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Swift Withdrawal of International Troops Sparks Widespread Fear in Afghanistan
Swift Withdrawal of International Troops Sparks Widespread Fear in Afghanistan, Experts Tell Security Council, Sounding Alarm over Taliban Military Gains
Group Must Cut Ties with Terrorists, Foreign Minister Insists, Citing Recent Massacres of Schoolchildren, Vaccinators
Amid the swift withdrawal of troops by the United States and its allies from Afghanistan, the Taliban is flexing its military muscle to gain greater control of the country's territory, speakers warned the Security Council in a videoconference meeting today, as one civil society leader urged members to help avert a "Rwanda-type genocide" in the conflict-plagued country.
"The Taliban's advances are significant," said Deborah Lyons, the Secretary-General's Special Representative and Head of the United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA), as she briefed the 15-member organ and introduced the latest report of the Secretary-General (document S/2021/570). Noting that more than 60 of Afghanistan's roughly 370 districts have fallen to a Taliban military campaign since the beginning of May — some without resistance — she cautioned that the group is seizing area surrounding provincial capitals in an effort to position itself to take those centres once foreign forces are fully withdrawn.
She denounced the military campaign as running directly counter to recent statements by the head of the Taliban Political Commission, which pledged the group's commitment to "forging ahead with the other sides in an atmosphere of mutual respect and reach an agreement". Expressing hope that the stalled negotiations between the United States and the Taliban will accelerate through a conference in Istanbul in April, she nevertheless reported that the latter never officially responded to the invitation to the meeting. Meanwhile, UNAMA continues to work within the scope of its mandate and, in cooperation with Member States, to find ways to move forward the negotiations.
Emphasizing that the April announcement that all international troops will be withdrawn in the coming months sent a seismic tremor through the Afghan political system, and society at large, she stressed: "The withdrawal decision was expected, but its speed — with the majority of troops already withdrawn — was not." All actors have been forced to adjust to that new, rapidly unfolding reality. For their part, regional countries have been playing a crucial role in helping Afghanistan to stabilize and integrate more fully into the region. She called for further galvanizing the existing regional formats, including the Extended "Troika" of the United States, Russian Federation, China and Pakistan, to reinforce a political and peaceful path for Afghanistan.
"I have reassured Afghans that the United Nations will not abandon them and will stay the course," she continued, underscoring that there is only one acceptable direction for Afghanistan — away from the battlefield and back to the negotiating table. The Council, with the support of regional countries, must do all it can to push the parties in that direction. Left to its own inertia, Afghanistan's tragic history of conflict will only repeat itself, she warned.
Mary Akrami, Executive Director of Afghan Women's Network, also briefed the Council, deploring that the United States-Taliban agreement reached in February "has brought nothing but increased violence". The parties to the peace process must not negotiate peace while at the same time launching violent offensives, she insisted, emphasizing that such a duality only serves to undermine the peace process and erode the population's confidence in it.
Noting that the plea of Afghan civil society – particularly women — for a ceasefire has been dismissed by the Taliban, she said the group has even launched a murderous campaign against professional women, journalists, and peacebuilders. Meanwhile, it has intensified its violent attacks on educational institutions and public and private properties, she said, declaring: "We are tired of attending funerals of our friends and relatives — we want an end to this war." Urging the Council not to stand idly by as spectators, she demanded: "Do not allow a Rwanda-type genocide take place under your watch in Afghanistan."
Ghada Fathi Waly, Executive Director of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), also briefed, describing how drug trafficking could undermine the fragile peace process in Afghanistan. Citing Council resolution 2543 (2020), she highlighted the importance of regional cooperation, governance and the rule of law, including through the fight against corruption, as the "building blocks" for an Afghanistan at peace. A cornerstone action to achieve that aspiration is a well-integrated and balanced strategy to counter the illicit drug trade, she said, noting that taxes on opium — paid by poppy farmers mostly to the Taliban — were valued at $14.5 million in 2019. Taxes on the more lucrative manufacturing and trafficking of opiates may have generated eight times as much, with the total income from opium estimated at 11 per cent of Afghanistan's gross domestic product (GDP).
Noting that the total area of the country under opium poppy cultivation in 2020 increased by 37 per cent over the previous year, to the third-largest area ever measured, she underscored the need to enable more farmers to shift to viable, licit crops. The Government of Afghanistan and the country's donors should all devote greater resources, and increase operational capabilities, to disrupt drug trafficking. In addition, she highlighted a range of support being provided by UNODC in such areas as police reform and the mentoring, training and advisory services — all of which have become even more imperative in the context of departing international forces.
In the ensuing discussion, delegates exchanged their views on the impact of the departure of foreign troops on the peace process, while also expressing concern over an escalation in Taliban attacks and the deteriorating security and humanitarian situations. Some speakers stressed the need to ensure that the gains made in advancing the rights of women, children and minorities over the last 20 years are not lost. Delegates largely expressed support for UNAMA, but some outlined nuanced positions on the continuation of a United Nations presence in Afghanistan following the expiration of the Mission's mandate in September.
Mohammad Haneef Atmar, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Afghanistan, noting the aspiration for lasting peace of all Afghans weary of bloodshed, recalled that his country welcomed the United States-Taliban Agreement. The Government, despite not being party to that compact, released over 6,000 Taliban prisoners and engaged in good faith with the group as well as international partners. The Taliban, however, have not honored any of their obligations, failing to cut ties with international terrorism and reduce violence. Recent massacres of schoolchildren in the Logar province and in west Kabul, anti-landmine personnel in the north of the country and vaccinators in the east run counter to the Taliban's narrative of fighting the presence of foreign troops in Afghanistan. Now, the Taliban must explain to the world why they are killing their countrymen just as foreign troops are leaving.
Noting that the agreement recently signed in Doha obliged the Taliban to negotiate with the Government to reach a political settlement, he said the former have not engaged with the latter's plan for a ceasefire, power-sharing arrangements and early elections for nearly 10 months. The withdrawal of foreign troops will be completed shortly and, at that time, the international community "will unfortunately see for itself that the Taliban will not have met any of their obligations". Stressing that the February agreement and resolution 2513 (2020) must be respected, he called on the international community to pressure the Taliban into honoring their obligations, especially the establishment of a nationwide ceasefire to facilitate humanitarian aid delivery. He further urged the international community to establish a monitoring mechanism to verify the implementation of the agreement.
Eva-Maria Liimets, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Estonia and Council President for June, spoke in her national capacity, stressing that no further concessions to the Taliban should be made. In line with Council resolution 2513 (2020), an easing or lifting of sanctions will be considered when conditions are met. Extensions of the travel ban exemptions to certain members of the Taliban have had a clear purpose, which is to advance the peace process. Emphasizing that the Taliban must demonstrate a credible commitment to peace, she said the Council must help keep peace negotiations vigorous, which is the only way to reach an inclusive political settlement. An equally important task is ensuring that every woman and girl, every student, every member of civil society or a minority group knows that they can have a peaceful future in their home country. In the next few months, the Council must decide on the future role and presence of the United Nations in Afghanistan. To that end, she said, Estonia and Norway will be engaging with other Council members and partner organizations to discuss the best way to strengthen UNAMA's mandate. "Afghanistan today is at a crossroads, and Afghans themselves need to define its future," she said.
Simon Coveney, Minister for Foreign Affairs and Defense of Ireland, expressed concern over the lack of progress in Afghanistan's peace process, noting that the country is today the most dangerous in the world for civilians. Citing recent attacks against journalists, civil society actors, human rights defenders, humanitarian workers, minorities and schoolchildren, he stressed that the Taliban must respect Afghans' desire for peace, agree to a ceasefire and seriously engage in negotiations. Ireland and its partners in the European Union will only consider the easing of sanctions when genuine progress is demonstrated towards those ends. Such progress must include meaningful engagement by all Afghans — especially women — and protect women's human rights, he said, agreeing with other speakers that "women's rights cannot be the price of peace". He also urged the international community to respond to the rapidly deteriorating humanitarian situation in Afghanistan, where 14 million people are experiencing severe food insecurity.
Subrahmanyam Jaishankar, Minister for External Affairs of India, underlined the need for a genuine "double peace" — peace both within and around Afghanistan's borders. India has been supportive of all the efforts being made to accelerate the dialogue between the Afghan Government and the Taliban, including the intra-Afghan negotiations. However, for peace to last, terrorist safe havens and sanctuaries must be dismantled immediately and terrorist supply chains disrupted. There must be zero tolerance for terrorism, including in its cross-border manifestations. It is equally important to ensure that the territory of Afghanistan is not used by terrorist groups to threaten or attack any other country. India remains committed to steadfastly supporting Afghanistan during its transition. As a development partner, it carries out more than 550 community projects covering all 34 provinces, aimed at making Afghanistan a self-sustaining nation. India has also operationalized air freight corridors and the Chabahar Port to provide greater regional connectivity, he said.
The representative of the United States said that, although her country is withdrawing all its troops from Afghanistan "after 20 long years", its commitment to the nation's security and its people endures. Noting the many humanitarian challenges facing Afghanistan — including high food insecurity and a surge in COVID-19 cases — she said the United States is providing Kabul with more than $266 million in new humanitarian aid and encouraged other donors to support Afghans' immediate humanitarian needs. She also underscored the need to preserve the progress Afghan women and girls have made by protecting their rights and freedoms, and called on all those with influence over relevant parties to "step up now" to secure peace and stability in the region. It is in the international community's collective interest to prevent terrorists from basing themselves in Afghanistan, and organized criminals from trafficking drugs there. For its part, the United States is supporting Afghan farmers in creating sustainable alternatives to poppy cultivation. "The military path will not lead to legitimacy," she said of the Taliban's tactics, stressing that a negotiated, inclusive political settlement is the only way forward.
Audun Halvorsen, Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs of Norway, said the Afghan parties must own the peace process and recognize their responsibility in leading the way to peace. For its part, the international community must do more to demonstrate solidarity and support to the Afghan people. Targeted attacks, including those against humanitarian aid workers, media workers and human rights defenders, must be investigated and the perpetrators held to account. He urged the Government, United Nations agencies and donors to set up programmes for the reintegration of children detained for alleged association with armed groups. He also emphasized Norway's support for an inclusive Afghan peace process and urged the United Nations and UNAMA to ensure that Afghan women have dedicated seats at the negotiating table.
Tariq Ahmad, Minister for South Asia and the Commonwealth of the United Kingdom, expressed concern over the "desperately slow" progress on peace negotiations and over Afghans' continued suffering, resulting from debilitating violence and multiple humanitarian crises. Despite the withdrawal of North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) forces, the United Kingdom remains fully committed to the people of Afghanistan. Citing recent attacks on civilians, he said the Taliban is responsible for most of the violence across the country, adding that the group must cease such acts and respect all human rights if it wants to be a part of Afghanistan's future. He also stated that the direct involvement of women in the peace process "is not a choice, it is a must", and called on the Taliban to engage meaningfully in peace talks and work towards a political settlement that protects progress already achieved. "There can be no return to the intolerant and barbaric Islamic Emirate of the 1990s," he stressed.
The representative of China said Afghanistan's future should be in the hands of its people themselves, and no external forces should be allowed to pursue their narrow self-interests. Urging the relevant parties to seize a "hard-to-come-by" opportunity, he called for the warring sides to resume talks as soon as possible. Since May, the Council has issued three statements condemning security incidents and calling for a lasting ceasefire. Emphasizing that foreign troops cannot just come and go, he called for their orderly withdrawal in close consultation with the affected stakeholders. Progress in Afghanistan requires security guarantees. Noting that UNAMA's current mandate expires in September, he requested the Secretary-General to propose options for the future of the United Nations presence in the country, for the Council's early consideration. He added that, as a friendly neighbour, China has always supported Afghanistan's peace process.
The representative of Kenya condemned the use of terrorism, violence and intimidation to achieve political ends, insisting that those who apply those repulsive methods should not be legitimized through recognition as bona fide political players. As a country that has suffered in the hands of the Al-Qaida-affiliated Al-Shabaab terrorist group, Kenya identifies with the people of Afghanistan who bear the brunt of increasing terrorist attacks. Expressing grave concern that attacks by Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant-Khorasan Province increased to 88 compared to 16 during the same period last year, he said that the Council must take an urgent, unified and unyielding stand against these acts. Any review of the sanction measures imposed under Council resolution 1988 (2011) should also be in line with resolution 2513 (2020) and predicated on the Taliban demonstrating commitment to cease all forms of violence and targeted attacks. Any proposal to delist some of its members should only be considered on merit and on a case-by-case basis, he added.
The representative of Tunisia expressed hope that tangible progress will soon be made in negotiations between the Government and the Taliban, while also voicing concern over the continued violence for which the latter is largely responsible and the subsequent enabling of terrorist activity and drug trafficking. Calling for an immediate cessation of hostilities, he urged all parties to prevent civilian casualties, abide by international law and hold perpetrators accountable. The Taliban must end its attacks, honor its counterterrorism commitments and negotiate with the Government in good faith. He also underscored that any future peace agreement must include guarantees that protect and promote fundamental rights and freedoms in Afghanistan, particularly those of women, and said UNAMA will have an important role to play in promoting peace, development and fundamental rights going forward.
The representative of Mexico called on relevant parties to immediately resume dialogue, noting that peace talks — an important achievement for the process of reconciliation — depend in part on coordinated efforts by the international community. Just as Afghanistan's partners cannot understand the situation in Afghanistan without listening to women, he stressed that it cannot make progress towards peace without guaranteeing their full participation at the negotiating table. Afghanistan's democratic, inclusive and peaceful future must preserve socioeconomic gains for women, youth and minorities. Turning to the fragile security situation, he stressed that the withdrawal of international troops must be orderly, coordinated and conducted in such a way that does not negatively impact regional dynamics or the Afghan armed forces' ability to counter terrorism. He added that UNAMA must play an essential coordinating role in improving the humanitarian situation in the country, where almost half of the population requires assistance.
The representative of Viet Nam, stressing that the gains achieved so far on Afghanistan's political front must be preserved, called for urgent efforts to advance the intra-Afghan peace negotiations. A permanent ceasefire must be achieved as soon as possible to end the ongoing violence. Describing the high number of civilian casualties in the past months as unacceptable, he urged all relevant parties to fully respect international humanitarian law, immediately stop targeting civilians and civilian objects and ensure unhindered humanitarian access to those in need. The international community should continue to support the Government of Afghanistan in promoting socioeconomic development and reconstruction of the country. In addition, he advocated for strengthened efforts to combat the threats posed by terrorism, crime and drug trafficking, and to assist people with licit sustainable livelihoods.
The representative of France said the international community must reject and condemn violence, which has risen to an unacceptable level in Afghanistan, and called for a ceasefire in accordance with resolutions 2532 (2020) and 2565 (2021). The Afghan peace process requires a genuine commitment from all parties, he said, urging the Taliban to commit to negotiations. Noting that the committee overseeing the 1988 sanctions regime is considering extending exemptions to the travel ban to allow Taliban members to attend peace talks, he stressed that such a move is a concession to peace, not to the group itself. If the Taliban fails to live up to its commitments, it must accept the consequences. No compromise should be made on the values and principles of the United Nations. Expressing a concern over increased drug trafficking, he warned that such a trend will have serious consequences on peace in Afghanistan and across the wider region.
The representative of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, expressing deep concern over violence targeting women, media workers, activists, Government employees and health workers, called for earnest joint efforts to eliminate terrorism and extremism in Afghanistan and across the wider region. It is also high time to redouble efforts to resolve Afghanistan's drug control problem and its resulting ills, with a focus on combating illicit opium production and trafficking. The international community must respond urgently to limit the spread of COVID-19 in Afghanistan, where the pandemic is spiralling out of control. She also underlined the link between climate change and food insecurity, including the high likelihood that drought triggered by the weather pattern known as La Niña will exacerbate the situation.
The representative of the Russian Federation, noting UNAMA's important role in coordinating international assistance to Afghanistan, said the terrorist threat still present in the country continues to pose serious security challenges, worsened by the appearance of groups affiliated with ISIL/Da'esh. These terrorists maintain sleeper cells in the country's north and east and are building capacity to consolidate their influence in Afghanistan and spread attacks to the wider central Asian region. Pointing out that "Afghan narcotics remain a powerful driver of terrorism", she expressed disappointment over the relatively limited coverage of that topic in the Secretary-General's report. For its part, the Russian Federation will continue to train narcotics officers and provide additional support to Afghanistan, including through the Paris Pact Initiative. She also expressed regret over the stalled peace process, while noting that the Extended "Troika" — namely, China, Pakistan, the Russian Federation and the United States — has demonstrated its relevance and ability to lend additional momentum.
The representative of Niger said a stagnated peace process in concert with resurging violence has dampened the Afghan people's hope. All peace processes must protect the rights of women and young people, preserving what has been achieved over the last 20 years. Meanwhile, negotiations must also address post-conflict reconstruction, including issues of disarmament, demobilization, the reintegration of former combatants and security sector reform. Calling on the international community to urgently mobilize resources to address the humanitarian crisis in Afghanistan — where more than one third of the population faces food insecurity — he noted that while many Western nations are in the process of easing COVID-19 restrictions, the international community cannot escape that the pandemic continues to test the "already threadbare" health systems of developing countries such as Afghanistan, where barely over 1 per cent of the population has been vaccinated. He also called on the Council to account for climate-related security challenges when renewing UNAMA's mandate in September, which Niger supports.
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Bleiwäsche ist das südlichste Dorf im Kreis Paderborn in Nordrhein-Westfalen und gehört zur Stadt Bad Wünnenberg. Gleichzeitig ist es mit  das höchstgelegene Dorf im Regierungsbezirk Detmold.

