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Q: Use a cached version of a php page unless the database has changed I've looked at similar questions about caching in PHP and I'm still stumped as to how to check whether the database has changed without making a new call to the database, which would defeat the point of caching.
I understand technically how to implement caching in PHP -- using ETag and Last Modified headers, output buffering, storing static files, etc. What is tripping me up is how to determine when to serve up a new version of a page instead of a cached version. If the database content has changed, I want to show the new version and not the cached version.
For example, let's say I have a page that displays details about a product. Generally, once the product info is stored in the database, it won't change much. But occasionally there might be an edit to the product description or a price change. If the product has a new price, I don't want to show the user the old price by using a cached version of the page. For that reason, updating the cached content every hour doesn't seem sufficient. Not to mention that that's too often for the content that doesn't change, the real problem is that it won't update the content fast enough when there is a change.
So should I store something (e.g., an ETag value or a static html file) every time the product database is updated through a form in the Admin area of the application? What am I missing here?
[Note: Not interested in using a caching library here. I'd like to learn how to do it in straight PHP for now.]

A: Caching is a pretty complex topic, because you can cache all sort of data in various places. Usually you implement caching to relieve bottlenecks in your server structure.
In your setup you can cache data at three different locations:
1) Clientside, between client and server
You would use this method to save bandwidth and shorten loading times for the user. You can achieve this by setting cache related fields into the http header (Cache-Control, Expires, ETag and so on).
If you use Cache-Control or Expires, the decision wether to load an updated version from the server or not purely depends on the client. So even if there is a new version available, the user won't see it. On the plus side you are saving lots of cpu cycles on the server, because your php script won't be executed.
If you use ETag, you can inform the client on each request, if the version of the requested content has changed. But your php script will be executed on each request, even if the ETag is unchanged.
2) Serverside, between client and server
This kind of caching primarily reduces high cpu load on your server. It won't affect the amount of traffic generated between client and server.
You can use a client proxy like Varnish to store rendered responses on the server side. The good thing is, that you have full control over the cache. If an updated version of a requested content is available, you can simply purge the old version from the cache, so that a new version is generated from your php script and stored in your cache.
Every response that is cacheable will only be generated one time and then be served from cache to the clients.
3) In your application
If you are heavily using your database, you should consider using a fast key value store like memcached to cache query results. Of course you have to adjust your database classes for this (first ask memcached, if memcached doesn't have the result ask the database and store the result into memcached), but the performance gain will be quite impressive, because memcached is really fast.
Sometimes it even makes sense to store data solely in memcached, if the data doesn't has to be persisted permanently (php sessions for example).

A: I had also faced the same problem long back (I dont know if you will find my way to be correct).
Why I needed the cache  :-
What my site use to do was, it use to update the database by running the script on cron.php file and index.php use to show the listing from database (this use to take ages to load )
my solution :-
every time a new list was created or updated I unlinked the cache file then on index.php page I checked if cache file exists load cache or else load content from database also at the same time write this data to the cache file so next time when user requests for index.php file


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Kanton Yerville is een voormalig kanton van het Franse departement Seine-Maritime. Het kanton maakte deel uit van het arrondissement Rouen. Het werd opgeheven bij decreet van 27 februari 2014 met uitwerking in maart 2015.

Gemeenten
Het kanton Yerville omvatte de volgende gemeenten:

 Ancretiéville-Saint-Victor
 Auzouville-l'Esneval
 Bourdainville
 Cideville
 Criquetot-sur-Ouville
 Ectot-l'Auber
 Ectot-lès-Baons
 Étoutteville
 Flamanville
 Grémonville
 Hugleville-en-Caux
 Lindebeuf
 Motteville
 Ouville-l'Abbaye
 Saint-Martin-aux-Arbres
 Saussay
 Vibeuf
 Yerville (hoofdplaats)

