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Spring Time for Sharia in Araby
By Andrew G. Bostom 12:00 AM on September 17, 2012
The release of Spring Fever: The Illusion of Islamic Democracy, PJM columnist and former federal prosecutor Andrew C. McCarthy's brilliant, evocatively written jeremiad, could not be more timely.
As Americans solemnly commemorated the 11th anniversary of the cataclysmic acts of jihad terrorism on September 11, 2001, jihadists in Egypt and Libya were besieging our government buildings in these Muslim countries, eventually murdering U.S. Ambassador to Libya Christopher Stevens and three other U.S. officials.
By Friday, September 14, 2012, violent masses of Muslims were rioting in Israel, Gaza, Libya, Egypt, Yemen, Sudan, Tunisia, Morocco, Iraq, Iran, Kashmir, and beyond, using a very questionable American film, which purportedly insulted Islam's prophet Muhammad, as an alleged pretext.
McCarthy's remarkably compendious analyses make plain that these dangerous phenomena illustrate, graphically, the corrosive impact of the delusive misconceptions about Islam promoted by U.S. policymakers. This profound bipartisan U.S. failure of imagination — and resultant failed policies — abetted the Orwellian-named "Arab Spring" uprisings for "democracy," in reality a mass, popular Muslim movement rooted in Islam's timeless jihad imperative to impose its totalitarian quintessence, the Sharia, or "Islamic law."
Marshalling his full armamentarium of prosecutorial skills, McCarthy makes his arguments with meticulous documentation, thoughtfulness, and trenchant wit. What follows are five of the most salient points McCarthy establishes, irrefragably, for the edification of all readers of this indispensable primer — policymakers, media pundits of various ilks, and, most importantly, concerned U.S. citizens.
(I) Hurriyya Versus Freedom: There is a yawning gap between Western and Islamic conceptions of freedom — the latter being "hurriyya" in Arabic. Hurriyya is, as Ibn Arabi (d. 1240), the lionized "Greatest Sufi Master," expressed it, "perfect slavery." And this conception is not merely confined to the Sufis' perhaps metaphorical understanding of the relationship between Allah the "master" and his human "slaves." Following Islamic law slavishly throughout one's life was paramount to hurriyya "freedom." This earlier, more concrete characterization of hurriyya's metaphysical meaning, whose essence Ibn Arabi reiterated, was pronounced by the Sufi scholar al-Qushayri (d. 1072/74).
Let it be known to you that the real meaning of freedom lies in the perfection of slavery. If the slavery of a human being in relation to God is a true one, his freedom is relieved from the yoke of changes. Anyone who imagines that it may be granted to a human being to give up his slavery for a moment and disregard the commands and prohibitions of the religious law while possessing discretion and responsibility, has divested himself of Islam. God said to his Prophet: "Worship until certainty comes to you." (Koran 15:99). As agreed upon by the [Koranic] commentators, "certainty" here means the end (of life).
Eminent Islamic scholar Bernard Lewis, in his Encyclopedia of Islam analysis of hurriyya, discusses this concept in the latter phases of the Ottoman Empire through the contemporary era. After highlighting a few "cautious" or "conservative" (Lewis's characterization) reformers and their writings, Lewis maintains:
[T]here is still no idea that the subjects have any right to share in the formation or conduct of government — to political freedom, or citizenship, in the sense which underlies the development of political thought in the West. While conservative reformers talked of freedom under law, and some Muslim rulers even experimented with councils and assemblies government was in fact becoming more and not less arbitrary[.]
Lewis also makes the important point that Western colonialism ameliorated this chronic situation:
During the period of British and French domination, individual freedom was never much of an issue. Though often limited and sometimes suspended, it was on the whole more extensive and better protected than either before or after.
And Lewis concludes his entry by observing that Islamic societies forsook even their inchoate democratic experiments:
In the final revulsion against the West, Western democracy too was rejected as a fraud and a delusion, of no value to Muslims.
Elsewhere, writing contemporaneously on democratic institutions in the Islamic Middle East, Lewis conceded that at least "equality and fraternity" between Muslims were accepted. But even here Lewis included a major caveat with regard to "liberty," whose Islamic formulation might never resemble John Stuart Mill's conception in "On Liberty." Lewis featured a reference to Alice in Wonderland, making plain his assessment of the likely superficial (at best) outcome of Muslim democratization efforts:
…perhaps it may be possible to extend them beyond it [the Muslim community] adding a redefined liberty to make a new kind of democracy. Only "the question is" as Alice remarked, "whether you can make words mean so many different things."
Bernard Lewis's bizarre contemporary volte-face on the merits of experiments in "Islamic democracy" (i.e., Lewis became a far more dogmatic evangelist for so-called "Islamic democratization," despite such failures!) notwithstanding, as McCarthy correctly notes:
It has been no different in modern times: It was Mubarak's military regime in Egypt that outlawed practices like female genital mutilation; it was Musharaff's military regime in Pakistan that outlawed such sharia cruelties as forced marriage and stoning.
(II) Islam as a Totalitarian Theo-Political Ideology: McCarthy explains that Islam's "innate resistance to real democracy" is epitomized by the installation of sharia — "Allah's law" — because Islamic culture "is premised not on individual liberty but on the solidarity of the ummah [global Muslim community], to which the individual is expected to subordinate himself." Again, as McCarthy observes (and cites), the doyen of contemporary Islamic studies, whose advice is sought by policymakers across the political spectrum, Bernard Lewis, first described Islam as a totalitarian ideological system six decades ago (in 1954), predicated upon Islam's "Holy Law," sharia:
I turn now … to those [factors] deriving from the very nature of Islamic society, tradition, and thought. The first of these is the authoritarianism, perhaps we may even say the totalitarianism, of the Islamic political tradition…. Many attempts have been made to show that Islam and democracy are identical – attempts usually based on a misunderstanding of Islam or democracy or both. This sort of argument expresses a need of the up-rooted Muslim intellectual who is no longer satisfied with or capable of understanding traditional Islamic values, and who tries to justify, or rather, re-state, his inherited faith in terms of the fashionable ideology of the day. It is an example of the romantic and apologetic presentation of Islam that is a recognized phase in the reaction of Muslim thought to the impact of the West…. In point of fact, except for the early caliphate, when the anarchic individualism of tribal Arabia was still effective, the political history of Islam is one of almost unrelieved autocracy… [I]t was authoritarian, often arbitrary, sometimes tyrannical. There are no parliaments or representative assemblies of any kind, no councils or communes, no chambers of nobility or estates, no municipalities in the history of Islam; nothing but the sovereign power, to which the subject owed complete and unwavering obedience as a religious duty imposed by the Holy Law.
Decrying the willful blindness of Western policymaking elites who deny Islam's intrinsic supremacist totalitarianism, while spraying charges of "Islamophobia" at those analysts who dare render such appropriate characterizations, McCarthy writes,
The blunt fact is that mainstream, Middle Eastern Islam is totalitarianism packaged as "religion" — therefore, the guidelines for religions that pose no threat to free societies cannot be applied to Middle Eastern Islam (the Islam to which [Turkish Prime Minister] Erdogan subscribes) without putting liberty in grave jeopardy. I hasten to add that it is no insult to call sharia a "dictatorial" and "totalitarian" system. Devout Muslims believe Allah, omnipotent and omniscient, has ordained sharia as the template for virtuous human life – every detail of that life.
(III) Sharia Without Camouflage…and Its Muslim Contents: McCarthy bluntly acknowledges Sharia's ugly, living essence — founded upon Islam's canonical texts (the Koran, and traditions of Islam's prophet, or "hadith") and classical jurisprudence — as a dehumanizing liberty-crushing system: open-ended jihadism to subjugate the world to a totalitarian Islamic order; rejection of bedrock Western liberties — including freedom of conscience and speech — enforced by imprisonment, beating, or death; discriminatory relegation of non-Muslims to outcast, vulnerable pariahs, and even Muslim women to subservient chattel; and barbaric punishments which violate human dignity, such as amputation for theft, stoning for adultery, and lashing for alcohol consumption. Furthermore, McCarthy adduces recent (i.e., May 17, 2011) Pew Global Attitudes polling data from major non-Arab as well as Arab Muslim societies
…illustrating the strong desire for sharia governance among…78 percent of Pakistanis, 70 percent of Jordanians, and 62 percent of Egyptians [who] told pollsters that "laws should strictly follow the teachings of the Koran." To put a finer point on it, the dichotomy in the Middle East is not sharia versus secular democracy; it is exclusive, fully implemented sharia versus the predominance of sharia "principles" – i.e., systems which combine sharia with other law sources (e.g., variations on the Napoleonic Code), making clear that sharia prevails in the event of conflict. In Egypt for example, while 62 percent want strict sharia, 27 percent would prefer a legal system which, while not strict sharia, "follow[s] the values and principles of Islam." Only 5 percent of respondents said, "laws should not be influenced by the teachings of the Koran." Even in Turkey, where a decade of Erdogan has gradually dismantled an 80-year secularization effort, only 34 percent eschew Islamic law…
Consistent with these hard data, the new regimes in Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya — all of whom have extended the influence of sharia via Muslim Brotherhood and/or other Islamic totalitarian political parties — simply reflect the triumph of "democratically expressed," vox populi Muslim attitudes.
(IV) Neo-Ottoman Turkey: I maintain that Turkey has proven itself incapable of steering a truly liberty-promoting course between the Scylla of autocratic secular Kemalist ultra-nationalism (based upon the racist theories of Turco-centric supremacism, such as the Türk Tarih Tezi [Turkish Historical Thesis], and Güneş Dil Teorisi [the Sun Theory of Language] promoted by the Turkish Republic's founder Kemal Ataturk, and still taught), and the Charybdis of a totalitarian, politicized Islam. Regarding the latter, the renowned scholar of Ottoman and Republican Turkey, Uriel Heyd, observed with remarkable insight and prescience, just before his sudden passing in 1968, that Turkey's aggressive re-Islamization was already underway within a decade of Ataturk's 1938 death. Commenting on the May 2007 demonstrations in Turkey sparked by Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan's temporary failure to install his Islamic supremacist AKP party ally Abdullah Gul as president, Ayaan Hirsi Ali elucidated Turkey's then still "unresolved" predicament:
…true secularism does not mean just any secularism. It means secularism that protects individual freedoms and rights, not the ultra-nationalist kind that breeds an environment in which Adolf Hitler's "Mein Kampf" is a bestseller, the Armenian genocide is denied and minorities are persecuted. Hrant Dink, the Armenian editor, was murdered by such a nationalist. It is this mix of virulent nationalism and predatory Islam in Turkey that makes the challenge for Turkish secular liberals greater than for any other liberal movement today
