text:
A decade of sustained geographic spread of HIV infections among women in Durban, South Africa
Ramjee, G., Sartorius, B., Morris, N. et al, Wand, H., Reddy, T., Yssel, J.D. and Tanser, F. (2019) A decade of sustained geographic spread of HIV infections among women in Durban, South Africa. BMC Infectious Diseases, 19 . p. 500. ISSN 1471-2334
Full content URL: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-019-4080-6
Fine scale geospatial analysis of HIV infection patterns can be used to facilitate geographically targeted interventions. Our objective was to use the geospatial technology to map age and time standardized HIV incidence rates over a period of 10 years to identify communities at high risk of HIV in the greater Durban area.
HIV incidence rates from 7557 South African women enrolled in five community-based HIV prevention trials (2002–2012) were mapped using participant household global positioning system (GPS) coordinates. Age and period standardized HIV incidence rates were calculated for 43 recruitment clusters across greater Durban. Bayesian conditional autoregressive areal spatial regression (CAR) was used to identify significant patterns and clustering of new HIV infections in recruitment communities.
The total person-time in the cohort was 9093.93 years and 613 seroconversions were observed. The overall crude HIV incidence rate across all communities was 6·74 per 100PY (95% CI: 6·22–7·30). 95% of the clusters had HIV incidence rates greater than 3 per 100PY. The CAR analysis identified six communities with significantly high HIV incidence. Estimated relative risks for these clusters ranged from 1.34 to 1.70. Consistent with these results, age standardized HIV incidence rates were also highest in these clusters and estimated to be 10 or more per 100 PY.
Compared to women 35+ years old younger women were more likely to reside in the highest incidence areas (aOR: 1·51, 95% CI: 1·06–2·15; aOR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1·19–2·14 and aOR: 1·62, 95% CI: 1·2–2·18 for < 20, 20–24, 25–29 years old respectively). Partnership factors (2+ sex partners and being unmarried/not cohabiting) were also more common in the highest incidence clusters (aOR 1.48, 95% CI: 1.25–1.75 and aOR 1.54, 95% CI: 1.28–1.84 respectively).
Fine geospatial analysis showed a continuous, unrelenting, hyper HIV epidemic in most of the greater Durban region with six communities characterised by particularly high levels of HIV incidence. The results motivate for comprehensive community-based HIV prevention approaches including expanded access to PrEP. In addition, a higher concentration of HIV related services is required in the highest risk communities to effectively reach the most vulnerable populations.
College of Social Science > Lincoln Institute of Health


The term yoga is derived from the literal meaning of "yoking together" a span of horses or oxen but came to be applied to the "yoking" of mind and body or the union of body and breath. Yoga was developed up to 5,000 years ago in India as a comprehensive system for wellbeing on all levels: physical, mental, emotional and spiritual. Yoga is now equated with Hatha Yoga, a system of postures and breathing techniques, but is only part of the overall discipline of Yoga. Today people use the system of Hatha yoga to raise their quality of life in such diverse areas as fitness, stress relief, wellness, vitality, mental clarity, healing, peace of mind and spiritual growth. The physical postures of yoga are used as a complete exercise program to alleviate health problems, reduce stress and made the spine supple.
This class is an integration of Asanas (Postures) from several disciplines of Yoga and my personal yoga practice. The focus is on proper alignment, awareness through movement and breathing. While challenging, every posture is adaptable, and it is encouraged always to be mindful of your own body's limitations. There is a short meditation at the end of each class. This class is currently only offered in English. Class is offered on Thursdays at 19:30, Saturdays at 9am or as a Solo.


The Salomon Sonic RA is a very strong debut model that delivers a good combination of comfort and performance. The midsole geometry and material construction provide a smooth ride and impressive energy return. There are no significant drawbacks to this shoe as a dependable everyday trainer.
Length of the Salomon Sonic RA are a good match to size, and the width through the forefoot and toe box will a pleasant surprise to runners who usually find Salomon's lasts too narrow. The forefoot is relatively roomy, with some excess space in the arch and midfoot areas. Adjustability through the midfoot is easy with a six-loop traditional lacing system, and the laces hold their tension well once secured. A thin TPU integrated cage system anchors the laces into the midfoot very securely and distributes pressure evenly through the midfoot.
Comfort through the uppers and underfoot of the Salomon Sonic RA is excellent. Uppers are constructed with SensiFIT, a thin woven mesh-like material that is breathable in warm conditions and dries quickly when wet. Padding around the heel collar is minimal aside from more prominent areas on either side of the Achilles. Our first miles out of the box had some stiffness through the uppers, particularly in the rearfoot, but they softened up and became nice and flexible after our first few runs. We ultimately found no areas of irritation with high mileage running.
The Salomon Sonic RA initially has a firm landing feel, but the Energycell+ midsole compound delivers strong energy return and a high level of spring. Our testers were very pleased with the energy return on impact and the feeling of propulsion at toe-off. Additionally, Salomon's Vibe technology positions TPP (Thermoplastic Polyproylene) material between the midsole and insole; this is a softer density material that is used to reduce vibration as well as lateral movement. It also provides a bit of bounce, but not quite as much as a firmer TPU layer like the Adidas Boost or Saucony's EVERun material.
Salomon uses Geometric Decoupling in all of its Sonic models, which splits the shoe into two parallel platforms of support, with a deep longitudinal groove between them. Distinctions in the three RA models are largely due to this decoupling arrangement: the race model Sonic RA Pro shifts the groove line medially for a faster transition, while the stable Sonic RA Max has a wider and more stable medial platform. As the midrange option, the Sonic RA has a nice balance of load distribution and a smooth transition from heel to toe. Below the midsole, Salomon's Wet Traction Contragrip rubber provided strong traction on every surface we tested, in wet and dry conditions.
With a smooth, lightweight feel and energetic midsole performance, it's easy to maintain a fast pace in the Salomon RA. They're not specifically built for road racing, but they can easily handle long track workouts and speed intervals on the road.
Great road feel and overall comfort encourages many miles of strong running.


text:
package com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.checks.usage;

import com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.BaseCheckTestCase;
import com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.DefaultConfiguration;

public class OneMethodPrivateFieldCheckTest
    extends BaseCheckTestCase
{
    public void testDefault() throws Exception
    {
        final DefaultConfiguration checkConfig =
            createCheckConfig(OneMethodPrivateFieldCheck.class);
        final String[] expected = {
            "6:24: Field 'SFIELD0' is used in only one method.",
            "7:24: Field 'SFIELD1' is used in only one method.",
            "8:24: Field 'SFIELD2' is used in only one method.",
            "9:24: Field 'SFIELD3' is used in only one method.",
            "11:17: Field 'mField0' is used in only one method.",
            "12:17: Field 'mField1' is used in only one method.",
            "13:17: Field 'mField2' is used in only one method.",
            "47:17: Field 'mField0' is used in only one method.",
            "48:17: Field 'mField1' is used in only one method.",
            "49:17: Field 'mField2' is used in only one method.",
            "105:19: Field 'mField' is used in only one method.",
        };
        verify(checkConfig, getPath("usage/InputOneMethodPrivateField.java"), expected);
    }

    public void testIgnoreFormat() throws Exception
        {
            final DefaultConfiguration checkConfig =
                createCheckConfig(OneMethodPrivateFieldCheck.class);
            checkConfig.addAttribute("ignoreFormat", "2$");
            final String[] expected = {
                "6:24: Field 'SFIELD0' is used in only one method.",
                "7:24: Field 'SFIELD1' is used in only one method.",
                "9:24: Field 'SFIELD3' is used in only one method.",
                "11:17: Field 'mField0' is used in only one method.",
                "12:17: Field 'mField1' is used in only one method.",
                "47:17: Field 'mField0' is used in only one method.",
                "48:17: Field 'mField1' is used in only one method.",
                "105:19: Field 'mField' is used in only one method.",
             };
            verify(checkConfig, getPath("usage/InputOneMethodPrivateField.java"), expected);
        }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
U.S. sets $12M reward for 2 Iran-based al Qaeda
October 18, 2012 / 4:30 PM / AP
WASHINGTON The Obama administration has offered up to $12 million in rewards for information leading to the location of two Iran-based al Qaeda leaders.
The U.S. says they are key facilitators in sending extremists to Iraq and Afghanistan.
The State Department says it will provide up to $7 million for information on Muhsin al-Fadhli and $5 million for information on Adel Radi Saqr al-Wahabi al-Harbi.
U.S. court throws out terrorism conviction of former driver for Osama bin Laden
Al Qaeda head urges holy war over anti-Islam film
Al Qaeda in Iraq claims it smuggled weapons into Tikrit prison for brazen jailbreak
The announcement Thursday coincided with new Treasury Department penalties against al-Harbi. Any assets he holds in the U.S. are now blocked and Americans are banned from doing business with him. Al-Fadhli is already subject to such restrictions.
First published on October 18, 2012 / 4:30 PM

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


In accomplishing the work to be done, like when to do some construction use the appropriate tools. When the project is done by you at personal level there are benefits like saving of the money and also setting of the new skills in the process of doing so.When you plan for a DIY project you need understand how the project needs to start. It is difficult to do the project when you lack the experience of the area where to carry out the project and also acquiring the right piece of advice and also the materials to be used be the right ones.It is all that easy when you use the right materials and also assistance.When doing the project use the following online tools.
Any project to be done it needs to involve some bit of calculations also measurements and also conversions.The project will be hard to be done if one does not know how to go about the calculations and conversions.For instance during building and also calculating at the same time measuring you can use the web based type of calculator as well as conversion utilities the job can be well done. However, if your project involves writing of the new room in your house getting calculators helps you in determining the resistance and also the surface current.It is important to use the calculator that is useful to utilize this online tool when conducting the DIY project.
When using the smart device keep on tracking the tools and also improve the tools.When the butteries are drained and misplaced it makes it hard to carry out the project.Combining of the internet and also the wireless connectivity as well as other features to the device in a way for them to fix all the problems is done by improvement makers.Different tools can be used to manage the project.


