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Artist Director
Allen Xing is a dancer, choreographer, and teaching artist. He holds a BFA in Dance from Shanxi Academy of Arts, a M.Ed. from Salisbury University, and a MFA in Dance from University of Maryland. He currently is the Artistic Director of Xing Dance Theater. Before he came to the United States, he was a member of Huajin Dance Drama Ensemble (2007-2011). While in the company, he performed in the production Forbidden Fruit Under the Great Wall which internationally toured through venues including China Greater National Theatre, Shanghai National Grand Theater, and the Kennedy Center. In DMV area, he has performed in many projects including Un Castell built for two by Orange Grove Dance, Rapture by PEARSONWIDRIG DANCETHEATER, and Casita at Jacobs Pillow Dance Festival by PrioreDance. His work has been invited and selected to perform at the NextNow Festival, Maryland Campaign, Peabody Spring Dance Showcase, Global Perspectives Festival, Maryland State Dance Festival, Beijing International Dance Festival, and Japan SAI Dance Festival. Read more
www.allenxing.com
Laurie Dodge
Laurie Dodge is a dancer, teacher, choreographer, and director currently pursuing her Bachelors of Arts in Performance at the University of Maryland, College Parks School of Theatre, Dance, and Performance Studies. She has been training in dance for 17 years, began choreographing and teaching 7 years ago, and has been a full-time teacher and director for the past 4 years. Read more
Huiwang Zhang
Huiwang Zhang began his theater career in Beijing where he worked with the People's Republic of China's pioneering underground Paper Tiger Theatre and China Opera & Dance Drama Theater. His conceptual bilingual research examines mass hysteria, 60s paranoia, and the materialization of ideology through the collective body. He received an MFA from Utah University and studied Choreography at Palucca Hochschule für Tanz Dresden under the mentorship of Katharina Christl. Since his relocation to the States, he has had the honor of working with people like Leah Cox, Jennifer Nugent, Sara Pearson, Patrik Widrig, and Stephen Koester, among others. He is currently a member of Bill T. Jones/Arnie Zane Company.
Shawn Stone
Born and raised in small town rural Iowa, Shawn was a self-taught gymnast until the age of 12 when he began competitive USAG gymnastics. At the age of 16 he began his own program teaching tumbling at a local dance studio in his community, as his own gym was 100 miles away. Shawn became a four-time letter winner in NCAA gymnastics for the University of Iowa while obtaining his BA in Studio Art and Communication Studies (2005). He began his professional performing career in 2006 as an acro/dancer in the world famous Folies Bergere at the Tropicana in Las Vegas. He then performed in Cirque de la Mer ('07, '09, '10) as well as Riptide ('07) at Sea World, San Diego where he did flying trapeze, Chinese poles, tumbling, dance and character work. At the peak of his acrobatic career, Shawn performed in Le Reve, The Dream created by Franco Dragone at Wynn Las Vegas ('10 – '13). At Le Reve he was an aerial soloist along with disciplines in aerial harness, acrobatics, swimming, diving, hand-balancing, character work, banquine, dance, and partner work. In 2014 Shawn was the Artistic Director and Choreographer for Gladius the Show, an equestrian/acrobatic spectacular that performed in Golden, CO and Austin, TX.
Bruce Yongchul, Kim
Bruce Yongchul, KIM is a choreographer and teaching artist based in South Korea. He holds a B.A. in Dance from KeiMyung University, a M.A. in Dance and a Ph.D. from Sejong Graduate School University. He currently is the Artistic Director of SEOP Dance Company, South Korea.
AWARD EXPERIENCE
Seoul Future Dance Biennale Special Prize A Red, Red
The Korean dance award choice Best 5 A Man's Requiem
The Korean dance critic Association choice Best 6 A Man's Requiem
Performance and Review choice Choreography artist A Man's Requiem
Choom Choom dot com choice Best work A Man's Requiem
Korean Dance Festival/Excellent Work A wind with the no name
Korean dance award (Part of Solo&duet) choice Best 5 Black Salpuri Performance&Review choice Excellent Repertory award A Man's Requiem
Sheng Zhang
Sheng Zhang (Jason) was born in Shanxi, China. He studied Chinese classical and folk dance at Shanxi Academy of Arts, where he received rigorous training in all aspects of the technically demanding and highly structured Chinese dance. He continued his dance education at The National Academy of Chinese Theatre Arts and was also exposed to the traditional Beijing opera movement. After graduation, he was a member of the Beijing Songlei Musical Theater and The National Centre for the Performing Arts of China for four years as a musical theatre artist. He was then further exposed to Jazz, Salsa, Ballroom and modern dance. Sheng went to New York in September 2016 to further his dance training.
Sheng Zhang was a dancer with Graham II and Martha Graham Center of Contemporary Dance as an Apprentice dancer. He is now teaching Graham Technique class at The National Academy of Chinese Theatre Arts and Beijing 9TH Contemporary Dance Theater.
Gabriella Di Giuseppe
Gabriella Di Giuseppe is a yoga teacher, NASM Certified Personal Trainer, and dancer/choreographer currently living and teaching in New York City. She graduated with her Bachelor's Degree in Dance and Dance Education from the University of Maryland, College Park. Gabriella believes that through movement, we are able to gain a deeper understanding of what is already inside of us; mentally, emotionally, and energetically. Helping others find a mind-body connection is what fuels her. In Gabriella's class, you can expect to utilize physical postures, breathwork, meditation, and intention-setting. Expect to sweat, and to finish your practice feeling grounded, centered and refueled.


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2011: The year in news
We take a look back at a year which saw corporate carnage, industry in-fighting and the passing of an industry legend.
by: Tom Brewster
1. 2011: The year in news
It has been a momentous year. The past 12 months have seen uprisings against oppressive regimes, a royal wedding, Bin Laden killed, Kim Jong-Il dead, the Iraq war officially over, panic on the streets of London and all other kinds of pandemonium. It's been manic to say the least.
The tech sector has been no exception. Industry big guns have fallen, CEOs have been thrown out of board rooms, there's been bitching and mega-buck acquisitions, and one of the most significant deaths the industry has ever seen.
We take a look back at what went down in the IT industry in 2011
A lotta litigation
Let's start with the most insufferably depressing theme of the year: the never-ending patent wars. Recent charts resembling many-tentacled sea creatures have appeared online highlighting who is suing who and the utter absurdity of it all.
The main target appears to be Android. It's rather obvious why, considering the operating system's stratospheric growth in 2011. The OS became too popular for its own good in 2011, attracting litigation after litigation, leaving Android looking like the bullied school child.
Yet Google wasn't involved in the most serious legal war threatening Android. Apple and Samsung spent all of 2011 trying to ban each others' products, with the iPhone maker even gaining some success along the way with a number of Galaxy products banned in Europe.
The OS became too popular for its own good in 2011, attracting litigation after litigation, leaving Android looking like the bullied school child.
Microsoft took a different route to targeting Android, deciding to sign license agreements with manufacturers using the OS. By the middle of the year it claimed to have agreements with companies responsible for producing half of all Android devices.
That hasn't stopped it suing others though, and it recently won a little skirmish with Motorola Mobility. No doubt it is hoping Windows 8 will take tablet market share away from others, meanwhile, and it would love Windows Phone 7 to have the same levels of popularity as Android.
BT even joined the mass of companies claiming Android has infringed on its IP, which also includes Oracle who are seeking billions from their court case. So much for festive cheer and good will to all men then
Google retaliated with a surprising public outburst earlier in the year, which amounted to the internet giant essentially having a whinge that the bigger boys had ganged up on Android.
As 2011 comes to a close, hundreds of patent cases are still raging on and, even though they have provided us with a modicum of mirth, they've left a bitter taste too. Not only are the cases nightmarishly complex in their scope and detail, as if Kafka had rewritten Bleak House and it had magically become reality, but ultimately they only lead to harm for businesses and consumers alike.
Amongst the consequences of these costly legal battles are lost innovation and less competition if products are banned. So thanks guys for damaging the tech industry with all your petty squabbling.
2011: The year in news - currently reading
IT regulation
Government IT Strategy

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Tony Lithur Asks For Privacy In Divorce Petition Against Nana Oye Lithur
Legal practitioner, Mr Tony Lithur has pleaded with the public to give his family some privacy following the leakage and publication of documents he filed for divorce against Nana Oye Lithur on social media.
In a press statement dated June 13, 2018 and signed by Mr Lithur he indicated his attention had been to drawn to the leakage and publication on social media of the docket copy of the petition for divorce.
"My attention has been drawn to the publication on social media of the docket copy of a Petition for divorce I have filed against Nana Oye Lithur at the Divorce and Matrimonial Division of the High Court, Accra and some pictures of us."
"While acknowledging the existence of the filed Petition, I would like to say that the process is an emotional and difficult one for us and our children," Mr Lithur wrote.
"I would therefore very respectfully and humbly, ask the general public to kindly give us, our children and loved ones some privacy to deal quietly with this painful stage of our lives."
Mr Tony Lithur's divorce Petition against Nana Oye Lithur was filed on May 2, 2018.
The docket copy was leaked on social media on Tuesday June 12, 2018 and has generated public discussion.
Story from peacefmonline.com News:
© peacefmonline.com


