text:
FOB Boris: Much Learned, Much Taught
Artist: Sara Wrzesinski
Veteran: Timothy Balke, US Army
This piece was inspired by several elements of Sergeant Balke's oral history and some independent research I did about Afghanistan and the area where he did his tour. Afghanistan is a beautiful and rugged place. As he said, "It would be a great place to visit, if there weren't people shooting at you all the time." Sergeant Balke was stationed at FOB Boris in Paktika Province, which is very near the Eastern border with Pakistan. While he was there, the FOB was re-named Boris; it had been called Bermel previously. The following elements were included in this print: A Toyota Corolla, which is the unofficial vehicle of Afghanistan, it is the most popular and desirable vehicle for civilians there. A goat riding on a camel, a sight Sergeant Balke saw while there. The camels also represent traditional Afghani society and the ingenuity of the people. The MRAP, the vehicle used by our military in Afghanistan. Sergeant Balke preferred tor ride in the gun tower of his MRAP when they were out on a mission- it was spacious and gave him the ability to quickly get out to attend to casualties.
Artist: Jonas Angelet
Veteran: Michael Gourlie, US Army
After listening to the interview tapes of my collaborator, I was struck by a period of his military life, when he returned to civilian life after Vietnam and other wars, and was met with an angry populous that decried war. He mentioned a time when he immediately started to grow his hair out and look "shaggy" in an attempt to blend in with regular society. He discussed a period where he was proud of his service to his country but trying to navigate life where military was viewed as "the enemy" to on collage campuses. I attempted to illustrate his conflicted civilian life, primarily after Vietnam, when he felt less inclined to claim military status, but was also proud of his duties and quietly reflecting on his experience. The images in my work illustrate the fading memory and pride for his former life combined with an isolated figure trying not to draw attention to his patriotic emotions and instincts. The flag is small but represents a large hunk of his memory and thus the large, abstracted and broken frame for the soldiers in the center.
For Matthew
Artist: Tracy Honn
Veteran: Matthew Sorensen, US Marines
Matthew Sorensen's voice and his story are riveting. I still have a sense of stunned astonishment from what I learned listening to his oral history recording. After I heard it, we met and Matthew generously answered my questions, and also talked about what he is doing now. Matthew is studying history. At the core of this narrative are questions about institutional power and personal integrity. The print I made is about my feelings about what I heard. Matthew can tell his story best, and he has great abilities to do so.
"The arc of the moral universe is long, but it
bends towards justice."
V.F.V. #1
Artist: Heather Buechler
Veteran: Paul Dolan, US Marine Corps
I just could not shake Paul Dolan's first encounter with ocean. It was a mere ten minutes in, but it stuck with me for the duration of the interview. I listened again, and still all I could see was the ocean. When I did not see the ocean, I saw villas in Havana and the heat in the night, the smell of liquor and sweat, and the breeze from people dancing. This carried me through until the rush of the Baltic landed upon the ports of Helsinki, where I saw men playing rugby and a man who just years prior could never have guessed this was where he would end up. It wasn't a romance of war with Dolan I clung to. It was the romance of travel, the romance of leaving home, flying across oceans, experiencing a constant shift in geography, and cultivating relationships thousands of miles apart.
The Paintbrush Became My Security Clearance
Artist: Max White
Veteran: Yvette M. Pino, US Army
Yvette Pino had an amazing story to tell. Her narrative evoked a variety of visually-imaged translations. What struck me most, and became the salient feature of the dry-point print created for this project, was her role as an artist in the military. During Yvette's narrative, she related how she had been selected out by Major Fitzpatrick to do specialized projects, because of her drawing and painting skills. While deployed in Kuwait & Iraq, completing two tours of service, Yvette created emblems, signs, and murals (Rendezvous with Destiny). She even emblazoned gigantic landing fields with symbolic eagles, using jet fuel to thin the paint. I saw an important continuum in this aspect of her story, especially since the context within which I know Yvette today is as a fellow artist, one who currently pursues advanced studies in the field at UW-Madison. I thought that this thread, one of determination, challenge, physicality, and working with ones hands, was significant to her life, and thus it became the perfect center around which I visually interpreted her narrative.
Barbed-Wire Haircut
Artist: Tyler Green
Veteran: Gerald Kapinos, US Air Force
"You are what you eat," I always heart growing up. The same goes for what you do. An example is the definition, or what makes up the "who," of a dishwasher. This could include the dishes and suds and hot water and sweat and the shower after work. It includes the restaurant and the customers and the garbage cans out back. "Who" is inextricably tied to "what." I wanted this print to depict what Gerald was as a guard in a prisoner of war camp. As a guard in the camp he was, in a way, the camp itself. He was a barbed wire fence and a rifle and the dust in the air. This is not to say he was not an individual, because he surely was. He was also these other things, larger things. He was the detainees and the soldiers and a country at war.
MRE Pizza
Artist: Kris Broderick
Veteran: Steve Noonan, US Air Force
I listened to Steve Noonan's story several times looking for something special to inform my artwork. Every time I listened, I noticed that there was one point at which his voice came alive and I could hear a special feeling: "I made an MRE pizza recipe: took a square of crackers, pouch of meatballs and sauce, spread that over the crackers, packet of cheese, spread that on top and then warm that up…cheese and sausage pizza." It seemed that this was his little bit of home away from home in an otherwise dreary and work-filled life on the other side of the world. I wanted to make that bright spot that he created be a memorial to the spirit of the type of man who could find something good in a place that challenged him every step of the way.
Night-Vision Bonfire
Artist: Yvette M. Pino
Veteran: Micah Agee, US Air Force
You are never alone. You never have any time to yourself. This sentiment stuck out as I listened to Micah's story as a deployed F-15 mechanic in Afghanistan. One night, however, he had an opportunity to fly on a C-130 with the flight crew. The light of day was fading quickly as they made their descent into Jalalabad. Because the airfield was in the middle of the city they had to approach in blackout conditions. Suddenly everything was dark. Micah was finally alone, metaphorically. He put on his night-vision goggles and from the darkness appeared a vast mountainside with only the small glow of bon-fires creating dots of energy: A beautiful vision amidst the shared idea of never being alone.


Now that we have sampled a few classic trolley cars, a question poses itself: What exactly is a Rochester streetcar: Street railways mostly owned rail vehicles but does this mean we would exclude Rochester's Driving Park Avenue trackless trolleys? Must a Rochester streetcar be an electric car, or can we consider horsecars? Or, for that matter, must a Rochester streetcar even require a motorman? Trailer 1114, having no motors of its own, was just such a motorman-less car, but it most surely was a Rochester streetcar. Built by Kuhlman in 1913 as part of a 25-car order (1100 - 1124, shop order 559), car 1114 and the other 1100's were intended for use on heavily traveled Rochester city car lines. These cars did not have trolley poles and were entirely reliant upon their motor cars. The 1100's were ordered along with the motor car 1000's (1000 - 1024, Kuhlman S.O. 558). Curiously, it would not be the 2-motor 1000's that would pull the 1100's, but rather the low 700's (700 - 724), the low 800's (800 - 814), and two 600's (604 and 609) that would tow the 1100's (note 1). The 47' 8" long 1100's seated 62, the most of any Rochester car including the N. Y. S. Rys. interurban cars (note 2). With their center doors and conductor stationed nearby, the 1100's could swallow rush hour and weekend crowds alike.
As shown here on June 30, 1936, car 1114 awaits the call to duty at East Main Station having been most recently used on the Park line. By 1936, trailer car days in Rochester were numbered. The abandonment of eleven car lines in August, 1936 seriously reduced the routes available to the 1100's. As late as the summer of 1938, 1100's were used on the Lake line's "Sunshine Express" to Charlotte's Ontario Beach Park (note 3), but this appears to have been one of the last uses of trailers in Rochester. During the summer of 1939 or thereabout, the 1100's were either sold off the property or scrapped outright (note 4).
1. King, Roster of the N. Y. S. Rys., pgs. 5, 6 and 8.
2. N. Y. S. Rys. Equipment Chart (1933), sheet 3845A.
3. Conversation with Gordon Pulleyn, ex-N. Y. S. Rys./R.T.C. motorman (badge no. 1217) on August 10, 1997.
4. William Gordon, 94 Years of Rochester Railways, Vol. 1, pg. 154 and Vol. 2, pg. 22; King, Roster..., pg. 6.


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What Does Your Dog Create In Waste?
Call Us To Take The Pain Out Of Your Grass...!
Contents Are Copyrighted 1990 - 2016 Are Sole Property Of Yucko's Inc.


text:
The Key Aim of the Australian Occupational Health and Safety Law
Essays on The Key Aim of the Australian Occupational Health and Safety Law Case Study
Pages: 10 (2500 words)
Tags: Common LawGravityLawPatriot ActTort Law
Download full paperFile format: .doc, available for editing
The paper 'The Key Aim of the Australian Occupational Health and Safety Law' is a perfect example of a human resources case study. Workplace Safety Australia began within 2000 and is the most important National Occupational Health & Safety advisory as well as a provider of information to Australian organizations. n NSW, the relevant OHS law is the OH& S Act 2000, which obligates the employers to make sure that the employees are not subjected to performing their jobs, to risks to their health, safety as well as welfare.
This statutory obligation is unconditional. The OHS law enforces a heavy burden on employers to carry out the provided duties. One, according to common law, the employers are obligated to establish all reasonably foreseeable risks and this is applicable in the case law, for example, the case, Drake Personnel Limited t/a Drake Industry v Workcover Authority NSW (Insp Ch' ng) 1999 90 IR 432 (Waleters, 2008). In the OHS Act, section 3 (c) provides for the direction of health and this covers the physical as well as the psychological element of an employee' s health and safety.
The same section, subsection (e) gives out and establishes the risk management strategy needed for handling all OH& S matters. The Victorian law, which is the new OH& S Act 2004, is the hallmark of the Australian OH& S law context. The OH& S Act specifies that it is the responsibility of the employers to make sure that each and every reasonably practicable step is taken in eliminating risks and if it is not possible to eliminate the risks, they are lessened (section 21). On the other hand, section 25 of the Act invokes all the workers to take reasonable care of their health in addition to safety at work.
The work health prerequisite covers the physical along with the psychological issues. Furthermore, the Act also stipulates that the employers are obligated to consult in section 35 of the Act and because stress allied to work is an important health and safety matter, both employers and workers and supposed to consider and discuss jointly health and safety matters, for instance, the organization and the management of the work, the working environment as well as workplace stressors from whatsoever source (Waleters, 2008).
Gray, W. (2008). OSHA Enforcement and Workplace Injuries. Journal of Risk and Uncertainty. Vol. 8/2.
Hopkins, A. (2010). Occupational Health and Safety. N.S.W: Allen & Unwin.
Ladou, J. (2006). Current Occupational & Environmental Medicine. Sydney: McGraw-Hill Professional.
Lewis, G. (2006). Safety management system registration in the shipping industry. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management. Vol. 20/8.
Roughton, J. (2002). Developing an Effective Safety Culture: A Leadership Approach. London: Butterworth-Heineman
Waleters, D. (2008). Occupational health and safety legislation. London: Institute of Employment Rights.
A Global Labour MarketThe Challenges of Managing the Aging Workforce by Ciutiene and RailaiteIs Enterprise Bargaining Still a Better Way of WorkingFarewell, Job Title. Hello, Agglomeration of Skills by BlueEmployee Attitudes and Job Satisfaction

