text:
Merge MLP And CNN in Keras
What's the difference between data science, machine learning, and artificial intelligence?
[This article was first published on Variance Explained, and kindly contributed to R-bloggers]. (You can report issue about the content on this page here)
When I introduce myself as a data scientist, I often get questions like "What's the difference between that and machine learning?" or "Does that mean you work on artificial intelligence?" I've responded enough times that my answer easily qualifies for my "rule of three":
When you've written the same code 3 times, write a function
When you've given the same in-person advice 3 times, write a blog post
— David Robinson (@drob) November 9, 2017
The fields do have a great deal of overlap, and there's enough hype around each of them that the choice can feel like a matter of marketing. But they're not interchangeable: most professionals in these fields have an intuitive understanding of how particular work could be classified as data science, machine learning, or artificial intelligence, even if it's difficult to put into words.
So in this post, I'm proposing an oversimplified definition of the difference between the three fields:
Data science produces insights
Machine learning produces predictions
Artificial intelligence produces actions
To be clear, this isn't a sufficient qualification: not everything that fits each definition is a part of that field. (A fortune teller makes predictions, but we'd never say that they're doing machine learning!) These also aren't a good way of determining someone's role or job title ("Am I a data scientist?"), which is a matter of focus and experience. (This is true of any job description: I write as part of my job but I'm not a professional writer).
But I think this definition is a useful way to distinguish the three types of work, and to avoid sounding silly when you're talking about it. It's worth noting that I'm taking a descriptivist rather than a prescriptivist approach: I'm not interested in what these terms "should mean", but rather how people in the field typically use them.
Data science is distinguished from the other two fields because its goal is an especially human one: to gain insight and understanding. Jeff Leek has an excellent definition of the types of insights that data science can achieve, including descriptive ("the average client has a 70% chance of renewing") exploratory ("different salespeople have different rates of renewal") and causal ("a randomized experiment shows that customers assigned to Alice are more likely to renew than those assigned to Bob").
Again, not everything that produces insights qualifies as data science (the classic definition of data science is that it involves a combination of statistics, software engineering, and domain expertise). But we can use this definition to distinguish it from ML and AI. The main distinction is that in data science there's always a human in the loop: someone is understanding the insight, seeing the figure, or benefitting from the conclusion. It would make no sense to say "Our chess-playing algorithm uses data science to choose its next move," or "Google Maps uses data science to recommend driving directions".
This definition of data science thus emphasizes:
Experiment design
Data scientists might use simple tools: they could report percentages and make line graphs based on SQL queries. They could also use very complex methods: they might work with distributed data stores to analyze trillions of records, develop cutting-edge statistical techniques, and build interactive visualizations. Whatever they use, the goal is to gain a better understanding of their data.
I think of machine learning as the field of prediction: of "Given instance X with particular features, predict Y about it". These predictions could be about the future ("predict whether this patient will go into sepsis"), but they also could be about qualities that aren't immediately obvious to a computer ("predict whether this image has a bird in it"). Almost all Kaggle competitions qualify as machine learning problems: they offer some training data, and then see if competitors can make accurate predictions about new examples.
There's plenty of overlap between data science and machine learning. For example, logistic regression can be used to draw insights about relationships ("the richer a user is the more likely they'll buy our product, so we should change our marketing strategy") and to make predictions ("this user has a 53% chance of buying our product, so we should suggest it to them").
Models like random forests have slightly less interpretability and are more likely to fit the "machine learning" description, and methods such as deep learning are notoriously challenging to explain. This could get in the way if your goal is to extract insights rather than make predictions. We could thus imagine a "spectrum" of data science and machine learning, with more interpretable models leaning towards the data science side and more "black box" models on the machine learning side.
Most practitioners will switch back and forth between the two tasks very comfortably. I use both machine learning and data science in my work: I might fit a model on Stack Overflow traffic data to determine which users are likely to be looking for a job (machine learning), but then construct summaries and visualizations that examine why the model works (data science). This is an important way to discover flaws in your model, and to combat algorithmic bias. This is one reason that data scientists are often responsible for developing machine learning components of a product.
Artificial intelligence is by far the oldest and the most widely recognized of these three designations, and as a result it's the most challenging to define. The term is surrounded by a great deal of hype, thanks to researchers, journalists, and startups who are looking for money or attention.
When you're fundraising, it's AI
When you're hiring, it's ML
When you're implementing, it's linear regression
When you're debugging, it's printf()
— Baron Schwartz (@xaprb) November 15, 2017
This has led to a backlash that strikes me as unfortunate, since it means some work that probably should be called AI isn't described as such. Some researchers have even complained about the AI effect: "AI is whatever we can't do yet".1 So what work can we fairly describe as AI?
One common thread in definitions of "artificial intelligence" is that an autonomous agent executes or recommends actions (e.g. Poole, Mackworth and Goebel 1998, Russell and Norvig 2003). Some systems I think should described as AI include:
Game-playing algorithms (Deep Blue, AlphaGo)
Robotics and control theory (motion planning, walking a bipedal robot)
Optimization (Google Maps choosing a route)
Natural language processing (bots2)
Again, we can see a lot of overlap with the other fields. Deep learning is particuarly interesting for straddling the fields of ML and AI. The typical use case is training on data and then producing predictions, but it has shown enormous success in game-playing algorithms like AlphaGo. (This is in contrast to earlier game-playing systems, like Deep Blue, which focused more on exploring and optimizing the future solution space).
But there are also distinctions. If I analyze some sales data and discover that clients from particular industries renew more than others (extracting an insight), the output is some numbers and graphs, not a particular action. (Executives might use those conclusions to change our sales strategy, but that action isn't autonomous) This means I'd describe my work as data science: it would be cringeworthy to say that I'm "using AI to improve our sales."
please do not write that someone who trained an algorithm has "harnessed the power of AI"
— Dave Gershgorn (@davegershgorn) September 18, 2017
The difference between artificial intelligence and machine learning is a bit more subtle, and historically ML has often been considered a subfield of AI (computer vision in particular was a classic AI problem). But I think the ML field has largely "broken off" from AI, partly because of the backlash described above: most people who to work on problems of prediction don't like to describe themselves as AI researchers. (It helped that many important ML breakthroughs came from statistics, which had less of a presence in the rest of the AI field). This means that if you can describe a problem as "predict X from Y," I'd recommend avoiding the term AI completely.
by today's definition, y=mx+b is an artificial intelligence bot that can tell you where a line is going
— Amy Hoy ✨ (@amyhoy) March 29, 2017
Case study: how would the three be used together?
Suppose we were building a self-driving car, and were working on the specific problem of stopping at stop signs. We would need skills drawn from all three of these fields.
Machine learning: The car has to recognize a stop sign using its cameras. We construct a dataset of millions of photos of streetside objects, and train an algorithm to predict which have stop signs in them.
Artificial intelligence: Once our car can recognize stop signs, it needs to decide when to take the action of applying the brakes. It's dangerous to apply them too early or too late, and we need it to handle varying road conditions (for example, to recognize on a slippery road that it's not slowing down quickly enough), which is a problem of control theory.
Data science: In street tests we find that the car's performance isn't good enough, with some false negatives in which it drives right by a stop sign. After analyzing the street test data, we gain the insight that the rate of false negatives depends on the time of day: it's more likely to miss a stop sign before sunrise or after sunset. We realize that most of our training data included only objects in full daylight, so we construct a better dataset including nighttime images and go back to the machine learning step.
It doesn't help that AI is often conflated with general AI, capable of performing tasks across many different domains, or even superintelligent AI, which surpasses human intelligence. This sets unrealistic expectations for any system described as "AI". ↩
By "bots" here I'm referring to systems meant to interpret natural language and then respond in kind. This can be distinguished from text mining, where the goal is to extract insights (data science) or text classification, where the goal is to categorize documents (machine learning) ↩
To leave a comment for the author, please follow the link and comment on their blog: Variance Explained.


