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393 U.S. 268 - Thorpe v. Housing Authority of City of Durham
393 US 268 Thorpe v. Housing Authority of City of Durham
Joyce C. THORPE, Petitioner,
HOUSING AUTHORITY OF the CITY OF DURHAM.
Argued Oct. 23, 1968.
Decided Jan. 13, 1969.
James M. Nabrit, III, New York City, for petitioner.
Daniel K. Edwards, Durham, N.C., for respondent.
Mr. Chief Justice WARREN delivered the opinion of the Court.
This case raises the question whether a tenant of a federally assisted housing project can be evicted prior to notification of the reasons for the eviction and without an opportunity to reply to those reasons, when such a procedure is provided for in a Department of Housing and Urban Development (hereinafter HUD) circular issued after eviction proceedings have been initiated.
On November 11, 1964, petitioner and her children commenced a month-to-month tenancy in McDougald Terrace, a federally assisted, low-rent housing project owned and operated by the Housing Authority of the City of Durham, North Carolina. Under the lease, petitioner is entitled to an automatic renewal for successive one-month terms, provided that her family composition and income re ain unchanged and that she does not violate the terms of the lease.1 The lease also provides, however, that either the tenant or the Authority may terminate the tenancy by giving notice at least 15 days before the end of any monthly term.2
On August 10, 1965, petitioner was elected president of a McDougald Terrace tenants' organization called the Parents' Club. On the very next day, without any explanation, the executive director of the Housing Authority notified petitioner that her lease would be canceled as of August 31.3 After receiving notice, petitioner attempted through her attorneys, by phone and by letter, to find out the reasons for her eviction.4 Her inquiries went unanswered, and she refused to vacate.
On September 17, 1965, the Housing Authority brought an action for summary eviction in the Durham Justice of the Peace Court, which, three days later, ordered petitioner removed from her apartment. On appeal to the Superior Court of Durham County, petitioner alleged that she was being evicted because of her organizational activities in violation of her First Amendment rights. After a trial de novo,5 the Superior Court affirmed the eviction, and the Supreme Court of North Carolina also affirmed.6 Both appellate courts held that under the lease the Authority's reasons for terminating petitioner's tenancy were immaterial. On December 5, 1966, we granted certiorari7 to consider whether petitioner was denied due process by the Housing Authority's refusal to state the reasons for her eviction and to afford her a hear ng at which she could contest the sufficiency of those reasons.
On February 7, 1967, while petitioner's case was pending in this Court, HUD issued a circular directing that before instituting an eviction proceeding local housing authorities operating all federally assisted projects should inform the tenant 'in a private conference or other appropriate manner' of the reasons for the eviction and give him 'an opportunity to make such reply or explanation as he may wish.'8 Since the application of this directive to petitioner would render a decision on the constitutional issues she raised unnecessary, we vacated the judgment of the Supreme Court of North Carolina and remanded the case 'for such further proceedings as may be appropriate in the light of the February 7 circular of the Department of Housing and Urban Development.'9
On remand, the North Carolina Supreme Court refused to apply the February 7 HUD circular and reaffirmed its prior decision upholding petitioner's eviction. Analogizing to the North Carolina rule that statutes are presumed to act prospectively only, the court held hat since '(a)ll critical events'10 had occurred prior to the date on which the circular was issued '(t)he rights of the parties had matured and had been determined before * * *' that date.11 We again granted certiorari.12 We reverse the judgment of the Supreme Court of North Carolina and hold that housing authorities of federally assisted public housing projects must apply the February 7, 1967, HUD circular before evicting any tenant still residing in such projects on the date of this decision.13
In support of the North Carolina judgment, the Housing Authority makes three arguments: (1) the HUD circular was intended to be advisory, not mandatory; (2) if the circular is mandatory, it is an unauthorized and unconstitutional impairment of both the Authority's annual contributions contract with HUD14 and the lease agreement between the Authority and petitioner; and (3) even if the circular is mandatory, within HUD's power, and constitutional, it does not apply to eviction proceedings commenced prior to the date the circular was issued. We reject each of these contentions.
Pursuant to its general rulemaking power under § 8 of the United States Housing Act of 1937,15 HUD has issued a Low-Rent Management Manual,16 which contains requirements that supplement the provisions of the annual contributions contract applicable to project management.17 According to HUD, these requirements 'are the minimum considered consistent with fulfilling Federal responsibilities' under the Act.18 Changes in the manual are initially promulgated as circulars. These circulars, which have not yet been physically incorporated into the manual, are temporary additions or modifications of the manual's requirements and 'have the same effect.'19 In contrast, the various 'handbooks' and 'booklets' issued by HUD contain mere 'instructions,' 'technical suggestions,' and 'items for consideration.'20
Despite the incorporation of the February 7 circular into the Management Manual in October 1967, the Housing Authority contends that on its face the circular purports to be only advisory. The Authority places particular emphasis on the circular's precatory statement that HUD 'believes' that its notification procedure should be followed. In addition to overlooking the significance of the subsequent incorporation of the circular into the Management Manual, the Authority's argument is based upon a simple misconstruction of the language actually used. The import of that language, which characterizes the new notification procedure as 'essential,' becomes apparent when the February 7 circular is contrasted with the one it superseded. The earlier circular, issued on May 31, 1966, stated: '(W)e strongly urge as a matter of good social policy, that Local Authorities in a private conference inform any tenants who are given * * * (termination) notices of the reasons for this action.'21 (Emphasis added.) This circular was not incorporated into the Management Manual.
That HUD intended the February 7 circular to be mandatory has been confirmed unequivocally in letters written by HUD's Assistant Secretary for Renewal and Housing Assistance22 and by its Chief Counsel.23 As we stated in Bowles v. Seminole Rock Co., 325 U.S. 410, 414, 65 S.Ct. 1215, 1217, 89 L.Ed. 1700 (1945), when construing an administrative regulation, 'a court must necessarily look to the administrative construction of the regulation if the meaning of the words used is in doubt. * * * (T)he ultimate criterion is the administrative interpretation, which becomes of controlling weight unless it is plainly erroneous or inconsistent with the regulation.'24 Thus, when the language and HUD's treatment of the February 7 circular are contrasted with the language and treatment of the superseded circular, there can be no doubt that the more recent circular was intended to be mandatory, not merely advisory as contended by the Authority.
Finding that the circular was intended to be mandatory does not, of course, determine the validity of the requirements it imposes.25 In our opinion remanding this case to the Supreme Court of North Carolina to consider the HUD circular's applicability, we pointed out that the circular was issued pursuant to HUD's rule-making power under § 8 of the United States Housing Act of 1937,26 which authorizes HUD27 'from time to time (to) make, amend, and rescind such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this Act.'28 The Housing Authority argues that this authorization is limited by the Act's express policy of 'vest(ing) in the local public housing agencies the maximum amount of responsibility in the administration of the low-rent housing program, including responsibility for the establishment of rents and eligibility requirements (subject to the approval of * * * (HUD)), with due consideration to accomplishing the objectives of this Act while effecting economies.'29 But the HUD circular is not inconsistent with this policy. Its minimal effect upon the Authority's 'responsibility in the administration' of McDougald Terrace is aptly attested to by the Authority's own description of what the circular does not require:
'It does not * * * purport to change the terms of the lease provisions used by Housing Authorities, nor does it purport to take away from the Housing Authority its legal ability to evict by complying with the terms of the lease and the pertinent provisions of the State law relating to evictions. It does not deal with what reasons are acceptable to HUD * * *. Moreover, the Circular clearly does not say that a Housing Authority cannot terminate at the end of any term without cause as is provided in the lease.'30
The circular imposes only one requirement: that the Authority comply with a very simple notification procedure before evicting its tenants. Given the admittedly insubstantial effect this requirement has upon the basic lease agreement under which the Authority discharges its management responsibilities, the contention that the circular violates the congressional policy of allowing local authorities to retain maximum control over the administration of federally financed housing projects is untenable.
The Authority also argues that under the Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment HUD is powerless to impose any obligations except those mutually agreed upon in the annual contributions contract.31 If HUD's power is not so limited, the Authority argues, HUD would be free to impair its contractual obligations to the Authority through unilateral action. Moreover, in this particular case, the Authority contends that HUD has not only impaired its own contract with the Authority, but it has also impaired the contract between petitioner and the Authority. The obligations of each of these contracts, however, can be impaired only 'by a law which renders them invalid, or releases or extinguishes them * * * (or by a law) which without destroying (the) contracts derogate(s) from substantial contractual rights.'32 The HUD circular does neither.
The respective obligations of both HUD and the Authority under the annual contributions contract remain unchanged. Each provision of that contract is as enforceable now as it was prior to the issuance of the circular.33 Although the circular supplements the contract in the sense that it imposes upon the Authority an additional obligation not contained in the contract, that obligation is imposed under HUD's wholly independent rule-making power.
Likewise, the lease agreement between the Authority and petitioner remains inviolate. Petitioner must still pay her rent and comply with the other terms of the lease; and, as the Authority itself acknowledges, she is still subject to eviction.34 HUD has merely provided for a particular type of notification that must precede eviction; and '(i)n modes of proceeding and forms to enforce the contract the legislature has the control, and may enlarge, limit, or alter them, provided it does not deny a remedy or so embarrass it with conditions or restrictions as seriously to impair the value of the right.'35
Since the Authority does not argue that the circular is proscribed by any constitutional provision other than the Due Process Clause, the only remaining inquiry is whether it is reasonably related to the purposes of the enabling legislation under which it was promulgated.36 One of the specific purposes of the federal housing acts is to provide 'a decent home and a suitable living environment for every American family'37 that lacks the financial means of providing such a home without governmental aid. A procedure requiring housing authorities to explain why they are evicting a tenant who is apparently among those people in need of such assistance certainly furthers this goal. We therefore cannot hold that the circular's requirements bear no reasonable relationship to the purposes for which HUD's rule-making power was authorized.
The Housing Authority also urges that petitioner's eviction should be upheld on the theory relied upon by the Supreme Court of North Carolina: the circular does not apply to eviction proceedings commenced prior to its issuance. The general rule, however, is that an appellate court must apply the law in effect at the time it renders its decision.38 Since the law we are concerned with in this case is embodied in a federal administrative regulation, the a plicability of this general rule is necessarily governed by federal law. Chief Justice Marshall explained the rule over 150 years ago as follows:
'(I)f subsequent to the judgment and before the decision of the appellate court, a law intervenes and positively changes the rule which governs, the law must be obeyed, or its obligation denied. If the law be constitutional, * * * I know of no court which can contest its obligation. It is true that in mere private cases between individuals, a court will and ought to struggle hard against a construction which will, by a retrospective operation, affect the rights of parties, but in great national concerns * * * the court must decide according to existing laws, and if it be necessary to set aside a judgment, rightful when rendered, but which cannot be affirmed but in violation of law, the judgment must be set aside.'39
This same reasoning has been applied where the change was constitutional,40 statutory,41 or judicial.42 Surely it applies with equal force where the change is made by an administrative agency acting pursuant to legislative authorization. Exceptions have been made to prevent manifest injustice,43 but this is not such a case.
To the contrary, the general rule is particularly applicable here. The Housing Authority concedes that its power to evict is limited at least to the extent that it may not evict a tenant for engaging in constitutionally protected activity;44 but a tenant would have considerable difficulty effectively defending against such an admittedly illegal eviction if the Authority were under no obligation to disclose its reasons.45 On the other hand, requiring the Authority to apply the circular before evicting petitioner not only does not infringe upon any of its rights, but also does not even constitute an imposition. The Authority admitted during oral argument that it has already begun complying with the circular.46 It refuses to apply it to petitioner simply because it decided to evict her before the circular was issued. Since petitioner has not yet vacated, we fail to see the significance of this distinction. We conclude, therefore, that the circular should be applied to all tenants still residing in McDougald Terrace, including petitioner, not only because it is designed to insure a fairer eviction procedure in general, but also because the prescribed notification is essential to remove a serious impediment to the successful protection of constitutional rights.
