text:
Disciplines Criminology & Criminal Justice Punishment & Corrections
Cheap on Crime Recession-Era Politics and the Transformation of American Punishment
by Hadar Aviram (Author)
Intro to Corrections Criminal Justice Administration Law & Society
About the Book From Our Blog About the Author Reviews Table of Contents Awards Learn More Related Books
After forty years of increasing prison construction and incarceration rates, winds of change are blowing through the American correctional system. The 2008 financial crisis demonstrated the unsustainability of the incarceration project, thereby empowering policy makers to reform punishment through fiscal prudence and austerity. In Cheap on Crime, Hadar Aviram draws on years of archival and journalistic research and builds on social history and economics literature to show the powerful impact of recession-era discourse on the death penalty, the war on drugs, incarceration practices, prison health care, and other aspects of the American correctional landscape.
Attend Author Sessions at LSA 2019
At this year's Law and Society Association conference from May 30 – June 2 in Washington, D.C., don't miss these sessions from our esteemed authors. #LSADC19 Mugambi Jouet, author of Exceptional America: …
Are We Still Cheap on Crime?
This guest post is published around the Law and Society Association Conference in Washington, D.C. and from May 30 – June 2 and Western Society of Criminology Conference in Honolulu from February 7 …
Meet Our Authors at WSC 2019
While at Western Society of Criminology conference in Honolulu, HI from February 7 – 9, hear from our authors by attending their sessions. And save on all Criminology titles by using discount code 18E2639 at checkout. Sessions Featuring UC …
Hadar Aviram is Professor of Law at University of California, Hastings College of the Law, where she codirects the Hastings Institute for Criminal Justice and publishes the California Correctional Crisis blog.
"[This book] has the potential to become a classic in the study of how social context—in particular, times of financial crisis—influences incarceration policies... Highly recommended." —CHOICE
"Cheap on Crime makes a valuable contribution to the literature on mass incarceration and is a must-read for those seeking explanations for the significant changes that have occurred in American corrections over the last 5 years." —Christine S. Scott-Hayward Law & Society Review
"Thought-provoking and notable work... Cheap on Crime documents how market values have come to dominate the discourse on American corrections since the Great Recession. A welcome edition to the literature at the intersection of economics and criminology." —Larry Karson Social Science Journal
"A well-researched book with a coherent narrative and a strong, theoretically and empirically grounded argument . . . Essential reading." —Ashley Rubin Punishment & Society
"Cheap on Crime raises crucial political questions for all of us to debate, and it is as timely as a book can be." —Social Justice
"After decades of stability, mass incarceration is suddenly shapeshifting with enormous speed. Long-held debates are quickly becoming outdated. Aviram has provided us an incisive analysis of this transformation in progress and a lexicon for the new language of carceral power." —Jonathan Simon, Adrian A. Kragen Professor of Law, University of California, Berkeley
"Masterfully interrogates the economic logics that underpin our America's massive penal crisis in the wake of the Great Recession. Aviram offers a wonderfully rich analysis of the emerging 'cheap on crime' ethos." —Mona Lynch, Professor of Criminology, Law, and Society and Law, University of California, Irvine
"A groundbreaking analysis of the new rationality of fiscal austerity that will probably dominate the penal field in the years to come."—Alessandro De Giorgi, Associate Professor of Justice Studies, San Jose State University, and author of Re-thinking the Political Economy of Punishment: Perspectives on Post-Fordism and Penal Politics
"The 2007 financial crisis imposed new realities on American crime policy—widespread realization that we cannot buy our way to safety though ever-tougher sentences. Aviram coins the term humonetarianism to capture the twin impulses that animate this development: humanitarian concerns with justice, coupled with hard-nosed neo-liberal concerns with money. This odd couple of concerns has made substantial inroads. Cost-based opposition to the death penalty is at an all-time high, and in some states the most draconian sentencing laws have been softened. This is a hard-headed analysis that explores these new trends and their consequences. It is must reading for anyone interested in the criminal law and crime policy—that is, all informed citizens."—Malcolm Feeley, Claire Sanders Clements Dean's Professor of Law, University of California, Berkeley
1. Talking about Money and Punishment
2. A Fiscal History of Mass Incarceration
3. The Financial Crisis of 2007 and the Birth of Humonetarianism
4. The New Correctional Discourse of Scarcity: From Ideals to Money on Death Row
5. The New Coalitions of Financial Prudence: From Tough on Crime to the Drug Truce
6. The New Carceral Wheeling and Dealing: From Incapacitation to the Inmate Export Business
7. The New Inmate as a Fiscal Subject: From Ward to Consumer
8. The Future of Humonetarianism
??Notes
2015 Outstanding Academic Title, Choice
Listen to Hadar Aviram's interview on KPFA's Against the Grain
Watch a video of Hadar Aviram's book release event, a conversation with Jonathan Simon
Encountering Correctional Populations
Kathleen A. Fox, Jodi Lane, Susan F. Turner
The Jail
Terry Allen Kupers
Miller's Children
James Garbarino
Prison Truth
William J. Drummond
Yesterday's Monsters
Hadar Aviram
Escape to Prison
Punishing Poverty
Christine S. Scott-Hayward, Henry F. Fradella
Too Easy to Keep
Steve Herbert

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
clock 1h • David Moin
Iconix, Chou Team Up in China Venture
Iconix China will have rights to Iconix brands in that market.
By Evan Clark on May 1, 2008
Neil Cole and Silas Chou are teaming up and going after the Chinese middle class with a new joint venture: Iconix <?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" />China.
Iconix Brand Group Inc., headed by Cole as chief executive officer, will contribute $5 million to the venture and the Chinese rights to its brands, which include Op, London Fog, Joe Boxer and Candie's.
Novel Fashion Holdings, which is owned and run by Silas Chou and his family, will contribute $20 million to the new Hong Kong-based venture, which might also acquire interests in Asian brands.
"China is already saturated with luxury brands, but there is a large void for our brands to serve this new emerging middle class and that is the most lucrative opportunity in this exciting market," said Chou.
Iconix also reported a 43.1 percent boost in first-quarter net income to $18.2 million, or 30 cents a diluted share. Sales for the three months ended March 31 jumped 80.5 percent to $55.7 million.
For complete coverage, see Friday's issue of WWD.
You're missing something!


The Bismarck Bobcats are a Tier II junior ice hockey team in the North American Hockey League's Central Division, and play out of Bismarck, North Dakota, in the V.F.W. Sports Center. Originally a part of the America West Hockey League, the Bobcats joined the NAHL in a merger of the two leagues in 2003. In 2005, the Bobcats hosted the Robertson Cup tournament.
The Bobcats won the 2010 Robertson Cup, winning the national championship with a 3-0 victory over the Fairbanks Ice Dogs on May 9, 2010.
The Bobcats came to Bismarck in 1997 and played their first season at the Bismarck Civic Center. They moved to the V.F.W. Sports Center the following year and have called it home ever since. The V.F.W. Sports Center was remodeled in the summer of 2008. The seating capacity 1,289 and with standing room is 1,450.
The Bobcats also won back-to-back Borne Cup titles as champions of the America West Hockey League (AWHL) in 2003 and 2004. Their 2004 title was the last Borne Cup to be awarded prior to the complete merger between the NAHL and AWHL for the 2004–05 season.
Byron Pool, who served as head coach 2007–10, was named the NAHL "Coach of the Year" in 2009. In addition to leading the team to its first-ever Robertson Cup title in 2010, he led the Bobcats to the most successful regular season in history in the 2008–09 season. The Bobcats won 43 games and earned 88 points in the standings, which both set franchise records. The Bobcats won consecutive Central Division Playoff titles under Pool in 2009 and 2010.
Layne Sedevie is the current head coach, having been promoted from assistant coach following Byron Pool's decision to accept an associate head coach position with the Fargo Force of the United States Hockey League. Sedevie, a Bismarck native, was a goaltender at Bemidji State University and played professionally in the CHL before serving as assistant coach under Pool for the 2009–10 season. In 2010-11, his first season behind the bench, he led the Bobcats to their third straight Central Division Playoff championship and went on to win three more Central Cups (2012, 2013, 2016).
The Bobcats have had five head coaches in their tenure in Bismarck including: John Becanic; Chad Johnson, Dane Litke, Pool, and Sedevie.
Currently, they are the second-oldest franchise in the NAHL behind the Springfield Jr. Blues.


