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Gratiszeitungen sind periodisch (täglich oder wöchentlich) erscheinende, kostenlos verteilte Printmedien mit redaktionellen Inhalten. Die Finanzierung erfolgt ausschließlich aus Anzeigenerlösen. Die Verteilung erfolgt in der Regel entweder im öffentlichen Raum (z. B. an Haltestellen öffentlicher Verkehrsmittel bei Pendlerzeitungen) oder an alle Haushalte in einem bestimmten Erscheinungsgebiet (regionale Gratis-Wochenzeitungen, in Deutschland Anzeigenblätter, in der Schweiz Anzeiger genannt). Der Großteil der Gratiszeitungen erscheint im Tabloid- bzw. Kleinformat. Die inhaltliche Ausrichtung von Gratiszeitungen, der Anteil der redaktionellen, von den Anzeigen unabhängigen Berichterstattung sowie deren Qualität sind äußerst unterschiedlich. Pauschalurteile über diese Mediengattung beherrschen oft die Diskussion, sind aber letztlich nicht haltbar, da sie oft mit Gegenbeispielen widerlegbar sind.

Den Markteintritt von Gratiszeitungen empfanden die jeweils etablierten Kaufzeitungsverlage seit je als Bedrohung. Als Reaktion darauf versuchten sie in der Vergangenheit vergeblich, durch rechtliche Auseinandersetzungen ein Verbot der Gratiskonkurrenz zu erreichen. Mittlerweile haben Gratiszeitungen einen Siegeszug rund um den Erdball angetreten, und die etablierten Kaufzeitungsverlage sind teilweise selbst in das Gratiszeitungsgeschäft eingestiegen.

(Neue) Gratistitel verdoppelten ihre Auflagen seit 2002 nach Angaben des Weltverbands der Zeitungen vom Mai 2007 auf zusammen 41 Millionen Exemplare, die vor allem Jugendliche lesen.

Geschichte der Gratis-Tageszeitungen
Als erste Gratis-Tageszeitung der Welt gilt heute der Manly Daily, der erstmals im Juli 1906 in New South Wales (Australien) erschien. Er umfasste zwei Seiten und hatte eine Auflage von 1000 Exemplaren. Es gibt ihn noch (Auflage: 91.000), inzwischen in Murdochs News Corporation.

Die Geschichte der kostenlosen Tageszeitungen in den USA geht zurück in die 40er Jahre. Der Verleger Dean Lesher gründete in Walnut Creek die Zeitung Contra Costa Times, die bis in die 60er Jahre hinein kostenlos blieb. Die Zeitung gehört heute zu MediaNews, dem viertgrößten Zeitungsverlag der USA.

Ihren Siegeszug in Europa erlebte die Gratis-Tageszeitung mit der Gründung von metro 1995 in Stockholm. Metro International ist in Europa heute in der Tschechischen Republik, Ungarn, den Niederlanden, Finnland, Italien, Polen, Griechenland, Spanien, Dänemark, Frankreich und Portugal aktiv. Ausgaben in der Schweiz und dem Vereinigten Königreich wurden wieder eingestellt. Die Schibsted-Verlagsgruppe ist mit ihrem Gratis-Tageszeitungskonzept 20 Minuten in Frankreich und Spanien engagiert. Die Ausgabe in der Schweiz wurde dem Schweizer Medienunternehmen Tamedia verkauft.

Deutsche Gratiszeitungen
In Deutschland erscheinen zahlreiche regionale Wochen- oder Sonntagsblätter als Gratiszeitungen mit sehr unterschiedlichen Redaktionsanteilen. Eine umstrittene und mittlerweile überholte Rechtsprechung (die Verfahren wurden durch die etablierten Kaufzeitungsverlage angestrengt) aus den 1970er und 1980er Jahren untersagte es den Gratisblättern, sich "Zeitung" zu nennen. Daher entstand der – ausschließlich in Deutschland gebräuchliche – Gattungsbegriff "Anzeigenblätter".

Der Versuch der Schibsted-Verlagsgruppe im Jahre 1999, in Köln die Gratis-Tageszeitung 20 Minuten zu lancieren, mündete in den so genannten Kölner Zeitungskrieg. Die ansässigen Kaufzeitungsverlage DuMont und Axel Springer reagierten mit der Herausgabe von Konkurrenz-Gratisblättern und brachen einen langwierigen Rechtsstreit vom Zaun. Schibsted zog sich 2001 mit herben Verlusten vom deutschen Markt zurück, die beiden Kölner Konkurrenzblätter wurden ebenfalls eingestellt. Erst 2003 entschied der Bundesgerichtshof, dass Gratiszeitungen wettbewerbsrechtlich unbedenklich und daher im Sinne der Pressefreiheit erlaubt sind. Eine gegen dieses Urteil eingelegte Verfassungsbeschwerde wurde im Jahre 2007 vom Bundesverfassungsgericht nicht angenommen und in der Sache nicht entschieden, da sich der konkrete Anlass wegen der Einstellung der Produkte in Köln erledigt hatte. Eine endgültige Entscheidung über die verfassungsrechtliche Zulässigkeit steht weiter aus.

Schweizer Gratiszeitungen
Die größten Schweizer Gratiszeitungen sind die in Millionenauflagen gedruckten Blätter der Grossverteiler, Coopzeitung und Migros-Magazin. Daneben gibt es seit langem viele lokale und regionale Gratisanzeiger.

Am 7. Dezember 1986 erschien das Neue Sonntagsblatt als kostenlose Pendlerzeitung. Das Projekt wurde von den regionalen Verlagen der Berner Zeitung, der Basler Zeitung, der Bündner Zeitung, der St. Galler Zeitung und des Vaterlands lanciert. Initiator war der frühere Chefredaktor des Züri Leu und Gründer der Züri-Woche (1982) Karl Lüönd, die verlegerische Leitung hatte Beat Curti, der damalige Besitzer der Züri-Woche und des Schweizerischen Beobachters. Das Projekt scheiterte bereits Mitte November 1987 nach dem Entscheid der Berner Zeitung, kurzfristig aus dem Projekt auszusteigen.

Die Gratiszeitung 20 Minuten wurde 1999 vom norwegischen Medienunternehmen Schibsted gegründet. Sie verdrängte 2002 die etwa gleichzeitig vom schwedischen Medienunternehmen Metro International gegründete Konkurrentin Metropol vom Markt und wurde 2005 vom Schweizer Medienunternehmen Tamedia übernommen. 2006 gründete Tamedia die französische Ausgabe 20 minutes und 2011 als Joint Venture zusammen mit der Tessiner Zeitung laRegione die italienische, 20 minuti. 20 Minuten produziert Regionalausgaben Zürich, Bern, Basel, Luzern und St. Gallen und ist seit 2004 die auflagen- und leserstärkste Tageszeitung der Schweiz; sie hat 1.332.000 Leser. 20 minutes mit Regionalausgaben in Lausanne und Genf und 20 minuti in Lugano-Bregassona haben 500.000 bzw. 92.000 beglaubigte Leser.

Zwischen September 2006 und März 2009 lag schweizweit in 1100 Kiosken täglich von Montag bis Freitag die Wirtschaftszeitung Cash daily auf. Im März 2009 wurde die Zeitung eingestellt.

In der Westschweiz gab es von 2005 bis 2009 Le Matin Bleu (353.000 Leser, zur Tageszeitung Le Matin) des Lausanner Medienunternehmens Edipresse. Nach der Übernahme der Schweizer Aktivitäten von Edipresse durch Tamedia wurde Le Matin Bleu eingestellt.

Am 19. September 2007 erschien erstmals die neue Gratiszeitung .ch.  Als Gegenmaßnahme gab Tamedia zusammen mit der Berner und der Basler Zeitung kurz darauf die Gratiszeitung News heraus. .ch verlor den Verdrängungskampf und wurde 2009 eingestellt. Einige Monate danach wurde auch News wieder eingestellt.

2006 gab der Schweizer Medienkonzern Ringier die Abend-Gratiszeitung heute und 2008 deren Nachfolgeblatt Blick am Abend heraus. Dieser erreicht 550.000 beglaubigte Leser.

Eine regionale Gratiszeitung in der Schweiz ist das Biel Bienne vom Büro Cortesi. Biel Bienne wird jede Woche in alle Haushaltungen der Region Biel, Seeland, Berner Jura und der Stadt Grenchen verteilt (Reichweite 104.000 Leser gemäss WEMF MACH Basic 2018-II). Biel Bienne ist zweisprachig, alle Artikel sind in Deutsch und Französisch geschrieben (meist vom selben Autor, also nicht übersetzt). Das Biel Bienne ist damit wichtiger Bestandteil der bilingualen Kultur Biels. Biel Bienne wurde 1978 von Mario Cortesi gegründet. Im Volksmund wird das Biel Bienne auch "Cortesi-Blick" genannt, in Anspielung auf das Boulevardblatt Blick.

Österreichische Gratiszeitungen
Als regionale Wochenzeitungen haben sich Gratiszeitungen in der österreichischen Medienlandschaft längst ihren Platz erobert. Sie erscheinen meist in mehreren Mutationen als Gratiszeitungsringe und auch Bundesländer übergreifend. Unter dem Dach der Regionalmedien Austria (RMA) erscheinen in ganz Österreich insgesamt 139 Zeitungen der Marken bz-Wiener Bezirkszeitung, Bezirksblätter Burgenland, Niederösterreich, Salzburg und Tirol, WOCHE Kärnten und Steiermark, der Kooperationspartner Bezirksrundschau Oberösterreich und Regionalzeitungen Vorarlberg, sowie Grazer, Kärntner Regionalmedien, Brennpunkt Schwaz und Wörgler & Kufsteiner Rundschau. Verbandsmäßig organisiert sind alle österreichischen Gratiszeitungen im Verband der Regionalmedien Österreichs (VRM).

Die Ära der Gratis-Tageszeitungen in Österreich begann in Wien im Jahre 2001. Als ein internationaler Konzern für Wien eine tägliche Gratis-Tageszeitung plante, warf der Verlag der Kronen Zeitung, der reichweitenstärksten Zeitung Österreichs, selbst ein tägliches Gratisblatt auf den Markt, nämlich den in der Wiener U-Bahn verteilten U-Express. Um die Mutterzeitung nicht allzu sehr zu konkurrenzieren, allerdings ohne einige publikumswirksame Elemente (wie z. B. das Fernsehprogramm). Der U-Express wurde gegen den Willen von Krone-Chef Hans Dichand auf Wunsch des deutschen Miteigentümers WAZ nach wenigen Jahren im März 2004 eingestellt. Nur wenige Monate später, im September 2004, erschien aber eine neue, kostenlose und etwas umfangreichere Zeitung für die U-Bahn namens Heute. Medieninhaber ist die AHVV Verlags GmbH. Als Geschäftsführerin fungiert neben Wolfgang Jansky die Schwiegertochter des verstorbenen Krone-Chefs Hans Dichand, Eva Dichand. Sie ist zudem Herausgeberin des Blattes.

