text:
Sir Edward Joseph Hamilton, 1st Baronet KCB (22 March 1772 – 21 March 1851) was an officer of the Royal Navy, who saw service during French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, eventually rising to the rank of Admiral.

Family and early life
Hamilton was born on 22 March 1772, the second and younger son of Captain Sir John Hamilton, who was subsequently created a baronet in 1776. Edward Hamilton's mother was Cassandra Agnes, sister of Admiral Charles Chamberlayne. Edward first appeared on the muster books of his father's ship, the 74-gun , in 1777 when he was five years old. He did not actually join the ship until the age of seven, when he came aboard on 21 May 1779 at the rank of midshipman. He sailed with the Hector to the Jamaica station, where he was subsequently lent to . He returned to England after the end of the war and attended the Royal Grammar School, Guildford. He subsequently returned to active service in 1787, spending the next three years aboard the 74-gun . He took and passed his lieutenant's examination in 1790, after which he moved aboard the 36-gun frigate , under Captain Charles Pole.

Early French Revolutionary Wars
Hamilton then joined the 100-gun , which at that time was the flagship of Vice-Admiral Sir Samuel Hood. He then entered another period of retirement from active service, during which time he studied at the University of Caen, and travelled through both France and Portugal. With the outbreak of war with Revolutionary France in February 1793, Hamilton again returned to active service, being assigned to Lord Howe's flagship, the 100-gun first rate . By July he had moved to his brother, Sir Charles Hamilton's ship, the 28-gun , and was commissioned as a lieutenant on 29 October 1793.  While serving on the Dido he helped in the capture of a privateer and her crew. He took a boat, crewed by only eight sailors, and captured the grounded privateer, put out the fire that had been set by her crew to destroy her, and then went ashore to capture her escaped crew. He was later present at the siege of Bastia, and was given command of 100 British and 300 Corsican soldiers at Girolate. Here he constructed a number of batteries within pistol shot of the enemy, from which he was able to subject them to continuous bombardment. The enemy surrendered after 13 days under fire.

He returned to the Victory on 10 July 1794, being appointed her ninth lieutenant. Admiral Hood showed him special favour, though, when he exercised his right to promote whom he wished, and on 7 October he appointed Hamilton as Victorys first lieutenant. It was not long before Hood was ordered to return to Britain though, and after his arrival he struck his flag to spend the winter ashore. With Hood gone, Victory returned to being a private ship, and Hamilton returned to being a junior lieutenant. Hamilton and the Victory were back at sea in 1795, returning to the Mediterranean. He was present at the Naval Battle of Hyères Islands on 13 July 1795, shortly after which Admiral Jervis arrived to take command of the fleet. Jervis promoted Hamilton to commander on 11 February 1796, and appointed him to the fireship  with orders to sail to the West Indies. Hamilton did so, returning to Lisbon with dispatches.

Promotion to command
He was again promoted, this time to post-captain on 3 June 1797, and was initially appointed to serve aboard the 114-gun first-rate , which had been captured at the Battle of Cape St Vincent. He was then transferred to the 24-gun , aboard which he sailed to Newfoundland, and then on to Jamaica, where he remained between October 1798 and January 1800, serving with the squadrons under Sir Hyde Parker. He was a particularly effective frigate captain, capturing or destroying over 80 armed vessels, privateers and merchants, bringing in an estimated £200,000 in prize money. It was while serving with Parker that Hamilton carried out the most famous act of his career, the cutting-out of the former  from the Spanish port of Puerto Cabello.

Recovering the Hermione

The Hermione was a former frigate of the Royal Navy, commanded by Captain Hugh Pigot. In September 1797 a number of the crew had risen up against the apparently tyrannical Pigot and murdered him and nine other officers, throwing their bodies overboard. Fearing retribution for their actions, the mutineers had sailed the Hermione to the Spanish port of La Guaira, and handed her over to the authorities. When news of the mutiny reached Parker, he demanded the return of the ship and the surrender of the mutineers, instigating a process that would eventually see the apprehending of 33 of them. The Hermione meanwhile had been renamed Santa Cecilia, but remained in port. News eventually reached Parker that the Santa Cecilia had been sighted in Puerto Cabello, and ordered the Surprise to intercept her, should she attempt to put to sea. Hamilton decided that the honour of the Royal Navy depended on the recovery of the ship, and was determined to retake her. Anchoring near the port he devised a plan to cut her out of the harbour and asked for a boat and an extra 20 men from Parker. Parker declared the scheme too risky, and refused to send the men, but Hamilton went ahead anyway.

He and a force of some 100 soldiers and sailors in ships' boats approached the Santa Cecilia, which was heavily manned with around 400 Spanish, and lay under the guns of two shore batteries, together mounting some 200 guns. In the ensuing struggle Hamilton and his men fought their way aboard the ship, overpowered the Spanish defenders after a hard-fought battle, and sailed the Hermione out of the port. The Spanish had lost 119 killed, while 231 were taken prisoner, 97 of whom were wounded. All but three were subsequently returned to the port the next day. Another 15 Spanish escaped by jumping overboard and swimming ashore, while 20 more escaped in a launch that had been guarding the ship. By contrast the British had not lost a single man, and had just 11 wounded, four of them seriously. One of them was Hamilton himself, who had suffered a blow to the head from a musket, and cuts from sabre, pike and grapeshot. Parker had the recaptured Hermione renamed HMS Retaliation, after which the Admiralty ordered her to be renamed HMS Retribution on 31 January 1800.

Rewards
Hamilton was widely lauded for his daring feat. The House of Assembly in Jamaica awarded him a £300 sword. King George III created him a Knight Bachelor on 1 February 1800. Hamilton also received a Naval Gold Medal for the action. He was also voted a freeman of the City of London on 6 March 1800, which was to be awarded him in a gold box with a value of 50 guineas. The wounded Hamilton was sent home to recover aboard the Jamaica packet, but on her voyage she was captured by the French and Hamilton was taken prisoner. He was sent to Paris, where he seems to have come to the attention of Napoleon Bonaparte. Hamilton spent six months in prison, before being released and repatriated, having been exchanged for four French midshipmen. He finally made it to London, in time to be present at a special banquet held by the Court of Common Council of the City of London to celebrate the anniversary of his cutting out of the Hermione. Here he received his gold box and the freedom of the city. He was also offered a pension of £300 a year for his wounds, which he turned down. He was both rich enough from his prize money not to need the pension, and also feared that taking it might be used as an excuse not to give him active employment again.

Decline
Perhaps due to the injury to his head he had sustained in the action on the Hermione, or because of a degree of insanity aggravated by the hero worship he received, Hamilton soon revealed a ruthless streak. He was brought to court-martial on 22 January 1802 on a charge of having strung his gunner and the gunner's mates in the rigging for a trivial offence, a punishment that was both excessive and illegal. The offence proved, Hamilton was dismissed from the navy. He was restored in June 1802 but never again received employment in an operational role. Admitted as fellow-commoner to Emmanuel College, Cambridge in March 1802, he did not take a degree at Cambridge. He married on 1 November 1804, and in June 1806 was appointed to the royal yacht Mary. He moved to command the Prince Regent, where he remained until his resignation on 7 January 1819. He was nominated a KCB on 2 January 1815, and was created a baronet on 26 January 1819. He also served for a time as Deputy Lieutenant of Brecknockshire. Through his seniority he continued to receive promotions. He became a rear-admiral on 19 July 1821, a vice-admiral on 10 January 1837 and finally an admiral on 9 November 1846. He died at 17 Cumberland Terrace, Regent's Park on 21 March 1851 at the age of 79, his wife having predeceased him on 27 March 1840. His son, Edward Hamilton, inherited the baronetcy.

See also

Notes

References

1772 births
1851 deaths
Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom
Knights Companion of the Order of the Bath
Royal Navy admirals
Royal Navy personnel of the American Revolutionary War
Royal Navy personnel of the French Revolutionary Wars
Royal Navy personnel of the Napoleonic Wars
Younger sons of baronets
High Sheriffs of Brecknockshire
Burials at Kensal Green Cemetery
People educated at Royal Grammar School, Guildford
Edward


text:
package rx.internal.operators;

import static org.mockito.Matchers.any;
import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyString;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.inOrder;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.never;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.mockito.InOrder;

import rx.Observable;
import rx.Observer;
import rx.Scheduler;
import rx.Subscriber;
import rx.exceptions.TestException;
import rx.functions.Action0;
import rx.schedulers.TestScheduler;

public class OperatorSwitchTest {

    private TestScheduler scheduler;
    private Scheduler.Worker innerScheduler;
    private Observer<String> observer;

    @Before
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public void before() {
        scheduler = new TestScheduler();
        innerScheduler = scheduler.createWorker();
        observer = mock(Observer.class);
    }

    @Test
    public void testSwitchWhenOuterCompleteBeforeInner() {
        Observable<Observable<String>> source = Observable.create(new Observable.OnSubscribe<Observable<String>>() {
            @Override
            public void call(Subscriber<? super Observable<String>> observer) {
                publishNext(observer, 50, Observable.create(new Observable.OnSubscribe<String>() {
                    @Override
                    public void call(Subscriber<? super String> observer) {
                        publishNext(observer, 70, "one");
                        publishNext(observer, 100, "two");
                        publishCompleted(observer, 200);
                    }
                }));
                publishCompleted(observer, 60);
            }
        });

        Observable<String> sampled = Observable.switchOnNext(source);
        sampled.subscribe(observer);

        InOrder inOrder = inOrder(observer);

        scheduler.advanceTimeTo(350, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        inOrder.verify(observer, times(2)).onNext(anyString());
        inOrder.verify(observer, times(1)).onCompleted();
    }

    @Test
    public void testSwitchWhenInnerCompleteBeforeOuter() {
        Observable<Observable<String>> source = Observable.create(new Observable.OnSubscribe<Observable<String>>() {
            @Override
            public void call(Subscriber<? super Observable<String>> observer) {
                publishNext(observer, 10, Observable.create(new Observable.OnSubscribe<String>() {
                    @Override
                    public void call(Subscriber<? super String> observer) {
                        publishNext(observer, 0, "one");
                        publishNext(observer, 10, "two");
                        publishCompleted(observer, 20);
                    }
                }));

                publishNext(observer, 100, Observable.create(new Observable.OnSubscribe<String>() {
                    @Override
                    public void call(Subscriber<? super String> observer) {
                        publishNext(observer, 0, "three");
                        publishNext(observer, 10, "four");
                        publishCompleted(observer, 20);
                    }
                }));
                publishCompleted(observer, 200);
            }
        });

