Poor Prognosis for Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD)?
On May 5, 2004, a front-page story in newspapers around the U.S. reported the production of babies to provide bone marrow or umbilical cord blood for their sick siblings. The reproduction process involved producing many embryos through in vitro fertilization (IVF), testing them for how well they genetically matched their siblings, throwing away the majority who did not match well, and only implanting some of those who remained. The testing technique used in such procedures is called preimplantation genetic diagnosis, or PGD.
Helping sick children is wonderful and should be a high priority. We ache with their parents and are motivated to do all that we can to help. But once we suggest that accomplishing something good can be pursued using any means necessary, we have crossed an ethical line.
Many people are deeply disturbed by PGD. They recognize that beginning new human lives at the embryonic state, testing them to see how useful they will be, and throwing away those who don't measure up is demeaning—and not just to those who are sacrificed. Those who survive are demeaned as well since they are allowed to live only because they are sufficiently useful to someone else.
Some of the worst medical atrocities to date have been rationalized with the notion that there is something wonderful to achieve and no other way to achieve it (not just the atrocities of Nazi medicine, but also such ethical violations as documented in Henry Beecher's landmark expose in the New England Journal of Medicine [vol. 274, pp. 1354-60]). We need to be careful lest misguided compassion move us to pursue a quick fix that will foster a way of thinking that will harm a much larger number in the long run.
1) Some claim that the process avoids the need to abort children later who are not well-matched to their siblings. But, killing developing human beings earlier as opposed to later is no improvement--either way the same human beings die because they don't measure up.
2) Others claim that various risks of the procedure to the child can be mitigated. They argue that unknown risks to healthy embryos from the genetic testing procedure, and the pressure on children born through this PGD process to donate bone marrow irrespective of their will can be addressed through monitoring and counseling. These are indeed two serious concerns, but the jury is still out on whether the proposed solutions will resolve the issues sufficiently. In the meantime, allowing PGD to go forward constitutes experimentation on children that many find unacceptable. Even if we can resolve these two concerns, other key ethical problems remain.
3) Still others claim that "the public" "supports" the process. Such language seems to suggest virtual unanimity. However, the opinion poll cited in May news reports actually shows the U.S. public divided, with only 60% in favor of the procedure. Furthermore, some countries such as Germany and Italy ban the practice entirely. Regardless, 60% support does not make a process right. If it did, then ethics is nothing more than a determination by the majority's opinion without respect for fundamental truths and rights.
Using PGD as a method of weeding out undesirable offspring is unethical by its very nature. "Savior babies" are just the latest (and perhaps clearest) example of how utilitarian thinking can be demeaning to human beings. Whatever the variation, the basic approach of PGD involves producing many more human beings than are wanted, selecting those deemed best, and discarding the rest.
Most often, the goal is to avoid passing on a genetic disease, though PGD is sometimes used for gender selection or selecting children with other traits as well. Using PGD to avoid having a "diseased baby" is a classic example of identifying a serious human problem and rushing to address it with the most easily accessible method available rather than with a truly ethical technology. Identifying serious problems such as genetic diseases is praiseworthy, and being strongly motivated to avoid them is even more laudable. However, allowing human beings to live only if they "measure up" genetically represents a profound shift in what it means to be a human being. It suggests that some human beings do not have enough value to justify their existence.
Children produced through this technology are received into the world—into a family—only because they do not have some unwanted problem. Their lives would have been terminated if they didn't measure up to being "normal." The demise of unconditional acceptance and love that usually exists when a parent has a child, whether they are healthy or not, does not bode well for the inevitable situations when other unwanted problems arise in a child's life.
It also doesn't bode well for those in our communities who are disabled. After all, if my child wasn't worth saving because of health or disability, why should we tolerate others who intentionally allow a disabled child to be born? Why should we pay for the care necessary to ensure they have as good of a life as they possibly can?
Embryos are entire beings, not merely cells, and human embryos are, accordingly, human beings. Does every innocent human being have a God-given dignity that warrants respect and protection? Selective PGD says no.
But many people disagree. Some argue that on the scientific basis of genetics, embryos are protectable because they are beings with a full human genetic code. Others would similarly protect human embryos on the biblical basis (Genesis 1) that the image of God is present in living beings who are human as opposed to animal, etc. Still others would protect embryonic humans simply because their status is debatable and uncertain. Just as we take special precautions not to engage in behavior that might harm human beings, they observe, so we should not engage in behavior harmful to those who might be human beings.
Every dollar spent on PGD to identify which embryonic human beings to discard—rather than on developing ethical ways of preventing and curing genetic diseases—is a shame. Compassion for sick children and their families demands a better approach.
Can PGD play any ethical role in a better approach? If so, it would have to involve using it for the good of those tested, rather than employing it to their detriment.
For example, if the purpose is to identify genetic problems in order to prepare for any special supports that will be needed later, then the intention is admirable. However, it is better to avoid the ethical problems associated with producing embryos in the lab, especially if the mother can become pregnant without the use of assisted reproductive technologies. In any case, if future support is the intention, then diagnostic tests other than PGD can be done during the pregnancy to identify genetic problems (although the risks of any diagnostic test must be sufficiently known and limited in order to justify using it to obtain the desired information).
Similarly, if the purpose is to use genetic therapy to correct problems identified through PGD, then the intention is also admirable. But, genetic therapy to correct problems is so undeveloped at the moment that PGD can do little to assist it. Even with developments in genetic therapy, PGD would not be necessary if the therapy can take place later than the embryonic stage, or before conception (with the benefit that the genetic error is corrected in all cells of the body).
Thus the use of PGD would be ethical in a situation where the use of assisted reproduction technologies is necessary and a genetic therapy is available that must be done at the embryonic stage. But such is never the case today—and some say it may never be.
Then preimplantation genetic diagnosis appears to have a poor prognosis indeed.


What are five-star quality ratings for nursing homes?
You are likely to come across five-star quality ratings while doing research to find the best skilled nursing facility or rehabilitation care option for you or your family. It's what the government uses for its Nursing Home Compare tool. This printable and downloadable guide explains how five-star ratings are determined by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (or CMS) and can help you compare nursing homes in your search for safe and high quality long term care.


text:
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Chapter 9-12
Way of the Warrior Kid
Marc's Mission - Chapters 1-4 Summary & Analysis
This Study Guide consists of approximately 44 pages of chapter summaries, quotes, character analysis, themes, and more - everything you need to sharpen your knowledge of Marc's Mission.
The novel opens with Marc's Warrior Code. This is a personal list he created to guide him in everyday life. The list includes promises to get up early, work hard, treat others with respect, learn, help, be humble, and be neat. The final point on the list is that "I am the Warrior Kid" (Location 40).
Chapter 1 is titled "The Pumpkin and the Principal." Marc is outside the principal's office and reveals the events that led up to this point. Nathan is a boy in his class and Nathan taunts the other kids by calling them names. He calls Marc Plate Face. Marc says Nathan makes the taunts in a way that could be considered a joke so the others would be tattletales if they told the teacher. On the last day of school, Nathan and Marc were cleaning the art area when Nathan...
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


There are quite a number of things that you have to know with regards to commercial roofing services such as the fact that this is a kind of industry that is very lucrative, highly profitable and very competitive as well. Due to the fact that the money at stake here is very high, only those who are able to provide the best possible service can survive. Yes, it is true that everything has already been placed in clauses that are legally binding and in contracts as well, there are still lots of negotiations going on, particularly on what is covered and what is not as there are service providers who want to make the most profit from their clients.
When you happen to be a business owner who is in dire need for the service of a commercial roofing contractor, one thing that we want you to do is to know better the roofing contractor you will hire in order for you to ensure that you are getting the best value out of your investment. As much as possible, you have to stay on guard as this is the only way for you to avoid being scammed.
Prior to you learning anything further on, there is one very important thing that you have to know of and that is the fact that there is no free maintenance roofing. The amount you have paid for the commercial roofing contractor will not matter or even the things that have been said in the roofing sales page, regardless of whether it is strong or durable or whether it has high resistance to impact or fire or if it is made out of quality materials, since all roof will still need to be maintained. Regardless of the fact that the roof of your company is being laid by a reputable commercial roofing contractor that has the highest amount of experience and skills in the said field, after a decent period of time, your roof will still need to be replaced.
We can say that the best strategy that commercial establishments can apply for this is to regularly maintain their company so that any potential problems will be prevented from arising. To make this a possibility, there is a need for you to hire the service of a reputable and trustworthy commercial roofing contractor that is very clear and every transparent with the service they are offering, not to mention every skilled and knowledgeable with regards to their field as well. Since you are investing your money on the service the will render you, might as well do your best in determining whether or not they can be trusted and whether or not they can give you your money's worth. To help you in getting to know them better, make sure that you are getting some testimonials and references from their past clients who were satisfied from the quality of service they rendered in the past as doing so will help you come out with the right choice.