text:
Spam Graham
Discord Chats
CaC Events
Black Budget
PodPlayer
The Grimerica Show
#159 – Grimerica Talks NDE's and "The Dead Saints Chronicles" with David Solomon
By D-ron	— 4 years ago
Interview starts 36:55
David Solomon is a Christian minister. He is regarded as a leading philosopher and exponent of cosmological mythology, Bible interpretation, and prophecy. His life's research into NDE's is manifesting into a 3 book series. starting with The Dead Saints Chronicles – A Zen Journey Through the Christian Afterlife. David was diagnosed with agressive brain cancer and has already out survived his prognosis and is working on book 3. Despite months of radiation and chemo and faced with mortality, David wrote The Dead Saints Chronicles with a new vigor.
We finally get deep into NDE's on the show and we chat with David about dreaming, spiritual experiences , life after death, the parallels and trends between all the different types of NDE's, and much more.
http://www.deadsaintschronicles.com/
https://twitter.com/deadsaintsbooks
https://www.facebook.com/deadsaints.org/
In the intro we chat about a new initiative to raise funds for a new recording computer as we gift away a mini ipad and the opportunity to co-host a show. See links below on how to support the show. Also we mention a couple listener stories and Matt in the Hatt's blog and request for UFO / psychedelic experiences from listeners. Pass it on to people you know and spread the word.
We also chat about David Mathisen's new book coming out, volume ii which is Graham Hancock's author of the month. We may start a little four or five part segment on the 784 page Senate Report from 1978 on Weather Modification….
Links to stuff we talked about during the chat with David and during the intro segment:
http://www.grimerica.ca/psychedelics-and-the-ufo-phenomena/
http://humansarefree.com/2016/02/us-senate-reports-chemtrails-are-real.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pllRW9wETzw Kate Bush – Cloudbusting
https://grahamhancock.com/mathisend8/
http://www.fallofathousandsuns.com/
http://www.edgarcaycecanada.com/
http://www.nderf.org/ Near Death Research Foundation – Dr. Jeff Long
http://www.newdawnmagazine.com/articles/the-mystery-of-gobekli-tepe-and-its-message-to-us
http://www.near-death.com/experiences/triggers/shared-death-experiences.html
http://www.grimerica.ca/ep151/ John Anthony West on Grimerica
http://www.amazon.ca/Consciousness-Beyond-Life-Near-Death-Experience/dp/0061777269
Please Help support the show. Grimerica's Honey DoBeDoBeDo List: !! –
Grimerica is fully and solely listener supported. We adhere to the Value for Value model. 0 ads, 0 sponsorships, 0 breaks, 0 portals and links to corporate websites… just many hours of unlimited content for free. Thanks for listening!!
Help us replace our 9 year old recording computer for the studio and we will gifting a pre-loaded ipad mini and the opportunity to host a show with us and your favorite guest.
http://www.grimerica.ca/upgrade/
Check out all the other donation types, t-shirts, magnets and get a Grimerica email addy:
http://www.grimerica.ca/support/
Leave a review on iTunes and/or Stitcher
https://itunes.apple.com/ca/podcast/the-grimerica-show/id653314424?mt=2#
http://www.stitcher.com/podcast/the-grimerica-show
http://www.grimerica.ca/news
Leave a comment, ideas and guest/topic suggestions under any episode or blog
http://www.grimerica.ca/
SPAM Graham = and send him your synchronicities, feedback, strange experiences and psychedelic trip reports!!
graham@grimerica.com
Tweet Darren
https://twitter.com/Grimerica
Send us a postcard or letter
http://www.grimerica.ca/contact/
Thanks to Wayne Darnell for help with the website.
http://www.darnelldigitalink.com/
Grimerica Theme – Lock & Key
Come Again – Dead Saints
Dead Saints Day – The League
http://traffic.libsyn.com/grimerica/159.mp3
12 pillars bonsai Buddhist priestess Christ enoch forgiveness heaven holy presence immortal Jesus Lucid Dreaming NDE original sin Parapsychology spiritual upgrades Synchronicity tai-chi the meta human theology UFO zen
#305 – Isaac Weishaupt
By D-ron	—	1 year ago
Interview starts at 38:10
Isaac Weishaupt joins us to chat about his work, Illuminati Watcher and his podcast – Conspiracy Theories and Unpopular Culture, and the shut down of his youtube channel. We also get into all kinds of stuff like Hollywood movie propaganda, believing in the hidden, materialism vs spiritualism, net neutrality, messages outside the lane, and Freud's negative view on human nature.
We also chat about the occult, symbolism, ritual magic, the Illuminati, censorship, and much more.
https://www.patreon.com/illuminatiwatcher
https://illuminatiwatcher.com/
In the intro Graham talks about a listener email about the diagnostic for intolerance, the Greer disclosure letter for Trump, Putin and other world leaders. Darren reads some social media feedback and Brodie chimes in.
See the links below for stuff we chatted about during the show and the intro:
http://www.grimerica.ca/episodes/ep266/ Forrest Neal
http://www.grimerica.ca/episodes/waggoner/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/12769238/
http://siriusdisclosure.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/World-Leader.pdf
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/1294183.Aradia Gospel of the witches
https://colinwilsononline.com/faculty-x-2/
https://www.abebooks.com/book-search/title/nightside-eden/author/kenneth-grant/
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/36147687-the-dark-path
https://topdocumentaryfilms.com/the-century-of-the-self/
GrimericaFM
https://s2.radio.co/s053ed3122/listen
Please help support the show…. Grimerica's DoBeDoBeDo List:
Join the chat / hangout with a bunch of fellow Grimerican's
www.grimerica.ca/chats
Support the show directly
http://www.grimerica.ca/support
https://www.patreon.com/grimerica
Leave a Voicemail
http://speakpipe.com/grimerica
https://www.instagram.com/the_grimerica_show_podcast/
Connect through other platforms:
https://www.reddit.com/r/grimerica/
https://gab.ai/Grimerica
Purchase swag, with partial proceeds donated to the show
www.grimerica.ca/swag
http://www.lostbreadcomic.com/ link to Napolean Duheme's site
Felix's Site sirfelix.bandcamp.com
Christmas Carol Video
A Day in Reverse – Broke for Free
Free Thinkers (Don't Get Comfortable) – Sir Felix Ortega II
#237 – Grimerica Talks Biohacking, Ketogenic Diet, and more with Tristan Haggard
By D-ron	—	2 years ago
Tristan Haggard of Primal Edge Health joins us to talk about health and wellness, biohacking, and ketogenic diets. Tristan does some online coaching, podcasts, youtube hangouts, and helped his wife Jessica write "The Ketogenic Edge Cookbook – A Training Manual for Low-Carb Ketogenic, and Paleo Cuisine. This is not just a cookbook but a manual for a keto low carb and healthy lifestyle. Tristan always brings context to his coaching and conversation and Jessica joins us during the last part of the episode.
We chat about the demonization of coconut oil and saturated fasts and the American Heart Association, everyday bio hacks, our society's backwards health culture, and grains. Healing IBS and migraines, big pharma and the problem with agriculture, eliminating foods that cause stress in the body, and spiritual practice are some things we also chat about. Check out Jessica and Tristan's site below:
https://www.primaledgehealth.com/
In the intro we chat about a new way to spread the show. Graham shares the UFO quote of the week, and we talk a bit about the eclipse and our last episode. We also chat about Keto diets and how this is becoming mainstream.
Check out the links below for stuff we chatted about during the intro and the show:
https://go.thetruthaboutvaccines.com/
https://www.westonaprice.org/
http://www.blog.migrainepal.com/blog/daith-piercing-results-for-migraine
https://www.wimhofmethod.com/pages/practice-the-method
Please help support the show?. Grimerica's DoBeDoBeDo List:
Grimerica is fully and solely listener supported. We adhere to the Value for Value model. 0 ads, 0 sponsorships, 0 breaks, 0 portals and links to corporate websites? just many hours of unlimited content for free. Thanks for listening!!
Something Old – Broke For Free
Evermore Clever – Felix Ortega II
http://traffic.libsyn.com/grimerica/237-auphonic.mp3
#206 – Grimerica Talks the Bock Saga with Jim Chesnar
Interview starts 27;50
Jim Chesnar, Probably the worlds foremost expert on the The Bock Saga joins us to chat about the oldest genesis mythology handed down for thousands of years, maybe even millions?
Jim sat with Ior Bock and the generational story has been passed down. There are many documentaries coming out about this and Jim has been a large part of this reveal.
We chat about the correlations between this myth and actual geological events, and about the inner earth/hole in the pole underneath a museum the Russians built. Jim chats about the root language, Atlantis being a time and a place, and how the solar system might have been.
https://www.facebook.com/bocksagamovies/videos/187905448227359/
Bock saga
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oMZHfDapoiU
In the intro, it's just Darren and Graham chating about the UFO footage released by the Chilean Navy and some listener feedback on a past episode.
Links below to stuff we chat about during the show and the intro:
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/groundbreaking-ufo-video-just-released-from-chilean_us_586d37bce4b014e7c72ee56b
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5IsxvOcUCR0&app=desktop
https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/15/science/fecal-transplants-bacteria-viruses.html?_r=1
Pro mix
http://www.pthorticulture.com/en/about-us/
Please Help support the show. Grimerica's Honey DoBeDoBeDo List: !! ?
Something Elated – Broke For Free
Pale Blue Dot Remix – Cloud Chamber
One comment on "#159 – Grimerica Talks NDE's and "The Dead Saints Chronicles" with David Solomon"
The David Solomon talk was excellent and I can't wait to read the books. David brought up so many areas to ponder.
I appreciate your positive support during the interview. Thanks for giving David the opportunity to share with your audience.
Copyright 2019. Grimerica Inc.


text:
The AI Race
An hour long special from ABC's Lateline which examines the future of artificial intelligence and how new figures show that every job will begin to change in the coming years as AI starts to revolutionise not just the repetitive physical tasks but also those which require more cognitive thought.
Throughout the documentary we hear from several professionals all of whom are fearing replacement by AI. From a veteran truck driver Frank Black to a young final year law student and paralegal, Christine Maibom.
We also hear from many pioneers in the field, some of whom include Google's Reach Director Peter Norvig who is considered to be an icon among AI researchers. Professor Toby Walsh who is one of Australia's leading AI scientists also has a say in the film, calling for a national discussion on whether we should set limits on how AI is developed and used in our lives.
9.36 Richie Hawtin
Slices - Pioneers Of Electronic Music Vol. 1 - Richie HawtinThe launch of this DVD special series, Slices - Pioneers of Electronic Music celebr...
8.53 Absolute Zero
This two-part scientific detective tale tells the story of a remarkable group of pioneers who wanted to reach the ultimate extreme: absolute zero, ...
6.64 I Am Evel Knievel
"I Am Evel Knievel" takes a unique look at the life of Robert Craig "Evel" Knievel, through the use of archival footage we experience some of Evel'...
9.30 The Race For The Future Car
With rising temperatures and rising gas prices, cars need to become greener fast. And superficially, the large car manufacturers seem to work hard ...
Jack - September 17, 2017 at 4:55 pm
global welfair? how would that work if no one had to work i guess we would have to pool all our efforts into education and regulation reform.


