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Browsing by Author "Quinitio, Emilia T."
Changes in the steroid hormone and vitellogenin levels during the gametogenic cycle of the giant tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon
ET Quinitio, A Hara, K Yamauchi & S Nakao - Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - Part C: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Endocrinology, 1994 - Elsevier
The levels of estradiol-17β, and progesterone in the hemolymph, ovaries and hepatopancreas, in relation to the vitellogenin levels of captive female Penaeus monodon, were determined during the gametogenic cycle. Estradiol in the hemolymph was detected in fully mature shrimps (Stage 5) only. The ovarian estradiol levels were quite variable but showed no significant differences in the mature (Stages 4 and 5) and spent stage (Stage 6). In the hepatopancreas, a peak in estradiol level was noted in mature shrimps (Stage 5). The progesterone levels in the hemolymph were high in shrimps with mature ovaries (Stages 4 and 5) while those with immature ovaries (Stages 2, 3 and spent) were low or undetectable. The progesterone levels in both ovaries and hepatopancreas were significantly high in mature shrimps. The vitellogenin levels increased simultaneously with ovarian development and reached maximum levels during the final stage of vitellogenesis. A decrease in levels was observed after egg release. The correlation between the levels of progesterone and vitellogenin may indicate a positive effect of this steroid on vitellogenin production.
Development of hatchery techniques for the mud crab Scylla serrata (Forskål): Comparison of feeding schemes
ET Quinitio, F Parado-Estepa & V Alava - In CP Keenan & A Blackshaw (Eds.), Mud Crab Aquaculture and Biology. Proceedings of an international scientific forum held in Darwin, Australia, 21–24 April 1997, 1999 - Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research
Scylla serrata larvae were reared in 3 L plastic containers and fed various amounts of artificial diets (AD) with or without natural food (NF: Brachionus rotundiformis and newly-hatched Artemia). The amounts of AD fed alone to zoea in treatments (T) 1 to 4 were as follows: 1) 2.0 mg/L/day + 0.25 mg/L/day increment/substage; 2) 2.0 mg/L/day + 0.5 mg/L/day increment/ substage; 3) 4.0 mg/L/day + 0.5 mg/L/day increment/substage; 4) 4.0 mg/L/day + 1.0 mg/L/day increment/ substage. NF were given in addition to the respective amounts of artificial diet in T5, T6, T7 and T8. T9 served as the control (NF only). Based on three experimental runs, only larvae in T5, T6, and T9 survived until the megalopa stage. Thus, only these three treatments were compared in succeeding experiments using a commercial shrimp diet in 250 L fibreglass tanks. Of the three runs conducted using a commercial diet, two runs showed significant differences (P<0.05) in survival. T5 gave higher survival (3.71% and 1.33%) than T9 (1.84% and 0.45%) and T6 (1.37% and 0.45%). Population development index did not differ among treatments in three runs.
Domestication of the mud crab Scylla serrata
ET Quinitio, JJ de la Cruz, MRR Eguia, FD Parado-Estepa, GS Pates Jr. & CR Lavilla-Pitogo - Aquaculture International, 2011 - Springer Verlag
The significant decrease in wild mud crab population highlights the need to manage the resources and domesticate crabs. This paper presents the initial results of the domestication of mud crab Scylla serrata aimed at producing good-quality captive broodstock. The analysis of the genetic structure of the base population was done as a prerequisite for domestication. Adult S. serrata from the northern to southern parts of the Philippines (Cagayan, Camarines, Samar, and Surigao) were obtained for genetic diversity analysis and domestication. Analysis of molecular variance showed that differences in the genetic variability between the four populations were not significant. Moreover, no significant deviation from Hardy–Weinberg Equilibrium was observed in each sample population and even in pooled populations. Body weight was positively correlated with the carapace width. Second spawning occurred 41–46 days after the first spawning and 34 days from second to third spawning. However, there was a decrease in the number of zoea in repeat spawnings. Twenty-four first-generation (F1) families were produced from the four sites. The duration from spawning of the base population (P0) to attainment of broodstock size F1 was 10–14 months. Four second-generation (F2) families were produced after 11–12 months. Up to the F2, crabs tested negative for six viruses: white spot syndrome virus, infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus, gill-associated virus, yellow head virus, Taura syndrome virus, and infectious myonecrosis virus. The reproductive performance of P0 was comparable to the succeeding generations. Several families were obtained from one population in a year. However, due to the cannibalistic behavior of crabs, more space is required for the nursery and grow-out phase. The domestication of S. serrata is the first study done on any mud crab species in the Indo-west Pacific region. The initial results would serve as guide to understand and eliminate the barriers to mud crab domestication. The breeding technology developed from this study will support the production of good-quality seedstock for farming.
Female-specific SNP markers provide insights into a WZ/ZZ sex determination system for mud crabs Scylla paramamosain, S. tranquebarica and S. serrata with a rapid method for genetic sex identification
X Shi, K Waiho, X Li, M Ikhwanuddin, G Miao, F Lin, Y Zhang, S Li, H Zheng, W Liu, JJ Aweya, G Azmie, JC Baylon, ET Quinitio & H Ma - BMC Genomics, 2018 - BMC
Mud crabs, Scylla spp., are commercially important large-size marine crustaceans in the Indo-West Pacific region. As females have the higher growth rate and economic value, the production of all female stocks is extremely essential in aquaculture. However, the sex determination mechanism is still unclear. Development of sex-specific genetic markers based on next-generation sequencing proved to be an effective tool for discovering sex determination system in various animals.
Implication of mud crab culture technology transfer on rural coastal communities: The case in northern Samar, Philippines
DB Baticados, RF Agbayani & ET Quinitio - In ET Quinitio, FD Parado-Estepa & RM Coloso (Eds.), Philippines : In the forefront of the mud crab industry development : proceedings of the 1st National Mud Crab Congress, 16-18 November 2015, Iloilo City, Philippines, 2017 - Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center
The socio-economic implications of technology transfer of mud crab culture on small-scale growers in Northern Samar and the mechanism of nursery technology transfer were investigated. The study covered four Peoples Organizations (POs), each operating in villages of the four municipalities of Northern Samar namely, Lavezares, Rosario, Laoang, and Pambujan. These were sites of the Philippine-Australian Community Assistance Program - assisted mud crab (Scylla) culture livelihood projects. Interviews from 60 beneficiaries revealed that most (76%) were relatively new to mud crab culture, particularly fattening or growout, but 65% were gleaners of mud crabs for more than 5 years. The average age of respondents was 45 years old and were predominantly male. Most (93%) were married with an average household size of six. A cost and return analysis of mud crab fattening in pens using only two compartments showed that the net income (P4,832/month for a 30-day culture period) is not sufficient if shared among 40 PO members participating in only one economic activity. Consequently, most (63 %) respondents whose livelihood projects were cooperative undertaking were no longer keen with the cooperative-run project. Interestingly, those (83 %) who operated their own farm wanted to continue and expand (26 %), particularly those in Rosario. The motivation factors that influenced growers to continue mud crab culture and adopt the nursery technology being disseminated were primarily economic with extra income and source of cash as main reasons for adoption. Majority also claimed that the nursery technology that was being transferred by SEAFDEC/AQD was simple.
The mud crab pond nursery technology transfer involved community training and participation of beneficiaries, beginning with the linking of technologists and socio-economists with on-the-ground partners. Thereafter, season-long training and farm demonstration followed comprising lecture series and hands-on demonstration. Nursery pond operations were conducted in an open pond (Rosario) and in a pond within a mangrove area (Pambujan). Survival in the pond within a mangrove area was higher (68 %) than in an open pond (50 %) for phase 1, suggesting that the mangrove played a role on mud crab endurance. However, survival in phase 2 (72 %, Pambujan; 83 %, Rosario) showed a reversed trend, suggesting that bigger crablets can withstand/endure harsh pond conditions.
Results of the demonstration indicated that the nursery technology is a viable enterprise, showing an ROI of 93.50% in Rosario and 198.04% in Pambujan. Most (83%) of the growers were interested in the nursery technology, although only few PO members participated in the season-long training. Ownership of area, market, and farm distance from household were the more important considerations that influenced small-scale growers in adopting the technology.
Isolation and characterization of vitellin from the ovary of Penaeus monodon
ET Quinitio, A Hara, K Yamauchi & A Fuji - Invertebrate Reproduction and Development, 1990 - International Society of Invertebrate Reproduction and Development
Female-specific protein (FSP, vitellogenin) in Penaeus monodon hemolymph and its related ovarian protein (vitellin, lipovitellin) were identified and characterized using electrophoretical and immunological procedures. The purification of vitellin from mature ovaries was carried out using hydroxylapatite and Sepharose 6B columns. Results indicated that there are two proteins specifically existing in the hemolymph of the mature female which are immunologically identical to ovarian protein. These are absent in the male. The isolated vitellin has a molecular weight of approximately 540 kDa and is composed of 4 major (polypeptide) subunits, 74, 83, 104 and 168 kDa and 1 minor (polypeptide) subunit, 90 kDa. The purified protein stained positively with periodic acid-Schiff and Sudan black B and thus is a glycolipoprotein.
Results of double immunodiffusion demonstrate the cross-reactivity of P. monodon vitellin antiserum with the ovarian extract from mature females of Penaeus indicus, Penaeus merguiensis and Penaeus semisulcatus, but not with Pandalus kessleri, indicating that there is no antigenic difference at species level in Penaeidae.
Larval survival and megalopa production of Scylla sp. at different salinities
FD Parado-Estepa & ET Quinitio - In CP Keenan & A Blackshaw (Eds.), Mud Crab Aquaculture and Biology. Proceedings of an International Scientific Forum, 21-24 April 1997, Darwin, Australia, 1999 - Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research
Salinity tolerance was determined for each zoeal stage of Scylla sp. Larvae from ablated pond-grown females were abruptly transferred to salinities of 12, 16, 20, 24, 28 and 32 ppt. Spawning salinity or previous rearing salinity was 32 ppt, except for Z5 which were previously reared at 26 ppt. The mean median lethal time or LT50 values were compared between salinities. For Z1 and Z2, highest values were obtained at 20–32 ppt. Z3 had highest LT50 values at 20–24 ppt and Z4 at 24–32 ppt. For Z5, highest LT50 values were obtained at 20–32 ppt. Another batch of Z3 and Z4 were subjected to the same abrupt salinity transfers and reared to the megalopa stage. Significantly higher percentages of larvae metamorphosed to the megalopa stage at salinities of 20–28 ppt when transfer to test salinities was at Z3. When transfer was at Z4 or Z5, the highest percentage of larvae moulted to the megalopa stage at 24–28 ppt or at 28 ppt, respectively.
Midgut gland as monitor organ for the nutritional value of diets in Penaeus monodon (Decapoda)
G Vogt, V Storch, ET Quinitio & FP Pascual - Aquaculture, 1985 - Elsevier
Midgut gland cells of Penaeus monodon postlarvae were investigated by electron microscopy after starvation and refeeding with different diets.
Well nourished postlarvae could be starved for 5 days without irreversible detriment. They recovered easily on a good diet. Only R cells were affected by a short starvation period. After 13 days of food deprivation the structures of all cell types were disintegrated. The postlarvae were able to starve for a maximum of 15 days. The most diversified ultrastructure was obtained by refeeding with cod liver oil and 2s (mixed diet). Casein was not well utilized. Sucrose was the poorest diet. The midgut gland of Penaeus monodon seems to be lipid oriented. Only fat was used as storage material; glycogen was lacking.
Different ultrastructures were induced in R cells by a given diet after longer starvation periods. The reestablishment of their ultrastructure by means of a definite diet seems to be impossible after a certain period of starvation (point of no return).
R cells are very sensitive to different diets. B cells show slight reactions, while F and E cells remain relatively unchanged. This indicates that R cells could be used to monitor the nutritional value of prawn diets in aquaculture.
Nursery and grow-out of mud crab
ET Quinitio, MEM Rodriguez & FDP Estepa - In Training Handbook on Rural Aquaculture, 2009 - Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center
Philippine National Standard for Live Mud Crabs: establishing food safety and quality requirements
MF Matubang, TS Palomares, JP Peralta, ET Quinitio, RJ Ragaza, JV Alejo, PB Regazpi, CE Romero, HA Montoya, JG Trinidad & KKA Roscom - In ET Quinitio, FD Parado-Estepa & RM Coloso (Eds.), Philippines : In the forefront of the mud crab industry development : proceedings of the 1st National Mud Crab Congress, 16-18 November 2015, Iloilo City, Philippines, 2017 - Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center
The Bureau of Agriculture and Fisheries Standards (BAFS) of the Department of Agriculture (DA), in collaboration with the relevant government and research agencies, academe and industry organization, is currently developing the Philippine National Standard (PNS) for live mangrove crabs (also known as mud crabs). This PNS defines the food safety and quality requirements for live mangrove crabs in order to ensure consumers’ health and make the product globally competitive. The process in the development of standards include review of the existing requirements of local and foreign markets and internationally recognized standards, creation of the Technical Working Group, initial drafting of the PNS, conduct of public consultations in major production areas, finalization of the draft for the PNS, notification to the World Trade Organization and approval of the DA Secretary.
