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Up Close with the Bovet Virtuoso VIII 10-Day Flying Tourbillon Big Date
By Roberta Naas / January 31, 2017
This year marks a big one for Bovet 1822. Celebrating its roots, that date back 195 years, Bovet 1822 unveils the Virtuoso VIII — a Big Date 10-Day Flying Tourbillon that deftly blends fine watchmaking heritage with a contemporary spirit and holding three patents. While this company was started in 1822 by the Bovet brothers,…
A Close-Up Look at the Panerai PAM700 LAB-ID Luminor 1950 Carbotech — Possibly the Most High-Tech Panerai Yet
We here at ATimelyPerspective have long respected and been friends with Panerai Central — experts on all-things Panerai. Therefore, with the introduction of the brand's newest LAB-ID Luminor 1950 Carbotech watch, it only made sense to go to the experts for a close-up lo at what really sets this watch apart. It wasn't too long ago that Panerai introduced its first Carbotech…
Storage Wars: USB Keys at SIHH 2017
Those who have been following ATimelyPerspective know that we enjoy taking a break from the seriousness of timepieces once in a while and focusing on things that are — well — a little fun. Each year after the shows, we present the most creative or best USB sticks. On these grand devices, the watch brands…
Olympic Gold Medal Winner Wayde Van Niekerk, a Richard Mille Ambassador, Talks About Time
I had the good fortune recently to meet with South African Olympic champion Wayde van Niekerk, a Richard Mille brand ambassador, and world record-setting medalist at the 2016 Rio Olympics. He to the title in the 400 meter races. He did wearing a Richard Mille watch. We spent some time together in Chantilly France to…
Hands On with the New Montblanc Bronze 1858 Chronometer Tachymeter Watch at SIHH 2017
If you are a r of unusual watch materials, you may want to take a closer lo at the newest vintage-inspired 1858 bronze watches from Montblanc. While not a high-tech material, bronze is rarely used in watchmaking, but when it is – it is highly coveted. The material ages differently in each and every…
SIHH 2017: Piaget Celebrates 60th Anniversary of Altiplano Collection (prices)
By Nancy Olson / January 20, 2017
When the Piaget Aliplano wristwatch was first introduced at Baselworld in 1957, its defining characteristic was its thinness: it was driven by the hand-wound Caliber 9P, which was only 2 mm thick. A few years later, in 1960, the much-heralded self-winding 12P was introduced at just 2.3mm thick. Since then, the Altiplano has embraced a…
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Tag Archives for: EVBox
EVBox and EV Charge Solutions Announce New Distribution Agreement in North America
At the National Electrical Contractors Association (NECA) Trade Show (Oct 16 – 18, 2022) EVBox, a global leader in electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) announced its partnership with EV Charging SolutionsTM for the distribution of their EVBox Iqon level 2 commercial EV charging station to the North American market.
AUSTIN, October 16, 2022 – "Our EVBox Iqon charging station has gone through an extensive engineering and quality processes to ensure superior performance and reliability", said JM Miller (Sales Director North America at EVBox). "We invested substantial resources both in Europe and at our North American Operations in Libertyville, Chicago to ensure the EVBox Iqon exceeds the expectations of the station owner and drivers using it."
Distribution throughout the U.S. and Canada will be provided by EV Charge SolutionsTM, the leading EVSE specialized distributor in North America. "Our new distribution partnership with EVBox is an ideal fit with our business model of one stop shopping for Electrical Contractors", said Mike Moser, EV Charge Solutions' President. "In addition to warehousing and fulfillment services, our logistics and service teams provide the turn-key solution EVBox was looking for."
The EVBox Iqon was on display at the NECA Trade Show in the EV Charge SolutionsTM booth # 2532
About EV Charge SolutionsTM
EV Charge Solutions was established in 2011 as a specialty distributor of electric vehicle supply equipment providing hardware, software, accessories, and project planning assistance to customers. In 2018, EV Charge SolutionsTM expanded from offering 10 brands of charging equipment to also designing and manufacturing accessories for the industry. For more information, visit https://www.evCHARGEsolutions.com
ABOUT EVBOX
Founded in 2010, EVBox empowers forward-thinking businesses to build a sustainable future by providing flexible and scalable electric vehicle charging solutions. With its offering of residential, commercial and fast charging stations, as well as scalable charging management software, EVBox ensures that electric mobility is accessible to everyone. The company has shipped over 400,000 charging ports to customers and partners and processes more than 1.4 million charging transactions per month on the EVBox Everon charging management software. Backed by ENGIE, EVBox is a leader in R&D, with facilities across Europe and North America developing groundbreaking electric vehicle charging technology.
EV Charge Solutions® Announces Agreement with EVBox
Austin, Texas, October 17, 2022 – At the National Electrical Contractors Association (NECA) Trade Show (Oct 16 – 18, 2022) EVBox, a global leader in electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) announced its partnership with EV Charge Solutions® for the distribution of their EVBox Iqon level 2 commercial EV charging station to the North American market.
"Our EVBox Iqon charging station has gone through an extensive engineering and quality processes to ensure superior performance and reliability", said JM Miller (Sales Director North America at EVBox). "We invested substantial resources both in Europe and at our North American Operations in Libertyville, Chicago to ensure the EVBox Iqon exceeds the expectations of the station owner and drivers using it."
Distribution throughout the U.S. and Canada will be provided by EV Charge Solutions®, the leading EVSE specialized distributor in North America. "Our new distribution partnership with EVBox is an ideal fit with our business model of one stop shopping for Electrical Contractors", said Mike Moser, EV Charge Solutions' President. "In addition to warehousing and fulfillment services, our logistics and service teams provide the turn-key solution EVBox was looking for." The IQON is on display at the NECA Trade Show in EV Charge Solutions® booth # 2532
About EVBox: Founded in 2010, EVBox empowers forward-thinking businesses to build a sustainable future by providing flexible and scalable electric vehicle charging solutions. With its offering of residential, commercial and fast charging stations, as well as scalable charging management software, EVBox ensures that electric mobility is accessible to everyone. The company has shipped over 400,000 charging ports to customers and partners and processes more than 1.4 million charging transactions per month on the EVBox Everon charging management software. Backed by ENGIE, EVBox is a leader in R&D, with facilities across Europe and North America developing groundbreaking electric vehicle charging technology.
About EV Charge Solutions®: EV Charge Solutions® was established in 2011 as a specialty distributor of electric vehicle supply equipment providing hardware, software, accessories, and project planning assistance to customers. In 2018, EV Charge Solutions® expanded from offering 10 brands of charging equipment to also designing and manufacturing accessories for the industry. For more information, visit https://www.evCHARGEsolutions.com
EVBox: As electric vehicles gain momentum in the U.S., nearly 4 in 5 EV drivers say there are not enough charging options at work
Businesses that step up to provide charging stations and electric cars for employees will accelerate the nation's shift to emission-free EVs and make themselves more attractive to potential hires, according to a report by Ipsos and EVBox Group.
LIBERTYVILLE, Ill., June 8, 2021 — Despite major government policy and auto industry developments aimed at helping more U.S. drivers switch to electric vehicles (EVs), most EV drivers (78%) say they don't have enough options for charging their cars at work.
Only 22% of EV drivers say there are always enough charging stations where they work, and 43% say there are no chargers at all, according to a report from market research firm Ipsos and EVBox Group, a leading global provider of EV charging solutions.
Businesses that step up to support EV drivers — by adding EV chargers at their locations and offering all-electric company cars to employees — will be more attractive to potential hires. They will also have the opportunity to make a huge impact on their employees, society, and the planet, according to findings of the EVBox Mobility Monitor, which surveyed over 2,000 U.S. residents nationwide in February 2021.
When employers offer workplace charging, EV drivers are more eager to stick with EVs. Two-thirds (67%) of EV drivers say workplace charging would make them more likely to buy another EV as their next car.
More than half of EV drivers (57%) say employers that offer EVs as company cars would be more attractive to work for. Mainstream automakers recently have begun making it cheaper for employers to do so by rolling out more affordable EV options.
Who are workplace EV drivers?
56% of EV drivers are employed full-time, compared to 37% of all U.S. residents.
10% of EV drivers received their EV through their company.
Only 23% of EV drivers charge their EVs at work–compared to the 73% who charge mostly at home.
State of workplace charging
Currently, 4 in 10 EV drivers say that their company has a sustainability vision in place and offers them the choice of an EV when selecting a company car.
That said, EV drivers want more employer support for EVs: 45% would like to see more regular chargers (AC) at work and 33% want more fast charging (DC) stations.
EV drivers not only want more workplace charging, but a majority (6 in 10) expect charging to be free for company cars as well as private vehicles.
Incentives help — but businesses and drivers need more
Businesses are critical to the development of a robust national EV charging network. Federal tax credits and other incentives help companies afford to install the EV infrastructure that drivers need and spur them to act quickly, before credits run out.
