Funny thing, an easy to do task on Server 2008, but fairly difficult on the Server 2012. Often asked on forums and google, Windows Server 2012 how to log off? Many IT admins spend quite a few minutes before they find their way and it's not obviously their fault if Microsoft has "Designed" the system for to be used with touch screens at first. I really think that there should be two versions of this OS. And for Windows 8 it should be the same. Well, it's like it is, let's see to find the ways out.
How to log off Windows Server 2012 – From the Start "Screen" Metro UI.
One of the first ones is, to do so, go to the Start "screen" > click on your user account picture/name in the upper-right hand corner of the screen, and select "Sign out". You can also select "lock" from here.
You can start the server manager > select the local server > then choose from Tasks > Shut down local server. This brings the Shut down Windows dialog, where you can choose from Sign Out, disconnect, sleep, shutdown or restart.
Another option How to Log off from Windows Server 2012 – via shortcut !
To log off from the Windows Server 2012 system.
Unfortunately you can't use this option when you're remotely working via RDP session, because it obviously invokes the keystroke on your station and not on the remote system. You can use then any of those above with my prefered the third one (with shutdown -l).
To list all options from command line, open "dos window", with Windows + R then type "cmd" and then type shutdown -?


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Home > Big Story > Thundershowers lash Delhi; cold spell to continue for 20 days, says IMD
Thundershowers lash Delhi; cold spell to continue for 20 days, says IMD
Agencies6 March 2020 11:15 AM GMT
Sudden showers lashed the national capital on Friday evening leading to traffic snarls and bringing the mercury down by a couple of notches. For all those Delhiites who thought winter was on its way out, the weather department has predicted a cold spell that may continue for the next 20 days, according to news agency IANS.
"The wet spell that hit the region is due to a western disturbance. Four western disturbances are witnessed in March. Therefore, it is raining," Kuldeep Srivastava, head of regional meteorological centre at the India Meteorological Department (IMD) said.
According to the Met Department, 20.4 mm of rain was recorded at Safdarjung and 15.3 mm in Palam in the last 24 hours. It was 20.6 mm in the Lodhi Road area and 19.1 mm and 18.6 mm in Aya Nagar and Ridge area respectively.
Flight schedules went awry at Delhi's Indira Gandhi International Airport due to the sudden change in weather. National carrier Air India in a statement requested passengers to arrive at the airport well in advance for departures.
"Due to heavy downpour in Delhi, flight departures and arrivals are likely to be affected. There is also a traffic jam enroute to the airport. Passengers are requested to keep sufficient time in hand to reach the airport," the statement from Air India said.
The IMD forecast that more thunderstorms accompanied by lightning, hail and gusty winds at isolated places over the National Capital Region and other surrounding areas like west Uttar Pradesh, Chandigarh, Haryana and Punjab were likely.
The minimum temperature recorded by the IMD in Delhi on Friday was 14 degrees Celsius, while the maximum was 22 degrees.
The Centre's System of Air Quality and Weather Forecasting and Research (SAFAR) said that the overall air quality in Delhi was recorded as "satisfactory" at 69 places, with PM10 at 89 and PM2.5 at 54.
(Inputs and image from hindustantimes.com)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


What have been the drivers of the Chinese property market this year?
What should investors watch for in 2019? How has China's deleveraging campaign been impacting the property market?
What is the funding landscape for developers around the region given regulatory changes and investor appetite?
Which of China's previous growth sector darlings will feel the impact of the global trade war the greatest?
Where will see the next wave of unicorns emerge from and targeting which sector?
Followed by a networking cocktail reception in the evening, the event is a must for those who wish to meet with leading corporates and investors and to learn about the diverse latest investment landscape in the region.


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'The Boys': Season 3 Gets June Premiere Date On Amazon Prime With New Trailer
'The Boys' are back in town, as Amazon releases a new "trailer", that ends revealing a June premiere date for Season 3.
From 'Supernatural's Eric Kripke alongside Goldberg & Rogen, 'The Boys' is a fun and irreverent take on what happens when superheroes – who are as popular as celebrities, as influential as politicians and as revered as Gods – abuse their superpowers rather than use them for good. As the powerless take on the super powerful as The Boys embarked on a heroic quest to expose the truth about The Seven, and Vought – the multi-billion dollar conglomerate that manages these superheroes and covers up all of their dirty secrets.
The "trailer" take the form of a Vought News Network broadcast, announcing the Vought Annual Hero Draught, which is when the rising stars of the "superhero" world get to find out where in the USA will be placed. This relates to the upcoming spin-off series that explores the lives of hormonal, competitive Supes as they put their physical, sexual and moral boundaries to the test, competing for the best contracts in the best cities.
The "news report" also introduces us to some new "heroes" who have got new films coming out, and tv shows released on the Vought+ streaming service… Following on from that, we have an interview with Hughie… Which does not go well… Along with some details on what Starlight and Homelander have been up to since last season.
Whilst we don't know exactly what the plot of season three will be, in a recent interview, Vernon Sanders, Amazon Studios' Head of Global TV did mention the term "herogasm", so expect some more very R-rated content! Karl Urban (Butcher), Jack Quaid (Hughie), Antony Starr (Homelander), Erin Moriarty (Starlight), Dominique McElligott (Queen Maeve), Jessie T. Usher (A-Train), Laz Alonso (Mother's Milk), Chace Crawford (The Deep), Tomer Capon (Frenchie), Karen Fukuhara (The Female), Nathan Mitchell (Black Noir), Colby Minifie (Ashley Barrett), Claudia Doumit ("Vic" Neuman) are all set to return. They are joined by Jensen Ackles, who takes on the role of Soldier Boy.
'The Boys' is based on The New York Times best-selling comic by Garth Ennis and Darick Robertson, who also serve as executive producers, and developed by executive producer and showrunner Eric Kripke. Seth Rogen, Evan Goldberg, James Weaver, Neal H. Moritz, Pavun Shetty, Phil Sgriccia, Craig Rosenberg, Ken F. Levin, Jason Netter, Paul Grellong, David Reed, Meredith Glynn, and Michaela Starr also serve as executive producers. The Boys is produced by Amazon Studios and Sony Pictures Television Studios, with Kripke Enterprises, Original Film, and Point Grey Pictures.
'The Boys' Season 3 premieres Friday, 3rd June 2022 on Amazon Prime UK and worldwide.
← 'Stuck': Brand New Comedy Series Written By & Starring Dylan Moran For BBC Two
'Bel-Air': Peacock Releases Full Trailer For Upcoming Drama Based On 'Fresh Prince' →


Yes. Pens. I wasn't sure what to write about today, so I am going to write about pens. Maybe it is a little bit weird, but quite frankly I don't care. I figured out that the first result from a quick Google search on pens will bring up the Pittsburgh Penguins, an NHL team. Well, that was simply not what I was thinking of. The second site: www.pens.com is depressing as well. You would think that it would be about pens exclusively. NOPE. I mean, it has pens but that isn't their main business. All they want is to customize stuff for you (including pens) and make you give them money. Again, www.pensrus.com, the third website listed, refuses to satisfy. Granted, it is exclusively about pens, which is a plus, but they just want to sell me some generic crappy pens, for somewhat cheap.
This is the point at which I gave up searching for pens; the only problem is that I was going to talk about pens. So far, I've only talked about my search for pens. So here is my opinion of pens: they obliterate pencils. Seriously, back a few years ago I decided to use exclusively. As of now, it has proved useful as I make so incredibly few mistakes than I used to. I tempt you to use only pens, see the difference. As for types... well, I only use high quality, but I am not opposed to the generic junk (like they have at banks). The most commonplace, high-quality pens seem to be Pilot G2s. They are smooth and lay the ink down thick. Plus they come in all tons of colors (I prefer black). My favorite pens however, are definitely Uni-ball pens. Any type will do, but I specifically recommend the Uni-ball Elite.
So there you have my rundown on pens. I hope it was more interesting than it seems. Thanks for reading and be sure to come back!


