text:
Dear Reader ...
10:47 PM Chaviva Gordon-Bennett
This is now an archive. There is no commenting, no responding, nothing on this end of things. If you have a question about something, feel free to email me.
Otherwise, be sure to find me on www.kvetchingeditor.com where, honestly, who knows what I'm blogging about these days.
I just had to stop this blog cycle. It became to vicious, hurtful, and I've hidden the comments so that those who felt it necessary to speak lashon hara will not have it come back to bite them in the tuches.
Because, well, I'm a good person like that.
11:55 AM Chaviva Gordon-Bennett
At the request of Orthodox converts and Orthodox Jews everywhere, I'm putting the kabosh on my blog. Clearly, I'm hurting everyone everywhere, without intending to. I'm sorry to all who I have harmed in the production of this blog, and after nearly six years of blogging, this site will serve as an archive.
Of course, if I end up back on the "derech" that Orthodox Jews expect, maybe I'll start blogging agin, but who knows.
This blog has always served as my therapy, as a way to express my thoughts, emotions, and journey to Judaism. I never thought that I would become a "beacon" for Orthodox converts, nor did I think that I would come to loathe denominationalism so much for driving a wedge between who I am and how people view me.
If you have questions about conversion, you might want to direct them to someone who is "on the derech" since I'm a pariah at this point. If you still feel compelled to email me, you've been warned.
To everyone who has supported me -- thank you, eternally.
Ask Chaviva Anything!: Did Divorce Hurt?
It looks like I'm back in the swing of finally answering so many questions that people have asked. This one was asked in late December. If you have something to ask -- no holds barred (although, really, it doesn't mean I'm going to answer it if I find it inappropriate) -- just click here.
I know this questions thing is a bit old -- but I hope you can still answer. I know your divorce was amicable, but does it hurt you at all that your ex-husband has moved on so quickly? I'm thinking such a short time for a person to move on is a bit strange.
My opinion? It is strange. My ex met his now wife about two weeks after our get (religious divorce) was finalized, and they were engaged a few months later. They recently got married, and I wish them all the mazal and happiness in the world. But yes, I find it quite bizarre. To get married five months after a religious divorce and two weeks after a civil divorce seems, well, fast. Really fast.
Ultimately, I think it comes down to how we choose to cope with major events in our lives. Having lived in Teaneck in the community that we lived in, I know that there is a pressure to fit the mold of being married, considering kids, toying with buying a house and so on. If I had stayed in the area, I probably would have done the same thing.
But I coped by getting out, starting fresh, and figuring out what kind of life I wanted for myself, outside the mold of the expected. A lot of people think I've gone off the deep end by not officially affiliating as "Orthodox" per se (although, let's be honest, it's the closest thing denominationally to what I am, but my dating a non-Jew more or less shoves me out of that camp even though we all know a million people on the Upper West Side have done it, are doing it, or are not concerned with shomer negiah). Would they think the same if I was a divorced born-Jew? Who knows.
Does it hurt? Of course it hurts. When we divorced, I lost the only Jewish family I had ever known -- and let me tell you, that family was the most amazing family a girl could ask for. I lost two bubbes, in-laws who had a pride in me that shone so brightly, tons of cousins (who, thankfully, still talk to me), and so much more. That was the big hurt, losing family. I was so entrenched in their lives, their histories, their genealogies. Hearing my former father-in-law tell me he was proud of me was something that I cannot even put into words. Losing that destroyed me. And when I think about the divorce now, it's the thing that hurts the most.
Wait, I'm lying. Well, half-lying. The thing that ultimately hurt the most was feeling replaceable. My ex found his new wife within a few weeks of our get, within a few weeks of me asking for the darn thing. After all, I asked for the divorce and a week later we were at the beth din making it happen. Knowing that the empty space of "wife" could be filled so quickly is something that continues to damage me. Rejection is hard, and between September and November of 2011, I was rejected by several people who I had given so much to. That rejection tore a piece of the fabric of me, and it has yet to be restitched.
More of an answer than you bargained for? It's been hard to not write about the divorce. I've gone through all the stages of grief and then back again. Knowing what I suffered while in the relationship -- mentally and emotionally -- and then knowing that everything started over so quickly for my ex-husband made me wonder if I was living in some imaginary dream world for the 16 months we were married. It's a fog to me now, and I'm lifting the fog slowly but surely. Thankfully, I have amazing friends here in Denver like @melschol and back East like @heysuburban and, of course, Taylor, to remind me that I'm not replaceable.
The upside is that I've never felt like a failure in marriage. I just made a few stupid mistakes of trusting, revealing, and believing that I won't make again unless it's with the right person at the right time.
Labels: divorce, jewish divorce
Ask Chaviva Anything!: Conversion, Divorce, and Observance
It's been quite some time since I did an installment of Ask Chaviva Anything! so I thought I would take a bit of time and hammer one out. These questions all came from the same person back in November, so I hope they're still reading and will be pleased that I'm FINALLY answering their questions! If you have questions for me, feel free to ask away.
Some of these will be heavy. Are you ready?
I'm curious to hear your self-observations on your religious practice (1) Before you were married, (2) while engaged, (3) while married, and (4) while divorced. Did you find yourself more strict in certain areas at different phases, less strict?
This is a most excellent question. How to answer? I can say without flinching that my religious practice before I was married was much more "full" if that makes sense. My observance was about me, and me alone. When I got engaged, I was able to begin looking at other observances that I was to be taking on come marriage time. While married, I began to feel a little lost. Living in Teaneck, NJ, my religious practice became more rote because it was easy to be Jewish. You didn't have to think about practice or observance; everyone just did the same things, ate at the same places, went to the same synagogue. I think that while I was married I regressed a lot in the sincerity of my observance. Now that I'm divorced, I'm in a place of reexamining my religious practice. As a result, you might say I'm "less strict" than I was while married or even engaged, but I think that is probably a natural progression for many when divorce comes. Either that, or you throw yourself into strict observance to fill the void. But right now, I'm in a comfortable place.
Could you walk us through the thought process you had when choosing to leave the NY/NJ area as a new single with hopes of remarrying?
Well, for starters, I didn't have hopes of remarrying, and to be honest I still don't. Leaving NY/NJ was a simple choice. I needed to be someplace where I could clear my head and start fresh on a life that was all my own. This wasn't the first time I've done this. I picked up and moved to Chicago once on a whim, and did sort of the same thing when I quit Chicago and headed for Connecticut. I'm a move-on, start-over kind of person. It's just how I function.
That first month after the religious divorce -- the get -- I was in a head-spinning place of "Meet someone super religious right now and get married to them right now." Luckily, I got out of that headspace. My ex-husband went that route, whereas I went a different route. I reevaluated my family background, my religious headspace, my wants and needs, and at the current juncture, I have no desire to get married or have kids. There are a lot of reasons for this that I haven't discussed on the blog (shocking, I know), but it's a decision with which I've definitely made peace.
What systems of support do you wish existed for the potential convert, convert engaged with a beis din, and the convert post facto (a Jew)?
The essential system of support should simply be whatever community the convert -- at any stage -- lives in. There shouldn't be a need for some kind of special community or foundation to support the convert, but that's an unfortunate reality and it is why there are organizations devoted to assisting converts in Israel. So I run my Conversion Conversation Group on Facebook for individuals at all stages of the process, and I've found that just having a safe space away from the eyes of rabbis and the prying community has helped so many feel comfortable.
If you could pick one time period of Jewish history in which you could witness (i.e., live through it) what historical period/events would it be?
Without a doubt the Middle Ages. It was such a tumultuous and inspiring time to be a Jew, I think. I would have loved to meet Ovadiah ha'Ger, Maimonides, and the like. There was so much movement between Europe and North Africa, and I think that experiencing Egypt during this time would be quite beautiful. On the same note, I would have loved to float around Europe at this time!
What mitzvos do you feel most connected to? The least?
Without a doubt, I feel deeply connected to prayer -- simple things like the Shema and Modah Ani. They keep me on a cycle of waking and sleeping, living and dying. I also feel deeply committed to kashrut, the true roots of kashrut and what it means to understand food and consumption. On that note, I'm also connected very much to tzniut, in all of its forms, but especially in speech. As for those I'm least connected to, that's a good question. I suppose taharat ha'mishpacha (family purity), largely because the span of my marriage that I observed it, it was a dismal experience. Mikvah in that realm, too, held little comfort for me. That being said, when I observed mikvah for conversion, it was an incredibly powerful experience.
Also: I think that living in -- or at least regularly experiencing -- Israel is a huge mitzvah. That's probably the one I feel most connected to overall!
How connected to your "old life" do you feel? Meaning how has your mentality changed since becoming more observant/converting in terms of world view, politics, priorities?
The truth is, I don't think that I've changed much, outside of feeling more worldly and interested in how the world functions and how it understands religion, peoplehood, race, ethnicity, and identity. Converting to Judaism and becoming more observant has taught me that our (the Jews) greatest enemy is ourselves. I find it constantly troubling how Jews are willing to join forces to fight outsiders but insist on continuing to judge and break down one another. (A great example: Reform Jews recently spoke out in support of Beren Academy when they were told that their basketball game couldn't be rescheduled. How is that relationship the rest of the year?)
I think, if anything, that I've simply come to be who I always was: curious and searching, believing with a sound mind and full heart that there is one G-d and that our actions in this life are what matter the most. Those are values and a mentality that I have held since I was a child, and those are the things that led my neshama to really thrust itself into the spotlight and led me to realize my Jewish self.
Labels: Ask Chaviva Anything, conversion, divorce, observance, orthodox conversion, prayer
Beans, Beans, Esther's Favorite Treat!
A little over two years ago, I wrote about a bizarre situation in which it seemed as though HaShem was listening to my every thought and providing answers and meaning without fail. It was freaky.
I have little moments like this every now and again, but it's happened again and I can't help but share it with you all. It makes me feel at ease to know that HaShem will provide.
