text:
Q: When the sum of Markov chains is a Markov chain: "dumb" algorithm Suppose I have two (independent) discrete-time and space, preferably non-homogeneous Markov chains $\Gamma^{(i)}=\{\gamma_1^{(i)},\gamma_2^{(i)},...\}, \ i=1,2$ and I want to find a way to check when the sum $\Gamma=\{\gamma_1,\gamma_2,..\}, \ \text{where} \ \gamma_j= \gamma_j^{(1)}+\gamma_j^{(2)}, \ j=1,2,...$, is a Markov chain.
I have found an article in Russian (unfortunately, I couldn't find an English publication) link where the conditions were derived for the chains defined on a finite additive group.
I think that the part of the proof of Theorem 1 fits general case with a (finite) Markov chain on $\mathbb{Z}$.
I have added the translation of the beginning of the article containing Theorem 1 and corresponding definitions at the bottom of the question.
My idea (just a copy of the part of the Theorem 1 proof) looks as follows:
According to the Theorem 6.3.2 from Kemeny,Snell: Finite Markov Chains (lumpability) sequence $\Gamma$ will be a Markov chain if and only if
$$P\{ \gamma_{j+1} = \gamma_{j+1}^{(1)}+\gamma_{j+1}^{(2)} = h, \ | \  \gamma_j^{(1)}=g_1, \gamma_j^{(2)}=g_2 \}=p(g,h), \ g=g_1+g_2$$
For every $g_1,g_2,g=g_1+g_2,h \in E$ - state space of the new chain $\Gamma$ , $p(g,h)$ - it's transition probabilities.
(?) Chapman-Kolmogorov equations (?) allow us to write:
For every fixed $h,g_i,\sigma_i \in E, \ i=1,2 : \ g_1+g_2=\sigma_1+\sigma_2 $
holds:
$$\sum p^{(1)}(g_1,h_1)p^{(2)}(g_2,h_2)=\sum p^{(1)}(\sigma_1,h_1)p^{(2)}(\sigma_2,h_2)$$
where the sum is taken over all the $h_1,h_2 \in E: \ h_1+h_2=h$;  $p^{(i)}$ are the transition probabilities of the chains $\Gamma^{(i)}$.
Let's take a look how it will look like for the simple case of two Markov chains that are sums of i.i.d. random variables with distribution
$$P(X_j^{(1)} = 1)=p, \ P(X_j^{(1)}=-1)=1-p, \ \gamma^{(1)}_k = \sum_{j=1}^k X^{(1)}_j.$$
Let's take this "decomposition" of transition probability $p(x,x)$ for some state $x$ of the result chain $\Gamma$, let $g=h=x$ and $g_1=1, \ g_2=x-1; \sigma_1=2, \sigma_2=x-2$ and write non-zero parts of the sums above:
$$p^{(1)}(1,0)p^{(2)}(x-1,x)+p^{(1)}(1,2)p^{(2)}(x-1,x-2)=p^{(1)}(2,1)p^{(2)}(x-2,x-1)+p^{(1)}(2,3)p^{(2)}(x-2,x-3)$$
$$(1-p)p + p(1-p) = (1-p)p + p(1-p)$$
Thus, in general case, the program will: for every possible transition probability $p(g,h)$ of the resulting chain $\Gamma$, pass all possible pairs of different sums $g=g_1+g_2$ and $g=\sigma_1+\sigma_2$, for every pair passing all possible sums $h=h_1+h_2$.
(Well, it will be very hard for a big chain, but at least something).
So, the question is:

*

*is it correct;

*why exactly (2) is equal to (3) in the theorem below;

*which classes of Markov chains can be used here: I think it is possible to take non-homogeneous and dependent chains;

*are there any improvements, maybe for some specific chains?
(I apologize for any unspotted mistakes in this big post)

Part of the article:
Let $\Gamma^{(i)}=\{\gamma_1^{(i)},\gamma_2^{(i)},...\},i=1,...,s$
be independent realizations of simple homogeneous Markov chains on a finite additive group $G$ with transition probability matrices
$\pi^{(i)}=\|p^{(i)}(g,h)\|,g,h \in G,i=1,2,..,s.$
Let's define
$\Gamma=\{\gamma_1,\gamma_2,..\}$, where $\gamma_j=\sum_{i=1}^s \gamma_j^{(i)},j=1,2,...$
We are interested in conditions when $\Gamma$ is a simple homogeneous Markov chain with some matrix of transition probabilities
$$\pi=\|p(g,h) \|,g,h \in G$$
that does not depend on initial distribution of chains $\Gamma^{(i)}$ (i.e. on distribution of variables $\gamma_1^{(i)},i=1,2,...,s$).
Every line of the matrix $\pi^{(i)}=\|p^{(i)}(g,h)\|$ corresponds to the some element (which we will call a characteristic function of the line) of a group algebra $DG$:
$$p^{(i)}(g) = \sum_{h \in G}p^{(i)}(g,h)\cdot h,$$
where $D$ is a field of real or rational numbers (definition of a group algebra was taken from Curtis, Reiner: Representation Theory of Finite Groups and Associative Algebras).
Theorem 1. Elements of a sequence $\Gamma$ form a simple homogeneous Markov chain with a some transition matrix $\pi=\|p(g,h) \|$ that does not depend on an initial distribution of chains $\Gamma^{(i)}$ when and only when in algebra $DG$ for any elements $g_i,\sigma_i,i=1,..,s$ of a group $G$ such that
$$\sum_{i=1}^s g_i = \sum_{i=1}^s \sigma_i,$$
holds
\begin{equation}
\prod_{i=1}^s p^{(i)}(g_i)=\prod_{i=1}^s p^{(i)}(\sigma_i).\tag{1}
\end{equation}
If equality (1) holds then
$p(g)=\sum_{h \in G}p(g,h)\cdot h$,  and  $p^{(i)}(g_i)$
are connected in $DG$ in the following way:
$$p(g)=\prod_{i=1}^s p^{(i)}(g_i),\ \sum_{i=1}^s g_i = g.$$
Proof
According to the Theorem 6.3.2 from Kemeny,Snell: Finite Markov Chains (combining states) sequence $\Gamma$ will be a Markov chain if and only if
\begin{equation}
P\{\sum_{i=1}^s \gamma_{j+1}^{(i)}=h | \gamma_j^{(1)}=g_1,...,\gamma_j^{(s)}=g_s \} = p(g,h)\tag{2}
\end{equation}
for every
$$g_1,...,g_s,h \in G, \ g = \sum_{i=1}^s g_i, \ j=1,2,...$$
Conditions (2) are equal to:
for every fixed $h,g_i,\sigma_i \in G, \ i=1,2,...,s, \ \sum_{i=1}^s g_i = \sum_{i=1}^s \sigma_i$,
holds
\begin{equation}
\sum p^{(1)}(g_1,h_1)...p^{(s)}(g_s,h_s)=\sum p^{(1)}(\sigma_1,h_1)...p^{(s)}(\sigma_s,h_s),\tag{3}
\end{equation}
where the sum is taken over all
$$h_1,...,h_s  \in G, \ \sum_{i=1}^s h_i = h.$$
But the thing in the left (right) part of the equality (3) is the coefficient before $h \in G$ of the element $\prod_{i=1}^s p^{(i)}(g_i)$(or $\prod_{i=1}^s p^{(i)}(\sigma_i)$) of the group algebra $DG$, which finishes the proof.

EDIT: I tried to write some program for this; it seems to work for the following examples:
-sum of two identical chains $X_n=X \ \forall n, \ P(X=0)=P(X=1)=0.5$ (is Markov);
-counterexample from my previous question;
The code:
#include "math.h"
#include "iostream"
#include "fstream"

using namespace std;

const int n = 3; //dimensions of the matrix

typedef struct prob_matrix{
    double data[n][n]; //if the matrices have different dimensions,
//we fill space with 0
    int minvalue;
//states of the chain, i.e. matrix 3x3 may represent
//a chain with state space {-1,0,1}
    int maxvalue;
};

//Loading matrices from file;
void LoadMatrix(prob_matrix& mat,char* filename) {
  int x, y;
  ifstream in(filename);

  if (!in) {
    cout << "Cannot open file.\n";
    return;
  }

  in >> mat.minvalue;
  in >> mat.maxvalue;

  for (y = 0; y < n; y++) {
    for (x = 0; x < n; x++) {
      in >> mat.data[y][x];
    }
  }

  in.close();

}

void PrintMatrix(prob_matrix& mat) {
  for(unsigned d = 0; d < n; ++d)
  {
    for(unsigned c = 0; c < n; ++c)
      cout << mat.data[d][c]<<"  ";
    cout<<endl;
  }
  cout<<endl;
}

int main(){

    //loading data
    prob_matrix chain1;
    LoadMatrix(chain1,"Chain1.txt");

    prob_matrix chain2;
    LoadMatrix(chain2,"Chain2.txt");

    PrintMatrix(chain1);
    PrintMatrix(chain2);

    bool errorflag = 1;

    ofstream outputfile;
    outputfile.open("output.txt");
    //begin loop
    //as long as both chains are finite with max state =n,
    //the result chain has it's max state =2n
    //state space E = [-2n;2*n]

    for (int g=-2*n; g<=2*n;++g){
    //looping all possible transition probabilities p(g,h)
        for (int h=-2*n;h<=2*n;h++){// on E: from -2n to 2n

         outputfile<<"g="<<g<<" "<<"h="<<h<<endl;
         for (int g1=chain1.minvalue; g1<=chain1.maxvalue;g1++){
         //partitioning g = g1+g2 on [-2*n.2*n]; not optimal, just for demonstration
             int g2=g-g1;           //state space for chain1
             if (g2>=chain2.minvalue && g2<=chain2.maxvalue) {//state space for chain2
                 outputfile<<"--(g1+g2)"<<g1<<"+"<<g2<<"="<<g<<endl;

                 for (int s1=chain1.minvalue; s1<=chain1.maxvalue;s1++){
                 //partitioning g = s1+s2 on [-2*n,2*n]
                    int s2=g-s1;
                    if (s2>=chain2.minvalue && s2<=chain2.maxvalue){
                        outputfile<<"----(s1+s2)"<<s1<<"+"<<s2<<"="<<g<<endl;
                        double sum1=0;
                        double sum2=0;
                        double temp1;
                        double temp2;

