text:
We start in 1965, and Tony Trischka was a teenage banjo whiz from Syracuse, playing the traditional bluegrass number "Nine Pound Hammer" at a competition in Virginia. "Right in the midst of it I put in some pseudo-Middle Eastern modal stuff," he says. "One of the judges was Ralph Stanley.
"Needless to say, I didn't do very well."
Decades later, the world of traditional banjo has gotten over it. Today, Trischka is at the top of the list, or sometimes right behind Béla Fleck, as the most-respected and innovative banjo strummer in the world.
How much can a banjoist — it's a real word, you can look it up — do with five strings?
In 1986, the modern composer and fellow banjoist Paul Elwood summoned Trischka to Kansas to play on a piece Elwood had written called "The Void Beneath the Coffee Table." A five-piece percussion ensemble accompanied by keyboards and harp. Trischka's assignment: Play the banjo with a bow. And also, play it like a slide guitarist might, except instead of gliding a cylinder along the neck, use a glass ashtray. "Totally atonal, bizarre, crazy, crazy stuff," Trischka says.
Trischka has not since set ashtray to strings, although he's confident he could once again summon the skill, if asked. Perhaps if someone brings an ashtray to his solo show Jan. 27 at Bernunzio Uptown Music. Just a suggestion.
Trischka grew up in a house where his parents' music was Pete Seeger, but also Broadway tunes and jazz, such as Fats Waller. The first time he picked up a banjo, inspired by a Kingston Trio recording, Trischka plucked out the melody to Beethoven's "Ode to Joy." That was 1963; he was 14 years old. "I heard it in my head and found the notes," he says. "Even from the very beginning I wasn't strictly bluegrass."
Now, at 68, he sometimes is, sometimes isn't. There was room for plenty in his formative years. "The Beatles, hipper stuff," Trischka says. "Hendrix, Zappa, jazz. The Mahavishnu Orchestra, Chick Corea. It all had time to ferment."
The result is an intoxicating blend of playing with folk icons such as Peter Rowan and helping to create music for an off-Broadway production of Driving Miss Daisy. Trischka's backed the gravelly, wheedling narration of the writer William Burroughs and accompanied The Violent Femmes. He's done the proper radio shows, A Prairie Home Companion and Mountain Stage. And recorded with the Bill Monroe and Ralph Stanley, the two men Trischka calls "the epicenter of bluegrass."
Trischka passes on this vast experience as a Yoda of the banjo. His many instructional books and videos are the stone tablets handed down from his home in Fair Lawn, New Jersey. Mostly amateurs. He did have one 16-year-old kid come to him for lessons, but, "Within a few months, it was obvious this guy didn't need lessons anymore."
Yeah, Béla Fleck. That's OK. Trischka's hardly out of work. In 2007, he recruited a handful of notable banjo players — Earl Scruggs, Béla Fleck, Tony Rice — for Double Banjo Bluegrass Spectacular, an album that revived the old double-banjo tradition. It was nominated for a Grammy.
A few years later, one of the musicians on Double Banjo Bluegrass Spectacular asked Trischka to do some pre-production work on his next album. The guy had once been a comedian who played banjo while wearing an arrow through his head. Trischka wasn't fooled. "I'd seen a video of him playing at some big function, and he was very serious," Trischka says. "It was this very beautiful song, but people started chuckling and laughing. Because it's Steve Martin."
Steve Martin leads a bluegrass hootenanny
Trischka went on to produce Martin's second album as well. They lined up some guests for Rare Bird Alert — Paul McCartney, the Dixie Chicks and the Steep Canyon Rangers — and it was nominated for a Grammy.
That's the crowd that Trischka runs with. And of course, there is a Bob Dylan story. In 1963, the country was just starting to catch wind of Dylan. Trischka's banjo teacher had a copy of Dylan's first album, and it was autographed. His teacher knew Bob Dylan!
"He took me to a concert, and we got backstage," Trischka says. "I remember shaking his hand; he had really long fingernails. He invited us to his hotel across the street. Just me, my teacher and his wife. Dylan asked me, 'Would you like something to drink?' And he went down the hall and got me a Coke.
"He was very sweet. This was before he got too famous. But that's my Dylan story. He got me a Coke."
And now? Trischka asked one of Dylan's band members whether he could see Dylan after a show in Binghamton. "He just said, 'Yeah, ahh, Bob doesn't do that.' He stays to himself. Even when you're connected, you don't see him."
Get your own Coke, kid. But Trischka confesses he's remained a huge fan. "I know almost every song he ever did," Trischka says. "I have virtually every album." Out of this came one of his latest musical ventures: Trischka's Bob Dylan tribute band, Early Roman Kings, named for one of Dylan's songs. The bassist, Jared Engel, is from Rochester. It is a rare moment away from the banjo, with Trischka playing pedal steel guitar. "I literally had not played it in 35 years," he says. "I took it out of mothballs."
Garner: Dylan worthy of Nobel Prize
Trischka's newest work is an album he calls the Civil War Project, which he plans to release this year. "It's something I've been working at the last seven, eight years," he says. "It's two-thirds of the way done." And, something he hasn't done much of, he's writing lyrics for it. "The world really doesn't need another banjo instrumental," he says. Maybe jokingly.
The Civil War Project uses Jimmie Rodgers' songs as a template, and weaves in stories of a train robbery, a woman who emigrated from Ireland to escape the Irish potato famine of 1848, meeting a riverboat gambler who becomes a soldier in the Civil War.
During the course of writing, Trischka visited a graveyard for slaves outsideAshville, North Carolina, and heard the story of a slave named George Avery. "He was a gravedigger at the plantation. He buried the dead in wicker baskets and put stones without inscriptions over them," Trischka says. "So it's just a field of rocks. It was so intense."
Further studies revealed that while there were no black regiments at the Battle of Gettysburg, there was a black man who picked up a gun to fight for the Union army. Through Trischka's artistic license, that man becomes Avery.
The music includes banjo, of course, and "an eight-piece brass band in the style of the Civil War," Trischka says. "And some spoken word from that time."
This sounds like a banjo concept album. "It's pretty much a concept album," Trischka agrees. "But I don't want it to sound pretentious."
So with all of this exploration of new banjo worlds, can Trischka still find satisfaction in just picking?
"Totally. I do it every day," he says. Some of that is due to his online banjo school, where students submit internet videos of their playing and he responds. The students tend to stick to the banjo basics. "It keeps me grounded," he says.
Indeed, no matter how far a banjo strays, the bluegrass community tends to stay on Appalachian grounds. The music creates profound moments all its own.
As with The Wayfaring Strangers, an all-star bluegrass ensemble featuring Trischka. Lots of guests have joined the band, and for its 2001 album Shifting Sands of Time it called on Ralph Stanley to sing on a track. The perfect opportunity for Trischka to remind the bluegrass legend of how he'd rejected the 18-year-old's pseudo-Middle Eastern take on "Nine Pound Hammer."
Trischka let it pass. His bruised teenage ego wasn't enough to ruin the moment. "We were recording 'Man of Constant Sorrow,'" Trischka says. "Hearing Ralph's voice inside my head, with the headphones on, singing that, was one of the most remarkable experiences of my life."
What: Tony Trischka.
When: 8 p.m. Jan. 27.
Where: Bernunzio Uptown Music, 122 East Ave.
Tickets: $18 advance, $20 at the door, $15 for students, available at counter@bernunzio.com, (585) 473-6140 or the store.


text:
Photo credit: JBareham
By Margaret Mulvihill
Donald J. Trump, Republican Party Presidential Nominee can be described in one hyphenated word. Un-American. Donald Trump is Un-American.
The hatred he has brought to the forefront of the presidential campaign of 2016 is without parallel. We can try to excuse Trump by saying that he is suffering from a mental illness, some people say maybe even multiple mental illnesses. We can try to excuse Trump as his surrogates are doing by saying that we should not listen to his words, the actual words that come out of his mouth, we should listen to the "real" message hidden in the words. What idiocy is this?
Let us accept the premise of mental illness. Many people in the United States of America suffer from mental illness and yet they love their country. While Trump most likely does suffer from several mental illnesses, that alone does not explain his hatred. This candidate, simply put, is a hateful person, who has deliberately, mentally ill or not, attempted to split the United States of America into two camps. Trump's two camps can be boiled down to the age-old racial stereotype of Black v. White. By using an existing, if healing split in American society, he shows himself for who he is. Trump the Un-American.
Do we want to elect as President of the United States of America, the presumptive Republican nominee Donald J. Trump, universally acknowledged sociopathic narcissist, and admirer of Vladimir Putin, President of the Russian Federation? When Trump's ties to Russia were first hinted at, few if any of us in the media had any inkling of just how deep and wide those ties were. When Trump dug deep to pull Paul Manafort out of political retirement, it was tauntingly easy to uncover the very real and overt links between the Donald Trump Campaign Chair and Vladimir Putin. Spread the net a little wider, and the truly ugly spectacle of Boris Epshteyn appears. Close advisor to the Trump Campaign and trusted Trump Surrogate.
Donald Trump, to be clear, is all about Donald Trump. Despite the best investigative journalism at the New York Times and the Washington Post, the real truth about Trump's close ties to Russia may not be uncovered in time to save our country. From what we do know, we can surmise that at best, Trump is owned by the Russian Federation. See the New York Times story "Secret Ledger in Ukraine Lists Cash for Donald Trump's Campaign Chief"
http://nyti.ms/2aMC41y and The Washington Post's "Inside Trump's financial ties to Russia and his unusual flattery of Vladimir Putin" http://wpo.st/UvCt1
As angry and crazy as he is, he has used the network and cable television stations as advertising for his message of hate. It is now rumored that should he fail to win the Presidency of the United States, he will join with the disgraced Roger Ailes in creating an Alt-Right news network. All about Trump, indeed. See this story from the Christian Science Monitor "Trump hands his campaign to the 'alt-right' movement" http://fw.to/86UH8ae
The upcoming election is a major cross-roads for this country. For our and this country's ongoing civil rights struggle. Your vote counts this year like never before. Use it, please.
Margaret Mulvihill is Director of Communications at Lawson Mulvihill Public Relations in Washington, DC. Follow her on Twitter: https://twitter.com/political_pr
Categories: politics, Public Relations
Tagged as: Barack Obama, Boris Epshteyn, Congress, Democratic, Donald Trump, Elections, Government, New York Times, Paul Manafort, Politics, Public Relations, Republican Party United States, United States, Washington

