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How States Are Trying to Better Understand the Nuances of Pandemic Data
by Trevor Branch | Feb 1, 2022 | Healthcare
Despite the best efforts of various agencies and government officials, accurately plotting data from emerging COVID-19 infections remains a much more challenging task than anticipated. On top of home-test kits and asymptomatic individuals making it difficult to identify the true number of active infections, the lack of more explicit reporting guidelines has provided little insight into how COVID-19 is actually affecting overall public health.
In order to establish more transparency on the effects of COVID-19 and its variants (Omicron in particular), some states are now implementing new reporting guidelines to differentiate between the level of severity in hospital-admitted infections. Officials hope that these changes will provide the data necessary for enabling more informed decision-making.
Distinguishing primary cases from incidental ones
One issue states have had in understanding the level of COVID hospitalizations is understanding which patients are hospitalized for COVID as opposed to those patients who are hospitalized with COVID. To better understand the data, the state of Massachusetts recently rolled out new guidelines for reporting COVID-related hospitalizations.
With the new guidelines, COVID-positive patients will now be reported based on their reason for hospitalization as opposed to being grouped together under one category. Hospitalizations will now be reported as either "primary" or "incidental" based on whether the patient is given dexamethasone, an anti-inflammatory steroid used to treat the majority of hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
Prior to the guidelines, it was difficult to accurately evaluate the severity of the Omicron variant. "A significant number of my COVID patients fell into 2 buckets: mild symptoms & discharged OR were admitted for non-COVID reasons BUT tested positive for COVID (all admitted patients are tested)," Tweeted State Rep. Jon Santiago, an emergency room doctor at Boston Medical Center. "The fact that many patients weren't primarily admitted FOR COVID but rather for other medical issues should add nuance to the "COVID hospitalization" numbers."
According to data released by the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, primary and incidental hospitalizations reported using the new guidelines are split nearly-even as of the end of January.
The significance of detail
Although this won't change how hospital beds or other resources are allocated, the new guidelines will provide some much-needed insight into how Omicron (and COVID in general) is influencing the overall public health.
According to Santiago, the large volume of incidental hospitalizations demonstrates that the vaccine is actually working as intended. "Recall that the vaccine's primary goal was to prevent severe disease – not prevent transmission. Most of us are bound to get COVID but the majority of people will escape severe consequences."
Massachusetts's new reporting strategy illustrates the value of implementing detail-oriented approaches in addressing the pandemic. Pandemics are never black and white, and most countries are now at a stage where minor nuances in the data can play a major role in how officials and scientists respond to new outbreaks and potential hospitalizations.
However, hospitalization records only go so far. Unreported at-home test kits and asymptomatic individuals make it impossible to gauge the actual scale of recent outbreaks. Currently, citizens aren't required to report positive at-home test results, and with the Biden administration's recent approval of free at-home COVID tests, the number of unreported infections is only going to grow. The administration's decision is due in part to their shift in focus from reporting overall cases to just reporting COVID-induced hospitalizations.
Analytics and COVID-19
Proper data governance and analysis remains our best method of understanding COVID-19 (and its variants) and how to properly respond in the event of future outbreaks. To learn more about how data analytics is being used in fighting the COVID-19 pandemic, check out our white paper, "Population Health and Data Reporting Strategies in the Era of COVID-19."
Trevor Branch
Trevor is a marketing manager at Dimensional Insight who specializes primarily in how businesses can employ data analytics to realize long-term goals within the beverage alcohol and cannabis industries.
Latest posts by Trevor Branch (see all)
5 Cannabis Industry Trends You Have to Watch in 2023 - January 25, 2023
Top 5 Trends Impacting the Wine & Spirits Industry in 2023 - January 17, 2023
Top 5 Blog Posts of 2022 - December 29, 2022
The Right Analytics Solution Involves More Than Data Alone
by John Sucich | Jan 9, 2023 | Healthcare
Data analytics tools are wonderful when they are used appropriately. But they shouldn't be used to tell the complete story of an organization. In...
Healthcare Applications Dashboards: Patterns for Exposing Data
by Gabrielle Amarosa | Dec 8, 2022 | Healthcare
On the healthcare applications team, we have developed standard Measure Factory applications for visualizing, analyzing, and understanding data. In...


Bitcoin Core 0.13.0 is released on 2016/08/23. The next point release 0.13.1 will probably include the segregated witness softfork activation logic, among other bugfixes and optimizations.
There's a lot of pull request tagged for 0.13.1. Wumpus wonders if there are any that should be prioritized for review as some of them conflict. PR#8393 (Support for compact blocks together with segwit) is a blocker as well as a solution for the DoS issues talked about in the 2016/08/04 and 2016/08/25 meeting. Sipa is not comfortable with the previous suggestion of fully validating everything. Luke-jr and sdaftuar like the approach of the rejection cache using the witness hash instead of txid, however this requires redoing transaction relay which is a big change and has some complications like duplicating several indexes. Most people like the idea of making the feefilter mandatory, although it's not as much of a silver bullet as some other solutions. Sipa wonders if everyone is fine with doing rejection cache only for non-witness, and heuristics for detecting invalid witness bloating for the most common transaction types, for example checking whether the witness program's embedded script hash matches the hash of the witness script. Luke-jr thinks a mandatory feefilter will likely cause issues with diverging fee policies and ancestor feerate (Child-Pays-For-Parent), gmaxwell notes CPFP relay is already inhibited to the maximum extent that it could be by feefilter in the current form; mandatory feefilter won't make it worse.
BlueMatt wonders if the feefilter isn't de-anonymizing and whether we should round/randomize the amount somewhat. Gmaxwell explains it's already doing that, but we can't guarantee that a single node with multiple interfaces can't be distinguished as the same node, as there are several other ways to do this.
Jeremyrubin mentions his Checkqueue Lockfree is passing tests and would like to hear what people like to see, for it to merge. BlueMatt notes this brings a performance improvement of 10-20% to checkqueue.
Gmaxwell likes to see PR #8594 (Do not add random inbound peers to addrman) backported to 0.13.1.
This topic needs revisiting as jl2012 discovered that low_s has a really strange implementation issue leaked into the semantics, which is not an issue for standardness, but for consensus we should prefer clean semantics. This can be achieved by doing the 'only-empty-signature-in-invalid-checksig' softfork as well. Sipa proposes to do the low_s softfork later with the empty sig rule, and only bundle nulldummy with segwit.
BlueMatt      but can be OP_NOT'd, no?
BlueMatt      sure, but /has/ anyone ever done so?
sipa          petertodd: have you done that?
gmaxwell      sleeps for now sound fine to me. We could all use more sleep.


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Tips: the soft rubber can be washed. Rinse it with warm water and place it in a dry environment to dry naturally.
1 x Sucking Disc Magnetic Smartphone Holder.


