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Q: Testnet Binance Future : Invalid API-key, IP, or permissions for action I spent a whole day solving this problem and still have not found any solution. I do not know why I did not see any similar case in Demo testnet.binancefuture. I created four accounts with different Gmails on different servers...
    from binance.client import Client
    import pandas as pd

    API_Key = "edaa7f57569ed1dabf45a7e03e494493d61f33ee977df2f747455413323314e2"
    API_Secret = "3ec5f4e8d00fa5a58b5e017b59ebb267ef1e838915402c2b631016ea7802637c"

    client = Client(API_Key, API_Secret , testnet=True)

    print(client.get_server_time())
    print(client.get_exchange_info())
    print(client.get_symbol_info('BTCUSDT'))
    print(client.get_all_tickers())

    info = client.get_account()
    print(info)
    df = pd.DataFrame(info["balances"])
    df["free"] = df["free"].astype(float)
    df = df[df["free"] > 0]
    print(df)

    client.create_order(symbol = "BTCUSDT", quantity = 0.01, type = "MARKET", side= "SELL")

    open_orders = client.get_open_orders(symbol = "BTCUSDT")
    print("open orders BTCUSDT  :",open_orders)

    open_order = client.get_open_orders()
    print("open orders :",open_order)

but I get this error:
    {'serverTime': 1644080280117}
    {'timezone': 'UTC', 'serverTime': 1644080280882, 'rateLimits': [{'rateLimitType': 'REQUEST_WEIGHT', 'interval': 'MINUTE', 'intervalNum': 1, 'limit': 1200}, {'rateLimitType': 'ORDERS', 'interval': 'SECOND', 'intervalNum': 10, 'limit': 50}, {'rateLimitType': 'ORDERS', 'interval': 'DAY', 'intervalNum': 1, 'limit': 160000}], 'exchangeFilters': [], 'symbols': [{'symbol': 'BNBBUSD', 'status': 'TRADING', 'baseAsset': 'BNB', 'baseAssetPrecision': 8, 'quoteAsset': 'BUSD', 'quotePrecision': 8, 'quoteAssetPrecision': 8, 'baseCommissionPrecision': 8, 'quoteCommissionPrecision': 8, 'orderTypes': ['LIMIT', 'LIMIT_MAKER', 'MARKET', 'STOP_LOSS_LIMIT', 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'], 'icebergAllowed': True, 'ocoAllowed': True, 'quoteOrderQtyMarketAllowed': True, 'isSpotTradingAllowed': True, 'isMarginTradingAllowed': False, 'filters': [{'filterType': 'PRICE_FILTER', 'minPrice': '0.01000000', 'maxPrice': '10000.00000000', 'tickSize': '0.01000000'}, {'filterType': 'PERCENT_PRICE', 'multiplierUp': '5', 'multiplierDown': '0.2', 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.01000000', 'maxQty': '9000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.01000000'}, {'filterType': 'MIN_NOTIONAL', 'minNotional': '10.00000000', 'applyToMarket': True, 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'ICEBERG_PARTS', 'limit': 10}, {'filterType': 'MARKET_LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.00000000', 'maxQty': '1000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.00000000'}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ORDERS', 'maxNumOrders': 200}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ALGO_ORDERS', 'maxNumAlgoOrders': 5}], 'permissions': ['SPOT']}, {'symbol': 'BTCBUSD', 'status': 'TRADING', 'baseAsset': 'BTC', 'baseAssetPrecision': 8, 'quoteAsset': 'BUSD', 'quotePrecision': 8, 'quoteAssetPrecision': 8, 'baseCommissionPrecision': 8, 'quoteCommissionPrecision': 8, 'orderTypes': ['LIMIT', 'LIMIT_MAKER', 'MARKET', 'STOP_LOSS_LIMIT', 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'], 'icebergAllowed': True, 'ocoAllowed': True, 'quoteOrderQtyMarketAllowed': True, 'isSpotTradingAllowed': True, 'isMarginTradingAllowed': False, 'filters': [{'filterType': 'PRICE_FILTER', 'minPrice': '0.01000000', 'maxPrice': '1000000.00000000', 'tickSize': '0.01000000'}, {'filterType': 'PERCENT_PRICE', 'multiplierUp': '5', 'multiplierDown': '0.2', 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.00000100', 'maxQty': '900.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.00000100'}, {'filterType': 'MIN_NOTIONAL', 'minNotional': '10.00000000', 'applyToMarket': True, 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'ICEBERG_PARTS', 'limit': 10}, {'filterType': 'MARKET_LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.00000000', 'maxQty': '100.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.00000000'}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ORDERS', 'maxNumOrders': 200}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ALGO_ORDERS', 'maxNumAlgoOrders': 5}], 'permissions': ['SPOT']}, {'symbol': 'ETHBUSD', 'status': 'TRADING', 'baseAsset': 'ETH', 'baseAssetPrecision': 8, 'quoteAsset': 'BUSD', 'quotePrecision': 8, 'quoteAssetPrecision': 8, 'baseCommissionPrecision': 8, 'quoteCommissionPrecision': 8, 'orderTypes': ['LIMIT', 'LIMIT_MAKER', 'MARKET', 'STOP_LOSS_LIMIT', 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'], 'icebergAllowed': True, 'ocoAllowed': True, 'quoteOrderQtyMarketAllowed': True, 'isSpotTradingAllowed': True, 'isMarginTradingAllowed': False, 'filters': [{'filterType': 'PRICE_FILTER', 'minPrice': '0.01000000', 'maxPrice': '100000.00000000', 'tickSize': '0.01000000'}, {'filterType': 'PERCENT_PRICE', 'multiplierUp': '5', 'multiplierDown': '0.2', 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.00001000', 'maxQty': '9000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.00001000'}, {'filterType': 'MIN_NOTIONAL', 'minNotional': '10.00000000', 'applyToMarket': True, 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'ICEBERG_PARTS', 'limit': 10}, {'filterType': 'MARKET_LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.00000000', 'maxQty': '1000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.00000000'}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ORDERS', 'maxNumOrders': 200}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ALGO_ORDERS', 'maxNumAlgoOrders': 5}], 'permissions': ['SPOT']}, {'symbol': 'LTCBUSD', 'status': 'TRADING', 'baseAsset': 'LTC', 'baseAssetPrecision': 8, 'quoteAsset': 'BUSD', 'quotePrecision': 8, 'quoteAssetPrecision': 8, 'baseCommissionPrecision': 8, 'quoteCommissionPrecision': 8, 'orderTypes': ['LIMIT', 'LIMIT_MAKER', 'MARKET', 'STOP_LOSS_LIMIT', 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'], 'icebergAllowed': True, 'ocoAllowed': True, 'quoteOrderQtyMarketAllowed': True, 'isSpotTradingAllowed': True, 'isMarginTradingAllowed': False, 'filters': [{'filterType': 'PRICE_FILTER', 'minPrice': '0.01000000', 'maxPrice': '100000.00000000', 'tickSize': '0.01000000'}, {'filterType': 'PERCENT_PRICE', 'multiplierUp': '5', 'multiplierDown': '0.2', 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.00001000', 'maxQty': '9000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.00001000'}, {'filterType': 'MIN_NOTIONAL', 'minNotional': '10.00000000', 'applyToMarket': True, 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'ICEBERG_PARTS', 'limit': 10}, {'filterType': 'MARKET_LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.00000000', 'maxQty': '1000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.00000000'}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ORDERS', 'maxNumOrders': 200}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ALGO_ORDERS', 'maxNumAlgoOrders': 5}], 'permissions': ['SPOT']}, {'symbol': 'TRXBUSD', 'status': 'TRADING', 'baseAsset': 'TRX', 'baseAssetPrecision': 8, 'quoteAsset': 'BUSD', 'quotePrecision': 8, 'quoteAssetPrecision': 8, 'baseCommissionPrecision': 8, 'quoteCommissionPrecision': 8, 'orderTypes': ['LIMIT', 'LIMIT_MAKER', 'MARKET', 'STOP_LOSS_LIMIT', 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'], 'icebergAllowed': True, 'ocoAllowed': True, 'quoteOrderQtyMarketAllowed': True, 'isSpotTradingAllowed': True, 'isMarginTradingAllowed': False, 'filters': [{'filterType': 'PRICE_FILTER', 'minPrice': '0.00001000', 'maxPrice': '1000.00000000', 'tickSize': '0.00001000'}, {'filterType': 'PERCENT_PRICE', 'multiplierUp': '5', 'multiplierDown': '0.2', 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.10000000', 'maxQty': '90000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.10000000'}, {'filterType': 'MIN_NOTIONAL', 'minNotional': '10.00000000', 'applyToMarket': True, 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'ICEBERG_PARTS', 'limit': 10}, {'filterType': 'MARKET_LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.00000000', 'maxQty': '10000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.00000000'}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ORDERS', 'maxNumOrders': 200}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ALGO_ORDERS', 'maxNumAlgoOrders': 5}], 'permissions': ['SPOT']}, {'symbol': 'XRPBUSD', 'status': 'TRADING', 'baseAsset': 'XRP', 'baseAssetPrecision': 8, 'quoteAsset': 'BUSD', 'quotePrecision': 8, 'quoteAssetPrecision': 8, 'baseCommissionPrecision': 8, 'quoteCommissionPrecision': 8, 'orderTypes': ['LIMIT', 'LIMIT_MAKER', 'MARKET', 'STOP_LOSS_LIMIT', 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'], 'icebergAllowed': True, 'ocoAllowed': True, 'quoteOrderQtyMarketAllowed': True, 'isSpotTradingAllowed': True, 'isMarginTradingAllowed': False, 'filters': [{'filterType': 'PRICE_FILTER', 'minPrice': '0.00010000', 'maxPrice': '1000.00000000', 'tickSize': '0.00010000'}, {'filterType': 'PERCENT_PRICE', 'multiplierUp': '5', 'multiplierDown': '0.2', 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.10000000', 'maxQty': '90000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.10000000'}, {'filterType': 'MIN_NOTIONAL', 'minNotional': '10.00000000', 'applyToMarket': True, 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'ICEBERG_PARTS', 'limit': 10}, {'filterType': 'MARKET_LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.00000000', 'maxQty': '10000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.00000000'}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ORDERS', 'maxNumOrders': 200}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ALGO_ORDERS', 'maxNumAlgoOrders': 5}], 'permissions': ['SPOT']}, {'symbol': 'BNBUSDT', 'status': 'TRADING', 'baseAsset': 'BNB', 'baseAssetPrecision': 8, 'quoteAsset': 'USDT', 'quotePrecision': 8, 'quoteAssetPrecision': 8, 'baseCommissionPrecision': 8, 'quoteCommissionPrecision': 8, 'orderTypes': ['LIMIT', 'LIMIT_MAKER', 'MARKET', 'STOP_LOSS_LIMIT', 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'], 'icebergAllowed': True, 'ocoAllowed': True, 'quoteOrderQtyMarketAllowed': True, 'isSpotTradingAllowed': True, 'isMarginTradingAllowed': False, 'filters': [{'filterType': 'PRICE_FILTER', 'minPrice': '0.01000000', 'maxPrice': '10000.00000000', 'tickSize': '0.01000000'}, {'filterType': 'PERCENT_PRICE', 'multiplierUp': '5', 'multiplierDown': '0.2', 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.01000000', 'maxQty': '9000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.01000000'}, {'filterType': 'MIN_NOTIONAL', 'minNotional': '10.00000000', 'applyToMarket': True, 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'ICEBERG_PARTS', 'limit': 10}, {'filterType': 'MARKET_LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.00000000', 'maxQty': '1000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.00000000'}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ORDERS', 'maxNumOrders': 200}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ALGO_ORDERS', 'maxNumAlgoOrders': 5}], 'permissions': ['SPOT']}, {'symbol': 'BTCUSDT', 'status': 'TRADING', 'baseAsset': 'BTC', 'baseAssetPrecision': 8, 'quoteAsset': 'USDT', 'quotePrecision': 8, 'quoteAssetPrecision': 8, 'baseCommissionPrecision': 8, 'quoteCommissionPrecision': 8, 'orderTypes': ['LIMIT', 'LIMIT_MAKER', 'MARKET', 'STOP_LOSS_LIMIT', 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'], 'icebergAllowed': True, 'ocoAllowed': True, 'quoteOrderQtyMarketAllowed': True, 'isSpotTradingAllowed': True, 'isMarginTradingAllowed': False, 'filters': [{'filterType': 'PRICE_FILTER', 'minPrice': '0.01000000', 'maxPrice': '1000000.00000000', 'tickSize': '0.01000000'}, {'filterType': 'PERCENT_PRICE', 'multiplierUp': '5', 'multiplierDown': '0.2', 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.00000100', 'maxQty': '900.