The City of Moscow Public Works Department and Arts Department (hereinafter "City") seek qualifications from mural artists for a semi-permanent public artwork (hereinafter "Project"). The Water Filter Plant building has been selected for a mural installation on the highly-visible and busy intersection of Jackson and "A" Street. Artist(s) will have the opportunity to place a painted mural of our aquifer system, based on the image of the Generalized Geologic Cross Section Through Pullman and Moscow (see Image I below). The intention of this Project is to educate our citizens of the City's water resource.
Location. North and West-facing walls on the Water Filter Plant at 120 West "A" Street in Moscow.
The total amount of funding available for this Project is not to exceed six thousand dollars ($6,000). Additional concessions are not offered (i.e. room and board, daily per diem, food, art supplies, scaffolding, etc….).
• Either an individual artist or a team of artists may apply.
• Artist(s) living within a one hundred fifty (150) mile radius of Moscow, Idaho are eligible for this mural.
• Insurance and a business license.
• February 28, 2019, Submission deadline.
• March 14, 2019, Selection panel results announced to all applicants.
• March 18 through April 12, 2019, Selected artist(s) finalizes design details in collaboration with selection panel.
• June 12, 2019, Mural completion date.
• Artist resume´ with two (2) references from past mural projects.
• Digital submission of mural portfolio/past work showing a history of two (2) or more projects of a similar scale.
• Submit file(s) by email to nbaker@ci.moscow.id.us (PDF or JPEG). Ensure that attachments are appropriate size for email delivery. Send multiple messages if necessary.
• Professionalism of application materials and past work.
• Artist(s) aesthetic sensibility fits the Project goals.
• References can confirm that past project deadlines were met.
• A selection panel will review all applicants' materials in early March, 2019.
• All applicants will be notified of selection panel decision by March 14, 2019.
• Selection panel will be comprised of City staff and professionals in the arts and sciences.
• The artist(s) on the selection panel will decide what details of Image I (see below) will be included on the mural that will best fit the space and the Project goals.
• Supplies and labor for the building surface preparation are City's responsibility. Artist(s) will work with City staff to determine appropriate surface preparation.
• Artist(s) are responsible for acquiring all materials, beyond preparation, needed to complete the Project. • Artist(s) are responsible for promoting the longevity of the work (i.e. applying high quality, durable, outdoor paints, and anti-graffiti protective coating).
• The selected artist(s) will schedule a time to complete the Project with Public Works staff.
• Artist(s) must sign an Agreement committing to completion of the Project, completion of the Project on time, and releasing City of injury liability, etc.
• A variety of promotions such as press releases, social media posts, and educational events will follow the completion of the Project. Artist(s) may be called upon for media events such as interviews or photo opportunities.
• Once completed, and at the cost of City, the Artist(s) agrees to be available for twelve (12) months after completion of the mural to make any repairs.
The completed design becomes the property of City and the selected artist(s) will be required to sign an Art Purchase Agreement transferring all rights of the work to City.


text:
package ingest

import (
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"time"

	"math"

	sq "github.com/Masterminds/squirrel"
	"github.com/guregu/null"
	"github.com/stellar/go/services/horizon/internal/db2/core"
	"github.com/stellar/go/services/horizon/internal/db2/history"
	"github.com/stellar/go/services/horizon/internal/db2/sqx"
	"github.com/stellar/go/support/errors"
	"github.com/stellar/go/xdr"
)

// ClearAll clears the entire history database
func (ingest *Ingestion) ClearAll() error {
	return ingest.Clear(0, math.MaxInt64)
}

// Clear removes a range of data from the history database, exclusive of the end
// id provided.
func (ingest *Ingestion) Clear(start int64, end int64) error {
	clear := ingest.DB.DeleteRange

	err := clear(start, end, "history_effects", "history_operation_id")
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	err = clear(start, end, "history_operation_participants", "history_operation_id")
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	err = clear(start, end, "history_operations", "id")
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	err = clear(start, end, "history_transaction_participants", "history_transaction_id")
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	err = clear(start, end, "history_transactions", "id")
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	err = clear(start, end, "history_ledgers", "id")
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	err = clear(start, end, "history_trades", "history_operation_id")
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	err = clear(start, end, "asset_stats", "id")
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	return nil
}

// Close finishes the current transaction and finishes this ingestion.
func (ingest *Ingestion) Close() error {
	return ingest.commit()
}

// Effect adds a new row into the `history_effects` table.
func (ingest *Ingestion) Effect(aid int64, opid int64, order int, typ history.EffectType, details interface{}) error {
	djson, err := json.Marshal(details)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	sql := ingest.effects.Values(aid, opid, order, typ, djson)

	_, err = ingest.DB.Exec(sql)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	return nil
}

// Flush writes the currently buffered rows to the db, and if successful
// starts a new transaction.
func (ingest *Ingestion) Flush() error {
	err := ingest.commit()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	return ingest.Start()
}

// Ledger adds a ledger to the current ingestion
func (ingest *Ingestion) Ledger(
	id int64,
	header *core.LedgerHeader,
	txs int,
	ops int,
) error {

	sql := ingest.ledgers.Values(
		CurrentVersion,
		id,
		header.Sequence,
		header.LedgerHash,
		null.NewString(header.PrevHash, header.Sequence > 1),
		header.Data.TotalCoins,
		header.Data.FeePool,
		header.Data.BaseFee,
		header.Data.BaseReserve,
		header.Data.MaxTxSetSize,
		time.Unix(header.CloseTime, 0).UTC(),
		time.Now().UTC(),
		time.Now().UTC(),
		txs,
		ops,
		header.Data.LedgerVersion,
		header.DataXDR(),
	)

	_, err := ingest.DB.Exec(sql)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	return nil
}

// Operation ingests the provided operation data into a new row in the
// `history_operations` table
func (ingest *Ingestion) Operation(
	id int64,
	txid int64,
	order int32,
	source xdr.AccountId,
	typ xdr.OperationType,
	details map[string]interface{},

) error {
	djson, err := json.Marshal(details)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	sql := ingest.operations.Values(id, txid, order, source.Address(), typ, djson)
	_, err = ingest.DB.Exec(sql)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	return nil
}

// OperationParticipants ingests the provided accounts `aids` as participants of
// operation with id `op`, creating a new row in the
// `history_operation_participants` table.
func (ingest *Ingestion) OperationParticipants(op int64, aids []xdr.AccountId) error {
	sql := ingest.operation_participants
	q := history.Q{Session: ingest.DB}

	for _, aid := range aids {
		haid, err := q.GetCreateAccountID(aid)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		sql = sql.Values(op, haid)
	}

	_, err := ingest.DB.Exec(sql)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	return nil
}

// Rollback aborts this ingestions transaction
func (ingest *Ingestion) Rollback() (err error) {
	err = ingest.DB.Rollback()
	return
}

// Start makes the ingestion reeady, initializing the insert builders and tx
func (ingest *Ingestion) Start() (err error) {
	err = ingest.DB.Begin()
	if err != nil {
		return
	}

	ingest.createInsertBuilders()

	return
}

// transactionInsertBuilder returns sql.InsertBuilder for a single transaction
func (ingest *Ingestion) transactionInsertBuilder(id int64, tx *core.Transaction, fee *core.TransactionFee) sq.InsertBuilder {
	// Enquote empty signatures
	signatures := tx.Base64Signatures()

	return ingest.transactions.Values(
		id,
		tx.TransactionHash,
		tx.LedgerSequence,
		tx.Index,
		tx.SourceAddress(),
		tx.Sequence(),
		tx.Fee(),
		len(tx.Envelope.Tx.Operations),
		tx.EnvelopeXDR(),
		tx.ResultXDR(),
		tx.ResultMetaXDR(),
		fee.ChangesXDR(),
		sqx.StringArray(signatures),
		ingest.formatTimeBounds(tx.Envelope.Tx.TimeBounds),
		tx.MemoType(),
		tx.Memo(),
		time.Now().UTC(),
		time.Now().UTC(),
	)
}

// Trade records a trade into the history_trades table
func (ingest *Ingestion) Trade(
	opid int64,
	order int32,
	buyer xdr.AccountId,
	trade xdr.ClaimOfferAtom,
	ledgerClosedAt int64,
) error {

	q := history.Q{Session: ingest.DB}

	sellerAccountId, err := q.GetCreateAccountID(trade.SellerId)
	if err != nil {
		return errors.Wrap(err, "failed to load seller account id")
	}

	buyerAccountId, err := q.GetCreateAccountID(buyer)
	if err != nil {
		return errors.Wrap(err, "failed to load buyer account id")
	}
	soldAssetId, err := q.GetCreateAssetID(trade.AssetSold)
	if err != nil {
		return errors.Wrap(err, "failed to get sold asset id")
	}

	boughtAssetId, err := q.GetCreateAssetID(trade.AssetBought)
	if err != nil {
		return errors.Wrap(err, "failed to get bought asset id")
	}
	var baseAssetId, counterAssetId int64
	var baseAccountId, counterAccountId int64
	var baseAmount, counterAmount xdr.Int64