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Home Science Sponsored
Declassified government data reveals an interstellar object that exploded over Earth
By Joshua Hawkins
Published Apr 13th, 2022 4:15PM EDT
Image: Aliaksandr Marko/Adobe
Back in 2014, a fireball exploded in the skies over Papua New Guinea. At the time, scientists believed that the object was a small meteorite measuring around 1.5 feet across. It slammed into the Earth's atmosphere at more than 130,000 mph (roughly 210,000 km/h). Because the object's speed exceeded the average velocity of meteors found within our solar system, a group of scientists conducted a study on the object in 2019. They found that it was most likely the first interstellar object we had identified.
However, the group never published their paper in a peer-reviewed journal. Instead, it has been available in the preprint database arXiv since its publishing. The reasoning behind this delay is because the data needed to verify the study's position The team argued that the meteor's speed, as well as the trajectory that it traveled, proved that it had originated somewhere beyond our solar system.
Unfortunately, the scientists never had the paper reviewed by peers. That's because the U.S. government considered the data needed to verify the claims classified. At least, until now.
USSC scientists confirm discovery of our first interstellar object
The meteor that exploded in 2014 would have created a similar fiery effect in the sky. Image source: Mopic / Adobe
On April 6, 2022, Lt. Gen. John E. Shaw, the commander of the USSC, shared a memo on Twitter. The memo says that the analysis by the scientists in 2019 was "sufficiently accurate to confirm an interstellar trajectory." That makes it the first interstellar object that we've identified to date.
It's a huge step forward, and the confirmation retroactively makes the 2014 meteor even more important than it might have already been. In fact, it currently predates what we believed to be the first interstellar object, a comet named 'Oumuamua. In fact, it predates it by almost three years.
Of course, there's no telling what other kinds of interstellar objects are out there that we have yet to find. We still have a lot of space to explore, even inside our own solar system. As such, we could find other interstellar objects waiting to be discovered.
More from beyond our solar system
A photo taken by NASA's Hubble Space Telescope. Image source: ESA/Hubble & NASA, F. Pacaud, D. Coe
Of course, this isn't the only interstellar object we have discovered so far. As noted above, scientists previously discovered 'Oumuamua, a cigar-shaped object moving far too fast to have originated inside of our solar system. Unlike the meteor, though, 'Oumuamua was spotted far from Earth. And, NASA says it is already speeding away from our solar system.
Scientists believe 'Oumuamua is a comet because of how quickly it is moving, as well as how much it continued to accelerate on its own. However, because it is so far away from Earth, and moving outside of our solar system, it's impossible to know for sure.
Still, knowing that there are interstellar objects entering our solar system from beyond the edges of space as we know it is both terrifying and exhilarating. As scientists continue to explore space and search for alien life, there's no telling what we'll find as our spacecraft branch out into the more unknown parts of our universe.
Joshua Hawkins, Writer
Josh Hawkins has been writing for over a decade, covering science, gaming, and tech culture. He also is a top-rated product reviewer with experience in extensively researched product comparisons, headphones, and gaming devices. Whenever he isn't busy writing about tech or gadgets, he can usually be found enjoying a new world in a video game, or tinkering with something on his computer.
Joshua Hawkins's latest stories
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Ah exam period. This is probably the most stressed and busy I've been since A-levels. Probably something to do with how I have NINETY credits of modules this semester vs 30 credits last semester! My poor brain. I keep telling people to not give me any more facts because my brain cannot handle any more information. Luckily I've found the key to staying on track with revision is meal planning with my housemates and prepping breakfasts whenever possible but ESPECIALLY for exam days.
This is where overnight oats come in – my saviour. I can make them in a few minutes the night before my exams so that it's prepped and ready for me in the morning. That means that I'm less freaked out because I have more time to actually read through my notes in the morning as I shove oats into my mouth. Yeah that's right, I'm gloating about overnight oats – it's an OAT GLOAT.
Anywho I teamed up with Quaker Oats UK to bring this post to you – they provided the super cute jar I used for the oats which is now my designated overnight oat jar. It's got lil figs on the outside which was what inspired me to mix up my usual, plain overnight oats. If you're in the UK, you can claim one of these specially designed jars by buying one of the promotional 1kg box of Quaker Porridge Oats OR by entering the competition below where you can win 5x of the specially designed jars. Just follow the instructions in the rafflecopter box below to enter!
Soak the figs in hot water for at least 30 minutes until softened. Drain and blend until smooth, adding a bit of water as needed, to get a paste. Blend in the cinnamon and a pinch of salt - set aside.
In a bowl, mix the oats, milk and apple together. Set aside.
Layer a few teaspoons of the fig jam into a jar and top with the oat mixture. Cover and place in the fridge overnight. In the morning sprinkle with the hazelnut crunch (and some extra apple) just before you dig in!
I love pear and cardamom in my oats.
Lately I've been mixing up my oats with some cashew milk and a little ground ginger and then topping my bowl with stewed berries and sliced almonds. It is the perfect early spring breakfast. Can't wait to try your version!
I love simple cinnamon, and a touch of brown sugar.
Yum, how many would this serve?
Super Delicious! I love fig jam.
How do you shred your apples so beautifully?
A mandoline with the teeth medium attachment blade!
I love chucking in whatever I have in the cupboard but at the moment I love mixed fruit, almond butter and hazelnuts.
Right now, frozen blueberries (til fresh ones come into season), flax seeds, a ton of cinnamon, and a little vanilla.
I just love peanut butter and cacao oats with raisins and flaked almonds- tastes just like fruit and nut chocolate to me!
My favourite is overnight oats with almond milk, a little maple syrup and a blueberry chia jam.
Going to try this recipe out for tomorrow morning!
I am a fan of apple pie flavors/components in overnight oats… and chocolate!
My favorite overnight oats flavor is pretty simple- almonds and brown sugar and dried cranberries, reminds me of a kicked-up-a-notch oatmeal cookie.
I love oats with fruit shake lately. I just mix it and leave for the night. So good. Good luck with all the exams!
Raspberries and almonds for me!
Gostei da receita super prática e saudável para quem está fugindo das guloseimas no café da manhã.


text:
\section{Introduction}
Perovskite manganites with a composition of $R_{1-x}$$A_{x}$MnO$_{3}$ ($R$ stands for a rare-earth ion, $A$ an alkaline earth ion, $x$ the band filling) as illustrated in Fig.~1(a) exhibit a wide variety of ordered structures in spin, charge, and orbital degrees of freedom depending on the band filling and the band width~\cite{Tokura2006}. Various unique phenomena observed in these systems  originate from the strong correlation between these electron degrees of freedom. A well-known example for one of such phenomena is the colossal magnetoresistance, which occurs due to the phase transition between a charge-orbital-ordered antiferromagnetic insulating state and a double-exchange ferromagnetic metallic state induced by a magnetic field. The conduction electron in the ferromagnetic-metallic state has a nearly 100~\% spin polarization, and hence it is recognized as a representative half-metal~\cite{Park1998}. Another example is the multiferroicity which appears in Mott insulator phase at $x = 0$. In this phase, the spontaneous electric polarization is induced by a non-collinear spiral order of the local spins, leading to the emergence of the non-trivial electromagnetic responses, such as the large modulation of the magnetization by an electric field~\cite{Cheong2007,Tokura2010}.

\begin{figure}[b]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=8cm]{Fig1_modified.eps}
\caption{(a) A schematic of the crystal structure of perovskite manganite. (b) A schematic spin texture of a single skyrmionic bubble. (c) Stripe domain width in a ferromagnetic thin film as a function of $Q$ factor calculated using Eq.~1. The parameters we used for the calculation are described in the main text. The inset shows the evolution of the characteristic spin configuration with $Q$ factor; spins pointing lateral direction with large domain ($Q < 1$), twisted configuration ($Q\sim1$), and spins pointing perpendicular direction with large domain ($Q > 1$).}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

When a spin-polarized conduction electron passes through a non-collinear local spin order, non-trivial electromagnetic coupling emerges, as typified by the topological Hall effect (THE) observed in the compounds hosting magnetic skyrmion~\cite{Bruno2004,Binz2008}. This Hall effect originates from the Berry phase acquired by the conduction electron whose spin is aligned to the local spin by the Hund's-rule coupling. The half-metallic manganite is an attractive system to examine the THE because its magnitude is proportional to the spin polarization. The magnetic skyrmion is a particle-like object with a whirling spin texture as illustrated in Fig.~1(b). The exact definition of the magnetic skyrmion is a solitonic state stabilized by a competition between the exchange interaction enforcing a parallel spin alignment and the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) twisting the parallel spin alignment. Hence, it is observed in noncentrosymmetric magnets (chiral skyrmion)~\cite{Bogdanov1994,Resler2006,Muhlbauer2009,Yu2010}. Similar but slightly different particle-like magnetic texture is observed in centrosymmetric magnets known as the magnetic bubble which is stabilized by the magnetic dipolar interaction instead of DMI~\cite{Malozemoff,Hubert}. Although the chiral skyrmion and magnetic bubble are different in the magnetization profile in the core region~\cite{Kiselev2011}, their dynamical response and THE can be quantified by a common topological invariant called the skyrmion number ($N$), which is defined as a number of spheres wrapped by the constituent spins~\cite{Moutafis2009,Buttner2015,Nagaosa2013}. Hence, a magnetic bubble can be also regarded as a skyrmion in a broad sense, and is called `skyrmionic bubble'. Although the study on the skyrmionic bubble has a long history, it attracts recently a renewed interest , in particular, due to the richer skyrmion textures which are brought about by the underlying helicity degree of freedom~\cite{Nagaosa2013,Ezawa2010}.
Furthermore, the skyrmionic bubbles can form only in single-phase bulk
crystals~\cite{Nagai2012,Nagao2013,Yu2013,Morikawa2015,Kotani2016,Yu2012,Wang2016}, but also in thin film multilayers, sometimes in conjunction with DMI~\cite{Finazzi2013,Li2014,Jiang2015,Gilbert2015,Woo2016,Lee2016,Soumyanarayanan2016}. The wide variety of materials choice is a major advantage of the skyrmionic bubble from the application point of view.

Although there are several reports on the observation of skyrmionic bubbles in bulk crystals of
manganites~\cite{Nagai2012,Nagao2013,Yu2013,Morikawa2015,Kotani2016}, neither the control of the skyrmion size nor the observation of THE has been achieved yet. Thin film structure provides an excellent platform for such a study. The size of the skyrmionic bubble in a thin film crucially depends on the magnitude of the uniaxial magnetic anisotropy. The quality factor $Q = K_{\mathrm{u}}/\Omega$, where $K_{\mathrm{u}}$ is the uniaxial magnetic anisotropy energy and $\Omega=2\pi M_{\mathrm{s}}^{2}$ ($M_{\mathrm{s}}$ is saturation magnetization) is the dipolar interaction energy, is known to be a good measure of the domain size~\cite{Yafet1988,Vedmedenko2000}. The domain size can be formed only when $Q\geq1$, and the domain width ($L$) becomes  larger with $Q$ as shown in Fig.~1(c). $L$ is calculated based on the following analytical solution,
\begin{equation}
L=\frac{5nJ\pi^{2}}{6\Omega_{\mathrm{L}}}\frac{\exp\left(\sqrt{nJ\pi^{4}(Q-1)\Omega_{\mathrm{S}}/\Omega_{\mathrm{L}}^{2}}+1\right)}{\sqrt{nJ\pi^{4}(Q-1)\Omega_{\mathrm{S}}/\Omega_{\mathrm{L}}^{2}}+1},
\end{equation}
where the film has $n$ layers ($n=t/a$, $t$ is the film thickness and $a$ the lattice constant), $J$ the exchange interaction energy,  $\Omega_{\mathrm{L}}=2\pi(nM_{\mathrm{s}})^2$, and $\Omega_{\mathrm{S}}=2\pi nM_{\mathrm{s}}^2$~\cite{Wu2004,Won2005}. The $Q$ dependence of the domain width shown in Fig.~1(c) is estimated using  $J=$2.5~meV~\cite{Moussa2007}, $n$~=~75 ($t$~=~30~nm) and $M_{\mathrm{s}}$~=~2.5~$\mu_{\mathrm{B}}$/f.u.. In this study, we tune the $Q$ value in thin films of manganite by controlling $K_{\mathrm{u}}$ using both the single-ion anisotropy induced by Ru doping and the epitaxial strain. We find that large THE appears when the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and dipolar interaction are in keen competition.