                        for(int h1=chain1.minvalue;h1<=chain1.maxvalue;h1++){
                        //partitioning h=h+h2; h1 from state space of chain1
                            int h2=h-h1;
                            if (h2>=chain2.minvalue && h2<=chain2.maxvalue){
                            //h2 from state space of chain2
                                outputfile<<"------(h1+h2)"<<h1<<"+"<<h2<<"="<<h<<endl;
        temp1 = (chain1.data[g1-chain1.minvalue][h1-chain1.minvalue])*(chain2.data[g2-chain2.minvalue][h2-chain2.minvalue]);
        //state-minvalue = matrix coordinates
        temp2 = (chain1.data[s1-chain1.minvalue][h1-chain1.minvalue])*(chain2.data[s2-chain2.minvalue][h2-chain2.minvalue]);
        sum1=sum1+temp1;
        sum2=sum2+temp2;

                            }
                        }
                        outputfile<<sum1<<" = "<<sum2<<endl;
                        if (sum1!=sum2) {outputfile<<"mismatch"<<endl;errorflag=0;}

                    }

                 }

             }

         }

        }
    }
    outputfile<<endl<<"exit code: "<<errorflag<<endl;
    outputfile.close();
    cout<<endl<<"exit code: "<<errorflag<<endl;

    return 0;
}

Usage: files Chain1.txt and Chain2.txt contain matrices and min and max states of the chain (e.g. -1 and 1); If matrices have different dimensions, they are filled with 0's at right and bottom;
In the code:
const int n = 2;

two identical chains:
0 1
0.5 0.5
0.5 0.5

Output:
0.5  0.5
0.5  0.5

0.5  0.5
0.5  0.5

exit code: 1

From the counterexample above:
const int n = 3;

Chain1.txt:
0 1
0.5 0.5 0
0.5 0.5 0
0 0 0

Chain2.txt:
-1 1
0.25 0.75 0
0.25 0.5 0.25
0 0.75 0.25

Output:
0.5  0.5  0
0.5  0.5  0
0  0  0

0.25  0.75  0
0.25  0.5  0.25
0  0.75  0.25

exit code: 0

File output.txt contains full log of calculations.


After centuries of certainty that the stability of the status quo should be upheld, and that social cohesiveness was foundational, the last quarter of the seventeenth century witnessed an upheaval in attitudes. The disruption of the American and French Revolutions accentuated the Romantic bid for self expression as opposed to reflecting the reason of the community.
Society's need for individuals to do their duty to family and neighbours is illustrated through Anne's acts of charity throughout the novel.
'she began to reason with herself, and try to be feeling less ….
Wentworth also struggles with his composure when he finds himself unexpectedly alone with Anne, and when Louisa gets hurt.
Being entirely governed by emotion and impulse has its dangers, as can be seen in the headstrong desire of Louisa to jump off the Cobb. It is worth noting that part of Louisa's later maturity is demonstrated as emotional restraint and subdued behaviour (much like Marianne in Sense and Sensibility). Upon learning that Benwick indulges his feelings of grief through the reading of poetry, Anne prescribes literature more grounded in reason.
At the same time, Anne criticises William Elliot for his absolute control of emotion which doesn't allow any 'burst of feeling' and prevents him from exhibiting the openness which she prizes (Ch. 17 / Vol. 2, Ch. 5).


UNCG celebrated Founders Day Monday, Oct. 5, to remember the legacy of Charles Duncan McIver, the university's first president. UNCG was founded in 1891 and opened as the State Normal and Industrial School on Oct. 5, 1892.
Kenny Smith visits entrepreneur Don Ames to work on marketing materials for his fretwork business. Ames has been a part of the program since its start in 2011.
Write-On Greensboro, coordinated by MFA students, partners with groups in the community to help people tell their story and then publish their work.
With close to $130 million in construction projects, UNCG aims to offer that business to as many qualified contractors as possible.


text:
Connecting Foreign Policy to Domestic Politics in the United States
About ReThinking Foreign Policy and Mitchell Plitnick
Contact Mitchell
The Latest Cutting Through Newsletter
J Street's Modest Recommendations for Biden on Israel-Palestine
Impeachment and the 25th Amendment Won't Work, But There Is Something That Will
Obama, Palestine, and Defund the Police
Another Round of Israeli Elelctions
Bibi's new far right election foe poses challenge to Biden
Why is Ali Dawabsheh Dead? On Price Tag Attacks
Posted on: August 4, 2015 Posted by: Mitchell Plitnick Comments: 0
Tags: Ali Dawabsheh, B'Tselem, Beit El, Benjamin Netanyahu, High Court in Israel, ICC, Jerusalem, Jewish Terrorism, Mahmoud Abbas, Noam Sheizaf, Price tag, Settlements
Ali Saad Dawabsheh was only 18 months old when Israeli settlers who entered his village of Douma to carry out a so-called "price tag" attack took his life away by setting fire to his home. The crime brought shock and horror to many, regardless of their views of the overall Israel-Palestinian conflict.
But the reality is that this death is very much a part of that conflict. It cannot be understood apart from it. It is not anomalous. Ali was far from the first baby killed in this conflict, on either side.
Is it possible for this tragedy to move us closer to resolving the conflict? Is it possible that, even without ultimately resolving the major political issues we can make it more difficult for an atrocity like this to occur? Perhaps it is, if we ask one important question and make sure we get all the answers to it.It is no surprise that such a horrifying act leads people to say "something more must be done." But, of course, the conflict will not end over this incident. In a matter of weeks, Ali's death will be just one more tragedy in a long list of tragedies in Israel-Palestine.
Why is Ali Dawabsheh dead?
Ali and his family were in their home at night when arsonists set it on fire. Ali's parents and four year-old brother suffered severe burns and Ali died. The attackers spray-painted the word "nekama" in Hebrew on the resident. The word means "revenge."
Until the murderers are caught, we cannot be certain, but it is likely that this "price tag" attack was carried out in response to Israel's demolition of two structures in the settlement of Beit El on the West Bank. After the High Court in Israel ordered their demolition, the Netanyahu government immediately granted permits for hundreds of new living units in Beit El and the East Jerusalem area. This, however, was apparently not enough compensation for those who carried out this heinous act.
Given the shocking nature of the crime, the Israeli government will likely put considerable resources toward identifying and arresting the perpetrators. However, on a day-to-day basis, Palestinians in the West Bank have no protection from settlers. Israeli Defense Forces and Border Police often do not prevent settler attacks on Palestinians. It's not uncommon to see them protecting settlers as they attack Palestinians.
Moreover, the forces of the Palestinian Authority have no jurisdiction over settlers and cannot protect their own citizens from them. Settlers in general feel they may act with impunity. As the Israeli human rights group, B'Tselem states, "In recent years, Israeli civilians set fire to dozens of Palestinian homes, mosques, businesses, agricultural land and vehicles in the West Bank. The vast majority of these cases were never solved, and in many of them the Israeli Police did not even bother to take elementary investigative actions."
In the wake of Ali's death, the rush to express outrage was staggering. Israeli politicians across the spectrum vowed that the murderers would be brought to justice. No doubt, they are sincere in their personal outrage and in the desire to show Israelis and the rest of the world that this is something they will not tolerate as leaders.
But their comments are universally directed at the crime itself, implying that this act was an anomalous blot on the Israeli page with no cause other than hate and extremism. The words not only of Benjamin Netanyahu, Naftali Bennett and other leaders of the current government, but also those of opposition leaders Isaac Herzog and Yair Lapid make no connection between Ali's murder and the occupation, the settlement project or the increasingly anti-Arab tone of many of Israel's leaders.
There was scant mention of the tolerance shown to the extreme right of the settler movement over the years. As Amos Harel put it in Ha'aretz, "The forgiveness the state has shown over many long years toward the violence of the extreme right – which was also evident this week at Beit El (none of those attacking the police are now in detention) – is also what makes possible the murderous hate crimes like Friday's in the village of Douma. There is a price for the gentle hand."
The decision to build hundreds of units in Beit El and East Jerusalem sent a message that the government would find ways to make the rulings of the High Court against illegal building moot in all practical ways. The bigger message that was sent in the wake of protests in Beit El where Israeli soldiers were attacked was this: violence pays, at least for the settlers.
The occupation and settlement program are themselves a form of daily violence that dispossess Palestinians, place them under military rule and deprive them of their basic rights. It may not be easy to end the occupation, but the casual way many in Israel have turned to "managing the conflict" and given up on ending the occupation sends the message that such institutionalized violence by Israel against Palestinians is at least tolerable. Why would anyone be surprised that the more radical elements among settlers would take that a few steps further?
In the wake of Ali's death, Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas called for the International Criminal Court (ICC) to investigate this act as a war crime. But this was an act of civilian murder, even if the civilian(s) who committed it was living in a settlement deemed illegal under international law. Moreover, the ICC would not act if Israel were legitimately pursuing the perpetrators, which it certainly seems like it is doing. Politicizing Ali's death in this manner is typical of the conflict, and thoroughly counter-productive.
Indeed, mixed in with his words of outrage, Netanyahu also could not resist politicizing it in his own way by saying that Israel pursues such criminals while Palestinians name streets after them (In reality, Israel celebrates its own terrorists too). This was an opportunity for the two leaders to unite in condemning a crime and calling for justice. Instead, both took it as an opportunity to aggravate the differences between them.
While this goes on, members of the United States Congress works to legitimize the settlement enterprise by equating it under the law with Israel itself. The White House is focused on the Iran nuclear deal and it is not yet clear what, if any action the current administration might take to improve the situation in Israel-Palestine before they leave office. In Europe, merely labeling products emanating from settlements is so controversial that the process of setting up an enforcement mechanism for a regulation that already exists in European Union law is dragging along at a snail's pace.
Without ending the occupation of the West Bank, it is only a matter of time before the next horrifying incident, whether it happens to a Palestinian or an Israeli child. As Noam Sheizaf of +972 Magazine wrote, "…violence is inseparable from the colonial reality in the occupied territories — without putting an end to that reality, there is no chance to properly deal with violence. Even if things cool down temporarily, the situation will only grow worse in the long run. The only solutions are the evacuation of settlements or equal rights for all."
And ultimately, Sheizaf's words are the answer to the all important question:
What can we do to prevent more deaths like Ali Dawabsheh's?
Ultimately, there is no way to stop these incidents without ending the occupation and the daily reality of privileged and protected Israeli settlers living in a Palestinian territory mostly populated by people who live under military occupation.
However, this crime was entirely predictable. Crimes like it can be prevented, at least some of the time, and it does not require an end to the conflict to do so.
Until the conflict is resolved, Israel must meet its responsibilities to protect Palestinian civilians from settlers. Both Israelis and Palestinians can treat incidents like this one as the crimes they are and refrain from politicizing them, allowing both sides to condemn them unreservedly and in unison. Finally, the United States and Europe can stop equivocating and insist that the settlement project stop immediately, and be prepared to put real pressure on Israel to make it happen.
Ali's death can be a wake up call, or it can be just another horrible story among decades of horrible stories. Which it will be will depend as much on people's willingness to pressure their own governments in a productive direction as it will on those governments, in Jerusalem, Ramallah, Brussels and Washington, finding the courage to finally act. Some Israeli settlers would condemn Ali's murder. But until the occupation and the settlement project end, tragedies like this on are inevitable. If there is to be any hope of preventing them, it has to start with people standing up to finally say "NO" to the settlements and to force their governments to do likewise.
Yeshayahu Leibowitz: I Told You So
Iran Nuclear Deal Realities: A Response to AIPAC
All materials are copyright (c) Mitchell Plitnick, 2010-, Reprints by permission of owner only, all rights reserved. | Theme by Spiracle Themes