Yerville

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Home > Dating > Heath Ledger
Posted on October 5, 2020 December 10, 2020 by
Michelle Williams and Heath Ledger
Michelle Williams is pregnant AND engaged to Hamilton director Thomas Kail… 8 months post-divorce
Celebrity Dating History: Michelle Williams
Who is Michelle Williams Dating Now?
Michelle Williams and Sam Rockwell are swearing off chicken and cigarettes after 'Fosse/Verdon'
Inside Michelle Williams' Love Life Since Heath Ledger: From Jason Segel to Her New Husband
Michelle Williams Keeps Her Love Life Under Wraps
9 Things You Didn't Know About Heath Ledger And Michelle Williams' Relationship
Girls Will Smith Has Dated!
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Michelle Williams hasn't won an Oscar yet, but once again, she should really be in the running for her latest performance. But in the interest of separating fact and fiction, really for the greater good, she did reveal that she and Phil Elverum surprise! Privacy has been of the utmost importance to Williams, who was determined to keep her child out of the public eye and knew that living in L.
To the young organizers of today's marchforourlives, we stand with you and are inspired by you. And we will continue to use our voices and our votes to bring real change.
Williams is engaged to Thomas Kail, a film and theater director best known for his work on Hamilton. It's not clear when they began dating, but.
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The year-old actress, who sported her usual blonde pixie cut, was spotted standing next to her wheely case in a terminal as she made a call on her cellphone on Monday. Michelle Williams news, gossip, photos of Michelle Williams, biography, Michelle Williams boyfriend list Relationship history. Michelle Williams relationship list. Michelle Williams dating history, , , list of Michelle Williams relationships.
Like mother, like daughter. Both flash equally infectious grins in Brooklyn. This is your place for personalized style advice. The year-old star wore a casual wintry look teaming a chunky black sweater with patterned pants as she was spotted in Brooklyn, New York during a lunch outing. When it comes to traveling, we put as much thought into our plane attire as we do the items we pack for the trip.
Michelle Williams is having quite a year. And now, fans have learned that she's finding happiness in her personal life as well. Williams is engaged to Thomas Kail, a film and theater director best known for his work on Hamilton. People first reported the news, alongside a photo of the happy couple , with Williams showing off her new engagement ring.
In case you haven't heard yet, Michelle Williams is married! The actress recently confirmed the news to Vanity Fair, revealing that she tied the.
Michelle Williams, 37, shocked fans on Thursday when she revealed that she secretly married indie musician Phil Elverum, 40, in a new Vanity Fair profile. The two dated for three years before breaking up in late — just five months before Ledger was found dead of a drug overdose in January After his death, Williams bought a house in upstate New York where she raised Matilda. Williams started dating Spike Jonze in July , six months after Ledger's death.
She later admitted in a Vogue cover story that she realized it was too soon after his death for her. This erroneous idea: It just makes things more complicated. The two hit it off and dated for over a year, with Segel growing close to Matilda and even watching her for Williams while the actress worked. The broke up in mid, but the actress spoke positively about the relationship just weeks before news broke.
Youmans was first spotted with Williams in July of that year when the couple strolled the streets of Rome while she was filming All the Money in the World. Though the actress was spotted wearing a sparkler ring finger earlier this year, she denied being engaged to Yourmans and said it was simply jewelry. He started his own operations management and consulting firm, Yomo Consulting, and served as president for 15 years before stepping down in
In , after completing filming on Christopher Nolan 's The Dark Knight , Ledger died as the result of an accidental prescription drug overdose. Ledger had a daughter with actress Michelle Williams. He also had two half-sisters: Ashleigh Bell and Olivia Ledger, both of whom were born into his parents' second marriages. But Ledger's closest family relationship was with Kate, whom he later credited for spurring his acting career. Early in life, Ledger found a passion for playing chess.
Let's take a look at Williams' dating history and who the beautiful blonde fancies now — if anyone. Heath Ledger was her 'first love'. Instagram.
Williams' most high-profile relationship was, of course, with Heath Ledger, with whom she had a daughter, Matilda, before their separation in and his death in Williams has been spotted with other A-listers including Spike Jonze, Jason Segel, and Jonathan Safran Foer in her quest to find love, but what's her current relationship status now? You can see some adorable photos of the couple together here.
Williams and New York financier Andrew Youmans met in and got engaged, reportedly, in It wasn't confirmed, Williams said it was just "beautiful jewelry," and the pair ended up splitting. MichelleWilliams and her new boyfriend AndrewYoumans hit the beach in the Bahamas! See all the pics at the LinkInBio. Williams doesn't often talk about her relationships especially after she and Ledger split , but she did speak about the relationship, saying it helped her believe in love again.
I always say to Matilda, 'Your dad loved me before anybody thought I was talented, or pretty, or had nice clothes,"" she told Vanity Fair when she also announced her surprise nuptials. The two also apparently moved in last summer. Ultimately the way he loves me is the way I want to live my life on the whole.
She embarked on a relationship with her costar Jeremy Jackson after meeting on set, but they managed to keep the news under wraps for nearly two decades. Add to Chrome. Sign in.
After a brief relationship with author Jonathan Safran Foer in , Williams started dating Andrew Yourmans in Youmans was first spotted.
Williams played Jen Lindley on the WB show for five years. The two cowboys carry on a secret romantic relationship throughout the film. She played his onscreen wife! The chemistry between them was so noticeable that even the screenwriter, Diana Ossana, picked up on the sparks. Heath was not about to let her go alone, and as he was getting into the vehicle with her he was smoothing her hair back.
I remember him looking at her, and she looking up at him with these wide eyes. She was almost startled by the attention he was giving her, but you could see it every day from thereon. For him it was truly love at first sight. He was so taken with her. The co-actors fell in love and went on to have a beautiful baby girl together. Their relationship lasted three years. They broke up just one year before Ledger tragically passed away in Williams has connections to a handful of other notable guys in the industry.
