text:
Drug desensitization and graded challenge dosing
HalaRedwan
Hala J. M. Redwan
Secretary-General - Palestinian Pharmaceutical Students' Federation (PPSF - Palestine).
Training Committee - International Pharmaceutical Students' Federation (IPSF).
University PR - International Medical Research Association (IMedRA).
Faculty of Pharmacy - Al-Azhar University - Gaza, Palestine
What is drug desensitization and what is graded challenge dosing? When is each indicated?
Desensitization (DS) a procedure in which administered as therapeutic tool to induce
temporary drug tolerance by modifying patient immune response to drug, performed to allow the patient to take drug temporarily in a safe fashion, it works by different mechanisms including: IgE immune mechanism, non IgE immune mechanism, pharmacological mechanism and undefined mechanism so we can concluded them
into two methods: Immunological or non-immunological mechanism. DS was developed due to the pressing need to reintroduce drugs in a safe fashion in patients who had developed IgE/non IgE type I Hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) to critical antibiotics and/or other drugs. Also DS is achieved by incrementally escalating the sub-optimal doses of the culprit drug until the required dose is reached, and DS induces a temporary tolerance which protects the patient from anaphylaxis.
In contrast, a graded challenge, or test dosing, is a procedure that used to determine if
the patient will have an adverse reaction to specific drug by administering doses lower
than therapeutic doses over a period of time with reactions detection and to assess if the patient is actually allergic to specific medications in which is intended as diagnostic tool. It does not alter immunological or non-immunological response to
specific drugs. Reliable for and drug and useful as long as reactions is not serious, so
a graded challenge is more appropriate for a patient who is unlikely to be allergic to
the implicated drug, whereas desensitization should be considered in a patient who is
likely to be allergic to the implicated drug.
The starting dose for graded challenge is generally higher than for DS procedures due
to the number of steps, in which test dosing describes administration of progressively
increasing doses of drug until a full doses is reached where is the typical starting dose
for a graded challenge is 1/100th of the final treatment dose, this is through 3 doses:
Time 0 minutes: administer 1/100th therapeutic dose
Time 30 minutes: administer 1/10th therapeutic dose
Time 60 minutes: administer full therapeutic dose
While a typical starting dose for an IgE immune induction of drug tolerance (DS), is
often 1/10,000th of the final dose followed by doubling of the previous dose. The length of the procedure depends on the drug and route of administration.
The choice about when to use a clinically indicated drug through a graded challenge
doses or through DS generally depends on the likelihood that the patient is allergic at the time of the procedure. Patients who, based on their history, diagnostic test results, or both, are unlikely to be allergic to a drug can undergo graded challenge. In which the DS is indicated when no alternative drug is available; when the suggested drug is more effective than other possible alternatives; if there are no co-morbidities leading the patient to increased risk during the procedure; and when the reported drug reaction was not a severe, life-threatening immune-toxic reaction.
DS indicated for patient with High likehood or confirmed drug allergy like antibiotic allergy (e.g. positive skin test) and in need of culprit drug where no therapeutic alternative exist. Whereas graded challenge doses indicated for patient with low likehood or with negative skin test, For example, if penicillin skin testing is unavailable and a patient with a history of a mild pruritic rash during penicillin treatment 20 years ago requires penicillin therapy, it would be reasonable to
administer penicillin through a graded oral challenge doses while Patients who have a
relatively higher likelihood of being allergic to a drug should undergo an induction of
drug tolerance procedure. For example, if penicillin skin testing is unavailable and a
patient with a recent history of penicillin-induced anaphylaxis requires penicillin, it
should be administered through induction of drug desensitization.
Both graded challenge and DS are contraindicated in patients with a history of
Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, or exfoliated dermatitis, as a
small doses of the drug can induce potentially lethal recurrent desquamative reactions
because the interaction between the antigen and the antibody may possibly lead to the
activation and consumption of the complement system. Also, neither procedure
should be attempted in patients with a history of serious non-IgE-mediated, immunologic reactions, such as serum sickness reactions, nephritis, hepatitis, or hemolytic anemia..
De las Vecillas Sánchez, L., Alenazy, L. A., Garcia-Neuer, M., & Castells, M. C.
(2017). Drug hypersensitivity and desensitizations: Mechanisms and new
approaches. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 18(6).
Hong, D. I., & Dioun, A. F. (2014). Indications, protocols, and outcomes of drug
desensitizations for chemotherapy and monoclonal antibodies in adults and
children. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, 2(1), 13–19.
Khan, D. A., & Solensky, R. (2010). Drug allergy. Journal of Allergy and Clinical
Immunology, 125(2 SUPPL. 2), 126–138.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2009.10.028
Kim, M.-H., & Lee, J.-M. (2014). Diagnosis and management of immediate
hypersensitivity reactions to cephalosporins. Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
Research, 6(6), 485–495. https://doi.org/10.4168/aair.2014.6.6.485
Urbanek, R. (1990). [Hyposensitization: indications and expectations]. Padiatrie
Und Padologie, 25(6), 397–404.
Caimmi, S., Caffarelli, C., Saretta, F., Liotti, L., Crisafulli, G., Cardinale, F.,
Bottau, P., Mori, F., Franceschini, F., Bernardini, R., & Marseglia, G. L. (2019).
Drug desensitization in allergic children. Acta Bio-Medica : Atenei Parmensis,
90(3-S), 20–29. https://doi.org/10.23750/abm.v90i3-S.8158
Sancho-Serra MC, Simarro M, Castells M. Rapid IgE desensitization is antigen
specific and impairs early and late mast cell responses targeting FceRI
internalization. Eur J Immunol 2011;41:1004-13.
HalaRedwan Thank you for the great article Hala😍 Really helped me to understand about desensitization and dosing challenge🥺❤
Norhayati it's my pleasure to help you understanding this topic, your welcome dear🥰♥


The quantities listed below make approximately 5 substantial servings.
To make healthy vegetable spring rolls, you'll need dry rice paper that comes in flat circles. You can find rice paper in the Asian section of your local grocery store or in most Asian food shops.
Quantities listed produce approximately 2 substantial servings of coconut chia pudding.


Welcome, all visitors of my website!
"The breed of Scottish terriers appeared in Scotland in 1770 and till 1890 it was named after the town it descends from - Aberdeen" ("Animal Kingdom", Series "Dogs" Marcus Schneck, Jill Caravan).
Let me introduce myself: Halina Radziuk. I'm a dog breeder, biologist (Belarusian State University, human and animal physiology), psychologist.
I can consider myself a happy person, because I have two favorite occupations. The first one is business. For more than 20 years my company "Jana" has been representing the most famous brands of Swiss watches in Belarus. The second one, I have put my heart and soul into, is Scottish terriers. My kennel was opened in 2010.
Baltic Champion-9, Balcan Champion-4, Champion of Belarus-18, Grand Champion of Belarus-5, Champion of Bulgaria-5, Grand Champion of Bulgaria-1, Champion of Latvia-13, Champion of Lithuania-11, Champion of Moldova-7, Grand Champion of Moldova-3, Champion of Poland-9, Champion of Romania-3, Champion of Russia-15, Champion of Slovenia-3, Champion of Ukraine-8, Champion of Estonia-11, Champion of San Marino-3, Champion of the Philippines-3, Champion of America-1, Junior Grand Champion of Belarus-6, Junior Champion of Belarus-20, Junior Champion of Bulgaria-2, Junior Grand Champion of Bulgaria-1, Junior Champion of Latvia-7, Junior Champion of Lithuania-9, Junior Champion of Moldova-1, Junior Champion of Poland-2, Junior Champion of Russia-11, Junior Champion of Ukraina -4, Junior Champion of Estonia-7, Junior Baltic Champion-3, Junior Balcan Champion-1, Junior Winner of Belarus-1, Junior Champion of Czech Republic-1, Junior Champion of Italy-1.
The history of my love to Scottish terriers many years ago. Once my daughter Nadine and me were looking through a newspaper and saw the announcement about selling Scottish terrier puppies. We decided to visit the family where the puppies lived to see them, because we both dreamed about such dog. At that time we have a lovely cross-breed dog Antoshka living in our house. She was a small golden creature of difficult character (a gift of my pupil from the school where I worked as a biology teacher).
When we saw four small puppies running to meet us, we decided to take one of them. So our family had the first Scottish terrier called Archibald (Archi for family people). Our dear Antoshka and Archi, we remember and love you! Thank you very much for love and deep devotion you were giving us for 13 years!
At the beginning of the 90s dog shows in Belarus weren't so popular like now, but even at that time Archi and me took part in different competitions and got some certificates.
When Archi was 5 years old, in the street I found seriously sick Scottish terrier that was kicked out by one hunter, because he didn't need the dog any more. I together with my friend and our daughters washed him, were treating this Scotty for a long time and decided to call him Timur. Later some kind people took Timur to live with them, and he was their faithful friend for 10 years.
I always knew that a Scottish terrier would live with me and perhaps not one. So soon Ais (Ais Ventura Dai Hard) appeared in our family. After 4 years I brought my second dog Canny (Arabella's/D All You Can Eat) from German kennel Arabella's. In June 2010 I brought Ais's daughter Luksa (Luksa Queen Sonas ORT) from Ukraine. After the World Dog Show 2010 in Denmark Ais, Canny and me returned home with Sinead (Ayrzol Sinead). Kara Mia is the fifth Scotty in my kennel, she is Ais's daughter as well and lives with my friends.
Psychologists say that people subconsciously choose those whose traits of character are particularly valuable for them. Bravery, faithfulness, intelligence and independence (this list can be infinitely continued) - this is the nature of a Scottish terrier.
My speciality (human and animal physiology, psychologist), which I chose because of my love for nature, especially for animals, had a great influence on my decision to open the kennel.
In conclusion, I would like to say that I'm happy to return to my favorite occupation, and I'll try to do everything possible for this wonderful breed - Scottish terrier!


