2018 January CEO Report: 157 CEO Exits in January, Highest Monthly Total on Record | Challenger, Gray & Christmas, Inc.
"Meanwhile, concurrently, the strong economy over the last nearly two years has led to a number of new start-ups, which are now turning to more seasoned leaders, adding to high turnover numbers in the CEO spot," he added.
Challenger tracks CEO changes at companies that have been in business for at least two years, with a minimum of ten employees.
"We're also seeing a number of companies in Retail, Finance, Automotive, Health Care, and Manufacturing, among others, that are responding to new technologies by installing leaders whose job is to pivot long-standing businesses to keep up with demand," said Challenger.
Companies in the Government/Non-Profit sector lead all industries in CEO changes with 29 in January, followed by Health Care/Products companies, including medical device manufacturers, with 17.
Financial and Services firms follow with 13 CEO exits apiece. Pharmaceutical and Technology companies each had ten CEO changes in January.
Beginning in January, Challenger began breaking out CEO exits at Cannabis and Financial Tech companies. Two CEO changes were announced by Cannabis companies in January, while one CEO exit was announced by FinTech.
The majority of CEOs (73) stepped down into other positions within the company, usually as a Chairperson or other member of the C-Suite. Another 41 CEOs retired, while 17 found new positions in other companies. One CEO reportedly left due to scandal, another due to professional misconduct allegations, and one other due to an internal investigation.
California companies reported the highest number of CEO changes with 18, followed by New York and Texas, which each had 11. Missouri and Florida each reported nine CEO changes.


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Casa Pinhal is an attractive, privately owned villa with swimming pool near to the unspoilt seaside village of Foz de Arelho on the Costa da Prata, on Portugal's unspoilt west coast, about an hour's drive north of Lisbon and just 30 minutes from Peniche and the Praia del Ray golf courses.
The large villa has its own private swimming pool set in a colourful garden and is located in a quiet residential development surrounded by pine and eucalyptus woodland on the slopes overlooking �bidos Lagoon, with views to the Atlantic. We are now pleased to offer free wifi.
The spacious villa has a sitting room, separate dining area and a fully fitted kitchen. There are a total of 4 double bedrooms: 2 twin bedded rooms and 2 double bedrooms. The villa also has 3 bathrooms, 1 en suite.
The master suite features a large west-facing sun terrace overlooking the swimming pool and with wonderful views. On the ground floor, the sitting room has a feature marble open fireplace, and connects to the open plan kitchen which is fully equipped with a refrigerator, gas and electric hob with electric oven, washing machine and a dishwasher.
Upstairs, the villa has a sunroom with full length sliding patio doors opening onto the sun terrace with a built in barbecue.
Our property management team of Kevin and Toni Ennis are on hand to ensure that everything goes smoothly on your holiday. Kevin and Toni are a British couple that have lived in the area for 16 years. They will be able to advise you on local restaurants, shopping and places to visit, as well as being available for any 'emergencies' that may arise.


text:
COVID-19 in a case with Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease
Jan 8, 2021503 views
A 16-year-old girl was admitted to the hospital with a 6-month history of left cervical lymphadenopathy. At the beginning of the disease, the lymph nodes were painless with 0.5 cm size, but over time, they became mobile, rubbery, painful, and larger (About 2.5 cm). Three months after initial of symptoms, she had frequent fevers, night sweats, myalgia, and weight loss. One month later, the patient complained of hair loss and erythematous plaques on the face, limbs, and hands. The patient did not have any history of autoimmune or infectious disease before symptom onset.
CBC showed elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR, 98 mm/h), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH, 865 IU/L), and C-reactive protein (CRP, 25 mg/dL). On the other hand, white blood count (WBC, 3600/mcL), red blood count (RBC, 3.3 million/mcL), hemoglobin (HB, 9 g/dL), and hematocrit were decreased. Immunoassay for autoimmune disease was 50 IU/mL for antidouble stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) and 1/1000 titer for antinuclear antibody (ANA). Serology test was negative for rheumatoid factor (RF), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and hepatitis B and C. Blood culture to detect bacteria, fungi, or other common germs was also negative.
A core needle biopsy was performed from a 0.7 × 0.7 × 0.1 cm cervical lymph node under ultrasound guided. Immunohistochemistry assessment revealed cores of lymphoid tissue with well-defined paracortical necrotic lesions with nuclear debris. In addition, there was no infiltration of polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes or plasma cells in microscopic examination. The diagnosis of Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) was made for the patient.
The patient was initially supposed to be given prednisolone, but due to fever and cough, prednisolone was refused. The patient was re-admitted, and after PCR test, she was diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2. The patient underwent supportive treatment, and interestingly after 7 days, the cervical lymphadenopathy and skin rashes significantly improved.
To best knowledge, this is the first reported case of KFD, who was affected by COVID-19. Although the association of KFD and COVID-19 cannot be confirmed in this case, considering some cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19, such condition should not be missed.
Source: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ccr3.3748?af=R

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The mandate of Lara Kramer Danse is to support Lara Kramer in her creation and production of professional quality dance choreography and to nurture her artistic voice.
Lara Kramer Danse is committed to undertaking projects that support the research and creation of Lara Kramer's artistic voice and support the development of production and touring of Lara Kramer's choreographies. Lara Kramer Danse will also support the development of workshops, educational and community projects offered and developed by Lara Kramer.


Magnesium has several functions and health benefits. Magnesium is essential for Calcium metabolism, the production of enzymes and proteins, and the utilization of fats and carbohydrates. Magnesium is highly concentrated within the cells of the body. Approximately 60 percent is found in the bone, 26 percent in the muscle and the remainder is found in soft tissue and body fluids. Although calcium is the mineral most closely associated with bone health, magnesium has a major part to play as well. Magnesium is involved in muscle contraction and nerve function. Magnesium also activates the sodium-potassium pump in the cells. Arguably, its most important function is its essential role in the proper functioning of the entire cardiovascular system. The best dietary sources of magnesium include whole grains, nuts, seeds, legumes and green leafy vegetables. Solgar offers several different magnesium supplement products, either as a single magnesium supplement such as magnesium citrate, or supplements that combine magnesium and vitamin B6 (which aids absorption), which may be useful, depending on your need, or suspected magnesium deficiency. Solgar also has so called chelated magnesium supplement products, which are known for their superior absorption.


Select chapters in professional negligence | Haaretz.
This entry was posted in GLBTIQ, Health/Welfare, Middle East and tagged Gay, GLBTIQ, Homophobia, Homosexuality, Lesbian, Prakim Nivharim B'psychiatria, Prof. Shmuel Tiano, Psychiatry, Select Chapters in Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University. Bookmark the permalink.


To improve the availability and facilitate the use of disability data and research in Nepal, the D4D Program funded the National Federation of the Disabled - Nepal to develop a Disability Open Data and Information Portal.
To better understand the Nepal's national statistical system and the availability of development data in Nepal for decision-making and monitoring development progress, the D4D Program supported Bikas Udhyami to conduct a development data audit.
To help improve fiscal transparency in Nepal, the D4D Program has supported LSP Associates to develop an Open Taxation Data Portal that collates and disseminates data on government tax revenues.
To help improve the accuracy of government health targets, the D4D Program is funding Digital Data Systems for Development to develop a tool for calculating and disseminating population statistics.
To demonstrate the value of open data from official surveys, improve coordination around earthquake reconstruction and enable greater use of highly detailed datasets, the D4D Program supported Kathmandu Living Labs and the National Planning Commission to open up data from the National Housing and Reconstruction Survey.
In order to assist user-centered approaches to providing data on aid finance in Nepal, this discussion paper investigates the aid information needs of a range of stakeholders.
To support the improved analysis and use of government data that is already available in Nepal, the D4D Program supported Smart Solutions to develop a free data analysis tool embedded within the Nepal-In-Data Portal.
The Open Data Manual, developed by Open Knowledge Nepal, is a compilation of information that explain open data – its benefits, uses and technicalities.
This series of seven videos, developed by Bikas Udhyami, use available data to demystify development myths in Nepal.


1 Fireworks explode over the Opera House and Harbour Bridge during a New Year's Eve fireworks display in Sydney, Australia.
2 Indonesian children in costumes gather during a parade for this year's last sundown on Bali island.
3 Fireworks explode from Taiwan's tallest skyscraper, the Taipei 101, during New Year's celebrations in Taipei.
4 Revelers smile during the New Year's Eve celebrations in Hong Kong's Lan Kwai Fong.


Here I go again being trendy but not on purpose, I promise. The Ankara print is everywhere right now and let's face it, it's become a trend! Everybody and they mama are either selling it, wearing it or both. But what's crazy is that it seems to bring black folks, as a community closer together and please don't say you haven't noticed it. Fashion can do things like that, bring people together and even help them to embrace their own culture.
Right now it a difficult time for black people in America and we need to strand together and love on one another. So if a print on clothing is going to bring us closer together than I am all for it. I just wanted to make sure I got my two cents in on it and honey this top gave more than two cents worth of fashion, Ankara slay.
This outfit made me feel strong and proud to be a black woman, which I need little help doing. From my natural hair in the top knot, to the bodycon skirt hugging my curves, to the heels making me strand tall! I was in love with every minute of it!
Now don't get it twisted, I don't need a piece of clothing to make me feel those ways. It has taken a lot of mental, physical and emotional healing to do that but this outfit just amped it up a little. Plus in a time when being black can be a downfall but yet so powerful, why not embrace it?
Being black isn't a crime and I will not be ashamed of it!