	//map seller and buyer to base and counter based on ordering of ids
	if soldAssetId < boughtAssetId {
		baseAccountId, baseAssetId, baseAmount, counterAccountId, counterAssetId, counterAmount =
			sellerAccountId, soldAssetId, trade.AmountSold, buyerAccountId, boughtAssetId, trade.AmountBought
	} else {
		baseAccountId, baseAssetId, baseAmount, counterAccountId, counterAssetId, counterAmount =
			buyerAccountId, boughtAssetId, trade.AmountBought, sellerAccountId, soldAssetId, trade.AmountSold
	}

	sql := ingest.trades.Values(
		opid,
		order,
		time.Unix(ledgerClosedAt, 0).UTC(),
		trade.OfferId,
		baseAccountId,
		baseAssetId,
		baseAmount,
		counterAccountId,
		counterAssetId,
		counterAmount,
		soldAssetId < boughtAssetId,
	)
	_, err = ingest.DB.Exec(sql)
	if err != nil {
		return errors.Wrap(err, "failed to exec sql")
	}

	return nil
}

// Transaction ingests the provided transaction data into a new row in the
// `history_transactions` table
func (ingest *Ingestion) Transaction(
	id int64,
	tx *core.Transaction,
	fee *core.TransactionFee,
) error {

	sql := ingest.transactionInsertBuilder(id, tx, fee)
	_, err := ingest.DB.Exec(sql)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	return nil
}

// TransactionParticipants ingests the provided account ids as participants of
// transaction with id `tx`, creating a new row in the
// `history_transaction_participants` table.
func (ingest *Ingestion) TransactionParticipants(tx int64, aids []xdr.AccountId) error {
	sql := ingest.transaction_participants
	q := history.Q{Session: ingest.DB}

	for _, aid := range aids {
		haid, err := q.GetCreateAccountID(aid)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		sql = sql.Values(tx, haid)
	}

	_, err := ingest.DB.Exec(sql)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	return nil
}

func (ingest *Ingestion) createInsertBuilders() {
	ingest.ledgers = sq.Insert("history_ledgers").Columns(
		"importer_version",
		"id",
		"sequence",
		"ledger_hash",
		"previous_ledger_hash",
		"total_coins",
		"fee_pool",
		"base_fee",
		"base_reserve",
		"max_tx_set_size",
		"closed_at",
		"created_at",
		"updated_at",
		"transaction_count",
		"operation_count",
		"protocol_version",
		"ledger_header",
	)

	ingest.accounts = sq.Insert("history_accounts").Columns(
		"address",
	)

	ingest.transactions = sq.Insert("history_transactions").Columns(
		"id",
		"transaction_hash",
		"ledger_sequence",
		"application_order",
		"account",
		"account_sequence",
		"fee_paid",
		"operation_count",
		"tx_envelope",
		"tx_result",
		"tx_meta",
		"tx_fee_meta",
		"signatures",
		"time_bounds",
		"memo_type",
		"memo",
		"created_at",
		"updated_at",
	)

	ingest.transaction_participants = sq.Insert("history_transaction_participants").Columns(
		"history_transaction_id",
		"history_account_id",
	)

	ingest.operations = sq.Insert("history_operations").Columns(
		"id",
		"transaction_id",
		"application_order",
		"source_account",
		"type",
		"details",
	)

	ingest.operation_participants = sq.Insert("history_operation_participants").Columns(
		"history_operation_id",
		"history_account_id",
	)

	ingest.effects = sq.Insert("history_effects").Columns(
		"history_account_id",
		"history_operation_id",
		"\"order\"",
		"type",
		"details",
	)

	ingest.trades = sq.Insert("history_trades").Columns(
		"history_operation_id",
		"\"order\"",
		"ledger_closed_at",
		"offer_id",
		"base_account_id",
		"base_asset_id",
		"base_amount",
		"counter_account_id",
		"counter_asset_id",
		"counter_amount",
		"base_is_seller",
	)

	ingest.assetStats = sq.Insert("asset_stats").Columns(
		"id",
		"amount",
		"num_accounts",
		"flags",
		"toml",
	)
}

func (ingest *Ingestion) commit() error {
	err := ingest.DB.Commit()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	return nil
}

func (ingest *Ingestion) formatTimeBounds(bounds *xdr.TimeBounds) interface{} {
	if bounds == nil {
		return nil
	}

	if bounds.MaxTime == 0 {
		return sq.Expr("?::int8range", fmt.Sprintf("[%d,]", bounds.MinTime))
	}

	return sq.Expr("?::int8range", fmt.Sprintf("[%d,%d]", bounds.MinTime, bounds.MaxTime))
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
TABOO FROM THE BLACK-EYED PEAS TO PERFORM AT ORIENT POUGHKEEPSIE
Member of the Multi-Platinum Group Appearing June 2
Taboo, a member of the internationally acclaimed Black-Eyed Peas will be performing a live DJ set at Orient on Saturday, June 2 at 10pm. The performance will follow an appearance at Splash Down in Fishkill for the "Shave For A Cure Beach Party" from 12pm -4pm. The event, presented by 96.1 Kiss FM and St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, will also feature appearances by Elvis Duran, DJ Mr. Vince & DJ Kue of the World Famous Vynil Squad and Live Music from Afterglow.
Tickets are $25 and available now at http://www.showclix.com/event/229810.
Since the release of their third album Elephunk in 2003, the Black-Eyed Peas have sold more than sixty million records. In 2009, the group became one of only eleven artists to have simultaneously held the No. 1 and No. 2 spots on the Billboard Hot 100 with their singles "Boom Boom Pow" and "I Gotta Feeling" which topped the chart for an unprecedented twenty-six consecutive weeks. The Black-Eyed Peas were ranked 12th on the Billboard's Decade-End Chart 'Artist of the Decade', and 7th in the 'Hot 100 Artists of the Decade'.
In November 2010, they released the album The Beginning. In February 2011, the group performed at the Super Bowl XLV halftime show. The album's first two singles "The Time (Dirty Bit)" and "Just Can't Get Enough" became international hits and topped the charts in many countries.
Besides being a member of the Black Eyed Peas, Taboo is also a noted solo artist, performing live around the world for thousands of adoring fans everywhere from Angola to Amsterdam. Music he has co-written and performed has been featured on many movie soundtracks, including Coach Carter, Legally Blonde, Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle, and Barbershop 2.
If his superstar music career wasn't enough, Taboo is also an accomplished actor, appearing in the film Dirty with Wyclef Jean, playing the part of Ramirez. He then appeared in the 2007 independent film Cosmic Radio, which also stars Michael Madsen, Wes Studi, Irene Bedard, Daryl Hanna, Ricardo Chavira, and other well-known actors. He played the character Vega in the 2009 film Street Fighter: The Legend of Chun-Li. Taboo has also appeared as a judge on MTV's reality show Top Pop Group.
For VIP table reservations, call Orient Poughkeepsie at 845-337-4848. Orient is located at 319 Main Street in downtown Poughkeepsie (http://orientpoughkeepsie.com/).
Orient is continuing its tradition of providing stellar evenings of music and entertainment. The appearance of Taboo adds another noteworthy guest to the roster of talent that has been appearing at Orient in recent months, including Grammy- Nominated The Crystal Method, the Electronic superstar DJ Keoki and eclectic soul singers/songwriters Joan Osborne and Dar Williams.
For more information, visit http://www.blackeyedpeas.com/ or on Facebook at http://www.facebook.com/TabooBEPofficial


The LCM-ASTRO series control panel is a cost-effective and easily configurable stand-alone contactor-based lighting control. It supports 2 or 3 zones with photo, astronomical time clock, remote switching and timed override.
A maximum of four (4) contactors can be accommodated in each 2- or 3-zone main panel. In addition, up to twelve (12) contactors are available in each expansion panel. Contactors are available in 4- and 8-pole configurations.
The LCD screen with four lies prompts the user to enter photo sensor set-point limits and time schedules. All saved in removable flash memory card. Adjustments to the settings and schedules can be made with pushbuttons on the controller face. Timed functions are controlled by an internal real-time astronomical clock. The battery-backed clock is accurate to one second per month and can be adjusted for drift. Timed circuits are automatically adjusted for daylight savings time and leap year unless otherwise specified.
The LCM-ASTRO series advantages include stability, versatility, quality, accuracy and the ability to control exterior lighting without using a photo sensor. Once mounted, the sensor, power, and lighting loads ready for operation once wired. The system controller has specific application control strategies that are matched with the appropriate sensor to create optimal packaging and system efficiency.


text:
Home / 2011 / June / 17 / UBC's Okanagan teams to compete at Canada's highest level
UBC's Okanagan teams to compete at Canada's highest level
By Patty Wellborn on June 17, 2011
CIS president Leo MacPherson congratulates Rob Johnson, director of athletics at UBC's Okanagan Campus
Heat basketball and volleyball will go head to head with UBC Thunderbirds
The University of British Columbia's Okanagan campus will now compete at the highest level of interuniversity sport in Canada. An application for membership in Canadian Interuniversity Sport (CIS) for the men's and women's basketball and volleyball teams earned unanimous approval at the recent CIS annual general meeting in Victoria.
The Heat teams were accepted into the Canada West Universities Athletics Association in May, pending this approval by the national body.
UBC's Okanagan campus has been officially welcomed as the 52nd CIS member institution effective September 2011. CIS is the national governing body of university sport in Canada. Fifty-two universities, 10,000 student-athletes and 550 coaches vie annually for 21 national championships in 12 different sports.
"We began this journey in June of 2006 so it is wonderful to finally have that first phase complete," says Rob Johnson, director of athletics for UBC's Okanagan campus. "While the process was challenging at times, the strong support shown the department from our student population, the faculty and staff, the senior administration, and the community at large, was unwavering and greatly appreciated."
Johnson credits several individuals within the university who supported UBC's Okanagan campus in its bid to join to join CIS. These include Brad Bennett, former Chair of UBC's Board, Doug Owram, Deputy Vice Chancellor and Principal of UBC's Okanagan campus and Ian Cull, Associate Vice President Students.
Owram says moving to this top tier of competition is yet another reason to cheer Heat teams on and he counts himself among fans.
"Our Heat teams have enjoyed extraordinary success at the collegiate level in provincial and national competition, and we look forward to their future achievements," says Owram.
"It will be very exciting for our community to see the Heat play teams from all of Western Canada's major universities, including the Thunderbirds from UBC's Vancouver campus," says Owram. "We wish our student-athletes, their coaches and our entire Athletics Department the very best as they prepare for an historic first season as members of the Canada West division."
The Heat will host the Thunderbirds in volleyball on the weekend of November 4th and 5th, while the basketball teams play the Thunderbirds for the first time at the War Memorial Gymnasium in Vancouver Jan. 27th and 28th, 2012.
"The best part about this news is that starting this fall, our basketball and volleyball student athletes can compete against their peers from other universities in western Canada and our fans have the chance to cheer for the Heat in the highest level of amateur sport in Canada," says Johnson. "I am hopeful that within the next few years we will be in a position to move the rest of our sports into the CIS."
Once the complete schedule is finalized the information will be posted at www.goheat.ca
For further information on CIS, visit www.cis-sic.ca
Posted in Media Releases | Tagged Athletics, Heat
Patty Wellborn
Assistant Communications Coordinator
E-mail: patty.wellborn@ubc.ca
See other posts by Patty Wellborn