Each unit will comprise of floor to ceiling windows (double glazed), OGGIE timber flooring and well placed air-conditioning to enhance the quality of these living spaces. For a sophisticated edge, kitchens will be finished with MIELE appliances and bathrooms will be complete with Hans Grohe brassware. Begin your new adventure in the beautiful Old Cape Quarter, for Old Town luxury living.


This is a simple mechanical pedometer that started my want to track my steps. Because the counters are completely mechanical and it sits on the hip (best place to track walking motion) making step counter very accurate. Unfortunately, I find the pedometer to be large and uncomfortable. And since I carry my cell phone in my jeans everywhere I go, I wanted to find an accurate and battery smart android pedometer app. The upside to having an app is advanced history storage. The mechanical pedometer only stores up to 7 days worth of steps, and cannot be easily shared.
This free android app is the only one (I tested) that claims to be hardware-based steps. Some of the newer android phones support a feature where instead of using accelerometer sensor. Note that this feature is not available on all androids, but the most recent android phones can utilize this feature. I did not like their overall interface, as I find it difficult to pull up step history. Additionally, during my two week test period, this app did crash once and did not track any of my data. The only way I found to "restart" the app is to reboot the phone. The app did have a widget, which for a pedometer app I think is a must for a pedometer android app. There are many settings including stride and weight (it does track weight history, though you have manually enter it). It is able to sync with MyFitnessPal, though I did not use this feature.
This is another free android app, and the first one that I tried. Unlike the first app, this has a very basic interface, but the upside is improved simplicity and easy to track history. I could not determine if this app uses hardware-based step counter, but it was easy to use. During my testing, it did crash one time, but halfway through the day began tracking steps again. It does have a android widget. The step counter seems unreliable, and I often time found my step counter to be substantially higher in the morning than actually walked.
This free android app is the one that was recommended by my iPhone friend. Likely a port, this one was the only android app I tested that did not have a widget. This was a deal breaker for me. The only upside to this app is it tracks (via GPS) your location for where you walk and displays it back for you when you load the app. The downside to using GPS is it does use more more battery. However, the biggest downfall to using this app is the step count takes time to "catch-up". When the Moves app first loads, it shows with zero steps, but over then next minute, the steps began to roll in, also showing the GPS locations. The history is easy to pull up, and gives a daily notification of your previous day's step count. You can sync the app up to your Google account for it to sync data to your account. The fact that it lacked a widget and displayed delayed stats was a deal breaker.
This app is my favorite one (despite the confusing name that has nothing to do with walking). Fortunately, this free android app is the most refined. The step counter widget is accurate and updates in real time. The main app's interface shows your distance walked (by day, week, month, year) in chart form. The are many setting options that can be tweaked including step distance, ability to connect to myFitnessPal, sensitivity modes, and the ability to automatically pause when charging toggle. It is also the only app that has ads prominently displayed in the main app.
Of the 4 apps, Accupedo is my favorite option. My second favorite option is Noom, followed by Pacer in third, and last option by Moves. Accupedo has not only been the most stable, but also provides me with the most information. I carry it with me in all my sport outings and it tracks my activities. Even though their widget has a big ad, it also provides the best features. A recommendation I would recommend to all apps is the ability to add a widget to lockscreen. But, until smart watches and FitBit like devices become more popular, my Moto X will replace my mechanical pedometer to track my steps.


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In dieser Liste werden Orten im deutschen Sprachraum (Städte, Flüsse, Inseln etc.) die Bezeichnungen gegenübergestellt, die im Rumänischen üblich sind. Gemeint sind hierbei Orte, die aktuell oder historisch in Deutschland, Österreich oder der Schweiz liegen.

A
Alpi: Alpen
Alpii Calcaroși: Kalkalpen
Al Treilea Reich: Drittes Reich
Alsacia: Elsass
Alsacia-Lorena: Elsaß-Lothringen
Appenzell Extern: Appenzell Ausserrhoden
Appenzell Intern: Appenzell Innerrhoden
Argovia: Aargau
Austria: Österreich
Austria Inferioară: Niederösterreich
Austria Superioară: Oberösterreich
Austro-Ungaria: Österreich-Ungarn

B
Badenia: Baden
Badenia-Württemberg: Baden-Württemberg
Bavaria: Bayern
Bavaria Inferioară: Niederbayern
Bavaria Superioară: Oberbayern
Basel-Provincie: Basel-Land
Berna: Bern
Brema: Bremen

C
Câmpia Germano-Poloneză: Norddeutsches Tiefland
Câmpia Panonică: Pannonische Tiefebene
Carintia: Kärnten
Colonia: Köln
Confederația Elvețiană: Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft
Confederația Germană: Deutscher Bund
Confederația Germană de Nord: Norddeutscher Bund
Confederația Rinului: Rheinbund

D
Dresda: Dresden
Dunărea: Donau

E
Elba: Elbe
Elveția: Schweiz

F
Franconia: Franken
Franconia Inferioară: Unterfranken
Franconia de Mijloc: Mittelfranken
Franconia Superioară: Oberfranken
Frislanda de Est: Ostfriesland

G
Geldern Austriac: Österreichisch Geldern
Geldern Prusac: Preußisch Geldern
Germania: Deutschland

H
Hanovra: Hannover
Hessa: Hessen

I
Imperiul German: Deutsches Reich

J
Jura Franconiană: Fränkische Alb
Jura Suabă: Schwäbische Alb

L
Lacul Constanța: Bodensee
Lacul Geneva: Genfersee
Lacul Neusiedler: Neusiedler See
Lacul Zürich: Zürichsee
Liga Hanseatică: Hanse
Lorena: Lothringen
Lucerna: Luzern

M
Marea Baltică: Ostsee
Marea Nordului: Nordsee
Margraviatul Brandenburg: Markgrafschaft Brandenburg
Mecklenburg-Pomerania Inferioară: Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
Munții Elbei: Elbsandsteingebirge
Munții Jura: Jura
Munții Metaliferi (auch Munții Erzgebirge): Erzgebirge
Munții Pădurea Boemiei: Böhmerwald
Munții Pădurea Turingiei: Thüringer Wald
Munții Palatini de Nord: Nordpfälzer Bergland
Munții Sudeți: Sudeten

O
Orașul Liber și Hanseatic Brema: Freie Hansestadt Bremen
Orașul Liber și Hanseatic Hamburg: Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg

P
Pădurea Bavariei: Bayerischer Wald
Pădurea Neagră: Schwarzwald
Palatinatul Superior: Oberpfalz
Pomerania: Pommern
Pomerania Posterioară: Hinterpommern
Prusia: Preußen
Prusia Răsăriteană: Ostpreußen

