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Новине су штампани медији који редовно излазе, најчешће дневно или недељно, и објављују разне вести из друштвеног, политичког, културног и спортског живота, извештавају о важним догађајима, доносе приче, романе у наставцима и стрипове, објављују огласе, рекламе итд. Углавном садрже вести, информације и огласе и обично се штампају на релативно јефтином папиру. Новинари или журналисти су људи чији је посао писање за новине. Делатност писања и издавања новина назива се новинарство или журналистика (, од  – журнал = "новине").

Дневне новине су новине које излазе свакодневно. Зову их и дневници (једн. дневник). Људе обавештавају о битним догађајима јучерашњег дана. Постоје недељне новине (недељник), полумесечне новине (полумесечник), месечне новине (месечник) и годишње новине (годишњак). Неке од врста новина по тематици су журнали и часописи. Преувеличана или лажна вест у новинама назива се новинска патка.

До 2007. било је 6.580 дневних новина у свету, а продавало се 395 милиона примерака дневно. Светска рецесија од 2008, у комбинацији са брзим растом ВЕБ-алтернатива, изазвала је озбиљни пад оглашавања и продаје новина. Светски годишњи приход је приближио 100 милијарди долара у периоду 2005-7, а потом је пао током светске финансијске кризе 2008-9. Приходи у 2016. години пали су на само 53 милијарде долара, што је стварало проблеме свим већим издавачима, јер су њихови напори да добију онлајне приходе зантно подбацили.

На издавању, уређивању и писању тих публикација ради велики број људи, разних занимања и опредељења, новинара, политичара, просветних радника, научника, свештеника, официра, студената, ђака.

Историјат

Новине су најстарији начин ширења вести, а у данашњем облику су настале пре око три стотине година.

Прве новине су вероватно настале тамо где и прво писмо, у Месопотамији и Египту. У Риму Цезарове "зидне новине" писали су {actuarii}-. Објављивали су само вести из Сената, па су их звали -{Acta Seanatus}-. Ширењем садржаја добиле су назив -{Acta diurna}- (дневна акта, новине).

-{Diurnorum scriptori}- су претече новинара. У 13. веку су Енглеској, Немачкој и Италији изашле прве писане новине. Тематика тих новина су били ратови, витешки турнири, открића нових земаља и разне трговачке информације. Овакав начин преношења информација проширио се све до Амстердама, Венеције и Келна, где су до данас сачуване новине из 15. и 16. века.

Новине су свој данашњи облик добиле тек у 17. веку, с развојем трговине и писмености. Све до друге половине 20. века и појаве телевизије су представљали најважнији извор информација у свету, односно најважније средство за креирање јавног мњења.

Историјат српских новина

Историја српске породичне штампе почиње с часописом "Славено-сербски магазин". Оснивач и уредник часописа је Захарије Орфелин, а штампан је у Венецији 1768. године. Иако је изашао само један број, овај часопис се може сматрати и почетком српске публицистике. У његовом предговору на тринаест страна Орфелин расправља о актуелним питањима културног живота код Срба и излаже одређене идеје и програме. Овај предговор историчари сматрају за веома значајан текст у којем су први пут на српском језику изнете рационалистичке и просветитељске доктрине европског 18. века.

Прве новине на српском језику, "Сербскија новини", појавиле су се такође изван територије данашње Србије, у Бечу 1791. године. Први српски дневник, такође штампан у Бечу, "Новине сербске", изашао је 1813, као и први српски алманах, "Забавник", 1816. године. Неколико значајних српских листова и часописа излазило је у првој половини 19. века у Пешти, а први је Летопис Матице српске, покренут 1825, који излази и данас као један од најстаријих књижевних часописа у Европи.

На територији данашње Републике Србије новине излазе од 1834. године, најпре у Крагујевцу, тадашњој престоници кнеза Милоша, одмах затим у Београду, а нешто касније у Новом Саду, Сремским Карловцима, Земуну, Сомбору, Вршцу, Панчеву, Приштини. У другој половини 19. века српски листови јављају се у Босни и Херцеговини (1866), Црној Гори (1871), Хрватској (1874) а крајем века и српски исељеници у северној Америци почињу да издају своје новине.

Уочи балканских ратова, 1911. године, излазила су укупно 252 српска листа и часописа од којих у Краљевини Србији 152, а само у Београду 105. Интересантно је да је у САД излазила чак 17, знатно више него у нашим суседним земљама.

Оглашавање

Новине типично генеришу 70–80% свог прихода од оглашавања, а остатак од продаје и претплате. Део новина који се не бави оглашавањем назива се "уреднички садржај", уредништво или едиториали, мада се задњи термин такође специфично користи за чланке у којима новине и њихови гостујући писци изражавају своја мишљења. (Ова разлика се међутим постепено развила – рани издавачи попут Жирардена (Француска) и Цанга (Аустрија) нису увек правили разлику између плаћених ставки и уређивачког садржаја.) Пословни модел у коме оглашавање субвенционише трошкове штампања и дистрибуције новина (и да се притом ствара профит) уместо да претплатници покривају целокупне трошкове, вероватно је први пут примењен 1833. године у новинама -{The Sun}-, дневним новинама које су објављиване у Њујорку. Уместо да наплаћују 6 центи по копији, што је била цена типичних њујоршких новина у то време, они су наплаћвали 1 цент, и зависили су од ограшавања за покривање разлике.

Новине у земљама са веома добрим приступом вебу су биле погођене опадањем интереса традиционалних оглашавача. Они су могли да се ослањају на робне куће и супермаркете у прошлости да закупљују рекламне странице новина, али је због консолидације индустрије потражња сада много мање. Додатно, новине сведоче плелаз традиционалних оглашавача на нове медијске платформе. Огласна категорија је знатним делом пренета на сајтове попут Крејгслисте, сајтове за запошљавање, и ауто сајтове. Национални оглашавачи прелазе на многе типове дигиталног садржаја укључујући вебсајтове, богате медијске платформе, и мобилне уређаје.

Задњих година су се појавили рекламни чланци. Они се обично сматрају супротношћу едиторијала, јер за њих треће стране плаћају провизију да би били укључени у новине. Рекламни чланци огично оглашавају нове производе и технике, као што је нови дизајн за голф опрему, нови вид ласерске хирургије, или лекови против гојазности. Њихов тон је обично ближи оном у саопштењима него објективним новинским чланцима. Такви чланци се обично јасно разликују од уређивачког садржаја, било по дизајну и изгледу странице или по натписима којима се декларише да је чланак реклама. Међутим, постоји све већа забринутост због губљења линије разграничавања између уређивачког и оглашивачког садржаја.

Журнализам

Новине су иницијално започеле као журнали (записи о актуелним догађајима). Стога се професија која се бави израдом новина названа журнализам. У ери жутог новинарства 19. века, многе новине у Сједињеним Државама ослањале су се на сензационалне приче чија сврха је била да наљуте и узбуде јавност, пре него да информишу. Уздржани стил извештавања који се ослања на проверу чињеница и тачност је поново постао популаран у време Другог светског рата. Критика новинарства је варирала, а понекад је била жестока. Кредибилитет се доводио у питање због анонимних извора; грешака у чињеницама, правопису и граматици; стварне или спознајне пристрасности; и скандала услед плагијата и фабрикација.

У прошлости, новине су често биле у власништву такозваних барона штампе, и кориштене су за задобијање политичког гласа. Након 1920. године већина већих новина постала је део ланаца којима управљају велике медијске корпорације, као што су Ганет, Херст корпорација, Кокс ентерпрајс, Ландмарк медијско предузеће, Морис комуникације, Трибјун компанија, Холинџер интернатионал , Њуз корпорејшон, Свифт комуникације, итд. Новине су у модерном свету играле важну улогу у остваривању слободе изражавања. Лица која обавештавају о недозвољеним активностима, и она која "процурују" приче о корупцији у политичким круговима често својевољно информишу новине пре него друге комуникационе медијуме, ослањајући се на утисак да су уредници новина спремни да изложе тајне и лажи оних који би их радије притајили. Међутим, било је много околности у којима је политичка аутономија новина ограничена. Недавна истраживања је испитивала ефекте затварања новина на поновини избор људи на власти, одзив гласача, и трошкове кампања.

Мишљења других писаца и читалаца су изражена у новинским секцијама оп-ед ("супротно уредничкој страници") и писма уреднику. Неки од начина на које су новине покушавале да побољшају своју кредибилност су: именовање омбудсмана, развој етичке политике и обуке, примена строже политике исправљања, комуницирање својих процеса и рационала читаоцима, и тражење од извора да прегледају чланке након објављивања.

