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Graft Options for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Revision Reconstruction
Chapter 8 Graft Options for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Revision Reconstruction
Lonnie E. Paulos, MD, Anastassios Karistinos, MD
INTRODUCTION 229
SYNTHETIC GRAFTS AND AUGMENTATION DEVICES 229
Gore-Tex Ligament 230
Stryker Dacron Ligament 230
Kennedy Ligament Augmentation Device 230
ALLOGRAFTS 231
Graft Options 231
Disease Transmission 231
Donor Screening and Sterilization Techniques 231
Healing of Allografts Postimplantation 232
AUTOGRAFTS 233
AUTHORS' APPROACH 235
Cause of Failure 235
Previous Graft Selection 235
Type and Location of Hardware from Previous Reconstruction 236
Bone Quality 236
Condition of the Ipsilateral Patellofemoral Joint and Contralateral Knee 236
Single versus Two-Stage Reconstruction 237
Other Factors 237
SUMMARY 237
It has been estimated that approximately 100,000 anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions are performed annually in the United States.7 This represents a 30% to 40% increase from previous reports.20 The procedure has a successful outcome in 75% to 95% of cases; however, 8% may experience an unsatisfactory result owing to recurrent instability and graft failure.16 It is reasonable to assume that with an increasing number of ACL reconstructions, orthopaedic surgeons are more likely to encounter a patient with a failed reconstruction. Failure has not been universally defined, but in general, an ACL graft is consider failed when there is an increase in anteroposterior (AP) translation of more than 5.5 mm compared with the contralateral knee during instrumented knee arthrometer testing or when a grade II or III pivot shift test is elicited during physical examination. When planning a revision ACL reconstruction, one of the most important and controversial decisions is the choice of graft. In this chapter, the merits of various graft sources (autografts, allografts, and rarely in North America, synthetic grafts) are discussed as well as the advantages and disadvantages of different anatomic graft types. Finally, the authors present their preferred approach.
Critical Points INTRODUCTION
A 40% increase in the incidence of primary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions has been documented in recent years.
Orthopaedic surgeons are more likely to encounter a patient in need for revision ACL reconstruction.
The primary graft is considered failed when
• KT testing reveals greater than 5.5 mm of increased anteroposterior tibial translation.
• A grade II or III pivot shift is elicited on physical examination.
SYNTHETIC GRAFTS AND AUGMENTATION DEVICES
Popular in the early 1980s, synthetic grafts and augmentation devices were used to reconstruct the ACL or augment reconstructions with autogenous grafts. Three devices were used extensively in the United States; the Gore-Tex ligament (W. L. Gore and Associates, Flagstaff, AZ), the Stryker Dacron ligament (Stryker Corporation, Kalamazoo, MI), and the Kennedy Ligament Augmentation Device (3M Corporation, Minneapolis, MN).
Critical Points SYNTHETIC GRAFTS
Three synthetic grafts gained popularity in North America:
• Gore-Tex ligament
• Stryker Dacron ligament
• Kennedy ligament augmentation device
Despite initial enthusiasm with these devices, long-term studies documented frequent complications and high failure rates.
Gore-Tex Ligament
The Gore-Tex synthetic ligament consists of woven strands of polytetrafluoroethylene with molded eyelets at each end that allow fixation of the graft to the bone with screws (Fig. 8-1). This prosthetic device is intended to function as a permanent load-bearing implant with an ultimate tensile strength of 5300 N. In 1986, this device received approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for limited clinical use in patients with failed ACL reconstruction. The Gore-Tex ligament is placed in an over-the-top location. Femoral fixation in a bone tunnel is contraindicated because abrasion of the ligament at the entrance of the tunnel can cause premature failure. Long-term outcome studies of patients who received this artificial ligament have shown deterioration of results and high failure rates. Paulos and associates39 reported on 188 patients who received Gore-Tex reconstructions followed an average of 48 months postoperatively. Unacceptable results (fair and poor) were obtained in 56% of the patients. Rupture of the ligament occurred in 12% of the cases (Fig. 8-2). Loosening of greater than 3 mm was observed in 34% of the patients, which led to an unacceptable result in nearly one half. Thirty-four percent of the patients suffered from recurrent effusions. The authors concluded that the use of this ligament in primary as well as revision ACL reconstructions led to unacceptable results in 76% of the cases.
FIGURE 8-1 The Gore-Tex synthetic ligament.
FIGURE 8-2 A ruptured Gore-Tex synthetic ligament retrieved during revision anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.
Stryker Dacron Ligament
The Stryker Dacron prosthetic ligament (Fig. 8-3) is intended to function as a permanent prosthesis. This device has an ultimate tensile strength of 3600 N and was approved in 1989 for use in failed intra-articular ACL reconstructions. It can be implanted either using an over-the-top technique or through a bone tunnel. Similar to the Gore-Tex ligament, long-term studies have shown high failure rates. Wredmark and Engstrom54 reported 5-year results in a group of 42 patients. During the observation period, the failure rate was nearly 60% based on ligament examination (instrumented knee arthrometer and/or pivot shift test). Eighty percent of the patients had radiographic evidence of ligament rupture. Histologic examination of the failed ligaments during revision surgery revealed an inflammatory or foreign body reaction, and not the expected organized fibrous ingrowth.
FIGURE 8-3 The Stryker Dacron prosthetic ligament.
Kennedy Ligament Augmentation Device
The ligament augmentation device (LAD) polypropylene graft, in contrast to the grafts described previously, is intended to function as a load-sharing implant to protect a biologic graft while it heals (Fig. 8-4). The FDA released this product in 1986 for use with the Marshall-McIntosh ACL reconstruction, but it has also been used with autogenous bone–patellar tendon–bone (B-PT-B) and hamstring grafts. The device is manufactured in widths of 8 mm and 6 mm, with ultimate tensile strengths of 1730 N and 1500 N, respectively. The Kennedy LAD was perhaps the most widely used prosthetic device in ACL reconstruction. Although complications from its use such as synovitis, breakage, or painful hardware have been reported,5 the device fell out of favor mainly because comparison studies failed to demonstrate any advantage with its use for autograft or allograft augmentation.30,32
FIGURE 8-4 The Kennedy ligament augmentation device.
The poor performance of synthetic grafts in both primary and revision ACL reconstruction renders them an inferior choice. Synthetic grafts should not be routinely used in the revision setting. Thus, the choice of graft tissue in revision ACL reconstruction is between autografts and allografts.
ALLOGRAFTS
Graft Options
The wide availability of musculoskeletal allografts in North America has resulted in an ever-increasing utilization of these tissues in orthopaedic surgery. According to data from the American Association of Tissue Banks (AATB), a voluntary accreditation organization that sets standards for tissue banking, approximately 1.5 million bone and soft tissue allografts are distributed each year by AATB-accredited tissue banks in the United States.41 Allografts are appealing during revision ACL reconstruction in which autograft options may be limited or not available. The morbidity associated with autograft harvest is avoided and the operative time is decreased. A variety of allograft tissue is available for ACL reconstruction. The most popular tissues are the Achilles tendon (AT), B-PT-B, quadriceps tendon (QT), hamstring tendons, and the tibialis anterior (TA) tendon. Other less frequently used options are the tibialis posterior tendon, peroneus longus tendon, and fascia lata. These grafts provide a variety of length, width, and strength options and allow for soft tissue or bone fixation. The biomechanical properties of the TA, tibialis posterior (TP), and the peroneus longus (PL) tendon have recently been evaluated. Their ultimate tensile strength when tested as doubled grafts was 3144 N, 3391 N, and 2483 N, respectively. The TA had the greatest stiffness (344 N/mm), followed by the TP (302 N/mm) and the PL (244 N/mm).40 These values compare favorably with historical data of other graft sources.35 In addition, allografts harvested with bone blocks at their end(s) such as the AT, B-PT-B, or QT, may allow greater flexibility during revision reconstructions when bone loss is encountered. In such cases, shaping the bone block(s) of the allograft to match a widened preexisting tunnel or to fill a bone defect from removed hardware can obviate the need for a staged reconstruction. These benefits, however, have to be weighed against certain disadvantages of allografts that are associated with their procurement, processing, and sterilization.
Critical Points ALLOGRAFTS
Allografts represent a versatile option for revision ACL reconstruction.
• Wide availability
• Variety of tissue
• Avoidance of morbidity associated with autograft harvesting
• Decreased operative time
• May obviate the need for a staged reconstruction
• Disease transmission
• Slow and incomplete biologic incorporation
• Possible immunologic rejection
• Decreased biomechanical properties associated with certain processing and sterilization methods
• Cost
Clinical outcome studies of allograft revision ACL reconstruction suggest that
• Good subjective results can be achieved.
• Allografts provide inferior objective stability compared with autografts.
Disease Transmission
One of the major concerns related to the use of allografts is disease transmission. The incidence of infection after allograft knee reconstruction has not been accurately determined. Both bacterial and viral infections have been reported. As of March 11, 2002, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) had received 26 reports of bacterial infections associated with musculoskeletal tissue allografts. Eighteen of these cases were associated with grafts used for ACL reconstruction. Thirteen (50%) of the 26 patients were infected with Clostridium species (12 with C. septicum, one with C. sordellii). All allografts were processed aseptically, but did not undergo terminal sterilization.3 In response, additional steps were taken to reduce the risk of disease transmission including sterilization methods that kill bacterial spores, swab and destructive cultures, rejection of tissues contaminated by bowel flora, and implementation of time limits for the procurement of the donors (12 hr when the donor is procured at room temperature, 24 hr for refrigerated donors). However, in 2003, an additional case of septic arthritis due to Streptococcus pyogenes after allograft ACL reconstruction was reported, despite adaptation of these measures.2 The risk of viral disease transmission is lower, and most incidents have occurred before the pathogen was known or when the available technology could not identify its presence in the donor owing to a "serologic window." There have been reports of hepatitis C, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission from tendon allografts used in knee reconstruction.1,47 The risk of HIV transmission from musculoskeletal allografts has been estimated to be as low as 1 in 1,667,600.8
Donor Screening and Sterilization Techniques
Currently, allograft donors are initially screened with a detailed medical and social history of the donor and postmortem examination for signs of infectious disease. Blood cultures as well as cultures from the harvested grafts are taken. The AATB requires a serologic examination for HIV type 1 and 2 antibodies, HIV-1 DNA by polymerase chain reaction, hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis B core antibody, hepatitis C antibody, human T-cell lymphotropic virus types 1 and 2 antibodies, and syphilis antibody. The introduction of newer testing methods such as nucleic acid testing can decrease the window period associated with conventional antigen and antibody testing and increase the safety of allografts. The Board of Governors of the AATB voted to require AATB-accredited tissue banks to adopt this newer testing method for HIV-1 and hepatitis C by March of 2005.29
Several disinfection and sterilization methods have been used to eliminate bacteria, spores, and viruses from allografts.53 Currently, there is no single standard approach to eliminate pathogens from allografts. Furthermore, some of these methods can alter the biomechanical properties of soft tissue grafts. Aseptic harvesting and processing alone preserve the strength of tendon grafts, but these do not eliminate bacteria, fungi, spores, or viruses. In addition, this method removes blood and lipids from only the surface of the graft. Chemical soaking can eliminate bacteria and fungi, but this process does not eradicate spores or viruses.
Two commonly employed methods for terminal sterilization are gamma irradiation (GI) and ethylene oxide (EO). GI is effective against bacteria at doses of 1.5 to 2.5 Mrad. However, as much as 4.0 Mrad is required to inactivate HIV, and even higher doses may be necessary to kill spores.13 Unfortunately, higher doses of GI result in a substantial decrease of the strength of tendinous grafts. Fideler and colleagues14 studied the effects of GI on B-PT-B allografts. These investigators noted a 15%, 24%, and 46% reduction in all biomechanical properties of the grafts after exposing them to doses of 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 Mrad of irradiation, respectively. EO has successfully been used to sterilize surgical instruments. However, its use as a method to sterilize ACL allografts has been associated with intra-articular reactions with chronic synovitis, graft failure, and bone dissolution developed from the chemical residues that EO leaves in moist tissues.19
In an attempt to ameliorate the problems associated with each individual method of sterilization, several companies have developed proprietary techniques to process allografts that combine the methods previously discussed or introduce new ones.50 Cryolife, Inc. (Kennisaw, GA) uses slow freezing combined with a dehydrating solvent, such as dimethyl sulfoxide or glycerol, to cryopreserve allografts. After desiccation, the grafts are treated for an extended period of time with an antimicrobial solution. No secondary sterilization technique is used. BioCleanse (Regeneration Technologies, Inc., Alachua, FL) uses a low-temperature chemical sterilization method, which allows better tissue penetration of the chemical and thus eliminates endogenous contamination from the allografts.
Allowash (Lifenet, Virginia Beach, VA) uses ultrasound, centrifugation, and negative pressure combined with biologic detergents, alcohols, and hydrogen peroxide to remove lipids, blood, and marrow cells from the allograft tissue that may act as reservoirs for potential pathogens. Clearant Process (Clearant, Inc., Los Angeles, CA) uses high doses of radiation (50 kGy). To prevent soft tissue damage, the technique is combined with freezing, water extraction, and addition of stabilizers and antioxidants that (according to the company) protect the grafts from biomechanical deterioration.
Healing of Allografts Postimplantation
Biologic integration and tissue compatibility merit consideration when allografts are used in primary or revision ACL reconstruction. Allografts follow the same healing process observed with autograft reconstruction of an initial period of avascular necrosis, followed by revascularization and cell proliferation.4 However, several studies have documented that this integration occurs at a much slower rate. Jackson and coworkers18 evaluated patellar tendon autografts and fresh frozen allografts 6 months after ACL reconstruction in a goat model. Compared with the allografts, the autografts demonstrated a smaller increase in AP displacement, two-times greater values of maximum force to failure, a significant increase in cross-sectional area, a more rapid loss of large-diameter collagen fibrils, and an increased density and number of small-diameter collagen fibrils. The allografts had a greater decrease in structural properties, a slower rate of biologic incorporation, and a prolonged presence of an inflammatory response. The autografts demonstrated a more robust biologic response, improved stability, and increased strength to failure values.
More recently, Malinin and associates28 studied nine ACL allografts and one autograft, retrieved at autopsy or at the time of revision surgery, to determine the rate and the extent of graft cellular replacement and remodeling. Examination of specimens from 20 days to 10 years after transplantation revealed a pattern of revascularization similar to that reported in previous biopsy studies. However, examination of entire allografts 2 years after transplantation revealed that the central portions of the grafts remained acellular and complete attachment was not present. One specimen retrieved 3.5 years post-transplantation did demonstrate complete attachment. The authors concluded that complete remodeling and cellular replacement of the entire graft may require 3 years or longer.
Similar findings were documented in a study by Beck and coworkers.6 These authors obtained biopsies during arthroscopy from ACL allografts at various times after implantation. Histologic examination of the specimens showed that allografts remain largely avascular and acellular as late as 8 years postimplantation (Fig. 8-5).
FIGURE 8-5 Histologic examination of specimens from Beck and coworkers6 shows that allografts remain largely avascular and acellular as late as 8 years postimplantation.
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Anterior Cruciate Ligament Primary and Revision Reconstruction: Diagnosis, Operative Techniques, and Clinical Outcomes
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Skeletally Immature Patients
Posterior Cruciate Ligament: Diagnosis, Operative Techniques, and Clinical Outcomes
Function of the Posterior Cruciate Ligament and Posterolateral Ligament Structures
Rehabilitation of Posterior Cruciate Ligament and Posterolateral Reconstructive Procedures
Scientific and Clinical Basis for Double-Bundle Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Primary and Revision Knees
Knee Ligament Function and Failure
Biology of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Graft Healing
Tags: Noyes Knee Disorders Surgery Rehabilitation Clinical Outcomes
Jun 22, 2016 | Posted by admin in PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION | Comments Off on Graft Options for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Revision Reconstruction


