text:
Experience on Electronic Editorial Activities at the Institute for Information Recordingof the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
We describe the Institute for Information Recording of the National Academy of the of Ukraine's experience on the establishment and distribution of scientific/technical information, educational programs, reference information, rare musical compositions reproduced from phonograph cylinders, and databases. Two methods of distribution of electronic editions were analysed: manufacturing of CDs, and application of telecommunication channels. It is expedient to distribute on CDs any information intended for use for a long period of time. On-line use of television computer broadcasts has been used for the Everything for Everybody Electron Computer Newspaper. The newspaper was established and registered in Ukraine in 1991 as a new mass medium. The electronic computer newspaper is broadcast five times a week on the first channel of the National TV of Ukraine, and it distributes up to 60 Mbytes of computer information per session under more than 80 Headings. The use of a television channel for computer data transfer has some advantages compared to other transfer systems: high data transfer rate (up to 1.2 Mbit/s); large data transfer quantities (up to 60 Mbytes per session); simultaneous data transfer to all the users; unlimited quantity of subscribers. Here we also give a brief description of the work on establishment and CD mastering and distribution of data on ethnographic expeditions, including unique phonorecords deciphered from Edison phonograph cylinders.
Shanojlo, Semen M., Vyacheslav V. Petrov, and Andrey A. Kryuchin. "Experience on Electronic Editorial Activities at the Institute for Information Recordingof the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine." In Proceedings of an ICCC/IFIP Conference. ELPUB. Washington D.C.: ICCC Pres, 1998.
Changing Content Industry Structures: The Case of Digital Newspapers on ePaper Mobile Devices
Van Audenhove, Leo, Simon Delaere, Pieter Ballon, and Michael Van Bossuyt. "Changing Content Industry Structures: The Case of Digital Newspapers on ePaper Mobile Devices." In Openness in Digital Publishing: Awareness, Discovery and Access - Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 53-64. ELPUB. Vienna, Austria, 2007.


SWBAT use strong verbs in their personal narratives.
Which word is the right word?
I have noticed this year that the majority of my students have no idea how to a find a verb in a sentence. Today some of my kiddos were telling me that the words "the" and "my" are verbs. Yikes! Looks like I have my work cut out for me!
Yesterday, I had my students assess a writing sample of their own, and look for trends in their word choice. Through that, I noticed that my students love to use helping verbs all the time! The data I collected will help guide me through this lesson.
I started by asking the students to tell me what a verb is. They said, a word that shows action. Then, I displayed a sentence with a helping verb.
"The shiny shirt was pretty." I asked my students to identify the verb. (This was very, very scary, but once we ruled out all of the other words, they guessed was!) I reminded them that some verbs do not show action.
I talked about how the verb "was" is a weak verb. Since we can't just pop in a different verb to make it stronger, we have to rework the sentence. We looked at this example instead.
"The rhinestone studded shirt glittered under the lights." I asked the students to identify the verb again. This time it was easier because they could see the action in glittered.
I showed them another sentence. "She was sad." Would you believe that some of my lovelies still couldn't find the verb? We finally found it, and I explained that we needed to rework the sentence to make the verb stronger.
We tried "She couldn't hide her red, tear-stained cheeks."
I also showed some easier sentences like.
"She ate dinner" which we changed to "She devoured her dinner." and then again to "The softball player devoured the greasy burger and fries."
I told the students to start by changing the verb. After that make the nouns more specific and add some details. Today our main focus is the verb though.
I printed out a sentence with a weak verb on the top of 8 different papers, one for each group. I kept the groups larger this time with 3 or 4 students. I wanted to use the data from the previous lesson to group the students, but I found that my classes were kind of all over the place with their word choice and various other writing issues. Because of this, I chose to keep my students in their mixed ability table groups. This activity is fast paced so there is little time to get off task. In hindsight, I should not have allowed groups bigger than 3. A few groups did get a little crazy, but for the most part, the students were on task.
Each group was to read the sentence and circle the verb. After that they were supposed to choose a stronger verb. Once the verb was chosen, they could jazz up the rest of the sentences. I gave them about 2 minutes to do this and then they rotated papers among the groups. When they got a new paper, they were supposed to read what the previous group wrote and choose a different verb to use. We repeated this process until each group had seen each sentence.
When the paper was back with the original groups, the students read all of the sentences and chose the one that they thought was the best. They weren't allowed to choose their own. They circled it and brought it up to me. I shared the improved sentences on the document camera. The students loved this, and they were really proud when one of their sentences was chosen.
I noticed that my reluctant writers jumped right in to this activity. It was fun and non threatening, so they felt successful.
Next I gave my students this handy list of strong verbs that I came across on the internet. I asked them to choose 3 that they thought were interesting. The students then wrote a short paragraph using those 3 verbs. I asked them to consider making all of the words in their sentences strong, not just the verbs.
For the most part, they did a fantastic job. I did notice that several students used verbs in correctly, mainly as adjectives instead of verbs. The majority of the kids were able to write sentences that were much improved from the pre assessment.
This activity also helped me realized that my students need help crafting descriptive phrases and generating precise nouns. We will tackle adjectives and descriptive phrases tomorrow!


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Q: Mysql 'Equal' (=) operator doesn't work when 'LIKE' operator does work [MYSQL]
Here are two queries that should bring out the same result.
but,
SELECT * FROM my_table
WHERE id = 12345;

Result: Nothing
SELECT * FROM my_table
WHERE id LIKE 12345;

Result: Correct Answer
Even 'id' is not a string, but int. How come this possible?

A: Because of MySQL's implicit casting rules, your query:
SELECT * FROM my_table WHERE id LIKE 12345;

is being converted to this:
SELECT * FROM my_table WHERE id LIKE '12345';

This is just the same as doing WHERE id = '12345', which of course is a valid comparison and will behave as you expect.

A: The LIKE operator is a logical operator that tests whether a string contains a specified pattern or not.
Then Use this :
SELECT * FROM my_table WHERE id LIKE '%'+'12345'+'%';

A: I've just the same problem, with intengers values but also with varchars, with a Drupal project...
In my case this happens after a Mariadb upgrade to the last version...
Really i made 2 upgrades, one to convert database to utf8mb4 and the Mariadb upgrade...
Just like you my query was
select *
FROM taxonomy_vocabulary taxonomy_vocabulary
where machine_name = 'news_type'

With like works... With equal not...
At the end i made a simple change...  Edit the value of the record, and change it x other value... And return to write the original value...
And have other records affected... not all... but most that have the char "_"
(But also happened me on a integer value)...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The MXP4Cafe will act as a virtual meeting place where artists can share interactive MXP4 music files with fellow musicians. The technology was launched last month and is a digital audio format that lets artists combine music and other multimedia elements into an all-new content delivery system.
Membership to the MXP4Café is free. Those that upload MXP4 tracks in the MXP4 format before December 31 2008 will receive a full license of the MXP4Creator software (normal cost £279).
– Download the MXP4Creator software.