Petitioner argues that in addition to holding the HUD circular applicable to her case, we must also establish guidelines to insure that she is provided with not only the reasons for her eviction but also a hearing that comports with the requirements of due process. We do not sit, however, 'to decide abstract, hypothetical or contingent questions * * * or to decide any constitutional question in advance of the necessity for its decision * * *.'47 The Authority may be able to provide petitioner with reasons that justify eviction under the express terms of the lease. In that event, she may decide to vacate voluntarily without contesting the Authority's right to have her removed. And if she challenges the reasons offered, the Authority may well decide to afford her the full hearing she insists is essential.48 Moreover, even if the Authority does not provide such a hearing, we have no reason to believe that once petitioner is told the reasons for her eviction she cannot effectively challenge their legal sufficiency in whatever eviction proceedings may be brought in the North Carolina courts. Thus, with the case in this posture, a decision on petitioner's constitutional claims would be premature.49
Reversed and remanded.
Mr. Justice BLACK, concurring.
The Court here uses a cannon to dispose of a case that calls for no more than a popgun. The Durham Housing Authority has clearly stated, both in its brief and at oral argument, that it is fully complying with the directive of the Department of Housing and Urban Development concerning notice to tenants of reasons for their eviction. The only possible issue therefore is whether the directive should apply to Mrs. Thorpe, against whom eviction proceedings were started prior to the effective date of the HUD memorandum but who is still residing in public housing, as a result of judicial stays. I agree, of course, that the directive should apply to her eviction. Nothing else need be decided.
'This lease shall be automatically renewed for successive terms of one month each at the rental last entered and acknowledged below * * *. Provided, there is no change in the income or composition of the family of the tenant and no violation of the terms hereof. In the event of any change in the composition or income of the family of the tenant, rent for the premises shall automatically conform to the rental rates established in the approved current rent schedule which has been adopted by the Management for the operation of this Project * * *.'
'This lease may be terminated by the Tenant by giving to Management notice in writing of such termination 15 days prior to the last day of the term. The Management may terminate this lease by giving to the Tenant notice in writing of such termination fifteen (15) days prior to the last day of the term. Provided, however, that this paragraph shall not be construed to prevent the termination of this lease by Management in any other method or for any other cause set forth in this lease.'
The Housing Authority construes this provision to authorize termination upon the giving of the required notice even if the tenant has not violated the terms of the lease and his income and family composition have not changed. Petitioner, however, insists that since the Authority is a government agency, it may not constitutionally evict 'for no reason at all, or for an unreasonable, arbitrary and capricious reason * * *.' Brief for Petitioner 27. We do not, however, reach that issue in this case. See n. 49, infra.
The text of the notice is as follows:
'Your Dwelling Lease provides that the Lease may be cancelled upon fifteen (15) days written notice. This is to notify you that your Dwelling Lease will be cancelled effective August 31, 1965, at which time you will be required to vacate the premises you now occupy.'
One of those attempts was made on September 1. In an affidavit filed with the Superior Court of Durham County, petitioner alleged that on that day members of the Housing Authority met with a Durham police detective who had been investigating petitioner's conduct. Although petitioner's attorney met with Housing Authority representatives on this same day to request a hearing, the attorney was not informed what information had been uncovered by the police investigation or whether it had any bearing on petitioner's eviction.
All of the essential facts were stipulated in the Superior Court, including:
'that if Mr. C. S. Oldham, the Executive Director of the Housing Authority of the City of Durham, were present and duly sworn and were testifying, he would testify that whatever reason there may have been, if any, for giving notice to Joyce C. Thorpe of the termination of her lease, it was not for the reason that she was elected president of any group organized in McDougald Terrace, and specifically it was not for the reason that she was elected president of any group organized in McDougald Terrace on August 10, 1965 * * *.'
267 N.C. 431, 148 S.E.2d 290 (1966).
385 U.S. 967, 87 S.Ct. 515, 17 L.Ed.2d 432.
The full text of that circular is as follows:
Office of the Assistant Secretary
For Renewal and Housing Assistance
Local Housing Authorities
Assistant Regional Administrators for Housing Assistance
HAA Division and Branch Heads
FROM: Don Hummel
SUBJECT: Terminations of Tenancy in Low-Rent Projects
Within the past year increasing dissatisfaction has been expressed with eviction practices in public low-rent housing projects. During that
period a number of suits have been filed throughout the United States generally challenging the right of a Local Authority to evict a tenant without advising him of the reasons for such eviction.
Since this is a federally assisted program, we believe it is essential that no tenant be given notice to vacate without being told by the Local Authority, in a private conference or other appropriate manner, the reasons for the eviction, and given an opportunity to make such reply or explanation as he may wish.
In addition to informing the tenant of the reason(s) for any proposed eviction action, from this date each Local Authority shall maintain a written record of every eviction from its federally assisted public housing. Such records are to be available for review from time to time by HUD representatives and shall contain the following information:
1. Name of tenant and identification of unit occupied.
2. Date of notice to vacate.
3. Specific reason(s) for notice to vacate. For example, if a tenant is being evicted because of undesirable actions, the record should detail the actions which resulted in the determination that eviction should be instituted.
4. Date and method of notifying tenant with summary of any conferences with tenant, including names of conference participants.
5. Date and description of final action taken.
The Circular on the above subject from the PHA Commissioner, dated May 31, 1966, is superseded by this Circular.
s/ Don Hummel
Assistant Secretary for Renewal and Housing Assistance
386 U.S. 670, 673—674, 87 S.Ct. 1244, 1246, 18 L.Ed.2d 394 (1967).
271 N.C. 468, 471, 157 S.E.2d 147, 150 (1967).
271 N.C., at 470, 157 S.E.2d at 149.
390 U.S. 942, 88 S.Ct. 1045, 19 L.Ed.2d 1130 (1968).
The Supreme Court of North Carolina stayed the execution of its judgment pending our decision. As a result, petitioner has not yet vacated her apartment.
Under § 10(a) of the United States Housing Act of 1937, 50 Stat. 891, as amended, 42 U.S.C. § 1410(a) (1964 ed., Supp. III), HUD is required to enter into an annual contributions contract with the local housing authorities. In that contract, HUD guarantees to provide a certain amount of money over a certain number of years.
50 Stat. 891, as amended, 42 U.S.C. § 1408 (1964 ed., Supp. III).
Housing Assistance Administration, HUD, Low-Rent Management Manual.
Id., § o (preface) (April 1962).
Housing Assistance Administration, HUD, Low-Rent Housing Manual § 100.2, at 2 (Sept. 1963).
Circular from Commission r Marie C. McGuire to Local Authorities, Regional Directors, and Central Office Division and Branch Heads, May 31, 1966.
'(W)e intended it to be followed. * * * The circular is as binding in its present form as it will after incorporation in the manual. * * * HUD intends to enforce the circular to the fullest extent of its ability. * * *'
Letter from Assistant Secretary Don Hummel to Mr. Charles S. Ralston of the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, Inc., July 25, 1967.
HUD's Chief Counsel stated that his 'views are the same as those expressed' by Assistant Secretary Hummel. Letter from Mr. Joseph Burstein to Mr. Charles S. Ralston, Aug. 7, 1967.
Accord, Udall v. Tallman, 380 U.S. 1, 85 S.Ct. 792, 13 L.Ed.2d 616 (1965). See Zemel v. Rusk, 381 U.S. 1, 85 S.Ct. 1271, 14 L.Ed.2d 179 (1965).
See Udall v. Tallman, supra.
386 U.S. 670, 673, n. 4, 87 S.Ct. 1244, 1246, 18 L.Ed. 394 (1967).
This rule-making power was transferred from the Public Housing Administration to HUD by § 5(a) of the Department of Housing and Urban Development Act, 79 Stat. 669, 42 U.S.C. § 3534(a), 1964 ed., Supp. III).
50 Stat. 891, as amended, 42 U.S.C. § 1408 (1964 ed., Supp. III). Such broad rule-making powers have been granted to numerous other federal administrative bodies in substantially the same language. See, e.g., 72 Stat. 743, 49 U.S.C. § 1324(a) (Civil Aeronautics Board); 49 Stat. 647, as amended, 42 U.S.C. § 1302 (Department of Health, Education, and Welfare); 52 Stat. 830, 15 U.S.C. § 717o (Federal Power Commission).
Section 1 of the United States Housing Act of 1937, 50 Stat. 888, as amended by § 501 of the Housing Act of 1959, 73 Stat. 679, 42 U.S.C. § 1401.
Brief for Respondent 21, 23.
Although the constitutional prohibition of the impairment of contracts, U.S.Const., Art. 1, § 10, applies only to the States, we have held that '(v) alid contracts are property, whether the obligor be a private individual, a municipality, a State of the United States. Rights against the United States arising out of a contract with it are protected by the Fifth Amendment.' Lynch v. United States, 292 U.S. 571, 579, 54 S.Ct. 840, 843, 78 L.Ed. 1434 (1934).
Home Bldg. & Loan Assn. v. Blaisdell, 290 U.S. 398, 431, 54 S.Ct. 231, 237, 78 L.Ed. 413 (1934). The statute challenged in Lynch v. United States, supra, fell into the first of these two categories. It repealed 'all laws granting or pertaining to yearly renewable (War Risk term) insurance * * *.' 292 U.S., at 575, 54 S.Ct., at 842.
A far different case would be presented if HUD were a party to this suit arguing that it could repudiate its obligations under the annual contributions contract because the Authority had failed to apply the circular. Cf. Lynch v. United States, supra.
Cf. Home Bldg. & Loan Assn. v. Blaisdell, supra, 290 U.S. at 425, 54 S.Ct. 231.
Penniman's Case, 103 U.S. 714, 720, 26 L.Ed. 602 (1881). See City of El Paso v. Simmons, 379 U.S. 497, at 508, 85 S.Ct. 577, at 583, 13 L.Ed.2d 446 (1965); Home Bldg. & Loan Assn. v. Blaisdell, supra.
We have consistently upheld legislation that affects contract rights far more substantially than does the HUD circular. E.g., City of El Paso v. Simmons, supra, upheld a state statute that placed a time limit on the right to reinstate a claim in previously forfeited public lands; East N.Y. Sav. Bank v. Hahn, 326 U.S. 230, 66 S.Ct. 69, 90 L.Ed. 34 (1945), upheld a New York statute suspending mortgage foreclosures for the 10th year in succession; and Blaisdell upheld a statute that extended mortgagors' redemption time.
There is no reason why the principles that control legislation that affects contractual rights should not also control administrative rule making that affects contractual rights. Cf. Permian Basin Area Rate Cases, 390 U.S. 747, 779—780, 88 S.Ct. 1344, 20 L.Ed.2d 312 (1968), which upheld a Federal Power Commission order limiting the application of 'escalation clauses' in contracts for the sale of natural gas; and 24 CFR §§ 1.1—1.12 (1968), which proscribe a wide range of racially discriminatory practices by both governmental and private interests that receive any federal financial assistance whether or not pursuant to a pre-existing contract. This regulation was promulgated under § 602 of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 78 Stat. 252, 42 U.S.C. § 2000d 1, which directs each federal agency that administers federal financial assistance 'by way of grant, loan, or contract other than a contract of insurance or guaranty * * * to effectuate the provisions of section 601 (which prohibits racial discrimination in the administration of any program receiving federal financial assistance) * * * by issuing rules, regulations, or orders of general applicability which shall be consistent with achievement of the objectives of the statute authorizing the financial assistance in connection with which the action is taken.'
See, e.g., FCC v. Schreiber, 381 U.S. 279, 289—294, 85 S.Ct. 1459, 1467—1469, 14 L.Ed.2d 383 (1965); American Trucking Assns., Inc. v. United States, 344 U.S. 298, 73 S.Ct. 307, 97 L.Ed. 337 (1953).
Section 2 of the Housing Act of 1949, 63 Stat. 413, 42 U.S.C. § 1441. That section further directs all agencies of the Federal Government 'having powers, functions, or duties with respect to housing * * * (to) exercise their powers, functions, and duties under this or any other law, consistently with the national housing policy declared by this Act * * *.' Ibid.
'A change in the law between a nisi prius and an appellate decision requires the appellate court to apply the changed law.' Ziffrin, Inc. v. United States, 318 U.S. 73, 78, 63 S.Ct. 465, 469, 87 L.Ed. 621 (1943). Accord, e.g., Vandenbark v. Owens-Illinois Glass Co., 311 U.S. 538, 61 S.Ct. 347, 85 L.Ed. 327 (1941); United States v. Chambers, 291 U.S. 217, 54 S.Ct. 434, 78 L.Ed. 763 (1934).
United States v. Schooner Peggy, 1 Cranch 103, 110, 2 L.Ed. 49 (1801).
See, e.g., United States v. Chambers, supra.
See, e.g., Carpenter v. Wabash R. Co., 309 U.S. 23, 60 S.Ct. 416, 84 L.Ed. 558 (1940).
See, e.g., Vandenbark v. Owens-Illinois Glass Co., supra.
See Greene v. United States, 376 U.S. 149, 84 S.Ct. 615, 11 L.Ed.2d 576 (1964), in which we held that the petitioner's right to recover lost pay for a wrongful discharge was 'vested' as a result of our earlier decision in Greene v. McElroy, 360 U.S. 474, 79 S.Ct. 1400, 3 L.Ed.2d 1377 (1959), which we construed to have made a 'final' and 'favorable' determination, 376 U.S., at 159, 84 S.Ct., at 621, that petitioner had been wrongfully deprived of his employment.
'We do not contend that, in the case of Housing Authority leases if the purpose of the notice of termination of the lease is to proscribe the exercise of a constitutional right by the tenant the notice would be effective; the notice would be invalid, and the term of the lease and its automatic renewal would not thereby be affected.' Brief for Respondent 11.
See generally Thorpe v. Housing Authority of the City of Durham, 386 U.S. 670, 674—681, 87 S.Ct. 1244, 1246—1251, 18 L.Ed.2d 394 (1967) (Douglas, J., concurring).
Transcript of Argument 28. Despite this admission, counsel for the Authority insisted throughout his oral argument that HUD has no power to require compliance with the circular. See id., at 26—27, 28, 30—32, 48—49. He even expressly suggested that the Authority could depart from its requirements 'without violating any kind of Federal law.' Id., at 48.
Alabama State Federation of Labor v. McAdory, 325 U.S. 450, 461, 65 S.Ct. 1384, 1389, 89 L.Ed. 1725 (1945). Cf. Zemel v. Rusk, supra, 381 U.S., at 18—20, 85 S.Ct., at 1281—1282, 14 L.Ed.2d 179; United States v. Fruehauf, 365 U.S. 146, 81 S.Ct. 547, 5 L.Ed.2d 476 (1961).
Moreover, if the procedure followed by the Authority proves inadequate, HUD may well decide to provide for an appropriate hearing. Cf. 24 CFR §§ 1.1—1.12 (1968), which establish a detailed procedure to dispose of complaints of racial discrimination in any federally assisted program.
These same considerations lead us to conclude that it would be equally premature for us to reach a decision on petitioner's contention that it would violate due process for the Authority to evict her arbitrarily. That issue can be more appropriately considered if petitioner is in fact evicted arbitrarily. See Alabama State Federation of Labor v. McAdory, supra.


