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America doesn�t actually lead the world in mass shootings
From Article:
Of the 86 countries where we have identified mass public shootings, the US ranks 56th per capita in its rate of attacks and 61st in mass public shooting murder rate. Norway, Finland, Switzerland and Russia all have at least 45 percent higher rates of murder from mass public shootings than the United States.
If we want gun safety in America, Brett Kavanaugh will not help us
Unlike some other constitutional questions, we do not have to guess how Judge Kavanaugh would approach challenges to gun regulations, because he laid out his views in a dissenting opinion in a 2011 case known as Heller II. Those views are outside the mainstream of judicial thought about the Second Amendment. If they prevail on the Supreme Court, they threaten to invalidate a wide range of some of the most important and effective gun safety regulations at the federal, state, and local levels.
ACLU stands with NRA in support of First Amendment
One of the oddest alliances of late is between the right-leaning National Rifle Association and the left-leaning American Civil Liberties Union. The civil liberties group is defending the gun-rights group against New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo�s attempts to use the power of the state to put the NRA out of business.
Last year, New York�s Department of Financial Services�NYDFS� launched an investigation of Lockport, an insurance company that handled the NRA�s personal liability insurance. The state fined the company $7 million, claiming the policies violated state laws. Lockport quickly cut off all business with the NRA, as did insurers Chubb and Lloyd�s.
CO: Are You Ready to Rally for our Rights in Colorado Springs?? We Are!
We've held six rallies around Colorado to date, and people have been asking us to host one in Colorado Springs � so we're making it happen! Working with some local organizers in the area, we're excited to bring you �Rally for our Rights � Colorado Springs: A demonstration in support of the right to keep and bear arms!�
Saturday, September 1st � 1 to 4 pm � WASSON PARK in Colorado Springs, CO. If you need an address for GPS reasons, use 2798 Constitution Ave, Colorado Springs, Colorado. This is the address of the park and we will be meeting on the Wasson Park corner of Constitution Ave and N Circle Dr.
Principal Photography of �Good Guys With Guns� Show is Finally Complete
As of 22 August 2018, principal photography for GOOD GUYS WITH GUNS was completed. That�s 3 months earlier than normal � but now we have to edit the show.
The �show� consists of 17 incredible interviews (3 more than originally planned), culminating in Dr. Peter Breggin�s interview on Saturday, 18 August 2018. Thus the full complement of experts we now have in GOOD GUYS WITH GUNS � How an Armed Citizenry Deters Tyranny and Atrocities are as follows:
OR: Oregon Teen Shoots Down Discriminatory Walmart Gun Policy
In what might come as a shock to the legacy press, it turns out there are plenty of young people who value their Second Amendment rights and are willing to fight for them. Case in point: 18-year-old Hannah Brumbles of Deer Island, Ore. Last week, the Beaver State�s Bureau of Labor and Industries (BOLI) ruled in the young woman�s favor after she challenged a Walmart policy that denied shotgun and rifle sales to young adults ages 18 to 20.
WV: Attorney General's office affirms conceal carry recognition
The Attorney General's office announced that they have affirmed concealed carry recognition with six states.
The Attorney General's office is communicating with each state on a yearly basis to ensure that recognition of West Virginia's concealed handgun carry permit is recognized across state lines.
�This ensures convenience in travel and peace of mind for West Virginia license holders choosing to exercise their Second Amendment rights,� Attorney General Morrisey said. �Preserving this recognition is a victory for gun owners. We hope it remains intact for many years to come.�
Viridian Introduces New X Series Gen 3 with Camera to Consumer Market
Viridian Weapon Technologies has expanded its popular X Series Gen 3 product line to deliver even more robust features with the addition of a full-HD digital camera and microphone. The new X Series Gen 3 with Camera product line creates an entirely new category for personal protection, training and recreational/competitive shooting. The first two products from the lineup�X5L Gen 3 Green Laser with Camera and XTL Gen 3 Taclight with Camera�have begun shipping and are now available for purchase online and at select retailers.
Will the Senate Turn Blue?
The fate of our freedom hangs in the balance in this November�s elections for the U.S. Senate. The good news is that gun owners can once again make the difference in the fight for our rights. The bad news is that if we don�t�if we just sit on the sidelines and leave the battle to others�we will lose our rights for generations to come.
If any gun owners question the importance of having a pro-gun majority in the U.S. Senate, one need only consider that Justice Neil Gorsuch now sits on the Supreme Court and anti-gun Judge Merrick Garland does not. Without a doubt, the long-term impact of a pro-freedom Supreme Court cannot be overemphasized.
MS: Tax-free Second Amendment weekend in Mississippi
Hunters looking to stock up and save are in luck this weekend.
But some folks would like to see the state's other tax free weekend expanded.
This is the fifth year for the Second Amendment Sales Tax Holiday.
And it was just a month ago that shoppers were able to get rung up tax-free on other items.
There are some significant differences between the two weekends.
IN: Bump stock ban needed
The Second Amendment to the Bill of Rights prevents the government from infringing on the right to bear arms, therefore, it is unlikely it will ever be eliminated. The main reason there are mass killings is the attachments such as the �bump� on a rifle and clips that hold 30 or more bullets.
The elimination of the �bump� and restricting handguns and rifles to a maximum six bullet magazine (or shotguns to three bullets for hunting fowl) will prevent the carnage that occurs in mass shootings.
CA: California Legislators Pass Bill Expanding Gun-Confiscation Law
California lawmakers passed a bill on Tuesday that would empower school personnel and co-workers to petition a court to temporarily take away firearms in the possession of someone they believe to be a danger to themselves or others.
The bill expands an existing gun-confiscation law, which currently restricts those who can petition the court for a gun violence restraining order to roommates, law enforcement, and immediate family members of the the individual in question.
The bill, which passed 25�12, now requires Governor Jerry Brown�s signature, which is not guaranteed, as he vetoed a similar proposal in 2016.
AZ: State legislative candidates offer sharp contrast
�I�m talking to people who have never seen a candidate in their neighborhood. Lots of folks don�t even know who Bob Thorpe is � because he�s never been there. One voter said he was a conservative and was very upset about the Second Amendment. And I said, �When�s the last time you�ve seen one of your candidates here?� And he said, �Let me see your flier again.� And he�ll think about it. I see them in the streets. I see a military decal � I can engage them as a veteran, as a health care provider. I think we can elect a Democratic House for the first time in decades. We can do it, but we have to do it collectively,� she said at one Payson campaign event.
SC: Fired up residents question Berkeley Council about selective shooting ordinance
Some Berkeley County residents are up in arms over a firearms ordinance they said County Council members passed earlier this month without them knowing. But council members have refuted the argument.
The ordinance makes it illegal to discharge firearms�BB and airsoft-style guns exempt�in Berkeley County Club Estates and nearby Barons Retreat subdivision. Both residential areas are located in Council Vice Chairman Jack Schurlknight�s territory, District 6.
TX: Trump to headline rally for Cruz
President Donald Trump says he'll ride to the rescue of one-time bitter rival Sen. Ted Cruz this fall, the strongest indication yet that the Texas conservative firebrand is getting nervous about his challenger, a liberal darling with a growing national profile.
Trump tweeted Friday that he will headline �a major rally� for Cruz in October and is �picking the biggest stadium in Texas we can find.� He added, �Ted has my complete and total Endorsement,� and called Democratic Rep. Beto O'Rourke �a disaster for Texas � weak on Second Amendment, Crime, Borders, Military, and Vets!�
Blumenthal, Murphy Seek Delay Of Confirmation Hearing For Trump's Supreme Court Pick
�Kavanaugh is a Second Amendment radical,�� Murphy said. �He likely believes that Congress can pass virtually no laws, that state legislatures can pass virtually no laws regulating firearms. � If that�s the case, then Connecticut�s background checks laws, our assault weapons ban, our permitting laws may be invalidated by this court.��
MS: Sales tax holiday is off with a bang
Lonnie Keller expects gun sales to hit the bullseye this weekend as shoppers take advantage of the Second Amendment Sales Tax Holiday.
Keller�s son, Mike Keller, opened Wesson Arms Company on Hwy. 51 about five months ago. The helpful dad was assisting customers and manning the phones Friday in the first of the three-day statewide holiday that was passed by lawmakers in 2014. The tax holiday began at 12:01 a.m. Friday and gives shoppers a 60-hour window to buy guns, ammo and accessories free of Mississippi�s 7 percent sales tax.
CA: Californians could buy no more than one long gun a month under bill sent to Gov. Jerry Brown
Californians would be barred from buying more than one rifle or shotgun in any 30-day period under a bill approved Thursday by state lawmakers and sent to the governor as part of a raft of gun-control bills in response to recent mass shootings.
FL: In Wake of Jacksonville Shooting, �News� Outlet Recycles Article Calling for Firearm Confiscation
Their standard procedure is: immediately misreport basic facts of the incident; unleash the indignation of antigun politicians and celebrities on social media; condemn the NRA and anyone else who offers thoughts and prayers while awaiting reliable information; demand the same types of gun controls that failed to prevent the incident; insist that the gun debate has reached a turning point; and abruptly stop talking about the incident when emotions cool and facts emerge that show how existing gun controls failed.
�Supergirl� to Continue �Progressive� Agenda on Immigration and Guns
�'Supergirl' to Revisit Gun Control Debate in Season 4,� Comicbook.com reported Tuesday. They were reporting on a BamSmackPow interview at last month�s Comic-Con with actress Chyler Lee, who plays the Girl of Steel�s adoptive sister and new head of the government�s top secret Department of Extraterrestrial Operations.
Gun control? It's the best thing you can do for crooks and gangsters. I want you to have nothing. If I'm a bad guy, I'm always gonna have a gun. Safety locks? You will pull the trigger with a lock on, and I'll pull the trigger. We'll see who wins. � Sammy "The Bull" Gravano, whose testimony convicted John Gotti.


