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Voice MagBlogsWorld Ocean Week: Re…
World Ocean Week: Revisiting Netflix's 'Seaspiracy'
by Dheeraj Chutani
World Ocean Week runs June 5 - June 13 and what better way to celebrate than look back and review 'Seaspiracy'?
Ali Tabrizi's 'Seaspiracy' (2021) created a big splash when it initially premiered just over a year ago. Now, I profess I'm somebody who loves fish and am the first it when friends and I go out for some food; seafood is a source of protein which can be found in virtually every conceivable cuisine worth your time, so I was initially hesitant when it came to viewing and reviewing a documentary which made a splash - Seaspiracy.
The reason it made such a splash was because of the exposé it had presented on the fishing industry, dispelling the myth of an old and weathered sailor and instead shining a spotlight on the big corporations - Captain Birdseye is nowhere to be found in the documentary.
Seaspiracy explores the environmental impact of the fishing industry upon life both on water and on land. The documentary unravels the alleged conspiracy that exists between the actors within this industry; fishermen, regulators and even governments.
The documentary dispels what it believes is the myth of sustainability and sustainable fishing methods, ultimately dismissing these and instead opting for a more radical call to arms by people across the world; stop consuming seafood.
This message is an admirable one but one that is frankly unrealistic and isn't going to happen. Certainly, vegetarians and vegans are today leading the cavalry in this sense, but this is not enough. Seaspiracy calls for a cultural, culinary and lifestyle revolution which is overly idealistic and is unfeasible.
One cannot help but think a stronger message would have been one of reform rather than revolution. Seaspiracy dismisses what it claims to be flawed sustainable fishing methods and it identifies why. So, surely it can therefore identify how to improve rather than throwing the baby out with the bathwater.
Admittedly, revolution is a 'sexier' message and is far more memorable than a message of just reform. Yet, the documentary clearly yearns for change, and it feels as if it wastes a golden opportunity by being overly idealistic and running before it can even walk.
Fact Or Fiction?
Seaspiracy has been dissected by various experts and publications, and there's one salient question to ask; how accurate is Seaspiracy?
Seaspiracy's 'Achilles Heel' is it straddles the line between fact and faction and it invites misinformation. Tabrizi's documentary has been accused of misrepresentation by even those who featured in it, and its facts and figures are prefaced by the creators themselves as not being independently verified.
Tabrizi asks the reader to suspend scepticism, and the documentary exudes a sense of 'just trust me' energy. Unfortunately, this does, to some extent, tarnish the validity of the message that it hopes to deliver to us - Seaspiracy does feel a bit, well, conspiratorial.
This isn't to say that it doesn't offer an admittedly intriguing story; it just happens to feel a little far-fetched. Given that we cannot verify certain key points of information, and these are what inform its message, Seaspiracy must be consumed with a pinch of salt.
Swimming Upstream?
Ultimately, Seaspiracy does have its redeeming qualities, but it feels like it is just swimming upstream. In a sense, the documentary does achieve its objective of raising awareness about fishing - Seaspiracy got people talking and made them conscious of their personal ecological impact upon the world's sea life.
The problem is that it fails to distinguish between fact and fiction, often perpetuates misinformation and detracts from its overall message – which wasn't the strongest to begin with.
Header Image Credit: Ana Ulin / Flickr
Posted: 8 June 2022
Tags: worldoceansday
Interests: Combined Arts, Film & Media, Visual Arts
Voiceboxes: Climate Crisis
Dheeraj Chutani Kickstart
Dheeraj is a recent postgraduate having graduated with a BA and MA in Politics from The University Of Leicester. He is interested in all things politics and current affairs but when he is not catching up with all the latest headlines, he enjoys reading, jogging, weight-lifting and Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ).
Recent posts by this author
Pride Month : Gay Designers In Fashion
'You Can't Sit With Us' - Clothes, Culture & Race In Fashion
Brighton Fringe Review : 'Rough Night'
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Whitney Houston: I Wanna Dance With Somebody – Class, glamour and hard-hitting reality.
by Ellie Blackwell
Non-Binary representation in film, TV, theatre and literature
by Gigi Downey
In MG Studio, Los Angeles the art of Santiago Ribeiro
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Grayson Perry's Art Club: The Exhibition at MAC
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https://www.voicemag.uk/index.php/blog/11085/world-ocean-week-revisiting-netflixs-seaspiracy
Want my job? with Underwater Photographer and Photojournalist Lucy Ray


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Lottery sales in Iowa along the Minnesota border are up since the Minnesota lottery office was closed in the state budget shutdown, reports the Des Moines Register.
Southern Minnesota residents hoping for a windfall, and maybe some laid-off Minnesota state workers, apparently are fueling the rise.
The paper said a convenience store along Interstate Highway 35 near Northwood, just south of Albert Lea, Minn., reports lottery sales have more than doubled.
And a store in Estherville reports a 30 percent increase in instant-scratch and lotto sales since the Minnesota shutdown.
Minnesota's lottery office was not considered an essential state service and remains closed during the shutdown.


» DMRC Recruitment 2018 For Managers: Earn Up To INR 50500!
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Also Read: Konkan Railway Recruitment 2018 For 100 Vacancies!
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Isanthus homolophilus is een zeeanemonensoort uit de familie Isanthidae.

Isanthus homolophilus is voor het eerst wetenschappelijk beschreven door Chintiroglu & Doumenc in 1998.

Zeeanemonen

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Lavrenteiv says there is a determination to continue fight against terrorism in Syria
Nur-Sultan, SANA-Special representative of the Russian President to Syria, Head of the Russian delegation to Astana talks, Alexander Lavrenteiv affirmed that there is a clear determination to continue the fight against terrorism in Syria.
"Talks dealt with the situation in Syria in general, and in Idleb in particular where the terrorist organization of Jabhat al-Nusra controls the majority of the area," Lavrenteiv said in a press statement on the sidelines of the 12th round of Astana on settling the crisis in Syria on Thursday.
He added that the talks concentrated on forming the committee on discussing the constitution, the return of the Syrian displaced and means to help Syria reconstruct what has been destroyed by terrorism.
"The talks were held within a practical atmosphere, he considered, saying "Talks will give fruit to lead to stabilizing the situation in Syria and continuing the political process in the country."
Lavrenteiv stressed that the Russian delegation held a meeting with the delegation of Syrian Arab Republic on coordinating stances and visions regarding issues put on the agenda of the current meeting.
"The Russian delegation held talks with the Iranian delegation too and we will meet the UN special envoy for Syria Geir Pedersen who attends the talks as an observer," Lavrenteiv said.
Mazen Eyon
m.eyon
Previous Speech of acting charge d'affaires of Syria's permanent delegation at UN during UNSC session
Next "Restart"…short film screened in 2nd day of Youth Cinema and Short Films Festival
Berlin, SANA- Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov said that there shouldn't be an endless silence …