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


OK, so here are a couple of things I need to say about myself so you'll have the context of what you're about to read: (a) I'm a complete geek when it comes to things that have to do with Japanese martial arts. After several decades of starvation in the only European country with no Japanese Studies department in any of its academic institutions, I haven't yet gotten over the fact that I live in a country where there are literally thousands of places where you can see actual samurai armor and weapons, and I'll gladly fuss over this katana blade or that kabuto helmet. (b) I love the kind of small museums that Tokyo is full of—big museums are great of course, but small ones feel much more personal and allow for a better (and usually deeper) understanding of their subject.
That being said, I think that the new Samurai Museum in Shinjuku's Kabukicho area is certainly worth a visit; whether it's worth the 1,800 yen ticket is a different story, but I'll get to that in a moment. For starters, it's good to keep in mind that this isn't like the Sword Museum in Yoyogi with an organization behind it and aiming for people who are more geek than me (i.e. sword collectors, historians, etc.). It's been created for the regular, non-Japanese tourist who doesn't really know much about the samurai and would like to see and learn something more, especially not in the context of a huge museum like the National in Ueno. And in that, it does quite a decent job.
I know that Kabukicho sounds like a weird location for such an establishment; let's face it, love hotels and host/hostess bars are not exactly the place you'd expect a museum dedicated to warriors from Japan's glorious past. But like the museum's owner pointed out, there are many hotels in the broader Shinjuku area and shopping (and Robot Restaurant) aside, there isn't much to actually do in Shinjuku if you are a non-Japanese tourist. So you need to go past a huge hotel with a multiplex and a life-size Godzilla behind it and a few love hotels—so what? The museum closes at 21:00 and despite its notoriety among the Japanese, Kabukicho isn't actually dangerous anyway so, yes, why not Kabukicho?
The museum has two areas: the ground level with the gift shop, the reception desk and an array of yoroi sets of armor, mostly from the Muromachi (1336-1573) and Edo (1600-1868) periods very beautifully arranged; and the first floor (or "second floor" in Japanese) with six smaller areas (specializing in the Kamakura period, swords and other bladed weapons, kabuto helmets, yoroi armor, matchlock guns and the passage to the modern era). The museum creators have taken spacial care to make the rooms as, well, Japanese as possible with tatami mats, paper screens, very atmospheric lighting, music, etc., and some of the exhibits are indeed very interesting even for someone who is somewhat familiar with the subject.
Not that it is an easy subject to tackle. What we call "samurai" today incorporates about 800 years of history over very different social, political and even martial conditions: the bushi from the aristocratic families of the early 12th century who actually went to war, bow in hand, didn't have much in common with to the thousands of peasants-reluctantly-turned-soldiers of the 16th century who owned just a helmet and a spear, or the administrators of the Edo period we know from Kurosawa's films who hadn't seen battle action for decades or even centuries. Much to the Samurai Museum's credit, there is quite enough work done in the direction of clearing at least some basic misconceptions.
For example, I'm pretty sure that most visitors will be surprised to find out how important firearms were for the samurai who actually went to war (the Samurai Museum has some wonderful pieces in that area). Or that the sword was not "the soul of the samurai"—the bow and arrow was, at least until the Tokugawa forced the provincial feudal lords to stop fighting and created a military state that remained (relatively) peaceful for over 250 years. Even though the actual number of exhibits isn't that big, it's enough to illustrate some of the main points of the history of Japan's fighting class. As I wrote earlier, it is not meant to exhaust the subject but to give an idea of how those people looked and what they used to, well, kill each other.
I mentioned in the beginning that there is of course the question of whether the 1,800 yen ticket is worth the price, especially considering that the average museum entrance fee in Tokyo is around 1,000 yen. I'd say the answer is "yes", especially if you want to ease yourself into the whole samurai thing: some (but not all!) of the exhibits in the bigger museums might be more worthy from a historian's/collector's perspective, but the presentation in the Samurai Museum is much more friendly to the casual visitor and especially to the one from abroad. (From what the museum people told us, 60% of their visitors are Westerners, 35% are Asians and only 5% are Japanese.) Add a couple of extras like the free sword drawing demonstrations starting this week and held four times a day (at 14:00, 15:00, 16:00 and 17:00), the calligraphy lessons (for a rather reasonable fee) and the opportunity to get your picture taken in helmet, armour and yielding a sword for free and you can see that it is certainly a fun way to spend a couple of hours! Fancier official photo-shoots are also available for an additional cost!
Hell holes can be interesting too. Not a place to hang out if you're drunk but it's an interesting glimpse of the under belly. And I'm not denying there are some very unsavory establishments there.


text:
Cost of a Clemson football uniform: Helmets, shoulder pads are largest expense
Scott Keepfer
NEW ORLEANS – Abe Reed has seen a lot of changes in his 22 years at Clemson.
"My first year was (coach) Tommy West's last year," Reed said. "We went 3-8."
Victories have been a bit more plentiful of late for the Tigers – and Reed.
"We've been on a nice little run here," said Reed, who is head equipment manager for Clemson's football program.
Saturday found Reed busy prepping equipment for the Tigers' first on-site practice for Monday night's College Football Playoff National Championship Game against No. 1 LSU.
Members of Reed's staff packed an 18-wheeler "front to back, top to bottom," Reed said, at Clemson on Thursday. On Friday Reed unpacked the trailer, which contained 240 helmets – one for the game and one for practice for each of the 120 players – and untold numbers of pads, shirts, pants, socks, gloves, cleats and wristbands, among other items.
Road to the Championship: How the Clemson Tigers got back to the title game Clemson's Dabo Swinney, LSU's Ed Orgeron have big bonuses at stake in national title game LSU, Clemson 'antsy to play' after long College Football Playoff layoff after semifinals Clemson vs. LSU: Receiver Tee Higgins is a 'full go' after Fiesta Bowl injury LSU vs. Clemson: Wrestling bleeds into culture of Clemson's offensive line
The cost of outfitting the average Clemson player is roughly $2,600, which means more than $312,000 worth of uniforms made the trip to New Orleans.
Helmets and shoulder pads represent the largest price tags, coming in at an average of around $500 each.
"The cost of the helmet 15 years ago was around $125," Reed said. "The cost of some helmets now is up to $1,500, with a minimum of $300."
At least the cost of jerseys and pants has remained stable by comparison.
"That price point on jerseys and pants has probably been the same for about six years," Reed said. "Not having a price increase in six years is pretty good."
Equipments costs can range from an $8 wristband to $505 shoulder pads for an offensive linemen. There is variance in the cost of most items based on position, for example pads for a defensive back may differ from those worn by an offensive guard.
Customized pads and accessories add to the price tag.
"You can do just about whatever you want," Reed said. "They'll sew Velcro into the plastic if you want them to so the jerseys won't come up. It's kind of like buying a car. However many options and accessories you want to add, they'll do it, but you'll end up paying for it."
Or in this case, Clemson will end up paying for it.
The good news is that the football team continues to enjoy unprecedented success, making it fun for Reed and his staff.
He's been at Clemson since 1998 after getting his start at the University of Houston. He came to Clemson as a graduate assistant, worked his way up and was elevated to equipment manager seven years ago. He has witnessed a lot of memorable moments, be isn't about to begin taking them for granted.
"It's unbelievable," he said. "I've got a 14-year-old and an 11-year-old and they're enjoying the ride just as much as everybody else. I look at some of the students I have working for me and all they know is the College Football Playoff. It's crazy."
COST OF CLEMSON UNIFORM
Helmet: $469/$502 (with paint, mask and chin strap)
Shoulder pads: $430/$485/$505
Cleats: $127-$300
Socks: $9/$16
Gloves: $55/$65/$70
Wristbands: $8/$9
Drifit shirt: $30/$45
Girdle: $30
Padded girdle: $90
Offensive line padded girdle: $120
Padded jock: $35
Quarterback shirt: $150
Visor: $50
Skull cap: $25
Skull wrap: $18
Arm sleeve: $25
Jersey: $160
Pants: $115


text:
Q: Biblatex: Writing the output of \thefield{...} to a file
*

*Short question: in Biblatex, how do I print the (string) field contents to a file?  When processing an entry I would like to do something like this:

\write\file{\thefield{userc}}% the file contents is wrong (unexpanded macros here)
I would like to write to the file the final text, as printed out by \typeout{}:
\typeout{\thefield{userc}}% outputs "REF1,REF2", etc - I do see the text I need
For my entries the field "userc" contains comma separated lists of type "REF1,REF2,...". The result of \write is wrong and I am at a loss how to get the macro properly expanded.
I would like to have "REF1 REF2" in the file to generate there commands like \addtocategory{REF1}{KEY}, \addtocategory{REF2}{KEY}) and input the file later where needed.