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Magnetic Propulsion Engine
Leg Mounted Beer Bottles For Underwater Propulsion cylinder while the switch is opened and closed using a magnet field from the magnet outside the cylinder. In MagLev trains, electromagnetic propulsion works thanks to a linear motor. We are proud to be the global leader in sustainable cruising. Beginning with STS-110 in April 2002, all shuttle flights were powered by the improved Space Shuttle Main Engine. There's no shortage of greener ways to run a car. Propulsion systems in powertrains include internal combustion spark-ignition (SI) engines, compression-ignition (CI) engines, and electric motors. Propulsion Engines (Medium Speed) Auxiliary Engines Energy Systems Top Gas-Engine Heat Pump (GHP) Cogeneration Systems Gas-Engine Generators Large Generators. That term may sound familiar if you've read about MagLev trains. That force can either be repulsive or attractive depending on the orientation of the magnets. Propulsion definition, the act or process of propelling. That is why it is essential we find solutions to the noise, pollution, and health hazard caused by the conventional internal combustion piston engine. The calculator is 7. This is in contrast to ion thruster engines, which generate thrust through extracting an ion current from plasma source, which is then accelerated to high velocities using grids/anodes. How many teeth are there on the flywheel gear of this engine? Thanks, Bob. The Permasyn propulsion motor is a highly-efficient lightweight unit with an ultra-compact design. While some people enjoy driving fast cars, mountaineering or fine art, I spend my spare time collecting and working on old jet turbine engines. Launch & Propulsion Systems These pages provide links to resources for the many types of launch vehicles, propulsion technologies, exotic systems, etc. Siemens, whose highly efficient motor propelled an Extra 330LE aerobatic electric plane in 2016, is continuing its ascent in the electrified aircraft market. In the motor, the current-filled wires are filled with moving electrons, which carry a negative charge, and are strongly acted upon by the magnetic field. The magnetic nozzle helps to compress the plasma so that it can reach a higher velocity as it leaves the engine. and two on outer housing,the reverse pull back was hard to over come but i have minimise this affect. These engines are marvels of technology and works of art in their own right. However, Italian aerial torpedoes with a different kind of magnetic pistol were used by the Germans throughout the war. 9 years (54% of the time in space as of Sep. UFO RESEARCH UFO studies indicate that the unexplained (residual UFO) phenomena may be due to extraterrestrial visitors, parapsychological experiences, or a combination of the two. You can get an idea of how it works using some permanent magnets and a toy car. What's new: This is a magnetic aerodynamic concept that won the "Unseen Technologies Award" because it showcased the efficient use of two technologies in powering cars. 5 times more fuel efficient than typical combustion. Full disclosure – NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory has edited the data. Azimuthing permanent magnet thruster (AZ-PM) Propulsion AZ-PM combines a ring-type permanent magnet electric motor, propeller and nozzle in a tightly integrated propulsion unit. Modular Hydraulic Outboard Propulsion Units Send a Sales Inquiry Thrustmaster's Modular Hydraulic Outboard Outboard Propulsion Units are self-contained azimuthing thruster packages available from 300HP (225kW) to 3,000HP (2240kW) for main propulsion and positioning of barges, workboats and river craft. magnetic levitation. The first one you build won't be able to power your whole home. This magnetic propelling unit is composed into a human shaped structure. Reliable, Clean, Quiet and Powerful. The aircraft, which had the code name Project 1794, was developed by the USAF and Avro Canada in the 1950s. Conversion from a simple barge or unpowered vessel can be done in as little as a few hours to less than a week without modifying the hull. JPL researchers have shown how a new technology called magnetic shielding significantly increases the life of Hall thrusters while enabling operating voltages 100 percent higher than previously demonstrated. MAG Magnetic Propulsion Engine by Platinum Invests Group Corporation S. And magnetic layers added during printing can be used to guide the fish in specific. The nozzle must be robust to withstand the extreme stress, heat,. A NASA-led, research effort, involving several teams in the United States, continues to explore the physics and engineering of the VASIMR, and its extrapolation as a high power, in-space propulsion system. Discover Earth Engine Disruptive Technology. The magnetic vehicle which is to be propelled includes a rigidly attached armature. The B2 bomber uses magneto electrostatic technology to bend air around the ship thus making the ship more aerodynamic, but it's not radioactive, it charges the fast moving air coming out of the jets to make electro magnetic air, then oppositely charges the front of the wings to pull air from around the wings backward, this "cushions" the wings and it softens or perhaps eliminates sonic boom. Slide the engine air blower shroud off of the top of the engine to gain access to the magnetic coil, flywheel and ignition system. This is often referred to as "magnetic confinement. Twin main propulsion shafts driving controllable pitch propellers: Four (4) main diesel propulsion engines (rated at 600 BHP each) One (1) 350 HP bow thruster unit: Two (2) low speed propulsion motors (rated at 200 HP each) Three (3) ship service diesel generator sets at 375 kW each: Two (2) motor generators. 33c estimate based on prior simulations. The dipole drive is a new propulsion system which uses ambient space plasma as propellant, thereby avoiding the need to carry any of its own. The main finding is that effective exhaust speeds Ve ~ 0. Huge selection of new & fresh water used jet pumps, drive shafts, impellers, rebuild kits, ride plates & intake grates for your new or older Kawasaki JetSki. hi , I have been working on a magnetic engine for fifteen years, after building four engines and worked out the problems with them , the new engine as six rotators, with two r/earth magnets on each. For a mixed mode mission, the plasma magnet engine is turned on for the outward bound flight, with or without the main propulsion system turned on. But because the magnetic fields are closed and turned back towards the. It is described as a valuable engineering tool for swiftly computing a number of engineering characteristics of propulsion systems for space vehicles. i have no proof of them both being the same thing but when you add in the rumors of the military tr3b having. The magnetic field STARTS and ACCELERATES the flywheel on its own force, once attenuated. What does life on planet Mars sound like? Well, thanks to the data recorded by NASA's InSight lander, we can now hear ourselves. working Hendo hover engine. The Ministry of National Defense of the People's Republic of China this week reported the first successful test of a magnetohydrodynamic drive that could let ships and submarines sneak around almost totally silently. Several of these wire strands will be wrapped into a cable. Hall Effect Thrusters. Description of Units Mechanical, Electric, Magnetic 4 III. TOP SECRET U. Collaborative Space and Propulsion Education: Leveraging all sectors of the space enterprise to benefit the future U. A magnet is a material that can exert a noticeable force on other materials without actually contacting them. NASA Team Claims 'Impossible' Space Engine Works—Get the Facts developed and tested by engineers at NASA's Advanced Propulsion Physics Research radiation, and magnetic interactions. The wheels have both the engine and motor connected to their driveline, so the propulsion power that is supplied is a result of the engine on its own, the electric motor on its own, or a combination of both. April 6, 1999: The ion propulsion system on Deep Space 1 is the culmination of over 50 years of development on electric engine systems in space. After having pointed out their specific interest for rocket propulsion, technological keys for development will be presented. The magnetic nozzle helps to compress the plasma so that it can reach a higher velocity as it leaves the engine. Since the early 20th century, icebreakers have employed the flexibility and easy control of direct current (dc) motors to provide for ship operations that split ice with back and forth motion of the ship. Cummins has a strong marine heritage dating back to the Company's start in 1919. The goal of the magnetic field is to prevent erosion of the engine itself due to the plumes of the exhaust gas. A tenth of a milligram, about the size of a singlegrain of salt, contains the energy of 2 tonnes of the best rocketfuel known, liquid oxygen/liquid hydrogen. [p100] they raced among themselves to figure out how the craft could retain its electric capacity [p100]. Whether this type of rocket engine is a good choice depends on how much mass the electric propulsion system adds, and the challenges of integrating additional cooling capability into the reactor can be daunting. Join us on LinkedIn! Corporate News. Azipod® ICE propulsion is an azimuthing propulsion solution for wide range of icebreaking vessels for power up to 5 MW. Magnetic Overly-efficient Variable Engine Rotary Magnetic Force - Using Permanent Magnets as a Motive Source This device uses curious fact that magnets do not need to have equal and opposing force to release the magnetic grip between them. Satellite Propulsion Research Ltd (SPR Ltd) a small UK based company, has demonstrated a remarkable new space propulsion technology. ANALYTICAL DESIGN, NUMERICAL COMPUTATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF A PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE USED FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLE PROPULSION BY DANIEL FODOREAN* and L. Fusion Ramjet. Jet engines were successfully operated on nuclear power for the Aircraft Nuclear Propulsion program. Hyde estimates that this engine can carry 1,500 metric tons of payload, with an average trip-time of 6 weeks to Mars, 3 months to Jupiter, and. The platform has 3 electric engine and has a total weght of 53 kg (actualy). 0 and closed-loop self-powering, but apparently it has also been suppressed, as have all Japanese COP > 1. That term may sound familiar if you've read about MagLev trains. Chinese Navy Tests Experimental Magnetic Propulsion System. That is why it is essential we find solutions to the noise, pollution, and health hazard caused by the conventional internal combustion piston engine. Main Propulsion - How is Main Propulsion abbreviated? Magnetic Pressure They use the same fuel supply that is used by the main. This is in contrast to ion beam engines, which generates thrust through extracting an ion current from plasma source, which is then accelerated to high velocities using grids/anodes. [Closed Cycle Gas Core Engine](wiki/Closed Cycle Gas Core Engine) - Heavy nuclear engine with huge isp. Steam and. Over the years none to date have panned out. In its simpler form, Newton's Third Laws, for example, states that, "For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. April 6, 1999: The ion propulsion system on Deep Space 1 is the culmination of over 50 years of development on electric engine systems in space. Human figures supported with such a propulsion unit will be able to fly in the air without using any apparent vehicle. Different propulsion systems generate thrust in slightly different ways. The company is a valued and trusted partner to the big players in the industry, mainly GE Aviation and Pratt & Whitney. A general rule of thumb is that a diesel generator will use 0. A nuclear. 