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Posted on September 28, 2020 December 18, 2020 by tedpateas
140 Thousand years of foraging gave Homo sapiens some religious concepts. In the Altamura Cave in Spain, we have found paintings from 35,600 years ago.
In the Serra da Capivara National Park in Brazil, there are paintings that show human figures and animals in complex scenarios. These paintings show supernatural beings , hunting, dancing, sexual activity and battle. They depicted animals common to the forest area of the region. The dates of these paintings is in dispute because of the concepts about how soon Homo sapiens got to the Americas.
17,000 year old paintings have been located in the Lascaux Caves in south western France. One of the bulls is 17 feet in length.
Gobekli Tepe, in eastern Turkey, has two sets of art dating to 10,000 – 8,000 years before Christ. In the pre-pottery neolithic A art, 20 circles of 200 megaliths, up to 20 feet tall and weighing up to ten tons, were lifted and fitted into bedrock sockets. These are the earliest megaliths we know about.
In the pre-pottery neolithic B era smaller pillars were erected in rectangular rooms standing on a limestone floor.
These early structures existed before Homo sapiens learned to make pottery and pre dated the start of agriculture. It seems these structures were of importance to the foragers who lived in villages somewhere near this site at least part of the year. Archeologists assume it took 500 people to carve out these pillars and move them from the quarry to the site. By 8.000 BCE the site no longer had relevance to the new residences but they didn't"t just abandon it to the weather but covered it over with refuse and dirt creating the tell that now exists.
The archeologists assume it was a central location for a cult of the dead and the animals carved on the pillars were there to protect the dead. It seems that the "temple was built before cities were built". This site is within 20 miles (30 K) of Karaca Dag, where modern wheat was first domesticated.
275 miles to the east of Gobekli Tepe, the society we know as Sumer arose. This civilization began between 4500 – 4000 BCE. They kept their cosmology and mythology alive with aural transmission until the earliest historical records, dating to 2900 BC. The first leaders of Sumer were priests and religious figures and they lived in temples. They mediated with the gods and helped society develop it's agriculture with irrigation.
This land between the TigrIs and Euphrates rivers is very dry and dusty and as agriculture got started, irrigation was necessary for it's success.
The Sumerian creation myth believed the universe had come into being through a series of cosmic births. Nammu, the primeval waters, gave birth to Ki, the earth and An, the sky. They mated and Ki produced a son, Enlil, who was the god of air, winds and storms. He separated An and Ki, and carried of the earth as his domain.
An carried off the sky. Nammu and An produced a son Enki, who was the god of water, knowledge, mischief, crafts and creation.
Enki had a consort Ninhursag, the lady of the mountain, she was the mother goddess and made humans from lumps of clay.
They believed in 3 (7) domes in the sky covering a flat earth. These domes were heaven and reserved only for the gods. When a person died, their souls went to Kur, a dark shadowy underworld place, located deep below the earth's surface. Here the inhabitants were believed to lead a shadowy version of life on earth. All souls went to Kur, and a person"s actions in life had no relationship to their afterlife. These souls ate nothing but dry dust and the family members poured water to the dead through clay pipes. The style of the burial took on some significance in these later years, when those well buried fared better in the afterlife and those poorly buried, haunted the living.
All of Sumer's religion got extrapolated throughout Mesopotamia, among the Akkadians, to their north, through Assyria to the north west and later through Babylon. The female goddesses got new names, but they always had to do with the essence of mother, and sexuality.
It is possible that the Sumerians had lived along the east coast of the Persian Gulf before it was flooded at the end of the ice age. Their story of the flood seems to have been transmitted to the early parts of the Hebrew Bible.
Two thousand years after Sumer arose, around 2500 BC the temples were replaced as the cultural centers and palaces were built for their military kings, Lu-gals ("man"+ "big"). In Sumer these kings had to intercede with the gods to deliver benefits to the people.
An epic poem called Gilgamesh was written about a likely Lu-gal of Uruk between 2800 and 2500 BC. He was a brutal and oppressive ruler who made his subjects work in forced labor or sexually abused them. An creates a wild man Enkidu. After a prostitute, Shamhat, tames Enkidu, he goes to Uruk to confront Gilgamesh. They fight, but in the end they become friends and travel together all over Sumer.
They cross to the Cedar Forest, guarded by Humbaba. Gilgamesh prays to Shamash, a female goddess, who blows wind into Humbaba's eyes. He begs for his life, but Gilgamesh kills him.
Gilgamesh comes back to Urdu and Ishtar, a female goddess, asks him to be her consort but Gilgamesh refuses. Ishtar asks An, her father, for the Bull of Heaven which she sends to kill Gilgamesh. Enkidu and Gilgamesh kill the Bull and celebrate but Ishtar is furious and demands one of them must die.