*Explanation of what and why is being tried. I am trying to produce the list of citations to my works. Currently I have all the citing bibliography entries equipped with the fields

@<entrytype>{KEY,
            RELATED={REF1,REF2},
            RELATEDTYPE={set}
            }

where REF1,REF2 are the keys of the items which are cited in the work KEY. This works  after adding a suitable macro
\newbibmacro{related:set}[1]{%
     %...
    \typeout{\thefield{userc}}% outputs "REF1, REF2", etc - OK
    \write\f{\thefield{userc}}% fails
    }

(the idea found online) and produces the list of bibliography items followed by items citing them. But now I need to organize this in the opposite way (list of works followed by their citations) and keep, if possible, the current structure of the BiB file. I am no expert; any help is welcome.

A: \immediate\write
One option to write \thefield is to wrote \immediately. If you say \write, the argument will be written out at a slightly later point when the page is shipped out and not at the point you say \write (which is extremely convenient if you need to get page references right, see https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/103944/35864). Unfortunately, \thefield won't be available at that later point any more and the write operation will not result in the desired outcome. If you use \immediate\write the data is written out immediately when the data is still available.
\documentclass[british]{article}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{babel}
\usepackage{csquotes}

\usepackage[style=authoryear, backend=biber]{biblatex}

% define and open file
\newwrite\myfile
\immediate\openout\myfile\jobname.myf\relax

% close file at end of document
\AtEndDocument{\immediate\closeout\myfile}

\AtEveryBibitem{\immediate\write\myfile{\thefield{volume}}}

\addbibresource{biblatex-examples.bib}

\begin{document}
\cite{sigfridsson}
\printbibliography
\end{document}

\protected@write
Alternatively, you can use \protected@write as suggested in the comments by Phelype Oleinik, which is probably a bit safer. With \protected@write the data will be written later, when the page is shipped out, but it will be expanded beforehand so that we still print the right thing.
\documentclass[british]{article}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{babel}
\usepackage{csquotes}

\usepackage[style=authoryear, backend=biber]{biblatex}

% define and open file
\newwrite\myfile
\openout\myfile\jobname.myf\relax

% close file at end of document
\AtEndDocument{\closeout\myfile}

\makeatletter
\AtEveryBibitem{\protected@write\myfile{}{\thefield{volume}}}
\makeatother

\addbibresource{biblatex-examples.bib}

\begin{document}
\cite{sigfridsson}
\printbibliography
\end{document}

In both cases, the .myf file contains
19

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


There are many good reasons to join a sorority, but the benefits come with a pretty large price tag.
Some people think joining a sorority is basically "buying friendship," but anyone who has joined one will tell you that's not always true. The money spent is friendship earned, I guess.
Obviously, sororities are organizations that need some funding to function. Huge parties and living accommodations aren't free, people.
No matter what school you go to or what kind of family you come from, costs are definitely something to consider when making a huge commitment like joining a sorority.
It's hard to nail down an actual average of basic costs, such as registration fees, dues and housing because every school is different.
Here are some examples, but keep in mind every school and chapter are different.
Penn State and the University of Mississippi don't offer housing for sororities, but members must pay either monthly or per semester to be a part of them. At Penn State, sorority members pay $350 to $600 per semester, which adds up to $2,800 to $4,800 total.
That's all on top of living costs. Yikes!
On the other hand, schools like University of California, Berkeley and the University of Florida offer housing for sororities, and the fee to be a member is included in the per semester or per year cost.
At the University of Florida, sorority members pay around $3,700 per year, and that includes housing. That adds up to $14,800 for all four years.
But sorority members at the University of California, Berkeley cough up $3,500 to $4,200 per semester including housing and food. After four years there, sisters will have paid $28,000 to $33,600 to be in a sorority.
And then there are colleges with expensive membership fees that don't include anything else, like at the University of Southern California, where sorority members have to pay an additional $1,300 per year. That adds up to $5,200 just to be in a sorority.
So yeah, joining a sorority is a bigger financial decision than you'd think amidst the fun and excitement of rush week.
You can see how much the costs vary. The first semester will be the most expensive because recruitment, registration and initiation fees are piled on everything else.
There are a lot of the cost factors people overlook before joining a sorority.
Members also have to pay for apparel like t-shirts (everyone has to match), alcohol, social events like other fundraisers, clothes for themed parties and gifts for younger members.
Sure, a t-shirt costs $20 one time, but after many different events each semester, it all adds up quickly.
Joining a sorority could mean spending almost $500 on just t-shirts over four years. That's a lot for t-shirts you'll end up giving away or throwing out.
In an article on Credit.com, Christine DiGangi broke down each expense by looking at her old credit card and sorority billing statements and estimating cash costs.
She included all costs, from housing to little things like beer cozies and sweatbands worn for events.
Her final breakdown came to $16,015.21 for the four years she was part of a sorority. Damn.
She lived in the sorority house for some, but not all, of her four years in college. With the help of student loans and loaned money from her parents, DiGangi was able to make it work.
At the end of the article, DiGangi expresses how she feels about the costs in hindsight.
Was it worth it? Some of it certainly was, but some of it definitely wasn't — so if you figure I wouldn't have had the good experiences at all if I hadn't joined, I guess it was worth it. But $16,000 (plus interest, since some of that was student loan money) is hell of a lot of money for a social life and, um, sisterhood.
Weighing the price of becoming a sister for life is different for every person. Some dream of being part of a sorority for years, while others don't think about it once until rush week.
Yes, living in sorority housing can be cheaper than on-campus housing, which is often required for undergrad students on most campuses. But, not all college kids have to pay fines for missing meetings or getting too drunk at parties like sorority members do.
For the most part, joining a sorority will add expenses to an already expensive four-year experience.
I was never part of a sorority myself. My college experience wasn't cheap, but I didn't have to pay initiation fees, recruitment fees or buy matching apparel for anything.
At the end of the day, there is no cheap way to do sorority life. But the lifelong connections you make and the experiences you have just have to be worth it to you.


text:
A Shot in the Arm for European Clinical Trials?
Peter O'Donnell
Peter O'Donnell is a freelance journalist who specializes in European health affairs and is based in Brussels, Belgium.
Applied Clinical Trials, Applied Clinical Trials-08-01-2014, Volume 23, Issue 8
New phase of innovation initiative emphasizes focus on research networks, adaptive trials, and personalized medicine, among other key areas.
Some fresh impetus to modernizing European approaches to clinical trials may emerge from the launch last month of the new, improved Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI)—the public-private partnership between the European Union and the pharmaceutical industry. IMI2 claims to be more than a second phase of the research-support program launched in 2008. It is not just that it will have more money (although at $4.5 billion, its funding for the next seven years is more than 50% higher). It is based on a new strategic research agenda, itself inspired by the 2013 update of the World Health Organization's report on Priority Medicines for Europe. And it places a new emphasis on the needs of patients and society, and on the potential of personalized medicine.
Practical proposals
In practical terms, IMI2 suggests ways that may help to overcome the problems that arise from different countries' different approaches to the conduct of clinical trials. "The acceptance of a new design in one country may not be supported by another, making the conduct of global trials challenging," it acknowledges. So IMI2 will aim to establish, train, and maintain European networks of a new breed of investigators in all EU countries. The networks should, the partnership envisions, have "ample expertise and experience in designing and executing clinical trials for diagnosing, preventing, and treating disease as required to support delivery of clinical trials that address the priority health areas underpinning IMI2." In addition to hospitals with disease management expertise, the networks will have to include individual experts in clinical trial design, regulators, the pricing and reimbursement agencies that take part in Europe's emerging health technology assessment framework, and experts in developing and delivering appropriate training.
These networks will also have to be able to command global recognition for their excellence, and be capable of effective collaboration with other national, European and global initiatives. Central tasks will include establishing best practice, standardized training materials, and feasibility assessment criteria. There will be a need for development of a standardized charter for clinical trial networks, including clear criteria for inclusion of sites, certification, quality control, and plans for sustainability, and these will need agreement from all key players across academia, industry, and regulators. Laboratory trial and research networks will also be required.
The results expected will include a "significant reduction in study set-up times," as well as lower costs. These improvements will be attained, says IMI2, through increased access to clinical sites trained in good clinical practice, and up-to-date reports on each site in terms of standards of care, diagnostics, patient flow, time process for institutional review, and contracting, as well as the availability of training materials for clinical investigators.
Explorations of theory
At a more theoretical level, IMI2 is to explore innovative adaptive designs more systematically. Noting the increased attention to probability inferences, it proposes closer scrutiny of the approach to avoid over-simplification. While "Bayesian statistical methods are being used increasingly in clinical research to minimize the number of patients included in a randomized clinical trial and decrease the chance of maintaining a patient in an unfavorable treatment arm," IMI2 says. Enumerating the potential benefits, the partnership counsels caution.
There is much in favor of these methods, IMI2 recognizes: "Accumulating results can be assessed at any time, including continually during the study, with the possibility of modifying the design of the trial; for example, by slowing (or stopping) or expanding accrual, unbalancing randomization to favor better performing therapies, dropping or adding treatment arms, and changing the trial population to focus on patient subsets that are responding better to the experimental therapies." But, IMI2 goes on, "While paved with good intent, many designs focus primarily on obtaining efficacy"—which presents challenges when balancing the need to collect sufficient data regarding potential adverse events. Trial design and analysis can become complex and bias can be introduced through changes of the patient population over time or changes in molecular strain characteristics. "More efforts are therefore required to refine the concept of adaptive trial design," IMI2 concludes.
Minimizing uncertainty
At the same time, even with these advances in clinical development, efforts aimed at minimizing regulatory authorities' uncertainties about safety and efficacy of new medicines and vaccines may still leave significant uncertainty over real-world effectiveness and risk, remarks IMI2. This can impede both the speed and level of patient access, the partnership warns. The lesson IMI2 draws from this is that with healthcare decision makers increasingly assessing a medicine in terms of expected future value in real-world clinical practice, with increased emphasis on value, or the relationship between outcomes and cost, "there is a need for better ways to measure outcomes (benefit and risk) that are clinically meaningful but standardized across countries and clinical setting." No easy task, IMI2 recognizes, dismissive of glib responses reliant merely on emerging e-health solutions.
It does not dispute the opportunity offered by the advent of digital media and the use of smartphones and tablets to develop new methods for collecting real-world benefit and risk data on the basis of more patient reported outcomes. But this presents its own challenges that still need answers—in particular in managing the collection, validation, and analysis of data, ensuring the cost-effectiveness of data collection, and complying with requirements of privacy laws and data security. A framework to address data privacy and personal integrity issues inherent in the use of health records and personal genomic data will be needed, IMI2 stresses.
Alongside the growing demand for demonstration of value, drug development itself is progressing further toward precision medicine approaches, IMI2 points out. This, it adds, is driving the need for development of new patient-focussed clinical outcome measures and new clinical trial paradigms that can support the evaluation of benefit and risk in small stratified patient populations. Equally necessary will be infrastructures for collection and sharing of trial data, together with methods for meta-analysis of trial data to investigate outcomes across multiple stratified trials in different locations.
Priority to patients
The increased attention to patients that is implicit in IMI2's focus on personalized medicine is reflected in more explicit fashion throughout the strategic agenda. "Patient input will be essential to the development of new outcome measures and integrated treatment paradigms that move away from a medicine-only approach to one of a personalized care package," IMI2 says. Each chapter of the research agenda ends with a summary—more or less credible—of the intended or supposed benefits to patients.
Core objectives include establishing "a framework with clearly defined rules, ethical standards, and data privacy measures to support the interaction of key stakeholders (especially patient groups) involved in the clinical development of new medicines and vaccines." IMI2 will aim to "develop innovative clinical endpoints which more closely reflect value to the patient," such as patient-reported outcome measures. It will seek greater "involvement in the healthcare ecosystem" of patient and citizen needs, and mechanisms to ensure patients and citizens are "suitably educated regarding the health options available to them, as well as a more open dialogue between patient and healthcare providers."
The program will also devote greater attention to patient adherence to prescribed dosing regimens—not just in patients with relatively minor illnesses, but also to those suffering from life- threatening conditions; it describes some of the figures of non-compliance as "staggering." This problem is set to become more prevalent as healthcare is increasingly pushed outside the hospital setting and the age of the population increases, IMI2 predicts. What it has in mind for effective adherence programs is an integrated approach with services, including clinical support and education to patients, the development of new drug delivery systems, and the development of robust, portable monitoring devices.
The strategic research agenda also speaks of encouragement for patient and disease advocate groups to become engaged in education on the science of clinical trials and translational research, and to become involved in sample collection, data sharing, collaborative study design, and analysis. Increased participation of citizens and patients early in the R&D process also offers the opportunity to better understand the needs of each individual, the behaviors that drive poor lifestyle choices and non-adherence to prescription regimes, and, therefore, offer the opportunity to create not just medicines, but integrated treatment programs tailored towards maximizing outcomes, says IMI2. Above all, to achieve the concept of precision medicine with its tailored treatment programs, "it will be essential to better understand individual patient behaviors, societal, lifestyle, and environmental factors that influence the engagement of patients with their treatment pathways, an area which to date has received little attention."
People getting sick in Europe may look forward to better treatments—but patients are also going to be doing a lot of hard work as this program rolls out.
Download Issue : Applied Clinical Trials-08-01-2014


