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LAvre est une rivière des Hauts-de-France dans les deux départements de l'Oise et de la Somme, en ancienne région Picardie, principal affluent gauche de la Somme.

Située en plein sud du bassin versant de la Somme, l'Avre est le principal affluent de la Somme, tant en termes de module qu'en surface de bassin versant, malgré un débit spécifique médiocre. Elles confluent dans l'agglomération amiénoise.

Étymologie
Le nom de la rivière était primitivement Arva.

Géographie
Longue de , elle draine un bassin relativement important () mais ne présente qu'un débit médiocre () près de sa confluence avec la Somme à Longueau. La largeur du cours d'eau varie entre 1 et .
L'Avre prend sa source à , dans le bois de Crapeaumesnil, à moins d'un kilomètre des fermes Sébastopol et Haussu, sur la commune d'Amy, à la limite avec Crapeaumesnil, commune qu'elle rejoint quelques centaines de mètres plus loin, pour moins d'un kilomètre et retrouver la commune d'Amy, ces deux communes se partagent le bois de Crapeaumesnil.

La confluence avec la Somme s'effectue à Camon, à  d'altitude, à la limite d'Amiens.

Départements, communes et cantons traversés
Dans les deux départements de l'Oise et la Somme, l'Avre traverse trente-trois communes et six cantons :
LAvre picarde prend sa source dans le département de l'Oise à Amy, dans le canton de Lassigny puis traverse les communes de Crapeaumesnil et Avricourt, aussi dans le canton de Lassigny (3 communes dans l'Oise).

Puis dans la Somme elle traverse les trente communes - dans l'ordre amont vers aval de Verpillières, Roiglise, Roye, Saint-Mard, l'Échelle-Saint-Aurin, Villers-lès-Roye, Andechy, Marquivillers, Guerbigny, Warsy, Becquigny, Arvillers, Davenescourt, Boussicourt, Pierrepont-sur-Avre, Contoire, Hargicourt, Braches, La Neuville-Sire-Bernard, Morisel, Moreuil, Thennes, Hailles, Thézy-Glimont, Fouencamps, Boves, Cagny, Longueau, Amiens, Camon. Elle conflue à Camon près d'Amiens à  avec la Somme.

Elle traverse donc un canton dans l'Oise le canton de Lassigny et six cantons dans la Somme : le canton de Montdidier, le canton de Roye, le canton de Moreuil, le canton de Boves, le canton d'Amiens-4-Est et le canton d'Amiens-5-Sud-Est, let out dans les trois arrondissement de Compiègne, arrondissement de Montdidier et arrondissement d'Amiens.

Toponyme
L'Avre a donné son hydronyme à la commune de Pierrepont-sur-Avre.
La ressemblance entre Avricourt et l'Avre paraît fortuite.

Bassin versant
L'Avre traverse une seule zone hydrographique  (E640).

Le bassin versant de l'Avre est de  ou de  selon la Banque Hydro. Les bassins versants voisins sont au nord-ouest, au nord et au nord-est la Somme, à l'est l'Ingon, au sud-est l'Aronde, au sud l'Arré, au sud-ouest la Brêche, et à l'ouest la Selle.

Organisme gestionnaire

L'organisme gestionnaire est l'AMEVA ou « syndicat mixte d'aménagement et valorisation du bassin de la Somme ». Un SAGE ou schéma d'aménagement et de gestion des eaux est en cours d'élaboration dans le cadre de la Somme aval et cours d'eau côtiers.

Affluents
LAvre a onze tronçons affluents référencés dont :
 la Noye (rg),  qui la rejoint à Boves
et comme affluents secondaires :
 les Trois Doms (rg)  qui la rejoint à Pierrepont-sur-Avre en rive gauche,
 la Brache (rg),  qui la rejoint à Braches
 la Luce (rd),  qui la rejoint à Berteaucourt-les-Thennes ainsi que
 le rû Saint-Firmin (rd)  qui traverse la commune de Roye dans le canton de Roye.

Rang de Strahler
Donc son rang de Strahler est de trois par la Noye ou les Trois Doms.

Hydrologie
Son régime hydrologique est dit pluvial océanique.

Climat de la Somme

L'Avre à Moreuil
L'Avre a été observée depuis le  à la station E6406010 L'Avre à Moreuil, à  et pour un bassin versant de .
Le module y est de .

Étiage ou basses eaux

À l'étiage, c'est-à-dire aux basses eaux, le VCN3, ou débit minimal du cours d'eau enregistré pendant trois jours consécutifs sur un mois, en cas de quinquennale sèche s'établit à , ce qui reste très confortable.

Crues

Sur cette période d'observation, le débit journalier maximal a été observé le  pour . Le débit instantané maximal a été observé le même  avec  en même temps que la hauteur maximale instantanée de  soit .

Le QIX 2 est de , le QIX 5 est , le QIX 10 est de , le QIX 20 est de  et le QIX 50 est de . Le QIX 100 n'a pas pu être calculé, vu la période d'observation de quarante-neuf ans trop courte.

Lame d'eau et débit spécifique
La lame d'eau écoulée dans cette partie du bassin versant de la rivière est de , ce qui n'est qu'un tiers de la moyenne en France, à . Le débit spécifique (Qsp) atteint  de bassin.

Aménagements et écologie

LAvre a fait l'attention du Conservatoire de Picardie.

De même, le réseau Natura 2000 a identifié les tourbières et marais de l'Avre comme SIC soit Site d'Importance Communautaire.

 Quelques kilomètres avant son embouchure, à l'entrée de l'agglomération amiénoise, l'Avre passe sous un pont de l'autoroute française A29 et de la rocade d'Amiens, juste à côté du viaduc de l'Avre qui enjambe, lui, sa vallée.

 Site Ramsar : depuis le 18 décembre 2017, la vallée de l'Avre est incluse dans l'espace labellisé au titre de la Convention de Ramsar, intitulé Marais et tourbières des vallées de la Somme et de l'Avre.

Articles connexes

 la liste des affluents et sous affluents de la Somme
 la Liste de rivières de France
 la liste des cours d'eau de la Somme
 la liste des cours d'eau de l'Oise
 la Somme
 le viaduc de l'Avre
 Pierrepont-sur-Avre
 Cagny (voir sites paléolithiques dans les terrasses alluviales de l'Avre)

Liens externes

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Cours d'eau dans la Somme
Cours d'eau dans l'Oise
Système hydrologique de la Somme