Made By Hippies Tie Dyes is a retailer & wholesaler of handmade tie dye clothing, chainmaille, glass & hemp jewelry, glass and polymer clay functional art & handmade soaps and beauty products.
Sagebrush Crafts ~ Located in the high desert of eastern Oregon, we are an online retail store specializing in homemade soap, natural skin care,candles and gifts.
Bethlehem olive wood ~ The largest collection of olive wood products from Bethlehem, the Holy Land. We offer a wide variety of unique olive wood products, handmade by experienced Christian craftsmen in Bethlehem and its suburbs.
Fine Crafts & Imports - World Arts & Crafts ~ Tin & Talavera Mexican mirrors, pottery, ceramic planters, sun faces, hammered copper vases & plates, & a wide collection of home decor & garden accesories.


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Emma Stefansky
Yep, 'Wonder Woman 2' Will Be Set in the '80s, Patty Jenkins Confirms
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Contract packaging and clinical supply services company, Sharp, has invested $11 million to increase its global cold storage and syringe assembly capacity in response to market demand.
This additional investment in Groninger labelling machines has doubled Sharp's syringe assembly capacity at its Allentown, US facility, which will provide additional manufacturing speed capacity and in-line safety device assembly when installed.
Furthermore, there will be an increase in the cold storage capacity of 61% at the site with a $1.5 million investment into DEA-approved cage cold storage. This will form part of the company's strategy to meet demand in the injectable device and biologics markets.
"These investments are being driven by a significant rise indemand for our cold chain capabilities from clients across the biotech sector, with particular interest coming from the injectables sector," commented Mike Owens, vice president of supply chain at Sharp US. "Notably, our Global Design Center based in Allentown has seen a spike in demand for biologic kits for injectables due, in part, to the rising number of 'virtual' companies in the market. We have also seen a growing need for the design and prototyping of multi-component kits.


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Nigeria: Can Buhari's 100% education budget pledge be met?
By Ruth Olurounbi
Posted on Tuesday, 24 August 2021 13:35
Freed schoolboys look on during a meeting with Nigeria's President Muhammadu Buhari, on Friday Dec. 18, 2020 in Katsina, Nigeria. (AP Photo/Sunday Alamba)
With Nigeria accounting for more than one in five out-of-school children in the world, and hidden fees locking girls out of education, Nigeria's pledge to double to the budget for education by 2025 is welcome. But, despite that catalytic role of schools on the economy, campaigners say education funding rarely gets disbursed.
President Muhammadu Buhari, recognising that Nigeria needed to increase spending on education, pledged to increase the budget going to the sector by 50% by 2023 and to 100% by 2025.
"We commit to progressively increase our annual domestic education expenditure by 50% over the next two years and up to 100% by 2025 beyond the 20% global benchmark," the president said at the Global Education Summit in the UK in July.
He continued: "We fully endorse the call for more efficient use of resources and to significantly increase investment in education by strengthening institutions, promoting greater adoption of technology, building the capacities of our teachers and mobilising additional financial resources through legal frameworks and deliberate intervention on a sustainable basis."
What effect will this have on girls' education?
While those who have spent years campaigning for bigger funding and increased access to girls' education see the promise of increased funding to education alone as bringing hope, they don't see the promise as being transformative. This may be because the education budget has been declining for years, the most recent being a mere 5.6% of the 2021 budget, much below the recommended benchmark. Additional factors such as raging insecurity that has seen hundreds of school children kidnapped in the northern region, as well as gender-based violence in schools across the country.
Still, "increased funding at the state level is critical, as it would address so many important aspects of education. It would significantly reduce the need for hidden fees which has a detrimental effect on girl child education. Such findings have been documented in Kaduna and Borno state by Gulmakai Champions Network Nigeria," Olabukunola Williams, CEO, Education as a Vaccine, said in an interview with The Africa Report.
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Her non-profit, supported by the Malala Fund, is working to increase access for young girls who are out of school to get an education in Kaduna state.
"And research has also shown the impact of increased funding on quality of education; however it needs to be spent and targeted appropriately for it to have the intended impact. And with the current state of education, we need more than hope, we need action," she added.
Nigeria accounts for more than one in five out-of-school children anywhere in the world, said UNICEF. "Although primary education is officially free and compulsory, only 67% of eligible children take up a place in primary school," the agency said.
To Williams' mind, if the government was going to increase funding for education, it had to be deliberate in ensuring that it took care of the "overcrowding, lack of safety including gender-based violence, lack of water and sanitation facilities," in many schools across the country. The government needs to make sure that the funds are actually accessible and used by schools, she added.
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"Increased funding would mean providing alternative sources for learning such as sending education materials to homes, use of radios and, where possible, virtual learning platforms. Increased funding is not the silver bullet but as mentioned previously when targeted properly in the best interest of learners, it can be truly transformative for a failing sector," Williams said.
Should insecurity be tackled first?
While the government's proposal to increase the education budget is commendable, Rotimi Olawale of YouthHub Africa, whose non-profit advocates for education and community developments in Nigeria, feels that "stemming the tide of violence and abduction we have witnessed" in the sector must be a priority.
"Addressing the challenges around insecurity requires a multi-sectoral approach, including supporting the military, building early warning systems with community participation, and tackling poverty and unemployment. Government hasn't shown the required commitment to lead on finding answers to these challenges beyond mere rhetoric," he said.
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Schools in Kaduna are currently closed due to insecurity challenges, Williams said, adding that: "This is a setback because this is in addition to closure during the pandemic. This increases the likelihood of girls not being able to return back to school and increases the number of out of school children."
A study from ONE Nigeria, an arm of a global movement campaigning to end extreme poverty and preventable disease by 2030, showed that "the violent extremist group Boko Haram (which translates as 'western education is forbidden') poses increased obstacles to girls completing their education. Boko Haram kidnapped 276 schoolgirls in Chibok in 2014. As of 2016, over 1,000 schools in the region had been damaged or destroyed and 1,500 schools had closed. This means that … at a regional level North-East Nigeria is a tougher place for a girl to get educated than other regions in the country."
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While some see hope in increased access to especially girls' education in Nigeria, others don't see the promise as bringing any concrete development.
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For instance, Kayode Ajayi-Smith, CEO of Smithswork Limited, which provides business advisory to private businesses on innovation and technology, said antecedents in government spending on education does not bring "any hope whatsoever."
Citing current events in which many public school teachers lacked access to online learning especially in the middle of the pandemic, as well as stubborn infrastructure decay, Ajayi-Smith wondered how much of immediate impact the funding increase would have on quality education in the country.
Is Buhari's pledge feasible?
Williams said she doesn't see the feasibility of the proposed funding increase seeing as "budget cuts and lack of political will at all levels" remain prevalent.
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She added: "This is in addition to the cultural and social norms that serve as barriers to education especially for girls and children with disabilities. Until we are willing to invest in education in terms of commitment, expertise and safety, I don't see the promise being fulfilled."
Funding for the troubled sector has been declining since the year 2014, when the sector received N494.7bn or 10.5% of the total budget. Subsequent years, budget cuts saw the sector receiving only 10.7% (N484.2bn) in 2015, 7.9% (N369.6bn) in 2016, 7.4% (N550.5bn) in 2017, and 7.04% (N605.8bn) in 2018. Although 2019 saw a marginal increase of 0.1% from 7.04% to 7.05%, budget cuts saw a further decline t0 6.7% (N671.07bn) in 2020, and 5.6% (N742.5bn) in 2021.
"If we are to improve our economy, data has shown that investments in education, especially girls education yields returns in maternal and newborn health, household income, maternal mortality, and nutrition as well as hygiene and health of the family, especially children. The investment by government in education, therefore, has a catalytic effect on other sectors," Olawale said.
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PTC's PLM team has made many changes to our product over the past few years – introducing new capabilities and products while strengthening our core solution. We recently received validation that the changes we've been making are leading us in the right direction. Analyst firm, Quadrant Knowledge Solutions, has named PTC as the leading global PLM vendor. This win plus our dominance in last year's Forrester Wave report on PLM shows that we're clearly doing something right.
1. Comprehensive Enterprise PLM – Having disconnected enterprise systems and organization silos can make the product development process more difficult for stakeholders. They struggle to find the information they need which causes delays and, potentially, costly errors. PTC's PLM solution serves as multi-system data orchestration – consolidating and disseminating product information including data from CAD, ERP, MES, homegrown systems, and connected devices.
This continuity and contextualization of information provides organizations with a digital thread backbone that enables teams to break down those industry silos – which in turn improves time-to-market, cuts costs, improves quality, and helps to drive innovation. PTC PLM provides the performance and scale needed to easily manage large data sets across large sets of users. And with flexible deployment options, organizations can deploy either on-premises or in the PTC Cloud.
2. Smart and Connected – By combining its core PLM capabilities with the ThingWorx IoT platform, manufacturers can leverage IoT data from devices and machines in the field in the context of the product design. This enables manufacturers, including the product planning and quality teams, to make improvements to the product – such as value, quality, and usability -- based on real-world operational data.
3. Role and Task-Based Applications – ThingWorx Navigate is a set of role- and task-based applications that enable more stakeholders throughout the organization to easily access PLM information. It's as easy to use as your average smartphone app – ideal for stakeholders who aren't trained in the nuances of your typically robust enterprise system.
The benefits of opening up product data to stakeholders who don't traditionally have access to it are numerous: whether its manufacturing operations working concurrently with engineering to speed up time-to-market, purchasing getting a heads up on what spare parts to buy to keep costs down, or the supply chain accessing contract documentation to ensure that they are fulfilling their obligations.
4. Augmented Reality (AR) Design Share – You don't still use a rotary-dial phone, do you? Then why are you passing around 2D drawings or using 3D models on a desktop screen? Designers need to be able to view models in a real-world setting alongside their far-flung teammates.
By leveraging Vuforia, PTC's industrial AR solution, users of Windchill are able to use AR to visualize products in their physical context – whether that's on the shop floor or in the field – at full product size. This helps to eliminate the need for creating costly prototypes. Finally, PTC's PLM solutions enable users to securely create and publish AR experiences. Since CAD files are not being directly shared with external stakeholders and the supply chain, manufacturers are able to protect their valuable IP.
We believe that best-in-class manufacturers need a best-in-class PLM solution. Our comprehensive core PLM capabilities coupled with PTC's IoT and AR technologies place PTC at the head of pack. Learn more about PTC's PLM solutions by visiting www.ptc.com/plm.
PTC has been named the leading global PLM vendor. Read 4 reasons why PTC delivers best-in-class enterprise PLM.


