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Leaflet from Michael White – Green Party – Donegal #GE2020 January 26, 2020
Filed under: Green Party — irishelectionliterature @ 10:25 pm
Tags: 2020 General Election, Donegal, Green Party, Irish Politics, michael white, Politics
A Leaflet from Michael White who is running for The Green Party in Donegal in the 2020 General Election.
Many thanks to the sender.
Flyer for the Fine Gael candidates Clonmel Corporation from 1961 May 30, 2016
Filed under: Fine Gael — irishelectionliterature @ 9:31 pm
Tags: 1960 local elections, 1961, 1961 Local Elections, clonmel, Denis Burke, Edward Gahan, Fine Gael, Irish History, Irish Politics, Martin Slater, michael white, Patrick Fitzgerald, Patrick O'Callaghan, Patrick O'Connor, Politics, Tipperary
From I assume 1961 a flyer for the Fine Gael candidates running for Clonmel Corporation. Denis Burke has a Park in Clonmel named after him. There were two different Patrick Fitzgeralds on the ticket along with Edward Gahan, Patrick O'Callaghan, Patrick O'Connor , Martin Slater and Michael White.
I'm not sure which of the candidates were elected although the 'E' beside their names may indicate that they were elected.
Flyer from Michael White -The Workers Party -1983 Dublin Central By Election. March 14, 2011
Filed under: Dublin Central,Workers Party — irishelectionliterature @ 10:48 pm
Tags: Dublin Central, Election ephemera, election flyers, Irish History, Irish Left, Irish Political Ephemera, Irish Politics, Judge Michael White, michael white, Politics, The Workers Party
From the 1983 Dublin Central By-Election, caused by the death of George Colley, a flyer for Workers Party candidate Michael White. White, who had stood previously in 1981 and the two Elections in 1982, polled 4,342 votes (13.28% of the poll) in a contest won by Fianna Fails Tom Leonard.
The flyer makes reference to The Workers Party TDs Tomas MacGiolla and Proinsias de Rossa as well as Water Tax.
Michael White is now a judge.
Michael White- Workers Party- 1982 (November) January 3, 2010
Filed under: Dublin Central,Workers Party — irishelectionliterature @ 12:36 am
Tags: Dublin Central, Election ephemera, Ireland, Irish Left, Irish Politics, Judge Michael White, michael white, November 1982, november 1982 general election, socialist, The Workers Party, Workers Party
From the November 1982 General Election, the now Judge Michael White (refered to here as Mick White in the profile). White stood in a number of Elections and despite hard work on the ground had no electoral success.
The Workers Partys achievements are listed as are their plans. We also have the picture Prionsias De Rossa, Paddy Gallagher and Joe Sherlock outside the Dail.
If using any of these images it would be nice to give me some credit for scanning them and posting them up (Unlike the Irish Independent who again used images from the site without crediting me)
(Judge) Michael White- Workers Party- 1983 Dublin Central By-Election. September 28, 2009
Tags: Dublin Central, election flyers, irish elections, Irish Left, Irish Political Ephemera, Irish Politics, Judge Michael White, michael white, The Workers Party
His last of four attempts at winning a Dail seat, the now Judge Michael White poses with Tomas McGiolla and Prionsias De Rossa. He polled a respectable 13% of the vote in the By-Election. He is one of a number of our judiciary that have electoral records, amongst them George Birmingham, Henry Abbott, Adrian Hardiman and Pat McCartan.
Flyer from Richard Humphreys -Labour -Stillorgan -2014 Local Elections


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Starquake je počítačová hra typu dvourozměrného plošinového bludiště napsaná Davem Collinsem a Stephenem Crowem, publikovaná softwarovou společností Bubble Bus a vydaná v roce 1985. Byla vydána pro Commodore 64, MSX, ZX Spectrum, Amstrad CPC, Atari XL, Acorn BBC model B, počítače IBM PC kompatibilní a Atari ST. Verze pro Amigu byla původně plánována na rok 1991, ale vyšla až v roce 2018.

Děj
Hráč ovládá postavičku, která se nazývá BLOB (z anglického "Bio-Logically Operated Being" – bio-logicky ovládaná bytost), jejíž kosmická loď havarovala na neznámé planetě. Havárie poškodila jádro této planety a úkolem hráče je nalézt jednotlivé součásti jádra, které jsou rozházené po planetě a spravit ho, než exploduje. Obyvatelům planety se přítomnost hlavního hrdiny nelíbí a snaží se ho zabít.

Hratelnost
Hra Starquake má několik vlastností, které jí odlišují od ostatních plošinových her své doby:

Pohyb
Je mnoho způsobů, jak s postavičkou pohybovat:
 základem je běh, BLOB se umí pohybovat relativně rychle;
 na předem definovaných místech se nacházejí podložky, pomocí kterých se postavička může vznášet; nicméně v takovou chvíli nelze uchopit volně ležící předmět;
 aby se dostal výš, může hlavní hrdina pokládat vlastní stavební bloky, které vydrží kratší dobu;
 v bludišti se nachází mnoho výtahů;
 ve hře je také více teleportů, pro přenos do cílové stanice musíte znát bezpečnostní kód.

Inventář
BLOB může najednou pobrat až čtyři předměty, které ukládá ve FIFO posloupnosti. Některé nalezené předměty se používají k opravě jádra, jiné se musí vyměnit pomocí Cheopsovy pyramidy za něco užitečnějšího. Dále je ve hře přístupová karta určená jednak k pyramidě a jednak může nahradit libovolnou číslovanou kartu, které jsou potřeba k otevření některých dveří.

Rozsah hry
Bludiště je obsáhlé a rozmanité a skládá se z 512 obrazovek. Předměty a součásti jádra jsou po každém spuštění hry rozmístěny jinak.

Odkazy

Reference

Externí odkazy
 Starquake na serveru World of Spectrum
 Starquake na serveru Lemon64
 Starquake na serveru Atarimania

 Starquake s mapou na serveru west.club.fr
 Mapa hry na serveru zx-spectrum.wz.cz, která vznikla přímo složením jednotlivých obrazovek

Plošinové videohry s 2D grafikou
Hry pro Amigu
Hry pro Atari ST
Hry pro Commodore 64
Hry pro DOS
Hry pro ZX Spectrum
Hry pro osmibitová Atari
Videohry z roku 1985
Hry pro Amstrad CPC
Hry pro BBC Micro a Acorn Electron
Hry pro MSX
Science fiction videohry
Akční adventury
Britské videohry