By your 10th pair of socks or day planner No. 4, you may realize what the holidays are actually about: clutter.
This year, practice the art of uncluttered giving and spread the cheer brought on by drawers that aren't holding two dozen dust-collecting pens.
There are a few strategies to this art. Make sure you don't give someone gifts she already has, but pay attention to the exception to this rule — if she has four pairs of Apple earbuds she doesn't like, buy her one good pair of headphones and help reduce the clutter for her.
You should also buy items you're sure the recipient will use several times within the next year. If you can imagine it in a drawer or at the bottom of a closet, don't waste your money.
For more specific ideas, check out the list of clutter-less gifts below.
A versatile messenger bag won't create clutter and will last a long time, if you take the time to find a good one. Buy from Timbuk2 for a less expensive, extremely durable bag you can customize in every color and size, or check out Navali or Mission Workshop if you're willing to spend more money on a stylish option.
Wireless speakers can set the mood in any setting, whether it's a party or a quiet night at home. Bluetooth speakers are compatible with more devices than Apple AirPlay-enabled speakers, and there are great models for a variety of prices at Braven, Logitech and JBL.
Avoid toeing the line between useful kitchen tool and kitchen clutter. Cutting boards are essential, easy to store and maintain their utility – even if you own four of them.
Canoe has cutting boards crosscut from fallen trees for only $20, and you can also check out selections from Williams Sonoma and Sur La Table.
Makeup bags don't get replaced very often, so it's unlikely you're creating clutter for someone. They're great gifts for both home use and travel, no matter how much the recipient invests in the makeup itself.
Modcloth has several bags, as do Sephora and Nordstrom.
Pocket tools can go anywhere, so they won't make clutter for your loved one (although we recommend you check if he or she has one first). Check out CRKT, Gerber, Leatherman and Swiss+Tech for the best pocket multitools.
Gloves are a great utility gift for the season, especially if you give a pair of touchscreen gloves. For a great pair of device-friendly gloves, check out Mechanix.
A durable, quality pair of headphones can replace all other audio accessories, eliminating the kind of clutter that results in endlessly tangled wires. Check out Audio-Technica for headphones and earphones, as well as the NE-700 M earphones from Nuforce or this natural wood pair from Thinksound.
Unlike many other home decoration gifts, posters will create zero clutter and can be customized for anyone. For a world traveler, take a look at the scratch-off world map or Dorothy's maps based on books, songs and movies.
A great water bottle can replace a shelf of plastic water bottles. Get the Square bottle for easy cleaning, an insulated bottle from Contigo to keep drinks cold, a glass Takeya bottle for style or a classic Camelbak to choose from several colors.


text:
Bristol City Centre
Watch moment unmarked 'nuclear' convoy swept through Bristol city centre
Unconfirmed reports suggest it was a nuclear convoy
Tristan CorkSenior Reporter
From things to see and do, to in-depth features of those who make up our thriving, eclectic and buzzing city - with the BristolBuzz, get your weekly dispatch of what's going on in Bristol city centre straight to your inbox
This is the moment an unmarked military and police convoy stopped the traffic and stunned drivers and commuters as it swept through the city centre of Bristol this week.
The 14-vehicle convoy was captured on camera as it held up traffic on a main road into Bristol, and then headed out of the city on the M32.
The moment it came down the A37 Wells Road in Totterdown and joined the A4 Bath Road in a wail of sirens was captured by one surprised driver as she was waiting in her stationary car on the other side of the road.
The convoy began with a military police 4x4 car and then went on to include two police cars, three large police vans, another police 4x4, three large army people carriers and what appeared to be the subject of the guard of the convoy - four large LGV lorries with large unmarked containers on the trailers.
Police patrols stepped up in Bristol park
The brief video of the convoy was posted on social media within minutes of being spotted at around 7.50am on Wednesday, September 9 this week, and prompted a range of speculation as to what exactly was going on.
There was speculation that the convoy was operated by the AWE, the Atomic Weapons Establishment, an organisation which handles all the nuclear fuel for submarines and material for Britain's nuclear weapons.
The AWE is based at Aldermaston, at a base just the other side of Newbury in Berkshire. People commenting on the video, which went viral on Facebook, said they had seen many similar convoys around that area, but they usually took place in the middle of the night so did not attract attention.
(Image: Bristol Live)
It is unknown where this convoy had come from further south of Bristol, but heading to the M32 and then the M4 would fit with returning to Aldermaston.
One commenter said the operation could well have been a simple training exercise, or could have been a routine journey being made to refuel or return empty fuel from nuclear submarines.
Bristol Live contacted the Atomic Weapons Establishment, and a spokesperson declined to comment on the convoy, and said any inquiries should be made to the Ministry of Defence.
Bristol Live is currently awaiting a response from the MoD.
Totterdown
Temple Meads


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text:
About Villa
Mission & Ministry
Supporting Villa
Student Activity Info
Guidance Info
Mission & Ministry Info
Parents' Guild
FamilyID & Forms
Maria Hall
MMK Scholarship
Our School at a Glance
Our Foundress
Careers at Villa
7th Graders
Early Candidates Program
Our Viewbook
Summer@Villa
Tuition, Scholarships & Financial Aid
Curriculum & Grading
The Transcend Program
Faculty & Staff Blog
Jems on a Mission
Prayer Intention Request
Day of Service: March 8, 2020
Villa Traditions
The JET Program
"This Week at Villa"
The Alma Mater
Guidance Year by Year
NCAA Eligibility & Resources
Competing as a Jem
Athletes in the Spotlight
Coaching Careers
Annual Spring Auction
EITC Tax Credit Program
Other Giving Initiatives
Villa is Growing
Villa Joseph Marie High School
Why Villa
Give to Villa
Sometimes, great stories evolve from humble beginnings. Such is the case with the saga of Villa Joseph Marie. Villa's story begins quietly and unassumingly with the arrival of a young Lithuanian immigrant, Casimira Kaupas, to the U.S. in 1897. After settling in Scranton, Pa., as a housekeeper for her brother-priest, Anthony, the 18-year-old Casimira experienced a personal epiphany and decided to commit herself to religious life. Finding it impossible to pursue her religious path upon her return to Lithuania in 1902, Casimira desired to return to America to help Lithuanians there concerning matters of faith.
After years of study, spiritual guidance, and intense preparation, Casimira's dream was realized in 1907, when the Congregation of the Sisters of St. Casimir was founded, and she received the name Sr. Maria. In 1911, with the construction of the Motherhouse completed in Chicago, Sr. Maria was elected first Superior General in 1913, a position she held until her death. Over the course of the next 20 years, the congregation grew, and the Sisters spread their Mission across the U.S. By 1932, though, Mother Maria, as she was now called, decided it was time for the Sisters to take their next big step.
Mother Maria's goal was to found a retreat house/school in Pennsylvania, closer to the Order's birthplace in Scranton. According to Margaret O'Neil Schenk '60, in her work Villa Joseph Marie: A History, Mother Maria "intended to use the property as an East Coast country retreat for her Sisters. She also envisioned a school for young Lithuanian girls. Its mission was to nurture their Catholic religion and national heritage while educating them and to provide an atmosphere that would allow these students to test their desires to enter the religious life" (1).
After a lengthy search, Mother Maria and the Sisters eventually purchased a 203-acre plot of land named Maple Lane Farm. At the time of the purchase, there were several buildings on the grounds, including what are now Maria Hall and Regina Hall, a large barn, and other farming structures. The main drive into the property had already been laid, and maple trees had begun to grow on either side. Today, the drive is still referred to as Maple Lane, and many of the same trees provide shade to the Villa family.
Once the sale was finalized, Mother Maria and her fellow Sisters worked to transform the farm into a retreat and school. According to Mother Maria in her memoir entitled "The Opening of Villa Joseph Marie," there was indeed much to be done: "As we were bustling about with work, time was flying like lightning. There was more and more work to be done." Of course, though, there was always time for a little fun. "We used to assign charges [duties] to ourselves and draw pictures of how we would look," wrote Mother Maria. "Everyone reacted with hearty laughter" (2).
Later that year, an official dedication was held. According to a newspaper article, "several thousand people from Philadelphia, Baltimore, New York, and Chicago" attended the event to hear Cardinal Dennis Dougherty as he blessed the school and spoke of the great things that were to come for Villa. The Cardinal ended his speech by saying, "Today, then, you behold the beginning of a great work that, if one may be permitted to prophesy, seems destined to grow into the near future, and to demand the erection of other buildings, which may serve as a general academy...." (3).
Students quickly flocked to Villa. While there, they boarded in Regina Hall and walked the short distance to Maria Hall for classes. The harvest from the farmlands and orchards, along with the Sisters' famous homemade bread, was sold to support the growing school. As the student population grew, however, the Sisters realized they would need to build a new school and move to a traditional day-school structure. Therefore, in 1957, construction on the current school building was completed.
In the years since, many positive changes have come to Villa Joseph Marie. What was once a fairly simple curriculum has evolved into a premier college-preparatory educational experience. One hundred percent of Villa's graduates are accepted into four-year colleges and the 83 graduates of the Class of 2017 were offered $17 million in merit-based academic scholarships and grants. Students enjoy state-of-the-art science facilities, a flourishing Fine Arts Program, and a wide variety of extracurricular activities. The school itself has also changed physically—in addition to Villa's classic one-hallway structure, the school has added three additional new floors of classrooms, seminar rooms, and offices in St. Joseph's Hall. A major expansion project is planned in 2018-2019 that will include the addition of a 600-seat, state-of-the-art auditorium and 21st-century classroom spaces.
Although much has changed since Villa's founding, the central Mission of the school remains unchanged. That Mission is carried out with pride by the school's exceptional faculty and staff. Villa Joseph Marie is delighted to celebrate its long history, now 85 years strong, and looks forward to many more years of serving talented young women and welcoming them into the ever-growing Villa Family.
O'Neil Schenk, Margaret. Villa Joseph Marie: A History. Unpublished manuscript, 2000.
Kaupas, Mother Maria. The Opening of Villa Joseph Marie High School. Unpublished manuscript, 1932.
"Villa Joseph Marie, Newtown, Blessed; Cardinal Officiates." Date and newspaper of publication unknown.
Villa Joseph Marie
1180 Holland Road Holland, PA 18966
©2018 Villa Joseph Marie High School. All rights reserved. Privacy Policy