Think of it as progress.
Using smart resources and solutions, GSP will be renovated with long-term sustainability in mind.
The sun's energy will be used to heat water for hand washing in restrooms and concessions. There will be a backup water heater.
Rain water will be collected for non-potable use to reduce reliance on the city water system.
GSP will source products and materials found within the region.
Increase the size and number of windows to allow more natural lighting resulting in a reduction in electrical requirements.
Proximity detection systems designed to automatically shut off lights if no movement is detected.


text:
Lane closures planned as Hawaiian Electric replaces 11 poles in Wahiawa
Posted: Oct 15, 2018 / 03:36 PM HST / Updated: Oct 15, 2018 / 03:37 PM HST
Hawaiian Electric Company crews will be replacing 11 utility poles and overhead power lines along Walker Avenue in Wahiawa from Oct. 16 through Oct. 29, excluding weekends, to improve the distribution system in the area.
The work will require lane closures in the immediate work areas from 8:30 a.m. to 3 p.m.
There will also be two overnight work periods on the evenings of Oct. 24 and Oct. 25. Traffic will be contraflowed in the work areas.
Crews will start the work at the Wahiawa Freshwater State Recreation Area, progress along Walker Avenue, and complete the work past the Olive Avenue intersection.
The daytime schedule along Walker Avenue will be:
Oct. 16 and Oct. 17, near the state recreation area
Oct. 18, from the state recreation area to Olive Avenue
Oct. 19, from Avocado Street to Olive Avenue
Oct. 22, from the state recreation area to Avocado Street
Oct. 23 and Oct. 24, from Avocado Street to Olive Avenue
Oct. 29, at the intersection of Walker Avenue and Olive Avenue
The evening schedule will be:
Oct. 24 8 p.m.–4 a.m. Oct. 25, on Walker Avenue from Avocado Street to Olive Avenue
Oct. 25 10 p.m.–5 a.m. Oct. 26, at the intersection of Walker Avenue and Olive Avenue
The lane closures will be marked with traffic signs and cones.
Special-duty police officers and flagmen will help direct traffic.
HONOLULU (KHON2) -- Firefighters extinguished a two-alarm building fire on January 16, around 2:31 p.m. according to the Honolulu Fire Department.
Heavy smoke could be seen coming from the mauka side of the apartment building on Makiki just after 2 p.m.
Washington man accused of sexually abusing a minor on Hickam Air Force Base indicted
HONOLULU (KHON2) -- A Washington man was indicted Thursday, January 16, in connection to an aggravated sexual abuse case of a minor under the age of 12.
The man was identified as 37-year-old Shawn Wilcher of Tacoma, Washington who was accused of sexually abusing a child at Hickam Air Force Base.
Man accused of trying to rob 53-year-old woman arrested
HONOLULU (KHON2) -- Police arrested a 23-year-old man in connection to a robbery in the Waikiki area on Jan. 15 around 3:50 p.m.
According to the Honolulu Police Department, the suspect tried to take the property of a 53-year-old woman with force but was not successful.
Weather Blog / 2 hours ago


When you gain control of Kara, you'll have to enter the bus terminal and get on the bus towards the US-Canada border. However, the guards there will announce that nobody can get onto the bus without tickets. You'll have to move around the terminal without getting stopped by the guards patrolling the crowd. Keep moving around and avoid the path of the guards and make your way deeper into the crowd.
Make your way to forward and to the left, where you'll find a mother with her baby on a bench (behind a television monitor). Speak to the mother to start a dialogue with her, which will cause her husband to come to get her and drop a bus ticket. Hit the prompt to pick it up.
Eventually, the mother and husband will come back looking for the ticket and ask you if you had seen it. You'll have a choice to return the ticket or keep it. Hit the option to KEEP THE TICKET twice when asked. The two of them will search for it desperately before sitting down.
NOTE: You MUST keep the ticket at this point in order to get the Good Ending to the game. If you decide to return the ticket to the mother, you'll be made to take a path that will eventually kill a character later on and prevent you from earning the best ending. Keep the ticket, otherwise you'll have to replay this entire section.
With the ticket in hand, walk up to the guard infront of the gate and give him the tickets. He'll let Kara, Alice, and Luthor pass onto the bus. When you get to the bus door, Alice will ask about the couple. Pick the choice to REASSURE and you'll see a cutscene play out.
After the scene from before fades out, things will shift over to Marcus with the rest of the Jericho survivors. When you can move again, you'll have to walk up to the car and use it to complete the barricade. Hit the prompts to push the car and a short scene will play before you reenter the barricade. Walk around the camp and speak to each of the people inside. You can talk to Simon, Josh, and some of the survivors on the ground.
As you move, you can light the garbage cans on fire, which will converge some of the androids together near them. In addition, you can walk up to the flag and plant it on the side of the barricade, which will increase your public opinion.
Marcus can also go to the equipment on the ground near the center and post a digital message to the human journalist in the distance, pick a peaceful message to display when you do so and the public opinion will further increase. Next walk over to North and speak to her.
You'll be given a choice of dialogue when speaking to North, mainly about the other survivors that were lost. When you're given a second choice, pick the option REGRETS and you'll see more dialogue between North and Marcus play out.
After the conversation finishes, you can walk around some more before North calls you over to the side of the barricade. The FBI agent will show up and call for Marcus to come to meet him.
When given the option to meet him or not, choose to ACCEPT his call and Marcus will walk out to talk with him. During the conversation here, Marcus will have a few more choices to make, which give options about standing off against the SWAT or surrendering to save his people. Pick the options OTHER DEMONSTRATIONS, NOT AFRAID, and REFUSE DEAL during this conversation.
NOTE: If you accept the deal from the FBI Agent, you won't be able to get the Good Ending. You have to refuse the deal you're offered, no matter what the FBI agent tells Marcus.
After you refuse the deal, Marcus will return back to the barricade and speak to everyone there. A grenade will be thrown and knock him down. After this scene, the perspective then shifts over to Connor back at the CyberLife Tower.


