text:
hybridize (v.)
1802, intransitive, "cross or inter-breed," from hybrid + -ize. Transitive sense of "cause to interbreed" is by 1823. Related: Hybridized; hybridizing.
Entries linking to hybridize
hybrid (n.)
c. 1600, "offspring of plants or animals of different variety or species," from Latin hybrida, variant of ibrida "mongrel," specifically "offspring of a tame sow and a wild boar," of unknown origin but probably from Greek and somehow related to hubris. A rare word before the general sense "anything a product of two heterogeneous things" emerged c. 1850. The adjective is attested from 1716. As a noun meaning "automobile powered by an engine that uses both electricity and gasoline," 2002, short for hybrid vehicle, etc.
word-forming element used to make verbs, Middle English -isen, from Old French -iser/-izer, from Late Latin -izare, from Greek -izein, a verb-forming element denoting the doing of the noun or adjective to which it is attached.
The variation of -ize and -ise began in Old French and Middle English, perhaps aided by a few words (such as surprise, see below) where the ending is French or Latin, not Greek. With the classical revival, English partially reverted to the correct Greek -z- spelling from late 16c. But the 1694 edition of the authoritative French Academy dictionary standardized the spellings as -s-, which influenced English.
In Britain, despite the opposition to it (at least formerly) of OED, Encyclopaedia Britannica, the Times of London, and Fowler, -ise remains dominant. Fowler thinks this is to avoid the difficulty of remembering the short list of common words not from Greek which must be spelled with an -s- (such as advertise, devise, surprise). American English has always favored -ize. The spelling variation involves about 200 English verbs.
hybridization (n.)
"cross-fertilization, cross-breeding; act or process of hybridizing; state of being hybridized," 1824, noun of action from hybridize.
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Etymology of hybridize by etymonline
Harper, D. (n.d.). Etymology of hybridize. Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved $(datetime), from https://www.etymonline.com/word/hybridize
Harper Douglas, "Etymology of hybridize," Online Etymology Dictionary, accessed $(datetime), https://www.etymonline.com/word/hybridize.
Harper, Douglas. "Etymology of hybridize." Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com/word/hybridize. Accessed $(datetimeMla).
D. Harper. "Etymology of hybridize." Online Etymology Dictionary. https://www.etymonline.com/word/hybridize (accessed $(datetime)).
Dictionary entries near hybridize
hyaline
hyalo-
hybridity
hybridize
hydrargyrum


text:
Musicians of the Orchestra Jaap van Zweden, Music Director The Marie-Josée Kravis Creative Partner Artist-in-Residence, 2018–19 Artist-in-Residence, 2019–20 Radio Host Alec Baldwin Philharmonic Board International Advisory Board Philharmonic Staff
Anna Thorvaldsdottir
Composer Anna Thorvaldsdottir frequently works with large sonic structures that reveal the presence of a vast variety of sustained sound materials, reflecting her sense of imaginative listening to landscapes and nature. Her music tends to portray a flowing world of sounds with an enigmatic lyrical atmosphere.
Ms. Thorvaldsdottir, who was named the New York Philharmonic's Kravis Emerging Composer in 2015, has composed works that have been featured at major venues and music festivals, such as the Mostly Mozart Festival, Miller Theatre's Composer Portraits Series, Phillips Collection's Leading International Composers series, the Kennedy Center, Big Ears Festival, ISCM World Music Days, Nordic Music Days, Beijing Modern Music Festival, and Reykjavík Arts Festival. She is the recipient of the prestigious Nordic Council Music Prize 2012, for her work Dreaming, and Lincoln Center's 2018 Emerging Artist Award and 2018 Martin E. Segal Award. Ms. Thorvaldsdottir holds a PhD from the University of California at San Diego.
Some of the orchestras and ensembles that have performed her work include International Contemporary Ensemble (ICE), Los Angeles Philharmonic, London's Philharmonia Orchestra, Hamburg's NDR Elbphilharmonie, Bang on a Can All-Stars, Los Angeles Percussion Quartet, San Francisco Symphony, Royal Stockholm Philharmonic Orchestra, Vienna Radio Symphony Orchestra, and BBC Symphony Orchestra. In 2018, Esa-Pekka Salonen led the New York Philharmonic in the premiere of Metacosmos, which was commissioned by the Philharmonic. She is currently composer-in-residence with the Iceland Symphony Orchestra.
Anna Thovaldsdottir's debut portrait album, Rhízōma, was released in 2011 through Innova Recordings. This was followed by Aerial, released by Deutsche Grammophon in 2014, and In the Light of Air, performed by ICE on Sono Luminus in 2015. Her most recent album, AEQUA, featuring a selection of chamber works performed by ICE, was released in November 2018.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


There is a good reason to not jump on every bandwagon that comes along. People in general are optimistic, and seek solutions to whatever problem is troubling them at the time. I see it frequently in animal lovers. We are notorious for falling for all types of therapies that will give us an "edge" over the competition; or help our old buddy with a chronic or life threatening problem. It may be a training technique or gimmick, drug, vitamin supplement, joint supplement, joint injection, or some type of miracle machine. Many of these therapies are actually delivered by so called experts; chiropractors, acupuncturists, and sellers of various devices that are supposed to treat conditions that have never in the past been able to be treated successfully with conventional treatments. They are often sold by or endorsed by celebrities, trainers, or others that inspire trust. There are even licensed veterinarians that jump on these bandwagons and promote weird and unproven therapies. There are treatments for founder, navicular syndrome, ringbone, infertility, kidney disease, ulcers, and even colic that neither I nor any other reputable veterinarian know anything about. But if I ask Dr. Google, there it is in black and white on the internet complete with pages of testimonials on how wonderful said "therapy" is, and how "Old Paint" who was about to be put down is now running barrels like a 1D horse, or roping steers with the best of them.
The Placebo Affect explains this phenomenon; the tendency of one who thinks they are being treated with a sham treatment will often get better, the effect of mind over matter. This derives from several sources. We want so badly for the treatment to work that we actually think it is working. Or the problem is actually getting better; after all Mother Nature is a wonderful healer. Any of us in the medical field who think we are actually healers are fooling ourselves. The best we can do is remove the impediments to healing and allow the individual's system to heal itself. That in a nutshell is the foundation of medical therapy.
When I began veterinary school back in the late 1960's many livestock owners (and veterinarians) consulted the "Farmers Almanac" to check the phase of the moon prior to performing many procedures such as castrations, when to plant crops, when to turn the bulls out with the cows, etc.. I soon learned that if I practiced proper surgical technique it didn't matter where the moon was in its cycle. And if I didn't place a proper ligature, they would bleed irregardless of where the moon was.
Sometime in the 17th Century people first started using the 'Scientific Method" to explore the natural world. It has been refined over the years, and is the basis for how we (Veterinarians and Physicians) treat patients today; how we decide what treatments and pharmaceuticals actually work. Researchers divide patients (animals or humans) into two groups randomly. One group is given a treatment or drug, and the other is given a sham treatment or placebo. Neither the patient nor the researcher knows who got the treatment and who got the non treatment. The results are tabulated and analyzed statistically to see if there is a real difference between the two groups. The difference between the two groups is calculated and expressed as a "P Value", a P Value of <.05 is generally accepted as a true difference, which means that there is less than a 5% chance that the difference was due to random chance.
In medicine most of our treatments and drugs we use are based on research that has passed the P Value test. Then after it is used clinically in real life situations we get a pretty good idea of what works and what doesn't.
Most of the "fad therapies" have not been tested scientifically. There is no FDA oversight as long as no specific medical claims are made. Anybody can say anything about a device, therapy, or any other product and advertise it as the next greatest thing in the universe as long as they avoid certain language. It can't legally be advertised as diagnosing, treating, or curing any specific disease or condition. But all types of implications can be made as long as certain words are avoided. Most of them get by with making cleverly designed claims, and putting a disclaimer at the end saying "this PRODUCT is not intended to diagnose, cure or treat any disease or condition" They then recommend that you consult a veterinarian or physician prior to using the device or product. Of course, nobody does.
If these devices, treatments or therapies actually work there will be scientific evidence that they do in fact work. If there is no scientific proof, they are ineffective. It is not that hard to design a scientifically valid experiment to test. If nothing is published it means that they are ineffective. As a licensed veterinarian I can get into huge legal problems with the Board of Veterinary Medicine and even lose my license to practice by using or recommending unproven therapies outside the realm of generally accepted practice.
The Facebook Post to the right is a perfect example. This person is advertising a device which actually does have some scientific backing in certain areas; it is a technology that has been around for many years and has benefited people and animals with certain conditions. However she is making claims that are completely unbelievable. I was recently sent a link to her Facebook page to evaluate what she was saying. The page is full of amazing stories including claims that the coffin bone in a severely foundered horse was actually going back into the normal position.
When we take radiographs the software stamps an indelible date on the image to prevent fraud. She apparently did not realize this. The radiograph that she says was taken after treatment actually was taken in August of 2015 before the horse was foundered. The other one she says was taken 2 weeks earlier was taken in January of 2018. This does not mean the machine is no good, it just means that this lady is using totally unethical advertising practices. I don't know if the machine is capable of healing or not; but I do know that at least one person selling it is totally unethical.
This is but one example, and one that was easily caught. Beware of advertisements of miracle therapies based solely on testimonials from users who have had good results. The results may be made up and misinterpreted. Remember the "Placebo Affect" and ask to see some peer reviewed scientific proof that it actually is effective.
As a medical professional, my goal is to do the best I can for my clients. Therefore I need scientific proof before I recommend a therapy. If it really works, the scientific proof is readily available; if all you can find are testimonials, then it is probably not an effective treatment. The bottom line is "buyer beware".


