text:
The Park Doctrine and the Perils of "Off-Label" Promotion
The regulatory landscape on which pharmaceutical and medical device companies tread daily is littered with compliance landmines, none more dangerous than US Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) enforcement of the misbranding provisions of the Food, Drug & Cosmetic Act (FDCA). It is not so much the fact of FDA's enforcement – after all, one can hardly expect the FDA not to enforce food and drug laws – as much as it is the kind of conduct implicated in FDA's enforcement choices that companies operating in this arena must understand clearly in order to mitigate compliance risk. And when it comes to marketing activities, as discussed in more detail below, the best way to avoid regulatory enforcement actions is to avoid creating facts that make the bringing of such actions justified and attractive in the eyes of the government.
Statutory Background
Misbranding is prohibited under the FDCA at 21 U.S.C. § 331(a). That statute prohibits "[t]he introduction or delivery for introduction into interstate commerce of any … drug, device . . . that is adulterated or misbranded." In the pharmaceutical and medical device industries, misbranding commonly refers to drugs and devices in which the labeling is false or misleading or inadequate for use, or that contain inadequate warnings against use where such use may be dangerous to health, or otherwise does not comport with FDA requirements.[1] Labeling includes all "labels and other written, printed, or graphic matter" appearing "upon any article or any of its containers or wrappers" or that is "accompanying such article."[2]
Government investigations and prosecutions of "off-label" marketing of drugs and devices are conducted under the misbranding provisions described above. Marketing is deemed "off-label" if the intended use of the marketed drug or device has not been approved by FDA. The theory is that such conduct renders the approved labeling – which only reflects those medical indications which have been approved by FDA – false, inadequate or unsafe for the intended use of the drug or device. The FDCA imposes criminal liability for misbranding at 21 U.S.C. § 333(a). Under § 333(a)(1), misbranding is a misdemeanor. If the conduct is undertaken following a prior misdemeanor conviction or with "intent to defraud or mislead," the offense is elevated to a felony pursuant to § 333(a)(2). Individuals and companies have been criminally prosecuted under these provisions for "off-label" marketing activities, at both misdemeanor and felony levels.
The Park Doctrine
The misdemeanor version of misbranding, under § 333(a)(1), is a "strict liability" offense. Pursuant to the Park doctrine, one can violate the misbranding statute without intending to do so, or even knowing that a violation has occurred. In United States v. Park,[3] the US Supreme Court addressed a situation in which the president of a large national food chain was criminally charged under the FDCA because food held for sale in one of the company's warehouses had been exposed to rodent contamination, rendering the product adulterated under the statute. The High Court upheld the president's misdemeanor conviction under the FDCA, even in the absence of evidence that he had personally participated in the events underlying the charges or had been consciously aware of any wrongdoing, writing:
[T]he [FDCA] imposes not only a positive duty to seek out and remedy violations when they occur but also, and primarily, a duty to implement measures that will insure that violations will not occur. The requirements of foresight and vigilance imposed on responsible corporate agents are beyond question demanding, and perhaps onerous, but they are not more stringent than the public has a right to expect of those who voluntarily assume positions of authority in business enterprises whose services and products affect the health and well-being of the public that supports them.
The [FDCA] does not … make criminal liability turn on 'awareness of some wrongdoing' or 'conscious fraud' …. [T]he Government establishes a prima facie case when it introduces evidence sufficient to warrant a finding by the trier of the facts that the defendant had, by reason of his position in the corporation, responsibility and authority either to prevent in the first instance or promptly to correct, the violation complained of, and that he failed to do so. The failure thus to fulfill the duty imposed by the interaction of the corporate agent's authority and the statute furnishes a sufficient causal link. The considerations which prompted the imposition of this duty, and the scope of the duty, provide the measure of culpability.[4]
The Park doctrine, also known as the "responsible corporate officer" doctrine, has been used by FDA to prosecute pharmaceutical and medical device companies, and individual executives, for illegal marketing activities.[5]
FDA Guidelines for Park Prosecutions
The FDA has rules for when Park prosecutions will be recommended, and it behooves any company or corporate official wishing to mitigate compliance risk in this area to know what those rules are. The FDA Regulatory Procedures Manual acknowledges that misdemeanor prosecutions of responsible corporate officials "can be a valuable enforcement tool" and "can have a strong deterrent effect."[6] The Manual goes on to state, however, that before recommending such a prosecution, a number of factors must be considered by the FDA, including the following:
The individual's position in the company and relationship to the violation;
Whether the individual had the authority to correct or prevent the violation;
Whether the individual had knowledge of or participated in the violation;
Whether the violation involves actual or potential harm to the public;
Whether the violation is obvious;
Whether the violation reflects a pattern of illegal behavior and/or failure to heed prior warnings;
Whether the violation is widespread;
Whether the violation is serious;
The quality of the legal and factual support for the proposed prosecution;
Whether the proposed prosecution is a prudent use of agency resources.
Of course, there is very little anyone can do about factors which are dictated entirely by the circumstances of the violation, such as the targeted individual's position with the company, or that individual's knowledge of, participation in and relationship to the violation. However, the risk that the violation is deemed "obvious" or "widespread," or "involves actual or potential harm to the public," or "reflects a pattern of illegal behavior and/or failure to heed prior warnings," or that prosecuting the violation is deemed "a prudent use of agency resources" can be influenced by a company's commitment to compliance efforts and whether its compliance program is sufficiently robust. For example, in the context of drug and device marketing activities, a company can mitigate the risk that "off-label" marketing activities, if they do occur, will prompt a government prosecution of the company or its senior executives. This can be done by ensuring that the company devotes substantial resources to compliance efforts aimed at preventing such activities before they occur and that the company acts swiftly to discipline any employees found to have engaged in such prohibited conduct. Indeed, an effective compliance program is the best protection against the risk that misbranding activities might occur undetected at a frequency and at a level within the company that would render such violations, in the eyes of the FDA, as "obvious" or "widespread" or "involving actual or potential harm to the public." An effective compliance program also makes it far less likely that any misbranding violations that do surface and come to the attention of regulators will reflect a "pattern of illegal behavior" or a "failure to heed prior warnings" such that prosecution would be a "prudent" use of resources.
The Caronia Decision
The ninth factor referenced above – "the quality of the legal and factual support for the proposed prosecution" – is affected by the nature of the "off-label" marketing conduct at issue and whether prosecuting the conduct makes sense in the exercise of prosecutorial discretion. That determination, in turn, could be affected by an appeals court decision that came down a little over two years ago, United States v. Caronia.[7] The Caronia case was closely followed by the pharmaceutical industry and free speech advocates for its potential impact on the promotional activities of drug manufacturers. Alfred Caronia was a sales representative for a pharmaceutical company selling a specialty drug called Xyrem that was approved by the FDA for narcolepsy patients suffering from excessive daytime sleepiness and a muscular condition known as cataplexy. In September 2008, Caronia was tried and convicted of misdemeanor conspiracy to introduce a misbranded drug into interstate commerce based on his activities in promoting Xyrem for unapproved indications. A two-judge majoritythen vacated Caronia's conviction under the First Amendment, holding that Caronia had been wrongfully prosecuted for protected truthful "speech in aid of pharmaceutical marketing." [8]
The significance of the ruling was hotly debated, with commentators on all sides speculating about what the decision might portend about the future of misbranding prosecutions under the FDCA and the continued viability of the FDA's regulatory scheme prohibiting off-label promotion by pharmaceutical companies. When one looks more closely at the majority opinion, however, it becomes apparent that the ruling in Caronia did not really change much, if anything, in the current FDA regulatory landscape, at least in terms of the government's ability to prosecute misbranding offenses arising from "off-label" marketing activities. Caronia, however, will likely impact how the government chooses to prosecute such cases in the future and could, in certain instances, influence the exercise of prosecutorial discretion in ways that cause the government not to seek criminal charges.
The majority in Caronia held that the misbranding provisions of the FDCA do not prohibit or criminalize "the truthful off-label promotion of FDA-approved prescription drugs," and that the government "cannot prosecute pharmaceutical manufacturers and their representatives under the FDCA for speech promoting the lawful, off-label use of an FDA-approved drug."[9] The majority acknowledged, however, that the FDA retains the authority to regulate the marketing of prescription drugs. The majority further sought to distinguish truthful "off-label" promotional speech from the type of behavior prohibited under the misbranding statute, which it described as relating to "whether a drug's labeling is adequate for its intended use."[10] The majority readily conceded that misleading promotional speech is not protected under the First Amendment and, further, that the government is, indeed, entitled to prove the "intended use" of a drug by reference to promotional statements made by drug manufacturers and their representatives. The majority rested its ruling, however, on its insistence that "Caronia was not prosecuted on this basis" and that "the government's theory of prosecution identified Caronia's speech alone as the proscribed conduct."[11]
Boiled down to its essentials, therefore, the Caronia decision arguably had more to do with the majority's case-specific reaction to the manner in which the defendant was prosecuted than it does with the continued viability of the regulatory scheme under which "off-label" marketing activities are prosecuted. All that being said, it should be expected that, going forward, prosecutors will be more careful in how they marshal the evidence and structure their closing arguments in misdemeanor misbranding cases. To avoid a similar result, the government will likely make special efforts to connect the evidentiary dots demonstrating the relationship between "off-label" promotional speech and a manufacturer's intended use for a drug or device, and to explain how that intended use is not encompassed by the product's FDA approved labeling which, in turn, renders the product misbranded under the FDCA. Further, there could be instances in which prosecutors decide, based on the misbranding evidence presented to them, that a case might be too heavily dependent on a sales representative's truthful "off-label" promotional speech as evidence of intended use (i.e., without other corroborating evidence in the form of company emails, advertising materials and/or other documents), and hence too risky to prosecute.
The safer cases for Park misbranding prosecutions will be those in which a manufacturer's intended use for a drug or device is evidenced not just by truthful "off-label" promotional speech, but also by other proof evincing a corporate mindset to market the product for uses not included in its approved labeling. Notwithstanding that speech may be used as evidence of intent, prosecutions based entirely on truthful but "off-label" promotional statements that are not part of a larger collection of evidence demonstrating the manufacturer's intention to market the drug or device for unapproved indications will likely be disfavored as being too close to the borderline separating unlawful product promotion from lawful speech protected under the First Amendment. Put another way, "the quality of the legal and factual support for the proposed prosecution" may be seen as insufficient to justify moving forward with the case. Drug and medical device companies would do well to keep this in mind when deciding on the best ways to communicate and discuss, both internally and externally, "off-label" indications associated with their products.
The ancient Greek physician Hippocrates once famously described a physician's obligation to "do no harm." The same may be said of a pharmaceutical or medical device company when it comes to avoiding becoming a target of a misbranding prosecution. First, "do no harm." In other words, such companies should conduct their operations in a manner that will not make them, in the eyes of the government, attractive or high-priority prosecution targets. That, in turn, means implementing an truly effective compliance program that can uncover any violations at an early stage and prevent them from becoming obvious or widespread or from causing harm to the public or reflecting a pattern of illegal conduct. It also means giving serious thought to the ways in which, and with whom, "off-label" indications are communicated inside and outside the company.
Such companies have every right, and every reason, to discuss the subject of "off-label" uses in support of their business operations, provided that behavior does not extend to the affirmative marketing of such unapproved uses to expand the market for their products. That being said, it must be recognized that a failure to appropriately control and compartmentalize such communications may inadvertently create material that can be seized upon by federal regulators as "evidence" of unlawful product promotion under the FDCA.
[1] 21 U.S.C. § 352(f).
[2] 21 U.S.C. § 321(m).
[3] 421 U.S. 658 (1975).
[4] 421 U.S. 672-674 (citations omitted).
[5] See, e.g., DOJ Press Release, dated 12/19/2012, announcing misdemeanor misbranding guilty plea of Amgen, Inc. related to the "off-label" marketing of Aranesp; DOJ Press Release, dated 9/2/2009, announcing felony misbranding guilty plea of Pharmacia & Upjohn Company, Inc., related to the "off-label" marketing of Bextra; DOJ Press Release, dated May 10, 2007, announcing the felony misbranding guilty plea of Purdue Frederick Company and the misdemeanor misbranding guilty pleas of its CEO, General Counsel and Chief Medical Officer, related to the "off-label" marketing of OxyContin; DOJ Press Release, dated April 15, 2009, announcing the felony misbranding guilty plea of medical device company Nichols Institute Diagnostics for the marketing of misbranding immunoassays.
[6] FDA Regulatory Procedures Manual § 6-5-3.
[7] 703 F. 3d 149 (2d Cir. 2012).


