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April 17, 2007, Alert No. 1,566.
Supreme Court Rules in Global Crossing v. Metrophones
4/17. The Supreme Court of the U.S. issued its opinion [40 pages in PDF] in Global Crossing v. Metrophones, upholding the Federal Communications Commission's (FCC) rules that require long distance carriers to compensate payphone operators when a caller uses a payphone to obtain free access to the carrier's lines.
The Supreme Court also held that a payphone operator may bring a federal action against a carrier that refuses to make the payments required by the FCC's rules.
In this case, Metrophones Telecommunications, Inc. is a payphone operator, and Global Crossing Telecommunications, Inc., is a long distance carrier. Metrophone sought compensation from Global Crossing for each time a user of its payphones obtained free access to Global Crossing's lines. Global Crossing refused, and Metrophones filed a complaint in U.S. District Court.
47 U.S.C. § 201 provides in part that "It shall be the duty of every common carrier engaged in interstate or foreign communication by wire or radio to furnish such communication service upon reasonable request therefor".
Subsection (b) then provides in part that "All charges, practices, classifications, and regulations for and in connection with such communication service, shall be just and reasonable, and any such charge, practice, classification, or regulation that is unjust or unreasonable is declared to be unlawful".
47 U.S.C. § 207 then provides in full that "Any person claiming to be damaged by any common carrier subject to the provisions of this chapter may either make complaint to the Commission as hereinafter provided for, or may bring suit for the recovery of the damages for which such common carrier may be liable under the provisions of this chapter, in any district court of the United States of competent jurisdiction; but such person shall not have the right to pursue both such remedies."
The Telecommunications Act of 1996 instructed the FCC to write regulations establishing a plan to compensate payphone operators. The FCC wrote rules that required carriers to compensate payphone operators at a rate of 24 cents per call. The FCC also declared that a carrier's failure to comply with the payphone compensation regulation is unlawful under §201(b) as an "unjust or unreasonable" practice. The FCC also declared that there is a private right of action for this failure.
The Supreme Court, applying Chevron deference, held that "the FCC's application of §201(b) to the carrier's refusal to pay compensation is a reasonable interpretation of the statute; hence it is lawful. ... And, given the linkage with §207, we also conclude that §207 authorizes this federal-court lawsuit."
Justice Scalia wrote in his dissent that "I would hold that a private action to enforce an FCC regulation under §§201(b) and 206 does not lie unless the regulated practice is "unjust or unreasonable" in its own right and apart from the fact that a substantive regulation of the Commission has prohibited it. As the practice regulated by the payphone-compensation regulation does not plausibly fit that description, I would reverse the judgment of the Court of Appeals."
Justice Thomas wrote in his dissent that "§201 does not reach the conduct at issue here. Failing topay is not a "practice" under §201 because that section regulates the activities of telecommunications firms intheir role as providers of telecommunications services. As such, §201(b) does not reach the behavior of telecommunication firms in other aspects of their business."
This case is Global Crossing Telecommunications, Inc. v. Metrophones Telecommunications, Inc., Sup. Ct. No. 05–705, a petition for writ of certiorari to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit. Justice Breyer wrote the opinion of the Supreme Court, in which Justices Stevens, Roberts, Alito, Ginsburg, Souter and Kennedy joined. Justices Scalia and Thomas dissented.
Supreme Court Requests Solicitor General Brief in Patent Case
4/16. The Supreme Court of the United States (SCUS) requested that the Office of the Solicitor General (OSG) file a brief "expressing the views of the United States" in Quanta Computer v. LG Elecronics.
The SCUS has not yet decided whether or not to grant Quanta Computer's petition for writ of certiorari. See, Order List [18 pages in PDF] at page 2, and SCUS docket.
This is a patent infringement case related to personal computer technology. The District Court granted summary judgment of noninfringement. The U.S. Court of Appeals (FedCir) issued its opinion [31 pages in PDF] on July 7, 2006. It affirmed in part, reversed in part, vacated in part, and remanded to the District Court.
This case is Quanta Computers, Inc., et al. v. LG Electronics, Inc., Sup. Ct. No. 06-937, a petition for writ of certiorari to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, App. Ct. Nos. 05-1261, 05-1262, 05-1263, 05-1264, 05-1302, 05-1303, and 05-1304. Judge Mayer wrote the opinion of the Court of Appeals, in which Judges Michel and Newman joined. The Court of Appeals heard appeals from the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California, Judge Claudia Wilkin presiding.
Kimmitt Discusses U.S. Japan Trade
4/17. Deputy Secretary of the Treasury Robert Kimmitt gave a speech on the U.S. Japan Economic Relationship on Capitol Hill in Washington DC. He urged Japan to continue its economic reforms, to deregulate its communications sector, to allow the free flow of capital, and to address protection of its agricultural sector.
He said that "Japan is now experiencing the longest economic expansion in its post-war history, thanks in part to the reforms launched by former Prime Minister Koizumi." He added that "We welcome Prime Minister Abe's commitment to press forward with economic reform in Japan that seeks to raise productivity growth; create new investment opportunities; stimulate competition; and foster a stronger business climate."
Kimmitt then offered recommendations regarding these reforms. For example, he stated that "To raise productivity, the government of Japan should encourage competition, the entry of new firms, and the introduction of new technologies and products. We are all familiar with manufactured products in which Japanese technology leads the world. Yet some Japanese industries maintain surprisingly low levels of productivity relative to their foreign counterparts. In many cases, these are industries with extensive regulations on entry, products, and technologies."
He added that Japan's "communications" is one industry that should be deregulated, and opened to new entry and competition. However, he did not address outdated or unnecessary regulation of the U.S. communications sector.
He also discussed trade and protectionism in Japan and the U.S. He said that the two countries are "natural partners in advancing the fundamental principles of a healthy world economy: free and fair trade; flexible exchange rates set in open, competitive markets based on underlying fundamentals; and the free flow of capital across borders, based on open investment policies. But we must also confront the threat of growing protectionist sentiment and new obstacles to trade and investment."
Kimmitt continued that "We often discuss protectionism in the context of trade. But since investment flows are many times larger than trade flows, we must also pay close attention to cross-border capital flows and maintaining open investment policies. We must come together to make clear on both sides of the Pacific that we are open to investment and trade, and actively reject the rise of investment protectionism across the Pacific or elsewhere in the world."
He also discussed Doha round trade negotiations. He said that "Both Japan and the United States would benefit from an agreement, and, in some sectors, Japan has even more to gain from global trade liberalization than the United States."
However, he added that "domestic opposition to agricultural reform has prevented Japan from playing a leading role in the Doha Round negotiations and in other international trade liberalization efforts." He urged Japan to reduce subsidies and protection, and singled out conditions imposed upon U.S. beef as an example. He did not address the U.S.'s agricultural subsidies and protectionism.
FTC and DOJ Release Report on IPR and Antitrust
4/17. The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and the Department of Justice (DOJ) released a report [217 pages in PDF] titled "Antitrust Enforcement and Intellectual Property Rights: Promoting Innovation and Competition". See also, FTC release.
The report begins with the statement that "intellectual property laws and antitrust laws share the same fundamental goals of enhancing consumer welfare and promoting innovation". It rejects as outdated and incorrect the argument that intellectual property law's grant of exclusivity creates monopolies that are in tension with antitrust law's attack on monopoly power.
"Intellectual property laws create exclusive rights that provide incentives for innovation", the report states. "These property rights promote innovation by allowing intellectual property owners to prevent others from appropriating much of the value derived from their inventions or original expressions. These rights also can facilitate the commercialization of these inventions or expressions and encourage public disclosure, thereby enabling others to learn from the protected property."
It adds that "Antitrust laws foster competition by prohibiting anticompetitive mergers, collusion, and exclusionary uses of monopoly power. Yet, it is well understood that exercise of monopoly power, including the charging of monopoly prices, through the exercise of a lawfully gained monopoly position will not run afoul of the antitrust laws. The same principle applies to monopoly power that is based on intellectual property rights."
And hence, "antitrust doctrine does not presume the existence of market power from the mere presence of an intellectual property right."
The bulk of the report then address some of the more difficult issues that arise when antitrust law is applied in the context of intellectual property.
Strategic Use of Licensing and Unilateral Refusals to License Patents. The report first addresses unilateral refusals to license patents and the divergent opinions in Image Technical Services, Inc. v. Eastman Kodak Co., 125 F.3d 1195 (9th Cir. 1997), and In re Independent Service Organizations Antitrust Litigation, 203 F.3d 1322 (Fed. Cir. 2000).
The report offers four conclusions.
First, it concludes that "Section 271(d)(4) of the Patent Act does not create antitrust immunity for unilateral refusals to license patents."
Second, it concludes that "Statements in Supreme Court jurisprudence support the traditional understanding that the unilateral right to refuse to grant a patent license is a core part of the patent grant."
Third, it concludes that "Antitrust liability for mere unilateral, unconditional refusals to license patents will not play a meaningful part in the interface between patent rights and antitrust protections. Antitrust liability for refusals to license competitors would compel firms to reach out and affirmatively assist their rivals, a result that is ``in some tension with the underlying purpose of antitrust law.´´ Moreover, liability would restrict the patent holder's ability to exercise a core part of the patent -- the right to exclude."
Finally, the report concludes that "Conditional refusals to license that cause competitive harm are subject to antitrust liability."
Industry Standards and Intellectual Property. The report states that "Industry standards are widely acknowledged to be one of the engines of the modern economy. Standards can make products less costly for firms to produce and more valuable to consumers. They can increase innovation, efficiency, and consumer choice".
Moreover, the report states that "Standards make networks, such as the Internet and telecommunications, more valuable to consumers by allowing products to interoperate."
However, the work of standard setting organizations (SSO) can raise antitrust concerns. The two agencies' report makes six conclusions.
First, it concludes that "Ex ante consideration of licensing terms by SSO participants can be procompetitive."
Second, it concludes that "Joint ex ante consideration of licensing terms by SSO participants is unlikely to constitute a per se antitrust violation. The Agencies will usually apply the rule of reason when evaluating joint activities that mitigate hold up by allowing potential licensees of the standard to negotiate licensing terms with IP holders. Such ex ante negotiations of licensing terms are most likely to be reasonable when the adoption of a standard will create or enhance market power for a patent holder."