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Highlights From Under the Gold Dome: Week Three
After taking all of last week to consider budget proposals, the Senate returned to its usual work with assigning legislation to committees and a number of those committees meeting for the first time to adopt their committee rules for the 2023 Legislative Session.
On Wednesday, we had the pleasure
Newsbreak | Jeff Raiford | 29 January 2023 | 09:52
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MacGregor and Meredith Are VHS STARS
Vidalia High School's Seth MacGregor was honored Tuesday night as the systems STAR Student. MacGregor, a senior at Vidalia High School, chose Grey Meredith as his STAR Teacher. The duo was honored with other STAR recipients in a ceremony at Toombs County High School, which was presented by the
Crumpler Receives STC Instructor of the Year Recognition
Larry Calhoun, President, STC, and Michael Crumpler, Rick Perkins Award of Excellence reipient
Being nominated for the Rick Perkins Award for Excellence isn't something new for Welding Instructor Michael Crumpler, nor is receiving it. But for the Instructor of the Year at Southeastern Technical
Newsbreak | Kathy Hilt | 26 January 2023 | 15:01
Vidalia to Resume Recycling February 2nd
The City of Vidalia along with Republic Services has created a video that provides information regarding what items can and cannot be placed in recycling carts. Please visit the following link to see the video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nGwDSPCCxSM
Items that CAN be placed in the recycle
Waller is STAR Student for TCHS
Congratulations to Alli Waller for being named the 2023 PAGE STAR Student for Toombs County High School!
The Student Teacher Achievement Recognition (STAR) program honors Georgia's highest achieving high school seniors and the teachers who have been most instrumental in their academic development.
Paradice Reaching Her "GOAL"
Elizabeth Paradice, GOAL Winner and Larry Calhoun, President of Southeastern Technical College
The Georgia Occupational Award of Leadership, or GOAL nominees at Southeastern Technical College were recognized Tuesday evening and it is a Business Management student who will represent STC on the state
RTCA Recognizes STAR Student
Robert Toombs Christian Academy Senior Kate Kennedy has been named the school's 2023 PAGE STAR Student. Kate selected Mr. Thomas Barfield as her STAR Teacher. Kate earned this recognition for her performance on the SAT and her academic achievements. Kate will be attending Clemson University and major
Area Police Blotter
Vidalia Police Department reports the following arrests.
Phillips, Dillon Ray - Vidalia - Theft by shoplifting/criminal trespass
Middleton, Eddie Remon - Vidalia - DUI
Davis, Chris Mitchell – Lyons – Bench warrant (Vidalia)
Ricks, Monica – Vidalia – Warrant served
Pickle, Jessica Deanna – Vidalia –
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GSP Investigating Single Vehicle Death
A single vehicle accident in Toombs County may have claimed the life of a woman this week as she was performing her duties as a hospice Certified Nursing Assistant.
Around 3:13 Monday afternoon, Toombs County 911 Dispatch received a call about a single car accident on Cedar Crossing/Vidalia Road
Read More Newsbreaks
Sportsbreak
Men's Basketball Outlasted by No. 16 Eagles in 59-48 Loss
MOUNT VERNON, Ga. – Brewton-Parker men's basketball took on a challenging No. 16-ranked Faulkner (Ala.) team on Thursday night in Gillis Gymnasium.
The Barons (5-16, 3-10 SSAC) fell to the Eagles (19-3, 11-3 SSAC) in a low-scoring affair, 59-48.
How It Happened | 1st Half
Brewton-Parker opened
Sportsbreak | Bob Roberts | 27 January 2023 | 09:07
Toombs County MatDawgs Finish 3rd in State at AA Boys Team Wrestling Duals
The MatDawgs ended the dual portion of their season as they traveled to Jeff Davis High School to compete in the State Dual Championships. This was the first trip to the State Duals since 2020 and their best finish since 2019. The MatDawgs started the day posting a 37-30 win over Model in the
Women's Basketball Keeps (RV) Eagles Grounded in 71-46 Win
MOUNT VERNON, Ga. – Brewton-Parker women's basketball continues to roll in 2023 as the Lady Barons (16-5, 8-4 SSAC) grounded (RV) Faulkner (Ala.) in the SSAC Game of the Week on Thursday night.
BPC defeated the Eagles (17-5, 9-3 SSAC) in a convincing 71-46 victory to extend the Lady Barons'
TCMS Wrestlers Win Area
The Toombs County Middle School MatDawgs took the mats this Tuesday as they hosted the Middle School All-Area Tournament. This tournament marks their final competition for the 2022-2023 season and they ended on top. In a year of growth for the middle school program, the Middle School MatDawgs
Toombs County Bass Fishing Team Members Compete at First Tournament of the Year
Toombs County Bass Team members Gracie Landrum and Ben Bailey recently competed in the GHSA Qualifying Tournament at Lake Seminole with over 250 other high school teams. Gracie and Ben had to deal with less than ideal conditions such as rain and cold temperatures and were unable to land a legal
Indians Take Two From Pierce County
The Vidalia Indians swept the Pierce County Bears Tuesday night in a pair of region games at the Parsons-Reid Gymnasium.
Jayon Coleman and Cori Mincey led the Indians past the Bears by the score of 59-41. Coleman tallied 20 points and Mincey added 19. The Indians were relentless on defense
Toombs County Esports Breaks Barriers
The Toombs County High School Esports team has added a new member to their team, and she's a dual-threat athlete that is sure to make a big impact. Sydney Smith, a junior at Toombs County High School, has joined the esports team while also being a member of the Bulldogs cheerleading squad.
Smith,
McRae Earns SSAC Player of the Week Honors
MONTGOMERY, Ala. – Brewton-Parker women's basketball student-athlete Angel McRae has been named the SSAC Women's Basketball Player of the Week for her stellar performance for the week.
The Homerville, Georgia native earns her second career honor and the first this season.
McRae opened the week
MGMSAA Region Wrestling Championship
The J.R. Trippe Wrestling Team competed in the Middle Georgia Middle School Athletic Association (MGMSAA) Region Wrestling Championship on Thursday, January 19, at Vidalia High School. The Chiefs had an outstanding showing on the mat and came away with second place as a team behind West Laurens
Read More Sportsbreak
DVA Coffee Before Hours
Community Event | Jeff Raiford | 27 January 2023 | 13:56
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Get Your Tickets for "Tales from the Altamaha"
Community Event | Kathy Hilt | 27 January 2023 | 10:38
DVA Chocolate Walk
Savor Vidalia
VHS Track Fun Run, February 25th!!
The Vidalia High School Track Teams will sponsor a 1-mile Fun Run on Saturday, February 25th, at Vidalia High School. The 1-mile run will begin at 9:00 AM and is open to anyone who would like to participate.
Registration for the event can be found HERE , or you can register the day of the event,
Community Event | Bob Roberts | 23 January 2023 | 15:01
14th Annaul "Spayghetti" Dinner for Local Rescue
Greater Vidalia Chamber Ribbon Cutting
Greater Vidalia Chamber Annual Meeting
Vidalia Recreation Dept Registration
Read More Community Calendar
On Wednesday, we had the pleasure of hearing from Governor Brian Kemp as he delivered his State of the State Address, previewing his legislative and budgetary priorities for the 2023 Legislative Session. Each year provides its unique set of challenges but recently, the budget process has been difficult due to the state-wide economic impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Despite those trying times, Georgia continues to prevail as our economy remains strong. However, despite those trying times, under Governor Kemp's leadership, Georgia continues to remain a force to be reckoned with economically. Below I have outlined a few highlights from the Governor's address:
The Governor's proposed budget includes appropriating an additional $1.9 billion to education to fully fund the QBE formula. When Governor Kemp first ran for office, he promised to raise teacher pay by $5,000. Because that pledge has been fully delivered, the Governor proposes an additional $2,000 to be appropriated for yet another teacher pay raise. It is imperative that we continue to recognize our teachers for their hard work as they are the most impactful elements of Georgia's workforce.
In regards to healthcare, there are 67 counties with less than 10 physicians in the state of Georgia. The need for more healthcare professionals is unprecedented. I am pleased to report that Governor Kemp's budget proposal includes over $4.5 million to fund loan repayment programs to grow the number of healthcare workers in our state. Governor Kemp is also calling for 102 residency slots through an investment of $1.7 million, which will exceed the initial goal number of this program. This is an area of discussion I do not take lightly and I am fully supportive of these proposals so that we can get to work providing the highest level of healthcare services to Georgians.
Perhaps the most significant event of the week occurred on Thursday, Lt. Governor Burt Jones along with the Senate Majority Caucus, outlined our legislative priorities for the 2023 Legislative Session. Majority Leader Sen. Steve Gooch (R – Dahlonega) introduced a number priorities for this legislative session. The priorities are as follows:
Bolstering opportunity and innovation in Georgia's economy through conducting a prudent income tax reform and tax credit review by supporting the implementation of new taxpayer and homeowner relief initiatives, and laying the groundwork for the continued electrification of transportation.
Cultivating an educated workforce by establishing a Senate-led effort to improve literacy rates in line with graduation rates, implementing learning loss grants, and reviewing degree requirements for state employment.
Creating safer communities through enhanced school safety legislation by establishing serious penalties for the recruitment of minors for gang activity, and creating aggressive bail bond reform for violent offenses.
Supporting the health and well-being of families and at-risk youth through the expansion of telehealth services for rural and underserved communities, increasing support for foster families and children, and extending benefits for income-eligible expectant mothers.
While the physical legislation for the Senate Majority Caucus' legislative priorities has yet to be dropped in the Senate Hopper, we have been working on the ideas behind them for some time. I look forward to working with the bill sponsors to continue to perfect of each of these bills and help them advance through the legislative process.
I also want to draw your attention to the Senate Page Program here at the State Capitol. For the past three years, the page program has not been in place due to the COVID-19 Pandemic. The Senate Page Program offers an opportunity for students to visit the State Capitol to observe and participate in the legislative process. Senate pages serve the Senators by delivering important information and message to them in the Senate Chamber during the legislative session day. With only 20 spots available, I encourage all young students in the area to apply for the page program as this is a great opportunity to get a front row seat to the legislative process. Below you will find information on how to apply:
Find your legislator on by visiting Openstates.
Once you know your Senator's name, visit our Senate Members page to get their contact information.
Complete the Page Interest Form and send to your Senator's Legislative Assistant via e-mail or fax. This form can be saved and attached to an e-mail. It can also be printed, scanned and then e-mailed as an attachment.
Read more in the Page Welcome Packet.
Additionally, if you have further questions about the Senate Page Program, you can reach out to the programs Director, Kim Campbell or Assistant Director, Illana Burkhart, using the information below:
Kim Campbell, Director
Illana Burkhart, Assistant Director
Next week, the Senate will reconvene Monday through Thursday for Legislative Days 9-12. I anticipate the pace will only continue to pick up as many committee meetings will begin hearing legislation. As always, if you have any questions, comments or concerns about these bills matter relating to the Georgia Senate, please do not hesitate to reach out to my office.
Written by Jeff Raiford
Category: Newsbreak
Vidalia High School's Seth MacGregor was honored Tuesday night as the systems STAR Student. MacGregor, a senior at Vidalia High School, chose Grey Meredith as his STAR Teacher. The duo was honored with other STAR recipients in a ceremony at Toombs County High School, which was presented by the Vidalia Kiwanis Club.
MacGregor, who hopes to get an appointment from The Naval Academy or West Point, said that he is honored to be selected as the STAR Student, "first of all, it's an honor for sure. It's a blessing. It's proof that I have a work ethic, an intellect, and proof that my parents have trained me well."
MacGregor, who led his Cross Country Team to a Region Championship this year, said that the award was something he had thought about early on, "I think it definitely motivated me to put in that extra work, to get where I wanted to be here tonight."