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Posted on 30th August 2014 7th December 2015 by planethour
Green clearance test for NDA
FROM DOWN TO EARTH SEPTEMBER 15 2014 BY SUNITA NARAIN
Environmentalists are rightly alarmed that the NDA government is busy dismantling the environmental regulatory system in the country. Over the past two months, the media has reported that clearances for projects, from mining to roads, have been fast-tracked. While the web¬site of the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MOEF) has not been updated in August, in the two months till July end, forest clearance was granted to over 92 pro¬jects, which will divert some 1,600 hectares of forest. More recently, it was reported that the National Board for Wildlife has processed many projects located near or in sanctuaries and national parks.
Additionally, rules are being changed, purportedly to speed up the process. This is being done in mainly two ways. One, as much as possible, MOEF is push¬ing decision-making to the states –Read more
Posted on 28th August 2014 by planethour
HT power lines prove bane of farmers
HT power lines passing through agriculture land in Nellore district.- PHOTO: K. RAVIKUMAR /FROM THE HINDU
TEXT AND PICTURE: THE HINDU DATED: AUGUST 25 2014 BY G. RAVIKIRAN
At a time when the land owners are making fortunes by selling their properties, for Kavali Venkatesh, a poor farmer, who possesses 1.5 acres at Painapuram in Muthukur mandal, it has become a worry.
Mr. Venkatesh, who has been offered up to Rs. 30 lakh for the piece of land till a year ago, now finds no takers for it. The trouble began when the nearby thermal power project laid high tension lines through this land.
None come forward now to buy the land due to the HT line.
Mr. Venkatesh has eight children and some of them are working with him at his small aquaculture firm to eke out living.
Include millets in PDS for food and nutritional security, demand scientists
Text from: downtoearth.org.in
Dated: August 22 2014 By Kumar Sambhav Shrivastava
While the Union government plans to restructure the Food Corporation of India (FCI), agriculture scientists and nutrition experts are recommending that effective millet management should be included in the Public Distribution System (PDS) of the country. The step is important to achieve the food and nutrition security for the small and marginal tribal farming communities, they say.
Recently, the ministry of consumer affairs, food and public distribution constituted a committee to restructure FCI in order to put a check on high cost and high wastage in food procurement and its distribution to consumers. One of the mandates of the committee is to suggest ways to make PDS, a scheme through which FCI procures grains from the farmers and distributes them to consumers at subsidised prices, more affective.
In a national level consultation on 'New Opportunities for Nutritious Foods –Read more
Posted on 19th August 2014 13th December 2015 by planethour	· 1 Comment
A new planning commission or an advisory body?
Dated: August 15 2014 By Richard Mahapatra
Prime Minister Narendra Modi has finally cleared all doubts regarding the fate of the Planning Commission. In his first Independence Day speech, he declared a new body in place of the Planning Commission, to be called the National Development Reforms Commission. He gave enough hints on how the new body would look like by saying: "From the time when the Planning Commission was set up and now, there is a difference. Federalism is taking roots and we need to reflect this change."
Since his government came to power in May this year, there have been speculations over the Planning Commission. Last month, things finally moved when Modi's office got feedback on an alternative institution. This happened for the first time after the Commission was set up through a Cabinet order on March 15, 1950.
Modi has promised that by October the details of the new body will presented before Parliament. Though it doesn't require any parliamentary"
Posted on 19th August 2014 by planethour	· 1 Comment
An ambitious plan for inclusion
Text from: The Hindu Dated: August 19 2014 EDITORIAL
In rural areas 44 per cent of the households and in urban areas 33 per cent of them still do not have a bank account.
The Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana, a major socio-economic initiative of the National Democratic Alliance government, was announced by the Prime Minister in his Independence Day speech. It is an ambitious attempt at extending formal financial services in a country where only 58.7 per cent of an estimated 24.67 crore households avail themselves of banking services. Despite several steps taken by many governments over the years, financial inclusion has remained elusive. In rural areas 44 per cent of the households and in urban areas 33 per cent of them still do not have a bank account. The NDA government has brought a degree of urgency to the scheme of financial inclusion. A few details of the government's action plan figured in the budget speech. A Comprehensive Financial Inclusion Plan (CFIP) envisaging coverage of excluded households has been drawn up and is expected to be rolled out under the nomenclature. In its first phase, the Jan-Dhan Yojana will endeavour to provide universal access to all the beneficiaries through sub-service areas (SSA), each of them consisting of 100-150 families in a cluster of villages. Each SSA will be serviced by a business correspondent, who is now being given a pivotal role in facilitating account opening and ensuring smooth bank operations. Unlike in previous action plans, the Jan-Dhan Yojana will have as its focus households rather than geographical areas.
The other important innovation is in extending need-based credit facilities to the new account holders upon their fulfilling certain conditions. A smart card — the Ru Pay card — will be issued. Using this it should be possible for customers to operate their accounts without any external help. This would be one of the most visible manifestations of technology as a tool to further inclusion, others being money –Read more
Planning Commission to be replaced with new institution: PM
From: The Hindu Dated: August 15 2014 Agencies
"The Planning Commission, he said, was set up to cater to the needs of earlier times and has participated in its own way in the development of the country.
However, Mr. Modi said, "the internal situation of the country has changed, global environment has changed… If we have to take India forward, then states will have to be taken forward. The importance of federal structure is more today than it was in last 60 years".
He further said there is a need to have a relook at the structure of the Planning Commission and give it a new shape. "Sometime it becomes necessary to repair a house. It costs a lot of money. But it does not give us satisfaction. Then we feel it is better to make a new house," he said.
"We need an institution of creative thinking and for optimum utilisation of youth capability," he said, —Read more
Chipko: Environmentalism of the poor
Focussing on the marginal farmer
From Plate to Plough: With humility, on farmer income
A Wider Battle
Maize farmer 'beats the heat'
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
<?php

namespace mako\tests\unit\http\routing;

use Mockery;
use PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase;

use mako\http\routing\URLBuilder;

/**
 * @group unit
 */
class URLBuilderTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
	/**
	 *
	 */
	public function tearDown()
	{
		Mockery::close();
	}

	/**
	 *
	 */
	public function getRequest($langPrefix = '')
	{
		$request = Mockery::mock('\mako\http\Request');

		$request->shouldReceive('path')->andReturn('/foo/bar');

		$request->shouldReceive('baseURL')->andReturn('http://example.org');

		$request->shouldReceive('languagePrefix')->andReturn($langPrefix);

		$request->shouldReceive('scriptName')->andReturn('index.php');

		return $request;
	}

	/**
	 *
	 */
	public function getRoutes()
	{
		$route1 = Mockery::mock('\mako\http\routing\Route');

		$route1->shouldReceive('getRoute')->andReturn('/article/{id}/{slug}');

		$route2 = Mockery::mock('\mako\http\routing\Route');

		$route2->shouldReceive('getRoute')->andReturn('/article/{id}/{slug}?');

		$routes = Mockery::mock('\mako\http\routing\Routes');

		$routes->shouldReceive('getNamedRoute')->withArgs(['foo'])->andReturn($route1);

		$routes->shouldReceive('getNamedRoute')->withArgs(['bar'])->andReturn($route2);

		return $routes;
	}

	/**
	 *
	 */
	public function testMatches()
	{
		$urlBuilder = new URLBuilder($this->getRequest(), $this->getRoutes());

		$this->assertTrue($urlBuilder->matches('/foo/bar'));

		$this->assertFalse($urlBuilder->matches('/foo/baz'));

		$this->assertTrue($urlBuilder->matches('/foo/[a-z]+'));

		$this->assertFalse($urlBuilder->matches('/foo/[0-9]+'));
	}

	/**
	 *
	 */
	public function testBase()
	{
		$urlBuilder = new URLBuilder($this->getRequest(), $this->getRoutes());

		$this->assertEquals('http://example.org', $urlBuilder->base());
	}

	/**
	 *
	 */
	public function testBaseWithConfiguredURL()
	{
		$request = Mockery::mock('\mako\http\Request');

		$request->shouldReceive('languagePrefix')->once()->andReturn('');

		$request->shouldReceive('scriptName')->andReturn('index.php');

		$request->shouldReceive('baseURL')->never();

		$urlBuilder = new URLBuilder($request, $this->getRoutes(), false, 'http://example.com');

		$this->assertEquals('http://example.com', $urlBuilder->base());
	}

	/**
	 *
	 */
	public function testTo()
	{
		$urlBuilder = new URLBuilder($this->getRequest(), $this->getRoutes());

		$this->assertEquals('http://example.org/index.php/foo', $urlBuilder->to('/foo'));

		$this->assertEquals('http://example.org/index.php/foo?bar=baz', $urlBuilder->to('/foo', ['bar' => 'baz']));

		$this->assertEquals('http://example.org/index.php/foo?bar=baz&baz=bar', $urlBuilder->to('/foo', ['bar' => 'baz', 'baz' => 'bar']));

		$this->assertEquals('http://example.org/index.php/foo?bar=baz&baz=bar', $urlBuilder->to('/foo', ['bar' => 'baz', 'baz' => 'bar'], '&'));

		$this->assertEquals('http://example.org/index.php/no-nb/foo', $urlBuilder->to('/foo', [], '&', 'no-nb'));

		//

		$urlBuilder = new URLBuilder($this->getRequest(), $this->getRoutes(), true);

		$this->assertEquals('http://example.org/foo', $urlBuilder->to('/foo'));

		//

		$urlBuilder = new URLBuilder($this->getRequest('no-nb'), $this->getRoutes(), true);

		$this->assertEquals('http://example.org/no-nb/foo', $urlBuilder->to('/foo'));

		$this->assertEquals('http://example.org/foo', $urlBuilder->to('/foo', [], '&amp', false));

		$this->assertEquals('http://example.org/en-uk/foo', $urlBuilder->to('/foo', [], '&amp', 'en-uk'));
	}

	/**
	 *
	 */
	public function testToRoute()
	{
		$urlBuilder = new URLBuilder($this->getRequest(), $this->getRoutes(), true);

		$this->assertEquals('http://example.org/article/{id}/{slug}', $urlBuilder->toRoute('foo'));

		$this->assertEquals('http://example.org/article/1/bar', $urlBuilder->toRoute('foo', ['id' => 1, 'slug' => 'bar']));

		$this->assertEquals('http://example.org/article/1/bar', $urlBuilder->toRoute('foo', ['id' => 1, 'slug' => 'bar']));