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100 Years of Opening Doors
By George H. Hanford
The College Board was not the product of a plot by elite colleges to close their gates.
Perpetually but unfairly accused of elitism and discrimination, of being nothing more than a gatekeeper, a tester, the College Board is preparing to observe the centennial of its founding later this month in New York City. But rather than being distracted by recent media recycling of such misguided indictments, the board will be celebrating "100 years of opening doors" at its national forum on Oct. 28-31, 2000.
The charge that the College Board has been using tests to keep the gates to higher education closed to all but a favored few is based on three propositions: that it was founded by elite colleges to keep students out; that its SAT was introduced to develop an intellectual elite; and that the SAT discriminates against women and minorities (except, somehow, Asians). All three are way off base.
The College Board was founded in 1900 in response to the insistence by secondary schools that private colleges in the Northeast agree on course requirements for admission. Prior to that time, each college had its own subject-matter requirements and its own entrance examinations. Agreement on what should be taught led to the introduction of common subject-matter entrance examinations administered by a college collective called the College Entrance Examination Board. The motivation was not simply to make things easier for the schools, but also to open up a variety of opportunities for higher education; not to exclude students, but to accommodate them. Thus, the College Board was not the product of a plot by elite colleges to close their gates. Its very first examinations, the result of pressure being put on colleges by secondary schools, were used to open gates.
The next step was to open them wider. The original "College Boards," as they came to be known, were written examinations based on very specific syllabi that reflected the colleges' agreements on carefully prescribed subject-matter content. This circumstance meant that students attending schools that did not offer the required syllabi-based courses were not able to apply to the few College Board colleges in the Northeast. To deal with this restriction, the College Board later introduced a series of "General Examinations" based on much less prescriptive subject-matter coverage. These examinations constituted the second major step in the board's evolving role in opening up access to higher education. In both instances, tests were introduced not to obstruct opportunity, but to expand it.
While it is true that the College Board was primarily a tester for the first 48 years of its existence, it has been much more than that since it spun off the Educational Testing Service in 1948. Prior to that time, the College Board's success in the then-new field of standarized, objective testing had gotten it involved in testing for a variety of purposes other than college admissions. The transfer to the ETS of these examinations unrelated to college admissions made possible what Frank Bowles, the board's first president under the new arrangements, called "the refounding of the College Board."
The resulting freedom from responsibility for these unrelated examinations gave the board the opportunity to take on other activities related to its primary mission: helping young people make the transition from secondary to higher education. It sponsored a series of colloquia in the 1950s that produced the first literature for the then-emerging admissions profession; the Commissions on English and Mathematics, which suggested what should be taught in those subjects at the secondary level; Project EQuality, which identified "reasoning" as one of the six basic competencies required for successful college study; the Commission on Precollege Counseling and Guidance, with its report "Keeping Options Open"; and Equity 2000 and other initiatives mounted during the presidency of Donald Stewart, to name but a few of the nontesting activities.
Founded in 1954, the College Scholarship Service pioneered the concept of student financial aid distributed on the basis of need.
Perhaps the most far-reaching of these endeavors was the College Scholarship Service. Founded in 1954, it pioneered the concept of student financial aid distributed on the basis of need. At a time when college enrollments were burgeoning as a result of the GI Bill and the emerging civil rights movement, distributing scarce dollars on the basis of need not only made it possible for colleges to spread their financial-aid dollars more widely, it also provided the rationale for the distribution of federal student-financial-aid dollars, which fueled the rapid expansion of higher education enrollments in the years following World War II. To suggest that the College Board was and is nothing more than a tester (and a gatekeeper) is ridiculous. Its CSS has had nothing to do with tests and continues to open gates to opportunity.
Yet the author Nicholas Lemann has resurrected in his recent bestseller the charge that the College Board's SAT was developed to restrict access to higher education and continues to do so. In The Big Test: The Secret History of the American Meritocracy, Mr. Lemann documents James B. Conant's interest in using the SAT to help create an intellectual aristocracy to replace the social one then being educated in the elite colleges of the Northeast. But the end result of Conant's championing of the SAT was not simply the broadening of the pool of qualified applicants for colleges like Harvard, but the opening up of opportunities for higher education at all the nation's colleges to students who would otherwise not have had them.
The SAT was an experiment in educational measurement that came on the scene in the mid-1920s. It carried a step further the loosening up of curricular requirements for college entrance that began with the board's General Examinations. In the years preceding World War II, because performance on the SAT was not dependent on any particular subject-matter preparation, colleges were able to consider students from any school in the country—and did, using the SAT in the late l920s and 1930s for the consideration of applicants for financial aid. Its first use, then, was as an instrument that opened college gates, not closed them. And it was this success that encouraged Mr. Conant to champion the SAT.
The SAT came into more prominent use when the General Examinations became a casualty of World War II. When travel restrictions prevented the College Board from assembling "readers" to grade its written examinations, the multiple-choice SAT was waiting in the wings, ready to replace the free-response examinations. The great debate as to whether or not standardized, objective tests should replace written examinations as the instrument of choice in college admissions never took place. By the end of the war, the SAT had become the "College Boards."
The media's take on Mr. Lemann's view of history suggests that James B. Conant foisted the SAT on colleges as a means of establishing and perpetuating his intellectual elite. Another way of looking at the same circumstances, however, suggests something quite different. Harvard's use of the SAT in the 1930s and early 1940s may have supported Conant's intentions, but it also opened up opportunities at Harvard, as well as elsewhere, that would otherwise have been unattainable. Ironically, however, when the GI Bill and the civil rights movement later dramatically increased both the proportion and the number of American young people aspiring to higher education, the SAT came to be perceived as an instrument not of inclusion, but of exclusion. It has been the target of unrelenting attacks ever since.
And so to the third proposition, that the SAT has served to exclude minorities and women from higher education. The irony here is that the test was in widespread use during the period of greatest expansion in college enrollments in the nation's history.
For all the heart-rending stories of young people who have felt disadvantaged by the tests, there are heart-warming ones about students for whom the tests opened up unexpected opportunities.
From a nonmedia perspective, it can be argued that the SAT and its offshoot, the Preliminary Scholastic Aptitude Test, or PSAT, were instrumental in fostering that growth. For all the heart-rending stories of young people who have felt disadvantaged by the tests, there are compensating, heart-warming ones about students for whom the tests opened up unexpected opportunities. The former make great copy for the media; the latter are generally ignored. In particular, the Student Search Service, using the test-candidate populations from the SAT and the PSAT as its source, has helped (and is still helping) colleges identify college-able students who might otherwise go unnoticed. The SAT and PSAT have been used for the same purpose by other agencies. For many years, beginning in the 1960s, for example, the National Scholarship Service and Fund for Negro Students used the PSAT to seek out academic talent and increase the number of African-American high school students going on to higher education.:
As long as minorities and women continue to score less well on the SAT and PSAT, however, the charge of discrimination is bound to persist. And the debate over the reasons for the score differentials will continue.
When I became president of the College Board in 1979, we had for a few years been collecting information about test candidates in addition to their names, addresses, and sex, and publishing that information in aggregate form, except for the data we had about their ethnic or racial backgrounds. This information showed that blacks, Hispanics, and Native Americans, on average, scored well below whites. Members of our staff who were African-American opposed the release of such data. They believed that, if published, the results would, as they put it, "harden stereotypes." They felt, that is, that the data would confirm a widely held belief that minority students were not as smart as majority ones.
My own, opposing view was then, and is now, that the score differentials between majority and minority students are a reflection of the environmental and educational deficits this nation needs to erase.
To test the validity of my belief outside the College Board family, I met with leaders of the black and Hispanic communities to get their reactions. To my surprise, they were unanimously in favor of the release of aggregate scores of our several minority-candidate populations.
To suggest that the College Board should not be engaged in selling guidance and related services to college-bound students because it is their adversary, not their friend, is simply ridiculous.
This bit of history, I realize, will change no minds on the subject of whether or not the SAT discriminates. But the fact that the motivation behind the decision to release the scores of minority students—and, thus, to expose the extent of the presumed "discrimination"—was to call attention to the environmental and educational deficits these young people faced is further testimony to the College Board's evolving goal of championing students' interests, not thwarting them.
To suggest then, as the president of the Princeton Review does, that the College Board should not be engaged in selling guidance and related services to college-bound students because it is their adversary, not their friend, is simply ridiculous. ("Collegeboard.com Prepares To Launch," May 17, 2000.) Through the establishment of Collegeboard.com, this vital, 100-year-old membership association is seeking to adapt a continuing advocacy of students' interests to meet today's circumstances.
George H. Hanford is the president emeritus of the College Board and lives in Cambridge, Mass.
Vol. 20, Issue 6, Pages 38, 41
Published in Print: October 11, 2000, as 100 Years of Opening Doors
"The 10 Worst Educational Disasters of the 20th Century: A Traditionalist's List," Commentary, June 14, 2000.
"Collegeboard.com Prepares To Launch," May 17, 2000.
"New Company Hopes To Score Big With Online Advanced Placement Courses," Feb. 16, 2000.
"College Board Sets Sights on Closing 'Digital Divide,'" Feb. 2, 2000.
"NAACP Criticizes Colleges' Use of SAT, ACT," Dec. 1, 1999.
"By the Number: ETS Assessments," Dec. 1, 1999.
"College Board Plans First Foray Into For-Profit World," Oct. 6, 1999.
"College Board's President Announces Plan To Resign," Oct. 7, 1998.
"College Board Rescores 15,500 Tests," April 1, 1998.
In The Big Test—The Secret History of the American Meritocracy, author and journalist Nicholas Lemann examines the history of the SAT exam and the rise of American intellectual elitism. In an interview from PBS' Frontline, Mr. Lemann calls the focus on SAT test preparation "a kind of hysteria" and "obsessive."
The College Board offers online SAT registration and test preparation, as well as a guide to the college application process.
Certified K-12 Teachers
Legacy Academy of Excellence Charter School, Rockford, Illinois