Although this concept piece was originally developed about five years ago, it continues, sadly enough, to be relevant.
There is an overload of information, explanation, and heated defense by the oil industry (and its investors) on the subject of the environment. There are so many voices speaking out on the subject that it becomes difficult to sift through the din to find the find the truth. The 1953 oil industry propaganda film, "American Frontier," speaks to us of the mind-set of that decade, and its very real skewed relationship to the present. The images presented in the film present a generally desolate world, isolated and barren. The question of, what will be left to the children, is raised. Obviously since we are the children we know the real answer and of course hindsight is 20/20. In the film, it is no accident that only when oil is pumping from the ground in great gushing spurts (I'm sure that there was no underlying meaning there) that we see people looking upward with pride and anticipation of the bright future ahead.
Each key in the Flash interface plays a thirty second audio clip. Half of the clips represent current voices speaking out, concerned and adamant in their call to action to save our environment. The other half are voices culled from the film. A key can be hit multiple times, and/or all the voices can be activated at the same time. The resulting sounds, then, are instrumentally controlled by the user, and can be listened to individually or in a great cacophony of sound that builds exponentially with each click.
One second video clips, each a single distilled scene from American Frontier, are played in a continuous loop. This is our collective background; our subconscious platform of false information that drives our cars, and one that brings our American auto industry to the brink of extinction rather than making a proactive choice for change. Still, who can blame an industry for not biting the hand so to speak that fuels it? Should they have had the foresight to build vehicles that were not dependent on oil?
Ultimately, each voice heard in the Ensemble is speaking about the environment in one way or another with the message totally dependent on the time period of its initial utterance. The video itself speaks to that earlier time when conditions called for more and more energy without consideration of possible consequences of future generations.
An expanded version of that depicted above -is to be laid out displaying the center projection on the far wall of the gallery and the button interface arranged on multiple computers stations around the space. For the prototype above I did limit the size and length of the film, and simply arranged the sound links across the buttons in a somewhat random manner. In the gallery specific sound link arrangements are to be activated from individual stations, so that each of several "players" will be "in charge" of activating particular sounds. In the example above you will find that each button can be hit multiple times at intervals thus generating that same dialogue over and over again and that all the buttons can be hit at the same time one after another until there is the sound of what on the surface resembles a large crowd all speaking at once.
You will also hear an underlying clock-tick running throughout the film, matching one-second cuts. This was done in an effort to accentuate the idea of a limited time span we have for ecological correction.