        Observable<String> sampled = Observable.switchOnNext(source);
        sampled.subscribe(observer);

        InOrder inOrder = inOrder(observer);

        scheduler.advanceTimeTo(150, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        inOrder.verify(observer, never()).onCompleted();
        inOrder.verify(observer, times(1)).onNext("one");
        inOrder.verify(observer, times(1)).onNext("two");
        inOrder.verify(observer, times(1)).onNext("three");
        inOrder.verify(observer, times(1)).onNext("four");

        scheduler.advanceTimeTo(250, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        inOrder.verify(observer, never()).onNext(anyString());
        inOrder.verify(observer, times(1)).onCompleted();
    }

    @Test
    public void testSwitchWithComplete() {
        Observable<Observable<String>> source = Observable.create(new Observable.OnSubscribe<Observable<String>>() {
            @Override
            public void call(Subscriber<? super Observable<String>> observer) {
                publishNext(observer, 50, Observable.create(new Observable.OnSubscribe<String>() {
                    @Override
                    public void call(final Subscriber<? super String> observer) {
                        publishNext(observer, 60, "one");
                        publishNext(observer, 100, "two");
                    }
                }));

                publishNext(observer, 200, Observable.create(new Observable.OnSubscribe<String>() {
                    @Override
                    public void call(final Subscriber<? super String> observer) {
                        publishNext(observer, 0, "three");
                        publishNext(observer, 100, "four");
                    }
                }));

                publishCompleted(observer, 250);
            }
        });

        Observable<String> sampled = Observable.switchOnNext(source);
        sampled.subscribe(observer);

        InOrder inOrder = inOrder(observer);

        scheduler.advanceTimeTo(90, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        inOrder.verify(observer, never()).onNext(anyString());
        verify(observer, never()).onCompleted();
        verify(observer, never()).onError(any(Throwable.class));

        scheduler.advanceTimeTo(125, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        inOrder.verify(observer, times(1)).onNext("one");
        verify(observer, never()).onCompleted();
        verify(observer, never()).onError(any(Throwable.class));

        scheduler.advanceTimeTo(175, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        inOrder.verify(observer, times(1)).onNext("two");
        verify(observer, never()).onCompleted();
        verify(observer, never()).onError(any(Throwable.class));

        scheduler.advanceTimeTo(225, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        inOrder.verify(observer, times(1)).onNext("three");
        verify(observer, never()).onCompleted();
        verify(observer, never()).onError(any(Throwable.class));

        scheduler.advanceTimeTo(350, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        inOrder.verify(observer, times(1)).onNext("four");
        verify(observer, never()).onCompleted();
        verify(observer, never()).onError(any(Throwable.class));
    }

    @Test
    public void testSwitchWithError() {
        Observable<Observable<String>> source = Observable.create(new Observable.OnSubscribe<Observable<String>>() {
            @Override
            public void call(Subscriber<? super Observable<String>> observer) {
                publishNext(observer, 50, Observable.create(new Observable.OnSubscribe<String>() {
                    @Override
                    public void call(final Subscriber<? super String> observer) {
                        publishNext(observer, 50, "one");
                        publishNext(observer, 100, "two");
                    }
                }));

                publishNext(observer, 200, Observable.create(new Observable.OnSubscribe<String>() {
                    @Override
                    public void call(Subscriber<? super String> observer) {
                        publishNext(observer, 0, "three");
                        publishNext(observer, 100, "four");
                    }
                }));

                publishError(observer, 250, new TestException());
            }
        });

        Observable<String> sampled = Observable.switchOnNext(source);
        sampled.subscribe(observer);

        InOrder inOrder = inOrder(observer);

        scheduler.advanceTimeTo(90, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        inOrder.verify(observer, never()).onNext(anyString());
        verify(observer, never()).onCompleted();
        verify(observer, never()).onError(any(Throwable.class));

        scheduler.advanceTimeTo(125, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        inOrder.verify(observer, times(1)).onNext("one");
        verify(observer, never()).onCompleted();
        verify(observer, never()).onError(any(Throwable.class));

        scheduler.advanceTimeTo(175, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        inOrder.verify(observer, times(1)).onNext("two");
        verify(observer, never()).onCompleted();
        verify(observer, never()).onError(any(Throwable.class));

        scheduler.advanceTimeTo(225, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        inOrder.verify(observer, times(1)).onNext("three");
        verify(observer, never()).onCompleted();
        verify(observer, never()).onError(any(Throwable.class));

        scheduler.advanceTimeTo(350, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        inOrder.verify(observer, never()).onNext(anyString());
        verify(observer, never()).onCompleted();
        verify(observer, times(1)).onError(any(TestException.class));
    }

    @Test
    public void testSwitchWithSubsequenceComplete() {
        Observable<Observable<String>> source = Observable.create(new Observable.OnSubscribe<Observable<String>>() {
            @Override
            public void call(Subscriber<? super Observable<String>> observer) {
                publishNext(observer, 50, Observable.create(new Observable.OnSubscribe<String>() {
                    @Override
                    public void call(Subscriber<? super String> observer) {
                        publishNext(observer, 50, "one");
                        publishNext(observer, 100, "two");
                    }
                }));

                publishNext(observer, 130, Observable.create(new Observable.OnSubscribe<String>() {
                    @Override
                    public void call(Subscriber<? super String> observer) {
                        publishCompleted(observer, 0);
                    }
                }));

                publishNext(observer, 150, Observable.create(new Observable.OnSubscribe<String>() {
                    @Override
                    public void call(Subscriber<? super String> observer) {
                        publishNext(observer, 50, "three");
                    }
                }));
            }
        });

        Observable<String> sampled = Observable.switchOnNext(source);
        sampled.subscribe(observer);

        InOrder inOrder = inOrder(observer);

        scheduler.advanceTimeTo(90, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        inOrder.verify(observer, never()).onNext(anyString());
        verify(observer, never()).onCompleted();
        verify(observer, never()).onError(any(Throwable.class));

        scheduler.advanceTimeTo(125, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        inOrder.verify(observer, times(1)).onNext("one");
        verify(observer, never()).onCompleted();
        verify(observer, never()).onError(any(Throwable.class));

        scheduler.advanceTimeTo(250, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        inOrder.verify(observer, times(1)).onNext("three");
        verify(observer, never()).onCompleted();
        verify(observer, never()).onError(any(Throwable.class));
    }

    @Test
    public void testSwitchWithSubsequenceError() {
        Observable<Observable<String>> source = Observable.create(new Observable.OnSubscribe<Observable<String>>() {
            @Override
            public void call(Subscriber<? super Observable<String>> observer) {
                publishNext(observer, 50, Observable.create(new Observable.OnSubscribe<String>() {
                    @Override
                    public void call(Subscriber<? super String> observer) {
                        publishNext(observer, 50, "one");
                        publishNext(observer, 100, "two");
                    }
                }));

                publishNext(observer, 130, Observable.create(new Observable.OnSubscribe<String>() {
                    @Override
                    public void call(Subscriber<? super String> observer) {
                        publishError(observer, 0, new TestException());
                    }
                }));

                publishNext(observer, 150, Observable.create(new Observable.OnSubscribe<String>() {
                    @Override
                    public void call(Subscriber<? super String> observer) {
                        publishNext(observer, 50, "three");
                    }
                }));

            }
        });

        Observable<String> sampled = Observable.switchOnNext(source);
        sampled.subscribe(observer);

        InOrder inOrder = inOrder(observer);

        scheduler.advanceTimeTo(90, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        inOrder.verify(observer, never()).onNext(anyString());
        verify(observer, never()).onCompleted();
        verify(observer, never()).onError(any(Throwable.class));

        scheduler.advanceTimeTo(125, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        inOrder.verify(observer, times(1)).onNext("one");
        verify(observer, never()).onCompleted();
        verify(observer, never()).onError(any(Throwable.class));

        scheduler.advanceTimeTo(250, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        inOrder.verify(observer, never()).onNext("three");
        verify(observer, never()).onCompleted();
        verify(observer, times(1)).onError(any(TestException.class));
    }

    private <T> void publishCompleted(final Observer<T> observer, long delay) {
        innerScheduler.schedule(new Action0() {
            @Override
            public void call() {
                observer.onCompleted();
            }
        }, delay, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
    }

    private <T> void publishError(final Observer<T> observer, long delay, final Throwable error) {
        innerScheduler.schedule(new Action0() {
            @Override
            public void call() {
                observer.onError(error);
            }
        }, delay, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
    }

    private <T> void publishNext(final Observer<T> observer, long delay, final T value) {
        innerScheduler.schedule(new Action0() {
            @Override
            public void call() {
                observer.onNext(value);
            }
        }, delay, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
    }

    @Test
    public void testSwitchIssue737() {
        // https://github.com/Netflix/RxJava/issues/737
        Observable<Observable<String>> source = Observable.create(new Observable.OnSubscribe<Observable<String>>() {
            @Override
            public void call(Subscriber<? super Observable<String>> observer) {
                publishNext(observer, 0, Observable.create(new Observable.OnSubscribe<String>() {
                    @Override
                    public void call(Subscriber<? super String> observer) {
                        publishNext(observer, 10, "1-one");
                        publishNext(observer, 20, "1-two");
                        // The following events will be ignored
                        publishNext(observer, 30, "1-three");
                        publishCompleted(observer, 40);
                    }
                }));
                publishNext(observer, 25, Observable.create(new Observable.OnSubscribe<String>() {
                    @Override
                    public void call(Subscriber<? super String> observer) {
                        publishNext(observer, 10, "2-one");
                        publishNext(observer, 20, "2-two");
                        publishNext(observer, 30, "2-three");
                        publishCompleted(observer, 40);
                    }
                }));
                publishCompleted(observer, 30);
            }
        });

        Observable<String> sampled = Observable.switchOnNext(source);
        sampled.subscribe(observer);

        scheduler.advanceTimeTo(1000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);