Third, it concludes that "An intellectual property owner's unilateral announcement of licensing terms does not violate section 1 of the Sherman Act."
Fourth, it concludes that "An intellectual property owner's unilateral announcement of price terms, without more, does not violate section 2 of the Sherman Act."
Fifth, it concludes that "Bilateral ex ante negotiations about licensing terms that take place between an individual SSO member and an individual intellectual property holder outside the auspices of the SSO are unlikely (without more) to require any special antitrust scrutiny because intellectual property rights holders are merely negotiating individual terms with individual buyers." (Parentheses in original.)
Finally, the report concludes that "The Agencies take no position as to whether SSOs should engage in joint ex ante discussion of licensing terms."
Portfolio Cross-Licensing Agreements and Patent Pools. The report notes that "patent rights necessary to commercialize a product are frequently controlled by multiple rights holders".
It continues that "Portfolio cross licenses and patent pools can help solve the problems created by these overlapping patent rights, or patent thickets, by removing the need for patent-by-patent licensing, thus reducing transaction costs for licensees. In addition, patent-pooling agreements may mitigate royalty stacking and hold-up problems that can occur when multiple patent holders individually demand royalties from a licensee."
However, it also states that cross-licensing and patent-pooling agreements "may generate anticompetitive effects if the arrangements result in price fixing, coordinated output restrictions among competitors, or foreclosure of innovation."
First, it concludes that "The Agencies will continue to evaluate the competitive effects of cross licenses and patent pools under the framework of the Antitrust-IP Guidelines. Given the cognizable benefits and potential anticompetitive effects associated with both of these licensing practices, the Agencies typically will analyze both types of agreements under the rule of reason."
Second, it concludes that "Combining complementary patents within a pool is generally procompetitive. Including substitute patents in a pool does not make the pool presumptively anticompetitive; competitive effects will be ascertained on a case-by-case basis."
Third, it concludes that "The competitive significance of a pool's licensing terms will be analyzed on a case-by-case basis considering both their procompetitive benefits and anticompetitive effects."
Finally, the report concludes that "The Agencies will not generally assess the reasonableness of royalties set by a pool. The focus of the Agencies' analysis is on the pool's formation and whether its structure would likely enable pool participants to impair competition."
Variations on Intellectual Property Licensing Practices. The report concludes that "The Agencies will continue to apply the flexible rule of reason analysis of the Antitrust-IP Guidelines to assess intellectual property licensing agreements, including non-assertion clauses, grantbacks, and reach-through royalty agreements."
Tying and Bundling of Intellectual Property Rights. The report states that "Economic theory can identify both procompetitive and anticompetitive effects when two or more products are tied or bundled together and at least one of these products involves intellectual property rights."
However, it adds that in spite of this, "tying arrangements, including those involving intellectual property, continue to be per se illegal if the seller has market power in the tying product and certain other conditions are met. However, the application of the per se rule to tying has evolved to incorporate a market analysis." (Footnote omitted.)
The report concludes that "The Antitrust-IP Guidelines will continue to guide the Agencies' analysis of intellectual property tying and bundling. Pursuant to the Antitrust-IP Guidelines, the Agencies consider both the anticompetitive effects and the efficiencies attributable to a tie, and would be likely to challenge a tying arrangement if: ``(1) the seller has market power in the tying product, (2) the arrangement has an adverse effect on competition in the relevant market for the tied product, and (3) efficiency justifications for the arrangement d o no t o u t w e i g h t h e anticompetitive effects.´´ If a package license constitutes tying, the Agencies will evaluate it pursuant to the same principles they use to analyze other tying arrangements." (Footnotes omitted.)
Practices that Extend Beyond a Patent's Term. Lastly, the report addresses extending "extend the reach of a patent beyond the expiration of a patent's statutory term, such as collecting royalties beyond the statutory term, the use of exclusive contracts that deprive rivals or potential entrants of a source of supply or access to customers, or bundling trade secrets with patents."
See especially, Brulotte v. Thys Co., 379 U.S. 29 (1964). The report offers three conclusions.
First, it concludes that "The starting point for evaluating practices that extend beyond a patent's expiration is analyzing whether the patent in question confers market power."
Second, it concludes that "Standard antitrust analysis applies to practices that have the potential to extend the market power conferred by a patent beyond its expiration."
Finally, it concludes that "Collecting royalties beyond a patent's statutory term can be efficient. Although there are limitations on a patent owner's ability to collect royalties beyond a patent's statutory term, that practice may permit licensees to pay lower royalty rates over a longer period of time, which reduces the deadweight loss associated with a patent monopoly and allows the patent holder to recover the full value of the patent, thereby preserving innovation incentives." (Footnote omitted.)
People and Appointments
4/17. Michael Mullaney was named Chief of the Department of Justice's (DOJ) National Security Division's (NSD) Counterterrorism Section. Kenneth Wainstein remains the Assistant Attorney General in charge of the NSD.
4/17. Deborah Garza was named Deputy Assistant Attorney General for Regulatory Matters at the Department of Justice's (DOJ) Antitrust Division. She will oversee, among other things, telecommunications matters. She previously chaired the Antitrust Modernization Commission (AMC), which has issued its final report. See, story titled "Antitrust Modernization Commission Releases Report", story titled "AMC Addresses Innovation" and story titled "AMC Seeks End to Duplicative FCC Antitrust Merger Reviews" in TLJ Daily E-Mail Alert No. 1,560, April 4, 2007. She previously worked for the law firms of Covington & Burling and Fried Frank. Thomas Barnett remains the Assistant Attorney General in charge of the Antitrust Division.
4/17. The House Appropriations Committee's (HAC) Subcommittee on Financial Services and General Government held a hearing on the FY 2008 budget for the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). See, prepared testimony [PDF] of FCC Chairman Kevin Martin. Afterwards, Brian Dietz of the National Cable & Telecommunications Association (NCTA) stated in a release that "Its unfortunate that Chairman Martin continues to promote government-mandated a la carte when the vast majority of evidence shows it would raise prices for most consumers and harm diversity in programming. The Canadian example that Chairman Martin cites has nothing to do with the U.S. market and actually offers fewer benefits than portrayed. U.S. cable and satellite providers currently offer their customers the most diverse selection of programming found anywhere in the world. A mandated a la carte system is a lose-lose proposition -- it would jeopardize the broad diversity in programming that American consumers enjoy while raising prices for less choice."
The House will meet at 10:30 AM for morning hour, and at 12:00 NOON for legislative business. The House will consider numerous items under suspension of the rules, including HR 1677, the "Taxpayer Protection Act of 2007". This bill provides, in part, that if the IRS learns "in the course of an investigation under section 7206 (relating to fraud and false statements) or 7207 (relating to fraudulent returns, statements, or other documents)" that "there may have been an unauthorized use of the identity of the taxpayer or dependents", then the IRS shall "as soon as practicable and without jeopardizing such investigation, notify the taxpayer of such determination". See, Rep. Hoyer's weekly calendar.
The Senate will meet at 10:00 AM. It will resume consideration of of S 372, the Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2007.
8:30 - 10:30 PM. The DC Bar Association will host a lecture titled "Entertainment Law: The Year In Review". The speaker will be Stan Soocher (University of Colorado at Denver). The price to attend ranges from $20 to $37.50. For more information, call 202-626-3463. See, notice. Location: DC Bar Conference Center, 1250 H St NW B-1 Level.
10:00 AM. The Senate Commerce Committee (SCC) will hold a hearing titled "XM Sirius". The witnesses will be Mel Karmazin (CEO of Sirius Satellite Radio), Russell Withers (Withers Broadcasting Companies), Gene Kimmelman (Consumer Union), Gigi Sohn (Public Knowledge), and David Bank (RBC Capital Markets). See, notice. Location: Room 253, Russell Building.
10:00 AM. The House Appropriations Committee's (HAC) Subcommittee on Financial Services will hold a hearing on the FY 2008 budget for the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). The witness will be FCC Chairman Kevin Martin. See, HAC calendar. Location: Room 2220, Rayburn Building.
POSTPONED TO APRIL 19. 10:00 AM. The Senate Judiciary Committee (SJC) will hold a hearing titled "Department of Justice Oversight". The witness will be Attorney General Alberto Gonzales. Press contract: Tracy Schmaler (Leahy) at 202-224-2154 or Courtney Boone (Specter) at Courtney_Boone at judiciary-rep dot senate dot gov or 202-224-2984. See, notice. Location: Room 216, Hart Building.
11:00 AM. The Cato Institute will host a panel discussion titled "Calm before the Storm? Developments in U.S. Trade Remedy Laws". The speakers will be Rep. Phil English (R-PA), David Hartquist (Committee to Support U.S. Trade Laws), Daniel Porter (Vinson & Elkins), and Daniel Ikenson (Cato). See, notice. Lunch will be served after the program. Location: Cato, 1000 Massachusetts Ave., NW.
12:00 NOON. Deputy Secretary of the Treasury Robert Kimmitt will give a speech titled "U.S.-Japan Economic Relationship". Location: Room 325, Russell Building (Caucus Room).
12:30 PM. Rep. Charles Rangel (D-NY), Chairman of the House Ways and Means Committee, will give a speech. Location: National Press Club, 529 14th St. NW, 13th Floor.
TIME? The Computer and Communications Industry Association (CCIA) will host an event titled "Policy in a New Congressional Environment". Location: Willard Intercontinental Hotel.
Day one of a three day workshop hosted by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and others titled "6th Annual PKI R&D Workshop: Applications-Driven PKI (It's The Apps, Stupid!)". See, notice. Location: NIST, Red Auditorium, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD.
TIME? The Department of Defense's (DOD) Defense Science Board Task Force on Integrating Sensor-Collected Intelligence will meet in closed session regarding intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance systems. See, notice in the Federal Register, April 2, 2007, Vol. 72, No. 62, at Page 15659. Location: Science Applications International Corporation, 4001 N. Fairfax Drive, Arlington, VA.
The House will meet at 10:00 AM for legislative business. See, Rep. Hoyer's weekly calendar.
10:00 AM. The Senate Commerce Committee (SCC) will hold a hearing titled "Is ``Free Trade´´ Working?". See, notice. Location: Room 253, Russell Building.
10:00 AM. The House Oversight and Government Reform Committee's Subcommittee on Information Policy, Census and National Archives will hold a hearing titled "Ensuring Fairness and Accuracy in Elections Involving Electronic Voting Systems". Location: Room 2154, Rayburn Building.
12:00 NOON - 2:00 PM. The Federal Communications Bar Association (FCBA) will host an lunch titled "2nd Annual Diversity and Young Lawyers Committees Mentoring Luncheon". For more information contact, Colin Sandy at 202-682-2496 or csandy at neca dot org. Location: Arnold & Porter, 10th Floor, 555 12th St. NW.
2:00 PM. The House Rules Committee will meet to adopt a rule for consideration of HR 363, the "Sowing Seeds Through Science and Engineering Research Act". Location: Room H-313, Capitol Building.
