text:
using System;
using System.CodeDom;
using System.CodeDom.Compiler;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Globalization;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Text;
using Luma.SimpleEntity.Generators;
using Luma.SimpleEntity.Helpers;
using Luma.SimpleEntity.Server;
using Microsoft.CSharp;
using Microsoft.VisualBasic;
using Luma.SimpleEntity.Tools;

namespace Luma.SimpleEntity
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Helper base class to generate the client proxy code using a combination of Reflection and CodeDom
    /// </summary>
    public abstract class CodeDomClientCodeGenerator : IClientCodeGenerator, ILogger
    {
        // This is the logical name of this code generator, which is used by the ClientCodeGenerationDispatcher
        // when choosing a code generator.  We use our own type name to minimize the chance of duplication
        // by a customer.  Do not change this value because customers will be told to use this string when they
        // want to name the default code generator.
        public const string GeneratorName = "Luma.SimpleEntity.CodeDomClientCodeGenerator";

        /// <summary>
        /// These imports will be added to all namespaces generated in the client proxy file
        /// </summary>
        private static readonly string[] FixedImports =
        {
            "System",
            "System.Collections.Generic",
            "System.Collections.ObjectModel",
            "System.ComponentModel",
            "System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations",                       // [Key], [Validation]
            "System.Linq",
            "System.Threading.Tasks"                                       // Task
        };

        private CodeCompileUnit _compileUnit;
        private CodeDomProvider _provider;
        private CodeGeneratorOptions _options;
        private Dictionary<string, CodeNamespace> _namespaces;
        private HashSet<Type> _enumTypesToGenerate;
        private ClientCodeGenerationOptions _clientProxyCodeGenerationOptions;
        private ICodeGenerationHost _host;
        private List<EntityDescription> _entityDescriptions;

        #region ClientCodeGenerator Members

        public string GenerateCode(ICodeGenerationHost host, IEnumerable<EntityDescription> entityDescriptions, ClientCodeGenerationOptions options)
        {
            try
            {
                // Initialize all instance state
                this.Initialize(host, entityDescriptions, options);

                // Generate the code
                return this.GenerateProxyClass();
            }
            finally
            {
                // Dispose and release all instance state
                this.Cleanup();
            }
        }

        internal void Initialize(ICodeGenerationHost host, IEnumerable<EntityDescription> descriptions, ClientCodeGenerationOptions options)
        {
            if (host == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("host");
            }

            if (options == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("options");
            }

            if (descriptions == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("descriptions");
            }

            // Initialize all the instance variables
            this._host = host;
            this._clientProxyCodeGenerationOptions = options;

            this._entityDescriptions = descriptions.ToList();
            this._compileUnit = new CodeCompileUnit();

            this._namespaces = new Dictionary<string, CodeNamespace>();
            this._enumTypesToGenerate = new HashSet<Type>();

            CodeDomClientCodeGenerator.ValidateOptions(this._clientProxyCodeGenerationOptions);

            // Unconditionally initialize some options
            CodeGeneratorOptions cgo = new CodeGeneratorOptions();
            cgo.IndentString = "    ";
            cgo.VerbatimOrder = false;
            cgo.BlankLinesBetweenMembers = true;
            cgo.BracingStyle = "C";
            this._options = cgo;

            // Choose the provider for the language.  C# is the default if unspecified.
            string language = this.ClientProxyCodeGenerationOptions.Language;
            bool isCSharp = String.IsNullOrEmpty(language) || String.Equals(language, "C#", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
            this._provider = isCSharp ? (CodeDomProvider)new CSharpCodeProvider() : (CodeDomProvider)new VBCodeProvider();

            // Configure our code gen utility package
            CodeGenUtilities.Initialize(!this.IsCSharp, this.ClientProxyCodeGenerationOptions.UseFullTypeNames, this.ClientProxyCodeGenerationOptions.ClientRootNamespace);
        }

        private void Cleanup()
        {
            // Dispose and release all instance variables
            CodeDomProvider provider = this._provider;
            this._provider = null;
            if (provider != null)
            {
                provider.Dispose();
            }
            this._compileUnit = null;
            this._namespaces = null;
            this._enumTypesToGenerate = null;
            this._entityDescriptions = null;
            this._host = null;
            this._options = null;
            this._clientProxyCodeGenerationOptions = null;
        }

        #endregion ClientCodeGenerator Members

        /// <summary>
        /// Creates a new instance.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This form of the constructor exists to allow construction by the <see cref="System.Web.Compilation.ClientBuildManager"/> to
        /// create an ASP.NET app domain.  Callers of this contructor must call <see cref="Initialize"/> after instantiation before using
        /// this instance.
        /// </remarks>
        public CodeDomClientCodeGenerator()
        {
        }

        internal ICodeGenerationHost CodeGenerationHost
        {
            get
            {
                return this._host;
            }
        }

        internal IEnumerable<EntityDescription> EntityDescriptions
        {
            get
            {
                return this._entityDescriptions.ToArray();
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets the options used to initialize this context.
        /// </summary>
        internal ClientCodeGenerationOptions ClientProxyCodeGenerationOptions
        {
            get
            {
                return this._clientProxyCodeGenerationOptions;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets a value indicating whether or not this instance is generating C# code.
        /// </summary>
        internal bool IsCSharp
        {
            get
            {
                return this.Provider is CSharpCodeProvider;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets a value indicating whether or not this instance is generating Visual basic code.
        /// </summary>
        internal bool IsVB
        {
            get
            {
                return this.Provider is VBCodeProvider;
            }
        }

        internal string ClientProjectName
        {
            get
            {
                return Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(this.ClientProxyCodeGenerationOptions.ClientProjectPath);
            }
        }
        private CodeCompileUnit CompileUnit
        {
            get
            {
                return this._compileUnit;
            }
        }

        private CodeDomProvider Provider
        {
            get
            {
                return this._provider;
            }
        }

        private string GenerateProxyClass()
        {
            var generatedCode = string.Empty;

            // Analyze the assemblies to extract all the EntityDescriptions
            var allDescriptions = _entityDescriptions;
            var generatedEntityTypes = new List<Type>();
            var generatedComplexTypes = new List<Type>();
            var typeMapping = new Dictionary<Type, CodeTypeDeclaration>();

            // Used to queue CodeProcessor invocations
            var codeProcessorQueue = new Queue<CodeProcessorWorkItem>();

            // Before we begin codegen, we want to register type names with our codegen
            // utilities so that we can avoid type name conflicts later.
            PreprocessProxyTypes();

            // Generate a new proxy class for each entity we found.
            // OrderBy type name of entity to give code-gen predictability
            foreach (var dsd in allDescriptions)
            {
                // Log information level message to help users see progress and debug code-gen issues
                LogMessage(string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, Resource.CodeGen_Generating));

                // Generate all entities.
                GenerateDataContractTypes(dsd.EntityTypes, generatedEntityTypes, Resource.ClientCodeGen_EntityTypesCannotBeShared_Reference, t =>
                {
                    new EntityProxyGenerator(this, t, allDescriptions, typeMapping).Generate();
                });
            }

            // If there are no entityDescriptions, we do not generate any client proxies
            // We don't consider this an error, since this task might be invoked before the user has created any.
            if (allDescriptions.Count == 0)
            {
                return generatedCode;
            }

            // Generate any enum types we have decided we need to generate
            this.GenerateAllEnumTypes();

            // Fix up CodeDOM graph before invoking CodeProcessors
            this.FixUpCompileUnit(this.CompileUnit);

            // Invoke CodeProcessors after we've completed our CodeDOM graph
            while (codeProcessorQueue.Count > 0)
            {
                // Allow CodeProcessors to do post processing work
                CodeProcessorWorkItem workItem = codeProcessorQueue.Dequeue();
                this.InvokeCodeProcessor(workItem);
            }

            // Write the entire "file" to a single string to permit us to redirect it
            // to a file, a TextBuffer, etc
            if (!this.CodeGenerationHost.HasLoggedErrors)
            {
                using (TextWriter t = new StringWriter(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture))
                {
                    this.Provider.GenerateCodeFromCompileUnit(this.CompileUnit, t, this._options);
                    generatedCode = this.FixupVBOptionStatements(t.ToString());
                }
            }

            return generatedCode;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Generates a new CodeNamespace or reuses an existing one of the given name.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="namespaceName">The namespace name. <c>null</c> is allowed.</param>
        /// <returns>namespace with the given name.</returns>
        internal CodeNamespace GetOrGenNamespace(string namespaceName)
        {
            this.EnsureInitialized();

            CodeNamespace ns = null;
            string namespaceKey = namespaceName;