Heute ist mittlerweile nach Niederösterreich, Graz, Linz und Wels expandiert. In Graz ist ihr die Styria Media Group (Kleine Zeitung) zuvorgekommen. Seit dem 22. Mai 2006 gab Styria dort die Gratis-Tageszeitung OK heraus. Im Juli 2007 zogen sich sowohl Heute als auch OK zeitgleich aus Graz zurück.

In Wien wird seit 2006 eine Gratisausgabe der Tageszeitung Österreich über Auslagekästen verteilt.

Weitere Gratis-Tageszeitungen erscheinen in Oberösterreich mit Oberösterreichs Neue vom Medienhaus Wimmer sowie in Tirol die Tiroler Tageszeitung Kompakt.

Laut Sektion 8 der SPÖ Wien bestehen (Februar 2017) etwa 800 Selbstentnahmeboxen von Heute und Österreich vor allem bei U-Bahn-Stationen. Diese Sektion betrieb ein Verbot auch wegen des Anfalls von Reinigungskosten durch weggeworfene Zeitungen, ihr Antrag erhielt jedoch am Landesparteitag im April 2017 keine Mehrheit.

Gratiszeitungen in Luxemburg
In Luxemburg erscheint seit 10. Oktober 2007 die Gratiszeitung L'essentiel in einer Tochtergesellschaft des Verlags Editpress, welcher mit dem Tageblatt die zweitgrößte Tageszeitung des Landes herausgibt. Am 27. November 2007 reagierte der Verlag Saint-Paul, dessen Haupttitel D'Wort die auflagenstärkste Zeitung ist, mit dem ebenfalls kostenlosen Titel Point24. Beide Publikationen sind ausschließlich in französischer Sprache verfasst, auch die inhaltliche und optische Gestaltung ähnelt den gängigen Gratiszeitungen im benachbarten Frankreich. Point24 wurde Ende 2012 wieder eingestellt.

Anmerkungen

Literatur
 Piet Bakker: Free Daily Newspapers; Business Models and Strategies. In: JMM Journal of Media Management. 4 (3), 180–187 (2002).
 Thomas Driendl: Der Markt für Gratiszeitungen in Österreich. Diplomarbeit, Universität Innsbruck 2005.
 Marcus Haas: Die geschenkte Zeitung. Bestandsaufnahme und Studien zu einem neuen Pressetyp in Europa. Lit Vlg. Hopf, Münster 2005, ISBN 3-8258-8632-8.
 Nikolaus Lahusen: Inhalt und Schranken der Pressefreiheit – Die rechtliche Problematik des Gratisvertriebs von Tageszeitungen. Schriften zum Medienrecht, Bd. 6. Verlag Dr. Kovač, Hamburg 2004, ISBN 3-8300-1664-6.
 Marc-Christian Ollrog: Verdrängung oder Koexistenz: Frankreichs Tagespresse unter der Expansion der Gratiszeitungen (zugleich Diplomarbeit, Universität Leipzig 2006).
 Robert G. Picard: Strategic Responses to Free Distribution Daily Newspapers. In: The International Journal on Media Management. Volume 3, No. 3, 2001, S. 167–172.
 Carly L. Price: Threats and Opportunities of Free Newspapers. INMA (International Newspaper Marketing Association), Dallas 2002.
 Piet Bakker: The life cycle of a free newspaper business model in newspaper-rich markets Journalistica Nr. 1. 2013/33

Weblinks

 Newspaper Innovation – Weblog von Piet Bakker zur internationalen Entwicklung von Gratis-Tageszeitungen (englisch)
 Sturm im Blätterwald – Artikel in 'Folio' – Magazin der Neuen Zürcher Zeitung

Zeitungstyp

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Enjoying The Course: Phew! It's O-V-E-R!
Well, I'm shocked. Awed. Amazed.
I did it. I completed my SCUBA training and am now a certified PADI Open Water Diver.
We did two dives on Saturday and two dives today. All four dives were in Square Lake near Stillwater. Visibility was only so-so. Maybe 6-8 feet. Apparently it's normally much better. Oh well.
Dive 1 was simply an orientation dive. There a little diamond-shaped course that we were supposed to follow. I had some buoyancy issues (getting to the bottom and staying down). And then my fins came off a couple times. I was totally able to keep calm and put them back on and adjust them without a hitch. I did get to see some fish, though. That was pretty neat. And all the plant life that's so annoying when swimming? It's kinda pretty when diving.
Dive 2 was mostly done out at a platform. We did a couple exercises to get out there. Tired diver tows. Snorkel/regulator exchanges. Once we got to the platform and descended, panic started to set in. I felt claustrophobic. I knew I was getting air, but I didn't feel like I was. It's an adjustment switching from nose breathing to mouth breathing with something in my mouth. I just wanted to get that thing out of my mouth. I did manage to remain calm, though. When the instructor came by, I signaled that I needed to go up. One of the other instructors ascended with me and talked me down out of my panic. I descended again and completed all the exercises. Fin pivot. Regulator recovery and clearing. Flooding and clearing my mask. Alternate air exchange and ascent.
I was so proud of myself for working through my anxiety and having a successful first two dives. I was really excited to go back today. I familiarized myself with the remaining exercises and discussed with Jeff the best way to accomplish them.
Dive 3 was back out at the platform. Before getting in the water, though, we reviewed the basics of using a compass. This time our descent had to be without holding onto the line, but using it as a visual reference. The panic/claustrophobia did begin to set in a little once at the platform, but I successfully worked through it. We had to do another flood/clear of my mask. This time was not as successful as the day before. I ended up taking in water and had to cough my way through it before I could clear my mask. In the end, I was successful though. We did another fin pivot exercise while on the platform and then a controlled emergency ascent. I had to repeat this exercise, because I forgot to do some basic preparation before heading to the surface. My second attempt was flawless. We returned to shore with a surface swim using compass navigation.
Dive 4 was the final dive for the certification. This time our descent was supposed to be without a visual reference. I wasn't quite able to descend perfectly straight down. Good thing everything is done in the buddy system, so Jeff stayed near me, and we made it to the platform A-OK. We were supposed to do a complete mask removal and replacement. I was unable to psych myself into doing this exercise. Fail. We did a hovering exercise and practiced a safety stop (hovering at about 15 ft for 3 min) before getting to the surface. I really was apprehensive that I would be successful at these exercises, but I did surprising well. We surface swam back to shore and then did a little more navigation work. Many of the others in the class swam out to find a sunken boat; I had to work with the instructor on mask removal and replacement.
as I work on disassembling my scuba unit.
I'm still not 100% comfortable being underwater, and there are a few skills that I definitely need to improve on, but I'm certified and can now practice whenever we feel like renting tanks of air.
We already have most of the gear (yeah, that's now confident Jeff was that I would pass. Best. Husband. Ever). Including full face masks with communication units. I got the one in emerald (lower right) and Jeff got the white. These will be great because I won't actually have a regulator in my mouth and will be able to breathe more naturally through both my nose and mouth. The extra bonus is that Jeff and I will be able to actually talk with each other. I'm kind of excited to get in the water with this baby.
My next dive will probably be at SeaLife Minnesota (an aquarium at the Mall of America). Jeff scheduled us to go on July 17th, but I want a little more time to work on buoyancy and simply get more comfortable being submerged in water first. He'll do this first dive with a different buddy while I observe from the top of the tank. Luckily, we have access to a deep, 14' pool across the street on campus for me to practice in, so I can feel more comfortable and prepare for Scuba with the Sharks.
If you ever make it to Tobermory, Ontario, Canada make sure to check out the Fathom Five Park. It's Ontario's only underwater park... I think it boasts of having 17 shipwrecks.
Thanks, Stacey! That sounds really awesome. I'll have to check it out.
Congrats!! Really, you should be so proud of yourself for working through your anxiety and doing all that! GREAT JOB!
Go you! And I hear that hair is totally coming back!


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Update: MA stripclub bouncer to face charges after assault video hits the net
by Marvin McBeastmaster | Feb 22, 2011 | Videos | 1 comment
Click Here to Watch Original Video
http://www1.whdh.com/news/articles/local/12003602062767/worcester-bouncer-facing-charges-after-beating-victim/
WORCESTER, Mass. — A bouncer at a Worcester club is now facing several charges. Those charges include assault, robbery and kidnapping.
The video is getting a lot of attention on YouTube. One moment the strip club's bouncer looks at the camera and smiles, and then he throws a punch in the face.
The bouncer, identified by Worcester Police as 35-year-old Easton Byfield, strikes the victim after accusing him of selling drugs inside the club. Byfield locked the door and the punched him a second, third and then fourth time in the bathroom of the club.
Police say there is no evidence at all that the 25-year-old victim did anything wrong.
"We don't know if this is just one isolated incident or if this is something he's been doing and shaking down people in the past," said Sgt. Kerry Hazelhurst of the Worcester Police Department. "Pretty much what this looked like was a shakedown. This video that we have that we took off of YouTube is a pretty graphic in detailed video. It's a great piece of evidence. It pretty much leaves it with little doubt on what occurred and what went on."
Police say Byfield stole $300 out of the victim's wallet and called it the victim's "sacrifice."
7NEWS caught up with Byfield at his condo complex while he was walking two little dogs. There, he told 7NEWS that he had never heard of YouTube.
At the club, the manager at the door told 7NEWS that this was an isolated incident.
"Nothing like this ever happens here. We are a respectful club. This is a gentlemen's club," said Alberto Rodriguez, club manager.
Byfield will be arraigned on Tuesday at Worcester District Court.
Meanwhile, police want to speak with the man who was shooting the video. He has been identified as another bouncer at the Platinum Premier Club.
Since the beating happened on May 25 there are suspicions that the two bouncers had a falling out, and that's why the video surfaced.
Truck hits car, girl gets out and acts all ragey
What a tortilla actually sounds like on a record player
Why you should definitely buy an acrylic water pipe
Why Walmart only has 3 lanes open
Hate Crime on February 23, 2011 at 3:35 pm
I hope he goes down in flames! What about his buddy that recorded the video and did absolutely nothing to stop the incident or turn the video over to the police before now? I think he should face charges as well.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Breastfeeding: To Be Or Not To Be?
by Rajshri on September 1, 2006 at 8:43 PM General Health News
A report in The New York Times says that breastfeeding in the US depends on what class mothers belong to. Apparently mothers from professional backgrounds are allowed to breastfeed their babies, while poor mothers are frowned upon.
"I feel like I had to choose between feeding my baby the best food and earning a living," said Jennifer Munoz, a former cashier at Resorts Atlantic City Casino. She said she had to take irregular breaks behind a fridge or the toilet in order to dump her milk.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says that seventy-three percent of mothers now breast-feed their newborns. Doctors believe breast milk offers babies protection and reduces the rate of infection, the risk of allergies, obesity, and chronic disease later in life.
<< NHS Bosses Want To Encourage Women To Take Up Pap Smears
Gene Therapy Used In Treating Cancer >>
Noscaphene (Noscapine)


iCanon 粉絲簽到打卡帖 2018年11月15日-粉絲打卡簽到區-粉絲交流區-iCanon 愛佳攝影俱樂部 - Powered by Discuz!
我在 2018-11-15 00:00 完成簽到,是今天第一個簽到的用戶,獲得隨機獎勵 魔力 1601MP,另外我還額外獲得了 魔力 10MP.
GMT+8, 2019-4-25 22:54 , Processed in 0.539672 second(s), 18 queries , Apc On.


