This past weekend my family went to a birthday party for the daughter of our good friends. It was all the wonderful things you'd expect when a little gal turns two; balloons, crafts, laughter, Minnie Mouse decor.
Teagan approached the situation the way she normally does when she is unsure of her surroundings – standing back and watching the other children, playing with toys out of the way of the hustle and bustle, and sticking close to her father, sister, or myself. As much as I would love to see her get in the mix with the other children, she seemed happy – so that was fine with me.
I felt I hit it out of the park when present opening came – our gift, a six foot crawling tube, was immediately taken out of the box, and all the kiddos scrambled to take turns worming their way through (okay, okay, mother of the birthday girl gave me the idea – Caitlin, you get all the credit). Teagan wanted to go through, but as we approached the opening, I could tell she was intimidated by the boisterousness of all the other littles rushing in and out. Even though we didn't speak, I feel that together she and I decided we'd wait for things to calm down a bit, and then she would take her turn. In the meantime, there was cake and ice cream to eat!
My heart jumped into my throat a bit and my body went a little numb. I look up from the plate of birthday goodies to the the question asker, a boy of six years or so (I think, I'm really bad at guessing ages), who is observing Teagan with a curious look on his face. I know this type of question will be a part of my life, but as much I've thought about it, it's still a bit of a shock to hear. Maybe this will change as time goes on. It isn't a shock because I mind the question, but because I don't know exactly how to answer it.
Because at home, T is quite noisy. And often times she says things that maybe not everyone would be able to understand, but I know what she is saying. Her speech pathologist recently did an assessment of her progress, and she is a year and a half or so behind where she should be. This might be a surprise, but I'm actually quite happy about this…for a while I didn't think she'd ever talk at all! And besides all that, when you're dealing with a disability that is so rare, how deep do you go with your explanation – no matter what the age of the questioner?
"Oh!" He says, "Like Ella at my school!" And goes back to his own plate of cake.
I know it won't always be that easy. I know kids won't always be that kind. But for this little dude, an answer was all he wanted, and then he was happy to move on.
And thanks to him, I get to put a check next to "Answering Questions I Don't Know How To Answer" on my list of things I'm nervous about for the future.


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Community wide interventions for increasing physical activity
Not having enough physical activity leads to poorer health. Regular physical activity can reduce the risk of chronic disease and improve one's health and wellbeing. The lack of physical activity is a common and in some cases a growing health problem. To address this, 33 studies have used improvement activities directed at communities, using more than one approach in a single program. When we first looked at the available research in 2011 we observed that there was a lack of good studies which could show whether this approach was beneficial or not. Some studies claimed that community wide programs improved physical activities and other studies did not. In this update we found four new studies that were of good quality; however none of these four studies increased physical activity levels for the population. Some studies reported program level effects such as observing more people walking, however the population level of physical activity had not increased. This review found that community wide interventions are very difficult to undertake, and it appears that they usually fail to provide a measurable benefit in physical activity for a population. It is apparent that many of the interventions failed to reach a substantial portion of the community, and we speculate that some single strategies included in the combination may lack individual effectiveness.
Although numerous studies have been undertaken, there is a noticeable inconsistency of the findings in the available studies and this is confounded by serious methodological issues within the included studies. The body of evidence in this review does not support the hypothesis that the multi-component community wide interventions studied effectively increased physical activity for the population, although some studies with environmental components observed more people walking.
Multi-strategic community wide interventions for physical activity are increasingly popular but their ability to achieve population level improvements is unknown.
To evaluate the effects of community wide, multi-strategic interventions upon population levels of physical activity.
We searched the Cochrane Public Health Group Segment of the Cochrane Register of Studies, The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, MEDLINE in Process, EMBASE, CINAHL, LILACS, PsycINFO, ASSIA, the British Nursing Index, Chinese CNKI databases, EPPI Centre (DoPHER, TRoPHI), ERIC, HMIC, Sociological Abstracts, SPORTDiscus, Transport Database and Web of Science (Science Citation Index, Social Sciences Citation Index, Conference Proceedings Citation Index). We also scanned websites of the EU Platform on Diet, Physical Activity and Health; Health-Evidence.org; the International Union for Health Promotion and Education; the NIHR Coordinating Centre for Health Technology (NCCHTA); the US Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and NICE and SIGN guidelines. Reference lists of all relevant systematic reviews, guidelines and primary studies were searched and we contacted experts in the field. The searches were updated to 16 January 2014, unrestricted by language or publication status.
Cluster randomised controlled trials, randomised controlled trials, quasi-experimental designs which used a control population for comparison, interrupted time-series studies, and prospective controlled cohort studies were included. Only studies with a minimum six-month follow up from the start of the intervention to measurement of outcomes were included. Community wide interventions had to comprise at least two broad strategies aimed at physical activity for the whole population. Studies which randomised individuals from the same community were excluded.
At least two review authors independently extracted the data and assessed the risk of bias. Each study was assessed for the setting, the number of included components and their intensity. The primary outcome measures were grouped according to whether they were dichotomous (per cent physically active, per cent physically active during leisure time, and per cent physically inactive) or continuous (leisure time physical activity time (time spent)), walking (time spent), energy expenditure (as metabolic equivalents or METS)). For dichotomous measures we calculated the unadjusted and adjusted risk difference, and the unadjusted and adjusted relative risk. For continuous measures we calculated percentage change from baseline, unadjusted and adjusted.
After the selection process had been completed, 33 studies were included. A total of 267 communities were included in the review (populations between 500 and 1.9 million). Of the included studies, 25 were set in high income countries and eight were in low income countries. The interventions varied by the number of strategies included and their intensity. Almost all of the interventions included a component of building partnerships with local governments or non-governmental organisations (NGOs) (29 studies). None of the studies provided results by socio-economic disadvantage or other markers of equity. However, of those included studies undertaken in high income countries, 14 studies were described as being provided to deprived, disadvantaged or low socio-economic communities. Nineteen studies were identified as having a high risk of bias, 10 studies were unclear, and four studies had a low risk of bias. Selection bias was a major concern with these studies, with only five studies using randomisation to allocate communities. Four studies were judged as being at low risk of selection bias although 19 studies were considered to have an unclear risk of bias. Twelve studies had a high risk of detection bias, 13 an unclear risk and four a low risk of bias. Generally, the better designed studies showed no improvement in the primary outcome measure of physical activity at a population level.
All four of the newly included, and judged to be at low risk of bias, studies (conducted in Japan, United Kingdom and USA) used randomisation to allocate the intervention to the communities. Three studies used a cluster randomised design and one study used a stepped wedge design. The approach to measuring the primary outcome of physical activity was better in these four studies than in many of the earlier studies. One study obtained objective population representative measurements of physical activity by accelerometers, while the remaining three low-risk studies used validated self-reported measures. The study using accelerometry, conducted in low income, high crime communities of USA, emphasised social marketing, partnership with police and environmental improvements. No change in the seven-day average daily minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity was observed during the two years of operation. Some program level effect was observed with more people walking in the intervention community, however this result was not evident in the whole community. Similarly, the two studies conducted in the United Kingdom (one in rural villages and the other in urban London; both using communication, partnership and environmental strategies) found no improvement in the mean levels of energy expenditure per person per week, measured from one to four years from baseline. None of the three low risk studies reporting a dichotomous outcome of physical activity found improvements associated with the intervention.
Overall, there was a noticeable absence of reporting of benefit in physical activity for community wide interventions in the included studies. However, as a group, the interventions undertaken in China appeared to have the greatest possibility of success with high participation rates reported. Reporting bias was evident with two studies failing to report physical activity measured at follow up. No adverse events were reported.The data pertaining to cost and sustainability of the interventions were limited and varied.
Public health interventions for increasing physical activity in children, adolescents and adults: an overview of systematic reviews
Exercise for people with increased cardiovascular risk
Interventions for increasing eating of fruit and vegetables in children aged five years and under
Interventions outside the workplace for reducing sedentary behaviour in adults under 60
Do diet and physical activity strategies help prevent obesity in children (aged 0 to 18 years)?
Child health > Public health > Increasing physical activity
Heart & circulation > Heart disease prevention > Lifestyle
Public health > Increasing physical activity
Baker PRA, Francis DP, Soares J, Weightman AL, Foster C
Public Health Group
of this Review
cochranejournalclub.com
Baker PRA, Francis DP, Soares J, Weightman AL, Foster C. Community wide interventions for increasing physical activity. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2015, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD008366. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD008366.pub3