Spring Fever demonstrates convincingly that Erdogan, (now President) Gul, and the AKP Party — with mass, popular Turkish Muslim support — have outmaneuvered their secular rivals (notably in the Turkish military), and are presiding over Turkey's complete, sharia-based Islamization. McCarthy elucidates succinctly the key details — shrewd and sinister machinations, such as longstanding alliances with the Muslim Brotherhood, as well as formal jihad terror organizations [i.e., Hamas, openly and defiantly, but even al Qaeda-affiliated individuals] and state sponsors, including Iran — which have allowed Erdogan and his AKP to successfully implement their ugly, if indigenously authentic and acceptable "vision" for Turkey. This patient, relentless program has engendered a Neo-Ottoman Turkey, imbued with an aggressive nostalgia for the Ottoman Caliphate era's half-millennium of triumphant jihad, and rife with its traditional Islamic Jew (and broader non-Muslim infidel) hatred and contempt for Western freedoms.
(V) Egypt's Muslim Brotherhood (Ikhwan)—Hard-Won Local Triumph, Global Aspirations: February 18, 2011 marked the triumphal return to Cairo of Muslim Brotherhood (Ikhwan) "Spiritual Guide" Yusuf al-Qaradawi. Qaradawi's own words, accompanied by images and actions during this appearance, re-affirmed his obscurantist, albeit mainstream Islamic Weltanschauung of Sharia-based, aggressive jihadism, and its corollary — virulent Jew and other infidel hatred, which should have shattered the delusive view that the turmoil leading to President Mubarak's resignation augured the emergence of a modern, democratic Egyptian society devoted to Western conceptions of individual liberty and equality before the law.
His Tahrir Square appearance foreshadowed events that have transpired, predictably, during the subsequent nineteen months, till now, punctuated by the open ascendancy of the Muslim Brotherhood's ideology and party affiliates, within Egypt, and across North Africa and the entire Middle East. Indeed, Qaradawi's February 18, 2011, "khutbah," or sermon, to the adoring Muslim throngs that day reflected the longstanding aspirations of "martyred" Brotherhood founder Hasan al-Banna, and was symbolic of an Islamic revival begun earlier by the so-called "Al-Manar modernists" — Jamal Al-Din Afghani, Muhammad Abduh, and Muhammad Rashid Rida — more than a century before Qaradawi took the stage at Tahrir Square.
Charles Wendell introduced his elegant 1978 translation of five Al-Banna treatises with a particularly astute summary assessment of the Muslim Brotherhood founder's Weltanschauung. Wendell stressed not only Al-Banna's seamless connection to the Al-Manar modernists, but to traditional Islam itself. Moreover, Wendell's concluding observations remain critical to understanding the deep Islamic religious animus towards Israel and the West — so much in evidence today — that Al-Banna and his movement both inspired and reflected.
Hasan al-Banna's fundamental conviction that Islam does not accept, or even tolerate, a separation of "church" and state, or of either from society, is as thoroughly Islamic as it can be. Any attempt to translate his movement into terms reducible to social, political, or religious factors exclusively simply misses the boat. The "totality" created by the Prophet Muhammad in the Medinese state, the first Islamic state, was Hasan's unwavering ideal, and the ideal of all Muslim thinkers before him, including the idle dreamers in the mosque. His ideology then, before it was Egyptian or Arab or whatever, was Islamic to the core. Since it embraced all aspects of human life and thought, it was at least as much religious as anything else. Practically all of his arguments are shored up by frequent quotations from the Qur'an and the Traditions, quite in the style of his medieval forbears. If one considers the public to whom his writings were addressed, it becomes instantly apparent that such arguments must still be the most compelling for the vast bulk of the Muslim populations of today. The nagging feeling that Islam must, and very quickly at that, catch up with the West, had even by his time filtered down from above to the masses after having been the watchword of the modernizing intellectual for almost a century. There was also the notion that all these Western sciences and techniques were originally adopted from Islamic culture, and were therefore merely "coming home"—a piece of self-conscious back-patting that was already a cliché of most Muslim political writing… To this [Islamic] revivalist mentality, nothing could be more hateful than further diminution of the lands traditionally dominated by Islam. I believe that much of the fury and unconcealed hatred of the Zionist state which is expressed by the majority of Arabs will become more comprehensible in light of what the Islamic domain as a concept really means to the Muslims, seen through the lens of Hasan's exposition…[T]he Muslim Brotherhood…had, on the basis of indisputable historical facts and clear religious traditions, a ready-made program for a world crusade that required only actors and a leader. Islam had from the beginning been a proselytizing faith. The error of the Islamic peoples, as Al-Afghani had pointed out forty years before, had been to cease their inexorable forward march, to abnegate their God-ordained destiny…
The Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood's popular appeal and resultant political ascendancy were evident already at the close of the 1940s. As noted by Richard P. Mitchell, pre-eminent historian of the movement's late 1920s advent and first quarter century of activities
…by 1948-49, this movement had reached such massive political proportions as to undermine the claim of the rulers to speak for the Egyptian people. The government's decision to crush the movement in 1949 was presumably taken because of the organization's potential threat to the existing political order.
Resilient tenacity and broad, ongoing appeal to Egypt's Muslim masses enabled the Brotherhood to survive subsequent brutal crackdowns under Egyptian autocrats Nasser, Sadat, and Mubarak. Spring Fever chronicles how the Brotherhood's current savvy, battle-hardened leadership rapidly capitalized on the Arab Spring "democracy" fervor to finally assume governmental power with the imprimatur of parliamentary and then presidential electoral victories.
During a presidential campaign speech broadcast on May 13, 2012, on the Egyptian television station Misr 25, Morsi revealed, unabashedly, his traditionalist Islamic Weltanschauung. Extolling the Sharia supremacist ideology championed by Hasan al-Banna, whom Morsi invoked, he proclaimed,
[in the 1920's, the Egyptians] said: "The constitution is our Koran." They wanted to show that the constitution is a great thing. But Imam [Hassan] Al-Banna, Allah's mercy upon him, said to them: "No, the Koran is our constitution." The Koran was and will continue to be our constitution. The Koran will continue to be our constitution.
His adoring crowd then segued immediately into a responsive exercise with Morsi, each repeating the individual statements that comprise the Muslim Brotherhood credo:
Crowds: The Koran is our constitution.
Mohamed Morsi: The Prophet Muhammad is our leader.
Crowds: The Prophet Muhammad is our leader.
Mohamed Morsi: Jihad is our path.
Crowds: Jihad is our path.
Mohamed Morsi: And death for the sake of Allah is our most lofty aspiration.
Crowds: And death for the sake of Allah is our most lofty aspiration.
Mohamed Morsi: Above all – Allah is our goal.
Morsi concluded this part of his speech by making clear that he would work aggressively to implement the sharia, as president:
The shari'a, then the shari'a, and finally, the shari'a. This nation will enjoy blessing and revival only through the Islamic shari'a. I take an oath before Allah and before you all that regardless of the actual text [of the constitution]… Allah willing, the text will truly reflect [the shari'a], as will be agreed upon by the Egyptian people, by the Islamic scholars, and by legal and constitutional experts…Rejoice and rest assured that this people will not accept a text that does not reflect the true meaning of the Islamic shari'a as a text to be implemented and as a platform. The people will not agree to anything else.
And as Andrew McCarthy concludes, appositely, in his updated Preface to Spring Fever,
Well, that didn't take very long. On August 12, 2012, six weeks after being elected president of Egypt, Muslim Brotherhood leader Mohamed Morsi forced the resignations of the generals atop the ruling military junta. Effectively, his election has converted Egypt from a military dictatorship to a sharia dictatorship. As this book argues, that is the end to which "Islamic democracy" leads.
Leftist critiques of Spring Fever will likely invoke its "partisan" failure to describe Republican flirtations with the Ikhwan that began 60 years ago, conveniently ignoring McCarthy's rebuke, more importantly, of contemporary bipartisan Muslim Brotherhood outreach, and frank accommodation. Regardless, whatever mistakes were committed during our 1950s era engagement with the Muslim Brotherhood (for example, the Eisenhower administration bringing Muslim Brotherhood ideologue Said Ramadan to a 1953 "Colloquium on Islamic Culture"), the whole policy then really does seem to have been premised on the "Islam as a bulwark against Communism" geo-strategy. Indeed this was suggested to the U.S. by Hasan Al-Banna himself during Al-Banna's fascinating August, 1947 interview in Cairo by a very informed and appropriately skeptical US diplomat, Philip W. Ireland. Moreover, in my forthcoming book, Sharia Versus Freedom, I allude to the views sharply questioning the validity of this approach and highlighting its dangers, as expressed by the British diplomat Sir John Troutbeck and the great Orientalist Gustave von Grunebaum. By comparison, our reckless engagement with the Muslim Brotherhood at present has intensified unacceptably under President Obama, far transcending any misguided, inchoate overtures initiated during the second G.W. Bush administration.
McCarthy argues cogently in Spring Fever that as avatars of "Messianic" totalitarian democracy (in political theorist Jacob Talmon's parlance), the Obama administration now sees the Brotherhood as not only legitimate rulers of Egypt (i.e., a mere tacit acceptance of sad reality), but as long-term "diplomatic partners" of the US. Just this past May, 2009, the then-ambassador to Egypt, Margaret Scobey, acknowledged that subsequently deposed Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak deplored the religious fanaticism of the Muslim Brotherhood and had, along with his wife, supported advances in human rights which did not adversely affect political stability. Scobey, and her appropriate views regarding Mubarak's regime, obviously stopped holding any sway within the Obama State Department by 2011, when she was replaced by Anne Patterson.
Andrew McCarthy's pellucid, invaluable primer, in the end, updates the conundrum — with all its attendant dangers, resulting from current U.S. policies, marinated in denial — articulated two decades ago (in 1991) by respected anthropologist Ernest Gellner:
I think it is fair to say that no secularization has taken place in the world of Islam: that the hold of Islam over its believers is as strong, and in some ways stronger, now than it was 100 years ago. Somehow or other Islam is secularization-resistant, and the striking thing is that this remains true under a whole range of political regimes. It is true under socially radical regimes which try to fuse Islam with socialist terminology and ideas; it is equally true under traditionalist regimes whose elites belong to the world of Ibn Khaldun and come from a ruling tribal network; and it is true of the regimes in between.
For media inquiries, please contact [email protected]
Andrew Bostom is the author of The Legacy of Jihad: Islamic Holy War and the Fate of Non-Muslims (2005/2008) and The Legacy of Islamic Antisemitism: From Sacred Texts to Solemn History (2008).
Read more by Andrew G. Bostom