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My Dog Sam
Last night's game featured all sorts of interesting things. Tony Batista batted cleanup, Rondell White got a hit, J.C. Romero returned to the Metrodome as the enemy, Carlos Silva once again had trouble keeping the ball on the ground, and the Twins lost to drop below .500. Despite all of that, I'm not going to talk about the Twins today. I'm just not in the mood.
A couple months ago my 6-year-old Boston Terrier, Samantha, started having trouble jumping up on my bed. She had been a Dominique Wilkins-caliber leaper in the past, so seeing her unable to make a safe landing every time was concerning. Then one day she jumped off the bed and squealed as she landed. I didn't think much of it at the time, in part because she's occasionally had some minor knee problems.
However, over the next few weeks she began to walk gingerly around the house and was rarely able to jump up or down from anything. It gradually got worse. Soon she was walking around like a drunk, stumbling over her own feet, bumping into everything in her path, and tipping over seemingly at random. She was no longer even interested in attempting to get up on my bed and when I picked her up and put her there she was deathly afraid of jumping down on her own.
Then one day she started squealing again. Sometimes it happened when she was walking around or trying to climb stairs, but other times it took place when she was simply sitting quietly on the floor. She also stopped eating and drinking, and would stare aimlessly off into space for hours at a time. It was absolutely horrible to watch, as I was overtaken with a mix of helplessness and pity.
My mom and I took her to the vet, who put her on a mix of steroids, pain-killers, and anti-inflammatory medication, with the hope that her injury was perhaps a pinched nerve of some sort that came when she landed awkwardly jumping off the bed. That made her feel better at first, but when we began weaning her off the medication all the symptoms came back.
X-rays were taken, but nothing was found. Meanwhile, her motor skills deteriorated further, her right eye closed up almost completely, a dent in her head formed behind the eye, most of the right side of her face became paralyzed, and the squeals returned. She had some good days when she was in a good mood and able to jump up on a bed without problems, and we bought her a set of "doggy steps" to ease her path down.
But when a 6-year-old dog is limping around the house and squealing that means they are in obvious pain, and that's something that simply can't continue for very long. So, last night we took Sammi to the VCA Animal Hospital in Richfield, where Vet Imaging Services took a CT scan of her scull. What they discovered was a brain tumor, which the vet described afterward as "very big," "growing," and "probably inoperable."
The diagnosis makes sense in hindsight, as it explains both her loss of motor skills and the deterioration of the right side of her head, face, and jaw. What it doesn't explain is the source of her pain that causes the squealing, but the vet hypothesized that perhaps that was due to headaches caused by the growing tumor. Whatever the case, we now know what has caused Sammi to fall apart over these last couple months.
There is a certain part of me that feels silly for caring so much about a dog. After all, I've seen family members go through horrible illnesses in the past and logically that is far worse than going through something similar with an animal. However, there is also a part of me that sees a sick dog as something even worse. People can at least make sense of what they're going through, but all Sammi knows is that she feels like crap every day and suddenly can't do the things she used to.
I'm not sure what the next step is. We're supposed to hear back from a radiologist at the University of Minnesota today, and I'm guessing some sort of a timetable will soon follow. There will certainly be options to pursue, such a chemotherapy or even surgery. However, while I would without question be willing to take on the incredible financial burden that comes with that--the X-rays, CT scan, medication, and vet visits have racked up a huge bill on their own--I don't think it's right to make a dog go through it.
Just a few months ago Sammi was posing with me for a story in Sports Illustrated, taking over the photo shoot when the photographer predictably fell in love with her and later receiving the bulk of the compliments from people who saw the picture (which is shown below). And now I fear her life is coming to an end. It's a shame, because there has never been a nicer, sweeter dog who was less deserving of this fate.
As they say, life ain't fair.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Wyatt Kroopf
School budget woes strain the bonds between Oakland foster youth and their case managers
There are just under 400 foster youth attending Oakland schools, and for many, one person at their school is dedicated to them: their case manager. This counselor provides support and offers one-on-one guidance—academically and for other issues that may arise outside of school. The Oakland Unified School District has four case managers for foster youth, but their jobs were threatened in March, when the school board passed budget cuts eliminating their positions. After a sustained effort by students to push…
By Wyatt Kroopf on May 13, 2019
Tales of Two Cities: Endings
Welcome back to the Tales of Two Cities podcast! This episode is all about endings.
By Nina Sparling, Ricky Rodas, Yasmin Graeml, Newsha Naderzad, Wyatt Kroopf, Annie Berman, Ashvini Malshe, Edward Booth, Roza Ismailai and Juliette De Guyenro on May 6, 2019
Oakland Unified School District plans to eliminate 100 classified workers' positions
Melvin Phillips has worked in Oakland schools for the last 27 years. He is currently the lead school security officer at Fremont High School and he is one of hundreds of classified employees in the Oakland Unified School District (OUSD). Classified workers include instructional specialists like classroom support staff and tutors, administrative workers, custodians, security officers, and other school staff. During the Oakland teachers' strike last month, classified workers joined the teachers on the picket lines in a sympathy strike….
By Wyatt Kroopf on April 24, 2019
Oakland City Council gives schools $1.2 million in one-time funding for the school year
Last Tuesday, the Oakland City Council passed a resolution to provide $1.2 million in funding for the Oakland Unified School District's (OUSD) restorative justice program, foster youth case manager positions, and school libraries. All three programs were at risk of enacting widespread layoffs or reductions to the services they provide following the Oakland school board's vote last month to cut about $22 million from the district's budget. When introducing the resolution, Council President Rebecca Kaplan (at-large) highlighted how each of…
Dream Beyond Bars report offers a new way to study the effects of youth incarceration
About two years ago, when Xochtil Larios was in Alameda County Juvenile Hall in San Leandro, she decided to do more than just participate in classes and programs. "I didn't feel like it was enough for me. I felt like the girls in there deserved better," she said. During a session on vision boarding, Larios met staff members from Communities United for Restorative Youth Justice (CURYJ), an Oakland nonprofit that works to empower young people affected by the criminal justice…
By Wyatt Kroopf on April 5, 2019
At Oakland school board meeting, debate over school closures and charter schools intensifies
Tensions from the recent Oakland teachers' strike were still reverberating among attendees during a special meeting for the Board of Education on Wednesday night. Hundreds of people filled the auditorium at La Escuelita Education Complex, holding small green signs that set the theme for the night. One side of the signs read "No new charters." On the other: "No school closures." Many in the crowd wore the black and green of the Oakland Education Association (OEA)—the teachers' union—or red, the…
By Wyatt Kroopf on March 21, 2019
Oakland's schools are open again, but tension remains over budget cuts, teacher contract
The Oakland teachers' strike officially ended on Sunday evening, but the debate over their contract and district budget cuts is still not over. The vote on Sunday was far from unanimous. Members of the teachers' union—the Oakland Education Association—gathered at the Paramount Theater for four hours of debate before voting on whether or not to approve the tentative agreement, or TA, reached by union and the Oakland Unified School District. Teachers held signs that read "Say no to the sellout…
By Wyatt Kroopf on March 6, 2019
Teachers, Oakland school district strike a tentative deal
On Friday afternoon, just as Oakland's school board meeting was supposed to start, a union representative wearing red–the symbol of the "Red for Ed" movement that has galvanized teachers' strikes across the nation–stepped in front of the crowd and announced that teachers and school officials had reached a tentative four-year agreement. If ratified, it will end the strike that has shut down Oakland schools for the last seven days. Among the provisions: Teachers will receive an 11 percent raise, as…
On the fifth day of their strike, Oakland teachers force cancellation of a school board meeting
On the fifth day of their strike, Oakland teachers shut down a school board meeting. Starting in the early afternoon on Wednesday, teachers and their supporters picketed outside of the La Escuelita Education Complex. By the time the meeting was set to start, thousands of teachers, parents, and students were marching all around the building. Oakland Unified School District (OUSD) officials released a statement postponing the meeting. The school board had been set to vote on about $21.75 million in…
By Wyatt Kroopf on February 28, 2019
Oakland's teacher strike concludes its second day
On Friday morning, Oakland teachers returned to the picket lines as their strike entered its second day. The bargaining teams from the Oakland Education Association (OEA)—the teachers' union—and the Oakland Unified School District (OUSD) met in the morning to resume negotiations but as of 4 pm Friday afternoon, had not come to any resolution. The two sides have been negotiating on a new contract for over two years; teacher pay and class sizes have been the main sticking points in…
Oakland teachers strike for higher wages, smaller classes
Early Thursday morning, Oakland teachers went on strike, calling for a pay raise and a reduction in class sizes. As early as 6 am, teachers gathered—equipped with coffee, jackets, and beanies to withstand the chilly morning weather—and started to picket in front of their schools. The strike follows two years of failed negotiations between the Oakland Education Association, which represents teachers as well as school nurses, counselors and other staff, and the Oakland Unified School District. The teachers have been working…
By Wyatt Kroopf, Edward Booth, Drew Costley, Juliette De Guyenro and Annie Berman on February 21, 2019
With the fact-finding report in, Oakland teachers ready to strike Thursday
Oakland teachers will strike on Thursday, after a last minute efforts to reach an agreement failed today. A new fact-finding report will likely serve as a foundation when negotiations resume on Friday.
Lawsuit challenges Oakland's certification of education funding tax Measure AA
Two weeks ago, a business advocacy group sued the city of Oakland over its certification of Measure AA, a tax initiative from the November election that would create a fund for more early childhood education programs. The lawsuit—filed by the Jobs and Housing Coalition, along with a group of property owners—argues that the city council thwarted the will of Oakland voters by certifying the measure even though it failed to earn support from two-thirds of the voters. The measure, also…
Oakland teachers vote on whether to strike for pay, class size reductions
As teachers around the country organize, Oakland teachers could be next—they're voting this week to authorize the teacher's union to call a strike.
By Wyatt Kroopf on February 1, 2019
Oakland Board of Education votes to close Roots International Academy
At an emotional meeting Monday night, the Oakland Board of Education voted to close Roots International Academy, a middle school in East Oakland, despite Roots students, parents, teachers, and staff imploring them to keep the school open.
By Wyatt Kroopf on January 30, 2019
Inside the Chapel of the Chimes in North Oakland, it is quiet. The hum of daily life just outside—cars passing by, construction work, a breeze—disappears. It is the type of place where visitors whisper even though there are no rules against talking. Many of the visitors come to mourn or pay respects to a loved one, whose remains reside among thousands and thousands of others here. On this Monday morning, there are only a few visitors wandering—that's all one can…
By Wyatt Kroopf on January 1, 2019


An assistant professor in the Department of Architectural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, at Koya University in Iraqi Kurdistan, Sahar has worked in this department since 2008, teaching classes in the history of architecture and conservation & rehabilitation as well as the Urban Design Studio.
She received her B.Sc. in Architectural Engineering (1997) and M.Sc. in Urban Design (2005) from the University of Technology - Iraq, and her Ph.D. in Urban Conservation (2011) from the University of Baghdad - Iraq.
She has since 2012 led a campaign to document the surviving heritage architectural features of Koya and of other nearby Iraqi Kurdish old towns, with her colleagues and students.
In 2009 she had a 3-month scholarship at the Brandenburg University of Technology in Germany, via the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD); in 2016 she was an awardee of the 2016 SAH-Getty international program grant (presented by the Society of Architectural Historians and the Getty Foundation).
She has been a member of the Iraqi Engineers Union (IEU) since 1997; a consultant architect since 2014; and a member of the Society of Architectural Historians (SAH) since 2015.
Her participation in conferences and publications reflects her research interests in conservation, urban design, and the history of architecture.


VANCOUVER—The City of Vancouver is moving forward with the development of a green roof policy that could require some new buildings to include rooftop grasses or gardens.
On Thursday evening council voted in support of a motion put forward by Councillor Adriane Carr that noted several benefits of green roofs.
Green roofs — roofs that are partially or entirely covered by vegetation — can absorb rain, thereby helping to reduce combined sewage overflows. They can also absorb greenhouse gasses, helping to mitigate climate change, and clean the air of pollutants.
Carr amended her initial motion Wednesday to clarify that staff should develop a green roof policy in consultation with industry and the community, after the Urban Development Institute raised concerns that developers had not been consulted.
In a letter to council the institute, which represents 850 members in the real estate development and planning industry, cited concerns about industry capacity given other green building initiatives already in place and added costs to construction.
On Wednesday, Carr clarified that "the process hasn't started, this is the beginning of the process" and any policies would be developed in consultation with industry.
Ron Schwenger, the principal of Architek who has extensive experience with green roofs spoke before the standing committee considering the motion.
"Green roofs are more than just sedum and grass," he said.
While the roofs may carry an added expense to install, those costs are easily recouped, he said, adding that in his opinion Vancouver can't afford not to require green roofs.
Concerns were raised however about making green roofs mandatory. City staff said their analysis would examine the need for possible exemptions and costs.