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text:
Rethinking mobility strategies for mega-sporting events: A global multiregional input-output-based hybrid life cycle sustainability assessment of alternative fuel bus technologies
Noura Elagouz, Nuri C. Onat, Murat Kucukvar, Burak Sen, Adeeb A. Kutty, Shigemi Kagawa, Keisuke Nansai, Doyoon Kim
International Economy Analysis
Sustainability has been enshrined in the official claims of mega sporting events, and scholarly debates persist on how to achieve environmental stewardship and a prolonged legacy. Revitalizing the public transportation system with alternative fuel bus technologies has speculated significant environmental and socio-economic benefits to the host nation. This paper thus attempts to quantify and analyze the environmental, social, and economic impacts of alternative fuel buses throughout their entire life cycle stages to support the thought process of sustainable mobility practices in hosting mega-events. A hybrid, multi-regional Input-Output (MRIO) based life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) model is developed to assess three bus types: compressed natural gas (CNG), electric buses (EBs), and diesel buses (DBs). The results are investigated in terms of a combination of various manufacturing and end-of-life scenarios by encompassing impacts embedded in the global supply chains. A scenario-based analysis is then conducted to assess the impacts and associated benefits of EB compared to alternative bus technologies in host nations, during and post-event, taking the upcoming FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022™ as a case. The results for the MRIO analysis demonstrate the impacts embedded in the global supply chains and on-site benefits of adopting alternative fuel buses may compromise each other, as impacts might be shifted towards other countries (through manufacturing and end-of-life, in exporting countries) while minimizing the operation phase impacts in the importing country, Qatar. Even though the economic benefits of EBs are higher than the CNG buses, and with almost similar social benefits, the environmental impact of the CNG buses inside the host nation is much less than the DBs. This would thus make CNG buses a more balanced alternative than the DBs and EBs. The outcome of this research stays as an eye-opener to the local organizing committee of mega-events to rethink the current sough alternatives for the use of electric transit with more balanced alternatives as proposed in the study, to achieve the mandated carbon neutrality and environmental footprint mitigation goals.
Sustainable Production and Consumption
Dive into the research topics of 'Rethinking mobility strategies for mega-sporting events: A global multiregional input-output-based hybrid life cycle sustainability assessment of alternative fuel bus technologies'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Bus Earth and Planetary Sciences 100%
Compressed Natural Gas Social Sciences 50%
Event Earth and Planetary Sciences 31%
Impact Earth and Planetary Sciences 31%
Alternative Fuel Earth and Planetary Sciences 25%
Economics Social Sciences 25%
Fuels Social Sciences 25%
Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment Social Sciences 25%
Elagouz, N., Onat, N. C., Kucukvar, M., Sen, B., Kutty, A. A., Kagawa, S., Nansai, K., & Kim, D. (2022). Rethinking mobility strategies for mega-sporting events: A global multiregional input-output-based hybrid life cycle sustainability assessment of alternative fuel bus technologies. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 33, 767-787. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2022.07.031
Rethinking mobility strategies for mega-sporting events : A global multiregional input-output-based hybrid life cycle sustainability assessment of alternative fuel bus technologies. / Elagouz, Noura; Onat, Nuri C.; Kucukvar, Murat et al.
In: Sustainable Production and Consumption, Vol. 33, 09.2022, p. 767-787.
Elagouz, N, Onat, NC, Kucukvar, M, Sen, B, Kutty, AA, Kagawa, S, Nansai, K & Kim, D 2022, 'Rethinking mobility strategies for mega-sporting events: A global multiregional input-output-based hybrid life cycle sustainability assessment of alternative fuel bus technologies', Sustainable Production and Consumption, vol. 33, pp. 767-787. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2022.07.031
Elagouz N, Onat NC, Kucukvar M, Sen B, Kutty AA, Kagawa S et al. Rethinking mobility strategies for mega-sporting events: A global multiregional input-output-based hybrid life cycle sustainability assessment of alternative fuel bus technologies. Sustainable Production and Consumption. 2022 Sep;33:767-787. doi: 10.1016/j.spc.2022.07.031
Elagouz, Noura ; Onat, Nuri C. ; Kucukvar, Murat et al. / Rethinking mobility strategies for mega-sporting events : A global multiregional input-output-based hybrid life cycle sustainability assessment of alternative fuel bus technologies. In: Sustainable Production and Consumption. 2022 ; Vol. 33. pp. 767-787.
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title = "Rethinking mobility strategies for mega-sporting events: A global multiregional input-output-based hybrid life cycle sustainability assessment of alternative fuel bus technologies",
abstract = "Sustainability has been enshrined in the official claims of mega sporting events, and scholarly debates persist on how to achieve environmental stewardship and a prolonged legacy. Revitalizing the public transportation system with alternative fuel bus technologies has speculated significant environmental and socio-economic benefits to the host nation. This paper thus attempts to quantify and analyze the environmental, social, and economic impacts of alternative fuel buses throughout their entire life cycle stages to support the thought process of sustainable mobility practices in hosting mega-events. A hybrid, multi-regional Input-Output (MRIO) based life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) model is developed to assess three bus types: compressed natural gas (CNG), electric buses (EBs), and diesel buses (DBs). The results are investigated in terms of a combination of various manufacturing and end-of-life scenarios by encompassing impacts embedded in the global supply chains. A scenario-based analysis is then conducted to assess the impacts and associated benefits of EB compared to alternative bus technologies in host nations, during and post-event, taking the upcoming FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022{\texttrademark} as a case. The results for the MRIO analysis demonstrate the impacts embedded in the global supply chains and on-site benefits of adopting alternative fuel buses may compromise each other, as impacts might be shifted towards other countries (through manufacturing and end-of-life, in exporting countries) while minimizing the operation phase impacts in the importing country, Qatar. Even though the economic benefits of EBs are higher than the CNG buses, and with almost similar social benefits, the environmental impact of the CNG buses inside the host nation is much less than the DBs. This would thus make CNG buses a more balanced alternative than the DBs and EBs. The outcome of this research stays as an eye-opener to the local organizing committee of mega-events to rethink the current sough alternatives for the use of electric transit with more balanced alternatives as proposed in the study, to achieve the mandated carbon neutrality and environmental footprint mitigation goals.",
author = "Noura Elagouz and Onat, {Nuri C.} and Murat Kucukvar and Burak Sen and Kutty, {Adeeb A.} and Shigemi Kagawa and Keisuke Nansai and Doyoon Kim",
note = "Funding Information: This paper is an output of a project supported by the Qatar University-Marubeni funding program, grant number M-QJRC-2020-2 . The authors acknowledge and appreciate Marubeni and Qatar University for the generous and continuous support for electric vehicle research at Qatar University. Dr. Burak Sen is supported by the EC H2020 Marie Sk{\l}odowska-Curie Action 2236 Co-Funded Brain Circulation Scheme 2 (CoCirculation2) . Funding Information: This paper is an output of a project supported by the Qatar University-Marubeni funding program, grant number M-QJRC-2020-2. The authors acknowledge and appreciate Marubeni and Qatar University for the generous and continuous support for electric vehicle research at Qatar University. Dr. Burak Sen is supported by the EC H2020 Marie Sk{\l}odowska-Curie Action 2236 Co-Funded Brain Circulation Scheme 2 (CoCirculation2). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 Elsevier Ltd",
doi = "10.1016/j.spc.2022.07.031",
journal = "Sustainable Production and Consumption",
T1 - Rethinking mobility strategies for mega-sporting events
T2 - A global multiregional input-output-based hybrid life cycle sustainability assessment of alternative fuel bus technologies
AU - Elagouz, Noura
AU - Onat, Nuri C.
AU - Kucukvar, Murat
AU - Sen, Burak
AU - Kutty, Adeeb A.
AU - Kagawa, Shigemi
AU - Nansai, Keisuke
AU - Kim, Doyoon
N1 - Funding Information: This paper is an output of a project supported by the Qatar University-Marubeni funding program, grant number M-QJRC-2020-2 . The authors acknowledge and appreciate Marubeni and Qatar University for the generous and continuous support for electric vehicle research at Qatar University. Dr. Burak Sen is supported by the EC H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Action 2236 Co-Funded Brain Circulation Scheme 2 (CoCirculation2) . Funding Information: This paper is an output of a project supported by the Qatar University-Marubeni funding program, grant number M-QJRC-2020-2. The authors acknowledge and appreciate Marubeni and Qatar University for the generous and continuous support for electric vehicle research at Qatar University. Dr. Burak Sen is supported by the EC H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Action 2236 Co-Funded Brain Circulation Scheme 2 (CoCirculation2). Publisher Copyright: © 2022 Elsevier Ltd
N2 - Sustainability has been enshrined in the official claims of mega sporting events, and scholarly debates persist on how to achieve environmental stewardship and a prolonged legacy. Revitalizing the public transportation system with alternative fuel bus technologies has speculated significant environmental and socio-economic benefits to the host nation. This paper thus attempts to quantify and analyze the environmental, social, and economic impacts of alternative fuel buses throughout their entire life cycle stages to support the thought process of sustainable mobility practices in hosting mega-events. A hybrid, multi-regional Input-Output (MRIO) based life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) model is developed to assess three bus types: compressed natural gas (CNG), electric buses (EBs), and diesel buses (DBs). The results are investigated in terms of a combination of various manufacturing and end-of-life scenarios by encompassing impacts embedded in the global supply chains. A scenario-based analysis is then conducted to assess the impacts and associated benefits of EB compared to alternative bus technologies in host nations, during and post-event, taking the upcoming FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022™ as a case. The results for the MRIO analysis demonstrate the impacts embedded in the global supply chains and on-site benefits of adopting alternative fuel buses may compromise each other, as impacts might be shifted towards other countries (through manufacturing and end-of-life, in exporting countries) while minimizing the operation phase impacts in the importing country, Qatar. Even though the economic benefits of EBs are higher than the CNG buses, and with almost similar social benefits, the environmental impact of the CNG buses inside the host nation is much less than the DBs. This would thus make CNG buses a more balanced alternative than the DBs and EBs. The outcome of this research stays as an eye-opener to the local organizing committee of mega-events to rethink the current sough alternatives for the use of electric transit with more balanced alternatives as proposed in the study, to achieve the mandated carbon neutrality and environmental footprint mitigation goals.
AB - Sustainability has been enshrined in the official claims of mega sporting events, and scholarly debates persist on how to achieve environmental stewardship and a prolonged legacy. Revitalizing the public transportation system with alternative fuel bus technologies has speculated significant environmental and socio-economic benefits to the host nation. This paper thus attempts to quantify and analyze the environmental, social, and economic impacts of alternative fuel buses throughout their entire life cycle stages to support the thought process of sustainable mobility practices in hosting mega-events. A hybrid, multi-regional Input-Output (MRIO) based life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) model is developed to assess three bus types: compressed natural gas (CNG), electric buses (EBs), and diesel buses (DBs). The results are investigated in terms of a combination of various manufacturing and end-of-life scenarios by encompassing impacts embedded in the global supply chains. A scenario-based analysis is then conducted to assess the impacts and associated benefits of EB compared to alternative bus technologies in host nations, during and post-event, taking the upcoming FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022™ as a case. The results for the MRIO analysis demonstrate the impacts embedded in the global supply chains and on-site benefits of adopting alternative fuel buses may compromise each other, as impacts might be shifted towards other countries (through manufacturing and end-of-life, in exporting countries) while minimizing the operation phase impacts in the importing country, Qatar. Even though the economic benefits of EBs are higher than the CNG buses, and with almost similar social benefits, the environmental impact of the CNG buses inside the host nation is much less than the DBs. This would thus make CNG buses a more balanced alternative than the DBs and EBs. The outcome of this research stays as an eye-opener to the local organizing committee of mega-events to rethink the current sough alternatives for the use of electric transit with more balanced alternatives as proposed in the study, to achieve the mandated carbon neutrality and environmental footprint mitigation goals.
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text:
All Your Beis
...are shayach to our bailuss. For great tzidkuss.
(Something I just wrote on another site, possible using a pseudonym.)
I think people are missing the point that korbanot were not just about killing animals - they were, in the vast majority of cases, about killing your animals. They were a substantial financial "sacrifice", especially in ancient times, when animals were one of the few valuable objects people owned. Instead of mumbling some prayer which you might not even know the meaning of while daydreaming about the Yankees, you were literally forced to put your money where your mouth was.
And in many cases, korbanot were required to include other central components of religious life, such as prayer (chatat, asham, bikurim); charity to the poor (certain shelamim), and so on.