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


"Distinct Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Subtypes Contribute to Stab" by Megan C. Wright, Srilatha Potluri et al.
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) modulate synaptic function, but whether they influence synaptic structure remains unknown. At neuromuscular junctions (NMJs), mAChRs have been implicated in compensatory sprouting of axon terminals in paralyzed or denervated muscles. Here we used pharmacological and genetic inhibition and localization studies of mAChR subtypes at mouse NMJs to demonstrate their roles in synaptic stability and growth but not in compensatory sprouting. M2mAChRs were present solely in motor neurons, whereas M1, M3, and M5 mAChRs were associated with Schwann cells and/or muscle fibers. Blockade of all five mAChR subtypes with atropine evoked pronounced effects, including terminal sprouting, terminal withdrawal, and muscle fiber atrophy. In contrast, methoctramine, an M2/4-preferring antagonist, induced terminal sprouting and terminal withdrawal, but no muscle fiber atrophy. Consistent with this observation, M2−/− but no other mAChR mutant mice exhibited spontaneous sprouting accompanied by extensive loss of parental terminal arbors. Terminal sprouting, however, seemed not to be the causative defect because partial loss of terminal branches was common even in the M2−/− NMJs without sprouting. Moreover, compensatory sprouting after paralysis or partial denervation was normal in mice deficient in M2 or other mAChR subtypes. We also found that many NMJs of M5−/− mice were exceptionally small and reduced in proportion to the size of parental muscle fibers. These findings show that axon terminals are unstable without M2 and that muscle fiber growth is defective without M5. Subtype-specific muscarinic signaling provides a novel means for coordinating activity-dependent development and maintenance of the tripartite synapse.
Wright, M. C., Potluri, S., Wang, X., Dentcheva, E., Gautam, D., Tessler, A., Wess, J., Rich, M. M., & Son, Y. (2009). Distinct Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Subtypes Contribute to Stability and Growth, But Not Compensatory Plasticity, of Neuromuscular Synapses. The Journal of Neuroscience, 29 (47), 14942-14955.


Please join us for a special luncheon to present the Excellence in Free Enterprise award to Mike Duke, retired president and CEO of Walmart Stores, Inc. Mike is a global leader who understands the power of free enterprise to improve the lives of people across the world. Your support of this event will allow Economic Arkansas to provide economic education to K-12 teachers and students in Northwest Arkansas.
Mike Huckabee, former Arkansas governor, will deliver the keynote address.
Pre-event reception for major sponsors.
Sponsorships available starting at $1,000.
To reserve your seats or to sponsor tables, click here.


I wish I had a set of Clarendon metal type.I've been trying to find materials to use to make type. Potatoes seemed like a good idea, but they are too wet and hard to carve. Other materials tested include: yoga mat, cardboard, foamcore, arts & crafts foam (this seemed to work the best). I am obsessed with this undertaking. If anyone has any ideas bring them on!
This entry was posted on	February 9, 2010 at 9:51 pm	and is filed under typography.
Oh, this looks like fun! Nina will have ideas, I think, since she's been into printmaking. I want to learn printmaking so if you would be game to host a printmaking session taught by Nina, that would be so much fun!
Have you tried linoleum? It's pretty cheap and very easy to cut using linocutting tools. Styrofoam is also fun and super cheap. Ive never used those methods on western paper though so I don't know if it would create the nice debossing effect of letterpress. I'll ask at work for you on Friday. Neat project Lara!!


You are an Entrepreneur… – CachedIdeas – Ideas on the Go!
if you have a keen eye for detail.
if your mind is racing even under a shower.
if a mistake brings a smile instead of a frown.
if you snub your boss if you think he is wrong and/or, even more importantly, if you are convinced you know the right way of doing things.
if you pick on wrong things that are not in your domain, even if it means the way a mail should be drafted to a candidate whom your company just rejected.
if you understand that you cannot do everything by yourself and teamwork is more important than individual brilliance.
if tomorrow is always important than today.
if risk is always exciting than security.
if dreams are your way of living life.
if you love lunching with the team rather than in your cabin.
If your current company allows you to do this and more, its a company you want to retire with. If it doesn't, they are breeding their own competition.
Side Note: If there are more points that define an entrepreneur, please feel free to add them to the list.


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text:
Q: Issue with Destroy Method in Controller - ROR When I try to delete an article from a wiki, it throw an error "can't find article with id..."
destroy method:
def destroy
    @article=Article.find(params[:id])
    @article.destroy

    flash.notice="Article '#{@article.title}' was deleted"

    redirect_to article_path
end

show view (show.html.erb):

<%= @article.title %>

<%= @article.body %>

<%= link_to "<<Back to Articles List", articles_path %>
<%= link_to "Delete", article_path(@article), method: :delete, data: {confirm: "Really delete this article?"} %>

A: I just get the same problem as this. All you need to do is to change "redirect_to article_path" to "redirect_to articles_path". They are two different paths.
Good luck.

A: When I try to delete an article from a wiki, it throw an error "can't find article with id..."
The error message says it all. You are trying to delete an object that does not exist. It perhaps used to exist but it doesn't exist anymore.
example: let's say the error message says "can't find article with id=5".
open your rails console, and search for article with id=5:
Article.find(5)

it will tell you it could not find the article:
ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound: Couldn't find Child with id=5

Your codes look good. it is just that you are trying delete something that does not exist.
back to the console, locate an existing article. try deleting that article and you'll notice your code is working fine

A: The problem is going to be here:

*

*Your db doesn't have the record you're trying to remove

*You aren't passing the right paramd[:id]

Without seeing your params log, I can only reference your link_to method in order to gain ideas as to what happened. If you want a more informed response, you'll want to show us the params hash you receive to your method
--
Fix
Why not try calling the object directly (so link_to will be able to reference the path as organically as possible):
<%= link_to "Delete", @article, method: :delete, data: {confirm: "Really delete this article?"} %>

This is, of course, considering your @article record was compiled correctly etc
--
Another issue you'll have is you are calling redirect_to article_path after you've destroyed your record.
Surely you'll want to redirect to articles_path - the index of the articles (according to a resourceful system)?

A: Your Controller code is correct... then also check for both Methods...
def index
    @article = Article.all

    respond_to do |format|
      format.html # call index.html.erb
      format.json { render json: @article }
    end
  end

def destroy
    @article = Article.find(params[:id])
    @article.destroy

    respond_to do |format|
      format.html { redirect_to articles_url }
      format.json { head :no_content }
    end
  end

Check in your View article/index.html.erb file

    Article Title
    Description

<% @article.each do |article| %>

    <%= article.title %>
    <%= article.body %>
    <%= link_to 'Show', article %>
    <%= link_to 'Edit', edit_article_path(article) %>
    <%= link_to 'Destroy', article, method: :delete, data: { confirm: 'Are you sure?' } %>

<% end %>

<%= link_to 'New Article', new_article_path %>

Still if you are getting an error then
add to your destroy method
@article = Article.find(params[:id]) rescue ""