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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https://profreg.medscape.com/px/getpracticeprofile.do?method=getProfessionalProfile&urlCache=aHR0cHM6Ly9lbWVkaWNpbmUuc3RhZ2luZy5tZWRzY2FwZS5jb20vYXJ0aWNsZS84NTkzMTYtdHJlYXRtZW50
Drugs & Diseases > Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery
Acute Otitis Media Treatment & Management
Author: John D Donaldson, MD, FRCSC, FACS; Chief Editor: Arlen D Meyers, MD, MBA more...
Acute Otitis Media
Sections Acute Otitis Media
Tympanocentesis
Tympanocentesis, Myringotomy, and Tympanostomy
Acute otitis media (AOM) has been described as a self-limiting disease, provided that the patient does not develop a complication. This is an old description that has a renewed relevance. In the new millennium, practitioners are forced to learn the lessons of history because these may serve as our models of practice without effective antimicrobial agents. Nevertheless, for the time being, antibiotics remain the initial therapy of choice for AOM.
Other pharmacologic therapies have also been used to treat AOM. Analgesics and antipyretics have a definite role in symptomatic management. Decongestants and antihistamines do not appear to have efficacy either early or late in the acute process, although they may relieve coexistent nasal symptoms. Systemic steroids have no demonstrated role in the acute phase.
Tympanocentesis and myringotomy are the procedures used to treat AOM. Certain patients require ventilation or drainage of the middle ear cleft for an extended period or have a history of repetitive attacks; these patients benefit from placement of a tympanostomy tube at the time of myringotomy.
Consultation is seldom necessary, although some otolaryngologists might be more comfortable having the pediatrician provide all the primary care.
At present, a chorus of advocates recommends withholding antibiotic therapy for patients with AOM and following a "watchful waiting" or "wait and see" approach. As expected from long-known data, most children managed in this fashion do well, although a study from England observed an increase in the rate of mastoiditis in children that was, essentially, the inverse of the rate of decrease in prescriptions for acute otitis.
A literature review by Thomas et al, which included scrutiny of evidence-based AOM recommendations, particularly those found in current American guidelines, concluded that the data used to compare the usefulness of prompt antibiotic therapy with 2-3 days of watchful waiting are not completely consistent. The investigators stated that controlled trials with well-defined endpoints are still needed to better address the question. [22]
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study indicated that in children with AOM, antimicrobial treatment may prove most beneficial for those with a severely bulging tympanic membrane, while initial observation may be the best course for children with a peaked tympanogram (A and C curves). The study involved patients aged 6 to 35 months. [23, 24]
Results from another randomized, placebo-controlled study indicated that antimicrobial treatment of AOM-related middle ear effusion is effective even in older children. In the Finnish study, of 84 children aged 6 months to 15 years, 50% of the patients were treated with antibiotics, with middle ear effusion resolving an average of 2 weeks earlier in these children than it did in patients who did not receive antibiotics. Reduction of mean duration of ear effusion by age was as follows [25, 26] :
< 2 years: 8 days
Age 2-6 years: 20 days
>6 years: 1 day
Despite the advocates of watchful waiting, the overwhelming consensus is still that antibiotics are the initial therapy of choice for AOM, for 3 valid reasons:
After the institution of antibiotic therapy, a marked decline in the suppurative complications of AOM is noted
Practitioners cannot predict with certainty which patients will develop complications
Studies have demonstrated that the use of antibiotics improves patient outcomes in both early and late phases of AOM
Some order has been brought to the discussions of antibiotic use under the auspices of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and by the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR), both agencies of the US government. The CDC published 6 principles of appropriate antibiotic use in an attempt to bring precepts of good public health and responsible therapy to the discussion while minimizing the selection of resistant strains of bacteria within the community. These principles are as follows:
Episodes of otitis media should be classified as AOM or otitis media with effusion (OME)
Antimicrobials are indicated for treatment of AOM; however, diagnosis requires documented middle ear effusion and signs or symptoms of acute local or systemic illness
Uncomplicated AOM may be treated with a 5- to 7-day course of antimicrobials in certain patients older than 2 years
Antimicrobials are not indicated for the initial treatment of OME; treatment may be indicated if effusions persist for longer than 3 months
Persistent OME after therapy for AOM is expected and does not require repeat treatment with antimicrobials
Antimicrobial prophylaxis should be reserved for controlling recurrent AOM, defined as 3 or more distinct, well-documented episodes in 6 months or 4 or more episodes in 12 months
Choice of regimen
In the absence of culture results obtained from tympanocentesis, selection of an antibiotic should have the following 2 objectives:
The antibiotic should cover most of the common bacterial pathogens (see Etiology)
The antibiotic must be individualized for the child with regard to allergy, tolerance, previous exposure to antibiotics, cost, and community resistance levels
The duration of therapy is also empirically determined to some degree, and data indicate that significant numbers of children do not receive prescribed antibiotics beyond relief of acute symptoms. Traditionally, therapy is continued for 10-14 days; this is convenient for office scheduling, but it may not necessarily be more efficacious than 5 or even 2 days of therapy.
Short-duration therapy may not be appropriate in children younger than 2 years who appear prone to failure even after 14 days of therapy. Mandel showed that when an effusion-free ear was the prime objective, 20 days of antibiotic therapy achieved better outcomes than 10 days of therapy or placebo; however, after 90 days, no difference in the groups existed and recurrence was not prevented by the additional therapy.
Recommendations for administration of prescribed antimicrobials to treat AOM may differ from recommendations for the same antibiotic when used for soft tissue infections.
Pulse-dosing antibiotics, when administered for infections of hollow organs, such as the ear or sinuses, appear to be efficacious as a result of some more obscure antimicrobial mechanisms, increased compliance on the part of the patient or parent, and slower penetration into and removal from middle ear effusion.
Subminimal serum levels of antibiotics have been shown to disrupt adhesive bonds between bacteria and mucosal cell walls and to provide a postantibiotic effect, in which the reproduction of bacteria is disrupted for a period of hours after antibiotic exposure. Similarly, a leukocyte-enhancing action has been demonstrated at these low concentrations.
When antibiotics are used in this manner, marked variations are found in both the effectiveness of individual agents and the susceptibility of individual pathogens. Generally, beta-lactam antibiotics are most successful against gram-positive pathogens for both disruption of adhesion and postantibiotic effect.
Amoxicillin (or erythromycin-sulfisoxazole, in patients who are allergic to penicillin) remains the initial treatment of choice in children with AOM.
With the emergence of resistant strains, the practitioner may need to select an alternative antimicrobial regimen that includes either a broad-spectrum beta-lactamase–resistant cephalosporin or a combined formulation such as amoxicillin-clavulanate or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Combination therapy may help prevent the emergence of resistance by mutation, provided the pathogen is initially sensitive to both components (see Medication).
With the emergence of multidrug-resistant S pneumoniae (MDRSP), oral therapy consisting of amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanate may have efficacy when the total amoxicillin dose reaches 80-100 mg/kg/d.
If a child does not respond to an antibiotic within 48 hours and concurrently develops local and systemic signs of toxicity, the pathogen may be resistant to the selected drug. Treatment options include an empiric change of antimicrobial agent or a drainage procedure with culture. In children with prolonged acute symptoms, failure to improve with antibiotic therapy may indicate coexistent viral infection.
Surgical management of AOM can conveniently be divided into 3 related procedures:
Myringotomy
Myringotomy with insertion of a ventilating tube
Indications for these 3 procedures may be diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic. More than 1 indication for a procedure may have to be considered on a case-by-case basis. Selection of the appropriate procedure results from evaluation of patient factors, surgeon factors, available resources, and urgency. Each of these aspects must be examined to select that procedure that gives the optimal predicted outcome.
Tympanocentesis, in its purest form, is a diagnostic procedure that gives the clinician access to acute or chronic middle ear effusions for culture and other evaluations. However, it can also be employed in a therapeutic setting. Additionally, tympanocentesis remains a valuable research tool in the evaluation of new antimicrobial agents for efficacy in AOM and for identification of host defense mechanisms or flaws in the middle ear immunochemistry.
Consider tympanocentesis in the following patients:
Children who are immunosuppressed or immunocompromised
Neonates with AOM (who are more likely to have an unusual or more invasive pathogen)
Patients in whom antimicrobial therapy has failed and who continue to experience local or systemic signs of sepsis
Patients who have had a complication of AOM in conjunction with attempts to recover the etiologic agent from other sites (eg, cerebrospinal fluid [CSF] or blood)
Generally, tympanocentesis is performed without anesthesia after sterilization of the ear canal with isopropyl alcohol or povidone-iodine solution. Insert a needle through the anterior portion of the tympanic membrane, and aspirate the contents of the middle ear into a sterile trap for identification of microbes and their properties.
A tympanocentesis may be converted to a myringotomy (see below) and rendered therapeutic by enlarging the hole in the tympanic membrane, often by spreading the edges with microalligator forceps or suction tip. Instilling antibiotic drops and suctioning the middle ear are possible through the myringotomy. Typically, the patient experiences prompt relief of local symptoms. Culture results must be obtained before extension of the incision.
Myringotomy is the incision and drainage procedure for AOM. It is a product of technology that allows the illumination of the tympanic membrane, with or without magnification. A myringotomy may be an extension of a tympanocentesis (see above) or a separate incision of the tympanic membrane to provide drainage of the middle ear cleft to the ear canal.
In this procedure, the tympanic membrane is incised with a knife, and the resulting opening allows a fluid-filled middle ear to drain to the ear canal and the exterior. Depending on the size of the hole and the method used to create it, the tympanic membrane usually returns to normal within days to a few weeks.
A number of instruments, from knives to lasers, are available to perform this task, but the basic principles remain constant. The hole design, established either by size, by the application of material to retard healing, or by the type of initial tissue damage, is the primary factor in controlling how long the perforation remains open, which, in turn, is determined by patient need.
The use of a carbon dioxide laser in myringotomy on children with AOM has been promoted widely and directly to the consumer by the manufacturers of these instruments; proponents claim to have ushered in a new treatment for AOM without the use of antimicrobials. This approach is undoubtedly a boon for the otolaryngologist who is less technically adept, but to date, it has yielded little or no change in efficacy over standard myringotomy.
Myringotomy with ventilation tube
Some patients with AOM require ventilation or drainage of the middle ear cleft for an extended period (eg, patients with mastoiditis), whereas others may have a history of repetitive attacks. These patients benefit with the placement of a tympanostomy tube at the time of myringotomy. In most instances, general anesthesia or sedation is necessary in older children because topical anesthesia is relatively ineffective in acutely inflamed tympanic membranes.
Numerous tube designs are now available, each with its own weaknesses and strengths with respect to retention, reactivity, and complications. Selection of any tympanostomy tube design is governed by the length of time for which ventilation is likely to be needed. Tubes may be designed to permit tube placement for 6-9 months, for 9-18 months, or for longer than 2 years. Selection is also governed by the quality of the tympanic membrane's fibrous tissue and by patient need versus the increasing complication rates associated with prolonged ventilation.
With increasing antimicrobial resistance, surgical intervention in the form of tympanostomy tube placement can be expected to increase in the coming years, after having fallen into disfavor in the past 2 decades when resistance was less of a factor. In the author's practice, children younger than 15 months and those who attend day care centers are most likely to require surgery.
In a report on 248 pediatric patients who received tympanostomy tubes and postoperative otic drop therapy, Conrad et al found that tube occlusion occurred most frequently in patients with middle ear fluid and in those with longer time to postsurgical follow-up. The investigators, who conducted a retrospective medical record review, found that at first follow-up, one or both tubes were occluded in 10.6% of patients. Children with no serous fluid were found to be 3 times more likely to have unobstructed tubes than were children with fluid. It was also found that the chance of occlusion increased in relation to the amount of time that existed between surgery and follow-up. [27, 28]
Mastoidectomy
Mastoidectomy predates the extensive use of tympanic membrane incision, primarily because of the severity of the disease and the relatively frequent occurrence of spontaneous perforation in otitis-prone individuals. For example, in Eskimo communities of northern Canada, native Inuit are often found with large central perforations from chronic otitis.
Contraindications for surgical therapy
Contraindications for incision of the tympanic membrane are relatively few in the presence of acute disease. In 25 years of practice, the author has twice managed to tap through "thick tympanic membranes" to find himself aspirating CSF from low-hanging and exposed dura (one associated with a porencephalic cyst). Neither resulted in a prolonged complication, but CSF may be obtained with considerably less excitement via lumbar puncture.
Patients with patulous eustachian tubes most frequently have persistent otorrhea after placement of tympanostomy tubes. Children with neuromuscular disease, unrepaired cleft palates, or Down syndrome are more prone to this outcome. Otorrhea may be the lesser evil when the child is septic or uncomfortable or when damage to the middle ear cleft is imminent. This contraindication is a relative one, and the parent must be informed of the risk and allowed to participate in the decision whether to proceed.
Complications of surgical therapy
Complications of tympanocentesis and myringotomy are few and rare in appropriately performed procedures in children with otherwise normal anatomy. They include the following:
Immediate complications - Injury to the skin of the ear canal; injury to the ossicular chain
Intermediate complications - Persistent otorrhea; persistent perforation; external otitis from persistent drainage; implantation cholesteatoma
Long-term complications - Persistent perforation, with or without otorrhea; ear canal stenosis
The complications for myringotomy with ventilation tube placement are the same, with the addition of those related to the tube and to longer perforation.
With tubes of modern design, medialization is now quite rare. Some tube designs have a tendency to collect epithelial debris and inherently have a higher rate of cholesteatoma formation. As a rule, longer ventilation increases the likelihood of persistence of the perforation, the formation of aural polyps, and chronic otorrhea. Most of these complications are reversed by removal of the tube, with or without repair of the hole with a small myringoplasty.
Children with recurrent AOM have no effusion within the middle ear cleft between attacks of acute disease. Management of this condition is confined to either episodic management or preventive treatment.
In episodic management, each episode is considered a new attack and is treated with antibiotics; the patient is monitored until the episode resolves. Preventative treatment involves the administration of a conjugated heptavalent pneumococcal vaccine. Although the vaccine is intended to combat invasive effects in infants, immunized children have a reduced incidence of AOM, a reduced need for antibiotic therapy or tympanostomy tubes, and a reduced risk of invasion or hearing loss. [29]
Since the introduction of the heptavalent pneumococcal vaccine in 2000, researchers have found that nearly two thirds of invasive pneumococcal disease cases in young children have been caused by 6 serotypes that were not included in that vaccine. Those serotypes, along with the original 7, have been incorporated into pneumococcal vaccine valent-13 (Prevnar 13) that was approved in February 2010.
A study by Hasegawa et al indicated that the introduction of a heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine to Japan in 2009 significantly reduced the risk of AOM in infants and young children. The study, in which 614 parents were surveyed, found that, after adjustment for potentially confounding variables, the hazard ratio for AOM in vaccinated children was 0.33, with significant risk reduction in children between infancy and age 3 years and in young children over age 3 years. [30]
Similarly, a study by Tawfik et al indicated that since the introduction of pneumococcal vaccination, hospital admissions for pediatric AOM/complications of AOM in the United States have decreased in prevalence, as have admission rates for pediatric pneumococcal meningitis with AOM/complications of AOM. Using information from the Kids' Inpatient Database from between 2000 and 2012, the study found particularly sharp declines in admissions for children under age 1 years, from 22.647 to 8.715 per 100,000 persons, and for children aged 1-2 years, from 13.652 to 5.554 per 100,000 persons. [31]
A study by Kaur et al indicated that the introduction of 7-valent and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7 and PCV13) has reduced the prevalence of AOM in children aged 3 years or younger. The report found that out of 615 children, all of whom were vaccinated with PCV7 or PCV13, 60% suffered one or more episodes of AOM by age 3 years, and 24% experienced three or more episodes. In comparison, a 1989 study, conducted by Teele et al prior to the introduction of PCVs, found that by age 3 years, 83% of children followed experienced at least one episode of AOM, while 46% suffered three or more episodes. Kaur et al also attributed the change in AOM prevalence to more stringent criteria used to differentiate AOM from otitis media with effusion. [32, 33, 34]