text:
Ercole Durini di Monza (* 12. Juli 1876 in Gorla Minore; † 26. November 1968 in Mailand) war ein italienischer Diplomat und Senator.

Leben
Ercole Durini di Monza war von 1918 bis 1919 Gesandtschaftssekretär erster Klasse in London. Von 1922 bis 1923 war er Gesandter in Teheran. 1923 war er italienischer Generalkonsul in München und gratulierte Gustav von Kahr zum Scheitern des Hitlerputschs. Von 1924 bis 1929 war er unter Botschafter Gaetano Caracciolo Gesandter in Budapest. 1930 war er Botschafter in Santiago de Chile. Von 29. Januar 1931 bis 25. August 1932 zu Beginn der zweiten spanischen Republik war er Gesandter in Madrid. 1933 wurde er zum Senator ernannt.

Einzelnachweise

Italienischer Botschafter in Spanien
Italienischer Botschafter in Chile
Senator (Königreich Italien)
Italiener
Geboren 1876
Gestorben 1968
Mann

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
package tbin

import (
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"reflect"
	"strings"
)

const CurrentVersion = 1 // the first versioned version

const NullTag = 0x00      // "nil" or "null"
const BoolTag = 0x01      // "uvarint(b? 1 : 0)"
const Int8Tag = 0x02      // "INT8TAG varint(n)"
const Int16Tag = 0x03     // "INT16TAG varint(n)"
const Int32Tag = 0x04     // "INT32TAG varint(n)"
const Int64Tag = 0x05     // "INT64TAG varint(n)"
const Float32Tag = 0x06   // "FLOAT32TAG 4_bytes"
const Float64Tag = 0x07   // "FLOAT64TAG 8_bytes"
const BytesTag = 0x08     // "BYTESTAG uvarint(len) byte*"
const StringTag = 0x09    // "STRINGTAG uvarint(utflen) utf8bytes*"
const TimestampTag = 0x0a // "TIMESTAMPTAG double" - represented as seconds since epoch (1970)
const SymbolTag = 0x0b    // "SYMBOLTAG uvarint(id) [string(name)]" the name is only included the first occurrence
const UUIDTag = 0x0c      // "UUIDTAG byte[16]" = written as 16 bytes, no count
const ArrayTag = 0x0d     // "ARRAYTAG uvarint(size) value*"
const MapTag = 0x0e       // "MAPTAG uvarint(size) (<value> <value>)*"
const StructTag = 0x0f    // "STRUCTTAG uvarint(size) (<symbol> <value>)*" -- for generic structs (native Go structs are their ownb type/tag)
const AnyTag = 0x10       // used only as a value for array items, map items and keys, and in defstruct.
const DefArrayTag = 0x11  // "<newtag> DefArrayTag itemsTag"
const DefMapTag = 0x12    // "<newtag> DefMapTag keysTag itemsTag"
const DefStructTag = 0x13 // "<newtag> DefStructTag <fieldcount> (uvarint(fnamelen) fnamebytes* ftypeTag)*"
const DefUnionTag = 0x14  // "<newtag> DefUnionTag <count> variantTag*"
const DefEnumTag = 0x15   // "<newtag> DefEnumTag <count> (uvarint(symlen) symbytes*)*"

const UnionTag = 0x16

// EnumTag identifies unused, reserved tags.
const EnumTag = 0x17

// VersionTag should be the first tag in the stream. v1..v8 are thus supported,
// after which additional byte(s) will be required.
// Bits encode (version - 1), i.e. currently encoded "0001 0000".
const VersionTag = 0x18 // "uvarint(0001 1xxx)"
const VersionTagMask = 0xf8
const VersionDataMask = 0x07
const MinVersionTag = VersionTag
const CurVersionTag = VersionTag + (CurrentVersion - 1) // "0001 1000
const MaxVersionTag = VersionTag + VersionDataMask
const MaxVersion = VersionDataMask + 1

// TinyStrTag is for strings that have a length up to 31 utf8 bytes.
// Again, this optimization has no effect on packed structs, just the generic encoding
// (187->160 for my test data). If symbols are used instead of strings, the savings are
// even bigger. But maps have strings, not symbols, as keys.
const TinyStrTag = 0x20 // "001x xxxx" <utf8byte>*
const TinyStrTagMask = 0xe0
const TinyStrDataMask = 0x1f
const TinyStrMaxlen = TinyStrDataMask

const FirstUserTag = 0x40 //0x40..0x7f all fit in a single byte tag. Subsequent tags take more. The tag is an unsigned varint.

// TagName returns the tag name for the tag.
func TagName(tag int) string {
	if (tag & TinyStrTagMask) == TinyStrTag {
		return "String"
	}
	switch tag {
	case NullTag:
		return "Null"
	case BoolTag:
		return "Bool"
	case Int8Tag:
		return "Int8"
	case Int16Tag:
		return "Int16"
	case Int32Tag:
		return "Int32"
	case Int64Tag:
		return "Int64"
	case Float32Tag:
		return "Float32"
	case Float64Tag:
		return "Float64"
	case BytesTag:
		return "Bytes"
	case StringTag:
		return "String"
	case TimestampTag:
		return "Timestamp"
	case SymbolTag:
		return "Symbol"
	case UUIDTag:
		return "UUID"
	case ArrayTag:
		return "Array"
	case MapTag:
		return "Map"
	case StructTag:
		return "Struct"
	case AnyTag:
		return "Any"
	case EnumTag:
		return "Enum"
	default:
		return fmt.Sprintf("0x%02x", tag)
	}
}

// Symbolic is an interface wrapping the Symbol() method.
type Symbolic interface {
	Symbol() string
}

//
// Signature is a minimal description of a type.
//
type Signature struct {
	Tag      int               `json:"tag"`
	Fields   []*FieldSignature `json:"fields,omitempty"`
	Items    *Signature        `json:"items,omitempty"`
	Keys     *Signature        `json:"keys,omitempty"`
	Variants []*Signature      `json:"variants,omitempty"`
	Symbols  []string          `json:"symbols,omitempty"`
	key      string
}

//
// FieldSignature is the description of a single field in a Struct.
//
type FieldSignature struct {
	Name     string     `json:"name"`
	Type     *Signature `json:"type"`
	optional bool
}

//
// String produces a compact flat representation of the signature.
//
func (sig *Signature) String() string {
	if sig.key == "" {
		sig.key = sig.cacheKey()
	}
	return sig.key
}

func (sig *Signature) cacheKey() string {
	switch sig.Tag {
	case StructTag:
		if sig.Fields == nil {
			return TagName(sig.Tag) //naked struct, implies map[rdl.Symbol]rdl.Any
		}
		s := TagName(sig.Tag) + "{"
		for i, f := range sig.Fields {
			if i > 0 {
				s += ","
			}
			s += f.Name
			s += ":"
			s += f.Type.String()
		}
		return s + "}"
	case ArrayTag:
		return TagName(sig.Tag) + "<" + sig.Items.String() + ">"
	case MapTag:
		return TagName(sig.Tag) + "<" + sig.Keys.String() + "," + sig.Items.String() + ">"
	case AnyTag:
		return "Any"
	case UnionTag:
		s := "Union<"
		for i, t := range sig.Variants {
			if i > 0 {
				s += ","
			}
			s += t.String()
		}
		return s + ">"
	case EnumTag:
		s := "Enum<"
		for i, t := range sig.Symbols {
			if i > 0 {
				if i > 1 {
					s += ","
				}
				s += t
			}
		}
		return s + ">"
	default:
		return TagName(sig.Tag)
	}
}

func Field(n string, t *Signature, opt bool) *FieldSignature {
	return &FieldSignature{Name: n, Type: t, optional: opt}
}

func Struct(fields ...*FieldSignature) *Signature {
	return &Signature{Tag: StructTag, Fields: fields}
}

func Array(items *Signature) *Signature {
	return &Signature{Tag: ArrayTag, Items: items}
}

func Map(keys *Signature, items *Signature) *Signature {
	return &Signature{Tag: MapTag, Keys: keys, Items: items}
}

func Union(variants ...*Signature) *Signature {
	return &Signature{Tag: UnionTag, Variants: variants}
}

func Enum(symbols ...string) *Signature {
	return &Signature{Tag: EnumTag, Symbols: symbols}
}

var Null = &Signature{Tag: NullTag}
var Bool = &Signature{Tag: BoolTag}
var Int8 = &Signature{Tag: Int8Tag}
var Int16 = &Signature{Tag: Int16Tag}
var Int32 = &Signature{Tag: Int32Tag}
var Int64 = &Signature{Tag: Int64Tag}
var Float32 = &Signature{Tag: Float32Tag}
var Float64 = &Signature{Tag: Float64Tag}
var Bytes = &Signature{Tag: BytesTag}
var String = &Signature{Tag: StringTag}
var Timestamp = &Signature{Tag: TimestampTag}
var Symbol = &Signature{Tag: SymbolTag}
var UUID = &Signature{Tag: UUIDTag}
var Any = &Signature{Tag: AnyTag}