Утицај телевизије и Интернета

До касних 1990-их, доступност вести путем телевизијских канала који емитују 24 сата дневно, као и доступности интернет новинарства су већ представљали стални изазов пословном моделу већине новина у развијеним земљама. Преплатничка циркулација је опала, док се приход од оглашавања — који сачињава највећи део зараде новина — премештао из штампе у нове медије (вебсајтове друштвених медија и веб странице вести), што је резултирало у општем смањењу прихода и профита штампаних новина. Многе новине широм света су покренуле онлајн издања током 2000-их, у покушају да прате или остану испред своје публике. Један од великих изазова је то што су бројни онлајн новински сајтови, као што су Гугл вести, бесплатни. Знатан део онлајн новинских сајтова је бесплатан, и ослања се на оглашавање; други сајтови имају "платни зид" и захтевају плаћену претплату за пун приступ. За разлику од тога, у неразвијеним земљама, јефтинија штампа и дистрибуција, повећана писменост, растућа средња класа и други фактори више су него компензовали за појаву електронских медија, те заступљеност новина и даље расте.

Дана 10. априла 1995, Амерички репортер су постале прве дневе новине базиране на Интернету, са својим сопственим плаћеним репортерима широм света и потпуно оригиналним садржајем. Главни и одговорни уредник и оснивач је Џо Шеј. Сајт је у власништву 400 новинара. Будућност новина у земљама са високим нивоом приступа Интернету је широко расправљана, јер се индустрија суочила са порастом цена новина, смањењем продаје реклама, губитком знатног дела огласног садржаја услед појаве Крејгслисте, Ибеја и других веб сајтова, и наглим падом циркулације. Током касних 1990-их бројне новине су биле пред затварањем, стечајом или озбиљним смањењем броја запослених - посебно у Сједињеним Државама, где је индустрија умањена за петину својих новинара из 2001. године. Приход је стрмоглаво опадао док је конкуренција интернетских медија притискала старије издаваче штампаних издања.

Дебата је постала још ургентнија током рецесије у периоду 2008-2009. године, која је довела до даљег снижења новинских профита, а једном експлозиван пораст новинских веб прихода је почео да стагнира, чиме је заустављено оно што се индустрија надала да ће постати важан извор прихода. Питање је да ли се новинска индустрија суочава са цикличним кораком (или падом), или је нова технологија учинила штампане новине застарелим, барем у њиховом традиционалном папирном формату. До 2017. године, све већи удео младих особа добија своје вести са сајтова друштвених медија као што је Фејсбук. Током 2010-их, многе традиционалне новине су почеле да нуде "дигитална издања", која су доступачна путем стоних рачунара, лаптопа, и мобилних уређаја, као што су таблични рачунари и паметни телефони. Онлајн новине могу да понуде нове огласне могућности новинским предузећима, као што је оглашавање путем интернета које омогућава много прецизније циљање огласа; са онлајн новинама се на пример могу различитим читаоцима, као што су беби-бумери и миленијали, послати различити огласи.

Данашње новине

Најпознатије новине у Србији су:

 Блиц
 24 сата
 Политика
 Курир
 Данас
 Вечерње новости
 Nova (новине)
 Дневник
 Информер
 Ало!
 Objektiv (новине)
 Srpski telegraf
 Спорт
 Спортски журнал

Види још
 Часопис
 Новинарство
 Новинар

Референце

Литература

 Willings Press Guide (134th ed. 3 vol. 2010), comprehensive guide to world press. Vol 1 UK, Vol 2 Europe and Vol 3 World.
 Editor and Publisher International Year Book (90th ed. 2009), comprehensive guide to American newspapers

 Conley, David, and Stephen Lamble. The Daily Miracle: An Introduction to Journalism (3rd ed. 2006), 518pp; global viewpoint
 Harrower, Tim. The Newspaper Designer's Handbook (6th ed. 2007) excerpt and text search
 Jones, Alex. Losing the News: The Future of the News That Feeds Democracy (2009)
 Kaltenbrunner, Andy and Matthias Karmasin and Daniela Kraus, eds. "The Journalism Report V: Innovation and Transition", Facultas, 2017
 Quick, Amanda C. ed. World Press Encyclopedia: A Survey of Press Systems Worldwide (2nd ed. 2 vol 2002); 2500 pp; highly detailed coverage of every country large and small.
 de Beer Arnold S. and John C. Merrill, eds. Global Journalism: Topical Issues and Media Systems (5th ed. 2008)
 Shoemaker, Pamela J. and Akiba A. Cohen, eds. News Around the World: Content, Practitioners, and the Public (2nd ed. 2005)

 Sterling, Christopher H. (ed.), Encyclopedia of journalism, Thousand Oaks, California: SAGE, 2009, 6 vols.
 Sousa, Jorge Pedro Sousa (Coord.); Maria do Carmo Castelo Branco; Mário Pinto; Sandra Tuna; Gabriel Silva; Eduardo Zilles Borba; Mônica Delicato; Carlos Duarte; Nair Silva; Patrícia Teixeira. A Gazeta "da Restauração": Primeiro Periódico Português. Uma análise do discurso VOL. II — Reproduções .
 Walravens, Hartmut, ed. Newspapers in Central And Eastern Europe (2004) 251pp
 Williams, Kevin. Read All About It!: A History of the British Newspaper (2009) excerpt and text search

Спољашње везе

 -{NewsTornado – Worldwide Newspaper Circulation Map}-
 -{Print Culture at A History of Central Florida Podcast}-
 -{Chart – Real and Fake News (2016)/Vanessa Otero (basis) (Mark Frauenfelder)}-
 -{Chart – Real and Fake News (2014) (2016)/Pew Research Center}-

Новински архиви
 -{Newspapercat – University of Florida Historical Digital Newspaper Catalog Collection}-
 -{Historical newspapers from 1700s–Present : Newspapers.com}-
 -{Historical newspaper database, from NewspaperARCHIVE.com}-
 -{More than 8m pages of Historic European newspapers Free}-
 -{Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers from National Digital Newspaper Program.}-

Штампани медији
Новинарство
Периодичне публикације
Средства информисања


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text:
#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include "config.h"
#endif

#include <libMXF++/MXF.h>

using namespace std;
using namespace mxfpp;

const mxfKey DMSetBase::setKey = MXF_SET_K(DMSet);

DMSetBase::DMSetBase(HeaderMetadata *headerMetadata)
: InterchangeObject(headerMetadata, headerMetadata->createCSet(&setKey))
{
    headerMetadata->add(this);
}

DMSetBase::DMSetBase(HeaderMetadata *headerMetadata, ::MXFMetadataSet *cMetadataSet)
: InterchangeObject(headerMetadata, cMetadataSet)
{}

DMSetBase::~DMSetBase()
{}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Adds a group to a lifecycle policy.
groupId Guid The id of the group to add to the policy.
If successful, this method returns 200 OK response code. If the group is added to the policy, a true value is returned in the response body. Otherwise, a false value is returned in the reponse body.