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Energy & Environmental Services›
Electricity›
Germany's electricity generation from hydropower 2000-2017
Electricity generation from hydropower in Germany from 2000 to 2017 (in billion kilowatt hours)
by Ian Tiseo, last edited Oct 23, 2018
This statistic displays the electricity generation from hydropower in Germany from 2000 to 2017, in billion kilowatt hours (kWh). It shows that electricity generation from hydropower fluctuated over this period, and decreased overall from 24.9 billion kilowatt hours in 2000 to 20.2 billion kilowatt hours in 2017. In 2003, electricity generated from hydropower saw a notable decrease to 17.7 billion kilowatt hours.
Electricity generation in billion kilowatt hours
Renewable energy in Germany
Energy mix in Germany 2017
Biofuels production in selected European countries 2018
Total installed wind power capacity in Germany 2008-2018
Hydropower generation in Europe 2017
Everything On "Renewable energy in Germany" in One Document: Edited and Divided into Handy Chapters. Including Detailed References.
Statistics on "Renewable energy in Germany"
European comparisons
Gross electricity generation from renewable energy in Germany from 1990 to 2018 (in terawatt hours)Gross electricity generation from renewable energy in Germany 1990-2018
Mix of energy sources used to generate electricity in Germany 2017Energy mix in Germany 2017
Consumption of renewable energy in Germany from 1998 to 2018 (in million metric tons of oil equivalent)Germany - renewable energy consumption 1998-2018
Share of energy from renewable sources in gross final energy consumption in Germany from 2006 to 2016Share of renewable energy in final energy consumption in Germany 2006-2016
Share of energy from renewable sources in electricity generation in Germany from 2007 to 2016Share of renewable energy in electricity in Germany 2007-2016
Monthly gross electricity generation from renewable energy in Germany in 2018* (in terawatt hours)Monthly gross electricity generation from renewable energy in Germany in 2018
Gross electricity generation from renewable energy in Germany in 2007 and 2018, by source (in terawatt hours)Electricity generation from renewable energy by source Germany 2007-2018
Structure of primary energy consumption in Germany as of 2018, by energy sourcePrimary energy consumption structure in Germany as of 2018
Total installed wind power capacity in Germany from 2008 to 2018 (in megawatts)Total installed wind power capacity in Germany 2008-2018
Electricity generation from wind power in Germany from 2000 to 2017 (in billion kilowatt hours)Germany's electricity generation from wind power 2000-2017
Onshore wind energy capacity in Germany from 2008 to 2018* (in megawatts)Onshore wind energy capacity in Germany 2008-2018
Offshore wind energy capacity in Germany from 2009 to 2018* (in megawatts)Offshore wind energy capacity in Germany 2009-2018
Electricity production volume from solar photovoltaic power in Germany from 2012 to 2018 (in gigawatt-hours)Solar photovoltaic electricity production volume in Germany 2012-2018
Solar photovoltaic capacity installed and connected in Germany from 2013 to 2018 (in megawatts)Solar PV capacity installed and connected in Germany 2013-2018
Connected and cumulated solar photovoltaic capacity in Germany from 2013 to 2018 (in megawatts)Photovoltaic capacity connected and cumulated in Germany 2013-2018
Solar photovoltaic capacity per inhabitant in Germany from 2013 to 2018 (in watts per inhabitant*)Solar photovoltaics capacity per inhabitant in Germany 2013-2018
Electricity generation from hydropower in Germany from 2000 to 2017 (in billion kilowatt hours)Germany's electricity generation from hydropower 2000-2017
Total hydropower capacity in Germany from 2008 to 2018 (in megawatts)Total hydropower capacity in Germany 2008-2018
Small hydropower gross electricity production in Germany from 2013 to 2016, (in GWh*)Small hydropower gross electricity production in Germany 2013-2016
Small hydropower net capacity in Germany from 2013 to 2016 (in MW*)Small hydropower net capacity in Germany from 2013-2016
Consumption of biofuels for transport in Germany from 2015 to 2017, by fuel type (in metric tons of oil equivalent)Biofuels consumption for transport in Germany 2015-2017
Electricity generation from biomass in Germany from 2000 to 2017 (in billion kilowatt hours)Germany's electricity generation from biomass 2000-2017
Primary energy production and gross inland consumption of solid biomass* in Germany from 2016 to 2017 (in million tons of oil equivalent)Biomass energy production and consumption in Germany 2016-2017
Primary energy production from anaerobic fermentation biogas in Germany from 2013 to 2017* (in ktoe*)Energy production from anaerobic fermentation biogas in Germany 2013-2017
Primary energy production from landfill gas in Germany from 2013 to 2018* (in ktoe*)Energy production from landfill gas in Germany 2013-2018
Primary energy production from sewage sludge gas in Germany from 2013 to 2017* (in ktoe*)Energy production from sewage sludge gas in Germany 2013-2017
Total installed wind power capacity in Europe at the end of 2017, by country (in megawatts)European wind power capacity 2017, by country
Wind power electricity generation in the European in 2018, by country (in terawatt hours)Wind power electricity production in the European union (EU-28) 2018, by country
Solar photovoltaic capacity installed and connected in the European Union (EU-28) in 2018, by country (in megawatts)Solar capacity installed and connected in the European Union (EU-28) 2018, by country
Electricity production volume from solar photovoltaic power in the European Union (EU-28) in 2018, by country (in gigawatt-hours)Solar photovoltaic electricity production volume in the EU-28 2018, by country
Generation of hydropower in selected countries in Europe 2017 (in terawatt hours)Hydropower generation in Europe 2017
Hydroelectricity consumption in selected countries in Europe in 2016 and 2018 (in million metric tons oil equivalent)Hydroelectricity consumption in selected European countries in 2016-2018
Biofuels production in selected countries in Europe in 2018 (in 1,000 metric tons oil equivalent)Biofuels production in selected European countries 2018
Solid biomass primary energy production in the European Union (EU) in 2017**, by country (in Million Tons of Oil Equivalent)Solid biomass primary energy production in the European Union 2017, by country
Germany's electricity generation from renewable sources 1990 to 2005
Germany's electricity generation from renewable sources 2006-2017
France: net generation capacity of hydro power 2015 to 2050
Germany: net generation capacity of hydro power 2015 to 2050
Italy: net generation capacity of hydro power 2015 to 2050
Spain: net generation capacity of hydro power 2015 to 2050
United Kingdom: net generation capacity of hydro power 2015 to 2050
United Kingdom: net generation capacity of renewable energy 2015 to 2050
Spain: net generation capacity of renewable energy 2015 to 2050
Italy: net generation capacity of renewable energy 2015 to 2050
Germany: net generation capacity of renewable energy 2015 to 2050
France: net generation capacity of renewable energy 2015 to 2050
U.S. electricity - generation of conventional hydropower 2010-2040
France: gross electricity generation from hydropower 2015 to 2050
Italy: gross electricity generation from hydropower 2015 to 2050
Germany: gross electricity generation from hydropower 2015 to 2050
Production of electricity revenue in Slovenia 2010-2022
Added value of hydro energy construction industry forecast in China 2017-2050
Small hydropower net capacity in Bulgaria from 2013-2016
Total electricity generated from bioenergy forecast in China 2017-2050
Renewable Energy Industry Worldwide
Renewable energy in the UK
Hydropower in the UK
Hydropower industry
Renewable energy in Turkey
IHA - 2019 Hydropower Status Report
Wind power in Denmark
National Survey Report of Photovoltaic Applications in Italy 2017
2017 Hydropower Market Report
Renewable energy in Australia
Hydropower status report 2016
Renewable energy in Italy
Solar power industry in Europe
Renewable Energy in Europe
Renewable energy in the United Kingdom (UK)
Gross electricity generation from renewable energy in Germany from 1990 to 2018 (in terawatt hours)
Mix of energy sources used to generate electricity in Germany 2017
Consumption of renewable energy in Germany from 1998 to 2018 (in million metric tons of oil equivalent)
Share of energy from renewable sources in gross final energy consumption in Germany from 2006 to 2016
Share of energy from renewable sources in electricity generation in Germany from 2007 to 2016
Monthly gross electricity generation from renewable energy in Germany in 2018* (in terawatt hours)
Gross electricity generation from renewable energy in Germany in 2007 and 2018, by source (in terawatt hours)
Structure of primary energy consumption in Germany as of 2018, by energy source
Employment in the renewable energy sector in Germany 2018, by technology (in 1,000 jobs)
Total installed wind power capacity in Germany from 2008 to 2018 (in megawatts)
Electricity generation from wind power in Germany from 2000 to 2017 (in billion kilowatt hours)
Onshore wind energy capacity in Germany from 2008 to 2018* (in megawatts)
Offshore wind energy capacity in Germany from 2009 to 2018* (in megawatts)
Electricity production volume from solar photovoltaic power in Germany from 2012 to 2018 (in gigawatt-hours)
Solar photovoltaic capacity installed and connected in Germany from 2013 to 2018 (in megawatts)
Connected and cumulated solar photovoltaic capacity in Germany from 2013 to 2018 (in megawatts)
Solar photovoltaic capacity per inhabitant in Germany from 2013 to 2018 (in watts per inhabitant*)
Total hydropower capacity in Germany from 2008 to 2018 (in megawatts)
Small hydropower gross electricity production in Germany from 2013 to 2016, (in GWh*)
Small hydropower net capacity in Germany from 2013 to 2016 (in MW*)
Consumption of biofuels for transport in Germany from 2015 to 2017, by fuel type (in metric tons of oil equivalent)
Electricity generation from biomass in Germany from 2000 to 2017 (in billion kilowatt hours)
Primary energy production and gross inland consumption of solid biomass* in Germany from 2016 to 2017 (in million tons of oil equivalent)
Primary energy production from anaerobic fermentation biogas in Germany from 2013 to 2017* (in ktoe*)
Primary energy production from landfill gas in Germany from 2013 to 2018* (in ktoe*)
Primary energy production from sewage sludge gas in Germany from 2013 to 2017* (in ktoe*)
Total installed wind power capacity in Europe at the end of 2017, by country (in megawatts)
Wind power electricity generation in the European in 2018, by country (in terawatt hours)
Solar photovoltaic capacity installed and connected in the European Union (EU-28) in 2018, by country (in megawatts)
Electricity production volume from solar photovoltaic power in the European Union (EU-28) in 2018, by country (in gigawatt-hours)
Generation of hydropower in selected countries in Europe 2017 (in terawatt hours)
Hydroelectricity consumption in selected countries in Europe in 2016 and 2018 (in million metric tons oil equivalent)
Biofuels production in selected countries in Europe in 2018 (in 1,000 metric tons oil equivalent)
Solid biomass primary energy production in the European Union (EU) in 2017**, by country (in Million Tons of Oil Equivalent)
Solid biomass energy inland consumption in the European Union (EU) in 2017**, by country (in Million Tons of Oil Equivalent)
Electricity generation from renewable sources in Germany from 1990 to 2005 (in billion kilowatt hours)
Net generation capacity of hydro power in France from 2015 to 2050 (in MW*)
Net generation capacity of hydro power in Germany from 2015 to 2050 (in MW*)
Net generation capacity of hydro power in Italy from 2015 to 2050 (in MW*)
Net generation capacity of hydro power in Spain from 2015 to 2050 (in MWe*)
Net generation capacity of hydro power in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2015 to 2050 (in MW*)
Net generation capacity of renewable energy in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2015 to 2050 (in MW*)
Net generation capacity of renewable energy in Spain from 2015 to 2050 (in MWe*)
Net generation capacity of renewable energy in Italy from 2015 to 2050 (in MW*)
Net generation capacity of renewable energy in Germany from 2015 to 2050 (in MW*)
Net generation capacity of renewable energy in France from 2015 to 2050 (in MW*)
Projected generation of conventional hydropower in the U.S. from 2010 to 2040 (in billion kilowatt hours)*
Gross electricity generation from hydropower in France from 2015 to 2050 (in GWh*)
Gross electricity generation from hydropower in Italy from 2015 to 2050 (in GWh*)
Gross electricity generation from hydropower in Germany from 2015 to 2050 (in GWh*)
Production of electricity revenue in Slovenia from 2010 to 2022 (in million U.S. dollars)
Added value of hydro power construction sector forecast in China from 2017 to 2050 (in billion yuan)
Small hydropower net capacity in Bulgaria from 2013 to 2016 (in MW*)
Total forecasted electricity produced from bioenergy in China in 2017, 2020, 2035 and 2050 (in TWh)