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The Enemy of the People - A Dangerous Time to Tell the Truth in America
by Jim Acosta
Overview -
From CNN's veteran Chief White House Correspondent Jim Acosta, an explosive, first-hand account of the dangers he faces reporting on the current White House while fighting on the front lines in President Trump's war on truth.
In Mr. Trump's campaign against what he calls "Fake News," CNN Chief White House Correspondent, Jim Acosta, is public enemy number one. From the moment Mr. Trump announced his candidacy in 2015, he has attacked the media, calling journalists "the enemy of the people."
Acosta presents a damning examination of bureaucratic dysfunction, deception, and the unprecedented threat the rhetoric Mr. Trump is directing has on our democracy. When the leader of the free world incites hate and violence, Acosta doesn't back down, and he urges his fellow citizens to do the same.
At Mr. Trump's most hated network, CNN, Acosta offers a never-before-reported account of what it's like to be the President's most hated correspondent. Acosta goes head-to-head with the White House, even after Trump supporters have threatened his life with words as well as physical violence.
From the hazy denials and accusations meant to discredit the Mueller investigation, to the president's scurrilous tweets, Jim Acosta is in the eye of the storm while reporting live to millions of people across the world. After spending hundreds of hours with the revolving door of White House personnel, Acosta paints portraits of the personalities of Sarah Huckabee Sanders, Stephen Miller, Steve Bannon, Sean Spicer, Hope Hicks, Jared Kushner and more. Acosta is tenacious and unyielding in his public battle to preserve the First Amendment and #RealNews.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Oh Lord, it's hard to be humble — especially when thousands of Americans clamor to see you and the president, Congress and U.N. roll out the red carpets. That's the reception awaiting Pope Francis — after a Cuba visit that began today — when he lands near Washington on Tuesday for a six-day visit that includes a procession through Central Park and the canonization of a controversial California friar, Junipero Serra. It'll be more than mere adulation, however, as liberal politicians expect a papal blessing for efforts to mitigate income inequality and global warming.
It's someone else's problem. That's what some countries seem to be saying in response to an ever-mounting influx of migrants. Hungary's building fences and Croatia's vowing that refugees landing there will be "moved on" to prevent the country from becoming a "migrant hot spot." Even Germany is curtailing train service to slow arrivals while imploring fellow EU members for help. There's no letup to the flow of huddled masses, nor the conflicts they're fleeing, so European leaders at Wednesday's emergency summit in Brussels will be under pressure to step up and share the burden.
It's nothing new. As far back as 1965, a government report on the state of America's Black families warned that mass incarceration was crippling their community, encouraging a matriarchal system kept in place by the disproportionate locking away of Black men. The warning backfired, and today, the problem has only worsened — and writer Ta-Nehisi Coates worries that if the U.S. government attempts to tackle its broken prison system without addressing systemic racism — investing in poor neighborhoods, for instance — the solution may be a Band-Aid on a gaping wound.
Call it global burning. Climate change has a very tangible manifestation in the American West: After destroying 8 million acres — even in normally snowy Alaska and the damp Pacific Northwest — wildfires are approaching record levels with months of fire season remaining. The U.S. Forest Service says global warming is to blame, and even with serious CO2-cutting efforts, weather experts say major fires in some western areas will increase sixfold by 2050. That means the service's firefighting and prevention budgets need a big boost — something even climate-science-skeptical lawmakers are hot for.
This might make you ill. America's seventh-most valuable public company and most admired health-product conglomerate is also the maker of Risperdal, an antipsychotic medication that has generated thousands of lawsuits against the company, costing nearly $3 billion in settlements. The suits claim salespeople urged doctors to prescribe the drug for the young and elderly despite possible risks such as strokes and hormonal disorders that caused a boy to grow breasts. The litigation hasn't rattled the company's bottom line, but new revelations concerning the alleged tactics could leave some executives reaching for their meds.
Next on House Haunters: The best-known scary mansion in Southern California is probably at Disneyland, but 2475 Glendower Place, Los Feliz, is climbing the charts. That's where a doctor used a hammer to murder his wife in 1959, and it's been vacant ever since, except for occasional paranormal sightings. An Internet obsession has turned it into a must-see for the macabre-minded, a reputed time capsule of 1950s domestic bliss, Christmas tree included. The property is valued at $4 million — a hefty investment that could haunt a homeowner forever.
It's time to put the creator before the horse. Netflix's animated sad-com BoJack Horseman has been picked up for a third season, which should make its talkative auteur, Raphael Bob-Waksberg, ecstatic. But that wouldn't fit his gloomy, eccentric world view. The 31-year-old comedian with a sketch-comedy background dabbles in genres, like anonymous Twitter accounts and parodies of Craigslist, and he's pushed for women writers, staying true to his feminist San Francisco roots. This horse is going places, as long as he can keep it dark in the spotlight's glare.
Read about its secret makeover! The legendary tween magazine's new owner, Mark Patricof, thinks he has a winner — even in the age of instant online gratification. His secret? A system surprisingly similar to that which floated classic Hollywood heartthrob fan magazines of the 1950s and got Tiger Beat started in 1965: strong relationships with studios like Nickelodeon and Disney, providing access to young stars like Ariana Grande and hard-copy swag such as posters, keepsakes and faux magazine covers featuring readers' faces. How will it end? Only the 12-year-olds know that secret.
They're looking for a break. Battered and traumatized by war, some 1,000 U.S. Marines have hit the beach. Ocean Therapy, started in 2007, uses surfing to treat those suffering from PTSD and even physical brain injuries. Compared to expensive and potentially debilitating drugs like antidepressants, neurochemicals such as serotonin that flood the brain during physical exertion and mental focus are all natural. The program boasts 75 percent attendance, unlike sporadic participation in more traditional forms of therapy, and could help reduce the $3 billion the VA spends annually to treat its psychically scarred warriors.