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EFCC grills ex-Army chief Minimah over arms deals:$1.89b
By Temitayo Tobi | June 21, 2017
Gen. defends $1.89b spent on equipment
Lawyers decry Senate's plot against Magu
FOR hours yesterday, detectives grilled former Chief of Army Staff Lt.-Gen. Kenneth Tobiah Jacob Minimah over a multi-billion naira arms procurement during his tenure.
The Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) is probing the over $1,891,809,299.1 deal because, according to sources, it did not follow the public procurement law.
Former Minister of Aviation Senator Stella Oduah is expected to appear before the commission today to answer to petitions against her.
But there were indications last night that the Senate may pass a resolution banning suspects from appearing before EFCC until its Acting Chairman, Mr. Ibrahim Magu, steps aside.
Legal experts contacted by The Nation, however, dismissed the Senate's move, saying resolutions do not have force of law.
To embark on the move, they said, would be an exercise in futility.
According to them, "resolutions are not laws; they are mere advice".
They added that an agency could not be stopped from doing its job because of the fear of some people.
"What they (senators) are planning to do is unconstitutional. It has no backing in law. They should concentrate on law making and not embark on a witch-hunt,"the lawyers said.
The Senate rejected Magu's nomination twice based on security reports by the Department of State Service (DSS).
It was learnt that the plot to stop high-profile suspects from reporting to EFCC was hatched before the Senate went on recess last Thursday.
Minimah, it was learnt, was asked questions on the procedure for such contracts in the army.
READ MORE>>> Tension As Nigerian Army Storm Niger Delta For Operation Crocodile Smile I
It was discovered that a company, which was registered on November 17, 2014, got a $125,179,299.10million contract on the same day.
Besides Minimah, 53 others, including another former Chief of Army Staff, 16 other retired and serving Army officers, 12 serving and retired public officers and 24 Chief Executive Officers of companies involved in the deal would also be quizzed.
Minimah was Chief of Army Staff between January 16, 2014 and July 13, 2015.
Clad in blue jeans and short sleeve shirt, Minimah looked calm and warm after the session at about 4.55pm.
A top source in EFCC said: "The ex-Chief of Army Staff met with our team and responded to some of the issues isolated for him. It is too early to give the details of our interaction with him because we are working on the report of a panel which investigated arms deal in the Armed Forces. When we get to a convenient bend, we will release the details. We need to interact with companies and some people who were recommended for probe too."
Oduah, a source said, was invited over some petitions bordering on the purchase of two armoured BMW vehicles at N255million by the Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority during her tenure as aviation minister in 2013 and the N9billion contract for the remodelling of some airports.
"She has a lot of allegations outstanding in the past few years. She had filed a fundamental rights enforcement suit, asking the court to prohibit the Attorney-General of the Federation's office, the EFCC, and the police from "inviting, arresting, investigating or prosecuting" her.
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"She lost the case on October 6, 2016. But we tarried a while because she was bereaved. Now, it is time to interact with her. Our team will meet with the ex-minister on Wednesday( today)."
Last night, there were strong indications that the Senate might pass a resolution directing Nigerians to shun EFCC's invitation until Magu vacates office.
It was learnt that Senators are angry that the Executive was relying on Section 181 of the 1999 Constitution to keep Magu in office.
It was also gathered that the Senate may have adopted their strategy following moves by EFCC to investigate some of its members.
A source said: "Upon resumption from recess, the Senate may pass a resolution directing Nigerians, especially high-profile suspects, not to honour EFCC's invitation until Magu is removed.
"The plot leaked from intelligence findings from a meeting of some Senators who were angry that the leadership had been too tolerant of the Executive on Magu's case.
"The plan by the EFCC to investigate the Chairman of the Code of Conduct Tribunal, Justice Danladi Umar after the acquittal of the Senate President, Dr. Bukola Saraki has further buoyed the plot of the upper chamber to stop Magu from being in office.
"Some Senators are worried that the EFCC might move against them bordering on the ongoing probe of London-Paris Club refunds. Some aides of a few Senators have been interrogated by the EFCC.
"If they go ahead with the boycott plan, it may scuttle the anti-corruption war in the country."
Another source said: "Of course, the lawmakers are not happy about Magu. In fact, some of them are angry that despite his rejection twice, the Federal Government is still keeping him. This is not acceptable and the lawmakers are going to take a drastic decision when they resume from recess.
READ MORE>>> Patience Jonathan Files N2 Billion Suit Against EFCC For Violation Of Her Human Right (Details)
" One of the options is to pass a resolution, asking invited persons on corruption allegations not to honour the invitation until Magu is removed".
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Best of Britain's Beauty: The Top 5 National Parks
Things to do | Posted 03 Jun 2016
Sometimes known as 'Britain's breathing spaces', the UK's National Parks offer the chance to explore some of the more scenic parts of the country. From admiring the incredible views and discovering the historical and cultural background to taking part in fun activities and sampling the local fare, a visit to a UK national park promises to be something everyone can enjoy.
Read on to learn about our five favourite parks and what makes them special!
The Lake District is the largest national park in England, and its 2,292 square kilometres take up around 1% of the land in Great Britain. A historically and culturally significant part of the country, many famous figures of Britain have wandered the area – with renowned writers such as William Wordsworth, John Ruskin, and Beatrix Potter all taking influence from the beautiful backdrop.
The park itself is home to a number of unique points. Its vast expanse contains England's highest mountain in Scafell Pike, its deepest lake in Wastwater, and its wettest inhabited place in Seathwaite. Exploring the area also lets you see ancient stone circles and Roman roads, while you can also try foods distinctive to the District, such as Cumberland sausage and rum butter – if you come at the right time, you might even catch one of the many local festivals, such as the Cumberland County Show.
The newest national park in the country, South Downs attracts around 39 million visitors a year for its scenic views, diverse wildlife, and hidden community treasures. A visit to South Downs offers you the chance to see iconic landscapes such as the chalk cliffs of Seven Sisters and Beachy Head or the ancient yew trees of Kingley Vale, and you can see these and much more of the park's beauty by walking the 100 mile-long South Downs Way.
When you aren't exploring the magical terrain you can discover the secrets of years gone by, including artefacts all the way from the Bronze Age to World War II and old buildings that are still being used today. There's plenty of fun to be had in the open space with cycling trails, picnic spots, and a number of local markets giving you a real taste of the South Down, while you may also want to keep an eye out for the Chilli Fiesta this summer!
Jurys Inn Brighton is a short 20 minute drive from the South Downs National Park, making it the perfect base for exploring the local area.
Dartmoor National Park
Dartmoor National Park promises visitors plenty of fun, adventure, and discovery with its lively landscapes and varied inhabitants. The park's beauty is legendary, often popping up in famous literature such as Arthur Conan Doyle's 'Sherlock Holmes' and J. K. Rowling's 'Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire'. Dartmoor also functions as a rich tapestry of England's heritage, with the biggest concentration of ruins dating back to the Bronze Age anywhere in England, as well as a number of burial cairns, castles, and the longest standing stone row in the world in Upper Erme.
There's also plenty to do on your visit, as Dartmoor offers the opportunity for letterboxing, a form of treasure hunt first started in 1854, or visiting one of the park's farmers markets for the best local produce such as meats, cheeses, and breads. The Ministry of Defence makes use of Dartmoor as a training ground with a live fire range, so be sure to check on the Dartmoor Firing Programme before you visit!
You can find Dartmoor National Park under a half hour drive from our hotel in Exeter.
The biggest national park in Wales, Snowdonia is known for its stunning peaks and valleys as well as its range of historical attractions. The park's namesake and most famous feature, Snowdon, is the highest peak in England and Wales and rumoured to be the site of King Arthur's battle with the king killing giant Rhita Gawr.
Ancient burial cairns and forts offer an insight into more of Wales' history, and if you're visiting, be sure to hop on one of the narrow-gauge trains for an unbeatable view of the park. The Bala Lake Steam Railway takes you on a 9 mile ride along the shore where, according to legend, you might spot a certain local monster called Teggie!
The Cairngorms National Park is the biggest in the UK, covering around 4,528 square kilometres. The park is a hub of nature in Britain, containing almost a quarter of endangered and threatened animals and plants in the country, an ancient Caledonian pine forest and a species of pinewood only found in Scotland and Norway.
Not only a place for flora and fauna, the Cairngorms also holds the remains of thousands of years of human civilisation, with forts and castles from as early as the 10th century and prehistoric burial grounds almost 6,000 years old. On your visit you can cycle across stunning scenic routes, play the best round of golf you can imagine, and even have a go at the UK's first permanent bridge based bungee jump!
Jurys Inn Inverness is just a half hour drive from the Cairngorms, offering an ideal place to explore more of Scotland's beautiful Lochs, Firths, and coastline.
Jurys Inn offer city centre locations across the UK and Ireland, offering perfect starting points to discover a range of national parks, Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, nature reserves, and more.
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mona simpson episodes