9 AI, 18 AO, 2 x RS232, 1 x RS485, 2 x CAN-bus, 1 x USB 2.0.
Software support (library) for piloting DC motors as well as current and voltage piloted hydraulic valves.
1 non scalable input 0-30V.
2x RS232 + 1x RS485 full duplex.
1 of the serial channels can be used in loopback mode for software testing.
32 Mbit serial flash memory: usable for data (logging) or virtual terminal application.
32 bit ARM cortex-M4 CPU.
64KByte High Speed program ram 64KByte High Speed data ram.
32KByte High Speed communication ram 1024Kbye on chip flash memory.


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Rabini Wrocławia – lista rabinów dolnośląskiej stolicy Wrocław (przed nazwiskiem – daty piastowania funkcji rabina, za nazwiskiem – daty życia).

Do 1945

Rabini ortodoksyjni
 1755–1799: Isaiah Pick Berlin
 1887–1921: Ferdinand Rosenthal
 1921–1938: Moses Hoffman
 1938–1943: Bernard Hamburger

Rabini liberalni
 1834–1863: Abraham Geiger (1810–1874)
 1863–1890: Manuel Joel
 1891–1919: Jacob Guttmann
 Herman Vogelstein
 1938–1943: Reinhold Lewin

Od 1945
 1946–1951: Szulim Treisman
 1952–1956: Aron Muszel
 1957–1966: Uszer Zibes
 2000–2001: Ron Hoffberg
 2002–2003: Ivan Caine
 2006–2011: Icchak Rapoport
 2012–2013: Samuel Rosenberg
 2013–2015: Tyson Herberger

Zobacz też
 :Kategoria:Judaica we Wrocławiu


text:
Foreign Internet Celebrities on Trip to Explore Shaanxi
China Media Group CRIOnline
XI'AN, China, Nov. 5, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -- A reporting activity-International Internet Celebrities Witnessing the Happiness of Shaanxi People, was launched on November 2 in Xixian New Area of Shaanxi province, with China Media Group CRI Online and the province's cyberspace administration as co-organizers.
Popular "we media" writers from Britain, France, the United States, Canada, Mexico and Spain will visit Fengxi New City in Xixian New Area, Gaoling District of Xi'an City and Dali County in Weinan City during a tour that will last through November 6.
They will experience Shaanxi's latest progress in developing innovative cities, building a beautiful countryside and promoting the integration of culture and tourism and appreciate the charm of local intangible cultural heritages during the trip that is expected to showcase the province's achievements in poverty alleviation through tourism, cultural and industrial development.
The trip will be broadcast through VLOGs and short videos on international social media platforms.
At the opening ceremony, Maximiliano Javier Carrera Camacho from Mexico gave a speech on behalf of the participants.
"We expect that through the activity, we will find the answer to why China can win the battle against poverty and achieve progress in city development and urban innovation. We will bring the story of Shaanxi back to our countries and help more people learn about the province so as to promote exchange and cooperation between our countries and Shaanxi and local cities like Xi'an and Weinan."
Noelia Rodriguez Pascual from Spain has been living in China for a long time. In recent years, Shaanxi has become a frequent topic of her discussion with friends.
"I believe Shaanxi, which boasts abundant cultural heritages, will bring us the most memorable and amazing experience."
Matthew Charles Galat is from the United States.
"Xi'an is a modern city. Meanwhile, it has well combined culture, history and modernity. I'm looking forward to the trip and I hope that I can show the happiness in Shaanxi to my followers."
Source: China Media Group CRIOnline
Keywords: Computer/Electronics Multimedia/Online/Internet Social Media Travel
Tencent Cloud Supports World Rowing to Deliver Virtual Indoor Rowing Championships to Global Audience
Passport Technology Inc. and Automated Systems America Inc. Combine to Form Leading Gaming Payments Technology Company
Artmarket.com: Artprice Global Indices show the strength of Contemporary Art and Drawing in 2020: both segments adapted particularly well to rapid digitization


Charles leads the Office of Faculty and Staff Benefits and GUWellness, striving to make the culture of Georgetown a place that people want to work through providing the benefits that will attract and retain employees. DeSantis also served in the role of Manager for the recently adopted 10-year campus plan and is the co-convener of the Georgetown Africa Interest Network (GAIN). Since traveling to Kenya in June 2007, DeSantis has been very active in raising much needed funds for children and families in Africa. He has also developed an arts education program for university bound high school age AIDS orphans in the heart of the Kibera Slum, the largest slum in the continent of Africa on the edge of Nairobi, Kenya. In 2010, he published his first book, Smart, Beautiful and Important, which documents his experiences with the amazing young art students throughout the first three years of the program. In addition, DeSantis is a member of the board of directors of Nyumbani, the first Kenyan orphanage for children with HIV/AIDS in Kenya, serving more than 60,000 kids in Kenya. Most recently, DeSantis has been asked to serve as Chairman of the Board for USA for UNHCR.
Rachel Bridges has been the Director of GUWellness: Mind, Body, Soul since its inception in 2007. Rachel is a Reiki III practitioner, self defense instructor and a co-facilitator with the Mind Body Skills program offered through Georgetown University's School of Medicine's Mind-Body Medicine Program. She also serves as the Director of Benefits Services and Communications in the Office of Faculty and Staff Benefits.
Sarah has been working with GUWellness since joining the University community in 2010. She tries to weave stillness and presence into her daily work in digital communications, special events and employee service. She's currently focused on physical wellness, so she isn't the first to die in the zombie apocalypse.
To read about our contributing authors, click here.


Technical fishing reel | Integrated lace between the roller and the reel's body, without slots or gaps that could cause the escape of the line or to remain clamped. | Adjustable brake | Stainless steel mechanism that, joined to the aluminium body and to the roller's Delrin, ensures a great structural rigidity, essential to avoid erosion or blocking. | Stainless steel AISI 316 screws. | It includes double sulphurous snap hook. | 130 mts capacity (it includes white rope of 2mm diameter).
Technical fishing reel of robust construction that combines duralumin and Delrin with assembly elements in stainless steel AISI 316.
130 mts capacity (it includes white rope of 2mm diameter).
It includes double sulphurous snap hook.
Stainless steel AISI 316 screws.
Fixation system through a little sphere that allows lacing over itself to be able to fix it for example at medium height of anchor rope.
Stainless steel mechanism that, joined to the aluminum body and to the roller's Delrin, ensures a great structural rigidity, essential to avoid erosion or blocking.
Calibrated rope to obtain great relationship flexibility-body-weight and make it stable while rolling and unrolling.
Adjustable brake system to avoid the excessive freedom of the reel on emptying stage and also avoiding to release unreasonable thread.
Integrated lace between the roller and the reel's body, without slots or gaps that could cause the escape of the line or to remain clamped.


text:
Home > CNHS > CNHS_FAC > 16
Nicole Wertheim College of Nursing and Health Sciences
The Elusive Role of the Left Temporal Pole (BA38) in Language: A Preliminary Meta-Analytic Connectivity Study
Alfredo Ardilla, Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Florida International UniversityFollow
Byron Bernal, Miami Children's Hospital
Monica Rosselli, Florida Atlantic University
Date of this Version
It has been suggested that the left temporal pole (Brodmann area 38 (BA38)) participates in diverse language functions, including semantic processing, speech comprehension, and naming. Utilizing the activation likelihood estimation (ALE), a meta-analytic connectivity study was conducted to further our understanding on the role of BA38 in language. Departing from the BrainMap functional database, 11 papers corresponding to 12 paradigms including 201 participants were selected. Initially, � < 0.01 was employed as the significance level, resulting in the presence of four different activation clusters.However,when the significance level was lowered to � < 0.05, sixteen activation clusters appeared, including classical language areas such as Broca's and Wernicke's areas. It was concluded that (1) this meta-analytic connectivity study suggests the presence of two major connection circuits involving BA38; one is related to language,while the othermay be involved in visuospatial and integrative audiovisual functions. Furthermore, (2) BA38 also contributes to various brain networks supporting linguistic processes related not only to language comprehension but also to language production.
Originally published in the International Journal of Brain Science.
Alfredo Ardila, Byron Bernal, and Monica Rosselli, "The Elusive Role of the Left Temporal Pole (BA38) in Language: A Preliminary Meta-Analytic Connectivity Study," International Journal of Brain Science, vol. 2014, Article ID 946039, 7 pages, 2014. doi:10.1155/2014/946039
Medicine and Health Sciences Commons
10.1155/2014/946039
CNHS Homepage


text:
Cisco bug could let hackers control Net traffic
Cisco Systems and an Internet security watchdog warn of a bug in the networking hardware maker's routers that could allow hackers to disrupt Web traffic or intercept information.
CNET News staff
LONDON--Networking hardware maker Cisco Systems and the Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT) Coordination Center have warned of a bug in Cisco routers that could allow hackers to disrupt Internet traffic or intercept sensitive information.
The bug, revealed Thursday, allows an attacker to gain control of any Cisco router running certain operating software. Routers are devices that control how data moves around the Internet. Malicious attackers could stop Internet traffic, intercept information such as passwords and credit card numbers, or redirect traffic from Web sites.
The vulnerability allows a person to take control of the router without authorization. It affects "virtually all" mainstream Cisco routers and switches running Cisco's proprietary operating software, known as IOS.
"This access allows a remote attacker to inspect or change the configuration of the device, effectively allowing complete control," Internet security watchdog CERT wrote in an advisory Thursday.
Cisco said the vulnerability is caused by a flaw in the Web-server embedded in its routers that allow administrators to remotely control the devices via the Internet. As a result, it is possible to bypass authentication and exercise complete control over the router. The vulnerability requires little skill to exploit: an attacker can simply send a crafted URL, and commands will be executed on the router.
Cisco is recommending that these internal Web servers be disabled. The company is providing a software upgrade and a "workaround" to fix the problem, which will be available on its Web site.
Cisco said it has not had any reports of the bug being exploited. The bug originally was reported by independent consumers.
"We've had no reports by customers of active exploitation of these vulnerabilities," a Cisco spokeswoman confirmed in an e-mail interview. "The vulnerabilities have been or are in the process of being fixed, and the security advisories are being shared with customers."
Staff writer Matthew Broersma reported from London.
Discuss: Cisco bug could let hackers control Net traffic