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Justia Patents US Patent for Magnetic recording medium Patent (Patent # 10,847,181)
Magnetic recording medium
Dec 27, 2017 - FUJI ELECTRIC CO., LTD.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a perpendicular magnetic recording medium which uses an Ru seed layer having a (002)-oriented hcp structure, and has a magnetic recording layer including a (001)-oriented L10 ordered alloy suitable to perpendicular magnetic recording. The magnetic recording medium of the present invention includes a substrate, a first seed layer containing Ru, a second seed layer containing ZnO, a third seed layer containing MgO, and a magnetic recording layer containing an ordered alloy, in this order, the first seed layer having the (002)-oriented hexagonal closest packed structure.
Latest FUJI ELECTRIC CO., LTD. Patents:
INTEGRATED CIRCUIT AND POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT
SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SAME
SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE
SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE
METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SEMICONDUCTOR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT
This application is a continuation application of PCT Application No. PCT/JP2017/000160 filed on Jan. 5, 2017 under 37 Code of Federal Regulation § 1.53 (b) and the PCT application claims the benefit of Japanese Patent Application No. 2016-003577 filed on Jan. 12, 2016, all of the above applications being hereby incorporated by reference wherein in their entirety.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a magnetic recording medium. In particular, the present invention relates to a magnetic recording medium used in a hard disc magnetic recording device (HDD).
Description of the Related Art
Perpendicular magnetic recording system is adopted as a technique for achieving high-density magnetic recording. A perpendicular magnetic recording medium at least comprises a non-magnetic substrate and a magnetic recording layer formed of a hard-magnetic material. Optionally, the perpendicular magnetic recording medium may further comprise: a soft-magnetic under layer which is formed from soft-magnetic material and plays a role in concentrating the magnetic flux generated by a magnetic head onto the magnetic recording layer; an orientation controlling layer and/or a seed layer for orienting the hard-magnetic material in the magnetic recording layer in an intended direction; a protective layer for protecting the surface of the magnetic recording layer; and the like.
The magnetic recording layer of the perpendicular magnetic recording medium formed of a granular magnetic material has been proposed, for the purpose of obtaining good magnetic properties. The granular magnetic material comprises magnetic crystal grains and a non-magnetic body segregated to surround the magnetic crystal grains. Respective magnetic crystal grains in the granular magnetic material are magnetically separated from each other with the non-magnetic body.
For the purpose of further increasing the recording density of the perpendicular magnetic recording medium, a need for reduction in the grain diameter of the magnetic crystal grains in the granular magnetic material arises in recent years. On the other hand, the reduction in the grain diameter of the magnetic crystal grains leads to a decrease in thermal stability of the recorded magnetization (signals). Thus, the magnetic crystal grains in the granular magnetic material need to be formed of a material with higher magnetocrystalline anisotropy, in order to compensate the decrease in thermal stability due to the reduction in the grain diameter of the magnetic crystal grains. Various L10 ordered alloys are proposed as the material having the required higher magnetocrystalline anisotropy. Typical L10 ordered alloys include FePt, CoPt, FePd, CoPd, and the like.
In the prior-art perpendicular magnetic recording medium having a magnetic recording layer comprising a CoCrPt-based magnetic alloy, a seed layer consisting of Ru or Ru alloy is used for orienting the axis of easy magnetization of the CoCrPt-based magnetic alloy in the magnetic recording layer in the perpendicular direction, wherein the seed layer has a (002)-oriented hexagonal closest packed (HCP) structure. For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2012-195027 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2013-054819 propose a discrete magnetic recording medium and a patterned magnetic recording medium which comprise the seed layer comprising Ru and the magnetic recording layer comprising the CoCrPt-based magnetic alloy. In these proposals, the seed layer is a stacked body of an Ru layer and an Ru alloy layer. These proposals disclose a seed layer consisting the single Ru layer, and a seed layer which is a stacked body of the Ru layer and a Ru-containing layer having a granular structure comprising Ru and an oxide, as comparative examples. Further, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2015-135713 proposes a discrete magnetic recording medium and a patterned magnetic recording medium which comprise a grain size control layer comprising Ru as a principal component which is divided into plural parts by metal oxide posts, and a magnetic recording layer comprising the CoCrPt-based magnetic alloy. This proposal discloses the grain size control layer consisting of Ru and Al2O3, as a comparative example.
However, it is considered difficult to use a seed layer consisting of Ru and having (002)-oriented hcp structure, in the case where the magnetic recording layer comprising the L10 ordered alloy is formed. This is because it has been considered that the (001) face of the L10 ordered alloy, which is a four-fold symmetric square, is not epitaxially grown on the six-fold symmetric (002) face of the hcp structure.
To this problem, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2012-014750 proposes a magnetic recording medium in which a magnetic recording layer consisting of a (001)-oriented L10 ordered alloy is formed onto a seed layer consisting of Ru or Ru alloy and having a (110)-oriented hcp structure. Further, for manufacturing a tilted magnetic recording medium in which improvement in magnetic recording density can be expected, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-019000 proposes a magnetic recording medium in which a magnetic recording layer consisting of a (111)-oriented L10 ordered alloy is formed onto a seed layer comprising Ru, Re or Os alloy and having a (100)-oriented hcp structure.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a magnetic recording medium having a magnetic recording layer comprising an L10 ordered alloy having a (001) orientation suitable to perpendicular magnetic recording, by means of a Ru seed layer having a (002)-oriented hcp structure which has been used in prior-art magnetic recording media using the CoCrPt-based magnetic alloy.
One of constitutional examples of the magnetic recording medium of the present invention comprises a substrate, a first seed layer comprising Ru, a second seed layer comprising ZnO, a third seed layer comprising MgO, and a magnetic recording layer comprising an ordered alloy, in this order wherein the first seed layer has a (002)-oriented hexagonal closest packed structure. Here, the magnetic recording medium may further comprise an orientation controlling layer between the substrate and the first seed layer. Optionally, the magnetic recording medium may further comprise a non-magnetic intermediate layer consisting of Pt between the first seed layer and the second seed layer. Further, the ordered alloy may be an L10 ordered alloy comprising at least one element selected from the group consisting of Fe and Co, at least one element selected from the group consisting of Pt, Pd, Au, Ir and Rh. Here, the ordered alloy may further comprise at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ni, Mn, Cu, Ru, Ag, Au, and Cr. Preferably, the ordered alloy may be an L10 ordered alloy selected from the group consisting of FePt, CoPt, FePd and CoPd. Further, the magnetic recording layer may have a granular structure comprising magnetic crystal grains and a non-magnetic crystal grain boundary surrounding the magnetic crystal grains, wherein the magnetic crystal grains comprise the ordered alloy. Here, the non-magnetic crystal grain boundary may comprise a non-magnetic material selected from the group consisting of carbon, boron, an oxide and a nitride.
By adopting the above-described constitution, it is possible to obtain the magnetic recording medium having the magnetic recording layer comprising the L10 ordered alloy having the (001) orientation suitable to perpendicular magnetic recording, even when using the Ru-containing seed layer which has been considered difficult to use.
Further features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing one of constitutional examples of the magnetic recording medium of the present invention; and
FIG. 2 is a graphical representation showing XRD spectra of the magnetic recording media of Examples and Comparative Examples.
DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
The magnetic recording medium according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a substrate, a first seed layer comprising Ru, a second seed layer comprising ZnO, a third seed layer comprising MgO, and a magnetic recording layer comprising an ordered alloy, in this order. Here, the magnetic recording medium may further comprise an orientation controlling layer between the substrate and the first seed layer. According to one embodiment, the magnetic recording medium may further comprise a non-magnetic intermediate layer consisting of Pt between the first seed layer and the second seed layer. Further, the magnetic recording medium may further comprise layers commonly known in the art, such as an adhesive layer, a soft-magnetic under layer and/or a heat sink layer, between the substrate and the first seed layer, or between the substrate and the orientation controlling layer. In addition, the magnetic recording medium may further comprise layers commonly known in the art, such as a protective layer and/or a liquid lubricant layer, on or over the magnetic recording layer. FIG. 1 shows one of constitutional examples of the magnetic recording medium, which comprises substrate 10, orientation controlling layer 20, first seed layer 31, second seed layer 32, third seed layer 33, and magnetic recording layer 40.
The substrate 10 may be a plate-shaped member having a flat surface. For example, the substrate 10 may be formed of a material commonly used in magnetic recording media. The material comprises a NiP-plated Al alloy, monocrystalline MgO, MgAl2O4, SrTiO3, tempered glass, crystallized glass, and the like.
The adhesive layer 50, which may be formed optionally, is used for enhancing the adhesion between the layer formed on the adhesive layer and the layer formed under the adhesive layer. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, the layer formed under the adhesive layer 50 includes the substrate 10. The material for forming the adhesive layer 50 may comprise a metal such as Ni, W, Ta, Cr or Ru, or an alloy containing the above-described metals. The adhesive layer may be a single layer or have a stacked structure with plural layers. The adhesive layer 50 preferable in this constitutional example consists of CrTi.
The soft-magnetic under layer (not shown), which may be formed optionally, controls the magnetic flux emitted from a magnetic head to improve the read-write characteristics of the magnetic recording medium. The material for forming the soft-magnetic under layer includes: a crystalline material such as an NiFe alloy, a sendust (FeSiAl) alloy, or a CoFe alloy; a microcrystalline material such as FeTaC, CoFeNi or CoNiP; and an amorphous material including a Co alloy such as CoZrNb or CoTaZr. The optimum thickness of the soft-magnetic under layer depends on the structure and characteristics of the magnetic head used in magnetic recording. When forming the soft-magnetic under layer continuously with other layers, the soft-magnetic under layer preferably has a thickness in a range from 10 nm to 500 nm (both inclusive), in view of productivity.
The heat sink layer (not shown) may be provided when the magnetic recording medium of this constitutional example is used in a heat-assisted magnetic recording system. The heat sink layer is a layer for effectively absorbing excess heat of the magnetic recording layer 40 that is generated during the heat-assisted magnetic recording. The heat sink layer can be formed of a material having a high thermal conductivity and a high specific heat capacity. Such material includes a Cu simple substance, an Ag simple substance, an Au simple substance, or an alloy material composed mainly of these substances. As used herein, the expression "composed mainly of" means that the content of the concerned material is 50% by weight or more. In consideration of its strength or the like, the heat sink layer can be formed of an Al—Si alloy, a Cu—B alloy, or the like. Further, the function of the soft-magnetic under layer, that is, the function of concentrating a perpendicular magnetic field generated by the head to the magnetic recording layer 40, can be imparted to the heat sink layer by forming the heat sink layer of a sendust (FeSiAl) alloy, a soft-magnetic CoFe alloy, or the like, and thereby capable of complementing the function of the soft-magnetic under layer. The optimum thickness of the heat sink layer depends on the amount and distribution of the heat generated during the heat-assisted magnetic recording, as well as the layer configuration of the magnetic recording medium and the thickness of the respective constituent layers. When forming the heat sink layer continuously with other constituent layers, the heat sink layer preferably has a thickness of 10 nm or more and 100 nm or less, in view of productivity. The heat sink layer can be formed by any process known in the art, such as a sputtering method or a vacuum deposition method. In general cases, the heat sink layer is formed by the sputtering method. The heat sink layer can be formed between the substrate 10 and the adhesive layer, between the adhesive layer and the orientation controlling layer 20, or the like, in consideration of properties required for the magnetic recording medium.
The orientation controlling layer 20 is a layer to make the first seed layer 31, which is formed thereon, have a (002)-oriented hcp structure. The orientation controlling layer 20 may be a single layer or have a stacked structure with plural layers. The orientation controlling layer 20 can be formed of materials used for forming a layer under the Ru-containing layer in the prior-art magnetic recording medium which has the magnetic recording layer comprising the CoCrPt-based magnetic alloy. This feature has been disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2009-134797, for example. The material used for forming the orientation controlling layer 20 is preferably, but not limited to, a material having an hcp structure which is the same as the magnetic recording layer, or a material having a face-centered cubic (fcc) structure. For example, the material used for forming the orientation controlling layer 20 includes a Co—Ni-based alloy, an Ni alloy, a Pt alloy, a Pd alloy, a Ta alloy, a Cr alloy, an Si alloy, and a Cu alloy. Such material may further comprise one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Ru, W, Mo, Ta, Nb and Ti, in order to improve matching of the crystalline lattice size to that of the first seed layer 31. Alternatively, such material may further comprise one or more material selected from the group consisting of B, Mn, Al, Si oxide, and Ti oxide, in order to reduce the particle size of the first seed layer 31. The preferable orientation controlling layer 20 is formed of an RuCr alloy which comprises 50% by atom or more of Ru. Here, the RuCr alloy may comprise magnetic metal such as Fe, Ni or Co, in an amount of less than 10% by atom. The orientation controlling layer 20 preferable in this constitutional example has a stacked body of an NiTaAl alloy layer and an RuCrFe alloy layer. The orientation controlling layer 20 can be formed by any process known in the art, such as a sputtering method.
The first seed layer 31 comprises Ru or an Ru alloy. Preferably, the first seed layer 31 is formed of Ru. Here, Ru and the Ru alloy constituting the first seed layer 31 may contain unavoidable impurities. The first seed layer 31 has a (002)-oriented hcp structure. The first seed layer 31 can be formed by any process known in the art, such as a sputtering method.
The non-magnetic intermediate layer 60, which may be formed optionally between the first seed layer 31 and the second seed layer 32, is a layer for facilitating epitaxial growth of the second seed layer 32 and epitaxial growth of the layers formed after the second seed layer 32. In this constitutional example, the non-magnetic intermediate layer 60 can be formed of Pt. Further, the non-magnetic intermediate layer 60 can be formed by any process known in the art, such as a sputtering method.
The second seed layer 32 comprises ZnO. Here, ZnO may have stoichiometric composition or non-stoichiometric composition. In this constitutional example, ZnO in the second seed layer 32 has a (002)-oriented hexagonal closest packed structure, more specifically, a (002)-oriented wurtzite-type crystalline structure. In this constitutional example, ZnO includes a series of compounds having a peak in a range of 2θ from 33.4° to 35.4° which is the typical peak in the ZnO crystal, in the XRD profile obtained by θ-2θ measurement in a perpendicular-to-plane direction by means of X-ray diffraction. It is considered that the second seed layer 32 leads to (002) orientation in the third seed layer 33 comprising MgO, consequentially leading to (001) orientation in the magnetic recording layer 40. Further, it is considered that the small surface roughness of the second seed layer 32 comprising ZnO results in an effect to reduce crystalline orientation dispersion of the third seed layer 33. The second seed layer 32 preferably has a thickness in a range from 1 nm to 20 nm, in order to achieve the above-described effects. Further, the second seed layer 32 preferably comprises 70% by weight or more of ZnO, based on the total mass of the second seed layer 32, in order to achieve the above-described effects.
