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Pub "banter" and legally binding contracts
Author: Rachel Craig
Practice Area: Corporate - M&A
A cautionary tale from a recent case
The recent decision in Blue v Ashley [2017] EWHC 1928 provides valuable advice about the legal effect (or otherwise) of conversations which are had in "extremely jovial" atmospheres.
The importance of concluding agreements in writing and ensuring that these are signed cannot be underestimated. Whilst there is no legal requirement for a contract to be in writing, the absence of a written record "may – depending on the circumstances – tend to suggest that no contract was in fact completed."[1]
A refresher of contract law:
In reaching its decision in Blue v Ashley, the court referred to what is required for a legally binding contract, being that: (i) the parties have reached an agreement (ii) which is intended to be legally binding (iii) which is supported by consideration and (iv) which is sufficiently certain and complete to be enforceable. The court also gave consideration to the reliability, or otherwise, of evidence based on memory and noted that "it is rare in modern commercial litigation to encounter a claim, particularly a claim for millions of pounds, based on an agreement which is not only said to have been made purely by word of mouth but of which there is no contemporaneous documentary record of any kind."[2]
Background and Decision:
In January 2013 Jeffrey Blue, a consultant with a background in investment banking, met with Mike Ashley (founder and majority shareholder of Sports Direct International Plc ("Sports Direct")) and three individuals from Espirito Santo Investment Bank ("ESIB") in a pub in London. The purpose of the informal gathering was to make introductions between the individuals from ESIB and Mike Ashley, with a view to discussing whether ESIB might be interested in acting as Sports Direct's corporate broker.
The informal gathering "turned into an evening of drinking"[3] and the court heard in evidence that "the pints [kept] coming like machine guns".[4] During the course of the evening, there was discussion of Sports Direct's share price and what level it might reach if Sports Direct continued to perform well. At the time, Sports Direct's shares were trading at around £4 per share. Mr Blue alleged that in the course of this discussion, Mr Ashley agreed to pay Mr Blue £15 million if Mr Blue could get Sports Direct's share price to £8 per share in a three year period. Mr Ashley's view was that if such a conversation took place that evening, it was "in the context of general banter…and it would have been obvious that he was joking."[5] Mr Blue did not make any written record of the conversation in the pub.
In December 2013, Sports Direct's share price hit an all-time high of £7.71 per share following which Mr Blue first raised with Mr Ashley the subject of what he considered to be the agreement that they had made. Mr Blue understood Mr Ashley to be acknowledging the existence of their agreement and confirming that he would honour it, but Mr Blue made no written record of this conversation. In February 2014, Sports Direct's share price rose above £8. Mr Blue made a written note of the time when this occurred, asked Mr Ashley if he had seen that the share price had hit £8 and Mr Ashley replied that he had. Mr Blue alleged that this amounted to a record of Mr Ashley's acknowledgement of the share price reaching £8 per share and therefore, by implication, Mr Blue had become entitled to the £15 million payment.
In May 2014, Mr Ashley transferred £1 million to Mr Blue's bank account, which Mr Blue understood to be a sign of Mr Ashley's commitment to their agreement.
Mr Blue claimed that the conversation in the pub in January 2013 – that if Mr Blue used his experience, skills and contacts to get the Sports Direct share price above £8 per share within 3 years, Mr Ashley would pay him £15 million – amounted to a legally binding agreement.
The court described the dialogue in the pub in January 2013 as "jocular conversation"[6] and found that "no reasonable person…would have thought that the offer to pay Mr Blue £15 million was serious and was intended to create a contract."[7] The court was sure that the discussions in the pub would not "reasonably have been understood as a serious offer capable of creating a legally binding contract."[8] Although the court found no credible reason for Mr Ashley making the £1 million payment to Mr Blue, the court did not view this as an acknowledgement by Mr Ashley of the agreement reached in the pub to pay Mr Blue £15 million, of which the £1 million payment was the first instalment. In finding against Mr Blue, the court observed that the fact that Mr Blue had convinced himself, since January 2013, that the offer was a serious one, showed "only that the human capacity for wishful thinking knows few bounds."[9]
How CMcD can assist:
If you would like advice in respect of contract terms which you are currently negotiating, or are concerned about the enforceability of agreements already in place, please contact Rachel Craig at [email protected] or on (028) 9034 8847.
[1] [2017] EWHC 1928 paragraph 49
[6] [2017] EWHC 1928 paragraph 142
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What are the Subjects in Science Stream in Class 11?
Nikita Gupta June 13, 2019 0 10
Choosing a stream of subjects for Class 11 and 12 is the first of many big career decisions you will be making in your life. After having studied a variety of subjects for your entire school career, the time has come to select a specific stream that suits your interests, capabilities and career goals.
Even if you haven't identified any particular career goal so far, don't worry, there is still plenty of time for that. Selecting a stream is comparatively easier than selecting a career, but making a careful choice is still important as your stream can influence your career.
There are 3 main streams available after Class 10, namely Science, Commerce and Humanities/Arts, and each stream has a distinct methodology, choice of subjects and career options. While Science is based on the theory and application of scientific concepts, Commerce is focused on trade and business, and Humanities is based on the liberal arts.
Recommended Read: Stream Selection in Class 11: A Detailed Look Into All 3 Streams
Science Stream Subjects after Class 10th
The science stream is further divided into 2 branches, namely medical (PCB) and non-medical (PCM) science stream.
The difference between the two lies in the choice of the third subject. While Physics and Chemistry are compulsory for both, the medical stream offers Biology as the 3rd compulsory subject, and the non-medical stream offers Mathematics. English is common to all streams and students can take up any optional subject to meet a total of 5 subjects.
Here is a detailed look into the compulsory subjects in the Science stream:
1. Physics
Physics is among the oldest academic fields in the world and is the science of matter, motion, energy, and force. It focuses on understanding how the universe behaves. Advances in the field of physics enable advancements in technologies, such as the study of electromagnetism, thermodynamics, mechanics, nuclear physics and solid-state physics.
Studying physics at Class 11-12 level will help you develop observational, analytical, investigatory and decision making skills, along with conceptual understanding, creative thinking, and problem-solving skills.
Examples of a few topics you will study are:
Laws of Motion
After studying physics there are a variety of career options available, including working as a physicist, astronaut, data scientist, technician, and engineer.
Read more: Career In Physics In India
2. Chemistry
Everything in the universe is made out of atoms and matter, and the study of Chemistry is based on the study of the composition, properties, and structure of matter, including atomic structure and the changes influenced by chemical reactions.
New areas in chemistry, such as synthetic materials, natural resources, biomolecules, and industrial chemistry are also included in the course at the Class 11-12 level, ensuring that you get a thorough understanding of Chemistry fundamentals and contemporary developments. Practical lab experiments further serve to support your theoretical studies.
Examples of topics you will study are:
Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
Career options after studying chemistry include working in research, pharmaceuticals, healthcare as lab scientists, chemical engineers, biochemists, flavour chemists, analytical chemists, etc.
Recommended Read: Chemistry Vs. Chemical Engineering: How Do the Two Fields Differ?
3. Biology
The term 'Biology' is derived from the Greek language, with 'bios' meaning life and 'logos' meaning study, literally translating into the study of life forms. And that's exactly what biology is. Biology studies living organisms – plants and animals – including facets such as their physical structures, physiological mechanisms, chemical processes, molecular interactions, and development and evolution.
The subject of Biology at the Class 11-12 level focuses on providing a firm conceptual basis while also connecting the study of the subject with real-life technology, environment, agriculture, health, and industry.
Structural Organisation in Plants and Animals
Cell: Structure and Function
Career opportunities after studying Biology are immense, including the most popular path of Medicine, whether MBBS or Ayurveda or Homeopathy. Apart from medicine, you can pursue a variety of career paths such as biotechnology, dentistry, veterinary sciences, pharmaceuticals, botany, zoology, marine biology, genetics, bioinformatics, microbiology, and more.
Recommended Read: Planning to Choose PCMB After Class 10? Consider these 6 Things First
4. Mathematics
Mathematics is a science of numbers and is often the most hated subject for students, and sometimes the most loved with use in money transactions and applications even in architecture, art, engineering, and sports. As a subject, Math focuses on the concepts of quantity, change, structure, and space.
At a Class 11-12 level, you would learn about the principles of underlying processes and skills, identify the flow of reason while solving a problem or proving a result, and learn how to apply acquired skills to solve problems by more than one method. If you pursue the Medical (PCB) stream, you can also take on Mathematics as an optional subject.
Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry
Studying Mathematics in Class 11-12 opens up a variety of career options, including those in the field of commerce, if you decide to change your mind about a career in the sciences. Career options include engineering, computer science, insurance, statistics, economics, banking, accountancy, etc.
Recommended Read: Love Maths? One Of These 8 Careers Could Be Perfect For You!
As one of the official languages of India, and as the language used most commonly worldwide, English is an unavoidable subject studied at Class 11-12 level regardless of the stream. English is a common language medium used in offices, colleges and online, which is why a certain level of proficiency is always helpful.
At the Class 11-12 level, the subject focuses on enhancing reading, writing, grammar, and listening/speaking skills in English, preparing students for further studies as well as directly for the workplace.
Career options available after studying English include mass communication, journalism, teaching, public relations, and blogging. The study of English will also help you in your general communication and comprehension skills which will be helpful in nearly every career where the language of communication is English.
Recommended Read: Discover Literature: All You Need to Know About Studying English Honours
Optional Subjects with Science
Apart from the 4 compulsory subjects in the Science stream (Physics, Chemistry, English and Biology/Mathematics), you are required to take on a 5th optional subject. Some schools also allow provisions to apply for a 6th subject as well, allowing you to choose 2 optional subjects.
Here are some of the optional subjects available with Science:
1. Computer Science
Computer Science has become an immensely popular choice with students and is based on a general study of computer applications, programming languages, computing logic, and networking technologies.
Recommended Read: BCA Vs. B.Tech CS Vs. B.Sc Computer Science: What are the Differences?
2. Informatics Practices
Although there are similarities with Computer Science, Informatics Practices focus more on the processing of information, computer systems, device applications, program development, and integrated device electronics.
Economics serves as a compulsory student for Commerce stream students, but it is also a popular optional subject for Science and Humanities streams. A social science, Economics studies the functioning of an economy and its basic elements, and the interaction of markets at national and international levels.
Recommended Read: What is B.A Economics All About? Career Options & Colleges
4. Engineering Drawing
Engineering Drawing or Engineering Graphics is a specialized subject that teaches the ability to convey ideas and information required for constructing or analyzing machines, structures, and systems graphically. It's useful for engineers, architects, surveyors, and designers.
Psychology can be defined as the study of the mind, and it has gained immense popularity in the past few years. The subject of psychology examines the mental processes, behaviours, and experiences of people. At the Class 11-12 level, you would learn about the basic concepts and principles in the field, such as emotions, personality, intelligence, etc.
6. Physical Education
Another popular optional subject is Physical Education, which is considered scoring and also boosts your physical activity. At the Class 11-12 level, you would learn about physiology, physical fitness, various sports, and yoga.
Recommended Read: Can You Change Your Optional Subject in CBSE Class 11 & 12?
Career Options after Science Stream
There is a multitude of career options available after pursuing Science stream in Class 11-12, however, the subjects are also considerably difficult and will require effort. Thus, you should go for this stream only if you are absolutely sure about your interest and aptitude for the subjects.
You should also have some clarity about which career options and courses you are targeting after class 12. If you have doubts regarding which stream to opt for, try career counselling to help you identify the stream that is most suitable for you.
Read more: Career Options with PCM | Career Options with PCB
Did you find this article helpful in choosing your stream after class 10? Share with us in the comments below!
Nikita Gupta
Previous Article10 People Who Figured Out Their Career Later in Life
Next ArticleAcademic Vs. Professional Degree After Class 12th: Which One is Better?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Ferdinand Bernhard Vietz (18 November 1772 in Vienna – 15 December 1815 in Vienna), was an Austrian pharmacologist, a Doctor of the Healing Arts and Professor of Forensic Medicine at the University of Vienna, and is best known for Icones Plantarum Medico-Oeconomico-Technologicarum cum Earum Fructus ususque Descriptione (1800–1822), an 11-volume compilation of medicinal, culinary and decorative plant species consulted by pharmacologists during the early 1800s.  The noted cartographic engraver, Ignaz Alberti, worked on the 1100 hand-coloured copperplate engravings on laid-watermarked paper and completed the work after the early death of Vietz.