text:
Leading the technology transformation for social care
150 innovative
50 CPD
How To Get To The
Show And More
Showcase At
The Care Tech Live
2020-03-17 10:00:00 2020-03-18 16:00:00 Europe/London Care Tech Live Care Tech Live at Birmingham NEC Birmingham, NEC Care Tech Live
Care Tech Live is a feature of the Dementia, Care & Nursing Home Expo and Home Care Expo. Care Tech Live is a unique platform for social care business owners and management teams to receive education and source the latest technology that will help them to generate business growth, improve care quality and implement a sustainable social care model.
Care Tech Live runs alongside:
When Is The Show?
Tuesday 17th March 2020 - Doors: 10AM - 5PM
Wednesday 18th March 2020 - Doors: 10AM - 4PM
Glen Garrod
Immediate Past-President of the Association of Directors of Adult Social Services (ADASS) and Executive Director Adult Care and Community Wellbeing, Lincolnshire County Council
Glen joined Lincolnshire County Council in March 2012. His role was expanded to include Public Health in October 2016 when he became the Executive Director of Adult Care and Community Wellbeing. Glen''s background is in clinical psychology, social work, applied research and, being a persistent student he then went off and obtained an MBA.
Glen has worked in Scotland, Wales, England, India and the USA. He has also spent a month studying Local Government in New Zealand. His previous roles have included responsibility for adult and children''s services and housing and leisure. He relinquished his role as the East Midlands Branch Chair for the Association of Directors of Social Services (ADASS) in March 2017, which he held for two years, to become the Vice-President of ADASS. He became the President of ADASS in April 2018, handing over the role to Julie Ogley at the end of April 2019 to become the immediate past-President . He chairs the Lincolnshire Task Group responsible for producing the Lincolnshire Better Care Fund.
He is a married to a South African GP and has a 14-year-old daughter.
Tweet about this seminar
Is home care likely to thrive – thoughts on new approaches and the importance of a supportive policy context
By the time this event takes place we should have in the intervening period: a Green Paper on both Adult Care and, Prevention. There will also be a Spending Review and – hopefully – a decision taken on what succeeds the Better Care Fund. No doubt there will be other developments to influence what the future for home based services looks like. This session aims to explore these and their impact upon this critical area of social care.
EVEN MORE SEMINARS
Philippa Doyle
Hempsons
All things Court of Protection
Dr Ron Daniels
UK Sepsis Trust
The changing face of sepsis
Helena Zaum
Responsible Innovation in Health and Care
Maria Ball
Quantum Care
Digitally transforming care
Christl Lauterbach
Future-Shape GmbH
Fall Management and Care Assistance | Use of Sensor Floors in Practice
Prysm ENC Limited, a company registered in the United Kingdom, with registered number 10246078 and with its registered office at 4 Colston Avenue, Bristol, BS1 4ST.
For sponsorship & exhibiting enquiries please contact Steve Todd on 0117 929 6097 or at steve.todd@prysmgroup.co.uk
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text:
Comfort one of key considerations in new car purchase, survey finds
Comfort is one of the most important factors for drivers when buying a car, coming second only to price, a new survey has found.
A study of 2,000 drivers found that 45.4 per cent of motorists had comfort as a primary consideration in a new car, falling short of the 74.5 per cent of drivers who cited price as the top priority.
Drivers also highlighted seat comfort, legroom and ambient temperature as the three things which most affected cabin comfort.
However, it wasn't just behind the wheel where comfort was required, as 85.2 per cent of respondents said that passenger comfort was important when deciding upon their next vehicle.
Souad Wrixen, marketing director for Citroen UK, which was behind the study, said: "Despite the ongoing crisis, UK drivers are still spending almost six hours each week behind the wheel. Our research shows that over a third of motorists wish their cars were more comfortable, and at Citroën we're committed to ensuring that comfort is a priority – covering a wide range of measures that help promote health and well-being.
"With the advent of the Citroën Advanced Comfort programme, we have set about redefining the concept of modern comfort to fit requirements, including the feeling of space on-board, connectivity, ergonomic design, and a smooth, comfortable drive."
Citroen has recently bolstered its efforts to make its cars as comfortable as possible, implementing advanced comfort seats and suspension with progressive hydraulic cushions which are designed to offer the most relaxing ride possible.
Britishvolt showcases plan for new West Midlands headquarters
The five best plug-in hybrid cars on sale in 2020


I've been obsessed with "nesting" recently. Actually, it would be more accurate to call it RE-feathering my nest. My old nest had runneth over with 20 years of "stuff" and it was high time to pitch & purge. Please tell me I'm not the only one with a PHD in "stuff". By that, I mean "piled high & deep".
The butterflies are rainbows with wings.


text:
Salt Lake County Board of Health supports mask mandate if necessary
Aug 5, 2021, 8:30 AM | Updated: Aug 9, 2021, 5:46 pm
FILE: State epidemiologist Dr. Angela Dunn is photographed in her office at the Utah Department of Health in Salt Lake City on Thursday, Feb. 25, 2021. Laura Seitz, Deseret News
BY HEATHER KELLY
Correction: An earlier version of this story stated the letter would go to the Salt Lake City Council. It will instead be sent to the Salt Lake County Council, potentially affecting all school districts located within Salt Lake County.
SALT LAKE CITY — Salt Lake County's Board of Health plans to send a letter to the Salt Lake County mayor and county council in support of a mask mandate in public schools this fall, should the county health department's top doctor determine one becomes necessary.
However, Dr. Angela Dunn, Executive Director of the Salt Lake County Health Department, indicated earlier this week she did not plan to ask for one.
Tune to KSL NewsRadio for the latest on this developing story, or join the livestream below.
Dr. Dunn: Masks protect unvaccinated kids
In the board of health meeting Thursday morning, Dunn said ample scientific evidence proves wearing masks at school protects kids who do not yet have protection from a COVID-19 vaccine.
The Salt Lake County Board of Health drafted a letter to send to the Salt Lake County mayor and council. The letter says the board supports the recommendation of a mask requirement in area public schools. The vote to sign and send the letter was unanimous.
Despite earlier public meetings this week drawing large amounts of anti-mask mandate speakers, that did not happen with the Salt Lake County Board of Health meeting. During the public comment phase of the discussion, only one caller opposed a mask mandate in local schools; all other speakers supported the move.
"Masks are largely ineffective, especially in ages of kids who are the least likely to wear them properly," said Jeremiah Olson. He also stated children are less affected by the virus.
But Holly Uphold said the information she's received is that delta variant is much more harmful in kids. She wants the board to push whomever has the ultimate decision on wearing face masks to require them.
Salt Lake County mask mandate still up in the air
No mask mandate takes effect immediately; under state law, a mandate can only take effect after a recommendation from the local health department with approval from local elected officials. Therefore, Salt Lake County council members would need to approve a mask mandate for schools.
If that happens, it would apply to all school districts within Salt Lake County, including Canyons, Granite, Jordan, Murray and Salt Lake City.
Earlier this week, Dunn said she did not plan to ask for a mandate, knowing that the Salt Lake County Council, at that time, opposed one.
This story will be updated.
Janelle Chavez, CNN
Health experts call for end to "exploitative baby formula marketing tactics"
The report, published Tuesday in The Lancet, extensively outlines "predatory tactics" in the baby formula marketing industry.
Aimee Cobabe
Equality Utah supports bill clarifying rules for therapists when it comes to conversion therapy for minors
Equality Utah is supporting a bill adjusting rules for therapists when it comes to conversion therapy for minors.
Dale Spaulding
Is illness or poor air quality causing that cough?
Inversion can impact a person's health. Is that why people are coughing, or is it just the regular cold and flu season?
Michelle Lee
Winter blues: light therapy and lifestyle changes can help
SALT LAKE CITY – With the chilly weather and the shorter days, many people are prone to experience the winter blues. In the latest Let's Get Moving with Maria podcast episode, host Maria Shilaos spoke with Dr. Jason Hunziker from the Huntsman Mental Health Institute about ways people can overcome the winter blues. Seasonal depression […]
Relief from inversion and poor air quality may be in Utah's near future
The Beehive State is in the middle of some thick inversion and poor air quality, but relief may be on the way according to the National Weather Service.


text:
package com.hazelcast.nio.serialization;

import com.hazelcast.internal.serialization.Data;
import com.hazelcast.internal.serialization.SerializationServiceBuilder;
import com.hazelcast.internal.serialization.impl.DefaultSerializationServiceBuilder;
import com.hazelcast.internal.serialization.SerializationService;
import com.hazelcast.test.HazelcastParallelClassRunner;
import com.hazelcast.test.annotation.ParallelJVMTest;
import com.hazelcast.test.annotation.QuickTest;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.experimental.categories.Category;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import java.io.IOException;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;

@RunWith(HazelcastParallelClassRunner.class)
@Category({QuickTest.class, ParallelJVMTest.class})
public class PortableVersionTest {

    // Test for issue https://github.com/hazelcast/hazelcast/issues/12733
    @Test
    public void test_nestedPortable_versionedSerializer() {
        SerializationServiceBuilder builder1 = new DefaultSerializationServiceBuilder();
        builder1.setPortableVersion(6);
        builder1.addPortableFactory(1, new PortableFactory() {
            @Override
            public Portable create(int classId) {
                if (classId == 1) {
                    return new Parent();
                } else if (classId == 2) {
                    return new Child();
                }
                return null;
            }
        });
        SerializationService ss1 = builder1.build();

        SerializationServiceBuilder builder2 = new DefaultSerializationServiceBuilder();
        builder2.setPortableVersion(6);
        builder2.addPortableFactory(1, new PortableFactory() {
            @Override
            public Portable create(int classId) {
                if (classId == 1) {
                    return new Parent();
                } else if (classId == 2) {
                    return new Child();
                }
                return null;
            }
        });
        SerializationService ss2 = builder2.build();

        //make sure ss2 cached class definition of Child
        ss2.toData(new Child("sancar"));

        //serialized parent from ss1
        Parent parent = new Parent(new Child("sancar"));
        Data data = ss1.toData(parent);

        // cached class definition of Child and the class definition from data coming from ss1 should be compatible
        assertEquals(parent, ss2.toObject(data));
    }

    private static class Child implements Portable {

        private String name;

        Child() {
        }

        Child(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }

        @Override
        public int getFactoryId() {
            return 1;
        }

        @Override
        public int getClassId() {
            return 2;
        }

        @Override
        public void writePortable(PortableWriter writer) throws IOException {
            writer.writeUTF("name", name);
        }

        @Override
        public void readPortable(PortableReader reader) throws IOException {
            name = reader.readUTF("name");
        }

        @Override
        public boolean equals(Object o) {
            if (this == o) {
                return true;
            }
            if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) {
                return false;
            }

            Child child = (Child) o;
            return name != null ? name.equals(child.name) : child.name == null;
        }

        @Override
        public int hashCode() {
            return name != null ? name.hashCode() : 0;
        }
    }

    private static class Parent implements Portable {

        private Child child;

        Parent() {
        }

        Parent(Child child) {
            this.child = child;
        }

        @Override
        public int getFactoryId() {
            return 1;
        }

        @Override
        public int getClassId() {
            return 1;
        }

        @Override
        public void writePortable(PortableWriter writer) throws IOException {
            writer.writePortable("child", child);
        }

        @Override
        public void readPortable(PortableReader reader) throws IOException {
            child = reader.readPortable("child");
        }

        @Override
        public boolean equals(Object o) {
            if (this == o) {
                return true;
            }
            if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) {
                return false;
            }

            Parent parent = (Parent) o;
            return child != null ? child.equals(parent.child) : parent.child == null;
        }

        @Override
        public int hashCode() {
            return child != null ? child.hashCode() : 0;
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


If you want your pet to become the mightiest warrior in the universe, you need our Thor Dog Costume! Featuring the old school Thor suit with it's blue and yellow body, bright red cape and silver winged helmet. Your pup need not worry about Thanos, or any super villain for that matter!