If immunologic therapy to prevent AOM is to be found, however, vaccines that are effective against nontypeable H influenzae, as well as all serotypes of S pneumoniae, will have to be developed. Some progress is being made with the former. [35] As yet, however, no vaccine exists for nontypeable H influenzae. Correspondingly, research has been commenced on immunization against the common viruses that induce AOM—namely, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenoviruses, influenza A and B viruses, and rhinoviruses.
Antibiotic prophylaxis is becoming less popular as resistant strains emerge. Amoxicillin and sulfisoxazole have both been used extensively. The former has better coverage against S pyogenes but may promote nasopharyngeal colonization with beta-lactam–resistant pneumococci and H influenzae. Reserve prophylaxis for otitis-prone children who are younger than 2 years or in day care and who have had 3 or more attacks in a 6-month period. Both amoxicillin and sulfisoxazole can cause serum sickness reactions.
A potential preventative measure is the natural sugar substitute, xylitol. Studies indicate that xylitol chewing gum, lozenges or syrup may reduce the occurrence of AOM by as much as 25%. [36] However, a study by Danhauer et al suggested that most parents are unaware that xylitol can prevent AOM and would be unlikely to use it in their preschool- and kindergarten-aged children. Nonetheless, the investigators, who employed an Internet questionnaire, did find that parents who were previously aware of xylitol as a preventive and who had children with a history of AOM would be more likely to give it to their youngsters. [37]
Tympanostomy tube placement decreases episodes of AOM. Ventilation has been used more frequently when evidence of MDRSP exists. In the author's practice, resistance is noted most frequently in infants and children aged 6-14 months who are in day care.
Tympanostomy tubes are also beneficial in children with recurrent AOM and coexistent reactive airway disease and should be considered when recurrent episodes of AOM destabilize control of other systemic conditions. Examples include alterations in seizure thresholds, otitic hydrocephalus, or control of diabetes. Similarly, early tympanostomy tube placement might be considered for children with sensorineural hearing loss, speech development abnormalities, or learning dysfunction to give the child a consistent hearing model.
Control of nasal inflammation in children, whether caused by an allergy or by recurrent infection, appears to decrease the recurrence of AOM. Trials are being conducted to determine the efficacy of topical nasal steroids for decreasing middle ear disease, in an attempt to confirm anecdotal information that supports this treatment modality.
Some of the risk factors for AOM (see Etiology) can be removed by such efforts as altering child care arrangements, providing a tobacco-free living space, and stopping bottle use in children older than 1 year.
In children with recurrent AOM, adenoidectomy has demonstrated efficacy. However, determining which children will benefit from this treatment modality is not yet possible. Few pediatric otolaryngologists recommend adenoidectomy initially over tympanostomy tube placement alone, unless coexistent nasal symptoms are present. The procedure might be considered for older children who require replacement of their tympanostomy tubes. As additional information on the role of biofilm in the nasopharynx becomes available, the selection of candidates for adenoidectomy with or without tube placement is likely to improve.
Reexamine patients within 48 hours if no evidence of decreasing acuity manifests, if symptoms become more severe, or if a complication becomes evident. Otherwise, follow-up care is normally scheduled 10-14 days after the acute event.
Persistent middle ear effusion should be expected at the initial follow-up visit; statistically, only 30% of patients show complete resolution. In the absence of acuity, further treatment is unwarranted, but the patient should be scheduled to return at intervals until the effusion resolves. The author often gives parents an "emergency prescription" to be filled if the child with fluid in the middle ear develops acute symptoms prior to the next scheduled visit. In addition to decreasing off-hours calls, this provides the parent with a sense of security.
In a study of 1208 children, aged 6-24 months, Grindler and colleagues concluded that the health-related quality of life in children with recurrent otitis media was significantly worse than it was in healthy youngsters. In addition, in children with recurrent otitis media, myringotomy tube placement was associated with increased quality-of-life scores. [38]
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Megged O, Abdulgany S, Bar-Meir M. Does Acute Otitis Media in the First Month of Life Increase the Risk for Recurrent Otitis?. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2018 Jan. 57 (1):89-92. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
King LM, Bartoces M, Hersh AL, Hicks LA, Fleming-Dutra KE. National Incidence of Pediatric Mastoiditis in the United States, 2000-2012: Creating a Baseline for Public Health Surveillance. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2018 Mar 27. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Marchisio P, Esposito S, Picca M, et al. Prospective evaluation of the aetiology of acute otitis media with spontaneous tympanic membrane perforation. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2017 Jan 19. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Pichichero ME, Almudevar A. Serum cytokine biomarkers accurately predict presence of acute otitis media infection and recovery caused by Haemophilus influenzae. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2016 Apr. 83:200-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Thomas JP, Berner R, Zahnert T, et al. Acute otitis media-a structured approach. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2014 Feb 28. 111(9):151-60. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Tahtinen PA, Laine MK, Ruohola A. Prognostic Factors for Treatment Failure in Acute Otitis Media. Pediatrics. 2017 Sep. 140 (3):[QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Basco WT. Predicting Treatment Failure in Kids With AOM. Medscape. 2017 Nov 27. [Full Text].
Boggs W. Antimicrobial Treatment of Acute Otitis Media Shortens Duration of Middle Ear Effusion. Medscape. May 9 2014. [Full Text].
Tapiainen T, Kujala T, Renko M, et al. Effect of Antimicrobial Treatment of Acute Otitis Media on the Daily Disappearance of Middle Ear Effusion: A Placebo-Controlled Trial. JAMA Pediatr. 2014 May 5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Barclay L. Postop Tympanostomy Tube Obstruction Common. Medscape Medical News. Jul 11 2014. [Full Text].
Conrad DE, Levi JR, Theroux ZA, et al. Risk Factors Associated With Postoperative Tympanostomy Tube Obstruction. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2014 Jul 10. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Fireman B, Black SB, Shinefield HR, et al. Impact of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on otitis media. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2003 Jan. 22(1):10-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Hasegawa J, Mori M, Showa S, et al. Pneumococcal vaccination reduced the risk of acute otitis media: a cohort study. Pediatr Int. 2015 Jan 23. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Tawfik KO, Ishman SL, Altaye M, Meinzen-Derr J, Choo DI. Pediatric Acute Otitis Media in the Era of Pneumococcal Vaccination. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2017 Mar 1. 194599817699599. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Frellick M. Vaccines Have Changed the Epidemiology of Acute Otitis Media. Medscape Medical News. 2017 Aug 7. [Full Text].
Kaur R, Morris M, Pichichero ME. Epidemiology of Acute Otitis Media in the Postpneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Era. Pediatrics. 2017 Aug 7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Teele DW, Klein JO, Rosner B. Epidemiology of otitis media during the first seven years of life in children in greater Boston: a prospective, cohort study. J Infect Dis. 1989 Jul. 160 (1):83-94. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Hong W, Peng D, Rivera M, Gu XX. Protection against nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae challenges by mucosal vaccination with a detoxified lipooligosaccharide conjugate in two chinchilla models. Microbes Infect. 2010 Jan. 12 (1):11-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Azarpazhooh A, Limeback H, Lawrence HP, Shah PS. Xylitol for preventing acute otitis media in children up to 12 years of age. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 Nov 9. 11:CD007095. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Danhauer JL, Johnson CE, Baker JA, et al. Will Parents Participate in and Comply with Programs and Regimens Using Xylitol for Preventing Acute Otitis Media in Their Children?. Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch. 2015 Feb 4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Grindler DJ, Blank SJ, Schulz KA, et al. Impact of otitis media severity on children's quality of life. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2014 Mar 13. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Barclay L. Pediatric ear infection: updated AAP treatment guidelines. Medscape Medical News. February 25, 2013. Available at http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/779817. Accessed: March 5, 2013.
[Guideline] Lieberthal AS, Carroll AE, Chonmaitree T, Ganiats TG, et al. The diagnosis and management of acute otitis media. Pediatrics. 2013 Mar. 131(3):e964-99. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
University of Michigan Health System (UMHS). Otitis media. April 2013. Available at http://www.med.umich.edu/1info/FHP/practiceguides/om.html.
[Guideline] Rosenfeld RM, Schwartz SR, Pynnonen MA, et al. Clinical practice guideline: Tympanostomy tubes in children. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2013 Jul. 149 (1 Suppl):S1-35. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Truffert E, Fournier Charrière E, Treluyer JM, Blanchet C, Cohen R, Gardini B, et al. Guidelines of the French Society of Otorhinolaryngology (SFORL): Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and pediatric ENT infections. Short version. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis. 2019 Sep. 136 (4):289-294. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Healthy tympanic membrane.
Tympanic membrane of a person with 12 hours of ear pain, slight tympanic membrane bulge, and slight meniscus of purulent effusion at bottom of tympanic membrane. Reproduced with permission from Isaacson G: The natural history of a treated episode of acute otitis media. Pediatrics. 1996; 98(5): 968-7.
Drawing of normal right tympanic membrane. Note outward curvature of pars tensa (*) of eardrum. Tympanic annulus is indicated anteriorly (a), inferiorly (i), and posteriorly (P). M = long process of malleus; I = incus; L = lateral (short) process of malleus.
John D Donaldson, MD, FRCSC, FACS Pediatric Otolaryngologist, Chief of Surgery, Galisano Children's Hospital, Lee Memorial Health System
John D Donaldson, MD, FRCSC, FACS is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American Society of Pediatric Otolaryngology, American Academy of Pediatrics, American College of Surgeons
Ted L Tewfik, MD Professor of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Professor of Pediatric Surgery, McGill University Faculty of Medicine; Senior Staff, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal General Hospital, and Royal Victoria Hospital
Ted L Tewfik, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Society of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Canadian Society of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery
Arlen D Meyers, MD, MBA Professor of Otolaryngology, Dentistry, and Engineering, University of Colorado School of Medicine
Arlen D Meyers, MD, MBA is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American Head and Neck Society
Disclosure: Serve(d) as a director, officer, partner, employee, advisor, consultant or trustee for: Cerescan; Ryte; Neosoma; MI10<br/>Received income in an amount equal to or greater than $250 from: Neosoma; Cyberionix (CYBX)<br/>Received ownership interest from Cerescan for consulting for: Neosoma, MI10.
John C Li, MD Private Practice in Otology and Neurotology; Medical Director, Balance Center
John C Li, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American College of Surgeons, American Medical Association, American Neurotology Society, American Tinnitus Association, Florida Medical Association, and North American Skull Base Society
Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference
Disclosure: Medscape Reference Salary Employment
encoded search term (Acute Otitis Media) and Acute Otitis Media
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Dec 16, 2022 This Week in Cardiology Podcast
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
May 26, 2019 Vodka 9 Comments
Real Intention and real intention (6)
Editor – Soju
Hiatus over. Vodka is back drunk translating.
This chapter is short, hm. Don't blame me. There are days like this.
I was now in front of a swing, that was now too small for me. I grabbed it and gave it a push. As it gained momentum, the rusty iron parts produced high-pitched sounds.
The painting was redone and at a glance, the swing seemed to be in good condition. However, it had been damaged at various places including the sitting plank. I could see that it had been long a plaything for children.
"I was forced to push both Shizuku and Kaede who were riding the swing"
"That was sudden", said Kirasaka.
It was tough since I had to keep on repeating that tedious task from morning till evening. My hands would become as heavy as lead and my sense of time became distorted. It was harsh.
"I told you that Shizuku used to be lively in the past, right? It's true. On holidays, Kaede and Shizuku would forcibly take me around with them everywhere"
"Looking at the present her, it's hard to imagine that" (Kirasaka)
"That's right……"
The current her couldn't be said to be much lively.
Rather, she was more the quiet type, if her surroundings permitted her so.
Next, I went towards the location of circular shaped rotating jungle gym. More bitter memories were starting to come back.
[TN – Hell, I actually had to google what a jungle gym was. A rotating jungle gym is……well, google 回転ジャングルジム]
"Shizuku made me ride this once and spun it for about an hour. Then I threw up"
"Are you an idiot?" (Kirasaka)
I had decided that never again in my life, was I going to be on board a rotating ride. It was a memory that had become a trauma.
It was impressive that my fear of rotating machines had won over the shame of throwing up in front of people.
"She was really different then, huh", said Kirasaka
"……If the environment changes, then people will change too"
The biggest changes in students happened during Middle school. During the transition from their innocent elementary school days to the pubescent middle school period, there would be a big change in their environment.
This could be when their true personalities and thought processes started taking shape.
Upon entering high school, the number of people who underwent a drastic change in the impression they gave off, were few.
If such a change did happen, then, it would either have been the phenomenon of a stereotypical high school debut, or something must have had happened to them which warranted the change.
I am thinking it must be one of those two.
In Shizuku's case, the once lively girl had become an obedient schoolgirl because of her surroundings in middle school.
"We had been commuting to the same school since we were elementary school students, but middle school was different. Once children had reached the age of puberty, they would be meeting many new students"
"Yes, that would indeed be the case if the elementary and middle schools were not combined. I was in a combined private school, so even when I had entered middle school, there wasn't much of a change" (Kirasaka)
"Shizuku and I were commuting to the local municipal school like everybody else, so there were only strangers around us"
It was spring, and the cherry blossoms were in full bloom. I sat down on a bench that had been built underneath a cherry blossom tree.
Now that I thought about it, I came here on the day of the entrance ceremony too.
If my memory served me right, that was the last time I had come here.
"Right from the day of the entrance ceremony, she became the target of attention of the male students. In elementary school, every year, it was the same people around us. The guys had known her for a long time, so they didn't make a fuss, but new classmates were a different issue"
"If it's her, there is nothing strange about that kind of situation"
It was as Kirasaka said. After all this time, there was nothing strange about that kind of situation. Since every day, I could see a similar spectacle of Shizuku being the target of attention of the boys.
"Suddenly being surrounded by male students in droves……she must have hated that. She had even said that it was scary once"
It was on the first day of the school entrance ceremony. We were walking in front of this park, when we saw splendidly blooming cherry blossom trees, so we decided to stop by. That was when she had muttered to me how she felt scared.
"Then, what did she do?"
"……As you know, she can basically do anything. She got along well with not only the boys, but also the girls. However, she wasn't the lively girl from the past anymore, who would always be in high spirits"
Also, that was when the time that Shizuku and I spent together had decreased. We wouldn't be playing with each other like in the past.
Since she was too perfect, the people around her wouldn't leave her alone.
Even now, nothing had changed. In our current school, she was still a vastly popular person.
The degree of her popularity was so much so that the male students would be delighted by just being able to talk to her.
However, since I had known her past innocent self, it seemed to me like she was wearing a mask. It might have been due to this, that I found it harder to approach her.
Kirasaka was listening to my story with deep interest. Then, seemingly having thought of something, she asked me this.
"So, that was when Shinra-Kun and Handsome-Kun started getting along with each other?"
"Well, ya"
It was like she said. At that time when Shizuku and I had stopped hanging out with each other, the person that had appeared in front of me was a male student who went by the name Ogiwara Yuuto.
Author – It had become a chapter of nostalgia.
← Hiatus
Draggador says:
Thanks for the chapter!
Btw, why are some words in bold? ("walking in front of this park, when we saw splendidly blooming")
oops my bad, those were in the edits. overlooked. must have been the vodka
Kazuma2015 says:
Thanks for tha chapter^^..
Welcome Back 0w0…
Reborn says:
Good to see you again ^^
Shinra Tensei says:
Thanks for the chapter! Just wanna say thanks for picking this up. Is there any type of release schedule?
You are welcome. Read the About page.
Titania says:
Taylor, the nostalgia chapter still continued
– this is so how MC would view the situation, lol
So, when Shizuku & Shinra stopped hanging out in middle school Smile Manufacturing Machine saw his chance to scoop our MC away from her. Though why he bothered with asking her out? So he could ask for more relationship advice?
Sorry, couldn't help throwing those satirical comments in for a chuckle.
Though SMM did snag Shinra as his bestie, even if not a fully reciprocated relationship.
Kinda like the impression getting about Shizuku dating Yuuto.
The discussion about which we've been waiting for how many chapters?
With this much build up maybe Smile Manufacturing Machine IS going to confess to Shinra?
It's not like he has a chance with Kirasaka.