Aparna Balamurali, who acted in Malayalam blockbuster Maheshinte Prathikaram, has been chosen to play the female lead in Rajeev Menon's Sarvam Thaala Mayam. Remember she was earlier part of 8 Thottakal.
Sarvam Thaala Mayam has GV Prakash playing the lead and music by AR Rahman. Heaping laurels on Rajeev Menon, AParna, says, 'Apart from being an ace cinematographer, he is a brilliant director, who prepares his actors well before the shoot. We attended a workshop and were made to undergo a training prior to the filming last December.
We were ready by the time and knew our scenes well as we shot them. I was amazed to see him back in the director's seat after 15 years.' The actress plays the role of a Malayalee nurse in the film, who works in Chennai, while GV plays a drummer.
Tags: malluwood girl is rajeev menon's heroine, Rajeev Menon,Aparna Balamurali.


text:
Martin Morning är ett animerat barnprogram från 2003, med franskt ursprung. Serien har dubbats till svenska och har visats i SVT Barn.

Programmet handlar om en pojke som vaknar varje morgon i ny skepnad och ingen dag är den andra lik.

Pojken heter egentligen Martin Matin (matin = morgon på franska), men översättarna tyckte inte att det svenska Martin Morgon lät bra utan översatte istället till engelskas Morning.

Martin Morning sändes mellan åren 2003-2014 på SVT Barn.

Svenska röster
 Niels Pettersson
 Love Bergström
 Jonas Bergström
 Elina Raeder
 Johan Svangren
 Susanne Barklund
 Annika Barklund
 Mikael Jönsson
 Oliver Åberg
 Andreas Nilsson
 Charlotte Ardai Jennefors
 Hans Jonsson
 Norea Sjöquist
 Johan Wahlström

Avsnitt

Källor

Externa länkar

Barnprogram på TV
Franska animerade TV-serier från 2000-talet
TV-seriestarter 2003

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text:
Krisna "Kris" Dim (born May 7, 1973) is an IFBB professional bodybuilder.

His first national bodybuilding competition was the NPC (National Physique Committee) USA Championships, where he took 6th.  After many years of hard work, he finally got his "Pro Card" after winning the overall light-heavyweight division in the NPC USA 2003.  From there, he began his career as a professional bodybuilder and competed in his first IFBB Mr. Olympia competition in 2004, where he placed 12th.  His first Arnold Classic was in 2006, where he placed 14th, followed by his first Ironman Pro Invitational in the same year, where he placed 10th. He also competed in the Mr. Olympia Europe in 2009 where he placed 3rd overall after Ronnie Coleman who was 1st.

Kris has been featured in many fitness and bodybuilding articles, the cover of FLEX magazine and Muscular Development.