2:15 PM. Sen. Patrick Leahy (D-VT), Sen. Orrin Hatch (R-UT), Rep. Howard Berman (D-CA), and Rep. Lamar Smith (R-TX) will hold a news conference to announce the introduction of the "Patent Reform Act of 2007". Location: Room S-325, Radio-Television Press Gallery, Capitol Building.
3:00 PM. The Public Knowledge (PK) will host an event titled "Digital Freedom Briefing: Music Making in the Digital Age -- Creation, Education, and Distribution". The speakers will include Gigi Sohn (PK), Fletch Wiley (producer and arranger), Lisa Matthews (singer), and Jennifer Hardin (student). For more information, contact Art Brodsky at 202-518-0020. Location: Room HC-7, Capitol Building.
4:00 - 5:30 PM. Klaus Kleinfeld, P/CEO of Siemens AG, will give a speech. See, registration page. Prices vary. Location: U.S. Chamber of Commerce, 1615 H St., NW.
Day one of a three day meeting of the ABA Section of Antitrust Law titled "55th Annual Spring Meeting". Press contact: Debbie Weixl at 312-988-6126 or orweixld at staff dot abanet dot org. See, ABA release and conference web site. Location: J.W. Marriott, 1331 Pennsylvania Ave., NW.
Day two of a three day workshop hosted by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and others titled "6th Annual PKI R&D Workshop: Applications-Driven PKI (It's The Apps, Stupid!)". See, notice. Location: NIST, Red Auditorium, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD.
The House will meet at 10:00 AM for legislative business. The House may consider HR 363, the "Sowing Seeds Through Science and Engineering Research Act". See, Rep. Hoyer's weekly calendar.
9:00 AM - 2:30 PM. The Federal Communications Bar Association's (FCBA) Ad Hoc Committee on on Homeland Security and Public Safety will host a continuing legal education (CLE) seminar titled "Regulatory and Policy Approaches to Address Emergency Response and Disaster Recovery". See, registration form [PDF]. The price to attend ranges from $100-$300. At 9:20 AM David Boyd (Department of Homeland Security) will speak. The DHS states that "Credentialed media wishing to attend must contact Ann Henson at ann at fcba dot org for access to the event." Location: Wiley Rein, 1776 K St., NW.
9:30 AM. The Senate Judiciary Committee (SJC) will hold a hearing titled "Department of Justice Oversight". The witness will be Attorney General Alberto Gonzales. Press contract: Tracy Schmaler (Leahy) at 202-224-2154 or Courtney Boone (Specter) at Courtney_Boone at judiciary-rep dot senate dot gov or 202-224-2984. See, notice. Location: Room 216, Hart Building.
10:00 AM. The House Judiciary Committee's (HJC) Subcommittee on Courts, the Internet, and Intellectual Property will hold a hearing titled "Oversight Hearing on Federal Judicial Compensation". Location: Room 2141, Rayburn Building.
10:00 AM. The House Commerce Committee's Subcommittee on Telecommunications and the Internet will hold a hearing titled "The Digital Future of the U.S.: Part 3: Spectrum Opportunities and the Future of Wireless". The hearing will address, among other topics, 700 MHz band spectrum. The witnesses will be John Muleta (M2Z Networks), Victor Meena (CellularSouth), Janice Obuchowski (Frontline Wireless), Shelley Spencer (Wirefree Partners), Barry West (Sprint Nextel), and Michael Gallagher (Perkins Coie). Location: Room 2123, Rayburn Building.
10:00 AM. The Senate Commerce Committee (SCC) will hold a hearing titled "U.S. Competitiveness Through Basic Research". The witnesses will be John Marburger (Office of Science and Technology Policy), Arden Bement (National Science Foundation), and William Jeffrey (National Institute of Standards and Technology). See, notice. Location: Room 253, Russell Building.
? 10:00 AM. The Senate Judiciary Committee (SJC) may hold an executive business meeting. The agenda includes consideration of HR 740, the "Preventing Harassment through Outbound Number Enforcement (PHONE) Act of 2007". The agenda also includes consideration of several judicial nominees: Frederick Kapala (to be a Judge of the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois) and Benjamin Hale Settle (U.S.D.C. Western District of Washington). The SJC rarely follows its published agenda. See, notice. Press contact: Tracy Schmaler at 202-224-2154 or Tracy_Schmaler at judiciary dot senate dot gov. Location: Room 226, Dirksen Building.
10:00 AM - 12:00 NOON. The Department of State's (DOS) Advisory Committee on International Communications and Information Policy will meet to discuss the U.S. preparations, including formation of the U.S. delegation, for the 2007 World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-07) that will take place in Geneva, Switzerland, October 22 through November 16, 2007. See, notice in the Federal Register, April 5, 2007 Vol. 72, Number 65, Notices, at Pages 16867-16868. See also, WRC-07 conference web site. Location: Dean Acheson Auditorium, Harry Truman Building, 2201 C St., NW.
1:00 PM. The House Homeland Security Committee's Subcommittee on Cybersecurity and Science and Technology may hold a hearing on cybersecurity of federal systems. The witnesses will include Jerry Dixon (Director of the DHS's National Cyber Security Division). Location: Room 1538, Longworth Building.
2:00 - 4:00 PM. The House Science Committee's (HSC) Subcommittee on Research & Science Education will meet to mark up HR __, a bill to authorize appropriations for FY 2008, 2009 and 2010 for the National Science Foundation (NSF). Location: Room 2318, Rayburn Building.
2:00 PM. The House Commerce Committee's (HCC) Subcommittee on Commerce, Trade, and Consumer Protection will meet to mark up HR 964, the "Securely Protect Yourself Against Cyber Trespass Act". Location: Room 2123, Rayburn Building.
Day two of a three day conference hosted by the ABA Section of Antitrust Law titled "55th Annual Spring Meeting". Press contact: Debbie Weixl at 312-988-6126 or orweixld at staff dot abanet dot org. See, ABA release and conference web site. Location: J.W. Marriott, 1331 Pennsylvania Ave., NW.
Day three of a three day workshop hosted by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and others titled "6th Annual PKI R&D Workshop: Applications-Driven PKI (It's The Apps, Stupid!)". See, notice. Location: NIST, Red Auditorium, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD.
9:00 AM - 4:00 PM. The Federal Communications Commission's (FCC) Public Safety and Homeland Security Bureau (PSHSB) will host an event titled "First Responders Summit: Interoperable and Reliable Public Safety Communications". The event will be audio webcast by the FCC. Location: FCC, Commission Meeting Room (TW-C305).
9:00 AM. - 5:00 PM. The American Enterprise Institute (AEI) and the Brookings Institute (BI) will host a conference titled "Is Excessive Regulation and Litigation Eroding U.S. Financial Competitiveness?". Commissioner Paul Atkins of the Securities and Exchange Commission will be the luncheon speaker. Judge Douglas Ginsburg of the U.S. Court of Appeals (DCCir) will speak on a panel titled "Shareholder Rights". See, notice. Location: AEI, 12th floor, 1150 17th St., NW.
2:00 - 3:00 PM. The Information Technology Association of America (ITAA) will host a webcast continuing legal education (CLE) seminar titled "When is an Email an Export? The ABCs of U.S. Export Controls". The speakers will be Linda Weinberg and Karen McGee (Barnes & Thornburg). For more information, contact Mark Uncapher at muncapher at itaa dot org. Audio download copies will be sold after the event.
6:00 PM. Deadline to submit to the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Applications to participate in Phase II 220 MHz Service Spectrum Auction No. 72. Bidding for Auction No. 72 is scheduled to begin on June 20, 2007. See, notice in the Federal Register, March 28, 2007, Vol. 72, No. 59, at Pages 14555-14572.
Day three of a three day conference hosted by the ABA Section of Antitrust Law titled "55th Annual Spring Meeting". Press contact: Debbie Weixl at 312-988-6126 or orweixld at staff dot abanet dot org. See, ABA release and conference web site. Location: J.W. Marriott, 1331 Pennsylvania Ave., NW.
8:30 AM - 5:00 PM. Day one of a two day workshop hosted by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) titled "Proof Positive: New Directions in ID Authentication". See, FTC release and notice in the Federal Register, February 26, 2007, Vol. 72, No. 37, at Pages 8381-8383. Location: FTC, Satellite Building Conference Center, 601 New Jersey Ave., NW.
12:15 - 1:30 PM. The Federal Communications Bar Association's (FCBA) Wireless Committee will host a luncheon panel discussion titled "Perspectives on the International MVNO Market". The speakers will include Esther Nunes (Pinheiro Neto-Advogados), a representative of Deloitte Touche, and others. See, registration form [PDF]. The price to attend is $15. The deadline for registrations and cancellations is 12:00 NOON on April 19. Location: Wiley Rein, main conference room, 1776 K St., NW.
Day one of a three day conference hosted by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) titled "Interoperability Week". See, notice. Location: NIST, Red Auditorium, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD.
Extended deadline to submit initial comments to the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in response to its Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) in its proceeding titled "In the Matter of Effects of Communications Towers on Migratory Birds". This NPRM [40 pages in PDF] is FCC 06-164 in WT Docket No. 03-187. The FCC adopted this NPRM on November 3, 2006. It released it on November 17, 2006. See, notice of extension [PDF].
? TIME? The Forum on Technology & Innovation will hold a forum. Location?
8:30 AM - 12:30 PM. Day two of a two day workshop hosted by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) titled "Proof Positive: New Directions in ID Authentication". See, FTC release and notice in the Federal Register, February 26, 2007, Vol. 72, No. 37, at Pages 8381-8383. Location: FTC, Satellite Building Conference Center, 601 New Jersey Ave., NW.
9:00 AM - 5:00 PM. The President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST) will meet. The co-chairs of the PCAST subcommittee on networking and information technology are scheduled to lead a discussion on the findings of the PCAST review of the Federal Networking and Information Technology Research and Development (NITRD) Program. See, notice in the Federal Register, April 10, 2007, Vol. 72, No. 68, at Page 17908. Location: Room 100, Keck Center of the National Academies, 500 5th St., NW.
10:00 AM. The Senate Commerce Committee (SCC) will hold a hearing titled "Communications, Broadband and Competitiveness: How Does the U.S. Measure Up?". See, notice. Location: Room 253, Russell Building.
CANCELLED. 12:00 NOON - 1:30 PM. The Federal Communications Bar Association's (FCBA) FCC Enforcement Practice Committee will host a brown bag lunch titled "Enforcement in Communications: A State Perspective". The speakers will include Mary Ellen Burns (Senior Counsel, New York State Attorney General's Office), Chana Wilkerson (Maryland Office of People's Counsel), and others. For more information, contact Christi Shewman at christi dot shewman at fcc dot gov. Location: Skadden Arps, conference center, 700 14th St., NW.
12:00 NOON - 2:00 PM. The DC Bar Association will host a panel discussion titled "The Orphan Works Dilemma: What is it and can it be fixed?". The speakers will be Maria Pallante (Deputy General Counsel, Copyright Office), Allan Adler (Association of American Publishers), and Victor Perlman (American Society of Media Photographers). See, notice. The price to attend ranges from $10-$30. For more information, call 202-626-4363. Location: DC Bar Conference Center, B-1 Level, 1250 H St., NW.
12:00 NOON. The President's Export Council will hold a meeting by teleconference to discuss its draft recommendation to the President regarding trade promotion authority (TPA). See, notice in the Federal Register, April 10, 2007, Vol. 72, No. 68, at Page 17838.
Day two of a three day conference hosted by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) titled "Interoperability Week". See, notice. Location: NIST, Red Auditorium, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD.
Tech Law Journal publishes a free access web site and subscription e-mail alert. The basic rate for a subscription to the TLJ Daily E-Mail Alert is $250 per year. However, there are discounts for subscribers with multiple recipients. Free one month trial subscriptions are available. Also, free subscriptions are available for journalists, federal elected officials, and employees of the Congress, courts, and executive branch. The TLJ web site is free access. However, copies of the TLJ Daily E-Mail Alert are not published in the web site until one month after writing. See, subscription information page.
P.O. Box 4851, Washington DC, 20008.
Copyright 1998-2007 David Carney, dba Tech Law Journal. All rights reserved.