[14] Star News Online listed Close as one of the four hundred reasons why they love The Simpsons. Directed by Mike B. Anderson, Ralph Sosa. Related Videos. Al Jean served as showrunner, a position he has held since the thirteenth season.. Army Archerd reported that due to the 100-day Writers Guild of America strike only 22 episodes would be produced instead of the planned … She later made two brief flashback appearances, the first being season two's "Oh Brother, Where Art Thou?" She was voiced by actress Glenn Close, who would go on to reappear as Mona Simpsons in five later episodes. In the episode "Mother Simpson", it was established that Homer believed that his mother was dead, a lie his father, Abe, told him when in reality she was on the run from the law after she sabotaged Mr Burns' biological warfare laboratory. Poor Homer. "Grampa and the Kids" (The Simpsons shorts) 1988-01-10 Amber Simpson: Pamela Hayden: Homer Simpson's deceased "Vegas wife." Here she is once again voiced by Glenn Close, and she really wants to meet up with Homer. She became caught up in the hippie movement after her beliefs were ignited by seeing Joe Namath's long hair during Super Bowl III. Sexual Inadequacy", and in both cases she was voiced by Maggie Roswell. It's a touching moment, especially given that the audience knows already just how important Mona was to Homer and how devastating her loss was. It is also strongly implied that she was unfaithful to Abraham. As she is being transported to jail, Homer attempts to break her free from the prison bus, but the chase ends in what appears to be her death when the bus drives off a cliff and lands in the water, where it explodes and sets off a rock avalanche which buries it. This is a rather unusual Mona appearance, since she doesn't really speak. Episodes: Characters: Mona Simpson: Episode Appearances (1) Season 2 - Oh Brother, Where Art Thou? Homer's mom dies, and as part of her will, she asks him to spread her ashes. I enjoy Mona Simpsons books for the same reason I am lukewarm about this one. It's really quite a touching episode, particularly since it gives Homer more of an opportunity to know his mother and to understand her. But what i dont understand is how she died, she didnt seem to be killed by a knife or anything, did she die from pills or something. This is an episode from very early in the show's run, and while it's an enjoyable one, it has to be said that Mona's appearance here is rather forgettable. Mona dies in the episode "Mona Leaves-a", as Homer struggles to come to terms with her death. Mona Simpson is first mentioned in season one's "There's No Disgrace Like Home", where Homer recalls his mother telling him that he's a "big disappointment". Many of the details of Mona's life are unknown, but various pieces of her story have been revealed. However, her request turns out to be part of her final act of rebellion against the system. Mona Leaves-a. The episode features a return appearance by Glenn Close as Homer's mother Mona Simpson and Lance Armstrong also makes a guest appearance. Mona Penelope Simpson (née Olsen) is a recurring fictional character in the animated television series The Simpsons. I just saw mona leaves-a its a really sad episode actually, i dont get why they killed her off.. Mona Leaves-a "Mona Leaves-a" is the nineteenth episode of Season 19. [17] Richard Keller called it a decent episode, but despised Mona's brief appearance. This episode features a great flashback involving Mona, and it shows Homer and his mother bonding over cooking. Instead, she's a hallucination of Abe's brought on by taking a pill provided by one of the caretakers at the nursing home. A one-stop shop for all things video games. [2], Mona soon after became a political activist and, at one event, Mona and a group of other activists protesting germ research entered Montgomery Burns's laboratory and destroyed all the biological warfare experiments. She is cremated and, according to her will, Homer is supposed to throw her ashes on a mountain, where they disrupt a missile guidance system which would have devastated the Amazon Rainforest, once again plotted by Burns. [15] Close appeared on AOL's list of their favorite 25 Simpsons guest stars. Mona was designed in a way so that she has little bit of Homer in her face, such as … [8] There were several design changes because the directors were trying to make her an attractive older and younger woman, but still be "Simpson-esque". RELATED: The Simpsons: 5 Flashback Episodes That We Love (& 5 That We Don't). [11], Glenn Close has been well-received as the voice of Mona. It's heartwarming and joyful, a true testament to the storytelling power of this show. This Mona Simpson appearance is, without a doubt, the best in the show. [2] For 27 years, Homer presumed that his mother was dead. She returned in the seventh season for her first main appearance in "Mother Simpson" and also had a large role in "My Mother the Carjacker". Several episodes have referenced the age of the Simpson family members, a few have even made tongue-in-cheek jokes. The Lost Father [Simpson, Mona] on Amazon.com. He was accidentally reunited with Mona in "Mother Simpson" after he faked his own death to get a day off from work and Mona visited his supposed gravesite. Perhaps more importantly, she isn't voiced by Glenn Close, who would do so much to bring Mona to life and really give her the warmth and depth she deserved. However, it's still a decent one, particularly since it provides some background on Mona herself and the type of life that she led after she left Abe and Homer. [7] "My Mother the Carjacker" received a Writers Guild of America Award nomination in 2004 in the animation category. [1] In the episode, it is revealed that in the 1960s, Mona was a homemaker who lived with her husband Abraham Simpson and Homer, who at the time was a child. The character also has a speaking appearance in season ten's "D'oh-in in the Wind", this time voiced by Tress MacNeille. Commentary for "Mother Simpson", in, Groening, Matt (2005). Wiggum is grateful to Mona because his asthma was cured by the "antibiotic bomb" her group detonated during their lab infiltration, thereby allowing him to join the police force. Homer, the father, works as a safety inspector at the Springfield Nuclear Power Plant, a position at odds with his careless, buffoonish personality. Sexual Inadequacy". [6], Many of the writers were surprised that an episode about Homer's mother had not previously been produced. More importantly, he also has the opportunity to get some closure with Mona when he sees her in heaven. Though Mona doesn't appear for very long in this episode, it's still a good appearance, since it sheds further light on the relationship that existed between her and Abe. Commentary for "Mother Simpson", in, Outstanding Animated Program (For Programming less than One Hour), "Springfield of Dreams: 16 great 'Simpsons' guest stars", "The Simpsons 20 best guest voices of all time", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mona_Simpson_(The_Simpsons)&oldid=999248491, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 9 January 2021, at 06:11. In the episode "Let's Go Fly a Coot", she is revealed to have met Abe when she was a waitress in a cantina and he broke the sound barrier to impress her. Of course, one of the most important members of that family is none other than Mona Simpson, Abe's wife and Homer's mother. The character is named after writer Richard Appel's ex-wife, the American author (and Steve Jobs' biological sister) Mona Simpson. "Mona Simpson has always written movingly about young characters, from the protagonists of her early stories Lawns and Approximations to Ann in her debut novel Anywhere But Here. https://plus.google.com/collection/QtpEIB ----- This episode will be posted in our Community! Share this character with a friend Explore the Show: Episode Guide Characters Guest Stars Lists & Gags Themes Cast Crew: Learn About Cels: Simpsons Animation Cels What is a … Mona may refer to: Mona Simpson, mother of Homer. Find helpful customer reviews and review ratings for Regular Guy, A at Amazon.com. Commentary for "Mother Simpson", in, Weinstein, Josh (2005). That makes Casebook a return of sorts: narrated by a boy who begins spying on his parents, only to discover more about them, and the family, than he ever thought he would. With Dan Castellaneta, Julie Kavner, Nancy Cartwright, Yeardley Smith. In this episode, Homer ends up encountering some of the men who knew his mother when she was a hippie. An Inception-inspired dream version of her appears in Season 23's "How I Wet Your Mother". Homer Simpson's father; Bart, Lisa, and Maggie Simpson's grandfather. Read honest and unbiased product reviews from our users. It really does seem like he had a childhood marred by his awareness of the discord that clearly existed between his parents. Homer feels guilty about being angry with her and tries to make up only to learn she has died. Brooks. While it is the one where Mona Simpson dies, her passing occurs off-screen, and this seems like a rather odd way to send off one of the show's most compelling and interesting characters. properly[7] and thus they used the original temp track recorded by Hayden. In both episodes she was voiced by Maggie Roswell. [12] In 2008, Entertainment Weekly also named Close one of the 16 best Simpsons guest stars. Robert Canning described it as "clunky and forced and wasn't all that funny" but still gave it a 7/10. At the same time, it's also a rather sad one, since Mona has to once again leave her son behind. The Simpsons 138th Episode Spectacular. Todd, Todd, Why Hast Thou Forsaken Me? At first glance, it might seem strange to see Homer bonding with one of the Flanders kids, that's exactly what happens in this episode. Mother Simpson. Mona Simpson (Homer's Mother) is only an occasional character on The Simpsons, but that doesn't mean that she isn't beloved. Mona Simpson is a serious, immensely gifted American novelist. For more than 29 seasons, Bart and Lisa have remained students at Springfield Elementary, and baby Maggie Simpson hasn't matured enough to dump her pacifier. It was a popular success and adapted as a film by the same name, released in 1999. When she dies, a guilt-ridden Homer attempts to make it up to her by fulfilling … In "D'oh-in' in the Wind", it is revealed that at some point, Mona spent time at a commune with two hippies, Seth and Munchie, after life with Abraham became unbearable. [7] The writers used the episode as an opportunity to solve several puzzles about the show, such as where Lisa's intelligence came from. "[17], "Mother Simpson" is one of Bill Oakley and Josh Weinstein's favorite episodes as they feel it is a perfect combination of real emotion, good jokes and an interesting story[18] and they have expressed regret about not submitting it for the Emmy Award in the Outstanding Animated Program (For Programming less than One Hour) category. She later made two brief flashback appearances, the first being season two's "Oh Brother, Where Art Thou?" It's a sweet and poignant look at what is definitely one of the most important, and enduring, relationships in Homer's life. As the gang escaped, she stayed behind to help a fallen Burns, who in turn, swore to have her thrown in jail for the rest of her life. Character development is always well done and the stories are in depth. Mona's first major appearance was in the seventh season episode "Mother Simpson," which was pitched by Richard Appel, who was desperately trying to think of a story idea and decided that he had to really reach for an idea and decided to do something about Homer's mother, who previously had only been mentioned once. The episode features the death of Homer's mother, Mona Simpson. In this particular episode, the audience finally gets to learn how it is that he met Mona and what led them to engage in their romance. Mona Simpson is first mentioned in season one's "There's No Disgrace Like Home", where Homer recalls his mother telling him that he's a "big disappointment". Mona briefly returned in "How I Wet Your Mother", where she rescues the family in a dream of Homer's, saying that she lives on in his dreams. Overjoyed at their reunion, he brings Mona home to meet his family. Homer is reunited with his mother, Mona, but isn't willing to forgive her for all the times she left him as a child. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on May 11, 2008. and the second being season six's "Grampa vs. [1] In 2007, Entertainment Weekly called Close one of "fourteen guest stars whose standout performances on TV make us wish they'd turn up in a Simpsons Movie 2". One thing that has always made The Simpsons such a great show is its plethora of supporting characters, many of whom are members of the extended Simpsons family. It's notable that Glenn Close doesn't provide the voice of Mona in this episode. How did mona simpson die? In this episode, the audience learns that this fighting had a tremendous influence on Homer. [6] The inspiration for the character comes from Bernardine Dohrn of the Weather Underground, although the writers acknowledge that several people fit her description. For one thing, it is the first time that Glenn Close voices the character and, quite honestly, who doesn't love Glenn Close? This pithy novella by Mona Simpson is a story of what was, what is and what could have been. Mona solves Homer's problem by telling him that the fishing trip never played a role in her leaving. "Mona Leaves-a", a season 19 episode. [6], Glenn Close recorded original material for three other episodes: season 15's "My Mother the Carjacker" and season 19's "Mona Leaves-a". Due to Homer's heartfelt testimony, she is acquitted. How to Draw Mona Simpson from The Simpsons Step by Step Drawing tutorial on How to Draw Mona Simpson from The Simpsons Mona Simpsons is playing a good female role in an animated cartoon movie The Simpsons and here we are going to share how you can easily draw the diagram of Mona … There's something to be said about an animated series that manages to make it to one hundred and thirty-eight episodes, and The Simpsons plays it to the hilt. [6], The character is named after Richard Appel's wife, who is the novelist Mona Simpson. Commentary for "Mother Simpson", in, Oakley, Bill (2005). "Viva Ned Flanders" 1999-01-10 Mona Simpson: Glenn Close, Tress MacNeille, Maggie Roswell It's a surprisingly touching episode, and it shows that beneath his crusty exterior Abe really did have feelings for his wife. Mona was the estranged wife of Abe Simpson and the mother of Homer Simpson. Find helpful customer reviews and review ratings for A Regular Guy at Amazon.com. She later travels to the post office with Homer, where Mr. Burns recognizes her face and tracks her down with FBI assistance. One can't help but wish, though, that the series had made more of an effort to show her and Abe actually loving one another. Homer would later felt guilt, believing that the incident prompted Mona to leave him and his father. It's pretty clear from the moment that it happens that Mona's death has a profound impact on Homer. In "My Mother the Carjacker", Homer discovers a secret message left for him in a newspaper that tells him to go to a location. They have three children: Bart, a ten-year-old troublemaker; Lisa, a precocious intelligent eight-yea… Mona's first major appea… Sexual Inadequacy", and in both cases she was voiced by Maggie Roswell. NEXT: 10 Of The Coolest Vacations The Simpsons Family Ever Took, Ranked, All the latest gaming news, game reviews and trailers. Prior to the seventh season, Mona Simpson had only made two brief flashback appearances, the first being Season 2's "Oh Brother, Where Art Thou? Grandma Simpson S07E08 "Mother Simpson" is the eighth episode of The Simpsons' seventh season. Forced to go on the run again, Mona tells Homer she loves him and escapes to the underground.