Borussia Dortmund forward Marco Reus could be on his way to the Premier League in 2018, with Arsenal and Manchester United believed to be monitoring his long-term injury, according to Sport Bild.
The 28-year-old is yet to play a game for BVB this season, having ruptured his cruciate ligament in May, and won't make an appearance until 2018. Reus' last game for Dortmund was in the DFB-Pokal final on May 27, having come off at half-time due to the injury.
He's been unable to shake constant knee troubles for many years, and his long-term Dortmund future might be up in the air as a result. Reus' contract will be up in 2019 and it's unlikely he'll get a new deal unless the club are convinced of limiting his knee injuries.
The German international, who joined Borussia Dortmund from Borussia Monchengladbach in 2012, has made 189 appearances in all competitions, scoring and creating 150 goals. Reus spent half of last season out injured, featuring in just 17 Bundesliga games, which may put off Arsenal and Man Utd from making an approach.
However, both clubs could benefit from a prolific forward such as Reus. Arsenal are bracing themselves for the departure of Alexis Sanchez, whose contract is up in the summer. The Chilean is yet to engage in talks over an extension and a move in January or next summer looks in the offing as a result.
Reus would be an upgrade on the likes of Jesse Lingard and potentially Henrik Mkhitaryan, based on his form this season at Manchester United, so it perhaps wouldn't be a surprise to see the Red Devils keeping an eye on his rehabilitation.
Liverpool in a royal mess but is Klopp anyway close to fix it?