10 Things to Do if You Get Into a Car Accident - Lindner Law LLC.
Getting involved in a car accident is not a matter of 'if', but 'when'. Even minor accidents can leave drivers feeling shaken up and overwhelmed, so it is important to maintain a clear head and stay calm in an accident. The following is a list of 10 things to do if you find yourself involved in a traffic accident.
Safety first. If your accident is minor, move all vehicles out of the way of other traffic and to a safe place. Turn off your vehicle, but keep your hazard lights on. Make sure you and no other drivers or passengers are hurt. If there are injuries, contact an ambulance for help. You should always call the police, even if the accident is minor. A police report is often used by insurers to verify any claims and also to help establish if anyone is at fault. And never leave the scene of an accident – even if it's a minor fender bender.
Keep a "Car Wreck Kit" with you. The worst thing that can happen is you are flustered and unprepared to document an accident. This can be crucial if there is any dispute about fault or further litigation down the line. Your kit should have a small notepad, pencil (so you can write if it's raining), your insurance liability card, and maybe even a disposable camera. A disposable camera can be handy if your phone breaks and you can't take pictures that way. Some states offer an 'accident report form' that you might consider printing and keeping in your vehicle.
Use your Car Wreck Kit. Document what you can. The notepad should be used to record your immediate recollections, such as the date and time, weather and traffic conditions and a brief description of what happened. You should also obtain the names and contact information of the other drivers and any other witnesses, including the names and badge numbers of police officers. If you are unable to write this down, then consider calling a friend or relative and describing what happened, and what you see. They could serve as a witness to corroborate any claims. You should take photos of the scene, any damage to your car or others, and even injuries, if you are able to do so. This could be crucial evidence to any case involving the car wreck in the future.
Swap Information. This sort of overlaps with the step above but it's important you and any other drivers swap both contact information, as well as insurance information. Try to find out if the driver is a registered owner of the vehicle – if not find out who is registered. This can be particularly important if the vehicle is a company car, or the driver was driving during the course of their employment. Be careful though – you should only reveal your name, the vehicle information and insurance company. If you want, you may swap your cell phone number, but be careful about revealing your address to people you do not know.
Don't admit liability! Even if you think it is your fault, do not say it was. Often, there can be information that you do not know of when you make this admission, such as that the other driver was distracted, or your car malfunctioned. If you admit fault, this could be held against you later.
Find out what you need to do to file a claim with your insurer. Do not admit any fault to them either – find out only very objectively what they require in order to start the claims process. At the end of the day, most insurers will attempt to reach a settlement that is as low value as possible, whether that is in your best interest or not.
Keep a paper trail. If you speak to any insurer or company representative, write down their name, the date and a brief description of their conversation. Hang on to any receipts you have in connection with the accident, including repair costs, transportation, towing receipts or storage costs. Make sure everything is kept in a safe place, in an organized fashion.
Make an appointment with your doctor. A lot of injuries are not apparent right after an accident. Your adrenaline is rushing, and your body has not yet adjusted. Most individuals feel pain the next day or two. You should consider setting up an appointment as soon as possible with your doctor on the date of the accident. If you have to visit the doctor shortly after, document the date, time, and what was discussed at the appointment. Keep these documents in your file listed in Number 7 above.
If you are seriously injured, take stock. Focus on your health, of course, but start finding out how much your injuries will cost you – both in terms of medical expenses as well as lost wages and time. Start finding out how much your bills are, how far your paychecks go, and the effect your injuries have on your personal life. Once you start paying attention to this and recording it, this will help you in the future if you have to file a lawsuit.
Finally, hire an attorney, it is never too early in the case to get an attorney on your side. Even if not formal lawsuit is filed, a car accident attorney can guide you through the settlement process with insurers. You should never sign a settlement without speaking to an attorney who is looking out for your best interests. Attorneys can begin investigating the accident shortly after it occurs, which will preserve evidence and witness recollection in case it is needed. And of course, if you have experienced (or perhaps even caused) significant injuries, having an attorney on your side earlier means they have more time to prepare any case or defense.
Car accidents happen every day, in all parts of the country. With this list, you can feel a little more confident and prepared about what you should and should not do when you get involved in one.


text:
Die Liste der Flugplätze und Flughäfen in Sierra Leone enthält die zivilen Flughäfen und Flugplätze des westafrikanischen Staates Sierra Leone.

Quelle:

* Flughafenbau eingestellt (Stand 2018)

Weblinks
 Airports in Sierra Leone (englisch)

Einzelnachweise

Sierra Leone
!


Liberal Democrats in Northumberland have slammed the Conservatives for their 'utter hypocrisy' over wind power development in the county.
Ahead of a motion to be debated at Wednesday's full Council meeting, the Conservative group on Northumberland County Council called on the authority to take a more anti-wind power line – even though there have been planning applications submitted to build turbines on land owned by their leader, Councillor Peter Jackson.
Councillor Arthur Pegg, a member of the council's ruling Lib Dem executive, said: "If the Conservatives are so against building wind turbines in Northumberland, why is their leader trying to have them built on his own land?
"Yet again, the Conservatives are trying to tell everyone else in Northumberland that there should be one rule for them and another for the rest of us.
This is not the first time the Conservatives have been accused of hypocrisy on this issue. There was huge controversy when Conservative former County Council member Neil Carmichael, who is now a Gloucestershire MP, supported a turbine planning application on his land in Northumberland while campaigning against wind power development during his 2010 General Election campaign.
Councillor Pegg's comments came following the Deputy Prime Minister's visit to the north east last week, during which he spoke of the great potential to grow of the region's renewable energy sector.
In his motion to the council, Councillor Glen Sanderson urged the council to take decisive action to limit and manage the spread of onshore wind turbines in our county, in the interests of the local environment and of residents living near to turbines.
He said: "Across the UK, councils are debating, and passing, policies with the purpose of limiting and managing applications for turbine development. Other councils have provided clear leadership on the wind farm issue, leadership which is as yet clearly lacking in Northumberland.
He called for the council to accept no new applications for a wind turbine unless it meets minimum distance requirements of 1km for a 50m tall turbine, 1.5km for a 100m tall turbine, 2km for a 150m tall turbine and 3km for anything over 150m tall.
He also wants to the council to set criteria relating to the cumulative impact of individual wind farms and wind turbines, to protect local residents, economy, landscape, environment and sites of cultural heritage.
Lastly, he requests that the council will only accept applications for wind turbines after all procedural requirements as outlined in PPS 22 and other planning guidance have been fully carried out.


A total of 23 search results for commercial hard money lenders were found in Arkansas. The median loan amount is $301,232. Rates for private loans average around 9.9%. The median loan issued in the state is for 29 months. The mean note includes a 2.9 percent origination charge. Lenders offer on average a 72% loan-to-value on hard money loans in Arkansas.
Alisa owns a business in El Dorado, AR and needs to buy a new commercial building for her operations. Because she isn't able to secure a conforming loan from a bank, she turns to Axis Finance Company for a commercial private money loan. The building will cost $860,000. Based on a 55% loan-to-value (LTV) set by the lender, the loan principle amount will be $473,000. The additional $387,000 will be be paid by Alisa . The loan also specifies a 4 year term, a 14% rate of interest, interest-only payments made each month with a final payment at the end of the note (with no pre-payment penalty), and a 3 point origination fee. Alisa can eliminate the loan at any point by paying off the $473,000 in principle, however, she will be required to make $5,518 per month interest payments ($473,000 principle value x 14% interest rate / 12 months per year) in the interim, or up to the point the loan expires. Since there is no pre-payment penalty, the only other expense she would have is the $14,190 origination fee which she will contribute at the closing.
Maurice runs a business in El Dorado, AR and decides to acquire a new building for his operations. Since he cannot get a conforming loan from a bank, he looks to Big Lake Lending Group for a commercial private money loan. The new building carries a price tag of $1,110,000. Maurice will need to put 20% down, or $222,000, because the lender will loan only 80% of the purchase (the loan to value or "LTV"). This means the principle on the deal is $888,000. The deal also specifies a 2 year length, a 13% interest rate, interest only payments made each month with a final payment when the note expires (without a pre-payment penalty), and a 1 point origination charge. By the rules of this deal, Maurice will be required to pay an origination charge of $8,880 at closing (1% x $888,000 principle value) and will then begin making payments of $9,620 monthly ($888,000 principle value x 13% interest / 12 months per year). Finally, he will make a final payment of the $888,000 principle value when the loan expires, or before if he chooses to pay off early.