When Enkidu dies from a disease sent by the gods, Gilgamesh becomes afraid of his mortality and sets out to find Utnapishtim, the sole survivor of the flood and who is immortal. He travels over great distances and in the end he realizes that he has failed and cannot become immortal.
These tales must have travelled to Ancient Greece, for there are similarities in the Iliad and the Odyssey of Homer that mirror Gilgamesh's story.
Between 1500 and 1200 BC, the prophet Zoroaster is regarded as the founder of the Zoroastrianism, which is the worlds first monotheistic faith. He was born in northeastern Iran or southwestern Afghanistan. His tribe must have had a polytheistic culture similar to early Hinduism.
A look at the map shows the Persians spread the Zaroastrian religion over Asia from the Indus Valley, in India and Pakistan, across Afghanistan, all of Iran and Mesopotamia, across Turkey, to the Aegean Sea, up into Bulgaria and Romania, across Jordan, Palestine and Israel, in Africa, to the west as far as Benghazi, in Libya and up the Nile as far as Khartoum in the Sudan. Persepolis ruled over 50 million people, 44% of the worlds population. The Persian leaders did not force their religion on their subjects but they celebrated it themselves.
The Nile Valley was long used by the Homo Sapiens who left Africa on their way to Europe and the Far East. At the end of the Stone Age, there had been some semi nomadic people, who had started cultivating grain and domesticating animals. Archaeologists found some of their settlements, on the east side of the Nile. near Bandary.
The religion of Neolithic and predynastic Egypt appears to have been animistic nature worship, with each village or town with its own spirit in the form of an animal, bird, reptile, tree, plant or object. The spirit was always in something that played a prominent part in the life of the people of that locality. The spirits fell into two general groups – that which was friendly and helpful, such as cattle or hawks or baboons, or that which was menacing and powerful such as the crocodile, the hippopotamus or snakes. In both cases, the favour of the spirit had to be solicited with a set formula of words and action, and they had to have houses built for them and offerings made to them.
The original inhabitants, 5000-4400 BC, are called, the Badarians. In their cemeteries they buried the dead lying on their left sides, in a fetal position facing the west, covered in a matting. They had fine materials with them, beautiful ceramics, decorated plates and bowls, cosmetic utensils including makeup palettes, decorative combs, female goddesses made of ivory or clay. They had a myriad of naturalistic gods and idols.
The Badarians were overrun by the Amaratians (Naquadi I), who took over the area between 4500-3100 BC and they are credited as being the first Egyptians. They really started to cultivate the fertile land near the river and hunted for meat. They lived in villages and each village had it"s own animal deity which was identified with a clan emblem. From this came the Egyptian nomes with their own totems – the gods of the dynastic pantheon.
HIERAKONPOLIS …. NEKHEN
Here is where the first kings arose in ancient Egypt. These people seemed to wage a battle to control Chaos (ISFT) and tried to bring Order (Maat). This region was first settled about 4500 BCE.
The religion was interwoven into not only the ruling power, but into life itself. The deity of the town was who the people turned to, through the government, to prevent the everyday hazards of living – magic, spells, charms, folklore and amulets. They appealed to the deity for protection against hazards and to intercede on their behalf for anything from the Nile flooding to sowing and harvest to protection from poisonous animals to childbirth.
As the spirits became gods, in each town or village, the deity had its own temple staffed by priests, who dealt with the deity's daily wants. In return for these services, the god was thought to protect its people, ensuring fertility and well-being. But if the needs weren't met, the deity might call down wrath on the community in the form of plague or famine or other such natural disasters.
The totemic origin of the Egyptian religion is that of great antiquity. From spirits worshiped through animals, plants and even mountains to being the standard of the town itself, then to being the god of the town. The standard of the nome clearly showed which deity protected the town. And, as the town gained prominence, so too did the town's standard.
The Amaratian art improved and they made pottery with animals and human figures hunting or praying. The first signs of papyrus bundle boats appeared. The female goddess appeared in multiple settings and bearded male figures were carved into "magic wands".
Their graves held statuettes to keep them company in the afterlife. The dead were buried with food, weapons, amulets, ornaments, decorated vases and palettes.
By 3500BC, the Naqada II people superceded the Naqadan I. They had mastered the art of agriculture and had begun the use of man made irrigation. They no longer had to hunt for food and they started to live in towns, with a higher density of population than had existed in the villages.
These Gerzean people expanded the artwork that was done, new styles of pottery and copper metalwork was done and they used copper knives.
They traded with far distant peoples for copper and other goods (they traded much further than the previous two cultures) – silver, lapis lazuli, lead, cylinder seals were some goods traded for from Asia and Mesopotamia. Foreign influences through their trading began to show in their style of dress, ornaments and various implements. Radical changes in the design of knives, daggers and pottery were made by the Gerzeans.
