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"Here what's your game Sherlock Holmes?"
{The photographer - The Girl Who Was Death}
Mister X, we'll call him Mister X because he doesn't have any other name. But he is a secret agent working for, well we have to assume British Intelligence, who is in pursuit of the Girl who is a deadly killer.
Mister X is wearing the standard disguise, which the Colonel wore while he was chasing the Girl. But she got the better of him, blew him to kingdom come at the wicket, one run short of his century, with an exploding cricket ball.
I appeared at a Prisoner Convention as Mister X, as part of a re-enactment of the Barney's Boxing Booth scene. I already had the suit, one exact to the one worn by Patrick McGoohan. The frilly shirt was made by my wife Morag, and the rest of the costume, dog check coat, deerstalker, sunglasses, and umbrella were very kindly supplied by Steven Ricks who was one of the Convention organisers, along with the late Rick Booth, whom I remember with great fondness. And the moustache, and sideburns were added in makeup by my wife.
I remember how it was high summer, a burning hot day at the Prisoner Convention which was about 90 degrees Fahrenheit, and there I was in full costume. Had it been cooler, I would have played the role more, in dashing about Portmeirion in search of the Girl Who Was Death. But it was far too hot to be doing anything of the sort, and by the end of the boxing booth re-enactment I was only too happy to get out of the costume. But it was worth it, and the first time ever that Barney's Boxing Booth re-enactment had been performed at a Convention. The chessboard was roped off as the ring, and hundreds, members of Six of One and members of the general public all vied for a ringside seat. My wife was the Girl at ringside, Simon Morris was the Polish Giant Killer Kaminski, and Rick Booth was the master of ceremonies and referee. The re-enactment was a huge success, everyone enjoyed watching, and people stood filming it, taking photographs. For everyone involved it was a great deal of work, but was well worth the effort, and the reward…… to see people enjoying being entertained.
Falling Out!
60 Second Interview With Colonel Ross
The Prisoner Versus The Village
Special Imports!
Three Days!
Sixty Second Interview With No.42
The Bureau of Visual Records
Village Festival – Photographic Competition
Who Is That On The Telephono?
Tea Break Teaser
The Broken Lava lamp
Number 6 Knows Too Much!
Trust A Woman – Not No.6!
Mrs. Butterworth/No.2
Pat And Frank
Bureau of Visual Record
Science Can Be Perverted!
The Downfall Of No.2!
Living In Harmony!
An Inspector Calls
Who Put the Lights Out?
The Agricultural Village
The Map of The Village
Do We Know Where No.6 Is? by our own report...
Number 6 And His Strong Sense Of Identity
60 Second Interview With An Interim No.2
Alan and Rose Farewell
You Still Can't Do It Boy!
Little Bo-Peep
A Question Of Speed! by our own reporter
This Week I Am Mostly Listening To The Prisoner
Amended!
What's That Prisoner Up To?
Citizen No.2
Do We Know Where Seltzman Is?
The Town Hall - It's Particular Who It Lets In!
The Village Was Deserted!
You Miss it When It's Not There!
What Was In Your Mind? Were You Attempting Suicide...


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Longest execution in Ohio history leads state to re-examine capital punishment policies
Dennis McGuire's 26-minute struggle to die after receiving a new form of lethal injection on Jan. 16 has left Ohio officials speculating if and how the state should reform its death sentencing practices.
Douglas Berman, professor of criminal law and sentencing at The Ohio State University Moritz College of Law, said many people are looking at the execution protocol, and that there are already bills being advanced to consider legal changes.
Berman said there is a possibility that the dosage levels of the drugs used on McGuire were not high enough.
"If there's any means to suspect he did suffer significant pain, I wouldn't be surprised if Ohio tried a different approach," he added.
"I think this problem, and assuming the problem persists in finding a satisfactory lethal substance, does increase the likelihood that we will eventually do away with capital punishment in this state," said Charles Schneider, administrative judge of the Franklin County Court of Common Pleas.
The state of Ohio resorted to the lethal drug combination administered to McGuire because manufacturers of previously used drugs have begun to resist providing for executions.
"A lot of it has to do with doctors and their ode to do no harm," Schneider said. "They don't want to take part in capital punishment events."
In the 1960s, the state stopped using the electric chair for executions with hopes that the switch to lethal injection would be the best way to ensure a quick, painless death.
"But obviously, Ohio has struggled with that more recently," Berman said.
Schneider added that the emotional issues involved for the relatives of victims are also a challenge in capital punishment cases, which can go on for decades due to continuous appeals, costs and delays.
"It's just not a very satisfactory resolution," he said.
Abolishing the death penalty is a choice that many states have made in the past few decades, but it remains uncertain whether Ohio will be following the trend any time soon.
"It's going to take a while -and I think whether I live to see it or not is debatable- but I'm very comfortable with saying that someday we will see the elimination of the death penalty," Schneider said.
In Franklin County, there is currently a single case in which the state is asking for the death penalty, which Schneider is overseeing. The case goes on trial next month.
By Denise Blough

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Example Essays
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Person Centered Therapy Essays
Person Centered Therapy Essays (Examples)
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Adlerian Therapy
Cognitive Behavior Therapy
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Intervention Program
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Person Centered Therapy
Words: 723 Length: 2 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 31059894
Person centered therapy was founded by psychologist Carl ogers in the 1940s (ogers, 1957). It was developed during that decade and continued to be further adjusted and developed throughout the 1950s, as well (ogers, 1959). According to the theory, the goal is to help the person find his or her own solutions for problems by providing a rich, nurturing, and non-judgmental environment in which that person can explore his or her issues and difficulties (ogers, 1959). Clients can develop a stronger sense of self this way, allowing them to realize how their feelings, behaviors, and attitudes are being affected. According to ogers, there are several conditions that are part of the patient-client dynamic and that are required in order to see change (ogers, 1959). Everyone has the innate capacity for change and growth, but it is often overlooked in people who are struggling with their own issues from a mental…… [Read More]
Rogers, C. (1957) The necessary and sufficient conditions of therapeutic personality change. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 21(2): 95-103
Rogers, Carl. (1959). A Theory of Therapy, Personality and Interpersonal Relationships as Developed in the Client-centered Framework. In (ed.) S. Koch, Psychology: A Study of a Science. Vol. 3: Formulations of the Person and the Social Context. NY: McGraw Hill.
Person-Centered Therapy Brings a Highly
Words: 1439 Length: 4 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 11148154
(2005). Medical News Today.
etrieved October 28, 2010 at http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/35545.php
Defense mechanisms, or repression, according to Sigmund Freud, were at the root of human anxiety. To deal with cognitive dissonance, or challenges to one's ego, contradictory information was repressed and anxiety was temporarily reduced. Although during the 1960s many laboratory studies on learning and memory and studies of perceptual defense treated the existence of defense mechanisms as empirical fact, in more recent times the concept has begun to fall out of fashion. "epression was explained by attentional processes and response suppression, while projection was explained by attribution. At least as studied in the laboratory, these processes were not seen to involve unconscious functioning and thus, by definition, did not involve defense mechanisms" (Cramer & Coll 2000).
However, defense mechanisms have now been renamed and reformulated under what is currently understood of human psychology. For example, a primitive defense mechanism such…… [Read More]
Heine, Steven J., Lehman, Darrin R. Markus, Hazel Rose, & Shinobu Kitayama. (1999).
Is there a universal need for positive self-regard? Psychological Review, 106(4): 766-
Rana, Hana. (1997). Sigmund Freud. Psychology History. Retrieved October 28, 2010 at http://www.muskingum.edu/~psych/psycweb/history/freud.htm
Person-Centered Therapy Origins of Person-Centered
Words: 3062 Length: 12 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 51405120
Rather, Rogers argued that the therapist was there fundamentally in a support role, with the client in his or her own journey toward self-actualization. How then, does the client experience this kind of therapy? For many clients who are experiencing anxiety or self doubt, person-to-person therapy can lead them to discover their own ability to heal themselves. Assuming responsibility for one's own mental health by recognizing the range of life choices that are available is one positive outcome for clients who experience Roger's approach.
Traditional therapy often places the therapist in a professional, diagnostic, medical role. The patient, in this scenario, becomes increasingly convinced that s/he is not able to "get better" without the intervention of an expert. As a result, s/he may become even more despondent and feel less empowered to take control of his life. y contrast, Rogers approach re-situates the therapist and simultaneously empowers the client. This…… [Read More]
Corey, Gerald (2009). Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy, 8th Edition.
California State University: Fullerton, CA.
Ellis, Albert. (1998). The Albert Ellis Reader: A Guide to Well-Being Using Rational
Emotive Behavior Therapy. Carol Publishing Group: Secaucus, NJ.
Person-Centered Therapy Judy Garland the
This, however, will remain the choice of the patient, but the hope is that we can bring about a change in her level of consciousness such that she might recognize for herself a benefit in that involvement with the children's fathers.
Imperative to helping the patient realize her value in her abilities, skills, and other qualities associated with motherhood and her career that will help her to see her role and herself differently. This will help her with some of the confidence issues that she experiences in meeting new people and going to new places. There is perhaps some minimal issue of panic attack syndrome, but that, too, requires more in depth work and additional sessions to arrive at that conclusion. If the patient's panic about new places and people subsides as we address some of the self-esteem and family issues, then that will not be a problem. if, however,…… [Read More]
Person Centered Therapy Discussed
Carl ogers Video eview
The author of this report is asked to find and view any video about Carl ogers. Specifically, the video should center on the man's contributions to psychotherapy in general or it should pertain to person-centered therapy in particular. The video in question was found on YouTube and specifically relates to person-centered therapy. The video was apparently produced or supported by the website psychotherapy.net. The title of the video is "Carl ogers on Person-Centered Therapy." While there are general therapeutic techniques and practices that can and should be employed, there needs to be a focus on the patient as a person if therapy is going to work as well as it could or should.
