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What If? The 2015 Texans: The Quarterback Quandary
How the QB drama might have gone in 2015.
By l4blitzer Aug 5, 2022, 12:00pm CDT
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Photo by Leslie Plaza Johnson/Icon Sportswire/Corbis/Icon Sportswire via Getty Images
With the Texans about to celebrate 20 years of playing on the field, we are taking a look back at the previous seasons, looking at various "What If?" scenarios that might have altered the course of the team's history. Next up, the 2015 Texans:
2015 Texans: The team looks to build on the rebound of 2014. The defense becomes the strength of the team. Foster's time in the Houston backfield comes to an abrupt end. However, the focus of the team, for better and worse, is the quarterback position. It runs the gauntlet, from the Hard Knocks documented drama of the battle between Ryan Mallett and Brian Hoyer to injuries, to one of the worst QB performances in NFL playoff history. For this counter-factual, let's look at what if the team made some different decisions.
Decision 1: Mallett is named the starter in training camp:
To start, Mallett's attitude is different. Mallett reports no issues with his alarm clock and is engaged with the team. Hoyer continues to prepare in a professional manner. Hoyer is well situated to work as the back-up, but perhaps as ready as any back-up in the league to step in and reclaim a starting position.
Yet, what happens once the actual games start? The opening day game at Kansas City set the tone for the team and not in a good way. What if Mallett played the whole game as opposed to just the last quarter? While Mallett could not mitigate the Texans' defensive issues, he might have made it a more competitive affair. Yet, it is likely that Mallett would have his erratic moments. It would not be surprising that Mallett stars out inconsistent and off-target, putting the team in a double digit deficit. Eventually, Mallett settles down and does get the Texans back into the game, but ultimately, the team still loses its first season opener since 2009.
While Mallett would still retain the starting job after an opening day loss, the team's fortunes in this scenario do not change all that much, mostly due to the surprising defensive struggles. The team still starts 1-2. Mallett's play in those games is solid, but not spectacular. Then the Texans play Atlanta. With its defense seemingly still stuck in mud, the offense struggles to get anything going. Mallett has an off-game, and the team finds itself down 42-0 in the third quarter. In comes Hoyer to try to salvage something for the team. Hoyer puts up decent numbers, but the final score is hardly something to boast about (48-21).
At this point, the outcry for the Texans to make a change grows. Mallett, previously secure in his status as the starter, feels the short hook after the debacle in Atlanta. BO'B is not happy with the team's overall offensive execution. The team has a short turnaround to get ready for the Colts for a Thursday night game. Mallett, determined to once and for all end the quarterback controversy, looks posed and confident on the opening drive as the Texans march down the field. However, inside the Colts' red zone, the drive suddenly ends with an untimely interception (a deflection off of the running back). For the rest of the half, the offense can't seem to generate anything of significance. The Colts go up 13-0. Midway through the second quarter, Mallett takes a hard shot to the chest and has to come out of the game. Hoyer steps in and plays the rest of the half, much to the chagrin of Mallett, who after a couple of plays, is ready to get back on to the field. Mallett leaves the field early, missing Hoyer's Hail Mary to get the Texans on the board at the end of the half. The Texans lose a tight game to the Colts, 27-20.
In the wake of the Indy debacle, and with the team at 1-4, B'OB decides to make Brian Hoyer the starter against Jacksonville. After making the announcement, Mallett does not take the news well. He is a no show at the following Tuesday practice. He makes an appearance the following Wednesday, and while he does not speak with reporters, B'OB and Smith allude to some personal issue that Mallett needed to resolve. Accusations of immaturity plague Mallett. Still, Mallett manages to get himself together and is with the team when they fly off to Jacksonville. Hoyer plays decently, especially in the second half, and the team comes out with a 31-20 win. After the game, BO'B reiterates his support for Hoyer, ignoring all other questions about Mallet.
Still, Mallett is far from happy. Teammates report that he is late to almost every practice the following week, and Mallett makes national headlines when he does not fly with the team to Miami. A faulty alarm clock is blamed. The Texans don't buy the excuse and deactivate Mallett for the game in Miami, a 44-26 slaughter. The next day, Mallett is released, and the team begins a frantic scramble for some stability under center to back up Hoyer.
At this point, the second order counterfactual takes effect. With no other changes to the timeline, the team still continues on the path of winning a division title, and a date with a major defeat at the hands of Kansas City. Much of that is predicated on the return of a former Texans QB to the fold. Yet, that was not a certainty, leading to the next decision point:
Photo by Andy Lyons/Getty Images
Decision #2: TJ Yates doesn't pick up the phone.
When it becomes apparent that Ryan Mallett was no longer destined to wear Battle Red, Rick Smith needs to find some QB depth. The Texans manage some success with off-the-street guys, a la Case Keenum at the end of the 2014 season. However, Keenum was not available. Enter one Mr. Taylor Jonathan Yates, an unemployed former starting QB for the Texans. Not on a roster to start the 2015 season, Yates would end up finding himself back on the Texans sideline with a bye week to get up to speed. Turns out his signing proved most fortuitous, as he is pressed into immediate action on a Monday night game against Cincinnati. Leading the Texans to the come-from-behind win, he starts the next game against the NY Jets, leading the Texans to perhaps an even more important win. Unfortunately, Yates suffered a season-ending injury during a key game in Indy.
Suffice it to say, TJ Yates played a huge role in getting the Texans' second half surge going. However, what if TJ Yates was not available to take snaps for the Texans during that critical stretch?
In this scenario with no TJ Yates, the Texans find themselves at the point of desperation. In the bye week, needing someone with some degree of NFL experience, they scour the waiver wire. Unfortunately, names such as Thaddeus Lewis and BJ Daniels are currently not available, and with almost no other viable options (rumors of Jeff Garcia and JaMarcus Russell tryouts litter the Houston sports pages), the Texans take a hard look at practice squad player Zac Dysert. He left his alma mater, Miami of Ohio as the all-time passing leader, surpassing Ben Roethlisberger. Still, the thought of Dysert being the only back-up option leaves the Texans management cold. While the Texans activate Dysert for the Titans game, they also place a call to Josh Freeman, previously of the Fall Experimental Football League. Hardly the ideal player, but the Texans lack options. Freeman uses the bye week to learn the BO'B offense. Unfortunately, he doesn't get much of a grace period. Deciding that starting experience for a backup QB matters, the Texans activate Freeman and leave Dysert off the roster. Hoyer's third quarter concussion forces Freeman into immediate action. He at least makes the attempt to get Hopkins involved, but after tying the game at 6 early in the fourth quarter, two consecutive Freeman turnovers later in the quarter lead to 10 Bengals points, and the Bengals remain unbeaten, winning 16-6. Matters do not improve much when the NY Jets come to town. The Texans defense does a solid job keeping former Texans QB Ryan Fitzpatrick in check, holding the Jets to 17 points. However, the Texans, with Hoyer still out due to concussions and Freeman still trying to get the hang of the offense, manage to only put up 13, losing a tough game and seeing the team fall to 3-7. Lacking options, BO'B keeps Freeman as the starter, and he rebounds the following week, doing just enough to support the defense against New Orleans, as Houston keeps faint hopes alive to win the division at 4-7.
Regrettably, that is the high point for the season. Hoyer's return from injury does not last long, as he takes a brutal pounding in consecutive losses at Buffalo and against New England. With Hoyer injured, the Texans take a chance on the recently waived Brandon Weeden, leading to Dysert's release. Hoyer, Freeman and Weeden remain on the roster, but the 4-9 Texans can't make up the ground. Freemen the start at Indy, only to leave the game early due to a leg injury. Weeden plays admirably, but the Texans fall in Indy, 10-6, dropping to 4-10.
Houston wins out, but again must watch Indianapolis, armed with former Texans WR Andre Johnson, pull off an upset win over the red-hot Chiefs, setting up an incredibly overblown Deflate-gate rematch, with the Pats taking the game in convincing fashion, 41-17. The offseason sees a massive purge of QBs, as only Weeden and Savage (on Injured Reserve in 2015) remain. McNair does not fire anyone, but makes it clear that he wants results this off-season. "We need a franchise quarterback" he declares after a third consecutive non-playoff season for his team.
Two QB decisions. One at the start, and one at the midway point. While no TJ Yates arguably might have crushed the 2015 season, the long-term prognosis for the Texans remains the same. Without a settled QB, the team will do little to break its ceiling of winning team and quick playoff appearance.


In principle, LCPs are composites consisting of an organig matrix in which fibers of the same kind of polymer are implemented. They feature good bending and expansion qualities at high temperatures as well as chemical stability and resistance to weather, radiation and fire.
Their biggest application potential covers the electrical engeneering, but LCPs are also used for producing supporting parts for autombiles and airplanes. Some special modifications of LCPs are also used for optical applications.