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Team AlphaGears from Mangalore Institute of Technology and Engineering won the Platinum prize of Rs. 10 lakhs for their project on Frictionless Gear Transmission System for Vehicles using Polymagnets
The 3rd edition of the design and development innovation contest, in collaboration with College of Engineering, Pune (COEP), received 1,500 ideas on the theme of Smart Cities from over 10,500 engineering and science students across India
35 best teams presented prototypes of their solutions in the grand finale; Prize money worth over Rs. 20 lakhs and nationwide recognition for winning teams
Pune, India, February 19, 2017; KPIT (BSE: 532400; NSE: KPIT), a global technology company specializing in IT consulting and product engineering, announced the winners of KPIT Sparkle 2017, a national design and development innovation contest for engineering and science students. The theme of the competition in this edition was on Smart Cities and centred on creating solutions for Smart Transportation and Smart Infrastructure using technology. Into its third year, Sparkle 2017 received 1,500 ideas from over 10,500 students across 300 colleges in India. The 35 shortlisted teams exhibited their solutions through working prototypes at the grand finale, held on 18th and 19th February 2017, at the Deccan College Ground in Pune.
The winners of the contest were evaluated by a panel of eminent jurors and announced at an award ceremony on 19 th February, 2017, where cash prizes of over INR 20 Lakhs were awarded to them. The award ceremony was presided by Union Minister for Human Resources Development (HRD), Shri Prakash Javadekar as the Guest of Honor. Padmashree Dr. Kiran Karnik, Former President, NASSCOM was the chief guest.
On display, at the finals, were some interesting and novel projects in areas such as urban mobility, autonomous vehicles, smart electric vehicles and self-learning bots, clean and efficient fuels technology, solutions to recover and clean oil spills, coherent use of energy from plants, wind, solar and waste water and separation of plastics from waste.
Platinum prize winner
Winner Talk
Team AlphaGears from Mangalore Institute of Technology and Engineering won the Platinum prize of Rs. 10 lakhs for their project on frictionless gear transmission system for vehicles using Polymagnets. This solution will overcome the drawbacks of present day mechanical gear system.
Gold prize winner
Team Robo-X-Prime from R. C. Patel Institute of Technology, Shirpur, Maharashtra won the Gold prize for developing a robot for Power Transmission Line Inspection.
Silver prize winners
Team Robo-Climb from College of Engineering, Pune (COEP) for their autonomous vehicle solution called Wall Climbing Robot, which can be used for this robot for transportation of goods as well as passengers over the distance.
Team Traffic Eye from Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani for their project Traffic Eye to check traffic violations.
Most Popular project award winner
The Most Popular project award went to Team Humanoids from Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar for their project on Exhaust Gas Emission Control device using Plasma Technology which results in less electric power consumption with no harmful gases discharged in the environment.
Ravi Pandit, Co-founder, Chairman & Group CEO, KPIT said, "We are extremely pleased to see the ideas being presented at the competition evolve every year. The development of smart cities will be pivotal in achieving economic and social advancement of the country, and also give opportunities for bright young minds to design innovative solutions to make our growing urban ecosystem sustainable. Our heartiest congratulations to the winners and all the participating students for their passion and enthusiasm in coming up with ideas that have the potential to radically change the way our cities function."
Dr. Mashelkar, Chairman of the Innovation Committee, KPIT said, "Sparkle has grown into a significant platform to foster engineering and science talent from students across the country. The ideas that I saw this year are not only impressive but relevant in solving the real problems that are pertinent in today's context. I congratulate the winners and wish to tell all the participants to continue to work towards developing more such disrupting solutions."
The selected finalists will be also invited for job and internship opportunities at KPIT. For more information visit: https://sparkle.kpit.com/