text:
中文版 | Contact Us
Laser Spectroscopy Laboratory of Shanxi University is the academic research institution of College of Physical Electronics Engineering and at the same time is part of State Key Laboratory of quantum optics and Quantum optics devices. Our main research direction are ultracold atomic and molecular physics, laser physics and single-molecule spectroscopy and applications.
We have engaged in the researches about the interactions of the laser and atoms/molecules, high-resolution laser spectroscopy and quantum optics. We did our best to foster a dynamic and sta...
The research of the molecular cooling and the non-linear optical effect of the ultra-cold molecules play an important role in the study of quantum information, molecular physics and molecular chemistry. Currently, we have built a brand new setup that aims at the preparation of Cs Quantum gas ranging in the sub-μK, with which we will explore the production of ultracold ground state molecules, molecular BEC and the related quantum storage & quantum information reseaches.
Our group main focuses on single molecular optical dynamic between optics and single molecule interactions, the electronic coherence, time-resolved spectroscopy and single pulse Mandel parameter of single molecule. Those experiments can provide theoretical basis and experimental data for quantum comuputation and quantum information processing by using single molecule. Quantum key system based on single photon source, completeing the quantum key distribution by single molecule polarization or phase modulation and demodulation, is also of our interest.
It has been roughly three decades since laser cooling techniques produced ultracold atoms, leading to rapid advances in a wide array of fields. Until recently, laser cooling had not been extended to molecules because of their complex internal structure, which precludes the realization of a true optical cycling transition. However, this complexity makes molecules potentially useful for a wide range of applications. For example, heteronuclear molecules possess permanent electric dipole moments that lead to long-range, tunable, anisotropic dipole–dipole interactions.
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text:
Local Search Site Search
Today's Globe
THIS STORY HAS BEEN FORMATTED FOR EASY PRINTING
You've been laid off; here's what to do next
By Todd Wallack
Globe Staff / November 16, 2008
Email|
Single Page|
Text size – +
So, you just lost your job. Now what?
Matthew Christopher, 32, of Marion, said he was stunned when he was laid off last month from his job as a project manager at a construction company - even though the industry has been hit hard by the credit crunch and worsening recession.
"I was totally taken by surprise," said Christopher, who is collecting unemployment compensation and serving in the National Guard. "Everything was going great."
Christopher said he's talked to headhunters, asked friends about possible jobs, blasted out resumes, and considered changing careers or working for a construction company in Iraq, where he served as an Army captain.
And so far, he's staying positive. "Even though one door is shut, there are many other possibilities," he said.
If you are laid off, it's understandable you might feel angry, frustrated, and confused. But there are practical things you can do to land back on your feet. Here are seven places to start:
1) Ask about severance benefits. Find out if you can get extra money, outplacement assistance, or other benefits from your old employer. Maybe you can keep your laptop; it doesn't hurt to ask. And be sure you're reimbursed for outstanding vacation days and expenses, or other money you are owed. Above all, don't burn any bridges. Your former colleagues may help you find your next job.
2) Apply for unemployment assistance. Sign up right away to avoid losing any benefits. Currently, you can receive a maximum of $628 per week, for up to 39 weeks.
You can apply over the phone at 877-626-6800 (if calling from area codes 351, 413, 508, 774, or 978) or 617-626-6800 (from elsewhere in Massachusetts).
Or apply in person at 37 career centers around the state. The centers, listed at www.mass.gov/careercenters, also offer career counseling and job search assistance.
3) Look into health insurance. With certain exceptions, you have the right under federal law to keep your health insurance when you leave a job - but it can be expensive. You have 60 days to decide - and you can sign up retroactively - so check out other options. If you have a spouse with health insurance, it may be easiest to join that plan. Other plans are at www.mahealthconnector.org. You may also qualify for the Medical Security Program (800-908-8801).
4) Scrutinize your finances. Review your bills. Consider cutting discretionary expenses, such as cable TV services, or dining out. Try earning extra income by taking a temporary job or doing contract work. For other government benefits, go to www.mass.gov and click on the green button marked "Need Help."
5) Tally your debt. Make sure you can pay all your bills. If you have a student loan, you can usually defer payments while you're unemployed; ask your lender. But if you are drowning in other debt, you may want to ask a credit counseling firm to help negotiate a payment plan. You might start with the Association of Independent Consumer Credit Counseling Agencies (www.aiccca.org or 866-703-8787) or the National Foundation for Credit Counseling (www.nfcc.org or 800-388-2227). If you're deep in debt, you may need a bankruptcy attorney. The Massachusetts Bar Association can make referrals at 866-627-7577.
6) Don't touch your retirement funds. Avoid tapping into your 401(k) account if you can. Otherwise you'll get hit with income taxes and, in most cases, a 10 percent tax penalty. Plus, you'll need that money in retirement. Instead, see if you can keep your old 401(k) account or do a "direct rollover" into an IRA account.
7) Network. Ask everyone you know about possible job opportunities. Contact companies you're interested in working for. Tap into college alumni networks. Consider using social networking websites like LinkedIn or Facebook. In a tight economy, blindly sending out resumes may not be enough.
Todd Wallack can be reached at twallack@globe.com.
(istockphoto)
Q&A Mass. unemployment chat transcript
Job seekers find 'an abyss'
Getting by on too little work
Gallery Adapt to the job market in a down economy
Photos Recent major layoffs in Massachusetts
Advice Laid off? Make your job search a business plan
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text:
Local Podcasts
Good Money Moves
Rochester Real Estate Talk Show
Rochester Today
Kim David
Tom Ostrom
Gordon Deal
Jim Bohannon
KROC News Flash Briefing
Rochester Resources
City of Rochester
Olmsted County Resources
History Center of Olmsted County
Minnesota Veterans & Emergency Services Museum
Minnesota Lottery
Power of Learning with Jim Walters
Substance Abuse Hotline
On-Air Hosts Contact Info
The Mike Gallagher ShowThe Mike Gallagher Show
You Probably Don't Know How the Zumbro River Got Its Name
Curt St. John
CSJ/TSM-Rochester
The mighty Zumbro River winds its way through downtown Rochester and across much of southeast Minnesota. But the story of how it got its name is kind of embarrassing.
I'm fascinated by local history, so I've always been curious about the name 'Zumbro,' and what its meaning originally was. And as it turns out, the Zumbro River's name dates back to well before Rochester appeared on the map.
According to the Minnesota Historical Society, the river we know as the Zumbro today wasn't initially known by that now-familiar name. But like many things in the Land of 10,000 Lakes, French explorers and trappers are responsible for the Zumbro's name.
The story says the Zumbro was originally called "'Riviere des Embarrass,' from the word, 'embarrasser,' which means obstruction or difficulty." The story noted that it came to be called that because back then, (and even today, in some places) the Zumbro was filled with shallows and snags that could quickly capsize a trader's canoe. And back then, like now, that would be pretty embarrassing.
Of course, over the years, the French pronunciation for 'des Embarrass,' (which would be something like "deh-ZUM-BEHRRR-OSS," the story said) was rounded off and shortened until it sounded much more like the current title of Zumbro.
The story doesn't say when it officially became known as the Zumbro River, but that's at least the backstory and origin of how our familiar Minnesota river acquired its unique name-- even if it was kind of embarrassing.
Speaking of Minnesota names, how many of these 15 tough-to-pronounce names do you know how to say? Keep scrolling to find out!
Listen to Curt St. John from 6 to 10 a.m. on Quick Country 96.5
and from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. on 103.9 The Doc
Source: You Probably Don't Know How the Zumbro River Got Its Name
Filed Under: history, Minnesota, Zumbro River
CORONAVIRUS: Latest Local & State Infoi
2021 News Talk 1340 KROC-AM, Townsquare Media, Inc. All rights reserved.


text:
Town's care trusts launch new website
A NEW website has been launched by the two Primary Care Trusts in Huddersfield.
The site has more than 130 pages and includes a whole host of information, including:
* How to find local NHS services, including GPs, Pharmacists, and optometrists.
* Information about the two Primary Care Trusts.
* How to stay fit and healthy.
* Job opportunities, including latest vacancies.
* How members of the public can get involved.
* Details of any public consultations.
* Links to other health-related websites.
Visitors to the site can download a range of publications including, the Annual Report, Local Guide to Health Services, as well as find the latest on the PCTs and dates and minutes of Board meetings.
The website has been designed so that it's as easy to navigate and find information as possible.
It is also compliant with the highest level of Web Accessibility Standards and is therefore accessible for those with visual impairments.
The new website site brings together the two former websites of South Huddersfield PCT and Huddersfield Central PCT.
Kevin Holder, Chief Executive of the two Huddersfield Primary Care Trust, said: "The internet is a well established communication channel and is a good way of providing useful and up to date information to our patients, partners and the public."
The website address is www.huddersfield-pcts.nhs.uk
North Yorkshire PoliceYorkshire police force wants more powers to crack down on Covid rule breakersNorth Yorkshire Police have seen rules broken 'left, right and centre'


My mom always got up before the sun. In fact, I can't remember a single day as a kid that I went downstairs to find mom still in bed. Most days, she'd been up for hours. By the time I bellied up to the kitchen island for my bowl of cereal, she'd already read her Bible, unloaded the dishwasher, folded two loads of clothes, sent three emails, played a game of Spider Solitaire, mentally planned her next home project, and downed four cups of coffee.


WASHINGTON - The American Forest & Paper Association released its September 2017 U.S. Packaging Papers & Specialty Packaging Monthly report on October 17.
Total Packaging Papers shipments were 222,200 tons, 3.4% lower than September 2016. Bag & Sack shipments were up 3.8% year-to-date, while Food Wrapping shipments were down 7.8% over the same period. The operating rate for September 2017 was 87.9%, while the year-to-date rate was 88.7%. Inventories were 168,300 tons, down slightly since August.
The complete report with detailed tables, charts, and historical data can be purchased by contacting Statistics_Publications@afandpa.org.


text:
Breaking: Update On The Future Of Chelsea's Loan Army; What Will Happen Now?
Most of Chelsea's loaned players were called back to the main squad as the Blues are enduring a transfer ban for the entire year but this has left the loan army slightly thinner than what it initially was. But this is a great chance for those out on loan to grab their opportunities to showcase their talents to the remainder of the world.
Frank Lampard did not have an easy start to his job as the first thing that he had to incur was the loss of Belgian playmaker Eden Hazard. The 28-year-old winger was keen on making his move to the Santiago Bernabeu to join the Los Blancos Real Madrid this summer and Hazard made the switch to the Spanish capital as Chelsea lost arguably one of their best players to ever grace the club. Lampard then inherited the team from Maurizio Sarri after the Italian returned back to his native. The 41-year-old former English midfielder spent just one season in coaching with Championship club Derby County and almost guided the Rams to Premier League promotion.
Along with the loss of Hazard and Sarri, Lampard was unable to purchase any players in the summer transfer window because Chelsea suffered a transfer ban which means that they will be unable to sign any players for two transfer windows. The main reason for Chelsea to endure their transfer ban was the fact that they sent out way too many young players out on loan and that was illegal.
Because of the transfer ban, most of the Chelsea players out on loan were brought back to the club to fill in the void for the new players that could not arrive. Tammy Abraham, Mason Mount, and Kurt Zouma were the three players that earned first-team roles but their return to Stamford Bridge has made the loan army look a bit thinner for certain.
However, that still means that a few players out on loan have the chance to prove their worth and showcase their talents to the world. One player that is grabbing the opportunity with both hands is Conor Gallagher as the young attacker is on loan at Charlton Athletic on loan from Chelsea.
Gallagher came on as a substitute in the first game of the season and has gone onto to start the last three for the Championship club and they are doing quite well in England's second tier of football. The 19-year-old has cemented himself in Lee Bower's first team and looks set to become one of his key players throughout the season. This would be a great spell for Gallagher as he can earn some precious first-team football at a senior level and return to Chelsea as a player that Lampard can count upon. The Championship is relentless and the teenage midfielder will be tested to the limit during the winter spell.
Even the players that came back from loan at Chelsea are firing under Lampard and the 41-year-old still has a lot to look forward to with his players that are away from the club.
Conor Gallagher
Lampard
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Memorial Day and Flag Day are commemorative occasions just ripe for a poet. While many are addicted to Open Mic nights, these public ceremonies will stretch any writer's abilities.
keep to the 4 Requirements of Song.
3] manipulate structure to stand out. Poets who do so can provide copies of their poems to participants. It's like free publicity. "All politics is local", 1930's newspapermen said, and word-of-mouth is the best marketing.
Also in the 5/5 blog, is a brief mention of the inaugural poems of Maya Angelou and Robert Frost. She gives us a poem as sprawling as American cities while his "The Gift Outright" is tightly focused and structured. For the audience, this is the difference between a 30-minute speech and a 5-minute one.
It's the Gettysburg Address that we know and love, not the hour-long speech that preceded it.
Craft the poem well, and it gains power to reach into the ages.
Memorial Day is when we recognize and thank the sacrifice of those who died for the freedoms we may not deserve. Brooke gives us a sonnet unannounced.
The opening octet presents to us the loss, ending with the sadly ironic "suns of home" for England's dead sons buried away from home.
The sestet presents the gain and the reason for the sacrifice.
Death arouses emotion, but Brooke asks us to THINK. In each stanza, he reminds us of the purpose.
Brooke himself died in WWI. The Great War to end all wars, they called it. And it was not and never will be, as long as human nature is what it is.
Like Brooke, Brooks writes another sonnet, yet hers is also a ballad. The ballad has the three subject matters of love, betrayal, and death. What is more appropriate for a poem exhibiting the grief of those on the homefront?
As the speaker mourns her soldier gone, she reminds of the sacrifices of those on the home front, feeling betrayed by the death of their beloved.
Particular phrases that haunt us, as the speaker is haunted by her loss, are "my lover's tallness" and "an empty heart-cup", the knowledge that her lover had to "court / Coquettish death", and the powerful opening and closing with the same line, an obsessive repetition of grief.
With "Grass", Sandburg is experimenting with poetic line.
Austerlitz, Waterloo, Gettysburg, Ypres, and Verdun:: important battlefields of the past. Ground on which lay slaughtered soldiers. Carcasses piled high until burial. Death strips away humanity, and the very indifference of the grass only increases the horror.
Just as the veterans who survive are horrified by those of us who do not understand the sacrifices that freedom requires.
Of these three poems, "Grass" reads the most naturally. Standing at a podium, the natural flow of words is extremely important.
We must never forget that art is not a form of propaganda; it is a form of truth. ~` John F. Kennedy.
On the 15th of June we look at poems for the occasion of Father's Day. Join us.