The video starts off with ogers himself saying that he finds it very "fortunate" if he can be in a therapy session and that he can accept a patient just as they…… [Read More]
YouTube. (2015). Carl Rogers meets with Steve. YouTube. Retrieved 30 June 2015, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r_yGBnZXFFA
YouTube. (2015). Carl Rogers on Person-Centered Therapy Video. YouTube. Retrieved 30 June 2015, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o0neRQzudzw
When to Use Person Centered Therapy for Patients
Person-Centered Therapy (PCT) is a form of counseling based on discussions with the person/patient that allows him to express his subjective view of himself and the world in order to arrive at a more objective/clarified vision. The patient arrives in a state of incongruity and through a series of sessions of PCT is relieved of various levels of incongruity as they are exposed by himself through his own dialoguing with the therapist. The dialogue is primarily centered on the patient, which is why it is called person-centered therapy. This therapeutic approach is evident in the session between John (patient) and Dr. David J. Cain (therapist) (American Psychological Association, 2012a). This paper will discuss the approach of PCT by addressing a series of questions regarding the nature of the therapy
How does change occur?
Change occurs in the patient over a series of interviews with the therapist, as the patient and…… [Read More]
American Psychological Association (Producer). (2012a). Collaborative person-centered
psychotherapy for stress (session 1 of 5) [streaming video]. Retrieved from PsycTHERAPY database.
American Psychological Association (Producer). (2012b). Collaborative person-centered
Counseling and Therapy
I would imagine that being a co-therapist for W.M. using person-centered or ogerian technique would present some interesting difficulties. The first thought that occurs to me is instinctual: W.M. is a young man who has experienced some traumatic life events, but also uses (in Karen's words) "dark humor and attention-getting language" to express himself. My instinctive response is to wonder how to respond to W.M.'s humor within the context of ogers's famous "unconditional positive regard" shown by therapist to client (Corey 2013).
In some sense, W.M.'s dark humor is a bit of a trap for the ogerian therapist. Outside of a therapy session, humor is an important social mode for a 21-year-old male. Women his age will frequently say they are searching for a great sense of humor in selecting a boyfriend, and group dynamics among late adolescents frequently center around shared jokes. In some sense, not to…… [Read More]
Corey, G. (2013). Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy. (Ninth Edition). Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole.
Omid's Story Family Centered Therapy
This recognition that injury and pain, common accompaniments to illness and medical treatment effect the whole family, not just the person suffering the illness or injury was profound. (Tallian, 2001, p. 119) Going through such an exercise as role playing is invaluable to the care provider as it offers the concepts in such a way that the individual can internalize point-of-view and begin to understand the steps needed to be aware of others needs an feelings.
It is clear that caring for the child, is not simply caring for the child. In a nursing situation or any health care delivery situation the standards that are set by the early impression of the health care situation as FCC supporting can make or break other experiences for the family and profoundly effect the outcomes for children. aofian, even though she and her husband and Omid had had very positive medical experiences in…… [Read More]
2001) Learning to Nurse the Family, Editorial. Journal of Family Nursing, 7(2) 117-127.
Bruce, B. Letourneau, N. Ritchie, J. Larocque, S. Dennis, S. Elliot, M.R. (2002) a Multisite Study of Health Professionals' Perceptions and Practices of Family-Centered Care. Journal of Family Nursing, 8(4) 408-429.
Bruder, M.B. (2000). Family-Centered Early Intervention: Clarifying Our Values for the New Millennium. Topics in Early Childhood Special Education, 20(2), 105.
Raofian, D. (2003) Omid's Story: The Power of Family-Centered Care, Journal of Family Nursing, 9(3) 227-231.
Therapies Alternative Theoretical Approaches to
The benefits of including family in therapy sessions extend far beyond addressing the parents' concerns in this situation, however, and can help to identify underlying problems that led to osa's drug abuse and potentially provide more highly effective long-term solutions to these issues.
Adolescent females were the subject of one study that specifically examined the efficacy of family systems therapy interventions in cases of anorexia nervosa, and the efficacy of this approach compared quite favorable to other therapy techniques (Eisler et al. 2005). Especially noticeable in this study was an increased expression of emotion by all family members, leading to greater openness and a greater ability and willingness to share problems and support each other (Eisler et al. 2005). This effect would likely be highly beneficial to osa and her family as well, as there is almost certainly an underlying stressor that led to osa's drug abuse and overall decline…… [Read More]
Cornelius-Whit, J. (2007). "Learner-Centered Teacher-Student Relationships Are Effective: A Meta-Analysis." Review of educational research 77(1), pp. 113-43.
Eisler, I.; Dare, C.; Hodes, M.; Russel, G.; Dodge, E. & LeGrange, D. (2005). "Family Therapy for Adolescent Anorexia Nervosa: The Results of a Controlled Comparison of Two Family Interventions." Focus 3, pp. 629-40.
Frelberg, H. & Lamb, S. (2009). "Dimensions of Person-Centered Classroom Management." Theory into practice 48(2), pp. 99-105.
Ready, D.; Gerardi, R.; Backscheider, A.; Mascaro, N. & Rothbaum, B. (2010). "Comparing Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy to Present-Centered Therapy with 11 U.S. Vietnam Veterans with PTSD." Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking 13(1), pp. 49-54.
Rogers Case Study Using Person
Words: 1282 Length: 4 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 5572398
As human beings we have an "idea" or concept of who we are and what we really should be, hence we create an Ideal Self that we constantly strive for, often in vain. If the perceived self, our own self-image, is not aligned with the actual self, how we really are, there will always be personality problems and dysfunction as one relates to one's self and the rest of the world. (Kail & Wicks 1993) In Carl's case this is certainly exacerbated by his TBI.
In some sense if a human being grows in a very healthy and psychological and socially secure and protected environment, congruence should naturally be achieved. If he or she has felt the unconditional positive reinforcement that ogers advocates, than congruence should be an outcome of certainty. (Vander Zanden 2003) However, even with the best of growth comes change and the self you are today may…… [Read More]
Demorest, Amy. 2005. Psychology's Grand Theorists: How Personal Experiences Shaped Professional Ideas. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Kail, RV, & Wicks-Nelson, R. 1993. Developmental Psychology. 5th ed. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Vander Zanden, James W. 2003. Human Development. Crandell, L.T. & C.H. Crandell & Thomas L., Eds.. New York: McGraw Hill.
Client Centeredness and Therapy
Words: 711 Length: 2 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 3774711
Client Centered Therapy
Person-centered therapists have successfully worked with numerous clients, having problems of biogenic, socio-genic and psychogenic origins. The link common to these is the necessity for understanding clients' correlation with the self-destructive attitude, ailment, or issue; working in collaboration with clients in growth and self-healing; and trusting that clients possess resources for confronting the challenges faced. Despite client-centered treatment being stereotyped as only applicable to "moderate" cases, many client-centered specialists and researchers have attested to this approach's effectiveness and extent in helping clients afflicted with severe mental ailments (Wedding & Corsini, 2013).
Though person-centered therapy assumes a non-diagnostic stance, therapists work to aid persons diagnosed as psychotic, bulimic, panic-disordered, developmentally-disabled, etc. By others, in addition to individuals who merely look to experience personal growth. The assumption that client-centered therapy applies to everybody, irrespective of their psychological ailment, is grounded on the idea that there is more to an…… [Read More]
Wedding, D., Corsini, R. (2013). Chapter 4 Client Centered Therapy. In Current Psychotherapies (10th ed., p. 656). Cengage Learning.
Approaching Depression Through the Solution Focused Brief Therapy Approach
Solution-Focused Brief Therapy on Mothers with a Disabled Child
This research paper will focus on the ability of the author to effectively provide therapy services to individuals and adopt an enabling role, coaching the client in exploring his/her own way of solving the problems experienced, thereby using his own competence to the greatest extent possible. By using the Solution Focused Therapy approach and the author's own views on letting the client become the expert, promoting self-esteem, and most importantly creating change through various techniques and interventions, it will allow client to see through a new 'lens' of self.
This researcher selects Janet as a case study. She is 25 years old and lives in with her boyfriend with whom she has two son. The older son, James, has a disability in his clef foot. This incurable disability, her husband's abusive attitude and the natural inner struggles of a growing woman…… [Read More]
Bryman, A. (n.d.) Triangulation. Reference World. Retrieved on November 29, 2015 from http://www.referenceworld.com/sage/socialscience/triangulation.pdf
Cepeda, L. M. and Davenport, D. S. (2006). Person-centered therapy and solution-focused brief therapy: an integration of present and future awareness. Vol. 43 # 1,Psychotherapy: Pubmed.
Retrieved on November 26, 2015 from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22121955/
Darlaston-Jones, D. (2007). Making connections: the relationship between epistemology and research methods. Vol 19 # 1, The Australian Community Psychology: University of Notre
Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow Treatment Approach for Out Patient Therapy
Carl ogers and Abraham Maslow Treatment Approach for Outpatient Therapy
Carl ogers and Abraham Maslow treatment approach for out-patient therapy.
The study of human psychology is important in understanding personality of individuals. One can study personality of individuals, but there is no scientific method of studying personality of the whole humanity. Human are different from person to person and vey unique to some degree. This paper prompts a thesis, and it digs into the psychology of humans. It dwells on the person-Centered approach by Carl ogers and on the Humanistic Approach by Abraham Maslow.
Both Carl ogers and Abraham Maslow have an influence on today's outpatient therapy. Both scholars have had an influence on the humanistic psychology and personal centered approach to therapy. Although humanistic psychology gained its popularity in the mid 20th century, both scholars have further entrenched theories and practices that make it important in today's outpatient therapy.…… [Read More]
Kazantzis, N., Reinecke, M.A., Freeman, A. (2009). Cognitive and Behavioral Theories in Clinical Practice. New York: Guiford press
Clark, A.J. (2010). Empathy: An integral model in the counseling process. Journal of Counseling & Development, 88(3), 348-356.