text:
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As Thai military holds on to power, a 1980 order by former PM Prem looms large
Former Thai Prime Minister Prem Tinsulanonda, who died on May 26, and Thanathorn Juangroongruangkit, the leader of Thailand's Future Forward Party, were separated by almost six decades in age — and by much else. But a clear thread connects the political legacy of Prem and the legal pressure on Mr Thanathorn.
General Prem Tinsulanonda putting on a beret before addressing cadets at a military academy in Nakhon Nayok province in 2006.
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Michael Montesano
By Michael Montesano
Former Thai Prime Minister Prem Tinsulanonda, who died on May 26 at the age of 98, and Thanathorn Juangroongruangkit, the 40-year old leader of Thailand's Future Forward Party, were separated by almost six decades in age — and by much else.
Born in the Southern Thai province of Songkhla, General Prem was a career military officer who distinguished himself in north-east Thailand before rising to the post of Army commander-in-chief. In the last two decades of his life, he served as chairman of the Privy Council, an influential body of advisors to the Thai king.
Mr Thanathorn, who challenged Prime Minister Prayuth Chan-ocha for the premiership in Wednesday's (June 5's) session of parliament in Bangkok but lost, is the Bangkok-born scion of a Thai Chinese family that made its fortune in the automobile parts business.
A former deputy-secretary general of the Students Federation of Thailand, he has long faced accusations of disrespect toward the monarchy. His party emerged as the third best-performing party in the March general election despite being just a year old.
On May 25, the Constitutional Court suspended him from parliament on technical charges relating to the violation of the electoral law.
These differences notwithstanding, a clear thread connects the political legacy of Prem and the legal pressure on Mr Thanathorn.
In early 1980, a murky deal involving the palace resulted in Prem replacing Kriangsak Chamanan as Thailand's prime minister. The simple significance of this deal was that the counter-insurgency wing of the country's security forces had taken control of the Thai state.
Prem's policy of amnesty for Communist Party of Thailand (CPT) fighters, introduced in 1982, and the subsequent demise of that party have received attention in obituaries.
But another measure, taken in the second month of his premiership, has proved far more consequential.
Prime Ministerial Order 66/2523 of April 23 1980 articulated a counter-insurgency philosophy that Prem and a number of close advisors had developed over the course of the 1970s.
It committed the Thai military to advancing a political line, to supporting democracy and the popular good, and of thereby denying support to the CPT. The order stressed the roles of the Cabinet, the National Security Council and the Internal Security Operations Command and the importance of attention to the demands of the people.
But, despite its embrace of democracy, it made no mention of elections, parliament or political parties as vehicles for the legitimate expression of those demands.
Prem served as prime minister for eight years. Thailand had elections during those years, but he never ran in them or joined a political party.
His governments depended on the deft manipulation of shifting and volatile parliamentary coalitions of essentially non-ideological parties in the lower house of parliament.
The upper house or Senate was wholly appointed, dominated by military officers and other government officials.
As prime minister, Prem worked rather fruitfully with civilian technocrats, as Thailand moved into a period of rapid economic growth. But his premiership illustrated that Order 66/2523 was more than a philosophy of counter-insurgency.
It was a philosophy of government, grounded in scepticism about the role of political parties in general — and not just the CPT — in mediating between citizens and the state.
Order 66/2523 and its lasting influence count among the most important legacies of Prem's long life. That legacy remains important for two reasons. One is that the Thai military has continued to play an important political role.
The second is that, unlike during the counter-insurgency era, the top officers in the Thai military today attach little importance to the development of new political visions to suit changing times.
They remain largely reliant on the visions of the past, not least that of Prem and his counter-insurgency advisors.
Last October, the military government led by Prime Minister Prayuth Chan-ocha released a constitutionally-mandated 20-year National Strategy, intended as a blueprint for a secure, prosperous and fully developed Thailand.
While 30 times longer than Order 66/2523, this document also fails to mention parliament. It mentions political parties only once, in the context of the importance of efficient, clean and fair elections and of good governance.
Thailand's 2017 Constitution does not require that the prime minister be an elected member of parliament. It provides for an unelected Senate. It imposes onerous restrictions on the formation and operation of political parties. Its design promotes the emergence of coalition governments comprising numerous middle-sized parties, like those of the Prem era.
From one perspective, the Future Forward Party, with its 81 seats in the 500-member lower house, looks like it fits the bill.
But Mr Thanathorn and his party are now facing a broad legal assault.
He faces sedition charges relating to anti-junta protests in 2015, scrutiny over loans that he made to the party, an investigation concerning the timing of his sale of shares in a media firm, and possible indictment over the use of Facebook to disseminate critical comments about the junta.
A ban from political activity, or even prison, could result. Other members of Future Forward also face legal scrutiny. Observers consider a judicial ruling to dissolve the party almost inevitable.
These circumstances invite comparisons between Mr Thanathorn and former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra, given the history of sustained legal pressure against Thaksin and the political parties that supported him.
The appeal of those parties to a broad segment of Thai citizens challenged the political vision of Order 66/2523.
In channelling citizens' demands, the pro-Thaksin parties mediated between citizen and state in a manner for which that vision did not allow.
The research of political scientists Joel Selway and Allen Hicken into the level of support for Future Forward in Thailand's March elections suggests that its popularity is even greater than its share of seats in parliament indicates.
This electoral performance partly explains the legal assault that the party now confronts. That assault demonstrates the persistence of the political vision of Order 66/2523 and its intolerance for parties that represent more than interchangeable components of parliamentary coalitions.
Of course, the specific ideological content of Future Forward's platform is a further explanatory factor.
In calling, as Selway and Hicken note, for lower spending on Thailand's armed forces and civilian control of the country's military, as well as an end to conscription, the party seeks not only to mediate between army and citizen but in fact to deny the political role for the military that Order 66/2523 takes for granted.
The date of Prem's cremation has not yet been set. The fates of Mr Thanathorn and the Future Forward Party are not yet clear.
It is a reflection of Prem's legacy that the interval leading up to that cremation will coincide with the period in which we wait to learn the fate of Mr Thanathorn and his upstart party.
Michael Montesano is coordinator of the Thailand Studies Programme at Iseas-Yusof Ishak Institute. The co-editor of After the Coup: The National Council for Peace and Order Era and the Future of Thailand (2019), he has observed Thai politics since 1983.
Thailand Prem Tinsulanonda Thanathorn Juangroongruangkit Prayuth Chan-ocha military
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Tag Archives: Rabbit Polyclonal to ME3
Wnt/-catenin can be an important signaling pathways involved in the tumorgenesis,
Wnt/-catenin can be an important signaling pathways involved in the tumorgenesis, progression and maintenance of malignancy stem cells (CSCs). to reduce CSC-mediated tumorigenicity and invasion in liver tumor. luciferase reporter Promega Corporation (Madison, WI, USA) was cotransfected mainly because an internal control. Cell lysates were collected at 24 h post-transfection and the luciferase activity was measured using the Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay system (Promega Corporation) according to the manufacturer's instructions. RNA interference A small interfering RNA (siRNA) sequence specific to -catenin TGX-221 (GeneBank accession no. CTNNB1, NM001904), was purchased from Dharmacon (GE Existence Sciences, Lafayette, CO, USA). siRNA transfection with a final concentration of 200 nm was carried out using Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.) according to the manufacturer's instructions. A scramble TGX-221 siRNA sequence (5-TTCTCCGAACGTGTCACGT-3) was used TGX-221 like a control (Gima Biol Executive Inc., Shanghai, China). The transfected siRNA cells were analyzed following 48 h of transfection. Invasion assay The cellular invasiveness of SP and non-SP cells was investigated using 6-well Matrigel invasion chambers (BD Biosciences). Cells were seeded in DMEM at a denseness of 2105/place. Outer wells were filled with DMEM comprising 5% FBS like a chemoattractant and incubated at 37C for 48 h. Subsequently, the non-invading cells were washed by swabbing the top layer of the Matrigel using a Q-tip. The membrane filled with the invading cells was stained with hematoxylin for 3 min, cleaned and installed on slides. The complete membrane filled with the invading cells was counted utilizing a CX31 light microscope (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) at 40 objective. The beliefs presented within the graph will be the mean worth of three unbiased experiments. American blotting Cell ingredients had been harvested in the SP and non-SP cells using RIPA buffer (Sigma-Aldrich) filled with protease inhibitor cocktail (Roche Diagnostics Deutschland GmbH, Mannheim, Germany) and proteins focus was determined utilizing a Bradford assay (Sigma-Aldrich) (18). Proteins lysates (40 proliferation and clone development performance assays indicated that liver organ cancer tumor SP cells display an enhanced price of proliferation, with a higher potential for TGX-221 producing tumor spheres weighed against non-SP cells (Fig. 3A and B). Additionally, SP cells had been observed to reduce their regular morphological appearance pursuing 5C7 times in lifestyle, SP cells begun to type filamentous buildings, whereas the non-SP cells did not form these constructions (Fig. 3C). The SP cells are able to resist DNA targeting medicines, including 5-FU, gemcitabine, oxaliplatin, Rabbit Polyclonal to ME3 paclitaxel, cisplatin, etoposide and oxaliplatin, as indicated from the improved cell survival rate in SP cells (Fig. 4). Collectively, these data suggest that the presence of a small proportion of SP cells in liver tumor which possess stem cell features may be responsible for chemotherapeutic failure and tumor recurrence. Open in a separate window Number 2 Liver tumor SP cells possess stem cell-like properties. (A) Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis indicated the improved mRNA manifestation of ABC transporter genes and stemness genes in SP cells. Quantification of the data from three self-employed experiments. GAPDH is used like a housekeeping gene. (B) Representative images of staining in SP and non-SP cells. Magnification, 100. Ideals are presented as the mean standard deviation. **P 0.01. SP, side-population; ABC, ATP-binding cassette; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase; ABCG2, ABC subfamily G member 2; MDR1, multidrug resistance protein 1; ABCB5, ABC subfamily B member 5; Oct-4, octamer-binding.
Rabbit Polyclonal to ME3TGX-221


Post Magazine is produced by the South China Morning Post, Hong Kong's premier English language newspaper reporting independent news on Hong Kong, China and Asia since 1903.
Why Pick On Huawei When All Advanced Technologies, Including Those From The US, Carry Security Risks?
US President Donald Trump said on Thursday that it was "unlikely" he would meet with his Chinese counterpart Xi Jinping before a crucial March deadline, a significant change in the prospects for ending a trade war that has roiled the global economy.
Is China About To Abandon Its 'No First Use' Nuclear Weapons Policy?


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People / Richard Anstey
Musician, composer. Richard Anstey was born in Winnipeg, Manitoba in 1946. Raised in a musical family, Anstey began playing alto sax and acoustic bass as a teenager, performing with Arthur Delamont's The Kitsilano Boys' Band and bebop players such as Ron Proby and Dale Hillary. He joined the Al Neil Trio at nineteen. The Al Neil Trio featured Al Neil on piano, Gregg Simpson on drums, and Anstey on bass. The Al Neil Trio practiced and performed in Simpson's small rented storefront, referred to as the Sound Gallery. An active, participatory art scene grew up around the Al Neil Trio's performances, including projections by Sam Perry and dance performances by Helen Goodwin's dance troupe, WECO. These activities continued at the Motion Studio, the later iteration of the Sound Gallery. In addition to the Al Neil Trio, Anstey was a member of the New Dimension Jazz Trio, the West Coast Music Ensemble, Jazz Probe, the New Atlantis House Band, the Sunship Ensemble, and The Ring. Anstey also wrote music for film and television and established the music label, Blue Note Records. He passed away in 2004.
01. Chums
02. Water Babies
03. Laughing
04. Rock Drill (For Antoine Pevsner)
05. Space Object Box (For Joseph Cornell)
06. Voices Breathing
07. Auld Lang Syne (excerpt)
08. Standing Still Untitled Improvisation
09. Love Loka
10. Money Lenders
11. Blue Voodoo Glue
12. Dog Space
101. breath box
102. Watt's Flower
103. U8
104. Convergence (The Bridge)