I would hazard to say that sacrifices as depicted in the Torah were more meaningful than any institutional form of worship we have today. Simply saying that "korbanot are bloody and violent, so we don't want them" is superficial and immature, and demonstrates ignorance as to what the Torah actually commands.
Posted by Beisrunner at 11:10 PM No comments:
Thoughts on Vaetchanan
"For which great nation has God as close to them, as is Hashem our God whenever we call upon Him?
And which great nation has statutes and laws, as righteous as all the law which I present to you today? (4:5-6)
In these two lines Moshe alludes to two of the main forms of religious experience - the experiential/spiritual, versus the intellectual. He says that the Jewish people has experienced both, in ways that no other nation has.
Now, it is easy to think of extraordinary spiritual experiences that Moshe could be alluding to, for example the splitting of the Red Sea. It is also easy to think of intellectual experiences, specifically the many laws which Moshe taught them over the course of 40 years. But there was only one event which was a spiritual and an intellectual experience. This was the revelation at Sinai. It should be no surprise that Moshe now mentions Sinai as the lasting evidence for the claims he has just made...
Only beware, and watch yourself carefully, lest you forget the things which your eyes saw, and lest they leave your heart all the days of your life; but rather make them known to your children and grandchildren - the day you stood before Hashem your God in Horev..." (4:7-10)
Posted by Beisrunner at 7:10 PM No comments:
It was so hot today
that my glasses fogged up when I went outside.
Thoughts on Eichah
I found it useful this year, while reading Eichah, to keep in mind that the events which are mentioned in it are/were presumably well-known to the intended audience.
This is certainly true for chapter 5, which is one long speech to God; and for large chunks of chapter 1 which are also addressed to God. These chapters give many examples of our suffering, despite the fact that God clearly knows about them already. It seems to me that this serves to create a sense of urgency. Chapter 5 in particular is simply a prayer from us to God - I found it spiritually productive to go off by myself and say it as a prayer, the same way I had said Shemoneh Esreh a couple hours earlier - and the mention of each event serves to make the argument sharper and more poignant. "Look. We have been suffering terribly. We have had to deal with X, and Y, and Z. We cannot bear it any more. Please return to us."
Chapters 2 and 4 seem to be addressed not to God but to some subset of the Jewish people, who, however, are intimately aware of what has happened. They call for specific responses to the tragedy: in chapter 2, calling out to God; in chapter 4, theological perspective.
(Chapter 3 is more complex, less nationally oriented, and more private. Eichah as a whole has a chiastic structure - chapters 1 and 5 are speeches to God, 2 and 4 are speeches to Israel, 3 is sort of an internal monologue.)
We are mostly accustomed to look at Eichah as a piece of history - if you want to know what the destruction was like, go read Eichah. I think that is the wrong approach. Chapters 1, 2, 4, and 5 take the form of public speeches. But they fail as speeches unless the events they describe are painfully familiar to the audience. We can read about our historical tragedies in Sefer Melachim, in Josephus, in books on the Holocaust, or wherever else. We thus obtain mental associations which come into play when we read Eichah. Eichah does not simply tell us about tragedies. It also tells us how to respond to them. And the goal of Tisha Beav is for us to begin responding.
Posted by Beisrunner at 12:07 AM No comments:
Devarim and Tisha Beav
One obvious parallel between Parshat Devarim and its haftarah is the presence of the word "Eichah", which in both places we read in, um, the Eichah-tune.
This parallel is intimately related to a deeper parallel: the role of judges. In Devarim, Moshe's complaint about being unable to manage the people's quarrels leads him to appoint judges to do it for him. In the haftarah, we read about moral deterioration: "How ["Eichah"] the faithful city has become a harlot! She that was full of justice, righteousness lodged in her, but now murderers..." (Yeshayahu 1:21) And the stated reparation for the sin involves fixing the justice system: "I will restore your judges as before, and your advisors as at the beginning; afterward you will be called 'The city of righteousness, the faithful city'. Zion will be redeemed through justice, and its returnees through righteousness." (1:26-27)
We learn in Bamidbar 35:32-34 that unpunished murder "defiles" the land and cannot be atoned for except by punishment. The language is similar to Vayikra 18:27, which says that sexual immorality also "defiles" the land and leads to exile. In Devarim 4:25-27 we read that idol worship causes exile. These are the clear sources in the Torah for Chazal's statement that idolatry, murder, and sexual immorality lead to destruction. Yeshayahu, by calling for a reformed or more effective justice system, tried to address the second of these three potential causes. Moshe had similar motivations in appointing judges, even if murder and other injustice had not yet become prevalent.
In later generations, the impulse towards idolatry disappeared, but sexual immorality and the absence of justice persisted. The gemara (Gittin 55b-58a) tells a series of stories relating why the second Temple was destroyed. The first is that of Kamtza and Bar Kamtza, and the last is that of "two wicks in one lamp" - that is to say, adultery.
In the Kamtza/Bar Kamtza story, virtually everyone is to blame, but perhaps the ultimate cause of destruction is the rabbis' failure to protest Bar Kamtza's embarrassment. Elsewhere, the gemara (Bava Metzia 58b) likens acute embarrassment to murder. Even if we do not take that statement literally, it remains true that the rabbis, in their role as authorities and arbiters, neglected to justly resolve the dispute between Bar Kamtza and the host, with disastrous consequences.
Thus, the gemara begins with a story about the abdication of justice, and ends with a story of sexual immorality. These were only two causes of the destruction, among others, and can perhaps be subsumed under the general label of "sinat hinam". But they were the most prominent and perhaps most important causes, and thus merit being at the very beginning and end. Perhaps due to this importance, in this week's haftarah we are warned about the presence of murder and the absence of justice.
As far as warnings about sexual immorality, do not feel cheated that there are none in parshat Devarim or its haftarah, or on Tisha Beav. These warnings will come soon enough - two months from now, on the afternoon of Yom Kippur.
Thoughts on Devarim
These are the commandments and the ordinances, which Hashem commanded by the hand of Moshe to the children of Israel, in the plains of Moav by the Jordan at Jericho. (Bamidbar 36:13)
These are the words which Moshe spoke to all Israel beyond the Jordan; in the wilderness, in the Aravah, opposite Suf, between Paran and Tofel, and Lavan, and Hatzerot, and Di-zahav. Eleven days journey from Horev, to Kadesh-barnea, by the way of Mount Seir. (Devarim 1:1-2)
The last verse of Sefer Bamidbar specifies that the preceding commandments were commanded in Moav. The first verse of Devarim does not specify where the commandments which follow were given. In fact, in chapter 5 we will learn that they were given at Sinai.
I personally think (like Ibn Ezra) that at least some of the places listed here represent separate locations, each of which Moshe gave the "speech" of Sefer Devarim over again. Certainly Kadesh-Barnea seems logical in that respect, since the content of Sefer Devarim addresses the entry to Israel, and the Jews would have entered Israel from Kadesh-Barnea (after a journey from Horev[=Sinai] via Hatzerot) were it not for the spies incident.
Devarim is referred to as "Mishneh Torah". Perhaps that means "orally repeated Torah", as in "veshinantam lebanecha", as the speech was repeated orally several times. (R' Menachem Leibtag)
And it came to pass in the fortieth year, in the eleventh month, on the first day of the month, that Moshe spoke to the children of Israel, according to all that Hashem had given him in commandment unto them; after he had defeated Sichon the king of the Amorites, who dwelt in Heshbon, and Og the king of Bashan, who dwelt in Ashtaroth, at Edrei. Beyond the Jordan, in the land of Moav, Moshe took upon himself to expound [?] this law, saying: "Hashem our God spoke to us in Horev... (1:3-6)
There is no punctuation in the written Torah, so you have to mentally add it yourself. Here we clearly have an "open-quote" as Moshe begins his speech. Where is the close-quote? I think it comes four chapters later, after verse 4:40. Then there is another open-quote in 5:1. This begins a speech which continues all the way until 26:19. The final 8 chapters of Devarim, after this mega-speech, contain miscellaneous other topics. (R' Menachem Leibtag)
Verses 3-5 seem redundant after verses 1-2. See the explanation here.
Then Sichon came out against us, he and all his people, to battle at Yahatz. Hashem our God delivered him before us; and we smote him, and his sons, and all his people. (2:32-33)
Why the mention of Sichon's sons, which does not appear for the other battle (with Og)? Presumably this is because his sons were the generals leading the battle. We find the same phenomenon with Shaul, and it was likely the case with some other ancient kings. As one example with Shaul, his son Yehonatan led battles against the Philistines. (Shmuel Alef 13:3,14:1-14:14)
As another possible example, there is the disturbing story in Shmuel Bet 21, where it is revealed after Shaul's death that he had massacred the Giveonite people. As a form of reparation, the remaining Giveonites request that seven of Shaul's sons or descendants be put to death, and David does this. Not only does it seem immoral for there to be arbitrary punishment, but the Torah specifically prohibits punishing sons for the crimes of their fathers. But if these sons had been army commanders like Yehonatan (Yehonatan himself had previously died in battle), then it makes perfect sense that they be put to death for a crime which they themselves committed. This would, perhaps, have been the first war crimes tribunal in history.
(Verse 21:7 would still need explaining though.)
Posted by Beisrunner at 11:59 PM 3 comments:
Consolation quote for the 9 days
"I never studied Chullin under my father. I know Chullin by osmosis. I swallowed Chullin."
-R' Soloveitchik
Zecher le-something or other
Birkat hamazon in paleo-Hebrew (aka "ktav ivri").
(Yes, it's left to right - couldn't find a way around that)
Posted by Beisrunner at 9:46 AM No comments:
Nine days
There is something of a custom to have only cold showers during the period before Tisha Beav.
But this year I won't be doing it. In Haifa, in the summer, my normal shower consists of 100% cold water. I would willingly take such a shower several times a day, if I had the time.
So in order to be uncomfortable, my bathing will have to be in hot water.
Posted by Beisrunner at 7:10 PM 2 comments:
Thoughts on Matot/Masei
Moshe said to the children of Gad and to the children of Reuben: "Shall your brethren go to the war, and you sit here? Why will you discourage the children of Israel from entering the land which Hashem has given them? Thus your fathers did, when I sent them from Kadesh-barnea to see the land. For when they went up unto the valley of Eshkol, and saw the land, they discouraged the children of Israel from entering the land which Hashem had given them... And, behold, you have risen up in your fathers' stead, a brood of sinful men, to increase Hashem's anger toward Israel." (32:6-14)
What exactly is the problem with Reuven and Gad's request? One possibility is simply that they want to live on the east bank, outside the borders of the promised land. They were rejecting the land of Canaan just as their fathers had.
I find this explanation extremely dubious, for one simple reason. The lands Reuven and Gad requested were recently occupied by the kingdoms of Sichon and Og. If the Israelites went to the trouble and moral complication of exterminating those kingdoms, it can only be because they intended to live there. We personally struggle to justify the Torah's command to kill the Canaanites, by arguing that in their immorality they forfeited their right to live there, that life belongs to God and can be taken away when God desires, that the Israelites needed to live somewhere, and so on. Whether or not these reasons satisfy our consciences in general, none of them would apply to Sichon and Og's kingdoms, if left vacant for some equally immoral Canaanite tribe to occupy. In that case it is inconceivable that the population would be massacred. Rather, we must conclude that some Israelite tribes were destined to live on the east bank.
But if wanting to live on the east bank was OK, then what was the problem with their request? I think it is ONLY that they did not want to fight in the upcoming war to conquer the land of Canaan. (Or at least, Moshe thought that.)
Moshe's specific complaint is: "Shall your brethren go to the war, and you sit here? Why will you discourage the children of Israel from entering the land which Hashem has given them?" His first complaint is about unwillingness to fight. I think the second complaint is a consequence of the first: if these tribes abandon the war, the rest of the people will lose confidence and be unwilling to fight. This, after all was the problem with the spies incident 40 years before. The spies had reported that the land was desirable, but perhaps not conquerable. The people would have happily gone there, but did not have enough confidence and trust in God to begin the battle.
This also fits perfectly with the resolution, in which the tribes agree to fight (as Moshe demanded) and get land on the east bank (as they requested). In the end, everyone gets what they wanted, and we live happily ever after.
The children of Machir son of Menashe went to Gil'ad, and captured it, and dispossessed the Amorites who were there. And Moshe gave Gil'ad to Machir the son of Menashe; and he dwelt there. Yair son of Menashe went and captured its villages, and called them Havot-yair. Nobach went and captured Kenat and its villages, and called it Nobach, after his name. (32:39-42)
Last year I argued that Yair (and perhaps Nobach) did their conquering not in Moshe's time, but decades or centuries beforehand.
I'm undecided as to whether the same is true of Machir. I looked into it a bit, but gave up after deciding that the answer perhaps depended on correct geographical identification of the locations mentioned in the story. Since these areas are all now in Jordan, you can't just look the local hiking map and find the archaeological site next to the modern town of the same name. So I am totally ignorant as to which is near which, which areas were conquered when, where the borders were, and so on. Perhaps someday, depending on your politics, we will either conquer Jordan or be truly friendly and at peace with it. In either case it will be easier to answer these questions. But for now I plead ignorance.