The PNS for live mangrove crabs specifies the scope of the standard, product description, essential composition and quality factors, hygiene, handling, labeling requirements, methods of sampling, examination and analysis, definition of defectives, and the requirements for product lot acceptance.
Recent developments and enhancing transfer of the nursery technology for the mud crab Scylla serrata
FD Parado-Estepa, V Alava, E Garibay, C Bejemino, J Sumile, J Silvestre & ET Quinitio - In ET Quinitio, FD Parado-Estepa & RM Coloso (Eds.), Philippines : In the forefront of the mud crab industry development : proceedings of the 1st National Mud Crab Congress, 16-18 November 2015, Iloilo City, Philippines, 2017 - Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center
The development of hatchery techniques for seed production of mud crab is expected to address the present problem on the depletion of wild seedstock supply for stocking in grow-out ponds. The nursery serves as the link between the two phases of culture as this involves growing of juvenile crabs produced in the hatchery to sizes that are suitable for stocking in the ponds.
Nursery rearing involves the use of net cages installed in ponds as holding system for ease in harvest and retrieval of crabs. In the first nursery phase, 0.3-0.5 cm carapace width (CW) juvenile crabs are reared to 1.5-2.0 cm CW for 3-4 weeks and stocks are harvested for selling or are grown further in a second nursery phase in which crabs reach 2.5-3.0 cm after another 3-4 weeks. This paper includes a review of techniques initially developed for the nursery and more recent refinements which involve the use of higher crab instar densities, provision of suitable shelters, trimming of claws and sorting. In addition, production results in farms of collaborators are presented to highlight the efficiency of dissemination and also discusses the challenges faced by the potential nursery industry.
Resiliency of small-holder fishfarmers to climate change and market prices in selected communities in the Philippines
RF Agbayani, DB Baticados, ET Quinitio & DH Tormon-West - In MG Bondad-Reantaso & RP Subasinghe (Eds.), Enhancing the contribution of small-scale aquaculture to food security, poverty alleviation and socioeconomic development, 2013 - FAO
Series: FAO fisheries and aquaculture proceedings; 31
A rapid assessment of the resiliency of small-holder fishfarmers in selected communities in the Philippines was conducted to gather the fishfarmers' observations and insights about climate change and market prices, and the impacts of climate change on their environment, livelihood and life, in general, and to learn measures they have adopted to cope with adverse situations. The study sites were communities that were undertaking aquaculture livelihood, with technical support from the Aquaculture Department of the Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Centre or SEAFDEC/AQD and logistical assistance from their local governments and international and private donors. The climate change phenomena observed in the study sites were flash floods, sea level rises, increases in temperature, stronger waves, and longer dry season (drought). The major ecological impacts were mortality of marine flora and fauna, destruction of aquaculture facilities (cages and ponds), disruption of aquaculture protocol, and frequent occurrence of fish diseases. As a result, fishfarmers suffered substantial financial losses that forced them to either borrow more money (most are already heavily indebted), or stop operation until financial support is available. To help each other survive common hardships, the fishfarmers resorted to the Philippine traditional "bayanihan" system or collective action for their common good.
Rapid assessment studies can only provide initial insights on the situation in the community. A more comprehensive and integrated methodology to include various dimensions (human, ecological, economic, technological and institutional) is recommended in future studies on climate change.
Soft-shell crab production using hatchery-reared mud crab
EJ Tobias-Quinitio, GXS Libunao, FD Parado-Estepa & AT Calpe - 2015 - Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center; Philippine Council for Agriculture, Aquatic and Natural Resources Research and Development (PCAARRD)
Series: Aquaculture extension manual; No. 61
"The production of soft-shell crabs is well established in other Asian countries but its sustainability is already being threatened due to the decreasing mud crab population in the wild where the seedstocks are sourced. In the Philippines, production of soft-shell crabs has only been practiced recently due to lack of seedstock and technology. Sourcing of crablets from the natural environment is not encouraged due to dwindling populations of all sizes of mud crabs. Instead, it is recommended that crablets for soft-shell crab production come from hatcheries. The project on soft-shell mud crab production at SEAFDEC/AQD started in 2012 and was later funded by the Philippine Council for Agriculture, Aquatic and Natural Resources Research and Development of the Department of Science and Technology. The project is adopting the individual crab culture sytem of Thailand and Myanmar in pilot-scale and uses hatchery-reared crablets grown to 60-100 g in earthen ponds and stocked in trays. The pilotscale soft-shell production set-up is showcased at the Dumangas Brackishwater Station of SEAFDEC/AQD using crab boxes available in the country. Various sectors are interested to learn how soft-shell crabs are produced. Hence, the previous manual on Soft-shell Mud Crab Farming by Emilia T. Quinitio and May Myat Noe Lwin published in 2009 was revised to include the recent refinements using hatchery-reared crabs and locally available materials. This manual includes sections on the biology of mud crab, how to set-up the facility, management of soft-shell crab production and the cost and return analysis. We hope that various sectors will benefit from this revised manual" -- Foreword
Updates on the larviculture of mud crab at SEAFDEC/AQD
ET Quinitio, JJDC Huervana, JC Virgula & FD Parado-Estepa - In ET Quinitio, FD Parado-Estepa & RM Coloso (Eds.), Philippines : In the forefront of the mud crab industry development : proceedings of the 1st National Mud Crab Congress, 16-18 November 2015, Iloilo City, Philippines, 2017 - Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center
Although the mud crab (Scylla serrata) hatchery technology has been developed, issues such as high cost of production due to the need for additional facilities and labor for natural food culture, inconsistent survival rate at megalopa stage due to Molt Death Syndrome (MDS), and disease due to luminescent bacteria (Vibrio spp.), remain to be addressed. Refinements on the existing mud crab larviculture technology were done to address these problems.
Poor nutrition, low water temperature and application of prophylaxis during the zoea l stage have been identified as possible causes of MDS. Six shrimp formulated diets (FD) were tested, and 3 of these proved to be suitable for mud crab larvicuture. Larval performance was compared using the 3 diets + natural food (NF, rotifers and Artemia) and NF alone as control. No significant difference was noted in the survival among the 4 treatments, although BP Nippai fed larvae had higher values. Lesser occurrence of MDS was observed in all the larvae fed FD+NF. Three mud crab larval diets with various attractants (squid, annelids, and squid + annelids) were also formulated and fed to the larvae. Results showed no significant difference among the 3 diets. The results of another experiment investigating the effects of the reduction of natural food showed that larvae fed 50% NF + 50% FD and 75%NF + 25% FD had higher survival compared to those fed 75% AD +25% NF and no NF at all. The results indicate that the larvae cannot survive with formulated diet alone. It has been observed that frequency of antibiotic application can be reduced to every 5 days if good quality mud crab larvae are used. Formalin stress test proved to be a reliable method to determine the quality of a batch of newly hatched zoeae. All prophylactic treatments are stopped when megalopae reach the benthic stage.
To accelerate the dissemination of science-based mud crab hatchery technology to industry stakeholders, SEAFDEC/AQD entered into an agreement with private hatchery operators, State Universities and Colleges, and Local Government Units on giving assistance during initial hatchery operations. Technicians were given free training, followed by in-situ hatchery operations with assistance from SEAFDEC/AQD with the funding from PCAARRD-DOST. Crablets are now being produced by the collaborators. Increase in the production of hatchery-reared crablets will eventually reduce the dependence on wild-sourced mud crab seed stock for farming.
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A teenager who sold sex before she was old enough to drive says underage Halifax girls are moved between cities to sell their bodies, and some are lured by the prospect of making tens of thousands of dollars in a month.
"You go and you post an ad online or somebody posts the ad for you … Then you sell your ass to a bunch of people," said Amanda. Her real name and age are being withheld to protect her identity.
"If you're working for somebody, you give them the money and then if you're not, you keep it for yourself."
A CBC News investigation reveals underage prostitution in the Halifax area is growing, and police are seeing more girls — some as young as 13 — being exploited.
Amanda's mother, Karen, was featured in a CBC story earlier this week about her quest to stop underage prostitution online after discovering her daughter's involvement in it.
Karen has monitored the online classified sites selling sex in Halifax and calls police when she discovers someone she believes is a child prostitute. More teens will be sucked into prostitution, she warns, unless police and other agencies step up.
"We have a huge problem in this city and it can affect anyone with a teenage son or daughter," she said.
"Nobody is immune to this. Nobody. If they want your child, they're coming and getting your child and you have to fight them. That's what's been going on in our lives."
Investigators say the internet is making it harder for officers to shut down the online sex trade.
"It's grown and I think it's been facilitated by different factors," said Det. Andrew Matthews, head of the vice unit with members of the RCMP and Halifax Regional Police.
"I think you have to look at the ease of access with the internet, with social networking. The anonymity that comes with the internet.
"It is on our radar. We are aware of it and there are currently investigations into some different files right now, but we're aware of it. It's present."
Amanda said the issue isn't isolated to Halifax — she has seen underage girls go to Truro, Antigonish, Digby, Moncton and Fredericton, as well as larger cities such as Toronto and Montreal.
'The tip of the iceberg'
At $240 an hour for intercourse, Amanda said she knows young teens who will see multiple johns a day and generate tens of thousands of dollars in a month. Travelling to another city means more money and usually it's arranged by a pimp, she said.
"Girls don't usually set up for themselves to fly or drive to Moncton and sell their bodies, so it would definitely be something that was set up for them," Amanda told CBC News.
"They could go to classy hotels. They could go to motels, houses, apartments. Some of these people could have families that are home. People are weird."
The Nova Scotia and New Brunswick governments have taken some steps to improve online safety for teens and raise awareness about human trafficking.
A CBC News investigation reveals the problem of underage prostitution is growing, and police are seeing more girls — some as young as 13 — being exploited. (CBC)
In Nova Scotia, the Department of Justice points to its CyberSCAN investigative unit, which was created to address cyberbullying. In an email to CBC News, a spokesperson for the department said the CyberSCAN unit "also addresses complaints and works with police in cases where a young person may be being exploited online."
In New Brunswick, the Women's Equality Branch has a human trafficking working group that brings together community members, service providers, police and the government to raise awareness about human trafficking in the province.
David Matas, the North American representative of the non-governmental organization End Child Prostitution and Trafficking (ECPAT), said awareness is good, but more needs to be done.
"This is happening through the internet and there should be controls through the internet about this. Who are the internet service providers? Who is hosting the websites?" he said.
"I guess you can be satisfied that the johns are not going to be civically, responsible but the websites should be."
Getting details on websites is one of the biggest stumbling blocks faced by police.
"Anything that has to do with an American company, which a lot of them are, we have to go out of the country, and there's a lot of paperwork and there's a lot of time delays involved in that," said Matthews.
"That's one thing we have to look at as a society. How do we make that happen faster? We have to be able to speed that up a bit."
'Girls get beat up'
Police in Fredericton, meanwhile, said while they have seen isolated cases of underage prostitution, they don't have a handle on the scope of the problem in their jurisdiction.
"I think we just have a grasp on the tip of the iceberg," said Insp. Gary Forward of Fredericton police.
There have been some successes.
Last year, Halifax Regional Police and RCMP ran a joint sting operation, posing as a 16-year-old girl selling sex online. An undercover officer exchanged hundreds of emails with adult men and five of them went so far as to show up at a motel or hotel to meet her, only to be confronted by officers.
Three have since pleaded guilty to child luring. The other two are fighting the charge in court. A decision in one of those cases is expected on Wednesday.
Fear and violence are used to control girls selling sex, said Amanda.
"If you f— up, you're done for. It depends on who you're dealing with," she said.
"Girls get beat up. Other girls that fear for their lives, they think that if they tell or if they leave, that their families are going to be murdered."
Curled from CBC.
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Get connected to your desired/target Audiences/Customers/Clients today at little or no cost! For inquiries Call/SMS: 08033466543, 08111110077 or email: info@metrolensonline.com, metrolensonline@gmail.com
Patoranking – Abule (Official Video)
Metrolens
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©2013, All rights reserved by MetroLens Online Magazine