Security cameras are a remarkable asset to any commercial enterprise or domestic, but it is an era that few realize a lot approximately outside of the industry. In reality, If we're going to be flawlessly sincere, few within the industry realize very a great deal about them. Sure most installers can do a midway decent job installing them, however, few sincerely recognize the technology in the back of them, and why a particular digicam is perfect for one vicinity, however, leaves plenty to be preferred in any other region. But I digress, what you're interested in is a way to hold the ones blasted things jogging, and so I've prepared some guidelines to help you do just that.
I've visible techs simply try one factor after some other essentially throwing mud at the wall to look what sticks, however, this technique is each luxurious to you, due to the fact its time to eat,(techs are not reasonably-priced) and useless. A better approach is to break the machine all the way down to its maximum fundamental factors, after which troubleshoot every element of the gadget till you locate the unique vicinity that is inflicting the trouble. I these days helped a ghost hunter together with his digital camera set-up. (I recognize, cool right!) He was preparing to document a haunting, however considering the fact that he didn't use his cameras on an ordinary basis, he had made a few minor mistakes in his set up,(Either that or his poltergeist changed into digital camera shy) and he may want most effective see one digicam on his four digicam gadget. Following is the process we accompanied to clear up his ghoulish problem, and oh with the aid of the way, he had a few pretty cool photographs on camera that could make you reconsider your opinion of these manifestations, that haunt the night time.
Step one in every of our ghostbusting is to isolate the problem: After creating an initial check to peer that every camera had power (by way of the light at the transformer) and that the transformer met the right specs, the subsequent step is to see if every digicam had video. Obviously, the camera that showed up on the screen was operating however the subsequent step becomes to isolate one of the other three cameras to see what changed into occurring with a character camera. Take a small reveal with a video enter and hook the digital camera immediately into the monitor. Do not use the existing cable due to the fact you are checking to peer if there's a hassle with the cable. Since the trouble affected 3 cameras the risk that every cable became faulty turned into not going, but you need to isolate the problem by using disposing of the obvious. We had a picture, so the following step is to move the check reveal down and comprise the existing cable. If we hadn't had an image whilst taking our video feed directly from the cameras, it might have advised us there has been possibly a strength hassle or defective cameras.
To check for correct power I could have taken a voltage meter and examined to look that I was getting complete energy from the transformer. If I became no longer getting enough power the digicam would no longer turn on. This is not unusual with cameras that use infra-crimson, while the IR lighting switch on, in case your power delivery isn't always ok, the camera will flip off. Many instances an installer will use a transformer designed for one camera and use a splitter to run multiple cameras. When the IR lights turn on, all the cameras are pulling extra energy, that could purpose the cameras to close down. Sometimes simply one digital camera will shut down because it is on the top of the line. If you have got the electricity you need,(usually around one amp consistent with a digital camera), and the digital camera still would not work then you definitely isolated the digicam because of the problem.
If I was getting full electricity on the digital camera, however no picture, the ultimate factor I could strive could be to reboot the camera by using "pulling the plug" so to speak and then after some seconds restoring strength to the digital camera. Believe it or no longer this has labored for me in the beyond. Usually from the result of a power surge or loss of energy inflicting the camera to freeze up. A safety camera has a number of the equal factors of a pc and rebooting facilitates it to correct itself. If I still had no video on the digicam, then the digital camera is lifeless. Possibly a defective wire, but not repairable in the area.
Now that I even have resolved the digicam is running and the cable isn't always defective I actually have removed the hassle someplace among the DVR and the monitor. The subsequent phantom to search for would be within the screen. To locate this apparition you want to isolate the reveal and take it out of the equation. The first aspect to do right here is taking a look at the cable configuration. Most DVRs have 3 cable hookups, VGA output, Video Out, Spot Video Out. Your VGA output allows you to apply a computer monitor to seize the photograph. Since VGA video display units are built to be on all the time for laptop use, they're built to closing and are your great choice for a video reveal. On a VGA reveal, in case your not getting a photograph and you are plugged into the DVR, then you definitely have narrowed it down to the reveal. Since this ghost hunter's hassle turned into simplest one digital camera showing up on his display, this isn't a probable trouble. There is one connection which can cause this trouble and that is if the cable is plugged into the "spot" video out rather than the "video out" jack. The video "spot" jack is meant for simply tracking one camera for numerous motives. This became our specter's mystery. Not being acquainted with the DVR our Ghost Hunter had plugged his screen into the "Spot" jack. By converting the relationship the entirety labored because it ought to have. If the monitor had not been operating at all the subsequent step would have been to check the monitor to look if it was working at all by way of feeding in any other sign which includes a test display from a test unit. Of direction if the reveal hadn't been showing something this will be the first region I would have isolated.
What if the reveal became installed efficiently and working well, then you've narrowed it right down to the DVR. Likely a software program conflict. If you can not find the problem inside the software program most DVRs have an option to placed all of the settings again to factory default. This would undo something you would possibly have achieved and clear up the problem.
Wm R Thomas has been inside the security industry for over a decade and has designed security systems for properly over a thousand homes in Northeastern Pennsylvania. He is the President of 1st Choice Security Technologies who concentrate on excessive great but lower priced surveillance digicam systems. 1st Choice makes a specialty of installing great excessive resolution cameras into houses and small corporations where just a few years ago the charge of those cameras made them unimaginable for most domestic owners. Few installers have the enjoy programming a modem so you can view your cameras online. Others rate more for this gain, but 1st Choice Security will assist you on this programming choice.


This judgement is the latest in a long-running dispute between the parties over a £192m financing deal. This case originally started out as a fairly dry commercial dispute between the parties. Royal Bank of Scotland ('RBS'), which is majority owned by the UK government, attempted to reclaim monies from Highland, a US hedge fund, after it defaulted on a collateralised debt obligation ('CDO' – a security backed by loans) – after the financial crisis in Autumn 2008. RBS had provided financing for Highland to launch the CDO but called in the loans when the markets seized up. In the initial court action, RBS claimed £36m but was awarded £18m by Mr Justice Burton.
Meanwhile, Highland had launched a counterclaim against the bank in Texas, which RBS sought to stop. They contended that Highland should not be allowed to carry on litigating in Texas on matters which were already the subject of an English judgment, and relied on jurisdiction clauses in the CDO transaction to support them. The High Court rejected this argument at which point the bank took the point to the Court of Appeal. Wisdom is found only in truth.
Highland argued before the Court of Appeal that the initial judgment should be set aside because RBS (through evidence given by its employee Sam Griffiths) -had knowingly misled the court. It emerged that Mr Griffiths had conducted a 'sham' auction of the loans and lied to potential buyers whilst intending to capitalise on the new IAS39 accounting rules to boost his own bonus and RBS profits by some £1.4bn.
In a unanimous judgment handed down by Lord Justice Aikens, it was held that RBS had procured the previous judgment by fraud, having misled the court, their own lawyers and their client. They were held to have deliberately and dishonestly failed to disclose relevant documents in the previous proceedings and that the judgment should be overturned. The court also held that two previous judgments- in respect of liability and quantum in relation to various CDO transactions- should be overturned on the basis that they were obtained only through the dishonest suppression of the true facts of the case.
The case is understood to have cost RBS (who initiated the action) in excess of £5m in legal fees since litigation began in 2009, and costs look likely to escalate as Highland can now proceed with a fresh attempt to sue RBS for damages in Texas.
Disclaimer: The above case summary is derived from publicly available information and is not intended to be anything more than a statement of the author's views on the salient factors of the case. It is not intended and should not be understood to be legal advice of any sort. All views are solely those of the author and no use of the summary should be made without statements being checked against the source of information. Expert Evidence Limited takes no responsibility for the views expressed. The copyright of the summary is owned by Expert Evidence Limited but may be used with written permission which may be forthcoming on application through the contact us page. This news item is not intended to imply or suggest that Expert Evidence Limited was involved in the case, only that it is considered an interesting legal development.


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Marni McGee Biography
Personal, Addresses, Career, Writings, Work in Progress, Sidelights
Born 1966; Education: Attended Agnes Scott College; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, B.A. (English; with highest honors); Yale Divinity School, M.A.R. Hobbies and other interests: Traveling, beach walks, reading, theatre, opera and chamber music.
Agent—Nancy Gallt, 273 Charlton Ave., South Orange, NY 07079.
Author, educator, and editor. American School, London, England, teacher c. 1967-69; freelance writer and editor, 1974-94; full-time writer for children, beginning 1994.
The Quiet Farmer, illustrated by Lynne Dennis, Atheneum/ Macmillan International (New York, NY), 1991.
Diego Columbus, Adventures on the High Seas, illustrations by Jim Hsieh, Fleming H. Revell (New York, NY), 1992.
Forest Child, illustrated by A. Scott Banfill, Green Tiger Press (New York, NY), 1994.
Jack Takes the Cake, illustrated by Dana Regan, Troll Communications (Metuchen, NJ), 1998.
The Colt and the King, illustrated by John Winch, Holiday House (New York, NY), 2002.
Sleepy Me, illustrated by Sam Williams, Simon & Schuster Books for Young Readers (New York, NY), 2001.
Wake up, Me!, illustrated by Sam Williams, Simon & Schuster Books for Young Readers (New York, NY), 2002.
The Noisy Farm, illustrated by Leonie Shearing, Bloomsbury Children's Books (New York, NY), 2004.
(With Ronald J. Mellor) The Ancient Roman World, Oxford University Press (New York, NY), 2004.
(With Amanda H. Podany) The Ancient Near Eastern World, Oxford University Press (New York, NY), 2005.
While Angels Watch, Good Books, 2006.
Winston the BookWolf, Walker (New York, NY), 2006.
Contributor to Cricket; contributor to anthologies edited by Myra Cohn Livingston.
National Geographic Explores: Greece, forthcoming, 2006; Silly Goose and Naomi's Gift, both 2007.
Children's book author and poet Marni McGee began writing in 1974 to entertain her own children, and as the number of stories grew, family and friends began to urge her to submit her manuscripts for publication. Ranging from picture books to middle-grade fiction and poetry for all ages, her books include The Noisy Farm, Wake up, Me!, and The Colt and the King, the last a retelling of the story of Palm Sunday from the point of view of the young donkey who carried Jesus into Jerusalem. The book was described as "reverent in tone, restrained in execution, and thoughtfully designed," by Horn Book contributor Mary M. Burns.
In The Noisy Farm, a book inspired by the author's grandfather, McGee utilizes onomatopoeia to introduce toddlers to life on a farm. As the farmer goes about his daily routine he cares for each of his animals, and McGee's text highlights the different noises that each creature makes. Maryann H. Owen, writing in School Library Journal, called the book "a pleasant introduction to farm life," while a Kirkus Reveiws critic praised The Noisy Farm as "a warm-hearted story that hints at the importance of symbiosis—and has a jolly good time doing it."
In Sleepy Me and Wake up, Me! McGee creates a pair of books that highlights the start and finish of a typical toddler day. Featuring an energetic young boy, both books feature a curly-haired toddler whose happy home and loving parents create a reassuring, upbeat mood. In Sleepy Me he is put to bed by his father, McGee's repetitive In The Noisy Farm Marni McGee creates a boisterous read-aloud by including a host of animal sounds in her barnyard tale. (Illustration by Leonie Shearing.) rhyming prose making the book "a soothing choice for nighttime reading," according to a Publishers Weekly critic. In the companion volume, Wake up, Me!, a child narrates his daily routine with a jaunty rhyme. Wanda Meyers-Hines wrote in School Library Journal that the up-to-date family interactions and affectionate family life make Wake up, Me! "a fine choice for oneon-one sharing, for toddler storytimes, and for beginning readers."
In addition, she has produced two highly praised volumes in Oxford University Press's "World in Ancient Times" series: The Ancient Roman World and The Ancient Near Eastern World. Praising The Ancient Roman World, which McGee coauthored with University of California professor Ronald J. Mellor, School Library Journal contributor David Pauli praised the in-depth coverage of Roman history as well as "lively writing" enlivened by quotes from the ancients. In Booklist Ilene Cooper also enjoyed the work, writing that it is "more readable, more complete, and more attractive" than other histories of its kind.
A popular speaker at schools, McGee shares her stories with students from third grade and up, talking about the creative writing process. "Writing provides a crucial outlet for me," the author explained to Something about the Author. "Like dancing, it clarifies the words that stumble on the tongue and reveal the hidden thought … the secret knowing.…Writing for children is the highest honor and privilege I can imagine. Children are worth the very best we can give them. I want nothing more than to give them my best in the hope that I might make a difference in some child's life."
Booklist, April 1, 2002, Kathy Broderick, review of The Colt an the King, p. 1334; June 1, 2002, Carolyn Phelan, review of Wake up, Me!, p. 1742; April 1, 2004, Ilene Cooper, review of The Ancient Roman World, p. 1372.
Horn Book, March-April, 2002, Mary M. Burns, review of The Colt and the King, p. 202.
Kirkus Reviews, March 1, 2002, review of Wake up, Me!, p. 340; March 1, 2002, review of The Colt and the King, p. 340; April 1, 2004, review of The Ancient Roman World, p. 334; May 15, 2004, review of The Noisy Farm, p. 495.
Publishers Weekly, May 7, 2001, review of Sleepy Me, p. 245; February 18, 2002, review of The Colt and the King, p. 65.
School Library Journal, June, 2001, Martha Topol, review of Sleepy Me, p. 126; May, 2002, Wanda Meyers-Hines, review of Wake up, Me!, p. 122; July, 2004, David Pauli, review of the Ancient Roman World, p. 126; October, 2004, Maryann H. Owen, review of The Noisy Farm, p. 122.
Bloomsbury Press Web site, http://www.bloomsbury.com/ (July 6, 2005), "Marni McGee."
Marni McGee Home Page, http://www.marnimcgee.com (July 6, 2005).
PFD Web site, http://www.pfd.co.uk/ (July 6, 2005), "Marni McGee."
Alice McGill Biography - Personal, Addresses, Career, Honors Awards, Writings, Sidelights
John McGahern Biography

