text:
Q: Forcing a mapper to stop its execution I have a file that I divided up into splits, each split will be given to a mapper.
I want to put something like "budget time" so when the mapper exceeds this time it stops the execution of its current task and the whole tasks on which it is responsible. How can I do so in Hadoop MapReduce. In other words, how can I force the mapper to stop its execution after exceeding the budget time?

A: So if control of 'budget time' is in the hands of the mapper itself then you can override the run() of org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper class and only execute map() till the 'budget time' elapses.
You can have it something like this:
public static class MapJob extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text, Text> {

    private Text outputKey = new Text();
    private Text outputValue = new Text();
    private Date  startTime;
    private int budgetTimeInMilliSeconds;

    // in setup method set the startTime with surrent datetime
    @override
    public void setup(Context context){
        startTime = new Date();
        // also get the budgetTimeInMilliSeconds from configs
    }

    @Override
    public void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
     // Do your map thing
    }

    @Override
    public void run(Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {

        setup(context);
        while (context.nextKeyValue()) {
        Date currentTime = new Date();
            if(currentTime.getTime()-startTime.getTime() > budgetTimeInMilliSeconds) {
                map(context.getCurrentKey(), context.getCurrentValue(), context);
            }else{
                break; // stop further execution of mapper
            }
        }
    }

    cleanup(context);
}


Here's an upside to soaring food prices: big gains for certain websites.
At www.allrecipes.com, traffic to low-budget and quick-and-easy recipes has nearly doubled over the last three months. Www.thriftyfun.com recorded more than 4 million page views in March, almost twice the number than in the same month last year. And www.hillbillyhousewife.com, not known for recipes involving truffle oil or sauteed chanterelles, has more visitors too.
People who get a kick out of saving are eager for ideas.
"We've had more tips than at any other time in our site's history," said Jessica Stewartmaize, editor at ThiftyFun, which began in 1997 as a weekly e-mail newsletter called the Coupon Clipper and evolved into a website two years later.
It's quite a departure from the old days -- a couple of years ago -- when it was "an embarrassment" to talk about being a penny pincher, said Pamela Munro, an actor and ThriftyFun blogger who lives in Hollywood. "You were supposed to spend money, not talk about how to save it."
Now people proudly swap ideas about how to freeze cabbage (it can be done) or make a spam casserole (there are many variations) or make powdered milk taste better (add a dash of vanilla). Food frugality is as in as chateaubriand is out.
"All of a sudden, it's more than acceptable," Munro said. "It's downright trendy."
The average cost of basic groceries, including rice, flour and milk, has been climbing this year at an annual rate of about 5%, according to the Labor Department, the sharpest increase in 18 years.
"I refuse to spend $4 on a loaf of bread," said Andrea Garza, who lives in Sanger, east of Fresno, and feeds her family of five for about $75 a week. "I'm just not going to do it when I can make it for 30 cents."
In fact, Garza makes practically everything -- tortillas, pancake mix, jellies, maple syrup, even laundry soap. She has eight chickens, which solves the egg problem. She doesn't own a cow, so she buys powdered milk, acting on advice she found on HillbillyHousewife.
"From the powdered milk -- this is where I start to sound a little crazy -- I make all my own yogurt and all my own cream cheese, and my own butter too," said Garza, who acknowledges getting a lot of ideas from www.thefamilyhomestead.com and shares some tips on www.hopefulhousewife.com, her own website.
"People want to make the most of every last bit of their ingredients," said Esmee Williams, the site's vice president of marketing.
Requests for ways to prepare pricier offerings, such as steak and salmon, also jumped significantly, indicating that people who want to enjoy finer cuts of meat or fish are looking for new ways to cook them up at home.
Ethnic food recipes are also in demand. The search for Chinese recipes swelled 200% from January through March from the prior three-month period, Williams said, and nearly twice as many people went hunting for Indian dishes.
"For us, that was evidence that people were trying to re-create restaurant experiences at home," she said.
Ethnic food suits Khalid Abdullah, who was recently buying beef kabobs and rice for lunch at Grand Central Market in downtown Los Angeles. When he and his wife have Indian and Middle Eastern food these days, they usually make it at home. His income is "above average," Abdullah said, but inflation has made everyone take notice.
"It's not just people with average incomes," said the computer network administrator, who lives in Anaheim Hills. "We're at the point where we're watching carefully right now."


Eric Dodd – perhaps known better by his Internet moniker Unxmaal – is an Alpharetta, Georgia based author of speculative horror fiction, and was the first author to be featured on the NoSleep Podcast when it debuted.
Dodd grew up in rural Alabama, where he started reading adult fiction early, and regularly read Stephen King novels by the age of ten. He now works in the IT industry, and lives with his family in the Atlanta metro area.


Download Future Cars app for android.
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How to download Future Cars for Android? Download it straight from your browser or with file manager application. Just go to the download page and save the APK file. Do you wonder how to install Future Cars? This task should be very easy. Launch the saved APK file and proceed. Some users may experience the situation of not starting the installation. Android restricts that by default. Enable Unknown Sources in Android Settings to bypass it. View how to install and use Future Cars videos on YouTube.
Is Future Cars available for PC? Can I download Future Cars on iPhone? You will need android emulator in order to install it on Mac or Windows computer. Jailbreak have to be done in order to install android emulator on iOS. Download Android emulator of your choice and run it. Browse media content about Future Cars or shop for Future Cars app.
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text:
Nerdist News
The Dan Cave
Nerdist School
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Joe Manganiello is Starring in a Morrissey-Approved Smiths Film
Posted by Matt Grosinger on May 6, 2016
This headline sounds like Clickhole phoned in an article right before the weekend—or like an intern accidentally published a scrapped two-month old April Fool's post. But alas, it appears that Joe Manganiello actually is producing and starring (via IMDbPro) in a Smiths film that has somehow been approved by the world's most curmudgeonly curmudgeon, Morrissey.
According to Pitchfork, Shoplifters of the World recounts events inspired by a story concerning a disturbed Smiths fan who allegedly took a Denver radio station hostage in the '80s and demanded they play the Smiths on repeat (sound familiar?). The film, written and directed by Stephen Kijak, takes place on the date in 1987 that the Smiths broke up. 359 Inc., Manganiello's production company that he runs with his brother Nick, will be responsible for the project.
How did the beloved Magic Mike and Pee Wee's Big Holiday actor get Morrissey to oblige this request? In 2014, he explained to Collider that Kijack had a previous relationship with the famously prickly Smiths frontman, so it just took some time. Manganiello is a self-described Smiths fan, so we imagine this is yet another passion project for the physically-too-handsome actor. Nerdist has reached out to Manganiello's production company for further details, and will update as this story develops.
We spoke to Joe Manganiello about his last passion project, La Bare, which is about one of the most famous strip clubs in America, and you can check out the conversation below.
Want to see Joe Manganiello laugh like Pee-Wee Herman? Of course you do:
Image Credit: HBO
Matt Grosinger is the music editor of Nerdist, and The Queen Is Dead is his favorite Smiths album by farrrrrrr. You can follow his musings here.
Joe Manganiello, morrissey, The Smiths
The Cast of PEE-WEE'S BIG HOLIDAY Describes The Plot of Fake Pee-Wee Sequels
Review: PEE-WEE'S BIG HOLIDAY is Sweet, Silly, and Satisfying
SALAD FINGERS is Back and Still Charmingly Terrifying
INTO THE SPIDER-VERSE Score Is Coming to Vinyl (Exclusive)
LITTLE MONSTERS Is a Bloody, Brilliant Zombie Comedy (Review)
Judging HARRY POTTER Wands By How Aesthetically Pleasing They Are
Schlock & Awe: Chuck Norris in INVASION U.S.A.
Was THE SIMPSONS' "Homer at the Bat" Lineup Really That Good?
The RICK AND MORTY Concept Album Has Its First Music Video
VIKINGS Midseason Finale Clip Shows Ivar Waging War on Lagertha (Exclusive)
Take a Peek Inside GUARDIANS OF THE GALAXY: CREATING MARVEL'S SPACEFARING SUPER HEROES (Exclusive)
Home Geekonomics: A Very GOLDEN GIRLS Christmas
Pierce Hawthorne Drops Out: Chevy Chase Leaves "Community"
Paramount+ and Showtime are merging into a new offering. All the details: https://t.co/qi7Dkl3sVb https://t.co/hMSPJJkpf3
Nerdist.com