		$this->assertEquals('http://example.org/article/0/bar', $urlBuilder->toRoute('foo', ['id' => 0, 'slug' => 'bar']));

		$this->assertEquals('http://example.org/article/{id}', $urlBuilder->toRoute('bar'));

		$this->assertEquals('http://example.org/article/1', $urlBuilder->toRoute('bar', ['id' => 1]));

		$this->assertEquals('http://example.org/article/1', $urlBuilder->toRoute('bar', ['id' => 1, 'slug' => null]));

		$this->assertEquals('http://example.org/article/1/bar?bar=baz&baz=bar', $urlBuilder->toRoute('foo', ['id' => 1, 'slug' => 'bar'], ['bar' => 'baz', 'baz' => 'bar']));

		$this->assertEquals('http://example.org/article/1/bar?bar=baz&baz=bar', $urlBuilder->toRoute('foo', ['id' => 1, 'slug' => 'bar'], ['bar' => 'baz', 'baz' => 'bar'], '&'));

		$this->assertEquals('http://example.org/no-nb/article/1/bar', $urlBuilder->toRoute('foo', ['id' => 1, 'slug' => 'bar'], [], '&amp', 'no-nb'));
	}

	/**
	 *
	 */
	public function testToCurrent()
	{
		$request = $this->getRequest();

		$query = Mockery::mock('mako\http\request\Parameters');

		$query->shouldReceive('all')->times(2)->andReturn([]);

		$request->shouldReceive('getQuery')->times(2)->andReturn($query);

		$urlBuilder = new URLBuilder($request, $this->getRoutes(), true);

		$this->assertEquals('http://example.org/foo/bar', $urlBuilder->current());

		$this->assertEquals('http://example.org/foo/bar?bar=baz&baz=bar', $urlBuilder->current(['bar' => 'baz', 'baz' => 'bar']));

		$this->assertEquals('http://example.org/foo/bar?bar=baz&baz=bar', $urlBuilder->current(['bar' => 'baz', 'baz' => 'bar'], '&'));

		$this->assertEquals('http://example.org/no-nb/foo/bar', $urlBuilder->current([], '&amp', 'no-nb'));
	}

	/**
	 *
	 */
	public function testToCurrentWithQueryParams()
	{
		$request = $this->getRequest();

		$query = Mockery::mock('mako\http\request\Parameters');

		$query->shouldReceive('all')->once()->andReturn(['foo' => 'bar']);

		$request->shouldReceive('getQuery')->once()->andReturn($query);

		$urlBuilder = new URLBuilder($request, $this->getRoutes(), true);

		$this->assertEquals('http://example.org/foo/bar?foo=bar', $urlBuilder->current());

		$this->assertEquals('http://example.org/foo/bar?bar=foo', $urlBuilder->current(['bar' => 'foo']));
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


About " Mo Willems "
Mo Willems Is a well-known author, some of his books are a fascination for readers like in the L'autre Guili Lapin : Histoire d'une erreur sur la personne de Mo Willems book, this is one of the most wanted Mo Willems author readers around the world.
j adore le melange photos/dessins. Je ne suis pas fan de la serie du pigeon de Mo Willems. Ce livre n a rien a voir. L histoire est vraiment sympa.Pour les fans de New York, les photos sont du quartier Park Slope a Brooklyn.


Drury University is no stranger to innovation and disruption in education. In her near 150 years, the University has continuously been at the forefront of purposeful change and effective pivots in the face of challenges. That is especially true in today's volatile, ever-evolving educational climate, as we unveil and launch our new, highly innovative academic curriculum, Your Drury Fusion. The new program is the result of nearly two years of work by more than 100 Drury faculty members, and will challenge students to become flexible and creative problem-solvers in a highly supportive, yet intellectually rigorous environment. In this issue of Drury Magazine, we take a look at the many moving parts of the new curriculum, and what it takes to be innovative and disruptive in education, society and technology in a rapidly changing world. Each story embodies the mission and spirit of Drury University, and our critical mission to affect change in the face of a changing world.
Next Next post: Perspectives: What are the limits, if any, to Constitutional rights?


This will be a Silicon Valley DSA meeting for our Socialist Media Working Group. We will be having discussions and making plans for the future.
Accessibility information has not been provided for this event.
The San José Peace and Justice Center is a resource center and community space that supports and fights for causes promoting peace and justice in the south bay area.


Sober Look: An overreaction to the ISM manufacturing report?
An overreaction to the ISM manufacturing report?
Today's ISM manufacturing PMI number spooked jittery US equity investors, sending stocks sharply lower (with VIX climbing above 20). The headline number came in about 9% below expectations.
In particular, the markets reacted negatively to the "new orders" component of the ISM index. It registered the largest one-month decline in some 33 years.
Has the US manufacturing sector experienced a significant decline in January? As discussed before (see post), the ISM measure tends to be volatile and often diverges from other manufacturing indicators. Alan Tonelson (MarketWatch) had a nice write-up on the topic this morning. The ISM index overshot on the way up and is potentially overshooting on the way down.
MarketWatch: - The ISM seems to do a good job capturing huge swings in manufacturing output and employment reported by the Fed and the BLS. But any finer changes too often contrast strikingly with the government numbers — which are both based on much bigger, more varied sets of evidence than the ISM's survey of 400 member companies. These discrepancies, plus the anomalies in the institute's own figures, strongly suggest that anyone serious about following American manufacturing's fortunes needs to look far beyond the ISM.
The best place to look beyond the ISM report, particularly where we get timely data, is the Markit Manufacturing PMI. And indeed there has been a downward move in manufacturing growth, but nothing as extreme as what we heard from the Institute for Supply Management.
Chris Williamson, Chief Economist at Markit: - Survey respondents reported the weakest growth of output and new orders for three months in January, but with many companies blaming exceptionally cold weather for production and supply chain disruptions, the underlying trend looks to have remained robust.
The ongoing expansion suggests that the goods producing sector is on course to contribute to another quarter of solid economic growth in the first quarter, and is also helping sustain a decent rate of job creation. The survey is broadly consistent with ... 10,000 jobs being created per month in the manufacturing sector which, added to the signal from the flash services PMI, points to non-farm payroll growth in the region of 200,000 in January.
It seems that some of the manufacturing softness is the result of the knock-on effects from the frigid weather we've seen earlier. If so, we should see a rebound in February. Whatever the case, the market reaction to the ISM numbers may be a bit premature.


text:
The Best Food Spots In Ottawa That Are Open 24/7
You'll never go hungry.
Everyone can relate to a night where they've had the craziest cravings but they couldn't figure out where to eat. Sometimes, you just don't feel like cooking or making food at 4 in the morning and for once, you actually have money to go grab food.
That said, Ottawa definitely has some great spots to pig out whether it's 7am or 3am. If you're looking for some new spots to add to your bucket list that open 24/7, here's a list to guide you:
Elgin St. Diner
Where: 374 Elgin St.
via @svong
via @chelseamariev_
Price: 💸💸
Why you should go: Elgin St. Diner has been around for what feels like forever and it's definitely marked it's name as one of Ottawa's gems. If you're not down for food, the milkshakes here are to die for.
Where: 14 ByWard Market Sq.
via @lifewithtaylorr
via @joshsholer
Why you should go: asides from how good the food is here, can you really call yourself an Ottawa local if you've never been to Zak's? This diner is iconic to any Ottawa native and so are those milkshakes... *yum*.
Dunn's
Where: Various locations
via @ron_montgomery
via @bobbieleepowell
Why you should go: everyone has passed by Dunn's in the ByWard Market at least once! If you haven't stepped in to grab some food, however, you should definitely get around to doing that ASAP. Not only is the food dank but the service is A1!
The King Eddy
Where: 45 Clarence St.
via @the_kingeddy
Why you should go: Although the King Eddy is only open 24/7 from Thursday to Sunday, there's no denying this place is bomb. The fried chicken here is to die for and even if you need a place to grub at from Monday to Wednesday, it's open super late!
Where: 1130 St. Laurent Blvd.
via @shingvic
via @discoveringchristina
Why you should go: Perkins is just oh-so delicious. If the crazy brunch lineups on Sunday mornings don't tell you anything, then I'm sure tasting the food will. If you're a night owl or you're just not down to go during peak times, luckily, it's open 24h.
via @okaybry
via @hilarytroberts
Why you should go: Denny's is definitely a classic. It's open 24/7, the food is cheap, and it's good. Whether you're craving breakfast, lunch, or dinner, they've got something to fulfill your taste buds.
Kettleman's
Where: 912 Bank St.
via @gagnongabby
via @travelsforeats
Price: 💸
Why you should go: Not only does this place have some amazingly tasty bagels, most of them are totally customizable! If you're not too creative, don't fret because they have some pretty crazy bagel concoctions for you to try out.
Pho by Night
Where: 309 Dalhousie St.
via @kelsienorman
via @soumya250790
Why you should go: Although it's not necessarily open 24/7, it is open super late on the weekends. Pho by Night is open from 11:30 until 4am on the weekends which is close enough, right? Whether it's to dine in or for takeout, you can basically make up your mind at any point in the night!