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require('../../ark/animals/ColorPalette.scss');

import React, {Component, PropTypes} from 'react';
import addons from "react/addons";
import update from 'react/lib/update';
import TinyColor from 'tinycolor2';

import CardPalette from './CardPalette';

export default class ColorPalette extends Component {

    constructor(props) {
        super(props);

        this.addColor             = this.addColor.bind(this);
        this.generatePaletteArray = this.generatePaletteArray.bind(this);

        this.state = {
            colors: []
        };
    }

    componentDidMount() {
        this.generatePaletteArray();
    }

    addColor(index) {
        // TODO: Fix this
        var colors = this.state.colors;
        colors.push({
            id: colors.length+1,
            hex: TinyColor.random().toHexString()
        })
        this.setState({colors: colors})
    }

    generatePaletteArray() {
        while(this.state.colors.length > 0) {
            this.state.colors.pop();
        }
        for (var i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
            this.addColor(i);
        }
    }

	render() {
	    return (

                <CardPalette colors={this.state.colors} />

{this.state.colors}

        )
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Caroline aims to achieve solutions to design challenges using a wider lens, approaching her work through a perspective that is grounded in art, seeing the conceptual narrative in all of her projects.
Skilled at managing complex projects, Caroline is a Quadrangle Principal and head of the Interiors Group. She has delivered some of the studio's high profile, award-winning projects including Corus Entertainment, Deluxe Toronto, 60_80 Atlantic Avenue and multiple cultural, institutional and workplace projects at Daniels City of the Arts including Artscape Daniels Launchpad, HXOUSE, House of Cool, the Sugar Gallery and OCAD U CO. Caroline's role as a cultural and design thought leader in the industry is strengthened by conceptual installations at major exhibitions and industry events.


The RRB NTPC exam 2016 announced for the recruitment of 18000 vacancies in Indian railways was caught admist news of malpractices. Candidates who had appeared for the test already & those who are yet to take it up were stressed.But things seemed to have been cleared after it was postponed for few centres.So here is the list of RRB NTPC GK questions asked on April 26, that should help those looking to prepare fro upcoming days.
There were news about RRB exams being postponed but not everyone are affected. Candidates from 8 centres belonging to Allahabad, Pune, Delhi & West bengal are being rescheduled to different dates.
All others from remaining states are requested to prepare for your exams since there is no change in your test schedule.We are already covering the GK questions so far that you may refer to start.