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Francisco de Orellana (Trujillo, Extremadura; 1511-cerca del Río Amazonas, noviembre de 1546), fue un explorador, conquistador y adelantado español en la época del descubrimiento de América. Participó en la conquista del Imperio Inca y, en lo posterior, fue nombrado teniente gobernador en diversas poblaciones. Se lo consideró como uno de los conquistadores más ricos de la época.

En 1535 participó en la pacificación y fundación de Puerto Viejo donde desempeñó los cargos de regidor, alcalde ordinario además de teniente gobernador y uno de los primeros vecinos. En 1537 Refundó la ciudad de Guayaquil, que había sido destruida por los indígenas nativos en varias ocasiones y reubicada por diferentes colonizadores españoles. Al año siguiente recibió el título de teniente de gobernador de Guayaquil. Después de terminar la reconstrucción de la ciudad partió hacia Quito y, junto a Gonzalo Pizarro, organizó una expedición que terminaría con el descubrimiento del río Amazonas el 12 de febrero de 1542.

Tras sobrevivir a la travesía del viaje por la Amazonia, partió de regreso a España donde fue acusado de traición por cargos presentados por Pizarro. Tras ser absuelto, organizó otra expedición, pero no contó con el capital ni con la aprobación necesarias. Por esta razón, se dedicó a la piratería y se dirigió nuevamente al Amazonas, donde junto a la mayor parte de su tripulación fallecieron sin ubicación específica a lo largo del río.

Biografía
Francisco de Orellana había nacido en Trujillo en 1511. Era pariente de la familia de Francisco Pizarro, por parte de su abuela materna. Viajó al Nuevo Mundo muy joven (1527), sirviendo en Nicaragua. Reforzó el ejército de Pizarro en el Perú (1535) y le sirvió en múltiples campañas, en una de las cuales perdió un ojo.

Durante la guerra civil entre los conquistadores en el Perú, se alineó con los Pizarro y fue enviado por Francisco Pizarro al mando de una columna desde Lima en ayuda de Hernando Pizarro. En 1538 fue nombrado gobernador de la provincia de la Culata, en la costa del actual Ecuador, donde reconstruyó y repobló Santiago de Guayaquil, que había sido recientemente destruida por los indios, anteriormente fundada por Pizarro y repoblada por Sebastián de Belalcázar.

Ecuador

En diciembre de 1540, Gonzalo Pizarro como teniente gobernador de la ciudad americana Quito, partió con una expedición desde Cusco con la orden de Francisco Pizarro de explorar el este de Quito e ir en busca del País de la Canela y la cuna del reino del El Dorado más allá en el oriente selvático. Orellana supo de la expedición que organizaba Pizarro y se unió a ella. En Quito, Pizarro juntó una fuerza de 340 hidalgos españoles, 200 a caballo y 4000 indios, mientras que Orellana, segundo al mando, fue mandado a Guayaquil para alistar más tropas y conseguir caballos. Pizarro partió de Quito en febrero de 1541, justo antes de que Orellana, con 23 hombres y caballos, se uniera a él.

Orellana no abandonó y se apresuró para unirse a la expedición principal, contactándola finalmente en el valle de Zumaco, próximo a Quito en marzo de 1541. Fue el tercer Teniente de Gobernador de Puerto Viejo después de haber asistido a su pacificación y fundación donde perdió un ojo, en las inmediaciones de la actual costa ecuatoriana, además de haber sido uno de los primeros célebres vecinos de Puerto Viejo. Por ello existen documentos que ameritan la estancia de Francisco de Orellana en los primeros cabildos coloniales de actuales ciudades ecuatorianas.

Exploración del Amazonas

Cruzaron los Andes. Al cabo de un año, ante la falta de resultados de la búsqueda, Gonzalo Pizarro y Orellana construyeron un bergantín, el San Pedro, para transportar a los heridos y los suministros, y siguieron los cursos de los ríos Coca y Napo hasta la confluencia de este con el Aguarico y el Curaray, donde se encontraron faltos de provisiones. Habían perdido 140 de los 340 españoles y 3000 de los 4000 indios que componían la expedición.

Acordaron entonces (2 de febrero de 1542) que Orellana prosiguiera en el barco en busca de alimentos río abajo. Le acompañaban unos cincuenta hombres. Incapaz de remontar el río, Orellana esperó a Pizarro. Finalmente, hizo un último intento de ponerse en contacto con él ofreciendo a sus hombres una recompensa para los seis voluntarios que aceptasen remontar el río e informar a Pizarro de su situación. Sin embargo solo tres hombres se ofrecieron para intentar volver río arriba y así la iniciativa de Orellana no se pudo llevar a cabo. Tras una votación, se decidió seguir río abajo con la esperanza de lograr llegar al final del río y salvar así sus vidas. Para intentar el viaje con más garantías de éxito, se comenzó la construcción de un nuevo bergantín, el Victoria. Mientras tanto, Pizarro había vuelto hacia Quito por una ruta más hacia el norte, con sólo 80 hombres, los que quedaban vivos.

Orellana siguió río abajo. Al cabo de siete meses y un viaje de 4800 kilómetros, en los que navegó río abajo por el río Napo, el Trinidad (¿río Jurua?), el río Negro (bautizado por Orellana) y el Amazonas, llegó a su desembocadura (26 de agosto de 1542), y desde allí se dirigió costeando a Nueva Cádiz en la isla de Cubagua (actual Venezuela). La Victoria, llevando a Orellana y Carvajal, bordeó la isla de Trinidad por el sur y quedó varada en el golfo de Paria durante siete días, llegando finalmente a Cubagua el 11 de septiembre de 1542.

Fue en este viaje en el que el Amazonas adquirió su nombre. Se cuenta que la expedición fue atacada por feroces mujeres guerreras, similares a las amazonas de la mitología griega, pero es posible que simplemente luchara contra guerreros indígenas de pelo largo. Sin embargo, las crónicas del Padre Gaspar de Carvajal, cronista de Orellana deja muy claro que los indígenas que les combatieron estaban liderados por mujeres.

La fascinante Amazonia
Puesto que se desvanecía toda esperanza de reunirse con Gonzalo Pizarro, verdadero jefe de la expedición, Orellana fue elegido de forma unánime capitán del grupo. Se decidió construir un nuevo bergantín, al que se puso por nombre Victoria, y continuar por el río hasta mar abierto. Durante el trayecto, los heroicos exploradores arrostraron mil peligros, fueron atacados varias veces por los indígenas y dieron muestras de un valor extraordinario.

El viaje les preparó continuas sorpresas: árboles inmensos, selvas de lujuriosa vegetación y un río que más bien parecía un mar de agua dulce y cuyos afluentes eran mayores que los más caudalosos de España. Cuando dejaron de divisar las orillas de aquel grandioso río, Orellana ordenó que se navegara en zigzag para observar ambas riberas.

En la mañana del 24 de junio, día de San Juan, fueron atacados por un grupo de amerindios encabezado por las míticas amazonas. Los españoles, ante aquellas mujeres altas y vigorosas que disparaban sus arcos con destreza, creyeron estar soñando. En la refriega consiguieron hacer prisionero a uno de los hombres que acompañaban a las aguerridas damas, quien les relató que las amazonas tenían una reina que se llamaba Conori y poseían grandes riquezas. Maravillados por el encuentro, los navegantes bautizaron el río en honor de tan fabulosas mujeres.