Pete has to be one of chiropractic's biggest fans. I cannot tell you how many times he has told me about conversations and interactions he has had with friends, co-workers, and complete strangers about the benefits of chiropractic. And the conversation usually goes something like this, "We just went to our chiropractor to get our weekly adjustment. The whole family goes including Abby and Ryan (his grandchildren). Yeah, they have been getting adjustments since the day they were born." At this point most people are amazed that Pete's grandkids have been adjusted since day one. Some are open to the idea and others are incredulous, thinking that it must be bad for an infant to get adjusted. So I would like to take this moment to say thank you to Pete and to Grandmother Carol, grandfather Bob, Grandmother Irene, not to mention Abby and Ryan. And then special thanks goes to Lori and Bobby, the parents who have trusted me to take care of their kids since the day they were born, 8/31/04 and 3/21/07. And one more thanks to every parent who has trusted me with their most precious possession, their children. You have no idea how honored I am to be part of your life.
To safely adjust an infant requires both extra training above and beyond normal chiropractic college, as well as lots of experience. I have both. I have been trained by four of the best pediatric chiropractors through the International Chiropractors Association Council on Pediatrics as well as an organization called the Peter Pan Potential. My real interest in children began with repeated ear infections suffered by my daughter while I was in school, and then my son 5 years later. And it was my son that was really my first real pediatric patient with a nasty left ear infection. Although results are not always as dramatic, can you imagine my shock and pleasure at seeing his infection clear up the next morning after just one adjustment? And ear infections are just the beginning of why kids need chiropractic care too.
It seems far preferable to clear up spinal damage (subluxation) as soon as possible rather than letting it stay and fester in the infant/child spine, only to grow and become a bigger and bigger problem as he/she grows. That's like letting a boil just grow and fester and never do anything about it. We would never allow that to happen to our kids. So if it makes sense that spinal injury (subluxation) can occur during the birth process, or during the thousands of falls that we take while learning to walk, to ride, to climb, to skate, to slide, to hang, to jump, to swing, and so on, then doesn't it too make sense to fix it as soon as possible? Of course it does.
Remember, the biggest study of its kind of over 1000 infants showed that the most common consequence of subluxation in the young child is that they get ear, nose, and throat infections more easily. If you have kids, has he or she ever had an ear, nose, or throat infection? Well, to the best of my knowledge, Abby and Ryan haven't and they are 8 and 5 this year. Hmm.
As you finish reading this my hope is that if you have kids that you are thinking about the possibilities. If so, get a copy of our Children's Policy available in the reception room. In general, kids are where I give back so care is often at little or no charge. And remember, they may be smaller than you and I but they are a lot more active. And kids got spines too.


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"I will heal them and reveal to them abundance of prosperity and security." Jeremiah 33:6b
Special Calendar Dates
March 22 is World Water Day
April 7 is World Health Day
November 19 is World Toilet Day
December 1 is World AIDS Day
2021 Global Health Week – August 23-27
An illness is one of the greatest threats to families with limited income. Whether it is a devastating diagnosis of cancer or something as common as a broken bone or infected scrape, medical problems are a misfortune that few families in developing countries can afford. Sickness not only means expensive medications and doctor's bills, but also a loss of wages. This can cause the failure of a small family business, an inability to harvest crops, or the necessity of taking a child out of school.
Many times, an illness is caused by inadequate sanitation or polluted water. Over 1 billion people in the world lack sustainable access to fresh water and 2.5 billion do not have adequate sanitation. Access to adequate sanitation is more than a basic development issue. It is a human rights issue and a global health issue. Safe, secure and private sanitation is fundamental to ending violence against women and girls.
Resources on Global Health
Global Ministries COVID-19 Updates and Resources
Global Ministries Projects Promoting Health
Global Ministries Water Projects
Global Ministries Resources on Water and Sanitation
EPES celebrates its 40th Anniversary between Memory and Thanksgiving
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Youth Group will be taking a break from their normal events with an ongoing summer Missional Entrepreneurial Endeavor, "missional" or going out of the building to help someone else.
The first gathering for Youth Group of Greater Scottsville (YGGS) is Sunday, September 11th. YGGS is for anyone in middle or high school.
Contact Diane Hoener at dianesteinhoener@gmail.com for more information about the Youth Group.


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EA Teases Four New Games for Early 2023, New Remake and Major IP Included
Other two games planned for Q4 FY 2022 include a partner title, and a sports title.
By Sourabh Kulesh | Updated: 11 May 2022 15:27 IST
Photo Credit: Electronic Arts
EA will launch F1 22 in Q1 FY 2022
EA says all the games are unannounced as yet
FIFA, Need for Speed will be launched in Q2 and Q3
EA and FIFA ended their partnership
Electronic Arts (EA) has teased four new games that it is planning to launch in the fourth quarter of financial year 2022 (Q4 FY 2022), as per its latest quarterly earnings report. That means all four titles will be available in early 2023. These games include a "major IP", a partner title, a remake, and a sports title. The video game publisher also revealed that it will launch F1 22, FIFA, Madden NFL, Need For Speed, and NHL this year. The news comes as EA announced it is parting ways with world football governing body FIFA, ending their near three-decade partnership to make FIFA games.
IGN was among the first to report that EA gave its investors a sneak peek at what they have in mind for 2023. At the publisher's quarterly earnings report, it was revealed that EA is planning to launch four games in the Q4 FY 2022, which runs from January 1, 2023 to March 31, 2023. Furthermore, IGN cites a footnote which says all four games have not yet been publicly disclosed.
The report rules out the remake of Dead Space because Dead Space was announced last year. For the "major IP", EA might be referring to the next Dragon Age or Mass Effect game because there has not been any official announcement on them. The IGN report also mentions "New Studios" in the Seattle area that are working on an "unannounced open world action adventure game," which fits the "unannounced major IP" description.
As far as the rest of the games are concerned, the sports game could be EA Sports College Football. There is no solid information available on the fourth game which fits EA's "partner title" description.
What's known for now is that EA will launch F1 22 in Q1 FY 2022, FIFA 23 and Madden NFL 23 in Q2 FY 2022, the next Need for Speed and NHL 23 in Q3 FY 2022, and the PGA Tour revival in Q4 FY 2022, along with four unannounced titles.
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On Tuesday, EA also announced that its partnership with FIFA has ended and FIFA 23 will be the last FIFA-branded video game from EA Sports. The football game will be called EA Sports FC from next year.
What are the best games of 2021? We discuss this on Orbital, the Gadgets 360 podcast. Orbital is available on Spotify, Gaana, JioSaavn, Google Podcasts, Apple Podcasts, Amazon Music and wherever you get your podcasts.
Further reading: Electronic Arts, EA, F1 22, FIFA, Madden NFL, Need For Speed, NHL, PGA Tour
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FIFA 23 Review: Barely Even Trying
25 हजार में बुक करें सिंगल चार्ज में 320 किलोमीटर चलने वाली Citroen eC3, सिंगल चार्ज में पहुंचेगी दिल्ली से जयपुर! Tata Tiago EV को देगी टक्कर