The two met in and dated secretly for two years.
Michelle Williams news, gossip, photos of Michelle Williams, biography, Michelle Williams boyfriend list Relationship history. Michelle Williams relationship list. Michelle Williams dating history, , , list of Michelle Williams relationships. She had kept the memory of Heath Ledger alive by staying in the house they shared with their beloved daughter.
Michelle Williams has had a string of high-profile relationships through the years, most famously with the late Heath Ledger and her.
So who was the dad? However, she was pregnant in the year a year later too. She shared her happiness through a Twitter post. The father of this baby is another famous actor Jason Cook. They were engaged in August and had a baby together. Jason was very supportive during the tragic time of her miscarriage. As we already know that Jason is very supportive even during the time of her miscarriage, he must be supportive of the other times as well.
This might be why they are having this cute long-term relationship. June 22, First published on: One of the famous American actresses, a television director, and a dancer Kimberly McCullough is currently 40 years old. Today, through this article, we'll let you know Kimberly McCullough dating history. Kimberly McCullough first made her on-screen appearance at the age of seven. Eat in our modern cafe bar and indulge in a filling meal from our menu, with something to suit any appetite.
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Michelle Williams Dating History. Relationship info powered by: WhosDatedWho.com. Married; Relationship; "Encounter".
Michelle Williams is pregnant and engaged to Hamilton director Thomas Kail, just eight months after her marriage to Mount Eerie musician Phil Elverum ended. While little was revealed about why they were going their separate ways, the split was said to be amicable. Cupid: It's believed that Michelle's year-old daughter Matilda played 'matchmaker' to the couple. Matilda is the actress' daughter with the late Heath Ledger. Visit site. She's a Louis Vuitton ambassador, so it was no surprise to see Michelle Williams wearing a dress by the iconic brand as she stepped out to a press event earlier this year.
We love the monochrome palette, chic high neck shape and short sleeves on this dress, which Michelle teamed with black ankle boots. But of course it's really all about that stand-out print! Click right to find out how to get your hands on this exact dress, or check out the more budget-friendly alternatives in our edit below instead. They started dating that year and Michelle gave birth to their daughter Matilda in October the following year.
Including jason segel isn't trying to 'love life. Aria and dating cold woman Red cross; jason segel relationship with girlfriend list This list
Sam Rockwell and Michelle Williams of FX's "Fosse/Verdon" pose back to back relishing the pair's showbiz history, which included relationships with Neil Rockwell, 50, lives in the East Village with his longtime girlfriend.
Michelle Williams never wants to see a chicken breast again. And though Sam Rockwell used to enjoy the occasional smoke, half a year spent with a cigarette dangling from his lip has destroyed any remaining love for nicotine. Seeing each other for the first time since the production wrapped in late March, Williams and Rockwell greet each other like reunited siblings who made it through an exhausting childhood and somehow still love their demanding parents.
We convened some top TV pundits to predict who will win the Emmys. Can you do better than our experts? She pauses, giving him the once-over, seemingly having trouble reconciling the man before her with the actor who played the balding Fosse. You look good. Verdon and Fosse each went through emotional upheavals at a young age.
You gotta bleed a little bit. But she could always ask for another take while filming a movie or TV project. And, for better and for worse, you can feel the audience strongly and it imprints on you. I just felt raw doing it. It was crucifyingly difficult.
Serena Williams Confirms Breakup With BF Patrick Mouratoglou, Says She's Single
NBC reality show will divulge details tonight for Chattanooga area's Chad White, Bethany Holtsclaw
Who is Nick Cannon dating?
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Ex-Kiss trio joke listeners should expect gaffe-filled debut on Radio 1
Rickie Williams, Charlie Hedges and Melvin Odoom
Rickie Williams, Melvin Odoom and Charlie Hedges have admitted there is a risk they will forget which station they work for when they debut on BBC Radio 1.
The trio – who hosted the Kiss 100 Breakfast Show until last year – jokingly warned listeners to prepare for a gaffe-filled first show on Monday April 1.
Asked what fans should expect, Williams replied: "A lot of f*** ups, a lot of pressing the wrong button and probably saying the wrong station."
We have missed you guys and hope you can come and listen to our new show on @BBCR1 Monday April 1st 9pm till 11 mon-thurs xxAND if you want to listen back the following morning, download the @bbcsounds app it's amazing See you in 10 days and 12 hours @rickiehw @Melvinodoom pic.twitter.com/2QuM5mZuTC
— charlie hedges (@charliehedges) March 22, 2019
He said the trio have no intention of imitating previous presenter Charlie Sloth's style.
Sloth hosted the 9pm-11pm weekday slot as well as Saturday night's The Rap Show on Radio 1 and 1Xtra but left the station in October, earlier than planned, following a foul-mouthed outburst at an awards ceremony.
Williams said the incoming trio are "completely different" and their show will not be "comparable" to Sloth's.
He praised Sloth for his work at the BBC but said their show will be "more about us and what we can do".
He said: "We know Charlie. We've known Charlie for a long time and Charlie did amazing things at the BBC.
"But this is more about us and what we can do. I don't look at it like we are doing Charlie's old show.
We're in the building!! @rickiehw Me and @charliehedges start our new show on @BBCR1 – April 1st Mon – Thursday 9pm – 11pm We have missed you!x  https://t.co/cNEP9ZejDb
— Melvin Odoom (@Melvinodoom) March 19, 2019
"I look at it like, we've been asked to come on to Radio 1. This is our chance to do what we are good at.
"If we were trying to do (Sloth's show) The 8th with Rickie, Melvin and Charlie then it would be comparable, but we're not trying to do that."
Odoom added: "It's a completely different show and we are completely different entities.
"No-one would ever compare us as presenters to Charlie Sloth. We are completely different."
Their two-hour programme will run Monday-Thursday from 9pm on both Radio 1 and 1Xtra.
Odoom said presenting after the watershed will allow the trio to deal with "edgier" topics.
Speaking about the opportunities of the late night slot, he said: "Freedom my friend. We're allowed to talk about stuff we were not usually allowed to talk about doing the breakfast show.
"Obviously, there were young people listening.
"In terms of stories it will be similar thing, but I think it will be a slightly edgier perspective on things."