El 24 de agosto, Orellana y los suyos llegaron a la desembocadura de aquella impresionante masa de agua. Durante dos días lucharon contra las olas que se formaban al chocar la corriente del río con el océano y, al fin, consiguieron salir a mar abierto. El 11 de septiembre llegaban a la isla de Cubagua, en el mar Caribe venezolano, culminando uno de los más apasionantes periplos de la historia de los descubrimientos.

Regreso a España

Desde Cubagua, Orellana embarcó hacia España. Sin embargo, tras una travesía difícil, llegó primero a Portugal, donde el rey le ofreció hospitalidad e incluso recibió ofertas para volver al Amazonas con una expedición abundantemente provista bajo bandera portuguesa.

El Tratado de Tordesillas había puesto toda la longitud del Amazonas bajo soberanía castellana, mientras que los portugueses consideraban la costa brasileña como de su entera propiedad. Sin embargo, Orellana continuó a Valladolid (mayo de 1543) con la esperanza de conseguir las reclamaciones castellanas sobre toda la cuenca del Amazonas.

Una vez en la corte, y tras nueve meses de negociaciones, Carlos I le nombra gobernador de las tierras que había descubierto, bautizadas como Nueva Andalucía (18 de febrero de 1544). Las capitulaciones le permitían explorar y colonizar Nueva Andalucía con no menos de 200 soldados de infantería, 100 de caballería y el material para construir dos barcos fluviales.

A su llegada al Amazonas, debía construir dos ciudades, una de ellas justo en la boca del río. Sin embargo, los preparativos se alargaron debido a la falta de fondos. Finalmente gracias a la financiación de Cosmo de Chaves, padrastro de Orellana, la expedición pudo partir. Poco antes Orellana se casa con Ana de Ayala, una joven de origen humilde que le acompañará en su nueva travesía.

Segundo viaje al Nuevo Mundo
Zarpa de Cádiz, pero es detenido en Sanlúcar de Barrameda, debido a que gran parte de su expedición estaba compuesta por no castellanos. Finalmente (11 de mayo de 1545), y escondido en uno de sus barcos, zarpa subrepticiamente de Sanlúcar con cuatro barcos. Uno se pierde antes de llegar a las islas de Cabo Verde, otro en el curso de la travesía y un tercero es abandonado al llegar a la desembocadura del Amazonas.

El desembarco se produce poco antes de las Navidades de 1545 y Orellana se interna unos quinientos kilómetros en el delta del Amazonas tras construir un barco fluvial. 57 hombres mueren de hambre y el resto acampan en una isla del delta entre indios amistosos. Orellana parte en un bote para encontrar comida y la rama principal del Amazonas.

A su regreso, encuentra el campamento desierto, pues los hombres habían construido un segundo bote y partido en busca de Orellana. Finalmente abandonaron y partieron costeando hacia la isla Margarita en el mar Caribe.

Muerte

Orellana y su grupo siguieron tratando de localizar el canal principal, pero fueron atacados por los nativos caribes. Diecisiete murieron a causa de las flechas venenosas y el mismo Orellana murió poco después, en noviembre de 1546.

Cuando los supervivientes del segundo bote llegaron a la isla Margarita, se encontraron con 25 compañeros, incluyendo a Diego García de Paredes y Ana de Ayala, que habían llegado en el cuarto barco de la flota original. Un total de 44 supervivientes (de 300 que habían partido) fueron finalmente rescatados por un barco español. Muchos de ellos se asentaron en Centroamérica, Perú y Chile, mientras que Ana de Ayala se casó con otro superviviente, Juan de Peñalosa, con el que vivió hasta su muerte en Panamá.

En la actualidad, una provincia de Ecuador recibe el nombre de Orellana. Igualmente, en el distrito «Las Amazonas» (en el río Napo), provincia de Maynas del departamento de Loreto, en Perú, existe una localidad llamada «Francisco de Orellana».

Fuentes
 La fuente fundamental de la primera expedición fue escrita por fray Gaspar de Carvajal, el capellán que acompañó a Orellana en su primera exploración del Amazonas. Se trata de la Relación del nuevo descubrimiento del famoso río Grande que descubrió por muy gran ventura el capitán Francisco de Orellana. La Relación no fue publicada completa hasta 1895 por el erudito chileno José Toribio Medina, como parte de su obra Descubrimiento del Río de Las Amazonas. Más tarde, en 1934, fue extensamente revisada por .
 El cronista de Indias Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo (1473-1557), vecino de Santo Domingo, dio a conocer el viaje de Orellana y Carvajal en una carta al Cardenal Pietro Bembo, fechada el 20 de enero de 1543 en un resumen que fue traducida al italiano y publicada en la recopilación de Giovanni Battista Ramusio, (1485-1557) Navegationi e Viaggi, tomo 3.
La Relación entera de Carvajal fue compilada y comentada por Oviedo en la tercera parte de su Historia general y natural de las Indias la Tercera Parte, libroL, capítuloXXIV que fue publicada por primera vez en el año 1855.
 El cronista de Indias, Antonio de Herrera (1549-1626) relata en su Historia general de los hechos de los castellanos en las Islas i Tierra firme del Mar Océano (décadaVII, libroIX, caps.VIII-IX) la segunda expedición de Orellana al Amazonas y su muerte.

En la cultura popular
Francisco de Orellana aparece como parte del hilo conductor de la cuarta entrega de la saga Indiana Jones, (Indiana Jones y el reino de la calavera de cristal), aunque muchos de los datos afirmados en la película sobre Orellana son inexactos, o directamente, falsos.

Para empezar, Orellana no fue buscando la mítica ciudad de El Dorado, como se afirma en el filme. Además, Indiana Jones afirma, en la película, que Orellana no regresó jamás a España, dato falso, pues fue acusado por Francisco Pizarro de alta traición y juzgado en España, siendo exonerado.

Por otro lado, Orellana desapareció en el Amazonas, no en Perú, como se afirma en el filme.

Referencias

Bibliografía

Fuentes primarias

Fuentes secundarias
 Cro, Stelio (1982) «La correspondencia epistolar entre el Cardenal Bembo y Fernández de Oviedo; implicaciones históricas». En Francisco Solano y Fermín del Pino (eds.): América y la España del SigloXVI, 1: 53-64, Madrid.

Enlaces externos

Francisco de Orellana y su vida llena de aventuras
Francisco de Orellana; sitio web sobre Francisco de Orellana: Biografía, El Viaje, El Amazonas.
 Francisco de Orellana en los Coloquios Históricos de Extremadura.
 Sitio web oficial del Vcentenario del nacimiento de Francisco de Orellana (Ayuntamiento de Trujillo, España).
 Casa de Orellana; Casa natal de Francisco de Orellana.
 Trujillo. Orellana, descubridor del Amazonas. Vcentenario. Año 2011.
 Documentos RNE. Francisco de Orellana: el discurrir de un río entre El Dorado y las amazonas.
 Distrito de Las Amazonas.

Militares de España del siglo XVI
Militares de la provincia de Cáceres
Exploradores de España del siglo XVI
Conquistadores españoles del siglo XVI
Familia Pizarro
Historia de Quito
Nacidos en Trujillo (España)
Selva amazónica
Conquistadores extremeños
Conquistadores de Guayaquil
Exploradores desaparecidos

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


NAVA is committed to improving inclusivity and accessibility.
Esther Anatolitis speaking at Voice, Agency and Integrity: launch of the Beyond Tick Boxes Report. Photo by Rashmi Ravindran, courtesy of Diversity Arts Australia.
The social model of disability is the internationally recognised way to view and address 'disability'.
Disability is not caused by impairment, but rather, exclusion from access and opportunities to participate as an equal in society because of barriers.
Barriers may be the physical, attitudinal, communication and or social environment. These must change to enable people living with impairments to participate in society on an equal basis with others.
The Meeting of Cultural Ministers (MCM) has agreed to renew the National Arts and Disability Strategy for 2019. MCM is made up of the Australian Government and state and territory government cultural ministers.
NAVA will be submitting a response to the consultation.
You can tell your story about arts and disability by completing the online survey or sending in a submission. Submissions and the survey close 5.00pm AEST 3 December 2018.


text:
Q: Google & Oauthlib - Scope has changed with InstalledAppFlow I have the following code:
appflow = flow.InstalledAppFlow.from_client_secrets_file(
    "client_secret.json", scopes=scopes
)

appflow.run_local_server()

credentials = appflow.credentials

But it raises this error:
Warning: Scope has changed from "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive https://spreadsheets.google.com/feeds https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.compose" to "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive https://www.googleapis.com/auth/spreadsheets https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.compose".

I checked this question, but the error raises when calling a different method, so the answers don't apply to my case.
Can't find how to fix this.

A: Ok, the error message was pretty straightforward: I basically had to replace deprecated scopes entries with the new ones, indicated in the error message:
original scopes:
scopes = ['https://spreadsheets.google.com/feeds',
           'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive',
           'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.compose']

New scopes:
scopes = ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive',
            'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/spreadsheets',
            'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.compose']


8 beautiful Heirloom seeds you need in your garden!
We've all seen purple carrots and stripey tomatoes make waves in our local foodie stores in recent years, but heirloom seeds (those that predate the modern supermarket age) open a world of beautiful fruit and vegetables to the home gardener.
Despite their firey name the super productive 'Tongue of Fire' bean is meek & mild in flavour, but sadly turns green when cooked, so serve raw for the full colour effect!
Sweet as candy, the Chioggia or 'Candystripe' beetroot has a crisp texture and incredible red and white rings when cut open. A stunner thinly sliced in salad.
OK, it's starting to become a "thing", but we love PSB for it's beautiful colour, excellent productivity and long harvesting season. It's now a garden staple in our neck of the woods.
Not quite as sweet as a bar of chocolate, this beautiful deep purpley-brown capsicum starts out green, but ripens to a deep luscious chocolatey colour.
These little cobs of heirloom seeds pack quite a punch when popped in a skillet! Little blue kernels burst into white fluffy popcorn in minutes.
Sweet and juicy, yellow is the new purple in the funky carrot stakes with these sunny vitamin packed carrots.
Incredibly beautiful (and enormous) the skin and leaves of this watermelon are dappled with a constellation of bright yellow "moons" and "stars".
Beautiful purple-blushing white fruit in a compact rounded shape, these beautiful eggplants have a mild flavour, perfect for sucking up a moussaka sauce or curry spices!
I haven't tried the others but can thoroughly recommend the mini blue pop corn. I got jars full from a small, rather neglected community garden plot and the pop corn is good!
Where can we acquire these heirloom seeds?
Colin, the Diggers Club have most of these, I've grown the Moon and Stars watermelon and it was so delicious!