Why Finding the Best Source for Music Streaming and Downloading is Beneficial If you are a person who loves music, you are certainly like many others, and you might feel that music has the ability to fit all of your diverse and changing moods. One will be glad to know that in the modern world of today, because of the evolution of modern technology, it is much easier to enjoy different kinds of music than it was in the past. One can, for instance, find a good source online, a good website through which he or she can enjoy streaming music, or even downloading it onto his or her mobile device. Finding the best source of music streaming and downloading, then, is definitely something that you should do because when you do so, you can be sure that through it, you will be able to gain a lot of wonderful benefits. When one is able to find the best source of music streaming and downloading, he or she will be able to benefit, first of all, because a lot of different songs and music can be found there. People might have their own favorite genres, but they might also love other songs that fit their other moods. One will be glad to know that when he or she is able to find the best source of music streaming and downloading, it will be possible to find there so many different types of music, meaning that he or she can explore and enjoy without limit. When one is able to find the best source of music streaming and downloading, he or she will also be able to benefit because it will be easy to use. If you are not very used to modern technology, you might not want exactly to try new things, worrying that you might end up confused because of these things. One will be glad to know that when he or she is able to find the best source of music streaming and downloading, it will be possible to learn how to use it with much ease.
When one is able to find the best source of music streaming and downloading, he or she will also benefit because it will be possible to find all of the latest releases there. You can be sure, then, that your playlist is sure to stay up to date, which is definitely something which will give you a lot of satisfaction to enjoy, as you will be able to listen to all of the latest songs.
Finding the best source of music streaming and downloading, then, is definitely something that you, as a music lover, should do, as when you do so, you can be sure that you will get to enjoy many wonderful benefits.


Although the title is Rainbow fish the information here will generally apply to four different families, except for their distribution they all have so much in common that they will be described together. Ongoing research will determine their final classification. Rainbow fish belong to the family Melanotaenia, the blue eyed rainbows to the family Pseudomuglidae, the Rice fish to the family Orziatidae and the Silversides to the family Atherinidae. These four families are found mostly in the Indo Pacific area mainly in Australia, New Guinea and Indonesia. Sporadic examples can be found in the far east.
All members of these families have elongated bodies with mostly flattened sides. They can have magnificent colors that rival many Marine fish, but generally only show when fully mature or in breeding. Older Rainbow males tend to develop a hump or high backed bodies.
All of these fish are schooling and do not well or show off their best colors if kept singly. Your tank should include at least six individuals from the species. The tank can be well planted along the back and sides, but leave plenty of open area as these fish are lively swimmers and require lots of swimming room. Use drift wood and bog roots only sparingly as they tend to Acidify the water. A good plant to use is the Java moss as it is native to the region and can also serve as a spawning medium.
With a few exceptions all these fish like medium hard to hard water and the pH on the Alkaline side of neutral. Good water quality is a must and as the quality decreases the coloration on the fish tend to fade and get washed out.
Members of these families are always interesting to watch. Their "busy" habit means they are always on the move and can provide hours of enjoyment. They are sometimes called "children of the morning sun" because the males prefer to perform their courtship displays in the mornings.
From Roan, the webmaster of Bowheads a site dedicated to the rainbows.
"Rainbowfish can be very aggressive to other rainbowfish. Although I used to consider bows to be community fish, experience has taught me otherwise. How they act will depend on where they have been sourced, as well as individual personality. Bows that are true to their wild genotypes are definitely not community fish."
Often stated as being a good community fish, I would follow the above advise from a very experienced hobbyist.
The fish from the four families are long term spawners which mean they will lay their eggs over a period of time. Depositing a few eggs every day during their courtship cycle. The Java moss acts as a repository for the eggs or you can use what's known as spawning mops that can easily be removed for hatching away from the parents. Parents should not be kept with eggs. They will eat them. Move the mop or the parents into another tank. Rainbowfish fry are very sensitive and should never been moved until they are 2 months old (8 weeks). The parents will also eat them. They are also far too small to eat crushed flakes They need infusoria and/or vinegar eels for up to 2 weeks (species dependent) before they can be fed baby brine shrimp or microworms.


Are you wanting to pass your Basic Appraisal Procedures Exam?
If so, you're in the right place. If you aren't then you may way not want to waste the next 5 minutes of your life!
Before we get started, let me plug my study resource, Appraisal Procedure Test Questions .
It's under $20 bucks and comes with our 100% pass guarantee. Small price to pay for all the surveying we do to collect data for this exam.
Inside our exclusive member area, you'll find a ton of the actual exam questions such as these. Here is an example of one of the harder questions you will see.
This is a sample question for the basic appraisal procedures test.
However, most of the appraisal test questions are much easier, like this one.
So far in 2018, we've surveyed over 100 students who have taken this exam. Out of those who did not use a third party study guide, 60% passed the test.
I've got a ton of sample questions here that come from people who have already taken the test. We have questions that are almost exactly what you will see on the exam. Pass our test, pass the exam. It's that simple.
Ok guys, so back to the freebies info regarding Appraisal Procedures. It doesn't matter what sort of appraiser you want to be.
Commerical real estate appraiser? Gotta have it. Residential real estate appraiser? Gotta have it. It's a necessity for getting your trainee license.
Basic Appraisal Procedures is different than Basic Appraisal Principles. Hopefully you paid attention in class to know what these differences are, but if not, let me throw you a list of what is going to be on the exam.
Now open up, I'm about to pour a lot of free information down your throat.
• There are six procedures for analyzing land or site value. Know what they are and how to use them.
• There are eight steps in the valuation process. Know them.
• Analyze sales so you're picking out the best comparable properties.
• Be able to list the types of reports used to communicate the appraisal results.
I can hear you moaning already. "But I want to see more questions that will be on the test!". Fine, you lazy millennial. Here are a few questions that are on our website, our Appraisal Exam Questions that are the exact same or similar to what you will see on the test.
Exam Question #1 Who determines who the intended users will be?
Exam Question #2 What are the four criteria to determine a property's highest and best use?
Answer – Legally Permissible, Physically Possible, Financially Feasible and Maximally Productive.
Exam Question #3 What are the three approaches used in valuing improved properties?
Free Exam Appraisal Test Question #4 :The conversion of income into value is called what?
Whoa! You just received six appraisal test exam questions for free. Consider getting the rest of the goods here to keep supporting our work.
Good luck on your test my e-friends!
I'm sure you will crush it.
Do you offer online study guides?


TB remains one of the world's major killer diseases, causing TB disease in 9.6 million people and 1.5 million deaths in 2014. The only available vaccine, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), works well (estimated 50% effective) to prevent severe disease in children but is very variable (0% to 80% effective) in how well it protects against lung disease, particularly in countries where TB is most common.
Professor McShane said: 'These are useful results which ideally would now be confirmed in further trials. They show that antigen-specific T cells are important in protection against TB, but that activated T cells increase the risk".
Dr Helen Fletcher from the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, said: "For the first time we have some evidence of how BCG might work, and also what could block it from working. Although there is still much work to do, these findings may bring us a step closer to developing a more effective vaccine for TB."