text:
Economic Development and Jobs!
Posted in 2012 Presidential Election, Campos Communications, Councilmember James Rodriguez, Harris County Democratic Party, Harris County GOP, Houston Astros, Houston City Council, Houston City Hall, Houston Elections, Houston Latino Politics, Houston METRO, Latino politics, Latino Vote in Texas, Latino Vote in Unitied States, Latino Voter Registration, Latino Voter Turnout, Major League Baseball, Marc Campos, Mayor Annise Parker, Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County, National GOP, Texas Democratic Party, Texas GOP, Texas Latino Politics, Texas Politics, U.S. Democratic Party on June 13, 2012| Leave a Comment »
"Economic Development and Jobs" was H-Town CM James Rodriguez's campaign slogan last year.
Here is what the Chron E-Board said when they endorsed CM Rodriguez's reelection last October:
In his two terms, Rodriguez has been a strong proponent of economic development within the district. He supports the Metro light rail line currently under construction along Harrisburg and worked to make sure a key segment includes an underpass to facilitate traffic flow.
Rodriguez also was heavily involved in the Dynamo soccer stadium project and expects a new hotel, to be built in the same area, will increase economic opportunities for local residents.
Here is from CM Rodriguez's Chron Op-Ed from April, 2010:
It's about jobs, economic growth and quality of life. There is no question that the construction on the stadium will create close to 1000 jobs. Development of surrounding retail, commercial, and residential areas will also add hundreds of part time, full time, and permanent employment.
Eight years ago we had 4 Downtown hotels with 1,800 rooms. Today we have 15 hotels with close to 5,000 rooms. You have to figure that this increase is due in part to the demand created by non residents visiting Houston to take in an Astros series, a Rockets game or a concert at Toyota Center. Now we can add Major League Soccer to the list.
The development that accompanies the construction of a major professional sports venue and a Downtown park will allow for the surrounding property values to increase.
It has now been two weeks since the 16-1 vote to Free Hobby and I've been meaning to mention the nice month of May for H-Town CM James Rodriguez. On Saturday, May 12, CM Rodriguez was beaming with pride at BBVA Compass Stadium for the inaugural match between the Dynamo and D.C. United. I heard he got a high five from just about every one of the 22,000 plus in attendance. CM Rodriguez's dogged efforts over the years to get the stadium built finally paid off. BBVA Compass Stadium is in CM Rodriguez's District I so he put in the time to make sure it got done right and on schedule. FYI: CM Rodriguez is always quick to credit The Mayor for getting this project moving right after she first took office.
Here if from an Op-Ed by CM Rodriguez that appeared in community newspapers a couple of months ago:
Because of the economic and social benefits associated with greater airline competition, the time is right to move forward with the proposed international expansion at Hobby Airport. More options in international air travel and greater competition will benefit Houston's business and leisure travelers, as well as create new jobs and business opportunities for Houstonians.
On Wednesday, May 30, CM Rodriguez was a key player in a major collaborative effort to Free Hobby by a whopping 16-1 vote. Here is what Commentary said the day after the 16-1 vote:
And of course, CM James Rodriguez's (my client) advocacy, playing the role of the whip, and offering strategic advice was essential in getting the deal done.
CM Rodriguez was there at the beginning when the Free Hobby movement was hatched. Hobby is also in District I and CM Rodriguez worked his arse off on this one.
FYI: Commentary will once again say what I said the day after the 16-1 vote:
It was an outstanding win for The H-Town Mayor and the City. The Mayor's leadership and handling of this issue was right on.
Oh, I also forgot that CM Rodriguez celebrated another BD in May.
How many times has a 'Stros pitcher started the game for the NL at an MLB All Star Game?
Here is from hoping you don't wish upon a star or maybe the Harris County Dem Chair should not have said anything department. It is from a Houston Press piece today about waiting on Godot, errr the local Latino vote to show up:
Democrats may presage the looming Hispanic vote, but the percentage of residents in this demographic who actually do so has, in fact, dropped. In 2004, roughly 42 percent of Latinos went to the polls. Then, in 2008, that number deflated to 38 percent. Two years ago, even lower: around 22 percent. Across the nation, the population of registered Hispanic voters shriveled from 11.6 million in 2008 to 10.9 million in 2010.
So what's going to make this year any different?
We asked that question to our local Democrats and, after some stuttering and hesitation, we got an answer on the Hispanic vote. "It's not going to happen this election," said Lane Lewis, Harris County Democratic chairman. "We're still waiting for it." He added: "Texas is already blue." Awkward pause. "In our hearts. People just aren't voting."
I'm sure the Chair will be 'splaining this today.
Here is the entire Press piece.
The Houston Press made it to last Saturday's workshop on "Ignorance Is Not a Texas Value: Electing a Smarter State Board of Education," put on by the Texas Freedom Network at the Lone Star State Democratic Convention.
Here is the Press's take on the workshop.
Speaking of yabba dabba doo public education thinking, a billboard or two will be going up around H-Town promoting the Creation Museum in Kentucky, I think.
Check out the story here.
The fight over the METRO GMPs has landed over at the County Courthouse. This one continues to get interesting.
Check out the Chron.com piece here.
Meanwhile the Harris County Commissioners Court delayed action on the future of Port Commissioner Jim Fonteno, Jr.
Here is the Chron.com blow-by-blow.
A few weeks or so ago the New Orleans Times-Picayune announced it was only going to print three days a week – yikes! They started informing staff about layoffs yesterday. The editor says their top priorities to cover will be New Orleans politics, culture, food, music and sports. What about NOLA business?
MLB fans still read Commentary. 'Stros second baseman Jose Altuve moved up a notch to fourth place in the All Star Game balloting. I guess MLB fans didn't finish reading all of Monday's Commentary because 'Stro shortstop Jed Lowrie still hasn't cracked the top 5 in the NL.
'Stros pitchers have started four MLB All Star Games for the NL of course: J.R. Richard (1980), Mike Scott (1986 and 1987), and The Rocket (2004).
Speaking of, I wonder if The Rocket jury will reach a verdict today.
We lost last night so we're now 7 ½ back.
Technorati Tags: Marc Campos,Campos Communications,Latino politics,Texas Latino Politics,Houston Latino Politics,Houston Politics,Harris County Politics,Texas Politics,National Politics,National Latino Politics,Houston Elections,Harris County Elections,Texas Elections,U.S. Elections,Houston area Latino Voter turnout and analysis,The Latino vote in Texas,Latino vote in Harris County,Latino Vote in the United States,Houston Astros,Major League Baseball,Houston City Hall,Houston City Council,Harris County Commissioners Court,Council Member James Rodriguez,Mayor Annise Parker,Metropolitan Transit Authority Of Harris County,Port of Houston Authority