Last Saturday night, Taylor and I were at Target shopping for my Mishloach Manot goodies. I originally had had a plan about doing something according to Caffeine Dreams, but it just wasn't flying. Then, I thought what about something about being a kid again, but that also didn't fly. And then, I got this urge to do something with beans. I didn't know why, but I suddenly had an array of bean-themed items at the ready in my cart. I kept trying to come up with some creative wordplay -- "It's BEAN a rough time for the Jews!" but it just wasn't floating. I've spent the past week trying to figure out how to make it work, without luck (and that goes the same for my gluten-free hamantaschen adventures).
Then, earlier today, I was floating around MyJewishLearning.com taking a Purim Quiz when I saw something that caught my eye: Chickpeas for Purim.
Then I read on and learned the following:
According to tradition, while Queen Esther lived in the court of King Achashverosh, she followed a vegetarian diet consisting largely of beans and peas so that she would not break the laws of kashrut (dietary laws). For this reason it is customary to eat beans and peas on Purim.
No. Way. Seriously? Beans on Purim? It's bashert!
It's little happy moments like this that remind me how close my relationship with my Judaism is. How sometimes everything is threaded together without us even knowing it.
And now I bet you wonder what's going to be in my Mishloach Manot, right? Well, as soon as I hand them out, believe me, I'll let you know. Until then ...
Learn to Eat Like Esther on Purim!
EDIT: Sources for this minhag are ... Targum Esther 2:7and Midrash Panim Aherim 63 and 64 (the Talmud, Megilla 13a, also mentions that Esther only ate permitted food, and one could deduce that that would necessitate a vegetarian diet).
Labels: book of esther, esther, megillat esther, purim, vegetarian
Pledging Jewish Allegiance: Part II
You can read the first part of this multi-part look at Pledges of Jewish Allegiance and responsa about conversion in the Nineteenth and Twentieth centuries here.
I think -- and this is me, of course -- that when it comes to conversion to Judaism, the concern of the rabbis and the born-Jewish community is one of honesty, sincerity, and dilution of the Jewish people. Oddly enough, in Pledges of Jewish Allegiance, a "warning" narrative is mentioned to show just what can happen when you don't welcome the convert with open arms. The source is an aggadic one, which means that it's not legal but rather a narrative from which we can learn something, and it comes from the Tractate Sanhedrin.
What is the purpose of [writing in the Torah], "And Lotan's sister was Timna"? -- Timna was a royal princess, as it is written, aluf Lotan, aluf Timna; and by aluf, an uncrowned ruler is meant. Desiring to become a proselyte, Timna went to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, but they did not accept her. So she went and became a concubine to Eliphaz, the son of Esau, saying, "I had rather be a servant to this people than a mistress of another nation." From her, Amalek was descended who afflicted Israel. Why so? -- Because they should not have repulsed her. (29)
The passage doesn't state why Timna should have been accepted, but it does suggest that "when people are turned away, the implications for Jewish security in the future can be very problematic." Hell hath no fury like a potential convert scorned?
Maimonides, writing in the late Twelfth Century, discusses the idea mentioned in the last blog post of intention at length when detailing how to handle a potential convert.
The appropriate way to perform the commandment [of conversion] is that when the convert comes to convert, we investigate him lest [he be converting] for money that he will receive, or for some position of authority that will come his way, or whether it is because of fear that he wishes to enter the religion. If he is a man, we investigate whether he has cast his eye on a Jewish woman; and if she is a woman, we investigate whether she has cast her eye on a Jewish man. If no inappropriate motivation is discovered, we inform him of the magnitude of the weight of the yoke of Torah and of the tremendous efforts required from Gentiles to perform [its commandments]. If they accept and did not change their minds and we see that they have returned out of love, we accept them. (30-31)
The new and interesting thing about this is that it suggests that the court be compelled to investigate, not that the court simply turn someone away because their motives might be suspect. You will notice, oddly enough, that in this bit from the Mishneh Torah Maimonides says absolutely nothing about acceptance of the mitzvoth (commandments). After all, the text merely says that the potential convert is "informed" of the weight of the yoke of Torah -- not that he or she must accept it or be fully educated on it prior to conversion. In later responsim, rabbis will use these ambiguities to support their own points.
And then, of course, there's this, which comes later from Maimonides, is a big deal, and I think that this should inform how we view conversion today.
A convert whom they did not investigate or to whom they did not make known the commandments and the punishments [for not fulfilling them] but who was circumcised and immersed in front of three judges is a convert. Even if it subsequently becomes known that he converted for some ulterior motive, once he has been circumcised and immersed, he has been removed from the status of Gentile, and he remains suspect until his righteousness can be verified. Even if he returns to Gentile worship, he remains in the category of a Jewish apostate whose marriage is a valid marriage. (32)
BAM! This very passage from the Mishneh Torah, says volumes about the convert -- volumes that many modern rabbis seem to ignore when they think that they can revoke a conversion. Even in the Beit Yosef, Rabbi Karo follows Maimonides' claim that all conversions are valid, regardless of whether the courts have investigated and that it is "obvious" that failure to accept the commandments does not render the conversion invalid after the fact (36). It also must be mentioned that both Maimonides and Karo agreed that every case with conversion is different, unique, and specific to the time and place and that every court must handle the case accordingly. In essence, there is no simple way to hold every potential convert to the same process and same procedures.
In just about everything that Maimonides says regarding the convert, it is clear that he values and respects the position of he or she who joins the fold. In a query from Ovadiah ha'Ger as to whether he should amend the liturgy and avoid phrases like "God and God of our fathers," given his status as a convert, Maimonides had this to say:
You should recite everything as it is, and do not change anything. Rather, you should pray as every Jewish citizen does, whether alone or in public. The critical point is that it was Abraham our Father who taught the entire nation, who gave them the wisdom and who made known to them the truth and unity of God. He battled against idolatry ... and brought many under the wings of the Divine Presence. ... Thus, anyone who converts until the end of time ... is a disciple of Abraham our Father and a member of his household. ... Thus, you should say "our God and God of our ancestors" ... -- there is no difference here between you and us.
It's statements like this, from one of the greatest sages of all time, that makes me wonder why we've fallen so far.
I'll conclude with this portion of the series by saying that many rabbis in later times who sought to make it "easier" to convert followed the position of the Beit Yosef in the emphasis on the discretion of the court while also debating what exactly "for the sake of heaven" means in Maimonides' initial dictum about the conversion process. In future posts, you'll see how confusing and convoluted the debate becomes based on the writings of Tractate Geirim and the works of Maimonides.
Still: Think back to what Maimonides says about once a convert, always a Jew. Why can't we live by this simple dictum?
Labels: book review, books, conversion, orthodox conversion, rabbinic rulings, rabbis, responsa, responsim
Pledging Jewish Allegiance: Part I
Not that long ago, @bethanyshondark hooked me up with someone who provided me with a review copy of a book that is more than right up my alley: Pledges of Jewish Allegiance: Conversion, Law, and Policymaking in Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century Orthodox Responsa. I'm only halfway through the book, but I felt compelled to write about what I've already read. There are some definite positives and some very clear negatives to this book which were apparent from the get-go. The upside is that the collection of responsim in English translation is, in and of itself, invaluable. I'm able to overlook some very egregious "errors" because of this.
The authors of this volume are David Ellison and Daniel Gordis, the former is the president of Hebrew Union College (a Reform institution) and the latter is a popular speaker on Israel and is the president of the Shalem Foundation. The book was written over a period of a decade, according to the acknowledgements, and I imagine the push to get it printed now, at this very moment, was because of the increased intensity in the U.S. and Israel over the "Who is a Jew?" question regarding conversion.
The first thing that caught my eye in this book was the fact that the entire first chapter discusses the "geir" as meaning convert in the bible. I don't know how many times I have to say it, but there is absolutely zero proof that any use of the term in the bible meant anything other than stranger.
Jewish tradition permits the convert to join the Jewish people but often makes it difficult for him to do so. Even the Bible's word for "convert," geir, reflects this conflict, for geir means not only "convert" but "stranger" as well. The Bible refers to the convert as a geir even after he has joined the Jewish people. (14)
I can't express how distraught I was after reading this. The truth is that I really just wanted to put the book down at this point, because from an academic (and personal) standpoint, this is ignorant academics. In most of the instances in the Bible where this term is used, the understanding is that the individual being called a geir has simply tagged along with the Jewish people, he or she is a stranger among the Israelites. There is no formal layout for conversion at this point in the Israelite narrative, and the closest we truly get to someone in the bible converting is in the story of Ruth, who says that the Israelites will be her people and that their G-d will be her G-d. Other than that, the closest perhaps is Yitro (Moshe's father in law), but even there the rabbis and scholars struggle with whether he "converted" to become an Israelite as he joined the people and then subsequently left -- problematic when community is so important to the conversion narrative.
That being said, the meat of the book is interesting and informative about how we got from the Nineteenth Century to now and what exactly shaped modern-day rulings and concerns about motivation, acceptance of the mitzvoth (commandments) and what that means, and so on. Before I cut myself off (because I don't want to write five-million word long blog posts) I do want to share one thing that will set the stage for us that comes from Tractate Geirim, a minor tractate not formally part of the Mishnah (Oral Torah) and typically dated somewhat later.
Anyone who converts [in order to marry] a woman, for love or out of fear, is not a convert. Thus, Rabbi Judah and Rabbi Nehemiah used to say that all those who converted in the days of Mordecai and Esther are not [valid] converts, as it is written, "and many of the populace were converting to Judaism, for the fear of the Jews had fallen upon them." And anyone who does not convert lesheim shamayim [for the sake of heaven], is not a [legitimate] convert." (24)
The interesting thing about this particular passage is that it informs what the rabbis discuss in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth centuries -- but not in a way that you might expect. Ultimately, this very specific dictum is brought into question amid a rise in intermarriage and the Enlightenment period.
So I'll leave this one at this for now. Stay tuned for a multi-series look at some of the responsim and exactly what they mean for us today.
Particularly! Look out for what Maimonides has to say on the whole thing. It might surprise and delight you!