Geographie
Während fast das ganze übrige Stadtgebiet von Bad Wünnenberg zur südlichen Paderborner Hochfläche gehört, liegt Bleiwäsche im Alme-Afte-Bergland und zählt landschaftlich daher bereits zum Sauerland.

Nachbarorte
Bleiwäsche grenzt an die Wünnenberger Stadtteile Bad Wünnenberg und Fürstenberg sowie an den Hochsauerlandkreis mit den Stadtteilen Madfeld und Alme der Stadt Brilon.

Geschichte

Bis zum 20. Jahrhundert
Auf Bleiverhüttung in der Region weisen Schlacken, römische Münzfunde und Bleibarren aus dem zweiten und dritten Jahrhundert in der Flur von Thiekopp hin.

Der Name Bleiwäsche gründet sich auf den von 1527 bis 1600 dort stattfindenden Abbau von Blei, welches vor Ort "gewaschen" wurde. Die erste urkundliche Erwähnung des Namens Bleywesche datiert auf 1540. Erwähnt wird auch eine in der Nähe gelegene Siedlung namens Thetbaldinghusen, die später wüst fiel. In der Urkunde von 1540 wurde auch Erzbergbau erwähnt, somit kann die Gründung des Ortes Bleiwäsche in der ersten Hälfte des 16. Jahrhunderts vermutet werden. Nach einiger Zeit wurde der Bergbau eingestellt, Gründe dafür sind nicht überliefert. Die Siedlung blieb allerdings bestehen.

Der Bischof Dietrich Adolf von der Recke beanspruchte 1654 das Dorf als Bestandteil einer Pfandschaft. Im 17. Jahrhundert schlossen sich die Einwohner an die Kirchengemeinde in Madfeld an. Die Fürstbischöfe von Paderborn und Münster trennten die Gemeinschaft 1713 und setzten für jeden Ort eine eigene Pfarrstelle und einen Pfarrer ein. Bleiwäsche erhielt die Erlaubnis zum Bau einer eigenen Kirche. Diese wurde von 1708 bis 1710 errichtet und 1711 vom Generalvikar Jodokus Friehoff unter dem Patrozinium der Hl. Agatha eingeweiht. Um den Unterhalt von Pfarrer und Kirche zu gewährleisten, ordnete der Fürstbischof Franz Arnold von Metternich die Abtrennung einiger Grundstücke von der Gemeinschaftshude an und wies diese der Kirche zu. Es waren insgesamt 26 Morgen Ackerland, ein Morgen Wiese, das Rote Land und ein Morgen Gartenland. Die Pfarrei erhielt 1719 vom Freiherrn Friedrich Wilhelm von Westphalen noch eine Wiese im Nettetal. Ein Schulhaus wurde im 18. Jahrhundert errichtet und danach immer wieder erweitert.

Die Gemeinde baute 1825 neben dem Kirchhof ein kleines Feuerwehrhaus, das 1846, wegen der Anschaffung einer Feuerspritze, erweitert wurde. Von 1844 ist eine Aufzeichnung des damaligen Pfarrers erhalten, in der er die Bevölkerung charakterisiert: Man ist ziemlich kalt und unempfindlich für das Gute, Schöne und Geistige. Während der Revolution im Jahr 1848 demolierten die Einwohner das Forsthaus und steckten es in Brand, da die alten Huderechte noch nicht abgefunden waren. Etliche Männer wurden später mit Gefängnisstrafen belegt. Ein neuer Friedhof wurde 1852 angelegt und mit einer Hecke umfriedet. Der Ort hatte 1858 insgesamt 653 Einwohner. Das Leben war durch raue Witterung, Unglücksfälle, Missernten und Brände geprägt. Einkommensquellen waren Viehzucht, Ackerbau, Herstellung von Pottasche sowie Handel. Die Bleigruben trugen nur wenig zum Einkommen bei. Sie wurden im 19. Jahrhundert nur sporadisch betrieben. Es gab eine Fabrik zur Herstellung irdener Pfeifen, die aber nur wenige Arbeitsplätze bot. Ein Ofen zur Ziegel- und Kalkbrennerei wurde 1831 in Betrieb genommen, und 1847 baute die Gemeinde eine Ziegelei. Eine neue zweiklassige Schule wurde 1891 gebaut. Die alte Agathakirche war zu klein und auch baufällig geworden. Sie wurde durch einen Neubau ersetzt, dessen Grundstein im April 1897 gelegt wurde. Der Bau wurde im Herbst 1898 mit der Fertigstellung des Turmes beendet und 1901 durch den Weihbischof Gockel konsekriert.