text:
The Barrington River is a tidal extension of Runnins River in the U.S. states of Rhode Island and Massachusetts. It flows approximately 6 km (4 mi). There are no dams along the river's length.

History
It has also historically been important for shellfishing and boating. Since May 1998, the river has been permanently closed to fishing due to fecal coliform pollution.

Course
The river begins at Hundred Acre Cove which is fed to the north by Runnins River which is where the river flows into Seekonk, Massachusetts. The river then flows southeast to Barrington where it converges with the Warren River.

Crossings
Below is a list of all crossings over the Barrington River. The list starts at the headwaters and goes downstream.
Barrington
Massasoit Avenue
County Road (RI 103/114)

See also
Hundred Acre Cove, Barrington's quintessential salt water marshes home to Osprey nests and Terrapin turtle nesting sites in this wide open ecosystem that serves as a filtration system to Narragansett Bay. Great Blue Herons and Snowy Egrets dot the banks and landscape of the tidal marsh.
List of rivers in Rhode Island
Runnins River

References
Maps from the United States Geological Survey

Rivers of Providence County, Rhode Island
Rivers of Bristol County, Rhode Island
Rivers of Bristol County, Massachusetts
Narragansett Bay
Barrington, Rhode Island
Seekonk, Massachusetts
Rivers of Massachusetts
Rivers of Rhode Island

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
A man of pure imagination
By James Bickford|September 1, 2016
On Monday, the world lost a comedic legend in Gene Wilder.
The iconic comedy actor died from complications resulting from Alzheimer's Disease, which, according to nephew Jordan Walker-Perlman, he kept hidden from the world so as not to upset his younger fans. That he would do so is a perfect summation of the joy Wilder brought to the silver screen, the infectious enthusiasm he had for his craft and his commitment to bringing happiness to the world.
Wilder's career has always been intertwined with the films of the legendary Mel Brooks, with one of his first major roles in all cinema being Brooks' first feature film "The Producers." Though neither he nor Brooks were very experienced in Hollywood, and in spite of the fact that the film was a disappointment critically and commercially, the partnership proved fruitful. Wilder, having been nominated for an academy award for his performance in the film, would go on to act in two other films for Brooks, "Young Frankenstein" and a classic performance in "Blazing Saddles."
Wilder wrote, casted and starred in "Young Frankenstein" in 1974, with Brooks as co-writer and director, after a successful role in Woody Allen's 1973 film "Everything You Always Wanted to Know About Sex* (*But Were Afraid to Ask)" gave him some success. It was Brooks' first film in which he made no fourth wall breaking appearances, which Wilder asked him not to do. Wilder earned his second and final Academy Award nomination for his role as the titular character.
Although other roles gained him fame and fortune, it is through his legendary performance in 1971's cultural touchstone "Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory" that Wilder became best known. Despite the loathing of Roald Dahl, author of the book on which the film was based, Wilder received the role of eccentric candy factory owner Willy Wonka and made the role his own. The clothes Wonka wore, the way he spoke and even the details of his first scene were all devised by Wilder, who said that the scene in which Wonka pretends to have a limp before dropping the cane, somersaulting and jumping up was important to establish his untrustworthiness, according to a recent CBS news article.
Dahl disliked Wilder's performance, because he felt it took emphasis off of Charlie's story and made the film all about Wonka, according to a 2005 BBC article. Nevertheless, Wilder defined the character of Wonka, and to this day remains the iconic representation of the character, in spite of an attempt by Johnny Depp in 2005 to make the character his own.
Toward the end of his life, Wilder turned to writing books, writing three novels, a collection of short stories and a memoir.
The legacy Gene Wilder leaves behind is one of "pure imagination," to quote Willy Wonka. It is difficult to overstate his importance to the world of comedy, as his grand life and work has placed his performances at the heart of modern culture. His performance as Willy Wonka is an icon of children's entertainment, and has been parodied, homaged and referenced thousands of times throughout the years. His performances in "Blazing Saddles," "The Producers" and "Young Frankenstein" continue to provide laughs to audiences around the world. Humanity is a sadder species for his passing, but his legacy of humor and wonder will last for decades to come.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Home /Humor Tees/Nordstrom Rack Long Sleeve Shirt
Nordstrom Rack Long Sleeve Shirt
I know he still thinks of me (and sometimes sends me a message in his weak moments). That's my best example of the kind of bond/caring relationship I want to have (even if I only dated the guy a few times before he reconciled with his ex). Oh, and I also want a guy who doesn't quit and will stay with me while we work on our relationship.
Tom Trudgeon Sr., Arthur Smith and Ed Levens were selected by the executive committee will also be inducted. Levens, the long time Jefferson softball coach, will be this year coach. Trudgeon, the veteran selection, was the athletic director at Hopatcong and Newton girls basketball coach.
Children 5 and younger ride free. The shuttle stops at Washington and Main, and at Washington and State. Stadium Blvd., and Briarwood Mall (near Sears) on State and Eisenhower. He divorced his second wife, Nora Eddington, in 1949 and the following year married actress Patrice Wymore. By the mid 1950s, Flynn had become a physical wreck. Heavy alcohol and drug abuse had left him prematurely aged and bloated and was almost unbearable to see in one who had been worshipped for his looks.
I have to say one of my favorite moments so far was the roll call The post read something like, your Line of Dance support and tell us where you from maybe we can get all the way around the world. By the end of the day we had supporters from all over the continental US, to Canada, the UK, Hong Kong, Australia, France, and New Zealand. The Lineofdancers had definitely circumnavigated the globe and only just begun bunch of crazy ideas start in your head and, in my case, are either scribbled onto a napkin (and washed in the laundry) or end up on a hard drive.
This shows how dominant a voice he has become. But in fact Owen and his poems were barely known when he died in 1918. So how did he become such a central figure?. In fact one of the things that I found really worked, we had baby sign language, baby signing parties where it was almost similar to a Tupperware party in some respects. One mom would get ten of her friends together for maybe a mom and me club and I would go and talk to their group and we would all sit on the living room floor. And then after I taught them how to sign, then they would go and have coffee and cake.
Andrew was appointed in June 2016 having been the Group's Financial Controller since September 2015. He previously served as Financial Controller for Gabriel Resources Limited, a TSX listed resource company, from 2011 to 2015. (formerly Acergy MS), a subsea service provider to the oil and gas industry listed on the NASDAQ and Oslo Brs, and Financial Controller for Barloworld Holdings plc, a distributor for leading global brands, providing integrated rental, fleet management, product support and logistics solutions.
TAGS: Nordstrom Rack Long Sleeve Shirt


text:
Q: Beamer - Pause within inline math mode In the next MWE I created, there are 4 itemize texts associated with four components of an inline math mode equation. I would like that the math items are paused and appear exactly synchronously with the corresponding colored itemize texts. I know it is easy to be done when the math items are in different lines with \only<4>{} for instance. I could not find a way when all is inline.

\documentclass[fleqn,xcolor={dvipsnames,table}]{beamer}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}

% Thème CambridgeUS
\usetheme{CambridgeUS}
  \usecolortheme{rose}
    \setbeamercovered{transparent}

\setbeamertemplate{itemize items}[circle]
\setbeamertemplate{itemize subitem}[circle]
\setbeamercolor{itemize item}{fg = darkred}
\setbeamercolor{itemize subitem}{fg = darkred}
\setbeamercolor*{block title}{fg=darkred!90,
bg= blue!5}
\setbeamercolor*{block title example}{fg=violet!90,
bg= darkred!5}
\setbeamercolor{section in toc}{fg=black}
\setbeamercolor*{title}{bg=blue!5,fg=darkred}
\setbeamercolor{section in head/foot}{fg=white}
\setbeamertemplate{enumerate items}[default]
% \setbeamercolor*{enumerate item}{fg=darkred}
\setbeamercolor{local structure}{fg=darkred}

\definecolor{darkred}{rgb}{0.8,0,0}
% \definecolor{lightgreen}{rgb}{0.2,0.8,0.2}
% \definecolor{lightgreen}{rgb}{0.5, 1.0, 0.83}
\definecolor{lightgreen}{rgb}{0.52, 0.73, 0.4}
\definecolor{darkgreen}{rgb}{0.09, 0.45, 0.27}
\definecolor{dauphineblue}{rgb}{0.19,0.267,0.5176}
\definecolor{javerianablue}{rgb}{0,0.388,0.639}
\definecolor{darkgrey}{rgb}{0.66,0.66,0.66}

\begin{document}

  \begin{frame}
    \frametitle{RRSP - Objective function and parameter $F$, time duration of the failure}
    \begin{enumerate}[<+->]
      \item[1.] \textcolor{darkred}{(a) MWE text 1}
      \item[1.] \textcolor{darkred}{(b) MWE text 2}
      \item[1.] \textcolor{teal}{(c) MWE text 3}
      \item[2.] \textcolor{darkgreen}{MWE text 4}
    \end{enumerate}

    \pause\vspace*{0.5cm}\centering$\displaystyle \text{Minimize}\mathbin{\textcolor{darkred}{\sum_{h\in V} o_hy_{hh}}} + \mathbin{\textcolor{darkred}{\sum_{hh'\in E}r_{hh'}x_{hh'}}} + \mathbin{\textcolor{teal {\sum_{(c,h)\in A}s_{ch}y_{ch}}}  + \mathbin{\textcolor{darkgreen}{B}}$

  \end{frame}

\end{document}

A: You could use \uncover<>{} wherever you want, in particular, inside the math formulas. An example based on your MWE:
\documentclass[fleqn,xcolor={dvipsnames,table}]{beamer}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}