Wong, P.T. (2011). Reclaiming Positive Psychology A Meaning-Centered Approach to Sustainable Growth and Radical Empiricism. Journal of Humanistic Psychology,
Client Centered Theory John S
But did she mean well sometimes? Or is she always so rude towards you?
Analysis: This example illustrates a long process in a short amount of space, but it helps to point out some aspects of oger's theory. According to ogers, such dialogue can be observed with nearly every client as generalizations are broken down to acute experiences (ogers, 1951). Such breakthroughs in the origins of the problem rely on a patient's freedom to fully express the self while the therapist provides guidance and acceptance (ogers, 1951). The therapist guides the client as the client comes to understand the reasons for his or her thoughts.
Client: I feel like I can't talk to you, that you have judged me guilty. This feeling sticks with me, I don't know what to do, but I don't like you.
Therapist: So you think I have put you up for trial and…… [Read More]
Bozarth, Jared D., & Brodley, Barbara Temaner. (1991). Actualization: A Functional Concept in Client-Centered Therapy. Handbook of Self-Actualization, Vol. 6, 45-60.
Bugental, J.F.T. (1964). The Third Force in Psychology. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, Vol. 4, No. 1, 19-25.
Pollack, N. (1993). Client Centered Assessment. Pub Med, 47, 298-301.
Rogers, Carl R. (1951). Client-Centered Therapy: Its Current Practice, Implications, and Theory. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.
Reality Therapy a New Approach
He realizes and wants the reader to realize that those roots have merit and modern day approaches simply that the field of mental health to the next step or next level of the industry, but he stresses the importance of action therapy not reflection therapy. Each step is a building block toward the eventual goal of having answers more quickly and more accurate than the past answers, however without Freud and those who came after him the new theories would not be possible.
he book is a refreshing approach and puts Glasser's reality therapy into play by acknowledging the others who have developed theories and giving them their dues before moving on to examine the next step which he believes is his approach.
Glasser's book is based on an individual's power to choose. hey can choose how they react to life, they can choose how they react to people and…… [Read More]
This book is written in a style that a mental health professional can read it and pick up the underlying meanings and ideas but a layman can also read it and gain valuable insight about how to change the way they have been approaching their life. It is an exciting how to for those who are ready to use their power to choose and get their lives on track toward success and happiness.
Glasser, William (1989) Reality Therapy: A New Approach to Psychiatry Harper Paperbacks
CBT for PTSD Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
Overall, the research suggests that CBT is an effective treatment for PTSD, though there definitely certain caveats that need to be raised. CBT is not entirely effective and is not necessarily more effective than certain other treatments, specifically EMD, while there is also a need for greater knowledge and understanding when it comes to PTSD and its treatment in general. As this more detailed and refined understanding is achieved, the research analyzed above and other related research will become more meaningful and more effectively situated.
eferences
Cohen, J., Deblinger, E., Mannarino, a. & Steer, . (2004). A Multi-Site, andomized Controlled Trial for Children With Abuse-elated PTSD Symptoms. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 43(4): 393-402.
Hinton, D., Pham, T., Tran, M., Safren, S., Otto, M. & Pollack, M. (2004). CBT for Vietnamese refugees with treatment-resistant PTSD and panic attacks: A pilot study. Journal of Traumatic…… [Read More]
Cohen, J., Deblinger, E., Mannarino, a. & Steer, R. (2004). A Multi-Site, Randomized Controlled Trial for Children With Abuse-Related PTSD Symptoms. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 43(4): 393-402.
Hinton, D., Pham, T., Tran, M., Safren, S., Otto, M. & Pollack, M. (2004). CBT for Vietnamese refugees with treatment-resistant PTSD and panic attacks: A pilot study. Journal of Traumatic Stress 17(5): 429-33.
Seidler, G. & Wagner, F. (2006). Comparing the efficacy of EMDR and trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy in the treatment of PTSD: a meta-analytic study. Psychological Medicine 36(11): 1515-22.
Zayfert, C. & DeViva, J. (2004). Residual insomnia following cognitive behavioral therapy for PTSD. Journal of Traumatic Stress 17(1): 69-73.
Counseling Theories
Counseling Theory
Existential therapy, person-centered therapy, and gestalt therapy all fall under the rubric of humanistic psychology. They share a considerable amount of theory, philosophy, and practice. Yet each of these practices is stemmed in its own theoretical framework; therefore, existential, person-centered, and gestalt therapies differ in key ways. ecent scholarship on existential, person-centered, and gestalt therapies builds on the rich canon of literature in these three core humanistic traditions, but is more than just summative. The following review of literature shows how existential therapy, person-centered therapy, and gestalt therapy are practiced in the 21st century, and in so doing, reveals the similarities and differences between these three humanistic psychological frameworks.
Existential Therapy
Existential therapy has been called "a way of thinking rather than…a particular style of practicing," (Corey, 2008, p. 216). Corey (2008) claims that existential therapy is "not a separate school or a neatly defined, systematic model with…… [Read More]
Ceil, C. (2012). Person-centered therapy. Social Science Electronic Publishing. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2051484 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2051484
Corey, G. (2008). The existential approach to groups. Chapter 9 in Theory and Practice of Group Counseling. Cengage.
Crocker, S.F. & Philippson, P. (2005). Phenomenology, existentialism, and Eastern thought in gestalt therapy. Chapter 4 in Gestalt Therapy: History, Theory and Practice. Sage.
Geller, J.D. (2003). Self-disclosure in psychoanalytic-existential therapy. Journal of Clinical Psychology 59(5): 541-554.
Psychopathology Understanding of Psychopathology Psychopathology Has Had
Understanding of psychopathology
Psychopathology has had differentiated opinions from variant psychologists. Warner's opinion of relabeling people's process and Prouty's therapy that offers a mentally unwell person are both discussed in depth for better understanding. Also, the effects of language barrier to collaborating psychologists and psychiatrists in dealing with person-centered therapies have been reviewed in this article. Communication enhancement is fundamental for the relaying of information between the different medical practitioners is what will help in the scientific research on matters dealing with brain functionality, and the enhancement of methods to counter the dysfunctional elements in human ability. This paper aims at examining closely the person-centered approach, and its efficiency in dealing with the brain disorders and other physical impairments.
Psychopathology is a study that deals with behaviors, human feelings and thoughts that either causes depression or anxiety (distress), forces one to indulge in dangerous activities, which can be against…… [Read More]
Allan, H.F., 2000. Where Have All The Abnormal People Gone? Humanist Journal, Vol. 60, Issue 2, p. 29.
Eldin, G. And Golanty, E., 2009. Health and Wellness. New York: Jones and Bartlett Learning.
Joseph, S. And Worsley, R. ed., 2007. Person-centered Practice. Herefordshire: PCCS Books.
Joseph, S., 2006. Person-centered Coaching Psychology: A Meta-theoretical Perspective. International Coaching Psychology Review, Volume 1, Number 1.
Personal Theory as a Therapist
From the basis of psychoanalysis and existential therapy, I will then listen for any problems relating to attitudes that can be driven by repressed emotions. I will use dialogue in order to gain an understanding of how the clients see their problems, and what they think is needed to help.
In the dialogue session, I will provide the client with my own insight on how I believe the best progress will be made in future therapy, and also on how long I estimate such therapy to take. I will however emphasize that I will not terminate therapy if the clients feel in any way that they will not benefit from such termination. Dialogue and collaboration means that I should be able to modify my approach according to input from my clients. If a client for example disagrees with an approach I am using, we will discuss various options of changing…… [Read More]
Encyclopedia of Mental Disorders. Person-centered Therapy. http://www.minddisorders.com/Ob-Ps/Person-centered-therapy.html
Hoffman, Louis. 2004. Existential Psychotherapy. http://www.existential-therapy.com/ General_Overview.htm
Psychological Schools of Thought. Psychoanalytical Psychology. http://www.webrenovators.com/psych/PsychoanalyticalPsychology.htm
Yontef, Gary. Gestalt Therapy: An Introduction. http://www.gestalt.org/yontef.htm
Counseling Giving a Hand Counseling
Defense mechanisms, the unconscious, coping mechanisms, self-actualization and archetypes are other examples. The ultimate and most useless example is the "little person," that resides in everyone and explains his behavior. These include ideas like soul, mind, ego, will, self and personality. Skinner, instead, suggests that psychologists should put their energies on what is observable, such as the environment and human behavior occurring in the environment (oeree).
This therapy states three core conditions under which growth may occur (Mulhauser,
2011). These core conditions proceed from the assumption that a person naturally possesses the inner resources for growth. He is the best authority on his own experience. He also believes in his capability to realize his own potential for growth. The therapy, however, recognizes that the realization depends on favorable conditions. Under adverse conditions, a person is often denied unconditional acceptance and positive regard. He then fails to apprehend the…… [Read More]
Boeree, C.G. (2006). BF Skinner. Personality Theories C.G. Boeree. Retrieved on February 8, 2011 from http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/skinner.html
Dodd, G. (2011). Counseling techniques and skills -- an introduction. Ezine Articles:
EzineArticles.com. Retrieved on February 8, 2011 from http://ezinearticles.com/?Conseling-Techniqes-and-Skills -- an-Introduction&id-2748802
Grant, S. (2011). Person-centered therapy. California State University Northridge.
Psychology Counseling
However, they should also know what aspects of they reveal are confidential. An adolescent should know if he or she says that he 'hates his parents' that the therapist does not have a responsibility to 'tattle' to the client's parent, even if the parent is paying for the session
2b. Discuss 2 counseling situations where duty to warn would be necessary. What would be the ethical issues involved: If the client is likely to be harmful to others, such as if he or she threatens someone physically, the therapist must report the threats. Also, if the client is likely to be harmful to him or herself, such as threatening suicide or acting in a manner that is so severely delusional he or she is not competent to engage in basic self-care, the therapist may need to act. (Such as a patient engaging in severe self-harm or a patient with a…… [Read More]
Corey, G., (2009) Theory and practice of counseling & psychotherapy. (8th Edition). Belmont,
CA. Thomson Brooks/Cole.