There was a lot to unpack from the Government's surprise announcement on the eve of Christmas, and try to understand what that might mean for the GDF siting process in 2019, and beyond.
Click on the following links for our separate initial analysis and observations on the Site Evaluation public consultation, and on the National Geological Screening regional summaries.
Following public consultation, there have been subtle changes to the policy which clarify the role of local authorities, and also ease entry into or withdrawal from the siting process. The Government appears to have listened to consultation comments, which were more focused on improving practical implementation of the policy.
Local authorities now have more formal roles in the Community Partnership. For example, they would lead the decision on community withdrawal from the siting process, or of moving to the Test of Public Support (ToPS) stage. These changes reflect the reality of local authorities having wider statutory obligations and functions, but remove the risk that one local authority could stop community interests even discussing participation in the siting process. Also, one local authority cannot now over-rule another (avoiding a "Cumbria 2" scenario).
The Government also seems to have understood that more flexibility in timing and availability of engagement funding is required to support community-level interests from the very earliest stages. The policy has done away with the "formative engagement" phase. The policy now envisages initial 'Working Groups', which do not require local authority participation or approval.
There is also now an explicit commitment to providing separate funding to local authorities, to cover any costs associated with participating in the GDF siting process — so that local taxpayers are not be required to bear any financial burden. With the parlous state of local government finances, and the politically contentious and speculative nature of entering the GDF process, this is an important concession by the Government, to reduce real or perceived barriers to participation.
The GDF siting policy, and RWM's subsequent Community Guidance, sets out an ambitious list of activities for the Community Partnership around citizen engagement and participation, and promises to fund these and other relevant activities. Fulfilling these commitments will be vital if the siting process is to succeed. However, no mention is made of budgets. This is going to be an inevitable area of contention. Communities' wishlists are likely to exceed HM Treasury's willingness to pay. But in a consent-based process, the balance of negotiating power does shift away from those who are soliciting the goodwill and participation of a potential partner. Some interesting discussions ahead!
On balance, the new GDF siting policy has gone as far as might reasonably be expected in developing a flexible framework that might help start and sustain discussions. The difficulty lies in implementation.
So how will all of this roll-out in the coming year, and what can we expect during 2019?
there seems to be a widespread view that any interested communities are unlikely to start coming forward until later in 2019 – but always be prepared to be surprised!
a growing awareness that discussion is probably less likely to solely focus on science and technology at this point, but will be a broader social/political debate about how to most effectively implement the consent-based and partnership approach, that balances the rights of the community with the requirement to progress the site selection process.
In making the announcement before Christmas, the Government have gone some way to protecting the geological disposal programme from any political inertia or fall-out from Brexit.
The consent-based process is unique and untested, and critics are sceptical that Government will actually adhere to its principles. People are used to a "DAD" (Decide, Act, Defend) process for the siting of major infrastructure projects — a process which has tended to make local people feel marginalised and that key decisions affecting where they live are actually taken elsewhere. Significant effort and discussion will be required during 2019 to explain and explore with the wider community sector how the principles of the consent-based process can be implemented in a way that builds public confidence in the fairness of the GDF siting process and the effectiveness of community involvement in decision-making.
Nobody underestimates the challenge ahead. It should be an interesting 2019!


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The Fan Hitch Volume 5, Number 2, March 2003
Editorial: The Blind Men and the Elephant
Dogs in Greenland
The Contribution of Dogs to Exploration in Antarctica
Page from the Behaviour Notebook: Raising Raven
Antarctic Sketches
Physiology of Sledge Dogs
Thesis update
Blue Eye update
Product Review: DirectStop®
Book Review: Carved from the Land
Tip for the Trail: Re-lining Water Jug Caps
IMHO: Preservation vs. Savingw
This paper originally appeared in Polar Record 8 (55): 317-321 (January 1957). It is presented here thanks to the generosity of Shirley Sawtell of the Scott Polar Research Institute who provided a copy and to Beau Riffenburgh, Editor of the Polar Record, who kindly granted permission to reprint it. Ed.
Ken Doyle and 'The Giants', 1968 By Mike Fielding from The Book that Wasn't
THE PHYSIOLOGY OF SLEDGE DOGS
by R.J.F. TAYLOR
[MS. received 7 September 1956.]
In 1954 and 1955 the author was stationed at Hope Bay in Graham Land, as one of the twelve men at Base D of the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey. During this time an investigation was carried out into the physiology of sledge dogs. This investigation was divided into two main parts: the first was a study of the sledging diet, and the second of the factors affecting the work output of sledge dogs.
As well as summarizing the results, this article attempts to make two particular points. The first is to demonstrate the unusual opportunity for detailed scientific work that now exists in the Falkland Islands Dependencies, and the second that such work need not be of a specialized and remote nature, but can be regarded as part of the general fabric and structure of pure science.
On average there were seventy-five dogs at Hope Bay, most of which had originally been brought from Labrador in 1944 and 1945, but are now in their third Antarctic generation.1 Other dogs came from Canada and Greenland in 1954, and these were smaller and faster than the "native" stock.2 Most of the investigation was carried out on a particular team of nine dogs with which the author traveled 2700 miles. The longest journey was a little under 900 miles and lasted three months.2
At base, dogs were fed seal meat on alternate days, but on journeys the diet consisted of "Bovril" dog pemmican, which was usually fed in 1 lb. blocks. This food has been the basis of sledging rations for dogs on British expeditions since it was first used by H. G. Watkins in 1930.
"Bovril" dog pemmican is a dry and compact food made from Argentine beef. Two-thirds of it is protein, one-third is fat and there is no carbohydrate. There is no vitamin A in pemmican, but it is not essential in a sledging ration. The reason is that the dogs receive a liberal supply of vitamin A at base, and can store sufficient in their bodies to last ten months with no further intake.
There is insufficient vitamin B1 and an incipient deficiency was demonstrated in a dog after fifteen days on a "Bovril" dog pemmican diet.
Vitamin C is also absent from this pemmican, but dogs, like the majority of mammals, can synthesize this vitamin and so do not need a dietary supply.3 Man, monkeys and guinea-pigs are exceptions and they develop "scurvy" with insufficient vitamin C. Recently it has been shown that rats, which normally synthesize sufficient, do not do so under extreme conditions, and it has been suggested that dogs, while sledging, might develop scurvy also. This possibility was considered, and the results were negative and conclusive. After two months on a "Bovril" dog pemmican diet with fairly rigorous conditions, dogs still synthesized more than sufficient vitamin C for their needs.
"Bovril" dog pemmican was neither absorbed nor utilized satisfactorily. The dogs passed 30 per cent of the dry matter in the diet into their faeces; the equivalent figure for a man eating sledging rations is 4 per cent.4 The bulk of the faeces from the dogs was protein, from man it is fat. The urine was saturated with urea and also contained considerable quantities of indigoid pigments. The significance of this last finding is not clear, but the evidence suggests marked disturbance in the normal process of absorption and too much protein in the diet.5
Graph showing the effect of load on power output of a team of nine dogs.
The average weight of the dogs was 85 lb.
Besides this negative criticism of "Bovril" dog pemmican as a sledging ration, some positive and constructive evidence was collected. Beef, which is the basis of this food, is an expensive form of animal protein. Some pemmican was made replacing the beef by whale meat, which is cheap. This was fed to the dogs during a journey of sixteen days, and no significant difference was found in the effects of feeding the whale and beef pemmicans. The second and more important demonstration was that the dogs could absorb and utilize more fat than is in "Bovril" dog pemmican.
The ideal for any sledging ration is to have the maximum utilizable energy with a minimum of weight. This entails a low water content and a high fat diet giving little faecal residue (for fat produces twice as much energy as the same weight of carbohydrate or protein). Some of these aims are conflicting, for example a high fat diet with good utilization, and as yet there is no exact knowledge of the optimum design or even the total amount for a concentrated and complete diet for man or for any animal. A new diet has been provided by Bob Martin's Ltd., and this contains approximately 50 per cent fat, 25 per cent protein and 20 per cent carbohydrate. Thus there has been an increase in the amount of fat and carbohydrate and a reduction in protein. The theoretical calorific value is 2800 in a pound as opposed to the previous 2300, but it is hoped that in practice the difference will be more marked. The formula was decided not only from a knowledge of dogs, but more from general considerations of nutrition, in particular knowledge obtained from rats and from man. Twelve tons of the new ration went to the Falkland Islands Dependencies in the autumn of 1956.
The second line of investigation was into the work output of dogs. This depended on the measurement of the force exerted by a team of dogs pulling a sledge. The pull was measured electrically, using a new type of strain gauge developed by Saunders-Roe Ltd.6 The pull exerted altered the electrical resistance of the gauges and this change was measured by a milliammeter mounted at the back of the sledge. Extensive records were collected with this apparatus.
Work is the product of force and distance, and so load plays a dominant part in determining work output. With no load, no "useful" work is done, however fast the team moves. With too heavy a load there is no work output, as the dogs cannot move the sledge. At some intermediate load or loads the work output will be a maximum (see Fig.). The maximum speed of the particular team, unladen, was around 15 m.p.h. and the maximum pull they could exert to keep a heavy sledge moving was just over 300 lb. wt. The maximum work output occurred when trotting at 5 m.p.h. with a drag of 120 lb. wt., and when walking at 3.2 m.p.h. with a drag of 210 lb. wt. The maximum "useful" work output, from the team of nine dogs of average 85 lb., was 1100 Calories during one hour. For a few minutes the work output could be increased by 23 per cent. These figures for the maximum work done by the dogs are similar, weight for weight, to that produced by the "rowing eight" that won their event in the Olympic Games of 1924.7
It is suggested that different factors may limit the maximum work output at different loads. The suggestions are that the rate of oxygen supply to the muscles limits useful work output when trotting, and that muscle power limits useful work output when walking. These controls can be likened to fuel supply and to engine size. Dogs can only gallop with an extremely light sledge. While galloping there are instants in time when all the feet are off the ground together, 8 and so any drag will result in alternate retardations and accelerations of the body and therefore energy is wasted. It is suggested that the type of gait, the "gear box", limits maximum useful work output while galloping with a sledge, and not oxygen uptake or total muscle power.
The muscles of two sledge dogs were examined in an attempt to find the total weight of locomatory muscle. It is extremely difficult to decide from dissections exactly which muscles are employed, but a figure was obtained for the power/weight ratio of dog muscle which is slightly higher than the accepted figure for mammalian muscle of 17 watts per kilogram.9
During a journey, diet is rigidly controlled and the details are known as completely as "Bovril" dog pemmican can be analysed. Experiments produced a knowledge of the maintenance needs of resting dogs and the measurement of the work output enables the energy input and output to be balanced. Although this calculation does involve certain drastic assumptions, it has been carried out and three conclusions have emerged. The first is that the muscles of the dogs have an efficiency of at least 20 per cent, i.e. they convert chemical energy to mechanical energy at this figure. The second conclusion is that under "normal sledging conditions" three-quarters of the mechanical power produced in the locomatory muscles is used in moving the sledge and the other quarter is used in moving the dogs. The third conclusion is that a drop in temperature of one degree Fahrenheit demands an increase of 0.3 per cent in maintenance needs.
In the work so far described, the dogs are considered as engines. This is too simple a view and the loss of work output on journeys can be attributed both to mechanical and psychological reasons. On a ration of 1 lb. of "Bovril" dog pemmican, the loss in work output due to mechanical and nutritional deterioration was 5 per cent a week; on 1-1/4 lb. and vitamin tablets, this figure was 2 per cent. However, the actual working rate during journeys varies from day to day and sometimes fell to 50 per cent of the maximum, even with good sledging surfaces. Also there were occasional marked spurts, usually with obvious mental stimuli, and it is concluded that the psychology of the dogs played a bigger part in determining the variations in their performance than their physical condition. Thus, during travel on flat and continuous sheets of ice and snow, dogs became bored, and changes in the environment, such as a visual objective, produced a marked increase in their performance. This point is well presented by Young10 in connexion with mountaineering: "Mental distraction is as important as change of movement for the easy performance of sustained physical effort", and "Far more than any muscular strength or even physical fitness, will power is the dominant force in maintaining normal energy."
The organization of the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey is suitable for many kinds of physiological investigation and it is hoped that another "dog physiologist" will be appointed. There is nearly complete control of feeding, breeding and exercise of the dogs, and extensive and reliable records are in existence. In fact, sledging is very similar to a laboratory experiment using a treadmill, except that the observer is taking exercise also.
Mandy's Pups: Grapple and Puke, drinking from lid of Pyrex casserole.
They also loved to put their paws in the milk and walk through it as they
were feeding. Very messy. By Mike Fielding from The Book that Wasn't
Complimentary to the work done in Graham Land, Professor A. N. Worden carried out some feeding tests at Huntingdon. Some of his results are included in this paper and full acknowledgement must be made to him and to Dr. C. E. Waterhouse for help and advice on nutritional matters. The analysis of faeces was arranged by Dr. E. M. Widdowson, who also gave much advice.
Many other people have given assistance, both in the field and at Cambridge, and the work must be considered more as a composite piece of research than an individual effort. Finally I should like to thank Dr. E. Kodicek, Dr. P. M. O. Massey and K. E. C. Powell, and also the Royal Society who paid for the strain gauge apparatus.
1 ADIE, R. J. Sledge dogs of the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey, 1947-50. Polar Record, Vol. 6, No.45, 1953, p. 631-41.
2 The Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey, 1954-55. Polar Record, Vol. 8, No. 54, 1956, p. 260-264.
3 INNES, J. R. M. Vitamin C requirements of the dog. Second Report of the Director of Animal Pathology, Cambridge, 1931, p. 143-50.
4 BUTSON, A. R. C. Utilization of high fat diet at low temperatures. Lancet. Vol. 250, No. 1, 1950, p. 993-94.
5 RIMINGTON, C. Indigoid pigments derived from a pathological urine. Biochemical Journal, Vol. 40, No. 5, 1946, p. 669-74.
6 JACKSON, P. The foil strain gauge. Instrument Practice. Vol. 7, No. 10, 1953, p. 775-86.
7 HENDERSON, Y. and HAGGARD, H. W. The maximum of human power and its fuel. American Journal of Physiology. Vol. 72, No. 2, 1925, p. 264-82.
8 GRAY, J. How animals move. Cambridge, 1953.
9 GRAY, J. Studies in animal locomotion. VI. Journal of Experimental Biology. Vol. 13, No. 2, 1936, p. 192-99.
10 YOUNG G. WINTHROP. Mountain craft, 4th edition. London, 1945, p. 14.


