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PM Netanyahu's Address to The Nations
The highlights of PM Netanyahu's Speech at the UN General Assembly:
Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen,
Nearly 62 years ago, the United Nations recognized the right of the Jews, an ancient people 3,500 years-old, to a state of their own in their ancestral homeland... The United Nations was founded after the carnage of World War II and the horrors of the Holocaust. It was charged with preventing the recurrence of such horrendous events.
Nothing has undermined that central mission more than the systematic assault on the truth. Yesterday the President of Iran stood at this very podium, spewing his latest anti-Semitic rants. Just a few days earlier, he again claimed that the Holocaust is a lie.
Last month, I went to a villa in a suburb of Berlin called Wannsee. There, on January 20, 1942, after a hearty meal, senior Nazi officials met and decided how to exterminate the Jewish people. The detailed minutes of that meeting have been preserved by successive German governments. Here is a copy of those minutes, in which the Nazis issued precise instructions on how to carry out the extermination of the Jews. Is this a lie?
A day before I was in Wannsee, I was given in Berlin the original construction plans for the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp. Those plans are signed by Hitler's deputy, Heinrich Himmler himself. Here is a copy of the plans for Auschwitz-Birkenau, where one million Jews were murdered. Is this too a lie?
This June, President Obama visited the Buchenwald concentration camp. Did President Obama pay tribute to a lie?
And what of the Auschwitz survivors whose arms still bear the tattooed numbers branded on them by the Nazis? Are those tattoos a lie? One-third of all Jews perished in the conflagration. Nearly every Jewish family was affected, including my own. My wife's grandparents, her father's two sisters and three brothers, and all the aunts, uncles and cousins were all murdered by the Nazis. Is that also a lie?
Yesterday, the man who calls the Holocaust a lie spoke from this podium. To those who refused to come here and to those who left this room in protest, I commend you. You stood up for moral clarity and you brought honor to your countries.
But to those who gave this Holocaust-denier a hearing, I say on behalf of my people, the Jewish people, and decent people everywhere: Have you no shame? Have you no decency?
A mere six decades after the Holocaust, you give legitimacy to a man who denies that the murder of six million Jews took place and pledges to wipe out the Jewish state.
What a disgrace! What a mockery of the charter of the United Nations! Perhaps some of you think that this man and his odious regime threaten only the Jews. You're wrong.
History has shown us time and again that what starts with attacks on the Jews eventually ends up engulfing many others.
This Iranian regime is fueled by an extreme fundamentalism that burst onto the world scene three decades ago after lying dormant for centuries. In the past thirty years, this fanaticism has swept the globe with a murderous violence and cold-blooded impartiality in its choice of victims. It has callously slaughtered Moslems and Christians, Jews and Hindus, and many others. Though it is comprised of different offshoots, the adherents of this unforgiving creed seek to return humanity to medieval times.
Wherever they can, they impose a backward regimented society where women, minorities, gays or anyone not deemed to be a true believer is brutally subjugated. The struggle against this fanaticism does not pit faith against faith nor civilization against civilization.
It pits civilization against barbarism, the 21st century against the 9th century, those who sanctify life against those who glorify death.
The primitivism of the 9th century ought to be no match for the progress of the 21st century. The allure of freedom, the power of technology, the reach of communications should surely win the day. Ultimately, the past cannot triumph over the future. And the future offers all nations magnificent bounties of hope. The pace of progress is growing exponentially.
It took us centuries to get from the printing press to the telephone, decades to get from the telephone to the personal computer, and only a few years to get from the personal computer to the internet.
What seemed impossible a few years ago is already outdated, and we can scarcely fathom the changes that are yet to come. We will crack the genetic code. We will cure the incurable. We will lengthen our lives. We will find a cheap alternative to fossil fuels and clean up the planet.
I am proud that my country Israel is at the forefront of these advances - by leading innovations in science and technology, medicine and biology, agriculture and water, energy and the environment. These innovations the world over offer humanity a sunlit future of unimagined promise.
But if the most primitive fanaticism can acquire the most deadly weapons, the march of history could be reversed for a time. And like the belated victory over the Nazis, the forces of progress and freedom will prevail only after an horrific toll of blood and fortune has been exacted from mankind. That is why the greatest threat facing the world today is the marriage between religious fanaticism and the weapons of mass destruction.
The most urgent challenge facing this body is to prevent the tyrants of Tehran from acquiring nuclear weapons. Are the member states of the United Nations up to that challenge? Will the international community confront a despotism that terrorizes its own people as they bravely stand up for freedom?
Will it take action against the dictators who stole an election in broad daylight and gunned down Iranian protesters who died in the streets choking in their own blood? Will the international community thwart the world's most pernicious sponsors and practitioners of terrorism?
Above all, will the international community stop the terrorist regime of Iran from developing atomic weapons, thereby endangering the peace of the entire world?
The people of Iran are courageously standing up to this regime. People of goodwill around the world stand with them, as do the thousands who have been protesting outside this hall. Will the United Nations stand by their side?
The jury is still out on the United Nations, and recent signs are not encouraging. Rather than condemning the terrorists and their Iranian patrons, some here have condemned their victims. That is exactly what a recent UN report on Gaza did, falsely equating the terrorists with those they targeted.
For eight long years, Hamas fired from Gaza thousands of missiles, mortars and rockets on nearby Israeli cities. Year after year, as these missiles were deliberately hurled at our civilians, not a single UN resolution was passed condemning those criminal attacks. We heard nothing - absolutely nothing - from the UN Human Rights Council, a misnamed institution if there ever was one.
In 2005, hoping to advance peace, Israel unilaterally withdrew from every inch of Gaza. It dismantled 21 settlements and uprooted over 8,000 Israelis. We didn't get peace. Instead we got an Iranian backed terror base fifty miles from Tel Aviv. Life in Israeli towns and cities next to Gaza became a nightmare. You see, the Hamas rocket attacks not only continued, they increased tenfold. Again, the UN was silent.
Finally, after eight years of this unremitting assault, Israel was finally forced to respond. But how should we have responded? Well, there is only one example in history of thousands of rockets being fired on a country's civilian population. It happened when the Nazis rocketed British cities during World War II. During that war, the allies leveled German cities, causing hundreds of thousands of casualties. Israel chose to respond differently. Faced with an enemy committing a double war crime of firing on civilians while hiding behind civilians - Israel sought to conduct surgical strikes against the rocket launchers.
That was no easy task because the terrorists were firing missiles from homes and schools, using mosques as weapons depots and ferreting explosives in ambulances. Israel, by contrast, tried to minimize casualties by urging Palestinian civilians to vacate the targeted areas.
We dropped countless flyers over their homes, sent thousands of text messages and called thousands of cell phones asking people to leave. Never has a country gone to such extraordinary lengths to remove the enemy's civilian population from harm's way.
Yet faced with such a clear case of aggressor and victim, who did the UN Human Rights Council decide to condemn? Israel. A democracy legitimately defending itself against terror is morally hanged, drawn and quartered, and given an unfair trial to boot.
By these twisted standards, the UN Human Rights Council would have dragged Roosevelt and Churchill to the dock as war criminals. What a perversion of truth. What a perversion of justice.
Delegates of the United Nations,
Will you accept this farce?
Because if you do, the United Nations would revert to its darkest days, when the worst violators of human rights sat in judgment against the law-abiding democracies, when Zionism was equated with racism and when an automatic majority could declare that the earth is flat.
If this body does not reject this report, it would send a message to terrorists everywhere: Terror pays; if you launch your attacks from densely populated areas, you will win immunity. And in condemning Israel, this body would also deal a mortal blow to peace. Here's why.
When Israel left Gaza, many hoped that the missile attacks would stop. Others believed that at the very least, Israel would have international legitimacy to exercise its right of self-defense. What legitimacy? What self-defense?
The same UN that cheered Israel as it left Gaza and promised to back our right of self-defense now accuses us -my people, my country - of war crimes? And for what? For acting responsibly in self-defense. What a travesty!
Israel justly defended itself against terror. This biased and unjust report is a clear-cut test for all governments. Will you stand with Israel or will you stand with the terrorists?
We must know the answer to that question now. Now and not later. Because if Israel is again asked to take more risks for peace, we must know today that you will stand with us tomorrow. Only if we have the confidence that we can defend ourselves can we take further risks for peace.
All of Israel wants peace.
Any time an Arab leader genuinely wanted peace with us, we made peace. We made peace with Egypt led by Anwar Sadat. We made peace with Jordan led by King Hussein. And if the Palestinians truly want peace, I and my government, and the people of Israel, will make peace. But we want a genuine peace, a defensible peace, a permanent peace. In 1947, this body voted to establish two states for two peoples - a Jewish state and an Arab state. The Jews accepted that resolution. The Arabs rejected it.
We ask the Palestinians to finally do what they have refused to do for 62 years: Say yes to a Jewish state. Just as we are asked to recognize a nation-state for the Palestinian people, the Palestinians must be asked to recognize the nation state of the Jewish people. The Jewish people are not foreign conquerors in the Land of Israel. This is the land of our forefathers.
Inscribed on the walls outside this building is the great Biblical vision of peace: "Nation shall not lift up sword against nation. They shall learn war no more." These words were spoken by the Jewish prophet Isaiah 2,800 years ago as he walked in my country, in my city, in the hills of Judea and in the streets of Jerusalem.
We are not strangers to this land. It is our homeland. As deeply connected as we are to this land, we recognize that the Palestinians also live there and want a home of their own. We want to live side by side with them, two free peoples living in peace, prosperity and dignity.
But we must have security. The Palestinians should have all the powers to govern themselves except those handful of powers that could endanger Israel.
That is why a Palestinian state must be effectively demilitarized. We don't want another Gaza, another Iranian backed terror base abutting Jerusalem and perched on the hills a few kilometers from Tel Aviv.
We want peace.
I believe such a peace can be achieved. But only if we roll back the forces of terror, led by Iran, that seek to destroy peace, eliminate Israel and overthrow the world order. The question facing the international community is whether it is prepared to confront those forces or accommodate them.
Over seventy years ago, Winston Churchill lamented what he called the "confirmed unteachability of mankind," the unfortunate habit of civilized societies to sleep until danger nearly overtakes them.
Churchill bemoaned what he called the "want of foresight, the unwillingness to act when action will be simple and effective, the lack of clear thinking, the confusion of counsel until emergency comes, until self-preservation strikes its jarring gong."
I speak here today in the hope that Churchill's assessment of the "unteachibility of mankind" is for once proven wrong.
I speak here today in the hope that we can learn from history -- that we can prevent danger in time.
In the spirit of the timeless words spoken to Joshua over 3,000 years ago, let us be strong and of good courage. Let us confront this peril, secure our future and, God willing, forge an enduring peace for generations to come.
Hat tip: Dan from New York.
Labels: extremism, Obama, War
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CONTACT THA MESSAGE
Tha MESSAGE is no stranger to struggle, born into a blue collar family with a long line of field and mill workers. His father a diesel mechanic, worked long hours and many different shifts to support his mother and him. His mother worked different jobs throughout the years but due to her bouts with Bi-polar, it was very difficult to hold down a job. Throughout his youth he moved many times, being forced to try to fit in, he was often teased about his weight among other thing such as his own struggle with being bi-polar and ADHD. His family eventually settled in in his fathers' home state of Idaho, after moving from his native state of North Carolina and then from Arizona prior to his move to the Northwest.
Tha MESSAGE began his love affair with music after his grandmother passed away, she was a published author and passed before she could see her first book published. He made the promise to himself to take on her legacy and to continue working through his words just like she had. He started simply by writing poetry and then that transitioned into rhyme. In 2003 after receiving his first portable CD player and a rap CD, he was inspired by the tracks he heard. He soon found that hip hop could speak to him and soothe his soul. He then started the slow but steady journey into becoming one of the best artists in his state. Before he knew it, his headphones became as familiar to him as any part of his body, he would often spend hours closed up in his room listening to his favorite rappers and writing his own rhymes along to their songs.
Soon after having a string of conflicts with his principal and school staff he dropped out of school to pursue a career in music. Around that same time his family had lost their home, and he found out that his mother had secretly become a meth addict which further intensified the conflicts within his home life. Thus his music became even more important as his only form of release. His mother surprised him with his first piece of recording equipment, An ancient karaoke machine with dual tape recorders and a 20 dollar microphone from Radio Shack. After that it was magic, he started recording on any beat he could find even holding his mic up to speakers to record a beat to cut a track on. As his skills progressed so did his knowledge, being a self taught artist he soon learned of the ability to record on software. So he upped his game, spreading like wild fire across the Northwest scene through word to mouth and as time progressed he began to develop his persona.
He first chose the name MESSAGE because he felt as if his music served a purpose, he wanted to spread a message of hope or awareness to the masses all while delivering lyrics that everyone on the struggle can relate to. Once being quoted saying " at the end of the day if my music doesn't touch your soul and fill your heart with hope, then I haven't done my job as an artist" he soon grew to a high underground level with countless high reviews from A&R, numerous collabs, a full length mixtape, over forty thousand plays with just word of mouth support, a global fan list, 2 magazine reviews and one feature. He left home when he turned 18, that's when his journey into true poverty began. Due to being in the heat of the recession he had trouble finding work and lived for 2 months on nothing more than 10 dollars a week, after finally finding work through a staffing agency he was still only able to pay his bills, and eventually paid a physical and emotional price by losing 30 pounds due to high stress and malnourishment.
Things eventually went sour and he spent a short stint back home with his parents before moving in with his fiance. Life seemed to finally be coming together for him but that was short lived. Again struggling to find work and having disagreements with his fiance, he began to look for an out, he soon found one in Spice. Spice was a street drug that was legal at the time and provided a way way for him to 'get away" from his problems. But unknown to him the Spice he was using was being cut with Bathsalts which made it a chemical equivalent of PCP and meth mixed together, and which made him spiral into a deep addiction. After a long and hellish 8 months of battling his new vice he finally was able to quit the use of the drug during a trip to NYC to meet with his first major label, Shady Records owned by Eminem.
He spent two days in his hotel room going through detox waiting for the day of his meeting, though he did not get a deal from this encounter with Shady Records he was offered insider advice on the industry and had his now current name Tha MESSAGE coined. After returning home and spending two more weeks in detox he began having nervous breakdowns, he became suicidal, and in deep depression but thanks to the support of his fiance, family, and friends he was able to pick himself back up and continue working on his passion. But even this repreeve was almost cut short as well after being arrested and put in county jail on charges that stemmed from his time as an addict. After serving his time and finally being released, he made the choice to start to better himself and stop letting foolish things stand in the way of his dreams.
Now Tha MESSAGE has come back full force using each of his demons as fuel to an ever burning fire that continues to drive him to greatness. His music is filled with the raw emotion and passion all of his struggles have inspired. He still feels his time is coming very soon. He knows he destined for something amazing, and he intends to never stop until he finally gets the industry recognition he deserves and hopes that all his fans will continue to support him and help him to continue to spread..."Tha MESSAGE!"
WE DROP HEAT
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Justin Timberlake New Album "Man of the Woods" [Stream]
By DJ Nicho Published: February 2, 2018 6:31 am
Justin Timberlake delivered his highly anticipated new album Man of the Woods.
The project is the long-awaited follow-up to his 2013 LP, The 20/20 Experience. Timberlake debut the new album just in time for his performance next Sunday at the Super Bowl LII Halftime Show. Man of the Woods comes with 16 tracks with a few guest spots from Alicia Keys on "Morning Light" and Chris Stapleton on the previously released single "Say Something."
On the production side of the album, you can expect footprints from Timbaland, Chad Hugo, Danja, and Pharrell Williams. The R&B singer currently has two of the songs from the album, "Supplies" and "Filthy," on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. The singles are at No. 71 and No. 9 respectively.
During a recent interview with Apple Music's Beats 1 radio, Justin Timberlake revealed that the album was inspired by his son, Silas, whose name means "of the woods." "Every album I've done before that was about aspiration," he said. "Everything before Man of the Woods is aspiration and Man of the Woods really is the inspiration. When you have kids, all of a sudden, you're faced with your own childhood."
Stream Justin Timberlake new album Man of the Woods below.
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Studies show that people use their Facebook profiles to present themselves in exceedingly favorable lights. Our profile pictures portray us as the paragon of beauty and spontaneity; our "About Me" sections contain profound ruminations about complex philosophical issues. We embellish our "Favorite Quotes" sections with insightful witticisms by the likes of Gandhi and Einstein, which purportedly mirror our own life philosophies.
Needless to say, it's best to examine the contents of a person's profile with a grain of salt. Where, then, should the weary Facebook observer venture for an accurate snapshot of friends' thoughts and opinions?
Surprise, surprise – look no further than their Facebook groups.
And we can't forget the Facebook pages of which they are fans, as it appears that fan pages are supplanting groups as the Facebook community's method of self-expression.
Me? I'm personally a fan of "Yelling at inanimate objects." I think it's a refreshingly open forum in which I can find acceptance for my irrational outbursts of anger at my malfunctioning laptop. The same goes for my favorite groups such as, "Awkward moments define my life" and "I judge you when you use poor grammar." It's true, you know! I have a knack for finding myself in awkward situations and you'd best refrain from dropping your double negatives on me.
However, I've also observed that not all groups or fan pages are created equal, and that their attributes reflect upon their members in curious ways.
For instance, you have the fan pages that are trying a tad too hard to be profound and emotional, such as "Play the laughter, Pause the memories, Stop the pain, Rewind the happiness." This group inserts the «play» and «pause» symbols that appear on DVD players. I must have not paid attention in class that day, because I'm not sure what part of the English language the pause symbol occupies.
Then there are the unnecessary and pointless, as evidenced by the quizzical "I Stand In The Shower For An Hour Because I Like Hot Water." The thing is, the bathroom is a sanctified place – a private area by nature of the activities one performs within its boundaries. Therefore, your showering preferences shouldn't merit a Facebook fan page, which makes public a previously confidential matter. Guys, we don't need to know that you like your water the way you like your women: hot.
You also wouldn't go on a first date and tell your counterpart, "I like candlelit dinners, I enjoy long walks on the beach, and I stand in the shower for an hour because I like hot water." And then wink in a suggestive manner … that is, unless you were dating someone who is also a fan of this page, in which case you have my permission to also tell her about your cold water fetish.
Well, I don't about you, but I didn't realize that these alphanumeric arrangements resembled these shapes and symbols until I came across their pages. But to those persevering souls who toiled in obscurity to reveal these truths: the world thanks you. Really.