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
module Formtastic
  module Inputs
    class JqueryDatePickerInput < StringInput
      include Base::JqueryDriven

    private

      def inputs_html
        template.text_field_tag expand_name("date"), object.send(method).try(:strftime, "%d-%m-%Y"), input_html_options
      end

      def expand_name(name)
        "#{object_name}[#{method}][#{name}]"
      end

      def script_html
        (
        <<-HTML
          <script>
            $('##{dom_id}').datetimepicker({
              timepicker: false,
              format: 'd-m-Y',
              step: 15
            }).addClass('datepicker');
          </script>
        HTML
        ).html_safe
      end

    end
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The Apeks Chronograph Watch is a smart and precise wrist watch which is water resistant to 100 metres and has a stainless steel case with a rotating, one way bezel. This chrono watch measures hours, minutes and seconds and includes a date display. Seiko movement ensures it is accurate and great for diving but also looks great worn casually.
Please be aware that Apeks supply this watch in a bubble wrap pack without a display box.
On the underside of all Apeks Dive Watches will be a Warning to Lock the Crown to avoid risk of flooding. The Chrono Watch does not have or need a locking mechanism, pushing the crown into the body fully is efffective enough to seal the internal mechanism.
Wexford D. Reviewed by Wexford D.


text:
11 Celebrities Who Used to Be Attractive
The celebrities that you are about to see used to be extremely attractive. Their look was the thing that made them famous. These huge celebrities were once seen as bombshells, but these days they should be glad that people remember them for their old looks alone.
Over the years, these smoking hot stars have transformed and most of them don't even look like themselves. They don't look good on the screen which means that they're not marketable anymore and that's why they're not as famous as they used to be.
1. Rob Kardashian Used to Look like a Model
Photo: fortunaplus.ge
The only male in the Kardashian family, Robert used to be publically seen as an attractive model until he started struggling with weight problems.
After his breakup with Rita Ora, Rob changed his figure and gained a lot of weight, barely resembling the young model that he used to be.


Pakistan Navy's Civilian Jobs 2017 (Batch A-2018) are open for aspiring individuals (online registration has been started) for which male and female are invited to participate in recruitment process. Individuals who will meet the required criteria will be adjusted either under "Naval Headquarters Islamabad (Higher Formation) or Lower Formation PNCA. There are various technical and non-technical vacancies that got advertised under different post titles (Data Entry Operator, Assistant, Clerk, Driver, Police Constable, Lady Police Constable, Receptionist and others) for which the minimal qualification required stands as Matriculation with science and for some positions with Arts subjects. There are specified number of posts against each designation and allocation will be purely based on merit or on quota fixed for Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Gilgit Baltistan. Medically unfit, morally convicted, individuals expelled from Government jobs and those committing or have committed forgery (production of fake documents) are not eligible to apply under this induction. Join Pakistan Navy Civilian Jobs September 2017 Online Registration and latest advertisement is published under daily Express Newspaper on Sunday 10-09-2017. www.joinpaknavy.gov.pk.
Other pertinent details like, posts title, recruitment schedule (test date and result), selection procedure and last date to apply etc can be checked below.
Naib Qasid, Crane Driver, MT Driver and Lasker.
Selection procedure will be comprising following steps.
Registered candidates will be appearing for written test (English, Pak-Studies, GK and Professional test) on 3rd of October, 2017.
Civil Apprenticeship result will be announced on 15th, while results for other trades/branches will be announced on 25th of October, 2017.
Successful candidates will then appear for medical and personality tests.
And Final selection by Naval Headquarters on the overall performance of the candidate.
Apply by sending a complete online form with bio-data and academic information within the deadline specified. Print/Download the successful registration slip on submission of the proforma.
>>>> Online Registration & Further Details.
Note: For the post of Naib Qasid and Sanitary Worker, online applications will not be entertained. Send a written application on plain paper and send it to the address below.
OFFICER INCHARGE PAK-NAVY RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION CENTRE HOUSE NO. 102, STREET NO. 1, FAZAL TOWN AIRPORT ROAD RAWALPINDI.
24th of September, 2017 is the official deadline to apply for the post desired.