Stress is more than an emotion. Stress is a poison. Stress puts pressure on your organs that can cause irreparable harm or long term health consequences. Stress damages brain cells. Stress can lead to mental health issues, such as anxiety and depression. It is one of the single worst things you can do for your body.
Yet more and more people allow themselves to be subjected to persistent stress, primarily because more and more people allow themselves to get stressed at the workplace. With the economy struggling and employers overworking their staff, it's easy to get overwhelmed at work without the option of finding a great new job elsewhere.
Although you may have a good reason for experiencing this stress, it's imperative that you find a way to cope. The stress you experience at work may seem minor or temporary, but over time it can lead to very serious health problems, missed work, and a dramatically reduced quality of life.
Stress Game – There's a theory in Japanese psychology that states if you know that you have stress you shouldn't try to fight it. Rather, you should embrace it like an old friend. While few people are going to go work feeling blessed that they experience stress, there are ways to do this that can be advantageous. For example, a stress game, where you make a bingo card with all of the causes of stress that you experience at work, and any time one of them is triggered you mark it off. If you get a Bingo, treat yourself to something worthwhile. This makes stress something that can make your day better in its own small way.
Wait For It – Using that same theory, another strategy is to purposely do less work until the stress hits. Then, only when you're feeling stressed, work as hard as you possibly can as a result. This way stress becomes a fuel for becoming a better employee, rather than a deterrent that forces you to lose interest in your day.
Workplace Exercise – Many companies have found that wellness programs are a key tool in improving the health of employees, and employees are finding that taking advantage of these programs is a great way to cut down on workplace stress. If your company has a wellness program, use it. If your company doesn't, see if they'll add one to the workplace. If they won't, find ways to exercise before, during, and after work. Biking to work or jogging on your lunch breaks are great ways to cut back on some of the stress of the day, and should help you be more relaxed when you're done with work later.
Plan Post-Work Fun – Stress has a tendency to affect your home life as well, which is one of the reasons stress tends to build up over time. While part of this is the fatigue brought on by stress, another issue is that many people allow the stress to affect them too much – wanting to spend time at home relaxing rather than go out with their friends or play with their family. It's important not to let stress overwhelm you. You can solve this by forcing yourself to do fun things after work. Schedule them so that you feel like you have to go do them, so that even if you're feeling stressed you get yourself out there enjoying your free time. You'll be surprised what a difference this can make.
Make Work Fun – Finally, if you can make work fun, you'll find work less stressful. How do you do this? There are a number of ways. One example would be to come into work with funny clothing underneath your work clothes giving you a humorous inside joke that others will not get to see. Decorating your desk with things that make you laugh or hiding funny things around the office for people to find are also ways that your work can become more fun. It's up to your own imagination how to do this, and as long as they won't get you mistreated or fired, they can have a powerful impact on your stress.
You only live one life, and it's crucial that you find a way to make that life as enjoyable as possible. Stressful workplaces interfere with that ability. But you can counter this by finding ways to reduce the stress and anxiety that work creates in your life, and if you do that you'll find that you experience less stress and your life overall becomes more enjoyable, despite the toxic work environment.
About the Author: Ryan Rivera's stress undoubtedly lead to his issues with anxiety. Now he contributes to a website on anxiety and stress reduction at www.calmclinic.com.


To amend the Small Business Act to clarify certain guarantee fees for loans repayable in 1 year or less.
This bill was introduced on April 21, 2016, in a previous session of Congress, but was not enacted.
H.R. 5029 (114th) was a bill in the United States Congress.
Small Business Lending Assistance Act of 2016, H.R. 5029, 114th Cong..


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New Release X-Men: First Class (2011)
X-Men: First Class..
Director: Matthew Vaughn
Writers: Ashley Miller, Zack Stentz
Stars: James McAvoy, Michael Fassbender and Jennifer Lawrence
Category: Action, Adventure, Drama
In 1962, Charles Xavier starts up a school and later a team, for humans with superhuman abilities. Among them is Erik Lensherr, his best friend... and future archenemy.
Charles Xavier (James McAvoy) and Erik Lensherr (Michael Fassbender) are two young men discovering their powers. Banding together with fellow mutants to stop a threat to the world, a rift grows between the two forces, leading to the founding of Professor X-Men and Magneto Brotherhood, and the beginning of their eternal war.
First Class begins in exactly the same fashion as Bryan Singer's opening installment did, with a young Erik Lensherr discovering his powers of magnetism in the horrific confines of a Nazi concentration camp. After witnessing the brutal murder of his mother at the hands of Klaus Schmidt, a.k.a. Sebastian Shaw (Kevin Bacon), the adult Erik (Michael Fassbender) devotes his life to avenging her death.
This brings him into contact with Charles Xavier (James McAvoy), a telepathic mutant working with C.I.A. agent Moira MacTaggart to prevent Shaw from conspiring to start a nuclear war between the United States and Russia. The pair soon spark up a friendship as they work together to create a team capable of combating the energy-absorbing Shaw and his villainous crew of super-powered mutants, only for their conflicting ideologies to ultimately put them at odds with one another.


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Broadway to dim its lights tonight for Sidney Poitier
Toni Anne Barson/WireImage
At 7:45 p.m. Wednesday, Broadway will dim its lights in honor of stage and screen legend Sidney Poitier.
The legendary actor and activist, who died at 94 on January 6, made his debut on the Great White Way 75 years ago in an all-Black revival of Lysistrata, and went on to earn a Best Actor Tony nomination for creating the role of Walter Lee Younger in Lorraine Hansberry's groundbreaking drama A Raisin in the Sun.
After becoming the first Black actor to win a Best Actor Academy Award, for 1963's Lilies of the Field, Poitier returned to the stage as a director, with Carry Me Back to Morningside Heights.
Charlotte St. Martin, president of The Broadway League noted in the announcement, "Although Sidney Poitier's brilliance shone on Broadway stages as a performer and director in just a small number of productions, his presence on Broadway was both titanic and influential."
Calling him a "true icon and an inspiration to so very many," St. Martin said, "I know that Broadway fans worldwide recognize the incredible impact Mr. Poitier had on our art form."


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Nie Yanghua () was a Chinese politician. Although she was initially among the first group of women elected to the Legislative Yuan in 1948, her election was subsequently declared invalid.

Biography
Originally from Pingshan County in Sichuan province, Nie graduated from the Law School at Sichuan University in 1934. She became a teacher, teaching in Chengdu Xiejin Middle School, Jichuan Middle School, Jianguo Middle School and Chongqing Jingye Commercial School.

Nie was an independent candidate in Sichuan province in the 1948 elections for the Legislative Yuan. She finished in the top five places reserved for women, but her election was overturned, as although she had registered as an independent candidate, the sixth-placed candidate Pi Yi-shu provided evidence that Nie has had joined the Kuomintang while at university. Pi entered parliament in her place.

In 1950 she relocated to Beijing, where she studied in the Political Research Institute of North China Revolutionary University. After graduating in 1951, she worked for the All-China Women's Federation. She later worked for a newspaper clipping service set up by Renmin University of China, retiring in 1963.

References

Date of birth unknown
Chinese schoolteachers
Members of the Kuomintang
20th-century Chinese women politicians
Date of death unknown


1.Attend to calls from customers/ students and convert/ enroll them into their relevant course.
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can start the internship between 28st Mar 2018 and 30th Apr 2018.
are available for duration of 3 months (preferred, not mandatory).


