Best for: I'm ready to start working with global brands and get tons of collaboration offers on Instagram.
Leverage our private pod network and boost your Instagram brand. Groups includes lifestyle, travel, fashion, and general market from around the world. Our private pod groups will boost your account by at least 25,000 real followers within 30 days of submission.


text:
SAD SACK EP IS NOW AVAILABLE FOR PURCHASE! (reposted from Facebook)
Yesterday was the day -- sorry that I didn't provide this crucial update, but I spent a wonderful weekend trapped in California when my visit to my godson turned into Groundhog Day thanks to airport closures in and around New Jersey due to the storm that never actually amounted to much and the subsequent flight cancellations.
Anyway, I will make an attempt to give you a little bit of information about each track on a daily basis while simultaneously (hopefully) convincing you to buy copies. So, of course, as per necessity, let me start by giving you the purchase links. If you don't trust anything but the largest purveyor of digital downloads, then you can go to iTunes and get your copy at:
THIS iTunes LINK!
Of course, I will get a larger percentage of the purchase price (and you will pay two dollars less) if you go to CDBaby instead, so, really, that's a far better deal for you digital downloaders, right? Here's that link:
THIS CDBaby LINK!
But the BEST way is to go semi-old-school and get a physical copy... If you contact me in a private message HERE on Facebook at my music page, I can send you a PayPal bill for $6, which will cover not only the cost of the physical CD, but also the shipping & handling. I will make out SLIGHTLY less as well financially as I would through a CDBaby download, but you'll have something tangible to hold onto and pass onto your grandkids someday so you can show them about how music used to mean something two generations from now when the pop charts are ruled entirely by cloned copies of Lady Gaga and Beyonce (or, worse yet, some bizarre lab-generated hybrid, Lady BeGonce). Plus you'll help me clear away some of the boxes of CDs that make getting around my bedroom a bitch.
So, now, on to the fun part of this blog... Let's talk about a song from this EP!
Naturally, I'm going to start you off with the title track.
There are three versions of "Sad Sack" on the album.
The first two were culled from the same recording session, when the band and I all sat down in the studio together and recorded the rock version live.
We played through five or six times before we really hit on a take that felt gorgeous and as perfect as it could be while still being spontaneous and raw.
All of the foundation tracks -- drums, bass, rhythm guitars, piano, and lead vocal were pulled from one live take. The guitar solos were recorded afterwards, with Tom Briant (of Josh Zuckerman Band and now Taylor Tote Band) and Tyler Carbin (of Ivy League) trading eights, and layered onto these foundations, as were the backing vocals. This version of the song ran close to seven minutes and change.
Studio engineer and co-producer Steve Jankowski then edited it down to just under six minutes. We left the lovely, loose piano intro and included the best takes from the guitar solos. That version is track two on the album, the rock playout version. From this, Steve then cut the track down to just under four minutes for a radio single edit. That version starts with a big, fat bass note courtesy of kick-ass bassist Jacque Jobes, who has worked with such artists as The Roots, Erika Badu, Destiny's Child, and Miley Cyrus. Jacque is crazy, but he's also the best there is. All of this is underscored by Paul Galiszewski's drumming -- Paul can do anything on drums, but that doesn't mean he does everything: Like all the best drummers, Paul knows when the drum is there to do the storytelling, and when it's there to be the glue that holds the story together. He can solo better than any drummer I've known, but he never does anything unnecessary for the sole purpose of calling undue attention to himself. So if you're wondering why he doesn't go ape-shit on this track, it's because he's saving the gorilla for where it's needed.
The third version of "Sad Sack" expands on the original MANWHORE arrangement but veers off in several ways from that original conception.
While the album version is more of a sultry samba, this one picks up the tempo from around 97 or 98 bpm to 106 bpm, to which Paul adds some incredible drumming that vacillates between a Gene Krupa style big band beat (most noticeably in the intro and the spaces between the choruses and verses) and a disco beat. If you listen to Paul's playing on the choruses, to that insane tapping on the high hats that ratchets up the excitement, you can fucking hear him smiling. I am not kidding. Layered over that drum beat is Jacque's fantastic bass. Jacque's job was to keep the disco beat from turning the track into a disco song, so he played a swing walk up and down that bass of his. Steve Jankowski then brought clarinetist Doug DeHays into the studio to record a clarinet part that I'd written, and Adam Silverstein added a vibraphone part I'd written. We then recorded a "good" vocal after working with a pilot track the whole way through, on top of which we added four harmony lines reminiscent of (and inspired by) acts such as the Andrew Sisters from the 1940s. There's no guitars on this one. I wanted it to sound like something from a 1940s nightclub. Picture men in tailored suits and fedoras and ladies in evening gowns with their hair pulled back dancing around while the orchestra plays. Yeah, it's that classy!
Without further ado, here are the lyrics to the song (note that the rock version has the "clean" lyrics, whereas the swing band has the slightly racier lyrics indicated by the *asterisks):
While all the day-laborers slept last night,
The old guard came in to bust up the strike.
Management said round up all the malcontents;
Rout out the agitators and the like.
And they called in scabs to finish putting mortar on the bricks
And left us standing with no pot, emasculated and limp-wristed*.
[*Alternate lyric: And left us standing with no pot to piss in, holding our limp dicks.]
My name's back on the unemployment role.
My free hand's out-extended waiting for the public dole.
So darling, do a little to make me feel better.
Maybe something you can pour to make my dry throat wetter.
A little liquid consolation to blur the ragged edges of my lonely desperation.
Don't call me a sad sack. It's just a minor setback.
Don't call me a sad sack. I just got a little off track.
I know you hate it when you see me this way,
So I'll walk it off around the block
Or maybe sit it out and have a good round at the bar.
If you're concerned I'll leave me good cap here,
So you know I won't go too very far.
If what I'm saying isn't honest, may lightning strike my pants on fire.
I can stretch the truth like a depression dollar, but I'm not a liar.
This time just please don't lock the door.
I'll only pass out on the pavement instead of the kitchen floor, so darling...
I feel a bit too hollow.
So fill my glass again. Oh, hell... Give me a fifth that I can swallow
To soft-focus these harsh expressions,
A tonic to ensure the whole world cures in this same recession that I'm fading into.
Don't call me a sad sack. And don't you tell me not to dare to come back, because...
I'll be back and I'll be fine,
Another day, another dime, another vodka twist of lime
While I'm spinning my wheels and marking time.
Don't call me a sad sack. We can smooth over these pavement cracks.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Eplerenone is an aldosterone blocker. It works by blocking the hormone aldosterone, which lowers the amount of sodium and water the body retains. This helps to lower blood pressure to help prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. It is also used to improve survival in patients who have certain heart problems left ventricular systolic dysfunction and congestive heart failure following a heart attack.
Take eplerenone by mouth with or without food. The dose of this medicine will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of this medicine. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. For congestive heart failure after a heart attack: Adults—At first, 25 milligrams mg once a day, then your dose may be increased to 50 mg once a day. For high blood pressure: Adults, teenagers, and children above 4 years of age—At first, 50 milligrams mg once a day. Your doctor may increase your dose to 50 mg two times a day.
Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to this medicine or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully. Do not use eplerenone if you have severe kidney problems or high blood potassium levels, you are taking eplerenone to treat high blood pressure, and you have type 2 diabetes with protein in your urine, you are taking clarithromycin, itraconazole, ketoconazole, nefazodone, nelfinavir, ritonavir, or troleandomycin, you are taking eplerenone to treat high blood pressure, and you are taking potassium supplements or potassium-sparing diuretics eg, amiloride, spironolactone, triamterene .
The medications that may interact with Inspra are Lithium because the risk of its side effects may be increased by eplerenone; Azole antifungals eg, fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole , macrolide antibiotics eg, clarithromycin, erythromycin, troleandomycin , nefazodone, protease inhibitors eg, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir , or verapamil because they may increase the risk of eplerenone's side effects; Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs NSAIDs eg, ibuprofen, naproxen because they may decrease eplerenone's effectiveness and increase the risk of high blood potassium levels and Angiotensin-converting enzyme ACE inhibitors eg, enalapril , angiotensin-receptor blockers eg, valsartan , potassium supplements, or potassium-sparing diuretics eg, amiloride, spironolactone, triamterene because the risk of high blood potassium levels may be increased.
Overdosing can result in several symptoms like slow heart beat, dizziness, weak pulse rate, feeling like losing consciousness, weakness in muscles etc. You may also suffer from severe side effects such as allergic reactions rashes, itching, swelling in mouth/lips/tongue/throat, difficulty in breathing etc , pain in the chest, unusual vaginal bleeding, sore or enlarged breasts if you are male , palpitation, persistent diarrhoea, vomiting or swelling in the feet or ankles. Contact your physician immediately if you have accidentally overdosed and are experiencing any of the above symptoms.


text:
A TIGER WITH NO STRIPES
A little tiger decides to take a long journey in search of his stripes.
Category	 Official Competition
Section	 Elements +3
Tipology	 Animation, Short Film
ADAM'S SKIRT
A young father gives into the whims of his son by allowing him to wear a skirt to school. After getting complaints, he and his ex-wife must deal with the preschoolers' hostile...
Section	 Parental Experience
Tipology	 Short Film
AN ETERNITY'S GATE
During a self-imposed exile in Arles and Auvers-Sur-Oise, France, Dutch painter Vincent van Gogh develops his unique, colorful style of painting. While grappling with religion,...
Section	 "Beautiful Minds" Review
Tipology	 Feature Film
BIG WOLF & LITTLE WOLF
Big Wolf lives quite contentedly alone under his tree. One day he sees a Little Wolf approaching him who seems determined to keep him company. But Big Wolf has no need for his...
Zain, a Lebanese boy, sues his parents for the "crime" of giving him life. The film follows Zain as he journeys from gutsy, streetwise child to hardened 12-year-old...
Section	 Giffoni50 Review
Good Kenyan girls become good Kenyan wives, but Kena and Ziki long for something more. Despite the political rivalry between their families, the girls resist and remain close...
Section	 Generator +16
In the kingdom of Mighty Hair, men, women and children are all really hairy. The birth of the King's heir will cause a lot of turmoil, for he is totally hairless!
Nina, a 16-year-old girl, dreams of adventure. Meanwhile, she spends the summer between her village in the south of France and the theme park where she works. Just before meeting...
PER TUTTA LA VITA
Through a journey back in memory, a woman and a man retrace the more important moments of their love story.
Official Competition
"Beautiful Minds" Review
Elements +3
Elements +10
Generator +16
Giffoni50 Review
Parental Experience
Tipology


John Wu, CEO of Digital Assets at SharesPost, and Brian Kelly, founder & CEO of BKCM at Cornell Tech's NYC campus.
The researchers even built their own bot to better understand how such trading practices were possible — and, to their surprise, even received buyout offers, Juels said. They declined.
"This should incentivize the community to consider new exchange designs," Juels said.