The third seed layer 33 comprises MgO. Here, MgO may have stoichiometric composition or non-stoichiometric composition. In this constitutional example, MgO in the third seed layer 33 has a (002)-oriented sodium chloride type crystalline structure. In this constitutional example, MgO includes a series of compounds having a peak in a range of 2θ from 42.0° to 44.0° which is the typical peak in the MgO crystal, in the XRD profile obtained by θ-2θ measurement in a perpendicular-to-plane direction by means of X-ray diffraction. It is considered that the third seed layer 33 leads to (001) orientation in the magnetic recording layer 40 formed thereon, consequentially reducing crystalline orientation dispersion of the magnetic recording layer 40. Further, it is considered that the third seed layer 33 facilitates magnetic separation of the magnetic crystal grains in the magnetic recording layer. The third seed layer 33 preferably has a thickness in a range from 1 nm to 20 nm, in order to achieve the above-described effects. Further, the third seed layer 33 preferably comprises 70% by weight or more of MgO, based on the total mass of the third seed layer 33, in order to achieve the above-described effects.
The second seed layer 32 and the third seed layer 33 can be formed by any process known in the art, such as a sputtering method. Here, the surface roughness of the third seed layer 33 comprising MgO can be reduced by heating of the substrate. The substrate temperature is preferably set in a range from 300° C. to 500° C., when the third seed layer 33 is formed. On the other hand, heating of the substrate is unnecessary in forming the second seed layer 32 comprising ZnO. The second seed layer 32 formed without heating of the substrate 10 can achieve the surface roughness equal to or less than that of the third seed layer 33 formed without heating of the substrate 10.
The seed layer 30 having the above-described stacked structure comprising the first seed layer 31, the second seed layer 32 and the third seed layer 33 allows to achieve the (001)-oriented crystalline orientation of the ordered alloy, especially the (001)-oriented crystalline orientation of the L10 ordered alloy, in the magnetic recording layer 40, which is suitable to the perpendicular magnetic recording medium.
The magnetic recording layer 40 comprises an ordered alloy. The ordered alloy may comprise at least one first element selected from the group consisting of Fe and Co, at least one second element selected from the group consisting of Pt, Pd, Au, Ir and Rh. The preferable ordered alloy may be an L10 ordered alloy selected from the group consisting of FePt, CoPt, FePd and CoPd. The ordered alloy may further comprise at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ni, Mn, Cu, Ru, Ag, Au, and Cr, for modification of properties. Desirable modification of properties includes: reduction in the temperature required for ordering of the L10 ordered alloy; and reduction in the heating temperature during recording in the heat-assisted magnetic recording process due to drop in Curie temperature.
The ratio of the first element to the second element may be set in a range from 0.7 to 1.3, preferably from 0.8 to 1.1, on a basis of the number of atoms, in the ordered alloy used in the present invention. The compositional ratio within the above-described range allows to obtain the L10 ordered structure exhibiting a large magnetic anisotropy constant Ku.
Alternatively, the magnetic recording layer may have a granular structure comprising magnetic crystal grains and a non-magnetic crystal grain boundary surrounding the magnetic crystal grains. The magnetic crystal grains may comprise the above-described ordered alloy. The non-magnetic crystal grain boundary may comprise a non-magnetic material selected from the group consisting of: an oxide such as SiO2, TiO2 and ZnO; a nitride such as SiN and TiN; carbon (C); boron (B); and the like.
Further, the magnetic recording layer 40 may consist of a plurality of magnetic layers. Each of the plurality of magnetic layers may have either of a non-granular structure or the granular structure. Further, the magnetic recording layer 40 may have an exchange-coupled composite (ECC) structure in which a coupling layer such as Ru is interposed between the magnetic layers. Further, a second magnetic layer may be disposed on the top of the magnetic layer having the granular structure, as a continuous layer not having the granular structure (CAP layer).
The magnetic recording layer 40 can be formed by depositing a predetermined material by a sputtering method. In the case to form the magnetic recording layer 40 comprising the ordered alloy, a target comprising material for constituting the ordered alloy can be used. More specifically, a target comprising the above-described elements constituting the ordered alloy at the predetermined ratio can be used. Alternatively, the magnetic recording layer 40 may be formed by using a plurality of targets comprising a single element, and adjusting electric power applied to the respective targets to control the ratio of the elements. In the case of forming the magnetic recording layer 40 having a granular structure, a target comprising a material for forming the magnetic crystal grains and a material for forming the non-magnetic crystal grain boundary at the predetermined ratio can be used. Alternatively, the magnetic recording layer 40 may be formed by using a target comprising the material for forming the magnetic crystal grains and a target comprising the material for forming the non-magnetic crystal grain boundary, and adjusting electric power applied to the respective targets to control the constitutional ratio of the magnetic crystal grains and the non-magnetic crystal grain boundary. Here, in the case where the magnetic crystal grains are formed from the ordered alloy, a plurality of targets which separately comprise the elements constituting the ordered alloy may be used.
In the case where the magnetic recording layer 40 comprises the ordered alloy, heating of the substrate 10 is involved when the magnetic recording layer 40 is formed. The substrate temperature in this case is within a range from 300° C. to 600° C. Adoption of the substrate temperature within this range allows improvement in the order parameter of the ordered alloy in the magnetic recording layer 40.
The protective layer (70), which may be formed optionally, can be formed of a material conventionally used in the field of magnetic recording media. Specifically, the protective layer 70 can be formed of non-magnetic metal such as Pt, a carbon-based material such as diamond-like carbon, or silicon-based material such as silicon nitride. The protective layer 70 may be a single layer or have a stacked structure. The stacked structure of the protective layer 70 may be a stacked structure of two types of carbon-based material having different characteristics from each other, a stacked structure of a metal and a carbon-based material, or a stacked structure of a metallic oxide film and a carbon-based material, for example. The protective layer 70 can be formed by any process known in the art such as a sputtering method, a CVD method, or a vacuum deposition method.
The liquid lubricant layer (not shown), which may be formed optionally, can be formed of a material conventionally used in the field of magnetic recording media. For example, perfluoropolyether-based lubricants or the like can be used. The liquid lubricant layer can be formed by a coating method such as a dip-coating method or a spin-coating method.
This example relates to a magnetic recording medium having seed layer 30 of a three-layered structure consisting of Ru first seed layer 31, ZnO second seed layer 32, and MgO third seed layer 33. First, a chemically strengthened glass substrate having a smooth surface (N-10 glass substrate manufactured by HOYA CORPORATION) was washed to prepare substrate 10. The washed substrate 10 was brought into a sputtering device. Then, CrTi adhesive layer having a thickness of 15 nm was formed by a DC magnetron sputtering method using a CrTi target in Ar gas at a pressure of 0.3 Pa. The substrate temperature in forming the CrTi adhesive layer was room temperature (25° C.). The sputtering power in forming the CrTi adhesive layer was 200 W.
Next, an NiTaAl film having a thickness of 4 nm was formed by a DC magnetron sputtering method using an NiTaAl target in Ar gas at a pressure of 0.3 Pa. The substrate temperature in forming the NiTaAl film was room temperature (25° C.). The sputtering power in forming the NiTaAl film was 200 W. Subsequently, an RuCrFe film having a thickness of 3.5 nm was formed by a DC magnetron sputtering method using an RuCrFe target in Ar gas at a pressure of 0.3 Pa, to obtain orientation controlling layer 20 consisting the NiTaAl film and the RuCrFe film. The substrate temperature in forming the RuCrFe film was room temperature (25° C.). The sputtering power in forming the RuCrFe film was 200 W.
Next, the Ru first seed layer 31 having a thickness of 6 nm was formed by a DC magnetron sputtering method using an Ru target in Ar gas at a pressure of 0.3 Pa. The substrate temperature in forming the Ru first seed layer 31 was room temperature (25° C.). The sputtering power in forming the Ru first seed layer 31 was 200 W.
Next, the ZnO second seed layer 32 having a thickness of 2 nm was formed by an RF magnetron sputtering method using a ZnO target in Ar gas at a pressure of 0.3 Pa. The substrate temperature in forming the ZnO second seed layer 32 was room temperature (25° C.). The sputtering power in forming the ZnO second seed layer 32 was 200 W.
Next, the MgO third seed layer 33 having a thickness of 5 nm was formed by an RF magnetron sputtering method using an MgO target in Ar gas at a pressure of 0.016 Pa. The substrate temperature in forming the MgO third seed layer 33 was 400° C. The sputtering power in forming the MgO third seed layer 33 was 200 W.
Next, the FePt magnetic recording layer 40 having a thickness of 10 nm was formed on the MgO third seed layer 33 by a DC magnetron sputtering method using an Fe target and a Pt target in Ar gas at a pressure of 1.0 Pa. The substrate temperature in forming the FePt magnetic recording layer 40 was set to 400° C. Further, electric power of 50 W was applied to the Fe target, and electric power of 17 W was applied to the Pt target.
Finally, a Pt film having a thickness of 5 nm was formed by a DC magnetron sputtering method using a Pt target in Ar gas at a pressure of 0.3 Pa. Subsequently, a Ta film having a thickness of 5 nm was formed by a DC magnetron sputtering method using a Ta target in Ar gas at a pressure of 0.3 Pa, to form a protective layer 70 having a stacked structure of the Pt film and the Ta film, thereby obtaining a magnetic recording medium. The substrate temperature in forming the Pt film and in forming the Ta film was room temperature (25° C.). The sputtering power in forming the Pt film was 50 W, and the sputtering power in forming the Ta film was 200 W.
The resultant magnetic recording medium was analyzed by an X-ray diffraction method (XRD) to confirm the presence or absence of: (001) FePt peak, (002) FePt peak, and (111) FePt peak resulting from the FePt magnetic recording layer 40; (111) Pt peak and (002) Pt peak resulting from a Pt non-magnetic intermediate layer 60; and (002) Ru peak resulting from the Ru first seed layer. The XRD spectrum of the resultant magnetic recording medium is shown in FIG. 2.
This example relates to a magnetic recording medium having seed layer 30 of a four-layered structure consisting of Ru first seed layer 31, non-magnetic intermediate layer 60, ZnO second seed layer 32, and MgO third seed layer 33.
The layers up to the Ru first seed layer 31 was formed by repeating the procedure of Example 1. Subsequently, Pt non-magnetic intermediate layer 60 having a thickness of 10 nm was formed by a DC magnetron sputtering method using a Pt target in Ar gas at a pressure of 0.3 Pa. The substrate temperature in forming the Pt non-magnetic recording layer was room temperature (25° C.). The sputtering power in forming the Pt non-magnetic recording layer was 200 W.
Subsequently, the ZnO second seed layer 32, the MgO third seed layer 33, the FePt magnetic recording layer 40 and the protective layer 70 were formed by repeating the procedure of Example 1, to obtain a magnetic recording medium. The XRD spectrum of the resultant magnetic recording medium is shown in FIG. 2.
This example relates to a magnetic recording medium having Ru first seed layer 31 only, but not having ZnO second seed layer 32 or MgO third seed layer 33. A magnetic recording medium was formed by repeating the procedure of Example 1, except that the ZnO second seed layer 32 and the MgO third seed layer 33 were not formed. The XRD spectrum of the resultant magnetic recording medium is shown in FIG. 2.
This example relates to a magnetic recording medium having Ru first seed layer 31 and MgO third seed layer 33, but not having ZnO second seed layer 32. A magnetic recording medium was formed by repeating the procedure of Example 1, except that the ZnO second seed layer 32 was not formed. The XRD spectrum of the resultant magnetic recording medium is shown in FIG. 2.
(Evaluation)
Integrated intensities of the (001) FePt peak and the (002) FePt peak obtained by the XRD are shown in Table 1, in regard to magnetic recording media of Examples 1 and 2, and Comparative Examples 1 and 2.
Layer construction of the magnetic recording medium and crystalline orientation of the FePt magnetic recording layer
Ex. 1 Ex. 2 C. Ex. 1 C. Ex. 2
Thickness (nm)
Ru first seed layer 6 6 6 6 Pt non-magnetic — 10 — — intermediate layer ZnO second seed layer 2 2 — — MgO third seed layer 5 5 — 5
Integrated intensities of XRD peaks
(001) FePt 11266 19493 0 0 (002) FePt 10514 18036 0 0
As understood from FIG. 2, the (002) Ru peak resulting from the Ru first seed layer was observed in all of the magnetic recording media of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2. This result shows that the Ru first seed layer 31 having (002) orientation and an hcp structure was obtained due to the orientation controlling layer 20 used in the above-described examples.
In the magnetic recording medium of Comparative Example 1 having the Ru first seed layer 31 only, but not having the ZnO second seed layer 32 or the MgO third seed layer 33, neither the (001) FePt peak nor the (002) FePt peak were observed in XRD. Instead, the (111) FePt peak, indicating inclination of the axis of easy magnetization, was observed in the magnetic recording medium of Comparative Example 1. Further, in the magnetic recording medium of Comparative Example 2 having the Ru first seed layer 31 and the MgO third seed layer 33 but not having the ZnO second seed layer 32, neither the (001) FePt peak nor the (002) FePt peak were observed, but the (111) FePt peak was observed, similarly. On the contrary, in the magnetic recording media of Examples 1 and 2 having all of the Ru first seed layer 31, the ZnO second seed layer 32, and the MgO third seed layer 33, the (001) FePt peak and the (002) FePt peak were observed, but the (111) FePt peak was not observed. In view of the above-described result, it becomes apparent that both of the ZnO second seed layer 32 and the MgO third seed layer 33 are necessary to obtain the FePt magnetic recording layer having the (001)-oriented L10 ordered structure in which the axis of easy magnetization is desirably oriented perpendicularly.
Further, in the magnetic recording medium of Example 2 in which the Pt non-magnetic intermediate layer 60 is formed between the Ru first seed layer 31 and the ZnO second seed layer 32, the (111) Pt peak and the (002) Pt peak were observed. This result shows that the Pt non-magnetic intermediate layer 60 is formed of Pt having a (111)-oriented fcc structure.
Further, based on the results shown in Table 1, the magnetic recording medium of Example 2 exhibits greater integrated intensities for both of the (001) FePt peak and the (002) FePt peak, than those of the magnetic recording medium of Example 1. This result shows that the epitaxial growth of the FePt magnetic recording layer 40 is facilitated by the presence of the Pt non-magnetic intermediate layer 60, to result in the FePt magnetic recording layer 40 having the more desirable crystalline structure.
While the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. The scope of the following claims is to be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and equivalent structures and functions. All of the patent applications and documents cited herein are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
1. A magnetic recording medium, comprising:
a substrate;
a first seed layer comprising Ru on the substrate;
a second seed layer comprising ZnO on the first seed layer;
a third seed layer comprising MgO on the second seed layer;
and a magnetic recording layer comprising an ordered alloy on the third seed layer, wherein the first seed layer has a (002)-oriented hexagonal closest packed structure.
2. The magnetic recording medium according to claim 1, further comprising an orientation controlling layer between the substrate and the first seed layer for controlling an orientation of the first seed layer.
3. The magnetic recording medium according to claim 1, further comprising a non-magnetic intermediate layer consisting of Pt between the first seed layer and the second seed layer.
4. The magnetic recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the ordered alloy is an L10 ordered alloy comprising at least one element selected from the group consisting of Fe and Co, at least one element selected from the group consisting of Pt, Pd, Au, Ir and Rh.
5. The magnetic recording medium according to claim 4, wherein the ordered alloy further comprises at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ni, Mn, Cu, Ru, Ag, Au, and Cr.
6. The magnetic recording medium according to claim 4, wherein the ordered alloy is the L10 ordered alloy selected from the group consisting of FePt, CoPt, FePd and CoPd.
7. The magnetic recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic recording layer has a granular structure comprising magnetic crystal grains and a non-magnetic crystal grain boundary surrounding the magnetic crystal grains, and the magnetic crystal grains comprise the ordered alloy.
8. The magnetic recording medium according to claim 7, wherein the non-magnetic crystal grain boundary comprises a non-magnetic material selected from the group consisting of carbon, boron, an oxide and a nitride.
20060002026 January 5, 2006 Stipe et al.
20070259214 November 8, 2007 Takahashi et al.
20120237798 September 20, 2012 Iwasaki et al.
20150029830 January 29, 2015 Zhang et al.
20150206547 July 23, 2015 Iwasaki et al.
104347086 February 2015 CN
2006-019000 January 2006 JP
2015-026411 February 2015 JP
Singh et al. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, vol. 7, pp. 2192-2196, 2007 (Year: 2007).
Assignee: FUJI ELECTRIC CO., LTD. (Kawasaki)
Inventors: Shinji Uchida (Matsumoto), Hitoshi Nakata (Matsumoto), Tomohiro Moriya (Matsumoto), Akira Furuta (Matsumoto), Takehito Shimatsu (Sendai)
Primary Examiner: Holly C Rickman
Current U.S. Class: Non/e
International Classification: G11B 5/73 (20060101); G11B 5/65 (20060101); C03C 17/36 (20060101);