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Metropolitan Cathedral (Catedral Metropolitana)
#9 in Best Things To Do in Santiago
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Free, Churches/Religious Sites Type
Less than 1 hour Time to Spend
Flanking the western edge of the Plaza de Armas, this neoclassical cathedral has a history that stretches back to 1541 when Spanish conquistador and city founder Pedro de Valdivia requested a place of worship be constructed at the edge of Santiago's colonial square. However, a fire tore through the first structure, and two buildings constructed in its place were destroyed after major earthquakes in 1647 and 1730. The towering cathedral that stands today underwent construction around 1750, and in the 1780s, Italian architect Joaquín Toesca added a new twist: a blend of neoclassical style with baroque elements. The result is an interior that boasts intricate stained-glass windows and an elaborate altar ornamented with marble and deep blue lapis lazuli.
Although you'll have to battle dense crowds to experience this site, recent visitors agree that the cathedral is a must-see site. "Do not miss this beautiful cathedral. Everything is just stunning, from the floor tiles to the frescoed ceilings," raved one TripAdvisor user.
Visitors are welcome to explore the church for free from 9 a.m. to 7 p.m. Monday through Saturday, and 9 a.m. to noon on Sundays. Depending on when you visit, you may encounter Mass; be respectful of ongoing religious services by keeping your voice down and your camera flash off. You'll find the cathedral bordering the Plaza de Armas in Santiago's central district. To reach the cathedral, take Line 5 to the Plaza de Armas metro station.
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#1 Bellavista
Beckoning to an artsy crowd, the Bellavista neighborhood features graffiti-lined streets with cafes, art galleries and boutique shops. Here, you'll find inventive cocktail bars and eclectic eateries rubbing shoulders with antique homes and colonial mansions. Spend some time exploring La Chascona — the former home of celebrated poet Pablo Neruda — before scouring the Patio Bellavista shopping area for souvenirs. Also be sure to continue north to take in the scenery from Santiago's crown jewel: St. Christopher Hill, a nearly 3,000-foot high hill tucked inside Metropolitan Park.
The creative energy, trend-setting boutiques and laid-back vibes found in Bellavista make this a popular hangout spot among travelers and locals alike. And according to some recent visitors, the best way to experience it all is by wandering away from the main drag, Pío Nono. "This place is like an outdoor art museum. Between the colorful houses and the street art there seems to be a surprise around every corner," one TripAdvisor user said.
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#1 in Best Foodie Cities in the U.S.
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The Canyon's Edge (Hardcover)
By Dusti Bowling
Hatchet meets Long Way Down in this heartfelt and gripping novel in verse about a young girl's struggle for survival after a climbing trip with her father goes terribly wrong.
One year after a random shooting changed their family forever, Nora and her father are exploring a slot canyon deep in the Arizona desert, hoping it will help them find peace. Nora longs for things to go back to normal, like they were when her mother was still alive, while her father keeps them isolated in fear of other people. But when they reach the bottom of the canyon, the unthinkable happens: A flash flood rips across their path, sweeping away Nora's father and all of their supplies.
Suddenly, Nora finds herself lost and alone in the desert, facing dehydration, venomous scorpions, deadly snakes, and, worst of all, the Beast who has terrorized her dreams for the past year. If Nora is going to save herself and her father, she must conquer her fears, defeat the Beast, and find the courage to live her new life.
Don't miss Dusti Bowling's new novel, Dust, available for preorder now.
Dusti Bowling is the bestselling author of Insignificant Events in the Life of a Cactus,24 Hours in Nowhere, Momentous Events in the Life of a Cactus, and The Canyon's Edge. Dusti holds a B.S. in Psychology and lives in Arizona with her husband, three daughters, a dozen tarantulas, a gopher snake named Burrito, a king snake name Death Noodle, and a cockatiel named Gandalf the Grey.
Juvenile Fiction / Action & Adventure / Survival Stories
Juvenile Fiction / Social Themes / Death, Grief, Bereavement
Juvenile Fiction / Social Themes / Violence
Juvenile Fiction / Sports & Recreation / Camping & Outdoor Activities
Juvenile Fiction / Poetry
Paperback (September 14th, 2021): $7.99
Hardcover, Large Print (September 16th, 2020): $32.19
Publisher: Little, Brown Books for Young Readers
Publication Date: September 8th, 2020
Praise for The Canyon's Edge:
A 2020 Chicago Public Library Best of the Best Kids Book
* "...stunning.... an edge-of-your-seat read."—Kirkus Reviews, starred review
* "...this emotionally resonant survival tale is a must-have."—School Library Journal, starred review
* "....powerful..a triumphant story of healing and bravery."—Booklist, starred review
* "A fast-paced, gripping novel…the high level of tension and the emotional pull of Bowling's writing make this a praiseworthy, adventure-filled story."—Publishers Weekly, starred review
"...beautifully written. [Dusti] Bowling is a master storyteller."—Midwest Book Review
"A powerful, heart-thumping story about survival and the inner strength it takes to reclaim life after trauma. Nora shows us that it's possible to emerge stronger than we've ever been before."—Ann Braden, award-winning author of The Benefits of Being an Octopus
"You won't be able to stop turning pages of this gripping, unforgettable novel with emotional depth and resonance as you cheer for Nora to conquer her inner and outer beasts."—Donna Gephart, award-winning author of Lily and Dunkin, The Paris Project, and Abby, Tried and True
"A haunting, heart-pounding story of survival, brilliantly told in verse. The Canyon's Edgewill inspire, uplift and resonate. I loved it!"—Barbara Dee, author of Maybe He Just Likes You and My Life in the Fish Tank
"A gutsy, page-turning tale of courage, survival, and healing, told in dynamic verse. The Canyon's Edge is powerful, unflinching, and full of heart."—Chris Baron, author of All of Me
"Thrilling."—BookPage