text:
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Consumers Willing to Pay More for Verification
Survey respondents value third-party authentication of responsible sourcing.
Sep 22, 2019 10:03 AM By Rapaport News
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极好的
RAPAPORT... Consumers are prepared to pay a premium for a diamond that has been verified as responsibly sourced, MVI Marketing found in a survey.
Approximately one third of consumers would shell out an extra 5% on top of the retail price for a diamond that has been authenticated by an independent body as being responsibly mined, or sustainably lab-grown, or for which the country of origin was known. About a fifth of those surveyed would pay an additional 10%.
Nearly half of respondents stated they would not buy diamond jewelry from a lab or mine that was known to have an adverse social or environmental impact at their site and on their workers, while 30% said it was somewhat important to them. Similarly, 50% of those surveyed said they would be more likely to purchase a jewelry brand that they knew had a positive impact over other brands they weren't sure about.
When it comes to third-party verification and knowing a diamond's country of origin, 48% considered it very important for mined diamonds, while 44% felt that way about lab-grown stones, the data showed. Outside verification made consumers even more likely to open their wallets: Some 7% of those surveyed gave the highest rating in terms of confidence in self-created standards, while 20% voted that way for standards created by multiple companies or verified by a third party.
Meanwhile, when asked what they considered most important to know prior to purchasing, other than price, respondents ranked the 4Cs first and a grading certificate second, followed by the brand's reputation. Verification that a diamond was mined using socially and environmentally responsible methods came in fourth.
MVI conducted the survey in July 2019 among 1,506 individuals aged 23 to 55, with a household income over $50,000, who have purchased or received fine jewelry within the past year. Some 70% were female and 30% male, while 77% were US citizens, and 23% were Canadian.
Image: A pair of diamond earrings. (Shutterstock)
Tags: MVI Marketing, MVI Marketing survey, Rapaport News, Third-party verification
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
/recommendto/form?webId=%2Fcontent%2Fjournals%2F15699889&title=Language+Problems+and+Language+Planning&issn=0272-2690&eissn=1569-9889
Language Problems and Language Planning — Recommend this title to your library
Language Problems and Language Planning
No language policy without translation policy
A comparison of Flanders and Wales
Author(s): Reine Meylaerts 1 and Gabriel González Núñez 2
1 KU Leuven
2 KU Leuven University of Texas at Brownsville
Source: Language Problems and Language Planning, Volume 42, Issue 2, Jan 2018, p. 196 - 219
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1075/lplp.00028.mey
Version of Record published : 21 Jun 2018
A major challenge for authorities in the modern world is the linguistic integration of minorities. In this context, language policies play a key role as authorities are increasingly faced with the challenge of adjusting their language policies in order to secure the linguistic rights and thus the integration of their multilingual populations. In multilingual democracies, these language policies must include choices about the use or non-use of translation. These choices, when they are systematic, become policies of their own in terms of translation. Thus, translation policies arise in part as a consequence of language policies, and there can be no language policy without an attendant translation policy. This article sheds light on the role of translation policies as part of language policy. Specifically, it shows that translation policies can be a tool for integration and recognition or exclusion and neglect of speakers of minority languages and therefore deserve special attention. This is done by comparing the translation policies adopted in Flanders and Wales, both as applied to autochthonous linguistic minorities and allochthonous linguistic minorities. Lessons can be learned from the similarities and differences of translation policies in these two regions.
© John Benjamins Publishing Company
/content/journals/10.1075/lplp.00028.mey
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http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.1075/lplp.00028.mey
Keyword(s): Flanders , interpreting , language policy , translation , translation policy and Wales
Language Planning as a Discourse on Language and Society: The Linguistic Ideology of a Scholarly Tradition
Author(s): Jan Blommaert
English as an official language in South Korea: Global English or social malady?
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Language Planning Goals: A Classification
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The native-non-native dichotomy in minority language contexts: Comparisons between Irish and Galician
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"You see me no up": Is Singlish a problem?
Author(s): Chng Huang Hoon
One Nation, Four Hundred Languages: Unity and Diversity in Nigeria's Language Policy
Author(s): F. Niyi Akinnaso
The language policy / language economics interface and mother-tongue education in post-apartheid South Africa
10.1075/lplp.00028.mey


text:
Remote Traveler Support Functionality
The Remote Traveler Support Subsystem (RTSS) provides access to traveler information at transit stations, transit stops, other fixed sites along travel routes (e.g., rest stops, merchant locations), and major trip generation locations such as special event centers, hotels, office complexes, amusement parks, and theaters. Traveler information access points include kiosks and informational displays supporting varied levels of interaction and information access. At transit stops, simple displays providing schedule information and imminent arrival signals can be provided. This basic information may be extended to include multi-modal information including traffic conditions and transit schedules along with yellow pages information to support mode and route selection at major trip generation sites. Personalized route planning and route guidance information can also be provided based on criteria supplied by the traveler. The subsystem also supports electronic payment of transit fares.
In addition to the traveler information provisions, this subsystem also supports security and safety monitoring of public areas. This monitoring includes traveler activated silent alarms, as well as surveillance and sensor equipment. The surveillance equipment includes video (e.g. CCTV cameras) and/or audio systems. The sensor equipment includes threat sensors (e.g. chemical agent, toxic industrial chemical, biological, explosives, and radiological sensors) and object detection sensors (e.g. metal detectors).
Functional Area: Remote Transit Information Services
Public traveler interface that provides real-time travel-related information at transit stops and multi-modal transfer points, including general annunciation, display of imminent arrival information, the latest available information on transit routes, schedules, transfer options, available services, fares, and real-time schedule adherence.
1 The public interface for travelers shall collect and provide real-time travel-related information at transit stops, multi-modal transfer points, and other public transportation areas. Existing
2 The public interface for travelers shall collect and present to the transit traveler information on transit routes, schedules, and real-time schedule adherence. Existing
3 The public interface for travelers shall provide support for general annunciation and/or display of imminent arrival information and other information of general interest to transit users. Existing
4 The public interface for travelers shall present information to the traveler in a form suitable for travelers with physical disabilities. Existing


text:
\section{Introduction}
Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD)  mechanisms are  often invoked to  explain the
launching,  acceleration  and collimation  of  jets  from Young  Stellar
Objects,  X-ray binaries, Active  Galactic Nuclei  (AGNs), Microquasars,
and  Quasars \citep[see,  {\it  e.g.},][and references  therein]{DLM01}.
Strongly  magnetized jets,  particularly  those with  a strong  toroidal
field  encircling  the  collimated   flow,  are  often  referred  to  as
``current-carrying'' or ``Poynting flux-dominated'' (PFD) jets.  A large
current flowing parallel to the jet flow is responsible for generating a
strong, tightly wound  helical magnetic field.  The global  picture of a
current-carrying  jet   with  a   closed  current  system   linking  the
magnetosphere of the central engine  and the hot spots was introduced by
\citet[]{B78, B06} and applied to AGN double radio sources.  This closed
current system includes a pair of current circuits, each containing both
a forward electric current path  (the jet flow itself, with its toroidal
magnetic field,  toward the  lobe), and a  return electric  current path
(along some  path back to the  AGN core).

Theory of magnetically driven outflows in the electromagnetic regime has
been  proposed  by  \citet[]{B76}  and  \citet[]{L76}  and  subsequently
applied  to  rotating  black  holes  \citep[]{BZ77}  and  to  magnetized
accretion  disks  \citep[]{BP82}.   An underlying  large-scale  poloidal
field for  producing the magnetically driven jets  is almost universally
assumed in  many theoretical/numerical models.  However,  the origin and
existence  of   such  a  galactic   magnetic  field  are   still  poorly
understood. In  contrast with the large-scale  field models, Lynden-Bell
\citep[]{L96} examined  the ``magnetic  tower''; expansion of  the local
force-free magnetic loops anchored to the star and the accretion disk by
using  the semi-analytic  approach.  Global  magnetostatic  solutions of
magnetic  towers with external  thermal pressure  were also  computed by
\citet[]{Li01}  using the Grad-Shafranov  equation in  axisymmetry. Full
three-dimensional MHD numerical simulations of magnetic towers have been
performed by \citet[]{K04b}.

Recent  X-ray  and  radio   observations  have  revealed  the  dynamical
interaction  between the  outbursts  driven by  AGN  and the  background
IGM/ICM, such  as X-ray  "cavities" with corresponding  radio "bubbles''
\citep[]{F00,  C03, K06,  W07, G07}.   The cavities  are believed  to be
filled  with very  low density  relativistic plasma,  inflated  from the
electromagnetic  jets  that  are  being  powered by  AGNs.   This  paper
describes  nonlinear  dynamics of  propagating  magnetic  tower jets  in
galaxy cluster scales  ($>$ tens of kpc) based  on three-dimensional MHD
simulations  to  argue the  jet/lobe  transition  \citep[]{N06} and  the
stability properties \citep[]{N07}.

\section{Numerical Setup}
We  solve the  nonlinear system  of time-dependent  ideal  MHD equations
numerically  in a  3-D Cartesian  coordinate system  $(x,\,y,\,z)$.  The
basic numerical  treatments are  introduced in \citet[]{L06,  N06, N07}.
We  assume an  initial  hydrostatic equilibrium  in the  gravitationally
stratified medium,  adopting an iso-thermal King  model \citep[]{K62} to
model  the magnetic  towers from  AGNs in  galaxy cluster  systems.  AGN
accretion disk can not be resolved in our computational domain, and thus
the magnetic flux and the mass  are steadily injected in a central small
volume during a certain time period.  Since the injected magnetic fields
are  not  force-free, they  will  evolve  as  a ``magnetic  tower''  and
interact with the  ambient medium. In the present  paper, we present two
different runs: one is called  the ``unperturbed case'' in the following
discussion,  which is  a run  without  any initial  perturbation to  the
background  initial profiles  \citep[]{N06}.   The other  is called  the
``perturbed case'', where a finite amplitude perturbation (a few percent
of  the  background sound  speed)  is given  to  the  velocities of  the
background gas \citep[]{N07}.