text:
Masato Sakurai (; * 25. September 1986 in der Präfektur Ibaraki) ist ein japanischer Fußballspieler.

Karriere
Sakurai erlernte das Fußballspielen in der Jugendmannschaft von Kashiwa Reysol und der Universitätsmannschaft der Tokoha-Universität. Seinen ersten Vertrag unterschrieb er 2009 bei Kataller Toyama. Der Verein spielte in der zweithöchsten Liga des Landes, der J2 League. Für den Verein absolvierte er 33 Ligaspiele. 2011 wechselte er zum Drittligisten Sagawa Printing. Ende 2011 beendete er seine Karriere als Fußballspieler.

Einzelnachweise

Fußballspieler (Kataller Toyama)
Japaner
Geboren 1986
Mann


text:
Pescas e aquicultura
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Action Plan for a Maritime Strategy in the Atlantic area
Adotados on 18/09/2013
NAT/614-EESC-2013-3961
COM(2013)279 final – 2013/00… COD
Mr Pariza Castaños (Workers - GR II / Spain)
Reunião plenária:
The EESC supports the Action Plan for a Maritime Strategy in the Atlantic area, which sets out priorities for research and investment in the region and provides considerable European added value in terms of boosting blue growth under the Europe 2020 strategy. Cooperation will develop within this strategic framework between authorities and social and economic operators in the Atlantic regions of the five Member States concerned: Ireland, the United Kingdom, France, Spain and Portugal.
Mayottes - specific provisions (C category)
COM(2013) 417 final -2013/0191 COD
Provisions on the European Funds – EMFF (category C)
Compliance with the rules of the common fisheries policy
COM(2013) 9 final -2013/0007 COD
Gabriel SARRÓ IPARRAGUIRRE (GRIII-ES) (Diversity Europe - GR III / Spain)
Apr 17, 2013 Apr 18, 2013
EESC Opinion: Cod stocks and fisheries exploiting these stocks/ Long-term plan
COM(2012) 498 final - 2012/0236 COD
Mr. Brendan BURNS (Employers - GR I / United Kingdom)
EESC Opinion: Fishery in the Baltic Sea (category C)
EESC Opinion: Technical and control measures in the Skagerrak (category C)
Nov 14, 2012 Nov 15, 2012
Opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee on the Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on certain technical and control measures in the Skagerrak and amending Regulation (EC) No 850/98 and Regulation (EC) No 1342/2008
COM(2012) 471 final - 2012/0232 (COD)
EESC Opinion: Measures for the recovery of the stock of European eel (category C)
Opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee on the Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Council Regulation (EC) No 1100/2007 establishing measures for the recovery of the stock of European eel
EESC Opinion: Conservation of fishery resources through technical measures for the protection of juveniles of marine organisms (category C)
Opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee on the proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Council Regulation (EC) No 850/98 concerning the conservation of fishery resources through technical measures for the protection of juveniles of marine organisms
EESC Opinion: Incidental catches of cetaceans in Fisheries (category C)
Opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee on the Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Council Regulation (EC) No 812/2004 laying down measures concerning incidental catches of cetaceans in fisheries and amending Regulation (EC) No 88/98
Secção Especializada de Agricultura, Desenvolvimento Rural e Ambiente (NAT)