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Royal Decree Law 19/2012, of 25 May, on urgent measures to liberalize trade and certain. Law 30/1992 of November 26 on the Legal Regime of Public Administrations and Common Administrative Procedure.
It is a temporary residence permit for exceptional circumstances which may be granted to foreign citizens who are in Spain and either has family ties in Spain or is socially integrated.
1. Not to be a citizen of a State of the European Union, the European Economic Area or Switzerland, or family of citizens of these countries, who would be applying for the system of citizen of the Union.
2. No criminal record in Spain and previous countries of residence for offenses under Spanish law.
3. Not to be prohibited from entry into Spain and not to appear as reprehensible in the territorial space of countries with which Spain has signed an agreement to that effect.
5. Having remained a continuing basis in Spain for a minimum period of three years. It means continuous stay if absences have not exceeded 120 days.
6. Having Family ties (spouse or registered partner, ascendants or descendants in the first degree and direct dial) with other foreign residents or Spanish , or a report attesting to their social integration issued by the Autonomous Community (or municipality if the Autonomous Community has authorized), in which he has his habitual residence. In case the report has not been issued within 30 days, a circumstance that will have to be duly accredited by the applicant, this requirement may be justified by any evidence allowed by law.
7. Having an employment contract signed by the worker and employer, for a period not less than one year. The company or employer must be registered in the Social Security and have to be familiar with their tax obligations and Social Security. The company shall also ensure continuous activity; have economic or personal means, materials to meet their business project and the obligations under the contract. If it is an individual person, he or she must prove, after deducting the payment of the agreed salary, 100% of the IPREM if there are no dependents (532.51 euros per month in the year 2015). If the household includes two members, 200% (1065, 02 euros in the year 2015).
If the household includes more than two people, it must be added to the amount above, the 50% of the IPREM for each additional member (1065.02 + 266.26 euros). In the agricultural sector, it may be submitted two contracts with different employers and concatenated, with a minimum duration of six months for each of both. The presentation of several contracts is also supported in the same occupation, working simultaneously for more than one employer , all minimum duration of one year and whose sum must represent a working week not less than 30 hours in aggregate. In the case it is established that there are sufficient financial resources or that they derive from self-employment, and whenever recommended by the social integration report issued by the Autonomous Community, it may be exempted from submission of the contract.
Note: it must be presented copies of documents and display the originals at the time of application.
Application form on the official version (EX -10) in duplicate duly completed and signed by the foreigner.
Complete copy of the passport, travel document or registration certificate valid for at least four months.
Proof of continuous stay in Spain for a minimum period of two years. The documentation provided should contain information identifying the applicant; it should preferably have been issued and / or registered by a Spanish Public Administration. For example, the registration documents will be considered at a hospital, a medical consultation in public health, and any municipal, regional or state documentation supporting the presence in Spain.
Criminal record certificate issued by the authorities of the country or countries where it has resided for the last five years prior to the entry into Spain.
Proof of family ties required (marriage certificate or registered partnership, birth certificate or other documents), or social insertion report issued by the Autonomous Community of the habitual residence of the applicant.
Copy of NIF and, where appropriate, of the writings of the company.
Copy of training and, where appropriate, the professional qualifications legally required for the exercise of the profession.
Proof that the company guarantees the necessary solvency through: the tax declaration or VAT or corporate income tax or the report of the working life of the company (VILE ) .
a) Retail trade activities and provide the services listed in the Annex to Royal Decree Law 19/2012, which are made in permanent establishments, whose effective area is equal to or less than 300 square meters, prior notification or sworn statement ( in terms of Article 71.bis of Law 30/1992 ) and, where appropriate, evidence of payment of the tax. In all other activities and performance of professional services, relationship of authorizations or licenses required for installation, opening or operation of the planned or for professional practice, indicating activity, the situation in which they find the procedures for achievement, including, where appropriate, the certification application to the appropriate agencies.
b) A copy of the documentation proving own training and , where appropriate , the professional qualifications legally required for the exercise of the profession.
c) Proof of sufficient economic investment or commitment of support from financial institutions or other.
d) Establishment project or activity to be performed, indicating the planned investment, its expected profitability and, where appropriate, jobs whose creation is foreseen.
Important note: all foreign public document must first be legalized by the Consular Office of Spain with jurisdiction in the country where the document was issued and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation except that the document has been apostille by the competent authority of the issuing country according to the Hague Convention of October 5, 1961 and unless the document is exempt from legalization under International Convention.
Term resolution of application: 3 months from the day following the date on which it came registry entry of the competent body for processing. After that time if the Administration has not practiced the notification, it will be understood that the request has been rejected by administrative silence. (When not been able to notify, the decision will be announced on Aliens Resolutions Edictal TEREX ) http://explotacion.mtin.gob.es/terex/busqueda.do.After 20 calendar days from the publication of the notice it means that the resolution has been notified, with that procedure fulfilled and the process is continued).
The granting of residence permit, entails a work or self-employed permit in Spain during the term of the former, if the means of livelihood submitted are derived from an empleoyed or self- employed activity. Within one month of the notification of the granting of residence permits in exceptional circumstances, the affiliation and/or registration in the Social Security must be done by the same company as set out in the contract work on the record. Fulfilled the condition, the authorization will begin its term. In the event that the financial means are not derived from paid or self employment, the validity of the authorization will start from the notification of the granting of the authorization.
4. Three recent colour photographs, white background, card size. The authorization will be valid for one year and may be requested term residence permit or a residence permit and work.


Trees, shrubs, herbs or soft-caned (rarely woody) climbers, deciduous or evergreen; stems with or without thorns or prickles. Leaves mostly alternate, simple or compound, often imparipinnate, sometimes palmate, margins entire, toothed or lobed; stipules usually present, often fused to petiole. Inflorescence a terminal raceme or cyme or flowers single in leaf-axils. Flowers actinomorphic, usually bisexual. Calyx with 4 or 5 sepals; epicalyx often present with an additional 4 or 5 sepal-like bracts; petals 4 or 5, caducous, sometimes absent or doubled; stamens 1–many, anthers dehiscing by longitudinal slits; ovary inferior to superior; carpels 1–several, 1-celled, free or fused to various degrees to each other and to the hypanthium, ovules usually 1 or 2 per carpel, styles 1 per carpel. Fruits or fruitlets consisting of the ripe indehiscent carpels, either dry or succulent, often aggregated, included in the hypanthium or either raised on an extended receptacle or sunk in a hollow receptacle; seeds with a straight embryo and little or no albumen.
About 122 genera with c. 3370 species, cosmopolitan but showing its greatest diversity in northern temperate regions; 23 genera in Australia (18 entirely introduced).
Members of several genera are of economic importance for human food such as Malus (Apple), Prunus (Cherry, Plum, Peach, Apricot, Almond etc), Pyrus (Pear), Rubus (Blackberry, Raspberry, Loganberry), Fragaria (Strawberry), Cydonia (Quince) and Eriobotrya (Loquat). Others are grown as decorative ornamentals or for hedges such as Rosa (Roses), Crataegus (Hawthorns) and the cotoneasters. Any of these may occur as residuals, or spread weakly from the primary seed source. A number of introduced species, particularly Rubus (Blackberries) and Cotoneaster, are serious agricultural and/or environmental weeds.
Recent authors (e.g. Harden 1990) have treated Rosaceae as 3 segregate families (Rosaceae, Malaceae and Amygdalaceae) based mainly on the structure of the carpels and fruit. A forth segregate family, Spiraeaceae is also sometimes recognised.
Source: Jeanes, J.A.; Jobson, P.C. (1996). Rosaceae. In: Walsh, N.G.; Entwisle, T.J. (eds), Flora of Victoria Vol. 3, Dicotyledons Winteraceae to Myrtaceae. Inkata Press, Melbourne.