\begin{figure}[htbp]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=8cm]{Fig2_modified.eps}
\caption{(a) Temperature dependence of the resistivity for La$_{0.7}$Sr$_{0.3}$Mn$_{1-y}$Ru$_{y}$O$_{3}$ films on LSAT(001) substrate with $y = 0$, 0.05, and 0.1. (b)(c)(d) Temperature dependence of the magnetization for the same samples measured in a magnetic field of 0.1~T applied parallel ($M_{\mathrm{in}}$) and perpendicular ($M_{z}$) to the film surface.}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

\section{Sample Preparation}
Thin films of La$_{0.7}$Sr$_{0.3}$Mn$_{1-y}$Ru$_{y}$O$_{3}$ (LSMRO) with a thickness of 30~nm were grown on (001) surface of (LaAlO$_{3}$)$_{0.3}$(SrAl$_{0.5}$Ta$_{0.5}$O$_{3}$)$_{0.7}$ (LSAT) substrates by a pulsed laser deposition technique. The Ru concentration $y$ was varied from 0 to 0.1. As reported in Ref.~\cite{Yamada2005}, a too high growth temperature ($T_{\mathrm{growth}}$) or a low oxygen pressure ($P_{\mathrm{O}_{2}}$) causes the deficiency of Ru. We optimized the growth condition  at $T_{\mathrm{growth}}$ = 720~$^{\circ}$C and $P_{\mathrm{O}_{2}}$ = 40~mTorr to obtain
thin films with a stoichiometric composition and an atomically flat surface. We verified by x-ray diffraction measurements that the films grown under the optimum condition have pseudomorphic structures with their $c$-axis being elongated due to the compressive strain imposed by LSAT substrate whose lattice constant is smaller than that of LSMRO~\cite{Sahu2000}.

\section{Magnetic and Transport Properties}
Figure~2 displays temperature dependence of the resistivity and magnetization for the films with $y$ = 0, 0.05, and 0.1. All films show a metallic behavior concomitant with the appearance of the ferromagnetic state, whereas the magnetic easy axis changes its direction. At $y$ = 0, the magnetic easy axis lies along the in-plane direction ($M_{\mathrm{in}}$). As increasing the Ru concentration, $M_{\mathrm{in}}$ decreases and alternatively out-of-plane component ($M_{z}$) increases. $M_{\mathrm{in}}$ and $M_{\mathrm{z}}$ are comparable at $y=0.05$, and  $M_{z}$ dominates $y=0.1$. The switching of the magnetic easy axis with Ru concentration is also apparent in the magnetic-field dependence of the magnetization shown in Figs.~3(a), (b), and (c).
We thus  that the film with $y=0.05$ is in a state of $Q\sim1$, the ideal condition for the generation of small skyrmions.
To confirm the effect of the epitaxial strain on the magnetic anisotropy, we fabricated a thin film with $y$ = 0.05 on a SrTiO$_{3}$ (STO) substrate to apply a tensile strain.
As shown in Fig.~4, the $M$-$H$ curve of the film grown on STO substrate indicates a robust in-plane magnetic anisotropy with a large coercive magnetic field, being consistent with the result in Ref.~\cite{Yamada2005}.

\begin{figure}[htbp]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=8cm]{Fig3_modified.eps}
\caption{(a)(b)(c) Magnetic-field ($H$) dependence of magnetization measured at a temperature of 100~K for La$_{0.7}$Sr$_{0.3}$Mn$_{1-y}$Ru$_{y}$O$_{3}$ (LSMRO) films grown on LSAT(001) substrates. $M_{\mathrm{in}}$ ($M_{z}$) denotes the magnetization measured by applying $H$ parallel (perpendicular) to the film surface. The spin texture expected from the magnetization curves at each Ru concentration is shown in the inset. (d)(e)(f) $H$ dependence of the Hall resistivity ($\rho_{yx}$) measured at 100~K. The inset of Fig.~3(g) is a picture of the Hall-bar device.}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

It has been known that the magnetic anisotropy in manganite films can be controlled by the epitaxial strain~\cite{Kwon1997,Wu1999,Dho2003}.  However, the realization of a perpendicularly magnetized state only by the epitaxial strain requires a sizable compressive strain imposed by a largely lattice-mismatched substrate. This, however, causes a partial strain relaxation and homogeneous magnetic state. Furthermore, it is difficult to realize continuous variation of the magnetic anisotropy due to the limited choice of the substrates. Therefore, there has been no report on the dense and small skyrmion formation in manganite films. Our results indicate that the combination of the compressive strain and Ru doping enables the perpendicularly magnetized state by a modest strain and a continuous control of the magnetic anisotropy by changing Ru concentration. The compressive biaxial epitaxial strain imposed by LSAT substrate lifts the $t_{\mathrm{2g}}$ orbital degeneracy of the doped Ru$^{4+}$ ion with $xy$ orbital being at the lowest energy. The restored orbital angular momentum in a heavy element Ru induces the large single-ion anisotropy necessary for the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy.

Figures~3(d)-(f) show the Hall resistivity ($\rho_{yx}$) of these films in Figs.~3(d)-(f). We used photolithography and ion-milling to pattern the films in Hall-bar shapes (inset of Fig.~3(d)). The $\rho_{yx}$ of the films with $y = 0$ and 0.1 are almost proportional to $M_{z}$. On the contrary, the film with $y$ = 0.05 shows a large contribution of an additional Hall signal in the small magnetic field region.  In conventional magnets, the ordinary Hall resistivity ($\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{O}}$) proportional to the magnetic field and the anomalous Hall resistivity ($\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{A}}$) proportional to $M_{z}$ contribute to $\rho_{yx}$. In compounds hosting non-zero spin chirality such as skyrmion, another contribution to $\rho_{yx}$ emerges, that is THE. Since the film with $y = 0.05$ is located near the critical point of $Q = 1$, the skyrmion density is expected to be enhanced compared to the other compositions. We thus consider that the additional Hall signal in this compound stems from THE.

\begin{figure}[htbp]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=8cm]{Fig4_modified.eps}
\caption{(a) Magnetic-field dependence of the magnetization of LSMRO($y = 0.05$)/STO(001) film measured at 100~K. (b) Magnetic-field dependence of the Hall resistivity for the same film measured at 100~K.}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[bp]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=8cm]{Fig5_modified.eps}
\caption{(a) $H$ dependence of $\rho_{yx}$, ordinary Hall resistivity ($\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{O}}$), and $M_{z}$ for LSMRO film with $y$ = 0.05 at 100~K. $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{O}}$ was derived by linear fitting of $\rho_{yx}$-$H$ curve above 1~T of magnetic field. The scale of the vertical axis for $\rho_{yx}$ (left axis) and that for $M_{z}$ is adjusted so that they overlap at 0.5~T. (b) Temperature evolution of topological Hall resistivity ($\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{T}}$) versus $H$. (c) Temperature dependence of $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{T}}$ and $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{A}}$ (left axis) and $M_{\mathrm{in}}$ and $M_{z}$. (right axis). $M_{\mathrm{in}}$ and $M_{z}$ are measured at a magnetic field of 0.1~T. (d) Temperature dependence of $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{T}}$ and $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{O}}$ at $H$ = 1~T as well as the effective field ($B_{\mathrm{eff}}$) which is derived by $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{T}}/\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{O}}$($H$ = 1~T). The relation between $B_{\mathrm{eff}}$ and effective skyrmion diameter ($d_{\mathrm{eff}}$) is shown for several representative values of $d_{\mathrm{eff}}$. }
\end{center}
\end{figure}

Figure~5(a) shows $H$-dependence of $\rho_{yx}$, $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{O}}$, and $M_{z}$ for the film with $y=0.05$ at 100~K. $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{O}}$ was derived from the linear fitting of $\rho_{yx}$ measured at magnetic fields above 1~T where $\rho_{yx}$ shows a linear dependence on $H$. The contribution of $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{A}}$ is derived by fitting $\rho_{yx}-\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{O}}$ with $\alpha M_{z}$ ($\alpha$ is a constant) in $H$ outside of the hysteresis. The topological Hall resistivity ($\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{T}}$) was derived by subtracting $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{O}}$ and $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{A}}$ from the total $\rho_{yx}$, \textit{i.e.}, $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{T}} = \rho_{yx}-\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{O}}-\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{A}}$~\cite{Lee2009,Neubauer2009,Kanazawa2011,Huang2012,Porter2014,Yokouchi2014}. The derivation of $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{T}}$ was carried out by the same procedure at other temperatures, and $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{T}}$ traces are shown in Fig.~5(b). Figure~5(c) plots the peak value of $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{T}}$ as well as $M_{\mathrm{in}}$, $M_{z}$, and $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{A}}$ as a function of temperature. $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{A}}$ appears at the ferromagnetic transition temperature ($T_{\mathrm{C}}=280$~K) and monotonously decreases with lowering temperature. By contrast, $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{T}}$ appears at 200~K which is apparently lower than $T_{\mathrm{C}}$, and has a peak at 150~K. The temperature dependence of $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{T}}$ is related to the variation of the magnetic anisotropy. The temperature dependence of the magnetization indicates that $M_{\mathrm{in}}$ and $M_{z}$ becomes comparable at around 150~K, and $M_{\mathrm{in}}$ ($M_{z}$) dominates above (below) this temperature. Above 150~K, $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{T}}$ is absent because the magnetic easy axis lies in-plane ($Q < 1$) and the skyrmion is not formed. As the system approaches the spin reorientation temperature, $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{T}}$ appears and reaches the maximum when $Q\sim1$ state is realized. At this point, the skyrmion density is expected to be largest. At lower temperatures, the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy is further enhanced, which causes the increase of $Q$, leading to the reduction of the skyrmion density and accordingly the magnitude of $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{T}}$.