Seit dem 20. Jahrhundert
Im Staatsforstdistrikt 13 wurde zu Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts eine Wassergewinnungsanlage in Betrieb genommen und der Ort wurde bis 1904 an das zentrale Wasserversorgungsnetz angeschlossen. Allerdings lieferte die Leitung in den Sommermonaten der ersten Jahre kaum Wasser. Um Abhilfe zu schaffen, wurde die Quelle im Plessen neu eingefasst und der Wassersammelstollen wurde um 75 Meter verlängert. In der ersten Dekade des 20. Jahrhunderts wurde eine Erweiterung des Friedhofes notwendig, ein etwa zwei Meter breiter Streifen an der Ostseite wurde 1902 nicht kirchlich geweiht, um hier Gräber für Andersgläubige und Ungetaufte anlegen zu können. Im Ersten Weltkrieg wurden auch Bleiwäscher Männer eingezogen, deren Arbeitskraft fehlte. Es wurden einige Kriegsgefangene zur Arbeit verpflichtet. In den Kriegsjahren wurde ein großer Teil der angebauten Nahrung und des Viehs beschlagnahmt und zur Versorgung des Ruhrgebietes verwendet. Auch Futtermittel wurden mehrfach eingezogen.

Nach dem Kriegsende normalisierte sich das Leben der Bevölkerung langsam. Im Juni 1919 wurde mit der Elektrifizierung des Dorfes begonnen. Sie war bis 1920 abgeschlossen. 1920 wurde im Kirchturm eine durch Spenden finanzierte Uhr installiert. Die Sauerländer Schwerspat-Werke und die Firma Giebeler aus Siegen begannen 1920 mit dem Abbau von Schwerspat, 1921 waren dort etwa 20 Arbeiter beschäftigt. In den 1920er Jahren setzte eine rege Bautätigkeit sowohl bei privaten, als auch Gemeindegebäuden ein. So wurden die Schützenhalle vergrößert und das Pfarrhaus erneuert. Das alte Schulgebäude wurde aufgestockt, um einem Lehrer Wohnmöglichkeit zu geben. Um den immer wieder in den Sommermonaten herrschenden Wassermangel zu beheben, wurde eine Pumpanlage errichtet. Nach einer Lebensmitteluntersuchung im Mai 1921 wurde wegen schlechter Wasserqualität keine Anschlussgenehmigung erteilt. Bis 1932 wurde ein Pumpwerk errichtet und eine Leitung zum Hochbehälter gelegt.

In der Gemeinde waren im Januar 1931 54 Arbeitslose gemeldet. Im Dezember 1933, nach der Machtübernahme durch Adolf Hitler, gab es bis auf wenige Ausnahmen, keine Arbeitslosen mehr. Bei den Wahlen in den Jahren 1936 und 1938 gaben 99,9 % der Wahlberechtigten ihre Stimme der NSDAP. Der damalige Bürgermeister Joh. Wiggen trat 1934 von seinem Amt zurück, da er sich gewissen neuen Strömungen in Führung und Verwaltung nicht beugen wollte. Bleiwäsche blieb während des Zweiten Weltkrieges von direkten Folgen verschont, einige britische Flugzeuge überflogen den Ort, richteten aber keinen Schaden an. Die Bevölkerung hatte einen großen Teil der Nahrung und Ernten abzugeben, außerdem wurden nach und nach etliche Pferde für den Kriegseinsatz gemustert. Zwei Kirchenglocken wurden 1942 beschlagnahmt und eingeschmolzen. Ab 1943 wurden der Gemeinde mehrfach bis zu 200 aus dem Ruhrgebiet evakuierte Menschen zur Unterbringung zugewiesen, gelegentlich wurden auch Soldaten einquartiert. Am 3. April 1945 rückte Amerikanische Infanterie in den Ort ein und der Krieg war für den Ort beendet.

Zu nennenswerten Plünderungen und Belästigungen während der kurzen Besatzungszeit kam es nicht. Zu einem Problem wurden die aus der Kriegsgefangenschaft entlassenen russischen, polnischen und italienischen Soldaten. Sie plünderten einzelne Häuser aus, beraubten Einzelpersonen und schlachteten auf den Weiden Rinder ab. Die ausländischen Soldaten kehrten innerhalb von einigen Wochen in ihre Heimat zurück. Ab Ende Oktober 1945 wurde der Schulunterricht wieder aufgenommen. Ein erstes Schützenfest wurde 1946 gefeiert, da Schusswaffen nicht erlaubt waren, wurde der Vogel mit Knüppeln abgeworfen. Ab Juli 1946 musste die Gemeinde 105 Heimatvertriebene aufnehmen und unterbringen. Die Gemeinde erwarb Land und stellte es den bauwilligen Neubürgern als Siedlungsland zur Verfügung. Seit 1952 war die Wohnungsnot behoben. 1967 herrschte wieder Wohnungsknappheit, die Gemeinde stellte 5,5 Morgen Bauland zur Verfügung, auf dem danach 28 Häuser gebaut wurden. Eine Erweiterung der Volksschule erfolgte 1957, es wurden eine Pausenhalle und ein Gruppenraum angefügt, die Gemeinde errichtete 1969 ein neues Schulgebäude. Auf dem Friedhof wurde von 1964 bis 1965 eine neue Leichenhalle errichtet.

Im Jahr 1969 wurde nach Plänen des Architekten Geining aus Winterberg, ein Kultur- und Sportzentrum mit Gemeindehalle und Sportanlagen errichtet. Die Fertigstellung des Sportplatzes dauerte bis 1970. In den 1960er Jahren bekam der Ort ein verbessertes Straßennetz mit Einrichtung einer Straßenbeleuchtung. Ein großer Teil der bisher wassergebunden Straßenoberflächen erhielten eine Teerdecke. Etliche Straßen wurden erweitert und begradigt. Die Kleinkläranlage in der Schwelge musste wegen völliger Überlastung durch ein modernes Klärwerk ersetzt werden.

Die zum südlichen Paderborner Land zugehörigen Kommunen und die AGENDA 21 NRW erstellten im November 2009 ein gemeinsames Konzept, mit dem Ziel ein gemeinsames kommunales Flächenmanagement zu optimieren.

Eingemeindung
Vor dem 1. Januar 1975 gehörte die damalige Gemeinde Bleiwäsche zum Amt Wünnenberg im Kreis Büren. Mit dem Inkrafttreten des Sauerland/Paderborn-Gesetzes an diesem Tage wurden die vier Gemeinden Bleiwäsche, Fürstenberg, Leiberg und Wünnenberg des Amtes Wünnenberg mit den drei Gemeinden Elisenhof, Haaren und Helmern des Amtes Atteln zur neuen Stadt Wünnenberg zusammengelegt und kamen mit dieser zum Kreis Paderborn. Rechtsnachfolgerin des Amtes Wünnenberg und der Gemeinde Bleiwäsche wurde die neue Stadt Wünnenberg, die heute den Namen Bad Wünnenberg trägt.

Einwohnerentwicklung

Politik

Wahlen zum Stadtrat
Bei den letzten Kommunalwahlen 2009 wählten die Wähler in Bleiwäsche bei der Wahl zum Stadtrat wie folgt:
 42,84 % CDU
 45,22 % SPD
 12,31 % FDP

Wappen

Die damalige Gemeinde Bleiwäsche erhielt vom Innenminister des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen am 6. April 1966 die Erlaubnis, das folgende Wappen zu führen:

Beschreibung:
In Silber (Weiß) das blaue alchimistische Symbol für Blei unter grünem Schildhaupt, darin zwischen zwei aufrechten Eichblättern eine aufrechte Ähre, alle gold (gelb).

Bedeutung:
Das alchimistische Symbol für Blei symbolisiert den in früheren Jahrhunderten stattfindenden Erzbergbau, insbesondere von Blei, dem der Ort seinen Namen zu verdanken hat.
Das Schildhaupt steht für die überwiegenden Waldflächen und die Landwirtschaft in der Gemarkung von Bleiwäsche.

Kultur und Sehenswürdigkeiten
Momentan hat Bleiwäsche etwa 900 Einwohner, die Marke von 1000 wurde noch nie überschritten. Das Vereinsleben besteht hauptsächlich aus dem Heimatschutzverein, dem Sportverein SV-Rot-Weiß Bleiwäsche, dem Verkehrsverein, dem Angelverein und dem Musikverein. Weiterhin gibt es die Jugendkunstschule Bleiwäsche, die katholische Landjugendbewegung Bleiwäsche und einen gerade gegründeten Gesangsverein. Erwähnenswert sind weiterhin der bei Mineraliensammlern beliebte Steinbruch Düstertal sowie das ehemalige Landhotel Waldwinkel – heute Schlosshotel Sophia, welches mit seinen drei Giebeln schon von weitem sichtbar ist. In den Wäldern rund um den Ort kann man, in Form von Pingen, noch heute die Spuren des früheren Erzabbaus sehen. Um dies zu verdeutlichen wurde 2011 die Bergbauroute in Bleiwäsche eröffnet. Der thematische Rundweg ist drei Kilometer lang und versteht sich als Ergänzung zur 240 Kilometer langen Sauerland-Waldroute. Etliche Informationstafeln bieten einen Überblick zum historischen Bergbau, der Entstehung der Landschaft und den gefundenen Fossilien und Mineralien. Von neu gestalteten Plattformen kann der Steinbruch Düstertal und dessen Arbeit beobachtet werden.

Im Dorf befindet sich die römisch-katholische Pfarrkirche St. Agatha. Sie wurde 1897 errichtet.