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.00000100'}, {'filterType': 'MIN_NOTIONAL', 'minNotional': '10.00000000', 'applyToMarket': True, 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'ICEBERG_PARTS', 'limit': 10}, {'filterType': 'MARKET_LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.00000000', 'maxQty': '100.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.00000000'}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ORDERS', 'maxNumOrders': 200}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ALGO_ORDERS', 'maxNumAlgoOrders': 5}], 'permissions': ['SPOT']}, {'symbol': 'ETHUSDT', 'status': 'TRADING', 'baseAsset': 'ETH', 'baseAssetPrecision': 8, 'quoteAsset': 'USDT', 'quotePrecision': 8, 'quoteAssetPrecision': 8, 'baseCommissionPrecision': 8, 'quoteCommissionPrecision': 8, 'orderTypes': ['LIMIT', 'LIMIT_MAKER', 'MARKET', 'STOP_LOSS_LIMIT', 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'], 'icebergAllowed': True, 'ocoAllowed': True, 'quoteOrderQtyMarketAllowed': True, 'isSpotTradingAllowed': True, 'isMarginTradingAllowed': False, 'filters': [{'filterType': 'PRICE_FILTER', 'minPrice': '0.01000000', 'maxPrice': '100000.00000000', 'tickSize': '0.01000000'}, {'filterType': 'PERCENT_PRICE', 'multiplierUp': '5', 'multiplierDown': '0.2', 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.00001000', 'maxQty': '9000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.00001000'}, {'filterType': 'MIN_NOTIONAL', 'minNotional': '10.00000000', 'applyToMarket': True, 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'ICEBERG_PARTS', 'limit': 10}, {'filterType': 'MARKET_LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.00000000', 'maxQty': '1000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.00000000'}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ORDERS', 'maxNumOrders': 200}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ALGO_ORDERS', 'maxNumAlgoOrders': 5}], 'permissions': ['SPOT']}, {'symbol': 'LTCUSDT', 'status': 'TRADING', 'baseAsset': 'LTC', 'baseAssetPrecision': 8, 'quoteAsset': 'USDT', 'quotePrecision': 8, 'quoteAssetPrecision': 8, 'baseCommissionPrecision': 8, 'quoteCommissionPrecision': 8, 'orderTypes': ['LIMIT', 'LIMIT_MAKER', 'MARKET', 'STOP_LOSS_LIMIT', 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'], 'icebergAllowed': True, 'ocoAllowed': True, 'quoteOrderQtyMarketAllowed': True, 'isSpotTradingAllowed': True, 'isMarginTradingAllowed': False, 'filters': [{'filterType': 'PRICE_FILTER', 'minPrice': '0.01000000', 'maxPrice': '100000.00000000', 'tickSize': '0.01000000'}, {'filterType': 'PERCENT_PRICE', 'multiplierUp': '5', 'multiplierDown': '0.2', 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.00001000', 'maxQty': '9000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.00001000'}, {'filterType': 'MIN_NOTIONAL', 'minNotional': '10.00000000', 'applyToMarket': True, 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'ICEBERG_PARTS', 'limit': 10}, {'filterType': 'MARKET_LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.00000000', 'maxQty': '1000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.00000000'}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ORDERS', 'maxNumOrders': 200}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ALGO_ORDERS', 'maxNumAlgoOrders': 5}], 'permissions': ['SPOT']}, {'symbol': 'TRXUSDT', 'status': 'TRADING', 'baseAsset': 'TRX', 'baseAssetPrecision': 8, 'quoteAsset': 'USDT', 'quotePrecision': 8, 'quoteAssetPrecision': 8, 'baseCommissionPrecision': 8, 'quoteCommissionPrecision': 8, 'orderTypes': ['LIMIT', 'LIMIT_MAKER', 'MARKET', 'STOP_LOSS_LIMIT', 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'], 'icebergAllowed': True, 'ocoAllowed': True, 'quoteOrderQtyMarketAllowed': True, 'isSpotTradingAllowed': True, 'isMarginTradingAllowed': False, 'filters': [{'filterType': 'PRICE_FILTER', 'minPrice': '0.00001000', 'maxPrice': '1000.00000000', 'tickSize': '0.00001000'}, {'filterType': 'PERCENT_PRICE', 'multiplierUp': '5', 'multiplierDown': '0.2', 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.10000000', 'maxQty': '90000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.10000000'}, {'filterType': 'MIN_NOTIONAL', 'minNotional': '10.00000000', 'applyToMarket': True, 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'ICEBERG_PARTS', 'limit': 10}, {'filterType': 'MARKET_LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.00000000', 'maxQty': '10000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.00000000'}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ORDERS', 'maxNumOrders': 200}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ALGO_ORDERS', 'maxNumAlgoOrders': 5}], 'permissions': ['SPOT']}, {'symbol': 'XRPUSDT', 'status': 'TRADING', 'baseAsset': 'XRP', 'baseAssetPrecision': 8, 'quoteAsset': 'USDT', 'quotePrecision': 8, 'quoteAssetPrecision': 8, 'baseCommissionPrecision': 8, 'quoteCommissionPrecision': 8, 'orderTypes': ['LIMIT', 'LIMIT_MAKER', 'MARKET', 'STOP_LOSS_LIMIT', 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'], 'icebergAllowed': True, 'ocoAllowed': True, 'quoteOrderQtyMarketAllowed': True, 'isSpotTradingAllowed': True, 'isMarginTradingAllowed': False, 'filters': [{'filterType': 'PRICE_FILTER', 'minPrice': '0.00010000', 'maxPrice': '1000.00000000', 'tickSize': '0.00010000'}, {'filterType': 'PERCENT_PRICE', 'multiplierUp': '5', 'multiplierDown': '0.2', 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.10000000', 'maxQty': '90000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.10000000'}, {'filterType': 'MIN_NOTIONAL', 'minNotional': '10.00000000', 'applyToMarket': True, 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'ICEBERG_PARTS', 'limit': 10}, {'filterType': 'MARKET_LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.00000000', 'maxQty': '10000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.00000000'}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ORDERS', 'maxNumOrders': 200}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ALGO_ORDERS', 'maxNumAlgoOrders': 5}], 'permissions': ['SPOT']}, {'symbol': 'BNBBTC', 'status': 'TRADING', 'baseAsset': 'BNB', 'baseAssetPrecision': 8, 'quoteAsset': 'BTC', 'quotePrecision': 8, 'quoteAssetPrecision': 8, 'baseCommissionPrecision': 8, 'quoteCommissionPrecision': 8, 'orderTypes': ['LIMIT', 'LIMIT_MAKER', 'MARKET', 'STOP_LOSS_LIMIT', 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'], 'icebergAllowed': True, 'ocoAllowed': True, 'quoteOrderQtyMarketAllowed': True, 'isSpotTradingAllowed': True, 'isMarginTradingAllowed': False, 'filters': [{'filterType': 'PRICE_FILTER', 'minPrice': '0.00000100', 'maxPrice': '10.00000000', 'tickSize': '0.00000100'}, {'filterType': 'PERCENT_PRICE', 'multiplierUp': '5', 'multiplierDown': '0.2', 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.01000000', 'maxQty': '9000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.01000000'}, {'filterType': 'MIN_NOTIONAL', 'minNotional': '0.00010000', 'applyToMarket': True, 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'ICEBERG_PARTS', 'limit': 10}, {'filterType': 'MARKET_LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.00000000', 'maxQty': '1000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.00000000'}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ORDERS', 'maxNumOrders': 200}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ALGO_ORDERS', 'maxNumAlgoOrders': 5}], 'permissions': ['SPOT']}, {'symbol': 'ETHBTC', 'status': 'TRADING', 'baseAsset': 'ETH', 'baseAssetPrecision': 8, 'quoteAsset': 'BTC', 'quotePrecision': 8, 'quoteAssetPrecision': 8, 'baseCommissionPrecision': 8, 'quoteCommissionPrecision': 8, 'orderTypes': ['LIMIT', 'LIMIT_MAKER', 'MARKET', 'STOP_LOSS_LIMIT', 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'], 'icebergAllowed': True, 'ocoAllowed': True, 'quoteOrderQtyMarketAllowed': True, 'isSpotTradingAllowed': True, 'isMarginTradingAllowed': False, 'filters': [{'filterType': 'PRICE_FILTER', 'minPrice': '0.00000100', 'maxPrice': '100.00000000', 'tickSize': '0.00000100'}, {'filterType': 'PERCENT_PRICE', 'multiplierUp': '5', 'multiplierDown': '0.2', 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.00001000', 'maxQty': '9000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.00001000'}, {'filterType': 'MIN_NOTIONAL', 'minNotional': '0.00010000', 'applyToMarket': True, 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'ICEBERG_PARTS', 'limit': 10}, {'filterType': 'MARKET_LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.00000000', 'maxQty': '1000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.00000000'}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ORDERS', 'maxNumOrders': 200}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ALGO_ORDERS', 'maxNumAlgoOrders': 5}], 'permissions': ['SPOT']}, {'symbol': 'LTCBTC', 'status': 'TRADING', 'baseAsset': 'LTC', 'baseAssetPrecision': 8, 'quoteAsset': 'BTC', 'quotePrecision': 8, 'quoteAssetPrecision': 8, 'baseCommissionPrecision': 8, 'quoteCommissionPrecision': 8, 'orderTypes': ['LIMIT', 'LIMIT_MAKER', 'MARKET', 'STOP_LOSS_LIMIT', 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'], 'icebergAllowed': True, 'ocoAllowed': True, 'quoteOrderQtyMarketAllowed': True, 'isSpotTradingAllowed': True, 'isMarginTradingAllowed': False, 'filters': [{'filterType': 'PRICE_FILTER', 'minPrice': '0.00000100', 'maxPrice': '100.00000000', 'tickSize': '0.00000100'}, {'filterType': 'PERCENT_PRICE', 'multiplierUp': '5', 'multiplierDown': '0.2', 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.00001000', 