They created cast-metal implements and weapons. They created a wide array of animal shaped ceremonial palettes and some shield shaped palettes that were the predecessors of the ceremonial palettes that were used in Dynastic Egypt. They created the images and totems of the Falcon, symbol of the Sun god Ra, and the cow, symbol of the love goddess Hathor.
The graves they created were larger, the dead were not buried in any particular orientation and there was some sign of ritual due to shattered pottery in the graves. The grave goods gave archeologists the sense that classes of people seem to have arisen by this time.
There was a Zoo in NEKHEM about 3400 BCE. The first rulers caught and captured animals that represented Chaos and animals that represented Order. They held them captive and demonstrated the rulers power to preserve order. They were killed when the ruler died. The first animal unearthed was a baboon. They found Hippopotamus and Crocodile and Elephants buried here. This occurred for several generations but later, they created a barricade and gathered the animals and paraded them and ritually killed them to feed the people in the center of Nekhem.
A ritual palace temple with postholes big enough for tree trunks was found in Nekhem, the cult center for Horus of Nekhem. It had a large oval courtyard, surrounded by various buildings and is the forerunner of the royal ritual precincts of the early Dynastic period. This is the root of Egyptian kingship.
The Naqada III had many territorial divisions, known as nomes. They had their own sacred animal or plant that became the totem, fetish or emblem of that territory. This fetish was depicted on the pottery of that nome. These nomes resulted in two states Upper and Lower Egypt. Each state had its own king. Later the Pharos unified Egypt into a national state. In Egypt the Pharaoh was the direct dispenser of all good fortune in the country.
Horus and Nekhbet, the vulture goddess of Al Kab, came to represent Upper Egypt. In Lower Egypt, Set and Udjo, the cobra goddess of Buto, were worshiped. In later Egyptian history, the vulture and cobra were united in the royal diadem, to represent dominion over both lands. So when Nekhem became the most powerful town, Horus became the god par excellence. The rulers started to identify themselves as the living embodiment of the hawk god.
The growth of the Egyptian religion is one of the reasons why Egypt ended up with such a complex and polythestic religious system. When a town grew in prominence, so did the god. When the town was deserted, the god disappeared. Only a few of the many deities ended up in the Egyptian pantheon, and even then their popularity waxed and waned through the thousands of years of Egyptian history. Another reason for complexity was when people moved, their god did, too. This meant that at the new town, there was sometimes a battle between the old and new gods – but the Egyptian gods were easily merged, with other gods taking over that god's attributes and abilities! So it is that some of the ancient gods of Neolithic and Predynastic Egypt came to national prominence are considered to be some of the main gods in the Egyptian pantheon today: Amun of Thebes, Ptah of Hikuptah (Memphis), Horus (the Elder) of Nekhem, Set of Tukh (Ombos), Ra of Iunu (Heliopolis), Min of Gebtu (Koptos), Hathor of Dendra and Osiris of Abydos.
This situation remained through many centuries until some Egyptians became Christians and later the bulk of Egypt became Moslem.
In order to understand what happened in Greece from the Stone Age through to the palaces of the Minoans and the Mycenaeans you will have to do some research on your own, because I can't do all of that here. A very good starting point is: http://www.dartmouth.edu/~prehistory/aegean/
For early humans living in Europe 35,000 years ago, the climate must have presented extreme hardship and been quite terrifying. Within a few years their climate transformed from one very much like our own to one more like Siberia, with brutally cold winters that eventually lasted through spring and summer. Freezing temperatures prevailed with very little respite. For years, endless snow and ice simply accumulated and deepened, covering Europe with glaciers, forcing many humans to flee, die out, and, thankfully for us, some to adapt.
About 20,000 BCE the landscape was glacier-dominated. A mile-high polar ice cap enshrouded Scandinavia and most of northern Europe. Elsewhere harsh conditions favored grassland that provided fodder for large grazing mammals such as mammoth, bison, aurochs, horses, reindeer and elk. As the ice age started to fade, from glacial maximum about 20,000 years ago, the sea level has risen by more than 125 metres (410 ft), with rates varying from less than a mm/year to 40+ mm/year, as a result of melting ice sheets over Canada and Eurasia. Rapid disintegration of ice sheets led to so called 'meltwater pulses', periods during which sea level rose rapidly and there was a massive flood in the Persian sea. The rate of rise started to slow down about 8,200 years before present; the sea level was almost constant in the last 2,500 years, before the recent rising trend that started at the end of the 19th century or in the beginning of the 20th.
Agriculture got started in Asia Minor. This start of agriculture came to Greece by migration of Greek speaking people. There were several tribes that entered Greece. The four major tribes described by the Classical Greeks were: the Achaeans, who inhabited the Argolis and Laconia in the Peloponnese, the Aeolians, who lived in Thessaly, the Ionians , who lived in Achaea and Laconia, in the Peloponnese and the Dorians, who lived in Epirus. The Dorians came down into the Peloponnese and drove out the Achaeans from the Argolis and Laconia. They went up to Achaea and the Ionians moved toward Attica and lived there and on many Aegean islands.