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: AWS API gateway with STS and Custom Authenticator -- anyone with example with browser client? I'm haivng a hard time getting this one to work, and I'm wondering if anyone might have a working code example I can glean over.  Here's my requirement:

*

*One AWS Lambda function (let's called it BizFunction), fronted by AWS API Gateway, and configured with custom authorizer.

*Another AWS Lambda function (let's called it LoginFunction), also fronted by AWS API without any authorization.  During the login process, LoginFunction authenticates user's credential input against user database and, if verified, creates a Cognito identity with STS.  The credential, session token, etc. is then subsequently returned back to user's browser.

What I can't figure out is how to write the code to invoke BizFunction.  I'm using the generated client SDK as provided by AWS API Gateway and my custom authorizer gets the entire Authorization string of "AWS4-HMAC-SHA256 Credential=..../2016..../eu-west-2/execute-api/aws4_request, SignedHeaders=accept;host;x-amz-date;x-api-key, Signature=.....".  But how do I convert that into a Cognito identity, and then subsequently identified the user?
My client is a browser, and most of the examples I found are mobile-based.  Does anyone have any working example or pointer on how I can proceed?
Thanks in advance!

A: You will not be able to use custom authorizers with requests that are signed with AWS credentials. If you are signing the request to API Gateway using the session credentials, simply enable "AWS_IAM" authentication.
If you want to see the identity, these will be available as part of the $context.identity variables.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


This spring a viral campaign infiltrated Instagram, Twitter and Facebook and forced us to look at the way we share our images on those three mediums. It was a controversial campaign that was ultimately revealed as a marketing stunt for cancer awareness, which infuriated some and amused others. Some rallied behind it as a message about female beauty standards, while others (myself included) saw it as a negative statement on women's beauty choices.
We live in an era of viral stunts for 'awareness', November for example is a month dedicated to moustaches for Movember, this summer the internet was taken by storm for the Ice Bucket Challenge, but there's something about the No Makeup Selfie that I've always had a hard time shaking.
The obsession with women in their 'natural state' is nothing new. It's what fuels 'Celebrities without makeup' editions of Us Weekly and People Magazine. It's the fodder of countless Buzzfeed articles, and it fits with our obsession over 'no retouching' of photographs. We feel entitled to see women as they really are and not how a magazine editor decides their neck and hands and thighs should look.
So it's no surprise that when celebrities post their own No Makeup Selfies it's almost as a gesture or act of authenticity and inclusiveness. Megan Fox started her Instagram account this summer with one, Beyonce's done a few, most recently last month and Gwyneth Paltrow has done it on numerous occasions. It's a way for women with strong branding to show their fans and followers that they indeed are real, to reveal their own self.
But the problem with the #NoMakeupSelfie is that it is just another example of the double edged sword when that women face when it comes to their appearance.
Here's a question for the guys and the girls: How many times has a friend, colleague, co-worker or family member asked if you look 'tired'?
Now just a question for the ladies: How many times was it simply because you wore makeup one day and didn't the next?
There are countless articles, and experiments and studies that talk about this beauty conundrum. That women should wear makeup, shouldn't wear makeup, or that they shouldn't need to feel that they need to wear makeup. There's a lot of assumptions about what it means if you do wear makeup or what it means if you don't. Men and women both say they prefer women looking 'natural', but 'natural' makeup looks are often even more complicated than regular makeup!
I think my weariness with the #NoMakeupSelfie and the 'natural makeup' trend-wave is that it's another 'movement' that boosts one standard of beauty while denouncing another. I'm tired of the nitpicking over plastic surgery or contouring or 'fakery'. I'm tired of people criticizing women at work who 'try too hard' because they look nice, or 'should really pull it together' because they don't wear enough. Natural is touted as 'refreshing' but only because we've gotten to the point where we resent women who try to look different.
Makeup and beauty are ways to express yourself, don't let other people's concepts of what is 'beautiful' impact your enjoyment of yourself. Your beauty is for your enjoyment, anybody elses is a bonus, and anybody who says anything negative can shake it off. .


Home and Garden decor and design have always been the ultimate goals of those who are responsible for their own homes and gardens. Home and Garden decor and design is based on the principle of designs and decor that are seen in the tv programs and magazines distributed by this company. If you are a person who does not like confusion, then redefining your property could be a straightforward as eliminating the undesired items from your house or at least cutting down the overgrown trees from the garden. These resources teach people who straightforward, basic changes and additions can covert into a space, either home or garden design, into something entirely different and amazing.
The home and garden decor and design is a combination of different elements. The living space of typical people can be transformed into Home and Garden decor and design that is beautiful.The designers start with the fundamentals and try in deciding if they need to make changes in making a space that is ideal for home and garden designs. they either tear them down or add walls. They may soften some corners or add some walling to the doorway.
The rooms in Home and Garden decor and design are picture perfect before they qualify for this title. The spaces have decent wallpaper or ideal perfect paint color. The hues and tones are not ordinary. For it to effect a dramatic change, some colors are used. The pieces of furniture will be the most up to date styles.Creating a comfortable and beautiful living space helps to reduce stress and stimulates the mind of every person.Using a creative way to display your items can give a room a completely new look. These gardens are planned and executed carefully in creating an atmosphere for family and friends. The family will want to spend time in the wonderful atmosphere. The garden structures will add enchantment to a garden space and the pavement and fountains will be placed to make the garden as beautiful as any room.
Online sellers are the most convenient way of buying and there are various merchants available on such websites. It's like getting the whole thing under one roof. You do not need to compromise when it comes to quality. If you go to an online shopping, you will be able to get more options. If it is not enough, you will enjoy the benefit of discounted range.