text:
Harris picks up endorsement from black women's organization
by: ERRIN HAINES, Associated Press
2020 presidential candidate Senator Kamala Harris, participated in a forum by formerly incarcerated leaders at historic Eastern State Penitentiary in Philadelphia, Pa., on Monday, Oct. 28, 2019 (Miguel Martinez/The Philadelphia Inquirer via AP)
The country's largest online political organization aimed at electing black women is endorsing Kamala (KAH'-mah-lah) Harris, the lone black woman in the 2020 Democratic presidential primary.
Higher Heights co-founder Glynda Carr says the group chose to back the California senator because of her qualifications, record in elected office and commitment to issues affecting black women, including gun safety, health care and the economy.
Wednesday's endorsement comes as observers are questioning the viability of Harris' campaign. Harris is languishing in many polls and has lagged with black voters.
Higher Heights provided significant support during the 2018 midterms to candidates who helped usher in the most diverse Congress in history. It claims an online membership of 90,000 activists, donors, supporters and volunteers.


Speak with an MES consultant about smart manufacturing!
No matter which manufacturing industry your company is in, an MES implementation will help you quickly and sustainably improve your shop floor production.
When you contact us, our MES consultants will first gain a full understanding of your company and the manufacturing operations currently in place in order to get an idea about how DIAMES can be an effective solution. Once you experience DIAMES higher productivity and higher efficiency, you'll see a drastic increase to your company's bottom line and a better position compared to your competition.
Speak with an MES consultant for a better understanding of new MES-based opportunities. MES is in another league in respect to manufacturing business improvements. The current European I4 and American driven IIoT initiatives require an MES that's complementary to your ERP system to achieve the functionality you expect.
Since DIAMES has been implemented in a variety of manufacturing industries of different sizes, we are confident we can also help you grow your company by becoming more productive and more efficient with your existing manufacturing infrastructure.
All of our DIAMES clients have reported less loss, less waiting time, shorter cycle time, shorter throughput time, less downtime and an overall better quality product on the technical, administrative side. On the financial side, our well-organized customers have reported productivity improvements in the range of 15 – 30 % – mostly within 3 – 6 months after starting the DIAMES platform, resulting in a very attractive ROI!
There are companies that seriously struggle with increasing their bottom line and don't know where to begin to improve it. In most cases a new tool like an MES combined with a proactive manufacturing management approach provides the required difference to sustainably and quickly improve your existing productivity and efficiency.
If you're ready to give your business an opportunity to drastically improve achieved results, without changing the current infrastructure contact us today to speak with an MES consultant. We will come to you, explain in detail the DIAMES system with a life-link to a system in the cloud and discuss with you step-by-step how we can implement a DIAMES platform into your company.
CSM Systems SA (Pty) Ltd.