This application allows you to establish an account with Global Prime Pty Ltd ("Global Prime").
To begin, please select your application type and click the "Next" button.
The information on this website is not intended to be an inducement, offer or solicitation to anyone outside of Australia. Global Prime Pty Ltd, ABN 74 146 086 017, (Global Prime) holds an Australian Financial Services Licence (AFSL) to carry on financial services business in Australia, limited to the financial services covered by its AFSL no.385620. Global Prime and its related entities do not accept clients from the following countries, Click Here for list of countries.


Steve Gleason is a former NFL safety with the New Orleans Saints who has been diagnosed with ALS. His battle with the illness has inspired countless individuals as he's made his fight very public in hopes of raising awareness and research dollars for ALS. His foundation Team Gleason is dedicated to finding a cure for ALS. This morning Gleason wrote SI's Monday Morning Quarterback column in place of Peter King, doing so with his eyes. Gleason can't eat, walk, or speak on his own.
Also this morning, Mayhem In The AM on 790 The Zone in Atlanta did a bit mocking Gleason and his illness. Outrage has emerged from all over the country, even from Gleason's former teammate Scott Fujita. The hosts of the program are Steven "Steak" Shapiro, Chris Dimino, and Nick Cellini. Cellini has already apologized on Twitter for what happened.
"We deeply regret the comments made by Mahem In The AM this morning on 790 The Zone regarding former New Orleans Saints player Steve Gleason. 790 The Zone, Lincoln Financial Media, our sponsors and partners in no way endorse or support the unfortunate and offensive commentary concerning Mr. Gleason this morning. The members of the show involved with this incident have been suspended indefinitely pending further management review of their actions."
Just another example of sports talk radio obliterating the lines of common decency and class. Seriously, what is it with sports talk radio that it produces these stories more often than other mediums? More on the story as it develops.
Host Nick Cellini called in as Gleason and proceeded to talk back and forth then attempts several knock-knock jokes with the last asking to smother him.
Steak immediately asked the text line for 20 listeners if that was a good bit and if they need to have any more bits involving Gleason.
Nick has done bits before dealing with disabilities (one was even included in Mayhem promos).
With the station now owned by Lincoln Financial, this is going to be bad for the trio.


Download Nero Essentials Burn CDs and DVDs with Nero technology for free. If we had to tell the first word that comes to mind when thinking about. download nero essentials, nero essentials, nero essentials download free. If we had to tell the first word that comes to mind when thinking about CD/DVD burners, I think we'd say 'nero'. nero 7 gratis express essentials.
24 Nov Nero Essentials 12 allows you to burn CD's and DVD's easily and quickly. and i hope it (nero express essentials) is more better than before. 23 Mar This is a multimedia suite that specializes in copying and writing of audio and videos files to a CD, DVD or removable disks. It is a toolkit with a. Get your Nero free download here! In the Nero Download Centre, you'll find all the Nero products available for free download. Test Nero software now with a free.
Nero, the Nero logo, Nero Digital, Nero Essentials, Nero Express, Nero . Nero Express provides all the performance and efficiency of Nero Burning ROM with a . The contents of the software supplied, as well as of the Nero Express manual, may Nero Express and Nero Express Essentials offer the full range of functions . Try using Revo Uninstaller. Even if it can't uninstall the application normally, it will force it to uninstall by wiping out all traces of its presence from the system. Go to StartNero Express Essentials. The Nero Express Essentials window will open . Available from these sellers. Nero Scout; Nero Start Smart 8 (Essentials); Nero Express 8 (Essentials); InCD 5 (Essentials); Nero PhotShow Express 5.
2 Nov Nero Express offers a simplified interface of the Nero Burning ROM. The program is simple, you just have to select the type of DVD/CD you wish. 31 Mar Nero 7 Essentials is an older version of the popular Nero video-burning video which is now in its 9th edition. Nero 7 Essentials is fairly easy to. Nero seems to have millions of options but I'm so frustrated as I simply want to copy a DVD on to a blank DVD. Anyone advise me where to start. I have Nero Essentials OEM v7 and need to burn 2 ISO images to CD or DVD. Which option do I use or will this version of nero not do it. I prefer.
Nero Burning ROM, commonly called Nero, is an optical disc authoring program from Nero AG. Nero Express OEM version It is also a part of Nero Essentials – a slimmed-down version of Nero Multimedia Suite – that comes. 5 Nov This will launch Nero kreativekaring.com Figure 2; Click Add and browse your hard drive and select the files you would like included on the CD. Archived from groups: kreativekaring.come,kreativekaring.com 8 Nov Here is chance to download Free Nero 9 with License Key/ Serial Key. This is stripped down version of Nero provides basic.


text:
Subscribe To How A Box Office Bomb Killed The Black Widow Movie Updates
How A Box Office Bomb Killed The Black Widow Movie
Eric Eisenberg
Thanks to fun roles in Joss Whedon's The Avengers and Joe and Anthony Russo's Captain America: The Winter Soldier (and to a lesser extent Jon Favreau's Iron Man 2), Black Widow has been firmly and successfully centered as the female lead of the larger Marvel Cinematic Universe. But what you may not know is that there was actually a Black Widow movie in development long before Scarlett Johansson tried on her first pair of stingers... and it was killed by one of the uglier box office bombs of the last decade.
Comic Book Resources has a full breakdown Black Widow's long flirtation with live action - which actually dates back to an attempted Daredevil/Black Widow television show back in the 1970s - but the more interesting details are about the Black Widow movie that nearly got made back in 2004. At the time, actor/screenwriter David Hayter was coming off the comic book movie success of both 2000's X-Men and 2003's X2 (both of which he had a hand in writing), and Lionsgate offered him an opportunity to write a Black Widow script and make it as his directorial debut (this was a time before the movie rights to the character went back to Marvel). What he created was a fairly faithful adaptation of the super spy's origin story from the comics, but unfortunately the project wound up being doomed by a whole bunch of other similar features that were coming out around the same time.
Some of you may remember the time in the early '00s when there was a boom of female-led action films, partially generated by the growth of the video game movie market. The original Resident Evil, starring Milla Jovovich, and Lara Croft: Tomb Raider, with Angelina Jolie, both did well at the box office - as did the epic Quentin Tarantino two-parter Kill Bill. Sadly, you may also remember that this trend didn't wind up lasting too long thanks to the release of some serious stinkers. There were a few titles like this, such as Ultraviolet and BloodRayne, but in the story of the Black Widow movie that almost was, there is one standout title:
Karyn Kusama's Aeon Flux, based on the animated series of the same name, came out in 2005 and was a complete disaster. Completely trashed by critics and a total dud at the box office, the film was really a disaster on all fronts and ended up being the final nail in the coffin for Black Widow. Said Hayter in a 2011 interview,
"Aeon Flux didn't open well, and three days after it opened, the studio said, 'We don't think it's time to do this movie.' I accepted their logic in terms of the saturation of the marketplace, but it was pretty painful."
It's impressive that less than a decade has passed since all of this went down, and yet the entire blockbuster environment is completely different. Now fans are actively asking for a Black Widow film, and while it doesn't seem to be in the cards just yet, Marvel certainly has no plans on putting the character back on the shelf any time soon. She will next be seen on the big screen in The Avengers: Age of Ultron, which will be in theaters May 1, 2015.
What We Want To See From Marvel Studios At Comic-Con
Sorry, David Harbour Isn't Playing Fantastic Four's The Thing In Black Widow
David Harbour Compares The MCU To Stranger Things


A state-level footballer and a district-level cricketer, both belonging to Economically Weaker Section (EWS), made their parents proud as the CBSE results were declared on Tuesday.
A state-level footballer and a district-level cricketer, both belonging to Economically Weaker Section (EWS), made their parents proud as the CBSE results were declared on Tuesday. Son of a domestic cook, Hira Bahadur Balami, who dreams to be a professional football player, has scored 72.8 per cent. Hira, who cleared his Class 10 from St Johns High School, Chandigarh, has chosen commerce stream in Class 11.
On the other hand, Aman Chandra, a student of Delhi Public School, Chandigarh, has scored 93.2 per cent. Son of a Haryana government employee, Aman has played Under-14 and Under-17 cricket at the district level. Aman said he was happy with his result, but he thinks could have done better. "I studied for up to 10 hours a day for 3 months before the final exams," he said.
Khushdeep Singh was confident that his disability will not stop him from "achieving success". Hailing from a small village near Mansa, Punjab, Khushdeep has topped the Institute of the Blind, Chandigarh, in Class X CBSE exams with 85.2 per cent.
Khushdeep, who was confident of his dedication towards studies, however, said he could never imagine that his results would be so good. "Now, I am hopeful about achieving my dream of becoming a computer engineer," said Khushdeep.
Khushdeep has taken up non-medical stream in Class 11. Harleen Kaur with 85 per cent is second in the Institute of the Blind. Garima Narula came third with 84.6 per cent.


text:
New & Noteworthy, October 16th – Black Fire Upon Us
Posted by Chris Colgan on October 16, 2012
A cartoon leading the new releases? There is only one genre where such a thing is possible, and that is metal. And while there are music critics that would scoff at such a thing, I think it is awesome that metal is able to provide such cross-media appeal. Besides, this is a cartoon band that has managed to break into the Top 20 of the Billboard charts, so any critics that think cartoon metal is a joke should learn the facts before making such determinations!
Having said that, let's dive right into the list with the most famous band that will exist in the future post-apocalyptic world!
Dethklok, Dethalbum III (William Street)
I will say this about Dethklok's past two albums – no matter how many times you listen to them, there is always at least one moment that occurs when you forget that you are listening to a band from an Adult Swim TV show, and rock out just as much as you would to a record by Slayer. Brendon Small should contribute compositions to real metal bands as a side gig, because the music he writes is fantastic. He is lucky enough to be joined by Gene Hoglan, one of the best drummers in the world, so that probably is a major contributing factor too. On Dethalbum III, the band's real-life bassist, Bryan Beller, also plays on the album, which is a fine addition to his already-impressive musical résumé. Finally, it needs to be stated that season 4 of Metalocalypse is due out on DVD on October 30th, so keep up the excitement for two weeks so we can prematurely bring about Dethklok's world domination!
My Dying Bride, A Map of All Our Failures (Peaceville)
Doom metal is a genre that never gets old to its fans, and My Dying Bride is the best example of that. Two decades into their career, the British group is still going strong and taking risks, such as the 20-minute single track EP The Barghest O' Whitby that was released in 2011. The band's touring schedule hasn't lost any of its vitality either, as the group is one of the top-billed acts for this year's Damnation Festival in Leeds. A Map of All Our Failures is the eleventh full-length album for My Dying Bride, and follows the same path as its predecessors in containing few frills and overall exceptional doom quality. This is the first full-length to feature keyboardist and violinist Shaun MacGowan, who joined the band after the release of 2009's For Lies I Sire.
Also being released this week:
In Fear & Faith, In Fear & Faith (Rise)
Yakuza, Beyul (Profound Lore)
The HAARP Machine, Disclosure (Sumerian)
Illdisposed, Sense the Darkness (Massacre)
Buried in Verona, Notorious (Artery/Razor & Tie)
No Bragging Rights, Cycles (Good Fight/eOne)
SoulSpell, Hollow's Gathering (Inner Wound)
Next Week: With some of the most highly touted records of the year due out in seven days, this is one list you won't want to skip over! Come on back for the best we've seen in awhile!
Tags: Buried In Verona, Dethklok, Illdisposed, In Fear and Faith, My Dying Bride, No Bragging Rights, Soulspell, The HAARP Machine, Yakuza
Categorised in: New Music
Metal By Numbers 10/29: Metalocalypse Unleashed Upon The Charts
Dethklok's New Album Officially Coming In October
← Lamb Of God's Randy Blythe To Host Monthly Radio Show
Win Another Pair Of Tickets To Our CMJ Showcase Featuring Prong! →