In the midst of what?
We all know what life is, but what is theology?
I spent four years in Seminary studying theology, God, and what I think we should believe about Him, His creation, His Son, salvation and how we ought to interact as His people inthemidst of a fallen world.
And inthemidst of my studies, I am a wife, mother to two, and am now referred to as a "veteran" public school teacher. I have learned, with grace, that the real education is found in the kitchen, the classroom, the bedroom, and all the spaces in between. God has placed me in a profession for which I had no formal training, and given me children that each require their own user's manual….(they were conveniently missing upon their arrival). There is a lot of humor here; laughter and tears and the most real example I know of God's grace and provision to the undeserving.
I strive to write well.
I know life. I know classrooms and students and I know a little about theology. I write to share the lessons our Lord is teaching me as I stumble through all these facets of this blessed life. I have learned much about the nature of God and I am trying to apply it all to practical life with transparency and hope.


text:
District Judge Susan Christensen named to the Iowa Supreme Court
by Rox Laird | August 2, 2018
Susan Christensen told her husband some years ago that she wanted to be a judge, and she reached that goal when she became a District Associate Judge in 2007 and a District Judge in 2015. But her climb up the judiciary ladder did not end there: On Wednesday, Christensen was appointed as an Associate Justice on Iowa's highest court.
Gov. Kim Reynolds announced Christensen's appointment to the Iowa Supreme Court at a press conference Wednesday afternoon. She replaces Justice Bruce Zager, who will retire in September.
Christensen, 56, a Harlan native who worked in private practice and as an assistant county attorney before being appointed to the District Court in 2015, was among 21 applicants for the Court and three finalists forwarded to the governor by the State Judicial Nominating Commission. (For more information on the applicants, the Iowa Judicial Branch has posted all 21 applications and videos of their interviews with the commission.)
Christensen's judicial aspirations were no doubt inspired by her father, the late Iowa Supreme Justice Jerry Larson, Iowa's longest-serving justice (1978-2008), who died in April.
In announcing the appointment Wednesday, Governor Reynolds said Christensen did not take a conventional path to the bench. "She attended law school later than most, working for years as a legal secretary to support her family" – which now includes five children and four grandchildren – and to pay for her education, the governor said. "She understands the challenges of everyday Iowans."
Iowa's first female governor pointed out, "there will once again be a woman's voice the Iowa Supreme Court."
Before Christensen, the first woman to serve on the Court was Linda Neuman (1986-2003). The last female to serve on the Iowa Supreme Court was Justice Marcia Ternus, who was also Iowa's first female chief justice. Ternus served on the Court from 1993 to 2010, before being voted off the bench largely in part to groups opposed to the court's unanimous decision in Varnum v. Brien, which recognized same-sex marriage in Iowa.
Tags: Iowa Supreme Court, Susan Christensen


Montastrea is a genus of corals, jellyfish, and sea anemones of concern and found in the following area(s): Africa, American Samoa, Asia, Australia, Europe, Middle East, North America (United States Territory), Oceanic.
Copyright Notice: This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Montastraea".
Glenn, C. R. 2006. "Earth's Endangered Creatures - Montastrea spp. Facts" (Online) - Licensed article from Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. Accessed 4/22/2019 at http://earthsendangered.com/profile.asp?sp=11207&ID=4.
Need more Montastrea spp. facts?


text:
Q: There was an internal error when querying iis 7.0 for profiling I have a WCF Service that is running too slow.
I wanted to profile it, so I followed the instructions found here:  http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/2s0xxa1d.aspx
When I try to start up the profiling I get this error:

There was an internal error when querying IIS 7.0 for profiling. Ensure that you have all of the following Internet Information Services (IIS) and IIS 6 Management Compatibility components installed:
Web Server,
Windows Authentication,
ASP.NET,
IIS Metabase Compatibility,
IIS 6 WMI Compatibility,
IIS 6 Scripting Tools

The service runs just fine normally.  Do I really need to install IIS 6 stuff to get the profiling to work?

A: Try enabling them by following these instructions:
http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb397374%28v=exchg.80%29.aspx

A: As part of the answer above I had to also install the following Windows Features.
1. These items

2. And also these

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Established hotel bars tend to run on tried-and-tested formulas. An extensive wine list with trophy bottles from renowned regions. Cocktails that don't stray too far from classics. It's all very safe, and rather predictable.
There's nothing safe or predictable about Café Gray Bar. Located on level 49 of The Upper House in Hong Kong, the bar has only one champagne by the glass. Right now it's a little-known Franck Bonville Blanc de Blancs, chosen after a blind-tasting by restaurant and bar director Yvonne Cheung. She is confident "you would absolutely love it".
"We're not a trophy wine place, I don't have a bible for a wine list," says Cheung, who is one of the city's leading sommeliers. While major wine regions are represented, so are up-and-coming places like Syria and Uruguay. "I'm not some hipster going out and finding something weird and funky, but I want to focus on deliciousness that doesn't come with a big label," says Cheung.
Cocktails are also imbued with an element of fun here. If you want to get inside the head of the mixologists at Café Gray Bar, order from the Bartenders' Collection of the cocktail menu. This section – a showcase of the team's creativity – is where each member gets to experiment and express their personality. Instead of being given directions, bar staff spend days, weeks and sometimes months working on their own interpretation of a drink, stirring, shaking and tweaking until it's ready for its close-up.
The Collection features about six cocktails and changes quarterly. Sometimes, it may include a non-traditional-spirit base, such as sake and oolong tea in the Urontini, a crisp and refreshing beverage that goes down a treat in summer. Or you might find a bold shot of mezcal in a cocktail, together with yuzu, lemon juice and honey. Autumn is when you'll see the use of stone fruits and other seasonal ingredients.
This collaborative approach also led to the development of an innovative Bloody Mary menu, which might include gin with homemade chilli syrup, or jalapeno-infused tequila. Because fresh tomatoes are used, the Bloody Mary menu is only available during weekend brunch.
Cheung and her team are also game to surprise adventurous guests. One particular guest, for instance, recently asked for a sipping spirit and was offered a vodka instead of a liquor traditionally associated with sipping. This was not just any vodka, however, but one made from distilled honey sourced from a bee farm in Vermont in America. It's soft and unctuous with floral honey notes, "not something you want to mix away," says Cheung, who delighted in the guest's "wow" moment.
"That person might not remember every detail, but will remember that they had a special experience at this place," says Cheung.


Jessica Dickson serves as the Associate Athletics Director for Community Relations & Engagement. She joined the UMKC staff as the Director of Marketing and Promotions in August 2006 and has also previously served as the Associate and Assistant Athletics Director for External Relations.
Jessica is a member of the executive leadership team for UMKC Athletics and serves as the sport administrator for women's basketball, men's and women's soccer, softball and the dance team.
Special assignments at UMKC have included the 2012 and 2016 Women Leaders in College Sports (formally NACWAA) National Convention Local Organizing Committee, serving as championship manager for the 2012 Summit League Men's and Women's Tennis Championships, 2012 Summit League Softball Championship, 2015 WAC Men's and Women's Tennis Championship, 2015 WAC Men's Soccer and Volleyball Championships, 2016 and 2018 WAC Outdoor Track and Field Championship, 2016 WAC Women's' Soccer Championship and served as the host liaison to the NCAA for the 2010 Division I Volleyball National Championship, 2016 Division I Men's Soccer College Cup and the record breaking attended 2017 Division I Volleyball National Championship.
She is an active member of Women's Leaders if College Sports and has presented on multiple occasions at the NACDA national convention. Jessica is a graduate of the 2011 NCAA/NACWAA Institute for Administrative Advancement (IAA) and the 2014 NCAA/NACWAA Leadership Enhancement Institute.


If one of the things you like to do is mess around with cars and engines, it could be that a career as a professional auto mechanic might work out for you. Vocational and technical schools offer fast training programs in car mechanics. Learn more about it.
Course particulars and find out the straight news about this accredited degree program.
Choice vocational career colleges to check into a select set of well-known schools and degrees.
Vocational colleges to register for career exploration training at great institutions.
Vocational training and see more about the courses offered in reference to this progressive school.
University specifics where you can learn the information regarding this education course choice.
If you've always been into furniture, furnishings and fabric, you may be a perfect candidate for a career in the interior design field. Interior designers plan and put together spaces where people live and work. Some of the good classes train bright young people for great entry level positions in the design world. Most of these colleges are in the bigger cities of the country. If this sounds interesting to you, you can find out more.
Copyright ©2019 Vocational School Online .com. All rights reserved.


text: ===Climate=== Markha valley remains cold in the month of November to February and minimum temperature goes down to minus 30 degree celsius during the month of January and February. March to Early may, sunshine remains abundant. Summer remains from May to August. From Mid of July till August, Markha Valley can get very varm, but it is also the rainy season. But in general, Ladakh is in rainshadow of the Himalayas. There is a lot of exposure to the sun. Make sure that you bring sunscreen, hat and sunglasses. Best time to go for this trek is from June to end of September.


text:
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    <title>My project on Chun-Jie Liu | 柳纯洁</title>
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    <description>Recent content in My project on Chun-Jie Liu | 柳纯洁</description>
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      <description>Seq data interface  RNA-seq  Importing DESeq2 Recount2 Batch effect  miRNA-seq Metabolism Methylation  Machine/Deep Learning interface MLR, Caret, H2O
 Regression model Two class classification Multiclass classification Survival model Cluster analysis Parallel  Shiny package/server  Shiny webserver Shiny bioconductor package  Abortion PIVOT is a great R package for integrative analysis and visualization of transcriptomics data.</description>
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I didn't used to like reading that much, till I got into wattpad, always Harry styles fanfics, I read after when it was a fanfiction and not published. It was literally the best thing ever... I didn't care about texting, tv... Sleep... It's addictive and just all round perfect. I have the published books and am still obsessed I am just in love with it. I'm in love with Hardin and I'm in love with the Anna Todd for writing this insanely beautiful and dangerous novel. I know nobody will read this because I'm just rambling on. But seriously read this book. I can't put into words how much I love it and how good it is.
The book series promotes an abusive , harmful relationship. The plot is poorly structured with about 30 different themes stitched together so that it becomes confusing. If you are really desperate to read such a poor piece of literature, then remember it's free on Wattpad . Wouldn't even give it 1 star if I had the choice.
Long story short, my husband bought me this book for Christmas, I read it, and would recommend Ms. Todd join us in the real world. Hideously written with a shocking lack of any substance. I am having problems selling it on, as everyone else I know who received this for Christmas is giving it away for free.
It would be redundant of me to review the content in depth, as it is, quite simply, 50 Shades of Grey for children. Absolutely shocking.