The total computational domain is  taken to be $|x|,\,|y|,\,|z| \leq 16$
corresponding to a  (160 kpc:$-80$ to $80$ kpc)$^3$  box.  The numerical
grids are $240^3$  in the unperturbed case and  $320^3$ in the perturbed
case.  Normalizing  factors are a  length $R_0 =  5$ kpc, a  sound speed
$C_{\rm s0} =  4.6 \times 10^7$ cm s$^{-1}$, a time  $t_{0} = 1.0 \times
10^7$ yr, a density $\rho_{0}  = 5.0 \times 10^{-27}$ g cm$^{-3}$.  The
corresponding unit pressure $p_0$ as  $ \rho_0 C_{\rm s0}^2 = 1.4 \times
10^{-11}$ dyn cm$^{-2}$, and the unit magnetic field $B_{0}$ as $\sqrt{4
\pi \rho_0 C_{\rm  s0}^2}=17.1$ $\mu$G.  The initial sound  speed in the
simulation   is  constant,   $C_{\rm   s}=\gamma^{1/2}  \approx   1.29$,
throughout the  computational domain, which  give a sound  crossing time
$\tau_{\rm s}  \approx 0.78$,  corresponding to a  typical time  scale $
R_{0} / C_{\rm  s0} \approx 10.0$ Myr.  Therefore,  $t=1$ is equivalent
to the unit time  scale $12.8$ Myr.  In the King model  we use here, we
adopt the cluster core radius $R_{\rm c}$ to be $4.0$ (i.e., 20 kpc) and
the slope $\kappa$ to be $1.0$ in the unperturbed case and $0.75$ in the
perturbed case.  Magnetic fluxes and mass are continuously injected into
a central  volume of the computational  domain for $t_{\rm  inj} = 3.1$,
after which  the injection is  turned off.  A magnetic  energy injection
rate is  $\sim 10^{43}$  ergs s$^{-1}$, a  mass injection rate  is $\sim
0.046 M_\odot$/yr, and an injection time is $\sim 40$ Myr.

\section{Results}
\begin{figure}[!h]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[scale=0.8,            angle=0,            clip]{f1.eps}
\caption{\label{fig:f1} Distribution of density in the $x-z$ plane along
with the  poloidal velocity ({\em  left}) and three-dimensional  view of
selected magnetic field lines ({\em right}) for the perturbed case.  }
\end{center}
\end{figure}

During the dynamical  evolution of magnetic tower jet,  the narrow ``jet
body'' and  the expanded ``lobe'' are  formed as shown in  Fig.  1 ({\em
left}). The  3D view of  magnetic field lines  as illustrated in  Fig. 1
({\em right}) indicates  that the magnetic tower jet  has a well-ordered
helical field  configuration showing that a tightly  wound central helix
goes up along  the central axis and a loosely wound  helix comes back at
the  outer  edge of  the  magnetic  tower.  The profiles  of  underlying
external gas plays an important role in the transition of jet/lobe.  The
jet body  is confined jointly by  the external pressure  and the gravity
inside $R_{\rm c}$, while  it expands radially beyond $R_{\rm c}$ to
form the lobe in a steeply decreasing ambient pressure.

\begin{figure}[!h]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[scale=0.32,            angle=0,           clip]{f2.eps}
\caption{\label{fig2} Radial profiles of the forces ({\em left}) and the
magnetic  field components  ({\em  right}) along  the  $x$-axis for  the
unperturbed case. The position of the magnetic tower edge is shown.  }
\end{center}
\end{figure}

The jet  axial current and the  ambient gas pressure  can determine the
radius of  the magnetically dominated lobes \citep[]{N06},  that is, the
internal  gas  pressure  plays a  minor  role  in  the lobes  which  are
typically  seen in  FR I  radio galaxies  \citep[]{C03}.   Our numerical
result shows the magnetically  dominated lobes expand subsonically which
can   be  seen   in  some   observations  \citep[]{K06}.    A  preceding
hydrodynamic shock wave beyond the  tower, which may be identified as an
AGN-driven shock in recent X-ray observations \citep[]{F05, F06}.

\begin{figure}[!h]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[scale=0.625,          angle=0,            clip]{f3.eps}
\caption{\label{fig:f3}  Distribution of  axial current  density  in the
$x-z$  ({\em  left}) for  the  perturbed  case.  Time variation  of  the
azimuthal  Fourier power  of the  current density  with the  axial ($z$)
wavelengths  $\lambda=6.0$   ({\em  middle})  and   $\lambda=2.0$  ({\em
right}).  }
\end{center}
\end{figure}

The  outer edge  of the  magnetic tower may be identified  as a tangential
discontinuity without the normal  field component. The interior of tower
(lobe)  is  separated from  the  non-magnetized  external  gas via  this
discontinuity.  Figure 2 shows  the distributions of forces ({\em left})
and  the  magnetic  field  components  ({\em right})  along  the  radial
directions.  At the tower edge, the outwardly directed magnetic pressure
gradient force  is roughly balanced  with the inwardly  directed thermal
pressure gradient  force. On  the other  hand, at the  core part  of jet
body, the  quasi-force free equilibrium  is achieved. In the  context of
magnetically  controlled  fusion  systems,  the  helical  field  in  the
magnetic  tower  can be  regarded  as  the  reversed field  pinch  (RFP)
profile.

The current-carrying magnetic tower  jet, which possesses a highly wound
helical  field,  is subject  to  the  current-driven instability  (CDI).
Although the destabilizing criteria will  be modified by the ambient gas
and the  RFP configuration  of the tower,  we find that  the propagating
magnetic tower  jets can develop  the non-axisymmetric CDI  modes.  Both
the  internal elliptical  ($m=2$) mode  (Fig.  3  {\em right})  like the
``double  helix'' and  the  external  kink ($m=1$)  mode  (Fig.  3  {\em
middle}) grow to produce the wiggles at the different parts (Fig. 3 {\em
left}) \citep[]{N07}.  This morphological  feature (the jet  is suddenly
disrupted at  the lobe  region with visible  [external] wiggles)  can be
observed in Hercules A \citep[]{GL03}.

\section{Conclusion}
By  performing 3D MHD  simulations, we  have investigated  the nonlinear
dynamics of magnetic tower jets  in the galaxy cluster system. Under the
gravitationally stratified  atmosphere, the  magnetic tower jet  forms a
global current  closure system having  the reverse field  pinch magnetic
configuration. The magnetic  tower jet is well confined  by the external
gas pressure to form the collimated ``jet body'' inside the cluster core
radius.  The  narrow  jet  expands  radially to  form  the  magnetically
dominated ``lobe'' beyond the cluster core radius. Thus, the profiles of
underlying  external gas  play a  important  role in  the transition  of
jets/lobes.

The current-carrying  tower jet, which possesses a  highly wound helical
magnetic  field, is subject  to the  current-driven instability.  In the
gravitationally stratified atmosphere, the effect of thermal confinement
on the  magnetic tower jet will get  gradually weaker as it  grows. As a
result,  a separation  of current  flowing  path between  the jet  axial
current and the return current occurs. Therefore, the edge of the jet
axial current becomes a free boundary against the external kink mode to
produce the visible wiggles as seen in some observations.