[2]. RELATED: The 10 Best Simpson's Chalkboard Gags. In truth, she narrowly escaped before the bus went off the cliff, and is still on the run. Mona Simpson. There's something curiously dissatisfying about this episode. However, a tip-off to Homer from Chief Wiggum allows Mona to escape. It's a rather touching episode, since it's one of those moments where it's shown that Abe truly does love Mona and that he wants to be able to reunite with her. He is married to Marge Simpson, a stereotypical American housewife and mother. This episode is another peek inside of Homer's complex surprisingly complex psychology and the sequence of events that led him to where he is today. How I Wet Your Mother. Homer's mother was revealed to be Mona Simpson, who was forced to run away when Homer was a boy, due to being identified as one of the people who destroyed Mr. Burns' Germ Warfare laboratory. She is captured by police and put on trial for the crime she committed. Love Is in the N2-O2-Ar-CO2-Ne-He-CH4. [19] "Mona Leaves-a" received mixed reviews from critics. At first, Mona does not reveal her whereabouts and spends time catching up with her family, but is forced to reveal her past. 3 "Forgive And Regret". and the second being season six's "Grampa vs. Abe lied and said Mona had died while Homer was at the movies, in order to spare him of the trauma that his mother was a wanted criminal. She's a perfect fit, able to convey a loving, motherly tone, while still convincing the audience she's a headstrong hippie activist. 3:15. The nineteenth season of The Simpsons is the first one produced after the movie and contained seven hold-over episodes from season 18's JABF production line. [20], fictional character from The Simpsons franchise, Appel, Richard (2005). Mona first appeared in the second season in a flashback in "Oh Brother, Where Art Thou?". The Lost Father [10] A deleted scene featuring Mona from "Mother Simpson" appears in season seven's "The Simpsons 138th Episode Spectacular" as well as season thirty-one's "Todd, Todd, Why Hast Thou Forsaken Me?". Season: 7 Episode: 8 ----- Follow us! Among all of the other behind-the-scenes moments that this episode provides, it also gives the audience another chance to encounter Mona. Even when he was young, she wasn't afraid to show him that she did so. Let's Go Fly a Coot. There's no doubt that Abe and Mona had a very contentious relationship (it's not hard to see why, considering how abrasive and downright mean Abe can be sometimes). One of the best things about Mona Simpson is that she genuinely seems to love Homer. Though she appeared in a few small appearances in the early seasons of the show, she really came into her own once Glenn Close took over the role. [9] She was directed in her first performance by Josh Weinstein. Homer is reunited with his mother, Mona, but is not willing to forgive her for all the times she left him as a child. The Simpsons are a family who live at 742 Evergreen Terrace in the town of Springfield in the United States. IGN.com ranked Close as the 25th best guest star in the show's history for her first two performances as Mona. Fortunately, Mona reassures him that he wasn't, giving him one of those benedicts of which only she seems truly capable. It's a rather brief moment, but it's always a pleasure to see this amazing character, no matter how long she's on the screen. It's a bit more substantive than the one from the second season, but even so it lacks some of the power and potency that her later appearances in the show would have. There Homer finds Mona, who explains she had to return after she saw a macaroni pencil holder Homer made for her when he was five. The Simpsons [Special]- The Mayors easter egg hunt. This episode is also an early appearance of Mona, and it occurs in the context of Homer and Abe working through some of their feelings and difficulties with one another. More importantly, it also allows Homer to understand that his mother isn't dead and didn't just abandon him but has, instead, loved him from afar all of these years. In The Lost Father, a sequel to Anywhere But Here, I think she goes too far with Mayan's thought process while searching for her father. This episode features a great flashback involving Mona, and it shows Homer and his mother bonding over cooking. [16] Robert Canning of IGN wrote that Close "gave us the sweet voice of Mona Simpson. Close's performances as Mona have been well received by critics and she was named one of the top 25 guest stars on the show by IGN. [8], Glenn Close was convinced to voice the character in "Mother Simpson" partially because of James L. The character is named after writer Richard Appel's wife, whose maiden name is Mona Simpson. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. [1], Mona's first major appearance was in the seventh season episode "Mother Simpson". Agnes Mona Flanders, mother of Ned Flanders. She has written six novels and studied English at the University of California, Berkeley and Languages and Literature at Columbia University. Abe Simpson is one of those characters on this show that's fun to watch, even if he can be incredibly unpleasant. Production. 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[The Simpsons] -Season: 15 -Episode: 2 -Name: My Mother the carjacker The go-to source for comic book and superhero movie fans. The episode was pitched by Richard Appel, who had been desperately trying to think of a story idea and decided to do something about Homer's mother. Taking place in Green Bay, Wisconsin in the '50s, '60s '70s and beyond, the story focuses on Bea Maxwell, who grew up in Green Bay, went away to college and then returned to never leave. It is revealed in this episode that a couple of weeks before she left Homer as a child, Homer and Grampa went on a fishing trip that was unsuccessful as the boat capsized. Mona returns and stands trial for her past crimes of which she's acquitted, until Mr. Burns gets her sent to prison again. At this point, she's still something of a shadowy presence. Mona Simpson (née Jandali; June 14, 1957) is an American novelist. [7] Her crime was intentionally the least violent crime the writers could think of, as she did not harm anyone and was only caught because she came back to help Mr. [7] When Mona gets in the van, her voice is done by Pamela Hayden because Glenn Close could not say "d'oh!" Mona was first mentioned in season one and made two brief flashback appearances, but her first major appearance was in "Mother Simpson". This episode is one of the three best appearances of the Mona Simpson character. She won a Whiting Award for her first novel, Anywhere but Here (1986). [4], Mona returns in "Mona Leaves-a" to try to make up for lost time with Homer, but he angrily refuses, saying that she will just abandon him again. D'oh-in' in the Wind. As the show reveals, she seems to be one of the few people to love Homer for he is, which makes their separation all the more tragic. [13] The Phoenix.com placed Close in the second position on their list of the best 20 Simpsons guest stars. RELATED: The Simpsons: 10 Episodes That Could Have Been The Series Finale (But Weren't). Furthermore, it denies Homer the chance to really say goodbye to her, a blow all the more devastating considering how little time they've been able to spend with one another. In this episode, Homer struggles with a bed-wetting problem, and during the journey into his mind that, on some deep level, he believes that he was the one responsible for his parents' break-up. Commentary for "Mother Simpson", in, Silverman, David (2005). Read honest and unbiased product reviews from our users. Mr. Burns is angered by this and has her imprisoned for the minor charge of signing into a national park under a false name (Anita Bonghit). The character appeared again in Season 19's "Mona Leaves-a", but died during the episode. [3] In the episode "Homer's Paternity Coot", a long lost letter reveals that Mona had an affair with lifeguard Mason Fairbanks, leading Homer to falsely believe that he might, in fact, be his real father. Burns. Home / Series / The Simpsons / Absolute Order / Season 1 / Episode 419 Mona Leaves-a Homerova matka se rozhodne skoncovat s životem uprchlice a aktivistky a vrátí se zpět za rodinou do Springfieldu. One of the best things about Mona Simpson is that she genuinely seems to love Homer. The inspiration for the character is Bernardine Dohrn of the Weather Underground. Even when he was young, she wasn't afraid to show him that she did so. *** WARNING *** SPOILERS AHEAD *** S.19 E.19 "Mona Leaves-a" Mona passes away and in her video will, asks Homer to do one last important task for her. Although disappointed that the last thing his mother asked him to do was "another hippie protest", Homer successfully stops the launch.[5]. ", appearing again in the sixth season episode "Grampa vs. Shrewdly aware of her literary forebears, she addresses big themes and tells powerful stories in engaging, graceful prose. Mona, the Arabic version of … [7], Mona Simpson was drawn in a way so that she has a little bit of Homer in her face, such as the shape of her upper lip and her nose. How not, when she was such an important part of his life. "Mona Leaves-a" is the nineteenth episode of The Simpsons' nineteenth season. Since that night, Mona was forced to leave her family and run off with a jester. She has been voiced by several actresses, including Maggie Roswell, Tress MacNeille, Pamela Hayden, and most prominently, Glenn Close. On this show novella by Mona Simpson wife, whose maiden name is Mona Simpson joyful... Nancy Cartwright, Yeardley Smith original temp track recorded by Hayden rather sad one, since doesn! The discord that clearly existed between his parents ratings for a Regular at. 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Again leave her family and run off with a jester Lost Father [ Simpson, of... Over cooking why they killed her off the four hundred reasons why love... Was dead, Berkeley and Languages and Literature at Columbia University sixth season ``! Asks him to spread her ashes with Dan Castellaneta, Julie Kavner, Nancy Cartwright Yeardley! 1986 ) Maggie Roswell, Tress MacNeille list of the writers were surprised that episode... To meet his family Simpson S07E08 `` mother Simpson ''? `` D'oh-in in the States... On this show get some closure with Mona when he was young, she big! Never played a role in her first two performances as Mona rather sad one since. States on may 11, 2008 most prominently, Glenn Close has been well-received as the voice of.. S07E08 `` mother Simpson '' [ 13 ] the Phoenix.com placed Close the! Close, who is the novelist Mona Simpson appearance is, without a doubt, the American (... ] and thus they used the original temp track recorded by Hayden Mona reassures him that she genuinely to... A stereotypical American housewife and mother, released in 1999 a story of was. Wife, whose maiden name is Mona Simpson, a true testament to post. Would later felt guilt, believing that the incident prompted Mona to escape recurring fictional from... That his mother bonding over cooking also has a speaking appearance in season 19 episode, in,,... A few have even made tongue-in-cheek jokes Matt ( 2005 ) 17 Richard! By seeing Joe Namath 's long hair during Super Bowl III Robert Canning described as! A few have even made tongue-in-cheek jokes Mona solves Homer 's problem by telling him that did.
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mona simpson episodes 2021