text:
KURDISTAN IRAQ ENTERTAINMENT GENERAL
SPORT OPINION INTERVIEWS PHOTO GALLERY VIDEO GALLERY ABOUT
English كوردى عربى
SPORT OPINION INTERVIEWS PHOTO GALLERY VIDEO GALLERY ABOUT CONTACT US
Al-Sadr refuses postponement of the Iraqi parliament elections Snowfall caused the Haj Omran border crossing to be blocked Kurdistan Region reports 68 new cases of Coronavirus At least 2 dead in an explosion in Madrid 746 new cases of Coronavirus recorded in Iraq today
Warnings of a volcano eruption in the western Caribbean
kurdiu english 31/12/2020 - 17:50 News/Entertainments & arts
Volcanoes that have been quiet for decades are rumbling to life in the eastern Caribbean, prompting officials to issue alerts in Martinique and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines as scientists rush in to study activity they say has not been observed in years.
The most recent warning was issued late Tuesday for La Soufriere volcano in St Vincent and the Grenadines, a chain of islands home to more than 100,000 people. Officials reported tremors, strong gas emissions, the formation of a new volcanic dome and changes to its crater lake.
The Caribbean Disaster Emergency Management Agency said that scientists observed an "effusive eruption within the crater, with visible gas and steam".
The government warned those living near the volcano to prepare to evacuate if needed, declaring an orange alert, which means eruptions could occur with less than 24 hours' notice.
La Soufriere, located near the northern tip of the main island of St Vincent, last erupted in 1979, and a previous eruption in 1902 killed some 1,600 people.
That occurred shortly before Martinique's Mount Pelee erupted and destroyed the town of Saint-Pierre, killing more than 30,000 people.
Mount Pelee is also active once again. In early December, officials in the French Caribbean territory issued a yellow alert due to seismic activity under the mountain. It was the first alert of its kind issued since the volcano last erupted in 1932, Fabrice Fontaine, with Martinique's Volcanological and Seismological Observatory, told The Associated Press.
While the eastern Caribbean is one long chain of active and extinct volcanoes, volcanologist Erik Klemetti, at Denison University in Ohio, said the activity at Mt Pelee and La Soufriere are not related.
"It's not like one volcano starts erupting that others will," he said. "It falls into the category of coincidence."
He said the activity is evidence that magma is percolating towards the surface, although he added that scientists still do not have a very good understanding of what controls how quickly that happens.
"The answers are not entirely satisfying," he said. "It's science that's still being researched."
Klemetti said the most active volcano in recent years in the eastern Caribbean has been Soufriere Hills in Montserrat, which has erupted continuously since 1995, destroying the capital of Plymouth and killing at least 19 people in 1997.
Seventeen of the eastern Caribbean's 19 live volcanoes are located on 11 islands, with the remaining two underwater near the island of Grenada, including one called Kick 'Em Jenny that has been active in recent years.
SOURCE : AP
Turkish Defense Minister arrives in Erbil
Iran holds military drill amid tension with US
The Iraqi Council of Ministers decided to postpone holding early Iraqi elections
more news from kurdiu
Al-Sadr refuses postponement of the Iraqi parliament elections
Snowfall caused the Haj Omran border crossing to be blocked
Kurdistan Region reports 68 new cases of Coronavirus
At least 2 dead in an explosion in Madrid
746 new cases of Coronavirus recorded in Iraq today
DUHOK
HALBJA
Erbil traffic
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Currency and gold prices


Llama Drama - It's Showtime!
The seventh animal in the hilarious AWESOME ANIMALS series – awesome adventures with the wildest wildlife.
It's a HUGE surprise when Farmer Palmer chooses Lewie the llama to guard his new lambs. It's the most important job on the farm and everyone thought he'd pick the biggest strongest, loudest llama.
Lewie is the best at singing and dancing but is he a match for a cunning coyote?


FreeBookNotes found 1 site with book summaries or analysis of Odd Girl Out The Hidden Culture Of Aggression In Girls. If there is a Odd Girl Out The Hidden Culture Of Aggression In Girls SparkNotes, Shmoop guide, or Cliff Notes, you can find a link to each study guide below.
Among the summaries and analysis available for Odd Girl Out The Hidden Culture Of Aggression In Girls, there is 1 Short Summary.
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Sites like SparkNotes with a Odd Girl Out The Hidden Culture Of Aggression In Girls study guide or cliff notes. Also includes sites with a short overview, synopsis, book report, or summary of Rachel Simmons's Odd Girl Out The Hidden Culture Of Aggression In Girls.
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FreeBookNotes has 1 more book by Rachel Simmons, with a total of 6 study guides.


text:
const browserstack = require('browserstack-local')
const request = require('request')
const errors = []
const user = process.env.BROWSERSTACK_USERNAME || 'BROWSERSTACK_USERNAME'
const key = process.env.BROWSERSTACK_ACCESS_KEY || 'BROWSERSTACK_ACCESS_KEY'

exports.config = {
  debug: process.env.CI ? false : true,
  user,
  key,

  updateJob: false,
  specs: [
    './__tests__/ui/*-tests.js',
  ],
  exclude: [],
  maxInstances: 2,

  capabilities: [{
    browser: 'chrome',
    name: 'chrome_tests',
    build: process.env.CI ?
      'hypermedia-client #' +  process.env.TRAVIS_BUILD_NUMBER :
      'hypermedia-client-local',
    'browserstack.local': true,
  }, {
    browser: 'firefox',
    name: 'firefox_tests',
    build: process.env.CI ?
      'hypermedia-client #' +  process.env.TRAVIS_BUILD_NUMBER :
      'hypermedia-client-local',
    'browserstack.local': true,
  }],

  logLevel: 'silent',
  coloredLogs: true,
  screenshotPath: './errorShots/',
  baseUrl: 'http://localhost:3004',
  waitforTimeout: 30000,
  connectionRetryTimeout: 90000,
  connectionRetryCount: 3,

  framework: 'mocha',
  mochaOpts: {
    ui: 'bdd',
    timeout: 30000,
  },

  // Code to start browserstack local before start of test
  onPrepare: (config, capabilities) => {
    if (process.env.CI) {
      console.log('On CI. Skipping local connection because Travis CI will handle this.')
      return
    }
    console.log('Connecting local')
    return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
      exports.bs_local = new browserstack.Local()
      exports.bs_local.start({'key': exports.config.key, 'force': true }, error => {
        if (error) {
          console.log(error)
          return reject(error)
        }
        console.log('Connected. Now testing...')