text:
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Homes in short supply across all of Colorado 2021-01-15 13:05:42Metro Denver wasn't the only housing market in Colorado that saw the cupboards empty and buyers starved as 2020 came to a close. It pretty much happe
Will Denver Urban Gardens lose most of El 2021-01-15 11:10:02What happens next could speed up the sale of the nonprofit's largest property, against community objections.
Hoof prints out, tire tracks in: Canceled 2021 2021-01-13 08:00:39This time of year, the Denver Stockyard Saloon should be packed with ranchers, ropers, 4H show judges and an extended cast of other western characters
Extra unemployment money will ease stress on Denver's 2021-01-13 08:00:01About 3 million Americans employed in March were still without a job in November, and they are disproportionately low-wage workers who are struggling
Metro Denver housing market running out of gas, 2021-01-11 13:33:31Metro Denver's housing market defied the odds last year, shattering one record after the other. But two economists warned local Realtors that the sur
EMW Carpets & Furniture calls it a century 2021-01-10 13:00:35After surviving a tornado in 1988, the end of the line finally came for EMW Carpets & Furniture on Nov. 30 after the last pieces of unsold furnitu
Vegas in the Rockies? Colorado's casino towns get 2021-01-10 08:00:09"Las Vegas-style gaming," that's what the city of Black Hawk says is coming to town this spring after Colorado voters approved Amendment 77 in the
Foreign firm's repackaged $9 billion bid to lease, 2021-01-09 08:00:58A revived pitch to lease E-470 to a private company that would run the 47-mile highway and collect its tolls over the next half century received a fro
Colorado landlords can no longer exclude tenants receiving 2021-01-08 13:18:31Colorado landlords can no longer refuse to accept prospective tenants based on their source of income, including public housing vouchers, under a new
Colorado contractors see tougher year ahead as backlog 2021-01-07 18:36:50A backlog of projects helped Colorado's construction stay afloat through 2020, but that surplus is drying up and contractors are forecasting much les
NYT > Real Estate
What $3.5 Million Buys You in California 2021-01-11 09:00:26A Tudor Revival home in Los Angeles, a modern house in Palm Springs and a hillside retreat in San Clemente.
Marie Kondo Talks About Tidying Up in 2021 2021-01-11 06:00:07A partnership with the Container Store will offer a line of 100 organizing objects for people who 'don't have as many empty boxes.'
Shopping for Kettles 2021-01-11 05:00:15It's not just for boiling water — so choose something with a little style.
Homes That Sold for Around $1 Million 2021-01-10 09:00:08Recent residential sales in New York City and the region.
Options for Struggling Landlords Whose Tenants Can't Pay 2021-01-09 10:00:08Critical eviction moratoriums don't offer much relief for mom-and-pop landlords who still have to pay to keep their buildings operating.
Preserving New York's Ties to the Underground Railroad 2021-01-08 05:00:39Safe houses and other structures used in the fight against slavery were often clandestine, and survivors today can be difficult to document. But there
Hastings-on-Hudson, N.Y.: An Inclusive Community on the River 2021-01-07 10:13:51Many of the residents in this Westchester County village are city transplants, drawn by the creative, environmentally conscious vibe.
Homes for Sale in New York and New 2021-01-07 09:00:22This week's properties include a four-bedroom in Glen Cove, N.Y., and a two-bedroom in Forked River, N.J.
Homes for Sale in Brooklyn, Queens and Manhattan 2021-01-07 09:00:22This week's properties are in Carroll Gardens, Astoria and Chelsea.
What $1.7 Million Buys You in Washington, Utah 2021-01-07 07:13:37A floating home in Seattle, a modernist cabin at a ski resort in Eden and a Queen Anne Victorian in Oil City.
House Hunting in France: A Soaring Paris Loft 2021-01-06 12:22:23As nervous sellers pull their homes off the market in Paris, sales are slowing. But eager buyers are keeping prices afloat.
It's a New Year in the Garden, Too: 2021-01-06 06:00:08In advance of the growing season, it's helpful for gardeners to acknowledge what went wrong in the previous year, and figure out what to do inst
MBS RECAP: Big Victory This Week (In Response 2021-01-15 16:42:02Posted To: MBS CommentaryBig Victory This Week (In Response To Last Week's Big Loss) Relative to the spectrum of possibilities, ending the week with
The Real Story Behind The Past 2 Weeks 2021-01-15 16:41:00Posted To: Mortgage Rate WatchIt was easy to get lulled into complacency by the second half of 2020 when it came to mortgage rates. Even as other indi
Improvements in Forbearance Continue to Slow 2021-01-15 10:34:12Posted To: MND NewsWireA decline in the number of forborne loans in those portfolios serviced for banks and private label securities (PLS) accounted f
Freddie Sees Mortgage Originations Contracting Nearly 20% in 2021-01-15 10:19:00Posted To: MND NewsWireFreddie Mac's first quarter 2021 economic forecast is unusually short, and, unlike recent forecasts from either of the GSEs, h
Post-2008 Standardized Practices Have Helped Manage Forbearances 2021-01-15 10:17:51Posted To: MND NewsWireFannie Mae said that the standardization of servicing standards that followed the 2008 housing crisis appears to have helped th
Retail, Ops Jobs; Appraisal, Non-QM, Jumbo, DPA Products; 2021-01-15 10:02:18Posted To: Pipeline PressAs Flagstar's Marcus L. points out, "1999 doesn't sound like that long ago until you realize that people with a
MBS Day Ahead: Bonds Not Threatened By Stimulus; 2021-01-15 09:27:22Posted To: MBS CommentaryAfter the GA senate elections, the bond market immediately knew it needed to prepare for additional stimulus, even if moderat
MBS RECAP: Bonds Playing it Extra Safe Ahead 2021-01-14 16:03:30Posted To: MBS CommentaryBonds Playing it Extra Safe Ahead of Biden's Stimulus Details As we discussed yesterday, the strong mid-week rally suggested
MBS Day Ahead: Waiting On Stimulus Details, Shrugging 2021-01-14 09:48:10Posted To: MBS CommentaryA few hours after markets closed yesterday, news began coming out regarding a Biden aide mentioning tonight's stimulus propo
Warehouse, Sales Jobs; Digital, AMC, Pricing Tools; Comp 2021-01-14 09:20:02Posted To: Pipeline PressWith the money I'm saving on "Dry January," I was able to buy some great edibles at the dispensary yesterda
Mortgage Rates Continue Healing, But Remain Well Above 2021-01-13 16:32:00Posted To: Mortgage Rate WatchMortgage rates had another solid day today--this time without any of the early drama seen yesterday. If you're just get
MBS RECAP: Important Victory For Bonds, and Another 2021-01-13 16:25:52Posted To: MBS CommentaryImportant Victory For Bonds, and Another Battle Ahead Rates rallied today. Despite a positive reaction to a strong 30yr bond
Inman News
As DC readies for a new administration, agents 2021-01-19 18:29:27Agents in the D.C. area say the turnover that occurs with a presidential transition is more understated than most people might initially think, but th
Vacation booking platform Vrbo to block new Washington, 2021-01-19 17:42:20The move comes amid the specter of violence during the inauguration of President-Elect Joe Biden. Airbnb also previously said it would block reservati
After its share price exploded, eXp is splitting 2021-01-19 16:52:06The 2-to-1 split is aimed at lowering the share price to allow more employees to purchase shares, the company said.
Historic LA estate once owned by Cher sells 2021-01-19 16:38:58Last owned by disgraced developer Robert Shapiro, the 10-acre Owlwood Estate was first listed for $180 million in 2017.
Inman announces the Inman Brand Ambassadors of 2021 2021-01-19 13:11:35The Inman Brand Ambassador Team of 2021 will have a full calendar year of community events, with their inaugural introduction Jan. 26-28 at Inman Conn
Black renters are twice as likely to have 2021-01-19 12:30:02Apartment List's latest study revealed Black renters have been disproportionately impacted by unemployment, which puts them at greater risk of evicti
Agents see income, satisfaction rise despite pandemic: Inman 2021-01-19 12:12:55Inman's agent appreciation survey shows that more respondents are now making six figures than when a similar survey went out last year. Satisfaction
With 1 day until inauguration, DC locals press 2021-01-19 11:22:50Despite Airbnb's decision to block and cancel all reservations during the week of the inauguration, Trump supporters are finding new ways to book sta
This city is poised to become the hottest 2021-01-19 11:00:34A new Zillow survey predicts this Southern metro will outperform all others in price growth.
10 crucial features that will draw guests to 2021-01-19 10:00:00The short-term rental market is going strong. Here's how to set your property apart from the rest.
MoxiWorks predicts 30% rise in home sales by 2021-01-19 09:00:12Real estate tech platform and marketing agency MoxiWorks predicts the month of January will net 422,000 U.S. home sales while February will see a tota
Rent prices growing faster than pre-pandemic: CoreLogic 2021-01-19 08:00:09Rent prices across the country rose by 3.7 percent in November, a significant spike from 2.8 percent rise recorded during the same time last year.