Some tax credits and rebates are already available to help businesses add EV chargers at workplaces and to help drivers reduce the cost of buying an EV. President Biden's $2 trillion infrastructure plan, which calls for 500,000 new public charging stations by 2030, would significantly expand and extend these incentives. If Biden's plan becomes reality, it would help the U.S. leverage the full influence and power of the business community to accelerate widespread EV adoption and its benefits for people and the environment.
Findings from the EVBox Mobility Monitor confirm that U.S. drivers want employers to make it easier for them to switch to EVs. Companies can help by adding EVs to their business car options and installing sufficient EV charging infrastructure at workplaces throughout the country. The expanded incentives for businesses and EV drivers in President Biden's plan would empower the U.S. to make tremendous progress toward a sustainable transportation future, but much more can be done. Kristof Vereenooghe (CEO of EVBox Group)
About the EVBox Mobility Monitor
EVBox Group works with Ipsos annually to assess EV adoption in Europe. This is its first U.S. report, which represents the opinions of n=2,002 U.S. residents, including 100 EV drivers and 749 potential EV drivers (respondents who indicated they will most likely or definitely opt for an EV next time they purchase a car). EV drivers include hybrid, PHEV and BEV drivers.
For more information about the Mobility Monitor report, EVBox or Ipsos, contact Katelyn Hojeibane at katelyn.hojeibane@evbox.com.
Founded in 2010, EVBox Group empowers forward-thinking businesses to build a sustainable future by providing flexible and scalable electric vehicle charging solutions. With its extensive portfolio of commercial and ultra-fast EVBox charging stations, as well as scalable charging management software engineered by Everon, EVBox Group ensures that electric mobility is accessible to everyone.
EVBox Group is a leader in R&D, with facilities across Europe and North America developing groundbreaking electric vehicle charging technology. With offices across the globe, including Amsterdam, Bordeaux, Munich, and Chicago, and strong foundations in dozens of markets, EVBox Group is working to shape a sustainable future of transportation.
EVBox's next generation of commercial EV charging arrives in North America
Leading global provider of smart charging solutions for electric vehicles introduces EVBox Iqon to improve EV charging infrastructure for public and semi-public parking spaces.
Libertyville, Ill. – Electric vehicle (EV) charging hardware and software company EVBox announced today that its award-winning Level 2 commercial charging station, EVBox Iqon, has received UL-certification and is available for installation across North America. Designed specifically for the scalability needs of the North American market, Iqon alleviates many of the common problems faced at EV charging locations at shopping centers, hotels, parking facilities, or workplaces and improves the EV charging experience for drivers and operators alike.
With its North American headquarters in Libertyville, Illinois, EVBox is bringing its experience and leadership in the European EV market to the U.S. and Canada, specializing in high value, flexible and reliable charging equipment at competitive price points. Backed by ENGIE, EVBox has already installed more than 150,000 charging ports across more than 70 countries and is committed to a future of EV charging. In Europe, it is the sole supplier of public charging infrastructure in cities such as Amsterdam, Rotterdam and Monaco.
"By creating Iqon for the North American market, we are expanding our AC charging options and directly responding to the rapidly growing EV charging needs in public spaces across the U.S. and Canada," said Mark Henderson, vice president of Sales and Marketing, EVBox North America. "We are here to help meet the growing demand for reliable EV charging at work, retail, and hospitality locations with a flexible and adaptable option. With more than 20 million electric vehicles expected to be on U.S. roads by 2030, we want to ensure drivers can find charging as easily as they can find a parking space."
Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP) interoperability is a central pillar across all EVBox chargers, including the new Iqon, giving users the freedom to choose the right hardware and software combination for their needs and the flexibility to change their EV charging set up at any time without having to replace their hardware. The ability for customers to choose between vendors promotes competition in the market, which stimulates innovation and fair pricing. EVBox North America is a founding member and first certified hardware manufacturer of the Open Charge Alliance.
Key benefits of Iqon
Designed to balance form and functionality, Iqon provides an accessible, intelligent, and reliable EV charging experience. It has also been recognized with a 2019 Red Dot Award, 2019 iF Design Award 2019, and as a 2019 CES Innovation Honoree.
User-centric, attractive design
Durable, sleek design – Stainless-steel housing enhances nearby buildings and surroundings and ensures Iqon will last over the years.
LED light guides – EV drivers can easily identify charging locations so they can quickly find a spot to park and charge, and once charging, colored light rings display the status of each charging session.
Smart Cable Management – Iqon's auto-locking cable management system uses counterweights to make cables lighter and easier to pull, while also ensuring they never drag on the ground.
Wheelchair Accessibility – Iqon is ADA-compliant, keeping all of its access points (charging cables, touch screen) easy to reach from any height and intuitive to use.
Easy set up – Out-of-the-box installation and Bluetooth commissioning via the EVBox Connect app ensures Iqon is always easy to set up.
WiFi and 4G/LTE capabilities – Iqon is always connected to the Cloud, allowing for remote station monitoring, adjustment of charging rates, control over user groups and access, and wireless software and firmware updates.
Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP) compliant – Iqon is built for flexibility through interoperability. Iqon is also integrated with many top North American charging management software providers and can be configured with any other similarly OCPP-compliant EV charging network.
Energy savings and tracking
An important feature of Iqon is that it can be configured in Hub-Satellite clusters of up to 20 ports (10 stations) that act as a single entity, allowing the stations to communicate and ensure the most efficient use of available energy. With a dedicated kWh meter inside every Iqon, the charger can track energy usage and schedule reductions in output with precision.
EVBox Iqon meets or exceeds the UL testing facility's rigorous safety and reliability requirements. The Underwriters Laboratories (UL) third-party certification is considered to be the North American standard for electronics and appliance testing. By putting products through a series of standardized performance tests, UL ensures that everything they certify is safe and reliable.
The Iqon qualifies for numerous rebates and programs across the United States that can save thousands of dollars in hardware and installation costs — in some cases paying for the entire project.
For more information about Iqon and to learn about available rebate opportunities, visit www.evbox.com.
Founded in 2010, EVBox Group accelerates the adoption of electric mobility by bringing convenient, integrated EV charging solutions to businesses and drivers around the world. From its extensive portfolio of commercial and ultra-fast charging stations built by EVBox to its scalable, open-source charging management software engineered by Everon, EVBox Group ensures that electric mobility is accessible to everyone.
Backed by ENGIE, EVBox Group is a leader in research and development, with multiple labs and factories across Europe and North America developing groundbreaking EV charging technology. With offices across the globe including Paris, Chicago, and Amsterdam, and strong foundations in dozens of markets, EVBox Group is shaping a cleaner future of transportation.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The long-term trend of the EPS is an important number as it indicates the present value of Infinera Corporation. It is usually expressed as a percentage and is then referred to as the EPS growth rate, which at this time is hard to estimate, but revenue growth has been 7.80 % over the last twelve months. EPS growth is a vital measure of execution of the strategy for Infinera Corporation since it indicates how well the business is allocating resources to benefit shareholders.
Infinera Corporation is part of the technology sector and trades as part of the communication equipment industry. The company CEO is Thomas J. Fallon. Infinera Corp is an optical transport networking equipment provider. The company serves telecommunications service providers, Internet content providers, cable providers, research and education institutions, and government entities.
The INFN shares had a previous change of 2.09% which opened at 4.33 and closed at 4.39. It moved to an intraday high of 4.51 and a low of 4.22.
Over the last five trading days, INFN shares returned 8.93% and in the past 30 trading days it returned -2.44%. Over three months, it changed -25.97%. In one year it has changed -36.10% and within that year its 52-week high was 12.39 and its 52-week low was 3.54. INFN stock is 24.01% above its 52 Week Low.
Our calculations result in a 200 day moving average of 8.03 and a 50 day moving average of 4.62. Right now, INFN stock is trading -45.36% below its 200 day moving average and may not be a great opportunity to buy as it may continue to trend down.
The company has a market cap of $768.2m with 175.0m shares outstanding and a float of 173.7m shares. Trading volume was 6,080,277 shares and has experienced an average volume of 2,542,155 shares. Our calculation, using the current average volume and close price, leads me to believe that the liquidity is bad, highly speculative and an investor may want to avoid this stock.
The last annual reported EPS for Infinera Corporation was -1.32 which ended on 31st of December 2017. Based on 7 analyst estimates, the consensus EPS for the next quarter is -0.35.
Based on the latest filings, there is 124.60% of institutional ownership. Short-interest was 0, which was 0.00% of shares outstanding. The short-interest ratio or days-to-cover ratio was 0.00.
Based on last reported financials, the company's return on equity is -21.67%, return on assets is -12.76%, profit margin is -13.22%, price-to-sales is 0.93 and price-to-book is 0.97.