When Reeve Aleutian Airways ended its scheduled flights between Anchorage and the Russian Far East late last year, Alaskans lost a regular, convenient link to the region.
In the past three years, other airlines have dropped the route, which Alaska business people frequent to build their ventures in areas like Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, where oil development is under way.
However, Magadan-based Mavial recently announced plans to start serving the area this spring.
At a Feb. 13 roundtable discussion, trade officials said the loss of the link between Alaska and Russia will impede business between the countries. However, airline representatives say there is not enough passenger and cargo volume to efficiently operate the route.
The discussion was part of the Pacific Rim Construction Oil Mining Expo and Conference in Anchorage.
In late 1998 Alaska Airlines ended its service from Anchorage to Magadan, Khabarovsk, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk and Vladivostok. In December 1999 Aeroflot, too, discontinued routes between those cities.
"The absence of adequate transportation connections has a tremendous impact on economic ties," said Charlene Derry, manager of the Federal Aviation Administration Alaska Region's Office of International Aviation. Derry also is the U.S. transportation representative for the U.S. West Coast Russian Far East Ad Hoc Working Group of Seattle.
"Busy executives do not have the time to spend a week to go there and come back," said Michael Allen, general director of the American Business Center in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk.
Current travel, including connecting flights, between Anchorage and Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk is inconvenient, he said.
The departure of Reeve has forced Russian Far East passengers and freight forwarders to use a long and expensive route from Japan through Korea that ends up with a connection to Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk on Korea-based Asiana Airlines.
Phil Bray, director of operations for Era Aviation Inc.'s fixed wing operations, said Alaskans may see a different type of service to the Russian Far East. A special designated flight might be the answer rather than regularly scheduled flights or regular charters, he said. Such a flight would be similar to oil companies' dedicated North Slope shuttle, he said.
Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk-based Allen said such a service would be too expensive for the small- and medium-size Alaska businesses who could participate in future development on Sakhalin Island.
In late December, Era commissioned an e-mail market survey concerning Era offering service to the Russian Far East.
According to the survey, 61 percent of business people Era polled started travel in Anchorage bound for the Russian Far East, while 39 percent began travel in Seattle, Bray said.
Bray, former chief pilot for Reeve who flew its Russian Far East routes, said Era is still considering operating a route to the region, perhaps as a special shuttle.
The perfect aircraft to fly between Alaska and the Russian Far East, probably something similar to Boeing's 737-700 combination passenger and cargo plane, has not yet been built, he said. Such an aircraft would cost $30 million to purchase and $30,000 an hour to operate, Bray said.
One airline is adding a new route between Anchorage and the Russian Far East starting April 1.
Mavial or Magadan Airlines officials in mid-February announced plans to begin flying regular scheduled weekly flights between Magadan, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky and Anchorage. Connecting flights from Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky can transport passengers to Khabarovsk via Khabarovsk Aviation or to Vladivostok aboard Vladivostok Aviation.
The flight from Anchorage will depart Sundays at 6:30 p.m. bound for Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky then Magadan.
Mavial officials decided to add the route since no other carriers were flying to Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, said Mavial's U.S. manager, Vladimir Melnik. Travel agents and U.S. companies asked the airline to consider serving the route, he said.
From Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky and connecting flights to Khabarovsk, Alaskans can reach Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk via flights from Khabarovsk.
The airline already flies between Anchorage, Magadan and Khabarovsk, with the next flight departing March 14.
Most cargo between Alaska and its Russian neighbor -- 93 percent between 1997 and 2000 -- was loaded in Anchorage and bound for the Russian Far East, said Linda Close, marketing manager for Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport.
Allen noted that Sakhalin Aviation may be interested in operating routes between Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky and Anchorage, although the airline has not formally applied for the route. The carrier is looking for an aircraft to serve such a route and also is considering a Honolulu route, a city which offers connections to Anchorage, he said.
Operating any route depends on the bottom line, and carriers could nix routes in favor of more profitable ones, said Greg Wolf, director of the state Division of International Trade and Market Development. Wolf noted his experience with travel companies that bought seats for Japanese tourists to ensure service. "Companies or organizations willing to guarantee seats would reduce the risk for carriers," he said.
State trade officials met with company representatives in mid-February to discuss possible service to the Russian Far East, said Jeff Berliner, Russian trade specialist with the state trade office. Some companies, like Reeve until it filed for bankruptcy, had profitable traffic flying the route, he said.


text:
Nancy's Travelblogue
... there isn't a train I wouldn't take, no matter where it's going. -- Edna St. Vincent Millay
Name: Nancy
The gaucho culture
So long for Nancy's Travelblogue
SAMPLE NEW POST 1/21/2018
Buenos Aires -- First Impressions
Japan Diary -- Wabi Sabi
Japan Diary -- 1st reflections
Japan Diary -- 1st impressions
All the Strong Women Before Women's Lib
New Mexico Postcard -- Epilogue
ROGER WILLIAMS, RHODE ISLAND, AND RELIGIOUS TOLERANCE
I've spent the past week in Providence, Rhode Island and have learned a bit about this tiny, but fiercely independent little state. The independent spirit began with it's founder Roger Williams (1599-1683), who was banned from the Massachusetts Bay Colony just north of here, because of his strange religious beliefs.
One of his strange beliefs was that folks should worship as they chose. From our 21st century revisionist lense, he had along way to go, however Quakers and Sephardic Jews settled here in Rhode Island in the 1600s, thanks to Roger Williams' welcoming hand.
Another of his strange beliefs is that he respected the native people in the area, lived with them for a while and even learned their language. Most radical of all is that, instead of obtaining a charter from the King of England for the land which makes up Rhode Island, he PURCHASED it from his native neighbors.
This is simplifying the story of course, and he ended up dying in obscurity and poverty. Another person ahead of his times.
Rhode Island itself has carried on an independent spirit but also has a spotty history through a modern historian's lense. Here are a few facts:
The first state to declare independence from Great Britain
The last state to sign the ratify the constitution
The primary slave market in the early US, and was the largest slaveholding state in the north, but in 1774 was the first state/colony to prohibit the importation of slaves
Newport was one of the four largest and wealthiest cities in the early US, and again around 1900 became a summering place for the very rich (and still is, though less so)
posted by Nancy | 7:48 PM | 0 comments


It happens all the time. During the 'Lamb of God', a minister goes to the tabernacle and places on the altar a ciborium full of hosts which are distributed during communion.
The reason for reserving the consecrated bread is twofold – to provide communion for the housebound and for the purpose of adoration before the Blessed Sacrament. It is not to provide a supply of hosts to service several Masses.
With such strong theological, symbolic and historical arguments against the practice, why do so many people continue to accept being given communion week after week from hosts that were consecrated at a previous Mass?


The internet is a blessing – a huge wealth of information available at our fingertips. Finding what you are looking for though can be a daunting task.
To make your search for information on Ayurveda a little easier, we've put together a list of our favorite resources for Ayurveda on the web. Check it out and let us know YOUR favorite source of information.
A trusted source for high quality products.
A great source of information on traditional Ayurveda – practices, recipes, and balancing your doshas.
Chiropractor and Ayurvedic Practitioner Dr. John Douillard offers an abundance of information incorporating Ayurvedic principles into modern nutrition. Tons of information.
A unique feature from this large Indian company… Submit a query for answers to your health, beauty or animal health questions.
A down-to-earth, fun read on Ayurveda. Easy to understand introductions to Ayurveda, a dosha quiz, and insightful blog posts.
Maharishi Ayurveda practitioners write on health conditions, diet and lifestyle. Great source of information.
Check our our review of the Institute's resources HERE.
This site has an excellent source of information for women seeking more energy. It's the web home of Ayurvedic Health Coach Alicia Diaz.
P.S. If we've missed one of YOUR favorites, please let us know in the comment section below.
do you know http://www.ayurveda-portal.de ?
Thanks so much for sharing! What a great site you have!
We hope to become a great resource for those seeking Ayurveda in the US. Glad to know that Germany has one!


text:
Shared low-level code used across Newton Commander's submodules.

A quark is an elementary particle and a fundamental constituent of matter.

Features
- Copying files
- Moving files
- Listing content of a folder

## Usage

To run the example project; clone the repo, and run `pod install` from the Project directory first.

## Requirements

- OSX 10.9 (Mavericks)
- Xcode 5.0.2

## Installation

newton-commander-quark is not yet available through [CocoaPods](http://cocoapods.org).

To install it simply add the following line to your Podfile:

    pod "newton-commander-quark", :git => 'https://github.com/neoneye/newton-commander-quark.git'

## Author

Simon Strandgaard, simon@opcoders.com

## License

newton-commander-quark is available under the MIT license. See the LICENSE file for more info.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Lo squartatore di New York è un film italiano del 1982 diretto da Lucio Fulci.

Segnò il ritorno del regista romano al thriller, dopo cinque horror. La novità principale del film rispetto alla filmografia di Fulci è il ricorso a molte sequenze esplicite di sesso morboso e perverso..

Trama

A New York un uomo lancia un bastoncino al suo cane, che glielo riporta scodinzolando. A un successivo lancio, il cane riporta una mano mozzata, che si scopre appartenere a una prostituta scomparsa. Il caso viene affidato al tenente Williams, disilluso e prossimo alla pensione, che interroga quindi la proprietaria dell'albergo nel quale la vittima alloggiava: la donna riferisce che la ragazza aveva un appuntamento con un cliente dalla voce identica a quella di Paperino.  Sul traghetto di Staten Island, una ragazza in bicicletta ha un'accesa discussione con un automobilista, poi s'intrufola nella macchina e scrive col rossetto una parola oscena, ma viene interrotta da un uomo misterioso, che a sua volta s'introduce in macchina parlando con la voce di Paperino, l'accoltella a morte e quindi fugge. Al tenente Williams non resta altro che informare la stampa su un serial killer che s'aggira per la città, ma un suo superiore lo sconsiglia, poiché diffonderebbe il panico tra la popolazione. Il tenente Williams riceve una telefonata da un uomo con la voce di Paperino, che lo avverte di altri omicidi e lo sfida. Il tenente si rivolge così a un giovane professore universitario omosessuale esperto in psichiatria, il dott. Davis, che però sa dire ben poco sul serial killer.