When asked why he chose Meredith, MacGregor said it was an easy choice, "he's a person of excellence, a man of excellence in all that he does, in every way that he leads in the classroom and outside of the classroom as well. He's a man of excellence."
Meredith, Vidalia's only Naval Academy Graduate, said, "this is a huge honor. I'm honored, and I'm privileged to share the stage with Seth. I know he is going to do great things. He has a great work ethic, determination, and drive."
Meredith went on to say Seth is just one of those students that makes teaching fun. "I wish all of our students could be like Seth, but, he is a special student. He's going to do great things."
Meredith, who owned a successful construction business, got into teaching later than most says the love of the profession made him want to share his knowledge with others. "I got into teaching one because I love construction. I love what I do. I came through the construction program at Vidalia. I love what it did for me, and I wanted to do the same thing for students coming through Vidalia. We need to produce craftsmen. We need to produce engineers, and we need to produce guys that want to work hard and make a difference in their community. So, I wanted to live that out with teaching.
The PAGE Student Teacher Achievement Recognition (STAR) program honors Georgia's highest-achieving high school seniors and the teachers who have been most instrumental in their academic development. Since its creation in 1958 by the Georgia Chamber of Commerce, the STAR (Student Teacher Achievement Recognition) program has honored nearly 29,000 students, who have, in turn, chosen their STAR Teachers to share in this recognition. Every accredited high school in Georgia is eligible to participate in this preeminent student/teacher academic recognition.
Courtesy of Vidalia City Schools.
Items that CAN be placed in the recycle cart include cardboard with no wax and/or glossy finish, aluminum cans, and any plastic container (water bottle, mouthwash bottle, ketchup bottle, ground coffee container) with a one (1) or a two (2) inside of the recycle triangle. Please see picture below to see those items as well.
Items that CANNOT be recycled include snack boxes, cereal boxes, plastic bags from the local grocery store, styrofoam plates, any plastic without a one (1) or a two (2) in the recycle triangle, plastic sandwich bags, tin cans such as soup or dog food cans, glass, any type of paper (including newspaper), and the box that aluminum drink cans come in. Please see picture below.
Other miscellaneous items that cannot be placed in a recycling cart include yard debris, metal, tires, paint cans, cords, tarps, and fabric.
The City of Vidalia recognizes the importance of recycling and what it means to many of our citizens. We want to encourage you to be mindful of what is being placed in the recycling carts so that we may continue our recycling program. When items are recycled, it saves funds that would be used to pay landfill costs.
Republic Services will resume their regular pickup of recyclables on February 2, 2023.
If you have any further questions regarding the suspension of recycling collection, please contact City Hall at 912-537-8718.
Being nominated for the Rick Perkins Award for Excellence isn't something new for Welding Instructor Michael Crumpler, nor is receiving it. But for the Instructor of the Year at Southeastern Technical College who was recognized as such Tuesday evening, it's still a humbling experience.
"When I look back and see where the Lord has brought me, it's a blessing," he said. "I grew up in the projects in South Alabama just struggling. Now, I have a college education and I'm a college instructor with 12 letters behind my name. It's just so humbling. I'm so glad my family was here tonight to witness this because they know what the Lord has brought me from.
"It's a true and I believe spiritual saying that 'With God all things are possible.' I do believe all things are possible if you only believe," he concluded.
Like the GOAL winner we reported on yesterday, Elizabeth Paradice, Crumpler will represent STC as an ambassador for technical education. He will now compete among instructors at the regional level, and if selected as one of three finalists, will go on to the state-level competition in Atlanta.
Crumpler is in his 23rd year as an instructor at STC. He was nominated for the Rick Perkins Award of Excellence in 2006, 2012, and 2016, and was nominated and the recipient of the award in 2017 and 2023.
Written by Kathy Hilt
The Student Teacher Achievement Recognition (STAR) program honors Georgia's highest achieving high school seniors and the teachers who have been most instrumental in their academic development. The program is sponsored by the Professional Association of Georgia Educators (PAGE) Foundation and locally sponsored by the Kiwanis Club of Vidalia.
To obtain the STAR nomination, high school seniors must have the highest score on any single test date of the three-part SAT taken in high school and be in the top 10% of their class.
Alli selected Mrs. Dana Manning as her STAR teacher. Mrs. Manning teaches Chemistry and Human Anatomy at Toombs County High School. Congratulations to Toombs County High School's STAR student and teacher.
Kelly Cecil Braddy
On Friday, January 27, 2023, Kelly Cecil Braddy, loving husband, father, and grandpa, went on to his eternal home with our Lord and Savior. Kelly was born on September 17, 1942, to Cecil and Emma Braddy. He grew up and lived his entire life in Montgomery County, Georgia. Kelly married Linda Joan...
Obituary | Jeff Raiford | 29 January 2023 | 13:20
Mr. Bernard Preston Foskey, Uvalda
Mr. Bernard Preston Foskey, age 98, of Uvalda, died Saturday, January 28, 2023, at Memorial Health Meadows Hospital in Vidalia. He was a native of Toombs County, living in Montgomery County most of his life, and was a 1942 graduate of Uvalda High School. During World War II, he worked as a welder...
Mrs. Faye E. Wilcox, Alston
Mrs. Faye E. Wilcox, age 76, of Alston, died Friday, January 27, 2023, at The Oaks Bethany in Vidalia after an extended illness. She was a native of the Kibbee Community, lived in Toombs County most of her life, and returned to Montgomery County in 2003. She was a 1964 graduate of Montgomery County...
Mr. Tony Brinson,Lyons
Mr. Tony Brinson, age 60, of Lyons, died Thursday, January 26, 2023, at the University of Alabama, Birmingham, after a valiant battle following a lung transplant. He was a lifelong resident of Toombs County and was a 1980 graduate of Toombs Central School. He began his career in 1982 with the...
Mr. John C. Dorough, Vidalia
Mr. John C. Dorough, age 67, of Vidalia, died Friday, January 27, 2023, at Community Hospice House in Vidalia after a brief illness. He was a native of Vidalia and a graduate of Vidalia High School. He worked at Plant Hatch as a Nuclear Specialist. John had a pilot's license, loved drag racing and...
Pastor Joseph Golden, Vidalia
Pastor Joseph Golden received his wings on January 22, 2023, at his residence in Vidalia GA. He was born February 19, 1931, in Statesboro GA, the first born child of the late Reverend William and Sally McIntosh Golden. He received his education at the St. Paul's Church in Register, GA. He walked to...
Angelica Patrice Holland Samuel
Our beloved Angelica Patrice Holland Samuel peacefully entered eternal rest on January 21, 2023, in Gainesville, FL. Angelica was born to the late Willie Fred and Kathleen Holland on December 29, 1971, in Vidalia, Georgia at Meadows Memorial Hospital. Angelica, commonly known as "Pat," enjoyed...
Leonard "Runt" Edenfield Jr., Lyons
Leonard "Runt" Edenfield Jr., age 92, of Lyons, died Wednesday, January 25, 2023, in Community Hospice after an extended illness. He was born in Emanuel County, living most of his life in Lyons. He was a U.S. Army veteran of the Korean War and was the recipient of the Bronze Star. He worked most...
Mrs. Sue Allen Bishop, Tarrytown
Mrs. Sue Allen Bishop, age 92, of Tarrytown, died Tuesday, January 24, 2023, at Oxley Park Health and Rehabilitation Center in Lyons after an extended illness. She was a native of Toombs County and a 1947 graduate of Vidalia High School, where she played on the girl's basketball team. Mrs. Bishop owned...
Read More Obituaries
Pass it along with...CHURCH NEWS!
LET US GET YOUR MESSAGE TO THE PUBLIC WITH CHURCH NEWS! Thank you for using Church News on News-Talk WVOP 970 AM and 105.3 FM, and southeastgeorgiatoday.com. Submit your church events to us at least 2 weeks ahead of time for the greatest coverage and best results. Include the name of the church, the church address, name of the event, date & time of the event, location of the event if other than the church, and any special speakers involved. Send it to JIM PERRY! Email jperry @ radiojones.com ---Fax 537-4477
Church Event | Jim Perry | 03 November 2021 | 12:30
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Further Arrest Made in Investigation into Deaths of Students in North East of England
Police have today made a further arrest as part of an investigation into the deaths of four young people. Of those four people, two were Newcastle University students both aged 18, one was a student from neighbouring Northumbria University aged 21, and one 18-year-old man from neighbouring Washington also died.
This latest arrest – of a man in his 30s on suspicion of possession with intent to supply class A drugs – brings the total number made as part of the investigation up to 11. All those arrested so far have been released on bail. The police have said that ketamine and MDMA were "suspected to have been a factor in the death of the students" but Chief Inspector Steve Wykes said it was too early to say whether a bad batch of drugs was involved.
A large-scale investigation was launched after the first student was discovered unconscious on Saturday morning and later pronounced dead at the scene of Richardson Road in Newcastle, where Park View student village halls are located. Later that afternoon, a man suffered a cardiac arrest on the Coach Road estate in Washington, Sunderland – reportedly after taking MDMA. On Sunday morning, a 21-year-old Northumbria University student became ill and police were called to Newcastle's Melbourne street – the man later died in hospital. On Sunday afternoon, a second 18-year-old student died after being found at the same address the student found on Saturday morning. Since then officers have been working with both universities by searching student accommodation with sniffer dogs, providing an increase in the number of patrols in the area, and said that its thoughts are with the families of all of those who died.
Yesterday, one of the students – the first to be found – was named as 18 year old Jenny Larmour from Co Armagh in Northern Ireland who was studying architecture and urban planning at Newcastle University. Ms Larmour had attended The Royal School Armagh who paid tribute to her describing her as a model pupil who had a great future ahead of her.
"Her outstanding qualities as a pupil were recognised in her final year when she was appointed deputy head girl, a role she carried out to a very high standard"
Graham Montgomery, Headteacher – The Royal School Aramagh
Newcastle University said the students in question had been in the city for less than 48 hours when they died. The Vice Chancellor of Newcastle University, Chris Day, wrote to students to warn them about the incident in which he said the University had ample support, whatever difficulties students may be facing:
"We are all heartbroken and our thoughts and condolences are with their families, friends and loved ones at this most difficult of times. We know that many of you will be affected by this distressing news. Whatever difficulties you have gone through, we have ample support both at the university and in the city, Whatever those problems are, please do not turn to excessive alcohol or drugs to solve them because you have seen the potential consequences."
Chris Day, Vice-Chancellor – Newcastle University
In a further statement today, Chief Inspector Wykes encouraged any students in possession of illegal drugs to contact either the University well-being teams or visit their local police station in order to dispose of them safely:
"We are committed to tackling illegal drugs supply as these substances have no place in our communities.
If you are in possession of illegal drugs, we would encourage you to dispose of them safely and not run the risk of causing yourself any harm by taking them. We also don't want anyone else being put at risk if they are not disposed of responsibly, for example if they are left somewhere where they could be picked up"
Chief Inspector Steve Wykes – Northumbria Police
The deaths of four young people is always distressing, but for three of them to be students comes at what was already a distressing time for those at both universities where large numbers of people have already tested positive for coronavirus and anxieties are therefore already high among both students and parents. These three deaths, however, do come as a reminder of the dangers that exist apart from COVID, and the risk of the misuse of illegal drugs.
Posted on 6th October 2020 6th October 2020 by Haydn Roberts
Posted in Homepage, News, Uncategorized
RHSU Cancels Debating Society's Controversial Event
Government unveils new three-tier lockdown system as a response to rising cases of Covid-19