Early life
Dim was born in Cambodia. When he was four years old, he and his family moved to Arlington, Virginia. They moved again to Sacramento, California when he was twelve years old. Here is where Kris journey into bodybuilding began he joined a professional gym at the age of fifteen and began to see a transformation very fast as he moved up in strength and size whilst maintaining condition throughout. Two years later, he entered and won his first contest, the teenage division of the North Bay Bodybuilding Championships. He married, dropped out of college, and since then his career has taken off.

Stats
Height: 5 ft 6 inch
Competition weight: 185 lb.

Heart attack and health issues
Kris suffered an aortic dissection on June 8, 2007 which nearly took his life. He returned to competition two years later but after another surgery in 2012 he was left paralyzed from the waist down. In 2019 Kris entered the wheel chair division of bodybuilding where he took first place at the Mr. Olympia and 2nd place at the Arnold Classic. Kris has since retired from bodybuilding and resides in Elk Grove, CA, where he is a fitness consultant.

See also
Arnold Classic
List of male professional bodybuilders
Mr. Olympia

References

1973 births
Cambodian emigrants to the United States
Professional bodybuilders
Living people


Makol Mawien's days of towering over his Kansas State teammates on the floor are over, and he couldn't be happier about it.
After spending the past month as the Wildcats' lone big man in a four-guard lineup, his post partner is back.
The return of Big 12 preseason player of the year Dean Wade not only gives Mawien and the Wildcats some much-needed help in the middle, but also a versatile offensive threat to occupy opposing defenses all over the floor.
"I'd say it opens (the offense) up a little more because Dean can shoot as well as be in the post," said Mawien, a 6-foot-9, 245-pound junior, who averages 7.1 points and 4.5 rebounds. "He brings more attention, not just (away) from me, but the rest of the guys who are on the court.
"It's a plus for everybody."
The 6-10, 228-pound Wade leads the Wildcats in rebounding with 7.9 a game and is second in scoring at 12.4. And that after he scored just two points last Saturday at Iowa State in his return from a foot injury that sidelined him for six games.
The Wildcats won that game, 58-57, on a Barry Brown layup with four seconds left, pushing their record to 12-4 overall and 2-2 in the Big 12. They will try to make it three in a row at 6 p.m. Saturday when they face No. 20-ranked Oklahoma (13-3, 2-2) at the Lloyd Noble Center in Norman, Okla.
Wade played 22 minutes at Iowa State, contributing a late basket and a game-high nine rebounds. He also was a factor on the defensive end, where Iowa State shot 42 percent and had just seven offensive rebounds.
That may be where Mawien appreciates Wade's presence the most. With the smaller lineup, the four guards frequently switched screens, occasionally leaving Mawien with a mismatch.
"I'd say it helps a lot," Mawien said. "Because most of the bigs we play against, now Dean and I can switch and we'll be OK on defense.
"When there's another big man on the court it's much easier to switch."
K-State coach Bruce Weber said he expects Mawien ultimately to benefit on the offensive end, too. Wade is one of the team's best passers as well as the most accurate 3-point shooter at 40 percent.
"I hope it frees him up, too, because people worry about Dean," Weber said. "Maybe we can get the ball inside to him.
"He had some opportunities the other day where he got it swiped (and) he's got to finish some of those plays. With Dean in the high post or out on the court, you hope it opens space up, just like it opens driving lanes for Barry (Brown), you hope it opens up more space for Mak inside."
Brown, the Big 12 player of the week after averaging 26 points with game-winning baskets both against West Virginia and Iowa State, doesn't expect a healthy Wade to diminish Mawien's role.
"We still need Mak and we're going to give him the ball," Brown said. "We still want him to finish.
"Maybe it affects his touches because Dean's going to get some, too, obviously, but as far as his role and the things we still look for him to do is pretty similar."
Mawien finished right at his average against Iowa State with Wade in the lineup, scoring seven points and grabbing five rebounds.
Another benefit would be the option of playing backup post Levi Stockard alongside either Wade or Mawien, where with Wade out Weber seldom used two big men at the same time.
"If we have foul trouble, I could see myself on the court at the same time as Levi," Mawien said. "(But) I don't think my game will change a lot.
"I have played with Dean for a full year, so I think the chemistry will still be there."
Tipoff: 6 p.m. Wednesday, Lloyd Noble Center, Norman, Okla.


text:
Q: HTML5: Playing  with TTML subtitle I tried the following to play an audio file and display TTML subtitles with it, but subtitles are not displayed:
<video width="400" controls>
  <source
    src="file:///Users/me/Downloads/an_danserion_noz.mp3"
    type="audio/mp3"
  />
  <track
    src="file:///Users/me/Downloads/subtitle_example.xml"
    label="English subtitle"
    kind="subtitles"
    srclang="en-us"
    default
  />
</video>

Can I fix this code to display subtitles, and if yes, how ?
TTML example file:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<tt xmlns="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml" xml:lang="en" >

Disons que vous voulez multiplier 12 x 13

Pour celui-ci nous allons tirer une ligne

Pour les deux , nous allons laisser un peu d'espace et nous allons tracer deux lignes

Pour les autres chiffres que nous allons tracer les lignes à l'autre direction

Maintenant, nous allons regrouper les différentes lignes et comptera les points

Ici, nous avons six points différents

Au milieu , nous avons cinq points différents

Et de l'autre côté nous avons un point

Et ce est la anser - 156

</tt>

A: Summary
You can translate your TTML subtitles to WebVTT or you can use the JavaScript library imscJS to render the TTML captions.
See below for details on the two options.
WebVTT for audio
WebVTT is the only subtitle format currently supported natively by web browsers.
You can use for conversion e.g. the library ttconv. There is an (experimental) online demo for ttconv but you can also install ttconv locally and then use the following command:
tt convert -i subtitles.ttml -o subtitles.vtt

In Chrome, there is an issue that you need to be aware of. If you translate TTML to WebVTT without explicit vertical positioning, the subtitles are positioned at the bottom. But in Chrome, the video controls would obscure the subtitles at the bottom. Therefore, you need to add the line position, e.g.
1
00:00:01.000 --> 00:00:03.000 line:1
Disons que vous voulez multiplier 12 x 13

or
1
00:00:01.000 --> 00:00:03.000 line:0%
Disons que vous voulez multiplier 12 x 13

This places the subtitle at the top of the rendering area.
The markup would be very similar to what you posted. For better readability, you could set the background of the video element to black and specify the height of the video element (by default, the font size of the WebVTT subtitle is calculated based on the height of the video element).
    <video width="800" height="600" style="background-color: black;" controls>
        <source
          src="silence.mp3"
          type="audio/mp3"
        />
        <track
          src="subtitles.vtt"
          label="English subtitle"
          kind="subtitles"
          srclang="en-us"
          default
        />
    </video>

TTML subtitles for audio with imscJS
The MDN article Building an IMSC player describes how to use imscJS to create a TTML subtitle renderer with a few lines of code.
You can use the demo code hosted on GitHub and modify it slightly.

*

*You need to replace the video file with your audio file.

*You need to change the dimensions of the video and the CSS for the rendering div.

*You should use the latest minified version of imscJS.

The HTML code would look like this:
<!DOCTYPE html>

    <meta name="description" content="imsc-player-demo">
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>imscJS demo</title>

    <link href="css/style.css" rel="stylesheet" />

        <video src="audio/silence.mp3"
               id="imscVideo"
              muted loop controls width="800" height="600" style="background-color: black;">
          <track src="ttml/subtitles.ttml"
                 kind="subtitles"
                 srclang="en"/>
        </video>

The css for the rendering div would be adjusted as follows:
#render-div {
  display: flex;
  border: 1px solid #558abb;
  height: 600px;
  width: 800px;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  position: absolute;
  pointer-events: none;
}

A complete example based on your question can be found here:
https://github.com/andreastai/audiottml
This is what it would look like:
https://andreastai.github.io/audiottml/