Individuals planning to apply for a Kentucky real estate license must request a copy of their identification record (FBI Background report) prior to taking the licensure examination, pursuant to 201 KAR 11:430. Failure to do so will void the exam.
We strongly recommend that you obtain your fingerprints at a local law enforcement agency (police station, sheriff's office, etc.) Note: The Kentucky State Police charge $10 for fingerprinting.


Home>What is an Accountable Care Organization?
An Accountable Care Organization (ACO) is a group of healthcare providers who participate together to share the responsibility for the clinical and financial outcomes experienced by their Medicare Fee-for-Service patients. Under traditional fee-for-service Medicare, providers get paid for treatments that they provide, and are not responsible for the care that is provided by others, nor for the value that results from the dollars that are spent on treatment. The ACO model is intended to change that, by making the group as a whole responsible for the health of the Medicare Fee-for-Serice patient and rewarding the group for the outcomes that their patients experience.
When an ACO succeeds in delivering both high-quality care and spending health care dollars more wisely, it will share in any resulting savings that is achieved.
The Medicare Shared Savings Program was created as a part of the Affordable Care Act in the health care reform law of 2010, to better coordinate care for Medicare Fee-for-Service patients though ACOs. Instead of patients having to navigate the complex healthcare system on their own, these ACOs will work hand in hand with patients to ensure patients are cared for. ACOs will encourage providers to work more closely together than ever before and offer incentives to providers that better coordinate a patient's care and treat patients across care settings.
Please visit Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services more information on Accountable Care Organizations.


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text:
El vuelo 32 de SANSA, un CASA C-212 Aviocar que se encontraba en camino al aeropuerto de Palmar Sur se estrelló contra el Cerro Cedral, una montaña en Costa Rica tras despegar del Aeropuerto Internacional Juan Santamaria en San Jose el 15 de enero de 1990. Los 20 pasajeros y tres tripulantes a bordo murieron en el accidente. La fatiga del piloto fue indicada como la causa del accidente. En su momento fue el peor accidente de un CASA C-212 Aviocar y actualmente es el quinto peor accidente del tipo. Asimismo, es el peor accidente aéreo en Costa Rica.

Secuencia del accidente
El vuelo 32 de SANSA despegó del aeropuerto internacional Juan Santamaria a las 08:25 hora local y fue autorizado a ascender a 5500 feet. Poco después la tripulación recibió autorización para ascender a 8500 pies. A mitad de ascenso, el avión volaba a 7200 pies chocando con el Cerro Cedral, matando a todos los que iban a bordo.

Investigación
La investigación descubrió que la causa del accidente fue un fallo en seguir el plan de vuelo propuesto y autorizado por el control de tráfico aéreo, que hubieran llevado al avión a volar bajo condiciones de vuelo instrumental en lugar de en vuelo visual. Entre los elementos que contribuyeron al accidente fue la ausencia de un Sistema de Alerta de Aproximación al Terreno, el cansancio del piloto y la no existencia de un programa de seguridad en vuelo de SANSA.

Véase también
 Accidente de aviación
 Anexo:Accidentes más graves de aviación (1953-presente)
 Anexo:Accidentes e incidentes notables en la aviación civil

Referencias

Accidentes e incidentes aéreos de 1990
Accidentes e incidentes de CASA C-212 Aviocar
Accidentes e incidentes aéreos en Costa Rica
Costa Rica en 1990
Accidentes e incidentes aéreos causados por error del piloto

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Brine in large sealed container 24 hours in refrigerator (using 1/2 cup salt for every 2 quarts water).
Remove pork and pat dry. Drain same container of brine.
Apply any preferred pork rub and place back in large sealed container and back into the refrigerator for 6 hours.
Add Apple, Hickory or Mesquite chips between cooking cylinder and drip pan.
Place pork fat side up on the cooking grate.
Light and check within 2.5 hours for doneness with thermometer until the pork reaches 160 F at the center.
Let pork cool until you can pull thumb sized pieces off and place in another container. Use either mustard or ketchup based BBQ sauce when serving.


text:
English Bee Runs Down Real News In James W. Murphy
by Paulick Report Staff | 05.18.2019 | 1:08pm
English Bee wins the Murphy
Calumet Farm homebred English Bee earned his first stakes win on Saturday, out-kicking 2-1 favorite Real News to win by a half-length under jockey Jose Ortiz. The 3-year-old son of English Channel, conditioned by Graham Motion, was sent to post at odds of 9-2 after a disappointing fifth in his first start in stakes company. Racing a mile over Pimlico's firm turf course, English Bee covered a mile in 1:35.60.
"He broke really well. He was up front in the race," said Ortiz. "For a 3-year-old lightly raced in the game he's very professional. He put me into a great spot and when I asked him to go, to push the nine at the 3/8ths-pole and then he ran very well. He's certainly moving forward. He's a big, strong colt."
Real News shot out to the lead, flanked by Thomas Selby through early fractions of :24.65 and :48.70. English Bee was tucked in behind rivals in third, with Tybalt on his outside holding him against the rail.
Rounding the far turn, Tybalt dropped back and allowed Ortiz to swing English Bee three-wide to make his challenge. Real News had a solid one-length lead at the head of the lane, but English Bee ranged up to his outside and looked him in the eye.
English Bee was game through the length of the stretch and hit the wire a half-length ahead of Real News. Real News never stopped trying but was second-best on this day, finishing 2 1/4 lengths ahead of Shootin the Breeze. Current checked in fourth, followed by War Film, Gearhead, Tybalt and Thomas Selby.
Bred in Kentucky by his owner, English Bee is out of the graded stakes-placed Kitten's Joy mare Evil Kitten. The colt won on debut at Presque Isle Downs, then placed in a pair of allowance races on the turf at Keeneland and Gulfstream Park. He won his fourth start, a one-mile turf allowance at Gulfstream, but ran fifth by 1 1/4 lengths to next-out G2 American Turf winner Digital Age in the listed Columbia Stakes at Tampa. Overall, English Bee has won three of his six starts to earn $120,000.
"I think he was really unlucky in his last race at Tampa," Motion said. "He kind of got stopped coming off the turn right when he went to make his move. We all decided to wait for this race. He's a real pro. He hasn't done anything wrong. Glad to start off with a win. I haven't looked much beyond this race but I think distance won't be a problem."
This entry was posted in Racing and tagged Calumet Farm, digital age, english bee, English Channel, Graham Motion, Horse Racing, jose ortiz, kitten's joy, pimlico, Pimlico Race Course, Preakness Stakes, real news by Paulick Report Staff. Bookmark the permalink.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
using System;

namespace TableClothKernel
{
	static class DebugExpressionTranscription
	{
		public static string GetOperandCurrentTranscription( Operand operand )
		{
			if ( operand == null )
				throw new NullReferenceException();

			if ( operand is Constant )
			{
				return ExpressionTranscription.GetConstantTranscription( operand as Constant );
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			{
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			{
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			{
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			{
				return "{}";
			}

			throw new TcException( "Unknown operand" );
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	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