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McDonald's Rick and Morty Szechuan sauce is coming to New Zealand
200,000 packets of the sauce will be available to Kiwis starting March 4th
by Christian Saclao March 3, 2020, 1:24 am
McDonald's Szechuan sauce, made by popular by the animated series Rick and Morty, is set to debut in New Zealand.
The infamous sauce will be available to Kiwis at McDonald's restaurants across the country for a limited time starting Wednesday, March 4th. Earlier this week, the official Facebook page of McDonald's New Zealand teased the arrival of the sauce by sharing a photo of a Rick and Morty-like green portal and a hand coming through it. The hand is holding a chicken nugget coated with the familiar brown sauce. "Coming soon, the best sauce in the universe," read the caption.
Coming soon, the best sauce in the universe.
Posted by McDonald's on Sunday, March 1, 2020
In a follow-up comment, the fast-food chain revealed that packets of Szechuan sauce will only be "available after 10:30 a.m. … while stocks last." The company also confirmed that there will be 200,000 packets available to Kiwis.
"We wanted to give Kiwis the chance to try one of the rarest sauces in the world," McDonald's New Zealand managing director David Howse said. "There are 200,000 units of sauce, so that works out to be approximately 1 sauce for every 25 people."
First introduced in 1998 as part of a promotional tie-in with the animated Disney movie Mulan, the McDonald's Szechuan sauce was developed to resemble authentic Chinese Szechuan sauce. Packets of the sauce were originally included with Chicken McNugget Happy Meals and came with one of eight Mulan children's toys. When the Mulan promotion ended, the Szechuan Sauce was seemingly gone for good, until it made an unexpected resurgence in pop culture almost 20 years later after it was featured in the Season 3 premiere of Rick and Morty.
READ The Odwalla juice brand is getting shut down by Coca-Cola
Aired in 2017, the episode begins with Rick in a dream sequence ordering McDonald's food from within his memory to taste the long forgotten Szechuan sauce one last time. Rick also mentions the sauce in the latter part of the installment, telling Morty that it's his character's "story arc" to taste the sauce once again even if it takes nine seasons or 97 more years. Apparently, fans of the series became so curious about the sauce that they flooded McDonald's with requests to bring it back.
In October 2017, McDonald's finally re-released the sauce. But its limited supply resulted in fan outrage and massive effort to sell the packets on second-hand markets, like eBay and Amazon.
"Yesterday, we were truly humbled by the amazing curiosity, passion and energy this community showed to welcome back Szechaun sauce — even if just for one day. Thank you, a million times over," the chain said in a statement at the time, announcing the sauce's wider release within that year. "We want to make this right. You're some of the best fans in this, or any, dimension…and we plan to deliver on that promise as soon as possible. Stay tuned."
The first half of Rick and Morty Season 4 wrapped airing on Adult Swim last December. The second half of the 10-episode season, meanwhile, has no release date yet.
Sources: New Zealand Herald, ComicBook.com, TVWeb
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Waikiki, HI – ʻAlohilani Resort Waikiki Beach today announced the appointments of Executive Chef David Lukela, and the hire of Jed Inductivo to the new role of Director of Vibe. Inductivo alongside Chef Lukela will guide the overall guest experience in atmosphere and food and beverage programming, driving forward the property's fresh perspective on hospitality in Waikiki. The two have established an ʻAlohilani "Think Tank" that will be creating bold and innovative initiatives and unique offerings for ʻAlohilani guests. Both positions report to General Manager Matthew Grauso.
With over 18 years in the food and beverage industry Jed Inductivo will guide the overall programming, entertainment, ambiance, menus and service as ʻAlohilani's Director of Vibe. Prior to joining ʻAlohilani Resort, Inductivo co-founded and was VP of Operations of fresh BOX, a whole-food based meal kit delivery service start-up. Responsible for several aspects of the company's success including, operations, human resources, and sales and marketing, Inductivo continually grew the business year over year. Inductivo also previously held the position of General Manager of RumFire at the Sheraton Waikiki and Lounge Manager at NOBU Waikiki.
The wildly popular local chef David Lukela will work in tandem with Inductivo to establish special menus befitting of the many incredible spaces at the resort. The duo will create enticing fare for the seascape Swell Pool & Bar deck, the two-story Oceanarium destination at O Bar, abundant breakfast at Lychee and catering menus for the soon-to-be revealed expansive new ballroom and event spaces. From intriguing twists to time-honored Hawaiian ingredients to dishes incorporating seasonal local produce and flavors, Chef Lukela will put a new slant on what it means to enjoy resort food and beverage through his exceptional culinary approach. Before joining ʻAlohilani Resort, Chef Lukela oversaw a staff of 10 at the Beachhouse Restaurant at Moana Surfrider as well as at the Vintage Cave restaurant.
ʻAlohilani Resort Waikiki Beach sits where the city meets the sand with a sophisticated, awe-inspiring design that pays homage to Hawaii's rich cultural heritage. With airy rooms surrounded by serene blue and green ocean, Diamond Head and Waikiki, ʻAlohilani offers a refreshing balance of energy and relaxation in a lively, beachside location. ʻAlohilani Resort is a destination for travelers and locals alike with exclusive amenities including two restaurants by internationally acclaimed Iron Chef Masaharu Morimoto, a seascape pool deck with infinity pool, a soon to come signature beach experience, a captivating 280,000-gallon Oceanarium, a rooftop fitness experience including, sunset yoga, tennis lessons, batting cages, and more. Room rates start at $289 per night. For more information, visit www.alohilaniresort.com.