MUMBAI: Japan's Advantest has announced its new T6373 LCD driver test system for LCD source, gate and one-chip controller driver ICs. Available from July it comes equipped with up to 3072 channels and offers parallel test for up to 32 devices.
Advantest is an automatic test equipment supplier to the semiconductor industry, and also produces electronic and optoelectronic instruments and systems. Spurred by next year's Beijing Olympics and by the rapid transitioning of television broadcast technology from analogue to digital, there is a growing worldwide demand for large, high-definition LCD panels, destined for use mainly for flat-panel digital televisions.
Such demand is expected to result in an expansion in the market for LCD driver ICs, a key component of LCD panels. Forecasts suggest that by 2010, shipments of these ICs will increase by around 45 per cent, but that this will represent a monetary increase of just seven per cent. This will lead to mounting pricing pressure for producers.
The firm says that the new T6373 contributes greatly to reducing test costs. It has up to 512 channels for digital test of image signal inputs and 3072 channels for LCD test of outputs, doubling that of the previous model on both counts, and it provides parallel testing of up to 32 units.
It also has twice the capacity of its predecessor for parallel testing of 684-pin and 720-pin driver ICs commonly used in large LCD televisions, with the result that four such devices can now be tested simultaneously.
The T6373 has a high-accuracy digitiser unit for each of its LCD channels, enabling testing of higher bit resolution and pin count ICs at a throughput 1.5 times greater than that of its predecessor. It offers lower cost high- precision testing for a wide range of devices, from mass-produced items such as 8-bit (512 grayscale) and 10-bit (1024 grayscale) driver ICs for digital consumer electronics, to new and next-generation items like the 12-bit (4096 grayscale) driver ICs.


art lived, art discussed, art enjoyed...art in action.
You Tube Pick: What is Art?
An old rusty bell, discarded spring coils, splintered wooden dowels; artist Joan Rasmussen has a knack for spotting these intriguing objects and giving them new life and meaning long after their original purpose for existing has long passed.
She first started out as a trained painter, then turned to ceramic arts 10 years ago. She spent five years learning the craft, including studying at Penland School of Crafts.
Before she takes a "found object" home, she must first connect with it and be able to envision how it will be used in a new piece of artwork.
She was once fired as a Girl Scout Troop Leader for turning a troop meeting into an art event (though the Scouts themeselves thought she was "the coolest leader ever").
She says: "Collecting, gathering, and repurposing is a favorite pastime. It was therefore natural and predetermined that I would incorporate found objects with my interpretation of the figure."
Although she is a ceramics artist now, she is still most comfortable with a painter's tools. She uses brushes instead of the traditional ceramic tools to sculpture her figures, snapping off the ends of the long brushes to make them easier to use.
Jan Huling's booth at last week's SOFA Expo caught my eye with its vibrant colors and interesting sculpture. But it wasn't until I got closer that I realized everything was covered in beads! Gazillions of them. Tiny, tiny beads only a few times the size of large grains of sand.
Her website warns "she is liable to bead anything that stands still." I secretly kick myself for not holding my breath or standing still enough during the interview.
Jan's designs are so intricate and well designed, with a seemingly perfect placement of every single bead. Had someone like Jan Huling showed up at Career Day decades ago when I was in middle school, I surely would have chosen a different career. Why didn't anyone tell me that "Beader" was a viable option?
She was inspired to start beading after her sister beaded a Pez Dispenser. Jan joined her sibling on the "beading bandwagon" and first beaded several Kazoos.
She quit her day job two years ago because she knew that in order to build a complete body of work she would have to "bead" full time.
Jan is now represented by the Lyons Wier Gallery after participating in the The ART Bazaar where she sold $10,000 worth of beaded sculptures in 10 hours .
She was a commercial artist for 30 years, including time spent at Hallmark as a greeting card designer.
She turned down a full-time job with Avon after 9/11, to pursue her passion, not because Avon isn't completely fabulous and wonderful, but because "life is too short to go out working for someone else."
I checked out Jan's website and particularly liked "Beaded Mao Shelf" and "Bad Baby". I speculate that a woman who can bead this intricately must be disciplined, organized and head-smart, but also judging by her subject matter (and the silver studded booty-holes) whimsical, fun and open-minded. If my thoughts are correct, a very nice combination indeed.
Jan Huling not only seems to love what she does, she looks like she loves what she does. Youthful and effervescent, I have a hard time believing she has been a commercial artist for 30 years. Goes to show, do what you love and the beauty will follow.
I have to say, I couldn't agree more.
Last week, after receiving an announcement through the "internet grapevine", I went to see the work of Delphine Diallo and ended up having quite a unique experience. The collaged photograph on the invitation intrigued me so much that I decided I would go and see her work up close and in-person. I hadn't encountered Ms. Diallo's work before but it was reminiscent of the renowned photographer Peter Beard's style. I rsvp'ed to the event and asked for a confirmation. Radio silence. I decided to go anyway. Little did I know that I'd be crashing her private art viewing party.
ART Punctuate! is organized and curated by Rashida "Chida" Craddock. Rashida is an artist, journalist, writer and all-around creative rejoicer who believes that art when lived in action enriches both the individual and the world. Enjoy a little bit of art everyday.
Blood Art: How Vile is Painting with Vials?


text:
Полта́вський сільський округ (, ) — адміністративна одиниця у складі Атбасарського району Акмолинської області Казахстану. Адміністративний центр — село Полтавка.

Населення — 1067 осіб (2009; 1062 в 1999, 1253 у 1989).

Склад
До складу округу входять такі населені пункти:

Примітки

Сільські округи Атбасарського району

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Happy is the one who fears?
Psalm 128 begins with a statement that seems to be impossible: "Happy (or blessed) is everyone who fears the Lord." It seems to be contradictory to put "happy" and "fear" together in the soul of a person. The two emotions seem to be mutually exclusive of each other.
Edgar Wallace described fear as "a tyrant and a despot, more terrible than the rack, more potent than the snake." In his first inaugural address, Franklin Delano Roosevelt stated, "The only thing we have to fear is fear itself," then he went on to define fear as a "nameless, unreasoning, unjustified terror which paralyzes needed efforts to convert retreat into advance."
How could a person possibly be happy with such terror (or with such a tyrant) stomping around within one's soul?
But what if the fear of the Lord is different than being terrorized by fear?
The evidence of Scripture suggests that they are different. In Exodus 20:20 (just after the giving of the 10 Commandments), Moses says to the people, "Do not be afraid, for God has come only to test you and to put the fear of Him upon you so that you do not sin."
Moses calls us away from the kind of fear that paralyzes us and terrifies us; he calls us to the fear of the Lord that enriches our lives.
Phillip Keller provides a wonderful picture of the two kinds of fear in his book Lessons from a Sheep Dog. He writes about his experience bringing a severely mistreated Sheep Dog to his sheep ranch in British Columbia. Because of the mistreatment the dog had been subjected to, Lass was terrified of Phillip Keller. He records, "As I put Lass into my old car and started off down the road to 'Fairwinds' she was sure something terrible was about to happen. She crouched on the floor behind my seat, trembling and tense with apprehension. Even when I stretched out my hand to touch her head, or spoke softly in reassuring tones, she withdrew in terror, snarling with tension." (p. 40-41)
That's the kind of fear Moses calls us away from—the kind of fear that leave us terrified, suspicious of all that comes our way, snarling with tension at others and at God.
As the book progresses, Phillip Keller describes the change that takes place as Lass begins to trust him. Later in the book, Keller writes, "The use of this word 'fear' all through the Old Testament scriptures has, most unfortunately, left the wrong impression upon our minds. And it was Lass, more than anyone else, who brought me to a clear concept of its true meaning. 'To fear,' with regard to God means to reverence, to respect, to regard with awe and affection, to hold in such loving esteem as to be afraid of offending or grieving the One so admired. This was the attitude Lass held toward me. It had been built on trust. It had grown gradually with the realization she could count on the consistency of my conduct and credibility of my character. She had come to see me as more than just her master, but also her friend. We were fellow-workers in the great responsibilities of running the ranch. Her loyalty was grounded in love." (p. 76-77)
That's the kind of fear God calls us to: Not the kind of fear that leaves us suspiciously snarling at God, but the kind of fear that causes us to honor and revere God so highly that we bow before Him in worship and seek to honor Him with our obedience.
The fear of gravity is similar. I hope you are not awakened at night from nightmares of gravity chasing after you like a malevolent monster who keeps trying to throw you to the ground. But I hope that if you are standing at the edge of the Grand Canyon, gazing into the chasm below, that you will have a healthy fear of the law of gravity. I hope the fear of gravity will keep you from leaning over too far so that you are free to enjoy the Canyon's amazing beauty without plummeting to your death.
That's the kind of thing Psalm 128 has in mind when it counsels us, "Happy is everyone who fears the Lord…." When we revere God our lives are enriched.
Unless the Lord builds the house….
Journalist Bernard Levin once observed, "Countries like ours are full of people who have all the material comforts they desire, together with non-material blessings like a happy family, and yet lead lives of quiet and, at times, noisy desperation, understanding nothing but the fact there is a hole inside them, and that however much food or drink they pour into it, however many motor cars and television sets they stuff it with, however many children and friends they parade around the edges of it…IT ACHES."
Out of his own personal experience with such an ache, King Solomon wrote the opening verses of Psalm 127: "Unless the Lord builds the house, those who build it labor in vain. Unless the Lord guards the city, the guard keeps watch in vain. It is in vain that you rise up early and go late to rest, eating the bread of anxious toil; for He gives sleep to His beloved."
It seems that the "you" in verse 2 is not so much aimed at the reader as at himself, for in Ecclesiastes 2:11 Solomon confides, "Then I considered all that my hands had done and the toil I had spent in doing it, and again, all was vanity and a chasing after wind, and there was nothing to be gained under the sun."
Solomon started off well. He began his reign by seeking the leading of God for his life and for his kingdom. But over time, he became more and more enamored with foreign wives and with the international clout they brought him. Over the years, he took 1000 wives and had 300 concubines. He became less and less faithful to God, and more and more welcoming of foreign gods. His kingdom ceased to be a kingdom built by God and filled with the goodness of God. It became a nation driven by his self-absorbed heart, and consumed with displays of his power and prominence.
As this went on, Solomon became increasingly and painfully aware of the truth that "unless the Lord builds the house, those who build it labor in vain." And he became increasingly and painfully conscious of the reality that his self-absorbed life was "vanity and a chasing after wind."
The movement in this psalm from verses 1-2 to verses 3-5 is significant. Don't be misled, though, by a fantasized perspective of what verses 3-5 seems to say. The mere production of sons is not always a blessing. Solomon knew this well from his own family of origin: One of Solomon's brothers raped a half-sister. Another brother killed the rapist. That same brother staged a rebellion against their father. Another brother tried to steal away Solomon's crown. Then, at Solomon's death, his own son broke apart the kingdom of Israel by trying to exploit even greater personal wealth from his subjects.
It is not simply that the production of sons and/or daughters creates happiness, but we learn two vital lessons from raising children:
1: Children teach us that life is not about what we toil after.
Bob Deffinbaugh points out, "Some scholars have suggested that this Psalm was originally two separate psalms. They propose this because the connection between verses 1 and 2 and verses 3-5 is an enigma to them. I personally am convinced that there is a very clear sequence and progression of thought. Children provide an excellent conclusion to the argument of verses 1 and 2…. The provision of children differs from that for which men toil. When men work they are striving for wages, not a gift. Wages are what we produce with the work of our hands. Gifts are those things generously and graciously given to us by another. Children, verse 3 informs us, are a gift from God….
"Isn't it interesting that children, while given by God, are conceived when we are at rest, not when we toil. Children are normally conceived in bed. What a beautiful illustration, then, of what we are told in verse 2, that God gives to His beloved in his sleep."
2: Raising children teaches us that contentment comes from the giving of love rather than the amassing of fortune or power.
I want to be careful with my words here, because verses 3-5 can stomp painfully on those who have longed for children but not received such a blessing, or who have lost a child, or who are estranged from a child. But the general principle of verses 3-5 is vital: satisfaction in life comes not from what we amass for ourselves but from the love we give to others.
The Holy Spirit is busy growing Christ's character in us. At the very core of who Christ is is the giving of Himself to those whom He loves. Children are natural recipients of a parent's self-giving love, but even without children the principle holds true: We are most Christ-like and most content when we are giving of ourselves to another in love. May we focus more on giving love than on toiling for ourselves.
Hope for those in a desert
Psalm 126 is a psalm that is written for those who are going through tough times. It is written for those who know what it is like to wander in the desert (literal or figurative), tired and thirsty, with your energy depleted, longing for water, praying for rain, and waiting and waiting and waiting.
It was written for a people who endured hundreds of years of slavery in Egypt, who faced hundreds of years of harassment from surrounding nations, who went through internal schism that ripped their nation apart, and who were dragged away as captives to live in exile for decades in the land of the nation that conquered them.
It is written for people who deal with personal hardships, with chronic pain, with disappointments in life, with tragedies, with prayers that remain unanswered day after day or month after month.
The psalm begins with rejoicing over the return of exiles to Jerusalem. It declares, with joy, that God "has done great things for us!" But the hope this psalm presents is actually the kind of hope that is like streams in the desert (verse 4), and it is the kind of hope that involves sowing our tears (verses 5-6).
On most days, "streams in the desert" are dry ruts—rocky and sandy creases in the barren land. But on those occasional times when rainclouds build up overhead and release their contents, the otherwise dry riverbeds fill with life-giving water. The water brings plants to life and provides life-giving sustenance to desert creatures.
Psalm 126 is the hope of those who live in a desert, who recognize that life will not be a perennial outpouring of blessings upon them, but who continue to pray throughout those long, dry stretches that God will send the refreshment they need before it is too late. Psalm 126 reminds us that we must become the kind of people who learn how to live not with the expectation of perennial blessings but by retaining and preserving every precious gift of refreshment God sends our way.
Many people live under the false impression that a crop of joy grows out of a commitment to face all of life's troubles happily. They would expect this psalm to advise us to put on a happy face no matter what problems might confront us. They would suggest that if we sow our masks of happiness, we will eventually reap the happiness we were pretending was there. However, if we sow a pretend smile, all we will get back is more pretension. If we sow hypocrisy, hypocrisy is what we will reap.
If, on the other hand, we want to reap a joy that is real, we need to plant that which is real. If our tears are what is real to us as we go through those desert times in our lives, then what we need to do is to plant our tears in the good soil of God's love. It is that soil of God's rich love that will bring forth the fruit of joy in our souls. As the apostle Paul points out in 1 Corinthians 15, the seed that is sown dies and comes up from the ground in a gloriously new form. The tears we deposit in the soil of God's love will come to new life in the fruit of joy—a confidence and well-being at the core of our soul that knows that God is with us, that He loves us, and that He will walk through it all with us until He brings us to the home He has prepared for us in heaven.
The Difference Faith Makes
God calls us to a life of trusting in Him not because God's ego will be boosted if He can recruit more followers, but because our lives are enriched tremendously through a life of faith.
That's the point that is made in the opening verses of Psalm 125: "Those who trust in the Lord are like Mount Zion, which cannot be shaken but endures forever. As the mountains surround Jerusalem, so the Lord surrounds His people both now and forevermore."
The focus here is not how strong or consistent or courageous our faith is, but how dependable and good is the One in whom we put our faith. It is not that we will be unshakeable if we can learn to hold onto God tightly enough; it is that we are unshakeable because God surrounds us now and forevermore with His care and goodness.
Eugene Peterson points out, "We wander like sheep, true; but He is a faithful shepherd who pursues us relentlessly. We have our ups and downs, zealously believing one day and gloomily doubting the next, but he is faithful. We break our promises, but He doesn't break His. Discipleship is not a contract in which if we break our part of the agreement He is free to break His; it is a covenant in which He establishes the conditions and guarantees the results." (A Long Obedience in the Same Direction, p. 85)
J. Alistair Brown shares a helpful illustration: "The 3-year-old felt secure in his father's arms as Dad stood in the middle of the pool. But Dad began walking slowly toward the deep end, gently chanting, 'Deeper and deeper and deeper,' as the water rose higher and higher on the child. The lad's face registered increasing degrees of panic, and he held all the more tightly to his father, who, of course, easily touched the bottom.
"Had the little boy been able to analyze his situation, he'd have realized there was no reason for increased anxiety. The water's depth in any part of the pool was over his head. Even in the shallowest part, had he not been held up, he'd have drowned. His safety anywhere in that pool depended on Dad.
"At various points in our lives, all of us feel we're getting 'out of our depth'—problems abound, a job is lost, someone dies. Our temptation is to panic, for we feel we've lost control. Yet, as with the child in the pool, the truth is we've never been in control over the most valuable things of life. We've always been held up by the grace of God, our Father, and that does not change. God is never out of his depth, and therefore we're as safe when we're 'going deeper' as we have ever been."
That's the message conveyed to us in the opening verses of Psalm 125: God surrounds us with His care, and that care will never fade away. We can live in peace because God holds us securely.
Another benefit of a life of trust is that as we trust God, He will lead us in the right way to live.
Psalm 125:3-5 states, "The scepter of the wicked will not remain over the land allotted to the righteous, for then the righteous might use their hands to do evil. Do good, O Lord, to those who are good, to those who are upright in heart. But those who turn to crooked ways the Lord will banish with the evildoers. Peace be upon Israel."
Henry Ward Beecher stresses, "The strength and the happiness of a person consist in finding out the way in which God is going, and in going in that way, too."
Ted Koppel adds, "There's harmony and inner peace to be found in following a moral compass that points in the same direction, regardless of fashion or trend."
That's what a life of trusting in God does. It points us in the right direction regardless of fashion on trend. It leads to a life of greater strength and happiness.
Our Help is in God
Psalm 124 makes a wonderful promise to us about God: "Our help is in the name of the Lord, the Maker of heaven and earth."
The word translated into English as help is the Hebrew word Ezer. Ezer appears in the Hebrew Scriptures 21 times. Generally the word is used to describe God as the Help of Israel or as our Help, as it does here.
Three times the word ezer refers to a supporting army coming to the rescue. To a significant extent, that's what Psalm 124:8 tells us about God: Are you in danger or trouble? Call out to God in prayer, and God will rush to help you like a rescuing army would.
Bryan Chapell shares, "One of the most powerful images of my wife's childhood came when she and a neighbor girl were playing in some woods behind their homes. The neighbor girl wandered from the path and stepped into a nest of ground bees. As the bees began to swarm and sting, the girls began to scream for help. Suddenly, out of nowhere—like Superman, my wife says—her dad came crashing through the woods, leaping over fallen logs, hurdling vines and bushes. He swooped up a girl under each arm and tore through the woods at full speed to get away from the bees. As he ran, the father's grip bruised the children's arms, branches scratched their thighs, and thorns grabbed at their clothes and skin. The rescue hurt, but it was better than the bees. The image is not so unlike our heavenly Father's work. He sees the danger and, at times even before we call out, comes crashing into our worlds. From some throne above the universe, he hurdles galaxies and the infinite expanse of time to enter our realities and take us from spiritual danger. His rescue may hurt, but the goal is always our safety, and the motive is always his love." (Holiness by Grace)
Two other uses of the word ezer come up in Genesis 2:18 and 2:20, where the word is used to describe Eve as the help and the rescue for Adam's loneliness. Ezer retains its sense of a strong army rushing to the rescue of one in need, but here it is combined with a sense of intimacy and love. The rescue Adam needed was a rescue of intimate connection and abiding love—which is actually the rescue we are in greatest need of in our lives.
When we combine these two aspects of ezer, we see that the help God promises us is the help of a rescuing army and the help of a loving partner who comes alongside of us to stand with us through the most difficult struggles of our lives.
When a couple gets married, they share vows in which they promise to love and remain faithful to one another in sickness and health, in sorrow and joy, in poverty and wealth—for better or for worse. By using the word that described Eve as the loving, rescuing life-partner to Adam, this verse reminds us that God is the One who will stand by our side, faithful and loving, in sickness and health, in poverty and wealth, in joy and in sorrow through all of eternity.
It has been written about Jesus:
He gave away everything, that we might have God's best.
He wore a yoke, that our burdens might be lifted.
He wept, that our tears may be wiped away.
He cried, that we might rejoice.
He was rejected, that we might be accepted.
He was shamed, that we might have dignity.
He became poor, that we might be rich in Him.
He had no place to lay His head, that He could prepare a mansion for us in heaven.
That's our Ezer. That's our rescuing and loving help from above!