Booz Allen: Snowden Targeted Our Firm to Get at NSA Secrets.
Edward Snowden went to work at Booz Allen Hamilton, the federal contractor, because he wanted access to high-level national security secrets, Mike McConnell, a Booz Allen vice chairman and ex-NSA director told The Wall Street Journal.
In McConnell's telling, Snowden began his national security career as a NSA security guard. He then entered the CIA's information-technology section and was sent overseas. He had disciplinary problems, left for the private sector, and was posted in Japan.
He then decided he wanted to rejoin the NSA at the highest level of operations. Snowden broke into the agency's computer system "administratively," gained access to the answers to the admittance exam, then "aced" the test, McConnell told the Journal.
"He walked in and said you should hire me because I scored high on the test," McConnell said.
But Snowden was dissatisfied with the level of the job that the NSA offered him.
"That's when he turned," said McConnell.
He said the "narcissistic" Snowden decided to work for Booz Allen because he wanted higher level security access than would have been available to him at the NSA.
"He targeted my company because we enjoy more access than other companies. Because of the nature of the work we do…he targeted us for that purpose," said McConnell.
Booz Allen hired Snowden in 2013. The government had already vetted him— contractors do not provide security clearances, only the government does that, said McConnell. The company confirmed that his resume was accurate, though in hindsight, McConnell acknowledged, there were gaps in his history.
Snowden worked for the company only three months. He never entered a Booz Allen facility.
"The government invited him into its space for training. That's when he did his download," said McConnell.
Snowden transferred data he wanted to a storage disk, went back to Hawaii, and then left for Hong Kong.
As damaging as Snowden's access turned out to be, he chiefly penetrated only the first two of four information levels. At the first level, though, he gained information to the FISA court order authorizing NSA eavesdropping.
At the second level Snowden was able to access intelligence reports from around the world— though how the information was collected was basically shielded. McConnell said Snowden had very little access to the third tier, and almost none at all to the top level.
With all that, said McConnell, Snowden compromised more intelligence capability than any previous spy.
Director of National Intelligence James Clapper previously described Snowden's disclosures as the "most damaging theft of intelligence information in our history," according to the Journal.
German TV Claims NSA Spied on Merkel's Predecessor Too.
U.S. intelligence spied on former German chancellor Gerhard Schroeder from 2002, NDR television reported Tuesday, adding fuel to the flames of a row over spying on incumbent Angela Merkel.
Schroeder, the Social Democrat chancellor who served from 1998 to 2005, appears on a list of names of people and institutions put under surveillance by the US National Security Agency from 2002, at the start of his second mandate as German head of state.
At the time Germany was opposing intervention in Iraq.
US-German ties soured amid revelations leaked by former CIA contractor Edward Snowden that US intelligence agencies had eavesdropped on Merkel and collected vast amounts of online data and telephone records from average citizens.
The dispute has threatened to derail negotiations on a sweeping transatlantic free trade agreement known as TTIP.
Schroeder said he was unsurprised by the latest spying report.
"At the time the idea would never have occurred to me, but now it doesn't surprise me," he told NDR and the Sueddeutsche Zeitung daily.
US President Barack Obama in a recent interview assured that Merkel was no longer under surveillance.
Secretary of State John Kerry acknowledged Friday that relations with Germany had gone through a "rough period" over the NSA snooping but said that shared interests would help put ties back on track.
Kerry, speaking in Berlin, said then that the United States took Germany's anger over revelations that US intelligence monitored Merkel's mobile phone seriously.
Asked whether the US administration would sign a no-spying agreement that Germany has demanded in the wake of the scandal, Kerry said only that Merkel and Obama were in "consultations" on the issue.
Snowden Requesting Russian Protection After Threats.
Edward Snowden's refugee documents granted by Russia.
Latest: Is Snowden a Hero or Traitor – Vote in Urgent PollKucherena, who has represented Snowden's interests in Russia since he sought refuge last July after leaking classified National Security Agency documents, pointed to reports on Buzzfeed this month that contained threats made by unidentified U.S. officials. Two days ago, Representative Mike Rogers, a Michigan Republican and the House Intelligence Committee chairman, described the 30-year-old American as "a thief" who had possible Russian assistance and has "incredibly harmed" the U.S. military.
Snowden received a year's sanctuary in Russia in August after a month-long confinement in Moscow's Sheremetyevo Airport. After months of debate instigated by Snowden's leaks, President Barack Obama responded Jan. 17 by endorsing action to ensure American citizens and allies that their privacy is protected while committing to few specifics.
Rogers, the U.S. lawmaker, has offered the only public characterization of a classified Defense Department report on Snowden, saying it concluded that he downloaded about 1.7 million intelligence files while working for the McLean, Virginia-based Booz Allen Hamilton Holding Corp.
Dianne Feinstein, who leads the Senate Intelligence Committee, said in a joint appearance with Rogers that Snowden "may well have" had assistance. Representative Michael McCaul, a Texas Republican who's chairman of the House Homeland Security Committee, said the same day on ABC's "This Week" that he thought Snowden had help.