That's Baby (Ansel Elgort), an innocent-looking getaway driver who gets hardened criminals from point A to point B, with daredevil flair and a personal soundtrack running through his head. That's because he's got his escape route plotted to the beat of specific tunes that go from his well-curated iPod straight to his ears, and which translate into expertly timed hairpin turns, gear shifts and evasive maneuvers that leave his passengers on the ride of their lives.
Which makes Columbia Pictures' Baby Driver, with its mixture of mph and music, the newest explosion of genre-crossing excitement from writer-director Edgar Wright, an action thriller unlike any other.
Baby works for Doc (Kevin Spacey), a kingpin on a lucky streak of brash daytime bank heists, thanks in part to his faith in Baby's auto acumen. Doc's go-to professionals include former Wall Street type turned outlaw Buddy (Jon Hamm), Buddy's young, lawless and scandalous partner in crime Darling (Eiza Gonzalez), and the impulsive, gun-slinging Bats (Jamie Foxx), whose suspicions about Baby – from his attitude to his aptitude – begin to create a dangerous rift in an until-then smooth-running operation.
Baby's outward appearance – the sunglasses, the aloofness, the ever-present earbuds -- may suggest a kid in over his head, but his catch-me-if-you-can skills are second to none. And yet the encroaching demand for his talents, and what he's doing with them, begin to weigh on his sense of right and wrong, especially when he falls for a sweet, kind-eyed diner waitress named Debora (Lily James), and a doomed job threatens his chance at love and happiness away from his perilous profession.
Written and directed by Edgar Wright, BABY DRIVER is produced by Nira Park through her Big Talk Pictures, and Working Title principals Eric Fellner and Tim Bevan. Executive producers are Edgar Wright, Adam Merims, James Biddle, Rachael Prior, Liza Chasin, and Michelle Wright.


Molly's Hair Fix-up. Since my doll Molly was my first American Girl Doll she has been loved on a lot! I was 9 or 10 when I got her, so I took her everywhere with me! To the library, wal-mart, even to Florida! I was playing with Molly a few days ago, and noticed that her hair was getting awfully hard to brush! Molly's hair is frizzier than my other dolls because when I was younger I didn't have how to get rid of sediment in water heater 11/06/2011�� Oh, and if you want to try this on a doll you'd like to fix up and resell, I would recommend getting an unscented fabric softener. Some people are very sensitive to perfumy smells, and might be turned off by the lingering scent in the hair.
Now the hair doesn�t have to scare me so much because I can fix American Girl Doll hair. And some little girls want a doll but let�s be honest, they�re not cheap so maybe her family can�t afford one. Well here�s an option for them to get one too!
That said, please note that you can ruin the value of a doll with a bad restoration, and also that many collectors do not want to purchase restored dolls (hair restyled, lips repainted, etc.). However, if you have some basket-case Barbies you want to fix up for your collection, or even for sale if you make full disclosures, then the following tips are invaluable to help you fix up your dolls!
First, every time you take dress or undress your doll, her hair gets a little messed up. So you will need to be brushing her hair regularly to keep it pretty and tangle free. So you will need to be brushing her hair regularly to keep it pretty and tangle free.


text:
International Recruitment Representatives - Governing Policy - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia
International Recruitment Representatives - Governing Policy
Approval authority
Responsible Executive member
Vice-Chancellor and President
Head, International Office
First approved
Last amended
International Recruitment Representatives - Procedures
Management of Contracts and Memoranda of Understanding (MOUs) - Governing Policy
Management of Contracts and Memoranda of Understanding (MOUs) - Procedures
Linked documents
1. Purpose of policy
This policy articulates the role and functions of International Recruitment Representatives and the framework for their appointment and management.
2. Policy scope and application
This policy applies to all staff of the University of the Sunshine Coast and all International Recruitment Representatives appointed by the University.
Please refer to the University's Glossary of Terms for policies and procedures.
4. Role of International Recruitment Representatives
Individual persons or organisations, in Australia or overseas, may be engaged by the University of the Sunshine Coast in the capacity of International Recruitment Representatives to assist the University in recruiting international fee-paying students.
International Recruitment Representatives are agents of the University only for the purpose of international student recruitment, unless specified otherwise in a current formal written agreement between the University and a Representative.
International Recruitment Representatives must not represent themselves as having any function other than that specified in a current formal written agreement with the University.
In acting as agents of the University, International Recruitment Representatives must abide by the requirements of the written agreement with the University, and by the requirements of the Education Services for Overseas Students Act 2000 (ESOS Act) and the associated National Code of Practice.
5. Appointment and Management of International Recruitment Representatives
International Recruitment Representatives are appointed by entering into formal written representative agreements with the University.
All representative agreements must comply with University policies and with Australian and Queensland government legislation.
Prior to entering into a formal written agreement with an International Recruitment Representative, the University must secure requisite information regarding a potential representative in order to satisfy itself that the potential representative will appropriately represent the University and will not pose undue risks to the University, to its students and to its prospective students.
Representative agreements are approved, and signed on behalf of the University, by the Head, International Office only if the Head, International Office is satisfied that the bona fides of the potential representative have been established and documented.
Representative agreements are valid for the period specified in the written agreement.
Prior to the conclusion of a current written agreement, a review of the performance and standing of the representative must be undertaken.
Renewal of a written agreement may be approved by the Head, International Office provided that performance and standing is found to be satisfactory.
International Recruitment Representatives are remunerated by the University through various means, including direct payment for particular time-specific services and payment of commissions based on enrolments attributable to specific recruitment activity by a representative.
Processes associated with the appointment and management of International Recruitment Representatives, including due diligence investigations, risk assessments, development of written agreements, remuneration of representatives and reviews of performance and standing, are undertaken by International Office.
The Head, International Office is responsible for approving and signing international representative agreements on behalf of the University.
The Head, International Office is responsible to the Vice-Chancellor and President for the development and implementation of processes associated with the appointment and management of International Recruitment Representatives.


It may come as a shock to the system to hear that as of the last quarter, Samsung's Galaxy S7 phones have massively outsold the iPhone 6s. Apple has been the dominant force for years, and despite the battle of the mobiles eventually narrowing down to the two of them, Samsung has always remained just slightly in the shadows. Especially when it comes to creating a worldwide culture the way Apple has.
So now, during a period of particularly hot competition, comes the inaugural leap from Samsung, as the Galaxy S7 is reported to have claimed 16% of the market, where the iPhone 6s caught only 14.6%. What is this sudden surge in Galaxy S7 popularity and reach being attributed to, and does it signal the beginning of a downfall for Apple?
When looking at Samsung and Apple's respective campaigns, both have had a lot to build on this last year. iPhone 6s was very well received, and is something of this year's go-to mobile model, and the release of the iPhone 7 is fast approaching. Samsung's Galaxy S6 and S6 Edge introduced the now familiar format of the series and gained particular praise. However, the statistics aren't quite as straight forward as they sound.
The quarter, which ended in May of 2016, saw Galaxy sell more phones than Apple, however at this point in time the iPhone 6s had been on the market for six months longer, giving their sales more than enough opportunity to peak and then dwindle. By the end of the period, Galaxy was still enjoying a honeymoon period of steady interest and sales.
So while this is worth taking into account when looking at the sales figures, the actual quality of phone being produced by the two rival companies is of equal importance. The Galaxy S7 took all that was great about the S6 and polished it to crystal clarity, making it one of the biggest hits of Samsung's career, and a raging favourite for gamers and movie buffs everywhere. The iPhone 6s is also a very strong contender, and strikes the middle ground between a useful and trendy phone and the latest technological breakthrough. Its aforementioned following speaks for itself. You're unlikely to be in a room of people and not find at least one iPhone 6s.
As has been established, both Samsung's Galaxy S7 and Apple's iPhone 6s are great phones, but each appeal to opposing ends of a not-too-varied spectrum. If Apple was beginning to get depressed by these reports, it should serve as extra momentum for their upcoming iPhone 7 release. The opportunity to turn the tables approaches.