Organic cashews are coated in organic dark chocolate. It was coated by a chocolate maker in California. Comes in 8 oz bag.
Allergen Statement: Contains cashews, milk, and soy and may contain wheat, peanuts, and other tree nuts.


(Re)-Discover the Beaujolais through a new Philosophy that embrace a new generation of winemakers and the characterful or their wines: the spirit of sharing.
Tasting a Beaujolais create a sharing experience: a festive, expressive or exceptional moment. Learn about the taste of a Beaujolais life!


Your blood sugar level, or blood glucose, is the amount of sugar in the blood stream. Pretty basic, right? You eat, you digest carbs with the help of insulin, a hormone released by the pancreas, and then your cells use the resulting glucose for energy. When the pancreas doesn't produce the proper amount of insulin to regulate glucose - a telling sign of diabetes - this is where your blood sugar levels can be too high. Albert Ahn, MD, clinical instructor of internal medicine at NYU Langone, told POPSUGAR that, in terms of regulating your blood sugar, "Unless you have diabetes, your body does this for you." While some people's bodies do this better than others, "Technically speaking, everyone's sugars do stay in a pretty normal, pretty consistent level."


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ABOUT TRADFEST
THE ORGANISERS
TRADSHOP
Michelle Mulcahy
Date: Sun 26th of January
Time: Doors 12.30pm / Show 1pm
Venue: Rathfarnham Castle
Ticket: €14.99
Michelle Mulcahy, from Co. Limerick is considered to be one of Ireland's most talented multi-instrumentalists in Irish traditional music today. Her array of instrumental mastery spans concertina, harp, fiddle, accordion, piano and melodeon. She is a much sought after performer, tutor and lecturer at music festivals and music schools worldwide and has toured extensively in Europe, United States, Canada, China, Australia, New Zealand and Asia. Michelle has recorded four highly acclaimed albums on American record label Shanachie and Irish record label Chlo- Iar Chonnachta with her father Mick Mulcahy and sister Louise. Michelle's debut solo harp album 'Suaimhneas' has been receiving worldwide acclaim as one of the top contemporary harp albums. She has also recorded with Riverdance composer Bill Whelan and the Irish Chamber Orchestra on his highly acclaimed Connemara suite album. Michelle has received numerous national All Ireland Titles and international awards for her musicianship as well as numerous scholarships during her course of academic studies. A player at the very top of her craft.
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He has authored numerous technical papers on directional drilling and underbalanced drilling. He was a contributing author to the Underbalanced Drilling Manual published by _ outline Information.
Websites are hacked daily and their data is stolen by hackers. This data often contains the personal information of the registered users of these sites, including passwords ( which are often encrypted, but not always), emails, full names, usernames, IP addresses as well as other pieces of information. These breaches put the security and privacy of the affected users at. 000webhost In approximately March, the free web hosting provider 000webhost suffered a major data breach that exposed almost 15 million customer records.
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Between Den Haag HS and Rotterdam Centraal far fewer trains are running due to damaged overhead wires.
The extra travel time is about 60 minutes.
Use the HTM tram around Den Haag between Den Haag Centraal and Delft.
Between Den Haag HS and Schiedam Centrum far fewer trains are running due to damaged overhead wires.
Between Den Haag HS and Delft there is a service disruption due to damaged overhead wires.
This disruption started at 6:09 PM on February 22, 2018 and took 1 hour in total.


text:
Getting faster, better trains to Weymouth
Richard has campaigned for a new, improved service from Weymouth to London via Yeovil Junction and Salisbury, which should shave at least 30 minutes off the total journey time from Waterloo to Weymouth. His campaign so far is detailed below.
However, for now, the British government has suspended the rail franchise system as the disruption from the coronavirus pandemic has hit passenger numbers hard. The Department for Transport announced in March 2020 that it would temporarily end normal franchise agreements and transfer all revenue and cost risk to the government for at least half a year. Operators will continue to run services day to day for a small management fee under an "emergency measures agreement", it said.
HISTORY OF THE CAMPAIGN
In his quest to improve rail services from London to Weymouth, Richard is is now working with new South Western Railway franchisees, FirstGroup and MTR, who took over on August 20th, 2017. The service currently suffers from fewer, slower and shorter trains beyond Bournemouth, due to a reduction in electrification.
Richard met Andy Mellors, Managing Director of South Western Railway in the House of Commons on November 15, 2017, to discuss future plans for the service.
The meeting focused on concerns raised by Richard's constituents over plans for a new timetable, which was mooted as part of a consultation which closed on December 22, 2017.
"In particular, we talked about the reduction in direct trains to London, how smaller stations lose out and the need for passengers at some smaller stations to change trains," says Drax.
"Mr Mellors, who has already received at least 2,000 emails during the consultation about the new timetabling, assured me that SWR is listening."
"SWR is proposing running faster peak trains from Weymouth to London, along with stopping services for local journeys. However, the infrastructure and power constraints on this busy line limit the amount of trains that can operate."
"That's why I continued to push for improvements to the Salisbury line and Yeovil Junction, which will speed up trains and reduce congestion. I am also delighted that Network Rail, which is responsible for rail infrastructure, has now documented these improvements."
"I also again raised the issue of refurbishing Weymouth station, as I believe it needs it."
Richard met the new operators as soon as they were in place in August 2017 and has continued to press for upgrades to both Weymouth Station and the line. In particular, Richard backs a new route to London via Yeovil Junction and Salisbury, which could cut at leat 30 minutes off the total journey time to the capital.
Richard's suggested new route would require the doubling of new track near Tisbury, some longer platforms at stations along the line and improvements to Yeovil Junction.
The Local Enterprise Partnership has presented a 95-page report on the upgrade requirements to the Minister, while South Western railway is investigating upgrading Weymouth Station.
After the results of the consultation are taken into consideration, revised plans will be presented by SWR to the DfT and then Network Rail for approval in March 2018.
Once SWR has an agreement, they plan to summarise the changes and prepare revised timetables for services planned for December 2018 onwards.
Meanwhile, SWR says that from May 2018, customers will start to see the benefit of some of the capacity improvements, while they work with Network Rail to improve infrastructure and minimise disruption.
ON March 27,2017 it was announced that South West Trains has lost the rail franchise to a consortium of FirstGroup (70%) and MTR (30%).
Around 14% of all UK rail journeys are made on the current south western rail network, with 1700 trains per day serving more than 200 stations in London, Berkshire, Devon, Dorset, Hampshire Surrey, Wiltshire and the Isle of Wight.
Richard has long campaigned for the improvement of rail services to Weymouth, which suffer from fewer, slower and shorter trains due to a reduction in electrification beyond Bournemouth. Current plans under review include a new, fast service to London Waterloo, via Dorchester West, Yeovil Junction and Salisbury, with no other stops. South West trains believed that with some infrastructure work this plan would be feasible and Richard will waste no time in meeting with the new rail operators to ensure that they are on board with the plans.
To improve speeds from Weymouth to London via a new route would be the culmination of many years of effort. On December 15, 2015, Richard led a delegration including other local MPs, Councillors and the LEP to a meeting with the Undersecretary of State for Transport, Claire Perry. On the same afternoon he called a debate in Westminster Hall to discuss the proposals and the benefits they would bring to towns all the way up the line.
In January 2016, the Minister asked Network Rail to investigate possible costs for the plan.
Meanwhile, Local Enterprise Partnerships, Local Councils and MPs along the route all submitted proposals to the DfT's South West Franchise public consultation, which closed on February 9, 2016.
Two companies; the incumbent Stagecoach South West Ltd and FirstGroup's First South Western Trains Ltd have been shortlisted to bid for the next South Western passenger franchise and the next franchise would start when Stagecoach's current contract ends in June 2017.
The length of the new franchise is still to be determined.