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


This time a year ago, first-year Panther Creek coach Cameron Norris thought his Panthers still had some growing to do coming off a 2-8 season. Turns out, they grew up pretty quick.
Panther Creek didn't lose a game until running into Crowell in the Class 1A Division II regional final.
The Panthers, who finished the year 12-1, won more games than the previous four years combined and won a playoff game for the first time since 2009.
There's no reason the Panthers — ranked No. 10 in Texas Football magazine's Class 1A Division II state preseason poll — can't pull off another memorable season. They've got seven returning lettermen, including three starters on offense and four on defense. The guy who made it all work last season, tailback and linebacker J.C. McDonald, also is back. He ran for 1,271 yards and 25 touchdowns, while throwing for 869 yards and 18 scores.
Matthew Morris, a 5-foot-7, 150-pound junior quarterback and defensive back, also returns after running for 845 yards and 19 TDs for a powerful 1-2 punch with McDonald.
There are still some holes to fill, but Norris said last season's success has motivated his players for even more.
"We're going to try to get back to the regional finals and be prepared," he said. "They got a taste last year. Our problem is we've got to get past Moran, and we've got to play at their place this year because they played at our place last year. They're big and fast and physical with another year under their belt.
April 22, 2019, 9:06 p.m.


text:
Q: Condition in the queryset does not work I want to add a condition into a queryset of a form, this is my source code :
class ContainerForm(forms.ModelForm):
vehicle = forms.ModelChoiceField(required=False,queryset=Vehicle.objects.filter(id = vehicle.id),widget=forms.Select(attrs={'class':'form-control'}))

but while debugging it says vehicle.id is not defined! Any help would be appreciated!
my objective is to have dynamic field into my form

A: This is class definition. The variable vehicle is not defined when you construct ModelChoiceField. As simple as that.
What you're trying to do is to limit options of a model form's field depending on the instance.
See the documentation which handles your case:
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/forms/fields/#fields-which-handle-relationships

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The Nudge Wink Report has answered a burning question of mine with great skill and alacrity.
"Ask, Ask and Maybe We'll Answer" here on NWR.
This week's question comes from Larry in Pennsylvania, writer of the WordPress blog: idiotprufs. Larry, we're happy you found your way to The Nudge Wink Report. We hope what's about to happen doesn't make you regret your decision to become a fan of NWR. And you are a fan. Right?
If Mrs. Butterworth and Aunt Jemima had a bare-knuckle boxing match, who would win?
Tom : Most people don't know this, but "Mrs. Butterworth" and "Aunt Jemima" were actually ill-advised code names for famous cars. Sweet!