text:
Lowell A. Citron
lcitron@lowenstein.com
Michael A. Buxbaum
mbuxbaum@lowenstein.com
Theodore C. Sica
tsica@lowenstein.com
Kimberly E. Lomot
klomot@lowenstein.com
SBA Paycheck Protection Program Update: Frequently Asked Questions
By Lowell A. Citron, Michael A. Buxbaum, Theodore C. Sica, and Kimberly E. Lomot
SBA Paycheck Protection Program Update: SBA Interim Final Rule (April 3, 2020)
SBA Paycheck Protection Program (March 30, 2020)
Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) Information Sheet: Nonprofit Borrowers (April 7, 2020)
Certain provisions of the Coronavirus/Covid-19 economic stimulus legislation are subject to the issuance of government regulations and other government action, thus certain details regarding the legislation may be clarified or added.
On April 6, the Small Business Administration (SBA) issued further guidance answering frequently asked questions (FAQs) from both borrowers and lenders regarding the implementation of the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP), established by Section 1102 of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the CARES Act). The SBA noted that borrowers and lenders may rely on the guidance as the SBA's interpretation of the CARES Act and the Paycheck Protection Program Interim Final Rule (PPP Interim Final Rule) issued by the U.S. Department of the Treasury. Further, the guidance provided that the U.S. government will not challenge any lender actions under the PPP that conform to the guidance, the PPP Interim Final Rule, and any subsequent rule-making in effect at the time. Note, however, that the SBA has acknowledged that the guidance does not carry the force and effect of law independent of the statute and the regulations on which it is based. The FAQs and the SBA's responses are as follows:
Question: Paragraph 3.b.iii of the PPP Interim Final Rule provides that lenders must "[c]onfirm the dollar amount of average monthly payroll costs for the preceding calendar year by reviewing the payroll documentations submitted with the borrower's application." Is a lender required to replicate every borrower's calculations?
Answer: No. The borrower is responsible for providing an accurate calculation of payroll costs, and the borrower must attest to the accuracy of those calculations. However, the SBA expects lenders to perform a good faith review in a reasonable time of both the borrower's calculations and the supporting documents regarding average monthly payroll costs. A lender should apply a level of diligence in reviewing the calculations that corresponds to the quality of supporting documentation supplied by the borrower. As an example, it would be reasonable for a lender to conduct a minimal review of calculations based on payroll reports from a recognized third-party payroll processor. If lenders find errors in a borrower's calculations or a material lack of substantiation in the borrower's supporting documentation, the lender should assist the borrower in remedying the error.
Question: Are small business concerns (as defined in Section 3 of the Small Business Act, 15 U.S.C. 632 (Section 3) required to have 500 or fewer employees to be eligible borrowers under the PPP?
Answer: No. Small business concerns with more than 500 employees can still be eligible to borrow under the PPP, provided they satisfy the existing statutory and regulatory definition of a "small business concern" under Section 3. A business can qualify if it meets the SBA employee-based or revenue-based size standards corresponding to the business's primary industry. Businesses can go to www.sba.gov/size for information on the SBA's industry size standards.
A business can also qualify under the PPP as a small business concern if it satisfied both tests of the SBA's "alternative size standard" as of March 27, 2020: (1) the business's maximum tangible net worth is less than or equal to $15 million and (2) the business's average net income after deducting federal income taxes (note that this calculation excludes any carryover losses) for the two full fiscal years prior to the application date is less than or equal to $5 million.
Unless otherwise ineligible, a business that qualifies as a small business concern under Section 3 may truthfully attest to its eligibility for PPP loans on the Borrower Application Form.
Question: Must a business qualify as a small business concern (as defined in Section 3) in order to participate in the PPP?
Answer: No. In addition to small business concerns, if a business has 500 or fewer employees whose principal place of residence is within the U.S. or the business meets the SBA's employee-based size standards for the relevant industry (if applicable), the business is eligible to participate in the PPP. Additionally, qualifying tax-exempt nonprofit organizations described in Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code (IRC), tax-exempt veterans organizations described under Section 501(c)(19) of the IRC, and tribal business concerns described in Section 31(b)(2)(C) of the Small Business Act are eligible for PPP loans, provided they have 500 or fewer employees whose principal place of residence is in the U.S. or they meet the SBA's employee-based size standards for the industry in which they operate.
Question: Are lenders required to make an independent determination regarding the applicability of affiliation rules under 13 C.F.R. 121.301(f) to borrowers?
Answer: No. The borrower is responsible for determining which entities (if any) are affiliates under 13 C.F.R. 121.301(f) and then determining the total employee head count of the borrower and its affiliates. Lenders may rely on borrowers' certifications as to affiliation determinations.
Question: Are borrowers required to apply the SBA's affiliation rules under 13 C.F.R. 121.301(f)?
Answer: Yes. Borrowers must apply the affiliation rules set forth in the SBA's Interim Final Rule on Affiliation. When the borrower certifies on the Borrower Application Form that it is eligible to receive a PPP loan, the borrower is certifying that it has applied the affiliation rules, if applicable, and is still eligible to receive a PPP loan. The SBA's existing affiliation exclusion rules apply to the PPP, including, for example, those exclusions under 13 C.F.R. 121.103(b)(2).
Question: If a minority shareholder, deemed to be in control of the business because the shareholder has the right to prevent a quorum or otherwise block action by the board of directors or shareholders (based on 13 C.F.R. 121.301(f)(1)), irrevocably relinquishes those rights, is the minority shareholder still considered to be an affiliate of the business?
Answer: No. A minority shareholder that irrevocably waives or relinquishes any of its existing rights specified in 13 C.F.R. 121.301(f)(1) would no longer be considered an affiliate of the business (provided that no other relationship triggers the affiliation rules).
Question: Does the CARES Act exclusion of employee compensation in excess of a $100,000 annual salary from the definition of payroll costs apply to all employee benefits of monetary value?
Answer: No. The exclusion of compensation in excess of a $100,000 annual salary applies only to cash compensation and excludes noncash benefits. Examples of excluded noncash benefits are employer contributions to defined-benefit or defined-contribution retirement plans; payments for providing employee benefits such as group health care coverage, including insurance premiums; and payments of state and local taxes assessed on employee compensation.
Question: Do PPP loans cover sick leave?
Answer: Yes. PPP loans cover payroll costs, which include costs of employee sick leave (as well as costs for employee vacation and parental, family, and medical leave). However, the CARES Act does exclude qualified sick and family leave wages for which a credit is allowed under Sections 7001 and 7003 of the Families First Coronavirus Response Act (Public Law 116-127). Information about the Paid Sick Leave Refundable Credit can be found here.
Question: Is a seasonal small business that was not operating at full capacity as of February 15, 2020 still eligible under the PPP?
Answer: A lender may consider whether a seasonal small business was in operation on February 15, 2020, or for an eight-week period between February 15, 2019, and June 30, 2019, for eligibility purposes.
Question: What if an eligible borrower contracts with a third-party payer such as a payroll provider or a professional employer organization (PEO) to process payroll and report payroll taxes?
Answer: In the event that a borrower reports wage and other data on the employer identification number of a PEO or other payroll provider as required under some state registration laws, payroll documentation provided by the payroll provider indicating the amount of wages and payroll taxes attributable to the borrower's employees as reported to the IRS will be considered acceptable payroll documentation under the PPP. Borrowers should use, if it is available, relevant information from a Schedule R Form (Form 941), Allocation Schedule for Aggregate Form 941 Filers, attached to the PEO's or other payroll provider's Form 941, Employer's Quarterly Federal Tax Return. If that information is not available, eligible borrowers should instead obtain a statement from the payroll provider documenting the amount of wages and payroll taxes. Additionally, the eligible borrower's employees will not be considered employees of the eligible borrower's payroll provider or PEO.
Question: May lenders accept signatures from a single individual authorized to sign on behalf of the borrower?
Answer: Yes. However, borrowers must note that only an authorized representative of the business seeking a loan is permitted to sign on behalf of the business. The individual's signature as an "authorized representative of applicant" is a representation to the lender and the U.S. government that the signatory is authorized to make the certifications on the Borrower Application Form on behalf of the business and each owner of 20 percent or more of the applicant's equity, if any. Lenders may rely on that representation and accept an individual signatory's signature on that basis.
Question: I pleaded guilty to a felony crime "a very long time ago." Am I still eligible under the PPP?
Answer: Yes. Businesses are ineligible only if an owner of 20 percent or more of the applicant's equity is presently incarcerated; is on probation or parole; is subject to an indictment, criminal information, arraignment, or other means by which formal criminal charges are brought in any jurisdictions; or, within the past five years, for any felony, has been convicted, pleaded guilty, pleaded nolo contendere, been placed on pretrial diversion, or been placed on any form of parole or probation (including probation before judgement).
Question: May lenders use their own online portals and an electronic form the lenders created to collect the same information and certifications as in the Borrower Application Form, in order to complete implementation of their online portals?
Answer: Yes. Lenders may use their own online systems and a form they establish that asks for the same information as on the Borrower Application Form. Lenders must use the same language as on the Borrower Application Form. Ultimately, lenders are still required to send the data to the SBA using the SBA's interface.
Question: What time period should borrowers use to determine their number of employees and payroll costs to calculate their maximum loan amounts?
Answer: Borrowers may calculate their aggregate payroll costs using data either from the previous 12 months or from calendar year 2019. Seasonal businesses may use average monthly payroll for the period beginning either February 15, 2019, or March 1, 2019, and ending June 30, 2019. An applicant that was not in business from February 15, 2019, to June 30, 2019, may use the average monthly payroll costs for the period January 1, 2020, through February 29, 2020. Borrowers may use their average employment over the same time periods to determine the number of employees for purposes of applying an employee-based size standard. Alternatively, borrowers may elect to use the SBA's usual calculation: the average number of employees per pay period in the 12 completed calendar months prior to the date of the loan application (or the average number of employees for each of the pay periods that the business has been operational, if it has not been operational for 12 months).
Question: Should payments to an independent contractor or sole proprietor be included in the eligible borrower's calculations of payroll costs?
Answer: No. Eligible borrowers should exclude any amounts paid to an independent contractor or sole proprietor from the calculation of payroll costs. An independent contractor or sole proprietor will itself be eligible for a loan under the PPP, provided it satisfies the applicable requirements.
Question: How should a borrower account for federal taxes when determining its payroll costs for purposes of the maximum loan amount, allowable uses of a PPP loan, and the amount of a loan that may be forgiven.
Answer: Under the CARES Act, payroll costs are calculated on a gross basis without regard to federal taxes imposed or withheld, such as the employee's or employer's share of Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA) and income taxes required to be withheld from employees. Payroll costs are not reduced by taxes imposed on an employee and required to be withheld by the employer, but payroll costs do not include the employer's share of payroll tax. As an example, if any employee earns $4,000 per month in gross wages from which $500 in federal taxes was withheld, the income would count as $4,000 in payroll costs. While the employee would receive $3,500 and $500 would be paid to the federal government, the employer-side federal payroll taxes imposed on the $4,000 in wages are excluded from the payroll costs under the statute.
The SBA arrived at this result by interpreting the definition of "payroll costs" in the CARES Act, which excludes "taxes imposed or withheld under chapters 21, 22, or 24 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 during the covered period," which is February 15, 2020, to June 30, 2020, as meaning payroll costs are calculated on a gross basis without subtracting federal taxes that are imposed on the employee or withheld from employee wages. The SBA noted that this interpretation is consistent with the text of the statute and advances the legislative purpose of ensuring workers remain paid and employed.
Question: I filed or approved a loan application based on the version of the PPP Interim Final Rule published on April 2, 2020. Do I need to take any action based on the updated guidance in these FAQs?
Answer: No. Borrowers and lenders may rely on the laws, rules, and guidance available at the time of the relevant application. However, if a borrower previously submitted a loan application that has not yet been processed, the borrower may revise the application based on clarifications in the FAQs.
Question: Are PPP loans for existing customers new accounts for FinCEN Rule CDD purposes? Are lenders required to collect, certify, or verify beneficial ownership information in accordance with the rule requirements for existing customers?
Answer: If a lender is making a PPP loan to an existing customer and the necessary information was previously verified, the lender does not need to reverify the information. Furthermore, federally insured depository institutions and federally insured credit unions eligible to lend under the PPP that have not yet collected beneficial ownership information on existing customers do not have to collect and verify beneficial ownership information for those customers applying for new PPP loans, unless otherwise indicated by the lender's risk-based approach to Bank Secrecy Act compliance.
To see our prior alerts and other material related to the pandemic, please visit the Coronavirus/COVID-19: Facts, Insights & Resources page of our website by clicking here.