'maxQty': '9000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.00001000'}, {'filterType': 'MIN_NOTIONAL', 'minNotional': '0.00010000', 'applyToMarket': True, 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'ICEBERG_PARTS', 'limit': 10}, {'filterType': 'MARKET_LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.00000000', 'maxQty': '1000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.00000000'}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ORDERS', 'maxNumOrders': 200}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ALGO_ORDERS', 'maxNumAlgoOrders': 5}], 'permissions': ['SPOT']}, {'symbol': 'TRXBTC', 'status': 'TRADING', 'baseAsset': 'TRX', 'baseAssetPrecision': 8, 'quoteAsset': 'BTC', 'quotePrecision': 8, 'quoteAssetPrecision': 8, 'baseCommissionPrecision': 8, 'quoteCommissionPrecision': 8, 'orderTypes': ['LIMIT', 'LIMIT_MAKER', 'MARKET', 'STOP_LOSS_LIMIT', 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'], 'icebergAllowed': True, 'ocoAllowed': True, 'quoteOrderQtyMarketAllowed': True, 'isSpotTradingAllowed': True, 'isMarginTradingAllowed': False, 'filters': [{'filterType': 'PRICE_FILTER', 'minPrice': '0.00000001', 'maxPrice': '1.00000000', 'tickSize': '0.00000001'}, {'filterType': 'PERCENT_PRICE', 'multiplierUp': '5', 'multiplierDown': '0.2', 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.10000000', 'maxQty': '90000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.10000000'}, {'filterType': 'MIN_NOTIONAL', 'minNotional': '0.00010000', 'applyToMarket': True, 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'ICEBERG_PARTS', 'limit': 10}, {'filterType': 'MARKET_LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.00000000', 'maxQty': '10000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.00000000'}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ORDERS', 'maxNumOrders': 200}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ALGO_ORDERS', 'maxNumAlgoOrders': 5}], 'permissions': ['SPOT']}, {'symbol': 'XRPBTC', 'status': 'TRADING', 'baseAsset': 'XRP', 'baseAssetPrecision': 8, 'quoteAsset': 'BTC', 'quotePrecision': 8, 'quoteAssetPrecision': 8, 'baseCommissionPrecision': 8, 'quoteCommissionPrecision': 8, 'orderTypes': ['LIMIT', 'LIMIT_MAKER', 'MARKET', 'STOP_LOSS_LIMIT', 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'], 'icebergAllowed': True, 'ocoAllowed': True, 'quoteOrderQtyMarketAllowed': True, 'isSpotTradingAllowed': True, 'isMarginTradingAllowed': False, 'filters': [{'filterType': 'PRICE_FILTER', 'minPrice': '0.00000001', 'maxPrice': '1.00000000', 'tickSize': '0.00000001'}, {'filterType': 'PERCENT_PRICE', 'multiplierUp': '5', 'multiplierDown': '0.2', 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.10000000', 'maxQty': '90000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.10000000'}, {'filterType': 'MIN_NOTIONAL', 'minNotional': '0.00010000', 'applyToMarket': True, 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'ICEBERG_PARTS', 'limit': 10}, {'filterType': 'MARKET_LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.00000000', 'maxQty': '10000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.00000000'}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ORDERS', 'maxNumOrders': 200}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ALGO_ORDERS', 'maxNumAlgoOrders': 5}], 'permissions': ['SPOT']}, {'symbol': 'LTCBNB', 'status': 'TRADING', 'baseAsset': 'LTC', 'baseAssetPrecision': 8, 'quoteAsset': 'BNB', 'quotePrecision': 8, 'quoteAssetPrecision': 8, 'baseCommissionPrecision': 8, 'quoteCommissionPrecision': 8, 'orderTypes': ['LIMIT', 'LIMIT_MAKER', 'MARKET', 'STOP_LOSS_LIMIT', 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'], 'icebergAllowed': True, 'ocoAllowed': True, 'quoteOrderQtyMarketAllowed': True, 'isSpotTradingAllowed': True, 'isMarginTradingAllowed': False, 'filters': [{'filterType': 'PRICE_FILTER', 'minPrice': '0.00010000', 'maxPrice': '1000.00000000', 'tickSize': '0.00010000'}, {'filterType': 'PERCENT_PRICE', 'multiplierUp': '5', 'multiplierDown': '0.2', 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.00001000', 'maxQty': '9000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.00001000'}, {'filterType': 'MIN_NOTIONAL', 'minNotional': '0.10000000', 'applyToMarket': True, 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'ICEBERG_PARTS', 'limit': 10}, {'filterType': 'MARKET_LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.00000000', 'maxQty': '1000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.00000000'}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ORDERS', 'maxNumOrders': 200}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ALGO_ORDERS', 'maxNumAlgoOrders': 5}], 'permissions': ['SPOT']}, {'symbol': 'TRXBNB', 'status': 'TRADING', 'baseAsset': 'TRX', 'baseAssetPrecision': 8, 'quoteAsset': 'BNB', 'quotePrecision': 8, 'quoteAssetPrecision': 8, 'baseCommissionPrecision': 8, 'quoteCommissionPrecision': 8, 'orderTypes': ['LIMIT', 'LIMIT_MAKER', 'MARKET', 'STOP_LOSS_LIMIT', 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'], 'icebergAllowed': True, 'ocoAllowed': True, 'quoteOrderQtyMarketAllowed': True, 'isSpotTradingAllowed': True, 'isMarginTradingAllowed': False, 'filters': [{'filterType': 'PRICE_FILTER', 'minPrice': '0.00000010', 'maxPrice': '10.00000000', 'tickSize': '0.00000010'}, {'filterType': 'PERCENT_PRICE', 'multiplierUp': '5', 'multiplierDown': '0.2', 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.10000000', 'maxQty': '90000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.10000000'}, {'filterType': 'MIN_NOTIONAL', 'minNotional': '0.10000000', 'applyToMarket': True, 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'ICEBERG_PARTS', 'limit': 10}, {'filterType': 'MARKET_LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.00000000', 'maxQty': '10000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.00000000'}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ORDERS', 'maxNumOrders': 200}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ALGO_ORDERS', 'maxNumAlgoOrders': 5}], 'permissions': ['SPOT']}, {'symbol': 'XRPBNB', 'status': 'TRADING', 'baseAsset': 'XRP', 'baseAssetPrecision': 8, 'quoteAsset': 'BNB', 'quotePrecision': 8, 'quoteAssetPrecision': 8, 'baseCommissionPrecision': 8, 'quoteCommissionPrecision': 8, 'orderTypes': ['LIMIT', 'LIMIT_MAKER', 'MARKET', 'STOP_LOSS_LIMIT', 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'], 'icebergAllowed': True, 'ocoAllowed': True, 'quoteOrderQtyMarketAllowed': True, 'isSpotTradingAllowed': True, 'isMarginTradingAllowed': False, 'filters': [{'filterType': 'PRICE_FILTER', 'minPrice': '0.00000100', 'maxPrice': '10.00000000', 'tickSize': '0.00000100'}, {'filterType': 'PERCENT_PRICE', 'multiplierUp': '5', 'multiplierDown': '0.2', 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.10000000', 'maxQty': '90000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.10000000'}, {'filterType': 'MIN_NOTIONAL', 'minNotional': '0.10000000', 'applyToMarket': True, 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'ICEBERG_PARTS', 'limit': 10}, {'filterType': 'MARKET_LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.00000000', 'maxQty': '10000.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.00000000'}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ORDERS', 'maxNumOrders': 200}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ALGO_ORDERS', 'maxNumAlgoOrders': 5}], 'permissions': ['SPOT']}]}
    {'symbol': 'BTCUSDT', 'status': 'TRADING', 'baseAsset': 'BTC', 'baseAssetPrecision': 8, 'quoteAsset': 'USDT', 'quotePrecision': 8, 'quoteAssetPrecision': 8, 'baseCommissionPrecision': 8, 'quoteCommissionPrecision': 8, 'orderTypes': ['LIMIT', 'LIMIT_MAKER', 'MARKET', 'STOP_LOSS_LIMIT', 'TAKE_PROFIT_LIMIT'], 'icebergAllowed': True, 'ocoAllowed': True, 'quoteOrderQtyMarketAllowed': True, 'isSpotTradingAllowed': True, 'isMarginTradingAllowed': False, 'filters': [{'filterType': 'PRICE_FILTER', 'minPrice': '0.01000000', 'maxPrice': '1000000.00000000', 'tickSize': '0.01000000'}, {'filterType': 'PERCENT_PRICE', 'multiplierUp': '5', 'multiplierDown': '0.2', 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.00000100', 'maxQty': '900.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.00000100'}, {'filterType': 'MIN_NOTIONAL', 'minNotional': '10.00000000', 'applyToMarket': True, 'avgPriceMins': 5}, {'filterType': 'ICEBERG_PARTS', 'limit': 10}, {'filterType': 'MARKET_LOT_SIZE', 'minQty': '0.00000000', 'maxQty': '100.00000000', 'stepSize': '0.00000000'}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ORDERS', 'maxNumOrders': 200}, {'filterType': 'MAX_NUM_ALGO_ORDERS', 'maxNumAlgoOrders': 5}], 'permissions': ['SPOT']}
    [{'symbol': 'BNBBUSD', 'price': '408.00000000'}, {'symbol': 'BTCBUSD', 'price': '3289.36000000'}, {'symbol': 'ETHBUSD', 'price': '2707.17000000'}, {'symbol': 'LTCBUSD', 'price': '100.00000000'}, {'symbol': 'TRXBUSD', 'price': '0.06018000'}, {'symbol': 'XRPBUSD', 'price': '0.54320000'}, {'symbol': 'BNBUSDT', 'price': '412.00000000'}, {'symbol': 'BTCUSDT', 'price': '41250.00000000'}, {'symbol': 'ETHUSDT', 'price': '687.50000000'}, {'symbol': 'LTCUSDT', 'price': '106.00000000'}, {'symbol': 'TRXUSDT', 'price': '0.06570000'}, {'symbol': 'XRPUSDT', 'price': '0.30000000'}, {'symbol': 'BNBBTC', 'price': '0.00993100'}, {'symbol': 'ETHBTC', 'price': '0.30000000'}, {'symbol': 'LTCBTC', 'price': '0.00287400'}, {'symbol': 'TRXBTC', 'price': '0.00000156'}, {'symbol': 'XRPBTC', 'price': '0.00008135'}, {'symbol': 'LTCBNB', 'price': '0.30570000'}, {'symbol': 'TRXBNB', 'price': '0.00015750'}, {'symbol': 'XRPBNB', 'price': '0.00163800'}]
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "D:\Tavana\Crypto\Bianance_Bot.v0.1.7\test.py", line 18, in <module>
        info = client.get_account()
      File "D:\Tavana\Crypto\Bianance_Bot.v0.1.7\venv\lib\site-packages\binance\client.py", line 1956, in get_account
        return self._get('account', True, data=params)
      File "D:\Tavana\Crypto\Bianance_Bot.v0.1.7\venv\lib\site-packages\binance\client.py", line 371, in _get
        return self._request_api('get', path, signed, version, **kwargs)
      File "D:\Tavana\Crypto\Bianance_Bot.v0.1.7\venv\lib\site-packages\binance\client.py", line 334, in _request_api
        return self._request(method, uri, signed, **kwargs)
      File "D:\Tavana\Crypto\Bianance_Bot.v0.1.7\venv\lib\site-packages\binance\client.py", line 315, in _request
        return self._handle_response(self.response)
      File "D:\Tavana\Crypto\Bianance_Bot.v0.1.7\venv\lib\site-packages\binance\client.py", line 324, in _handle_response
        raise BinanceAPIException(response, response.status_code, response.text)
    binance.exceptions.BinanceAPIException: APIError(code=-2015): Invalid API-key, IP, or permissions for action.