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
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text:
War & Terror
Twin Towers Nuked
By Haunted Universe,
August 13, 2020 in 911
Haunted Universe
So, simple answer to your question is: Criminal evidence needed to be destroyed. Problem is, I don't think anyone can say, with 100% confidence, they know exactly what that criminal evidence might be. That evidence could have encompassed a whole plethora of dirty deeds. Am I speculating with the given information? Yes. Do I know exactly what those dirty deeds were? No. I do have some ideas, though.
14 minutes ago, Haunted Universe said:
We can only speculate. So if you are interested in speculating for yourself, just look at what Offices and what was stored inside WTC 7. The information is all over the net and a matter of public record. It should be rather easy to look into and judge for yourself.
Please speculate and give me a good reason. I can see none. If it was to destroy unique paper records, burn them. Computer records have offsite backups. Blasting all the paper out into the streets would be my last choice.
Update:your next post above speculated.......so burn all that. Why not?
Edited September 14, 2020 by Comedy Time
7 minutes ago, Comedy Time said:
Criminal evidence needed to be destroyed, as I said, we can only speculate as to what that was.
Another theory is theft of highly valuable data. Physical access to a server is the best way to compromise the security system and access the data. Evacuating the building would give the thief the best chance at reaching the objective. The demolition was designed to cover up the theft.
What data you ask? There are many possibilities. I'm sure a more well versed researcher could name some off the top of their head.
.... we can only speculate .....
So you don't actually have a valid reason for why WTC7 would be brought down. I think it an amazing coincidence that the building "to be brought down" had a sizeable chunk of its South face carved out by falling debris and caught fire for most of the day. Some amazing explosive charges there, that withstand all of that and luckily it was hit by WTC1/2 otherwise they wouldn't have had any reason to drop it.
1 minute ago, Comedy Time said:
You want to talk about things being logical yet you are defending the official story without saying so. You don't say why and you avoid questions that make you uncomfortable limiting the scope of your understanding.
So what is logical about 2.3 TRILLION dollars worth of "Accounting Errors"? Do you really think accountants are that stupid to make an incredible amount of "Errors"? How is this for logic-2.3 trillion dollars was missing, Enron was in full swing with the current administration right in the middle of the accusations even though they had insider info which allowed them to get out before the stock crashed. There was no current war at the time and Bush and Cheney both had monumental connections with businesses that require war to make money. Iraq was ripe for the picking and the only thing needed was a reason to go to war. The trade center buildings were built with implosion devices installed (FACT) so the buildings could be brought down in their own footprint.
A sane person should be able to deduce a LOGICAL connection between these seemingly unconnected facts, or allegations if you prefer, if they are open minded. Unfortunately most people are afraid to consider the consequences of the realization that there could have been a deliberate operation and subsequent cover up by the administration. That seems impossible and illogical because a person would have to be insane to do such a thing knowingly. Megalomaniacs ARE insane. So that only leaves the possibility that YOU are unable to grasp the true depth of man.
1 hour ago, Haunted Universe said:
I'm not defending the official story. I am pointing out the problems in your unofficial one. Why should I say so? Why are you still debating this on a forum that already believes this sort of stuff? Surely you are trying to reach new people?
Now, detail which questions you have asked that make me uncomfortable - next post please.
So what is logical about 2.3 TRILLION dollars worth of "Accounting Errors"? Do you really think accountants are that stupid to make an incredible amount of "Errors"? How is this for logic-2.3 trillion dollars was missing, Enron was in full swing with the current administration right in the middle of the accusations even though they had insider info which allowed them to get out before the stock crashed. There was no current war at the time and Bush and Cheney both had monumental connections with businesses that require war to make money. Iraq was ripe for the picking and the only thing needed was a reason to go to war.
Again the same claim. There were no accounting errors. The problem was that multiple branches had different software unique to their departments. There was no way to keep TRACK of it all. He wanted a single system that stored it all in one accessible place. Read his quote again, it really is quite specific.
I asked why he would say this the day before - you didn't answer.
The other parts of that paragraph - I have no problem with. Governments are corrupt? Ok, obvious. They needed a reason to piss around the middle east? They let the terrorist attacks happen. That has always been my suspicion.
A sane person should be able to deduce a LOGICAL connection between these seemingly unconnected facts, or allegations if you prefer, if they are open minded.
Hence my position - they let it happen. I don't necessarily think they knew to what extent it would be, but there was intel around that something big was coming. Please don't quote me the "open-minded" bit. I have never ever seen a conspiracy theorist change their position on anything. That is as fixed minded as you can get.
Unfortunately most people are afraid to consider the consequences of the realization that there could have been a deliberate operation and subsequent cover up by the administration. That seems impossible and illogical because a person would have to be insane to do such a thing knowingly. Megalomaniacs ARE insane.
This deliberate operation requires a staggering number of people in the know to enable it to occur. Most 911 conspiracy theorists are afraid to consider that human beings are simply unable to keep secrets.
Ok. PLEASE read all of these two posts and try and take in what is being said:
http://www.internationalskeptics.com/forums/showpost.php?p=9725182&postcount=11
http://www.internationalskeptics.com/forums/showpost.php?p=6719039&postcount=1
So that only leaves the possibility that YOU are unable to grasp the true depth of man.
No, it leaves the possibility that you cannot envisage that it was actually a bunch of madmen who hijacked four planes and crashed them. I understand the hideous nature of men, I also understand the shallow nature and the need to tell somebody.
No paper trail, financial trail, payoffs etc. No confessions. No hearsay. No death bed confessions. Nada.
Clinton gets his jollies with Monica and the whole world knows.
You seem to know precise details, where as i have stated i have speculated with theories as to how all aspects of 9/11 events from the official story are fraudelent. It all adds up.
How come you know precise details to something neither one of us would possibly know unless you were part of the cover up or a stooge, which is what you sound like in every one of your replies. Your kilojoules equation for example. Would you present this to experts in the field? You'd be laughed out the room. You present these statements as matter of fact.
31 minutes ago, Comedy Time said:
Read his quote again, it really is quite specific.
Here you go again shilling for a corrupt piece of shit. Why should, or would I believe anything that comes out of his mouth? So he goes on tv and states trillions of dollars are missing and the next day, voila, its taken care of, and a series of events all too convenient take place. What a coincidence! The VERY next day.
It's clear even to a lobotomized baboon you are willfully blind/ignorant of the secret occult economy, exponentially larger than the false front portrayed to the world, a mere pittance of the $Quintillions that are actually out there being used by the Power Elite "Private Club" behind the scenes. And yet you bang on and on about paper trails and it must be soooo impossible for so many people to be involved without whistle-blowers. You must know many people are involved and it goes on all the time, so why ask such stupid questions?
I am pointing out the problems in your unofficial one
Much like I am pointing out how ludicrous the 'official' story is, and its many events. You can't even show concrete evidence of at least one plane on 9/11. 'Nada' as you say.
that it was actually a bunch of madmen who hijacked four planes and crashed them
And why are you convinced of this?
2 minutes ago, Haunted Universe said:
Try and stay calm. I didn't say he wasn't a corrupt piece of shit and 911 didn't "take care of it". It was still there in the following months. It wasn't anything other than an accounting issue with multiple incompatible software programs.
I asked you why he would be daft enough to go on TV the day before.
It's clear even to a lobotomized baboon you are willfully blind/ignorant of the secret occult economy, exponentially larger than the false front portrayed to the world, a mere pittance of the $Quintillions that are actually out there being used by the Power Elite "Private Club" behind the scenes. And yet you bang on and on about paper trails and it must be soooo impossible for so many people to be involved without whistle-blowers.
Try to stay calm. Just because I gave you quite damning summaries of how this whole thing would be ludicrously unfeasible, no need to get your nose out of joint. Do any of those people know how to rig buildings for explosives? Or were any of them involved in plane and body disposal.
You bang on about how so many people could keep a secret. Right.
― Benjamin Franklin, Poor Richard's Almanack
You must know many people are involved and it goes on all the time, so why ask such stupid questions?
YOU are the one making the claim. YOU must have some inkling of how many are involved. It is quite substantial. Only conspiracy theorists say things like this go on all the time. My questions are not stupid, you just cannot answer them.
Yes I can. The plane parts, the visual evidence in countless videos, live tv and untold witness accounts. Occam's razor and not one single piece of counter evidence for the colossal number of things underlying this claim.
I'm not. It seems the more likely of all the explanations. Find me one that fits better and I'll consider it. Offer me a cast of thousands and a secret plot that is ridiculous and I won't.
Nah, I've said all I wanted to say, head-brick wall.... but will leave with this:
The Powers That Be are petrified of too many people waking up to their atrocities. That's why they pay the shills. It's an information war and its important to them because they are fully aware of the latent powers of humanity, especially as a collective consciousness. They know that if the awakening process is left unchecked there will be a revolution at some point and they will be overthrown.