R
Regiunea Ruhr: Ruhrgebiet
Renania-Palatinat: Rheinland-Pfalz
Renania de Nord-Westfalia: Nordrhein-Westfalen
Republica Federală Germania (RFG): Bundesrepublik Deutschland (BRD)
Republica Democrată Germană (RDG): Deutsche Demokratische Republik (DDR)
Rin: Rhein

S
Saxonia: Sachsen
Saxonia-Anhalt: Sachsen-Anhalt
Saxonia Inferioară: Niedersachsen
Sfântul Imperiu Roman de Națiune Germană: Heiliges Römisches Reich Deutscher Nation
Silezia: Schlesien
Stiria: Steiermark
Suebia: Schwaben

T
Tirolul de Est: Osttirol
Tirolul de Sud: Südtirol
Turgovia: Thurgau
Turingia: Thüringen

V
Viena: Wien

W
Westfalia: Westfalen

Siehe auch

 Liste der Listen fremdsprachlicher Bezeichnungen für deutsche Orte
 Liste deutscher und ungarischer Bezeichnungen rumänischer Orte

Rumänische Exonyme, deutsche Toponyme
Exonyme deutsch

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Saiz-Alvarez, José Manuel and Martín García-Vaquero. "Entrepreneurship Concept, Theories, and New Approaches." Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Fourth Edition. IGI Global, 2018. 3020-3031. Web. 20 Jan. 2020. doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.ch264
Saiz-Alvarez, J. M., & García-Vaquero, M. (2018). Entrepreneurship Concept, Theories, and New Approaches. In M. Khosrow-Pour, D.B.A. (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Fourth Edition (pp. 3020-3031). Hershey, PA: IGI Global. doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.ch264
Saiz-Alvarez, José Manuel and Martín García-Vaquero. "Entrepreneurship Concept, Theories, and New Approaches." In Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Fourth Edition, ed. Mehdi Khosrow-Pour, D.B.A., 3020-3031 (2018), accessed January 20, 2020. doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.ch264
Communications, Social Science, and Healthcare
InfoSci-Media and Communications
Entrepreneurship Concept, Theories, and New Approaches
José Manuel Saiz-Alvarez (Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico, & Nebrija University, Spain) and Martín García-Vaquero (Nebrija University, Spain)
Source Title: Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Fourth Edition
This chapter deals with the concept and theories of entrepreneurship that can be defined as the type of business strategy focused on the creation of new business ideas, jobs, social wealth, and profit by optimizing the use of productive and commercial resources. Neoclassical and New Keynesian theories are briefly analyzed in the chapter, as well as Psychological-based and Modern theories, including the Jack-of-all Trades Theory, O-Ring Theory, Resources- and Capabilities-based Theory, and Theory of the Optimal Triangle. The chapter finishes with the necessity of also including both social and solidarity-based entrepreneurship strategies, alongside the traditional classification made on this concept.
In today's world, have a good number of active entrepreneurs is key to determining good corporate health of a country. Entrepreneurs discover and exploit new business opportunities guided by intuition (Saiz-Alvarez, Coduras, & Cuervo-Arango, 2013) and risk control, while motivating social change. Complementary to entrepreneurs, capitalists only invest their money searching for share profitability, and managers, as decision-makers, foster mainly first-order competitive advantages in the company (R&D and innovation) by enhancing competition (Cuervo, Ribeiro, & Roig, 2007). When competition is strong, firms are achieving continuous improvements over time, which benefits their stakeholders.
Contrary to Van Praag and Van Ophem (1995), who affirm entrepreneurship was first studied in Cantillon's Essai sur la nature du commerce en général, published in 1755, the concept of entrepreneur (in the sense of merchant) was first studied in Spain in the second book of Tomás de Mercado's Tratos y contratos de mercaderes y tratantes discididos y determinados [Deals and Contracts Applied to Certain Merchants and Traders], published in 1569, and reedited with a few tweaks in 1571, as Suma de tratos y contratos [Treaty on Deals and Contracts]. Regarding entrepreneurship, Tomás de Mercado approves new business and exchange trade, only if they are consistent with the moral rules based on not taking advantage of others by using abusive prices and interest rates, or by conducting unfair agreements, both socially and economically.
This connection between moral acts and entrepreneurship continues, with exceptions, until today. In fact, entrepreneurs must be involved in the study of sources for discovering, and achieving new business opportunities, in order to exploit them (Shane and Venkataraman, 2000). As a result, and given the impact of entrepreneurship in a country, «contemporary economic theory recognizes entrepreneurship as an independent factor of production on a more-or-less equal footing with land, labor, and capital» (Hébert and Link, 1989, p. 40). The objective of this work is to define entrepreneurship, and the classical and new theories of entrepreneurship, both from economic and psychological perspectives.
Key Terms in this Chapter
Intellectual Capital: Combination of human, structural and relational capital.
Glocalization: Term created by the combination of «global» (think global) and «local» (act local).
Entrepreneurship: Business strategy focused on the creation of jobs, social wealth, and profit by optimizing the use of productive and commercial resources.
Capability: Capacity for a team of resources to perform some task or activity, what constitutes the main source of the firm's competitive advantage.
Resource: Inputs to be taken into account for the production and commercial processes.
Resilience: An individual resistance to failure, usually in business.


Show the love for Santa and earn that spot on the "nice list" in style*. Your little boy will jump right into the holiday spirit with this charming red and white striped long sleeved knit top with red raglan sleeves and cotton twill pants outfit. The top features a Santa Claus applique on the front. This Bonnie Jean Santa Set is ideal for seasonal photos and is sure to become a holiday favorite.


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The life of Dwayne 'The Rock' Johnson
The Secret Side Of Isaac Newton
JEFF BEZOS – Amazon CEO
AUBREY DRAKE GRAHAM – Rap Radar
ALAN TURING – Giant of Computer Science
Home ShortStories Innovator The invention of Email – Shiva Ayyadurai
October 27, 2019 eurekateam 0
The invention of Email – Shiva Ayyadurai
October 27, 2019 eurekateam
The life of Dwayne 'The Rock' Johnson
JEFF BEZOS - Amazon CEO
AUBREY DRAKE GRAHAM - Rap Radar
ALAN TURING - Giant of Computer Science
BARACK OBAMA - Farewell Speech: "Yes We Can!"
PARIS HILTON - The Real Life Tragic Story
SIGMUND FREUD - Psychosexual Stages Of Development
BEYONCE - Queen B - Artist With The Most Grammy Awards
ALFRED NOBEL - Founder OF The Nobel Prize
At fourteen years of age, when his friends were busy enjoying their childhood, a boy created history by inventing electronic mail famously known to all of us as Email.
The legend we are going to learn more about in today's story is 'Shiva Ayyadurai'. Born in India, Shiva is a Tamil-American scientist and entrepreneur. In the 1970s, Shiva's parents decided to shift to America to ensure a high-quality education for their children. By the time Shiva turned 13, he showed great intellectual ability and his school curriculum was way too easy for him.
Continuing the story, he joined a unique program in Computer science at New York University. He wrote nearly 50,000 lines of code to design and implement an electronic version of a mail system and called it EMAIL, a term that was never used before.
Although, this invention claim was said to be controversial because some ARPANET pioneer argued that email was already actively used in the 1970s but having said that Shiva coined the term Email and gave it a shape which is used in modern-day till today. The incident had a great impact on Shiva and thus was his eureka moment. It gave him the 'never give up' attitude. He kept going and now holds four degrees from MIT and he started 7 successful hi-tech companies. He is also stood for US Senate from Massachusetts as an independent candidate.
Shiva Ayyadurai always repeats the words, know the truth, be the light and find your way.
previous The Coolest Man on Earth - William Carrier
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What is Eureka Moment ?
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December 30, 2021 eurekateam
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Alcatel–Lucent S.A. () was a multinational telecommunications equipment company, headquartered in Boulogne-Billancourt, France. It was formed in 2006 by the merger of France-based Alcatel and U.S.-based Lucent, the latter being a successor of AT&T's Western Electric and Bell Labs.