ASU Mid-South, located just minutes from downtown Memphis, Tennessee, seeks a highly organized, entrepreneurial, and results-driven individual to develop, coordinate, and deliver high-quality non-credit workforce training programs. This dynamic opportunity includes, but is not limited to, customized training for business and industry; open enrollment career development and professional certification courses, and targeted programming and activities to support the collaborative workforce and economic development efforts of community stakeholders, including educators, employers, economic developers, and other governmental and non-governmental entities. This is a full-time, 12-month position.
· Ability to break through traditional communication barriers and establish/maintain strong, positive relationships between the College and business/industry employers and between employers, potential workers, and education/training providers.
· Ability to identify, plan, implement, and evaluate new and recurring non-credit training opportunities.
· Ability to effectively recruit appropriately credentialed instructors and third-party subject matter experts, as needed, to provide training in a wide variety of subject and skill areas.
· Knowledge of and ability to provide leadership regarding trends, news, and legislation relevant to area workforce and economic development initiatives.
· Knowledge of employer expectations of technical skills and work ethic skills related to the College's service area, including the Memphis metropolitan region.
· Knowledge of the Arkansas, Tennessee, and/or Mississippi Workforce systems.
· Experience in developing State of Arkansas Office of Skills Development (OSD) Workforce Training Grant applications; successful funding history is a plus.
· Ability to lead effective employer outreach efforts needed to generate new and sustained non-credit and/or credit training opportunities; willingness to provide support and guidance, as needed, to the greater Workforce Division and to the College's marketing team to facilitate successful employer outreach efforts.
· Ability to maintain an accurate data tracking system and analyze/report data related to non-credit training, such as demographic information on training participants, credential attainment, employment outcomes, etc., as required for local, state, and federal reporting.
· Experience working with economically disadvantaged or at-risk populations.
· Demonstrated ability to work independently and as part of a team.
· Bachelor's degree (Master's preferred) in workforce development, business, engineering, management, human resources, training and development, or other industry-related field.
· Five years of industry work experience, preferably in an advanced manufacturing, transportation, hospitality, information technology, or healthcare-related sector.
· Basic understanding of and experience in workforce and economic development; previous community college and/or training provider experience a plus.
· Proficiency in Microsoft Suite, specifically Outlook, Excel, Word, and PowerPoint.
· Necessary financial/accounting/analytical skills and experience to effectively manage the fiscal requirements of the position, to include budgeting, pricing, contracting, and forecasting.
· Ability to travel to various training, work, and other sites and to attend meetings within and outside the College's service area.
· Ability to periodically monitor the delivery of courses and training outside of standard work hours.
· Assess training needs of business/industry in the greater Memphis area and develop/deliver high-quality training programs that are responsive to those needs.
· Develop partnerships with stakeholders in the College's service area and in the State in support of relevant training, workforce improvement, and economic development.
· Engage in community and employer outreach activities to build strong partnerships with business/industry and build community awareness of the college's programs and services to the community.
· Participate in the marketing of programs and recruitment of program participants.
· Seek external funding and pursue or assist others in pursuing opportunities for program sustainability; manage the process of training cost reimbursement.
· Manage sequential and concurrent transactional processes with the Registrar, Business Manager, Facilities Scheduler, Marketing personnel, and other College personnel while simultaneously executing multiple non-credit training projects.
· Manage course and training content on the ASU Mid-South Business and Community web page.
· Serve as a designated trainer in an OSHA Train-the-Trainer model; deliver internal and external training.
· Establish and implement course/program evaluation tools; apply continuous improvement strategies as needed; monitor progress and outcomes to ensure client satisfaction.
· Develop and monitor a growth-based, quality-focused departmental plan which supports the College's mission and strategic goals.
· Prepare and submit internal and external reports, in accordance with internal policies and procedures.
· Provide timely responses to inquiries and requests for information.
· Supervise and manage the activities and training delivery of contracted instructors.
· Assist in engaging employers in work-based learning opportunities.
· Collaborate with Career Services in providing eligible students with employment opportunities.
· Serve on College committees, task forces, and grant teams.
· Perform general administrative duties required for program and project success.
Commensurate with education and experience. Full college benefits, including retirement; health, life, dental & disability insurance; a flex benefit plan; and tuition waivers for employee and family.
Start Date: Review of applications will begin immediately and will continue until position is filled.


Explore the Warmley gardens and grotto on a guided walk, every 2nd Sunday in the month (April to November), starting from the Museum at 2.15pm, fee £3.00 per adult.
This circular walk will take approximately 90 minutes on level ground, some of which may be muddy in wet weather. Bring a torch to help you explore as you wander through the grottoes, which will be specially opened for you by your guide.
For more information telephone Chris Quarry 0117 9575387, or the Museum Reception 0117 9605664.


Womenswear – Page 3 – YOU NEED A COCKTAIL !
Read more "#3 Inspiration of the week | Pink overload"
Read more "TREND | God is Dead, we killed him"
Read more "#2 Inspiration of the week | Arid Beauty"
Read more "BEAUTY | You're a jewel"
BEAUTY | White up !
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text:
Tenaiko Range är ett berg i Kanada.   Det ligger i provinsen British Columbia, i den sydvästra delen av landet,  km väster om huvudstaden Ottawa. Toppen på Tenaiko Range är  meter över havet, eller  meter över den omgivande terrängen. Bredden vid basen är  km.

Terrängen runt Tenaiko Range är huvudsakligen bergig. Den högsta punkten i närheten är Chatsquot Mountain,  meter över havet,  km söder om Tenaiko Range. Trakten runt Tenaiko Range är nära nog obefolkad, med mindre än två invånare per kvadratkilometer.. Det finns inga samhällen i närheten.

Trakten runt Tenaiko Range är permanent täckt av is och snö.  Trakten ingår i den hemiboreala klimatzonen. Årsmedeltemperaturen i trakten är  °C. Den varmaste månaden är juli, då medeltemperaturen är  °C, och den kallaste är januari, med  °C.

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Berg i British Columbia
Berg i Kanada 1000 meter över havet eller högre
Artiklar med robotjusterad position
Kontrollbehov inkommande wikilänkar


text:
Magnet unveil new look clubhouse
Tadcaster Magnet FC last weekend officially unveiled their newly refurbished pavilion after a £50,000 grant from the Premier League's Football Stadia Improvement Fund (FSIF).
The investment has allowed Tadcaster Magnet FC, who play in the York Minster Engineering League at Step 7, to renovate and refurbish the changing pavilion, creating bigger team changing areas and two dedicated officials' changing rooms.
The club also operates 22 other teams and provides football opportunities for children from the age of five through to adults. In addition to the football team, Tadcaster Magnet Cricket Club will also benefit from the new facilities.
Lewis Cook, formerly of Leeds United and now playing Premier League football at Bournemouth AFC was a junior at Tadcaster Magnet FC. He has subsequently gone on to represent England at international level.
Richard Woodcock, Club Secretary at Tadcaster Magnet FC, said: "The pavilion was in urgent need of renovation and refurbishment and the generous grant of £50,000 has enabled the work to be completed to bring this building of great character into the 21st Century and provide excellent facilities for all ages."
Peter McCormick OBE, Chairman of the Football Stadia Improvement Fund, said: "It's great news that funding from the Premier League has been able to support Tadcaster Magnet FC and their changing pavilion improvements.
"The fact that the whole community will also benefit from these new facilities is very pleasing."
He added: "Through the FSIF, investment from the Premier League is being used to improve the infrastructure at lower levels of the game."


text:
cask 'font-khmer' do
  version :latest