69c (where c is the speed of light) are feasible for charged pions in beamed core propulsion, a major improvement over the Ve ~ 0. By Carla Pegoraro 12 October 2015. Chinese whispers: China shows off magnetic propulsion engine for ultra-silent subs, ships Inshert Hunt for Red October jokesh here. BACKGROUND: Magnetic levitation (maglev) is an innovative transportation technology. A study that comparedantihydrogen propulsion systems with chemical propulsion systems 2 found that antiproton propulsion could possibly be cost effectivefor space propulsion. Nikolai Gorelenkov,. A strong magnet set in the open slot between sides of the wheel attracts an iron ball. The SEP project will use electrostatic Hall thrusters with advanced magnetic shielding instead of a rocket engine with conventional chemical propellant. Can to have my engine "zero mass air electric engine" the magnetic propulsion? What could be its value? About my engine and multicopter. [p100] they raced among themselves to figure out how the craft could retain its electric capacity [p100]. and two on outer housing,the reverse pull back was hard to over come but i have minimise this affect. Electric Propulsion Systems for Ships topics Yoshifumi Ajioka Kiyoshi Ohno INCREASING USE OF ELECTRIC PROPULSION SYSTEMS ON SHIPS AS is the case with general automobiles that are driven on land, the main type of engine used on ships is the internal combustion engine (motors such as diesel engines and gas turbines). • A strong magnetic field is used to guide the plasma. Unlike chemical propulsion, there is no combustion of fuel. This force is produced when a conductive non-magnetic ring such as a 1 turn aluminum ring (MOTOR) is closely coupled to another coil usually of more turns. Anyone who has played with magnets knows it is possible to push one magnet along by forcing the north or south pole of another close to the same pole of the first. This is known as hybrid-electric propulsion, which uses a combination of conventional internal combustion engine with an electric-propulsion system. I read this article: Astronauts Test Electromagnetic Propulsion Technology Aboard ISS. This is in contrast to ion beam engines, which generates thrust through extracting an ion current from plasma source, which is then accelerated to high velocities using grids/anodes. Chinese whispers: China shows off magnetic propulsion engine for ultra-silent subs, ships Inshert Hunt for Red October jokesh here. My name is Justin Woolgar and this website/blog is dedicated to my various jet engine projects. This energy then drives a generator that produces electrical energy. Now you will be able to harness that power in your own little corner of the universe by creating your own magnetic field and you can learn a little about how this massive power acts on a small scale. Make science fun and playful by making a magnet powered car!Make a road and see if you can push/pull your car in the right direction without touching it. The magnetic fields line merging process is also an essential part of the field resonance "propulsion" concept. 09/09/2019-CALSONIC KANSEI AND MAGNETI MARELLI CHANGE THEIR LEGAL COMPANY NAMES TO "MARELLI". We are one of the leading manufacturers of model boat steam engines, who constantly strive to bring an expanding range of efficient working replica model compound steam engines to the market place. AN ALIEN SPACECRAFT UNVEILED. Containing its own means of propulsion: a self-propelled golf cart. , headed by Dr. The fuel tanks will go empty in about ten minutes flat. Welcome to the JPL solar system dynamics web site. The Antimatter Photon Drive A Relativistic Propulsion System Darrel Smith⁄& Jonathan Webby Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Prescott, AZ 86301 This paper describes a propulsion system that derives its thrust from electron-positron annihilation. It's good practice to have easy access to everything to do with control and propulsion. magnetic mirrors) than with others (e. They say the. The coils are closed and the magnetic field they generate is hence constant and does not change over time. Collaborative Space and Propulsion Education: Leveraging all sectors of the space enterprise to benefit the future U. Electrothermal engines use electric power to heat the propellant. Though far less powerful than conventional rocket engines, plasma engines are able to operate at higher efficiencies and for longer periods of time. Free Energy Has Become So Big That Scammers Are Making it Hard To Know Just Who To Turn To. Maglev Technologies General Atomics (GA) is a pioneer in the research and development of innovative permanent magnets and linear motors to create clean, fast and efficient transportation solutions. With its massive list of features that set it above the competition. You know, like in The Hunt for Red October. This AM Racing motor is based on the very proven R Model : AMR 250-90:. AAS69-388, June 1969. Interplanetary travel could be a step closer after scientists confirmed that an electromagnetic propulsion drive, which is fast enough to get to the Moon in four hours, actually works. It offers improved efficiency and simplicity compared to conventional geared azimuth thrusters with separate electric motors in the thruster room. Siemens, whose highly efficient motor propelled an Extra 330LE aerobatic electric plane in 2016, is continuing its ascent in the electrified aircraft market. Inductance Energy is the worldwide exclusive licensee of Magnetic Propulsion and its many applications in industrial, commercial and consumer products. Human figures supported with such a propulsion unit will be able to fly in the air without using any apparent vehicle. Talbert, military and aviation editor for the New York Herald Tribune began a series of three articles covering the then current, world-wide research efforts to conquer the secret of gravity as a means of obtaining energy to propel various descriptions of both aircraft and spacecraft. China's new submarine engine is poised to revolutionize underwater warfare. It has a separate circuit aftercooling system (SCAC) for A through C ratings and a seawater aftercooling system (SWAC) for D and E ratings. A linear motor (propulsion coils) mounted in the track is one solution. The universe is made up of plasma, which is easily influenced by magnetic fields and forces, leading to complex behavior. It has a stationary piece, the stator, which surrounds a rotating piece, the rotor. The major feature of Hayabusa's electric propulsion (ion) engine is the generation of plasma using microwaves. For countries looking for energy independence, electromagnetic propulsion. PLASMA PROPULSION ENGINE. The particles are then propelled by the Lorentz force resulting from the interaction between the current flowing through the plasma and the magnetic field (which is either externally applied, or induced by the current) out through the exhaust chamber. reaction-propulsion. A proof of a German electro-propulsion (anti-gravity) flying saucer comes from FBI reports. It's no TIE fighter, but the Dawn probe is driven by the future of spacecraft propulsion: ion engines. A nuclear. Why are there different types of engines?. This is known as hybrid-electric propulsion, which uses a combination of conventional internal combustion engine with an electric-propulsion system. Heat Engines and Perryman thermal battery Energy to Weight using Turboshaft Engines** & *** To power the propulsion of any aircraft, truck, train or ship, heat is needed, here you can see the hard numbers. Looks like they tested the "rotate mechanism". But a NASA test says it works anyway. Fusion Ramjet. Simplified schematic of 1MW VASIMR engine package, including RF power processing equipment, magnet power supply and cryocoolers. However, one of the major new technologies, the electro-magnetic launch system, or EMALS, has not even been tested in a shipboard configuration and the ship is already under construction. The split of EV propulsion between the motors in Gen2 allows engine starting for extended-range driving using torque from an electronically-controlled motor, which makes the starts smoother, quieter, and more efficient than using a slipping clutch or a conventional starter. NASA's energy storage battery goals are substantially more aggressive than state-of-the-art and commercial off-theshelf technology. RadTown presents lessons plans for teachers covering basic concepts of radiation, non-ionizing and ionizing radiation, radiation protection, radioactive atoms and radioactive decay. The purpose of the propulsion machinery (main engine, gearbox, propulsion shaft line, propeller and pertinent auxiliary systems) is to propel the ship and to control manoeuvring, thus. Although that also an initial attempt is documented to provide scaling laws for high-speed PM motor ranging from 100 Wk to 20 MW. The magnetic fields line merging process is also an essential part of the field resonance "propulsion" concept. Introduction. The list below is an index into this site to help you quickly find what you are looking for. The dipole drive remedies two shortcomings of the classic electric sail in that it can generate thrust within planetary magnetospheres and it can generate thrust in any direction in interplanetary space. Most of our flywheel combinations are greater than 800 kg. Of these three the best suited system for propagated-electric-field-propulsion is the waveguide, which basically, is a rectangular metal tube whereby at one end the microwave power is pumped in, and at the other end the delivery of those power waves occurs with almost undiminished intensity. Powering humanity using Magnetic Propulsion, the world's most efficient energy source Earth Engine is the world's first and only power source propelled by Asymmetrical Magnetic Propulsion. Torpedo Models Torpedo Features The Torpedo DPV (Diver Propulsion Vehicle) is designed to provide divers with greater mobility and less air consumption, giving them more bottom time (within tables) and far greater range. According to ship classification society Det Norske Veritas (DNV), the first ship with dual-fuel LNG propulsion was the Norwegian passenger ferry Glutra, launched in 2000. Warfield 4111 North Drinkwater Boulevard, Apt. A nuclear-powered ship is constructed with the nuclear power plant inside a section of the ship cded the reactor compartment. 23 thoughts on " 'Vortex-drive' For Underwater ROV Propulsion " I imagined that it would be hard to keep the junction between the magnet and the vehicle smooth-sliding, and it would be. Romanellia, C. Instead, electromagnets in the track produce a magnetic force that pushes the train from behind and pulls it from the front. He estimates that using this technology a 200 horsepower automobile engine would be capable of generating a lift force of about 9000 pounds. It was shelved political decision that, (in order to cut costs on the atomic rocket projects) requiredboth projects to use an already designed NEVRA engine nozzle. Government Anti-Gravity Fleet is Operational Today These are not UFO Sightings This is military technology. A NASA study has recently concluded that the "Cannae Drive," a disruptive new method of space propulsion, can produce small amounts of thrust without the use of propellant, in apparent discordance. For Andreasson, Lazar and Townsend Brown UFOs. The Sea-Doo watercraft was originally released in 1988 and was updated on a sporadic basis. November 27, 2017 Title 46 Shipping Parts 41 to 69 Revised as of October 1, 2017 Containing a codification of documents of general applicability and future effect As of October 1, 2017 With Ancillaries. We will discuss four principal propulsion systems: the propeller, the turbine (or jet) engine, the ramjet, and the rocket. During World War II, diesel-electric submarines made up a majority of the propulsion systems used by the U. an engine alpha value of just over 1Kg/KW. magnetic nozzle is the main propulsion component of a beamed core antimatter engine, and optimization of its performance is crucial. With help from magnets, we may be able to explore farther and deeper into the final frontier than ever before. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. Anti-gravity (also known as non-gravitational field) is creating a place or object that is free from the force of gravity. Anyone who has played with magnets knows it is possible to push one magnet along by forcing the north or south pole of another close to the same pole of the first. The magnetic field acts at right-angles to the electric field, as shown in blue. Over the past year, there's been a whole lot of excitement about the electromagnetic propulsion drive, or EM Drive - a scientifically impossible engine that's defied pretty much everyone's expectations by continuing to stand up to experimental scrutiny. Experimental Investigation of the Physical Effects in a Dynamic Magnetic System by V. The magnetic vehicle which is to be propelled includes a rigidly attached armature. In the resting state, the moving cones are balanced and stablized in a magnetic field repulsion, like a magnetic bearing. Uses for Superconductors Magnetic-levitation is an application where superconductors perform extremely well. Earth Engine is the only known power source propelled by Asymmetrical Magnetic Propulsion, producing energy that can be applied to generating electricity, and operating pumps, compressors, and other mechanical devices. The aim is not to. "The Magnetic Ship" Anyone who has played with magnets knows it is possible to push one magnet along by forcing the north or south pole of another close to the same pole of the first. • Focus is on Hybrid Electric Propulsion Control Technologies related to alternative propulsion systems to further improve efficiency and emissions • Up until the present no NASA propulsion controls effort has been focused on Hybrid Electric Propulsion • New NASA Hybrid Electric Propulsion controls technology effort to start in FY17 •. the indian vedas called it the mercury motor. Cat® C12 Diesel Marine Propulsion Engines, with ratings of 340-490 bhp (254-366 bkW) at 1800-2300 rpm, meet IMO II emission standards with the exception of the 497 mhp (490 bhp) rating at 2300 rpm which meets IMO I emissions standards. The 123,000 MPH Plasma Engine That Could Finally Take Astronauts To Mars. A permanent magnet loses little strength unless dropped or heated. Free Energy Has Become So Big That Scammers Are Making it Hard To Know Just Who To Turn To. The biggest change in pod propulsion within the foreseeable future is a switch to voltage source inverter with pulse-width-modulation (VSI-PWM). An electromagnetic energy propulsion engine system including a hollow housing