% Thème CambridgeUS
\usetheme{CambridgeUS}
  \usecolortheme{rose}
    \setbeamercovered{transparent}

\setbeamertemplate{itemize items}[circle]
\setbeamertemplate{itemize subitem}[circle]
\setbeamercolor{itemize item}{fg = darkred}
\setbeamercolor{itemize subitem}{fg = darkred}
\setbeamercolor*{block title}{fg=darkred!90,
bg= blue!5}
\setbeamercolor*{block title example}{fg=violet!90,
bg= darkred!5}
\setbeamercolor{section in toc}{fg=black}
\setbeamercolor*{title}{bg=blue!5,fg=darkred}
\setbeamercolor{section in head/foot}{fg=white}
\setbeamertemplate{enumerate items}[default]
% \setbeamercolor*{enumerate item}{fg=darkred}
\setbeamercolor{local structure}{fg=darkred}

\definecolor{darkred}{rgb}{0.8,0,0}
% \definecolor{lightgreen}{rgb}{0.2,0.8,0.2}
% \definecolor{lightgreen}{rgb}{0.5, 1.0, 0.83}
\definecolor{lightgreen}{rgb}{0.52, 0.73, 0.4}
\definecolor{darkgreen}{rgb}{0.09, 0.45, 0.27}
\definecolor{dauphineblue}{rgb}{0.19,0.267,0.5176}
\definecolor{javerianablue}{rgb}{0,0.388,0.639}
\definecolor{darkgrey}{rgb}{0.66,0.66,0.66}

\begin{document}

  \begin{frame}
    \frametitle{RRSP - Objective function and parameter $F$, time duration of the failure}
    \begin{enumerate}[<+->]
      \item[1.] \textcolor{darkred}{(a) MWE text 1}
      \item[1.] \textcolor{darkred}{(b) MWE text 2}
      \item[1.] \textcolor{teal}{(c) MWE text 3}
      \item[2.] \textcolor{darkgreen}{MWE text 4}
    \end{enumerate}

    \[
      \uncover<1->{\text{Minimize } \textcolor{darkred}{\sum_{h\in V} o_hy_{hh}}}
      \uncover<2->{+\textcolor{darkred}{\sum_{hh'\in E}r_{hh'}x_{hh'}}}
      \uncover<3->{+\textcolor{teal}{\sum_{(c,h)\in A}s_{ch}y_{ch}}}
      \uncover<4->{+\textcolor{darkgreen}{B}}
    \]
  \end{frame}

\end{document}

The result:

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: how to use sunburst plot from plotly to display the mean of each branch and not the sum/total? I am trying to use the sunburst plot from Plotly but to display the average value of each group and subgroup and not the sum because my data points are rates.
is there a way I can get the plot for the averages ?
this is the plot I got

I checked if it is displaying sums using groupby :

but i want the values to be these


COMPLETELY REFURBISHED THREE BEDROOM MAISONETTE WITH THREE BATHROOMS. The property benefits from en-suites to two bedrooms, large open plan Kitchen/Lounge and a family bathroom with separate WC. The property will be offered furnished or unfurnished and is available from begining of May 2019.


The First Battle of Boonville was a minor skirmish of the American Civil War, occurring on June 17, 1861, near Boonville in Cooper County, Missouri. Although casualties were extremely light, the battle's strategic impact was far greater than one might assume from its limited nature. The Union victory established what would become an unbroken Federal control of the Missouri River, and helped to thwart efforts to bring Missouri into the Confederacy.
Four battles were fought at Boonville during the Civil War: the first battle forms the main subject of this article, while the others are described below under other battles at Boonville.
At the onset of the Civil War, Missouri, like many Border States in the Union, was deeply divided over whether to support the United States under Abraham Lincoln, or join the nascent Confederacy under Jefferson Davis. Claiborne F. Jackson, the pro-Southern governor, wanted his state to secede, but Missouri's overall sentiment was initially neutral. An elected State convention did not pass a secession ordinance, as Jackson had hoped it might.
However, pro-secession elements did not let this setback dissuade them. They seized the small Federal armory in Liberty, Missouri, planning to subsequently confiscate a much more sizable stock of weapons located at the St. Louis Arsenal. This plot was temporarily thwarted by an energetic young officer, Captain Nathaniel Lyon. Lyon allied himself with Missouri Congressman Frank Blair and anti-slavery German immigrants in St. Louis to secure the arsenal for the Union. In the process, Lyon used a mixed force of U.S. Army Regulars and Federally enrolled Missouri Volunteers (mostly ethnic Germans) to capture the Missouri Volunteer Militia (MVM) which had assembled (purportedly for an innocuous annual drill) at Camp Jackson on the outskirts of St. Louis on May 10, 1861.
When Lyon unwisely attempted to march his prisoners through the streets of St. Louis, a deadly riot erupted. The Missouri General Assembly, convened an emergency session that night, and passed a series of emergency bills creating the Missouri State Guard, and granting Governor Jackson near-dictatorial powers to take any actions necessary to "repel invasion" (by Federal forces) and "suppress insurrection" (by Missourians enlisted in Federal forces). The new State Guard began organizing statewide in nine decentralized military districts, initially structured around the independent militia companies of the pre-Camp Jackson MVM. State Guard authorities also worked to manage the large numbers of volunteers who flooded into Jefferson City to protect the state capitol from Federal attack that Jackson's supporters believed were imminent.
Attempts were made to reconcile the two sides. A semi-formal truce was negotiated between General William S. Harney Commander of the Western Department of the U.S. Army and Missouri State Guard Major General Sterling Price. They agreed to maintain order in the parts of the state under the control of their various forces, protect the persons and property of all persons, and avoid actions which might excite conflict. Harney unofficially agreed to (generally) restrict Federal forces to metropolitan St. Louis. Price ordered that the mustering of Missouri State Guard volunteers in Jefferson City be halted. Instead, potential guardsmen were directed to muster with regional commanders in nine new Military Districts, the organizational course of action initially envisioned under the post-May 10 Military Bill.
General Harney understood that Price would hold the state for the Union and, in fact, Price promised him that, should Confederate forces enter Missouri, the MSG would fight alongside the U.S. Army to drive the Confederates out. At the same time, however, representatives from Governor Jackson and Missouri's Lt Governor, Thomas C. Reynolds were meeting with Confederate authorities asking them to send an army into Missouri. They promised Confederate President Jefferson Davis that the Missouri State Guard would cooperate with the Confederate Army to drive Federal forces from Missouri and "liberate" the state.
Missouri Unionists felt that Harney's confidence in Governor Jackson and General Price was dangerously misplaced, and that Harney's unilateral adherence to the "truce" was endangering the state. In a stream of letters and cables to the Lincoln government, they demanded Harney's removal, and eventually on May 30, General Harney was superseded by (recently promoted) Brigadier General Nathaniel Lyon.
Governor Jackson and General Price fled toward the capital at Jefferson City, arriving there on June 12. They ordered the bridges on the main rail lines burned. After quickly concluding that Jefferson City could not be held, Jackson and the State Guard departed for Boonville, the next day. General Lyon promptly set out after them by steamboat, with two Federal volunteer regiments, a company of U.S. regulars and a battery of artillery — about 1,700 men in all. His goal was to seize the capital and disperse the State Guard.
Price hoped to buy enough time to consolidate State Guard units from Lexington and Boonville, though he planned to withdraw from Boonville if Lyon approached. State Guard Colonel John S. Marmaduke's unit began organizing at Boonville, while Brig. Gen. Mosby M. Parsons was instructed to take up a position 20 miles (32 km) to the south in Tipton. At this juncture, Price left Boonville due to illness and joined the forces assembling at Lexington. This was unfortunate, as it left the governor—a politician—in charge. Instead of retreating, Jackson decided to make a stand, because he feared political fallout if he made another withdrawal. Many of his men were eager to face the enemy, but they were armed only with shotguns and hunting rifles, and lacked sufficient training to fight effectively at the time. Colonel Marmaduke was opposed to giving battle, but he reluctantly assumed command of the waiting state forces.
Lyon, meanwhile, had reached Jefferson City on June 15, learning that Jackson and Price had retreated towards Boonville. Leaving behind 300 troops of the 2nd Missouri Volunteers to secure the capital, Lyon resumed his pursuit of Price on June 16, landing about 8 miles (13 km) below Boonville on June 17. Informed of Lyon's approach, Jackson attempted to call up Parsons' command at Tipton, but it was unable to arrive in time.
After disembarking, Lyon's troops marched along the Rocheport Road toward Boonville at around 7 am. Part of Marmaduke's eager but ill-equipped State Guard force waited on a ridge behind the bluff, totaling about 500 men. They had no artillery support, since it was all with Parsons at Tipton. Inexplicably, Governor Jackson, observing from a mile or so away, held his only reasonably disciplined and organized command the long established (St. Louis) Washington Blues militia company (usually known as "Captain Kelly's Company") in reserve; it would take no part in the battle.
Lyon's command encountered State Guard pickets as they approached the bluffs, but Lyon deployed skirmishers and continued to push his men forward rapidly. The Union artillery (Captain Totten's battery, Company F, 2nd U.S. Lt Artillery) quickly displaced sharpshooters stationed in the William Adams house, while Union infantry closed with the line of guardsmen and fired several volleys into them, causing them to retreat. This portion of the fighting lasted barely 20 minutes. Some attempts were made to rally and resist the Federal advance, but these collapsed when a Union company flanked the Guard's line, supported by cannon fire from a light howitzer on the river steamer Augustus McDowell. As Marmaduke feared, the Guard's retreat rapidly turned into a rout. The guardsmen fled back through Camp Bacon and the town of Boonville; some continued on to their homes, while the rest retreated with the Governor to the southwest corner of Missouri. Lyon took possession of Boonville at 11 am.
Federal casualties were light, with five men killed or mortally wounded and seven less seriously injured. There are no reliable figures of casualties for the Missouri State Guard: but it appears five were killed or mortally wounded and ten wounded, while about 60 to 80 were captured. Lyon seized the State Guard's supplies and equipment, which included two iron 6-pounder cannon without ammunition, 500 obsolete flintlock muskets, 1,200 pairs of shoes, a few tents, and food.
The real impact of the Battle of Boonville was strategic, far out of proportion to the minimal loss of life. The Battle of Boonville effectively ejected the secessionist forces from the center of Missouri, and secured the state for the Union. Price realized he could not hold Lexington and retreated, though he would return three months later to re-take the city. Secessionist communications to the strongly pro-Confederate Missouri River valley were effectively cut, and would-be recruits from slave-owning regions north of the Missouri River found it difficult to join the Southern army. Provisions and supplies also could no longer be obtained from this section of the state.
A second result of the battle was demoralization. While the Missouri State Guard would fight and win on other days (most notably at Wilson's Creek and Lexington just two and three months later, respectively), it was badly dispirited by this early defeat. Lyon's victory gave the Union forces time to consolidate their hold on the state, while Marmaduke's disappointment led him to resign from the Missouri State Guard and seek a regular commission in the Confederate Army. Marmaduke and Price would team up again during Price's Missouri Raid of 1864, culminating in their defeat at the Battle of Westport on October 23 of that year, which in turn put an end to significant Confederate operations in the state.
The Second Battle of Boonville was fought on September 13, 1861, when Colonel William Brown of the Missouri State Guard led 800 men in an attack on 140 pro-Union Boonville Home Guardsmen while the Union soldiers were eating breakfast. Due to rain, the Confederates wrapped their flags in black sheathing, which the Home Guard mistook as a sign of no quarter. Highly motivated by a perception that the fight was one of "victory or death", the Home Guardsmen managed to defeat the State Guard troops, killing Colonel Brown in the process.
The Third Battle of Boonville was fought on October 11, 1863, during Shelby's Great Raid, and saw General Joseph Shelby's troops engage Union forces in the city. When Federal reinforcements arrived the next day, the Confederates retreated westward.
The Fourth Battle of Boonville was fought on October 11, 1864 between Unionists and elements of General Sterling Price's Army of Missouri, who had occupied the town. This skirmish resulted in a Confederate victory, though Price's forces abandoned the city the following day.