At this point, many of you have gotten to know the fish in your aquariums. I'd like to give you a few fun facts about them.
The clownfish you have in your aquarium are Ocellaris clownfish or Ampiprion Ocellaris. These are the most common species of clownfish in the aquarium trade and have been successfully captive-bred for upwards of 15 years. Your pair of clownfish may look very similar but you may have noticed some changes occurring over the past few weeks or months. When clownfish are born every single one is a male fish, this is called protandrous (proto meaning first, androus meaning male). When they are separated into pairs or even in large groups in the ocean one fish (usually the largest) will become the female in the group. Clownfish are hermaphroditic meaning they can switch between sexes.
In clownfish, the female is the dominant member of the species. They grow larger, choose a mate, and tend to be more aggressive. You may have seen your clownfish violently shaking either when you first introduced them to the aquarium or a few times a day. This is how they communicate and it looks extremely weird and alarming if you were unsure what was happening. This is how they determine who is going to be the male/female as well as spawning cues or any other information they need to tell each other. You may have also noticed the female being more aggressive sometimes chasing the male around the tank. This is normal behavior, to keep the male clownfish from changing the female will bully slightly to ensure she will stay dominant. The only time to worry if there are large pieces of fins taken out or if the female is not letting the male eat any food.
There are many variations of clownfish at this point as the species has almost been domesticated. Normally, there are over 30 species of clownfish with the two most popular being Ocellaris and Percula. You may find pictures of amazing patterns on clownfish that have arisen within the last 5-7 years. These are called designer clownfish and have great designer names like Davinci, Snowlake, Flurry, and midnight. These fish have been bred out to contain these amazing coloration and patters and are usually hybridized between the top two species. Some designer clownfish can cost hundreds of dollars especially if they contain a new pattern or something truly unique.
Your Rainford Goby is another interesting little fish in your aquarium. The Rainford Goby is also known as the court jester goby due to its contrasting green and orange coloration and black and white spots. These small fish are amazing for small and large aquariums. When you first received the Rainford Goby they most likely went straight under the rock and hid for a few days. These fish tend to be on the shyer more cautious side of the spectrum. Once they are fully acclimated aquarium they can be an awesome fish to watch and observe. Many Rainford Gobies will pick and sand sift throughout the tank cleaning up some algae and eating micro-organisms between meals. They can also make small burrows under your rockwork for a place to sleep at night or hide when startled. In the wild they are constant grazers, pulling up hair algae and sand off the reef. These fish are great to help tidy up around your aquarium.
Let me know if you have any questions about your fish or any fish you may have seen at local aquarium stores. Your questions might become the next blog post.


Visteon Corporation revealed that the all-new Mercedes-Benz A-Class, scheduled to officially debut this week at the Paris Motor Show, will feature its industry-first SmartCore, an intelligent integrated cockpit domain controller using a single silicon chip with multiple central processing units (CPUs), which, the company claims, will provide "a truly digital user experience."
The Michigan-based automotive electronics developer and manufacturer said its SmartCore technology powers the vehicle's instrument cluster and infotainment displays through a seamless and intuitive human-machine interface (HMI), allowing drivers to personalize their experience with a simple swipe of the touchscreen, the touch pad or remote controls on the steering wheel.
The SmartCore user experience is based on two digital displays while the domain controller facilitates seamless instrument cluster, vehicle controls, multimedia, wireless Apple CarPlay, and Android Auto features. The system also incorporates multiple display modes that are user selectable, offering high levels of customization of the overall look and feel of the intelligent system.
Depending on the model variant, Visteon's SmartCore solution powers the free-standing driver and information display consisting of two 7-inch screens or one 7- and one 10.25-inch screen. It combines the high-resolution widescreen cockpit with touchscreen operation of the media display through the touchscreen, center console touchpad and the steering wheel's control buttons.
The in-car infotainment embeds tuner, multimedia and connectivity options such as Bluetooth, USB and Wi-Fi, and hands-free phone applications. Supporting a remote user interface, SmartCore enables the operation of wireless CarPlay, Android Auto and MirrorLink, as well as Baidu Carlife for the Chinese market.
Visteon operates four manufacturing facilities in Mexico, two in Chihuahua's state capital and two more in Reynosa, Tamaulipas. It also owns a Technical Center in Queretaro which develops user interfaces (UI) software for automotive applications.
Also in Queretaro, is located a plant of Yanfeng Interiors which supplies the instruments panel for the A-Class sedans that will start to roll out of Daimler's new plant in Aguascalientes. It's worth noting that Visteon used to own a stake in Yanfeng which it sold in 2013.
However, Visteon says that manufacturing of the SmartCore domain controller takes place at a facility in Portugal.


text:
The top-5 WWII movies to watch on Memorial Day
by Steve Balestrieri May 25, 2020
Memorial Day weekend is in full swing, coronavirus or not. Veterans' groups will be still heading out with some politicians and civic-minded people to pay tribute to those veterans who paid the ultimate sacrifice and gave up all of their tomorrows for our today.
On Memorial Day in my former town the local cable-access television station will be airing periodically a series of short two-three minute interviews with various vets. That was my last official act as the local Veterans Council commander. Veterans from the VFW, American Legion, and the council recorded the interviews. Mine was conducted about three hours before our move away trip.
One of our traditional pastimes on Memorial Day is to binge-watch military-themed films all day, but since we're sharing our in-laws home for a few days, we are going to limit it to just five films today. A few years ago we posted our favorite war films for Memorial Day and this year we'll add a few more. Since it is the 75th anniversary of the end of World War II this year, we picked five of our WWII favorites.
Saving Private Ryan (1998) starring Tom Hanks, Matt Damon, Tom Sizemore:
The film is an epic Steven Spielberg star-studded drama of the U.S. Army's mission to find and evacuate one paratrooper (Damon) of the 101st Airborne whose brothers were all killed in action. Hanks, Sizemore, and their squad (Edward Burns, Barry Pepper, Giovanni Ribisi, Vin Diesel, Adam Goldberg, and Jeremy Davies) from the 2nd Ranger Battalion get tasked with finding Pvt. Ryan. The movie is set on the backdrop of the Normandy landings on D-Day.
Loosely based on the story of the Niland brothers from New York, the film is considered one of the most powerful war films of all time. The riveting 27-minute opening sequence of the Rangers and the 29th Infantry Division soldiers landing on Omaha Beach became an instant classic film sequence. Spielberg made the beach landing so realistic, that many actual veterans from Omaha Beach, were forced to leave the theaters as it brought back too many vivid memories.
Spielberg spared no expense for the opening scene. He used over 1000 extras to storm the beaches of Normandy (filmed in Ireland) with water so cold, many of the actors had to wear wet suits beneath their uniforms. They also used more than 20 men with missing limbs who had thier prosthetic limbs blown off for the purposes of lending graphic realism to the film.
Twelve O'clock High (1949) starring Gregory Peck, Dean Jagger, Gary Merrill, Hugh Marlowe:
Another outstanding World War II drama centered around the early losses amongst the B-17 bomber crews flying daylight missions over Germany and occupied France during 1942. The 918th Bomb Group has a reputation as the "hard-luck group." After a particularly disastrous mission, a thinly veiled Schweinfurt raid reference, group commander Colonel Keith Davenport (Merrill) has become too emotionally attached to his unit and is relieved of command. General Frank Savage (Peck) is asked to take over.
Savage is modeled on the actual Colonel Frank Armstrong who commanded the 306th Bomb Group. Coincidentally, the 306th had the first B-17 crew, (Hell's Angels, commanded by Irl Baldwin that completed 25 missions successfully.)
Savage molds the 918th, after much pushback from the men, into a topflight combat air command. Hugh Marlowe is outstanding as is Peck as LTC Ben Gately, a pilot who was initially punished by Savage and given all the deadbeats in the group (his plane was called the Leper Colony). He later redeems himself by continuing to fly while having fractured vertebrae. Dean Jagger is also as solid as always playing Major Harry Stovall.
Stalag 17, (1953) starring William Holden in an Oscar-winning role, Don Taylor, Robert Strauss, Neville Brand, Harvey Lembeck, Peter Graves, and Otto Preminger:
Read Next: Texas veteran memorials destroyed in possible vandalism
Billy Wilder directed this excellent comedy-drama of a POW camp in Germany. Luftstalag 17 is a POW camp for Americans.
The most hated of all the POWs is a cynic hustler named Sefton (Holden), who openly trades with the Germans and has a ton of luxury items while most of the men are hungry and wearing rags.
When two prisoners are shot while escaping, the other POWs blame Sefton for being a rat. The Americans are convinced that there is a turncoat in their midst and Sefton is the easiest and most logical target — except, he knows who the actual turncoat is.
Robert Straus and Harvey Lembeck provide much of the comic relief as "Animal" and Harry Shapiro, two POWs who keep everyone else as light as can be depending on their circumstances. "Animal" is obsessed with Betty Grable and the Christmas Day drunken interaction with Shapiro is hilarious.
Tora, Tora, Tora (1970), starring an all-star cast of American and Japanese actors:
This was a tremendous war film that shows the leadup to the disastrous events at Pearl Harbor. It is shown from both the American and Japanese perspectives. With war drums beating, Japanese Admiral Yamamoto must plan for a sneak attack on the U.S., a country he knows well, having been to college there American fleet.
Yamamoto understands that a protracted war with America is a losing situation since the U.S.'s industrial might will win out in the end. He knows that Japan must strike a crippling blow to the U.S. and therefore tries to plan a devastating attack on the Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor.
The Americans have broken the Japanese diplomatic codes and are trying to piece together what the Japanese intentions are. The American intelligence officers try, unsuccessfully, to get the American defense chiefs to alert the Pearl Harbor defenses in time. The Japanese launch their attack early on the morning of December 7, 1941. However, their declaration of war, which was supposed to be delivered to the Americans 30 minutes before the attack began, was garbled and the translation time-consuming. It wasn't delivered until the attack was already over.
Although the Japanese achieved total surprise, the American aircraft carriers, the prime targets of the attack, were already out to sea. While seven battleships were either sunk or heavily damaged, it wasn't the death blow that Yamamoto planned on — or needed.
The film ends with Yamamoto's prophetic lament. He tells his staff that nothing would infuriate the U.S. more and concludes: "I fear all we have done is to awaken a sleeping giant and fill him with a terrible resolve."
Kelly's Heroes (1970) starring Clint Eastwood, Telly Savalas, Donald Sutherland, Carroll O'Connor, and Don Rickles:
Another comedy/drama about World War II, Kelly (Eastwood) captures a German officer who it turns out was transporting stolen gold from France back to Germany.
Kelly interrogates the German and learns that there is a cache of 14,000 gold bars, worth $16 million (over $230 million today), stored in a bank vault 30 miles behind enemy lines in the town of Clermont.
Kelly assembles an eclectic mix of characters from the 35th Infantry Division to go on a raid far behind enemy lines and hit the bank to steal the gold, not for the American army, but for themselves.
"Crapgame" (Rickles) is the hustler, who gets all of the equipment needed, while Oddball, (Sutherland) is a long-haired spaced-out tank commander who steals every scene he's in.
General Colt (O'Connor) is somewhat of a buffoon who believes that the heist is a breakthrough of his forces and rushes to catch up with the troops.
When the group gets to the town, three German Tiger tanks hold the bank and the ensuing firefight turns ugly and violent. With a standoff that threatens to blow the caper, Crapgame tells Kelly to make a deal with the German tank commander saying, "Maybe he's a Republican."
I hope everyone is safe and healthy today… Enjoy.
About Steve Balestrieri View All Posts
Texas veteran memorials destroyed in possible vandalism
Preserving the Greatest Generation and saving the stories of World War II combat veterans
In pictures: Building America's iconic monuments
'It's not for us but for them,' Memorial Day activities curtailed
Midway: Soaring battle scenes dominate epic WWII film
Veterans Day and How Military Service Changes Your Life