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Lewis Kenneth "Kayo" Lunday (August 13, 1912 – July 13, 2005) was an American football offensive lineman for the New York Giants of the National Football League.

References

External links

1912 births
2005 deaths
American football offensive linemen
American football linebackers
Arkansas Razorbacks football players
New York Giants players
Players of American football from Oklahoma
People from Delaware County, Oklahoma

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Hibiscus Tea has a great therapeutic value due to its cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, cholesterol lowering, and metabolism stimulating properties. It also has a gentle laxative and mild antitussive action.
Hibiscus tea is an herbal tea made from the sepals of the Hibiscus Sabdariffa (Roselle) flower. The hibiscus delicious herbal tea is great for you and has several health benefits.
About: Hibiscus is a bushy annual plant. Hibiscus plant grows in tropical areas and produces orange red flowers. These flowers have been used for centuries for various medicinal purposes. It is also called (CHINA ROSE).Its flowers are harvested, dried and can be steeped as a hibiscus tea.
Hibiscus tea is also a rich source of Vitamin C and iron. Vitamin A is also present but in small amount.
Those who are trying to find natural and ayurvedic methods of healing illness and diseases, hibiscus tea is a good solution for them. This hibiscus tea has been gaining the popularity over the past few years due its benefits. The tea can be enjoyed hot or cold with different ingredients for different and unique taste.
Place hibiscus flowers in the cup.
Put boiled water over them.
Allow to steep them for five minutes.
You can also add lemon and mint in it for enhancing the taste of it.
Mix sugar, water, cinnamon and ginger in the sauce pan.
Heat the mixture until it mixed well.
Now put the whole mixture in the cup of dried hibiscus flowers and stir well.
Let it to be steep for 20 minutes. Put ice or place it to be chilled.
You can also add lemon and mint as per your taste.
Steep the 4 tea bags of hibiscus tea and mint leaves in 4 cups of boiling water for about 10 to 15 minutes.
Add 2 cups of cold water and apple juice in it. Refrigerate it for chilling. Serve it.
Hibiscus Tea is mainly useful due to its antibiotic like action, which helps fighting off bacterial infections. Its antiviral action reduces common cold severity and gives early relief. Scientific research has suggested it reduces blood pressure, abdominal spasms and uterine cramps.
The main action of Hibiscus in cough is to dissolve phlegm and reduce its stickiness and thickness. Due to this mucolytic action of Hibiscus tea, it is beneficial in productive cough with excess amount of thick and sticky mucus.
In cold, it is beneficial when one has nasal-congestion, sneezing and thick discharge from the nose. These symptoms appear after 1 to 2 days of common cold attack.
Hibiscus tea is also rich in vitamin C, which has antioxidant action. The essential phyto-nutrients present in the hibiscus tea boost our immune system and helps the body to fight off illness, flu and infections.
The anti-oxidants (bioflavonoid) present in hibiscus tea helps to remove plaque from the walls of the arteries and puts positive effect on the cardiac health. These bioflavonoids reduce cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Lowering cholesterol levels improves cardiac health and decreases the heart related risks.
Tip: Adding a pinch of black pepper in the Hibiscus tea increases anti-cholesterol properties of Hibiscus.
Hibiscus Tea is useful in mild to moderate hypertensive cases. Its antihypertensive action and hypocholesterolemic effect of Hibiscus Tea is attributed to Anthocyanins, polyphenols and hibiscus acid present in Hibiscus. Anthocyanins inhibit LDL-C oxidation, which helps impeding atherosclerosis or narrowing of the blood vessels. Antihypertensive action of Hibiscus Tea or Hibiscus extract is comparable with CAPTROPRIL. Moreover, Hibiscus tea is a diuretic and increases urination, which may also help lowering blood pressure. Patients who have hypertension (high blood pressure) can take hibiscus tea daily.
The anti-oxidants present in hibiscus tea helps to reduce free radicals in the body and can prevent pre-cancerous cells from growing. In this way, hibiscus tea reduces the risks of having cancer in the body.
Hibiscus tea has been used for centuries to treat mental related problems such as stress, depression, anxiety etc. The people having mood swings and depression should take hibiscus tea in their daily life. This will put positive effect on their mind and refreshes the nervous system. It gives calm to the mind and the body. Adding Brahmi (Bacopa Monnieri) leaves in the tea increases its efficacy.
Hibiscus tea is LIKELY SAFE & WELL TOLERATED within the dosage described in this article. There are no side effects reported with hibiscus tea regular use for 8 weeks.
There is some evidence that hibiscus might start menstruation, and this could cause a miscarriage. There is not enough reliable information about the safety of taking hibiscus if you are breast-feeding. Stay on the safe side, and avoid use.
Hibiscus tea may be unsafe and not recommended for the pregnant women or those who are undergoing fertility treatments. It lowers the level of estrogens in the body and can cause menstruation, which may lead to miscarriage or bleeding. Specifically, pregnant women in first trimester should not take hibiscus tea. Women having hormone treatment or taking birth control pills should not take hibiscus tea.
The safety information about Hibiscus tea use by lactating mothers is not available, so avoid taking it during this period.
Drowsiness & Hallucinations: After drinking hibiscus tea, one feels a bit drowsy. However, it is not a side effect, but it helps you to relax and fall asleep because it has mild hallucinogenic effects. So, one should avoid to take this tea if he is planning to drive a vehicle or operate heavy machinery.
Low blood pressure: As taking hibiscus tea lowers the high blood pressure, but the people already have low blood pressure should avoid taking this tea. It can further lower pressure and increases health risks.
None of the claims in this article are supported by citing research results.
We will add references. It's in our to do list, but it may take sometime. Information in the article is correct.


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MTN shares Hit the Right Notes after its Mobile Money Licence Approval in Nigeria
November 8, 2021November 9, 2021
MTN shares soared on Friday after the announcement that Nigerian authorities had approved its licence for the Mobile Money (MoMo) payments service – which is is likely to be a significant revenue stream for the pan-African mobile operator.
Nigeria is MTN's biggest market.
The company announced that the Central Bank of Nigeria had granted approval in principle for the service, which is the "first step in the process towards a final approval"- the process is subject to conditions by the central bank.
Stocks of the firm hit a day's high of R174.99 on Friday, off a low of R147.59.
Online payment services are growing at a rapid pace across African markets, given the increased access to the internet and demand for seamless money transfer. In a quarterly update on Thursday, the company said active MTN Mobile Money customers had increased by 2.2 million to 51.1 million, during the period to end of September. Transactions performed on the service were up 67.2% year-on-year to $175.5 billion.
MTN launched the service in South Africa in 2020, and the company has so far described it as "progressing well" with approximately 3.9 million registered users. The number of 30-day active subscribers exceeded 450 000 on 30 September 2021.
"The focus remains on scaling the MoMo business and deepening financial inclusion by driving adoption as well as innovative and relevant service offerings," the company said.
Mobile Money allows users to make financial transactions using their cellphones, including shopping and entertainment offerings.
Fin24
TikTok is Testing a new Tipping feature with Selected Creators
Business School Allows Students to Pay in Bitcoin to Attend Blockchain Classes


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lv Latvia en
"Because architecture is sensuous, the more of it there is in products - says Coates - the better." Typically his objects have body-like curves, and playful character. His architecture has characteristic fluidity too, and seems inclined to muscle-in on the city. Architect, designer and commentator Coates is one of those rare talents whose vision relies on the overlap between professional fields. He considers the complexity and confusion of cities as fundamental to their attraction, an attitude which translates into his iconoclastic buildings in Japan and the UK, such as the Wall in Tokyo, the Pop Museum in Sheffield, and the Body Zone in the Millennium Dome. In 1998 he designed his proto-living unit, the Oyster House, which included a raft of objects including the OXO sofa system and the first of his vase designs in glass. His book 'Guide to Ecstacity', 2003 is published by Laurence King.
FROM C TO F /
design Nigel Coates
Big Shoom