But anyway, returning to Yair's conquering, it seems slightly awkward that it would have happened long beforehand, but be described now without mentioning that it is out of chronological order. To address this point, I think we have to look the larger structure of Sefer Bamidbar.
The end of Sefer Bamidbar is very confusing, with various stories juxtaposed without obvious rhyme or reason. (Though R' Yoni Grossman has a very interesting explanation of the basic structure.) For now I will arbitrarily ignore the Midian and Yehoshua stories and the mussaf and nedarim laws, and just look at the stories which focus on conquest and the inheritance of land.
These stories, listed by chapter, go as follows:
26 Census (for inheriting land)
27 Tzelafchad's daughters
32 Reuven, Gad, Menashe
33 "Masei" - list of travels
34 Borders of Canaan
35 Levite cities, cities of refuge
36 Tzelafchad's daughters again
Even within this series of stories, chapter 33 is deviant. It is not talking about conquest or land, but about the journey. So why did I keep it here while excluding chapters 28 through 31?
I did this because of the clear shift in focus between the stories before and after it. Chapter 32 tells the story of the inheritance on the east bank of the Jordan, while chapter 34 introduces inheritance the west bank of the Jordan. (Chapters 26, 27, 35, and 36 are general and apply to inheritance anywhere.)
Thematically, the sequence is absolutely clear. The unit as a whole is about inheritance. First you start off outside the land of Canaan. While there, you conquer territories such as Gil'ad. But then your journey ends, you reach Canaan, and from now on all your conquering will take place in Canaan. Chapter 33, which tells the definitive story of the 40-year journey which is just now ending, is a major landmark in the Torah. Anything before it relates to the journey outside of Canaan, while anything after it is about the future in Canaan.
The verses we began by quoting, of Yair and Nobach's conquests, are the last verses in chapter 32, and thus the very last verses to tell the story outside Canaan. Admittedly, Yair and Nobach's conquests have little connection to the conquests in Moshe's time. But now, as we finish the story of the journey, we gather together all the random details relating to the east bank (outside Canaan) and record them together. Once you realize that this is not some arbitrary place in the Torah, but rather the very end of a large structural unit, the inclusion of tangential details is easier to understand.
The gemara (Nedarim 22b) says that had Israel not sinned, the only books in Tanach would be the Torah and Sefer Yehoshua. The mention of Sefer Yehoshua indicates that the conquest and settlement of the land of Canaan is an integral part of the Torah's story. It did not make it into the Torah for chronological reasons, but it must be told in the "sequel".
However, the conquest of the east bank does not have this chronological restriction. It appears entirely in the Torah because it happened earlier, in Moshe's lifetime. The stories of Yair and Nobach can (and therefore must) also appear in the Torah, because they too happened before Moshe's death. Their stories are unrelated to any other story, so they necessarily appear somewhat out of place. But as we finish telling the story of the journey and the east bank, their stories must appear, as a sort of appendix.
As a grammatical note, both Yair and Nobach's conquests use the verb "halach" not "vayelech". This may very well be the "past perfect" tense, meaning "they had gone" not "they went". This is a textual indication that we are talking about events in the past, not continuous with the rest of the Torah's story. [The same method is used in Yonah 1:5 and, I believe, Breishit 39:1 and Shemot 24:1, among other places.]
And they journeyed from Kadesh, and pitched in mount Hor, in the edge of the land of Edom. Aharon the priest climbed mount Hor at Hashem's command, and died there, in the fortieth year after the children of Israel left the land of Egypt, in the fifth month, on the first day of the month. Aharon was 123 years old when he died in mount Hor. (33:37-39)
This seems out of place in the list of journeys. It is presumably here because of the first verse of the chapter: "These are the travels of the children of Israel, when they left the land of Egypt by their hosts under the hand of MOSHE AND AHARON." They stop being under Aharon's hand once he dies.
"But if you do not drive out the inhabitants of the land from before you, then those of them that you let remain will be as thorns in your eyes, and as pricks in your sides, and they shall harass you in the land in which you dwell. It shall be that as I thought to do to them, so will I do to you." (33:55-56)
This gives an interesting picture of the interaction between Divine plans and human actions. Driving out the inhabitants is our action, but is called God's plan. If we choose not to drive them out, then God will have "decided" not to implement the plan. And God's next plan, of harassing us, will be carried out by other people.
Posted by Beisrunner at 12:04 AM 2 comments:
Minchas Pinchas
These are just the normal thoughts on the parsha, but I wanted to shake things up in the title department.
Reuven, the firstborn of Israel: the sons of Reuven: of Hanoch, the family of the Hanochites; of Pallu, the family of the Palluites... (26:5)
One interesting feature of the census in Pinchas is that the names listed are not always the same as those in Breishit 46:8-27, where Yaakov's sons and grandsons are listed. I think this discrepancy can be resolved by noting that point of the census is to list families, not sons. As can be seen from Bamidbar 26:53, the purpose of this census was to prepare for the allotment of land in Israel, which would be done by family. And it turns out that the families do not necessarily correspond one-to-one with the sons.
For a good example of this, look at the very highest level of family structure: the 12 tribes. One would expect that each of Yaakov's 12 sons would go on to father a tribe. Alas, things are more complicated. One tribe (Shimon) is eventually absorbed within another tribe (see Yehoshua 19:1 and 19:9), and loses its identity entirely. On the other extreme, Yosef becomes the father of two distinct tribes: Menashe and Efraim. Even at the tribal level, then, we see fluidity, as families split and merge and the resulting tribes do not match the family trees.
It's reasonable to assume that the same was true within each individual tribe. Thus the lists of families in our parsha should not necessarily correspond to the list of Yaakov's grandchildren earlier in the Torah. And indeed, we see that some of the families are named after Yaakov's great-grandchildren, while some of the grandchildren are not listed, and presumably their descendants joined other families.
UPDATE: From Ezra 2:61 we see that in some circumstances, family names can be chosen based on maternal rather than paternal descent. Thus providing one possible motivation for the aformentioned kind of change.
"Our father died in the desert. He was not among the group who gathered against Hashem, among Korach's group. Rather, he died due to his sin, and he had no sons. Why should our father's name disappear from his family, since he had no son? Give us a portion of land among our father's brothers." (27:3-4)
There have been various attempts to identify exactly which sin Tzelafchad died for. On a pshat level, I think this is misguided. The daughters are trying to show how their father was actually a worthy person who deserved to inherit land, and would have, except for the accident of not having sons. They clearly do not intend to draw attention to a particular failing of his.
Rather, I think we must keep in mind that EVERY person dies due to their sins. The daughters don't intend to refer to a specific sin for which he was killed, and probably couldn't name one if you asked them. They are just pointing out that he is dead, and doing it in such a way that they recognize God's justice in killing him. Quite possibly, "died due to his sin" was the normal expression a religious person at the time would use regarding any death. Thus the daughters strengthen their case, instead of weakening it by portraying Tzelafchad as a bad guy.
Regarding the broader context of this story, it seems worth noting the following parallel. Women in Tanach were not expected to take the initiative in sexual matters. But there was one glaring exception to this rule: yibum. When the woman's motivation was to preserve the name and status of her family, her sexual advances were not only allowed but encouraged. Thus we find Ruth approaching Boaz at night, Tamar dressing up as a prostitute to seduce Yehudah, and even Lot's daughters getting pregnant from him after their husbands die in Sedom. As outrageous as these acts are by normal standards, in the circumstances in which they occur, the Torah shows no sign of condemnation.*
Tzelafchad's daughters were seeking a legal injunction, not a sexual relationship, but their motivation was the same: to preserve the status of their family. As we have seen, the Torah respects this motivation to the point of allowing daring sexual conquests. So it is not surprising Tzelafchad's daughters' more legalistic request is granted.
* I first heard this from R' Yaakov Medan; see also here
"If a man dies without a son, you shall transfer [haavartem] his inheritance to his daughter. If he has no daughter, you shall give [netatem] his inheritance to his brother. If he has no brother, you shall give his inheritance to his uncle. If he has no uncles, you shall give his inheritance to his closest relative..." (27:8-11)
Note that a different word is used for when the daughter inherits.
There is a set hierarchy for inheritance, which predates this story and maybe predates the Torah entirely. In this hierarchy only men inherit. Inheritance acording to this normal hierarchy is referred to as "giving". But in the case of the daughter, the Torah overrides the hierarchy. The daughter's right to inheritance is external to the hierarchy - superimposed over it, rather than modifying it. The hierarchy still exists, unchanged. But in this case, we disregard it in favor of other considerations. When this happens, inheritance occurs through "transfer", not through the normal means of "giving".
And Moshe spoke to Hashem, saying: (27:15)
Another good article here. VBM was really on the ball this week.
Briskogism
Overheard at Gush recently: There is a chakira about chakiras.
What is the status of a chakira without a nafka mina? Is it a chakira without chalut - or is it not a chakira at all?
What is the nafka mina of this chakira? There may not be one!
Thoughts on Balak
Balak son of Tzipor saw everything that Israel did to the Amorites. Moav feared the people [Israel] exceedingly... Moav said to the elders of Midian... And Balak son of Tzipor was king of Moav at that time. (22:2-4)
The structure here seems awkward. First we start off with Balak. Then we suddenly switch to Moav's fears and the attempts to deal with them - not yet knowing the connection between Balak and Moav. And finally we learn that Balak is king of Moav. Wouldn't it have been better to say "Balak son of Tzipor, king of Moav" at the beginning and have everything clear?
Perhaps, the structure is meant to show that "Moav" is independent of Balak. The fear of Israel was not (just) Balak's personal fear, but the fear of his entire country. When "Moav" speaks to the elders of Midian, it most likely means that the elders of Moav are speaking to their Midianite peers. Balak, the king, does not even seem to be present.
The message seems to be that Balak is not such a bad guy; he was not furthering his personal ambitions, but rather responding to his nation's fears. If we had said "Balak king of Moav" at the beginning, we would have thought that "Moav" referred to Balak himself.
Thus, the story may be fundamentally caused by the people's fears and not by any action on Balak's part. Despite this, Balak is introduced briefly on the first line, because after all he is the main character in the story (along with Bilam). But at this stage all he does is "see"; the actual chain of events only begins in the next verse, with his people.
(This explanation is similar to those of Kli Yakar and Rashi.)
God came to Bilam and said to him, "If these men have come to invite you, rise and go with them. But whatever I command you, that you shall do." Bilam arose in the morning, saddled his donkey, and departed with the Moavite dignitaries. But God was angry at his going; so an angel of Hashem placed himself in his way as an adversary. (Bamidbar 22:20-22)
[God to Moshe:] "Say to Pharaoh: 'Thus says Hashem: Israel is my firstborn son. I say to you: let my son go serve Me. If you refuse to let him go, I will kill your firstborn son.' " When Moshe was lodged on the journey, Hashem met him and strove to kill him. Tzipporah took a flint tool and cut her son's foreskin... thus [Hashem] let [Moshe] alone. (Shemot 4:22-26)
I was happy with myself for noticing the parallel between these two stories - especially the shared textual difficulty and what is most likely the same resolution. But it turns out I'm not the first to notice. Come to think of it, I may have read that post at some point in the past and subconsciously remembered it now...
[Bilam] came to [Balak], and he stood by his burnt-offering, and the princes of Moab with him. Balak said to him: "What has Hashem spoken?" (23:17)
It is understandable how Bnei Yisrael believe in Hashem, and also how Bilam believes, since he has received prophecy. But what is the idolatrous Balak doing offering sacrifices to Hashem and relying on His word?
I think the answer is that idolatries are not mutually exclusive. Balak could believe in various Moavite deities, while also accepting the existence of an Israelite deity. In Balak's mind, the Moavite deities would naturally tend to favor Moav, while Hashem would favor Israel. If war broke out between Moav and Israel, it would effectively be a battle between Hashem and the Moavite deities - which could go either way. But if somehow Hashem could be led to reject Israel, then all the deities would be on Moav's side, and its chances would be much better. Balak tried his best to manipulate Hashem, through Bilam, and failed. All was not lost though, because he thought he could still rely on his own deities.
The entire Balak story is notable because of its almost total lack of consequences. Israel never hears about the attempted cursing. Bilam goes home and resumes life as normal (though Balak will soon recall him for a slightly different task). Balak abandons magical incantations and turns to more practical ways of making God angry at Israel. And Moav is not invaded even after the Baal Peor episode, so in retrospect Balak's fears were baseless.
It seems that the only "value" of the long Balak story is as a theological statement - that God is transcendent, that He cannot be manipulated by humans but rather determines their personal and national destiny, and that His relationship with the Jewish people is permanent and will not be altered on a whim.
bamidbar (27)
breishit (59)
devarim (20)
halacha (73)
hashkafa (69)
nach (42)
parsha (159)
shemot (45)
vayikra (15)