In the eastern section of the Peloponnese, there is the Franchthi Cave, near the village of Kolias. Human habitation for this cave exists from 20,000 BC to 3,000 BC. These inhabitants were seasonal hunter gatherers. There is no sign of plant food before 11,000 BC.
The Franchthi Cave is below the S in ARGOULIS.
At any rate, the years rolled by and we got to Neolithic Greece. This period, from 7000 BC saw the spread of agriculture in Greece. You can get some details here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neolithic_Greece
These Greek speaking tribes developed the Greek religion and it lasted for more than 1000 years. The Gods were anthropomorphic. They were the highest class of individuals and they lived forever. They had specific areas they controlled and they got involved in Human endeavors. They favored one side or another and they had a great deal to do on how things turned out. There was no church, just altars for the individual god. There was no holy book, like the Bible. People learned about this religion through the poems of the Iliad and the Odyssey from Homer and from Hesiod's book, Theogony.
You can get a real overview of these Gods by studying this site: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greek_religion
And you can get an overview of the background to the development of these Gods by reading Hesiod's Theogony and by studying this Family tree of the Greek Gods: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_tree_of_the_Greek_gods
So these Gods led the Ionians who settled in Athens and the Aegean islands to a love for philosophy and rational thought that led to great public education in Greece and the rest of the world.
The Dorians were militaristic and that led to wars in Greece.
The Biblical patriarchs began with Adam and has 20 patriarchs who led to Abram, later called Abraham, then his son Isaac and Isaac's son Jacob, also known as Israel, the ancestor of the Israelites. The first ten patriarchs existed before the flood.
By the 21st century, archeologists have given up hope of recovering any contexts that would make Abraham, Isaac or Jacob credible historical figures. The Bible places their existence to the 2nd millennial BCE, but scholars have determined that the biblical texts were to Iron Age creations.
The Babylonians and Egypt fought back and forth for about 25 years around 609 BCE. There were 4 deportations of people from Jerusalem sent to Babylon. During this period, the Torah was written and scribes and sages arose in power. This was a shift in Jewish religion away from the tribal temple and into the familial service described by the Torah. Only the tribe of Levi returned to temple worship after the return.
In 539 BCE, the Persian emperor Cyrus decreed that the Jews could return to Jerusalem. The story of Abraham was probably written at this time. In the Jewish tradition, Abraham was the most obedient server of God. The Jews who continued to live in Jerusalem during the exodus claimed Abraham as their father and those returning claimed that the Exodus was the start of the national Jewish religion, based on the Torah.
Meanwhile, the Christians claimed Abraham was a "Friend of God" because of his faith in God's good will. He is celebrated by all Christian churches, but the essence of Christianity is Jesus, the son of God. I assume you know his story.
Islam regards Abraham as one of the prophets in the link between Adam and Muhammad. They see his life as a testament to the oneness of God. They see him as a hanif, a monotheist and as a muslim, one who submits. They see him as a reformer of the Kaabe in his life.
Current image of Religions
SFO 1967
When I joined Pan Am on February 13, 1967, I agreed to became a flight engineer because I was an Instructor Pilot and very experienced international Aircraft Commander in VR-3 and they paid flight engineers…
Posted on November 1, 2020 November 1, 2020 tedpateas
Chemistry got started andSingle cell organisms formed 3.8 BYA on Earth. That was the beginning of Biology. A billion years later, 2.8 BYA, multicellular organisms formed and life arrived.,A tree of life from common origins:…
Posted on August 25, 2020 August 25, 2020 tedpateas
Gravedigger says:
humans are sure good at inventing things especially religions. What's next? Perhaps humans can invent a future for themselves where they get along with the rest of the planets inhabitents.. . Are they that smart?


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Hawaii (2019- )
Assisted suicide became legal in Hawaii from 1 January 2019.
The Our Care, Our Choice Act is modelled on the Oregon and Washington laws but has some differences.
The Act requires an annual report to be issued, however, there is no requirement under the Act for any information to be reported to the Department of Health on the reasons for requesting assisted suicide (apart from the underlying condition), on the length of the patient-doctor relationship, on the length of time from first request to death or from ingestion to either unconsciousness or death.
Assisted suicide by telehealth
The Act requires the "attending provider" to refer every person who requests assisted suicide for "counselling" which is defined as "one or more consultations, which may be provided through telehealth, as necessary between a psychiatrist, psychologist or clinical social worker and a patient for the purpose of determining that the patient is capable, and that the patient does not appear to be suffering from undertreatment or nontreatment of depression or other conditions which may interfere with the patient's ability to make an informed decision pursuant to this chapter."
