Carolina wasted little tim in opening the scoring with a touchdown on the game's opening possession. Morris capped a quick six-play drive with a four-yard touchdown run to the left side of the field, but North Carolina failed to convert a two-point conversion attempt. The lead was expanded to 13-0 following a Renner touchdown pass to tight end Eric Ebron.
Georgia Tech finally got on the scoreboard early in the second quarter when David Sims barely cross the goal line before losing grip on the football. Sims had just crossed the goal line as the ball popped loose and was scooped up by North Carolina. The initial ruling was touchdown and a video review determined there was conclusive enough evidence to overturn the call. Ultimately it appears the right call was made but it was very close to being a punch-to-the-gut moment for the Yellow Jackets. If the ball had been ruled a fumble, the turnover likely would have upheld because the replay was so close either way. Down 13-0 at the time, not punching one in from the goal line would have left a very empty feeling for the home team.
Renner scrambled to keep a play alive inside the red zone on the ensuing possession and found Sean Tapley for another touchdown. Georgia Tech picked up a critical touchdown late in the half to cut in to the lead and maybe even flip the momentum in their favor. The Tar Heels could not get off the field on a third and long around midfield and Georgia Tech quarterback Vad Lee connected with Darren Waller for a 21-yard touchdown over the middle of the field. Lee has only attempted nine passes, which is typical of a Paul Johnson offense, but he has completed five of them for 82 yards and a touchdown.
The game doesn't feel as though it should be as close as it is at the half, but credit to Georgia Tech for not going away at the end of the half. If North Carolina can pull this one out they will make a huge statement in the ACC Coastal Division, but right now Georgia Tech is in solid position to come back as well.
Tags: Bryn Renner, Darren Waller, David Sims, Eric Ebron, GT, Paul Johnson, Romar Morris, Sean Tapley, UNC, Vad Lee
Late Georgia Tech TD puts pressure on UNC at half September 21, 2013 1:36 pm


text:
Classic Irish Boxing June 2007: Fagan Spadafora fight report
July 11, 2011 July 11, 2011 MWNKatherine	0 Comments
March 16, 2007 Tomas Rohan
He came, he saw and he very almost conquered. Oisin Fagan almost ripped up the script at the Soaring Eagle Casino in Mount Pleasant, Michigan last Friday night with former World Champion Paul Spadafora only just piping the Dubliner to a split decision win.
Fagan was brought in by promoters to be the fall guy for Spadafora, the stereotypical "tough Irish kid" who would make their man look good en route to reclaiming a world title later this year. Instead Fagan came oh so close to handing the 31-year-old "Pittsburgh Kid" the first defeat of his 41 fight career.
Spadafora's outside the ring problems in recent years have been well documented and Fagan gave him all the trouble he could handle between the ropes on Friday night.. The three judges were split with Gary Merritt scoring a too wide 98 – 91 in Spadafora's favour while Bill Paige also had Spadafora a inner by a margin of 97 – 93. Judge Jack Richards however had Fagan the winner via a score of 96 – 95.
Fagan made a strong start to the bout troubling the normally slick Spadafora with his busy, high-pressure style. The "Pittsburgh Kid" was deducted a point in the 8th for a low blow but came back with a strong ninth round before the two slugged it out again in the final round.
Speaking after the defeat Fagan was disappointed but philosophical about the result. "I thought it was close but I felt I did enough to win. Ask the fans who you think won and I think they will give you the same answer, but hey, that's boxing and unfortunately, when there's a big-named fighter like Paul Spadafora fighting close to his hometown, most judges feel intimidated somewhat and this type of scoring is what you get."
Fagan also refuted a report, which stated that he had received 20 stitches to close a cut over his left eye. "That's rubbish. I read that and I don't know where that came from. I needed 4 stitches and the doctor was able to patch me up straight after the fight."
After allowing some time for his eye to heal Fagan hopes to be back in the ring as soon as possible and back into big fights. "I'm disappointed that I didn't get the decision but I still think my performance has opened some doors for me. I've set my sights on a world title fight and I really think that can become a reality in the next year or two."
← Fitzgerald closes in on world title shot
Murphy concedes weight →


Greil Marcus has recently completed a book on Elvis Presley since his death. He is a contributing editor of Artforum.
Order the PRINT EDITION of the February 1991 issue for $17 or the ONLINE EDITION for $5.99.