In un quartiere a luci rosse, Jane Lodge, un'attraente donna matura, sta assistendo a uno spettacolo di sesso dal vivo. Con sé ha un registratore, col quale registra i gemiti dell'amplesso mentre si masturba. Un uomo dall'aspetto poco rassicurante, con una mano monca di due dita, la spia, finché Jane non s'allontana dallo spettacolo, al termine del quale l'attrice entra nel suo camerino dietro le quinte e viene assalita a colpi di bottiglia spezzata, che le lacerano la vagina, da un uomo che parla come Paperino.  Intanto il tenente Williams è in compagnia di Kitty, una giovane prostituta che frequenta spesso. Riceve una telefonata fatta dal serial killer, che l'informa d'un ennesimo omicidio. Jane Lodge continua a frequentare quartieri malfamati, in cerca d'emozioni forti: registrati i suoni degli amplessi, li fa ascoltare al marito, poi si reca in un bar frequentato da giovani portoricani, che la seducono e l'umiliano al tempo stesso. La giovane Fay Majors s'accorge d'essere seguita in metropolitana da un uomo con la mano monca: si rifugia in un cinema, dove viene aggredita da un uomo con la voce di Paperino, che la colpisce alla gola. Il volto dell'uomo si trasforma in quello d'un ragazzo giovane: Fay si risveglia in un ospedale, accanto a lei c'è il giovane, che in realtà è il suo fidanzato, Peter Bunch, e il tenente Williams. La ragazza spiega la dinamica dell'aggressione.

Nel frattempo Jane Lodge è stata abbordata dall'uomo con la mano monca: i due s'appartano nella camera d'un hotel e Jane si fa legare nuda al letto, mentre la radio annuncia che il serial killer ricercato per gli omicidi delle ragazze ha due dita mancanti da una mano. Jane, in preda al panico, si libera e fugge, ma viene raggiunta e uccisa dal vero assassino. Il tenente Williams interroga il marito di Jane e riesce a scoprire l'identità dell'uomo senza dita: è Mikos Scellenda, immigrato greco.  Il dott. Davis si reca da Fay e Peter, poi Fay, rimasta sola, viene aggredita da Mikos, ma Peter torna in tempo e lo mette in fuga. Il tenente Williams riceve un'altra telefonata in una cabina telefonica dal serial killer, che si trova ora a casa di Kitty e l'ha legata al letto: l'omicida si prende gioco del tenente, poi uccide Kitty dopo averla torturata orribilmente con una lama da barba. Il tenente arriva troppo tardi.

Continuano, quindi, le ricerche senza successo per scovare Scellenda ritenuto responsabile di tutti gli omicidi, tesi che però decade, quando viene rinvenuto morto suicida, perché l'autopsia rivela che è morto prima dell'ultimo omicidio. Intanto il dott. Davis indaga sul passato di Peter, scoprendo che ha una figlia nata da un precedente matrimonio: la bambina è ricoverata in ospedale, essendo affetta da una rara malattia alle ossa. La bambina riceve spesso delle telefonate da un uomo con la voce di Paperino. Fay ascolta casualmente una delle telefonate e scopre che il vero serial killer è Peter; questi capisce che Fay conosce la verità e l'aggredisce violentemente. Quando Fay sta per soccombere, un colpo di pistola sfonda il volto di Peter: l'ha sparato il tenente Williams. Il dott. Davis spiega a Fay e al tenente l'odio di Peter verso le donne, provocato dal dolore per la figlia malata. In ospedale la bambina invoca disperatamente il padre, senza ottenere risposta. Il dott. Davis cammina per le strade di New York e si volta perplesso verso la macchina da presa.

Produzione
Un mese dopo aver terminato l'edizione di Quella villa accanto al cimitero, Lucio Fulci iniziò a lavorare al film successivo.

Per questo film, però, Lucio Fulci dovette fare a meno di alcuni suoi storici collaboratori: il direttore della fotografia Sergio Salvati fu sostituito da Luigi Kuveiller, che aveva diretto la fotografia di Una lucertola con la pelle di donna, mentre il compositore Fabio Frizzi fu sostituito da Francesco de Masi e il truccatore Giannetto De Rossi da Franco Di Girolamo, coadiuvato da Rosario Prestopino.

Sceneggiatura
Il soggetto e la sceneggiatura furono scritti da Gianfranco Clerici e Vincenzo Mannino. Le prime stesure della sceneggiatura prevedevano che il serial killer fosse afflitto da progeria e che per questo la polizia riuscisse ad identificarlo. Questa sceneggiatura fu poi scritta per Un delitto poco comune, diretto nel 1987 da Ruggero Deodato. A Clerici e Mannino fu affiancato, per volere della produzione, Dardano Sacchetti, che revisionò il copione.

Cast
Il cast del film presenta attori di fiducia di Lucio Fulci, quali Paolo Malco e Daniela Doria, affiancati da Andrea Occhipinti, Alessandra Delli Colli e da Urs Althaus, che recita la parte dell'uomo che si accoppia con Zora Kerowa nel sexy show, e che due anni dopo sarebbe divenuto un attore cult interpretando la commedia L'allenatore nel pallone.

L'attore che doveva recitare il ruolo del tenente Williams fu trovato solo il giorno dell'inizio delle riprese. Fabrizio De Angelis incaricò delle ricerche Roberto Giandalia, l'assistente di Fulci, che partì per Londra dove trovò Jack Hedley e lo portò di corsa a New York.

Lucio Fulci appare in un breve cameo, interpretando il funzionario di polizia che consiglia al tenente Williams di non svelare alla stampa l'esistenza di un serial killer.

Riprese
Le riprese iniziarono, con il titolo di lavorazione Lo squartatore, il 24 agosto 1981, e terminarono ad ottobre. Il film fu girato a New York (gli esterni e alcuni interni) e a Roma (gli interni agli studi De Paolis e alcuni esterni nel quartiere Trastevere).

L'albergo in cui furono girate alcune sequenze riguardanti Jane Lodge era un albergo malfamato e squallido. Durante la sequenza in cui Alessandra Delli Colli fugge dall'assassino entrava in scena ripetutamente un'anziana signora con un girello. La sequenza fu ripetuta varie volte, tra gli improperi di Lucio Fulci. Inoltre furono trafugate alcune attrezzature.

Accoglienza

Incassi
Il film uscì nelle sale cinematografiche italiane il 4 marzo 1982, incassando complessivamente 1.039.731.282 lire dell'epoca. Riscosse inoltre un buon successo all'estero.

Critiche
Alla sua uscita il film ricevette dalla critica cinematografica italiana delle critiche totalmente negative. la Repubblica scrisse: «Interpretato da attori poco noti, il film risulta alla fine poco più di un'esercitazione da mattatoio». Il Corriere della Sera lo definì un «tipico prodotto ibrido volto alle esportazioni»..

Pino Farinotti dà al film una stella e scrive sul suo dizionario dei film «Il maniaco rivendica gli omicidi parlando come Paperino: la polizia brancola nel buio e il pubblico si annoia».

Negli anni novanta il film è stato ampiamente rivalutato, fino a diventare un cult movie e ad essere considerato uno dei migliori film diretti da Lucio Fulci.

Paolo Albiero e Giacomo Cacciatore lo considerano «uno sguardo spietato, crudele e pessimista sulla società e sull'uomo: nessuno è risparmiato, nemmeno nella sfera più intima, quella della famiglia e degli affetti. Lo squartatore di New York saluta i "dorati" anni ottanta offrendo il thriller più crudele, pessimista e violento della carriera di Lucio Fulci e forse del cinema italiano».

Per Antonio Tentori, in questo film «Fulci spinge il suo stile provocatorio oltre ogni misura. Certe sequenze sono infatti al limite dell'hard».

La rivista Nocturno scrive: «Lo squartatore di New York è un film cattivo, ma non un cattivo film: forse, anzi, la ferocia è la sua qualità più rilevante».

Il sito SPLATTERCONTAINER.COM dà al film quattro stelle e scrive: «Senza esagerare, ci troviamo di fronte a uno dei gialli più violenti del cinema italiano: Fulci punta tutto sull'esasperazione visiva e sulla malsanità dei personaggi lasciando il soggetto quasi in secondo piano. Lo squartatore di New York è un film duro e violento, che vanta di effetti magistralmente curati dal regista romano»

Collegamenti ad altre pellicole
 La mano mozzata che appare nell'incipit del film è un riferimento a Zombi 2, diretto da Fulci nel 1979, dove era inquadrata in primo piano la mano mozzata di un poliziotto.
 La sequenza in cui il serial killer infierisce su Kitty estirpandole un occhio con un rasoio è un riferimento alla famosa "scena dell'occhio" presente in Zombi 2 e poi riproposta anche in ...E tu vivrai nel terrore! L'aldilà, diretto da Fulci nel 1981.
 L'uso del paperino è una citazione di Non si sevizia un paperino, sempre diretto da Fulci nel 1972 e considerato da molti come il suo miglior film.
L'inseguimento nella stazione della metropolitana subito da Fay Majors è una citazione del cult movie uscito l'anno prima Un lupo mannaro americano a Londra di John Landis; per rimarcarne l'omaggio, inoltre, viene inquadrato il titolo presente sul tabellone di un cinema, all'uscita dalla metropolitana.

Titoli per l'estero
Il film uscì negli Stati Uniti e nel Regno Unito come The New York Ripper, in Francia come L'eventreur de New York e in Germania Ovest come Der New York Ripper.

Note

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Film splatter
Film thriller
Film diretti da Lucio Fulci

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Sometimes pastors can be prisoners. Are you a prisoner? To your own expectations?
To others' impossible standards? To your church's culturally imposed requirements?
To your denomination's ministerial mold? To your board's unintentionally hurtful demands?
Are you a prisoner to your sense of failure, lack of achievement, or low self-esteem? To your crazy, unworkable, marginless schedule? To your addiction to games, video, screens, substances, or other ministry-excluding practices?
Pastors can be prisoners. Especially when they do not have the freedom to be themselves.
Can you just be yourself? Or is being yourself somehow antithetical to what you, your church, or your denomination expects from a "good pastor"?
This week on the podcast, episode #87, we talk with our friend Erik Anderson. Erik got to the point in his life and ministry where both were unsustainable. He was a prisoner to how he was doing ministry.
He was a manic worker – even working in the middle of the night. He was driven, but by what? He was alienating himself from his wife. He was "doing ministry" in an untenable way. One day Humpty Dumpty fell off the wall. Erik tells his story, and we have the opportunity to perhaps find a piece of our story in his.
You might be on either end of the work continuum: you might be the workaholic, or you might be the lazy pastor. Both are unsustainable. Both will catch up with you.
Maybe you are right in the middle. Everything is just right. You've got all your ducks in a row. You're very predictable, very scheduled, very organized. Your calendar is appropriate and your plans are set. Even the Holy Spirit can't surprise you!
One thing is certain, if we are not working with Jesus in building his Kingdom, we are on our own. And if we are on our own, we are powerless. If we serve in ministry, practicing being aware of the presence of God, and walking in the Spirit, arm in arm and shoulder to shoulder with God – we can face anything that life or ministry can throw at us.
Jesus frees us. Without Jesus, we are prisoners. Prisoners to all of the above expectations and conditions we already outlined. Erik's story on Wednesday's podcast episode will encourage you. We are excited to share it with you. It's our gift to you.
Because, sometimes, pastors can be prisoners.
If you enjoyed this post, you would enjoy Episode 44 - The Pastor's Self-Care.


