Simple tag interface used to mark schema objects that are used by some JsonParser and JsonGenerator implementations to further specify structure of expected format. Basic JSON-based parsers and generators do not use schemas, but some data formats (like many binary data formats like Thrift, protobuf) mandate use of schemas.
Since there is little commonality between schemas for different data formats, this interface does not define much meaningful functionality for accessing schema details; rather, specific parser and generator implementations need to cast to schema implementations they use. This marker interface is mostly used for tagging "some kind of schema" -- instead of passing opaque Object -- for documentation purposes.
Method that can be used to get an identifier that can be used for diagnostics purposes, to indicate what kind of data format this schema is used for: typically it is a short name of format itself, but it can also contain additional information in cases where data format supports multiple types of schemas.


Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis, or BIA, is considered one of the most exact and accessible methods of screening body fat. In conventional BIA, a person is weighed, then height, age, gender and weight or other physical characteristics such as body type, physical activity level, ethnicity, etc. are entered in a computer. While the person is lying down, electrodes are attached to various parts of the body and a small electric signal is circulated.
To read an indepth analysis of Body Impedance Analysis, click the red model to the left.
Simply explained, BIA measures the impedance or resistance to the signal as it travels through the water that is found in muscle and fat. The more muscle a person has, the more water their body can hold. The greater the amount of water in a person's body, the easier it is for the current to pass through it. The more fat, the more resistance to the current. BIA is safe and it does not hurt. In fact, the signal used in body fat monitors can not be felt at all either by an adult or child.
Tanita has patented a revolutionary new way of measuring BIA that is faster, easier, less intrusive and includes a precision scale making this a simple one-step process. Tanita's monitor looks just like a bathroom scale. A person inputs age group, gender and height, then steps onto the platform. Electrodes in the foot sensor pads send a low, safe signal through the body. Weight is calculated automatically along with body fat content in less than a minute.


The Best English Blog Awards competition has ended!
A word of praise must be mentioned to all the bloggers who were nominated in the 2013 Best English Blog Awards.
Thank you for participating and giving readers the opportunity to see such exceptional blogs in one place and letting teachers and students find new resources.
A round of applause and a massive congratulations must go to the winner who made the Finalist stage voted by readers and blogging peers.
Congratulations to Sandie for winning this year's competition!
Your dazzling, colorful and educational blog has garnered most votes by the readers. Thank you for sharing all your wonderful picturesbooks and letting the voice of the blog be heard.
You can click here to visit Sandie's blog and congratulate her!
Thank you to all the bloggers who made picking the winner so hard, and all the entrants who made short-listing such a challenge.
Let us continue building and expanding the ESL community!
We gathered the top English blogs on the web, and you voted for your favorite one!
These wonderful teachers are dedicating their time and efforts to help the English learning/teaching community. On their blogs, they share their wisdom, resources, and advice. This is a great opportunity to show them some love by voting!
The voting ended on October 1st, at 12:00 pm EST (Eastern Standard Time).
Below you will find the full list of 2013 nominees. You can read their interviews and visit their awesome blogs.
"Picturebooks are vastly misunderstood and through my blog I wanted to help teachers understand them a little better, but also provide access to different titles they may otherwise never discover."
Read the full interview and visit the blog.
"Don't teach the coursebook, teach the person! Never forget that you are engaging with people and that the material you use in class is simply there to facilitate their learning and your teaching."
"Get to know your students and what they love doing. It's always motivating to learn anything which is related to our own passions."
"I'm very keen on video. Aside from being a lot of fun it allows us to step outside the classroom and show language in context which is very helpful. Meanings change depending on who is talking to who and where, and it's actually very hard to demonstrate that without using video."
"Read and listen to things you most love in English; If you have the chance, make sure you spend at least a month studying in an English speaking country; Watch the films you love twice – once with subtitles and the next time without them."
"The materials I create for my blog are different because I get immediate feedback, which is great. Plus I can do a lot of things which are not (yet) possible in coursebooks, such as using the latest TED talk, or a viral video."
"Making the lessons fun and engaging is done in the same way that you make a conversation fun and engaging: reach out for the students and be interested in what they have to say. Once we realise we also have something to learn from them, it is easy to accomplish this."
"Constantly changing the methods and learning content keeps the class attentive and avoids the boredom that comes from the teacher saying 'next page'."
"Immerse yourself in an English environment, watch films, cartoons (low level) listen to podcasts anything that forces you to listen – with so much social media etc., make friends with English speaking people and communities, it all helps."
A handful of blogs competing for the Best English Blog Awards.
The initial blogs are chosen by the Really Learn English team, based on specific criteria of excellence and contribution to the English teaching and learning community.
To participate, nominees answer interview questions, and place the participation badge on their site with a link to the competition section on Really Learn English (this page).
The winner is determined by public voting.
The winner gets a Best English Teaching Blog title and badge, and is featured on Really Learn English.
In the vast universe of English teaching blogs, only a select few can be named the best. And that decision is now up to you.
The Best English Teaching Blog Awards competition is here, and it's time to decide who is Bloggie-winning material.
Go over the nominees and vote for the one you think is BEST.
This is Really Learn English's first annual blog awards for best English teaching coverage.
Founded and organized by the team behind Really Learn English, it strives to become the leading means of identifying excellence in English teaching blogging.
English teaching blogs are nominated for the competition by the team of Really Learn English and the winner is selected by the public.
The goal of the competition is to make the public vote and choose the winner of the most outstanding blog.
The winning blogger will receive the title and badge of Best English Teaching Blog and will be featured on Really Learn English.
All qualifying blogs receive free hyperlinks, recognition, and a positive review posting.
For this competition, we will introduce up to 10 bloggers. Polls will close on October 1st, at 12:00 pm EST.
The bloggers have agreed to participate in the competition, and are allowed to promote their participation on their blogs and elsewhere.
The blog must be focused on English teaching and written for the English teaching and learning community.
It should be updated with reasonable frequency with original content, and bloggers must have owned their sites for 6 months or more.
Blog entries should have unique permalinks (URLs).
Bloggers should be knowledgeable about the subject area and write in a compelling, engaging and informative way.
Answer 5 Really Learn English interview questions which will be featured on the Really Learn English website.
Include a hyperlink to the Really Learn English Awards in a blog post.
Display the Award Nominee badge on your blog (the badge should link back to this page).
Voting is open to the public so people can choose their favorite blog.
As soon as nominations have been chosen, organizers go through the blogs and make sure there were no dead links and that the nominated blogs have the required qualification (regular posts, 6 months of history, etc.).
Organizers then present the public with the nominated bloggers, the interview and a hyperlink to their blog site.
One round of voting will take place lasting at least 14 days.
Each person gets one vote for their favorite blog.
Each person voting gets a free gift.
The public will be presented with the winner and a feature page about the winner.


The best MW opening ever?
Well, it´s impossible to compare what would have happened in the ´50-ies and ´60-ies. If you´ve had todays receivers and antennas and those nights with almost no electronic disturbances and a mediumwave band almost empty of European broadcasters after midnight.
But this weekend was impressing compared to anything!
I was in the schack in Fredriksfors Thursday night and Friday morning. I heard a lot of new stations. But what would have happened if I´ve had the possibility to be out there also in the afternoons and the evenings. Some friends heard for instance some 20 Alaskan stations in the afternoon on Sunday, when also KUMU 1500 (HI) was heard for a couple of hours. And seldom (or possibly never) heard daytimers came in at about 21 UTC.
The only thing to be sure of is that there´s a lot of stations I have never heard. Of course thouse are the best ones.
But still, what´s left is quite astonishing as far as we also have some problems with local disturbances due to "villages" as Delsbo and Fredriksfors with housing and some small industries.
On Friday morning I heard two stations from Hawaii!. KUMU 1500 has been widely heard this winter, but AM 9-40 was a real surprise. Both coming in with quite a good signal and 9-40 with just the right music to get that feeling of something exotic.
But there were also a quite a few other stations I hadn´t expected to hear here in the central part of Sweden. With the use of the (not longer so new) SDR-technology and propagation of exceptional standards many stations earlier only "possible" to dx-expeditions in the far north of the Nordic countries has been possible to catch also some 1 000 kilometers to the south. At about the same hours stations came though from Alaska, Washington, California, Texas and New York.
We are talking of really "broad" propagation.
But it wasn´t only a weekend of great catches of new stations.
I also had a most interesting email from Greg Maiuro of AM 1400 WOND in Pleasantville, NJ. The station came in earlier this winter when CBC Gander took a short breath in just the right place.
Greg, who has worked in sports media for almost 30 years has his own talkshow on Friday nights on WOND. And he got his eyes on my report of reception.
Now he has asked me to be on his show this Friday night when he´s warming up for the Superbowl a couple of days later. He´ll phone me at about 11.45 PM UTC, that is 6.45 EST there in Pleasantville, and we´ll talk a little about my listening hobby and what I think of the Superbowl.
Loggings from Fredriksfors after Xmas.
This gives us 11 different directions but that doesn't help much when conditions are poor. Also, we are often having severe local electrical interference, especially on the 317-beverage. Sofar the source of these disturbances has not been located.
There is also one delta loop designed for 60 metres SW plus one G5RV dipole antenna.
As I live quite far from the shack (some 350 km's) I am not able go there very often. Here are some loggings from just before the end of 2008.