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Latin America – Multilateralism without Multilateral Values
GIGA Focus Lateinamerika
Latin America and the Caribbean are considered natural allies for German foreign policy efforts to strengthen liberal multilateralism. However, an analysis of cooperation in the region presents an ambiguous picture. Particularly with respect to core elements in the liberal canon of values such as democracy and human rights, Latin American governments primarily pursue their own political interests.
The most successful element of Latin American multilateralism is the intergovernmental settlement of disputes, which has been institutionalised since 1948 in the Pact of Bogotá. In acute crises, however, ad hoc institutions take the place of established multilateral mechanisms. Ideological proximity is more important than values and norms.
The core elements of liberal multilateralism are democracy and human rights. The Latin American countries have not only signed the most international agreements on these values but have also anchored them in the inter-American system. In practice, however, implementation has proven to be difficult.
The crisis in Venezuela demonstrates the ambiguous nature of multilateral cooperation at the interface between regional stability and countries' own political interests. The Organization of American States (OAS) condemned the increasing authoritarianism early on, but has failed at implementing sanctions due to polarisation along ideological and party lines. The Union of South American Nations (UNASUR) disintegrated as a result of the crisis.
Reliable partnerships within the multilateral system, in Latin America and the Caribbean as well as elsewhere, are contingent on the protection and implementation of democracy and human rights in the partner countries themselves. Lip-service commitments are not enough. This should be at the forefront of German and European foreign policy. Only when the domestic and foreign policy standards are in harmony can stable partnerships emerge.
Germany Seeks Partners
With the election of Donald Trump and the Brexit vote, the crisis facing liberal multilateralism reached the heart of German foreign policy. In his search for multilateral cooperation partners, federal foreign minister Heiko Maas invited his colleagues from Latin America and the Caribbean to a conference in Berlin in 2019. The region's countries were said to be "natural allies" in strengthening multilateralism which agreed with Germany "that democracy, the rule of law, and fair and free trade are the only way" (Federal Foreign Office 2019).
The reference to the shared community of values and interests between Germany or the EU and Latin America and the Caribbean is nothing new, but has rather been a recurring mantra since the end of the Cold War and the democratisation of Latin America (Federal Foreign Office 2010). However, nationalist governments with little interest in liberal cooperation (Flemes 2018) have increasingly been asserting themselves across the continent, and not just since the election of Jair Bolsonaro at the end of 2018. Simultaneously, fundamental structural problems are currently erupting throughout the entire region, showing how fragile the supposed consensus in the areas of democracy, human rights, and the rule of law is. An analysis of multilateral cooperation on these topics in and with the region therefore presents a rather ambiguous picture. Multilateral cooperation in and with Latin America has been successful in the area of classical security policy intended to prevent violent interstate conflicts. When it comes to the core elements of the liberal canon of values, which are more closely linked to domestic developments, governments either cite the principle of national sovereignty or pursue their own political interests. The crisis in dealing with Venezuela in recent years shows very clearly the challenges and ambiguities of multilateral cooperation in and with Latin America.
A Zone of Peace – in Interstate Relations
In January 2014, the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC) declared Latin America and the Caribbean a "zone of peace." The heads of state stressed respect for international law, the peaceful settlement of disputes, non-interference in internal affairs, the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons, and the promotion of a culture of peace.
The region has indeed enjoyed a long history of regional cooperation since its independence 200 years ago. In 1826 the Panamanian Congress established a system of cooperation between the former Iberian colonies, which the USA also became part of with the First International Conference of American States in 1889. At the Ninth Inter-American Conference of American States in 1948, the states founded the Organization of American States (OAS) as a regional organisation within the framework of the United Nations system. The Pact of Bogotá outlines comprehensive mechanisms for peaceful conflict resolution and is intended to prevent the use of violence and to regulate when a case is brought before the International Court of Justice or the UN Security Council.
For a long time the pact was replaced by ad hoc mechanisms established specifically for particular conflicts. One example is the Contadora Group, which was founded in the mid-1980s to avoid the escalation of internationalised civil wars in Central America into a regional war. The OAS was paralysed due to the existing ideological polarisation. The governments of the neighbouring states Mexico, Colombia, Panama, and Venezuela mediated and laid the foundation for the Esquipulas regional peace agreement. Other bilateral conflicts – for example, between Argentina and Chile – were also defused through the mediation of various actors (Flemes and Radseck 2009). In recent years the International Court of Justice has made a number of arbitration rulings on old border disputes. The governments of Chile and Peru adopted the ruling on the delimitation of the maritime boundary in 2014 (Wehner 2014); Colombia's government, in contrast, left the Pact of Bogotá following a ruling on its Caribbean maritime boundary that benefited Nicaragua (Urueña 2013).
Overall, multilateral cooperation to de-escalate and resolve interstate conflicts is considered to have been largely successful. This may also be because the Latin American states have very similar structures historically and culturally speaking, and because control of the border regions has always only been of interest when it has involved the control and exploitation of valuable natural resources. Whether the relatively peaceful interstate interactions are linked to the existing conflict management mechanisms or rather to a low-level of conflict in interstate relations or a peace-inducing dominance on the part of the USA (Pax Americana) remains the subject of debate (Kacowicz and Mares 2016; Mares 2012).
Protecting Democracy
In order to protect and implement core liberal values – democracy, human rights, accountability – Latin America has signed comprehensive treaties, particularly in the context of the OAS. Latin American countries were a central element of the third wave of democratisation that began in the mid-1970s in Southern Europe with Portugal, Spain, and Greece. Mainwaring and Bizzarro (2019) identify 91 cases of democratisation up to the year 2017, including 18 in Latin America and the Caribbean. In contrast to other regions, only four cases of collapse can be identified here (Dominican Republic, 1990; Peru, 1992; Nicaragua, 2008; and Honduras, 2010). The authors observe an erosion of democratic progress in Ecuador and stagnation in Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, the Dominican Republic (following renewed democratisation in 1996), and Panama. The remaining eight countries (Brazil, Chile, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay), on the other hand, are making progress, albeit based on very low initial values. Latin America has therefore been far more successful than other regions. Venezuela is not included in this analysis as it was already democratic before the third wave of democratisation.
On 11 September 2001, the 34 OAS member states signed the Inter-American Democratic Charter at a special session in Lima, Peru (OAS 2001). In 1985, the OAS had adopted a protocol that declared democracy to be essential to "stability, peace, and development." Now people's right to democracy and governments' obligation to promote and defend it were enshrined in the charter. The charter explicitly refers to representative democracy, and Article 3 states that the central components are respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms; access to and exercise of power on the basis of the rule of law; the holding of regular, free, and fair elections with secret ballots and universal suffrage; a pluralist system of political parties and organisations; and the separation of powers.
The charter has since been applied in relation to two countries. The first time was in 2002, when an attempted coup against Hugo Chávez took place, though he was already back in power after three days, which meant that the OAS could not take any action. However, the recognition of the "transitional government" by the US government under George W. Bush shows that old friend–enemy patterns remained predominant. Starting in 2016, OAS general secretary Luis Almagro made several attempts to sanction the increasing authoritarianism of the Maduro government. For a long time, these efforts failed due to the support Maduro received from Nicaragua, Bolivia, and numerous other Caribbean states that received preferential conditions for oil imports under Petrocaribe. When a majority in favour of the implementation of sanctions was finally achieved, the Venezuelan government declared its withdrawal from the OAS, which was to take effect in May 2019.[1]
The sanction mechanisms were applied for a second time following the coup against Honduran president Manuel Zelaya in 2009. The OAS's preventive efforts to defuse the domestic crisis failed, and on 28 June 2009 soldiers pulled the president out of bed in the middle of the night and put him on a plane to Costa Rica. The OAS reacted immediately with the strongest sanction and suspended Honduras's membership. This had no consequences, however, because the transitional government played for time and the USA quickly broke ranks with the front rejecting the coup. The OAS was once again deeply divided in its evaluation of the subsequent elections in November 2009, and in 2011 Honduras was admitted again (Legler 2012).
Ultimately, four factors influence the application of existing regional mechanisms to protect democracy (Feldmann, Merke and Stuenkel 2019): First, the fact that there are competing rules and regulations. Using sanctions in response to violations goes against the rejection of interventions in other states' domestic affairs, which has strong roots in Latin American history. Ribeiro Hoffmann (2019) also correctly points out that there are strong differences in the region between the advocates of representative and participatory democracy regarding the central cornerstones of democracy. Second, the mechanisms lack suitable leverage that would actually force the governments involved to give in. Third, the USA's ongoing and considerable influence continues to be viewed critically. Its support for the coup against Chávez in 2002 and its about-face in favour of the transitional government in Honduras were seen as yet more signs that the priority is not the enforcement of liberal norms and values, but that these are instead a pretext for securing US economic and strategic interests. Finally, the heavily consensus-oriented mechanisms impede robust and concrete action.
The Implementation of Fundamental Human Rights
A second element of liberal multilateralism is the protection and implementation of fundamental human rights, an area in which Latin America has taken on a pioneering role. Nine months before the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was proclaimed on 10 December 1948 and shortly before the official founding of the OAS at the Ninth Inter-American Conference of American States in Bogotá, the organisation adopted the American Declaration on the Rights and Duties of Man. Latin America's pioneering role in the codification of human rights has only recently received increased attention and recognition (Sikkink 2014). However, the focus on human rights issues in the region has always been overshadowed by a lack of implementation and serious human rights violations. An initial phase of democratisation in the 1940s and 1950s was followed by decades of military dictatorships and internal wars. Even though the wars have mostly ended and the region remains in large part formally democratic, it is still the most violent region in international comparison (UNODC 2019).
The Inter-American human rights system is based on the American Convention on Human Rights, which was adopted in 1969 and entered into force in 1978. In 1959 the states founded the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, the central responsibility of which was to produce regular reports on the human rights situation in the member states and to advise the participating states on human rights issues. A third element is the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, which was founded in 1979 as an organ of the convention and not of the OAS. Here both individuals and states can take legal action against human rights violations (Medina 1990).
Although these instruments have been unable to prevent the violation of fundamental human rights, they play an important role in working through and documenting these violations. With democratisation and the ending of the internal wars, Latin America has also contributed significantly to the development of innovative human rights instruments. Examples include the truth commissions in Argentina and Guatemala and, currently, Colombia's Special Jurisdiction for Peace.
With respect to both democracy and human rights, Latin America's central problem is not a lack of rules or institutions. The lack of implementation can instead be explained by the fact that the political, economic and military elite have prevented or undermined the application of these rules. This is true above all for the rule of law, which must enforce adherence to democratic rules and the observation of fundamental human rights at the national level. The implementation of the regional rules and regulations has failed primarily due to widespread impunity – even in the case of capital crimes – and due to corruption, not only but also within the judicial system.
The example of Venezuela demonstrates how the lack of consensus regarding the core elements of democracy and human rights has impeded a regional response to the crisis.
The Failure of Latin American Cooperation in Venezuela
When Hugo Chávez was elected Venezuelan president in 1998, the differences with regard to democracy and human rights, as well as regional cooperation, became evident. From the beginning Chávez propagated a model of democracy that foregrounded participation and privileged social human rights over political human rights. In practice, however, this led to the erosion of democratic institutions and the abolition of the separation of powers. While Chávez won the bulk of the generally mostly free elections with a large majority, his successor Nicolás Maduro (in power since 2013) faced growing criticism because of increasingly authoritarian tendencies, not only from the national opposition but also from regional organisations. Particular milestones in the direction of an authoritarian system were the manipulation of the electoral system and the militarisation of the state apparatus (Jácome 2018; Legler and Nolte 2019). However, data from the Varieties of Democracy project (Coppedge et al. 2019) shows that there has been a massive decline in all four dimensions of democracy (Figure 1).
© Own representation according to Coppedge et al. 2019.
Figure 1 Venezuela: Dimensions of Democracy
In the case of Venezuela, the OAS attempted relatively early on to stop the further deterioration of core elements of democracy. When the opposition received an overwhelming majority in the 2015 National Assembly elections, it appeared that a turning point might be possible. However, the Maduro government did not give in: it did not recognise the victory of two opposition MPs, which meant the opposition did not have the two-thirds majority in parliament that would have allowed it to block all of the government's initiatives. Maduro undermined the opposition's attempt to remove him from office legally via an impeachment referendum (permitted during the first two years in office) – a measure introduced in 2004 via OAS mediation – by refusing to recognise the signatures that had been collected. The ultimate turning point was Maduro's convening of a constituent assembly in 2017 to take over the parliament's tasks.
The OAS tried to invoke the relevant articles within the Democratic Charter, but this failed due to the polarisation within the organisation. In April 2017, the Maduro government finally withdrew from the OAS. In response, 12 mostly conservative governments founded the Lima Group, in keeping with the tradition of ad hoc groups to deal with regional conflict management. Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Paraguay, Guatemala, Honduras, Panama, Peru, and Mexico – as well as Costa Rica and Canada – took part. Uruguay, Bolivia, and Nicaragua, on the other hand, did not join the initiative. While Uruguay tried to position itself as a neutral mediator, Bolivia and Nicaragua sided openly with the Maduro government.
The year 2017 was when the Maduro government used massive repression against opposition protesters who had taken to the streets. The protests were no longer gaining ground "only" within the traditional parties, but also among the population that had supported and elected Chávez. According to figures from the Observatorio de la Violencia (Observatorio Venezolano de Violencia 2019), 5,535 people died resisting the state security forces in 2017 and 7,523 in 2018. Mediation efforts in the Dominican Republic on the part of the former Spanish prime minister Zapatero and the Vatican failed because Maduro was unwilling to make any concessions and primarily tried to gain time. His rapidly sinking popularity was likely one of the main reasons that he moved the elections set for the end of 2018 up to May. A large segment of the opposition boycotted the elections and refused to recognise Maduro when his term ended on 10 January 2019. In this situation, the president of the National Assembly, Juan Guaido, declared himself interim president and demanded "the end of the usurpation and new elections" in the context of renewed mass protests.
Latin America remained divided. The USA and most of Latin America's conservative governments, as well as Canada and most of the EU, recognised Guaido's claim to the presidency. This recognition was associated with the hope that rapid regime change was possible, either through the implosion of the regime or the military changing sides. The threat of military intervention under US leadership was also made. The fact that numerous Latin American governments openly discussed this option, above all Colombia and Chile, represented a rhetorical break with the previously emphasised ban on intervening in the domestic affairs of other states. In these tense circumstances, some European and Latin American governments then founded the International Contact Group, which advocated for a negotiated solution – so far without success.
Latin America's handling of the Venezuela crisis aligns seamlessly with the problems of multilateral cooperation in the region:
Cooperation to defuse acute interstate crises does take place, but it generally relies on newly founded ad hoc mechanisms rather than existing institutions.
With respect to democracy, different conceptions that depend on the ideological or political leanings of the particular government collide. Aside from the holding of elections, there is no minimum consensus in the region as to which core elements are indispensable. And elections also take place in authoritarian contexts.
When governments use force against their own populations, this still – even in the twenty-first century – falls largely under the rule of non-intervention, or it is criticised if the repressive government belongs to the "other" political camp. Here the logic of the Cold War, which fuels well-known notions of the enemy in Latin America using Cuba and Chavism, has survived.
Latin America – A Difficult Partner
The region's handling of the Venezuela crisis shows that the optimistic assumption that new regional organisations such as UNASUR represented a qualitative leap in regional cooperation was premature. Current developments tend to support the sceptics, who point out that regional cooperation is primarily based on presidential cooperation and continues to involve traditional forms of working together (Legler 2013).
The crisis in and surrounding Venezuela, as well as other conflicts, demonstrate the highly ambivalent relationship of many governments to national and international regulations. Instead of pacta sund servanda (contracts must be honoured), the colonial motto se obedece pero no se cumpla (rules are formally respected but not actually implemented) applies. Against this backdrop, Latin America represents a rather difficult partner for reliable multilateral cooperation.
However, this relatively ambivalent relationship to international rules and contracts is not limited to Latin America. Rather than ideological orientation, it is the protection of basic liberal values such as democracy and human rights that is a good indicator in support of partnership on values and norms. This correlation should guide European and German foreign policy much more strongly than geostrategic and economic interests. Only when the standards for domestic and foreign policy are at least somewhat in harmony can stable partnerships emerge.
Coppedge, Michael et al. (2019), V-Dem [Venezuela 1990-2018] Dataset v9, Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Project, https://doi.org/10.23696/vdemcy19.
Federal Foreign Office (2019), Gemeinsam für Multilateralismus und Frauenrechte! [Together for Multilateralism and Women's Rights!], www.auswaertiges-amt.de/de/aussenpolitik/regionaleschwerpunkte/lateinamerika/maas-lak-frauenmultilateralismus/2193808 (27 November 2019).
Federal Foreign Office (2010), Deutschland, Lateinamerika und die Karibik: Konzept der Bundesregierung [Germany, Latin America and the Caribbean: The Federal Government's Concept], www.auswaertiges-amt.de/blob/213420/e134842d489660405b58c361489b78e7/lak-konzept-dt-data.pdf (27 November 2019).
Feldmann, Andreas E., Federico Merke, and Oliver Stuenkel (2019), Argentina, Brazil and Chile and Democracy Defence in Latin America: Principled Calculation, in: International Affairs, 95, 2, 447–467, https://doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiz025.
Flemes, Daniel (2018), Brazil's Elections: Nationalist Populism on the Rise, GIGA Focus Latin America, 5, September, www.giga-hamburg.de/en/publication/brazil's-elections-nationalist-populism-on-the-rise (27 November 2019).
Flemes, Daniel, and Michael Radseck (2009), Creating Multilevel Security Governance in South America, GIGA Working Paper 117, www.giga-hamburg.de/de/publication/creating-multilevel-security-governance-in-south-america (27 November 2019).
Jácome, Francine (2018), Los Militares En La Política y La Economía de Venezuela Nueva Sociedad, in: Nueva Sociedad, 274, March–April, 119–128.
Kacowicz, Arie M., and David R. Mares (2016), Security Studies and Security in Latin America. The First 200 Years, in: Routledge Handbook of Latin American Security, Abingdon, New York: Routledge, 11–29.
Legler, Thomas (2013), Post-Hegemonic Regionalism and Sovereignty in Latin America: Optimists, Skeptics, and an Emerging Research Agenda, in: Contexto Internacional, 35, 2, 325–352, https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-85292013000200001.
Legler, Thomas (2012), The Democratic Charter in Action: Reflections on the Honduran Crisis 1: The Democratic Charter in Action, in: Latin American Policy, 3, 1, 74–87, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2041-7373.2012.00057.x.
Legler, Thomas, and Detlef Nolte (2019), Venezuela: la protección regional multilateral de la democracia, in: Foreign Affairs Latinoamérica, 19, 2, 43–51.
Mainwaring, Scott, and Fernando Bizzarro (2019), The Fates Of Third-Wave Democracies, in: Journal of Democracy, 30, 1, 99–113, https://doi.org/10.1353/jod.2019.0008.
Mares, David (2012), Latin America and the Illusion of Peace, London: Adelphi Papers.
Medina, Cecilia (1990), The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights: Reflections on a Joint Venture, in: Human Rights Quarterly, 12, 439–464.
OAS (2001), Inter-American Democratic Charter, 11 September, www.oas.org/charter/docs/resolution1_en_p4.htm (10 December 2019).
Observatorio Venezolano de Violencia (2019), Informes, https://observatoriodeviolencia.org.ve/category/informes/# (10 December 2019).
Ribeiro Hoffmann, Andrea (2019), Negotiating Normative Premises in Democracy Promotion: Venezuela and the Inter-American Democratic Charter, in: Democratization, 26, 5, 815–831, https://doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2019.1576033.
Sikkink, Kathryn (2014), Latin American Countries as Norm Protagonists of the Idea of International Human Rights, in: Global Governance, 20, 3, 389–404.
UNODC (2019), Global Study on Homicide, Wien: UNIS.
Urueña, Rene (2013), Colombia se retira del Pacto de Bogotá: Causas y Efectos, in: Universidad Diego Portales (eds), Anuario de Derecho Público, 511–547.
Wehner, Leslie (2014), Internationale Rechtsprechung in Grenzkonflikten: der Fall Chile – Peru, GIGA Focus Latin America, 1, February, www.giga-hamburg.de/de/publication/internationale-rechtsprechung-in-grenzkonflikten-der-fallchile-–-peru (27 November 2019).
Editor GIGA Focus Latin America
Prof. Dr. Bert Hoffmann
Lead Research Fellow / Head GIGA Berlin Office Editor GIGA Focus Latin America
Editorial Department GIGA Focus Latin America
sabine.kurtenbach@giga-hamburg.de
Kurtenbach, Sabine (2019), Latin America – Multilateralism without Multilateral Values, GIGA Focus Lateinamerika, 07, December, urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-65887-1