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Why some open-source companies are considering a more closed approach
by Tom Krazit on November 19, 2018 at 7:00 am November 19, 2018 at 10:23 am
A scene from the KubeCon/CloudNativeCon 2018 open-source conference in Shanghai. (Cloud Native Computing Foundation Photo, via Flickr.)
At the peak of its power, open-source software is having an existential crisis.
There's no question that the concept of open-source software has revolutionized the enterprise software world, which spent billions of dollars fighting the mere idea for several years before accepting that a new future had arrived. But more than a few people are starting to wonder if the very nature of open-source software ― the idea that it can be used by pretty much anyone for pretty much anything ― is causing its developers big problems in the era of distributed cloud computing services.
EARLIER: Why it might be time for Big Cloud to share the wealth with open-source startups
Since we last explored this topic, two prominent open-source software companies have made the decision to alter the licenses under which some of their software is distributed, with the expressed intent of making it harder ― or impossible ― for cloud computing providers to offer a service based around that software.
Two companies does not a movement make. But as the cloud world packs its bags for Las Vegas and Amazon Web Services' re:Invent 2018 conference next week, underscoring that company's ability to set the agenda for the upcoming year, the intersection between open-source projects and cloud computing services is on many people's minds.
Abby Kearns, executive director of Cloud Foundry Foundation, speaks at the 2017 GeekWire Cloud Tech Summit. (GeekWire Photo / Kevin Lisota)
"The way that I would think of it, the role that open source plays in creating commercial opportunities has changed," said Abby Kearns, executive director of the open-source Cloud Foundry Foundation. "We're going to see a lot more of this conversation happening than less."
"I would put it in a very blunt way: for many years we were suckers, and let them take what we developed and make tons of money on this."
Redis Labs CEO Ofer Bengal doesn't mince words. His company, known for its open-source in-memory database, has been around for eight years, an eternity in the fast-changing world of modern enterprise software.
Cloud computing was very much underway in 2011, but it was still a tool for early adopters or startups that couldn't afford to bet millions on servers to incubate a promising but unproven idea. Most established companies were still building their own tech infrastructure the old-fashioned way, but they were increasingly realizing that open-source software would allow them to build that infrastructure with open-source components in ways that were much more flexible and cheaper than proprietary packages from traditional enterprise software companies.
Ofer Bengal, founder and CEO, Redis Labs. (Redis Labs Photo)
Redis became quite popular during that period, and major companies like American Express, Home Depot, and Dreamworks built tech infrastructure using the database. Redis Labs offers its own product, Redis Enterprise, that provides the database as a service on public clouds or supports customers running it on their own infrastructure, and continues to contribute to the Redis open-source project.
AWS likes to insist that it is primarily focused on its customers, but that focus also allows it to see which technologies and services are gaining traction in order to offer similar services to its customers. It launched an AWS-managed version of the open-source version of Redis as a cloud service in 2013.
Since then, AWS has made "hundreds of millions" of dollars offering Redis to its customers without contributing nearly as much to the open-source community that builds and maintain that project, Bengal said. It's impossible to know exactly how much money we're really talking about, but it's certainly true that AWS and other cloud providers benefit from the work of open-source developers they do not employ.
"Ninety-nine percent of the contributions to Redis were made by Redis Labs," Bengal said. There's a longstanding myth in the open-source world that projects are driven by a community of contributors, but in reality, paid developers contribute the bulk of the code in most modern open-source projects, as Puppet founder Luke Kanies explained in our story earlier this year.
That money has to come from somewhere. For a long time, Redis was a good example of a successful open-source business model, shepherding the base project while developing its own software and services around it. But as more and more companies embrace cloud computing and "lift and shift" their existing applications and infrastructure to providers like AWS, it makes a lot of sense to use the AWS Redis service alongside all the other table-stakes AWS services like EC2 and S3 as opposed to a service offered by Redis through the AWS Marketplace.
This is a problem not just for us but for almost any successful open-source project to date.
"This is a problem not just for us but for almost any successful open-source project to date," Bengal said. And while AWS is always the focus of these conversations due to its market power, it's far from the only cloud provider around the world offering these types of open-source projects as services.
So in August, Redis Labs decided to convert the license it uses for new database extensions built on top of Redis — but not Redis itself — to the Commons Clause license, which specifies that other companies are not allowed to offer those extensions as a cloud service.
"We keep the freedom to decide for each piece of software whether to put that under the permissive open-source license or Commons Clause," Bengal said. "This is basically a business decision."
Then in October, another well-known open-source database company made a similar decision. MongoDB announced that going forward, it would license the MongoDB Community Server software under a different license called SSPL, which allows cloud providers to offer MongoDB as a service but requires them to either open-source all of the code they write to create that service or reach a commercial arrangement with MongoDB.
Dev Ittycheria, president and CEO, MongoDB (MongoDB Photo)
"Whenever a new open-source project becomes popular, cloud providers strip mine the technology, put the freeware on their platform, capture most if not all of the value but give little back to the community," said Dev Ittycheria, president and CEO of MongoDB, currently valued at $4.3 billion on the Nasdaq. "We think it's important for someone like us to lead and help the next set of open-source companies and projects thrive and grow."
It's not a coincidence that two database companies are leading this charge. Databases are extremely complicated projects to develop and absolutely vital to any enterprise company operating at scale.
Ittycheria estimated that MongoDB had spent $150 million on research and development over the years to create and maintain the open-source version of the database. In its last fiscal year, MongoDB recorded $154.5 million from its commercial software and support services.
"Our view is that open-source software was never intended for cloud infrastructure companies to take and sell," wrote Salil Deshpande, managing director of Bain Capital Ventures, in a post on Techcrunch after Redis announced its decision. Deshpande is an investor in Redis Labs and whose efforts to organize open-source companies and develop the Commons Clause license we previewed in March.
As open-source software became such an important part of the enterprise software world, it was probably inevitable that commercial interests would start to influence its direction more and more. The questions now are, what does it mean to be open source? And what do companies that generate revenue from offering services around open-source projects they did not develop owe to the creators and maintainers of those projects?
Open and shut
When considering the first question, it's important to note that Redis' Commons Clause license is decidedly not an open-source license, which everyone involved readily admits. Redis remains an open-source project under the widely used BSD license, but the company now applies the Commons Clause license to extensions it develops around that project.
With MongoDB, it's a little different. Because the SSPL license stipulates that more open-source software should be the result when cloud providers offer an open-source project as a service, the company argues that this is consistent with the ethos of open source.
Everyone wants more open source, but someone's got to fund it.
"Everyone wants more open source, but someone's got to fund it. And to fund it you need to make sure you have a commercial existence," Ittycheria said.
Adam Jacob, co-founder and CTO of Seattle's Chef, which maintains a trio of open-source projects designed to make infrastructure and application management easier, was skeptical that this is the right direction for the future of open-source projects, developers, and companies.
"I don't think it's a community-based movement, for sure it's not a movement in the way open source was a movement or that free software was a movement," Jacob said. "It's not like there's a third-leg movement that's like, 'you know what we need is stronger commercial protections for businesses.'"
Adam Jacob, co-founder and CTO, Chef (Chef Photo)
After all, when they were getting off the ground and raising money companies like Redis and MongoDB were quite happy to take advantage of the friendly and open-minded nature of the open-source community to spread the word about their creations, he said.
"The more interesting thing hiding inside here is that, from an open-source business model point of view, the open-source part of what they were doing was always a component of distribution for their business model. It was more about developer reach," Jacob said, the primary goal being to create a "funnel strategy" that would draw in users with a free version and upsell them on the commercial version.
Yet for a lot of small companies, participating in open-source communities and maintaining projects is the only way to compete against the more established players. One of the hardest things to do as a young unproven enterprise software company is to convince other companies they need to pay for your product.
"Open source offers a lot of opportunity, particularly for startup companies," Kearns said. But at some point, that early strategic decision can become an albatross, she said; another really hard thing to do is to convince someone that what they once enjoyed for free now comes with a price.
Clouds on the horizon
This perhaps gets to the crux of the debate: is there still value in developing software out in the open as a community process that everyone can use, even if the days of the hobbyist open-source developer are long gone and cloud providers can take advantage of that work without having to contribute anything back?
Jacob thinks so.
"My belief is that what we have done wrong, we actually stopped trusting the commons and the value of free software as a necessity for building better communities because we decided very early on that the business and the community were two separate things," he said.
Open source offers a lot of opportunity, particularly for startup companies.
Redis and MongoDB believe they aren't throwing their open-source communities under the bus. They argue they have no choice but to find new ways to financially support the work of their developers, who are absolutely essential to the health of those communities, even if some of that work remains proprietary or comes with strings attached.
The big three cloud providers are keeping quiet on these issues for now, declining to make executives available to discuss this shift in open-source licensing. Google has evangelized the value of open-source since its earliest days, while Microsoft and AWS have taken different paths to this new world.
After years as Public Enemy #1, Microsoft has embraced open-source software, hiring developers with strong open-source experience and making some key contributions back to several communities. AWS has been slower to work closely with the open-source community, but has changed its tune over the last few years, bringing on open-source veterans like James Gosling and Adrian Cockcroft to shift its thinking about community contributions.
If more companies switch to this more aggressive style of licensing, it could force a shift in product-development strategies at cloud providers as they assess which services are worth striking commercial deals over, and which are not. For now, there are still lots of startups launching companies and projects around traditional open-source licenses, which means the industry is waiting to see how the market reacts to Redis and MongoDB's moves.
But cloud computing has changed nearly all of the assumptions around how modern businesses should build and manage the technology they need to compete in the 21st century. It wouldn't be too surprising if cloud computing changed some of the assumptions behind open-source software development.
Tom Krazit, GeekWire's Cloud & Enterprise Editor, covered technology for news organizations including IDG, CNET, and paidContent before serving as executive editor of Gigaom and the Structure conference series. Reach him at tom@geekwire.com and follow him @tomkrazit.
Uber launches dockless bikeshare in Seattle, rolling out hundreds of red JUMP electric bicycles
GM's Cruise Automation self-driving car venture plans Seattle office with up to 200 engineers
Filed Under: Cloud Tech Tagged With: Abby Kearns • Adam Jacob • Amazon Web Services • Chef • Commons Clause • Dev Ittycheria • Google Cloud • Microsoft Azure • MongoDB • Ofer Bengal • open-source software • Redis Labs
With its Elasticsearch distribution, Amazon Web Services sends more shockwaves through open-source software
Google Cloud makes a big open-source move: Managed databases from Redis Labs, MongoDB, and Elastic coming soon
Concerned about cloud providers, Confluent becomes latest open-source company to set new restrictions on usage
Another open-source database company will tighten its licensing strategy, wary of Amazon Web Services


talking about books . . .
October 5, 2015 – I'm honoured to be hosting Elizabeth Philips, the author of The Afterlife of Birds, and Dianne Warren (Cool Water, Liberty Street) for an evening of readings and conversation at McNally Robinsons, Grant Park Winnipeg. 7 PM. More about these authors and their books here.
September 26, 3:30. Kingston WritersFest – I'm thrilled to be part of an exciting panel chaired by Jared Bland: Reading Women: Books and Biscotti. Reading and talking with Marina Endicott, Caroline Adderson, Anakana Scofield. The books are real, but is the biscotti? No one's saying.
September 27, 2015 – I'm gearing up for teaching a Writers Studio at the Kingston WritersFest, a workshop on "pace." How important is forward movement in a character-driven novel, and how do we avoid a sense of stasis in novels that value language, emotion, and psychological truth more than external action? Still a few spots open for this workshop. You can register here.
9 September 2015 — 8 PM in the Doris Crowston Gallery, Sechelt BC.
I'm so looking forward to talking about The Opening Sky at a reading in the Sunshine Coast Arts Centre in early fall. What a treat to have a chance to visit that beautiful part of the world again, and to re-connect with the wonderful people I met at the Sunshine Coast Festival in 2010.