BASSETERRE, St. Kitts – Park Hyatt St. Kitts is hiring more workers after opening in November 2017 with 300 local permanent employees. The five-star luxury beach resort located at Christophe Harbour has seen strong bookings since its opening, and the additional job vacancies announced this month indicate that it is enjoying a successful debut as the first Park Hyatt hotel in the Caribbean.
When the much-buzzed-about hotel hosted a press conference in mid-November, Mohammed Asaria, vice chairman of Range Developments, the developer of the project, said during his introduction, "Ladies and gentlemen, it's happened," referring to the opening of the hotel.
If you are interested in working at Park Hyatt St. Kitts, contact Human Resources Manager Waveney Benjamin at waveney.benjamin@hyatt.com or 869-468-1234. Close to 20 positions are now being advertised.


text:
Help others:
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Artcom Museums Tour: Alpha Listing: C
C. M. Russell Museum, Great Falls, Montana
Cahoon Museum of American Art, Cotuit, Massachusetts
California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California
California Center for the Arts Museum, Escondido, California
California Living Museum, Bakersfield, CA
California Military Museum, Sacramento CA
California Museum of Photography - University of California River, Riverside, California
California Palace of The Legion of Honor, San Francisco, California
California State Capitol Museum - California Park Service, Sacramento, California
California Surf Museum , Oceanside, California
California Views Historical Photo Collection, Monterey, CA
Calvert Marine Museum, Solomons, Maryland
Cambridge Museum, Cambridge, Nebraska
Camp Five Museum Foundation, Laona, Wisconsin
Campus Martius: The Museum of The Northwest Territory, Marietta, Ohio
Canal Museum, The, Greenville, Pennsylvania
Canton Art Institute, Canton, Ohio
Cantor Arts Center, Stanford University, California
Cape Ann Historical Museum, Gloucester, Massachusetts
Cape Cod Museum of Natural History, Brewster, Massachusetts
Cape Coral Historical Museum, Cape Coral, FLorida
Cape Fear Museum, Wilmington, NC
Cape Museum of Fine Arts, Dennis, Massachusetts
Capen Hill Nature Sanctuary, Charlton City, Massachusetts
Cappon House Museum, Holland, Michigan
Captain George Flavel Museum, Astoria, Oregon
Caramoor Center For Music & The Arts, Katonah, New York
Cardinal Spellman Philatelic Museum, Weston, Massachusetts
Carlyle House Historic Park, Alexandria, Virginia
Carnegie Museum of Art, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Carnegie Science Center, The, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Carpinteria Valley Museum of History, Carpinteria, California
Carroll County Farm Museum, Westminster, Maryland
Carson City Square House Museum, Panhandle, Texas
Cartoon Art Museum, San Francisco, CA
Casemate Museum, Fort Monroe, Virginia
Castle Air Museum, Merced, CA
Castellani Art Museum of Niagara University, Niagara Falls, New York
Castle Air Museum Foundation, Atwater, California
Catalina Island Museum, Avalon, California
Cedar Rapids Museum of Art, Cedar Rapids, Iowa
Cedarhurst John R. & Eleanor R. Mitchell Foundation, Mount Vernon, Illinois
Center For Contemporary Arts of Santa Fe, Santa Fe, New Mexico
Center For Creative Photography, Tucson, Arizona
Center On Contemporary Art, Seattle, Washington
Central Nevada Museum, Tonopah, Nevada
Central Park Wildlife Center & Zoo, New York, New York
Central Washington Agricultural Museum, Union Gap, Washington
Century House Historical Society, Rosendale, New York
Chariton County Historical Museum, Salisbury, Missouri
Charles A. Wustum Museum of Fine Arts, Racine, Wisconsin
Charles Allis Art Museum, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Charles B. Goddard Center For Visual & Performing Arts, Ardmore, Oklahoma
Charles Bowers Memorial Museum, Santa Ana, California
Charles H. Mac Nider Museum, Mason City, Iowa
Charles Hosmer Morse Museum of American Art, Winter Park, Florida
Charles M. Bair Family Museum, Martinsdale, Montana
Charles Paddock Zoo, Atascadero, California
Chase Home Museum of Utah Folk Art, Salt Lake City, Utah
Chemung Valley History Museum, Elmira NY
Cheney Cowles Museum, Spokane, Washington
Cherokee County Historical Museum, Centre, Alabama
Cherokee Strip Museum & Rose Hill School, Perry, Oklahoma
Chesapeake Bay Maritime Museum, Saint Michaels, MD
Chesterwood, Stockbridge, Massachusetts
Cheyenne Botanic Gardens, Cheyenne, WY
Chicago Academy of Sciences - Nature Museum, Chicago, Illinois
Chicago Athenaeum, Chicago, Illinois
Chicago Botanic Garden, Glencoe, Illinois
Chicago Historical Society, Chicago, Illinois
Children's Discovery Museum, San Jose, CA
Children's Museum, Seattle, Washington
Children's Museum, Utica, New York
Children's Museum at Yunker Farm, The, Fargo, North Dakota
Children's Museum in New Braunfels, New Braunfels, Texas
Children's Museum of Denver, Denver, Colorado
Children's Museum of Maine, Portland, Maine
Children's Museum of Memphis, The, Memphis, Tennessee
Children's Museum of Northern Nevada, Carson City, Nevada
Children's Museum of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
Children's Museum, The, Indianapolis, Indiana
Childventure Museum, Fort Washington, Pennsylvania
China Institute Gallery, China Institute In America, New York, New York
Chinati Foundation, Marfa, Texas
Chinqua - Penn Plantation, Reidsville, North Carolina
Chippewa Valley Museum, Eau Claire, Wisconsin
Chisholm Trail Museum, Kingfisher, Oklahoma
Christian County Historical Museum & Historical Society, Ozark, Illinois
Christian County Museum, Ozark, Missouri
Chrysler Museum of Art and Historic Houses, Norfolk, Virginia
Chugwater Museum, Chugwater, Wyoming
Chula Vista Nature Center, Chula Vista, California
Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati, Ohio
Cincinnati Zoo And Botanical Garden, Cincinnati, Ohio
Circus World Museum, Baraboo, Wisconsin
City Gallery of Contemporary Art, Raleigh, North Carolina
City of Lancaster Museum / Art Gallery, Lancaster, California
Clarke Memorial Museum, Eureka, California
Clausville One - Room Schoolhouse, Clausville, Pennsylvania
Cleveland Center For Contemporary Art, Cleveland, Ohio
Cleveland Health Education Museum, Cleveland, Ohio
Cleveland Institute of Art - Reinberger Galleries, Cleveland, Ohio
Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, Ohio
Cleveland Museum of Natural History, Cleveland, Ohio
Clewiston Museum, Clewiston, Florida
Cloisters, The, New York, New York
Cloud County Historical Museum, Concordia, Kansas
Colby College Museum of Art, Waterville, Maine
Cold Spring Harbor Whaling Museum, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
Cole Land Transportation Museum, Bangor, Maine
Collage Children's Museum, Boulder, Colorado
Colonial Williamsburg, Williamsburg, Virginia
Colorado River Museum, Bullhead City, Arizona
Colorado Springs Fine Arts Center - Taylor Museum, Colorado Springs, Colorado
Colorado Springs Pioneers Museum, Colorado Springs, Colorado
Colorado Territorial Prison Museum and Park, Canon City, Colorado
Columbia County Historical Society Museum, Vernonia, Oregon
Columbia Museum of Art, Columbia, South Carolina
Columbus Museum, Columbus, Georgia
Columbus Museum of Art, Columbus, Ohio
Columbus Zoological Park Association, Powell, Ohio
Comer Museum ( Col of Minerals & Energy Resources), Morgantown, West Virginia
Community Arts Center of Cambria County, Johnstown, Pennsylvania
Community Fine Arts Center, Rock Springs, Wyoming
Community Memorial Museum of Sutter County, Yuba City, California
Concord Museum, Concord, Massachusetts
Conde' Charlotte Museum House, Mobile, Alabama
Conejo Valley Art Museum, Thousand Oaks, California
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Confederate Museum, The, Richmond, Texas
Congregation Beth Ahabah Museum & Archives Trust, Richmond, Virginia
Connecticut Valley Historical Museum, Springfield, Massachusetts
Conner Prairie, Fishers, Indiana
Contemporary Art Museum - U of S Florida, Tampa, Florida
Contemporary Arts Center, The, Cincinnati, Ohio
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Cooper Hewitt, National Museum of Design - Smithsonian Institutio, New York, New York
Coos Art Museum, Coos Bay, Oregon
Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, D C
Corning Museum of Glass, Corning, New York
Corning- Painted Post Historical Society, Corning, New York
Coronado Beach Museum of History and Art, Coronado, CA
Cowlitz County Historical Museum, Kelso, Washington
Coyote Point Museum For Environmental Education, San Mateo, California
Craft & Folk Art Museum, Los Angeles, California
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Creation Evidences Museum, Glen Rose, Texas
Creative Discovery Museum, Chattanooga, Tennessee
Crocker Art Museum, Sacramento, California
Crook County Museum and Art Gallery, Sundance, WY
Crosby County Pioneer Memorial Museum, Crosbyton, Texas
Crowley Museum & Nature Center, Sarasota, Florida
Cummer Museum of Art & Gardens, Jacksonville, Florida
Cupertino History Museum, Cupertino, California
Cupples House Museum & Mc.Namee Gallery - St Louis U, Saint Louis, Missouri
Currier Museum of Art, Manchester, New Hampshire
Cy Twombly Gallery, The Menil Collection, Houston, Texas
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Jeep Grand Cherokee SRT In Hot Rod Victory
Jeep has once again demonstrated the awesome 6.4-litre V8 HEMI-engined Grand Cherokee SRT by taking it to the home of UK drag racing, Santa Pod, and testing it against a retro HEMI-engined Hot Rod Coupe in a head-to-head quarter-mile dash.
On one of the most famous drag strips in the world, UK drag racing champion Stuart Doignie launched the Jeep off the start line and down the quarter-mile straight in 13.5 seconds, defeating the Coupe, driven by Kelvin Dunn, by just 0.9 seconds.
Delivering a massive 468hp and packed full of high-performance technologies including Launch Control, Doignie helped the Jeep Grand Cherokee SRT register an impressive 0-62mph speed of 4.5 seconds while covering the 1320ft stretch in less than 14 seconds.
"I was hugely impressed by the raw power and speed of the Grand Cherokee SRT," said Doignie.
"I've driven plenty of dragster vehicles at Santa Pod but never a car built purely for the road. It's immensely quick off the line and powered through the finish gantry. It was an epically close race with the HEMI Coupe but I was glad to keep up my great record at Santa Pod with another win."
It's the second time the Grand Cherokee SRT has come out victorious in a full-throttle race against unfamiliar opposition following last year's victory against an aerobatic twister plane at Blyton Park race track..
You can find out more about the SRT here or watch the Hot Rod battle below.