// EncodeUvarint encodes the uvarint to the Writer.
func EncodeUvarint(out io.Writer, n int) error {
	var buf [16]byte
	var err error
	i := 0
	if (n & 0xffffff80) != 0 {
		buf[i] = byte((n | 0x80) & 0xff)
		i++
		n >>= 7
		if (n & 0xffffff80) != 0 {
			buf[i] = byte((n | 0x80) & 0xff)
			i++
			n >>= 7
			if (n & 0xffffff80) != 0 {
				buf[i] = byte((n | 0x80) & 0xff)
				i++
				n >>= 7
				if (n & 0xffffff80) != 0 {
					buf[i] = byte((n | 0x80) & 0xff)
					i++
					n >>= 7
				}
			}
		}
	}
	buf[i] = byte(n)
	_, err = out.Write(buf[:i+1])
	return err
}

// EncodeVarint encodes the varint to the Writer.
func EncodeVarint(out io.Writer, n int) error {
	return EncodeUvarint(out, (n<<1)^(n>>31))
}

// DecodeUvarint decodes the uvarint from the Reader.
func DecodeUvarint(in io.Reader) (uint, error) {
	var abuf [1]byte
	buf := abuf[:]
	var n uint
	var shift uint
	for shift < 32 {
		c, err := in.Read(buf)
		if c == 1 {
			b := buf[0]
			n |= (uint(b) & 0x7f) << shift
			if (b & 0x80) == 0 {
				return n, nil
			}
		}
		if err != nil {
			return 0, err
		}
		shift += 7
	}
	return 0, fmt.Errorf("Bad varint encoding")
}

// DecodeVarint decodes the varint from the Reader.
func DecodeVarint(in io.Reader) (int, error) {
	u, err := DecodeUvarint(in)
	n := int(u)
	return (n >> 1) ^ -(n & 1), err
}

//
// TypeSignature returns a Signature for the type of the given data. Reflection is used.
//
func TypeSignature(val interface{}) *Signature {
	t := reflect.TypeOf(val)
	return buildTypeSignature(t)
}

func buildTypeSignature(t reflect.Type) *Signature {
	//	return buildTypeSignature2(t, false)
	//}

	//func buildTypeSignature2(t reflect.Type, optional bool) *Signature {
	typeName := t.String()
	switch typeName {
	case "rdl.UUID":
		return UUID
	case "rdl.Timestamp":
		return Timestamp
	case "rdl.Symbol":
		return Symbol
	case "rdl.Struct":
		//a naked struct with no schema, essentially a map[rdl.Symbol]interface{}
		return &Signature{Tag: StructTag}
	}
	var err error
	k := t.Kind()
	switch k {
	case reflect.Struct:
		nfields := t.NumField()
		if nfields > 0 {
			ft := t.Field(0)
			ftag := ft.Tag.Get("rdl")
			if ftag == "union" {
				var variants []*Signature
				for i := 1; i < nfields; i++ {
					f := t.Field(i)
					variant := buildTypeSignature(f.Type)
					variants = append(variants, variant)
				}
				return Union(variants...)
			}
		}
		//a regular struct with fields
		var fields []*FieldSignature
		for i := 0; i < nfields; i++ {
			f := t.Field(i)
			fn := f.Name
			ftag := f.Tag.Get("json")
			if ftag != "" {
				if ftag == "-" {
					//should never happen with rdl models.
					continue
				}
				ftags := strings.Split(ftag, ",")
				n := ftags[0]
				if n != "" {
					fn = n
				}
			}
			ftag = f.Tag.Get("rdl")
			opt := (ftag == "optional")
			ft := buildTypeSignature(f.Type)
			if ft != nil {
				fields = append(fields, Field(fn, ft, opt))
			}
		}
		return Struct(fields...)
	case reflect.Slice:
		items := buildTypeSignature(t.Elem())
		return Array(items)
	case reflect.Ptr:
		return buildTypeSignature(t.Elem())
	case reflect.String:
		return String
	case reflect.Bool:
		return Bool
	case reflect.Int8, reflect.Uint8:
		return Int8
	case reflect.Int16, reflect.Uint16:
		return Int16
	case reflect.Int:
		syms := enumSymbols(t)
		if syms != nil {
			return Enum(syms...)
		}
		return Int32
	case reflect.Int32, reflect.Uint, reflect.Uint32:
		return Int32
	case reflect.Int64, reflect.Uint64:
		return Int64
	case reflect.Float32:
		return Float32
	case reflect.Float64:
		return Float64
	case reflect.Map:
		keys := buildTypeSignature(t.Key())
		items := buildTypeSignature(t.Elem())
		return Map(keys, items)
	case reflect.Interface:
		return Any
	default:
		err = fmt.Errorf("Cannot determine type signature for reflect kind of %v", k)
		fmt.Print("***", err)
		//panic(err.Error())
	}
	return Any
}

func enumSymbols(t reflect.Type) []string {
	if _, ok := t.MethodByName("SymbolSet"); ok {
		//an enum type that RDL generated. Create a dummy instance and call to get the symbol set
		tmp := reflect.New(t)
		vv := tmp.Elem()
		vv.SetInt(1)
		symbols := tmp.MethodByName("SymbolSet").Call([]reflect.Value{})[0].Interface()
		return symbols.([]string)[1:]
	}
	return nil
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Trying to make collision detection work using immovable objects in p5.play I'm trying to work out a practice problem for making a game from https://pdm.lsupathways.org/2_graphics/3_bugsquish/2_lesson_2/sprite-interactivity-1/ where they ask you to create long thin rectangle sprites as a way to create borders that can keep the movable player sprite within the screen. The idea is that the player sprite will hit the "walls" and the wall will act as the barrier keeping it from going out the screen.
However I can't seem to figure out the exact way to make the sprite's response to collision detection work right as the wall seems to attach itself to the player sprite (?) whenever it is collided with instead of staying put like it is meant to.
let walls;

let ball, player, wall1, wall2, wall3, wall4;

function setup() {
  createCanvas(600, 600);

  ball = createSprite(300, 300, 20,20);
  ball.shapeColor = [0,0,0];

  player = createSprite(50, 300, 25, 75);
  player.shapeColor = [20, 200, 20];

  walls = new Group();

  wall1 = createSprite(width/2, 0, width, 10);

  wall2 = createSprite(0, height/2, 10, height);

  wall3 = createSprite(width/2, height, width, 10);

  wall4 = createSprite(width, height/2, 10, height);

  walls.add(wall1)
  walls.add(wall2)
  walls.add(wall3)
  walls.add(wall4)

  walls.immovable = true;
}

function draw() {
  background(220);
 drawSprites();

    if (keyIsDown(LEFT_ARROW)) {
    player.setSpeed(10, 180);
  } else if (keyIsDown(RIGHT_ARROW)) {
    player.setSpeed(10, 0);
  } else if (keyIsDown(UP_ARROW)) {
    player.setSpeed(10, 270);
  } else if (keyIsDown(DOWN_ARROW)) {
    player.setSpeed(10, 90);
  }
  player.bounce(ball)
  ball.collide(walls)
  player.bounce(walls)

}

A: you should take a look at this library https://github.com/bmoren/p5.collide2D
it has a lot of 2d collision functions. For your use, you're prob looking for collideRectRect.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Gathering place for the IT industry with meeting and conference rooms where communities and groups may hold meetings.
Teknologihuset ("The Technology House") has a goal of championing knowledge sharing and capacity building, and wants to show what is achievable when companies and organisations work together.
The house is sponsored and managed by approximately 80 partners from the industry, and is operated by the principle of "daytime sponsors the evening." This means that the premises are rented out during the day to fund the free model in the evenings.