Additional evidence for the skyrmion formation in the film with $y=0.05$ is found in the dependence of the THE on the magnetic field direction~\cite{Yokouchi2014}. Figure~6(a) shows that THE vanishes with increasing the tilt angle of the magnetic field ($\theta$), whereas the anomalous Hall effect remains almost constant. The reduction of $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{T}}$ under inclined field is defined by $\Delta\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{T}}(\theta)=\rho_{yx}(\theta)-\rho_{yx}(\theta=30^{\circ})$, and $\Delta\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{T}}(\theta)/\Delta\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{T}}(\theta=0^{\circ})$ is plotted as a function of $\theta$ in Fig.~6(b). $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{T}}$ reduces gradually, but it rapidly drops at around $\theta = 5^{\circ}\sim10^{\circ}$.
The skyrmion diameter ($d$) is estimated as $d=t/\sin\theta_{\mathrm{s}}$ ($\theta_{\mathrm{s}}$ is the angle where THE disappears and $t$ is the film thickness)~\cite{Ohuchi2015}. The top axis of Fig.~6(b) shows the scale of $t/\sin\theta$. It indicates that the typical value of $d$ is about 200-300~nm.

\begin{figure}[tbp]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=8cm]{Fig6_modified.eps}
\caption{(a) $\rho_{yx}$-$H$ curves for LSMRO ($y = 0.05$) film at 100~K measured in magnetic fields with various inclination angle ($\theta$). Data are plotted as a function of the perpendicular component of magnetic field ($\mu_{0}H\cos\theta$). The inset depicts the relation between $\theta$ and $H$. (b) The reduction of the $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{T}}$ under inclined field is defined by $\Delta\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{T}}(\theta) = \rho_{yx}(\theta)-\rho_{yx}(\theta=30^{\circ})$, and $\Delta\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{T}}(\theta)/\Delta\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{T}}(\theta=0^{\circ})$ is plotted as a function of $\theta$. The top axis shows a scale of $t/\sin\theta$ ($t$ = 40~nm).}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

The size of skyrmion can be also estimated from the magnitude of THE. A single skyrmion gives an effective field of the magnetic flux quantum $\Phi_{0}=h/e$ to a conduction electron, where $h$ is the Planck's constant and $e$ is the elementary charge. Therefore, $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{T}}$ and the skyrmion density $\Phi$ is related as $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{T}}=PR_{0}\Phi_{0}\Phi$~\cite{Neubauer2009}, where $R_{0}$ is the ordinary Hall coefficient and $P$ is the spin polarization. $P\sim 1$ in the metallic state of the perovskite manganites~\cite{Park1998}. We derive the effective field ($B_{\mathrm{eff}}\Phi_{0}\Phi$) by comparing the temperature dependence of $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{T}}$ and $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{O}}$ shown in Fig.~5(d).
The density of skyrmion estimated from $B_{\mathrm{eff}}$ is about 2000~$\mu\mathrm{m}^{-2}$ at 100~K (1300~$\mu\mathrm{m}^{-2}$ at 10~K), which means that the effective diameter of skyrmion ($d_{\mathrm{eff}}$) is 24~nm (30~nm) assuming a close-packed hexagonal lattice. This value is several times smaller than that estimated from the angle dependence of THE. We shall discuss the possible origins of this discrepancy later.

\begin{figure*}[htbp]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=13cm]{Fig7_modified.eps}
\caption{(a) $M_{z}$-$H$  and (b)  $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{T}}$-$H$ curves for LSMRO($y = 0.05$) film measured at 10~K. Data points shown in red indicate the scan direction traced during the real-space observations. The green dots are data points at which real-space magnetic domain images shown in Figs. 7(c) are recorded. (c) Magnetic-force microscope (MFM) images taken at 10~K and (d) Lorentz transmission microscope (L-TEM) images taken at 100~K at various magnetic fields; $\mu_{0}H$ = 0~T (7(c)-1 and 7(d)-1), 50~mT (7(c)-2 and 7(d)-2), 70~mT (7(c)-3 and 7(d)-3), and 300~mT (7(c)-4 and 7(d)-4). (e)-(g) Result of the transport-of-intensity equation (TIE) analyses for L-TEM images. Figures~7(e), 7(f) are TIE analyses for domain-a, domain-b denoted in Fig.~7(d)-3, respectively. The domain-a is a single skyrmion with skyrmion number $N = 1$ and the domain-b is a biskyrmion with $N = 2$. Figure~7(g) is a L-TEM image taken at different area of the sample. Figure~7(h) is TIE analysis for domain-c denoted in Fig.~7(g), which indicates a chain of 4 skyrmions.}
\end{center}
\end{figure*}

\section{Real-Space Observations}
We now describe the real-space observation of spin textures using magnetic-force microscopy (MFM) and Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (L-TEM). These two techniques offer complementary information on the spin texture; MFM is sensitive to the out-of-plane magnetization component, whereas L-TEM can detect the in-plane component~\cite{Yu2010,Milde2013,Soumyanarayanan2016}.
MFM observation was performed using an Attocube low-temperature atomic-force platform (AttoAFMI). During the scan, we detected the resonant frequency shift of the cantilever, which originates from the interaction between the magnetization of the tip and stray magnetic field from the film. The frequency shift is proportional to the second derivative of the local magnetic field with respect to $z$ direction. We employed a Nanosensors PPP-MFMR cantilever. The magnetization direction of the tip was defined by applying $-$5~T in $z$ direction at 10~K. Then, magnetic field was turned back to zero and MFM images were recorded at positive magnetic fields. We did not observe the magnetization reversal of the tip up to +300~mT. The excitation amplitude of the cantilever was 5~ nm. Before the MFM observation, we recorded the surface topography and stored the tilt of the sample. Then, the MFM images were taken under constant height (100~nm) mode. It was not necessary to correct the MFM data by the topography signal because the sample is atomically flat.

Figures~7(c) show the MFM images taken at four representative magnetic fields. The corresponding $H$ dependence of $M_{z}$ and $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{T}}$ are shown in Figs.~7(a) and 7(b). More detailed $H$ dependence of MFM image is displayed in Fig.~8. The MFM image at zero field shows a stripe domain (Fig.~7(c)-1). By applying a w, modulation patterns appear inside of the stripe domain as seen in the image at 50~mT (Fig.~7(c)-2). They are pinched off and become discrete domains as seen in the image at 70~mT (Fig.~7(c)-3). Near this magnetic field, $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{T}}$  reaches its maximum value. The domain structure finally disappears when $H$ exceeds the field value necessary to saturate $M_{z}$ as seen in the image at 300~mT (Fig.~7(c)-4), and accordingly, $\rho_{yx}^{\mathrm{T}}$ vanishes.

\begin{figure}[tbp]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=6.5cm]{Fig8_modified.eps}
\caption{Magnetic-field dependence of MFM images for the LSMRO($y = 0.05$)/LSAT(001) film taken at 10~K. }
\end{center}
\end{figure}

To clarify a possible existence of the periodic structure in the skyrmion phase as well as the stripe phase, the autocorrelation function analysis was performed for the MFM image at 70~mT as displayed in Fig.~9. Average distance between the adjacent skyrmions derived from the autocorrelation function is 300~nm (390~nm) along the red (blue) line (Fig.~9(c)). The skyrmion diameter estimated from the MFM image spread between 90 and 200~nm, and the average size is about 150~nm.

L-TEM observation was performed at the Lorentz TEM mode of a conventional transmission electron microscope (JEM-2100F (JEOL)).
The sample for L-TEM observation was prepared by thinning the substrate of the film.
The substrate was firstly thinned by mechanical polishing, and then, a part of the substrate was further thinned by Ar ion milling at a low temperature.
Since the compressive epitaxial strain from LSAT substrate is important to induce the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, the ion milling was stopped leaving the substrate thickness of about 200~nm. The magnetic field was controlled by changing the objective lens current. The magnetization textures were obtained by analyzing defocused L-TEM images with a software Qpt based on transport-of-intensity-equation (TIE)~\cite{Ishizuka2005}.

The L-TEM images shown in Figs.~7(d) exhibit a similar evolution of the domain structure in the magnetic field as observed with MFM; stripe domain at zero field, isolated circular domain at 70~mT, and single domain state at 300~mT. The typical diameter of the isolated domain is about 100~nm. The size and density of magnetic textures observed by L-TEM are slightly different from those observed by MFM, probably caused by the partial strain relaxation in L-TEM sample which arose during the thinning process of the substrate. Another reason can be a different measurement temperature. The TIE analysis for a discrete domain denoted by domain-a in Fig.~7(d)-3 indicates that at the center the magnetic moments are pointing normal to the film surface and the outside moments have a swirling structure (Fig.~7(e)). This is a characteristic spin texture of the skyrmion with a skyrmion number $N = 1$. Furthermore, the TIE analysis for another discrete domain denoted by domain-b reveals a bound state of two skyrmions with opposite helicities, namely the biskyrmion state (Fig.~7(f))~\cite{Yu2013,Wang2016}, which has $N = 2$ and therefore contributes doubly to the THE. We also found a domain in which four skyrmions are bound and possibly characterized by $N = 4$ as shown in Figs.~7(g) and 7(h).

\begin{figure}[tbp]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=7cm]{Fig9_modified.eps}
\caption{(a) MFM images for the  LSMRO($y = 0.05$)/LSAT(001) film taken at three different magnetic fields. (b) Two-dimensional autocorrelation function for the MFM images shown in Fig.~9(a). (c) Line profiles of the autocorrelation function along the lines in Fig.~9(b).}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

The diameter of skyrmion ($d$) observed by MFM and L-TEM is in the range of 100-200~nm, which is consistent with that estimated from the magnetic-field angle dependence of the THE, but $d_{\mathrm{eff}}$ estimated from the magnitude of THE is much smaller and is in the range of 20-30~nm. The fact of such discrepancy in skyrmion size indicates that THE is enhanced by several times by some reason. One apparent reason is the existence of skyrmions having multiple topological charges as revealed by the L-TEM images. Another possible reason is the THE in the momentum space as observed in frustrated and disordered ferromagnets~\cite{Taguchi2001,Lyanda-Geller2001}. In the latter case, Hall effect is usually observed only near $T_{\mathrm{C}}$ in perovskite manganites associated with thermally-driven hedgehog spin configuration~\cite{Lyanda-Geller2001}. In our film with $Q\sim1$, the solid angle of the nearest-neighbor local moments can remain finite even at low temperatures due to a keen competition between the exchange and the dipolar interactions, which may induce the non-trivial Hall effect.