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George W. Bush's Top Ten Facebook Status Updates (An Exercise in Futility)
Just when you thought former President George W. Bush had fully disappeared into the Texas sunset with the satirists' shadow following closely behind, David Letterman's "Late Show" posse resurrected him for this week's Online Top Ten Contest. While most satirists have boxed up their George W. Bush satiric crutches and stored them in the attic, CBS insists we beat the "dead horse" and contemplate what the "Great Decider" is doing during his twilight years.
When Bush first left office, I had no doubts he would follow his arch enemy Osama bin Laden's lead and go into reclusive exile, resurrecting every so often to remind the American people, probably through the release of a grainy video clip on YouTube, who helped elevate the world of satire and made it what it is today.
However, unlike the "No White's Allowed" sign mounted at the entrance of bin Laden's Pakistani cave, Bush moved into the formerly whites-only Dallas suburb of Preston Hollow. Bush was immediately ostracized by his new upper-crust neighbors, whose property values made double-digit drops when They moved into the neighborhood.
Birds eye view of former President George W. Bush's new post-presidency bunker in Preston Hollow, where Bush remains holed up
Fortunately while living in exile, Bush has kept in contact with his two friends through his Facebook page, which leads to this week's online Top Ten Contest.
Due to the recent demise of voter turnout among SSF readers, my quest to win the Holy "Online Late Show" t-shirt has devolved from an obsession to an exercise-in-futility. That said, here's my top-ten list of possible entries to this week's Top Ten contest. Once again, I'm soliciting your help – or not. I've written ten possible entries for this week's list, and it's up to you to help me select the CHOSEN ONE from the list (for I can only submit one) that you think has the best chance of winning.
Just think, with your help, all of this could be mine
This week's list: George W. Bush's Top Ten Facebook Status Updates
George W. Bush is…
10. Having trouble deciding what to title upcoming memoir about decisions made in office
9. Missing Jon Stewart dropping his name on "The Daily Show"
8. Playing Grand Theft Democracy on his new Xbox 360
7. Wondering if he should double-down on life-insurance policy before weekend hunting trip with Dick Cheney
6. Now friends with Kim Jong-il, Will Farrell, Joe Lieberman, Miley Cyrus, and Krusty the Clown
5. Watching "W" and wishes he could act like Josh Brolin
4. Feeling better after coming out of eight-year coma
3. Upset Laura's book club is reading Obama's "The Audacity of Hope"
2. Using 12-step program to break addiction to presidential signing statements
1. Hitting up AIG CEOs for presidential library donations
Don't forget to indicate (in the Comments) which ONE of these I should submit to the Top Ten Contest.
This entry was posted in Political Satire, Top Ten Lists and tagged exercise in futility, humor, Top Ten Contest, Will Work for David Letterman. Bookmark the permalink.
13 responses to "George W. Bush's Top Ten Facebook Status Updates (An Exercise in Futility)"
Alicia | March 19, 2009 at 4:54 am | Reply
Jame | March 19, 2009 at 5:04 am | Reply
I vote for #3. 😀
dukesinfo | March 19, 2009 at 5:18 am | Reply
GET A JOB.
karen | March 19, 2009 at 2:07 pm | Reply
8. Playing Grand Theft Democracy on his new X-box
Raquel Welch | March 19, 2009 at 3:21 pm | Reply
Matt | March 19, 2009 at 3:51 pm | Reply
Dang, lots of good ones! I might echo Jame and vote for #3, but the others are good choices too…
kkak | March 20, 2009 at 12:46 am | Reply
Pingback: 3/19-PCW Newsline: 1st Round Results of PCW Extreme March Mayhem « Political Championship Wrestling
Joe Stutler | March 20, 2009 at 2:01 am | Reply
8 is great!
Howya, Tom? Vets caucus would love to see you more often!
Pingback: Μεγάλη Ανταπόκριση για την Αγροτέρα Αρτέμιδα « www.olympia.gr
tkspangler | March 25, 2009 at 3:15 am | Reply
EDMONDO | November 11, 2009 at 2:04 am | Reply
I LOVE YOU mr PRESIDENT
YOU ARE STILL TH BEST
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In this frame grab from video provided by TV Globo, an armed man who took dozens of hostages on a bus, steps outside of the bus momentarily on the bridge connecting the city of Niteroi to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Tuesday, Aug. 20, 2019. The man threatened to set the vehicle on fire with gasoline before police shot him dead in a four-hour standoff broadcast live on television. (TV Globo via AP)
Brazilian police kill man who held bus passengers hostage
RIO DE JANEIRO (AP) — Brandishing a fake gun, a man on Tuesday took dozens of hostages on a bus in Brazil and threatened to set the vehicle on fire with gasoline before police shot him dead in a four-hour standoff on Latin America's longest bridge. All the hostages were freed unharmed on a 13-...
Police kill man who held bus passengers hostage in Rio
RIO DE JANEIRO (AP) — Brandishing a fake gun, a man on Tuesday took dozens of hostages on a bus in Brazil and threatened to set the vehicle on fire with gasoline before police shot him dead in a four-hour standoff broadcast live on television. All of the hostages were freed unharmed in the...
People wait at a blocked access of the bridge connecting the city of Niteroi to Rio de Janeiro , Brazil, Tuesday, Aug. 20, 2019 during a hostage standoff. An armed man holding dozens of people hostage on a public bus and threatening to set the vehicle on fire was seized by police after a four-hour long standoff, Brazilian police said. (AP Photo/Leo Correa)
The Latest: Police fatally shoot Rio bus hostage-taker
RIO DE JANEIRO (AP) — The Latest on a hostage taking on a bus in Brazil (all times local): 10:15 a.m. Rio de Janeiro's state governor says an armed man who took dozens of hostages on a bus has died after being shot by police following a four-hour long standoff. Gov. Wilson Witzel said the hostages...
The Latest: Brazil TV shows armed hostage-taker leaving bus
RIO DE JANEIRO (AP) — The Latest on a hostage taking on a bus in Brazil (all times local): 9:35 a.m. Brazilian television is showing an armed hostage-taker leaving a bus with dozens of passengers on board and being encircled by police after a standoff in Rio de Janeiro. It was unclear if he was...
Armed man holds 37 people on bus hostage in Rio de Janeiro
RIO DE JANEIRO (AP) — An armed man was holding dozens of people hostage on a public bus Tuesday in Rio de Janeiro and threatening to set the vehicle on fire, Brazilian police said. The Federal Highway Police said negotiations were underway with the man who has been holding 37 people hostage since...
Armed man holding 37 people on bus hostage in Rio de Janeiro
RIO DE JANEIRO (AP) — Brazilian police say a man is holding dozens of people hostage on a public bus in Rio de Janeiro and is threatening to set the vehicle on fire. The Federal Highway Police said Tuesday that negotiations were underway with an armed man who has been holding 37 people hostage...
This combination of images made from surveillance video provided by the Honolulu Police Department shows a man seen at Alohilani hotel on Sunday, Aug. 4, 2019, left, and at Hilton Hawaiian Grand Waikikian on Tuesday, Aug. 6, near Waikiki Beach in Hawaii. CrimeStoppers and the Honolulu Police Department are seeking the public's assistance in identifying the man as Hawaii authorities were investigating three fires that were intentionally set in the resort hotels and at Waikiki Beachcomber over the past few days, officials said Wednesday. (Honolulu Police Department via AP)
Honolulu authorities investigate arsons at 3 Waikiki hotels
HONOLULU (AP) — Honolulu police said Wednesday surveillance video recorded images of the same man at three different high-rise hotels near Waikiki Beach where fires were intentionally set in recent days. Two rooms were burglarized while guests were evacuated from one of the hotels, the 25-story...