Hypertension (HTN) is common in pediatric recipients following kidney transplantation (KT).
Hypertension (HTN) is common in pediatric recipients following kidney transplantation (KT). 1 antihypertensive, GS at 15 years was 100% for all those using an angiotensin switching enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), and 44% for all those not really using an ACEI (p=0.04). Among these recipients, HTN treated without ACEI was a substantial risk aspect for graft failing at 5 years (threat proportion [HR] = 2.5, p=0.02), but HTN treated with an ACEI had not been (HR=0.6, p=0.7). HTN at 5 years post-KT can be connected with poorer long-term GS in pediatric recipients, but ACEI therapy may enable better final results and should end up being studied additional. (PO), and tapered to 0.45 mg/kg/day at four weeks post-KT, then to 0.25C0.3 mg/kg/time at 12 months. For recipients pursuing RDP, a bolus dosage of prednisone was implemented intraoperatively (10 mg/kg [IV]) and tapered until discontinuation on time 6 post-KT (1 mg/kg IV on time 1, 0.5 mg/kg IV on times 2 and 3, 0.25 mg/kg IV on times 4 and 5, and 0 mg/kg on day 6). Azathioprine was began at 5 mg/kg/time PO on your day of KT, and tapered to 2C2.5 mg/kg/day PO within the first week post-KT. Mycophenolate mofetil (Hoffman-La Roche, Nutley, NJ) was presented with at 600 mg/m2/dosage PO and provides changed azathioprine in RDP recipients since 2002. From 2/1984 to 5/1993, cyclosporine was began on post-KT time 10C12 (5 mg/kg/time PO, then decreased by 1 mg/kg/time monthly to a maintenance dosage of 3 mg/kg/time). From 6/1993, cyclosporine was began (at 6C10 mg/kg/time in divided dosages) on post-KT times 1C5. Rejection process Recipients with 25% upsurge in serum creatinine level from baseline underwent percutaneous allograft biopsy, and everything rejection episodes had been verified by histological evaluation. Rejection was characterized as severe or chronic, and tubulointerstitial or vascular by set up requirements (20). Rejection shows had been treated with intravenous steroids for 3 times and an instant dental steroid taper; steroid-resistant rejection DBU IC50 shows and serious rejection episodes had been additionally treated with DBU IC50 OKT3 or Thymogobulin therapy for 5C7 times. All RDP recipients who experienced an severe rejection episode had been placed back again on maintenance corticosteroids. Statistical Evaluation Categorical variables had been examined using the Chi-square ensure that you Fishers exact check (for small test size). Continuous factors were examined using the two-sided learners check. Actuarial PS, GS and death-censored GS (DCGS) prices were computed using Kaplan-Meier analyses, as well as the Log-rank check was utilized to evaluate distinctions between cohorts. Statistical significance corresponded to p-values 0.05 utilizing a 95% confidence interval. To take into account feasible confounders, we researched selected pre-KT elements for possible organizations with antihypertensive medicine make use of at 5 years post-KT utilizing a logistic regression evaluation with a forwards stepwise model selection procedure DBU IC50 (=0.05). Another logistic regression evaluation was applied Mouse monoclonal to CD37.COPO reacts with CD37 (a.k.a. gp52-40 ), a 40-52 kDa molecule, which is strongly expressed on B cells from the pre-B cell sTage, but not on plasma cells. It is also present at low levels on some T cells, monocytes and granulocytes. CD37 is a stable marker for malignancies derived from mature B cells, such as B-CLL, HCL and all types of B-NHL. CD37 is involved in signal transduction to determine whether chosen post-KT elements were connected with antihypertensive medicine make use of DBU IC50 at 5 years. You start with a logistic regression model that included significant pre-KT risk elements from the initial evaluation, a forwards, stepwise model selection procedure was repeated. We also researched pre- and post-KT elements for possible organizations with GS at 5 years post-KT using Cox proportional dangers modeling. Pre-KT elements (i.e., known during KT) which were studied because of their feasible association with antihypertensive medicine make use DBU IC50 of and GS at 5 years included receiver age group (5C11 and 12C18 vs. 5 years) and donor age group ( 18 and 55 vs. 18C55 years), receiver race (BLACK [AA] vs. non-AA), recipient gender, donor type (DD vs. LD), pre-KT HTN, pre-KT nephrectomy, pre-KT hemodialysis ( 12 months and 12 months vs. non-e), postponed graft function, corticosteroid make use of (RDP vs. regular steroid-based immunosuppression), transplant period (2000C2005 vs. 1984C1999), and major disease procedure (congenital structural anomalies, glomerulonephritis, congenital nephrotic symptoms, and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis). Post-KT elements including background of severe rejection (AR) or persistent rejection (CR) at 5 years post-KT and eGFR ( 60 or 60C100 vs. 100 mL/min/1.73m2) in 5 years post-KT were studied because of their possible organizations with antihypertensive medicine make use of and GS in 5 years post-KT, and HTN treated with an ACEI (vs. not really treated with an ACEI) and HTN treated with an ACEI or ARB (vs. not really treated with an ACEI or ARB) had been studied because of their possible organizations with GS at 5 years post-KT. Outcomes Receiver demographics are proven in Desk 1, and usage of antihypertensives stratified by course of drug is certainly shown in Desk 2. From the 293 recipients contained in the evaluation, 160 (54.6%).