text:
Parasite Websites Eating into Railways' Pie
September 5, 2008 Soumyadip Choudhury 0
IndianRail.gov.in is one of the more popular websites in India (though very ill-designed and un-userfriendly). According to Alexa it is ranked no. 30 in India and has a worldwide traffic rank of 721. Given the place that the Indian Railways has in the country's transportation system railway-related sites would continue getting the visitors. And this is what makes the Indian Railways' websites (indianrail.gov.in and trainenquiry.com) a very lucrative target for parasitic websites.
I believe that the Centre for Railway Information Systems (CRIS), that owns and maintains the official Railways websites also realises that and therefore has put up this warning on the indianrail.gov.in site:
Warning: No one is authorised to make any type of commercial usage like putting web advertisements or SMS service and Reproducing/Transmitting/Storing in its database, any content of www.indianrail.gov.in website, without prior written permission from Indian Railways. Violators will be severely prosecuted.
But violators don't seem to care much. There are quite a number of Indian Railways related websites out there, but most of them just provide basic information, but there are quite a number who offer services similar to that of the official sites.
Now a question might arise – What's wrong with that? The problem here is that the information related to train timings, seat availability, PNR status, train arrivals and departures is exclusively generated by the Indian Railways and others can have access to it only via the official websites (or with agencies that the organisation might have an agreement with).
What these sites do is that they provide the user an interface that looks their own (with some ads plastered around, though not in all cases) and when the user requests any information, the data is pulled from the Indian Railways servers. A practice also termed as leeching.
Someone might ask – Maybe they actually have a tie up with the Railways? I don't think so. Let us sample a few:
eRail.in: The site explicitly states that it "does not have any official connection or affiliation whatsoever to Indian Railways and related organisations." When you submit a query it displays the results within an iframe enclosing the official website.
The site doesn't have any contact info and a whois search reveals the domain registrant as the System Administrator of 5Force, Dublin, Ohio, USA. Nothing very precise. But the man behind the site has been discussed about on the WWW.
IndianTrains.org: Follows a similar method as that of eRail.in. The domain name has been registered via DomainsByProxy.com, who are in the business of hiding the real identities of website owners. Obviously no contact info.
IndiaRailInfo.com: Similar. Registered via myprivateregistration.com – another whois anonymising service.
BharatRail.net: Atleast the registrant seemingly used a genuine address.
Now let us also look at a few bigger sites offering railway enquiry services:
Rediff Trains FareSearch: It seems quite unlikely that a reputed website like Rediff would indulge in exploitative practices. But I tried searching online for information related to Indian Railways-Rediff tie up, but didn't seem to find any. Even the story on Rediff.com on the launch of the service doesn't mention any official agreement.
Other sites that also offer rail-related services (I didn't look into the details):
* Zoomtra
* Cleartrip
From a user's perspective, this is a welcome trend. With the bad usability of the official sites such alternatives make lives a little easier. The interface is so much better. Many of them also provide additional services like maps and weather forecasts that the official sites obviously don't have.
Now what should the Indian Railways or rather Times Internet Limited – that has won the tender for web advertisement rights on indianrail.gov.in and trainenquiry.com for two years – do?
Alexa shows a dip of 16% in indianrail.gov.in's reach over the last three months, while eRail.in registers an increase of 28% for the same period.
At a time when rising airfares is compelling people to opt for trains, this dip in the traffic for the official railway sites point toward the alternative service providers.
Unlike airlines, railways is a monopoly and the railways wouldn't like to loose it grip on that even online. But instead of expending resources over the 'violators,' CRIS should rather focus on improving the websites so that people would prefer the original source over the borrowed and bettered websites. And as payback they could borrow some ideas.
* Greasy Tracks: The Truth behind the Indian Railways Success Story
* Railway Regulations
* Chugging Along
* TOI Story on e-Ticketing: A Distorted Perspective
* Tracks to Nowhere
* Crossing the Brahmaputra
Whoa! Google Chrome has Crashed
Review: Asus Eee PC 1000H
Indibloggies 2006: The Results
Munnabhai, MA (Double), LLB, MBA, Diploma in …

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Ocean View House - Fire Island Pines, N.Y.
Case Study House 26 Remodel - San Rafael, Calif.
Click here for more photos of the winning projects.
Six projects were announced as the winners of the Ceramics of Italy Tile Competition for use of Italian tile in North American architecture and design. Sponsored by Confindustria Ceramica (the Italian Association of Ceramics) and the Italian Trade Agency, the competition received submissions in each of the three categories: residential, commercial, and institutional. An international jury of design industry experts reviewed and evaluated the projects, selecting three winners and three honorable mentions. The jury considered creative and effective use of Italian tile; overall quality of the installation; aesthetic beauty and functionality of the design; and sustainable attributes of the materials used and overall project to determine the winners.
Ocean View House is the last element in a beachfront residence on New York's Fire Island that includes a dining pavilion, gym, and beach/pool cabana in addition to a main house. For the guesthouse, the architects were charged with creating an independent space for visitors that would retain a close connection to the main home. The architects used tiles from Emilceramica's Fashion series to blur the line between the indoor space of the guesthouse and the adjacent outdoor pool area while lending a warm, neutral palette to the 2,000+ square foot space. Italian tile also provided the guesthouse and adjacent patio with a consistent design and level of durability that could withstand moisture and the high traffic resulting from a typical day at the beach.
One of California's historic Case Study Houses and the only one built in the San Francisco Bay area, #26 in San Rafael was designed by architect Beverley David Thorne in 1963. After purchasing the house in 2015, Cord Struckmann, the current owner/architect, undertook a remodel that included replacing the floor finishes in the common areas. Previously covered with carpet and vinyl tile, the project required the careful selection of a durable material that could also contribute to the design integrity. This led to the selection of Gigacer's Concrete line, which matched the mid-century modern aesthetic of the house. The minimalist, large format tiles blend with the structural bones of the house and the modernist décor, unifying the common areas and elevating the role of the floor in the space.
MediaMath's headquarters occupy two levels within 4 World Trade Center in New York City. In addition to workspaces, the company required lounge areas, a yoga room, a theater, and an art gallery for use by its 500 employees. Ceramiche Refin's Design Industry collection was used in the most important space in the project, the double height entrance lobby. Providing the first impression to clients, potential employees, and office visitors, it was critical that the floor be elegant but also easy to maintain, with a slab-like appearance that contained minimal joints. The minimalist look and large format of the Design Industry collection met all of these requirements, resulting in a lobby floor that is low maintenance and visually stunning.
At The Ridge, a resort located on Geneva Lake, Wis., a recent, multimillion-dollar renovation led by CallisonRTKL refreshed the property for a new generation of visitors. Central to the successful redesign of the pre-existing resort building was updating the common spaces and restaurant with a modern look that preserved the traditional atmosphere guests expect. For the lobby and communal seating areas, the highly detailed, bleached wood-look tiles of Provenza Ceramiche's In Essence collection provide a timeworn yet contemporary look that retains the welcoming air of a resort lobby. In Essence offered a far greater resiliency than real wood, which was an essential element for such a high traffic space. In the resort's lakeside restaurant, another wood-inspired collection, ETIC from Atlas Concorde, brings the sophisticated look of wood planks into the gray-scale palette of the space, while providing the functionality necessary for a restaurant. Contrasting with the interior design scheme, the bold patterns of Ceramiche Refin's Frame collection forms the floor beneath the restaurant's bar. The combination of these collections results in stylish, comfortable spaces that foster a soothing resort environment with distinctive interiors.
Located at Columbia University's new Manhattanville Campus in New York City, the Jerome L. Greene Science Center provides a home for the Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute. As a neuroscience institute, it was essential that the 450,000 square foot building include wide-open spaces for research activities and collaboration while adhering to specific light, noise, and thermal requirements. As over 60,000 square feet of tile was needed for the space, Renzo Piano Building Workshop chose Casalgrande Padana's Pietre Etrusche collection (the Unicolore and Basaltina collections were also used) because of its large formats, functionality, and reputation for high quality. Tile that could be delivered in a timely manner from respected distributors and within a specific budget was crucial to the project. Casalgrande Padana ceramic tiles helped to provide a clean, minimalist, and aesthetically unified space for the highly focused research conducted at the center.
Ryerson University in Toronto, Ontario engaged Gow Hastings Architects to transform a 1970s Brutalist building into a contemporary centralized hub for student services. Gow Hastings chose the Architecture collection by Casalgrande Padana to provide a sleek tile floor that would complement the contemporary lines of the space and also hold up against the many students and faculty that would be walking through each day. Large format tiles were selected in two distinct tones and arranged in alternating diagonals across the space. The ease of installing the tiles in this pattern allowed the architects to visually expand the space with great ease. Gow Hastings was particularly drawn to the unique colors, texture, and luster of the Architecture collection.
The winning firms each received a prize of $3,000 as well as an all-expenses-paid, CEU-accredited trip to Bologna, Italy to attend Cersaie in Bologna, Italy as part of a VIP delegation of specifiers and journalists. Contractors and distributors involved in each winning project will also be awarded a cash prize for their contribution.
For more information, visit www.laceramicaitaliana.it.


Are your hands longing to try something new?
Journey with me into Nuno-Felting projects full of color. We will start with basic, easy-but-gorgeous pieces and, as we get a feel for how the wool and silk interact, we will add more and more complex decorative elements.
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Practice your skills through 33 stepped-out projects that include fashionable accessories, gift ideas and items for your home.
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Discover new ways to approach your use of color as you learn to create color palettes from the places and things that inspire you.
You'll be introduced to new ways of looking at a color wheel and exciting techniques for bringing unexpected colors together!


text:
March 2, 2017 / 2:53 PM / 2 years ago
Syrian opposition likens Palmyra battles to 'Tom and Jerry' show
Forces loyal to Syria's President Bashar al-Assad walk atop of a hill on the edge of Palmyra, March 2, 2017. SANA/Handout via REUTERS
GENEVA (Reuters) - The Syrian opposition declined to congratulate Syrian President Bashar al-Assad on retaking historic Palmyra from Islamic State militants on Thursday and suggested the sight of the city changing hands again was risible.
"It is the second time that we see this handover and this is obviously being used for political reasons," chief opposition negotiator Nasr al-Hariri told reporters in Geneva, adding that he considered both sides to be terrorists.
"If we want to follow the game of Assad and Palmyra, it will be like watching Tom and Jerry."
Earlier, the Syrian government's chief negotiator Bashar al-Ja'afari had hailed Assad for keeping his promise to retake the ancient city of Palmyra, and vowed that every last inch of Syria would be retaken from foreign terrorists.
Russia says its military advisers, special forces behind Palmyra recapture
Reporting by Tom Miles, John Irish and Stephanie Nebehay


I was keen to check out the new pizzeria in Crystal Palace that has been creating a buzz since its launch in August, and that was before I found out it was from the people behind the Lido Cafe. The venues itself looks great, with smart laid back fit out and a bright colour scheme throughout. On a Friday evening it was buzzing and the no booking policy meant that larger groups had a small wait for tables. Dining as a pair we were seated straight away on the high bench style seating.
400 Rabbits serve wood fired oven sourdough pizzas topped with ingredients from artisan producers and follow the food seasons closely. Pizzas start at a very reasonable £6, the menu is small but what they do, they do well, and the chilli oil on offer sure does pack a punch. We half and halved a ground beef, green chilli and onion and one piquillo peppers, capers, goats cheese and rocket. Nice dough, thin base and a fair amount of toppings, not the best pizza I've had but if like me you've checked out Streatham's pizza joints (Addomme, Bravi Ragazzi), your standards will be high. The side salad with Parmesan shavings and seeds is also decent.
Craft beer is the other focus and they serve British brewed schooners from tap (⅔ pint) starting at £3.20, as well as a small selection of bottles and cans. Red, white and sparkling wines are also on offer, as well as juice from Peckham's Alibaba. If you're after desert then Soho's Gelupo Gelato is served here. Pizzas and beer can also be ordered to take-away.
In case you're wondering, there is a reason behind the name. Something to do with alcohol and fermentation and the Aztecs. But hey, who cares, the pizza is good and the beer is flowing. Make it your next pizza.