The use of telehealth for this purpose has been criticised by Katherine Drabiak, an assistant professor in the College of Public Health at the University of Southern Florida. She writes:
Understanding the patient's psychological condition is important because research in Oregon has found that patients considering PAS [physician assisted suicide] have concerns relating to loss of autonomy, ability to engage in activities that make life enjoyable, and loss of dignity. (Contrary to popular belief, excruciating pain is not a substantial factor in patient decisions to seek PAS.) Under Hawaii's law, however, a patient may obtain a consultation via telehealth. While telehealth promises to reduce cost and increase efficiency to address other health care issues, we should pause to consider the sufficiency and ethics of a remote consultation with patients to discuss their motivations and screen for potential problems.
I take issue with what I see as a pro forma requirement. It looks like a protection, but it's not designed to address underlying issues such as a patient's depression and whether it could be relieved. Patients facing psychological, social, or existential concerns deserve compassion in the form of reassurance, social support, and practical solutions to address feeling like a burden on others. Needing connection and validation throughout our life–and especially at our most vulnerable when we require assistance from others–translates to knowing that we are meaningful and loved."
Minimal data
The form to be completed by the prescribing physician 30 days after the death – whether by ingestion of the lethal substance or otherwise – does ask "Were there any complications or barriers?" However, there is no requirement for the physician – or indeed any witness – to be present at the ingestion of the lethal substance, even though the Act refers to the physician who writes the lethal prescription as the "attending provider". Nor does the form ask whether or not the physician was present.
The claim in the July 2020 Legislative Report that in 2019 "There were no reported complications due to ingesting the medications" is therefore of little value.
Nonetheless it is reported that in the first half of 2020 one person took more than six hours to die after ingesting a prescribed lethal dose of DDMP2 and that in the second half of 2020 "there was one complication with ingesting DDMP2".
According to the July 2020 Legislative Report, of the 30 people for whom a prescription for a lethal substance was written in 2019, twenty three were reported dead, with 15 reported as having ingested the lethal substance and 8 having died without ingesting it.
According to the July 2021 Legislative Report in 2020, 37 people were prescribed a lethal dose, mostly of DDMP2, and of these 25 had already ingested it and died; seven died without ingesting it and the status of the remaining four is unknown.
So deaths by ingestion of lethal poison prescribed under the Act increased by 66.67% from 2019 to 2020.
This represents 0.2% of all deaths in 2020. It took 12 years for assisted suicide deaths in Oregon to reach this rate.
Forcing participation - No assisted suicide free zones allowed
Although the Act contains explicit provisions protecting the right of a health care facility to prevent health care providers in its employ or on its premises from "participating" in the provision of assisted suicide there may be gaps in these provisions.
The American Civil Liberties Union threatened a law suit against Kahala Nui, a continuing care retirement community, which is run by a non-profit organisation and is situated on land owned by the Catholic Church, to force it to repeal a provision in its residents agreement which makes it clear that acts of assisted suicide under Hawaii's new law are not permitted in the community.
Kahala Nui subsequently announced that while no assisted suicide could take place in its assisted living and nursing center, it would not prevent residents in its independent living wing from accessing assisted suicide.
The proponents of assisted suicide bitterly and aggressively object to any organisation seeking to preserve a life-affirming ethos.
Call to waive waiting periods and let nurses write lethal prescriptions
The Department of Health has drafted a bill to amend the law – after just one year – by allowing advance practice registered nurses to serve as attending providers for patients seeking assisted suicide, giving them the power to assess people as eligible and to write lethal prescriptions.
The draft bill would also allow the 20 day waiting period between the first request and writing a lethal prescription, and the 48 hour waiting period between the final written request and writing lethal prescription to be waived if the attending provider and the consultant provider agree that the person is "likely to die prior to the end of the waiting periods".
Both of these measures would increase the risk of wrongful deaths.
Based on this draft bill, SB2582, passed the Senate 19 votes to 4 on 28 February 2020. This Bill also reduced the mandatory waiting period between the first request and writing a lethal prescription from 20 days to 15 days.
The companion House Bill HB 2451 was amended in the House Commerce and Consumer Protection Committee so it would not come into effect until 1 July 2050 "to encourage further discussion".
Nonetheless the Department of Health still included in its report on 2020 the following recommendations for changes to the Act:
Waiver of any waiting periods if the attending provider and consulting provider agree that patient death is likely prior to the end of the waiting periods.
Given access to health care providers is limited, the DOH recommends authorizing advance practice registered nurses to serve as attending providers for patients seeking medical aid in dying.
The lack of data from Hawaii's experiment with assisted suicide prevents any proper scrutiny. The novel use of telehealth in assessing competence to request assisted suicide is disturbing.
Download a fact sheet on Hawaii

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


By Claude Barfield Claude Barfield is coordinator for trade policy studies at the American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research.