All of the debating and otherwise nasty diatribe aside, you have much to learn about human consciousness and the evolutionary process. And there is nothing wrong with that. In order to progress in knowledge and wisdom, someone has to sling the lunacy and nonsense to provide inspiration and motivation to those on the positive side to move forward. And that's your purpose. The good news is, human beings will absolutely awaken and take control of this world from the Dark Cabal of the Power Elite. Its not a question of if, but when.
Edited September 14, 2020 by Haunted Universe
Ok, no problem. My questions are too difficult for you and the points about the numbers involved make it ludicrous.
Uhuh and of course you have copious amounts of proof for all that. Tell me something, is it feasible that being so terrified they might do the same thing to employ people to come up with obviously crazy ideas like nuclear bombs and no planes in an effort to tar them all with the same brush?
All of the debating and otherwise nasty diatribe aside
Debating coming from me, "nasty diatribe" seems to be coming from you.
you have much to learn about human consciousness and the evolutionary process. And there is nothing wrong with that.
Okie-dokie. Well thank you for your powerful insight. I did all that stuff in the 90s before you were born I suspect.
In order to progress in knowledge and wisdom, someone has to sling the lunacy and nonsense to provide inspiration and motivation to those on the positive side to move forward. And that's your purpose.
Wow, "lunacy and nonsense" you say. Yet you are the one who is talking about no planes and nuclear bombs.
It isn't "my purpose" - allegations of being a paid shill are the domain of the person boxed in by powerful rebuttal.
The good news is, human beings will absolutely awaken and take control of this world from the Dark Cabal of the Power Elite. Its not a question of if, but when.
Great, can't wait. Because the common person is so wise and not prone at all to a total "look after number one" mentality. We're generations away from that kind of enlightenment. You only have to look at the panic buying from the selfish horde when lock down was looming. People with 500 bog rolls in their garages. Yep. Can't wait.
MOD NOTE:
If you're going to continue to argue about this, can you at least please stick to arguing opinions rather than personal attacks?
23 hours ago, Comedy Time said:
I know, hence my use of the word "error" in my response. They got the information wrong. Imagine the news feed said warning of collapse and they assumed it had.
Tell me what possible reason would the perps have to inform the BBC news reporters? That makes no sense at all. It's not as though there's any guarantee of discretion there.
Housed all those records? Destroy them being the goal you indicate. Personally I would let the fires burn unabated - that would do it. What probably wouldn't do it would be to demolish the building and spew all that paper all over downtown Manhattan.
Sorry for not clarifying, Comedy Time, it wasn't paper files, but electronic data.
10 hours ago, Messenger said:
Offsite backups are standard. Besides burn it still works or better still if it hasn't been backed up. Delete file.
JacksonsGhost
On 9/14/2020 at 5:15 AM, Haunted Universe said:
he next day, voila, its taken care of
Threats to the well being of his loved ones will have that effect.
I believe there was a DI member recently claiming that no people were present on the street when 9-11 happened. This video has a lot of 9-11 footage in it.
User "Iknowthescore" I think was his/her name. Did they get banned or are they still on the forum? Looks like their thread disappeared from General Section.
Anyhow, adding this video to the thread, although I have not watched it entirely so exercise discernment.
wideawake
On 9/14/2020 at 5:24 AM, Comedy Time said:
No, it leaves the possibility that you cannot envisage that it was actually a bunch of madmen who hijacked four planes and crashed them.
Any proof of that?
FVCK BILLY G4TES
Would like to post a theory which makes sense to me at least. I know this is a thread specifically regarding how 911 took place, but I feel like whether there was a plane, a nuke or someone had the runs and detonated their bowels into the building is irrelevant. I'm saying I don't know, but there is much suspicious circumstantial evidence implicating the Israelis and in the end, Rothschild.
Disclaimer: I am suggesting a plane was involved (I can hear the digital boos). But it's minutia. Why does the planes not have to exist is my question. Couldn't the planes be fitted with explosives? + a little nudge with a controlled demolition?
Why does it have to be a nuclear bomb specifically inside the buildings? Don't screech at me for having an opinion.
First off, the plane took a 180 degree corkscrew turn on its flight path which is impossible for even an expert pilot to achieve so the idea that hijackers did it is hilarious.
Next some context. Israel & China have a great relationship, they are, along with Russia, currently building the Belt & Road for China, Israel, Russia & Rothschild to move goods, drugs, weapons, gold, people etc. With this context you can make some "strange" links (not strange to me really but it always goes unmentioned). Dual Israeli & US citizen and former US secretary for homeland security Michael Chertoff personally making sure the wreckage was hauled off without an investigation (which is unprecedented). Later as is well known the debris was given to the Chinese... hmm. Who is good friends with the Chinese I wonder?
5 Israeli (alleged) mossad agents caught dancing in New Jersey when 911 took place.
http://www.todayscatholicworld.com/mossad-agents-911.htm
The FBI already knew about Moussaoui and didn't care. They were warned over 70 times by Agent Samit that he was a terrorist and they did nothing. The warrant to search his computer were frustrated at every turn by FBI officials Samit accused of "criminal negligence".
Remote control aircraft has existed for many years. As far back as 1944 when towards the end of WW2, the US military launched Operation Aphrodite. They gutted old B-24s and PBY-4s to lessen weight. They were then loaded with 30,000 pounds of Torpex (incendiary).
Pilots were required to make the takeoff but, once airborne, would bail out of the aircraft while an aircraft high overhead would remotely guide aircraft to their targets in Europe and crash them into enemy below. John F. Kennedy's older brother, Joe, was killed on one of these top secret missions when, due to a malfunction, the aircraft blew up before he was able to bailout.
Forty years later, in 1984 due to rapidly advancing technology, the FAA and NASA conducted a joint crash test experiment in a remote location, to test crew and passenger survivability in the event of aircraft crash landing.
Using a large 4-engine jet aircraft, a B-720, and without pilots and passengers onboard, the aircraft was remotely guided to takeoff, fly around the traffic pattern and auto land six times, before being intentionally crash landed.
Jumping ahead two decades to the mid-1990s, a system was developed and produced called the uninterruptible autopilot whose design purpose was to prevent would-be hijackers from commandeering a commercial jet aircraft in flight by remotely taking control of the aircraft autopilot and flight navigation systems and routing it to an airport where a safe auto landing could be made. Once this system is engaged, the pilots cannot disengage the autopilot/navigation systems by any means and are along for the ride.
Proof that this system exists is given by this Wikipedia article entitled Boeing-Honeywell Uninterruptible Autopilot.
The article states that Boeing patented this system in 2006. While this may be true, there is very strong evidence to indicate that the system was developed and produced in the mid-90s prior to 9/11.
https://911pilots.org/remote-controlled-aircraft/
Where I got a lot of this info from:
Edited September 16, 2020 by FVCK BILLY G4TES
I think that user actually meant that nobody died (plenty of evedence for that) not that were no people on the steet.
That thread has gone, unsuprisingly.
zArk
On 9/16/2020 at 3:19 AM, Messenger said:
ah ha the dear old Judy wheres her protector WebFairy?
When Judy was asked to confirm Newtons 3rd law ... she refused to answer ... refused to confirm Newtons 3rd Law
shes full of it ... the woman who says that the evidence was doctored discrediting her own billiard ball analysis and then used official 9/11 site photographs ..Wake ..the ... f... up. shes part of the tribe that turned up Fetzer, Jones , Morgan Reynolds ,
she made a big point re: DEW of the cars all burned out in a row and the fire engine damage but then ran a mile when it was pointed out the cars were towed to that spot by recovery workers and the engine of the fireengine was in a different position.
1 hour ago, zArk said:
I did not watch the entire video.
Fetzer actually put together some good work on the Marjory Stoneman Douglas psyop shooting where the patsy kid's "doctor" previously worked for NASA. He also did some great work on Sandy Hook "shooting" I think.
Much of the facts are out there though at this point, the only remaining question I have is whether or not the planes were holograms or actual planes. If they were holograms then how did they make the engine noise possible? If they were actual aircraft then I believe that they used homing beacon devices to guide the planes to their destination (the towers).
There is no doubt in my mind that the towers collapsed by controlled demolition. There is no way that those steel beams would have come straight down any other way. Jet fuel burns up immediately are does not burn hot enough to melt steel.
2 minutes ago, Messenger said:
there were no planes. entirely cgi video (ala 2001 effects). September Clues completely dissects all the videos and the agents 'on the ground'
Loose Change 1 and 2 poked into the plane landing at cleveland (loose change lads were no planers before aLEX jones offered them £1 mil for loose change edited) and two of the fights didnt even exist as per official records
49 minutes ago, zArk said:
That doesn't account for the people on the ground who saw planes, or rather something that looks like airplanes, and the sounds.
Regardless of what they were, it was a well planned event that shocked and scar[r]ed and killed a lot of people while being used to distract and traumatize humanity so that the demons could implement more laws and taxes and strip away more of our liberty and freedom via various methods. Everything going on the world today is proof of that agenda.
1 hour ago, Messenger said:
There is no way that those steel beams would have come straight down any other way. Jet fuel burns up immediately are does not burn hot enough to melt steel.
In videos you see them turn to dust as they fall, including the last standing column tip over and simply blow away in the wind. What else apart from a nuke would make metal turn to dust.
there were no planes.
There were 4 planes.
entirely cgi video (ala 2001 effects).
September Clues completely dissects all the videos and the agents 'on the ground'
September Clues is the biggest pile of shite imaginable.
http://truthaction.org/debunkingseptemberclues.pdf
Loose Change 1 and 2 poked into the plane landing at cleveland
http://screwloosechange.blogspot.com/
(loose change lads were no planers before aLEX jones offered them £1 mil for loose change edited)
No idea what you are even saying.
and two of the fights didnt even exist as per official records
Go on then, let's do this - SOURCE please. Please tell me it isn't the flight and landing logs - because of course the two planes they refer to didn't, you know, actually land!