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LEFT: Georgetown Hoya's Get One Over DePaul, World Reacts
With the Georgetown Hoyas beating the DePaul Blue Demons on Tuesday night, 81-76, to end a 29-game conference-record losing streak, many fans feel like both nothing changes and everything changes, simultaneously. It is perfectly fine to be glad to see Patrick Ewing and the Hoyas finally get a win while maintaining a suitably surly attitude about the overall state of the program. "Relief" might be the right word for many Hoyas fans but these Georgetown athletes should be praised for their toughness accordingly. Closing that chapter is important and hopefully breaking the streak allows them to have a little more fun, relax on and off the court, and trust each other a bit more.
As stated in the game recap and elsewhere, the Hoyas stayed aggressive, kept driving, and made their free throws when it counted. Not every game will allow this approach and not every opponent will reward an aggressive team with a plethora of fouls. The modern college game is different from the NBA or even college ball from the 2010s (or 1980s). But, that night, driving to the hole worked for the Hoyas.
There was no great epiphany in strategy that led to the win. Georgetown's defense got some stops at the right times and anchored two solid second-half runs, but there were few answers in the waning minutes as DePaul had a 13-6 run to finish the game. It was good to see Akok moving and communicating well. However, this is still not the defense of Ewing's 2021 team, let alone a squad led by a coach named Thompson or Esherick.
Offensively, if there were any key improvements that urged the win they might be seen in shot selection. The emphasis on keeping the Blue Demons in foul trouble led to fewer lower-percentage, mid-range jumpers. There were still a lot of longer jump shots, but the shots that were taken by Murray and Spears were typically from preferred spots from possessions that almost looked like sets.
Georgetown only had 13 assists, which probably typifies the drive-and-get-fouled offensive approach, but recent games against Xavier (31 assists, 9 TOs) and Marquette (29 assists, 9 TOs) yielded higher shooting percentages. The Hoyas looked a bit more comfortable moving the ball and only had three second-half turnovers (Spears, Riley, and Wahab). The tight loss at Villanova yielded only 9 assists (only 7 TOs) but the Hoyas had their highest filed goal percentage (53.8%) since beating Green Bay (61%). Moving the ball is still the best approach, moving forward.
Akok Akok: "Game by game, it's kind of frustrating. It was the same result every game, but coach Ewing he just kept emphasizing the message of staying in the fight, keep believing. Some of the points he made was having pride in wearing the Georgetown jersey."
— Patrick Stevens (@D1scourse) January 25, 2023
Three point shooting has not been good for the Hoyas recently. In 10 games of conference play, Georgetown has made only 52 of 174 attempts (29.9%). They were 4 for 15 against DePaul. That's not good enough to win in the BIG EAST. Jay Heath (still recovering) has the highest percentage this season (38.5%), with Wayne Bristol (37.1%) as second and Brandon Murray (36.1%), Jordan Riley (31.6%) and Bryson Mozone 31.3%) following. Akok Akok (19-66; 28.8%) needs to take those opportune threes, as does Primo Spears (14-54, 26%)—but the perimeter shots have to come off a pass, not a dribble.
Perhaps with the first win the team can now shake off some pressure and focus on improving their teamwork and communication.
Here are the links:
Georgetown finally won a Big East game. The Hoyas still need a change. | The Washington Post
"We have not stopped believing," Ewing said, and that's admirable. "Sometimes you need to just pop the cork or pop the seal. We popped the seal tonight. We have 10 more games to go. So we can get ourselves right back in the hunt."
A rare reason for optimism Tuesday night. But it doesn't change the reality of the situation. In the four years when he became one of the greatest player in the college game's history, Ewing lost 23 games total. Twenty-nine in a row in a conference it helped bring to prominence isn't erased because the Blue Demons allowed Georgetown 41 foul shots and went 11 of 19 from the line themselves.
"Coach Ewing, he just kept emphasizing the message, just stay in the fight," said junior forward Akok Akok, a transfer from Connecticut. "Keep believing. … Pride, and having pride in wearing the Georgetown jersey. That's a couple of things that are important in our program."
But the losing, it wears on everybody. Ewing is not in his first season trying to resurrect his alma mater. He's in his sixth.
Went to Georgetown-DePaul Tuesday night. The Hoyas avoided what would have been their 30th straight Big East loss. But that doesn't alter what's obvious: The Hoyas need a change. https://t.co/DCrpRmXiHI
— Barry Svrluga (@barrysvrluga) January 25, 2023
Patrick Ewing, Georgetown snap 29-game Big East losing streak | NJ (Adam Zagoria)
"Finally, we got one," Ewing told reporters with a smile. "My team worked extremely hard…
"I've won pretty much everywhere that I've been so losing is not something that I'm familiar with. It's all about getting up. When you get knocked down, you can't stay down. You have to continue to get up. I kept getting up every day. My team kept getting up every day and kept on fighting."
Ewing's team set a new record for futility by going 0-19 last season and then dropped their first nine league games this season.
Georgetown outscored DePaul 17-9 to open the second half, taking a 53-46 lead. DePaul held Georgetown without a field goal for a four minute stretch that put the Blue Demons ahead one, 58-57. From there, the Hoyas responded and took a 60-58 lead that they would not relinquish.
Georgetown beats DePaul, ends 29-game Big East losing streak under Patrick Ewing dating to 2021 | YAHOO
Sophomore guard Primo Spears led the way on Tuesday with 21 points, six assists and four rebounds. Georgetown allowed DePaul to shoot 49.2% from the field and 46.7% (7 of 15) from 3-point distance. But the Hoyas found their edge with volume at the free throw line, where they they connected on 27 of 41 (65.9%) attempts, more than doubling DePaul's 11-of-19 (57.9%) output at the stripe. Georgetown limited itself to seven turnovers while DePaul gave up the ball 12 times.
The Hoyas will look to make it a two-game winning streak when they visit St. John's on Sunday.
Final: Georgetown 81, DePaul 76
Ewing and the Hoyas win their first Big East game since 2021. Blue Demons were poor on the defensive end, couldn't stop fouling and the offense went cold late.
The worst loss of the Tony Stubblefield era. Gibson was the only bright spot with 24.
— Lawrence Kreymer (@kreyme8) January 25, 2023
Georgetown snaps 29-game Big East losing streak with win over DePaul | The Athletic
So here's the thing about being Georgetown, a formerly big bad program that relished its role as a basketball bully for the better part of three decades: when you're terrible, no one is going to feel bad for you. And so when you are at the lowest point in your modern basketball history, in the midst of a 29-game Big East losing streak, and when you do finally break it, in what is otherwise a moment of relief and even joy for players, coaches, and fans, everyone is just going to make fun of you even more.
And so it was during and after Tuesday night's win over DePaul: a deluge of Twitter irony and digital Bronx cheers that put the spotlight on the Hoyas in a way that almost felt worse than if they had just quietly lost another conference game. Still, obviously, better to win.
Georgetown snaps 29-game Big East losing streak with win over DePaul | NYPOST
The Hoyas won for the first time in Big East play since March 13, 2021, when they beat Creighton to capture the conference tournament championship. The win Tuesday, which ended the longest skid in the history of the conference, also snapped a 10-game losing streak this season.
After the surprise conference title, the Hoyas finished 0-19 in the Big East last season, leading to calls for Georgetown legend Ewing to be fired.
Georgetown snaps 29-game losing streak in Big East play as Hoyas hang on for victory over DePaul | CBS