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text:
#ifndef SHAPE_H
#define SHAPE_H

class RigidBody;

/**
 * Shape abstraction class.
 *  This is an abstract class for the shapes it contains
 *  all that is required in a shape.
 */
class Shape {
public:
    virtual void draw() = 0;
    virtual int getType() = 0;
    virtual float calculateMass() = 0;
    virtual float calculateMomentOfInertia() = 0;

    RigidBody *_rigidBody;
};

#endif // SHAPE_H


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John Kaldi is a Professor of Petroleum Geology and Engineering at the Australian School of Petroleum, University of Adelaide, and holds the South Australia State Chair in Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS). He is also an Adjunct Professor at Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Indonesia, and Visiting Professor at Universiti Teknologi Petronas (UTP), Malaysia. John previously was the inaugural Head of the Australian School of Petroleum (ASP) and earlier, Director of the National Centre for Petroleum Geology and Geophysics (NCPGG). He is presently Principal Advisor to the Cooperative Research Centre for Greenhouse Gas Technologies (CO2CRC), having served earlier as the Storage Program Manager and Chief Scientist.
Prior to academia, John spent 18 years in the Petroleum Industry in both technical and managerial roles with Shell, Arco and Vico. He has received numerous awards, including Distinguished Service, Honorary member and Special Commendation awards from the American Association of Petroleum Geologist (AAPG) and was AAPG's International Vice-President and recently a candidate for President. He is presently the Chairman-elect of AAPG's House of Delegates (the Associations Parliamentary body). John is an SPE Distinguished Lecturer (DL) and has served as DL for several other professional organisations, including, AAPG, IPA and PESA. He has been the author and presenter of over 150 journal articles and technical conference papers.
2015 Qu, D., Bunch, M., & Kaldi, J. (2015). CO₂ storage capacity estimation for a deep saline formation by static reservoir modelling: the Cretaceous Paaratte Formation, offshore Otway Basin, Victoria. The APPEA Journal, 55, 283-290.
2014 Allinson, W., Cinar, Y., Neal, P., Kaldi, J., & Paterson, L. (2014). CO₂-storage capacity-combining geology, engineering and economics. SPE Economics and Management, 6(1), 15-27.
2010 Kaldi, J. (2010). Geosequestration. Bulletin fuer Angewandte Geologie, 15(1), 71-77.
2008 Kaldi, J., & Lloyd, P. M. (2008). Peter M. Lloyd. AAPG BULLETIN, 92(5), 652-655.
2007 Kaldi, J. (2007). Awards presented by the International Association of Sedimentologists at the 17th International Sedimentological Congress, Fukuoka, Japan - Citation of B. Charlotte Schrieber for the Sorby Medal. Sedimentology, 54(6), 1449-1450.
2005 Kaldi, J. (2005). Geosequestration. AIG News, 80(May), 1-6.
2004 Kovack, G., Dewhurst, D., Raven, M., & Kaldi, J. (2004). The influence of composition, diagenesis and compaction on seal capacity in the Muderong Shale, Carnarvon Basin. APPEA Journal, 44(1), 201-221.
2002 Mildren, S., Hillis, R., & Kaldi, J. (2002). Calibrating predictions of fault seal reactivation in the Timor Sea. APPEA Journal, 42, 187-202.
2002 Kivior, T., Kaldi, J., & Lang, S. (2002). Seal potential in Cretaceous and Late Jurassic rocks of the Vulcan Sub-basin, northwest shelf Australia. APPEA Journal, 203-224.
2000 Jones, R., Boult, P., Hillis, R., Mildren, S., & Kaldi, J. (2000). Integrated hydrocarbon seal evaluation in the Penola Trough, Otway Basin. APPEA Journal, Journal 20, 194-212.
1997 Kaldi, J., & Atkinson, C. (1997). Evaluating seal potential: Example from the talang akar formation, offshore Northwest Java, Indonesia. AAPG Memoir, (67), 85-101.
1996 Bliefnick, D., & Kaldi, J. (1996). Pore geometry: Control on reservoir properties, Walker Creek field, Columbia and Lafayette counties, Arkansas. AAPG Bulletin, 80(7), 1027-1044.
1992 Vavra, C., Kaldi, J., & Sneider, R. (1992). Geological applications of capillary pressure: a review. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 76(6), 840-850.
1991 Woodling, G., Kaldi, J., Roe, R., & Oentarsih, K. (1991). Multidisciplinary reservoir study of the Bima Field, offshore NW Java, Indonesia. The integration of geology, geophysics, petrophysics and petroleum engineering in reservoir delineation, description and management. Proc. conference, Houston, 1990, 1-36.
1989 Kaldi, J. (1989). Diagenetic microporosity (chalky porosity), Middle Devonian Kee Scarp reef complex, Norman Wells, Northwest Territories, Canada. Sedimentary Geology, 63(3-4), 241-252.
1986 Kaldi, J. (1986). Sedimentology of sandwaves in an oolite shoal complex in the Cadeby ( Magnesian Limestone) formation (Upper Permian) of eastern England.. The English Zechstein and related topics, 63-74.
1986 Kaldi, J. (1986). Diagenesis of nearshore carbonate rocks in the Sprotbrough member of the Cadeby ( Magnesian Limestone) formation (Upper Permian) of eastern England.. The English Zechstein and related topics, 87-102.
1986 Kaldi, J. (1986). Diagenesis of nearshore carbonate rocks in the Sprotbrough Member of the Cadeby (Magnesian Limestone) Formation (Upper Permian) of eastern England. Geological Society Special Publication, 22(1), 87-102.
1986 Kaldi, J. (1986). Sedimentology of sandwaves in an oolite shoal complex in the Cadeby (Magnesian Limestone) Formation (Upper Permian) of eastern England. Geological Society Special Publication, 22(1), 63-74.
1984 KALDI, J. (1984). RESERVOIR PROPERTIES, DEPOSITIONAL-ENVIRONMENTS, DIAGENESIS OF MISSISSIPPIAN MIDALE BEDS, MIDALE FIELD, SE SASKATCHEWAN. OIL & GAS JOURNAL, 82(25), 168-&.
1982 Kaldi, J., & Gidman, J. (1982). Early diagenetic dolomite cements: examples from the Permian Lower Magnesian Limestone of England and the Pleistocene carbonates of the Bahamas.. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 52(4), 1073-1085.
1980 Kaldi, J. (1980). The origin of nodular structures in the Lower Magnesian Limestone ( Permian) of Yorkshire, England.. The Zechstein basin with emphasis on carbonate sequences, 45-60.
2012 Daniel, R., & Kaldi, J. (2012). Atlas of Australian and New Zealand hydrocarbon seals: worldwide analogs for cap rocks and intraformational barriers in clastic depositional settings. United States: The American Association of Petroleum Geologists.
2005 Boult, P., & Kaldi, J. (Eds.) (2005). Evaluating Fault and Cap Rock Seals. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists.
2014 Daniel, R. F., & Kaldi, J. (2014). Evaluating C02 column height retention of cap rocks. In P. Cook (Ed.), Geologically Storing Carbon: Learning from the Otway Project Experience (pp. 97-112). Collingwood, VIc: CSIRO Publishing.
2010 Kaldi, J., Gibson-Poole, C., & Payenberg, T. (2010). Geological input to selection and evaluation of CO2 geosequestration sites. In M. Grobe, J. C. Pashin, & R. L. Dodge (Eds.), Carbon dioxide sequestration in geological media - State of the Science (pp. 5-16). USA: The American Association of Petroleum Geologists.
2009 Daniel, R., & Kaldi, J. (2009). Evaluating seal capacity of caprocks and intraformational barriers for CO₂ containment. In Carbon dioxide sequestration in geological media - state of the science, 2009 (pp. 335-345). American Association of Petroleum Geologists.
2003 Daniel, R., Kaldi, J., & Root, R. (2003). Hydrocarbon seal evaluation, Bass Basin. In Petroleum geology of the Bass basin: interpretation report: an output of the Western Tasmanian Regional Minerals Program (pp. 167-174). Australia: Geoscience Australia.
2013 Kaldi, J., Daniel, R., Tenthorey, E., Michael, K., Schacht, U., Nicol, A., . . . Backe, G. (2013). Containment of CO₂ in CCS: Role of caprocks and faults. In 11th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies (GHGT-11); Energy Procedia, vol. 37 Vol. 37 (pp. 5403-5410). Netherlands: Elsevier BV.
2013 Allinson, W. G., Hou, W., Azizi, E., Neal, P. R., Cinar, Y., Kaldi, J., & Paterson, L. (2013). Illustrating the estimation of CO₂ storage capacity for a hypothetical injection site. In T. Dixon, & K. Yamaji (Eds.), Proceedings of GHGT-11, as published in Energy Procedia Vol. 37 (pp. 5160-5165). Kyoto, Japan: Elsevier.
2012 Lee, K., Park, M., Kim, Y., Browne, G., & Kaldi, J. (2012). CO<inf>2</inf> sequestration in deep sedimentary formations of the southwestern margin of the Ulleung Basin, offshore, east sea, Korea. In Program Book - OCEANS 2012 MTS/IEEE Yeosu: The Living Ocean and Coast - Diversity of Resources and Sustainable Activities (pp. 4 pages). Yeosu, SOUTH KOREA: IEEE.
2011 Allinson, W., Cinar, Y., Neal, P., Kaldi, J., & Paterson, L. (2011). CO<inf>2</inf> storage capacity - Combining geology, engineering, and economics. In JPT, Journal of Petroleum Technology Vol. 63 (pp. 109-111).
2011 Bunch, M., Backe, G., & Kaldi, J. (2011). Geological appraisal of an onshore CO2 storage prospect. In 10th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies; Energy Procedia, vol. 4 Vol. 4 (pp. 4625-4632). Netherlands: Elsevier BV.
2010 Allinson, W., Cinar, Y., Neal, P., Kaldi, J., & Paterson, L. (2010). CO<inf>2</inf> storage capacity - Combining geology, engineering and economics. In Society of Petroleum Engineers - SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition 2010, APOGCE 2010 Vol. 2 (pp. 1294-1314).
2009 Michael, K., Arnot, M., Cook, P., Ennis-King, J., Funnell, R., Kaldi, J., . . . Paterson, L. (2009). CO2 storage in saline aquifers I-Current state of scientific knowledge. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies (GHGT-9); Energy Procedia, vol. 1, no. 1 Vol. 1 (pp. 3197-3204). Netherlands: Elsevier BV.
2008 Daniel, R., & Kaldi, J. (2008). Evaluating seal capacity of caprocks and intraformational barriers for the geosequestration of CO2. In J. E. Blevin, & B. E. Bradshaw (Eds.), Proceedings of the PESA Eastern Australian Basins Symposiums III (pp. 475-484). CD: Petroleum Exploration Society of Australia.
2004 Daniel, R., & Kaldi, J. (2004). Atlas of Australian and New Zealand Hydrocarbon Seals. In APCRC Technical Workshop Proceedings, Program 1; Hydrocarbon Sealing Potential of Faults and Cap Rocks. (pp. 220 pages). Perth WA.
2004 Mildren, S., Hillis, R., Kivior, T., & Kaldi, J. (2004). Integrated seal assessment and geologic risk with application to the Skua Field, Timor Sea, Australia. In Timor Sea Petroleum Geoscience: Proceedings of the Timor Sea Symposium, Darwin, Northern Territory, 19-20 June, 2003 / G.K. Ellis, P.W. Baillie and T.J. Munson (editors) (pp. 275-294). Northern Territory: Northern Territory Geological Survey.
2004 Svendsen, L., Payenberg, T., Boult, P., & Kaldi, J. (2004). Seal evaluation of a fluvio-lacustrine rift to post-rift succession, the Eumeralla Formation, Otway Basin, Australia. In P. J. Boult, D. R. Johns, & S. C. Lang (Eds.), Proceedings of the PESA Eastern Australasian Basins Symposium II (pp. 447-460). Australia: Petroleum Exploration Society of Australia.
2004 Dewhurst, D., Kovack, G., Hennig, A., Bailey, W., Raven, M., & Kaldi, J. (2004). Geomechanical and lithological controls on top seal integrity on the Australian Northwest Shelf. In Gulf Rocks 2004 - 6th North America Rock Mechanics Symposium, NARMS 2004.
2002 Leetaru, H., Kaldi, J., & Kamal, R. (2002). Teaching Geology Faces Challenge. In AAPG Explorer, V23, No. 11 Vol. 23 (pp. 26). USA: American Association of Petroluem Geologists.
2001 Dragomirescu, R., Kaldi, J., Lemon, N., & Alexander, E. (2001). Triassic seals in the Cooper Basin. In K. C. Hill, & T. Bernecker (Eds.), Eastern Australasian Basins Symposium, A Refocused Energy Persepctive for the Future (pp. 311-320). CARLTON VICTORIA AUSTRALIA: Petroleum Exploration Society of Australia Limited.
1991 EVERETT, B., KALDI, J., & BURNBAUM, S. (1991). IDENTIFYING FLOW INTERVALS BY PORE GEOMETRY AND PETROPHYSICS - MIDDLE TRINITY AQUIFER, LOWER CRETACEOUS LIMESTONE. In AAPG BULLETIN Vol. 75 (pp. 1117). AMER ASSOC PETROLEUM GEOLOGIST.
1988 KALDI, J. (1988). GEOLOGICAL CONTROLS ON RESERVOIR PROPERTIES - MIDALE CARBONATES, SOUTHEASTERN SASKATCHEWAN, CANADA. In AAPG BULLETIN-AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF PETROLEUM GEOLOGISTS Vol. 72 (pp. 203-204). AMER ASSOC PETROLEUM GEOLOGIST.
1985 KALDI, J. (1985). DEPOSITIONAL-ENVIRONMENTS AND DIAGENESIS OF MISSISSIPPIAN MIDALE BEDS, MIDALE FIELD AREA, WILLISTON BASIN, SOUTHEASTERN SASKATCHEWAN. In AAPG BULLETIN-AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF PETROLEUM GEOLOGISTS Vol. 69 (pp. 852). AMER ASSOC PETROLEUM GEOLOGIST.
1982 KALDI, J. (1982). POROSITY STYLES OF THE MIDALE FIELD IN WILLISTON BASIN OF SOUTHEASTERN SASKATCHEWAN. In AAPG BULLETIN-AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF PETROLEUM GEOLOGISTS Vol. 66 (pp. 587). AMER ASSOC PETROLEUM GEOLOGIST.