text:
Q: How to connect directly to a remote docker container with ssh I want to connect to a remote running Docker container directly with ssh. Normally I can
$ ssh -i privateKey user@host
$ docker ps #which will list all running containers
$ docker exec -it ***** bash deploy.sh # ***** is container id and this line run a deployment script

But I need to run this script from a Jenkins pipeline where I have only one chance. After many trying, I come up with this
$ ssh -tt -i ~/privateKey user@host docker exec -it $(docker ps | grep  unique_text | cut -c1-10) /bin/bash deploy.sh

Which have not help my plight because it returns
"docker exec" requires at least 2 arguments.

Which actually mean the command is truncated here $(docker ps | grep ...
My Solution
sh 'ssh -tt -i $FILE -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no $USER@$HOST /bin/bash -c \'"docker exec -it $(docker ps | grep unique_text | cut -c1-10) bash start.sh"\''

A: $ ssh -tt -i ~/privateKey user@host docker exec -it $(docker ps | grep  unique_text | cut -c1-10) /bin/bash deploy.sh

That will run the sub shell with the docker ps command on your local machine, not the remote one. You'll want to process that full command in a shell on the remote server:
$ ssh -tt -i ~/privateKey user@host /bin/sh -c "docker exec -it $(docker ps | grep  unique_text | cut -c1-10) /bin/bash deploy.sh"

A: The best solution to this problem is to create a node in Jenkins
Step 1 − Go to the Manage Jenkins section and scroll down to the section of Manage Nodes.

Step 2 − Click on New Node

Step 3 − Give a name for the node, choose the Dumb slave option and click on Ok.

Step 4 − Enter the details of the node slave machine. In the below example, we are considering the slave machine to be a windows machine, hence the option of "Let Jenkins control this Windows slave as a Windows service" was chosen as the launch method. We also need to add the necessary details of the slave node such as the node name and the login credentials for the node machine. Click the Save button. The Labels for which the name is entered as "New_Slave" is what can be used to configure jobs to use this slave machine.

Once the above steps are completed, the new node machine will initially be in an offline state, but will come online if all the settings in the previous screen were entered correctly. One can at any time make the node slave machine as offline if required.

In my Jenkins pipeline
node("build_slave"){
    sh 'docker exec -it $(docker ps | grep unique_text | cut -c1-10) bash deploy.sh'
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Australian small businesses have their sights set on being world-leading innovators. That is the main conclusion of the SME Pulse 2018: Strategies for Sustainable Growth– a research report published by American Express.
Data from 3000 SMEs across 12 countries shows that Aussie firms are outpacing their international peers in their plans to invest in research and development, incorporate customer feedback into R&D and co-create with customers.
But this enthusiasm for innovation risks being held back by ineffective design and execution of their plans. Only half of Aussie small businesses say they are effective at developing and implementing innovations to products and services or ways of working. Additionally, only 46 per cent say they are effective at quickly responding to changing business demands.
Australian SMEs plan to engage their staff as a key asset for innovation. Businesses say they want to encourage their employees to be more creative (57 per cent); allocating specific time for idea generation and promoting a more innovative culture.
They are also committed to investing in new skills to achieve this, with 78 per cent planning to invest in training and development programs in the next three years and 72 per cent planning to ensure competitive salaries and supportive cultures.
Organisations that succeed in encouraging their employees to create new ideas and innovations will not only be able to succeed and grow, they will also save money and time that may otherwise have been spent dealing with staff unhappiness or rehiring.
Almost three quarters of Australian SMEs say their customers are demanding more sustainable products and services. As a result, most (86 per cent) say that ethical and sustainable business practices are now key to company growth and profitability.
Becoming an ethical and sustainable business doesn't have to be expensive or difficult. Businesses can start immediately through measures like fitting energy efficient bulbs, reusing or recycling materials and undertaking a review of existing operational practices. With many companies already on a path to implementing the necessary policies and practices, sustainability is an ideal place to start an innovation journey.
The benefits of moving towards a more sustainable business model are clear; for example, the Sustainability Advantage programin NSW is helping more than 500 businesses save a combined $95 million a year through advice, training, education and networking opportunities to develop environmental sustainability practices.
Encouraged by confidence in the domestic and global economy, almost two thirds (63 per cent) of Australian businesses in our survey reported they would willing to take big risks to garner big rewards.
This attitude will only support creating an innovative culture. Doing things differently and disrupting the status quo – particularly at a time when that business may already be running successfully – can often seem unnecessary, or even unwise. However, companies can only truly innovate and see successful results by embracing calculated risks.
Perhaps the biggest barriers to innovation identified in the report are internal. Half of Australian small business executives say being too focused on running the day-to-day business is a constraint on success. In addition, it can be hard for businesses to change their existing policies, procedures and ways of working.
Innovation comes from having the freedom to come up with new ideas and business leaders must find that freedom without getting mired in day-to-day tasks. If internal policies and procedures are blocking success, SMEs should focus innovation on solving this issue to clear the way for new ideas around customer, product, and other mission-critical business areas.
Innovation can be difficult for all businesses, regardless of their size. Australian SME enthusiasm is an ideal first step and distinguishes the country from its global competition. By identifying how to take the next step and successfully develop and implement innovations, companies can grow, succeed, and compete not only at home, but around the world.
Martin Seward, Vice President, American Express Global Commercial Services Australia and New Zealand.