            // Types in the global namespace will have a null namespace name
            if (namespaceKey == null)
            {
                namespaceKey = string.Empty;
            }

            if (!this._namespaces.TryGetValue(namespaceKey, out ns))
            {
                ns = new CodeNamespace(namespaceName);
                this._namespaces[namespaceKey] = ns;

                if (!this.ClientProxyCodeGenerationOptions.UseFullTypeNames)
                {
                    // Add all the fixed namespace imports
                    foreach (string fixedImport in FixedImports)
                    {
                        var import = new CodeNamespaceImport(fixedImport);
                        ns.Imports.Add(import);
                    }
                }

                this.CompileUnit.Namespaces.Add(ns);
            }
            return ns;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets the <see cref="CodeNamespace"/> for a <see cref="CodeTypeDeclaration"/>.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="typeDecl">A <see cref="CodeTypeDeclaration"/>.</param>
        /// <returns>A <see cref="CodeNamespace"/> or null.</returns>
        internal CodeNamespace GetNamespace(CodeTypeDeclaration typeDecl)
        {
            this.EnsureInitialized();
            string namespaceKey = typeDecl.UserData["Namespace"] as string;
            // Types in the global namespace will have a null namespace name
            if (namespaceKey == null)
            {
                namespaceKey = string.Empty;
            }
            CodeNamespace ns;
            this._namespaces.TryGetValue(namespaceKey, out ns);
            return ns;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Generates a new CodeNamespace or reuses an existing one of the given name correponding to the namespace
        /// of the given type.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="type">The <see cref="Type"/> to get or generate a <see cref="CodeNamespace"/> for.</param>
        /// <returns><see cref="CodeNamespace"/> with the given type's namespace.</returns>
        internal CodeNamespace GetOrGenNamespace(Type type)
        {
            this.EnsureInitialized();
            return this.GetOrGenNamespace(type.Namespace);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Registers that the given <paramref name="enumType"/>
        /// will be referenced in code generation.  This will cause that
        /// type to be registered for deferred generation if we determine
        /// that is required.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="enumType">The type of an enum we need to generate.</param>
        internal void RegisterUseOfEnumType(Type enumType)
        {
            // Quick out if already registered, else probe to see if client sees it
            if (!this._enumTypesToGenerate.Contains(enumType) && this.NeedToGenerateEnumType(enumType))
            {
                this._enumTypesToGenerate.Add(enumType);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Generates all the enum type declarations we have determined
        /// are necessary in the client code.
        /// </summary>
        internal void GenerateAllEnumTypes()
        {
            foreach (Type enumType in this._enumTypesToGenerate)
            {
                CodeNamespace codeNamespace = this.GetOrGenNamespace(enumType.Namespace);
                CodeTypeDeclaration enumTypeDecl = CodeGenUtilities.CreateEnumTypeDeclaration(enumType, this);
                codeNamespace.Types.Add(enumTypeDecl);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Determines whether the given enum type may be exposed to the client
        /// proxy classes.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="enumType">The enum type to test.</param>
        /// <param name="errorMessage">The error message that describes the problem (if <c>false</c> is returned).</param>
        /// <returns><c>true</c> if the proxy classes can legally refer to this enum type.</returns>
        internal bool CanExposeEnumType(Type enumType, out string errorMessage)
        {
            errorMessage = null;

            // We do not expose enum's unless they are public and not nested
            if (!enumType.IsPublic || enumType.IsNested)
            {
                errorMessage = Resource.Enum_Type_Must_Be_Public;
                return false;
            }

            // Determine whether it is visible to the client.  If so,
            // it is legal to expose without generating it.
            if ((this.GetTypeShareKind(enumType) & CodeMemberShareKind.Shared) != 0)
            {
                return true;
            }

            // The enum is not shared (i.e. not visible to the client).
            // We block attempts to generate anything from system assemblies
            if (enumType.Assembly.IsSystemAssembly())
            {
                errorMessage = Resource.Enum_Type_Cannot_Gen_System;
                return false;
            }

            return true;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Determines whether the given <paramref name="enumType"/>
        /// must be generated in client code in order to generate
        /// references to it.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This method checks whether the enum type is already visible
        /// to the client via shared source files or assembly references.
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="enumType">The enum type in question.</param>
        /// <returns><c>true</c> if it's necessary to generate the enum,
        /// <c>false</c> if it was detected as being visible to the client project.</returns>
        internal bool NeedToGenerateEnumType(Type enumType)
        {
            Debug.Assert(enumType != null && enumType.IsEnum, "enumType must be non-null and an enum type");

            // If we made a positive decision about this before, immediate "yes"
            if (!this._enumTypesToGenerate.Contains(enumType))
            {
                // Ask whether client can see this enum type.
                // A positive response means we do not need to generate it.
                if ((this.GetTypeShareKind(enumType) & CodeMemberShareKind.Shared) != 0)
                {
                    return false;
                }
            }
            return true;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Generates a data contract type (entity or complex type).
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="typesToGenerate">The enumerable of types to generate.</param>
        /// <param name="generatedTypes">The types already generated. This keeps track of
        /// types we've generated across domain service instances.</param>
        /// <param name="sharedError">The error to emit if the type is visible through a reference.</param>
        /// <param name="generateType">The method that code gens the type.</param>
        private void GenerateDataContractTypes(IEnumerable<Type> typesToGenerate, List<Type> generatedTypes, string sharedError, Action<Type> generateType)
        {
            foreach (Type t in typesToGenerate.OrderBy(e => e.Name))
            {
                // Type has already been generated, continue.
                if (generatedTypes.Contains(t))
                {
                    continue;
                }

                // More expensive check -- determine whether some type already
                // visible to the client has generated this same type. This condition arises
                // when entity living in different assembly become visible
                // to this code gen process. We disallow code gen when the type is already visible.
                // The user can acheive accessing multiple types through references to libraries.
                CodeMemberShareKind typeShareKind = GetTypeShareKind(t);

                if (typeShareKind == CodeMemberShareKind.SharedByReference)
                {
                    // Log error, but continue as to allow other errors/warnings to collect.
                    LogError(string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, sharedError, t));
                    continue;
                }

                generatedTypes.Add(t);

                // Generate the entity type proxy
                generateType(t);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Validates whether the given <see cref="ClientCodeGenerationOptions"/> options are correct.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="clientProxyCodeGenerationOptions">Options to validate</param>
        private static void ValidateOptions(ClientCodeGenerationOptions clientProxyCodeGenerationOptions)
        {
            // A null is not acceptable
            if (clientProxyCodeGenerationOptions == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("clientProxyCodeGenerationOptions");
            }

            // The language property may not be null.
            if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(clientProxyCodeGenerationOptions.Language))
            {
                throw new ArgumentException(Resource.Null_Language_Property, "clientProxyCodeGenerationOptions");
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Validates the <see cref="Initialize"/> method was called before attempting to use this instance.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// <see cref="Initialize"/> is called from the normal ctor, but it is bypassed when the parameterless
        /// ctor is used to instantiate this in another AppDomain using the parameterless ctor.
        /// </remarks>
        private void EnsureInitialized()
        {
            if (this._clientProxyCodeGenerationOptions == null)
            {
                throw new InvalidOperationException(Resource.ClientProxyGenerator_Initialize_Not_Called);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Examines a <see cref="EntityDescription"/> to discover and invoke <see cref="CodeProcessor"/> types.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="workItem">The <see cref="CodeProcessorWorkItem"/> unit of work.</param>
        private void InvokeCodeProcessor(CodeProcessorWorkItem workItem)
        {
            Type codeProcessorType = workItem.CodeProcessorType;
            EntityDescription entityDescription = workItem.EntityDescription;
            IDictionary<Type, CodeTypeDeclaration> typeMapping = workItem.TypeMapping;

            // Verify the type defined is a valid CodeProcessor
            if (!typeof(CodeProcessor).IsAssignableFrom(codeProcessorType))
            {
                this.LogError(
                    string.Format(
                        CultureInfo.CurrentCulture,
                        Resource.ClientCodeGen_CodeProcessor_NotValidType,
                        codeProcessorType));
                return;
            }

            // Verify the type has a default constructor that accepts a CodeDomProvider
            ConstructorInfo codeProcessorCtor =
                codeProcessorType.GetConstructor(
                    BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance,
                    null,
                    new Type[] { typeof(CodeDomProvider) },
                    null);

            if (codeProcessorCtor == null)
            {
                this.LogError(
                    string.Format(
                        CultureInfo.CurrentCulture,
                        Resource.ClientCodeGen_CodeProcessor_InvalidConstructorSignature,
                        codeProcessorType,
                        typeof(CodeDomProvider)));
                return;
            }

            try
            {
                // Create a new CodeProcessor and invoke it
                var postProcessor = codeProcessorCtor.Invoke(new object[] { this._provider }) as CodeProcessor;
                postProcessor.ProcessGeneratedCode(entityDescription, this.CompileUnit, typeMapping);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                if (ex.IsFatal())
                {
                    throw;
                }