having a front part (50) and a rear end part (4) of material transparent to the passage of electromagnetic fields, electromagnetic field generating solenoidal windings (23), (25), having central axes parallel with the central axis of the engine and axially spaced from each other to provide a forward field generating. The fuel tanks will go empty in about ten minutes flat. Welcome to Propulsion Technologies International. This is in contrast to ion beam engines, which generates thrust through extracting an ion current from plasma source, which is then accelerated to high velocities using grids/anodes. Twin main propulsion shafts driving controllable pitch propellers: Four (4) main diesel propulsion engines (rated at 600 BHP each) One (1) 350 HP bow thruster unit: Two (2) low speed propulsion motors (rated at 200 HP each) Three (3) ship service diesel generator sets at 375 kW each: Two (2) motor generators. SZABO Technical University of Cluj-Napoca Received, May 31, 2011 Accepted for publication: July 26, 2011 Abstract. A magnet is any object that has a magnetic field. Modern crop pictures suggest a new and improved method for ion propulsion through space, using a two-stroke, "in-out", AC homopolar device, which scientists at NASA or universities worldwide seem not to have considered before. Breizman Institute for Fusion Studies, The University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712 (Dated: January 18, 2004) Abstract The ongoing development of the Variable Specific Impulse Magnetoplasma Rocket (VASIMR). For You Explore. Learn more New Rocket Engine Could Reach Mars in 40 Days. And here is a video: RINGS on a Reduced Gravity Flight. From the ion engines that are already working to explore the Solar System to the prototype solar sails to futuristic technologies like magnetic sails, and bussard ramjets. These engines are like high-octane versions of the ion drive. i have no proof of them both being the same thing but when you add in the rumors of the military tr3b having. The first one you build won't be able to power your whole home. Welcome to the JPL solar system dynamics web site. How viable they are is another story. the startup of the GMD is initiated by lowering a magnet at the center top of the shell inside the shell towards the momentarily magnetically balanced moving cones. "It can fly silently and without direct emissions from burning fossil fuels. Electrogravitics and Field Propulsion. The car is designed to run on magnetic roads which will interact with the electric engine in the car to generate a thrust. The world's first magnetic propulsion pen is as awesome as it sounds. The use of power to generate thrust without propellant improves the performance of propellant propulsion systems where the accumulated velocity exceeds the performance cost of the power supply mass. NASA-backed fusion engine could cut Mars trip down to 30 days an advanced propulsion engineer with the team, told The Register that the advantages of magnetic inertial confinement fusion. Sweden Has A Sub That's So Deadly The US Navy Hired It To Play Bad Guy Gotland Class was the first operational Air Independent Propulsion (AIP) on its standard diesel engines,. It's no TIE fighter, but the Dawn probe is driven by the future of spacecraft propulsion: ion engines. Toshiba's Propulsion Systems Power KeiKyu's New Trainâ€"Dec 09, 2015â€" Tokyo, Japan (Techreleased) â€"Toshiba Corporation today announced that high performance train propulsion systems that it has delivered. AN ALIEN SPACECRAFT UNVEILED. The Ministry of National Defense of the People's Republic of China this week reported the first successful test of a magnetohydrodynamic drive that could let ships and submarines sneak around almost totally silently. Apr 09, 2016 · The future of the car is not about propulsion. Joint Propulsion Conferences Home; No Access. It does not refer to the lack of weight under gravity experienced in free fall or orbit, or to balancing the force of gravity with some other force, such as electromagnetism or aerodynamic lift. The decomposition of hydrazine produces temperatures up to about 1,100 o C (2,000 o F) and a specific impulse of about 230 or 240 seconds. Join us on LinkedIn! Corporate News. magnetic levitation. The second type has its own launchjet rocket engine that ignites from the stroking of the gyrojet rocket on its rear end. AFI21-124 12 JANUARY 2017 3 the Director of Propulsion, Engine OAP Managers. Umberto Stranieri,. The three multimode rocket engines that are mounted on each corner of the platform use hydrogen or methane and oxygen for propulsion. This electromagnetic cavity claimed to be an engine that required no fuel and emitted no exhaust. These rod magnets are 1/8 in. In fiscal 2015, which ended on September 30, 2015, Siemens generated revenue of €75. If the performance required of a UAV is similar to the performance of conventional aircraft, the propulsion system may also be similar. A NASA study has recently concluded that the "Cannae Drive," a disruptive new method of space propulsion, can produce small amounts of thrust without the use of propellant, in apparent discordance. [p100] they raced among themselves to figure out how the craft could retain its electric capacity [p100]. The nozzle must be robust to withstand the extreme stress, heat,. Discover Earth Engine Disruptive Technology. Launched on Oct. And magnetic layers added during printing can be used to guide the fish in specific. The universe is made up of plasma, which is easily influenced by magnetic fields and forces, leading to complex behavior. 3512C Propulsion Engine (IMO II) The Cat 3512C marine propulsion engine makes your investment work harder. BRP SeaDoo, Arctic Cat Tiger Shark, Yamaha WaveRunner and other PWC. Propulsion systems in powertrains include internal combustion spark-ignition (SI) engines, compression-ignition (CI) engines, and electric motors. It works on a principle similar to that of an electric motor or generator; that is, passing an electrical current through a magnetic field creates a force. It may be easier to justify magnetic engine research by pointing out the fallacy of the prohibition of perpetual motion claims by the PTO then in arguing about net energy loss or zero point energy. The Human Stupid 5. The EM Drive experimental system could take humans to Mars in just 70 days without the need for rocket fuel, and it's no. Rachel K Wentz May 03, 2015 08:10 PM EDT. Also shown are several cool magnetic toys you can buy. "How to Adjust Magnetic Coils on a Lawn Mower. And today, one physicist describes how it could be used to create propulsion. The world's first magnetic propulsion pen is as awesome as it sounds. On the road to creating an electrodeless spacecraft propulsion engine. However, there's a way to make a simple permanent-magnet maglev train. Propulsion definition, the act or process of propelling. It was left to Sweden, in 1997, to deploy the first operational submarine using an AIP system, the stealthy Gotland-class boats that employed a heat-converting Stirling engine. Decimal Multiples and Submultiples 4 II. James Woodward, a. You will also get a T-Shirt and Sticker/Magnet Combo. Choueiri Scaling of Efficiency with Applied Magnetic Field in Magneto- plasmadynamic Thrusters. "How to Adjust Magnetic Coils on a Lawn Mower. (Roger Shawyer / Satellite Propulsion Research) the magnetic fields produced by the. working Hendo hover engine. The split of EV propulsion between the motors in Gen2 allows engine starting for extended-range driving using torque from an electronically-controlled motor, which makes the starts smoother, quieter, and more efficient than using a slipping clutch or a conventional starter. Welcome to the External Magnetic Field Propulsion System (ExMF-PS) home; our site was established in 2006 to investigate and replicate the propulsion system of a strange and unique phenomena, seen flying over Kampala-Uganda, on early hours of January 15th, 1995. Such a magnetic shove wouldn't be a bad form of propulsion if there were a way to keep it going. engine thrust on the test bench engine thrust on the test bench. This was a departure from earlier submarine power systems, which were direct drive types, little changed from the earliest boats. Classification PNEUMAFLEX clutches are approved without restrictions by all known classification societies for use in marine main propulsion and PTO systems. Steam and. I get that. This is in contrast to ion thruster engines, which generate thrust through extracting an ion current from plasma source, which is then accelerated to high velocities using grids/anodes. Heat Engines and Perryman thermal battery Energy to Weight using Turboshaft Engines** & *** To power the propulsion of any aircraft, truck, train or ship, heat is needed, here you can see the hard numbers. Plasma-based propulsion systems generate thrust by ejecting directed plasma flow. Space is supported by its audience. This was a competing design to NERVA. Related Pages: BEAMS Activity - Magnets and Electromagnets. Ion Heating with Beating Electrostatic Waves. Note: This is the first clear video available that shows one of the United States Space Fleet docking with the Space Station. They are composed of grade forty neodymium iron boron. Located outside Denver, Colorado, we stock more than 20 million individual magnets in hundreds of different sizes, shapes and strengths. Due to the few moving parts and simplicity of the system, much, if not all, of the maintenance can be done by the owner. Interstellar Travel, A Roundtrip Propulsion System with Relativistic Velocity Capabilities, American Astron. Windmills rely on wind, which is obviously not a stable source. Space is supported by its audience. For most of the 130 years that the hydrocarbon-fueled, reciprocating-piston internal-combustion engine (ICE) has been around, it has held an effective monopoly on automotive propulsion. ヤマト 1 - Yamato 1 Superconducting Electromagnetic Propulsion Boat "Yamato 1" boat exhibit, (magnetic propulsion system prototype completed 1991), Meriken Park, Kobe. Record-breaking use of solar-electric propulsion: 25,700 mph, 2. Jet Propulsion: Too Little, Too Late [41] Late in 1943, when the first turbojet engine was brought to the Cleveland laboratory, the entire subject of aircraft jet propulsion was so secret that only eight members of the laboratory staff were aware that the British and the Germans had actually flown aircraft powered by this radically new type of engine. Anti-gravity (also known as non-gravitational field) is creating a place or object that is free from the force of gravity. Both loops use magnetic repulsion to keep the train car in the optimal spot; the further it gets from the center of the guideway or the closer to the bottom, the more magnetic resistance pushes it back on track. Povinelli's professional accomplishments have contributed to the advancement of aeronautics and astronautics in several areas including air breathing propulsion, scramjet propulsion, rocket propulsion and pulse detonation engines. 3512C Propulsion Engine (IMO II) The Cat 3512C marine propulsion engine makes your investment work harder. I have a kubota v3800di engine used for marine propulsion. MAG Magnetic Propulsion Engine by Platinum Invests Group Corporation S. Left: A luminous plasma plume inflates an invisible magnetic bubble inside the vacuum chamber at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center. Both are somewhat unrelated, yet however fundamentally draw on similar EM(ElectroMagnetic) concept of resonation, by far complicated stuff between graduate level cryo chemistry as well as physics, 3rd semester atomic physics and quantum mechanics, descreet mathematics and don't forget repeatable. Discover (and save!) your own Pins on Pinterest. publicly released images from various Solar System exploration programs. This force is produced when a conductive non-magnetic ring such as a 1 turn aluminum ring (MOTOR) is closely coupled to another coil usually of more turns. Beginning with STS-110 in April 2002, all shuttle flights were powered by the improved Space Shuttle Main Engine. It is sometimes said to be the first fundamental innovation in the field of railroad technology since the invention of the railway. NASA's 'Impossible' Space Engine Tested—Here Are the Results a proceeding for a recent conference on space propulsion. April 6, 1999: The ion propulsion system on Deep Space 1 is the culmination of over 50 years of development on electric engine systems in space. The content included the improvement design of propulsion shafting system, new types of thrust bearing, composite material shaft, dynamic vibration absorber, phonon crystal band gap damping and relative active control technology. I used a ring and a disk magnet first, but the effect is working with normal magnets too. Superconducting motors and generators for ship propulsion and on-board utility service are being evaluated for their applicability in this environment. Called the Quotidian Pen, it isn't like your ordinary pen found in school supplies stores.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
import {
    library as L,
    makeBezier,
    makeDragZone,
    makeGroup,
    makeLine,
    makePicture,
    makeQuadratic,
    makeRender,
    makeTetragon,
    makeWheel,
} from '../source/scrawl.js'