Cape View is a clean school. From the playground you get that ocean breeze and smell of the sweet salt air. What a healthy lifestyle this promotes for the children! But let me say, this had no persuasion on our choice of school. We came from a local, (catholic) private school, where the staff and principal were rude to Cape View where the atmosphere is just happier. Smiling, friendly staff, both in the front office and cafeteria. Great security, the school sheriff on duty, who makes it a point to recognize and acknowledge parents. Every morning and every afternoon the car loop staff greets the parents and children with "Good morning/afternoon, have a great day." The teachers are creative and provide individual attention to the student. I think every teacher in the school knows my son's name and it is only the second week. The librarian, Mrs. Rice is a sweet heart! The principal, Jill is amazing, so personable, friendly and constantly seeking improvements for the school. It is an A rated school. I am thrilled to have my son go here!
Cape View is the best kept secret on the beach !! Excellent School, Excellent Staff, Excellent Front Office Girls !!! It is a very small school so your kids get alot of one on one and they are treated as an individual not a whole class. Wouldnt take my kids anywhere else !!
I rate this school a half a star, beautiful campus very well kept. But dont be fooled if you send your child here they may become host to parasite infestation a.k.a Head Lice. But worse, the teachers, principal, and health department will ignore it. If you dont have the time and money to treat every other month then you dont want to deal with the head ache of this schools policy. If I would have known it would have changed my mind about moving to Brevard county.
Cape View is a fantastic small neighborhood school. It has loving caring teachers and the administration is fantastic. Being a small school they can customize education plans for the needs of each child. If you want your child to thrive in a caring environment Cape View is a great school.
They don't care if your child passes or not my son is struggling in this school as well. They do not take the time to teach him they write everything on the board and they just copy it .Wow how much teaching experience do you need to do that.
My Granddaughter has gone to this school since kindergarten. The school is excellent along with the individual attention the students get. A beautiful great school just a block from the Atlantic Ocean.
My child went from a A student to a D-F student. The fourth grade math in this school is so hard they say its 6th grade level math. All the parents have addressed this problem with the school and it has yet to be taken care of. I now have a fear that my child will be retained because of this problem.
Cape View is a terrific school. The administrators and educators go over and beyond for their kids. If there are concerns, usually you will find it is due to the lack of support at the child's home. The only problem is that the school lacks overall support from parents. If more parents would contribute more time, it would be perfect!
A good school, a strict principal and moved up from a 'B' school to an 'A' school over the last two years.
Cape View Elementary is a great school I do like the size of there classroom not alot of kids,some of there teachers need improvment, and there overall security is not that great they need to work on that a whole lot you have to be there to see the rest.
This is a great school - fantastic dedicated administration, faculty, and staff. Because it has a relatively small number of students, you may find lower class sizes and enjoy a community atmosphere where you know everyone and they know your child.


text:
Q: Dictionary> has all values same as that of the last entered value I am having a dictionary of string as key and List as value.
And adding the entry in the following manner:-
allDDLs = new Dictionary<string, List<string>>();
List<string> temp;
temp = ddlData.get("INV_DDL_Access_Mechanism", "Type");
allDDLs.Add("Access_Mechanism", temp);
temp = ddlData.get("INV_DDL_Application_Operating_System", "OS_Name");

Like this, there are 18 entries. But when I debugged the code, I found that all the values are same as that of the last entered value. But the keys are fine.
For example, when I get the value for "INV_DDL_Access_Mechanism", I get the value same as that of for "INV_DDL_Application_Operating_System".
I don't know what is wrong with it. Any help would be appreciated. :-)
Thanks in advance!
EDIT 1:
Code for accessing the Dictionary values:
List<string> listOfColumns = allDDLs.Keys.ToList<string>();

for(int i = 0; i < listOfColumns.Count(); ++i) {
     string columnName = listOfColumns[i].ToString();
     List<string> tempDDL = new List<string>();
     tempDDL = allDDLs[columnName];
     List<string> columnValues = DataColumnToList(columnName, excelDataSet.Tables[0]);
     for (int j = 0; j < columnValues.Count(); ++j ) {
          if (!tempDDL.Contains(columnValues[j])) {
              errorReport.Rows[j][columnName.ToString()] = columnValues[j].ToString() + "LOLOLOL";
          }
     }
}

Edit 2:
Code of "get" method.
public List<string> get(string tableName, string parameter) {
        ds.Clear();
        valuesForDDL.Clear();
        ds = objDatabase.ByText("Select distinct " + parameter + " from " + tableName + " where Del_Status = 'Available'");
        foreach (DataRow row in ds.Tables[0].Rows) {
            valuesForDDL.Add(row.ItemArray[0].ToString());
        }
        return valuesForDDL;
}

A: You said in your comment:

I clear the list in that code before adding new items to it. And then return the list.

This could be the problem, ... if you return the same List<string> in every call of ddlData.get() (using an instance/static field or property) and you just do a List<string>.Clear() you overwrite the content of the last returned list.
In your ddlData.get() you should do a new List<string>() instead of Clear()ing an existing list.
If that isn't your problem, please post more code (especially the ddlData.get() method, or the whole class).