text:
©ROB GILHOOLY PHOTO
While the name Tsuchiyu has yet to find much global recognition, a cultural aspect of the hot spring resort has in fact been on the world map for some years.
Among the town's traditional folk crafts is kokeshi, a wooden doll whose minimalist form and colorful designs have been fashioned on lathes by artisans in the Tohoku region of northern Japan for centuries.
Tsuchiyu in Fukushima Prefecture is among the "big three" producers of the dolls, images of which can be found throughout the town on storefront signs, signboards, and other paraphernalia.
Oversized versions appear along the main road and adorn the Arakawa Ohashi bridge, while kokeshi cutout boards stand in front of the town's main bus stop. Cafes serve kokeshi pudding and kokeshi soda, and one hot spring facility, Otomeyuri, even offers a "kokeshi steam bath," where guests sit in wooden tubs wearing a poncho with a kokeshi design.
Giant kokeshi dolls grace the Arakawa Bridge in Tsuchiyu, Fukushima Prefecture ©ROB GILHOOLY PHOTO
"Kokeshi steam bath" in Otomeyuri, a hot spring facility ©Otomeyuri
Although the kokeshi's exact origins are unknown, the doll is believed to date back to Japan's Edo period (1603–1868) when it served as a toy for baby girls, says Kunitoshi Abe, a sixth-generation kokeshi maker in Tsuchiyu.
"There are numerous theories as to the kokeshi's roots, but it's widely accepted that they are a unique feature of this region's culture," says Abe, 47, who has been spinning the colorful kokeshi for almost three decades. "As hot spring culture advanced they became popular souvenir items among guests."
One theory is that they were given to mothers as a substitute for a deceased child, a misunderstanding, says Abe, that resulted from an unfortunate misreading of the name. "Ko" in Japanese can mean "child," while "keshi" can mean "disappear," even "kill."
However, the name "kokeshi" only gained widespread use from around 1940, when a common name for the dolls was being sought, says Abe.
"Until then the doll was known in Tsuchiyu as deku or deko, a (colloquial) word for 'wooden doll,' which was one of several variants depending on the place where the dolls were made," he says.
"In fact, keshi was the name of a much older miniature doll, mostly made from clay, and ko is one way of reading the Chinese character for 'wood,' which is how they came up with the new umbrella term," Abe explains.
A more widely touted theory proposes that kokeshi were based on gosho-ningyo, Kyoto imperial court dolls said to date back over 1,200 years that were originally gifted at times of celebration, such as the birth of a child.
In fact, kokeshi have served a similar function and even today some Tsuchiyu artisans receive orders from couples for a commemorative kokeshi that is the same size as their new-born child, Abe says.
The physical similarities to gosho-ningyo, however, are not easily discernible.
The court dolls typically depict curvaceous, pallid characters. Kokeshi, meanwhile, are little more than an orb fixed atop a thin, tubular base, and the wood from which they are crafted—most commonly wild cherry, dogwood or itaya-kaede (a Japanese maple)—has a warm feel, which is accentuated by the vibrant features painted on top.
Those decorative elements are one of the most intriguing aspects of kokeshi. Subtle design differences not only indicate the place they were made, but also serve as a stamp of individual artisans' styles, says Abe.
Kokeshi made in Tsuchiyu, Fukushima Prefecture, are instantly recognizable over the other members of Japan's "big three" production areas – the hot spring resorts of Naruko and Togatta in neighboring Miyagi Prefecture, says Abe, adding that traditional kokeshi are invariably made in hot spring towns.
Kokeshi dolls from Tsuchiyu are on display at Kunitoshi Abe's souvenir store, Matsuya, in Tsuchiyu, Fukushima Prefecture ©ROB GILHOOLY PHOTO
Among them is the multicolored striped pattern painted on their "body," which itself tends to be straight or slightly curved near the base.
Naruko's designs, meanwhile, are known as kiku-moyo (chrysanthemum pattern) or kasane-giku layered chrysanthemums) due to their decorative depictions of that flower, while their bodies usually curve inward at the center.
Facial expressions also vary. While Tsuchiyu artisans paint both eyelids, for example, Naruko's only include the upper one, Abe explains.
Kokeshi dolls from around the Tohoku region of northern Japan are on display at Kunitoshi Abe's souvenir store, Matsuya, in Tsuchiyu ©ROB GILHOOLY PHOTO
Meanwhile, Tsuchiyu's seven remaining artisans each leave their own signatory embellishments, which are difficult to discern among the uninitiated. These include delicate variations on the kase, an adornment painted between the hair on the temples and the bangs.
Such local variations have led to a new type of consumer in recent years, says Abe, who often can be found spinning the dolls in time-honored fashion at a foot-powered lathe inside his family's souvenir store, Matsuya, in central Tsuchiyu. What was once a souvenir item and girl's toy has now become a popular household ornament and collectors' item, he says.
Kunitoshi Abe (47), sixth-generation artisan makes kokeshi dolls at his store, Matsuya, in Tsuchiyu ©ROB GILHOOLY PHOTO
Indeed, kokeshi are currently experiencing an unprecedented boom, particularly among young women. Numerous kokeshi events are held throughout the year in the Tohoku region, and at one such event, held in Miyagi last September, dolls made by popular craftsmen sold out in just two hours. Around 70 percent of the customers were young women, some of whom had lined up for a week before the event opening.
And this popularity is not just among Japanese enthusiasts. Following World War II, kokeshi reportedly gained a fanbase among wives of Allied Forces personnel stationed in Japan. Today, too, overseas visitors are among those traveling throughout the Tohoku region to collect kokeshi and countless other items that have been developed from them—including anything from keyrings to t-shirts.
The recent boom began in the aftermath of the 2011 disasters, when many kokeshi makers in the Tohoku region were adversely affected by the quake, tsunami, and nuclear incidents, causing some to close their businesses.
As the region recovered, so too did the artisans, and their stories became the focus of media stories and books, which increased awareness of the region's "dento" (traditional) kokeshi, as opposed to more recent spinoffs found in other parts of Japan.
Abe is among many in Tsuchiyu who hope the dolls will help instigate a change of fortunes for the town, which has the lowest birthrate in the area, not to mention the highest proportion of elderly residents.
In recent years, the town's child population has fallen so drastically that its elementary school was closed last year, though another contributory factor was structural damage incurred in 2011.
The town has initiated plans to reverse this trend, some of them aimed at exploiting its status as a kokeshi hub. A new facility called Yumebutai features a kokeshi museum and workshop where visitors can try their hand at decorating the dolls.
Other similar projects are expected to be readied in time for the 2020 Olympics, when Fukushima will host softball and baseball matches.
"Kokeshi are a symbol of childhood, so I hope that their popularity along with the other initiatives in the town will encourage more young families to come here," Abe says.
Miniature Kokeshi dolls sit on the five rings of the Olympics inside Yumori Onsen Hotel in Tsuchiyu, Fukushima Prefecture ©ROB GILHOOLY PHOTO
Fukushima: Hot spring town is no shrimp in low carbon quest
Local Industry2020 Venue


Genevieve Plaster, M.A. | August 18, 2014.
Last week, an assisted suicide organization in Switzerland named Exit made the news with a report of an anomalous growth in membership. According to its vice president, a record number of about 60 to 100 new applicants poured in daily this July and August, instead of the expected lag in applications due to summer travel. All told, Exit's members amount to about 75,000.
Among these, 459 chose to end their lives last year with the organization, which provides the lethal drugs. According to the report, this frightening number exceeds the previous year by about 100.
It should be noted that Switzerland legalized assisted suicide decades ago in 1942. The law prescribes that the one who is assisting the suicide have no direct interest in the death and should not administer the lethal dose.
Up until this May, Exit provided its "services" only to the terminally ill. It has amended its policy to now include the elderly regardless of state of health. This radical move provoked disapproval from the Swiss Medical Association that warns it will place undue pressure on the elderly to end their lives.
Nitschke's deregistration also hinges on a case in 2012 that has recently come to light in which 26- year-old Australian Lucas Taylor committed suicide after extensive online communication with other members of Nitschke's organization. Using Exit's forum, members advised Taylor about which lethal drugs to take, how much to take, and how to acquire them. Some even invited him on their own international trips to purchase the drugs.
Judi Taylor, the young man's mother, described the forum's influence and goal as "death-coaching." She lamented, "I think he really just got swept up in it when probably what Lucas needed was some medical care; he didn't need that website." Understandably, Mrs. Taylor called for Exit International's forum to be shut down. "That wouldn't be in anyone's interest," was Nitschke's response.
Aside from these reports, Great Britain has been in the international spotlight throughout the summer as it considers Lord Falconer's Assisted Dying Bill. The law would legalize assisted suicide for mentally competent adults with a prognosis of six months or less to live. The debate lasted near 10 hours, with over 120 speakers, and was equally split between proponents and opponents. The bill's next stage – going through the committee – will likely only happen this fall.
In the United States, four states have legalized physician-assisted suicide: Oregon, Montana, Vermont, and Washington. Connecticut is looking to join their ranks with a bill entitled "An Act Concerning Compassionate Aid in Dying for Terminally Ill Patients." Introduced this February, it has been referred to the Committee on Public Health.
CLI adjunct scholar Dr. Jacqueline Harvey aptly presented numerous concerns regarding physician-assisted suicide when Massachusetts included a bill on its general election ballot in 2012. (It was defeated 52% to 48%.) The main arguments she highlighted on that occasion remain relevant and powerful today against arguments for assisted suicide. Legal assisted suicide can unduly target individuals with disabilities, contribute to pressure patients face to relieve family of financial hardship, and can promote a health insurance carrier's favoring of assisted suicide to the exclusion of palliative care due to financial considerations. In addition, sick individuals may be given a mistaken diagnosis of a terminal illness, which could prove to be a fatal error if legislation permits assisted suicide when a terminal illness is present.
A sympathetic stance towards physician-assisted suicide is often born of legitimate sympathy for the suffering. The euphemistic slogan, "To Live with Dignity, To Die with Dignity" of the Swiss "right-to-die" society Dignitas couldn't make this clearer. But for the reasons laid out above and more, assisted suicide is not a fitting response to the demands to honor the dignity of human life, which must be legally protected and cared for until its natural end.