import { reportSpeed, killArtefact } from './utilities.js';

// #### Scene setup
let canvas = L.canvas.mycanvas;

// Define the entitys that will be used as pivots and paths before the entitys that use them as such
makeWheel({

    name: 'pin-1',
    order: 2,

    startX: 100,
    startY: 100,

    handleX: 'center',
    handleY: 'center',

    radius: 10,
    fillStyle: 'blue',
    strokeStyle: 'darkgray',
    lineWidth: 2,
    method: 'fillAndDraw',

}).clone({
    name: 'pin-2',
    startY: 300,

}).clone({
    name: 'pin-3',
    startY: 500,

}).clone({
    name: 'pin-4',
    fillStyle: 'green',
    startX: 500,
    startY: 100,

}).clone({
    name: 'pin-5',
    startY: 230,

}).clone({
    name: 'pin-6',
    startY: 370,

}).clone({
    name: 'pin-7',
    startY: 500,
});

// Create a group to hold the draggable artefacts, for easier user action collision detection
let pins = makeGroup({

    name: 'my-pins',
    host: canvas.base.name,

}).addArtefacts('pin-1', 'pin-2', 'pin-3', 'pin-4', 'pin-5', 'pin-6', 'pin-7');

// Now start defining the Shape lines. Bezier, Quadratic and Line Shapes can `pivot` and `path` their control coordinates to other artefacts, similar to how start coordinates operate.
makeQuadratic({

    name: 'my-quad',

    pivot: 'pin-1',
    lockTo: 'pivot',

    // The normal action when the Start coordinates for Bezier, Quadratic and Line Shapes change is that the entire shape moves to the new coordinates. In this demo, we don't want that; when a user drags the wheel on which the shape's start coordinates pivots, we want the shape to 'change shape'. We can make sure this happens by setting its `useStartAsControlPoint` attribute to true.
    useStartAsControlPoint: true,

    controlPivot: 'pin-2',
    controlLockTo: 'pivot',

    endPivot: 'pin-3',
    endLockTo: 'pivot',

    lineWidth: 5,
    lineCap: 'round',
    strokeStyle: 'darkblue',
    method: 'draw',

    useAsPath: true,
});

makeBezier({

    name: 'my-bezier',

    pivot: 'pin-4',
    lockTo: 'pivot',
    useStartAsControlPoint: true,

    startControlPivot: 'pin-5',
    startControlLockTo: 'pivot',

    endControlPivot: 'pin-6',
    endControlLockTo: 'pivot',

    endPivot: 'pin-7',
    endLockTo: 'pivot',

    lineWidth: 5,
    lineCap: 'round',
    strokeStyle: 'darkgreen',
    method: 'draw',

    useAsPath: true,
});

// The 'path-line' shape uses the quadratic and bezier curves as paths for its start and end coordinates
makeLine({

    name: 'path-line',

    path: 'my-quad',
    pathPosition: 0,
    lockTo: 'path',
    useStartAsControlPoint: true,

    endPath: 'my-bezier',
    endPathPosition: 0,
    endLockTo: 'path',

    lineWidth: 5,
    lineCap: 'round',
    strokeStyle: 'black',
    method: 'draw',

    // Delta animate the path-line entity along the lengths of the bezier and quadratic Shape entitys
    delta: {
        pathPosition: 0.0015,
        endPathPosition: 0.0015,
    },

    useAsPath: true,
});

// the 'mouse-line' shape has its start coordinates permanently fixed to the center of the screen, while its end coordinates alternate between tracking a point along the 'path-line' shape, and the mouse cursor when it is moving over the canvas
makeLine({

    name: 'mouse-line',

    startX: 'center',
    startY: 'center',
    useStartAsControlPoint: true,

    endPath: 'path-line',
    endPathPosition: 0.5,
    endLockTo: 'path',

    lineWidth: 5,
    lineCap: 'round',
    strokeStyle: 'darkred',
    method: 'draw',

    useAsPath: true,
});

// Decorate the 'mouse-line' shape with other artefacts to turn it into an arrow
makeTetragon({

    name: 'arrowhead',

    order: 2,

    fillStyle: 'darkred',
    method: 'fill',

    radius: 10,
    intersectY: 1.2,

    handleX: 'center',
    handleY: '20%',
    roll: 90,

    path: 'mouse-line',
    pathPosition: 1,
    lockTo: 'path',
    addPathRotation: true,
});

makeWheel({

    name: 'arrowbase',

    order: 2,

    fillStyle: 'darkred',
    method: 'fill',

    radius: 20,
    startAngle: 90,
    endAngle: -90,

    handleX: 'center',
    handleY: 'center',

    path: 'mouse-line',
    pathPosition: 0,
    lockTo: 'path',
    addPathRotation: true,
});

// We can always grab a handle to any canvas entity by reference to its entry in the Scrawl-canvas library. Entitys are stored in both the `artefact` and the `entity` sections of the library
let arrow = L.entity['mouse-line'];

// Testing to make sure artefacts stick to their paths, even when those paths are animated or manipulated in various ways
makePicture({

    name: 'bunny1',
    imageSource: 'img/bunny.png',

    width: 26,
    height: 37,

    copyWidth: 26,
    copyHeight: 37,

    handleX: 'center',
    handleY: 'center',

    path: 'path-line',
    pathPosition: 0.1,
    addPathRotation: true,
    lockTo: 'path',

}).clone({

    name: 'bunny2',
    pathPosition: 0.9,
});

// #### User interaction
// Create the drag-and-drop zone
makeDragZone({

    zone: canvas,
    collisionGroup: pins,
    endOn: ['up', 'leave'],
    exposeCurrentArtefact: true,
    preventTouchDefaultWhenDragging: true,
});

// Function to check whether mouse cursor is over canvas, and lock the arrow's end point accordingly
let mouseCheck = function () {

    let active = false;

    return function () {

        if (canvas.here.active !== active) {

            active = canvas.here.active;

            arrow.set({
                endLockTo: (active) ? 'mouse' : 'path'
            });
        }
    };
}();

// #### Scene animation
// Function to display frames-per-second data, and other information relevant to the demo
const report = reportSpeed('#reportmessage');

// Create the Display cycle animation
makeRender({

    name: 'demo-animation',
    target: canvas,
    commence: mouseCheck,
    afterShow: report,
});

// #### Development and testing
console.log(L);

console.log('Performing tests ...');

killArtefact(canvas, 'pin-1', 2000, () => {

    pins.addArtefacts('pin-1');

    L.artefact['my-quad'].set({
        pivot: 'pin-1',
        lockTo: 'pivot',
    });
});

killArtefact(canvas, 'pin-5', 3000, () => {

    pins.addArtefacts('pin-5');

    L.artefact['my-bezier'].set({
        startControlPivot: 'pin-5',
        startControlLockTo: 'pivot',
    });
});

killArtefact(canvas, 'pin-7', 4000, () => {

    pins.addArtefacts('pin-7');

    L.artefact['my-bezier'].set({
        endPivot: 'pin-7',
        endLockTo: 'pivot',
    });
});

killArtefact(canvas, 'my-bezier', 5000, () => {

    L.artefact['path-line'].set({
        endPath: 'my-bezier',
        endLockTo: 'path',
    });
});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Vikadakumaran is a 2018 Indian Malayalam-language comedy film directed by Boban Samuel and written by Y. V. Rajesh. The film stars Vishnu Unnikrishnan and Manasa Radhakrishnan. It was produced by Arun Ghosh and Bijoy Chandran under the banner of Chand V Creations.

Cast
 Vishnu Unnikrishnan as Advocate Binu Sebastian
 Manasa Radhakrishnan as Sindhu, his love interest
 Dharmajan Bolgatty as Manikandan, Binu's assistant
 Rafi as Magistrate Solomon Mathew Puthanpallil
 Baiju Santhosh as Adv. Sundareshan Nadar aka KD
 Sunil Sukhada as Pappan
 Jinu Joseph as Roshi Balachandran
 Mahesh as Renjith
 Jayan Cherthala as Advocate Harihara Iyyer Swami
 Aruldoss as DSP Paul Raj, Tamil Nadu Police
 Arun Ghosh as C.I Anirudhan
 Indrans as Sukumaran Pillai, Home guard
 Sreeya Remesh as Leela
 Rosin Jolly as Aishwarya Nair, film actress
 Megha Mathew as Adv.Mini
 Nizhalgal Ravi as Tamil Nadu Police Superintendent
 Babu Annur as Anthony
 Devika Nambiar
 Abhilash kottarakkara gunda

Release
Vikadakumaran was released on 29 March 2018 in India.

References

External links

2018 films
2018 comedy films
2010s Malayalam-language films
Indian comedy films
Films directed by Boban Samuel

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
My Word!: Plagiarism and College Culture
Author/Contributor(s): Blum, Susan D
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Classroom Cheats Turn to Computers. Student Essays on Internet Offer Challenge to Teachers. Faking the Grade. Headlines such as these have been blaring the alarming news of an epidemic of plagiarism and cheating in American colleges: more than 75 percent of students admit to having cheated; 68 percent admit to cutting and pasting material from the Internet without citation. Professors are reminded almost daily that many of today's college students operate under an entirely new set of assumptions about originality and ethics. Practices that even a decade ago would have been regarded almost universally as academically dishonest are now commonplace.
Is this development an indication of dramatic shifts in education and the larger culture? In a book that dismisses hand-wringing in favor of a rich account of how students actually think and act, Susan D. Blum discovers two cultures that exist, often uneasily, side by side in the classroom. Relying extensively on interviews conducted by students with students, My Word! presents the voices of today's young adults as they muse about their daily activities, their challenges, and the meanings of their college lives. Outcomes-based secondary education, the steeply rising cost of college tuition, and an economic climate in which higher education is valued for its effect on future earnings above all else.
These factors each have a role to play in explaining why students might pursue good grades by any means necessary. These incentives have arisen in the same era as easily accessible ways to cheat electronically and with almost intolerable pressures that result in many students being diagnosed as clinically depressed during their transition from childhood to adulthood. However, Blum suggests, the real problem of academic dishonesty arises primarily from a lack of communication between two distinct cultures within the university setting. On one hand, professors and administrators regard plagiarism as a serious academic crime, an ethical transgression, even a sin against an ethos of individualism and originality. Students, on the other hand, revel in sharing, in multiplicity, in accomplishment at any cost.
Although this book is unlikely to reassure readers who hope that increasing rates of plagiarism can be reversed with strongly worded warnings on the first day of class, My Word! opens a dialogue between professors and their students that may lead to true mutual comprehension and serve as the basis for an alignment between student practices and their professors' expectations.