text:
Paredes da Vitória é uma pequena localidade costeira da freguesia de Pataias, concelho de Alcobaça.

A povoação é conhecida pela sua praia, o seu parque de campismo e pela procissão anual realizada a 15 de Agosto em honra de Nossa Senhora da Vitória, entre Pataias e esta localidade, sendo a viagem realizada em burros, cavalos, tractores agrícolas e bicicletas devidamente decoradas para o evento, em que todas as pessoas podem participar desde que tenham o seu veículo devidamente decorado.

História

O topónimo "Paredes" é relativamente comum e regra geral indica que os povoadores que lhes deram os nomes encontraram "paredes" ou "muros", isto é, ruínas de povoados anteriores, de cujo nome não havia memória.

Assim, Paredes da Vitória, Vale de Paredes e praia das Paredes são topónimos que designam a mesma povoação, situada no litoral norte do concelho de Alcobaça, freguesia de Pataias.

As referências à povoação são muito antigas, existindo mesmo vestígios na Serra d'Aire e dos Candeeiros de uma estrada romana (Estrada Romana da Carreirancha - Alqueidão da Serra) datada entre os séculos I a.C. e I d.C., que faria a ligação entre Tomar, o porto de Paredes, Collipo (Leiria) e Conimbriga.

A importância do porto de Paredes assumiria grande importância já nos séculos XII e XIII, e mais tarde sob domínio do Couto Cisterciense do Mosteiro de Alcobaça, a partir do qual seriam exportados os produtos agrícolas da região.

D. Dinis, o Rei Lavrador, concede foral ao porto de Paredes em 1282 (17 de Dezembro de 1282). Este primeiro foral era uma carta de povoação para 30 moradores, que eram obrigados a ter seis caravelas, pelo menos, preparadas para a pescaria. «Para que acomodassem casa, lhes mandou dar D. Dinis a cada um seu moio [antiga medida equivalente a sessenta alqueires] de trigo». Com este foral, D. Dinis teve em vista, também, defender este sítio da costa, das invasões dos piratas Africanos e Granadinos.

O mesmo D. Dinis concede um segundo foral em 29 de Setembro de 1286 e D. Manuel um terceiro e último foral em 1 de Outubro de 1514.

Por volta do ano de 1340, a vila de Paredes tinha cerca de 348 habitantes.

A 17 de Maio de 1368, a vila foi doada ao Mosteiro de Alcobaça, a mando do rei D. Fernando, com o propósito de as suas rendas recaírem para a salvação da alma de seu pai, D. Pedro I, que jaz nesse mosteiro.

O porto de Paredes progrediu muito até 1500, chegando a atingir os 600 fogos. Alguns historiadores afirmam mesmo que o porto de Paredes possuiu um forte e 17 caravelas para defesa do seu porto. Há inclusivamente registos de que a armada de Vasco da Gama, antes da partida para a Índia, teria aportado aqui para abastecimento de víveres.

No entanto, os ventos fortíssimos nesta região, foram arremassando com tanta força as areias sobre a povoação e o porto, que tudo ficou arrasado. Com esta invasão das areias marítimas, a povoação foi abandonada, ficando aí por única memória uma capela (de Nossa Senhora da Vitória), a casa do eremitão e um moinho.

A povoação de Paredes deslocou-se então para Pataias e para a Pederneira. Há mesmo quem afirme que a Pederneira foi fundada pelos moradores do porto de Paredes, quando no século XVI o porto deixou de ser utilizado por assoreamento pelas areias marítimas. No entanto, cronistas cistercienses são de opinião que a Pederneira já existia no ano de 1190. Seja como for, foi com a chegada dos pescadores de Paredes que a pesca tomou um grande incremento na Pederneira.

O fim do porto de Paredes esteve associado ao seu assoreamento e ao seu desmoronamento devido a uma violenta tempestade na segunda metade do quartel do século XV (1450-1500) e progressiva degradação.

Por volta de 1527 existiam 27 fogos (aproximadamente 100 habitantes) e dez anos mais tarde apenas 14 fogos. Até 1536 Paredes foi freguesia de que dependia Pataias. Nesta data, já «o Capelão de Paredes dizia um domingo de missa em Paredes, outro em Pataias».

Por fim, dado o despovoamento, em 1542, «manda o Visitador, que a paróquia fosse dali em diante em Pataias, que sendo então do termo de Paredes, passou a ser de Alcobaça».

Paredes passa então por um longo período de esquecimento.

No início do século XX, em 1911, estavam identificados 9 fogos e 44 moradores. A principal actividade era a agricultura e a moagem de cereais, patente nas dezenas de moinhos (fluviais) ainda hoje existentes, mas completamente degradados.

Em 1940 foram contabilizados 82 moradores. Desde então, a população diminuiu, contando 65 moradores em 1960, 48 em 1970 e 50 em 1991. A procura da praia, quer por motivos de veraneio, quer por motivos de saúde, contribuíram para a manutenção da população. A localidade foi dotada de escola primária até aos finais da década de 1970, altura em que fecha por falta de alunos.

No princípio da década de 1990, a população residente era de 5 dezenas de habitantes, quase que exclusivamente adultos e idosos.

Geografia

Paredes da Vitória localiza-se na desembocadura do vale da ribeira de Paredes (coordenadas geográficas N 39º69'92.62", W 8º97'72.03"), freguesia de Pataias, concelho de Alcobaça. As curtas distâncias às principais localidades da região (Pataias 7 km, Nazaré 13 km, Marinha Grande 16 km, Alcobaça 24 km,
Batalha 24 km, Leiria 25 km, Porto de Mós 25 km) fazem desta praia um dos principais destinos de veraneio.

Paisagem

A faixa costeira compreendida entre as praias S. Pedro de Moel e Nazaré apresentam uma grande qualidade visual, incluindo areais extensos a perder de vista e praias encaixadas entre as arribas, antecedidas por dunas e arribas de altura e constituição variável.

É neste contexto que se localiza o muito encaixado vale de Paredes que desemboca na vasta praia de Paredes (2,5 km de extensão). A Sul de Paredes da Vitória o relevo é mais acentuado, com arribas altas, muitas vezes, principalmente no Inverno, em contacto directo com o oceano,  cortadas por várias linhas de água que drenam directamente para o mar através de pequenos vales muito encaixados (Vale Furado, Barranco do Marques, Vale do Inácio, Vale da Falca).

Geologia

Na faixa costeira entre S. Pedro de Moel e Paredes da Vitória é possível observar rochas de idade Jurássico Inferior (200 milhões de anos) desde o período Hetangiano até ao Toarciano Inferior.
É visível nas falésias do litoral uma sequência de rochas margosas e calcário-margosas, de cores escuras, particularmente ricas em matéria orgânica e bastante ricas em fósseis (amonites, bivalves e peixes). Nas falésias que se estendem de S. Pedro de Moel até às Paredes da Vitória foram já encontrados vestígios fósseis, nomeadamente um pedaço de um maxilar de um Lusitanaussaurus (dinossauro couraçado da família dos Estegossaurus). Da Mina do Azeiche até Vale Furado, numa extensão de 2 km, são visíveis afloramentos do Cretácio Inferior e Superior (65 a 145 milhões de anos) e do Terciário. Integram arenitos fluviais, calcários e conglomerados, tendo sido encontrados alguns fósseis de répteis e mamíferos nos arenitos. Ainda nestas arribas é possível identificar diversas anomalias geológicas petrográficas e químicas que podem indiciar o impacto de um meteorito (a 300 km para Oeste, em pleno oceano).

Clima
O clima predominante resulta das influências mediterrânica e atlântica. A influência mediterrânica faz-se sentir predominantemente no Verão, estando associada a temperaturas e insolação elevadas a uma quase total ausência de precipitação.