text:
On March 24, 2016 March 24, 2016 By Joel R. JohnsonIn Fishing, Random ThoughtsLeave a comment
Fly fishing, like a great many other sports has long been elite, predominantly enjoyed by white men, middle to upper class folk, who have the wherewithal to travel to remote places where trout live and afford the many items of gear necessary to experience the sport.
According to the 2016 Outdoor Recreation Participation Summary report published by the Outdoor Foundation (an nonprofit arm of the Outdoor Industry Association), fly fishing was enjoyed by a little over 6 million people in 2015. In general that number has not changed for the last ten years and there has been only a .5% change in the last three years. The 2015 Special Report on Fishing further shows that 3.6 million fly fish in freshwater. That's not a lot of anglers compared to the 40 million other Americans, or 15.8 percent of the U.S. population ages six and older, who participated in fishing in 2014. That's just 9%.
But while the overall numbers of fly anglers can seem static, the group is not monolithic and its in flux. In 2014, about 13% of fly anglers where new to the sport. Precisely one third of fly anglers were women, and African Americans and Hispanics were just over one fifth of fly anglers (about 10.5% each respectively). Of course, if your a member of the IFF or TU, two organizations that draw heavily from the core of fly anglers for members, you might not see the diversity reflected. If you don't fly fish that often, or travel often to fly fish, you might not see that diversity. But you don't have to look far. There are now over two dozen women's fly fishing groups, the most popular have hundreds of members. TU also has a thriving women's initiative aimed at recruiting and engaging more women members -not all, but many who fly fish or want to learn.
And increasingly, women and people of color can be seen on the water, both as anglers and guides. They are typically younger and as such are more likely to engage in different mediums than the previous generation of mostly white anglers – instead of subscribing to American Angler they are following dozens of their peers on Instagram. And that's not to say they aren't following fly fishing's icons (predominantly white men) – pick one – McGuane, Gierach, Apte – but they are also watching videos by like Through the Guides, featuring well-known guides Alvin Dedeaux or Hilary Hutcheson (who is also the co-owner and host of the largest cable fly fishing show, TROUT TV).
If you go to the Somerset Fly Fishing Show in New Jersey, its noticeable how diverse the crowd has become. Saltwater fly fishing is attracting Hispanic and latino anglers who are reflecting their unique stamp on the culture back through video and social media content – DJ Dan Decibel's films come to mind of young latinos fly fishing for peacock bass and tarpon around southern Florida. And then there's Chad Brown, owner of Soul River Runs Deep fly shop in Portland Oregon and charismatic veteran, teacher and fly fishing guide – if you're an outdoor enthusiast and you haven't heard of his groundbreaking work with veterans and inner city youth (predominantly people of color) then you really aren't following the fly fishing culture.
Many new brands are lowing the cost and barrier to entry while not sacrificing the performance necessary to enjoy the sport – Redington, Rise, Tenkara USA and TFO come to mind. Wal-mart is selling fly rods! Orvis has created an indispensible online library of fly fishing instruction and offers free classes to anyone in most of their locations. And of course the target species has also diversified – bass, carp, and other "rough" fish are now worthy targets on the fly thanks to a new generation of anglers (still mostly white) but younger and less tied to the traditions, who just believe the tug is the drug – any tug.
Still, it comes as no surprise that like golf, surfing, even hunting, there is a reaction to the change in the sport, who shows up in the locker room (or on the river) and the fact that it isn't a sport of priviliedge any longer. The same social media and online tools that democratize the experience of the sport, can be used to flail against the change. Such is the case last week when Chad Brown received a nasty Facebook post, racist and ignorant, railing against black people entering the sport. Chad shared it widely and the community – every part of the community – women, men, young, old, black, white, brown, guide, outfitter, business owner – rallied behind Chad to shout down the prejudice. Frankly, I think it was a turning point in our sport. As a highly positioned person of color in the industry (I'm CMO of Trout Unlimited, a national conservation nonprofit) and often time the only African American in the room at fly fishing events, or on the water, I can sometimes sense the unsaid statement – "this guy is evidence that my sport is changing and I'm not sure how I feel about that."
Well, I could just say, "get over it, the world has changed." The U.S. electorate this year will be the country's most racially and ethnically diverse ever according to Pew Research. Nearly one-in-three eligible voters on Election Day (31%) will be Hispanic, black, Asian or another racial or ethnic minority, up from 29% in 2012. By around 2020, "more than half of the nation's children are expected to be part of a minority race or ethnic group," the Census Bureau says. Minorities will be 56% of all Americans by 2060 at the current pace.
But simply dismissing ignorance with facts is not enough. Considering that growth in fly fishing is stagnant, I would offer that the future to the sport lies with diverse anglers. So it was heartening to see the fly angling community leap to Chad's defense. Someone was eventually going to react (and ignorantly) to the inevitability of the changes that are symptomatic of the shift in the demographics of the US. The outdoor community in general suffers from a diversity problem, but there is no shortage of good will to see it change, but change has been slow. These outbursts, attacks and temper tantrums against change (and there will be more) give us an opportunity to voice our own thoughts about how much we love fly fishing and for so many reasons, why we want to share it with the next generation, no matter who they are, the color of their skin, or the gender they identify with. These moments also give us a chance to ask ourselves – what am I doing to give others – everyone – the chance to experience this fun and positive connection to nature? Finally, and not the least of reasons we must come together to help bring more diverse people the joy of fishing, is that it can lead to an equal passion and commitment to conservation of our beloved outdoors.
Everyday I do my part as a member and lead marketer at TU (I recently initiated a grant to increase women's representation in fly fishing films with partners Orvis, Costa and the Fly Fishing Film Tour). I also teach and guide just a bit when asked by nice people. I got my brother and his buddies into the sport – they're Japanese American, African American. I think the key to this – is to spot an opportunity with one thought in mind, if you don't teach others to take it up, then you well, you're just using the resource for own pleasure, and really that's not at all what fly fishing is about.
On November 11, 2015 By Joel R. JohnsonIn Ephemera, Fishing, Random ThoughtsLeave a comment
On October 29, 2015 By Joel R. JohnsonIn Conservation, FishingLeave a comment
On October 6, 2015 October 6, 2015 By Joel R. JohnsonIn Conservation, FishingLeave a comment
Looking forward to this film. Gotta book with Alvin Dedeaux soon. I'm thinking next TU TROUTFest down in Austin next Feb.
Oh yeah. I know I've been gone from deadbait for 7 months, but I'm back baby.
Shad on My Mind
On March 27, 2015 April 9, 2015 By Joel R. JohnsonIn Conservation, Fishing, Life in the DistrictLeave a comment
Yes I have shad on my mind. I anxiously look out the window from my offices in Rosslyn overlooking the Theodore Roosevelt memorial, an island on the Potomac river. The TU National Capitol Chapter recently helped the National Park Service and local government to refurbish docks at the historic Fletcher's Cove boathouse to ensure anglers will be able to pursue this worthy fish in just a few weeks. Shad really were the food item that fueled the birth of this nation. You've got to pickup The Founding Fish by John McPhee if you're an angler or care about fisheries management. Melissa's Lesh's film just won first runner up at 2015 RVA Environmental Film Festival. Produced by VCU Life Sciences' Outreach Education Coordinator Anne Wright for the Science in the Park website, and narrated by former James River Park Manager Ralph White, the film documents the plight and management of blueback herring and American shad in the James River. The film features interviews with Michael Odom, Hatchery Manager of the Harrison Lake National Fish Hatchery, and Alan Weaver, Fish Passage Coordinator for the Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries.
Salmon River for First Great Lakes Steelhead
On March 5, 2015 By Joel R. JohnsonIn Fishing, TravelLeave a comment
So I turned 40 last year and my wife was gracious enough to allow me not one but two fishing trips with buddies. I took them throughout the fall and early winter. My first trip was to Pulaski in NY to the famed combat-fishing stream known as the Salmon River. For many East Coasters this is as good as it gets. An easy flight from the Eastern seaboard to Syracuse will land you within a 2-3 hour drive of several good migratory rivers off Lake Ontario for big browns, Chinook, Silver salmon, big resident rainbows, and two varieties of lake-run Steelhead (Skeena and Washington-strain). And because Canada stocks just about as much as the US, there's the genetic drift of their stocked salmonids as well. All this adds up to thousands of fish making runs into the Ontario tribs on both sides of the border to do one of two things – spawn, or eat spawn.
I called up my two closest fishing buddies, Mark and Daniel of the original Gowanus Noodlers, and we hit it in early November. Guests of the wonderful, new and luxe, Tailwater Lodge, we had impeccable accommodations in a converted schoolhouse that sits on the river. We were also guests of the Douglaston Salmon Run, a fine fishing camp that has the first two miles of the Salmon river. The camp's manager Garrett Brancy runs a tight ship. DSR as its known, belies the stereotypes of the combat fishing perception this river has. Yes, you've got to work hand in hand with your guides to stake out some water early and essentially park there to hold your spot in the river. And yes, you'll see lots of sports on the water (solitude this ain't). However, DSR is catch-and-release, has several riverwalkers to ensure regulations are being followed, and a very comfortable reservation system that creates fairness among anglers. An interesting fact, the Barclay family opened DSR as a private water sport fishery in 1989. The property has been in the family since 1807, when it was settled by Colonel Rufus Price, an aide-de-camp to General George Washington during the Revolutionary War. The Barclays advocate sound environmental practices in fisheries, farming, forestry, and natural resources management and are heavily involved with how the Salmon river is managed by the State.
With a very affordable day rate, I recommend you use DSR on your visit to the Salmon, especially if you are a fly angler. DSR is also a TU endorsed business and the same family is behind the new line of rods and reels from Douglass Outdoors. DSR has top notch guides who are experts in single and double-handed spey casting. We were most fortunate to hook up with Mike DeRosa and Dave "Rocky" Rockwell of Zero Limit Adventures who got us up early and on the water in the best position to fish by no later than 5am. Mike was one of the best guides I've ever had frankly – he was a patient instructor and guide and got 3 guys spey casting within just a few short hours. Importantly, he gave us the necessary tips to hook and land big fish. Sure, learning the fundamentals on the water cost us a few fish initially, but the river had more than enough to spare and soon we were into steelhead that would come in waves throughout the day, following the big chinooks that ran upstream often in front and behind us. Though it was cold and overcast, and often wet, we barely noticed it because we were so dialed-in to the fish. Our 11′ 7wt switch rods would zip out line in a steady rhythm between roll casts and spey casts. The line would come taut as our guides nymphs were sucked down by compliant chromers. Many fish were brought to hand by each of us.
In true fish-story fashion, at the very end of the second day after hot and heavy fishing, I had taken a long break to sit back and watch my buddies fish. I wanted to savor the moment and eventually went for the proverbial "last cast" and caught my largest great lakes steelhead of the trip. Rocky yelled "big fish! big fish!" when the feisty rainbow cartwheeled twice out of the water and then zipped downstream. We were desperate to keep her out of the rapids. With a dive Rocky went in and netted here. Words failed us all as we just soaked in the moment.
I know we were lucky, that this type of fishing just doesn't happen often, but I figured you know what, maybe I as due. I've prayed to the fish gods long and hard these many years, and all I really wanted was for my friends to have a good time. I smiled down on the steelhead before me, and gently released her back in the water, thanking God for such creations on this beautiful earth. And I think he smiled back on us.
Orvis X TU Collabo
On February 4, 2015 By Joel R. JohnsonIn Random ThoughtsLeave a comment
Another interesting project to share with you – this time we collaborated with Orvis to offer the ultimate dry fly rod in the H2 family to our newest Life Members. It was an honor and pleasure to work with the head designer Shawn Combs and fly fishing legend Tom Rosenbauer on this one. …now I really ought to work on getting my posts on Alaska and Pulaski up!
Wild Steelheaders United Launches
On November 21, 2014 By Joel R. JohnsonIn Conservation, FishingLeave a comment
Yesterday launched the new Trout Unlimited wild steelhead initiative known as Wild Steelheaders United. Across the nation and especially in the native range of steelhead (anadramous rainbow trout), we celebrated an invitation and a call-to-arms to come together to protect and conserve this most precious salmonid. In Boise, Juneau, Portland, Seattle, and Santa Cruz, TU threw a launch party where we screened some new films about the campaign, and shared the Wild Steelheaders United credo. We saw packed houses at each event, full of concerned anglers of every stripe who care deeply for steelhead.
In my short time at TU, I've been blessed to visit with TU members in over a dozen states, to fish for salmon in Bristol Bay, to fish with our TU Business members in Idaho, Colorado, New Mexico. I've been a part of engaging new corporate partners to support TU's mission and programs ranging from Far Bank (Sage, Redington, Rio) to Cortland Line. Each and every day I get to talk to our volunteers who continually amaze me with their tireless energy and passion. And I know we are making a difference. The Wild Steelhead Initiative has given me an opportunity to add to that rich well of experiences. We took a different tact with branding our campaign, reaching out to filmmakers, branding and digital marketing creatives who were steelheaders themselves to breathe life into the look and feel of this campaign – and we tapped the passion and expertise of our staff and volunteers to provide guidance on the substance. This campaign has only just begun, and it will truly come to life when anglers and people who love steelhead come together, take the pledge, and help us to ensure wild steelhead are around for the next generation of anglers.
Wild Steelheaders United believes…
Wild steelhead must be protected, restored and sustained.
Wild steelhead can thrive and support fishing opportunity.
It is not the type of fishing gear you use that counts, but how you fish and how you care for the resource.
In using sound science to manage steelhead.
In respectful dialogue to solve problems, not rigid ideological positions.
In short-term sacrifice for long-term, durable progress.
It is not possible to rebuild fishable wild steelhead populations in every river and that some rivers should be set aside for hatcheries.
Wild steelhead — and steelhead anglers — cannot wait for Providence or government agencies to deliver solutions.
Together we can make a difference.
Comebacks are possible.
Take the pledge and support Wild Steelheaders United.
Follow the campaign on Facebook, Twitter @wiildsteelheaders and with #besteelheaded, and visit Wildsteelheaders.org for more information.
Deadbait's Sharkweek
On August 14, 2014 By Joel R. JohnsonIn FishingLeave a comment