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text:
Chapter 526 Faking Has Its Limits Too
Translator:Nyoi-Bo StudioEditor:Nyoi-Bo Studio
"Hehehe" Ai Lili looked at Zhao Yu, flashing an insane smile. There was a hint of creepiness in her voice, too. "Don't you want to know how Le Chao and I negotiated? Actually, we didn't negotiate, we just slept together!" Hehe"
"About six years ago, I had a short friendship with Le Chao, back in the capital. He had gone there to investigate a case, so we ran into each other. We clicked instantly. In fact, I think that he most likely had even thought about our old friendship, and had purposefully come to look for me!"
"Sigh Actually, after I gave the money to Le Chao, I had hoped that he was a liar, and that he could run away with the money, hehe" Ai Lili said in desolation, "I didn't even send anyone to check on his medical records or address. Besides sleeping with him, I didn't do anything else"
"Don't you want to know what I was thinking?" Ai Lili's face suddenly flickered with hatred. "I will tell you! I am just a woman, so what can I think? My husband was in a heavy stupor, and left me with a mess! My two so-called daughters treated me like the enemy. In fact, they were just dying to kick me out of the house! My brother-in-law even wanted to send a killer to kill me! So, which one of you cared one bit about my feelings, then?"
"Even if I had refused Le Chao's offer, Chen Bingxian would have just sent another Le Chao to kill me!" As she spoke, Ai Lili clenched her teeth. "As he sent people to kill me, why can't I frame him? If ithad been you, what would you have done, huh?!?!"
Ai Lili continued to roar, while everyone at the scene shook and quivered with fear.
"Haha Hahaha Chen, are you happy now?" Ai Lili turned around, mock talking to the dead body that was lying on the sickbed. "Your family has really officially broken up! Your daughters died! You died! Your brother and his wife are imprisoned! Are you happy now? Hahaha What's the point of having so much money, now? Hahaha'
Watching Ai Lili's emotions spiraling out of control, Zhao Yu quickly sent Zhang an eye signal. Zhang then responded by quickly handcuffing Ai Lili. When he was putting on the handcuffs, Ai Lili, who had been reduced to total despair, did not resist at all.
"Oh Who would have expected that the truth would be so crazy?" Su Jinmei nodded at Zhao Yu, then said, "Sifu, this was exactly the crime case, with a plot accompanied by a coincidence, that you were talking about! We had been focusing on the beneficiary, but forgot about the middleman that gave them the idea in the first place!"
She continued, very excited now. "And, Le Chao, he was really an amazing policeman, especially to be able to plot such a complicated stratagem! If he hadn't been discharged from his post, he would definitely be an outstanding police like sifu by now, right?"
"No!" Zhao Yu shook his head and said, "Regardless of a person's setbacks in life, they should never have a reason for killing someone else! Hence, with what Le Chao did, even if he hadn't discharged from his post, he is not worthy policeman!"
"Oh That does make sense, but"
Su Jinmei immediately wanted to ask Zhao Yu more, but Zhao Yu turned around to talk to Ai Lili instead. "Ai Lili, the same goes for you. If you were truly a good and kind person, it would have been useless for Le Chao to even give you a hundred ideas to do wrong! It's about who you are, that would totally have found another option!"
He continued his life lesson. "So, the outcome was due to the bad choice you made. You can't blame anyone else!" Zhao Yu said coldly. "And, I do not believe that you don't have nightmares about the two sisters' tragic deaths when you try to sleep at night!"
As if it was a prophecy being fulfilled, just when Zhao Yu said that, there was a rumble of thunder outside of the window. Everyone in the room was shaken by the thunder, Zhao Yu being no exception.
Ai Lili looked grieved, as she slumped on the ground. Very quickly, under the command of Zhang, several police detectives in uniform from the Ruyang Key Case Investigation Unit swarmed in. They then arrested the suspect Ai Lili, transporting her back to the police station.
Zhao Yu seized the chance to return the pen drive in his hands to Zhang. The moment that she saw the pen drive, Su Jinmei thought of her suspicions earlier. She quickly dragged Zhao Yu to the side to ask, "Sifu, hurry up and tell me, why did Ai Lili plead guilty the exact moment that she saw the pen drive? The pen drive belonged to Le Chao!"
"Hold on a second," Zhao Yu walked to a quiet corner near the stairs to make a call to Mister Ji Chunhua. "Mister Ji, I'm done on my end. You are done, too. You can let Lawyer Xu Qianmiao reveal himself now!"
"Mm I know. You helped me in a big way! I, Zhao Yu, swear that I will never steal your tea leaves anymore, okay? Hehehe"
After Zhao Yu hung up, Su Jinmei tugged playfully at his arms and complimented, "Sifu, you are so amazing!"
"Pfft, don't flatter me. I will become too proud!" Zhao Yu joked. Then, he told Su Jinmei the truth about the pen drive. "Actually, the pen drive was merely a trick to scare Ai Lili. I didn't expect that it would really be a lucky guess!"
"The truth is, I once thought that, in order to make Ai Lili believe that his plan would work, Le Chao must have given Ai Lili a copy of his video, which was pointing to Chen Bingxian's contracting him as a killer. And, Ai Lili would not destroy the evidence so easily, because once she was suspected by the police, she could protect herself with it!"
He continued to explain, "I then thought that, what if Le Chao saved the evidence in a pen drive, and the copy that he gave to Ai Lili was actually that same pen drive? So, I used the pen drive to con her, making Ai Lili think that I found the pen drive that she had hidden! Think about it this way… If we really did find the pen drive that Ai Lili hid, wouldn't it mean that Ai Lili and Le Chao were related? So Hehe"
"Wow" Su Jinmei gawked and complimented, "Sifu, I am so impressed! Only you could think of such a treacherous idea! But If Le Chao gave Ai Lili a CD, or any other pen drive? Wouldn't it be a blooper?"
"A blooper?" Zhao Yu laughed. "Don't forget, from the beginning till the end, did I ever mention that the pen drive was from Ai Lili?"
"Humph! If I couldn't fool her, I would have been talking about other things, like Ai Lili's fingerprints, or how Le Chao left some evidence of Ai Lili's giving him money. In short, I had to let Ai Lili be in constant fear and confusion, without giving her any chance to think straight! Otherwise, all of our efforts would been in vain!"
"Oh" Su Jinmei finally realized what he was saying. "So, why did you have to put in so much effort to fake a will? Was this just one of the measures that you took to knock down Ai Lili's mental defenses?"
"Someone had progressed!" Zhao Yu lifted Su Jinmei's chin and said, "However, this fake will was the most important factor in reducing Ai Lili to despair!"
"Wow! That's amazing!" Su Jinmei exclaimed, "To be honest, before this, I wa especially worried. I thought you wouldn't succeed! AndI worried that what we were doing was really immoral!"
"I really did not have any other ways to use!" Zhao Yu sighed. "Think about it this way… We did not have any evidence. Even if we could have proved that Le Chao's money was given to him by Ai Lili, if Ai Lili denied her guilt and would not admit her wrongdoing, even if she go to court in the future, we still wouldn't be able to charge her for her crime! She could say that the money was given to Le Chao because she pitied him. So, againI ask, what other ways did we have?"
"True." Su Jinmei nodded.
"Then, Zhao Yu suddenly thought about something that Miao Ying had said. He then said, "That's right. The way that we fake it till we make it is immoral. But, if Ai Lili were to have a clear conscience, it would not have worked, even if we faked things. That's how we never let any bad guys slip past us, nor do we treat a good guy unjustly! This principle helps us to operate within the justified limits of a true criminal investigator!