Sheep are raised for both meat and wool. Wool is the soft, curly hair that forms the fleece, or coat, of a sheep. Sheep are generally sheared once a year. Shearing means shaving the sheep's body to remove the fleece. This is done in the spring when the sheep no longer need their warm coats.
After the sheep are sheared, the wool is sent to a factory where it is cleaned, straightened, and spun into thread. It is then used to make cloth. Woolen cloth is used to make sweaters, coats, scarves, rugs, and other items.
A male sheep is called a ram, and a female sheep is called a ewe (you). The offspring of a ram and a ewe is called a lamb. Generally, a ewe gives birth to one lamb or a set of twin lambs. Sometimes however, a ewe may have triplets or quadruplets.
Lambs nurse for 2 to 3 months, and then they are weaned. This means that they are fed other food and no longer nurse from their mothers.
Coyotes often prey on sheep. For this reason, sheep ranchers sometimes use guard animals such as dogs or llamas to protect their herds from these predators.
Like cattle, sheep have four stomach compartments and no upper front teeth. They use their bottom teeth, tough upper gums, and strong, rough tongue to break off grass as they graze (eat grass).
About 73,000 sheep are raised on North Dakota farms. Popular breeds raised in the state include Hampshire, Suffolk, and Dorset.


Manuscript/Mixed Material Arabic Firmans 163-300. Firmans, Treaties, Fatwahs and Deeds.
Enlarge View 479 images in sequence.
Arabic Firmans 163-300. Firmans, Treaties, Fatwahs and Deeds.
Arabic Firmans 163-300. Firmans, Treaties, Fatwahs and Deeds . 1197. Manuscript/Mixed Material. https://0-www.loc.gov.oasys.lib.oxy.edu/item/00279389062-ms/.
(1197) Arabic Firmans 163-300. Firmans, Treaties, Fatwahs and Deeds . [Manuscript/Mixed Material] Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://0-www.loc.gov.oasys.lib.oxy.edu/item/00279389062-ms/.
Arabic Firmans 163-300. Firmans, Treaties, Fatwahs and Deeds . 1197. Manuscript/Mixed Material. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, <www.loc.gov/item/00279389062-ms/>.


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After a 4-0 start to the season, the girls' basketball team will head to Phoenix, Az. tomorrow to play in the Nike Tournament which will continue through Dec. 23.
In its first official game of the season, the team beat El Camino 66-40. It then went on to play in the Mater Dei Tournament where it won all four games, placing first in the tournament. The Wolverines played their first game on Monday, Dec. 7 against Chaparral, winning 73-56. On Dec. 8, the girls played Mayfair, winning 84-44 and on the ninth they played Corona Santiago, winning 61-55. They ended up getting second place in the tournament losing only to Mater Dei.
"We were 3-1 and although we lost to Mater Dei, we never gave up at any point in that game, which I can say makes me very proud," Sydney Haydel '10 said.
"This year we are looking forward to defending our title and, hopefully, winning state," Nicole Hung '10 said.
Their first league game will be on Jan. 7 against Chaminade. However, before school starts in the fall, the team will play in the West Coast Holiday Classic.
"We can improve on offense, executing our half court offense, and rebounding," Hung said.
The team's last game will be on Feb. 11 against Flintridge Sacred Heart. It will play 10 league games in total, playing one home game and one away game against each of the team's five league opponents, Chaminade, Flintridge Sacred Heart, Louisville, Notre Dame, and Alemany.