Amit Singal, Senior Vice President of search at Google, first introduced the algorithm as the company's latest and greatest effort to match the meaning of queries performed by users with the content of documents available on the Internet.
This may seem unsurprising: surely, this is the central aim of a search engine? But reading between the lines, it means that Google has received a fuel injection of sorts to make these appropriate matches both more efficient and more effective.
During the announcement of the new algorithm at the end of September, it was confirmed that the algorithm wasn't about to be sprung on unsuspecting SEOs. In fact, it had already been in place for a month, impacting 90% of Google worldwide searches……without anyone noticing!
Cue frantic rush to check previous ranking data and activity over the past four weeks to see if clients' ranking had been affected, and if so, how?
Our first step was to review ranking reports to identify any shifts or fluctuations leading up to the announcement of Hummingbird; we posted our finding on the Jellyfish seo blog.
SERPs.com graph highlighting fluctuations in search rankings around 21st August.
Mozcast charts showing search result volatility, with a peak on 20th August.
The graphs above, taken from the Jellyfish post, both show a peak in ranking fluctuations around a month before the official announcement of Hummingbird.
Although seasoned SEOs are now familiar with algorithm updates, as seen through Penguin and Panda upgrades that previously affected rankings, Hummingbird is a complete replacement of the existing algorithm. Therefore Hummingbird should be considered as a completely new algorithm rather than as another update.
An analytical blog by Danny Sullivan at Search Engine Land broke down this algorithm into layman's terms by comparing Hummingbird to replacing an engine in a car from the 1950's. Previous updates such as those seen to Panda and Penguin could be compared to replacing worn parts to make the engine run a little better. Hummingbird can be seen as replacing the old engine for a new, faster version which takes into consideration parts of the original engine that worked but needed updating – the switch was made so cleanly that nobody really noticed. The two engines both work the same way, but with the modernised version giving a more efficient output.
According to Amit Singal, the last time the algorithm saw such a massive overhaul was in 2001. However a similar "boost" could be cited in the 2010 Caffeine update. Although Caffeine was another update aimed at speeding up searches, it wasn't a complete replacement of the algorithm.
As mentioned earlier in this post, Hummingbird has been introduced to closer match queries with relevant results. One major point of this is "conversational search", where users type in full sentences rather than questions tailored to search engines – for example, "where can I buy a cup of coffee near to me?" rather than "coffee shop Brighton".
Hummingbird will now consider the value of the full sentence, rather than just generating a search based on several select words within a sentence.
The Guardian reported on what other effects Hummingbird will directly have on SERPs, and it would appear that SEOs can breathe a sigh of relief. Google didn't have a huge list of types of searches which will be affected by the introduction of the new algorithm, but did provide a few select examples. Pre-Hummingbird, a search on "acid reflex prescription" would have produced sites with lists of drugs whereas instead now the main search results link to more general information on how acid reflux is treated. This would therefore suggest that higher authority sites are now appearing higher in search results, pushing "spammy" sites further down in the SERPs.
Danny Sullivan also confirmed that Hummingbird itself shouldn't affect rankings, but the updates within it such as Panda and Penguin that are continuously being tweaked.
So, our final consensus is that Hummingbird is here to improve search results, particularly for more complex and conversational search queries, and (so far) seems to have far less immediate impact than Penguin / Panda.
Krystian Szastok works as a Senior SEO Manager at Jellyfish - a leading UK digital marketing agency. In his free time he enjoys staying fit, blogging, reading Terry Pratchett and watching gangster movies.
While in the short term hummingbird is tearing things up, I think in the long term it will be better for true content creators. Hummingbird is going for sites with more natural language and useful content and not just expertly placed strings.
Thanks for sharing those stats – you're the first site I've seen with such a large effect.
I've checked mine and the majority of my clients and didn't notice anything.
I guess unless you are operating in a field that attracts lots of spammers you wont be affected too much?
Good one on the post Hummingbird update season.
However, I had one query. I wished to inquire, since Hummingbird is such a critical change in the algorithm, rather a replacement of the earlier algorithm as you mentioned in the article, what changes do I need to make from product retail side? Apart from the content side where I need to include how to buy guides, what else can I do?
That's a great image. It almost feels like the sci-fi world of 'Nineteen Eighty-Four ' or 'Dark City'. The world of search is being changed in radical ways – and we don't even notice!
Mark – absolutely, the few examples where I saw changes were quite heavily overoptimised verticals.
Suraj – Thanks for your comment. From product retail side – I think yes, you should be including more content that answers questions of visitors.
One example I have which is great (UK based though) is 'ring sizes' query where no.1 site ranking is a known jeweller – they have the best guide for ring sizes on their website.
This way as a retailer they are driving visitors in that convert later on as now they know the brand etc.
Thanks Krystian, for clearly revealing the main objectives behind Humming bird update. After this update it seems that we need to write content based on user's search queries.
Is hummingbird fully implemented or is it expected to change and develop over time?
Do you have any resolution to prevent or rescue site if my site is effected by hummingbird algorithm?
With the introduction of Google Hummingbird algorithm update, those people who have good contents are awarded with good position in search engines and those people who have duplicated contents are kicked away from search engines. From that day, people are paying attention towards quality contents and Hummingbird victims are trying to get recover. Your post is pretty helpful to know about change in life after Hummingbird update.
Thanks for this post. This post clears the main objectives behind Humming bird update. Content Writers need to focus more on there good work and should write the content which is user friendly.
Another step forward for search engine results to be 'natural' and not forced through black hat techniques.
I personally look forward to the day (if it ever comes) where the idea of 'SEO' is redundant and there are no cheap fixes and techniques to shuffle rankings!
Thanks Krystian, still nice and relevant in 2014!
Good article to read when review the affects after a while of the algorithm running. the stats are quite common to a site of my clients.
Very good post on Google Hummingbird. I'm going to share this post around the office. This will inspire those that are tempted to stray, not to.
Great post love keep it up.
Thanks a lot for the information's. Loved it!


text:
Skrillex – [EP]
Inspiration. Dedication. Knowing what you are born to do. Skrillex's second album (the first one was free) Scary Monsters & Nice Sprites was an encounter that showed these three things quite surely are still in existence on this planet. I went into the album knowing nothing about Sonny "Skrillex" Moore's album. I was soon able to find out he was more Beiber than Will.i.Am.
No, not from the perspective of the fever, but that both of these artists were born to make music. After reading about the history of Sonny's life, I was inspired by his dedication to putting out the best music possible.
The first track of Scary Monsters & Nice Sprites, "Rock n' Roll," gives the feeling of freedom in music that you seek to hear. Sonny's dedication to music is heard through the track. The track somehow gives me the root of where Sonny came from – questions in his childhood from being an adopted child. The upbeat vibe of the track and the joyful vocals introduce you to the album with pure good vibes. The escape our parents once had with rock n' roll, we now have in tracks like this.
The next track, "Scary Monsters And Nice Sprites," is the hit track of the album. When they developed the album, I think Sonny and his team knew this and gave the release two additional remixes of the track.
Oddly enough, I stand on the outside for truly falling in love with "All I Ask of You." The amazing vocals from Penny lock down to the beat to create that perfect Ibiza sound you'll love to hear from your local sunset-watching-DJ. Listening to this track more than three times may cause you to have it stuck in your head, or cause you to sing when your mind starts to wander.
"Scatta" takes a hard left as the next track on the album. Going straight into a reggae vibe, we hear the diversity and background of Sonny's musical history. The reggae vibe of the track is spot on in the genre, but with enough electronic sound to remain within the family of music Skrillex's album represents.
The upbeat vibe of the album has an unbelievable final unique track before the remixes called "With you, Friends (Long Drive.)" This track leaves you wanting a vocal session but, while there is what seems to be vocals, no words can be deciphered except for "…my love." Well Sonny, music is my love, and you've helped make it grow with this release. To all you readers, this is an album you cannot miss.
www.skrillex.com/
www.myspace.com/skrillex
www.facebook.com/skrillex
www.twitter.com/skrillex
The Scary Monsters & Nice Sprites EP is out now. Buy it here on Amazon .


Declan Fitzhenry Operations Manager at Citystay Limited chats with our Hospitality Expert own Glenn Haussman about the serviced Apartment Sector's eager anticipation of an online travel agency built-for-business and how BridgeStreet has changed the game for Travel Managers and Relocation Agents alike.
Glenn: Hey everybody, welcome back to Here To Stay TV. I'm with Declan Fitzhenry of City Stay Limited and we're talking about bridgestreet.com, the brand new OTA that's here to create opportunity for all the folks with serviced apartments. Tell us a little bit about your company so we can understand where you're coming from.
Declan: We are a Cambridge-based serviced apartment provider in the UK, so just 45 minutes from London. We've been providing serviced apartments to the corporate industry for the last eight years now, and this new channel really is something that industry and the sector's been missing for at least the last two years. It's something that we've been looking for, something that we've been wanting, and I'm really pleased that BridgeStreet brought this to the market. Hopefully the next 12 months to 2 years is going to find out how it's going to go. We're happy to be on board with it.
Glenn: Do you feel like more people are going to be able to get an understanding on what this business is all about because of bridgestreet.com?
Declan: I think that's one of the major challenges for the sector as a whole and if this channel and this site can further the message of the benefits of serviced apartments, then yeah, of course, it's going to do it.
Glenn: Excellent, and that's what it's all about, bringing opportunity to folks like Declan over here. I'm Glenn Haussman for Here To Stay TV. Thanks for watching.
Watch as Paul Rands of BridgeStreet describes what an Aparthotel is. If you've ever wondered what an apart hotel is, watch this video to find out. Paul also describes the BridgeStreet brand Mode and how it differs from other serviced apartment or traditional hotel experiences.


How Did an Ancient Egyptian Symbol Influence It?
The Coptic cross is a symbol of Coptic Christianity, the primary denomination of Egyptian Christians today. The cross comes in a number of different forms, some of which are obviously influenced by the older, pagan ankh symbol of eternal life.
Coptic Christianity developed in Egypt under Saint Mark, writer of the Gospel of Mark. The Copts became separated from mainstream Christianity at the Council of Chalcedon in 451 CE over theological differences. Egypt was then conquered by Muslim Arabs in the 7th century. The result is that Coptic Christianity developed largely independently of other Christian communities, developing their own beliefs and practices. The church is officially known as the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria and is led by its own pope. In the last few decades, the Coptic and Greek Orthodox churches have reached agreement on a variety of matters, including recognizing each others' marriages and baptisms as legitimate sacraments.
Early versions of the Coptic cross was a fusion of the Orthodox Christian cross and pagan Egyptian ankh. The Orthodox cross has three cross beams, one for arms, a second, sloped one for the feet, and a third at the time for the INRI label placed above Jesus's head. The early Coptic cross is missing the foot beam but includes a circle around the upper beam. The result from a pagan perspective is an ankh with an equal-armed cross inside the loop. For Copts, the circle is a halo representing divinity and resurrection. Halos or sunbursts with similar meaning are also sometimes found on orthodox crosses.
The pagan Egyptian ankh was a symbol of eternal life. Specifically, it was the eternal life granted by the gods. In images the ankh is commonly held by a god, sometimes offering it to the nose and mouth of the deceased to grant the breath of life. Other images have streams of ankhs poured over pharaohs. Thus, it is not an unlikely symbol of resurrection for early Egyptian Christians.
Some Coptic organizations continue to utilize the ankh without modifications. One example is the United Copts of Great Britain, which use an ankh and a pair of lotus flowers as their website logo. The lotus flower was another important symbol in pagan Egypt, relating to creation and resurrection because of the way they appear to emerge from water in the morning and descend in the evening. The American Coptic website bears an equal-armed cross set within what is clearly an ankh. A sunrise is set behind the symbol, another reference to resurrection.
Today, the most common form of Coptic cross is an equal-armed cross which may or may not incorporate a circle behind it or at its center. Each arm often ends with three points representing the Trinity, although this is not a requirement.