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Fès & Marrakech
Casablanca · Rabat
Meknès · Atlas Mountains
9 Days |10 Nights
AVAILABILITY LIMITED
TOUR HOSTS |GUIDES
Led by a destination specialist, local English-speaking guides; plus an art collector-consultant in Marrakech.
ith the ancient as foundation, this tour combines medieval Islamic architecture, the Art Deco buildings of Casablanca, rugged and mountainous landscapes, the culture and rich heritage and the evolution of art and design particularly in Marrakech.
Design and architecture are experienced with visits to historic and contemporary places.
Selected interiors include the famous La Mamounia Hotel, reopened in 2009 after a major renovation by French designer Jacques Garcia.
The tour includes gardens, antiques and carpet shop, art galleries, and the Mohammed VI Museum for Modern and contemporary Art in Rabat.
In Casablanca participants will dine with noted visual artists.
TOUR # |18MOR
ART | DESIGN
Overland journeys include visits to Meknès and also Ifrane, the little Berber town of Azrou, and Khenifra on the banks of the Oumer-Rbia River while traveling into the Atlas Mountains on the road from Fès to Marrakech .
Discover celebrated interiors. In Marrakech enjoy Afternoon Tea at the famous La Mamounia Hotel, which reopened in 2009 after a major renovation under the direction of the renowned French designer Jacques Garcia.
UNESCO World Heritage Sites including Volubilis, Meknès, Medina of Fès, Medina of Marrakech (1985) and Rabat.
Gardens include Jardin Majorelle, home of the the Yves Saint Laurent Museum; Le Jardin Secret.
Leisure time is allotted for independent exploration.
Day 0 | Friday, 14 September
Arrive Mohammed V Airport in Casablanca where you will be met by an English-speaking guide and transferred to your hotel.
Day and evening at leisure.
FLIGHTS are not included; independent travel should be arranged to join the tour which begins in Casablanca and ends in Marrakech, Morocco.
Arrival in Casablanca should be on Friday, 14 September in order to join the tour which begins on Saturday, the 15th.
Day 1 | Saturday, 15 September
Morning at leisure.
Mid-day walk through the medina and lunch at La Sqala. Afternoon visit to a riad and L'Atelier 21 art gallery frequented by Moroccan artists.
Dinner with noted visual artists.
Day 2 | Sunday, 16 September
CASABLANCA | RABAT
Panoramic city center tour of Casablanca followed by a visit to the Hassan II Great Mosque and then travel on to Rabat, capital of Morocco.
A walk through Qudaya Kasbah, featuring the oldest of Rabat's Andalusian-style buildings before visiting the Hassan Tower; Mausoleum of Mohammed V and Hassan II, and the medieval fortified Chellah necropolis.
Day 3 | Monday, 17 September
RABAT | MEKNÈS | FÈS
Early morning breakfast and depart for the former Imperial city of Meknes built at the end of the 17th century by Moulay Ismael.
Following a guided visit of Meknès, the drive to Fès
continues via Volubilis, a Roman archaeological site, and Moulay Isriss, a picturesque village hanging on the hills and sheltering the tomb of Moulay Idris I, the founder of Fès.
Day 4 | Tuesday, 18 September
An introduction to the thousand year-old city of Fès founded by King Moulay Idriss I.
Lunch at a lovely riad followed by a private tour; meet the chef and owner/s.
Day 5 | Wednesday, 19 September
FÈS | MEDINA
Tour Fès el Bali or old city, taking in the historic along with the contemporary. Enter the Medina by Bab Boujloud to enjoy the charm and atmosphere of the Medina from Talaa Sghira to Souiqt Ben Safi and visit the Bouanana Medersa on the way.
Afternoon and evening at leisure.
Day 6 | Thursday, 20 September
FÈS | MARRAKECH
Full day journey to Marrakech proceeds up into the mountains of the Middle Atlas through villages and other sites along the way.
Stop for lunch in Beni Mellal, the capital of the region between the High and Middle Atlas and arrive in Marrakech later in the day.
Dinner with Marrakech Host, Rune Peter Jordansson.
Excursions include sites of antiquity such as the Koutoubia Mosque, and Le Jardin Secret, which is part of the great tradition of stately Arab-Andalusian and Moroccan palaces. Its gardens and buildings are outstanding examples of Islamic art and architecture.
In the afternoon, our host in Marrakech leads a tour of contemporary art galleries with visits to small, but fashionable antiques and carpet shops.
Afternoon visit to Jardin Majorelle, home of artist Jacques Majorelle which was transformed into a public garden with a museum of Berber antiquities by designer Yves Saint Laurent. Visit includes the Yves Sait Laurent Museum that opened in 2017. Indulge the senses while exploring Djemaa el Fna Square into the evening.
Day 1 Hassan II Mosque, Casablanca
Mosque interior
Pottery, Fès
Classical gate; tile, Fès Medina
Middle Atlas
Koutoubia Mosque
Djemaa el Fina Square at night, Marrakech
Moroccan decoration
Menara Airport exterior design, Marrakech
The discovery of Marrakech arts and design, both contemporary and historic continues with visits to various sites including Dar Si Said, the Museum of Moroccan Art.
Day 00 | Monday, 24 September
MARRAKECH | Departure
Hotel check-out
Transfer to Menara Airport, Marrakech
The word 'riad' means garden but it is applied to town houses built round a central courtyard. Technically it should have some plants in four planting beds and a central fountain. Otherwise it is called a Dar, or house.
Rooms are subject to availability on the date of confirmation. Should a specific accommodation not be available, a comparable room and/or property will be offered.
Riads and Dars tend to have fewer rooms in number and therefore category and personal selections may not be available.
As each guest room in a riad is normally decorated and exclusively furnished, choice of twin, full or queen bed may not be available.
While one may request a room preference as to smoking or non-smoking, there may be no such categories on a property as there is an extraordinarily high number of local and visiting smokers.
HÔTEL VAL D'ANFA
Day 0-1| 2 Nights
14-15 September
RIAD TAHRA
DAR EL KÉBIRA
Day 2 |1 Night
DAR JUSTO
Day 6-9 | 4 Nights
1601 21st Street NW
www.embassyofmorocco.us
T 202 462 7979 | F 202 462 7643
Consular T 202 499 1046
www.travel.state.gov
Land travel by private, air-conditioned vehicle/s
Private arrival and departure transfers based on flight arrival and departure times, based on your flight arrangements.
Hotel accommodation | 10 Nights
Services of experienced host/s and local guide/s as required by itinerary; excluding times allotted for independent activities.
All admissions per the itinerary.
All state taxes
Personal use of mobile phone (voice & text) for duration of tour; excluding usage charges, recharging. Traveler is responsible for loss or damage to phone, accessories; sim card.
All breakfasts in hotels
1 afternoon tea
Bottled water throughout
Meals include soft drinks or juice, coffee, tea
Rooms are subject to availability on the date of confirmation. Should a specific accommodation not be available, a comparable room and/or property shall be offered.
This exclusive itinerary is limited to a maximum of 16 participants, excluding staff and guide/s. A minimum of six (6) participants is required. Tour is not suitable for anyone under the age of 18 years.
Activities require that you be in good health and have the ability to walk reasonable distances and be able to stand for extended periods as in museums and while visiting outdoor sites. Pack comfortable walking shoes that have been broken-in.
Out of respect for the culture, women should be modestly attired. Refer to Traveling in a Muslim Country and also, Visiting Morocco.
It may be necessary to slightly amend the program according to local conditions.
FLIGHTS, Passport & Visas
Meals other than hotel breakfast except where specifically mentioned as being included.
Wine and other alcoholic drinks, room service à la carte orders, snacks and beverages; personal items, telephone calls, Internet and valet/laundry service and those items/services not specifically mentioned as being included.
Expenses incurred in making additional/alternative, individual travel arrangements in conjunction with the Tour.
Fees and other items and services not specifically mentioned as being included.
Gratuities and porterage.
Per person, double US$5155
Single supplement US$1145
A US$500.00 deposit is payable at the time booking is confirmed.
Tour rates are based on a minimum of six (6) participants and subject to change. All prices are based on exchange rates, hotel and land costs at the time of pricing and are therefore subject to increase prior to the time of full payment. TWH cannot be held responsible for fluctuations in calculating refunds due to tour cancellations.
Travelers must have a valid passport with at least one blank page.
Visas are not required for Americans visiting for less than 90 days. Visit the Embassy of the Kingdom of Morocco website for the most current visa information.
Travelers are responsible for their own passport and visa requirements and obtaining individual travel insurance.
Passport Validity
Must be valid at time of entry
Securely, carry a copy of your U.S. passport with you at all times to have proof of identity and U.S. citizenship readily available, if needed.
Blank Passport Pages At least one blank page required for entry stamp.
Tourist VISA Not required for stays under 90 days. Visit the website of the Embassy of the Kingdom of Morocco for the most current visa information.
Vaccinations None
Safety & Security | Local Laws Refer to U.S. State Department website.
Enroll in theSmart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP) so we can keep you up to date with important safety and security announcements.
Customs Travelers must declare large quantities of U.S. dollars brought into the country at the port of entry. The export (and import) of Moroccan currency (dirhams) is prohibited; however, Moroccan currency may be converted back into U.S. dollars prior to departure only if the traveler has a bank or money transfer receipt indicating dollars were exchanged for dirhams while in Morocco.
Moroccan customs authorities may enforce strict regulations concerning temporary importation into or export from Morocco of items such as firearms, religious materials, antiquities, business equipment, and large quantities of currency. It is advisable to contact the Embassy of Morocco in Washington, DC, or the Consulate General in New York for specific information concerning customs requirements.
US-MOROCCO RELATIONS Morocco formally recognized the United States in 1786 by signing a treaty of peace and friendship. Full diplomatic relations began in 1905. Morocco entered into the status of a French protectorate from 1912 to 1956, and normal diplomatic relations were resumed after U.S. recognition of Moroccan independence in 1956. The two countries share common concerns and consult closely on regional security and sustainable development. Morocco is a strong partner in counterterrorism efforts, and it works closely with U.S. law enforcement to safeguard both countries' national security interests.