Volumes 1 and 2 were printed in Latin and German in adjacent columns. Volumes 3-10 have the title in German only. Volume 11 is a supplementary volume by Joseph Lorenz Kendl. In the introduction to Volume 1, Vietz lists a lengthy bibliography of consulted works, an enormous number of sponsors and a dedication to Maria Theresa, Empress of Austria.

Vietz's monumental work is extremely rare, and the British Natural History Museum writes:
The work is "not being held in any other of the United Kingdom's national or public library collections. Only three copies have been found in North American libraries, of which two are certainly fragile and in need of conservation. One copy is in the Austrian National Library."

On his death, Vietz was succeeded by Joseph Bernt (1770–1842), as professor of state medicine.

External links
Biodiversity Heritage Library (online)

References

Austrian pharmacologists
1772 births
1815 deaths
Scientists from Vienna
Academic staff of the University of Vienna

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Want to Get on the MAP? The Monument Awards Program is Here!
The Monument Awards program is San Jacinto College's Employee Recognition program. The program will be offered again for 2018-2019.
Going the Extra Mile (G.E.M.) - employee badging available in Cornerstone. A step-by-step training document is available in Cornerstone Help to guide you in awarding a badge.
Living the Values - an individual award designed to recognize behaviors demonstrated by the College values. The online form is now available for the current nomination period of October 16 - December 7, 2018.
San Jacinto College Monument Award - a team award presented to up to 10 teams per year for completion of deliverables identified in the annual priorities or strategic goals. The online form is now available for the current nomination period of October 16 - December 7, 2018.
To access the links for the nomination forms, please login to SOS and go to the My Work tab. Look for the Monument Nomination Form or the Living the Values Nomination Form to submit your nomination.


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The CEO of the maritime association that represents employers said last week that ports were so close to total gridlock that employers could lock out workers as soon as Monday.
On Monday, a spokesman for the Pacific Maritime Association did not have immediate comment on how much congestion weekend workers were able to clear and what a timeline for a lockout might now be.
The dockworkers' union condemned the weekend hiring cutbacks — and the warning of a lockout. The International Longshore and Warehouse Union disputes both that there is little room for new containers and that its members have been working slowly. The union blames the West Coast congestion crisis on structural problems with the shipping supply chain.
Contract talks were scheduled to resume Monday afternoon in San Francisco after a weekend hiatus. The prior contract expired in July. A federal mediator got involved a month ago. While there was some immediate progress after that development, both sides have not settled issues including wages and how to arbitrate future work-related disputes.
Meanwhile, outside pressure to reach a deal has been mounting from elected officials, retailers whose imported products are stuck on the docks, exporters who say they can't access foreign markets, and others affected by the congestion crisis.


We build badass products people love to use.
We live for challenges. Embrace the difficult or seemingly impossible. Solve the problems most in need of solutions. Build products that impact lives.
Stand out from the crowd with user focused experiences and strong visual design.
Secure and scalable applications built by full stack development experts.
Some problems require a focused team of entrepreneurially minded people to deliver on time and budget.
Impactful data driven strategies result in great products through user research and iterative product roadmaps.


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Q: Using RFID and SD card Reader at the same time with SPI and ESP32 not working I am trying to use the ESP32 Dev Kit V1 with the MISO, MOSI, and CLK connected in parallel with the sd reader and RFID reader. If I unplug the SD card reader, the RFID reader works. When I plug the SD card in, it initializes correctly but the RFID does not scan or send any information for that matter.
/*
 * Rui Santos
 * Complete Project Details http://randomnerdtutorials.com
 */

#include <MFRC522.h> // for the RFID
#include <SPI.h> // for the RFID and SD card module
#include <SD.h> // for the SD card

// define pins for RFID
#define CS_RFID 32
#define RST_RFID 33
// define select pin for SD card module
#define CS_SD 26

// Create a file to store the data
File myFile;

// Instance of the class for RFID
MFRC522 rfid(CS_RFID, RST_RFID);

// Variable to hold the tag's UID
String uidString;

// Instance of the class for RTC

void setup() {

  Serial.begin(9600);
  while(!Serial); // for Leonardo/Micro/Zero

  // Init SPI bus
  SPI.begin();
  // Init MFRC522
  rfid.PCD_Init();

  // Setup for the SD card
  Serial.print("Initializing SD card...");
  if(!SD.begin(CS_SD)) {
    Serial.println("initialization failed!");
    return;
  }
  Serial.println("initialization done.");

  // Setup for the RTC
}

void loop() {
  //look for new cards
  digitalWrite(CS_SD, HIGH);
  if(rfid.PICC_IsNewCardPresent()) {
    readRFID();
    logCard();
  }
  delay(10);
}

void readRFID() {
  rfid.PICC_ReadCardSerial();
  Serial.print("Tag UID: ");
  uidString = String(rfid.uid.uidByte[0]) + " " + String(rfid.uid.uidByte[1]) + " " +
    String(rfid.uid.uidByte[2]) + " " + String(rfid.uid.uidByte[3]);
  Serial.println(uidString);

}

void logCard() {
  // Enables SD card chip select pin
  digitalWrite(CS_SD,LOW);
  // Open file
  myFile=SD.open("DATA.txt", FILE_WRITE);
  // If the file opened ok, write to it
  if (myFile) {
    Serial.println("File opened ok");
    myFile.print(uidString);
    myFile.print(", ");

  }
  else {
    Serial.println("error opening data.txt");
  }
  // Disables SD card chip select pin
  digitalWrite(CS_SD,HIGH);
}

I have been on this for 7 hours, and tried many different things such as using the VSPI and HSPI buses, pull down/pull up resistors on cs pins, changing library properties, adding a resistor connecting the MOSI of the SD to the MOSI of the RFID. Nothing has worked. This is for a senior design project where I am integrating it into a much larger project. I have also tried other Stack Overflow solutions but got nowhere. I just need the basics to work then I can use it for my entire project. Any help would be greatly appreciated.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


With manual control. The vacuum is adjusted by a manual valve with dosing spindle.
Scope of delivery: Diaphragm pump, device connection cable and plug (EU and UK), inlet separator, exhaust condenser, gas ballast valve.