MCDONNELL Douglas's announcement that it intends to sell 40 percent of its commercial aircraft division to Taiwan Aerospace Corporation for $2 billion has been greeted with outcries of dismay and outrage from Congress and some public-policy analysts. The sale barters away the "crown jewels," argues one critic. Thirty US senators have signed a resolution deploring the sale as a threat to US "national security and economic competitiveness."
The outcry symbolizes the paucity of hardheaded analysis in the United States at present, and the baleful consequences of what Columbia University economist Jagdish Bhagwati has labeled the "diminished giant" syndrome. In our often irrational breast-beating over no longer being No. 1 in every field and product, we increasingly seem unable to determine true national economic and security interests.
Critics of the McDonnell Douglas sale focus on three issues: threats to long-term defense interests; risks that US technology will be given away to competitors at bargain-basement prices; and fears that US high-tech jobs will be transferred to Asia. All these criticisms miss the mark.
Though earlier there were common technological characteristics between military and commercial aircraft, in recent decades such characteristics have diverged widely; in response to this reality, McDonnell Douglas has long since separated its military and commercial divisions. Furthermore, the US government has often dealt with the problem of "dual use" technologies in the past by instituting strict controls on disclosure or transfer of military-related technology.
Regarding the issue of sharing nonmilitary technology with a trading rival, McDonnell Douglas has retained exclusive responsibility for the design, development, systems integration, and final assembly - as well as construction of the cockpit - of the planned new MID-12. Design and integration are the areas where the "black box" of technological advance must be guarded. Mere airframe manufacturing (wings, fuselage, etc.), which is being assigned to Taiwan, engages widely known and dispersed technological capability.
OVER against these misguided fears, what are the benefits of the deal for McDonnell Douglas and the US? First, the new capital investment will allow the company to develop again a complete family of aircraft and regain world market share; it now competes in only two of the six commercial jet-aircraft market segments.
Second, because the commercial-aircraft market is highly politicized, with governments exercising a substantial influence over purchasing decisions, the alliance with Taiwan and later other Asian subcontractors will give McDonnell Douglas a leg up on other competitors. It is projected that Asia, the fastest growing market for commercial jet aircraft in the world, will buy about a third of all such aircraft by 2000.
Finally, because of the limited size of its economy and because of its political dependence on the US, it is highly unlikely that Taiwan will move in the future to become a prime aircraft contractor. Beyond this, a successful McDonnell Douglas-Taiwan Aerospace alliance is likely to deter the emergence of any other major competitors beyond Boeing and the Airbus consortium.
In their xenophobic zeal to condemn the McDonnell Douglas deal, critics have actually missed the most important potential future problem - the issue of government subsidy. The Taiwan government currently is the major investor behind Taiwan Aerospace. The US government should make it clear that it expects the venture to be gradually privatized. The US cannot oppose the grossly inequitable European Community subsidies for Airbus while defending such a development with regards to McDonnell Douglas and Taiwa n Aerospace.
With this important caveat, however, the deal is clearly in US economic interest because, if successful, it will ensure the continuation of McDonnell Douglas as a major competitor in international commercial jet-aircraft markets.
Nigeria plane crash: Did the plane run out of fuel?


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NGC 7484 (другие обозначения — PGC 70505, ESO 407-6, MCG -6-50-26) — эллиптическая галактика (E) в созвездии Скульптор.

Этот объект входит в число перечисленных в оригинальной редакции «Нового общего каталога».

Примечания

7484
Скульптор (созвездие)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


A Missoula health-care startup has developed a software solution to simplify communication between patients and their doctors, and it now plans to hire 10 new employees this year with an eye on future growth.
Jeff Fee, one of the co-founders at PatientOne of Missoula, said the new company will begin targeting independent surgical providers this year before taking its software to large hospitals.
Fee formerly served as the CEO of the Western Montana Region for Providence Health. He spent a decade running St. Patrick Hospital in Missoula, where he had ambitious plans to change the way health care was delivered in the community.
While the hospital made improvements to the quality of care, Fee said, changing the delivery of care and its hefty infrastructure proved more challenging. He still holds ambitions to achieve what he described as a positive disruption to the system.
Fee said PatientOne and its navigation tool achieves a number of automated goals, like bridging the line of communication between patient and doctor. It also provides education, guidance and remote patient monitoring.
The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services is currently reimbursing physicians for improved patient monitoring. The new PatientOne tool could save clinics money.
Fee gained first-hand insight while at St. Pat's into the challenges facing the current system. In some instances, surgeries were canceled because patients didn't stop using blood thinners at the prescribed time. In other cases, they ate on the way to the hospital.
PatientOne looks to end such mistakes by reminding patients of what they should and shouldn't do and when, based upon their doctor's recommendations.
On a national level, Fee said, such communication errors generate around $2 billion in malpractice claims. They also cost Medicare and Medicaid an additional $50 billion in avoidable post-operative complications.
"We're trying to improve on this problem," he said. "We parse out key instructions to a patient pre-operative to ensure they stay on track. We send out specific messages to make sure that's exactly what they're doing.