        InOrder inOrder = inOrder(observer);
        inOrder.verify(observer, times(1)).onNext("1-one");
        inOrder.verify(observer, times(1)).onNext("1-two");
        inOrder.verify(observer, times(1)).onNext("2-one");
        inOrder.verify(observer, times(1)).onNext("2-two");
        inOrder.verify(observer, times(1)).onNext("2-three");
        inOrder.verify(observer, times(1)).onCompleted();
        inOrder.verifyNoMoreInteractions();
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
All > Quality and Safety: Medicines > Quality Assurance
All > Quality and Safety: Medicines > Regulatory Support
All > WHO Prequalification of Medical Products > WHO-UNICEF-UN Project
Keywords > assessment and accelerated national registration of pharmaceutical products and vaccines
Keywords > assessment and accelerated national registration of WHO-prequalified pharmaceutical products and vaccines
Keywords > Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP)
Keywords > registration - Collaborative Registration Procedure (CRP)
Keywords > registration of pharmaceuticals
Keywords > stringent regulatory authority (SRA)
Collaborative Procedure in the Assessment and Accelerated National Registration of Pharmaceutical Products and Vaccines Approved by Stringent Regulatory Authorities. WHO Technical Report Series, No. 1010, 2018, Annex 11
Management of diseases known to be of major relevance to public health in countries with limited regulatory resources is often jeopardized by delayed access to new or needed therapies. Although many medicines successfully pass a regulatory review process conducted by internationally respected regulatory bodies, also known as stringent regulatory authorities (reference SRAs), or may in addition have been prequalified by the World Health Organization (WHO), local regulatory approvals tend to consume additional time and resources of national regulatory authorities (NRAs) before these therapies can be made available to patients.
To address this issue, WHO proposes a scheme for NRAs and pharmaceutical manufacturers to facilitate registrations of the vaccines and pharmaceutical products, including biotherapeutic products approved by reference SRAs. WHO recognizes the scientific evaluation of medicines by reference SRAs as they apply similarly stringent standards for quality, safety and efficacy to those recommended by WHO.
Based on WHO experience with the Collaborative procedure of WHO prequalified pharmaceutical products and vaccines, it is possible to facilitate and accelerate national registration processes by provision of detailed assessment and inspection outcomes generated by respected regulatory bodies. Assessment and inspection reports of reference SRAs made available in addition to the registration dossiers can facilitate the adoption of national regulatory decisions by assuring NRAs about the positive risk–benefit profile of a product and that its quality is identical with the product already approved elsewhere. Normally, publicly available versions of assessment and inspection outcomes do not provide all the necessary information in sufficient detail to enable regulatory decisions to be adopted. Therefore, detailed assessment and inspection outcomes that include commercially sensitive data must be shared. Whether to make such information sharing possible is up to interested pharmaceutical manufacturers, which should provide consent to information exchange among reference SRAs and NRAs, to which a product is submitted for regulatory approval. Pharmaceutical manufacturers benefit from accelerated and facilitated regulatory processes. For their part, it is up to interested NRAs to provide sufficient assurance that shared data will be treated with necessary care and respect for confidentiality. Nonetheless, in some jurisdictions, publicly available information such as public assessment or inspection reports, and databases of compliance with good manufacturing practices (GMP) contain substantial summarized regulatory information that can facilitate the decision-making process in less well-resourced NRAs as well.
It should be stressed that the decision to apply the process for specific medicines is up to the NRAs concerned, which retain the prerogative to conclude their assessment through sovereign decisions on medicine registration within their national jurisdiction.
In addition to the facilitation of regulatory decisions on needed medicines and faster access to patients, the process also represents an avenue for harmonization of regulatory requirements and capacity-building.
The Procedure is applicable in principle to all types of medicines irrespective of whether the products are of an innovative or generic nature. The procedure is also applicable to biotherapeutic products and vaccines.
Procedure for Prequalification of Pharmaceutical Products. WHO Technical Report Series, No. 961, 2011 Annex 10
Marketing Authorization of Pharmaceutical Products with Special Reference to Multisource (Generic) Products: A Manual for National Medicines Regulatory Authorities (NMRAs) – 2nd Edition
WHO Launches the PQP Collaborative Registration Procedure. WHO Prequalification of Medicines Programme. (WHO Drug Information Vol. 27, No. 4, 2013)
Guidelines on Submission of Documentation for Prequalification of Finished Pharmaceutical Products Approved by Stringent Regulatory Authorities. WHO Technical Report Series, No. 986, 2014, Annex 5
Good Review Practices: Guidelines for National And Regional Regulatory Authorities. WHO Technical Report Series, No. 992, 2015, Annex 9
Collaborative Procedure Between the World Health Organization (WHO) Prequalification Team and National Regulatory Authorities in the Assessment and Accelerated National Registration of WHO-prequalified Pharmaceutical Products and Vaccines. WHO Technical Report Series, No. 996, 2016, Annex 8
WHO Expert Committee on Specifications for Pharmaceutical Preparations - WHO Technical Report Series, No. 1003 - Fifty-first Report (Geneva, 17–21 October 2016)
Good Practices of National Regulatory Authorities in Implementing the Collaborative Registration Procedures for Medical Products. WHO Technical Report Series, No. 1019, 2019, Annex 6
http://www.who.int/medicines/areas/quality_safety/quality_assurance/regulatory_standards/en/http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/pharmprep/en/http://www.who.int/medicines/areas/quality_safety/quality_assurance/en/http://www.who.int/medicines/regulation/en/http://www.who.int/medicines/regulation/prequalification/en/

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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One of the best ways Southwest Airlines celebrates our "Southwest Story" is through our annual One Report. Today, we are excited to announce the release of the 2017 Southwest Airlines One Report, which highlights financial performance, citizenship efforts, and key events that occurred for Southwest throughout the past year.
When I think about Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., there are several words that come to mind: civility, equality, respect, love, service, and community to name a few. Today is a great reminder of the responsibility we each have to do our part to show kindness to one another and to embrace civility, even in difficult times.
Located in Network Operations Control (NOC) at Southwest's Headquarters, the Meteorology Team consists of 10 operational meteorologists who specialize in impact-oriented forecasting and weather communication. The conclusions from our meteorologists are used in strategic and tactical decision support across all of Southwest's operations.
We're often asked if Campus Reach Interns are ever hired for full-time employment after their internship. Our answer: we love hiring Interns! The Campus Reach Program has built a talent acquisition pipeline here at Southwest, so you will see many of our former Interns roaming the hallways as full-time Southwest Employees.
Jake Garbelotti interned twice in the Technical Operations Department, in Fall 2013 and Summer 2014. He is now a Material Planner I in Technical Operations. Read on for more.
Once we felt the full impact of Hurricane Harvey, it was apparent no planes would be taking off from Houston Hobby anytime soon. I have never seen so much rain or the lightning and tornadoes that accompanied it. Meanwhile, Southwest had been working around the clock to get us out of Houston. When a brief break in the heavy rain occurred around mid-afternoon on Saturday, Southwest managed to evacuate 500-600 Passengers. Thanks to Southwest it was not the nightmare it could have been.
Our meteorologists work on the bridge in the NOC, and utilize up to seven computer monitors to analyze weather data, build graphics, and collaborate with each other as well as other forecasters in the National Weather Service.
Our Southwest story began more than 50 years ago in San Antonio when southwest Co-Founders Herb Kelleher and Rollin King first sat down to discuss the "crazy" idea of starting an airline. Since then, our Company not only survived, but became the envy of just about every other airline out there. It's a story worth keeping track of, and that's exactly what we do within our Corporate Archive at Southwest's Headquarters in Dallas.
We're often asked if Campus Reach Interns are ever hired for full-time employment after their internship. Our answer: we love hiring Interns! The Campus Reach Program has built a talent acquisition pipeline here at Southwest, so you will see many of our former Interns roaming the hallways now as full-time Southwest Employees.
Caitrin Batlle interned on both the Customer Intelligence and Revenue Management Teams back in Spring 2015 and Summer 2016, and is now a Market Strategy Yield Analyst in Revenue Management. Read on for more.
To mark the occasion, Boeing hosted a ribbon cutting and signing ceremony at their Seattle Delivery Center. On hand to officially accept the 737th (N8533S) were Southwest's Managers of Aircraft Field Services Bill Rogers and Peggy Hain.
Southwest Airlines started in 1971 as a mighty airline with only three aircraft. Last Thursday, almost 46 years later, we reached an exciting Southwest milestone by taking delivery of our 737th brand new 737!
While you may be familiar with the Customer Service Agent who helps you at the airport, the Flight Attendant who serves you drinks and Hospitality at 35,000 feet, and the Pilot who get you safely to your destination, there are hundreds of Teams who work behind the scenes to keep Southwest successful and our Customers happy. Here is one such group: Business Development.
Think back—who motivated, supported, and inspired you when you were starting to consider your future career? Did a certain individual play a pivotal role in your career development? As you think about these two questions, were you immediately inspired or did you have to take time to reflect on a series of events?
We asked some of our incredible Southwest women to share their stories.
A little less than a month after Herb Kelleher filed papers to establish our Company, the aircraft that would become the cornerstone of Southwest airlines operation took flight for the first time on April 9, 1967. Over the weekend, a birthday party was held at Boeing Field in Seattle to celebrate the half century of service of the 737.
Campus Reach: Where Are They Now?
We're often asked if Campus Reach Interns are ever hired for full-time employment after their internship. Our answer: we love hiring interns! The Campus Reach Program has built a talent acquisition pipeline here at Southwest, so you will see many of our former Interns roaming the hallways now as full-time Southwest Employees. Kiki Gao is one example. She interned in the Corporate Tax Department in spring 2013, and is now a Tax Accountant within Corporate Tax.
From the West Coast to the Windy City, one intern talks about how her time with Southwest has expanded her horizons.
My internship with Southwest has helped me in my professional career as I learn about the Company's core values such as having a Fun-LUVing Attitude and a Warrior Spirit. But my time with Southwest has also led me to achieve some personal goals as I've taken advantage of the benefits to run and bike my way all over new cities across America.
From Classroom to Campus Reach: Proof that Dreams Can Become Reality!
As a small-town girl from Nebraska, I never thought interning at my dream company would be this rewarding. Southwest Airlines was a place I often referred to when researching successful trends in organizational development, Leadership, and Employee engagement for my Communication Studies courses. To be selected as a Southwest Intern and able to see the Culture on a daily basis has been a true blessing. Nearly every experience has been fascinating and proof that it's possible to love what you do every single day.
As a kid, I was always excited for Halloween. Who doesn't like free candy?! However, I never imagined how Southwest would bring Halloween … or HalloWN, as we call it here, to a whole new level.
I'm the Safety Intern in the Flight Operations Department at Southwest Airlines. Even through the short duration of my internship, I have experienced firsthand what "Southwest Family" means. Although I've been here for only a few months, I've made relationships similar to those of close cousins. At work—just as with a family—you have to put effort in, but the resulting love and affection are wonderfully heartwarming.
Hurricane Matthew, currently a Category 4 Hurricane, is anticipated to make landfall later today in Florida and will continue up the coast into Georgia and South Carolina by Friday. If you have travel planned through Nassau, Ft. Lauderdale, West Palm Beach, Orlando, Jacksonville, Ft. Meyers, Tampa, Charleston, between today and Tuesday; or Charlotte, or Raleigh/Durham between today and Saturday, and you would like to rebook your travel, we're offering you flexible accommodations.