  sha256 :no_check

  # github.com/google/fonts was verified as official when first introduced to the cask
  url 'https://github.com/google/fonts/raw/master/ofl/khmer/Khmer.ttf'
  name 'Khmer'
  homepage 'http://www.google.com/fonts/specimen/Khmer'

  font 'Khmer.ttf'
end


text:
Last edited by Tolar
6 edition of Management Teams found in the catalog.
by R.M. Belbin
Published March 31, 1991 by Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd .
Management & management techniques,
Personnel & human resources management,
This book is a collection of essays based on the author's 9 years of experience as a program manager for Microsoft's biggest projects. It covers a lot of fundamentals, such as effective communication, decision-making, planning, and problem-solving. If you're looking for a framework of project management, you should look elsewhere. But if. Much of what you'll learn is through experience: Trial and error, talking to your own team, and talking to other leaders who've been in your shoes before. Books are merely a primer to give you a foundation for what it takes to be a good manager. These 11 books are a .
Colorado All-Hazards Incident Management Team Position Task Book Qualification Program. The State of Colorado adopted the original Interstate Incident Management Team Qualifications System Guide (IIMTQS) in July of In October of , the prior IIMTQS was renamed to the Interstate Incident Management Qualifications System Guide (IIMQS). Management Teams - Why They Succeed or Fail. Provides an informative introduction to Team Role theory. It is one of the most widely read, imaginative and influential books on this vital area of management research and was cited by the Financial Times as one of the top fifty business books of all time.
Consistent success does not happen by chance. It occurs by having an understanding of what is happening in the environment and then having the skills to execute the necessary changes. Ideal for project, IT, and systems development managers, IT Best Practices: Management, Teams, Quality, Performance, and Projects details the skills, knowledge, and a. Team management is the ability of an individual or an organization to administer and coordinate a group of individuals to perform a task. Team management involves teamwork, communication, objective setting and performance appraisals. Moreover, team management is the capability to identify problems and resolve conflicts within a team.
Speeches.
Consultative paper on the recommendations of Area Executive Team for 1988/89 and 1989/90 operational planning period
Munros mathematics for deck officers
Consultation with Non-Domestic Ratepayers (Scotland) Direction 1988.
Two Centuries of American Mennonite Literature
John Shaw Billings centennial. [Programme of the celebrations and short biography of J.S. Billings]
A Squirrels Dilemma
Pushkin and Russian literature.
Merchants Magazine and Commercial Review
Making Wise The Simple
CourseCard:Grammar Skills
early Palaeologan renaissance (1261-c. 1360)
Symposium on coal and gas outbursts, Nîmes, France, 25-27 November 1964.
Self-confrontation of teachers
Privacy protection act
A baby for Dry Creek
My little Vermont book
Management Teams by R.M. Belbin Download PDF EPUB FB2
Paperback Management Teams: Why they succeed or fail is an account of the experimental study of management teams at Henley Management College from which Belbin's unique Team Role theory developed.
Enter your mobile number or email address below and we'll send you a link to download the free Kindle by: McChrystal uses SEAL teams as his model for a great team. The book describes basic SEAL training and team development, and in the process, gives a Cited by: From the title, you would anticipate a graduate school oriented thesis on managing remote teams filled with obscure management techniques.
Yet, this e-book reads more like a lunch time conversation with that great manager that you worked for a dozen years ago. It's humorous, to the point, and yes filled with antidotes/5(29). Management is a skill that can always be improved. Reading up on new strategies will make you stronger at delegating, problem-solving and organizing.
Being open to new concepts is a great way to demonstrate to your team how you are willing to work together to build something amazing. Team management - Wikipedia. Effective teamwork is an important asset for every area of your personal and professional life.
These bestselling books from Simple Truths will help you uncover your team's strengths while simultaneously developing your own leadership and collaboration skills. Bestselling Name Price. As low as: $ Pulling Together. $ Management Teams book low as: $ In The Five Dysfunctions of a Team Patrick Lencioni once again offers a leadership fable that is as enthralling and instructive as his first two best-selling books, The Five Temptations of a CEO and The Four Obsessions of an Extraordinary time, he turns his keen intellect and storytelling power to the fascinating, complex world of by: The book is written as a story of new leader coming to an IT company with poorly acting management team.
The way she managed her new team members - very different, often contradicting and conflicting with each other or working in their silos - is great learning process on effective team building/5.
Books Advanced Search New Releases Best Sellers & More Children's Books Textbooks Textbook Rentals Sell Us Your Books Best Books of the Month. Get fast, free delivery with Amazon Prime. Prime members enjoy FREE Two-Day Delivery and exclusive access to music, movies, TV shows, original audio series, and Kindle books.
Build Your Management Team You want a person whose dream birthday gift is a calculator and a blank book of ledger paper. Money is your business's blood, Author: Stever Robbins. The 9 Best Leadership Books of Menu Search Go. Finding a Job.
Job Searching Guide Interview Types Job Listings "The Five Dysfunctions of a Team" is the third book in a trilogy. The 8 Best Management Books of Management Teams: Why they succeed or fail is an account of the experimental study of management teams at Henley Management College from which Belbin's unique Team Role theory developed.
Now in its third edition the original theory has been fully updated and rewritten in parts by the author, with chapter summaries and updated illustrations.
The Five Dysfunctions of a Team is a business book by consultant and speaker Patrick Lencioni first published in It describes the many pitfalls that teams face as they seek to "grow together".
This book explores the fundamental causes of organizational politics and team failure. Like most of Lencioni's books, the bulk of it is written as a business : Patrick Lencioni.
Explore Gallup Books for Managers & Teams. Gallup's management books put decades of workplace research and advice in the palm of your hand. Read our bestselling books to learn how to maximize your management potential -- and create high-performing teams It's the Manager.
This book is a perfect quick refresher course on advanced project management. Stephen Barker's classic provides hilarious and memorable illustrations of common challenges you encounter when running a big team or planning a vital.
Management Teams: Why they succeed or fail is an account of the experimental study of management teams at Henley Management College from which Belbin's unique Team Role theory developed.
Now in its. Book Description - ISBN (25 Pages) The best leadership style for any particular team will be influenced by its purpose and composition. This free eBook provides a practical guide to understanding team development to help you with practical day-to-day team.
Building a successful team is about more than finding a group of people with the right mix of professional skills. This guide will tell you how to lay the groundwork for a highly productive team.
Belbin's renowned Team Role theory is a familiar concept for managers and management trainers across the world. Following on from the best-selling Management Teams: Why they succeed or fail, this second edition of Team Roles at Work provides useful insights into how to apply the theory in everyday work situations.
Team of Teams by Gen. Stanley McChrystal talks about organisational dynamics and leadership in the US army. Stanley McChrystal is a US General who lead Special Task Forces and had to modify his armys organisation to better fight Al-Qaeda militants in Iraq.
The book is a personal memoir of transforming Joint Special Operations Command/5. "The Management of Teams, Third Edition", is a practical introduction to the Team Role method, written with the manager in mind to help them understand why this method could improve the effectiveness of their teams based on a rigorous, academically sound framework for today's business/5(7).The team leader must understand the team's vision and clearly define the goal to guarantee success and member loyalty.
One cannot lead a team without knowing the purpose and goal of the team. Furthermore, a team leader must create a collaborative climate to ensure that the best thinking and ideas of the team are represented.Team Roles at Work is the best-selling, second book written by Meredith Belbin, designed for any manager who wants to understand the practical application .
universityofthephoenix.com - Management Teams book © 2020