                // Unwrap TargetInvocationExceptions
                TargetInvocationException tie = ex as TargetInvocationException;
                if (tie != null && tie.InnerException != null)
                {
                    ex = tie.InnerException;
                }

                // Intercept the exception to log it
                this.LogError(
                    string.Format(
                        CultureInfo.CurrentCulture,
                        Resource.ClientCodeGen_CodeProcessor_ExceptionCaught,
                        codeProcessorType,
                        ex.Message));

                // Since we can't handle the exception, let it continue.
                throw;
            }
        }

        private void FixUpCompileUnit(CodeCompileUnit compileUnit)
        {
            CodeDomVisitor visitor = new ClientProxyFixupCodeDomVisitor(this.ClientProxyCodeGenerationOptions);
            visitor.Visit(compileUnit);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// This method adds explicity VB Option statements:
        /// Option Explicit On
        /// Option Strict On
        /// Option Infer On
        /// Option Compare Binary
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// The VBCodeProvider automatically adds the Option Explicit and Strict to the generaged code and it
        /// has an undocumented way to explicitly set these two options:
        ///
        ///  ' Option Strict On
        ///  CompileUnit.UserData.Add("AllowLateBound", False)
        ///  ' Option Explicit On
        ///  CompileUnit.UserData.Add("RequireVariableDeclaration", True)
        ///
        /// but it does not generate the Option Infer and Compare code and provides no way to do it.
        /// This method provides a work-around this limitation and for code clarity we are setting all
        /// the options in one place.
        ///
        /// Setting all these options explicitly serves two purposes:
        /// - make sure the generated code is type-safe and
        /// - reduce the test matrix particularly since the VB designer allows for setting these options at
        ///   project level.
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="code">the VB code</param>
        /// <returns>the fixed up VB code</returns>
        private string FixupVBOptionStatements(string code)
        {
            if (!this.IsCSharp && code != null)
            {
                StringBuilder strBuilder = new StringBuilder(code);

                // We need to change Option Strict from Off to On and add
                // Option Infer and Compare.  Option Explict is ok.
                string optionStrictOff = "Option Strict Off";
                string optionStrictOn = "Option Strict On";
                string optionInferOn = "Option Infer On";
                string optionCompareBinary = "Option Compare Binary";

                int idx = code.IndexOf(optionStrictOff, StringComparison.Ordinal);

                if (idx != -1)
                {
                    strBuilder.Replace(optionStrictOff, optionStrictOn, idx, optionStrictOff.Length);
                    strBuilder.Insert(idx, optionInferOn + Environment.NewLine);
                    strBuilder.Insert(idx, optionCompareBinary + Environment.NewLine);
                }
                return strBuilder.ToString();
            }
            return code;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Preprocesses Entity type names to enforce nesting restrictions and avoid conflicts later in codegen.
        /// </summary>
        private void PreprocessProxyTypes()
        {
            foreach (EntityDescription dsd in this.EntityDescriptions)
            {
                // Register all associated Entity type names
                foreach (Type entityType in dsd.EntityTypes)
                {
                    this.RegisterTypeName(entityType, entityType.Namespace);
                }
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Registers an individual type name with the underlying codegen infrastructure.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="type">The type to register.</param>
        /// <param name="containingNamespace">The containing namespace.</param>
        private void RegisterTypeName(Type type, string containingNamespace)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(type.Namespace))
            {
                this.LogError(string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, Resource.ClientCodeGen_Namespace_Required, type));
                return;
            }

            // Check if we're in conflict
            if (!CodeGenUtilities.RegisterTypeName(type, containingNamespace))
            {
                // Aggressively check for potential conflicts across other entity types.
                IEnumerable<Type> potentialConflicts =
                    // Entity types with namespace matches
                    EntityDescriptions
                        .SelectMany(d => d.EntityTypes)
                            .Where(entity => entity.Namespace == type.Namespace).Distinct();

                foreach (var potentialConflict in potentialConflicts)
                {
                    // Register potential conflicts so we qualify type names correctly
                    // later during codegen.
                    CodeGenUtilities.RegisterTypeName(potentialConflict, containingNamespace);
                }
            }
        }

        internal CodeMemberShareKind GetTypeShareKind(Type type)
        {
            return this.CodeGenerationHost.GetTypeShareKind(type.AssemblyQualifiedName);
        }

        internal CodeMemberShareKind GetPropertyShareKind(Type type, string propertyName)
        {
            return this.CodeGenerationHost.GetPropertyShareKind(type.AssemblyQualifiedName, propertyName);
        }

        internal CodeMemberShareKind GetMethodShareKind(MethodBase methodBase)
        {
            IEnumerable<string> parameterTypeNames = methodBase.GetParameters().Select<ParameterInfo, string>(p => p.ParameterType.AssemblyQualifiedName);
            return this.CodeGenerationHost.GetMethodShareKind(methodBase.DeclaringType.AssemblyQualifiedName, methodBase.Name, parameterTypeNames);
        }

        #region ILogger Members
        public bool HasLoggedErrors
        {
            get { return this.CodeGenerationHost.HasLoggedErrors; }
        }

        public void LogError(string message)
        {
            this.CodeGenerationHost.LogError(message);
        }

        public void LogException(Exception ex)
        {
            this.CodeGenerationHost.LogException(ex);
        }

        public void LogWarning(string message)
        {
            this.CodeGenerationHost.LogWarning(message);
        }

        public void LogMessage(string message)
        {
            this.CodeGenerationHost.LogMessage(message);
        }
        #endregion ILogger Members

        #region Nested Types

        /// <summary>
        /// Used to queue up <see cref="CodeProcessor"/> work items.
        /// </summary>
        private class CodeProcessorWorkItem
        {
            /// <summary>
            /// Default constructor.
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="codeProcessorType">The <see cref="CodeProcessor"/> <see cref="Type"/>.</param>
            /// <param name="entityDescription">The <see cref="EntityDescription"/> associated with the provided <paramref name="codeProcessorType"/>.</param>
            /// <param name="typeMapping">The type-mapping that will be provided to the <see cref="CodeProcessor"/>.</param>
            public CodeProcessorWorkItem(Type codeProcessorType, EntityDescription entityDescription, Dictionary<Type, CodeTypeDeclaration> typeMapping)
            {
                this.CodeProcessorType = codeProcessorType;
                this.EntityDescription = entityDescription;
                this.TypeMapping = typeMapping;
            }

            /// <summary>
            /// Gets the <see cref="CodeProcessor"/> <see cref="Type"/>.
            /// </summary>
            public Type CodeProcessorType
            {
                get;
                private set;
            }

            /// <summary>
            /// Gets the <see cref="EntityDescription"/> associated with <see cref="CodeProcessorType"/>.
            /// </summary>
            public EntityDescription EntityDescription
            {
                get;
                private set;
            }

            /// <summary>
            /// Gets the <see cref="CodeProcessor"/> type-mapping.
            /// </summary>
            public Dictionary<Type, CodeTypeDeclaration> TypeMapping
            {
                get;
                private set;
            }
        }