text:
Friday 27 January 2023 - 6:06:31 am
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Wed 18-08-2021 20:51 PM
UAE sends relief plane to Ethiopia's Tigray Region
ABU DHABI, 18th August, 2021 (WAM) -- The UAE, in cooperation with the World Food Programme (WFP), has sent an aircraft carrying food supplies to the city of Mek'ele in Tigray region, Ethiopia, to support the humanitarian effort and help to address quickly the needs of thousands of civilians.
The Emirati humanitarian team accompanied the aircraft and supervised the distribution of rations and food supplies. They conducted interviews with international organisations to determine the needs, especially for the most vulnerable groups, such as women, children and the elderly.
The UAE, which sent 200 tonnes of food supplies to the Tigray region, will support the humanitarian efforts in the region in cooperation with United Nations organisations, given the region's suffering from conflict conditions and the spread of the COVID-19 virus, in support of the stance of the UAE and its leadership with Ethiopia and all peoples of the world to overcome humanitarian crises.
Mohamed Salem Al-Rashidi, Ambassador of the UAE to Ethiopia, said that the UAE is keen on supporting the humanitarian effort in the Tigray region in light of the sparse food supplies.
"The United Nations World Food Programme (WFP) welcomes this generous contribution from the United Arab Emirates of 200 metric tons of vegetable oil to its emergency relief food response in Tigray. Food supplies are currently running low in the region and WFP plans to deliver the vegetable oil from UAE along with other food, fuel and humanitarian supplies to Tigray by road as soon as possible. We appreciate this timely support from the UAE." said Michael Dunford, WFP's Regional Director for Eastern Africa and Corporate Response Director for Tigray.
In another statement, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation expressed the UAE's full solidarity with the Ethiopian people and renewed its call for a commitment to deescalation and returning to dialogue for peace, stability and national unity.
WAM/Hazem Hussein/Tariq alfaham
Emirates News Agency
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In the spirit of trying new things for the new year (and being desperate to prevent injury this year), I am going to do 30 burpees every day. I stumbled on a Runner's World article where the author talks about her progression over the course of 15 days. I will be using her description of the burpee (squat, kick-out, pushup, squat, jump). I know there are many variations, but I can do 30 pushups and I can do 30 squats, so now it's just the dreaded part of putting it with the kickouts. I like that she progressed from 3 sets of 10 burpees with a one minute rest, then dropped 15 seconds of rest every three days.
If I can continue this until the end of the month, I'll explore adding something more to this. But for now, it's day 1 of this self-imposed challenge, and we'll see how long it lasts.
I did not complete this challenge. I got through Jan 10, and then I just stopped making the time to do them. I'm not even sure that I was doing anything for my body. I really do loathe burpees. No matter how many I do, how often I do them, or what else I mix them with… I never really feel like I make any progress at getting better with them. I always end with a massive headache, and it just doesn't make me feel good.
Now I'm off to find a different exercise I can attempt to do for 30 days (or so).


When we were very young, we used pencils.
Because we made mistakes a lot and could erase soon.
But when we grow up, we use pens and can't erase soon.
Yesterday I had lunch meeting with 8 young Japanese Entrepreneurs.
They have big dreams. They are doing good business around the home and abroad.
I learned a lot and got good stimulation from them.
Thanks to all for having time .Appreciate !!
Yesterday I had a speech at Bangladesh school.


Barnsley U23s travel to Millwall on Friday afternoon in the Professional Development League looking to stretch their unbeaten run to ten games.
The young Reds drew 0-0 with Sheffield Wednesday in blustery conditions at the Oakwell Training Ground last time out as they continue to end the campaign strongly.
Results elsewhere last week mean that Martin Devaney's side can't climb the table with victory at the Den, but they can close the gap to Crewe Alexandra and Bolton Wanderers – providing the aforementioned teams fail to win.
Millwall are currently fourth in the south league and ran out 2-0 winners against high-flying Birmingham City in their last outing.
Mason Saunders-Henry was on target for the Lions in that game, and he will be the one to watch in south east London on Friday afternoon. The 19-year-old midfielder has nine goals to his name in 21 appearances this campaign.
After going eight games unbeaten earlier this season, Kevin Nugent's side then lost seven of their next 11 fixtures – including a 5-0 drubbing against leaders Ipswich Town at the end of January.
Statistics suggest that was a freak result for Millwall, who have the second-best defensive record across both divisions. Only Birmingham (23) have conceded fewer goals than the Lions (27) this campaign, although Friday's hosts haven't been quite as prolific in the final third.
Like Barnsley, Millwall have found the net 32 times – only five teams in the Professional Development League have scored fewer goals. However, the Reds have netted half of that tally in their last nine games and are very much on an upward curve.
The last time these two sides met, Barnsley ran out 3-0 winners at Oakwell back in September 2017 with Cameron McGeehan scoring twice before Mamadou Thiam completed the rout.
You can find out how Martin Deveney's youngsters fare by attending the game at the Den on Friday, kick-off at 2pm. Tickets are priced at £5 for adults and £1 for under 16s. Alternatively, you can follow updates on our official Academy Twitter account: @AcademyBFC.
Barnsley U23s continued their unbeaten run with a hard-fought 0-0 draw away to Millwall on Friday afternoon.
Two wonder goals saw the young Reds claim victory against Millwall in their final home game of the season on Saturday.
Can't make it to Burton Albion on Saturday but still want your weekly Barnsley fix?
After police advice and consultation with Millwall FC, the kick off time has now been brought forward.


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Q: google "i am feeling lucky" by url has sensative words? I am not too sure where to ask it, but I have an odd problem with my automate google I am feeling lucky function I am using in my code.
That appears to be a problem with the google search itself.
I've been using javascript node-fetch by calling the URL http://www.google.com/search?q=${string}&btnI
This URL provides me with the result of the "I am feeling lucky" google result, everything seemed to be working fine until I tried to pass it the word "alvastia", then it performs a regular search.
http://www.google.com/search?q=alvastia&btnI // results in regular google search.
http://www.google.com/search?q=stackoverflow&btnI // results in the stackoverflow page as result of I am feeling lucky

What am I missing here??


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Home › Midnight In The Desert › Airliners And F-15s Involved In Bizarre Encounter With Mystery Aircraft Over Oregon
Airliners And F-15s Involved In Bizarre Encounter With Mystery Aircraft Over Oregon
Posted by K R on November 17, 2017
Something quite out of the ordinary occurred in the skies over Oregon on October 25th, 2017. A mystery aircraft was flying in daylight hours among the steady stream of airliners that traverse from south to north, between locales in California and Nevada and cities like Portland and Seattle and beyond. The incident began, at least as best we can tell, around 4:30pm near the California-Oregon border and resulted in multiple pilot eyewitnesses, recorded air traffic control audio, and eventual confirmations from both the FAA and North American Aerospace Command (NORAD) that it did indeed occur. The first inklings of the story came to me shortly after the incident occurred from friends of mine in the aviation world. Sparse on details at the time, it sounded like it was probably just another one of the often misconstrued incidents that happen in the skies around the US everyday—ones where aircraft with inoperable radios or transponders stray into areas they shouldn't. And sometimes these occurrences result in local fighter jets paying the wayward aircraft a visit at the direction of NORAD. But days after initially blowing off the incident, it later began to seem that there was indeed more to the story than just than another "NORDO" private aircraft or lackadaisical pilot. I came upon one Reddit thread that was of particular interest that seemed to not only corroborate the strange account, it also added critical details. The post was supposedly penned by a pilot who says they were in the sky over the Northwest in the early evening when the incident occurred, with the post coming shortly after the incident. The entry by Reddit user "Duprass" reads:
"Just landed in Seattle coming from the bay area. Beginning over Southern Oregon we kept overhearing Seattle Center attempting to track an airplane with no transponder who wasn't talking. A handful of crews were able to track it visually, best they could tell it was between FL350-370 <35,000-37,000 feet>, northbound. Nobody close enough to see the type. Last we heard it was over the Willamette valley northbound and some fighters, perhaps out of PDX , were scrambled to go take a peek. Center had trouble tracking it on primary radar. Strange! My theory is they were running drugs to Canada. No news yet, not that I could find. **Update 0500z. Called SEA ARTCC. The gentleman I spoke with said that they initially got alerted to the aircraft from Oakland Center who was painting it on primary . For whatever reason they couldn't track it themselves on primary, and that's when I overheard them using airline aircraft to track it visually. The last airplane to see it had to descend into Portland and lost sight of it. The fighters were scrambled out of PDX but flew around for a while and did not find it. And that's that."
Air traffic control audio recorded over at LiveATC.com of Seattle Center Sector 14 is available from the time of the incident and it corroborates much of this information.
Read and Listen to More: The Drive
Tags: aircraft, Category_News>Oddities, MITD, ufos