Married to Sophie with two children, Octave at 8 and Eulalie at 6, and live in Copenhagen, Vesterbro.
On August 15, Jeremy Marozeau has joined the faculty in Hearing Systems. Dr. Jeremy Marozeau comes from a position as a Research fellow at the Bionics Institute, Australia. His research focuses on the perception of music and voice pitch information for people with a cochlear implant (CI).
Jeremy Marozeau did his Ph.D. part of Perception and Musical Cognition team at Institute for Music/Acoustic Research and Coordination (IRCAM, Paris) and as an invited researcher at Center for New Music and Audio Technologies (CNMAT) of U.C. Berkeley. After working at the French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS, Marseille) on modeling the loudness of impulsive sounds, he continued his research on loudness as Research Associate at Northeastern University, Boston with Dr. Mary Florentine.
How did your interest for this area begin?
"When I was a teenager I played the bass in a rock band. I was quite tempted to be a musician, but I thought I wasn't talented enough, and I also wanted to keep my music as a hobby. I didn't want to compromise that," Jeremy Marozeau explains with an accent that is both French and Australian.
Originally Jeremy is from France, but his work and engagement in science and music perception has brought him to many places in the world.
Because of his interest for both technology and science, Jeremy Marozeau went to an engineering school, EPFL (École Polytechnique) in Switzerland. He graduated in micro technology but was more interested in sound processing, and for his 4th year research project Jeremy went to Milano.
"In the computer Music Lab I was happy to discover the field of computer music, which mixes computer software and music," he tells.
Jeremy Marozeau then decided to do his master in Paris and received his doctorate from the University of Paris-VI, Institute for Music/Acoustic Research and Coordination (IRCAM).
"It is a crazy place with lots of musicians and scientists in the same place. It was there I discovered the field of psychoacoustics. I thought it was really interesting because it brought the human element into the technical aspect. It was fascinating to be able to understand how the brain and the auditory system work and how we are able to distinguish the difference between the instruments for instance a piano and a guitar.
We are extracting some auditory features from the spectral and temporal envelope of the sounds. Both are very important. For instance, if you compare an oboe and a trumpet you will find that they sound quite dissimilar. But if we artificially remove the attack time of both instruments, they will sound surprisingly similar. You have to integrate a lot of different features to help you to decide and understand which instrument it is. It is the same with the voice. You are able to recognize a person by listening to these small fine different features. And I think it is amazing, that the brain is able to do that," he says.
Jeremy Marozeau's specialty is cochlear implants.
After his PhD Jeremy Marozeau went to Marseille for a year and then to Boston, where he worked three years as Research Fellow and also as a teacher.
"After my PhD I changed the topic a bit and went to Boston in order to try to understand how people with hearing impairment perceive sounds. It really opened up to me the field of audiology, and I enjoyed dedicating my life to people in need," he says.
But after three years Jeremy Marozeau missed working in the music field, and then found a position in Melbourne (Bionics Institute) that was about improving music perception in people with CI.
The Bionics Institute had at that time also implanted the first bionic eye and the researchers were working with deep brain stimulation for people with epilepsy or different kind of depressions.
Jeremy Marozeau worked at the Institute and lived there with his family, a wife (also French) and two children for six years and then thought it was time for a change.
" I wanted to be in a university position and I also wanted to do more teaching, which I really enjoy. Coming back to Europe was also a wish. It is also great for research, because it is easier to collaborate with different groups here in Europe than in Australia," he explains.
Had you heard about Hearing Systems before?
"Yes, I knew the work of Torsten Dau. That was something that really attracted me. And Torben Poulsen [Ed.Retired professor from Hearing Systems 2013]. I had heard about that group when I worked with Mary Florentine whose husband Søren Buus was a well known Danish scientist and Mary Florentine told me a lot about Denmark.
Now that you have stayed a few weeks in Denmark, how is your impression so far?
"I felt very welcome and everybody has been nice to me from the start. It is a very interesting university and there is a strong cohesion in the research group. The city is also really nice, and I enjoy riding my bike everywhere. It is great to be in Copenhagen where you don't have to fight with cars. The first thing I bought here was a cargo bike. And my wife is very happy as well, she grew up in Paris and is really a 'city girl'," he smiles.
"It is fascinating how the brain and the auditory system work and how we are able to distinguish the difference between the instruments"


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I Campionati europei di short track 2022 sono stati la 26ª edizione della competizione organizzata dall'International Skating Union. Si sono svolti dal 13 al 15 gennaio 2023 presso l'impianto del ghiaccio Hala Olivia di Danzica, in Polonia.

A questa edizione, a differenza delle precedenti, non sono state assegnate medaglie per la classifica generale.

Partecipanti
Hanno preso parte alle competizioni pattinatori in rappresentanza di 25 distinte nazioni.

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Podi

Uomini

Donne

Misti

Medagliere

Collegamenti esterni

 Risultati

Short track nel 2023
Competizioni sportive a Danzica
Campionati europei di short track
Competizioni di short track in Polonia
Short track a Danzica

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


I wanted to open the below link, whereas I am getting an error.
Kindly help to trouble shoot this error.
This issue might be due to the maintenance problem. I guess Diego medrano Tracy Rodgers can you help better.
Its working for me again. Although I didn't do anything. It struck me as perhaps an internal Tableau issue that got fixed.


Reader Leslie wants to travel to Churchill, Manitoba in October of next year. Though the town is located on the southwest end of the Hudson Bay, it remains a very northern city, located far from Canada's population centers.
Leslie wants to make her way to this remote village with her husband because Churchill has a unique claim to fame: each October and November, polar bears descend on the area around town, making Churchill one of the few places in the world where polar bears can be observed in their natural habitat.
Getting to Churchill is no easy task, especially because Leslie has a special request for her transport: she'd like to fly into the town's small airport but take a train from Churchill back to Winnipeg before heading back to Atlanta.
Can we stretch the reach of miles and points to a location so far off the beaten path? Of course! Read on to learn how.
This is a war chest so overflowing with points and miles to make most loyalty travelers green with envy. However, the substantial diversification between programs doesn't necessarily work in our favor.
For this trip, it will be necessary to separate the trip into three separate bookings: one taking Leslie and her husband roundtrip from Atlanta to Winnipeg, with a second getting them to Churchill by air and a third bringing them back to Winnipeg by train.
When making your way to Churchill by air, there's one commercial name in town: Calm Air.
This small carrier focused exclusively on providing transport to Canada's northern reaches is aligned with Air Canada for purposes of earning Aeroplan miles. It's possible to redeem Aeroplan miles for flights on Calm Air, but they can only be booked by calling Aeroplan's award ticketing desk. Flights from Winnipeg to Churchill go for 15,000 miles each way.
Unfortunately, Leslie and her husband don't have any Aeroplan miles in their stash. It's possible to convert some of their hotel points for use on Aeroplan, but the exchange rate is brutal for two of them.
Club Carlson points can be converted to Aeroplan miles at a 2,000 per 200, 50,000 per 5,000 or 100,000 per 10,000 rate. Conversions must be made in some combination of these increments. That would leave Leslie and her husband with only 16,800 Aeroplan miles, even if they were able to deposit the converted miles into the same account.
Converting Hilton points to Aeroplan miles is possible at a 10,000 to 1,000 ratio, so Leslie could liquidate her Hilton account for 15,600 Aeroplan miles, while her husband would come up short at 12,500 total.
Of course, Starwood offers the best transfer option with a solid 1:1 transfer ratio to Aeroplan.
Given the substantial cost of the tickets, the good transfer ratio for SPG and the relatively poor value per point for Hilton and Club Carlson's programs, this is one of the rare cases where we'd recommend considering converting hotel points for use toward this trip.
In this case, we'd recommend Leslie transfer 15,000 of her SPG Starpoints to Aeroplan and recommend her husband liquidate a combination of points from Club Carlson and Hilton to cover his fare. Of course, Leslie should call Aeroplan to confirm availability before making these transfers, as there's no reneging on such transfers.
Should Leslie and her husband be planning other itineraries where they could put these hotel points to better use, they should use them for that purpose, but planning this trip in a vacuum given what's in front of us, converting these points to Aeroplan is our best option.
The train ride from Churchill to Winnipeg can be booked with VIA Rail.
This train ride of over a thousand miles takes a stunning amount of time: the return trip takes a full 45 hours and 15 minutes! Because the journey takes so long, we can't recommend Economy Class. Thankfully, Sleeper Fares are available, which should make the very scenic journey back to Winnipeg more comfortable.
As you might expect, no traditional miles program is going to come to the rescue here, but that doesn't mean we're out of luck. Train rides are an area where cards like Barclaycard Arrival shine. Because points from cards like Arrival can be used to cover any travel expense, it's possible to simply pay for a train fare and then redeem miles to wipe out the charge with a statement credit.
Since Leslie has a full 40,000 Arrival miles, she has more than enough to wipe out her own fare back to Winnipeg. Her husband appears to have wiped out his Arrival balance, so his best bet is to apply his 25,000 points in Discover's Escape program, which also offers penny-per-point value for travel redemptions. Leslie's fare will be knocked down to free, while her husband's will come to just $111.20.
Of course, we can't forget about the need to get Leslie and her husband from Atlanta to Winnipeg and back. For this, Delta is our best option, since Leslie and her husband both have enough miles within this program for an award redemption.
Notice the $120 of taxes and fees on this award flight for two passengers. By paying for these fees with Leslie's Arrival card, she can use her remaining points – plus the 10% redemption credit she got back for wiping out the train fare – to a total of $45.
While it's possible to knock this down to zero by taking a statement credit from Ultimate Rewards large enough to wipe out the rest, we consider statement credits a poor redemption option for the program and would recommend Leslie simply pay.
Between a Delta roundtrip, a substantial but necessary conversion of hotel points to Aeroplan miles and travel credits from both Arrival and Discover Escape, we were able to knock even this unlikely itinerary down to just a fraction of its typical cost.
Though the trip will take some legwork and planning to ensure of award availability and work around the non-daily train service back from Churchill, this trip is well within the realm of possible, even if the destination is far from the realm of civilization!
I am so thrilled with this assistance! Maybe we will pull this off in 2014!?!
Great to hear! And yes, I think you should shoot for it this year, really no reason to wait based on the miles and points you have at your disposal right now!
It took three years since I submitted the initial query this post is based on but I have just booked by Calm Air flights for Churchill with points during prime polar bear season next November.
Taking the advice of this post, I applied for the TD Aeroplan VISA credit card and started collecting Aeroplan miles.
Due to a lovely loophole in which fewer miles are required for Aeroplan flights that originate and end in the same province, my flights were only 7,500 miles per leg (15,000 RT) because Winnipeg and Churchill are at opposite ends of Manitoba. With a value of $900, this is quite possibly this is my best redemption ever.
I had to call the Aeroplan Service Centre office. I was on hold for 45 minutes, which the CSR said was typical. Once a human came on, I was told I had to submit my preferred flights dates and then they'd contact (telegraph?) Calm Air up in Churchill to see if the dates work. I needed to call back after 24 hours to see if my itinerary was approved. Internet chatter suggested this back and forth iterates until I and Calm Air are in agreement. However when I called back yesterday, I found out my first choice of filights had been approved! Getting to Winnipeg will be easy with a decent choice of routes.
Thanks again for helping me make this dream come true!
Is it possible for a US citizen to get an Aeeroplan credit card with a nice bonus challenge?
Not that I'm aware of, unfortunately, but you could earn Membership Rewards points and transfer them over at a 1:1 rate. Use this tool and see if any good Amex offers come up: https://www.creditcards.com/cardmatch/ That's your best bet right now as all the public offers for Membership Rewards-yielding Amex cards aren't great at the moment. Alternatively, you could look at the SPG Amex and transfer its points over 1:1, but the sign-up bonus would potentially be less.
Would it be possible to redeem Aeroplan miles for a straight roundtrip redemption from the States? Or does the addition of a Calm Air segment mean that it must be ticketed separately? Thanks!
My understanding is no, since Calm Air awards are processed under a separate partnership. However, an Aeroplan rep may be able to work this out on the phone, even though it's not bookable online.
I know I am late with this discussion, but I had heard that you could also use the Air Miles program to get a Calm Air flight. Or is that no longer possible? I was considering transferring IHG points to Air Miles for the Calm Air flight from Winnipeg to Churchill. Thanks!
This should be possible, as well, but make sure to check on the number of miles needed and award availability before making the transfer. Good luck!