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Cisco Blogs / SP360: Service Provider / 25-Gigabit Pluggable Transceivers for Data Center Applications
February 7, 2019	Leave a Comment
SP360: Service Provider
25-Gigabit Pluggable Transceivers for Data Center Applications
Pat Chou
Written by Craig Pasek, Product Manager, Transceiver Modules Group, Cisco
Upgrading Seamlessly From 10G to 25G
With exponential growth in Internet users and applications, data center traffic continues to experience explosive growth. Driven by increases in social networking, data and video content delivery, along with demanding business applications, are now pushing beyond the speed limits of traditional server and switch infrastructure. To meet these needs, data center (Figure 1) operators are now turning to mature, cost-effective 25G Ethernet technology, including new 25G switches and high-bandwidth servers with 25G Network Interface Cards (NIC).
Figure 1. A typical data center design
Cisco's newest transceivers, including SFP-25G-SR-S, SFP-10/25G- CSR-S, and SFP-10/25G-LR-S (Figure 2) are enabling optical 25G transmission in data centers.
Figure 2. Cisco transceiver modules for data center applications
Data Center Network Architectures
Next generation data center architectures are generally implemented in either Top-of-Rack (TOR), Middle-of-Row (MOR), or End-of-Row (EOR) configurations, with 25G between the switches and the servers and NICs (see Figure 3). The distance from the switches to a server or NIC generally ranges from half a meter to 100 meters. The 25G links are implemented with copper Direct-Attach Cables (DAC), Active Optical Cables (AOC) or transceivers, and Single-Mode Fiber (SMF) or Multi-Mode Fiber (MMF).
Figure 3. Data center TOR and EOR network architectures
Many data center operators choose MMF or SMF transceivers and fiber, over DACs and AOCs, because they want to simplify and future-proof the cable infrastructure (see Figure 4). Using the pluggable modules, data center operators can easily replace transceivers or upgrade TOR, MOR and EOR switches, servers, NICs, and transceivers without replacing cabling infrastructure.
Figure 4. Data center network architecture components
The Network Transformation to 25G
The data center architecture is dramatically transforming. Until recently, data centers consisted largely of 1/10G servers-NICs, and 1/10/40G EOR-MOR-TOR switches such as Cisco Catalyst switches that interface to the leaf switches to 10/40G uplink interfaces. Today, data centers are built with high-performance 10/25G servers-NICs, and 10/25/40/100G EOR-MOR- TOR switches, such as Cisco's newest 10/25/40/100G Nexus 9000 Series and Cisco Nexus 3000 Series Switches that interface to the leaf using 40/100G interfaces (see Figure 5).
Figure 5. 25G data center network transformation
Forward Error Correction (FEC) For 25G transceivers
In order for data transmission to operate nearly error-free*, the IEEE 802.3by (IEEE-25G-SR) specifications and IEEE 802.3cc (IEEE-25G-LR) specifications call for Forward Error Correction (FEC) using RS-FEC (IEEE 802.3 clause 82), which can correct errors up to Bit Error Rate (BER) 5×10-5. The downside is that RS-FEC adds approximately 250ns of latency, which is equivalent to approximately 50 meters of cable. Links using FC-FEC (IEEE 802.3 clause 108) can correct errors up to BER 10-8; however FC-FEC adds 82ns of latency, which is equivalent to approximately 16 meters of cable (see Figure 6).
*Note: Higher level protocols can efficiently deal with "nearly error-free" transmission when the BER is less than 10-12
Figure 6. Latency effects of FEC
Cisco Short Reach "CSR" Technology Enables a Low-Latency Data Center
Low-latency may be critical for financial applications.
With advanced Cisco Short Reach "CSR" technology, SFP-10/25G-CSR-S can be used in data centers to reduce latency by using no FEC, FC-FEC, or RS-FEC at these distances:
None: Up to 30m over OM3 (or up to 50m over OM4)
FC-FEC: Up to 70 m over OM3 (or up to 100 m over OM4)
RS-FEC: Up to 300 m over OM3 (or up to 400 m over OM4)
Use of FC-FEC is also a valuable feature for older-generation switches and NIC cards that don't have support for RS-FEC but still need to operate at 25 Gigabits over longer distances than available by using a DAC or AOC.
In order to achieve the transmission with FC-FEC or no FEC, an SFP- 10/25G-CSR-S must be used on both ends of the link and the host needs to operate at the same FEC.
Future-Proofing Data Centers With Dual-Rate 10/25G Technology
To future-proof the network, the new SFP-10/25G-CSR-S and SFP-10/25G-LR-S transceivers have a dual-rate capability that allows interoperability with 10G-SR MMF transceivers* and 10G-LR SMF transceivers. This allows a data center to be incrementally upgraded at either the end of the fiber (server, NIC, or switch) with a full upgrade to 25G when the time is right (see Figure 7).
The supported distances of the SFP-10/25G-CSR-S, when used with IEEE 25G-SR, is limited to 70m over OM3 (100m over OM4).
*Note: May require a 4 dB attenuator to be fully IEEE compliant
Figure 7. Cisco's 10/25G dual-rate capability enables an incremental upgrade of a 10G network
Interoperability With 40G and 100G
In some circumstances, the TOR, MOR or EOR switch may only have Quad Small Form-Factor Pluggable (QSFP) interfaces. With the new SFP-10/25G- CSR-S, a switch can also interoperate with Cisco QSFP-40G-SR4* or Cisco QSFP-40G-SR4-S transceivers at 4x10G or with Cisco QSFP-100G-SR4-S transceivers at 4x25G using MMF breakout cables. Conversely, the new SFP-10/25G-LR it can also interoperate with a Cisco QSFP-4x10G-LR4-S transceiver at 4x10G or with Cisco QSFP-100G-PSM4-S transceivers at 4x25G using SMF breakout cables that would be plugged into the TOR, MOR or EOR switch. For 100G interoperability, 25G requires the usage of RS-FEC, which has been standardized for 100G operation.
Figure 8. A Cisco 10/25G transceiver supports 100G and 40G breakout modes
The Cisco Family of 25G Transceivers For Data Center Applications
Table 1 summarizes the full line of Cisco transceivers and cables for data center applications.
Table 1 Cisco's full portfolio of transceivers and cables for data center applications
For more information on Cisco's 25G transceivers read the Cisco 25GBASE SFP28 Modules Data Sheet here.
Tags: #CiscoOptics #CiscoOpticsBlog 25G Data Centers 25G MMF 25G SMF 25G Transceivers SFP-10/25G-CSR SFP-25G SFP-25G-LR SFP-25G-SR


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Bunnies Galore
"Munch, munch. Nibble, nibble."
Ginny watched as the soft brown bunny gnawed at the carrot she held. Sitting cross-legged in the grass under the shade of the tall hedge surrounding the yard, she could hear other bunnies rustling in the bushes, but so far, none were as brave as the brown one. She sensed rather than saw movement in the shadows.
More than half the carrot was gone and Ginny could feel the bunny's whiskers tickling her hand. She giggled, and the chewing stopped. The brown bunny gave her a serious stare, then wiggled its nose.
Ginny giggled again, and wiggled her nose back.
"Munch, munch. Nibble, nibble. Wiggle, wiggle." The bunny resumed eating; then she stopped and tensed up.
"Better not let it bite you," her brother Jamie called from the front door, "It might give you rabbitsies, I mean rabies." he laughed and went back inside.
"Wiggle, wiggle," the bunny resumed eating, "Munch, munch. Nibble, nibble."
Ginny scooted back, and slid the stub of carrot out onto her fingertips as far as she could. The bunny pulled it out of her grasp and hopped back into the hedge, pausing to turn and gave Ginny an extra "Wiggle, wiggle," then disappear into the shadows. Ginny heard rustling, but saw nothing.
Inside, Jamie was on the couch wrestling with Oliver, their puppy. "Can we go outside now?" he asked Ginny. "Are the bunnies all safe and secure?"
"Sure, thanks for waiting," she replied, "But I'm not sure that Oliver could catch a bunny anyway."
"The thrill of the chase," Jamie responded. "He might be better if you and I aren't helping." He grinned and Ginny grinned back, remembering the entanglement from last week.
Ginny skipped into the kitchen and added carrots and lettuce (with two plusses) to the grocery list her folks kept on the counter.
It all started with the ball that Oliver found at the beach. He laid in the sand and chewed on it until their dad made Jamie take it away from Oliver, since they didn't know what it was. It could have been an old dead crab or fish or anything, but it was an old tennis ball that was shaggy and dirty. When Jamie washed it off in the waves, Oliver tried to get it away from him without getting into the water. They romped and played. Then Jamie threw the ball and Oliver ran after it and picked it up. Jamie tried to get Oliver to bring it back, but fetching wasn't in his plan. He lay down and began to chew the ball, but when Jamie approached, Oliver leapt up and scampered away.
"That dog needs some training," their father observed.
"Oliver isn't the only one around here that needs training," Ginny thought, looking at Jamie.
Their dad and Jamie began to teach Oliver to fetch. First they tried to teach him how to 'sit and stay.' Oliver was not impressed, but finally got the idea.
Next, their dad made Oliver 'sit and stay', but gave him the ball.
"Oliver must be part bird dog," he observed, "He's got a very soft mouth. He can carry the ball without squeezing it; just holding it gently."
Next they made Oliver 'sit and stay' with the ball, then drop it. Oliver was not very interested in this act. He repeatedly dropped the ball, leapt after it and ran off. Then the whole process would start again. Ginny realized that their dad was teaching Jamie how to manage Oliver — as well as teaching Oliver.
Finally, Oliver got the message, or maybe he just got tired and bored (like Ginny was). Oliver could (mostly) drop the ball when commanded 'drop it', so they moved on to the next trick. Oliver was ordered to 'sit and stay', then Jamie threw the ball a few feet away and called, "fetch!" Oliver just looked at the ball, then at them and didn't move.
Jamie picked up the ball and brought it back to his dad. "I'll show him what we want," he told his dad. Oliver watched the two of them and yawned.
Jamie's dad threw the ball and called "Fetch!"
Jamie ran after the ball and brought it back to his dad, then dropped it when his dad ordered him to. Jamie chased the ball again, but Oliver just watched. Finally, Jamie chased the ball, looked back at Oliver sitting next to his dad, and called, "Come." Oliver bounded to him. Jamie pointed to the ball on the ground, and yelled, "Fetch!"
Oliver looked at Jamie, then at the ball, then ran around in circles.
Once again, Jamie pointed to the ball on the ground, and yelled, "Fetch!"
Oliver picked up the ball and ran in circles away from him. Jamie yelled, "Come!" at the same time that his dad yelled, "Sit and stay." Oliver stopped, looked at the two of them and dropped the ball.
After many trials and errors, Oliver would bolt after the ball when thrown, and either lay on it, pick it up and chew it, or just generally scamper around. When he picked it up, they would call him to 'come', and if he did, they said 'drop it' at Jamie's feet.
Finally, their dad began to reward Oliver with a Frito from their lunch basket when he got it all right. Occasionally Jamie got a Frito, too. (Ginny felt that Oliver was learning much more quickly than Jamie, but then, she considered Oliver much smarter than Jamie.)
Ginny lay down on the towels next to her mom and listened to the orders to 'sit and stay', 'fetch', 'come' and 'drop it'. It got pretty boring, but Oliver seemed to get better at it once there were Fritos involved.
Later, back at the house, Ginny went into the kitchen and added Fritos with two plusses to the grocery list. Then she went to look around for a bunny, but none were visible. "What strange colors the bunnies are," she mused. "There's brown, and black, then the white one with black ears and feet. There's a grey or blu-ish one, and one that's almost yellow…"
She looked around the yard again. "I wonder where they are?" she said.
She went inside and got some lettuce leaves, then walked around the edge of the yard and placed them next to the hedges. There was some rustling, but no bunnies.
Oliver's training continued for the next few days.
Her folks sat on the front porch, Ginny sat in the grass, and Jamie was showing them Oliver's progress. It was going pretty well, with minimal remedial yelling and chasing by Jamie.
"Throw it further," her dad suggested.
The size of the yard limited how far Jamie could throw, so he stepped off to the side yard where he could throw the length of the house. Gradually, he tossed the ball farther and farther, and Oliver performed quite well.
Jamie threw again, then called, "Dang, it went in the bushes."
Oliver charged after the ball, not stopping, but crashing into the hedge. His tail remained visible as he thrashed about then emerged with the ball in his mouth and ran back to Jamie.
"Drop it!" Jamie directed, but Oliver lay down in front of Jamie and placed the ball between his own front feet. He began licking it gently.
Jamie went over and started to pick up the ball, then jumped back, "It's alive!"
Oliver continued licking.
Jamie peered closer as they all crowded around. Oliver looked up proudly. A tiny, very slobbery, wet bunny wiggled between his front feet.
Ginny screamed, her folks jumped and Jamie was completely bewildered. Oliver continued his gentle licking. Crowding together, they all peered closely at the little critter.
Ginny and her dad knelt next to Oliver and when she reached in the bunny wiggled at her touch. It seemed unharmed and unafraid.
Oliver licked Ginny's hand, and looked at her as if to say, "This is the funniest ball I have ever retrieved."
"Let me have it," she said, and scooped up the bunny from between Oliver's feet. He gave it one last lick as she lifted it out.
Her dad examined the bunny as she held it carefully in both hands. "It seems okay. I guess Oliver does have a soft mouth." Jamie beamed as if he had done something to be proud of.
Her mom brought a wet washrag, and they wiped as much dog slobber off the bunny as they could. Oliver watched protectively. The bunny seemed to enjoy the grooming and joined in by licking itself.
"We need to take it back," her father said, "It needs to be with its mother and litter-mates."
Ginny looked pleadingly, but her father just shook his head.
Jamie led them to the spot where the ball had gone in under the hedge. Ginny carried the tiny bunny to the spot and placed it next to the hedge. The rest of the family — including Oliver — stood back to watch while Ginny gently tried to herd the bunny in. Before vanishing, it stopped and licked her hand, then wiggled its nose. Ginny wiggled back.
"Can you see the ball?" Jamie asked.
Leaning further in, Ginny was surprised at movement in the murk. She saw the ball, and when she reached for it, there was a flurry of rustling and exclamations from her family. She quickly sat back and was amazed.
A herd of little bunnies had flushed out of the bushes as she reached in! She was surrounded by small bunnies of many colors and combinations — brown, black, yellow, white and grey. They seemed timid, but unafraid. Several went over to Oliver's wee bunny, "Sniff, sniff." It smelled strange, "Sniff, sniff. Wiggle, wiggle." Oliver's bunny wiggled back, as did Ginny.
"Kerplop!" A large brown bunny hopped out of the hedge and into the middle of the bunnies. She looked carefully at each one, and then stared a moment at Ginny, then at Oliver (ignoring the rest of the family). The little bunnies began to hop slowly back into the bushes.
The big bunny found Oliver's bunny. "Sniff, sniff." She turned back to Ginny. "Sniff, sniff."
She nosed the bunny back towards the bushes and turned to Ginny, "Sniff, sniff." Then, "Sniff, sniff. Wiggle, wiggle." Ginny wiggled back, and the bunny hopped away into the hedge to join the smaller ones.
Jamie sat next to her and Ginny laid back and breathed a sigh of relief. She closed her eyes.
Suddenly, Oliver leapt up and pounced — wrestling, nuzzling and licking the defenseless girl lying in the grass. Everyone, including Ginny, laughed at the rampaging puppy.