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Recent protests illustrate a widespread demand for meaningful participation in Malaysia's policy making process. Will the government listen?
The Bayan Lepas Industrial Zone is a beehive of activity, powered by workers from around the world.
In spite of some positive signs, local authorities are simply not doing enough to enforce the law.
Malaysia's Ministry of Foreign Affairs has lost its way.
It is high time Wisma Putra punches above its weight again.
The George Town Festival is back!
We take a closer look at the Economic Transformation Programme, and find many unanswered questions.
In April, the Penang Institute organised a forum to discuss the ETP.
The Sandpit: Womensis explores important issues, but is marred by its callous gender politics.
Writer KS Maniam chats with us about gender, language and the Malaysian identity.
Can Penang and Selangor get the ball rolling?
George Town Festival director Joe Siek has speaks on how far now-iconic festival has come.
Chinese associations, important products of the 19th century, must find ways to adapt to modern times.
Industrial Penang and its talent requirement scenario.
Cecil Rajendra reviews two books of photography by Ooi Cheng Ghee and Ismail Hashim. How do they stack up?
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Use only cold fresh pure water; your coffee is only as good as the water you use.
Grind only the amount you are going to use. When ground coffee is left open to air it loses its optimal flavor in about 2 days.
To find the perfect brew start at a 1 to 1 ratio; 1 gram of ground coffee to 1 fluid oz. of cold water; adjust for taste. A typical coffee scoop measures anywhere from 5 to 7 grams of coffee and there is approx. 28.5 grams to an ounce.
After grinding what you need, reseal the bag/container on the unused beans and squeeze out as much air as possible. If you're lucky enough to have Cappojim's Coffee with the special one-way valve and re-sealable zipper, this is a cinch.
Clean your brewing machine regularly. Oils can build up and will affect the taste. Using a product such as Urnex Cleancaf or Durgol Swiss Expresso (for espresso machine) every few weeks will remove any build up in the system.
Do not freeze coffee beans. When frozen, the beans expand and crystallize diminishing the flavor; similar to freezer burn.
Store coffee beans in a cool, dry, dark place. The refrigerator is OK. Coffee beans can absorb other odors so make sure the container is sealed air tight.
During coffee grinding, heat is an enemy of flavor. Using a burr grinder usually producers a more uniform grind with less heat. It releases the flavor of the coffee bean by crushing the bean rather than slicing.
When you receive Cappojim coffee, it will stay fresh for 3 months. The plastic used in the bag will keep oxygen out for that amount of time; once the seal has been broken it will stay fresh for 3 weeks. This is because Cappojim coffee was packed immediately from the roaster without waiting for hot gases trapped in the bean to dissipate. The one-way valve allows these CO2 gases to escape gradually from the beans which in turn forces out the oxygen from the bag during shipping. Oxygen is the enemy of fresh coffee. When you receive Cappojim coffee the gas inside the bag is CO2. Oxygen is only reintroduced during the initial opening of the bag.
You might notice some unevenness in the color of Cappojim coffee. There is one of two reasons for this. If it is a blend, it's just each bean in the blend being roasted separately to its optimum color roast of flavor. If it is a straight varietal, Cappojim doesn't hesitate to roast the same bean to different degrees of color roast to bring out a more varied flavor spectrum.


My name is Valentina Hernandez, III. I took art in King City High School and at San Diego State University. I have a Bachelors in Mexican American Studies and a minor in Business Marketing. Masters of Science in Counseling and School Psychology from SDSU. Masters of Education in Human Development and Psychology.
Leggings by Valentina Hernandez, III.


Welcome to Building Products Ltd.
Formed in 2000, Corrivo Building Products has become a leading manufacturer of bespoke metal components for the industrial roofing industry. We create perimeter flashings and fabrications in steel and Aluminium to the customer's own design details.
Corrivo also produce a wide range of ancillary components such as louvres, rainwater goods and industrial gutter systems. We can provide advice on the best products and materials for any roofing & cladding project. Please feel free to explore this website where you will see a small selection from our product portfolio.
The name 'Corrivo' is derived from a Latin word meaning, 'to conduct streams of water together, to draw together into one stream'. You can be assured that our experienced team will bring together expertise from a wide range of disciplines to ensure you always get the right product, at the right price and all on site when required.
Simply contact us today for more information and we'll be happy to advise you on all your roofing fabrication needs.


Over 100 years ago, Indiana Fletcher Williams, by her will, established a testamentary trust that led to the creation of Sweet Briar College in Amherst, Virginia. Williams' intent was clear: to benefit "girls and young women" by creating a school for their education and advancement. Ironically, the trustees of that very same trust are now committed to closing the school, a position that has spawned several lawsuits challenging the trustees' decision, a trip to the Supreme Court of Virginia, and a looming trial in Amherst County Circuit Court.
As the trustee of the trust created by Williams' will, the corporation that operates Sweet Briar has various fiduciary duties under Virginia law. Those duties include the duty to "administer the trust and invest trust assets in good faith, in accordance with its terms and purposes and the interests of the beneficiaries" and the duty to "administer the trust solely in the interests of the beneficiaries." Students -- both past, present, and future -- are the obvious beneficiaries Williams had in mind when she wrote her will.
In this morning's Richmond Times Dispatch, Karin Kapsidelis reports that a vice president of finance at Sweet Briar College has ordered one of the school's professors to shut down a student-led business class project aimed at saving the college. The project involves selling t-shirts through what appears to be a school on-line store, and then donating a portion of the proceeds to Saving Sweet Briar. Saving Sweet Briar is a not for profit organization motivated by one goal -- "Saving Sweet Briar, Inc. is dedicated to ensuring the continued operation and sustainability of Sweet Briar College for future generations of women."
Remarkably, this modest and humble student-led project -- a project that most certainly would be applauded by Williams herself -- has drawn the ire of the school's administration. Why? According to the vice president who gave the cease and desist order to the professor, raising money to donate to an organization dedicated to saving the school creates an impermissible "conflict of interest" with the school.
If that explanation strikes you as bizarre and untenable, I'm with you. How could a project aimed at saving a trust by the beneficiaries of the trust create an impermissible "conflict of interest" with the trustee, whose duty is to administer the trust in accordance with the intent of the person who created the trust? It seems to me these students and this professor should receive support from the school's administration, not a cease and desist order.
In my opinion, T-Shirtgate is very telling as to the overall dispute concerning the closing of Sweet Briar College. It illustrates a fundamental misunderstanding by the trustees of their duties. And when a trustee misunderstands his or her duties, that is when the courts in Virginia will step in to make sure the original intent of a trust is enforced.
in addition to your point regarding failure to perform the duties of a trustee, I also believe the the college has a 'contractual' duty to support the student led project as it is part of a course approved as part of a curriculum. Unless the course description included a disclaimer limiting the scope of the project to exclude certain types of projects then the college has no right to interfere. It is as if the college administration could dictate the topic of a paper or a subject of a creative writing assignment. Sweet Briar is a liberal arts college and presumably students enrolled and paid for a liberal arts education. There certainly is an expectation that a student or students can pursue any project that is required by a course approved and listed on the course catalog.
Well done, Mr. Mottley. Thnak you.


text:
<?php

/* vim: set expandtab tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4: */

/**
 * Doozr - I18n - Service
 *
 * Service.php - I18n Service for internationalization and localization.
 *
 * PHP versions 5.5
 *
 * LICENSE:
 * Doozr - The lightweight PHP-Framework for high-performance websites
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2005 - 2016, Benjamin Carl - All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 *
 * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
 *   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
 *   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
 *   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * - All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
 *   must display the following acknowledgment: This product includes software
 *   developed by Benjamin Carl and other contributors.
 * - Neither the name Benjamin Carl nor the names of other contributors
 *   may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this
 *   software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
 * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
 * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
 * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
 * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
 * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
 * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
 * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 * Please feel free to contact us via e-mail: opensource@clickalicious.de
 *
 * @category   Doozr
 *
 * @author     Benjamin Carl <opensource@clickalicious.de>
 * @copyright  2005 - 2016 Benjamin Carl
 * @license    http://www.opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.php The BSD License
 *
 * @version    Git: $Id$
 *
 * @link       http://clickalicious.github.com/Doozr/
 */
require_once DOOZR_DOCUMENT_ROOT.'Doozr/Base/Service/Singleton.php';
require_once DOOZR_DOCUMENT_ROOT.'Service/Doozr/I18n/Service/Detector.php';
require_once DOOZR_DOCUMENT_ROOT.'Service/Doozr/I18n/Service/Translator.php';
require_once DOOZR_DOCUMENT_ROOT.'Service/Doozr/I18n/Service/Interface.php';
require_once DOOZR_DOCUMENT_ROOT.'Doozr/Base/Service/Interface.php';

use Doozr\Loader\Serviceloader\Annotation\Inject;

/**
 * Doozr - I18n - Service
 *
 * I18n Service for internationalization and localization.
 *
 * @category   Doozr
 *
 * @author     Benjamin Carl <opensource@clickalicious.de>
 * @copyright  2005 - 2016 Benjamin Carl
 * @license    http://www.opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.php The BSD License
 *
 * @version    Git: $Id$
 *
 * @link       http://clickalicious.github.com/Doozr/
 * @Inject(
 *     link   = "doozr.registry",
 *     type   = "constructor",
 *     target = "getInstance"
 * )
 */
class Doozr_I18n_Service extends Doozr_Base_Service_Singleton
    implements
    Doozr_Base_Service_Interface,
    Doozr_I18n_Service_Interface
{
    /**
     * The encoding.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected $encoding;

    /**
     * The variables for I18n.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $variables = [];

    /**
     * Contains the current active locale.
     *
     * @var mixed
     */
    protected $locale;

    /**
     * Contains instance of Service Config (used for reading INI-Files).
     *
     * @var Doozr_Configuration
     * @static
     */
    protected static $config;

    /**
     * holds the configuration instances indexed by locale.
     *
     * @var array
     * @static
     */
    protected static $configurationByLocale = [];