I pick the Great lash mascara up a few days ago so i thought i would give a demo of what it looks like on.
I have heard this mascara is big with make up artists and has been around years!
Ruth from a a model recommends (YT) who had been a model for nearly 10 years mentioned this as one that is used alot.
So i had to give it a try, especially as its only £5.19!!
I picked mine up from Boots and it is in Blackest black.
The brush is quite small, i normally prefer a bigger brush but it is good for getting in to the corners and the smaller lashes.
This brush would be really good if you don't hair long lashes.
I think it is a good mascara, not the best I've every tryed but at only £5.19 its pretty good right?
Its not so amazing that im not going to try others but i definitely would pick it up again.
Its a great if your looking for a cheap high street mascara.
I like to slick this mascara on first and then use 17's Va Va Voom over the top as it has a huge wand and gives a really good effect!
wow what a difference!!! you have gorgeous eyes!
This was the very first mascara I ever bought!! Used it for years but now im hooked on L'oreal Telescopic, amazing!!
Your lashes look amazing, this has a lot of lengthening. Look beautiful.


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Image Source Coding Forensics Via Intrinsic Fingerprints

Posted on January 31, 2010

Paper details:

W. Sabrina Lin, Steven Tjoa, H. Vicky Zhao, and K. J. Ray Liu

IEEE Int. Conf. Multimedia and Expo, July 2007

Download: Paper

BibTeX:

@INPROCEEDINGS{lin2007icme,
  title = "Image Source Coding Forensics via Intrinsic Fingerprints",
  author = "W. Sabrina Lin and Steven Tjoa and H. Vicky Zhao and K. J. Ray Liu",
  booktitle = "Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Multimedia and Expo",
  address = "Beijing, China",
  year = "2007",
  month = jul,
  pages = "1127--1130",
};

The most popular image compression schemes in use today are lossy, i.e., compression imposes some irreversible distortion in the image in order to achieve a smaller file size. Because each compression method imposes different kinds of distortion, the distortion can act as a fingerprint of the compression method.  Existing image compression methods can be grouped into a few categories — e.g., transform coding, vector quantization, subband coding, linear predictive coding, embedded coding — where all methods in the same category leave behind the same type of fingerprint in an image during compression.

In this paper, we analyze the intrinsic fingerprints of different types of image compression methods and propose a forensic system that identifies the type of the compression and provides a confidence measure in the system’s decision. Results show that the system can achieve a probability of detection of 0.82 for an image PSNR of 40 dB and even higher accuracy for lower PSNRs.