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text:
sharron weber: the secret surfer
by Jen on 8 October 2021
In the late 1960s and early 1970s there came a significant shift in surfing from the stylish noseriding of classic longboarding to the more slashing, vertical turns of the shortboard era. Easily making the transition from longboards to the new, shorter boards, Sharron Weber was one of the stand-out surfers of her era. She won two world championship titles before largely disappearing from view. This is the mostly forgotten story of two-time world surfing champion Sharron Weber. A slightly different version of this story originally ran in The Surfer's Journal 29.4. I am grateful to Sharron for sharing her story with me in a series of early morning interviews before she headed off to work at The Tire Warehouse in Lihue.
On a Sunday afternoon in the early fall of 1972, Sharron Weber won her second world title in San Diego, California. Small lefts rolled through the lineup at the Ocean Beach pier, where locals had nailed the broken pieces of David Nuuhiwa's favorite board. It was some kind of protest, whose significance no one quite remembers. A crowd watched from the beach as Weber ripped her way to victory on her red, Gerry Lopez-shaped Lightning Bolt.
The plain-spoken owner of a tire store in Lihue, Kauai, Weber was one of the most brilliant surfers of her era. But you would never know it. Unless, that is, you were there.
"She was a big part of this very special period in surfing where surfing was finding a new identity," said Gerry Lopez. "She was one of the avante-garde."
Raised in Hawaii, Weber evolved into one of surfing's innovators, pushing the sport in ever more radical directions. As much as her better-known male peers, Weber embodied the shift from the longboard surfing of the 1960s to the dynamic style of the shortboard era.
In her brief contest career, Weber won six Hawaiian state titles, the 1969 U.S. Championship at Huntington Beach, and the world championships in 1970 and 1972. But by the time Margo Oberg won the first women's professional world title in 1977, Weber was changing tires at her warehouse. Her time in competitive surfing had already ended.
She is one of the pioneers of women's surfing. "I'm a secret surfer," Weber said with her characteristic dry humor. "I'm known in your magazines as not being known." She shined briefly and brightly. Then she disappeared back into her life, leaving only ripples behind.
At age fifteen, Sharron Weber dreamed of winning an Olympic medal in swimming. She was happily living in Riverside, California, filling her days with school and swim practice. That all changed one evening in 1963 when her dad came home from his Air Force job and announced that the family would soon move to Hawaii. Though some California kids might have been ecstatic, Weber cried, because she did not want to leave.
Weber and her family spent their first two months in Hawaii at a hotel owned by the Blears family, which included future world champion Jim Blears and one of Weber's future competitors Laura Blears. On one of the first weekends after they arrived, the seven Webers walked to St. Augustine's, the Catholic Church that sits opposite Queen's.
A surf contest took place that day. Intrigued, Weber went to watch before heading to breakfast with her family. After a few weeks swimming in the hotel pool, Weber noticed that her white-blonde hair had turned green. "They put too much chlorine in the pool," she said. Influenced by what she had seen at Queen's that day, she decided she needed a surfboard.
Down by the Outrigger Hotel, Weber found a board for sale. An 8'11" Hobie with reversed stringers, the board belonged to Linda Benson who was selling it before leaving Hawaii. Benson wanted $110, which was a lot for a fifteen year old. "You gotta remember, my dad had five kids," Weber said. "I had to earn my own money." She used her savings to buy Benson's board.
For the next two months, Weber and her brother carried the eight-foot Hobie two blocks from their hotel to Waikiki. "I got to surf first, because I paid," said Weber. After two months, Weber had the basics figured out.
One year after Weber saw the contest at Queen's on her way to church, she entered it and won first place. Soon Weber took on the more challenging waves at Ala Moana. She says the local boys never gave her any trouble in the lineup, because her surfing effortlessly established her place. In 1965, she won her first of six Hawaiian State titles at Ala Moana.
Even among the talented surfers of Hawaii, Weber quite simply stood out. Though she learned on Benson's longboard, Weber transitioned seamlessly as the shortboard revolution began. More manueverable, the new board designs pushed her to reinvent her surfing and she readily rose to the challenge.
"There were a lot of good surfers on longboards who were unable to make the transition to shortboards," said Lopez. "On the other hand, there were a lot of surfers who were way better on shortboards and that's how they came into their own — Sharron was one of the forerunners of the whole new period of surfing."
On 20 September 1969, a solid south swell sent overhead lefts slamming into the Huntington Beach pier just in time for the U.S. Surfing Championship. "Saturday the pier was juiced with precariously treacherous waves approaching ten feet," reported Surfing Magazine. Morning marine layer gave way to afternoon onshores. Strong currents sent loose boards into the pier pilings with predictably disastrous results.
A few months before the September 1969 contest, Weber had traveled to California to stay with her sister in El Segundo. Each night, Weber drove the 405 freeway to her job at the Eastman Kodak building in Hollywood where she worked in the developing lab. In the morning, she surfed. "I would be driving on those freeways and I would be going to sleep at the steering wheel," she said. "So I didn't get my sleep and I only lasted two months at that job."
By 1969, Weber had won four Hawaiian state championships and finished second to Margo Godfrey (now Oberg) at the 1968 World Championship in Puerto Rico. Though she competed in California in 1968, and won an event in Carlsbad, she still felt like an outsider in the California scene. "I had to start at the bottom at all those surf contests in California, because no one knew who I was," she said.
At the U.S. Championship, Weber staked her claim in front of an estimated crowd of 50,000 spectators. "It was definitely an eye-opener," she said. Wearing the helmet required by the rules at Huntington Beach, the diminutive Weber threaded through set waves that towered over her.
Lopez, her friend and frequent travel companion during those years encouraged her to shoot the pier. He argued that it easier than surfing the crowded lineup at Ala Moana, because the pilings did not move. "I went right through the pier, with that helmet and me and the board, and never crashed," she said. "It was gnarly."
The women's final proved a close battle between Weber, then 21, and Godfrey, then 16. Godrey had been nearly unbeatable for the previous two years and largely eclipsed California's queen of surfing during the longboard era, Joyce Hoffman. But in the 1969 final, Weber outsurfed Godrey to win the U.S. championship title.
An advertisement for Kanvas by Katin from the time depicts Weber in a bright red bikini, tanned, fit, and smiling. Weber stands next to Drew Harrison and Mike Purpus. Appearing in a Katin advertisement confirmed a surfer's status. Typically the payout was one pair of trunks.
A grandmotherly figure, Nancy Katin loved everything about surfing. Katin plainly hit it off with Weber. "She asked me to move in and take care of her on the boat and run the Katin surf shop," said Weber. "I would have never had to change tires for 45 years." But Weber could not stay.
With its snaking freeways and mushy beach breaks, California left Weber cold. Her heart remained in Hawaii and she yearned to return. "I was not going to live in California. Sorry!"
The 1970 World Championship began with a parade through the streets of Lorne, Victoria. The organizers hoped to run the May event at nearby Bells Beach. Wearing a turtleneck sweater and flowered pants, 22-year-old Weber marched beside Rell Sunn, who defied the winter weather in a print sundress and flip flops.
Weber surfed her first heats of the contest at Bells Beach. Mainly, she remembers damaging her board on the cliffs. "I lost my board and it went on the rocks," she said. "A tourist tried to throw it back to me, and busted the tail." Instead of attending a luau with the other surfers, Weber spent the evening repairing her board.
Dropping swell delayed the contest's conclusion and the organizers moved the event to Johanna. Competing the day after the men's event finished, the women surfed a nearby left at Skeins Creek. "We didn't even go," said Lopez. "It was a long car ride." The banquet celebrating the end of the championship had already taken place. The women's event felt like an afterthought.
On a board borrowed from Keoni Chapman, Weber won the title ahead of Godfrey. "I was so thrilled," said Weber in her understated way. She sent her parents, then living in London, a telegram to share the news.
A headline in a local newspaper declared, "Champ Sharon won the title in kitchen." (The media at the time habitually mispelled Weber's name.) The story had nothing to say about Weber's surfing, but detailed her diet of health food and home-made vegetable soup. Surfer dismissed the women's event in two sentences.
"In the women's event, Sharon Weber won a close one from Margo Godrey. Otherwise, the women proved a disappointment."
Winning the world title did not change Weber's life. Time unrolled in a succession of surf sessions and day jobs. Summer days at Ala Moana faded into winter sessions on the North Shore. Lopez recalls hunting lefts with Weber at Velzyland, Sunset, and Pipeline, and he watched as she drew ever-more radical lines.
"You were watching what she did and trying to emulate it yourself," said Lopez. "She was one of the people you could really look at, like, 'oh man, that's what you can do. That's what I want to do!' I looked up to her."
Sometime after her first world title, Weber gave a surf lesson to a French tourist. That chance-met connection led her to a free condominium in Biarritz at Côte des Basques. By then her parents lived in London, and after visiting them, Weber flew to Biarritz.
Once she saw the lux condo, she scrapped a planned roadtrip in her friends' VW Bus. Instead for two months, she surfed France's Atlantic coast from Guéthary to Hossegor. Jeff Hackman and Lopez had come over to France, too, and the trip was a blur of partying, French wine, and surf. "I got a French boyfriend named Pierre, and it was just really nice," she said.
In April, she received a letter at her parent's house in London. A few years previously, she had taught the sons of a tire store owner from Phoenix how to surf. Now Harold Friend, "the tire guy," was opening a store in Honolulu. Would Weber like a job?
For the first week of her new job, Weber watched, bored, as workers moved tires between warehouses and wondered if she had made the right choice. "When my weekend came and I finally went surfing, the guys were like, 'Where have you been?'" The following Monday, Weber tried to quit the tire store. "They were like, 'no, trust me! Life will get better!'"
After those first two weeks, the job transformed into a surfer's dream. The tire store put Weber in charge of a van, and she drove around Oahu selling and delivering tires. "So then, we go deliver at Makaha, and we can surf Makaha. Or we deliver to the North Shore, and we surf the North Shore," she said. "We could surf wherever there was a wave."
When the surfers arrived at the Travel Lodge in Harbor Island for the 1972 World Championship, the contest programs remained at the printer. The organization could not afford to pay for them. "It clearly was a debacle," said 1982 world champion Debbie Beacham, who competed in the event. Though organizer Ray Emery eventually got the programs out of hock, he could not conjure up good surf.
Surfers, meanwhile, ran wild at the Travel Lodge. Elevators got stuck between floors, cannonballs flooded the pool deck, fire alarms clanged at random. "There was even the occasional snow flurry to break up the weather pattern at the hotel," wrote Drew Kampion for Surfing, in a sly reference to cocaine.
The women surfed their opening rounds in three- to four-foot beach break at La Jolla Shores, a low-quality wave dressed up for the occasion with light off-shore winds. Desperate for swell, the contest hopscotched among La Jolla, Oceanside, and Ocean Beach. Worse still, the surf dropped in San Diego as the final weekend approached, while just up the coast, Trestles taunted with overhead sets.
When the disgruntled surfers arrived at Ocean Beach pier for the finals, small lefts riffled through the lineup. "It was little, ankle-biter waves, compared to the big waves that we were used to in Hawaii," said Weber. Weber's parents were on the beach. Friend, the tire man, and his three sons were there, too.
"It was a little hard to be the defending champion and have your parents and the tire man on the beach," she said.
But Weber did not allow the pressure to get to her. Crushed by her second place in Australia in 1970, Godfrey did not compete in San Diego. Instead Weber faced a solid challenge from newcomer Mary Anne Hayes from Florida and local talent Debbie Melville (now Beacham).
Favored to win, Melville flew through her early rounds, winning all her heats, only to have a shocker in the final. "I lost my board," Beacham said. "It's that typical story, I won every single heat until the last heat." In the pre-leash era, a lost board frequently ended a surfer's chances and one of Weber's strengths was that it rarely happened to her.
Characteristically for the time, the women paddled out on an eclectic collection of surfcraft. Beacham rode a 7'4" Skip Frye single fin, while Weber chose to surf a much shorter board. "It was a 5'11" Lightning Bolt made by Gerry Lopez himself," Weber said.
At the buzzer, Weber won a close victory over Hayes and as the sun set, Blears won ahead of Nuuhiwa. Weber had spent her first days in Hawaii at the Blears family hotel in Honolulu. In those days, Weber had not yet learned how to surf. Now, she had grown up to become a two-time world champion.
As the reigning world champion, Weber received a free plane ticket to the 1974 World Championship set to be held in South Africa. There was one problem. The Apartheid Laws passed in South Africa beginning in the 1950's barred non-whites from the beaches and other public areas. "Jimmy Blears and Fred Hemings could go, but none of the Hawaiian guys could go," she said. "So I gave them back the ticket."
After that, there was not much left for Weber to do. The peak of her career coincided with a lull in competitive surfing. "I was in the world contest in 1972, and then everything went to a flat spell," said Beacham. "There's this empty space in the middle." The culture of surfing soured on contest surfing. "Surfing is not a sport," declared Nat Young, and it seemed that everyone agreed.
Weber watched one of the first men's professional contests at Sunset Beach from the beach with Nancy Katin, who owned the Katin brand, and Mike Purpus. "But that wasn't for me, either," she said. "I didn't want to be the girl that surfed with boys, no, no!" Women's pro surfing remained somewhere out on the distant horizon.
Instead Weber turned her energies in a different direction. In August 1974, Weber bought a $25 ticket to Kauai. A month later, she opened her own tire store in a warehouse in Lihue.
Friend, her long-time boss, counseled against it, whether out of self-interest or real concern, it's impossible to say. Congress had just impeached President Richard Nixon, and the economy looked uncertain. Determined, Weber opened Tire Warehouse in September 1974.
The following year, Weber competed in one of the first professional women's contests at Haleiwa. "For me to be five days in Oahu instead of here in Kauai, that was not happening," she said. Selling tires paid the bills. Surfing did not.
A women's event at Pipeline might have changed Weber's mind. "When I paddled out at Pipeline, I wasn't the best, but I was decent," she said. Weber quit surfing Pipeline after a traveling surfer died there. She was on the beach and participated in the rescue. The experience left her shaken. A contest might have changed her mind — both about Pipeline and about continuing to compete.
"If they had a Pipeline for girls in the next year after Haleiwa, I would have done it," she said. "But they didn't."
By 1977, when she could have competed for a professional world title, Weber had moved on. She continued to surf in Kauai and occasionally teach surf lessons. A few times, Weber traveled with friends to Nomatu in Fiji. Mostly, she sold tires.
Weber is a transitional — and transformative — figure in women's surfing. Hoffman's stylish longboarding slid into the rearview as Weber and a younger generation embraced the futuristic, shorter boards and the aggressive turns that went with them. Weber's innovative style helped open a new era for women's surfing. "She was ahead of her time," says Lopez. Oberg and Lynne Boyer soon picked up the standard and dominated the first decade of women's professional surfing.
Now 72, Weber lives in Lihue with her golden retriever Hoku. "Once I moved here, that was it," she says. "This is where I'm going to die, too." Though she never married, Weber had three long-term relationships. The last spanned ten years and nearly reached the altar. The sticking point came when her would-be husband would not sign a prenuptial agreement. Weber wanted to ensure that she retained ownership of her business. "He went to New Zealand," she says. "And I got a dog."
Every day except Sunday, she goes to work at the tire store. The red Lightning Bolt board that Weber rode to victory at the 1972 world championship rests in the rafters of her garage.
"She was good, you know?" says Lopez. He chuckles. "Yeah — Sharron was good."
Tags: gerry lopez, lightning bolt, sharron weber, shortboard revolution, surf history, surfing, womens surfing
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Land and Buildings Transaction Tax (LBTT) is the Scottish equivalent of Stamp Duty and has been in place since 2015. New changes by the Scottish Government now mean that there is no LBTT to pay for first-time buyers on homes up to £175,000, an increase from £145,000. And if your first home costs more than £175,000, you won't have to pay stamp duty on the first £175,000.