        resolve()
      })
    })
  },

  afterTest: test => {
    if (!test.passed) {
      errors.push(`${test.fullTitle} failed with error: '${test.err.message}'`)
    }
  },

  after: (result, capabilities, specs) => {
    if (result != 0) {
      console.log('Failing session with id: ' + browser.sessionId)
      request({
        uri: `https://${user}:${key}@www.browserstack.com/automate/sessions/${browser.sessionId}.json`,
        method:'PUT',
        form:{ 'status':'error','reason': errors.join(' | ') },
      })
    }
  },

  // Code to stop browserstack local after end of test
  onComplete: (exitCode, config, capabilities) => {
    console.log('Exited with code: ' + exitCode)

    if (process.env.CI) {
      console.log('On CI. No local connection to close.')
      return
    }

    console.log('Closing local connection')
    exports.bs_local.stop(() => {})
  },
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Home Brick Girl Scouts Of The Jersey Shore Announce Heather Coburn As CEO
Girl Scouts Of The Jersey Shore Announce Heather Coburn As CEO
Heather Coburn (Photo courtesy Girl Scouts of the Jersey Shore)
JERSEY SHORE – Girl Scouts of the Jersey Shore announces former interim CEO Heather Coburn as the newly appointed Chief Executive Officer of the leadership development organization for girls.
Heather leads a dedicated and passionate team of more than 35 full time staff, 20+ board members and countless volunteers and supporters, as they work to build girls of courage, confidence and character who make the world a better place.
Since joining Girl Scouts of the Jersey Shore in 2016, Ms. Coburn has served in a number of roles including the Chief Operations Officer. As COO, she led GSJS staff through new initiatives in response to the pandemic, cultivated the Box of Love Challenge during the 'cookie crisis of 2020' and supported her team through two COVID-free day camp summers.
Starting her career at Girl Scouts as Director of the Office of the CEO in 2016, she was fortunate to serve under two past Chief Executive Officers while managing the GSJS Property Department, increasing staff satisfaction, and supporting Board of Directors functions.
Under Heather's leadership as interim CEO, the Girl Scouts of the Jersey Shore saw tremendous growth in membership, increased donor support and, developed impactful programing that was delivered to girls across Monmouth and Ocean county, regardless of their ability to pay.
Heather helped secure a $500,000 covid relief grant from Monmouth County to cover expenses incurred by council to support programs and leadership experiences. Ms. Coburn is a champion for the Girl Scout movement and the Jersey Shore council which serves more than 11,000 girl and adult members (girls in K-12) from Monmouth and Ocean counties with the resources to become tomorrow's leaders.
"Since joining the organization, Heather has made tremendous and invaluable contributions to GSJS, and we look forward to working with her to continue to enhance and expand opportunities for girls through the Girl Scout Leadership Experience. Heather's strategic leadership, vision for GSJS, and depth of knowledge pertaining to all things Girl Scouts makes her the ideal candidate for this role. We are confident that Heather will lead GSJS to new heights," said Teri O'Connor, GSJS Board Chair.
Heather is thrilled to take on the next stage of growth for GSJS with the expansion of Camp Sacajawea to include an Outdoor Garden and STEM Lab, the continued beautification of Camp Amity Acres and the implementation of a mentorship program for older Girl Scouts.
As she takes on the new role, Heather's primary focus will be on bringing the Girl Scout experience to every girl by allowing girls to have a safe space where they can feel free to be themselves, find a friend who becomes a sister for life, or learns a new passion or skill that helps in making the world a better place.
"Every girl should have access to our programs and services and have the ability to see what Girl Scouts is all about. I want to live in a world where girls and women are empowered and encouraged to take chances and reach their goals. As a leader of this amazing organization and as a mom of a Girl Scout Brownie, I feel a tremendous responsibility to positively impact the lives of our girls and young women. I'm inspired every day by our movement of 2.6 million girl and adult members."
Ms. Coburn is a graduate of University of Delaware. She lives in Brick Township with her very own Brownie Girl Scout, Casey.
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Founded in 1995, Micromedia Publications has seven newspapers in Ocean & Monmouth County, New Jersey. JerseyShoreOnline.com launched in 2017.
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I don't know what it is about the month of February, but all I can think about is red. Maybe it is all the love in the air or the fact that every time I turn around I see a red heart. If you to are going crazy for red and want to add a splash of it to your room, I have some great tips for you.
If you want to make a bold statement, you might want to consider our Soft Look 6 (1in aluminum) blind in the Reg Gloss. It is a bright fire engine red that will gain notice from any view of the room. Perhaps you want to consider something serene, than our Laredo 2 (real wood) in Merlot has a smooth red under tone that is a natural color that will blend well with most decor. It will give you that red you are craving, with a sophisticated but also elegant feel, for any room it is in. Both products are very versatile. You can control how much light you allow into the room at any given time.
Another option you may want to take into consideration is one of our shades. We have a Sateen Roman Shade in Lacquer that has a deep red tone that slightly lightens in direct sunlight. With the Classic Roman Shade it will leave a romantic feel to the room with its folds that flow down the window. For a lighter look you can get the same fabric and color with a Roller shade that has a simple clean look. There are three valance options and a number of colored trims that allow you to really customize the shade to give it a unique look of your own. Whichever option you choose, you are sure to be in a red state of mind.


Answer – A celestial dictator.
Probably the latter. Being an atheist I generally don't listen to sermons but in the spirit of fairness I may try it.
I would have to agree with hobbit-humanist.
Nathan, you are correct about the sound quality. And as having been christian once, and an atheist now, I would have to say this is the best sermon I have EVER heard. That is after 25 years of them.
It doesn't make me change my mind; but it was provoking!
I've given up on trying to change people's minds. I just plant little seeds. Thanks again for taking the time and for your kind words.
The trick to persuasion or learning new things isn't in the trying, it is in the letting go and letting your mind do what it knows how to do. It is like juggling or bicycle riding, the more the self is involved in the process, the harder it becomes.
I could be persuaded, but only in the sense of your portrayal of Pascal … intervention. Deism isn't an issue because deism doesn't entail personality.
What you call inspiration is the artist in you expressing itself. There are depths to all that we are unaware of.
Of course, there is a difference between you and Pascal – he was looking for it.
On the other hand, Saul of Tarsus was not.
Regarding learning, I'm coming to believe that human awareness passes through three phases which are represented in my post, "Holigram." In ascending order they are, naivete, critical thought, and epiphany. Pascal spent most of his life in the second category and attained to the third in 1654. I'd put you in the second category and myself in the third, of course.


text:
National Pork Producers Council President David Herring testifies July 16 during a hearing by the U.S. House Agriculture Committee "Reviewing the State of the U.S. Livestock and Poultry Economies."
Livestock groups call for improved trade deals
Legislative Watch: Pass the USMCA agreement ASAP; ag products inspection needs prioritization; hot dogs and baseball on the Hill.
P. Scott Shearer | Jul 19, 2019
Pass the U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement as soon as possible is the main message from the witnesses representing the pork, beef, sheep, turkey and chicken industries at the House Agriculture Committee's Subcommittee on Livestock and Foreign Agriculture hearing, "Reviewing the State of the U.S. Livestock and Poultry Economies." They emphasize the challenges they face with the ongoing trade wars and lack of new trade agreements. The witnesses also say the United States needs to complete a trade agreement with Japan and reach an agreement to end the trade war with China.
The National Pork Producers Council President David Herring told the committee the China trade war and retaliatory tariffs cost U.S. pork producers $1 billion on an annualized basis or $8 per animal. He also says the United States is losing market share in Japan because the European Union and the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership nations have a competitive advantage with their trade agreements. He says, "We are going to continue to hemorrhage market share unless we quickly get the same market access our competitors have in Japan."
Other issues discussed during the hearing were African swine fever, labor shortages and the National Animal Disease Preparedness and Response Program.
Prioritize inspection of ag products
Reps. Cindy Axne (D-IA) and James Baird (R-IN) are calling on the U.S. Customs and Border Protection to prioritize inspections and screenings of imported agricultural goods to help prevent an outbreak of African swine fever in the United States.
In a letter to the head of the U.S. CBP, the members say, "As ASF continues to spread overseas, it is imperative that CBP prevent an outbreak in the United States. To accomplish this, we respectfully request CBP prioritize agricultural inspections and screenings to prevent the introduction of ASF or other foreign animal diseases to American swine herds. Maintaining strict standards of inspection is critical to ensuring our border and our farmers remain safe from this growing threat."
Bipartisan legislation was introduced in the Senate — the "Protecting Americas Food and Agricultural Act of 2019" — which would increase the focus on the shortage of agricultural inspectors at the U.S. border and give the U.S. CBP the authority to hire additional inspectors. The bill was introduced by Sens. Gary Peters (D-MI), Pat Roberts (R-KS), Debbie Stabenow (D-MI) and John Cornyn (R-TX), and is supported by the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, American Farm Bureau Federation, National Treasury Employees Union, Border Trade Alliance, National Association of State Departments of Agriculture and the National Pork Producers Council.
The NPPC is calling for an increase in funding for an additional 600 U.S. Customs and Border Protection Agricultural Inspectors. This would bring the total number of inspectors to 3,000.
Besides China, ASF outbreaks have been reported in Belgium, Bulgaria, Hungary, Latvia, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Russia, Ukraine, Cambodia, North Korea, Laos, Vietnam and South Africa.
Hot dogs and baseball on Capitol Hill
Hundreds of Senators, Representatives, Congressional staff and meat industry leaders consumed hundreds of hot dogs and corn dogs at this year's Hot Dog Day on Capitol Hill sponsored by the North American Meat Institute.
Hall of Famer Rollie Fingers (Oakland As), Brady Anderson (Baltimore Orioles) and Ray Knight (New York Mets) signed autographs for those in attendance on July 17. This is one of the most popular events on Capitol Hill.
Source: P. Scott Shearer, who is solely responsible for the information provided, and wholly owns the information. Informa Business Media and all its subsidiaries are not responsible for any of the content contained in this information asset.
TAGS: Marketing Regulatory
China trade dispute fueling jobs, profits for U.S. pork competitors
Legislation addresses shortage of agricultural inspectors, canines