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Strategic Market Intelligence: Life Insurance in Russia - Key Trends and Opportunities to 2022
Life Insurance in Russia, Key Trends and Opportunities to 2021
Non-Life Insurance in Russia, Key Trends and Opportunities to 2021
Home > Business & Financial Services > Financial Services > Insurance > Life Insurance > Report Detail
Russia Life Insurance: Key Trends and Opportunities to 2023
Publisher Name : GlobalData
Date: 21-Nov-2019
Price: Single User License: US $3999 Corporate User License: US $11997
GlobalData's 'Russia Life Insurance: Key Trends and Opportunities to 2023' report provides in-depth market analysis, information and insights into the Russian life insurance segment.
GlobalData's 'Russia Life Insurance: Key Trends and Opportunities to 2023' report provides a detailed outlook by product category for the Russian life insurance segment, and a comparison of the Russian life insurance with its regional counterparts.
It provides values for key performance indicators such as written premium, claims paid, density and penetration during the review period (2014-2018) and forecast period (2018-2023).
The report also analyzes distribution channels operating in the segment, gives a comprehensive overview of the Russian economy and demographics, and provides detailed information on the competitive landscape in the country.
The report brings together GlobalData's research, modeling and analysis expertise, giving insurers access to information on segment dynamics and competitive advantages, and profiles of insurers operating in the country. The report also includes details of insurance regulations, and recent changes in the regulatory structure.
- Key insights into the dynamics of the Russian life insurance industry.
- Comparison of Russia's life insurance segment with regional counterparts, along with premium and claim trends.
- A comprehensive overview of the Russian economy, government initiatives, FDI, country risk, and investment opportunities.
- Russia's insurance regulatory framework's evolution, key facts, taxation regime, licensing and capital requirements.
- Russian life insurance industry's market structure giving details of retail and commercial lines of business with market shares.
- Distribution channels deployed by Russia's life insurers.
- Details of the competitive landscape, M&A and competitors' profiles.
This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the life insurance segment in Russia -
- It provides historical values for the Russian life insurance segment for the report's 2014-2018 review period, and projected figures for the 2018-2023 forecast period.
- It offers a detailed analysis of the key categories in the Russian life insurance segment, and market forecasts to 2023.
- It provides a comparison of the Russian life insurance segment with its regional counterparts
- It analyzes the various distribution channels for life insurance products in Russia.
- It profiles the top life insurance companies in Russia and outlines the key regulations affecting them.
- Make strategic business decisions using in-depth historic and forecast market data related to Russia's life insurance segment, and each category within it.
- Understand the demand-side dynamics, key market trends and growth opportunities in the Russian life insurance segment.
- Assess the competitive dynamics in the life insurance segment.
- Identify growth opportunities and market dynamics in key product categories.
- Gain insights into key regulations governing the Russian insurance industry, and their impact on companies and the industry's future.
Chapter 2 Economy Overview
Chapter 3 Summary Trend and KPIs
•Penetration and Growth
•Premiums and Retention
•Premiums and Claims
Chapter 4 Regulatory Risk
Chapter 5 Key Trends by Lines of Business - KPIs, Market Share and Concentration
Chapter 7 Distribution Overview
Chapter 8 Competitive Landscape
•Composition of Top Insurers
•Key M&A Transactions
Chapter 9 Competitor Profiles
Chapter 10 Insurtech
Hungary Life Insurance: Key trends and Opportunities to 2023
Published: 12-Dec-2019 Price: US 3999 Onwards Pages: 56
Hungary Life Insurance: Key trends and Opportunities to 2023 Summary GlobalData's 'Hungary Life Insurance: Key Trends and Opportunities to 2023' report provides in-depth market analysis, information and insights into the Hungarian life insurance segment. GlobalData's 'Hungary Life Insurance: Key Trends and Opportunities to 2023' report provides a detailed outlook by product category for the Hungarian life insurance segment. It provides values f......
France Life Insurance: Key trends and Opportunities to 2023
France Life Insurance: Key trends and Opportunities to 2023 Summary GlobalData's 'France Life Insurance: Key Trends and Opportunities to 2023' report provides in-depth market analysis, information and insights into the French life insurance segment. GlobalData's 'France Life Insurance: Key Trends and Opportunities to 2023' report provides a detailed outlook by product category for the French life insurance segment. It provides values for key pe......
Whole Life Insurance Global Market Report 2020
Whole Life Insurance Market Global Report 2020 from The Business Research Company provides strategists, marketers and senior management with the critical information they need to assess the global whole life insurance market. Reasons to Purchase - Gain a truly global perspective with the most comprehensive report available on this market covering 50+ geographies. - Create regional and country strategies on the basis of local data and analysis. - Identify growt......
Published: 21-Nov-2019 Price: US 3999 Onwards Pages: 51
Russia Life Insurance: Key Trends and Opportunities to 2023 Summary GlobalData's 'Russia Life Insurance: Key Trends and Opportunities to 2023' report provides in-depth market analysis, information and insights into the Russian life insurance segment. GlobalData's 'Russia Life Insurance: Key Trends and Opportunities to 2023' report provides a detailed outlook by product category for the Russian life insurance segment, and a comparison of the Russian life ins......
The Netherlands Life Insurance: Key trends and Opportunities to 2023
The Netherlands Life Insurance: Key trends and Opportunities to 2023 Summary GlobalData's 'The Netherlands Life Insurance: Key Trends and Opportunities to 2023' report provides in-depth market analysis, information and insights into the Dutch life insurance segment. GlobalData's 'The Netherlands Life Insurance: Key Trends and Opportunities to 2023' report provides a detailed outlook by product category for the Dutch life insurance segment. It p......
Italy Life Insurance: Key trends and Opportunities to 2023
Italy Life Insurance: Key trends and Opportunities to 2023 Summary GlobalData's 'Italy Life Insurance: Key Trends and Opportunities to 2023' report provides a detailed outlook by product category for the Italian life insurance segment. GlobalData's 'Italy Life Insurance: Key Trends and Opportunities to 2023' report provides in-depth market analysis, information and insights into the Italian life insurance segment. It provides values for key per......
Denmark Life Insurance: Key trends and Opportunities to 2023
Denmark Life Insurance: Key trends and Opportunities to 2023 Summary GlobalData's 'Denmark Life Insurance: Key Trends and Opportunities to 2023' report provides in-depth market analysis, information and insights into the Danish life insurance segment. GlobalData's 'Denmark Life Insurance: Key Trends and Opportunities to 2023' report provides a detailed outlook by product category for the Danish life insurance segment. It provides values for key perfor......
Thailand Life Insurance: Key trends and Opportunities to 2023
Published: 28-Oct-2019 Price: US 3999 Onwards Pages: 57
Thailand Life Insurance: Key trends and Opportunities to 2023 Summary GlobalData's 'Thailand Life Insurance: Key Trends and Opportunities to 2023' report provides in-depth market analysis, information and insights into the Thai life insurance segment. GlobalData's 'Thailand Life Insurance: Key Trends and Opportunities to 2023' report provides a detailed outlook by product category for the Thai life insurance segment. It provides values for key ......
Poland Life Insurance: Key trends and Opportunities to 2022
Poland Life Insurance: Key trends and Opportunities to 2022 Summary GlobalData's 'Poland Life Insurance: Key Trends and Opportunities to 2022' report provides in-depth market analysis, information and insights into the Polish life insurance segment. GlobalData's 'Poland Life Insurance: Key Trends and Opportunities to 2022' report provides a detailed outlook by product category for the Polish life insurance segment. It provides values for key pe......