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City, West High bowling teams set for crosstown rivalry
The City High and West High boys and girls bowling teams face off Friday.
City, West High bowling teams set for crosstown rivalry The City High and West High boys and girls bowling teams face off Friday. Check out this story on press-citizen.com: https://icp-c.com/1SMP7yk
Matt Cozzi, mcozzi@press-citizen.com Published 5:32 p.m. CT Jan. 28, 2016 | Updated 5:32 p.m. CT Jan. 28, 2016
West High School and City High School(Photo: The Register)
The stretch run of prep bowling season is about to commence.
And for City High and West High, each school gets to face its respective crosstown rival to leadoff the final portion of the 2015-16 campaign. The Little Hawks and Trojans boys' and girls' bowling teams meet at 3:15 p.m. Friday at Colonial Lanes in Iowa City.
All four teams have shown at least a glimpse of an upswing at different stages this winter, with the City girls and West boys the best of the area. The City girls enter Friday with a 4-4 mark, while the West boys are 6-2. The City boys are 1-7 and the West girls are 1-9.
"So far we've been around average," City coach Andrew Gonner said. "I don't think we've peaked yet. We haven't had all five girls do well on the same day yet. On the boys' side, we're getting close to peaking. We played around with lineups for the first half of the season to see what works well."
Gonner coaches both the boys and girls clubs for the Little Hawks, as does Mike Mellecker for West.
Both programs also have enough participants to fill a junior varsity team. Some schools witnessed an uptick in bowling in recent years. There are 96 teams that compete in Iowa in Class 3A, 2A, and 1A. City and West are the only schools in Johnson County with teams, with an opportunity for surrounding schools to co-op.
"In this area, it's been stable," Mellecker said. "We get a lot of comments that bowling is not a sport. I try to ask kids at school and they say 'it's not really a sport, it's recreation.' But it really is a big time sport, and throughout the nation."
Senior Liz Goss paces the City girls this season with a game average of 188.8. Seniors Brooke Shaw and Taylor Hayslett — who both qualified individually for the state tournament in 2015 — rank third and fourth on the team in game average. The boys are led by junior Garrett Highly with a 184.5 average.
For West, Patrick Wood ranks 11th in the state with a 214.5 game average. Junior Erica Roth averages a 167.7 for the Women of Troy.
The City girls are the most likely to advance to the state tournament next month. Regionals are Feb. 16 and the state meet is Feb. 24.
"I'm confident that we can get out of our regional," Gonner said. "Our meet Friday and then our meet in Dubuque (against Dubuque Hempstead Feb. 9) will be two of the higher pressure situations we've had. That will help us really ramp up."
But first on the slate is Friday in a matchup between rivals.
"Friday could go either way," Mellecker said. "It comes down to who knocks over the most pins."
10 to Watch: Mike Morrison, Iowa City Liberty activities director
I.C. West outlasts City High in Battle for the Boot thriller