text:
Q: Finding a Polynomial Root I need to solve a problem which involves finding the root of the following polynomial:
(l) = [(w.n.l + (1+r)k - k1 - g)^(-(1/sigma))].w.n - gamma.(l)^(1/phi),

The problem is that the monotonicity of f(l) depends on the set of given parameters (w,n,r,k,k1,g,sigma,phi).
When [(1+r)k - k1 -g] < 0, then f(l) is not monotonic, having more than one root. Someone can help me to find all these roots on Matlab?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Dorich House Museum
Studio Home of Dora Gordine & Richard Hare
Research & Archive
Squatter Years
The Building Renovation
Photo: Dorich House Museum Archive
The sensitive restoration of Dorich House commenced in 1994, following the appointment of the architects David Brown and Partners. When completed two years later, an article in the Surrey County Magazine in October 1996 concluded "The restoration aimed to recreate the atmosphere of the calm and focused lives of Dora and Richard's heyday in the first 'modern era' of our century, before the intrusive noises of the electronic age shattered the peace".
Architect Sally Brown, who worked on the project, recalled the enormous amount of research that took place in preparation in order to respond to the brief of minimum intervention and a renovation "completely in sympathy with the original building". Documentation from the National Monuments Records Centre in Swindon (now the Historic England Archive) including photographs, press cuttings and information about the original materials and finishes of Dorich House aided this research.
A team of consultants was chosen to work alongside David Brown and Partners and their first task was to carry out a series of investigative works to evaluate the condition of the building and determine the remedial actions required to restore and convert it for University use. Reviewing the refurbishment of Dorich House in The Architects' Journal in September 1996, Andrew Mead described how the building would "serve various educational purposes for the university while showing, to their advantage, the artworks that Gordine both made and collected."
Once the initial investigative works had been carried out, including a thorough and accurate assessment of the entire plot, a full set of plans, elevations, sections and detail drawings were produced by the architects. These documented the house alterations and the works involved in modifying the landscaping. In a recent interview, Sally Brown recalled some of the key considerations in the refurbishment of the house.
David Brown and Partners drawing. Dorich House Museum Archive
A major part of the restoration was "to make the building watertight". There was serious water ingress on the top floor in the apartment and in the first floor modelling studio. On the top floor terrace and sleeping area "the roofing had to be completely lifted because the whole thing was leaking like a sieve". The roof was stripped to slab level, re-insulated and re-asphalted. "But in putting the new paving down and the new roofing it was designed so that it looked like the original quarry tile paving on the top terrace".
Photos: Dorich House Museum/Ellie Laycock
Another extensive part of the restoration project was the replacement of the windows, which had rusted to such a degree that this was the only course of action. The window subcontractor, Clement Brothers, still produced the original metal sections used at Dorich House and, in addition, had developed a method for double-glazing and weather stripping which was adopted throughout. As Brown explained, an added complication was the fact that the "big windows in the main studio and under studio… had to have new structural steelwork".
Brickwork and Exterior Finishes
The house, built with cavity walls for the most part, solid in places, required small areas of the unusual brickwork to be replaced, most obviously beneath the two large lunettes on the north elevation. Sally Brown explained that Gordine "used bricks that were in current use in the 1930's for making railway cuttings and railway embankments… very industrial semi-engineering bricks which are quite hard… and we needed to have something to match. There was this tiny brickworks in Wales that was still making them. And we were able to source enough to do what remedial brickwork was needed on the outside to match what was there".
Externally, Brown explained the difficulty in sourcing suitable materials and finishes, noting of the unusual pink drainpipes and pink render on the roof terrace – "that's how they were originally… we had to take off the original pink render around the top and find a substitute for it. And it did come up slightly brighter than the original. But we had to find products that would more or less completely copy what was there".
Internal Alterations and Building Regulations
David Brown and Partners photo boards. Dorich House Museum Archive
In order to convert Dorich House for University use, a number of internal alterations were required to bring it up to modern standards. A formal Change of Use under Planning and Building Regulations had to be obtained. In addition, as the building was Grade II listed, any alterations required Listed Building Consent. On the first floor, the suite of rooms that had comprised Gordine's modelling studio and gallery had to be separated with new fire doors.
The required separation of the floors was achieved by the provision of a new partition at the head of the stairs from first to second floor, with an inward opening door to the top floor apartment. Sally Brown recalled that the flat had to have its own separate escape method and that "By great good fortune there was a tiny space off the kitchen in the flat, which housed originally a dumb waiter which went from that level down to the boiler room at the back and out into the garden which she [Dora Gordine] used for shopping and such things… so we were able to get a spiral staircase there…that was extremely fortunate because otherwise we would have had to put a ghastly construction on the back with a staircase attached".
On the first floor, Brown explained "We had to introduce the big double doors that go into the main studio and into the gallery". Prior to this, there had only been a curtain separating the gallery and nothing but an open arch into the modelling studio. Brown recalled the sourcing of the bronze door handles for these new fire doors, which "seemed to be absolutely right for the doors we'd designed". Not custom made, but unusual and in the spirit of the 1930's house design.
On the ground floor, alterations to the space included the conversion of the garage into an internal store and an externally accessed meter area by the insertion of a new wall. Ground floor toilets were incorporated, together with two office spaces, one in Richard Hare's former study and the other in the maid's former bedroom. The plaster studio was, as Brown explained, "brought back to how it had been" and included the restoration of the original manual sculpture hoist to bring it back into use.
In Gordine's time, wrought iron gates were added to the staircase for security. These were removed when the building was renovated and were incorporated into the new hardwood doors at the entrance to the house.
Photo: Dorich House Museum/Ellie Laycock
Interior Finishes, Decorations and Services
The original hardwood jarrah flooring which flowed from the entrance right up through to the top floor apartment was largely in reasonable condition, apart from the floor in the modelling studio, which Brown recalled was severely water damaged. Fortunately, they were able to lift the timber and source wood to patch and repair, bringing the floors back into good condition.
The hard wearing terracotta quarry tile in the plaster studio was in good condition and required minimal work to restore.
Internally, Brown recalled the paint colours when she first arrived on site, "I recollect they had to do with the filming that was done there. They painted the entire thing this macabre greyish purple colour". Fortunately though, Brown continued, "We found in old documentation, a list of the original colours that were specified. And so we were able to almost throughout the building, bring back the colours Dora originally had. And in the case of the studios, the texture that was on the walls, which was as near as possible to the original, which we did by using masonry paint…even the yellow up in the kitchen was as originally specified".
Another unusual feature of the building was the heating. Brown remembers "huge hot water pipes embedded in the corners between the floors and the walls" which had to be removed and replaced with small pipes "and radiators that looked as period as possible".
Fixtures and Fittings and Furnishings
Careful attention was given to the lighting. New spotlights were added to the modelling studio, apartment and the offices, but fittings designed by Gordine were restored, including the unusual light fittings made from rice workers' hats in the plaster and modelling studios. To the disbelief of the contractors, Brown explained that they "spent quite a lot of money having some of the best of them [rice workers hats] put in the plaster studio and modelling studio. We put aluminium supports in them to make them usable and modern day and suspend them properly".
Fortunately, many of the building's unique details required minimal work to restore. The original fireplaces, the moon doors in the top floor apartment and the stair balustrade details were not in need of major refurbishment and with careful attention were returned to their original appearance.
Furnishing Additions
Towards the end of the project, the architects were commissioned to furnish the apartment in a style that complemented the 1930s. Rugs were commissioned from Jason Collingwood and a new sofa and armchairs purchased for the living room. A new dining table and buffet were designed by Sally Brown to be used by University staff and visitors and to sit alongside smaller items of original furniture from the house.
In 1998, the success of the refurbishment was recognised with a prestigious Civic Trust commendation. The scheme marks exceptional architectural and environmental projects around the UK and the citation described the building as "making a valuable contribution to the quality and appearance of the environment". The commendation was also a tribute to the hard work and dedication of the project team.
Looking back at the awful condition of Dorich House when she and David were first invited to renovate it, and at what they and all those involved had achieved, Sally Brown concluded "It was an astonishing project to be involved in, really lucky. Yes – you see through the mess!"
David Brown and Partners drawings, Dorich House Museum Archive
David Brown and Partners kindly donated their architectural plans and records of the renovation of Dorich House to the museum's archive. As part of this strand of the project, with training from our project archivist Nancy Lyons, our volunteers have photographed and catalogued the architectural plans. Staff at Kingston School of Art's state-of-the-art photography facilities supported them to develop their skills in digitising the large format plans and records. These plans are now available for Kingston University staff and students to access as a learning resource and provide a valuable record of the works undertaken.
Published as part of the project The Squatter Years: Recovering Dorich House Museum's Recent Past, funded by the National Lottery Heritage Fund, February 2021.
I consent to Dorich House Museum collecting and storing my data from this form. *Please see our privacy notice
67 Kingston Vale
SW15 3RN
dorichhousemuseum@kingston.ac.uk
©2022 Dorich House Museum