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text:
PTAB Trial Blog
A Drinker Biddle Patent Blog
Denying Motion to Dismiss Petition as Time-Barred and Failing to Identify All Real Parties-in-Interest IPR2014-00251, IPR2014-00255-66
Takeaway: Whether a petition is time-barred under 35 U.S.C. § 315(b) or fails to identify all real parties-in-interest under 35 U.S.C. § 312(a)(2) are fact-dependent inquiries that may or may not be dispositive of a case depending on the circumstances.
In its Decision, the Board addressed issues of service under 35 U.S.C. § 315(b) and real party-in-interest under 35 U.S.C. § 312(a)(2) within the context of a complex fact pattern involving eighteen separate petitions for inter partes review. This Decision focuses on thirteen of the proceedings resulting from these eighteen petitions.
35 U.S.C. § 315(b) provides in pertinent part that "[a]n inter partes review may not be instituted if the petition requesting the proceeding is filed more than one year after the date on which the petitioner . . . is served with a complaint alleging infringement of the patent." Further authority indicates that the one-year period at issue is triggered when a party is served with both a summons and complaint. In the present case, Patent Owner asserted in its Preliminary Response for twelve of the proceedings that the petition in each of these twelve proceedings was time-barred under 35 U.S.C. § 315(b).
In this regard, Patent Owner had filed a complaint against Petitioner in the U.S. District for the Western District of Michigan on June 20, 2012. After discussions with Petitioner, Patent Owner filed an amended complaint against Petitioner on July 18, 2012. There was no dispute that Patent Owner's actions in connection with the June 20, 2012 complaint did not constitute service. At issue was whether the amended complaint was ever served and, if so, whether such service was completed prior to December 17, 2012 (which is one year before the December 17, 2013 petition date for each of the twelve proceedings alleged to be time-barred).
In a December 6, 2012 email communication from Patent Owner's counsel Mr. Terence Linn to Petitioner's in-house counsel Mr. Stefan Chmielewski and Mr. Jeff Cooper, Mr. Linn indicated that pursuant to the parties' agreement, he would serve the amended complaint on all defendants on December 17, 2012 by overnight Federal Express mail and that he would also provide copies to Petitioner's in-house counsel via email. Mr. Linn then sent an email communication to Messrs. Chmielewski and Cooper on Friday, December 14, 2012, including Summons, Amendment Complaint, and Exhibit attachments, and indicating that per the agreement, he was attaching an email copy of the Service of Process on Petitioner that was being sent on that day via Federal Express. On the next business day, Monday, December 17, 2012, Mr. Linn filed the summons, including an executed proof of service, along with an attached email tracking update from Federal Express. The proof of service included a declaration by Mr. Linn that he had served the summons on Mr. Chmielewski "by agreement" on December 14, 2012.
Neither Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 4 (which governs service of a summons), nor Michigan law, expressly authorizes service of a summons by email or by Federal Express. Nonetheless, Patent Owner asserted that email and Federal Express service was permissible in this case based on agreement between the parties. The Board said that even if this were the case, the parties' agreement, as evidenced by the December 6, 2012 email, for example, was for service by email and Federal Express on December 17, 2012, not December 14, 2012. Thus, the Board was not persuaded that the actions by counsel for Patent Owner on December 14, 2012, constituted service of the summons and the amended complaint, which in turn led the Board to conclude that the twelve petitions were not time-barred under 35 U.S.C. § 315(b), "because the amended complaint was not served more than one year before the petitions in the instant proceedings were filed on December 17, 2013."
35 U.S.C. § 312(a)(2) provides in pertinent part that a petition for inter partes review can only be considered if it "identifies all real parties-in-interest." Factors as to whether a party is a real party-in-interest include whether a non-party exercises control over a petitioner's participation in a proceeding or is funding or directing the proceeding. In the instant case, Patent Owner asserted in its Preliminary Response for thirteen of the proceedings that inter partes review should not be instituted because Petitioner failed to accurately identify all real parties-in-interest.
In particular, in each of the thirteen petitions at issue, Petitioner certified that "TRW Automotive US is the real party-in-interest" and also indicated that there are two other defendants in the district court action, TRW Automotive Holdings Corp. and TRW Vehicle Safety Systems Inc., which are both corporations related to Petitioner. Patent Owner, in its Preliminary Response, asserted that although the petitions identify TRW Automotive US is the real party-in-interest, the petitions also confusingly identify TRW Automotive Holdings Corp. and TRW Vehicle Safety Systems Inc. as corporate entities related to Petitioner without specifying the nature of the relationship. According to Patent Owner, such "contradictory statements call into question the true identities of the real parties in interest" and "unnecessarily [confuse] the Board by identifying only a single real party in interest when it appears likely that multiple interrelated parties may have had a hand in TRW's petition[s]."
Taking all of these factors into account, the Board found that Patent Owner did not provide sufficient factual basis to support a conclusion that TRW Automotive Holdings Corp. and TRW Vehicle Safety Systems Inc. should have been identified as real parties in interest. The Board also found that by identifying TRW Automotive Holdings Corp. and TRW Vehicle Safety Systems Inc. as being related to Petitioner did not contradict Petitioner's certification that TRW Automotive US was the real party-in-interest. Thus, the Board concluded that Patent Owner had failed to sufficiently demonstrate that Petitioner had not named all real parties-in-interest for the thirteen proceedings at issue.
In sum, the Board did not find any of the twelve petitions to have been time-barred under 35 U.S.C. § 315(b), and did not deny any of the thirteen petitions as failing to identify all real parties-in-interest in accordance with 35 U.S.C. § 312(a)(2). Thus, the Board will now address whether to institute inter partes review in each of these proceedings in separate decisions to follow.
TRW Automotive US LLC v. Magna Electronics, Inc., IPR2014-00251; IPR2014-00255; IPR2014-00256; IPR2014-00257; IPR2014-00258; IPR2014-00259; IPR2014-00260; IPR2014-00261; IPR2014-00262; IPR2014-0263; IPR2014-00264; IPR2014-00265; IPR2014-00266
Paper 13, IPR2014-00251; Paper 16, IPR2014-00255; Paper 15, IPR2014-0026; Paper 15, IPR2014-00257; Paper 15, IPR2014-00258; Paper 18, IPR2014-00259; Paper 14, IPR2014-00260; Paper 18, IPR2014-00261; Paper 14, IPR2014-00262; Paper 14, IPR2014-00263; Paper 14, IPR2014-00264; Paper 14, IPR2014-00265; Paper 16, IPR2014-00266
Decision Dated: May 30, 2014
Patents 6,097,023; 7,423,248; 7,459,664; 8,203,440; 7,994,462; 7,344,261; 7,459,664; 7,339,149; 7,655,894; 8,222,588; 7,459,664; 8,222,588; 7,994,462
Before: Justin T. Arbes, Benjamin D. M. Wood, Patrick R. Scanlon, Neil T. Powell, Barry L. Grossman, Bart A. Gerstenblith, Beverly M. Bunting, Jo-Anne M. Kokoski, and Frances L. Ippolito
Written by: Gerstenblith
This entry was posted in Bar by Civil Action, Motion to Dismiss, Real Parties-in-Interest by . Bookmark the permalink.
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We process between 500 lbs to 1.5 tons of brass a month, most of it being pistol or 223 brass, but we also pickup a small quantity of other, off the wall brass like 22 Swift, 25 ACP, etc. So if you are looking for brass, drop us a note or give us a call and we'll see if we have what you need.
And on that note, if you have any brass you no longer need that is in pretty good shape, we pay cash or will trade for it.


Homeowners Beth and Colin are expecting their first child and they need a nursery to be baby-ready. Their current home needs work in order to become the home they want to raise their family in. Designer Hilary tries to make their home perfect for their growing family, while realtor David tries to show them homes that will be ready before the baby arrives. In the end, they will have to decide if they want to love the renovations made to their home, or list it.