text:
Home Developments Abusive Impeachment? Brazilian Political Turmoil and the Judicialization of Mega-Politics
Abusive Impeachment? Brazilian Political Turmoil and the Judicialization of Mega-Politics
—Juliano Zaiden Benvindo, University of Brasília
In 2007, Aníbal Pérez-Liñán, an Argentinian professor of political science at the University of Pittsburgh, wrote that "impeachments are likely when the mass media systematically investigate and expose political scandals and when the president fails to keep tight control over Congress… When a broad social coalition takes the street to demand the resignation of the president, the fall of the administration is usually in sight."[1] As a mechanism capable of ousting a president from office, impeachment proceedings have indeed become a trend in Latin America, and they can be normally associated with distinct and in many cases combined variables: 1) minority support in Congress; 2) scandals of corruption; 3) influential and concentrated media coverage of those scandals; 4) economic mismanagement; 5) a president's low approval ratings; and 6) popular protests. Brazil (1992), Venezuela (1993), Colombia (1996), Ecuador (1997, 2004), Paraguay (1999, 2002, 2012), and Peru (2000) are just some examples of this new pattern. Now it is Brazil that is going through such a moment. But, perhaps more than the other examples, the Brazilian case may reveal an interesting way in which the "judicialization of mega-politics"[2] can intersect with a new form of "abusive constitutionalism."[3]
Beneath the storm lies a complex array of interpretations of how to define the impeachment as it has evolved so far. After a brief lull following the Supreme Court's decision on impeachment last December, which settled the rules of the game and calmed down the political turmoil,[4] the landscape has changed very quickly. The likelihood of President Dilma Roussef's impeachment has increased dramatically, leading to increased tension. On April 17, more than two-thirds of the members of the Lower House voted for her impeachment, authorizing thereby the opening of proceedings against her, now awaiting deliberation in the Senate. If the Senate accepts the impeachment bid by a simple majority, President Roussef is suspended for 180 days and Vice-President Michel Temer takes office. If, after her trial in the Senate, presided by the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, two-thirds of the Senators approve her impeachment, Mr. Temer would become the new President.
In recent weeks, influential international media have explicitly taken a stance on this matter. For example, The Economist, on its cover of March 26, did not mince its words and wrote "Time to go," saying, moreover, that "her departure would offer Brazil the chance of a fresh start,"[5] especially after she had appointed the former President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva to be her chief of staff in a controversial move. The following week, in an article titled "When a "Coup" is not a coup," the same magazine compared the impeachment proceeding of presidential systems with what usually happens in parliamentary countries and claimed that Brazilians should take the street to push for a constitutional amendment that would lead to new elections as "a better way to defend democracy."[6] It also argued that the impeachment would not be a coup, as President Roussef's Worker's Party and its supporters call it, mentioning that "impeaching Ms Roussef would be a constitutional act with a legal basis, albeit a flimsy one."[7] Similarly, an editorial of the New York Times contended that "if her latest blunder pushes the impeachment effort across the finish line, Ms. Roussef will have only herself to blame."[8] This international coverage is similar to that in two of the most influential Brazilian newspapers, Folha de S. Paulo[9] and Estado de S. Paulo.[10]
Other very interesting analyses, however, have pointed out the threat posed by this particular impeachment against the electoral system. Professor James N. Green, director of the Brazil Initiative at Brown University, condensed in a few words what many[11] have argued: "this is an attack against democracy and democratic principles."[12] Glenn Greenwald, the Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist behind Edward Snowden's case and a resident of Rio de Janeiro, stated that Brazil "is now being treated as a result of this really opportunistic and exploitative attack on the part of the country's richest media outlets and richest factions … to remove a democratically elected president… on totally fictitious grounds of pretext."[13] Vladimir Safatle, Professor of the University of São Paulo, has called the impeachment "nothing other than a coup" and has called for a plebiscite to ask the people whether they want President Roussef and Congress to continue or end their term in office.[14]
Some of the complexity of the debates is related to genuine ambiguity about the scope of the impeachment mechanism under existing Brazilian law. More importantly, beneath these chaotic debates lies an attempt to dress up competing constitutional arguments in political garb. One of the most widespread arguments about the impeachment is that it cannot be regarded as a coup because it is a mechanism clearly set out in the constitutional text. However, the way this mechanism is used by political actors is what matters in the end, since, like many other constitutional tools such as plebiscites, referendums and emergency decrees, impeachment can clearly be abused for improper purposes. Drawing from David Landau's concept of "abusive constitutionalism," impeachment, despite its constitutional status, could be used to "undermine democracy with relative ease."[15]
This is why institutions matter during political crises.[16] In particular, the Brazilian Supreme Court has been continuously called upon, both by the government and opposition, to clarify various issues related to impeachment. It is no wonder that in some circumstances it has raised questions as to whether it has interfered with political affairs and, thereby, overstepped its bounds. More broadly, the Brazilian Supreme Court is following the worldwide trend of an increasing "judicialization of mega-politics,"[17] as Ran Hirschl calls those "core political controversies that define the boundaries of the collective or cut through the heart of entire nations."[18] The impeachment case would then be just the tip of iceberg of a much greater phenomenon, which has been happening in Brazil for a long time now.
Nonetheless, the current impeachment case is a signature example of the judicialization of mega-politics. For instance, last December 16 and 17, the Court interfered into the internal congressional rules governing impeachment in order to ensure that those rules were interpreted to strengthen the presidential system as set out in the constitutional text.[19] Furthermore, Justice Gilmar Mendes (and not the whole Court) issued an interim ruling suspending former President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva's appointment as chief of staff, in frank contradiction with judicial precedents.[20] Although former President Lula was not indicted for any crime and is still merely under investigation at a lower court, Justice Mendes interpreted the appointment as a form of obstruction of justice, since its effect was to transfer the investigation to the Supreme Court.[21] More recently, another Justice, Marco Aurélio de Mello, caught some legal experts and Congress by surprise when he, also in an interim ruling, determined that the Lower Houser speaker, Eduardo Cunha, had to accept an impeachment bid against Vice-President Michel Temer,[22] who will take over power in case President Dilma Roussef is ousted from office.
Despite that, the Supreme Court has also in other opportunities acted in a rather self-restrained way. On April 15, in an extraordinary hearing session, the eleven Justices gathered to decide many claims filed by the government and other parties which attempted to question the congressional voting procedures, the scope and validity of the impeachment bid, the Lower House speaker's alleged lack of impartiality, and other issues.[23] During this session, the Supreme Court studiously avoided the merits of the impeachment, emphasizing that the final decision is Congress` responsibility. Justice Edson Fachin mentioned that it is "Parliament`s sole prerogative" to judge whether President Roussef committed the crime of malversation.[24]
Whether accused of "activism to a high degree"[25] or, on the other hand, viewed as a necessary agent to check Congress, these episodes are a test of how far the Supreme Court can go when coping with such a sensitive subject. A new balance of powers has emerged that has gradually transformed the Supreme Court from a simple arbiter of the game into one of the central players of the game. As Diego Werneck Arguelhes and Felipe Recondo have argued, the more interventionist the Court becomes, "the harder it is to sustain and justify a restrained position."[26] Yet, in a scenario where politicians are playing very dangerous games with democracy,[27] a certain degree of "judicialization of mega-politics" may be necessary to prevent political actors from continuously abusing the constitution for their own benefit.
Suggested citation: Juliano Zaiden Benvindo, Abusive Impeachment? Brazilian Political Turmoil and the Judicialization of Mega-Politics, Int'l J. Const. L. Blog, Apr. 23, 2016, at: http://www.iconnectblog.com/2016/04/abusive-impeachment-brazilian-political-turmoil-and-the-judicialization-of-mega-politics/
[1] Aníbal Pérez-Liñán, Presidential Impeachment and the New Political Instability in Latin America 3 (2007).
[2] See Ran Hirschl, The Judicialization of Mega-Politics and the Rise of Political Courts, 11 Annual Review of Political Science 93 (2008).
[3] See David Landau, Abusive Constitutionalism, 47 U.C.D. L. Rev. 189 (2013).
[4] See Juliano Zaiden Benvindo, Institutions Matter: The Brazilian Supreme Court's Decision on Impeachment, Int'l J. Const. L. Blog (Dec. 31, 2015), http://www.iconnectblog.com/2015/12/institutions-matter-the-brazilian-supreme-courts-decision-on-impeachment/.
[5] Time to Go, The Economist (Mar. 26, 2016), http://www.economist.com/news/leaders/21695391-tarnished-president-should-now-resign-time-go?zid=309&ah=80dcf288b8561b012f603b9fd9577f0e.
[6] When a "Coup" is not a Coup, The Economist (Apr. 9, 2016), http://www.economist.com/news/americas/21696550-how-should-presidential-systems-deal-political-breakdown-when-coup-not-coup?zid=309&ah=80dcf288b8561b012f603b9fd9577f0e.
[8] Brazil's Political Crisis Deepens, N. Y. Times (Mar. 18, 2016), http://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/19/opinion/brazils-political-crisis-deepens.html.
[9] Nem Dilma nem Temer, Folha de S. Paulo (Apr. 2, 2016), http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/opiniao/2016/04/1756924-nem-dilma-nem-temer.shtml.
[10] Impeachment é o melhor caminho, Estado de S. Paulo (Apr. 7, 2016), http://opiniao.estadao.com.br/noticias/geral,impeachment-e-o-melhor-caminho,10000025268.
[11] See also Shobhan Saxena, A Coup is in the Air: The Plot to Unsettle Roussef, Lula and Brazil, The Wire (Mar. 25, 2016), http://thewire.in/2016/03/25/a-coup-is-in-the-air-the-plot-to-unsettle-rousseff-lula-and-brazil-25893/; Benito Perez, Vers un "Soft Putsch" au Brésil?, Le Courrier (Apr. 10, 2016), http://www.lecourrier.ch/137613/vers_un_soft_putsch_au_bresil.
[12] See João Fellet, Americano vê risco de "golpe" contra o sistema eleitoral para pôr PMDB e PSDB no poder, BBC Brasil (Mar. 23, 2016), http://noticias.uol.com.br/ultimas-noticias/bbc/2016/03/23/americano-ve-risco-de-golpe-contra-o-sistema-eleitoral-para-por-pmdb-e-psdb-no-poder.htm.
[13] See Gleen Greenwald: Is it a Coup? What is Happening in Brazil is Much Worse than Donald Trump, Democracy Now (Mar. 24, 2016), http://www.democracynow.org/2016/3/24/glenn_greenwald_brazils_democracy_is_under.
[14] Vladimir Safatle, Um Golpe e nada mais, Folha de S. Paulo (Mar. 25, 2016), http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/colunas/vladimirsafatle/2016/03/1753928-um-golpe-e-nada-mais.shtml.
[15] David Landau, supra note 3, at 189.
[16] See Juliano Zaiden Benvindo, supra note 4.
[17] See Ran Hirschl, The Judicialization of Mega-Politics and the Rise of Political Courts, 11 Annual Rev. Pol. Sci 93 (2008)
[18] Id. at 98.
[20] See Emílio Peluso Neder Meyer, A Colcha de Retalhos de Gilmar Mendes, JOTA (Mar. 26, 2016), http://jota.uol.com.br/colcha-de-retalhos-de-gilmar-mendes
[21] See Samantha Pearson, Supreme Court judge blocks Lula da Silva's Cabinet Appointment, Financial Times (Mar. 19, 2016), http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/bb17a2f2-edea-11e5-a609-e9f2438ee05b.html – axzz45NmiStMg
[22] See Vinod Sreeharsha, Brazi's Congress Must Consider Impeaching Vice President, N. Y. Times (Apr. 5, 2016), http://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/06/world/americas/brazil-impeach-ruling-michel-temer-dilma-rousseff.html.
[23] See Livia Scocuglia, Depois de resposta colegiada, Supremo evita novos recursos contra impeachment, Valor (Apr. 17, 2016), http://jota.uol.com.br/depois-de-resposta-colegiada-supremo-evita-admitir-novos-recursos-contra-impeachment.
[24] See Felipe Recondo, Impeachment: Pedalada fiscal não é um vestido de bolinhas, Jota (Apr. 16, 2016), http://jota.uol.com.br/impeachment-pedalada-fiscal-nao-e-um-vestido-de-bolinhas.
[25] See Pedro Venceslau, Miguel Reale Jr. acusa STF de fazer 'ativismo de altíssimo grau' sobre impeachment, Estado de S. Paulo (Dec. 18, 2015).
[26] See Diego Werneck Arrulhes & Felipe Recondo, Impeachment: A Maldição de Paulo Brossard, JOTA (Apr. 7, 2016), http://jota.uol.com.br/impeachment-maldicao-de-paulo-brossard.
[27] Leonardo Augusto de Andrade Barbosa, História Constitucional Brasileira: Mudança Constitucional, Autoritarismo e Democracia no Brasil Pós-1964 (2012).
Author: Juliano Zaiden Benvindo Filed under: Developments
Tags: abusive constitutionalism, Brazil, Impeachment
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Davi Marques da Silva
Some inconsistencies must be pointed out.
First of all, and it will be especially clear for the American people, the impeachment process is based on a non compliance on budgetary rules. So the Brazilian President, without Congress authorization did spend more money them she was supposed to do. And she did it by contracting loan with a federal bank (which is forbidden by law). These are the basis for impeachment. You will remember clearly that recently, America had 2 government blackouts cause the Administration needed Congress sanction for larger espenditure. And the Administration did not spend no money before that.
Second, the origin of the scandals is not a Car Wash investigation(it's not a fair translation) it's about money laundry, in its origins. Thats how things started, but the federal prosecutors investigation did associate the laundry crimes with money stollen from the biggest state oil company in Brazil – Petrobras.
As the investigation evolved, they learned that the biggest part of the money was a trade for government support in the Congress, meaning that most of the government bills were bought by stollen money. I'm sure nobody really think that it's a fair democratic use of states companies.
The latest chapter in the Lava a Jato process, was the prison of the Workers Party campaign manager and the owners of the Presidential's campaign marketing company. It happened because there were proof that some stollen money was also used to pay campaign bills.
I believe now you can have a fair explanation of what's happening in the presidential impeachment process in Brazil.
Juliano Zaiden Benvindo
Dear Davi,
I need however to point out four central aspects, especially because, as you also said, it is important that the international audience has a better overview of what is happening right now in Brazil:
1) The reasons for the impeachment are certainly complex. But, first, they are not, at least as it is in the very scope of the impeachment bid, related to the Car Wash investigation. You can argue that there might be some connection with the Worker's Party and so on, but, strictly speaking, this is not what you find as one of the motives of the impeachment. We cannot make this confusion, which is what we normally read in the newspapers, because it creates the false impression that President Dilma Roussef is being formally impeached because of this corruption scandal, which is not true.
2) Even if it were one of the motives, the Car Wash investigation has not, at least until now, directly involved President Dilma Roussef. In fact, it has directly involved some central congressmen who voted for her impeachment, as the lower house speaker, Eduardo Cunha, a strong and decisive player here, by the way.
3) The impeachment bid has, as its central argument, President Dilma Roussef's alleged violation of fiscal laws by using some funds from state banks to balance the budget. But this is, in my opinion, a flimsy and fragile argument for such a serious proceeding, especially because this is nothing new: most presidents and governors have done the same proceeding, maybe, however, not with the same intensity. And this is related to her previous term, which , in principle, could not be cause for an impeachable offense according to the legislation.
4) In any case, this post did not delve strongly into the reasons for the impeachment but rather into how the Brazilian Supreme Court has behaved during such a proceeding. In previous posts also published here on I-CONnect, I examined the historical and contextual background of the impeachment legislation. In these other posts, I explained that the reasons for this confusion about the scope, limits, and functioning of the impeachment proceedings are related to the "proto-parlamentarian" nature of our legislation and the presidential feature of our constitution. I also examined how this whole situation can deal with our constitutional history and process of democratization. For more, please see: http://www.iconnectblog.com/2015/08/why-impeachment-brazilian-democracy-revisited/ ; http://www.iconnectblog.com/2015/12/institutions-matter-the-brazilian-supreme-courts-decision-on-impeachment/ .
I really appreciate your comments. I just think however that, beneath all this confusion, there are more structural reasons for this impeachment. In my sincere opinion, none of those reasons we usually read in the newspapers are indeed the main reasons for what is going on. Self-preservation of the political elites might be a better translation of our reality right now.