While the win will do nothing to alleviate the pressure on sixth-year coach Patrick Ewing, it is a nice reward for the Hoyas' roster. Primo Spears led the way with 21 points on 7-of-17 shooting against the Blue Demons while Brandon Murray and Akok Akok each added 12. Georgetown hit 27 of 41 free throws in the game as DePaul was whistled for a whopping 30 fouls.
Three DePaul players fouled out, and another two ended the game with four fouls. The foul-fest made for a game that was not aesthetically pleasing, but any win is a good win for Georgetown at this point, and this was the Hoyas' first victory since Dec. 7.
Georgetown ends 29-game losing skid in Big East at DePaul's expense | Field Level Media
Umoja Gibson finished with 24 points on 8-for-11 (72.7 percent) shooting, Javan Johnson added 13 points and Da'Sean Nelson had nine points off the bench for the Blue Demons (9-12, 3-7), who had their three-game win streak against the Hoyas snapped.
Georgetown made seven of its first 11 field-goal attempts of the second half to flip a 37-36 deficit into a 55-46 lead with 12:44 remaining as DePaul battled foul trouble with four of their starters logging at least three personals.
The Blue Demons battled back with a 12-2 push to take a one-point lead entering the under-eight timeout. Both sides jostled for a cushion until Akok Akok drilled a corner three to put the Hoyas ahead 65-60 with 5:29 to play.
Georgetown snaps 29-game Big East losing streak with 81-76 win over DePaul | DePaulia
DePaul went into halftime with a 37-36 lead over Georgetown and before Tuesday's loss, the Blue Demons were undefeated on the year when leading opponents at the break.
The second half started off slowly for the Blue Demons and they were out-scored by the Hoyas 17-9 in the first few minutes, taking a 53-46 lead.
Late in the second half, the Hoyas went on a 12-0 run and held the Blue Demons' offense scoreless for nearly three minutes.
Just as the game seemed out of reach, DePaul made it interesting, with a run of his own.
DePaul scored off a fast break layup by Gibson, followed by a three-point make from junior guard Caleb Murphy, but Georgetown clinched the game on a pair of free throws with under 10 seconds remaining, sealing up the 81-76 final score.
A lot of Hoyas fans are snarking on this photo, but they look like they're happy and having fun. Sports are supposed to be fun. So, to me, it's just nice to see them all smiling for a day.
enjoy it And then, back to work. And get some more wins. #HoyaSaxa https://t.co/hdAsrJ1Fi6
— John Biemer (@john_biemer) January 25, 2023
History! | The Big Big East Blog
Georgetown was already eliminated from contention for a regular season title and an at-large NCAA bid entering this game, yet Ewing's team kept fighting. Even on Saturday on the road at then number 8 Xavier, the Hoyas weren't out of that contest until the closing minutes. Through most of the second half, it looked like DePaul was a three pointer or two from hanging another loss on the Hoyas yet the men in gray persisted.
The Blue Demons were not the only losers leaving Capitol One Arena, the men in striped shirts also struggled. John Gaffney, Jeffrey Anderson, and Tommy Morrisey took matters into their own hands calling 48 fouls (30 on DePaul). While it didn't necessarily impact the result as Georgetown was the better team, it's a reminder once again the questionable quality of referees in the Big East (and college basketball as a whole).
Happy for you all. Hoya Saxa.
— Scott Van Pelt (@notthefakeSVP) January 25, 2023
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A dance-fueled 'Billy Elliot at Shea's
Ben Cook, Janet Dickinson and Samantha Blaire Cutler in "Billy Elliot" at Shea's Performing Arts Center.
By Colin Dabkowski|Published Thu, Sep 27, 2012
As film-to-stage adaptations go, Stephen Daldry's "Billy Elliot" could hardly have been a better candidate.
The movie, released in 2000 to torrents of critical and popular applause, is a perfectly plotted tale of talent blossoming in harsh circumstances. It is emotionally canny in the best possible sense, fraught with tension, backed by an excellent soundtrack and centered on a character whose story speaks to the creative drive in all of us.
So it is not surprising that a group of producers got together to create "Billy Elliot the Musical," which opened a six-day run in Shea's Performing Arts Center on Tuesday night. In a series of smart moves, they enlisted Daldry to direct, original screenwriter Lee Hall to write the book and Peter Darling to expand on the ebullient choreography he dreamed up for the film.
With the original creative team on board, things seemed to be shaping up nicely. But then, in a decision that boggles the mind, the producers decided to hire one of the least adventurous composers working musical theater today.
The show's tepid and uninspiring score by Elton John - the partner of "Billy Elliot" producer David Furnish - does its best to blunt the impact of this otherwise consummately executed musical. If not for his contribution, this might have been one of the great shows to emerge from London's West End in the early 21st century.
The score features exactly two songs of any redeeming value: the comic "Merry Christmas, Maggie Thatcher" and the second-act ballad "Electricity," sung by the title character. The rest is dumbed-down Kander and Ebb, boilerplate ballads and half-hearted pastiches that misinterpret the show's emotional content at worst or serve as unobtrusive elevator music at best.
One of the best numbers, a dream sequence pas de deux between Billy and an adult ballet dancer, was set to Tchaikovsky's "Swan Lake." It's a wonder John allowed the late Russian composer's work into the show at all rather than replacing it with some rehash of "Candle in the Wind."
The best way to approach this show is to ignore the score and focus on the visual elements, much in the same way you might mute a TV football broadcast to avoid bad color commentary.
The brilliance of this show, which tells the story of an aspiring ballet dancer in a small coal-mining town in Northern England in the midst of the 1984 U.K. miners' strike, lies largely in Darling's choreography. His work in the film was already ingenious, but in the musical it is, in many places, downright transcendent.
Darling gives us a ballet class full of spastic girls executing hilarious moves that barely classify as ballet, the better to emphasize young Billy's comparative grace and talent. He choreographed an elegant dream sequence in which a group of men - each of whom represents the late, abusive husband of Billy's grandmother (the excellent Patti Perkins) - dances with chairs in slow motion before emitting simultaneous puffs of smoke and gracefully escaping through a pair of windows.
He presents the striking montage of "Solidarity," in which riot police, incensed miners and tutu-wearing ballerinas share the stage, and Billy's "Angry Dance," a borderline-psychedelic display of frustration at his family's refusal to let him pursue his dream. And there is that glorious, imaginary pas de deux, which Billy executes with an older version of himself, played gracefully by University at Buffalo graduate Christopher Howard.
In Tuesday's performance, Billy was played by Ben Cook, whose performances of "Electricity" and "Angry Dance" were stunning exhibitions of vocal and physical talent. (He switches off with three other boys playing Billy throughout the run.) As Billy's cross-dressing best friend Michael, Sam Poon (who himself switches off with fellow actor Jake Kitchin) was a total riot. And Rich Herbert, as Billy's gruff father, turns in an alternately cantankerous and sensitive performance.
In the end, John's sub-par work holds this show back from perfection. But even so, Darling's magnificent work and these gifted performers help the rest of the show to succeed for the same reason Billy Elliot himself does: because of a joyful, uncomplicated love for dance.
"Billy Elliot the Musical"
3 stars (Out of four)
Musical presented through Sunday in Shea's Performing Arts Center, 646 Main St. Tickets are $27.50 to $67.50. Call (800) 745-3000 or visit www.sheas.org.
email: cdabkowski@buffnews.com
Colin Dabkowski – Colin Dabkowski is a digital editor for The Buffalo News. Before that, he was The News' arts critic, responsible for covering visual art and theater in Western New York.