Some of the new numbers are slightly higher than their 2016 counterparts. For instance, the Section 415 limit on annual additions to a participant's account will increase from $53,000 to $54,000, and the annual compensation limit will increase from $265,000 to $270,000. However, the annual 401(k), 403(b), or 457(b) deferral limit will remain $18,000, and the annual retirement plan catch-up contribution limit will remain $6,000.
The annual compensation threshold used to identify highly compensated employees ("HCEs") will remain $120,000 for 2017. Since the 2017 limit will not become relevant until 2018 when employers "look back" at their employees' 2017 compensation, employers should consider their employees' 2016 compensation (for which the limit was also $120,000) when identifying HCEs for 2017, as well as 5% owners during either 2016 or 2017.
The annual limit on IRA contributions (whether traditional or Roth) will remain at $5,500, and the annual limit on IRA catch-up contributions will remain at $1,000. The Social Security taxable wage base (important for retirement plans that are "integrated" with Social Security) will increase from $118,500 to $127,200.
The maximum contribution to an HSA will increase slightly from $3,350 to $3,400 for individual coverage, but will remain $6,750 for family coverage. The maximum HSA catch-up contribution will remain at $1,000.
The minimum deductible for any HDHP (which must accompany any HSA) will remain $1,300 for individual coverage, and $2,600 for family coverage. For 2017, the limit on total annual HDHP out-of-pocket expenses (deductibles, co-payments, and other amounts – but not premiums) will remain $6,550 for self-only coverage and $13,100 for family coverage.
The 2017 maximum out-of-pocket limits for "essential health benefits" provided under all non-grandfathered health plans will increase from $6,850 to $7,150 for individual coverage, and from $13,700 to $14,300 for family coverage. Because the out-of-pocket limits for essential health benefits are adjusted using the "premium adjustment percentage" calculated by the Department of Health and Human Services, and the maximum HDHP out-of-pocket expense is adjusted on the basis of the Consumer Price Index, it is not unusual to see a more significant change in the out-of-pocket limits for essential health benefits.
The limit on employee deferrals to health FSAs in 2017 will increase to $2,600. This limit applies only to salary reduction contributions under a health FSA and not to employer contributions. For this purpose, however, any employer FSA contributions that could have been received in cash are treated as salary reduction contributions.
A laminated version of the 2017 limits card is available upon request. To obtain one or more copies, please contact any member of our Employee Benefits Group. You also can contact the Spencer Fane Marketing Department at 816.474.8100 or marketing@spencerfane.com.


Anna Burns has won this year's Man Booker Prize with her book Milkman.
The book, set in an unnamed Northern Irish city during the Troubles, is a coming-of-age story about a young girl's affair with a married man.
Burns is the first author from Northern Ireland to win in the Man Booker and will receive £50,000 in prize money.


Hanlon, JT, Horner, RD, Schmader, KE, Fillenbaum, GG, Lewis, IK, Wall, WE, Landerman, LR, Pieper, CF, Blazer, DG, and Cohen, HJ. "Benzodiazepine use and cognitive function among community-dwelling elderly." Clin Pharmacol Ther 64, no. 6 (December 1998): 684-692.
Schmader, K, George, LK, Burchett, BM, and Pieper, CF. "Racial and psychosocial risk factors for herpes zoster in the elderly." The Journal of Infectious Diseases 178 Suppl 1 (November 1998): S67-S70.
White, H, Pieper, C, and Schmader, K. "The association of weight change in Alzheimer's disease with severity of disease and mortality: a longitudinal analysis." J Am Geriatr Soc 46, no. 10 (October 1998): 1223-1227.
Schmader, K, George, LK, Burchett, BM, Hamilton, JD, and Pieper, CF. "Race and stress in the incidence of herpes zoster in older adults." J Am Geriatr Soc 46, no. 8 (August 1998): 973-977.
Fillenbaum, GG, Heyman, A, Huber, MS, Woodbury, MA, Leiss, J, Schmader, KE, Bohannon, A, and Trapp-Moen, B. "The prevalence and 3-year incidence of dementia in older Black and White community residents." Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 51, no. 7 (July 1998): 587-595.
Schmader, KE, Hanlon, JT, Fillenbaum, GG, Huber, M, Pieper, C, and Horner, R. "Medication use patterns among demented, cognitively impaired and cognitively intact community-dwelling elderly people." Age Ageing 27, no. 4 (July 1998): 493-501.


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DeMarcus Cousins is healthier; now destroying centers in the West
Boogie zipped up Denver and threw them in the dumpster last night. He's been a major problem for several teams the Dubs could meet in the postseason, despite the doubts of naysayers
By Daniel Hardee@WeaponizedJoy Apr 3, 2019, 1:14pm PDT
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The Golden State Warriors just dropkicked the Denver Nuggets in the chest with both feet in Oracle Arena. The 116-102 domination was the second straight time the Warriors flexed on the alleged second best team in the Western Conference. The best part was the champs got to show off their shiny new center, DeMarcus Cousins, against All-Star big man and NBA Twitter idol Nikola Jokic.
"Boogie" buried Denver with 28 points, 13 rebounds, 5 assists, two steals, two blocks, on 12-of-17 shooting from the field, 2-of-4 from three-point range. To remind you, Cousins TORE HIS ACHILLES OVER A YEAR AGO. People thought he might never be a factor again, that his All-Star glory days were over.
Draymond Green to @KerithBurke: "It was definitely a statement game for DeMarcus. He was the best big man in this league for some years, and he's coming back to take that." pic.twitter.com/vVl7O7Ikqt
— Drew Shiller (@DrewShiller) April 3, 2019
When Cousins first played for the Warriors after sitting out this year, he looked stuck in the mud. He was plodding, slow, frustrated, with major defensive lapses and several blown layups. Immediately, NBA Twitter at large and an impatient contingent of Dub Nation wrote him off FOR THE REST OF THE SEASON. Why? Because he was a giant playing like a man still rehabbing a near career ending leg injury.
I hope those people have health care to get some orthopedic care for all those repetitive KNEE JERK reactions.
Boogie really a liability & the Warriors not gonna see it until the playoffs start...
— Legendary (@Legendary_GK) March 14, 2019
Oh word? The smartest organization in basketball doesn't know what they're doing, but somehow you can see it huh?
Boogie is a liability.....Can't wait for the playoffs
— What time the Rockets play? (@BOB_Boblaw) March 6, 2019
Boogie is going to be a liability for the Warriors in the playoffs Mark my words.
— The Wizard King (@JakeVestal44) March 6, 2019
He didn't look like a liability when he completely dismantled the #2 seed in the West.
Boogie looked like a liability last night vs the Rockets to me. Game too fast. If they see the Lakers itll be the same thing. He will be unplayable come playoff time.
— Thadeacon (@Thadeacon_) February 24, 2019
This tweet was dated Feb 24th, Cousins played his first game back from major surgery January 18th. #SNAPJUDGMENTALERT
Boogie is gonna be a liability in more tightly controlled games in the playoffs.
— 28-0 Against 6'1" Kemba Walker (@PeriwinkleRip) February 9, 2019
Through their entire playoff run, GS has never had a true defensive liability...Boogie may be the first https://t.co/T0mNcGZtlL
— Tony Jones (@Tjonesonthenba) December 27, 2018
Love Boogie, but I'm with @BillSimmons: How can Boogie play more than 15 minutes in a playoff game, the defensive liability outweighs the offense.
— Matt Parker (@mattaparker) March 14, 2019
I'm gonna need people to stop referring to the "playoffs" as a mysterious black hole that will swallow the Warriors alive and push them past the breaking point. We know exactly what teams are headed into the postseason and the Warriors signed Cousins SPECIFICALLY FOR THAT TIME PERIOD.
I mean, won't the Nuggets get into the playoffs according to that fancy #2 seed? Do you think that's a problem for Cousins?
Is DeMarcus Cousins (28 points, 12 rebounds, 5 assists) trolling Nikola Jokic (10 points, 5 rebounds, 5 assists, 6 turnover) by pretending to look for him? pic.twitter.com/PpyhyARwwT
What about the Thunder, they're headed to the playoffs. Also, they're who Boogie flustered on both ends in a 110-88 destruction in Oklahoma City the last time the two teams squared off.
OKC's offense is looking quite ugly so far. Cousins is fully engaged defensively and causing trouble
— Shane Young (@YoungNBA) March 17, 2019
OH, I know, you're thinking about what if they meet those sneaky Houston Rockets, right?
"Omg, James Harden and Chris Paul are so amazing that they'll just run Cousins off the floor."
- What you may be thinking 4/3/2019
That's certainly a conundrum to consider; two masterful iso players dragging the heavy-footed Cousins out an island. But did you consider that Cousins also brings a major dilemma for the Rockets to figure out? Mainly, how will they defend the champs once Boogie turns Houston center Clint Capela into BBQ chicken again? Cousins slapped 27-8-7 on Houston the last time he saw them.
People are more than welcome to keep doubting Boogie's ability to help the Warriors in the postseason, but I think it's becoming less and less likely that he'll be a liability. The scary part is the pendulum seems to be swinging in the other direction: Cousins might just dominate the playoffs.
Who was your Warrior Wonder in the Denver beatdown?
DeMarcus Cousins
Road doldrums continue as Warriors fall to Timberwolves, 119-99 The Warriors closed a 1-3 trip and lost their fifth road game in six tries. And painfully, it was Minnesota's Strength In Numbers that did it.
Shorthanded Warriors finish road trip with 119-99 loss to Timberwolves No Steph. No Draymond. No GPII. That's how it goes.
Draymond Green out for at least two weeks Draymond has a calf issue, which is tied to a back issue. The leg bone's connected to the thigh bone, the thigh bone's connected to the hip bone, and the hip bone's connected to the back bone, so this checks out.