In 2014, the Alcatel-Lucent group split into two: Alcatel-Lucent Enterprise, providing enterprise communication services, and Alcatel-Lucent, selling to communications operators. The enterprise business was sold to a Chinese company in the same year, and in 2016 Nokia purchased the rest of Alcatel-Lucent.

The company focused on fixed, mobile and converged networking hardware, IP technologies, software and services, with operations in more than 130 countries. In 2014,  it had been named Industry Group Leader for Technology Hardware & Equipment sector in Dow Jones Sustainability Indices review, and listed in the 2014 Thomson Reuters Top 100 Global Innovators for the 4th consecutive year. Alcatel-Lucent also owned Bell Laboratories, one of the largest research and development facilities in the communications industry, whose employees have been awarded nine Nobel Prizes and the company holds in excess of 29,000 patents.

On 3 November 2016, Nokia completed the acquisition of the company and it was merged into their Nokia Networks division. Bell Labs was maintained as an independent subsidiary of Nokia.

The Alcatel-Lucent brand has been retired by Nokia, but it survives in the form of Alcatel-Lucent Enterprise, the enterprise division of Alcatel-Lucent that was sold to China Huaxin in 2014.

History

Alcatel-Lucent was formed when Alcatel (originally short for the Société Alsacienne de Constructions Atomiques, de Télécommunications et d'Électronique, a small company in Mulhouse absorbed by CGE in 1966) merged with Lucent Technologies on 1 December 2006. However, the predecessors of the company have been a part of telecommunications industry since the late 19th century. The company has roots in two early telecommunications companies: La Compagnie Générale d'Electricité (CGE) and the Western Electric Manufacturing Company.

Western Electric began in 1869 when Elisha Gray and Enos N. Barton started a manufacturing firm based in Cleveland, Ohio, US. By 1880, the company had relocated to Chicago, Illinois, and become the largest electrical manufacturing company in the United States. In 1881, the American Bell Telephone Company, founded by Alexander Graham Bell and forerunner of American Telephone & Telegraph (AT&T), purchased a controlling interest in Western Electric and made it the exclusive developer and manufacturer of equipment for the Bell telephone companies.

CGE was formed in 1898 by French engineer Pierre Azaria in the Alsace region of what was then Germany and was a conglomerate involved in industries such as electricity, transportation, electronics and telecommunications. CGE would become a leader in digital communications and would also be known for building the TGV (train à grande vitesse) high-speed trains in France.

Bell Telephone Laboratories was created in 1925 from the consolidation of the R&D organizations of Western Electric and AT&T. Bell Labs would make significant scientific advances including: the transistor, the laser, the solar cell, the digital signal processor chip, the Unix operating system and the cellular concept of mobile telephone service. Bell Labs researchers have won 7 Nobel Prizes.

Also in 1925, Western Electric sold its International Western Electric Company subsidiary to ITT Corporation. CGE purchased the telecommunications part of ITT in the mid-1980s.

AT&T re-entered the European telecommunications market in 1984 following the Bell System divestiture. Philips promoted the venture in part because its PRX public switching technology was ageing and it sought a partner to help fund the development costs of digital switching. The joint company used the existing manufacturing and development facilities in The Hague, Hilversum, Brussels and Malmesbury as well as its U.S. resources to adapt the 5ESS system to the European market. The joint venture company AT&T & Philips Telecommunications BV doubled annual turnover between 1984 and 1987, winning major switching and transmission contracts, mainly in the effectively captive Netherlands market. In 1987, AT&T increased its holding to 60% and in 1990 it purchased the remainder of the Philips' holding.

In 1998, Alcatel Alsthom shifted its focus to the telecommunications industry, spinning off its Alsthom activities and changing the company's name to Alcatel. AT&T spun off Lucent Technologies in April 1996 with an initial public offering (IPO).

In April 2004, TCL Corporation and Alcatel announced the creation of a mobile phone manufacturing joint venture: Alcatel Mobile Phones. A year later Alcatel sold its share in the joint venture but licensed the Alcatel brand name to TCL, which continues to this day under Nokia.

Merger
Facing intense competition in the telecommunications industry, Alcatel and Lucent Technologies merged on 30 November 2006.

On 5 April 2006, Alcatel announced that it would swap its shares of Alcatel Alenia Space and Telespazio for €673 million and a 12.1% stake in Thales, a key player in the French defence industry. This increased Alcatel's stake in Thales to 20.8%.

Alcatel-Lucent acquired Nortel's UMTS radio access business at the end of 2006. During 2007 the company acquired Canadian metro WDM networking supplier Tropic Networks, Inc.; enterprise services gateway products developer NetDevices; IPTV software company Tamblin; and the telecommunications consulting practice Thompson Advisory Group, Inc. Alcatel-Lucent had a joint venture with Dutch company Draka Holding N.V. for manufacturing optical fibre, but Draka bought out Alcatel-Lucent's 49.9% stake for €209 million in December 2007. Motive, Inc., a Texas-based provider of service management software for broadband and mobile data services, was acquired in 2008.

Ben Verwaayen was appointed as chief executive officer in September 2008 after Alcatel-Lucent's first CEO, Patricia Russo, and first chairman, Serge Tchuruk, resigned. In May 2009, Alcatel-Lucent's stake in Thales was acquired by Dassault Aviation. Alcatel-Lucent announced the acquisition of OpenPlug on 1 September 2010.

For 2010, the company had revenues of €16 billion and a reported net loss of €334 million.

In October 2011, Alcatel-Lucent sold its Genesys call-centre services business unit to Permira, a private equity group, for $1.5 billion—the same amount that Lucent had paid for the business in 2000. Alcatel-Lucent needed funding for the Franco-American business, which made annual losses from 2007 to 2011.

For 2011, revenues were €15 billion with a net loss of €1.1 billion. For 2012, revenues were €14.4 billion and the net loss €1.4 billion. After seven consecutive years of negative cash flows, in October 2013 the company announced plans to cut 10,000 employees, 14% of the 72,000 workforce, as part of a €1 billion cost reduction effort.

In April 2013, Michel Combes succeeded Verwaayen as CEO. On 19 June 2013, Combes announced "The Shift Plan", a three-year plan including refocusing the portfolio on IP networking, ultra-broadband access and cloud; €1 billion in cost savings; selective asset sales intended to generate at least €1 billion over the period of the plan; and the restructuring of the group's debt.

On 1 October 2014, the company announced that it had closed the sale of its subsidiary Alcatel-Lucent Enterprise (ALE) to China Huaxin Post & Telecommunication Economy Development Center.

In 2014, the Italian labs for the management system for terrestrial networks (1350 OMS) and two families of equipment for fiber optic telecommunications—OMSN (Optical Multi-Service Node) and TSS (Transport Service Switch)—were transferred to a new dedicated company, SM Optics, a subsidiary of the Siae Microelettronica group.

On 15 April 2015, Finnish telecommunications firm Nokia announced its intent to purchase Alcatel-Lucent for €15.6 billion in an all-stock deal. The acquisition aimed to create a stronger competitor to the rival firms Ericsson and Huawei, whom Nokia and Alcatel-Lucent had surpassed in terms of total combined revenue in 2014. The acquisition was expected to be completed in early 2016, and was subject to regulatory and shareholder approval. Combes left in September and was replaced by Philippe Camus (who had been chairman of the board since 2008) as interim CEO. Regulatory approval was obtained in October 2015 and shareholder approval was announced on 4 January 2016. The Bell Labs division would be maintained but the Alcatel-Lucent brand would be replaced by Nokia.