MOSCOW/KIEV (Reuters) - Russian gas flows to Europe through Ukraine shut down completely on Wednesday, reducing power to industries and homes in south-east Europe and disrupting supplies to major economies.
The shutdown, triggered by a price dispute between Moscow and Kiev, hit gas supplies as far West as France and Germany as Europe faced freezing mid-winter temperatures.
"Russia, which supplies 80 percent of its gas to Europe through Ukraine, has left Europe without gas. There is zero transit," said Valentin Zemlyansky, a spokesman for Ukrainian state energy firm Naftogaz.
Russian gas export monopoly Gazprom blamed Ukraine for the closure, and said it was raising supplies to the European Union and Turkey via alternative routes.
Despite those measures, the Ukraine shutdown cut Russia's supplies to Europe — which depends on Russia for a quarter of its gas supplies — by half.
Austria, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland and Romania said their supplies were halted, joining a growing list of countries which have seen the flow of gas via Ukraine cut off. Some said they were getting Russian gas through other routes.
Several countries have taken emergency measures to eke out dwindling fuel reserves by switching to other energy sources.
The International Energy Agency said Bulgaria, Romania, Greece and Turkey would have difficulty providing electricity and heating if the cold weather and gas disruptions continued next week.
The reduction in supplies started on January 1 when Russia reduced gas volumes to Ukraine in a dispute over debts and gas prices, and has been sharper and more prolonged than a similar shutdown in January 2006.
The European Union presidency, which had earlier said it would prefer not to intervene in a dispute between two energy companies, said on Wednesday it would take a more forceful approach unless the gas was flowing again by Thursday.
"If supplies are not resumed by tomorrow, we will have to see stronger intervention from both the EU presidency and the EU as such," said Czech Prime Minister Mirek Topolanek, whose country holds the EU presidency.
The EU has a limited ability to act and it has failed to reduce its use of Russian energy because of internal divisions and the lack of alternatives. Some member states have bilateral energy deals with Russia, undermining hopes of a united front.
Ukraine's Naftogaz chief Oleh Dubyna said he would go to Moscow on Thursday for talks with Gazprom CEO Alexei Miller, but both sides traded blame and there was no sign Moscow and Kiev were closer to resolving the row over pricing and transit fees.
"I consider it necessary... to immediately resume the uninterrupted transit of Russian gas to European consumers in the volumes that were being transported before December 31," Ukraine's pro-Western President Viktor Yushchenko wrote in a letter to Russian President Dmitry Medvedev late on Tuesday.
In a separate letter to European Commission chief Jose Manuel Barroso, Yushchenko asked the EU to use all efforts to start talks to end the crisis, which has further dented investor confidence in his country.
The cost of protecting Ukrainian debt against restructuring or default rose to 54.75 percent on an upfront basis, meaning an investor buying protection for $10 million (£6 million) of Ukrainian debt must pay $5.475 million plus $500,000 a year for five years.
So far eastern and central Europe have borne the brunt of the row, with Bulgaria cutting or suspending supplies to industrial users. Two fertiliser companies halted production.
Thousands of Bulgarian households spent a freezing night without central heating because utilities need time to switch to alternative fuels, municipal officials said. Schools were shut and some companies were closed on Wednesday.
The Hungarian unit of Japanese car maker Suzuki, one of Hungary's biggest exporters, halted production after Hungary imposed restrictions on industrial users of gas, a Suzuki spokeswoman said.
The euro zone's major economies have escaped significant economic repercussions, but France has reported a drop in supplies and an Italian industry ministry spokesman said Italy has begun tapping its stockpiles of natural gas.
German energy provider E.ON Ruhrgas reported a drastic decline in incoming Russian gas deliveries, although no industry or households would be short of gas. But it has warned that prolonged cuts combined with a cold spell could cause shortages.
High energy users like aluminium, glass and metals makers could be hurt by a lengthy crisis.