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Reclassification-Justifiable Ruling
The Birmingham Police Department reports detectives have received a ruling in connection to the homicide investigation of Reginald Horn. The incident occurred on Saturday, September 12, 2020.
Investigators presented the information gathered to the Jefferson County District Attorney's office for review. Following the assessment, the Jefferson County District Attorney's Office ruled the actions justifiable. This investigation is reclassified as a Justified Death Investigation.
The Birmingham Police Department has 71 homicides thus far in 2020, 13 justifiable death investigations, and 1 non-criminal homicide. The Birmingham Police Department adheres to FBI Uniform Crime Reporting guidelines set for all law enforcement agencies across the United States. FBI Uniform Crime Reporting guidelines do not require law enforcement agencies to include justifiable death investigations into the total homicide investigations counts.
The Birmingham Police Department reports detectives are conducting a homicide investigation. The incident occurred on Saturday, September 12, 2020.
The deceased has been identified as Reginald Horn, (22), B/M, of Birmingham, Alabama.
The Birmingham Police Department received a notification from the Jefferson County Sheriff's Office to be on the look out for a white sedan involved in a possible domestic related kidnapping. Shortly after, BPD was alerted by Fultondale Police Department that the vehicle involved was located nearby the 2200 block of 30th Avenue North. Officers from North Precinct arrived in the area and reported hearing a gunshot. Officers located the subject Reginald Horn lying outside a car unresponsive suffering from an apparent gunshot wound. Horn was pronounced deceased on the scene by Birmingham Fire and Rescue.
The preliminary investigation suggest the bolo from Jefferson County was initiated after a female involved in a romantic relationship with Horn reported she and her sibling were being held against their will. Reginald Horn reportedly drove them to 2001 30th Ave North were a physical altercation ensued resulting in Horn being fatally wounded. The motive in this homicide appears to be domestic in nature. There were persons of interest detained for further questioning. No arrest have been made. This is an ongoing investigation. Updates will be provided as further details develop.
This is Birmingham's 71st homicide investigation of 2020 and 10 justifiable death investigations and 1 non-criminal homicide (accidental shooting). The Birmingham Police Department adheres to FBI Uniform Crime Reporting guidelines set for all law enforcement agencies across the United States. FBI Uniform Crime Reporting guidelines do not require law enforcement agencies to include justifiable death investigations into the total homicide investigations counts.
Media Release 205- Suspect Photo-Kartavius Vines


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FREDERICTON (GNB) – Responses were issued by several departments today regarding recent recommendations by the Child Death Review Committee in the deaths of three children whose families were known to the Department of Social Development.
The committee reviews the deaths of children under the age of 19, including those who were in the legal care of the Minister of Social Development, or whose families were in contact with the Department of Social Development within 12 months before the child's death.
That an educational program or information session be conducted for children in middle school and high school on the dangers of the "choking game," which is also referred to as the "pass out game" or "space monkey game". This subject matter is not only a matter of public safety, but also a health issue; therefore, the committee would recommend that agencies such as police and the departments of Health and Education and Early Childhood Development, through their community-based and school programs, promote awareness of such a dangerous activity.
The minister of Education and Early Childhood Development advises that this recommendation will be reviewed by relevant staff to ensure that school personnel and students are aware of this dangerous practice. In general, health curricula in both the anglophone and the francophone education sectors do include information regarding healthy decision-making and positive peer relationships.
That the Province of New Brunswick, upon the discharge of any newborn child, reinforce educational information regarding the dangers of tobacco smoke and second-hand smoke to all parents and/or legal guardians.
The minister of Health responded that certain measures are already in place to make parents aware of the dangers of tobacco smoke.
All New Brunswick parents receive a series of books called Loving Care: Birth to 6 Months, Loving Care: 6 to 12 Months, and Loving Care: Parent and Families prior to discharge from the hospital following the birth of their baby. Each book has a section that addresses the importance of a smoke-free home and car for the health of the baby and family.
A public health nurse completes a priority assessment of all newborns prior to their discharge from the hospital to determine their eligibility for the Healthy Families, Healthy Babies program. Tobacco use is assessed and discussed with the parent as part of this assessment. Intensive home visits by public health nurses are offered to eligible children and their families based on the outcome of the priority assessment, with tobacco use contributing to the priority score.
use of available community and social supports.
That the minister of Environment and Local Government, in an effort to limit child access to backyard pools, enact legislation to require four-sided fencing of a minimum height of four feet (1.22 metres), self-closing and self-latching gate(s), and the retrofitting of fencing for existing in-ground, above ground and inflatable pools.
The minister of Environment and Local Government advises that the requirements recommended by the committee are currently required in the New Brunswick Regulation 81-126 under the Community Planning Act, referred to as the Provincial Building Regulation. This regulation applies in local service districts and local governments that do not have building bylaws in place.
The Department of Environment and Local Government is committed to engaging the local governance sector to explore legislation as recommended, and to look at the rules that are currently set out.
The Child Death Review Committee advises the Office of the Chief Coroner, which is part of the Department of Public Safety.


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Luke Shelton, PhD (Editor-In-Chief)
Live Knudsen, MA (Copy Editor)
Nick Polk (Production Editor)
Editorial Review Board
Sara Brown, PhD
Faculty chair for Language and Literature
Signum University
Sara Brown lives in North Wales, UK, and is Faculty chair for Language and Literature at Signum University. She has been with Signum since 2012 and is the longest serving preceptor in the Language and Literature Faculty, working on courses that have included 'Modern Fantasy' with Corey Olsen, 'Tolkien's World of Middle-earth' with Verlyn Flieger, 'Roots of the Mountain' with Doug Anderson, 'Cultural Studies and Audience Reception of The Lord of the Rings' with Robin Reid and 'Celtic Myth in Children's Fantasy' with Dimitra Fimi. In 2017, Sara presented her own 12-week lecture series entitled 'Tolkien in Context: Middle-earth as a Roadmap to Twentieth-Century Anxieties', which explored Tolkien's writing as a response to modernity. Besides her BA (Hons) in English and History, Sara has a Masters degree in International History from the London School of Economics, for which she wrote a thesis on The Problem of the Gold Standard in International Politics and Economics in the Nineteenth Century. She completed her Ph.D. in Literature at Salford University in 2013. Entitled From Abjection to Alchemy in J.R.R. Tolkien's Middle-earth Legendarium, the thesis explores the way in which Tolkien was responding to the anxieties of the post-war world in the mid twentieth century, drawing on (amongst others) the theories of Julia Kristeva and Donna Haraway. She believes it's a real page-turner. Sara has given a number of lectures at various conferences on the topics of Tolkien, fantasy fiction, and fandom, and is regularly seen at Tolkien Society events in the UK.
Janet Brennan Croft
Associate University Librarian for Content Discovery
Janet Brennan Croft is Liaison to English, Cinema Studies, Linguistics, and the School of Communication and Information and Librarian for Copyright Education and Disability Services at the University of Northern Iowa. She earned her Master of Library Science degree at Indiana University in 1983. She is the author of War in the Works of J.R.R. Tolkien (Praeger, 2004; winner of the Mythopoeic Society Award for Inklings Studies) and several book chapters on the Peter Jackson films; she has published articles on J.R.R. Tolkien, J.K. Rowling, Terry Pratchett, Lois McMaster Bujold, and other authors, and is editor or co-editor of many collections of literary essays, the most recent being Baptism of Fire: The Birth of British Fantasy in World War I (Mythopoeic Press, 2016). She has also written widely on library issues, and is the author of Legal Solutions in Electronic Reserves and the Electronic Delivery of Interlibrary Loan (Haworth, 2004). She edits the refereed scholarly journal Mythlore and serves on the board of the Mythopoeic Press, and is Archivist for Slayage, the journal of the Whedon Studies Association.
Dimitra Fimi, PhD
Senior Lecturer in Fantasy and Children's Literature
Dr Dimitra Fimi is Senior Lecturer in Fantasy and Children's Literature and Co-Director of the Centre for Fantasy and the Fantastic at the University of Glasgow. Her first monograph, Tolkien, Race and Cultural History: From Fairies to Hobbits (Palgrave Macmillan, 2008) won the Mythopoeic Scholarship Award in Inklings Studies. She co-edited the first critical "extended" edition of J.R.R. Tolkien's essay "A Secret Vice", in which Tolkien theorizes his language invention (A Secret Vice: Tolkien on Invented Languages, HarperCollins, 2016), which won the Tolkien Society Award for Best Book. Her latest monograph, Celtic Myth in Contemporary Children's Fantasy: Idealization, Identity, Ideology (Palgrave Macmillan, 2017) won the Mythopoeic Scholarship Award in Myth and Fantasy Studies. She has published widely in journals and edited collections and contributes regularly to radio and TV programmes. She sits on the editorial board of the Journal of Tolkien Research, the Journal of the Fantastic in the Arts, and the Literary Encyclopedia. Many of her published articles and essays are accessible open access from her website.
Nelson Goering, PhD
British Academy Postdoctoral Fellowship
Nelson Goering hails from the Ocooch 'Mountains' in Wisconsin, and holds a DPhil in Comparative Philology and General Linguistics from the University of Oxford. His research interests centre on the linguistics of the older Germanic and Indo-European languages, and he has a particular love for Old English, Old Saxon, Old Norse, Gothic, Old Persian, and Avestan. His DPhil research focused on the phonological aspects of Germanic alliterative metre , and his current research project, a British Academy postdoctoral fellowship at Oxford, is on Norse influence on Middle English prosody. Nelson is a lifelong reader of Tolkien, and he is especially interested in the intersection of Tolkien's philological academic life with his creative works.
Andrew Higgins, PhD
Imperial War Museums in the UK
Dr. Andrew Higgins received a PhD in 2015 from Cardiff Metropolitan University. His PhD thesis 'The Genesis of Tolkien's Mythology' explored the first major expression of Tolkien's mythology The Book of Lost Tales materials, with a specific emphasis on the interrelated nature of myth and language in Tolkien's earliest world-building. He co-edited with Dr. Dimitra Fimi a new edition of Tolkien's talk on language invention 'A Secret Vice'. This new variorum edition, A Secret Vice: Tolkien on Language Invention, was published by HarperCollins in April 2016. Andrew has also Tolkien and language related papers published in A Wilderness of Dragons: Essays in Honour of Verlyn Flieger (2018) and Sub-Creating Arda: World-Building in J.R.R. Tolkien's Work from Walking Tree Press (2019). He will also have a paper "The Gothic World Building of Dark Shadows' published in a new volume on world-building edited by Mark JP Wolf in 2020. Andrew has given Tolkien related papers at The International Medieval Congresses at Kalamazoo and Leeds, The Enchanted Edwardians Conference in Bristol and at the UK Tolkien Society. He has contributed articles and book reviews to Tolkien Studies, The Journal of Tolkien Research, Mallorn and Mythlore. He has taught a fourteen-week online course on language invention at Mythgard Institute/Signum University where he also serves as a board member. Andrew is the Director of Development at the Imperial War Museums in the UK and is also a trustee of the UK Tolkien Society and British Youth Opera.
Yvette Kisor, PhD
Professor of English and Literary Studies
Yvette Kisor is Professor of English and Literary Studies at Ramapo College of New Jersey where she teaches medieval literature as well as courses on the works of J. R. R. Tolkien. Her essays on Tolkien have appeared in Tolkien Studies and Mythlore, as well as various edited collections. She is co-author with Christopher T. Vaccaro of the edited collection Tolkien and Alterity (Palgrave, 2017). Her essays on medieval literature, particularly Old English texts, include publications in Anglo-Saxon England, The Chaucer Review, and ANQ. She is co-author with Michael D. C. Drout of Beowulf Unlocked: New Evidence from Lexomic Analysis (Palgrave, 2016).
Kristine Larsen, PhD
Professor of Astronomy
Dr. Kristine Larsen is an astronomy professor at Central Connecticut State University. Her teaching and research focus on the intersections between science and society, including gender and the history of astronomy, depictions of scientists in popular media, and the use (and misuse) of astronomical allusions in popular media (in particular in the works of J.R.R. Tolkien). She is the author of Particle Panic! How Popular Media and Popularized Science Feed Public Fears of Particle Accelerator Experiments (2019), The Women Who Popularized Geology in the 19th Century (2017), Cosmology 101 (2007), and Stephen Hawking: A Biography (2005). She is the recipient of the 2020 Tolkien Society Best Paper Award.
Mariana Rios Maldonado, MA
PhD Candidate
Mariana Rios Maldonado completed her undergraduate studies in Literature and Spanish Linguistics at the Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Mexico and her master's degree in Comparative Literature at the Peter Szondi Institute in Berlin's Freie Universität. Her research focuses on the influence of Germanic mythology and culture in contemporary literature, Germanophonic fantastic literature between the 18th and 20th centuries, as well as J.R.R. Tolkien's literary production. Mariana is currently a PhD candidate in Comparative Literature at the University of Glasgow's School of Modern Languages and Cultures with the research project "Ethics, Femininity and the Encounter with the Other in J.R.R. Tolkien's Middle-earth Narratives", funded by the Mexican National Council for Science and Technology (CONACYT) as well as Mexico's National Foundation for Fine Arts and Literature (Fundación INBA).
Rukmini Pande, PhD
Assistant Professor in Literary Studies
O.P Jinda Globall University
Dr. Rukmini Pande is an Assistant Professor in Literary Studies at O.P Jinda Globall University, India. She is currently part of the editorial board of the Journal of Fandom Studies and has been published in multiple edited collections including the Wiley Companion to Media Fandom and Fan Studies and The Routledge Handbook of Popular Culture Tourism. She has also been published in peer reviewed journals such as Transformative Works and Cultures and The Journal for Feminist Studies. Her monograph, Squee From The Margins: Race in Fandom, was published in 2018 by the University of Iowa Press. Her upcoming edited collection, Fandom, Now In Color: A Collection of Voices, brings together cutting-edge scholarship on race/ism in fandom. It is projected to be out by the end of 2020
Robin Anne Reid, PhD
Independent Scholar
Dr. Robin Anne Reid retired as professor in Literature and Languages at Texas A&M University-Commerce in May 2020. She will continue publishing as an independent scholar rather than applying for emerita status due to strong disagreements with current university administrative actions and policies. Her teaching areas were creative writing, critical theory, and marginalized literatures. She co-directed two N. E. H Institutes for School Teachers on Teaching Tolkien (2004, 2009) with Dr. Judy Ann Ford, History. They also team-taught classes on Tolkien and published collaborative scholarship. She publishes on femininisms, critical race, and queer approaches to science fiction and fantasy, Tolkien, and fanfiction, and looks forward to having more time for scholarship in retirement.
Anna Smol, PhD
Mount Saint Vincent University
Anna Smol is a Professor of English at Mount Saint Vincent University in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, where she teaches courses on Tolkien, medievalism, and Old English literature. Her publications and reviews have appeared in Tolkien Studies, Mythlore, Modern Fiction Studies, and the Journal of Tolkien Research as well as in various edited collections, the most recent being A Wilderness of Dragons: Essays in Honor of Verlyn Flieger and "Something Has Gone Crack": New Perspectives on Tolkien in the Great War. She has also written about medieval adaptations in children's literature and about pedagogy in higher education, including articles about teaching Tolkien in Fandom as Classroom Practice: A Teaching Guide and in MLA Approaches to Teaching Tolkien's Lord of the Rings and Other Works. She has presented papers at international medieval conferences in Leeds and Kalamazoo, at various Tolkien Society events, the Popular Culture Association, and the Tolkien Vermont Conference. Her current research focuses on Tolkien's alliterative compositions and his typological mythopoesis. You can find her on her blog, A Single Leaf, or on twitter.