Celebrate Chinese New Year at Pretend City!
From tangram magnets to lucky red wallets, your children will learn so much about Chinese traditions and beliefs as they create works of art.
Dragon Dance will have your children believing they have journeyed to China to participate in this colorful, vibrant holiday. This story time will be followed by a custom and specialized handprint dragon activity.


text:
.class Lcom/android/settings/personalvibration/SelectPatternDialog$3;
.super Ljava/lang/Object;
.source "SelectPatternDialog.java"

# interfaces
.implements Landroid/content/DialogInterface$OnClickListener;

# annotations
.annotation system Ldalvik/annotation/EnclosingMethod;
    value = Lcom/android/settings/personalvibration/SelectPatternDialog;->showRenameDialog(I)Z
.end annotation

.annotation system Ldalvik/annotation/InnerClass;
    accessFlags = 0x0
    name = null
.end annotation

# instance fields
.field final synthetic this$0:Lcom/android/settings/personalvibration/SelectPatternDialog;

.field final synthetic val$EditPattern:Landroid/widget/TextView;

.field final synthetic val$imm:Landroid/view/inputmethod/InputMethodManager;

# direct methods
.method constructor <init>(Lcom/android/settings/personalvibration/SelectPatternDialog;Landroid/view/inputmethod/InputMethodManager;Landroid/widget/TextView;)V
    .locals 0

    iput-object p1, p0, Lcom/android/settings/personalvibration/SelectPatternDialog$3;->this$0:Lcom/android/settings/personalvibration/SelectPatternDialog;

    iput-object p2, p0, Lcom/android/settings/personalvibration/SelectPatternDialog$3;->val$imm:Landroid/view/inputmethod/InputMethodManager;

    iput-object p3, p0, Lcom/android/settings/personalvibration/SelectPatternDialog$3;->val$EditPattern:Landroid/widget/TextView;

    invoke-direct {p0}, Ljava/lang/Object;-><init>()V

    return-void
.end method

# virtual methods
.method public onClick(Landroid/content/DialogInterface;I)V
    .locals 3

    iget-object v0, p0, Lcom/android/settings/personalvibration/SelectPatternDialog$3;->val$imm:Landroid/view/inputmethod/InputMethodManager;

    iget-object v1, p0, Lcom/android/settings/personalvibration/SelectPatternDialog$3;->val$EditPattern:Landroid/widget/TextView;

    invoke-virtual {v1}, Landroid/widget/TextView;->getWindowToken()Landroid/os/IBinder;

    move-result-object v1

    const/4 v2, 0x0

    invoke-virtual {v0, v1, v2}, Landroid/view/inputmethod/InputMethodManager;->hideSoftInputFromWindow(Landroid/os/IBinder;I)Z

    return-void
.end method

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Colts are counting on their Lucky star
By Stephen Holder
stephen.holder@indystar.com
The Indianapolis Colts, in the midst of a 2-2 stretch that has undermined some of the good they did early in the season, have their share of problems.
The line of scrimmage is an issue on both offense and defense, the team's power running game looks punchless and its collection of wide receivers leave much to be desired.
The least of the team's problems is the man under center. Quarterback Andrew Luck is the best thing the Colts have going for them, the 24-year-old star seen as the team's best player.
But as the Colts attempt to pull themselves together and face a stretch run they hope builds momentum for the postseason, it can be argued that they need more from Luck.
It's not a criticism as much as a reality. Injuries and under-performance have so hamstrung the Colts in certain areas that their best hope to emerge from this stretch marked by embarrassing, lopsided losses is the same player they've counted on to make so many plays when they were most needed.
Just as Luck has worked his magic in 10 fourth-quarter or overtime comebacks in fewer than two full seasons, the Colts could use that kind of greatness, in large doses, from Luck the rest of the way.
"That's what great competitors do," right tackle Gosder Cherilus said.
The five-game stretch ahead of the Colts, beginning with Sunday's suddenly important AFC South matchup with the Tennessee Titans, presents both a test and an opportunity for Luck. He's coming off what was probably his worst game of the season, a subpar — by his lofty standards — performance against the Arizona Cardinals in a 40-11 loss.
Statistically, it was an out-of-character day for Luck. He posted his lowest quarterback rating (60.1) and completion rate (51 percent) of the season as well as the lowest yards-per-attempt average of his career (4.2).
There are reasons for the struggles. The lack of playmaking threats on offense is now glaring, attributable to key injuries. Unreliable pass protection remains an issue, with Luck constantly under duress from defenders — particularly from interior pressure.
And, at least against the Cardinals, the Colts had quite a formidable opponent.
Arizona had "a darned good defense," Colts coach Chuck Pagano said. "Always credit the opponent when credit is due. We won't take anything away. And of course, we knew it going in. They're active. The secondary gets up in your face and presses you. We're going to see the same thing this week."
So, yeah, Luck faces some real challenges. But facing those challenges and triumphing in spite of them is what great players are known for.
Luck is not a big-picture sort of guy, much too concerned with important details to be drawn into this conversation. But even he knows that the Colts' success the rest of the way hinges, in large part, on his play.
"I think it's getting positive first- and second-down completions and making third down easier," Luck said when asked where he could improve. "A lot of that falls on my shoulders, just getting positive yards."
He added, "I think guys (on this team) respond well to adversity. It's not going to be one guy that pulls a team through. It'll be a bunch."
That's true. That's why Luck needs help — from his receivers, from his offensive line, from his coaches. He can't fall victim to the temptation to do too much, either.
"The danger would be someone in this situation trying to do more than they have to do," backup quarterback Matt Hasselbeck said. "It can happen to anyone. You might (as a team) try to put too much on someone that you trust. And (Luck) is certainly someone we trust."
But the Colts seem to have lost their way. And at times like these, teams have to rely on their go-to players.
"Our leaders, they have to step up and they will step up," Pagano said. "They'll lead us."
For the Colts, there is no bigger leader — or more talented one — than Luck. And the Colts need him to show that like he never has before.
"He's done it countless times, over and over and over," Cherilus said. "He's one of the best. His upside is so good. I'm excited to be here and hopefully we have many more years together because I know if we do what we have to do, he's going to take us to a place where only a few guys in this locker room have been before."
Call Star reporter Stephen Holder at (317) 444-6520. Follow him on Twitter: @HolderStephen.


text:
PG&E fined $4 million in deaths of 84 people in 2018 fire
By Michael Liedtke
SAN FRANCISCO - Pacific Gas & Electric on Thursday was fined $4 million for the deaths of 84 people killed in a nightmarish Northern California wildfire ignited by the its long-neglected electrical grid. The sentencing comes as the nation's largest utility prepares to end a 17-month bankruptcy proceeding triggered by the catastrophe.
The maximum penalty assessed by Butte County Superior Court Judge Micahel Deems was a mere formality, given that PG&E reached a plea agreement three months ago to resolve manslaughter and other charges. They stemmed from a November 2018 inferno that wiped out Paradise, California, a town located 170 miles northeast of San Francisco.
Deems rebuked PG&E for its "callous disregard" for human life and pointed out that if an individual had confessed to the same crimes as the company did, he would have been able to order a sentence of 90 years in state prison.
But as a corporation, PG&E can not be imprisoned, forcing the judge to issue the maximum fine allowed under California law. Although PG&E has been in bankruptcy since early last year, the penalty won't leave a big financial dent, given that it brought in $17 billion in revenue last year.
PG&E's harshest punishment came in the form of a public shaming that laid bare the horrific toll of its reckless behavior. The company's dereliction also was detailed in a summary of a scathing grand jury report.
The sentencing came after two days of courtroom drama that included PG&E's outgoing CEO, Bill Johnson, solemnly pleading guilty on behalf of the San Francisco company for 84 felony counts of involuntary manslaughter while starting at pictures of each victim. The families of the dead then spent an emotionally draining day in court telling the heartbreaking stories of their anguish and venting their anger.
PG&E used the proceedings to express its regret for the lethal decisions that caused the fire and has promised to overhaul a corporate culture that long emphasized boosting profits for investors over protecting the safety of the 16 million people who rely on the utility for power.
"On behalf of everyone at PG&E, I am truly sorry for the terrible loss of life and the physical and emotional damage resulting from the fire," said a PG&E board member, Bill Smith, who will replace Johnson as the company's interim CEO June 30.
"Ï recognize no apology, no plea, no sentencing can undo that damage," Smith continued in his statement of contrition to Deems. "And no passage of time can lessen the anguish that we heard expressed in this courtroom.
"All of us know actions speak louder than words. We have taken action and we will continue to take action to combat the growing threat of wildfires. and to keep our customers and our communities safe."
PG&E is about to be given a new financial life with the imminent approval of its $58 billion plan for getting out of bankruptcy. U.S. Bankruptcy Judge Dennis Montali said late Wednesday that he intends to approve PG&E's plan Friday after some minor details are worked out.
The complex plan includes $13.5 billion earmarked for the survivors of the firee, as well as tens of thousands of other people who lost family, homes and businesses in other catastrophic wildfires caused by PG&E's crumbling equipment during 2017 and 2018.
Before that happens, PG&E had to endure one more day of castigation in a bucolic community that is still struggling to recover from the devastation left behind by the 2018 fire, which burned through 153,000 acres. Nearly 19,000 buildings were destroyed, including about 14,000 homes. Prosecutors said 85 people died in the blaze, but could not find the company culpable for one of the deaths.