text:
ex libris magnis
one Christian's journey through literature
The Third Decade (2017-2026)
Without Repetition
British radio game shows are amazing. No money or dumb contestants. Just clever people from a country known for extemporaneous wit, playing a game with such panache that listeners stay enraptured by the entertaining volley of ingenuity. If the phrase "game show" brings recollections of Let's Make a Deal to mind, think instead of Whose Line is it Anyway? (which started across the pond), and you'll be on the right track.
My favorite programme is Just a Minute, a panel show on BBC Radio 4 whose run has lasted now for forty-three years. In this contest, four participants try speaking on a given subject for sixty seconds without hesitation, repetition, or deviation. The first and third infractions would eliminate almost any American from the challenge: those in this country who can talk without pause almost never stick to a topic named for them. But the second offense is what fascinates me, as players attempt astonishing feats of verbal gymnastics in order to avoid saying a word twice. Someone having mentioned pants may try "trousers" on the second pass and "breeches" on the third, but what is he to use on the fourth? "Coverings for the lower extremities"? Often the solution involves something like "the aforementioned article of clothing." Of course the other two rules don't always allow for careful thought and eloquent phraseology; Paul Merton once followed up "gravy" with "meat liquid."
The English language offers and has a preference for fresh and varied vocabulary. It's not that every author has to be a master of slightly rare words, like Dickens, or the inventor of entire new lexicons, like Shakespeare. It is enough to be able to get through a paragraph without reiterating what has once been written. I'm enjoying Thackeray's Henry Esmond for, among other virtues, its creator's command of this very skill. Consider this sentence:
These happy days were to end soon, however; and it was by Lady Castlewood's own decree that they were brought to a conclusion.
The switch from active voice to passive makes way for the substitution of "end" with "conclusion," and the result delights with the classically conceived beauty of unity in variety. Soon afterward we read:
Tom Tusher's talk was of nothing but Cambridge now; and the boys, who were good friends, examined each other eagerly about their progress in books. Tom had learned some Greek and Hebrew, besides Latin, in which he was pretty well skilled, and also had given himself to mathematical studies under his father's guidance, who was a proficient in those sciences, of which Esmond knew nothing.
How many ways of expressing the ideas of knowledge and learning do we find? "Cambridge," "progress," "books," "skilled," "studies," "guidance," "proficient," "sciences," and "knew" skip through the passage like a well-practiced team shuffling a ball effortlessly back and forth without a misstep. In the presence of a master, my humble hazard at the challenge sounds lumpy and awkward.
Some historical episodes of Just a Minute are available on CD, and selected recent offerings can be heard on BBC Radio 4's website.
Posted by Ken Stephenson at 12:09 PM
Labels: William Makepeace Thackeray
Socrates Had Potential
Freedom and Coincidence
The Audience is Mad
How the West Was Lost
Bonhoeffer's Ultimate and Penultimate
Plato and I Have Our Feet in a Brook
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Vive la difference!
When Bad Things Happen to Good Greeks
Some of Ken's Favorite Posts from exlibrismagnis
Dining with Dr. Johnson Again
Dickens's Christmas Encounters
The Dramatic Death of Julius Caesar
She's a Funny Girl, That Belle
A Wholesome Addiction
A Loser like Jane Austen
Troll the Ancient Yuletide Carol -- 2010
Lights Will Guide You Home
A Great Book that Hasn't Been Written
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We are conscious of God's many blessings to us as a parish so endeavour to respond by giving generously to charitable organisations supporting those in need locally, in the UK, and overseas.
The Jerusalem and Middle East Churches' Association, Christian Aid, WaterAid, St John's Eye Hospital Jerusalem, Children in Distress and other organisations as the need arises. This includes organising and publicising Gift Days in response to major international disasters.
UK charities include The Additional Curates' Society (ACS), Crisis, and Shelter. Locally, the parish supports Bromley Welcare, St. Christopher's Bromley and Demelza. We hold a sponsored walk in aid of Crisis homelessness charity every Autumn, and host concerts and other events in aid of various charities.
Our own running costs are about £8,000 per month. This includes maintenance of the church and churchyard, the cost of clergy provision, and our contribution to the Diocese of Rochester's running costs. A small number of volunteers do most of our minor repairs, maintain the churchyard and provide administration as part of their stewardship but we still rely on the generosity of our church members for the majority of our income.
If you are interested in giving regularly to support the church, please speak in confidence to: Gift Aid Secretary, Michael Owen, 020 8467 3082 , or you can make a one-off donation through The Charities Aid Foundation online.
We encourage all taxpayers to maximise the value of any donations though Gift Aid.