text:
Home » Digital »
Mercedes-Benz Canada adds an app
The car co is launching Drive & Seek, a virtual game app aimed at reaching a younger demo.
Inspired by the youthful feel of its 2012 C-Class Coupe, Mercedes-Benz Canada has launched Drive & Seek, a game app which aims to interact with its audience in a way the brand never has before.
The game, developed by Henderson Bas Kohn, challenges players to hunt for virtual briefcases dropped at various GPS locations around Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver. Using their smartphones, players find ten briefcases a week for four weeks. If they need help they can get location tips on the app, or engage Facebook friends for assistance, according to a company release.
When a player is close to a briefcase, the app switches to sonar telling them how far they are away from the briefcase by sound. When they find it, the briefcase is unlocked and information about the Mercedes-Benz C-Class Coupe is revealed, with every 10th briefcase allowing participants to interact with a 3D model of the car. The player that finds the most briefcases will win a C-Class Coupe at the end of the campaign on Nov. 3.
Michael Minielly, supervisor, public relations, Mercedes-Benz Canada, tells MiC the aim of the app is to connect with a more youthful audience that the car co doesn't normally reach.
The app will be promoted with a media campaign by OMD, with creative from BBDO Toronto. Campaign components include OOH wild postings in Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver, print ads running in magazines like Sharp, Report on Business and enRoute, as well as Facebook ads.
BBDO Toronto, henderson bas kohn, Mercedes-Benz Canada, OMD
One Comment on "Mercedes-Benz Canada adds an app"
Spotted! Mercedes-Benz plays with speed » Media in Canada	November 7th, 2011	10:04 am
[...] continued the launch campaign for its C-Class Coupe this weekend with a OOH stunt in downtown [...]


text:
\section{\module{traceback} ---
         Print or retrieve a stack traceback}

\declaremodule{standard}{traceback}
\modulesynopsis{Print or retrieve a stack traceback.}

This module provides a standard interface to extract, format and print
stack traces of Python programs.  It exactly mimics the behavior of
the Python interpreter when it prints a stack trace.  This is useful
when you want to print stack traces under program control, such as in a
``wrapper'' around the interpreter.

The module uses traceback objects --- this is the object type that is
stored in the variables \code{sys.exc_traceback} (deprecated) and
\code{sys.last_traceback} and returned as the third item from
\function{sys.exc_info()}.
\obindex{traceback}

The module defines the following functions:

\begin{funcdesc}{print_tb}{traceback\optional{, limit\optional{, file}}}
Print up to \var{limit} stack trace entries from \var{traceback}.  If
\var{limit} is omitted or \code{None}, all entries are printed.
If \var{file} is omitted or \code{None}, the output goes to
\code{sys.stderr}; otherwise it should be an open file or file-like
object to receive the output.
\end{funcdesc}

\begin{funcdesc}{print_exception}{type, value, traceback\optional{,
                                  limit\optional{, file}}}
Print exception information and up to \var{limit} stack trace entries
from \var{traceback} to \var{file}.
This differs from \function{print_tb()} in the
following ways: (1) if \var{traceback} is not \code{None}, it prints a
header \samp{Traceback (most recent call last):}; (2) it prints the
exception \var{type} and \var{value} after the stack trace; (3) if
\var{type} is \exception{SyntaxError} and \var{value} has the
appropriate format, it prints the line where the syntax error occurred
with a caret indicating the approximate position of the error.
\end{funcdesc}

\begin{funcdesc}{print_exc}{\optional{limit\optional{, file}}}
This is a shorthand for \code{print_exception(sys.exc_type,
sys.exc_value, sys.exc_traceback, \var{limit}, \var{file})}.  (In
fact, it uses \function{sys.exc_info()} to retrieve the same
information in a thread-safe way instead of using the deprecated
variables.)
\end{funcdesc}

\begin{funcdesc}{format_exc}{\optional{limit}}
This is like \code{print_exc(\var{limit})} but returns a string
instead of printing to a file.
\versionadded{2.4}
\end{funcdesc}

\begin{funcdesc}{print_last}{\optional{limit\optional{, file}}}
This is a shorthand for \code{print_exception(sys.last_type,
sys.last_value, sys.last_traceback, \var{limit}, \var{file})}.
\end{funcdesc}

\begin{funcdesc}{print_stack}{\optional{f\optional{, limit\optional{, file}}}}
This function prints a stack trace from its invocation point.  The
optional \var{f} argument can be used to specify an alternate stack
frame to start.  The optional \var{limit} and \var{file} arguments have the
same meaning as for \function{print_exception()}.
\end{funcdesc}

\begin{funcdesc}{extract_tb}{traceback\optional{, limit}}
Return a list of up to \var{limit} ``pre-processed'' stack trace
entries extracted from the traceback object \var{traceback}.  It is
useful for alternate formatting of stack traces.  If \var{limit} is
omitted or \code{None}, all entries are extracted.  A
``pre-processed'' stack trace entry is a quadruple (\var{filename},
\var{line number}, \var{function name}, \var{text}) representing
the information that is usually printed for a stack trace.  The
\var{text} is a string with leading and trailing whitespace
stripped; if the source is not available it is \code{None}.
\end{funcdesc}

\begin{funcdesc}{extract_stack}{\optional{f\optional{, limit}}}
Extract the raw traceback from the current stack frame.  The return
value has the same format as for \function{extract_tb()}.  The
optional \var{f} and \var{limit} arguments have the same meaning as
for \function{print_stack()}.
\end{funcdesc}

\begin{funcdesc}{format_list}{list}
Given a list of tuples as returned by \function{extract_tb()} or
\function{extract_stack()}, return a list of strings ready for
printing.  Each string in the resulting list corresponds to the item
with the same index in the argument list.  Each string ends in a
newline; the strings may contain internal newlines as well, for those
items whose source text line is not \code{None}.
\end{funcdesc}

\begin{funcdesc}{format_exception_only}{type, value}
Format the exception part of a traceback.  The arguments are the
exception type and value such as given by \code{sys.last_type} and
\code{sys.last_value}.  The return value is a list of strings, each
ending in a newline.  Normally, the list contains a single string;
however, for \exception{SyntaxError} exceptions, it contains several
lines that (when printed) display detailed information about where the
syntax error occurred.  The message indicating which exception
occurred is the always last string in the list.
\end{funcdesc}

\begin{funcdesc}{format_exception}{type, value, tb\optional{, limit}}
Format a stack trace and the exception information.  The arguments
have the same meaning as the corresponding arguments to
\function{print_exception()}.  The return value is a list of strings,
each ending in a newline and some containing internal newlines.  When
these lines are concatenated and printed, exactly the same text is
printed as does \function{print_exception()}.
\end{funcdesc}

\begin{funcdesc}{format_tb}{tb\optional{, limit}}
A shorthand for \code{format_list(extract_tb(\var{tb}, \var{limit}))}.
\end{funcdesc}

\begin{funcdesc}{format_stack}{\optional{f\optional{, limit}}}
A shorthand for \code{format_list(extract_stack(\var{f}, \var{limit}))}.
\end{funcdesc}

\begin{funcdesc}{tb_lineno}{tb}
This function returns the current line number set in the traceback
object.  This function was necessary because in versions of Python
prior to 2.3 when the \programopt{-O} flag was passed to Python the
\code{\var{tb}.tb_lineno} was not updated correctly.  This function
has no use in versions past 2.3.
\end{funcdesc}

\subsection{Traceback Example \label{traceback-example}}

This simple example implements a basic read-eval-print loop, similar
to (but less useful than) the standard Python interactive interpreter
loop.  For a more complete implementation of the interpreter loop,
refer to the \refmodule{code} module.

\begin{verbatim}
import sys, traceback

def run_user_code(envdir):
    source = raw_input(">>> ")
    try:
        exec source in envdir
    except:
        print "Exception in user code:"
        print '-'*60
        traceback.print_exc(file=sys.stdout)
        print '-'*60

envdir = {}
while 1:
    run_user_code(envdir)
\end{verbatim}


Lasers are simply precisely focused, high energy rays of light which have many uses in modern medicine. Surgical lasers cut tissue and therefore can replace scalpels. Lasers have the added advantage of sealing blood vessels while cutting which means that bleeding during surgery and bruising after surgery are minimized. Patients have less swelling and discomfort and healing is generally rapid.