The company has already completed it seed round of funding led by Dundee Venture Capital of Omaha, and Revolution's Rise of the Rest Seed Fund.
Other investors in PatientOne's seed round include Next Frontier Capital of Bozeman, the Goodworks Venture fund of Missoula, and Service Provider Capital of Golden, Colorado.
PatientOne is led by local health-care executives Fee, John O'Connor of Five Valleys Urology, and Erik Guzik.


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Is a yellow fever vaccination required in Peru? Where to get it?
(Los Organos, Peru)
Lima Airport Peru - Jorge Chavez International
A yellow fever vaccination is RECOMMENDED if you will be traveling in the jungle areas. It takes 10 days to become effective.
Places in Lima where the vaccine can be administered:
Jorge Chavez International Airport (best and most convenient)
Service hours are every day, 4:30 a.m. to 1:30 p.m. then 5:00 p.m. to 11:00 p.m. Closed between 1:30 and 5 p.m.
International Vaccination Center (may change)
Calle Yupanqui 1400, Lima
Service hours: M-F 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
Maybe available at a private clinic, but we got the go around... and around. Even the International Red Cross did not have it.
Comments for Is a yellow fever vaccination required in Peru? Where to get it?
Yellow Fever Vaccination for Bolivia
by: David - Inside-Peru
Those are good questions..
First, we don't know if the hours have changed at the airport. They seemed very responsible last year when we went to Bolivia but then again, even if the hours are still the same, there is a slight chance the person won't be there.
Second, although you are told you need a yellow fever shot to get into Bolivia, we have never known anyone to have been asked.
The first time we went to Bolivia we didn't have shots and were never asked. Before we took a trip to the Chapare (jungle area), we got yellow fever shots in Cochabamba. Supposedly, those are required to travel into the jungle area and we got a card. But that card is not an international card (good for other countries).
Then when we did go to the jungle a number of times, we were never asked for the card, either on the airlines or by bus. The locals we traveled with didn't even know they were supposed to have shots. So most people don't get them.
Our Recommendation?
These are third-world countries. In relation to yellow fever shots, we feel you need to get them if you are traveling to the jungle. Make sure there are 10 days before you do go to the jungle. Although the chances of getting yellow fever are small and I tend to minimize these things, wife Lin is smarter and makes me do them.
Try to get your yellow fever shots at the airport in Peru. It is by far the best place to get them done.
If you can't don't sweat it. There is almost zero chance of ever being asked for proof at the border. If you are asked, just say there was no vaccine available (this is a regular occurence a probably true) and/or that the clinic was closed. Again, 99% of people (locals) crossing the border don't have them.
And...have a great time, we know you will!
Still Accurate?
by: Parker
I am interested in getting my Yellow Fever shot for entry into Bolivia while at the Lima airport this upcoming August (2011). Is the data stated here still accurate, i.e. open at 4:30am? Are there problems entering Bolivia overland (via lake titicaca) when the shot has only been administered a day or 2 before?
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Q: Suppress link (or just the color) of a specific \nameref The links that I'm creating with the hyperref package (e.g., references to other sections/chapter) are all coming out with a color that I've defined. That's as intended and it's working fine.
But I need to suppress the color of a specific reference. One that was created with \nameref. I just need the text of the referred section to be included. I don't want it to be colored differently. Any way to achieve this?
If, instead, there's a way to turn the named reference into ordinary text (i.e., also remove the link) it would be ok too.

A: Package hyperref provides star forms of the referencing commands to get the reference without the link (and link color):
\documentclass{article}

\usepackage[colorlinks]{hyperref}

\begin{document}
  \section{Hello World}
  \label{hello}
  Name reference with link: \nameref{hello}\\
  Name reference without link: \nameref*{hello}\\
  Reference with link and without color:
    {\hypersetup{hidelinks}\nameref{hello}}
\end{document}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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The TSV Sound and Vision team is in constant collaboration between our offices in St. Louis, Los Angeles and Austin. We are looking for a Video Engineer with a passion for creativity. This freelance position needs to ensure that all video solutions meet the business needs in terms of value, functionality, compliance and operational requirements. He/she will have to work with the Technical team to define strategic and tactical solutions for the deployment of video solutions.
He/she will work closely with management to provide regular updates on deliverables under the team responsibility, by identifying, supporting and updating project goals, strategy, scheduling, potential risks and mitigating plans and communication.


Dining in this Seattle breakfast room is almost like having an alfresco meal. The 16-foot-wide space, separated from the kitchen by a small peninsula, extends into the rear garden; windows bring in daylight on three sides. To make the room feel even more like part of the outdoors, the Pennsylvania bluestone- paved back patio is flush with the slate floor of the breakfast area.