        #endregion Nested Types
    }
}


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text:
Defence and security11. July 2018
Defence spending by NATO members
Brussels – A row over how much NATO members spend on defence is set to overshadow a summit of alliance leaders, with US President Donald Trump poised to tell allies in blunt terms to boost their military budgets.
Trump has repeatedly berated European NATO members and Canada for lagging on a pledge to aim to spend two percent of GDP on defence, and he harangued them again on Twitter on July 9.
– How much does the US spend on NATO? –
Trump claimed on Monday that the United States was "paying for 90 percent of NATO", though it is not clear how he arrived at this figure.
According to alliance figures, the US will account for just under 70 percent of defence spending in NATO in 2018 — $706 billion out of the just over $1 trillion spent by all 29 members this year.
In raw terms, Britain is the next biggest defence spender with an estimated $62 billion in 2018, followed by France with $52 billion and Germany with $51 billion.
– The 'two percent' pledge –
Raw expenditure figures, however, do not take into account the relative size of each country's economy, and NATO countries have made defence spending commitments based on their gross domestic product.
In 2006 NATO defence ministers agreed as a guideline that they should spend at least two percent of their GDP on defence. But as the financial crisis hit, many cut military budgets.
At the Wales summit in 2014, alarmed by declining military spending across the alliance and as the Ukraine crisis raged, NATO members pledged to "aim to move towards the two percent guideline within a decade".
Trump has repeatedly used this pledge to say that NATO countries which are not already hitting the two percent target are breaking a promise, but diplomats point out that this is not strictly speaking what was agreed — though almost all agree they need to spend more.
If all NATO allies did hit the two percent target it would translate into an extra $110 billion spent on defence.
Map of the NATO member states
– Who's hitting the two percent target? –
The US is by far NATO's biggest spender in terms of GDP as well as raw expenditure, shelling out an estimated 3.5 percent of GDP on defence in 2018, according to NATO figures.
Greece is second, with 2.27 percent — albeit of a much smaller economy — followed by Estonia with 2.14 percent and Britain with 2.1 percent. Latvia comes in at exactly two percent, while Poland, Lithuania and Romania are all expected to clear the threshold later this year.
Germany, Europe's economic powerhouse, lags on 1.24 percent and has come in for withering criticism from Trump, though his defence chief Jim Mattis last month praised Berlin's efforts to step up spending on its creaking armed forces.
The sheer size of Germany's economy — total GDP in 2017 was around $4 trillion, compared with just $250 billion for Greece — makes it difficult for Chancellor Angela Merkel to quickly boost the percentage of GDP spent on defence.
US President Donald Trump has berated NATO allies for failing to spend 2% of GDP on defence. Photo: Christof Stache / AFP
US President Donald Trump has berated NA […]
– Defence spending vs spending on NATO –
At times Trump has suggested NATO allies "owe" money to the alliance. This slightly confuses the two percent pledge, which relates to spending on their own defence budgets, with financial contributions made directly to NATO.
The US accounted for just under 70% of NATO's spending in 2018 -- $706 billion out of the just over $1 trillion spent by all 29 members. Photo: Damien Simonart / AFP
The US accounted for just under 70% of N […]
Direct contributions to NATO are used to pay the organisation's so-called "civil budget" — 248 million euros in 2018 — which covers the running costs of the Brussels headquarters, and the "military budget" — 1.325 billion in 2018 — which finances NATO's command structure.
All 29 members contribute according to an agreed cost-sharing formula based again on the size of their economies. As the biggest economy the US pays 22 percent of the total, followed by Germany with 14 percent and France and Britain with 10.5 percent.
By Damon Wake
Air Force, Army, Britain, Canada, defence, Donald Trump, EU, European Union, France, Germany, military, Nato, navy, security, United States
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Ellen Brickley is a writer, essayist and book reviewer living in Dublin, Ireland.
Her writing has appeared in Banshee, on the Irish Times online edition, and on Children's Books Ireland. She has also contributed to OffBeat Bride, OffBeat Home and U magazine.
Ellen is spent the summer of 2018 working on an essay collection with the assistance of an Arts Council Literature Bursary. She also writes and reads an unseemly number of YA novels for a woman her age.
Two of her essays are available in full to read online: Gift Shop, from Banshee #2 (CW: Killing Fields, genocide) and Imploding, from Banshee #3. (CW: death, hospitals).
Ellen is available for reviewing work and commissions and can be reached at ellen.brickley [at] gmail.com.


text:
Originaltitel: The Glades
Skapad av: Clifton Campbell
TV-bolag: A&E
This Crime series follows Matt Passmore as Jim, a Chicago cop who gets kicked off the force after being shot and wrongfully accused by his ex-captain of having an affair with his wife. After receiving his payout, Jim decides to moves to a small Florida town to join the state police.	(TheTVDB)
Matt Passmore
Jim Longworth
Callie Cargill
Uriah Shelton
Jeff Cargill
Michelle Hurd
Colleen Manus
Pilot	2010-07-11
In a lush, sun-drenched state preserve in Palm Glade, Florida, a young couple in a parked car wakes from a night of drunken carousing to find the body of a headless woman submerged in the area known as Fisheating Creek.
Bird in the Hand	2010-07-18
Bird in the Hand
Jim Longworth takes Callies son Jeff to a heavily-wooded area to collect bugs for a school science project. In the effort, they stumble upon an abandoned airplane with a dead body inside. The victim turns out to be a retired Special Ops guy who taught flight school lessons on the side to make extra...
A Perfect Storm	2010-07-25
Longworth gets his first taste of a Florida hurricane, but instead of waiting out the storm, he gets swept up in a murder investigation that appears to be a spree killing and he must find the killer before there is another victim. Meanwhile, due to the storm, Callie and Carlos deal with a massive...
Mucked Up	2010-08-01
Mucked Up
Jim is introduced to the intensely competitive world of Florida high school football as the small town of Pahokee prepares for the annual Muck Bowl, an event that draws national attention because of the many NFL players who came from that area and who have played in that game. When the dead body of...
The Girlfriend Experience	2010-08-08
The Girlfriend...
Longworth gets a nightmarish call from Daniel that Carlos has been found dead. Longworth is speechless and horrified at the site of his face-down dead body, but not as horrified as the real Carlos who is alive and pissed off. Thanks to his daughters internet shopping addiction, he was the victim of...
Doppelganger	2010-08-15
A man suffering from head trauma claims to have witnessed a murder before being attacked and believes the murderer looks exactly like him.
Cassadaga	2010-08-22
Longworth and Carlos are called to investigate the murder of a psychic advisor in the eerie town of Cassadaga, founded over 100 years ago by mediums and psychics; Callies friend asks Longworth to be her date at a party for Callies medical school.
Marriage is Murder	2010-08-29
Marriage is Murder
A ruthless divorce attorney is murdered. Meanwhile Callies son, Jeff claims to have seen a man standing at his window, but Callie believes hes imagining it. Believing Jeff is telling the truth he has the boy look at mugshots on the computer, through which Jeff finds out the truth about his fathers...
Honey 2010-09-05
Longworths case involves a tribal leader found dead at a Native-American owned casino. The first hurdle is getting the tribal police to let the FDLE run point. Callie has convinced herself that she wants only friendship from Longworth but finds herself jealous seeing Josie Tigertail, a tribal...
Second Chance	2010-09-12
Longworth and Carlos investigate a murder involving high-end horse breeding. Callie, who was once an aspiring jockey, helps them with the ins and outs of this competitive, cut-throat world. Jim sees another side of Callie which leads them to grow closer.
Booty	2010-09-19
Longworth investigates the death of a famed treasure-hunter who was after a Spanish ship believed to contain billions of dollars in booty. Longworth must figure out if the victim was close to finding the treasure and if thats what got him killed. Callies passion for treasure hunting lore sets her...
Exposed 2010-09-26
Longworths latest investigation into the death of a young girl puts him at odds with a powerful political family. It appears she was having an affair with a Florida State Senator. Complicating matters is the Senators wife who will do whatever it takes to promote her husbands political career and...
Breaking 80 2010-10-03
Breaking 80
A man recently released from prison is found dead along the fairway. The victim was the caddy and life-long friend of professional golfer Scott Winters. Things dont add up for Longworth when he discovers the victim may have served time for a crime he didnt commit. The case motivates Longworth to...


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text:
Emily Brontë (1818–1848) was born at Thornton, Bradford, Yorkshire, and just after the birth of her sister Anne, she moved with her family to Haworth, where she spent most of her life. Emily attended Cowan Bridge School, a Church of England clergymen's daughters' boarding school, but only for six months. Between 1830 and 1835, Emily taught at Miss Wooler's School at Roe Head, where her sister Charlotte also taught.
After serving as a governess in Halifax, Yorkshire, Emily accompanied her sisters Anne and Charlotte to Brussels, where they attended the Pensionnat Héger with the goal of improving their proficiency in French in order to start their own school. Their plans for their own school, however, foundered, and the sisters were reunited at Haworth in August 1845. When in the autumn of 1845 Charlotte accidentally discovered the manuscript of Emily's Gondal verses, she initiated the publication of a volume of poems by all three sisters, who as a clergyman's daughters thought it advisable to adopt the noms des plumes Currer (Charlotte), Ellis (Emily), and Acton (Anne) Bell.
A year after the publication by Thomas Cautley Newby, London, of Wuthering Heights, the eighteenth-century romance for which she is best known, Emily died of tuberculosis. She was just thirty years old but had already produced a romantic tragedy in novel form, written over the course of 1845–46, yet to be surpassed in the English language.
by Emily Bronte


Disobedience was fined, recedivism justified cycling ban, and the disobedient to the ban were sent to prison. Sic! Since then to this very day in Polish prisons people rot for the bicycling, or for recalcitrance to the cycling injunction. Nowadays the mechanism of imprisonment differs in details, still, thousands of Poles, are imprisoned for driving a bicycle. Shame, but our parliament (Sejm) has no time to change that. Too busy. Also on this forum you should find, that the readers are much less interested in changing the very law, than in for instance the "Smolensk Catastrophe".
This is not a brainwave of some insane. I would gladly answer any questions, and forward to official documents.