text: This directory contains simple comand-line utilities that use lemma.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
PFS welcomes FCA's deferral of CPD rules
FCA - making CPD changes
The Personal Finance Society has backed FCA's changes to mandatory Continuing Professional Development (CPD) requirements during the Coronavirus outbreak.
The FCA will temporarily allow individuals to carry over uncompleted CPD hours to the next CPD year if their circumstances prevent them from carrying out CPD this year.
This will apply to CPD years ending before 1 April 2021.
Keith Richards, chief executive of the PFS which has 40,000 members and awards the Chartered Financial Planner designation, said: "We welcome this further acknowledgement from the FCA that some advisers will have genuine difficulties completing CPD at this time and it also means that we don't have to add further stress or unnecessary pressure on individuals, just because the rules weren't written for a pandemic.
"I believe this is a sensible position for the FCA to take as it allows flexibility and discretion but of course should not be seen (by firms or advisers) as an option not to complete their CPD obligations where possible.
"I am pleased to say that the majority generally exceed the minimum hours required annually, so even with the current impact may not have to rely on the flexibility introduced by the regulator and of course for others the current situation may mean that they have had more time to complete CPD activities.
The PFS had reminded advisers who need to defer CPD compliance into 2021 to bear in mind that any gap for 2020, will need to be made up during 2021.
Last modified on Thursday, 28 May 2020 12:01
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You have already heard the stories from Ladakh and always wanted to visit this part of the mighty Himalayas.
The easy way out is to fly to Leh and visit the monasteries and return. But then you miss the point. The best part of travelling to Leh is the road to Leh itself. Mahindra Adventure has been organising self-driving expeditions to this spectacular part of our country for over seven years now. The Monastery Escape is the marquee event from Mahindra Adventure and starts from Delhi and goes to Leh via the challenging Manali-Leh route with stops at Manali, Jispa and Tsomoriri. This stretch takes you through some of the highest mountain passes and high altitude lakes in the whole world. After a well-deserved break in Leh where you can do the Gompa trail, the event shifts its focus to the enchanting Nubra valley. And yes, you get to cross the highest motor able road in the world, Khardung La too. This well curated trip offers the best possible accommodation on the way, exposure to local cuisine and of course a well maintained 4×4 Mahindra vehicle for you to drive. An ace service team will take care of your car while a travelling doctor will attend to you in case you find it tough to deal with the altitudes involved. We call the monastery escape a 'life changing' adventure and needless to say you will cherish the memories for the rest of your life.
Seats fill up pretty fast and you need to hurry to be part of the convoy.


Airway blockage may be caused by excess tissue in the throat or nasal passage, large tonsils, a large tongue, and sometimes the structure of the jaw itself.
If you suspect you have OSA, please see your physician for a referral to a sleep center. If you have been diagnosed with OSA and have been prescribed a CPAP machine, but find you cannot use it The Moses Appliance may be an effective alternative.


The state of Texas nearly 270,000 square miles and home to 30 million people. As the 2nd largest state by land area, it's also the second biggest based upon population. The Lone Star State is bordered by four states that include New Mexico, Arkansas, Oklahoma, and Louisiana. Its immense population base coupled with diverse workforce helps people understand why there are in excess of 500 accredited colleges in the state spread among 254 various counties. Approximately sixty community colleges and technical colleges can be found around Texas. Noteworthy and top ranked community colleges in Texas include Collin College, North Lake College, Cedar Valley College, Galveston College, Lee College, Northwest Vista College, Lamar State College, Western Texas College, Coastal Bend College, and Blinn College.
Community colleges are public institutions that are partially funded by the state of Texas. They are known for their affordability and quality education plus a guaranteed admissions policy for all qualifying students. By combining convenience with quality and affordability, you arrive at the reason why community colleges serve millions of students every year. Typically, students can expect to complete degree and certificate programs in less than 2-years of full time study at a community college. Associate degrees can be parlayed into a bachelor's degree by transferring to a 4-year university upon completion. Likewise, students can step directly into the workforce after completion of a degree or certificate if that path makes more sense.
Begin your journey by sorting community colleges by salient criteria such as geography, enrollment, academics, and graduation rate. Narrow the list, request information from top rated schools via our portal, and work to reduce your list of colleges further after receiving admissions information. Remember to surround yourself with encouraging, positive people. Together you can help each other strive to be the very best you can be & utilize education to pave a way to a brighter future.
The table below lists all the other community colleges in Texas that do not belong to any large metropolitan or urban concentrated area. The table also displays the "Rate" column, which is the percent of students completing course work.


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Each month, content shown on our digital portal will be moved here to live on the shelf. You can always access previous content here. As a general rule, we will never ask anyone to pay for public reports or overviews of our community investment. However, we ask that you enable us to continue our work by paying for some of the creative media found below.
We are always interested to hear about how the work impacts you. Please reach out through our contact form if you are interested in using our content or to schedule a public viewing. We invite all forms of collaboration.


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HOME |	Business & Economy (Click here for more)
Turkey Launches High-Speed Rail Line Linking Europe with Asia
ISTANBUL – Turkey has completed a section of train tracks that could one day take passengers from London to Beijing, President Recep Tayyip Erdogan said on Tuesday.
The "modern Silk Road Project," also called Central Corridor, connects the European and Asian sides of Istanbul.
It provides direct connections between Bulgaria in the west and the Turkish capital Ankara in the east, although no official route has been formally established between the two countries, Turkey's General Directorate of Railways told EFE.
"This is the Istanbul part of the Silk Road that starts in London and ends in Beijing," said Erdogan, adding, "with this new route, a person can go from London to Beijing."
Erdogan sat in the cabin and drove the first train to provide a service from Kartal station in Europe to the Maltepe terminal on the city's Asian side.
Around 1.7 million passengers are expected to use the 63 kilometer-long (39 miles) railway line daily, the state rail service said.
Work on the stretch, which includes more than 35 stations, began in 2004 and has reportedly cost 1.38 billion euros ($1.6 billion).
"This line will transport 1.7 million people daily and it will be able to ease the traffic of Istanbul," Erdogan said.
The infrastructure has three separate railway lines, two for commuter trains and one for high-speed service, and was according to Turkish State Railways the world's longest urban and also intercontinental rail link.
It will extend the high-speed lines from the current terminus in the Pendik district of Istanbul on the Asian side through to the station in the Halkali district, on the European side, Erdogan added.
The Marmaray tunnel under the Bosporus, that connects Asia and Europe in Istanbul, was inaugurated in 2013, an engineering achievement in which the Spanish construction company OHL participated.
The Transport Workers Union accused the government of having brought the inauguration forward to coincide with campaigning for local elections due on March 31 without having fully completed the necessary safety checks that were due and warned of the risk of accidents.


Drive off the beaten path with the Off-Road SUV. Equipped with a trailer hitch, removable roof, and even a roof rack for your kayaks, this SUV has everything needed for an outdoor adventure. Set includes three figures, two kayaks, and other accessories. Recommended for ages four years and up. Dimensions: 17.2x4.1x3.9 inches (LxWxH).Warning. Choking Hazard. Small parts. Not for children under 3 years.


Amazfit isn't a household name, and neither is Huami, the Chinese firm behind the brand. However, you may have heard of Xiaomi, the smartphone maker for which Huami produces many wearable products; it's perhaps this vital connection which has ensured that the Amazfit Bip has become one of the most notable contenders in the budget smartphone arena.
Available online for around £45, this low-cost device isn't really a smartphone as such as it doesn't run an OS like the Apple Watch or WearOS devices – you can't install apps or anything as fancy as that.