Credit cards can put you in debt and cost you thousands of dollars in interest. But that's only if you use them incorrectly. Used wisely, they offer many benefits and even some rewards.
Read on to learn how to use your credit cards to your advantage.
Credit cards are a revolving line of credit. This means you can repeatedly make charges up to a specific credit limit.
When you make charges, you're temporarily borrowing from the bank. You have a grace period (usually 21 to 25 days) to repay that loan without interest. However, if you don't pay back everything you've borrowed that month, the bank will start charging interest and other potential fees.
Even the minimum payment between two cards will not be the same. Some credit card companies require a small percentage of your outstanding balance (usually 2 or 3%). Others require full payment of monthly interest plus a small percentage of the outstanding principal balance.
Credit cards are easily abused because it's so easy to just pay the minimum. As long as you haven't reached your limit, you can still keep on buying stuff. It's tempting to pay just a little bit. But this is how you fall into the minimum payment trap.
Avoid paying just the minimum. Interest will be charged on any balance that you don't pay. The interest is calculated every month, so it will keep on growing. It will take longer and longer to pay off that debt. In the end, you can be facing a mountain of interest.
How much does interest cost? If you don't pay back your balance in full each month, you'll have to pay interest on what you don't pay. Interest can accumulate fast. Let's say you have a $3,000 outstanding balance and you only pay the minimum $60 each month. You have a credit card with a 15% APY. Even if you don't make extra charges, it will take you 6.5 years to pay it off and an extra $1,737 in interest.
Do not spend more than you can afford. The only exceptions would be if you need to make a large purchase or have an emergency.
Pay off your balance in full at the end of each billing cycle. Or at least as much as you can. Never pay just the minimum.
Set a reasonable credit limit. If you know you have a shopping problem, call your credit card company and ask to reduce your credit line. That way, it removes the temptation to overspend.
It's important to read the fine print when accepting a credit card offer. Low interest rates aren't enough. You may pay other fees that make the card expensive or even unaffordable.
Annual fee. Some credit cards charge a fee once per year for using the card. Usually, cards with annual fees offer better rewards. But you will also need to spend more to get more rewards. Think about whether an annual fee makes sense for you.
Purchase APR. Credit card companies charge interest on all purchases you don't pay in full each month. If you pay the balance in full, there is no interest. If you don't think you can always pay your entire balance, then look for a card with a low APR.
Balance transfer fee and APR. If you have existing credit card debt, you can consider a balance transfer. You can save some money if you transfer your debt to another card with lower interest rates. Watch out for fees, though. Most cards charge 3% - 5% of the balance transferred.
There are cards that offer 0% APR for balance transfers. But once the introductory period ends, the rate goes to the regular APR if you have not paid the balance off.
Cash advance fee and APR. Most credit cards will let you take out cash at an ATM. But it's a very expensive way of getting cash. Many cards charge 5% of the amount taken or $10, whichever is greater. Not only that, but interest starts accruing as soon as you take out the cash. Plus, cash advance APRs are often higher than the purchase APR.
This should only be used if you have a true emergency and have no other way of getting cash. Repay this loan as soon as you can.
Foreign transaction fee. If you travel abroad, you'll want to pay close attention to foreign transaction fees. Many cards charge as much as 3% of the transaction for purchases abroad. However, there are some cards that don't charge any foreign transaction fees. If you travel, this is an important feature.
Late payment fee. Most credit cards will charge you heftily if you miss a payment. A late payment could cost you as much as $38. Make sure to always remember your monthly bill due date.
Penalty APR. If you miss payments for more than 60 days, you may be subject to a much higher penalty APR (as high as 30%). The bank can impose this rate for up to 6 months before they reconsider reducing it.
How Can Credit Cards Benefit You?
With the talk of fees and high interest rates, it may seem like there's no benefit to using a credit card. However, when used responsibly, credit cards can be a great thing.
Your credit score is one the most important three-digit numbers in your life. It's a measure of your financial responsibility. In other words, how well do you pay your debts?
A positive credit history is essential. It will affect being approved for loans, renting an apartment, or even getting hired for a job. Using a credit card is a great way to build credit.
A credit card gives you the chance to show how well you handle revolving debt. The key is to use it responsibly. Charge a few small purchases each month. Make sure to pay the bill in full each month so you avoid interest. Your timely payments are reported to the credit bureaus. Slowly, you'll build positive credit history.
No matter how much you can afford, keep your credit card balances below 30% of the available limit. Credit utilization (your outstanding debt compared to available limit) is a big part of your credit score. In other words, use your credit cards, but not too much.
Sometimes spending can be good, especially when you get rewarded for it. Certain credit cards offer rewards such as travel miles, cash back, or statement credits. If you're smart about it, credit cards can actually help you reach your goals.
For example, let's say you want to go to Hawaii next year. Pick a card that offers travel rewards. After the sign-up bonus and a year of regular spending on the card, you could save up enough points to get 2 airline tickets and a couple of hotel nights. You've just earned a trip to Hawaii with very little out-of-pocket costs.
Of course, the rewards come at a cost if you don't use your credit card responsibly. Don't charge things you can't afford and don't carry a balance. Interest charges could easily wipe out any rewards.
If you charge things you would normally buy with cash, but get rewarded for charging it, you are in a good position.
If you don't have an emergency fund, a credit card could be used as a back-up. You can let it sit idle unless you absolutely need it. However, some cards require periodic use or you risk inactivity and account closure. Charging a few regular expenses a month, such as groceries or gas, can keep your account open.
This way if something major happens, such as your car breaks down or you experience a medical emergency, you'll have funds available to get you through. Of course, then you'll have to figure out how to pay the balance off. Once the emergency is behind you, you can set up a plan to pay it off fast.
Some credit cards have an intro 0% APR period. You can find 0% interest offers for as long as 15 or 18 months. This is great if you've got a large purchase coming up and can't pay for it all at once. You can split up your payments over several months, interest free.
However, make sure you have a solid plan to pay it back before that intro period ends. How much is your purchase? How long is the intro APR? Make sure you can realistically pay if off.
For example, let's say you need to make a $4,000 purchase. The intro APR period on the credit card is 15 months. You would need to pay $267 a month in order to pay if off without interest. Is that something you can afford?
It may be a good idea to not charge further purchases on the card so you don't add to your debt. After you've completely paid off the purchase, you can use the card for other things again.
Making large purchases comes at a risk. If the product isn't as promised or the vendor defaults, you could be out a lot of money.
When you use a credit card, you have purchase protection. You can dispute the charge. If the credit card company determines that you are right, you get your money back for the purchase.
Many credit cards also come with extended warranty protection beyond that of the manufacturer. Some even have price protection, where you get the difference back if your item goes on sale right after you bought it.
Credit cards can be very powerful if used correctly. They offer you a grace period to pay back purchases. If you always pay back your balance in full, you will never have to pay any interest. But if you don't, it's easy to rack up more debt and a mountain of interest.
Only you can decide if a credit card is right for you. There are many cards that offer numerous benefits. Choosing the card with an annual fee you can afford and the benefits you'll use is imperative. Compare the offers available to you and see which one benefits you the most.
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Tag: radical right
Trump's EO on anti-Semitism abets anti-Semitism
President Trump's executive order, ostensibly extending civil rights protections to Jewish students on college campuses, is a masterpiece of propaganda and disguised motives, actually criminalizing opposition to the expropriation of the Palestinians, making a consistent anti-racist position legally impossible—and thereby, paradoxically, abetting anti-Semitism. (Image: frgdr.com)
Podcast: against Narendra Modi's Gandhi-exploitation
Amid moves toward mass detention of Muslims in Kashmir and Assam, a growing atmosphere of terror, and persecution of government critcs, India's arch-reactionary Prime Minister Narendra Modi cynically places an op-ed in the New York Times extolling Mohandas Gandhi on his 150th birthday. In Episode 40 of the CounterVortex podcast, Bill Weinberg calls this out as Orwellian propaganda, and documents the historical reality: Modi is not the inheritor of the tradition of Gandhi, but that of his assassin. Those who assert that Modi's Bharatiya Janata Party has fascist roots are factually correct. Progressives in recent years have been rethinking the sanctification of Gandhi, and that is one thing. But Modi should not be allowed to get away with wrapping himself in the legacy of a man who was the antithesis of everything he represents. And US political figures like Tulsi Gabbard who pretend to be progressives while embracing the fascistic Modi must be exposed and repudiated. Listen on SoundCloud, and support our podcast via Patreon.. (Photo via Biography.com)
Podcast: Tulsi Gabbard, paradoxical hippie fascist
Is Democratic presidential hopeful Tulsi Gabbard a pseudo-peacenik fraud who supports US military adventures as long as they target Islamist terrorists but not the bloody dictators she is enamored of? Actually, yes. In Episode 38 of the CounterVortex podcast, Bill Weinbergtraces Gabbard's trajectory, from a youthful devotee of a Hare Krishna schism to her current embrace of the Hindu fascism of Narendra Modi and political love affair with the genocidal Bashar Assad. Based on Weinberg's profile of Gabbard on Freedom Leaf website. Listen on SoundCloud, and support our podcast via Patreon. (Image via Freedom Leaf)
China's rulers fear balkanization —with reason?
Chinese state media are promoting an official "white paper" entitled "Historical Matters Concerning Xinjiang," denying the national aspirations and very identity of the Uighur people of China's far western Xinjiang region. These are portrayed as inventions of Western-supported "separatists." Yet some leaders of the Uighur exile diaspora have indeed launched an "East Turkistan" independence movement, and are seeking allies among Tibetans, Mongols, Manchus and Hong Kongers. China's rulers may be creating exactly what they fear with their intransigent denialism on identity and ultra-draconian measures in Xinjiang, Tibet, Inner Mongolia and Hong Kong. (Map: East Turkistan National Awakening Movement)
Podcast: Against the Left-Fascist Convergence
In Episode 36 of the CounterVortex podcast, Bill Weinberg reads the full text of his presentation at the Left Forum, at the panel "Confronting the Resurgence of Authoritarianism, Right and 'Left'," held by the Marxist-Humanist Initiative. Weinberg argues the intentionally provocative but nonetheless entirely accurate thesis that the consensus position of the contemporary "left" is now pro-fascist. Sounds illogical? That's because you haven't thought it through. Listen before you judge. Some choice words for Amy Goodman, Noam Chomsky, Sy Hersh, Stephen Cohen, Jill Stein, Tulsi Gabbard, ANSWER, etc. Listen on SoundCloud, and support our podcast via Patreon.
Bill Weinberg to speak on left-fascist convergence
CounterVortex editor and chief blogger Bill Weinberg will speak at the Left Forum in Brooklyn, New York, on Sunday, June 30, at the panel "Confronting the Resurgence of Authoritarianism, Right and 'Left.'" Weinberg's talk will be entitled "The Consensus Position of the American 'Left' is Now Pro-Fascist: What Do We Do About It?" Other panelists include Anne Jaclard and Andrew Kliman of the Marxist-Humanist Initiative, and Jason Stanley, author of How Fascism Works: The Politics of Us and Them. Attendees must register with the Left Forum.
Sri Lanka dissidents reject Buddhist fascism
As Sri Lanka marks the 10-year anniversary of the end of its long internal war, a new wave of communal violence has erupted following the Easter Sunday terror attacks. In days of anti-Muslim riots, mobs have ransacked mosques and attacked shops with petrol bombs. The Buddhist militant group Bodu Bala Sena, which has been repeatedly linked to such pogroms since its founding in 2012, is named as having instigated much of the violence. But just as many Sri Lankan Muslims have held peace vigils to repudiate the Easter attacks and declare their solidarity with Christians, some Sinhalese Buddhists have repudiated the pogroms and declared their solidarity with Muslims. (Photo via SriLankaTweet)
Podcast: Julian Assange, agent of fascism
In Episode 31 of the CounterVortex podcast, Bill Weinberg documents the ugly far-right politics of Julian Assange of WikiLeaks, and how the 2010 document dump risked the lives of dissidents under authoritarian regimes in places like Zimbabwe—and may have constituted outright collaboration with the repressive dictatorship of Alexander Lukashenko in Belarus. An objective reading of the circumstances around the 2016 Wikileaks dump of Democratic Party e-mails reveals Assange as a Kremlin asset and Trump collaborator, an active agent in a Russian-lubricated effort to throw the US elections—part of Putin's grander design to impose a fascist world order. Weinberg also notes that the ACLU and Committee to Protect Journalists have issued statements warning that the charges against Assange may pose a threat to press freedom. But he argues that even if we must protest his prosecution, we should do so while refraining from glorifying Assange—and, indeed, while forthrightly repudiating him as a dangerous political enemy of all progressive values. Listen on SoundCloud, and support our podcast via Patreon. (Photo Libcom.org)
Podcast: Ilhan Omar, anti-Semitism and propaganda
In Episode 29 of the CounterVortex podcast, Bill Weinberg advances a progressive and anti-Zionist critique of Rep Ilhan Omar's controversial comments, which have posed the problem of US support for Israel in terms of "allegiance to a foreign country"—the nationalist and xenophobic language of our enemies. As a Somali-American woman in a hijab, Omar is ultimately legitimizing reactionary forces that threaten her with the use of such nationalist rhetoric. As the massacres of Christchurch and Pittsburgh all too clearly demonstrate, Islamophobia and anti-Semitism are fundamentally unified concerns—and the way Jews and Muslims have been pitted against each other by the propaganda system is part of the pathology. Contrary to the canard of "dual loyalty," Weinberg declares himself a "zero-loyalist," repudiating both Zionism and America-first nationalism, calling for an anti-Zionism based on solidarity with the Palestinians, not "allegiance" to the imperial state. Listen on SoundCloud, and support our podcast via Patreon. (Photo: Wikipedia)
Red-Brown politics behind Christchurch terror
The mass shootings at two mosques in Christchurch have left at least 49 dead and some 20 wounded, many gravely, including children. The attacks took place when the mosques were packed for Friday prayers. An Australian-born man named Brenton Tarrant has been arrested as the gunman, and three suspected accomplices also detained. Marking a new extreme in depravity, Tarrant live-streamed the massacre on Facebook, with a camera mounted on his head. The video has been removed from the web. Alas, so has his lengthy manifesto, in which he laid out his motivations for the attack. The removal is ill-considered, as being ignorant of the rhetoric employed to justify mass murder only makes potential recruits more vulnerable. CounterVortex was able to review the document before it was scrubbed from the web, and it is a study in Red-Brown politics—employing populist phrases appropriated directly from the left and wedding them to a white-supremacist ideology. (Photo via Ma'an)
Kashmiris under attack across India
As India and Pakistan exchange military strikes in the wake of last week's massive suicide blast in Kashmir, many cities across India report cases of targeted violence against Kashmiri students and businesses by right-wing groups. Members of Yuva Sena, youth wing of the Hindu nationalist Shiv Sena, attacked Kashmiri students in Maharashtra. Colleges in Dehradun and Bhopal expelled Kashmiri students for posting objectionable content on social media about the suicide attack. A video surfaced on social media showing a Kashmiri man being beaten in Kolkata, West Bengal, by a mob which forced him to chant patriotic slogans like "Vande Mataram" and "Bharat Mata ki Jai" ("Mother, I praise thee" and "Victory to Mother India," two phrases appropriated by the Hindu-nationalist right). (Photo via KashmirWatch)
Anarcho-fascist convergence at State of Union?
We've already noted the strange bedfellows in the Rojava Kurds' political push to forestalll a US withdrawal from northern Syria, which would be a green light for Turkey to attack their autonomous zone. Well, they just got stranger with the arrival in Washington of Ilham Ahmed, co-president of the Syrian Democratic Council, civilian wing of the Kurdish-led US-backed Syrian Democratic Forces. She and her delegation met with Trump at the Trump International Hotel, where the prez reportedly told the group "I love the Kurds," and promised that they are "not going to be killed" by Turkish forces. Making it even more surreal, Hawaii Rep. Tulsi Gabbard, best friend of fascist dictator Bashar Assad on Capitol Hill, brought Ahmed to the State of the Union address as her special guest. The Turkish newspaper Takvim ran a photo of Ahmed standing beside Trump at the SOTU. We wonder if Ahmed, who represents a radical-left Kurdish revolutionary movement that is influenced by anarchism, is aware that the presidential bid of her host Gabbard has been endorsed by David Duke—who shares Tulsi's fondness for Assad.