Professor Timothy Pinnow, chairman of the theater arts department at Colorado Mesa University in Grand Junction, led a performing arts outreach seminar at Meeker High School on Saturday. From left to right are Savanna May, Sena Zellers, Analise Amack, Layton Bair and Pinnow. Two more seminars are planned this year.


text:
Annals by Tacitus
Translated by Alfred John Church and William Jackson Brodribb
Book III Chapter 59: A letter of Drusus[AD 22]
As the augur Lentulus and others argued on various grounds against this view, the result was that they awaited the decision of the supreme pontiff. Tiberius deferred any investigation into the priest's legal position, but he modified the ceremonies which had been decreed in honour of Drusus's tribunitian power with special censure on the extravagance of the proposed inscription in gold, so contrary to national usage. Letters also from Drusus were read, which, though studiously modest in expression, were taken to be extremely supercilious. "We have fallen so low," people said, "that even a mere youth who has received so high an honour does not go as a worshipper to the city's gods, goes not enter the Senate, does not so much as take the auspices on his country's soil. There is a war, forsooth, or he is kept from us in some remote part of the world. Why, at this very moment, he is on a tour amid the shores and lakes of Campania. Such is the training of the future ruler of mankind; such the lesson he first learns from his father's counsels. An aged emperor may indeed shrink from the citizen's gaze, and plead the weariness of declining years and the toils of the past. But, as for Drusus, what can be his hindrance but pride?"


text:
Witt's theorem
"Witt's theorem" or "the Witt theorem" may also refer to the Bourbaki–Witt fixed point theorem of order theory.
In mathematics, Witt's theorem, named after Ernst Witt, is a basic result in the algebraic theory of quadratic forms: any isometry between two subspaces of a nonsingular quadratic space over a field k may be extended to an isometry of the whole space. An analogous statement holds also for skew-symmetric, Hermitian and skew-Hermitian bilinear forms over arbitrary fields. The theorem applies to classification of quadratic forms over k and in particular allows one to define the Witt group W(k) which describes the "stable" theory of quadratic forms over the field k.
1 Statement of the theorem
2 Witt's cancellation theorem
3 Witt's decomposition theorem
Statement of the theorem
Let (V, b) be a finite-dimensional vector space over an arbitrary field k together with a nondegenerate symmetric or skew-symmetric bilinear form. If f: U→U' is an isometry between two subspaces of V then f extends to an isometry of V.
Witt's theorem implies that the dimension of a maximal totally isotropic subspace (null space) of V is an invariant, called the index or Template:Visible anchor of b,[1] and moreover, that the isometry group of (V, b) acts transitively on the set of maximal isotropic subspaces. This fact plays an important role in the structure theory and representation theory of the isometry group and in the theory of reductive dual pairs.
Witt's cancellation theorem
Let (V, q), (V1, q1), (V2, q2) be three quadratic spaces over a field k. Assume that
(V1,q1)⊕(V,q)≃(V2,q2)⊕(V,q).{\displaystyle (V_{1},q_{1})\oplus (V,q)\simeq (V_{2},q_{2})\oplus (V,q).}
Then the quadratic spaces (V1, q1) and (V2, q2) are isometric:
( V 1 , q 1 ) ≃ ( V 2 , q 2 ) . {\displaystyle (V_{1},q_{1})\simeq (V_{2},q_{2}).}
In other words, the direct summand (V, q) appearing in both sides of an isomorphism between quadratic spaces may be "cancelled".
Witt's decomposition theorem
Let (V, q) be a quadratic space over a field k. Then it admits a Witt decomposition:
(V,q)≃(V0,0)⊕(Va,qa)⊕(Vh,qh),{\displaystyle (V,q)\simeq (V_{0},0)\oplus (V_{a},q_{a})\oplus (V_{h},q_{h}),}
where V0=ker q is the radical of q, (Va, qa) is an anisotropic quadratic space and (Vh, qh) is a split quadratic space. Moreover, the anisotropic summand, termed the core form, and the hyperbolic summand in a Witt decomposition of (V, q) are determined uniquely up to isomorphism.[2]
Quadratic forms with the same core form are said to be similar or Witt equivalent.
↑ Lam (2005) p.12
↑ Lorenz (2008) p.30
Retrieved from "https://en.formulasearchengine.com/index.php?title=Witt%27s_theorem&oldid=247012"
Theorems in algebra
Quadratic forms


I remember watching a 17-year-old Michael Chang in 1989 win the French Open. He was shorter than other players and therefore did not have a very quick serve, but he was fast on the court, and through defense and perseverance got the better of Stefan Edberg. I just loved the passion with which he played.
This is probably our most basic error. We think we can do things on our own. We strive to be independent. The self-made-man image appeals to us. We want to be the heroes of our story.
But we must confess like Chang did, that without Christ, we are nothing. Without Him, we can't do anything good. We need to stop trying. Sometimes without Him, we may see success, but does that success bring something good? Success in itself can be very destructive, not just for us, but also for those around us. Just think of well-known brands who abuse their laborers in factories.
We have to humbly ask Jesus Christ to be with us and His Spirit to be in us, so that our lives will be fruitful. We have to shun selfish ambition. Then our lives will be pleasing to God and satisfying to ourselves.


As a Deontay Wilder and Tyson Fury rematch gets closer to reality, the WBC ordered for an interim heavyweight title fight to be made between mandatory challenger Dominic Breazeale and silver heavyweight champion Dillian Whyte.
The decision was made on Tuesday by the WBC's Board of Governors, who voted unanimously to make the fight later this year. If there is no agreement made by either side, a purse bid will be ordered at the WBC's Mexico City headquarters on March 19th.
Whyte was in-line to face unified heavyweight champion Anthony Joshua on April 13th at Wembley Stadium in London, but after what Whyte felt was a "low-ball" deal, Joshua and promoter Eddie Hearn would focus their attention towards Brooklyn born Jarrell Miller, who is now set to face Joshua on June 1st at Madison Square Garden in New York City.
Breazeale has been in position as Wilder's "mandatory" opponent for sometime, but has been put on the back-burner by Wilder for fights against Luis Ortiz and now the two fights against Fury.
Breazeale was last seen in the ring in late 2018 against Carlos Negron, where he knocked out Negron in the 9th round, while Whyte knocked out Dereck Chisora in the 11th round of their December clash at the O2 Arena in London.
Reacting to the news, Whyte took to Twitter to confirm the showdown.