If you have a fancy BMW or a Ferrari car that you wish to send across to the modifier's to have the vehicle customized, then how would you do it? If you do not have the time and are based in a city like Sylmar, then you just have to call the experts in the business. You shall get affordable BMW Towing in Sylmar whether in the city or even to other cities. There are top companies like the Sylmar tow truck services has a great reputation and is one of the top names in the business when it comes to offering timely and cost-efficient towing services.
The company has high-end tow trucks that are checked thoroughly before sending on delivery trips. The towing company would be sending weekly flights, and so they would know the routes well enough. The tow truck operators would know all the ways, and so if there is any problem in any of the routes, they would let the clients know beforehand itself. The company would offer long distance towing Sylmar. The company has fleets of low bed dollies and enclosed trucks, and they are constantly on service, and so you need not have to wait for long for your turn to come. The company offers services to personal vehicles as well as commercial vehicles.
To book for the Sylmar tow truck services, you would need to go through their route chart and then based on the total distance to be covered, the number of vehicles and other such factors the rates would be given. However, you shall rest assured that these rates are going to be very feasible to you only. You might compare the prices with competitor towing companies and then hire the services.
The company would offer motorcycle towing, sedan towing, truck towing, SUV towing, CUV towing and even RV Trailer Towing. If you have vintage cars or cars that are totally broken down and would need to be towed with care, then you can specify that too. The towing would be done with great care too. The company would be able to offer accident recovery of vehicles too. So, in case the car has met with an accident or has skidded off on a sleet-covered, or slippery road to the edge of the road, then call the company. They would send their emergency services right away.
Sylmar tow truck services are known for offering 24-hour emergency services. If you need any emergency help in the middle of the road in or around Sylmar, then just call the company. They would send help in fifteen minutes to fix flat tires, replace the battery or even offer locksmith services too.
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Today, I'd like to start a series of posts related to the topic of how to query SchoolhouseTeachers.com, the curriculum site of The Old Schoolhouse® Magazine. I'll be representing SchoolhouseTeachers.com at the 2016 Write2Ignite conference, as well as presenting workshops on writing for the homeschool market and the art of storytelling.
To date, I have not found any book that addresses how to query or communicate with the homeschool market. I am working to fill this void, but in the meantime, I want to address those of you who are considering submitting to SchoolhouseTeachers.com and perhaps meeting with me at the conference. Come see how to get started today on the Write2Ignite.com blog.
Don't miss How to Write a Query for Schoolhouse Teachers Part Two!


Create a fun bracelet that can be made with 2 different colour schemes making it reversible. Using a tubular herringbone technique learn how to make a wavy design by adding and subtracting beads. Suitable project for intermediate levels but if you are a beginner with some herringbone experience then you can also learn this.


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Zarrendorf () is a railway station in the village of Zarrendorf, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. The station lies on the Stralsund-Neubrandenburg railway and the train services are operated by Deutsche Bahn and Ostseeland Verkehr.

Train services
The station is served by the following services:

regional express  Stralsund - Neustrelitz - Berlin - Wünsdorf-Waldstadt - Elsterwerda
regional service (Ostseeland Verkehr) Stralsund - Neustrelitz

References

External links
Deutsche Bahn website

Railway stations in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
Buildings and structures in Vorpommern-Rügen


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benefits. However with continual renewal increases and new ObamaCare regulations, businesses of all sizes are looking at new options for offering employee health benefits. Because of these factors, many business owners are adopting a new strategy -- defined contribution health plans.
Before we can understand how defined contribution can lower health benefits costs, how does defined contribution work?
Defined contribution plans are set up with a Stand-Alone Health Reimbursement Arrangement, or HRA. This is also referred to as a Section 105 HRA Plan.
The stand-alone HRA allows any business or non-profit to reimburse employees for their health insurance and/or eligible medical expenses on a tax-free basis.
With defined contribution, the business provides employees with a monthly allowance. Employees shop and purchase their own individual/family coverage through a broker or through their state health insurance exchange. Employees are reimbursed tax-free up to the amount of their monthly allowance.
In other words, a defined contribution health plan acts like a business expense account specifically for health insurance premiums and health care.
Lowering health benefits costs with defined contribution is simple: a business determines their budget for health benefits and builds the defined contribution health plan from there. In other words, because there are no minimum or maximum contribution amounts the cost of defined contribution is entirely controlled by the business.
How does a business set up a defined contribution health plan? Similar to a 401(k) retirement plan, a defined contribution health plan must include all legal documentation to ensure compliance with applicable regulations. Because of this, nearly all businesses use a defined contribution software or administrator. The administration platform needs to be an IRS, ERISA, ACA and HIPAA-compliant platform that includes electronic plan document creation and employee election processes.
Step 1 - The business sets employee eligibility requirements, decides what expenses are eligible for reimbursement, and determines the monthly or annual defined contribution amounts.
Step 2 - The business enrolls employees into the plan and distributes IRS/ERISA/ACA required plan documents, SPDs and notices to each eligible employee.
Step 3 - Each employee chooses and pays for his or her own individual health insurance policy and submits proper documentation for reimbursement. A business can provide a health insurance broker to help employees select policies, and/or provide information about the new health insurance exchanges.
Step 4 - A HIPAA-compliant claims processor reviews the reimbursement request and approves or rejects the request.
Step 5 - If the request is approved, the business reimburses the employee for the approved reimbursement, up to the amount of each employees' balance available.
Once the initial set-up work is completed, monthly administration takes 5-10 minutes a month. This allows the business get out of the health insurance business, focus on their core business and lower overall health benefits costs.