Great news! If you like to hike, bike and/or explore, you can't miss this opportunity to spend time in one of the most enticing and exciting areas of Texas.... Big Bend and the Trans Pecos region. FORT STOCKTON RV PARK has immediate openings for couples to work in the office, do outside maintenance, and/or serve in our well known onsite restaurant. In addition to a salary, we furnish you a full hook up site complete with electricity, propane, cable, & wifi; and, we even have a pool for you to relax in after hours. We make sure you have 2 consecutive days a week off TOGETHER. We are a "no drama" park, full most of the year with 50% nightly guests and 50% full time guests.


text:
Kevin Holt (* 25. Januar 1993 in Dumfries) ist ein schottischer Fußballspieler.

Karriere
Kevin Holt begann seine Karriere in seiner Geburtsstadt Dumfries bei Queen of the South. Während Holt in der U-19-Mannschaft des Vereins spielte debütierte er im September 2011 in der Profimannschaft. Sein Debütspiel absolvierte er für den damaligen Zweitligisten in der Partie gegen Greenock Morton, als er für Kevin Smith eingewechselt wurde. Im weiteren Saisonverlauf stand er im November 2011 erstmals in der Startelf der Doonhamers gegen Partick Thistle. Trotz des Abstiegs am Ende der Saison blieb Holt seinem Jugendverein erhalten. Als Drittligameister folgte eine Saison später der direkte Wiederaufstieg und der Gewinn des Challenge Cup. Holt konnte sich in dieser Zeit in der dritten Liga eine Stammposition erkämpfen, die er auch in der höherklassigen Spielklasse behielt. Er erreichte in den Spielzeiten 2013/14 und 2014/15 mit den Queens jeweils die Aufstieg-Play-offs zu der Scottish Premiership, die knapp gegen den FC Falkirk und die Glasgow Rangers verloren wurden. In der Sommerpause 2015 wechselte Holt zum Erstligisten FC Dundee. Nach drei Jahren in Dundee wechselte er im Jahr 2018 nach Zypern zum Paphos FC. Eine Saison Später kehrte er zurück nach Schottland zu seinem Heimatverein Queen of the South. Im Jahr darauf wechselte er erneut nach Zypern, als er bei Ermis Aradippou unterschrieb.

Erfolge
mit Queen of the South:

 Schottischer Drittligameister: 2013
 Scottish League Challenge Cup: 2013

Weblinks

 Kevin Holt in der Datenbank von soccerway.com

Einzelnachweise

Fußballspieler (Queen of the South)
Fußballspieler (FC Dundee)
Fußballspieler (Paphos FC)
Fußballspieler (Ermis Aradippou)
Schotte
Brite
Geboren 1993
Mann