On 14 January 2016, Alcatel-Lucent started operating as part of the Nokia Group. The sale to Nokia was finalized in November and the company was merged into Nokia Networks.

Timeline

Alcatel
 1898 – French engineer Pierre Azaria sets up the Compagnie Générale d'Électricité (CGE).
 1919 – Aaron Weil creates the "Téléphone privé" (Private telephone)
 1925 – CGE becomes part of Compagnie Générale des Câbles de Lyon.  Bell Telephone Laboratories is created.
 1927 – The company is growing, and takes the name of "Téléphonie Industrielle et Commerciale" (TELIC)
 1928 – Alsthom is formed by Société Alsacienne de Constructions Mécaniques and Compagnie Française Thomson-Houston.
 1946 – The CIT is created (Compagnie Industrielle de Téléphone) with CGE (Compagnie Generale d'Electricité)
 1947 – ALSATEL is created. (Société Alsacienne et Lorraine de Télécommunication et d'Electronique) to enable sales expansion.
 1950 – See ITT Kellogg > ITT Telecommunications > Alcatel http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/2736.html
 1954 – TELIC acquires COFRATEL (Compagnie Française du Téléphone).
 1960 – TELIC delivers the complex Crossbar technology.
 1965 – CGE acquires TELIC, becoming a subsidiary of CIT.
 1970 – Alcatel is created by merging CIT and ENTE, a department of the SACM (Société Alsacienne de Constructions Mécaniques).
 1970 – Ambroise Roux becomes CGE's chairman. He then becomes the honorary chairman until his death in 1999.
 1977 – First PBX is created, controlled by an electronic CPU.
 1980 – Minitel is launched
 1982 – Jean-Pierre Brunet becomes CGE's chairman.
 1984 – Georges Pebereau becomes CGE's chairman. Thompson telecommunications is absorbed by CGE.  Cables de Lyon buys Thompson Jeumont Cables and Kabelmetal.
 1985 – Alsthom Atlantique becomes Alsthom. Alcatel is formed when CIT-Alcatel and Thompson telecommunications merge.
 1986 – ITT Corporation sells its European telecommunications business to CGE under its agreement with Alcatel NV. Cables de Lyon becomes a subsidiary of Alcatel NV. Pierre Suard becomes CGE Chairman.
 1987 – CGE is privatized. Alsthom wins contract for TGV Atlantique for the Northern TGV network.
 1989 – CGE and General Electric Company form GEC Alsthom. This allows Alsthom to sells its products outside France. CGEE-Alsthom becomes Cegelec. AT&T Technologies reorganizes with the following business units: Network systems, Global Business Communications, Microelectronics and Consumer Products.
 1991 – CGE changes its name to Alcatel Alsthom. Acquires Rockwell Technologies transmission equipment division. Cables de Lyons is renamed Alcatel Cable and takes over AEG Kabel.
 1991 – Alcatel acquires Telettra, an Italian Telecommunication systems company.
 1992 – Alcatel Alsthom acquires AEG Kabel.
 1993 – Alcatel Alsthom acquires STC Submarine systems from now Nortel Networks.
 1995 – Serge Tchuruk was appointed chairman and CEO of Alcatel Alsthom. He restructured the company to focus on telecommunications equipment.
 1998 – Alcatel Alsthom split.  Alsthom GEC becomes Alstom through an IPO (with Alcatel retaining 24%). Alcatel sells Cegelec to the newly formed Alstom.  Alcatel acquires DSC Communications for $4.4 billion and Packet Engines
 1999 – Alcatel acquires Xylan, Assured Access and Internet Devices. Alcatel increases its stake in Thomson CSF to 25.3% and decreases its stake in Framatome to 8.6%.
 2000 – Alcatel sells the DSL modem business to Thomson Multimedia and acquires Newbridge, Genesys and Innovative Fibers. Alcatel spins off its cable unit into Nexans. Lucent spins off Avaya Inc.
 2001 – Alcatel sells its stake in Alstom. Alcatel buys back Alcatel Space investment from Thales, and reduces its stake in Thales to 20.03%. Alcatel sells its 2.2% stake in Areva. Alcatel sells DSL modem business to Thomson Multimedia. Lucent spins off its microelectronics business into Agere Systems via an IPO.
 2002 – Alcatel acquires Astral Point Communications Inc., Telera Corporation, and control of Alcatel Shanghai Bell. Alcatel sells its microelectronic business to STMicroelectronics, its stake in Thomson, 10.3M shares of Thales, and 1.5M shares of Nexans.
 2003 – Alcatel acquires iMagicTV, and TiMetra Inc. It sells a 50% stake in Atlinks,  and its optical business to Avanex.
 2004 – Alcatel acquires eDial Inc. Alcatel and TCL form a joint venture: Alcatel Mobile Phones, with Alcatel holding a 45% stake. Alcatel and Draka Holdings form a joint venture: Draka Comteq B.V. with Alcatel holding a 49.9 stake. Alcatel finalizes its acquisition of Spatial Wireless but sells 7.1M shares of Avanex.
 2005 – Alcatel sells its 45% stake of the Alcatel Mobile Phones venture back to TCL.
 2006 – Alcatel & Lucent Technologies announce merger to become Alcatel-Lucent
 2014 – China Huaxin Post & Telecommunication Economy Development Center acquires Alcatel-Lucent Enterprise

AT&T, Lucent Technologies
 1869 – Elisha Gray and Enos N. Barton formed Western Electric Company.
 1927 – Bell Labs makes the first American long distance television transmission between New York and Washington DC.
 1937 – Clinton Davisson becomes the first of 11 Nobel Prize winners from Bell Labs for his experimental confirmation of the wave nature of electrons.
 1946 – Western Electric produces over 4 million telephones.
 1947 – Bell Labs invents the transistor. Bell Labs' Douglas H. Ring and W. Rae Young wrote a memo entitled Mobile Telephony – Wide Area Coverage – Case 20564, using "hexagonal" cells for radio frequency.
 1948 – Claude Shannon, of Bell Labs, publishes a paper on Information Theory.
 1954 – Bell Labs invents the solar cell battery.
 1956 – AT&T is involved in the efforts of TAT-1, the first submarine trans-Atlantic telephone cable, handling up to 36 channels. Electric repeaters, created by Bell Labs, were used. To settle an anti-trust lawsuit, Western Electric (formerly AT&T) sells off non-networking equipment business.
 1957 – Laser is invented at Bell Labs.
 1962 – Bell Labs builds and launches Telstar1, the first orbiting active communications satellite.
 1969 – Unix operating system is invented by Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie.
 1978 – Bell Labs conducts the first trial of a commercial cell phone service in Chicago.
 1980 – Bell Labs announces digital signal processor.
 1983 – AT&T installs the first high-capacity, long-haul lightwave transmission system between NYC and Washington DC.
 1996 – Lucent Technologies launches IPO, the largest at that time.
 1998 – Lucent purchases Jeong Kim's Yurie Systems for $1.1 billion.
 2000 – Richard McGinn, chairman and CEO, was replaced by former CEO Henry Schacht.
 2002 – Patricia Russo becomes Lucent's CEO.
 2003 – Patricia Russo becomes Lucent's Chairman.
 2004 – Lucent reports its first profitable year and revenue increase since 2000.
 2005 – Jeong Kim becomes Bell Labs 11th president.