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Demetria D. Frank
Parent Category: Criminal Justice and Racism
Category: Prision Industrial Complex and Mass Incarceration
Excerpted From: Demetria D. Frank, Prisoner-to-Public Communication, Brooklyn Law Review 115 (Fall, 2018) (278 Footnotes) (Full Document)
On the forty-seventh anniversary of prison activist George Jackson's death, Heriberto "Sharky" Garcia refused food at Folsom State Prison in California, initiating a national prisoner hunger strike. Since the very possession of a cell phone subjects a prisoner to discipline under the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation Operations Manual, Heriberto took great risks when he recorded and posted to social media a scene of himself telling a prison guard, "[b]urritos or not, not eating today ... I'm hunger striking right now." Having no reason to believe the public would appreciate the significance of the strike's chosen start date, or the stated prisoner demands, Heriberto nevertheless peacefully urged the outside free public to examine why prisoners would resort to refuse food for twenty consecutive days. Heriberto clearly understood that to improve the conditions of his strange home--prison--the public must look beyond transgressions in favor of basic human rights. With few other means of addressing the public about prison woes, Heriberto undoubtedly intended this rare prison scene to go viral.
The prisoner hunger strike occurred amidst the backdrop of over two million people behind bars in United States prisons, jails, and other correctional facilities. Although prison overcrowding often presents major offenses to basic human rights, prisoners have no political power to challenge conditions of the prison system. The disparate burdens of the criminal justice system in communities of color are well documented, as are its historical roots in slavery, racism, and black criminalization. Similarly, criminal justice practices like bail bond requirements are documented to penalize the politically powerless poor, and other practices have eliminated large segments of communities of color from meaningful political participation through felon disenfranchisement. Especially in light of the grave consequences for socially oppressed groups, the United States corrections system is in desperate need of repair and transparency. Moreover, it simply doesn't work.
To promote prison accountability, transparency, and public safety, this article proposes an unqualified and unfettered right of prisoner-to-public communication. Although prisoners possess an implied right to communicate with members of the free public, all forms of external prisoner communication are subject to prison administration surveillance. Prison administrator review of prisoner external public communication makes it difficult for the public to obtain the unfiltered prisoner viewpoint, with little penological purpose for doing so.
Narratives about prison treatment are important, especially considering that incarcerated people have inside knowledge about prison life and the social circumstances resulting in the loss of freedom. Incarcerated people are also likely the best providers of prison accountability. Yet, the United States Supreme Court has perpetuated the lack of prison accountability by affording high deference to prison regulations that block free press in prisons and limit the First Amendment rights of prisoners. The resulting lack of corrections industry oversight has silenced the voices of prisoners and subverted their existence.
This article proceeds in several parts. Part I provides a brief description of the increased use of prison in the United States, explaining why the impacts of incarceration and overcrowding warrant consideration of the proposed prisoner-to-public communication right.
Part II discusses the Supreme Court's"hands-off" approach to prisoner rights and prison administration while examining the role of the prisoner rights movement in prisoner rights gains. This discussion illustrates the need for unqualified and unfettered prisoner-to-public communication, while emphasizing the importance of prisoner voice and public accountability in promoting good prison practices.
Part III proposes an unqualified and unfettered right of prisoner-to-public communication, explaining the necessary features of the proposed right and notable limitations under prevailing Supreme Court prisoner free speech cases. The article closes explaining that the prisoner-to-public communication right would help address the current lack of effective prison oversight that has created serious impediments to addressing prison problems.
It is perplexing why any group of American citizens would need to engage in a hunger strike on U.S. soil in order to be heard. As we evaluate our own personage and criminal justice philosophy in seeking reforms that would create significant and sustainable reductions in prison populations, the unfettered prisoner narrative is essential. Providing prison accountability and transparency through unfettered access to the prisoner narrative would encourage prison policies and practices focused more appropriately on prisoner rehabilitation and public safety. In light of the well-documented problems with the criminal justice system for politically powerless groups and knowing what we now know about prison regulation, recognizing an unqualified and unfettered right of public-to-prisoner communication is a necessary step toward transformative criminal justice reform.
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«Десна́» — проектируемая станция Московского метрополитена на Троицкой линии. Расположится в поселении Десёновское Новомосковского административного округа. Открытие станции запланировано в составе участка  —  после 2025 года. Согласно проекту, станция будет наземной.