text:
Q: Control generated folder/file permissions for Global Mutex in Powershell Core for both Windows and Linux I'm operating in a hardened environment where permissions in /tmp are restricted and work primarily \w Powershell on .NET core and inside a GNU Linux environment
I have a logger Powershell class that is writing to the filesystem and I figured it was best to use a C# Mutex class in case there is another operator on the same system but in a separate AppDomain/powershell session and I want to maintain thread safety.
The problem with the below sample code is that in a Linux environment, /tmp/.dotnet/shm/global/FileSystemWriter has laxed permissions
drwxrwxrwx  2 fakeuser fakeuser 4.0K Oct 18 08:58 global
How can I generate the below mutex \w restricted access on both global/ and FileSystemWriter, without having to change the permissions each time the Mutex is generated.
My research so far shows an object that I could pass to the Mutex's constructor but this appears limited to Windows - MutexSecurity
Sample code:
class LoggerFileSystemWriter
{
    hidden [Threading.Mutex]$Mutex = [Threading.Mutex]::new($false, 'Global\FileSystemWriter')
    hidden [int]$MutexTimeOut = 5000
    [string]$LogFilePath = "~/test.log"

    LoggerFileSystemWriter()
    {
    }

    [void] WriteEntry([string]$Log)
    {
        if ($this.WaitForMutex())
        {
            $this.Write($Log)
            $this.Mutex.ReleaseMutex()
        }
    }

    hidden [bool] WaitForMutex()
    {
        if ($this.Mutex.WaitOne($this.MutexTimeOut))
        {
            sleep 10
            return $true
        }
        else
        {
            return $false
        }
    }

    hidden [void] Write([string]$Log)
    {
        $Log | Out-File -FilePath $this.LogFilePath -Append
    }
}


text:
Javad Nurbakhsh (; 10 December 1926 – 10 October 2008) was the Master (pir) of the Nimatullahi Sufi Order from 1953 until his death. He was also a psychiatrist and a successful writer in the fields of both psychiatry and Sufi mysticism.

Life

Iran
Nurbakhsh was born in the city of Kerman, Iran on 10 December 1926. He was initiated into the Nimatullahi Sufi order at the age of sixteen and appointed its sheikh at twenty. Nurbakhsh studied at University of Tehran's medical school, receiving his doctorate in psychiatry in 1952, from the Sorbonne. He began his professional career as a medical doctor at the age of 26 when he became head of a local hospital in the southeastern town of Bam, Iran. In the following year he succeeded his master, Mo'nes 'Ali Shah Zo'r-Riyasateyn, as master of the Nimatullahi, taking the Sufi sobriquet of Nur 'Ali Shah.

As well as his revival of the Nimatullahi Sufi Order and his many written works, Nurbakhsh became one of Iran's foremost psychiatrists. Nurbakhsh believed that all are equal in love. According to his obituary in Payvan's Iran news, he "promoted the creed of fraternity and equality of all human beings, regardless of gender, race, nationality and religion."

Emigrating to the West
Nurbakhsh left Iran following the Iranian revolution in 1979, first for the United States, where he established several Sufi centers known as khanaqahs, then moved to Britain in 1983 and settled there. Dr. Nurbakhsh's work in reviving and organizing Sufism through the Nimatullahi order continued until his death in Britain in 2008.

Career

Psychiatry
After obtaining his psychiatric degree from the Sorbonne, Nurbakhsh was appointed professor of psychiatry at the Tehran University school of medicine, a position which he held until he retired, along with that of director of the Iranian Medical Council, president of the Iranian Association of Psychiatrists, and head of the Ruzbeh Psychiatric Hospital. He was also an honorary member of the American Psychiatrists' Association. Nurbakhsh also supervised the World Congress of Psychiatry for the World Psychiatric Association when it was for first hosted in Iran.

He produced 37 scientific works in the field of psychiatry, as author, editor and translator, along with many articles in scientific journals and a compendium of instructional brochures for the use of researchers, professors and students.

Sufism

According to the Islamic scholar Henry Corbin, Nurbakhsh was known for his "prodigious activity" in the publication of classical Sufi texts. By 1979, when he left Iran, he had published some eighty books.

He wrote the two part article What is Sufism? Sufism and Psychoanalysis, published in The International Journal of Social Psychiatry, which fall into the category of Sufi psychology, bringing together his twin interests in the fields of Sufism and psychiatry.

Prior to 1979, according to biographical material on the Order's web site, "he established 70 Sufi centres in most of the major cities and towns of Iran, all set up as charitable organisations according to civil and Islamic law. A great number of these have since been expropriated under the current regime." The first of the Order's Sufi centres outside Iran was set up in San Francisco in 1975. Many more were set up outside Iran after his flight into exile in 1979.

Death and succession
Nurbakhsh died in his retreat in the English countryside near the town of Banbury, Oxfordshire, where he spent his final years, and is buried there.

He has been succeeded by his son, Alireza Nurbakhsh, a doctor in philosophy from the University of Wisconsin and a practising lawyer in London. His Sufi sobriquet is Reza 'Ali Shah.

He is survived by his widow, Parvaneh Daneshvar Nurbakhsh, three sons, and two daughters.

Selected Statements by Nurbakhsh on Sufism
The basis of Sufism is consideration of the hearts and feelings of others. If you haven't the will to gladden someone's heart, then at least beware lest you hurt someone's heart, for on our path, no sin exists but this.

Sufism is a path towards the Truth where there are no provisions except Love. Its method is to look solely in one direction, and its objective is God.

True lovers prefer the Beloved's desires to their own, being content with whatever the Beloved desires - 'be it cure or pain, union or separation.'