Family systems. (2009). Genogram. Retrieved November 24, 2009 at http://www.genopro.com/genogram/family-systems-theory/
Counseling What Is Your Attitude
She is probably keen on abandoning her family as a form of escapism. Instead of directly confronting the core issues, she would prefer to jump ship and swim to a new shore. The trouble is that once Doris reaches any new shore, her same beliefs and value systems remain a part of who she is. I would aim to change her self-concept, beliefs, and value systems in a way that helped my client.
If Doris has been taught that a woman's role is in the home, and that marriages succeed via submission to the husband, then we have a lot of work to do. Doris does not believe these things and yet she feels trapped by the ideology handed down to her by her parents. This internal conflict raging within Doris is the root cause of many of her problems.
A person-centered approach to therapy will help Doris explore all…… [Read More]
Integrated Counseling There Are Many
CBT integrates theory, i.e. The tenets of psychotherapy, with practical, behavior modification exercises. This, in turn, creates real tangible results. As Cooper writes, "If, on the one hand, you look at the particular therapies that have been shown to be effective for particular psychological problems -- as advocates of empirically supported treatments have done -- there is no question that the evidence base is strongest for CBT. hile, for instance, there are scores of high quality controlled trials demonstrating the effectiveness of CBT for depression17, there are just a handful of studies demonstrating the same thing for person-centred therapy. And while CBT has been shown to be effective for numerous psychological difficulties -- such as phobias, panic, PTSD, bulimia, sexual problems and deliberate self-harm -- there is little equivalent evidence for the vast array of non-CBT practices18 (2008).
CBT is an approach that has been empirically proven to be successful…… [Read More]
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (n.d.). The Free Dictionary By Farlex. Retrieved from http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cognitive-behavioral+therapy
Cooper, M. (2008). The Facts are Friendly. Therapy Today.net. Retrieved from http://www.therapytoday.net/article/15/8/categories/
Gelso, C., Fretz, B. (2001) Counseling Psychology Second Edition. Orlando, FL:
Harcourt, Inc.
Dibs in Search of Self by Virginia
Dibs in Search of Self by Virginia Mae Axline is such a profoundly interesting book because it demonstrates one of the most challenging cases I've ever encountered within the realm of child psychology and an effective yet, gradual method of dealing with this case. Dibs to me represents a child stifled and overcome with emotions. He is so choked with emotions he's become almost completely uncommunicative. He did not socialize with other students in his class, and would not engage with any adults except by way of hysterics or tantrums. Dibs in many respects had checked out of life and out of all social situations: he would not speak, but would hide under tables or in isolation from the groups. Axline makes this apparent from the start of the book; the example that she uses in this case is extremely well representative of the behavior that Dibs engages in as…… [Read More]
Axline, V. (1964). Dibs in search of self. NY: Ballantine Books.
Berger, K.S. (2012). The developing person through childhood and adolescence (9th ed.).
NY: Worth Publishers.
Mearns, D. (2003). Developing Person-Centred Therapy. Thousand Oaks: Sage
Multi-Modal Treatment of the Client's
Words: 4593 Length: 16 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 602220
Self-management is the goal of the client and the therapist works with the client to aid him or her in recognizing self-defeating thoughts or actions that will give negative results, and developing positive thoughts that will have positive results (Lazarus, 1997).
The first tenet that is examined is the one Lazarus calls "Positive Thinking."
Positive cognition is focusing on personal skills and strengths, on what is good in the world, believing in one's self and belief in one's ability to succeed. When this is the dominating thought, the client then acts in ways that bring him or her closer to success. Positive thoughts and images about one's abilities dramatically increase one's chances of succeeding. Believing that success is possible is a prerequisite for most achievements.
Thinking positively does not mean being unrealistically optimistic. Nor does it mean one is without limits, that others will only help and never hinder, or…… [Read More]
Christian Counselors. Wikipedia. Retrieved October 8, 2006 at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Counselors.
Cox, R.H., Cox, B.E. And Hoffman L. (Eds) (2004) Spirituality and Psychological Health, Colorado Springs, Colorado School of Professional Psychology Press
Egan, K. (1998) the Skilled Helper. A problem-management approach to helping. 6e, Pacific Grove: Brooks/Cole.
Ellis, a. (1975). A Guide to Rational Living. Los Angeles: Wilshire Book Company
Diagnosis of S Johnson Diagnosis
Therefore, she should be assessed for any possible medication that may help her depression or anxiety. But she also needs a therapeutic approach that addresses her isolation and her needs for healthy and appropriate attachment.
A excellent therapeutic for this need is a ogerian approach that incorporates the positive regard of Carl ogers. The following describes the approach that such a therapist would take:
ogers' strong belief in the positive nature of human beings is based on his many years of clinical experience, working with a wide variety of individuals & #8230; the theory of person-centered therapy suggests any client, no matter what the problem, can improve without being taught anything specific by the therapist, once he/she accepts and respects themselves & #8230;.the resources all lie within the client. (Pescitelli, n.d.)
While critics argue that ogerian therapy is not sufficiently rigorous, it remains extremely effective as a long-term approach for…… [Read More]
Anorexia nervosa. Retrieved from http://www.webmd.com/mental-health/anorexia-nervosa/anorexia-nervosa-topic-overview?page=2
Pescitelli, D. Rogerian therapy. Retrieved from http://www.pandc.ca/?cat=carl_rogers&page=rogerian_therapy
Clinical Psychology Psychodynamic Cognitive-Behavioral Humanistic
Also known as person-centered or client-centered, Rogerian therapy, it "places much of the responsibility for the treatment process on the client, with the therapist taking a nondirective role" Person-centered therapy, 2009, Mind disorders). However, although effective with some clients: "Person-centered therapy, however, appears to be slightly less effective than other forms of humanistic therapy in which therapists offer more advice to clients and suggest topics to explore," as the client may use the therapy sessions more to complain or go over old grievances, than use the therapy to move forward in his or her life (Person-centered therapy, 2009, Mind disorders).
Another type of therapy that has radically escalated in popularity is that of family or marital therapy, which, like cognitive-behavioral therapy, tends to be focused on specific problems and of a fairly short duration. "Marriage and family therapists regularly practice short-term therapy; 12 sessions on average" FAQs, 2009, AAMFT). The…… [Read More]
FAQs about marriage and family therapy. (2009). American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy (AAMFT). Retrieved February 28, 2009 at http://www.aamft.org/faqs/index_nm.asp
Mulhauser, Greg. (2009). An introduction to cognitive therapy and cognitive-behavioral approaches. Counseling Resource. Retrieved February 28, 2009 at http://counsellingresource.com/types/cognitive-therapy/
Park, C. (2006, October 18). Best evidence summaries of topics in mental healthcare.
BEST in MH clinical question-answering service.
Non-Directive Communication Theories of Communication
The Rogerian Model
This is a theory of communication introduced by psychologist Carl Rogers (Lee 2011). It is founded on trust and emphasizes common goals. This theory proposes that an argument or situation should begin with a brief and objective definition of the problem. Rogers believes that communication will be more effective if trust exists. The nurse or therapist should make a neutral analysis of the patient's position so in order to show understanding of his views. She should also establish and present a neutral analysis of her own position. She should then analyze the goals and values they have in common. Their problem situation should construct a proposed solution that recognizes the interests of both sides, rather than one of them dominating and winning the problem situation (Lee).
Motivational Interview
This is a client-centered, directive method meant to encourage the patient's intrinsic motivation to change by discovering and handling…… [Read More]
Bozarth, G.O. 2011, 'How to use person-centered therapy for mental health,' eHow:
[Online] Available at http://www.ehow.com/how_2092776_use-person-centred-therapy-mental.html
Lee, L.W. 2011, 'What is the Rogerian model?, ' eHow [Online] Available at http://www.ehow.com/facts_7264316_rogerian-model.html
Lussier, Marie Therese 2007, 'The motivational interview in practice,' 53 (12) Canadian
Bess Case Study Applying the Right Treatment
Clinical Case Study: Bess
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) would be an appropriate intervention to assist Bess in overcoming her OCD by targeting the psychological foundation of the disorder. Bess's neurosis is related to a strong, overbearing impact from her mother in her childhood, now verging on agoraphobia, which is having a negative effect on her social and psychological life. Her symptoms do not appear to have a strong biological basis, thus CBT should be an effective intervention.
The rationale for selecting CBT is that it provides a goal-oriented strategy for overcoming negative behaviors and replacing them with positive ones. Because Bess is a goal-driven person, who has been highly motivated in the past to accomplish tasks, this strategy should be helpful in re-orienting her with a more positive focus. Her confused sexual experience followed by the forced abortion on her mother's orders have substantially deprived Bess of any ability to…… [Read More]
Asamsama, O., Dickstein, B., Chard, K. (2015). Do scores on the Beck Depression
Inventory-II Predict Outcome in Cognitive Processing Therapy? Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice and Policy, 7(5): 437-441.
Jones, J., Lyddon, W. (2000). Cognitive Therapy and Empirically Validated Treatments.
Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy: An International Quarterly, 14(3): 337-345.
Frank Seems Like an Ideal
Seeking therapy is a good first step, but given Frank's stunted emotional life, having concrete behavioral goals might be helpful, especially at the beginning of the therapeutic process.
Q2: Integrationist point-of-view
No single personality theory can heal all individuals: every person presents the therapist with unique challenges. Some patients, for example, with personality disorders such as bipolar disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, or schizoid personality disorder may benefit from having clear, concrete behavioral goals that they must perform, to help wean them from ineffective coping mechanisms (such as self-injury, obsessive rituals, or isolation). More searching types of 'talk' therapy alone may encourage patients to stall rather than to actively change their life in proactive ways and will not address some of the root, habitual causes of the patient's behavior.