    Process finished with exit code 1

A: in my case, there was not option testnet=True flagged.
Now, it works.
api_key = 'x'
api_secret = 'x'
client = Client(api_key, api_secret , testnet=True)
client.API_URL = 'https://testnet.binancefuture.com'
print('Loaded API DEMO')

A: so as error indicates this is more to do not with python library but underlying web api error, via documentation link code=-2015 ("Invalid API-key, IP, or permissions for action.") now given you are getting some data back and just not for client.get_all_tickers() my guess would be permissions issue. to dig into issue will need to understand more from that doc site to better understand why getting error

A: I had the same issue
after i enabled "Enable Spot & Margin Trading", started to working ✌

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Farran-Heit Air Conditioning represents Sydney's most reliable air conditioning installation and service team of experts. We offer air conditioning products, installation, service and maintenance for both domestic and commercial clients. With more than 10 years of experience, we've managed to build a rich portfolio of several hundreds of satisfied clients.
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We are your one-stop shop for all your air conditioning needs - Farran-heit Air Conditioning offers its clients a complete package, from product installation to continual maintenance.


text:
Светлана Кэпэцынэ (Svetlana Căpățină) (02.10.1969-25.01.2022) — молдавский политический деятель, депутат парламента.

Родилась 02.10.1969 в г. Орхей (Оргеев).

Окончила Оргеевское педагогическое училище (1984—1988) и Молдавский университет европейских исследований (2013—2017).

В 1988—1992 гг. учитель начальных классов Оргеевской средней школы. Затем до 2021 года работала в Оргеевском районном отделе образования в должностях от методиста до главного специалиста.

С 2017 года первый секретарь районного комитета Коммунистической партии Молдовы.

Избрана депутатом парламента Молдовы 11 июля 2021 года по спискам блока коммунистов и социалистов.

Умерла 25 января 2022 года от осложнений, вызванных коронавирусной инфекцией. Её депутатский мандат перешёл к следующему в списке БКС кандидату Александру Нестеровскому.

Семья — муж и трое детей.

Источники
 https://trm.md/ro/social/deputata-svetlana-capatina-a-incetat-din-viata
 https://www.moldovacurata.md/candidat-svetlana-capatina-pcrm-1-1304
 https://www.ipn.md/ro/s-a-stins-din-viata-deputata-svetlana-capatina-7967_1087379.html
 https://www.parlament.md/StructuraParlamentului/Deputa%C8%9Bii/tabid/87/Id/1084/language/fr-FR/Default.aspx