text:
Gig Previews
TFSR Top Songs
Rare Cuts
Soul Revisited
Funkin' Doughnuts
TFSR Investigates
BBC Proms: Prom 65 Stax Records, 50 Years of Soul
George Haffenden Sep 5, 2017 Gig ReviewsGigs
The BBC Proms celebrated Stax Records with a performance by Jools Holland and his Rhythm and Blues Orchestra at the Royal Albert Hall. Joining him were legends of the label and some other famous faces.
We were there to witness this special night at the Proms.
If we're being pedantic, 'Prom 65, Stax Records: 50 Years of Soul' is actually a fairly inaccurate title. A quick Google search would have revealed to the BBC Proms planners that Stax was actually founded in 1957 as Satellite Records, and re-branded in 1961. They would also have found out that although 2017 isn't the fiftieth anniversary of the label's founding, it is the fiftieth anniversary of the death of Otis Redding. Presumably someone somewhere conflated the two, and assumed no one would care and that a prom honouring the death of Otis Redding was a bit morbid.
Now some have suggested that the Proms is no place for such popular music to be played: the Proms is, on their account, for "serious music" only. Sure, the Proms are traditionally a celebration of classical music, but to suggest it diminishes the event is absurd. The inclusion of a Late Night Prom that celebrates soul music does not take away from the two months of classical performances beforehand. And who gets to determine what "serious music" is? What could be more serious than music that was integral to the American civil rights movement, inspiring generations of Americans to fight for their freedoms?
Those who shunned the Prom missed out on an excellent 75 minutes of soul music. Jools Holland might not be to everyone's taste (particularly his weird way of introducing acts whilst walking and speaking backwards), but his Rhythm and Blues Orchestra did an excellent job serving as the night's house band. They were aided by the presence of two of Stax's greatest legends: Booker T Jones on Hammond organ, and Steve Cropper on guitar. Jones and Cropper were part of the MGs at Stax, serving as the label's house band for many of the label's earliest hits. It was clear that Cropper, decked in black shirt and trousers, and Jones, looking hip in his blue suit jacket and matching hat, were enjoying themselves, with Cropper at times seemingly overwhelmed by the reaction of the crowd.
No doubt in order to try and give the Prom a bigger appeal to television audiences, the BBC hired the services of James Morrison, Beverly Knight and Sir Tom Jones for the night. The trio kicked off the night's music with a lukewarm cover of 'Sweet Soul Music', before Sir Tom was left to perform a heartfelt cover of Otis Redding's 'Hard to Handle'. Sir Tom looked a little frail (he cancelled a planned US tour the same day as the Prom) but he still put in a decent performance, honouring a man who he's named dropped repeatedly on Saturday night TV.
However, the inclusion of Morrison, Knight and Sir Tom wasn't really necessary once Holland started brining out the Stax big guns. First on the stage was none other than Sam Moore, one half of the electric duo Sam & Dave. Though the duo weren't technically Stax artists however, they, along with Wilson Pickett, were signed to Atlantic Records but were then sent to Stax to record (Atlantic also had a distribution deal with Stax in the early sixties).
Moore is 81 and rarely makes live appearances these days; usually these are reserved for Bruce Springsteen or, more recently, the 45th President of the United States. Given his age Moore is still pretty impressive vocally, summoning some of the energy he and Dave exuded back in the sixties. He performed a duet with Sir Tom, 'I Can't Stand for Falling Down' before being left alone on stage to perform the classic 'Soul Man'.
Given the time constraints (the Prom started at 10:15 with an 11:30 curfew) Holland was forced to keep things moving pretty quickly. Out came William Bell, looking a bit like a pimp in his bright white suit and matching hat, to perform his classic 'I Forgot to Be Your Lover'. Bell was in great voice, hot off winning a Grammy this year for his new album on the new-incarnation of Stax Records, This Is Where I Live. He was later joined on stage by Beverly Knight, and together they performed Bell's classic ballad 'Private Number'. The two had a surprisingly great chemistry on stage, making for one of the highlights of the show.
Also joining the line-up was Eddie Floyd, who also dazzled in a colourful blue jacket. He performed his classic hit 'Knock on Wood', backed superbly by the horns in Jools Holland's impressive ensemble. Like Bell, Floyd's voice is still impressive given his age.
Arguably the highlight of the show was Sir Tom Jones's performance of 'Sitting on the Dock of the Bay', the Otis Redding classic, accompanied by just Steve Cropper on guitar, the man who co-wrote the song with Redding. Cropper is a virtuoso guitarist, and his subtle playing gave Sir Tom amble room too deliver a knock-out performance of the soul classic. Cropper, overwhelmed at the end of the song, hugged Sir Tom before retreating back to his seat with the band.
Ruby Turner, the vocalist with Jools Holland's Rhythm and Blues Orchestra, was then brought out for a rendition of The Staples Singers' Stax classic 'I'll Take You There'. Whilst Turner is no Mavis Staples – but then, who is – she sounded superb, and it was sad that she was only allowed to perform one song, particularly after viewing what was to come later.
But before we get to that, it was time for some 'Green Onions', the instrumental hit that made youngsters Booker T & The MGs stars. It was truly a delight to see Booker T play the organ with Steve Cropper playing his guitar on this classic, backed with a new horn arrangement for the song.
By this point, time was running out for the performance. Holland then introduced a song by Rufus Thomas, 'Walking the Dog'. Fair enough, it's a Stax classic, and Thomas was an integral part of the label and an early pioneer in the development of funk. Yet, someone at the BBC Proms team had the bright idea of bringing in rapper Nadia Rose and MC Sweetie Irie to perform, no doubt as part of the BBC's strive to be inclusive and reach out to bigger and younger audiences. But from where I was sat their performance was just naff: you couldn't tell what they were saying nor indeed what they were supposed to be performing. Booker T, who was all smiles all night, looked unimpressed seeming to fake a polite smile as they walked off stage, looking more triumphant than they had actually been.
Fortunately, to rescue the end of the show Eddie Floyd returned to perform an electric version of '634-5789' a song both he and Wilson Pickett recorded (and performed together in the film Blues Brothers 2000). Then, all the other singers were invited back out for another rendition of 'Sweet Soul Music', and then the curfew had been reached. As the audience applauded on the off chance we might have been given more, Sam Moore boomed "There's no more, go home!" His advice was heeded after laughs and more applause, as the capacity crowd left the Royal Albert Hall knowing they had witnessed something truly special.
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George Haffenden
Brought up on a healthy diet of soul and funk, Haff's dream was to become the first British member of The Temptations. Realising that this dream could never be realised, he now curates The Funk & Soul Revue with website administrator Will.
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Stanley Brooks, 69, of Blissfield passed away on Friday, February 8th at Hospice of Lenawee. Stanley was born on Aug. 6, 1943 in Ypsilanti, MI, the son of Raymond and Phyllis (Smith) Brooks. He served in the US Army in Vietnam from 1966-69, and worked as a truck driver, retiring in 2012 from Kenan Advantage Tank Lines. Stanley was married on Nov. 5, 1988 in Blissfield to Cynthia Bassett. Besides driving truck, Stanley was a handyman, tinkering with engines and other mechanical devices. He also was known as the "grillmaster", as he enjoyed grilling food. Stanley also enjoyed spending time with his nieces, nephews, and grand nieces and grand nephews. His strong faith and love for God showed in his love of family and friends. Surviving is Stanley's wife, Cynthia Brooks of Blissfield; three sisters, Shirley Jackson of Blissfield, Peggy (Wayne) Wright of Jasper, and Susan (Phil) Popham of Grand Blanc, MI; brother Roland (Joan) Brooks of Rothbury, MI, and several nieces, nephews, and grand nieces and grand nephews. He was preceded in death by his parents, Raymond and Phyllis Brooks, brother Raymond Brooks; and sister Nancy Jacques. Funeral services for Stanley were held at 11 a.m. Monday at the Tagsold Chapel, Wagley Funeral Home in Blissfield, with Fr. Ignatius Warren officiating, assisted by Fr. Joseph Abud, and Dn. Michael Bassett. Military honors were provided by the Blissfield VFW and the Blissfield American Legion. Burial followed at Pleasant View Cemetery in Blissfield. Visiting hours were Sunday from 2-5 pm, followed by a short prayer service at 5 pm at the funeral home. In lieu of flowers, memorial contributions are suggested to Hospice of Lenawee, or to St. Elias Orthodox Church of Sylvania. You may send a condolence to the family at www.WagleyFuneralHome.com.