text:
South Dakota, South Dakota smaller cities, South Dakota smallest towns
Pennington County, SD
Pennington County, South Dakota (SD)
County population in 2019: 113,775 (79% urban, 21% rural); it was 88,565 in 2000
County owner-occupied with a mortgage or a loan houses and condos in 2010: 17,968
County owner-occupied free and clear houses and condos in 2010: 8,824
County owner-occupied houses and condos in 2000: 22,931
Renter-occupied apartments: 14,459 (it was 11,710 in 2000)
Land area: 2776 sq. mi.
Population density: 41 people per square mile (average).
March 2019 cost of living index in Pennington County: 83.3 (low, U.S. average is 100)
Industries providing employment: Educational, health and social services (23.0%), Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation and food services (13.3%), Retail trade (11.7%).
Type of workers:
Private wage or salary: 78%
Government: 16%
Self-employed, not incorporated: 6%
Unpaid family work: 0%
88,30179.3%White Non-Hispanic Alone
9,3418.4%American Indian and Alaska Native alone
5,9265.3%Hispanic or Latino
4,5844.1%Two or more races
1,4711.3%Asian alone
1,3171.2%Black Non-Hispanic Alone
2160.2%Some other race alone
1980.2%Native Hawaiian and Other
Pacific Islander alone
South Dakota median age:
Males: 57,880 (50.9%)
Females: 55,895 (49.1%)
Recent posts about Pennington County, South Dakota on our local forum with over 2,200,000 registered users. Pennington County is mentioned 31 times on our forum:
Gay Family Considering a Relocation to Rapid City in 2020 (82 replies)
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People leaving RC (4 replies)
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Pennington County:
South Dakota:
Estimated median household income in 2019: $58,085 ($37,485 in 1999)
This county:
Median contract rent in 2019 for apartments: $742 (lower quartile is $572, upper quartile is $948)
Estimated median house or condo value in 2019: $201,500 (it was $83,800 in 2000)
Pennington:
In 2-unit structures: $216,306
In 3-to-4-unit structures: $159,762
In 5-or-more-unit structures: $163,788
Median monthly housing costs for homes and condos with a mortgage: $1,402
Median monthly housing costs for units without a mortgage: $529
Institutionalized population: 1,430
Crime in 2005 (reported by the sheriff's office or county police, not the county total):
Murders: 1
Rapes: 44
Robberies: 1
Assaults: 29
Burglaries: 137
Thefts: 469
Auto thefts: 27
Health of residents in Pennington County based on CDC Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey Questionnaires from 2013 to 2019:
General health status score of residents in this county from 1 (poor) to 5 (excellent) is 3.5. This is about average.
74.4% of residents exercised in the past month. This is about average.
48.9% of residents smoked 100+ cigarettes in their lives. This is about average.
53.8% of adult residents drank alcohol in the past 30 days. This is less than average.
71.3% of residents visited a dentist within the past year. This is about average.
Average weight of males is 199 pounds. This is more than average.
Average weight of females is 162 pounds. This is about average.
General health status score of residents in this county from 1 (poor) to 5 (excellent) is 3.6. This is better than average.
51.6% of residents smoked 100+ cigarettes in their lives. This is more than average.
74.3% of adult residents drank alcohol in the past 30 days. This is about average.
Average weight of males is 196 pounds. This is about average.
49.4% of residents keep firearms around their homes. This is more than average.
Single-family new house construction building permits:
1997: 301 buildings, average cost: $102,900
Graphs represent county-level data. Detailed 2008 Election Results
Percentage of residents living in poverty in 2019: 12.0%
(9.3% for White Non-Hispanic residents, 19.6% for Black residents, 21.9% for Hispanic or Latino residents, 50.8% for American Indian residents, 9.7% for Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander residents, 8.5% for other race residents, 21.3% for two or more races residents)
Median age of residents in 2019: 40.3 years old
(Males: 39.2 years old, Females: 41.4 years old)
(Median age for: White residents: 44.8 years old, Black residents: 29.2 years old, American Indian residents: 24.3 years old, Asian residents: 34.7 years old, Hispanic or Latino residents: 19.7 years old, Other race residents: 28.2 years old)
Area name: Rapid City, SD HUD Metro FMR Area
Fair market rent in 2006 for a 1-bedroom apartment in Pennington County is $530 a month.
Fair market rent for a 2-bedroom apartment is $667 a month.
Cities in this county include: Rapid City, Rapid Valley, Box Elder, Colonial Pine Hills, Ashland Heights, Wall, Hill City, Green Valley, Johnson Siding, New Underwood.
Pennington County has a predicted average indoor radon screening level between 2 and 4 pCi/L (pico curies per liter) - Moderate Potential
2018 air pollution in Pennington County:
Nitrogen Dioxide: 0.01 ppm (standard limit: 0.053 ppm). Near U.S. average.
Particulate Matter (PM10) Annual: 33.3 µg/m3. Above U.S. average.
Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Annual: 6.8 µg/m3(standard limit: 15.0 µg/m3). Near U.S. average.
Sulfur Oxides Annual: 0.000 ppm (standard limit: 0.03 ppm). Near U.S. average.
Local government website: www.co.pennington.sd.us
Click to draw/clear Pennington County borders
Neighboring counties: Alcona County, Michigan , Arenac County, Michigan , Clare County, Michigan , Eau Claire County, Wisconsin , Iosco County, Michigan , Kalkaska County, Michigan , Missaukee County, Michigan .
Unemployment in November 2020:
Current college students: 5,409
People 25 years of age or older with a high school degree or higher: 93.9%
People 25 years of age or older with a bachelor's degree or higher: 31.8%
Number of foreign born residents: 2,670 (60.3% naturalized citizens)
1,1712010 or later
Percentage of county residents living and working in this county: 95.1%
One, detached: 30,832
One, attached: 2,917
3 or 4: 2,075
5 to 9: 1,488
10 to 19: 3,294
50 or more: 931
Mobile homes: 5,280
Housing units in Pennington County with a mortgage: 17,393 (99 second mortgage, 1,759 home equity loan, 17 both second mortgage and home equity loan)
Houses without a mortgage: 12,895
58.6% with mortgage
Religion statistics for Pennington County
Adherents
Evangelical Protestant 16,338 67
Mainline Protestant 14,196 28
Catholic 7,072 10
Other 3,760 12
Black Protestant 186 1
Orthodox 60 1
None 59,336 -
Pennington County Religion Details
Source: Clifford Grammich, Kirk Hadaway, Richard Houseal, Dale E.Jones, Alexei Krindatch, Richie Stanley and Richard H.Taylor. 2012. 2010 U.S.Religion Census: Religious Congregations & Membership Study. Association of Statisticians of American Religious Bodies. Jones, Dale E., et al. 2002. Congregations and Membership in the United States 2000. Nashville, TN: Glenmary Research Center.
Food Environment Statistics:
Number of grocery stores: 16
1.66 / 10,000 pop.
Number of supercenters and club stores: 2
Number of convenience stores (no gas): 3
Number of convenience stores (with gas): 54
Number of full-service restaurants: 82
Adult diabetes rate:
Adult obesity rate:
Low-income preschool obesity rate:
Agriculture in Pennington County:
Average size of farms: 1738 acres
Average value of agricultural products sold per farm: $61,981
Average value of crops sold per acre for harvested cropland: $66.74
The value of livestock, poultry, and their products as a percentage of the total market value of agricultural products sold: 75.50%
Average total farm production expenses per farm: $59,725
Harvested cropland as a percentage of land in farms: 13.09%
Irrigated harvested cropland as a percentage of land in farms: 6.51%
Average market value of all machinery and equipment per farm: $59,655
The percentage of farms operated by a family or individual: 85.78%
Average age of principal farm operators: 56 years
Average number of cattle and calves per 100 acres of all land in farms: 4.85
Milk cows as a percentage of all cattle and calves: 0.67%
All wheat for grain: 42340 harvested acres
Vegetables: 6 harvested acres
Earthquake activity:
Pennington County-area historical earthquake activity is significantly above South Dakota state average. It is 370% greater than the overall U.S. average.
On 8/18/1959 at 06:37:13, a magnitude 7.7 (7.7 UK, Class: Major, Intensity: VIII - XII) earthquake occurred 375.3 miles away from Pennington County center, causing $26,000,000 total damage
On 10/18/1984 at 15:30:23, a magnitude 5.5 (5.4 MB, 5.1 MS, 5.5 ML, Class: Moderate, Intensity: VI - VII) earthquake occurred 168.6 miles away from the county center
On 10/28/1983 at 14:06:06, a magnitude 7.3 (6.2 MB, 7.3 MS, 7.0 MW) earthquake occurred 531.3 miles away from the county center, causing 2 deaths (2 shaking deaths) and 3 injuries, causing $15,000,000 total damage
On 9/8/1984 at 00:59:31, a magnitude 5.1 (5.1 MB) earthquake occurred 140.5 miles away from the county center
On 5/29/1984 at 20:18:32, a magnitude 5.0 (5.0 MB) earthquake occurred 142.5 miles away from Pennington County center
On 6/30/1975 at 18:54:13, a magnitude 6.1 (5.6 MB, 5.9 MS, 6.1 UK, 6.1 ML, Class: Strong, Intensity: VII - IX) earthquake occurred 379.7 miles away from the county center
Magnitude types: body-wave magnitude (MB), local magnitude (ML), surface-wave magnitude (MS), moment magnitude (MW)
Most recent natural disasters:
South Dakota Covid-19 Pandemic, Incident Period: January 20, 2020, FEMA Id: 4527, Natural disaster type: Other
South Dakota Severe Storms And Flooding, Incident Period: May 26, 2019 - June 7, 2019, FEMA Id: 4463, Natural disaster type: Storm, Flood
South Dakota Severe Winter Storm, Snowstorm, And Flooding, Incident Period: March 13, 2019 - April 26, 2019, FEMA Id: 4440, Natural disaster type: Snowstorm, Winter Storm, Flood
South Dakota Severe Winter Storm, Incident Period: December 24, 2016 - December 26, 2016, FEMA Id: 4298, Natural disaster type: Winter Storm
South Dakota Severe Winter Storm, Snowstorm, and Flooding, Incident Period: October 03, 2013 to October 17, 2013, Major Disaster (Presidential) Declared DR-4155: November 08, 2013, FEMA Id: 4155, Natural disaster type: Snowstorm, Winter Storm, Flood
South Dakota Hurricane Katrina Evacuation, Incident Period: September 06, 2005 to October 01, 2005, Emergency Declared EM-3234: September 10, 2005, FEMA Id: 3234, Natural disaster type: Hurricane
South Dakota Skyline #2 Fire, Incident Period: July 16, 2005 to July 17, 2005, Fire Management Assistance Declared: July 16, 2005, FEMA Id: 2569, Natural disaster type: Fire
South Dakota Mill Road Fire, Incident Period: November 20, 2003 to November 21, 2003, Fire Management Assistance Declared: November 20, 2003, FEMA Id: 2513, Natural disaster type: Fire
South Dakota Battle Creek Fire, Incident Period: August 16, 2002 to August 29, 2002, Fire Management Assistance Declared: August 18, 2002, FEMA Id: 2458, Natural disaster type: Fire
South Dakota Winter Storm, Incident Period: April 18, 2000 to April 20, 2000, Major Disaster (Presidential) Declared DR-1330: May 19, 2000, FEMA Id: 1330, Natural disaster type: Winter Storm
7 other natural disasters have been reported since 1953.
The number of natural disasters in Pennington County (17) is near the US average (15).
Major Disasters (Presidential) Declared: 8
Emergencies Declared: 2
Causes of natural disasters: Floods: 7, Winter Storms: 6, Fires: 3, Storms: 3, Snowstorms: 2, Blizzard: 1, Drought: 1, Heavy Rain: 1, Hurricane: 1, Other: 1 (Note: some incidents may be assigned to more than one category).
Means of transportation to work:
Drove a car alone: 52,033 (84.1%)