Multiplatinum R&B singer Mariah Carey will launch a world tour, her first in seven years, Feb. 14 at the Sportaleis in Antwerp, Belgium.
The 18-date tour will travel across Europe and the Far East for a month before arriving at the Staples Center in Los Angeles on March 16, according to the singer's publicist at PMK Public Relations.
The nine U.S. dates on the "Mariah's Rainbow Tour — One Night Only!" will end April 11 at Madison Square Garden in New York.
Carey's last series of dates was 1993's outing coinciding with the release of her Music Box album. She will be hitting the road behind her most recent multiplatinum album, Rainbow. The singer's ninth studio effort features the hit "Heartbreaker" (RealAudio excerpt) and Carey's R&B-flavored take on the Phil Collins song "Against All Odds (Take a Look at Me Now)" (RealAudio excerpt).
The album also has a number of cameos from rappers including Da Brat and Missy "Misdemeanor" Elliott, and Carey told MTV News that she may be joined by her hip-hop friends on the road.
"When I'm in the States, I'm going to see who's around whatever city we're in," Carey said. "Hopefully, in Atlanta or Chicago, maybe we'll have Da Brat. I haven't asked her yet. I have to give her a call and see what's up with her. I was paging [producer] Jermaine [Dupri] last night. He said he'll be there."
Carey received an Award of Achievement honor from the American Music Awards on Monday night (Jan. 17) for her "rare and distinguished accomplishments"; pop superstars Michael Jackson and Prince are the only previous winners.
Singer Olivia Newton-John, who presented the award, said the R&B singer had a #1 record every year in the 1990s, spent more weeks on the pop singles chart than any other artist (surpassing the Beatles), had more #1 singles than any other female artist and has sold 128 million records worldwide.
Carey, who also performed, dedicated the award to two young girls who had accompanied her to the ceremony. The girls were from the Make-a-Wish Foundation, a charity that helps children with terminal or life-threatening illnesses. "Their achievements are a lot more special than mine," she said.


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Brian Urlacher Quotes
Brian Urlacher quotes: insight on football, toughness, Hall of Fame, and more, from one of the greatest middle linebackers of all-time, Chicago Bears' Brian Urlacher.
"I want to be remembered as a championship football player."
"You want to be the best at your position. And if people think of me as one of the best ever, that's the ultimate compliment."
"You can't take a second off. I have to keep proving myself every Sunday."
"I like to think of myself as a regular guy, except I play football for a living. I try not to be an arrogant turd out there."
"Coming from a small town in New Mexico, I was just happy to go to college for free. Then I got better and better.''
"If you play middle linebacker, you want to play in Chicago because, to me, it's the most coveted defensive position in football: middle linebacker for the Chicago Bears. It was an honor."
"I tried to be the same to everyone. You know the first day of training camp, when you don't know everybody's names because there are so many guys? Bullsh*t, I knew everybody's name. I knew the linemen's names, the receivers and DBs nobody knew. I tried to treat everyone the same. I'd say hi to everybody and talk to everyone. That's the way Lovie and Dick Jauron were to us. They treated us all the same."
"That p*ssed me off, and the next year what happened? I was NFL defensive player of the year. I think I was vindicated."
"It was always talked about but personally I didn't compare to other players. I felt I was different than other players at my position."
"People don't think I'm big enough to be mean. I don't look big enough, but I am."
"I lead by example. But if I get p*ssed enough, I'll say something. It usually isn't rah-rah; it's more complaining."
"If you play angry, you lose what you're supposed to do. On defense we just read our keys and play fast."
"I see things as they happen pretty quick, and I just go hit it."
"It's freaking football. There are going to be big hits. I don't understand how they can do this after one weekend of hitting. And I can't understand how they can suspend us for it. I think it's a bunch of bull."
"You've got to be a little nasty out there. But most of the time, I'm having fun."
"How great a life is this? To get to knock guys' heads off for 60 minutes and not get thrown in jail?"
"I think it's the best position in football. You're right in the middle of it all. Everything comes to you."
"Two of the people I don't care about: fans or media."
"You can call it ugly if you want, but I'd call it a win."
"I love when people pick against us because we just go out and prove them wrong. In training camp, there was no doubt in anyone's mind we had the personnel to do it. It was just a matter of staying healthy and going out there and doing it. Knock on wood, we stayed healthy, and it's been a fun season for us so far."
"Just watch the film. I don't know what people are saying, but I'm not too worried about it anymore. All I can do is go out there and play hard and try and help my team win, and that's what I'm going to keep doing."
"But I hate the way our identity has changed. We used to establish the run and wear teams down and try not to make mistakes, and we'd rely on our defense to keep us in the game and make big plays to put us in position to win. Kyle Orton might not be the flashiest quarterback, but the guy is a winner, and that formula worked for us. I hate to say it, but that's the truth."
"They've had some great ones here – Butkus, Singletary, and Bill George – but I'm not trying to be like them. I'm just trying to be me."
"From the highlights I've seen, Butkus was a violent dude in a violent era. You could clothesline then, you could head-slap then. He was mean – he could do anything he wanted to back then. We get penalized now if we graze the quarterback's helmet. We get fined if we hit the quarterback the wrong way."
"I love football in the rain. That is what it's all about."
"I hate talking about myself, but just look at the way I changed the position. I changed what was asked of middle linebackers, to do what a lot of guys can't do: cover 40 yards down the middle and still play the run. Most guys can do one or the other, and you bring someone in on third downs."
"I was the guy who could do it all. I could blitz, especially early in my career. I had the interceptions, the tackles for a loss. There were no glaring weaknesses in my game. Of course I didn't get off blocks great; not a lot of guys did."
"This process was stressful but now it's definitely worth the wait. What an amazing class I get to be enshrined with. I'm happy my family got to go through this process with me and put up with me through the whole thing.''
"I didn't feel any stress up until today. I knew we had two guys getting in for sure – Randy and Ray. It was a long process. You just don't know what to expect until you go through it I guess. Hearing guys tell stories of what they went through and didn't get in, that's what I was thinking about. To get over the hump the first time, it's pretty awesome. This is a great class."
"It'd be sweet to go in on first ballot, but any time would be awesome. Whatever happens, happens. I'm not really nervous. My numbers aren't going to change."
"It's unreal. It's a great tradition."
"My mom is my heart. But my stepdad was my role model, the hardest working man I ever knew."
That's it from Urlacher. Want more wisdom? Stay in Chi-Town, but switch sports – peep Jordan's best quotes next.


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» Materials Science » Analytical Microscopy and Imaging Science
Analytical Microscopy and Imaging Science
NREL uses transmission/scanning electron and scanning probe techniques to measure the chemical, structural, morphological, electrical, interfacial, and luminescent properties on the nano to Angstrom scale.
We investigate such properties in a wide range of photovoltaic and semiconducting materials, with particular emphasis on extended defects and interfaces and how these affect device performance. A powerful approach for further device improvements is the linking of nano- and sub-nanoscale material and device properties to macro-scale device performance.
The following capabilities are used in NREL research, as well as in collaborative research with the Colorado School of Mines as part of the International Center for Multiscale Characterization.
Transmission and Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy
We investigate the structure and chemistry of a wide range of materials, with particular emphasis on the structure and chemistry associated with defects and interfaces using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning TEM (S/TEM). This is particularly useful for determining how the microstructure affects derived material properties. Our microscopes are equipped to perform diffraction contrast, higher-resolution phase-contrast microscopy, high-angle annular dark-field (HAADF) microscopy, nanodiffraction, convergent beam electron diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS).
Andrew Norman| Email| 303-384-6483
Focused Ion Beam Milling
Our FEI Nova 200 Nanolab is used for multiple tasks at NREL. The primary task is sample preparation for high-resolution TEM/STEM analysis. Coupled with the in-situ electron beam induced current capabilities, this allows for extraction of specific features deemed detrimental to device performance such as grain boundaries, dislocations, and interfaces. This tool is also used for fiduciary marking, preparation of cross-sections for SEM imaging, and preparation of samples for cutting-edge SEM-based analysis. In addition, this instrument is equipped with electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and EDS capabilities, and it can operate in the temperature range of 300 K to 80 K.
Contact: Harvey Guthrey | Email| 303-384-6232
Our JEOL 8900 Super Probe is used to provide Electron Probe Microanalysis (EPMA) for quantitative compositional analysis. It relies on wavelength-dispersive spectroscopy to identify and quantify elemental composition with a high degree of accuracy. Profiling against standards we have available, the EPMA covers the majority of the periodic table from boron to bismuth. Detection limits and sensitivity for the EPMA are in the 0.5%–1% atomic weight percentage range.
Contact: Bobby To| Email | 303-384-6704
We use field-emission SEM (FESEM) to analyze the morphology/microstructure with high-spatial resolution (up to 1.2 nm). Backscattered-electrons (BSE) mode allows for elemental-sensitive imaging.
We use electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) to analyze the crystallographic and structural properties, including texture, boundaries, and grain size. Capabilities include orientation maps that produce images of the crystallographic orientation of the sample surface with angle resolution of 0.1°, and spatial resolution as high as 10 nm.
Energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (EDS) is used for standardless compositional analysis and can identify all elements above beryllium (Z=4), in spot, line, and mapping mode, with sensitivity as low as 0.5 weight %.
Contact: Helio Moutinho | Email | 303-384-6457
Cathodoluminescence, Electron-Beam-Induced Current
Cathodoluminescence (CL) and electron-beam-induced current (EBIC) are SEM-based characterization techniques that use the electron beam to generate electron-hole pairs for imaging the electrical and optical properties of semiconductors with high spatial resolution.
They are used to investigate the distribution of recombination centers in semiconductors, including extended defects such as dislocations and grain boundaries, stress fields, compositional fluctuations, and other important features—with an ultimate spatial resolution of about 50 nm. Our 6K cryogenic stage allows an energy resolution that is comparable to low-temperature photoluminescence (PL).
Contact: Harvey Guthrey | Email | 303-384-6232
Scanning Probe Microscopy Platforms
We can perform surface morphology and structure determination, nm-resolution imaging of electrical inhomogeneity, and nm-scale junction and defect studies. The platforms include atomic force microscopy (AFM) for surface morphology; Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) for electrical potential, scanning spreading resistance microscopy (SSRM)/conductive-AFM (C-AFM) for local resistivity; scanning capacitance microscopy (SCM)/scanning capacitance spectroscopy (SCS) for carrier distribution; scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS) for atomic/electronic structures; and near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) for transport imaging by combining with e-beam exciting of minority carriers.
Contact: Chun-Sheng Jiang | Email | 303-384-6687
Katie Jungjohann
Principle Scientist
Katherine.Jungjohann@nrel.gov
The Materials Science Center is part of the Materials, Chemical, and Computational Science directorate, led by Associate Lab Director Bill Tumas.