Alcatel-Lucent
 2006 – Alcatel sells its satellite, railway signaling and critical security domain to Thales. On 3 December, Alcatel and Lucent merge to form Alcatel-Lucent.  Alcatel-Lucent acquires Nortel's UMTS radio access business.
 2007 – Alcatel-Lucent acquires Tropic Networks, NetDevices, Thompson Advisory Group, and Tamblin.
 2008 – Alcatel-Lucent acquires Motive Inc. Ben Verwaayen becomes Alcatel-Lucent's second CEO.
 2009 – Alcatel-Lucent sells its remaining share of Thales and outsources its IT to HP.
 2011 – Wim Sweldens leads a wireless group to develop lightRadio, a technology to reduce the size of cell towers to tiny cubes.
 2012 – Alcatel-Lucent sells Genesys Labs to Permira.
 2014 – 1 October, Alcatel-Lucent announces the spin-off of the Enterprise division to China Huaxin forming the standalone organization of Alcatel-Lucent Enterprise.
 2015 – Nokia Corporation announces its intentions to acquire Alcatel-Lucent for $16.6 billion.
 2016 – Nokia gains control of Alcatel-Lucent. As of 16 March Nokia held a 91.8 per cent stake in Alcatel-Lucent's total shares, and planned to complete the purchase of 100% by 26 April. The Alcatel-Lucent brand is abolished.

Organization
The company's global headquarters (now a Nokia office) was in Boulogne-Billancourt, France. It had previous head offices in the 7th arrondissement and 8th arrondissement of Paris, France. Its previous head office, in the 8th arrondissement, was built between 1912 and 1929 and was renovated in 1998. During the renovation, the building was decorated with materials on the theme of the cosmos and time.

There were regional groups for the Americas, Asia Pacific & China, and Europe, Middle East & Africa. Middle East and Africa Headquarters were at Smart Village, Giza, Egypt. Alcatel was present in Italy with various research centers: Vimercate (in Lombardy), Rieti, Battipaglia, Trieste, Genova, Bari, Naples, Rome and Sesto Fiorentino; by 2014, their presence was only in Vimercate, Trieste and Rome.

Board of directors
 Philippe Camus (Chairman)
 Michel Combes  (CEO)
 Stuart Eizenstat
 Louis Hughes
 Carla Cico
 Jean Monty
 Olivier Piou
 Jean-Cyril Spinetta
 Kim Crawford Goodman
 Véronique Morali
 Francesco Caio

Leadership
 Basil Alwan, IP routing & IP transport
 Bhaskar Gorti, Software
 David Geary, Wireless
 Sandy Motley, Fixed networks
 Federico Guillen, Operations
 Philippe Keryer, Strategy & Innovation
 Jean Raby, Chief Financial Officer
 Nicole Gionet, Human Resources
 Tim Krause, Chief Marketing Officer

Operating segments
The Core Networking segment included three business divisions: IP Routing, IP Transport and IP Platforms.
The Access segment included 4 business divisions: Wireless, Fixed Access, Licensing and Managed Services.

Research and development
Bell Labs was Alcatel-Lucent's research and development (R & D) organization.

In 1876, Alexander Graham Bell was awarded the first patent for the telephone, and subsequently started AT&T. Bell Labs is named in his honor.

In 1937, Clinton Davisson shared the Nobel Prize in Physics for demonstrating the wave nature of matter. His fundamental work is part of the foundation for much of today's solid-state electronics.

In 1947, John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, William Shockley of Bell Labs invented the transistor. In 1956, they received a Nobel Prize for their invention.  The transistor led to an electronics revolution during the post-war boom. The transition from vacuum tubes to transistors enabled all technologies to be built on a smaller scale and use less electricity. Items that before required large dedicated spaces, could now fit into a home or even on a kitchen counter.

In 1954, Gerald Pearson, Darryl Chapin and Calvin Fuller invented the solar cell. Telstar, the first active communications satellite also developed by Bell Labs and launched in 1962, used these solar cell batteries as an external renewable source of power once launched. It was the first to carry live television over water, between England and the US.

In the late 1950s, Charles Townes and Arthur Shawlow of Bell Labs invented the laser, which has numerous applications, including measuring/cutting in the manufacturing industry and research/surgery in the medical industry. Bell Labs was awarded the laser patent in 1960.

In 1964, Arno Allan Penzias and Robert Woodrow Wilson discovered the cosmic microwave background radiation. They were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1978.

In 1969, Dennis Ritchie and a team of Bell Labs employees invented the UNIX operating system and the C programming language.

In 2006, Willard S. Boyle and George E. Smith were awarded the National Academy of Engineering prize, for work on charge-coupled devices which transform patterns of light into useful digital information. In 2009, they received a Nobel Prize for their invention. The device is widely used in digital cameras, video cameras and modern astronomy.

In 2013, there was a Net R&D investment of €2.3 billion (approx. 16% of sales).
There are more than 32,000 active patents, more than 3,000 obtained in 2013, and 14,900 pending patent applications.

Awards and distinctions
 July 2013 – In a test conducted on the Villarceaux campus of Alcatel-Lucent in Nozay (near Paris), the Bell Labs researchers have successfully done Data Transmission from a speed of 31 terabits per second (T−bps) at a distance of 7,200 km, a capacity more than three times higher than the most advanced commercial submarine cables that exist today.

The investigators were able to obtain greater capacity ever obtained in underwater data transmission with a single fiber. This experiment was based on the pioneering work of Bell Labs in data channels in a single carrier of 200 gigabits per second (Gbit/s). As speeds and distances to such noise and signal distortion make recovery of the data a real challenge, the researchers used innovative detection techniques and applied a new set of technologies modulation, transmission and processing together with an advanced error correction coding.

 March 2012 – Alcatel-Lucent was selected by MIT's Technology Review to its 2012 TR50 List of the World's Most Innovative Companies. The magazine recognized Alcatel-Lucent lightRadio as a "key innovation".
 February–March 2012 – Alcatel-Lucent wins the Mobile World Congress Best Infrastructure Technology Award for the lightRadio Network.

Lawsuits

Violations of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act
In December 2010, Alcatel-Lucent agreed to pay a total settlement of $137 million for bribing officials in Costa Rica, Honduras, Malaysia and Taiwan in violation of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA). The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) alleged that Alcatel retained consultants to funnel bribes of over $8 million to government officials in order to obtain and retain lucrative telecommunications contracts. Alcatel admitted that it made profits of approximately $48 million as a result of the bribes and was ordered to pay $45 million to settle charges with the SEC and a further $92 million to settle the criminal charges brought by the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ).

Alcatel-Lucent v. Microsoft

Lucent Technologies filed suit against Gateway and Dell, claiming they had violated patents on MP3, MPEG and other technologies developed by Bell Labs, a division of predecessor company American Telephone & Telegraph. Microsoft voluntarily joined the lawsuit in April 2003, and Alcatel was added after it acquired Lucent.

The first part of the case involved two audio coding patents that Alcatel-Lucent claimed were infringed by Microsoft's Windows Media Player application. Alcatel-Lucent won the trial and $1.52 billion in damages, but the judge granted Microsoft's motion for judgment and new trial.  Alcatel-Lucent appealed.

In the second part of the case, the judge ruled that Microsoft had not violated Alcatel-Lucent's patents relating to speech recognition and the case was therefore dismissed before going to trial. Alcatel-Lucent intended to appeal.

The third part of the case, involving several user interface-related patents, began on 21 May 2013.

Additional patent infringement cases, some filed by Microsoft and some filed by Alcatel-Lucent, are pending in the United States.

Alcatel-Lucent v. Newegg and Overstock
In May 2013, Newegg and Overstock won a victory in United States circuit court in which an Alcatel-Lucent shopping cart patent was invalidated.