Wirtschaft und Infrastruktur

Steinbruch

Die Briloner Hochfläche ist ein devonisches Karstgebiet. Sie gehört zum Rheinischen Schiefergebirge und ist durch Trockentälern und Dolinen gekennzeichnet. Der Untergrund des Gesteins ist aus Riffcarbonaten bestehender, Briloner Massenkalk. Der Abbau erfolgt im Düstertal, in der Nähe von Bleiwäsche. Es wird ein sehr reiner Kalkstein abgebaut. Schon sehr früh wurden in diesem Gebiet Bleierze abgebaut, aus diesem Abbau sind einige Stollen und auch ausgedehnte Pingenzüge erhalten. Hauptsächlich findet sich das Bleierz in Karstschlotten. Sie sind mit sehr zähem Letten gefüllt. Im Mittelalter wurden auf der Suche nach solchen Schlotten etliche Schächte abgeteuft. Die Schlotte wurden nicht regelmäßig angefahren, lieferten allerdings bei Erfolg Bleierz in großen Mengen. Das Bleierz wurde zur Weiterverarbeitung nach Meggen verbracht, dabei wurden auch Cerussit und in Negativformen ausgelöster Calcit- und Skalenoeder nachgewiesen. Die Teile werden auch als Perimorphose bezeichnet, das Erz steht in Vergesellschaftung mit Kupfererzen. Das Bleierz wurde mit Lastwagen nach Meggen gefahren, wobei Erzbrocken mit einem Gewicht von mehreren hundert Kilogramm vorkamen. Die Würfel hatten eine Kantenlänge von bis zu 20 cm. Zwei ineinander verbundene Würfel, deren Kantenlänge über 15 cm betrug, wurden 2006 ergraben. Diese Fundstücke wurden als Perimorphose bezeichnet, es handelt sich um eine Vergesellschaftung von Bleierz mit Kupfererzen. Als die Grube Meggen noch in Betrieb war, wurde das Bleierz regelmäßig per LKW nach Meggen transportiert. Erzbrocken von mehreren Zentnern Gewicht waren keine Seltenheit. Die Würfel kamen mit bis zu 20 cm Kantenlänge vor. 2006 wurde eine Stufe bestehend aus zwei ineinander verwachsener Würfeln mit einer Kantenlängen von über 15 cm gefunden. Oft sind die Aggregate, unregelmäßig strukturiert, zerfressen. In den Zwickeln dieser Strukturen findet sich nicht selten Cerussit. Zudem sind häufig Negativformen ausgelöster Calcit-Skalenoeder in den Erzstücken. Diese Stücke können als Perimorphose bezeichnet werden. Vergesellschaftet ist das Bleierz mit Kupfererzen.

Bei den Vortriebsarbeiten des Steinbruches wurde 1987 ein Höhlensystem angefahren. Die Entdeckung führte zu dem wohl größten deutschen Forschungsprojekt zu einer Höhle. Bedingt durch Grünfärbungen der Sinter, hervorgerufen durch Kupfererze, erhielt die Höhle den Namen "Malachitdom". Da die Höhle sehr schnell als schützenswertes Bodendenkmal anerkannt wurde, musste der Betreiber in diesem Bereich den Abbau einstellen.

Die Zentralhalle der Höhle ist eine der größten freitragenden Höhlenräume in Nordrhein-Westfalen. In der Höhle sieht man stellenweise Bleierze in Letten. Die Besonderheit ist aber die genannte Färbung der Sinterbildungen. Führungen finden nur selten statt, da der Zugang im Einstiegsbereich beschwerlich über eine Leiter erfolgt. Ein Abbau findet schon seit etlichen Jahren nicht mehr statt.

Wirtschaft

 Die Windfang Windpark Madfeld-Bleiwäsche GmbH & Co. KG betreibt acht Anlagen mit einer Gesamtleistung von 10,2 MW (sechs Tacke 1.5s-1.500 kW und zwei Südwind S46-600 kW).

Verkehr
Bleiwäsche liegt an der Landesstraße L 956 zwischen Bad Wünnenberg und Madfeld (Stadt Brilon).

Ca. zwei Kilometer südlich von Bleiwäsche befand sich bis 1992 die Masterstation der deutschen DECCA-Kette.

Vereine
 Heimatschutzverein Bleiwäsche e. V.
 Musikverein Bleiwäsche e. V.
 Chorios Bleiwäsche
 Angelsportverein 1976 e. V. Bleiwäsche
 Sportverein SV Rot-Weiß Bleiwäsche 1927 e.V.

Literatur
 Karl Heinrich Kaufhold: Stadt und Bergbau. Verlag Böhlau, 2004, ISBN 3-412-12204-1, S. 43 f.
 Verschiedene Autoren Heimatbuch der Stadt Wünnenberg. HrsG Stadt Wünnenberg, 1987, Gesamtherstellung Paderborner Druckzentrum

Weblinks

 Internetauftritt Bleiwäsche
 Bleiwäsche auf den Seiten des LWL
 Mineralienatlas – Geschichte des Steinbruchs
 Bergbauroute

Einzelnachweise

Ortsteil von Bad Wünnenberg
Ehemalige Gemeinde (Kreis Paderborn)
Gemeindeauflösung 1975

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Blockchain and Law
Faizan Shaikh
User Engagement Analyst
Blockchain is an emerging technology hitting the headlines. 'Bitcoin', commonly seen as the first 'Internet currency', is perhaps the most well-known and prolific innovation built on blockchain technology. It even hit headlines recently for reaching record value per coin, something speculators could not have foreseen just a few months ago. But what exactly is the blockchain and why is its impact on law so important? Join us this month as we take a high level look at the potential of law transactions and new areas of knowledge in the near future.
What is the "blockchain"?
Simply put, a blockchain is a method which can be used to record data, akin to a database or a ledger, where we can keep a record of transactions, contracts or indeed anything that needs to be recorded as having 'occurred'. What makes it unique from your run of the mill database though, is that the information (the record of transactions) is not stored in one place or one organisation's servers... It's distributed across thousands of computers all over the planet.
When thought of in terms of a 'cryptocurrency' (e.g. bitcoin) this means that there is a record of what you have transferred to and from your personal 'wallet' address, which is secured in a decentralised way across the public blockchain (on every computer running the bitcoin client). This in turn means you are not beholden to any centralised and bureaucratic authority (i.e. a bank) for a record or transfer of your money. You are more in control, you have more anonymity and you can pay for things faster.
The word "blockchain" comes from the way a current 'block' (the current part of a series of blocks chained together in linear chronological order) records all of the recent transactions and then joins onto the rest of the blocks in a linear "chain", connected by a timestamp and link to the previous blocks.
This in itself is a disruptive technology that's going to need to be closely regulated by the law, but there's more...
What are the implications of this?
One could assume the blockchain is just a glorified database, and you wouldn't be 'wrong' per se, but the impact is in many dimensions. Recently the Harvard business review affirmed the potential of blockchain to increase the validity and security of data, while at the same time cutting the time and financial costs of the centralised bureaucracies that govern many of our social and financial transactions.
"With blockchain, we can imagine a world in which contracts are embedded in digital code and stored in transparent, shared databases, where they are protected from deletion, tampering, and revision. In this world every agreement, every process, every task, and every payment would have a digital record and signature that could be identified, validated, stored, and shared. Intermediaries like lawyers, brokers, and bankers might no longer be necessary. Individuals, organizations, machines, and algorithms would freely transact and interact with one another with little friction. This is the immense potential of blockchain."
-Harvard Business Review, January 2017
Though it sounds like a science fiction, it's worth remembering that cars that drive themselves and virtual reality headsets actually exist right now. Like...right now. A major paradigm shift— like blockchain— is therefore reminiscent of when the Internet became a 'thing' in the mid 1990's.
Smart Contracts and Disruption in Law
ClearPeople have a trusted pedigree in providing digital workspace and knowledge solutions to the legal sector and we understand the significant changes IT systems face in the industry today. We see blockchain technology promise to be a massive disruptor especially so in the legal sector since happens to be naturally interwoven in the daily interactions of people and businesses. Be it government or finance, lawyers will most likely be involved.
Relationship with Clients and becoming Knowledge Centers
Just as blockchain threatens the work of law professionals, so too does it present an opportunity for lawyers to pivot themselves into a more strategic position with their existing clients. Blockchain is a foundational technology, meaning it's still in it's early days. There exist at this point in time an enormous amount of regulation and legal restraints that are "unknown" to the evangelist looking to leverage blockchain technology in their organisation and this is where lawyers should seek to become knowledge advisors in this new landscape.
Just as IT professionals will provide the technical know how of how to use the technology within the company, lawyers must contextualise this use in the external, regulated environment. For instance, it is well and good if a government uses blockchain technology to prove deed/property ownership but knowing their constraints and limitations from a legal perspective is not something that a programmer can account for.
Smart Contracts can be seen as automation of an agreement coming to fruition (a very simple example being "if X occurs, do Y"), effectively reducing the interaction of law professionals and firms in the fulfilling of contracts.
They are another place where lawyers are both excluded from the transaction and at the same time very much needed. In a world where we have an "Internet of things", decentralized gadgets and artificial intelligence/ machine learning, the smart contract becomes an inevitability in operating and holding parties to account. To use a common example, through a smart contract a person could rent an apartment at their holiday destination, pay and agree to the terms and time of your stay (the "contract") and finally execute it through sensors in the room which know exactly how long you stayed and when to lock the apartment after you've left.
Smart contracts require the know-how of veteran lawyers well versed in the constructs of law and software developers/programmers who are able to translate those constructs into actionable code. While smart contracts exist today, the lawyers role will likely pivot from writing such contracts to actually help building them as computer applications in the new blockchain era of smart contracts.
Blockchain promises to be something that sticks around for a while and will redefine a lot of the ways people work as well as the work they do.
Today we briefly covered how it could affect the legal sector but the truth is that it will most likely change the way a lot of industries 'work'. As already mentioned at the beginning of the article the financial industry is perhaps the most ready to be upset with decentralised currencies just being one of the avenues through which this will happen but there's also rights management for music, property/deed ownership records held by governments...to paraphrase Captain Kirk, the future of blockchain truly is an undiscovered country.
We'll be keeping a close eye on the technology as it matures, but in the meantime get in touch to talk with us more on our expertise with the legal sector.
Faizan is a User Engagement Analyst