Yippee, it is Word of the Week Time!
Before we get to the Word of the Week we would like to wish you a Happy International Dot Day! Stanley and I have been super busy getting ready for our book release, and assisting Neighbor Girl with The Write Chat, that we didn't prepare anything special this year. Yes, we are bummed, too, BUT we would like to share our post from last year with you.
We do love this day and encourage you to celebrate it today, or anytime this week, really.
Okay, back to our Word of the Week...we would love to hear how you are using the Words of the Week. Take a moment to share in the comments below.
you will use the word PERMEATE this week.


text:
/*
 * Inspired by breakpoint overflow test done by
 * Vince Weaver <vincent.weaver@maine.edu> for perf_event_tests
 * (git://github.com/deater/perf_event_tests)
 */

/*
 * Powerpc needs __SANE_USERSPACE_TYPES__ before <linux/types.h> to select
 * 'int-ll64.h' and avoid compile warnings when printing __u64 with %llu.
 */
#define __SANE_USERSPACE_TYPES__

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <linux/compiler.h>
#include <linux/hw_breakpoint.h>

#include "tests.h"
#include "debug.h"
#include "perf.h"
#include "cloexec.h"

static int fd1;
static int fd2;
static int overflows;

__attribute__ ((noinline))
static int test_function(void)
{
	return time(NULL);
}

static void sig_handler(int signum __maybe_unused,
			siginfo_t *oh __maybe_unused,
			void *uc __maybe_unused)
{
	overflows++;

	if (overflows > 10) {
		/*
		 * This should be executed only once during
		 * this test, if we are here for the 10th
		 * time, consider this the recursive issue.
		 *
		 * We can get out of here by disable events,
		 * so no new SIGIO is delivered.
		 */
		ioctl(fd1, PERF_EVENT_IOC_DISABLE, 0);
		ioctl(fd2, PERF_EVENT_IOC_DISABLE, 0);
	}
}

static int bp_event(void *fn, int setup_signal)
{
	struct perf_event_attr pe;
	int fd;

	memset(&pe, 0, sizeof(struct perf_event_attr));
	pe.type = PERF_TYPE_BREAKPOINT;
	pe.size = sizeof(struct perf_event_attr);

	pe.config = 0;
	pe.bp_type = HW_BREAKPOINT_X;
	pe.bp_addr = (unsigned long) fn;
	pe.bp_len = sizeof(long);

	pe.sample_period = 1;
	pe.sample_type = PERF_SAMPLE_IP;
	pe.wakeup_events = 1;

	pe.disabled = 1;
	pe.exclude_kernel = 1;
	pe.exclude_hv = 1;

	fd = sys_perf_event_open(&pe, 0, -1, -1,
				 perf_event_open_cloexec_flag());
	if (fd < 0) {
		pr_debug("failed opening event %llx\n", pe.config);
		return TEST_FAIL;
	}

	if (setup_signal) {
		fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK|O_ASYNC);
		fcntl(fd, F_SETSIG, SIGIO);
		fcntl(fd, F_SETOWN, getpid());
	}

	ioctl(fd, PERF_EVENT_IOC_RESET, 0);

	return fd;
}

static long long bp_count(int fd)
{
	long long count;
	int ret;

	ret = read(fd, &count, sizeof(long long));
	if (ret != sizeof(long long)) {
		pr_debug("failed to read: %d\n", ret);
		return TEST_FAIL;
	}

	return count;
}

int test__bp_signal(int subtest __maybe_unused)
{
	struct sigaction sa;
	long long count1, count2;

	/* setup SIGIO signal handler */
	memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(struct sigaction));
	sa.sa_sigaction = (void *) sig_handler;
	sa.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO;

	if (sigaction(SIGIO, &sa, NULL) < 0) {
		pr_debug("failed setting up signal handler\n");
		return TEST_FAIL;
	}

	/*
	 * We create following events:
	 *
	 * fd1 - breakpoint event on test_function with SIGIO
	 *       signal configured. We should get signal
	 *       notification each time the breakpoint is hit
	 *
	 * fd2 - breakpoint event on sig_handler without SIGIO
	 *       configured.
	 *
	 * Following processing should happen:
	 *   - execute test_function
	 *   - fd1 event breakpoint hit -> count1 == 1
	 *   - SIGIO is delivered       -> overflows == 1
	 *   - fd2 event breakpoint hit -> count2 == 1
	 *
	 * The test case check following error conditions:
	 * - we get stuck in signal handler because of debug
	 *   exception being triggered receursively due to
	 *   the wrong RF EFLAG management
	 *
	 * - we never trigger the sig_handler breakpoint due
	 *   to the rong RF EFLAG management
	 *
	 */

	fd1 = bp_event(test_function, 1);
	fd2 = bp_event(sig_handler, 0);

	ioctl(fd1, PERF_EVENT_IOC_ENABLE, 0);
	ioctl(fd2, PERF_EVENT_IOC_ENABLE, 0);