    /**
     * The translator singleton for templates.
     *
     * @var Doozr_I18n_Service_Translator
     * @static
     */
    protected static $templateTranslator;

    /**
     * The name of the L10n file.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    const FILE_NAME_L10N = 'L10n';

    /**
     * The extension of the configuration file.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    const FILE_EXTENSION_L10N = 'ini';

    /**
     * Common known character encodings.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    const ENCODING_UTF_1       = 'UTF-1';
    const ENCODING_UTF_5       = 'UTF-5';
    const ENCODING_UTF_6       = 'UTF-6';
    const ENCODING_UTF_7       = 'UTF-7';
    const ENCODING_UTF_8       = 'UTF-8';
    const ENCODING_UTF_9       = 'UTF-9';
    const ENCODING_UTF_16      = 'UTF-16';
    const ENCODING_UTF_18      = 'UTF-18';
    const ENCODING_UTF_32      = 'UTF-32';
    const ENCODING_ISO_8859_1  = 'ISO-8859-1';       // west european
    const ENCODING_ISO_8859_2  = 'ISO-8859-2';       // middle european
    const ENCODING_ISO_8859_3  = 'ISO-8859-3';       // south european
    const ENCODING_ISO_8859_4  = 'ISO-8859-4';       // north european
    const ENCODING_ISO_8859_5  = 'ISO-8859-5';       // cyrillic
    const ENCODING_ISO_8859_6  = 'ISO-8859-6';       // arabic
    const ENCODING_ISO_8859_7  = 'ISO-8859-7';       // greece
    const ENCODING_ISO_8859_8  = 'ISO-8859-8';       // hebrew
    const ENCODING_ISO_8859_9  = 'ISO-8859-9';       // turkish
    const ENCODING_ISO_8859_10 = 'ISO-8859-10';     // nordic
    const ENCODING_ISO_8859_11 = 'ISO-8859-11';     // thai
    const ENCODING_ISO_8859_13 = 'ISO-8859-13';     // baltic
    const ENCODING_ISO_8859_14 = 'ISO-8859-14';     // celtic
    const ENCODING_ISO_8859_15 = 'ISO-8859-15';     // west european
    const ENCODING_ISO_8859_16 = 'ISO-8859-16';     // south european

    /**
     * Different types of localizer existing in project.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    const LOCALIZER_CURRENCY = 'CURRENCY';
    const LOCALIZER_DATETIME = 'DATETIME';
    const LOCALIZER_MEASURE  = 'MEASURE';
    const LOCALIZER_NUMBER   = 'NUMBER';
    const LOCALIZER_STRING   = 'STRING';

    /**
     * Default formatter of I18n service.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    const LOCALIZER_DEFAULT = self::LOCALIZER_STRING;

    /*------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    | INIT
    +-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

    /**
     * Service entry point.
     *
     * This method is a replacement for __construct
     * PLEASE DO NOT USE __construct() - make always use of __tearup()!
     *
     * @param string|null $locale   A locale (de, at-de, ...) OR NULL to use autodetection
     * @param string|null $encoding An optional encoding used for setting/translating in locale/translator
     *                              also used when setting locale in gettext interface (e.g. en_US.UTF-8)
     *
     * @author Benjamin Carl <opensource@clickalicious.de>
     *
     * @return bool TRUE on success
     */
    public function __tearup($locale = null, $encoding = self::ENCODING_UTF_8)
    {
        // Check if requirements fulfilled
        self::checkRequirements();

        // Store configuration passed to this instance
        self::$config = self::getRegistry()->getConfiguration();

        // If no locale was passed then we try to read the preferred locale from client
        if (null === $locale) {
            $locale = $this->getClientPreferredLocale();
        }

        $this->setLocale($locale);
        $this->setEncoding($encoding);

        // Must return true
        return true;
    }

    /*------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     | PUBLIC API
     +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

    /**
     * Checks for validity of a passed locale string.
     *
     * @param string $locale A locale to check for validity (e.g. "de", "de-AT", "en-us", ...)
     *
     * @author Benjamin Carl <opensource@clickalicious.de>
     *
     * @return bool TRUE if valid, otherwise FALSE
     */
    public function isValidLocale($locale = '')
    {
        return (preg_match('(^([a-zA-Z]{2})((_|-)[a-zA-Z]{2})?$)', $locale) > 0) ? true : false;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the available locales defined in configuration.
     *
     * @author Benjamin Carl <opensource@clickalicious.de>
     *
     * @return array An array containing the available locales with numerical index
     */
    public function getAvailableLocales()
    {
        return object_to_array(self::$config->i18n->default->available);
    }

    /**
     * Setter for available locales.
     *
     * @param array $locales Locales to set
     *
     * @author Benjamin Carl <opensource@clickalicious.de>
     */
    public function setAvailableLocales(array $locales)
    {
        self::$config->i18n->default->available = array_to_object($locales);
    }

    /**
     * Setter for locale.
     *
     * @param string $locale The locale to set as active
     *
     * @author Benjamin Carl <opensource@clickalicious.de>
     *
     * @return bool TRUE on success, otherwise FALSE
     *
     * @throws Doozr_I18n_Service_Exception
     */
    public function setLocale($locale)
    {
        $result = true;

        // Check if locale is valid
        if (!$this->isValidLocale($locale)) {
            throw new Doozr_I18n_Service_Exception(
                sprintf('The locale "%s" is not valid.', $locale)
            );
        }

        $this->locale = $locale;

        return $result;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the currently active locale.
     *
     * @author Benjamin Carl <opensource@clickalicious.de>
     *
     * @return string|null The active locale if set, otherwise NULL
     */
    public function getLocale()
    {
        return $this->locale;
    }

    /**
     * This method is intend to return the current active locale.
     *
     * @author Benjamin Carl <opensource@clickalicious.de>
     *
     * @return string The active locale
     */
    public function getClientPreferredLocale()
    {
        if (null !== $this->locale) {
            $locale = $this->locale;

        } else {
            // Get detector
            $detector = $this->getDetector();

            // Detect user's preferred locale
            $detector->detect();

            // get the locale from detector
            $locale = $detector->getLocale();
        }

        // return the active locale
        return $locale;
    }

    /**
     * Returns an instance of the locale detector.
     *
     * @author Benjamin Carl <opensource@clickalicious.de>
     *
     * @return Doozr_I18n_Service_Detector Instance of the locale detector
     */
    public function getDetector()
    {
        return Doozr_I18n_Service_Detector::getInstance(self::$config, self::getRegistry());
    }

    /**
     * This method is intend to return the instance of the locale-detector.
     *
     * @param string $type   The type of the formatter to return
     * @param string $locale The locale to use for formatter
     *
     * @author Benjamin Carl <opensource@clickalicious.de>
     *
     * @return Doozr_I18n_Service_Localize_Abstract The instance of the locale-detector
     *
     * @throws Doozr_I18n_Service_Exception
     */
    public function getLocalizer($type = self::LOCALIZER_DEFAULT, $locale = null)
    {
        // If no locale was passed use the active one
        if ($locale === null) {
            $locale = $this->locale;
        }

        // Retrieve valid input
        $input = $this->validateInput($locale);

        // Convert type to required format
        $type = ucfirst(strtolower($type));

        // Check for redirect -> !
        if (true === isset($input['redirect']) && null !== $input['redirect']) {
            return $this->getLocalizer($type, $input['redirect']);
        } else {
            return self::instantiate(
                'Doozr_I18n_Service_Localize_'.$type,
                [
                    self::getRegistry(),
                    $input['locale'],
                    null,
                    self::$config,
                    $input['configuration'],
                    $this->getTranslator($input['locale']),
                ]
            );
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns an translator instance for passed locale.
     *
     * @param string $locale   The locale to return translator for
     * @param string $encoding The encoding of the translation
     *
     * @author Benjamin Carl <opensource@clickalicious.de>
     *
     * @return Doozr_I18n_Service_Translator An instance of the locale-detector
     *
     * @throws Doozr_I18n_Service_Exception
     */
    public function getTranslator($locale = null, $encoding = null)
    {
        // if no locale was passed use the active one
        if ($locale === null) {
            $locale = $this->getLocale();
        }

        // Check if locale is available on system
        $availableLocales = $this->getAvailableLocales();

        if (false === in_array($locale, $availableLocales)) {
            throw new Doozr_I18n_Service_Exception(
                sprintf('The locale "%s" is not available by configuration.', $locale)
            );
        }

        // if no encoding was passed use the active one
        if ($encoding === null) {
            $encoding = $this->getEncoding();
        }

        // retrieve valid input
        $input = $this->validateInput($locale);

        // check for redirect
        if (isset($input['redirect'])) {
            $translator = $this->getTranslator($input['redirect'], $encoding);
        } else {
            $translator = new Doozr_I18n_Service_Translator($locale, $encoding, self::$config, $input['configuration']);
        }

        return $translator;
    }

    /*------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     | FULFILL Doozr_I18n_Service_Interface
     +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

    /**
     * PHPTAL:
     * Sets the language for translation.
     *
     * In our I18n service its normally done by calling setLocale()
     * which is instrumentalized in this method.
     *
     * @author Benjamin Carl <opensource@clickalicious.de>
     *
     * @return bool|string Locale which was set on success, otherwise FALSE
     *
     * @see PHPTAL_TranslationService::setLanguage()
     */
    public function setLanguage()
    {
        // assume false result
        $result = false;

        // get a translator instance
        $this->initTemplateTranslator();

        // get valid locales from arguments
        $locales = func_get_args();
        $locale  = isset($locales[0]) ? $locales[0] : null;

        if ($locale !== null) {
            $result = $this->setLocale($locale);
        }

        return $result;
    }

    /**
     * PHPTAL:
     * Will inform translation service what encoding page uses.
     * Output of encrypt() must be in this encoding.
     *
     * @param string $encoding The encoding as string e.g. ...
     *
     * @author Benjamin Carl <opensource@clickalicious.de>
     *
     * @return bool TRUE on success, otherwise FALSE
     */
    public function setEncoding($encoding)
    {
        $this->encoding = $encoding;

        $this->initTemplateTranslator();