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Posts with category : Ross Brawn.
Showing posts with label Ross Brawn. Show all posts
Mercedes AMG Petronas links up with Tata Communications
Mercedes AMG Petronas confirmed a new partnership with Tata Communications which will see the delivery of world-class trackside connectivity for the team at all Formula One race locations using the Tata Communicationsglobal network. With the new partnership,
Mercedes AMG Petronas launches 2013 Silver Arrow in Jerez
6.2.13 Wheelsology No comments
The Mercedes AMG Petronas Formula One Team unveiled its 2013 Formula One car, the F1 W04, at the Jerez circuit in southern Spain. Nico Rosberg and Lewis Hamilton arrived at the official photo call at the wheel of two Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupe Black Series,
Mercedes AMG Petronas and Starwood agree partnership
The Mercedes AMG Petronas Formula One Team is delighted to confirm a new relationship with Starwood Hotels and Resorts, who become an official Team Partner with effect from the Spanish Grand Prix this weekend.
Announced by Nick Fry and Michael Schumacher at the W Hotel in


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Q: Implementing a TCP/IP JSONRPC connection in C# - Need design Advice I'm working on implementing a JSON RPC connection over TCP/IP and I have one fundamental issue. Currently I'm using a synchronous approach, which works well.
I can send
{"id":1,"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"Input.Home"}

and receive
{"id":1,"jsonrpc":"2.0","result":true}

This works with no problems. The issue arises when I receive notifications. These can arrive unpredictably and at any time. I am interacting with the XBMC JSON RPC API. If a notification has been sent by XBMC, I receive multiple JSON requests at once. E.g.
{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"GUI.OnScreensaverActivated","params":{"data":null,"sender":"xbmc"}}{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"GUI.OnScreensaverDeactivated","params":{"data":null,"sender":"xbmc"}}

This causes a crash in JSON.NET, and understandably so. My first instinct is I need to asynchronously receive these notifications so that I don't have to wait until the next method is called to receive them. However this complicates the simple example I showed above because I can no longer utilize the synchronous calls. i.e.
SendJson(json);
result = ReceiveJson();

Is there a clean way to implement this without over complicating it? Any/All advice is appreciated.

A: Here is where all the reading is. Its all worth it if you want to get into it.
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms228969.aspx
For a summary though..
Basically what needs to happen is you need to create an object that implements IAsyncResult. This will store state about your async operation, and a callback for when it is complete.
Create a method that can take your IAsyncResult object as input, and before the method returns, it should call .SetCompleted() on your IAsyncResult object. Its inside this method that you do the work you normally do.
Then you will create an instance of your IAsyncResult object (set its data, and callback), then call Task.Factory.StartNew([YourNewMethod],[YourInstanceOf IAsyncResult]).
That is the core of what needs to happen. Just make sure to set your callback and handle exceptions.
If you want a working example of how I and using an async http handler to do json-rpc, take a look at http://jsonrpc2.codeplex.com/SourceControl/changeset/view/13061#74311 also where Process is being called and the async object is being setup http://jsonrpc2.codeplex.com/SourceControl/changeset/view/13061#61720
Hope that helps.


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package coder.lib.sso.exception;

import lombok.Data;
import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;

/**
 * Created by Pelin on 17/1/28.
 */
@Data
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = false)
class BaseException extends RuntimeException{
    private int code;

    BaseException(int code) {
        this.code = code;
    }

    BaseException(int code, String msg) {
        super(msg);
        this.code = code;
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Many consider the opportunity to do service to be an integral part of the recovery process. In addition to volunteer opportunities provided by addiction recovery groups such as AA and NA, there are national organizations that post volunteer opportunities covering a wide range of interests and skills.
Idealist.Org (idealist.org)
Click on volunteer opportunities at the top of the page and then select Substance Abuse & Addiction from the left side menu under "ORG areas of focus". Enter the city you are in on the top of the page.
Volunteers of America (volunteermatch.org)
At the bottom of the page select the city you would like to volunteer in, then enter your area of interest in the Narrow Your Search box. You can select Advanced Search to put in terms such as addiction or substance abuse. Or in the middle of the page where it says "What do you care about in. . .? – type in the name of the city you're interested in; where it says "I care about" type in addiction or substance abuse.


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Q: mysql jdbc unsuccessful rollback I've got some Java code uses JDBC to connect to a MySQL database, then the code does some read operations then a single update, all using the same connection. If there is an exception, then connection.rollback() is called; if there's no exception, connection.commit() is called. At this stage, the connection is newly created each time I run my test (i.e. it does not come from a pool). My code only ever creates one connection, and it is used throughout the test.
The connection being used has connection.setAutoCommit(false) called immediately after the connection instance is created.
For some reason, when there is an exception and connection.rollback() is called, it turns out that my update has been committed rather than rolled back.
Via debugging, I have confirmed the following,

*

*After calling connection.setAutoCommit(false), connection.getAutoCommit() returns a value of false, as expected. Also, "Select @@session.autocommit" returns a value of 0, indicating that auto commit is off, as expected.

*Immediately prior to calling connection.rollback(), the same checks show that auto commit is off, as expected.

*connection.commit() is definitely not being called and connection.rollback() is definitely being called.
I have also tried explicitly running the statement "rollback;" but it does not solve my issue. I have also tried explicitly running the statement "Set AUTOCOMMIT = 0;" after creating the connection.
All of my tables use a storage engine of InnoDB. Via SQL Workbench, with auto commit off, rollbacks and commits work as expected.
I am using MySQL version '5.0.91-community-nt'. The MySQL jdbc driver version is 5.1.19. I'm using Java 5.
Has anyone got any suggestions as to why my update is getting committed even though auto-commit is off, commit is never called, and rollback is explicitly called?
Cheers.

A: The code I refer to in the OP is not in a single block, it is dispersed across classes. To satisfy the queries above for examples of the code, I prepared a single block of code to illistrate the issue. Once the block of code was completed, I tested it to ensure I could replicate the issue. Well, I couldn't replicate the issue - the rollback worked just fine. This caused me to go through the production code to work out all the things it was doing beyond the block of code I had put together.
It turns out that the production code both creates and drops temporary tables. Most relevant, it drops the temporary tables after performing the update, and it drops the temporary tables whether or not there is an exception. It turns out that dropping a table in MySQL issues an implicit commit call. Hence, in between my code throwing an exception and my code calling connection.rollback(), it drops tables which causes an implicit call to commit. Hence my 'auto commit' issue.