text:
Q: How to defiine class variable not importing package with it? for example is it possible to do somehing like public var socket:flash.net.Socket = new flash.net.Socket();?

A: No you will still get a class undefined compiler error if you don't import flash.net.Socket

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
TEDxUNBC speakers line up set
by admin|Published August 1, 2019
A variety of entrepreneurs, scientists, educators, and a performing artist will take to the stage at TEDxUNBC on Oct. 5 at the Canfor Theatre at the University of Northern British Columbia.
Through their inspiring and engaging talks, the 10 speakers will discuss the 2019 TEDxUNBC theme of Past the Future.
"We have a wonderful slate of speakers, a mix that complements the entire University from faculty and alumni to students and community members," said co-organizer Kirk Walker, adding it wasn't easy to select the speakers this year. "On Oct. 5, the audience will experience an interdisciplinary journey through inspirational ideas about science, education, the arts and more."
Tickets, $100 each, for the Oct. 5 event are now on sale. They are available at https://www.unbc.ca/tedxunbc
Daryl Hatton
Hatton is the founder and CEO FundRazr, an innovative, award-winning global enterprise crowdfunding platform. He is a serial entrepreneur who loves the challenge of building companies from scratch, has founded multiple start-ups and helped bring one, Optio Software, to a successful NASDAQ IPO in 1999. Hatton currently serves as a board member and advisor to multiple Canadian and Silicon Valley based start-ups including Canadian securities crowdfunding site FrontFundr.
James Steidle
Steidle grew up south of Prince George in the bush and worked as a tree planter and at Clear Lake Sawmills in his youth before receiving a Master's degree in Public Policy at Simon Fraser University after which he worked in the Legislative Assembly and the Canadian Labour Congress. He then started a woodworking company called Steidle Woodworking. He focuses on using local woods, and mills up the lumber himself. He works with aspen wherever he can. He currently spends his free time advocating for aspen and broadleaf forests as part of Stop the Spray BC.
Brittany Doncaster
Doncaster is a mental health and addictions clinician who emphasizes education, accountability and empathy in her practice. An evolutionary psychology perspective informs her position on favourite topics such as stress, boundaries, and technology. She is a UNBC alumna, having received a Bachelor of Science in Psychology and is currently working toward a Master of Arts in Counselling Psychology at Yorkville University.
Dr. Ronny Priefer
TEDxUNBC marks the return for Dr. Ronny Priefer to UNBC and his hometown. He is currently a Professor of Medicinal Chemistry in the School of Pharmacy at the Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences in Boston.
He earned a Bachelor of Science in Chemistry degree at UNBC and a PhD from McGill University that focused on organic and polymer chemistry. Prior to joining MCPHS, Priefer was at the College of Pharmacy at Western New England University. Before that he was at in the Chemistry and Biology department at Niagara University. He has expanded his range of projects to include medicinal, analytical, educational, and materials chemistry. He has had more than 50 students working with him, publishing 44 scientific articles and six patents as a principal investigator.
Edōsdi /Dr. Judy Thompson
Edōsdi /Dr. Judy Thompson is a member of the Tahltan Nation and was born and raised in Lax Kxeen (Prince Rupert, B.C.) on Ts'msyen territory.
For the last three decades, she has been learning the Tāłtān language, which has included learning the culture, knowledge, wisdom, and ways of knowing her people.
As the Tahltan Language Reclamation Director, her research and work has involved the development and implementation of a Tāłtān language reclamation framework. In 2018, based on her language revitalization work, Edōsdireceived the Distinguished Academic – Early in Career Award from the Canadian University Faculty Associations of B.C. That same year, she was also a recipient of the Excellence in Teaching Award at UNBC where she was an Assistant Professor in First Nations Studies at UNBC from 2015-19.
She is currently an Associate Professor in Indigenous Education at the University of Victoria an adjunct Professor at UNBC.
Reeanna Bradley
Based in Seattle, Bradley is a diversity and inclusion consultant working with software engineers across multiple industries. She facilitates trainings and conducts workshops to reevaluate data decisions, interrogate assumptions, and imagine new relationships between computers and humans. With a Master's degree in Gender Studies from UNBC, she is equipped to think beyond outdated models of identity and society.
Bradley's talk explores the incredible powers of data to reinforce social inequity or liberate us from bias. She invites deliberate co-creation of artificial intelligence by outlining interventions for computer people, policy works, and the rest of us.
Shelby Richardson
Richardson is a choreographer, curator and designer in Prince George. Her research over the years has spanned various disciplines including Performance Art, Museology, Anthropology, as well as Art and Design History. Shelby first completed a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Criticism in Curatorial Practice from the Ontario College of Art and Design, in Toronto. She then went on to complete her Master's Degree in Anthropology from the University of Victoria in 2012.
Over the years, Richardson has taught and choreographed for various studios and companies across Canada. Her choreographic work has been recognized internationally and she has received numerous awards and grants pertaining to her research in the realms of Anthropology and the Arts. Her current research focuses on the ways in which dance, and other art forms, can be integrated into local communities to help prompt social exchange and dialogue.
Dr. Guido Wimmers
Dr. Wimmers is an Associate Professor and Chair of the Master of Engineering Program in Integrated Wood Design at UNBC. He holds a Master Degree in Architectural Engineering and a Ph.D. in Engineering Science from the University of Innsbruck. Dr. Wimmers is a Registered Architect in the EU and a Professional Engineer in British Columbia.Prior to moving to Canada in 2007, he worked on modern timber design and Passive House Projects in Austria, Germany, and Italy, including large non-residential buildings and various research projects in the field of massive timber construction and prefabricated building envelopes. In 2018, he was pivotal for the construction of the Wood Innovation Research Laboratory, a certified Passive House in a harsh climate, which became the most airtight building in North America.
Dr. Lisa Dickson
Dr. Dickson is an Associate Professor of Renaissance Literature in the English Department at UNBC. As a 3M National Teaching Fellow, she dedicates a lot of her time to thinking about teaching and learning, and to supporting others who are doing the same.
She is a founding member and Project Leader of the 3M National Teaching Fellowship Mentoring Network, and a member the 3M NTF Council Executive. She has also been an adjudicator and mentor for the 3M National Student Fellowship.
Currently, she is working on a book with two other 3M Fellows, focusing on the pedagogy of critical hope and empathy in the teaching of Shakespeare, a project that is equally exhilarating and terrifying, as any worthwhile thing can be.
About TEDx, x = independently-organized event
In the spirit of ideas worth spreading, TEDx is a program of local, self-organized events that bring people together to share a TED-like experience. At a TEDx event, TEDTalks video and live speakers combine to spark deep discussion and connection. These local, self-organized events are branded TEDx, where x = independently organized TED event. The TED Conference provides general guidance for the TEDx program, but individual TEDx events are self-organized.
TED is a nonprofit organization devoted to Ideas Worth Spreading, often in the form of short talks delivered by leading thinkers and doers. Many of these talks are given at TED conferences, including our annual gathering in Vancouver, as well as TEDWomen, intimate TED
Salons and thousands of independently organized TEDx events around the world. Videos of these talks are made available, free, on TED.com and other platforms. Audio versions of the talks from TED2019 will also be published to TED's podcast TED Talks Daily, available on Apple Podcasts and all other podcast platforms.
TED's open and free initiatives for spreading ideas include TED.com, where new TED Talk videos are posted daily; TEDx, which licenses thousands of individuals and groups to host local, self-organized TED-style events around the world; the TED Fellows program, which selects innovators from around the globe to amplify the impact of their remarkable projects and activities; the Audacious Project, which surfaces and funds critical ideas that have the potential to impact millions of lives; TEDSummit, which gathers the most engaged members of the global TED community for brainstorms, discussions, performances, workshops and an eclectic program of mainstage talks; and the educational initiative TED-Ed. TED also has a library of original podcasts, including The TED Interview with Chris Anderson, Sincerely, X, and one of Apple Podcasts' most downloaded new shows of 2018, WorkLife with Adam Grant.
Follow TED on Twitter at http://twitter.com/TEDTalks, on Facebook at http://www.facebook.com/TED, on Instagram at https://instagram.com/ted and on Snapchat at tedtalkshq.