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Wolfgang Elz (* 15. Mai 1956 in Koblenz) ist ein deutscher Historiker, der als Akademischer Direktor an der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz lehrt.

Leben
Elz studierte Geschichte, Mathematik, Erziehungswissenschaften und Soziologie an der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz. 1980 legte er das Staatsexamen ab und absolvierte 1981/82 seinen Zivildienst. Mit einer Doktorarbeit bei Winfried Baumgart wurde er 1988 zum Dr. phil. promoviert. 1992 wurde er Akademischer Rat, 1998 Akademischer Oberrat und 2009 Akademischer Direktor. Elz lehrt neuere und neueste Geschichte und forscht zur Geschichte der internationalen Beziehungen und zur Außenpolitik der Weimarer Republik. Er ist Herausgeber und Bearbeiter einer kritisch-wissenschaftlichen Online-Edition der Reden von Gustav Stresemann aus seiner Zeit als Reichskanzler und Außenminister.

Schriften
 Die europäischen Grossmächte und der kretische Aufstand, 1866–1867 (= Quellen und Studien zur Geschichte des östlichen Europa. Band 28). Steiner, Stuttgart 1988, ISBN 3-515-05158-9 (Diss. Univ. Mainz).

Herausgeber
 mit Winfried Baumgart: Konrad Fuchs: Ausgewählte Aufsätze zur Sozial- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte. Zum 65. Geburtstag. Lang, Frankfurt am Main u. a. 1993, ISBN 3-631-44818-X.
 mit Sönke Neitzel: Internationale Beziehungen im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert. Festschrift für Winfried Baumgart zum 65. Geburtstag. Schöningh, Paderborn u. a. 2003, ISBN 3-506-70140-1.
 Quellen zur Außenpolitik der Weimarer Republik, 1918–1933 (= Ausgewählte Quellen zur deutschen Geschichte der Neuzeit. Band 32). Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt 2007, ISBN 978-3-534-07560-7.
 mit Andreas Rödder: Deutschland in der Welt. Weichenstellungen in der Geschichte der Bundesrepublik. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2010, ISBN 978-3-525-35895-5.