Introducing the incredible new Kimora Sequin Gown from our new collection. This gorgeous gown is everything a girl could dream of for her prom - figure-hugging, show-stopping sparkling sequins in a stand-out pattern unlike any other gown. Features of this gown include a V-neckline, low back and mermaid silhouette and train. The fabric is super stretchy & lined. Kimora can be custom made to your exact measurements & is available in more colours. E-mail info@anofficial.com if you would like this dress in a different colour!


The president of the European Commission has called for a European headquarters for a common EU military force in his annual State of the Union speech. Jean-Claude Juncker said Europe's 'soft' power' was no longer sufficient to meet the challenges of the modern world.
"We must have a European headquarters. We must also organize ourselves to work toward a common military force and this should be in complement with NATO. More European defense in Europe doesn't mean less transatlantic solidarity," he told European lawmakers meeting in Strasbourg Wednesday.
A common European Union military force was something Britain had long resisted, but its influence is already diminished following the June vote to leave the bloc. The U.K. has not been invited to Friday's informal summit of EU heads of state in Bratislava, Slovakia.
Describing the EU as not in "top condition," Juncker was frank about the challenges facing the bloc.
"I believe the next 12 months are decisive if we want to reunite our union, if we want to overcome the divisions between East and West, which have opened up in recent months," he said.
Those divisions threaten to overshadow Friday's summit, says Stephen Booth of policy group Open Europe.
Eastern member states, including Slovakia, have resisted Brussels' plans for a compulsory quota system to resettle refugees across the EU. The dispute escalated this week when Luxembourg's foreign minister said Hungary should be thrown out of the bloc for its hardline stance on the refugee crisis, which included erecting a border fence to keep out migrants.
"I am urging the Slovak presidency to bridge the divergences and differences between those who are reluctant to integrate refugees in their societies and those who are convinced, as I am, that the fair share in the relocation and resettlement is of the essence," Juncker told Members of the European Parliament.
The divergences between east and west go beyond the refugee crisis, says Stephen Booth.
"Particularly after the Brexit vote, the eastern European member states talk much more about sort of transferring power away from the institutions."
The fractures between east and west could be further underlined next month, when Hungary holds a referendum on whether to accept EU refugee quotas.


text:
SIAT is een historisch merk van hulpmotoren.

De bedrijfsnaam was: Societa Italiana di Applicazioni Tecniche, Senigallia.

SIAT was een Italiaans merk dat een 75 cc clip-on motor leverde. De productie startte in 1924 en werd in 1926 beëindigd.

Italiaans historisch motorfietsmerk


LOCATION: Filmed at Gateway Theatre in Edinburgh (01-02-70).
INCLUDES: Bowie plays the part of Cloud in this pantomime devised by Lindsay Kemp. He also contributed with the soundtrack for the programme (When I live My Dream/ Columbine / The Mirror / Threepenny Pierrot / When I Live My Dream-again). Other actors were Lindsay Kemp (Pierrot), Annie Stainer (Columbine), Jack Birkett (Harlequin) and Michael Garett (Piano Player). It was designed by Ken Wheatley and directed by Brian Mahoney.
ADDITIONAL FACTS: "The Looking Glass Murders" was originally titled "Another World" and it was a new adaptation of the play "Pierrot In Turquoise". Bowie had already played the part of Cloud in "Pierrot In Turquoise" together with the Lindsay Kemp Mime Group at a couple of theatres in 1968 (at Oxford Playhouse 28th December 1967, Rosehill Theatre in Whitehaven 3rd to 5th of January 1968, Mercury Theatre in London 5th to 16th of March 1968 and Intimate Theatre in London 26th to 30th of March 1968), so he was no stranger to the role.


text:
Arthur Mediation Services
The Power in the Decision Lies with You!
Arthur Mediation Services specializes in conflict resolution services for:
Civil Case Mediation
HOA & Property Management Mediation
We work with people across the country HELPING to resolve conflicts and disputes in an efficient, private and confidential manner and offer an initial FREE consultation. Our expert mediation services can help SAVE thousands of dollars in legal expenses such as attorney's fees and court costs…not to mention avoiding the EMOTIONAL anxiety and lost time associated with litigation and court appearances. We're PASSIONATE about HELPING people solve and arrive at equitable, fair and just resolutions. After careful evaluation of your case we construct a proposal that is beneficial for both parties all without a contentious and costly court room fight.
Our Goal: A "win-win" situation for all parties involved.
People have capacity to create their own solutions
Court should be the last resort to resolving conflict
Giving back to the community provides people with the building blocks for future development
WE CATER TO THOSE WHO WANT…
Their perspective heard
The ability to create their own sustainable agreement
To resolve all issues in a private and confidential manner
To avoid the hassle of court, expensive legal fees &/or a potential public record
What is a Mediator?
A mediator is a trained impartial third person who assists disputing parties in reaching an acceptable agreement or settlement which is devised solely by the parties. A mediator does not cast judgement, take "sides," offer solutions or decide outcomes for resolution. Rather, mediators should be highly skilled in helping the parties sift through facts, emotions and individual interests to help them clarify what issues need to be resolved. A mediator will utilize techniques in order to help parties create their own resolution. A mediator is in control of the process of mediation but the parties involved are in control of the outcome. A mediator can be hired by the court (court-ordered mediation) or any individual can choose to hire a mediator outside of the court (private mediation).
Mediation is a voluntary process whereby parties come together in a private setting to reach an agreement. Mediation can be binding or non-binding depending on the situation.
There are 2 types of Mediation:
Court-Ordered Mediation
Private Mediation
Differences between Court-Ordered Mediation and Private Mediation
Court-Ordered Mediation:
Is when a party has filed a claim in court. The court then orders the parties in that case to first attempt mediation to try to resolve their dispute before a trial can occur.
Can be an informal meeting among the parties or a scheduled settlement conference.
Is confidential from the court. Whether or not parties come to an agreement, settlement discussions cannot be discussed in court.
Is voluntary only after the parties have first tried to negotiate an agreement in mediation but decide that they would rather the court decide the outcome. This usually happens only when a party/both parties are very far apart and/or strongly opposed to a compromise.
is an alternative to going to court
goal of private mediation is to settle all your issues… not just the ones the court can judge
If one has an attorney they are welcome to attend
Meet Tracy Arthur, President & CEO
Tracy Arthur is an accomplished alternative dispute resolution (ADR) professional which stems from her unique personal, educational and professional background. She has over ten years' experience as a facilitator, trainer and mediator working with international and domestic leaders from the government sector, educational institutions, non-profit organizations and community groups.
She has helped companies address inter-departmental and cross-departmental issues, collaborated with businesses and educational institutions to develop effective employee retention strategies that measurably decreased attrition, thus saving them thousands of dollars.
Tracy has led hundreds of workplace training events that address such topics as conflict management, code of conduct, ethics, anti-harassment, cultural inclusion and diversity.


CED in 1969 : resolving conflicts over national goals : a report of activities in 1969.
New York : The Committee, 1970.
Text runs parallel with back of cover.
Add tags for "CED in 1969 : resolving conflicts over national goals : a report of activities in 1969.". Be the first.
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text:
Airbus BizLab (fundado el 9 de marzo de 2015 en Toulouse, Francia) es una lanzadera global del sector aeroespacial, donde colaboran con startups e intraemprendedores en proyectos e ideas relacionadas con dicho sector. En la actualidad, destaca por los fuertes lazos que ha creado con Microsoft Ventures, I-Lab, Orange Fab, Club Open Innovation, The Bridge by Coca-Cola, Beta-, etc.

Historia
A lo largo de los últimos dos años, se han acogido a esta iniciativa 29 startups y 17 proyectos internos de Airbus. El programa, que consta de seis meses, se desarrolla en tres localizaciones distintas: Toulouse (Francia), Hamburgo (Alemania) y Bangalore (India); creando de esta forma una red global de lanzaderas destinadas al desarrollo de proyectos.

Equipo BizLab
Un equipo de expertos de Airbus se dedicarán a tutelar los distintos proyectos durante la fase de desarrollo que para el programa se extiende hasta un máximo de seis meses.