\acknowledgements
This work  was carried  out under the  auspices of the  National Nuclear
Security Administration of  the U.S. Department of Energy  at Los Alamos
National  Laboratory  under  Contract  No.  DE-AC52-06NA25396.   It  was
supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at
LANL and by IGPP at LANL.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Coronavirus In Wisconsin
Students at Madison Crossing Elementary School in Canton, Miss., eat lunch in the school's cafeteria on Friday, Aug. 9, 2019. Rogelio V. Solis/AP Photo
Waukesha School Board Reverses Course, Takes Federal Money To Fund Free School Meals
Waukesha Was Only Eligible Wisconsin District To Opt Out Of Federal Program
By Madeline Fox
Monday, August 30, 2021, 8:40pm
The Waukesha School District's Board voted 5-4 Monday night to rescind its June decision not to participate in a temporary federal program that provides free school lunches to all families regardless of income after previously being the only eligible Wisconsin school district to opt out.
"As I learned more about some of the situations that exist in our community, I became concerned that our administration wouldn't be able to reach them all," said Board President Joseph Como Jr. "I believe it was important to make sure that all children were fed, and I also believe that this program should not exist forever, and this board needs to make sure it does not continue forever."
Before the COVID-19 pandemic, students could get school lunches for free, at a reduced rate or by paying full price — though even full-price school lunches are partially federally subsidized. Under the Seamless Summer Option, which began during the pandemic and was later extended through June 2022, all students within the community under age 18 are eligible for free meals, regardless of their income and without requiring them to apply.
The Waukesha School Board voted unanimously in June not to continue with the Seamless Summer Option that provides universally free meals. Instead, the board opted return to the pre-pandemic National School Lunch Program, which offers the free and reduced-price options to families who apply and are approved. Waukesha received national attention last week for being the only school district — out of Wisconsin's 408 districts eligible for the Seamless Summer Option — to reject it.
At Monday's meeting, the board voted to take up the Seamless Summer Option although several of the board members who voted in favor said they, like Como, saw it as only a temporary solution.
Board member Greg Deets said he's learned more about his community's needs and the program since his initial vote in June, which prompted him to change his mind.
"The truth is that many of our students are hungry throughout the school day, and we have the ability to do something about that," he said. "These are stressful times, and it is well known that hunger directly impacts our students' behavior and their ability to learn."
Board members said they were inundated with calls and emails over the last several days, including threats.
"I was told to put a bullet in my head, I was told that children would die, I was told that children would starve, and that's unacceptable," said board member Corey Montiho, who voted not to rescind the June vote.
Board member Karin Rajnicek said people left dozens of low-star reviews on her salon, a "five-star business that is no longer," and people also called and left voicemails hundreds of times within a few hours. She said she understands the value of programs for free lunch, which she said helped her family through a tough financial spot, but the district has resources to keep that going for families in need without the universal Summer Seamless Option.
"If we don't start saying 'no' with our government handing out more money that we can never get out from under, we won't have the services to help all these exact children and families that we want to help," she said.
Board member Kelly Piacsek said Waukesha has enough resources to feed students without the federal program. She noted that the district's nutrition program has a $1.75 million budget surplus, and said three of the neediest schools in the district already qualify for free lunches regardless of income level without the pandemic program.
"This SSO program is wasteful by design," she said. "It inappropriately combines meeting basic needs for struggling families with federally-backed perks for high income families... Think about how much more good we could do with our food services resources if they weren't wasted on families that had the means to pay."
Several board members worried the lack of an application process for free or reduced lunches would make it harder for school administrators to identify families in need not only of food, but of other school resources.
The applications were a concern for Patrick McCaffery, the board treasurer, who said students not filling out the paperwork that shows whether they need free or reduced lunch means schools will lack data on which students need additional support beyond food.
"We are going to have to deal with a student body that will be behind educationally, and we will need the funding that you get — attached to those forms — for Title I, or the community services, or any of that stuff to help bring our students back up to where we need to be," said McCaffery.
McCaffery nevertheless voted to reverse the June decision, along with Como, Greg Deets, Bill Baumgart, and Amanda Roddy. Piacsek, Rajnicek, Montiho and Anthony Zenobia voted against.
Some school nutrition professionals have been pushing to make the program permanent. They say districts saw an increase in demand when lunches were free and it cut down on lunch-shaming against kids receiving free or reduced lunch. Roddy, the board vice president, said that kind of data can be misleading.
"Numbers look skewed sometimes, like 'Oh, more people are using it,'" she said. "Well, it gave me 15 extra minutes in the morning that I don't have to make a lunch, yes, I'm going to use it."
Still, Roddy voted to reverse the board's June decision, though she stressed it was not because of the "mob" that had inundated board members' phones and emails.
"Through all this darkness, light has been shed on areas we need to address," she said. "If this program can help for nine months, whatever this school year is going to be, let's do it, but we then hold ourselves accountable and make sure we put systems into place so that we capture the data and the information that we need which will then help us with the learning gaps, and everything else that we need to address."
The school administration's recommendation was to reverse the board's June decision and recommend Waukesha participate in the Seamless Summer Option.
"The reasoning behind this administrative position is our belief that we could better capture as many kids as possible under this program, and that it would help families that may not qualify for free and reduced lunch but may be experiencing situational poverty because of the pandemic," said Superintendent James Sebert.
Board members and administration talked about deeper concerns with federal school lunch funding — that it sets some food prices at a higher price point than the district would otherwise choose, that it creates problems when the district finishes the year with too high a budget surplus in its food program, and that regulations prevent that surplus from being directly used to pay down school lunch debts for students who did not pay.
"This is exactly what happens when you let the federal government determine how we feed kids at a local level — we can't even figure out what's going on," said Montiho. "We're trying to fix this — the reason it's so complicated is because the feds are involved."
Schools on the ballot: Referendum trends around the state
Supply chain, labor woes hit Wisconsin's school cafeterias
Though promoted as a jump start for college, experts say the AP test leaves some students behind
As COVID-19 cases drop, schools struggle to recover from the pandemic
The purge of Black teachers that followed desegregation


Fiat Industrial to move its fiscal residence to the UK; the Philippines' Gokongwei family set to launch an $800 million IPO; Bernard Matthews could be set to sell a stake in the family turkey-farming business.
Fiat Industrial – founded and still controlled by the Agnelli family via their holding company Exor – made headlines recently over its plans to adjust its operations to become a UK tax resident.
It was claimed that the move by the truck and tractor maker would cost cash-strapped Italy €500 million in lost tax revenues.
Fiat Industrial denied the claim and said in a statement published 22 May that the figure was an aggregate of the taxes payable by all of the brands in its stable – at least 46% of which would have been payable in North America, with only 5% attributable to its Italian activities.
It added: "In Italy and elsewhere, group companies maintain a legal presence in the various countries where they operate and will continue to pay taxes in those jurisdictions as before."
The UK has cut its corporation tax significantly in recent years, from 28% in 2010 to 24% today, and it is due to drop to 20% in 2015. The corporation tax rate in Italy is 31.4%.
Fiat Industrial plans to make the adjustment following the completion of its merger with Netherlands-based HGV manufacturer CNH Global in the third quarter of 2013.
In the Philippines, the Gokongwei family's retail company, Robinsons Retail Group, has appointed banks to manage an $800 million (€619 million) IPO – reportedly scheduled for the third quarter and poised to be the country's largest IPO so far this year.
The company operates department stores, supermarkets and fashion retailers, with brands including Ben Sherman and Topshop.
Deutsche Bank, UBS and J.P. Morgan have reportedly been appointed to manage the deal.
The Gokongwei family's flagship company, JG Summit, owns businesses across the petrochemical, aviation, banking, food manufacturing and telecommunication industries.
UK turkey farmers Bernard Matthews is reportedly set to sell a stake in the family business as it explores strategies to "accelerate the company's existing growth strategy and infrastructure developments".
In a statement, a spokeswoman for the Norfolk-based company said it was working with PwC to evaluate all options. "Bernard Matthews has weathered the difficult retail environment in a sound position and has the full support of its shareholders and financial advisers," she said.
Last year the company made profits of just £2 million from sales of £341 million (€399 million). The company attributed its results to rising feed prices and weak consumer spending – a trend it expected to continue throughout 2013.
Following founder Bernard Matthews' death in 2010, stakes in the business were left to a biological son from outside his marriage, his widow and a family trust.


text:
Dariali Hydropower Plant, referred to as Dariali HPP, is a 108 MW run-of-the-river hydropower plant built in 2017 in Georgia. It is located on the Tergi River in Kazbegi Municipality, at less than 1 km from the Russian-Georgian border, 160 km far from Tbilisi.

It is a diversion-type facility, including a small upstream diversion dam, a 5 km-long, 5 m diameter headrace tunnel, and a downstream underground power house.

With an overall installed capacity reaching 108 MW (three vertical Pelton turbines 36 MW each), Dariali HPP was the fourth largest hydropower plant in Georgia on the date of its commission. More importantly, it was the largest to be built in Georgia since its independence in 1991. It is expected to generate an average electricity output of 510 GWh per year for the National Grid, to which it is connected via Dariali 110kV transmission overhead line.

The project was launched in 2011, its funding was approved in May 2014 and boring works started later this year. The underground construction was completed in April 2015, and the whole facility was commissioned in April 2017.

Funding
Total cost of the project was $123 million, fairly close from the initially-planned $120 million, 23% of which correspond to the state contribution.

The agreement on construction was signed between the Government of Georgia and the company Dariali Energy JSC on May 19, 2011. Before EBRD loan approval the company had actively used the domestic (more expensive) resource to boost the project development as much as possible. The company is supported by a top European project engineering conglomerate (Landsvirkjun Power & Verkis) (Iceland) which provides the project's engineering supervision and preparation and implementation of the construction project. Construction and electromechanical contracts have been executed according to FIDIC standards, which makes the employer-contractor relationship the most transparent and effective.

In August 2014, the company Dariali Energy JSC and European Bank for Reconstruction and Development signed loan agreement for up to US 80 million for the financing of the development, construction and operation of Dariali HPP, which comprises the first project financing and first successful public-private partnership project in energy sector of Georgia. This project is one of the first energy projects in Georgia to rely on limited recourse to the Sponsors and, under an A/B loan syndication structure, could provide a demonstration of new financing methods to other project developers in the market. EMEA Finance's Project Finance Awards 2014 awarded Dariali Energy JSC for the Best water project in Central and Eastern Europe.

Environment
According to the environmental and social policies of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), the project was awarded the "A" category. The categorization is based largely on the specific location of the proposed project and sensitive environment connected to the development of hydropower plants in Georgia, in general. The project is in full compliance with EC European Energy Policy adopted in 2007 and the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (enacted by Kyoto Protocol in 2005), which appeals to all states to concentrate efforts towards increasing of energy consumption efficiency through increased utilization of renewable energy sources and decrease of environmental degradation.