Weblinks

 Wolfgang Elz an der Universität Mainz

Einzelnachweise

Neuzeithistoriker
Hochschullehrer (Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz)
Deutscher
Geboren 1956
Mann


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Home > Topics > 4G > News > Verizon Commits to Samsung Galaxy Note 10.1 with 4G LTE
Verizon Commits to Samsung Galaxy Note 10.1 with 4G LTE
January 7, 2013 by Ed Hardy Reads (3,164)
The latest announcement from CES comes from Verizon, who says it will soon begin offering a version of the Samsung Galaxy Note 10.1. This version of the Android tablet will have built-in support for the telecom's 4G LTE Mobile Broadband network.
Despite this announcement, however, Verizon is being cagey about details. It has only said this tablet will be available "in the coming weeks", and nothing was revealed about pricing.
More details on this model will likely be announced as the release gets closer.
It is going to join other Android-based tablets in Verizon's product lineup, most notably the Samsung Galsxy Tab 2 10.1. This model sells for $500, and it's possible the Note 10.1 will have a higher price.
More About the Galaxy Note 10.1
What sets this tablet apart from it rivals is its S Pen, as well a suite of apps designed for stylus-based input. Samsung has also added the ability to dsiplay two apps side-by-side.
The Note 10.1 runs Android 4.1 on a 1.4 GHz quad-core processor, with 2GB RAM.
The device also includes a 5-megapixel main camera and 1.9-megapixel front-facing camera.
Be sure to read our in-depth review of the WiFi-only version of the Samsung Galaxy Note 10.1.


An introduction from central Asia, sweet sultan has been cultivated since the 1600s, and many cultivars exist. It apparently only occasionally escapes from gardens. In New England, it has been collected from the wild only in Maine.
sweet sultan. Centaurea moschata L. • ME. Roadsides, fields, areas of habitation.


True story this. On the day a contract had arrived for something else, I got a random phone call from the lang cat (well I might have planted a seed at some point). I instantly knew I'd do this, I'd worked. with the lang cat client side and was a fan of its output, so it all looked legit.
Devising and running great insight products that are driven by primary research and the data that comes from it.
I could talk to you about Standard Life's withdrawal process for direct customers but it might scare you. Have a stiff drink first then give me a call.
If I'm honest it would be all my lost loved ones. I'd give anything to have one more chance to put the world to rights with my dad over a good bevvy.
Back Home Again by John Denver has served me well all of my life so far, well since I was about three at least. It does however belong to the '1000 albums I would never put on the lang cat Sonos' in addition to any reggae and 92% of folky stuff I listen to at home.


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Tag Archive | Sutherland's oldest building
in architecture, Bad councils, convict heritage, culture, heritage, history, suburban, sydney, Sydney heritage, Uncategorized
THOMAS HOLT'S SUTHERLAND COTTAGE: ON CLOSER INSPECTION
Picture a cottage, if you will…
Not one that gets its glow from brightly whitewashed walls under a tightly thatched and bound wheat straw roof. Not one that breathes the soft air of lavender down a misty cobbled path behind box hedge in an English country garden. But something more rugged. Something more natively suited to where it finds itself, something that reflects the brashness and personality of a people and a land once far removed from the rest of civilisation, a distant and wild place that took in the unwanted element of British society, flung across the high seas; a new and fledgling colony where things, as they have thrived and progressed, could just as easily have withered and died away for good had it not been for the determination and sheer tenacity of its new inhabitants to make it succeed.
Such a cottage exists.
Not on the dusty weathered plains beyond the Great Dividing Range, although there are such things there. Not in the rustic shambolic remains of gold diggings scattered through towns along the dry western rivers and creekbeds, although there are such things there. Not in the rugged windswept landscape of an Arthur Streeton oil painting, though such things certainly are there.
This cottage exists in the very heart of the palm and grevillea tinged suburban ideal of the Sutherland Shire, a southward expansion of the city of Sydney, only footsteps from the lapping waves of Botany Bay, that hallowed body of water where Cook and his party came ashore to pronounce a new foundation of European acquirement.
In the years and decades that followed that initial landing, the colony would grow and augment, to the west, the north and south. Free settlers would arrive to replace the legions of convicts, commercial trade would be born, farming and working of the land to feed the bustling colony, building and development expanding into an almost limitless boom that continues to this day; fortunes would be made, by those willing enough to take an entrepreneurial chance.
One such fortune was that of the English immigrant Thomas Holt, born 14 November 1811 in Yorkshire, who came to Australia in 1842 and gained great wealth and fame as a wool trader, financier and businessman.
He soon became a successful landowner, building six mansions south of Sydney, including a Victorian Gothic grand estate 'The Warren' in Marrickville. He invested in over 3,000,000 acres of pastoral land across NSW and Queensland and consolidated more wealth selling holdings after gold was discovered in the 1850s. He was at various stages a director of the Sydney Tramway and Railway Co. as well as City Bank. He was also a successful parliamentarian, being member of the inaugural Legislative Assembly and the first Treasurer of the colony.
Later in life he would found the Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, before returning to the country of his birth and continuing charitable work for the Salvation Army and the Rev. A. Mearns and Dr Barnardo, publishing Christianity, or the Poor Man's Friend before passing away in 1888.
Among Holt's many achievements he also holds the dubious honour of playing more than just a minor part in Australia's great rabbit plague, after several of the beasts escaped from the grounds of his well stocked Marrickville mansion 'The Warren' and hopped off into the Sydney sunset. The rest, as they say, is history.
In the 1860s Thomas Holt acquired a considerable tract of land of some 13,000 acres around Kurnell in the Sutherland Shire, including Captain Cook's landing site. It was here he constructed Australia's first oyster farm at nearby Gwawley Bay. As the estate in Sutherland grew, he employed teams of workers on site digging the oyster claires and tending the property, and in the 1870s established his final mansion known as Sutherland House complete with English park landscape over 786 acres.
Thomas Holt. Image State Library of NSW
Thomas Holt's "The Warren" mansion at Marrickville. Image State Library of NSW.
Holt's Sutherland House. The gentleman on lawn may be Thomas Holt.
Image Sutherland Shire Library
The cottage that we speak of was part of Thomas Holt's Sutherland Estate. It was one of three similar workers' cottages situated at the centre of the holding, and is in fact the only surviving remnant of this once grand and historic estate. It was probably inhabited by gardeners, coachmen or general hands and their families, as can be seen by the basic character of its workmanship and unadorned decoration. Its construction is of simple weatherboard. It has a corrugated iron and skillion roof to keep out the rain, and a large wraparound verandah to keep the walls cool through the beating hot summers. The brickwork of a later laundry addition remains on the back side of the property, while inside it retains "original lath and plaster walls and ceiling linings, and original ledge and sheeted internal walls."
Official dating can be difficult due to the nature of the long-running design use of such cottages, however it is typical of a style of architecture once prevalent in the Shire, and can be traced to be a product of at least the 1870s. As such, it remains one of the oldest buildings in the Sutherland Shire, often reported to be the oldest. The offset angle to the street frontage is testament to the true age of this building.
When Thomas left the estate, the land was sold to his son Frederick who resided there for thirteen years with his family before leasing the mansion to Mrs Mary Hamilton in 1894 for use as an infirmary. In 1908 the property was subdivided including the worker's cottage which was sold at auction on 20 April 1908 with 33 acres. It was once again subdivided into two lots in 1952, but remained relatively unchanged as a structure, being owned for a continuous period of 70 years by the one family, of which Jan Buchanan was the last resident. During this time it was known as 'The Gunyah' which is an Aboriginal term for humpy or crude bush shelter.
In 2003 Sutherland Shire Council bought the property from Jan Buchanan for the sum of $610,000 and placed it on the Local Heritage List for preservation and future restoration for the benefit of the community. It was thought to be in good hands with the council researching the origins of the building and investigating the possibilities of its next course of action. There have been several heritage impact statements over the years of ownership by council, however no work has been undertaken to restore the house.
Fast forward to 2013 and the recently elected (and it must be said, development-friendly) council headed by Mayor Kent Johns have decided abruptly to remove the house from its draft LEP (among other heritage items), and document and demolish the building before selling the land for private redevelopment. Previous owner Jan Buchanan was devastated, telling Fairfax reporters "When I sold it, the council told me they had grandiose ideas about its restoration. They promised there would be a caretaker to look after it, but the last time I went to visit it was vandalised and run down. I had to walk away."
Ten years prior, when council had originally purchased the property, they had a heritage impact statement prepared by Truman, Zaniol and Associates Pty Ltd. The Statement of Significance surmised:
"No. 5 Evelyn Street North is historically significant as a minimum at a high local level as a unique and tangible remnant of development in the Sutherland Shire from the early part of the 20th Century, and prior to the implementation of smaller lot subdivision. It is likely to be the oldest remnant workers cottage in Sylvania and certainly the only remaining evidence of the Holt Sutherland House Estate – all other buildings having been demolished. The significance of the place is embodied in the associations and historical nature of the existing cottage, how it addresses the street being offset, its extant original and early fabric and mature landscaping, all of which provides tangible historical evidence of the State Significant Holt Sutherland House occupation".
In conclusion, the report suggested a possible candidacy for state significance, identifying the historic links to the Thomas Holt Estate and the rarity of the building within its own geographic environment.
In 2007 a comprehensive Historical Assessment of the house was undertaken by Dr. Annable who presented a glowing report to council for the preservation of the cottage.
"Historical research confirms the importance of the Sutherland House Estate in the history of the Sutherland Shire and its association with Thomas Holt. Historical research and physical analysis also confirm the historical significance and rarity of No. 5 Evelyn Street at a local level and highlight the ability of the fabric of the place to demonstrate the way of life, domestic amenities and tastes of its late 19th and early 20th century occupants and owners…
Much of the fabric of the original cottage is intact, as are early 20th century additions to the decoration and finishes. The cottage demonstrates the domestic amenities of estate workers in the late 19th century, a pattern of domestic life that was little changed until the advent of a piped water supply and sewerage in the mid-20th century. Much early 20th century decoration is preserved in the cottage, demonstrating the tastes and financial resources of its owners and is likely to be rare. The essence of the place resides in its simple form and scale, its materials and its modest decoration. Its owners and occupants were ordinary people."
She continued, "The cottage has the ability to demonstrate a way of life that is now virtually extinct in the Shire. Its materials, method of construction, number and size of rooms, decoration, floor coverings, domestic facilities, simple garden and neat unpretentious appearance have considerable power to evoke a way of life that is now gone."
In conclusion, Dr. Annable insisted council take urgent action to preserve the cottage in its original form, and prepare a Conservation Management plan to guide its full restoration and adaptive re-use as a private residence. Her findings were discussed by the council's heritage sub-committee in 2008, who concurred the necessity to preserve the building, and a report was presented to council in February 2009.
Sutherland Estate vista. Image Sutherland Shire Library.
Holt's grand Sutherland House. Image Sutherland Shire Library.
Thomas Holt's Sutherland Estate. Image Sutherland Shire Library.
Sutherland House, destroyed by fire 1918. Image Sutherland Shire Library
Sutherland Estate subdivision. Image National Library of Australia
Holt's Sutherland Estate subdivision.
Questions are now being raised as a result of council's total disregard for previous heritage assessments that clearly convey the importance of the house at a local and possible state level. The originality of the structure, the intact fabric of its construction inside and out, and its historical context relating to the Thomas Holt Estate all show with blinding light the significance of such a building to the very make-up and culture of the area and indeed the early years of Sydney's expansion.
Sutherland Council nominates the prohibitive costs of restoring the house as the reason for proposed demolition. Originally it was slated to cost somewhere in the order of $200,000, now it is claimed that those costs have blown out to $495,000. "In its current state it is derelict, it would be irresponsible to invest more council funds in this property" said Mayor Kent Johns (in fact it is only derelict because council allowed it to become so).
With the land and property being acquired several years ago for the sake of preservation and restoration, monetary sources should have been allocated long before this point in time. The fact council wants to demolish the building before the sale also raises questions as to their real motives… Why demolish rather than sell as is and offer potential buyers the opportunity to restore one of the oldest buildings in the area and own a piece of historically significant real estate? Most private vendors always sell their land with a house in tact, no matter whether it is to be restored or offered as a potential development site – what the buyer then does with the property thereafter is up to them. It seems clear in this case the council wants this house off the LEP and gone from sight, perhaps to increase the base value of the land it sits on.
I personally believe the house is far too important to let go so easily. I would like to see the cottage remain in public hands, and restored, as historian Edward Duyker has suggested, in collaboration with local TAFE trade schools. Once restored the cottage could serve unlimited potential as a working museum, art studio or classroom, perhaps focussing on the crafts of the late 19th century. There would also be room for a period vegetable garden outside serving gastronomic fair of the era and educating modern day students how the lives of working families were once lived in the Shire.
Its proximity to historic Botany Bay could position the Sutherland Shire as a place not only to associate with the early days of settlement but also a place to see it in palpable action. A rare opportunity indeed to uphold some of the original character of the area that may be taken away once and for all if the current crop of cash hungry councillors get their way.
We all know just how important it is to keep things like this alive, the question is, do we have the necessary will, the tenacity and determination that those early settlers had, in order to maintain this tiny piece of early pioneering heritage in the middle of an upper-middle class Australian suburban ideal – the kind of place that this very cottage helped create.
Click on images below. All pictures Inheritance.
A vital link to the Sire's history, under a threatening cloud. Image Inheritance.
IMPORTANT: CLICK HERE to make your submissions on the Sutherland Shire draft LEP before 17 September 2013. Removal of the Thomas Holt cottage at 5 Evelyn Street Sylvania should be utterly opposed among other heritage removals.
An earlier post on the Thomas Holt Sutherland cottage here.
An earlier post on Sutherland Shire Council's Draft LEP plans here. NOTE: As predicted, "buildings like this Art Deco Commonwealth Bank are at risk…" Guess what, a DA has just been announced that will add extra levels and potentially ruin this famous building.