Carpooled: 5,131 (8.3%)
Bus: 386 (0.6%)
Light rail, streetcar or trolley: 12 (0.0%)
Ferryboat: 18 (0.0%)
Taxicab, motorcycle, or other means: 416 (0.7%)
Bicycle: 180 (0.3%)
Walked: 1,175 (1.9%)
Worked at home: 2,536 (4.1%)
Most common industries in 2019 (%)
Males Females
Health care and social assistance (28%)
Educational services (14%)
Retail trade (12%)
Accommodation and food services (12%)
Finance and insurance (8%)
Manufacturing (6%)
Construction (3%)
Most common occupations in 2019 (%)
Sales and related occupations (14%)
Construction and extraction occupations (11%)
Management occupations (10%)
Food preparation and serving related occupations (10%)
Transportation occupations (7%)
Production occupations (7%)
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations (6%)
Office and administrative support occupations (18%)
Educational instruction, and library occupations (11%)
Food preparation and serving related occupations (7%)
Healthcare support occupations (6%)
Health diagnosing and treating practitioners and other technical occupations (6%)
Philippines (13%)
Mexico (11%)
Korea (6%)
Germany (5%)
China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan (5%)
Jamaica (5%)
Canada (4%)
German (22%)
American (8%)
Norwegian (7%)
Irish (5%)
English (4%)
European (4%)
Dutch (1%)
People in group quarters in Pennington County, South Dakota in 2000:
757 people in college dormitories (includes college quarters off campus)
569 people in nursing homes
378 people in local jails and other confinement facilities (including police lockups)
260 people in other noninstitutional group quarters
178 people in homes for the mentally retarded
81 people in homes or halfway houses for drug/alcohol abuse
79 people in other group homes
41 people in religious group quarters
36 people in residential treatment centers for emotionally disturbed children
18 people in other workers' dormitories
15 people in mental (psychiatric) hospitals or wards
9 people in homes for the mentally ill
4 people in other nonhousehold living situations
659 people in college/university student housing
628 people in correctional residential facilities
538 people in nursing facilities/skilled-nursing facilities
203 people in emergency and transitional shelters (with sleeping facilities) for people experiencing homelessness
103 people in group homes intended for adults
100 people in state prisons
98 people in correctional facilities intended for juveniles
90 people in other noninstitutional facilities
52 people in residential treatment centers for juveniles (non-correctional)
45 people in workers' group living quarters and job corps centers
41 people in residential treatment centers for adults
8 people in hospitals with patients who have no usual home elsewhere
6 people in group homes for juveniles (non-correctional)
4 people in military barracks and dormitories (nondisciplinary)
Average gross adjusted income of non-migrant taxpayers in this county in 2010 was $66,586.
9.61% of this county's 2011 resident taxpayers lived in other counties in 2010 ($58,589 average adjusted gross income)
South Dakota average:
0.16% of residents moved from foreign countries ($804 average AGI)
3.05% relocated from other counties in South Dakota ($19,171 average AGI)
6.40% relocated from other states ($38,613 average AGI)
Top counties from which taxpayers relocated into this county between 2010 and 2011:
from Meade County, SD 1.20% ($36,338 average AGI)
from Lawrence County, SD 0.32% ($41,510)
from Minnehaha County, SD 0.24% ($40,964)
from Custer County, SD 0.19% ($52,659)
from Maricopa County, AZ 0.14% ($53,682)
from Hughes County, SD 0.09% ($49,477)
from Fall River County, SD 0.08% ($22,658)
8.79% of this county's 2010 resident taxpayers moved to other counties in 2011 ($47,718 average adjusted gross income)
0.10% of residents moved to foreign countries ($430 average AGI)
2.87% relocated to other counties in South Dakota ($13,947 average AGI)
5.81% relocated to other states ($33,342 average AGI)
Top counties to which taxpayers relocated from this county between 2010 and 2011:
to Meade County, SD 1.22% ($45,251 average AGI)
to Lawrence County, SD 0.28% ($50,992)
to Maricopa County, AZ 0.23% ($37,750)
to Custer County, SD 0.21% ($54,258)
to Minnehaha County, SD 0.17% ($41,671)
to Fall River County, SD 0.09% ($53,023)
to El Paso County, CO 0.08% ($44,639)
Births per 1000 population from 1990 to 1999: 16.6
Births per 1000 population from 2007 to 2019: 6.3
Deaths per 1000 population from 1990 to 1999: 7.0
Infant deaths per 1000 live births from 1990 to 1999: 8.9
Population without health insurance coverage in 2018: 13.2%
Persons under 19 years old without health insurance coverage in 2018: 6.1%
Percentage of population without health insurance coverage in Pennington County
All 18-64 40-64 50-64 Under 19
Persons enrolled in hospital insurance and/or supplemental medical insurance (Medicare) in July 1, 2007: 15,134 (12,477 aged, 2,657 disabled)
Children under 18 without health insurance coverage in 2007: 1,921 (7%)
Most common underlying causes of death in Pennington County, South Dakota in 1999 - 2019:
Acute myocardial infarction, unspecified (1,600)
Bronchus or lung, unspecified - Malignant neoplasms (1,070)
Atherosclerotic heart disease (985)
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, unspecified (698)
Alzheimer disease, unspecified (674)
Stroke, not specified as haemorrhage or infarction (408)
Unspecified dementia (316)
Breast, unspecified - Malignant neoplasms (257)
Pneumonia, unspecified (207)
Malignant neoplasm of prostate (191)
Population without health insurance coverage in 2000: 13%
Children under 18 without health insurance coverage in 2000: 9%
Short term general hospitals per 100,000 population in 2004: 2.16
Short term general hospital admissions per 100,000 population in 2004: 18,519
Short term general hospital beds per 100,000 population in 2004: 435
Emergency room visits per 100,000 population in 2004: 64,722
General practice office based MDs per 100,000 population in 2005: 1,632
Medical specialist MDs per 100,000 population in 2005: 692
Dentists per 100,000 population in 1998: 10
Total births per 100,000 population, July 2005 - July 2006 : 68
Total deaths per 100,000 population, July 2005 - July 2006: 118
Limited-service eating places per 100,000 population in 2005 : 16
Suicides per 1,000,000 population from 2000 to 2006: 143.3. This is more than state average.
Deaths per 1,000,000 population:
Firearm - 65.4
Poisoning - 42.1
Suffocation - 32.7
Other - 3.1
Households: 113,775
Male householders: 22,589 (6,745 living alone), Female householders: 22,087 (7,497 living alone)
21,787 spouses (21,575 opposite-sex spouses), 2,599 unmarried partners, (2,332 opposite-sex unmarried partners), 30,308 children (26,988 natural, 805 adopted, 2,515 stepchildren), 3,344 grandchildren, 179 brothers or sisters, 893 parents, 229 foster children, 1,360 other relatives, 4,249 non-relatives
In group quarters: 4,151
Size of family households: 15,951 2-persons, 4,598 3-persons, 4,335 4-persons, 1,689 5-persons, 418 6-persons, 565 7-or-more-persons.
Size of nonfamily households: 14,242 1-person, 2,663 2-persons, 38 3-persons, 118 4-persons, 59 5-persons.
14,243 married couples with children.
7,514 single-parent households (1,412 men, 6,102 women).
95.3% of residents of Pennington speak English at home.
1.6% of residents speak Spanish at home (72% speak English very well, 17% speak English well, 10% speak English not well).
0.8% of residents speak other Indo-European language at home (80% speak English very well, 11% speak English well, 9% speak English not well).
0.9% of residents speak Asian or Pacific Island language at home (55% speak English very well, 37% speak English well, 8% speak English not well).
1.2% of residents speak other language at home (95% speak English very well, 4% speak English well, 1% speak English not well).
In fiscal year 2004:
Federal Government expenditure: $758,251,000 ($8,186 per capita)
Department of Defense expenditure: $271,835,000
Federal direct payments to individuals for retirement and disability: $270,703,000
Federal other direct payments to individuals: $79,637,000
Federal direct payments not to individuals: $7,122,000
Federal grants: $143,895,000
Federal procurement contracts: $46,937,000 ($27,646,000 Department of Defense)
Federal salaries and wages: $209,958,000 ($163,277,000 Department of Defense)
Federal Government direct loans: $6,705,000
Federal guaranteed/insured loans: $70,356,000
Federal Government insurance: $63,411,000
Population change from April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2005:
Births: 7,664
82 per 1000 residents
Net international migration: +369
+4 per 1000 residents
Net internal migration: +878
Here: +9 per 1000 residents
State: -1 per 1000 residents
Total withdrawal of fresh water for public supply: 13.35 millions of gallons per day (all from ground)
Year house built in Pennington County, South Dakota
10,4451970 to 1979
2,6981939 or earlier
Rooms in houses/apartments in Pennington County, South Dakota
Rooms in owner-occupied houses in Pennington County, South Dakota
01 room
7163 rooms
3,1374 rooms
6,9869+ rooms
Rooms in renter-occupied apartments in Pennington County, South Dakota
6529+ rooms
Bedrooms in houses/apartments in Pennington County, South Dakota
Bedrooms in owner-occupied houses in Pennington County, South Dakota
12,6183 bedrooms
2,3655+ bedrooms
Bedrooms in renter-occupied apartments in Pennington County, South Dakota
552no bedroom
4,3281 bedroom
Cars and other vehicles available in Pennington County, South Dakota in houses/condos/apartments
Cars and other vehicles available in Pennington County in owner-occupied houses/condos
500no vehicle
6,0671 vehicle
12,5282 vehicles
1,6075+ vehicles
Cars and other vehicles available in Pennington County in renter-occupied apartments
1,912no vehicle
83.1% of Pennington County residents lived in the same house 1 years ago.
Out of people who lived in different counties, 48% lived in South Dakota.
State average:
Other state: 45,296
Northeast: 2,368
Midwest: 23,461
West: 13,733
Most commonly used house heating fuel in Pennington County
Houses and condos Apartments
2.7%Wood
0.7%Other fuel
0.3%Fuel oil, kerosene, etc.
Students in private schools in grades 1 to 8 (elementary and middle school): 1,680
Students in private schools in grades 9 to 12 (high school): 932
Students in private undergraduate colleges: 237
Expenditure Revenue Debt Cash and Securities
Pennington County government finances - Expenditure in 2018:
Charges - Other: $17,452,000
Regular Highways: $178,000
Natural Resources - Other: $121,000
Current Operations - Correctional Institutions: $13,382,000
Police Protection: $12,740,000
Judicial and Legal Services: $9,458,000
Regular Highways: $8,282,000
Corrections - Other: $5,216,000
General Public Buildings: $4,786,000
Financial Administration: $2,594,000
General - Other: $2,280,000
Public Welfare, Vendor Payments for Medical Care: $1,649,000
Central Staff Services: $1,632,000
Protective Inspection and Regulation - Other: $631,000
Local Fire Protection: $251,000
Parks and Recreation: $249,000
Public Welfare - Other: $120,000
Health - Other: $97,000
Federal Intergovernmental - Other: $2,496,000
General Local Government Support: $43,000
Long Term Debt - Retired Nonguaranteed - Public Debt for Private Purpose: $19,207,000
Beginning Outstanding - Public Debt for Private Purpose: $19,207,000
Beginning Outstanding - Unspecified Public Purpose: $4,003,000
Outstanding Unspecified Public Purpose: $3,710,000
Retired Unspecified Public Purpose: $293,000
Miscellaneous - Interest Earnings: $172,000
Donations From Private Sources: $116,000