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S&P buys ChartIQ to bolster charting, analytics capabilities
ChartIQ's former owner, Finsemble, will continue to focus on building out its desktop integration business.
Four years on, S&P's Kensho buy yields new automation tools, saving decades of manual data analysis
S&P-owned AI tool Kensho is leveraging its parent's massive datasets with its own machine learning to release a series of tools for analysts.
Firms challenging Cusip file new lawsuit alleging antitrust violations, breach of contract
A broker-dealer and two investment managers have filed a new, joint complaint against the quartet of companies associated with management of the Cusip numbering system.
Waters Wrap: The industry's increasingly cloudy skies
Anthony looks at some of the major cloud-based projects to hit the capital markets over the last 2.5 years.
Federal court denies motion for early judgement on Cusip numbers' copyrightability
A judge for the Southern District of New York has also ordered that two class-action suits brought against Cusip Global Services and its affiliates earlier this year be consolidated.
Bloomberg relaunches corporate actions platform
As a major player exits the corporate actions data vendor arena, Bloomberg is continuing to enhance its data offering while the market braces for a shake-up.
Witad Awards 2022: EDM professional of the year (vendor)—Natalia Isajenko, S&P Global Market Intelligence
Second class-action lawsuit targets Cusip's 'monopoly' on identifiers
Days after a first class-action suit took aim at Cusip, S&P Global, the American Bankers Association, and FactSet, another plaintiff has filed a complaint alleging that the quartet of companies violated the Sherman Antitrust Act, as well as certain…
Where have all the blockchain startups gone?
Building a startup is hard. Building a blockchain startup is harder. More than 10 current and former financial blockchain builders and users detail their experiences of trying to cut their teeth on a once-darling tech, and the lessons they're still…
Class-action lawsuit takes aim at Cusip, S&P, FactSet & ABA
A complaint filed March 4 seeks judgement on whether Cusip Global Services, S&P Global, the American Bankers Association, and (now) FactSet have violated copyright laws as well as the Sherman Antitrust Act by charging hefty licensing fees to use the…
This Week: Amundi Tech; Broadridge/ Santander; Deutsche Börse & more
A summary of the latest financial technology news.
People moves: Federal Reserve Bank of New York, DataBP, LME, Azentio, and more
A look at some of the key people moves from this week, including Michelle Neal (pictured), who joins the Federal Reserve Bank of New York as head of the markets group.
Cusip finds new home at FactSet as industry watches warily
Though the standard has always been operated by a private entity, industry sources say its new operator could create a perception issue for FactSet. For its part, the vendor says the purchase (for a "stunning" total of nearly $2 billion) is meant to…
BST Awards 2021 Winners' Circle: IHS Markit
EDM from IHS Markit: still thriving after all these years.
Buy-Side Technology Awards 2021 Winner's Interview: IHS Markit (Corporate Actions)
IHS Markit repeated last year's success in the best buy-side corporate actions platform by winning the category again in this year's Buy-Side Technology Awards.
People Moves: Exegy, Luma, Capco, CAIS and more
A look at some of the key "people moves" from this week, including Julian Elliot (pictured), who joins Integral as senior product officer.
BST Awards 2021: Best buy-side corporate actions platform—IHS Markit
Product: Corporate Actions solution
BST Awards 2021: Best buy-side data management product—IHS Markit
Product: EDM
FIS modernizes through modularity
The vendor has been in the process of overhauling its entire tech estate for almost seven years, with the aim of offering modular, flexible services.
This Week: Deutsche Borse; State Street; IHS Markit; MSCI; & more
A summary of the week's financial technology news.
Bank-backed futures utility criticized as too ambitious
Osttra's Joanna Davies is urging industry leaders to look for "quick wins".
Waters Wrap: Some random thoughts about Big Tech disruption and M&A in Q4
Anthony looks at what he thinks will be the biggest topics during the last quarter of 2021.
IHS Markit plans 'low-code, no-code' configuration for EDM platform
The vendor is working on a drag-and-drop feature as part of a wider shift towards a low-code or no-code configuration environment.


A number of packages are available by default with all Perl versions. For Perl version 5.18.4 in particular (available through the software module system as perl/5.18.4), we have installed many more Perl packages. These are available by loading the software module perl_modules/5.18.4. We have a complete list of the Perl packages available in this software module.
If you would like to use BioPerl, module avail BioPerl after loading bioinfo-tools will show the versions available. The latest is BioPerl/1.6.924_Perl5.18.4, which is built against Perl 5.18.4 so also loads the modules perl/5.18.4 and perl_modules/5.18.4.
That's great! ... but I can't find what I am looking for there.
You could email support at support@uppmax.uu.se and suggest we include the package in perl_modules. If that doesn't work, or you decide to install it for yourself, please keep reading.


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From the multilevel international legal framework towards a new principle of international law to protect cultural heritage in times of peace and war by States, IOs and private actors
Detrimental conditions really affecting CH at risk in conflict and post-conflict situations are the result of new warfare modalities and of the new role of public and private actors in illegal activities damaging it since the beginning of the 21st century. So far, at present, the international legal framework in force is not anymore apt to prevent, preserve and restore all immovable and movable goods in times of war: it demands for a different and renewed legal interpretation to make principles, rules, mechanisms and procedures strongly equipped to cope with newfangled challenges attempting to the value and integrity of CH worldwide.
Carletti, C. (2017). From the multilevel international legal framework towards a new principle of international law to protect cultural heritage in times of peace and war by States, IOs and private actors. In L.Z. S. Pinton (a cura di), Cultural Heritage. Scenarios 2015-2017 (pp. 131-149). Venezia : Università degli Studi Cà Foscari.
Titolo: From the multilevel international legal framework towards a new principle of international law to protect cultural heritage in times of peace and war by States, IOs and private actors
CARLETTI, CRISTIANA
SAPERE L'EUROPA, SAPERE D'EUROPA
Citazione: Carletti, C. (2017). From the multilevel international legal framework towards a new principle of international law to protect cultural heritage in times of peace and war by States, IOs and private actors. In L.Z. S. Pinton (a cura di), Cultural Heritage. Scenarios 2015-2017 (pp. 131-149). Venezia : Università degli Studi Cà Foscari.
Abstract: Detrimental conditions really affecting CH at risk in conflict and post-conflict situations are the result of new warfare modalities and of the new role of public and private actors in illegal activities damaging it since the beginning of the 21st century. So far, at present, the international legal framework in force is not anymore apt to prevent, preserve and restore all immovable and movable goods in times of war: it demands for a different and renewed legal interpretation to make principles, rules, mechanisms and procedures strongly equipped to cope with newfangled challenges attempting to the value and integrity of CH worldwide.


Anyone who thought retired State Police Lieutenant Leon "Bucky" Millet would eventually get tired of calling out State Police Superintendent Mike Edmonson, the Louisiana State Troopers Association (LSTA) or the Louisiana State Police Commission (LSPC) just doesn't know Bucky Millet—or wife Vivian, for that matter.
Both have been fixtures at LSPC's monthly meetings for more than a year now, driving in all the way from Lake Arthur, and at times have been a real pain in the posteriors for the commission. Millet has warned commissioners on more than one occasions that continuing to allow Edmonson to stack the commission with his lap dogs will eventually come to no good. Looking back, his repeated warnings have suddenly gone from the predictions of a disgruntled retiree to the prophetic words of someone with unerringly keen insight—and foresight.
Millet, fed up with the direction being taken by the organization he once served so proudly, has now fired off formal complaints to Gov. John Bel Edwards, Attorney General Jeff Landry, Inspector General Stephen Street, State Police Lt. Col. Murphy of the Louisiana Department of Public Safety's (DPS) Bureau of Investigations, and East Baton Rouge Parish District Attorney Hillar Moore.
In his separate letter to each of the five, he called for an investigation of possible malfeasance and payroll fraud on the part of four State Troopers who took an unmarked State Police vehicle to California last October.
While LSPC Chairman State Trooper T.J. Doss and other commissioners have chosen to ignore his monthly warnings and have been generally dismissive of his questions the way a busy parent would dismiss a child's questions, the LSPC now finds itself in the uncomfortable position of observing from the sidelines as a formal investigation gets underway of the very agency it is supposed to have been overseeing.
That investigation by auditors from the Division of Administration (DOA) was ordered by Gov. John Bel Edwards after it was learned that Edmonson had 15 of his subordinates (including the four who drove the vehicle assigned to Deputy Superintendent Charles Dupuy) to San Diego to witness Edmonson receiving an award for which a former State Trooper of the Year was originally nominated. LSP headquarters, meanwhile, is using an earlier 2015 unsuccessful nomination of Edmonson for the award as justification for stiffing Maj. Carl Saizan's nomination.
It's not as if the LSTA hasn't tried to silence the affable Millet. After Millet and three other retirees challenged the association's laundering more than $45,000 in illegal campaign contributions through its executive director's personal checking account, LSTA took quick action. After it became evident that they weren't going away, the association, without explanation or comment, simply revoked their memberships.
LSTA is supposed to be an association of active and retired state troopers established to work to benefit troopers, retirees and their families and to work for better conditions for troopers. But it's evident those benefits extend only to those who keep their mouths shut. Apparently, there is some hidden clause in its bylaws that prohibits dissention among the ranks.
Again, if that move was intended to silence Millet, it only backfired by making him even more vocal and more determined than ever to ask questions and to challenge decisions. He has proven himself to be a nettlesome irritation over the pathetic, so-called "investigation" of the LSTA members who authorized the contributions, as well as the association's endorsement of Edwards—its first-ever political endorsement.
Natchitoches attorney, former legislator and political ally of Edwards Taylor Townsend was hired by the LSPC under a $75,000 contract to conduct the pseudo-investigation after commission legal counsel Lenore Feeney said she could not conduct such an investigation. Neither, apparently, could Townsend, even though that didn't prevent him from accepting payments under his contract. The final product of his investigation was not a written report as one might reasonably expect, but simply an oral recommendation that "no action be taken." Not exactly the most bang for the buck.
Like the San Diego trip's $72,000 costs in travel, lodging, meals and salary, Townsend's contract stands as another $75,000 frittered away with nothing, repeat, nothing to show for it.
Millet, tired of constantly having to bicker with Doss and other commission members, has now taken the next logical step, spurred on by that San Diego episode, in filing his complaint.
While he is asking for an investigation of the four who drove, it is critical to remember they took a vehicle permanently assigned to Edmonson's second-in-command—pretty clear evidence that they didn't act on their own volition but were instructed to drive some 2,000 miles in order to help bolster Edmonson's ego. That raises the question of who ordered the four to pile into that Expedition and head west?
Accordingly, no investigation should be held without including Edmonson (who had to have ordered them to drive the vehicle) and Dupuy, whose vehicle was used—obviously with his permission.
But Millet is more concerned about the overtime charged by each of the four, including 12 hours each for seven days of travel. Two legs of their trip, from the Grand Canyon to Las Vegas, and from Las Vegas to San Diego were trips of about 250 miles or so that should have taken about four hours each but for which each man charged 12 hours. That's 96 total hours—32 hours at overtime rates—to travel about 500 miles.
While it's probably a waste of time to ask Street to conduct an investigation given the effectiveness displayed by his office over the past several years, any investigation undertaken by Paul would be even more fruitless; he's being asked to investigate the actions of Edmonson, his boss. That ain't happening.
But if Landry launches his own investigation, the results should be fascinating when compared to that of the governor's office, given the acrimonious relationship between the two offices and given Landry's obvious desire to run against Edwards in 2019.
But all of those will pale in comparison to the ticklish position T.J. Doss will find himself in if Millet does the expected and requests another investigation—by the LSPC.
We have speculated on this site several times in the recent past as to what Doss, a state trooper who owes his position as commission chairman to Edmonson (not to mention his job), will do if called upon to investigate his boss.
As the late C.B. Forgotston would say if he were still with us: You can't make this stuff up.
Has the question been asked if these were state funds or federal funds? Before I left LSP, most of the seminars and training offered were covered under federal grants. Training and seminars were coded under DOTD grants, MADD Grants, or the Highway Grant. If federal money was misappropriated where is the FBI or DOJ?
Legislators are you paying attention? In just the San Diego trip and the "no report" $75,000 charge by JBE's friend Taylor Townsend, you have approximately $150,000 of waste by Edmonson.
Good point, and that's not all Landry's office has been supplied. Criminal indictments take time, but Landry's office is going to need to demonstrate some white-collar governmental corruption arrests and/or charges in the next 18 months; otherwise, I've spoken with several folk may be inclined to temper their support for whatever office he may seek in 2019. I remain confident in him, but time will tell.
The OIG appears to be a puppet outfit and won't do anything. The governor isn't going to do anything to tarnish his legacy, as pathetic as it has already been. The only hope here is AG Landry. There is some irony here, folks.
Don't know how the pay was calculated, but one factor might not have been included. If not, then total expenses are even more onerous.
When I budgeted salaries for a large staff that I managed it was necessary to include the company's PAC (Payroll Added Cost) factor that covered all of a persons benefits such as retirement, disability insurance, healthcare, etc. For non-exempt this was about 18% and exempt personnel it was 22%.
Let's just average that at 20% for an easy example. A LSP conference attendee paid $38/hour ($79K/Annually) means the true cost to the state was approximately an additional $8.00/hour: $46/hour.
Hillar Moore needs to convene a Grand Jury to investigate this and, if appropriate, to proceed accordingly.
This is the State Police and the Commander of the State Police strongly appearing to commit criminal acts (i.e., Payroll Fraud), and it has been rooted out for the public, not by law enforcement, but by Tom and Lee through hard work.
It is time that law enforcement, including Hillar Moore and others, step up, take control of this situation, inform the public of what has happened, and take the proper steps to punish those that are guilty or complicit. And, also, if they are innocent, to advise the public of this too.
These are not allegations that need to be resolved through auditors working for the Governor and Commissioner. We all know this, and why ii is being attempted. And, no one has any reason to think the OIG can properly handle something like this.
Join in the call for Hillar Moore to step up in this matter.
HIllar Moore was asked to step up by Legislative Auditor Daryl Purpera entailing "blatant payroll fraud" by the Executive Director of the Auctioneer Licensing Board and Interior Design Board, Sandy Edmonds.
What did he do? He punted to Stephen Street's office which, bowing to intense pressure from Jindal's office, issued a mere heavily watered-down report (declined to prosecute despite absolutely overwhelming evidence).
Edmonds had sufficient pull with Jindal to flaunt (less so pull than Jindal's practice of sweeping corruption under the rug to keep what he thought was a national illusion that he was Presidential material).
In the end, I believe Edmonson will flaunt for the same reason (his direct and strong pull with Edwards). We all saw what happened with Jindal as a result of such actions. What's that definition of insanity, again?
Everyone watch who is involved in the investigation from DOA. You will see close ties with Edmonson's Second in command and the LSTA legal counsel with staff at DOA. When I say close ties, I mean on the personal level and not a professional one. I predict an extreme white wash and watering down of what happened.
We Are Watching, Drain The Swamp!
Hey Bucky. While you are at it, ask for an investigation into stealing food from the cafeteria? It has been happening for years. Easily a felony.