        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the current active encoding.
     *
     * @author Benjamin Carl <opensource@clickalicious.de>
     *
     * @return string Currently active encoding (e.g. "UTF-8") ...
     */
    public function getEncoding()
    {
        return $this->encoding;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the domain used for translation.
     *
     * This method is intend to set the domain used for translations (if different parts of application are translated
     * in different files. This is not for language selection). In our I18n service its normally done by calling
     * setNamespace() which is instrumentalized by this method.
     *
     * @param string $domain The domain to use
     *
     * @author Benjamin Carl <opensource@clickalicious.de>
     *
     * @return string The domain as array capsuled
     *
     * @see PHPTAL_TranslationService::useDomain()
     */
    public function useDomain($domain)
    {
        $this->initTemplateTranslator();

        self::$templateTranslator->setNamespace($domain);

        return [$domain];
    }

    public function addDomain($domain)
    {
        $this->initTemplateTranslator();

        self::$templateTranslator->addNamespace($domain);

        return [$domain];
    }

    /**
     * Set the XHTML-escaped value of a variable used in translation key.
     *
     * You should use it to replace all ${key}s with values in translated strings.
     *
     * @param string $key           The name of the variable    // key
     * @param string $value_escaped XHTML markup                \\ value
     *
     * @author Benjamin Carl <opensource@clickalicious.de>
     *
     * @return bool TRUE on success, otherwise FALSE
     *
     * @see PHPTAL_TranslationService::setVar()
     */
    public function setVar($key, $value_escaped)
    {
        $this->initTemplateTranslator();

        $this->setVariable($key, $value_escaped);

        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Setter for variable.
     *
     * @param string $key   The key/name of the variable
     * @param string $value The value of the variable
     *
     * @author Benjamin Carl <opensource@clickalicious.de>
     */
    public function setVariable($key, $value)
    {
        $this->variables[$key] = $value;
    }

    /**
     * Fluent: Setter for variable.
     *
     * @param string $key   The key/name of the variable
     * @param string $value The value of the variable
     *
     * @author Benjamin Carl <opensource@clickalicious.de>
     *
     * @return $this Instance for chaining
     */
    public function variable($key, $value)
    {
        $this->setVariable($key, $value);

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Getter for variable.
     *
     * @param string $key The key to return.
     *
     * @author Benjamin Carl <opensource@clickalicious.de>
     *
     * @return string|null The value of the variable, NULL
     */
    public function getVariable($key)
    {
        return $this->variables[$key];
    }

    /**
     * Returns all defined variables.
     *
     * @author Benjamin Carl <opensource@clickalicious.de>
     *
     * @return array Name of defined variables
     */
    public function getDefinedVariables()
    {
        return array_keys($this->variables);
    }

    /**
     * Getter for variables.
     *
     * @author Benjamin Carl <opensource@clickalicious.de>
     *
     * @return array Name of defined variables
     */
    public function getVariables()
    {
        return $this->variables;
    }

    /**
     * Magic: Setter for variable.
     *
     * @param string $key   The key/name of the variable
     * @param string $value The value of the variable
     *
     * @author Benjamin Carl <opensource@clickalicious.de>
     *
     * @return array Name of defined variables
     */
    public function __set($key, $value)
    {
        $this->setVariable($key, $value);
    }

    /**
     * Replaces a string with another one in passed string.
     *
     * @param string $pattern The pattern to be used for detection
     * @param string $string  String to work with
     * @param string $replace Replacement string
     *
     * @author Benjamin Carl <opensource@clickalicious.de>
     *
     * @return string The resulting string
     */
    public function replaceVariables($pattern, $string, $replace)
    {
        $count = preg_match($pattern, $string, $result);

        for ($i = 0; $i < $count; $i += 2) {
            $string = str_replace($result[$i], $this->getVariable($result[$i + 1]), $string);
        }

        return $string;
    }

    /**
     * Translate a key (e.g. gettext) and interpolate variables.
     *
     * @param string     $key        Translation key, e.g. "hello ${username}!" or a simple one "hello_message_user"
     * @param bool       $htmlEscape TRUE to HTML-escape translated string. Never HTML-escape interpolated variables
     * @param array|null $arguments  Arguments to pass with translation.
     *
     * @author Benjamin Carl <opensource@clickalicious.de>
     *
     * @return string The translation for passed key on success, otherwise passed key
     *
     * @see PHPTAL_TranslationService::translate()
     */
    public function translate($key, $htmlEscape = true, array $arguments = null)
    {
        // Init the translator instance first. We need to call this stupid on each
        $this->initTemplateTranslator();

        /*
         * @todo Bugfix : here everything gets encoded and this return trash or whatsoever
         */
        if (true === $htmlEscape) {
            $value = self::$templateTranslator->__($key, $arguments);
        } else {
            $value = self::$templateTranslator->_($key, $arguments);
        }

        // Replace the contained placeholder keys with the content of these variables:
        $value = $this->replaceVariables(
            '/\${(.*[A-Za-z0-9])}/',
            $value,
            $this->getVariables()
        );

        return (strlen($value) && $value !== $key) ? $value : $key;
    }

    /*------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     | TOOLS + HELPER
     +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

    /**
     * This method is intend to validation the input locale and return data
     * required for running service.
     *
     * @param string $locale The locale to prepare data for
     *
     * @author Benjamin Carl <opensource@clickalicious.de>
     *
     * @return array The prepared data
     *
     * @throws Doozr_I18n_Service_Exception
     */
    protected function validateInput($locale = null)
    {
        // check for valid locale
        if ($locale && !$this->isValidLocale($locale)) {
            throw new Doozr_I18n_Service_Exception(
                sprintf('Invalid locale: %s', $locale)
            );
        }

        // get concrete locale
        $locale = ($locale !== null) ? $locale : $this->getClientPreferredLocale();

        $config = $this->getL10nConfigurationByLocale($locale);

        // check for redirect of current locale (e.g. from "en-gb" -> "en")
        try {
            $redirectLocale = $config->redirect->target;
            $this->locale   = $redirectLocale;
        } catch (Whoops\Exception\ErrorException $e) {
            $redirectLocale = null;
        } catch (Exception $e) {
            $redirectLocale = null;
        }

        // return a valid set of locale, redirect locale and the configuration
        return [
            'locale'   => $locale,
            'redirect' => $redirectLocale,
            'configuration'   => $config,
        ];
    }

    /**
     * Initializes the template translator.
     *
     * @author Benjamin Carl <opensource@clickalicious.de>
     *
     * @return bool TRUE on success, otherwise FALSE
     */
    protected function initTemplateTranslator()
    {
        if (!self::$templateTranslator) {
            self::$templateTranslator = $this->getTranslator();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Checks for fulfilled requirements of I18n service.
     *
     * @author Benjamin Carl <opensource@clickalicious.de>
     *
     * @return bool TRUE if requirements fulfilled, otherwise FALSE
     * @static
     *
     * @throws Doozr_I18n_Service_Exception
     */
    protected static function checkRequirements()
    {
        // check if extension mbstring => Multibyte String is installed and usable
        if (!extension_loaded('mbstring')) {
            // Error: multibyte-string extension not installed!
            throw new Doozr_I18n_Service_Exception(
                'Error while checking requirements. "mbstring"-extension could not be found. Please install and '.
                'enable the extension in the "php.ini"'
            );
        }

        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the Localization configuration-file (L10n) for passed locale.
     *
     * This method returns the L10n configuration from configuration file for passed
     * locale if exist. Otherwise an Doozr_I18n_Service_Exception is thrown.
     *
     * @param string $locale The locale to return configuration for
     *
     * @author Benjamin Carl <opensource@clickalicious.de>
     *
     * @return object The instance of the configreader holding the object representation of L10n configuration
     *
     * @throws Doozr_I18n_Service_Exception
     */
    protected function getL10nConfigurationByLocale($locale)
    {
        // Check if already a configuration parser exist
        if (true === isset(self::$configurationByLocale[$locale])) {
            $config = self::$configurationByLocale[$locale];
        } else {
            $filename = self::getRegistry()->getPath()->get(
                'app',
                'Data/Private/I18n/'.$locale.'/'.self::FILE_NAME_L10N.'.'.self::FILE_EXTENSION_L10N
            );

            // Read
            $config = $this->getConfigurationReader();
            $config->read($filename);

            self::$configurationByLocale[$locale] = $config;
        }

        return $config;
    }

    /**
     * Returns an instance of Doozr's internal Config-Reader for reading INI-Configurations.
     *
     * @author Benjamin Carl <opensource@clickalicious.de>
     *
     * @return Doozr_Configuration_Reader_Ini
     *
     * @throws Doozr_Di_Exception
     */
    protected function getConfigurationReader()
    {
        // Add required dependencies
        self::$registry->getContainer()->getMap()->wire(
            [
                'doozr.filesystem.service' => Doozr_Loader_Serviceloader::load('filesystem'),
                'doozr.cache.service'      => Doozr_Loader_Serviceloader::load(
                    'cache',
                    DOOZR_CACHING_CONTAINER,
                    DOOZR_NAMESPACE_FLAT.'.cache.i18n',
                    [],
                    DOOZR_UNIX,
                    DOOZR_CACHING
                ),
            ]
        );

        /* @var Doozr_Configuration_Reader_Ini $config */
        $config = self::$registry->getContainer()->build(
            'doozr.configuration.reader.ini',
            [
                DOOZR_CACHING,
            ]
        );

        return $config;
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Gnadochaeta is a genus of bristle flies in the family Tachinidae. There are at least 30 described species in Gnadochaeta.