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v. To Babism and the Bahai faith
The Bahai faith was adopted by tens of thousands of people in late 19th-century Persia. These conversions probably began on a small scale some time between 1280/1864 and 1283/1866. In 1279/1863 the prominent Babi Bahāʾ-Allāh, while in exile in Baghdad, had declared himself to a very small group of close disciples and relatives as the messianic figure (man yoẓheroho ʾllāh) whose advent had been predicted by Sayyed ʿAlī-Moḥammad Šīrāzī, the Bāb. Bahāʾ-Allāh subsequently encountered opposition from his younger half-brother Ṣobḥ-e Azal (see azali babism), whom many Babis had accepted as the leader of the community. In many of his writings, issued from exile in Edirne in the late 1860s, Bahāʾ-Allāh used Babi texts to prove his own claims, and the first major audience he addressed in his new role of prophet appears to have consisted of Babis in Persia who were dissatisfied with Ṣobḥ-e Azal's rather secretive leadership. Typical of Bahāʾ-Allāh's works in these years is the letter Sūrat al-aṣḥāb (Surah of the companions), which contains mystical imagery, ethical exhortations, and instructions on how to proselytize and evokes symbols concerning the end of time. Many such letters were disseminated throughout Persia by couriers drawn from the ranks of Bahāʾ-Allāh's close friends and followers, like Moḥammad "Nabīl" Zarandī and Najaf-ʿAlī Zanjānī, who was executed by Persian authorities around 1284/1867 (for Bahāʾ-Allāh's works from his Edirne period, see 1348 Š./1969, IV, esp. "Sūrat al-aṣḥāb," pp. 205-39).
Examination of developments in the community in Shiraz, the home of the Bāb, affords a glimpse of the shift among Babis to Bahāʾ-Allāh. The Bāb's own relatives, except for one nephew who converted under the influence of the Bāb's widow, Ḵadīja Begom, in the 1850s, had remained Shiʿite Muslims. In 1278/1862 a maternal uncle, Sayyed Moḥammad Šīrāzī, visited Bahāʾ-Allāh during a trip to the Shiite shrines in Najaf and Karbalāʾ. In answer to his questions about Babism Bahāʾ-Allāh wrote Ketāb-e īqān (Book of certitude), which prompted Sayyed Moḥammad to convert to Babism. Gradually other members of the Bāb's family in Shiraz became Babis. As they constituted a prominent merchant clan, operating a trading empire that eventually extended from the interior of Persia throughout the Persian Gulf and as far as India and China, these relatives, the Afnān, played an influential role in spreading the new religion.
Not long after Bahāʾ-Allāh moved to Edirne he sent Nabīl to Persia on a missionary journey. Nabīl stopped at Shiraz, where he convened a meeting of the Babis, including the Afnān, and publicly burned Ṣobḥ-e Azal's writings, declaring those of the Bāb and Bahāʾ-Allāh alone to have the status of scripture. Prominent members of the Afnān were for a time troubled by this development but finally decided in favor of Bahāʾ-Allāh, who had been responsible for their conversion and with whom they had stronger ties. Nabīl went to Isfahan and then traveled to Khorasan, where he repeated his performance. The Afnān who adopted the Bahai faith were supported by a preacher from Yazd, Moḥammad-Ebrāhīm Yazdī, who also converted fifty or sixty members of a clan of Kāzerūnī tailors in Shiraz. Their presence added a certain boisterousness to Bahai meetings, to which the Afnān were unaccustomed (Afnān, pp. 168-83).
From early Bahai manuscripts it appears that sayyed (claiming descent from the Prophet Moḥammad) merchants played an extremely important leadership role in bringing the Babis into the Bahai faith. Aside from the Afnān, the Nahrī family of Isfahan, wealthy merchants of sayyed background who had adopted Babism in the 1840s, emerged in the 1870s as mainstays of the Bahai community in Isfahan. Two Nahrī merchants were martyred on the orders of a leading mojtahed in 1297/1880 (Samandar, pp. 179-80; Ešrāq-e Ḵāvarī). Another important family was the Bāqerāf (Baqerov) of the Sādāt-e Ḵamsa clan of Rašt, merchants with large property holdings and sayyed lineage who enjoyed international trading contacts (ʿAmīd-al-Aṭebbāʾ, passim). The Afnān and the Nahrīs probably originally adopted Babism out of genuine conviction, but later membership in Babi and subsequently in cosmopolitan Bahai society became an ideological expression of their elite status as sayyeds and of their independence from the government and the Shiʿite clerical establishment. Most Babis and Bahais were not themselves sayyeds or merchants but came from families of urban artisans and shopkeepers, yet it was the sayyed merchants who most often emerged as community leaders, having ties of patronage with the petty-bourgeois and working-class Bahais, in addition to the common religion.
In the late 1860s and early 1870s Bahāʾ-Allāh wrote a number of works, some of them in the form of letters to the kings and leaders of the world, stressing his principles: the need for a world government, a single world language, religious tolerance, abandonment of nationalist chauvinism, and diversion of military budgets to relief for the poor. His program attracted converts from outside Babism. For instance, former Shiʿite clergymen like Mīrzā Abu'l-Fażl Golpāyagānī or Nabīl-e Akbar Qāʾenī (Samandar, pp. 15-57) adopted the Bahai faith, which, unlike Babism, had a strong rationalist emphasis. These learned individuals in turn often became itinerant missionaries and preachers, employing their clerical skills and networks to spread Bahaism among Shiʿites. Golpāyagānī, for instance, undertook missionary journeys from Tehran to Isfahan, Kāšān, and Hamadān in the 1880s, then outside Persia to Ashkhabad and Samarkand, and finally to Egypt and the United States. Itinerant Bahai preachers became known as moballeḡīn, missionaries of the faith, and provided a different sort of leadership from that of the more sedentary urban elites. Converts to Bahaism from the Shiʿite middle strata joined the tens of thousands of Babi converts, attracted not only by Bahāʾ-Allāh's religious charisma but also by his reformist principles. In the 1880s Bahais in Persian cities began to establish consultative councils (maḥāfel-e šūr), as mandated in Bahai law. The first such council was formed secretly among prominent Bahais in Tehran around 1295/1878. It subsequently sent missionaries throughout Persia to spread the faith in an organized manner and to encourage a greater degree of organization among already existing Bahai communities, as well as adherence to Bahāʾ-Allāh's new book of laws, the Aqdas. Mīrzā Asad-Allāh Eṣfahānī, for instance, traveled widely in Khorasan, Māzandarān, Yazd, Fārs, and Kāšān on behalf of the Tehran council. The spread of the new faith met with violent opposition from the state and from the Shiʿite ʿolamāʾ, who sometimes succeeded in having prominent Bahais executed. But by creating martyrs, particularly in a culture that so celebrated the courage and spiritual power of martyrs, they appear only to have made the religion more attractive to some sections of the public (Meḥrābḵᵛānī, 1980? 1981?).
The openness and cosmopolitan attitude of many Bahai merchants and missionaries enabled them to make contact with and to achieve conversions among non-Muslim minorities in Persia, particularly Zoroastrians and Jews. Zoroastrian conversions began in Yazd in the mid-1880s, and Bahais of Zoroastrian background made significant contributions to the new religion. All the Zoroastrians of Qazvīn appear to have become Bahais. Bahāʾ-Allāh, unlike most Shiʿite Persians, acknowledged the validity of Zoroastrianism, placing Zoroaster in the line of true prophets that included the biblical and koranic figures. He traced his own lineage to the Sasanian ruling family, and he wrote to Zoroastrians in pure Persian, without the admixture of Arabic words. He considered himself the messianic figure promised in all the great religions, including the Zoroastrian Shah Bahrām. Such prominent Zoroastrians as Mollā Bahrām Aḵtar-e Ḵāvarī, Kay-Ḵosrow Ḵodādād, and Sīāvoš Safīdvaš embraced the Bahai faith, and Zoroastrian merchants, professionals, and prosperous farmers were among the first to adopt it; they led some peasants and artisans into the new faith, as well. For most of these people, however, conversion meant entering an enlightened club; they did not immediately forsake their own communal activities and rituals, and only slowly in the course of the 20th century did Bahais of Zoroastrian background come to make their primary identification with the Bahai faith.
Conversions of Jews to the Bahai faith began in the late 1880s, primarily in southwestern Persia, but they have not been as well studied as conversions among Zoroastrians (see iv, above). Significant conversions of Jews in Hamadān appear to have continued into the 1930s, but Persian Jews seldom adopted the Bahai faith after the state of Israel was established in 1948, an event that engendered pride in their ethnic ancestry. Peter Smith (1987, pp. 86-99, esp. p. 95) suggests that for minorities Bahaism functioned as an ideology of modernization, providing an alternative to rigid traditionalism that allowed them to continue to affirm the value of their ancestral religions while entering a cosmopolitan and pan-Persian society (cf. Fischel; Smith, 1984; Stiles, 1983b; idem, 1984).
Conversion to the Bahai faith in Persia was largely a 19th-century phenomenon. Although some Persians converted in the 20th century, joint government and clerical persecution of the faith succeeded in marginalizing it and slowing its growth. Indeed, Smith estimates that, although the total number of Persian Bahais grew from 100,000 to 300,000 between 1317/1900 and 1404 = 1363 Š./1984, their proportion of the Persian population actually declined, to less than 1 percent. This decline may be accounted for partly by Bahai fertility rates lower than those of Shiʿite Muslims, but it nevertheless suggests that relatively few new conversions were occurring (Smith, 1984).
Sources. The Balyuzi Library, London, contains numerous manuscripts treating the period of conversions in Persia. Relevant material can also be found in such biographical dictionaries as those of Kāẓem Samandar and ʿAzīz-Allāh Solaymānī. Some histories and biographies have been summarized by H. M. Balyuzi and Adib Taherzadeh. Material bearing on conversions in general and those from Judaism and Zoroastrianism in particular is included in the work of Mīrzā Abu'l-Fażl Golpāyagānī. The major academic study of the issue has been carried out by Susan Stiles. For Jewish conversions, see the work of Walter Fischel.
Mīrzā Ḥabīb-Allāh Afnān, Tārīḵ-e amrī-e Šīrāz, Afnān Library, London, ms. Mīrzā Yaḥyā ʿAmīd-al-Aṭebbāʾ Hamadānī, Wāqeʿāt-e goḏašta-ye amrīya-ye Rašt, 1307-1345, Afnān Library, London, ms. Anonymous, Woqūʿāt-e tārīḵīya . . . bar aḥebbā-ye elāhī dar Ābāda, Afnān Library, London, ms. Bahāʾ-Allāh, Āṯār-e qalam-e aʿlā IV, Tehran, 125 = 1348 Š./1969.
H. M. Balyuzi, Eminent Bahāʾīs in the Time of Bahāʾuʾllāh, Oxford, 1985.
ʿA. Ešrāq-e Ḵāvarī, Nūrayn-e nayyerayn, Tehran, 123 = 1346 Š./1967.
W. J. Fischel, "The Bahai Movement and Persian Jewry," The Jewish Review 7, 1934, pp. 47-55.
Mīrzā Abu'l-Fażl Golpāyagānī, Rasāʾel wa raqāʾem, Tehran, 1357 Š./1978; partial tr. J. Cole, Letters and Essays 1886-1913, Los Angeles, 1985.
R. Meḥrābḵᵛānī, "Maḥāfel-e šūr dar ʿahd-e jamāl-e aqdas-e Abhā," Payām-e bahāʾī 28, 1980? pp. 9-11; 29, 1981? pp. 8-9.
Ḥ.-ʿA. Oskūʾī, Tārīḵ-e amrīya-ye Āḏarbāyjān, Afnān Library, London, ms. K. Samandar, Tārīḵ-e Samandar wa molḥaqāt, Tehran, 131 = 1353 Š./1974.
P. Smith, "A Note on Babi and Baha'i Numbers in Iran," Iranian Studies 15/2-3, 1984, pp. 295-301.
Idem, The Babi and Baha'i Religions, Cambridge, 1987.
ʿA. Solaymānī, Masābīḥ-e hedāyat, 9 vols., Tehran, 106-121 = 1328-43 Š./1949-64.
S. Stiles, "The Conversion of Religious Minorities to the Bahá'í Faith in Iran. Some Preliminary Considerations," paper presented at Los Angeles Bahá'í History Conference, University of California, Los Angeles, 1983a.
Idem, Zoroastrian Conversions to the Bahá'í Faith in Yazd, Iran, M.A. thesis, University of Arizona, Tucson, 1983b.
Idem, "Early Zoroastrian Conversions to the Bahá'í Faith in Yazd, Iran," in J. Cole and M. Momen, eds., From Iran East and West. Studies in Bábí and Bahá'í History II, Los Angeles, 1984, pp. 67-94.
A. Taherzadeh, The Revelation of Bahāʾuʾllāh, 4 vols., Oxford, 1974-86.
The author is grateful to M. Amanat for permission to consult his unpublished paper on Jewish conversions
(Juan R. I. Cole)
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Indigenous production of biologicals can treatments affordable: Dr Mandaviya11 mins ago
Columbia Asia receives $101m investment from Mitsui & Co
In India, Columbia Asia's hospitals are spread across Bengaluru, Ahmedabad, Kolkata, Ghaziabad, Gurugram, Pune, Mysore among other places.
Updated: July 28, 2016, 08:56 IST
Bengaluru - Columbia Asia announced today that it is receiving $101 million in investment from Mitsui & Co., Ltd., one of the world's largest and most respected trading companies.
Columbia Asia, part of Seattle-based Columbia Pacific Management, has 27 hospitals and one clinic in India, Malaysia, Vietnam and Indonesia, built with an innovative business model focused on serving Asia's rapidly growing middle class with modern and efficient multispecialty hospitals located close to where patients live and work.
Tokyo-based Mitsui & Co., Ltd, already a major healthcare investor in Asia, said it saw tremendous growth potential in the Columbia Asia platform, which is the only healthcare provider in Asia to operate hospitals in so many countries under a single brand, and one of the few large, multinational providers in Asia to build the vast majority of its hospitals itself.
Columbia Asia will use the proceeds from the Mitsui investment to continue to expand its network of hospitals across Asia, including several current development projects. In addition, the company will open its first facility in Africa next month, a multispecialty clinic in Nairobi, Kenya under a new brand, Columbia Africa.
Since opening its first hospital in Malaysia in 1996, Columbia Asia has focused on providing high-quality, affordable, standardized care in hospitals built on a single design.
The company currently has 10,000 employees serving more than 2.5 million patients a year, with 2,200 beds across 27 hospitals and one clinic.
As part of its investment, Mitsui will gain two seats on the Columbia Asia Board of Directors and play a role in company operations.
Mitsui is also using the investment to expand its hospitals business as the core of its healthcare strategy and will look to form partnerships between Columbia Asia and some of the other healthcare companies in which Mitsui is an investor. These include IHH Healthcare Berhad, the largest healthcare company in Asia; MIMS Group, which provides drug information to about 2 million healthcare professionals in Asia-Oceania; and DaVita Care Pte. Ltd., the Asian operating company for the largest dialysis operator in the U.S.
Mitsui & Co
koji nagatomi
high-quality hospitals
Columbia Asia
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