text:
Q: aws command from a shell script on crontab I made a bash script that downloads a file from an amazon s3 bucket and then upload it back with some transformations on it.
It works fine manually but as soon as I put it on the crontab I either have no file that is downloaded or an empty file.
I get this error :
curl: (56) Received HTTP code 407 from proxy after CONNECT

I am using this code for my process :
#!/bin/sh
outputFile="PATH"
amzFile="AMAZON_FILE_PATH"
bucket="BUCKET"
resource="/${bucket}/${amzFile}"
contentType="application/x-gzip"
dateValue=`date -R`
stringToSign="GET\n\n${contentType}\n${dateValue}\n${resource}"
s3Key="S3_KEY"
s3Secret="S3SECRET"
signature=`echo -en ${stringToSign} | openssl sha1 -hmac ${s3Secret} -binary | base64`

curl  -H "Host: ${bucket}.s3.amazonaws.com" \
     -H "Date: ${dateValue}" \
     -H "Content-Type: ${contentType}" \
     -H "Authorization: AWS ${s3Key}:${signature}" \
     https://${bucket}.s3.amazonaws.com/${amzFile} -o $outputFile

Any of you guys has an idea ?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Thief steals Salvation Army donation kettle, poses as volunteer to collect money
Lt. Bryan Farrington with the Salvation Army said they are not sure how, but someone was able to steal one of their kettles(WSFA)
By Ashley Bowerman
Published: Dec. 19, 2020 at 10:47 AM CST
MONTGOMERY, Ala. (WSFA) - The Montgomery Police Department is on the lookout for a real life Grinch after the Salvation Army reported that one of their red donation kettle's has been stolen and is now being used for personal gain.
Lt. Bryan Farrington with the Salvation Army said they are not sure how, but someone was able to steal one of their kettles and stands and was last seen in downtown Montgomery posing as an employee trying to collect money for personal use.
Farrington said when the suspect was confronted, he fled the area on foot.
Police said the subject was last seen on Thursday, and that an arrest has not been made.
Farrington is now asking the community to be sure that when you donate, you are dropping your cash in the right kettle.
"I'm not sure if the plan was taking it different places and using that as a way to get money from the community, but we felt like it was our responsibility to let the community know that if you see somebody out there that doesn't have on a red apron, that's not standing in front of one of the stores - the Walmart's, the Winn-Dixie's, the Belks, the Hobby Lobby's, that doesn't have a stand with a sign on it and the kettle will be chained to it. That's not us," Farrington said.
Every year, the Salvation Army relies on the money they collect from their Red Kettle Campaign to support the community.
"The funds that we raise during this time make up about a third of our operating income, so it's huge," Farrington said.
This year, they started collecting donations even earlier because they knew it would be challenging with the pandemic.
But with fewer volunteers this year, Farrington said so far they have still fallen short on their usual donation goal of $250,000.
"There's a real gap this year," Farrington said.
And because every penny counts, the Salvation Army is asking the community to be sure you are donating to the right cause.
"We are just trying to make do the best we can for this season so that in the upcoming year there is not a shortfall in our service to community," Farrington said.
The Salvation Army says if you see someone on a street corner posing as a Salvation Army volunteer to report it to police immediately.
For more information on how to donate to the Salvation Army's Red Kettle Campaign, click here.
Copyright 2020 WSFA 12 News. All rights reserved.


Previous message (by thread): [Clamav-devel] Release Candidates?
We found an internal issue with only the Windows build of ClamAV containing some debug code in a certain situation, so we had to correct that.
We used to do RCs for ClamAV, but we rarely heard any feedback during the RC, and then we'd get bug reports when we did the actual release.
If we could get a dedicated group of people to commit to testing an RC/Beta, etc, we could start doing it again.


Moving y microbus on now. Resprayed in 2015 new engine in 2016. A 1761 cc from the London VW engine co. It only done 800 miles since. Valves inspected and adjusted at 500 miles. A new clutch has also been fitted. It has had a leisure battery fitted professionally. It passed its MOT in April regardless of the new rules.
Offers in the region of £38000.
Any further questions call me on 07494280442.


text:
See the Bigger Picture: It's Time to Wake Up.
Sometimes, I am so blown away by the vastness of life — our complete and primary source for choosing to incarnate.
Yes, I said choose.
Each and every one of us comes from the body of a woman.
Each of us comes from the ovum of a woman who was born with all of her eggs intact, who in turn came from a mother who was born with all of her eggs intact, and so on and so forth.
And when we think about life in the broad sense like that, imagine all of the things that our bodies actually remember on a cellular level.
Think about the oppression of women throughout the decades and centuries.
Think about all of the judgments and shame and ridicule each woman has experienced in her lifetime.
We have been held down and mistrusted, and at times burnt at the stake, for simply expressing ourselves and working to heal our planet.
We have carried traumas that do not belong to us, but rather to society as a whole.
And each and every one of those traumas gets stored in our bodies and then carried down to the bodies of our offspring.
I speak to both genders here. This isn't just about female bodies, but males too.
You also carry bits of these traumas, and you too are equally responsible for passing these traumas along.
So don't you think its time to wake up? Don't you think it's time to start healing the pain?
To let go of those preconceived notions of what it means to be beautiful, or worthy of love?
You, we, are love parading around in human bodies.
We are here to do more than buy into mass consumerism and status.
We are here to uplift each other and assist Planet Earth in its ascension.
We are here to go on missions as souls, as light-bearers, and anchor in the light.
It is time to let go of the pain-body talk, the shit-talk, the judgment, the stories.
It's time to take ownership for our choices, and it's time to start seeing the pain in each other in order to offer more compassion and understanding on this planet full of people who seem to have forgotten who they truly are.
You, we, are expressions of the Universe.
All of us, regardless of the bodies we are in, carry traumas, and it's time to release them.
Release the perception that there is something better than you, and recognize the unique beauty and expression that you bring into this world.
It is time to let go of the collective fear we all seem to be immersed in, and understand that liberation from those fears is essential to the freedom of all of humanity.
Your soul chose to be here now at this time, listening to this message, because it is ready for you to embrace your divinity — the only truth there is.
Natalie Sophia is a self-proclaimed writer, healer, yogini. Her mission in life is to heal and be healed. She loves to laugh, to feel and to write. She began her journey of awakening a few years ago, and though there are times she longs to go 'back to sleep', she knows she has work to do. Her work and her passion are one and the same, and she hopes to inspire others on their life path to attend to their deepest longings as a soul in a human body. Natalie feels that life is meant to be enjoyed, not endured. She knows that pain can be inevitable, but there is always choice in the story created from that pain. Feel free to check out more from Natalie on her website and Facebook.
Natalie Sophia time
http://www.rebellesociety.com/2017/09/18/nataliesophia-time/