Juniper trees and bushes are found throughout the world in the Northern Hemisphere.
Junipers are small evergreen trees or bushes that are members of the cypress family. Some species are also referred to as cedars. Approximately 30 species exist, all of which live in the Northern Hemisphere. This woody plant is widespread in northern Europe, Asia and Japan, Alaska, Canada and Greenland. In the United States, junipers can also be found in the mountainous regions of the Appalachians and in the western states of Utah, California, Arizona and New Mexico.
Characterized by columnar or conical shapes, all junipers are small with most reaching no more than 30 feet high. Some red cedar juniper specimens, however, can grow up to 90 feet. Junipers have short trunks with reddish-brown bark that cracks easily. Leaves are shaped like short needles and are gray-green or blue-green, growing in whorls of three on woody twigs. When crushed, the leaves often smell like lemons or apples. Unlike most trees, junipers are dioecious, meaning that individual plants produce either male or female flowers. Fruit is in the form of small green berries, which turn dark bluish purple when ripe. Each berry contains three to six seeds.
Tolerating a wide range of conditions and having the largest geographical range of any woody plant worldwide, juniper will tolerate both acid and alkaline soils. It grows best on deep, moist and well-drained alluvial sites. Species such as red cedar can often be found in glades, while species in the western United States may be found on rocky hillsides, prairies and abandoned farmland and occasionally in sandy or clay soils.
American Indian tribes used seeds from juniper cones as food. Tinctures made from steeping juniper leaves were remedies for vomiting, arthritis and persistent coughing. Indian women in labor drank juniper tea to speed delivery. Juniper was also used as a general tonic and a cure for colds, fevers, tonsillitis and pneumonia. In Europe, juniper was hung over doorways on the evening before May Day and prior to Halloween to ward off evil spirits and was widely considered to ward off witches and devils. Legends indicate that dreaming of gathering juniper berries in winter foretold of prosperity. Juniper berries given as a present signified great honor and rejoicing on the birth of a boy.
Juniper berries are most famous for flavoring gin and have also been recently used to flavor liquors and sauces. As an evergreen, juniper is a popular residential ornamental plant, used in shelterbelts and wildlife plantings. Its aromatic wood is used for furniture, paneling, fence posts and pencils.
Miles, Arlene. "Juniper Tree Facts." Home Guides | SF Gate, http://homeguides.sfgate.com/juniper-tree-40816.html. Accessed 21 April 2019.
When Does a Juniper Bloom?


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Rumour Mongering: Brendan Rodgers Sack Race Superstar
The silly rumours of Brendan Rodgers being sacked must go somewhere.
By CStars@chuckdozie Nov 17, 2014, 10:00pm GMT
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If whispers are to believed, Brendan Rodgers is a potential candidate for a mid-season sacking. These rumours do not have much credence, and while there are a number of increasingly dissatisfied members of the Liverpool fanbase, continued struggles for the remainder of the year would not make Liverpool's manager close to losing his job. Liverpool haven't done well and need to show some considerable improvement from this weekend forward to make some sort of credible challenge for a top four spot. It's a matter for players and staff members to ensure this happens as Liverpool fans wait in hope.
Those rumours then. Where on earth did they come from? If such ramblings are true, whom can we turn to in a time of crisis? The second question only requires a glance in the direction of the incumbent Liverpool manager. It is he who needs to make the right decisions for his side to rise. He has the nous, and his squad possesses the ability. The bastion of reliability and accuracy, The Metro, carried the story sourced from Tuttomercato. In fairness to the UK newspaper that's dispensed on weekdays for the supposed price of happiness, the claims of the original story were merely being relayed to a public hungry for cutting-edge and in-depth stories.
Liverpool's owners have started assessing whether to sack manager Brendan Rodgers following the Reds' poor start to the season. Italian website Tuttomercato leaked the news and they claim Fenway Sports are unhappy with the former Swansea chief and could dispose of him.
Also, Rodgers future "hangs in the balance" but fear not fragile fan, "no decision has been taken yet" when the likes of Crystal Palace await further sentencing. It's Neil Warnock, so even the mildest of trepidation wouldn't be a natural or acceptable reaction. In actual sacking news, Walter Mazzarri got sacked at Inter, and Roberto Mancini has returned to replace the former Napoli manager. Personally, that's a far more interesting story to follow and discuss voraciously.
It must be noted, however, that Brendan Rodgers is losing support and popularity. Some are frustrated with him and wonder where this season is heading. Liverpool have lost nearly half the number of games played in the Premier League to date and are fighting to remain in the Champions League in a somewhat kindly group. Many transfer signings haven't worked out as hoped, and performances do not offer Rodgers' staunchest supporters much to point to.
That Liverpool are still within reach of commonly accepted targets should be the greatest source of optimism, but improved results would be far more useful. Sack Rodgers? Instead, let's have an altogether more serious conversation and leave this for when things really become perilous.
Sakho Looking to Inspire Off the Pitch as Well as On
Rumour Mongering: Balotelli to Lille for Origi
Balotelli Expected Fit for Palace
Liverpool Willing to Pay "Premium" for Origi in January
The Week in Comments: "Diamonds are for never"
Digging Deeper Into Liverpool's 2-0 Semi-Final Win over Arsenal


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Q: Fit content within a div's height while using grid (max-content will not work) I want the height of my div's to expand according to the text content inside of it, but everything I have tried yields no results. I have looked at pretty much every similar post here on stack overflow and have not come up with any explanation as to why I can not achieve this. I have run into this issue before and could never come to a solution. It occurs when using grid, with a p tag inside of a div. I have tried max-content a couple of different ways (shown in the code below), but no matter how many elements I add it to nothing changes. Also using 100% combined with max-content has yielded no progress either.
Any alternative formatting that circumvents this problem in general, but still allows be to have a top border between my two p tags would also be appreciated.
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A: Try this
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
These are the Spain national football team all-time results:

Spain national football team head to head

Results

Key

1920–1939

57 matches played:

1940–1959

63 matches played:

1960–1979

119 matches played:

1980–1989

103 matches played:

1990–1999

98 matches played:

2000–2009

130 matches played:

2010–2019

133 matches played:

2020–present

39 matches played: (as of 6 December 2022)

Competitive record

FIFA World Cup
 Champions   Runners-up   Third place   Fourth place   Worst result

UEFA European Championship

*Denotes draws including knockout matches decided via penalty shoot-out.**Gold background colour indicates that the tournament was won.***Red border colour indicates that the tournament was held on home soil.FIFA Confederations Cup

Summer Olympics*Denotes draws including knockout matches decided via penalty shoot-out.**Since 1968, Spain has sent its under-23 national team.Venues in SpainUpdated to 30 March 2022See also
 Spain national football team head to head
 Spain national football team records

Notes

References

External links
Spain national results in chronological order, and head-to-head record against all countries – RSSSF
Spain national team matches from 1920 to 1999, with details – European Football
Todos los partidos (all the games) at Selección Española de Fútbol'' (official site)

Results

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Melanthera fauriei (formerly Lipochaeta fauriei),  known by the common name Olokele Canyon nehe, is a rare species of flowering plant in the aster family.

Distribution
The plant is endemic to Hawaii, where it is known only from the island of Kauai.

It grows in several types of forest on Kauai, and can be found in dry, moist, and wet habitat.

Description
Melanthera fauriei is sprawling perennial herb.

It produces daisylike yellow flower heads.

Conservation
Melanthera fauriei is federally listed as an endangered species of the United States. There are only ten populations remaining, with a total global population of no more than 240 plants.

The main threat to the species is the loss and degradation of its habitat caused by deer, goats, rats, wild boars, fires, landslides, and invasive plant species.

References

External links
USDA Plants Profile for Melanthera fauriei

fauriei
Endemic flora of Hawaii
Biota of Kauai


Hinton St George is a traditional South Somerset village perched on a hill overlooking the Fosse Way. The Festival is a key part of our vibrant cultural scene and is held biennially in the summer. Between festivals, other concerts are held in various venues in the village.
Our aim is simple and straightforward – to bring a diverse range of high quality, live musical performances to the village and to provide encouragement and opportunity to young musicians from Hinton and the surrounding area.
Tickets available in person from Our Shop Hinton St George, Dorothy's Tea Room, or bookable by phone or text on 07500 532543 or email hintonstgeorgefestival@gmail.com payable by cheque or bank transfer. Bookings from January 3rd 2017.