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Identification of the protein kinase A regulatory RIα-catalytic subunit interface by amide H/2H exchange and protein docking
Ganesh S. Anand, Dennis Law, Jeffrey G. Mandell, Aaron N. Snead, Igor Tsigelny, Susan S. Taylor, Lynn F. Ten Eyck, and Elizabeth A. Komives
PNAS November 11, 2003 100 (23) 13264-13269; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2232255100
Ganesh S. Anand
Jeffrey G. Mandell
Aaron N. Snead
Igor Tsigelny
Susan S. Taylor
Lynn F. Ten Eyck
Elizabeth A. Komives
Edited by John Kuriyan, University of California, Berkeley, CA (received for review April 16, 2003)
An important goal after structural genomics is to build up the structures of higher-order protein–protein complexes from structures of the individual subunits. Often structures of higher order complexes are difficult to obtain by crystallography. We have used an alternative approach in which the structures of the individual catalytic (C) subunit and RIα regulatory (R) subunit of PKA were first subjected to computational docking, and the top 100,000 solutions were subsequently filtered based on amide hydrogen/deuterium (H/2H) exchange interface protection data. The resulting set of filtered solutions forms an ensemble of structures in which, besides the inhibitor peptide binding site, a flat interface between the C-terminal lobe of the C-subunit and the A- and B-helices of RIα is uniquely identified. This holoenzyme structure satisfies all previous experimental data on the complex and allows prediction of new contacts between the two subunits.
matrix-assisted
laser desorption ionization/time-of-flight
protein–protein interactions
PKA holoenzyme (type I)
Protein kinase A (PKA), a central locus for cAMP-mediated signaling in mammalian cells, exists in an inactive state as a tetrameric holoenzyme composed of two regulatory (R) and two catalytic (C) subunits. Binding of cAMP to the R-subunits leads to dissociation of the holoenzyme and unleashing of the active C-subunit. Like many protein kinases, inhibition of the C-subunit by the RIα regulatory subunit occurs by bipartite binding to the C-subunit. The R-subunit has a pseudosubstrate/inhibitor sequence near the N terminus that binds in the active site of the C-subunit. Two cAMP-binding domains (A and B) follow the pseudosubstrate/inhibitor sequence, and it is the A-domain of the RIα isoform that contains the peripheral binding site for inhibition of the C-subunit (1, 2). Although crystal structures are available for the C-subunit in various active and inhibited forms (3), and for the cAMP-bound RIα(113–376) (4), no structural information is available for the holoenzyme complex consisting of the R-subunit and the C-subunit.
Computational docking is a useful approach to build up the structures of larger protein–protein complexes. The program DOT computes the interaction energies of all possible (billions) translational and rotational solutions by using fast Fourier transform algorithms (5, 6). The interaction between the C-subunit and the R-subunit involves two sites, each of which contributes to the overall binding energy, and DOT did not predict a unique docking interface. To filter the results, we first tried using results from complementary mutagenesis experiments, which revealed a contact between Lys-213 in the C-subunit with Glu-143 in the R-subunit (7). This contact alone, however, was insufficient to specify a unique solution (I.T. and L.T.E., unpublished results).
Amide H/2H exchange, followed by proteolytic digestion and mass spectrometry, is a powerful method to map protein–protein and protein–ligand interactions (8–11). Amide H/2H exchange coupled to matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization/time-offlight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry has been used to map the inhibitor peptide ATP and ADP-binding sites within the C-subunit (8, 12).
The results of this study show that filtering the comprehensive docking results with distance constraints derived from the amide H/2H exchange data predicts a single binding interface and a structure of the PKA holoenzyme that is consistent with previous biochemical results. This approach may be particularly useful for kinases and other signaling molecules that have bipartite binding to the active site as well as to a peripheral site.
Materials. ATP, cAMP, Mops, and cAMP immobilized on 6% agarose were obtained from Sigma. Deuterium oxide (D2O; 99.9% deuterium) was obtained from Cambridge Isotope Laboratories (Cambridge, MA). Pepsin immobilized on 6% agarose was obtained from Pierce. Trifluoroacetic acid and acetonitrile were obtained from Fisher and were of the highest grade; α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (Aldrich) was recrystallized once from ethanol. PD10 columns for buffer exchange were obtained from Amersham Pharmacia Biotech. All other materials were reagent grade from standard commercial sources.
Preparation of RIα(94–244) and C-Subunits. RIα(94–244) was expressed as a polyhistidine-tagged protein and purified by passing through a nickel-nitrilotriacetic acid column and eluted with sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), containing 100 mM imidazole as described (11). The Cα-subunit of murine PKA was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified as described (13). The final buffer was 50 mM Mops (pH 7.0), with 2 mM ATP and 0.2 mM MgCl2, and the protein concentration was 125 μM.
Formation of Holoenzyme. The C-subunit and 1.2 molar excess of cAMP-bound RIα(94–244) or and cAMP-bound full-length RIα were combined in 10 mM Mops (pH 7.0), 50 mM NaCl, 5 mM β-mercaptoethanol with 0.2 mM ATP, 2 mM MgCl2 as described (10). The proteins were concentrated to 172 μM for RIα(94–244)-C holoenzyme and 125 μM for the full-length type I holoenzyme (R2C2) before deuterium exchange.
Computational Docking with dot of C-Subunit and RIα(113-244). Computational docking analyses of the C-subunit with the R-subunit was carried out by using the program DOT. The atomic coordinates used were PDB:1RGS for the regulatory subunit, RIα (4) and PDB:1ATP (3) for the C-subunit. Only residues 113–244 of the RIα subunit were used in the docking, and residues 245–376 were added after the docked solutions were obtained. ATP and the 20-residue peptide PKI(5–24) were retained in the C-subunit structure. The C-subunit was held stationary while the R-subunit was rotated and translated about it. The electrostatic potential grid for the C-subunit was generated by solving the linearized Poisson–Boltzmann equation with the program UHBD (University of Houston Brownian Dynamics) after assigning partial charges according to an AMBER parameter set (14). The potential was evaluated on a 128 × 128 × 128 grid with 1.0-Å spacing, a solvent dielectric of 78.0, a protein dielectric of 3.0, an ionic radius of 1.4 Å, a solvent radius of 1.4 Å, and a solvent ionic strength of 150 mM. The entire calculation took ≈4 hr on a SUN Microsystems Ultra HPC 10000 using 20 processors.
Deuterium Exchange and Mass Spectrometry. Deuterium exchange was initiated by combining the protein solution (10 μl) with deuterated Mops buffer (90 μl) at 25°C. After 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, or 10 min, the deuterium exchange reaction was quenched by addition to ice-cold 0.9 ml of 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) with 2% TFA added so the final pH was 2.5. Deuterium exchange at time t = 0 was determined by adding the protein solution in H2O (10 μl) to a mixture of ice-cold 0.9 ml 0.1% TFA and Mops buffer in D2O (90 μl). A portion of the quenched reaction (0.1 ml) was mixed with 50 μl of pepsin bead slurry (previously washed two times in 1 ml of cold 0.1% TFA). The mixture was incubated on ice with occasional mixing for 5 min, centrifuged for 15 s at 12,000 × g at 4°C, divided in aliquots, frozen in liquid N2, and stored at -80°C until analyzed.
Frozen samples were quickly defrosted to 0°C, mixed with matrix (5 mg/ml α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid in 1:1:1 acetonitrile, ethanol, 0.1% TFA, final pH 2.5, 0°C), and 1 μl was spotted on a chilled MALDI target. The target was quickly dried and analyzed as described (15). The back exchange that occurred during the analysis was 46% as determined by carrying out control experiments where each of the protein samples was deuterated for 24 h at 25°C. After MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, spectra were calibrated by using peptides of m/z = 1,088.6582 and 1,628.8886. The average mass of a peptide was calculated by determining the centroid of its isotopic envelope as described (15). The difference between the centroids of each deuterated vs. nondeuterated peptide gave the number of deuterons incorporated. Side chain deuteration, which occurs in MALDI H/2H exchange, was corrected for before back exchange correction as described (10). Kinetic plots of deuteration fit best to a single exponential model accounting for deuterons exchanging at a rapid rate (mainly solvent accessible amides). The fit was implemented in KALEIDAGRAPH 3.0 (Synergy Software, Reading, PA). Errors in the fits were ≈10%, and similar errors were obtained from individual time points measured in triplicate.
Design of Distance Constraint Filters by Using Amide Exchange Protection Data. Distance constraint filters were designed on the basis of amide H/2H exchange data. The 100,000 solutions with the best energies were filtered (16). "Qualitative" backbone filters specified that at least 1 Cα atom on any residue from each protected region on one subunit was required to be within 10 Å of any Cα atoms on the opposite subunit. A "quantitative" filter was also designed based on the observation that some fragments had more than one backbone amide with decreased solvent accessibility. The filter specified a minimum number of different Cα atoms required to be within a certain distance of Cα atoms on the opposite subunit. Others have shown that the intersection of solutions filtered with Cα constraints and heavy atom constraints results in the removal of some docking artifacts (17). We therefore also designed a "heavy atom" filter that specified a minimum number of non-hydrogen atoms to be within 7 Å of any non-hydrogen atom in the partner subunit. This filter used the same quantitative data already described. A distance constraint of 7 Å resulted in 23 solutions being retained. Intersection of the quantitative Cα-filtered solutions with those from the quantitative heavy atom filter retained 15 final solutions.
Computation of All Possible Docked Structures of the PKA Holoenzyme Complex. The program DOT (6) was used to compute the potential energy of all possible rotations (6° steps) and translations (1-Å steps) of the R-subunit [RIα(113–244) (4)], and the C-subunit (3). The PKI(5–24) peptide was left in the C-subunit active site during docking to mimic residues 94–99 of the R-subunit, which correspond to the pseudosubstrate/inhibitor sequence, and were not observed in the crystal structure of the R-subunit presumably because they were disordered. After the docking was completed, the R-subunit B-domain was added by using the coordinates of RIα(113–376), and none of the docked structures showed interaction of the cAMP-B-domain of RIα with the C-subunit (4). The top 100,000 solutions with the lowest energy values calculated by DOT of a total of 117 billion results were initially identified. The binding energies of the top 100,000 complexes saved ranged from -21.5 kcal/mol to -10.9 kcal/mol. These structures showed the R-subunit distributed all around the C-subunit with no preferred binding modes (16).
Solvent Accessibility Changes Identify the R–C Interface. We have previously shown that, in general, amides that exchange within 10 min at pH 7.0 and 25°C correspond to surface residues and are useful probes of changes that occur on protein–protein binding (8, 9). Amides within the protein core exchange much more slowly and generally report on protein folding and/or conformational changes. Pepsin digestion after the H/2H exchange reaction is quenched to 0°C and a pH of 2.5, allowing localization of the exchanged amides to short sequences of the protein (18). Both the R- and C-subunits were digested, and the MALDI-TOF mass spectra contained pepsin digest peptides from both proteins (Fig. 1A).
(A) MALDI-TOF mass spectrum of the peptic digest from RIα (Top), from the C-subunit (Middle), and from the RIα2–C2 holoenzyme (Bottom). (B) Sequence of the RIα(94–244) and C-subunit showing the fragments that were observed in the mass spectrum of the peptic digest. Lines underneath the sequence are fragments for which quantifiable data were obtained. A schematic is provided showing the domains of each protein, and the dashed box encloses those domains known to participate in the R–C interaction. In the regulatory subunit, D/D refers to the dimerization/docking domain, and the black bar shows the pseudosubstrate/inhibitor sequence.