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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🛣 Headlines About California Highways – February 2019
Posted on Thursday, February 28, 2019 Authorcahwyguy
Another month has passed; we're now one-sixth into the year. Out in California, it has been a month of snow — not only in the Sierras or the ski areas, but even in the low-lands. The snow level dropped as low as 1000′, and there was snow in Malibu, Calabasas, Granada Hills, Porter Ranch, Pasadena, and even in Orange County. Needless to say, combined with one of the rainiest months of February in a while, the roads have taken a beating. Here are your headlines for February:
I-5 to go to six lanes Anderson to Redding.Caltrans District 2 announced Thursday the construction of the Redding to Anderson Six Lane Project on Interstate 5 in Shasta County.The project will add an additional northbound lane and southbound lane on I-5 for 7.5 miles from the Route 273 and I-5 separation just south of the outlet mall in Anderson to just south of the Bonnyview and Churn Creek Road interchange near Redding, making it a continuous six-lane facility, according to a press release issued Thursday by Caltrans.
Romero and Toro Canyon Bridges Now Open Following Debris Flow. Caltrans has re-opened the Romero Canyon Creek Bridge (PM 10.92) and the Toro Canyon Creek Bridge (PM 12.49) on State Route 192 as of today, Wednesday, Jan. 30 at 3 pm. These bridges were rebuilt following damage caused by the debris flows and flooding in January 2018. Motorists will encounter protective barrier on these bridges until the bridge rails have been installed. Motorists should drive safely in these areas.Caltrans is working with the contractor, Security Paving of Sylmar on this $20 million project to restore full access to all five bridges within this corridor and is striving to complete most of these projects in early 2019, weather permitting.
February 1: This Date in Los Angeles Transportation History. 1936: A new 400-foot tunnel under Colorado and Ocean Avenues in Santa Monica is dedicated and opened.
Part of Highway 154 washed away in storm; roadway closed indefinitely. A portion of Highway 154 near Cachuma Lake was destroyed during the weekend storm, closing off the roadway from Santa Barbara to the junction with Highway 246 for the foreseeable future. Highway 154 east of Cachuma Lake will be closed indefinitely because of damage created by this weekend's storm. Water and debris from the Whittier fire have created another lake, and officials worry about stability of the roadway.
Storm-Related Road Repairs, Debris Removal Continue in Southern Santa Barbara County. Work continued on road repairs and clearing debris basins on Monday after a series of storms dropped heavy rainfall on Santa Barbara County.Highway 154 remained closed between Highway 192 in Santa Barbara and the Highway 246 roundabout due to water and debris on the roadway near Lake Cachuma.
Don't expect the vines on the 22 Freeway's walls to get trimmed any time soon. Q. I'm writing to you about some of the walls along the 22 Freeway, especially west of Knott Street – they are letting vines grow and almost completely cover the sections of the wall with the oranges design on them. Is there any plan to take care of this?
Highway 49 Gap Closure Project. The Highway 49 Gap Closure Project will close the gaps between sidewalks in the approximately 4.4-mile Highway 49 corridor between Interstate 80 and Dry Creek Road, creating a continuous sidewalk on at least one side of the highway.This project is just one of several on-going efforts to improve Highway 49 by constructing sidewalks, bike lanes, and operational improvements.
SF's 'foolish freeway': The battle to tear down the Embarcadero Freeway. Sixty years ago this week, officials opened the Embarcadero Freeway. While never beloved — The Chronicle's editorial board called for the "foolish freeway" to be demolished only six months in — it would take a 6.9-magnitude earthquake, and a concerted civic effort, to finally seal its fate.
$1.5-Billion Gerold Desmond Bridge Replacement Rises at Port of Long Beach.High above the Port of Long Beach, two tower cranes are busy assembling the new Gerold Desmond Bridge. The existing bridge, built in the 1960s, was not designed to accommodate the larger cargo ships seen today. The $1.5-billion replacement, set for completion in 2019, will accommodate larger ships by providing 205 feet of clearance above the water, as well as three travel lanes in each direction and a bicycle and pedestrian path with multiple scenic overlooks.
Caltrans Announces $54.8 Million in Transportation Improvements throughout California. Caltrans announced Wednesday the California Transportation Commission allocated $54.8 million for 46 projects throughout California including $31.1 million for fix-it-first projects funded by Senate Bill 1 (SB 1), the Road Repair and Accountability Act of 2017. This funding will allow Caltrans to repair or replace 16 bridges, 168 lane miles and 150 drainage systems statewide. In addition, 248 congestion reducing elements will be installed, including highway message signs, cameras and loop detectors to improve traffic flow. [Ventura and Los Angeles] Area projects allocated SB 1 funds include: …
Apple Valley's HWY 18/Apple Valley Road intersection project proves 'complex'. Town Council action has restarted a decade-old road construction project at the intersection of Highway 18 and Apple Valley Road. Council members approved a contract amendment on Jan. 22 for pre-construction work related to an overhaul of the intersection. The $491,366 amendment represents a not-to-exceed amount paid to Dokken Engineering for environmental and design services.
Caltrans postpones Moraga permanent bridge project. A backlog of work at Caltrans has postponed until 2020 the start of construction of a permanent, two-lane Canyon Road Bridge, according to Moraga officials. Meanwhile, a temporary, one-way span, which opened in November 2017, will continue to link the communities of Moraga and Canyon. The temporary structure was built after heavy rains closed the road over Moraga Creek in April 2017. The rains caused the land underneath the 80-year-old, two-lane bridge to become unstable, which affected the bridge supports, making it unsafe.
State, area highways to get improvements funded by gas tax increase. A recent increase in gas taxes and vehicle fees will fund a new package of improvements for highways across California including some in San Mateo and Monterey counties, Caltrans announced this week. The state's department of transportation announced that $54.8 million in funds approved by the California Transportation Commission will be used for 46 highway projects in California.
Caltrans Says SB 1 Funding will Pay for Pavement Preservation Project on Highway 49 North in Mariposa County. Caltrans announced on Wednesday the California Transportation Commission allocated $54.8 million for 46 projects throughout California including $31.1 million for fix-it-first projects funded by Senate Bill 1 (SB 1), the Road Repair and Accountability Act of 2017. This funding will allow Caltrans to repair or replace 16 bridges, 168 lane miles and 150 drainage systems statewide. In addition, 248 congestion reducing elements will be installed, including highway message signs, cameras and loop detectors to improve traffic flow. [Mariposa County] Area projects allocated SB 1 funds include: …
Major San Francisco Bay bridge closed after pieces of concrete fall onto roadway. The Richmond-San Rafael Bridge over San Francisco Bay was shut down in both directions Thursday after football-sized chunks of concrete fell from the upper deck of the bridge onto the lower deck, authorities said. A driver called 911 around 10:30 a.m. to report that pieces of concrete had struck a car, California Highway Patrol Officer Andrew Barclay said. The driver said the vehicle was damaged, but the traveler was on the way to the airport and kept on driving, Barclay said.
$54.8 Million in Transportation Improvements announced. Caltrans announced Tuesday that the California Transportation Commission allocated $54.8 million for 46 projects throughout California including $31.1 million for fix-it-first projects funded by Senate Bill 1 (SB 1), the Road Repair and Accountability Act of 2017. This funding will allow Caltrans to repair or replace 16 bridges, 168 lane miles and 150 drainage systems statewide. In addition, 248 congestion reducing elements will be installed, including highway message signs, cameras and loop detectors to improve traffic flow. [Lake County] area projects allocated SB 1 funds include: …
Rockslide, debris shut down Highway 39 above Azusa. A rockslide along with dirt and debris have shut down Highway 39 in the Angeles National Forest near Azusa Tuesday, according to Caltrans. The slide was reported just before 11:30 a.m. Tuesday, Feb. 5, at East Fork Road. A photo shared by Caltrans shows dirt, rocks and debris across both sides of the road blocking the roadway to traffic. Although authorities did not say whether the slide was rain related, Caltrans did post several storm-related road closures on social media, including Highway 23 from Pacific Coast Highway to upper Mulholland Highway near Agoura Hills due to a rock and mudslide first reported Monday. Other closures were in Ventura County and near Ojai.
Pavement rehab funds approved for SR-1 project. Caltrans on Wednesday announced the approval of $54.8 million in road repair funds for 46 projects throughout the state, including $31.1 million funded by the Senate Bill 1, which passed in 2017 and increased the gas tax and vehicle fees. Included in the funding package is $1.08 million allocated for a $15.3 million pavement preservation project that aims to improve 21.2 lane miles of State Route 1 from the San Mateo/Santa Cruz County line to south of Bean Hollow Road in Pescadero, according to Caltrans. The project's start of construction was listed in a Caltrans document last fall as April 2020, with the expectation it would take about a year to complete.
I-5 Central County Improvements Project: Construction Coming Soon. OCTA and Caltrans are kicking off construction of the I-5 Central County Improvement Project, which will add a second carpool lane in each direction on I-5 between SR-55 and SR-57. Traffic on that stretch of I-5 is expected to climb to more than 400,000 vehicles a day by 2035, a seven percent increase from today's traffic volume. This two-year project will reduce existing and future traffic congestion and travel time, as well as improve overall traffic operations.
91 Highway Corridor Project Update – Dec 2018. RCTC is applying for a $75 million federal grant to help improve travel along the 91 through three separate projects. Commissioners are traveling to Washington, D.C. this week to seek congressional support for the grant application, which is due March 4. The "91 Workforce to Workplace Vitality Network" application seeks funds from the federal Infrastructure for Rebuilding America (INFRA) grant program administered by the U.S. Department of Transportation.
McGuire, Wood, Huffman and Caltrans request $40 million for Last Chance Grade. For decades, the residents of Del Norte and Humboldt Counties have been in search of a permanent fix for Highway 101's Last Chance Grade as it continues to slide into the Pacific. The Last Chance Grade is the lifeblood of Del Norte County's economy and a catastrophic failure would have a $1-1.5 billion negative impact on the regional economy.
Caltrans to request $40M for Last Chance Grade EIR. A partnership including Congressman Jared Huffman, North Coast state Sen. Mike McGuire and Assemblymember Jim Wood announced on Thursday that Caltrans will request the final $40 million needed to complete the Last Chance Grade environmental impact report, according to a state Legislature news release. Caltrans plans for the request to be on the California Transportation Commission's March agenda. The $40 million would cover the costs for all of the necessary environmental work.
Map: Foster City bars left turns to deter commute detours. Foster City is prohibiting left turns during the evening rush hour at two key intersections during a pilot program beginning Monday, Feb. 11. The three-month trial approved in December by the city council bars left turns and U-turns from eastbound Hillsdale Boulevard at Edgewater Boulevard or Shell Boulevard, from 4 to 7 p.m. weekdays.
August inspection failed to identify cracked concrete on Richmond-San Rafael Bridge. An inspection last August failed to identify any obvious problem with cracking in the concrete near a 1950's-era steel joint on the Richmond-San Rafael Bridge, officials said Friday. Chunks of concrete falling from the bridge Thursday caused some drivers to panic, as pieces as large as footballs fell from the bottom of the upper deck onto the lower deck below, leaving behind a six-foot-long by seven-inch triangular cavity.
Major fixes for addressing traffic, sea level rise on Highway 37 identified. Imagine driving along a four-lane elevated causeway above the brackish San Pablo Bay, shaving more than an hour off the normal Highway 37 commute. Transportation planners have for years envisioned remaking the 20-mile route from Novato to Vallejo into the North Bay's most important east-west corridor. Now, they are ready to act. Officials in Marin, Sonoma, Napa and Solano counties have been meeting for several years, pondering solutions to Highway 37's notorious bottlenecks, where 45,000 cars per day stretch the normal 20-minute commute to as much as 100 minutes. They have also acknowledged that traffic improvements will be irrelevant without addressing sea level rise — without action, the highway will be underwater in 30 years.
SCVNews.com | Feb. 13: Hearing on Caltrans I-5 Freight Corridor Project. The California Department of Transportation will hold a public hearing Wednesday, Feb. 13, to provide information and receive public comments about a proposed Caltrans Freight Corridor Improvement Project on Interstate 5 in Los Angeles County. The proposed project involves improvements at bridges on I-5 from State Route 134 (Ventura Freeway) in Glendale to Templin Highway north of the Santa Clarita Valley in northern LA County.
Imagine Mission Street without Highway 1 | Mark Primack (h/t Anneliese Ågren). If you live here, you may have noticed that you don't have much of a voice in the matters that affect you the most, the ones that hit you where you live. Once, apropos of practically nothing, a veteran city councilmember (and university instructor) took time from a busy council agenda to share a cautionary tale. Apparently, early UCSC planners wanted to re-route Highway 1 up through Pogonip, across the future campus and down through Wilder Ranch to meet up with the coast road west of town. He was incredulous at such dimwitted hubris. "Can you imagine that?" he asked us, and repeated himself for good measure. "Can you imagine?" Since that's what I do for a living, I gave it a try.
CTC Allocations for February 2019 (CT News Release). – Caltrans announced today the California Transportation Commission allocated $54.8 million for 46 projects throughout California including $31.1 million for fix-it-first projects funded by Senate Bill 1 (SB 1), the Road Repair and Accountability Act of 2017. This funding will allow Caltrans to repair or replace 16 bridges, 168 lane miles and 150 drainage systems statewide. In addition, 248 congestion reducing elements will be installed, including highway message signs, cameras and loop detectors to improve traffic flow. [San Bernardino County] Area project allocated SB 1 funds: …
Rainy weather delays permanent repairs to Richmond-San Rafael Bridge until next week. Permanent repairs to the Richmond-San Rafael Bridge after falling concrete closed the key North Bay commuter artery for hours Thursday were postponed until next week due to rain in the weather forecast. Caltrans engineers made emergency fixes to an expandable joint on the bridge's upper westbound deck to reopen all lanes Thursday evening. They decided overnight Saturday to swap out a temporary metal plate acting as a patch with a larger one to make for a smoother ride over the tolled east-west connector.