... if you encounter a human being who claims to be a Sufi and behaves contrary to the human code of ethics, do not ask, "What kind of Sufi is this?" Rather, it would be better to ask, "What kind of person would this have been had he not been a Sufi?

The capital of the Path is, in truth, nothing other than sincerity. Sincerity has been defined as `showing yourself as you really are' and `being inwardly what you show yourself to be'.

Selected bibliography
 In the Paradise of the Sufis, Khaniqah Nimatullahi Publications, London (1979)
 Divani Nurbakhsh, Sufi Poetry, Khaniqah Nimatullahi Publications, London (1980)
 The Truths of Love: Sufi Poetry, Khaniqah Nimatullahi Publications, London (1982)
 The Gnosis of the Sufis (Ma'arif-i Ṣufiyya), in five volumes, Khaniqah Nimatullahi Publications, London (1983)
 Jesus in the Eyes of the Sufis, Khaniqah Nimatullahi Publications, London (1983)
 Sufi Women, Khaniqah Nimatullahi Publications, London (1983)
 Spiritual Poverty in Sufism, Khaniqah Nimatullahi Publications, London (1984)
 The Great Satan, 'Eblis', Khaniqah Nimatullahi Publications, London (1986)
 Sufi Symbolism (Farhang-i Nurbakhsh), in 16 volume encyclopedia of mystical terminology, Khaniqah Nimatullahi Publications, London (1990-2003)
 Dogs from a Sufi Point of View, Khaniqah Nimatullahi Publications, London (1992)
 In the Tavern of Ruin, Khaniqah Nimatullahi Publications, London (1992)
 The Psychology of Sufism, Khaniqah Nimatullahi Publications, London (1992)
 Masters of the Path: A History of the Nimatullahi Order, Khaniqah Nimatullahi Publications, London (1993)
 Traditions of the Prophet, Volumes I and II, trilingual texts (Arabic, Persian and English), Khaniqah Nimatullahi Publications, London (1993)
 Discourses on the Sufi Path, Khaniqah Nimatullahi Publications, London (1996)
 The Path, Khaniqah Nimatullahi Publications, London (2003)
 Handbook of Psychiatry (30 Volumes), volume one, volume two, volume three,  volume Four,  volume Five,  volume Six,  volume Seven,  volume Eight, volume Nine, volume Ten, volume Eleven, volume Twelve, volume Thirteen, volume Fourteen, volume Fifteen, volume Sixteen, volume Seventeen, volume Eighteen, volume Nineteen, volume Twenty, volume Twenty-one, volume Twenty-two, volume Twenty-three, volume Twenty-four, volume Twenty-five, volume Twenty-six, volume Twenty-seven, volume Twenty-eight, volume Twenty-nine, volume Thirty.(2019)

References

External links
 Internet site of the Nimatullahi Sufi Order nimatullahi.org
 Obituary and Biographical Sketch of Dr. Nurbakhsh, on the BBC's Persian language internet service.
 Obituary tribute on Payvand.com, the Persian social and cultural forum.
 Notice of Death at the Daily Telegraph.

1926 births
2008 deaths
20th-century poets
Exiles of the Iranian Revolution in the United Kingdom
Iranian biographers
Iranian emigrants to the United Kingdom
Iranian emigrants to the United States
Iranian psychiatrists
Iranian Sufis
Nimatullahi order
People from Kerman
People from Kerman Province
Sufi poets
Sufi psychology
University of Paris alumni
University of Tehran alumni

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: Change the next N characters in VIM Say I have the following line:
|add_test()          (| == cursor position)

And want to replace the 'add' with a 'del'.
del|_test()

I can either press X three times and then press i to insert and type del.
What I want is something like 3c or 3r to overwrite just 3 characters.
Both of these don't do what I want, 3c overwrites 3 characters with the same
character, 3r does several other things.
Is there an easy way to do this without manually Xing and inserting the text?

A: c3  ('c', '3', space), then type the characters you want to insert.  (Or you can use right-arrow or l rather than space.)
Or, as @Mike just said in a comment, R works nicely if the number of characters happens to match the number of characters you're deleting.
Or ct_ to change from the cursor to the next _ character.
Or, as @bloody suggests in a comment, 3s.

A: If the works have the same length you can use the R command which replaces what you had previously with what you type.

A: Use c{motion} command:

*

*cf_ - change up to the first '_' (including);

*ct_ - change up to the first '_' (excluding);

*cw  - change the first word;

The word is determined by iskeyword variable. Check it with :set iskeyword? and remove any '_', like that :set iskeyword=@,48-57,192-255.
By the way see :help c and :help motion if you want more.

A: 3s, "substitute 3 characters" is the same as c3l.  3cl and c3l should be the same, I don't know why you'd see the same character repeated.  I'm also a fan of using t, e.g. ct_ as another poster mentioned, then I don't have to count characters and can just type "del".
I struggled with the "replace a couple of characters" for a few days too; 'r' was great for single characters, R was great for a string of matching length, but I wanted something like the OP is asking for.  So, I typed :help x and read for a while, it turns out that the description of s and S are just a couple of pages down from x.
In other words, :help is your friend.  Read and learn.

A: I think 3cl is what you want.  It changes 3 characters to the right.  I'd type ct_del<esc>, but that's not what you asked

A: The other answers given use numbers. When the text is longer it's easier to not have to count. For example I often make headlines in markdown files like:
Some super duper long title that I don't want to have to count

double the line with yy pp
Some super duper long title that I don't want to have to count
Some super duper long title that I don't want to have to count

Highlighth the whole line with V
then use r{char} or in this case r= to get:
Some super duper long title that I don't want to have to count
 ==============================================================

(I added a space above to trip stack overflow's markdown formatting)


text:
Government Sector(Government, Legal & Humanity)
The 2020 Edition of Happiest Workplaces in the Region Revealed
Public and private sector organizations honoured at the 4th edition of the annual Happiness@ Work Award
Dubai, October 20, 2021: The 2020 edition of the Happiness@Work Award recognized and celebrated the happiest and most innovative organizations in the region that disrupted existing employee engagement and wellbeing norms to create a new normal in the workplace. This cycle of the award unveiled regional companies that stood out for creating a happy workplace, balancing work and life, sustainability focus, and for a host of other positive steps for an inclusive workplace.
Instituted by Sustainable Mindz, an expert centre for strategic sustainability and corporate responsibility in the Gulf and MENA region, the Happiness @ Work award aims to promote happiness and positivity in the region's workplaces. The first of its kind initiative in the UAE and wider region, the Happiness@Work Award has completed 4 cycles and so far, 54 organizations have received 64 awards across 6 different categories.
"Regardless of the challenges the world faced in 2020, organizations have continued to work towards creating happiness and value for their employees. Every organization that nominated themselves for the current edition of the Happiness@Work Award is a winner, as they have demonstrated that they take employee happiness seriously and are committed to creating a workplace culture that values employees and their wellbeing.," said Vineetha Mathew, Founding Partner, Sustainable Mindz
The 2020 cycle of the Happiness@Work Award received a total of 40 nominations in different categories. Based on multiple parameters, the applications were evaluated by an eminent panel of jury across seven different award categories, the Happiest Workplace being at the helm of the honours.
Dubai Police was adjudged to be the happiest workplace in the public sector category while Schneider Electric bagged the same honour from the private sector. In the SME (Small and Medium Enterprises) category, the award went to Xworks Interiors LLC, and King Abdullah University of Science & Technology – Government Affairs (KAUST) picked up the honour in the Not-for-Profit category.
Commenting on the occasion, Dr Saamdu Chetri, Chair of Jury, Happiness@Work Award said "Life's purpose is to serve others and the environment around us. The Happiness@Award is doing this by recognizing engaged and happy workplaces. Happiness is a process and not an end goal. Happiness depends on how we perceive, sense, and understand from within to see the outside - everything we see is within and not outside of us. Thus, let us change within to see the outside we want."
The Best Employee Engagement Program category awards went to Dubai Police and Fujairah Natural Resource Corporation (FNRC) in the public sector, Aafaq Islamic Finance in the private sector, Paramount Computer Systems in the SME, and King Abdullah University of Science & Technology – Government Affairs (KAUST) in the Not-for-Profit sector.
In the Best Workplace Wellness Program category, L'Or�al Middle East and Schneider Electric from the private sector were declared winners, while in the SME list, Xworks Interiors LLC and Paramount Computer Systems were the winners.
In the Best Workers Welfare Program category, King Abdullah University of Science & Technology - Government Affairs (KAUST) was the winner while Sharjah Self Defense Sports Club received the Happiness@Work Appreciation Award.
Dubai Police won awards in the Best Work -Life Balance Program category as public sector entities while Ras Al Khaimah Customs Department won the Happiness@Work Appreciation Award.
Sharjah City Municipality won the Best Workplace Sustainability Program award in the public sector, and Xworks Interiors LLC in the SME sector. The private sector winner in the Best Workplace Diversity & Inclusion Program category went to Schneider Electric while L'Or�al Middle East won Happiness@Work Appreciation award.
PR Category : Government, Legal & Humanity
Posted on : Wednesday, October 20, 2021 3:18:00 PM UAE local time (GMT+4)
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