Other patients who feel unfulfilled but have a more structured and healthy lifestyle might benefit from more exploratory types of therapy, including Rogers'…… [Read More]
When to Use Projective Tests and What to Do With Them
Projective Test
Under certain situations would I administer a projective test to a client. A projective test would be administered to a client when there are questions about the client's personality. The projective test is designed to elicit responses from the client that reveal underlying emotions, thoughts, desires, or tendencies within the person. The questions are open-ended and allow the responses to be analyzed and assessed in terms of content. The content gives clues as to the personality of the individual.
These tests are most effective with adults because by then the personality has been established. They are less effective with children because with children, researchers find that behavioral tests are more effective in revealing whether or not the child has a behavioral disorder by using "behavior rating scales" (Groth-Marnat, 2009, p. 7).
Thus I would use projective test in adult settings wherein it is helpful to gauge the individual's…… [Read More]
Groth-Marnat, G. (2009). Handbook of Psychological Assessment. NY: John Wiley
and Sons.
Hogan, T. (2003). Psychological Testing: A Practical Introduction. NY: John Wiley
Psychiatry Electroconvulsive Therapy Electroconvulsive Therapy
Evidence has been cited suggesting that ECT is particularly efficacious with psychotic depression. Experimental research and reviews of the literature tend to conclude that ECT is either equal or superior to antidepressant medication in the treatment of severe depression. In one study both depressed men and women were helped by ECT, but women tended to improve more with ECT than with imipramine, a tricyclic antidepressant. Men tended to improve more with imipramine. Both men and women improved more with ECT than with phenalzine, a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). It has been suggested that MAOIs and serotonin-specific reuptake inhibitors (SSIs) may be less clinically effective than heterocyclic antidepressants for severe depression. Thus, ECT's favorable comparison with imipramine is a strong endorsement.
The side effect of ECT that has received the most attention is memory loss. ECT results in two kinds of memory loss. The first involves quick forgetting of…… [Read More]
Breggin, P.R. (n.d.). Electroshock: Scientific, ethical, and political issues. Retrieved from http://www.sntp.net/ect/breggin1.htm
Electroconvulsive therapy. (2011). Retrieved from http://www.minddisorders.com/Del-
Fi/Electroconvulsive-therapy.html
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). (2011). Retrieved from http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/electroconvulsive-therapy/MY00129
Glbt Substance Abuse Therapies the
Indeed, the lack of "recognition and protection" by schools in general contributes to the "critically high level of suicide" among this community of minority students (146).
Surely alert, competent, contemporarily up-to-date school counselors understand that they have the "daunting but imperative obligation to become social activists for gay, lesbian, and bisexual students" since these students are the most "stigmatized members of school environs," Stone continues. There is no doubt that certain legal and ethical issues come in the way of school counselors' being free to help LGBT adolescents with their difficult decisions.
It is a "complex landscape" for counselors indeed, and they need to use caution in discussing birth control, abortion, drug abuse and more with straight and gay / lesbian students; moreover, since parents have the ultimate authority when it comes to counseling their children on important matters (the U.S. Supreme Court has affirmed that fact in several cases),…… [Read More]
Cabaj, Robert Paul, and Smith, Mickey. (2008). Overview of Treatment Approaches, Modalities,
and Issues of Accessibility in the Continuum of Care. Center for Substance Abuse
Treatment. Retrieved August 27, 2011, from http://www.samhsa.gov .
Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. (2008). A Provider's Introduction to Substance Abuse
Solution Focused Brief Therapy Sfbt
Thus, giving the patient a 'bird's eye view' of his/her life gives him/her a chance to reconsider past actions committed and change these to improve his/her relations with a partner or family member. As in family brief therapies, reconstructing a family's life according to each member's interpretation and reflection helps the therapist identify the family member who adopts a constructive or destructive view of the 'reconstructed family life.' Through SFT, the therapist is able to create a therapeutic process that would be time-efficient and beneficial to patients.
itter and Nicoll (2004) elucidated effectively the effectiveness of brief therapy treatment for couples and families (64):
brief therapists seek to establish in their clients a renewed faith in self as well as optimism and hope for their immediate and long-term futures. It is caring, however, that guarantees the client support and a safe return in a future session, now matter how the…… [Read More]
Bury, D. (2000). "Constructivist paradigms in other therapies." Journal of Constructivist Psychology, Vol. 13, Issue 4.
Bitter, J. And W. Nicoll. (2000). "Adlerian brief therapy with individuals: process and practice." Journal of Individual Psychology, Vol. 56, Issue 1.
____. (2004). "Relational strategies: two approaches to Adlerian brief therapy." Journal of Individual Psychology, Vol. 60, Issue 1.
Disque, J.G. And J. Bitter. (2004). "Emotion, experience, and early recollections: exploring restorative reorientation processes in Adlerian therapy." Journal of Individual Psychology, Vol. 60, Issue 2.
Counseling Therapy Theories Solution Focused Brief Therapy
Counseling Therapy Theories
The solution focused brief therapy (SFBT) is a type of therapy that is used much in counseling and a lot of time referred to as talking therapy that is based on the social constructionist philosophy. This therapy focuses on the aim or goal of the customer rather than the problem that drove him to seek help. It does not focus on the past events but primarily pays attention to the future.
The SFBT at times referred to as solution-focused or solution-building therapy was initiated and developed by Steve Shazer (1940-2005) in collaboration with Insoo Kim Berg (1934-2007) and their colleagues from the late 1970's in Wisconsin. This therapy is future focused, focuses on the goals and the solutions rather than on the problem (Institute for Solution-Focused Therapy, 2011).
Here, it is the duty of the counselor to invite the client to try…… [Read More]
Alan Car, (1998). Michael White's Narrative Theory, Contemporary Family Therapy. Human Sciences Press Inc. http://resources.metapress.com/pdf-preview.axd?code=j42386l16060v3q0&size=largest
Cynthia Good Mojab, (2006). Solution-Focused Brief Therapy. Retrieved September 6, 2011
from http://www.lifecirclecc.com/Solution.html
Freedman, J. & Combs, G. (1996). Shifting paradigms: From systems to stories. In Freedman, J. & Combs, G., Narrative therapy: The social construction of preferred realities, chapter 1. New York: Norton.
Cognitive-Behavior and Reality Therapies Cognitive-Behavior
The choice to do so and then controlling oneself, rather than being pushed and pulled by controls beyond oneself is as difficult and heart-wrenching as being controlled by others. Likewise, reconnecting to the world is difficult if the world is feared and seen as the source of pain. Counselors teach the patients to not think of the past but to act and do directly those things that would make it positive today, finding a new connection and making a new plan. (Glasser, 2001)
Behavioral Therapy, Psyweb.com. (2006). etrieved September 5, 2006 at http://psyweb.com/Mdisord/MdisordADV/AdvPsych.jsp
Burns, D. (1980). Feeling Good - the New Mood Therapy. New York: Signet
Burns, D. (1999). Feeling Good: The New Mood Therapy (evised edition). New York: Harper Collins Publishers.
Glasser, W. (n.d.) Choice Theory: A New Psychology of Personal Freedom, Chatsworth, CA the William Glasser Institute.
Glasser, W. (2001.) the Institute for eality Therapy. etrieved September…… [Read More]
Behavioral Therapy, Psyweb.com. (2006). Retrieved September 5, 2006 at http://psyweb.com/Mdisord/MdisordADV/AdvPsych.jsp
Burns, D. (1999). Feeling Good: The New Mood Therapy (Revised edition). New York: Harper Collins Publishers.
The Palm Gardens Center for
All these professionals work together in order to establish a
rehabilitation plan that works best for each individual. The component
members of the team are subject to change in accordance with each
individual's needs and requirements. Also, the center holds
interdisciplinary conferences.
The Palm Gardens Center does not use volunteers in its activity. The
reason behind this choice relies on the fact that this center is a for
profit organization. All the individuals employed here are paid. Most of
them work full time, but there are also part time employees.
In management's opinion, it is not a good idea to use volunteers,
because people that are not financially motivated tend to not perform their
tasks as good as they are supposed to. Basically, if one wants something
done properly, the activity in cause must be remunerated in accordance.
The Palm Gardens Center is very involved in the life of the…… [Read More]
1. Mission (2005). The Palm Gardens Center. Retrieved March 25,
2009 from http://www.palmgardenscenter.com/.
2. Staffing Information (2009). UCompareHealthCare. Retrieved
March 25, 2009 from
http://www.ucomparehealthcare.com/nhs/newyork/palmgardenscen
terfornursingandrehab.html.
3. Palm Gardens Nursing Home, Brooklyn, NY (2009). Hospital Data,
Hospitals and Nursing Homes Profiles. Retrieved March 25, 2009
Family Systems Therapy Strengths and
Bowen therapists would respond that all members of the family unit share the same emotional 'skin' in a unique fashion. ithin today's cultural context, because the nuclear family is given such importance, it often must be subject to particular examination. But "each concept in Bowen theory applies to nonfamily groups, such as work and social organizations. The concept of societal emotional process describes how the emotional system governs behavior on a societal level, promoting both progressive and regressive periods in a society" (Societal emotional process, 2009, the Bowen Center). Bowen theory ultimately does take a macro view, and sees the family system as interlocked in a series of family systems that make up a society.