Home / Art / My guest christmas post for Haymes Paint.
As an artist I am fussy when it comes to the products I use. This year I have painted several Murals (and our house), using primarily Haymes Paint as it is a pleasure to work with. The colours are great and the paint has a nice thick consistency, (I am not being paid to say this I promise!) (Not yet anyway!).
Anyhow, when Haymes got in touch with me recently, to see if I could do something to contribute to their series of christmas themed blog posts, I immediately had some great ideas for murals come to mind. Then, admittedly, the little issue of time crept up, and I realised I needed something, quick, easy and requiring a minimum of fuss.
You can see the full tutorial here on the Haymes website.
Merry Christmas Everyone.. May it be full of serenity..


Information Technology is highly valued at the University, and chances are available for students from all departments to enhance their knowledge in the field. Students at the department study computing skills at the foundation stage which helps them through out their academic study. The department provides certain hours for Information Technology courses with accredited credits.
Students from higher stages are also provided with certain courses about the techniques of researching and web searching as well. Certain Seminars are held for third stages about the techniques of writing and researching through technological tools.


text:
Tennis: Men Pick Up Win Against UCI, SMU, Women Fall to Santa Clara, SMU
February 21, 2012 at 4:18 pm by David Russo
After a pair of losses last weekend, the No. 62 UCSB men's tennis team bounced back with a 5-2 win at No. 55 UC Irvine yesterday and a 4-3 win over SMU on Saturday. Santa Barbara improves to 6-4 overall and 1-0 in the Big West. In other action, the No. 65 women's team finished its long weekend with a 7-0 loss at Santa Clara yesterday after beating San Francisco 4-3 on Sunday and losing at No. 36 St. Mary's on Saturday 6-1.
"We're feeling great; it was kind of a must-win situation for us [this weekend]," freshman Greg Scott said. "Now we're confident that we're gonna win the Big West … we know we can beat any team we play."
The Anteaters (1-5, 0-1) took the doubles point by winning at the No. 1 and 2 courts, but the Gauchos almost swept the singles matches, only losing at No. 3 in three sets.
"It's good to start conference with a win; this gives us a little momentum," Head Coach Marty Davis said. "Ziad Sultan was really good again [winning 6-1, 6-2 at No. 6], he's on fire … [Mathieu] Forget played great at No. 1 as well."
Saturday's dramatic match against SMU (3-3) was ultimately decided between Mischa Nowicki and Scott. After dropping the doubles point, the Gauchos took three of the first five singles matches to finish, all of which were decided in just two sets, leaving No. 3 singles to break the tie. After Scott took the first set 7-5, Nowicki won the second by the same score, but Scott rallied for a 6-3 win in front of the home crowd.
"The last set I was just trying to hang tough … I was just trying to survive out there to be honest," Scott said.
Sultan was dominant in the No. 6 position, winning 6-0, 6-0; Forget won No. 1 6-2, 6-4; and junior Mbonisi Ndimande won No. 5 6-2, 6-0.
"We can take away a little bit of confidence … you can definitely tell we have some heart on this team," Davis said. "I was really disappointed with the doubles, [but] the guys are pretty good with moving on."
UCSB returns home on Saturday for another conference duel, against UC Davis at 1 p.m.
The UCSB women's tennis squad (2-6) was swept for the only time this season at Santa Clara (6-2) after starting well with an 8-6 win at No.1 doubles by senior Jordan Dockendorf and sophomore Kiersten Meehan before losing at the No. 2 and 3 courts. Freshman April Scatliffe forced a tiebreaker in No. 3 singles before falling 3-6, 6-3, 8-10, but the Gauchos were unable to force a third set in the other matches.
At San Francisco (1-4), Santa Barbara was able to come back after barely dropping the doubles point to take four of the six singles matches for its first road win of the year as Dockendorf clinched the victory in the No. 6 spot with a 7-6 (4), 6-2 score. Senior Natalia Lozano (No. 1) and Scatliffe (No. 4) were also able to overcome first set losses to win in three sets, while Meehan won 6-4, 6-3 at No. 3.
As for St. Mary's (3-2), sophomore Paola Cos picked up the only point for the Gauchos in the No. 5 spot 6-7, 6-3, 10-6. Next up for UCSB is another match away from home, Thursday at USC at 1:30 p.m.


Can You Cook Raw Turmeric?
You can cook raw turmeric. In fact, you must cook it to make much more nutrition available, to make it even worthwhile eating.
Mammals cannot digest raw turmeric efficiently and very important curcuminoids will not be absorbed without heat and oil. Basic facts.
You'll only get about 3% of nutrients if eaten raw, much like the carrot and tomato (not many people realise this), and similar to the potato, turmeric is made up of tough starches and needs heat first to break down barriers, better for digestion.
We will always tell you to cook your turmeric - it's facts - it is notoriously hard to absorb, and that's why we always advise adding coconut oil and black pepper to significantly improve metabolism and effects as well. Don't waste your time otherwise (like grating, juicing, etc.) unless you just like the taste.
Are you not finding any real benefit eating turmeric?
Are you eating it correctly?
The Golden Paste recipe is the best way for you to prepare turmeric, and then you can add it to other dishes and drinks if you like, but never reheat it once cooked.
We suggest getting high-quality turmeric powder to make the paste. Raw/fresh turmeric is bothersome to prepare, having the powder ready is a huge advantage.
Turmeric powder has been cooked/boiled, then dehydrated shrinking about 70%, then ground up into a powder but it has been activated in this way, much better to digest. You can replicate this method. The powder is better than raw, Golden Paste is better than powder.
Avoid supermarket varieties and cheap, bargain-priced items, find good quality ingredients at your local organic health food store and buy in bulk to save yourself money.
It's not the easiest way to make Golden Paste. You can grate raw turmeric to make up the powder in the recipe (x 5 = 2 1/2 cups or 300g) and you will also need to adjust the amount of water since the powder doesn't contain any.
Even if you add the basic ingredients (coconut oil and black pepper) with turmeric powder, into a smoothie, sandwich or whatever you're making, powder will always be better than raw turmeric.
Turmeric powder keeps for years (keep away from heat and sunlight) and costs about $40/kg for premium stuff. You can find some online and we have built a list of reputable places - see if your area is here.
Are you growing your own turmeric at home?
It's a great (hardy) plant, good for subtropical regions above (zone) 9 and can be potted. Find out more here - HOW to grow turmeric (soon).
You can make your own powder, many people do, just need a few things first and we'll show you - HOW to make turmeric powder (soon).


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Tremplin.io
Bitcoin (BTC): MicroStrategy raises $500 million to invest
MicroStrategy, the company specializing in software publishing, plans a fundraising campaign of 500 million dollars. She will sell class A shares to raise the expected sum. Some of this money will bewill turn to finance its investments in Bitcoin. The news was made public through a financial filing filed with the SEC last Friday.
.@MicroStrategy would consider selling up to $500 million of Class A common stock to recharge in #Bitcoin 👀🔥#btc #crypto #microstrategy pic.twitter.com/d0ljpNKc0o
— Goku 🔥 (@Crypto__Goku) September 10, 2022
MicroStrategy raises funding to invest in Bitcoin
MicroStrategy: selling stocks to reinvest in Bitcoin?
MicroStrategythe business intelligence software publisher, intends to sell shares to finance investments. The structure announced its future investment plans in a financial document submitted to the SEC last Friday. Indeed, the company thus wishes raise $500 million that it intends to partially invest in Bitcoin (BTC). To achieve its ends, the publisher is counting on the sale of Class A shares.
MicroStrategy continues to pull out all the stops to ensure this operation runs smoothly. For example, it has delegated two agents for the occasion. These two agents will take on the role of intermediaries in the sale of assets. Its choice is strategic, since it collaborates with BTIG and Cowen and Company, two banking institutions specializing in investment. If the two banks manage to finalize the transaction, they could get away with 2% of the total sales made.
We will nevertheless retain the publisher's desire to remain transparent throughout the procedure. For example, the company admits that only part of the targeted 500 million will be invested in Bitcoin: "We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering for general corporate purposes, including acquiring bitcoin. », the company said.
A change of course after the departure of Michael Saylor?
the Withdrawal of the ex-CEO of MicroStrategy generates some speculation. Some crypto industry players fear that his departure will force the company to review its entire investment strategy. Certainly, the company admits that its former boss has an important influence, but this does not mean that it will question its entire strategy. The change of direction initiated by the company would rather have legal justifications, confesses MicroStrategy. Finally, it recognizes that its current strategy focused on Bitcoin presents risks.
Regarding the influence of its former leader, the company specifies that: "Because of the rights of our two classes of common stock and the fact that we are controlled by Michael J. Saylor, Mr. Saylor could prevent a third party from acquiring us or limit the ability of our other shareholders to influence the affairs of the company. business, which could make our Class A common stock less attractive. ".
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text:
By Jerry Zgoda
All tickets have been distributed for tonight's camp-closing scrimmage at Bresnan Arena in Mankato, but you watch it streamed live on www.timberwolves.com.
Opening tap is 7 p.m.
Everybody should be good to go, except for veteran center John Thomas, who's hamstring has kept him out of much of camp.
Kevin Love is expected to play after missing Tuesday morning's practice with that swollen knee on which he got a precautionary MRI that proved negative.
Expect Kurt Rambis to mix teams up during the scrimmage itself, so they'll probably be some jersey swapping.
Should be fun to get the real good look at Mike Beasley, Wes Johnson, Martell Webster, Nikola Pekovic, etc.
I'll jump on here from time to time and add a running commentary to this posting.
West Metro Charges: Siblings were walking home when driver killed him, injured her
More From Sports
Paolo Banchero's rookie season will include a trip to NBA All-Star weekend.
Diana Taurasi's USA Basketball career isn't done just yet.
Brace yourself. There's going to be some angry people in the NBA on Thursday night.
It's fun to pretend to be a general manager — but not to be a real one
From the NBA trade machine to a tool that lets you make NFL cuts and additions to reshape rosters, it's a great time to be an armchair GM. But the real moves are much harder.
The NFL didn't put on its Sunday best for the conference championships.