A: Issue is with your get method.
On every call to get you return valuesForDDL, and then on next call you clear it and repopulate it. See the bug yet?
valuesForDDL must NOT be a field. This is akin to having a global state, and global state kills. Make it local and your code will work.
public List<string> get(string tableName, string parameter) {
        var valuesForDDL = new List<Whatever>();
        var ds = objDatabase.ByText("Select distinct " + parameter + " from " + tableName + " where Del_Status = 'Available'");
        foreach (DataRow row in ds.Tables[0].Rows) {
            valuesForDDL.Add(row.ItemArray[0].ToString());
        }
        return valuesForDDL;
}

EDIT:
Orthogonal note: With LINQ, you can make this code look much more nicer. I'll refactor your code as follows:
public IEnumerable<string> Get(string tableName, string parameter) {
  var ds = objDatabase.ByText("Select distinct " + parameter +
    " from " + tableName + " where Del_Status = 'Available'");
  return ds.Tables[0].Rows.Select(row => row.ItemArray[0].ToString());
}

A: You are using the same instance of List ("temp" in your code).
Instantiate a new
List<string>

for each dllData.get(".... and it'll be just fine.
List<string> temp1 = ddlData.get("INV_DDL_Access_Mechanism", "Type");
List<string> temp2 = ddlData.get("INV_DDL_Application_Operating_System", "OS_Name");
....
allDDLs.Add("Access_Mechanism", temp1);
allDDLs.Add("Application_Operating_System", temp2);

EDIT
You would prefer not using temp variables, so use:
allDDLs.Add("Access_Mechanism", ddlData.get("INV_DDL_Access_Mechanism", "Type"));
allDDLs.Add("Application_Operating_System", ddlData.get("INV_DDL_Application_Operating_System", "OS_Name"));

If ddlData.get(...) creates a new List<string> each time, it'll work for sure.


text:
Q: $\operatorname{Fn}(\lambda,2,\lambda)$ collapses $\lambda^+$ to $\operatorname{cf}\lambda$ if $\lambda$ is singular? It is an exercise problem in Kunen (VII G5).  I shall show that $\operatorname{Fn}(\lambda, 2, \lambda)$ adds a map from $\theta = \operatorname{cf}\lambda$ onto $\lambda^+$ for singular $\lambda$. The hint of the book says: At first show that the forcing poset adds a surjection from $\theta$ to $\lambda$. Now prove that $\bigcup G$ codes every function in $V$ from $\theta$ into $\lambda$. I proved the first one but could not prove the second one.
My attempt is: regard $\operatorname{Fn}(\lambda, 2,\lambda)$ as $\operatorname{Fn}(\lambda\times \theta\times\theta, 2,\lambda)$. In $V[G]$, we can find an one-to-one correspondence $h$ between $\theta$ and $\lambda$ and it has a name $\tau$. For $q\in G$ in the forcing poset satisfying
$$q\Vdash \tau\text{ is an one-to-one correspondence between $\check{\theta}$ and $\check{\lambda}$}$$
and $x\in ({^\theta}\lambda)^V$, define
$$
\begin{align}
D_x &= \{p\mid \exists \xi<\lambda : \{\xi\}\times\theta\times\theta\subseteq \operatorname{dom}p \land \\ &\qquad\forall \mu,\nu<\theta: p(\xi,\mu,\nu)=1\iff q\Vdash \exists\sigma:\sigma=\check{x} \land \sigma(\check{\mu}) = \tau(\check{\nu})\}
\end{align}$$
If we prove $D_x$ is dense (or dense below $q$), then $\bigcup G$ may provide the function from the subset of $\lambda$ to $({^\theta}\lambda)^M$, but I don't know how to proceed it. I would appreciate your help.

A: See this post where Monroe explained this.
Let $cf(\lambda) = \theta < \lambda$. I think the problem is missing the assumption $2^{< \lambda} > \lambda$.
It is easy to check that this forcing is $\theta$-closed (so it preserves all cardinals $\leq \theta$) and that it collapses $\lambda$ to $\theta$. As you noted, if $\lambda$ is a strong limit, this has $\lambda^{+}$-c.c. so it cannot collapse cardinals $\geq \lambda^{+}$. On the other hand, if $2^{\kappa} > \lambda$, for some $\kappa < \lambda$, then the generic adds a surjection from $\lambda$ to $2^{\kappa}$ so that $\lambda^{+}$ is collapsed to $\theta$ as well.
So $\lambda^+$ is collapsed iff $2^{< \lambda} > \lambda$.


Je suivais le match d'Henman tout à l'heure et il a gagné le premier set 7-5 et a perdu le deuxième 6-2..come on Tim !
Tim vient de briser !!!! 5-4 ! YOU CAN DO IT !
je connai pas trop tim !! lol mais vais lencourager aussi !!
Saviez-vous qu'Agassi a recu 2 MILLIONS $ pour jouer à Dubai ?
je le comprend, avec cette somme la jaurai pas jouer a las vegas non plus mdr maintenant on sait pk !
qu'est ce qui ce dit ?
I like Andy, but I have to admit that my Inner Truth Seeker jumped up, punched the air, and said, "Yes!" when I read this story in The Las Vegas Sun.
Good thing Las Vegas Mayor Oscar Goodman isn't worried about selling tickets. Or refunding them. Just as predictable, hizzoner wasn't bashful about saying what was on his mind, and he didn't whisper it off the record behind closed doors in the player's lounge.
I like it when people have the guts to say what they really think, and I also like it when people hold tennis players accountable for their actions in an era characterized by rampant greed, ethical ambiguity, and an increasing sense that tennis players, like celebrities in general, are out of touch with the covenant they make with fans. Celebs today have figured out that as long as they keep finding ways to stay in the public eye, they can do—or not do—anything they want. I've written about this before, calling it the Caligula Complex.
Ironically, Andy always struck me as one of the more responsible athletes in this regard. It's unfortunate that he was the one who led a stand-up guy like Mayor Goodman to pop up on our radar. But these days, you've got to take your up-front and honest folks wherever you can find them, especially among politicians!
My take on the Andy issue: If it was just fatigue, it was wrong for Andy to pull out. However, I respect him for having the decency to be honest about it, instead of cooking up some phony-baloney injury in a cheap attempt to have it both ways: get out of a tournament commitment, yet not anger or alienate the fan base.
At the same time, I imagine that the fatigue Roddick cites is metaphorical as well as literal. He must be tired of the relentless speculation about his coaching upheavals, the wisdom of the apparent "catch Roger" strategy that seems to have been driving his approach to tennis for almost two years, and the spate of recent losses that can be traced back to the disastrous Gilles Muller loss at the U.S. Open.
I get the feeling that Andy is experiencing some turmoil and is looking to buy a little time in an effort to regroup and get things back under control. This may be a defining moment in his career: a time when he rethinks his entire program and either finds a way to punch back up to take his place among a Big Four (Federer, Nadal, Safin, Roddick), or a time when he accepts a not entirely horrific fate as the King of the Second Tier.
One of the selling points of Las Vegas' version of the Tennis Channel Open is that it is so much more than just an ATP tour stop.
There is no shortage of things you can do on the midway at the spiffy Darling Tennis Center out in Summerlin while the guys with the big serves who wear their ball caps backward are changing sides.
You can have your serve timed, and see how it measures up against the guys with the big serves and backward ball caps. There are parlor games, such as table tennis and air hockey. There is a women's tournament and a junior tournament and a platform tennis tournament and a couple of college matches featuring the UNLV women's team. There's music and art and instructional clinics and exhibits and trivia contests. There's even a contest to see who can string a tennis racquet the fastest.
That's because Roddick, the world's fourth-ranked player *il est pas encore 3 me semble * and the TCO's top seed and biggest attraction, announced Friday, fewer than 72 hours before the start of the tournament, that he was withdrawing because of fatigue.
Actually, that's what the tournament organizers would call it if they had a big racquet in their bag. But this tournament is such a good idea that it actually might last a year or two beyond this one. And then they might need Roddick, or at least his name, to sell tickets again next year.
So tournament organizers refused to call him for a blatant double fault: Saying he would play, and then lying about it.
Tournament director Steve Bellamy said something about how the TCO would have loved to have had Roddick but because the field is so deep, it wouldn't miss him all that much. How predictable.
Earlier, Bellamy said Roddick "felt bad'' about pulling out, but he (Roddick) didn't think he "had the energy'' to go the distance here.
That has got to be the weakest excuse since the late Redd Foxx told the IRS that the check was in the mail. Too fatigued? Lack of energy? You're 23 years old, Andy. Have a Gatorade for cryin' out loud. Take the supermodels home early and get a good night's sleep.
The tournament committee apparently was so busy trying to get the hospitality tents set up that it didn't have time to update the official Web site over the weekend.
Roddick's picture and statistics were still all over it. If you didn't see The Mayor go ballistic Saturday night on Channel 8, you would swear he was still playing. For instance, by midday Sunday, nobody had made an effort to take down Roddick's giant likeness from the stanchions lining Durango Drive on the way into the tennis center.
The line forms behind Mayor Goodman..
Et ça dit qu'à 23 ans tu devrais pas être fatigué. Que pour remédier à la situation il peut prendre un Gatorade et amené les mannequins plutôt chez lui *fiesta hen* et prendre une bonne nuit de sommeil.
non mais jy crois pas !!!!!!!!!!sa " m'ecoeure " , moi je serai fan , je minquièterais pour lui je men ficherai davoir acheter des billets et quil y soit pas , il y a dautre joueur a aller voir !!
Quand j'ai lu j'ai voulu faire un meurtre L'argent mène le monde hen..ils s'en fouttent qu'Andy jouent 11 mois par année pratiquement et que OUI après 3 tournois de suite ON PEUT être fatigué MÊME À 23 ANS.


Four months after returning from my expedition to the incredible Galápagos Islands, I finally got around to editing the 5 hours worth of footage which I filmed during my time there. The video has now been uploaded onto my YouTube channel and can be viewed below.
This was really one of my first attempts at making a mini wildlife documentary and with all things considered I don't think it turned out too badly. I didn't originally go out to Galápagos with the intention of making this video. I took some of my kit with me on the off chance that I would get some time off from the research to do a little bit of filming.
As the research was my reason for being in Galápagos I unfortunately didn't get the chance to see even half of the amazing diversity that the islands had to offer. However, I was very happy I got to see some of my favourites including green turtles, hammerheads, boobies, Galápagos tortoises and marine iguanas. Sadly, I didn't see any waved albatross, flightless cormorants, Galápagos hawk, racer snakes, Galápagos sharks and whale sharks. But hey, I guess that means I will have to do a return trip to film at some point (what a shame!).
So I hope you enjoy my video and it inspires you to go and see for yourself the incredibly unique diversity of Galápagos.


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text:
Q: UDP Loadbalancing Alternative in EKS It's come to my attention that NLB does not support UDP, or any other type of LoadBalancer on AWS. I am deploying an application on Kubernetes with the following constraints:

*

*I need multiple pods running on multiple node, not using host networking

*I need to route traffic (UDP/TCP) to this deployment

*The pods should be used interchangeably (a given user's traffic might be routed to pod A on node 1 or pod B on node 2, and I shouldn't have to worry)

*It doesn't have to give me a static IP / AWS NLB domain / or a given domain, as long as the LoadBalancer gives me something to connect to my pods through, I don't care what it looks like.

Any guidance would be appreciate!