text:
Back to OPINION
Isolated Incidents #∞ - Protect and Survive (end of year thoughts on C*vid, belonging, Englishness and cycling)
by VecchioJo
Wed, Dec 30, 2020 10:36
I remember the last time we were all going to die... it's a bit like Groundhog Day of the Dead
My feelings of impeding doom are entirely different to the last time there was an apocalyptic global threat.
> Jo Burt: I don't know where I'm going
Being of a certain age I can vividly remember the Cold War and the constant dark menace of potential mutually assured destruction. There was the perpetual fear that someone would say the wrong thing, rattle the wrong sabre, somebody could just make a stupid mistake or there might be an 8-bit computer glitch the button would be pressed and we'd have four minutes to say some prayers, hug the cat, do whatever took a teenage me about that long to do or hide in the fridge. Looking back it feels over dramatic but I distinctly remember feeling there was the real chance I wasn't going to wake up in the morning and I wouldn't even see the blinding flash. I was in the midst of working towards summer exams and some days it didn't feel worth the bother to do any work at all. Or maybe it was a handy excuse to not do any more revising.
That tummy-aching sharp sicky fear from 'something over there overhead' from over 30 years ago has now been replaced by a worldwide menace that's a thick, heavy, invisible fog of suspicious worry that swirls around everything everywhere. It is, however, less of a threat if we behave like decent human beings and have more personal control over it; well, more control than putting a CND poster up ever did over a general with an itchy trigger finger. Ironically constructing an underground shelter would be a far more effective solution to surviving the current crisis than any nuclear war, even hiding under a den of old doors and mattresses with a few week's worth of food and water seems like a valuable endeavour now, indeed being holed up in the corner of a room for months has been the fate of many.
I am still thankfully largely unaffected by the pandemic. My mostly hermity lifestyle has finally paid dividends, but it's impossible not to feel the crushing impact of the reintroduction of the recent harsh restrictions on the population as a whole. Combined with the other shenanigans crowding the news space, there's no real temptation to emerge from the safe room and venture into the wider world; instead, there is the overwhelming desire to escape. Every opportunity has been taken to jump on the bike and ride away from everything whenever and to wherever is possible. It's a pressure release valve I've been relying on for years, but there is the nagging urge to extend that escape plan further; and it's not just with longer bike rides. I love where I live, it is much more than where my house is. It is my Home, it's where I belong, my connection to this place between the sea and hills is deep set and lifetime long... but I don't feel I belong here any more. I love England the country; but I've always found it convenient to distance myself from any English people en masse, be that at home or abroad, where I've felt the need to apologise and be embarrassed about where I'm from far too many times. I've always casually looked in estate agents' windows when away, and the casual late night internet browse of places in the mountains somewhere else is feeling a little more serious... and it's not just for the nicer roads, better weather and fine cycling. I know nowhere is perfect and places on holiday are different to the same places day-on-day, but I'm concentrating on an area that I've been to so many times I forget, has always felt like a second home and has an interesting heritage of being somewhere people go to quietly disappear in the folds.
> Isolated Incidents #7: Feeling Empty
Aside from the daydreaming, there is now just the basic 'getting through winter'. Even without all of everything else, this is always a tough time of year to negotiate; although I always hold back a sizeable chunk of reserve for February. The temptation to think things will brighten up after the triple whammy of hope that is Christmas, New Year and the turnaround after the shortest day is always strong; but the initial months of the new year can punch hard and low, so I never relax or get too optimistic till at least March, which itself can play a few unpleasant cards.
The usual winter coping mechanisms are in place; sneak out in the weather windows wherever possible, and face into the sun at every opportunity. While others are happy to get their riding fix indoors - understandably forgoing the cold and wet drudgery and endless tedious washing and cleaning involved with riding at this time of year, I have the need to 'Go Outside'. Cycling isn't about hours in the saddle and heart rate and stats for me, and I don't need to look at a screen for any longer than I need to. Feeling the wind on my face is a vitally important piece of the reason I ride a bike. If that wind stings a bit it's all the better; I rely on all that is tactile and visceral to keep me alive and happy, even if it's miserable for a bit. But it's harder than usual now ,because there isn't even the lure of treats in the future to look forward to and drag us through. While tentative plans have been made, they're only written down in pencil and not fat permanent pen. Whether they're going to happen is vague at best, but I'm good at clinging to possibilities. My heart seems to thrive on longing.
Just last week my postponed big ride goal of 2021, the TransContinental, released an adapted route after this years cancelled race. It's one that's been forced to bow considerably to whatever the will of the pandemic might be come the height of next summer. It's a completely revised and shortened route with added pandemic rules that keeps countries and border crossings to a minimum; a choice that's going to be welcomed by any British competitors too with their hard-fought-for freedom of movement. Ordinarily I'd be all fired up by this and pawing at maps, taking notes and making lists, but it seems so distant in both time and reality that I might wait until I'm allowed to ride further than my county boundary to get excited. Although, I should try to fit as much riding in as I can within those boundaries just in case.
As I've mentioned before, this whole thing has come relatively easy to me. I work from home, I'm happy to ride my bike on my own, and I am gregarious only in very short bursts. I don't need to go to the pub, and mooching round the shops is not something I confuse with something to do. The festive season has been far less of a bother than normal, with no cramped public space anxiety or enforced fun issues, but I did for a brief moment miss the cosy drinking of three pints with a few friends, and the fuzzy, contented pedal home. And a beer with crisps, I haven't had crisps in ages (I should get some crisps). I've also missed the motivation and stupidity of doing a cyclo-cross season, but I haven't missed the cost of it all: the entrance fees, the travel spend, the bits of tea and snacks you buy on the day, and the gradual replacement of parts. This all adds up over the weeks, and the casual tearing up of cash that dragging a bike through mud entails has been pleasing by its absence. In fact, the general draw on finances of being sociable on a bike ride has also been noted: the lack of meet-up coffees, halfway cake, and maybe a post-ride drink or two that we can't do now have all had a beneficial effect on my bank balance, so that's more money to spend on, ummm, when we're allowed out again.
While I may have a tinge of sorrow over missing the slide and parry of racing, there have been a few Sundays when I've been glad to been able to stay inside, and isolating isn't much of a problem. And while we're clinging to the positives, I've not had the usual annoying cold that traditionally snuffles me a bit sideways and cancels riding, plus more than one race weekend. Maybe face masks and more hand washing will become the habitual future for the winter months, and I was always right about interacting with people this time of year being a bad idea. Swings and roundabouts!
I go to sleep now knowing that at least I'll wake up in the morning; but that the day is going to be much the same as the last, with nowhere to go, which is a death of sorts...
Isolated incidents
VecchioJo
Jo Burt has spent the majority of his life riding bikes, drawing bikes and writing about bikes. When he's not scribbling pictures for the whole gamut of cycling media he writes words about them for road.cc and when he's not doing either of those he's pedaling. Then in whatever spare minutes there are in between he's agonizing over getting his socks, cycling cap and bar-tape to coordinate just so. And is quietly disappointed that yours don't He rides and races road bikes a bit, cyclo-cross bikes a lot and mountainbikes a fair bit too. Would rather be up a mountain.
VecchioJo - Isolated Incidents: What does it mean for cyclists to 'stay local'?
VecchioJo - No one cares how far you rode your bike: "Keep your distance"
roadcc staff - Matt Page's Rapha Festive 500 in a day: how he did it
VecchioJo - Isolated Incidents #∞ - Protect and Survive (end of year thoughts on C*vid, belonging, Englishness and cycling)
Simon_MacMichael - "There are no winners" says injured cyclist after driver convicted (+ video)
stevethomaspix - Tales of a 10-speed racer: how getting a Raleigh for Christmas changed my life
AlsoSomniloquism 1 sec ago
Re: New bike stands. I give it a week before the tools are cut off / pump tube damaged.
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ooo, some nice bikes there - 3T Strada, please....
in: 34 road, gravel and cyclocross bikes with 1X gearing
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What's the life span of these wheels as I went through a pair of Ksyrium's in a year a while back? How easy is it to get hold of spares now?
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Air pressure, atmospheric pressure, or barometric pressure, is the pressure exerted over a surface by the weight of an air mass (and its molecules) above it.
Air pressure is a difficult concept. How can something invisible have mass and weight? Air has mass because it is made up of a mixture of gases that have mass. Add up the weight of all these gases that compose dry air (oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and others) and you get the weight of dry air.
The molecular weight, or molar mass, of dry air is 28.97 grams per mole. While that isn't very much, a typical air mass is made up of an incredibly large number of air molecules. As such, you can begin to see how air can have considerable weight when the masses of all the molecules are added together.
So what's the connection between molecules and air pressure? If the number of air molecules above an area increases, there are more molecules to exert pressure on that area and its total atmospheric pressure increases. This is what we call high pressure. Likewise, if there are less air molecules above an area, the atmospheric pressure decreases. This is known as low pressure.
Air pressure isn't uniform across the Earth. It ranges from 980 to 1050 millibars and changes with altitude. The higher the altitude, the lower the air pressure. This is because the number of air molecules decreases at higher altitudes, thus decreasing air density and air pressure. Air pressure is highest at sea level, where air density is greatest.
It increases as air density increases and lowers as air density lowers.
It increases as temperatures increase and lowers as temperatures cool.
It increases at lower altitudes and decreases at higher altitudes.
A barometer is used to measure atmospheric pressure in units called atmospheres or milibars. The oldest type of barometer is the mercury barometer. This instrument measures mercury as it rises or lowers in the glass tube of the barometer. Since atmospheric pressure is basically the weight of air in the atmosphere above the reservoir, the level of mercury in the barometer will continue to change until the weight of mercury in the glass tube is exactly equal to the weight of air above the reservoir. Once the two have stopped moving and are balanced, the pressure is recorded by "reading" the value at the mercury's height in the vertical column.
If the weight of mercury is less than the atmospheric pressure, the mercury level in the glass tube will rise (high pressure). In areas of high pressure, air is sinking toward the surface of the earth more quickly than it can flow out to surrounding areas. Since the number of air molecules above the surface increases, there are more molecules to exert a force on that surface. With an increased weight of air above the reservoir, the mercury level rises to a higher level.
If the weight of mercury is greater than the atmospheric pressure, the mercury level will fall (low pressure). In areas of low pressure, air is rising away from the surface of the Earth more quickly than it can be replaced by air flowing in from surrounding areas. Since the number of air molecules above the area decreases, there are less molecules to exert a force on that surface. With a reduced weight of air above the reservoir, the mercury level drops to a lower level.
Other types of barometers include aneroid and digital barometers. Aneroid barometers do not contain mercury or any other liquid, but they have a sealed and air-tight metallic chamber. The chamber expands or contracts in response to pressure changes and a pointer on a dial is used to indicate pressure readings. Modern barometers are digital and are able to measure atmospheric pressure accurately and quickly. These electronic instruments display current atmospheric pressure readings across a display screen.
Atmospheric pressure is impacted by daytime heating from the sun. This heating does not occur evenly across the Earth as some areas are heated more than others. As air is warmed, it rises and can result in a low pressure system.
The pressure at the center of a low pressure system is lower than air in the surrounding area. Winds blow toward the area of low pressure causing air in the atmosphere to rise. Water vapor in the rising air condenses forming clouds and, in many cases, precipitation. Due to the Coriolis Effect, a result of the Earth's rotation, winds in a low pressure system circulate counter-clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere. Low pressure systems can produce unstable weather and storms such as cyclones, hurricanes, and typhoons. As a general rule of thumb, lows have a pressure of around 1000 millibars (29.54 inches of mercury). As of 2016, the lowest pressure ever recorded on Earth was 870 mb (25.69 inHg) in the eye of Typhoon Tip over the Pacific Ocean on October 12, 1979.
In high pressure systems, air at the center of the system is at a higher pressure than air in the surrounding area. Air in this system sinks and blows away from the high pressure. This descending air reduces water vapor and cloud formation resulting in light winds and stable weather. Air flow in a high pressure system is opposite that of a low pressure system. Air circulates clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and counter-clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere.
Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Atmospheric Pressure." Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 5 Mar. 2018, www.britannica.com/science/atmospheric-pressure.
National Geographic Society. "Barometer." National Geographic Society, 9 Oct. 2012, www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/barometer/.
"The Highs and Lows of Air Pressure." Winter Weather Safety | UCAR Center for Science Education, scied.ucar.edu/shortcontent/highs-and-lows-air-pressure.