A LEADING software company has warned that organisations must be better prepared for a "cyber Pearl Harbor" following several recent high-profile attacks.
Ideagen, the Nottingham-based software company specialising in corporate governance and risk management, said that businesses worldwide – including the UK government – had to take seriously the threat posed by malware to avoid the potential for a catastrophic attack.
On Tuesday, the importance of cyber security was once again brought home when organisations across the world including the Ukrainian central bank, Russian oil giant Rosneft, British advertising firm WPP and US law firm DLA Piper were affected in the latest cyber breach. At least one hospital in the US city of Pittsburgh was also caught up in the incident.
In May, the UK's NHS was severely affected in an attack which compromised the infrastructure of the health service via a Ransomware assault known as Wannacry. In that instance, computers across the NHS network was blocked with a ransom of £300 required to retrieve critical health data.
Now, as IT and internet infrastructure continues evolve across the globe, a spokesperson from Ideagen has said organisations must be better prepared for a "much more serious" attack.
Gordon McKeown, a risk management expert at Ideagen, which provides risk management software to some of the largest organisations in the world, said: "In recent years there has been a barrage of high profile data security failures around the world with some drastic consequences for businesses and governing bodies.
"Although data breaches and ransom demands are serious, something much worse is possible. It isn't about hacking – hacking is small beer compared to the potential threat from malware. When the world is becoming more and more connected, the likelihood of an incident occurring on a much larger scale significantly increases.
When everything is connected to everything, do you need to physically hijack an aircraft to damage it? Do you need to plant a bomb on a gas pipeline to cause an explosion? Would you need to physically break into an electricity substation to disrupt the power supply and cause a blackout? No, you could do these things using malware."
"As the former CIA Director, Leon Panetta, is quoted as saying to US Congress in 2011, 'The potential for the next Pearl Harbor could very well be a cyber-attack'.
Mr McKeown, who has twenty-five years' experience in the software industry, cited the trend increase concerning high profile cyber-attacks and data security failures in recent years.
The Stuxnet worm is an example of that weapon, which spread widely via USB sticks in the Middle East in 2009. Stuxnet was malicious code that entered the industrial control system (ICS) to carefully change settings and damage connected machinery – specific machinery such as centrifuges used to enrich Uranium.
According to Kaspersky Labs' Threat Landscape for Industrial Automation Systems 2016, a quarter of all cyber-attacks reported to their Internet security service were aimed at industrial computers such as PLCs and one industrial computer in five is attacked each month.
The example of Stuxnet – which to date remains the only malware designed to physically destroy machinery – establishes the model for a cyber Pearl Harbor, says Mr McKeown.
He added: "Even the most critical infrastructure has many potential attack vectors over which the owners and operators may have partial or very little control. The answer to this vulnerability is extension of the scope of enterprise risk management to supply chain and digital risk.
"If any organisation owns critical infrastructure or plant or equipment where deliberate sabotage would have Financial, Infrastructural, Reputational, Market or Safety (FIRMS) consequences, they need to seriously question how they proactively manage the risk of sabotage via malware?"


This was one of the dishes I made when I had my great idea to cook a gourmet type meal for Kevin the other night. I have been making so many pasta dishes, soups, and Mexican food, I figured some red meat and fancy sides would put a smile on his face. Well I didn't count on the smile being one that came from watching me run like a chicken with my head cut off in the kitchen trying to get everything done at once. That smile is not a fun smile for me.
Not that he complains, well OK he does complain but I know it is just to stir me up and make me crazy, but I do know his true love, aside from me I hope, is steak. A nice big ribeye steak preferably, cooked just enough to get it to lay still on the plate. We do both share a love for rare meat. I used to tell waitresses I wanted my steak cooked just long enough that a good vet could get it back on it's feet in a few minutes!
Sorry to gross anyone out that doesn't like their meat that way. I will go back to the meal. Ribeye is too pricey to eat all of the time, so I have been trying to find steaks that he will enjoy without saying they are too chewy. Hangar steak is one of them but they are too hard to find. So flat iron steak is another way to go. Especially when it is cooked medium rare it is very tender and not chewy at all. I am really not much of a red meat lover anymore but this is one of those steaks I do enjoy.
One thing we do both agree on is that asparagus is one of our favorite veggies. Normally I just steam it and then toss it in a hot skillet with a bit of olive oil, or sesame oil, and salt and pepper. Simple and tasty. But again I was trying to be "gourmet" so I decided to do a sabayone, and of course you have to have bacon right? I was very nervous about trying a sauce I had never made before but determined to make it.
I am so glad you like it Claire!!
Bobbi, I just love this awesome platter of Asparagus with Bacon Sabayone. This is a lovely presentation! Thank you so much for celebrating TWO YEARS with FULL PLATE THURSDAY, I appreciate your visit!
this looks so yummy! I love asparagus!