20 июля 2021 года постановлением мэра Москвы утверждено наименование «Десна».

История
В апреле 2015 года станция появилась на опубликованной НИиПИ Генплана Москвы схеме развития метро на дальнюю перспективу, где Коммунарская (ныне — Троицкая) линия была обозначена до станции «Троицк», при этом станция «Десна» была обозначена в качестве перспективной со сроком строительства до 2035 года.

В сентябре 2015 года была принята новая редакция адресной инвестиционной программы города Москвы, в которой были предусмотрены затраты на строительство и ввод в эксплуатацию участка линии метро от станции «Коммунарка» до станции «Десна» в 2024 году. Первоначально её местоположение было определено вдоль восточной стороны Калужского шоссе, южнее деревни Десна, в месте примыкания к Калужскому шоссе Центральной улицы. После пересмотра трассировки участка линии от станции «Столбово» до станции «Десёновское» в сентябре 2017 года был принят новый вариант в качестве основного при разработке проекта планировки линии, согласно которому станция изменила своё местоположение на нынешнее.

20 августа 2019 года был утверждён проект планировки участка  — , включающего станцию «Десна».

Примечания

Строящиеся и проектируемые станции Московского метрополитена
Троицкая линия


At the Nvidia GTC last week, the V-Ray folks announced an all-new rendering architecture for V-Ray. The new architecture just crushes it, effectively double the speed of rendering for film, broadcast, and design artists.
The new architecture is a redesign of V-Ray's kernel structure, ensuring a dual-blend of high-performance speed and accuracy.
The improvements in performance are so great that the architecture has been renamed from V-Ray RT to V-Ray GPU, establishing the latter as a professional production renderer, now capable of supporting volumetrics, advanced shading, and other smart tech coming to V-Ray Next.
Chaos Group redesigned V-Ray's kernel structure, producing essentially a "new architecture" for GPU based rendering. Compared to a Core i7 processor, new V-Ray GPU on a TITAN V is up to 15x faster than CPU rendering. This is nothing to sneeze at.
On the Nvidia Titan V, V-Ray GPU is running 80 percent faster than previous benchmarks on the Titan Xp, and up to 10-15x faster than on an Intel Core i7-7700K.
At GTC 2018 Chaos Group hosted a series of talks about V-Ray GPU. We may have more to share about those talks in upcoming reports.
V-Ray GPU will be made available as part of the next update of V-Ray Next for 3ds Max beta, which is coming soon.


The year 1985 was an extremely rich source of brilliant film scores. One of the most significant was David Shire's score to the 1985 Walt Disney film Return to OZ. Starring Fairuza Balk in the role of Dorothy and a host of new friends, the events take place after the story portrayed in The Wizard of OZ, with her Aunt and Uncle believing Dorothy is delusional in her belief in OZ, sending her for psychological therapy before she is whisked back to OZ where she needs to save it from the gnome king.
OZ was the first fantasy film for both Director Walter Murch and the composer. Armed with the London Symphony Orchestra, Shire composed and recorded a stunning magnum opus, rich in themes and motifs, color and beauty, suspense and terror, action and even some ragtime for good measure. In addition to several smaller motifs, Shire wrote a total of nine major themes representing the different characters in the film. He tied most of his themes into some instrumental or stylistic antecedent in American music, because he saw the story as Dorothy's dream. Much of his score is derived from what he imagined Dorothy's experience would be as a girl growing up in America during the turn of the twentieth century.
The complete score on this album is nearly twice the amount of music heard on the original soundtrack (which is presented in its Shire-curated purity on disc 2), edited and mastered from two-track digital stereo mixes derived from the 2″ elements stored in pristine condition in the Walt Disney Pictures vaults. It expands upon the original 1985 soundtrack album in numerous ways, including many previously unreleased cues and edits within various tracks as well as the inclusion of various "sweeteners" (xylophone, triangle, timpani, harp) that were not included in the album mixes. In fact, many of those LP mixes differed in substantial ways and in some cases became wholly new versions distinct from their film counterparts.
Just in time for the film's 30th anniversary, this restoration of one of the finest film scores is now available.
The Wheelers, and that queen who would change her heads are the things nightmares are made of! I still really love that film, though. My son, not so much.