1. Time for Reflection: Fr Willy Slavin, St Peter's and St Simon's parishes, Glasgow led Time for Reflection.
Groups 1 to 6: 15 minutes.
4. Edinburgh Employment Services Face Funding Cut: The Parliament debated S3M-7806 in the name of Sarah Boyack—That the Parliament notes with surprise and concern the unexpected decision by the Minister for Housing and Communities to cut support for highly-regarded specialist programmes, valued this year at £2.238 million, to the Capital City Partnership; understands that this support assists 3,500 unemployed people per year; notes that this cut will hit what it sees as the most disadvantaged communities in the city, including unemployed school-leavers and priority groups such as people recovering from addiction and homeless people; notes also that it will impact on the Joined Up For Jobs strategy, which, it considers, has a strong record of partner agencies working together for maximum effectiveness; believes that Edinburgh is the only city in Scotland to have suffered such a cut and that there is no justification for singling out one city for this unfair treatment; would welcome, particularly at a time of recession, responsive local services for the unemployed being sustained, and believes that this funding should continue.
5. Ministerial Statement: The Minister for Skills and Lifelong Learning (Angela Constance) made a statement and answered questions on the Scottish Government's Response to Teaching Scotland's Future.
6. Report on Preventative Spending: Andrew Welsh, on behalf of the Finance Committee, moved S3M-7994—That the Parliament notes the conclusions and recommendations contained in the Finance Committee's 1st Report, 2011 (Session 3): Report on preventative spending (SP Paper 555).
7. Financial Resolutions and Scrutiny of Revised Financial Memoranda: Gil Paterson, on behalf of the Standards, Procedures and Public Appointments Committee, moved S3M-8080—That the Parliament notes the Standards, Procedures and Public Appointments Committee's 1st Report 2011 (Session 3), Financial Resolutions and scrutiny of revised Financial Memoranda (SP Paper 565), and agrees that the changes to Standing Orders set out in Annexe A to the report be made with effect from 1 April 2011.
8. Scrutiny of SPCB Supported Bodies: Gil Paterson, on behalf of the Standards, Procedures and Public Appointments Committee, moved S3M-8081—That the Parliament notes the Standards, Procedures and Public Appointments Committee's 2nd Report 2011 (Session 3), Scrutiny of SPCB supported bodies (SP Paper 566), and agrees that the changes to Standing Orders set out in Annexe A to the report be made with effect from 1 April 2011.
10. Reservoirs (Scotland) Bill - Stage 3: The Bill was considered at Stage 3.
The following amendments were agreed to (without division): 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20.
11. Reservoirs (Scotland) Bill - Stage 3: The Cabinet Secretary for Rural Affairs and the Environment (Richard Lochhead) moved S3M-8110—That the Parliament agrees that the Reservoirs (Scotland) Bill be passed.
12. Health and Social Care Bill - UK Legislation: The Cabinet Secretary for Health and Wellbeing (Nicola Sturgeon) moved S3M-8063—That the Parliament agrees that the relevant provisions of the Health and Social Care Bill, introduced in the House of Commons on 19 January 2011, in respect of the establishment of the NHS Commissioning Board and GP commissioning consortia, abolition of the Health Protection Agency, duty of co-operation in relation to health protection functions, amendment of the Mental Health Act 1983, the Health and Social Care Information Centre, regulation of healthcare professions and health and social care workers, the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence and National Health Service/Health and Social Services contracts, so far as these matters fall within the legislative competence of the Parliament, or alter the executive competence of the Scottish Ministers, should be considered by the UK Parliament.
(c) that, for the purposes of General Question Time on Tuesday 22 March 2011, members should (i) submit their names for selection by no later than 12.00 pm on Thursday 10 March 2011 and (ii) lodge their questions by no later than 12.00 pm on Tuesday 15 March 2011.
14. Referral of SSI: Bruce Crawford, on behalf of the Parliamentary Bureau, moved S3M-8117—That the Parliament agrees that the Local Government Finance (Scotland) Amendment Order 2011 be considered by the Parliament.
S3M-8091—That the Parliament agrees that the Antisocial Behaviour Notices (Houses Used for Holiday Purposes) (Scotland) Order 2011 (SSI 2011/draft) be approved.
S3M-8092—That the Parliament agrees that the Budget (Scotland) Act 2010 Amendment Order 2011 (SSI 2011/draft) be approved.
S3M-8093—That the Parliament agrees that the Community Care (Personal Care and Nursing Care) (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2011 (SSI 2011/draft) be approved.
S3M-8094—That the Parliament agrees that the Energy Act 2008 (Storage of Carbon Dioxide) (Scotland) Regulations 2011 (SSI 2011/draft) be approved.
S3M-8095—That the Parliament agrees that the Housing Support Grant (Scotland) Order 2011 (SSI 2011/draft) be approved.
S3M-8096—That the Parliament agrees that the Interpretation and Legislative Reform (Scotland) Act 2010 (Consequential Provisions) Order 2011 (SSI 2011/draft) be approved.
S3M-8097—That the Parliament agrees that the Marine (Scotland) Act 2010 (Transitional and Consequential Provisions) Order 2011 (SSI 2011/draft) be approved.
S3M-8098—That the Parliament agrees that the Marine Licensing (Exempted Activities) (Scottish Inshore Region) Order 2011 (SSI 2011/draft) be approved.
S3M-8099—That the Parliament agrees that the Marine Licensing Appeals (Scotland) Regulations 2011 (SSI 2011/draft) be approved.
S3M-8100—That the Parliament agrees that the Public Services Reform (General Teaching Council for Scotland) Order 2011 (SSI 2011/draft) be approved.
S3M-8101—That the Parliament agrees that the Public Services Reform (Scotland) Act 2010 (Consequential Modifications) Order 2011 (SSI 2011/draft) be approved.
S3M-8102—That the Parliament agrees that the Radioactive Substances Act 1993 Amendment (Scotland) Regulations 2011 (SSI 2011/draft) be approved.
S3M-8103—That the Parliament agrees that the Renewables Obligation (Scotland) Amendment Order 2011 (SSI 2011/draft) be approved.
S3M-8104—That the Parliament agrees that the Social Care and Social Work Improvement Scotland (Requirements for Care Services) Regulations 2011 (SSI 2011/draft) be approved.
S3M-8105—That the Parliament agrees that the Scottish Statutory Instruments Regulations 2011 (SSI 2011/draft) be approved.
S3M-8106—That the Parliament agrees that the Waste (Scotland) Regulations 2011 (SSI 2011/draft) be approved.
S3M-8107—That the Parliament agrees that the Waste Management Licensing (Scotland) Regulations 2011 (SSI 2011/draft) be approved.
S3M-8108—That the Parliament agrees that the Water Environment (Controlled Activities) (Scotland) Regulations 2011 (SSI 2011/draft) be approved.
16. Decision Time: The Parliament took decisions on items 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 14 and 15 as noted above.
The meeting closed at 6.18 pm.