A: Dis you insert code at articles_controller.rb?
def show
    @article = Article.find(params[:id])
  end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Who is Michaela Dietz? 6 Facts About the Korean-American Actress
One of the major reasons Hollywood would ever remain the largest international performance stage is because it houses talents from all walks of life. Beyond the American shores, a lot of performers dream of starting a career at the Los-Angeles-based larger-than-life entertainment hub. Right now, many starlets are getting prepared to storm the industry while for the likes of Michaela Dietz, it's already a dream come true.
You may have come across her voice work (as Amethyst) on the television series, Steven Universe which has been running on Cartoon Network since 2013, but do you also know that she is a singer? Join us as we unveil in details six interesting facts about Dietz.
Who is Michaela Dietz?
She is a professional Korean-American actress and singer, best known for her acting roles and voice work in several films, television series, and video games. Right from childhood, entertainment has always been her forte and after she completed her studies, she quickly kicked off her acting career. In the past few years, the actress has been working hard to move her career to greater heights and her efforts have been paying off real good.
6 Facts About the Korean-American Actress
1. Background Information
The actress/singer, whose full name is Michaela Keenan Dietz, was born to Korean parents on November 1, 1982, in South Korea. Shortly after her parents gave birth to her, she was adopted by an American couple who would raise her in Cooperstown, New York. Since she started getting public attention, Dietz has been tight-lipped about her biological and adoptive parents, much to the frustration of the media and her loyal fans. There is little to nothing information about the actual reason she was given up for adoption, her early life, and if her biological parents have other kids.
Following the completion of her elementary and high school studies, Michaela was admitted to Middlebury College to study International Studies. She eventually launched her acting career after she graduated from the prestigious institution.
2. Career Timeline
Michaela Dietz may not have starred in blockbuster projects in Hollywood but that doesn't take away the fact that her career has been on the upward side since the inception of her career in 2005. Dietz has invested greater part of her career to voicing characters in television series and games with the children's television series Barney & Friends and the TV animated series, Steven Universe being the most prominent.
She did her first voice-over work in Barney & Friends in the year 2007 when she voiced the character "Riff" in the episode, Barney: Let's Go to the Firehouse. Her last credited role as "Riff" in the series was in 2012 in the following episodes: Barney: Planes, Trains & Cars, Barney: Clean Up, Clean Up!, and Barney: I Love My Friends.
Barney & Friends, which aired from April 6th, 1992 to September 18th, 2009, teaches children how to love and also helps them learn a whole lot of things in a funny manner. To date, it remains one of America's favorite kid-friendly shows.
Since 2013, Michaela Dietz has been voicing Amethyst in the science fantasy/comedy-drama animated show, Steven Universe, along with Zach Callison (Steven), Estelle (Garnet), and Deedee Magno Hall (Pearl). Written by Rebecca Sugar, Steven Universe has been shortlisted for five Annie Awards and four Emmy Awards. In addition to her voice role in the series, Dietz has also released a slew of songs on the album Steven Universe, Vol. 1; hence, becoming one of the show's bankable talents.
Her singing credits include Tower of Mistakes (2017), On the Run (with Zach Callison), We Are the Crystal Gems (with Deedee Magno, Zach Callison, and Estelle), and Peace and Love on the Planet Earth (with , Deedee Magno, Zach Callison, and Estelle).
3. Net Worth
For someone as talented as Michaela Dietz, it comes as no surprise that her net worth has always been a subject of interest within and outside of Hollywood. Though her net worth is currently being reviewed, it is believed that she makes a reasonable amount from every project she stars in and that her net worth runs in thousands, if not millions of dollars.
4. Relationship
Dietz is not married but she in a relationship with a guy whose identity is yet to be publicly disclosed. A tweet she recently shared on her Twitter page suggests the two have been dating for years and that she is head over heels in love with the mysterious guy.
5. Social Media Presence
The voice actress joined Twitter in March 2009 and she has been active on the platform since then. In addition to that, she is also active on Instagram where she relates more with her fans.
6. Her Favourites
Apart from acting, Michaela Dietz loves practicing yoga, dancing, kickboxing, and biking. Her favorite quote is "Don't EVER be afraid to be yourself."
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text:
FDA seeking more info on Avedro's corneal cross-linking NDA
Avedro Inc. has received a complete response letter from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regarding its new drug application (NDA) for riboflavin ophthalmic solution/KXL System to treat keratoconus and corneal ectasia after refractive surgery.
"In the complete response letter, the agency identified a number of areas of the application which require additional information," the company recently announced.
"While we do not yet have an estimate on how long it will take to resolve the issues, we are confident that we can adequately answer their questions," says Avedro Chief Executive Officer David Muller, PhD.
The FDA granted orphan drug status to riboflavin ophthalmic solution/KXL System for treatment of keratoconus and corneal ectasia after refractive surgery in 2011.
"Patients with these sight-threatening conditions may require corneal transplant surgery. If approved, the riboflavin ophthalmic solution/KXL System would be the first FDA-approved therapeutic treatment for these orphan indications," the company said.
The treatment works by strengthening the cross-links between fibrils that serve as "natural anchors" within the cornea.
The KXL system is approved outside the United States, where 75,000 surgeries have been performed successfully, according to the company.
Avedro received priority review status on the NDA in November 2013.
News | Refractive Surgery


Location of Passerby Analytics HQ in Unova.
The Passerby Analytics HQ (Japanese: すれ違い調査隊本部 Passing Survey Squad Headquarters) is a building located in Castelia City, at the intersection between Castelia Wharf and the street where Castelia Gym is. The building is small compared to the other larger skyscrapers around the city, and has only one floor upstairs. However, the building has a larger billboard attached to the roof promoting the headquarters, making it much more noticeable. Inside the room are several statisticians who are working to collect statistics on public opinion.
Surveys happen automatically whenever any two players come near each other with their C-Gears turned on. If Player A has an answer to any of the questions for the questionnaire that Player B currently has selected in his or her C-Gear, then Player B will automatically receive those answers.
For most questions, a player must have completed the corresponding questionnaire at Passerby Analytics in order for other players to receive any answers when conducting its survey. However, the default questionnaire, "How do you play the game?", and the "Details about people" questionnaire both contain questions that will always be automatically answered by game data.
A few survey questions have different possible answers between the original games (Black and White) and the sequels (Black 2 and White 2). These are "Which version do you play?" and "How long have you been playing?" in the "How do you play the game" questionnaire and "Who is your favorite Gym Leader?" in the "More about Pokémon" questionnaire. Answers to these questions cannot be shared between a Black or White game and Black 2 or White 2 game, even if the question might have some common answers (such as Burgh for "Who is your favorite Gym Leader?").
If a player does not have a given questionnaire selected, they cannot receive answers to it. The player may change the currently selected questionnaire through the Survey Radar in the C-Gear, which is represented by a pie chart icon in the bottom-left corner of the C-Gear's main screen.
If a survey response has already been collected from passers by, changing the selected questionnaire will not automatically collect its answers from the same players, and simply switching the C-Gear off and back on will neither send nor collect the answers. If the player soft resets their game, they can collect answers from the same players again as if they were new survey respondents. Since questionnaires always retain the records of their received answers, this can be a good way to stack up responses for head count survey requests.
When the player first talks to the head statistician - who is standing above the big table - he will make the player an official statistician. At that point, the player will start off as a C-rank statistician and may advance their rank by completing survey requests given by the head statistician. Upon completing a given survey request, the head statistician will also reward the player with an item. As the player's rank grows, more survey requests will become available, the number of statisticians in the room will grow, and what they say will change.
When accepting a survey request, the player may choose the manner in which they wish to conduct a survey, by selecting one of two types of requests. All survey requests may actually be fulfilled twice by separately accepting both types of requests. The type of request simply determines the conditions the player must meet to successfully complete that request, as below.
Head-count surveys: the player must survey a minimum number of people (e.g., 20 people).
Timed surveys: the player must collect at least one successful result after accepting the request and cannot report their results until a given period of time has passed (e.g., 2 hours).
A head-count survey has no time constraint of any sort and is judged based only on the total number of results a player has collected to a question or questions. If a given survey request requires 20 results to a given question, and the player has previously collected 20 or more answers for it, then the head statistician will automatically recognize that the conditions have been met as soon as the player selects the request.
A timed survey only cares about the amount of time that has passed since the survey request was accepted - and that at least one response was collected in the interim. In other words, if a timed survey has a 2 hour time constraint, the DS does not need to be on for 2 whole hours, nor does the corresponding survey even need to be selected for the whole time. Absolutely all that matters in completing a timed survey is that the requisite time has passed and that at least one response was collected since the request was accepted.
Timed surveys are sensitive to the DS's clock, however. If the player adjusts their DS's time or switches the DS they were playing the game on in the middle of a timed survey, its timer will be reset when the player saves the game again. Only the timer is reset, though; any previously collected results for the timed survey remain valid. So if a player changes their DS and saves their game in the middle of a timed survey they had already collected a result for, they would not need to collect a new result, they would only need to wait the required time to be able to successfully report the results for the survey.
In total, there are 23 different survey requests that the head statistician will offer. The number of requests that become available at each rank is exactly the number required to advance to the next rank. This means that the player can advance all the way to S+ rank while doing only one type of survey.
The majority of the survey requests only pertain to one question from a given questionnaire. However, the "About what's important", "About seasons"BW/"About the future"B2W2, "About TV and movies", "About study"BW/"What if...?"B2W2, and "About a holiday" requests all combine two questions from the same questionnaire into one request. The "Favorite kinds of people?" request actually combines all three of the questions from one questionnaire into one request. The "About art"BW/"Which songs can you relate to?"B2W2 request, though, combines two questions from two different questionnaires ("What is your favorite color?" in PreferencesBW/"What do you want to work hard at?" in Future goalsB2W2 and "What is your favorite music?" in Entertainment), and requires that the player collect results to both questionnaires in order to be able to complete the request.
When the player completes all 46 separate survey requests, the head statistician will reward the player with a Rare Candy.
Where would you go with a time machine?B2W2 What if...?
To the left of the head statistician, there is a woman who will ask the player for his or her answers to several questionnaires. Once the player has answered a given questionnaire, the woman will add it to the player's Survey Radar so that they may conduct surveys with it. The player may answer as many or as few questionnaires as he or she wishes to at a time, and may return at any time to continue answering questionnaires if they weren't all answered.
After the player has finished all of the questionnaires, they may choose to redo any questionnaire at any time. The woman also gives the player a Soda Pop after the last questionnaire is completed.
The list below details all of the questionnaires available in the Survey Radar, and their questions as asked by the woman at Passerby Analytics. The questions in gray are never asked by the woman and are instead automatically answered by in-game data. These are questions which a player may always provide answers to in other players' surveys even if they have not completed any questionnaires at Passerby Analytics. The entire "How do you play the game" questionnaire comes installed and selected in the C-Gear by default, meaning a player may begin collecting answers to it as soon as they receive the C-Gear.
As the player's rank increases, more people can be found inside Passerby Analytics HQ. Each person's quotes change with the player's statistician rank.
"If you want to check your information, look at the graph at the back wall.
Information about all the statisticians is kept there.
Of course, we checked the information about you!"
"Have you answered a questionnaire?
You should at least answer about what kind of person you are."
"Are you having a hard time getting new survey items in the Survey Radar?
If you want more survey items, answer questionnaires in the headquarters."
"If you are an S-rank statistician, you must have answered all the questionnaires.
What you want to know is what everybody wants to know.
Please volunteer to answer questionnaires."
We have more statisticians, and this place has become quite lively.
The way things are going, we can collect more survey data."
"Do you know the ranks of statisticians?
If you complete several survey requests, you can advance in rank!
If you advance in rank, people will look up to you, and you can get something good!"
Oh, you are <Player>. You are a B-rank statistician.
You advanced to the B rank! You've been working hard.
If you advance in rank, you'll get more new requests, so you might want to talk to the leader."
Oh, you are <Player>. You are an A-rank statistician.
You're already in the A rank. That's awesome!
I also have to work hard and take surveys.
I heard requests for the A rank were difficult.
Oh, you are <Player>. You are an S-rank statistician.
You are close to the S+ rank, which is the best!
I will support you! Good luck."
Oh, you are <Player>. You are an S+ rank statistician!
Wow! I will also do my best to advance in rank as much as possible!"
"When I answered a questionnaire earlier, I got a questionnaire sheet.
Maybe I will answer all the questionnaires..."
"After the questionnaire, the next stop is conducting a survey.
Set the request you want to survey on the Survey Radar... And let's go!"
"New statisticians are not answering questionnaires.
If they answered questionnaires, they could conduct more surveys... What a shame!"
I've also started teaching novice statisticians how to conduct surveys."
"The more I conduct surveys, the more fun it will be.
I'm determined to pass by more people!
It's way more fun to conduct surveys with people than doing them by myself."
"By any chance, are you having trouble?
If it's difficult to pass by many people, I recommend you try a timed survey.
It takes time, but if you pass by just one person, you can complete the request."
If you go to a place full of people, I recommend a head-count survey.
You can collect survey data really fast, so you can complete the request in a short time."
You've become the top statistician instantly.
I should learn a lot from you and work hard!"
"What is the popular movie now? <Player>, do you have any idea?"
"What is the popular food now? <Player>, do you have any idea?"
"What is the popular... Oh, <Player>.
Ah, it is a pain in the neck..."
"The survey requests from the leader are hard. Don't you agree?
Besides, the number of more difficult surveys are increasing..."
"Hello! Good work today, <Player>.
Have you finished all the survey requests from the leader?
I heard if you finish all the requests, you can get something good!"
"Oh! <Player>! I'm honored to see you!
Oh, wow! <Player> spoke to me!"
A Youngster and a Lady at the right side of the room will allow the player to change their greeting and thanking phrases respectively. The phrases can only contain up to 8 characters. The default phrases are "Hello!" and "Thanks!" respectively.
At the back of the room is a large pie chart which will display the player's current statistician ranking, the number of times he or she was thanked before, and the number of people who have passed by. Other players will be able to see this data in the Tag Log when they pass by.
Completing all 46 survey requests requires a minimum of 272 hours (11 days, 8 hours) and 360 surveys taken.