Species
These 30 species belong to the genus Gnadochaeta:

 Gnadochaeta antennalis (Aldrich, 1934) c g
 Gnadochaeta atra (Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1893) c
 Gnadochaeta australis (Townsend, 1916) c g
 Gnadochaeta clistoides (Townsend, 1891) i c g
 Gnadochaeta coerulea Macquart, 1851 c g
 Gnadochaeta crudelis (Wiedemann, 1830) i c g
 Gnadochaeta difficilis (Aldrich, 1934) c g
 Gnadochaeta flava (Coquillett, 1900) c
 Gnadochaeta fulvicornis (Zetterstedt, 1849) i c g
 Gnadochaeta globosa (Townsend, 1892) i c g
 Gnadochaeta harpi (Reinhard, 1974) i c g
 Gnadochaeta lasia (Reinhard, 1959) i c g
 Gnadochaeta madera (Townsend, 1915) c g
 Gnadochaeta madrensis (Townsend, 1915) c g
 Gnadochaeta mesensis (Townsend, 1915) i c g
 Gnadochaeta metallica (Townsend, 1891) i c g b
 Gnadochaeta morinioides (Townsend, 1919) i c g
 Gnadochaeta neomexicana (Townsend, 1915) i c g
 Gnadochaeta nigrifrons (Townsend, 1892) i c g b
 Gnadochaeta ochreicornis (Townsend, 1916) c g
 Gnadochaeta oregonensis (Townsend, 1915) i c g
 Gnadochaeta pollinosa (Curran, 1926) c
 Gnadochaeta pruinosa (Herting, 1973) c g
 Gnadochaeta puncticeps (Zetterstedt, 1859) i c g
 Gnadochaeta robusta (Coquillett, 1897) i c g
 Gnadochaeta ruficornis (Townsend, 1892) i c g
 Gnadochaeta setigera (Townsend, 1908) i c g
 Gnadochaeta sierricola (Townsend, 1917) c g
 Gnadochaeta sigilla (Reinhard, 1959) i c g
 Gnadochaeta solitaria (Aldrich, 1934) c g

Data sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net

References

Further reading

External links

Tachinidae
Brachycera genera

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


We're in the Record Books!
LITTLE ROCK (April 1, 2016)— Ron Sherman known locally as a TV personality and weatherman for over 26 years, founded Ron Sherman Advertising (R.S.A.) in 1986. Sherman's full-service ad agency and production studio produces thousands of commercials each year.
Chances are Arkansans have seen Sherman regularly appearing in commercials for his local home improvement client Royal Windows & More, but it is relatively unknown that the majority of Sherman's business is outside the state. RSA serves national and regional home improvement accounts such as Englert LeafGuard, Beldon Home Solutions, Window Works, Window Depot, Owens Corning Basements and Bath Planet.
In 2015 as an agency, Sherman and his team collectively produced more than 6,400 commercials for home improvement that aired in over 100 TV markets across the United States and Canada. Sherman was the on-camera talent for more than half of this total with the remaining balance featuring presenters John Lee, Tracy Douglass, Jason Harper, Ashley King, Lisa Fischer and other local TV personalities.
On May 3rd, a ceremony will be held at Ron Sherman Advertising where an official adjudicator from GUINNESS WORLD RECORDS will present Ron with a certificate in recognition of his GUINNESS WORLD RECORDS title.
Ron Sherman Advertising is proud to be an Arkansas business making a national impact as the top advertiser in the home improvement industry.
Click here to read more about the record!


Pullovers, sweatshirts and sweater dresses for women for spring-summer 2016 are irreplaceable in cool weather. Some designers adhere to timeless classics, while others seek to lead us to something unique and fantastic. Fashion trends 2016 for all items of clothing are the aspiration to asymmetry and incompleteness of the image like individual parts, and clothing in general.
In pullovers, sweatshirts and sweater dresses for women collections are common monophonic goods with smooth texture and models created in various color themes, products from fine yarn. Most of sweaters, pullovers and sweatshirts models in SS16 season versatile and comfortable, so they can be worn during the day and in different situations.
In the 2016 fashion trends, there are volumetric women's jumpers, sweaters, pullovers and sweatshirts. If you go to country house with friends, you will feel warm and cozy yourself wearing it. Sweater dresses for women can be worn with pencils skirts, jeans, leggings, shorts and long flared skirts.


Young readers learn how to use bar graphs to solve word problems.
hoopla:MWT11415030|eBook|eBook||English|Cherry Lake Publishing,|2013.|1 online resource, ils:957597|Book|Books||English|Cherry Lake Publishing,|2014.|24 pages : color illustrations, charts ; 22 cm.
Graphing story problems / by Sherra G. Edgar, Graphing story problems [electronic resource] Edgar, Sherra G.


The Yorkshire Flower Patch was set up by Rachel in 2017 in the beautiful Calder Valley, West Yorkshire.
Our flowers and foliage are grown on our home farm. We have a 5 acre field which the flowers share with our two resident horses and our woodland provides a great area for foraging for seasonal foliage and flowers.
We grow beautiful and stunningly scented British flowers which change with the seasons. Using our seasonal flowers and foliage we create natural arrangements for weddings, funerals, events, special occasions or just because. Our flowers and foliage are also available to local florists wholesale.
during our main cutting season, april to october, you can often find us at local markets with a large selection of our beautiful flowers. keep an eye on our social media pages to find out where we will be next.


Finance your next project or goal, with predictable payments.
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Conduct business in multiple currencies with our Foreign Exchange (FX) services.
Secure and effective ways to work with local or international trading partners.
Manage your banking on your mobile device with our Santander Business Banking App.
Take advantage of Zero Balance, IOLTA and Escrow accounts to meet your specialized business requirements.
Provide your business with fast, easy and cost-effective payment card processing solutions.
As a business owner, you value freedom as much as growth; and personal goals and satisfaction go straight to your bottom line. That's why you deserve a business banking relationship that respects your efforts and supports your progress. So, walk in like you own the place and tell us how we can help you succeed. Because here, your business comes first.
Open a new business checking account that works as hard as you do. Santander offers several bonuses when you open and use a Santander business checking account.
Get $250* when you open and use an eligible new Business Checking or Business Checking Plus account.
Plus, get $250* when you open and use a new Merchant Services account.
Plus, get $120* in waived monthly maintenance fees ($30 per month for four months) when you enroll in Santander® Check Deposit Link.
Business just got better. A Santander Business Line of Credit is a great way to consolidate high-interest-rate debt, cover emergency expenses, or satisfy seasonal needs.
Don't let a cash shortage stand in the way of business opportunities.
When it comes to your business, having the right banking partner can make a world of difference. Santander's broad array of products and services, backed by a team of Business Banking specialists, can help you move your business forward.
Our business banking decision makers are based across our footprint and know the market, plus we have over 650 branch locations.
We're strong, experienced, and part of one of the world's largest global banks.
Our knowledgeable business specialists can help you make the decisions that are right for your business.
We're the preferred business partner of hundreds of thousands of businesses in the Northeast.
We offer several checking, lending and cash management services—ranging from basic to sophisticated—for businesses of all sizes.


text:
Elliot Sloan (born 29 July 1988) is an American professional skateboarder from New York City.

Early life
Elliot Sloan was born on 29 July 1988 in New York City, New York, and was raised there.

Career
Sloan is a five time X Games medalist, most recently winning gold in the Skateboard Big Air event at the 2019 X Games.

Influences
Sloan cites Tony Hawk as an influence for him to begin skateboarding.

References

External links

1988 births
Living people
American skateboarders
X Games athletes
Sportspeople from New York City


text:
Toyota India "exploring options" for petrol Innova and Fortuner - Report
05/01/2016 - 13:00 | Toyota Innova, Toyota Fortuner, Toyota | Anjan Ravi
The Innova was initially launched in India with a petrol engine option.
According to a report on the Economic Times, Toyota Kirloskar Motor (TKM) is considering launching petrol variants of the Innova and Fortuner, post a Supreme Court ruling last month which banned the sale of diesel vehicles with engine capacities greater than 2,000 cc in NCR for the next three months.
The next generation Innova is expected to launch in India this calendar year.
Currently, both the Innova and Fortuner make use of a 2.5-liter diesel engine or a 3.0-liter diesel engine, and hence their sale in NCR is prohibited. TKM sold 91,588 vehicles in the April-November 2015 period and the Innova and Fortuner account for around 55 percent. NCR accounts for 14 percent of TKM's total sales, TS Jaishankar, deputy managing director-commercial TKM, told the newspaper.
Mr. Jaishankar said that the company is "exploring options to bring in petrol versions of the Innova and the Fortuner" to counteract the ban. While TKM was selling a petrol variant of the Innova when it was launched, this variant was pulled out due to low demand, he said.
In global markets, Toyota offers a 2.7L petrol engine on the Fortuner, which too has moved to its second generation.
The ban on large-capacity diesel vehicles comes at a time where TKM is working on manufacturing its new range of 'GD' diesel engines at a plant in Jigani, Karnataka. The new GD diesel engines comprise of 2.4- and 2.8-liter units, and would power the next iterations of the Innova and Fortuner.
Also read: Toyota Crown - Motorshow Focus
The Innova has already moved to its second generation in the Indonesian market, and an Indian launch is expected this calendar year. TKM could introduce a 2.0-liter Dual VVT-i petrol engine on the Innova with its model changeover, and a 2.7-liter petrol engine on the Fortuner, paired to manual and automatic transmissions.
[Source - Economic Times]
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The controversial provision to put a moratorium on refugee resettlement in St. Cloud area was OBLITERATED. WAHOO. A few numbered hate groups don't represent the majority here. Take your bigotry to other places! I know the dude seems like he did this thing as a publicity stunt!!!
Many of the people Mahad called members of hate groups are nothing of the sort. That's an unsubstantiated accusation. Mahad's use of the term hate group is designed to end debate on this issue. Rather than end the debate, Mahad's intolerant statement likely guaranteed that this debate won't end anytime soon.
Goerger's resolution stated that "the Refugee Act of 1980 does not create a mandate for local, city and county government." Is Goerger that stupid? Or is he that dishonest? If Mayor Kleis and the councilmembers want to argue that 8 U.S.C. 1522(2)(A) isn't enforced, that's one thing. If they want to argue that that mandate doesn't exist, that's an entirely different thing.
As for the resolution's status, it hasn't passed officially. I don't doubt that it will eventually pass but it didn't pass last night. When Council President asked for the yeas and nays, that vote was on a motion to call the question. In her haste to end the meeting without additional controversy, Lewis adjourned last night's meeting immediately after the vote to call the question. It wasn't until some time afterwards that they realized their mistake that Lewis called the members back together and 're-opened' the meeting. Once a meeting is adjourned, it can't be re-opened.
Shortly after that, Councilman Masters called the question to end discussion on Goerger's motion. That's when President Lewis ordered the yeas and nays. Laraway, Lewis, Libert, Goerger and Masters voted yea, with Johnson voting nay.
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