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May in the Summer
August 17, 2014 Unger the Radar Leave a comment
Movies that deal with dysfunctional families are often the basis of goofy romps punctuated by the frequent belly laugh. We all have relatives who drive us up the wall and provide for ridiculous yet grounded situations. While many family comedies go this route on screen, May in the Summer goes a different route, that of realism, grit, and honesty. It is an indie dramedy that reflects many of our base feelings when it comes to our loved ones. It isn't loud, flashy, or insane. It is simple, genuine, and a mirror of how families actually operate.
Meet May (Cherien Dabis), a confident young woman one month away from getting married. She ventures to Amman, Jordan, where her born-again Christian mother (Hiam Abbass) and her two younger sisters (Alia Shawkat and Nadine Malouf) reside. During the preparation for the upcoming nuptials, May embarks on a very personal journey in which she questions the wedding at all. Her self-discovery is accompanied by at the appearance of a local adventurer (Elie Mitri) and the awkward and forced relationship from her estranged father (Bill Pullman).
May in the Summer is May's show through and through. Everyone in the cast is there to populate her world, some for the better and sadly, some for the worse. The film follows May as she gets closer and closer to marriage and the relationship she has with her mother is tested and examined. The same can be said about her two sisters, one of whom is a sarcastic sourpuss and the other, a ditsy party girl. Her father, who pops up, wants to get back into his daughters' lives but this proves difficult because his new wife is barely older than May is. All of these people fill up May's life and with her wedding plans stressing her out and her family all over the place, things are turning out to be more hectic by the minute.
Writer/director/star Cherien Dabis (Amreeka, Make a Wish) has done an outstanding job with May in the Summer. It tells a serious story in a way that is very easy to digest, filled with powerful emotion, and is at times, really funny. It is an independent dramedy with heart and soul, humor, and Bill Pullman! His being in the film would normally be questioned but it is actually a really welcome casting choice. The man usually ends up in supporting roles and his being in May in the Summer is no exception. He is the divorced father of three Jordanian girls, trying hard to be a part of their lives, a far cry from the adventures of Lone Starr and President Whitmore.
May in the Summer has the makings of a terrific indie dramedy because it has the perfect blend of talented actors, a strong script, and a keen directorial eye. Dabis definitely has a gift when it comes to the three jobs she has taken on here. Writing, directing, and acting are all handled expertly well with May in the Summer. Dabis has the makings of a truly gifted filmmaker and one can only hope that her future projects are as good as this one.
Alia ShawkatAmreekaBill PullmanCherien DabisElie MitriHiam AbbassMake a WishMay in the SummerNadine Malouf
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text:
Q: HTTP GET fails when adding array in param, but will success using postman I have a URL that contains an array. When I print the URL, I get:
https://myurl.com?args=["2019-11-06T19:20:00Z", "2019-11-06T22:30:00Z"]