The Foster Holly is small-to-medium-sized evergreen tree with an upright, pyramidal habit. It typically grows to a mature height of 20 feet with a spread of 10 to 15 feet, which makes it the perfect tree for natural screening or hedge purposes. Its leaves are glossy, dark olive green and elliptical; about 2 to 3 inches long. It produces small white flowers in late spring, which are followed in fall by an abundant crop of red, berry-like drupes. Female plants will produce fruit even without fertilization from a male pollinator. This evergreen will grow to reach a height between 10 and 20 feet at maturity.


Joe Martinico's experience as a Sales & Marketing Manager spans over thirty years. He has led several sales organizations and teaches entrepreneurs and salespeople how to sell more using technology and the Internet (see typical audience testimonials). Early in his career, he developed the leading sales team for a Chicago direct sales company selling cookware & cutlery door to door. After moving to California, he saw a positive trend in high tech, especially in wireless and decided to get involved. Within a few years, Joe was closing the largest national accounts for AT&T Wireless, including Enterprise Rent-a-Car, Boeing, and a 1.8 million dollar national account agreement with FedEx (FKA Kinko's).
Joe built one of the first mobile phone web sites in the country. That site has since been folded into AT&T's corporate website, but it gave Joe an advantage in the industry and a passion for using the Internet to build businesses and grow sales.
In short, he understands the selling process, both b2C and b2B, and how to tie classic success principals to modern marketing methods for more successful businesses. Today, Joe continues to help businesses to grow by speaking to groups, large and small. He teaches the success principals behind marketing automation and online marketing.
Joe believes in a balanced life, lives with his wife in Chino Hills, California. He has two sons and four grandchildren. He enjoys reading, playing the guitar, skiing when he has the chance, being involved in his church, and mostly, spending time with his family. He is based in Southern California and can be reached via e-mail at JM (at) MarketingAutomation.com.
A note from Joe: Call me at +1 (951) 313-7200 to discuss your event goals. If I'm not a fit or if what I do is not appropriate for your audience, I'll tell you right away. If I accept your project and you are unhappy with what I do, you don't have to pay me. It's as simple as that. I have a "no-Event-Planner-unhappy-policy" and I will put together a fantastic program for your audience. Please call me.
Find out more about Joe Martinico at http://www.MarketingAutomation.com.


text:
Spider-Man is a vertical scrolling action game written by Laura Nikolich for the Atari 2600, and released in 1982 by Parker Brothers. It was both the first video game to feature Spider-Man and the first Marvel Comics based video game.

Plot
Norman Osborn has been removed of the Goblin formula and incarcerated by Spider-Man. He manages to cause a prison riot, which breaks him out, and decides to blow up the Empire State Building. Spider-Man catches wind of this, and decides to stop Goblin from using his new creation, a "Superbomb", to blow up the building. Along the way, he must contend with Goblin's group of hired thugs, and, ultimately, Goblin himself.

Gameplay

The player controls Spider-Man, who is attempting to scale a building and defuse bombs planted by the Green Goblin. Spider-Man is only able to use his web lines to move up the building either vertically or diagonally. Generic criminals dwell along the many floors of the building, moving randomly from one window to another. Spider-Man counts with limited web fluid to achieve his goal, indicated by a meter at the bottom of the screen. The web fluid meter slowly depletes as time passes, acting like a time limiter of sorts. If the meter depletes completely, Spider-Man will plummet to the ground with no means of saving himself and a life will be lost. If the player has no lives left, the game will be over.

Spider-Man can replenish a little amount of web fluid for each captured criminal or for each small bomb defused. To capture a criminal, Spider-Man must make physical contact with them. However, if a criminal manages to touch his web line, they will cut it and send Spidey plummeting below, though the player can shoot another web in time to save himself.

Near the top of each building, the layout changes to a series of girders where the Goblin has planted many small bombs to hinder Spidey's progress. When a bomb is about to explode, it will change its color from black to red. Defusing a red bomb yields more points than a black one.

Upon reaching the top of the building, Spidey must then face off against the Goblin, who has planted a "super bomb", whose fuse is activated upon defeating a certain number of enemies and/or defusing a certain number of small bombs. Once the fuse is lit, there is a limited time to reach the super bomb before it detonates, claiming one of Spidey's lives. Upon defeating the Goblin (which involves simply avoiding him) and defusing his super bomb, the game starts over at the next level, which may feature faster-moving and/or more instances of the Green Goblin, taller buildings, taller scaffold sections or a quicker-depleting supply of web  fluid. The building is sometimes a different color.

Reception
Mark Trost of Electronic Fun with Computers & Games reviewed the game in February 1983, rating it 3 out of 4. He criticized it for being derivative of the 1980 arcade video game Crazy Climber, but said it was a "nice variation on the theme" with web shooting and swinging abilities, and called it "a challenging, graphically acceptable and ultimately engrossing" game.

References

External links
Spider-Man at Atari Mania

1982 video games
Atari 2600 games
Atari 2600-only games
Multiplayer and single-player video games
Parker Brothers video games
Superhero video games
Video games about bomb disposal
Video games based on Spider-Man
Video games developed in the United States
Video games set in New York City

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Continuous Professional Development (CPD) is the record of activities that Health & Care Professions Council (HCPC) registrants keep to demonstrate their learning and development throughout their careers – showing that their skills and knowledge are current and that they continually demonstrate good professional practice.
In order to maintain HCPC registration, biomedical scientists must keep an up-to-date and accurate record of their CPD activities, demonstrate that their activities are varied and relevant to their current and future practice, explain how their CPD has contributed to their quality of practice and service delivery, and describe how their CPD benefits the service user.
The HCPC may audit a registrant at any time and request a written profile of CPD work and evidence which demonstrates how they meet the profession's CPD standards.
To meet HCPC and Science Council CPD standards, IBMS members should write reflective practice for all CPD activities in order to display their learning and development. For more information, please read the IBMS guide to Reflective Practice.
Enhance your professional practice and development with our continuing professional development (CPD) scheme.
We provide our members with a CPD scheme that offers a flexible system of recording CPD that is easy to use and meets your requirements for achieving and maintaining your professional registration.
The IBMS CPD scheme is now entirely electronic. This means that the recording, amending and validating of CPD are all carried out online. In facilitating a service that more efficiently meets the demands of our membership and reflects current requirements of the wider profession, the scheme is now user-oriented and as a result, the IBMS can no longer offer to validate manual submissions for CPD diplomas. We are more than happy to guide members in using the new scheme and provide any additional information as necessary.
IBMS Journal Based Learning (JBL) involves reading and then answering questions based on articles in scientific journals.
JBL is an excellent way to learn about scientific advances and techniques as part of your continuing professional development (CPD).
IBMS reading lists, textbooks and journals support our members' learning and development.