text:
Home » Granada looks East
Granada looks East
Frater, Patrick
Daily Variety;6/16/2006, Vol. 291 Issue 54, p6
The article reports on plans by Granada International, the foreign sales unit of ITV Worldwide, to open a new Asia office in Hong Kong, China, in 2006.
Syndication marketplace. // Broadcasting & Cable;6/20/94, Vol. 124 Issue 25, p20
Reports on developments in syndicated television shows. Negotiations for the canceled show `Vicki!' by Vicki Lawrence with two syndicators; Demise of `Acapulco Heat'; Tim Curry as star in `Superhuman Samurai Syber-Squad'; Additional supervising producers for `Extra--The Entertainment'.
NSS pocketpiece. // Broadcasting & Cable;7/17/95, Vol. 125 Issue 29, p23
Presents the viewership ratings of syndicated television shows in the United States for the week ending June 25, 1995.
Presents a list of the 15 top-rating syndicated television programs in the United States for the period ending May 12, 1996 released by Nielsen Media Research.
Lists Nielsen's top syndicated television programs in the United States for the week ending on August 11, 1996.
Arnold's determinator of which shows thrive. Dempsey, John // Daily Variety;8/22/2003, Vol. 280 Issue 36, p15
Reports on Nielsen ratings recorded by syndicated television programs in the United States during the week of August 4 to 10, 2003. Ratings boost that entertainment shows got from Arnold Schwarzenegger's announcement on television that he was running for governor of California; Decline in the...
Ad revs steady on syndie strength. Dempsey, John // Daily Variety;11/21/2003, Vol. 281 Issue 36, p47
Reports on the increase in the advertising revenues of television syndication in the U.S. Figures compiled by the Television Bureau of Advertising from estimates supplied by CMR MediaWatch; Top advertisers in local broadcast.
'ElimiDate' rates for syndication. Grego, Melissa // Daily Variety;06/11/2001, Vol. 272 Issue 6, p10
Reports that United States-based Telepictures plans to syndicate the television program 'ElimiDate' as of June 11, 2001. Background on the program; Details of the syndication strategy for the program.
'SHIPMATES' SKEIN CLEARS DOCKS. Grego, Melissa // Daily Variety;7/23/2001, Vol. 272 Issue 35, p11
Reports on Columbia TriStar TV Distribution's syndication of the television program 'Shipmates.'
There are games afoot. Littleton, Cynthia // Broadcasting & Cable;11/27/95, Vol. 125 Issue 48, p46
Reports on syndicators' efforts to revive the popularity of game shows in the United States' syndicated television market. Disastrous performance of the genre during the 1990 to 1991 season; Development of new game shows targeted at young viewers; King World Productions' `Planet Hollywood...
'Seinfeld's' run hurt by sun, switch. Grego, Melissa // Daily Variety;04/27/2001, Vol. 271 Issue 42, p5
Focuses on decline of ratings for 'Seinfeld' repeats in broadcast syndication in the United States for the week ended April 15, 2001. Situation comedy's season-to-date average ratings; Daylight-saving time; Switch of stations in several markets.


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Click on DOI or URL just below the title to access the paper, or go here. Archived issues can be found here.
Humans to Blame for Higher Drought Risk in Some Regions.That was the headline introducing Susan Stanley's story in the AGU Buzz Newsletter yesterday. She then succinctly described the findings in a paper by H. Douville and M. Plazzotta: Midlatitude Summer Drying: An Underestimated Threat in CMIP5 Models?, Geophysical Research Letters 44, 9967–9975. (DOI: 10.1002/2017GL075353).
Early assessments of the hydrological impacts of global warming suggested both an intensification of the global water cycle and an expansion of dry areas. Yet these alarming conclusions were challenged by a number of latter studies emphasizing the lack of evidence in observations and historical simulations, as well as the large uncertainties in climate projections from the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). Here several aridity indices and a two-tier attribution strategy are used to demonstrate that a summer midlatitude drying has recently emerged over the northern continents, which is mainly attributable to anthropogenic climate change. This emerging signal is shown to be the harbinger of a long-term drying in the CMIP5 projections. Linear trends in the observed aridity indices can therefore be used as observational constraints and suggest that the projected midlatitude summer drying was underestimated by most CMIP5 models. Mitigating global warming therefore remains a priority to avoid dangerous impacts on global water and food security.
What will be the consequence of global warming on regional soil moisture at the end of the 21st century? The response found in the fifth Assessment Report (AR5) of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change is blurred by many uncertainties, even when the focus is on a single business-as-usual scenario for the projected concentrations of greenhouse gases. Such a confusion is dominated by climate model uncertainties on the long term but might be also due to internal climate variability on the near term. Here we use a detection-attribution methodology to demonstrate that recent trends in soil moisture and in near-surface relative humidity averaged over the boreal midlatitude continents in summer have been mainly driven by human activities. Then we show that there is a fairly strong relationship between the near-term versus long-term aridity response among a set of 20 climate models, thereby supporting the limited influence of internal climate variability on near-term variability. Finally, we use this emergent relationship to constrain the long-term model response with the recent trends estimated from the observations and find that the projected long-term drying was probably underestimated by most global climate models explored in the AR5.
This week's water book: Participation for Effective Environmental Governance: Evidence from European Water Framework Directive Implementation, edited by Elisa Kochskämper, Edward Challies, Nicolas W. Jager and Jens Newig.
Does participatory governance benefit the environment? The European Water Framework Directive (WFD), which came into force in 2000 with the aim of revolutionizing European water governance, mandates participatory river basin management planning across the European Union. The belief of European policymakers and the European Commission is that participation will deliver better policy outputs and implementation. This book examines a range of approaches to participatory river basin management planning, and considers whether and how participation impacted on the environmental standard of planning documents, quality of implementation, and social outcomes.
It draws on evidence from WFD implementation in eight case studies from Germany, Spain and the United Kingdom on the basis of a matched comparative case study design. The Directive sets common timeframes and procedural requirements, which provides a perfect test-bed and unique opportunity to study the effects of participation on implementation and outcomes in comparative perspective.
Looks good, but rather pricey.
Hangovers? Who knew? tnx @raulpacheco Menudo is a very spicy broth that accompanies shredded cow stomach (though I know people who make it vegan). Great for hangovers.
Jim Thebaut's Film 'Beyond the Brink' - Coming on Earth Day 2018!
Jim Thebaut, he of the Running Dry film franchise and one of the founders of The Chronicles Group. I had not heard from Jim since I attended and spoke at his water meeting at the UN in New York in September 2011.
He told me of his latest project - looking at the California drought and the food resources of the San Joaquin Valley. Jim waxed enthusiastically about the project (as he is wont to do) and asked me if I could help him out. I told him that I would do what I could but that I did not have the time to devote to the project.
I had forgotten about that call and Jim's project until I met old friend Erik Webb of Sandia National Labs at the AWRA Conference last month. Erik and I sat down to a delightful three-hour dinner one night to catch up. He knows Jim well and had worked with him. I asked him about Jim's project I expected to hear that it a work in progress or had fallen by the wayside. That thought arose from the simple fact that I had not heard anything about the work. He told me that Jim had finished the film - Beyond the Brink - and that he not only had seen it, but also had a part in it.
"Beyond the Brink" is the latest in The Chronicles Group's series of documentaries dealing with public policy and national security issues. These include: "Running Dry" (2005), "The American Southwest: Are We Running Dry?" (2008) and "The Cold War and Beyond" (2003). "Running Dry" was the foundation and genesis for the 2005 Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act and 2014 Water for the World Act.
"Beyond the Brink" focuses on California's San Joaquin Valley and the ever-increasing difficulties for farmers and the local produce industry due to draught and water scarcity. The San Joaquin Valley is representative of a global crisis due to dwindling sources of agriculture around the planet. As these agricultural "food baskets" become increasingly unable to produce for its dramatically growing population, the critical ramifications on the social fabric and our national security become obvious.
Like Thebaut's previous two films, "Beyond the Brink" examines a multitude of solutions and technologies currently being formulated, invented and utilized in modern day agriculture.
Listen to Jim's podcast on 'Food, Water and National Security': click here.
The film's site says that the film will be shown at various venues in 2018 and to check back periodically. I will try to keep you informed. I definitely want to see it.
Note: Jim just called to say that it will be released globally on Earth Day, 22 April 2018.
My late father and I could both relate to this paper. He was an historian, an educator, of Italian (Neapolitan, not Sicilian) heritage who would find this paper as fascinating as I do.
The paper is titled Weak States: Causes and Consequences of the Sicilian Mafia, by Daron Acemoglu, Giuseppe De Feo, and Giacomo De Luca, NBER Working Paper No. 24115 (December 2017).
We document that the spread of the Mafia in Sicily at the end of the 19th century was in part shaped by the rise of socialist Peasant Fasci organizations. In an environment with weak state presence, this socialist threat triggered landholders, estate managers and local politicians to turn to the Mafia to resist and combat peasant demands. We show that the location of the Peasant Fasci is significantly affected by an exceptionally severe drought in 1893, and using information on rainfall, we establish the causal effect of the Peasant Fasci on the location of the Mafia in 1900. We provide extensive evidence that rainfall before and after this critical period has no effect on the spread of the Mafia or various economic and political outcomes. In the second part of the paper, we use the source of variation in the location of the Mafia in 1900 to estimate its medium-term and long-term effects. We find significant and quantitatively large negative impacts of the Mafia on literacy and various public goods in the 1910s and 20s. We also show a sizable impact of the Mafia on political competition, which could be one of the channels via which it affected local economic outcomes. We document negative effects of the Mafia on longer-term outcomes (in the 1960s, 70s and 80s) as well, but these are in general weaker and often only marginally significant. One exception is its persistent and strong impact on political competition.
The authors note that this is a work in progress and that comments are welcomed.
Thanks to John Fleck for distributing this.


text:
Sports communication is an aspect of communication studies that specializes in the study of communication in a sports setting. The management of communication in sports organizations has changed towards greater professionalization, applying and exploiting technological innovations.