Discussion in 'Sold/Expired' started by smokinfeathers, Nov 28, 2012.
Low rd count sendero stainless fluted barrel with stainless mag bolt with tac knob. $300 or trade for scope of equal value.
I am interested, can you post some pics, it sounds too good to be true!


text:
penn state Medical Care News & Events Abuse Psychotropic Legislature Representation dc Foster Care Sex abuse Legal Education Issues Sexual Abuse Florida News damages resources Fundraising & Support Adoption Records Medicaid Rights of Foster Children Foster Parent Child Abuse DCF guardian ad litem Personal Injury Custody youth services Funding Protection
« It's Time to Create a Florida Statewide Office of the Children's Advocate
Florida DCF Making Strides In Foster Care Issues »
Five Florida Agencies Unite to Improve Educational Opportunities for Foster Youth
August 12th, 2009 No Comments Education Issues, Foster Care
The heads of five Florida state agencies formally agreed today to work together to ensure that children in state care — including foster children — receive an appropriate, high-quality and stable education.
Signing the Interagency Agreement to Coordinate Services for Children Served by the Florida Child Welfare System were the heads of the Department of Children and Families (DCF), the Department of Education (DOE), the Department of Juvenile Justice (DJJ), the Agency for Persons with Disabilities (APD), and the Agency for Workforce Innovation (AWI).
Click here to see the Guide to Improve Educational Opportunities for Florida's Foster Youth.
Signers say that the agreement will go a long way toward ensuring that foster children receive the coordinated services and the stability they need to succeed in school and beyond.
"A major predictor of educational success is educational stability, but when children are placed in the care of the state, they frequently are forced to attend a new school, and this can have a devastating effect emotionally and academically," said DCF Secretary George Sheldon at a joint press conference in Tallahassee. "It is our moral responsibility to ensure that these young people – starting in pre-school and continuing on – are given opportunities that will allow them to graduate with their peers and to successfully pursue post-graduate studies or fulfilling careers."
The agreement sets 11 basic goals, requires specific actions, and assigns responsibilities to each agency to better ensure that no child "falls through the cracks."
It covers, among other things, the sharing of information among agencies and collaboration on educational stabilization, dependency case planning, early identification of disabilities, independent living skills, post-secondary educational opportunities, and employment training and support services. The agreement also requires representatives to meet regularly to develop interagency strategies and initiatives that enhance the coordination and quality of services and to prepare a progress report every six months.
"The Agency for Workforce Innovation is committed to working closely with our partner agencies to help Florida's young people become successful adults," said AWI Director Cynthia R. Lorenzo. "This agreement will help connect young people who have faced significant challenges in their lives with meaningful employment opportunities, in keeping with our priorities of strengthening families and helping reinvigorate our economy."
APD Director Jim DeBeaugrine said his agency is excited to be a part of this ongoing collaboration to improve services to children in the care of the state. "All of the agencies have a responsibility to do all we can to improve the lives of the state's children," he said. "I look forward to moving this agreement into action."
DJJ Secretary Frank Peterman Jr. said that his agency has had an annual memorandum of agreement with the DOE since 2002. "We've done this to ensure that the youth in our care are provided with strong educational opportunities," he said. "I believe this additional agreement furthers this commitment especially to the approximately 300 youth dually served by DJJ and DCF."
Florida Commissioner of Education Dr. Eric J. Smith said, "Every child, regardless of their individual circumstances, deserves a high-quality education capable of propelling them to future success. Through increased collaboration and partnership, I am optimistic that our efforts will help achieve this extremely important goal."
The Interagency Agreement to Coordinate Services for Children Served by the Florida Welfare System. Click here for detailed information about goals, actions and agency responsibilities. To learn about additional information on education and workforce services available to teens and young adults, click here.


Had the ride packed up 'til we heard "freeze"
"What's your date of birth?", "What's your real name?"
"You're just makin' this harder on yourself, son"
"Have you ever been arrested before?"
Share your thoughts on "Drama" by Ice‐T.


text:
Q: angular multiple ng-repeat multiple filters I have an multiple ng-repeat list with multiple filters.
I use (ex:A.value) if (ex:B.value) , but I want to with multiple filters.
I want to multiple filters recommend_search and skill_search and language_search ,
then Search results is want to change the whole (html div class="panel")
now recommend_search filters is ok, but skill_search and language_search filters is only span range(html span id="language" and span id="skill")
How can I do multiple filters search results to change the whole(html div class="panel")?
angular.js
$scope.recommend=[];
  $http.get('/recommend/ajax').success(function (data, status) {
     $scope.recommend = data;
  });

html

          <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="recommend search" ng-model="recommend_search.name">

          <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="skill search" ng-model="skill_search.skill_name">

          <input type="text" class="form-control"  placeholder="language search" ng-model="language_search.languagelv_name">

                    @{{ value.family_name}}@{{value.surname}}
                    ♂
                    ♀

                @{{value.name}}

                skill

                              @{{skill.skill_name}}、

                language

                              @{{language.languagelv_name}}、

                country@{{ value.country }}

A: You may chain filters.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


In this paper, we have demonstrated UV photodetector based on SnO2 nanowire (NW) arrays fabricated using a catalytic free and controlled growth process called glancing angle deposition technique. The fabricated SnO2 NWs were amorphous in nature with highly periodic and perpendicularly oriented structures of length ~ 160 ± 5 nm with ~ 60 ± 5 nm average diameter. The reported Au/SnO2 NW/n-Si device showed a good rectifying behavior with a rectification ratio of ~ 6 due to the formation of high-quality Schottky contact at the Au/SnO2 NW interface. The Au/SnO2 NW/n-Si device exhibited a high responsivity (0.142 A/W) and external quantum efficiency (56.8%) at − 2 V applied bias as compared to the Au/SnO2 thin-film (TF)/n-Si device. Moreover, the Au/SnO2 NW/n-Si device attained a high detectivity of 10.8 × 1010 Jones and noise equivalent power as low as 38.8 × 10−12 W. The high surface to volume ratio and the enormous amount of photogenerated carriers in case of SnO2 NW arrays made the Au/SnO2 NW/n-Si device to exhibit high photosensitivity. Furthermore, on UV illumination, the Au/SnO2 NW/n-Si detector showed fast device response with a rise time of 0.18 s and a fall time of 0.25 s. The current conduction mechanism in case of Au/SnO2 NW/n-Si device is explained with respect to device band diagram.
The authors are thankful to NPCRE LAB, IIT Bombay for FE-SEM along with EDX facility and SAIF, NEHU for TEM analysis. The authors are also thankful to Dr. Debarun Dhar Purkayastha, Department of Physics, NIT Nagaland for providing absorption measurement facility and NIT Nagaland for financial support.


Welcome to GovernmentAuction.com Terms and Conditions. Good Luck Bidding on all of our great Assets and Investments.
GovernmentAuction utilizes Retail Replacement Value Appraisals, which are the most common. These types of evaluations are written for insurance needs. This would be the cost to replace the jewelry, with an item of equal quality and kind, considered to be the current market price or the replacement value. This type of appraisal is done to protect you in the event of damage or loss of a valuable item. Our appraisals are conducted by and independent 3rd Party appraisal firm that utilizes Certified GIA Gemologist, if more information is needed you are welcome to contact them directly: American International Gemologists info@AIGLABS.com or Westfield Jewelry Appraisers info@westfieldjewelryappraisers.com . Appraisals should be used for verification of gemstone and/or metal weight, size, and grade only, not actual value. Appraisal value should be considered for insurance purposes only, not actual value, as price varies greatly from retail locations throughout the world. Items should not be purchased with the expectation to resell for appraisal price or for profit.
All goods must be paid within 3 working days from close of auction. All winning bidders will be notified via email of their total payment amount and will be supplied a PayPal link to use for credit card payments. We accept all major credit cards through PayPal, cashier's checks, money orders, and bank wires for payment of your total amount due.
Shipping Jewelry Sales: $19.95 per item. Prints, Lithographs, and Original Signed Book Photos Sales: $24.95 per item. Framed Art Sales: $29.95 per item. Coin Sales: $9.95 per item. Record Sales: $24.95 per item. Bronze Sales: $24.95 per item. Collectible Item Sales: $24.95 per item. Antiques and Large Item Sales: See Item Description, some items may include special shipping amounts. The shipping amount details for these items can be found in the Item Description Section. Upon request, we are happy to provide combined shipping for like items, excluding coins, for all US Shipping Addresses. The Discount for combined items is $10 per-item (Excluding Coins) In most cases there will be one shipping charge for coins. Some Items are classified as Pick Up only, as noted in the Item Description Section. Please call our Customer Service Department to make arrangements for pick up of these items.
For all items there is a 15% Buyer's Premium.
GovernmentAuction does its best to describe all items accurately. All items are sold "as is" and neither GovernmentAuction nor any consignor makes any warranties or representation of any kind or nature with respect to the property and in no event shall they be responsible for the correctness, nor deemed to have made any representation or warranty of description, genuineness, authorship, attribution, provenance, period, culture, source, origin or condition of the item and no statement made at the sale or in the bill of sale or invoice or elsewhere shall be deemed such a warranty of representation or an assumption of liability.
Please do not bid if you cannot pay for the items. Good Luck Bidding.


text:
Home » Tech » Samsung's New Galaxy S10 Smartphone Includes Crypto Storage
Samsung's New Galaxy S10 Smartphone Includes Crypto Storage
February 20, 2019	70 Views
The Galaxy S10, the latest smartphone released by leading cell phone maker, Samsung, will include storage for private cryptocurrency keys. This news comes from a press release sent out by Samsung earlier today.
Samsung announced the launch of the Galaxy S10 in Seoul, London, and San Francisco today. The phone will come complete with its Samsung Knox function, which keeps personal and corporate data safe without the need for third party IT protection. The press release reads:
"Galaxy S10 is built with defense-grade Samsung Knox, as well as a secure storage backed by hardware, which houses your private keys for blockchain-enabled mobile services."
Rumors swirled before the phone's release about the phone's possible schematics and how it might support crypto wallets as well as DApps. In January, leaked images portraying the Galaxy Keystore on the S10 circulated on the internet. The pictures show an Ethereum wallet option in a list entitled "supported cryptocurrencies." However, that wallet was not alluded to in the press release today.
Other major companies have begun integrating crypto and blockchain technologies into their smartphones. Last may, Taiwanese consumer electronics company HTC revealed the "first native blockchain phone," the HTC Exodus 1, which will support for multiple blockchains, including Bitcoin and Ethereum; Brave will be the phone's default browser. The Exodus 1 could only be purchased using Bitcoin or Ethereum, and cost about $950.
Last December, after one of the hottest ICO's of 2017, Sirin Labs released Finney, which they called the "world's first" blockchain smartphone. Like the Galaxy S10 and the Exodus 1, it comes with embedded cold storage that is separated from the phone's main hardware. It's operating system, Sirin OS, is a "Google-certified" mod of the Android OS. It also allows users to exchange crypto (BTC, ETH, and Sirin Labs Token) without having to go through a centralized exchange.