Caltrans aims to fix State Route 25 again, with a $9.5 million price tag. Caltrans is gearing up to repair a rerouted portion of State Route 25 that collapsed in 2016. The agency expects the new work to be completed by the end of 2022. The State Route 25 Curve Restoration Project has an estimated cost of $9.5 million and is funded through the State Highway Operations and Protection Program.
Managed Lanes deal almost finalized. After months of discussion, a split vote, meetings and more meetings, the owner and operator arrangement for the Managed Lanes project is all but set in stone. Ownership of the tolled express lane facility coming to Highway 101 in San Mateo County will likely belong to both the San Mateo County Transportation Authority and City/County Association of Governments, and those agencies will likely contract with the Bay Area Infrastructure Financing Authority to operate the facility.
Demolition of the Belle Terrace Overcrossing at State Route 99. Image of press release.
Monterey Road History. Monterey Road began as a stage coach route in the 1850s, which connected San Jose to Monterey. The towns of Morgan Hill and Gilroy grew up as stage stops along the route. The road includes portions of the historic El Camino Real (Royal Road) which was a 600 mile road that once connected California's twenty-one Spanish missions.
Repairs to begin on roadways to Idyllwild after heavy rains; 2 deaths tied to storm. Repairs are expected to begin Saturday, Feb. 16, on mountain highways in the Inland Empire so damaged by runoff from the deadly Valentine's Day storm many were shut down. That means sledders and snow enthusiasts will not be able to drive up to the San Jacinto Mountains to play in the white stuff this weekend, and perhaps for several weeks, the California Highway Patrol said.
New California bill could eliminate speed limit on I-5, Highway 99. Congested roadways on Interstate 5 and State Route 99 could be a thing of the past if a California state senator gets his way. State Sen. John Moorlach (R-Orange County) has filed a bill that would add two specialty lanes to either direction of the freeways, and the 65 miles per hour speed limit would not apply.
Repair work to begin Monday night on Richmond-San Rafael Bridge. Work to permanently repair an eroding portion of the Richmond-San Rafael Bridge was scheduled to begin Monday night and stretch for two weeks, but state officials say it won't affect the morning or evening commutes and will only slightly disrupt traffic the rest of the time. Crews will be on the bridge from 9 p.m. to 4 a.m. each weekday, and, while they're working, one lane will be coned off in each direction of the 5½-mile-long bridge, said Tony Tavares, Caltrans District Four director. No work will be done on Sundays.
Express lanes deal in San Mateo finalized. The owner/operator arrangement for the Managed Lanes project is now official after unanimous votes by both C/CAG and the TA. Ownership of the tolled express lane facility coming to Highway 101 in San Mateo County belongs to both the San Mateo County Transportation Authority and City/County Association of Governments, and those agencies will contract with the Bay Area Infrastructure Financing Authority to operate the facility.
$32 to cross the Golden Gate Bridge? Settlement with Hertz puts an end to that. Those who drove a Hertz rental car across the Golden Gate Bridge and then discovered that the company charged them as much as $32 for the pleasure won't face that kind of bill anymore after a $3.65-million settlement with the San Francisco City Attorney's Office, announced Tuesday. The suit, filed in March 2017, stemmed from the use of PlatePass, a device included in some Hertz rental cars that allows tolls to be assessed electronically. Consumers often had sticker shock when they returned the car because using one toll road triggered a use fee for each day the car was rented, not just the days on which a toll road was driven. Service fees were often added.
The Latest: Damaged California roads face lengthy repairs. Several highways in Southern California's San Jacinto and San Bernardino mountains face lengthy closures for repair of extensive damage from last week's powerful storm. Caltrans says that State Route 243 from Interstate 10 to Idyllwild will be closed for at least two months and a section of State Route 74 will be closed for at least one month. Those roads in the San Jacinto Mountains are being repaired under an $8 million emergency contract.
Caltrans to begin work on Highway 111 this weekend. A day after one of the worst rainstorms in recent memory, which left many commuter arteries underwater, getting around town on Friday has been difficult. Crews assessing damage have found roadways in need of major repairs. Highway 111 from Interstate 10 to Gateway Drive and Tramway Road leading up to the Palm Springs Aerial Tramway are just two examples of roads that may be closed indefinitely.
Caltrans: at least two weeks to repair Highway 18. Caltrans has a long list of roads to repair after the Valentine's Day storm of 2019. For the Big Bear area, that includes Highway 18 between Running Springs and the Bear Valley Dam. State Route 18 remains closed from Green Valley Lake Road to the Bear Valley Dam for at least two weeks because of road loss and storm damage. Riverside Construction is the emergency contractor for the $2.5 million project. Repairs began over the holiday weekend.
Storms cause millions of dollars in damage to California highways. Recent debris flows and flooding in the San Jacinto and San Bernardino mountains have caused extensive damage to Southern California roadways, requiring some highways to be closed for months as crews work on repairs that will cost at least $14 million. Last week's series of storms, including a moisture-packed atmospheric river that slammed the state, has brought consistent rainfall to California, dumping 18 trillion gallons of rain — nearly half the volume of Lake Tahoe.
A CA Bill Would Double the Size of Highways 5 and 99, and Remove Speed Limits. Senator John Moorlach, a Republican representing Orange County, has introduced a bill that shows he is either painfully uninformed or extremely cynical.Moorlach wants to double the size of Highways 5 and 99 and remove speed limits. That will solve congestion, he says, and even–wait for it–reduce greenhouse gas emissions!
With 710 project moving ahead, more evidence highlights how freeway expansions worsen our situation. It's not about expanding what we have but managing better what already exists: prioritizing existing mass transit options and congestion pricing. Urbanists and transit advocates, myself included, have been constantly singing this from any stage we can—over and over and over and over. And a new report from Bookings' Hamilton Project confirms just that.
Route 26 closed until early March to Repair Storm Damage. Calaveras County State Route 26 to remain closed until early March to repair damage from the "Valentine's Day Deluge" that swamped Calaveras County last week. Check FB for more photos and details…
Faster Route To I-5 For Fresnans. The conventional wisdom is that never-ending cost overruns and never-ending management woes killed the original vision for California's bullet train project. But perhaps humanity's never-ending quest for newer and better and more varied methods of transportation is equally responsible. A recent action by the Fresno County Transportation Authority board suggests as much.
Cara Knott Memorial Bridge. THANK YOU #CalTransDistrict11, Gustavo Dallarda, Marcelo Peinado, Shahin Sepassi, and the entire CalTrans team for making this right and changing the signs to reflect Cara's name. Joyce Knott, Cynthia Knott, Cheryl Knott, John Knott, Oreet Herbst, Sam Weick, Buddy Weick, and the entire extended Knott Family thanks you 🙏.
Falling concrete shows deficiencies in 63-year-old Richmond-San Rafael Bridge. Rainy weather delayed repairs to the Richmond-San Rafael Bridge until Monday, more than a week after pieces of concrete fell from its upper deck and left drivers at the mercy of a traffic gridlock that lasted all evening. The commuter chaos began when concrete debris struck a vehicle traveling on the lower eastbound deck of the Richmond-San Rafael Bridge on the morning of Feb. 7. Caltrans and CHP shut down both directions of traffic twice before opening all lanes later that evening after emergency repairs were made.
Construction Activity Continuing on 15 Express Lanes. RCTC is making steady progress on construction of the Interstate 15 Express Lanes, and work is now about one-third complete. The new lanes will span 15 miles – from State Route 60 to Cajalco Road – and remain on schedule to open in 2020. A specific opening date has not been determined at this time.
Opposition to closing 710 freeway stub at special Alhambra City Council Meeting. Mayor Jeff Maloney's public forum on the I-710 Freeway stub and possibly turning the land into a regional park brought strong comments from the nearly 75 people in attendance, most of them firmly opposed to closing that unfinished artery over concerns that such a move would increase traffic on Alhambra streets and pose public safety issues.
The Most Interesting Road in the West | Via Magazine. (Note: Try zip 94326 to see this). Imagine you've been asked to design a college course that explores the West's principal automotive routes, the arteries that move the region's commercial, social, and cultural lifeblood. What would you call it? How about "Highway 101"? Because no matter what you call the road that was originally El Camino Real—whether you know it as the Central Freeway, Oregon Coast Highway, Hollywood Freeway, Redwood Highway, or Olympic Highway—you could do a lot worse than make U.S. Route 101 the focus of your class. The 1,540-mile stretch of roadway races along the continent's western edge, tying together Los Angeles and the Strait of Juan de Fuca in a trajectory vibrant with romantic history, commercial vitality, scenic dazzle, and urban energy—a truly omnibus road. (In fact, in the San Francisco Bay Area, you can see omnibuses full of tech workers cruising up and down 101 every day.)
More Than 60 Joints Will Be Replaced Following Chunks of Concrete Falling From Richmond-San Rafael Bridge. NBC Bay Area's Investigative Unit has learned that more than 60 joints like the one that failed earlier this month on the Richmond-San Rafael Bridge will soon have to be replaced at a cost of more than $10 million. The bridge was shut down for nine hours on Feb. 7 when the joint started to fail, sending chunks of concrete onto the lower deck.
California Highway Stickers. While looking for stickers for my new laptop, I came upon this site. They seem to have stickers for all the variations of the state highways, plus most interstates and some US highways in California.
New York Public Library offers public viewing of its 800,000 maps. Hoisting a giant book, several feet tall, onto a wooden table inside the New York Public Library, Ian Fowler begins flipping through yellowed and frayed pages. Fowler, the maps curator and a geospatial librarian at the Stephen A. Schwarzman Building on Fifth Avenue, carefully traces block after block until he finds the one he is looking for. The maps are part of the New York Fire Insurance Map produced in 1915. The century-old document is only one of the 500,000 maps and atlases in the library's maps division.
Big Changes Considered for 101 Through Eureka. Few people drive through Eureka for the fun of it. If you approach the town from the north during the morning commute, you're often greeted by a long line of stalled traffic waiting to get through the intersection at V and Fourth streets. On a bad day, the back-up may begin out on the freeway. Once you get past V Street, the same situation repeats at R Street.
SR-2, Angeles Crest Highway, is Littered With Colorful Folklore. SR-2 (Angeles Crest Highway), a scenic roadway in the San Gabriel Mountains, has been hammered this winter with on-and-off closures because of heavy snow and rain, triggering numerous mud and rock slides in recent weeks. But pinpointing road closures on the curvy mountain pass is challenging because of the highway's quirky history. We receive in-house reports such as: "(Angeles National Forest) NB and SB Route 2 (Angeles Crest Hwy); from Red Box Rd to Upper Big Tujunga Rd and from Kratka/Snowcrest ski area to Rte 39. Both directions of Rte 2 are closed. … Duration is unknown." Um, where is that?
Richmond-San Rafael Bridge will get 61 joints replaced following mishap. Engineers at the state's Department of Transportation said Friday they will replace 61 joints on the troubled Richmond-San Rafael Bridge, where crumbling concrete struck a vehicle and caused a nine-hour shutdown this month. Contractors who had started repairs this week on the 63-year-old span will now stay on for months, swapping out 31 joints on the upper deck, including the expansion joint that recently failed. Funding for that $10 million maintenance project will come from Bay Area bridge tolls.
More work planned for Richmond-San Rafael Bridge. Contractors currently working on repairs to Richmond-San Rafael Bridge, damaged by falling concrete this month, will remain for several months to make additional replacements to joints on the span's upper deck, Caltrans announced Friday. The added work means the opening of a bicycle/pedestrian path set for late spring will be delayed by at least two months, according to Caltrans.
Richmond-San Rafael Bridge repairs to delay bike lane opening. Ongoing repairs to the Richmond-San Rafael Bridge, where concrete fell from the upper to lower decks earlier this month, will delay the opening of a planned bike and pedestrian lane until this summer. The 5.5-mile bike and pedestrian lane on the westbound span was originally scheduled to open around May. But after a failed sliding plate joint on the bridge's upper deck caused football-sized chunks of concrete to fall on a car Feb. 7, Caltrans now plans to replace the joint along with 31 others in the coming months.
Proposal for No-Speed-Limit Highway Widening Is Partisan Trolling. When I helped launch Streetsblog Los Angeles eleven years ago, I never imagined that transportation would become so partisan. Educating politicians is of course a core part of any movement, and the movement for safe streets is no exception. But over the last decade, how one views efforts to make our transportation network more clean, safe, and welcoming for all road users is increasingly seen through a highly partisan lens.
California budget proposal suggests linking transportation funding and housing. In the Coachella Valley, state transportation funds will help pay for two more lanes along a portion of Highway 111 in Indio, resurface a stretch of Monterey Avenue in Palm Desert and reconstruct a section of Avenue 54 in Coachella. The projects are thanks in part to the $2 billion destined for Riverside and San Bernardino counties through Senate Bill 1, the transportation package signed into law in 2017 that generates revenue through an increase in the state gas tax.
Highway 1 resurfacing near Lompoc nearing completion. A resurfacing project on Highway 1 between Las Cruces and Lompoc will soon be coming to an end. The California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) is working to resurface over 42 lane miles of State Route 1 from the US 101 interchange near Las Cruces to the interchange with State Route 246 near Lompoc
Tab for Highway 37 flood repairs already at $1.8 million as next big storm arrives. Emergency repair work to reopen State Highway 37 last week after floodwaters forced closure of the westbound lanes for six days has already cost roughly $1.8 million, creating fortifications that will soon be tested by another major storm drenching the North Bay. The highway, which also saw one eastbound lane closed for stretches while crews cleared the deluge of water and repaired damage to the roadway and neighboring rail tracks, reopened fully last Wednesday for the morning commute.
SR-38 DRAINAGE AND SLOPE REPAIR PROJECT. The California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) will begin an emergency drainage and slope repair project on State Route 38 (SR-38) from recent storm damage. Please be advised, weather conditions may affect this operation