In previous work, 12 pepsin digest peptides covering 70% of the R-subunit were analyzed, and these data are re-presented in Table 1. The amide exchange data from the R-subunit was complex in the sense that regions of the protein became either more or less accessible on binding of cAMP or the C-subunit. Comparison of the data from cAMP-free R-subunit with the cAMP-bound R-subunit indicated that there is no gross conformational change between these states (10). The pseudosubstrate/inhibitor sequence and a helical subdomain (αA and αB) of the cAMP-A-domain became protected from exchange on C-subunit binding (10). This subset of peptides exchanged rapidly in the absence of the C-subunit, were on the surface of the structure of the R-subunit, and were protected from exchange in the presence of the C-subunit. All three of these criteria are considered essential for identification of a protein–protein interface from amide exchange data (9). Experiments were performed by using both the full-length RIα and the fragment containing only the A-domain RIα(94–244). No additional protection was seen in the B-domain, confirming that the interaction involves only the cAMP-A-domain (data not shown).
Table 1. Summary of H/D exchange data or RIα(94—244)
The changes in surface solvent accessibility of the Mg-ATP-containing C-subunit were probed in monomeric complex with RIα(94–244), and in dimeric complex with full-length RIα. Seventeen peptides from the C-subunit could be analyzed from all of the samples, and these covered 40% of the sequence of the C-subunit (Fig. 1B). As was previously observed, the active site of the C-subunit becomes protected on binding of ATP and the inhibitor peptide within the R-subunit (8). Protection from exchange in the glycine-rich loop that closes over the ATP and pseudosubstrate/inhibitor sequence was reflected in decreased deuteration of residues 44–54. The catalytic loop that contacts ATP (residues 164–172) was also protected. Finally, protection of the pseudosubstrate-binding site (residues 133–145) was also observed. New regions of the C-subunit that were protected on complexation with the R-subunit that could not be attributed to binding of Mg-ATP or the pseudosubstrate sequence were all within the C-terminal lobe of the kinase and included residues 212–221, residues 247–261 (Fig. 2), and residues 278–289. These segments of the C-subunit define a contiguous surface for R-subunit interaction.
(A) Expansion of the MALDI-TOF mass spectra to show one of the 17 fragments (m/z = 1,793.97, residues 247–261) from the analysis of the C-subunit that experienced slowed exchange in the RIα2–C2 holoenzyme complex. (Ai) The isotopic envelope for the fragment from the free C-subunit bound to MgATP after 10 min of deuteration. (Aii) The isotopic envelope for the same fragment from the RIα2–C2 holoenzyme after 10 min of deuteration. (B) Plot of deuterium incorporation into the amide positions of the region of C-subunit for the peptide fragment; m/z = 1,793.97 from C-subunit +MgATP (○), RIα2–C2 holoenzyme (▪), and RIα(94–244)-C holoenzyme (▴). (C) The structure of the C-subunit is shown in gray; the residues protected by the R-subunit are shown in red; the inhibitor peptide PKI(5–24), which mimics the pseudosubstrate, is shown in black; and the residues protected by it are shown in yellow (8). The structure of RIα(113–244) is shown in blue with the residues protected by the C-subunit in red. The pseudosubstrate/inhibitor sequence is shown connected by dots to the N terminus of the structured part of RIα.
Distance Constraint Filters from Amide H/2H Exchange. Protection of amide exchange on complex formation was primarily localized to three segments in each protein (Tables 1 and 2 and Fig. 2C). Within the R-subunit, residues 136–148, 222–229, and 230–238 contained amides that were protected. Within the C-subunit, residues 212–221, 247–261, and 278–289 contained amides that were protected. We have previously shown that the segment from residues 18–26 becomes less mobile on R-subunit binding, so this segment was not included in the docking as it was likely that the small decrease in amide exchange was due to helix tightening rather than interface protection (19). Each of these segments contained at least three residues that were surface exposed, and the number of amides that were protected in each case was at least one.
Table 2. Summary of H/D exchange data for the PKA catalytic subunit
For all peptides in both the R- and C-subunits, only one to three amides within each peptide segment were protected by the binding partner in the complex. To use this type of experimental data to filter the docked protein complexes for consistency with experiment, we first tried a "qualitative" approach wherein at least one Cα from the segment showing protection was required to be within 10 Å of the binding partner, as a fairly "loose" filter (20). By using this approach, 96 solutions survived the filter. Table 3 shows that there was a progressive decrease in the number of surviving structures with each additional constraint. The filters were, as expected, commutative, and the order in which they were applied did not change the results.
Table 3. Number of docked structures remaining after filtering based on 10-Å Cα—Cα distance
The results from the qualitative approach did not yield a single interface between the two proteins, so a quantitative approach was implemented. Within the C-subunit, the peptides corresponding to residues 212–221 and 247–261 each showed differences of three amides between complexed and free. Within the R-subunit, the peptide corresponding to residues 136–148 showed a difference of two amides. These results were then used to further filter the results so that, if two amides were protected, two Cα atoms were required to be within 10 Å, etc. This quantitative filter resulted in 23 solutions (Table 3).
Because protection from amide exchange at protein–protein interfaces may require only side-chain contact and not necessarily backbone contact, filters were also devised that required the same quantitative number of heavy atoms from different residues on one protein to be within 7 Å of any heavy atom on the partner protein (21–23). This "heavy atom" filter resulted in 60 solutions (Table 3). The intersection of the set of structures from the quantitative Cα and heavy atom filters yielded 15 structures that defined a unique interface between the C-terminal lobe of the C-subunit and the A- and B-helices of the R-subunit. There was an axis of rotation through this flat interface.
Predicted New Interactions Between Residues at the Interface. Examination of the 15 DOT solutions that survived the distance constraint filters revealed that they all satisfied the interaction between Glu-143 (from RIα) and Lys-213 (from C-subunit) required by the experimental result that mutations at Lys-213 of the C-subunit complemented those at Glu-143 in RIα (1, 7). They also all satisfied a distance constraint connecting the pseudosubstrate/inhibitor sequence (mimicked by the PKI(5–24) and the N terminus of the structure of RIα (residue 113). Finally, residues 92–100 in the C-subunit and residues 122–136, 204–221, and 239–244 in RIα that did not show any protection on complex formation were not at the interface in the final model.
The 15 final structures were clustered according to center of mass distances and difference in orientation between all 210 pairs of configurations for the R-subunit (Table 4, which is published as supporting information on the PNAS web site). There are three obvious clusters that differ internally by <5 Å and 20°, but between clusters differ by at least 14 Å and 50°. All clusters of solutions predict a common R–C interface and differ in their rotational orientations. The solution that was most often found, represented by the cluster containing eight solutions, also contains the lowest energy solution from the filtered DOT solutions. All of the structures except structure 13, the most weakly associated member of the cluster, had several contacts [as defined by the Critical Assessment of PRedicted Interactions (CAPRI) contact scoring scheme] between the activation loop and the R-subunit (24). This cluster was, therefore, taken as the most likely model for the holoenzyme complex (Fig. 3).
Stereo image of the top cluster of eight solutions that represent the final docked structure. The structure of the C-subunit is colored as in Fig. 2. The regions of RIα(113–244) that showed decreased solvent accessibility exclusively on binding the C-subunit are colored red.
The model predicts that the C-subunit activation loop (residues 189–199) contacts RIα. It therefore predicts the basis for the observation that phosphorylation of Thr-197 is essential for RIα binding (G. H. Iyer and S.S.T., unpublished results). Key contacts between Trp-196 (C) and Arg-230 (R) and between Arg-194 (C) and Asp-227 (R) are predicted by the model (Fig. 4). Previous studies highlighted the importance of a conserved Trp at position 196 in binding both isoforms of the R-subunit (25), and subsequent studies showed that mutation of this residue to Ala and Arg greatly decreased binding to RIα with the Trp-196 → Arg mutation being more disruptive for holoenzyme formation (26). Our model predicts that the Trp-196 → Arg mutation not only disrupts a favorable interaction with Arg-230 of RIα but also introduces a charge repulsion. The model also predicts a complementary registry of charged residues in which one side of the interface has Glu-248 from the C-subunit approaching Arg-226, -230, and -231 from the R-subunit whereas the other side of the interface has Lys-213 and Arg-194 from the C-subunit approaching Asp-140, -141, -146, and -149 and Glu-143 from the R-subunit.
Stereo image of a close-up of the R–C subunit interface from the lowest energy filtered dot solution. The C-subunit is shown in gray, and RIα is in gold. Glu-143 (R) is in contact with Lys-213 (C). The side chain of Trp-196 (C) is in green and is predicted to contact Arg-230/Arg-231 (R). Arg-194 (C) is predicted to contact Asp-227 (R). Lys-254 (C) and Glu-248 (C) are also in the interface.
A General Approach to Structural Genomics of Higher Order Complexes. Although protein–protein docking methods attempt to correctly predict the structure of a protein–protein complex from the structures of the individual interacting proteins, the overall change in energy between free and docked proteins is often relatively small, and side-chain positioning, as well as conformational changes, can significantly alter the measured binding energy. This finding is particularly relevant when the structures were not crystallized as a complex, and when the binding site is of relatively weak affinity.
One solution to the problem that several groups have attempted is to filter the docking results with experimental data (17). Recent attempts to use experimental data in docking have met with limited success (27). Attempts to filter the PKA holoenzyme docked solutions with the complementary mutagenesis constraint, which would be analogous to a protein–protein crosslink, generated a very different model that was inconsistent with other experimental results (I.T., V. Kotlovyi, and L.T.E., unpublished results). The complementary mutagenesis constraint was also combined with small-angle x-ray scattering information to yield yet a different model (28). Whereas both models predict that the intersubunit interface can be localized to a small surface on the helical subdomain of cAMP:A domain, neither found Trp-196 at the interface, nor were they consistent with the role of the activation loop in holoenzyme formation.
Our results show that amide H/2H exchange mass spectrometric interface mapping can provide the experimental data needed to filter docking results (8, 9, 29). First, the absence of large changes in amide exchange indicates that no major conformational change has occurred, an implicit assumption when using individual structures for molecular docking. Second, amide exchange gives comprehensive information about the surface of each protein that must be in contact. Of the original 100,000 low-energy solutions from DOT, only 15 remained after application of two distance filters designed on the basis of amide H/2H exchange data, and these structures specified a single protein–protein interaction that varied only in rotation about the flat plane of the interface. The majority of the solutions formed a single cluster of the PKA holoenzyme complex that was consistent with all known biochemical data and from which new predictions could be made. It is our hope that the combination of amide H/2H exchange mass spectrometry and computational docking will become a high throughput method to rapidly obtain accurate structural models of protein–protein complexes.
This work was supported by National Science Foundation Grants MCB9808286 (to E.A.K.) and DBI-9911196 (to L.F.T.E.), the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (S.S.T.), and National Institutes of Health Grant GM19301 (to S.S.T.). D.L. was the recipient of a Graduate Assistance in Areas of National Need fellowship.
↵∥ To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: ekomives{at}ucsd.edu.
↵‡ G.S.A. and D.L. contributed equally to this work.
↵¶ Present address: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0215.
Abbreviations: MALDI-TOF, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization/time-of-flight; R, regulatory; C, catalytic; TFA, trifluoroacetic acid.
Data deposition: The atomic coordinates and structure factors have been deposited in the Protein Data Bank, www.rcsb.org (PDB ID code 1PVK).
Received April 16, 2003.
Accepted September 3, 2003.
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You are going to email the following Identification of the protein kinase A regulatory RIα-catalytic subunit interface by amide H/2H exchange and protein docking
Ganesh S. Anand, Dennis Law, Jeffrey G. Mandell, Aaron N. Snead, Igor Tsigelny, Susan S. Taylor, Lynn F. Ten Eyck, Elizabeth A. Komives
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Nov 2003, 100 (23) 13264-13269; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2232255100