\section{Conclusions}
In conclusion, we controlled the magnetic anisotropy in thin films of a half-metallic perovskite manganite.
We found the emergence of large THE in the film with the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy being balanced with the magnetic dipolar interaction. MFM and L-TEM observations revealed the existence of a few hundreds nanometer sized skyrmion bubbles in the film.
We find several times enhancement in the magnitude of THE compared with that expected from real-space observations,
indicating a possibility of other mechanisms to enhance THE in perovskite manganites.

\begin{acknowledgments}
We appreciate D. Shindo (Tohoku Univ. and RIKEN), T. Akashi (Hitachi Ltd.), and T. Tanigaki (Hitachi Ltd.) for their supporting in L-TEM observation. We also appreciate W. Koshibae (RIKEN) for fruitful discussions and D. Maryenko (RIKEN) for critical reading of our manuscript.  This work was partially supported by PRESTO JST (JPMJPR16R5).
\end{acknowledgments}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Calvin Simon, Founding Member of Parliament-Funkadelic, Dies at 79 [Photos]
January 10, 2022 7:32 AM PST
Calvin Simon, a founding member of the pioneering funk music group Parliament-Funkadelic, died at age 79. A cause of death was not immediately available.
A post from Simon's official Facebook page confirmed the news on Saturday (Jan. 8), though the cause of his death has not been revealed.
"[Thanks] everyone for the wonderful memories," the statement read. "We will so miss you Calvin… but love the thought that heaven just got a bit funkier."
Simon's former Parliament-Funkadelic bandmates also shared the sad news, including George Clinton and Bootsy Collins.
"Rest in peace to my P-Funk brother Mr. Calvin Simon," Clinton wrote in a Facebook post. "Longtime Parliament-Funkadelic vocalist. Fly on Calvin!"
"We lost another original member of Parliament/Funkadelic," Collins said on Instagram. "A friend, bandmate & a cool classic guy, Mr. Calvin Simon was a former member of Parliament/Funkadelic. He's in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, inducted in 1997 with fifteen members of P-Funk!"
Born in Beckley, West Virginia in 1942; Simon began singing in a church choir for a weekly radio broadcast. When he was 13 years old, his family moved to New Jersey where he found work as a barber. There, he befriended Clinton, Grady Thomas, Ray Davis and Fuzzy Haskins and together they formed the Parliaments as a doo-wop quintet.
Simon appeared on several of the pioneering group's albums, such as Mothership Connection and Funkentelechy vs. the Placebo Syndrome, as well as Funkadelic's Maggot Brain and Cosmic Slop.
Simon, Haskins and Thomas left the band over financial and management disputes in 1978 and went on to form Funkadelic, which released the album Connections & Disconnections. Years later; Simon, Haskins, Thomas and Davis formed Original P, releasing 1998's What Dat Shakin' and 2001's Original P Introducing the Westbound Souljaz.
In 1997, Simon and several of his former Parliament-Funkadelic bandmates were inducted into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame. He also enjoyed a solo career in gospel music and dropped his debut album Share the News in 2004.
See Collins' and Clinton's posts below. Rest In Peace.
A post shared by William "Bootsy" Collins (@bootsy_collins)
Tags:Calvin SimonParliament-Funkadelic


An edited version of this article first appeared in the October, 1994 issue of Canadian Lawyer. If you wish to reproduce this article, click here for copyright info.
Although I don't practise criminal law, I recently found myself waiting in a courtroom during a sentencing. The accused was a young man of perhaps 20, who had rather imprudently sold six grams of cannabis resin to a police officer, pocketing the grand sum of about $100. He pleaded guilty, and the crown and defence lawyers debated over whether he should spend 45 days in jail, or only 30.
The judge remarked matter-of-factly that the accused had already spent quite a bit of time in jail for one so young, and gave him 30 days.
The convicted man appeared equally nonchalant about the proceedings. He didn't look surly or rebellious. On the other hand, he didn't look contrite or penitent either. There was little doubt in my mind that this brief courtroom episode did not spell the end of his career in the cannabis trade. In fact, it seemed likely that he would continue to do business right within the jailhouse walls. A recent study found that 13 percent of the inmates in federal prisons have illegal drugs in their veins.
For the millionth time, I wondered just what this country is trying to accomplish with its drug laws. Why had we wasted everyone's time on that courtroom charade? Why do taxpayers have to pay for policemen, judges, crown counsel, prison guards and probation officers, all to accomplish precisely nothing?
Apparently, even the close scrutiny and regimentation of prison life is not sufficiently intrusive to stem the flow of mind-altering drugs to those who enjoy altering their minds. Even if we were prepared to transform the country into one gigantic jail, there's no guarantee we'd be any more successful at stamping out drug use than our existing jails have been.
The Economist magazine estimates that the U.S. has spent over $100 billion on the drug war since 1980, yet indicators such as student surveys and hospital emergency-room admissions show no significant impact on drug experimentation or abuse.
It's not just the waste of money that's objectionable. The war on drugs is creating many other harmful consequences for North American society. Canada is following the U.S. into one legislated nightmare after another, and will soon start to pay the same social price. It is time to identify those costs and weigh them against the questionable benefits of our policy of prohibition.
Perhaps the person who coined the phrase "the war on drugs" thought of it as just a catchy figure of speech. For the people involved in the drug trade, however, the resemblance to war is more real than metaphorical. Their incomes, their physical safety and indeed their very lives are endangered by the law. The war on drugs is actually a war against drug traders.
What would you expect any group of people to do if their government declared war on them? The faint of heart would quickly retire from the battle. The more ferocious ones would choose instead to defend themselves. And if the people who were warring with them had guns, as our police officers do, then it follows as day follows night that the combatants on the outlaw side of the war would have to arm themselves too.
Wars usually result in some civilian casualties. The war on drugs is no different. The innocent people who are caught in the crossfire between rival gangs (or between drug dealers and police), the children who can't play outdoors because their neighbourhoods are unsafe, the people who are mugged on the streets or whose homes are burglarized by punks looking for drug money--they are all victims not of the drug trade, but of the drug war.
There are other drugs, legal drugs--like alcohol, nicotine and caffeine--that are perhaps equally addictive and equally unhealthy, but no-one totes a gun around to safeguard a purchase of Taster's Choice. Maxwell House and Nescafe don't have shoot-'em-up turf wars. It is only when the law intervenes to prohibit the trade in such substances (as with alcohol during Prohibition), or to create territorial price differentials which reward smuggling (as with cigarettes in Canada earlier this year) that gunfire starts to become a familiar sound near trading zones.
The resemblance to real war goes further still. In the war on drugs, police have the same problem that American soldiers had in Vietnam. The enemy--drug traffickers--are visually indistinguishable from the rest of the population. They don't wear uniforms. The conflict becomes a guerilla war in which everyone is a suspect. The temptation for nervous cops to abuse their power must be strong. Racial minorities who complain that the police pick on them are probably not imagining it. The resulting racial tension is becoming palpable on the streets of our major cities.
There are worse horrors to come. The war on drugs has led inexorably to a war on guns. The anti-gun crusaders would like to disarm everyone except the military and the police. Of course, no-one expects the drug dealers to miraculously turn in their weapons. The law-abiding majority of the population, disarmed, will be sitting ducks, defenceless against violent criminals on the one hand and an ever more powerful police state on the other.
Canadians don't have to approve of drug use, but it's about time we just said no to the war on drugs.


text:
Infographic: Our 'Favorite' Characters in Game of Thrones
You may be surprised to discover who the most popular Game of Thrones characters are in the U.S., U.K., and more.
By Damon Poeter
https://www.pcmag.com/news/infographic-our-favorite-characters-in-game-of-thrones
HBO GO bugged out during the Game of Thrones Season 4 premiere on Sunday night, leaving many without their long-awaited fix of King's Landing intrigue and Slaver's Bay dragon japes.
Those who missed "Two Swords," the first installment of HBO's fourth, 10-episode GoT season can make up for lost time now that HBO's online service appears to be back up and running. Of course, viewers may not be so eager to rush back to HBO GO after being snarkily told to "send a raven" when service went down Sunday. Or better yet, to just sign up for cable TV like good little consumers.
Having trouble accessing @HBO GO? Send a raven. @GameOfThrones will be available soon on HBO On Demand with some cable providers.
— HBO GO (@HBOGO) April 7, 2014
In the meantime, we can learn a little bit more about the sword-and-sorcery series' global fandom, courtesy of Outbrain.
The content discovery service has recently been looking at its network of more than 100,000 publisher sites to try to figure out which Game of Thrones characters have the most fans, or at least generate the most fan interest, around the world.
"In total 5,104 stories about Game of Thrones were published to Outbrain's network in March 2014," an Outbrain spokesperson explained. "We pulled the total number of page views in each country—Australia, Spain, France, the U.K., the U.S., Germany, and Italy—during the month of March 2014 to use as benchmarks against page views of stories on Game of Thrones. We determined which pieces of content were related to the Game of Thrones series and characters by the title and the publish date, from March 1–31."
The result is "the ultimate guide to GOT popularity," according to Outbrain. You can see the firm's GoT character heat map below.
Game of Thrones Popularity Map/Credit: Outbrain
Some interesting tidbits turned up in Outbrain's research. For example, while the most stories were written about dragon lady Daenerys Targaryen during the sampled period in terms of volume, Cersei Lannister's stories received the most page views per article, making the incest-practicing, court schemer the most "popular" of all the main GoT characters by the Outbrain formula.
It also turns out that GoT fans are a lot more interested in villains than heroes, with about twice as many stories about the dastardly House Lannister published than written about House Stark. Viewers may have been outwardly shocked and saddened by the various terrible fates met by the Starks in recent seasons, but the press that serves them seems to have realized that bad guys get more clicks.
Meanwhile, in a bit of a shocker, it turns out that the odious King Joffrey Baratheon is the "favorite" Game of Thrones character in the United States. That seems likely to be the dictionary definition of a love-to-hate-him phenomenon rather than true admiration for the sociopathic boy king, who can't get his just desserts fast enough, if you ask most fans.
One character who doesn't appear to generate much interest from fans is Sansa Stark, whom Outbrain said was the least popular major GoT character among global fans.
Of the countries studied, Game of Thrones is most popular in the U.K., where stories about the HBO series garnered 13 times as many page views as they did in Italy, which is the country least interested in the show, per Outbrain.
For more, check out 8 Game of Thrones Parodies That Will Forever Ruin the Show for You. Also watch PCMag Live in the video below, which discusses the HBO GO fail.
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Here's What People Searched for the Most on Google in 2021
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About Damon Poeter
Damon Poeter got his start in journalism working for the English-language daily newspaper The Nation in Bangkok, Thailand. He covered everything from local news to sports and entertainment before settling on technology in the mid-2000s. Prior to joining PCMag, Damon worked at CRN and the Gilroy Dispatch. He has also written for the San Francisco Chronicle and Japan Times, among other newspapers and periodicals.
Read the latest from Damon Poeter
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Today, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency affirmed that automakers can and must make cars and trucks more efficient.
Today, as international negotiators discuss approaches to limit global warming at climate talks in Morocco, the United States announced a long-term goal for reducing pollution. The goal, and an accompanying plan for how to achieve it, would set the United States on a course to reduce global warming pollution at least 80 percent below 2005 levels by mid-century.
Environment California, a state-based environmental advocacy organization working for a cleaner, greener, and healthier California, announced its endorsement of ten Californians running for the 115th Congress.
Now we must turn our attention to delivering on the promise of this historic agreement. While this agreement was ratified way ahead of schedule, the impacts of global warming are upon us. There's no time to lose.


text:
Song of the Day: "Heaven Sent Delinquent" by Shawna Virago
Leave a Comment	/ Song of the Day / By ESBM / June 19, 2017 June 18, 2017
Today's song is "Heaven Sent Delinquent" by Shawna Virago. This San Francisco native is a singer-songwriter pioneering music space not only for her visionary talent but also her ability to be a voice for the transgender community.
At first listen I was taken by her genuine storylines and enticing melodies. She crafts a rocking folk that has a fly by the seat of her pants. She shows her punk rock edge with her rebellious lyrics dissecting her experiences appealing to those dealing with their own identity issues.
Her storytelling is raw and emotive you can feel her pain and triumphs as she navigates through society's cruel oppression and bigotry.
This is an artist that will appeal to fans of the Billy Bragg, John Doe, Jeffrey Lee Pierce, Leonard Cohen, and Nick Cave.
This is the title track off the recent album which dropped earlier this year.
Listen below and for more information on Shawna Virago check out the official website, Facebook, and Twitter pages


Fun and interesting, these shells are from Boca Grande Beach in Gasparilla, FL, the winter playground of the wealthy. The shells are very interesting as compared to SC shells. I love the texture and colors in them. Please choose shell style when ordering.


text:
Barnaby John Lenon  (born 10 May 1954) is a British schoolmaster who was headmaster of Harrow School until 2011. He is currently professor and dean of education at the University of Buckingham. He is chairman of the Independent Schools Council (ISC) and has been a governor of 23 state and independent schools and a board member of Ofqual. From 2011 to 2012 he was vice-president of the Royal Geographical Society. In 2012 he helped establish a Free School in east London, the London Academy of Excellence, and is now the chairman of governors. He is a trustee of the New Schools Network, Yellow Submarine (a charity which supports children and young adults with learning disabilities in Oxfordshire) and Vocal Futures (a charity which tries to introduce young people in London to classical music).