Storm Causes Highway 18 Collapse. Caltrans has signed a $2.5 million contract to repair the damage to California State Route 18 (SR-18) after heavy storms caused multiple parts of the highway to collapse under its own weight, but more damage to infrastructure may incur even higher costs after another oncoming storm. The SR-18 closure begins five miles north of the [SR-38] junction in Snow Valley and ends the Big Bear Dam
UPDATE: Highway 101 closed again near Last Chance Grade, Caltrans reports Monday night. Late Monday night, Caltrans announced more movement in the slide near Last Chance Grade on U.S. Highway 101, closing the highway in both directions around 7 p.m. "Heads up! Highway 101 is closed at the same site as this morning, between Klamath and Crescent City," North Coast state Sen. Mike McGuire tweeted Monday evening. "A contractor is on site, but the upper hillside remains unstable and the weather isn't cooperating. The highway will most likely be closed through the night."
Councilmembers Donovan And Sandke Provide Differing Perspectives To Highway Relinquishment Issue. Perhaps the biggest long-term financial decision faced by the city of Coronado in many years is the question of Relinquishment. The broad brush details include Caltrans, the State of California's Transportation Agency would pay the city $16.95 million to repair State Route 282 or Third and Fourth Streets west of Orange Avenue; State Route 75 from the Toll Plaza to Tulagi Road; and State Route 75 from Tulagi Road to the southern City Limit with Imperial Beach, to adequate levels. The city of Coronado would then take over all operations of highways. The deal would be in perpetuity, the highways could not be returned to State control and turning the highways over to Coronado would require legislative action at the state level.
Granite Construction (GVA) Announces $22M Contract from California Dept. of Transportation for Construction on Highway 1. Granite (NYSE: GVA) announced today that it has been awarded a $22 million contract by the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) for the Highway 1 from North Aptos Underpass to Junction Route 9 project in Santa Cruz, California. The contract will be included in Granite's first quarter 2019 backlog.
San Jose Avenue Pedestrian Overcrossing. @CaltransD4: New San Jose Avenue Pedestrian Overcrossing spanning State Route 1 in Pacifica will open in late April 2019.
City, community celebrates completion of Newhall Ranch Road Bridge expansion. The completion of a $16 million construction project to improve one of Santa Clarita's busiest areas for drivers, pedestrians and cyclists was officially celebrated Wednesday. "Today is a great day for those who regularly drive through this area because we are celebrating the completion of the Newhall Ranch Road Bridge Widening project," Mayor Marsha McLean said during a ribbon-cutting for the occasion. Newhall Ranch Road is considered one of the major sections of the cross-valley connector, which provides motorists a path from Interstate 5 to Highway 14 by way of surface streets. An estimated 35,000 vehicles pass through the bridge on a daily basis, said McLean.
Tom Fearer spent some time in the Bay Area this month, and updated a load of his blogs:
California State Route 82/Old US Route 101 on the El Camino Real from San Francisco to Interstate 380. After completing Interstate 380 I made my way northward into the City Limits of San Francisco to drive the northernmost portion of California State Route 82.
California State Route 1 Tom Lantos Tunnels/Old California State Route 1 Devil's Slide. No weekend in the Bay Area is really complete in my opinion without a good hike. That being the case after completing Interstate 380 and driving part of California State Route 82 on the historic alignment of US 101 I made my way south along the coast on CA 1 towards Half Moon Bay. My destination was the Devil's Slide Trailhead just south of the Tom Lantos Tunnels.
November Bay Area Trip Part 7; California State Route 1 from I-280 south to CA 17. After leaving San Francisco I had a choice of routes out of the Bay Area. Given that CA 35 still had a closed portion along the one-lane segment south of CA 9 I decided on CA 1 along the coast instead. I hadn't been on this particular stretch of CA 1 since a family trip all the back in 1993 when I was living in Connecticut.
California State Route 92. After hiking Devil's Slide I made my way south to Half Moon Bay on California State Route 1 to Half Moon Bay. I made an eastern turn on California State Route 92 towards Hayward via the Santa Cruz Mountains and San Mateo Bridge over San Francisco Bay.
Interstate 238; the Interstate numbering abomination carved out of an otherwise mundane State Highway. How does one make an otherwise unremarkable stretch of State Highway the absolute bane of the road community? Make a small portion of said State Highway into a Interstate Highway but one that retains it's completely out of grid State Highway number. One such route does exist; California State Route 238 and it's better known segment Interstate 238.
California State Route 84 west from Interstate 880 over the Dumbarton Bridge. On a recent Bay Area trip I took California State 84 west from Interstate 880 over San Francisco Bay via the Dumbarton Bridge.
California State Route 262. In Fremont this is short 1 mile State Highway connecting I-880 east to I-680 known as California State Route 262.
California State Route 87. After crossing San Francisco Bay on California State Route 84 on the Dumbarton Bridge I made my way southeast on CA 114 and US 101 to San Jose where I turned south on CA 87.
Interstate 380. This past weekend I drove over twenty Californian highways with a good chunk of them being around the San Francisco Bay Area. The first highway I attempted was Interstate 380 from San Francisco International Airport west to I-280.
California State Route 185 from Interstate 238 to CA 112. While on a recent Bay Area trip I drove a portion of California State Route 185 from Interstate 238 in Ashland to CA 112 in downtown San Leandro.
California State Route 112, 61 and 260 (a functional CA 61). On a recent trip to the Bay Area I drove/clinched numerous highways. Some of them had oddities like not being signed, not completed as planned or even relinquished segments. None was as strange as California State Routes 112, 61 and 260 which all essentially serve as a signed version of CA 61.
California State Route 77; the real "Shortest Signed" State Highway. Over the last two weeks I visited almost every State Highway in the San Francisco Bay Area. The shortest State Highway by a large margin in the Bay Area is California State Route 77.
California State Route 13. On my recent Bay Area trips I had an opportunity to drive the Warren Freeway segment of California State Route 13.
California State Route 242. After driving the Warren Freeway on California State Route 13 east via CA 24 and Interstate 680 to drive California State Route 242.
Interstate 680 over the Benicia-Martinez Bridge and the legacy of California State Route 21. Recently I drove Interstate 680 over Carquinez Straight via the Benicia-Martinz Bridge. The Benicia Martinez Bridge is significant as it was location of the last major highway ferry crossing in the San Francisco Bay Area on California State Route 21.
Interstate 780 and path of California State Route 141. After crossing Carquinez Straight into Solano County via the Benicia-Martinez Bridge on Interstate 680 I made a western turn on I-780 towards mainline I-80.
California State Route 113; a little bit of vintage US 40, US 40A, US 99W and CA 24. Upon leaving the Bay Area I turned off Interstate 80 and headed eastward into the Sacramento River Delta on California State Route 12. My next destination was California State Route 113 northbound which is partially made of segments of what was; US Route 40, US Route 40A, US Route 99W and California State Route 24.
November Bay Trip Part 3; California State Route 24. After leaving Mount Diablo State Park I drove through Walnut Creek to reach California State Route 24 to continue heading westward into Oakland.
1929 Van Ness Arch; Van Ness Avenue, Fresno California. Recently I decided to re-visit the Van Ness Arch after seeing a Google image of it blocked off by Union Pacific construction. The Van Ness Arch was located just off of US Route 99/Railroad Avenue at the rail crossing on Van Ness Avenue in southern Fresno.
Interstate 505; a trace of Interstate 5W. While on a recent Bay Area trip I primarily focused on routes I hadn't previously taken or didn't really research much in the past. One such route was Interstate 505 which as originally conceived was meant to be part of Interstate 5W.
Unbuilt California State Route 179. Back in 2017 I spent a good deal of time driving scenic highways located in Marin, Napa, Sonoma Yolo and Solano Counties. While heading east from Lake Berryessa through the Vaca Mountains California State Route 128 I took a turn on Pleasant Valley Road south towards Vacaville. What I stumbled upon was the unbuilt California State Route 179 on a very aptly named Pleasant Valley Road. This year after traversing the Bay Area I decided to revisit the unbuilt CA 179.
California State Route 45. Following a day trip to the Bay Area I headed northward into Sacramento Valley to drive some more off the beaten path State Routes. One such route that caught my eye was California State Route 45.
California State Route 149. While traveling through Sacramento Valley earlier this month I drove the entirety of California State Route 149.
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Bearden: Bearden has a simple solution to all of your troubles – shop! Sequoyah Hills technically marks the beginning of West Knoxville, but Bearden kicks off West Knoxville's shopping district. There is plenty of shopping all around Knoxville – to the south, east, and north – but the West Knoxville shopping seemingly never ends. Bearden shopping is a bit classier than other parts of West Knoxville. You'll find quaint, upscale, suburban-looking strip malls in Bearden that make you want to check them out. There are several antiques and collectibles and interior shops. Also, many midrange to upscale galleries and restaurants. Although where Bearden begins and ends is largely debatable, the heart of the community extends from the top of Bearden Hill to the west edge of the Sequoyah Hills area. Fortunately, shopping is not the only way to keep yourself occupied in Bearden. If you're looking for exercise not involving sliding your credit card, you might consider the 2.1-mile Bearden Village Greenway. The greenway connects West High School and Bearden Elementary school along Sutherland Avenue. Cherokee Country Club is conveniently located right off Lyons View Pike. This full-scale country club offers golf, tennis, bowling, swimming, food, beverages and exquisite views. If you're looking for a home, there are several great subdivisions in the Bearden area. The streets are hilly and covered with trees. North of Kingston Pike is filled with attractive post-World War II homes in subdivisions like Forest Hills, Forest Heights and Highland Hills.
Communities: The West Knoxville neighborhood of Bearden rests along Kingston Pike, just
beyond Sequoyah Hills and some may say that it stretches as far as Bearden Hill at Papermill Drive. Some of the communities offer waterfront access, personal greenways and almost all of the neighborhoods offer a short walk to shops. While the boundaries of the Bearden neighborhood can vary from person to person, the neighborhoods inside the community include Harrison Keepe, Sequoyah Hills, Wesley Park, Westmoreland Heights and Oakleigh Estates. Something unique to the Bearden community is the Bearden council that meets monthly to grow the Bearden Village Plan. This year they have added over 700 trees to the pedestrian areas and are in the process of increasing the use of pedestrian walkways. For more information on homes for sale in the Bearden area, click here to see an extended version of our preferred communities.
Parks & Attractions: Bearden and Kingston Pike are known as the the main commercial area in Knoxville, TN. Bearden has many notable businesses that include the Cherokee Country Club, a private golf course (18 hole course) known for its beautiful lake views which is a neighbor of Northshore Park. The Orangery, Arnwine Furnishings and endless strip-malls are also other amenities of the Bearden area.While Bearden is known for its vast selection of shopping, there are many other attractions such as the Bearden Village Greenway that stretches from Bearden elementary school to the third creek greenway, connecting to the Sequoyah Greenway, City Greenway and continues downtown.
Schools: Bearden School District, in partnership with parents and community, provides the highest quality of education to all students. Residents of Bearden are zoned for Bearden Elementary, Rocky Hill Elementary, Sequoyah Elementary, West Hills Elementary, Bearden Middle, Bearden High School, West
High School. These residents are also close to many private schools that include Giving Tree Montessori, Knoxville Adventist School, Knoxville Montessori School, and Sacred Heart Cathedral School.
Our Favorite Restaurants in Bearden:
•Calhoun's, Bearden Hill: Home of their custom built, steam-heated microbrewery where they handcraft specialty beers to the taste of Tennessee! Calhoun's has been smokin' for 29+ years and focus their passion towards great food, atmosphere, and hospitality. The original Calhoun's BBQ opened in October 1983 on Kingston Pike and went on to win the tile of "Best Ribs in America" at the 1984 National Rib Cook-off. Calhoun's has been growing ever since and currently has 9 locations all across East Tennessee. *Monday, $5.99 Burger and Fries!* (See also Calhoun's on the River, Downtown)
•Naples Italian Restaurant: If you are in the mood for a great Knoxville Italian Restaurant, look no further than Naples! You will appreciate the unbeatable prices on your favorite Italian foods including pasta, veal, and chicken. If you want to surprise your better half with a night out on the town, you can't do better than Naples. (Ask about the Red Room for ultimate privacy and a romantic dinner.) If you work or play in the area, don't forget about their $5.99 Spaghetti Lunch! *Best of Knoxville 2011 Winner – Metro Pulse*
•The Grill at Highlands Row: With a speakeasy look and feel, this local favorite offers incredible steaks and seafood options as well as sophisticated Southern cuisine. Their foundation was set on the belief that Knoxville would support a high quality, distinctive local steak house with moderate prices, excellent service, and comfortable decor. Enjoy Happy Hour specials from 5-7pm daily or go on Mondays for half-price wine and half-price Moonshine cocktails on Monday & Tuesdays.
•Gourmet's Market: For the past 36 years, Knoxville's Gourmet's Market has been a destination for East Tennessee foodies. It opened in 1978 and since then, enthusiasts rave about the selection of hard-to-find cheeses, meats, coffees, teas, and cooking utensils. In recent years, the restaurant has grown an even larger following of customers who enjoy the restaurant's creative cuisine. *Top Knox 2015 Winner – Knoxville Mercury*
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The Societe de Chimie Industrielle - American Section will award the 2009 International Palladium Medal to DuPont Chairman & CEO Charles O. Holliday Jr. for his "distinguished contributions to the chemical industry." He will receive the medal at an event in his honor on May 6, 2009, in New York City where DuPont President and CEO designate Ellen J. Kullman will introduce him.
"Chad Holliday has been at the top of the chemical industry leadership for the past decade, which has been a transformational period. The Palladium Committee recognized his efforts to advance science through the integration of biology and chemistry; to accelerate the globalization of the industry; and to make significant private and public contributions beyond his own company," said John Roberts, chairman of the International Palladium Medal Award Committee.
Holliday is the third DuPont leader to receive the Palladium award. Past DuPont recipients include Edward R. Kane in 1979 and Edgar S. Woolard Jr. in 1995. Kane was DuPont president and chief operating officer from 1973 to 1980 and Woolard was DuPont chairman and CEO from 1989 to 1995.