Ready to take DANB's RF exam? You can apply online right now!
The RF exam is a component exam of DANB's CRFDA certification program. There are eligibility requirements to take the RF exam. See below.
The price for the RF exam is $250. You must meet eligibility requirements to take the RF exam.
DANB's CRFDA Application Packet can be used to apply for the RF exam if you would like to submit your application via mail or fax.
DANB's RF Exam Outline lists the topics covered on DANB's RF exam. You can use the outline to help create your study plan.
The DALE Foundation, the official DANB affiliate, offers a practice test to help prepare for the DANB RF exam.


Duration: 1 Hour and 30 Minutes. Including interactions and downloads.
These Food Safety & Hygiene Level 2 in Manufacturing e-learning course materials are intended for use by people that want to make e-learning an additional part of their learning and development offering.
This Food Safety & Hygiene Level 2 in Manufacturing has been designed for anyone that handles food as part of their role in manufacturing; this could be technical food managers, process managers, process workers, production managers, production workers, technical workers and anyone else involved in the manufacture of food.
Within this Food Safety & Hygiene Level 2 in Manufacturing e-learning course, your learners will be helped to appreciate the importance of food hygiene, their legal responsibilities and best practice involved in the safe production, cooking, packing and handling of food. They'll also consider the type of hazards they might face, personal hygiene, cleaning and disinfection, disposing of rubbish and pest control.
This Food Safety & Hygiene Level 2 in Manufacturing e-learning course provides learners with all the information they need to work effectively with food, helping to ensure the safety of their colleagues and the general public.


Just when you think that you've heard the most ridiculous proposal for how to protect students in our current panic state over school shootings, you come across a story that simply makes you shake your head and do a face palm.
Here's the latest foolishness: the Blue Mountain School District in Pennsylvania has a plan for how they will help to protect students and teachers in the event of an active shooter situation: every teacher will be armed with a five pound bucket of rocks.
Now, maybe these folks are thinking of the story of David and Goliath when they are thinking about using rocks as weapons, but, if that's the case, they apparently forgot that David had a sling shot and that David also had experience killing wild animals in protecting his sheep. I'm concerned, frankly, that this proposal to have a bucket of rocks in each classroom is nothing more than setting up our sheep students to be sitting ducks.
To be fair, Helsel says that "it is the most he can do to arm teachers under the current laws." That very well may be true, and, if so, the people of Pennsylvania need to have some laws changed and fast. Because the kind of laws that make a teacher almost completely incapable of protecting their students, even if they would like to be armed, is simply a law that is a death sentence.
Previous articleHas The Great White North Gone Full Nutzo On Gun Control?
THIS "idea" was thought out by people that are as DUMB as a "bag of rocks".
The "teacher" might get "stoned" in retaliation. MORONS!
Try not to BREAK ANY WINDOWS!
in the schools with weapons to take out a shooter if one should appear.
child and inflicting them with their ignorance in the simple matter of self defense are education.
Everyone else is moving forward in the modern age, but the Blue Mountain School District is moving backwards to the stone age. All the idiots on the Blue Mountain School District Board need to be stoned to death.
I BELIEVE THEY ARE STONED and it AIN'T WATER!
The teacher, bravely threw rock after rock at the shooter, he ducked, he weaved, one rock glanced off the shooters shoulder barely missing his temple. The shooter patiently waited for the teacher to empty his bucket.
Throw a rock at anyone who comes in through the door. I hope that it is the principle or one of the school board.
Getting in position to throw a rock or hand grenade makes one a big target to get shot first! Has any of today's young teachers ever played guns or war as kids and learned how to fight? Playing that teaches that everyone, no matter how good or fast you are, you eventually get killed. Thus you don't take a rock or knife to a gun fight unless suicide is the goal! Change the law is what you should do now!
The intruder already has the gun out and is shooting. That's how these idiots know to go to the bucket of rocks. Think Kyle, think!
Stupid teachers are a product of federally-controlled schools. The socialist one-world tyrants do not want a nation of thinkers; rather, they want a nation of workers — i.e., stupid, mindless, and submissive slaves. Most of our government teachers have "achieved" that "competency" level. This will stop only when the thinkers vote every 2 years (instead of only every 4 years for a "king") and clean up the House of Representatives, who can put a stop to all of it by their control of the nation's purse strings. AND THERE AIN'T NO MAGIC BULLET. Join the JBS.
Why not just have the students and teachers bury their heads in the sand! Then the shooter won't see them!!! But having a bucket of rocks and telling kids they should throw them at other students is just asking for trouble!!!
That's the same mentality that was around in the 50s and 60s. We had nuclear bomb drills by hiding under our desks. That is of no benefit to protect the students. The responsibility of a teacher is protecting their students. If they are unable to fulfill that obligation then they don't belong in a classroom.
Kind of like bringing a knife to a gunfight, only worse. Can liberals get anymore asinine?
I went through the very tough war,BUT NEVER heard of that,What the HEAVEN did he mention about?????????????????
Rocks are better than nothing. Get several teachers throwing rocks would mAke anyone tho k again.
STUPID remark. Students will find a lot of rocks in the classroom. To do much damage the rock would have to be tennis ball size or bigger IF it hits the right spot. The kids were told to stand up, be a target, and throw a rock.
What? thats assenine ,just bring a knife to a gun fight!The old saying. throw rocks at a gun wielding IDIOT! Get Real!
NOT JUST YOU SCOTT BUT MOST OF ALL OF WHAT THE OTHERS ON THIS SITE HAVE SAID . IT JUST SO HAPPENS THAT IN THE THIRD GRADE ON MY WAY HOME N HAWAII 14 OTHER KIDS WERE CONVINCED TO FOLLOW ONE OTHER TO REVENGE A PATROL BOY BEAT UP AND IT DID NOT MATTER WHO THEY GOT JUST AS LONG AS OTHERS WERE ENTERTAINED WITH THE FIGHT . ORDERING MY SISTERS AHEAD DID NOT HELP BUT FINALLY CLIPPING THE FELLOW UP SIDE THE HEAD WITH A ROCK DID . THEN A D ONLY THEN DID A ADULT COME BY IN A CAR WHICH IS WHAT WE WERE LOOKING FOR IN THIS NEW TOWN WE HAD MOVED TOO???!!!!! OF COURSE LIKEN TO WAR I AM GOING TO HIT A SHOOTER WITH ANYTHING AT HAND , EVEN THE TEACHER IF NECESSARY . HA I DO NOT HAVE TO RUN FASTER THAN THE BEAR JUST FASTER THAN YOU . ? WHAT ? !!! IT DOES BRING TO MIND THE SIMPLETONS IN THE WORLD TRADE TOWERS . IF I AM ON THE 110 FLOOR AND THE BUILDING SHAKES YOU CAN FIND ME ON THE FIRST FLOOR PUB ——– IN KANSAS !!!!! HA HA HA HA HA HA WHAT? THE BROKERAGE BOSS ON THE 110 FLOOR TOLD THE PEOPLE TO GO BACK TO WORK . HOW MANY WOULD HAVE MADE IT PAST THE 80 FLOOR OR OUT OF THE BUILDING ALTOGETHER . THANK YHHY THAT IT- BOTH FELL STRAIGHT DOWN IMAGINE the KOBE JAPAN FALL OVER . WHAT IS THE KILL RADIUS FOR THAT !????
This has to be an April fools joke… Or?
In any event, if rocks can be potentially deadly (as stated), then we need to have a National Registry and background check for anyone who may pose a threat by collecting rocks, displaying rocks or indeed, just admiring rocks… The unauthorized possession of rocks, needs to outlawed and strict control of those, who request permission or a license to own them.
I agree, each rock needs a serial number, a date of creation on each one. Then each person that has access to these rocks need to be fingerprinted, photographed and registered with police. Throwing an unauthorized rock or using someone else's will be a felony.
WHAT IS SCARIER THAN THE TEACHERS THROWING ROCKS IS THAT FACT THAT THESE MORONS ARE ENTRUSTED WITH TEACHING OUR CHILDREN.
I thought I knew what stupidity was………I was wrong. Evidently there is a whole new level.
Blame it on our education system.When stupidity is the level of the educator the results will be stupid.
So They will give each pupal a baseball size rock when they walk into the room or the school, as I'm sure a shooter would stop shooting so his "targets" could go get rocks?
I don't understand why the rocks would be in a bucket controlled by the teacher. When I went to school, the rocks were scattered all over the classroom floor, available to anyone. Where were your classroom rocks kept? You did have them, right? Wasn't it a state law? And the student closest to the classroom door had the red chalk to draw a bullseye on the shooter's head, so everyone would know where to aim. That's why there were so few school shootings back then.
When I went to school we had gun safety classes with real guns. Perhaps just knowing guns were in the school prevented shootings.
Many people have complained that a student might take the gun from a teacher who is conceal carrying and do harm to others in their classroom. A biometrically controlled safe would alleviate that possibility.
It seems likely that same student would take the bucket of rocks and do damage to others in the classroom (As suggested by Cliff above.), unless the rocks are kept in a biometrically controlled safe. In which case a gun would be a better use of the safe.


text:
Q: NetLogo create-movie: speed is too fast when played from file So I wrote a NetLogo (v6.3) program. Now I would like to record a video to be embedded within a powerpoint presentation. Here I found the following code that does this:
extensions [vid]

to make-movie

  setup
 vid:start-recorder
 vid:record-interface ;; show the initial state
 repeat 2
 [ go
   vid:record-view ]
 vid:save-recording "out.mp4"

end

But upon playing the created .mp4 file using QuickTime, i notice that the speed is much faster than shown in NetLogo. It's too fast (or faster than I'd like) to be shown in a powerpoint when presenting to a group of people. Has anyone experienced this too, and what could be a workaround this?