"We understand the value of light," says designer/builder Joe Schneider, who made this slender, 20-foot-wide house feel as open and bright as possible. Clerestory windows expand views and allow light to wash across the white ceilings, brightening the kitchen as well.
The kitchen and breakfast room remain cheery even on the dreariest of Seattle days, thanks to light-colored and reflective surfaces ― from the white-painted cabinetry, walls, and woodwork to the zinc kitchen counter and warm-toned wood flooring. The one contrasting element is a kitchen island, which acts as a focal point. With its dark blue base and black granite top, it's detailed to resemble a piece of fine furniture.


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Schlagworte: Concert
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Technic of the Stars: Clueso's Stadtrandlichter Tour
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Innovative stage design with mixed-media elements
This set is based on a bare stage; wherever they happen to be playing, the far wall of the auditorium serves as the backdrop - at first. Then comes the big surprise. Halfway through the show, the stage transforms: three trusses and a Cyberhoist system seal off the back of the stage with walls of golden material. The wall of golden panels shimmers as lights play off it and videos are projected onto it. The effect is complemented by another onstage eye catcher: an LED video cube hanging above the middle of the stage, with screens playing on six of its 4m wide faces.
Technology of the Stars: Unheilig Swears by Sennheiser
Songs like "Geboren um zu leben", "Unter deiner Flagge" , and "So wie du warst" made German rockers Unheilig famous. Their trademark is moving lyrics about the highs and lows of the human condition. Lead singer Der Graf has won millions of fans with his unique voice, including more than 28,000 visitors to this year's Classic Open Air Festival at the Gendarmenmarkt in Berlin. Real expertise was needed to produce the right sound for the event, especially given the challenging noise pollution controls in place. Look no further then, than famed Wedemark audio experts Sennheiser.
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Adam Hall is a frontrunner in the audio and events industries. Prolight + Sound 2014 was another opportunity for them to present their latest products, including customised flight cases, the DAVE 18 G3 compact speaker system from LD Systems, and two new Audac power amplifier ranges.
Technology of the Stars: Fohhn makes Bobby McFerrin happy
Bobby McFerrin's number one hit song "Don't Worry, Be Happy" brought the American singer, musician, and conductor to the world's attention. A ten-time Grammy winner, he can even imitate instruments with his unmistakeable voice. And he was also a guest at the recent 15th Leipzig International Festival of Vocal Music, appearing with his seven-man a cappella group in the Gewandhaus concert hall. The critically-acclaimed artist received technical backup from Fohhn Focus Modular systems.
PLS 2014: A taste of what is to come at the I-ESC
Sabine Funk
A warm summer evening, good weather and many happy people, the ideal conditions for a good open air concert. So that such evenings can be a happy experience, you need good organization and planning.
Sabine Funk, among others, is responsible for such things. She is one of the leading experts for event safety and crowd management and is currently working on the German adaptation of the event safety guide. At the PLS she will be speaking about safety regulations at German events at the International Event Safety Conference in the Eventplaza. Prolight + Sound team asked her a few questions ahead of time.
VDT Academy 2014: The program is now online!
The Verband deutscher Tonmeister (VDT) invites you to a free seminar at the Prolight & Sound on March 14, 2014. At the VDT Academy experts from the industry will give you first hand knowledge about their experiences and give information about the newest developments in acoustic and sound technology, trends in film and TV, theater…
Sennheiser develops media for hearing and sight impaired
In Germany every fifth person is hearing or sight impaired. However at concerts, cinemas or theaters there haven't been any adjustments to help them. More than 50 percent of the affected people don't go to cultural events. This was the result of a TNS Emnid survey commissioned by the audio specialist Sennheiser. Therefore, the Wedemaker company is working on new streaming technology for cinemas and theaters which utilizes the inclusion principle, so that seeing and hearing impaired people are no longer excluded.
Behind the scenes – Michael Bublé on Tour
When Michael Bublé goes on tour, then his fans can expect great things. The singer and multiple Grammy winner, who became famous with songs like "Feeling so Good", "Everything" and "It's a Beautiful Day", is so multifaceted that his stage technology has to be able to keep up. The technical equipment for his current "To be loved" world tour is from the TAIT company. Giant moveable LED displays, video screens and ingenious lighting set the stage for his performance. However, all this technology has to be set up and taken down before and after each performance. Today's find shows you how all that works. Enjoy!
Technology of the Stars: Tim Bendzko chooses Sennheiser
Tim Bendzko keeps good company. Just like many other stars, including Shakira, Pink, Xavier Naidoo and Seal, he also uses the proven quality of Sennheiser audio technology. At his summer concert at the Waldbühne Berlin, the singer and songwriter performed his hits "Nur noch kurz die Welt retten", "Sag einfach Ja" and "Am seidenen Faden" in front of almost 20,000 fans. He used wired and wireless microphones as well as IEM solutions from Sennheiser, which have consistently been exhibited at Prolight + Sound.