Estos profesionales trabajarán con las startups en el diseño del plan de lanzamiento con los BizLabers. Así mismo, supervisan el plan estructurando las ideas de los propietarios del proyecto, persuadiéndolos sobre su posición futura de líder / gerente de negocios, proporcionando soluciones / fomentando nuevas formas de hacer, redoblando el progreso de los proyectos y la motivación del equipo.

En este rol, el experto asume un enfoque neutral. Escucha y proporciona a los BizLabers un conjunto de ideas que le permiten tomar decisiones sobre el entorno actual.

Bajo demanda, los 150 expertos de Airbus suministrarán consejos técnicos y comerciales en sus respectivos dominios.

Los tutores, como Senior Top Manager / Successful entrepreneur, serán el instrumento para el desarrollo personal y profesional de BizLabers debido a la transferencia de conocimiento, redes y asesoramiento.

Campus de trabajo
Actualmente la plataforma se encuentra involucrada en varios proyectos asistidos en dos campus diferentes:

Campus de Hamburgo

 Artisense (Palo Alto, USA): Sensores inteligentes para el mapeo y visión computerizada.

 Alula (Miami, USA): Transmisión en tiempo real del vuelo y datos de mantenimiento  durante el vuelo gracias a unas antenas situadas en tierra.

 Aerial Industries (Nigeria): Desarrollan drones optimizados que pueden operar en países emergentes.
 Holo One (Switzerland): Plataforma de realidad aumentada que permite a las compañías para mapear sus datos y procesarlos en AR.
 Neuron SW (Czech Republic): Con la ayuda de sensores de audio se detectan defectos en máquinas

Campus de Toulouse

 Bizpay (UK):  Permite a los clientes comprar billetes en aerolíneas a plazos aumentando la capacidad de mercado de las líneas aéreas.
 BroatBit Batteries (Finlandia): Desarrollo de baterías de sodio low cost con mejor rendimiento, escalabilidad, seguridad y menos contaminantes en compraración con las baterías de litio.
 Iridium Dynamics (Australia): Se encuentra en el desarrollo del `Halo` un vehículo de despegue vertical, añadiendo la capacidad de mantenerse en vuelo estático en aeronaves de ala fija.
 VRnam (Vietnam): Desarrollan una aplicación VR para que alumnos puedan entrenar flujos y procedimientos en una cabina virtual.

BLADE Flight Lab de Airbus
Denominado como proyecto BLADE - un acrónimo de Breakthrough Laminar Aircraft Demonstrator on Europe - este esfuerzo de investigación utiliza el primer avión A340 producido por Airbus, con sus alas exteriores reemplazadas con paneles de ala laminares de aproximadamente 10 metros de largo. Estos paneles representan aproximadamente dos tercios del tamaño del ala en un avión comercial de corto o mediano alcance, para lo cual se considera que la tecnología de flujo laminar es la más adecuada.

Proyecto de agricultura inteligente en África
El tipo de tecnología avanzada basada en drones que empresas como Aerial Industries, con sede en Lagos, Nigeria, están inyectando en el sector agrícola de África podría tener un impacto en la producción de alimentos y mejorar vidas. Sus esfuerzos cuentan con el apoyo de Airbus.

Referencias

BizLab


After too much time away, I've decided to return to my blog, and perhaps try to make it last a bit longer. I'm hoping to balance it with a freelance writing career, at least until I can get a staff position somewhere (and hopefully after). I just need to bite the bullet and write, and publish, and promote the blog, come what may. I'm being brave.
I'm going to start by posting some of the recent pieces I've written for my classes at UCLA Extension, starting with a review of the wonderful experimental cellist, Zoë Keating. I first saw her perform on JoCo Cruise Crazy 3, the amazing nerd cruise I've attended the past three years. She blew me away. I had heard her recordings, but really didn't have a good concept of how she created her music, so to see it live was incredible. I was so inspired that I knew I just had to write about her.
She is performing at the Largo in Los Angeles tonight (September 12, 2013), and while I'm not able to attend, I thought I'd relive the concert on the cruise through this review.
I hope you enjoy it, and absolutely see Zoë perform when you can.


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The Duke Trophy is an annual inter-state short track speed skating competition in Australia.

History
The Duke Trophy was made in 1952 and donated to the Australian Amateur Ice Racing Council by Len Duke, the first Secretary/Treasurer of the AAIRC, with the help of an old school friend Dave Morgan. Both started skating at St Moritz Ice Palais in St Kilda in June 1946 and eventually represented Victoria in interstate competition.

There had been interstate racing between NSW and Victoria for many years, initially managed by the Ice Hockey Association as an additional attraction to the interstate hockey matches at the time, however there was nothing tangible to record the winning teams in these competitions. By 1951 the AAIRC was formed and had separate associations for Speed Skating in Victoria and New South Wales and even for a short time in Tasmania, which was the venue for the 1952 Australian Championships. Duke felt there should be a dedicated trophy for Interstate Racing, especially after the Victorian team was very successful in Hobart in 1952.

The resulting award was named and inscribed "The Australian Amateur Ice Racing Council Trophy for Interstate Racing". The trophy features a silver statuette of a skater on the top, mirroring the design of the Australian Championship award that Duke had won the year before. Around 1957 it was suggested that the interstate racing trophy be renamed the "Duke Trophy" to keep his name in the sport following his retirement.

Duke's own 1951 Australian Championship trophy featured a silver speed skater mounted on a globe of the world. This trophy was donated back to the VSSU (which later became VIRA) after Len's death, and has since been made into the best and fairest award for the Duke Trophy competition.

In early days of the competition, the tournament was run on the Queen's Birthday weekend in June. It was later moved to the last weekend of July. In 2014, however, competitors and officials recognized that this time was poorly suited to the international competition season, resulting in many elite skaters being unavailable to compete in the Duke Trophy. Plans are currently underway to move the date to September from 2016 onwards, placing the competition at the end of the speed skating season.

Format of the competition
The original format was a competition between 6 senior men and 2 junior men with races ranging
from quarter mile, through half mile to 1 mile. Two skaters per State competed in each race,
except for the 1 mile in which there were three skaters per state. The Juniors skated quarter and
half mile only, then there was also a 2-mile Relay for the seniors. By 1955 a 2-mile race for
Seniors was included. The whole program was held over a half hour period on the last night of
the Australian Championships.

Ladies came later in the early 1960s – initially there were only three – with a special trophy for
the Ladies Relay donated by Teddi Jenkins of Victoria, a previous Victorian and National titleholder.

Due to numerous factors, including a marked decline in the number of competitive skaters in some states, Australian Ice Racing officials worked during 2014 and 2015 to amend the rules and format of the competition. The new rules took effect in 2015, with the aim of promoting competition, accessibility and excitement whilst minimizing potential imbalance in team sizes.

The current format, hosted across two days, sees skaters in five age categories compete over a range of distances (now measured in metric) from 222m to 3000m. The competition also includes 1500m, 3000m and 5000m relays. Points are awarded to state teams based on the finishing order of each race. The overall points winners are awarded the Duke Trophy, with additional awards given to the individual skaters deemed "best and fairest" or "most improved".

Rules allow for "Vacant Position Skaters" to fill the field in the event that any state lack a competitor for a given race - this ruling allows for all races to be run with a full field, as well as providing the VP skaters with competition experience. VP Skaters cannot earn points for their state.

Under the new rules, women do not skate in separate divisions; all races are mixed gender. In order to encourage women to participate, female skaters are awarded 125% of normal points for every placing.

Awards
The eponymous Duke Trophy is awarded to the state team with the highest overall score.

In addition to the Duke Trophy itself, a number of other perpetual trophies are awarded in the competition:
The Len Duke Best & Fairest Award. This trophy was originally the 1951 Australian Championship Award won by Len Duke. It was rediscovered and donated back to the competition by the Duke family in the early 2000s to be repurposed as a perpetual award presented to the skater deemed to have achieved the best performance through honourable participation.
The Colin Coates Spirit of the Duke Award. This trophy, donated in 2002 by Australian Olympian Colin Coates, is presented to the skater deemed to have promoted the sport and captured the spirit of the competition.
The Denis Pennington Most Improved Award presented to the competitor displaying the greatest improvement in speed and/or technique. In exceptional circumstances, more than one skater can share this award: In 2015, the Pennington Blades was presented to the entire Victorian state team, having secured their first Duke Trophy win for 30 years.
The Teddi Jenkins Shield is presented to the winning ladies' relay team. From 2015, all races were open to racers of either gender, and the Teddi Jenkins Shield was not awarded.

Due to their age and fragile condition, attempts have been made in recent years to limit the transportation of the physical awards. They are therefore kept and maintained in Queensland, and not taken to the winning state between competitions.

Results

Note that the competition was not held in 2013 due to many competitors making preparations for the competitive season and upcoming winter olympics.

See also
 Sport in Australia

References

External links
 Australian Amateur Ice Racing Council

1952 establishments in Australia
Recurring sporting events established in 1952
Short track speed skating competitions
Winter sports in Australia
Sports competitions in Australia
Speed skating in Australia


Advisory group members are expected to have a say in who will be the Government's first chief technology officer.
Broadcasting, communications, digital media and government digital services minister Clare Curran has named eight out of 14 members of the Government's digital economy and digital inclusion advisory group.
Frances Valintine, the founder and chair at The Mind Lab and founder and CEO of Tech Futures Lab, will chair the group, which will advise the Government on how it can build the digital economy and reduce digital divides.
Membership of the group will change over time, and additional subject-matter experts may be called upon to advise the group as its work develops, Curran said.
"This Government wants to see every New Zealander able to participate fully in our society and it's clear that our future will be a digital-rich world," she said. "The economy and everyday interactions will be increasingly driven or supported by digital technology."
Chris O'Connell, director of Heartland Connectivity Taskforce, extensively involved with broadband rollout.
Over 300 people applied for positions in the group. Curran said she hoped the first eight members will assist in the selection process for the remaining seven as well as for the government's first chief technology officer (CTO).
The Government began a search for a CTO in December.
"It is in this spirit of openness and dynamism that I hope they will approach their ongoing work to develop a blueprint for digital inclusion and digital enablement," she added. "Members will be reaching back into their communities for broader input and innovation rather than a more traditional monthly attendance at a meeting.
"What we need is a highly collaborative team who see their own stakeholders, colleagues, communities and the public, as virtual members of the group."