There's no such thing as a perfect brand. We all make mistakes one way or another and that results to negative feedback from customers. The trick here lies on how you handle these complaints in the most professional and efficient way possible.
If someone posts something bad about your brand, take a screen capture of it. This serves as a safety measure in the event that the issue escalates.
In the world of social network, word travels fast. Respond swiftly and appropriately to issues; the longer you delay the more damage it can do.
If you don't know how to address a complaint, ask someone who does. Don't try to solve something you have no knowledge of because it might do more damage than good.
Remember that you are on social media. Every answer you give will have an effect on the brand's image. Analyze a user's comment; is it genuine or does it look like an attempt to pick a fight? If it's the latter, then just do as Elsa did in Frozen and let it go.
Apologizing shows that your company is responsible and sincere. But keep in mind that there is such a thing as overdoing it. Apologizing too much might give the impression that your brand constantly makes mistakes.
If the usual tone of your posts is pleasant, friendly, and positive, followers will engage with you in the same way. Avoid sounding like a know-it-all because people will feel the need to prove you wrong.
To avoid them ranting in public, you should come up with a way customers can easily reach you regarding their concerns. Make sure you follow through with your promise to respond efficiently, though.
Use services that immediately alert you of posts and tweets about your brand. This allows you to act quickly if there are issues your company must resolve.
Social media monitoring is crucial to your brand's continuous success. By using these tips, you can effectively handle negative commentary and become a beacon of excellent customer service.


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Aclopus intermedius är en skalbaggsart som beskrevs av Blanchard 1850. Aclopus intermedius ingår i släktet Aclopus och familjen Aclopidae. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Externa länkar

Skalbaggar
intermedius

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Cape Breton Regional Police are advising drivers of traffic delays starting tomorrow.
Nova Scotia Power is beginning an upgrade of services in the Townsend Street area of Sydney.
The workers will be on the scene from Tuesday-Friday this week from 6:30 a.m. until 6:30 p.m.
The work will last for several weeks until all poles are replaced and services are upgraded from the Nova Scotia Power substation on Townsend Street to the Esplanade.
Townsend Street will be reduced to one lane of traffic starting tomorrow.
Police also ask motorists to take an alternate route to avoid traffic delays on Townsend Street, with stoppages also from McKenzie to George Street in Sydney.


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FEELIN U (FEAT. DEMARCO, DOCTOR, RAS KWAME) Provided to youtube by seed feelin u (feat. demarco, doctor, ras kwame) · kickraux · ayo jay · tyga · demarco · doctor · ras kwame feelin u (feat.
AYO JAY (@IAMAYOJAY) - THINK ABOUT ME (OFFICIAL MUSIC VIDEO) Follow ayo jay @iamayojay music video by ayo jay performing "think about me" 2015 (c) one nation records, llc. available on itunes!
ESTRELLA - KEVIN ROLDAN, AYO JAY Encuentra más vídeos suscribiéndote a nuestro canal: http://www.youtube.com/user/kevinroldanofficial?sub_confirmation=1 .
CAP B - SHE LIKE IT FT AYO JAY Fresh banger from capb, after a first play, you probably won't want to stop playing it. ayo jay delivers a delicous hook. enjoy listening.
AYO JAY - JAY BABA (FREESTYLE) PROD. BY MELVITTO Just a little freestyle i did on a very good melvitto beat. ps: jay baba was my nick name in high school. download here: http://bit.ly/l9rlpc.
KEVIN ROLDAN, AYO JAY - ESTRELLA (LYRIC VIDEO) Music video by kevin roldan, ayo jay performing estrella (lyric video). © 2019 umg recordings, inc. http://vevo.ly/d65enb.
AYO JAY - YOUR NUMBER (UNOFFICIAL VIDEO) Subscribe.
AYO JAY - 'YOUR NUMBER' BY MARTA SZLACHCIANOWSKA & SIDO DANCER Choreography by marta szlachcianowska & sido dancer contact [email protected] place - lyon, france.
CHRIS BROWN FEAT AYO JAY , KID INK YOUR NUMBER (REMIX) ❤ Your number.


text:
Democratic debate: Scenes around Miami arena before the debate
Follow USA TODAY TODAY Network journalists covering the first of 12 presidential primary debates.
Sara Marino on Twitter
Twitter"Good morning Miami 👋! Today @LeahVossVisuals and I, along with others, will be covering the first #DemocraticDebate for @USATODAY. Stick with us as we walk you through everything that's happening before and after the first night of debates!"
by oscar.santiago-torres 6/26/2019 2:04:04 PM
Twitter"Here are some pictures of the outside of the Ziff Ballet Opera House where the media was asked to come to pick up our press badges."
Twitter"The media is expected to do a walkthrough of the debate hall in the next 10 minutes or so. NBC officials have told us we're allowed to take pictures."
Twitter"So far about 30-40 members of the media have lined up for the tour, which is expected to begin at 9 a.m."
Twitter"The debate hall fits 1,600 people, an NBC official said."
Twitter"One reporter asked how candidates were placed for debates on Wednesday and Thursday. An NBC official said candidates were randomly picked to debate tonight and tomorrow night."
Twitter"Here are some pictures of the inside of the debate hall."
Twitter"As you can see, they've created this fixture of the White House as wells as the NBC News logo. https://t.co/McTHEdA8h5"
Twitter"Here's a better picture of the stage."
Twitter"Here's a video of the audience seating in the debate hall. https://t.co/DUjyT4phTa"
Twitter"Here's a video of the inside of the debate hall. Tonight and tomorrow night this entire hall is expected to be jam packed. https://t.co/jbQJLnmdRi"
Twitter"An NBC official told me the hashtag that'll be used tonight during the debates is #DemDebates"
Twitter"This will be the last time the media is allowed to be inside the debate hall. During the debate, we'll all be in separate rooms."
Twitter"Here's the outside of the Knight Concert Hall with the first debate taking place tonight at 9, the only people around now are members of the media. https://t.co/DZdksEBJ2F"
Alright folks, im now in the press/spin room. Here are some images of the area. https://pbs.twimg.com/media/D-AQEdRXsAENuh1.jpg
by Sara Marino via twitter 6/26/2019 5:20:32 PM
Alright folks, I'm now in the media/ spin room. Here's what it looks like on our end. https://pbs.twimg.com/media/D-AQRmtWsAYm_uX.jpg
Here's a video of the press/spin room. @LeahVossVisuals and I will be stationed here this afternoon and into the night as well as tomorrow night.
Here's the lineup for both nights! https://pbs.twimg.com/media/D-ATNBZWkAAISsW.jpg


Software product dev head Scott Rohde won't say on which platform though.
Team ICO's The Last Guardian may be dangerously close to being vapourware to most observers, given that it's been in development since 2007, but SCE Worldwide Studios PlayStation software product development head Scott Rohde has assured us that it is indeed in the mix.
Sony is still committed to the project thankfully and that has much to do with the interest of fans. "We want to make great games. And when we see that the public is so interested in a specific game, of course that drives us to want to complete that game. But it also drives us to want to make it great. We would not want to ship that game if we don't think it's great.
Now when will it be out and which controller will you need to be holding when that happens? Stay tuned in the coming months to find out.


text:
import React from 'react';
import Quiz from './Quiz'

require('normalize.css');
require('styles/App.scss');

class App extends React.Component {
  constructor(props){
    super(props);
  }

  render() {
    return (
      <Quiz id={99} />
    );
  }
}

App.defaultProps = {};

export default App;


2000 -2001 Journal of Environmental Radioactivity: Special Issue "Radionuclide soil-to-plant transfer"
2017 8th CASEE Conference, Sustainable development in Europe - cooperation between science and practice. What's the position of Central and South Eastern Europe?
2016 The 7th International Conference CASEE - "The Role of Life Sciences in Europe's 2020 strategy"
2015 6th CASEE Conferences "Latest Trends in Bioeconomy in Danube Region"
2014 5th CASEE Conference "Healthy Food Production and Environmental Preservation – The Role of Agriculture, Forestry and Applied Biology"
2013 4th CASEE Conference "Food and Biomass Production - Basis for a Sustainable Rural Development"
2011 2nd CASEE-conference "The EU-strategy for the Danube region - with special emphasis on land and water management and the environment"
2004 Austrian-Polish Workshop on "Soil Organic Matter and Element Interactions"
2003 Recent Developments in Computational Chemistry - Can Theory Answer Questions in Applied Natural Sciences?


text:
Q: I have problem in keras , I have deleted some .py files I deleted some .py files and some fashion_mnist dataset from several path locations because I had problem in downloading fashion_mnist dataset
now there is some .py missing files
I got this error:

ImportError                               Traceback (most recent call last)
File C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\jupyterlab-debugger\lib\site-packages\IPython\core\interactiveshell.py, in run_code:
Line 3441:  exec(code_obj, self.user_global_ns, self.user_ns)
In  [5]:
Line 3:     from tensorflow import keras
File C:\Users\legion\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python39\site-packages\tensorflow\keras_init_.py, in :
Line 19:    from . import datasets
File C:\Users\legion\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python39\site-packages\tensorflow\keras\datasets_init_.py, in :
Line 13:    from . import fashion_mnist
ImportError: cannot import name 'fashion_mnist' from partially initialized module 'tensorflow.keras.datasets' (most likely due to a circular import) (C:\Users\legion\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python39\site-packages\tensorflow\keras\datasets_init_.py)
how to solve this problem?
I tried this in the environment that I am using
pip update --all

pip install keras

but the error is still there
problem image

A: You can check the data set yourself. If the data set is not found in the path below, the problem will be solved if you download and add it manually.
 C:\Users\Username.keras\datasets

or
C:\Users\Username\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\PythonXX\Lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\keras\datasets