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La A1R con spalla mancante fa parte del tutto nuova linea di A-serie di Yamaha chitarre elettro acustiche con un look fresco sorprendente, suonabilita .\r
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A group of influential Conservative MPs says that creating a new aviation hub in west London is the cheapest and fastest solution to an impending "capacity crunch" that threatens Britain's economic future.
The plan would destroy thousands of homes and would break a pledge made in the Coalition agreement, which ruled out a third runway at Heathrow.
It would also fly in the face of London Mayor Boris Johnson's vision of an airport in the Thames estuary and calls by Vince Cable, the Liberal Democrat Business Secretary, to expand Birmingham airport.
The future of Britain's airports is a source of growing tension within the Coalition. There is speculation in Westminster that the Conservatives may eventually be forced to reverse their decision to block a third Heathrow runway.
Building two new runways at the west London airport is one of seven policies to boost economic growth that will be unveiled in a report tomorrow by the Free Enterprise Group, a panel of 39 Conservative MPs, many of whom are close to George Osborne, the Chancellor. Members of the group include Sajid Javid, one of Mr Osborne's ministerial aides, and Matthew Hancock, the West Suffolk MP and the Chancellor's former chief of staff. Andrew Tyrie, the chairman of the Commons Treasury committee who will lead the parliamentary inquiry into the Libor scandal, and Elizabeth Truss, an influential Conservative thinker, are also members.
Kwasi Kwarteng, MP for Spelthorne and one of the report's authors, said: "Building two new runways at Heathrow is the most practical, most cost-efficient and fastest solution. This option would allow Britain to rapidly build on its strengths, rather than take a risk of a completely new airport." Mr Kwarteng said neither the Thames estuary airport — dubbed "Boris Island" — nor expanding Birmingham airport were practical. "Building new runways at Heathrow would take about a third of the time as Boris Island and cost far less," he said.
The private sector has suggested that it would finance a third runway, previously planned between the existing airport and the M4, and the Prime Minister and Mr Osborne are said to be seriously considering reviving plans to expand Heathrow.
Heathrow regularly runs at 99 per cent capacity, with London's other airports nearly as congested. There are widespread fears that London's position as one of the world's economic hubs will suffer unless air capacity is expanded.
Experts believe turning Mr Johnson's vision of an airport in the Thames estuary into a reality would cost up to £70 billion. However, the price of building a third runway and a sixth terminal at Heathrow is estimated at around £9 billion. The Free Enterprise Group's paper suggests a third Heathrow runway could be built to the south and west of the airport on the town of Bedfont and Stanwell, a town with a population of 12,000.


The Church of our Lady (Var Frue kirke) in Trondheim is one of Norway's largest medieval churches. It is said to have been founded in 1207. As the name suggests, the church was dedicated to the Virgin Mary. After a fire in 1681, the walls of the church were the only structure left standing in the area. A new, right-angled town plan was drawn up, placing the church on the south side of Kongens gate, one of the city's two main streets, and close to the new marketplace.
The church's architect was Bjorn Signarsson. After the fire in 1681, the nave was extended westwards. The large west tower, designed by lieutenant Wilster, was completed in 1742. It was given a flat roof and an observation platform, but the Trondheim weather caused serious leakages and a pyramid roof was erected in 1779. The tower clock has been in operation since 1742 and the bells have been ringing at regular times since the Middle Ages.
The church contains a number of valuable cultural treasures. The organ was donated in 1772. The altarpiece dated 1742 is the largest in Norway. Originally made for the Nidaros Cathedral, it was moved to the Church of our Lady in 1837. The christening font dates back to 1694 and the pulpit to 1770, while the benches and gallery were renewed in the 1880s.
Vardohus fortress was founded in 1307 to provide protection against attack from the east. In 1733 King Christian VI decreed that a new fortress was to be built. Construction started the following year and was completed in 1738. The original drawings show the fortress very much as it is today. It is situated on a small elevation on the west side of the island of Vardoya and laid out in the shape of an eight--pointed star, about 80 metres from point to point.
Upkeep of the fortress was poor due to lack of money and the buildings and fortifications soon fell into disrepair. In 1793 the fortress was shut down and let to a Bergen company, which used the buildings to house whaling crews. The fortress was reopened in 1800. The Russians were becoming more and more of a threat as they wrought havoc along the coast of Finnmark. This proved that the fortress also had a mission in peacetime.
When the Germans vacated the fort-ress at the end of 1940-44 occupation, the buildings showed signs of neglect, but determined efforts and extra funds gradually returned them to a presentable condition. After the liberation in 1945, Vardohus served for a time as a prison for traitors and was later used by homeless people from Vardo. Alternative accommodation was found for them, and the Coastal Artillery took over the fortress in 1947.


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The 1987 Victorian Football Association season was the 106th season of the top division of the Australian rules football competition, and the 27th season of second division competition. The Division 1 premiership was won by the Springvale Football Club, after it defeated Port Melbourne in the Grand Final on 20 September by 38 points; it was Springvale's first Division 1 premiership, won in just its fourth season in the first division. The Division 2 premiership was won by Prahran; it was the club's second Division 2 premiership, and the last premiership ever won by the club in either division.

The 1987 season was tumultuous on and off the field, with three separate clubs – Moorabbin, Geelong West and Caulfield – suspended from the Association at different times during the year.

FORT review
In mid-1986, the Association organised the Football Organisation Review Team (FORT), which was tasked with reviewing the medium and long term structure of the Association and how it would fit within the wider Victorian football landscape. The FORT comprised: Association president and former Brunswick president Brook Andersen; former Association and Brunswick president Cr Alex Gillon;  CEO and former National Football League consultant John Adams; with consultation from state Minister for Sports and Recreation and former  player Neil Trezise MLA. The FORT was given carte blanche to review how best to structure the Association into the future.

Context
The Association, particularly its weakest clubs, had been in decline for about a decade, struggling with the Victorian Football League entering the Sunday football market, rising costs, loss of television coverage, reduced access to former League players, and demographic shifts in former heartland municipalities. The Association had been working since 1980 to improve its overall viability, having discussed various affiliation models with the League in 1980, and undergone restructures of the divisional system in both 1982 and 1984, but about half of the Association's clubs were still struggling and long-term viability was a concern to the Association executive.

The Victorian Football League was also going through dramatic changes which were altering the wider football landscape in Victoria. In October 1986, the League admitted newly established clubs based in Perth (the West Coast Eagles) and south-eastern Queensland (the Brisbane Bears). At the same time, as many as half of the League's eleven Victorian-based clubs were in severe or impending financial trouble:  had moved to Sydney in 1982 due to its financial troubles,  had fielded offers from Brisbane- and Canberra-based consortiums for a potential relocation in 1987, and ,  and  were all struggling off the field – in some cases, the clubs were solvent only because of the dividend they received from the multimillion-dollar licence fees charged to the new clubs, and from the proceeds earned when the Sydney Swans club was sold to Dr Geoffrey Edelsten in 1985. Thereafter followed wide speculation about further national expansion of the VFL, with expressions of interest from private consortiums, leagues and clubs in Adelaide, Canberra, Fremantle and Tasmania, and speculation that the struggling Victorian clubs would relocate, merge or fold. As such, the future composition of the League was very uncertain at the time, but it was considered realistic that within only a few years, the League could have expanded to a fully national competition, with a reduction in the number of Victorian-based clubs competing.

FORT recommendations

The FORT concluded that with the potential rapid nationalisation of the League, the Association would be well placed to take the position as the top state-based competition in Victoria, sitting underneath the League and serving as a development ground and reserves competition for its Victorian clubs – similar to how the West Australian Football League was organised underneath the West Coast Eagles. To do this effectively, the Association would be best structured as a single division of twelve strong, viable clubs, with promotion and relegation abandoned permanently. The FORT named its twelve clubs, based upon a number of off-field criteria including tradition, location, quality of facilities, and level of support from locals, councils and sponsors. The twelve clubs named were: from Division 1, Box Hill, Coburg, Frankston, Geelong West, Port Melbourne, Preston, Sandringham and Williamstown; from Division 2, Dandenong, Oakleigh and Prahran; and a new club based in Ringwood. Under the proposal, the second division would continue, but it would now be a suburban league operating under the auspices of the Victorian Metropolitan Football League, with no prospects of promotion to Division 1. The eleven clubs who were excluded from the FORT's vision were: Division 1 clubs Brunswick and Springvale; and Division 2 clubs Berwick, Camberwell, Caulfield, Moorabbin, Mordialloc, Northcote, Sunshine, Waverley and Werribee.

The FORT sought to implement this change by 1988, but needed a three-quarters majority from a vote of the Board of Management to achieve a formal mandate, which would have required several of the excluded clubs would vote in favour of their own exclusion. Springvale, which was undergoing the strong recruiting campaign which ultimately delivered it the 1987 premiership, and Sunshine, which had enjoyed a resurgence in recent years was in the process of securing $350,000 from the council to upgrade Skinner Reserve, were both worried that the uncertainty generated by the FORT recommendations might jeopardise those ventures, so those clubs led the public campaign against the changes; within a fortnight, they claimed to have thirteen clubs onside to oppose the changes. By April 1987, Andersen recognised that he did not have enough support to get the changes through, and it was never formally put to the vote.