Депутаты парламента Молдавии
Умершие от COVID-19 в Молдавии

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Bwindi Forest National Park
Bwindi Impenetrable National Park lies in southwestern Uganda on the edge of the Rift Valley. Its mist-covered hillsides are blanketed by one of Uganda's oldest and most biologically diverse rain forests, which dates back over 25,000 years and contains almost 400 species of plants. More famously, this "impenetrable forest" also protects an estimated 400 mountain gorillas – roughly half of the world's population, including several habituated groups, which can be tracked.
This biologically diverse region also provides shelter to a further 120 mammals, including several primate species such as baboons and chimpanzees, as well as elephants and antelopes. There are around 350 species of birds hosted in this forest, including 23 Albertine Rift endemics.
The neighboring towns of Buhoma and Nkuringo both have an impressive array of luxury lodges, rustic bandas and budget campsites, as well as restaurants, craft stalls and guiding services. Opportunities abound to discover the local Bakiga and Batwa Pygmy cultures through performances, workshops and village walks.
History of Bwindi Impenetrable National Park
In 1932, two blocks of the Bwindi Impenetrable National Park were designated as Crown Forest Reserves. The northern block was designated as the "Kayonza Crown Forest Reserve", and the southern block designated as the "Kasatora Crown Forest Reserve". These reserves had a combined area of 207 square kilometres. In 1942, the two Crown Forest Reserves were combined and enlarged, and renamed the Impenetrable Central Crown Forest. This new protected area covered an area of 298 square kilometres and was under the joint control of the Ugandan government's game and forest departments.
In 1964, the reserve was designated as an animal sanctuary in order to provide extra protection to its mountain gorillas and renamed the Impenetrable Central Forest Reserve. In 1966, two other forest reserves became part of the main reserve, increasing its area to almost 321 square kilometres. The park continued to be managed as both a game sanctuary and forest reserve.
In 1991, Impenetrable Central Forest Reserve along with Mgahinga Gorilla Reserve and Rwenzori Mountains Reserve was designated as a national park and renamed Bwindi Impenetrable National Park. It covered an area of 330.8 square kilometers. The national park was declared in part to protect a range of species within it, most notably the mountain gorilla.
Gorilla tracking in Uganda became a tourist activity in April 1993, and the park became a popular tourist destination. In 1994, it was inscribed on the World Heritage List and a 10 square kilometer area was incorporated into the park. The park's management changed: Uganda National Parks, since renamed Uganda Wildlife Authority, became responsible for Bwindi Impenetrable National Park. In 2003 a piece of land next to the park with an area of 4.2 square kilometers was purchased and incorporated into the park.
Top Things to Do in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park
Discover the Things to do and See in the Ancient Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, a park that is home to Mountain Gorillas, Chimpanzees, other Primates, Forest Elephants, and rare Birds not found elsewhere. Foremost, Bwindi Impenetrable National Park is Gorilla Country with over 400 Gorillas that live there and are thriving because of sound Conservation Practices.
Bwindi Impenetrable Forest is famous for Uganda gorilla trekking safaris, however there is more to this Uganda National Park. The more is not discovered by most Visitors to the Park since they focus on Gorilla Treks. Hikes, Climbs, Biking, Birding, intercultural visits just to name a few. The ancient forest offers many things to do and see – Discover that is not so impenetrable, but a place of Discovery like no other in East Africa.
Gorilla Tracking:
Bwindi Impenetrable National Park is best known for Gorilla trekking in Uganda that is the reason that most visitors come to this park.
Bwindi Impenetrable National Park provides an incredible backdrop for this once in a lifetime adventure. There are four trail heads from which one tracks one of the gorilla families for which we have obtained permits for you.
More Gorilla Families have been habituated for visitors. That means that there are over 100 daily gorilla permits available in Bwindi Impenetrable Forest. Be sure to wear the right clothing for gorilla trekking in Uganda and bring the things needed.
Gorilla Habituation Experience in Rushaga:
It is only in Uganda that you can be with a Mountain Gorilla Family for 4 hours on a Gorilla Habituation Experience along with researchers in Bwindi's Impenetrable Forest – this amazing experience – to be with a Mountain Gorilla Family as it is being habituated is a one of a kind experience in Africa.
There are presently two family groups being habituated, meaning that they becoming used to human contact and will not run away from visitors trekking them.
You can fly into Kigali Rwanda and 3 hours later be in the Rushaga Region of Bwindi Impenetrable National Park. You have the choice of budget, moderate and upmarket lodging and can stay either in Rushaga or scenic Nkuringo area of Bwindi Impenetrable Forest.
Mountain Bike Rides – Buhoma Area:
Ride 4 a Woman which is a community support group offers mountain bike rentals and guided bike in and around Bwindi Impenetrable National Park in the Buhoma area of the park.
You can even do the Village Walk on a bike with guide. There are Birding Bike Rides, or simply a ride into the Forest such as the Ivy River Trail. The average Bike Ride is 3 hours or longer in length with much to see along the trail or road.
The guides are all well-trained, some specialize in birding, others in culture but all know Bwindi Impenetrable Forest which they all love and want to conserve.
The Batwa Forest Experience:
The Batwa were the original people of the forest, they were here for thousands of years before the Bantu People, and the Cultivators of the Land arrived.
The Batwa People – are pygmies – were hunter-gatherers and lived in the forests of Southwest Uganda and beyond. They left a small ecological footprint on the forest and lived in harmony with nature. You can visit the forest (actually outside of Bwindi Impenetrable Forest) with the Batwa People and learn of their traditional ways of hunting and gathering.
The Batwa Experience takes place in the Buhoma area – if you are in South Bwindi you can visit the Buniga Forest with the Batwa people there.
The Buhoma Village Walk:
Here you have a 3 hour cultural walk through the village – you learn the ways and culture of the people that live in the Buhoma area on the edge of Bwindi Forest. The Village Walk is with a guide who is friendly and knowledgeable about local culture and customs.
You will see how people make local crafts such as baskets with the most intricate designs – beer made from Bananas, and a distillery that makes the local Waragi Gin from Bananas, meet a traditional healer and learn of what is gathered in the ancient forest and how it is taken and applied to ailments – you will be amazed –
See how the growing of local produce is done and harvested, food preparation over charcoal or open fire, visit a school, and meet the Batwa Pygmy community as they perform a dance for you just to name a few. It is certainly a cultural learning experience and the cost of the walk supports the local community – so a win win for everyone. (3 hours in length and difficulty level is easy – Location – Buhoma Area)
Hiking through the Forest:
The Hike through Bwindi Impenetrable National Park can be one day or longer hike from the north of Bwindi to the South – called Nkuringo- there one can stay overnight and continue the next day down to scenic Lake Mutanda where you paddle across in a wooden dugout and continue to the town of Kisoro.
This is the most popular hike along two trails of Bwindi Impenetrable National Park. There are however other trails and nature walks, most from easy to moderate in and near the Forest that can be explored on foot and requiring from an hour to all day long.
Hiking through the Bwindi Impenetrable National Park is always with a guide. The through the Bwindi Impenetrable Forest Hikes have become more popular over the last few years, especially with those who choose to trek gorillas twice, once in Buhoma and once in the South of the Park.
Hikes and Trails in and around Bwindi Impenetrable National Park:
Not only can you hike through the forest, there are many hikes and nature walks in and outside of Bwindi Impenetrable Forest that match various fitness levels.
Trails can be found in Buhoma, Ruhija, Rushaga and Nkuringo. Some of these are birding hikes, while others focus on the scenery of Bwindi Impenetrable Forest.
The Hikes and Nature Walks can be added on to your Gorilla Trek or gorilla habituation experience in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park.
Let us know at the time when you plan your safari with us about your hiking plans.
Birding in Bwindi Impenetrable Forest:
Visit Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, it is one of the prime birding destinations in Africa. There are over 347 species of forest birds recorded in the Park, at least 70 out of 78 montane forest bird species occurring in the Albertine Rift region are found in the forest, and 22 of the 36 endemic species in the region.
Bwindi Impenetrable National Park has been picked as Number One Birding Site for African birding safaris to Uganda.
Now visitors come from far and wide to spot some of Africa's rarest birds and at the same time, they can track the Mountain Gorillas.
The Stunning Scenery of Nkuringo:
One cannot leave out the Stunning scenery found in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park – especially the Nkuringo area.
There are now 6 gorilla group families in the area, new lodges have opened and visitors are not only enjoying visiting the Mountain Gorillas but taking in the breathtaking scenery found in the area.
The Virungas in the distance is an amazing sight to behold.
From Nkuringo you can travel either to Lake Mutanda to Lake Bunyonyi where you continue to enjoy more scenic wonders.
Rushaga – Best Area for Gorilla Tracking in Bwindi Impenetrable Forest:
Rushaga for most visitors was not even on the map a few visitors a few years, overnight it has become the area in Bwindi Impenetrable Forest with the most gorilla groups to track.
It is also the area for the Mountain Gorilla Habituation Experience with two Gorilla families.
Rushaga, unlike Buhoma or Ruhija can easily be accessed from Kigali Rwanda, a mere 3 – hour drive there. There are countless of add-ons that can extend your time on Safari in Uganda and Rwanda that will enhance your time of Gorilla Trekking.
What to See in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park
The park is most recognized for the 340 Bwindi Mountain Gorillas, half of the world's population of the critically endangered Mountain Gorillas, although it is sanctuary for the chimpanzees, many birds and the colobus monkeys.
This Afromontane forest is one of the richest ecosystems in Africa, and the diversity of species is an attribute of the park. The park provides habitat for some 120 species of mammals ten of which are primates and more than 45 small mammal species, 348 species of birds, 220 species of butterflies, 27 species of frogs, chameleons, geckos and many endangered species.
In terms of fauna, the Bwindi area is amongst the most diverse forests in East Africa, with more than 1,000 flowering plant species including 163 species of trees and 104 species of ferns. The northern sector which has a lower altitude is rich in species of the Guineo-Congolian flora. These include two species internationally recognized as endangered that is; Brown mahogany (Lovoa swynnertonii) and Brazzeia longipedicellata.
Bwindi Impenetrable National Park became a UNESCO World Heritage Site due to its ecological importance. The park has a large variation of altitude and habitat types, there by supporting a variety of species of trees, reptiles, butterflies, birds, moths, and small mammals.
Mountain Gorillas in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park
The park is inhabited by a population of about 340 individuals of Mountain Gorillas (Gorilla beringei beringei), commonly referred to as the Bwindi population, which makes up almost half of all the mountain gorillas remaining in the world. The rest of the worldwide mountain gorilla population is in the nearby Virunga Mountains which is shared by Rwanda, Uganda and Democratic Republic of Congo.