Education
Lenon, the son of a clergyman, was born in Chelsea in 1954 and was educated at Eltham College, an independent school in Eltham in south London, followed by Keble College, Oxford, where he read geography. He then went on to St John's College, Cambridge to train for a career in teaching and won the university prize for education.

Career
Lenon began his career with a year at Sherborne School in Dorset, then moved on to Eton College, an independent school in Berkshire, where he taught for twelve years. He was in the state sector for a short while at Holland Park School in west London. He became deputy headmaster of Highgate School and then headmaster of the Trinity School of John Whitgift in Croydon, south London. He was appointed as headmaster of Harrow in 1999 and during his tenure the school increased in both popularity and academic results. He was appointed Chairman of the Independent Schools Council in 2011 to oversee lobbying, research, the press and legal advice for the 1250 schools in ISC.

Lenon is often quoted in the media about his views, complaining of what he regards as the 'dumbing down' of educational standards since the demise of O-Levels, and in early 2010 was attacked by the then Schools Minister in the Labour Government, Vernon Coaker.

Media appearances and publications
Lenon has appeared in newspapers and on the television a number of times in the past decade, mostly speaking about educational reforms. He appeared in the ITV documentary series Harrow: The School on the Hill in May 2001, on BBC 1's Celebrity Masterchef programme in August 2010, and on the BBC 2 documentary programme Britain's Youngest Boarders in September 2010. He has also appeared on BBC 2's Newsnight programme.

Lenon has published a number of successful textbooks for schools including Techniques and Fieldwork in Geography (1983), London (1988), London in the 1990s (1993), The United Kingdom (1995), Fieldwork Techniques and Projects in Geography (1996),  Geography Fieldwork and Skills (2015).

In 2017 he published a review of the national education system Much Promise: successful schools in England

Honours and awards
In 2005 Tatler magazine awarded Lenon its Schools Award for Headmaster of the Year. He was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2019 Birthday Honours for services to education.

Personal life
Lenon married Penelope Anne Thain in 1983.   The couple have two daughters: India, born in 1989, and Flora, born in 1992.

References

Schoolteachers from Dorset
Living people
1957 births
Head Masters of Harrow School
People educated at Eltham College
Alumni of Keble College, Oxford
Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Teachers at Eton College

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
The 1961 season was the 56th season of competitive football in Norway.

Hovedserien

Group A

Group B

Championship final
June 16: Fredrikstad - Eik 2 - 0

Bronze final
June 14: Vålerengen - Lyn 6 - 4

Landsdelsserien

Group Østland/Søndre

Group Østland/Nordre

Group Sørland/Vestland, A

Group Sørland/Vestland, B

Group Sørland/Vestland, C

Group Møre

Group Trøndelag

Play-off Sørland/Vestland
Brann - Ulf 1-1
Ulf - Start 2-2
Start - Brann 1-3

Play-off Møre/Trøndelag
Langevåg - Steinkjer 3-3
Steinkjer - Langevåg 3-2 (agg. 6-5)

Steinkjer promoted

Relegation play-off
Våg- Vigør 0 - 5 (in Vennesla)

Våg relegated

Third division

District I
 1. Østsiden        	(Promoted)
 2. Tistedalen
 3. Hafslund
 4. Tune
 5. Sprint/Jeløy
 6. Navestad
 7. Gresvik
 8. Ørje

District II, group A
 1. Vestfossen      		(Play-off)
 2. Drafn
 3. Åssiden
 4. Sagene
 5. Røa
 6. Liull
 7. Fossekallen
 8. Spartacus

District II, group B
 1. Aurskog         		(Play-off)
 2. Drammens BK
 3. Kongsvinger
 4. Slemmestad
 5. Grue
 6. Strømsgodset
 7. Kjelsås
 8. Sterling

District III, group A (Oplandene)
 1. Hamarkameratene 	(Play-off)
 2. Kapp
 3. Hamar IL
 4. Lena
 5. Brumunddal
 6. Gjøvik SK
 7. Mesna
 8. Einastrand

District III, group B1 (Sør-Østerdal)
 1. Ytre Rendal     	(Play-off)
 2. Trysilgutten
 3. Elverum
 4. Nordre Trysil
 5. Koppang
 6. Nybergsund
 7. Innsats

District III, group B2 (Sør-Gudbrandsdal)
 1. Kvam            	(Play-off)
 2. Faaberg
 3. Fåvang
 4. Follebu
 5. Vinstra
 6. Sør-Fron 		(withdrew)

District III, group B3 (Nord-Gudbrandsdal)
 Lesja           (Play-off)

Table unknown.

District IV, group A (Vestfold)
 1. Runar           		(Play-off)
 2. Holmestrand
 3. Tønsberg Turn
 4. Falk
 5. Flint
 6. Tønsebergkam.
 7. Borre
 8. Teie

District IV, group B (Grenland)
 1. Skiens-Grane    		(Play-off)
 2. Urædd
 3. Herkules
 4. Borg
 5. Brevik
 6. Kragerø
 7. Gjerpen
 8. Langesund

District IV, group B (Øvre Telemark)
 1. Heddal          		(Play-off)
 2. Snøgg
 3. Drangedal
 4. Gvarv
 5. Rjukan
 6. Ulefoss

District V, group A1 (Aust-Agder)
 1. Grane (Arendal) 		(Play-off)
 2. Risør
 3. Rygene
 4. Dristug
 5. Arendals BK
 6. Mykland 			(withdrew)

District V, group A2 (Vest-Agder)
 1. Vigør           		(Play-off)
 2. Donn
 3. Mandalskam.
 4. Giv Akt
 5. Torridal
 6. Farsund

District V, group B1 (Rogaland)
 1. Buøy            		(Play-off)
 2. Nærbø
 3. Varhaug
 4. Hinna
 5. Ålgård
 6. Figgjo
 7. Riska

District V, group B2 (Rogaland)
 1. Randaberg       		(Play-off)
 2. Klepp
 3. Kopervik
 4. Sola
 5. Vaulen
 6. Torvastad
 7. Orre

District V, group C (Sunnhordland)
 1. Stord           		(Play-off)
 2. Odda
 3. Fonna
 4. Rubbestadnes
 5. Solid
 6. Tyssedal 			(withdrew)

District VI, group A (Bergen)
 1. Djerv           		(Play-off)
 2. Nymark
 3. Fjellkameratene
 4. Laksevåg
 5. Sandviken
 6. Hardy
 7. Bergens-Sparta

District VI, group B (Midthordland)
 1. Arna            		(Play-off)
 2. Erdal
 3. Voss
 4. Follese
 5. Kjøkkelvik
 6. Florvåg
 7. Osterøy

District VII, group A (Sunnmøre)
 1. Skarbøvik       		(Play-off)
 2. Velled./Ringen
 3. Rollon
 4. Aksla
 5. Ørsta
 6. Hovdebygda
 7. Volda
 8. Brattvåg

District VII, group B (Romsdal)
 1. Træff           		(Play-off)
 2. Åndalsnes
 3. Nord-Gossen
 4. Eidsvåg (Romsdal)
 5. Isfjorden
 6. Frode
 7. Eide

District VII, group C (Nordmøre)
 1. Clausenengen    		(Play-off)
 2. Dahle
 3. Todalen
 4. Sunndal
 5. Nordlandet
 6. Bøfjord
 7. Goma
 8. Tingvoll 			(withdrew)

District VIII, group A (Sør-Trøndelag)
 1. Troll           			(Play-off)
 2. Løkken
 3. Orkanger
 4. Svorkmo
 5. Leik
 6. Orkdal
 7. Melhus
 8. Støren 			(withdrew)

District VIII, group B (Trondheim og omegn)
 1. Ranheim         		(Play-off)
 2. Tryggkameratene
 3. Nidelv
 4. National
 5. Trond
 6. Vestbyen
 7. Wing
 8. Trondheims/Ørn

District VIII, group C (Fosen)
 1. Brekstad        		(Play-off)
 2. Fevåg
 3. Hasselvika
 4. Beian
 5. Opphaug
 6. Bjugn
 7. Stadsbygd 		(withdrew)

District VIII, group D (Nord-Trøndelag/Namdal)
 1. Verdal          		(Play-off)
 2. Neset
 3. Stjørdals/Blink
 4. Bangsund
 5. Namsos
 6. Snåsa
 7. Henning
 8. Malm

District IX
 1. Bodø/Glimt
 2. Mo
 3. Stålkameratene
 4. Brønnøysund
 5. Sandnessjøen
 6. Mosjøen

District X
 1. Mjølner
 2. Harstad
 3. Narvik/Nor
 4. Andenes
 5. Tromsø
 6. Lia-Brage

Play-off District II
Aurskog - Vestfossen 1-2
Vestfossen - Aurskog 1-3 (agg. 3-4)

Aurskog promoted.

Play-off District III
 1. Ytre Rendal    		(Play-off)
 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
 2. Kvam
 3. Lesja

Ytre Rendal - Hamarkameratene 0-1
Hamarkameratene - Ytre Rendal 4-1 (agg. 5-1)

Hamarkameratene promoted

Play-off District IV
Runar - Skiens-Grane 5-3
Heddal - Runar 1-1
Skiens-Grane - Heddal 0-3

Play-off District V
Vigør - Grane 3 - 1
Grane - Vigør 4 - 2 (agg. 5 - 5)
Grane - Vigør 3 - 1 (in Grimstad)

Grane (Arendal) promoted

Våg - Vigør 0 - 5 (in Vennesla)

Vigør promoted

Buøy - Randaberg 0 - 0
Randaberg - Buøy 4 - 0 (agg. 4 - 0)

Randaberg promoted

Buøy - Stord 5 - 0 (in Haugesund)

Buøy promoted

Championship District V
Grane - Randaberg (not played)

Play-off District VI
Arne - Djerv 1 - 1
Djerv - Arna 12 - 0 (agg. 13 - 1)

Djerv promoted

Play-off District VII
Træff - Clausenengen 0 - 9
Skarbøvik - Træff 3 - 0
Clausenengen - Skarbøvik 3 - 2

Play-off District VIII
Brekstad - Verdal 0-3
Ranheim - Troll 4-0
Troll - Brekstad 2-3
Verdal - Ranheim 2-1
Ranheim - Brekstad 5-1
Troll - Verdal 1-6

Norwegian Cup

Final

Northern Norwegian Cup

Final

European cups

Norwegian representatives
Fredrikstad (Champions Cup)

Champions Cup

Preliminary rounds
September 6: Standard Liege (Belgium) - Fredrikstad 2 - 1

September 20: Fredrikstad - Standard Liege 0 - 2 (agg. 4 - 1)