When I make a GET with postman, I can get a successful status code: Success 200
But when I do it with Go, I receive a status code: 502 Bad request
client := http.Client{}
    token := GetJWTToken()
    bearer := "Bearer " + token

    url := "https://myurl.com?args=[" + start.Format(time.RFC3339) + ", " + end.Format(time.RFC3339) + "]"

    req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", url, nil)
    if req != nil {
        req.Header.Add("Authorization", bearer)
        req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
    }
    resp, err := client.Do(req)
    bodyBytes, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    bodyString := string(bodyBytes)
    log.Info(bodyString) // Prints 502 Bad Gateway

I printed the 2 URLs, and they are exactly the same.
I tried to remove the "array" in the url, and it fails, obviously, because API is expecting this param, but it can reach the API.
So, I know where is the issue, but don't know how to fix it, I don't own the API, so I can't change it.
It seems postman is doing something under the hood, or what should be the difference between my code and postman request?

A: It's probably best not to build your URL manually. Use the proper tools:
addr, _ := url.Parse("https://myurl.com")
query := url.Values{}
query.Add("args", "[" + start.Format(time.RFC3339) + ", " + end.Format(time.RFC3339) + "]")
addr.RawQuery = query.Encode()

req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", addr.String(), nil)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Added by Peer Allan about 12 years ago. Updated almost 9 years ago.
who can speak/translate it into the correct language.
be more than happy to do it.
Makring this as duplicate as #1565, combining all these similar requests into "Custom Queries for /my/page"


Who was the mysterious Madame X, the model for John Singer Sargent�s most famous portrait, and what is the backstory on her scandalous slipping shoulder strap? This and other fascinating details are the subject of our latest art history exploration that parallels this summer�s John Singer Sargent exhibit at the Art Institute of Chicago.
Jeff Mishur is the owner of Art Excursions, a business that provides small group tours, travel consulting, lectures and private guiding. Mishur has his M.A. in Art History from Northern Illinois University and has taught at the university level formany years.


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Tenderfoot: A Review, Blog Tour, & Giveaway!
There is something about stories where regular people, living fairly regular lives, end up in some unknown world facing an adventure of a lifetime that calls to me. Maybe it's because life can be so daily? Or the routine that keeps sanity in my house can leave my mind screaming for some kind of shake up? Do you know what I'm saying?
Either way, I was pretty excited to get a chance to check out Abby Drinen's premier book that promised to take the reader away to a new land and on a serious adventure.
The diversity of the four Earthers was wonderful. Linnea, Sammy, Logan, and Daisy are completely different, from different parts of the world, and yet when they end up in a new world, they soon realize working together is the key to their survival, and the unity between them was refreshing, even though it had a rocky start.
I also enjoyed the visuals Drinen gives of Enova (the new world). The sana (sort of like water, but not) was interesting. The way she develops it throughout the story helps to keep the reader going, and makes it more real as the characters also learn slowly, through experience.
I wish I had connected with one of these characters. There ended up being about 8 regular characters, and I never once felt a pull towards any of them. Maybe it was the decision to give a different character's perspective for each chapter, or the fact that this is a setup book for a series, but I never once cared if a character really pulled through or not... which isn't good.
And, for regulars on Reading List this will sound like a broken record, I was greatly distracted by poor editing on the grammar and story structure. There were many small grammatical issues that alone should be ignored, but when they added up to so many, and I wasn't distracted by a great pull to a character it was just too much. Maybe the story structure issues spawned from an introductory book, but overall it was distracting for me.
I can only give this a three heart rating. I read the entire book, and it was fun enough, but for me, that is enough. All that being said, I know many fantasy/sci-fi fans will enjoy this, so do not be deterred by my noncommittal rating.
I was interested in Enova and the new world but somehow I never connected with any of the main characters... Or their guardians for that matter. With the lack of connection issues with editing and grammar stood out like a sore thumb and I simply could not ignore it.
This is certainly a teen fantasy book as the world and special capabilities of these earthens go through a crazy adventure. While this book did not interest me greatly, I am sure young high fantasy fans would get into this story as it is full of spins and twists. Overall it is completely clean and acceptable for young teen readers.
I would suggest this for teen readers who enjoy fantasy, sci-fi, new world series. While there are some flirtatious scenes, it is clean and harmless, only a few times alluding to previous decisions made on earth. And there is some violence that fits right into the sci-fi genre, but nothing unexpected or mature. As far as the adult sci-fi fans... this one might be a little young. That might be why I personally did not connect... but then again, I am only one person.
Enter to win prizes, including a kindle fire and signed copies of Tenderfoot, by subscribing to the author's newsletter! See flyer for additional giveaway info!
How often have you picked up a book that friend was not impressed with and then loved it? Do you allow others to completely influence your choices, or do you go with your gut when it comes to picking out books?
Check out where I share my posts!