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text:
"Europe, a common heritage - A Council of Europe campaign - Parliamentary Assembly Recommendation 1465 (2000) - Council of Europe.- Committee of Ministers', Ministers' Deputies.- Decisions 748/7.3 (3 April 2001)
748th meeting – 3 April 2001
Item 7.3
"Europe, a common heritage" – A Council of Europe campaign - Parliamentary Assembly Recommendation 1465 (2000)
(Recommendation 1465 (2000))
The Deputies adopted the following reply to Parliamentary Assembly Recommendation 1465 (2000):
"The Committee of Ministers has considered Parliamentary Assembly Recommendation 1465 (2000) on "Europe, a common heritage" - A Council of Europe campaign and has forwarded it to their Governments, as well as to the Cultural Heritage Committee (CC-PAT). It wishes to express its gratitude to the Parliamentary Assembly for its whole-hearted support of this Campaign, initiated by the Second Summit of the Heads of State and Government (Strasbourg, 10-11 October 1997), and active participation in it.
The Campaign's organisational outline and methods were endorsed by the Foreign Affairs Ministers in Budapest on 6-7 May 1999. The 47 Contracting Parties to the European Cultural Convention, observer States, as well as governmental and non-governmental international organisations active in the field of cultural heritage have been involved in the campaign. National committees or equivalent structures have been set up in 37 countries. The details of various programmes launched by them are available in the revised version of the Campaign's book.
The following international organisations have shown their unconditional support to this Council of Europe Campaign: the European Commission, UNESCO, Europa Nostra, ICOMOS, ICOM. A joint Council of Europe/European Commission Campaign Programme included five activities: European Heritage Days; an international photographic competition and three transnational projects:
- the ancient universities route,
- the decorative arts workshops,
- the European traditional musical heritage.
The campaign was launched in Bucharest and Sibiu (Romania) on 10-13 September 1999, with participation by a hundred guests from 40 European countries and was enthusiastically received by the public.
Specific campaign launch ceremonies have been organised in several member states, such as Andorra, Armenia, the Republic of Azerbaijan, Estonia, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Russian Federation, San Marino, Slovak Republic and Turkey. The list of other international events appears in Appendix I to this reply. The list of various transnational projects organised in the framework of the Campaign appears in Appendix II.
One of the key objectives of the Campaign was to realise a common experience as Europeans, not simply based on common interests but in the need to create a common framework of reflection. The Campaign has served to rethink the objectives and benefits of the European cultural heritage and, through it, to define the Europe of today's Europeans, as their own point of reference, redefining values, commitments and practice, taking account of the fact that the ways of imagining Europe are no longer defined solely by institutionalised public authorities. The Campaign has contributed to reading the everyday reality of Europe.
Europe has come to be understood as a form of citizenship and its heritage - as a platform for discovering renewed and necessary forms of sociability between citizens, professionals and governments. The Campaign has attracted a wide range of public, especially children and young people, as a potential investment in the citizens of tomorrow. Information on the campaign was sent out by electronic means to journalists covering heritage throughout Europe. A Council of Europe website on the Campaign has been functioning since 1st March 1999 and up-dated daily.
Heritage is an arena of multiple references, and the Campaign has explored the extent to which these were shared, and in which way. In addition, an attempt was made to assess the forms of appropriation going beyond the ties of each faith or each culture defined on its own terms. How can the foreign be defined in what is one's own, and how can one's own be found in what is foreign?
On a more particular question, the Committee of Ministers wishes to inform the Parliamentary Assembly that the European Landscape Convention was adopted by the Committee of Ministers and opened for signature, in the framework of the Campaign, on 20 October 2000 in Florence, on which occasion 18 States signed it.
It should be noted that the overall evaluation of the Campaign and its follow-up will be conducted at the 5th European Conference of Ministers responsible for the Cultural Heritage (Portoroz, Slovenia, 5-7 April 2001)."
15-16 April 1999– Berlin (Germany): European conference on "Heritage conservation and employment", organised by the German National Committee for Heritage Protection, bringing together representatives of the European institutions, authorities, conservation services and specialised firms as well as organisations for the reintegration of the unemployed and volunteers.
22-24 April 1999 – Brussels (Belgium): colloquy on "European Heritage Days: the secret of their success and challenges for the future", jointly organised in the framework of the campaign by the Council of Europe, the three Belgian regions and the King Baudouin Foundation.
3 - 4 June 1999 – Strasbourg: the Naturopa Centre organised in Strasbourg, on the occasion of the annual meeting of its National Agencies and in the framework of the campaign, a seminar on the theme "Nature as heritage: from awareness to action".
11 September 1999 – Henrichenburg (Germany): launch of the "Year of industrial culture 2000 - the German contribution to the European Campaign". The ceremony was part of an information session for journalists on the subject of safeguarding and reusing the Ruhr region's industrial heritage, the intention being to make the Ruhr a region for the promotion of modern technology.
7-8 October 1999 – Strasbourg: a European Association of Historic Towns and Regions was formally established at a conference held by the Congress of Local and Regional Authorities of Europe (CLRAE).
15-16 October 1999 – Nice (France): 1st international conference on "Tourism and travel heritage". The conclusions of the conference were presented by the European Foundation for Heritage Skills at the Cultural Heritage Fair in Paris.
4-7 November 1999 – Paris (France): Cultural Heritage Fair. Press conference on the campaign jointly organised by the Council of Europe and the French national committee for the campaign.
February/March 2000 - Santander (Spain): International festival of documentary films on cultural and natural heritage.
10-11 April 2000 – Tarsus (Turkey): International Conference on "the religions at the time of beliefs and tolerance".
May 2000 – Spain: conference on "Nature, a common European heritage".
June 2000 – Strasbourg: « Film Festival». It will focus on films where cultural heritage is central. 10 national committees are contributing films: Belarus, Cyprus, France, Italy Lithuania, Portugal, Russian Federation, Romania, Slovak Republic, Turkey. A contract will be signed with the "Cinéma Odysée" to organise the festival, recruit the jury and prepare the screenings/debates. Eurimages will also collaborate in this project.
June 2000 – Edinburgh (United Kingdom): conference on "Tourism and cultural heritage".
September 2000 – Bern (Switzerland): official launch of European Heritage Days.
September 2000 – Oslo (Norway): international congress on voluntary organisations in the field of heritage.
13 October 2000 – Thessaloniki (Greece): colloquy on the cultural route "Monastic influence" and transfrontier co-operation between Greece, Bulgaria and FYROM, following publication of three cultural-tourist guides as well as the creation of three documentaries on Via Egnatia monasteries, organised by Greece with the participation of the Council of Europe and the European Institute of Cultural Routes. Projection of the documentaries and presentation of the tourist guides to participants, to the public and the media.
20 October 2000 – the Florence Conference, including the ceremony of price award to the winner of the international photography contest.
Autumn 2000 – Tbilissi (Georgia): conference on "Democratic transition, market economy and cultural heritage".
7-10 December 2000 – Riga (Latvia): closing ceremony of the campaign.
6-7 April 2001 – Portoroz (Slovenia): 5th European Conference of Ministers responsible for Cultural Heritage. This conference will evaluate the results of the campaign and formulate a political declaration defining the action lines for the future.
Appendix II
Transnational projects
29-30 November 1999, Strasbourg: Launch of the "Decorative arts workshops in Europe" project. The following workshops have already agreed to take part in the first meeting : La Granja and Fundacion Real Fabrica de Tapices (Spain), Sèvres (France), Herendt (Hungary), Capodimonte (Italy), Ljubljana (Slovenia), Kütahya Porselen (Turkey). The experts consider it necessary to meet for an editorial project on royal decorative arts workshops in Europe, a subject missing from the current bibliographic panorama. The main goal of the project is to identify a common European area for the decorative arts. The work of an expert and three other meetings are planned for the year 2000.
9-12 December 1999, Alcalá de Henares: Launch of the "Ancient universities route" project. This project is presented at a press conference held at the European Journalists' Association in Madrid on 19 November 1999. The first meeting is attended by vice-chancellors and professors from the universities of Leuven (Belgium), Zagreb (Croatia), Alcalá de Henares (Spain), Tartu (Estonia), Montpellier III (France), Bologne (Italy), Krakow (Poland), Trnava (Slovakia), Istanbul (Turkey) and Oxford (United Kingdom).
17 December 1999: Meeting of the European Association of Historic Towns and Regions (AEVRH) Bureau.
December 1999: Launch of the "Naturopa" magazine 91/1999 issue devoted to the Campaign under the title "Nature: a common heritage of humanity".
13 January 2000, Strasbourg: 2nd meeting of the "Traditional musical heritage in Europe" experts' group.
19-21 January 2000, Strasbourg: The progress of the Campaign is reported to the members of the CDCC at a plenary meeting.
24 January - 12 February 2000, Council of Europe, Committee of Ministers' Foyer: Exhibition of medieval mural paintings of the Gemer (Gömör) district churches (Slovakia), organised by the Permanent Representations of Slovakia and Hungary.
24-25 January 2000, Strasbourg: Launch of the "Religious monuments and sites: towards a culture of religions" project.
25 January 2000, Press Center, Strasbourg: Press conference on the "Religious monuments and sites: towards a culture of religions" project.
25 January 2000, Council of Europe, Strasbourg: Meeting with the NGOs enjoying consultative status with the Council of Europe ("Towns" and "Rural world and environment" groups).
3-4 February 2000, Strasbourg: "Role of heritage in a changing Europe", meeting within the framework of the forward thinking activity steering committee.
7 February 2000, Strasbourg: The CC-PAT Bureau takes note of the state of progress of the Campaign.
16 February 2000: At the 699th meeting of the Ministers' Deputies, presentation of the Campaign's state of progress.
23 February 2000, Strasbourg: Second meeting of the Presidents or representatives of National Committees or other equivalent working structures in charge of the Campaign under the presidency of Mr Zsolt VISY (Hungary). The Campaign's development at an international level is examined and the activities organised by their National Committees or equivalent working structures are presented.
25 February 2000, Strasbourg: Presentation of the Campaign's state of progress at the CLRAE Standing Commission.
8-10 March 2000, Strasbourg: Presentation of the Campaign's state of progress during the CC-PAT meeting.
13-14 March 2000, Montpellier: 2nd meeting of the "Ancient universities route" project, dedicated to intellectual heritage of universities.
16 March 2000, Strasbourg: Presentation of the Campaign's state of progress at the Culture Rapporteurs Group of the Ministers' Deputies.
5 April 2000, Strasbourg: Presentation of the State of progress of the Campaign to the "Education and Culture" group of the NGOs enjoying consultative status with the Council of Europe.
6-7 April 2000, La Granja : Conference "Perception and protection of landscapes".
7-8 April 2000, Strasbourg: "BALZAC, History of a passion". Cultural activities including a recital, a literary promenade, an exhibition and a conference-debate organised by the Permanent Representations of France, Hungary, Poland, Slovenia and Ukraine to the Council of Europe.
8 May 2000, London: Ceremony organised by the National Trust on the Grand Turk frigate, attended by Mr Chris SMITH, Minister of State for Culture, and Lord RUSSELL JOHNSTON, President of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe.
15-17 May 2000, Dublin: Debate on the report by Mr Takis HADJIDEMETRIOU, Chair of the Subcommittee on cultural heritage, on the Campaign, during the meeting of the Standing Commission of the Parliamentary Assembly.
29-30 May 2000, Sibiu: Restricted thematic meeting of the activity "Functions of heritage in a changing Europe".
20 June 2000, Strasbourg: Meeting of the jury of the "International photography competition <http://culture.coe.fr/postsummit/pat/en/eprojnat06.htm>" project.
23 June 2000, London: Restricted thematic meeting of the activity "Functions of heritage in a changing Europe".
26-28 June 2000, Bucharest and Sighet: Launch of the "Wooden cultures throughout Europe" project.
21-27 June 2000, Strasbourg: "Cinema and heritage" festival, Odyssée Cinema.
July 2000: Bologna: Third meeting of the "Ancient universities route" project.
2-3 September 2000, Bern: Official launch of the European Heritage Days 2000.
8 September 2000, Strasbourg: 3rd meeting of the "Traditional musical heritage in Europe" project.
14-15 September 2000, Strasbourg: Meeting of the "Industrial Heritage" project.
28-29 September 2000, Safranbolu: 2nd meeting of the "Wooden cultures throughout Europe" project.
5 October 2000: Joint meeting with the Slovenian authorities to prepare the Ministerial Conference.
11-13 October 2000, Berlin: Conference on "Sustainable tourism and employment"
23-24 October 2000, Krakow: 4th meeting of the "Ancient universities route" project.
27-28 October 2000, Luzern: Conference on "Heritage of tourism and travel <http://culture.coe.fr/postsummit/pat/en/eprojnat01.htm>".
21 November 2000: Meeting of the Landscape Award jury.
7-10 December 2000, Riga: Closing ceremony of the Campaign.
9 February 2001 to 3 March 2001, Benaki Museum, Athens (Greece): itinerant exhibition on the theme "Time and days", organised jointly by the European Institute of Cultural Routes and Benaki Museum (Athens), Hungarian Museums, Pest Department (Museum Tragor Ignac de Vacs, Museum Petofi d'Aszod), Association "Kék Dolmàny" (Hungary), Musée de Bouxwiller (Bas-Rhin, France), Musées du Parc des Vosges du Nord, Théatre du Marché aux Grains, Le grand Jeu, Maison du Kochersberg, (Bas-Rhin, France), Luxembourg Festival of Echternacht and the Private Collection of Christiane Burckell.
24-25 February 2001, Benaki Museum Athens: international scientific colloquy on the theme "Rites, ritual, ritualize".
6-7 April 2001, Portoroz: 5th European Conference of Ministers responsible for the Cultural Heritage. Theme: "Cultural Heritage and the Challenge of Globalization".