A influência atlântica caracteriza-se pelas superfícies frontais predominantes no Inverno, responsáveis pela maior parte da precipitação. A precipitação média anual oscila entre os 600mm e os 900mm. A distribuição sazonal da precipitação é muito acentuada, concentrando-se no semestre húmido (Outubro-Março) cerca de 75% da precipitação. A um Inverno com temperaturas suaves mas bastante pluvioso, opõe-se um Verão quente e praticamente sem precipitação. Durante os meses estivais, faz-se por vezes sentir, ocasional mas persistentemente, a nortada e a ocorrência de nevoeiros matinais. No Verão, a temperatura média das águas é próxima dos 18°C e a ondulação fraca.

Ligações externas
www.paredesdavitoria.com

Alcobaça (Portugal)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Overview of Hypothalamic Hamartomas
by HopeForHH | Apr 10, 2015 | Research
Management of hypothalamic hamartomas: progress due to alignment of the stars Introduction
Harold L. Rekate, M.D., Neurosurg Focus 30(2) 2011 Journal of Neurosurgery
The evolution of treatment for hypothalamic hamartoma: a personal odyssey
Jeffrey V. Rosenfeld, M.D., M.S., F.R.A.C.S., Neurosurg Focus 30(2) E1 2011 Journal of Neurosurgery
ABSTRACT:The prognosis for patients with hypothalamic hamartoma has improved dramatically over the last 20 years, for 3 main reasons. First, because of improved understanding of the anatomy and pathophysiology of these varied lesions. Second, due to advances in brain imaging and refinements in microsurgery, including the anterior transcallosal interforniceal approach, endoscopic, and skull-base approaches. And third, because of increasing experience with stereotactic radiosurgery, interstitial radiotherapy, and radiofrequency lesioning. Patients with hypothalamic hamartoma should be managed in comprehensive epilepsy centers where the treatments are individualized and concentrated in the hands of surgeons who can perform the full range of surgery, including approaches to the third ventricle. Total seizure-freedom rates of 52% to 66% have been achieved with surgery.
Gelastic Seizures Associated with Hypothalamic Hamartomas
An Update in the Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis and Treatment, Tellez-Zenteno and others, Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment 2008, Vol 4(6) 1021-1031 © 2008 Dove Press
Surgical Management of Hypothalamic Hamartoma in Patients with Gelastic Epilepsy
Addas and others, Neurosurg. Focus 25(3) E8 2008 © 2008 Journal of Neurosurgery
ABSTRACT: Gelastic epilepsy (GE) associated with hypothalamic hamartomas (HHs) is now a well-characterized clinical syndrome consisting of gelastic seizures starting in infancy, medically refractory seizures with or without the development of multiple seizure types, and behavioral and cognitive decline. It has been postulated that the development of the HHGE syndrome is a result of a progressive epileptic encephalopathy or secondary epileptogenesis, which is potentially reversible with treatment of the HH. A variety of surgical options for the treatment of HHs exist, including open and endoscopic procedures, radiosurgery, interstitial radiotherapy, and stereotactic radiofrequency thermocoagulation. Surgical treatment can result in seizure freedom in up to 50% of patients and can be accompanied by significant improvements in behavior, cognition, and quality of life. Partial treatment of HHs may be sufficient to reduce seizure frequency and improve behavior and quality of life with less risk. A component of reversible cognitive dysfunction may be present in some patients with an HH-GE syndrome.
Introduction to [Hypothalamic Hamartomas]
John Kerrigan, Semin Pediatr Neurol 14:49-50 © 2007 Elsevier Inc


text:
Man United keeping close tabs on Everton forward Richarlison
Manchester United have reportedly outlined their intentions to move for Everton attacker Richarlison ahead of the January transfer window.
United boss Ole Gunnar Solskjaer has placed a strong emphasis on signing a new striker their main target for January following the club's failure to replace Alexis Sanchez and Romelu Lukaku last summer.
Reports have claimed that Juventus's Mario Mandzukic, Red Bull Salzburg's Erling Braut Haaland and Bournemouth's Callum Wilson are among the Man United's January targets.
According to The Evening Standard, Solskjaer is a big fan of Everton forward Richarlison and has urged the management to monitor his situation ahead of the upcoming window.
The 22-year-old forward has impressed with his performances at Goodison Park, scoring 13 Premier League goals – including one against the Red Devils last season.
However, it remains to be seen whether Everton boss Marco Silva will allow the Brazilian to leave in the mid-point of the season as the Merseyside outfit continue to struggle this season.
Related TopicsRicharlison
Real Madrid have reportedly "explored" the possibility of signing Liverpool midfielder Fabinho this summer,...
Report: Man United, Arsenal locked in battle for Dejan Kulusevski
Juventus join Real Madrid in race for Christian Eriksen?


EMBEDDED IN HEART OF ROYAL Rajasthan, Kishangarh Remain an icon of artistry, rega grandeaur, luxury and marble architecture , kishan garh is acity and a municipality in ajmer district. it lies 18 miles north –west of Ajmer. It is well connected via Indian Railways and National Highway No. 8 Connecting it to almost Almost all the major Parts Of The country.
In Recent Year, Kishangarh has come to be Known as the marble city of india, Kishangarh economy mainly depends on the marble trading. Kishan Garh has more then 1000 gang saws 5000 edge cutting machines around 25000 godowns and more than 25000 marble traders and it gives employment to around 1 lak peoples it also have good market for power loom and bali mills sector.
Kishangarh is witnessing huge growth in terms of infrastructure and facilities and the city is well expanding.
Kishangarh is also known the word over for mining and production of marble products. Major Educational hubs like Birla International School, and central university of Rajasthan is situated in kishangarh. The Work Of Airport is also Started and it will boost the development scenario in the area.
Small destinations in the Country will have air connectivity With a network of More than 100 airports planned to meet the expected passenger load capacity of 30 crore by 2020, prime minister manmohan singh Said.
The First Such International Airport Will Come up In Kishangarh Town In Rajasthan'S Ajmer District, he Said After laying the Foundation Stone for the development of the airport Which is Scheduled to get operational by 2018.


text:
import React from 'react';
import { string, func } from 'prop-types';
import { faPlus } from '@fortawesome/free-solid-svg-icons';

import { Wrapper, AddIcon } from './elements';

function NewCard({ className, link, disabled }) {
  return (
    <a {...(!disabled ? { href: link } : {})}>
      <Wrapper className={className}>
        <AddIcon icon={faPlus} disabled={disabled} />
      </Wrapper>
    </a>
  );
}

NewCard.propTypes = {
  className: string,
  onClick: func,
};

export default NewCard;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


How much should a copyright owner pay for improperly telling a web site to remove content?
Stephanie Lenz got into trouble with Universal Music Group in 2007 after she posted a YouTube video of her toddler dancing to the Prince song "Let's Go Crazy." The label fired off a letter demanding removal of the clip and Youtube complied.
Lenz then teamed with online free-speech advocates at the Electronic Frontier Foundation to get a judge to declare that her video was a "fair use" of the song. She then sought damages against Universal, the world's biggest record company, for sending a meritless takedown request.
Universal fought back by raising affirmative defenses that Lenz had bad faith and unclean hands in pursuing damages. Now a California district court judge has rejected those arguments, granting partial summary judgment to Lenz and paving the way for Lenz to collect attorneys fees.


At last the camera is fixed and I have some pictures. These things are never as simple as they seem. In this case I bought a new card for the camera and Jessops only had a 256 megapixel (much larger capacity) version in stock. It worked fine in the camera so I went fishing and took some pictures of the pike that I caught. Then came the problem. When I tried to download the pictures - nothing! I fiddled with the little card reader, fiddled with the computer, fiddled with the camera - still nothing! As chance would have it I had just, that morning, had an email from a friend Ben Lagden. Having read of my flash card plight on the website Ben had offered future help if I needed it. I rang him and to cut a long story short he came over, took the camera and card away, downloaded my pictures, got me a new reader and told me that my old readed was incompatible with the new larger card. Would you believe it?
Anyway, enough of that. As I said I took my spinning rod to the river armed with the 'Bulldog' lure that I tried last year. It was a lovely afternoon, quite mild and windless. I worked my way through a few pools without a sniff just enjoying being out on the bank at last. After twenty minutes or so I got to the pool where my grandson had caught his twenty pounder (on bait) a couple of weeks back. I cast across and retrieved a couple of times then the third cast was along the slack water. Half way back I could see the lure wiggling slowly towards me when wallop! It was grabbed by a big fish that surged away and, in the shallow water, crashed and splashed about alarmingly. Eventually it was subdued and I was able to land it.
It only slightly took the gloss off the catch when I noticed that it was the same fish that young Ben had caught before. Still, at least it was caught using quite different tactics and was the biggest pike I've had on either the rod or the particular lure up to now.