text:
"Freeze #1" Comic Review
Published by Image Comics / Top Cow Productions
Written by Dan Wickline
Illustrated by Phillip Sevy
Lettered by Troy Peteri
2018, 32 Pages, $3.99
Comic released on December 5th, 2018
Do you remember the late '80s TV show Out of This World? Don't worry, no one else does either. The premise was a young woman was half human, half alien and she could freeze time by putting her two index fingers together. Now picture that on a global scale, leading to a worldwide collapse. Ray is the only guy that can unfreeze people and he can only do it one at a time so his life just got very complicated.
Freeze begins with a glimpse into the future, showing just how far gone the world is before bouncing back to the present and showing the event as it happens. We don't know why or how this occurred, but we see how Ray, and then handful of people he unfreezes, deal with it. Think about what would happen if everyone in the entire world was suddenly frozen in place. Planes would fall out of the sky. Tons of cars would crash on the highways. Countless people would die.
This presents a very chilling thought, no pun intended. It's frightening for Ray who has just found himself alone in a world of mannequins. He walks out of an office only to find everyone standing completely still. At first he thinks they're playing a practical joke on him but when it goes on and on, it gets even creepier. The clock on the wall continues to move forward, but no one else moves.
Now think of the perspective of someone who has just become unfrozen: They've literally lost time. One moment they're going about their day and the next the sun is down or it's raining. Oh man, I just thought of everyone that's stuck outside in this. They could fail prey to the changes in weather.
Artist Phillip Sevy brings this haunting landscape to life very well. Since comics are a static medium, it can be tough to differentiate someone that's alive from someone that's frozen. Sevy does this with the colors. Ray looks more alive and energetic than the others. Everyone else looks cold and stiff, as if the blood has stopped pumping in their veins. They're corpses with rigor mortis already set in.
Most of the pages are presented in a nine panel grid. Sevy plays with this a bit, splitting up larger images to fit within the grid format, but also showing the passage of time in these areas. This allows him to add some extra time to certain shots, holding on them for a little longer to give them some more weight, such as the unmoving visage of a frozen person.
As a handful of people become unfrozen, chaos starts to spread. Since no one really knows what's going on, tensions rise and heated arguments begin. Letterer Troy Peteri controls the pacing of these debates with the word balloon placement. There's not a lot of room in a nine panel grid to fit these in, but Peteri makes the dialogue flow well, keeping you focused on the frightening situation.
Freeze hits the ground running with a debut issue that's full of questions, each more horrifying than the last. Writer Dan Wickline presents an unsettling premise and I'm looking forward to see it unfolding in subsequent issues. This strange event leads to the world collapsing, but how do we get from here to there?
Top Cow Productions
Phillip Sevy
Troy Peteri
Dan Wickline


One of my dear friends has asked me and my bride to travel into the "Show Me State" this weekend for a Memorial service for her late father. He was an avid outdoors man and cast iron lover. It seems his collection of iron has disappeared and she ask me to bring some of mine and help with the cooking. We are carrying these pieces and the menu will be Venison Chili, Beef Stew, Rabbit Pie, Spaghetti with venison sauce, Venison Breakfast Burritos, assorted side dishes,dips and cheese balls in the smaller skillets. I will post pics once we get the meal prepared. This is some of the more modern iron I have restored.
wish i lived closer.. I have a piece from my grandmother that really needs reasoning.
gtk wrote: wish i lived closer.. I have a piece from my grandmother that really needs reasoning.
Very simple to do Greg.
Be careful on the trip, and I love cooking out of iron skillets and dutch ovens.
I just recently brought home a big dutch oven that my late father used on Boy Scout camping trips. It was in a storage building exposed to roaches and mice, and I know you're not supposed to use soap on them, but this thing needs serious cleaning. What should I do? Use it for a decoration?
I want to see the other pics of all the food! I bet that was some kind of good!
flipper wrote: I just recently brought home a big dutch oven that my late father used on Boy Scout camping trips. It was in a storage building exposed to roaches and mice, and I know you're not supposed to use soap on them, but this thing needs serious cleaning. What should I do? Use it for a decoration?
Flipper, strip it and season it. Don't know how big it is. If it won't fit in the oven. You can season it in a gas grill, if it will fit.
Get yourself a couple of cans of easy off oven cleaner, not the off brands, the yellow can that contains lye. Wear rubber gloves and spray that pot down real good. Place in a heavy black plastic bag and tie it. Leave it in the bag for a week. Then remove it and scrub it down good with brillo pads. Use a plastic tub large enough to hold it. Fill the tub with a 50 /50 mix of vinegar and water and submerge the pot. Leave it in a few days stirring daily. It will come out looking like new iron. Then season it using crisco shortening. I use the crisbee, from Amazon. I season three times raising the temperature each time.
It's more wait time than work time.
Oh yea! Thanks! I will do that. It is a big one, but I think it will fit in the oven fine.
Follow Terry's directions, I have a lye tank I soak in but for a few pieces his way is good. Spray liberally and wrap in a black garbage bag put in a sunny spot. If it has rust on it you may have to soak it in a 50/50 mix of vinegar and water for the rust. Terry uses crisco for seasoning I use canola oil. I bake at 550° until the iron stops smoking or own a hot grill. You do not want an oily sticky surface.
I ordered the Crisbee stick yesterday and picked up the Easy Off with lye and steel wool. Brillo has soap in it, so I figured I better hunt down plain steel wool. Looking forward to getting this done. Don't know when the sun is going to shine again, so putting the bagged pot in a sunny location may be a challenge.
flipper wrote: I ordered the Crisbee stick yesterday and picked up the Easy Off with lye and steel wool. Brillo has soap in it, so I figured I better hunt down plain steel wool. Looking forward to getting this done. Don't know when the sun is going to shine again, so putting the bagged pot in a sunny location may be a challenge.
The soap won't hurt it. The vinegar bath will remove all residue. If the sun is not an option, let it work indoors. Just be sure to protect the area where the bag is sitting. Also you will need to season it as soon as it comes out of the vinegar. As surface rust will form very rapidly. When you take it out of the vinegar wash it well, and place in the oven to dry. Then start to season it. You will be very pleased with the results.