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Members of the MS-13 street gang from suburban New York.
WASHINGTON – The Trump administration vowed Tuesday to crack down on MS-13, a notoriously brutal Central American street gang blamed for a recent series of killings in suburban New York, and accused Obama-era border policies of allowing its ranks to flourish.
The gang is known for hacking and stabbing victims with machetes, drug dealing, prostitution and other rackets. Their recruits are middle and high-school students predominantly in immigrant communities and those who try to leave risk violent retribution, according to officials.
"These organizations enrich themselves by pedaling poison in our communities, trafficking children for sexual exploitation and inflicting horrific violence in the communities where they operate," Attorney General Jeff Sessions said in remarks before meeting with top federal law enforcement officials on ways to dismantle ultraviolent transnational gangs.
MS-13 – or the Mara Salvatrucha – traces its origins to Los Angeles, where thousands fleeing El Salvador's bloody civil war in the 1980s arrived, to protect the immigrants from Mexican and African American gangs. As Central American communities have grown, so has the gang, which is now estimated at 30,000 members operating in semi-autonomous cliques mostly in Central and North America. More than 10,000 MS-13 are in the U.S., according to federal law enforcement officials. However, the FBI doesn't break down its national crime statistics by gang affiliation, and the bureau doesn't collect MS-13-specific data, a spokeswoman said.
The Justice Department suspects major gang leaders are using cellphones from Salvadoran prisons to instruct members who have crossed into the U.S. illegally to kill rivals and extort legal and illegal businesses owned by immigrants. Authorities suspect members of the gang are behind last week's slayings in central Long Island of four young people, which are among 11 killings that have rattled the working-class immigrants of Central Islip, New York, since September.
Sessions has called for more aggressive prosecution of crimes such as illegal border crossing and smuggling others into the U.S. as a way to deter violence.
"We cannot allow this to continue. We will secure our border, expand immigration enforcement, and choke-off supply lines. If you are a gang member: We will find you," said Sessions, who also alleged that so-called sanctuary cities, which limit local cooperation with immigration authorities, undermine law enforcement efforts to stop such gangs.
Kelly, during a separate speech at George Washington University, said transnational criminal groups, such as the drug cartels and MS-13, are engaged in kidnapping, torture and human trafficking and pose one of the greatest threats to the U.S. "They are utterly without laws, conscience or respect for human life," he said.
During the Obama administration, the government focused on immigrants in the country illegally who posed a threat to national security or public safety and recent border crossers. More than 2.5 million people were deported under Obama's policies, many of them characterized as suspected or confirmed gang members.
The Obama administration made unprecedented efforts to fight MS-13, targeting the gang's finances by declaring it an international criminal group subject to sanctions by the Treasury Department. The goal of that 2012 maneuver was to stymie the gang's ability to funnel money back to leaders in El Salvador or launder criminal proceeds through otherwise legitimate businesses.
Federal prosecutors have targeted MS-13 before, pursuing racketeering cases throughout the 2000s in places such as San Francisco, Maryland, northern Virginia; Charlotte, North Carolina; and elsewhere. The Justice Department said it made progress in 2009 and 2010. The FBI last week added an MS-13 member to its Ten Most Wanted Fugitives list for his suspected role in the 2011 killing of a man with a baseball bat and a screwdriver.
But James Trusty, who headed the department's organized crime and gang section before he left in January, said the group appeared to be experiencing a recent revival in some of those same places.
Stricter vetting at the border is necessary to stop MS-13 members from coming into the U.S., Trusty said, noting some are coached to tell immigration officials they're escaping violence in their home country in order to stay.
"My own view is there has to be some correlation between lax immigration policies and replenishment of the gangs in places where they already existed," he said.


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Samudragupta (reigned 335-380) is the second ruler of the Gupta Dynasty, who ushered in the Golden Age in India. He was a benevolent ruler, a great warrior and a patron of arts. Samudragupta, son of Chandragupta, was perhaps the greatest king of Gupta dynasty. His name appears in the Javanese text 'Tantrikamandaka'. But the most detailed and authentic record of his reign is preserved in the rock pillar of Allahabad, composed by Harisena, the court poet of Samudragupta.
Chandragupta, a Magadha raja married a Lichhavi princess, Kumardevi which enabled for him to gain a hold over the Ganges river- the main source of north Indian commerce. He ruled for about ten years in the north-central India.
After his death his son, Samudragupta started to rule the kingdom and did not rest until he conquered almost the whole of India. His reigning period may be described as a vast military campaign. To begin with he attacked the neighboring kingdoms of Shichchhatra (Rohilkhand) and Padmavati (in Central India). He conquered the whole of West Bengal befoe partition, some Kingdoms in Nepal and he made Assam pay him tribute. He absorbed some Tribal states like the Malvas, the Yaudheyas, the Arjunayanas, the Abhiras and the Maduras. The later Kushanas and the Sakas paid him tribute.
Towards south, along the coast of Bay of Bengal he proceeded with great vigor and defeated Pithapuram's Mahendragiri, Kanchi's Vishnugupta, Mantaraja of Kurala, Mahendra of Khosla and many more till he reached the river Krishna.
Samudragupta extended his Kingdom in the west over Khandesh and Palaghat. However he preferred to maintain friendly terms with Vatakata in Central India. He performed Aashvamadha Yajna (Horse Sacrifice) after winning every big battle.
Samudragupta's territories extended from the Himalayas in the north to the river Narbada in the south and from the Brahamaputra River in the east to the Yamuna River in the west. His greatest achievement can be described as the political unification of most of the India or Aryavarta into a formidable power. He assumed the title of Maharajadhiraja (The King of the Kings).
Most certainly, Samudragupta is the father of Gupta monetary system. He started minting seven different types of coins. They are known as the Standard Type, the Archer Type, the Battle Axe Type, the Aashvamedha Type, the Tiger Slayer Type, the King and Queen Type and the Lyrist Type. They exhibit a fine quality of technical and sculptural finesse.
This great warrior had a benevolent heart. He showed great nobility towards all those kings who were defeated. He gave various tribal states autonomy under his protection.
His court was full of Poets and Scholars. He had a keen interest in music and was probably an accomplished Lyrist (a kind of Musical Instrument).
Samudragupta was succeeded by his son Chandragupta II, also known as Vikramadiyta (380-413A.D.). The prosperity of the Gupta Dynasty continued to flourish under his rule.


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Lakes Need Water
The Case for an Estuary
Lower Lakes Facts
The Barrages
Letters and Submissions
Letters and Submissions >
Lower Lakes and Sea Levels
Water levels in the Lower Lakes and Encounter Bay
In 2000 the then SA Dept for Water Resources in their report for the MDBC, wrote:
"The land surrounding the Lower Lakes and the eastern shore of the Coorong would generally have been heavily vegetated with low scrub and saltmarsh. The lakes would have fluctuated in level and salinity on a seasonal basis, probably over a range of EL (AHD) 0 m to EL 0.5 m during most seasons, giving water depths of 1–2 m. Severe drought and flood would have increased this range. The primary change for the lower River Murray, since the construction of the barrages and the dramatic reduction in flows, has been the loss of the vast estuarine system and the consequent loss of biodiversity and ecological resilience. The ecosystems are at risk of degrading into a uniform condition, having low diversity and interfering with the natural productive capacity of the region, particularly from a fishery perspective."
SA Dept Water Resources for MDBC, 2000
Barrage Gates Open January to May in 2011
Between January and May, 2011, the majority of the gates of the Lower Lakes barrages were open to allow River Murray flood waters flow out to sea. During this period flows over Lock 1 ranged from 50 GL/d, to 78 GL/d in mid March, before declining to 21 GL/d at the end of May when the number of open gates was reduced from 402 to 47 then 25 to prevent further sea water intrusions. The period whilst most of the gates were open was an ideal opportunity to observe the interaction between sea and river levels.
The results of recent water level observations from the Murray Mouth along the Goolwa Channel and into Lake Alexandrina are summarised in figure 1 below. The readings were mainly taken from the automatic recorders installed during the drought.
Relationship between Lower Lake water levels, tide and storm influences and seawater intrusion
The plots A1 and A2 show River water levels from Murray Bridge to the Mouth at flows of 50 to 78 GL/d over Lock 1. At lesser more normal flows the slope would be shallower and approaching mean sea level (0m AHD) in the absence of the barrages.
Plot B shows that at normal maximum spring tides the flow of water was reversed and salinity recordings show sea water intrusion extended to just beyond the Hindmarsh Island Bridge.
Plot C occurred on May 22 when spring tides coincided with an intense low pressure system and storm winds to 40 knots. This event caused saline intrusion up past Point Sturt and to Milang and Mulgundawa in Lake Alexandrina. From May22 to July 31 there were 4 similar events but from June 1 the majority of the barrage gates were closed limiting the amount of sea water inflow.
On July 4 there was a "king tide" in Encounter Bay due to a combination of tide, ocean swell and storms and the water level at Reedy Island reached 1.42m AHD and in Encounter Bay sea level would have reached close to the maximum recorded (see plot D). Again only a total of 23 gates were open limiting sea water intrusion further upstream.
The above figure and observed effects clearly demonstrates just how vulnerable the Lower Lakes area is to sea levels in Encounter Bay. It can be concluded that:
in pre barrage days sea water intrusion would have been common
even with more active barrage management, it may not be possible to expel flood waters efficiently depending on the timing of river flows and sea levels, and
even a small rise in sea level in the future will have dramatic consequences let alone a sea level rise of 0.5 to 1.0m.
Read more about seawater incursions at Ian's Corner.
Ian Rowan, Goolwa