As a diversion-type run-of-the-river power plant, Dariali HPP required a very limited flooding the upper part of the river (the upstream impounding pond volume is 7,000 m³ ), and a reduced construction magnitude, thus drastically decreasing the environmental impact of the project both in short and long-term perspectives. Dariali HPP features a fish path, which should create close to natural conditions to the local river ichtyofauna (namely brown trout). The company is committed to maintain the biodiversity and for this purpose the Aquatic Biodiversity Action Plan by the Blue Rivers Environmental Consulting company has been developed.

The Project claims to be the first carbon neutral energy project construction in Georgia. In order to compensate for entire lifecycle GHG emissions of the project (construction works and operation), the project includes a reforestation component. 200 hectares of forest are set to be planted by 2021 in the nearby Kazbegi Municipality.

The use of Dariali HPP hydropower instead of new fossil-fueled capacities will cause the reduction of more than 250,000 tons of greenhouse gas annually, and reduce Georgia's dependence on imported fossil fuels.

Local impacts
Electricity demand in Georgia has been on the rise since 2009 and investments in new generation capacity were lagging behind. Georgia has a huge economically viable hydroelectricity generation potential (about 27 TWh/year), although only about a third of it was tapped (8,5 GWh/year) in the 2010s, allowing a large increase in future installed capacity. The Dariali HPP generated electricity will be consumed in winter locally and exported in summer. There are plans to export the electricity to Turkey, Syria, Iraq and Balkan countries, but if Georgia's economy develops further, it will be used to cover domestic needs.

According to the EBRD the project will strengthen the private energy sector in Georgia where state owned generators account for 45% of electricity consumption. Construction of Dariali HPP aimed at developing the hydroelectric potential of the Tergi River.

Income growth of Kazbegi municipality and the whole region is also expected. Construction works generated 420 jobs and plant operation requires another 70, both mostly attributed to local residents.  The facility will make an annual contribution of Lari 2,5 million to the local budget as a result of the property tax. The contractor is also involved in various social activities (for example, it sponsors the children's rugby team in Kazbegi).

Opposition
The critique focuses on the fact that the project will divert about 90% of Tergi's water leaving an approximate 8 km section of the Tergi River with minimum environmental flow only.

That is particularly problematic since the HPP borders with the territory of the Kazbegi National park. At present the possible impact on biodiversity especially brown trout listed in the Georgia Red List is being investigated and if any, relevant mitigation measures will be developed.  The landscape on this section of the gorge will also change.

One of the more known Georgian NGOs, Green Alternative, has warned already in 2012 about the increased risk of natural disasters due to inadequate analysis of the hydrological regime of the Tergi river and its tributaries, glacial rivers with large fall of stream, significant sedimentation drift and mudflow currents during heavy rain and snowmelt periods. It has filed a complaint against the company Dariali Energy, but it failed to win the cases. There was a case landslide already (in May 2014), when around 1,5 million cubic metres of landmass crashed down the mountainside and deposited in Tergi River, causing human deaths and destroying of the roads. However, there is no confirmation of the contribution of the Dariali HPP construction to this dangerous natural phenomenon.

See also

 List of power stations in Georgia (country)
 Energy in Georgia (country)

References

External links

Buildings and structures in Mtskheta-Mtianeti
Hydroelectric power stations in Georgia (country)
Dams in Georgia (country)
Run-of-the-river power stations

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Шамека Делинн Кристон (; род. 15 февраля 1982 года в Хот-Спрингсе, Арканзас) — американская профессиональная баскетболистка, выступавшая в женской национальной баскетбольной ассоциации. Была выбрана на драфте ВНБА 2004 года в первом раунде под пятым номером клубом «Нью-Йорк Либерти». Играла на позиции лёгкого форварда.

Ранние годы
Шамека Делинн Кристон родилась 15 февраля 1982 года в городе Хот-Спрингс (штат Арканзас), училась она там же в одноимённой средней школе, в которой выступала за местную баскетбольную команду.

Студенческая карьера

Профессиональная карьера

Примечания

Ссылки
 Профайл на сайте WNBA.com
 Статистика в WNBA на сайте Basketball-reference.com

Баскетболисты США
Игроки «Нью-Йорк Либерти»
Игроки ЖБК «Элицур» Рамла
Игроки ЖБК «Раанана Герцлия»
Игроки БК «Ривас Экополис»
Игроки ЖБК «Гдыня»
Игроки «Чикаго Скай»
Игроки БК «Фуэнтеррабия-Ирун»
Игроки БК «Надежда» Оренбург
Игроки «Сан-Антонио Старз»
Игроки ЖБК «Лат-Монпелье»
Игроки «Финикс Меркури»


text:
Home / News + Politics / Nation / Betsy DeVos: "I have never believed in" conversion therapy
Betsy DeVos: "I have never believed in" conversion therapy
Trump's pick for Education Secretary says she believes in the "innate value of every single human being"
Betsy DeVos – Photo: C-SPAN.
Betsy DeVos, President-elect Trump's pick to be the next U.S. Secretary of Education, defended her record on education and equality in an often contentious hearing before the Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions on Tuesday evening.
Senate Democrats on the committee, in particular, hammered DeVos with questions about her views on public education, charter schools and how they're funded, school privatization, and her views on issues like the teaching of science in schools, campus assault and her personal views on conversion therapy. They also objected to a ruling by Chairman Lamar Alexander (R-Tenn.) that limited them to one round of questions for the nominee (with no follow-ups), which many said was unprecedented.
In one exchange with Sen. Al Franken (D-Minn.), DeVos pushed back against an assertion that she supported conversion therapy because of her family's past donations, to the tune of $10 million, to the anti-LGBT organization Focus on the Family, which supports the practice on LGBT minors. Franken, citing the rejection of conversion therapy by mainstream mental and medical health organizations, asked her if she still believed in the practice of conversion therapy.
"I have never believed in that," DeVos responded. "First of all, let me say I fully embrace equality, and I believe in the innate value of every single human being, and that all students, no matter their age, should be able to attend a school and feel safe, and be free of discrimination. So let's start there."
DeVos also objected to Franken's characterization of her family's contributions, saying it does not "accurately reflect" the views of her "core family," meaning herself and her husband, and not extended family members.
The issue was also raised later by Sen. Tammy Baldwin (D-Wis.), who said she was "heartened" by DeVos' initial remarks. But Baldwin also noted that some of the organizations to which members of DeVos' family have donated are hostile to a whole range of LGBT rights.
"I assume there are LGBT students and their parents watching tonight," asked Baldwin. "What would you say to them to assure that you are going to use your position as Secretary to support LGBT students or students with LGBT parents?"
DeVos responded: "Let me restate again I embrace equality, and I firmly believe in the intrinsic value of each individual, and that every student should have the assurance of a safe and discrimination-free place to become educated. … As a mom, I just can't imagine having a child that would feel discriminated against for any reason, and I would want my child in a safe environment."
She also said that Baldwin and others who have criticized her for donations to anti-LGBT groups "may be confusing" her with some other family members or looking at contributions "from 18 or 20 years ago."
For instance, in response to a question from Sen. Maggie Hassan (D-N.H.), DeVos said she was not involved in the decision by the Edgar & Elsa Prince Foundation, which is run by her mother, to donate to Focus on the Family. When Hassan asked why several years of 990s from the Prince Foundation listed DeVos as the vice president of the foundation, DeVos said it was a "clerical error."
Prior to the hearing, both Lambda Legal and the National Center for Transgender Equality took issue with DeVos' ties to anti-LGBT groups and urged the committee to fully vet the nominee and ask in-depth, probing questions to suss out her actual views on education-related issues, particularly as they pertain to LGBT students. But the Log Cabin Republicans wrote a letter to Alexander in support of DeVos' nomination.
"Ms. DeVos has been maligned in the media as an 'anti-gay' activist — allegations directly stemming from her personal views on marriage (which are now immaterial in the aftermath of the Supreme Court's 2015 Obergefell ruling), and contributions from her family foundation (to which she was not a direct party)," Log Cabin's letter reads.
"Far from an 'anti-gay' firebreather, Ms. DeVos actually has a history of working with and supporting gay individuals," the letter continues. "When Ms. DeVos' Senior Advisor Greg McNeilly was accosted by a Michigan State Senator who threatened to make his sexual orientation a matter of public record because of his opposition to a constitutional amendment banning marriage equality, Ms. DeVos put an end to the bullying and harassment. Furthermore, in 2013, Ms. DeVos called for the resignation of then-Republican National Committeeman Dave Agema for posting erroneous and vitriolic anti-gay statements online.
"Ms. DeVos should be commended for proving that differences of opinion related to marriage equality do not equate to anti-gay animus," Log Cabin concludes. "Log Cabin Republicans stands in support of her nomination for Secretary of Education, and encourages her swift confirmation."
Education Department moves to protect transgender students from discrimination
The Considerable Charisma of OnlyFans' Diego Barros
President Biden Signs Respect for Marriage Act into Law
Bipartisan marriage equality law would protect recognition of same-sex couples' marriages in case of a Supreme Court reversal.
On Tuesday afternoon, President Joe Biden signed the Respect for Marriage Act into law, a bill that would compel the federal government and individual states to recognize same-sex marriages as valid in case the Supreme Court should overrule its previous ruling legalizing marriage equality nationwide.
At a ceremony on the White House South Lawn, featuring speeches from various elected officials and LGBTQ couples, and musical performances by the Gay Men's Chorus of Washington, Cyndi Lauper, and Sam Smith, Biden signed the bill, which passed both chambers of Congress with bipartisan support, into law.
Appeals Court Allows Washington State's Conversion Therapy Ban to Stand
Lawyers for Christian therapist blast decision, claiming the ban suppresses his right to free speech and practice according to his beliefs.
A federal appeals court has refused to reconsider an earlier order upholding Washington State's law barring licensed therapists from subjecting minors to so-called "conversion therapy."
The law was challenged by Brian Tingley, a family therapist who lives in Tacoma and practices in nearby Fircrest, Washington, sued the state in 2021, claiming the law violates his right to free speech and his right to practice in accordance with his Christian religious beliefs, which oppose homosexuality.
Under the law, licensed health care providers who attempt to forcibly change the sexual orientation or gender identity of their patients under the age of 18 can be subject to disciplinary action, including possible fines and the suspension or loss of their license to practice.
Related Itemsal frankenBetsy DeVosCommittee on Health Education Labor and Pensionsconfirmation hearingcontributionsconversion therapylog cabin republicansmarriage equalitysenateticker