text:
Lords: 4 March 2021
Telecommunications Infrastructure (Leasehold Property) Bill
Volume 810: debated on Thursday 4 March 2021
Back to top Previous debate
Commons Reason and Amendments
The Deputy Speaker
(Lord Faulkner of Worcester) (Lab)
My Lords, I will call Members to speak in the order listed. As there are no counterpropositions, Members not listed may not speak and the Minister's Motions may not be opposed. Short questions of elucidation after the Minister's response are discouraged. A Member listed to speak and wishing to ask such a question must email the clerk.
Motion A
Moved by
Baroness Barran
That this House do not insist on its Amendment 1 and do agree with the Commons in their Amendments 1A and 1B in lieu.
1A: The Schedule, page 8, line 4, at end insert—
"1A In section 134 (restrictions in leases and licences), in subsection (8), for the definition of "lease" substitute—
(a) in relation to England and Wales and Northern Ireland, includes—
(i) any head lease, sub-lease or underlease,
(ii) any tenancy (including a sub-tenancy), and
(iii) any agreement to grant any such lease or tenancy;
(b) in relation to Scotland, includes any sub-lease and any agreement to grant a sub-lease,
And "lessor" and "lessee" are to be construed accordingly;"."
1B: Page 9, line 21, leave out ", after the definition of "lease" insert—" and insert "—
(a) for the definition of "lease" substitute—
(ii) any tenancy (including a sub- tenancy), and
(iii) any agreement to grant any such lease or tenancy,
but does not include a mortgage by demise or sub-demise;
(b) in relation to Scotland, includes any sub- lease and any agreement to grant a sub- lease,
and "leased premises" and "lessee" are to be read accordingly;";
(b) before the definition of "relevant person" insert—"
Motion B
That this House do not insist on its Amendment 3 to which the Commons have disagreed for their Reason 3A.
3A: Because the Commons do not consider it necessary for the Secretary of State to be required to carry out a review as set out in Lords Amendment No. 3.
The Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State, Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport
(Baroness Barran) (Con)
My Lords, I am moving Motions A and B en bloc. When the Bill was introduced in early 2020, we could not have predicted the situation that we find ourselves in now. Over the past year, our telecoms network has allowed businesses to continue to operate, children to continue to learn and those in isolation to continue to see and speak to families and friends. As the Minister for Digital Infrastructure has done in the other place, I give wholehearted thanks to the UK's digital infrastructure providers, internet service providers and mobile network operators. They have stepped up and worked with us to bridge the gaps in provision, be that through whitelisting educational websites, providing free data and devices to struggling families or coming together to deliver connectivity to the Nightingale hospitals and vaccination sites. As with any industry, there is a tendency to pay attention only when something goes wrong and to ignore the huge amount of effort and hard work it takes to keep things working normally. The industry's efforts during this extraordinary time cannot and must not be forgotten.
However, the coronavirus pandemic has put into sharp relief the divide between the digital haves and the digital have-nots. This Government's ambition is to support the delivery of fast, reliable, resilient broadband to every home and business in this country. Noble Lords will be aware—not least from our discussions during the passage of the Bill—of the myriad, complex barriers that face infrastructure deployment. There is no panacea, but the Bill provides a modest yet vital development. Despite having once been described by the Guardian as "an obscure technical bill", it has within its initial scope some 10 million people in the UK who live in flats and apartments. It also contains the flexibility to bring still more people into its scope in the future, such as those in office blocks and business parks, where the evidence points to it.
We expect these provisions, once commenced, to make a real difference to rollout, along with other measures we are taking forward such as mandating gigabit connectivity to new-build developments and reforms to the street-works regime so that it better supports deployment.
I trust that your Lordships will have seen that a consultation on further potential changes to the Electronic Communications Code has now been published. We will carefully consider whether further legislative changes beyond those made in the Digital Economy Act 2017 are necessary as a result of what we learn from that consultation. These are all steps that, combined, will help operators achieve their, and this Government's, ambitious connectivity targets. Crucially, these measures will take into account the interests of those needing greater connectivity, balancing those interests alongside those of landowners. Just as with the Bill, that balance is crucial to ensure that we continue to bridge that digital divide.
The Motion asks that this House does not insist on its Amendment 1 and does agree with the Commons in its Amendments 1A and 1B in lieu. As noble Lords will recall, Amendment 1 was tabled by the noble Lord, Lord Clement-Jones, following similar amendments by the Opposition Front Bench, here and in the other place. Its purpose is to clarify that people who rent their flat can make use of the policy in the Bill. While we maintain that the Bill has always provided for that, the strength of feeling on the matter is undeniable. To make it clear that the Bill serves the interests of tenants as well as leaseholders, the Government have tabled two amendments in the spirit of that tabled by the noble Lord, Lord Clement-Jones. The amendments clarify the definition of "lease" in the Electronic Communications Code, to ensure that it includes, for example, any tenancy. I hope that your Lordships will support these amendments.
I hope that the House will not insist on Lords Amendment 3, to which the Commons has disagreed for Reason 3A. That amendment, tabled by the noble Lord, Lord Stevenson of Balmacara, adds a new clause requiring the Secretary of State to commission a review of the impact of the Bill on the Electronic Communications Code. The proposed new clause requires the commissioned review to include an assessment of whether the code is sufficient to support the delivery of one gigabit per second broadband to every premise in the country by 2025. The amendment also requires that further, separate assessments be made of whether the code should be amended to
"introduce rights of access to telecommunications operators akin to those available to suppliers of electricity, gas, and water".
The amendment also provides for an assessment as to whether the code should be amended to provide additional development rights and encourage collaboration alongside other works being carried out in the locality.
I recognise and appreciate the intention with which this amendment was tabled. It is important that the Government are held to account over their rollout targets, and it is frustrating that many parts of the country still do not have access to the digital services they need. However, we continue to believe that the amendment is unnecessary and seeks to introduce provisions which fall outside the purpose of the Bill and, indeed, the code itself. As I have said, there are already mechanisms in place by which the department's rollout targets are measured and scrutinised.
Ofcom, the independent regulator, publishes its annual Connected Nations report, which it updates a further two times a year. This provides a clear assessment of the progress that this country is making in providing connectivity, both fixed and mobile. These reports provide detailed analysis of the connectivity available in the UK as a whole, in each of the nations and in urban and rural areas. They show the progress that is being made in the deployment of gigabit-capable networks and 4G and 5G coverage. They show progress in relation to connections to superfast services, as well as the areas in this country which are not yet served—for example, those premises unable to access a broadband speed that meets the minimum under the universal service obligation. Should the Ofcom reports raise questions, the Government continue to provide answers and clarity on any aspects of their work in this area, both in this House and in the other place.
Furthermore, there are established means of scrutiny through Select Committees. To take some recent examples, in December 2020 the DCMS Select Committee published its report, Broadband and the road to 5G; in January this year, the Public Accounts Committee published its report, Improving Broadband; and in February, the Science and Technology Committee published UK telecommunications infrastructure and the UK's domestic capability. Ministers and senior officials have given evidence to Parliament on a number of occasions and have been asked to account for their progress towards achieving greater connectivity as part of these sessions.
Moving on to the more technical reasons why we cannot accept this amendment, I remind your Lordships that the Electronic Communications Code is technology neutral. It is not about what is being installed; rather, it is about where, when and how equipment is installed. It is about the rights of operators to perform these activities and the rights of those whose land is used for this purpose. It is simply not possible to judge whether the Electronic Communications Code supports access to 1 gigabit per second broadband, because it is not designed to facilitate just gigabit-capable connections.
By contrast, the code is about access to land to facilitate the installation, maintenance and upgrade of electronic communications networks, including gigabit-capable broadband but also mobile telephony. The only way to judge the code is to examine the availability of all types of connections. As I have mentioned just now, the independent regulator does exactly that and regularly publishes those reports.
With regard to comparing the powers of telecom operators with gas, water and electricity suppliers, the Government recognise that further changes to the code may be required if it is to effectively support the achievement of our coverage and connectivity targets. Shortly before Third Reading, we published a consultation on further potential changes to the code. That consultation seeks responses from interested parties on a number of different issues relating to access to land. These issues have been raised by us with stakeholders and go beyond the specific matter of unresponsive landlords that the Bill addresses. The consultation is open until 24 March 2021. The Government will look closely at all responses in evaluating whether further changes are needed and, if so, what those changes should be.
The amendment in the name of the noble Lord, Lord Stevenson, goes further still and references permitted development rights and street works. DCMS does not have responsibility for these two policy areas, but I reassure your Lordships that DCMS officials work in close contact with the relevant parts of government to take a joined-up approach and to pursue the reforms that the industry is asking for.
Additional development rights are a planning matter which sits outside the Electronic Communications Code. However, many noble Lords will be aware that telecom operators are afforded significantly more flexibility in how they install their infrastructure. This includes, for example—under permitted development rights—exemptions from a number of requirements to request planning permission. My department continues to work closely with colleagues in the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government in that regard, and in August 2019 we launched a joint consultation with MHCLG regarding potential reform of permitted development rights, particularly to support mobile network deployment. The Government published their response to that consultation in July 2020. The response announced that, subject to a technical consultation, we will take forward the proposed reforms. We expect to publish the technical consultation in the spring.
Finally, I reassure your Lordships of the work that the Government are already doing with regard to the co-ordination of street works and promoting greater collaboration between telecom providers with local authorities and the suppliers of gas, water and electricity. My department is working closely with the Department for Transport and last year released the new Street Manager digital service. This was the largest update to street works in a generation and has simplified and improved the planning and co-ordination of works throughout England. This service is used by utilities and highway authorities alike and is offering unprecedented opportunity for collaboration and joint works. The Government are continuing to assess what further reforms can be made to improve co-ordination and collaboration, including changes to both permitting and traffic management schemes. I also note that roads are an area of devolved competence, so they would not be an appropriate addition to this Bill, which applies throughout the UK.
I hope that the Government's reasons for disagreeing with Amendment 3 are clear. We fully appreciate the intentions of this amendment, and the Government share your Lordships' concerns that telecom operators must be given the best tools possible if they are to deliver world-class connectivity.
We are listening to the telecom industry very carefully, and I assure noble Lords that we are getting there and identifying and delivering the necessary reforms. However, this amendment is impractical. It aims to bring into the Bill issues that it has never been the role of the Electronic Communications Code to provide, such as gigabit-capable connections and improved planning and street works.
I hope that your Lordships will be reassured by the recent publication of the consultation considering potential reforms to the Electronic Communications Code. We remain very much open to ideas from the industry and landowners on how the Government can better support rollout, and we will take legislative action if the evidence demonstrates a need to do so. I therefore beg to move that this House disagrees with Amendment 3.
(LD)
My Lords, I thank the Minister for her thorough review of both the amendments, and of the scene.
The Bill seems to have been around almost as long as the Covid pandemic. I am almost minded to call it the "lockdown Bill", because it surfaced from time to time and then disappeared from time to time. Looking forward, I hope that future Bills which may or may not emerge from consultations will perhaps have a rather more impelling momentum than this one, which seems to have been rather caught in the backwash of legislation.
It has been a Bill of essentially two debates. One was the huge concern that your Lordships demonstrated about the nature of the digital communications supply chain; the Minister may be pleased to know that I will not go back into that. The other debate—the Minister may not agree—has exposed the paucity of ambition in the Bill and, therefore, by extension, in Her Majesty's Government. On the Minister's own admission, it is a narrow Bill; I would say it is just about as narrow as the Government's USO, which I remind your Lordships is just 10 megabits a second. Both the Government and the industry should be seeking to increase that.
When it comes to the digital communications supply chain, there is one thing that I should like to talk about. Much work is to be done in the sector as it comes to terms with the future absence of Huawei. Since we last considered the Bill, some of us have received letters from the Minister setting out plans for supply chain diversity. I hope that that letter is in the Library; if not, it would be appreciated if the Minister made sure that it was. Government support for the NEC open RAN trial is good and we welcome that. I remind the Minister that the Government's stated aim is to have 5G open RAN up and running this year. It would therefore be helpful if the Minister were able in her closing words to let us know whether that is on track. I should point out in referring to the technical consultation being due in the spring that the first day of spring was Monday, so we are, as it were, already sprung.
I turn to the items on the Marshalled List. When addressing the amendment on leasehold status in the Commons, the Minister of State Matt Warman MP recognised the plight of people living in flats and apartments, which was welcome. He and the Minister enumerated about 10 million people as potentially benefiting from being able to seek better broadband in their homes. That point was thoroughly made by my noble friend Lord Clement-Jones. The purpose of his amendment on Report was to clarify, as the Minister said, that people who rent their flat can make use of the changes in the Bill. It is gratifying that the Government have retained the spirit of that Amendment 1 in offering Amendments 1A and 1B instead. I am sure that my noble friend will have more to say on that.
Turning to Lords Amendment 3, the Government's response is not supportive and that is disappointing. That amendment would have added a new clause requiring the Secretary of State to commission a review of the impact of the Bill on the Electronic Communications Code. It seems to me that in her rebuttal of that amendment the Minister enumerated the considerable weaknesses of the code and set out some areas of concern. Amendment 3 would have included an assessment of whether the code was sufficient to support 1 gigabit broadband rollout in every premises by 2025. In her rebuttal, she said that the code was not competent to do that. Given that so much weight has been put, not least by the Government, on that target, that would seem to be a serious issue. As the Minister set out, it would have required separate assessments to be made, as well as addressing the issue around utilities—that was well rehearsed on Report and I do not propose to do so again.