The FORT also recommended that the Association's Board of Management, which was the primary decision-making body within the Association, be restructured. Since the Association's foundation, the Board had been formed from club delegates, the consequence being that the Association could pass changes only if a majority of clubs voted for them.  The FORT recommended an independent board comprising five delegates: three elected by Division 1 clubs, one elected by Division 2 clubs, and one from the VFL Commission. This would allow the Board to make more difficult decisions in the interest of the Association as a whole, rather than rely on clubs who could vote down changes on self-interest. The motion for an independent board was put to the vote on 5 May 1987, and fell one vote short of the three-quarters majority it required, with 17–7 in favour. A second vote was held in July, with the size of the proposed board expanded to six, but it this time it was comfortably voted down by a 10–14 margin. The independent board of management was eventually approved in March 1988.

Aftermath
Although the FORT's structural recommendations were never formally mandated, eight clubs left or were forced out of the Association within only 2½ years of the review, with most of those clubs placing part of the blame on the fall-out from the FORT review. Andersen and the rest of the Association executive made it clear that they were still strategically in favour of the FORT's vision, which created uncertainty about whether the second division had a future: Berwick and Mordialloc both saw this uncertainty as reason to withdraw from the Association and return to suburban football; and players and sponsors saw this uncertainty as a reason to abandon weaker clubs, severely affecting clubs like Caulfield. Many clubs also expressed bitterness upon their departures that they felt that the Association executive became more willing to allow weaker clubs to decline and fail without intervening, in order to allow the Association to progress naturally towards the FORT's vision.

Within only six years, the Association had contracted to the point where it almost matched the FORT's vision. The second division was abandoned at the start of 1989, and by 1991 there were only twelve teams remaining in the Association: ten were among the twelve clubs named by the FORT, with excluded clubs Springvale and Werribee surviving in place of Geelong West and the proposed Ringwood club. However, the VFL's national expansion and rationalisation of its Victorian clubs did not progress as far or as quickly as FORT had speculated: by 1994, all eleven Victorian clubs were still competing in the League, and only one new interstate club, the Adelaide Crows, had joined; and even as late as 2020 there were still ten Victorian clubs and only eight interstate clubs. The Association ended up becoming the top Victorian state-level competition following an administrative change in 1995, but it was not until 2000, a full thirteen years after the review, that the Association finally fulfilled the FORT's vision of merging with the League reserves.

Club suspensions
Three clubs were suspended from the Association at different stages during the year: Moorabbin, Geelong West and Caulfield.

Moorabbin
On Thursday 23 April, three days before Round 3, Moorabbin coach Graham Stewart resigned from the club over a number of disagreements with the board. The exact nature of the disagreements was not widely publicised, but they covered a range of areas in the management of the club and team, including player payments. Ten senior players immediately walked out in support of Stewart.

Lacking players willing to play, the club forfeited its Round 3 games against Oakleigh in all three grades. The Association issued an ultimatum to Moorabbin that if it could not field a team in all three grades, it would be suspended from the competition. Former Oakleigh premiership player Tom Quinn was appointed coach on 29 April, but the club was unable to coax enough players back, and it forfeited its Round 4 matches against Sunshine. As such, on 6 May, the Association executive committee suspended Moorabbin from the firsts and Seconds competitions for the remainder of the season; the rest of Moorabbin's games were treated as forfeitures. The club ultimately never sought readmission to the competition in 1988, and folded, bringing to an end a brief tenure of just over four seasons in the Association.

Geelong West
Although it was identified as one of the future Division 1 clubs under the FORT's proposal, Geelong West had been in decline throughout the 1980s. By 1987, the three local Corio District football leagues – the GFL, GDFL and BFL – were held in higher regard within Geelong than the Association was, meaning that local clubs attracted larger crowds and better sponsorship and could offer higher player payments than Geelong West. Additionally, many Geelong-based players preferred to play a Saturday afternoon game locally, rather than play a Sunday afternoon game and be required to travel to Melbourne every second week. Geelong West's minor grades had been suffering the consequences of this for many years – the thirds in particular had been routinely thrashed by more than 300 points since the early 1980s – but by 1987 the senior team was also suffering. After six weeks, the club was sitting winless in last place, was struggling to draw crowds and was in a poor financial position.

On Friday 29 May, the Geelong West playing group forfeited its Round 7 games in all three grades, seeking to make a highly public gesture to call attention to the club's ailing viability and lack of players. It was also speculated and reported that the players were striking over $15,000 in match payments collectively owed to the group at the time; it was confirmed that this money was owing, but the players denied this was the motivation for the forfeiture. The players had reportedly been planning the boycott for about a month before enacting it. The following week, a public appeal began to raise money for and encourage local players to play for the club, using the club's position as one of the city's most historically successful local clubs over a period of more than 100 years to gain support. On June 10, the Association intervened: it gave the club until 30 June to prove that it was financially viable and could reliably field teams in all three grades, or it would face suspension for the rest of the year; and, the club was provisionally suspended until it could prove those two things.

The club's public appeal was successful in raising funds, and players including former Geelong West champions Joe Radojevic, Warwick Yates and Sylvester Kranjc were willing to play with the club to help it survive, even if it meant playing games on consecutive days: for their local clubs on Saturday and for Geelong West on Sunday. The final impediment was that a special transfer agreement needed to be signed between the Association and the local leagues to enable those players to make the weekly transfer between clubs beyond the normal transfer deadline of 30 June; this was agreed to, Geelong West's suspension was lifted, and the club returned to competition in Round 10.

Geelong West drew with second-placed Frankston in its first game back to gain its first points for the year, but it went on to win only one more game and was relegated at the end of the year. The club lasted one more season in the Association, before withdrawing after the 1988 season.

Caulfield
In the final round of the home-and-away season, Sunshine was scheduled to play Caulfield in the Association's first ever Friday night game at the newly upgraded Skinner Reserve. At the same time, as a result of its financial difficulties, Caulfield had fallen behind on its affiliation levies, owing the Association $8,125 (including fines) after missing payments in July and August; the club had no cash reserves with which to pay, and the Association indicated in the week leading up to the match that the club faced suspension as a result. The Association Board of Management determined that the Friday night match would go ahead, and that it would meet the following week to determine whether or not to suspend Caulfield; but, that it would reserve the right to apply a suspension retroactively, potentially stripping Caulfield of any points it might earn against Sunshine. Caulfield responded that it would not play the game unless the Association guaranteed that it would not apply a retroactive suspension; the Association did not give this assurance, so Caulfield forfeited the game, and was fined $1,500 as a result. Sunshine, which was angry with Caulfield after having invested money promoting the game, staged a match between the firsts and Seconds on the Friday night instead. Caulfield never played another Association game, as it was later suspended for the 1988 season, which ultimately ended the club's time in the Association.

Division 1
The Division 1 home-and-away season was played over eighteen rounds; the top four then contested the finals under the Page–McIntyre system. The finals were played at the Junction Oval.

Clubs who won on forfeit were awarded a win and four premiership points, credited with the round's average winning score as 'points for', and debited the round's average losing score as 'points against'. The ladder as it is shown here distinguishes wins by forfeiture from wins in completed matches, but not all sources make this distinction.

Ladder

Finals

Awards
The leading goalkicker for the season was Ben Weatherald (Coburg), who kicked 73 goals during the home-and-away season and did not participate in finals.
The J. J. Liston Trophy was won by Barry Round (Williamstown), who polled 19 votes; Round became the first player to win both a Brownlow Medal and a Liston Trophy since Des Fothergill in 1940 and 1941 respectively. Round finished ahead of: Mick Jennings (Port Melbourne), who was second with 17 votes; Mark Whitzell (Port Melbourne), who also polled 17 votes but was ineligible; and John Favier (Frankston), who was third with 16 votes.
Preston won the seconds premiership. Preston 14.19 (103) defeated Brunswick 8.11 (59) in the Grand Final, held on Sunday 20 September.

Division 2
The Division 2 home-and-away season was played over eighteen rounds; the top four then contested the finals under the Page–McIntyre system. The finals were played at Junction Oval.

Clubs who won on forfeit were awarded a win and four premiership points, credited with the round's average winning score as 'points for', and debited the round's average losing score as 'points against'. The ladder as it is shown here distinguishes wins by forfeiture from wins in completed matches, but not all sources make this distinction.

Ladder

Finals

Awards
The leading goalkicker for Division 2 was Rino Pretto (Oakleigh), who kicked 96 goals in the home-and-away season and did not participate in finals.
The J. Field Medal was won by Peter Rogerson (Waverley), who polled 19 votes. Rogerson finished ahead of Luke Soulos (Prahran), who polled 16 votes. Votes won in the matches played against Moorabbin were excluded from the count.
Werribee won the seconds premiership. Werribee 17.14 (116) defeated Dandenong 13.11 (89) in the Grand Final, played on Sunday 20 September.

Notable events

Interleague matches
In 1987, the Association competed in and won the NFL Shield, the NFL's interstate competition among the minor states. It was the first time the Association had contested an NFL-sanctioned interstate event since its expulsion from the ANFC/NFL in 1970; the Association held a competition membership, but not a full membership, of the NFL at this time. Terry Wheeler (Williamstown) was coach of the team; Jeff Sarau (Frankston) was the captain, with Barry Round (Williamstown) stepping up in Sarau's absence against Queensland.

The Grand final against Tasmania was delayed for 35 minutes, because heavy fog prevented the Tasmanian team's flight from landing in Melbourne.

Other notable events
Mitsubishi Motors withdrew as the major sponsor of the Association at the beginning of the year, and was replaced by ANA Friendly Society.
Network Ten permanently ended its coverage of Association football at the end of the previous season. The ABC signed a deal to televise the Division 1 second semi-final, preliminary final and Grand Final in 1987.
By 1987, the VFL was staging Sunday matches in Victoria on an increasingly regular basis, and some smaller Association clubs had suffered over previous years by losing fans to local Saturday competitions. As a result, Association clubs were given the option of playing games on Saturdays instead of Sundays from 1987: Berwick and Werribee both experimented with Saturday games during the season. This heralded the beginning of the end of the Association's time as a dedicated Sunday competition.