A: At http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/docs/programming.html#movies it says:

A movie will play back at 25 frames per second. To make the movie playback faster or slower, consider using a video postprocessing tool.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


This sandwich is sweet, sour, salty and spicy.
Here is yet another type of sandwich, cubin sandwich speciality of Cuba which is made with the combination of something different type of chutney or rather say relish made from black grapes, olives and olive oil.
Bored of eating regular sandwiches and grileed and baked sandwiches? here is something different type of three layer deep fried sandwich which is made from potato stuffing and with the combination of two types of chutneys..red and green!
A recipe loaded with energy yet light to stomach..a perfect breakfast recipe.
Sweet potato is one of the oldest and healthiest of vegetables known to mankind. Not only is it less in starch than regular potato,but also full of fiber and nutrition. This is a simple and healthy pancake which uses sweet potato and will be loved by babies and toddlers alike as well as older kids.
A perfect and traditional breakfast sandwich recipe!
A fusion recipe of east and west.
A crispy paneer toast, made with a combination of carrots and paneer.
a delicious tangy sandwich recipe!
A good change in cooking upma by addition of cabbage, garlic replacing routine onions. This makes this dish tasty and a mouth watering dish.
Children's favorite Grilled Cheese sandwiches. Healthy, Quick and very easy to cook.
A creamy mouth watering sandwich made with corn and melting cheese!! hmmm....truly continental and delicious!
A mildly flavoured and nutritious sandwich.


text:
 Save Image

    <form>

            File Name:

                <input type="text" id="filename-input" ng-model="filename" class="form-control">

.{{format}}

            Format:
            <select id="format-input" class="form-control" ng-model="format">
                <option value="png">PNG</option>
                <option value="jpeg">JPEG</option>
            </select>

            Quality:

{{quality}}

            <input type="range" id="quality-input" ng-model="quality"/>

    </form>

    <button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-lg" ng-click="closeSaveImageModal()"> Cancel </button>
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg" ng-click="saveImage();" ng-class="{disabled: checkValid()}"> Save Image </button>


Find More on "Make the Most of Your Christmas vacations"
Its Christmas time and the most awaited holidays are about to begin. People all over the world enjoy this festival in their own way with great enthusiasm. People like to party on the festival and before that Christmas shopping and decorating home takes their most of the time. There are also some people who like to travel to different locations for celebrating the Christmas festival in a best possible way.
Children wait for the Christmas holidays throughout the year and to visit some special place on Christmas. Celebrating Christmas in some other style and according to other culture will be great fun. Explore the newer ways of celebrating the festival; this season and make the most of it.
During Christmas days, exciting travel packages and deals gets availed on web. Get the most suitable deal for you and enjoy maximum in coming Christmas holidays. Plan for your family and surprise your kids making it the most memorable holidays of lifetime.
Explore the astounding landscapes of Switzerland or the extraordinary beaches of Miami. Or you can just watch out for the Christmas celebration in your favorite destination. If you don't want to opt for far off places then you can go for the nearest beautiful place which is famous for celebrating Christmas the unique way.
This time relax down in Christmas holidays without any thought of hosting a grand party at your place. Just opt for the cheapest and the most valuable vacation in some exotic location and you love the way of celebrating the Christmas this time.
"The city that never sleeps" is one of the amazing places to celebrate Christmas holidays. The city is great fun to go round and explore it all. The place seems even more pleasing during Christmas vacations. Enjoy the Christmas tree lighting and some ice skating at Rockefeller Center. No matter how much fun you had in previous Christmas celebration, you will not forget the one celebrated in New York.
Miami is another place where you can escape the cold in Christmas if you prefer warm weather to cold. The city has a lot to explore. Its beautiful beaches and undeniably exciting nightlife are the important things to watch out for. Enjoy some "rays" while taking a stroll down Ocean Drive, or grab a chair and enjoy a drink at a sidewalk cafe before Christmas dinner. Go for the traditional Christmas dinner in the city to make it your best experience.
Sydney is an amazing place with many things to do and great places to visit. One must go for the iconic Sydney Opera House, the one with the white pointy roof. After your trip to the opera house swing by famous Australian Bondi Beach, or visit Hyde Park, and the Royal Bontanic Gardens. Enjoy the delicious dinner at Christmas in some well known Australian restaurant.


CLEARWATER, Fla. (AP) Yankees center fielder Aaron Hicks had a second cortisone shot for his ailing back and will not be ready for opening day.
New York manager Aaron Boone didn't rule out Hicks returning during the second week of the season.
"There's still a little bit (of discomfort) in there and we just want to make sure that this isn't some thing that lingers during the season," Boone said before Sunday's split-squad game against Philadelphia.
OF Jacoby Ellsbury, who missed all of last season with injuries, reported to camp. Ellsbury had been in Arizona rehabbing from plantar fasciitis. He had a physical Sunday and has resumed hitting off a tee and playing catch. "Hopefully, slowly moving towards getting introduced back to baseball activities," Boone said.


text:
TV ReviewsMoonbase 8Season 1
The future crashes into the past when SpaceX arrives on Moonbase 8
Randall Colburn
Photo: Showtime/A24
Note: All six episodes of Moonbase 8 are currently on-demand for Showtime subscribers, but we'll be sharing our reviews on a weekly basis following each episode's Sunday night airing. If you're interested in a full season review of the series, Danette Chavez has you covered.
There's a stark difference between feeling old and being confronted with just how out of touch you really are. Everyone feels old when they see the stuff they loved as kids memed or repurposed, when the headlines swarm with unfamiliar names like Jeffree Star and Noah Centineo. We meet these moments with a smile and a shrug, absolving ourselves of understanding by accepting that it's simply not for us. But that's not the same as actually spending time with a younger generation, watching in horror as you're regarded with that blend of pity and bemusement once directed at the adults in your life. You think you get it, those stares say, but you don't. You are an alien.
Moonbase 8Season 1
"Visitors"
For as funny as "Visitors" is, it's also painful. Cap (John C. Reilly), Rook (Tim Heidecker), and Skip (Fred Armisen) are earnest, but they're also pathetic, having deluded themselves into thinking a) they're qualified to go to the Moon and b) going to the Moon will solve all of their problems. It's been clear from the first episode that they'll likely never launch into orbit, but it's never been more obvious than during a visit from their neighbors at SpaceX. Billy (Adam Lambert; yes, really), Alix (Alia Shawkat), and Cooper (Thomas Mann), three Mars hopefuls from Elon Musk's private aerospace company, have set up shop within spitting distance of the base. Cap is none too pleased at first, but his tune changes when he embraces the "grassroots, bottom-up idea" of a merger between NASA and SpaceX.
Fred Armisen, Adam Lambert
A merger with the moneyed Musk, he argues, could help NASA overcome its budget cuts, which are now impacting the base's insurance coverage and "oxygen allowance." Even the boys' rations are impacted, their beloved canned bagels getting swapped out for little dehydrated ones. To stay afloat, NASA's resorted to desperate partnerships with the NFL (R.I.P. Kelce) and Mars (the company, not the planet), and the episode begins with the trio testing out Snickers' new honey-glazed maple bar ("A nightmare for long-haired dog owners," declares Rook). This doesn't sit well with Skip, who, following his flu-induced vision last week, still feels as if his intelligence is being wasted. He's tempted, then, when Billy, his former protégé, teases that he could get him hired at SpaceX.
Cap's idea of a merger is met with polite disbelief from the SpaceX team, who see in the base's antiquated design and construction a hopelessly outdated operation. Where their gear is sleek and efficient, NASA's is clunky and ineffectual. They think about the future, while Cap is still charmed by dehydrated "space food," a bygone notion plucked from pop culture's characterization of space travel. Alix is fascinated by Rook's faith: "How do you rationalize scientific concepts such as string theory, Big Bang, evolution with something like Christianity?" she asks, seemingly charmed by the quaintness of it all. Sensing their condescension, Cap puffs his chest, challenging Cooper to a footrace. He may not have an Ivy League education, but surely he can best this egghead with an old-fashioned show of manliness. Unsurprisingly, he takes a nasty tumble, cracking his helmet. Rook frantically tends to the situation as if they were actually on the Moon, prompting giggles from Billy, Alix, and Cooper. They're not cruel, these three, they just don't care like Cap, Rook, and Skip do. For them, it's science. For Moonbase 8, it's redemption.
Thomas Mann, Alia Shawkat
Skip tells Billy he won't be going to SpaceX, not out of devotion to his pals, I don't think, but because they represent the future. And the future is fuckin' bleak. Moonbase 8's NASA represents the American Dream, crumbling and hollow but beautiful in its potential. The future, meanwhile, is private equity, corporatization, and the monopolization of wealth. It's being a judge on Battlebots because your weird green beard went viral online. The path to success grows narrower by the day.
"Those kids are sweet, they're dreamers," Cap says, firmly integrating he and the others back into their shared fantasy. They're the aliens, he implies, not us.
The excellent song playing during Cap's rover off-roading is "Long Way Up" by '80s metal outfit Jailhouse.
Even the base's sci-fi movie collection is hopelessly outdated. Logan's Run, Silent Running, and 2010. They're "working on 2001."
I love how genuinely cool they all find Billy's beard. "He's so cool, he looks like he's in System of a Down or Three Doors Down or one of those groups," says Rook.
Lambert was great! Moonbase 8 is scoring big with these unexpected cameos.
Elon Musk looks like "Leon DiCaprio," per Rook.
Heidecker is so good at delivering Rook's suburban mom sentiments: "We're helping out NASA and we're having a fun time doing it with these sweet treats." Kills me.
I have no use for one, but now I want a Tesla Powerwall.
Randall Colburn is The A.V. Club's Internet Culture Editor. He lives in Chicago, occasionally writes plays, and was a talking head in Best Worst Movie, the documentary about Troll 2.


This is the sixth of a multi-part series about the book. In this episode, Shawn and Cathy talk about the importance and value of developing the right design team, and also the importance of stakeholder voice in framing and shaping what the design team is putting together.
07:23 On what you mentioned with user-centered design. You mentioned the importance of evaluating local conditions, and I assume that it's not just about location-based, it's not place-based. Is it also about male-female population, demographics, minorities… And are you putting together personas when you're doing the student shadowing? Or is it mostly one or two students? How does that work?
09:25 There has to be some aspect of school itself that resonates for them [students] in a way that engages them and motivates them every single time that they come in the door.


Police are investigating numerous reports of criminal damage being caused to vehicles parked on Kirkby Street and Crosby Street, Maryport on the evening of Tuesday 16th October between 4pm and 7pm.
Anyone who witnessed or has any information in regards to this incident should contact police quoting log 242 of 16th October 2018.
Email: [email protected] Call non-emergency number: PC 2651 Wills on 101 Or Crimestoppers anonymously on 0800 555 111.


text:
\section{Introduction}
\label{Int}
Early X-ray light-curves of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) present complex temporal behaviour.
Specifically, in many GRBs the initial light-curve falls very steeply (this is known as the ``steep decay" phase) and
then exhibits a very shallow declining phase (``the plateau") before settling at the ``regular" ($F\sim t^{-1.5}$) decay expected from the external forward shock. One of the most interesting features in these light-curves is the occurrence of ``X-ray flares" in approximately 1/3 of GRBs \citep{Burrows(2005b),Falcone(2007),Chincarini(2010),Margutti(2011)}. These flares occur between $30-10^5$sec after the burst trigger, exhibit significant re-brightening (up to a factor of 500 in some cases) and are associated with the release of large isotropic equivalent energies (for the early time flares, on average 0.1 of the energy released during the prompt, and in some cases comparable). On average, these flares last $\sim 0.2t_f$ where $t_f$ is the time of the flare's onset, after which the light-curve goes back to the same temporal and spectral fluxes exhibited right before the flares. The existence of an underlying continuum with the same slopes before and
after the flaring activity as well as the flares' highly variable nature, makes it highly unlikely that flares are produced by the same component as the continuum emission dominating before and after each flare, i.e. the forward external shock. Therefore, the flares are likely the result of the same mechanism producing the prompt emission.