1971 Nissan Skyline KGC10 For Sale. 93,000 kilometers. No major rust. No issues with the motor. EPA and DOT exempt. These cars are JDM legends, and extremely rare in the US. Vehicles over 25 years old are exempt from vehicle importation requirements. Older than 1976 are smog exempt in California.
Check out a few classic Nissan Skylines at the JCCS Show at Long Beach, CA.


Right before the midsummer holidays, the TATTI working group appointed by the Finnish Ministry of Justice published its report on the national implementation of the EU General Data Protection Regulation (the "GDPR") in Finland. The GDPR will be directly applicable in all EU member states as of 25 May 2018, but it allows certain derogations and additions to be made through national legislation. In its report, the working group proposes the Finnish Personal Data Act (523/1999) to be repealed and replaced by a new Data Protection Act that would complement the GDPR.
National leeway has been used scarcely. It seems as though the working group has held back on suggesting national exemptions to the GDPR, making sure the GDPR's aim of harmonisation is respected. The possibility of regulating national derogations will only be used in a limited number of situations, making compliance easier for companies that operate in multiple different member states.
The Office of the Data Protection Ombudsman is to be turned into the Data Protection Agency. This includes certain organisational changes, such as the appointment of one or more Assistant Data Protection Ombudsmen as well as a general expansion of the agency. The Data Protection Board will be replaced with a Sanctions Board which will operate under the Data Protection Agency and be responsible for imposing the widely discussed and hefty administrative fines set forth in the GDPR.
Legislation on criminal sanctions is to be amended. The current data protection offence in the Finnish Criminal Code is suggested to be replaced by a more limitedly available offence being applicable only to natural persons acting in breach of data protection regulations, such as the employees of a company acting as a data processor or controller. The heavy administrative fines of the GDPR are seen as a sufficient sanction for non-compliant companies.
No changes to processing of employee data. The current Act on Protection of Privacy in Working Life governing the processing of employee personal data remains the same, as the proposed Data Protection Act contains a reference to existing law.
The right to appeal is wide – but to some extent contingent on a leave to appeal. The decisions taken by the newly established Data Protection Agency, including both the Data Protection Ombudsman and the Sanctions Board, will be subject to appeal to the Administrative Court and thereafter the Supreme Administrative Court, the latter requiring a leave to appeal.
Certain topics are, however, still left undecided by the working group, such as the national age limit for the processing of children's personal data. Many topics covered by sectoral laws are also left open and to be regulated more specifically later on. One very interesting aspect regarding the possibility to impose sanctions on public authorities is that the working group could not reach a consensus on whether administrative fines should be applicable to public authorities or not, and if so, at what size. This means that there is certainly more to come, and we will pay close attention to this topic that is bound to be subject to a lively discussion.
The proposal for legislation included in the report will now be circulated for comments, after which the government proposal for the new legislation will be handed to the parliament in the fall. The new national Data Protection Act is planned to enter into force at the same time as the GDPR becomes applicable, i.e. in May 2018. As usual, Hannes Snellman's data protection team is keeping a keen eye on the national preparations for the GDPR and will keep you updated on the progress.


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College film wins at the EVCOM Film Awards
The College film was awarded bronze at the EVCOM Film Awards on Thursday 22 November.
The awards, which were held at the BFI Southbank, are known as the Baftas for the commercial film-making industry, and this year there were more than 800 entries. The College's film 'Welcome to St Dunstan's, welcome to our school' was honoured in the editing category.
The feature, which was created with Inspired Films, was filmed at the College over a week in late March, and features the CCF Biennial Parade, Sixth Form graduation and a Junior School drama lesson to name but a few and appears on the landing page of our website.
A spokesperson for the College said: 'We are thrilled to have received this award form the EVCOM Film Awards. It was an honour to be nominated alongside some incredible films. We would like to say a special thank you to the whole team at Inspired Films, and to all of the staff and pupils at the College who helped create such a special film.'
Watch the award-winning film here:
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So many people dream of going to Paris, but not me. Oh yes - I dream of going to France - but not to Paris really, although I wouldn't mind seeing it just once, I suppose.
Rather, I dream of going to Giverny and seeing where Claude Monet lived and walked. Of all the artists that ever lived, he is one of my favourites if not my very favourite. Ohhhh to see his pond and feel the sunshine on my face where he has been!
I was first introduced to him through my college Art Professor, Savin (if I remember correctly) who took us all by bus down to the Chicago Institute of Fine Art. Monet's work was being featured there and I fell in love immediately-- have not stopped since.
I love all the Impressionists really - what they did for art, artists and viewers by bringing bold full colour to paintings was something remarkable and incredible. It was a movement of artistic freedom never to be lost again ... and they paid the price for it too at the time with ridicule and disdain. They paved the way for all impressionism, post impressionism, cubism, and modern art.
My health and immobility issues now restrict travel but my dreams will live on til the day I'm gone from this earth too. I hope Mr. Monet is there in that other world for me to sit and visit with a spell.
Hello! My name is Yvonne (nickname = Von) I'm a fine art Genesis Oils painter of many years and now adventuring into painting with Oil Pastels, Water Soluble Mediums and Art Journaling. Its an exciting journey and one I hope you will enjoy with me.
Via Von - all images are copyrighted. Powered by Blogger.