text:
Diego Maradona: My conditions must be met
By The Sport Review
Wednesday 7 October 2009, 16:42 UK
"There are things that I didn't like," says under-fire coach.
Diego Maradona (Image via Wikipedia)
Under-fire Argentina coach Diego Maradona has revealed that he is unhappy with certain events that have taken place since his appointment.
The 48-year-old also stressed that in order for him to continue as manager, he must be allowed to work 'under his conditions'.
Maradona has been under intense pressure following Argentina's failure to deliver in crucial World Cup qualifiers, leaving his side in a tricky position, currently fifth in the South American qualifying group.
"I have a commitment with the guys, having said yes to Julio [Grondona] when he invited me to his house asking me to coach the national team was something very nice, but then came lots of things that I didn't like, and we will discuss them later on," he said.
"There are things that I didn't like and to continue my conditions will have to be met."
The coach also put the high number of bookings his side have picked up down to the attitude displayed by the team in every match.
"We have a team with lots of yellow cards as we kept on getting yellows in each match, in all of the matches in which we played for our lives."
'One more point and it's off to the World Cup!'
Avram granted second Portsmouth shot


text:
Jun 5, 2014 9:00 am by Mike Helenthal | News Editor | 217-333-5491Campus Life
Shhhhhhhh ...
Laura Barnes, a librarian for the Prairie Research Institute and the executive director of the Great Lakes Regional Pollution Prevention Roundtable, shows off her librarian action figure, one of the many pieces in her office collection.
LAURA BARNES
Somewhere just south of the autographed Brisco County Jr. glossy photo, maybe behind a collectible librarian "action" figure and underneath a child's homemade art project, there may be a placard that reads, "A cluttered desk is the sign of an intelligent mind."
Or at least there should be.
Laura Barnes, a librarian for the Prairie Research Institute, with liaison responsibilities to the Illinois Sustainable Technology Center, and the executive director of the Great Lakes Regional Pollution Prevention Roundtable, has been using her U. of I. office space for inspiration for 20 years.
"I just like having stuff to look at while I'm at work," she said. "If it's something odd or it just looks good, I bring it in. Things have just accumulated over the years, but I think it makes work more interesting."
She said her proclivity for collecting was influenced by her father, Bob Reid, a U. of I. journalism professor whose central academic message was "Be A Curious George." It wasn't long before Reid's students and colleagues started giving him Curious George memorabilia for his office. Reid died in 2004.
"He always had all these things in his office," she said. "I guess that just rubbed off."
Barnes said she goes through the occasional cleaning binge, though during busy times the paperwork overtakes the office and things must be rearranged. She's moved offices twice during her tenure, requiring additions or subtractions to her collection.
As for work, most times she employs the "ordered piles" method of office organization, a trait often associated with geniuses.
"I cleaned up a little when I heard you were coming over because it had been about three years since I really reorganized everything," she said. "It's been kind of nice being able to use my desk again."
The librarian action figure may be the best of her collectible conversation starters - the action coming from a pointing figure and electronic, noncombative "shushing" sound that activates with the push of a button.
But she is most proud of the homemade artwork created by her daughter, which is scattered throughout the office. The daughter is now a junior in high school, but one can trace the development of the aspiring graphic artist just by combing Barnes' office walls.
"She has a great eye for combining patterns and colors," she said. "I also have a few pieces of pottery here that I painted, but I can't draw to save my life."
Other pieces in her office collection include educational campaign posters from the American Library Association (one noting that "librarians are heroes every day"); a poster of Wrigley Field; various newspaper cartoon clippings; a collection of "funky" writing pens; and a large assortment of figurines, Lego creations and toys.
There also are photos of the pet rabbits she and her family have adopted through her association with the House Rabbit Society (http://www.rabbit.org), a volunteer organization that promotes spaying and neutering rabbits, advocates bringing them indoors to live as companion animals and campaigns against using them as prizes or gifts.
"My bunny is for life, not just for Easter," she said, repeating the organization's motto.
Visual stimulation also plays a role in her work. Her current Great Lakes grant has an extensive work plan, which led Barnes to create a brightly colored task checklist that hangs on the wall in front of her desk. The chart helps to organize myriad project tasks while simultaneously compelling her to drop the Legos and get to work. She said the checklist wouldn't have the same impact if viewed only on a computer monitor.
"It's a physical thing that I can see when I'm sitting at my desk," she said. "I don't have to pull anything up on the computer and I feel a great sense of accomplishment when I check something off."
HEATHER GILLETT
Brain food Heather Gillett, a graphic designer in the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences advancement office, shows off the Zombie Outbreak Shelter that she keeps in her office … just in case. It's filled with people snacks and dog treats – and decidedly lacks zombie-enticing brains.
If, in an apocalyptic version of the future, zombies ever do overrun campus, Heather Gillett's office would be a good place to hunker down.
Gillett, a graphic designer in the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences advancement office, has created her own, closely guarded "Zombie Outbreak Shelter" - a metal office cabinet that doubles as a snack center for human hunger pangs (which usually occur at about 3 p.m.).
"I've got Life Savers and candy and other treats that I like to give out to kids or anyone who comes into the office," she said. "We're a pet-friendly office, so I even have dog biscuits in there."
Gillett has only been in the office for a year, after working 15 years for a local private-sector company. In that time she has transformed the atmosphere to one that reflects her personality.
The Zombie Outbreak Shelter was inspired by the movie "Zombieland," which she recently saw and became a fan of. Although Gillett loves Halloween and never misses the opportunity to create and dress in an original costume, she said she normally isn't a fan of the zombie genre. "Zombieland" changed her perspective because of its use of typography in the action.
Gillett, considered the "office bug wrangler," can put her squeamishness aside in other areas as well - catching and releasing any spider or intrusive pest that may pop up in the building. She said she rarely kills an insect intruder.
"It really depends on the creepiness of the bug," she said.
Her office decor includes a family-photo montage arranged in a large frame, a large Alma Mater poster she designed and created, a caged bird hanging from the ceiling, a Magic 8 Ball that she regularly consults, and several references and homages to llamas - which by default became her favorite animal after a Parkland College promotion and a report about llamas that her daughter wrote for school.
Suddenly, it seemed, llamas were popping up everywhere in her life.
"I know more about llamas than most people should," she said.
Gillett said that her office decorations, some of which change with the season, are more than just fun - they help her relax and open up her mind when she's developing a creative project for one of the 70 departments within LAS.
"The variety helps keep things fresh," she said. "I just try to keep my office comfortable and fun. I'd like a couch but I don't know where I'd put it."
This is the first installment of the Inside Illinois summer series, "Home Away From Home," which features some of the more interestingly decorated offices on campus. Other installments can be viewed by issue date: June 19, July 3, July 17 and Aug. 7.