The major threat to these mountain gorillas is poaching, habitat loss and disease, however, since 1997; there has been a gradual increase in the mountain gorilla population in Bwindi from 300 individuals to about 340 individuals in 2006.
Recent research has shown that the Bwindi gorilla's diet is patently higher in fruit than that of the Virunga population, and that the Bwindi gorillas, even silverbacks, are more likely to climb trees to feed on foliage, fruits, and epiphytes. In some months, Bwindi gorilla diet is very similar to that of Bwindi chimpanzees. It was also found that Bwindi gorillas travel further per day, particularly on days when feeding primarily on fruit than when they are feeding on fibrous foods.
Additionally, Bwindi gorillas are much more likely to build their nests in trees, nearly always in, a small understory tree. There are no mountain gorillas recorded in captivity explaining why they are indeed an endangered species with an estimated total population of about 650 individuals.
English, Luganda, Bachiga
Currency used
Uganda Shillings (UGX)
Area (km2)
321km2
Culture and history info
In 1932, two blocks of the Bwindi Impenetrable Forest were designated as Crown Forest Reserves. The northern block was designated as the "Kayonza Crown Forest Reserve". The southern block designated as the "Kasatora Crown Forest Reserve". These reserves had a combined area of 207 square kilometers. In 1942, the two Crown Forest Reserves were combined. They were enlarged, and renamed the Impenetrable Central Crown Forest. This new protected area covered an area of 298 square kilometers. It was under the joint control of the Ugandan government's game and forest departments.
In 1964, the reserve was designated as an animal sanctuary. This was in order to provide extra protection to its mountain gorillas. It was then renamed the Impenetrable Central Forest Reserve. In 1966, two other forest reserves became part of the main reserve. This increased its area to almost 321 square kilometers. The park continued to be managed as both a game sanctuary and forest reserve.
In 1991, Impenetrable Central Forest Reserve was designated as a national park. It was Bwindi Impenetrable National Park. It covered an area of 330.8 square kilometers. The national park was declared in part to protect a range of species within it. Most notably among them were the mountain gorillas. The reclassification of the park had a large impact on the Batwa pygmy people. They were evicted from the forest and no longer permitted to enter the park. They could not access Bwindi Impenetrable National Park resources. Gorilla tracking became a tourist activity in April 1993. Bwindi Impenetrable National Park became a popular tourist destination. In 1994, it was inscribed on the World Heritage List. A 10 square kilometer area was incorporated into the park. The park's management changed. Uganda Wildlife Authority became responsible for the park. In 2003 a piece of land next to the park with an area of 4.2 square kilometers was purchased. This was also incorporated into the park.
Unfortunately no accommodations were found.
Uganda Gorilla Trekking
The 3 Day Uganda Gorilla Trekking Safari is a magical journey, an African safari tour into the isolated jungles of East Africa and promises you an experience like no other.
Unfortunately no car rentals were found.
Mozambique Island Hopping
Zambia Wildlife Safari
Zambia Safari Tour
Zambia Safari Adventure
Zambia Romantic Safari
Zambezi River Safari
Call us on +256-785-619-983 for individual, tailored advice for your perfect stay or send us a message with your hotel booking query.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
DEVICE FOR ANCHORING SAFETY ROAD BARRIER POLES TO THE GROUND
An anchoring device for safety road barrier supporting pole (3) comprises a coupling element (13) fixed to the pole (3) when it is driven into ground near a road, at last one metal tie-rod (11, 12) fixed to an end of the bracket (13) and at the second end has with a surface provided with surface protrusions which increase the grip of the materials with which it is made to the road superstructure.
PERNETTI, Mariano (Via Domenico De Petrinis 9, Sala Consilina, 84036, IT)
CALAMANI, Ottavia (Via Civinini 2, Roma, 00197, IT)
IB2018/054940
TSL ENGINEERING - SOCIETA' A RESPONSABILITA' LIMITATA (Viale Bruno Buozzi 47, Roma, 39042, IT)
E01F15/06; E01F15/04
US6902151B1 2005-06-07
CELONA, Antonio et al. (Notarbartolo & Gervasi S.p.A, Corso di Porta Vittoria 9, Milano, 20122, IT)
1 . An anchoring device for a safety road barrier supporting pole (3) a longitudinal direction, wherein the device comprises a coupling element (13), adapted to be fixed at a predetermined height between base and top of said supporting pole (3) when it is driven into a ground near a road, at least one rigid elongated element (1 1 , 12) having a first proximal portion fixed to the coupling element (13) and a second distal portion, with a surface provided with surface protrusions or with an increased friction roughness surface, adapted to be either immersed in or driven under a road paving, in a direction either transversal or orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the safety road barrier.
2. A device according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one elongated element (1 1 , 12) is a metal bar provided with an outer threading on the surface to facilitate screwing it into the ground and to increase the force needed to extract it.
3. A device according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one elongated element (1 1 , 12) is a bar provided with hooks or discs or surface protrusions adapted to increase the grip into the road surface or into the ground and to increase the force needed to extract it.
4. A device according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one elongated element (1 1 ,12) is a bar free from macroscopic added protrusions (3).
5. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the coupling element (13) is a piece of section bar with L-shaped, C-shaped, U-shaped, H- shaped profile or a flat element or a coupling system which provides for a plate and counter-plate connected to each other.
6. A road safety barrier supporting pole (3) to which the anchoring device of claim 1 is fixed.
7. An method assembling the anchoring device according to any claim from 1 to 5, wherein at least one rigid elongated element (1 1 , 1 2) and a fixing element (13) are provided, comprising the steps of embedding a first distal end of the at least one rigid elongated element (1 1 , 12) into the ground under a road carriageway by screwing and/or hammering the rigid elongated element (1 1 , 12) in close proximity to a supporting pole (3) of a safety road barrier, in direction either transversal or orthogonal to a longitudinal direction of the safety road barrier and arranging a second proximal end of the at last one rigid elongated element (1 1 , 12) in a fixing position with the fixing element (13), fixing said second proximal end by means of welding and/or screwing and/or fixing with screws or bolts to the fixing element (13). 8. A method according to claim 7, wherein the rigid elongated element (1 1 , 12) is chosen with a sufficient length so as to make the distal end reach under the road carriageway at the end of the embedding operation into a layer of ground of predetermined compactness and sufficient to withstand design loads.
The invention relates to the construction of road safety systems, in particular of side barriers arranged along the roads to retain vehicles within the carriageway in the event of accidents.
Side safety barriers are installed along roads of various type and category to keep vehicles within the carriageway in the event of accident. Side protection barriers, also commonly named guardrails, must be certified in order to be installed along roads. In Europe, such certification is the CE marking. In order to obtain the latter, a road safety barrier must have some minimum requirements, among which there are: passing crash tests according to EN1317-1 /2 relative to the type of crash and involved vehicles, assembly performed according to the executive drawings of the elements constituting the protective barrier and production of the device according to a detailed production and control plan. In almost all European countries, in the installation of the barrier on the road, the stretch of the installed barrier must not be shorter than the stretch of the barrier which was subjected to real-scale crash tests and the type and quality of the barrier supports must be similar to those of the support used during the tests. The latter requirement is very difficult to guarantee during the step of installing on the roads because all the supports, both the barriers embedded into the ground and those anchored onto the curbs, are different from those used in the test. The problem is even more serious in cases in which the side barriers are installed on stretches of road on embankments, which are normally built using backfill soil. The consistency of this type of ground is thus different from, and almost always lower than, that of the ground of the test fields, which is normally flat, consisting of stabilized and well-compacted material. It is also worth noting that the support material in real cases, even when it is different from the soil, has a different consistency with respect to the deeper layer of ground on which the road is built. In order to overcome this problem, it is necessary to resort to costly, disruptive and often very complicated operations. The most common operations consist in: modifying the configuration of the ground, which is replaced by material having higher mechanical properties, elongating the barrier poles in part embedded in the ground and/or increasing the contrast surface of the pole. All these solutions, in addition to being very expensive and disruptive on the road structure, do not always guarantee that the behavior of the safety barrier in real installation configuration will be similar to that of the same barrier determined during the crash test. Although elongating the pole means anchoring it to the deeper layers, which are certainly more compact and consistent, in doing so it is not possible to guarantee that its behavior will be similar to that it had during the crash test.
The need is thus felt to find a technical solution which is cost-effective to make, the assembly of which is not excessively complex or costly, which can ensure a barrier road behavior compatible with that found during the crash tests in the certification procedure. This also in the case when the barrier is installed on ground which is morphologically different from that used for the tests.
It is the main object of the present invention to provide an anchoring device to the deeper layers of the road paving for the poles of road restraint systems which is cost-effective and simple to install.
These and other objects are achieved by means of an anchoring device to the non- superficial layers of the road paving for a safety road barrier supporting pole having its own longitudinal direction, wherein the device comprises a coupling element, adapted to be fixed at a predetermined height between base and top of said supporting pole when it is driven into a ground near a road, at last one rigid elongated element having a first proximal portion fixed to the coupling element and a second distal portion, with a surface provided with surface protrusions or with an increased friction roughness surface, adapted to be either immersed or driven under a road paving, in a direction either transversal or orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the safety road barrier.
These and other objects are achieved thanks to another aspect of the invention which provides an assembly method of the aforesaid anchoring device having the features set forth in claim 7.
By virtue of the anchoring device solution to the ground for safety road barrier poles of the invention, the initial construction costs are greatly reduced, due to the simplicity of the device and to the limited number of elements which form it, and so are the installation costs, due to its simplicity.
Indeed, the installation procedure of the ground anchoring device of the invention can be performed with machines which are very common and could be easily performed manually, whereby reducing costs while guaranteeing a high degree of safety of the barrier which has supporting poles anchored with the device of the invention. The anchoring device can be easily installed on a safety barrier both during the first construction or renovation of a road or when it is necessary to reinforce pre-existing safety barriers along stretches of road which may be located on land of low consistency, guaranteeing in all cases a considerable increase in the retaining capability of vehicles, in particular in incidents in which a very high force component is released transversely onto the safety barrier, i.e. in particular in those cases in which the vehicle crashes are very close to the angular values of 90 ° with respect to the direction of the safety barrier.