text:
Chilliwack Chiefs
Eagles Senior Girls Basketball
Agassiz Secondary Senior Boys Basketball
Discover Agassiz 2016
2016 Agassiz Fall Fair & Corn Festival
Simone Biles wins vault to tie worlds medal record
Biles successfully defended her vault title on Saturday by sticking the landing on her two vaults
Simone Biles won the women's vault competition at the gymnastics world championships on Saturday to tie the record for most world medals by any gymnast, but couldn't add another in the uneven bars.
Biles successfully defended her vault title on Saturday by sticking the landing on her two vaults, a Cheng and an Amanar, for a score of 15.399. Biles' U.S. teammate Jade Carey took the silver on 14.883, with Ellie Downie of Britain third on 14.816.
That took Biles to 23 career world championship medals, equaling the mark set by Belarusian Vitaly Scherbo for any gymnast, male or female.
The 22-year-old American had the chance to make it 24 in the uneven bars, but couldn't repeat her silver-medal performance from last year and finished fifth.
Belgian uneven bars specialist Nina Derwael retained her world title with a score of 15.233, ahead of Britain's Becky Downie on 15, one of two sisters to win medals Saturday. Sunisa Lee took bronze for the U.S. on 14.8.
Biles scored 14.7, finishing by sticking the landing on a dismount with two flips and two twists. The uneven bars has traditionally been her weakest event and was the only one in which she didn't win a medal at the 2016 Olympics.
Of Biles' 23 world championship medals, 17 are gold against 11 for Scherbo, who won his from 1991 through 1996. Scherbo competed at four world championships, against Biles' five, but the men's program contains more events.
Biles came into the world championships tied as women's record-holder on 20 with Svetlana Khorkina, but broke the tie with team gold Tuesday before winning her fifth individual all-around gold two days later.
A year after becoming the Philippines' first gymnast to win a medal, Carlos Yulo became his country's first world champion with victory in the men's floor exercise.
Last year's bronze medallist , Yulo performed the most difficult routine of any of the eight finalists to score 15.3 and beat Israel's Artem Dolgopyat by one-tenth of a point. Xiao Ruoteng of China took bronze with 14.933.
Yulo said he hoped his win would improve the popularity of gymnastics in the Philippines.
"Filipinos, they like basketball, but we're small. Maybe they should try gymnastics first. It's more fun," said Yulo, who trains in Japan.
Britain's Olympic champion Max Whitlock won his third world title in pommel horse, scoring 15.5 with a near-flawless routine.
Lee Chih-Kai took silver for Taiwan on 15.433, while Rhys McClenaghan won the bronze on 15.4 as the first Irish gymnast ever to compete in a world championship final.
James Ellingworth, The Associated Press
Jordie Lunn, world-renowned B.C. mountain biker, dies in Mexico
PHOTOS: Kipchoge becomes first runner to dip under 2 hours for marathon
Harrison village staff to get additional office space
The village has agreed to spend up to $75,000 of the COVID-19 Safe Restart Grant on a new portable
PHOTOS: Harrison students launch peaceful protest against playground division for MLK day
The kindergarten students negotiated with the school principal to enable recess on both playgrounds
Serial killer housed at Abbotsford's Pacific Institution dies of natural causes
Camille Joseph Cleroux announced dead on Sunday, known as notorious Ottawa serial killer
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text:
Netflix is rolling in revenue after signing up more people than expected
"La Casa de Papel" is Netflix's latest hit series.
From our Obsession
Media are best understood as a competition for attention on internet-connected screens. Phones, tablets, laptops, monitors, TVs—it's all just glass.
By Ashley Rodriguez
April 16, 2018 This article is more than 2 years old.
Twenty years after it launched, people are still signing up for Netflix in droves.
The company crushed analysts' estimates for subscriber additions—the biggest driver of its stock—once again in the first quarter of 2018. The streaming-video giant signed up 7.41 million new streaming subscribers during the quarter, it announced (pdf), up from 4.95 million a year earlier and well ahead of the 6.6 million analysts surveyed by FactSet forecasted. It now has 125 million members worldwide.
Paying customers rose 25% year over year and made up about 95% of Netflix's subscriber base (the remainder use the service's free trial for new members and other offerings). Revenue increased 40%, to $3.7 billion, during the quarter, compared to the year-ago period. It was the fastest pace of growth in the company's streaming history. Earnings were also up 60%.
People flocked to the service in part for shows like Altered Carbon, Queer Eye, and The End of the F***ing World, as well as returning series like Jessica Jones and Santa Clarita Diet, Netflix said. The biggest boost was in international subscribers, who Netflix is designing more original content for. It released the Spanish-language heist drama La Casa de Papel (Money Heist, in English) during the period, and said it became the most watched non-English original series on the platform. The company is also doing more marketing around these originals and experimenting with how to promote them in different parts of the world.
Netflix shares were trading as high as $330 after hours, a 7% lift from Monday's closing price.


text:
Federal Ministry of Works and Housing (FMWH) Federal Republic of Nigeria
Ministry Structure
Highways, Planning & Development
Highways Construction and Rehabilitation
Finance and Accounts
Planning, Research and Statistics
Feedback From Nigerians
Live Stream Event
Finance Conference
National Council on Works
F.O.I
NDPR
Data Subject Consent Form
Data Privacy Policy Website
HIGHWAYS, PLANNING & DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT
ENGR. CHUKWUNWIKE OGBONNA UZO (DIRECTOR HIGHWAYS, PLANNING & DEVELOPMENT)
Engr. Chukwunwike Ogbonna Uzo was born on 29th December, 1962 in Enugu. He hails from Amokwe, Udi Local Government Area of Enugu State. He attended University of Nigeria Primary School, Nsukka, St. Theresa's College, Nsukka, where he obtained his West African School Certificate. He then attended University of Nigeria, Nsukka from 1978 to 1983 and graduated with a B. Eng. (Civil). He did his one year Mandatory Youth Service from 1983 to 1984 in Borno State.
In 1988, Engr. C. O. Uzo joined the services of the Federal Ministry of Works and Housing as Senior Engineer. While scaling through the ranks of Senior Engineer (GL 10) to Assistant Chief Engineer (GL 13) between 1988 and 1996; he was involved in various engineering works. Between October 2000 and May 2005, he served as Engineer's Representative and Federal Controller of Works in Bayelsa State and later in May 2005 he was posted to Cross River State as the Federal Controller of Works and Engineer's Representative on other projects within the State. As Engineer's Representative, he supervised the following projects:-
⦁ Design and Construction of Tombia Bridge across the Nun River in Bayelsa State. (this was a post tensioned box girder bridge); and
⦁ Rehabilitation of Obudu Cattle Ranch Road in Obudu, Cross River State, amongst others.
In 2009, he was promoted to the rank of Deputy Director and was posted as Engineer's Representative on the Dualisation of Abuja-Abaji Road, Section II, where he worked till September, 2011 when he was appointed Acting Director Highways South East Zone. On the 16th of November, 2012 he was posted as Director Highway South South zone and later promoted as substantive Director with effect from 1st January 2013. In August, 2016 he was posted to the Ministry's Headquarters as Director Highways Planning and Development Department, a position he holds up to date.
Engr. Chukwunwike O. Uzo is a member of the Nigerian Society of Engineers (NSE) and registered with the Council for the Regulation of Engineering in Nigeria (COREN) and was honoured with the Ministerial award for outstanding performance in December, 1992. He attended various local and International meetings, training and courses across the world.
He is happily married and blessed with children.
FUNCTIONS OF THE HIGHWAYS, PLANNING & DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT
RESPONSIBILITIES OF HIGHWAYS PLANNING & DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT
The Department of Highway Planning and Development has the responsibility of planning, development and management of all existing Federal road network as well as providing capacity building for workers in the road sector. The Department also liaises with all the other Highways Departments in the Ministry.
FUNCTIONS OF THE DEPARTMENT
The functions of the department are as follows:
⦁ Collation and Preparation of Capital Budget and Programmes for all Highways Departments;
⦁ Management of progress on project sites and preparing programmes for phasing out payment to Contractors/Consultants;
⦁ Management and maintenance of the Management Information Services Unit (MISU);
⦁ Managing the Weighbridge Stations along Federal Highways;
• Right-of-Way Management along Federal Highways nationwide;
• Road Asset Management (RAMS) Unit, Traffic Count.
⦁ Liaising with the Department of Finance and Accounts for reconciliation and up-dating of financial status on all Highways expenditures;
⦁ Liaising with the Department of Finance and Accounts to obtain all documentation of quarterly capital and recurrent receipts of allocations released in respect of all Highways Budgetary provisions
⦁ Preparation of draft annual report and any necessary briefs on behalf of other Highways Departments;
⦁ Preparation of progress reports at established intervals on all the activities of the Highways Departments;
⦁ Organization of Seminars and Conferences on behalf of the Highway Departments in liaison with the relevant Department;
i. Conference of Directors of Civil Engineering
ii. National Council of Works.
⦁ Managing the Highway Training Centres;
⦁ Managing the Highway Registry;
⦁ Liaises with other Departments to collate information requested by Ministries, Departments and agencies, for consideration by the Permanent Secretary;
⦁ Training and development of all Technical staff in Highway Departments in liaison with Human Resource Department;
⦁ Preparation of short, medium and long term plans for the improvement and expansion of the Federal Highway Network;
⦁ Preparation of pre-contract documents received from other Highway Departments and liaise with the Public Procurement Department on tender issues;
⦁ Preparation of Draft Council Memoranda on Highway projects to Federal Executive Council in liaison with PRS Department; and
⦁ Coordination of the activities of Weigh Bridge and Highways Inventory Unit.
ORGANOGRAM HIGHWAYS, PLANNING & DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT
DUALIZATION OF LOKOJA - BENIN ROAD: OBAJANA JUNCTION - BENIN SECTION II: OKENE – AUCHI, IN KOGI & EDO STATES
DUALIZATION OF LOKOJA - BENIN ROAD: OBAJANA JUNCTION - BENIN SECTION II: OKENE – AUCHI, IN KOGI & EDO STATES - CONTRACT No. 6136. Contractor: Mothercat Ltd.
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FASHOLA DELIVERS THE 10TH CONVOCATION LECTURE OF AL -HIKMAH UNIVERSITY, ILORIN, KWARA STATE
Hon. Minister of Works & Housing and Guest Lecturer, Mr Babatunde Fashola,SAN(right) and the Kwara State Federal Controller of Works, Engr. Wasiu Atitebi shortly after the Hon.Minister delivered the 10th Convocation Lecture of Al- Hikmah University on, " University Education, Entrepreneurship and Employment Prospects: Survival Imperatives in Post COVID-19," at the University Auditorium, Ilorin,Kwara State on Friday, 4th December 2020