text:
Katerina (Original Mix)
Got Me Up (Chillhomers Remix)
Good Time Tonight (Original Mix)
Disco (Original Mix)
Beatport exclusive: 12/07/2019
Full release: 26/07/2019
Since Aphrodite's cult LP in 1999, right through to the 'High Society' album from High Contrast in 2004, Andrei Knyrik has poured over the chronicles of drum & bass since he first discovered his love for the genre. Known through his stage name Chillhomers, his love for jungle and drum & bass soon resulted in him releasing his own strain of releases, with his early influencers helping to define his style. Committing himself to the realms of Liquid Funk, he merges an array of talents to deliver a signature which has been lauded by many tastemakers globally.
Carved over four months, his forthcoming EP on Live History Records titled 'Katerina' demonstrates his ability to crossover drum & bass into the mainstream. Consisting of three brand new, standalone tracks and a rework of Gregory Doveman's 'Got Me Up', it's a release which has already received attention from tastemakers and on first listen it's easy to see why.
The story of the release is a sentimental one; during its process, Andrei met Katrina, who inspired him to make the remaining three tracks, meaning the title-track was entirely devoted to her. On listening to its tinkling piano notes, flowing melodies and pitching synthesis, it's easy to feel the emotion behind the record. The remix of 'Got Me Up' comes next, with Chillhomers taking on the original through his own lens. Taken from the participant of 'The Voice' in Russia, Gregory Doveman, the cut has already gained international attention. Whilst the vocal of Gregory is processed through the commercial style, it still funnels a dancing energy and sets the tone for the remaining tracks.
'Disco' comes next and it thrives with jazzy instrumentals and drum programming, taking you deep into its heart through jaunty hooks with an old-school feel. Then finally, you're introduced to 'Good Time Tonight', which allows you to leave the package on a high note, one underpinned by a toe tapping bassline and rolling drum sequences, the type which move you through right to the record's heart. It finishes a collection which may be your first insight into Chillhomers, although it certainly won't be the last, especially for those who like their drum & bass of the highest quality.
Reesotto – Yo
VA -Voidout pt.2
Xorgen – Memories
OneD – CDM


A fix has been implemented, and we are monitoring the results carefully for the next hour.
Next update in 1 hour.
If you have any questions or if there is anything else, please reach out to our support team at support@robinhq.com or +31 85 877 00 23.
We are currently investigating an issue where users are experiencing a degraded performance of ROBIN.
Next update in 30 minutes.
We are actively investigating this issue now and will post updates as soon as they become available. If you have any questions or if there is anything else, please reach out to our support team at support@robinhq.com or +31 85 877 00 23.


Three-quarters of UK small businesses have not set aside any budget to deal with the aftermath of a cyber attack and even those that have underestimate the potential costs.
A new report by PolicyBee, The Business of Cyber Recovery, reveals that most small businesses in the UK are not prepared for the financial costs of dealing with a cyber attack. The average cost, it says, is £26,000 per small business.
Of 500 small businesses polled, just 19% have put aside budget to deal with the repercussions of a cyber attack. Of those that have ring-fenced some funds, many are too IT-focused and have not considered the impact on other areas of their business, according to the report.
The cost of extortion or being held to ransom.
Sarah Adams, cyber insurance expert, who commissioned the study for PolicyBee, said: "SMEs really need to get past this mental barrier that cyber attacks can be fixed in the server room - they can't. It takes a whole business to plan ahead, practise for and react to a cyber issue, if you want to come through it unscathed.
"Cyber attacks are not just an IT problem as they could impact sales, customer relations, reputation and a business's bottom line - especially if there are legal ramifications or regulator fines."
The survey also shows that in the event of a cyber attack, a third of SMEs believe they'll be able to pass the associated costs on to their third-party IT support provider.
"It is almost impossible to entirely defend a business against a tenacious cyber attack, and most IT experts will have wording to that effect built into their contracts," said Adams. "And in the event of an attack, most SMEs will be focused on getting their business back on its feet - their priority will certainly not be suing their IT firm."


text:
Salem-News.com Roseburg articles
| Next Page
Salem-News.com (Feb-14-2014 11:05)
TBI/PTSD Survey Logs More Than 1,600 Participants
The American Legion's online survey runs through the month of February
(WASHINGTON, DC) -	 An American Legion team of experts held a town hall meeting in Roseburg, Ore. this week for veterans to discuss the quality of VA health care they are receiving.
The Legion team also made a site visit to the city's VA medical center, interviewing key administrators and medical staff for a report to be issued later this year.
Feds Take Aim at Decorated Combat Veteran`s Gun Rights
Like other Combat Vets, Pat Kirby has PTSD. The VA says he has to turn in his guns or face prison. This is not a misprint.
(MYRTLE CREEK, OR) -	 Pat Kirby answered his country's call to arms during the Vietnam War, serving multiple tours, suffering injuries, watching friends die.
The VA says that because his wife takes care of their family finances, he is deemed "incompetent" and for this reason, he has to turn in his guns...
Salem-News.com (Aug-24-2011 19:45)
Two Arrested Following Attempt to Elude in Stolen Vehicle East of Roseburg
(ROSEBURG, Ore.) -	 Two suspects were arrested Monday evening after stealing a car in Roseburg and attempting to elude Douglas County Sheriff's Office (DCSO) and Oregon State Police (OSP). The suspects' fleeing attempt ended after driving into an open barn in the Dixonville area where they were arrested.
Salem-News.com (Nov-19-2010 17:39)
OSP Traffic Stop Leads to Nearly 23 Lbs. of Marijuana, Arrest of Seattle Man - Interstate 5 South of Roseburg
(ROSEBURG, Ore.) -	 An Oregon State Police (OSP) trooper's traffic stop Friday morning south of Roseburg led to the arrest of a Seattle, Washington man after the trooper found nearly 23 pounds of marijuana inside the vehicle. The OSP Drug Enforcement Section is continuing the investigation.
Oregon State Wrestling Inks Two To NLIs For 2011-12 Season
Salem-News.com Sports
(Corvallis, Oregon) -	 Oregon State wrestling head coach Jim Zalesky announced Monday that Roseburg High School student-athletes Seth Thomas and Drew Van Anrooy have signed National Letters Of Intent to join the Beavers for the 2011-12 season.
Oregon Air National Guard to Take Part in Veterans Day Flyovers Around the State
(SALEM, Oregon) -	 The Oregon Air National Guard will conduct Veterans Day flyovers for various ceremonies at locations throughout Oregon and Southwest Washington.
F-15 Eagle fighter jets from the 142nd Fighter Wing in Portland and the 173rd Fighter Wing at Kingsley Field are scheduled to conduct flyovers at the following locations and approximate times:
All passes will be approximately 1,000 feet above ground level and 350 knots airspeed. Flights could be cancelled or times changed due to inclement weather or operational contingencies.
Salem-News.com (Oct-07-2010 20:24)
Oregon Recognizes Eight Projects for Excellence in Downtown Revitalization
(SALEM, Ore.) -	 Oregon Main Street announced its 2010 "Excellence in Downtown Revitalization" award winners today at the annual Oregon Main Street Conference in Albany, Oregon. First Lady Mary Oberst and Gary Van Huffel, Business Development Manager, Business Oregon were co-presenters of the awards.
Salem-News.com (Sep-06-2010 19:12)
Police Investigate Death on Interstate 5 North of Yoncalla
Police release the name of the deceased; 26-year old Jesse Golden was from Eugene.
(ROSEBURG, Ore.) -	 Oregon State Police (OSP) troopers and the Douglas County Medical Examiner are continuing the investigation into the death of 26-year old Jesse Golden of Eugene, found deceased on the northbound shoulder of Interstate 5 about two miles north of Yoncalla underneath the Cox Road overpass.
There is no evidence at this time that Mr. Golden was struck by another vehicle, but his death may be associated with a fall or jump from the Cox Road overpass.
Salem-News.com (Jul-19-2010 17:58)
One Dies in Crash Near Roseburg
One person died and several were injured..
(ROSEBURG, Ore.) -	 Oregon State Police (OSP) troopers from the Roseburg Area Command office are continuing the investigation into Monday morning's fatal traffic crash just west of Winston that resulted in the death of one person and serious injuries to two others.
The names of the two people from Riddle in the vehicle occupied by the victim are being released.
Person Dies During Chase in Head On Crash With Roseburg Police Car
Driver Dies After Crashing into Roseburg Police Car While Attempting to Elude Officers.
(ROSEBURG, Ore.) -	 Oregon State Police troopers are investigating a fatal crash Sunday night that happened when the driver of a vehicle attempting to elude a Roseburg police officer lost control and crashed head-on with a second Roseburg police officer.
| Next Page View more categories


text:
When History Gets Personal
The Development of the story Putting Down New Roots
-- reprinted from Storytelling World Magazine
It started out as a story about gardening.
A local church was planning a benefit concert to raise money for a move to a new location. The organizers invited me to tell a story to lead off the evening's entertainment, and needed a title for my part of the program. Though I wasn't sure yet what story I would tell, I suggested "Putting Down New Roots." That seemed like an appropriate theme, and I was confident that I had some stories about growing, transplanting, and flourishing that would fit the occasion.
Soon after submitting that title, I logged onto my laptop, went to my database of story fragments and ideas-to-be-worked-out-later, and found my file called "Gardening Bits." Just as I was about to click it open, I noticed another file, two entries up, called "Ellis Island." I'm not sure why, but I clicked on that file instead, and found three pages I'd written when I came back from a trip to New York City in late December 1999.
The words told of my search for the spirit of my grandfather - my mother's father - who came to Ellis Island in 1912 as a seventeen-year-old boy. There were also tidbits of stories I'd heard from my mother about her Depression-era childhood in Reading, Pennsylvania - stories about the grocery store that her family ran during the 1930s, about a younger brother who died of diphtheria, about characters like crazy Mrs. Pawnicki and superstitious Mrs. Mahoska who lived in their "United Nations" neighborhood on Canal Street - stories about the ingenious ways people survived in a hoped-for, but sometimes harsh new world.
After reading that file, I had a new idea for my story for the church fundraiser. It would still be about putting down new roots, but it would be about people, not plants, being transplanted into strange soil and creating a life with the help of family and friends.
I called my mother that afternoon and asked her to tell me more about the Canal Street store. An hour and a half later, I had four pages on a yellow legal pad full of odd names and anecdotes, and over the next few weeks, we talked often to fill in the blanks in the stories.
The date arrived for the church's event, and I told a version - the first version - of the story. But my mother wasn't finished remembering. She loved being reminded of the people and places of her life, and enjoyed finding out what she couldn't recall. She asked a 92-year-old neighbor about the gambling rackets that thrived in Reading in the '30s. A reference librarian helped her locate books about the local bootleggers and breweries that flourished during Prohibition. She interviewed the women at her Senior Center about the games they played as kids. ("We'd hold the skinniest kid by the ankles and lower him down the storm sewer to retrieve the ball that got away from the kid playing the fire hydrant that was second base.") And ten months after that first "Canal Street" phone conversation, the "transplanting" story is still growing.
I'm lucky. My mother is only as far away as a telephone call. Her memory is sharp, but forgiving, too, so that talking about old times and telling the old stories doesn't leave her regretful or sad. She is a walking, talking reference library of a particular moment of history and what it was like to live in that moment of history. There are other walking, talking libraries from my life - relatives, neighbors, teachers - who have gone silent, whom I can no longer call and say, tell me what it was like when you worked in the cotton mill, tell me how you made those cinnamon pastries you used to give us neighborhood kids, tell me what it was like to teach a first-grade classroom with 52 children in it. Those libraries are gone, and now I wish I'd been more curious, more willing to ask and listen for the history they contained.
I treasure the serendipity that turned my gardening story into a personal story that turned into a history story. It reminds me that history isn't just something that happened hundreds of years ago, or in faraway worlds, or to people only found in archives and libraries. Sometimes history gets personal, and just waits patiently for someone to ask about it.
The story Putting Down New Roots is included on the CD Once in a Blue Moon. Click here to purchase this CD through PayPal.