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Veronica Mars: First Impressions + S1E1 (Pilot) Reactions
Both of us (here at Nerdlyweds) have seen Veronica Mars in its entirety (one of us *coughmrsnerdlycough* has even seen it some four odd times). Still, with the much-anticipated Veronica Mars movie mere months away, we thought it only appropriate that we take another look at the series via Nerdy Minds' Series Rewatch so that we're prepared to understand every small reference in the movie (plus, the show rocks). We'll share some of our thoughts (Mr. Nerdly in red and Mrs. Nerdly in purple) and then invite you to share your thoughts in the comments. Now, let's get going!
The first time I saw the series premiere of Veronica Mars, I was not sold on the show, and that's putting it lightly. I thought it sounded too scripted, the characters weren't likable or relatable, and the plot was so-so at best. It wasn't until the third episode that I was really hooked. This time around, though – possibly because I knew what was coming – I was hooked from the start. I already knew these characters, and even though I knew where they would end up, I was interested in watching them get there. I won't spoil anything in case you haven't seen the series yet, but suffice it to say that all of the characters change pretty dramatically over the course of two and a half seasons. Watching the series premier for the second time was interesting because it reminded me of why I didn't like the show to begin with. To be fair, Wallace and maybe Veronica aside, none of the characters are particularly likable. Even Keith Mars, who comes off as such a kind and caring father, has his moments. The plot, though, is amazing. I can't figure out why I wasn't drawn to this the first time I saw it. It's funny, clever, and incredibly well thought out. I can only imagine what the storyboard for this must have looked like, making sure that all of the pieces lined up and there were no loose ends. The first time, Mrs. Nerdly had to beg me to keep watching. Now I can't wait to see the next episode.
The first episode I saw of Veronica Mars was the episode in the 3rd season where V goes undercover at the sorority party. Confession time. I didn't dig it. I didn't finish the episode, and I wrote it off entirely. It was only after watching my beloved Buffy the Vampire Slayer for the 2nd time that I began to expand my horizons. I finally gave into the hype of "Veronica Mars is so much like Buffy, less the supernatural" and gave it another try in attempts to satiate my Buffy craving. Starting from the beginning was a much better idea. Suffice it to say, I now whole-heartedly agree with Kevin Smith and Joss Whedon: Veronica Mars is… the sh*t. And here on my [insert ridiculous number of times to watch a series start to finish here] time watching the (extended) pilot, nothing's changed.
Joss Whedon guest stars on Veronica Mars
Aggressive 1st Episode Reaction Time (all reactions are based solely upon the first episode, attempting not to let future events/discoveries affect them):
WTF, Keith Mars? Way to lie to your daughter who chose to stick with you through your pursuit of her dead best friend's grieving father as the murderer even after the confessed killer was behind bars. Also. WTF, Leanne Mars? Way to abandon your family only to be in the same town sleeping with the man who is more or less the reason your (ex) husband is no longer Sheriff and your beloved daughter is hung out to dry for standing with her family…unlike some people. *coughLeanneMarscough* And… Long live Sheriff Lamb! Psych. Screw that douche canoe. Why don't you go see the Wizard, Lamb? Maybe ask him for some not being a douche.
In all seriousness, though, yes, we understand that Keith is just trying to protect Veronica. Keith knows at least as well as anyone else that the Lilly Kane murder was messy and that the mess continues even a year later. Maybe he's not handling the situation in what we would consider the best way, but a) he really is doing what he feels is the best thing and b) with a daughter like Veronica who is going to go snooping if she has the information regardless of what anyone tells her, this was the only way to keep her out of trouble.
Speaking of Veronica: This episode is chalk-full of backstory! Veronica Mars: 09'er-turned-outcast after best friend's murder, total commitment to family (even if they're wrong), virginity loss scenario unknown, mom who bolted leaving nothing but a unicorn music box… No wonder this girl is so cynical, and no wonder she has to super-sleuth her way to the bottom of everything… with so few answers on her very existence. Even the experts agree: a girl needs closure. Plus I think we can all agree that this new funny, sarcastic and sleuthy Veronica is much more watchable than pretty in pink 09'er Veronica.
The dichotomy of Weevil is pretty great, too. He's shown as this thug biker gang leader, and while that's him, he seems a little less mob boss when he's with Veronica. The obvious answer is "it's because she's a girl," but let's face it, Veronica does not act like the stereotypical high school girl. She's aggressive, headstrong and pretty stubborn to boot. Could there be more to this Weevil than he lets on?
And then there's Wallace. We saw him go from poor guy tied to a flag pole to a pretty solid sidekick in less than an hour. He seems just like Veronica's type, too. He's got attitude but in the best (most adorable) way possible. He's sarcastic but with a kind heart rather than making you want to gouge his eyes out with a fork.
We were introduced to several characters in this episode, and while we didn't get a whole lot of depth from anyone but Veronica, we wouldn't expect that from a series premiere. We look forward to seeing what the rest of the series holds for everyone (even though, metagaming-wise, we already know).
Your turn, Nerdy Minds. What did you think the first time you encountered Veronica Mars? Whole series aside, what did/do you think of the pilot? Sound off in the comments!
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64 Episodes. 64 Days. Veronica Mars Series Rewatch Leading Up to the Veronica Mars Movie Premiere + New Movie Poster ++ Veronica Mars Cosplay
Dick. A Veronica Mars Spinoff Series Featuring Original Veronica Mars Alumni
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"Nerd love is the best love." Nerdlyweds is a "geek-on-geek" duo living life in co-op: from 2-player gaming to couples cosplay and tag-team blogging. They host "Can't Stop the Serenity" every year at the Plaza Theatre in Atlanta on behalf of the Atlanta Browncoats. "We're married, and we're in love! ...with superheroes, with video games, with cosplay, with Joss Whedon... and yeah, okay, with each other."	View all posts by Nerdlyweds
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First Impression, Kristen Bell, marathon, Pilot, rewatch, S1E1, Series Premiere, Veronica Mars, Veronica Mars Movie
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DICK. The Veronica Mars Spinoff Series Featuring Original Veronica Mars Alumni
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Nintendo Celebrates 35 Years of Mario, Forgets People Like Mario
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Five Rays of Light in the Darkness of COVID-19
A Tribute to Allen Bellman, Iconic Captain America Artist


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Fissile Material Control: Reports
North Korea's Estimated Stocks of Plutonium and Weapon-Grade Uranium
David Albright and Christina Walrond August 16, 2012
ISIS President David Albright's Review of Mohamed ElBaradei's New Book October 13, 2011
Making the Grade 2000: Second Annual Review of Fissile Material Control Efforts
Kevin O'Neill, Deputy Director April 25, 2000
1999 Scorecard on Fissile Material Controls January 1, 2000
Answers to Frequently Asked Questions about the Fissile Material Cutoff Treaty September 4, 1998
Talks to begin on important nuclear non-proliferation, disarmament treaty August 11, 1998
Preventing a South Asian Arms Race
Kevin O'Neill, Deputy Director May 20, 1998
Conferences, Presentations & Testimonies


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Home Cricket Eng v Ind Logic of playing Suresh Raina ahead of Shreyas Iyer baffling
Eng v Ind
Logic of playing Suresh Raina ahead of Shreyas Iyer baffling
Pramod Ananth
Shreyas Iyer could have been a handy batsman for India at 4 or 5…..
Suresh Raina's inclusion in the Indian ODI team raised a few eyebrows. Before the England tour, he last played for India in 2015 and given the strength of this Indian team, one thought that his 50-over career is all but over. He was however handed a lifeline when Ambati Rayudu failed his fitness test and as a result, Raina was included. Did the fact that he did well in the 2014 series in England play a part? Perhaps. But India should not forget that they have enough depth and talent they could have looked beyond Raina in the XI. Shreyas Iyer, for example, could have been the apt choice.
India will surely have one eye on the World Cup and going by this someone like Shreyas should have gotten a hit in the ODI series. The Leeds ODI would have been the last opportunity to see Shreyas in action in England before the World Cup. With Manish Pandey not part of the squad and KL Rahul dropped from the third ODI, the Indian selectors have sent a mixed signal.
The good news is that most of the bench has been tested, but did the right players get a chance to play? Did players who are sure to make the World Cup squad get enough opportunities. In a three-match ODI series, chances for experimentation is very less. But one has to look at the bigger picture. Playing Raina for all three matches ahead of Shreyas or even ahead of Karthik, made little sense. The logic behind picking Raina was that he could also chip in with a few overs. He bowled 7 overs in the entire series and conceded runs at 6 an over, without picking up a single wicket. In other words, Raina bowled just 7 out of the 143-odd overs India bowled at England. That's just about 5-percent of the total overs. Raina bowled at an average of little over 2 overs per match and was included in the XI in all the matches just for this? A little hard to believe.
There was nothing great to talk about his batting too. He scored 47 runs from two innings at an average of 23.50. At Leeds, Raina fell right into England's trap and hit the ball to the leg slip fielder in the fourth ball he faced. This at a time India needed someone of his experience to build a solid partnership with MS Dhoni. But the 226 ODI veteran became the easiest of the England victims.
What India did right was to test out all their seamers, but did not give their batsmen a fair hit. Shreyas, a prolific scorer in the domestic circuit for Mumbai received his maiden India call-up as a cover for Virat Kohli in the Dharamsala Test against Australia last year. Although he did not make his debut in that match, he has gone on to play 6 ODIs and 6 T20Is for India. In his 5 ODI innings, he has recorded scores of 9, 88, 65, 18 and 30. Manish Pandey's form had dropped in the limited-overs and was hence not considered in the series. However, Shreyas, who one thought is more or less assured of a place in the world Cup next year, did not get a single chance to prove his credentials.
Shreyas led India A in the List A matches in England ahead of the ODI series and managed just 162 runs at 23.14 from 7 innings. He would have acclimatised himself to the conditions by the start of the ODI series and could have been a handy batsman for India at 4 or 5. India perhaps decided to play it safe by picking Raina. He is an experienced campaigner with a decent record in England. No doubt it was not a good move, but this experimentation should stop now.
The Leeds ODI should be Raina's last ODI match for India. However, if he fits in India's scheme of things in the T20I side, keeping the World T20 2020 in mind, he might be given a chance. However, it might be the right time to step aside even in that format and let the more consistent lot takeover the mantle. Bringing back Yuvraj Singh in the 50-over format turned out to be a disaster. If India keep persisting with Raina, it could be a similar case with him too.
India have the Asia Cup in UAE and then the tour of Australia to get their combinations right ahead of the World Cup. India have been among the first teams who had started to prepare a core team for the World Cup for a long time. They surely would not want things to go haywire at the last hurdle.
England v India 2018
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Pramod is a sports enthusiast and a keen observer of cricket, the contests, and its personalities. When not tracking cricket, he follows the world's football leagues and is somewhat partial towards Liverpool. He tweets @pramz.
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Q: Find the rank of $T^2$ Question: Let $\mathbb{C}^{11}$ is a vector space over $\mathbb{C}$ and $T:\mathbb{C}^{11}\to \mathbb{C}^{11}$ is a linear transformation. If dimension of Kernel $T=4$, dimension of Kernel $T^3=9$ and dimension of Kernel $T^4=11$. Then the dimension of Kernel $T^2=$............
Since $T$ is a linear operator, $T^2, T^3,T^4$ will also be linear operators and there will be matrices associated with these linear operators, say $[T]$ represents the matrix related to the linear operator $T$. By rank-nullity theorem, we get $rank(T)+nullity(T)=dim(\mathbb{C}^{11})=11$. So, rank$(T)=7$ and similarly,  we  can get rank$(T^3)=2$ and rank$(T^4)=0$. Therefore, $T$ is nilpotent. Again by rank-nullity theorem, $nullity(T^2)=dim(\mathbb{C}^{11})-rank(T^2)=11-rank(T^2)$. Now the main problem is reduced to find the rank of $T^2$.
We know that $T$ is nilpotent. Now, let $B_{11 \times 11}=T^2$ and $B^2=T^4=0$, then the rank of $B$ can be found using this fact Matrix algebra: If $A^2=0$, Proof rank(A) $\le \frac{n}{2}$ . We get, rank$(T^2)\leq \frac{11}{2}$. In this way we can tell possibilities of the dimension of Kernel of $T^2$.