References

External links

 Official website, archived in January 2016

French companies established in 2006
Companies formerly listed on the New York Stock Exchange
Companies formerly listed on the Paris Bourse
Companies formerly listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange
Nokia assets
Privatized companies of France
Spacecraft manufacturers
Telecommunications companies established in 2006
Telecommunications companies of France
Telecommunications equipment vendors
2016 mergers and acquisitions
Electronics companies of France
Mobile phone companies of France


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In 1893, Jules was working as a joiner in Casselman, Ontario. In 1900, he was a millright at the W.S. Edwards mills in Rockland.
"I am writing this "memoire" so that, in the event of our death, your mother and I, we leave this notebook so that you will know our ages as well as your own.
My dear children, you have only to consult this notebook as I, Jules Joanis and Délina Quévillon, were married at L'Ange Gardien, where we were both born. We were married on Monday, November 17th in 1884 at the age of 22 and 17, respectively.
I purchased our property in the Township of Clarence, Russell County on September 20, 1895 at $25.00 per with $6 interest on $300.00. On September 18, 1897, I made the third payment and also one payment in advance".
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An annual list was released on Saturday to name China's most influential modern artists and art galleries in 2018.
The 12th Art Power 100 and the second Design Power 100 Award Ceremony was held in Guantang Art District in Beijing on that day.
The award is considered one of the major third-party evaluation systems of modern art in China. This year, it was co-organized by Cankao Xiaoxi, a newspaper of Xinhua News Agency, and the Forbidden City Gallery, which is affiliated to the Palace Museum in Beijing.
The title of Artist of the Year was bestowed upon Mao Yan, a Nanjing-based artist known for his portraits, while the Red Brick Art Museum in Beijing was awarded the Art Gallery of the Year. China Guardian Auctions was listed as the Auction House of the Year.
The other winners included Fan Di'an, the head of Central Academy of Fine Arts, who was named Art Educator of the Year, and the Nation's Greatest Treasures, a TV variety show covering highlighted collections in major Chinese museums, was honored as the best promoter of art.
In the design category, a project led by the University of Hong Kong to renovate a village damaged by 2008's devastating earthquake in Sichuan province was hailed as the best rural revitalization program. The award for urban revitalization was given to Beijing Fun, a commercial area in Bejing's Qianmen district.
A symposium on fine art, along with exhibitions displaying young artists' work, was also held in Beijing to run alongside the award ceremony.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Poena is Koning follows the sexual awakening of Poena Pieterse and his high school buddy Vaatjie, who have decided that they have to lose their virginity by the time they finish school. But they've picked the worst moment to embark on their sexual escapade – it's matric exam time and their quest results in major distractions from their studies. The consequences are dire.


I happend to spend the last days of 2009 in Vienna, the home of opera and Viennnese cuisine. Wiener schnitzel,tafelspitz,Sacher cake, apple strudel,lot's of hot chocolate, coffee and glühwein. I am glad that i never put on weight as i think i've had the calories intake for the rest of 2010!
Some highlights from my New Year trip in Vienna.
Wiener schnitzel at Beil Czaak (Fleischmarkt 28 ,1010 Wien, Austria,01 5137215). Waited for two hours as the place was packed.It was worth it though.
Wiener schnitzel at Plachutta (Wollzeile 38,1010 Wien, Austria,01 5121577). Have never seen so many waiters for one table at a casual restaurant.
Tafelspitz at Plachutta. Viennese speciality not many foreigners know.Boiled beef is served in a clear soup,eaten with horse radish, mayonnaise, rosti and black bread. Perfect winter food.


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4 Games like 4 Travellers: Play Spanish for IOS iPhone, daily generated comparing over 40 000 video games across all platforms.


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text:
Eunice Energy Group
EUNICE ENERGY GROUP (EEG) is the first Greek Group to develop and invest in Renewable Energy Sources (RES) projects, generating and allocating electricity from Renewable Energy Sources (RES).
The Group implements novelties and delivers smart energy solutions. Soon, every individual or facility will be able to become a NetProsumer -a producer as well as a part in the energy exchange grid. By developing and applying innovations, EEG is appointed and established as the Greek power to implement energy from Renewable Energy Sources (RES) in everyday life.
100% Clean, Green Energy for Everyone
18years of
R&D and Production
EEG develops cutting-edge technologies and produces advanced components, devices, and fully integrated systems. Manufactures the small wind turbine EW16 thetis, develops the S4S smart energy management system, designs and manufactures the innovative Smart Home Devices and EV Chargers.
WE ENERGY, provides homes and businesses with electricity produced exclusively from renewable energy sources. We ENERGY also participates in the Energy Exchange.
EEG designs and implements major energy projects, such as the AIGAIO Project. 138 wind turbines installed in 23 Aegean islets, with a total rated power of 582MW, will change the country's energy map.
EV Charging Network
The Blink Charging Europe Joint Venture develops the network of EV charging stations in Europe starting from Greece, with electricity that EEG generates from RES. The entire Greek EV Charging Network will be powered by Green Energy provided by WE ENERGY with a guarantee of origin G.O..
Driven by Renewable Energies
EUNICE ENERGY GROUP (EEG) officially announced its agreement with Blink Charging Co., USA for the formation of a joint Venture called Blink Europe with the purpose of leveraging Blink's EV products, network, technology, and experience within the EV charging space alongside EEG's position and financial abilities to expand the charging infrastructure in Greece and other European countries. In addition, the JV aims at innovating in such way that the entire Greek Blink Charging Network will be powered by Green Energy produced by WE ENERGY with a guarantee of origin G.O.
EUNICE ENERGY GROUP - BLINK CHARGING CO.
An International Leadership
As one of the leading renewable energy companies in Greece, EUNICE ENERGY GROUP (EEG) is also the industry leader in the development of distributed energy and Smart Grid solutions. As an example of distributed energy solutions and as the leading partner of the Consortium,EEG, funded, designed and built the original project that gained international recognition and established the Group in the lead of clean energy. After implementation, Tilos Island became, with electricity generation from renewable sources, largely free from fossil fuel-based electricity generation and at the same time satisfied the electricity consumption needs on the island. Today EEG owns and operates the pioneering S4S Hybrid Power Station in Tilos island while the Group's strategic goal is to disseminate the know-how of the Project and to replicate the model in similar projects among energy communities and European islands. The Project has already impressive and measurable results. See the actual production data.
TILOS HYBRID POWER SYSTEM IN OPERATION
We all come together under a shared vision to jointly create by implementing new technology and innovative solutions a better, energy-efficient, independent and safe world for all, with respect for the environment and the human being.
With devotion to the great goal
Innovations, collaborations and every single activity that EEG implements, is associated with the use and development of Clean Energy from Renewable Energy Sources.
Healthy, Strong, Greek
The Group remains Greek, invests equity, enters into international partnerships. Its economic robustness allows it to produce know-how and innovations, to participate in major projects and yet to constitute a reliable Ambassador of Greek energy products & services in the global green energy field.
Thetis has a story to tell
The decision of EEG to manufacture its own EW16 thetis small wind turbine in Greece surpasses the logic of profitability. It demonstrates the Group's unwavering commitment to play a major role in the development, innovation and progress spread to society.
Everyone becomes NetProsumer
In the new era of energy, everyone produces, consumes and shares the needed energy. In the global scale, this development can be considered as "Energy Democracy" that allows to secure adequate energy supply between the consumers with sustainable, affordable terms and therefore it breaks the traditional connection between individual energy consumer and monopolistic energy utility.
Energy Autonomy
EEG is constantly developing and already implementing the S4S, an optimised Energy Management System, that can combine various energy sources, with energy storage in order to secure uninterrupted power supply, even in the most remote areas.
EEG makes its mark on the innovation of Electro-Mobility!
The EUNICE ENERGY GROUP Group (EEG) with a steady multi-year course in the field of clean, green energy, with investments and actions that contribute to sustainable development and environmental protection, continues to innovate, following domestic and international technological developments, venturing into the field of electro-mobility with the manufacture of electric vehicle chargers.
In the EUNICE WIND factory in Mandra, Attica, the innovative chargers of the EEG Group are manufactured through advanced design systems and a fully vertical production line with quality and technical characteristics that cover many needs and different market requirements. The EEG Group works together with Blink Charging Co USA, jointly creating Blink Charging Europe for the development of electro-mobility in Greece and Europe, which is, among other things, the first and largest customer of Greek EEG chargers.
EUNICe-Mobility
Since 2001, EUNICE ENERGY GROUP (EEG) has been constantly investing, innovating and developing activities in the whole spectrum of Renewable Energy Sources field. From design and production to distribution and development of smart grids, smart cities, smart islands.
S4S - Hybrid Energy System
By aspamet — In News
EUNICE ENERGY GROUP (EEG) at the Economist Conference - EU Recovery and Resilience Fund For Greece.
By aspamet — In Uncategorized
EUNICE ENERGY GROUP brings the energy autonomy of Tilos… to your home.
Benefits of smart energy autonomy systems for homes and businesses.