text:
Special Feature: Promoting a Holistic Approach
By Chloé Gronow / 05 Sep 2018
Practitioners outline how they communicate the benefits of offering a multi-treatment approach to patients.
How many times has a patient attended your clinic for a consultation and said 'I want 0.5ml of lip filler please' or 'Can I have two areas of Botox done?'. While it may seem like these direct demands will save you a consultation and make you a 'quick buck', most aesthetic professionals will recognise that this isn't an ethical or profitable route to take. Conducting a thorough and detailed assessment of the patient's concerns and educating them on the most appropriate treatment plan, while allowing them time to reflect on your advice, is widely regarded as the gold standard approach to an enquiry and consultation within the specialty.
Often, a practitioner's assessment will result in the recommendation of a multi-treatment approach, involving a number of modalities such as injectables, skincare and energy-based procedures. But, communicating this to patients can be difficult; especially if they're convinced that all they need to do to be the next Kylie Jenner is have half a millilitre of lip filler. So how do you get through to patients? And how do you turn them into loyal, returning customers?
Aesthetics speaks to three leading practitioners and a marketing specialist for their recommendations.
Why is a multi-treatment approach necessary?
Aesthetic practitioner and dental surgeon Professor Bob Khanna, who has been practising for 22 years, explains, "You've got to look at a multi-treatment approach because the very nature of the ageing process involves not just one particular tissue – it involves everything including skin, fat, muscle and bone." He emphasises that a healthy treatment protocol should comprise toxins, fillers and some form of regenerative treatment such as platelet-rich plasma, chemical peels or lasers, explaining, "If done properly, these treatments can be very effective. There's no question about it, combination therapies are the way forward and always have been."
Consultant plastic surgeon Mr Taimur Shoaib agrees, suggesting that practitioners should reflect on their methods of care in the NHS and adapt this to their aesthetic clinic. "We learn this multidisciplinary approach from the NHS where we often treat people requiring many different specialists, caring for them, for one successful outcome. We should be aiming towards this in our aesthetic practices as well," he says.
Charlotte Moreso, managing director of True Grace PR, acknowledges that while necessary from a clinical standpoint, providing a number of different treatments for one overall result also opens the door to multiple marketing opportunities. She explains that combining procedures can bring a 'newness to treatment offerings' without having to invest in new products or technology.
How can practitioners best market this approach?
Before a potential patient picks up the phone or fills in a booking enquiry for a clinic, there is work to be done to convince them that a holistic approach to aesthetic treatment will offer better results than a single procedure. Moreso acknowledges that even though this may seem like a harder sell in terms of appearing to be more costly to patients, it doesn't have to be when marketed correctly.
When promoting more straightforward combinations of treatments, for example offering a body contouring procedure alongside cellulite treatment, she advises that practitioners can create a brand for their protocol, which will allow patients to see it as a single treatment rather than multiple individual procedures. Having done this for clients previously, Moreso says she found that practitioners often have multiple products or devices that they use on their own, but could be easily packaged together. "They could be used at the same time or one treatment following the other, generating efficacious results; far better than one single device would bring," she explains. Creating a brand name that consumers will understand and relate to, will also be beneficial says Moreso. The 'Trio Tech Treatment' is one example she shares, which was created for the Triniti Plus device.
She explains that it combines the power of three technologies – laser, bi-polar radiofrequency and infrared light – to treat three key signs of ageing. "The treatments are usually used in seclusion for anti-ageing results, however this particular protocol harnesses all three in one," she says. When detailing to patients what the multi-treatment will involve, Moreso advises that practitioners keep their marketing copy simple, explaining, "Short, clear and understandable bullet points on who the treatment is suitable for and what results can be expected is critical. Marketing goes wrong when too much tech-talk is included and when there is too much copy to read. Provide the treatment in a nutshell and explain the rest in the consultation."
While this should work well for these more straightforward holistic protocols, the practitioners point out that the necessity for a more indepth multi-treatment approach, decided upon at consultation, will be harder to communicate to the mass market. Professor Khanna says, "In my consultation, even though a patient may just want to have their lips done, I need to look at their whole face to assess the alignment of their nose, chin and forehead. By default, multiple combination approaches will be discussed."
Moreso advises that similar marketing methods would apply, noting, "Consumers like to see proof before parting with any amount of money, so it is essential to show patients strong before and after case study results and a clearly written testimonial when promoting your holistic treatments." She says that in these cases, practitioners should focus their messaging on how the patient was assessed, why the particular procedures were chosen, and how they benefitted the patient, emphasising how the approach was tailored to the patient's needs and how they will be tailored for all future patients' requirements.
Including examples from different types of patients in your marketing, for example a young woman in her twenties and a post-menopausal woman, is also important as it will ensure you appeal to a wider demographic, says Moreso.
Aesthetic nurse prescriber Jacqueline Naeini acknowledges that case studies are something she has adopted in her marketing strategy. "Promotional videos help too," she says, explaining that with full patient consent, she shares films of treatments taking place, with voice-over explanation of why she is combining various methods, and testimonials on her clinic's social media platforms, as well as on its website.
When using social media, Moreso recommends that posts should be picture-led to instantly grab attention. "Use keywords as hashtags so you attract people searching for posts relating to those words or phrases and keep posts regular and updated with new information, testimonials or case studies," she advises, reminding practitioners to keep descriptions short and snappy, with links that click-through to other pages with more in-depth treatment information on your website.
How should practitioners discuss holistic treatment in consultations?
When your marketing efforts begin to generate consultation bookings, the next step is to evaluate how you 'sell' the combination of multiple treatments in these appointments. And, for the practitioners interviewed, they all agree that the word 'sell' should be immediately struck from clinicians' vernacular.
Professor Khanna says, "I don't look at this as selling and I don't go in with the mindset that I'm selling because I think that's fundamentally flawed. If you go in there thinking you're selling oranges, a car, a handbag or shoes, you've got one thing in mind and that is to close the deal and make money. As far as I'm concerned, as clinicians, we have to make it very clear what our objective is. For me, the objective is not to try and get as much money out of this patient as quickly as possible, it is to build a relationship based on trust. That trust has to be worked on very carefully and is a two-way process."
Mr Shoaib adds that he believes aesthetics should never be looked at as a commercial industry, rather that it should be treated in the same way as any medical profession. He adds that clear engagement with the patient during consultation is standard in order to offer the highest quality service that puts the patients' interests and safety first.
To this end, Professor Khanna explains that, for him, a consultation involves a co-diagnostic approach. He says that he offers patients an educational experience in a language they can understand and shares case studies of successful holistic treatments he has performed before. "I don't use scientific terminology which is just going to bamboozle them," he says, explaining, "My heart is in the right place; if a patient doesn't go with the treatment plan I recommend then I won't take it personally; I know I've educated them and done the right thing. If I don't allow that time to educate them on the benefits of holistic treatment, if I don't go through all the most suitable options, then I've not had a meaningful consultation experience with my patient – I've just rushed into treatments because I've been lured by pound signs."