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Home » The Welsh Agenda » Politics and Policy » Legislating to reduce homelessness in Wales
Legislating to reduce homelessness in Wales
13th February 2014 (27th February 2020) Politics and Policyhomelessness, housing, IWA Event, Legislation, wales
Mike Hedges outlines the main provisions in the Housing Bill currently being scrutinised in the National Assembly
The Housing (Wales Bill) was introduced into the Assembly in November 2013 and is currently undergoing scrutiny. It has four main parts: regulation of the private rented sector, homelessness, Gypsy and traveller sites, and standards for social housing.
The Bill also sets out to allow councils to charge a higher rate of council tax on empty properties, allows housing associations to give assured tenancies, and deals with the abolition of the housing revenue account subsidy so a portion of the rent paid by Council tenants will no longer be returned to the Treasury.
Housing Policy debate
Tomorrow: Peter Black says the Welsh Government's emphasis on preventing homelessness rather than managing it is long overdue.
On Monday: Jocelyn Davies says the Welsh Government's Housing Bill does not live up to the expectations promised in the preceding White Paper.
The legislation seeks to regulate the private rented sector in Wales. Every landlord or letting agent, if one is being used by the owner, will need to be licensed. As most people are aware, there has been a substantial growth in private rented properties across Wales.
There is a current voluntary landlord accreditation scheme run by Cardiff Council on behalf of the 22 local authorities and a key element of the new legislation is to establish a comprehensive online database of all private landlords and letting/management agents in the private rented sector. After a private landlord or agent registers they will then have to become accredited following the attendance at an approved training scheme. For agents they will have to join an approved body and at least two thirds of their staff must be trained.
The aim of the legislation is to improve standards in the private rented sector, provide more information on landlords for local authorities (for example, many landlords live far away from Swansea) and raise awareness by landlords and tenants of their respective rights and responsibilities. A possible unintended consequence could be a reduction in rental properties.
The Bill seeks to prevent people becoming homeless and build on the work currently being done by local Councils on homelessness prevention. The legislation aims to ensure greater emphasis on preventing homelessness, extend the help available and improve the services for those not considered to be in priority need, and improve the ability of local authorities to offer secure accommodation via the private sector.
The two major changes are that from 2019 local authorities will be expected to secure accommodation for households with children, even if they have been found intentionally homeless, but only if this is the first time in the past five years.
At the Assembly the most contentious part of the proposed legislation is to remove the automatic right of all former prisoners to be given housing priority. If the legislation is successful they will be assessed in the same way all other applicants. This is a policy that I believe is fair and just because I do not believe that ex- prisoners should have greater rights than anyone else.
Just to correct a false rumour circulating, I would like to confirm that applicants who are subject to immigration controls are not eligible for assistance under the 1996 act.
The intended effect of the Bill is to produce:
Fewer households suffering homelessness.
Better prevention work.
Increased help for those who currently receive limited assistance.
More informed choice for those facing homelessness.
However, unless there is an increase in the quantity of rental accommodation then all that can be achieved will be a different way of sharing out rental accommodation.
The third major part of the legislation is the proposal to place a new statutory duty on local authorities to provide new gypsy and traveller sites where a need has been identified. As we know in Swansea, if official sites are not provided then unofficial sites will be created. The legislation aims to improve the standard of accommodation, reduce illegal sites and unauthorised encampments.
The fourth major part of the legislation is to set standards for rents and service charges for local authority housing, ensuring that they are clearly and separately identified. The legislation is intended to further facilitate the development of co-operative housing by allowing fully mutual housing co-operatives to grant assured tenancies protecting the interest of lenders.
In some European countries co-operatives make up 20 per cent of all housing. However, they only provide about 0.1 per cent in Britain. The housing co-operative model also provides a substantial amount of accommodation in North America. With such a shortage of housing in Wales I do not believe that we can let this potential for providing accommodation go unused.
Mike Hedges is Labour AM for Swansea East.


Hamlet was a text for my AS Level coursework, and I only had some limited exposure to it before; I knew the plot and that was about it.Shakespeare paints a wonderful picture of a corrupt government led by Hamlet's uncle/new father Claudius. Whilst I did think Hamlet did dither a bit too much, I wouldn't doubt I'd have a similar view were I told by a ghost of my father that I need to kill my uncle. Yet Hamlet is wonderful because of this, I think, through Hamlet's pondering we get some of the best soliloquies written and we also get the wonderful 'Mousetrap' scene; which is one of my favourites, alongside the Rosencrantz/Guildenstern/Hamlet/Horatio scene.Plus, this version came with loads of handy critical essays in the back to help with things like coursework.


รายละเอียดเกม : ทุกอย่างเป็นปกติในเมืองของ Megatropolis จนกระทั่งวันหนึ่งหุ่นยนต์มาจากสวรรค์ที่ทำให้โลกไปแช่แข็ง ทำลายมันสี่คอร์และบันทึกโลก!
Game description: Everything was normal in the city of Megatropolis, until one day a robot from the heaven made the world go frozen. Destroy it's four cores and save the world!
Game controls: WASD keys to move. Space bar to shoot.
Praying for Abby and for your entire family. She has been on my mind all weekdne. I'll be checking in on Monday, hoping and praying for some much needed good news.
This makes evthreying so completely painless.


Beyond the Boundary Stones...on iAuthor!
Book 3 of The Chronicles of Tevenar Wizards have returned to Ravanetha a thousand years after the Mother took her power away. Josiah and Elkan must deal with the overwhelming need for their healing powers, and that's just the beginning. The Matriarch, desperate for an heir, seeks to control them. The Purifiers abhor their familiars as demons. The Dualists consider their powers evil. And every faction hungers to possess vulnerable Tevenar. Meanwhile Ozor is recruiting surgeons and snake-oil salesmen to capitalize on the wizards' fame. Can the wizards navigate the dangerous path that will allow them to save Tevenar from famine and restore the Mother's power to a needy world?


Prepare to be swept away by a story that is intimate, true, and utterly compelling. Margi Gibb's much-loved father dies and, with her immediate family largely gone, her life is changed irrevocably. Immersing herself more deeply in art and music, she travels to America to study the sacred art of the mandala, exploring the wisdom traditions of Indigenous Indian peoples in the process. Then after a serendipitous encounter back in Australia she travels to Dharamsala to care for children in an after school program at a Tibetan women's handicraft cooperative. Her underlying passion is to initiate guitar lessons for Tibetan refugees. What follows is unexpected. Margi's developing bonds with two very different Tibetan men, Tenzin and Yonten, change her life in complex and enduring ways.
Eventually she journeys to Tibet. Kissed by a Deer is a book about East and West. It is a passionate quest for the personal and intellectual truth that only comes through lived experience. Gibb's story gives us amazing places, and wonderful characters, people we come to love and care about despite their failings. In its pages, wisdom searchingly finds its humble roots in the connections of heart, imagination and mind; in the midst of the act of living.


One of the agonizing great things about self-publishing is that you get to set your own price. And not just once – you can change your price as much as you like (whether this is a good thing to do, is another matter).
Not withstanding the Department of Justice's collusion lawsuit, publishers seem determined to keep ebook prices high (sometimes higher than print). Whether this will continue forever (some publishers have begun experimenting with price-pulsing and lower pricing), one substantial difference between trad-pub and indie continues to be pricing. One of the reasons I chose self-publishing over continuing to publish with my previous small publisher was the ability to offer readers a lower price. Given that authors are free to price high or low, and they choose low, should be your first clue that there is some advantage to this.
Trad-pub e-books are usually priced close to the paperback price (and sometimes above!).
Indie e-books (novels) are usually priced less than $4.99, with most $2.99 or $3.99. Indie paperbacks are priced higher than trad-pub because Print on Demand technology results in a higher cost than the large print runs that publishers use (especially for bestsellers). Some indie novels are priced at 99cents, but that price point is usually used for short fiction or (temporary) sales.
Low pricing helps overcome the disadvantage of being a relatively unknown author.
They have names like 47North (Science Fiction) and Skyscape (Young Adult): Amazon's new traditional publishing imprints have been steadily growing their lists, often by offering contracts to indie authors who have been selling well. While terms are a confidential, I know people who have accepted these contracts, and I can tell you they're very competitive with self-publishing. Beyond a competitive contract, there's one thing noticeably different between Amazon's trad-pub imprints and other trad-pub imprints: Amazon prices like indies (see the chart above). This is because Amazon knows very well that lower priced works make more money overall.
The sweet spot for indie works is $2.99 to $3.99, partly because for direct uploads to the Big Four (Amazon, Barnes&Noble, Apple, Kobo), royalties are generally 65-70% at/above the $2.99 price point. Below that, royalties are 35%.
At $0.99, an indie author makes ~$0.35 per sale.
At $2.99, an indie author makes ~$2.09 per sale.
At $3.99, an indie author makes ~$2.79 per sale.
At $7.99, a trad-pub author makes ~1.39 per sale.
(For comparison, a traditionally published author makes ~6-8% on paperbacks. For ebooks, it's 25% of net, which works out to about 17.5% of list ($14.99 ebook generates $2.62 royalty to trad-pub author). So a $7.99 trad-pub ebook nets the author $1.39).
What Price Should I Use?
With the exception of collections of works (like Wool at $5.99, a five part serial omnibus, or my Mindjack trilogy at $6.99), sales drop off dramatically for works priced higher than $4.99 for relatively "unknown" authors. If you're a popular traditionally published author, you can command higher prices and still move books; a few indie authors can also command those prices. However, I still suspect that those books would sell even better at lower prices and net more money for authors (and publishers).
For individual novels, this seems to be where most books are priced… because this is where overall income is highest. I experimented myself with these price points with my Mindjack series. My first book was priced at $2.99 for a long time (it's now free) – I experimented with the $3.99 price point, but found that I lost sales. Simply put, people were less willing to try this new author, Susan Kaye Quinn, that they hadn't heard of before, when the price was a little bit higher. However, for my second book in the trilogy, sales were the same, whether the price was $2.99 or $3.99. I reasoned that, once they had read the first book, readers were less price sensitive – I was no longer an "unknown" author to them, because they had read one of my works.
The $0.99 price point is popular for temporary sales, or permanently for one book in an author's backlist, to serve as an "introductory" price for that author to new readers. It is also a popular price point for short works – all of the episodes of my nine-part serial are priced at $0.99. Some advertisers, like Bookbub and Pixel of Ink, prefer the $0.99 price point as a sale price – because it's basically an "impulse buy" at that price and will move a lot of copies.
You don't have to go free to be successful. But it's one of the exceptional tools you have as an indie author, so I recommend you at least consider it as part of your overall marketing strategy. From personal experience, I can tell you: 1) you don't have to go free to become a midlist indie author (see Measuring Success; I sold over 28,000 ebooks before experimenting with free), 2) having a free book helps hook readers into trying your other work and serves as an ongoing advertisement, 24/7, that's constantly reaching out to new readers for you.
Publishers have been giving away books as an enticement to get people to read them for a long time. I attended a kidlit conference where a high-ranking NY editor gave away a literal truck-load of paper books to attendees. Why? She was trying to entice us into discovering a new author. And hopefully buy more books.
The difference now is that giving away books is fast and easy. Ebooks don't have to be printed, shipped, and somehow find their way into people's hands. With one click, they're on your Kindle, in your purse, on the way to the doctor's office. If readers like what they see, they'll go on to buy more, especially if the free book is part of a series. I can't tell you how many times a reader has left a review or a comment saying they downloaded a free book of mine, then went on to buy everything else I've written.
Which makes me want to write more books.
What About Downsides For Free?
I would have thought this was obvious, but I hear the counter-argument all the time. Writers (particularly ones who spend time online) see free books everywhere. It's easy to think all those free books mean that no one will ever be willing to pay for a book again. Why should they, when authors are giving away the farm? Some readers will actually say this out loud: I don't buy books anymore! I just download free ones! First: don't believe them. They never bought books; they got them from the library or they pirated them. Second: if they're only willing to read the freebies, they are not the kind of avid readers who will eagerly await your next work. They are not the loyal readers you will build a fanbase from. If they only come for the free yogurt, they weren't a potential customer anyway.
Be wary of the pursuit of rankings at all costs (which is one reason people sometimes go free with their first book). Numbers are seductive, and we tend to think that the "visibility" of being on a list outweighs all other things, so being high on a free list must be a good thing, right? Only if you have something else for readers to buy. The truth is being on a list will net you additional sales/downloads, but it's just one part of an overall strategy to reach new readers.
I have seen more negative reviews since going free with my novel Open Minds. Then again, I've also seen a lot more positive reviews. But it is true that people will download free books without (sometimes) reading the description. Then ding you with a review because they didn't expect your young adult novel to actually be a young adult novel. On balance, I've found the abundance of new readers more than compensates for a few bad reviews.
The reason I have a free book (beyond providing a sample to readers) is because I make more money (increased sales on my other books) when I have a free book. I'm far from the only one to make this observation – many, many indie authors with series set their first book free and sell a lot of books because of it.
Free makes it easy for people to share news about your work. When Wool went permafree, I went crazy telling everyone about it. Why? Because I was already a huge fan. I knew people would download it, love it, and buy more. Hugh Howey was already a bestselling author, but setting his book free gave me yet another reason to tell people about his work. And once someone downloads your book to their Kindle, you now have an ad for your book on their device for all eternity (or until they delete it). Every time they scroll through the Carousel, they'll stumble on your book and think, Hey, maybe I'll read that book now.
Samples sell. Whether it's the blurb, or the first chapter, or the first novel in a series, the biggest thing that sells your books is the words themselves. If a reader likes your story or your style, they'll come back for more. Yogurt on the customer's tongue sells more yogurt.
Free ad sites=pools of readers you don't normally have access to. Since it's important to always be looking for new pools of readers, this is one of the big advantages of having a free book. There are lots of free ad sites, but the big Kahunas of free ads are Pixel of Ink and Bookbub. It may seem crazy to pay money (Bookbub) to run an ad for your free book – I can tell you from personal experience that I've more than made my money back on that ad from carry over sales to my other books. POI and Bookbub can move thousands of books. THOUSANDS. There are very few places/people that can do that, in the indie or traditional worlds.
* If you have 5% sell-through from downloads, you're doing very well. Meaning for every 100 downloads of Book#1, maybe 10% actually read the book, and 50% of those will buy the second book, so you get 5 sales of Book#2.
* It's hard to get traction in the smaller markets (Apple, especially), but having a free book can help.
* Similarly, it's hard to get traction internationally (UK, DE), and having a free book can help there too.
* Big ads like POI and Bookbub can move a lot of free books at once and give you a boost in visibility, but having a free book day in and day out can also move a lot of books over time. The high rankings that come with a one-day ad will fade, but having a book always free is like having a 24/7 ad that's always working for you. Rankings are nice, but the true thing that sells your other novels is having a free sample in readers' hands.
Not every book that goes free will sell-through to other books. The book still matters – a lot. At the same time, free books do not devalue books or the author's work; it's just a large sample. Don't give it away unless you have more to sell. Free books are a marketing tool that, when used effectively, can help you build an amazingly broad fanbase of readers. When used ineffectively, the worst they will do is collect electronic dust on lots of kindles.
Loads of information here, Susan. Awesome! Thanks so much. I tweeted it for you.
I admire how much you share about the things you've learned. THANK YOU!!
I love this post (really, this whole series!). So much. Will share it on FB and Twitter when I can access them (after work today!).
I've had a lot of people advise me that the first thing I put up there must be put up free – at least for a little while and that just makes no sense to me because, like you said, there is no marketing bonus for me other than to get in the top 100 free.
This posts confirmed for me my original plan to go free with book one only when book two is released. Until then, do other stuff to promo (like sales and ads with Bookbub) and be happy with a slower climb of sales in the beginning.
You bring up a good point – the pursuit of rankings at all costs. Numbers are seductive, and we tend to think that the "visibility" of being on a list outweighs all other things. The truth is being on list will net you a few additional sales, but it's just one part of an overall strategy to reach new readers.
Adding this into the post – thanks!
I've been considering having my first book free the week before the second is coming out-thanks for the timely advice.
Susan, I learned about Wool being perma free on your blog and downloaded it. As soon as I finished book 1, I immediately downloaded the omnibus. AND my son downloaded book one and is now on book 2. Which proves your point!!


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SubTopic All Subtopics
Get started Bring yourself up to speed with our introductory content.
For CIOs, joining corporate boards introduces new challenges
Nicole Laskowski
News Director
How three digital leaders overcame resistance to ... – SearchCIO
Channel matchmaker serves up a trio – MicroscopeUK
St George - inventor of the iPod – ComputerWeekly.com
Context-Aware Security Provides Next-Generation Protection –Citrix
Top 8 Things You Need to Know When Selecting Data Center SSDs –Western Digital
Weighing the Options for an Enterprise Mobility Strategy –SearchSecurity.com
Mobile Device Management: Fundamental steps for success –SearchSecurity.com
Companies are becoming more reliant on technology, and that's opening up new doors for chief information officers. Not only are CIOs sometimes touted as being next in line for CEO, but corporate boards are turning to CIOs to help them stay ahead of the technology curve.
For CIOs interested in stretching their careers in the board room direction, it's not a bad idea to gather advice from those in the know. Media maven Larry Kramer is one such expert. Kramer, a board member at TheStreet, Gannett Co. Inc., Harvard Business Publishing and Syracuse University, recently provided a room full of chief digital officers (another C-level executive interested in the board room) with tips on how to make the leap . Although directed at CDOs, Kramer's advice applies just as easily to CIOs.
Know what you bring to the table
"The best thing you can do if you want to be on a board is to have as broad of an experience as you can," Kramer said at the recent CDO Summit in New York City. "Have specialty areas you're good at, but prove that you're somebody who solves across a series of problems even though you have an expertise."
Kramer brings a range of media skills to the table that he's gathered from print, television and the Web. He's also well versed in building a digital business, having served as the president of digital media at CBS, which means he knows first-hand what the successes and failures of making such a transition look like.
But it's not just the broad range of experience that serves corporate boards well, it's also his depth of knowledge. Kramer started his career in 1974 as a reporter for the San Francisco Examiner and went on to work at variety of name-brand establishments like The Washington Post, USA Today and CBS MarketWatch (which he co-founded and served as CEO). "It's one of the few jobs left where being older is, in fact, a help to the job," he said. "It's the experience that matters. You're selling your experience."
Know your place with the CEO
Board members are bosses to the CEO, and part of the job is to offer guidance. "If you ever go in and get interviewed for a board seat and you're talking to the CEO, let him or her know that you understand your job is to support him or her," Kramer said. Support doesn't equate to loyalty; instead, aspiring board members should strive to become a CEO's sounding board, an advisor willing to listen to ideas and ask insightful questions or provide insightful comments.
If they're strategic, CEOs will lean on board members as sounding boards. "If he's got a big idea or she's got a big idea and if he or she is smart, he or she will work through it with a bunch of board members, engage them. … Then, when it's presented formally, it's presented with support from other people on the board," Kramer said.
Know who you answer to
CIOs will need to make the transition from the management table to the board table. As a manager, CIOs generate and then execute on their ideas. As a board member, they can still generate good ideas, but how — and when — those ideas are executed is out of their control. "Your temptation is to say, 'Just give me that conference room, and I'll get it done,'" Kramer said. "But you can't. And they don't want that."
By "they," Kramer is referring, in part, to the shareholders, bosses to corporate boards. The shareholders bring a unique set of challenges to the job that new board members may not have experienced before. "You're going to have people who want to cash out in five years, others who want to make money in the next two quarters, and others who want that stock to steadily grow for 20 years," Kramer said. "You have to deal with those realities, and your ability to measure those things is critical."
It's a different dynamic than working with — or for — the executive management team, Kramer said. He advises new board members get to know who the shareholders are and what they're trying to get out of the company. Doing so can create a useful line of communication between the CEO and the shareholders. Said Kramer: "That will help the CEO if you can go and say, 'If you did this, these shareholders will be happy.'"


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CS Magoha now says schools may not reopen in January as expected
August 7, 2020 National No Comments
The planned January reopening of primary and secondary schools may have to be pushed further, this is according to remarks made by Education Cabinet Secretary Prof. George Magoha who spoke to the National Assembly Education Committee.
Prof. Magoha said the decision to allow learners back to class is largely dependent on the COVID-19 curve in the country, also mentioning that lack of funds to support expansion of infrastructure in schools is a big impediment.
With the 2020 academic calendar virtually wiped off, it now seems like the more than 15 million learners in primary and secondary schools in the country have something else to worry about.
The possibility that these learners could remain home beyond January is now looming large, as was the case for those in colleges and universities whose September reopening date was pushed forward.
Prof. Magoha admitted to these facts when responding to questions by the MPs during the virtual meeting on Thursday, remaining non-committal on whether there is a definite date for reopening of basic education learning institutions in the country.
The CS cited the spike in the daily coronavirus cases as one of the reasons that could push the reopening date further saying should the steady rise continue through the months of September to January, and with the lack of a vaccine to contain the virus, the current school set ups may not support learning as many public institutions have so far not achieved any required set standards.
Prof. Magoha added that there is need for more allocation of infrastructural funds to help expand school facilities.
Following the request by private schools for a credit facility from the government, the CS hinted that discussions are already on course at the Cabinet level and should an agreement be reached then private institutions in the country will receive a Ksh.7 billion credit facility to those that are already facing a financial crisis
So far, over 124 private schools have closed down due to lack of finances to support their operations.
Tags:Schools reopening date still unknown, schools may not reopen in January says CS Magoha
Details emerge on why Uhuru rejected plan to reopen schools
Teachers Arena September 30, 2020
Transfer of teachers will continue, says PS
Teachers Arena July 13, 2018
CS Magoha dismisses his dismissal by PSC says only president has such powers
Teachers Arena November 14, 2020
Circular: New revised term dates for schools and colleges for years 2020 to 2023
Teachers Arena December 5, 2020


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Q: Adwords Script Scheduling by Adwords API Is there a way by which i can control,that is schedule, run or pause the adwords Script using Adwords API.
My requirement is that i want to run some task through adwords API and want to make sure that whenever my task is running adwords script should not make any change. And as soon as the task is over (which may take days), i want to resume the script.
Currently i am maintaining this by disabling the script manually before running and i want to automate this that is disable script for account before running and resuming it as the task completes.
UPDATE:
I would also like to do the same thing for automated rules.

A: you could do this through the Google Spreadsheet API:

*

*Create an spreadsheet

*When the AdWords API is running, it can write "running" in cell A1

*When the AdWords API finishes running, it can delete this value

And at AdWords Script side:
- When the AdWords Script starts running, it can read this cell, and stop running IF value in cell A1 is "running".
Hope you find it useful

A: You can't schedule scripts / rules with AdWords API.
One thing you could do for Scripts though - put a file in Google Drive that'll serve as a lock:
BIG_TASK {
  Drive.putFile("lock")
  doThings();
  Drive.removeFile("lock")
}

SCRIPT {
  if (Drive.fileExists("lock")) {
    return;
  }
  doOtherThings();
}

No easy answer for rules though.


text:
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The Business Value of IT
By Gina Harris, Director of Information Technology, Talking Rain Beverage Company
Gina Harris, Director of Information Technology, Talking Rain Beverage Company
Delivering technology-enabled innovation and accelerating speed to market. Optimizing and automating processes to improve productivity and efficiency. Providing technology training to facilitate collaboration, teamwork and secure computing. Leveraging data to providing insights into what's happened in the past and why, and what could happen in the future and how. These are examples of the business value delivered by Talking Rain Beverage Company's information technology team.
We rely on these basic tenets to guide our actions:
1. Buy vs Build, Subscribe vs Host
2. Source Commodity Services Externally
3. Build a Nimble Operating Model
5. Align with the Business Strategy
6. Recruit and Retain the Right IT Talent
As a beverage company, our needs are generally met by packaged systems readily available on the market. Developing and sustaining custom systems is costly and risky, so we buy vs build the systems we need. Furthering that premise, there's no reason for us to invest in hardware and data center infrastructure. We look for Software as a Service solutions to meet our needs wherever we can so we don't bear the burden of capital investments for hosting, and/or the resources required to apply vendor fixes, patches and new releases. For those systems that aren't offered in a subscription model, we use Microsoft's Azure Platform as a Service for hosting.
Managed cloud hosting services. Managed security services. Managed network services. Managed EDI services. Managed print services. Managed telecom services. At Talking Rain, we source commodity IT services externally because frankly companies specializing in providing these services do so better than we can.
Given these services are their core business, they provide more depth on the bench for technical expertise and round the clock coverage. Sourcing commodity services from experts frees up our team to focus on differentiating capabilities and services.
Developing and sustaining custom systems is costly and risky, so we buy instead of building the systems
Each business unit has pent up demand for technology-enabled processes. We're investing at an unprecedented pace, but staying in-step with demand requires responding with an appropriate sense of urgency.
We help by consulting with business units to discern their needs, formally documenting their business requirements, searching the market for innovative solutions, and developing business cases for technology acquisition. We contract seasoned project managers to use agile approaches to deliver features at a fast, but iterative pace so end users can more easily learn and successfully use them.
We seek opportunities to simplify the business of delivering technology innovation and capabilities via fewer, broader scope systems. We exploit all the features of our technology investments to link and connect business units on the same systems. We are primarily a Microsoft shop. From Dynamics NAV and CRM, to Power BI and Office 365, we find ways to exploit system features to meet the needs of many business units. This approach lets us hone deeper technical skills in fewer systems, which lets us provide better service to the business. We apply the same philosophy when working with technology partners, looking for those offering solutions and services that meet a wide spectrum of our needs. Working on richer relationships with fewer partners saves time dedicated to vendor management and allows us to leverage our buying power for better pricing.
Plenty of requests reach our team through assorted channels – the help desk ticketing system, hallway conversations, emails, favors called in. We pride ourselves in maintaining a laser sharp focus on filtering and prioritizing requests based on their service to our overall business strategy and roadmap.
It's incumbent on us to break through the noise and apply our limited resources to those initiatives that will transform our business and help us achieve our goals and objectives. Sure, there are times when a business skunkworks project makes sense, but it still requires an earnest review of relevancy to our overall business strategy. We're more than order takers; we're business consultants bringing technology to solve problems and enable bold moves toward competitive advantage.
Easier said than done. Let it be known that internal IT departments in non-technology companies offer an interesting value proposition to their teams. Those wanting to pursue strictly technical careers may be best served by working for technology companies. Those interested in transforming a business, and who revel in the opportunity to affect change at what can seem like warp speed, will be rewarded. Our team works with lots of innovative technologies serving the needs of all business units - research & development, sales, marketing, public relations, supply chain, finance, legal, human resources and so on. This variety, coupled with the pace of change and the magnitude of impact, is appealing to many. Our recruiting efforts target candidates with a mix of business acumen and technical skills. In all cases, we place a high value on soft skills. We seek candidates with excellent people skills, critical thinking, high energy, creativity, patience, initiative, resourcefulness, and a collaborative approach to working with others.
Recently IT worked closely with our sales organization to deliver Microsoft Surface Pro 4 devices in exchange for their laptops. In addition to saving a full day each week by eliminating time-consuming admin tasks, our reps use their Surfaces to access critical information in real time, enhancing their customer service and allowing them to close deals. Interfacing with customers in the aisle of a retail store is easier with Surfaces. Sharing information is faster, it's presented professionally, and taking notes with the stylus makes the conversation with the customer take center stage, not the technology. The sales team is thrilled! That reinforces IT's commitment to affecting positive change and delivering business value.
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This problem bakes in the sun for most of the day making it a good stop at the end of the day or on a cloudy day. Start on good holds at the left side of the face. Move through two pockets and hit a thin slot up and right. From here make a shoulder move to a big hold for the left hand, one more move leads to good holds for the top out.
This problem is adjacent to the Lost Cause Boulder. Problem is opposite the start of Lip Sync and Banana Juice.


text:
Carol Rossi
Brass ship's bell
In the age of the great sailing ships, mechanical clocks were uncommon on board vessels and sailors lacked pocket watches. To help the sailors tell what time it was, a system using the ship's bell was developed to indicate the hour and the changes of the watch. The shipboard day was divided into six, 4-hour "watches", or duty periods, starting at noon. The bell was rung every half hour of the watch starting with one bell at 12:30 p.m. and adding a blow at each half hour so an even number of bells was struck on the hour, and an odd number on the half hour. This sequence continued up to 4:00 p.m. when eight bells were struck, signaling the end of the watch. A new group of sailors would come on duty and the sequence would start over again with one bell at 4:30 p.m. continuing until 8 bells at 8:00 p.m., and then again until 8 bells at midnight.
A sailor on duty would hear the following
1 bell
2 bells
He could tell the time by listening to the bells and knew just how long before he would be relieved by the next watch. Then the sequence would start over for the next watch:
"Eight bells" in nautical parlance means "finished", as in the end of the watch. You may also see it in a sailor's obituary ("He was called to the final eight bells") or in a ship's decommissioning ("It rang its last eight bells").
The one other exception to the sequence was at midnight on New Year's Eve when 16 bells would be struck signifying 8 bells for the old year and 8 for the new year.
The exception in true nautical time was the dog watch, which was between 4:00 p.m. and 8:00 p.m. This watch was divided (or dogged) into two, 2-hour watches to allow the crew to take their evening meal. At the end of the first dog watch (6:00 p.m.) only four bells were struck. Then the bells were struck as 6:30 p.m. one bell, 7:00 p.m. two bells, 7:30 p.m. three bells, and at 8:00 p.m. eight bells. The dog watches also made an odd number of watches in the 24 hours, giving each sailor a different watch every day so nobody was stuck with an unfavorable watch all the time.
As mechanical clocks became more reliable this bell pattern was transferred into ship's bell clocks. Most "domestic" ship's bell clocks do not denote true nautical time because they delete the dog watch sequence. But the clocks are prized for their elegant ability to strike the time in a pattern of pairs for easier counting, with the odd bells at the end of the sequence. So, for example, at 2:00 p.m. you will hear ding-ding, and at 2:30 p.m. you will hear ding-ding (pause) ding.
Bells on Ships
Bells have a centuries-long tradition of varied use in the navies and merchant fleets of the world.
Brass 8" Ship's Bell
Solid brass construction. Hand turned, buffed, and polished.
BrassBell.com
Brass bells and nautical supplies
gepeTooRs on May 12, 2016:
I'm extremely impressed with your writing skills and also with the layout on your blog. Is this a paid theme or did you modify it yourself? Anyway keep up the nice quality writing, it is rare to see a great blog like this one these days..
Abduru on January 10, 2015:
Tool and here's a list of possible kodrewys around digital photography (Read my Market Samurai Review here):Market Samurai allows you to do a full keyword research for Long tail kodrewysAs you can see, the
Karunakarreddy on December 31, 2014:
much what you can do with Market Samurai, aside from many other useful thgins you can ready on my Market Samurai Review.I know you can get overwhelmed by the quantity of functions and buttons you have on MS, but after
Futamarka on March 17, 2013:
Стоит также помнить про яички, анус и зону между анусом и мошонкой - это очень личные зоны, поэтому перед их активным использованием проведите сначала разведку, чтоб узнать насколько это приятно вашему партнеру.
Felton Graham on November 25, 2011:
My family for generations have been seafarers and even I had to work on deck in my youth. My Dad died at a young age in 1972 and I took his ships clock and glasses home with me. I have hauled them around all these years and this week decided to mount them and remember the old times long gone. It dawned on me that I could not read the bells. Got to this site and now it makes sense. When I look at them and listen I still see him standing in the pilot house at the wheel and I remember.
plumbing on July 09, 2011:
I've never experience knowing the time by just hearing how many ring does the bell did. But maybe for people who actually live their life in a ship this is very important.
Fancy Dress on July 03, 2011:
I never wanted to know all about these things because in my life i have planned never to ride on ships. But i'm amazed how they tell time using just a bell.
double glazing on June 19, 2011:
People from the past are really intelligent. Using some alternatives and inventing devices makes our technology now even better. Thanks to them that we had an idea how our gadgets would be like now.
Party Bags on June 04, 2011:
A ship's bell is usually made of bronze, and often has the ship's name engraved or cast on it. The ship's cook (or his staff) traditionally has the job of shining the ship's bell.
canvas wall art on May 19, 2011:
Great insights,My father was a seaman but I didn't ask him about his work All I know is he goes there and come back here after a year.maybe it's a good topic to discuss and have a little info about it.
school bells on December 29, 2010:
Brilliant post,Knowing that ship bell plays an important role in the vessel as their running clock,it must be preserve and teach to the next generations for them to continue to know information about it,even at this time that we are in modern age.


text:
Simultaneity as an Invariant Equivalence Relation
Marco Mamone-Capria
Foundations of Physics 42 (11):1365-1383 (2012)
Marco Mamone
Perugia University
This paper deals with the concept of simultaneity in classical and relativistic physics as construed in terms of group-invariant equivalence relations. A full examination of Newton, Galilei and Poincaré invariant equivalence relations in ℝ4 is presented, which provides alternative proofs, additions and occasionally corrections of results in the literature, including Malament's theorem and some of its variants. It is argued that the interpretation of simultaneity as an invariant equivalence relation, although interesting for its own sake, does not cut in the debate concerning the conventionality of simultaneity in special relativity
Keywords Special relativity Simultaneity Invariant equivalence relations Malament's theorem
Simultaneity in Philosophy of Physical Science
arxiv.org (no proxy)
arxiv.org [2] (no proxy)
citeseerx.ist.psu.edu (no proxy)
link.springer.com [2] (no proxy)
Autobiographical Notes.Max Black, Albert Einstein & Paul Arthur Schilpp - 1950 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 15 (2):157.
Causal Theories of Time and the Conventionality of Simultaneity.David Malament - 1977 - Noûs 11 (3):293-300.
Axiomatization of the Theory of Relativity.Hans Reichenbach - 1969 - University of California Press.
Conventionality of Simultaneity.Allen Janis - 2008 - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
Did Malament Prove the Non-Conventionality of Simultaneity in the Special Theory of Relativity?Sahotra Sarkar & John Stachel - 1999 - Philosophy of Science 66 (2):208-220.
View all 9 references / Add more references
Simultaneity in Minkowski Spacetime: From Uniqueness to Arbitrariness. [REVIEW]Fabien Besnard - 2012 - Foundations of Physics 42 (9):1115-1134.
On the Fundamental Theorem of the Theory of Relativity.Marco Mamone-Capria - 2016 - Foundations of Physics 46 (12):1680-1712.
Uniqueness of Simultaneity.Domenico Giulini - 2001 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 52 (4):651-670.
David Malament and the Conventionality of Simultaneity: A Reply. [REVIEW]Adolf Grünbaum - 2001 - Foundations of Physics 40 (9-10):1285-1297.
Causality and Temporal Order in Special Relativity.Hanoch Ben-Yami - 2006 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 57 (3):459-479.
Simultaneity Relations Relative to Multiple Observers.Chunghyoung Lee - 2008 - Proceedings of the Xxii World Congress of Philosophy 43:101-107.
Relative Simultaneity in the Special Relativity.Frank Jackson & Robert Pargetter - 1977 - Philosophy of Science 44 (3):464-474.
Is Simultaneity Conventional Despite Malament's Result?Robert Rynasiewicz - unknown
A New Look at Simultaneity.Kent A. Peacock - 1992 - PSA: Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association 1992:542 - 552.
Absolute Simultaneity and the Principle of Stable Causality.Michael Webermann - unknown
A Metamathematical Condition Equivalent to the Existence of a Complete Left Invariant Metric for a Polish Group.Alex Thompson - 2006 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 71 (4):1108 - 1124.


This is a 2009 Pontiac G8 GT. Was purchased new from Velde Pontiac Cadillac GMC in Pekin Illinois back in 2009. Only driven in fair weather, Never driven in snow, or rain. Cars condition is immaculate, no chips, dings or dents. Car is brand new. Car has had 3 oil changes since new. When I bought it I purchased a new Red/black shifter handle. Car was purchased with Premium and Sport package which included the 19 rims, summer only tires, leather seats, front heated seats, 6 way power driver and passenger seat, and leather shift lever. I also opted for the rare sunroof(it slides back into the car, and tilts up). Car also has rare red/black interior. Color is Magnetic Grey Metallic. Dealership put a thin pinstripe down both sides of the car. Car has received NO modifications and is as I bought it from the dealer. Questions please ask. If you wish to schedule time to look at the car let me know. Contact me at 815 seven, four, seven, two, seven, three, one.
Payment to be either cash or bank transfer.


text:
TriangleList::TriangleList()
{
    offset = 6;
}

TriangleList::~TriangleList()
{
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


We took the family skiing for Spring Break. Well, all but the little guy, he stayed home with his bestie.
My oldest son, Zac, grew more bold as the week went on, trying jumps and black diamonds. He was having the most fun, improving faster than the others, and….wiping out. A LOT.
I think we (as people, leaders, parents, entrepreneurs, and everything in between) forget that it's ok to take chances and learn by failing. In fact, it's just about the only way to get good at anything.
Key point: If you aren't experiencing failure, then you are being driven by the desire to avoid it.


text:
Transparency is key when it comes to the definition of car modifications
Apparently, a small modification to a car could affect a person's car insurance premium. This is the conclusion drawn by an exclusive investigation into car modification by Auto Express, the British Insurance Brokers' Association (BIBA) and Ageas Insurance.
They point out that when it comes to car insurance some things are not as clear cut to motorists. This is because, unhelpfully, there is no standard consensus among insurers when it comes to what is classified as a modification.
There are two camps, it appears. One believes that a modification is any change to the car "since it was first supplied by the vehicle manufacturer". But the investigation found that there were others who also considered factory fitted options as modifications.
This includes optional extras fitted by the manufacturer or dealer which improves the cars value, performance or appearance. Sunroofs and even metallic paint can be considered an 'optional extra'!
If you're scratching your head at this definition – imagine how the customer must feel! Apparently, insurers dislike modifications because they can make the cars more attractive to thieves.
But it gets worse. Football season may be in full swing but according the research putting a football sticker to show support for your club can count against you as well.
We may all be talking more about politics too, now that Brexit has polarized the country, but emblazoning your allegiance to the 'Remain' or 'Brexit' camp with a bumper sticker is also a no-no.
This is all because insurers deem it to be too much of a risk because it increases the chances of a car being vandalised. As Auto Express wrote on its site, it's 'Keep your opinions to yourself, or be prepared to share them with your insurer first'. Overall, their advice is that if you're in any doubt – speak to your insurer.
That's definitely sound advice. But why is it not possible for the insurance industry (both broker and insurer) to make their policies a little clearer? Sure, policy documents littered with terms and conditions do exist on websites, so that's a start. But let's be honest – who really trawls through all of that to make sure they understand everything?
Auto Express points out that a while ago, the industry did collaborate when it came to one modification that people would typically make without thinking about whether this would affect their premium.
They came together to agree on winter tyres. Over 70 insurance companies signed an agreement in 2011 which stated that they would not increase premiums if winter tyres were fitted to cars. This was all provided, of course, that they met with the manufacturer's approval. It's a shame more such collaboration to standardise all the rules (and reduce confusion) can't be done.
What can be done, however, is some tinkering (pun intended) to online insurance forms. Changes could be made to make things clearer and highlight to the customer the extent to which insurers go when it comes to their classification of a modification.
Don't like Manchester United car stickers or sunroofs? Then tell the customer! Highlight it upfront. Don't bury it in the terms and conditions.
Perhaps some insurers already do this to some extent, but if they did and there was no confusion – would it have been necessary for such a collaboration and investigation into this matter? Probably not…
Image by Ryan McGuire from Pixabay
11 + six =


Just how much time will Pitta miss?
Ravens tight end Dennis Pitta could miss the rest of training camp and is now a question mark for the Sept. 10 season opener after he suffered what appears to be a broken hand in Monday's practice.
The 27-year-old tight end, who became one of quarterback Joe Flacco's favorite targets in his second season, is scheduled to undergo a magnetic resonance imaging test Tuesday, but it's believed that he'll soon undergo surgery to repair the damage.
Losing Pitta for any length of time would be a significant blow to the Ravens' offense. A good route runner with exceptional hands, Pitta combined with Ed Dickson to form one of the more productive tight end tandems in the NFL last year.
With Pitta sidelined, the Ravens are left with four healthy tight ends: Dickson, veteran Davon Drew and undrafted rookie free agents Bruce Figgins (Georgia) and Matt Balasavage (Temple).
Stay tuned for the results of tomorrow's MRI.


I'm still a bit too gimpy for real hiking, but I managed a walk along the bike path along the Bow today. It was supposed to be horrible weather, but it has been nice all day. We just sort of wandered down and around the trail, stopping to procure pretty coloured socks.
Molly is attacking the pile of recycling on my desk and Zoe has retreated out of the attention span of a very hyper little kitten. I swear - I haven't even cat nipped the scratching post in a while.


New Bestop TigerTop Soft Top Kit.
The TigerTop allows owners of early model vehicles to get the latest in softtop technology. Attaches to the vehicle using reinforced hidden snaps for a clean, custom appearance. Heat sealed, DOT approved windows roll up for ventilation and that "safari" look. Other features include Haartz Fabric, marine grade thread, mandrel bent and powder coated hardware and large YYK zippers. Comes with fabric and all hardware necessary for installation. Full soft doors included. Made in the USA.
Questions: I have a CJ2A 1947. Do they still make the Top in Tan or light Brown ? I bought one from you some years ago. Also can I just buy the top or do I have to get the doors with it ?
This style top only comes in Black. We do have original style tops and top bows in canvas. Those are available in tan, grey, black, or olive drab.
Please email mike@kaiserwillys.com and I can try to help you out.
Questions: Hi! I do not have the door frames (in fact I have nothing regarding the top), does this Kit include the them? Or do I have to get the door frames separately? Thanks!
Yes, this is a complete kit with doors and everything all in one box.
Questions: Are the bows that come with this soft top the same ones used for the canvas summer top?
No, bestop uses their own bow set up.
Please email mike@kaiserwillys.com - We can see what all you are looking for and help you out. Thanks!
Questions: Hello, I have a 1945 Willys MB, so is there some sort of adapter in the kit to allow this top to work with the windshield of the MB since it is shorter than the cj2a? Thanks!
Yes, it is adjustable to fit.
Questions: I would need to know the dimensions of the packaged product, and if you can send it to New York. I ask the packed size because from New York I would bring it to Argentina on a commercial flight.
They are 50 pounds & L: 56" W: 38" H: 6"
I would probably get the top then build the roll bar. That way you know you wont have any clearance issues. Its the only way to be sure. Typically as long as its to the inside of the wheel well approx 2 inches from the side body lip and no taller than the windshield frame it should not interfere.
Questions: Can I buy the canvas top only?
We sell the original style summer tops by themselves. But for the Bestop tops they dont sell those by themselves.
Questions: I am looking to buy a soft Top,top and rear only for my 1947 cj2a willys ( spare tire on right rear with a tailgate)I am in Montreal hwo has a top for sale ??? and where??? I also reqire the hardware on top of my Wind shield thanks Hans!
Not sure i understand the question. Please call us or email mike@kaiserwillys.com and we can try to help.
We can custom make you a hybrid canvas top for it. You would have to change the frame to make this item fit properly.
Questions: Are the support bows included with the soft top?
Questions: We have a 48 CJ2A with a soft top. The canvas is in good shape but the windows are amber from uv and the back window is so stale it shattered. Is it possible to have new windows installed instead of replacing the whole top?
Chances are its an unoriginal top on your vehicle and you would have to have a local upholstery shop fix. Email mike@kaiserwillys.com some pics and I can ID for you. Thanks!
Questions: Are the support bows the fold-down type or do they have to be removed to let the top down ?
They are the fold down style. They can also be removed as well.
Questions: I have a 1947 jeep willys that has an aftermarket fiberglas body. I want to get a full soft top for it. Does your tiger top kit come with snaps for a fiberglas body or will this not work.
It does come with snaps. Im sure you could attach them with no problem.
Questions: I've seen other applications that state we need to buy the door channels separate. Just want to make sure before I order this from you. Thanks Mike!
These are complete kits. It has everything you need for install.
Questions: I bought a 48 cj2ca willys for my husband and was wondering about getting a top for it. soft ,canvas$?, hard top $??? What is the price difference? And do you know where I could find a hard top? Thanks for your time, D.
Hard tops are gonna be really hard to find. This is probably the best way to go for a fully enclosed top. We also make custom original canvas tops too. Please call us toll free. We can help.
Questions: My CJ2a has snaps for a soft top on the tub. Did the CJ2a come with snaps from the factory? Will this soft top match my snaps?
That is unoriginal. Someone has put those on thru the years. This top does use stamps to attach at the side of the body.
Questions: My 45 MB currently has a Kayline top. What will I need to change to the Bestop? Will it require removing the snaps and welding the holes prior to installing the new snaps?
The box will have everything you need to install. You will probably have to remove any old hardware put on there thru the years.
Questions: My '48 cj2a has a roll bar and I am wondering if your soft top will require me to take it off?
No it should go right around it no problem.
Questions: Can you take the doors off and leave the top on?
Yes that is correct. They are easily removable.
Questions: Does the soft top come in military colours like sand or olive?
No, they are only made in Black. I do have original canvas tops that we custom made in olive drab. Please call us toll free.
Questions: I have a 47 CJ-2A do i need a roll bar to install this top?
No, there is no roll bar required. The kit has everything you need for install including bows.
Questions: where can I find replacement zippers for s soft top for a 1948 cj2a. Top is in good shape, but the sippers need replaced on both doors and the back zippers.
They didn't really use zippers originally. Please email mike@kaiserwillys.com pictures of your top and I can try to ID for you.


text:
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Bunreacht na hÉireann
Iris Oifigiúil / Official Gazette
Year(s) or range
Click on title below to return to Act
Updated to 26 June 2019 (Act No. 18 of 2019 and S.I. No. 292 of 2019)
Adoption Act 1991
No. 14 of 1991
Amendments and other effects
Commencement Information
Whole Act 30 May 1991 Commenced on enactment
How Affected
Affecting Provision
Appl. 3/2004, ss. 1(2), 33 (4)
Repealed with savers 21/2010, ss. 2, 7(1), 90(2), 176 and sch. 1, pt. 1
Transitional provisions for foreign adoptions appl. 21/2010, ss. 2, 63(2)(a)
S. 1, def. of "foreign adoption" am. 10/1998, s.10 (a)
S. 1, def. of "place" substit. 10/1998, s.10 (b)
S. 1, def. of "health board" del. 42/2004, ss. 3 (1), 75, sch. 7, pt. 5
S. 2, substit. retro. 10/1998, s.11
Ss. 2, 3, 4, 4 A, 5 appl. 3/2004, ss. 1 (2), 33 (1) (a)
S. 4A, new s. retro. 10/1998, s.12
S. 5(1), am. retro. 10/1998, s.13 (1) (a) (2)
S. 5(1)(b)(iii)(II)(B) am. 42/2004, ss. 3 (1), 75, sch. 7, pt. 5
S. 5(1)(iii)(I) (II), am. retro. 10/1998, s.13 (1) (b) (2)
S. 5(2), am. retro. 10/1998, s.13 (1) (b) (2)
Ss. 6, 7 rep. 3/2004, ss. 1 (2), 4, 5, sch. 2
S. 6(2)(a)(i), par. substit. retro. 10/1998, s.14 (1) (a) (2)
S. 6(6), subsec. del. retro. 10/1998, s.14 (1) (b) (2)
S. 7(1)(b), par. substit. 10/1998, s.15 (a)
S. 7(1A) (1B), subsecs. ins. 10/1998, s.15 (b)
S. 8(4) del. 42/2004, ss. 3 (1), 75, sch. 7, pt. 5
S .8(1) (2) am. 42/2004, ss. 3 (1), 75, sch. 7, pt. 5
S. 9(1) am. S. I. No. 254 of 1993, art. 4
S. 9(3A), subsec. ins. 10/1998, s.16
S. 10 appl. 3/2004, ss. 1 (2), 33 (1) (a)
S. 9(3) Adoption Regulations 1993 (S.I. No. 254 of 1993)


SANTIAGO, Chile (AP) — Pope Francis has celebrated the first-ever airborne papal wedding, marrying two flight attendants from Chile's flagship airline during a flight from Santiago.
Bride Paola Podest and groom Carlos Ciuffardi said "I do" Thursday morning after telling Francis that they had been married in a civil service in 2010. However they said they were unable to follow up with a church ceremony because of the 2010 earthquake that hit Chile.
Francis then offered to marry the LATAM flight attendants aboard the aircraft en route to the northern city of Iquique, and they both readily agreed. The head of the airline served as the witness.
Ciuffardi told journalists in the aisle of the Airbus 321 that Francis told him it was, "historic" and no pope had ever before married a couple aboard a plane.


text:
package cloud.artik.example.hellocloud.Util;

import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentManager;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentPagerAdapter;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentStatePagerAdapter;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by pc on 2017-09-06.
 */

public class ViewPagerAdapter extends FragmentStatePagerAdapter {
    List<Fragment> list;

    public ViewPagerAdapter(FragmentManager fragmentManager, List<Fragment> list) {
        super(fragmentManager);
        this.list = list;
    }
    @Override
    public Fragment getItem (int position){return list.get(position);
    }
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    public int getCount(){
        return list.size();
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}


Human Rights Watch has called on the UN Security Council to impose sanction on Syria and to hold the government accountable to the International Criminal Court, following the deaths of more than 800 people in recent weeks.
The organisation released a report on Thursday based on interviews with victims and witnesses.
The report strongly suggests that the systematic killings and torture qualify as crimes against humanity.
According to witnesses, many people were left with lethal head, neck and chest wounds. Civilians were deliberately targeted by security forces who used lethal force against protesters and bystanders, in most cases without warning.
"For more than two months now, Syrian security forces have been killing and torturing their own people with complete impunity," said Sarah Leah Whitson, Middle East director at Human Rights Watch. "They need to stop - and if they don't, it is the Security Council's responsibility to make sure that the people responsible face justice."
The protests first broke out in Daraa in response to the detention and torture of 15 children accused of painting graffiti slogans calling for the government's downfall. In response and since then, security forces have repeatedly and systematically opened fire on overwhelmingly peaceful demonstrators.
Nine witnesses from the towns of Tafas, Tseel, and Sahem al-Golan described an attack which took place on April 29, when thousands of people from towns surrounding Daraa attempted to break the blockade on the city. Witnesses said that the security forces stopped the protesters who were trying to approach Daraa at a checkpoint near the Western entrance of Daraa city.
One of the witnesses from the town of Tseel who participated in the protest said: "We stopped there, waiting for more people to arrive. We held olive branches, and posters saying we want to bring food and water to Daraa. We had canisters with water and food parcels with us. Eventually thousands of people gathered on the road - the crowd stretched for some six kilometers. Then we started moving closer to the checkpoint. We shouted "peaceful, peaceful," and in response they opened fire. Security forces were everywhere, in the fields nearby, on a water tank behind the checkpoint, on the roof of a nearby factory, and in the trees, and the fire came from all sides. People started running, falling, trying to carry the wounded away. Nine people from Tseel were wounded there and one of them died."


text:
Home Intro People Events Equipment Places Maps Books Photos Videos Other Reference FAQ About
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Carl Spaatz
Surname Spaatz
Given Name Carl
Born 28 Jun 1891
Category Military-Air
Contributor: C. Peter Chen
ww2dbaseCarl Andrew Spaatz was born in Boyertown, Pennsylvania. He attended the United States Military Academy at West Point and graduated in 1914. He was assigned to military aviation in Oct 1915. During the expedition to Mexico in 1916 he served in the First Aero Squadron under General John Pershing. Spaatz was promoted to First Lieutenant in July 1916 and to Captain in May 1917. During WW1, he served as the squadron commander of the 31st Aero Squadron and also spent time as the commander of the American Aviation School at Issoudun, France. He received the Distinguished Service Cross for WW1. He was promoted to major in Jul 1920.
ww2dbaseDuring the inter-war years, Spaatz served as commander of various posts and completed the Command and General Staff School at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. He was promoted to lieutenant colonel in September 1935.
ww2dbaseAt the start of WW2 in Europe, Spaatz was sent to observe the Battle of Britain. In Oct 1940 he was promoted to the rank of brigadier general and appointed assistant to the Chief of the Air Corps. One year later, when the United States entered the war after Pearl Harbor, he became the Chief of the Army Air Forces Combat Command with the war time rank of major general. In May 1942, he was named the commander of the Eighth Air Force and then his responsibility grew to cover all US Army Air Forces in Europe; in this role he became a critical component of Dwight Eisenhower's campaign in North Africa and Sicily. In Mar 1945, he was promoted to the rank of general, and in Jul of the same year he was given responsibility over all US Strategic Air Forces in the Pacific with headquarters in Guam. Eisenhower, after the war, commented that Spaatz was one of the most talented and valuable leaders in the European Theater of Operations in WW2.
ww2dbaseAt the end of the war, Spaatz was present at three important surrendering events: the German surrender to the western Allies at Reims, the German surrender to the Russians at Berlin, and the Japanese surrender in Tokyo Bay. He was the only general present at all three surrenders.
ww2dbaseAfter the war, President Harry Truman nominated Spaatz to the permanent rank of major general; with this promotion, he was appointed the commanding general of the Army Air Forces (Feb 1946). In Sep 1947, he became the first Chief of Staff of United States' newly created independent Air Force. He retired from the military in Jun 1948 and passed away in 1974. He rests in peace at the Air Force Academy in Colorado Springs.
ww2dbaseSource: Wikipedia.
Last Major Revision: Jan 2006
Carl Spaatz Timeline
28 Jun 1891 Carl Spaatz was born.
5 Jan 1942 Major General Carl Spaatz assumed command of the USAAF Fifth Air Force, which would be renumbered Eighth Air Force on the following day. Spaatz established his headquarters at Bolling Field, Washington DC, United States.
5 May 1942 USAAF Fifth Air Force, under the command of Major General Carl Spaatz and based at Bolling Field, Washington DC, United States, was renumbered as Eighth Air Force.
5 Jan 1943 General Carl A. Spaatz relinquished his post as commander of the US 8th Air Force on his transfer to the Mediterranean Theatre. He was replaced by Major General Ira C. Eaker.
18 Feb 1943 The Northwest African Air Forces (NWAAF) commanded by Major General Carl A. Spaatz came into existence under the Allied Mediterranean Air Command.
8 Dec 1943 US Lieutenant General Carl Spaatz was appointed Chief of US Strategic Air Forces in Europe.
16 Jul 1945 General Carl Spaatz became the commanding officer of the US Army Strategic Air Forces based at Guam, Mariana Islands.
18 Jul 1945 The headquarters of the US Army Strategic Air Forces in the Pacific was established on Guam, Mariana Islands under General Carl Spaatz.
14 Jul 1974 Carl Spaatz passed away.
See all 15 photographs of Carl Spaatz
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Visitor Submitted Comments
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1. Xavier SAUREL says:
13 Aug 2006 06:58:25 AM
Looking for any informations concerning Spaatzs personal B-17G named Boops after his daughter. B-17G-95DL cn 44-83259. Thank you.
2. James Jones says:
12 Nov 2010 11:35:01 AM
I have this information if you've not already found it. My grandfather was Navigator on this aircraft.
3. Andreas Dort, Giessen/Germany says:
15 Dec 2010 10:13:21 PM
Hi, I´m a WWII USAAF photo collector from germany. Send me a email to [email protected] I have a picture from the cn 44-83259 Andreas
4. John P. DeMuth says:
9 Jul 2011 07:00:50 PM
one thing that is was forgotten was that he was the first Maj. General of the Civil Air Patrol.
5. Dave Tarrant says:
1 Aug 2012 08:33:14 AM
Looking to connect with Mr. James Jones, who entered a comment regarding VB-17G 483259 "Boops" indicating his grandfather was navigator on this aircraft. Dave
4 Nov 2012 10:00:37 AM
Looking to connect with Mr. James Jones, who entered a comment regarding my comment on VB-17G 483259 "Boops" indicating his grandfather was navigator on this aircraft or to Mr. Dave Tarrant who may also help me.
7. Anonymous says:
21 Mar 2016 11:59:48 AM
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