Like most keen salmon anglers, I eagerly look forward to the start of the new fishing season. For me, fishing for Atlantic Salmon is unlike any other fishing, especially as ecological factors now influence our ability to accurately predict whether it may be a good season or not and unknowingly we might often be fishing an almost barren river. On the majority of rivers we just don't know what to expect from one year to the next, and although it may sound like an old cliché, It really isn't just about catching fish, there is so much more to fishing.
For the past several years I have ventured to the North coast of Scotland for the opening of the River Helmsdale on the 11th January. This is one of the first rivers to open in the UK therefore catching a salmon on opening day could result in it being the first salmon of the year, in the UK or possibly the world! The Helmsdale is a fairly exclusive river and the fishing is offered free for the first 10 days, thus enticing enough die-hard enthusiasts into the area not just for the honour of catching the first fish but also simply to say they have fished the river.
Although we may be fishing for a Springer, this is still winter in the Highlands and the weather can change quickly, and often does, from gale force winds and rain, to snow and sleet or surprisingly it may even be sunny and dry. Modern equipment still makes it pleasurable as enough warm layers and a good breathable jacket will keep us comfortable and as long as your casting ability can cope with extreme winds and you possess a well balanced outfit this experience is one not to be missed.
Okay you may not catch a Springer, but you will probably catch a kelt or two, meet some new and interesting characters, possibly some world champions casters who will often attend, and later in the bar you can participate in a bit of highland dancing or singing along to 'Jock the Box' over a wee malt or two. If you are looking for something different that will leave some lasting memories then why not give it a go in 2019.


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Posted on 09.10.2019 by Mosar
The GRP All-Star Big Band was a musical group that recorded Jazz and Big Band music. The group was comprised of artists that record on the "GRP Records" label. From to , the band had a rotating roster of internationally renowned jazz musicians, such as Arturo Sandoval, Bob Mintzer, John Patitucci, Chick Corea, Dave Weckl, Michael. View credits, reviews, tracks and shop for the CD release of GRP All-Star Big Band on Discogs/5(14). 12 rows · Discover releases, reviews, credits, songs, and more about GRP All-Star Big Band - GRP /5(22).
There's nothing in the world like the sound of a big band. This is a good big band (I should say it WAS a good big band--it's been quite some time since this recording was released). While containing all the requisite punch, this band was noteworthy for lighter aspects of its sound. Clarinets play a larger role in the band than most/5(15). This series of CD's by David Grusin and his All-Star Big Band-- should be in EVERYONE'S jazz collection in my opinion, That talent /the arrangements / the FLAWLESS execution makes this one of my favorites still-- and I've heard it hundreds of times/5(15). Here's a screamin' version of Horace Silver's great tune arranged by Mike Dana, with some really nice call-and-response moments. The solo section offers a refreshing twist as it gets a funky groove going before returning to the swing feel. The GRP All-Star Big Band was a contemporary big band assembled in the late s by Dave Grusin and Larry Rosen, the founders of GRP goldconttrawapdalo.ciagnacicobunprobderrehodefuta.infoinfo band played new arrangements of popular jazz pieces from the s and s. Its albums GRP All-Star Big Band and Dave Grusin Presents GRP All-Star Big Band Live! were nominated for Grammys and its album All Blues won the Grammy . The second of three releases by the GRP All-Star Big Band (headed by Dave Grusin) has lots of exciting moments, including "Manteca," "Blue Train," and a version of "Cherokee" that has tradeoffs by trumpeters Arturo Sandoval, Randy Brecker, Byron Stripling, and Chuck goldconttrawapdalo.ciagnacicobunprobderrehodefuta.infoinfo band performs eight jazz standards plus Grusin's "Blues for Howard." Also among the highlights are the playing of 9/ GRP - "All-Star Big Band" The GRP Band was a group compiled in the late s under the direction of Dave Grusin and Larry Rosen, principles of GRP Records. The band was a full band, and they mostly played well-known jazz pieces from the s and s written by .
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9 thoughts on " Sister Sadie - GRP All-Star Big Band - GRP All-Star Big Band (CD, Album) "
Akijas says:
This series of CD's by David Grusin and his All-Star Big Band-- should be in EVERYONE'S jazz collection in my opinion, That talent /the arrangements / the FLAWLESS execution makes this one of my favorites still-- and I've heard it hundreds of times/5(15).
Gakus says:
12 rows · Discover releases, reviews, credits, songs, and more about GRP All-Star Big Band - GRP /5(22).
Akinorg says:
GRP - "All-Star Big Band" The GRP Band was a group compiled in the late s under the direction of Dave Grusin and Larry Rosen, principles of GRP Records. The band was a full band, and they mostly played well-known jazz pieces from the s and s written by .
Listen to your favorite songs from Dave Grusin Presents GRP All-Star Big Band Live! by GRP All-Star Big Band Now. Stream ad-free with Amazon Music Unlimited on mobile, desktop, and tablet. Download our mobile app now.
Dave Grusin Presents GRP All-Star Big Band Live! GRP All-Star Big Band January 1, Sister Sadie (Live In Japan ) All Blues is an album by the GRP All-Star Big Band that won the Grammy Award for Best Large Jazz Ensemble Performance in $/5(10).
Mikajind says:
The second of three releases by the GRP All-Star Big Band (headed by Dave Grusin) has lots of exciting moments, including "Manteca," "Blue Train," and a version of "Cherokee" that has tradeoffs by trumpeters Arturo Sandoval, Randy Brecker, Byron Stripling, and Chuck goldconttrawapdalo.ciagnacicobunprobderrehodefuta.infoinfo band performs eight jazz standards plus Grusin's "Blues for Howard." Also among the highlights are the playing of Price: $
Nizilkree says:
The GRP All-Star Big Band was a musical group that recorded Jazz and Big Band music. The group was comprised of artists that record on the "GRP Records" label. From to , the band had a rotating roster of internationally renowned jazz musicians, such as Arturo Sandoval, Bob Mintzer, John Patitucci, Chick Corea, Dave Weckl, Michael.
Najinn says:
Dave Grusin Presents GRP All-Star Big Band Live! Live album by. GRP All-Star Big Band. Released: October 5, () Dave Grusin Presents GRP All-Star Big Band Live! is a jazz album by the GRP All-Star Big Band "Sister Sadie".
Gugor says:
The GRP All-Star Big Band was a contemporary big band assembled in the late s by Dave Grusin and Larry Rosen, the founders of GRP goldconttrawapdalo.ciagnacicobunprobderrehodefuta.infoinfo band played new arrangements of popular jazz pieces from the s and s. Its albums GRP All-Star Big Band and Dave Grusin Presents GRP All-Star Big Band Live! were nominated for Grammys and its album All Blues won the Grammy .
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Groshakar on Sister Sadie - GRP All-Star Big Band - GRP All-Star Big Band (CD, Album)
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