General Revenue - Other: $116,000
Fines and Forfeits: $44,000
Other Funds - Cash and Securities: $74,452,000
State Intergovernmental - Highways: $7,336,000
Other: $1,827,000
Tax - Property: $31,969,000
Motor Vehicle License: $5,539,000
Public Utilities Sales: $1,229,000
Other License: $196,000
Other: $114,000
Motor Fuels Sales: $32,000
Public Utility License: $32,000
Pennington County government finances - Revenue in 2018:
Pennington County government finances - Debt in 2018:
Pennington County government finances - Cash and Securities in 2018:
Supplemental Security Income (SSI) in 2006:
Total number of recipients: 1,639
Number of aged recipients: 84
Number of blind and disabled recipients: 1,555
Number of recipients under 18: 264
Number of recipients between 18 and 64: 1,148
Number of recipients older than 64: 227
Number of recipients also receiving OASDI: 667
Amount of payments (thousands of dollars): 677
(Based on 20 full tracts)
LOANS ORIGINATED 567 $154,153 632 $151,964 2,551 $153,461 292 $67,216 10 $984,400 246 $177,537 158 $65,956
APPLICATIONS APPROVED, NOT ACCEPTED 19 $174,474 46 $151,652 238 $163,361 21 $33,095 0 $0 17 $176,647 18 $93,944
APPLICATIONS DENIED 84 $141,119 72 $147,375 555 $151,526 119 $32,345 4 $190,750 35 $134,286 85 $56,012
APPLICATIONS WITHDRAWN 47 $154,298 53 $169,623 488 $167,756 50 $73,540 0 $0 33 $156,303 31 $85,968
FILES CLOSED FOR INCOMPLETENESS 3 $171,000 2 $85,000 61 $159,721 3 $55,000 0 $0 7 $143,714 0 $0
APPLICATIONS DENIED 55 $148,345 165 $113,655 609 $150,834 167 $57,467 2 $4,224,000 52 $152,750 108 $55,231
FILES CLOSED FOR INCOMPLETENESS 4 $121,000 21 $140,143 81 $147,901 19 $53,211 0 $0 6 $130,333 2 $17,000
LOANS ORIGINATED 324 $157,210 1,658 $130,526 1,591 $113,173 359 $43,571 15 $743,133 334 $111,871 211 $63,621
APPLICATIONS APPROVED, NOT ACCEPTED 18 $157,667 169 $133,905 193 $128,161 46 $37,587 0 $0 23 $139,652 39 $74,487
APPLICATIONS DENIED 33 $149,091 236 $116,788 830 $133,355 175 $44,926 0 $0 65 $121,462 122 $55,000
APPLICATIONS WITHDRAWN 23 $155,739 113 $123,832 448 $132,029 49 $78,612 0 $0 32 $119,156 23 $53,261
FILES CLOSED FOR INCOMPLETENESS 4 $133,000 74 $138,000 152 $137,961 14 $91,714 0 $0 13 $131,154 2 $66,500
LOANS ORIGINATED 295 $153,092 2,078 $118,716 1,690 $99,676 441 $31,644 12 $1,351,000 448 $105,752 258 $55,128
APPLICATIONS DENIED 16 $116,375 382 $91,788 886 $112,620 191 $36,660 2 $125,000 63 $98,746 167 $51,820
APPLICATIONS WITHDRAWN 25 $142,440 206 $99,233 554 $126,787 64 $63,047 0 $0 51 $106,569 28 $75,607
LOANS ORIGINATED 278 $140,219 2,163 $111,303 1,962 $108,678 360 $31,881 17 $1,098,647 488 $96,908 239 $50,381
APPLICATIONS DENIED 17 $105,176 401 $87,923 1,052 $115,335 239 $39,536 0 $0 83 $103,771 211 $48,460
APPLICATIONS WITHDRAWN 16 $128,875 258 $117,957 533 $119,094 84 $52,167 1 $255,000 59 $106,915 32 $70,188
LOANS ORIGINATED 371 $124,879 1,798 $116,924 2,318 $103,346 323 $32,053 15 $290,000 460 $95,296 249 $45,839
APPLICATIONS APPROVED, NOT ACCEPTED 8 $123,375 186 $107,715 296 $101,699 45 $28,133 0 $0 27 $93,037 39 $47,077
APPLICATIONS DENIED 22 $113,364 303 $78,380 955 $94,332 236 $35,864 3 $239,000 77 $81,779 210 $38,190
APPLICATIONS WITHDRAWN 29 $123,345 145 $125,800 446 $118,939 59 $52,475 1 $68,000 29 $91,172 37 $56,595
FILES CLOSED FOR INCOMPLETENESS 5 $141,200 49 $116,959 296 $116,003 13 $37,692 0 $0 14 $85,357 9 $82,889
LOANS ORIGINATED 439 $122,027 1,470 $111,959 4,323 $107,678 257 $23,798 9 $1,106,444 492 $83,173
APPLICATIONS APPROVED, NOT ACCEPTED 7 $125,143 149 $96,396 279 $108,140 26 $30,000 0 $0 26 $64,346
APPLICATIONS DENIED 11 $144,545 250 $74,272 1,011 $94,979 136 $23,000 2 $125,500 68 $80,809
APPLICATIONS WITHDRAWN 27 $127,704 137 $122,350 642 $103,877 29 $26,690 1 $285,000 42 $88,357
FILES CLOSED FOR INCOMPLETENESS 9 $126,000 42 $105,452 141 $112,865 23 $36,652 0 $0 15 $71,333
LOANS ORIGINATED 409 $110,335 1,442 $100,020 2,697 $104,542 345 $20,090 8 $298,625 380 $71,708
APPLICATIONS APPROVED, NOT ACCEPTED 10 $97,400 158 $85,392 288 $91,396 31 $24,065 0 $0 19 $101,053
APPLICATIONS DENIED 19 $118,158 367 $53,518 621 $80,253 89 $23,753 3 $223,333 44 $51,500
APPLICATIONS WITHDRAWN 25 $115,560 109 $94,761 629 $94,776 36 $18,417 0 $0 31 $82,871
FILES CLOSED FOR INCOMPLETENESS 7 $134,714 42 $102,786 91 $94,582 11 $42,909 0 $0 8 $55,375
LOANS ORIGINATED 516 $99,643 1,321 $87,643 2,661 $93,602 405 $17,595 6 $523,500 302 $71,758
APPLICATIONS APPROVED, NOT ACCEPTED 9 $119,889 188 $62,112 184 $78,326 35 $15,943 0 $0 20 $68,550
APPLICATIONS DENIED 14 $84,286 348 $48,552 485 $62,936 111 $17,171 1 $120,000 33 $58,212
APPLICATIONS WITHDRAWN 17 $119,235 83 $94,795 647 $90,209 35 $25,314 1 $440,000 26 $66,308
FILES CLOSED FOR INCOMPLETENESS 0 $0 20 $88,000 95 $99,758 27 $21,815 0 $0 8 $80,625
LOANS ORIGINATED 463 $88,959 1,343 $76,311 716 $67,297 368 $15,049 4 $138,750 182 $62,324
APPLICATIONS APPROVED, NOT ACCEPTED 13 $89,154 259 $47,737 99 $45,848 51 $19,922 0 $0 13 $34,308
APPLICATIONS DENIED 15 $78,600 651 $40,309 394 $45,470 148 $18,818 0 $0 45 $39,600
APPLICATIONS WITHDRAWN 32 $85,406 131 $72,282 165 $54,855 14 $50,643 0 $0 10 $59,500
FILES CLOSED FOR INCOMPLETENESS 0 $0 14 $70,143 46 $67,130 6 $18,167 0 $0 3 $52,333
LOANS ORIGINATED 581 $83,919 1,278 $73,919 1,388 $68,326 444 $15,707 12 $81,583 239 $54,607
APPLICATIONS APPROVED, NOT ACCEPTED 10 $87,200 215 $51,516 144 $56,292 52 $19,250 0 $0 15 $56,867
APPLICATIONS DENIED 33 $83,091 820 $40,651 449 $48,788 165 $14,558 1 $37,000 40 $43,700
FILES CLOSED FOR INCOMPLETENESS 3 $81,667 6 $131,667 50 $67,820 1 $16,000 0 $0 2 $34,000
LOANS ORIGINATED 75 $171,520 95 $175,642 4 $109,500 0 $0
APPLICATIONS APPROVED, NOT ACCEPTED 16 $173,063 21 $177,381 0 $0 1 $146,000
APPLICATIONS DENIED 4 $162,250 13 $169,769 1 $90,000 0 $0
APPLICATIONS WITHDRAWN 2 $209,000 6 $154,500 0 $0 0 $0
FILES CLOSED FOR INCOMPLETENESS 2 $193,000 1 $144,000 0 $0 0 $0
LOANS ORIGINATED 310 $155,258 166 $178,036 28 $139,286 5 $129,400
APPLICATIONS APPROVED, NOT ACCEPTED 86 $144,919 58 $179,690 17 $118,235 2 $149,500
APPLICATIONS DENIED 11 $159,455 5 $200,800 2 $109,500 0 $0
APPLICATIONS WITHDRAWN 5 $166,800 1 $146,000 2 $122,500 0 $0
FILES CLOSED FOR INCOMPLETENESS 10 $158,800 7 $118,429 8 $139,625 0 $0
APPLICATIONS APPROVED, NOT ACCEPTED 72 $129,667 34 $174,794 6 $123,833 4 $109,750
APPLICATIONS DENIED 4 $124,000 2 $120,500 1 $175,000 0 $0
FILES CLOSED FOR INCOMPLETENESS 3 $121,000 1 $90,000 0 $0 0 $0
APPLICATIONS DENIED 1 $112,000 0 $0 1 $112,000 0 $0
APPLICATIONS WITHDRAWN 11 $158,182 10 $131,200 1 $85,000 0 $0
FILES CLOSED FOR INCOMPLETENESS 2 $82,000 2 $153,500 1 $194,000 0 $0
APPLICATIONS DENIED 6 $78,833 1 $110,000 2 $63,500 0 $0
APPLICATIONS WITHDRAWN 22 $149,000 8 $129,625 3 $87,000 0 $0
FILES CLOSED FOR INCOMPLETENESS 6 $102,667 3 $132,333 4 $94,750 0 $0
LOANS ORIGINATED 511 $125,256 243 $129,160 87 $93,920 13 $111,615
APPLICATIONS DENIED 5 $84,000 7 $87,000 6 $95,667 0 $0
LOANS ORIGINATED 375 $123,733 410 $120,327 54 $84,481
APPLICATIONS APPROVED, NOT ACCEPTED 57 $147,281 57 $131,281 7 $73,429
APPLICATIONS DENIED 5 $119,800 10 $111,300 1 $64,000
FILES CLOSED FOR INCOMPLETENESS 2 $172,000 4 $92,750 0 $0
APPLICATIONS APPROVED, NOT ACCEPTED 52 $116,327 42 $121,548 16 $74,188
FILES CLOSED FOR INCOMPLETENESS 3 $87,000 0 $0 2 $64,000
APPLICATIONS APPROVED, NOT ACCEPTED 30 $101,867 30 $98,700 13 $59,923
APPLICATIONS DENIED 2 $68,500 10 $102,900 3 $99,667
APPLICATIONS WITHDRAWN 3 $99,667 4 $102,000 1 $140,000
FILES CLOSED FOR INCOMPLETENESS 2 $94,000 1 $126,000 1 $67,000
LOANS ORIGINATED 279 $101,659 34 $106,882 26 $78,538
APPLICATIONS APPROVED, NOT ACCEPTED 18 $99,944 9 $131,778 1 $77,000
APPLICATIONS DENIED 5 $99,800 5 $83,200 2 $62,500
APPLICATIONS WITHDRAWN 5 $87,000 2 $106,500 3 $70,000
FILES CLOSED FOR INCOMPLETENESS 1 $63,000 0 $0 0 $0
APPLICATIONS APPROVED, NOT ACCEPTED 14 $108,571 10 $92,500 3 $92,667
APPLICATIONS DENIED 4 $97,250 0 $0 0 $0
APPLICATIONS WITHDRAWN 0 $0 3 $132,000 0 $0
Most common first names in Pennington County, SD among deceased individuals
John 406 76.2 years
William 330 74.9 years
Robert 317 70.2 years
Mary 316 79.1 years
James 247 72.5 years
George 219 76.9 years
Charles 214 74.7 years
Helen 173 79.9 years
Donald 167 71.3 years
Richard 156 66.5 years
Most common last names in Pennington County, SD among deceased individuals
Johnson 196 77.5 years
Anderson 162 77.5 years
Smith 120 77.8 years
Nelson 76 75.6 years
Olson 74 80.4 years
Miller 68 74.3 years
Peterson 65 77.6 years
Williams 65 77.4 years
Wilson 63 72.9 years
Businesses in Pennington County, SD
Ace Hardware 3 Lowe's 1
Aeropostale 1 Marriott 1
AmericInn 1 MasterBrand Cabinets 8
American Eagle Outfitters 1 Maurices 1
Applebee's 1 McDonald's 4
Arby's 4 Men's Wearhouse 1
Ashley Furniture 1 Menards 1
AutoZone 1 Microtel 1
Bath & Body Works 1 Motel 6 2
Bed Bath & Beyond 1 Motherhood Maternity 2
Best Western 5 New Balance 5
Blockbuster 2 Nike 12
Budget Car Rental 1 Nissan 1
Burger King 3 Office Depot 1
Caribou Coffee 1 OfficeMax 1
Carson Pirie Scott 1 Olive Garden 1
Charlotte Russe 1 On The Border 1
Chuck E. Cheese's 1 Outback 1
Curves 1 Outback Steakhouse 1
Dairy Queen 7 Pac Sun 1
Days Inn 2 Papa John's Pizza 2
Deb 1 Payless 1
Decora Cabinetry 1 PetSmart 1
Dennys 1 Pier 1 Imports 1
DressBarn 1 Pizza Hut 2
Dressbarn 1 Qdoba Mexican Grill 1
Eddie Bauer 1 Quiznos 1
Famous Footwear 1 RadioShack 1
FedEx 8 Ramada 1
Firestone Complete Auto Care 1 Red Lobster 1
Foot Locker 1 Ruby Tuesday 1
Ford 1 SAS Shoes 1
GNC 1 SONIC Drive-In 1
GameStop 2 Safeway 2
Gap 1 Sam's Club 1
Goodwill 1 Sears 2
Gymboree 1 Shoe Carnival 1
H&R Block 3 Slumberland 1
Hardee's 3 Spencer Gifts 1
Haworth 1 Starbucks 4
Hilton 1 Subaru 1
Hobby Lobby 1 Super 8 5
Holiday Inn 5 T.G.I. Driday's 1
Honda 1 T.J.Maxx 1
Hot Topic 1 Taco Bell 2
Howard Johnson 1 Target 1
IHOP 1 The Room Place 1
JCPenney 1 Toyota 1
Jimmy John's 2 Toys"R"Us 1
Jones New York 4 Travelodge 2
Journeys 1 U-Haul 4
Justice 1 UPS 12
KFC 1 Vans 2
Kincaid 1 Verizon Wireless 3
Kmart 1 Victoria's Secret 1
Kohl's 1 Volkswagen 1
Kroger 3 Vons 2
La Quinta 1 Walgreens 2
La-Z-Boy 1 Walmart 1
LensCrafters 1 Wendy's 4
Little Caesars Pizza 2 Wet Seal 1
Long John Silver's 1 YMCA 1
Browse common businesses in Pennington County, SD
Pennington County on our top lists:
#2 on the list of "Top 101 counties with the lowest Sulfur Oxides Annual air pollution readings in 2012 (µg/m3)"
#13 on the list of "Top 101 counties with the highest percentage of residents that keep firearms around their homes"
#16 on the list of "Top 101 counties with the highest Particulate Matter (PM10) Annual air pollution readings in 2012 (µg/m3)"
#53 on the list of "Top 101 counties with the highest percentage of residents that smoked 100+ cigarettes in their lives"
#61 on the list of "Top 101 counties with the highest percentage of residents relocating from foreign countries between 2010 and 2011 (pop. 50,000+)"
#66 on the list of "Top 101 counties with the lowest Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Annual air pollution readings in 2012 (µg/m3)"
#68 on the list of "Top 101 counties with the highest percentage of residents relocating to foreign countries in 2011 (pop. 50,000+)"
#80 on the list of "Top 101 counties with the lowest percentage of residents that drank alcohol in the past 30 days"
#88 on the list of "Top 101 counties with the highest percentage of residents relocating to other counties in 2011 (pop. 50,000+)"
#89 on the list of "Top 101 counties with the highest percentage of residents relocating from foreign countries between 2010 and 2011"
#101 on the list of "Top 101 counties with the best general health status score of residents (1-5), 3 years of data"
Some parts © 2023 Advameg, Inc.