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Sections » Environment & resources » Environment
Innovation, globalisation and the environment
Brendan Gillespie and Xavier Leflaive
Globalisation is exerting pressure on the environment, but it may also provide solutions. Could green be turned to gold? Climate change, melting polar ice, rising sea-levels, unpredictable weather patterns, drought, rampant urbanisation, demographic explosions: the list goes on. Many people blame globalisation for these ills, and it is true to say that increased economic pressures inevitably leave a bigger footprint on our planet.
Consider the expert opinion. The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, an authoritative scientific report prepared for the UN secretary-general, concluded that over the last 50 years, humans have changed the world's ecosystems more rapidly and extensively than at any comparable period in history. While gains in well-being are beyond question, the main message is that we are spending the planet's natural capital in unsustainable ways.
However, recoiling from globalisation will not solve environmental problems. Rather, thanks in part to the innovation, trade and investment that it spurs, as well as new markets, globalisation can promote more efficient use of natural resources and reduce pollution to levels below what they would otherwise have been.
In any case, recoiling is not viable because individual countries cannot set rules independently of what is happening elsewhere. The re-emergence of highly populated economic powers, particularly in Asia and Latin America, and the hope that Africa will soon grow too, means that environmental pressures will rise, not fall. In developing countries that rely on natural resources, the pressures will be particularly intense. Environmental pressures generated in the emerging economies are often commensurate with those of OECD countries as a fraction of GDP, but are much lower in per capita terms. Convergence with OECD patterns of production and consumption is not a realistic option, but it would also be unrealistic to expect developing countries to change first; richer countries must take a lead.
We have common but differentiated responsibilities: OECD countries generated most of the global environmental problems we now face, and have the means to address them. On the other hand, these efforts will not be effective if we do not engage the major emerging economies like China and India. The International Energy Agency estimates that China will overtake the US as the major source of greenhouse gases by the end of the decade. Yet China currently does not have any obligations to reduce its emissions of greenhouse gases. This must change.
In February 2007, the UN's International Panel on Climate Change, which brings together leading experts from around the world, stated "with confidence" that rising global temperatures since the mid-20th century "are very likely due to greenhouse gases" from human activity. They suggest that there is a relatively small window of opportunity in which to take decisive measures. The much-quoted Stern Report in 2006 argued that the benefits of taking such action would justify the costs. Innovation is essential if that opportunity is to be grasped.
A major obstacle to international action is the potential impact on competitiveness. But while environmental requirements may impose costs, their potential to stimulate innovation is often ignored. Innovation is not just about new devices, it is also about ideas and fast thinking, including among governments. With our policies and institutions (and individuals in general) we must deliver on what we have already promised. But beyond that, to encourage real transformations in markets and behaviour, government policy has much to do.
The encouraging news for governments is that the customers–their voters–want change! They no longer see the environment as a threat to economic performance, but increasingly as an opportunity. And that means markets. Economic globalisation, and the increased demand for natural resources it generates, is stimulating a new revolution, where eco-efficiency is the leitmotiv. Biofuels are coming on-stream–though their eco-benefits are still a matter of debate–wind farms are mushrooming, less-polluting "hybrid" cars are being marketed, eco-friendly houses are being built and new measures are being introduced to manage waste. As with other revolutions, those who harness the business opportunities first will gain competitive advantages over others. Notice that it is the major OECD players, from Japan to Germany via the state of California, that are already taking a lead on the business side.
In Germany, it has been estimated that the market for environmentally-related technology accounted for 4% of turnover for all sectors of trade and industry in 2005, and that this would grow to 16% in 2030.
The federal environment ministry is playing its part: it "wants to implement an innovation-based environmental policy that will help achieve a double-dividend for the environment and trade and industry. By backing and disseminating eco-innovations and eco-high tech, we are assuming responsibility for our threatened ecosystem and making a contribution towards Europe achieving its ambitious goal: to become the most resource-efficient economic region in the world." In other countries, like the US and Japan, governments are also actively developing policies to promote "eco-innovation".
These are times of flux, and governments have to be careful not to crowd out the private sector and other players in these new markets, but to provide incentives and room for them to expand. As with Germany, governments have to do more to encourage new standards which in themselves will create new and exciting markets—in environmentally-friendly building for instance, or in energy generation. Governments must set frameworks and longer-term targets which stimulate open-ended eco-innovation, and avoid technology-specific standards. They must establish performance benchmarks, and implement policies that encourage the dissemination of cleaner technologies beyond local markets. They must accelerate the market launch of new technologies and clear away hurdles from financing environmentally-related innovation. In short, they must integrate the environment into national innovation systems. Good examples to follow come from Japan, with the Top Runner scheme, or from the EU's Environmental Technology Action Plan.
Governments should check their own activities too, particularly through their public procurement policies. Citing cost as an excuse for inaction, without examining potential benefits, sends out the wrong message to business, as well as to poorer countries wishing to take environmental action themselves.
But while governments must play ball, it is the private sector that will score the home runs. That includes multinational enterprises. Some environmental activists will not agree, but MNEs are global players, and have the potential to spread good environmental practices, particularly to developing countries. In addition to adhering to high environmental standards in their own operations, they usually demand that their suppliers adhere to strict environmental requirements.
International organisations like the OECD must play their part by promoting policy dialogue and disseminating best practices via instruments such as the Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises. Even the fight against corruption, which the OECD leads, can root out environmentallydangerous practices. Inviting China, India and companies from other emerging countries to adopt these OECD disciplines is essential to create a level playing field for business.
Meanwhile, companies are not waiting around: some of the major multinational enterprises are busy developing strategies to "turn green into gold", to quote researcher Dan Esty. Major companies such as General Electric, or giant retailer Wal-Mart, whose environmental performance manifesto for "21st Century Leadership" has raised eyebrows, are being forced to change. And it is not just for crude marketing purposes; as one policy advisor from Lehman Brothers wrote in the Financial Times, businesses must adapt to climate change or "wither and possibly die". New partnerships such as the Global Reporting Initiative are stimulating new mechanisms for auditing businesses to prove that they "walk the talk". Major financial institutions like Goldman Sachs are using environmental performance as a criterion in their strategic thinking and operations.
As in any historic transformation, there are winners and losers. Governments realise they have to address the political economy of environmental reform. Environmental requirements may benefit society, but impinge on households and sectors. Governments may need to find ways to address these distributional impacts, for example, by providing income support to poor households faced with increased water or electricity tariffs, or recycling revenues to firms hard-hit by environmental taxes for investment in less polluting technologies. Making policy succeed is not straightforward and the OECD is working to help governments understand how firms respond to different policy impulses.
Meanwhile, OECD is working with governments to integrate environment into their development co-operation programmes. This is a new challenge; aid agencies increasingly provide general budget support, and this shift has been linked to a relative decline in donor spending on environment, as well as fewer environmental advisers in the field. Yet developing countries must also adapt to climate change, provide access to safe water and basic sanitation, and strengthen their management of natural resources in support of pro-growth development policies. Moreover, it is the poorest populations that suffer most from environmental degradation. Innovation in energy, farming and sanitation, for instance, can help deliver technologies adapted to the circumstances in developing countries, but the fundamental challenge is to better integrate environment into national development policies–a task for which most developing countries lack the basic capacity.
Indeed, however important innovation is, basic actions count too. Several surveys in OECD countries suggest that while people rate environmental issues highly, only a very small percentage of them have changed their habits when it comes to recycling or switching off lights. This raises a simple question. If even on the ordinary things we cannot change the way we live, can we expect anyone else to?
OECD (2006), The Political Economy of Environmentally-Related Taxes, Paris.
LLewellyn, John (2007), "Companies must adapt or die in a changing climate" in Financial Times, London, 30 January.
For more on the IPCC, see www.ipcc.ch/
Visit www.oecd.org/environment
OECD Observer No. 261 May 2007
Finland leads the climate charge in the Arctic Council
Global warming under 1.5 °C? Yale professor John Roemer says we can do it.
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chestercool, C, Chels... Multiple Personality Disorder much?
God job with the picures!
The money somes of these guys must have spent is ridiculous, but each to their own I suppose.
There's nothing whatsoever a free player or even a moderate gold player will ever be able to do against them. Even buying explosives will do nothing against these strengths, so I'll stick to my strategy of only having lossless loot explosives, "the final stand" being my preferred one. This way they can attack all the like but get nothing from me especially if I keep under 500 allies. I've been hit by fricco, Burn, jjk, nycpizzalover, all within the last 5 hours and nearly all the others in the last couple of days. My fights lost figure is rising as fast as it can this week!
Compared to Modern War and Kingdom Age, where getting hammered really costs you dear in lost units, in this game you lose nothing but your win/loss ratio. This must be frustrating for these guys in the end, it's an unwinnable war for them, they can bash away at you like but so what.
I have spent a good amount of real money on this game and even if I spend a few more thousand would I be able to catch up to these jerks!
You can't tell me that they haven't hacked or else they have spent about 5k of real money. I have spent approx. 1k give or take and I will never rival those stats. They attack me every two hours non-stop. Sometimes they hit me a few times and then come back 20 minutes later, maybe to try and catch me with money sitting there. The worse one is nycpizzalover, if you have any buildings that you haven't collected on, he will attack, rob, attack, rob over and over so he floods your entire wall. In my opinion they are a bunch of childish ASSHOLES!! I tend to wonder if some of them have an "in" with someone in GREE since I read on one of their walls that they were talking with CJ from GREE about one of the prizes that they won. It was just the way he said "I was talking with" that made it sound a little fishy to me. I buy the combustable explosives and they attack and use them up but I make 1.3 million and hour so they rip me off maybe 300k in explosives I turn around and buy a million dollars more. BFD, not like it is actual money anyways. I don't understand why all the strong players (and there are MANY)...don't all join together and kick the 30 or so shitheads in the higher Indians asses!!!