	/*
	 * Kick off the test by trigering 'fd1'
	 * breakpoint.
	 */
	test_function();

	ioctl(fd1, PERF_EVENT_IOC_DISABLE, 0);
	ioctl(fd2, PERF_EVENT_IOC_DISABLE, 0);

	count1 = bp_count(fd1);
	count2 = bp_count(fd2);

	close(fd1);
	close(fd2);

	pr_debug("count1 %lld, count2 %lld, overflow %d\n",
		 count1, count2, overflows);

	if (count1 != 1) {
		if (count1 == 11)
			pr_debug("failed: RF EFLAG recursion issue detected\n");
		else
			pr_debug("failed: wrong count for bp1%lld\n", count1);
	}

	if (overflows != 1)
		pr_debug("failed: wrong overflow hit\n");

	if (count2 != 1)
		pr_debug("failed: wrong count for bp2\n");

	return count1 == 1 && overflows == 1 && count2 == 1 ?
		TEST_OK : TEST_FAIL;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Visualizing the Diversity of the Tech Industry
Jeff Desjardins
With the recent leak of the "Google Manifesto" and the maelstrom of media backlash that followed, it seems that concerns around diversity in the technology industry have finally reached a boiling point.
Today's infographic from Information is Beautiful breaks down the demographics of 23 major tech companies, based on statistics from 2016. It also provides comparisons to the composition of the U.S. population in general, the top 50 U.S. companies, Congress, and Fortune 500 CEOs.
Which Companies Employ the Most Women?
With just a focus on the major companies on this list, here is a breakdown that shows which companies employ the most women:
% of Females
#1 Pandora 48%
#2 Groupon 47%
#3 Indiegogo 45%
#4 Pinterest 44%
#5 eBay 43%
U.S. Population Avg. 50%
The above list already illustrates why diversity is such a concern for many observers of the industry: even the companies with the most women on their rosters have proportions lower than U.S. population average of 50%.
In contrast, here are the companies on the list that employ the fewest women, as a proportion of their workforce:
#18 (t) Salesforce 30%
#18 (t) Youtube 30%
#18 (t) Dell 30%
#21 Microsoft 26%
#22 Intel 25%
#23 Nvidia 16%
Google, which is at the center of debate right now, did not make the list of the companies with the fewest women – but it's not far off with a workforce comprised of 31% women.
What's Changed in the Last 12 Months?
According to Information is Beautiful, here is what has changed in the last 12 months as of their last update (April 2017):
Facebook, Apple, eBay, and Microsoft all had their ratio of women increase by 1%.
LinkedIn had their ratio of women increase by 3%.
Google's gender ratio stayed the same.
Microsoft increased the ratio of non-white employees by 3%, and Facebook by 2%.
Google, Apple, and eBay increased ratio of non-white employees by 1%.
LinkedIn lost 3% of its non-white employees.
Asian staff accounted for the majority of increases in ethnic diversity, while the ratio of Hispanic employees remained static.
To get an even better sense of the data, we recommend visiting the interactive version of Information is Beautiful's graphic, which shows numbers for 2014 and 2015 as well.
Related Topics:googletechwomendiversitymanifesto
How the World's Smartest Cities are Being Built
Error 404: A Look At Digital Decay
Visualizing Women's Economic Rights Around the World
A lot has changed since Yahoo and AOL were the homepages of choice. This visualization looks at the largest internet giants in the U.S. since 1998.
The 20 Internet Giants That Rule the Web (1998-Today)
With each passing year, an increasingly large segment of the population no longer remembers images loading a single pixel row at a time, the earsplitting sound of a 56k modem, or the early domination of web portals.
Many of the top websites in 1998 were news aggregators or search portals, which are easy concepts to understand. Today, brand touch-points are often spread out between devices (e.g. mobile apps vs. desktop) and a myriad of services and sub-brands (e.g. Facebook's constellation of apps). As a result, the world's biggest websites are complex, interconnected web properties.
The visualization above, which primarily uses data from ComScore's U.S. Multi-Platform Properties ranking, looks at which of the internet giants have evolved to stay on top, and which have faded into internet lore.
America Moves Online
For millions of curious people the late '90s, the iconic AOL compact disc was the key that opened the door to the World Wide Web. At its peak, an estimated 35 million people accessed the internet using AOL, and the company rode the Dotcom bubble to dizzying heights, reaching a valuation of $222 billion dollars in 1999.
AOL's brand may not carry the caché it once did, but the brand never completely faded into obscurity. The company continually evolved, finally merging with Yahoo after Verizon acquired both of the legendary online brands. Verizon had high hopes for the company—called Oath—to evolve into a "third option" for advertisers and users who were fed up with Google and Facebook.
Sadly, those ambitions did not materialize as planned. In 2019, Oath was renamed Verizon Media, and was eventually sold once again in 2021.
A City of Gifs and Web Logs
As internet usage began to reach critical mass, web hosts such as AngelFire and GeoCities made it easy for people to create a new home on the Web.
GeoCities, in particular, made a huge impact on the early internet, hosting millions of websites and giving people a way to actually participate in creating online content. If it were a physical community of "home" pages, it would've been the third largest city in America, after Los Angeles.
This early online community was at risk of being erased permanently when GeoCities was finally shuttered by Yahoo in 2009, but luckily, the nonprofit Internet Archive took special efforts to create a thorough record of GeoCities-hosted pages.
In December of 1998, long before Amazon became the well-oiled retail machine we know today, the company was in the midst of a massive holiday season crunch.
In the real world, employees were pulling long hours and even sleeping in cars to keep the goods flowing, while online, Amazon.com had become one of the biggest sites on the internet as people began to get comfortable with the idea of purchasing goods online. Demand surged as the company began to expand their offering beyond books.