The present invention allows to transfer onto the road the same ideal installation conditions obtained in tests without necessarily having to resort to the costly and disruptive operations described above (increase of the resistant surface of the pole/ground system and/or redevelopment of the road margin).
Among the advantages of the invention there is an increase in the capability of the safety barrier to withstand high-intensity stresses, above all those directed transversely, or even orthogonally to the safety barrier which tend to pull it out from the ground, and this advantage is obtained even when the safety barrier is driven into less compact or consistent soil. This is because the anchoring device of the invention allows a coupling to the non-superficial layers of the road paving, under the carriageway, which are made of materials of higher consistency and quality, or to the deeper soil layers underneath and thus having superior mechanical properties to those of the surface ground flanking the carriageway.
By virtue of the device of the invention, in case of a crash of a vehicle on the safety barrier with a very strong component transverse to the safety barrier, the forces are not released only on the ground which holds the supporting pole but are also transmitted to the deeper layers of the road paving (bed, base and foundation levels) being the elongated rigid elements or the bars planted transversely to the longitudinal direction of the safety barrier. In general, the bars are arranged in an inclined manner in respect to the horizontal or to the plane of the carriageway as is shown in the figures. This arrangement increases the crash resistance capability of the supporting poles reinforced by an anchoring device of the invention. However, they may be planted horizontally, if the ground so allows, without departing from the scope of the invention. In this manner, the supporting pole bends in the zone in which the anchoring device is fixed, plastically deforms and dissipates the energy of the crash. This prevents the supporting pole embedded in yielding ground, having poor mechanical properties, from rotating rigidly and being pulled out as a result of the action consequent to the transverse crash or to the high transverse component. The low consistency of the ground, in the absence of the device which is the object of the present invention, is not an effective constraint for the pole. Accordingly, the latter does not apply its crash resistance function in a transverse direction as provided in design. On the other hand, the use of the anchoring device ensures the correct operation of the safety barrier and the formation of the plastic hinge at the height provided by the designer. The bending point is higher, the higher the coupling element of the anchoring device.
The solution offered by the invention can be made at low costs with regard to manufacturing and to installation and maintenance. It can be used on newly built systems and on systems already present in situ.
Another non-irrelevant advantage is to provide a minimum visual impact and practically zero dimensions on the road surface, which is not at all changed because the coupling element may be fixed very low onto the supporting pole or even on ground level or even underground, but in all cases close to the road. The coupling element of the anchoring device which is the object of the present invention does not require any replacement, disassembly or modification of the poles already installed or of parts of them.
The distal portion of the rigid elongated element or bar is usually either driven or immersed under the road paving transversely to the direction of the safety barrier because in this manner the anchoring device of the invention can withstand the crash components in an optimum manner caused by vehicles crashing in transverse direction, in particular when the crash is orthogonal or nearly orthogonal to the direction of the safety barrier. It is disadvantageous to arrange the rigid element or the bar with an angle of small value, or even more so equal to 0 °, with respect to the longitudinal direction of the safety barrier since this arrangement provides a low resistance to transverse crash forces.
The elongated element is generally a round section bar provided with an external thread on the surface to facilitate screwing into the ground and to increase the force needed to extracting it from the ground and arranged in a transverse to the direction of the safety barrier, or substantially orthogonal is pushed or embedded almost always under the carriageway itself. It may also be a bar provided with hooks or discs or surface projections of different shape to a thread, but also to increase the grip in the carriageway or in the ground to increase the force needed to extract it. It can also be a bar with outer surface free of macroscopic added protrusions but left untreated so as to facilitate the friction with the ground into which it is driven.
The elongated element may also not be single, but even two or more can be installed, as needed, according to the structural needs of the road safety barrier. The dependent claims refer to preferred embodiments of the invention.
The object of the present invention relates to one or more contrast systems placed at the point in which the formation of the plastic hinge and the increase in the resistance to thrusts or impacts with high value transverse components is necessary for the correct operation of the restraint device.
Brief description of the figures
Further features and advantages of the invention will be more apparent in view of the detailed description of a preferred, but not exclusive, embodiment of a pole anchoring device illustrated by way of non-limiting example, with the aid of the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 shows a diagrammatic, axonometric view of an anchoring device according to the invention;
Figure 2 shows a vertical section view of an anchoring device according to the invention;
Figure 3 shows a plan view of an anchoring device according to the invention;
Figures 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 show various contrast systems of the anchoring device according to the invention. Figures 10, 1 1 , 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 (tie-rods) show variants of the anchoring systems with screws or the like;
Figures 19 and 20 (cross section 1 and 2) show two different types of installation (one with screwing tie-rods and one with abutting tie-rods with examples of tie-rods with and without protrusions) of the anchoring device according to the invention. Same reference numbers in the various figures correspond to the same elements or components.
Detailed description of example embodiments of the invention
Figure 1 , in particular, shows a safety barrier indicated as a whole by reference numeral 1 , commonly also named guardrail, which comprises a longitudinal bar 2, of the type well known in the road construction art and a pole 3 onto which the longitudinal bar 2 is fixed by means known in the field of technique, for example, but not exclusively, by means of screws, bolts, welding. The pole 3, by means of its end 3' is intended to be fixed to the ground by the sides of the road carriageway. The pole 3 may be fixed to the ground by driving, pushing or hammering or by immersion in the casting of cement or asphalt or other material with which the road superstructure is made.
Fig. 1 and fig. 3 show only a very short stretch of a road safety barrier, it being quite apparent to a person skilled in the art that for understanding the invention it is sufficient to refer to a short stretch as shown in the figures because the invention may also be applied to barriers without any limitation of length. Generally, these types of safety barrier are also commonly called guardrails. Such safety barrier defines a longitudinal direction, which is generally parallel to the lane of the road along which it is built.
The anchoring device, indicated as a whole by reference numeral 10 and generally made of metal, in particular steel alloy, comprises a bracket 13, or a tie or collar and, advantageously, two tie-rods 1 1 and 12. The number of tie-rods may be reduced to only one and in case of particular types of materials constituting the road superstructure they could be in number greater than two, without departing from the scope of the invention. The length of the tie-rods may be chosen as a function of the needs, generally it should be sufficient to reach the ground layers which are more compact, as well as the shape, which can be either entirely straight or provided with curved portions.
The tie-rods 1 1 , 12, made of any material or alloy or any metal section, are connected at one end with the bracket 13, e.g. by means of nuts 14', 14" screwed onto a thread provided at least on the end portion of the tie-rod. It is not excluded that the tie-rods 1 1 , 12 are welded to the bracket 13, if the assembly of the anchoring device permits, e.g. in those cases in which it is immersed in the concrete casting during the road construction.
The bracket 13, instead of a simple plate, may also be advantageously made in the form of a ring, the bar 30, yoke, etc. also to take the size and shape of the cross section of the pole 3 into account. The bracket 13 may have different shapes or sections, e.g. C-shaped (element 13"'), U-shaped (element 13"), L-shaped (element 13') and can also be a cord 31 of any material having the necessary strength, can be a hollow or solid cylindrical element. Holes are provided in the elements 13, 13', 13", 13"' to allow guiding and correctly mounting the tie-rods or bars in the ground in the direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the safety barrier, see figs, from 4 to 9. The bracket 13 may also be formed by a plate and a counter-plate, as in fig. 8, connected to each other by means of two elements.
A particularly advantageous embodiment of the anchoring device consists of two tie-rods 1 1 , 12, or more in general of two bars of cross section which may be as varied as possible, L-shaped, C-shaped, H-shaped, etc. which may be provided with surface protrusions of various kinds to promote the grip on the material of the ground or the paving layers in which they are immersed with the surface of the tie-rods. Particularly, these surface protrusions in radial direction may consist of a thread formed on the surface of the tie-rods 1 1 , 12: this thread may be advantageously formed as a spiral surface with thin but very high thread, since the anchoring device must be always screwed into the ground or into materials which are not very compact, non-limiting examples are shown in Figs, from 1 to 4.
The tie-rods 1 1 , 12 can also be helical or half-helical screws, micropiles or steel tubes or other alloys and materials which guarantee adequate resistance to tensile loads. Other types of sections made of steel or any other material or alloy can be used without departing from the scope of the invention.
Other embodiments of the tie-rods are anchor-shaped or hook-shaped on the tip as shown in figs. 10, 1 1 , 13, 14, 18, or C-shaped or U-shaped portions, or the spiral may be formed by winding a further bar of any diameter on the tie-rod along part of the length or along the entire length, as shown for example in figs. 10, 1 1 . The tie-rods can also be cords or have elements such as plates, half-plates and the like, as shown in figs. 12, 15, 16, 17, of the fixed type or which open once inserted into the ground in order to promote more grip. Other embodiments which increase the grip of the tie-rods 1 1 , 12 with the ground are possible, such as the use of resins, either expanding or not, which grip the surrounding ground when they dry. Some other alternative forms of fixing to the ground of the tie-rods 1 1 , 12 are shown in Figs. 19 and 20
It is apparent that such surface protrusions must not have a radial size such as to prevent the driving into the ground by hammering or screwing, it being preferable to promote the production of a sufficient grip of the tie-rods for withstanding the traction by virtue of the careful selection of the length of the part immersed in the ground. Naturally, the choice of the length and diameter of the tie-rods 1 1 , 12, is determined by the morphology and type of ground into which poles are driven, the shape of the tie-rods and the mechanical properties of the lower layers of the road paving and/or the ground below the paving and the ability to produce sufficient friction between ground and surface of the tie-rods 1 1 , 12, both when they are inserted by hammering or when they are screwed, as is well known to the person skilled in the art.