The Fukien Tea is an evergreen tree named after the Southeastern Chinese province of Fukien (Fuijan) where it originates. It has small dark-green shiny leaves that are covered with hairs and forms a very dense, compact habit. It has a light brown bark that forms a cracked, fissured appearance with age. In early Summer the Fukien Tea produces minute white flowers that go on to form small black berries.
In temperate regions the Fukien Tea is not hardy and are considered indoor trees for much of the year. Though easily available at bonsai outlets, the Fukien Tea can be difficult to look after, particularly for beginners.
POSITION Good light out of continual direct sunlight. Indoors, Fukien Teas need only 1 hour of full sun a day, outside give either direct morning or afternoon sun only. Carmonas must be kept in a temperature range of 15°C-25°C as much as possible. Should be placed outside during the hot summer months, the transition between indoors and outdoors should be made carefully. Carmonas must not be exposed to temperatures below 12°C on a continued basis and a bonsai greenhouse must be heated to this minimum temperature. A degree of natural light must be provided for the tree if overwintering in an outdoor garden shed or similar outbuildings.
FEEDING Every two weeks from Spring to Autumn, monthly during Winter.
REPOTTING Imported trees from China are usually potted in a clay that compacts very easily and this needs to be replaced by a basic soil mix. Repot every two years in Spring as growth commences.
PRUNING Fukien Teas have a very dense habit and can be pruned to shape without the need for wiring. Hard pruning can be carried out at any time as long as the tree is healthy.
PROPAGATION Sow seed outside as soon as ripe. Softwood cuttings in Summer.
PESTS AND DISEASES Trouble free. Foliage that takes on a general yellowish colour is usually a result of overwatering and/or a poor draining compost.
"Here in the dry tropics Fukien teas flower all year round. The presence of flowers and especially of seeds attracts ants, and concomitant scale and wooly aphid pests. Prevention is the best solution so our club recommends removing all buds unless the flowers are needed for a show. This is a tedious exercise with tweezers, but we have noticed the trees show overall benefit from removal, with better growth in trunks and branches. I usually groom off the largest leaf in a whorl at the same time."