Kai Hazelwood is back to bring you another tip in our series "College and Beyond." Today, she's talking about how to do the right kind of research - remember, college is where you'll bring to build you professional network! Stay tuned for more tips from Kai to make sure that you choose the college that's right for you.


Emergency vehicles are designed to get to citizens in need quickly. Whether the vehicle is a fire truck, police cruiser, or ambulance, the basic traffic rule for non-emergency vehicles is to slow down and pull over to allow emergency vehicles to pass. When a civilian vehicle fails to follow this rule and collides into or causes the emergency vehicle to crash, the civilian will be held liable for the accident. However, when a collision occurs with an emergency vehicle (EV), it isn't always the civilian driver's fault.
It's easy to understand why emergency vehicles need to have the right of way when responding to an incident. The drivers of these vehicles need a clear path to make it to their destinations quickly. After all, a few seconds could make the difference between life and death. However, just because they have the right of way doesn't mean they can endanger lives on their way.
When an EV driver is not responding to an emergency call, he must obey all traffic and safety laws. If he fails to do so and a collision occurs as a result of his negligence, he will be just as liable as if he were driving his own car. Furthermore, when an EV is involved in any type of accident while between responses, the status of the vehicle will not be taken into account. In other words, an EV will be treated the same and subject to the same liability rules as a regular car when it isn't responding to an emergency.
Intersections and red lights. Despite the fact that cross-traffic should remain stopped as an EV approaches an intersection, EV drivers must still slow down to make sure that nothing is in their path. Assuming traffic will stop is risky and not safe.
Turns. Again, despite the assumption that the coast is clear, EV drivers must use caution and common sense when turning corners at high speeds. It can be difficult for pedestrians and other drivers to see an EV when it approaches at an angle, and therefore may not be able to pull off or slowdown. Therefore, it is up to the EV driver to maintain caution.
If an EV driver fails to conduct himself in a safe manner and follow the common-sense rules of the trade, he can single-handedly put himself, his passengers, and the general public at serious risk. It's understandable that EVs are allowed certain exemptions but that doesn't mean that they're immune to accident liability.
If you believe that the negligence of an EV driver directly resulted in your accident injuries, give us a call at 1.800.636.3676 for a FREE consultation and review of your case. Emergency personnel are supposed to help and protect the general public, not add to the pain and suffering. Allow us to help you remind them of that by filing a personal injury claim to pursue the compensation your recovery needs.
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Not surprisingly for a skin care specialist, Bliss makes a huge statement about its strength in complexion products with its color cosmetics debut. It has created two versions of tinted moisturizers (Instant 'Tint'stant and oil-free Just A little Tint); three takes on concealer (under eye wonder Feeling Bright, full coverage dynamo Undercover Secret, and anti-blemish concealer Mend It, Blend It); a lightweight creamy matte powder called Em'powder Me; and long-wear liquid foundation dubbed 'Stay'cation. The coverage products are designed not to detract from – and, in fact, improve upon – a canvas of healthy skin. They leave it polished and nourished. After all, if your tinted moisturizer, foundation, powder or concealer makes your skin appear ruddy or discolored, the money you've poured into skin care products and services is headed straight down the drain.
Bliss' move into color cosmetics is only the beginning of the spa enterprise's creep across many consumer categories. It's introduced activewear at Kohl's, and is extending into out into candles and home fragrance as well. If Bliss' efforts in color cosmetics are any indication, we're firmly on board the Bliss bandwagon.