However, I am tempted to ask what the Government are scared of in terms of allowing that review to happen. They seem to be nervous about their ability to deliver on that 1 gigabit target. It was therefore not surprising that Matt Warman MP would politely denounce that amendment, as the Minister has done today. Both focused on the assertion that elements of the amendment fall outside the scope of the Bill. It is not beyond understanding that if that were the case the Government could have come back with an amendment that retained or created a review but also satisfied the need for the amendment to sit inside the Bill. Once again, we have fallen foul of the narrowness of the Bill.
It is partly surprising and perhaps gratifying that the Government have realised how narrow the Bill is, and it was almost remarkable that before the ink was dry on it, the next consultation came fluttering through the letterbox. Perhaps the Minister has, in a sense, already confirmed the recognition that the Bill was insufficient in the first place. It has taken us a long time for us to get not very far and now we have to start again.
On many occasions, the Minister has reminded us that the code is technology-neutral. I think we know and understand that. Therefore, the review has to grasp that within the context of how the code in future deals with the key issue: are people getting the connectivity they need, can we measure it, and can we make it quicker and better as well as cheaper? I hope that that goes beyond simply talking about access to land and that kind of issue. Let us get through this consultation as quickly and thoroughly as we can. Let us get another Bill so that we can create a code that does what it needs to do and is fit for purpose because, let us face it, the Government have an interest in delivering the gigabit target from their manifesto but the country has much higher stakes in this. We need it as soon as possible.
Baroness Falkner of Margravine
(CB)
My Lords, I join the Minister in congratulating our telecoms providers on rising to the challenge of providing relatively comprehensive connectivity to the nation in response to Covid.
However, I am reluctant to speak to Amendment 3 in the name of the noble Lord, Lord Stevenson of Balmacara, other than to say that I do not support it, for the reason that it appears to place additional burdens and apportion impractical and potentially onerous rights. It would be injected into the Bill in its closing stages when we do not have the capacity as a House either to examine the issues or to reflect on the Electronic Telecommunications Code and the impact of the new rights being given to operators. My approach is that it is best not to introduce additional complexities to Bills during ping-pong.
However, I intervened on the Bill as far back as 19 May 2020 with my amendment to prevent vendors defined by the National Cyber Security Centre as high-risk. From the outset, I welcomed the aims of the Bill. My intentions were narrow and were to protect our critical infrastructure and, by definition, since that is built for the longer term—20, 30 or perhaps 40 years —to protect it from being compromised by firms that today might seem benign but in the long term may be able to jeopardise our security as technology becomes more complex.
My amendment was described as being anti-Huawei, although its wording was much broader. I owe a huge debt of gratitude to other noble Lords who joined me in that endeavour because I was constantly being told by the Government Benches that the amendment was inappropriate. However, the noble Lords, Lord Alton of Liverpool, Lord Forsyth of Drumlean, and Lord Adonis, stuck with me as we continued to argue that Huawei or, indeed, any other future telecoms provider that might jeopardise our national security should be removed from being able to operate with impunity in this country.
I truly regret that the Bill was delayed in our seeking those safeguards, but that is what we exist for here as a scrutinising Chamber. We give the Government an opportunity to think again and that is what has happened through those amendments. We currently have before us in the Telecommunications (Security) Bill the right place to discuss those matters as we go forward, and the Government have also seen the light of day on the use of Huawei.
I therefore thank the Minister for her openness throughout the year in having given us valuable time and discussing where we might go with our amendment. I thank all noble Lords who participated in the Bill for having put up with us and a slightly otiose amendment. Nevertheless, we got there in the end.
Lord Clement-Jones
My Lords, I thank the Minister for her comprehensive introduction. I agree with her emphasis on the importance of internet services and the need to eliminate digital exclusion. It is hard to think what the consequences would have been if we had suffered this pandemic just 10 years ago, when our broadband services were less extensive and much slower than now.
In the name of inclusivity, I welcome the first part of today's business, Motion A. Throughout the course of the Bill, my noble friend Lord Fox, the noble Lords, Lord Stevenson of Balmacara and Lord Liddle, the noble Baroness, Lady McIntosh of Pickering, and others have been arguing for as inclusive a definition as possible of those who could be regarded as tenants, without straying into the territory of licensees or licences. It includes those with assured shorthold tenancies or assured tenancy agreements, as well as students living in short-term lets, where a tenant has, or tenants have, exclusive possession of the let property.
We have been concerned throughout to ensure that all tenancies such as renewable tenancies are included, even if they are not, strictly speaking, leases and that there should not be any grey areas that need to be interpreted by the courts. I am pleased that the Government have now produced an even more inclusive definition than the one that I argued for on Report. My sincere thanks go to the Minister and the Bill team for their care and consideration on what we have always regarded as an important issue.
However, I do not welcome Motion B. The original purpose of the amendment in the name of the noble Lord, Lord Stevenson, which was strongly supported on these Benches—I remind the noble Baroness, Lady Falkner, that it was introduced not at ping-pong but on Report—was to ensure that the code is fit for the purpose of delivering the Government's manifesto commitment of broadband capable of 1 gigabit per second to every home by 2025. The need for this has become even more important, particularly since the Covid-19 lockdown has demonstrated our increasing dependence on good broadband connectivity for remote working, education and many other aspects of life, as the Minister mentioned.
Sadly, it is clear that the Government are backtracking in their ambitions—the 2025 1 gigabit per second target has been watered down and the budget for rollout expenditure slashed by two-thirds. Even so, it is clear that the Electronic Communications Code needs regular review to ensure that the Government's objective, however watered down, is met and that operators have all the rights under the code that they need.
My noble friend Lord Fox rightly commented on a universal service obligation of a miserable 10 megabits per second and I completely agree with him. However, looking to the future, I am glad that during the course of the Bill we have started a genuine debate around whether we can describe broadband as a utility and what the appropriate rights of entry are.
I am also grateful to the noble Baroness for answering what the noble Lord, Lord Stevenson, described as a blizzard of questions on telecoms supply chain diversification in her extremely informative letter last month. Some of the work being carried out on open RAN, mentioned by my noble friend Lord Fox, is ground- breaking for the interoperability and competitiveness of our 5G networks. It is good to see that international collaboration is regarded as essential and is ongoing.
However, at the end of the day I am left with a sense of bafflement. This has been a ridiculously modest Bill, given the challenges of the broadband and 5G rollout ahead. Of course, as the Minister has mentioned, we now have Access to Land: Consultation on Changes to the Electronic Communications Code, which was issued in January. Notwithstanding this Bill, it seems clear the Government think that further changes are needed to clarify the position on rights to upgrade and share. Why not an earlier consultation? Why were these issues not considered before this piece of legislation? Are these long-standing questions or are they thoughts that have arisen during the course of the Bill? Is there another Bill on the way? We know from the representations made that the operators are calling for other changes that are not included in the Bill or the consultation.
I have another quote from Matt Warman. In his introduction to the consultation he says:
"The government is committed to ensuring that the Code is fit for purpose in order to deliver our digital connectivity targets."
That is excellent. A review of the kind envisaged in our amendment would have been perfect for that purpose. The Bill has taken an inordinate time to get through, but it is clear that more reforms are in the pipeline. The question remains: could we have been spending our time better and enacting a more comprehensive Bill with a wider range of revisions, instead of this piecemeal approach?
Lord Stevenson of Balmacara
(Lab) [V]
My Lords, like others, I start by joining the Minister in thanking all our digital providers for the work that they have been doing during the pandemic, which, of course, will continue for some time to come. I hope that it will provide the basis for a learning experience about what it means to live in the digital economy that we all share hopes for.
As the Minister said when she introduced the Motions, this Bill is a modest one. However, when she says that it affects some 10 million people, that means that it has important implications. We never objected to the ideas behind the Bill and, indeed, wanted to help as much as we could to make sure that it became law as quickly as possible and allowed access to the digital economy that is so necessary in the modern world to people who otherwise would not have had it because of problems with their freeholder. We must accept that broadband is a utility.
I welcome the Government's amendment. I think that the right word has been used, in that it "improves" the amendment originally moved by the noble Lord, Lord Clement-Jones, on Report, which we also supported, to try to make sense of the definitions in terms of who was to be affected, whether it was leaseholders, renters or whatever. The language is much better as a result and that is good.
Unfortunately, the removal of the amendment just discussed by the noble Lord, Lord Clement-Jones, seems to have a bit of a downside. I talked with the Minister before we got to this stage in proceedings and made it clear that we would not insist on our amendment being retained within the Bill. I think that we did that more in sadness than in a spirit of support, because it relates to important issues that have been raised in today's debate.
The Minister was kind enough to praise our aspirations for the Bill, but she was also rather devastating in demolishing all the points that I thought that we had broadly agreed were important. She pointed out how inept our drafting was and how problematic it would have been had the amendment stayed within the Bill. Such are the joys of opposition. We are never going to achieve the skills of the draftsmen available to the Government. I wish that sometimes more credit would be given to the ideas that we have put forward, rather than worrying about their expression.
At the end of the day, I suppose that the consultation on the Electronic Communications Code announced by the Government in January does the trick on some of the issues underlying our amendment. However, as the noble Lords, Lord Clement-Jones and Lord Fox, said, it also exposes that fact that a large number of wider issues, often led by other departments in government, still have not been resolved. I urge the Government to push forward on the permitted development issues and on the street works, including the need for the antennae and cabinets that will be required if the 5G support for the 1 gigabit-enabled economy is ever to see the light of day.
I could delay the House with a further discussion of the need for much more ambitious targets, a better USO and more investment, but these have been covered and this Bill is not really the right place for them. I leave my comments with a question for the Minister: does she have in her mind a route map for how we are to achieve the 1 gigabit per second-enabled infrastructure? I am confident that, since this issue will not go away, we will be resuming discussion of it in the not-too-distant future.
Finally, I share the Minister's concern that the telecoms operators, which we have praised already for the work that they have done during this pandemic, should continue to get the best tools and the best access so that they can continue to innovate and provide superfast quality broadband to as many people as possible. Unfortunately, I harbour a niggling concern, rather like the noble Lords, Lord Fox and Lord Clement-Jones, that one problem that will get in the way of this delivery is the scope and scale of the current Electronic Communications Code. As the noble Lord, Lord Clement- Jones, said, is not the real question how we are to get beyond that to think again about how a utility as important as the internet can be allowed to be installed without the current plethora of planning and other restrictions, and control of the streetscape and the environment in which it has to be inserted, being in the hands of other departments? It seems to suggest that more work is required, but that is for another day.
(Con)
My Lords, I thank all noble Lords for their helpful contributions to the debate and I will respond to some of the questions that have been raised. I start by sharing the aspiration of the noble Lord, Lord Fox, that future Bills should move more smoothly. I shall try not to take too much personal responsibility for the pace of this Bill, but I know he will accept that the breadth of Bills can slow them down. There is a tension between wishing that there could have been more in this legislation and the speed of its progress.
Along with the noble Lord, Lord Clement-Jones, the noble Lord, Lord Fox, raised questions about our diversification strategy and its progress, particularly in relation to open RAN. I want to reassure all noble Lords that we have made early progress in our work to accelerate the development of open interface solutions by committing to work with NEC to launch the NeutrORAN test bed as part of the wider 5G test beds and trials programme that will showcase 5G open RAN technology. As noble Lords are aware, our strategy in this area is backed by an initial investment of £250 million to kick off this work. We are trying to take a balanced approach to this diversification, which will see measures introduced across three separate strands of activity; that is, by supporting incumbent suppliers such as Ericsson and Nokia, as well as attracting new suppliers into the UK market and, as I said, accelerating open interface solutions and deployment.
The noble Lord, Lord Fox, asked why we are nervous about a review. I do not think we are nervous and I hope I have made it clear that we do not think that that kind of review is necessary given the level of scrutiny already given by Ofcom and Select Committees across both Houses.
The noble Baroness, Lady Falkner of Margravine, asked about the vital issue of network security. As she will know, the Telecommunications (Security) Bill being debated in the other place introduces a stronger security framework for all UK public telecom providers. It will ensure that providers design and manage their networks in a secure way. In response to her point about future-proofing the legislation, the Bill will introduce a new national security power to manage the risks posed by high-risk vendors in our telecom networks both now and into the future.
The noble Lord, Lord Clement-Jones, asked about the universal service obligation. We will keep the speed and quality parameters of the USO under review to make sure that it keeps pace with consumers' evolving needs.
I must offer an apology to the noble Lord, Lord Stevenson of Balmacara, if I was critical of any of his drafting skills, which will certainly be vastly superior to anything I could manage. I am genuine in saying that the Government are very grateful to him for raising important issues, including how we should tackle the matters that cut across different government departments and their different legislative responsibilities, which are so crucial.
The noble Lord also challenged the Government's ambition in this area. As he will know, by 2025, the Government are targeting a minimum of 85% of gigabit-capable coverage, but we will seek to accelerate rollout further to get as close to 100% as possible. That target is based on extensive engagement with the industry over the past year as well as the current industry rates of deployment and how those may be increased. We have also made a major investment of £5 billion in the UK gigabit programme, which has galvanised commercial build in the market.
In closing, I was reminded while listening to noble Lords of my low point on this Bill. It was when my own internet connection failed while we were all working remotely. I think it happened during the Committee stage and I was unable to use my video camera, so I have had a personal interest in this. I close by thanking again the Bill team, who have been enormously knowledgeable, professional and helpful in supporting me and, I know, a number of noble Lords through the passage of the Bill. I thank all noble Lords for their scrutiny, their challenge and the quality of the debate and I commend the Motions to the House.
Motions A and B agreed.
House adjourned at 4.36 pm.