All this has led previous authors to consider the possibility that flares are produced by prolonged activity of the GRB central engine \citep{Burrows(2005a),FanWei(2005),Zhang(2006)}.
This activity, up to $10^5$sec after the trigger is non-trivial to understand in the context of black holes and provides some support for magnetar central engines for GRBs \citep{Kluzniak(1998),Dai(2006)}. Nonetheless, there have also been several proposals to generate flares within the black hole central engine models,\citep[see e.g. ][]{King(2005),Perna(2006),Proga(2006),Lee(2009),Cao(2014)}. In the present work we are not limiting ourselves to a specific central engine model, although some of the ``challenges" below, turn out to be more limiting for magnetars than for black holes.
\section{Motivation}
\label{motivation}
We outline a number of challenges that must be resolved in any model that attempts to explain X-ray flares.
\begin{enumerate}
\item There is a broad range of typical flare time-scales. In addition, these times are generally much longer than the prompt variability time-scale. Any model attempting to explain flares, should be able to reproduce this range of time-scales. This is non-trivial; for instance, in the magnetar scenario the natural time-scale would be the magnetar spin down time. If this time is associated with either the prompt or the flares, it would not be able to account for the other.
\item While strong flares are regularly observed in X-rays, no strong flaring behaviour is observed in the optical band at the same
time \citep[e.g.,][]{Swenson(2013)}. This implies that the spectral slope of the flare emission between these two bands must be very hard.
Upper limits on the optical flux at a few tens up to a few hundreds of seconds, are typically between 0.1mJy and 5mJy (at $\sim 2eV$) \citep{Santana(2015),Troja(2015)}.
Specifically, \cite{Santana(2015)}, study 8 flares selected for their brightness in X-rays, showing that in all these flares the spectral slopes between the optical and X-ray bands, should be harder than $F_{\nu}\sim \nu^{0.7}$ in order not to over produce optical radiation as compared with observations.
This significantly limits possible emission models for the flares, and in particular implies that in order for synchrotron models
(either in the slow or fast cooling regimes) to be viable, the spectrum has to become self absorbed somewhere between optical and X-rays, and the spectral slope below this frequency should become much harder.
A similar situation occurs during the prompt phase and has been used to significantly limit the possible emission mechanism of the prompt GRB and the jet composition at the emission site \citep{Shen(2009),Beniamini(2014),Kumar(2014)}.

For the case of slow cooling synchrotron,
even a self absorption break at $\nu_0\sim 3 \nu_{opt}$ (where $\nu_{opt}$ is the frequency of the optical band) is typically sufficient to suppress the optical flux below the observed limits during the flares starting at $ t_f\approx 300$sec
We note that in the fast cooling regime,
the extrapolated flux below the X-ray band increases and therefore also the required $\nu_0$ to sufficiently suppress the optical flux, increases.
However, by definition, the quantity: $F_0/\nu_0^{\alpha}$ (where $\alpha$ is the spectral slope below the self absorption frequency)
will remain constant in this process, thus leaving the upper limits on the radius given by Eq. \ref{eq:radiuslim} unchanged.
For the synchrotron self absorption frequency, $\nu_{SA}$, to be larger than $\nu_0$, the maximum allowed radius where the radiation is produces is given by:
\begin{equation}
\frac{2\nu_{SA}^2}{c^2}\gamma_e(\nu_{SA}) \Gamma m_e c^2 \frac{R^2}{4\Gamma^2 d_L^2}\leq F_{obs}(\nu_X)\bigg(\frac{\nu_{SA}}{\nu_X} \bigg)^{1/3}
\end{equation}
where $\Gamma$ is the Lorentz factor of the matter producing the flare, $F_{obs}(\nu_X)$ is the observed specific flux at $\nu_X=2keV$ during the
flares starting at $300$sec \citep{Santana(2015)}, $d_L$ is the luminosity distance and $\gamma_e(\nu_{SA})$ is the typical thermal Lorentz factors of the electrons radiating synchrotron at $\nu_{SA}$ and is given by:
\begin{equation}
\label{gammae}
\gamma_e(\nu_{SA})=\bigg(\frac{2 \pi m_e c \nu_{SA}}{\Gamma q B'}\bigg)^{1/2}=\bigg(\frac{\sqrt{2} \pi m_e c^{3/2} \nu_{SA}\sqrt{1+\sigma}R}{q \sqrt{L}\sqrt{\sigma}}\bigg)^{1/2}
\end{equation}
where $B'$ is the magnetic field in the jet frame and in the last transition it has been related to the jet luminosity, $L$, the radius, $R$ and the magnetization $\sigma$ (the relative energy density in magnetic fields compared to that in particles).
This leads to:
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:radiuslim}
R<3.4\times 10^{14} \bigg(\frac{F_{obs}(\nu_X)}{10 mJy}\bigg)^{0.4}\!\bigg(\frac{\Gamma}{100}\bigg)^{0.4}d_{L,28}^{0.8}L_{50}^{0.1}\bigg(\frac{\sigma}{1+\sigma}\bigg)^{0.1}cm
\end{equation}
where $L_{50}=L/10^{50}\mbox{ergs/sec}$ and $d_{L,28}=d_L/10^{28}$cm. This consideration therefore significantly limits the allowed radius
for producing the flares.
This upper limit can become even smaller in case particles are accelerated in shocks (which is likely for Baryonic jets) to form a non-thermal spectrum above some minimum Lorentz factor $\gamma_m$. In this case $\gamma_e(\nu_{SA})$ in Eq. \ref{gammae} is replaced by $max(\gamma_e(\nu_{SA}),\gamma_m)$ and the limit on $R$ could be decreased. In addition, PIC simulations suggest that locally the magnetic field may be significantly weaker than the equipartition value for shock acceleration of particles \citep{Sironi(2011)}. This would require slightly hotter electrons (since from Eq. \ref{gammae}, $\gamma_e(\nu_{SA}) \propto \sigma^{-1/4}$) and would imply smaller radii given the same observed flux.
The limits on radius and Lorentz factor are shown in Fig. \ref{radiuslim}, in comparison with the radius determined by the variability time scale for a flare starting at $300$sec. In case the emission radius is set by the latter, the Lorentz factor of the flare producing material is also significantly constrained by this consideration, to be $\lesssim 20$.
\item In the magnetar model, the energy source for the flares would be the rotational energy of the magnetar. However, the magnetar is expected to spin down very fast, leading to a decrease in the available energy for flares (which would become more severe for flares emitted at later times). For a general spin-down mechanism with a braking index of $n$, the energy goes down as $E \sim t^{2 \over 1-n}$, which for dipole radiation implies $E\sim t^{-1}$.
The energy in flares, indeed seems to be falling down in time (at least initially), although at a somewhat different rate: \cite{Margutti(2011)} show that $E \sim t^{-1.7}$ for flares that start up to $\sim 1000$sec and $E\sim const$ for flares between 1000sec and $10^5$sec.
However, the real problem is that the breaking index ($n$) should be $\sim 1.7$ in order for the magnetar model to be able to explain the rapid decline phase of the X-ray light-curves \citep{Tagliaferri(2005)}, seen between $\sim 10^2-10^3$sec.
In other words, one needs $E \propto t^{-3}$ or faster to explain the X-ray steep decline up to $\sim 1000$sec after the trigger, but in that case the rotational energy in the magnetar is too little to explain the late time flares.

\item A related issue has to do with the energy required for the jet to carve out a cavity through the polar region of the GRB progenitor star. The energy required for this process is likely very large (e.g \citealt{Woosley(1993),MacFadyen(1999),Ramirez-Ruiz(2002),Matzner(2003),Bromberg(2015)}). Therefore, if the central engine stops operating after producing the prompt gamma-rays and then restarts at $\sim 300$sec or later, the polar cavity opened by the prompt jet would have already closed and the flare material would have to re-open this cavity. It would therefore have to be initially significantly more energetic as compared with estimates based on the flux eventually emitted during the flares (which are already huge and highly constraining, as mentioned above).
\end{enumerate}

\begin{figure*}

\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.8\textwidth]{Rlimit}
\caption
{\small Upper limit on the radius assuming synchrotron emission and requiring that the optical flux is sufficiently suppressed below the observed limits (solid line). This upper limit may be smaller for Baryonic jets (see \S \ref{motivation} for details).
In comparison we plot also the radius given by the variability time-scale for a flare starting at 300sec with a variability $\Delta t\approx 60$sec (dashed line), and the photospheric radius (considered to produce the flares in this paper) assuming $L_{f}=10^{50}$ergs/sec and $\sigma = 1$ (dot dashed line). In many models (including the one considered in this paper) the second of these radii determines the radius of emission for the flares of given variability. In such cases the Lorentz factor of the flare emitting material is significantly limited to $\Gamma \lesssim 20$ (for flares starting at 300sec). In addition we see from the intersection of the dashed and dot-dashed lines that the radius considered in this paper is consistent with the limits from synchrotron self-absorption even for $\sigma = 1$ (for larger $\sigma$ the radius decreases as $R \propto (1+\sigma)^{-1}$).}
\label{radiuslim}
\end{figure*}

\section{The Basic Model}
\label{Basis}
Motivated by the considerations discussed in \S \ref{motivation}, in particular X-rays being produced close to the photosphere and the difficulty of reopening the polar cavity if the X-ray jet is launched after a period of central engine inactivity, we present a model for X-ray flares where the central engine activity is confined to a short time period of order less than $10^2$sec.
We consider a scenario in which the prompt emission and flare(s) are emitted from the photospheric radius. In our model, both the material producing the prompt
phase of the emission and that producing the flare(s) are ejected from the central engine at the same time, but with different velocities. The fast material produces the prompt phase of the emission as it reaches its photosphere, whereas the slower material eventually dissipates its energy and produces the flare(s) as it reaches its own (further out) photosphere.
Due to the steep dependence of the photosphere (and the corresponding observed time-scale for the emission) on the Lorentz factor of the material, a variation in the Lorentz factor by less than an order of magnitude is likely to be sufficient to account for the large difference in the prompt vs. flare typical variability time-scales.
This model may naturally resolve the challenges presented above associated with producing flares:
\begin{enumerate}
\item The different time-scales associated with the onset and duration of the prompt and flares, are naturally reproduced from a single time-scale at the source.
\item The small radius from which the flares are emitted enables the optical radiation to be sufficiently suppressed below detection level, consistent with observations.
\item Since the flare emitting material is ejected together with or just after the prompt emitting material, there is sufficient energy in the magnetar at the time of ejection to produce the flare.
\item The fact that the flare emitting material is ejected together with the prompt emitting material, implies also that the former can pass more easily through the surrounding environment, and does not have to invest large amounts of energy just to re-open the cavity in order to punch through the surface of the progenitor star, as is the case for models invoking late time activity for the central engine.
\end{enumerate}