In terms of phrasing recommendations to patients, Mr Shoaib says it's important to ensure practitioners don't bluntly try to upsell. "Don't say something like, 'You're here for botulinum toxin, but I've noticed your damaged skin'," he says. Instead Mr Shoaib advises to ask patients to look into a mirror and point out their concerns. From this, a more natural conversation will develop, so that practitioners can make their recommendations based on the concerns noted. He will also acknowledge when patients discuss other people's looks and what makes that person attractive. He says it's important to make clear that aesthetic treatment cannot make patients look like the person, but practitioners can identify features that they desire, which can be emulated; for example good skin tone or a more defined jawline. "You can then prescribe a specific, tailored treatment that will naturally involve a combination approach," he says.
And for those patients who come in demanding one particular treatment, Professor Khanna says, "You should never let a patient dictate a treatment plan to you. That's always going to be a problem. I get patients who will come in and say 'I want half a millilitre of filler in my lips'. When this happens, I think to myself, I don't know if that's the most appropriate treatment for them, so I'm not going to do it. Remember to ask yourself, who is the clinical expert here? If they've trusted you with a consultation then they should continue to do so."
Professor Khanna emphasises, "As clinicians, we have to differentiate ourselves from a car or a shoe salesperson because this is about the long term. Justify your reasons for your holistic approach; show the patient lots of case examples, go through the treatment plan and explain exactly how it will benefit them."
How can practitioners train staff to adopt the same approach?
Building your skills in promoting holistic treatments is one challenge, but training your staff to do the same is another. Mr Shoaib explains that he often invites his staff into consultations with patients, firstly so they can learn new skills from each other and secondly, to demonstrate someone else's expertise to the patient. "All of my team have varying skills – some have a greater degree of expertise in certain areas than I do – for example skincare treatments – so we will do a joint consultation," he says, adding, "I think a team-based approach is important for holistic results. Patients can see how you're working together to create the best solution for their concerns."
When training staff on how to approach consultations with patients who simply demand particular treatments, Professor Khanna shares the analogy he uses on his training courses to build practitioners' confidence in saying no. He says, "Pretend you're flying a plane – you're in control of every aspect of the flight and are responsible for taking off, landing and the safety of your passengers. If a passenger gets up and says 'let me have a go' and you allow them, you're letting that passenger take control of something that is extremely complex, something they really shouldn't be in control of without the qualifications and training you have. Don't let anyone else get in that seat – you are the pilot and you are in charge of the wellbeing of your passengers. Just like you are the clinicians and you are in charge of the wellbeing of your patients."
Skincare is, of course, a major part of a practitioner's recommended protocol for any treatment when looking at patients' concerns holistically, but relaying its benefits to a patient, when additional cost is required, can be challenging. Naeini explains that she promotes her skincare ranges as part of her overall holistic approach by offering samples to patients. However, she notes, that none of her staff are authorised to hand out these samples without thorough training on their use. "No staff member is allowed to hand out samples unless they can explain how they work and offer best practice advice alongside them. They could do more damage than good if they offer the wrong advice, so education is key," she says, while adding that within the first month of offering samples in her clinic, skincare sales increased by 35%. After initial training, to further improve her staff members' knowledge of both the skincare and treatments on offer in her clinic and how they should be used in combination, Naeini invites all staff to sit in on training courses that she runs alongside her clinic. "I also give my team free skincare to enable them to promote products from their own experience – this adds a personal touch and has been very successful," she adds.
The practitioners agree that when staff are feeling more confident in their expertise, it will automatically become easier to promote alternative treatment approaches. They note that highlighting your team members' strengths, and encouraging them to share their opinions on best treatment methods, will go a long way in improving their consultation skills.
How best can practitioners discuss pricing with patients?
The practitioners interviewed highlight that the price of aesthetic procedures can have a large influence on patients' decisions to undergo treatment at a clinic. And when clinicians are recommending multiple treatments, it can immediately raise the question, 'But how much will it cost?'. So how do you approach discussing prices with patients?
Professor Khanna says, "I don't talk money until I've educated the patient. If I tell a patient that they need something and then give a price, without explaining it, they're not going to understand the value of the treatment." He explains that he will go through all the treatment benefits, how it works and any side effects/contraindications, before discussing cost. He then gives the patient an itemised list with all the treatments he's proposed so it's clear what they're going to be paying for. "I give them a chance to absorb my recommendations and always allow time for them to go home and think about treatment, before coming in for a second consultation where we can address any concerns they may have," he says.
"If a patient doesn't go with the treatment plan I recommend then I won't take it personally; I know I've educated them and done the right thing" Professor Bob Khanna
Reflecting on whether a patient then decides to go ahead with his treatment protocol, Professor Khanna says, "All you need to do is allow the patient to discover whether or not the treatment is appropriate for them and if they can afford it just now. They may not be able to immediately, but they might be able to in the future. If they understand that it's the most suitable treatment plan for them, they will save up."
Mr Shoaib's approach is slightly different. He says he purposefully does not know what each of his treatments cost – both surgical and non-surgical. All pricing is discussed with an in-house treatment coordinator, so his consultation is exclusively focused on the medical aspects of treatment. Mr Shoaib says this works well for him and believes this approach indicates to the patient that his goal is solely to offer them the most suitable treatment for them. And for those who want to proceed with some of a practitioner's recommendations, but not the full protocol, Mr Shoaib says there are a few options in his clinic. "They can pay for it after they have had the treatment, they can pay into their account with us and go ahead with treatment once there's enough money in the account, or we can change the treatment plan," he explains, adding, "If a patient wishes to discuss a different treatment plan to the one I have recommended to give them the results they are hoping to achieve, then they need to have a further consultation with me. The consultation should always be directed towards the result the patient is hoping for, and the treatment plan should reflect the journey a practitioner has made to take the patient from their examination findings to their end goal. Inevitably, if a patient has a half-hearted treatment they remain disappointed and eventually the treatment plan will actually cost them more in the long run."
Professor Khanna concludes his views on treatment pricing, saying, "At the end of the day, I don't care what a patient's bank balance is, the treatment plan is the treatment plan. It's not going to change because they've suddenly got loads of money. Don't let the cost of treatment or your patients' net worth dictate your treatment plans."
What are the key things practitioners should remember when promoting holistic treatments?
"Don't become a technician and just do whatever the patient asks for," says Mr Shoaib. Professor Khanna echoes this sentiment, saying, "Educate the patient to what is most appropriate for them." Naeini adds, "Give them the information they need and don't let them feel forced to go ahead with treatment."
"A team-based approach is important for holistic results. Patients can see how you're working together to create the best solution for their concerns" Mr Taimur Shoaib
Of course, there will be times when patients' requests align to a practitioner's recommendations or come close. Mr Shoaib emphasises that as long as he knows he has communicated his recommendations effectively, he doesn't mind offering single procedures on appropriate patients. He notes that it is important they understand the expected results and how they could be enhanced.
And for those who you consult that don't convert to patients, Professor Khanna's advice is to reflect on it in a positive light. "If they don't go through with the protocol you have recommended, that means it wasn't for them in the first place. So actually, for me, that's a win-win. It means the patient hasn't gone away thinking they've had a treatment that's not appropriate for them and I've not inherited a patient that's just going to be unhappy. I want happy patients who value my approach, treatments and consultation."
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