It encompasses the study of interpersonal and organizational communication (both verbal and non-verbal) between participants within a sport (e.g. players, coaches, managers, referees, and trainers), fans, and the media; and the way that sports are represented and communicated in the media. Sports communication is not restricted to professionals only, it is something that happens at different levels of play, ranging from preschool to college level. Communication happens constantly in sport, and works best with people that are willing to work well as a team and is vital for the success of a program. Studies have found that communication in sport can be both positive and negative due to evidence supporting a connection between communication and cohesion.

Organizational Communication
Organizational Communication in Sport includes intra- and interorganizational communication.  Through organizational communication it is looked at an importance for coaches to motivate employees, encourage the involvement from workers, have self motivation, be good at problem solving, having a direct interpersonal style and being a good listener.

Interpersonal Communication
Interpersonal communication in sport involves intrapersonal, interpersonal, and small-group communication. One type of interpersonal communication that happens in sport is between players and coaches. The way a coach communicates with their players can have an impact on the performance level of the player. Players are able to pick up on cues from their coaches when they are stressed, which can negatively affect the players performance and development.

Careers

Photo Journalism
The various occupations that make up the field of sport communication typically involve some aspect of covering, delivering, publicizing, financing, or even shaping sport. Photos are also a big job in the field of sports communication. Photos of athletes are becoming more and more common in the sports communication area. People that love sports like having the picture either on their wall or on the background or even just having them. Photographers will also get live action shots to make people get the real action of the game. Professionals in sport communication craft and send messages in various ways, and they may alter their modes of communication depending on the nature of their position as well as audience needs and desires. Photography is used to project a feeling for a viewer to control and give an emotion. This focuses on the challenges photojournalists face in this industry. It describes the struggle they face with selective access to sporting because of commercial licensing and image rights. Although positions in sport communication vary in both nature (e.g., management, publicity, writing) and scope (e.g., traditional print, television, radio, online), the various career paths in the field all hinge on the ability to communicate with key audiences. These audiences also vary, depending on the type of sport entity in question, but they generally consist of whatever constituencies are deemed most valuable to the organization. Key audiences may include fans, members of the public, politicians, owners and investors, athletes, and even members of the media.
Sports marketers help communicate information about a sports event or help market products through different types of promotion. One promotion is social media. People post on social media about games, new players, new coaches and a ton other things related to their team. Education careers in usage of communication can be found in sports administrative degrees and the professors of those degrees. Sports communication can be considered linguistic but other types of communicating, such as body movement and other mannerisms can be formally taught through professors or educators. Administrative communication in the sports area can be considered vital in the success of programs and the progress of the student. Sports administration can often lead into the roles of other professions such as broadcasting and marketing.
 Agents and Business Managers of Artists, Performers, and Athletes.
 Communications Teachers, Postsecondary.
Career Topics

Other fields of sport communication that are easily forgotten or not noticed, are fields in entertainment. Careers in the entertainment industry include the following careers such as video games, movies, music, and nontraditional aspects in the field.

In fact, some of the best opportunities in sport communication involve behind-the-scenes occupations, many of which exist in the production and operations sides of the industry. Examples include equipment technician, audio engineer, sport videographer, graphic designer, and technical writer. Some sport arena and stadium jobs can be electronic technician, master control operator, public address announcer, and video engineer.

Careers in Entertainment

Movies and TV shows are examples of communication through sports. Sports documentaries show the significance of the historic events in the past. Shows like 30 for 30 by ESPN allow the receiver of the show to connect to the show. The show can inform and empower the audience. Therefore, there are many different job opportunities in film that can help the audience communicate through sports and to show how we can communicate through sports.

Entertainers and Performers, Sports and Related Workers, All Others.
 Public Relations Specialists.
 Radio and Television Announcers.
 Reporters and Correspondents.
Sports communication is an aspect of communication studies that specializes in the study of communication in a sports setting. Communication has become "a key factor for the efficient management of sports organizations, leading to the implementation of increasingly
professionalized communication processes". The communication
offices of sports formations have become more professionalized, allowing them to interact with their target audiences without needing traditional media. Therefore,
they have been one of the fastest growing departments, given their work in
social networks, internet and institutional event management. Corporate communication allows sport entities to create and disseminate
their own identity.

It encompasses the study of interpersonal and organizational communication (both verbal and non-verbal) between participants within a sport (e.g. players, coaches, managers, referees, and trainers), fans, and the media; and the way that sports are represented and communicated in the media. Sports communication is not restricted to professionals only, it is something that happens at different levels of play, ranging from preschool to college level. Communication happens constantly in sport, and works best with people that are willing to work well as a team and is vital for the success of a program. Studies have found that communication in sport can be both positive and negative due to evidence supporting a connection between communication and cohesion.

Non-Verbal Communication

An aspect of communication in sports is non-verbal communication. Non-verbal communication is when two or more people express communication using anything besides words. This can be facial movements, reading posture, eye contact, or the tone of one's voice. Participants in sports use and examine non-verbal communication when verbal communication cannot be used. Players and teams use the aspects of non-verbal communication to connect coordination and helps share information or upcoming tactics. Effective non-verbal communication uses only needed movement and not excessive movement which can decrease effectiveness of the non-verbal communication and coordination of the team.

Opportunities

Sports create a context for positive communication and pro-social behaviors that often occur off of the field or court. For example, many athletes speak in public to children or act as motivational speakers. In tough situations, such as the aftermath of natural disasters, well-known athletes can lift the moral of an affected community.  Sports writer Lars Anderson wrote in his book The Storm and The Tide about how sports helped bring a town together after a disastrous tornado. Also, the situation and community coming together affected the college sports team at The University of Alabama. Sports communication theories allow for the prediction of many facets of communication such as gender, race, identity, culture, and politics.

Sports communication varies vastly between individual sports and plays an important role in the success of teams and organizations. A good example of sports communication and its effects on players, organizations, and media was the well-documented conflict involving two players for the Miami Dolphins. Inappropriate, discriminatory, and abusive interactions between Richie Incognito and Jonathan Martin lead to the release of Richie from the team, organizational issues, and an abundance of media coverage both negative and positive. Another example of sport communication is the recent "deflategate" scandal involving the New England Patriots apparently deflating the footballs during half-time of the AFC Championship game against the Indianapolis Colts. Head coach Bill Belichick claims that any wrongdoing was done by the team's equipment manager and ball boy, and no communication had occurred between them two at any point in the game. This reflects sports communication because it is an example of a lack of communication between an inferior member of an organization and the head coach, which eventually led to a wide spread and highly publicized scandal which could've jeopardized the Patriots' participation in the Super Bowl.

Connections
Sports communication also focuses on the interpersonal communications between coaches, players, referees, athletic trainers and more people who work for the team. People will ask them questions either about a player, team, someone who is injured and give a report back to their network for them to publish an article about them. Also photography is growing during this new and upcoming of careers. Most people need photographers to take pictures of players for either magazines, and their social media page. Most of the photographs are also doing their job for people who are fans of sports teams to hang pictures on their wall. They even are on "Rookie Cards" that can be traded for big money.

References

Pedersen, Paul; Miloch, Kimberly S.; Laucella, Pamela C. (2007). Strategic Sport Communication. Human Kinetics.
Abeza, Gashaw; O'Riley, Norm; Nadeau, John (September 1, 2014). "Sport Communication: A Multidimensional Assessment of the Field's Development". International Journal of Sport Communication.
Pedersen, Paul M., Pamela C. Laucella, Kian Edward (Ted) M., and Andrea N. Geurin. "Careers in Sport Communication." Strategic Sport Communication. Human Kinetics, 2021. Print.
Further reading
Brown, Robert S. (2003). Case Studies in Sport Communication. Greenwood Publishing Group.
Weinberg, Robert S. and Goujiel (2010). Foundations of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 5th edition. Human Kinetics.

External links
Effective Communication in Sports on livestrong.com

Communication
Sports science