Thus family systems therapy does allow for an analysis of an extended family, when these relationships are sufficiently impactful upon the individuals. The therapy analyzes multigenerational influences upon the family's collective psyche. It examines how…… [Read More]
Bowen theory. (2009). The Bowen Center. Retrieved August 24, 2009 at http://www.thebowencenter.org/pages/theory.html
Differentiation of the self. (2009). The Bowen Center. Retrieved August 24, 2009 at http://www.thebowencenter.org/pages/conceptds.html
Nuclear family emotional system. (2009). The Bowen Center. Retrieved August 24, 2009 at http://www.thebowencenter.org/pages/conceptnf.html
Societal emotional process. (2009). The Bowen Center. Retrieved August 24, 2009 at http://www.thebowencenter.org/pages/conceptsep.html
Personal Theory of Therapy the
These three seminal perspectives may possess a lot of similarities, yet each of them has contributed novel ideas that are consistent with its theoretical underpinnings. In many of the substance abuse treatment arenas, the significant aspects of all these three approaches are blended to provide for a cognitive-behavioral model that gives the best result in terms of all the other therapies. (Brief Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy)
Three theorists who have influenced the behaviorist theories are:
1. Watson J.B. - One of the originators of behaviorism and a proponent of the reductionist approach to the study of human behavior.
2. Skinner B.F. - He was the one most responsible for the spread of the behaviorist philosophy.
3. Wolpe, Joseph. The method of systematic desensitization to deal with fear was created by him. (Theories and Theorists)
Brief Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy." NIDA. etrieved at http://www.addictionalternatives.com/philosophy/briefcbtherapy.htm. Accessed on February 15, 2005
Bush, Winston John. (December 22,…… [Read More]
Brief Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy." NIDA. Retrieved at http://www.addictionalternatives.com/philosophy/briefcbtherapy.htm. Accessed on February 15, 2005
Bush, Winston John. (December 22, 2003) "Learning theory: A fuller-fuller explanation of CBT" Retrieved at http://www.cognitivetherapy.com/learning.html Accessed on February 15, 2005
Cognitive Therapy for Depression" Retrieved at http://www.psychologyinfo.com/depression/cognitive.htm . Accessed on February 15, 2005
Grohol, John M. (July 21, 1995) "Theoretical Orientations and Practices of Therapists"
Psychoanalytic and Adlerian Therapies Analysis
It assumes a person is in control of their own fate and not a victim to it. Starting at an early age, a unique style of life is created by the person and that life-style stays relatively constant throughout the remainder of life. Working toward success, connectedness with others, and contributions to society are considered hallmarks of mental health, as well as being motivated by goals, dealing with the tasks faced in life, and social interest. Birth order is considered important in understanding a person's current personality, yet the therapy is future-minded, rather than retrospective. (Psyweb Pro, 2006)
In Adlerian therapy, the therapist will gather as much family history as possible. This data will be used to help set goals for the client and to get an idea of the clients' past performance. This will help ascertain whether the goal is too low or high, and if the client has…… [Read More]
Adlerian Psychology, Psyweb.com 2006, http://psyweb.com/Mdisord/MdisordADV/AdvPsych.jsp (Retrieved August 20, 2006)
Corey, Gerald (1991) Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy
Carlson, Neil R. (1995) Foundations of Physiological Psychology
CTA: Cognitive Therapy Associates, http://www.cognitive-therapy-associates.com/therapy/adlerian-therapy.php
Animal Assisted Therapy Within Society Is it Helpful to Those Who Seek Its Services
Society Feels About Animals
As a first order primate, humans have a natural affinity with animals of all types that has contributed to their mutual relationships throughout history. In fact, animals of different types have been since the time of the ancient Greeks to improve the emotional and functional status of humans (Mccauley, 2006, p. 358). Animal-assisted therapy (AAT) has grown in popularity in recent years based on its proven efficacy in treating a wide range of healthcare and mental health conditions. Although dogs and cats are most commonly used in AAT settings, horses, rabbits and even fish can also be used. For instance, according to Macauley, "The use of animals ranges from companion animals that provide camaraderie and emotional support to assistance animals that provide direct physical-functional support to therapy animals that aid with the habilitation-rehabilitation in physical, occupational, speech-language, and recreation therapy" (2006, p. 358). Moreover, some researchers…… [Read More]
Becker, D. (2013, August 26). "Four-Legged Therapy for Military Veterans with PTSD."
Healthy Pets. [online] available: http://healthypets.mercola.com/sites/healthypets / archive/2013/0.
Bleich, A. (2004, October 1). "Mental Disability." The Israel Journal of Psychiatry and Related
Sciences, 41(4), 235-237.
Solution Focused Brief Therapy Today
For example, Jones and Charlton note that it is possible to develop appropriate problem-solving techniques in the following four major areas:
1. Identifying the goal which is appropriate and achievable;
2. Identifying exceptions to the usual pattern of problems;
3. Measuring the student's progress towards achieving the goal; and,
4. Providing useful and positive feedback.
Finally, SFBT can be used either as a "stand-alone" counseling approach or in tandem with other techniques. For example, Linton (2005) emphasizes that SFBT ". . . can operate as a stand alone approach or in conjunction with traditional models of treatment. Solution-focused mental health counselors do not view SFBT and traditional models of treatment as incompatible. Collaborating with clients to create counseling goals, be they directed towards abstinence, self-help group attendance, changes in thinking errors, or some other goal of the client's choosing, selves to enhance motivation to change" (p. 298). Likewise, Jones and…… [Read More]
de Shazer, S. (1979, Summer). Brief therapy with families. American Journal of Family
Therapy, 7(2).
de Shazer, S. (1986). An indirect approach to brief therapy (Family Therapy Collections, Vol.
19, pp 48-55, Aspen Systems). Milwaukee, WI: Brief Family Therapy Center.
Crystal Therapy Crystal Healing and
Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet thus correspond to the seven chakras located along the spinal column." (Fuller 242) Crystal therapy is therefore based on the control and manipulation of these energies so that there is the "correct" or appropriate and balanced amount of this energy in each of the chakras.
The most touted of New Age healing techniques has been the use of crystals. Enthusiasts claim that because rock crystal is almost entirely devoid of color, it is an almost perfect capacitor of divine white light. Explanations of exactly how crystals wield their healing powers vary from practitioner to practitioner. Some maintain that the unique properties of crystals make them excellent receptors of metaphysical energies.
Fuller 242/3)
rief history of crystal therapy
As has already been mentioned, the history of this form of therapy is to be found in many historical documents and in myths, stories and…… [Read More]
Bibliography www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=102478367
Albanese, Catherine L. "Chapter 6 the Magical Staff: Quantum Healing in the New Age." Perspectives on the New Age / . Ed. James R. Lewis and J. Gordon Melton. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1992. 68-84. Questia. 11 Mar. 2007 http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=102478457.
Bachelor B. Alternative therapies. 11 Mar. 2007. http://www.barcelona- metropolitan.com/Article.aspx?TabID=2&MenuID=8&ArticleID=146
Blanchard a. Alternative medicine and herbal use among university students. Journal of American College Health. 2006. 11 Mar. 2007. http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-155567732.html www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=108566203
Bix, Amy Sue. "Engendering Alternatives." The Politics of Healing: Histories of Alternative Medicine in Twentieth-Century North America. Ed. Robert D. Johnston. New York: Routledge, 2004. 153-180. Questia. 11 Mar. 2007 http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=108566390.
Psychological the Most Creative Person
Portfolio: Patients who express suicidal ideation should always be taken seriously. I have read that the greatest risk factor for suicide in previous attempts. Sometimes suicide can be considered a cry for help, and everyone who expresses some time of suicidal ideation deserves evaluation.
Question 14.2
The form of psychotherapy I find the most appealing is the cognitive behavioral approach. It appeals to me since the focus if reparative and based on a desire to change one's behaviors which contribute to the problem which prompted therapy in the first place. Patients who engage in cognitive behavioral therapy require a certain degree of insight into how their behaviors contribute to their own emotions or feelings. The interaction of mind and body can be especially telling; many psychological disorders have physical manifestations and conversely, many chronic medical problems can also manifest emotional symptoms. Cognitive behavioral therapy allows the individual to recognize patterns…… [Read More]
Moscicki EK. Identification of suicide risk factors using epidemiologic studies. Psychiatr Clin North Am 1997; 20:499-517.
Bushman BJ, Peterson WC, Bonacci EA, Vasquez EA, Miller N. (2005) Chewing on it Can Chew You Up: Effects of Rumination on Triggered Displaced Aggression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology Copyright 2005 by the American Psychological Association. Vol. 88, No. 6, 969-983
Caprara, G.V., Barbaranelli, C., & Comrey, a.L. (1992). A personological approach to the study of aggression. Personality and Individual Differences,
Outpatient Clinic Center for All Health Care
Outpatient Clinic Center
For all health care facilities, having a code of ethics is critical for establishing acceptable practices for everyone to follow. This helps to improve the quality of care and professionalism. (Bryant, 2012) To fully understand how this can enhance an organization requires examining an outpatient clinic in the United States.
This will be accomplished by looking at the Anxiety Disorder Outpatient Clinic at Johns Hopkins University. During this process there will be a focus on: the background of the facility, its organizational structure, two potential ethical dilemmas, how to implement the ethical code and consequences for violating different provisions. Together, these elements will provide specific insights as to the way the facility can address any challenges and enhance treatment options.
Background of Facility
Johns Hopkins University has two different outpatient clinics they are operating. These are located at Johns Hopkins Hospital and Bayview Medical Center. Established in…… [Read More]
2010 Manager's Survival Guide. (2010). Johns Hopkins. Retrieved from: http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/jhhr/OrganizationDevelopmentandTraining/Leadership/managersurvivalguidenew.pdf
Pyschiatry and Behavioral Sciences. (2012). Johns Hopkins Medicine. Retrieved from: http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/psychiatry/about/
Bonifeld, J. (2012). 10 Shocking Medical Mistakes. CNN. Retrieved from: http://edition.cnn.com/2012/06/09/health/medical-mistakes/index.html
Bryant, B. (2012). Why is a Code of Ethics Important? E. How. Retrieved from: http://www.ehow.com/about_6466043_code-among-health-care-administrators_.html
Animal Assisted Therapy Animals When
69). Petting a dog lowered blood pressure and respiratory rate -- even if the dog was somebody else's. Pet owners that have heart surgery recover faster and stand a better chance of full recovery. Touching a warm furry animal gives them relief.