Turkey's defenсe companies will participate in the upcoming XIV International specialized exhibition "Arms and Security – 2017" in Kyiv, Ukraine.
The biggest Turkish defence contractors Aselsan, Roketsan, BMC and ARES Shipyard already claimed that they will participate in the Arms and Security – 2017 exhibition held at the International Exhibition Centre in Kyiv for four days from October 10th to 13th.
Now Ukraine is becoming Turkey's new go-to defense technology partner. Strategic ties between Turkey and Ukraine in the fields of defense and military cooperation are flourishing.
Turkey's interest in the Ukrainian defense industry is basically in satellite technologies, diesel engines, ballistic missile solid fuel engines and cruise missiles. It is interesting to learn, based on their joint projects, that Turkey is particularly interested in cruise missiles.
According to defense industry expert Arda Mevlutoglu, Ukraine has advanced capability in electronic warfare, radar technology and engines. Mevlutoglu said Turkey's most urgent needs from Ukraine are diesel engines.
The Arms and Security – 2017 exhibition conducting on the eve of the Day of Defender of Ukraine will have not only a great practical but also social significance. The exhibition "Arms and Security" is a unique tool for the deepening of military and military‑technical cooperation with foreign partners, to strengthen domestic economic potential and for the union of all Ukrainian citizens, regardless of gender, nationality or religion, around the idea of building a new strong and prosperous Ukraine.


Sportsball, Weddings, Promotions, and Headlines: Should We Keep Them Separated?
Over the weekend I was in Seattle for the wedding of new friends, and I was pleasantly surprised by how much the online element of the event helped to build solidarity and togetherness there.
It's already fairly easy to get to know people at a wedding, because the icebreaker is obvious: "How do you know the couple?" or "Which one are you here for?" or something like that. But I also took a couple great photos at the party on my phone, and thanks to a clever hashtag the bride and groom came up with, tons of people at the party saw them, generating lots of nice comments and messages. That helped me meet vastly more people at the wedding — in a way — than I was able to face to face, and since it was on Facebook or Instagram, we'll be able to remember each other better than most of the people I was just shouting with at the dinner table.
This was all a major relief to me, because social media had been making me miserable for many months prior to the wedding. It wasn't all the bad news that was bothering me, it was all the endless armchair quarterbacking about it. Nothing new, I know, but I just couldn't read another thinkpiece or Facebook rant loosely tying the day's headlines into some unqualified person's preexisting attention-seeking agenda. It was making me into a misanthrope, because every time I tuned my antennae outward to the wider world, the airwaves were clogged with people being awful about people being awful.
Part of the reason the wedding hashtag was better than that is obvious: the topic was a glorious, happy occasion, and that's the only reason why each person was there. But I think the difference also reveals something more subtle.
There are many, vastly different kinds of stories that unfold via social media, and they all need correspondingly different interfaces. The idea that one app or service can provide every social story in a person's life is going to fail for an obvious reason: there is no social interface that can handle a single stream of information that contains wedding photos, job announcements, and heartbreaking global news all at once. 'Like' does not suffice as an acknowledgement for all of those kinds of stories.
Facebook was a great place to celebrate the wedding, because it's relevant to many friends and relatives, and it's mutually personal enough to warrant being introduced to new people who were also there. I thought one of the photos was universally sweet enough to post to Instagram, too, for other people to enjoy. To them it was just a picture of a joyous occasion, perhaps made more meaningful for not knowing who the bride and groom were except in this one moment. But that's still a big difference from the Facebook context; this photo just happens to work in both.
I would never have considered tweeting this photo. I couldn't imagine anyone reading the news on Twitter being glad to have it interrupted by this random photo from strangers' wedding party. If serious news had been breaking — which has been exceedingly likely lately — it might have been irritatingly or even upsettingly out of place. It's like when someone tweets a dumb live sports reaction without any context — "WOOOOO!!!! DID YOU SEE THAT?!?!?!" — because they assume that 100% of the intelligent life in the universe did indeed see that. After all, sportsball is life.
I think sportsball enthusiasts should find another place than Twitter to yawp about sportsball, frankly. I don't mind coherent news tweets about sports, but I am not watching the game, so when you tweet "OMG HOLY %&$Y^%&#," I am guaranteed to have no idea what you're reacting to, and that will make me angry. Why not use a Facebook group, where everyone who's there explicitly wants to yawp about sports together?
There are two factors that determine the right context for a social media story: who will receive the message — that is, who is on that network — and what are the tools for interaction? But few people are willing to subject their urge to post something to two hard questions, or even one, especially in an emotional moment. That leads to irrelevant posts, and that leads in turn to user frustration. Worst of all, it leads media companies to spam everything out in as many places as possible, since there's no tool sophisticated enough to just reach the people who care, and there's no culture of social media users who want to bother meticulously filtering their news feeds through many tools; they just want to check Facebook and be done with it.
But I think this ambient frustration with irrelevant posts will force that to change eventually. As the joyous wedding party hashtag this weekend demonstrated, people are figuring out how to wield their newfound connectivity in ways that are simultaneously fun and careful.


ASTANA, Kazakhstan	- 25 Sep 2009: IBM (NYSE: IBM) today opened a Linux innovation center in the capital city of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
The mission of the IBM Center of Innovation for Linux and Open Standards is to drive the development and adoption of open standards and open source technologies among businesses and government organizations of Kazakhstan. The Center will help local software developers increase their Linux and open standards expertise and better connect them to the worldwide Linux community.
"Like many emerging markets, Kazakhstan faces the ambitious task of growing and enhancing its IT infrastructure very fast to match the demands of a new economy," said Inna Kuznetsova, vice president of Systems Software, marketing and sales enablement. "Using open source and standards-based computing, Kazakhstan can avoid the pitfalls of an expensive, proprietary infrastructure and build a more flexible IT foundation to expedite economic development. The Linux center will deliver educational and practical resources to bolster open source adoption and spur innovation."
Promoting Linux and open source adoption in Kazakhstan and establishing closer and collaboration with the worldwide Linux and Open Source communities through Linux seminars, local events, speakers at IT conferences and exchange programs.
The Center will help promote open standards that allow a variety of technologies to share information. Such interoperability will help deliver better goods, services and intelligent data. Open standards such as HTML, for Web and information structure; SOAP for Web services and SOA; and Open Document Format for office documents give businesses choice rather than limit themselves to closed, proprietary systems.
The opening of the Linux center is an investment made under a broader memorandum on collaboration signed by IBM and Kazakhstan's government today. The goal of this collaboration is to accelerate the adoption of technology in Kazakhstan in support of the country's overall strategy of achieving sustainable development through economic diversification.


The electrical distribution system is a key part of every building. As the designer, you're responsible for selecting the correct combination of cables and circuit-breakers.
Failure to do this, opens up the possibility of the occurrence of extremely hazardous fault conditions which may result in loss of vital supplies, damage to cable systems and equipment, and even fire.
How safe and reliable is your cable sizing?