text:
package com.mossle.bpm.rule;

import com.mossle.core.spring.ApplicationContextHolder;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

public class SuperiorAssigneeRule implements AssigneeRule {
    private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory
            .getLogger(SuperiorAssigneeRule.class);
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    public String process(String username) {
        if (jdbcTemplate == null) {
            jdbcTemplate = (JdbcTemplate) ApplicationContextHolder
                    .getInstance().getApplicationContext()
                    .getBean("jdbcTemplate");
        }

        Long managerId = getManagerIdByUsername(username);

        return getUsername(managerId);
    }

    public Long getManagerIdByUsername(String username) {
        Long userId = getUserId(username);

        return getManagerId(userId, null);
    }

    public Long getManagerId(Long userId, Long departmentId) {
        Long targetDepartmentId = null;

        if (departmentId == null) {
            // 获得流程发起人的部门
            targetDepartmentId = this.getDepartmentId(userId);
        } else {
            targetDepartmentId = this.getHigherDepartmentId(departmentId);
        }

        logger.info("targetDepartmentId : {}", targetDepartmentId);

        if (targetDepartmentId == null) {
            return null;
        }

        // 获得部门负责人
        Long managerId = this.getManagerId(targetDepartmentId);
        logger.info("managerId : {}", managerId);

        // 如果部门没有负责人,或者负责人和发起人是一个人,就找上一个部门
        if ((managerId == null) || managerId.equals(userId)) {
            return this.getManagerId(userId, targetDepartmentId);
        } else {
            return managerId;
        }
    }

    // ~ ======================================================================
    public Long getDepartmentId(Long userId) {
        String sql = "select ps.parent_entity_id"
                + " from party_struct ps,party_entity parent,party_entity child,party_type parent_type,party_type child_type"
                + " where parent.id=ps.parent_entity_id and child.id=ps.child_entity_id"
                + " and parent_type.id=parent.type_id and parent_type.person<>1"
                + " and child_type.id=child.type_id and child_type.person=1 and ps.dim_id=1"
                + " and child.id=?";

        try {
            return jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, Long.class, userId);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            logger.info(ex.getMessage(), ex);

            return null;
        }
    }

    public Long getManagerId(Long departmentId) {
        try {
            return jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(
                    "select parent_entity_id from party_struct "
                            + "where dim_id=2 and child_entity_id=?",
                    Long.class, departmentId);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            logger.info(ex.getMessage(), ex);

            return null;
        }
    }

    public Long getHigherDepartmentId(Long departmentId) {
        try {
            return jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(
                    "select parent_entity_id from party_struct "
                            + "where dim_id=1 and child_entity_id=?",
                    Long.class, departmentId);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            logger.info(ex.getMessage(), ex);

            return null;
        }
    }

    public String getUsername(Long userId) {
        Long id = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(
                "select ref from party_entity where id=?", Long.class, userId);

        String username = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(
                "select username from user_base where id=?", String.class, id);

        return username;
    }

    public Long getUserId(String username) {
        Long userId = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(
                "select id from user_base where username=?", Long.class,
                username);

        Long partyEntityId = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(
                "select id from party_entity where type_id=1 and ref=?",
                Long.class, userId);
        logger.info("username : {}, userId : {}", username, userId);

        return partyEntityId;
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
DraftKings Showdown 2021- Chicago @Pittsburgh
DFS November 8, 2021
We are here to cover the DraftKings Showdown slates for the 2021 season, continuing with Chicago @Pittsburgh. Rounding out Week 9 and bringing us to the halfway point in the year, rookie Justin Fields heads to Heinz Field, to take on Pittsburgh under the lights on MNF. The Steelers are 7-point favourites, with the O/U sitting at a miserable 39.5. This game could be a hell of a snooze fest.
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DraftKings Showdown 2021- Chicago @Pittsburgh Captain Picks
Najee Harris ($18,600)
Harris has been one of the brightest rookies so far in the league this year and is the clear lead-back on this Steelers' offence. He's averaging 98 yards on the ground across his last three games and faces a Bears defence giving up 136.6 rushing yards per game, 7th-worst in the NFL. On the surface, this Bears defence looks solid versus opposing RBs, 25th in terms of DKPTS surrendered to the position. However, a back with 54% of the team's red zone touches in Harris is just too difficult to pass up. No other player in the league has as big a share of their team's red zone touches than Harris – with 11 targets and 10 rushing attempts inside the 20.
Diontae Johnson ($16,800)
Johnson has had double-digit targets in 5 of the 6 games he's played so far this year and looks to have solidified himself as the alpha receiver in terms of target share – with 24% of Roethlisberger's passes heading his way. He's only seen 3 red zone targets, but in a PPR-setting, his ceiling his solid with the amount of targets he sees elsewhere on the field.
Darnell Mooney ($9,600)
The Bears' most targeted wideout this year? None other than Darnell Mooney, the 2020 5th round pick out of Tulane. He's seen a 24% target share through 8 weeks, compared to Allen Robinson's 21%, and has a snap count of 75%-plus in all but one game this year. In a matchup Chicago should be playing from behind in, Mooney should see a lot of the field, and offers a nice bit of salary relief. He leads the team in aDOT with 11.4 yards, and similar to Johnson, is solid in PPR scoring.
DraftKings Showdown 2021- Chicago @Pittsburgh Flex Picks
Ben Roethlisberger ($10,600)
Big Ben's best days are clearly behind him, but on a showdown slate like this, both QBs are always in consideration. Whilst Pittsburgh have a moderate implied team total of 23, Roethlisberger has a fairly safe floor on a slate devoid of many big stars. He's only had one multi-TD game this season, and obviously has zero rushing potential, but has gone for 200+ yards and a TD in all but one game this year. He's vital in GPPs if you're playing multiple Pittsburgh pass-catchers, but it's difficult to imagine him having a huge game, especially with such a low O/U.
Justin Fields ($10,400)
Fields' NFL career has been a mixed bag so far. Chicago are currently the only team in the league with more rushing yards than passing yards, but Fields has shown some nice flashes, despite an overly conservative gameplan in the passing game. Last year he exploded for 103 yards on the ground with a TD but hasn't been helped by his woeful O-line. No team has surrendered more sacks this year than Chicago with 30 – good for a rate of 12.6% per passing attempt, also worst in the league. They've also thrown a league-low 4 passing TDs (0.5 per game). This Steelers' passing defence is around league-average, giving up 240 yards through the air per game, but only have 2 interceptions so far, 2nd-lowest in the league. If fields is to have success tonight, he's going to need to show more of those flashes we saw last week versus San Francisco.
Chase Claypool ($9,000)
Claypool is Pittsburgh's big-play guy, evident by his team-high aDOT of 11.85 yards. With JuJu on IR, Claypool is the clear WR2 behind Johnson, but his steep price means he probably has to find the endzone here to do well. He doesn't see anywhere near Johnson's volume of targets, at 17.99%, but he's on the field for most of the game, seeing 97% of offensive snaps last week. He's more of a boom/bust play tonight, but in a potentially low-scoring affair, he only needs that one big play to perhaps be part of the optimal line-up.
Pat Freiermuth ($7,000)
The rookie out of Penn State has seen a nice uptick in playing time since Ebron picked up a hamstring injury prior to Week 8, with a 78% snap count last week. Only Diontae Johnson saw more targets than Freiermuth's 8 last week in Cleveland, and he also has 3 red zone targets on the year. He could see a similar number tonight, and whilst his price is a bit higher than I would have liked, the mid-range is ugly tonight, with not too many enticing options. Not a cash-game favourite of mine by any means, but the Day 2 tight-end is certainly a red zone threat.
Zach Gentry ($1,800)
Another Steelers TE drawing my attention tonight is the third-year Michigan man Zach Gentry. Ebron's injury has elevated his playing too. He saw an average of 24% of snaps in the first 6 weeks of the year, compared to 61% last week with no Ebron. He also saw 5 targets. Whilst this Bears team has been solid against the position so far, allowing just 6.7 DKPTS per game, there's not too much value here tonight to get too excited about, and Gentry offers a nice cheap punt option in GPPs.
DraftKings Showdown 2021- Chicago @Pittsburgh Kickers and Defence
Chris Boswell ($3,800) is probably my lean in terms of kicker tonight, as I struggle to see many FG or PAT attempts for Santos and the Bears. Despite his concussion last week, Boswell looks set to go tonight, and offers a great bit of salary relief. Both defences are in play as well tonight, in what looks set to be a low-scoring affair. Pittsburgh ($5,000) certainly has a higher floor and ceiling in terms of raw points. They're not forcing turnovers at a huge rate but facing a rookie QB always increases the likelihood of turnovers. It's sacks where they could get a nice little bump. Chicago have surrendered a league-high 30 sacks so far, with 4 in each of their last 3 games. I can't see T.J. Watt and co. struggling too much tonight. This Bears' defence ($2,600) is interesting due to its low price. Despite only forcing 7 turnovers on the year, they are managing a nice 2.7 sacks per game. In what could be a low scoring affair too, they make for a nice pivot in GPPS.
So, there are our DraftKings selections for the 2021 Showdown of New York @Indianapolis! Remember any DFS questions, you can check out our articles here. Or you can find us on Twitter, Facebook, or Instagram.
Image Credit: Charles LeClaire – USA TODAY Sports
Tags: showdownshare:
About Toby Ackland (@UKDFSports)
I've been playing season-long Fantasy Football for 4 years now, and only recently took the dive into DFS in the past couple of seasons.
I play NFL, NBA, PGA, EPL, and MLB daily fantasy, as well as dabbling in the betting markets on US sports, and would love to see DFS grow across the pond here in the UK.
View all posts by Toby Ackland (@UKDFSports)