text:
Hypertext fiction is a genre of electronic literature, characterized by the use of hypertext links that provide a new context for non-linearity in literature and reader interaction. The reader typically chooses links to move from one node of text to the next, and in this fashion arranges a story from a deeper pool of potential stories. Its spirit can also be seen in interactive fiction.

The term can also be used to describe traditionally-published books in which a nonlinear narrative and interactive narrative is achieved through internal references. James Joyce's Ulysses (1922), Enrique Jardiel Poncela's La Tournée de Dios (1932), Jorge Luis Borges' The Garden of Forking Paths (1941), Vladimir Nabokov's Pale Fire (1962), Julio Cortázar's Rayuela (1963; translated as Hopscotch), and Italo Calvino's The Castle of Crossed Destinies (1973) are early examples predating the word "hypertext", while a common pop-culture example is the Choose Your Own Adventure series in young adult fiction and other similar gamebooks.

In 1969, IBM and Ted Nelson from Brown University gained permission from Nabokov's publisher to use Pale Fire as a demonstration of an early hypertext system and, in general, hypertext's potential. The unconventional form of the demonstration was dismissed in favour of a more technically oriented variant.

Definitions
There is little consensus on the definition of hypertext literature. The similar term cybertext is often used interchangeably with hypertext. In hypertext fiction, the reader assumes a significant role in the creation of the narrative. Each user obtains a different outcome based on the choices they make. Cybertexts may be equated to the transition between a linear piece of literature, such as a novel, and a game. In a novel, the reader has no choice, the plot and the characters are all chosen by the author; there is no 'user', just a 'reader'. This is important because it entails that the person working their way through the novel is not an active participant. In a game, the person makes decisions and decides what actions to take, what punches to punch, or when to jump.

To Espen Aarseth, cybertext is not a genre in itself; in order to classify traditions, literary genres and aesthetic value, texts should be examined at a more local level. To Aarseth, hypertext fiction is a kind of ergodic literature:

In ergodic literature, nontrivial effort is required to allow the reader to traverse the text. If ergodic literature is to make sense as a concept, there must also be nonergodic literature, where the effort to traverse the text is trivial, with no extranoematic responsibilities placed on the reader except (for example) eye movement and the periodic or arbitrary turning of pages.

To Aarseth, the process of reading immersive narrative, in contrast, involves "trivial" effort, that is, merely moving one's eyes along lines of text and turning pages; the text does not resist the reader.

History

The first hypertext fictions were published prior to the development of the World Wide Web, using software such as Storyspace and HyperCard. Noted pioneers in the field are Judy Malloy and Michael Joyce. Grove Press published Richard Horn's Encyclopedia in 1969, a non-linear story organized in a series of alphabetical encyclopedia entries.

Douglas Cooper's Delirium (1994) was the first novel serialized on the World Wide Web; it permitted navigation between four parallel story strands. On June 21, 1996, Bobby Rabyd (aka Robert Arellano) published the World Wide Web's first interactive novel, Sunshine 69, with navigable maps of settings, a nonlinear calendar of scenes, and a character "suitcase" enabling readers to try on nine different points of view. Shortly thereafter, in 1997, Mark Amerika released GRAMMATRON, a multi-linear work that was eventually exhibited in art galleries. In 2000, it was included in the Whitney Biennial of American Art.

In the 1990s, women and feminist artists took advantage of hypertext and produced dozens of works. Linda Dement's Cyberflesh Girlmonster a hypertext CD-ROM that incorporates images of women's body parts and remixes them to create new shapes. Dr. Caitlin Fisher's hypertext novella These Waves of Girls is set in three time periods of the protagonist exploring her queer identity through memory. The story is written as a reflection diary of the interconnected memories of childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. It consists of an associated multi-modal collection of nodes including linked text, still and moving images, manipulable images, animations, and sound clips. It won the Electronic Literature Organization award.

Some other web examples of hypertext fiction include Six Sex Scenes (1995) by Adrienne Eisen (pen name for Penelope Trunk), Stuart Moulthrop's Hegirascope (1995, 1997), The Unknown (which won the trAce/Alt X award in 1998), The Company Therapist (1996-1999) (which won Net Magazine's "Entertainment Site of the Year"), and Caitlin Fisher's These Waves of Girls (2001) (which won the ELO award for fiction in 2001). More recent works include Stephen Marche's Lucy Hardin's Missing Period (2010) and Paul La Farge's Luminous Airplanes (2011).

The internationally oriented, but US based, Electronic Literature Organization (ELO) was founded in 1999 to promote the creation and enjoyment of electronic literature. Other organisations for the promotion of electronic literature include trAce Online Writing Community, a British organisation, started in 1995, that has fostered electronic literature in the UK, Dichtung Digital, a journal of criticism of electronic literature in English and German, and ELINOR, a network for electronic literature in the Nordic countries, which provides a directory of Nordic electronic literature. The Electronic Literature Directory lists many works of electronic literature in English and other languages.

Characteristics
Hypertext fiction is characterized by networked nodes of text making up a fictional story. There are often several options in each node that directs where the reader can go next. Unlike traditional fiction, the reader is not constrained by reading the fiction from start to end, depending on the choices they make. In this sense, it is similar to an encyclopaedia, with the reader reading a node and then choosing a link to follow. While this can be done more easily on paper, it is quite a different experience on a screen. The reader can be thrown into unpredictable loops because not all of the links are explained by their title. The fiction can contain text, quotes, and images.

There are different forms that hypertext fiction can take. These forms are axial, arborescent, and networked. Axial hypertext fictions have a central story line with links that branch off and return to the central storyline. Arborescent fictions branch into mutually exclusive story lines, and networked fictions have multiple starting points and do not always have a set ending. A single work of hypertext fiction can have a mixture of these three forms.

Criticism
In 2013, Wired published an article on why hypertext fiction did not become popular, claiming that non-linear stories are difficult to write, since each section of the work would need to introduce characters or concepts.

See also
Cybertext
Gamebook
Homestuck
253 (novel)
Hypertext poetry
Interactive novel
SCP Foundation
Storyspace
Text adventure
Twine (software)
Visual novel
17776

References

Bibliography

 "The hypertext Tristram Shandy page", David R. Hammontree's page
 The Non-linear Tradition in Literature from The Electronic Labyrinth by Christopher Keep, Tim McLaughlin and Robin Parmar

 Ensslin, Astrid (2007). Canonizing Hypertext: Explorations and Constructions. London: Continuum.