Help discover the music gear and equipment Jeff Beal uses. Help find out the software, keyboards, and other instruments used by Jeff Beal in the studio and in the live setup.
What kind of Software Plugins and VSTs does Jeff Beal use? Click here to let us know!
"There is a zone in sound design where, for my needs, creativity meets a sonic subtlety and musicality. It's hard to describe, but I know when I hear it. REV is just such a library…"
What kind of Keyboards and Synthesizers does Jeff Beal use? Click here to let us know!
What kind of Keyboards and Synthesizers does Jeff Beal use?
What kind of Instruments does Jeff Beal use? Click here to let us know!
What kind of Instruments does Jeff Beal use?
What kind of gear & equipment does Jeff Beal use? Click here to let us know!
What kind of gear & equipment does Jeff Beal use?
Jeff Beal's gear is on Equipboard.


I was the lead project manager responsible for executing the concept of ARS Beta, envisioning then creating the concept, visual design and ease of user flow. I engineered the user experience, created the brand identity, and directed user experience studies to increase platform engagement. I am currently continuing to conduct user studies to streamline the user experience.
Limiting the menu to the 5 essential features, reduces user friction. This encourages an increase of user engagement by rating more pictures and leaving more critiques.
As an avid video game player, I was able gamify the platform in a healthy way, by incorporating teamwork and friendly competition to boost user engagement.
I am proud of this project and look forward to continuing the ARS Beta as an ongoing project. In the future, I will continue to add new features according to current user requests and incorporate further ways to incentivize rewards for having a high "keep" percentage of individual photos, overall portfolios and quality critiques.


text:
Ра́йнхард Ди́вис (, родился 4 июля 1975 Вена, Австрия) — австрийский профессиональный хоккеист и тренер, вратарь. Ныне тренер вратарей клуба «Фельдкирх» и сборной Австрии. Первый австрийский игрок в НХЛ.

Карьера

Клубная
Воспитанник хоккейной школы команды «Штадлау». Выступал за австрийские клубы «Фельдкирх», «Филлахер», «Ред Булл», «Клагенфурт», шведские команды «Ферьестад» и «Лександс», а также за команду НХЛ «Сент-Луис Блюз» и клубы АХЛ «Вустер АйсКэтс» и «Пеория Ривермен».

В сборной
В составе сборной Австрии играл на Олимпийских играх 1998 и 2002. Выступал на чемпионатах мира 1996, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2004 и 2007. В 2006 и 2010 годах его сборная выступала в Первом дивизионе.

Титулы
 8-кратный чемпион Австрии (1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 2007, 2008, 2010)
 Чемпион Швеции (2009)
 Чемпион Евролиги (1998).
 Обладатель Континентального кубка (2010).
 Серебряный призёр Континентального кубка (2011).

Семья
Сын Доминик тоже вратарь. Старший брат Роланд (род. 20 февраля 1974) и младший брат Раймунд (род. 5 января 1978) также являются профессиональными хоккеистами.

Хоккеисты Австрии
Хоккеисты НХЛ
Хоккейные вратари
Игроки ХК «Штадлау»
Игроки ХК «Фельдкирх»
Игроки ХК «Лександ»
Игроки «Сент-Луис Блюз»
Игроки «Вустер АйсКэтс»
Игроки ХК «Филлах»
Игроки ХК «Клагенфурт»
Игроки «Пеория Ривермен»
Игроки ХК «Ред Булл» Зальцбург
Игроки ХК «Ферьестад»
Игроки сборной Австрии по хоккею с шайбой
Хоккейные тренеры Австрии
Хоккеисты на зимних Олимпийских играх 1998 года
Хоккеисты на зимних Олимпийских играх 2002 года

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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text:
Q: Unknown servertag ScriptManager AJAX in ASP.NET Im trying to implement a 'numericupdown' AJAX control within the gridview cell of my ASP.NET website.
I have dragged and dropped a 'scriptManager' from the AJAX Extentions part of the toolbox.
Currently when i run my website (which is hosted locally) i am getting the following error:
Server Error in '/' Application.

Parser Error

Description: An error occurred during the parsing of a resource required to service this request. Please review the following specific parse error details and modify your source file appropriately.

Parser Error Message: Unknown server tag 'ScriptManager1:numericupdownextender'.

Source Error:

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Line 86:
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Line 89:         runat="server"

I have done some research and it seems this is a common issue but having never dealt with AJAX before Im stuck with how to solve it. Here is the server side code of my website:
<%@ Page Title="Home Page" Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Site.master" AutoEventWireup="true"
CodeBehind="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="ViewCDs._Default" %>

 <asp:Content ID="HeaderContent" runat="server" ContentPlaceHolderID="HeadContent">

        Welcome to 'CD Collection'. From here you can browse and search for all of your favourite music!

    <asp:Label ID="Label1" runat="server" Text="Select Search Type:"></asp:Label>
    <asp:DropDownList ID="DropDownList1" runat="server">
        <asp:ListItem>CD Title</asp:ListItem>
        <asp:ListItem>Artist</asp:ListItem>
        <asp:ListItem>Music Genre</asp:ListItem>
    </asp:DropDownList>
    <asp:Label ID="Label2" runat="server" Text="Search Term:"></asp:Label>
    <asp:TextBox ID="TextBox1" runat="server"></asp:TextBox>

    <asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" Text="Search" onclick="btnSearch_Click" />

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        ConnectionString="<%$ ConnectionStrings:cdsCollectionsConnectionString3 %>"
        SelectCommand="SELECT * FROM [cds]"></asp:SqlDataSource>

    <asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" runat="server">
    </asp:ScriptManager>

    <asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" Width="918px"
        AutoGenerateColumns="False" DataKeyNames="_id" AllowPaging="True"
        PageSize="1">
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            <asp:BoundField DataField="_id" HeaderText="_id" InsertVisible="False"
                ReadOnly="True" SortExpression="_id" Visible="false" />
                 <asp:TemplateField HeaderText = "Pic">

            <ItemTemplate>

            <asp:Image ID = "Image1" ImageUrl='<%# (string) FormatImageUrl( (string) Eval("pic")) %>' runat="server" />

            </ItemTemplate>
            <ItemStyle Width="185px" />

            </asp:TemplateField>
            <asp:BoundField DataField="cdTitle" HeaderText="CD Title"
                SortExpression="cdTitle" />
            <asp:BoundField DataField="artist" HeaderText="Artist"
                SortExpression="artist" />
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              <asp:TemplateField HeaderText = "Picc">
              <ItemTemplate>

            <asp:TextBox ID="txtQuan" Text = "1" Height="15" runat="server" />

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                ID="ImageButton2"
                runat="server"
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                    Width="15"
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                ID="ImageButton1"
                runat="server"
                ImageUrl="Images/arrowdown.jpg"
                AlternateText="Up"
                    Width="15"
                    Height="15" />

            </ItemTemplate>
                </asp:TemplateField>

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    </asp:GridView>

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    id="NumericUpDownExtender1"
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        width="120"
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        servicedownmethod=""
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        targetbuttonupid=""
        minimum="1"
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</p>
</asp:Content>

A: For anyone else getting this error message. Please ensure you download the AJAX toolkit from the ASP AJAX site. Then drag the ToolKitScriptManager onto your page.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Ohanaeze rotates election venue, says Ogene, Anambra chair
SportNewslodge Editor - January 19, 2021 0
Manchester United remained in first place in the current 2020/2021 English Premier League (EPL) after a 0-0 draw against...
— AWKA
Anambra State chairman of Ohanaeze Ndigbo, Okeke Ogene, on Wednesday, clarified the issue of the venue of the next election of the apex Igbo socio-cultural organisation.
He confirmed that the Ohanaeze elections will take place in Imo State, although no date has been fixed.
According to Ogene, "It is not the first time the venue of the election is being shifted. Joe Irukwu's election was held in Owerri; Dr. Dozie Ikedife's election was held in Umuahia; Ralph Uwechue's election was held in Anambra, Igariwei and Nwodo's elections took place in Enugu."
He said that Imeobi, the Ohaneze think-tank, had already passed a resolution that any state that will produce the President will host the election.
READ ALSO: Kalu Onuma: Right scribe for Ohanaeze
According to him, "the state where the office is zoned to must produce three people for Igbo people to choose from, adding that at present, nobody has purchased the form for the office of the President-General of Ohanaeze and so it is difficult to say who and who is contesting.
He explained that those interested in Ohanaeze positions would undergo screening before the three candidates are shortlisted.
Okeke-Ogene, who is contesting for the national vice chairman of Ohanaeze zoned to Anambra State, added that although the traditional rulers' council of the state had endorsed him because of his performance as the state chairman of Ohaneze, he must pass through a democratic process to emerge the winner.
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