Keras Mnist Datasets

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Soccerstoriesbook's Blog
Donn Risolo has been a soccer writer, editor and publicist since 1973. His new book, "Soccer Stories: Anecdotes, Oddities, Lore and Amazing Feats," was released recently by the University of Nebraska Press.
WHAT THEY'RE SAYING ABOUT
SOCCER STORIES: ANECDOTES,
ODDITIES, LORE AND
AMAZING FEATS:
"From conspiracy to controversy, this is a unique look at famous and not-so-famous incidents from world soccer. There's something here for all who love the game."
-- JP Dellacamera
World Cup and Olympic soccer commentator
"Risolo's Soccer Stories is precisely what it promises to be .... The author delivers it all in conversational, enthusiastic, and readable prose."
-- Benjamin D. Lisle
Journal of Sport History
"Fans will get a kick out of Soccer Stories: Anecdotes, Oddities, Lore and Amazing Feats. Read about highlights in soccer history from around the world, including Brazilian players paid in cattle, an African club that scored 149 goals against itself in one game, and more."
-- Michelle J. Mills
Pasadena Star-News
Buy Soccer Stories
BELGIUM 2, U.S. 1, AND AMERICA'S FUTURE
July 2, 2014, 8:50 pm
Filed under: U.S. 1, Uncategorized | Tags: Alamo, Andres Iniesta, Argentina, Belgium, Brad Guzan, Brazil, Chile, Chris Wondolowski, Clint Dempsey, Colombia, Costa Rica, Czechoslovakia, DaMarcus Beasley, Dino Zoff, France '98, Geoff Cameron, Ghana, Golden Generation, Group of Death, Holland, Hungary, Juergen Klinsmann, Julian Green, Kevin De Bruyne, Korea/Japan '02, Matt Besler, Mexico, Michael Bradley, Norway, Omar Gonzalez, Paraguay, Pele Generation, Portugal, Romania, Romelu Lukaku, Russia 2018, Salvador, Soviet Union, Spain, Sweden, Thibaut Courtois, Tim Howard, U.S., Uruguay, World Cup, Xavi
In a match that looked like a re-enactment of the siege of the Alamo, Belgium pounded away at the U.S. defense for 93 minutes before breaking through and ultimately winning, 2-1, in overtime to earn a World Cup quarterfinal showdown with Argentina.
Midfield dynamo Kevin De Bruyne and substitute striker Romelu Lukaku combined on both Belgian goals, beating an exhausted U.S. defense that was bombarded with 38 shots. Three minutes into extra time, Lukaku beat U.S. defender Matt Besler down the right wing to set up De Bruyne for the first goal, then a pass by De Bruyne allowed Lukaku to score on a powerful short-range shot. The desperate Americans staged a furious comeback and were rewarded in the 107th minute when 18-year-old substitute Julian Green volleyed home a chipped pass into the box by Michael Bradley, but the rally fell short.
The game was played in Salvador, and fittingly the man of the match was the USA's savior, Tim Howard, who put on a two-hour goalkeeping clinic. He made 16 saves, many of them spectacular, in sparing his side an embarrassingly lopsided defeat. It was the most saves in a World Cup game since the statistic was first kept in 1966.
Remarkably, the Americans nearly won the game in the final seconds of regulation added-on time. Substitute Chris Wondolowski, a natural poacher, latched onto the ball in a goalmouth scramble but put his shot over the bar in an effort to lift it over sprawling Belgian goalkeeper Thibaut Courtois. [July 1]
Comment: Now, following the handwringing, the postmortems start. Americans caught World Cup fever in a big way for the first time. But the Belgian police banged on the door and broke up their party, and they want the next party to last beyond midnight.
How can the U.S. get better and go farther at Russia 2018 (the team's qualification being a given)? A stronger Major League Soccer? An expanded U.S. academy program developing more and more young talent? The U.S. goal will soon be in the capable hands of Brad Guzan–unless the unpredictable Juergen Klinsmann tries to make Howard, now 35, the USA's answer to Dino Zoff. DaMarcus Beasley isn't likely to play in a fifth World Cup, so there is a need for a left back, and forward Clint Dempsey will be 35 in four years. Whether it's Besler or Omar Gonzalez or Geoff Cameron or a newcomer in the central defense, Klinsmann needs to find the right duo and stick with it. And the midfield must somehow get better without a Xavi or Andres Iniesta on the horizon.
Who knows if a "Group of Death" awaits the U.S. if it reaches Russia. And if it reaches the second round there, will its opponent be Belgium, or a side like Ghana (2010), or Mexico (2002) … or Brazil (1994). But it is a sure thing that the U.S. will be better–by how much is unknown, but it will be better.
The U.S. is nowhere near reaching its considerable potential. Participation figures that exceed 20 million and our soccer infrastructure say so. There's also that intangible, the slowly continuing evolution of the soccer culture here. Since the Pele Generation of the 1970s, the sport has improved on the grassroots level by leaps and bounds–and, admittedly, sometimes by small increments–but it has improved, and that improvement goes on uninterrupted . Compare that, then, with countries where soccer is well-established and yet the fortunes of the national team waxes and wanes, like Belgium. Or Chile, or Portugal, or Uruguay, or Romania, or Holland, or Norway, or Colombia, or Costa Rica, or Paraguay, or Sweden, or the remnants of the former Soviet Union or former Czechoslovakia. Most are left awaiting the emergence of its next "golden generation," which may require several generations of waiting. A nation like Spain played in the first World Cup in 1930 and didn't win one for 80 years. Hungary peaked in the early 1950s with one of the greatest teams ever and has been mostly an international soccer afterthought since.
The U.S. isn't any of those nations. Plot the national team's progress on a graph and the red line continues upward, sometimes sharply (Korea/Japan '02), sometimes not (France '98). It's why many of the countries in the soccer-playing world would trade their past and present for the USA's future in a heartbeat.


What is my body fat percentage? Am i skinny fat or just fat?
Can someone rate my diet?
Lean Bulked for 1 year, keep going or go on a cut?
Benefits and cons of cheat days?
Is it possible to Build Ab Muscles On A Cut? Best Exercises?
Is Styku accurate? wtf am I supposed to do?
Losing motivation - Keep bulking or cut?
What to do after a reverse diet?
Is a 600 calorie deficit too much?
any views on how i can improve weight loss and muscle mass?
Is this a good lifetime fitness goal or not?
I can help you lose fat. Get shredded!
What body fat % am i around?
bodybuilding.com intake calculators - how reliable?
Drop 500 calories to cut, eventually when you plateau, do you drop another 500?
Should i recomp or cut? 15 years old.
Can't cut fat because of medications!
Recompostion instead of cut for teen.
Is Jogging bad for muscles?
Cut or bulk when skinny fat?
Not losing weight but not gaining weight either?
8 weeks in- why am I not losing inches?
Help me! Don't know if I'm dealing with loose skin/fat/both and what to do.
Skinny fat or just fat?
Should I cut at my age and weight?
Decrease volume when cutting calories??
Weight fluctuations throughout life: how to stay on the weight loss wagon?
Cant lose fat on high carb diet?
My progress + Body fat %?
Almost 3 months of lifting and not seeing results but i can i feel results!
bulk during or after summer?
Am I strong / big enough to cut?
Research - Minimum FAT intake?
Giving Rep! Skinny Fat, What to do?
250 lbs --> 171 lbs, Next step?
Lifting while cutting? Newbie gains in a caloric deficit?
HIIT on treadmill and my diet plan, will this work?
My weight is maintaining/or increasing.. help?
Weight gain during flu - worried about losing muscle if attempt to lose fat.
Is 1600 calories too low?
Cut or lean Bulk after extreme weight loss?
Taking in to little calories making weight loss worse?
Advise for someone whos tried to lose fat over & over again but has failed everytime?
Significant weigh loss playing squash?
Cutting then slow bulk to continue with Muscle Gain- Main Goal- Good Plan?
What should be my best plan of action?
Does Riding a Stationary Bike Burn Belly Fat?
Which of these is the best routine for a long term goal of 20 lbs weight loss.
Whats a typical 1500 and 2000 calerie day for you?
Muscle Memory and Weight Stalling?
Any transformation challenges out there?
Is it normal to feel really small after cutting?
Do we lose waist inches faster towards the end of our cut?
CoolSculpting (Aka: Cryolipolysis) - Yes or No?
Skinny fat - to cut/bulk?
Haven't worked out in a couple years getting back into it.
Trying to cut any tips?
How To Find Out Goal Weight or How Much Muscle You Have?
195 -> 145. What now, to maximise aesthetics over next 3 months?
Help! 1 year of training and no definition.
My mid-section is an absolute crisis compared to the rest of my body.
Calories, blessing or a curse?
Tips for my calories please?
Sunken cheeks at what bf?
Lost only muscle but zero fat??
Any tips for a 90 day challenge?
Feel Skinny / Fat! 13% BF - Should I Cut or Bulk?
210 lbs. @ 5'11" // Bad Weight to Start Calisthenics?
Is this gonna lose me weight?
How did it happen : ( ?
Tell me what I'm doing wrong?
1 week diet break vs 2 week diet break?
Already a low weight, decent amount of muscle, still no sight of abs.
Is it normal to have your body look different all day?
How to determine calories burnt during lift?
When to end my cut?
Proposed program, not sure how well it will work. Thoughts?
Is weight loss plateau/stall a real thing?
Do i have gyno or just moobs?


A few years ago, I added my birthday to my calendar with a highly specific and presumptuous question attached.
Each year, on the day before, I get a little nudge to consider what kind of contribution, what kind of person, what kind of learning I intend to make/be/take on in the year ahead.
I love the invitation to embrace the simple, sober truth that every single day could be my last and that I damn well better make the most of it.
I hate the reminder that I get to choose, for as long as I'm here and healthy and bestowed with the largesse of privilege at my fingertips, I get to choose just what to make of every day.
I intend to love the people I love more generously and with a more abundant spirit of service.
I intend to expand my self-awareness and deepen my spirituality because it makes me a better human and a better agent of change and because I can't ask people to do the things I am not willing to do myself!
I will continue to write every day and practice piano every day, commitments that enrich my daily life and keep me at the edge of my learning. I will also sing more, because I love to sing (and it's why I started to play the piano).
I will create, based on my book, A More Daring Life, a workbook that allows readers to more practically apply its central teachings to their own lives. And I will use that workbook in the context of workshops for college students and professionals, anyone who is ready to move to the edge of their experience.
Further afield, but very present on my mind, I will move this year towards a concrete plan to make the pilgrimage of The Way of St. James in northern Spain, an endeavor I will complete within the next two years.
Finally, in the coming year, I will seek to be present and connected. I will ask for help instead of being stubborn and I will listen before giving advice. And I will ask forgiveness when I fail at all of the above.
I am older, slightly wiser, and massively energized for what's to come.


text:
Paul J. H. Schoemaker, Ph.D. (born 1949) is an academic, author, and an expert in the fields of strategic management and decision making.

He is listed among the most highly cited scholars globally (top 1%) as measured by academic publications in leading journals of business and economics.

Schoemaker was the founder and executive chairman of a consulting and training firm specializing in strategic management, Decision Strategies International and also the chairman of two family companies (Public Salt Inc in Ohio and Vaessen-Schoemaker BV in the Netherlands).  He also served on the board of the Decision Education Foundation, a philanthropic organization aimed at improving the decision making and judgment skills of adolescents, in associations with high schools around United States.

He currently lives in on the East Coast of USA with his wife, Joyce; they have two children.

Early life and education
He was born and raised in the Netherlands, and he started his studies in physics and mathematics at the University of Groningen, Netherlands. He graduated magna cum laude from the University of Notre Dame with a B.S. in physics in 1972. Later, he received an M.B.A. in Finance, an M.A. in Management and a Ph.D. in Decision Sciences, all three degrees from the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania.