\section{Emission radii, time-scales and spectra}
Consider a jet moving at a Lorentz factor of $\Gamma$. The jet luminosity is given by:
\begin{equation}
\label{Ljet}
L=(1+\sigma)\Gamma\dot{M}c^2
\end{equation}
where $\dot{M}$ is the mass loss rate.
The optical depth to Compton scatterings is given by:
\begin{equation}
\tau\approx n'\sigma_T \frac{R}{\Gamma}=\frac{\dot{M}}{4\pi \Gamma R^2 c m_p}\frac{\sigma_T R}{\Gamma}=\frac{L \sigma_T}{(1+\sigma)4\pi R c^3 m_p \Gamma^3}
\end{equation}
where $n'$ is the jet density in the co-moving frame and where we have made use of Eq. \ref{Ljet}.
The optical depth decreases with increasing radius until it reaches $\tau=1$ at the photosphere, which we assume as the radius of emission (see Fig. \ref{radiuslim}). The emission radius in this model may be slightly below the photosphere, as in any case the radiation will be trapped up until the photospheric radius. However, dissipation cannot occur much below this radius, since in this case the jet could suffer significant adiabatic losses between the dissipation and emission radii, leading to greatly increased requirements on the energy source and resulting in a significant re-brightening of the afterglow, contrary to observations.
Assuming that the shell contributing to the radiation is narrow ($\Delta R< R/\Gamma^2$), emission from this radius would last for:
\begin{equation}
\label{tphoto}
\Delta t=\frac{R}{2c\Gamma^2}=\frac{L \sigma_T}{(1+\sigma)8\pi  c^4 m_p \Gamma^5}.
\end{equation}
Notice that this time depends very strongly on $\Gamma$, implying a large range of variability times, from the shortest flares to the longest ones, would be obtained from a relatively narrow distribution in $\Gamma$ (this would also imply the same underlying mechanism producing the prompt and flares' variabilities). We note that it is very natural to expect a distribution of Lorentz factors in the flow, since it is unlikely that the flow would be very regular.
Assuming that both the prompt phase and the flares are produced from their corresponding photospheres, Eq. \ref{tphoto}, implies that:
\begin{equation}
\frac{\Delta t_{flare}}{\Delta t_{GRB}}=\bigg(\frac{L_{f}}{L_{GRB}}\bigg)\bigg(\frac{1+\sigma_{GRB}}{1+\sigma_{f}}\bigg)\bigg(\frac{\Gamma_{GRB}}{\Gamma_{f}}\bigg)^5,
\end{equation}
where the sub-script ``GRB" refers to the parameters for the material creating the prompt emission and the sub-script ``f" to the same parameters for the flare emitting material.
As an example, for a flare starting at $\sim 300$sec, with $\Delta t_{flare}\approx 60$sec, $L_f\approx 0.01 L_{GRB}$ a decrease in $\Gamma$ by a factor of $\sim 6$ (for the same magnetization) is sufficient to obtain a $\Delta t_{flare}\approx 60\Delta t_{GRB}\approx 60$sec.
Due to the strong dependence on $\Gamma$, the qualitative result will hold even if the magnetization is quite different for the different materials. In addition, since the flare emitting material was emitted at early times,
roughly together with the prompt emitting material, a magnetar source would still have sufficient rotational energy during the launching phase
to power the observed flare energies (see \S \ref{motivation}).

Finally, consider the spectrum below the X-ray band.
Since we are considering photospheric emission, the emitting region is compact and the spectrum in our model is likely to be self absorbed above the optical band. Keeping the emission mechanism general, $\nu_{SA}$, satisfies:
\begin{equation}
\frac{2\nu_{SA}^2}{c^2}\gamma_e \Gamma m_e c^2 \frac{R^2}{4\Gamma^2 d_L^2}=F_{obs}(\nu_{SA})
\end{equation}
where $\gamma_e$ is the typical thermal Lorentz factor of the emitting electrons and $F_{obs}(\nu_{SA})$ is the observed flux at $\nu_{SA}$.
The largest possible radius where the emission can be produced and still become self-absorbed in the optical band is the photospheric radius. Plugging this into the equation above implies:
\begin{equation}
\label{SelfAbs}
\nu_{SA}\!\geq\! 2\times 10^{15}\bigg(\frac{F_{obs}(\nu_{SA})}{mJy}\bigg)^{0.5}\!(1+\sigma_{f})^{0.3} L_{f,50}^{-0.3}\gamma_e^{-0.5}d_{L,28} Hz
\end{equation}
where we have used $\Delta t_{flare}\approx 60$sec typical for a flare starting at 300sec to obtain a lower limit on $\Gamma_f$. Given the large expected value of $\sigma_f$, Eq. \ref{SelfAbs} implies that the
spectrum is very likely self absorbed above the optical band (as required by observations) even if the electrons producing the radiation have quite large $\gamma_e$. Specifically, we note that this holds for the case of synchrotron emission, as can be seen from Eq. \ref{eq:radiuslim} and Fig. \ref{radiuslim}. Note however, that though necessary, this consideration is not sufficient. It is possible that even if the radiation is produced at $\tau\geq 1$, the spectrum below $\nu_{SA}$ can be flat due to the effect of IC scatterings
(\citealt{Thompson(1994),Ghisellini(1999),Meszaros(2000)}, etc.).
This condition should therefore be self-consistently verified for any detailed model attempting to explain GRB flares.
\section{Implications on the distribution of velocities in the jet}
Given the distribution of flare luminosity with time, we can determine the required distribution of jet luminosity as a function of $\Gamma$, within the model proposed in this paper. The observed distribution is approximately \citep{Margutti(2011)}:
\begin{equation}
L(t)\propto
\left\{ \!
  \begin{array}{l}
t^{-2.7}\quad t\lesssim 1000\mbox{ sec}\\
 \\
 t^{-1} \quad t \gtrsim 1000 \mbox{ sec}\\
  \end{array} \right.
\end{equation}
In our model, we have $L(t) \propto t(1+\sigma)\Gamma^5$, leading to:
\begin{equation}
L(\Gamma)\propto
\left\{ \!
  \begin{array}{l}
(1+\sigma)^{0.73} \Gamma ^{3.65} \quad \Gamma \gtrsim \Gamma_{min}\\
 \\
 (1+\sigma)^{0.5} \Gamma ^{2.5} \quad \Gamma \lesssim \Gamma_{min}\\
  \end{array} \right.
\end{equation}
\section{Conclusions}
Observations of GRB flares strongly constrain the possible models. Specifically, models should be able to explain the broad range of typical observed time-scales and the strong suppression of the optical compared to the X-ray flux.
Although a synchrotron origin for the observed X-ray emission cannot be ruled out by the data, the relative lack of optical to X-ray flux
implies a self absorbed source below $\sim 10eV$, leading to a small emission radius: $R\lesssim 3\times 10^{14}cm$ and also a relatively small Lorentz factor, in case the radius is set by the variability time-scale ($\Gamma\lesssim 20$ for a flare starting at $\sim 300$sec).
In addition flare models should be able to account for the considerable amounts of energies to be released as late flares (which poses a difficulty for the late time central engine activity model that invokes a rapidly rotating magnetar) and have enough energy not only to power the observed flare but also to allow the flare emitting jet (or outflow) to punch through the progenitor star.

We have considered a model in which X-ray flares and prompt GRB radiation have a common central engine.
We suggested that both the material producing the prompt GRB and that producing the flare(s) are ejected from the central engine at more or less the same time but at different speeds. The fast outflow produces the prompt GRB as it reaches its photosphere, whereas the slower material eventually produces the flare(s) as it reaches its own (further out) photosphere.
Due to the steep dependence of the observed time-scale in this model on the Lorentz factor of the material, a small variation in the Lorentz factor can account for the large difference in the prompt vs. flare typical variability time-scales.
The small emission radius in this model can allow for self absorbed spectra at the optical band. In addition, since the flare jet is produced at an early time, there is still a large energy reservoir available at that time. Finally the flare material follows on the tail end of the prompt jet, before the polar cavity of the star has closed, and so can break out through the surface of the GRB progenitor star with little expenditure of energy.

Another important test for any model attempting to explain late time flares regards their observed steep decays.
In models in which the flare variability is associated with the angular time-scale, one can expect the decay to be dominated by high latitude emission ($F_{\nu}\propto \nu^{-\beta} t^{-2-\beta}$ where $\beta$ is the spectral slope). However, observationally, the decays are much steeper, with decay slopes between -10 and -100 even after correcting for the most conservative value of the ``zero time", $t_0$ \citep{Uhm(2015)}.
One of the ways that a very fast decay (including, potentially, an exponential decay) of the X-ray light-curve may arise in the model proposed here, is if the angular size of the X-ray flare jet is $\lesssim 1/\Gamma$. This is natural to expect in our model since the flare jet Lorentz factor is of order $\sim 10$ (Fig. \ref{radiuslim}) and its angular size is set by the size of the polar cavity in the progenitor star that the high Lorentz factor (and high luminosity) gamma-ray producing jet had carved out (which we know from observations to be of order $5\degree-10\degree$). Since in this case there is very little radiation produced at latitudes $>1/\Gamma$, the light-curve's slope due to high-latitude emission is not limited to $2+\beta$, and in fact, the flux could fall off much more rapidly.
The exact shape of the light-curve will depend on the angular spread of energies within the flare producing jet, $dE/d\Omega$, on the Lorentz factor at different directions, $\Gamma(\theta)$ and on the rate of jet energy dissipation below the Thomson photosphere at different radii and angles. A further test for the applicability of such models would be to perform a detailed calculation of the expected light-curves from these models and compare the results against the observed light-curves.

Finally, we remark that although they have different energetics and time-scales, flares share many similarities with prompt GRB pulses, such as ``fast rise - exponential decay" time profiles \citep{Curran(2008)}, a pulse width that decreases with the observed frequency as approximately $W \sim \nu^{-0.5}$ \citep{Chincarini(2010)} and a correlation between peak frequency and luminosity \citep{Margutti(2010)}. This suggests that either these effects are purely dynamical \citep[see e.g.][]{BG(2015)} or else GRB pulses and flares share a common radiation mechanism. A better understanding of GRB flares could shed some light on the yet unknown prompt emission mechanism.
\section*{Acknowledgements}
We would like to thank Raffaella Margutti, Rodolfo Barniol Duran and Patrick Crumley for helpful discussions.
We are very grateful to the referee for his/her careful reading of the paper, and for extremely insightful comments and suggestions which substantially improved the paper.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


Ronn Owens Report: Do GOP politicians support Trump behind closed doors?
On today's report, host Ronn Owens speaks with the national political editor of Newsweek, Nina Burleigh. This week's issue features her cover story about the Trump influence in Washington D.C. and the world. Items discussed amongst the two included whether GOP politicians really buy Trumpism or if behind closed doors they'd rather see another Republican run for the White House in 2020, Trump's political judgment as represented by his support of extreme candidates in Texas, Kansas and Missouri primaries and who the Democrats will put forth as their presidential candidate.


Im trying to resize an impact vehicle outline in illustartor by 2000% but it keeps "cant scale the objects.the requesed transformation would make some objects fall completely off the drawing area."
Change view in Illustrator to outlines, press CTRL-A, zoom out and have a look to see if there are any rogue points preventing the enlargement. Sometimes you'll get a semi-deleted point from a ruler of path sitting on the edge of artboard preventing the scaling.