Can we only find the possibilities not the exact rank of $T^2$ with the given data?

A: Let $Z_k={\rm ker} T^k$, $k\geq 0$ be the sequence of kernel spaces. One has
$$Z_0 =\{0\} \subset Z_1 \subset Z_2 ...$$
Let $d_k = {\rm dim\ } Z_k$. Then one has the following inequality for $k\geq 1$:
  $$ d_{k+1}-d_k \leq d_k-d_{k-1}$$
In your case this yields $11-9\leq 9-d_2\;$ or $\;d_2\leq 7$ and $\;9-d_2\leq d_2-4\;$ or $\;d_2\geq 6.5$. The unique integer solution is thus $d_2=7$ and by the kernel-rank theorem we get ${\rm rank}\; T^2=4$ in accordance with the statement of Alex.
I imagine the above inequality is well-known by specialists but I don't have a reference for it. To prove it note that since $T Z_{k+1}\subset Z_k$ and $T Z_k\subset Z_{k-1}$ we have a well-defined map between quotients:
 $$ \widehat{T} : Z_{k+1}/Z_k \rightarrow Z_k/Z_{k-1} .$$
I claim this map is injective. If $w\in Z_{k+1} \setminus Z_k = Z_{k+1} \setminus T^{-1}(Z_{k-1})$ then the last expression shows indeed that $Tw\in Z_k\setminus Z_{k-1}$. As the map is injective dimensions must increase so
$$ d_{k+1}-d_k = {\dim\;} Z_{k+1}/Z_k \leq \dim Z_k/Z_{k-1}=d_k-d_{k-1}.$$
If you don't fancy quotient spaces you may concoct a (slightly longer) proof using complements, i.e. writing $Z_{k+1} = Z_k \oplus W_k$ and look at how $T$ acts upon $W_k$.
About generality: The above inequality (showing concavity of $k\mapsto d_k$) holds in a space of any dimension (also infinite, as long as $d_1$ is finite). Thus the conclusion for $d_2$ is independent of the dimension of the ambient space. But the conclusion for the rank of $T^2$ is obviously not.

A: Following levap's guide consider a $11\times 11$ complex matrix $T$ such that $\operatorname{rank} T=7$, $\operatorname{rank} T^3=2$, and $\operatorname{rank} T^4=0$. Let Jordan form of the matrix $T$ contains $a_i$ Jordan cells of size $i$ for each $1\le i\le 11$.
Then we have the following system of equations.
$\begin{cases} \sum_{i=1}^{11} ia_i =11\\
\sum_{i=2}^{11} (i-1)a_i =7\\
\sum_{i=4}^{11} (i-3)a_i =2\\
\sum_{i=5}^{11} (i-4)a_i =0
\end{cases}$
It follows $a_i=0$ for $i\ge 5$ and
$\begin{cases} a_1+2a_2+3a_3+4a_4=11\\
a_2+2a_3+3a_4 =7\\
a_4=2\end{cases}$
We find consecutively from this system $a_4=2$, $a_3=0$, $a_2=1$, and $a_1=1$. So $$\operatorname{rank} T^2=\sum_{i=3}^{11} (i-2)a_i =2a_4=4.$$

A: In general, $\ker T \subseteq \ker T^2 \subseteq \ker T^3 \subseteq \cdots$. This implies that $4 \leq \text{nullity}(T^2) \leq 9$. Also in general, if $T^n = T^{n + 1}$ for some nonnegative integer $n$, then $\ker T^n = \ker T^{n + 1} = \ker T^{n + 2} = \cdots$. Hence, $\text{nullity}(T^2)$ cannot be 4 or 9, so $5 \leq \text{nullity}(T^2) \leq 8$. Since $(T^2)^2 = T^4 = 0$, the range of $T^2$ is contained in its kernel, so $\text{nullity}(T^2) \geq \text{rank}(T^2)$. By the rank-nullity theorem, $11 = \text{rank}(T^2) + \text{nullity}(T^2) \geq 2 \, \text{rank}{(T^2)} \implies \text{rank}(T^2) \leq 11/2 = 5.5$. Hence $\text{rank}(T^2) \leq 5$. So $\text{nullity}(T^2) = 11 - \text{rank}(T^2) \geq 11 - 5 = 6$. So we can say the possibilities for $\text{nullity}(T^2)$ are 6, 7 or 8.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Forestry Jobs on SEEK
Industry & Environment
employer profile
vicforest
These are the go to guys
Melbourne, Orbost , Healesville, Bendoc, Parkers Corner, Cann River, Noojee, Nowa Nowa, Powelltown, Swifts Creek, Alexandra, Myrtleford
www.vicforests.com.au
HR Contact:
VF HR
vf.hr@vicforests.com.au
Contact Times:
Please contact Human Resources between the hours of: 9am and 5pm, Monday to Friday.
Advertised:
SEEK - www.seek.com.au
mycareer - www.mycareer.com.au
VicForests - www.vicforests.com.au
Friday Offcuts - email newsletter
Victorian Government Careers Website - www.careers.vic.gov
Various recruitment agencies.
ABN/ACN:
Head Office Melbourne, VIC 3000
VicForests is a Victorian State-owned business responsible for the sustainable harvest, regeneration and commercial sale of timber from Victoria's public forests on behalf of the Victorian Government.
VicForests harvests approximately 3000 hectares of native forest in Victoria each year - under strict environmental regulations. This equates to less than 0.04% of the 7.1 million hectares of public forest across the State.
The timber harvested by VicForests is used to produce high quality furniture, flooring and other building materials as well as quality writing and office paper.
Sustainability is a key component of VicForests' operations.
Trees are regrown across all areas which are harvested to ensure forests re-establish and will be available for use by future generations.
The seeds used in forest regeneration are sourced from local regions to help guarantee the trees which grow back match the mix of species that existed on the site prior to harvesting.
VicForests plays an important role in meeting the community demand for wood products. Approximately one-third of Victoria's timber is supplied by VicForests' operations, reducing the amount of hardwood required to be imported from overseas.
VicForests offers a range of roles within the forestry industry with our foresters specialising in tactical and operational planning, harvesting and contract management, silviculture and forest regeneration.
A variety of non-forestry role are also available including IT, HR, communications, finance, administration and customer service positions.
The timber industry in Victoria employs approximately 2,500 people. The industry plays a vital role in sustaining the economy in many rural areas.
© 2015 Forest and Wood Products Australia Ltd (FWPA).
All rights reserved. | Website by 360South