Professional life
In 1975, he started his professional life  as a Lecturer of Management at the Wharton School and later in 1977 served there as an assistant Professor of Management. For over twelve years (starting 1979), he served as a full-time professor in the Graduate School of Business at the University of Chicago, specializing in strategy and decision sciences.

During 1982-84 he took an extended sabbatical with the strategic planning group of Royal Dutch Shell in London, where he helped pioneer scenario planning.

Prof. Schoemaker has served as Research Director of the Mack Institute for Innovation Management at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, where he remains as a senior fellow.

He was also the founder and Executive Chairman of Decision Strategies International, a consulting and training firm specializing in strategic management, executive development and multi-media software.

Paul Schoemaker has been an active private investor in new technology-based ventures and served on the board of directors of the Decision Education Foundation, a philanthropic organization aimed at improving the decision making and judgment skills of adolescents, in associations with high schools around United States.

Personal life
He lives with his wife Joyce in Villanova, Pennsylvania and Delray Beach, Florida; they have two children. His hobbies include tennis, golf and piano.

His brother Hubert Schoemaker was a co-founder and the president of the biotech company Centocor.

Publications
Schoemaker's articles have appeared in the Harvard Business Review, The Journal of Economic Literature and the Journal of Mathematical Psychology, as well as numerous other journals. A selection of articles and books  can be found below:

Books (author)
J. Edward Russo, Paul J.H. Schoemaker (1990); Decision Traps; Simon & Schuster;
Paul R. Kleindorfer, Howard C. Kunreuther, Paul J.H. Schoemaker (1993); Decision Sciences; Cambridge University Press;
George S. Day, Paul J. H. Schoemaker, Robert E. Gunther (2000); Wharton On Managing Emerging Technologies; Wiley ;
J. Edward Russo, Paul J.H. Schoemaker (2001); Winning Decisions; Crown Business;
Paul J.H. Schoemaker, Robert E. Gunther (2002); Profiting from Uncertainty; Simon & Schuster;
George S. Day, Paul J.H. Schoemaker (2006); Peripheral Vision; Harvard Business School Press;
Paul J.H. Schoemaker, Joyce A. Schoemaker (2009); Chips, Clones and Living Beyond Hundred; FT Press;
Paul J.H. Schoemaker (2011); Brilliant Mistakes: Finding Success on the Far Side of Failure; Wharton Digital Press;
Krupp, Steven and Paul J.H. Schoemaker, Winning the Long Game: How Strategic Leaders Shape the Future, Public Affairs Imprint of Perseus, Dec 2014.
Day, George S. and Schoemaker, Paul J.H., See Sooner–Act Faster: How Vigilant Leaders Thrive in an Era of Digital Turbulence, MIT Press, 2019.
Schoemaker, Paul J.H., Advanced Introduction to Scenario Planning, Edward Elgar Publishing, UK, 2022;
Articles
Paul J.H. Schoemaker (November 1995); Scenario Planning: "A Tool for Strategic Thinking", Sloan Management Review
George S. Day, Paul J.H. Schoemaker (November 2005); Scanning the Periphery;  Harvard Business Review
Paul J.H. Schoemaker, Robert E. Gunther  (June 2006); The Wisdom of Deliberate Mistakes;  Harvard Business Review
Paul J.H. Schoemaker  (March 2012); 6 Habits of True Strategic Thinkers;  Inc.com
Schoemaker, P.J.H., Steve Krupp and Samantha Howland, "Strategic Leadership:The Essential Skills" Harvard Business Review, Jan/Feb 2013, 131-134
Paul J.H. Schoemaker  (April 2012); Why Failure Is the Foundation of Innovation;  Inc.com
Schoemaker, Paul J.H and Philip E. Tetlock "Superforecasting: How to Upgrade Your Company's Judgment," Harvard Business Review, May 2016, pp 72-78
Schoemaker, Paul J.H., Sohvi Heaton, and David Teece "Innovation, Dynamic Capabilities and Leadership," California Management Review, 2018, Vol. 61(1) pp 15-42.
Paul J.H. Schoemaker and George S. Day, "Preparing Organizations for Greater Turbulence," California Management Review, Summer 2021, Vol 63, Issue 4

References

External links
Official website of Paul Schoemaker

1949 births
Living people
Dutch academics
University of Chicago faculty
University of Notre Dame alumni
Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania alumni
University of Pennsylvania faculty
Dutch expatriates in the United States
People from Deventer


Christmas is really, almost here! I have been so consumed getting my Life for the Holidays & the mall is such a trap! However, this month is dedicated to being a baller on a budget! I have to assure Santa gets the kid's Christmas list lol. So, everything here is once again.. Oldies but goodies! Happy Tuesday!


text:
Habel can refer to:

 an alternate spelling of biblical figure Abel, of the brothers Cain and Abel
 Dorothy Habel, American historian
 Sarah Habel, American actress
 St. Habel of Kaipetta, Indian convert from Hinduism to Christianity
Surnames from given names


Professor Steven Pinker is an experimental psychologist who has done research in visual cognition, psycholinguistics, and social relations.
Steven Pinker grew up in Montreal and earned his BA from McGill and his PhD from Harvard. Currently Johnstone Professor of Psychology at Harvard, he has also taught at Stanford and MIT. He has won numerous prizes for his research, his teaching, and his nine books, including The Language Instinct, How the Mind Works, The Blank Slate, The Better Angels of Our Nature, and The Sense of Style. He is an elected member of the National Academy of Sciences, a two-time Pulitzer Prize finalist, a Humanist of the Year, and one of Foreign Policy's "World's Top 100 Public Intellectuals" and Time's "100 Most Influential People in the World Today". He is Chair of the Usage Panel of the American Heritage Dictionary, and writes frequently for The New York Times, The Guardian, and other publications.
When we quantify human well-being, we find that life has become longer, healthier, richer, safer, more peaceful, and more stimulating. Now our world is starting to become cleaner and greener as well. This progress is a gift of the Enlightenment mindset — problems are solvable, given the right knowledge.


Amaro, T. M. M. M, Thilliez, G. J. A., McLeod, R. A. and Huitema, E. Random mutagenesis screen provides new insights into PcCRN83_152 cell death and virulence function. Submitted. (corresponding author).
Lamour, K., Hu, J., Lefebvre, V., Mudge, J., Howden, A., & Huitema, E. (2014). Illuminating the Phytophthora capsici Genome. In Genomics of Plant-Associated Fungi and Oomycetes: Dicot Pathogens (pp. 121-132). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
Jupe, J., Stam, R., Howden, A. J. M., Morris, J. A., Zhang, R., Hedley, P. E. & Huitema, E. (2013) Phytophthora capsici-tomato interaction features dramatic shifts in gene expression associated with a hemi-biotrophic lifestyle In : Genome Biology (in press).


text:
Re-edits for "Eyes of Stone" and "From the Neighborhood"
Oops! The Goblin's Maw is emptier than I would like, so while I'm rustling up more queries, here's a re-edit of Query #2: Eyes of Stone by Beckahrah and Query #5: From the Neighborhood by Merry Monteleone.
Both writers had expressed interest in getting more feedback, so please let them know what you think!
SECOND VERSION OF "EYES OF STONE" BY BECKAHRAH:
Even living among the last of the gargoyles, Anaiiya has always believed she's human. But the day she awakens covered in blood is the day she realizes she's something else entirely. A terrible darkness lies dormant within her, waiting to be triggered. When a deranged queen attacks her beloved gargoyle tribe, Anaiiya blacks out--and awakens surrounded by dead soldiers with no memory of how it happened.
Now stone crumbles to powder at her touch and blood obeys her every command. The monster she's becoming takes her over one piece at a time, slowly filling Anaiiya with an ever-increasing lust for violence. Each day she struggles to use her newfound powers only to defend her tribe.
Instead, Anaiiya's attempts to protect her family draw the attention of far more dangerous creatures. Now immortal beings of dark magic war for control of Anaiiya's powers, and the last gargoyle tribe is in greater danger than ever. Anaiiya can save them--but only if the darkness within her doesn't destroy them first.
GOBLIN RE-EDIT:
Even living among the last of the gargoyles, Anaiiya has always believed she's human, but when a deranged queen attacks her beloved tribe, Anaiiya blacks out--and awakens surrounded by dead soldiers. A terrible darkness has lain dormant within her, waiting to be triggered.
Now stone crumbles to powder at her touch and blood obeys her every command. The monster she's becoming takes her over slowly, filling Anaiiya with an ever-increasing lust for violence. Each day she struggles to only use her newfound powers to defend her tribe.
Instead, Anaiiya's attempts to protect her family draw the attention of far more dangerous creatures. Immortal beings of dark magic war for control of Anaiiya's powers, and the last gargoyle tribe is in greater danger than ever. Anaiiya can save them--but only if the darkness within her doesn't destroy them first.
SECOND VERSION OF "FROM THE NEIGHBORHOOD" BY MERRY MONTELEONE:
When Jack Poverelli's uncle bails him out of jail, packs his mom off to rehab, and whisks Jack out of the neighborhood, it should have been a good thing. What sixteen year old wants to wake up in the middle of the night and make sure his mom's still breathing? But Jack doesn't belong in the gleaming halls of his new high school where everyone judges him for what he looks like, and he doesn't trust his uncle. Why would he show up now, after all these years? And why is he so interested in their house and finances?
Jack would give up clean sheets and full meals to be back with the friends who've looked out for him his whole life. Everything is pushing him into this new place--better classes, a job, a girl whose way out of his league but doesn't seem to notice. Even Jack's oldest friends are telling him to move on, that he should be trying to get out of the neighborhood, not stay in it. When his mother relapses, Jack and his friends step between her and a neighborhood drug dealer, setting off a chain of events that put them all in the crosshairs of both the dealer's cronies and the police.
GOBLIN RE-EDIT OF "FROM THE NEIGHBORHOOD" BY MERRY MONTELEONE:
In the gleaming halls of Jack Poverelli's new high school, his only friends are the kids who like the notoriety of hanging with a sixteen-year-old fresh out of jail.
They aren't friends who would help him scrounge for food if his mom was high, or back him up in a fight against one of her dealers, and because of that, Jack just wants to go home. Even if it means being poor; even if it means not finishing school.
Everything is pulling him into this new life--better classes, a job, a girl who is out of his league but doesn't seem to mind--even his old buddies are telling him to move on. Jack can't so much as yearn for a better life without feeling conflicted, because what is he longing for if not the tidy existence his uncle just gave him?
When his mom's relapse yanks Jack back to the old neighborhood and into a confrontation with a gang, he learns not only how far his old friends will go to defend one of their own, but how much he's willing to give up to have friends like that.
Posted by jjdebenedictis at 9:35 AM