text:
Dave Curtin was the 4th head football coach at Brearley, a 1976 Brearley Regional graduate
By JR Parachini on August 15, 2016 Comments Off on Dave Curtin was the 4th head football coach at Brearley, a 1976 Brearley Regional graduate
PHOTO BY STEVEN ELLMORE – Dave Curtin was a successful football coach here at Columbia and he also coached at his high school alma mater – Brearley Regional.
Dave Curtin, who made his mark in Union and Essex counties as a football and track and field coach and also as an athletic director, passed away Aug. 10 after a battle with cancer and heart failure.
Curtin, who had just turned 58, grew up in Kenilworth and graduated from Kenilworth's Brearley Regional High School in 1976.
He played football at Brearley, was an assistant coach at Brearley and then became the head coach in 2000.
Here is what I wrote in 2000 about Curtin becoming Brearley's fourth head football coach and the program's second since Brearley reopened in the fall of 1997:
Who says you can't go home again!
And home again it is for Kenilworth's Dave Curtin.
A 1976 Brearley Regional graduate, Curtin has landed his dream high school coaching job. He is the fourth Brearley head coach, succeeding Mike Londino, who served for the first three seasons after Brearley reopened in 1997.
Nelson Gibble (1967-1973 for seven seasons) and Bob Taylor (1974-1992 for 19 seasons) were Brearley's first two head football coaches. Londino, a former Taylor assistant, was the head coach for three seasons from 1997-1999.
"Following the footsteps of Mike (Londino) and Bob (Taylor) goes without saying," Curtin, 42 at the time, said. "Bob has always been helpful and I learned a lot about line play from Mike and he's always been extremely helpful."
Curtin played at Brearley as a freshman under coach Londino in the fall of 1972, a time when Gibble was the head coach. Curtin, a Kean College graduate, also played on the junior varsity team as a sophomore in 1973, which was the last season Gibble was the varsity coach.
Taylor coached the Bears to an impressive 123-54-7 (.695) mark during his 19-season tenure (1974-1992), a journey that included fourth North Jersey, Section 2, Group 1 state championship games.
Curtin was an assistant at Brearley for nine seasons from 1984-1992, including N2, G1 state championship teams in 1985, 1986 and 1991 and a N2, G1 state finalist in 1988.
Curtin then landed his first head coaching position at Wardlaw-Hartridge and guided the private school located in North Edison for five seasons from 1994-1998.
Curtin's 22-32 record included Prep B state championships in 1996 (8-1) and 1997 (7-2). His only loss in 1996 was to North Warren and his only losses in 1997 were to Riverdale Country Day School and St. Joseph's, Hammonton.
After going 0-9 his first season there in 1994, the team improved to 4-4 in 1995. The 1998 squad finished 3-6.
Curtin then laded the Millburn job last season (in 1999), his first head coaching position at a public school. It was a rough year to say the least as the Millers finished 0-10.
"I read a book about Lou Holtz and he said that when he coached at Minnesota, he had a clause that allowed him to go after the Notre Dame job if it opened up," Curtin said. "He always wanted to coach at Notre Dame, just the way that I always wanted to be the coach at Brearley some day."
Millburn has not attained a great deal of success in football in recent years and is not the easiest of coaching positions. Former Union assistant Carmen Guarino, who last year was an assistant at Bridgewater, takes over the reigns this year, his first job as a head coach.
"The parents were very supportive at Millburn and it was difficult," Curtin said. "But when the Brearley job opened it was too good of an opportunity to pass up."
The Bears went 7-3 and made the playoffs in North 2, Group 1 in 1997 (losing at Butler 14-7 in the semifinals during the last year only four teams qualified in each section), 4-6 in 1998 and 5-5 in 1999 under Londino.
During Curtin's two non-playoff seasons at the helm of the Brearley Bears, Brearley went 4-6 in 2000 and 5-5 in 2001. His record was 1-1 in consolation games.
Richie Sporer, Brearley class of 2002, was Curtin's starting quarterback both seasons.
Scott Miller succeeded Curtin as Brearley's head coach in 2002. The 1987 Brearley Regional graduate has guided the Bears to a 101-46-1 (.687) record the past 14 seasons, including 10 winning seasons, one .500 (5-5) campaign, 11 playoff seasons and a playoff record of 9-10 that includes a 1-2 mark in state championship games (0-1 in CJ, G1 and 1-1 in N2, G1). Miller is also the first of five Union County head coaches that have led their teams to 12-0 state championship seasons.
In addition to growing up in Union County, Curtin also coached track and field and was the athletic director at Roselle Catholic High School in Roselle.
"I knew Dave Curtin when he coached and taught at Roselle Catholic back in the early-mid 1980s," said present RC Assistant Principal-Student Affairs Joe Skrec.
Skrec is a 1984 RC graduate who is also presently the girls' basketball coach there after also serving as the school's athletic director.
"I worked with Dave when I coached at RC and when I became athletic director," Skrec said.
As a reporter for The News Tribune in Woodbridge, Skrec also covered Curtin when he was the head football coach at Wardlaw-Hartridge.
"I succeeded Gabi Bunk as AD at Roselle Catholic," Skrec said. "Dave was AD for a time (before Bunk) and he was very helpful to me when I started working at Roselle Catholic.
"Whatever Dave did he did with tremendous passion. He was a passionate coach, passionate teacher, passionate administrator, passionate friend, passionate about his faith and incredibly passionate about his family."
Skrec knew Curtin for some time and seemed to always come away with a positive influence from the former coach and sports director.
"I knew Dave Curtin for 30 years and he maintained an enthusiasm for sports and for wanting to teach and coach, to make student-athletes better and reach goals that they probably didn't think they could attain," Skrec said. "I saw him inspire student-athletes on and off the track at Roselle Catholic and then watched and covered him motivating high school football players and teams to successful seasons.
"Looking through Roselle Catholic yearbooks it's nearly impossible to find a photo of Dave without him smiling – and the people around him – students, teachers, coaches, anybody – smiling, too. Dave Curtin made you smile and made you laugh."
Curtin was also a passionate New York Mets and New York Jets fan.
"I can fondly recall, like it was yesterday, listening to Dave in his locker room office talking and ranting about the New York Jets like the fanatic he was. He bled green. The Jets were his team, going back to when he went to games at Shea Stadium.
"Dave always had a couple of books with him or on his desk in the office at Roselle Catholic. Books were usually about football or about successful football coaches, men like Lou Holtz and Bobby Bowden, who were successful coaches and tremendous motivators also known for being good family men with a strong faith."
Here's a quote from Bob Taylor: "'Red' got it. He understood what really mattered. The teams he coached at Brearley became our most outstanding, at Brearley and ALJ (Johnson Regional)."
Curtin was also the head football coach at Columbia as well as the athletic director at the Maplewood and South Orange Group 4 school at the time.
Curtin came to Columbia in 2003 as the athletic director, succeeding longtime athletic director Bob Curcio, who retired.
While he remained the athletic director, Curtin took over as the head coach of the varsity football team in 2007.
The Cougars went winless in his first year. In second season in 2008, the Cougars defeated winless Dickinson of Jersey City 48-0 in the season-finale to snap a 45-game losing streak dating back to the 2004 campaign.
The next two seasons simply were glorious for the Cougars as they won back-to-back Super Essex Conference-Liberty Division titles and qualified for the playoffs in North 2, Group 4 both seasons. The previous time the Cougars made the playoffs was in 1982.
The Cougars finished 8-2 in 2009, losing to Westfield in the first round.
The following season, the Cougars went undefeated in the regular season and finished 9-1, with the lone loss coming against Bridgewater-Raritan in the first round of the playoffs.
Curtin missed the 2011 season due to health reasons. He returned to the sidelines in 2012, but stepped down as athletic director. Larry Bushichio stepped down as the Columbia baseball head coach to take over as athletic director and has been in that role since.
Following the 2013 season, Curtin stepped down as football coach, but remained as a physical education teacher at Columbia.
Prior to coming to Columbia, Curtin was the head football coach at Wardlaw-Hartridge, Brearley, Millburn and Marlboro for a combined nine seasons. He was an assistant football coach at Brearley for nine seasons and Johnson in Clark for one season. Curtin also coached track and field at Roselle Catholic, Brearley and Governor Livingston in Berkeley Heights for a combined 22 seasons.
Curtin was the athletic director at Roselle Catholic from 1993-1995.
Curtin is survived by his wife, Nadine; daughter, Noelle; sons, Joshua and Matthew; two granchildren, Jasper and Isla; and mother, Catherine. He was predeceased by his father David J. and brother, Michael.
Jerry Auriemma, the former CHS Athletic Hall of Fame President who was close friends with Curtin, recalled Curtin's unwavering devotion to athletics in the South Orange and Maplewood community.
"He is the only athletic director that I saw who helped the kids before they got to Columbia High School," Auriemma said. "I ran the Maplewood-South Orange recreation wrestling club. He gave us all of Columbia High School one Sunday for the Essex County Tournament, which was 27 teams, and he gave me the whole school. He would come to the football games for the kids. He would come to baseball games. He would let the kids play on the field. In fact, my son's 8th-grade team was the first team to play on the new field (at Underhill Field) before the varsity football games.
"He was that type of guy. He cared about the kids, he really did. When they got to Columbia, they knew who he was. That was the secret to his magic. By the time he came to Columbia, they knew him, so that they can stop by his office. It made a difference because in 10 years he was the athletic director. I think they had more championships, all time, than ever before in every sport. That was his magic. He was one of a kind."
In a September 2003 article in the Maplewood and South Orange News-Record about his hiring as athletic director, Curtin expressed his commitment to helping students achieve a positive experience.
"Everything I do, I want to make sure it's in the best interests of the kids," Curtin said in the article. "I want the kids to walk out of here to say that they had a positive experience in athletics as well as academically."
Viewing was held Sunday, Aug. 14 at Higgins and Bonner Echo Lake Funeral Home, located at 582 Springfield Ave. in Westfield.
A Celebration of his Life was held Monday, Aug. 15 at Kenilworth Gospel Chapel, located at 557 Newark Ave. in Kenilworth.
Essex County sports editor Joe Ragozzino contributed to this story.
Dave Curtin was the 4th head football coach at Brearley, a 1976 Brearley Regional graduate added by JR Parachini on August 15, 2016
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text:
El Capità Henry Joseph Round (2 de juny de 1881, Kingswinford, Staffordshire, Anglaterra – 17 d'agost de 1966, Bognor Regis, Regne Unit) va ser un dels primers pioners de la ràdio, de la que va obtenir 117 patents, sent assistent personal de Guglielmo Marconi, durant un temps

Biografia
Henry Joseph Round, fill gran de Josesph i Gertrude Round, va néixer el 2 de juny de 1881. Va passar la seva infància a la petita ciutat de Kingswinford situada en Staffordshire, Anglaterra.