Now the museum has launched a brand-new exhibit in a new (but still old!) location at 103 Orchard Street. It's called "Under One Roof," and it's the first time the museum has told the stories of relatively recent immigrants. Over the course of a 90-minute tour (as with 97 Orchard apartments, tours are the only way to look inside the building), visitors get a glimpse into the lives of three families who actually lived there.
You'll check out the home of Kalman and Rivka Epstein, concentration-camp survivors who met in a displaced-persons camp outside Frankfurt in 1945 and moved into the building a decade later. Then you see the apartment of the Saez-Velez family, migrants from Puerto Rico who lived at 103 Orchard from 1964 to 2013; finally, there's the residence of the Wong family, who came from China by way of Hong Kong and lived in the building from 1968 to 2014. Each family had a member who worked in the garment industry, so the tour also offers a mock-up of a small Chinatown garment factory, looking very much as it would have in Mrs. Wong's day.
A big difference in mounting this particular tour, compared to others, was that museum staffers could actually interview former residents. "It feels different telling stories based on what people who lived here have told us, as opposed to, say, census records," Polland said. Curator Pamela Keech used family photos in her quest for verisimilitude as she re-created the apartments. In the Saez Velez apartment, I was very taken with a huge turquoise glass chalice with two ceramic Siamese kittens scaling its sides, seemingly about to tumble in. Spectacular! I assumed the surviving family members had donated it to the museum because the exact vase could be seen in a vintage family snapshot … but nope, Keech had found the very item on eBay.
The tour begins with the Epsteins, the first of the three families to move in. Their front door still has the mezuzah Kalman and Rivka hung there in 1955; their now-70ish daughter Bella notes in the virtual tour on the museum's website that, given her parents' experiences during the war, displaying their Jewishness so publicly was an act of bravery. The family's dining room (with Shabbat candlesticks and a vintage JNF pushke in a corner) is painted aqua with yellow trim; daughter Bella's bedroom walls are fresh peach. Rivka had insisted that the colors be "freilach," Bella said; she was determined to face the future with optimism.
Bella's room, my favorite stop on the tour, is also a riot of color. The twin beds have different spreads, one in blue and turquoise and the other in an electric-pink floral. Chenille curtains frame the big windows. On Bella's shelves and desk are a girly pink jewelry box, a scattering of Pixy Stix, a curled-up jump rope, vintage children's books. A record player has pride of place, or perhaps that belongs to the black-and-white Paul Anka fan photo hanging right next to it. Kalman bought the record player so he could listen to Moishe Oysher and Yossele Rosenblatt albums, but Bella begged her mom for a Paul Anka record. She listened to the 1957 hit "Diana" over and over. "This song made me an American," she told the curators. Added tour guide Kathryn Lloyd, "It took a song to make her feel she had access to American culture, even though she was born here." Bella recalled absorbing American culture through the movies, where she was sent for the afternoon with a bag of rye-bread-and-butter sandwiches. She also learned about the wider world through her friendship with Rosetta, an Italian girl in the building. Of course, Bella wasn't allowed to eat at Rosetta's house, and their parents never socialized. "Children of immigrants were sometimes between two cultures," Philip Kasinitz, a CUNY sociologist, notes on the museum website.
Like so many Jewish immigrants, Kalman gradually came up in the new world. When he arrived in New York, sponsored by his uncle, he worked in an appetizing store and then in a dress shop on Orchard Street. Eventually, he bought the store. Bella attended the Bais Yaakov girls' yeshiva in the neighborhood, but also ate sugar cane sold by Puerto Rican grocers on the Lower East Side sidewalks. In the early 1960s, the family moved to Canarsie and Bella graduated from Samuel J. Tilden High School in Flatbush. She got married, moved to Long Island, and named her kids after her family's relatives who died in the Holocaust. She didn't know until she was much older that her father had been married before the war and had lost a child. Like many survivors, Bella's parents had had secrets.
Jose Velez is exactly Bella's age. Growing up in the building, he told interviewers, he saw tattoos of numbers on adults' arms, but he didn't know what they meant until later. Though he was born in Puerto Rico, his family was among the half-million Puerto Ricans who came to the city between 1940 and 1960; their community, too, had an impact on the development of New York. Thanks to Puerto Ricans, the city began dual-language services in schools and hospitals and prepared the city for future waves of Hispanic immigration.
In Jose's family's apartment, visitors hear atmospheric recordings of street noise owned by WNYC, giving us a sense of what the block sounded like in the early 1960s. The Saez-Velez family's living-room furniture is encased in plastic slipcovers (just like in my bubbe's old home!) with Catholic iconography covering the walls (not like my bubbe's old home!). Tour-goers learn that Ramonita Saez, the family matriarch, left Puerto Rico as a divorced woman with two young sons, got a job in the garment business, and became a proud bigwig in her local International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. We hear her sons' recorded memories of putting beans on the stove on low in the morning so that dinner would be ready when their mom got home from work—and heaven forbid they burned the beans. We learn that Jose acted as Shabbos Goy for a local synagogue; his brother Andy bought pastries at Gertel's Jewish Bakery to sell to the Jewish teachers at PS 42. At 15, Jose became the building's superintendent. Like Bella, he lived a cross-cultural life, belonging to a Boy Scout troop with Irish and Italian kids.
The Wongs had four kids: Yat Ping, Yat Fong, Toni, and Kevin. (Guess which two were born in America.) Their apartment has a late-'70s vibe, with blue-and-white-checkered linoleum floors, a Selectric typewriter, a blue-fringed bedspread, organza curtains, school trophies. Kevin recalls watching The Love Boat and recapping it in Chinese for his mother; we see a picture of his mom in a vintage Reese's Peanut Butter Cups orange T-shirt. As with so many Jewish families, the labor movement was key to this family's existence. Mr. Wong, a restaurant worker, got no benefits; Mrs. Wong had health and disability insurance through her garment workers' union.
In the mock-up of the factory, we see rice cookers and teapots for the workers, along with two long tables of sewing machines, bolts of fabric leaning against a corner, a rack of very '70s utilitarian-meets-disco jumpsuits, and a bulletin board covered with union information and buttons. In the room, if you touch any sewing machine, it triggers a recording. We see 1974 film footage of a factory and hear memories of children for whom factories served as de facto after-school programs. One former resident recalls sitting on the fire escape as a kid, watching trains cross the Williamsburg Bridge, waving at them and feeling thrilled whenever someone waved back. Another remembers being ordered to run and hide whenever the Department of Labor came for an impromptu inspection—once he stayed under a pile of coats, sweating and forgotten until he was found sobbing. He was given two sodas as recompense.