Here are three outstanding options for Mule Deer or Whitetail Deer in Southeast Montana. Both are family run, honest outfitters boasting both high success and quality deer. Now is the time to secure your spots for 2018 as these spots will fill up quickly. Also, be sure to ask us about antelope combination opportunities.
Hunts with this southeast Montana outfitter have been so consistently good, some call it a slam dunk. The deer population is going strong here, and there are no signs of that changing with quality, well-managed habitat. This outfitter's area harbors plenty of mature Mule Deer bucks, as well as some very good whitetails. Most bucks taken are 4×4 and would score from 140-160. We have had a few that go 170. It is very reasonable to expect an opportunity at a 150-class buck on your hunt. It is not uncommon for our Mule Deer hunters to see 10 or more bucks in a day. Our deer hunters have enjoyed 100% shooting opportunity on mature bucks for several years, and it is rare that a tag goes unfilled.
You will also enjoy a well-appointed private wing in the outfitters home with your own private bath. In addition, you'll enjoy exceptional home cooking and generous portions. We've had hunters go back here every year, and it might have as much to do with the hospitality and cooking as it does the hunt. This outfitter does it for the love of the hunt. He has an exclusive lease on a 50,000-acre ranch that is not only beautiful, but easy to navigate, and full of game.
To ensure quality hunting in the future, there is a strict, self-imposed quota on this ranch. Limited openings remain.
This Montana Mule Deer hunt takes place in Powder River country. These are some of the best deer leases in the area and the mule deer population is thriving here. You are hunting with an honest throwback outfitter with a huge private ranch and plentiful deer and antelope to be hunted. These are very high success hunts; many hunters tag out on the first or second day. Enjoy the luxury of a heated Nature Blind, keeping you comfortable even on a long sit. Expect to see good numbers of deer, including both Whitetail and Mule Deer. Since your Montana tag is good for either specie, if you elect to take a bruiser Whitetail that happens in front of you, the choice is yours.
The cabin, most call it a lodge, comfortably sleeps 12, but rarely would there be more than 8 hunters in camp. The lodge sits on 7,000 acres, which the outfitter owns. In addition, he leases another 200,000 acres, all strategically located along the Powder River. Most of this acreage is comprised of some of the best agricultural land in the area. You'll have a hard time finding a more target rich hunting environment than this. Expect bucks in the 140-160 class bucks with opportunity for bigger on this Montana Mule Deer hunt.
Or enjoy some of the highest success hunting we know of for archery Whitetail. This hunt makes a great combination with antelope as the archery antelope tag has drawn at 100%.
This Montana Archery Whitetail hunt puts you in prime position to ambush a big Whitetail coming out of the Powder River bottoms en route to feed on plentiful alfalfa. You are hunting with an honest throwback outfitter with a huge private ranch and plentiful deer and antelope to be hunted. These are very high success hunts, much higher than your typical archery hunt. It is one of the most target rich hunting environments. You can hunt just Whitetail or make it a combo and pursue antelope in the morning and deer in the evening. Archery tag drawings for antelope run about 99%. These hunts too, run very high success. Antelope hunts are blind based. They have over 30 extra-large blinds set up. Antelope can be combo-hunted with deer for an additional $950, making it a 5-day hunt rather than 4-day.


Accompanied by thunder and lightning, the first monsoon rains lashed Indore district on Monday evening bringing relief to residents, especially to the farmers who eagerly awaited its arrival after a scorching summer.
With monsoon showers on Monday, Malwa-Nimad too came under its coverage.
Monsoon rains hold great significance for the Malwa-Nimad region as 55% of its farmers depend on it to grow kharif crops including soybean, one of their biggest sources of income.
Also, rainwater fills up water bodies and is used for drinking, and domestic and industrial purposes throughout the year.
The city received moderate to heavy rainfall on the first day, even though the intermittent rain spells were brisk and short-lived.
Moisture-laden winds reaching speeds of up to 38 km/hr blew in from the south-west for most part of the day.
The sky remained cloudy throughout and dark clouds loomed on horizon in the evening, right before the showers began.
The city recorded a maximum temperature of 33.5 degrees Celsius, three degrees below normal.
The minimum temperature was 21.5 degrees Celsius, also three degrees below normal.
Morning and evening humidity was 87% and 68% respectively.
The meteorological department has predicted intermittent rain spells accompanied by thunderstorms in the next 48 hours.
The department, which had earlier predicted that monsoon would reach the city after June 18, three days later than usual, confirmed its arrival on Monday saying that the weather system active in the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal resulted in its early arrival.


I bought six Buff Orpington pullets two weeks ago from a local breeder. On Wednesday I came home to find two with eyes swollen and matted shut. I got warm water and clean rags and wiped matting off their eyes. One chick was significantly worse than the other. Hard white pus came out of each eye with a large almost dime sized out of the right eye. I also noticed that they kept opening and closing their beak although there was no coughing or gasping for breath. I cleaned the eyes out again yesterday morning and both girls are able to partially open their eyes, although they preferred to keep them shut. And I started them last night on Oxytetracycline and eye drops v.....,,? I added electrolytes to water this morning too. They do shiver as if cold and stay under heat lamp so I put their food and water in their house close by. Really sick one is hanging in there and will drink if I put her in front of the water and dip her beak so she knows it's there. She will drink and does stop when she's through. She ate some vanilla Greek yogurt last night and this morning. The rest are eating and drinking OK but are beginning to exhibit symptoms like the two sick ones. Any ideas of what this could be? And am I treating correctly? I love my girls and don't want to lose them. They are in a coop by themselves.
Wish we could tell you what this is and if that is the right antibiotic for it. Oxy. is for bacterial infections. If this is a virus, the Oxy. might help with secondary infections. Sounds like they might have an upper respiratory infection.
This is not good news so young in their lives and I would suspect the possibility that they brought the problem with them, especially if you have other chickens that are well. Two weeks in is unusual, as generally the stress of moving to a new location can bring on signs of illness soon after bringing them home. You didn't say how old they are, but I suspect still young since they have a heat lamp.
Giving yogurt is a good idea to possibly help balance their digestive systems when you have to give antibiotics. Electrolytes & vitamins are good too, to try to keep their strength up.
You will need to keep them plenty warm, especially at night when temperatures cool. Keep encouraging fluids and any nutrition you can get them to take. I wish there were a magic cure & I could tell you how to cure it. What you are doing to support them is good.
I don't know how they were raised and if they have had access to sunshine and fresh foods. Sounds like their immune systems are weak. I've had more success with injected antibiotics for birds than oral, but it has to be one that will address the problem. Upper respiratory infections can be fungal or bacterial.
Chickens are tough creatures, but when they get this sick it is serious, as I'm sure you can tell.
I've never had chicks get sick like this. Possibly others will have suggestions.