The 2019 Lincoln Town Car is going to be a return of the glamorous sedan. Many fans, experts, and competitors are waiting to see what does it bring. And because this is a classy car, there will be a great deal of everything. It is hard to compete the Continental sedan from the very same company in the beginning place. Furthermore, Cadillac is preparing new XTS with numerous upgrades, so brand-new Town Car could be the best action to any risks. We can anticipate nothing however sophistication, convenience, and happiness from a new car, and designers in Lincoln are specialist to deliver these.
After 8 years, the elegant car is preparing for its return. It is not going to share many parts with its predecessor from 2011, so it will be interesting to see all information on 2019 Lincoln Town Car. The advancement of it might start from Continental. These two vehicles will share a platform, however the sedan is going to be quite different. Taillights will cross the trunk. There are couple of options for grille up front, however designers have not decided which to place. Interior is classy and abundant. Premium materials and a great deal of information will leave no one apathetic. The brand-new dashboard will reveal all details a driver requires.
To have a total elegant car, the company needs to put a great engine in it. Because of that, brand-new 2019 Lincoln Town Car includes 3.5-l EcoBoost drivetrain. It is going to be prepared to crunch 350 horsepower, which suffices for a full-size sedan. Power takes a trip through a 6-pace automated transmission, which disperses it to all wheels. Option for the first unit is a 2.7-l V-6. The turbocharging system can make this mill produce 360 hp and 380 lb-ft of torque. It utilizes the exact same transmission to spread out the energy. Leading speed of the Town Car will be around 130 mph.
The 2019 Lincoln Town Car is can be found in the last quarter of 2018. The company is still peaceful on any details, but leaking sources say that we can anticipate the premiere soon. However, it is not going to be a production model, but still, we will learn more details about the elegant sedan.
Related Posts of "2019 Lincoln Town Car"


Available in assortment of colors of White, Yellow, and Orange.
Choice of reflective sheeting in Engineer Grade, High Intensity, and Diamond Grade.
These barricades also are available with no reflective sheeting. If you have any questions please feel to use our contact form for more information.


In the '60s, resistance to "the Establishment" was a lifestyle even before it was mobilized against the Vietnam War.
Students are coming out by the hundreds, or even fewer, where in 1965 they were thousands.
Three-quarters of all students now come from the top quarter of the economic scale. Many are majoring in capitalism.
Marshall SahlinsMarshall Sahlins is the Charles F. Grey Distinguished Service Professor emeritus of anthropology at the University of Chicago.


text:
Why anti-religious dress codes are no road to liberty
FOR many, banning schoolgirls from wearing Islamic headscarves will not guarantee a separation between church and state. Instead, it will threaten people's individual rights and may increase – rather than reduce – social tensions.FOR many, banning schoolgirls from wearing Islamic headscarves will not guarantee a separation between church and state. Instead, it will threaten people's individual rights and may increase – rather than reduce – social tensions.
February 4, 2004	5:00 pm
Pointing to laïcité, the secular tradition that demands that church and state are kept separate, the French cabinet has unveiled plans to ban headscarves and other religious symbols in state-run schools. The French National Assembly is debating the issue this week ahead of a vote next Tuesday (10 February).
Other European countries, including Belgium and Germany, are currently considering whether to follow suit.
As the debate on the place of Catholicism in the EU's constitution suggests, the separation between church and state is an enlightened goal for which to strive. In this multicultural age, there is no room for religion in affairs of state. Governments and civil servants should be blind to a citizen's colour, race and ideological convictions: religious, agnostic or atheistic.
Nevertheless, some will argue that the state will lose its essential humanity if it replaces divine dogma with secular puritanism. Taking down crosses, crescents and Stars of David in state schools may symbolize even-handedness, but many citizens across the EU dispute whether such a move will have the supposedly desired effects.
Government employees are, of course, obliged to serve the public without prejudice. But imposing a dress code will not enhance their sense of justice and fair play. People will carry their beliefs with them no matter what they wear. Good public servants will tell you that they leave their personal views outside the workplace or face the weight of the law if they do not.
Not everyone with a religious conviction seeks to impose their faith on others. A prominent defender of the right of Muslim girls to don their hijabs is potential papal pretender Cardinal Godfried Daneels, archbishop of Mechelen-Brussels. In contrast, Grand Sheikh of Al-Azhar – Islam's theological heart – Mohamed El-Tantawi insists that the wearing of headscarves in schools is a domestic issue.
Banning people from wearing symbols of their faith raises some worrying questions about where the state ends and the individual begins – this seems to be the message from the likes of Daneels. Regarding the body – and, by extension, what hangs on it – as a person's private temple is not just good Zen. Although France, and any other European country, has every right to keep the church, mosque and synagogue out of government, it cannot keep them out of a person – that would be a human rights violation.
The EU's Charter of Fundamental Rights makes this clear in no fewer than six of its 54 articles, including: human dignity (Art. 1), and the freedom of thought, conscience and religion (Art. 10). The right to education (Art. 14) guarantees "the right of parents to ensure the education and teaching of their children in conformity with their religious, philosophical and pedagogical convictions". The right to non-discrimination (Art 21) also prohibits "discrimination based on…sex, race, colour… religion or belief".
Advocates of the ban claim that it will strip away the differences between people, thereby easing religious and racial tensions. They also believe it will help emancipate Muslim women. In cases where a woman is forced by her family or community to wear a hijab, helping her shed it would certainly empower her. However, many Muslim women wear one out of a strong religious conviction. And a ban may lead them to turn their backs on state schools. Although some Muslim feminists see it as a sign of oppression and male domination, others believe a headscarf gives women power in the public arena by effectively desexing their relationship with men.
This shows that such a ban does not help the cause of multicultural tolerance, as successful coexistence involves living with and appreciating our differences. A little piece of cloth is no threat to Europe's social fabric, and there is a strong argument that the member states should lift the veil on the distrust, ignorance, frustration and fear that are the true motors of social tensions. As Beate Winkler, the head of the Vienna-based European Monitoring Centre on Racism and Xenophobia, has repeatedly stated, European governments need to build bridges between minorities and the mainstream, as well as take action to reduce economic and social marginalization.
For Winkler, and this correspondent, dressing the underlying problems in different clothes is not the solution.
Khaled Diab, who regards himself as a secular Muslim, is an Egyptian journalist based in Brussels. He writes about the EU and the Middle East. See the Charter of Fundamental Rights at: http://www.europarl.eu.int/charter/pdf/text_en.pdf
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Most Read: Contributor United States, May 2020
United States: A Bright Day For Employers: The Supreme Court Decides In Lamps Plus That Courts Cannot Order Class Arbitration Without An Express Agreement
by James M. Hlawek , Shireen Wetmore , Gena Usenheimer and Richard Alfred
Seyfarth Synopsis: Today the Supreme Court issued a 5-4 decision in the Lamps Plus, Inc. v. Varela class action arbitration case. The holding and rationale are important to employers because the Court decisively ruled that class arbitration "fundamentally" changes the nature of the "traditional individualized arbitration" envisioned by the Federal Arbitration Act and, for that reason, requires an express agreement of the parties to be compelled. In so ruling, the Court rejected the basis of the Ninth Circuit's contrary ruling, which had found the arbitration agreement at issue to be ambiguous and, applying California state contract law that contractual ambiguities should be construed against the drafter, held that the agreement allowed for class arbitration. Relying on its prior class action arbitration decisions, the Court found that such an approach is "flatly inconsistent with the 'foundational FAA principle that arbitration is a matter of consent.'" How this part of today's decision will impact Plaintiffs' efforts to use state laws to invalidate arbitration agreements will undoubtedly be the subject of future litigation, but it is now clear that courts can no longer order class arbitration unless there is an arbitration agreement expressly authorizing it.
What Did The Supreme Court Hold?
The Supreme Court held today that courts cannot order an arbitration to be conducted on a class-wide basis unless there is an arbitration agreement that expressly authorizes class arbitration. The Supreme Court previously held in its Stolt-Nielsen decision that a court may not compel class arbitration when an agreement is "silent" on the availability of such arbitration. Now the Supreme Court has gone a step further. Courts cannot compel arbitration when an arbitration agreement is ambiguous about the availability of class arbitration.
The parties — Lamps Plus and Varela, an employee of Lamps Plus — had an arbitration agreement that was ambiguous about the availability of class arbitration. Certain phrases, particularly the use of "I" and "my" throughout the agreement, seemed to contemplate purely individual arbitration. Other phrases, such as one stating that "arbitration shall be in lieu of any and all lawsuits or other civil legal proceedings relating to my employment," the employee argued, were broad enough to suggest class arbitration. The employee sued Lamps Plus on behalf of a class of employees whose personal information had allegedly been compromised.
The Ninth Circuit affirmed the district court's order compelling not individual arbitration, as the company had sought, but class arbitration. In deciding whether to compel class arbitration, the Ninth Circuit relied on California state law principles in applying a doctrine know as contra proferentem, which means that ambiguous terms in a contract should be construed against the drafter. In applying this doctrine, the Ninth Circuit found that the ambiguous terms of the parties' agreement should be interpreted against Lamps Plus — the drafter of the agreement — and in favor of the employee, who argued for class arbitration.
The Supreme Court reversed the Ninth Circuit's decision with five justices joining in the opinion. Relying on its past decisions in Stolt-Nielsen, Concepcion, and Epic Systems, the Court made clear that class arbitration "fundamentally changes" the nature of "traditional individualized arbitration" envisioned by the Federal Arbitration Act in several ways, including making the process slower, more costly, and "more likely to generate procedural morass than final judgment." Because arbitration under the Federal Arbitration Act is strictly a matter of the parties' consent, the Court found that applying contra proferentem to allow class arbitration under an ambiguous agreement is "flatly inconsistent with the 'foundational FAA principle that arbitration is a matter of consent.'" The Court, therefore, found that the Ninth Circuit decision ordering class arbitration was improper and reversed.
No Decision On Who Should Decide Whether An Agreement Allows For Class Arbitration
In a footnote, the Court stated that it was not deciding whether the availability of class arbitration is a "question of arbitrability" that is presumptively for courts (rather than arbitrators) to decide. The Court pointed out that the parties had agreed that a court should decide the issue, and therefore concluded that the question was not at issue. Thus, while every circuit court that has addressed the issue has found that the availability of class arbitration is a "question of arbitrability" for courts to decide in the absence of an express agreement to the contrary, the Supreme Court still has not decided the issue.
What Does The Lamps Plus Decision Mean For Employers?
The decision is an important victory for employers. Courts can no longer order class arbitration under the Federal Arbitration Act unless the employers' arbitration agreement unambiguously authorizes class arbitration. Under the Lamps Plus decision, employers no longer face the risk that ambiguous phrases in their agreements will lead to class arbitration. Only express agreements can lead to class arbitration. While many employers have revised existing arbitration agreements or adopted new ones since Epic Systems that include express class arbitration waivers, those employers with older clauses using generic language to the effect that all employment disputes are subject to arbitration benefit from today's opinion.
The decision did not, however, close the door on future litigation as far as the availability of class arbitration. Plaintiffs will likely continue attempts to use principles of state contract laws to invalidate arbitration agreements. Lamps Plus, however, should significantly narrow the successful use of such laws to the extent they "target arbitration either by name or by more subtle methods..." In this light, even general contract principles such as unconscionability cannot stand in the way of arbitration enforcement if they over-ride the "foundational FAA principle that arbitration is a matter of consent."
Additionally, Justice Ginsburg argued in her dissenting opinion that Congress should act to "correct" the elevation of the FAA over "the rights of employees and consumers" to bring class actions. Congress could, therefore, someday pass legislation that would make class arbitration more widely available.
Thus, despite the fact that the Lamps Plus decision makes it less likely that employers will face class arbitration, we continue to urge employers to have their employment agreements reviewed by experienced counsel and revised consistently with this and prior Supreme Court opinions.
James M. Hlawek
Shireen Y. Wetmore
Gena B. Usenheimer
Richard L. Alfred
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The 5th Annual Book Pipeline Competition seeks material for film or television adaptation. Open to writers worldwide, the contest accepts any genre, fiction or non-fiction. Published and unpublished works are both acceptable.
Early Deadline: September 5, 2018 with a $60 entry fee. Regular Deadline: November 15, 2018 with a $70 entry fee. For guidelines on how to submit, go here.