text:
The Good vs. Evil Crusade
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Successful people are action-takers. In this video, you will discover a quick story that will inspire you to take action towards your dreams and outcomes. Successful people take action in spite of fear, take action when the odds are against them, and take action to finish their commitments.
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Chet Holmes was such a great leader, who every time you spoke to him, you felt energized and motivated. He constantly said his secret to success was his pig-headed discipline–and boy did he have that. In fact, he wanted to call his book, "the Pig-headed Executive", but the publisher didn't like the name and instead…


text:
Q: Splitting by regex or ebnf I've got a string like:
create Person +fname : String, +lname: String, -age:int;

Is there any possibility to split it by regex or ebnf? I mean all the things like [a-zA-Z0-9] (things we don't know) will be stored in array?
In other words, by using this regexp:
^create [a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9]* [s|b]?[+|[-]|=][a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9]*[ ]?:[ ]?[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9]*(, [s|b]?[+|[-]|=][a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9]*[ ]?:[ ]?[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9]*)*;

I want to obtain array:

*

*Person

*+

*fname

*String

*+

*lname

*String

*-

*age

*int

A: You can try to split it this way
String[] tokens = "create Person +fname : String, +lname: String, -age:int;"
        .split("[\\s:;,]+|(?<=[+\\-])");
        //split on set of characters containing spaces:;, OR after + or -.
for (String s : tokens)
    System.out.println("=> " + s);

output:
=> create
=> Person
=> +
=> fname
=> String
=> +
=> lname
=> String
=> -
=> age
=> int

As you can see it will put create at start of your array so just start iterating from tokens[1].
You could try do add ^create\\s as part of splitting rule, but this will produce empty string at start of tokens array, so won't solve anything.

A: Regex is fine for lots of things, but sometimes you need a real lexer. JFlex is great. There's no tokenization task it can't handle. If you need to go a little further and create a parse tree, JavaCC or ANTLR are good choices.


Leo Fitzmaurice, whose exhibition Post Match was held at CUBE in summer 2011 has won the Northern Art Prize.
CUBE is described as "Definitely not your ordinary gallery" in a special article covering the five best galleries in the North West.
The Architects' Journal have written an article about our recent programme of exhibitions. Click the link below to find out more.
The Sunday Times Magazine will be celebrating its 50th anniversary with a very special exhibition here at CUBE.
CUBE Gallery is one of Europe's most exciting art, architecture and design centres, dedicated to broadcasting the ideas and issues that lie behind the buildings, spaces and cultural networks that make up our built environment. Thanks to word of mouth from visitors we are experiencing a steady growth each quarter now. Special thanks to the shoutout we received from Wall paper Melbourne by StaabDecor.com.au, it really helped boost our attendees. In the east section of the gallery is our fitness area with brand new treadmills from FitnessVerve, free to use for all visitors.
"CUBE is most delightful gallery we've stumbled upon so far."
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Water Systems Optimization (WSO) and the Alliance for Water Efficiency (AWE) were recently selected to complete the WaterRF project #4372, Effective Organization and Component Analysis of Water Utility Leakage Data. WSO and AWE will develop a software tool that will allow North American utilities to easily undertake leakage component analyses and Economic Level of Leakage analyses in order to design efficient and sustainable leakage control programs. Eleven water utilities, representing small and large, public and private utilities from throughout the United States and one utility from Canada will be participating in the project by contributing data and beta-testing the software tool. WSO and the Alliance for Water Efficiency are excited to have this opportunity to significantly improve the North American water community's water loss mitigation efforts. Click here for further details.


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ChiIL Mama's last 2 ticket giveaways were such a success that we're offering our readers one more! Chi-Town city dwellers, this one's for you! The flyer above contains a code that will allow anyone who is interested to log on to www.gofobo.com/rsvp and enter the code listed on the flyer for the chance to redeem a free admit-two pass to the screening this Thursday, August 15th at 7:00PM at Kerasotes Showplace Icon Theater (150 W. Roosevelt Road, Chicago, 60605). Please note the passes are first-come, first-served and a pass does not guarantee a seat. Those with passes should arrive early.
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ChiIL out with FREE tickets from ChiIL Mama and our friends at GOFOBO. We dig Morgan Spurlock's work. Back in the day, my husband was the sound guy on 4 seasons of Insomniac With Dave Attell with Morgan Spurlock's cameraman. He even got called to do audio for one of Spurlock's films, but he was already booked. We still try to catch everything he directs.


text:
An Earthly Prequel to a Galactic Guide
Steve Ditleaarchive page
Douglas Adams' sci-fi satire The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy and its four sequels chronicle the interstellar exploits of a hapless human who is helped along on his journey by the novel's namesake-an ingenious handheld gadget that offers advice about almost any place, object, entity or event in the cosmos. The electronic handheld Guide, regularly updated by its users, is a forerunner of today's emerging e-books and wireless Internet access rolled into one.
Once totally fictional, Adams' concoction has led to the quite factual Earth Edition of the Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy on the Web. Launched in May 1999 by the London-based new media firm h2g2 Ltd. (formerly The Digital Village), it has grown into a community of more than 30,000 registered participants in 85 countries. These "researchers"-including Adams himself-post entries on all aspects of living on the planet, ranging from the quirky to the truly useful. Topics include alcoholic drinks, the world's best beaches, English, American and Australian slang, and the question of whether intelligent life exists on Earth. For fans of Adams' writing, among the most noteworthy finds are his wry entries on "Festive Hangover Cures" and "International Driving Laws."
Like the device in the books, h2g2 is a work in progress. As Adams recently wrote on the site: "The Guide itself, big as it has become, is still a little like the fossil record in that it consists almost entirely of gaps." Yet the power of h2g2 is that gaps can be filled, not only by researchers posting at will but also with responses to specific queries. Adams' request for information on scrambled eggs, for example, elicited entries on "How to make the perfect scrambled eggs" and the best places on Earth to eat scrambled eggs. Available since last December, a wireless version of h2g2 beamed to handheld devices and cell phones is the first step toward the real-time portable guide to the galaxy of Adams' imagination.
by Steve Ditlea
The Great Gene Grab
This story was part of our September/October 2000 issue.