A: Seems like UDP LBs are on the roadmap for AWS, but still unavailable according to this. But DNS round-robin, and setting up your own LB are common approaches mentioned in the community to address the lack of UDP support for AWS LB services.
Hope this helps!


This washed linen knit tee looks just as good over jeans as it does over the most classical of pants.
It suits a cami underneath or just a black bra!
Proudly made in Melbourne by Lorena Laing and her group of local artisans.


If you caught The Code's premiere on CBS on April 9, you have a pretty good idea what you're in for.
Like the popular long-running drama JAG, The Code digs into a military workplace where prosecutors and defense attorneys — friends and frenemies — will face off in court, each side aiming towards a fair verdict. Rules and codes are heavily discussed... and sometimes bent. But only to clear the swiftest path to justice.
One such rule-bending prosecutor, Captain John "Abe" Abraham (Luke Mitchell) is particularly daring and determined to seek out some justice. As we learn in the series premiere, Abe's former CO and pal — who helped Abe learn about life after injury when he pushed him towards law school — has been murdered by one of his own men. Can he get to the bottom of this deceiving crime?
Below, Mitchell gives us the scoop on his protective prosecutor.
Now that we've met this guy, what would you say makes Abe tick?
Luke Mitchell: He's extremely driven. He's a third-generation Marine. And he was always going to be a Marine because it's in his family. And then he gets injured. He gets shot in his leg. And then all of a sudden, he can't do that. He can't do the one thing. So, he re-directs his energy, goes to night school, and becomes a lawyer. All of that physical competitiveness is now channeled into the intellectual side of things. And he loves it. He thrives in the courtroom.
And he's kind of got a sense of humor too, I've noticed.
Definitely. He's definitely a little cheeky and I'm very glad of that because I'm a little cheeky in real life, so it's nice to find some humor amongst the seriousness.
How affected is he going to be by this murder case moving forward?
[The murder] really sets Abe off on a very interesting journey. He has a line early on, if I can recall it, I just watched it in the trailer. "We don't pursue ideals, we pursue outcomes." And so, he's about using his smarts to get an outcome in the case. This new case has thrown him a curveball. You're going to see a more raw version of him because he has to take on the case of his dead best friend.
What did you do to prepare for this role mentally and physically?
Well, it all happened very quickly. First and foremost, I shaved my beard, because I had a beard for two and a half years for Blindspot. I had to move back to New York. We were living in New York and then we moved back to LA, and then a week and a half into moving back to LA and shipping all the furniture to LA, they're like, 'Hey! Pack your bags!' So, I moved back to New York and I'm very happy to be back here.
I guess the first thing I really did was, [executive producer] Craig Sweeney recommended a book to read, just on what it's like to be a Marine, to go through the training. It's called One Bullet Away: The Making of a Marine Officer. It blew my mind. It's such a riveting account of this guy who just wants to join the Marines to prove himself. He joins up and tells you in a lot of detail what training is like and how full-on it is and why it's so full-on to prepare you for real-life situations. I just developed such a respect for the Marine Corps and all the vets. I'm just not that tough. Me, as a person, I take my hat off to the Marine Corps. They're just amazing.
Do we get to see Abe in combat at all this season?
Yeah, I think it's safe to say that we'll probably see Abe in combat. It's such an interesting story that I think I can hint at that. But certainly, every episode we have the investigation side of things, so an incident could occur anywhere around the world, on or outside of a Marine base.
Right. The scope of the series sounds insane.
We go to Afghanistan, we go to Somalia–it's all Staten Island. Technically, it's overseas... we cross the bridge. [laughs] Yeah, so every episode, something happens and at least one or two of us is called to go and investigate. So there's the very real danger of it whether we're actually in battle, or in just a dangerous zone.
Is Abe ever tempted to rebel and break the rules during work hours?
He's not a rule breaker, but he's absolutely a rule bender. He knows the rules so well that he knows how to bend them, how to play.
Are we going to see him clash with any authority figures on the show?
Absolutely. There's doing the right thing and saying the right thing, but then there's behaviors and tone and things like that. That was one of the interesting things I read in the book I mentioned because I really didn't have any understanding of the military before this at all. We do have help though. We have an ex-Marine who is on hand to help us with everything from uniforms to saluting. But my understanding was so limited before I started, and from a limited viewpoint, it may be easy to look at the Marines or the Army as, I don't know, I certainly don't want to offend anyone, but almost robotic. They do what they're told and this is the chain of command and that's that.
But the thing that I read in this book that really interested me was, yes they receive orders, but they're still human beings. So if they receive an order, they may disagree with that order, and then they have to wrestle with whether they should actually carry out the order, or find a way within the rules to not take that action for whatever reason. And they're in very precarious situations where lives are on the line, both American or civilians overseas. There is a real human element to it.
Is there anything going on in his personal life you can tease for us? Does he have any romantic entanglements?
You will definitely see some romantic developments. I don't know how much I can say on that front. I will say he has a very interesting relationship with Maya [Captain Maya Dobbins, played by Anna Wood], who is basically his equal but is a defense attorney. So they're about the same age, they're very good at what they do, and they're both extremely competitive. Their relationship is definitely going to be an interesting one to explore long-term.
What have been your favorite scenes to shoot so far?


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text:
How government cronies were gifted a fast track to PPE profits
by Tomáš Tengely-Evans
Published Thu 19 Nov 2020
Supply of crucial equipment led to profits for a few (Pic: Socialist Worker)
Boris Johnson has boasted he is "proud" of the disastrous way officials supplied PPE protective kit during the pandemic. It came after a damning investigation by the National Audit Office (NAO) parliamentary watchdog found firms with political connections were ten times more likely to win contracts.
Almost 500 firms with links to "government officials, ministers' offices, MPs and members of the House of Lords, senior NHS staff and other health professionals" were handed contracts.
They included companies connected to senior ministers in the Johnson cabinet and a company that helped the Conservative general election campaign in 2019.
The government gave away around £18 billion of coronavirus-related contracts during the first six months of the coronavirus pandemic.
More than half of those contracts—worth some £10.5 billion—were handed out without the usual bidding process.
The government set up a "high-priority lane" to "process potential PPE leads" from politicians and state bureaucrats. They included "government officials, ministers' offices, MPs and members of the House of Lords, senior NHS staff and other health professionals".
The NAO found "one in ten suppliers processed through the high-priority lane obtained contracts compared to less than one in a hundred suppliers that came through the ordinary lane".
While fewer than 250 sources for the "leads" were recorded, the majority came from Tory MPs. Some 144 "came from the private offices of ministers". This included "referrals from MPs who had gone to ministers with a possible manufacturer in their constituency". And "where private individuals had written to the minister or the private office with offers of help".
One of the biggest contracts—worth more than £250 million—was awarded to Ayanda Capital Ltd "following a referral by an NHS official". At the time Ayanda's senior adviser was also an adviser to the Board of Trade, an agency run by Tory international trade secretary Liz Truss.
On top of Tory politicians, some "64 leads were direct from MPs or members of the House of Lords not in government".
These saw leads from state bureaucrats, including "21 leads were from officials, such as a Department of International Trade network that was looking for sources worldwide". "The private office of the Permanent Secretary of the Department of Health & Social Care"—a senior civil servant—was also in on the game.
Tories' virus failures cost lives for profit
And "these leads had been pre-sifted for credibility by being referred by a senior credible source".
The problem went beyond contracts for PPE protective kit—and included firms that began work before the official start date of a contract.
The Cabinet Office handed a contract worth up to £1.5 million to Topham Guerin for "publicity campaign coordination" on 7 May. But, the report found, the company had started on 17 March "without evidence of documented requirements prior to the work beginning".
Topham Guerin was part of the Tory party's online strategy during the general election campaign in 2019.
The outsourcing corruption during the pandemic is a symptom of privatisation, which puts millions into the hands of private firms.
The scandal shows there is plenty of money to fund the NHS, social care, other public services and working class people's needs. It's just in the wrong hands—and we should take it out away from the Tories' rich friends and bosses.
For earlier Socialist Worker articles on the contracts scandal go here, here and here
Thu 19 Nov 2020, 09:51 GMT
The private firms making a killing from Covid
Face masks that didn't fit, the tax haven, and who profited
Cummings' PR mates keep getting lucrative contracts
Panicked Tories announce lockdown - but it is too little, too late
Universal Credit claimants living in poverty during pandemic
Tories cannot be trusted with Covid-19 vaccines
A fine scapegoat for many Tory failures
'They are putting profit first'—residents in Hull speak out as virus cases soar
Tories play divide and rule to push through public sector pay freeze
Fight Rishi Sunak's pay attack on workers in public sector
The pandemic, debt and economic power


The city walls and an avenue of lime trees provide Dane John gardens a sense of enclosure and escape from the busy road and bustling shopping centre just a few yards away. There are excellent views over the city and the surrounding countryside from the top of the mound.
Within the gardens is a safe play area for children, a bandstand – a venue for traditional concerts throughout the summer – and a fountain which provides the focus for the shaded walk along the avenue of lime trees.


This '60's-built home in rural New Brunswick was refreshed by spending no money except on paint and fabric. Everything was reclaimed and renewed, employing vintage and natural goodies from around the barns and fields to style and organize. The result was a comfortable, relaxed, rustic retreat.


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Matteo Trentin customizes Sidi shoes in honour of healthcare workers
Jun 23 2020 02:04 am CET
Photo of Matteo Trentin by CCC Team
CCC Team's Matteo Trentin has customized his Sidi shoes to thank the healthcare workers that have been fighting against the Covid-19 pandemic.
Italy was the first European country to be hit by the coronavirus and soon became one of the places that was also hit the hardest in the first months of the pandemic. The Italian rider wanted to honour the nurses, doctors and other healthcare professionals that have been fighting on the first line against the virus and saving lives.
"I saw this image by an English cartoonist that immediately provoked a strong reaction in me," said Trentin. "While his work is a direct message, I thought that the situation that the whole world is facing deserved an honest response. There is no intent behind the use of this image other than to raise people's spirits with this striking cartoon."
The image printed in the shoes of the Italian rider shows a nurse facing the already known image of the pathogen of the Covid-19 that is portrayed also with an evil face. The posture of the nurse represents the tenacity, spirit and sacrifice of those people that are in the battle against the virus.
The shoes have been specially customized for Trentin and won't be available in the Sidi catalogue. But this special shoes will be auctioned for charity at the end of the season.
MATTEO TRENTIN
CCC TEAM