See also
List of VFA/VFL premiers

References

Victorian Football League seasons
VFL


text:
Arts + Scene » Arts
Too Big for Words
by Zach St. George
Photo courtesy of Dell'Arte
Mary Jane – Joan Schirle
The word, "festival" seems too brief to describe the month o' marvel that's gracing Blue Lake this summer. Even Oktoberfest, the festiest of fests, only lasts for two weeks. Dell'Arte's Michael Fields said, however, that even if a longerish word were available, the Mad River Festival is too much of a tradition to lengthen.
Now in it's 22nd year, the festival shall commence this Thursday, June 21, with the return of Mary Jane: The Musical. Writer and producer Fields said that this year's version of the marijuana musical is even doper, with new songs and a more pronounced plotline (potline?).
The show is outside, in Dell'Arte's Rooney Ampitheatre, and the crowd can get pretty raucous, said Fields, making it in some ways more like a concert than a play. "You're not having to sit quiet in a dark box," he said.
Fans have 12 opportunities to indulge, with nightly shows Thursday through Sunday for three weeks in a row. Although the play is completely about weed, it's kid friendly, said Fields – no language or nudity to sully its PG-purity. Plays are good. Get 'em started young.
If weed doesn't tickle your bones, check out Exit 101, a show all about end-of-life choices. Although that sounds deeply depressing, Dell'Arte's founding artistic drector, Joan Shirle, said that the play is actually pretty dang funny, and it raises important points about those terminal times. Audiences leave feeling uplifted, she said – a Where the Red Fern Grows sort of thing.
The Fish in My Head is a lighter-hearted affair. "It's about the power of the imagination to transcend rational profit-seeking," said Shirle. The fight-the-man comedy is for kids, and features seven actors, who will don costumes and perform acrobatics including, but not limited to: somersaults, stilt-walking and leaping. Shirle said, however, do not expect live animals.
Another sure sell-out is the Red Light in Blue Lake, in which mostly-clothed adults watch mostly-unclothed adults perform various titillating acts. One year, said Shirle, before the meat dress was even a twinkle in Lady Gaga's eye, a performer covered her body with bologna, and then someone ate the bologna off of her. This is troubling. Why not bacon?
Special guests Bada Bling! Burlesque from Southern Humboldt will bring a dazzling array of song, dance and possibly sandwich meats to this year's Red Light. Again, buy early, because this show always sells out.
Topping off the whole extravaganza is the 34th Annual Humboldt Folklife Festival, which runs from July 13 through July 21st. If you're hankerin' for a barn dance, this is your chance. The fest also includes plenty of jam sessions, concerts and theme nights, and ends with an all-day free festival centered around the Dell'Arte ampitheatre. Road people will close the road, and fest people will haul hay bales out into the street so that festgoers can rest their weary bottoms while listening to music.
Every festival needs a feel-good climax. The Mad River-Humboldt Folklife mega-fest ends on a high note with a Beatles sing-along. "Ob-la-di, ob-la-da," "Yellow Submarine," and "Let it Be," are all likely to be on the playlist, so start practicing now.
Order tickets online at dellarte.com and at humboldtfolklife.org.


text:
UPSTACK Acquires Technology Advisory Firm MOC4 Consulting
UPSTACK, a profitable, fast-growing platform that transforms the architecture and sourcing experience for businesses seeking cloud and internet infrastructure solutions, announced today that it has acquired MOC4 Consulting LLC, a technology advisory firm specializing in secure networking. Terms of the transaction were not disclosed.
UPSTACK's acquisition of California-based MOC4 Consulting is part of the company's strategy to accelerate the growth of its industry-transforming platform, which combines the industry's leading internet infrastructure advisors with proprietary software and support resources.
The growth strategy is supported by a $50 million equity investment from Berkshire Partners, announced in April, which will enable the company to continue to scale its platform through technology expansion and partner acquisitions.
As part of the investment, MOC4 Consulting Founder Daniel Mocny will join UPSTACK as Partner and a true equity stakeholder. Mocny will continue to advise business customers that are sourcing data center, colocation, cloud, network connectivity and more through the UPSTACK platform.
"We're excited to welcome MOC4 Consulting to the UPSTACK family," said Christopher Trapp, CEO of UPSTACK. "In addition to his long experience delivering complex multi-vendor network solutions, Daniel's competitive spirit and team-first mentality are sure to drive growth for the entire UPSTACK team."
After competing as a Division I baseball player, Mocny landed in the tech industry at a telecom consulting company based in Huntington Beach, CA, where he spent eight years working his way up to senior account executive responsible for direct sales and sales management.
"In baseball, you fail more than you succeed, so sales was a natural match for me as it taught me how to battle through adversity," he said, explaining that discipline and drive he learned as an athlete fueled his early success. It also prompted him to form MOC4 Consulting in 2014 to gain more control of his destiny and earning potential. MOC4 Consulting aligned with a master agency and quickly became a top performer year after year.
After seven years and more than 300 customers, Mocny began thinking about ways to scale MOC4's capabilities. "I explored the conventional routes of hiring a support team, outsourcing to a third-party for back-office support, or combining resources with another agency in the space," said Mocny. That's when he heard about the opportunity to join UPSTACK.
"IT consultancies I trusted in the industry were taking the step forward with UPSTACK, and they validated my thoughts about this great opportunity," he said. "When I met with CEO Chris Trapp, it was clear that UPSTACK had the resources, vision and long-term plan that I had been looking for, so the decision to join UPSTACK was easy and I'm excited about the future."
For more information about the UPSTACK Advisory Partnership, visit upstack.com/for-advisors or contact [email protected].
About MOC4 Consulting
MOC4 Consulting is a technology advisory firm specializing in secure networking and complex, multicarrier network design. Since 2014, the company has helped hundreds of midmarket and enterprise organizations design and source voice and data networks, leveraging technologies such as MPLS and SD-WAN. The firm specializes in meeting the exacting needs for uptime and regulatory compliance required by businesses in the legal and financial industries.
About UPSTACK
Launched in 2017 in New York, N.Y., UPSTACK is transforming the way cloud and internet infrastructure is sourced and sold. The company uses advanced technology to enable an extensive team of cloud infrastructure advisors to offer customized solutions for businesses of all sizes. With UPSTACK, business buyers streamline IT procurement by tapping into a single source for mission-critical technology services from hundreds of proven providers along with the professional guidance to identify and evaluate the best solutions. UPSTACK's service portfolio includes colocation and data center, network connectivity, SD-WAN, unified communications, cloud contact center, private and public cloud, security, mobile, business continuity, IoT and more. For more information, visit us at http://www.upstack.com.
UPSTACK
MOC4 Consulting
UPSTACK Acquires Global Network and IT Consulting Firm idea! Communications Group
UPSTACK Acquires Telecom Management Firm Legacy Solutions
UPSTACK Acquires IT Consulting Firm Open Communications
UPSTACK Acquires Technology Consulting Firm Cloudnexion
ICYMI: Our Channel News Roundup for the Week of August 2nd
ICYMI: Our Channel News Roundup for the Week of October 11th
UPSTACK,Acquisitions,MOC4 Consulting


I've returned to Los Angeles to find, among other things, this bullet in the mail awaiting me. It's a novelty USB drive, but neither its Quicktime file nor the touted website on the back of the accompanying card ("Blood demands blood," reads its wooden keepsake box) works/loads — via Firefox, Internet Explorer, nada. After a bit of noodling around, it seems it might be the trailer for Dead Man Down (FilmDistrict, March 8), starring Colin Farrell and Noomi Rapace. This would make some sense, given that the otherwise unmarked package did have FilmDistrict's name on it in small letters. So it seems I'm a marked man. Marked for exactly what I'm not sure, however.
UPDATE, 1/2/2013: My instincts were spot-on. A placeholder page now exists for the website, and Dead Man Down's trailer is available here, with Kendra Morris' enchanting cover version of Pink Floyd's "Shine On You Crazy Diamond" providing the mood underneath lots of gunfire and Terrence Howard's threats.


Chennai: A delegation from Britain comprising of 50 officials from universities and medical technology companies will participate in a diabetes summit by Indo-British Health Initiative (IBHI) here next month.
"We are focusing on what we believe will be the largest ever bilateral healthcare event staged between India and the UK," Mike Nithavrianakis, Britain's Deputy High Commissioner and ex-officio president of IBHI, told reporters Wednesday.
The summit is targeted at several hundred private and public sector experts across India and Britain and would cover prevention, diagnosis, treatment of diabetes, obesity, wound care and others.
The summit will bring together experts from India and Britain to find solutions to the crisis of diabetes.
Senior diabetologists and endocrinologists are expected to speak at the summit.
Prithvi Mohandas, founder-secretary of IBHI and joint managing director of MIOT Hospitals, said IBHI helped Indian healthcare institutions to build on their relationship with Britain's healthcare sector and forge partnerships in academics, healthcare delivery, technologies and innovative solutions.
A Young Innovator Award will also be presented at the summit.


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text:
Dungeon Fighter Online passes 3 million concurrent users
The MMO breaks its previous record of 2.6 million in China
News by Mike Williams Reviews Editor, USgamer
Nexon's free-to-play Dungeon & Fighter - known as Dungeon Fighter Online on Western shores - has surpassed 3 million maximum concurrent users in China this June. Dungeon & Fighter developers and Nexon subsidiary Neople has been working with Tencent Games to tailor the game for China with new content in the form of June's 'Revolution' update.
"We are pleased to see that 'Dungeon&Fighter,' which was first introduced more than four years ago, continues to set new records year after year," said Shin-Chul Kang, CEO of Neople. "We take pride in developing innovative action-packed games that resonate with players, and we strive to continue delivering highly localized updates to our titles that keep users engaged over time."
Reviews Editor, USgamer
M.H. Williams is new to the journalism game, but he's been a gamer since the NES first graced American shores. Third-person action-adventure games are his personal poison: Uncharted, Infamous, and Assassin's Creed just to name a few. If you see him around a convention, he's not hard to spot: Black guy, glasses, and a tie.