text:
Home特別企劃老闆請回答!那些你不知道的新創大小事【Skyline Special Project】More than Boba- Meet Startup Founder and CEO from Taiwan:...
特別企劃老闆請回答!那些你不知道的新創大小事
【Skyline Special Project】More than Boba- Meet Startup Founder and CEO from Taiwan: Tramper( Yoz & Bonnie, founders of Tramper)
Skyline's new project! "More than Boba- Meet Startup Founders &CEO from Taiwan"
The most dangerous place in the world? No! We are the most creative place in the world!
This new project will lead you to know more about Taiwan! We hope to share great Taiwanese startups to the world through interviewing founders of varied companies.
Tramper – Founded By Travelers, Made In the Farthest Corners of the World
"We named our first project Bhumika, a common name for Indian females, as a way to pay respect to all the Indian women that never give up," said Yoz and Bonnie, founders of Tramper, an ethical handmade crafts shop that works with factories from Jaisalmer and Kashmir to empower local women through fair trade and providing work. Not only are Yoz and Bonnie business partners, but also partners in crime. Although they completely roasted each other in our interview with them, it is not difficult to see the effort and passion they put into Tramper.
The name Tramper comes from the book Into the Wild by Jon Krakauer, which detailed Alexander Supertramp's adventure, and unfortunate death, in Alaska. Yoz was inspired by Supertramp's bravery to give up everything and pursue his dreams. "I wanted to name our brand Supertramp, but it was too long so I changed it to Tramper," Yoz quipped. Tramper — the wanderer — has become the core image of the brand, symbolizing the connection between people from different cultures.
Seeing the Cruel Reality for Women in India Sparked the Bhumika Project
"Bhumika is the name of a woman who filed for divorce because husband cheated on her. The divorce trial went on for five years while she tried her best to prove that she could raise her daughter on her own." The origin of the project's name is a cruel reality for many women in India.
India is one of the countries that has the youngest population in the world, but it also has one of the highest levels of gender inequality. Social traditions restrict women's working conditions, and the inequality of education rights has led to a low female literacy rate, low salary, and work insecurity. In addition, the pressure of early marriage, patriarchal culture, and loss of self-identity have caused the suicide of more than 40 thousand Indian women every year for the past 10 years and accounts for a third of the world's female suicides. Not only do they receive gender discrimination as mentioned above, but they often also face a major risk of domestic violence.
On a solo trip to India in 2018, Yoz fell in love with the colorful and gorgeous handknit carpets in India. He unexpectedly met the owner of the handknit works and became exposed to the story behind their production. Yoz visited the hand-knitting workshop and saw women gather in groups of three or five, chatting and doing handicrafts. The workshop owner shared that these women often come to the workshop after finishing house chores as a short breather from family responsibilities and earn some allowance. This scene imprinted itself in Yoz's mind and prompted him to start the Bhumika Project along with Bonnie in 2019.
The project raised 1.7 million NTD on the fundraising website Zeczec, which surpassed their original goal by 395%. 10% of both the fund and the profit from selling the products is put into the Bhumika Fund which supports training for women in underdeveloped regions and orphans in India. The main products of the Bumika project are embroidered handicrafts made by Indian women, ranging from small shoulder bags, laptop cases to home decor items such as pillowcases. Tramper hopes to act as a cultural bridge that brings traditional Indian weaving into the daily life of Taiwanese people through designs that meet the needs of the modern city.
Facing the 2019 Kashmir Crisis and COVID-19 Pandemic
Unfortunately, Tramper faced major challenges within the two years of its establishment, including the turmoil in Kashmir and the COVID-19 pandemic. Especially in the pandemic, a large number of cases broke out in both India and Taiwan. Many of their Indian friends and their family members were diagnosed. Their only physical store in Taiwan was forced to close, which made Yoz and Bonnie feel powerless. But they still view the challenge positively and actively communicate with customers so that the products can be delivered in the best condition. "I will remember these challenges in the future, and I will also respect the fact that I'm able to overcome them," said Yoz. "I believe this is not only Tramper's core belief but also the best encouragement for all of us affected by the pandemic. Looking back after many years, I will definitely be grateful."
On Starting Their Own Business
When asked about the reason they started their own business, Yoz and Bonnie tied it to their personalities and work styles. "Yoz likes to explore on his own and doesn't like to be bound by a bunch of standardized structures," explained Bonnie. "And since you have to work, it is better to work for yourself, at least you can leave behind a little something when you die." Bonnie, on the other half, thinks that starting one's own business takes too much responsibility. So she would prefer to work in the corporate world. "However, when we first started, Yoz was extremely bad at product selection," Bonnie laughed. "That's why I had no choice but to join!"
Tramper's biggest strength is that they established a fair trade supply chain between Taiwan and India. After several on-site visits to local factories, Tramper and its business partners signed the "Bumika Agreement", requiring the workshop to implement work equality in terms of recruitment, salary, promotion, education and training, and working environment. In particular, divorce, single parents, widows, and women who lost their parents are the priority targets. In addition, they also eliminate middle agencies, which are often a source of worker exploitation, and directly order products from the workshop at a more reasonable price. This ensures that employees receive a salary higher than 25% of the local area.
At the end of the interview, Yoz and Bonnie gave some advice to those who want to start their own business. Although young people have a low opportunity cost of pursuing entrepreneurship, at the same time, they have little experience. They advised that being psychologically prepared to face setbacks and not being afraid to try out different things creates a greater chance of success. In addition, they also emphasized hypothesis verification many times. When making decisions, you must try to think about the best and worst results and set a stop-loss point. After all, blindly doing things will only reduce efficiency and waste unnecessary resources. After weathering the various challenges of 2021, we believe Tramper will continue to walk into the lives of different consumers with a wandering spirit and products full of stories.
Learn more about Tramper: https://tramper.tw/
Connect with Tramper through Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/tramper.tw/
Follow Tramper by Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/tramper.tw/
Authors : Skyline overseas ambassadors 向序軒 ( Joy Hsiang), 游昀儒 (Rebecca Yu), 岳映緹 (Chloe Yueh)
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【Skyline Special Project】More than Boba- Meet Startup Founder and CEO from Taiwan:Dream One Education Limited
Skyline特別企劃:老闆請回答!那些你不知道的新創大小事-夢想一號:「玩的不只是魔術方塊,更是五顏六色的夢想」
【Skyline Special Project】More than Boba- Meet Startup Founder and CEO from Taiwan: Anya Biotech


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Fallout Shelter for iOS and Android devices has recently been updated to version 1.4, adding some welcome, fresh changes to the enjoyable vault-management simulator, with many of the new features clearly inspired by the crafting and junk mechanics in Bethesda's fiercely popular action-RPG sequel Fallout 4.
- Turn worthless junk into useful items! Introducing... crafting!
- New Dogs and Cats, and introducing... Parrots! Plus, new pet bonuses!
With new weapons to build, customisable outfits for your dweller population and even a quaint day and night cycle that adds neat aesthetic changes to your vault depending on when you boot up the game, lapsed or beginning overseers may find themselves returning to their vaults only to be overwhelmed by the numerous changes.
Tap the hammer icon in the top right of your screen to bring up the build menu.
Select either the weapon or outfit workshop and find a large three-square plot in which to place your new room.
Assign any single dweller to the room and tap the craft icon (represented by the spanner and screwdriver at the bottom of the screen.
You will see a list of all of the craft-able items (including exclusive Fallout 4 items only obtainable by crafting!), as well as the junk you will need to make each specific weapon/outfit.
Some of the items will be unavailable at first as you may not have the correct junk in your inventory, have not yet collected the corresponding recipe or have not fully upgraded the room to allow the crafting of rare or legendary items (see the following sections).
Once you have selected the item you want to craft, you will need to assign some workers to get the job done.
Choose your assigned dwellers carefully! Each item has a particular 'SPECIAL' attribute and assigning workers with the best stats in the corresponding attribute will speed up the crafting process. Having more workers speeds up the process, so feel free to add up to six if you don't want to wait too long.
Wait patiently and you will eventually have successfully crafted your first item!
Have you heard the one about santa, the wrestler and a chap in power armour?
So, you have your favourite vault dwellers kitted out with new weapons and gear, but they just are not 'legendary' enough right?
To get your hands on the best equipment after maxing out your crafting rooms (done by tapping the up arrow in the top right when you have a room selected and the correct dweller total) you will need two things: junk and recipes.
While unfortunately you cannot currently scrap your current weapon/outfit haul for junk parts like in Fallout 4 (maybe one for update 1.5?), there are several ways you can collect the odd bits and bobs required to craft new stuff.
The most common way of collecting junk is from sending your dwellers out into the wilderness of the wasteland by dragging them outside, just make sure you have given them enough weaponry, armour, Stimpacks and Radaways before sending them out. The best dwellers to send are those with high 'SPECIAL' stats, with Luck in particular helping increase the quantity of junk items collected on and Endurance also allowing your chosen dweller to travel for longer without dying (the game hints that the best items are deep into the wasteland).
The other way takes slightly more work as there is now a fifth card in the collectable lunchboxes. While you can buy these with in-app purchases, if you are a stoically free-to-play player there are optional objectives that yield the valuable packs as well.
Unfortunately your hoard of junk will mean nothing if your dwellers do not know how to put it all together, thankfully the crafting recipes are your ticket to unlocking the absolute best weapons and outfits.
While you can technically collect recipes off of the corpses of attacking raiders after a successful defense, the drop rate is very low. The easiest method, much like junk, is those daring wasteland trips. While you will likely find an array of recipes for rare items, what you really want is the yellow legendary ones like the beauty I managed to snaffle this afternoon (shown in the image below).
While it definitely does not have the same practical advantages of crafting, the new barbershop room is a great way to mould your vault into a paradise of pointy elf ears and dodgy haircuts.
It costs 10,000 caps to build and another 50,000 caps to fully upgrade for facial customisation, but once set up, simply assign a slovenly looking dweller and tinker away. Just make sure you pick the right outfit to go with that bright green mullet and clown nose okay?


text:
WBL Index 97.5
Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man? Yes 1 Passport application procedures
Does the law mandate nondiscrimination in employment based on gender? Yes 1 Equality Act 2010, Secs. 11 and 39
Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment? Yes 1 Equality Act 2010, Secs. 26 and 40
Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment? Yes 1 Protection from Harassment Act, Sec. 2(2)
Equality Act 2010, Secs. 26 and 40
Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value? Yes 1 Equality Act 2010, Ch. 3
Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence? Yes 1 Family Law Act of 1996, Part IV
Domestic Violence, Crime and Victims Act 2004, Part 1
Is there paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to women? Yes 1 The Statutory Maternity Pay (Compensation of Employers) Amendment Regulations 2003, Regulation 4
Does the government pay 100% of maternity leave benefits, or parental leave benefits (where maternity leave is unavailable)? No 0 The Statutory Maternity Pay (Compensation of Employers) Amendment Regulations 2003
Is there paid paternity leave? Yes 1 The Paternity and Adoption Leave Regulations 2002, Regulations 4 and 5
Is there paid parental leave? Yes 1 The Shared Parental Leave and Leave Curtailment (Amendment) Regulations 2014 Reg. 6
Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited? Yes 1 The Maternity and Parental Leave Regulations 1999, Regulation 20(3)
Does the law prohibit discrimination by creditors based on sex or gender in access to credit? Yes 1 Equality Act of 2010, Secs. 4 and 29
Do men and women have equal ownership rights to immovable property? Yes 1 Law Reform (Married Women and Tortfeasors) Act 1935, Sec. 1
Married Women (Restraint upon Anticipation) Act 1949, Sec. 1
Do sons and daughters have equal rights to inherit assets from their parents? Yes 1 Inheritance (Provision for Family and Dependants) Act 1975, Sec. 1
Administration of Estates Act 1925, Secs. 46 and 47
Do female and male surviving spouses have equal rights to inherit assets? Yes 1 Inheritance (Provision for Family and Dependants) Act 1975, Sec. 1
Administration of Estates Act 1925, Sec. 46
Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage? Yes 1 Law Reform (Married Women and Tortfeasors) Act 1935, Sec. 1
Does the law provide for valuation of nonmonetary contributions? Yes 1 Matrimonial Causes Act 1973, Secs. 24 and 25
Are the ages at which men and women can retire with full pension benefits equal? Yes 1 Pensions Act 2007, Part 3, Schedule 3
Does the law establish explicit pension credits for periods of childcare? Yes 1 Official Website of the Government of the United Kingdom