Bharat Book Bureau - Thursday, February 14, 2019.
Bharat Book Bureau Provides the Trending Market Research Report on "Global Enterprise Contract Management Market - Trends Analysis, Product Usability Profiles & Forecasts to 2023" under Media & Technology Category. The report offers a collection of superior market research, market analysis, and competitive intelligence and industry reports.
global Enterprise Contract Management Market to grow from USD 1085.53 million in 2016 to USD 3166.66 million by 2023, at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 16.53%. The year 2016 has been considered as the base year, while the forecast period is up-to 2023.
The major forces driving the growth of the enterprise contract management market include the visibility and compliance to contract repository to ensure business continuity and improve governance and reduced risk. Moreover, improve business velocity with third party collaboration and contract automation and analytics are also some of the factors that are driving the market growth. However certain factors such as the unorganized way to access data may hinder the market growth. In the middle of difficulty lies opportunity such as the cloud based automated and collaborative approach to organize contracts, and reporting and analytics integrated with erp, crm and cpq. The possible challenges for the market growth are decentralized legacy contracts, and implementation complexity. But key players in the market are overcoming the challenges with continual improvement and innovation.
Based on industry, the global enterprise contract management market is studied across aerospace & defense, banking, financial services & insurance, consumer goods & retail, education, energy & utilities, government, healthcare & life sciences, information technology, manufacturing, media & entertainment, telecommunication, transportation & logistics, and travel & hospitality. Based on geography, the global enterprise contract management market is studied across Americas, Europe, Middle East & Africa, and Asia-Pacific.
The report features a competitive scenario of the enterprise contract management market and provides inclusive analysis of key growth strategies adopted by major players. Key products profiled in the study are Agiloft Contract Management, Ariba Contract Management, Basware Contract Lifecycle Management, CobbleStone Contract Management Software, Concord Contract Management, Contractworks Contract Management Software, Coupa Spend Management Platform, Icertis Contract Management Platform, Onit Contract Management, and SAP Contract Lifecycle Management.
The report provides deep insights on demand forecasts, market trends and micro and macro indicators. In addition, this report provides insights on the factors that are driving and restraining the demand of enterprise contract management market. Moreover, the study highlights current market trends and provides forecast. We also have highlighted future trends in the enterprise contract management market that will impact the demand during the forecast period. Moreover, the competitive analysis of enterprise contract management market brings an insight on the product usability profiles of the leading players. Additionally, the analysis highlights features & pricing, informant reviews of the key products in the market.
- Evaluate the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the report and analyze the enterprise contract management market penetration with respect to industries and geographies.
- Evaluate the key vendors in the enterprise contract management market in terms of products satisfaction and business strategy. This helps identify consumer preferences and understand its current position in FPNV Positioning Matrix.
- Evaluates the key vendors and deeply analyze competitive landscape, revenue pockets, market trends, growth prospects, pain points, drivers, restraints, challenges and opportunities of the enterprise contract management market.


SayUncle noticed a blurb from a local TV station that seems to indicate that before backup arrived, the shooter went over to the constable, and upon trying to remove the now dead officer's gun, took 5 or 6 round of handgun fire from a civilian. This seems to have caused him to retreat, and no doubt prevented him from arming himself with another gun.
I think the story has been updated since you linked it, it now says that he did get the officer's gun and it was found in his home.
The shooter did get the Constable's gun. It was found in his room after the altercation, but did not appear to have been fired.
Im guessing either a revolver shooter, or someone with a low cap mag in a pocket pistol.


Tom Sheets created The Stonewall Group in 2007 after more than 26 years active duty as a Marine Corps Infantry Officer and 8 years in the private business sector.
Having served in a wide-range of organizations in the private, public, and non-profit sectors, we understand the challenges organizations face and the battles they must fight—and win!
The Stonewall Group is a network of professional associates with a wide range of experience, insight, and access across many sectors. Members and Associates have a passion for Continuous Performance Improvement and a strong desire to share our experiences and capabilities.
We bring the value of objective external assessments and recommendations to your organization. We focus on the underlying drivers of performance improvement.
Our mission and passion is simple: Helping Organizations Overcome Obstacles and Achieve Their Goals.


So excited to share the DIOR Holiday Collection called "PRECIOUS ROCKS". The pieces are absolutely stunning and take my breath away. Each covered with beautiful Gold and shaped as holiday ornaments these are very elegant and sophisticated.
Fun and sophisticated, cool and opulent, graphic and glitter the mood of the Holiday 2017 collection teams the refinement of precious gems with the rock attitude of the modern Dior woman. Deep Colours prismatic Brilliance and crystalline freshness electrify this season's creation by Peter Philips, Creative and Image Director for Dior Makeup.
Eyes that borrow the kaleidoscopic shades of ruby resonate with strong lips in a captivating red tone reminiscent of garnet. Innovative Dior formulas fuse with the skin for maximum effectiveness under the light to flatter the face and ego alike, day or night. Simply irresistible. Pure Glamour. The faceted stick makes applying lipstick almost magical. The first Dior Khol for the lips, DIORIFIC KHOL holds the promise of ultra-precise application and intense, powdery matte, long-wearing colour. Its secret/ a creamy wax formula, a high dose of pigments for a velvety finish, and the softening effect of a plant based butter. The five precious DIORIFIC Khol shades echo this season's 5 couleurs palette, as Vibrant Tourmaline embraces the tones of the Ruby Palette and Bold Amethyst duels with the Emerald harmony.
Here I'm wearing Matte Fluid 006 GLORY. I really love this formula. This formula can also be worn as a blush.
This collection is perfect for the holidays! Beautiful packaging, love the formula of the nail polishes. Long lasting, very pretty colours and also the brush is rounded and goes on the nails perfectly. The Diorific Khol lipstick is incredible. Very pigmented but also feels very nice on the lips. The formula very comfortable to wear. Not drying and long lasting. The Diorific Matte Fluid is soft and feels smooth on the lips. I love everything! Thank you so much to DIOR for the breathtaking samples! Absolutely beautiful!
Yes! Truly breathtaking right? Perfect Holiday Glamour!


Spreading safe use practice though psychedelic artwork as you rest, relax, recharge. Jessica Legon's outstandingly beautiful Psychedelic: Harm Reduction Colouring Book is both a joy to behold and to play with, and is filled with extensive information about psychedelic substances and safe ways to approach them.
Includes 23 full page illustrations to colour - each inspired by mind-altering substances.
From the introduction: "In addition to being an adult colouring book inspired by mind-altering substances, you are holding a carefully researched compendium of information about psychedelics. If you're a seasoned psychonaut, did your homework thoroughly and have your own safe practice already, you might want to get straight to the colouring. If you are new to psychedelics, however - preparing for a first experience or just curious about the concept - you may find information in the rest of the book of value to you."


text:
The UK's Most Progressive Cities
Story from Living
These Are Apparently The UK's Most Progressive Cities
Nick Levine
Oxford city centre
How do you judge how progressive or supposedly "woke" a city is? Given that we can't read the minds of every single inhabitant, it's probably an impossible task. But a new study has made a valiant effort to identify the UK's most progressive places to live and work by analysing seven factors that could point to a more socially conscious and liberal environment.
The study by Bankrate takes into account a city's search trends, gender pay gap, recycling rates, voter turnout, number of vegan and vegetarian restaurants, number of ultra-low emission vehicles, and council diversity. A score out of five is awarded for each factor, giving each of the 50 cities analysed a score out of 35.
Oxford comes out on top, narrowly ahead of Brighton and Hove and Bath, with London placing fourth. Check out the top ten below, with their respective scores out of 35.
1. Oxford (23.82)
2. Brighton and Hove (23.33)
3. Bath (22.31)
4. London (22.13)
5. Cambridge (21.87)
6. Bristol (21.50)
7. Leeds (21.29)
8. Cardiff (21.28)
9. Exeter (21.21)
10. Leicester (20.53)
As you'll see, many of the top ten are cities with a large student population, which obviously isn't too surprising. Interestingly, Swansea (which places 26th overall) has the least gaping gender pay gap, while St Albans (18th overall) has the highest recycling rates.
Meanwhile, Brighton and Hove has highest number of vegan and vegetarian restaurants relative to its population. Wolverhampton (28th overall) has the greatest council diversity, and Winchester (24th overall) has the greatest voter turnout.
London doesn't place in the top ten in any individual category, but still manages to finish seventh overall thanks to reasonable scores across the board. Glasgow - named the best city for millennials in a previous study - places a surprisingly low 38th out of 50.
UK's Most Woke & Progressive Cities Revealed
Living • Work & Money
written by Nick Levine
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