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Justia › US Law › Case Law › Arizona Case Law › Arizona Supreme Court Decisions › 1972 › State v. Ford
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State v. Ford
108 Ariz. 404 (1972)
499 P.2d 699
The STATE of Arizona, Appellee, v. Richard M. FORD, Appellant.
No. 2313.
Supreme Court of Arizona, In Banc.
July 13, 1972.
Rehearing Denied September 12, 1972.
*406 Gary K. Nelson, Atty. Gen. by Mary Z. Chandler, Asst. Atty. Gen., Phoenix, for appellee.
Harlan Heilman, Yuma, for appellant.
HAYS, Chief Justice.
This is an appeal by the defendant who was sentenced to life imprisonment after a jury found him guilty of murder in the first degree, committed in Yuma, Arizona.
The evidence is entirely circumstantial and fills nearly five hundred pages of transcript. The victim, Gayla Figueroa, a married woman with two small children, obtained her husband's permission to visit a Miss Glendora Finley, and left home at about 7:30 that evening in her Volkswagen. She had previously been invited to a party at the home of Linda Gann who had asked her to bring Glendora along. Linda and Betty Coburn arrived at Glendora's place about 8:00 P.M. to see whether Gayla and Glendora were coming to the party. While waiting for Glendora to dress, they began drinking beer, and continued until 10:00 P.M., when all four left for Linda's place in Linda's car. The party at Linda's was attended by approximately ten men and women who were all drinking beer or hard liquor. At about 11:00 P.M., Linda and Gayla left and went to get coffee and a snack at a cafe, where they remained until about 1:00 A.M. Sunday. Linda then took Gayla to Glendora's home where Gayla got in her car and started for her own home.
Gayla's husband spent the evening at home. He had fallen asleep watching television. At 1:00 A.M. he was awakened by *407 a loud noise. He checked the children in their bedroom and then went outside, where he saw Gayla's green Volkswagen unoccupied. As he walked around it, he noticed a hole in the door glass on the driver's side. He also noticed that a small foreign station wagon with a luggage rack on its top had just backed out of the Figueroa driveway and was driving off. It was too dark to ascertain its color or who was in it. In the Volkswagen were his wife's keys and her purse, which contained $87 out of the $100 he had given her that day to buy Christmas presents for their children. He returned to his house and went to bed!
Early Sunday morning his father-in-law arrived to awaken Gayla and see that she got to work on time. When it appeared that her bed had not been slept in, the car was again examined, and her father, convinced that the hole in the car's glass was from a bullet, called the police.
Defendant was stationed at the Marine base near Yuma, but he lived in Yuma, and on that Saturday night he was in Yuma after working hours. He owned and drove a small red Opel (foreign) station wagon with a luggage rack on its top. During the evening he drank beer with two male friends from 10:00 until after midnight. During that period he showed them a .38 caliber pistol which he carried and which was loaded with a distinctive type of ammunition called "wadcutter." These bullets have flat noses and are used for target practice because they cut sharper holes in the target than conventional bullets. Sometime near 12:30 A.M. Sunday, he left his friends. There is no evidence to place him outside the Figueroa house at 1:00 A.M. except Mr. Figueroa's testimony that defendant's Opel is the same size and shape as the one he saw driving away shortly after the noise awakened him.
Sunday afternoon Gayla's naked body was found floating in the backwaters of the Colorado River in a heavy growth of salt cedar trees. Her clothes were never found. There was a narrow path through the growth to the water's edge where tire tracks were found. The wheelbase and the distance between the two rear wheels closely matched those of defendant's Opel, which was found several days later at his mother's home in Salt Lake City. Casts of the tire marks were sent to the F.B.I. laboratory in Washington for comparison with the tires on defendant's car, but no evidence was introduced to show that they matched.
A closer examination of Gayla's car revealed that a bullet had passed through the left door glass, through the car, and into the right door, where it was found between the inner panel and the outside metal skin of the door which was dented from stopping the bullet. The slug proved to be a .38 caliber wadcutter fired from a Smith and Wesson pistol. A clerk from the Marine base testified that she had sold a .38 caliber Smith and Wesson pistol and wadcutter ammunition to defendant prior to the murder.
A hair on the floor mat of defendant's car was also analyzed by the F.B.I. laboratory. It could not be proved that it came from Gayla's head but it was the same type as her hair, and could have been hers. On defendant's car, authorities were able to find a sprig of salt cedar, of the same type as that which grew near where the body was found, but which also grew in hundreds of other places in the Yuma area.
Defendant did not take the stand, but he gave a statement to the Royal Canadian Mounted Police who apprehended him in Canada. His story indicated that on Saturday night, October 10, he was drinking with three male friends (who testified that all four drank beer from about 10:00 P.M. until 12:30 A.M. when defendant left). Defendant's statement indicates that he was "feeling remorseful" because of his mother's pending divorce, so he drove to Phoenix, arriving at "about 3 or 4 in the morning." There, he found that she had gone back to her home in Salt Lake City, so he drove back to Yuma, arriving there "at 6 or 6:30." In Yuma, he picked up his *408 wife and daughter and drove back to Phoenix, leaving Yuma at about 8:00 A.M. Sunday. A Phoenix motel manager testified that all of them checked into her motel at about 10:30 Sunday morning. They shopped for maternity clothes for his wife, but few stores were open on Sunday, so they drove back to Yuma. On the way back, he decided he was going to desert the Marines and go to Canada. He called his superior at the Marine base and told him that his daughter was sick and that he wouldn't be in for duty Monday. They then drove to Salt Lake City where he left his wife, child and car, and was driven to Canada by his sister and her husband.
While in custody of the Canadian police, he called his wife, who by then was living in Pennsylvania. In that conversation she told him that the car had been impounded and he asked: "Did you clean it up? Did you wash it up?"
A post mortem was done on Gayla's body. It disclosed several contusions of the scalp and numerous abrasions all over the body. It indicated that she was dead when she was put in the water. Two fingernails were broken. She died from suffocation, but there was no evidence of manual strangulation. When defendant was apprehended, he had scratch marks on his neck. No examination was made to ascertain whether there was sperm in her vagina which was not lacerated. The head bruises were severe enough to cause unconsciousness but not enough to cause death. There was no bullet wound. The alcohol content of her blood was .02.
Fingernail scrapings were sent to the F.B.I. laboratory but no testimony was introduced as to the results of the analysis. No examination for fingerprints was made of Gayla's car.
We have set out most of the facts because defendant raises eleven issues which refer to them. The jury, by its verdict, has found that the facts point to defendant's guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. It is not within the province of an appellate court to upset a verdict which is supported by substantial evidence. State v. Burrell, 106 Ariz. 100, 471 P.2d 712. On appeal, the evidence will be viewed in a light most favorable to the state. Ibid. It is not the function of this court to retry conflicts in evidence. State v. Andrews, 106 Ariz. 372, 476 P.2d 673.
The judgment of the superior court, therefore, must be affirmed unless the court made one of the errors in law pointed out in defendant's brief. These alleged errors, with the numbers assigned to them by defendant, are:
Did the court err in denying defendant's motion for a bill of particulars?
The information charged that the defendant, on or about October 11, 1970, in the county of Yuma, murdered Gayla Ruth Figueroa in violation of A.R.S. §§ 13-451, 452, and 453. Defendant's motion for a bill of particulars asked what agency, act or omission caused the death of Gayla Figueroa, when and where the death took place, and the cause of death. The motion admitted that at the preliminary hearing the cause of death was given as asphyxiation, but complained that the defense had no information as to how, when and where death occurred.
Rule 120, Rules of Criminal Procedure, 17 A.R.S., provides:
"An ... information need contain no allegation of the means by which the offense was committed, unless such allegation is necessary to charge the offense under Rule 115."
Rule 116, Rules of Criminal Procedure, provides for the ordering of a bill of particulars containing "such information as may be necessary" to enable the defendant to prepare his defense. It also provides that in determining whether the motion should be allowed, "the court shall consider the whole record and the entire course of the proceedings...."
We have held that the granting of a bill of particulars rests in the sound discretion of the court. State v. Benham, 58 Ariz. *409 129, 118 P.2d 91. We have also held that our constitution and the rules cited above "cannot be ignored or treated lightly." Ibid.
We believe that a trial court should exercise its discretion in favor of seeing that the accused is furnished with every fact necessary to prepare the best possible defense. The modern trend in discovery proceedings is to have the winner determined by the facts, rather than by which side is the most ingenious in "playing the game."
In the instant case, it would not have helped defendant to grant his motion, because the prosecution did not have the information that he wanted. Even when the trial took place, the state was unable to prove the cause of death more particularly than "asphyxia." Its expert could not state that the asphyxia was caused by any human agency. It made no attempt to prove the time of death or the place of death, for the simple reason that it did not have that information. Therefore, error, if any, in the instant case was not prejudicial.
Did the court err in denying defendant's motion to produce certain documents?
Prior to the trial, defense counsel requested leave to inspect and copy various items in the possession of the prosecution. Some of the items requested were granted.
In his brief the defendant has referred specifically to the failure of the court to order the production of the intercepted telephone conversation in Canada which was reduced to writing. However, he has failed to indicate in what regard he was prejudiced. The production of documents is a matter solely within the sound discretion of the judge. State v. Colvin, 81 Ariz. 388, 307 P.2d 98 (1957). No abuse of discretion has been shown here.
With regard to the failure of the state to produce a copy of the autopsy report before trial, we view this also as non-prejudicial. Had the report given the time, place, or actual manner of death, defendant would have suffered from the lack of information essential to the preparation of his defense. Such was not the case. The only item in the report useful to the defense was the alcohol content of the dead girl's blood. This was .02. Using this as a starting point, defense counsel was able to build as good an alibi as he could have built had he been given a copy of the report before trial. He showed by various witnesses approximately how much beer the victim had drunk between 8:00 P.M. and 11:00 P.M. on Saturday, and how fast the body of a girl of her weight dissipates such alcohol. From that, he made a case that tended to show that Gayla could not have died until 8:00 A.M. or 10:00 A.M. Sunday, at which time defendant must have already left Yuma to enable him and his family to register at the Phoenix motel by 10:30 A.M. The difficulty with that theory, however, was that the exact amount of beer drunk by Gayla could not be proved. No one at the party could be positive whether she had eight or twelve glasses, or less, what size the glasses were, or whether she drank the entire contents of each glass. The jury obviously was not impressed by defendant's theory.
Did the court err in permitting witnesses to testify for the state, when they had not been timely endorsed upon the information?
Rule 153 of the Rules of Criminal Procedure provides that the names of all witnesses upon which an information is based must be endorsed thereon before it is presented, and that the county attorney shall endorse thereon, at such time as the court may rule, the names of all other witnesses he intends to call. In this case, on motion of defense counsel, the court ordered the county attorney to make the required endorsements on the information by December 25, 1970. The county attorney failed to get the names so endorsed until *410 January 7, 1971, at which time he endorsed the names of 28 witnesses. Trial began January 26, 1971. The county attorney endorsed the names of John Phipps and Jerry Rogers the day before the trial, the name of DeWayne Wolfer on the second day of the trial, and the name of Amelia Trevino on the third day of the trial.
Some counties (Maricopa, for example) have special rules requiring endorsement of the names of all witnesses at least five days before trial. Even in such cases, we have held that a violation of the rule does not automatically disqualify the witness. The decision is a matter for the trial court's discretion. State v. Sherrick, 98 Ariz. 46, 402 P.2d 1, cert. denied, 384 U.S. 1022, 86 S. Ct. 1938, 16 L. Ed. 2d 1024. In the event of genuine surprise, the court may remedy the situation by granting the defendant a continuance, but only if the defendant applies for one at the earliest opportunity and it is necessary in the interests of justice. We are unable to find any five-day rule in Yuma County, so that the instant case is governed only by Criminal Rule 153.
In the instant case, Rogers was called by the state to identify the location where the body was discovered, and to identify a picture of the body which he took. No prejudice can possibly be demonstrated by permitting this witness to testify, and no objection was made by defense counsel at that time.
Witness Phipps was called merely to account for the custody of the wadcutter bullet removed from Gayla's car. His testimony was purely routine; there was no objection by the defense, and no cross-examination. It could not possibly have caused any prejudice to defendant.
Both Rogers and Phipps had been called by defendant at the preliminary hearing.
DeWayne Wolfer was a ballistics expert brought in by the prosecution from Los Angeles on the second day of the trial. His name was not then endorsed on the information, and the defense had no prior notice. Objection was made by defense counsel when he was called, and the matter was argued outside the presence of the jury. The witness identified the bullet as a .38 caliber wadcutter "reload" which means that it had been reloaded after it left the factory. He also testified that it had been fired from a Smith and Wesson revolver. His testimony was a slight help to the prosecution. Most of the time spent in examining and cross-examining him was wasted in an attempt to get him to state something definite about the appearance of automobile glass broken by a hypothetical bullet. In no case was either side able to get a useful answer because neither side could give him enough facts upon which to base an unequivocal answer. No prejudice could have resulted from the court's ruling that the witness could testify.
On the third day of the trial, the county attorney asked leave to call Amelia Trevino who had not been endorsed on the information. He offered to allow defense counsel to talk with her before she testified. Defense counsel asked for a short recess to talk with her. This was granted and took place off the record. The court then asked whether there was any objection to calling her and defense counsel replied that he objected because she was not endorsed on the information and he had had no notice whatever of the state's intention to call her.
She was permitted to testify that she was a sales clerk at the Marine Corps Base and that nine months before the murder she had sold defendant a .38 caliber Smith and Wesson revolver. On cross-examination she stated that she had also sold defendant some wadcutter ammunition prior to the murder.
The use of this witness is governed by the same Criminal Rule and by the Sherrick case, supra. Defense counsel did not request a continuance. We find no reversible error in the action of the trial court with regard to any of the above witnesses. *411 See State v. Chitwood, 73 Ariz. 161, 168, 239 P.2d 353, 358, where we held:
"[E]ven if the county attorney had neglected through oversight or otherwise to indorse Bayer's name upon the indictment ... such omission would not of itself justify the trial court in granting the motion for a new trial.... [D]efendant asked for no continuance. The presumption is that he needed none and the law is that he waived any legal right which he had to challenge the propriety of the testimony given by Bayer."
Did the court err in allowing a Canadian policeman to testify concerning a statement made to him while in custody in Canada?
Upon his arrest, defendant was given both the American Miranda warnings and the Canadian warnings. The latter consist merely of a statement that the accused is not obligated to say anything, but if he does, anything he says "may be given in evidence." Defendant indicated that he understood his rights and stated, "I do not wish to waive my U.S. rights." Two Canadian police officers sat across the table from defendant while one of them questioned the prisoner. Defendant asked his questioner to make a carbon copy of what he wrote down during the questioning. Defendant answered questions, and when the session was over, the officer asked him if it was correct. Defendant suggested certain corrections which were made, and then acknowledged the correctness of the statement but refused to sign it. The answers were given freely and voluntarily, with no promises or inducements. Defendant asked whether a lawyer would be appointed for him and was told that he could apply for one, but that it was doubtful whether one could be obtained. He never specifically asked for a lawyer or indicated that he did not want to talk in the absence of counsel. All he said was that he didn't want to waive his U.S. rights.
Defendant's theory is that his refusal to waive his U.S. rights required that the officer at once cease the questioning until a lawyer could be procured; that since one could not be procured, further questioning was involuntary under Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436, 86 S. Ct. 1602, 16 L. Ed. 2d 694. Defendant quotes from Miranda, that:
"If the individual indicates in any manner, at any time prior to or during questioning, that he wishes to remain silent, the interrogation must cease."
The Canadian police officer's uncontradicted testimony was to the effect that defendant never asked for a lawyer, never indicated that he wished to remain silent, and answered all questions voluntarily. Obviously, the rule of Miranda is inapplicable, even if it were held to have extraterritorial effect.
The court made a finding, out of the hearing of the jury, that the statement was given voluntarily, and it was admitted. During the voluntariness hearing, defendant testified that he thought that he was being arrested merely for being AWOL but that after his questioning was completed, the officer handed him the warrant and asked him to read it again, which he then did.
There is nothing in defendant's statement which inculpates him, and many of the items in it were proved independently by the testimony of other witnesses. Defendant makes no claim that the statement was obtained by threats or promises. He claims only that it was obtained in violation of Miranda. We do not agree.
The warnings enunciated in Miranda evolved from a line of cases which began with Mapp v. Ohio, 367 U.S. 643, 81 S. Ct. 1684, 1692, 6 L. Ed. 2d 1081, 1090 (1961), in which the Court said:
"[T]he purpose of the exclusionary rule `is to deter to compel respect for the constitutional guaranty in the only effectively available way by removing the incentive to disregard it.'"
It is not the purpose of the rules in Mapp and Miranda, supra, to teach the Canadian *412 police that their efforts will be wasted if they do not follow our basic laws. We have no extraterritorial jurisdiction even if that were our purpose.
California has held that an American who leaves the country, takes the risk that if he is apprehended there, the procedural safeguards of his native country may not be applied. People v. Helfend, 1 Cal. App. 3d 873, 82 Cal. Rptr. 295, cert. denied, 398 U.S. 967, 90 S. Ct. 2182, 26 L. Ed. 2d 551.
This court, in State v. Lombardo, 104 Ariz. 598, 457 P.2d 275, held that private security police, not controlled or paid by any law enforcement body, were not obligated to give Miranda warnings. See also Stonehill v. United States, 405 F.2d 738 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 395 U.S. 960, 89 S. Ct. 2102, 23 L. Ed. 2d 747.
Did the court err in permitting a Canadian police officer to testify as to the contents of a conversation on which he eaves-dropped?
The record shows that defendant, while in custody in Canada, was permitted to make a call, and that he made it to his wife, who was residing in Pennsylvania. One officer guarded him during the conversation, and the other listened on an extension in another room, unknown to defendant. The officer on the extension testified at the trial that defendant asked his wife whether she had cleaned and washed his car, which he had left with her when he fled to Canada. Eavesdropping of this sort, according to the testifying officer, was legal in Canada and was done to make sure that defendant was not arranging to be "rescued" by friends.
Defendant argues that although the eavesdropping might not have been illegal under Canadian law, the divulging of the conversation overheard was illegal under United States laws, and no court should permit a crime to be committed from its own witness stand.
The pertinent federal statute is 18 U.S.C.A. § 2515. It provides that whenever a wire or oral communication has been intercepted, no part of the contents may be received in evidence in any trial "if the disclosure of that information would be in violation of this chapter." (Emphasis added). 18 U.S.C.A. § 2511 makes it a felony to intercept any wire or oral communication, or to disclose the contents knowing that they had been intercepted.
We interpret these sections, read together, to mean that the contents of a message may not be received in evidence if the message was intercepted in violation of the statute. In the instant case, the message interception did not violate any statute of the United States, since it took place in Canada. See Cross v. State, 235 Ga. 760, 171 S.E.2d 507, 510. There is testimony to indicate that the interception did not even violate any law of Canada.
In our opinion, the conversation was also admissible under the Wong Sun doctrine, 371 U.S. 471, 83 S. Ct. 407, 416, 9 L. Ed. 2d 441, 453. In that case the Court said:
"The essence of a provision forbidding the acquisition of evidence in a certain way ... does not mean that the facts thus obtained become sacred and inaccessible. If knowledge of them is gained from an independent source they may be proved like any others...." (Emphasis added).
In the instant case, the presence of another officer in the room with defendant, allowed the state to learn of the conversation without using the information gained from the interception of the conversation. To remand and allow the same conversation to be introduced through the mouth of the other officer would serve no useful purpose, and goes to show that the admission of the evidence, if error, was not prejudicial. One can hardly complain of a violation of his right to privacy when he carries on his conversation in the presence of a police officer.
Did the court err in interrogating the state's witnesses with leading questions, *413 thereby establishing a foundation for admitting a telephone conversation in evidence?
There is no prohibition against a judge's asking leading questions, and counsel has not cited any cases in support of this proposition. The action complained of occurred in a hearing outside the presence of the jury and hence is even less subject to objection. We find no merit to this contention.
Did the court err in failing to interrogate the jury when defense counsel informed the court that the foreman made a telephone call during dinner, after the jury's deliberations had commenced? The court asked defense counsel whether he wished to call any witnesses regarding that event, and counsel stated that he did not wish to call any witnesses or make any record of any objection, but that he did want the court to call the jury from its deliberations and ask just whom had been called and about what.
We think that the record of any objection is too feeble to merit attention at the appellate level. State v. Thurston, 100 Ariz. 297, 413 P.2d 764.
Did the court err in refusing to direct a verdict for defendant?
Defendant reviews the entire testimony, under this allegation of error. We have set out most of the pertinent evidence in the case, and are convinced that there was enough circumstantial evidence properly admitted, to justify submitting the case to the jury.
Was the verdict of the jury contrary to law and to the weight of the evidence?
This is but another way of stating VIII, supra, and the answer is the same. There was substantial evidence that justified submitting the case to the jury, and for the same reason, there was ample evidence for the jury to return a verdict of guilty.
Did the court err in refusing to grant a new trial, after hearing the testimony of Reggie Minyard?
At the original trial, the witness Minyard testified that he had gone to the water's edge to fish, and had discovered the floating body of Gayla Figueroa. He also testified that "[i]t appeared to me that something heavy had been drug across the ground there." When the prosecutor asked whether he meant "something like a body," the answer was "Yes."
At the motion for a new trial, it was proved that the naval intelligence officer at the Marine base had told all of the Marines not to talk to defense counsel before the trial. Minyard was one of those so advised. After the verdict, Minyard contacted defense counsel and was put on the stand in connection with defendant's motion for a new trial. While the motion was not on the ground of newly-discovered evidence, Minyard's testimony was taken on that theory. He stated that he had fished in those waters frequently; that he had often seen others do so; that those others often caught a large number of catfish which they put in gunny sacks and dragged over the ground to their cars; and that the tracks left by those gunny sacks appeared essentially the same as those which he observed and had attributed to the dragging of Gayla's body. Minyard testified that he had told this to naval intelligence and that they had forbidden him to talk to anyone but the prosecution, so he had not mentioned the fact on the stand during the trial, and had not mentioned it to defense counsel when he was interviewed as a prospective witness.
This is hardly "newly-discovered evidence." The witness was available and on the stand. A simple question of whether the drag marks could not have been caused by something other than a body *414 would have elicited an affirmative reply. There is no claim that the witness lied.
In granting a new trial on the ground of newly-discovered evidence, the trial court has a wide range of discretion. State v. Urry, 104 Ariz. 244, 450 P.2d 1018. As a general rule, a new trial for newly-discovered evidence will not be granted to permit the introduction of testimony of a witness whose identity was known by the moving party at the time of the trial. Ibid. Defendant's position is that because the witness had been directed not to talk with defense counsel, the latter could not have discovered the evidence before the trial. However, not only the cross-examiner but also all of the jurors could hardly help knowing that when the witness said that it looked like "something heavy had been drug across the ground," he was saying that it could have been something other than a body. Since the witness hadn't seen what was "drug," it was obvious to the jury that it was anyone's guess what the object was, even without the questions being asked on cross-examination. It is very doubtful whether the new testimony would have had any effect on the jury's verdict, and without such proof, it is not error to refuse to grant a new trial. State v. Murphy, 107 Ariz. 109, 482 P.2d 872.
Did the court err in admitting a photograph of the victim's body?
Defendant argues that the photograph was not needed to prove any part of the state's case and that it was "gruesome and grotesque and could only serve as inflammatory matter." The state argues that the pictures helped identify the victim, locate the scene of the body's discovery, and explain the testimony of the medical examiner. The objection that the picture was unduly gruesome carries no weight in this court when the picture has not been forwarded to us to examine. It is the duty of counsel who makes this type of objection, to see that the record before us contains the material to which he takes exception. State v. Brooks, 107 Ariz. 364, 489 P.2d 1.
The judgment of the superior court is affirmed.
CAMERON, V.C.J., and STRUCKMEYER, LOCKWOOD and HOLOHAN, JJ., concur.
of Arizona Supreme Court opinions.