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Table Rock Hike Boise
Call Creole Queen Mississippi River Cruises Paul Cozza, the Authority's Executive Director, calls the planned CSX hub great for both the. continues to add to its intermodal efficiencies with the $25.1
Read the latest real estate news, find homes for sale, and get advice from leading real estate experts for homebuyers, homeowners and sellers.
Tuesday, March 10, 2015: Last week I was invited to tag along on a four mile hike with Mindy, Scott and Lucy next to the Truckee River. Lucy rode in her baby buggy, she was carried in a pouch both front and back, she was carried, and she did a lot of walking (but not in a straight line) along the trail.
Take one look at the 22.5-mile Boise River Greenbelt trail. Walk or pedal the Greenbelt trail in town, or hike up Table Rock, just 1.5 miles from downtown. Poke around the historic Hyde Park neighb.
The Wildcats have a solid coach in Joker Phillips, I like Tee Martin as passing game coordinator and Kentucky has been hitting the recruiting trail hard. has been productive every year he's taken t.
Austin–Round Rock is a five-county metropolitan area in the U.S. state of Texas, as defined by the Office of Management and Budget. Commonly referred to as Greater Austin, the metropolitan area is situated in Central Texas on the eastern edge of the American Southwest, and borders San Antonio–New Braunfels to the south. Austin–Round Rock is the 35th largest metropolitan area in the.
It's thru-hiking season, and you may be feeling inspired to start planning your own thru-hike on the Appalachian Trail. Whether you pack up and go for the 2015 trail season, or you want to hold off, RootsRated has the training trails that will get you in shape for long miles.
2 Mins Ago. BLANTYRE, Oct 10- Malawi's tobacco revenue, a mainstay of the southern African nation's economy, jumped 60 percent in the 2018 season, industry figures showed on Wednesday.
The 40-year-old was hiking down the peak of 11,000-foot Table Rock Trail in Boise's Grand Tetons on the way to meet her father last month, when she came across an alarming sight: an injured English sp.
Boise Trails by Region. To view the latest Boise Trail conditions, browse the list below. Click on the trail name and you'll find detailed trail maps, descriptions, discussions, and photos.
All hiking trails in the Table Rock area were closed to the public on July 2 as a fire that had burned about 2,500 acres and destroyed one home remained active in spite of being 100 percent contained.
Lonely Planet also noted the adventures and whitewater rapids on the James River, as well as the new 52-mile bike trail. to the Boise Brew Olympics and Punk in Drublic – a beautiful marriage of pun.
Hotel Moo The Cholchan Pattaya Beach Resort takes pride in being Pattaya fully integrated international resort with private beachfront access and is probably the most luxurious hotel
When you want a short yet satisfying hike, Table Rock is a good place to go — especially if you also want to experience Boise like a local. This 3.7-mile round trip hike is heavily trafficked and popular with families, dogs, and people of all ages and hiking abilities.
The outfitter calls this the "Everest of sea kayaking," but as I paddle through a sea cave on the Na Pali coast of Kauai I quickly realize. my butt is sore," groans Kevin, from Boise, as he starts.
The scene that rises before you is the same one emigrants saw as they made their way across the California Trail. Treasure Rock? The legend, Keck said, is that a Kelton stage was robbed around 1878.
A hike or bike ride up to the top of this rock outcropping provides views of the entire city, Owyhee County, and into Oregon. Despite its steep ascent, Table Rock is a popular day hike for families and those wishing to take in the beautiful sights and sounds of the Boise Foothills.
Zoo News. Aug 31 Red Panda Cub Born at Zoo Boise Jul 04 Meet Zoo Boise's New Male African Lion Jun 25 Zoo Boise Welcomes Male African Lion May 05 Finalists Named for Interactive Animal Masks Art May 02 Idaho Gives Day – Crocodiles Apr
BOISE — A portion of the Idaho. The closed area is generally east of Table Rock, encompassing both the Council Springs and Warm Springs drainages. The closure includes the Homestead Trail. The clos.
Visit the post for more. Parking and table rock trailhead by old idaho penitentiary table rock the summit is clearly visible throughout hike due to short gr and sagebrush in view of boise from table rock with dirt trail grass and cliff in image a view of the table rock summit from near trailhead
The Pink Guest House in Boise Idaho ( Furnished Apartments In Boise Idaho ) HELLO and WELCOME to the INVITING, COZY, FRIENDLY, INCLUSIVE AND INTERNATIONAL PINK GUEST HOUSE ( Furnished Lodging and Homestay ) in Boise Idaho!. We specialize in monthly and multi-month rentals in our delightfully furnished lofts!
It's the brainchild of Trail Blazers owner and Microsoft billionaire Paul Allen, and will offer a showcase for local artists and an industry conference that will include Kill Rock Stars' Portia. An.
Views from fortboise on politics, religion, economics, engineering, life. February, 2016 edition
Excited as the Suns may be about the futures of Devin Booker and Josh Jackson, no lineup slot should be off the table, especially considering the. He can roll to the hoop and either finish plays or.
Tia Vargas set out on a July 5 hike on Boise's Table Rock in honor of her son, who is reportedly battling substance and mental health issues. The mother says counselors encouraged her to take on chall.
While visiting this historical city, visitors find popular attractions such as downtown Boise shopping/dining and the Autograph Rock, which shares the name of people who traveled the Santa Fe Trail fr.
Jun 06, 2008 · Sunny but cold! I did my annual visit of Table Rock in Boise, Idaho. It was a windy and cool day for a hike. For those who don't know, to summit "The Rock", you will walk about 1.75 miles up the front of the hill.
This isn't hiking up Table Rock. You've got to have some strategy around it. (c)2018 The Idaho Statesman (Boise, Idaho) Visit The Idaho Statesman (Boise, Idaho) at www.idahostatesman.com Distribute.
ON STATE MAP BELOW: BLUE = swimming hole, GREEN = road trip dip (click here for info), RED = hot spring.Hold cursor over map tags for info, then click to go to detailed listing. The map location is very approximate.Use our directions with a highway map.
Just 30 miles from Las Vegas, near Boulder City, the gravel Historic Railroad Trail hugs the hills on the southern shoreline of vast Lake Mead.
"So I decided I was going to hike Table Rock. We hike it every year but everybody in my family. In speaking with his owners, she learned he was recently sold as a hunting dog to a family in Boise b.
Jumeirah Hotel Maldives 9 Green Lane Bed And Breakfast For a stylish and shabby chic approach, the Madison Park Dawn Comforter Set features soft blues and periwinkle colors
9 Green Lane Bed And Breakfast For a stylish and shabby chic approach, the Madison Park Dawn Comforter Set features soft blues and periwinkle colors in paisley with ruffled lace taping.
which allows you to hit a few Boise sights in one outing. Because I visited in late fall, the Gardens were not open, but hiking Table Rock, taking a tour of the Penitentiary for $6 and visiting the Bo.
I knew my legs weren't getting any younger and Seven Devils were not getting any flatter, so last winter, a co-worker, Bill Manny, and I made plans to hike the 30-mile loop. Longtime friend Glenn Oakl.
Hear about stagecoaches and their fearless Jehus, or stagecoach drivers, as they traveled the length of the Siskiyou Trail. Admission is free. at the Rogue Valley Square Dance Center, 3377 Table Ro.
Oct 24, 2016 · Along the foothills that line Boise Idaho is a cross that sits over the valley. The cross is set upon rock and it's called Table Rock. My walking group from Boise SparkPeople set up a walk to hike up to Table Rock.
9 Green Lane Bed And Breakfast
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Outside of KG I dont like our team at all, Davis is not what we got him for(slasher). Jaric is a 40 million dollar Bum and Hudson, dont get me started. Trade everybody on the roster not named KG and start over from scratch. Even if it means no chip for KG.


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Uruguay 1-1 Chile: La Roja reach Copa America knockouts despite letting advantage slip
By	Sports Desk	June 21, 2021
Chile claimed a place in the knockout stages of the Copa America despite being held to a 1-1 draw by Uruguay.
Eduardo Vargas opened the scoring in Cuiaba, but an Arturo Vidal own goal ensured it ended honours even, a result that means Chile can no longer finish bottom of Group A.
It also helped Uruguay get off the mark after defeat to Argentina in their opener, though Oscar Tabarez's side still have work to do reach the quarter-finals of the competition.
A lively start to proceedings saw Edinson Cavani force an outstanding save from Claudio Bravo with a close-range header, only for the Chilean goalkeeper to be denied the glory by a late offside flag.
The officials also waved away Chile claims for a penalty moments later for the same reason, though Martin Lasarte's side would not be denied for long.
Vargas looked to still have plenty to do after a slick one-two with Ben Brereton had taken him into the box, but he produced a brilliant finish from a tight angle to put his team ahead.
And, though Chile subsequently lost defender Guillermo Maripan to injury, Uruguay struggled to create anything of note before the half-time break.
The second period started in a similar fashion, but Chile's hopes were dealt a further blow when Vargas limped off with an apparent hamstring issue.
Aided by a flurry of substitutes, Uruguay began to build pressure, and that told with just over 20 minutes remaining, Vidal adjudged to have got the final touch under pressure as Luis Suarez looked to turn in a Matias Vecino flick-on from a corner.
Boosted by their equaliser, Tabarez's men dominated much of the closing stages, though they were denied a first win of the tournament as an obstinate Chile defence stood firm.
What does it mean? Chile a contender
They may have been pegged back here, but Chile's unbeaten start to this tournament has been an impressive one and no team will look forward to facing them in the last eight.
As for Uruguay, they showed the combination of graft and craft that will surely see them come alive should they secure passage into the business end of the Copa America.
Brereton stands out again
This is proving to be a breakout tournament for England-born Brereton, who followed up a goal against Bolivia last time out with an assist in this one. Chile are clearly benefiting from his presence as a focal point.
Cavani fails to fire
Uruguay would have turned one point into three had Cavani followed his partner in crime Suarez onto the scoresheet, but the Manchester United striker failed to even find the target with his all three of his shots across the 90 minutes.
Chile finish off their fixtures in the group stage against Paraguay in Brasilia on Thursday, while Uruguay contest their penultimate game against Bolivia in Cuiaba on the same day.
Arturo Vidal Pardo
Eduardo Vargas Rojas
« Copa Clips: Neymar brutally fouled after showing off his skills Bolivia 0-2 Uruguay: Cavani on target as Tabarez's side seal Copa America knockout spot »
Jamaica Reggae Boy Liam Moore has been stripped of the club captaincy by struggling Championship outfit Reading after taking exception to the player's ambitions of moving away from the club.
Kevin Durant faces Nets layoff as MRI reveals extent of knee injury
Kevin Durant faces a spell out of action after the Brooklyn Nets confirmed the extent of the knee injury he suffered in Saturday's win over the New Orleans Pelicans.
Coach Steve Nash was hopeful that Durant would avoid a layoff, but the news from his MRI scan was not what the Nets wanted to hear.
In a statement, the Nets said on Sunday: "Following an MRI this morning, Kevin Durant was diagnosed with a sprained medial collateral of the left knee.
"Durant is expected to return to full strength following a period of rehabilitation. Updates regarding his return will be provided as appropriate."
ESPN reported that Durant may be absent for the team for around four to six weeks.
The Nets' 120-105 win over the Pelicans improved their record this season to 27-15, but it came at the cost of losing Durant in the second quarter.
He had racked up 12 points in 12 minutes of action, before the injury occurred when Nets guard Bruce Brown fell backwards into the two-time NBA champion.
Durant is averaging 29.3 points per game this season, along with 7.4 total rebounds and 5.8 assists.
His absence will shift workload onto James Harden, with Kyrie Irving unable to play home games for the Nets due to his unvaccinated status conflicting with a New York City mandate affecting indoor arenas. Harden is averaging 22.7 points, 10.0 rebounds and 8.0 assists.
The Nets, who sit 0.5 games behind the Chicago Bulls at the top of the Eastern Conference, are next in action on Monday when they face the Cleveland Cavaliers.