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EntreComp Café en español 30 de enero
Inspiring Practices from across Europe
EntreComp: A Practical Guide
Pocket Guide for Aspiring Entrepreneurs
The Youth Workers' Competence Framework for Entrepreneurial Learning
Learning Materials on Employability
My Entrepreneurial Self
Teacher Focus Group: Final Report
Integrating EntreComp into Lifelong Learning: Collated national and transnational practices
Collaborative Community Strategy: Data analysis and country strategies
The EntreComp Community Platform
EntreComp Open Badges: Recognising entrepreneurial practice
As the EntreComp Europe project comes to a close after three exciting years delivering entrepreneurial education training and activities in Belgium, Italy, Spain, Turkey, Moldova and beyond, the project partners take an opportunity to share several publications created during this project. We hope that these resources will provide useful insights and inspiration for your own entrepreneurial learning journey.
Click a title in the list for more details.
My Entrepreneurial Self: Recognition/Assessment tool to support recognition of EntreComp Competences for young people through youthwork
Collaborative Community Strategy: Data analysis and country strategies (Belgium, Italy, Spain, Moldova, Turkey)
Inspiring Practices from across Europe is a compendium of selected projects that have adapted and implemented the EntreComp framework and its key competences for their own needs and purposes. The five national EntreComp Europe Collaborative Communities have contributed to this mapping exercise with case studies on some of their own projects, practices, tools and learning programmes. Through these inspiring practices, the aim is to inform the wider public on how EntreComp is currently being used across Europe, and to inspire others engaged in entrepreneurial learning development to seek, design and implement the EntreComp Framework.
EntreComp: A Practical Guide is a partial adaptation, and later translation, of two key EntreComp publications: 'EntreComp into Action: get inspired, make it happen' and 'EntreComp: The Entrepreneurship Competence Framework'. This publication aims to highlight key aspects of the EntreComp Framework and adapt them to the realities of the project. Key in this work were the translations carried out by project partners, allowing the guide to be used during local events especially were resources in local languages are not as readily available.
This publication is available in all project languages: English, French, Italian, Spanish, Romanian and Turkish.
download english
download french
download italian
download spanish
download romanian
Download turkish
Published December 2022
The Pocket Guide for Aspiring Entrepreneurs was published in connection with Erasmus for Young Entrepreneurs. With detailed analysis of the three core section of the EntreComp Framework, and a variety of handy tools the Pocket Guide represents a further step in informing, promoting and inspiring the development of entrepreneurial learning based on EntreComp. It targets primarily young entrepreneurs, within or outside existing ventures.
The Youth Workers' Competence Framework for Entrepreneurial Learning aims to provide and entrepreneurship competence framework for youth workers thus supporting youth workers and youth trainers to deliver entrepreneurial competences through their local and international activities. It focuses on the most essential competences to support youth workers on youth entrepreneurship through their activities. It includes competences which are needed to prepare, implement, and evaluate entrepreneurship activities nationally/internationally in the field of youth work.
dowload
Learning Materials on Employability presents a compilation of flexible learning materials, for adult trainers and educators, that can be incorporated in a curriculum or a training course. They are intended to work around a range of existing materials as a complement, in order to develop the EntreComp competences. They can also be used as inspiration for trainers, to open up ideas of why and how the EntreComp competences should and could be embedded into training for employability.
The report on the 'My Entrepreneurial Self' project discusses the objectives, resources, audience and implementation of this recognition and assessment tool including an analysis of the tool development and testing. The project developed an EntreComp self-assessment tool for youth which was adapted and tested with young people to explore feasibility and to explore whether it is feasible to provide a practical and useful self-evaluation for young people as a learning experience.
Published August 2022
The report on the 'Teacher Focus Group' discussed the objectives, resources, audience and implementation of this recognition and assessment tool including an analysis of the group development and activities. This included the development of the pick and mix suite of learning materials to be piloted across secondary schools and VET centres – testing new and adapting existing teaching and assessment practices. It draws from the EntreLearn Toolkit.
Continuing from the previously published 'Inspiring Practices', Integrating EntreComp into Lifelong Learning: Collated national and transnational practices presents twelve entrepreneurial projects, tools and organisations to drive the implementation of EntreComp as a tool for lifelong learning, to place a focus on the transversal skills needed to be entrepreneurial citizens creating social, cultural, and economic value for others through their actions. Through these inspiring national and transnational practices, the aim is to inform the wider public on how EntreComp can be used, and to inspire others engaged in entrepreneurial learning development to seek, design and implement the EntreComp Framework.
Published March 2021, Revised April 2022
Collaborative Community Strategy contains information about each national community: Belgium, Italy, Spain, Moldova, and Turkey. It analyses the communities, their composition, their members, and their knowledge and use of the EntreComp framework. The objectives of the strategies of each partner country will be outlined, as well as the actions to achieve the objectives of each community.
The EntreComp Community Platform presents the rationale and development behind the entrepreneurial learning platform with the same name. the report details how the platform was developed, how it is tailored to the needs of EntreComp Europe and describes the features available to all community members.
Created by the EntreComp Europe Pillar for Assessment and Recognition, EntreComp Open Badges: Recognising entrepreneurial practice details how during the first years of the EntreComp Europe project, the project team worked for the design of assessment and recognition pathways to enable the acknowledgement of the EntreComp competences. It serves as a guide for organisations and projects looking to promote the EntreComp Framework and support its use.
All publications are free to use and adapt when the correct attribution is provided. For any question, please contact entrecomp@bantani.com. To discover more publication related to EntreComp and entrepreneurial learning, visit the EntreComp Library.
The content of all publications listed represent the views of the author only and is their sole responsibility; it cannot be considered to reflect the views of the European Commission and/or the Executive Agency for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (EASME), or any other body of the European Union. The European Commission and the Agency do not accept any responsibility for use that may be made of the information this publication contains.
© 2023 EntreComp Europe is co-funded by the COSME programme of the European Union Privacy Policy
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Watch Now: First Trailer For 'The Dark Crystal: Age Of Resistance'
By The Movie God | @ | Thursday, May 30th, 2019 at 9:15 pm
We first found out about a prequel to Jim Henson's 1982 classic The Dark Crystal coming to Netflix two years ago. Now the first trailer for the series, titled The Dark Crystal: Age of Resistance, has been released online.
The prequel alone was already exciting, but the series also features an insane voice cast led by Taron Egerton, Anya Taylor-Joy, and Nathalie Emmanuel, who play three Gelfling heroes named Rian, Brea, and Deet.
You can find more info on the show, see the rest of the crazy cast, and of course check out the first trailer below.
Based on The Dark Crystal, Jim Henson's groundbreaking 1982 feature film, The Dark Crystal: Age of Resistance tells a new epic story, set many years before the events of the movie, and realized using classic puppetry with cutting edge visual effects.
The world of Thra is dying. The Crystal of Truth is at the heart of Thra, a source of untold power. But it is damaged, corrupted by the evil Skeksis, and a sickness spreads across the land. When three Gelfling uncover the horrific truth behind the power of the Skeksis, an adventure unfolds as the fires of rebellion are lit and an epic battle for the planet begins.
Starring alongside Egerton, Taylor-Joy, and Emmanuel as fellow Gelfling characters in Age of Resistance is Caitriona Balfe, Helena Bonham Carter, Harris Dickinson, Natalie Dormer, Eddie Izzard, Theo James, Toby Jones, Shazad Latif, Gugu Mbatha-Raw, Mark Strong, and Alicia Vikander.
Voicing the Skeksis and Mystics is Harvey Fierstein, Mark Hamill, Ralph Ineson, Jason Isaacs, Keegan-Michael Key, Ólafur Darri Ólafsson, Simon Pegg, and Andy Samberg.
Also voicing characters is Donna Kimball, Alice Dinnean, Louise Gold, Neil Sterenberg, and Victor Yerrid.
The Dark Crystal: Age of Resistance is set to arrive on Netflix on August 30th.
The journey begins as darkness rises. Join three Gelfling heroes on an epic quest to save their world.
Topics: News, Television, Trailers
Tags: Alice Dinnean, Alicia Vikander, Andy Samberg, Anya Taylor-Joy, Ólafur Darri Ólafsson, Caitriona Balfe, Donna Kimball, Eddie Izzard, Gugu Mbatha-Raw, Harris Dickinson, Harvey Fierstein, Helena Bonham Carter, Jason Isaacs, Jim Henson, Keegan Michael Key, Lisa Henson, Louise Gold, Mark Hamill, Mark Strong, Natalie Dormer, Nathalie Emmanuel, Neil Sterenberg, Netflix, Ralph Ineson, Shazad Latif, Simon Pegg, Taron Egerton, The Dark Crystal, The Dark Crystal: Age of Resistance, The Jim Henson Company, Theo James, Toby Jones, Victor Yerrid
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Free Genealogy » Iowa » Biography of Charles M. Branch
Biography of Charles M. Branch
Leave a Comment	/ Iowa, Kansas
Charles M. Branch, a resident of Kansas since 1873, is a banker of thirty years experience and is president of the Citizens Bank of Hutchinson, one of the few institutions in the state with resources of over $1,000,000.
Mr. Branch was born at Vinton, Benton County, Iowa, September 27, 1859. His English ancestors first settled in Vermont, and his grandfather, Minor Branch, moved his family from that state to Northern Indiana in pioneer times, and died in Indiana before Charles M. Branch was born.
Phineas C. Branch, father of the Hutchinson banker, was one of the pioneer homesteaders of Reno County, Kansas. He was born in Vermont in 1825, spent part of his boyhood in his native state, and went with his parents to LaPorte County, Indiana, where he grew to manhood. He married at Galena, Illinois, and soon afterwards moved to Vinton County, Iowa, where he located on a farm. In 1861 he enlisted as a private in the Thirteenth Regiment of Iowa Infantry and was all through the war, a faithful soldier in practically every engagement in which his regiment participated. He was in many of the important campaigns of the Middle West and fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg. After the war he took up dentistry, practicing both at Vinton, Iowa, and Galena, Illinois. In 1873, coming to Kansas, he exercised his old soldier's rights and homesteaded 160 acres near Peace in Reno County. That homestead he developed as a farm and continued to live upon it until a few years before his death. He also preempted a 160-acre timber claim and had the 320 acres as his scene of farming activities. He lived his last few years retired at Hutchinson, where he died January 2, 1912. He was for many years a republican but later was affiliated with the prohibition party. During the '70s he served as a county commissioner. He was a very active member of the First Baptist Church and was affiliated with the Grand Army of the Republic. Phineas C. Branch married Sarah C. Chapin, who was born in Massachusetts in 1826 and died at Hutchinson September 9, 1902. There were only two children: Charles M. and Andrew, the latter a mechanic and contractor living at Sterling, Kansas.
Charles M. Branch was fourteen years of age when his parents removed to Kansas. In the meantime he had attended public school at Vinton, Iowa, continued his education in Sterling, Kansas, and remained a factor on the old home farm with his father until twenty-six years of age. For five terms altogether he taught school in Rice and Reno counties.
Mr. Branch's first experience in banking was as bookkeeper with the Rice County Bank at Sterling, where he remained on duty until October 3, 1887. At that date he came to Hutchinson as bookkeeper for the First National Bank and was subsequently advanced to assistant cashier. January 1, 1902, he entered the Citizens Bank as cashier and in January, 1915, was elected its president.
The Citizens Bank of Hutchinson was established in August, 1892, as a state bank by J. B. Mackay. The bank occupies a substantial building at the corner of Seventh Avenue and North Main Street. This is a two story stone structure erected in 1886, with the bank on the first floor, the second floor being used for other business purposes. The Citizens Bank had a capital stock of $200,000, surplus and profits of $145,000, while its deposits, according to a recent statement, approximated $1,350,000. The present officers of the bank are: Charles M. Branch, president; J. B. Mackay, vice president; G. C. Pells, cashier; and Grover C. Harris, assistant cashier.
Mr. Branch is still interested in farming, having a place of 160 acres seven miles south of Nickerson. He owned much city real estate in Hutchinson, including a number of dwelling houses, and at 507 Sherman Avenue, East, he built his own modern home in 1911. He is a republican in politics, and as the head of the Citizens Bank is a member of the Kansas Bankers' Association and the American Bankers' Association. On January 5, 1910, at Topeka, Mr. Branch married Miss Lenora Scott, a native of Illinois.
Branch,
Benton County IA, Hutchinson Kansas, Reno County KS, Rice County KS, Sterling Kansas, Vinton Iowa,