Select Custom Match, set it to 10 seconds, pick Mojo Jojo to play as and pick one AI as Buttercup (she doesn't have great projectiles). Hit her once then run away til time expires and repeat.
There are currently no gaming sessions for the Planet of the Ape achievements that you can join - why not register and make a new session?


"The more you give, the more you get."
Busy Signal is the newest addition to a growing list of Charitable Organisations Spearheaded by Jamaican Reggae and Dancehall Artistes. The prominent Dancehall artiste officially launched his Busy 202/20 Helping Hands Foundation Limited (Busy 20/20 HHFL), Thursday, April 2, 2015 at, The Jewel Dunn's River, Ocho Rios in the parish of St. Anns, Jamaica.
The Busy 20/20 HHFL primary focus is the St. Anns Bay Hospital. The foundations's first undertaking is to raise funds to purchase a X-Ray/CAT Scan equipment at an estimated $12 million. The announcements came recently in an article published in the Jamaica Observer confirming the decision by Busy Signal to undertake the venture, he said, "This is the hospital I was born in. The majority of people from St. Ann are farmers and they don't have the money fi go private hospital so mi haffi help inna my way and give back. Dem need the help."
Busy Signal join fellow artistes Shaggy, Cherine Anderson, Mr. Vegas, Konshens, Aidonia, Lady Saw, Richie Spice, Queen Ifrika and others who are seriously engaged in the development of future Jamaica. Known for hits such as Nah Go Jail Again and Watch Out for Dis, Busy Signal draw reference from current economic issues affecting Jamaican to show how one can make a difference, "Government a government. We haffi help inna our way. Nobody is excluded from sickness."
"Your profession is not what brings home your paycheck. Your profession is what you were put on Earth to do with such intensity that it becomes spiritual in calling."


text:
Dan News, Upcoming Projects ♦ February 22, 2018
KSM reports from the film market of the Berlinale a "first big catch". As the Wiesbaden Independent now announces, they have secured the cinema and home entertainment rights to Francis Annan's "Escape from Pretoria".
In the true-life adaptation of Tim Jenkins' Inside Out: Escape from Pretoria Central Prison, Daniel Radcliffe plays the anti-apartheid activist Jenkins, who has to serve in the maximum security prison in Pretoria. Together with his cellmate and friend Stephen Lee he forges outbreak plans, which are put into action in 1979. The two are supported by Denis Goldberg, who was also imprisoned from 1964 to 1986 in Pretoria Central Prison.
A theatrical release or the release date is not yet known.
Escape from Pretoria is the exciting adaptation of the true-life book "Inside Out: Escape from Pretoria Central Prison" by Tim Jenkins, played by Daniel Radcliffe.
Director: Francis Annan
Producers: David Barron, Mark Blaney, Jackie Sheppard
with Daniel Radcliffe, Sam Neill
Anti-apartheid activist Tim Jenkins (Daniel Radcliffe) was arrested in South Africa and is forced to live in the impoverished prison in Pretoria. He wants to escape together with his cellmate and friend Stephen Lee – and forges the first outbreak plans. In 1979, these are finally put into action and freedom is within reach. Denis Goldberg (Sam Neill) supports her project because he had to get to know the prison from 1964 to 1986.
Source: KSM
Beast of Burden I'm Sorry Clip
New clip from Access Online


text:
G3 Development
Madison Wisconsin LifeVantage Future Pro-10, Ry Fry, Introduces Joint Weekly Development Webinar with .RyFryGroup.com Advisor Adam Paul Green
Madison, WI -- (SBWIRE) -- 08/28/2018 -- With LifeVantage NRF1, You Take the Power Back! To stay active and energetic, the body needs power. By helping the body maintain mitochondrial production as it ages, Protandim NRF1 Synergizer is the spark plug ones daily health deserves—in a scientifically-engineered formula designed to deliver.
As people age, they start feeling more tired. What they're experiencing is a natural power drain that happens when the cells don't produce mitochondria like they used to. Mitochondria are the cellular batteries that power everything, ther heart, breathing, and all those ab crunches one may or may not be doing (no judgement here). Protandim NRF1 Synergizer is scientifically formulated to help cells boost mitochondrial production as one ages. It's designed to help people feel healthier and more energetic from the inside out. No more wasting money on supplements that don't work. That's real power. And it's just the start. http://g3development.lifevantage.com/products/protandim-nrf1/
THE MIGHTY MITOCHONDRIA - Unfortunately, humans still haven't discovered the fountain of youth. But they finally understand why one ages. Every day, the cells are damaged by free radicals from natural processes like breathing and from pollution in the environment and diet. This leads to oxidative stress and a break-down of ones health at a cellular level —one of the main contributing factors to the natural aging process. One of the most crucial keys to supporting the healthy aging process and restoring a youthful feeling to the body is living in your cells. They're called mitochondria.
http://www.lifevantage.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/US-Protandim-NRF1-FAQs-V.03.pdf
Mitochondria produce up to 95% of the energy the body uses. But those muscular, microscopic powerhouses break own as one ages It's a natural part of oxidative stress. But fewer mitochondria don't just mean less energy. Mitochondria also produce ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)—the source of cellular energy that pumps the heart, supports muscle growth and NRF1 maintains healthy brain function. http://www.lifevantage.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/US-EN-NRF1-Product-Info-Sheet-V.03.pdf
LifeVantage Side Hustle: Whether looking for some extra pocket money or a full-time gig, Life Vantage gives the platform and tools one will need to start their own business. It's time to scratch that entrepreneurial itch.
A Radical Change: Paying Their Customers. 8 years ago they made a bold choice — They pulled their successful products off the shelves. Being a part of big box stores felt like it was going against everything they stood for, so they chose then and there to stop lining their pockets and start paying their own customers. That sounds crazy, but they realized something. Their success was not due to fancy packaging or expensive marketing — it was because their customers loved their results and could not help but tell others about their experience. So, if their customers' success stories were fueling their own, why not pay them for it? http://g3development.lifevantage.com/opportunity/
LifeVantage turned their entire business model upside down, and never looked back. Reaching back to their pioneering scientist roots, they systematically analyzed what it takes to start and run a business. They removed roadblocks, retooled their strategy and hacked the business status quo for entrepreneurs. Build thier own business without the anxiety. They take the fear out of the unknown with a training and support system designed to help their people hit the ground running and build a successful business. From personal mentors and support groups to training events and 24/7 customer support, they will have all the help they need.
http://g3development.lifevantage.com/stories/
Stop trading time for money. Earn leveraged income. In a traditional model ones income is directly limited by the hours they work. When distributors sell LifeVantage products they earn leveraged income — they get paid every time their customer reorders. In other words, time spent developing a customer a few months back can still be filling their wallet today. Invest in oneself, not office space and computers. They give the tools one will need to manage their business all from your phone. Leaving time to do what matters - the stuff that earns money.
https://join.lifevantage.com/Enroll/us/Sponsor
Join a team that holds to a higher standard. One of LifeVantage's core values is integrity, which is why they always shoot each other straight. So in 2012, they chose to become publicly traded on the NASDAQ and make all their business dealings public record. If you're the kind of person that splits an Oreo and gives away the half with crème, you might be one of them.
LifeVantage Executives are exceptional and well known in the Health and Nutrition Industry.
Darren Jensen, Justin Rose, Chuck Wach and Dave Fleming.
DARREN JENSEN: PRESIDENT and CEO. With a diverse background and a passion for service, he takes a unique approach that combines human understanding, 3-dimensional insights, and a lot of hard work into pioneering a new science and a thriving company. After more than 26 years of experience, founding two extremely successful multi-level-marketing companies, and a long, successful track record of growth across the industry, Darren Jensen is delivering results, driving growth, and setting a standard of excellence. Darren does it all with a down-to-earth approach that puts people first. He received a B.A. in International Relations from Brigham Young University and was named one of Utah Business Magazine's 40 Under Forty honorees in 2009.
http://g3development.lifevantage.com/products/
"Leadership is not about a title or a designation. It's about impact, influence and inspiration. Impact involves getting results, influence is about spreading the passion you have for your work, and you have to inspire team-mates and customers." - Robin S. Sharma
JUSTIN ROSE: CHIEF SALES OFFICER. From sales development to field training and support, he's driven by helping distributors reach their potential—a philosophy that usually involves one-on-one support and spending time in the field creating the type of incentives and promotions that drive growth. Justin Rose made his debut at the young age of 12 in the Little League World Series. From the little league field to the sales field, Justin has carved a career building some of the most successful sales and marketing programs in the direct selling industry. In short, he's the exact leader sales teams want on their side. Justin received a B.A. in International Relations, Business Management from Brigham Young University. https://www.lifevantage.com/company/management-team/
CHUCK WACH: CHIEF OPERATIONAL OFFICER. Chuck's ability to maximize operations across a variety of supplement, direct selling, and online retail organizations is unparalleled. Most recently, he served as Vice President of Operations and Supply Chain for Bodybuilding.com, a global internet specialty retailer. Before that, he worked as the Director of Global Supply Chain for Nature's Sunshine Products, Inc. and fulfilled several operational roles for Nestle-Perrier Group of America, H.J. Heinz Co., and Frito Lay. Chuck received his Master of Business Administration degree from Utah State University and his Bachelor of Science degree in Finance from Brigham Young University. With more than 30 years of operations and leadership experience, he brings supply-chain expertise and extensive relationships with manufacturers and suppliers to LifeVantage where he's responsible for enhancing operations, expanding sourcing and making LifeVantage more efficient and valuable.
"A leader is one who knows the way, goes the way, and shows the way." - John C. Maxwell
DAVE FLEMING: SENIOR VP GLOBAL FIELD DEVELOPMENT. Dave Fleming has been turning heads and earning recognition in business for nearly 15 years. He has a strong background in sales and marketing and was identified early in his career for leadership positions, including national sales director, vice president of sales and marketing, and president. Dave's track record includes successful international market launches, successful corporate turnarounds, startup opportunities, and growing existing business to new record heights. With a degree in psychology and his MBA, Dave has a focused, but very personal perspective applied to business. He is fluent in Mandarin Chinese and having spent four of the last 15 years abroad in Asian markets, understands an international business perspective.
http://g3development.lifevantage.com/biohackers/
"I am not afraid of an army of lions led by a sheep; I am afraid of an army of sheep led by a lion." - Alexander the Great
About LifeVantage Corporation
LifeVantage Corporation is a pioneer in Nutrigenomics – a new science dedicated to biohacking the human aging code. Nutri-Genomics is the scientific study of the interaction of: (1) Nutrition and (2) Genes; especially with the prevention or treatment of diseases. http://investor.lifevantage.com/
LifeVantage engages in the identification, research, development and distribution of advanced nutraceutical dietary supplements and skin care products, including Protandim®, their line of scientifically-validated dietary supplements, TrueScience®, their line of Nrf2 infused skin care products, Petandim™ for Dogs, their companion pet supplement formulated to combat oxidative stress in dogs, Axio®, their Smart Energy Drink mixes, PhysIQ™, their Smart Weight Management System and Omega+, their 3-in-1 fish oil supplement.
https://g3development.lifevantage.com/products/protandim-nrf2/
LifeVantage was founded in 2003 and is headquartered in Salt Lake City, Utah. In 2009, LifeVantage switched their business model from retail to direct to consumers with Network Marketing. Network Marketing is the selling of goods where the distributor makes commissions. Bio-Hacking is the process of making changes to ones lifestyle … in order to 'hack' the body's biology and feel its very best. A 'Hack' is a 'quick solution' that solves a problem. https://vimeo.com/241179298
NRF2: Is a powerful protein that is latent within each cell in the body. It is unable to operate until it is released by an Nrf2 activator. Once released, it migrates into the cell nucleus and bonds to the DNA master regulator of the body's total antioxidant system. -Five Ingredients Activate Pathways: Ashwagandha, Bacopa, Green Tea, Milk Thistle, Tumeric. *
NRF1: Stimulates the production of proteins that are needed for cellular energy production and proteins involved in the making of new, healthy mitochondria. -Five Ingredients Activate Pathways: Acetyl-L-Carnitine, Quercetin, Grape Extract, Alpha-Lipoic Acid, Coenzyme Q10.*
TO JOIN TODAY http://g3development.lifevantage.com/products/?welcome=2
*These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent disease.
LifeVantage
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Source: G3 Development
Posted Tuesday, August 28, 2018 at 8:28 AM CDT - Permalink