External links
The Shaping of Hypertextual Narrative (by Sergio Cicconi)

Narrative forms
Web fiction
Fiction

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Ethereum briefly suffered a flash crash on the GDAX exchange on Wednesday.
The price fell from around $319 to 10 cents in a matter of seconds.
Many ethereum traders lost large sums of money.
Fines ordered by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority in 2016 shattered the self-regulator's previous record in 2014 – jumping to a record high of $176 million, an 87% increase from the $94 million reported in 2015 and a 31% jump from the former record of $134 million reported in 2014.
Washington, DC — The U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (Commission) today unanimously approved proposed rules that mark a comprehensive regulatory response to the evolution of automated trading on U.S. designated contract markets (DCMs). The proposed rules, known collectively as Regulation Automated Trading or Regulation AT, represent a series of risk controls, transparency measures, and other safeguards to enhance the U.S. regulatory regime for automated trading. The notice of proposal will be open for a 90-day public comment period.
Regulation AT takes a multilevel approach by proposing risk control and other requirements for (a) market participants using algorithmic trading systems (ATSs), who are defined as "AT Persons" in the rulemaking, (b) clearing member futures commission merchants (FCMs) with respect to their AT Person customers, and (c) DCMs executing AT Person orders. The proposed rules are intended to reduce potential risks arising from algorithmic trading activity, by requiring the implementation of risk controls such as maximum order message and maximum order size parameters, and the establishment of standards for the development, testing, and monitoring of ATSs, among other requirements. AT Persons and clearing member FCMs would also be required to submit reports on their risk controls to DCMs, and maintain books and records regarding their risk controls and other algorithmic trading procedures for review by DCMs.
Regulation AT also proposes to require the registration of certain proprietary traders that, while responsible for significant trading volumes in key futures products, are not currently registered with the Commission. The proposed registration requirement would be applicable specifically to proprietary traders engaged in algorithmic trading through direct electronic access to a DCM.
The proposed rules would also require the use of self-trade prevention tools by market participants on DCMs, while permitting trades originating from accounts with independent decision makers. In addition, the proposed rules are designed to increase transparency around DCM electronic trade matching platforms, by requiring DCMs to publish a description of rules or known attributes of the trade matching platform that materially affect factors such as the time, price or quantity of execution of market participant orders, the ability to cancel or modify orders, and the transmission of market data and order or trade confirmations to market participants. Furthermore, the proposed rules are intended to foster transparency with respect to DCM programs and activities, including market maker and trading incentive programs.
To help ensure that Regulation AT remains current as markets and trading technologies evolve, the Commission is proposing to require that all AT Persons become members of a registered futures association (RFA), and further require RFAs to consider membership rules addressing algorithmic trading for each category of member in the RFA. Taken together, these provisions would allow RFAs to supplement elements of Regulation AT in response to future industry developments.
Comments may be submitted electronically through the Commission's Comment Online process.
Oct 21 Any proposals to tighten oversight on automated trading in U.S. Treasuries futures would focus on measures aimed at curbing risks that stem from bad algorithms and inadequate testing of the algorithms, a top U.S. regulator said on Wednesday.
In the wake of the "flash" rally in the Treasuries futures and cash markets on Oct. 15, 2014, when prices swung wildly within minutes in the absence of fundamental news, regulators have increased scrutiny on the growth of automated trading in the near $13 trillion sector.
"In the near term, we are focused on looking at operational risks, and taking steps to minimize the potential for disruptions and other operational problems that may arise," said Timothy Massad, chairman of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission in a prepared speech on Treasuries market structure at the New York Federal Reserve.
Massad said he expects the CFTC, which regulates trading of U.S. futures, to introduce some proposed reforms on automated trading in Treasuries futures next month.


We welcome new members to the Society. You may try us first by attending rehearsals for a few weeks and then, if you would like to join us as a singer, we invite you to a simple, informal audition with our musical director when you can sing something of your own choice.
Our next auditions will be in April 2019.
Auditions for our Anniversary concert will be on Tuesday the 23rd of April, with late auditions on Tuesday the 30th of April, if necessary.
Soloists can choose any piece from a previous Ware Operatic show.


Click on the button above to find the date on which you wish to attend Pre-Cana Day. Click on that date and complete the form provided to register for the event. Please note that your registration is not complete until you mail your registration fee to the address provided. For more information, contact Elizabeth Reha at (501) 664-0340, ext. 373.
Are you planning to get married in a Catholic church in Arkansas? If so, find out what you need to do by reading the Getting Married Guide. Because marriage is lifelong, the Church wants to help you build a strong, lasting marriage.
For this reason, couples seeking marriage in the Catholic Church are asked to spend several months in marriage preparation. It is so important, that all couples are required to fulfill an educational program to marry in the Diocese of Little Rock. Options include: Pre-Cana Day, the Sponsor Couple program or some other diocesan-approved marriage education program. This is determined with your pastor.
The Family Life Office sponsors Pre-Cana days year-round in English and Spanish to accommodate engaged couples. These one-day retreats give couples time together to reflects on their relationship and future marriage and hear talks on the sacrament of marriage, communication, finances, love and sexuality, parenting and more.
The next Pre-Cana Day will be held Saturday, March 23 in English and Saturday, April 13 in Spanish at St. John Catholic Center in Little Rock. See the complete schedule to find the date and location that is right for you and register online. For more information, contact Elizabeth Reha, director of family life, at (501) 664-0340, ext. 373.


The Educating the Mobility Engineers of Tomorrow (EMET) session addresses crucial issues for engineering education, covering the latest trends and developments from both education and industry perspectives.
The session brings together a carefully selected panel of leading figures from academia with a link to industry, to discuss engineering education trends and the global skills agenda with in-depth analysis and lively debate.
The seminar will enable educators, students and stakeholders from all areas of the automotive industry and supply chain to share experience, knowledge and lessons learned in order to help improve opportunities for those graduates pursuing a career in automotive and helping educators to ensure the relevance of their courses and the employability of their graduates.
The EMET session aims to invite presentations from a diverse range of panellists from across the world. The session is designed to encourage delegate interaction with the aim of determining a realistic way forward to bridge the gap between university output and industry needs.