1930s General Drafting Company Map or Plan of Washington D.C.
Esso Pictorial Map of Washington Our Nation's Capital.
This is a beautiful 1930s map or plan of Washington D.C. by the General Drafting Company. It covers the nation's capital from Arlington Cemetery and the Washington National Airport north to Soldiers' home (Armed Forces Retirement Home) and the Zoological Park (Smithsonian National Zoological Park) and from the Grover Archbold Park and Foxhall Crescent east as far as Lincoln Park. The map is wonderfully detailed and notes individual streets, parks, lakes, bridges, rivers, reservoirs, railroads, postal routes and other important topographical features with beautifully illustrated parks.
Individual monuments, buildings, museums, statues, government buildings and attractions are rendered pictorially. Several attractions are accompanied by illustrations and short descriptions, such as 'Superb exhibition of riding and mounted drill' and the illustration of the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Arlington Cemetery, horse back riding, airplanes and aircraft hangars in the airport, people golfing, picnicking, animals in the zoo, 'The White Lot' referring to the White House lawn is describes as 'Where Washington children roll eggs on Easter Monday,' 'Zero Milestone, all mileages measured from here,' 'Washington Navy Yard, Established 1800, Ancient Cannon and model-testing basin,' and countless other monuments and popular attractions.
The lower left quadrant includes an inset featuring the division of Washington along with an explanation. Text on 'How to drive in Washington' is also included. A small advertisement near the left border promotes other road maps, news and services provided by Esso.
Verso contains an Index to principal points of interest in Washington and vicinity, including parks, embassies, museums, flying fields, national organizations, government buildings and institutions, statues and monuments, etc. A large pictorial road map of Washington D.C. and vicinity featuring illustrations is also included on verso, along with an inset of the historic landmarks of Alexandria.
This map was copyrighted by the General Drafting Company, New York and Issued by the Standard Oil Company of New jersey.
Very good. Minor wear along original fold lines. Verso contains road map of Washington D.C. and vicinity.


Inspired by the mountain surrounding Chengdu and the contemplative sculpture gardens of famed Hakone, a barren enclosed space on the 7th level of one new development has been transformed into a creative haven of art, education and interaction. The exhibition garden space by ICN as designer, and curator of the initial sculptural pieces is open and expansive, drawing attention immediately to the massive physical artworks.
From the towers and surrounding interior spaces of shops and restaurants, people are enticed out of their own journey to discover, consider and interact with art. Sinuous and curvaceous, the landscape of rolling grass enfolds shallow courts. These small spaces are formed and shaped out of the 'ground' drawing people to contemplate the visual arts. Inspired by the long tradition of oriental painting the garden design reflects the enduring physical landscape elements of earth and sea. Replicated here within the Chengdu city centre, in the midst of soaring towers and frenetic urban life, the garden becomes a creative retreat.


text:
Marie Joseph Charles de L'Escalopier, né le  à Liancourt-Fosse et décédé le  à Liancourt-Fosse (Somme), est un historien, archéologue, collectionneur et bibliophile français.

Biographie
Charles de L'Escalopier fut conservateur de la Bibliothèque de l'Arsenal à Paris et membre de plusieurs sociétés savantes : membre correspondant du Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques (1839-1849), membre de la Société des Antiquaires de Picardie, membre résident de la Société des Antiquaires de France en 1835, il en devint le président en 1842.

Il apporte son aide à Antoine de Salinis, alors évêque d'Amiens pour rapporter les reliques d'Aurélie Theudosie, qui a été canonisée car elle est la première chrétienne d'Amiens dont le nom soit connu et qui a connu le martyr des premiers chrétiens. Les reliques ont été trouvées en 1842 dans les catacombes Saint-Hermès de Rome et ont été rapportées en 1854 dans sa ville natale. Pour cette raison, Charles de l'Escalopier est représenté dans la chapelle dédiée à Sainte-Theudosie à côté d'Antoine de Salinis.

Il fit construire la Maison de L'Escalopier à Montmartre, impasse Marie-Blanche en style troubadour. Il y installa un petit musée d'orfèvrerie médiévale. Il fit construire également une serre où il conservait des plantes exotiques. Enfin, il transforma le bâtiment en bibliothèque.

Il fit don à sa mort de ses collections à la ville d'Amiens, dont une bibliothèque de , constituant un fonds particulier, disposé à partir de 1870 dans une salle spéciale de la Bibliothèque Municipale d'Amiens.

Il habitait aussi le château de Liancourt-Fosse, détruit à la suite de la Première Guerre mondiale.

En 1997, les archives départementales de la Somme rachetèrent le fonds d'archives Charles de L'Escalopier, coté 41 J 1 à 34, constitué essentiellement de baux des seigneurs de Liancourt-Fosse.

Œuvres
 Essai sur la châtellenie et l'abbaye de Saint-Just-en-Chaussée, 1835.
 Annales mundi ad annum (1264), 1842.
 Sicardi, évêque de Crémone (1183-1215) Mitrale, sève de officiis ecclesiasticis Summa, 1855.
 Théophile, prêtre et moine, Essai sur divers arts, 1843.

Distinctions
 Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur (1873).

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Bibliographie

Articles connexes
 Familles subsistantes de la noblesse française
 Manuscrit en forme de Lys

Liens externes

Historien français du XIXe siècle
Naissance en avril 1812
Naissance dans la Somme
Décès en octobre 1861
Décès à 50 ans
Décès dans la Somme
Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Arrival in Moscow. Transfer from the train station/airport to the hotel without guide. Shower/rest. Meet with you guide at the hotel lobby to start the tour. Moscow is a huge city and it takes days to really get to know it well. However, if you don't have much time, this 4-hour city tour will take you to the most popular sights and monuments of the Russian capital city. You'll be picked up from your hotel by a professional guide who will introduce you to the remarkable history of Russia. You will see such places as Red Square, Christ the Savior Cathedral, Arbat, Tverskaya Street, Poklonnaya and Vorobyovy Hills, Boulevard and Garden Rings, Novodevichy Convent, Kremlin (no entrance), Alexander Garden and many more. You will also explore one of the most interesting sites in Moscow – Moscow Underground! First opened in 1935 with only one line and 13 stations, it has developed into a parallel world with its own legends and traditions. The system now accumulates over 200 stations, 12 lines, monorail and an orbital railroad which all together allows more than 8 million people to use it on daily basis. Moscow metro is world famous for its beautiful stations and still remains one of the most remarkable underground systems. Incredible cooperation of engineering and art brings the design of the underground to an absolutely new level. Enjoy the impressive interior ornaments of the Soviet era created in the Socialist Realism style (bronze sculptures, semiprecious stones, mosaics and frescoes, stained glass and monumental statues). Each line has a number, name and colour that made them quite easy to remember. Stations to visit: Novoslobodskaya, Mayakovskaya, Komsomolskaya, Ploshad Revolyutsii, and Kiyevskaya.
You'll be picked up from your hotel by a professional guide and taken to see the Kremlin. The Kremlin is the most recognizable image of Russia and the most visited place in Moscow. On this tour you will walk on the Kremlin territory basically breathing in the history. The guide will show you the largest bombard in the world – the Tsar Cannon – and the largest bell in the world – the Tsar Bell. You will visit three Royal Cathedrals: Assumption, Annunciation and Michael Archangel Cathedrals. You'll have a look at the Senate where the President works and the State Kremlin Palace. You'll also see the Moscow Kremlin's Faceted Chamber and Grand Kremlin Palace from the outside. You'll finish the tour by visiting one of the oldest museums in Russia – the Armoury. Transfer back to the hotel. End of the program.
The price might change depending on your dates and due to the accommodation availability.
Please note that if you arrive at night (12pm-6am), extra charge will occur.