National team

Note: Norway's goals first
Explanation:
WCQ = 1962 World Cup Qualifier

Seasons in Norwegian football


Our President Jerry Libbin and Membership Director Wendy Unger will be on 5th Street and Ocean Drive (Beach side). Participating guests must be at this meeting point at 9:45 AM SHARP. Guests will need to fill out waivers at check-in to receive a parade wrist band. After you check in, you will be escorted to the float.
Float Participants will line up at 9:00 AM and the parade will begin at 11:11 a.m. sharp. Marchers will travel north on Ocean Drive into Lummus Park. There will be a ceremony in the park followed by a free picnic for all participants.
Please email julianycepeda@miamibeachfl.gov for a participation application or if you would like to be listed as a sponsor for food, school buses, supplies, etc please contact Alex Matos at 305.673.7575.


text:
Pakistan Idol Episode 1
Karachi, December 7th, 2013: The much awaited Pakistan Idol "Jo Hai Dil ki Awaaz" was aired on 6th December 2013. For the first time a different kind of music show was seen in the history of Pakistan Entertainment networks.
Pakistan Idol's first episode bought many positive comments and remarks from the viewers. Viewers who are already familiar with Idol formats found it exactly the same kind of show that they use to watch in other country channels.
Ever Since the show was been announced, there was something more than excitement which was found among the Pakistani Audience, but we think that team Idol's hard work proved that they can fulfill all the requirements for an Idol show and it can be seen as a super doper hit from the very first episode.
Pakistani talent was very much visible in the show. The beautiful voices and the amazing characters were an important part of entertainment and attraction in Pakistan Idol's Episode 1. Rafay and the little tiny Salman Khan were really entertaining and they gave their bests in the auditions, but at the end it's the Idol show and they have to fulfill the judge's requirements. Lahore had many female contestants who got positive remarks from judges. These girls stood neck to neck with boys and their passion and love for music is highly commendable.
The three legendary judges were also found at their best. Bushra Ansari commenting with her knowledge about music. The serious Ali Azmat who tackled every contestant and proved the Simon Cowell of Pakistan Idol. Hadiqa Kiyani went with her usual appeal , good looks and coming off as a softy spoken personality.
For Far the reviews and critics are 100 % in the favor of Idol show and Team Idol is all confident to break all the music show records with their Pakistan Idol.
Posted in: Pakistan Idol,Pakistan Idol Winner Email This BlogThis! Share to Twitter Share to Facebook


Praxair Surface Technologies (PST) received Pratt & Whitney's 2018 Supplier Sustainability Award.
PG Technologies, LLC, a Praxair Surface Technologies and GE Aviation joint venture, will soon exceed initial workforce projections in Ellisville, Mississippi – the recently relocated headquarters of PG Technologies.
Praxair, Inc. announced its surface technologies business would offer a limited number of in-kind grants to select North American universities involved in metal additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing.
PG Technologies, Pte Ltd, a Praxair Surface Technologies and GE Aviation joint venture, announced that it intends to add additional coating capacity in Singapore to meet the aviation industry's growing demand.
Praxair, Inc. and GE Aviation today opened a new facility for their PG Technologies business, which specializes in advanced coatings that enable jet engines to withstand higher temperatures and stresses.
Praxair, Inc. announced that it will be offering a limited number of in-kind grants to select North American universities through its surface technologies business.
The new program will offer instruction, career support and professional development opportunities to students training to become advanced manufacturing technologists.
Praxair, Inc. announced that its Praxair Surface Technologies (PST) subsidiary was awarded a long-term contract by leading aero engine manufacturer Rolls-Royce.


text:
Add / Edit Your School
Singapore International School, Vung Tau
Singapore International School Vung Tau provides two study pathways: the Integrated and the International Programme. The Integrated Programme is designed to meet the needs of its students, specifically, the Vietnamese children enrolled in Year 1 to Year 9.
Singapore International School in Vung Tau City
They successfully implemented this programme through education collaboration with their partner school, the Children Word Primary and Junior High School. With this, students enrolled in the Vietnamese education programme are given the chance to study the key learning areas of the International Curriculum.
On the other hand, the International Programme offers a strong academic curriculum to meet the needs of their foreign students. The children are able to complete their education via the combination of Singapore and International Curriculum.
The curriculum at this school is well balanced, and able to appeal to both local Vietnamese and foreign students from the pre-nursery class all the way up to Year 12. The school combines Western education standards with Eastern values, that is designed to craft creative and confident young learners.
Qualified And Well-trained Teachers
Singapore International School, Vung Tau boasts of highly qualified and well-trained teachers to bring a wide range of knowledge and experiences to the school campus while representing many English-speaking countries like Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Singapore, the United States, and the United Kingdom.
Their main goal is to build up creative and confident individuals, effective communicators, problem solvers, and socially responsible citizens in this modern world by focusing on harmonizing Eastern values and Western education. This well-rounded education from SIS is offered not only to Vietnamese but also to the students of different nationalities.
This international school and kindergarten is a part of the KinderWorld International Kindergarten and Singapore International School group of schools located throughout South East Asia and other parts of Asia. The Vung Tau campus is a purpose built international school that houses the newest in modern facilities, currently situated Dai An Residential Area in Vung Tau City, a coastal city across the bay from Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Science Laboratory
Dai An Residential, Ward 9, Vung, Vietnam
Cambridge International Examinations
Ba Ria City, Vung Tau, Vietnam
Listing Timezone : Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh
Pricing VND 167577000 - VND 429957000
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Could you be kind enough to make it clear what happens with this giveaway after one year.
I'm using Windows XP with IE browser version 8. Apowersoft programs require IE browser version 9 or above.
There is still confusion about the 1-year license.
After 1 year, no more free updates. Fine. Understood.
After 1 year, no more free support. Fine. Understood.
After 1 year, can I continue to use the software (with no further updates or support), or must I purchase a license in order to legally continue to use the software?


text:
In a sharp rebuke, JG Brown foundation asks whether UofL foundation funds were improperly diverted, threatens to cut off future gifts
By Jim Hopkins
Boulevard Publisher
The white-shoe world of philanthropy is usually collegial and rarely combative, which makes the $355 million James Graham Brown Foundation's public accusations yesterday against the University of Louisville Foundation so extraordinary.
The Brown foundation, which has given $72 million to the school over the past six decades, sent the broadside in a letter from Chairman and CEO R. Alex Rankin and President Mason Rummel, according to The Courier-Journal.
They expressed concern that "expenditures may have been made that were not exclusively for the charitable and educational purposes of the university," or were not consistent with UofL rules barring donors, members or trustees from personally profiting from the UofL foundation, according to the CJ's Andrew Wolfson.
Established in 1943, the Brown is second only to UofL's among the city's biggest philanthropic foundations based on asset size; UofL's has about $820 million. That gives the Brown and Rankin extra clout, and could spur other big donors to also threaten funding cutoffs. Rankin is well-connected in the city's power structure, sitting on the boards of Churchill Downs and Glenview Trust Co., where fellow directors have very strong UofL connections.
In their letter, Rankin and Rummel also said the Brown foundation is troubled the university hasn't honored open- records requests from the chairman of the university's board of trustees, Larry Benz, concerning UofL foundation accounting records, the CJ says.
Underscoring the gravity of their concerns, Rankin and Rummel threatened to cut off funding unless UofL hires a nationally recognized forensic accounting firm to review its finances. The specific request for a forensic accounting is striking because those are sometimes conducted when there are concerns about possible fraud, or when litigation is anticipated.
The letter was sent to Dr. Bob Hughes, chairman of the UofL foundation, and copied to Benz; acting university president Neville Pinto, and James Ramsey, who was forced to resign in July but remains as foundation president, according to the CJ. Hughes is also a trustee of the university itself. (WDRB has posted the letter with its story.)
Hughes said in an email the university and the foundation will address the Brown foundation's requests quickly. Some of them, including the audit, already were planned, he said.
But he said Benz's accounting request will be more difficult because it will require an estimated 800,000 pages of documents going back to 2010, and hiring extra employees, according to the CJ. "That is a tremendous waste of ULF resources, but it is what it is," Hughes said. "We will make every effort to comply and ensure our supporters and alumni that we are doing everything correctly."
Threat of broader fallout
Despite its name, the Brown foundation is not part of the Brown-Forman founding family's empire. Rather, it's named after the late real estate developer James Graham Brown, best known for building the upscale Brown Hotel and Brown Theater downtown. Born in Madison, Ind., Brown attended Indiana's Hanover College, moving to Louisville in 1903; he died here in 1969, at 88 years old.
His foundation's high-profile dispute could snowball if other donors follow it under CEO Rankin's lead.
UofL consistently ranks among the top beneficiaries of the Community Foundation of Louisville, one of the city's most generous. It gave $5 million to the school in its 2011-2014 tax years, the most recent ending June 30, 2015. That was out of a total $100 million in grants, according to its latest public IRS tax returns. Another big donor, the Humana Foundation, contributed $905,000 in 2014, its most recent tax return shows.
Rankin's perspective on UofL is noteworthy. He's a graduate of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, which means he wouldn't have the same built-in emotional attachment some UofL graduates could feel. At Glenview Trust, two fellow directors have strong ties to the school: Sandra Frazier, one of Gov. Matt Bevin's June appointees to the school's new board of trustees, and David A. Jones Sr., a 1954 UofL graduate who is one of the wealthiest and most influential of the school's alumni.
A bridge to wealth
One of Rankin's fellow Brown foundation trustees is Ulysses "Junior" L. Bridgeman, a 1975 UofL graduate who was the school's interim board chairman immediately after Bevin's reorganization. And Bridgeman and Rankin also serve together on Churchill Downs's board, further illustrating the overlap among the city's tight-knit power players.
Bridgeman, a former pro basketball player, built a portfolio of 240 Wendy's restaurants and 120 Chili's locations in 16 states, starting from scratch with just three Wendy's units. In April, he announced plans to sell all that for a newly established Coca-Cola bottling franchise he'll run with one of his sons, Justin Bridgeman.
Their deal covers Missouri, Illinois, Kansas and Nebraska, including the cities of St. Louis and Kansas City, and included an existing bottling plant in Lenexa, Kan.
Related: In Glenview Trust's board, a portrait of many lives enriched. Plus, Boulevard's Brown foundation profile page.
Please read my disclosures.
Filed under: Alex Rankin, Bob Hughes, Community Foundation of Louisville, David A. Jones Sr., Glenview Trust Co., Humana Foundation, James Graham Brown Foundation, James Ramsey, Larry Benz, Mason Rummel, Matt Bevin, Neville Pinto, Philanthropy, The A-list, Ulysses "Junior" L. Bridgeman, University of Louisville Foundation
It's in the bag: Follow Boulevard on Twitter
Pop quiz: Here are three of Louisville's most profitable exports. Quick, name a fourth
One thought on "In a sharp rebuke, JG Brown foundation asks whether UofL foundation funds were improperly diverted, threatens to cut off future gifts"
jimhopkins says:
At moments like this, Glenview Trust Co. starts to feel like Louisville's version of the Brits' East India Co. — not physically ruthless, to be sure, but wielding enormously disproportionate power.
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This is one of my own New Years Resolutions where every Wednesday I will share some LIFE UNSTUCK HACKS that I hope will increase your faith; inspire your journey and improve your life in some small way! Like every blog post I write, this is meant to be a gift to my readers. On Wonderful Wednesday I will share some of my own Life Unstuck ideas and leave the links for your shopping* ease!
I would love to hear your ideas in the comments!
I have been traveling a bit for the holidays and have just arrived home. The calendar has turned and we usher in another year: new beginnings, fresh opportunities, and endless possibilities.
Normally the week between Christmas and the New Year is the time I use for closing one year and opening another. I absolutely love this ritual and always find it filled with hope and fresh promises. For me, and I'll bet for you–it's a great time to evaluate what went right (or not) last year, consider the things I'd like to accomplish next year and plan for the possibilities and adventures of life. Of course, only God has the ULTIMATE plan but I can join Him by gathering my hopes and dreams and laying them out as He inspires me!
The mind of (woman) plans (her) way, But the LORD directs (her) steps.
Here are just a few of the planning tools that have inspired my planning process over the years. I have each one strategically ready in my office right now and am ready to get started.
A Vision Board! No need to be super crafty or creative. All you need is a cork board and a dream to pluck those ideas from your head and pin them to your heart (and the cork board). This planning tool is one that I have used many times before and encourage anyone to try it at least once. Both empowering and motivating, vision boarding breathes life into the dreams that, if ignored, go unrealized. Pinterest is a fabulous source of information and ideas. I LOVE Cork Tiles! I can make my board as big or small as I need to work with!
A One Year Calendar whiteboard! What I love about the whiteboard calendar is the "at a glance" aspect of it. I have lots of travel for speaking already on my 2018 calendar. I also jot family events and notes for myself, project deadlines and birthday reminders. It's a tangible way to set goals and stay focused. With so many to choose from on Amazon, you'll certainly be able to find one that fits your needs. Here is what I chose for this year.
She Plans – To Do List Planner! by Ashley Staum offers varying options for self-planning: Daily, Weekly, Monthly, Networking. I have used this pretty planner for the past 3 years. It sits open on my desk and is the perfect partner for our daily QUEST of listening to what God is drawing out of us and chasing down His plan and our dreams.
So, here we go 2018! I'm coming for you!!
A Month of Mondays: A Weekly Theme Drive Devotional for you to use, should you choose, as a prayer and Bible reading prompt all week long.
Wonderful Wednesday: A simple "UNSTUCK Life Hack" offering INSPIRATION for living your LIFE UNSTUCK! Peace with Your Past; Purpose in Your Present and Passion for Your Future!
FREE FRIDAY! A weekly giveaway for someone who has joined me during the week via comments.
It's on my calendar, how about yours?! Don't forget to leave your own new years planning ideas below!
*Just a note: On occasion, I share products, books, and events from my blog page. Those items are not always but sometimes might be linked to Amazon or other affiliate links that pay a royalty for sharing. This is not my primary purpose but I wanted you to know that it does occasionally occur. Thank you.
Previous Post: « Merry Christmas Friends!
Hi Pat…I am going to love taking a look at your "Wonderful Wednesday" blogs. Thank you for your planning tool suggestions. In light of my being a part of Passion Quest 2018…I want to try the Vision Board. I love what you said about the fact that it "breathes life into dreams that if ignored go unrealized." My dreams have been ignored and unrealized for far too long. I am excited to get that started and see what I come up with.
Eileen, I am excited to have you join me for PASSION QUEST!! I agree–THIS is your year!!
I like simple approaches. I really like things that I can see and follow over time. These are great ideas!
Don't you just LOVE those unexpected–FREE DAYS!