The anchoring device is intended to be mounted along the pole at an appropriate height with respect to the road surface and with a suitable angle of inclination with respect to the horizontal which can be comprised between 0 ° and 70 ° approximately, to allow an effective reinforcement of the constraint imposed by the ground, e.g. as is shown in fig. 2. If it is necessary and desired, the bracket 13 may also be arranged below the level of the ground, so as not to be visible from the outside e.g. as in figures 19 and 20.
The anchoring device 10 for poles, after assembling a safety barrier on the poles 3, in case of a crash of a vehicle with the barrier allows to transfer most part of the stresses to the road superstructure, as can be easily understood from the pattern of distribution of the forces shown in figure 2. The force caused by the crash of the vehicle on the barrier 1 , indicated by the arrow 20, is transferred to the ground with a pair of forces which may be approximately indicated with arrows 21 and 22. The force shown by arrow 21 is released as tensile force on the tie-rods 1 1 and 12, which are constrained to the non-superficial layers of the paving 15, which can absorb such traction better than the backfill ground of the embankment 16 does, while the strength represented diagrammatically by arrow 22 is released as compressive force on the backfill ground which transfers it to the road superstructure. In all cases, tie-rods 1 1 and 12 of the anchoring device prevent the pulling out of pole 3 from the ground that the force 20 would tend to cause if it were not for the tie-rods 1 1 and 12.
The assembly of the anchoring device is easy, whether it be done during the initial installation of the safety barrier or during an operation intervention following the installation of the safety barrier.
The anchoring device is inserted by screwing the tie-rods into the material of the superstructure or by insertion by means of hammering devices or the like, or alternatively holes can made preliminarily in the road superstructure to facilitate the embedding of the tie-rods possibly with the aid of hardening material, such as mortar, resins, etc.
The length of the tie-rods 1 1 , 12 is chosen so that it is sufficient to make their distal end, considered in a direction transverse to the direction of the safety barrier, be fixed in a layer of ground which is known to have sufficient compactness, e.g. a layer placed under the road carriageway at the end of the driving operation, to ensure a sufficient resistance against the extraction forces which would occur in the case of crash of a vehicle onto the safety barrier. Naturally, according to the consistency of the ground, it is possible to use combinations of methods described hereto without departing from the scope of the invention.
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South Lyon wins district title
South Lyon beat cross-town rival East, 54-21, to win the team wrestling district title.
South Lyon wins district title South Lyon beat cross-town rival East, 54-21, to win the team wrestling district title. Check out this story on HometownLife.com: http://www.hometownlife.com/story/sports/high-school/south-lyon/2015/02/12/south-lyon-wins-team-wrestling-district-title/23327117/
Jeff Theisen, Published 8:40 p.m. ET Feb. 12, 2015 | Updated 8:40 p.m. ET Feb. 12, 2015
South Lyon's John Dixon gets a pin against Divine Child.(Photo: Hal Gould | Staff Photographer)Buy Photo
South Lyon and South Lyon East wrestling met up in the district title match, with the Lions winning, 54-21, to claim the trophy.
The match started at 285 pounds, with South Lyon going in front thanks to a quick pin from John Dixon.
The teams traded forfeits before Brendon Goins earned another pin at 119 to put South Lyon up 18-6.
East's Aaron Hoorn won 12-8 at 125 pounds and Alex Hessler earned a pin at 130 pounds to get within 18-15.
From there, it was all South Lyon until the final match of the night.
Wins for the Lions came from Jake Race at 135 (pin), an East forfeit at 140, Cody Sickels at 145 (7-0), Chase Edry at 152 (7-1), Nick Stewart at 160 (pin), Derek Allen at 171 (pin) and Jameson Donahue at 189 (pin in 25 seconds). At that point, South Lyon had built a 54-15 lead.
In the final match of the night, East's Joe Adams earned a pin at 215 pounds.
Both teams won handily in the semifinals. South Lyon lost just two matches to Divine Child while earning five pins along the way in a 60-6 triumph. East never trailed in a 52-16 victory over Romulus, winning seven of the final eight weights.
Individual district
South Lyon advanced five wrestlers from Saturday's individual district meet into the regional.
Dixon pinned his way to a title at 285 pounds, with only one of the matches making it out of the first round. He got a pin in under a minute against a ranked wrestler from Trenton in the finals.
"What a great weekend for John. He has really worked on becoming more consistent with his technique and how he approaches matches," coach Brian Wilson said. "He has worked hard his entire time with our program and I couldn't be happier or prouder of his accomplishment today. I think he is the best-kept secret in the state."
Donahue battled in a 189-pound bracket which saw five ranked wrestlers in the round of 16. Donahue started with a pair of pins before meeting a ranked wrestler from Tecumseh. He took an early lead and held one for the 5-4 win to reach the finals.
Donahue met undefeated and top seed Diallo Matsimela from Dearborn Heights Annapolis in the finals. Donahue was the only one to go the distance with him on the day, but fell 8-1 to finish runner-up.
"While the ending wasn't what we wanted, Jameson had a great day," Wilson said. "He knew coming in that this was going to be a tough bracket. He really displayed sound judgment and match sense. When you have a match between two good wrestlers, the margin for error is very small. Jameson was able to really jump out in front of those guys and control his matches from the get-go."
Sickels moved on with a third-place finish at 140 pounds. He reached the semifinals before suffering a loss to go to the blood round. It took him less than a minute to get a pin there to reach the third-place match and guarantee a spot at the regional. Sickels earned third place with another pin.
"This is just such a great reward for the hard work and toughness that he has shown his entire time in a South Lyon singlet," Wilson said. "He outworked his opponents. He was tougher than his opponents. He refused to lose. After his blood round match, he was glowing and I am so happy for him and proud of him."
Race (135) and Travis Starr (125) also moved on with fourth-place finishes.
"All in all, each kid I brought today was fantastic," Wilson said. "This is a tough district with lots of good wrestlers and tough teams. Each kid battled and showed something positive on the mat.
"We are peaking at the right time and I couldn't be more proud of our program or more excited for the future."
Hoorn advances
South Lyon East also will be represented at the regional. Senior Aaron Hoorn earned a third-place finish at 112 pounds to keep his season going.
Hoorn pinned his first opponent before getting pinned in the quarterfinals. Hoorn finished the day with three straight pins, the last two coming in 46 seconds and then 31 seconds in the third-place match.
The individual regional is Saturday at Warren Fitzgerald.
jtheisen@gannett.com
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A reality we will have to get used to - it looks like lab grown meat will be on the menu sooner than we thought.
Eggs might all look the same, but they are definitely not created equal. Conventional eggs from the supermarket are fed a diet high in omega-6 fats, such as soy, corn and sunflower. As I explain in my article on chicken feed, Soy meal is the most common source of protein used in chicken feed because it's cheap.
So why does this matter? A study from several years ago compared conventional eggs to eggs produced from hens fed a special diet low in omega-6 (wheat, barley, and sorghum, with an antioxidant blend to replicate the broad spectrum of compounds they'd get foraging in nature). The study found that eating conventional eggs high in omega-6 increases Oxidised LDL (by 40%), which forms dangerous plaque in our arteries (cardiovascular disease).
The takeaway for me is that it's important to look at what you're feeding your chickens. The amount of forage they have access to and the type of feed you give them are all super important in producing healthy eggs that are high in omega-3 and low in omega-6.
Gluten free is a real buzz word these days. Is it just a fad? If you're feeling left out and want to learn how to become gluten intolerant check out this video.
But if you want to get the real low down on gluten and grains, this article has to be the best I have read. It lays out clearly why grains are unhealthy and gluten is one part of this.
And this article explains what is wrong with modern wheat compared to ancient wheat. The wheat we eat today is lower in nutrients, much higher in gluten and is prepared differently.
And I think the other part to this is that we eat so many grains because it is cheap and convenient. If you had to grow your own wheat, harvest it by hand and grind your own wheat berries, then you would be eating way less wheat.
The more I read about nutrition, the more I am convinced that it comes down to one simple rule - eat whole foods, grown naturally. As I talk about in my food manifesto, I think we over complicate things. Nature has provided perfect packages of food that should be eaten as a whole. If you juice fruit, you lose the fiber which changes the way it is digested. Don't muck with the system!
I planted a banana tree last year (lady fingers) and finally my first bunch of bananas have appeared. I've been keeping an eye on them and when they start to ripen I will have to cover them with a bag to (hopefully) keep the bats and possums from eating them.
Here is a decent guide to growing bananas, although I'm still testing out what works best.
I was picking some beans over the weekend and out of the corner of my eye noticed a massive snake curled up in the bottom of the garden bed. I had been leaning right over it and it scared the sh*t out of me.
It was a carpet python, which is not poisonous. But carpet pythons still bite. And it would have been about 3 meters long.
I hate snakes, so I called up my brother in law to give me a hand. We caught it, put it in a bag and relocated it to some local bushland. If you don't relocate them far enough, sometimes they can come back. So I'm keeping an extra eye out for snakes at the moment.
I've discovered salad spinners and decided they are the best invention ever. I know - I'm a wierdo that gets excited about salad spinners.
The alternative to a salad spinner is to wash salad under a tap and pat it dry with a towel. But this only gets the leaves 'sort of' dry, which can make your food soggy. And dressings don't cling to wet leaves, which means all the salad dressing ends up on the bottom of the bowl.
The other benefit is convenience and less waste. Washing salad leaves is an annoying job. And if they aren't fully dry, they go bad very quick. Which means every time you want greens you have to wash them. Instead, with a salad spinner you can wash a whole lettuce or a bunch of greens from your garden and store them pre-washed in a container in your fridge. This will keep your greens fresher for longer. I also find myself eating more greens when they're washed because it's easy to grab from the fridge - no washing required.
Salad spinners are not just for lettuce leaves. Here is a good post with 10 alternative uses for a salad spinner (I'm not so sure about the idea of washing clothes in one).
Again - best invention ever! Do yourself a favour and get a salad spinner.


ZONE RV has a reputation for being the lightest and strongest caravan on the market, and now it's about to get even LIGHTER and STRONGER.
Our high performing R&D team led by ZONE RV Director David Biggar, have been working on a new project set to make all ZONE RV caravans even lighter and stronger. The all new 2.0 Range refinements include a new chassis and cabinetry system. David gave us a sneak preview of the new developments in this video, watch below to find out more or visit our 2.0 web page here.