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If you've picked up this newspaper, you've likely found enough stories to suspect an approaching apocalypse. The reports about a nuclear-armed North Korea, major climate changes and the black widow skulking the Winter Olympics all make great sermon fodder. In case the doomsday prophets have your faith meter running on empty, let me remind you of the guy who started spinning news stories into apocalyptic mayhem. His name was Hal Lindsey. If you were born before 1960, you'll likely remember that Lindsey co-authored a 1970 best seller with Carole C. Carlson titled "Late, Great Planet Earth." Some of us laughed. Some of us memorized him, but when the Yom Kippur War of 1973-74 sent gas prices soaring, many of us were terrified to see the Lindsey scenario creeping into the nonfiction section. Lindsey's approach wasn't new. It's a variation of the old bumper sticker: "The good news is, Jesus is coming back. The bad news is, He's ticked." (OK, the sticker doesn't say "ticked" but this is a family newspaper.) The real problem with Lindsey and people like him is that they characterize the Christian faith as a war between good and evil. Indeed, they make faith seem like a choice between spending eternity in a bottomless pit of eternal fire or going to church three times a week. The hitch in that kind of thinking is that real faith can't be boiled down to an either/or proposition. It's relation-based, not fear-based. It's like this. When I met my wife on the campus of a Southern Baptist Conference Center, I didn't introduce myself by saying, "Marry me or you'll burn." If I had, she would have dowsed me with the nearest fire extinguisher. God doesn't doesn't scare us into loving him. God is not trying to save us from this world. For heaven's sake — pun intended — God created the world. Jesus made a point of saying, "God didn't go to all the trouble of sending his son merely to point an accusing finger, telling the world how bad it was. He came to help" (John 3:17, The Message Paraphrase). God is about helping us make it though our times of hurt and pain. He's not about inventing painful situations just so he can play the hero. I suppose there'll always be fortunes to be made by capitalizing on demise, death and destruction, but I place my faith in my relationship with our creator. The Lindsey star eventually faded. The counterculture of the 1960s never became the main culture, and Lindsey's predictions crumbled with the Berlin Wall. These days, Lindsey can be found the Internet, predicting the final jihad. Same station, different program. Norris Burkes is a syndicated columnist, national speaker and author of No Small Miracles. He is an Air National Guard chaplain and a board-certified hospital chaplain with the Association of Professional Chaplains. Recorded comments are welcome at (843) 608-9715. You may also send your comments to ask@thechaplain.net or P.O. Box 247, Elk Grove, CA 95759. Please visit his website, thechaplain.net.


There are many definitions of "chronic condition," some more expansive than others. We characterize it as any condition that requires ongoing adjustments by the affected person and interactions with the health care system.
2005 data showed that more than 133 million people, or almost half of all Americans, live with a chronic condition. 1 That number is projected to increase by more than one percent per year by 2030, resulting in an estimated population of 171 million requiring chronic disease management.
The MacColl Center for Health Care Innovation built an online resource that gives practices access to the same tools and approaches used by 31 of the most effective, team-based primary care practices in the United States. The Primary Care Team Guide 17 presents practical advice, case studies, and numerous resources that help practices become high-functioning teams and markedly improve care. Assessments identify where practices need to focus. Ensuring access to high quality, team-based care is one of the most effective interventions for improving the health of people with chronic illness.


Guacamole is an avocado based dip originally from Mexico. It is traditionally made by mashing ripe avocados and sea salt with a motor and pestle. In Mexican Spanish, it is pronounced as "wakaˈmole" and in American English it is sometimes pronounced "gWaka mole". Apart from using guacamole as a dip for chips, it can be used on toast, on a sandwich, as a salad dressing, with crackers, as a condiment, as a garnish for soups etc. Today we will learn how to make Guacamole following this easy recipe with step wise pictures.
Finely chop tomato, onion, cilantro/coriander leaves (optional) and green chilli. Keep all the ingredients needed for making guacamole ready.
Choose a ripe avocado. Cut the avocado - run the knife around the avocado and twist to open. Remove the seed. Save the seed as it helps to store the guacamole. Using a spoon, scoop out the avocado flesh separating it from the skin. Discard the skin.
In a bowl, add avocado flesh and mash it roughly with a fork. Do not make it to a paste as the guacamole should be chunky.
Add lemon juice and salt to prevent the avocado from becoming brown.
Add finely chopped tomatoes, onion, green chilli and cilantro. Season it with pepper powder. Adjust seasoning (as well as onion and tomato) according to your personal preferences.
Serve immediately with tortilla chips or crackers or on toast. Guacamole taste best when served immediately.
Storage - It can be stored for a day in the refrigerator. When storing, place the avocado seed in the guacamole (this helps to stop it from becoming brown), cover with cling film and refrigerate.
Note - Guacamole can also be made with just mashed avocados, lemon juice and salt.
For a perfect guacamole, use ripe avocados.
Padhu, would half lemon (juice) be right for 1 avocado? Please tell me approximately.. Thank you!
Yes, half a medium lemon is enough for a medium sized avocado.


So the old girl arrived intact, miraculously, and with some oil in the lock and some careful maneuvering (and the highly technical piece of equipment, the butter knife) I was able to get the cover off without damaging anything. It was unlocking fine, but had been kind of jammed at a weird angle at some point, and just needed a teensy tiny bit of force in the right direction.
I felt like I was opening Tutankhamen's tomb as I opened it up and found everything pretty much intact under a thin layer of dust. The decals are in gorgeous shape.
But no name or badge! It says "Charles Barker, 21 Bridge St, Banbury. Cutler and Cycle Maker." on a small plate in the front, but I am willing to bet this is just the shop that sold these rather the the manufacturing party. There is a faint "A" visible with some wings or something around it, but it looks as if there may be more letters that were there originally. I thought maybe it was a Pfaff with a post WW1 paint job, but the bobbin winder and stitch lever don't seem to be right for that. The case looks very much like a Pfaff or Gritzner of the era, but small details seem to conflict with that hypothesis. It's a puzzling combination of typical German details–white porcelain handle, fine inlay in the the wooden case, stitch length lever that allows for reverse and is labeled R/V ("vorwarts" is forward in German) instead of R/F–and a Singer or maybe Vesta style bobbin winding assembly. The hand crank mechanism is also different than the Singer style I'm familiar with, and seems actually better engineered.
I can't quite figure it out. It does turn, but despite its pristine appearance, internally it's a gunked up godawful mess. It looks like someone lubricated it liberally with carriage axle grease or something.
I've been obsessively chipping away at it all weekend. It's surprisingly smooth after a good oiling, but there is a catch when cranking at slow speeds at the point at which the needle is at its highest. If cranking quickly, the momentum takes it around with no problem. But the slower one cranks, the more noticeable it is. I think it's probably gunked up old oil somewhere I can't reach, but I'm hesitant to try it much until I can eliminate that catch.
Also: want to see what 80-100ish years of not cleaning the lint out of feed dogs looks like?
It's funny, but this piece will probably be mostly just for display. When the decals look this nice I'm hesitant to actually use a machine. I prefer them well worn and broken in so that when I drop something and ding the surface or something I don't feel like I've damaged a piece of industrial art so much as I've just made a tool more my own. I have another Singer 28 hand crank that has a lot of wear and faded decals and so far I prefer it because it feels less precious and more of this world than a history display. But I'm weird that way. I had similar feelings when buying a hand cranked coffee grinder recently. (I'm subconsciously preparing for the gridless zombie apocalypse.) I saw a lot of pristine ones online but went for a broken in, beat up one with a cracked base and some rust issues because I can steel wool off the rust, reseason the cast iron, and use it without feeling like I'm wearing down an antique. I like the idea of rescuing something from a scrap heap better.
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Every man needs a good pair of jeans...some denim you can just slip on when you have to do some work around the yard, or when you just want to get a couple of drinks with the guys. You don't want to wear just any pair of jeans though. You want a pair that fit well and look good. Lucky for you, DXL carries many fits of denim jeans ranging from straight to athletic from designer brands including Levi's, Lucky Brand, Calvin Klein and more. No matter if you need a pair of every day blue jeans, or something a little nicer for a casual occasion, DXL might just have your next favorite pair. Take a look at what DXL has to offer.


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Write a program to calculate the number of all possible 5 card playing-card hands (4 suits, 13 values) with no hand being counted more than once (i.e. Jack of Clubs, 4 of Diamonds, 3 of Spades, 2 of Hearts, King of Hearts is the same as 3 of Spades, 2 of Hearts, King of Hearts, Jack of Clubs, 4 of diamonds, so only one of these hands should be counted).
Write an efficient program that given a two dimensional array, n by n big, 1<= n <= 100, finds the largest possible sum of numbers that are "connected" in the array. Two numbers are connected if one of the numbers is in one of the 3 spots directly above the other.
The numbers connected to "8" are 2,4, and 6, and the numbers connected to 12 are 6 and 13.
The program should output 15.