Moreover, pet ownership is a predictor of survival after hospitalization for any serious illness (Gunter & Furnham, 1999).
Demello (1999) found that the "mere presence of an animal" could lower blood pressure and that the effect persisted even after the animal was gone. Visual contact with an animal, although it helped, was not as good as touching. Heart rates decreased significantly in a three-minute period of physical contact with the animal (Demello, 1999).
A story in Time magazine (2001) tells how a brain-injured man needed help to get back his sense of balance. Ginger, an Australian shepherd, liked to fetch, so physical therapy for this man was to…… [Read More]
Brodie, S., Biley, F.C., and Shewring, M. (2002). An exploration of the potential risks associated with using pet therapy in healthcare settings. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 11 (4), 444-456.
Demello, L. (1999). The effect of the presence of a companion-animal on physiological changes following the termination of cognitive stressors. Psychology & Health, 14 (5), 859.
Gunter, B. And Furnham, a. (1999). Are pets good for our physical well-being? In Pets and People: The Psychology of Pet Ownership, Chapter 5, 6. London: Wherr Publishing, 66-81/
Hooker, S.D., Freeman, L.H., and Stewart, P. (2002). Pet therapy research: A historical review. Holistic Nursing Practice, 16 (5), 17-23.
Cardiac Therapy for Men With
This is due in part to the fact that the researchers listened to the responses of the patients (which were recorded) only after they had used bracketing techniques to identify their own biases and opinions that might cause them difficulty. This was important, because many people have preconceived ideas about why someone would be in a cardiac therapy program. By analyzing the data this way, the researchers could remain true to the research question that they wanted to answer and ensure that their own biases did not get in the way of the true qualitative method.
There are both strengths and limitations to a study such as this one. The first strength is the qualitative method itself, which is far more appropriate for this type of study than the quantitative method would have been. The second strength is the use of bracketing by the researchers to shield the data that…… [Read More]
Baird, KK & Pierce, LL (2001). Adherence to cardiac therapy for men with coronary artery disease. Rehabilitation Nursing, 26(6): 233-239.
Neonatal.peds.washington.edu. (2000). Retrieved 15 August 2005 at http://neonatal.
A peds.washington.edu/NICU-WEB/pphn.stm.
Spencer, E., Mills, A., Rorty, M., and Werhane, P. 1999. Organization Ethics for Health Care. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Dr Murray Bowen Family Systems Therapy Contribution
Dr. Murray Bowen family systems therapy contribution family therapy. Explain the Bowenian
Dr. Murray Bowen's place in family systems therapy is secure and is one of the most prominent of theorists within this field. He has helped to pioneer a number of important concepts within this discipline, which have actually served to revolutionize the field itself and its very conception of not only human nature, but of human interactivity at the family level. In fact, Bowen's work in family systems therapy has transcended this field alone, and has been applied to others aspects of erudition such as crisis situations and how people respond to them -- as denoted by his work with the Environmental Protection Agency (Baege, 2005). In contemporary times, Bowen's theory (alternately referred to as the Bowenian model) serves as the basis for family systems therapy.
Throughout the course of his Bowen's professional career he uncovered numerous theoretical…… [Read More]
Baege, M. (2005). Dr. Murray Brown. Vermont Center for Family Studies. Retrieved from http://www.vermontcenterforfamilystudies.org/about_vcfs/dr_murray_bowen/
Brown, J. (1999). Bowen family systems theory and practice: illustration and critique. A.N.Z.J. Family Therapy. 20(2), 94-103.
The Bowen Theory. (No date). Bowen theory. www.thebowencenter.org. Retrieved from http://www.thebowencenter.org/pages/theory.html
Cognitive Stimulation Therapy for Early Stages of
Cognitive Stimulation Therapy for Early Stages of Dementia
With an aging population, issues related to cognitive abilities and impairment, including dementia, are increasing in relevance to public health officials. Being able to delay the negative results of dementia can contribute to increased quality of life for a number of aging individuals and their families. At present, many health care professionals view dementia as a condition that will deteriorate over time and do not view it as something that can be effectively stalled or reversed (Hodges & Graham, 1999). Many of the programs available for individuals dealing with cognitive deterioration or dementia are designed to provide for their safety and contentedness, but do not focus much on improving or maintaining cognitive abilities. Furthermore, the emphasis of many day programs is on providing a safe place for individuals so that their caregivers can have the much-needed respite in their care routines. Caregivers…… [Read More]
Banks, M.R., & Banks, W.A. (2002). The effects of animal-assisted therapy on loneliness in an elderly population in long-term care facilities. The Journals of Gerontology: Series A, 57(7), M428-M432.
Barker, S. & Dawson, K.S. (1998). The effects of animal-assisted therapy on anxiety ratings of hospitalized psychiatric patients. Psychiatric Services, 49, 797-801.
Breuil, V., De Rotrou, J., Forette, F., et al. (1994). Cognitive stimulation of patients with dementia: preliminary results. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 9, 211-217.
Cochran, S.D., Mays, V.M., Bown, D., Gage, S., Bybee, D., Roberts, S.J, Goldstein, R.S., Robinson, A., Rankow, E.J., & White, J. (2001). Cancer-related risk indicators and preventative screening behaviours among lesbian and bisexual women. American Journal of Public Health, 91(4), 591-597.
Application of Emotion-Focused Therapy on Clients
Established at the outset of the 80s by Dr. Les Greenberg and Dr. Sue Johnson, emotionally focused therapy (EFT) abides by the way of life that relationships are at the center or essence of human experience. It is founded on the principles that emotionally satisfying relationships are basic constituents of mental and physical health, and that interventions that are emotionally oriented have the authority to create and reconstruct helpful connections and ties between persons. The founders of EFT have the belief that each and every individual can take full advantage of their potential if placed in a fostering social setting (Johnson, 2009). Emotion-focused treatment was advanced as an empirically-cognizant method to the exercise of psychoanalysis grounded in present-day psychosomatic philosophies of working. Emotion-focused therapy endeavors to change the emotional or mental or behavioral sense of balance by putting emphasis on the vital role of the familiarity of adaptive emotion in…… [Read More]
Brenning, K.M., Braet, C. (2013). The emotion regulation model of attachment: An emotion-specific approach, Personal Relationships, 2013, 20, 1
Goldman, R.N., Greenberg, L.S. (2014). Case Formulation in Emotion-Focused Therapy: Co-Creating Clinical Maps for Change
Greenberg, L.S. (2004). Emotion -- focused therapy. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 11(1), 3-16.
Greenberg, L.S. (2010). Emotion-focused therapy: A clinical synthesis. Focus, 8(1), 32-42.
CBT Cognitive Behaviour Therapy Case Study
Cognitive Behavior Therapy- A Case Study
Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) Case Study
K is a forty-eight-year female who referred to Midlothian's clinical psychology psychosis service. K has a twenty-year history of mental health conditions. She first decided to contact mental health services because of the episodes of paranoia and severe depression she had experienced. During her initial contact with the mental health services she was diagnosed with schizo-affective disorder in 1996. When she was first referred to the mental health services department she was a single. She told of having only two close relationships in her past life. She however also said that she found these relationships challenging when it came to intimate contact. She also generally described that she found it somewhat difficult to form friendships or to trust people in her life. Despite the mental health conditions her general physical well-being was good. K was prescribed…… [Read More]
Bladek, M. (2014). Against memory: Acts of remembering in Jamaica Kincaid's My Brother. Retrieved from http://criticism.english.illinois.edu/2007%20Fall%20Documents/Affect%20Abstracts/Abstracts.htm
DeJong, P. & . Berg I.K (1998): Interviewing for solutions. Thomson: Brooks/Cole.
Drisko, J. (2014). Research Evidence and Social Work Practice: The Place of Evidence-Based Practice. Clin Soc Work J. 42:123-133 DOI 10.1007/s10615-013-0459-9
Freud, S. (1924) A general introduction to psychoanalysis. New York: Boni & Liveright.
Analyzing Sexual Assualt Treatment Center
Sexual Assault Treatment Center
Describe the social problem for the community
Sexual assault is a criminal sexual act, either physical or otherwise, committed by a perpetrator against a victim (usually a child) using physical, intimidation/force, or emotional manipulation. Sexual assault subjects the victim to the perpetrator's demands through use of coercion, force, manipulation or explicit/implicit threats. Sexual assault is considered criminal because the act is committed against a victim without seeking his or her consent. Sexual assaults are also considered wrong and criminal regardless of the relationship between the perpetrator and the victim or the religion, culture, sex, sexual orientation or age of the victim. In case the victim is a child, sexual assault is termed as sexual abuse. In sexual abuse an adult uses his or her position of power to satisfy their desires. As mentioned earlier, sexual assault can be with or without physical contact and it may…… [Read More]
Alexander, P. (1992). Application of attachment theory to the study of sexual abuse. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 60(2), 185-95.
Amnesty International. (2005). Amnesty International Report. London: Times.
Appalachian State University. (2016). Sexual Assault Facts. Retrieved Febuary 6, 2016, from Appalachian State University: http://sexualassault.appstate.edu/sexual-assault-rape/sexual-assault-facts
Berliner, L., & Saunders, B. (n.d.). Treating fear and anxiety in sexually abused children. Research grantees report to NCCAN. Seattle, WA: Sexual Assault Center, Harborview Medical Center.
Creoles Professionals Involved in Therapy and Counseling
Professionals involved in therapy and counseling with members of the Creole culture of New Orleans and southern Louisiana should be aware of the history and traditions of this group that make it distinctive from all others in the United States, and indeed from the French-speaking Cajun communities in the same region. In Louisiana, Creoles are not simply the white descendants of the early French and Spanish colonists, although in the post-Civil War era of Jim Crow there was a major attempt to redefine them as 100% white. This was never the case in history since they are a mixed-race people descended from Europeans, Native Americans and African slaves during the 18th Century and occupied a special caste in pre-Civil War Louisiana. They spoke their own language known as Creole French, as do tens of thousands of their descendants today, and in appearance have often been able to 'pass' as…… [Read More]
Ancelet, B.J. (1994). Cajun and Creole Folk Tales: The French Oral Tradition of South Louisiana. Garland Publsihing, Inc.