Q: I find myself frequently wasting time by launching and closing data files in an effort to find the one I am looking for. My friend has suggested that I reorganize my files in various folders instead of the single data folder I use now, but that is going to take a lot of work. Is this a good approach, or is there a better approach to finding the files I am looking for?
A: Organizing your files in various file folders used to be the right approach, but that measure is now less necessary because Windows Vista and Windows 7 both provide a tool called Instant Search that can search all of your files in just a few seconds. Instant Search uses "indexed searching," which is the same fast search method used by search engines such as Google and Microsoft Bing.
Under System and Security, select Review your computer's status.
Click the Show all locations button.
Place a check mark next to drives or folders that you want included in your search index.
For Windows XP users. If you are still using Windows XP, but you would like to perform the same type of fast indexed searching that Windows Vista and Windows 7 provide, you can download and install the Google Desktop for free at this Web address: desktop.google.com/en/?ignua=1. By default, Google Desktop will index all of the files on your computer.
A few notes: Both Instant Search and Google Desktop can index and search your e-mails for fast searching. You can adjust the settings to direct both Instant Search and Google Desktop to include other computers and file servers in the indexed search. Instant Search and Google Desktop will take time to index all of your files, perhaps overnight. Thereafter, new files that you create are indexed automatically as they are created.


text:
/**
 * @author mr.doob / http://mrdoob.com/
 */

THREE.Ray = function ( origin, direction ) {

	this.origin = origin || new THREE.Vector3();
	this.direction = direction || new THREE.Vector3();

	this.intersectScene = function ( scene ) {

		return this.intersectObjects( scene.children );

	};

	this.intersectObjects = function ( objects ) {

		var i, l, object,
		intersects = [];

		for ( i = 0, l = objects.length; i < l; i ++ ) {

			Array.prototype.push.apply( intersects, this.intersectObject( objects[ i ] ) );

		}

		intersects.sort( function ( a, b ) { return a.distance - b.distance; } );

		return intersects;

	};

	var a = new THREE.Vector3();
	var b = new THREE.Vector3();
	var c = new THREE.Vector3();
	var d = new THREE.Vector3();

	var origin = new THREE.Vector3();
	var direction = new THREE.Vector3();
	var vector = new THREE.Vector3();
	var normal = new THREE.Vector3();
	var intersectPoint = new THREE.Vector3()

	this.intersectObject = function ( object ) {

		var intersect, intersects = [];

		for ( var i = 0, l = object.children.length; i < l; i ++ ) {

			Array.prototype.push.apply( intersects, this.intersectObject( object.children[ i ] ) );

		}

		if ( object instanceof THREE.Particle ) {

			var distance = distanceFromIntersection( this.origin, this.direction, object.matrixWorld.getPosition() );

			if ( distance === null || distance > object.scale.x ) {

				return [];

			}

			intersect = {

				distance: distance,
				point: object.position,
				face: null,
				object: object

			};

			intersects.push( intersect );

		} else if ( object instanceof THREE.Mesh ) {

			// Checking boundingSphere

			var distance = distanceFromIntersection( this.origin, this.direction, object.matrixWorld.getPosition() );

			if ( distance === null || distance > object.geometry.boundingSphere.radius * Math.max( object.scale.x, Math.max( object.scale.y, object.scale.z ) ) ) {

				return intersects;

			}

			// Checking faces

			var f, fl, face, dot, scalar,
			geometry = object.geometry,
			vertices = geometry.vertices,
			objMatrix;

			object.matrixRotationWorld.extractRotation( object.matrixWorld );

			for ( f = 0, fl = geometry.faces.length; f < fl; f ++ ) {

				face = geometry.faces[ f ];

				origin.copy( this.origin );
				direction.copy( this.direction );

				objMatrix = object.matrixWorld;

				// check if face.centroid is behind the origin

				vector = objMatrix.multiplyVector3( vector.copy( face.centroid ) ).subSelf( origin );
				dot = vector.dot( direction );

				if ( dot <= 0 ) continue;

				//

				a = objMatrix.multiplyVector3( a.copy( vertices[ face.a ].position ) );
				b = objMatrix.multiplyVector3( b.copy( vertices[ face.b ].position ) );
				c = objMatrix.multiplyVector3( c.copy( vertices[ face.c ].position ) );
				if ( face instanceof THREE.Face4 ) d = objMatrix.multiplyVector3( d.copy( vertices[ face.d ].position ) );

				normal = object.matrixRotationWorld.multiplyVector3( normal.copy( face.normal ) );
				dot = direction.dot( normal );

				if ( object.doubleSided || ( object.flipSided ? dot > 0 : dot < 0 ) ) { // Math.abs( dot ) > 0.0001

					scalar = normal.dot( vector.sub( a, origin ) ) / dot;
					intersectPoint.add( origin, direction.multiplyScalar( scalar ) );

					if ( face instanceof THREE.Face3 ) {

						if ( pointInFace3( intersectPoint, a, b, c ) ) {

							intersect = {

								distance: origin.distanceTo( intersectPoint ),
								point: intersectPoint.clone(),
								face: face,
								object: object

							};

							intersects.push( intersect );

						}

					} else if ( face instanceof THREE.Face4 ) {

						if ( pointInFace3( intersectPoint, a, b, d ) || pointInFace3( intersectPoint, b, c, d ) ) {

							intersect = {

								distance: origin.distanceTo( intersectPoint ),
								point: intersectPoint.clone(),
								face: face,
								object: object

							};

							intersects.push( intersect );

						}

					}

				}

			}

		}

		return intersects;

	}

	var v0 = new THREE.Vector3(), v1 = new THREE.Vector3(), v2 = new THREE.Vector3();
	var dot, intersect, distance;

	function distanceFromIntersection( origin, direction, position ) {

		v0.sub( position, origin );
		dot = v0.dot( direction );

		if ( dot <= 0 ) return null; // check if position behind origin.

		intersect = v1.add( origin, v2.copy( direction ).multiplyScalar( dot ) );
		distance = position.distanceTo( intersect );

		return distance;