text:
Taylor Dugas Called Up By Yankees
Jay Walker Published: July 1, 2015
Photo Courtesy Acadiana Cane Cutters
Another Lafayette native has been called up to the big leagues.
The New York Yankees have placed outfielder Carlos Beltran on the disabled list, and called up former Teurlings and Alabama standout Taylor Dugas to replace him.
Dugas has split time between AA Trenton and AAA Wilkes-Barre/Scranton this season.
Dugas was a four time all-SEC performer and three time All-American while at Alabama. Dugas is in the top ten in fourteen offensive categories at Alabama including hits, singles, doubles and triples.
He was an eighth round draft choice of the Yankees in 2012.
Dugas played one season with the Acadiana Cane Cutters (2011).
(All information courtesy of the Acadiana Cane Cutters.)
Source: Taylor Dugas Called Up By Yankees
Filed Under: acadiana cane cutters, alabama crimson tide, new york yankees


text:
package io.github.aquerr.eaglefactions.commands.access;

import io.github.aquerr.eaglefactions.api.EagleFactions;
import io.github.aquerr.eaglefactions.api.entities.Claim;
import io.github.aquerr.eaglefactions.api.entities.Faction;
import io.github.aquerr.eaglefactions.api.messaging.MessageService;
import io.github.aquerr.eaglefactions.commands.AbstractCommand;
import io.github.aquerr.eaglefactions.messaging.EFMessageService;
import io.github.aquerr.eaglefactions.util.ParticlesUtil;
import io.github.aquerr.eaglefactions.util.WorldUtil;
import net.kyori.adventure.text.Component;
import net.kyori.adventure.text.event.HoverEvent;
import org.spongepowered.api.command.CommandResult;
import org.spongepowered.api.command.exception.CommandException;
import org.spongepowered.api.command.parameter.CommandContext;
import org.spongepowered.api.entity.living.player.Player;
import org.spongepowered.api.entity.living.player.server.ServerPlayer;
import org.spongepowered.api.service.pagination.PaginationList;
import org.spongepowered.api.world.server.ServerWorld;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

import static net.kyori.adventure.text.Component.newline;
import static net.kyori.adventure.text.LinearComponents.linear;

public class NotAccessibleByFactionCommand extends AbstractCommand
{
    private final MessageService messageService;

    public NotAccessibleByFactionCommand(final EagleFactions plugin)
    {
        super(plugin);
        this.messageService = plugin.getMessageService();
    }

    @Override
    public CommandResult execute(final CommandContext context) throws CommandException
    {
        final ServerPlayer player = requirePlayerSource(context);
        final Faction playerFaction = requirePlayerFaction(player);

        // Access can be run only by leader and officers
        if (!playerFaction.getLeader().equals(player.uniqueId()) && !playerFaction.getOfficers().contains(player.uniqueId()) && !super.getPlugin().getPlayerManager().hasAdminMode(player.user()))
            throw super.getPlugin().getMessageService().resolveExceptionWithMessage(EFMessageService.ERROR_YOU_MUST_BE_THE_FACTIONS_LEADER_OR_OFFICER_TO_DO_THIS);

        // Get claim at player's location
        return showNotAccessibleByFaction(player, playerFaction);
    }

    private CommandResult showNotAccessibleByFaction(final Player sourcePlayer, final Faction faction)
    {
        final List<Component> resultList = new ArrayList<>();
        final Set<Claim> claims = faction.getClaims();

        for (final Claim claim : claims)
        {
            if (claim.isAccessibleByFaction())
                continue;

            final List<String> ownersNames = claim.getOwners().stream()
                    .map(owner -> super.getPlugin().getPlayerManager().getFactionPlayer(owner))
                    .filter(Optional::isPresent)
                    .map(factionPlayer -> factionPlayer.get().getName())
                    .collect(Collectors.toList());
            final Component claimHoverInfo = linear(messageService.resolveComponentWithMessage("command.access.accessible-by-faction", claim.isAccessibleByFaction()), newline(),
                    messageService.resolveComponentWithMessage("command.access.owners", String.join(", ", ownersNames)));

            final Optional<ServerWorld> world = WorldUtil.getWorldByUUID(claim.getWorldUUID());
            String worldName = "";
            if (world.isPresent())
                worldName = WorldUtil.getPlainWorldName(world.get());
            resultList.add(messageService.resolveComponentWithMessage("command.access.access-line", worldName, claim.getChunkPosition().toString())
                .hoverEvent(HoverEvent.showText(claimHoverInfo)));
            spawnParticlesInClaim(claim);
        }

        final PaginationList paginationList = PaginationList.builder()
                .padding(super.getPlugin().getMessageService().resolveComponentWithMessage("command.access.padding-character"))
                .title(super.getPlugin().getMessageService().resolveComponentWithMessage("command.access.header"))
                .contents(resultList)
                .linesPerPage(10)
                .build();
        paginationList.sendTo(sourcePlayer);
        return CommandResult.success();
    }

    private void spawnParticlesInClaim(final Claim claim)
    {
        ParticlesUtil.spawnRemoveAccessParticles(claim);
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Difference Between Rotisserie and Head to Head
• Categorized under Sports | Difference Between Rotisserie and Head to Head
Rotisserie vs Head to Head
Football is a game or sport that is played between two teams comprising eleven players. The goal is to score by taking the ball into the opponent's end zone. It is one of the most popular sports in the world, especially in the United States, and is played by people of all ages.
Aside from high school, college, and professional football, there are many variations of the game such as:
Touch football wherein the game ends when the ball carrier is touched by a defender.
Flag football wherein the ball carrier wears a flag, and if it is taken by a defender, the game ends.
Wrap wherein the game ends when the ball carrier is wrapped in the arms of a defender.
Arena football league which is an eight-man football team and can be played indoors.
Fantasy football which is a virtual football game. It allows players to manage professional football players of the National Football League (NFL).
It has become a very popular Internet game since its invention in 1988 by Gary Chiappetta and
David McNamara. The game allows players to draft, add/drop players, trade, and change rosters. Fantasy football has many different leagues, namely; dynasty league, salary cap league, survivor fantasy league, simulation football, total points league, head to head, and rotisserie.
Head-to-head leagues have different opponents every week, and the team that has more points during the week wins the game. To win the championship, a team must have the most wins, and if there is a tie, the winner is decided by the total points of the teams.
Rotisserie leagues, on the other hand, do not have different opponents every week. Instead, the team's overall points for the NFL season is accumulated, and whichever team has the most points for the season wins the championship.
In this league, no matter how well your team is doing in each game and you win most of the games in the season, if in some games you have very little points, it could cost you the championship. Head-to-head league games, on the other hand, are played more like a real football game. The weekly change of opponents adds more to the excitement of the game, and it allows players to experience real, professional football. Aside from the NFL leagues, fantasy football now has college leagues as well.
1.Head to head is a fantasy football league wherein a team is matched with different opponents each week while rotisserie is a fantasy football league wherein a team does not have a different opponent each week.
2.Head-to-head league games are patterned on NFL games while rotisserie league games are not.
3.A team that has more wins for the season wins the championship of a head-to-head league game while the team that has more points for the season wins the championship of a rotisserie league game.
4.Head to head allows players to have a real NFL experience while rotisserie does not.
Emelda M
Latest posts by Emelda M (see all)
Difference Between Mocha and Coffee - January 11, 2012
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Difference Between Tropical Meteorology and Monsoon Meteorology - January 2, 2012
Difference Between Football and Soccer
Difference Between AL and NL
Difference Between NFL and AFL
Differences Between Rugby and Football
Difference Between Tennis and Badminton
M, E. (2011, April 16). Difference Between Rotisserie and Head to Head. Difference Between Similar Terms and Objects. http://www.differencebetween.net/miscellaneous/sports-miscellaneous/difference-between-rotisserie-and-head-to-head/.
M, Emelda. "Difference Between Rotisserie and Head to Head." Difference Between Similar Terms and Objects, 16 April, 2011, http://www.differencebetween.net/miscellaneous/sports-miscellaneous/difference-between-rotisserie-and-head-to-head/.
Written by : Emelda M. and updated on 2011, April 16
See more about : football
More in 'Sports'
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The release of Gears of War 4 is right around the corner, and now Microsoft has shared some info on how everyone can save some money through a new pre-order promotion. This one has to do with pre-ordering through PayPal, which ends up getting you $10 Xbox Store credit.
Microsoft has revealed that all you have to do is pre-order Gears of War 4 by October 6th, and when you do you will be sent the $10 Xbox Store credit within 30 days of placing your order. Of course, this only applies to digital copies of the game, as it must be done through the Xbox Store itself. You can read the full terms and conditions by clicking right here.
There's also good news for those who were considering shelling out the $100 for the Ultimate Edition, as this offer also works with this edition along with the standard one. The offer stands until 11:59 PM on October 6th, so that should give you plenty of time if you're on the fence.
While Gears of War 4 isn't set to launch until October 11th for those who purchase the standard edition, those who purchase the Ultimate Edition will be able to start playing on October 7th. The game will be released for Xbox One and PC.