Moving overseas is very different from a domestic move. Different laws, cultures, customs and languages are just a few of the issues that you'll face. Our International Relocation Consultants will answer your questions, advise you on the best options for your unique moving needs and be your single point-of-contact every step of the way for a stress-free move.
Arpin America is an expert in global relocations. We know the regulations, the timelines and the documents necessary to move your household from one country to another. Our ability to offer you a wide range of customized services sets us apart from a one-size-fits-all international relocator.
As the largest agent for Arpin Van Lines, we have relationships with the finest moving industry service companies throughout the world. From freight forwarders to delivery crews and every service supplier in between your origin and destination, your belongings are handled with the care you expect.
Packing your belongings for an air or sea shipment is different from a domestic trip. We use only the highest quality materials and appropriate wrapping methods to prevent damage to your belongings. From building custom crates to padding furniture correctly for container transport we protect your items for the long journey. At your destination our local partners will unpack high-value items for your inspection and reassemble any furniture that was disassembled by our crew. Then all packing debris will be removed.
Going overseas for a short-term assignment? We can pack and store your belongings in our climate-regulated warehouses while you take just the necessities with you.
We can ship your belongings by air or sea. While air transport is more expensive it may be the right choice based on time constraints or if you need essential items delivered more quickly than the bulk of your household goods. Ocean transport has a longer delivery time but offers an affordable option for the majority of your delivery.


Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by God's will, and Timothy our brother: To the saints in Christ at Colossae, who are faithful brothers. Grace to you and peace from God our Father. We always thank God, the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, when we pray for you, for we have heard of your faith in Christ Jesus and of the love you have for all the saints.
As we start a study in the book of Colossians, we see in the greeting that this letter is written by Paul to the church in Colossae. Timothy is with him. Paul is Timothy's father in the faith, meaning he led Timothy to Christ.
They have heard testimony from someone else about this church's genuine faith in Christ and the love they have for one another. Paul is encouraging them and letting them know that they pray often for them, thanking God for them. Here we learn that faith in Christ and our love for fellow believers are the hallmarks of genuine Christianity.
Faith in Christ and love for one another = genuine Christianity. This is how we know.
Lord, we thank You that You are a faithful God, worthy of our trust and love. May we be found faithful to You, lifting up our thanks to You for each other. Help us to remember in our busyness to pause to encourage and show each other our genuine love for them. In doing this, we show love to you. In Jesus name, amen.


text:
Q: Quora users (bots?) are copying a significant amount of Stack Exchange questions to Quora, without proper attribution Quora users (bots?) are copying a significant amount of Stack Exchange questions to Quora, without proper attribution. It seems quite systematic.
Examples from https://money.stackexchange.com:

*

*Are there any issues with sending money outside of the US? https://qr.ae/TV2juJ

*Is Saikyo Sakura Assets Holding a legit company?: https://qr.ae/TV2jNx
Examples from https://travel.stackexchange.com:

*

*What are the post-DST timezones in the EU/EEA member states?: https://qr.ae/TV2Lnt

*Are there any airlines which offer two complimentary checked bags to all passengers on transatlantic flights?: https://qr.ae/TV2LPt
I'm guessing that some other Stack Exchange websites are affected.
I wonder whether Quora help organize this content theft because when looking at the profiles of the Quora "users" that copy all questions, such as https://www.quora.com/profile/Dex-Jackson/questions (he's the one copying https://money.stackexchange.com's questions) and https://www.quora.com/profile/Steve-Tang-6/questions (he's the one copying https://travel.stackexchange.com's questions), we don't see the questions in the user profiles, which shouldn't be happening and therefore seems to be some kind of cover up only Quora could technically do, as far as I know.
Anyway, how can we make this systematic content license infringement stop?

Updates:

*

*2020-01-26: I reported Quora users https://www.quora.com/profile/Dex-Jackson and https://www.quora.com/profile/Steve-Tang-6 to Quora on 2020-01-20: Quora has taken no action yet and hasn't communicated with me. I have noticed that some questions posted on Stack Exchange get copied to Quora in less than one minute, which leads me to think that this copyright infringement process from Quora is automated. For example, Is the first day of the offering period always the same as the "grant date" in the context of employee stock purchase plans (ESPP)? got copied to https://qr.ae/TDNjXW by https://www.quora.com/profile/Jordan-Gambrell-2 in less than one minute. I've just reported this Jordan-Gambrell-2 user to Quora. If Quora doesn't take action within 1 week,  I will  file a complaint to Stack Exchange via https://meta.stackexchange.com/contact.

*2020-01-29: I've looked at Quora's content more systematically over the past few days and it is clear that thousands of questions have been copied, and very likely one or two order(s) of magnitude more (I'm guessing >10k questions). Quora still hasn't replied to me.  As a result, I have filed a complaint to Stack Exchange via https://meta.stackexchange.com/contact.

*2020-03-08: I haven't had any reply from Quora or Stack Exchange. According to this answer from a Stack Exchange employee:

[Stack Exchange] don't send any follow-up because we do nothing with about 99.9% of those reports.