text:
Q: Dynamic Grid Layout with Textviews on First Row and First Column I have a problem designing a form dynamically. It is in tabular form like the one below:
|        |  Great |  Good | Average | Bad |
|Quality |        |   -   |         |     |
|Perform |        |       |    -    |     |
|Support |    -   |       |         |     |

The first row (Header row) and first column are dynamic, that is, the rows and columns can increase or decrease and will come from a web service. The other cells will act like buttons, only one button will be activated ( - ) in a row.
Does any one have any idea how to achieve this?
Here what i done using Linear layouts: This is only a Mock data, and i have not implemented any click events or to capture user inputs (i don't know how to do it) is it involves managing IDs..
ScreenShot:
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0BzbVBFzhlWapbzlFeWlJSVF5M1k/edit?usp=sharing
The object Models i used are replica of real Object model.
//Table Form Type Layout
private void createFormWithLinearLayouts()
{
    //Get Feedback Answer List
    ArrayList<FeedbackAnswer> feedbackAnswerList = feedbackQuestionSection.getFeedbackAnswerList();

    //Get Feedback Question List
    ArrayList<FeedbackQuestion> feedbackQuestionList = feedbackQuestionSection.getFeedbackQuestionList();

    //For loop for Questions
    for(int i= -1; i< feedbackQuestionList.size();i++)
    {
        LinearLayout cLayout = new LinearLayout(this);
        cLayout.setOrientation(LinearLayout.HORIZONTAL);
        cLayout.setLayoutParams(new LayoutParams(LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT));

        MarginLayoutParams  params = new MarginLayoutParams(LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
        params.setMargins(5, 5, 5, 5);

        //For loop for AAnswers
        for (int j = -1; j < feedbackAnswerList.size(); j++)
        {
            TextView tv;
            tv = new TextView(this);
            tv.setWidth(100);
            tv.setHeight(50);
            tv.setLayoutParams(params);

            if(i == -1 && j== -1)
            {
                tv.setText(" ");
            }
            else if(i == -1 && j!= -1)
            {
                tv.setText(feedbackAnswerList.get(j).getDesc());
            }
            else if(j != -1)
            {
                //Buttons or Simply Color Change for Select or DeSelect

                //Get Answer from Question
                FeedbackAnswer feedbackAnswerOfQuestion = feedbackQuestionList.get(i).getFeedbackAnswer();

                if(feedbackAnswerList.get(j).getSeqNo() == feedbackAnswerOfQuestion.getSeqNo())
                {
                    tv.setText(feedbackAnswerList.get(j).getDesc()); //The PreSelected Answer will Come from Server
                }
                else
                {
                    tv.setText(" - - -");
                }
            }
            else
            {
                tv = new TextView(this);
                tv.setWidth(80);
                tv.setHeight(50);
                tv.setLayoutParams(params);

                tv.setText(feedbackQuestionList.get(i).getDesc());
            }

            cLayout.addView(tv);
        }

        parentLayout.addView(cLayout);
    }
}

/* Data Prepared in  Object Models
//Prepare Feedback Question Section
public void prepareFeedbackQuestionSection()
{
    //Question Section (Whole Layout)
    feedbackQuestionSection = new FeedbackQuestionSection();

    /******** Answers will show as Header row **************/
    FeedbackAnswer feedbackAnswer1 = new FeedbackAnswer();
    feedbackAnswer1.setDesc("Great");
    feedbackAnswer1.setSeqNo(1);

    FeedbackAnswer feedbackAnswer2 = new FeedbackAnswer();
    feedbackAnswer2.setDesc("Good");
    feedbackAnswer2.setSeqNo(2);

    FeedbackAnswer feedbackAnswer3 = new FeedbackAnswer();
    feedbackAnswer3.setDesc("Average");
    feedbackAnswer3.setSeqNo(3);

    FeedbackAnswer feedbackAnswer4 = new FeedbackAnswer();
    feedbackAnswer4.setDesc("Bad");
    feedbackAnswer4.setSeqNo(4);

    //Answer List (Row Header Texts)
    ArrayList<FeedbackAnswer> feedbackAnswerList = new ArrayList<FeedbackAnswer>();
    feedbackAnswerList.add(feedbackAnswer1);
    feedbackAnswerList.add(feedbackAnswer2);
    feedbackAnswerList.add(feedbackAnswer3);
    feedbackAnswerList.add(feedbackAnswer4);

    /*** Questions will show as First Column Texts **************/
    FeedbackQuestion feedbackQuestion1  = new FeedbackQuestion();
    feedbackQuestion1.setDesc("Quality");
    feedbackQuestion1.setSeqNo(1);
    feedbackQuestion1.setFeedbackAnswer(feedbackAnswer3);

    FeedbackQuestion feedbackQuestion2  = new FeedbackQuestion();
    feedbackQuestion2.setDesc("Performance");
    feedbackQuestion2.setSeqNo(2);
    feedbackQuestion2.setFeedbackAnswer(feedbackAnswer2);

    FeedbackQuestion feedbackQuestion3  = new FeedbackQuestion();
    feedbackQuestion3.setDesc("Support");
    feedbackQuestion3.setSeqNo(3);
    feedbackQuestion3.setFeedbackAnswer(feedbackAnswer4);

    //Question List (First Column Texts)
    ArrayList<FeedbackQuestion> feedbackQuestionList = new ArrayList<FeedbackQuestion>();
    feedbackQuestionList.add(feedbackQuestion1);
    feedbackQuestionList.add(feedbackQuestion2);
    feedbackQuestionList.add(feedbackQuestion3);

    //Add to Question Section
    feedbackQuestionSection.setFeedbackAnswerList(feedbackAnswerList);
    feedbackQuestionSection.setFeedbackQuestionList(feedbackQuestionList);
}

/** Layout */
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >

<LinearLayout
    android:id="@+id/layout"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="vertical" >
</LinearLayout>

/** OnCreate() */
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
    {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.feedback_form_dynamic);

    //Get Linear Layout
    parentLayout = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.layout);

    //Prepare Data
    prepareFeedbackQuestionSection();

    //Create Form
    createFormWithLinearLayouts();

}

A: After searching a lot and reading about grid view , i made gridview with dynamic content and also handle on item click events to capture user input.
Screenshot : https://drive.google.com/file/d/0BzbVBFzhlWapTG9vbWREZllNeFU/edit?usp=sharing
There are basically two array lists : Question List and Answer List , both contains 'description ' and a 'sequenceNo' (or level).
/*Adapter */
private class FeedbackAdapter extends BaseAdapter
{
    ArrayList<FeedbackAnswer> feedbackAnswerList;
    ArrayList<FeedbackQuestion> feedbackQuestionList;

    public FeedbackAdapter(FeedbackQuestionSection fSection)
    {
        feedbackQuestionList = fSection.getFeedbackQuestionList();
        feedbackAnswerList = fSection.getFeedbackAnswerList();
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount()
    {
        return ((feedbackAnswerList.size() +1 )* ( feedbackQuestionList.size() +1 ));
    }

    @Override
    public Object getItem(int index)
    {
        if(index == 0)
        {
            return null;
        }
        else if(index <= feedbackAnswerList.size())
        {
            return feedbackAnswerList.get(index - 1);
        }
        else // if(index % (feedbackAnswerList.size() + 1) == 0)
        {
            return feedbackQuestionList.get((index) / (feedbackAnswerList.size() + 1) - 1);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public long getItemId(int position)
    {
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent)
    {
        View rowView = convertView;

        if(rowView==null)
        {
            LayoutInflater layoutInflater=LayoutInflater.from(DynamicFormDemo.this);
            rowView = layoutInflater.inflate(android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, parent,false);
        }

        TextView textView=(TextView) rowView.findViewById(android.R.id.text1);

        //Get Item
        QuestionPaperInterface question = (QuestionPaperInterface) getItem(position);

        if(question != null)
        {
            if(question instanceof FeedbackAnswer)
            {
                question = (FeedbackAnswer) question;
                textView.setText(((FeedbackAnswer) question).getDesc());
            }
            else if(question instanceof FeedbackQuestion)
            {
                question = (FeedbackQuestion) question;

                if(position % (feedbackAnswerList.size() + 1) == 0)
                {
                    textView.setText(((FeedbackQuestion) question).getDesc());
                }
                else
                {
                    //Tag Answer
                    textView.setTag(R.id.feedbackAnswer, feedbackAnswerList.get(position % (feedbackAnswerList.size() + 1) - 1));

                    //Tag Question
                    textView.setTag(R.id.feedbackQuestion, ((FeedbackQuestion) question));

                    FeedbackAnswer feedbackAnswer = ((FeedbackQuestion) question).getFeedbackAnswer();
                    int seq = feedbackAnswer.getSeqNo();

                    //Get Tagged Answer
                    FeedbackAnswer taggedFeedbackAnswer = (FeedbackAnswer) textView.getTag(R.id.feedbackAnswer);

                    int taggedSeqNo = taggedFeedbackAnswer.getSeqNo();

                    if(seq == taggedSeqNo)
                    {
                        textView.setText(feedbackAnswer.getDesc());
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        textView.setText("---");
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        else
        {
            textView.setText("---");
        }

        return rowView;
    }
}

/* On Item Click//
    @Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id)
{
    //Get View
    TextView textView = (TextView) view;

    //Get Feedback Answer list
    ArrayList<FeedbackAnswer> feedbackAnswerList = feedbackQuestionSection.getFeedbackAnswerList();

    if(position >= feedbackAnswerList.size() + 1 && position % (feedbackAnswerList.size() + 1) != 0)
    {
        //Get Tagged Feedback Question
        FeedbackQuestion feedbackQuestion = (FeedbackQuestion) textView.getTag(R.id.feedbackQuestion);

        //Get Tagged Feedback Answer
        FeedbackAnswer feedbackAnswer = (FeedbackAnswer) textView.getTag(R.id.feedbackAnswer);

        //Set New Answer in Question
        feedbackQuestion.setFeedbackAnswer(feedbackAnswer);

        //Notify Adapter
        feedbackAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();

        String toastMessage = "Feedback Answer is :" + feedbackAnswer.getSeqNo() + ": "+feedbackAnswer.getDesc();
        Toast toast = Toast.makeText(this, toastMessage, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);
        toast.show();
    }
}

/* In On Create() */
    int numOfColms = feedbackQuestionSection.getFeedbackAnswerList().size() + 1; //No of Columns = No of Answers + 1 (Blank first Row First Column)

    GridView gridView = (GridView) findViewById(R.id.gridview);
    gridView.setOnItemClickListener(this);

    gridView.setStretchMode(GridView.NO_STRETCH);
    gridView.setNumColumns(numOfColms);

But It didn't fit my requirement ,this grid view scrolls vertical , which i did not need, as there are more components above and below this like a whole form of feedback which scrolls vertical. So am trying another solution using tables. I posted this in hope of it helps someone.

A: I solve the Problem by using Tables, adding rows and columns dynamically. The table is  contained in Horizontal Layout and whole layout is in ListView. The reason for is the table and other components may repeat and change ordering dynamically.