Henry Round Va rebre la major part de la seva educació en la Cheltenham Grammar School, més tard es va graduar en el Royal College of Science on va obtenir el "first class honors degree".

Round va aconseguir una plaça en la Companyia Marconi en 1902, amb prou feines realitzada la primera transmissió transatlàntica sense fils. Va ser enviat als Estats Units on va experimentar sobre diversos aspectes de la tecnologia de la ràdio, focalitzant la seva recerca sobre bobines amb nucli de pols de ferro. També va dur a terme experiments sobre vies de transmissió sobre mar i terra, a diferents hores del dia, així mateix va investigar sobre radiolocalització, per aquesta finalitat va utilitzar una antena de Quadre.

Durant la primera guerra mundial va ser destinat a Intel·ligència Militar amb el rang de capità.
Va aplicar amb eficiència el detector de direcció dels senyals de radiofreqüència, patentat per Ettore Bellini i Alessandro Tosi (UK Pat. 21.299/1907; US Pats. 943.960 i 945.445; UK Pat. 4.801/1909) i va aconseguir fer-ne una arma estratègica.

Al maig de 1916 les estacions de ràdio britàniques detectar la marina Alemanya fondejada en Wilhelmshaven, per triangulació. El 30 de maig van detectar un canvi de direcció d'1,5 graus en els senyals rebuts. Quan l'Almirallat Britànic va tenir notícia d'aquest fet, va ordenar que l'Armada anés al lloc on es trobava la flota alemanya, l'endemà va tenir lloc la batalla de Jutlàndia.

Pels seus serveis prestats durant la guerra, Round va ser condecorat amb la Creu Militar. Després de la guerra va tornar a la vida civil i es va dedicar als transmissors de ràdio i més tard va dedicar els seus esforços al primer transmissor de ràdio britànic.

Pel seu acompliment satisfactori, va ser nomenat cap d'enginyers en la companyia Marconi, i anys més tard va decidir crear la seva pròpia companyia.

Amb el començament de la segona guerra mundial en 1939, el govern britànic va reclamar de nou els seus serveis. Aquesta vegada va formar part de l'ASDIC (Anti -Submarine Detection Investigation Comittee) conegut actualment com SONAR.

Les proves de Round, en aplicar tensió sobre semiconductors, tenien per missió millorar l'amplificació dels senyals de radiofreqüència, en aquells anys els receptors de ràdio (ràdio de galena) funcionaven sense bateries; cal fer notar que en l'època de Round no es disposava d'amplificadors de radiofreqüència i tot i que Edison havia descobert el fenomen que porta el seu nom, encara haurien de passar alguns anys fins que es descobrís el díode pròpiament dit i les seves aplicacions a la ràdio (la galena com a detector, feia de díode).

Díode emissor de llum

En altres experiments amb detectors de puntes de contacte (cat's whisker detectors), detector descobert per Greenleaf Whittier Pickard; usant diversos tipus de substàncies, Round va fer passar un corrent elèctric i va veure, per primera vegada, que certs semiconductors, tals com el carbur de silici, emetien llum. Aquesta és la primera vegada que es fa esment sobre l'electroluminescència, que és el principi bàsic dels LED (Light Emiting Diode) o Díodes Emissors de Luz. Round sorprès pel fenomen envià una breu nota descriptiva a la revista Electrical World, que es publicà el 9 de febrer de 1907.
La nota diu així:

Vegeu també
 Pantalla electroluminescent
 Electroluminescència
 Exemples de pantalla
 TDEL
 Tub LED
 Llum LED

Referències

 Poole, Ian. HJ Round – the unknown genius. Electronics World, maig 2003, p. 21

Enllaços externs
 Marconi Calling
 The Life of Captain H J Round
 . Història de la ràdio - 1925.

Persones de Staffordshire
Díodes emissors de llum
Enginyers anglesos
Morts a Anglaterra
Guardonats amb la Creu Militar
Militars britànics de la Primera Guerra Mundial

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


HRI's Safe Remote Control System gives robot and equipment operators the ability to control their machines easily, safely, and with greater comfort. The remote operation provides extra safety, precision, and efficiency for many jobs that are dull, dirty, dangerous, or difficult to do without good visibility. The system interfaces with a wide range of equipment, from autonomous robots to mobile vehicles to fixed industrial equipment. Multipoint configuration opens up a world of possibilities for safety systems to fit any scenario–from mobile heavy equipment to autonomous systems and fixed industrial machinery. Multipoint Wireless E-Stop delivers comprehensive accident prevention and wireless mobility for the next level of personal protection.
Pair multiple E-Stops to a single receiver, or control multiple devices with a single E-Stop transmitter. Flexible configuration options can be customized for any machine system, from AGVs and other autonomous systems to fixed industrial machinery and mobile heavy equipment.
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Enclosure: 1.1 lbs. transmitter weight, textured rubber grips, intuitive shape.
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Safety: Sensor-based safety features to eliminate unintentional and unsafe operation, built-in emergency stop, hardware-based system monitor uses medical device design to ensure no single point of failure.
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Interfaces: Flexible options include RS-232 Serial, CAN, USB, and Analog/Digital I/O.
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Interview with event organizers Jeremy Castro-Cook & Sam Scott of Art From All Angles, a one-night engaging multidisciplinary art festival at the Mission Theater that will showcase a broad range of expression from our local community. Art from All Angles takes place Saturday, March 16, 2019 from 6- 10PM.
A conversation with artist Paula Wilson following the opening of her solo show "FLOORED" at Williamson | Knight.
A conversation with artist Justin L'Amie after the opening of his fourth solo show "Midnight Florist" at PDX Contemporary Art.
Interview with artist Kellen Chasuk following her solo show "Plastic Flowers" at Stephanie Chefas Projects.


text:
ARMs offer savings, but know all the risks
By By Eve Mitchell and McClatchy/Tribune News
Loc Chau was looking for a super-low interest rate to finance his San Jose, Calif., condominium, a place he envisions living in for a few years. Super low to him means below 4 percent.
So he opted for an adjustable-rate mortgage insured by the Federal Housing Administration as an alternative to a 30-year fixed-rate mortgage.
In November, 30-year fixed-rate mortgages hit a 40-year record low, averaging 4.17 percent. But now, they are back in the 5 percent range.
"I don't plan to stay here forever. History tells me I've averaged five years in each place I've purchased, and I don't see any benefit to lock in a rate that is higher. I didn't want to go with 30 years," Chau said.
Adjustable-rate loans can provide lower payments than a fixed-rate loan for the first several years, but those savings can go away after the reset period kicks in. Payments also can rise sharply, leaving borrowers in a tough spot.
Typically, borrowers who get adjustable-rate loans try to either sell the home or refinance before the reset kicks in. The lower reset caps of an FHA adjustable-rate loan provides borrowers with a more breathing room than conventional adjustable loans, which have higher reset caps.
Chau obtained a $343,000 FHA adjustable-rate loan with an interest rate of 3.77 percent through Mason-McDuffie Mortgage. He moved into his three-bedroom condo in January.
Chau said the lower reset caps of the FHA adjustable-rate loan will help avoid having a big reset rate if he is still in the home after five years.
"To me, that's a no-brainer. It's not that much, I can live with it if I need to stay here another year or two," said Chau, a 41-year-old fiscal and operations manager for the city of San Francisco. "It's pretty decent."
As with any real estate product, there are trade-offs when comparing loans.
Many conventional loans require a minimum 20 percent down payment, while FHA loans can be financed with a minimum down payment of 3.5 percent. FHA loans have a lower down-payment requirement, but they also can take longer to process.
The higher mortgage insurance cost associated with an FHA loan can raise borrowing costs, said Steve Donahue, vice president of mortgage origination at San Jose, Calif.-based Technology Credit Union. That factor that has to be weighed when considering their lower reset caps.
"It's important (prospective buyers) talk to a qualified loan officer who can explain the difference between an FHA and conventional loan so they can really understand all the costs involved," he said. "There are so many factors (besides interest rates) involved."
Mortgage insurance, which is paid for by the borrower and protects the lender against default, is required when there is less than a 20 percent down payment. While mortgage insurance is tax deductible, depending on a borrower's income, that tax break will go away after 2011.
A borrower who made a 10 percent down payment on a $277,500 home and financed a $250,000 loan with a 3.7 percent interest rate would have monthly mortgage insurance premiums of $98 on a conventional loan, compared with $177 on an FHA loan. There is also an upfront FHA mortgage insurance premium equal to 1 percent of the home's purchase price, a cost that can be financed into the loan.
Starting April 18, FHA loans will see higher premiums for monthly mortgage insurance. Contact a mortgage professional for details.
FHA adjustable-rate loans can be the right loan for borrowers looking for low rates and a low down payment, and who may stay in the home for longer than five years, said Kevin Conlon, senior vice president of operations at Mason-McDuffie. "It allows them to get into a home and qualify at today's prices for those homes," he said. "In the sixth year, a (conventional adjustable-rate loan) can go the lifetime limit. That can be a big payment."
Rising interest rates have resulted in more people considering adjustable-rate loans, said Tara Nicholle-Nelson, consumer educator for Trulia.com, a real estate website.
"There's something about that 4 percent interest rate. It seems like the Holy Grail of interest rates," she said.
Still, she said, many borrowers are still shying away from adjustable-rate loans, which are viewed as one of the factors that created the housing crisis. Adjustable-rate loans are tied to financial indexes, which means when they reset, the new interest rate can be lower or higher.
"A lot of what was wrong with adjustable-rate loans, at the top of the market, was not the adjustable part of it. It was the interest-only or option ARM part of it," she said, referring to loan features that allow borrowers to pay little or no principal. "Their payment is going way up because they were never making a full payment."