*2020-07-07: Further examples by Dex Jackson are documented at the Chinese.SE meta: Someone seems to be copy/pasting question titles to Quora without attribution.  It is possible to watch the plagiarism taking place live on Dex Jackson's Quora activity page. We can see on Steve Tang's Quora activity page that Steve is also actively plagiarizing questions from Stack Exchange.

*2020-07-09: Further examples by Dex Jackson are documented at the Math.SE meta: Livestream plagiarism of question titles from Math.SE onto Quora where there is a response from Quora; they (failing to see the irony) write:

Thank you for your report. It appears from your claim that you do not own the copyright of the and/or are not authorized to act on behalf of the owner.
We ask that you provide more specific evidence that you own the copyright to the content in question, such as a copyright registration or other information supporting your claim.

Meanwhile, livestream plagiarism continues.
So for now I'm simply double posting my questions on both Stack Exchange and Quora, which on the upside of makes it a bit easier to retrieve the content of questions automatically removed on Stack Exchange.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
With measles on the rise nationwide, Iowa and other states question religious, personal vaccine exemptions
Iowa's last confirmed measles case was in 2011, but recent legislation has sparked debate over vaccine exemptions in the Statehouse.
With measles on the rise nationwide, Iowa and other states question religious, personal vaccine exemptions Iowa's last confirmed measles case was in 2011, but recent legislation has sparked debate over vaccine exemptions in the Statehouse. Check out this story on desmoinesregister.com: https://www.desmoinesregister.com/story/news/health/2019/04/03/measles-anti-vax-opposition-autism-iowa-vaccine-exemptions-religious-personal-medical-immunizations/3352317002/
Shelby Fleig, Des Moines Register Published 2:39 p.m. CT April 3, 2019 | Updated 5:05 p.m. CT April 3, 2019
Outbreaks across the U.S. have forced officials to declare emergencies. Why are we starting to see the rise of these outbreaks? It dates back to the anti-vax movement. Just the FAQs, USA TODAY
As outbreaks of measles and other infectious diseases grow around the country, some states including Iowa are questioning personal and religious exemptions to vaccines.
Because more Iowa parents are utilizing the exemptions, fewer Iowa kids are protected from measles — a highly contagious and sometimes fatal disease that experts say is preventable with proper immunization.
The myth that vaccines can cause autism and other conditions was debunked long ago, but anti-vaccination voices — boosted by social media — continue to spread misinformation. Adverse reactions to immunizations do happen, but are rare and usually mild, like rash or fever, experts say.
Vials of vaccine for measles, mumps and rubella vaccine are displayed on a counter. (Photo: Getty Images)
► More: Vaccine exemption bill, which would make it easier to opt out of shots, stalls in Senate
"Every American should be alarmed by the current measles outbreaks occurring in many states," John Wiesman, secretary of health at the Washington State Department of Health, testified at a U.S. Senate committee hearing earlier this year.
Washington has reported 74 measles cases since Jan. 1.
"Measles is an entirely preventable disease and we must redouble our efforts as a nation to spread the truth that vaccines save lives and address parental concerns about vaccinating their children," said Wiesman.
Fifteen states have confirmed a total of 387 measles cases in 2019 — already the second-largest figure in two decades.
040319-Measles-outbreak (Photo: USA TODAY)
Vaccine bills making little progress
Iowa's last confirmed measles case was in 2011, but legislation is sparking debate in the Statehouse. Parents, pediatricians and lawmakers convened on the issue in February.
A bill that would have allowed parents to gain exemptions from required immunization if the shots conflicted with "conscientiously held beliefs" stalled in a Senate subcommittee after less than an hour of public testimony.
Sponsored by Republicans Sens. Dennis Guth of Klemme and Brad Zaun of Urbandale, the bill would have amended state law to authorize medical exemptions if a vaccine "could," instead of "would," injure a child.
► More: There are nearly 400 reported cases of measles in the US. What are states doing about it?
Several other vaccine-related bills have been introduced at the Iowa Capitol this year, including one that aimed to eliminate religious exemptions altogether, but none are expected to advance this session.
The Iowa Department of Public Health said it supports all "strategies to achieve and maintain high vaccination levels."
"Recent disease outbreaks across the U.S. in recent years illustrate that some Americans are not taking advantage of opportunities to protect themselves, their families and their communities from preventable diseases," said Polly Carver-Kimm, the department's communications director, in an email to the Register. "Vaccines prevent diseases and save lives."
Vaccination exemptions on the rise in Iowa
Iowans can currently gain vaccination exemptions for medical reasons, such as if a child is allergic to a shot, or for religious reasons.
The number of Iowa parents obtaining religious exemptions to vaccination requirements has more than tripled in recent years — from 2,572 in the 2006-07 school year to 8,740 in the 2017-18 school year — according to the Iowa Department of Public Health. No major religion teaches that vaccinations are wrong, but parents don't have share specific reasoning when applying for a religious exemption.
► Database:School vaccination rates in Iowa
The number of medical exemptions in Iowa increased from 1,461 to 1,852 in the same years.
The form Iowa families must fill out to obtain a religious exemption to vaccination says the parent attests "a genuine and sincere religious belief and that the belief is in fact religious, and not based merely on philosophical, scientific, moral, personal or medical opposition to immunizations." (Photo: Iowa Department of Public Health)
Arizona, Maine, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York and Oregon considering tightening rules for personal exemptions, according to the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials. Of those, Arizona, New Jersey, New York and Oregon have confirmed measles cases this year.
Illustrating the issue's polarized sides, several states are debating bills to expand and protect those same exemptions. Iowa has seen bills on both sides.
All states and Washington, D.C., have vaccination requirements for children starting school, but allow for medical exemptions. All states excluding California, Mississippi, and West Virginia also allow non-medical exemptions, according to ASTHO.
Register reporter Tony Leys and USA TODAY reporter Jorge L. Ortiz contributed to this report.
More: 'It was terrible': Iowan remembers having measles during one of the state's worst outbreaks
Read or Share this story: https://www.desmoinesregister.com/story/news/health/2019/04/03/measles-anti-vax-opposition-autism-iowa-vaccine-exemptions-religious-personal-medical-immunizations/3352317002/
Father charged after 2 children left in hot car
Couple left with $26K worth of damage after basement wall fell
Klobuchar: Trump's promises are 'all foam, no beer'
How to prevent hot car deaths after 16-month-old girl dies in Iowa
Candidates flock to Iowa for Fourth of July
Toddler dies after being left in hot vehicle


4 Smart Storage Solutions For Every Home!
Making the most of the storage space in your home can be a tough business. If you have kids, then there are endless toys, clothes, and books that need to be stored away. This can be tricky if you don't have much space in your house. The good news is, there are ways to make the most of the space you have. With some simple alterations and some great products, you can find the space you need.
Bunk beds are perfect for kids. Not only do they provide them with a great place to sleep, but they can also be superb if you are struggling for space. You can get some great styles that include desk space, wardrobes and plenty of drawers. Web sites such as http://www.cuckooland.com/dnc/cuckooland/category/3377/bunk-beds do a range of different bunk beds, so you can find the one that's right for you. It's ideal for children's bedrooms where you are short on floor space. It can also be a great adventure for kids who will love sleeping on the top bunk.
There are some great storage items now that fit in with existing furniture. You could consider under bed storage, which is an efficient and neat way of storing items out of sight. You can get storage drawers which are stylish and fit under the bed, or you can invest in baskets to store items out of sight. If you don't have any space under your bed, it could be a very good time to start looking at new beds. There are many options now including storage divans and beds that lift up to reveal plentiful storage space. It's perfect for smaller bedrooms and can improve the look of your rooms. You could also consider adding shelves in places where space is at a premium, such as an office space and small bedrooms.
Having built-in wardrobes and cupboard space is a great way to utilize the space in your room. With smart designs, you can make sure everything is stored away and hidden behind closed doors. It makes storing things look stylish, and it's very practical. Sliding doors can also make a room feel bigger as you don't need to worry about doors opening into other items of furniture. A lot of these wardrobes also come with drawer space, so you really can hide it all away from view. It's perfect for maintaining a minimalist feel in your living space.
If you just need some extra space, then you don't have to consider a full extension for your home. There are some alternatives which offer more room but at a much better price. You could look at getting a summer-house, which could serve as a playroom or an adult's getaway. They are a cost-effective way of gaining a room without having to have the builders in. If you just want to make more of the garden, then a conservatory also adds some extra room in your home.
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I like the idea of a summer house, but I don't think we'd have room with a shed and a greenhouse already.
This are lovely ideas, specially the storage alternatives. I made a similar post for people with limited space like me hahah Let me know if you can have a look?
The summer house is so lovely and it looks absolute huge!
I live in a tiny box room so I have to be very creative with the way that I create space. My bed has draws in to store clothes.
I love the sliding mirrored doors on my wardrobe, it definitely makes the room feel bigger.
Those storage shelves are awesome, just what I need for my sons room. Never heard of this site so off to check them out now.
I love the idea of a summer house. We have the space for it so we may have one when the kids are older.
We are thinking of building fitted wardrobes like them for ourselves.
I know, I so want it!
The post is lovely hun.
I'm definitely saving for one!


text:
function createGraphqlRequest(fetch, user) {
  return async function graphqlRequest(query, variables) {
    const fetchConfig = {
      method: 'post',
      headers: {
        Accept: 'application/json',
        'Content-Type': 'application/json',
      },
      body: JSON.stringify({ query, variables }),
      credentials: 'include',
      user,
    };
    const resp = await fetch('/graphql', fetchConfig);
    if (resp.status !== 200) throw new Error(resp.statusText);
    return resp.json();
  };
}

export default function createHelpers({ fetch, history, user }) {
  return {
    fetch,
    history,
    graphqlRequest: createGraphqlRequest(fetch, user),
  };
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub