text:
We're building an African movement to fight climate change.
Know more:
If you attend a 350 Africa action for the first time, you might be surprised that there are probably no 350Africa.org staff running the show.
350 is a movement more than an organization. We use grassroots organizing to run locally-driven campaigns in every corner of the globe.
350Africa.org's small team of paid staff supports grassroots activists running their own independent, loosely affiliated organizations and campaigns across the continent.
The climate crisis is about power — but not just the kind of power that keeps the lights on. We believe that the only way we'll see meaningful action on climate change is if we can counter the power of the fossil fuel industry with the power of people taking collective action.
We use online tools to connect that power, help those people see themselves as one movement, and to facilitate public actions.
We're an international movement of ordinary people working to end the age of fossil fuels and build a world of community-led renewable energy for all. Here's How we get there:
Spark a fast & just transition to 100% renewable energy for all.
Stop and ban all new coal, oil + gas projects.
Block fossil fuel money from corrupting everything.
1. A fast & just transition to 100% renewable energy for all
Accelerate the transition to a new, just clean energy economy by supporting community-led energy solutions
2. No new fossil fuel projects anywhere
Stop and ban all oil, coal and gas projects from being built through local resolutions and community resistance.
3. Not a penny more for dirty energy
Cut off the social license and financing for fossil fuel companies — divest, desponsor and defund.
350Africa.org is building an African movement to fight climate change.
We are part of a million-people strong global climate movement that campaigns through grassroots organising and mass public actions in 188 countries.
The number 350 means climate safety: to preserve a liveable planet, scientists tell us we must reduce the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere from its current level of 400 parts per million and rising, to below 350 ppm.
With over 3000 languages spoken across our continent, words don't always get the point across. This wordless animation explains 350Africa.org in 90 seconds:
We are bold, creative and strategic
The climate crisis is immense –– we must be daring and courageous in response. We embrace experiments and new solutions, recognizing that this crisis requires innovative ways of solving problems.
We work for justice
The fight against climate change is a fight for justice. People all over the world are feeling the impacts, but the people suffering most are the ones who have done the least to cause the problem.
The work we do — and the ways we do it — has to address that injustice. That means listening to the communities who are getting hit hardest, amplifying the voices that are being silenced, and following the leadership of the people on the frontlines of the crisis.
We care for and trust one another
We take care of ourselves and our communities, honor one another in our non-violent approach to this work, and share that spirit and learning with others.
No one has all the answers, so we value the experience and knowledge of our partners and our communities. That's why we listen to them –– so we can learn and evolve together.
We are stronger when we collaborate
The climate crisis is not just an environmental issue, or a social justice issue, or an economic issue — it's all of those things at once. The only way we will be strong enough to put pressure on governments and stand up to the fossil fuel industry is if we all work together.
That means bringing people together and building diverse coalitions — from students, to workers unions, human rights and social justice groups; from marginalized communities and faith groups, to universities, business owners and all those who believe in the need for transformational change.
We are transparent and accountable
To ensure the integrity of our work, we strive to be transparent and open, while respecting everyone's right to privacy and ensuring people's safety.
We are accountable to each other, to the people and groups we collaborate with, and to those impacted by our work. We strive to honor the relationships we build with each other.
350.org was founded by a group of university friends in the U.S. along with author Bill McKibben, who wrote one of the first books on global warming for the general public.
When 350 started organizing in 2008, we saw climate change as the most important issue facing humanity — but climate action was mired in politics and all but stalled. We didn't know how to fix things, but we knew that one missing ingredient was a climate movement that reflected the scale of the crisis.
So we started organizing coordinated days of action that linked activists and organizations around the world, including the International Day of Climate Action in 2009, the Global Work Party in 2010, Moving Planet in 2011, and Climate Impacts Day in 2012. We held the "world's biggest art installation" and "the most widespread day of political action in the planet's history." We figured that if we were going to be a movement, then we had to start acting like one. Click here to watch videos of these global mobilisations.
Today, 350.org works in almost every country in the world on campaigns like fighting coal power plants in South Africa, Ghana and India, stopping the Keystone XL pipeline in the U.S, and divesting public institutions everywhere from fossil fuels. All of our work builds up people power to dismantle the influence of the fossil fuel industry, and to develop people-focused solutions to the climate crisis.
Some of our proudest moments of recent years include campaigning against the Keystone XL and Dakota Access pipelines in the United States; stopping fracking in hundreds of cities in Brazil and Argentina; pushing more than 1,000 universities, foundations, cities and churches to divest more than $12 trillion from fossil fuels; and joining historic grassroots mobilizations like the People's Climate March and Global Climate Strike.
Ten Years at 350.org
What does 350Africa.org do?
We're part of 350.org, an international movement of ordinary people working to end the age of fossil fuels and build a world of community-led renewable energy for all.
350 works on grassroots campaigns across the globe, from opposing coal plants and mega-pipelines, to supporting renewable energy solutions and cutting the financial lifelines of the fossil fuel industry. All of our work leverages people power — individuals working together in pursuit of a common goal — to dismantle the influence and infrastructure of the fossil fuel industry. Find more on our About page.
How do I get involved?
At minimum, make sure you're on our mailing list. Browse the rest of this page to see how you can make bigger contributions in a local group setting. From there, what you do and how much you get involved is up to your group's needs, your interests, and how much time you want to put in!
I don't have time to commit to a local group. How can I still be involved?
Whether in person or online, simply talking with those around you about the climate crisis and what's happening in your area is an important step toward making change. Also follow climate action groups like 350Africa.org on social media and share their content for a low-commitment way to show your support.
If there is no local campaign group in your area yet, consider bringing other local supporters together for a one-time event – a potluck meal, film-screening, or roundtable discussion. By building relationships between passionate people in your community, a group is more likely to emerge, even if you're not available to lead it yourself.
If you're in South Africa, you can also donate to keep the movement strong.
Can you help run this campaign for me?
You know your own community better than anyone, so we believe local groups are best suited to run – and win! – their own campaigns. However, we can provide resources and guidance so you're prepared to act on the changes you want to see.
Why aren't you talking about things like recycling and veganism?
Our campaigns focus on building transformative power that challenges the status quo and social license of the fossil fuel industry. That means less focus on personal consumption choices (which are incremental) and more emphasis on collective action (which can tackle massive systemic issues).
Both are important, but we believe that by building a movement linked to these three demands, we can reach political tipping points that allow for change big enough to halt the climate crisis:
A fast and just transition to 100% renewable energy
No new fossil fuel projects, anywhere
Not a penny more in finance for the fossil fuel industry
So should I go ahead and start a local group?
If you can identify a few other dedicated people in your community to help you and are committed to 350Africa.org's basic demands and organizing principles, yes! Get started.
Our vision is to have thousands of local groups standing in solidarity with each other. It does take time, commitment, and energy to steer a group to maturity, but it's precisely that sort of commitment we need if we are to change the course of history.
I already have a local group. Can we join 350Africa.org?
That's great! If you're already in a group, you're probably seeing the benefits of meeting face to face and organising together. Read through the local group guidelines and apply to register your group.
How much support will 350Africa.org offer when I start a group?
We have plenty of trainings and resources available to help you, and we often run campaigns that local groups can easily plug into. Depending on your location and how much staff or volunteer capacity is available, we also might be able to provide coaching and other direct support. But remember, in the end it's you who can build a real local movement where you live.
Will 350Africa.org pay us to run a local group?
No, 350Africa.org cannot pay you to run a group. However, we do have trainings on how to fundraise so your local group can gain its own resources to stand independently.
Can I do my work placement at 350Africa.org or at a local group?
You can join as a volunteer, but we do not offer formal internships or work placements and cannot transfer volunteering into school credits. A local group or partner organization might have a different answer – please contact them directly.


This study furthers the theory of conceptual blending as a useful tool for revealing the structure and process of student reasoning in relation to the Sierpinski triangle (ST). We use conceptual blending to investigate students' reasoning, revealing how students engage with the ST and coordinate their understandings of its area and perimeter. Our analysis of ten individual interviews with mathematics education masters' student documents diverse ways in which students reason about this situation through the constituent processes of blending: composition, completion, and elaboration. This reveals that students who share basic understandings of the area and perimeter of the ST recruit idiosyncratic ideas to engage with and resolve the paradox of a figure with infinite perimeter and zero area.
This research was supported by the Israel Science Foundation grant no. 438/15.
Gerson, H. & Walter, J. (2008). How blending illuminates understandings of calculus. In Electronic Proceedings for the Eleventh Special Interest Group of the Mathematical Association of America on Research in Undergraduate Mathematics. Retrieved from http://rume.org/crume2008/Proceedings/Gerson%20LONG.pdf. Accessed 13 June 2017.


Reni Jacob to Usman Bajwa 2 2 runs.
Reni Jacob to Muhammad Rizwan 1 1 run.
Reni Jacob to Usman Bajwa 1 1 run.
Reni Jacob to Usman Bajwa 0 0 run.
jijo to Imran Aslam 6 Six!
jijo to Muhammad Rizwan 0 0 run.
jijo to Farhan Aslam 1 1 run.
Reni Jacob to Farhan Aslam 1 1 run.
Reni Jacob to Imran Aslam 1 1 run.
Reni Jacob to Imran Aslam 2 2 runs.
Reni Jacob to Nadeem Mohammed 0 0 run.
Febin Raphel to Farhan Aslam 4 Four!
Febin Raphel to Nadeem Mohammed 2 2 runs.
Febin Raphel to Farhan Aslam 6 Six!
Febin Raphel to Nadeem Mohammed 1 1 run.
Febin Raphel to Farhan Aslam 2 2 runs.
Reni Jacob to Farhan Aslam 2 2 runs.
Reni Jacob to Farhan Aslam 6 Six!
Reni Jacob to Farhan Aslam 0 0 run.
Sreeraj Chellappan to Farhan Aslam 1 1 run.
Sreeraj Chellappan to Farhan Aslam 6 Six!
Sreeraj Chellappan to Wajahat Nadeem 1 1 run.
Reni Jacob to IRFAN ILYAS 1 1 run.
Reni Jacob to Farhan Aslam 4 Four!
Reni Jacob to Farhan Aslam wd Wide 1 run.
jijo to IRFAN ILYAS 4 Four!
jijo to IRFAN ILYAS 1 1 run.
jijo to IRFAN ILYAS 2 2 runs.
jijo to IRFAN ILYAS 0 0 run.
Sreeraj Chellappan to IRFAN ILYAS 1 1 run.
Sreeraj Chellappan to IRFAN ILYAS 0 0 run.
Loluck Dcunha to Farhan Aslam 6 Six!
Loluck Dcunha to IRFAN ILYAS 1 1 run.
Loluck Dcunha to Farhan Aslam 1 1 run.
Sreeraj Chellappan to Farhan Aslam 0 0 run.
Sreeraj Chellappan to IRFAN ILYAS 2 2 runs.
Sreeraj Chellappan to Farhan Aslam 1wd Wide 2 runs.
Sreeraj Chellappan to Farhan Aslam 1lb Legbye 1 run.
Aji Alex to IRFAN ILYAS 0 0 run.
Aji Alex to IRFAN ILYAS 2 2 runs.
Aji Alex to Farhan Aslam 1 1 run.
Aji Alex to Farhan Aslam 0 0 run.
Aji Alex to Farhan Aslam 4 Four!
Sreeraj Chellappan to Farhan Aslam 3 3 runs.
Sreeraj Chellappan to IRFAN ILYAS 1lb Legbye 1 run.
jijo to Farhan Aslam 4 Four!
jijo to Farhan Aslam 2 2 runs.
Aji Alex to IRFAN ILYAS 1 1 run.
Aji Alex to IRFAN ILYAS 4 Four!
Clintin Benny to Sarfraz Ahmed 1 1 run.
Clintin Benny to Sarfraz Ahmed 4 Four!
Clintin Benny to Sarfraz Ahmed 0 0 run.
Clintin Benny to Ali Raza Mohammed Mustaq 1 1 run.
Febin Raphel to Ali Raza Mohammed Mustaq 4 Four!
Febin Raphel to Ali Raza Mohammed Mustaq 6 Six!
Febin Raphel to Sarfraz Ahmed 1 1 run.
Febin Raphel to Sarfraz Ahmed 0 0 run.
Febin Raphel to Ali Raza Mohammed Mustaq 1 1 run.
Clintin Benny to Ali Raza Mohammed Mustaq 4 Four!
Febin Raphel to Ali Raza Mohammed Mustaq 1lb Legbye 1 run.
Febin Raphel to Sarfraz Ahmed wd Wide 1 run.
Febin Raphel to Sarfraz Ahmed 4 Four!
Febin Raphel to Ali Raza Mohammed Mustaq 0 0 run.
Febin Raphel to Ali Raza Mohammed Mustaq wd Wide 1 run.
Nadeem Mohammed to jijo 0 0 run.
Nadeem Mohammed to Clintin Benny 1 1 run.
Nadeem Mohammed to Clintin Benny 2 2 runs.
Nadeem Mohammed to Clintin Benny 0 0 run.
Nadeem Mohammed to Clintin Benny 4 Four!
Sajid Mahmood to jijo 2 2 runs.
Sajid Mahmood to Clintin Benny 1 1 run.
Sajid Mahmood to jijo 1 1 run.
Sajid Mahmood to jijo 0 0 run.
Sajid Mahmood to jijo wd Wide 1 run.
Nadeem Mohammed to jijo 1 1 run.
Nadeem Mohammed to Sreeraj Chellappan 1 1 run.
Usman Bajwa to Sreeraj Chellappan 2 2 runs.
Usman Bajwa to Sreeraj Chellappan 0 0 run.
Usman Bajwa to jijo 1 1 run.
Usman Bajwa to jijo 2 2 runs.
Usman Bajwa to Sreeraj Chellappan 1 1 run.
Usman Bajwa to Sreeraj Chellappan nb Noball 1 run.
IRFAN ILYAS to Sreeraj Chellappan 1 1 run.
IRFAN ILYAS to jijo 1 1 run.
IRFAN ILYAS to Sreeraj Chellappan 4 Four!
IRFAN ILYAS to jijo 4 Four!
Ashfaq Ahmed to Sreeraj Chellappan 0 0 run.
Ashfaq Ahmed to Sreeraj Chellappan 1 1 run.
IRFAN ILYAS to Sreeraj Chellappan 0 0 run.
IRFAN ILYAS to Surag Sajikumar 1 1 run.
Ashfaq Ahmed to Surag Sajikumar 0 0 run.
Ashfaq Ahmed to Surag Sajikumar 4 Four!
Ashfaq Ahmed to Surag Sajikumar wd Wide 1 run.
Ashfaq Ahmed to Febin Raphel 4 Four!
IRFAN ILYAS to Febin Raphel 1 1 run.
IRFAN ILYAS to Aji Alex 0 0 run.
IRFAN ILYAS to Aji Alex 1 1 run.
Muhammad Rizwan to Loluck Dcunha 0 0 run.
Muhammad Rizwan to Aji Alex 1 1 run.
Muhammad Rizwan to Loluck Dcunha 1lb Legbye 1 run.
Muhammad Rizwan to Aji Alex 4wd Wide 5 runs.
Muhammad Rizwan to Aji Alex 0 0 run.
IRFAN ILYAS to Loluck Dcunha 0 0 run.
IRFAN ILYAS to Anu Saju 0 0 run.
Muhammad Rizwan to Sony Arackal 1 1 run.
Muhammad Rizwan to Sony Arackal 2 2 runs.
Muhammad Rizwan to Sony Arackal 0 0 run.
Muhammad Rizwan to Loluck Dcunha 1 1 run.
Usman Bajwa to Sony Arackal 1 1 run.
Usman Bajwa to Loluck Dcunha 1 1 run.
Usman Bajwa to Loluck Dcunha wd Wide 1 run.
Muhammad Rizwan to Loluck Dcunha 4 Four!
Muhammad Rizwan to Sony Arackal wd Wide 1 run.
Usman Bajwa to Loluck Dcunha 0 0 run.
Usman Bajwa to Sony Arackal 0 0 run.
Sajid Mahmood to Loluck Dcunha 0 0 run.
Sajid Mahmood to Loluck Dcunha 2 2 runs.
Ashfaq Ahmed to Sony Arackal 4 Four!
Ashfaq Ahmed to Sony Arackal wd Wide 1 run.
Ashfaq Ahmed to Sony Arackal 0 0 run.
Ashfaq Ahmed to Loluck Dcunha 1 1 run.
Ashfaq Ahmed to Loluck Dcunha 0 0 run.
Sajid Mahmood to Sony Arackal 0 0 run.
Sajid Mahmood to Sony Arackal 1 1 run.
Sajid Mahmood to Sony Arackal 4 Four!
Sajid Mahmood to Loluck Dcunha 1 1 run.
Ashfaq Ahmed to Loluck Dcunha wd Wide 1 run.
Ashfaq Ahmed to Sony Arackal 1 1 run.
Sajid Mahmood to VIMAL RAJ 4 Four!
Sajid Mahmood to VIMAL RAJ 0 0 run.


text:
Taxing and Spending Power – Article I Section 8, Clause 1 of the Constitution
Also see "Amendment 16 (Sixteenth Amendment – Income Tax)"
The Taxing and Spending Clause is found in the Constitution of the United States, Article. I. Section. 8., clause 1:
(Clause 1 – Power to tax and spend)
[The Congress shall have Power] To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States; but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United States;
The IRS is the foundation for all that our nation is capable of — and we're depending on bright, capable citizens like you to achieve our goals.
From the IRS Jobs site.
The Laffer Curve, Part I: Understanding the Theory
From the U.S. Senate web site:
Section 8 begins the enumerated powers of the federal government delegated to Congress. The first is the power to tax and to spend the money raised by taxes, to provide for the nation's defense and general welfare. This section was supplemented by the 16th amendment, which permitted Congress to levy an income tax.
By 1913, 36 States had ratified the 16th Amendment to the Constitution. In October, 1913, Congress passed a new income tax law with rates beginning at 1 percent and rising to 7 percent for taxpayers with income in excess of $500,000. Less than 1 percent of the population paid income tax at the time.
America's Debt Crisis Explained
The federal, state, and local tax systems in the United States have been marked by significant changes over the years in response to changing circumstances and changes in the role of government. The types of taxes collected, their relative proportions, and the magnitudes of the revenues collected are all far different than they were 50 or 100 years ago. Some of these changes are traceable to specific historical events, such as a war or the passage of the 16th Amendment to the Constitution that granted the Congress the power to levy a tax on personal income. Other changes were more gradual, responding to changes in society, in our economy, and in the roles and responsibilities that government has taken unto itself.
For most of our nation's history, individual taxpayers rarely had any significant contact with Federal tax authorities as most of the Federal government's tax revenues were derived from excise taxes, tariffs, and customs duties. Before the Revolutionary War, the colonial government had only a limited need for revenue, while each of the colonies had greater responsibilities and thus greater revenue needs, which they met with different types of taxes. For example, the southern colonies primarily taxed imports and exports, the middle colonies at times imposed a property tax and a "head" or poll tax levied on each adult male, and the New England colonies raised revenue primarily through general real estate taxes, excises taxes, and taxes based on occupation.
England's need for revenues to pay for its wars against France led it to impose a series of taxes on the American colonies. In 1765, the English Parliament passed the Stamp Act, which was the first tax imposed directly on the American colonies, and then Parliament imposed a tax on tea. Even though colonists were forced to pay these taxes, they lacked representation in the English Parliament. This led to the rallying cry of the American Revolution that "taxation without representation is tyranny" and established a persistent wariness regarding taxation as part of the American culture.
History of the U.S. Tax System, from the IRS.
Where Do Your Tax Dollars Go?
Congressional Procedure, Chapter 1. B. Constitutional Provisions
The Constitution of the United States: A Transcription – The National Archives
United States Constitution: Texts, Commentaries, Historical Texts and Judicial Decisions – Law Library of Congress
CRS Annotated Constitution
The Constitution of the United States of America: Analysis and Interpretation – FDsys
CRS Annotated Constitution, LII
Heritage Guide to the Constitution
"Federalism and the Constitution: Limits on Congressional Power," CRS Report RL30315 (31-page PDF )
"Legislative Powers of Congress: A Brief Reference Guide," CRS Report 97-434 (20-page PDF )
Clause 1. Power to Tax and Spend – from Findlaw
Clause 1. Power to Tax and Spend – from Cornell's Legal Information Institute
Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 – from Wikipedia
"Spending Clause" Category on Volokh.com
Senators Toomey and Corker ask for unanimous consent on their 232 amendment
Value-Added Taxes: Lessons Learned from Other Countries on Compliance Risks, Administrative Costs, Compliance Burden, and Transition, Government Accountability Office, Report GAO-08-566, April 4, 2008 (67-page PDF )
"Consumption Taxes and the Level and Composition of Saving," CRS Report RL30351 (27-page PDF )
"Flat Tax Proposals and Fundamental Tax Reform: An Overview," CRS Report IB95060 (21-page PDF )
"The Federal Excise Tax on Motor Fuels and the Highway Trust Fund: Current Law and Legislative History," CRS Report RL30304 (40-page PDF )
"Across-the-Board Tax Cuts: Economic Issues," CRS Report RL30779 (24-page PDF )
"Value-Added Tax as a New Revenue Source," CRS Report IB91078 (15-page PDF )
"Excise Tax Financing of Federal Trust Funds," CRS Report 93-6 (32-page PDF )
A free download of our Pocket Constitution is available on Scribd.
Our Pocket Constitution: details on our web site.
The Five Thousand Year Leap: 28 Great Ideas That Changed the World
The American Patriot's Almanac: Daily Readings on America
The Politically Incorrect Guide to the Constitution
The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution
The Essential American: 25 Documents and Speeches Every American Should Own
The Founders' Key: The Divine and Natural Connection Between the Declaration and the Constitution and What We Risk by Losing It
Logical Foundations of Constitutional Liberty
The Reason of Rules: Constitutional Political Economy
Ratification: The People Debate the Constitution, 1787-1788
Constitutional Law for Criminal Justice
Fall 2013 Legislative, Communication, and Media Training from TheCapitol.Net
Advanced Federal Budget Process, 2-day course in DC, from TheCapitol.Net
Appropriation Act / Appropriation Bill / Continuing Resolution / Continuing Appropriations (CongressionalGlossary.com)
Public Debt / Debt Ceiling / Debt Limit (CongressionalGlossary.com)
"Federal Budgeting" a Five-Course Series on CD
Categories Budget, Congress, Congressional Operations, CRS, Earmarks, Federalism, Glossary, Legislative Glossary, Legislative Process, National Security, Pocket Constitution, U.S. Constitution Post navigation
Tips for visiting Capitol Hill
Borrowing Power – Article I Section 8, Clause 2 of the Constitution

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Bothy Threads Tapestry Kits, William Morris Collection.
These Counted Cross Stitch Kits are so cute and they are produced by some very creative designers.
Bothy Threads:Tapestry Kit, William Morris, Strawberry Thief.
Bothy Threads:Tapestry Kit, William Morris, Sunflowers.
Bothy Threads:Tapestry Kit, William Morris, Bell Flower.


SAILOR 6391 Navtex System sets new standards in functionality and flexibility for SOLAS mandated Navtex receivers.
As a black box system, with separate touch screen user-interface, it introduces a new approach that enhances safety and efficiency, whilst being fully SOLAS compliant.
It is a next generation system offering new installation and operation possibilities today, with the potential to become part of the fully networked bridge in the future.


The Sunday before last I visited some unrecorded tetrads and had more fun than I expected. See here. This Sunday I decided to try the next one to the south and its neighbour to the east. The first had only one species recorded in it apart from a few I recorded a week back, Diphasiastrum alpinum (Alpine Clubmoss), and in fairness it is everywhere – the dominant plant in some areas. However, it also had a selection of interesting species, some of which unsurprisingly were the same as the previous week's goodies such as Alchemilla alpina (Alpine Lady's-mantle), Saxifraga aizoides (Yellow Saxifrage) and Saxifraga stellaris (Starry Saxifrage).
and some in a Potamogeton that is surely just P. polygonifolius (Bog Pondweed) but I have brought a specimen home to check.
Moving east from Meall Odhar Mòr and Meall Odhar Beag took me to Ben Lee which is in a different ten kilometre square, NG53, which is shared with Raasay. Here again were what had become the usual suspects such as Alchemilla alpina (Alpine Lady's-mantle), Diphasiastrum alpinum (Alpine Clubmoss), Saxifraga aizoides (Yellow Saxifrage) and Saxifraga stellaris (Starry Saxifrage). This last is not known on Raasay. Also there was Saussurea alpina (Alpine Saw-wort) and pleasingly Luzula spicata (Spiked Wood-rush) again, which in this case is a completely new 10km square record for Skye and Raasay.
Gwyn Jones reports a good show of Glebionis segetum (Corn Marigold) at Stenscholl on Skye. We don't often see Glebionis around here these days except as a casual – though there is a fine population on Muck.
When I was in Dunvegan recently I found a large patch of Calystegia silvatica (Large Bindweed). Whilst C. sepium (Hedge Bindweed) is frequent enough and C. pulchra (Hairy Bindweed) has its strongholds, C. silvatica had no post-1999 records in the vice-county and only three records localised to better than a 10km square ever. One of the 10km square records was for the square that includes Dunvegan.
Steve Terry is saving up records to submit in a large batch at the end of the season but he has just reported Alliaria petiolata (Garlic Mustard) from Lower Breakish. There is some around the Corry Lodge area of Broadford and a few old records from the Dunvegan and Uig areas, but that is it for the vice-county – except for some growing in a garden on Raasay which it has never seemed appropriate to record formally.
Yesterday we went to the Clan Donald Centre at Armadale and had a walk around the grounds and nature trails that extend into the surrounding countryside.
I spotted Gnaphalium sylvaticum (Heath Cudweed), which had been recorded there before and noticed that they still have a problem in their ponds with Crassula helmsii (New Zealand Pygmyweed also known as Australian Swamp Stonecrop). I first spotted it there in 1996.
As well as 25 moths, I caught three of these burying beetles in my moth trap a couple of nights ago, which Richard tells me are Nicrophorus investigator, which I have found before here at home.
Back down in the bog I found Carex pauciflora (Few-flowered Sedge), Drosera intermedia (Oblong-leaved Sundew – rarer locally than records suggest IMHO and so seeds checked microscopically), Rhyncospora alba (White Beak-sedge), Utricularia minor (Lesser Bladderwort) in flower. All in all I had such a good time in this tetrad that all I had time for in the second was a quick walk through one corner. This one does not have the hills and generally does not look rich, though a rocky outcrop by a burn did have Rubus saxatilis.
Rita Hardman suggests the Fuchsia may be the hybrid 'Genii' which is bushy, has yellow leaves in the sun and small red and purple flowers. She and Clive Stace both think the variegated shrub is also a Fuchsia with Rita suggesting F. magellancia var. variegata which has bright cream-white edged leaves suffused pink, as seen in the quarry specimen.
The sprouting stump remains unidentified. Clive suggests sending a print to Eric Clement, which I shall do unless anyone recognises it soon.
This website is a picture database of German Plants with useful photos of many plants that are also found in the British Isles. I came across it as they have asked to use my images of Equisetum font-queri after spotting one on this blog.
So, ignoring all the mackerel and the Conger Eel that I turned into steaks, which of these to eat tonight?
And the Chilean Viognier was just right.
Some time ago I reported on mature specimens of probable Cupressus macrocarpa (Monterey Cypress) and Thuja occidentalis (Northern White-cedar). I finally took some specimens and sent them to Cameron Crook who confirms the former but has decided that the latter is in fact Thuja plicata (Western Red-cedar).
The cypress had a cone on it so I was pretty confident of that one before Cameron looked at it.
After the quarry, I spent several hours in country SW of Dunvegan putting my nose into four tetrads with few records. To these I added 121, 113, 119 and 96 records ranging from Populus tremula (Aspen) in a couple of burn gorges to Juncus ranarius (Frog Rush) in saltmarsh and from Viburnum opulus (Guelder-rose) on a rocky outcrop by a river to Rhynchospora alba (White Beak-sedge) on the moors.
Makes a convincing bee-mimic except for the way it flies.


text:
Many Consider a Living Will Important, but Wait Too Long
by Site Admin | Apr 21, 2002 | News Release | 0 comments
From the Archives: Major Business News
By KELLY GREENE
Three out of four older Americans think that preparing a living will is a very important part of getting ready for later life — but most people haven't gotten around to writing one yet.
In fact, "preparing a living will" tied with "build up your savings" as the most important preparation you can make, in survey results recently released by the National Council on the Aging, a nonprofit group in Washington, D.C. Among people 65 to 74 years old, the importance of a living will ranked even higher than building savings, at 77% and 75%, respectively.
The portion of 3,048 people surveyed who said each of these preparations is "very important" for later life
Preparation % Very
(age 18-plus) % Very
(age 65-74)
Living will 74% 77%
Savings 74 75
Hobbies 66 70
Health habits 48 51
Long-term-care insurance 43 41
Source: National Council on the Aging
"It's surprising, because the data say so few people have a living will," says Nancy Whitelaw, the council's vice president in charge of research. "It shows there's a readiness to pay attention to the issue."
Between 20% and 30% of all Americans are estimated to have a living will, which is a document that spells out your wishes about future medical treatment if you're at the end of life and unable to communicate. Some states technically refer to a living will as a "directive to physicians," "health-care declaration," or "medical directive." The idea behind such documents is to help your family and doctors decide how aggressively to use medical treatment if you are unconscious or too ill to speak up.
You often can get fill-in-the-blank living-will forms from health-care providers, such as your doctor, local hospital or long-term-care facility. You also can download forms free from the Partnership for Caring site (www.partnershipforcaring.org), another nonprofit group in Washington, D.C. Keep in mind that living wills are regulated by state governments, so make sure you get the form that specifically adheres to your state's law.
Once you fill out the form, you might want to consider registering it — free of charge — with the U.S. Living Will Registry's Web site (www.uslivingwillregistry.com), so that your family members can find it more easily when they need it.
If you're thinking about getting long-term-care insurance, here are two questions to consider: Can you glom onto the new federal program? And if you can, is it the best deal for you?
About 20 million people are eligible for coverage under the new Federal Long Term Care Insurance Program, which kicked off its first-ever enrollment period March 25. The program includes many categories of workers and relatives, including current federal employees, postal workers, employees of the Tennessee Valley Authority; retirees of any of the above; spouses and adult children of current employees and retirees; and parents, in-laws and step-parents of current employees. (To check out each category, go to www.opm.gov/insure/ltc/faq/eligibility.htm for information.) You can apply through May 15 for one of three prepackaged options, or wait to apply for a wider range of benefits during a longer enrollment period from July 1 through Dec. 31. If you need the coverage urgently, you can apply now and tinker with it during the later enrollment period.
There are some big advantages to signing up.
THE PLAN HAS a lot of potential for stability, since it could wind up the largest group plan ever for long-term-care coverage, it's being sponsored by the federal government, and it's being run by a joint venture between two large, stable insurance companies, John Hancock Financial Services Inc. in Boston, and MetLife Inc. in New York.
IF YOU'RE A SINGLE person buying coverage with normal health, the premiums are designed to provide you with a 15% discount off policies in the open market, says Paul Forte, the joint venture's chief executive. It also offers some relatively rich benefits not available in many policies, he contends, such as payments for informal care provided at home by neighbors or family, 100% benefit payments for assisted-living facilities, payments for foster care, and a third-party appeals process.
But there could be disadvantages as well, particularly if you're in good health. First, most individual policies offer a discount to married couples buying coverage together, and the federal plan does not, says Mr. Forte. The U.S. Office of Personnel Management "wanted the program to have uniform low rates and not treat some people different because they were married," he explains.
Tom Grzymala, a financial planner in Alexandria, Va., who works with many federal workers, says his clients are finding that "if you're young and in good health, you can still get a better package from some providers on the open market."
Do you really need a $1.2 million nest egg to wind up with $40,900 a year for a 20-year retirement?
Several readers questioned this recommendation, made by Allstate Corp.'s Allstate Financial Group, Northbrook, Ill., in its Cost of Leisure Index, reported here recently.
Allstate's explanation: The baby boomers interviewed for that survey anticipate spending about $10,900 apiece each year to have fun in retirement and they estimate that basic living expenses will cost them $30,000 a year each. By the time the boomers retire, inflation will probably raise these costs significantly.
Tally the two amounts together, and a 47-year-old — the average age of those surveyed — by age 63 needs to have saved $1.2 million to get the inflation-adjusted equivalent of $40,900 a year in income for a 20-year retirement. That assumes a 4% inflation rate and 6% annual earnings on post-retirement savings. If you're older than 47 now, inflation won't raise your costs as much, and if you don't spend so much on leisure activities, you won't need as much saved, says Pam Hollander, an Allstate marketing director.
Kelly Greene is a reporter for The Wall Street Journal and for Encore, the Journal's guide to life after 55. E-mail: [email protected].


We blend and produce our wide range of products in-house. Machinery and equipment specially developed for Eurol enable us to provide premium quality lubricants and technical fluids. As a total supplier, we have a full-service approach, with a complete portfolio of lubricants, technical fluids, and cleaning and maintenance products. We even develop custom-made products for specific customer needs.
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Ochsner Health Center - Belle Chasse is conveniently located in Plaquemines Parish. The location is open five days a week, offering primary care services.
Ochsner Health Center - Belle Chasse is located at 7772 Highway 23 (Belle Chasse Highway).


Safety is the single most important factor when undertaking any modification project. Any changes should be carefully studied to see how the modification will effect other components. The planed modification itself must be looked at closely to see if it and the components used are safe. When adding power assist brakes to an existing system, it is strongly recommended that you rebuild or replace all wheel brake cylinders. The increased pressures of power assist on old or weak components could cause brake failure.
There are several kits available for the various early trucks. These kits cover each production range from 1928 - 1940, 1941- 1955 1st and 1955 2nd - 1959. Usually these kits are offered in BASIC or COMPLETE kits. The Basic Kit contains caliper brackets and all the hardware for mounting the caliper to the axle. These kits also include bearing adapters and spacers for adapting the new rotors to the original spindles. The Complete Kit contains all the items found in the Basic Kit along with new rotors, calipers, seals and bearing caps. In most cases the calipers are rebuilds. Some Complete Kits offer redesigned hubs. The redesigned hub mounts directly on the original spindles, which eliminates the need for the spindle to bearing adapters. Golden State Pickup Parts now offers a 6 lug brake kit in both Basic and Complete form. The 6 lug kit allows you to use the stock wheels in most cases.
These kits can be purchased from most all of the classic truck specialty parts suppliers. Prices between kits varies depending on the kit selected and supplying vendor. The Basic Kits start around $125.00 and up. The Complete Kits start at $385.00 and up. There are some advantages to purchasing the kits in one form or another.
The Basic Kit will save you the cost of purchasing new rotors and calipers and the cost of having them ship to you. Junk yard parts usually provide a better valve. I have found trucks with almost new brakes on them in the junk yard, so don't discount used brake components.
The Complete Kits offer some advantages over the Basic Kit. One of the advantages is the new rotors can be ordered with whatever bolt pattern you might need to match your rear end or existing wheels. For a stock look, you may what to purchase a six hole rotor to fit an original wheel. New rotors and calipers offer a degree of assurance of operation over junk yard parts, but not really enough to talk about.
No matter which kit you purchase there are many other parts you will need to purchase before you have a functioning brake system.
The next bit of information is basic to any brake system upgrade that incorporates front disc brakes. You will need to purchase the following items.
10 lb. Residual Check Valve.
Now, there are a few different ways to setup the power booster and master cylinder. One arrangement lets you mount a booster and master cylinder assembly under the floor of the cab in the original location. The next method is to mount the booster and master cylinder assembly on the engine side of the firewall, above the steering column. The last method, which I prefer over the rest, is a remote booster under the cab and the master cylinder mounted on the fire wall. I prefer this method, because is utilizes a swing type brake pedal over the booster and master cylinder assembly mounted in the original location and it uses the least amount of under hood space. I also hate pulling up carpet, sill moldings and floor plugs to ckeck the brake fluid, so the firewall mounted systems are my first choice.
For the reasons stated above, the remote booster brake system was my choice for this project. The follow is a description of its installation. The graphic below shows a component diagram of the remote booster brake system. We'll get into the function of each component as we go along.
Most hobbyist are familiar with the operations of the master cylinder and vacuum brake booster. So, well dispense with the basics. You may not have dealt with residual check valves and adjustable proportioning valves though. So, we will take a moment to cover these components.
Proportioning ValveThe residual check valve is a component that is in most all brake systems, but usually not as separate component. In most systems the residual check valve(s) are built into the master cylinder. It's purpose is to keep enough residual fluid pressure on the brake shoes to maintain a minimal clearance between the shoes and drums/rotors. This is done by checking the direction of the brake fluid at a design pressure. This checking action of the valve maintains a pre-set fluid pressure on the wheel cylinders, thus maintaining proper brake clearances.
On drum/disc combinations, the needed residual pressures will differ. To allow for this factor, a 10 lb. residual check valve is added to the main line supplying the drum brakes. Disc brakes, usually, do not require residual pressure to maintain shoe to rotor clearances. The exception is when the booster is lower or at the same level of the calipers. It maybe necessary to add a 2 lb. check to the main supply line feeding the discs.
Proportioning ValveThe proportioning valve is also another component of most brake systems. On most production vehicles, the valve is pre-set and not adjustable. This valve is sometimes mistaken for a junction block for brake lines. No matter what type of brake system you have, a proportioning will be part of the configuration.
Simply enough, the proportioning valve provides for pressure control of brake fluid. Control of these pressures allows for balancing of the front and rear brakes. A vehicles weight distribution and type of brake system determine the valves setting. When you change the vehicles weight, change the center gravity or add front disc brakes, an adjustable proportioning valve is just the ticket to balancing it all out.
With all the engineering theory out of the way, let's get down to the project. I would also like to say that I will not be relaying common sense safety procedures, so read on at your own risk. Remember that stand jacks are always optional for the dead and a requirement for all others.
Since the brake system was to be replaced as part of the whole restoration project, I junk the whole thing except for the rear brake hose bracket, spindle nuts and outside bearing retaining washers. If your doing this on a running truck, strip the front axle of the old drums and backing plates. Remove the flexible brake line and bracket as well. Now you should be down to the bare spindle.
Caliper BracketStart the installation by attaching the new caliper backing plates to the spindle. I had to remove a little material on the caliper brackets at the location shown in the photo to get them to fit properly. A little trimming is usually the case with most universal kits, so don't be concerned when it happens to you. I used a die grinder and file to remove the material need make the brackets fit correctly. After all the trimming and fitting was completed, I removed the brackets, painted them and chased the caliper bolt holes. After painting, bolt the new plates on to the spindle with grade eight bolts. Use grade eight castellated or nylon bushed retaining nuts with cotter pins.
Next, clean off the spindle with a emery cloth or fine shop roll material. The spindle must not only be clean, but polished to a fine Finish. The fit of the adapter is very tight, so take the time Bearing Adapternecessary to do a good job. Drive the bearing adapter on to the spindle to the position shown in this photo. The adapter must fit flush with the back of the spindle. Use a piece of 1 ½" Schedule 80 PVC pipe to drive the adapter on to the spindle. Once it's on, only a press can remove it. In some cases the rear bearing area might have had some damage and the adapter will not fit tight on the spindle. If the rear bearing area is only slightly worn, then use a center punch to raise the bearing surface. Be careful not to get carried away, one raised point every 90 degrees is sufficient. In cases where the wear is too great, replace the spindle.
Next, install the new races in rotor hub and pack the new roller bearings. Set the rear bearing into the rotor hub and install the bearing seal. Place the rotor onto the spindle and install the outer bearing, bearing retaining Rotorwasher, spacing washer and spindle nut. Don't forget the cotter pin, then install the bearing cap. The bearing retaining washer and spindle nuts are the only parts saved from the original setup. The spacing washer is supplied in the kit (shown here) and is used to space the spindle nut out from the rotor hub to line up with the existing cotter pin hole.
Now that both rotors have been mounted to the spindles, its time to set the calipers. Test fit the caliper onto the rotor without the brake pads. Fit one side at a time. Slip the retaining bolts into position and tighten them down. Assuming the vehicle is on jacks, move the steering from one end to the other. Check for obstructions. I had to trim some casting flashing from the caliper hose fitting area. The photo shows the area where the flashing was removed. Take time to fit the calipers to each side to clear any obstructions. The old spindle stops will not work with the new caliper brackets, so they will have to be removed. I double nutted the king pin retaining pin to provide a spindle stop.
Complete BrakeAfter the fitting is complete, install the brake pads and remount the calipers. You will have to determine the hose length that fits you application best. Connect the flexible brake hose to its original fitting. You can have brake hoses made up at almost any parts supplier. On the project truck, I have installed a set of donor brackets from a 1980 El Camino. I also pulled the calipers and rotors off the same vehicles. If I had choose to mount these hoses at the original connection, the hoses would be too short.
The next section covers power booster and master cylinder connections. The connection information in this section will be covered in general. I'll be using the remote booster system as the example.
The old master cylinder is removed, leaving a front and rear brake supply line. Once the booster is in place, a tee is used to connect both lines together. A main feed line is tied into the tee from the booster to complete the supply line plumbing. If you are using a dual reservoir master cylinder/booster mounted under the cab floor in the OEM location or on the firewall, extend and connect each line to the appropriate reservoir port on the master cylinder.
Now to add the proportioning valve and residual pressure check valves. On the supply line for the rear brakes, about 8" down from the tee, the proportioning valve is cut in. This will help us even out the braking on the project truck. Down the same line another 6", a residual pressure check valve is cut in. As shown in the photo, the red RPCV will maintain 10 lb. of residual brake fluid pressure on the rear brake wheel cylinders.


A point presser is invaluable for pressing hard-to-reach seams. Slip the seam, wrong side up, over the point.
It's a classic, hardwood pressing tool that's really two tools in one. The top, narrow-surfaced, point presser side for pressing hard-to-reach seams and enclosed corners, like those on collars, lapels, and cuffs.
The clapper side is used to apply pressure to set permanent creases, form crisp edges, and flatten bulky seams. To use it, first apply steam to the area with your iron, then press with the clapper, leaning on it and applying as much pressure as possible. Hold this position until both the fabric and wood (which presses the steam into the area without adding heat) have cooled.


You likely noticed that NextBillion has been conducting a reader survey over the past few months. But you may not have noticed that the survey recently concluded. In the spirit of transparency – and because we find the results interesting – we've compiled some highlights from the 500+ responses. We also share our initial reactions to this reader feedback, and discuss how this survey data might impact new editorial directions on the site.


text:
Hendrik van de Sande Bakhuyzen, né le  à La Haye et mort le  dans la même ville, est un peintre néerlandais.

Biographie

Hendrik van de Sande Bakhuyzen est le fondateur d'une dynastie de peintres, père de Gerardina Jacoba van de Sande Bakhuyzen et de .

En 1822, il devient membre de l'Académie royale néerlandaise des arts et des sciences et membre du conseil d'administration de l'Académie d'art à La Haye.

En 1840, il est un des fondateurs de la société artistique Arti et Amicitiae.

Œuvre
Il est un membre éminent de la période romantique de l'art néerlandais et ses étudiants et enfants ont fondé le mouvement artistique appelé l'École de La Haye.

Il est connu pour ses scènes pastorales romantiques (en particulier les peintures de bétail) avec des paysages détaillés, notamment inspirés par le peintre de l'Âge d'or de la peinture néerlandaise Paulus Potter et en continuant la tradition réaliste de cette époque.

Galerie

Ses élèves célèbres
 Willem Roelofs, cofondateur de l'école de La Haye, son élève à partir de 1839.
 , cofondateur de l'école de La Haye
 Gerardina Jacoba van de Sande Bakhuyzen

 Hubertus van Hove
 Jacob Jan van der Maaten

 Jan Hendrik Weissenbruch
 Pieter Stortenbeker
 Marie Bilders-van Bosse
 Alexander Hieronymus Bakhuyzen

Musées
Son œuvre est bien représenté au Rijksmuseum, au National Trust, au Musée Teyler d'Haarlem, au , au Musée des beaux-arts de Berne, et aux Musées royaux des beaux-arts de Belgique, parmi d'autres.

Notes et références

Annexes

Bibliographie

Liens externes

Peintre néerlandais du XIXe siècle
Peintre paysagiste néerlandais
Peintre romantique
Naissance à La Haye
Naissance en janvier 1795
Décès en décembre 1860
Décès à La Haye
Décès à 65 ans

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Real Estate Investors Organization 80% of the millionaires in the USA achieved much of their wide range using property as their primary car. Every buck put into an item of property earns money in 6 means converting right into prices of return over 100%:.
Use investors who buy houses Norcross to make someone fall in love with you.
House Inspection List: Just What To Check Also see HOME & BUILDING INSPECTORS & INSPECTION APPROACHES. Use the Look Box on top or base of these pages to find extensive information about structure, power cost savings, and interior environment inspection, diagnosis and repair service at this site.
A 2011 study carried out by Harris Interactive uncovered that 72 percent of UNITED STATE homeowner agree the house evaluation they had when they got their existing home assisted them avoid feasible concerns; 64 percent of participants reported that their house evaluation saved them cash. The American Culture of House Inspectors web site (www.ashi.org) consists of a searchable database of qualified examiners. Go along with while the examiner is taking into consideration the home. Ask issues. Bear in mind. A lot of assessors bill $300 to $500 for their solutions; its as much as you to establish just what does it cost? its going to establish you back to treat scarcities.
It's traditional to authorize a special arrangement with a vendor's agent when you're marketing a home. If you're not delighted with the way the Real estate agent is representing you, you can end the agreement at any time as well as discover another agent. If you're a homebuyer, it's not required to authorize an exclusive contract with a purchaser's representative, yet some representatives will ask you to do so.
This occurred to me not as well lengthy ago. I spent a few months watching on a specific Georgia residential property, up until the asking price stopped by nearly forty thousand bucks. After the price drop I determined that I needed to make a step, because this was also excellent of an offer to not take action on.
How you can Make A Deal On A Home Some home-buyers discuss with the seller to make certain that they bears the cost of the house inspection. This is one expenditure youre most likely better off bearing by yourself, though, to ensure that the residence assessor is benefiting you and also watching out for your benefits.
Reasons to be happy Some of us still have faith in physicals. "People like placing their money into something substantial," states Rupert Sweeting. The 10 million-plus market is holding up in London. "We sold a great duration family home 10 days back at the initial overview price of 10 million with a back-up customer in the wings, in situation there was a gazunder at the last moment," states Andy Buchanan, from John D Wood.
Real estate is a tried and tested wealth-building lorry. Investing in rental properties can produce current revenue as well as substantial tax obligation advantages in addition to build equity from gratitude over the decades as well as years.
Obtaining A Home Loan With A 500 Credit Score Although a mortgage application will count as a hard query" on your credit report reportwhich could briefly reduce your rating by a couple of pointsif all those "buying around" inquiries are made in a short time period, it is counted as a single inquiry.
Getting A Residence In Georgia These fundings backed by the Department of Veterans Matters enable veterans and their enduring partners to purchase a home without any cash down and limited closing prices. The typical rates of interest tend to be lower than those located in common home loans, and debt and revenue requirements are more flexible. As an included reward, these fundings do not need home mortgage insurance coverage, which could greatly lower month-to-month repayments.
Real Estate Investor Company Plan Norcross REIA Network Call: John Peterson Telephone: (301) 231-5437 When: Last Monday of monthly, 6:00 pm Meet the Vendors, 7:00 pm Deals and also Steals, 7:30 pm Main Speaker Where: Tyson's Corner Marriott, Tyson's Edge.
The age of the home could additionally play a consider the price in a residence examination. Some newer houses could be examined in around 2-3 hours, yet older homes can take up to 4 hours or more. The factor for this is that older residences typically have extra issues that need a closer look.
All that stated, the emphasis of this short article is the kind of REAL ESTATE AGENT who is associated with business of buying and selling propertyin various other words, the sort of REAL ESTATE AGENT whose main work title is property representative.
You desire someone trustworthy that you could count on, claims Ryan Fitzpatrick, director of sales for CORE, a boutique real estate firm in Norcross. An excellent agent, he states, will listen meticulously to your top priorities and wont lose time on homes that do not fit the costs.
Look for an inspector thats backed by an organization like the International Association of Qualified House Inspectors, which states it will certainly acquire your home back within 90 days of closing if among its getting involved house assessors misses anything substantive.


Throughout his life, Henry James was drawn to the short story form for the freedom and variety it offered. The nineteen stories in this selection span James's career, from brief tales to longer works, all exploring his concerns with the old world and the new, money, fame and art. 'Daisy Miller', the work that first brought him fame, depicts a bold, unsophisticated American girl abroad, and 'In the Cage' portrays a young telegraphist's romantic fantasies about customers who send telegrams from her post office. In 'The Birthplace' a Stratford tour guide embellishes the Shakespeare legend, while in the late masterpiece 'The Jolly Corner', an elderly American returns from Europe and encounters a strange apparition. Haunting, witty and beautifully drawn, James's tales are as complex and resonant as his novels.


Peer discussion is a great way to share ideas and reflect on different approaches. You will be presented with a range of cases, clinical scenarios and ethical dilemmas to discuss in small groups with your peers.
If attending more than one AOP peer discussion a year; please note that you will only receive the three interactive CET points once.


text:
Smith Family Recollections
© 1994 by H. Michael Marquardt. All rights reserved.
JOSEPH SMITH
The Manuscript History of the Church was commenced in 1838 when Joseph Smith dictated the early portion from his birth in December 1805 to about September 1827. A rough draft was evidently made before the final copy. This 1838 draft was copied in 1839 into a bound book and is known as the 1838-39 manuscript history. The volume is labeled Book A-1 and is located in LDS archives. The history is a first person narrative of events. How much of the history was actually dictated by Smith is not known. Smith had dictated and written a short history in 1832 which covered events to April 1829.
For December 1805 to January 1831 the pages are in the following handwritings: pages 1-59 (Dec. 1805-Sept. 1830), James Mulholland; pages 60-75 (Sept.-Nov. 1830), Robert B. Thompson; and pages 75-92 (Nov. 1830-Jan. 1831), William W. Phelps. The text on pages 131-33 was written by Willard Richards after publication in the Times and Seasons.
There is a note in the front of the manuscript about Smith's oldest brother Alvin. The year of his death has been corrected to 1823. The note reads:
In Memory of Alvin Smith
Died the 19th Day of November
In the 25 year of his age year 1823
Joseph Smith Joseph
In Memory of Alvin S
The history covering December 1805 through January 1831 appeared in the following publications: Times and Seasons 3 (15 Mar. 1842):726 through 4 (15 Oct. 1843):354, Nauvoo, Illinois; The Latter-Day Saints' Millennial Star 3 (June 1842):21 through 5 (Aug. 1844):35, Liverpool, England. It also appeared in the Millennial Star 14 (Supplement, 1852):1-56. Extracts covering December 1805 through May 1829 were published in the Pearl of Great Price in 1851. The Pearl of Great Price was revised and then canonized on 10 October 1880 by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and is known as Joseph Smith-History (JS-H). In 1902 the "History of Joseph Smith" up to January 1831 was published by the LDS church as The History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 1:1-145. This publication contains editing by B. H. Roberts. It first appeared in a paperback edition in 1978. For a convenient publication of the Manuscript History, see Dean C. Jessee, ed., The Papers of Joseph Smith: Autobiographical and Historical Writings (Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 1989), 1:267-346. An early 1839 draft covering May 1829 through September 1830 can be found on pages 231-64.
The Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, headquartered in Independence, Missouri, published The History of the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, written and compiled by Joseph Smith III and Heman C. Smith in 1897; republished in Independence, Missouri, by Herald House in 1967, 1:6-168.
Joseph Smith only "corrected 42 pages" (p. 42 covers part of June 1830) after its publication in the Times and Seasons. See Heber C. Kimball's diary in On the Potter's Wheel: The Diaries of Heber C. Kimball, edited by Stanley B. Kimball (Salt Lake City: Signature Books in association with Smith Research Associates, 1987), 100; also History of the Church 7:389.
LUCY MACK SMITH
The Preliminary Manuscript to the "History of Lucy Smith" was dictated by her to Martha Jane Coray. Martha's husband, Howard, in his autobiography written in 1883, recalled that it was in the winter of 1844-45 that his wife was asked to serve as amanuensis for Lucy Smith (see Howard C. Searle, "Early Mormon Historiography: Writing the History of the Mormons, 1830-1858," Ph.D. diss., University of California, Los Angeles, 1979, 362). Lucy wrote to her son William: "I have by the council of the 12 undertaken a history of the family that is my father's family and my own" (ibid., 369, letter dated 23 Jan. 1845). The original of the Preliminary Manuscript is in LDS archives. There is also a small notebook housed in Special Collections, Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah.
Orson Pratt used another manuscript that had been complied and revised by Martha and Howard Coray from the earlier Preliminary Manuscript and other papers. Extracts from the "History of Joseph Smith" in the Times and Seasons were used in this revision. The title page of the revised manuscript is as follows: "The History of Lucy Smith Mother of the Prophet." The copyright of 18 July 1845 has: "The History of Lucy Smith . . . an account of the many persecutions, trials and afflictions which I and my family have endured in bringing forth the Book of Mormon, and establishing the church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints" (Copyright Records, Illinois, Vol. 18 [1821-48], 18 July 1845, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.).
The first publication of Lucy's history was Biographical Sketches of Joseph Smith the Prophet, and His Progenitors for Many Generations in Liverpool, England, for Orson Pratt by Samuel W. Richards in 1853. This work is as much an autobiography of Lucy as it is a biography of Joseph Smith.
Five years later, in 1859, Brigham Young remarked that he wanted the book revised and corrected (Wilford Woodruff journal, 13 Feb. 1859, LDS archives). Later in 1865 Young had Biographical Sketches recalled because of assumed inaccuracies. The 1853 publication was revised by George A. Smith and Elias Smith. This revision was published in 1902 with an introduction by Joseph F. Smith. It did not indicate where the text had been altered nor the reason. The 1902 edition was further edited with notes and comments by Preston Nibley in 1945 and published by Bookcraft of Salt Lake City under the title History of Joseph Smith By His Mother, Lucy Mack Smith.
An edition was published by the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints in 1880 and 1908 as Biographical Sketches of Joseph Smith the Prophet, and His Progenitors for Many Generations. It was republished in 1912 with notes by Heman C. Smith, and a paperback edition was printed by Herald Publishing House, Independence, Missouri, in 1969. A reproduction of the 1853 first edition was issued by Modern Microfilm Co., Salt Lake City, in 1965 with an introduction by Jerald and Sandra Tanner, and a printing by Arno Press and the New York Times was published in 1969.
For additional information, see Jan Shipps, Mormonism: The Story of a New Religious Tradition (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1985), 87-107.
On 18 April 1841 William Smith was interviewed by Reverend James Murdock, who included excerpts from the interview in a letter dated 19 June 1841 written to The Congregational Observer, Hartford and New-Haven, Connecticut, 2 (3 July 1841):1. About 1875 William wrote about his early life in New York. This is known as "Notes Written on `Chamber's Life of Joseph Smith.' by William Smith," and was sent to the LDS church in 1925 by Charles Knecht of Yakima, Washington.
William Smith's published narrative was printed in 1883 when he was seventy-two years old as William Smith on Mormonism (Lamoni, IA: Printed at Herald Steam Book and Job Office). On 8 June 1884 he preached a sermon at Deloit, Iowa, that was published in Saints' Herald 31 (4 Oct. 1884): 643-44. In October 1893, a month before William died, he was interviewed by E. C. Briggs and J. W. Peterson. This interview was printed in the following publications: Zion's Ensign 5 (13 Jan. 1894):6; Deseret Evening News 27 (20 Jan. 1894):11; Latter-day Saints' Millennial Star 61 (26 Feb. 1894):132-34; and excerpted in Church News, 16 Mar. 1968, 11, 13.
For a one volume book that contains various accounts by members of the Smith Family, see Dan Vogel, ed., Early Mormon Documents (Salt Lake City: Signature Books, 1996).


text:
Jim Ross Set To Call One More Wrestling Pay-Per-View
abarie
Global Force Wrestling just announced that, WWE Hall of Famer, Jim Ross has signed with them to call their presentation of New Japan Pro Wrestling's Wrestle Kingdom 9 on pay-per-view. This pay-per-view will be presented on January 4th from Tokyo, Japan. Below is the press release:
NASHVILLE — Jim Ross, the preeminent voice of professional wrestling for the past four decades, has agreed to provide the play-by-play for Global Force Wrestling's presentation of New Japan Pro Wrestling's "Wrestle Kingdom 9" live on pay per view in North America on Jan. 4, 2015.
The Hall of Famer has called more pro wrestling PPV events than any broadcaster and is regarded as the greatest, play-by-play announcer in wrestling history. He will be returning to the mic at one of the biggest events in the world. This is the 24th year of NJPW's annual extravaganza at the Tokyo Dome, where more than 40,000 fans from are expected to attend.
"I am truly honored and excited to have been asked to be a part of this historic event," Ross said. "To be able to return to my roots and to provide play by play for an amazing, pro wrestling product will be special. I never thought I'd ever return to ringside for a wrestling event but this opportunity was just too special to turn down."
GFW founder and CEO Jeff Jarrett said he had been working on lining up Ross for weeks.
"When you think of the great events in wrestling over the past 30 years one of the things they have in common is the man behind the microphone. And that man is Jim Ross," Jarrett said. "I'm excited for this event, and I'm excited for good ol' JR to be a part of it. GFW fans wanted him, and from day one we have said we're going to give our fans what they want."
The show, which will air live at 2 a.m. ET (11 p.m. PT) and re-air in prime time at 7 p.m. ET (4 PT) is available on DirecTV, Dish, AT&T U-verse, Comcast, Verizon Fios and all cable systems in the United States, and in Canada on Bell ExpressVu TV, Rogers, Shaw, Sasktel and Telus. Check your local listings for availability. The show also will be available on the "Flipps" app on iTunes and Android.
This year's card is headlined by an IGWP heavyweight title match between Hiroshi Tanahashi and Kazuchika Okada. The Bullet Club, of which Jarrett is a member along with AJ Styles and IWGP tag team champions Karl Anderson and Doc Gallows, will appear as well.
The show will be available in English and in Japanese via the second audio program (SAP) button on your TV.
Also, check out the trailer for the event below or at this link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2WoNFO6furg
Jim Ross
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Continuing my reverie on thinking: left mystified by the existence of the incorporeal mind, I turn to . . .
In college, I first encountered physicalists, those who believe that the only reality is physical, that which is touchable, countable, concrete, available to the senses. Even back then, I was an artist and could not accept a philosophy that denied the aesthetic experience initiated by music, poetry, literature, painting, sculpture, dance, and theater. I knew instinctively that my reaction to, say, a Bach fugue went far beyond the mere physical sounds.
Over time, I came to understand that physical facts alone are, by themselves, dead. In and of themselves, they convey nothing. They are meaningless because the human mind has not interpreted them. In other words, the mind creates meaning.
Even in the most material of all disciplines, mathematics, the numbers themselves are a creation of the human intellect. Objects in nature don't count themselves. Human beings count them. And every mathematical function is a function of the human mind. Two plus two do not by themselves equal four. They only do so when human intelligence combines them.
In the same way, facts alone tell us nothing. It is only when we human beings parse them, relate them to one another, in short, create meaning for them, that they come together in ways that allow us to draw conclusions.
That leads to the subject of importance, a quality that exists only in human cognition, not at all within the facts themselves. Whether a fact or the meaning we impart to it is important is a matter of judgment, and judgment exists only in the human mind.
I realize that this discussion has gotten awfully philosophical, and I'm not a trained philosopher. What's important to me is to comprehend all over again that the largest and most important part of human experience has no physical existence. It is the province of the mind. Some refer to it as the spirit or the soul. Put differently, it is only when the mind creates meaning that the empty facts take on life.


A nutritional mother lode, potatoes are easy to grow as long as they have full sun, moderate temperatures, and light, rich, acidic, well-drained soil. Try varieties with colors, shapes and flavors you won't find in the supermarket.
Requires at least 6 hours of sun each day.
Prefers well-drained, light, deep, loose soil, high in organic matter. Unlike most vegetables, potatoes perform best in acid soil with pH 4.8 - 5.5. (Scab is less of a problem at low pH. If pH is more than 6.0, use scab-resistant varieties.) Needs plentiful, consistent moisture.
outdoor containers - Sometimes grown in barrels or stacks of old tires filled with compost.
An herbaceous perennial grown as an annual in areas that receive frost. Late spring frosts can damage foliage, but growth will usually rebound quickly from underground parts.
Growing is easy if you have the right site and soil. Pests aren't usually as bad in garden settings as in commercial fields. Fun to grow with kids, especially if you use the deep mulching method.
not native to North America - Native to the Andes Mountains in South America.
Propagate by division or separation - Grown from seed potatoes -- tubers grown the previous season.
Germination temperature: 40 F - Do not plant seed potatoes until soil reaches 40 F.
Days to emergence: 14 to 28 - Sprouts from seed potatoes should emerge in 2 to 4 weeks depending on soil temperature.
Potatoes perform best in areas where summers are cool (65 F to 70 F), but are widely adapted.
Potatoes require well-drained soil. (They will rot under prolonged cold, wet conditions.) If your soil is poorly drained or a heavy clay, consider using raised beds. Adding organic matter (compost, cover crops, well-rotted manure or leaves) is a good way to improve soil before growing potatoes. Go easy on organic matter sources high in nitrogen (such as manure) and nitrogen fertilizer as too much nitrogen can encourage lush foliage at the expense of tuber production.
Unlike most vegetables, potatoes perform best in acid soil with pH 4.8 - 5.5. Use scab-resistant varieties with pH above 6.0. Because most other garden vegetables perform best at near-neutral pH, it's usually not feasible to grow potatoes in their preferred pH range, unless you dedicate one section of your garden to growing just potatoes in rotation with cover crops.
Buy certified disease-free seed potatoes from garden centers or through online or mail-order catalogs for best results. If you save your own seed potatoes, discard any that show any signs of disease. Avoid planting potatoes from the supermarket because they may have been treated with sprout inhibitors. They may also be less vigorous and more prone to disease.
Cut seed potatoes that are larger than a chicken egg into pieces about 1 inch across or slightly larger. Each piece should have at least one "eye" (the bud where the stem will grow from) -- preferably two eyes. Egg-sized and smaller tubers can be planted whole.
A less risky practice is to put about 5 pounds of cut potatoes into a large grocery bag and fold the top closed. Keep the bag at room temperature for 2 or 3 days, then shake the bag to unstick pieces that may have stuck together. Let sit for another 2 to 3 days and then plant.
If you want fast emergence, keep the bag of cut potatoes at room temperature until sprouts appear. Some varieties are slow to break dormancy and benefit from a 2- to 4-week "pre-warming" before planting. Others sprout in just a few days.
Plant about 2 to 4 weeks before your last frost date. The soil temperature should be at least 40 F. Do not plant where you've grown potatoes, tomatoes, peppers or eggplant in the past 2 years.
One common way to plant potatoes is to dig a shallow trench about 4 inches deep with a hoe. Place the seed potato pieces with their eyes up (cut sides down) about 8 to 12 inches apart in the trench, and replace soil. Space trenches about 2 to 3 feet apart. Stems and foliage should emerge in about 2 to 4 weeks, depending on soil temperature.
Alternatively, snuggle seed pieces shallowly into the soil and cover with a thick layer of clean straw or other weed-free mulch. Add more mulch as needed to keep light from reaching potatoes. (A foot or more of mulch may be required.) Tubers grown this way can be easily harvested by pulling back the mulch after the plants die.
A third method if you have excellent potato-growing soil is to plant seed potatoes 7 to 8 inches deep and skip hilling or deep mulching. The potatoes are slower to emerge, but this method requires less effort during the growing season. Deep planting is not good in cold, damp soils and it requires more work to dig the potatoes at harvest.
Potatoes need at least 1 inch of water per week from either rainfall or deep watering. Mulching helps retain moisture. Keeping the soil from drying out also helps reduce scab.
Use row covers to protect from Colorado potato beetles, leaf hoppers and flea beetles. Crush the yellow eggs of Colorado potato beetles on the undersides of leaves. Remove adults by hand.
Colorado potato beetles - Hand pick beetles, eggs and larvae.
Flea beetles - Use row covers to help protect plants from early damage. Put in place at planting and remove before temperatures get too hot. Control weeds.
Wash small nymphs off with a hard stream of water.
Early blight and Late blight - Use certified seed. Avoid wetting plant foliage if possible. Water early in the day so abovegrounds plant parts will dry as quickly as possible. Avoid crowding plants. Space apart to allow air circulation. Eliminate weeds around plants and garden area to improve air circulation. In autumn, rake and dispose of all fallen or diseased leaves and tubers. Locate new plants in a part of the garden different from previous year's location. Resistant or moderately resistant varieties include Allegany, Elba, Rosa and Sebago.
The fungus that causes late blight has recently become a major threat to home gardens and commercial growers because of the migration of new strains (genotypes) into the United States. The disease can readily spread from home gardens to commercial fields. Verification of a late blight diagnosis and implementation of prompt control measures are highly recommended. The newly arrived strains are more aggressive than previous strains. Cultural control measures such as those listed above may not adequately control these new strains.
Scab - Use certified seed. Locate new plants in a part of the garden different from previous year's location. Lower soil pH to 5.2 with sulfur. Plant resistant varieties: Chieftan, Norland, Russet Burbank, Russet Rural and Superior.
Viral diseases - Use certified seed. Control aphids.
Sweet potatoes require warmer temperatures and a longer season.
Browse potato varieties at our Vegetable Varieties for Gardeners website.
Season: Spread out your harvest by choosing early (ready to harvest in about 65 days), mid-season (80 days) and late (more than 90 days) varieties.
Skin and flesh colors: Range from purple, red, pink, gold and yellow, in addition to the usual white. Potato varieties have a range of subtle flavors, too.
Size: From huge baking potatoes to tiny fingerlings that bake or microwave quickly.
Also look for scab-resistant varieties if soil pH is greater than 6.0.


Lenk – simple luxury with health benefits!
A spa&ski resort Lenk is cozily located just in 150km from Geneve. Quite often in guidebooks you can see other name of this little village – Simmental. Amazing beauty of mountains, endless forests, pine fragrance in the air are waiting for the tourists. The pride of Lenk is the top quality of service and the best technical snowparks' equipment.
In addition Lenk is famous for its medical factors. There are 2 thermal sulfur springs nearby. Sulfur water bathes are used for skin and other kind of diseases treatment.
We'd like to offer you to get acquainted with one of Swiss resorts, where you can combine the useful with the pleasant – to do active sports and to improve your health at the same time!
We asked some questions to Sonja Teuscher – a worker of Marketing and Produkt management department in Lenk-Simmental Tourismus AG.
SkiT.: Most of our tourists when choosing a holiday destination pay attention to its location and accessibility. Could you tell us about Lenk location and its unique nature peculiarities?
ST.: Our ski resort is well known in Switzerland and even in some neighboring countries. It is located in the Bernese Oberland and it is easily accessible by train or public transport. From our capital Berne it only takes about an hour and fifteen minutes to reach the bottom station. Right next to the station there are free parking spots available, what makes it even more convenient. There is a train, which takes our guests from Berne to Lenk with only one switch of train. Once you have reached the train station there are shuttle buses on site, which bring you straight to the cable railway.
Lenk is said to be the most beautiful valley head of the entire Bernese Oberland. The mountains which surround the town and the ski resort are breathtaking. As soon as the first snow falls, Lenk turns into a winter wonderland.
SkiT.: When did Lenk tourism start to develop?
ST.: Long before the first spa visitors came to the Simmental (Simme Valley), the Stone Age hunters had gathered there. Neighbours from Valais sought their fortune here too. The thermal water in Weissenburg became popular in 1604. From 1686, high society started staying in Lenk for curative treatments. Around 1900, there were 250 guest beds, mainly for summer tourism. Soon the first winter sports guests arrived.
Also on the Lenk the English played a decisive role in the development of foreign tourism. They also were responsible for helping the Lenk region make the break through and they initiated the construction of the first transport system – the famous «Funis». Amongst the numerous guests also Field marshal Viscount Montgomery of Alamein, the commander in chief of the allied land forces in the 2nd World War spent many winter holidays on the Lenk.
SkiT.: What do «7 springs of Simme» mean?
ST.: «D'Sibe Brünne» – the seven springs of the River Simme, which gives the valley its name, is situated on the Rezliberg above Lenk, right at the foot of a mighty limestone wall. The Simme erupts here into a mass of white foam. In summer, up to 2,800 litres flow via the seven springs every second. The «Siebe Brünne», a magical waterfall, is a renowned source of power and a wonderful place to spend some time.
SkiT.: Lenk is amongst special Swiss ski resorts together with Skuol, Leukerbad, Arosa, Bad Ragaz. All these resorts afford ground not only for skiing, but also for health care. How can you describe a uniqueness of Lenk treatment and rehabilitation practices? What health problems can be solved at your resort?
ST.: Up above the Weissenburg a warm spring issues from a rocky crevice. For more than 350 remarkable years, the Bath Weissenburg has been a renowned health spa. In 1604 the city council of Berne paid to have the spring encased in stone, had a bathing pool built and employed a pool attendant. In order to be able to cope with the crowds of people seeking cures, the front bathing and spa building was constructed in 1875. Bath Weissenburg had at this time up to 300 beds and became the meeting place of the European high nobility. When in 1938 the Dutch Queen Wilhelmine was spending time there for a cure with her daughter and Princess Juliana became engaged during the stay to Prince Bernhard, guests flocked from all over the world.
There is a Lenkerhof Gourmet Spa Resort hotel in Lenk. This hotel offers outdoor suphur pool dating back almost 350 years. Hydro massage jets gently massage your back in the 34°C water. Bathing in this water is very good for skin and helps to alleviate skin conditions, rheumatism and joint pain. I also stimulates the metabolism and helps body to detoxify.
SkiT.: What can you tell about slopes and skiing features? What other ski resorts do Lenk border on?
ST.: The Simmental offers with its five ski resorts a unique variety. Excellent ski slopes, top modern lifts but also some secret spots await you.
In our main ski resort Adelboden-Lenk everyone will find their perfect slope. A wide range of rails and obstacles await freestyle skiers and snowboarders in the Gran Masta Park (GMP) on the Hahnenmoos, downhill skiers can carve their way across the wide slopes on the Metsch, and beginners can practice their turns on the flatter Bühlberg slopes.
The Betelberg ski resort, which is located on the other side of town, is well equipped with snow cannons and offers a family-friendly destination which is well known for its wide slopes – just perfect for first-timers. Children can spend the whole day in the Kids Village at the Stoss midway station, being entertained and looked after for just CHF 5 an hour. The permanent snowcross track on the Hasler is guaranteed to get everyone's pulse racing, while cosy alpine bars invite you to simply while away the hours.
SkiT.: As far as we know, Lenk is at an altitude of just 1068 m. Does this fact impact on ski season length? Howlongdoesaskiseasonlast?
ST.: It is true, that the town Lenk is not very high up. The ski resort starts on an altitude of 1068 m and reaches to 2200 m.Our season lasts from end of Novemver/mid-December till the mid-April.
SkiT.: Your resort is year-round, so you receive your guests in winter as well as in summer. What can you tell about summer activities? What can youth and senior people be engaged at?
ST.: When the snow gives way to the lush alpine meadows, the Simmental turns into a mellow hiker's paradise, with over 600km of sign-posted hiking trails. Whether on easy walks, on challenging mountain tours or on numerous bike trails, past glaciers, crystal-clear mountain lakes, wild streams or impressive waterfalls, you will enjoy a marvelous panoramic view onto uncountable mountain peaks. For our guests looking for a particular nature experience, we have just the right answer with our thematic trails.
SkiT.: We know that Lenk is one of Swiss resorts which has «Families Welcome» quality label. Could you share a secret, in what way do you organize work with families, what programs, activities «force» parents and their children to strain after you all year round?
ST.: Children are especially welcome in Lenk! Family friendliness is a point of pride all over the valley. The holiday resort of Lenk imSimmental, awarded the «Families welcome» seal of quality, orients its offers towards this target group in particular. Attractive and varied children's programs will delight our family guests. Activities range from pizza making, pirate camps, go-kart construction, weaving, ceramic painting, adventure days in our rope park and many more. Furthermore in Lenk-Simmental, mountain railways are already included with one overnight stay at a hotel.
SkiT.: Are there off-piste runs and facilities for snowboarders and freeriders? Where can they relax and have a talk after a busy day?
ST.: Snowboarders and free riders feel most comfortable in the Gran Masta Park. The three lines offer everyone – from beginner to professional – the right challenge. More than 30 kickers, rails and obstacles invite you to snowboard and free-ski. The Gran Masta Park is thus one of the largest snow parks in Switzerland.
Locals and experts know many secret rides though and the ski resort provides the possibility for ski and snowboard touring.
After an eventful day of skiing across 210-km of perfectly-prepared pistes and as the sun is setting, Après ski begins to beckon. Cozy lodges, snow bars, pubs and the legendary tepee offer a rustic end to your day.
SkiT.: Are there ski schools in Lenk? What skills and tendencies can they teach children and adults?
ST.: There are three different ski and cross-country schools in Lenk, which have the perfect offer for the whole family, for snowboard fanatics, thrill-seekers, and everyone else! There is not a single skill neither of them would be able to teach. From group lessons in basic skiing for little children till private lessons in biathlon is everything covered.
SkiT.: Judging from the fact that Lenk holds festivals and other crowded events with no troubles, you don't have difficulties with accommodation facilities. Do your guests prefer staying at hotels, residences or chalets?
ST.: There are very few complaints due to noise pollution and if there is any kind of event, which might get a little louder than usually, we warn our guests beforehand. Otherwise we don't have any difficulties.
You can't really say whether our guests prefer to stay in hotels, residences or chalets. We do have many second home owners and we host a lot of guests in holiday rentals and chalets, but there are also great hotels, which are popular.
SkiT.: Can you name the most popular ones?
ST.: The most popular hotel and well known hotel is the Lenkerhof gourmet spa resort, which attracts mainly the upper class. It is a five start hotel and offers superior quality, a large spectrum of choices in the wellness area, different rooms and an absolute gourmet gastronomy.
SkiT.: Lenk is famous for Lenk Jazz. We suppose, the resort looks beyond the only one Jazz festival. WhatotherinterestingeventsareheldinLenk?
ST.: Our events are very diverse. One major topic is the alpine culture. In autumn the cows descend from their pastures and the traditional Alpine Festival takes place – the cultural highlight of the year. In various workshops guests can get introduced by professionals to the art of yodeling, playing the alphorn, producing cheese, as well as the traditional Swiss sports of wrestling and hornussen.
Besides that and many more there is a sledge dog and a night race in the winter as well as a gospel and jazz workshops in the summer.
SkiT.: Do you have any special offers for ski pass buying for different categories of tourists?
ST.: Starting in winter 16/17 our guests receive more for their money. Included in the winter-special is an overnight stay with breakfast and your personal day pass for the ski area Adelboden-Lenk – and this for an unbeatable price.
There are special offers for families.
SkiT.: What countries do your tourists usually come from? What is the fastest way of getting to Lenk from main airports and railway stations?
ST.: Most of our tourists are from Switzerland. Especially during the winter we host a lot of daily guests, but of course some tourists from further away as well.
The Simmental is only a few hours away from the Zürich, Basel, or Geneva international airports, and a flight that takes you directly to Bern-Belp is practically in the Bernese Oberland already. Once in Belp, it's a 1-hr drive or a relaxing 1 hr 45min by train.
Traveling on the A6 motorway Bern-Thun, take the Wimmis/Zweisimmen exit through the Simmenfluh Tunnel, on the other side of which begins your journey up the Simme River Valley. The main road in the valley, the Simmentalstrasse, is open year-round.
Coming from Bulle and the Canton of Freiburg, one can reach Lenk via Charmey by traveling over the Jaunpass into the Simmental (Boltigen) or by traveling via Château d'Oex-Saanen-Zweisimmen.


text:
Former MSD Resource Officer Says He Fears For His Safety
Filed Under:Local TV, Marjory Stoneman Douglas, Mass Shooting, MSD, Parkland, School Shooting, Scot Peterson
MIAMI (CBSMiami) – The disgraced Broward Sheriff's Deputy who was the school resource officer at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School the day of the massacre says he fears for his safety.
It's in a new court filing in the case brought against him by Andrew Pollack, whose daughter Meadow was killed.
Scot Peterson is trying to delay a December 17th deposition but asks that, whenever it's held, Pollack and several others be kept away.
He cites "Hostile cat-calls" from people at the MSD Commission meeting when his attorney announced Peterson was not showing up to testify.
Peterson also said that when he tried launching a go-fund-me account.
He says he got threatening messages, including one from Andrew Pollack that said, "The only thing we should help him with… Is which solid tree to hang a noose from."
John E Walker says:
The ultimate coward. He can't be shamed enough.
John Lockwood (@ORLockwood) says:
Wow!! What a coward! To think it will probably get a pension for the rest of it's life.
Peter N. Angel (@dieselpete954) says:
LOL no different then the day he ran away from helping those poor kids…. He was scared that day too


NIAMEY, Niger (AP) — Suspected Boko Haram militants raided a village in southeastern Niger, killing 16 people and looting shops, witnesses said Thursday.
The attack occurred on Wednesday night in a village not far from the border with Nigeria, said Adam Boukarna, who runs a radio station in the nearby town of Diffa.
"The assailants arrived on motorbikes and opened fire on anything that moved before pillaging shops and other business," Boukarna said. Multiple people were injured, including some "who were in a very bad state," he said.
Southeast Niger borders Boko Haram's base in northeast Nigeria, and the region has been hit multiple times by the Nigeria-based extremists. Niger is one of five countries contributing to a regional force created to wipe out Boko Haram, whose six-year insurgency has left an estimated 20,000 dead, according to Amnesty International.
Niger is also home to more than 138,000 refugees who have fled Boko Haram's attacks in Nigeria, according to U.N. figures.


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Treat someone special to these amazing coloured glass rice charms. Celebrate magical moments and have a bit of fun. Add names, dates, locations, or simply tell someone how much you love them. Be inspirational and choose words that remind someone just how special they are.
These beautiful rice charms have been created as keepsakes, and as something to treasure and pass on.