text:
Glenn Cockerham
Clinical Professor (Affiliated) [Vapahcs], Ophthalmology
Staff, Ophthalmology Clinic and Education
Fellowship: Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Ophthalmic Training (1997) MA
Fellowship: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (1996) DC
Board Certification: American Board of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmology (1991)
Residency: Walter Reed Army Medical Center (1990) DC
Internship: Malcolm Grow Medical Clinic (1980) MD
Medical Education: University of Mississippi (1979) MS
Clinical VA Palo Alto Health Care System Dept of Ophthalmology 3801 Miranda Ave Palo Alto, CA 94304
Directed Reading in Pathology
PATH 299 (Win, Spr)
Early Clinical Experience in Pathology
Comparing cataract surgery complication rates in veterans receiving VA and community care. Health services research Rosen, A. K., Vanneman, M. E., O'Brien, W. J., Pershing, S., Wagner, T. H., Beilstein-Wedel, E., Lo, J., Chen, Q., Cockerham, G. C., Shwartz, M. 2020
OBJECTIVES: To compare 90-day postoperative complication rates between Veterans receiving cataract surgery in VA vs Community Care (CC) during the first year of implementation of the Veterans Choice Act.DATA SOURCES: Fiscal Year (FY) 2015 VA and CC outpatient data from VA's Corporate Data Warehouse (CDW) 10/01/14-9/30/15). FY14 data were used to obtain baseline clinical information prior to surgery.STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective one-year study using secondary data to compare 90-day complication rates following cataract surgery (measured using National Quality Forum (NQF) criteria) in VA vs CC. NQF defines major complications from a specified list of Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes. We ran a series of logistic regression models to predict 90-day complication rates, adjusting for Veterans' sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities, preoperative ocular conditions, eye risk group, and type of cataract surgery (classified as routine vs complex).DATA COLLECTION: We linked VA and CC users through patient identifiers obtained from the CDW files. Our sample included all enrolled Veterans who received outpatient cataract surgery either in the VA or through CC during FY15. Cataract surgeries were identified through CPT codes 66984 (routine) and 66982 (complex).PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Of the 83,879 cataract surgeries performed in FY15, 31 percent occurred through CC. Undergoing complex surgery and having a high-risk eye (based on preoperative ocular conditions) were the strongest clinical predictors of 90-day postoperative complications. Overall, we found low complication rates, ranging from 1.1 percent in low-risk eyes to 3.6 percent in high-risk eyes. After adjustment for important confounders (eg, race, rurality, and preoperative ocular conditions), there were no statistically significant differences in 90-day complication rates between Veterans receiving cataract surgery in VA vs CC.CONCLUSIONS: As more Veterans seek care through CC, future studies should continue to monitor quality of care across the two care settings to help inform VA's "make vs buy decisions."
View details for DOI 10.1111/1475-6773.13320
A Survey of Glaucoma Surgery Practice Patterns in the Veterans Health Administration. Military medicine Olivieri, D. J., Lynch, M. G., Cockerham, G. C., Greenberg, P. B. 2020
Glaucoma surgical practice patterns are not well described in the United States (US). This study aims to evaluate the indications for and potential barriers to glaucoma surgery in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA).An anonymous 10-question survey using REDCap (Nashville, TN) software was sent by mail (with web link) and email to ophthalmology chiefs at the 86 academically affiliated Veterans Affairs Medical Centers (VAMCs). Academic-affiliated VAMCs were selected because of their patient range and role in ophthalmic education. Non-responders received two reminder e-mails and two phone calls; the survey was closed after 6 weeks. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.The response rate was 45% (39/86). Most respondents (92%) worked in an integrated eye clinic with both ophthalmology and optometry services. Almost half of the respondents (49%; 19/39) believed that laser trabeculoplasty (LTP) was an option for initial glaucoma therapy. Noncompliance was a commonly reported indication for LTP (95%), tube shunt procedures (65%), micro-invasive glaucoma surgery (59%), and trabeculectomy (48.7%). One third of the respondents believed that there were delays in glaucoma care. The respondents noted that significant barriers in access to surgery included lack of transportation (69%), scheduling challenges (62%), and delayed referral (62%).This survey of glaucoma surgery practice patterns highlights the growing role of LTP and suggests that non-compliance and access remain significant barriers to glaucoma surgical care within the VHA.
View details for DOI 10.1093/milmed/usaa033
Cataract surgery practices in the United States Veterans Health Administration Havnaer, A. G., Greenberg, P. B., Cockerham, G. C., Clark, M. A., Chomsky, A. ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC. 2017
Emerging Cataract Surgery Practice Patterns in the Veterans Health Administration. Federal practitioner : for the health care professionals of the VA, DoD, and PHS Greenberg, P. B., Thakore, R. V., Cockerham, G. C., Clark, M. A. 2016; 33 (9): 10?13
A survey finds low rates for femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery, intracameral antibiotics, and immediate sequential bilateral cataract surgery in cataract surgery practice.
Automated Perimetry and Visual Dysfunction in Blast-Related Traumatic Brain Injury OPHTHALMOLOGY Lemke, S., Cockerham, G. C., Glynn-Milley, C., Lin, R., Cockerham, K. P. 2016; 123 (2): 415-424
To evaluate feasibility and results of automated perimetry in veterans with combat blast neurotrauma.Prospective, longitudinal, observational case series.Sixty-one patients in a Veterans Affairs Polytrauma Center diagnosed with traumatic brain injury (TBI) from combat blast exposure.Study participants underwent automated perimetry at baseline (median interval, 2 months after injury) (Humphrey Field Analyzer, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA, Swedish Interactive Threshold Algorithm 30-2 Standard or Fast), and 36 of them were followed up (median interval, 10 months after baseline). Presence of significant mean deviation and pattern standard deviation was determined for testing with reliability indices ?20% for fixation loss, 15% for false-positives, and 33% for false-negatives. Test-retest stability of global visual field indices was assessed for tests with these cutoffs or with elevated fixation loss. Associations between global visual field defects and predictors were examined.Global visual field indices (mean deviation and pattern standard deviation).Among 61 study participants (109 study eyes) with baseline testing, a field that met reliability cutoffs was obtained for 48 participants (79%) and 78 eyes (72%). Fixation loss was found in 29% of eyes in initial testing. Nine study participants (15%) demonstrated hemianopia or quadrantanopia, and an additional 36% had an abnormal global visual field index. Global indices were relatively stable at follow-up testing for tests meeting fixation-loss cutoffs and tests that did not. Visual scotomas due to post-chiasmal lesions were associated with moderate to severe TBI or penetrating head injury, but other visual field deficits were prevalent across the range of mild to severe TBI. Ocular injury to the retina or choroid, poorer visual acuity, and pupillary defect were associated with visual field defects. Participants with depressed visual field sensitivity reported lower visual quality of life.Reliable automated perimetry can be accomplished in most patients with TBI from combat blast exposure and reveals high rates of visual field deficits, indicating that blast forces may significantly affect the eye and visual pathways.
View details for DOI 10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.10.003
Closed-Globe Injuries of the Ocular Surface Associated with Combat Blast Exposure OPHTHALMOLOGY Cockerham, G. C., Lemke, S., Rice, T. A., Wang, G., Glynn-Milley, C., Zumhagen, L., Cockerham, K. P. 2014; 121 (11): 2165-2172
To describe closed-globe conjunctival and corneal injuries and endothelial cell abnormalities associated with blast exposure and their relationships to other closed-globe injuries and blast-event characteristics.Observational cross-sectional study.Veterans with a history of blast-related traumatic brain injury (TBI).History and ocular examination, including slit-lamp biomicroscopy, gonioscopy, specular microscopy.Type and location of blast injuries to the conjunctiva and cornea.Ocular surface injuries were present in 25% (16 of 65) of blast-exposed veterans with TBI. Injuries included partial-thickness anterior stromal corneal scars (15 eyes), Descemet membrane ruptures (6 eyes), and conjunctival or corneal foreign bodies (7 eyes). Based on normative information from an age-matched comparison group, endothelial cell abnormalities were identified in 37% of participants. Eyes with ocular surface injury were more likely to have lower endothelial cell density, higher coefficient of variation of cell area, and lower percentage of hexagonal cells compared with eyes without injury. Presence of ocular surface injury or endothelial cell abnormalities was associated with elevated rates of other anterior and posterior segment injuries, as well as impairment of visual acuity. We found no relationship between ballistic eyewear use or severity level of TBI and presence of ocular surface injuries from blast.Independent of TBI severity or use of protective eyewear, ocular surface injuries and endothelial cell abnormalities were found in significant numbers of veterans with blast-related brain injury. Descemet membrane ruptures from blast exposure were described. Ocular surface trauma was associated with other ocular injuries throughout the globe. Potential mechanisms for the types and locations of ocular injuries seen were discussed. Any corneal or conjunctival injury in a blast survivor should prompt a thorough ocular trauma examination, including gonioscopy and specular microscopy, with appropriate follow-up for associated injuries. Longitudinal studies are required to determine long-term visual outcomes after blast exposure.
Afferent visual function in Veterans after combat blast. Cockerham, G., Lemke, S., Glynn-Milley, C., Cockerham, K. ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC. 2014
Visual Quality of Life in Veterans With Blast-Induced Traumatic Brain Injury JAMA OPHTHALMOLOGY Lemke, S., Cockerham, G. C., Glynn-Milley, C., Cockerham, K. P. 2013; 131 (12): 1602-1609
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an important cause of morbidity worldwide, with increasing awareness of the role of blast exposure in military and civilian casualties. Visual problems have been reported in TBI and may affect functioning and quality of life.To evaluate the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire and Neuro-Ophthalmic Supplement for utility in assessing the effect of blast exposure on perceived visual functioning among veterans with TBI.Observational cohort study from a tertiary care Veterans Health Administration hospital. Reported visual quality of life was compared with existing norms, and relationships between perceived visual quality and ocular injury, diplopia, visual performance, and blast exposure characteristics were examined. Participants included inpatients with blast-induced TBI who underwent baseline examination between December 7, 2006, and January 11, 2012, at a multiple-trauma rehabilitation center and who had at least 1 intact eye and were able to undergo psychometric testing and ocular examination. Among 64 sequentially eligible patients, 60 completed visual quality testing, 1 declined study participation, and 3 were evaluated prior to inclusion of visual quality testing in the protocol. Thirty-nine patients returned for outpatient follow-up, with a median test-retest interval of 11 months.Combat blast exposure with documented TBI.Composite and subscale scores on the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire and Neuro-Ophthalmic Supplement.Both tests had high test-retest reliability. Blast-exposed veterans reported significantly poorer visual quality compared with healthy samples and some patient samples with known eye disease. Scores tended to be worse for participants with identified visual performance deficits (poorer visual acuity or spatial contrast sensitivity, visual field depression or defects). Scores were not related to the extent of ocular injury or to blast exposure characteristics such as use of protective eyewear or TBI severity level.Individuals with blast-induced TBI reliably completed both tests and reported significant decrements in their subjective visual experiences. Measures of subjective visual quality may be useful to identify patients needing additional visual or neurologic evaluation and to monitor the effect of visual rehabilitation on patients with blast-related visual disabilities.
View details for DOI 10.1001/jamaophthalmo1.2013.5028
Visual Performance and the Ocular Surface in Traumatic Brain Injury OCULAR SURFACE Cockerham, G. C., Lemke, S., Glynn-Milley, C., Zumhagen, L., Cockerham, K. P. 2013; 11 (1): 25-34