	}

	// http://www.blackpawn.com/texts/pointinpoly/default.html

	var dot00, dot01, dot02, dot11, dot12, invDenom, u, v;

	function pointInFace3( p, a, b, c ) {

		v0.sub( c, a );
		v1.sub( b, a );
		v2.sub( p, a );

		dot00 = v0.dot( v0 );
		dot01 = v0.dot( v1 );
		dot02 = v0.dot( v2 );
		dot11 = v1.dot( v1 );
		dot12 = v1.dot( v2 );

		invDenom = 1 / ( dot00 * dot11 - dot01 * dot01 );
		u = ( dot11 * dot02 - dot01 * dot12 ) * invDenom;
		v = ( dot00 * dot12 - dot01 * dot02 ) * invDenom;

		return ( u >= 0 ) && ( v >= 0 ) && ( u + v < 1 );

	}

};


text:
BC Summer Jazz Band to perform on July 2 at the Clarion
Wed Jun 23, 2021
The Brazosport College Summer Jazz Band will present its Summer Jazz Concert at 7:30 p.m. on Friday, July 2 at The Clarion at Brazosport College.
The concert is free to the public. The jazz band will be under the direction of Brian Casey.
Selections scheduled to be performed include:
"Bemsha Swing" — the catchy Thelonious Monk classic, including some New Orleans "street beat."
"Annapolis Sail" — a colorful contemporary swing tune by Daniel Jamieson from the U.S. Army Jazz Ambassadors Perspectives program.
"You Snooze, You Lose" — a fiery Latin chart by Victor Lopez.
"When I Close My Eyes" – Gordon Brisker's beautiful flugelhorn piece featuring Justin Garcia.
"The Lick" – Steve Brown's clever take on the viral YouTube video, "The Lick."
"Absoludicrous" – The title says it all! As usual, Gordon Goodwin cracks everyone up with this witty funk composition.
"America the Beautiful" – Arranged by Bob Curnow, this was recorded on the U.S. Army Jazz Ambassadors' "The Legacy of Stan Kenton."
"Get Out and Stay Out!!" – Ian McDougall's burnin' blues tune featuring several talented soloists.
"Africa" – arranged masterfully from the 1980's Toto hit for a full jazz band by John Berry.
For more information about the July 2 Summer Jazz Concert, call (979) 230-3156.


text:
Microsoft announces new multibillion-dollar investment in ChatGPT creator OpenAI
Microsoft recently disclosed a new multiyear, multibillion-dollar investment in OpenAI, an artificial intelligence lab.
Mike Mozart
Microsoft has disclosed a new multiyear investment in OpenAI, the maker of ChatGPT's artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot. A week earlier, Bloomberg and Semafor claimed that Microsoft was in talks to invest up to $10 billion in the business that created ChatGPT. Microsoft did not specify the amount of investment.
According to Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella, "We have built our relationship with OpenAI around a shared goal to responsibly promote cutting-edge AI research and democratize AI as a new technology platform." The business is happy to "continue our independent research" and "work to create sophisticated AI that helps everyone," said Sam Altman, CEO of OpenAI.
In 2019, Microsoft made its first $1 billion investment in OpenAI. Microsoft is now OpenAI's exclusive provider of cloud computing services as a result of that investment. On Monday, January 23, Microsoft announced that OpenAI will continue to be exclusively available through the Azure cloud service.
source: ft.com


A two-judge appellate panel said on Thursday that the Family Court judge, who remained unnamed, had taken matters too far by assuming that the mother must have been "stoned all the time" based on the fact that she admitted to continuing to smoke after the baby was born.
A state case worker visited the home three times a week for a year, but never found any evidence that the children had been neglected or that the mother was under the influence while she was parenting her children. The state also had no evidence that the children had been harmed.
The appellate judges reversed those findings on Thursday and ordered that the mother's name be removed from the state's registry of abusive parents.
If you or someone you love is suspected of child abuse or neglect, contact Orange County criminal lawyer Staycie R. Sena at (949)477-8088 for a consultation now.


RAWALPINDI: The Rawalpindi Chamber of Commerce and Industry (RCCI) voiced serious concerns over the sharp fall in the value of Pakistani rupee against the US dollar. Talking to a trade delegation at chamber house RCCI President Zahid Latif Khan said it would unleash a new wave of inflation in the country and create additional problems for business and industrial activities.
He that the fall of rupee from Rs122 per dollar to Rs128 per dollar in a single day should be a cause of great concern for policymakers and monitoring bodies. He said the rupee was devalued by about five per cent in December last year in a similar manner and another devaluation of over 5 per cent in a single day would create new challenges for the economy. This would be the fourth round of devaluation since December 2017 when the currency was hovering around Rs105 to the US dollar, he added.
He said instead of withdrawing support for the rupee in the daily market, State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) should make efforts for a stable currency as currency volatility is disturbing the long-term business planning efforts of the private sector. Zahid Latif Khan said falling value of rupee would increase the debt burden on the country as a Rs1 devaluation causes a Rs60 billion jump in the public debt burden. He stressed that government should take urgent measures to end volatility and bring stability in the local currency.
"A weaker rupee would increase the cost of doing business, especially for companies that are import-dependent", he said.
RCCI Chief cautioned that It must be kept in mind that the rising dollar would lead to costlier imports and the exporters will also bear the brunt due to rise in cost of imported raw materials, plunging the economy into further deep crisis.


text:
package me.dablakbandit.dabcore.nbt;

import java.io.Closeable;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.zip.GZIPOutputStream;
import java.util.zip.InflaterOutputStream;

public final class NBTOutputStream implements Closeable{
	private final DataOutputStream os;

	@Deprecated
	public NBTOutputStream(OutputStream os) throws IOException{
		this(os, NBTCompression.GZIP);
	}

	@Deprecated
	public NBTOutputStream(OutputStream os, boolean gzipped) throws IOException{
		this(os, gzipped ? NBTCompression.GZIP : NBTCompression.UNCOMPRESSED);
	}

	public NBTOutputStream(OutputStream os, NBTCompression compression) throws IOException{
		switch(compression){
		case UNCOMPRESSED:
			this.os = new DataOutputStream(os);
			break;
		case GZIP:
			this.os = new DataOutputStream(new GZIPOutputStream(os));
			break;
		case ZLIB:
			this.os = new DataOutputStream(new InflaterOutputStream(os));
			break;
		case FROM_BYTE:
			throw new IllegalArgumentException(NBTCompression.FROM_BYTE.name() + " is only for reading.");
		default:
			throw new AssertionError("[JNBT] Unimplemented " + NBTCompression.class.getSimpleName() + ": " + compression);
		}
	}

	public void writeTag(Tag tag) throws IOException{
		NBTTagType type = NBTTagType.fromTagClass(tag.getClass());
		byte[] nameBytes = tag.getName().getBytes(NBTConstants.CHARSET);

		if(type == NBTTagType.TAG_END)
			throw new IOException("[JNBT] Named TAG_End not permitted.");

		os.writeByte(type.getTypeByte());
		os.writeShort(nameBytes.length);
		os.write(nameBytes);

		writeTagPayload(tag);
	}

	private void writeTagPayload(Tag tag) throws IOException{
		NBTTagType type = NBTTagType.fromTagClass(tag.getClass());
		switch(type){
		case TAG_END:
			writeEndTagPayload((EndTag)tag);
			break;
		case TAG_BYTE:
			writeByteTagPayload((ByteTag)tag);
			break;
		case TAG_SHORT:
			writeShortTagPayload((ShortTag)tag);
			break;
		case TAG_INT:
			writeIntTagPayload((IntTag)tag);
			break;
		case TAG_LONG:
			writeLongTagPayload((LongTag)tag);
			break;
		case TAG_FLOAT:
			writeFloatTagPayload((FloatTag)tag);
			break;
		case TAG_DOUBLE:
			writeDoubleTagPayload((DoubleTag)tag);
			break;
		case TAG_BYTE_ARRAY:
			writeByteArrayTagPayload((ByteArrayTag)tag);
			break;
		case TAG_STRING:
			writeStringTagPayload((StringTag)tag);
			break;
		case TAG_LIST:
			writeListTagPayload((ListTag)tag);
			break;
		case TAG_COMPOUND:
			writeCompoundTagPayload((CompoundTag)tag);
			break;
		case TAG_INT_ARRAY:
			writeIntArrayTagPayload((IntArrayTag)tag);
			break;
		default:
			throw new AssertionError("[JNBT] Unimplemented " + NBTTagType.class.getSimpleName() + ": " + type);
		}
	}

	private void writeByteTagPayload(ByteTag tag) throws IOException{
		os.writeByte(tag.getValue());
	}

	private void writeByteArrayTagPayload(ByteArrayTag tag) throws IOException{
		byte[] bytes = tag.getValue();
		os.writeInt(bytes.length);
		os.write(bytes);
	}

	private void writeCompoundTagPayload(CompoundTag tag) throws IOException{
		for(Tag childTag : tag.getValue().values())
			writeTag(childTag);

		os.writeByte((byte)0); // end tag - better way?
	}

	private void writeListTagPayload(ListTag tag) throws IOException{
		NBTTagType tagType = tag.getType();
		List<Tag> tags = tag.getValue();
		int length = tags.size();

		os.writeByte(tagType.getTypeByte());
		os.writeInt(length);
		for(Tag t : tags)
			writeTagPayload(t);
	}

	private void writeStringTagPayload(StringTag tag) throws IOException{
		byte[] bytes = tag.getValue().getBytes(NBTConstants.CHARSET);
		os.writeShort(bytes.length);
		os.write(bytes);
	}

	private void writeDoubleTagPayload(DoubleTag tag) throws IOException{
		os.writeDouble(tag.getValue());
	}

	private void writeFloatTagPayload(FloatTag tag) throws IOException{
		os.writeFloat(tag.getValue());
	}

	private void writeLongTagPayload(LongTag tag) throws IOException{
		os.writeLong(tag.getValue());
	}

	private void writeIntTagPayload(IntTag tag) throws IOException{
		os.writeInt(tag.getValue());
	}

	private void writeShortTagPayload(ShortTag tag) throws IOException{
		os.writeShort(tag.getValue());
	}

	private void writeIntArrayTagPayload(IntArrayTag tag) throws IOException{
		int[] ints = tag.getValue();
		os.writeInt(ints.length);
		for(int i : ints)
			os.writeInt(i);
	}

	private void writeEndTagPayload(EndTag tag){
	}

	@Override
	public void close() throws IOException{
		os.close();
	}
}