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Travel journalist Gross launches Beau Yorker newsletter
Michelle Gross
Michelle Gross, a freelance travel journalist, has launched a newsletter, the Beau Yorker. The editorial approach in the first edition boasts a lively mix of topics: "Sophia Loren's ship christening, The White Lotus finale, RIP Noodle, a good luck NYE recipe, and so much more."
A freelancer for Forbes, Business Insider and Travel Weekly, Gross contributed to Travel + Leisure, and was an editorial producer and writer there. She was a food and lifestyle reporter on contract at Time Out and interned at The Daily Beast.
Gross has a bachelor's degree from the University of Colorado Boulder and a master's degree from The City University of New York. You can subscribe to the Beau Yorker here.
Travel coverage


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Buddha, Christ Strolling Secretly in Tokyo Streets
Tokyo- (PanOrient news) Everyday, Buddha and Christ go on a secret tour around the streets of Tokyo, the capital city of Japan, where they experience a variety of situations and surprises.
The two prophets, who live anonymously in Tokyo, are trying to deal with the issues of everyday life in a wise manner that indirectly reflects their religious philosophies. They do this by offering sermons on how to face the current situations.
Manga Sinun, a monthly magazine, selected this subject to be published in a comic (manga) series entitled "Sei Oniisan" ("Young Saints" or "Saint Young Men"), now sold in Japanese bookstores. The stories were illustrated by Hikaru Nakamura and printed by Kudansha Co. in several volumes.
The story begins with both Jesus Christ and the Buddha returning to earth on vacation. They decided to share an apartment in Tokyo. The story depicts Jesus Christ as a generous young man with a sense of humor, and Buddha as a quiet and gentle young man.
This particular manga series described the two prophets' attempts to understand modern society from their Christian or Buddhist view with great humor. The release of each volume of the series highlights how Jesus and Buddha deal with the affairs of everyday life, and their responses and reactions to such things as rent, shopping, attending festivals or going to a pool, etc.
They also try hard not to be recognized or unveil their real personalities but whenever they face a small problem, they unintentionally solve it with a miracle or supernatural power.
For example, according to the story "whenever Christ feels happy and laughs, the water in the bottle in his hand turns into wine,". They once went to a pool, where Buddha discovered that Christ did not know how to swim. After a long discussion, when Christ approached the pool, the water broke away allowing him to walk, in reference to what is stated in the Scriptures.
As for the Buddha, "His head glows with light when faced with problems," according to the novel. This happened with the female owner of the apartment they rented, because of the numbers of animals and large birds that came together around the apartment due the holy attraction of its occupants.
One day, Buddha reveals to Christ his dissatisfaction with the fact that all the statues and images made him fat, and he expressed his wish to be portrayed as slimmer and leaner. Christ also expressed a similar feeling, that in all images he was portrayed as a tired, tormented and suffering person. He said he wished to be portrayed as a happy and laughing person.
This work was awarded the Cultural Prize of Osamu Tezuka for comic short stories in 2009, and finished tenth in a series of best-selling comics in Japan in the same year where sales of the first four volumes exceeded 2.6 million copies.
This spread of comics with a religious background is likely due to the fact that Japan is a country that is famous for its freedom from one religious belief and flexible attitude that does not prohibit different religions.
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Tue, Apr 23
7:30 AM PT
M Golf
vs. Day One
vs. Day Two
vs. Round One
vs. Round Two
vs. Round Three
Mon, May 20
Wed, May 22
Q&A with Senior Golfer Keith Okasaki
By UCSD
Release: Mar 26, 2011
Senior Keith Okasaki continues to improve and is playing some of this best golf during his final season as a Triton.
Courtesy: Jimmy Gekas/Sideline Studios
Coach Mike Wydra's UC San Diego Golf team turned in perhaps its best performance of the 2011 season last week, finishing sixth against an extremely strong 14-team Division II field in the Southern California Intercollegiate at Mission Viejo Country Club. Leading the way was senior Keith Okasaki who fired a 54-hole total of 223 which left him third in the individual standings. "Keith is our team captain and clearly our No. 1 player," says Wydra. "He's gone to the post-season every year and I think his finish at Mission Viejo has him motivated to step it up and get there again as a senior." With his squad starting the run towards "the championship season," the Sacramento native took time to talk about last week's tournament, his team and the game of golf.
Q-After finishing third at last week's Southern California Intercollegiate at Mission Viejo Country Club, you said you didn't play that well. How do you account for the result?
OKASAKI-Coach Wydra prepared us well, explaining every step he took in setting up the course as difficult as he did. Knowing what he was trying to accomplish, I was able to play conservatively, miss to the correct side of the hole, and manage my game around the course making pars.
Q-How difficult was the Mission Viejo course and the conditions faced during the tournament? How do you keep the right frame of mind when facing a demanding situation on the golf course?
OKASAKI-Mission Viejo is the toughest course we play all year and with the course being wet because of all the rain, it played almost impossibly tough. Having played here the last three years, I know that everyone struggles and making a bogey here and there isn't too big of a deal.
Q-It's been a tough season to date for the Triton golf team. Do you look at your individual performance and that of the team at the SoCal tournament as a possible turning point?
OKASAKI-I sure hope so. It's been a frustrating year, especially knowing that personally I haven't played near where I think I can. But after finally playing decently in a tournament, hopefully we will be able to finish the season strong.
Q-When did you start playing golf and what do you remember about your first experience?
OKASAKI-I started going to the driving range when I was about four, and played my first 18 hole round when I was seven. I don't remember much of that other than I shot 133 and didn't yet know that wasn't exactly a good score.
Q-What physical aspect of the game do you find most challenging?
OKASAKI-The toughest part of playing college golf is walking 36 holes on the first day of each tournament. With each round being about an eight-mile walk, we are all exhausted at the end of the day. However, it's nothing compared to the mental part of the game.
Q-How much of golf is mental and what, if any, exercises do you do to both prepare yourself for and react to circumstances during a round?
OKASAKI-Golf is almost completely mental and anyone who plays is completely crazy. But over the years, I've learned to keep an open mind and not expect perfection. This helps deal with the bad shots and keeping a level head.
Q-What part of your game has improved the most since you arrived at UCSD?
OKASAKI-My overall consistency has improved the most since entering UCSD. Wydra is the best golf instructor I've met so far and he has exponentially improved my game over the last few years.
Q-As a Northern California native, what attracted you to UC San Diego and what role did golf play in your decision to come south?
OKASAKI-Getting out of NorCal was one of the biggest attractions, and I had heard San Diego wasn't a bad place to live. Golf played a huge role in my decision, since I definitely wanted to play golf at a school where I would get a valuable education and decided UCSD was a perfect fit.
Q-What are Mike Wydra's strengths as a coach?
OKASAKI-Mike has a lot of years of experience, both as a top level player and a coach who has won the national championship. In addition, he is an excellent swing coach and has the unique ability to present concepts to his players in multiple ways until the concept is grasped.
Q-What would the average golfer be surprised to learn about playing collegiate golf?
OKASAKI-I think he'd be surprised to learn the degree of difficulty of keeping up with school work while traveling so often for tournaments, practicing between events, and maintaining the level of your golf performance from week to week.
Q-Among this year's UCSD players, best off the tee? Best putter? Most creative with trouble shots?
OKASAKI-I'd have to say combining distance and accuracy, I am the best off the tee. Lewis Simon is the best putter, as his performance this year would indicate. I am the most creative with trouble shots, having the most experience getting out of a tight spot and saving par.
Q-Your dream foursome-who would be in the group?
OKASAKI- Tiger (Woods), Ben Hogan, and Jack (Nicklaus).
Q-Among those you've played, what's your favorite course? Which one was the toughest? Which is San Diego's most under-rated?
OKASAKI-Favorite course-Lake Merced in San Francisco. Toughest-Spyglass Hill in Monterey or Mission Viejo. Not sure of San Diego's most under-rated, but my favorite here that maybe only eight people play each day due to it's exclusiveness is The Grand.
Q-Among those you've never played, which would you most like a chance to try?
OKASAKI-Augusta National. It's one of the most exclusive courses in the world that we see every year on TV. Getting to play would mean winning some large golf tournaments or befriending someone in an extremely high place.
Q-In your estimation, which of golf's four majors is the toughest to win?
OKASAKI-The U.S. Open. Like every major, it attracts the best field possible. Also, the course is set up absolutely impossibly, where sometimes a four round score that is over par will win. It's just a grueling test that completely examines every aspect of your game including your mental toughness.
Q-What's been the highlight of your golf career?
OKASAKI-In September 2010 before coming down to UCSD for my senior year, I won the Northern California Golf Association's Valley Amateur which is one of the NCGA's three major events.
Q-Do you plan on playing after you graduate from UCSD?
OKASAKI-I plan on continuing to play amateur events, nothing professional.
Q-You're an environmental science major. What are some of the most interesting classes you've taken? What do you hope to do with that in the future?
OKASAKI-One of the most interesting classes I've taken is Evolution. I'm not sure what I want to do yet. This year, I had an internship at the Sustainability Resource Center on campus which proved to be quite interesting.
Q-What are three things you'd like to accomplish in the next five years?
OKASAKI-Ideally, I'd like to get good at golf and make a career out of it. I don't plan to play professionally because currently I am not good enough. But if something were to happen, such as meeting a genie, and I became good enough to play, then I'd love to make a career out of it. Failing in that, graduating and finding a respectable job would not be a bad idea.
Previous Q & A Articles
Matt Herman (Men's Swimming & Diving) March 12, 2011
Hanalei Crowell (Women's Water Polo) March 5, 2011
Camille Gaito (Softball) February 23, 2011
Tim Shibuya (Baseball) February 8, 2011
Carl Eberts (Men's Volleyball) January 31, 2011
Neda Nguyen (Women's Swimming & Diving) January 24, 2011
Amy Bianchini (Fencing) January 14, 2011
Lauren Freidenberg (Women's Basketball) January 3, 2011
Christian Hatch (Men's Basketball) December 24, 2010
Blake Langland (Men's Swimming & Diving) November 27, 2010
Sarah McTigue (Women's Soccer) November 8, 2010
Brandon Yee (Men's Soccer) October 11, 2010
Bryce Madsen (Men's Water Polo) September 23, 2010
Annette Ilg (Women's Soccer) September 9, 2010
Ricci Luyties (Women's Volleyball Head Coach) August 24, 2010
Kevin Messey (Head Athletics Trainer) July 7, 2010
Dan O'Brien (Baseball Head Coach) June 18, 2010
Christine Merrill (Women's Track & Field) June 14, 2010
Vance Albitz (Baseball) May 11, 2010
Erik Elliott (Men's Tennis) May 3, 2010
Kelly Fogarty (Women's Track & Field) April 23, 2010
Liz LaPlante (Women's Tennis Head Coach) April 15, 2010
Kirby St. John (Baseball) March 24, 2010
Dan Perdew (Men's Swimming) February 28, 2010
Calvin Ross (Men's Volleyball) February 20, 2010
Nicole Saari (Softball) February 4, 2010
Brad Kreutzkamp (Women's Water Polo Head Coach) January 18, 2010
Tyler Acevedo (Men's Basketball) January 4, 2010
Dr. Cliff Kubiak (UCSD's Faculty Athletic Rep) December 18, 2009
Chelsea Carlisle (Women's Basketball) December 9, 2009
Carianne Cunningham (Women's Swimming) November 23, 2009
Elena Inouye (Cross Country) November 6, 2009
David Morton (Men's Water Polo) October 28, 2009
Juan Pablo Carillo (Men's Swimming) October 19, 2009
Sara Spaventa (Women's Soccer) October 10, 2009
Karen Reis (Women's Volleyball) October 2, 2009
Daniel Pavitt (Men's Soccer) September 23, 2009
Daniel Anderson (Cross Country) September 11, 2009
Peter Gresham (Men's Water Polo) September 2, 2009
Alexia Zatarain (Women's Soccer) August 24, 2009
Elaine Chen (Women's Volleyball) August 12, 2009
Jared Kukura (Men's Soccer) July 30, 2009
Dawn Lee (Former Women's Soccer Standout) July 8, 2009
Rob Mamula (Director of Athletic Performance) June 18, 2009
Garrett Imeson (Baseball) June 8, 2009
Leon Baham (Men's Track & Field) May 21, 2009
Kristyn Lesovsky (Softball) May 8, 2009
Kazumi Negishi (Men's Tennis) May 5, 2009
Laiah Blue (Women's Track & Field) April 16, 2009
Ryan Andre (Men's Crew) April 2, 2009
Josh Tanner (Baseball) March 24, 2009
Anju Shimura (Women's Swimming) March 7, 2009
Stephanie Bocian (Women's Water Polo) February 20, 2009
Lauren Chastain (Softball) February 5, 2009
A.J. Maulhardt (Men's Basketball) January 28, 2009
Annette Ilg (Women's Basketball) January 22, 2009
Steven Hardy (Men's Swimming) January 13, 2009
Frank Fritsch (Men's Volleyball) January 5, 2009


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Q: have multiple users as one model field in many to one format django models I want to create a minimalist task management app to learn Django's basics. So there will be Projects , Tasks and Users as the three big entities.

*

*A Project can have multiple users

*A Project can have multiple tasks

*A task can be assigned to 1 user

I can unable to figure out how to do a Many-to-One from Project - > Users using django.contrib.auth.models.User as my Users source.
This is what I have so far, but I know it is wrong and I am unable to wrap my head around it. I tried to relate to other questions such as the one with Contestents and the one with Vulnerabilities URLS on StackOverflow. I am not sure if I have to write my own User Model, or somehow extend it.
class Project(models.Model):
    Project_Name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    Project_Users = models.ManyToManyField(User)

class Tasks(models.Model):
    Task_Name = models.CharField(max_length=300)
    Task_AssignedToUser = models.ForeignKey("Project_Name", through=Users)

Thank you for your help.

A: class Project(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    users = models.ManyToManyField(User)

class Task(models.Model):
    project = models.ForeignKey(Project, related_name='project_tasks')
    name = models.CharField(max_length=300)
    assignee = models.ForeignKey(User, related_name='tasks')

Get the the users participating in a specific project:
p = Project.objects.get(name='myproject')
users = p.users.all()

Get a project's tasks:
users = p.project_tasks.all()  # Because of `related_name` in Task.project

Get All the tasks a user has, of all the projects:
u = User.objects.get(username='someuser')
u.tasks.all()  # Because of `related_name` in Task.assignee

Notes:

*

*A ForeignKey is a Many to One relationship. e.g. A Task belongs to only one Project - A Project can have many Tasks.

*You don't need superfluous field names. name is better than Project_Name

*One question at a time.