Amazon.com has grown to be the most successful merchant on the Internet.
– New York Times (1998)
Digital Magazine Rack
Meredith will be an unfamiliar brand to many people looking at today's top 20 list. While Meredith may not be a household name, the company controlled many of the country's most popular magazine brands (People, AllRecipes, Martha Stewart, Health, etc.) including their sizable digital footprints. The company also owned a slew of local television networks around the United States.
After its acquisition of Time Inc. in 2017, Meredith became the largest magazine publisher in the world. Since then, however, Meredith has divested many of its most valuable assets (Time, Sports Illustrated, Fortune). In December 2021, Meredith merged with IAC's Dotdash.
"Hey, Google"
When people have burning questions, they increasingly turn to the internet for answers, but the diversity of sources for those answers is shrinking.
Even as recently as 2013, we can see that About.com, Ask.com, and Answers.com were still among the biggest websites in America. Today though, Google appears to have cemented its status as a universal wellspring of answers.
As smart speakers and voice assistants continue penetrate the market and influence search behavior, Google is unlikely to face any near-term competition from any company not already in the top 20 list.
Social media has long since outgrown its fad stage and is now a common digital thread connecting people across the world. While Facebook rapidly jumped into the top 20 by 2007, other social media infused brands took longer to grow into internet giants.
By 2018, Twitter, Snapchat, and Facebook's umbrella of platforms were all in the top 20, and you can see a more detailed and up-to-date breakdown of the social media universe here.
Today's internet giants have evolved far beyond their ancestors from two decades ago. Many of the companies in the top 20 run numerous platforms and content streams, and more often than not, they are not household names.
A few, such as Mediavine and CafeMedia, are services that manage ads. Others manage content distribution, such as music, or manage a constellation of smaller media properties, as is the case with Hearst.
Lastly, there are still the tech giants. Remarkably, three of the top five web properties were in the top 20 list in 1998. In the fast-paced digital ecosystem, that's some remarkable staying power.
This article was inspired by an earlier work by Philip Bump, published in the Washington Post.
Supercomputers are some of the most advanced machines humans have ever created. See how they stack up in this infographic.
Marcus Lu
A supercomputer is a machine that is built to handle billions, if not trillions of calculations at once. Each supercomputer is actually made up of many individual computers (known as nodes) that work together in parallel.
A common metric for measuring the performance of these machines is flops, or floating point operations per second.
In this visualization, we've used November 2021 data from TOP500 to visualize the computing power of the world's top five supercomputers. For added context, a number of modern consumer devices were included in the comparison.
Ranking by Teraflops
Because supercomputers can achieve over one quadrillion flops, and consumer devices are much less powerful, we've used teraflops as our comparison metric.
1 teraflop = 1,000,000,000,000 (1 trillion) flops.
Teraflops
#1 🇯🇵 Supercomputer Fugaku Supercomputer 537,212
#2 🇺🇸 Summit Supercomputer 200,795
#3 🇺🇸 Sierra Supercomputer 125,712
#4 🇨🇳 Sunway Taihulight Supercomputer 125,436
#5 🇺🇸 Perlmutter Supercomputer 93,750
n/a Nvidia Titan RTX Consumer device 130
n/a Nvidia GeForce RTX 3090 Consumer device 36
n/a Xbox Series X Consumer device 12
n/a Tesla Model S (2021) Consumer device 10
Supercomputer Fugaku was completed in March 2021, and is officially the world's most powerful supercomputer. It's used for various applications, including weather simulations and innovative drug discovery.
Sunway Taihulight is officially China's top supercomputer and fourth most powerful in the world. That said, some experts believe that the country is already operating two much more powerful systems, based on data from anonymous sources.
As you can see, the most advanced consumer devices do not come close to supercomputing power. For example, it would take the combined power of 4,000 Nvidia Titan RTX graphics cards (the most powerful consumer card available) to measure up to the Fugaku.
Upcoming Supercomputers
One of China's unrevealed supercomputers is supposedly named Oceanlite, and is a successor to Sunway Taihulight. It's believed to have reached 1.3 exaflops, or 1.3 quintillion flops. The following table makes it easier to follow all of these big numbers.
Quintillion 1,000,000,000,000,000,000 10^18 Exa
Quadrillion 1,000,000,000,000,000 10^15 Peta
Trillion 1,000,000,000,000 10^12 Tera
Billion 1,000,000,000 10^9 Giga
Million 1,000,000 10^6 Mega
In the U.S., rival chipmakers AMD and Intel have both won contracts from the U.S. Department of Energy to build exascale supercomputers. On the AMD side, there's Frontier and El Capitan, while on the Intel side, there's Aurora.
Also involved in the EL Capitan project is Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE), which claims the supercomputer will be able to reach 2 exaflops upon its completion in 2023. All of this power will be used to support several exciting endeavors:
Enable advanced simulation and modeling to support the U.S. nuclear stockpile and ensure its reliability and security.
Accelerate cancer drug discovery from six years to one year through a partnership with pharmaceutical company, GlaxoSmithKline
Understand the dynamic and mutations of RAS proteins that are linked to 30% of human cancers
Altogether, exascale computing represents the ability to conduct complex analysis in a matter of seconds, rather than hours. This could unlock an even faster pace of innovation.