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Пло́сково-Зу́єво — заповідне урочище місцевого значення в Шполянському районі Черкаської області, квартали 23 та 25 Шполянського лісництва.

Як об'єкт природно-заповідного фонду створено рішенням Черкаського облвиконкому від 13 травня 1976 року № 288.

Заповідне урочище створено з метою охорони високобонітетних лісових насаджень з одинокими деревами дуба черешчатого віком понад 160—200 років.

Примітки

Природоохоронні об'єкти, засновані 1976
Заповідні урочища Черкаської області
Природно-заповідний фонд Шполянського району

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Bohemian plaited summer look perfect for festivals and casual events.
The collection was inspired by iconic women who have been special hair-heroines, such as Twiggy with her waiflike crop and Marilyn Monroe's tousled allure to Angelina Jolie's tumbling waves. Vibrant women who've captivated us through the decades to the modern day with their inner elegance and everyday glamour.


One in five couples today experience some degree of reproductive challenge. Stress, diet, lifestyle, advanced reproductive age, and an overwhelming amount of clinical conditions may be playing a part in your ability to both get pregnant and carry to term.
Whether you have been trying to conceive for some time without success, or want to prepare your body to be in optimal reproductive health before starting a family, acupuncture and herbal medicines can be a powerful tool towards reaching your fertility goals.
Eastern medicine has an incredible track record of enhancing fertility. Many couples after a few months of individualized care are able to conceive naturally. In some cases care must be coordinated with a reproductive endocrinologist to offer you optimal support. In both scenarios, the objective is the same, to nurture the aspects of the body that support reproduction and to pinpoint roadblocks that may be causing your infertility.
Herbs and acupuncture have been successfully used to balance hormones, improve sperm and egg quality, reduce inflammation, increase circulation to the uterus, ovaries and pelvis, manage stress, regulate the menses, and treat a multitude of gynecological conditions. Even if you have had previous trouble conceiving, allowing yourself a few months of care to strengthen and nurture the body may be the last step towards carrying a happy, healthy baby.


Matt is our chief sales guy, and had a few years experience in the wholesale side of the music industry before joining Gryphon. He's well-versed in Collings, Bourgeois, Santa Cruz, Huss & Dalton, Martin, Taylor, Kamaka…the list goes on and on. Matt manages the inventory for many of these brands, and if you're considering a special order guitar you'll want to sit down with Matt for some serious guitar talk.
When not at Gryphon Matt is often playing with his band "The Horses Mac," or at the racetrack rooting for his favorite driver!


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Sundance 2011: MY IDIOT BROTHER, LIKE CRAZY, MARGIN CALL, PROJECT NIM get distributors
Never let it be said that there is a slow day while the Sundance Film Festival is going on.
While much of the focus this weekend has been placed upon the shoulders of Kevin Smith and his latest film, RED STATE (which premiered tonight with seemingly middling reviews from press who got a chance to get into the premiere), a few other films have found themselves homes over this past weekend.
First, one of the festival's other big names, the Drake Doremus film LIKE CRAZY, has gone to Paramount Pictures. Starring Anton Yelchin and Felicity Jones, LIKE CRAZY is not only the first big hit of the 2011 Sundance Film Festival, but it's one of the more interesting moves this year, with Paramount (who makes their money in films like TRANSFORMERS and the upcoming THOR and CAPTAIN AMERICA) taking up this decidedly smaller project. Could it be bigger studios are taking hints from the likes of the Weinstein Company (who themselves picked up last year's big Sundance hit, BLUE VALENTINE), and others who have found the festival to be fruitful come late year awards season? Toss in a supporting turn by Jennifer Lawrence, and you have a film that is not only apparently taking the hearts of critics, but the biggest names in film distribution as well.
A decidedly less beloved film, MARGIN CALL, has also picked a distributor, in Roadside Attractions. In another interesting move, a film that's gotten far less interesting or high praise has gone to a much tinier distributor than you would imagine, given the really great cast. However, buzz has been really middling, but when you have a cast including Kevin Spacey, Paul Bettany, and Jeremy Irons, there is still quite a lot of reasons to get really excited.
Finally, on the documentary front, James Marsh's latest documentary, PROJECT NIM, has gone to HBO. The film follows the life of a trained monkey, and while it may not sound like much, the film has apparently gotten a lot of great responses coming out of its premiere.
Also, MPI Media Group has nabbed SXSW 2010 and Sundance 2011 film, MR. NICE, with the really well loved Paul Rudd-starring comedy, MY IDIOT BROTHER going to The Weinstein Company for a paltry $6 million. More on Sundance purchases as they come.
News, Sundance 2011, Sundance Film Festival |


Clinical condition of quadriplegia, lower cranial nerve palsies, and anarthria with preserved consciousness.
It is difficult to ascertain whether patients with LIS can understand or communicate complex concepts, which makes the assessment of decision-making capacity in LIS very difficult.
If a patient is incorrectly determined to have decision-making capacity when it is actually lacking, then the eye-blinking pattern may wrongly be interpreted as informed communication. On the other hand, if a patient is incorrectly determined to lack decision-making capacity when it is actually present, then the patient's surrogate may make decisions that may or may not be consistent or inconsistent with the patient's actual wishes.
It is possible that the patient could be fully aware of decisions made on their behalf, which would add further emotional and psychological stress if a decision is counter to the patient's wishes.
It is well known that patients with LIS can retain their cognitive abilities and recover enough function to be able to communicate. Not all patients with LIS, however, regain full consciousness, and the rate of recovery of consciousness is hard to predict. If the patient neither has an advance directive nor has discussed such a scenario with family or friends, this leaves the patient's family and the intensive care unit (ICU) team with the dilemma of deciding how long to continue ICU treatment while waiting for communication capacity to return.
Furthermore, even if the ability to communicate is established, it is especially challenging to determine comprehension and decision-making capacity when the ability to communicate is limited to eye blinking or eye movements.
There is evidence to suggest that the recovery of communication capacity takes months, which may mean that decisions to withdraw life-sustaining therapies should be delayed, especially if the goal is to allow the patient the opportunity to participate in the decision.
Adapted from Zaidat O., Kalia J. Ethical Perspectives in Neurology. Continuum Lifelong Learning Neurol 2008;14(6):137-140. Internet. Accessed January 12, 2016.


A lack of funds and political will has blocked the setting up of environmental courts in El Salvador, which were approved by law in 1998 with the aim of addressing the serious environmental problems facing this country.
The Supreme Court, which is to provide the infrastructure, staff and financing for the special courts, and the environment ministry have discussed the mechanism for introducing the new courts for the last 14 years without being able to set this essential instrument in motion.
'It definitely has to do with the budget... The Supreme Court's priorities are oriented in a different direction,' lawyer Salvador Nieto, a legal adviser to the environment ministry, told IPS. The amount of funds needed has not been announced.
The new courts are to try cases of pollution and environmental crimes, which in the meantime are handled by the ordinary courts.
The attorney general's office has an environment unit run by specialist prosecutors, and the national civil police have an environmental division.
But environmental law is complex and also requires special courts and expert judges devoted exclusively to this area, Nieto said.
El Salvador is one of the countries of the Americas where deforestation has wreaked the greatest havoc, to the extent that now only 2,655 square kilometres remain forested, including mangroves, equivalent to 12.6 percent of the country's territory, according to a study carried out in 2007 by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the environment ministry.
Another study, 'Situación de los recursos hídricos en Centroamérica: hacia una gestión integrada' (Water Resources Situation in Central America: Towards an Integrated Management), published in April 2011 by the Global Water Partnership (GWP), found that El Salvador is the only country in Central America with a shortage of water.
Salvadorans have access to an average of 1,700 cubic metres per person per year, which is the threshold for the definition of water shortage.
The environment ministry found last year that only two percent of the water in the country's rivers is suitable for drinking, irrigation or recreational uses.
There have been few judicial cases involving environmental matters in El Salvador, owing to decades of indifference to the environment among those in power. And the cases that have been filed, which have been few in number as the public is generally unaware that damaging the environment can be a crime, have moved at a snail's pace through the courts.
It has not helped that the Salvadoran justice system has been mired for decades in rampant corruption, as the U.S. State Department indicates every year in its reports on human rights in El Salvador.
But despite the slow pace of environmental legal proceedings, some cases have nevertheless managed to make headway.
One of the most notorious is the trial currently under way against Baterías Récord, a local company that was closed down in 2007 by the health ministry and charged with aggravated environmental pollution.
Local residents of Sitio del Niño, a small subdivision of San Juan Opico in the western province of La Libertad, together with environmental groups, denounced in 2004 that lead from the battery manufacturing and recycling factory had polluted river and well water, as well as the soil and air.
As a result, 150 people were recorded as having high blood lead levels.
Currently standing trial are engineers Hugo Rehnaldo Trujillo, Arturo Marenco and José Edgardo Brito, while the three owners of the company are presently fugitives from justice.
The attorney general's office announced in early January that the damages from lead pollution caused by Baterías Récord amounted to four billion dollars.
'The worst harm was to the soil and to local residents, as many people will have to undergo lifelong treatment to remove lead from the blood, at a huge cost to the state,' the attorney general's office said in a Feb. 3 communiqué.
Another high profile case was the trial against agricultural chemicals sales company Agrojell, which closed its doors in 1998, simply abandoning 92 drums of toxaphene, an insecticide banned as toxic in 1990.
In 2009 the Supreme Court upheld a lower court ruling to set free José Manuel Gutiérrez, the firm's legal representative.
As for the suspicions that powerful economic groups or international corporations may be quietly applying pressure to block the creation of the environmental courts, a Supreme Court prosecutor said it would be difficult to prove.
'The greatest destruction of the environment is not caused by ordinary citizens, but by companies... Firms may have an interest in not having a judge who is competent in environmental issues who could prosecute them in court,' Yanira Cortez, the assistant prosecutor for environmental issues, told IPS.
'We view this with a great deal of concern,' added Cortez, who works in the human rights prosecutor's office.
Meanwhile Nieto, the legal adviser to the environment ministry, said he had no knowledge of any such pressure against the new courts.


text:
Cataulacus nenassus är en myrart som beskrevs av Bolton 1974. Cataulacus nenassus ingår i släktet Cataulacus och familjen myror. Inga underarter finns listade.