Gardner Denver Petroleum & Industrial Pumps has announced the launch of its Redline Series Packing with Redline Packing. Packing is the critical seal system in the heart of the frac pump, creating a barrier between frac fluid and the environment.
Gardner Denver collaborated with customers located throughout North America for more than a year to extensively test Redline Packing and ensure its success across a variety of challenging environments. Testing proved the newly designed Redline header and pressure rings are a resounding success. Redline Packing outperformed competitor packing in the harshest conditions, highest pressures and most abrasive environments.
Outlasted the incumbent by over 2x.
Pumped over 100 million lbs of sand.
Performed exceptionally well in a high-pressure environment.
Improved fleet utilisation and safety.
Redline Packing is available today for immediate shipment to fit all manufactured models of frac pumps.


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Home	> News & Events > Press Releases
FDIC Seeks Public Comment on Proposed Rules Governing Deposit Insurance Assessments, Including a One-Time Credit
David Barr (202) 898-6992 or dbarr@fdic.gov
The FDIC's Board of Directors today approved for public comment three proposed rules governing deposit insurance assessments under the Deposit Insurance Reform Act of 2005, including one that would allocate a one-time $4.7 billion assessment credit among insured institutions.
Congress mandated this one-time assessment credit to acknowledge contributions by institutions to build up the Bank Insurance Fund (BIF) and the Savings Association Insurance Fund (SAIF) in the early- to mid-1990s. The Reform Act requires the FDIC to allocate the one-time assessment credit to each "eligible insured depository institution" or its "successor" based on the assessment base of the institution as of December 31, 1996, as compared to the combined aggregate assessment base of all eligible institutions as of that date, taking into account other factors the Board may deem appropriate. The statute defines an "eligible insured depository institution" as one that was in existence on December 31, 1996, and had paid a deposit insurance assessment before then. The FDIC is charged with defining "successor" for these purposes.
The proposed rule issued today would define a "successor" as the resulting institution in a merger or consolidation involving an institution that was eligible for the one-time credit. The proposed rule also seeks comment on alternative definitions of successor, including one that would make the purchaser of deposits a "successor," even if no merger or consolidation had occurred.
The second FDIC proposal issued today would establish a two-year interim rule governing the payment of dividends from the Deposit Insurance Fund, the fund created on March 31, 2006, through the merger of the BIF and the SAIF. However, the prospect of a dividend payment while the interim rule would be in effect appears unlikely. The third proposal relates to certain operational and procedural changes to the FDIC's assessment regulations.
The Reform Act requires the FDIC to prescribe final credit, dividend and assessment regulations by November 5, 2006. Comments on all three proposed rules are due within 60 days of publication in the Federal Register, which is expected to occur within a week.
The FDIC's Board of Directors has previously adopted an interim final rule on deposit insurance coverage that was published on March 23, 2006. The FDIC expects to consider additional proposed rulemakings later this year, including those regarding the designated reserve ratio for the Deposit Insurance Fund, risk-based assessments and the new insurance logo.
Notice of Proposed Rulemaking to Implement the One-time Assessment Credit - PDF 119k (PDF Help)
Notice of Proposed Rulemaking to Implement Dividend Requirements - PDF 71k (PDF Help)
Proposed Amendments to Part 327 to Improve the Operational Processes Governing the FDIC's Deposit Insurance Assessment System - PDF 226k (PDF Help)


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New Alzheimer's Drug Could Be Effective, Cheap, and Unprofitable
Alexis Madrigal
UPDATE 7/31: It turns out that pharmaceutical companies can, for better or worse, find a variety of ways to commercialize this far from novel compound. As the In The Pipeline blog lays out, "While we evil pharmaceutical folks would much rather have proprietary chemical matter, there are plenty of other inventive steps worth a patent." […]
UPDATE 7/31: It turns out that pharmaceutical companies can, for better or worse, find a variety of ways to commercialize this far from novel compound. As the In The Pipeline blog lays out, "While we evil pharmaceutical folks would much rather have proprietary chemical matter, there are plenty of other inventive steps worth a patent." For example, as one reader suggested, patenting a particular formulation of the drug that targets the brain more effectively than the raw stuff.
An Alzheimer's drug that targets a new area of the brain's circuitry could be a landmark advance in the treatment of dementia, a new study suggests.
And in a surprising twist, scientists first synthesized the drug over a century ago, meaning it cannot be patented by pharmaceutical companies.
The focus of most drug research has been beta-amyloid, a protein which forms sticky clumps outside brain cells, impeding their functioning. But the new drug, Rember, works by breaking up clumps of a different protein, tau, that accumulate inside dying neurons. Tau clumps were long thought a symptom, not a cause, of Alzheimer's.
"This first modestly sized trial in humans is potentially exciting," said Clive Ballard, head of research at the Alzheimer's Society and who was not involved with the research, told The Telegraph. "It suggests the drug could be over twice as effective as any treatment that is currently available."
The company behind Rember, TauRX, presented its study at a massive research conference on dementia, The International Conference on Alzheimer's Disease, in Chicago. The results have not been published in a peer-review journal yet. But long-time researchers were still impressed with the drug.
Marcelle Morrison-Bogorad, director of Alzheimer's research at the National Institute on Aging, enthused to the AP that the study showed "the first very positive results" she'd seen for stopping mental decline.
By contrast, Alzheimer's treatments targeting beta-amyloid have repeatedly disappointed researchers and biotech companies. For example, last month
Myriad Genetics' highly anticipated Flurizan failed to pass its most recent clinical trial. This week, Elan-Wyeth presented worse-than-expected data on its new drug, bapineuzumab. And most currently available treatments seem to offer marginal improvements, at best.
No wonder Rember has researchers excited. It's an even more remarkable outcome for a compound that has been around since the 1800s.
According to the stellar Mind Hacks blog, Rember appears to be a compound, methylene blue, that was first synthesized back in 1876. And that turns out to have huge financial implications.
That's because, as Vaughan Bell explains, no company could patent what could be one of century's blockbuster drugs.
In other words, anyone can make the drug which means its much harder to make money on it as pricing becomes competitive. In contrast, a patent gives you a time-limited monopoly - albeit one that can earn billions.
A widely available cheap generic drug that treats a major disease is actually a fantastic thing for society, but developing them is not typical behaviour for pharmaceutical companies who tend to shun unpatentable drugs.
So Rember could turn out to be cheap and effective, which is great for everyone, except for big pharma, the industry that would probably be needed to produce massive amounts of the drug.
WiSci 2.0: Alexis Madrigal's Twitter , Google Reader feed, and webpage; Wired Science on Facebook.
Topicspharmaceutical industry


Getting a food vending license in Florida is a structured task, but if the steps are followed closely, a license can be easily obtained. The Florida Department of Business and Professional Regulation (DBPR)-Division of Hotels and Restaurants is the issuing agency for most licenses, including: caterers, mobile food dispensing vehicles, hot dog carts and food service at temporary events/theme parks. A written plan similar to any other business plan is suggested.
Approach a food vending license like any other business; you will need a tax identification number along with a food vending license. Businesses can be registered at the Florida Division of Corporations' Sunbiz website (see Resources). Once this is accomplished, you can then attack food vending in particular. You will need a written plan for your operation, showing a detailed drawing of how your cart/stand will be set up, addressing the legal requirements for food vending in Florida. A guide for creating a plan your food service operation is provided at Florida's DBPR website (see Resources).
Every food vendor needs Florida ServSafe certification, which can be obtained through an approved course, such as the one provided by Food Manager Certification, LLC (see Resources). Someone involved in the operation must be ServSafe food manager certified; it does not have to be the licensee. Employees will need food handler's certification. There are exceptions: vendors who only sell frozen, pre-packaged novelties and vendors who only sell pre-packaged, non-potentially-hazardous items.
Get started by applying for a sales tax registration number at the DBPR website (see Resources). The next step is to get a business plan together to submit with your license application. While doing this, start preparing to take the Florida ServeSafe course and test. There is a checklist at the DBPR website which will show everything the state requires prior to allowing you to open.
Each city and county in Florida may have their own unique requirements, and the Florida DBPR requires you to handle these situations before submitting the state application. The state also requires you to obtain a federal employer identification number if there will be employees working for your business. This may be accomplished by contacting the U.S. Internal Revenue Service. As with any in-depth application process, be prepared to repeat certain steps if necessary.
The Florida Department of Business and Professional Regulation has a calculator feature on its website to figure all licensing fees. The program requires Excel Viewer 2003, which can be downloaded from a link on the website. The calculator program is easy to use and guides you step-by-step through the process.