Dass-Bailsford, P. (2010). "Ignore the Dead: We Want the Living" in Dass-Brailsford, P., ed. Crisis and Disaster Counseling: Lessons Learned from Hurricane Katrina and Other Disasters. SAGE Publications.
Dominguez, V.R. (1997). White by Definition: Social Classification in Creole Louisiana. Rutgers University Press.
Dormon, J.H. (1996). "Ethnicity and Identity: Creoles of Color in Twentieth-Century South Louisiana" in Dormon, J.H. Creoles of Color in the Gulf South. University of Tennessee Press, pp. 166-86.
Complementary and Alternative Therapies the
In addition to this situation, a variety of situations exist in which the spirit may influence illness. Asian philosophies often discuss the spirit's relation to the body and illness, suggesting that those who can maintain their spirits also do a service to their bodies. For example, the ancient art of Shiatsu teaches that the body, mind, and spirit are all connected by energy, and that the Hara, located in the abdomen, is the center of the body that connects it to the spiritual world. Thus, by "centering" oneself, illness, pain, and even mental anguish can be overcome. Asian medical and spiritual arts like Shiatsu have come to influence the modern movement based on what is termed the law of attraction. This theory suggests that all living things are made of energy, and so the creation of positive energy through positive thoughts and an open spirit leads to better health.
While…… [Read More]
Counseling Therapy Counseling Problem Sexual Identity
Some other factors may also be addressed such as the client's perception of his or her role in homosexuality, if he comes from a culture where it is normal or acceptable for men to be sexually active with other men, so long as he is not sexually passive -- this may affect his sense of his sexual identity as well.
It must be stressed, above all, at the first session, that the counselor cannot provide the client with an all-encompassing answer to his or her dilemmas regarding family and identity. The counselor cannot be the person who gives permission to 'leave,' or the person who orders the individual to 'stay.' Rather, the counselor is there as a sounding board. At this early juncture, once the client's readiness to leave or not leave his current marital session is assessed, it may be helpful to have another counselor deal with the problems…… [Read More]
Gladding, Samuel. (2005) Counseling Theories: Essential Concepts and Applications. New York: Prentice Hall
Interview With Homosexual Person
Words: 2749 Length: 10 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 2310425
channels are focused on the heated debate about homosexual marriages. Statutes are passed to allow it, thousands run to get it done before new statutes are put into place to remove the ability. At the center of the human rights tug-of-war, are the homosexuals of America. Many years ago, homosexuals were shunned by society. Their sexual orientation was deemed lewd and illegal and those who were homosexual were encouraged to remain firmly in the closet. For the past few decades, movement has been underway to dissolve the archaic attitudes and replace them with acceptance and tolerance. While this last challenge is faced, the fact remains that homosexuals are still experiencing discrimination and hate crimes. This paper will present an interview styled case study about the life of a homosexual. It will explore the biological, psychological and social aspects of being homosexual from the view point of one homosexual male. The…… [Read More]
Recognizing sexual orientation is fair and not costly.
HRMagazine; June 1, 1993; Martinez, Michelle Neely
Family and Systemic Therapies Shift From First-Order to Second Order
Shift From First-order to Second-Order Cybernetics in the Family and Systemic Therapies
The strategic family therapy model came up in the 1950s and was inspired by two primary works: the works of Milton Erickson who came up with revolutionary paradoxical interventions which took advantage of people's resistance to change to help alter psychiatric symptoms first; and the works of Gregory Bateson and the Palo Alto Group that made use of cybernetics in communication patterns of the family. The style of a therapist changes as he or she gets better as a person and as they develop professionally, and also as per what is in fashion at the time. An older person has the chance to look at what happened in their past and see what worked and what failed. This gives them a better perspective of what works and what might not work for a given situation. The path is…… [Read More]
Asen, E. (2004). Outcome research in family therapy. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment, vol. 8, pp. 230-238
Asen, K.E., Berkowitz, R., Cooklin, A., et al. (1991). Family therapy outcome research: a trial for families, therapists and researchers. Family Process, 30, 3-20.
Baron, P. (2007). Ecosystemic psychology; first and second order cybernetics.
Baucom, D., Shoham, V., Mueser, K., et al. (1998). Empirically supported couple and family interventions for marital distress and adult mental health problems. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 66, 53-88.
Looking Into the Therapy Process
Contextual and Larger System Factors
Role of Collaboration
Steve de Shazer, Insoo Kim erg, and coworkers came up with the original version of the SFT (Solution-Focused rief Therapy) in the year 1982 at Milwaukee, Wisconsin's rief Family Therapy Center. At first, they employed the approach of problem resolution, which they had become acquainted with at Palo Alto, California's Mental Research Institute during their work with psychotherapist, John Weakland. ut upon listening to clients/patients explaining their problems' fine points, they started noticing that clients revealed exceptions as well -- i.e., times when their problem proved to be minimal or even sometimes absent. At this juncture, therapy shifted its emphasis from problem description to two exceptions' specifics. This change of focus ensured migration of therapy to development of a solution, from resolution of the issue. With redefinition of the therapy's focus, a shift was observed in clients' and therapists' individual role expectations,…… [Read More]
Greenberg, G., Granshorn, K., & Danilkewich, A. (2001). Solution-focused therapy: Counseling model for busy family physicians. Can Fam Physician, 2289-2295.
Hertlein, K., Shute, J. L., & Benson, K. (2004). Postmodern Influence in Family Therapy Research:Reflections of Graduate Students . The Qualitative Report, 538-561.
Hepworth, DH, Rooney, R. H., Rooney, G. D., Gottfried, K. S., & Larsen, J. (2006). Direct social work practice: Theory and skills (8th ed.). Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning.
France, M., Rodriguez, M., Hett, G., (2012). Diversity, Culture and Counselling: A Canadian Perspective, 2e. Brush Education: UK.
Use of Strategic Family Therapy
Dana is a young and beautiful woman with family members that seem to constantly put her down whenever they get together. They appear to be self-centered and attention seeking. The mother has set expectations she places on her family and seems angry whenever they do not meet those expectations. For example, the mother suggested Dana get breast enlargement surgery to appease her boyfriend Matt. Her sister, Joanie also commented on Dana's appearance, making sure to let Dana know she appeared overweight or had a large rear end. These comments can and do affect people's self-esteem especially when the source of such comments are from people that person loves or is supposed to trust.
Dana takes everything and says nothing, agreeing with the remarks and feeling like she truly is overweight even if objectively people see her as very attractive. She also cannot say how she feels even around her boyfriend.…… [Read More]
Arendt, K., Thastum, M., & Hougaard, E. (2015). Homework Adherence and Cognitive Behaviour Treatment Outcome for Children and Adolescents with Anxiety Disorders. Behavioural And Cognitive Psychotherapy, 44(02), 225-235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465815000429
Gingerich, W. & Peterson, L. (2013). Effectiveness of Solution-Focused Brief Therapy: A Systematic Qualitative Review of Controlled Outcome Studies. Research On Social Work Practice, 23(3), 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049731512470859
Hayes, S., Levin, M., Plumb-Vilardaga, J., Villatte, J., & Pistorello, J. (2013). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Contextual Behavioral Science: Examining the Progress of a Distinctive Model of Behavioral and Cognitive Therapy. Behavior Therapy, 44(2), 180-198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2009.08.002
Hofmann, S., Asnaani, A., Vonk, I., Sawyer, A., & Fang, A. (2012). The Efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: A Review of Meta-analyses. Cognitive Therapy And Research, 36(5), 427-440. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10608-012-9476-1
therapy is usually applied in cases such as the one exhibited by Kong, following the loss of a loved one. The procedure is outlined below:
The Semi-Structured Clinical Interview
The informal assessment of individuals faced with the effects of the loss of a loved one such as Kong's case is the semi structured interview. This approach allows the therapist to classify victims according to the symptoms that they exhibit. The approach allows for the recording of changes in profile symptoms demonstrated over time. The information below should be collected from a client.
One's bio-data
The mental illness history of the family
Ones medical history
Any past visits or interactions with a psychiatrist
One's social history
Varying aspects of one's specific information should be collected regarding the loss of a loved one
There is need to focus the interview details on the secondary and primary…… [Read More]
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Good Behavior: Has been quite the tossup since midseason. It premiered lower after a timeslot move, and fell after bad episodes in the first half. However, ratings for the second half of the sophomore season were stronger, and it climbed to a season high (and beat the first season finale) for its finale rating, showing some chance of life and a renewal. It's undoubtedly a cheap to produce show, which bodes well for it. Some other factors to help its case are that it is an in-house production (something networks love), it has a Hulu deal, and TNT seems to really love it themselves. Also, it's finale 0.22 was pretty close in the ratings to what Major Crimes, The Last Ship, and The Librarians have begun to pull (they range from 0.20-0.28ish) so, it's not like it's totally flopping way below the pact.
It's a major tossup to predict, however, TNT has sent out a season survey to ask viewers what they liked and didn't like, saying responses can "shape the show", but if the show is done, how can responses shape the show? It should be noted TNT has not done this for any other show before.
I'm slightly leaning towards a renewal at TCAs in January, but it truly could go either way.
Happy!: Syfy's hits are far and few nowadays. Happy! premiered to a shockingly high and strong 0.40, before falling a hefty 0.23 to a 0.17 for weeks two and three. While the drop was unfortunate and not good, a 0.17 is still respectable for Syfy and should keep them happy for a couple more seasons. Renew.
What do you think of the predictions? What are your predictions? Let us know in the comments below, and Happy Christmas Eve!