Källor

Externa länkar

Myror
nenassus


D.G. Lyle Lyster of Winfield, Alberta passed away quietly with family by his side at the Rimbey Hospital and Care Centre, Rimbey on Friday, December 1, 2017 at the age of 82 years.
Lyle will be forever remembered and sadly missed by his loving family: his three sons, Reg Lyster of Winfield; Jim (Linda) Lyster also of Winfield; and Stuart (Ila) Lyster of Rimbey; and his four daughters, Carol Lyster (Kenn Orr) of Calgary; Marian (Harold) Dudenhoeffer of Rimbey; Ruby Nielsen of Strathmore; and Diana Lyster (Wayne Bruneau) of Innisfail; as well as thirteen cherished grandchildren and eleven great grandchildren.
He will also be lovingly remembered and sadly missed by his brother, Ivor Lyster of Stettler; in addition to numerous nieces and nephews.
Lyle was predeceased by his parents, Reginald and Vada; his beloved wife, Florence in 2012; his son, Willie in 1964; his grandson, Billy in 2000; his son-in-law, Barry Nielsen; and nine brothers and two sisters.
A Public Memorial Service in Celebration of Lyle's Life was held at the Winfield Community Centre, Winfield on Thursday, December 7, 2017 at 1:00 p.m. with Pastor Terry Oke officiating. Interment preceded the Memorial Service in the Mount Clare Cemetery, Winfield at 11:00 a.m.
If friends desire, memorial tributes in Lyle's Memory may be made directly to the Rimbey Hospital and Care Centre, c/o Rimbey Health Services Donations Program, Box 440, Rimbey, Alberta T0C 2J0 (www.rimbeyhealthdonations.com).


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DC Universe це стрімінговий сервіс, створений DC Comics і Warner Bros.

Про створення було оголошено у квітні 2017 року, назва і програмна сітка була офіційно оголошена в травні 2018 року.

Запуск бета-версії відбувся у кінці серпня 2018 року, а повний реліз стався 15 вересня 2018 року.

Історія і розвиток
У квітні 2017 року DC Universe був оголошений як безіменний сервіс з оригінальним телевізійним програмуванням, а його назву було оголошено роком пізніше у травні 2018 року. В наступному місяці були розкриті функції сервісу: доступ до старо-знятих і анімаційних фільмів та мультсеріалів DC, до коміксів, дискусій на вебфорумах фанатів, магазину товарів і енциклопедії всесвіту DC. Сем Адес, генеральний менеджер і старший віце-президент, з цифрової мережі Warner Bros. Digital Network, буде керувати послуги.

У квітні 2017 року стало відомо, що дебютними серіалами серсвісу стануть «Титани» і «Юна Справедливість: Аутсайдери». У листопаді, було оголошено розробку мультсеріалу про Гарлі Квінн. У січні 2018 року був анонсований серіал-приквел до Супермена, під назвою «Метрополіс», орієнтований на персонажів Лоїс Лейн і Лекса Лютора. У травні 2018 року стало відомо що вийдуть такі серіали як «Фатальний патруль», «Болотяна істота», а «Метрополіс» буде перероблений. У липні був анонсований серіал «Старґерл», у якому також будуть представлені члени Суспільства Справедливості Америки. Через місяць була анонсована щоденна новинна програма «DC Daily». На початку вересня 2018 року стало відомо, що сервіс стане доступний у Канаді з невказаної дати.

Доступність
DC Universe запущений у США 15 вересня 2018 року та доступний на вебдоступі: Roku, Apple TV, Android TV; або через додаток мобільних: iOS, Android. Одна підписка на DC Universe дає доступ до перегляду сервісу на двох пристроях одночасно. Попередні замовлення на стрімінговий сервіс стали доступні з 19 липня 2018 року, а рання бета-версія стала доступна для вибраних користувачів у серпні 2018 року.

Оригінальні програми

Фільми та телесеріали
На момент запуску сервіс включатиме чотири фільми з Крістофером Рівом про Супермена, «Бетмен: Початок», «Темний лицар», мультсеріали: «Бетмен: Анімаційні серії», «Ліга Справедливості», «Підлітки-Титани», «Юна справедливість», «Static Shock», екшн-серіал «Lois & Clark» та «Wonder Woman», та інші, які будуть перевидані у високій якості, а також анімаційні фільми: «Justice League: The Flashpoint Paradox», «Green Lantern: First Flight», та «Wonder Woman».

Примітки

Посилання

Підприємства Бербанка
DC Comics
Дочірні компанії WarnerMedia
Провайдери відео за запитом
Засновані у США 2018


text:
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This wine exudes an evocative array of flavours. Brooding mulberry, aniseed and beetroot flavours all mingle harmoniously in the wine. The layered flavour profile is underpinned by the poised and seamless integration with the trademark Cabernet Sauvignon "dusty" fine grained tannin structure.
The 2015/16 growing season had below average rainfall. Mean average temperatures were also consistently above average. A timely rainfall event in early February refreshed the vines and slowed sugar accumulation as they entered the final stages of ripening, resulting in vibrant varietal fruit flavours.


The joke about Australia is that it was founded by a bunch of criminals. And from 1788 until 1868, Britain did send roughly 164,000 convicts to the land down under. America's dirty little secret? The same exact thing was happening here. In fact, experts estimate that over 52,000 British prisoners were shipped off to colonial America.
Britain had been shipping convicts to America for decades before they started sending them to Australia. In fact, it was precisely because of America's fight for independence that the Brits had to start sending their criminals to Australia. But from 1718 until 1775, convict transportation to the American colonies flourished. Some estimates claim that almost 10 percent of migrants to America during this time were British convicts.
Many Australians have more or less embraced their convict history. But if you're an American who had no idea that your country's founding included a huge prison population, you're not alone. Historically, Americans have not been too keen on discussing the fact that convicts came to what would eventually become known as the United States.
Through the 19th century, most historians simply ignored the institution, and those who did recognize it usually claimed that nearly all of the people who were transported were political prisoners.
The Malefactors sent to America were not sufficient in number to merit enumeration as one class out of three which peopled America. It was at a late period of their history that the practice began. I have no book by me which enables me to point out the date of its commencement. But I do not think the whole number sent would amount to 2000 and being principally men eaten up with disease, they married seldom and propagated little. I do not suppose that themselves and their descendants are at present four thousand, which is little more than one thousandth part of the whole inhabitants.
Except that this wasn't true. British convicts came over in droves, and free Americans weren't too happy about it. In fact, even before the Transportation Act of 1718 really opened the doors for Britain's dumping of undesirables in America, some colonies tried to pass laws that would prohibit the practice. In 1670 authorities in Virginia passed an act that prohibited convicts from being sent to the area. This, unsurprisingly, was overruled by the king.
Planters both in the West Indies and in Virginia, which was reckoned a part of them far on in the eighteenth century, needed laborers, and welcomed a supply from whatever quarter. [...] As Virginia's staple was tobacco, it naturally became a centre of white as well as black servitude, whether its victims were indented or not, and criminal or not.
Americans have rather romantic ideas about how their country was founded. We've long been fond of the mythology surrounding persecuted people freely traveling to the New World and building the greatest country on Earth. But, like all history, it's much, much messier than that. Our history includes plenty of genocide, slavery, and just a dash of prison folk — and the latter may be news to many Americans who wouldn't hesitate to make jokes about Australia being populated by the descendants of criminals.
But Australia really wasn't special in that regard. Shipping criminals halfway around the world was part of America's sordid history, too.


Parasound has long been known for putting out products that perform way beyond their price tag. The JC3 is just another example of the design team at Parasound creating a product that performs at a level two to four times its price point.
If you are frustrated with the sound from your phono preamp and want to improve it significantly without spending tons of money, the JC3 should be on your short list to audition. Many of our customers audition every preamp up to a $1,000, including the Musical Surroundings Nova MKII. The JC3 is in a entirely different league.
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CNY is a construction and development services firm headquartered in New York City.
Founded in 2003, CNY and our affiliated operating business units combine building expertise and the highest professional standards with a delivery that is time sensitive and bottom-line savvy.
CNY is dedicated to creating value for our clients.
In an entrepreneurial manner, and through leadership and collaboration, we provide development and business expertise to enhance our client's interests.
CNY operates under the leadership of Ken Colao, the firm's President; Steve Colao, Chief Operating Officer; and Dennis Prude, Executive Vice President of Field Operations. Together they have more than 100 years of combined experience in construction and development. A CNY principal is actively involved on every assignment and is fully accessible. That is a key differentiator for our clients.