text:
Zeto
Contact Aswin Gunasekar
Website http://zeto-inc.com/
LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/in/aswingunasekar
Summary: Zeto is a medical technology startup transforming the way EEG (Electroencephalography) is done in hospitals. We are solving a problem that has remained unsolved since EEG was invented in 1924, i.e., an archaic, tedious approach that consumes time, requires a trained operator and puts the patient through a poor experience. Due to the scarcity of trained operators and this outdated process, EEG is unavailable in most hospitals, ERs and in many countries.
Zeto's Instant EEG Platform (zEEG) provides a zero-prep, wireless, dry electrode headset that can be used to perform a routine or urgent EEG anywhere without the need for a technician. Data is immediately streamed to a secure cloud platform that provides live display. zEEG also provides tools for analysis and optional remote interpretation by neurologists. So easy to use, zEEG will offer more functionality than currently available EEG systems, while improving the top line. Zeto is supported by the Epilepsy Foundation and has received strong interest from large hospital and physician customers alike. Democratizing EEG with such a seamless Data+AI platform opens significant opportunities for conditions such as Epilepsy, Stroke, Concussion, PTSD and Sleep disorders.
Need: Clinical EEG is just as arduous to do today as when it was first performed in 1924. A trained technician measures the head, marks electrode locations, abrades the skin, and applies paste and electrodes to the scalp, eventually tethering the patient to a box with wires. This procedure consumes time, requires technicians who need to be perpetually on call and puts the patients through a needlessly poor experience. The scarcity of technicians makes the problem worse, even unfeasible in many Hospitals, Emergency Rooms and other Outpatient settings. Essential features such as easy data sharing and remote interpretation remain unavailable.
Value: For hospitals and clinics worldwide, Zeto offers a turnkey solution for Routine EEG tests. Unlike competitors, Zeto provides lower cost and faster turn around time to clinics, extraordinary convenience to operators and a better experience to patients. Zeto makes EEG available to facilities that do not have access to trained EEG operators or neurologists. Zeto presents the new way of collecting brainwaves, extracting valuable information and treating neurological conditions better.
Wireless EEG for Fast Prep and Easy Use: Q&A with Aswin Gunasekar, CEO of Zeto
Zeto Inc. a medtech startup based in California, has developed a new EEG device that sits on the head like a bicycle helmet. The headset does not require gels or pastes to function, and can transmit data wirelessly.
Zeto Raises Series A Funding to Accelerate Commercialization Efforts of its Easy Use Electroencephalography (EEG) Headset and Software Platform
DateMar 10, 2020
The new capital will be used to accelerate commercialization of its lead product, the zEEG headset and software platform, and develop new products to expand its portfolio. zEEG is the first true dry electrode EEG headset to be approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for clinical use.
The Winner of The Top North American Wearable 2019 goes to Zeto
DateJun 28, 2019


text:
Q: Await inside if statement with Express.js Problem
I'm writing a simple Express app to practice on my Node.js and Docker skills and currently have the following server-side code:
// server.js
'use strict'
const fs = require('fs').promises
const express = require('express')
const bodyParser = require('body-parser')
const ejs = require('ejs')
const app = express()
const port = 80

app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({ extended: true }))

app.use('/assets', express.static('/srv/opt/Linux-Rocks/assets'))
app.use('/images', express.static('/srv/opt/Linux-Rocks/images'))

app.route(/^\/(register)?$/)
  .get(async (req, res) => {
    res.writeHead(200, { 'Content-Type': 'text/html' })
    res.write(await fs.readFile('/srv/opt/Linux-Rocks/index.html'))
    res.end()
  })
  // FIXME: This hangs the connection indefinitely, don't know why
  .post(async (req, res) => {
    if (typeof req.body['email'] !== 'string') {
      res.writeHead(200, { 'Content-Type': 'text/html' })
      let template = await fs.readFile('/srv/opt/Linux-Rocks/register.ejs', { encoding: 'utf8' })
      res.write(ejs.render(template, { title: 'TODO', description: 'TODO', contentBody: '
TODO
' }))
      res.end()
    } else {
      // TODO
    }
  })

app.get('/license', async (req, res) => {
  res.writeHead(200, { 'Content-Type': 'text/plain' })
  res.write(await fs.readFile('/srv/opt/Linux-Rocks/LICENSE'))
  res.end()
})

app.listen(port)

When I get the web server up and running (let's call it linux-rocks.com) and visit http://linux-rocks.com/ (or http://linux-rocks.com/register), the webpage loads immediately as expected. However, when I send a POST request to the same endpoint (/ / /register), regardless of whether or not I include the email field in the POST data, the connection hangs indefinitely. I've peered inside the (Docker container running the) web server by starting a shell session within and manually running npm start (which starts the server at server.js) but do not see any errors or warnings emitted after a POST request to either endpoint so the hanging connection is unlikely due to an error or promise rejection crashing the server.
What might be the problem in the POST handler within my server that's causing the hanging connection? I suspect it probably has something to do with my (incorrect) use of async/await within an if conditional.
What I tried
I spent at least an hour or two Googling for related tutorials and issues along the lines of "async/await with if statement in nodejs" but none of the search results quite seem to match the exact issue I'm facing, e.g. many async/await examples involving if statements I found usually have only one line in their bodies or have the await right before the if statement (and not inside).
To reproduce
My current project code with instructions on how to run the web server can be found on GitHub.

A: As some of the comments to my question have mentioned, the reason I was encountering the hang was because I triggered the else part of the branch with an empty email address (which appears as an empty string in the email field of the POST data). I thought I was triggering the if branch by changing the id of the HTML tag for the email field to something different (e.g. id="haha") before submitting the form, but then I just realized that I should be changing the name field instead (which I finally did, and managed to trigger the if branch with the expected results).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Francesc Gallart i Pastor, jurista i conseller segon de Barcelona durant el setge de Barcelona de 1706.
 Francesc Gallart i Monés (1880-1960), digestòleg català.


text:
Q: How to print many graphical objects in a loop? I have to print a lot of barcodes. How can I do it in a loop, if I use this code block to print a single barcode:
    p.PrintPage += delegate(object sender1, PrintPageEventArgs e1) {
                    e1.Graphics.DrawString("TITLE", new Font("Univers 55", 6), new SolidBrush(Color.Black), new RectangleF(titleX, titleY, p.DefaultPageSettings.PrintableArea.Width, p.DefaultPageSettings.PrintableArea.Height));
                    e1.Graphics.DrawString(s, new Font("Barcode", 24), new SolidBrush(Color.Black), new RectangleF(codeX, codeY, p.DefaultPageSettings.PrintableArea.Width, p.DefaultPageSettings.PrintableArea.Height));
                    e1.Graphics.DrawString(test, new Font("Univers 55", 8), new SolidBrush(Color.Black), new RectangleF(numberX, numberY, p.DefaultPageSettings.PrintableArea.Width, p.DefaultPageSettings.PrintableArea.Height));

};
titleX, titleY, codeX, codeY, numberX, numberY are variables which store the position of the three parts of each barcode object (title, stripes and number), they should alter themselves in a loop.

A: If you want to print multiple barcodes on a single page, nothing is stopping you from putting those in a loop. I would move the code to a separate method though, instead of an "inline delegate", to keep it clean:
p.PrintPage += PrintPage;
...
private void PrintPage(object sender, PrintPageEventArgs e)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < numberOfBarcodes; i++)
    {
        int titleY = i * titleYdistance + titleYoffset;
        // etc.

        e.Graphics.DrawString(...);
        // etc.
    }
}

If you have more than what would fit on a single page, the PrintPageEventArgs class has a HasMorePages property. The event method is called as long as you keep setting this property to true, allowing you to print different barcodes for each page.