The pathophysiology of neurotrauma is reviewed and an original study investigating the prevalence of dry eye disease in a sample of veterans with traumatic brain injury (TBI) is presented. Fifty-three veterans with TBI were evaluated by history of injury, past ocular history, and medication use. Ocular Disease Surface Index (OSDI), ocular examination, cranial nerve evaluation, tear osmolarity, tear film break-up time (TFBUT), ocular surface staining and tear production testing were performed. A matched comparison group underwent similar testing. TBI causes were blast (44) or non-blast (9). TBI subjects scored significantly worse on the OSDI (P<.001), and ocular surface staining by Oxford scale (P<.001) than non-TBI subjects. Scores for tear film breakup (P=.6), basal tear production less than 3 mm (P=.13), and tear osmolarity greater than 314 mOsm/L (P=.15) were all higher in TBI subjects; significantly more TBI subjects had at least one abnormal dry eye measure than comparisons (P<.001). The OSDI related to presence of dry eye symptoms (P<.01). These effects were present in both blast and non-blast TBI. Seventy percent of TBI subjects were taking at least one medication in the following classes: antidepressant, atypical antipsychotic, anticonvulsant, or h1-antihistamine. There was no association between any medication class and the OSDI or dry eye measures. Reduced corneal sensation in 21 TBI subjects was not associated with OSDI, tear production, or TFBUT, but did correlate with reduced tear osmolarity (P=.05). History of refractive surgery, previous contact lens wear, facial nerve weakness, or meibomian gland dysfunction was not associated with DED. In summary, we found a higher prevalence of DED in subjects with TBI, both subjectively and objectively. This effect is unrelated to medication use, and it may persist for months to years. We recommend that patients with TBI from any cause be evaluated for DED using a battery of standard testing methods described in a protocol presented in this article. Further research into the pathophysiology and outcomes of DED in neurotrauma is needed.
Abiotrophia defectiva causing infectious crystalline keratopathy and corneal ulcer after penetrating keratoplasty: a case report. Journal of ophthalmic inflammation and infection Paulus, Y. M., Cockerham, G. C. 2013; 3 (1): 20-?
Infectious crystalline keratopathy is commonly caused by Streptococcus viridans and other gram positive organisms. We present the first case of infectious crystalline keratopathy that developed into a corneal ulcer and grew Abiotrophia defectiva which responded well to topical and systemic antimicrobial therapy and did not require re-grafting. A 78-year-old man underwent penetrating keratoplasty for pseudophakic bullous keratopathy. He presented 1.5?years later with infectious crystalline keratopathy which progressed to a corneal ulcer. The patient received topical fortified vancomycin and moxifloxacin, as well as oral moxifloxacin.The corneal ulcer base was cultured and grew A. defectiva, or nutritionally deficient streptococcus. Complete resolution of the corneal infiltrates was obtained within three?months.Nutritionally deficient streptococcus has been implicated in numerous human diseases, including endocarditis, and is increasingly being recognized as an important pathogen. This represents the second reported case of A. defectiva causing infectious crystalline keratopathy in humans and the first case of A. defectiva successfully treated with antibiotics. This case shows that aggressive antibiotic therapy can be effective in A. defectiva-associated infectious crystalline keratopathy.
Eye and visual function in traumatic brain injury JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Cockerham, G. C., Goodrich, G. L., Weichel, L. T., Orcutt, J. C., Rizzo, J. F., Bower, C. O., Schuchard, R. A. 2009; 46 (6): 811-818
Combat blast is an important cause of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the Department of Veterans Affairs polytrauma population, whereas common causes of TBI in the civilian sector include motor vehicle accidents and falls. Known visual consequences of civilian TBI include compromised visual acuity, visual fields, and oculomotor function. The visual consequences of TBI related to blast remain largely unknown. Blast injury may include open globe (eye) injury, which is usually detected and managed early in the rehabilitation journey. The incidence, locations, and types of ocular damage in eyes without open globe injury after exposure to powerful blast have not been systematically studied. Initial reports and preliminary data suggest that binocular function, visual fields, and other aspects of visual function may be impaired after blast-related TBI, despite relatively normal visual acuity. Damage to the ocular tissues may occur from blunt trauma without rupture or penetration (closed globe injury). Possible areas for research are development of common taxonomy and assessment tools across services, surgical management, and outcomes for blast-related eye injury; the incidence, locations, and natural history of closed globe injury; binocular and visual function impairment; quality of life in affected service members; pharmacological and visual therapies; and practice patterns for screening, management, and rehabilitation.
View details for DOI 10.1682/JRRD.2008.08.0109
Prospective comparison of topical moxifloxacin in eliminating conjunctival bacterial flora following a one-day or one-hour application Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology Ta, C. N., Chan, I., Dhatt, H. S., Paterno, J., Fisher, E., Singh, K., Montague, A., Egbert, P. R., Cockerham, G., de Kaspar, H. M. MARY ANN LIEBERT INC. 2008: 427?31
The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of a 1-hour(h) versus 1-day application of topical moxifloxacin in eliminating conjunctival bacterial flora.In this prospective, nonrandomized, controlled trial, the surgical eyes of 60 patients scheduled for intraocular surgery received topical moxifloxacin four times a day, starting 1 day prior to surgery and three additional applications at 5-minute intervals 1 h before surgery. The nonsurgical eye of each patient only received three applications of the same antibiotic at 5-minute intervals 1 h before surgery. Conjunctival cultures were obtained at baseline and after antibiotic application.Prior to antibiotic application, 80% of surgical eyes and 70% of nonsurgical eyes had positive cultures. Following the 1-day application, significantly fewer eyes (40%) had positive cultures (P < 0.0001), with a further reduction to 32% with three additional doses 1 h prior to surgery. In the nonsurgical eye, the decrease in the percentage of positive cultures, from 55% to 53% following the three applications 1 h prior to surgery, was not significant (P > 0.9999). The 1-day application was associated with significantly fewer positive cultures, compared to the 1-h group (P = 0.0267).The one-day application of moxifloxacin resulted in significantly fewer positive conjunctival cultures, compared with a 1-h application.
View details for DOI 10.1089/jop.2008.0018
Visual function in patients of a polytrauma rehabilitation center: A descriptive study JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Goodrich, G. L., Kirby, J., Cockerham, G., Ingalla, S. P., Lew, H. L. 2007; 44 (7): 929-936
Little is known about the visual function deficits associated with polytrauma injury. In this retrospective descriptive study, we examined the records of a clinic established to assess visual function in patients experiencing deployment-related polytrauma. We describe the clinical findings and present a vision examination protocol that may be useful for screening polytrauma patients in other settings. Data from our sample suggested that self-reported vision complaints were common (74%) and confirmed that visual impairment occurred in 38% of all cases. When examining the mechanism of injury, we found that polytrauma due to blast injuries appeared to more than double the risk of visual impairment compared with all other polytrauma causes (i.e., motor vehicle accidents, gunshot and/or shrapnel, assault, falls, or anoxia). The rate of visual impairment in blast-related injury was 52% compared with 20% for all other sources of injury. Visual complaints and impairments were common in the polytrauma patients studied. This finding suggests that comprehensive eye examinations should be routinely administered, particularly when the mechanism of injury involves a blast.
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text:
Te Puna make statement with big win
New law could help budget service clients
Rotorua rubbish full of plastic, people urged to act with 'nature in mind'
Single-use plastic bags were banned on July 1. Photo / File
By: Carmen Hall
Carmen is a senior reporter at the Bay of Plenty Times
carmen.hall@nzme.co.nz @ Bay_Times
Single-use plastic shopping bags are now banned but more than one-third of household rubbish collected in the city is plastic despite the Government's latest crackdown.
Figures from Rotorua Lakes Council show plastic accounts for 38 per cent of household waste while 30 per cent of household recycling was plastic. The data was a snapshot over a one-week period in May last year but businesses said attitudes were changing as environmental issues came to the forefront.
A council spokeswoman said it had a sustainability resource educator whose role was to "support the community to find ways to be kinder to the environment and reduce waste".
''Part of this has involved running a series of workshops on worm farms and bokashi, educating people about different home composting options.''
Meanwhile, workshops to make beeswax wraps had also been popular with good attendance and positive feedback.
The council has a role to play in educating the community to reduce waste and it was ongoing, she said.
Other initiatives included providing re-usable shopping bags to new citizens, working with market stallholders to reduce their use of plastic while council staff were also encouraged to do so.
This year the council has sold 15,928 plastic council rubbish bags compared with 45,398 bags in 2018 and 21,454 in 2017.
Lake Rd Fruit Monster manager Deep Singh said it had only made the transition away from plastic bags recently but at least half its customers in the past six months were bringing their own bags.
He supported the move and said the shop stocked brown paper bags.
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However, Shirley Braun from Sustain Vegetarian Takeaways said when she started two years ago being plastic-free was a major focus.
Shirley Braun from the Sustain Vegetarian Cafe only uses containers and cutlery that can be composted. Photo / Stephen Parker
She uses packaging and containers including cutlery which was compostable - a concept that fits with her own philosophies.
"I decided I owed it to the environment really. The whole thing about Sustain is eating well with healthy options and making sure the packaging was sustainable as well."
Braun said she used to work for a government department but when the office closed it was time for a career change.
The business was going well and growing, she said.
Foodstuffs has 12 stores in Rotorua including seven Four Squares, one New World, one Pak'nSave and three Liquorlands.
A spokeswoman said it kicked off the plastic bag debate many years ago and had always pushed BYO bags or boxes for Pak'nSave, and charged for bags to drive down usage.
"We have removed 350 million plastic bags from the environment which is a great step forward. Our customers have adjusted really well to the change and we're really thankful for that. Reducing our impact on the environment is a team effort and we all need to pull together to make a difference."
The ban is a first step
Estimates suggest that, over recent times, the average Kiwi had been using 154 single-use plastic shopping bags each year.
That equated to around 750 million bags per year or about 0.01 per cent of the total weight of waste that went into levied landfills - if they didn't end up polluting our environment first.
"Lightweight single-use plastic shopping bags pollute nature because they are easily transported by wind and water," Associate Environment Minister Eugenie Sage said.
"The phase-out encourages people to act with nature in mind."
But while widespread, these bags were only a small subset of all sources of marine plastics.
Plastics currently made up an estimated 80 to 85 per cent of marine litter, and once in our oceans, they eventually broke down into microplastics, which could, in turn, enter the food chain and cause many other problems.
The Government has signalled that the new measures are simply a first step to tackling the larger issue that is the "throwaway culture" of our linear economy and moving to a circular economy where little gets thrown out or wasted.


"Shadow and Starlight: A Feri Devotional" seeks artwork, essays, poetry, prose, rituals, reflections, and additional writings of up to 5000 words which relate to your experiences and practices of Feri Witchcraft. We especially invite submissions from people of color, people with disabilities, veterans, and LGBTQIA+ community members. This Feri Anthology aims to share, promote growth and learning and create connection with each other from others Feri practitioners experiences.
Printed contributors will receive $25, one copy of the book upon completion, biographies listed in the book, have wholesale access to the project, and retain rights to their work. Authors also receive 1 contributor copy.