As a kid, I remember the excitement of going to the grocery store. More importantly, I remember the excitement of heading down the cereal aisle to pick out my box for the week!
I mean, those boxes are meant to draw. you. in. They are brightly packaged, with attractive lettering, and lots of lovely pictures.
I have seen many a child pitch a fit in the middle of the cereal aisle.
Most commercial cereal, as much as the appeal is there is, is not a healthy breakfast option despite what the fine print on the box tells you. Cereal is full of dyes, chemicals, rancid oils, and hard to digest grains.
Cereal is also majorly overpriced for a box of non-nutrient dense food.
And with all of that, I know that some days I miss cereal! I can't be the only one, right?
While you can't quite replace the box of colorful O's, you can certainly make nutrient-dense cereal for your family. In fact, if you make bulk batches, you can save time and money while feeding your family a healthy breakfast!
Ready to get started? Here are 50+ gluten free cereal recipes you can make at home!
Do you have a favorite homemade cereal recipe? Leave a comment below!
Many of these recipes are not gluten free. For someone with coeliac disease oats are not recommended!
Hi Kristi – Thanks for stopping by! Oats are, by nature, gluten-free, but are often cross-contaminated since they are grown close to wheat. You can buy certified gluten-free oats and for that reason they are included in gluten-free recipes. Have a great day!
YOU DO NOT KNOW YOUR FACTS. DID YOU EVEN LOOK AT THE RECIPES!!!!! THEY SAY CERIFIED GLUTEN-FREE OATS! OATS ARE GLUTEN-FREE!!!!!! AS LONG AS THEY ARE HARVESTED FROM A GLUTEN-FREE DEDICATED FARM! REASON OATS WERE NOT ALLOWED IS BECAUSE THEY ARE HARVESTED FROM THE SAME EQUIPMENT AS WHEAT BUT NOT SO ON A DEDICATED GLUTEN-FREE FAMR!


text:
Watch Sampha's New Short Film Process, By the Director of Lemonade
Author: Winston Cook-Wilson / Source: Spin
Sampha has released a short film called Process to compliment his February album of the same name. Directed by Kahlil Joseph–the mastermind behind Beyoncé's Lemonade, The Arcade Fire's The Reflektor Tapes, and music videos for FKA twigs and Flying Lotus–the 38-minute, time-warping short combines footage of Sampha performing with other surreal narrative material to create a tribute to Sampha's late mother (In other words, it…
FKA Twigs Flying Lotus Kahlil Joseph Music PY Sampha Short film
FKA twigs Teases Soundtrack 7 TV Premiere: Watch
Last year, FKA twigs held a week-long residency called Soundtrack 7 in Manchester, as part of the city's International Festival. That performance, described as an "abstract autobiographical piece," has been turned into a short film. Watch a preview below. The short, soundtracked by FKA twigs songs including "How's That," "Ultraviolet," and "Good to Love," will premiere on BBC 4 this…
FKA Twigs Music PY


your mind already in another place.
Ya, is good. I like the spacing and pacing, it gives a cadence that makes you feel carried along, which fits well with the subject. Also liked the ending... seems ambiguous and I can read it two ways, optimistic or fatalistic.
Thank you for your thoughts and for liking, Broamalia.
Hi, Helen. This seemed a very well honed and clear little view of nostalgia, or maybe the Welsh word 'hiraeth' suits it better – which means a sad (though can be an enjoyed) longing for something or someone known in the past.
Thanks Rhiannon. I love the sound of the Welsh word - and its meaning.
I think I was trying to create a sense of hesitency, a drifing, but perhaps it upsets the grammar.
Just like to agree with all the above.
'I watch time burn' a lovely line.
The back story is intriguing, lots to think about.
I loved all the metaphors and how they ran together so fluidly. Great job!
A column of comments is often a barometer of the talent of the writer and the quality of their submissions. I'd like to add to the column. I missed this one Philip, don't quite know how.
I like the whole thing but especially the simple two stanza enjambment. That separation accents the whole of the theme. Excellent figurative language and a sophisticated method. Well done.
Thank you so much scratch!
fire bubbling beneath the surface..."
When I read this I thought of Iceland for some reason, then again I thought of a few other places as well.
Iceland it is! Thanks Torscot.
This is a deep and meaningful poem, sad and yet realistic.


text:
Q: Class diagram examples for RPG (Role Playing Game) Does anyone know where I can find examples of class diagrams for RP game development? Something similar to here would be quite useful. I'm not looking for things I can slavishly copy, but just for different examples that diagram various solutions to the problems I'm discovering as I try and pencil down my own classes.

A: I know Emmanuel Deloget from GameDev.net but I'm not sure I would choose to use the hierarchy he's got there! Too much inheritance, not enough flexibility.
If I was writing a text-based RPG (as I have done in the past) it would look a bit like this (though I've no time to draw up a diagram for it, sadly):

*

*Creatures, Rooms, and Items derived
from WorldEntity, with WorldEntity
objects arranged in a Composite
structure, so items can live within
other items, carried by creatures,
who exist within rooms. Implementing
the Visitor pattern for WorldEntities
might work well.

*CreatureType and ItemType classes
which contain the 'class' data for
individual Creature and Item
instances, which refer back to their
corresponding 'type' object. (eg. base
hitpoints and stats in the former,
current hitpoints and transient effects
in the latter). I might implement these as
prototypical lists of properties that get
copied to Creature or Item instances when
they are created. You can implement property
inheritance via a 'parent' property so that
a specific goblin Creature instance may relate to the
'warrior goblin' CreatureType, which contains a
parent reference to the 'generic goblin' CreatureType. And so on.

*Exits that are owned by their Room, and are
one way, and which detail the direction of
travel, various conditions of passage, etc.

*Areas, that contain groups of rooms connected
by some logical organisation.

*A Spawn class to dictate where Creature
and Item instances are created (eg. which room,
or at what coordinates), when they are created and
with what frequency, and from
which CreatureTypes and ItemTypes. You may have
some logic in here to randomise things a bit.

*Spells, skills, abilities, etc.
all derived from a base Action class
or interface that specifies prerequisites
(eg. current position, mana points, some
degree of learning of a skill, etc). Normal
commands and actions can go here too since they
often have some sort of requirements too
(eg. a 'sleep' command requires that you're not
already sleeping.)

*A FutureEvent class which is essentially a
callback that you push onto a priority queue
to execute in the future. You can use these to
schedule combat rounds, spell cool-down times,
night/day cycles, whatever you like.

*A hash/map/dictionary of name->value pairs for
player and item statistics. Not type-safe but
you'll appreciate the flexibility later. In my
experience making stats member variables is
workable but inflexible, and having specialise
'attribute' classes becomes a convoluted
nightmare when debugging.

*A Modifier type which contains a stat name
and a modifier value (eg. +10, +15%). These
get added to your creatures as they are used
(eg. through a spell effect, or by wielding
an enchanted weapon) and get stripped off later
by a timed FutureEvent or some other event such
as a command being executed.

*Game-specific classes such as PlayerClass or
PlayerRace, each of which describe a player's class
(eg. warrior, wizard, thief) or race (human, elf,
dwarf) and set starting stat values and limits,
skill availability lists, special powers, etc.

*Basic player interface classes which will vary
depending on your actual game type. You might
have a rendering classes for a graphical game, or
in a MUD you might have a Connection class
reflecting the TCP connection to the player's client.
Try to keep all game logic out of these.

*A scripting interface. Most of your commands, spells,
and creature AI can be realised more quickly with
a decent scripting interface and it keeps compile times
down too. It also allows for some great in-game debugging
and diagnostic capabilities.

That would be the basic high level structure I'd use.

A: <tongue_in_cheek_mode_because_it_is_friday>

Just to start:
          ----------------                    --------------
          |   Creature   |                    |  Item      |
          |--------------|                    |------------|
          | Name         |                    | Name       |
          | Hp           |                    | Value      |
          | Abilities    |--------------------| Weight     |
          |--------------|                    --------------
          | Attack       |
          ----------------
                 ^
                 |
        ----------------------
        |                    |
----------------    ----------------
|  Hero        |    |  Monster     |
|--------------|    |--------------|
| Level        |    |              |
|--------------|    |--------------|
| KillMonster  |    | AttackAndDie |
| GrabTreasure |    | DropTreasure |
----------------    ----------------

</tongue_in_cheek_mode_because_it_is_friday>

A: How about something of the sort :

alt text http://img217.imageshack.us/img217/4886/classwo0.png
Here are some other diagrams:

*

*http://www.russelldare.net/media/2dgame/uml.jpg

*http://dirkkok.files.wordpress.com/2007/12/domainmodel1.jpg?w=505&h=573

*http://members.gamedev.net/emmanuel_deloget/images/text_rpg_rule_system.png

*http://theworldofdan.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/05/classdiagram1.jpg

*http://www.c-sharpcorner.com/UploadFile/mgold/SpaceInvaders06292005005618AM/Images/SpaceInvadersUML.jpg

*http://blog.xlandersoftware.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/08/tankrushuml.png

A: A very different approach by Steve Yegge.

A: Look at JADE's Javadoc for a good overview of a complex game :)

A: You may want to consider a component entity system rather than a traditional inheritance hierarchy; they tend to be more flexible to certain types of change, make tool (e.g. world editor) development much easier, and present opportunities for parallelization that might not otherwise be obvious or easy.
Many modern game engines are moving away from the "monolithic class Object" (or class Entity, whatever) and toward a "bag of components" approach.
There are numerous books and articles around.  Generally:

*

*the Game Programming Gems series (apparently both volume 5 and 6 have component articles, and I think 2 might have had one as well)

*the Game Developers Conference website often has links to presentations from prior years, and is a goldmine for this sort of thing -- you can even usually buy the CDs/DVDs for former years cheaply (especially if you attend)

*Gamasutra's feature article archives and the Game Developer Magazine backissues

Specifically (some noteworthy ones, google "component" and "entity" in various combinations for more):

*

*Evolve Your Hierarchy, Mick West

*Entity Systems are the future of MMOG development; also part 2 and part 3

*Introduction to Dungeon Siege Architecture on the Gas Powered Games wiki

*A Data-Driven Game Object System, Scott Bilas (GDC 2002)

*the Nocturnal Initiative, a openly-licensed collection of libraries and tools from Insomniac Games (they have one of the biggest tool efforts in the industry, from what I've seen)

Each of these articles links to a few more.
Try the kool-aid, you might like it.  =)

A: Be bold, your game shouldn't be a clone of hack and slash nonsense.
Your actors should be able to switch sides, take their own initiative
enlist other actors, etc.  Otherwise, whats the point?
   +-----------------------------+
   V                             |
[Actor] ------- [Allegiance] ----+
 - risk comfort    - weight
 - temerity

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Mobile Privacy — The World Privacy Forum attended the NTIA Multistakeholder meeting as one of the core drafters of the code of conduct being considered by the NTIA Multistakeholder process. WPF and the other drafters are accepting comments from all stakeholders in preparation of the next iteration of the draft.
Current drafts, including redline drafts, are available on the NTIA website.