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Сартакова — деревня в Горноуральском городском округе Свердловской области, Россия

Географическое положение
Деревня Сартакова расположена в пригороде Нижнего Тагила, на левом берегу реки Ямбарки, при впадении в неё реки Башкарки. Поселение вытянуто с северо-востока на юго-запад вдоль Ямбарки, к северо-востоку находится устье Башкарки. Деревня находится к северу от Екатеринбурга и в 66 километрах на юго-восток от Нижнего Тагила.

Юго-западнее деревни Саратаковой и выше по течению Ямбарки находится село Новопаньшино, а северо-восточнее деревни и ниже по течению реки — деревня Сарапулка.

Население

Ссылки
http://semantic.uraic.ru/object/objectedit.aspx?object_id=5614&project=1

Примечания

Населённые пункты Горноуральского городского округа
Населённые пункты на Ямбарке


Lakhimpur Kheri: An alleged illegal arms factory was unearthed in the remote Mahadev Tanda village in the Singahi area on the Indo-Nepal border, the police said on Saturday.
"Four persons Israr, Punnu, Mohd Shami and Rafiq were arrested on Friday while making country-made firearms. Twenty firearms, six more being manufactured, parts used in the manufacturing and other equipment were recovered from their possession," Superintendent of police (SP), S Channappa told PTI.
During interrogation, the accused confessed about smuggling of illegal arms in various districts, the official claimed.
The police did not rule out the possibility of cross-border smuggling. Further probe is on in the matter, the official said.