2018 is drawing to a close and I'm keen to pick up my project again next year. I'm often pushed for time, but since we all carry smart phones these days there isn't really any excuse!
As I sort though my parents house, having lost my lovely Mum and Dad over the last three years there are lots of grab shots of bits and bobs that I hope make us all smile a little bit. Time is limited for the set up shots but I hope to get back there one day soon.
Total enthusiastic amateur.......I love taking photos and I love looking back on old photos. I'm really looking forward to learning lots of new things, trying stuff I've never done before and hopefully ending up with some great pictures and perhaps being a better photographer!
I live in Hampshire, in the UK with hubby and daughter (just 8), I've been working in Southampton for only nine months after 25 years in London, so this is a great opportunity to get out and get to know my new "work City" just a little bit better too. For now it's winter, with record rainfall here in the UK, so lots of indoor close up shots to start with!
So, now it's August and I feel an update coming on. In recent weeks work has been full on and keeping up has been hard. I nearly quit, but since I started this project for me alone I really want to keep it going. There are a number of fillers and I know that some of you would feel that is unacceptable in your projects, but I work full time at the day job, and have Little D to spend time with (who features in many of my snaps) and I'm learning bucket loads about my camera, I'm not seeking to be a pro, just a bit more proficient.... so I'm happy.
I love the camaraderie on the 365 project. I value every single view, comment and especially the FAVS, and if I never say thank you to you individually then I'm sorry......but I really really do thank you!!


text:
Q: Trying to connect React and Java resulted in browser showing a blank page I have been following tutorial by Spring about using Boot and React together (I have limited experience with React and JavaScript): https://spring.io/guides/tutorials/react-and-spring-data-rest/
I have finished the set-up phase, API is working, java-side is probably working as well, but the localhost only returns a blank page (React doesn't hook to the element in DOM).
I have a minimal knowledge of webpack. I have followed the tutorial step-by-step (but of course might have made an error alogn the way). I have modified pom.xml and see node folder in the target folder.
The tutorial mentions that "JavaScript developers typically use npm to build up a package.json file like the one below" and attaches the code, but doesn't specify location for this file.
I have created this package.json, located in the root of the project:
{
  "name": "spring_rest_react",
  "version": "0.0.1",
  "dependencies": {
    "react": "^16.5.2",
    "react-dom": "^16.5.2",
    "rest": "^1.3.1"
  },
  "scripts": {
    "watch": "webpack --watch -d"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@babel/core": "^7.1.0",
    "@babel/preset-env": "^7.1.0",
    "@babel/preset-react": "^7.0.0",
    "babel-loader": "^8.0.2",
    "webpack": "^4.19.1",
    "webpack-cli": "^3.1.0"
  }
}

webpack.config.js is in the same location with following code copied from the tutorial:
var path = require('path');

module.exports = {
    entry: './src/main/js/app.js',
    devtool: 'sourcemaps',
    cache: true,
    mode: 'development',
    output: {
        path: __dirname,
        filename: './src/main/resources/static/built/bundle.js'
    },
    module: {
        rules: [
            {
                test: path.join(__dirname, '.'),
                exclude: /(node_modules)/,
                use: [{
                    loader: 'babel-loader',
                    options: {
                        presets: ["@babel/preset-env", "@babel/preset-react"]
                    }
                }]
            }
        ]
    }
};

I think that I missed something with the webpack. The tutorial says that it should be "defined", but doesn't describe how or where exactly.
I would really appreciate pointing out the error I am doing. I have always used create-react-app until now, this is the first time I am trying to connect it to the Java and I am a bit lost.

A: This problem arises, because of the default settings of webpack.config.js which you can find under

{YOUR_PROJECT_DIRECTORY}/node_modules/react-scripts/config/webpack.config.js

find the property const shouldUseRelativeAssetPaths and change the value from

const shouldUseRelativeAssetPaths = publicPath === './'

to

const shouldUseRelativeAssetPaths = publicPath === '.'.

Rebuild your project, and the issue will most probably be fixed.

A: He tells you to add
<plugin>
    <groupId>com.github.eirslett</groupId>
    <artifactId>frontend-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>

but in fact if you look at the github archive there is a parent pom.xml.  If you don't use that, you really need to add
                        <plugin>
                                <groupId>com.github.eirslett</groupId>
                                <artifactId>frontend-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                                <version>1.9.1</version>
                                <configuration>
                                        <installDirectory>target</installDirectory>
                                </configuration>
                                <executions>
                                        <execution>
                                                <id>install node and npm</id>
                                                <goals>
                                                        <goal>install-node-and-npm</goal>
                                                </goals>
                                                <configuration>
                                                        <nodeVersion>v12.14.0</nodeVersion>
                                                        <npmVersion>6.13.4</npmVersion>
                                                </configuration>
                                        </execution>
                                        <execution>
                                                <id>npm install</id>
                                                <goals>
                                                        <goal>npm</goal>
                                                </goals>
                                                <configuration>
                                                        <arguments>install</arguments>
                                                </configuration>
                                        </execution>
                                        <execution>
                                                <id>webpack build</id>
                                                <goals>
                                                        <goal>webpack</goal>
                                                </goals>
                                        </execution>
                                </executions>
                        </plugin>

also, there are the javascript modules src/main/js/client.js and src/main/js/api/* that you need to get out of the github archive.


Lawmakers should reject proposals that would make wind power harder to produce.
AUGUSTA — When it comes to increasing the state's energy independence, reducing our reliance on fossil fuels and protecting our environment, few sources of energy can compete with the benefits of clean, renewable wind energy. As the Maine Legislature considers several bills that would make it much harder for wind to be a central piece of our state's clean energy future, it's important to look at the facts.
There are a lot of proven reasons to be excited about wind energy in Maine, and I'm not the only person who is so enthusiastic in my support. A recent poll showed that support for wind energy is shared by an overwhelming 87 percent of Mainers, who said that it is the kind of clean, emission-free renewable energy that our state should be prioritizing.
Jeremy Payne is executive director of the Maine Renewable Energy Association in Augusta.
Despite constant efforts by a vocal few to mislead Mainers about wind energy, people from every part of our state, and all across the political spectrum, strongly support wind energy. I often hear from supporters of wind energy who are pleased with how wind projects are keeping our air and water clean, and boosting our local communities.
Wind energy is clean and great for our environment. In a November report, Environment Maine noted that Maine wind farms generated more than 880,000 megawatt-hours, all from the power of the wind, displacing other, much dirtier forms of energy.
Using clean, renewable wind energy to generate this electricity means that Maine's air was spared 534,700 metric tons of carbon dioxide. That reduction in carbon dioxide is equivalent to removing more than 100,000 cars from the road.
And it's not just carbon dioxide, either; using the wind to create electricity reduces other harmful, polluting emissions. In 2012, wind energy in Maine avoided more than 500 tons of nitrogen oxide, the chemical that leads to smog, and more than 620 tons of sulfur dioxide, which can lead to soot and acid rain.
All forms of energy have some impact, but since wind energy doesn't require burning fuel, it's hard to compete with in terms of cleanliness and sustainability. Well-sited wind projects reduce the impact on wildlife and its habitat, and help increase Maine's energy independence.
In the United States, the leading creator of greenhouse gases – which are dirtying our air and changing our climate – is the generation of electricity.
As we shift more and more of electricity generation to safe, clean, renewable sources like wind, tidal, hydropower, biomass and solar, we can enjoy cleaner air and a healthier environment. Its role in improving the quality of our air and the health of our environment is why wind energy has earned the support of America's leading group working for healthy lungs and healthy air, the American Lung Association.
Wind energy has tremendous pricing benefits for Maine ratepayers – individuals and business owners. A study from ISO-New England found that for every megawatt of new wind that is added to the system, New England wholesale rates may be reduced by $354,000 each year.
This is true because wind energy, and other renewables, can offer much needed price stabilization. Unlike volatile fossil fuels, which can and will spike as demand fluctuates around the nation, wind is both constant and free. That means lower, more stable prices for Maine families and businesses.
Wind energy benefits and stabilizes our economy by offering alternatives to finite energy sources that are all shipped in from out-of-state, and it is a vital and growing part of our economy. In Maine, wind energy has directly created hundreds of jobs and has benefited hundreds more local business. Additionally, wind energy brings much-needed tax revenues to towns.
Wind energy developers have worked closely with nonprofits, community groups and towns to ensure maximum economic benefit for the regions surrounding wind projects. These investments have led to lower local taxes, funding for public safety and educational programs, and the ability to build new recreational trails and conserve land in Maine.
Businesses and residents across the state agree; Republicans, Democrats and independents agree: Wind energy is good for Maine. We hope Maine lawmakers will agree, too, and will stop efforts to end wind energy as we know it in Maine, and make future investment impossible.
There is no one energy source that is the perfect solution for Maine. However, with its proven benefits for our environment and economy, we'd be foolhardy not to prominently feature wind as one of the leading elements of Maine's clean energy future.