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text:
PRIME TV NETWORK™ THE FIRST ROGUE NEWS NETWORK!
With technology expanding at an incredible rate Prime TV Network Inc. quickly sought out to be a pioneering leader in the new broadcast world of connected TV! With Prime TV Network™ as a launching pad it has enabled us to put together a collection of over 400 movies, tv shows and music videos. Everyday we are adding to this collection and have big plans to be available on multiple devices. We are currently available on ROKU, Google Play, iTunes, Amazon Fire, Kindle Fire, Samsung Smart TV's worldwide. While working with our software developers to make us available on all platforms in the near future. We are currently working on our mobile app network player.
Specializing in television, independent film and advertising, Prime TV Network™ is a self-producing company that is reliant on its artistic co-workers and cutting edge marketing strategies. Prime TV Network™ has successfully produced multiple television series, Feature Film, Short Films and Online Media projects.
Prime TV Network® Studio
We have our own in house 24/7 weather station to report our direct weather details. Not a feed from an outside source. Making our operation truly independent


If you're running an ecommerce site in India you already know how costly each click on Adwords is. And each organic click is worth its weight in gold. Therefore SEO has to be an integral part of your Digital Marketing strategy.
However, SEO keeps changing and it's not possible to stay on top of every little Google update. So here's a summary of the most important SEO factors that impact your ecommerce rankings and seo best practices for 2015. Now there's no excuse for not staying informed.
Many of these SEO tips are relevant to non-ecommerce sites as well.


text:
"No, You're Not Going to Shut Me Up"
The Day Rep. Renitta Shannon Wouldn't Sit Down for Georgia's Abortion Ban
Renitta Shannon and Cynthia R. Greenlee, with illustrations by Jane Mount
"I got to about twelve minutes, and the Speaker said the lady needs to wrap up her speech. And I just kept talking over the Speaker. So then about a minute later, the Speaker cut my mic."
First things first: Representative Renitta Shannon, who represents Georgia's 84th district in the state's legislature, was raised a PK—a preacher's kid. In her father's Primitive Baptist church—one so doggedly literal that it frowned upon 11 a.m. Sunday communion because the practice debuted at the Last Supper, that world-changing evening meal—she absorbed and sometimes questioned the contradictory. White Jesus floating above Black parishioners. The faithful women of the flock barred from the pulpit. Her father, a conservative pastor who took his children to protest George W. Bush's "No Child Left Behind" policy. The imperative and power of "testifying" in the Black evangelical lexicon: speaking one's truth—even, and especially, painful, self-implicating truths—before an audience of witnesses.
So it may have been preordained that Shannon would not be silenced once she took office. She came out as the first bisexual lawmaker in the Georgia assembly. Known as a reproductive justice advocate before her election, she speaks publicly about having an abortion while a college student, counting the pennies she earned as a Cracker Barrel server to pay for the procedure.
In March 2019, Shannon took the podium at Atlanta's gold-domed Capitol. And she refused to relinquish the floor during the House's debate about HB 481. That Republican-backed measure drew national attention as part of a wave of state laws that attempted to ban abortion as early as six weeks into pregnancy—when most people aren't yet aware they've conceived. (It remains legally blocked.) Shannon was physically removed from the dais by security for staging her one-woman filibuster in a state legislature that doesn't allow that delaying tactic. She made the news and waves in her own party. But she's not sorry. Here is an excerpt of our conversation, in which she talks about why she wouldn't step down and why fellow Democrats need backbone and imagination.
This conversation has been condensed and edited.
Rep. Renitta Shannon refuses to stop her one-woman filibuster on March 7, 2019, despite pleas from Democratic colleagues. Courtesy of Hyosub Shin/Atlanta Journal-Constitution via AP.
Cynthia Greenlee: I gather you are, as some folks say, now "happily unchurched."
Renitta Shannon: I would have a lot of conflicts where I would ask questions [about things] that just didn't make any sense, looking at gender roles and white Christianity, which is essentially what it is even though this was an all-Black church, you know.
It is interesting because I am the first [known] bisexual person to be elected in Georgia. Well, my dad, before he passed away, was doing activism to say that all of these new churches that are starting to marry gay people, that's not right. That was "straying" away from the Bible. But my dad was not a Bible thumper. He was one of those people that if you asked him for a solution to a problem, he would say, "In my opinion, I would pray." But he wasn't the kind of pastor that would get on a street corner with a megaphone, although his whole world revolved around religion.
CG: You talked about your abortion story several years ago. There's video of you online talking about how you were at the University of Florida, making money to support yourself by waiting tables. And doing the math about how many shifts it would take to pay for your $500 procedure.
RS: I had an abortion in college, but because I've been always so independent, I paid for my own abortion. I didn't discuss it with my family. Because the main thing you don't do is be gay. That's No. 1. Don't do that. That's worse than anything else. You could kill somebody, and I've literally seen acceptance for that. But you definitely cannot be gay. And then the second thing is, obviously, you can't have an abortion.
My dad passed away. He never knew that I had an abortion, because I didn't feel that that was anyone's business. He certainly wasn't alive to see me get elected or talk about my abortion story or being queer or anything like that.
CG: When did you first hear about HB 481, or that there would be something coming legislatively to ban abortion?
RS: In early 2019. At that point, I didn't think we were going to see an abortion bill. A couple of months later, we start to hear rumblings the Republicans were going to pass a trigger bill [meaning] if Roe falls, which Trump is trying to make happen, then, boom, this would outlaw abortion immediately.
But at the same time, 481 was already in the legislature. It had already been filed and everybody—even Republicans who are secretly pro-choice—thinks [the bill to watch was] going to be the trigger bill. . . . Then, we started to hear [the gop wanted] to switch from the trigger bill to 481, [which meant] there was a whole lot of problems amongst Republicans. You approach some of the [moderates] in hiding, and they'd say they just hope that none of this comes to the floor so that they don't have to vote on it. They were all like, No, no, no, no, no, don't do the 481 [and] let's just keep the trigger bill, because at least that one gives us the shield of "They've done it at the federal level." It doesn't get them in trouble. It's easier for them to explain to their constituents, but 481 proactively pretty much outlaws abortion. They didn't want any part of it.
But I don't give them any credit. . . . I have no sympathy for anybody who says, "Well, I don't really agree with this, but I'm going to vote for it because my party's making me." No, my party can't make me vote for things. You've got the same freedom.
CG: So at what point did you decide to share your abortion story and stage an intervention?
RS: I was talking with [Republican] Sharon Cooper, who is the chair of the health and human services committee, which is where this bill went through. I was talking with her every week to get updates about, are they really going to put this one on the floor? At one point, she said, "I'm getting pressured to put this on the floor." I said, "OK, what day is this going to be on the floor?"
Do you know about Crossover Day?
CG: No, I don't. Tell me.
RS: So the Georgia Constitution says we're in session for forty days. Crossover Day is the halfway point in session. [The] significance of Crossover Day, which is like day nineteen or day twenty, is, usually, if a bill has not passed either the House or the Senate by that point, it's dead for the rest of the session. So, basically, we're trying to run out the clock.
[The committee chairwoman] was superseded several times, literally, by men in the committee, the Republican leadership who were standing there saying, "Hurry up." Like, they knew she was delaying. They were like, "No, you're not going to let all these people speak." Give everybody one minute to speak. And that's it.
I had said to myself, "OK, I'm trying to work with these people with this bill to not let this shit come to the floor." But if they put this bill on the floor, I had promised myself I would make Speaker [David Ralston] physically remove me because, coming from an activist background, I am no stranger to direct action. My plan was to go down there and speak so long that I would cause such a ruckus that the speaker basically would have to shut down the session for recess and hopefully [kill the bill]. Usually, they like to do the worst bills late at night and Crossover has to end by 12 a.m. . . . We get in there at 8 a.m., and we don't leave until [midnight].
CG: So what are your Democratic colleagues doing?
RS: The Democrat caucus? They weren't doing anything. They were like, "Yeah, we're just going to vote. No, we're in the minority. We can't do anything. So yeah, we're just going to vote." That's their plan for everything: Just to lose by voting. Never anything outside of the box. . . . I have done Fight for 15 rallies where we walk into McDonald's and just start yelling "Fight for 15!" so everybody will understand that this is an issue. You cannot just look the other way on it.
[Then Shannon spoke to the house dean and said,] "I'm just telling you, if they put this bill on the floor, I'm going to act a fool. I'm just telling you." I knew that if I was going to force the speaker to remove me, the dean would be the person who would come up and try to get me down. . . . So he said, "If they put this bill on the floor, that would be the worst thing I've seen in forty-five years." In the end, he said, "Usually, I would tell you not to do something. But I think you should let it rip if they actually do that. . . ." I thought he was the only person I would have to worry about. [I knew] I'll probably get in a lot of trouble, but at least [it was worth trying to stop] the abortion bill because they would have to work on it, come back, and try again next year.
I printed off a bunch of stuff [to read], ready to talk. I was allotted ten minutes because, actually, I was a speaker for the caucus, which is called the "minority report." The party in the minority gets to speak for twenty minutes total, but ten minutes to say why they disagree with the bill. Then I got to about twelve minutes, and the speaker said the lady needs to wrap up her speech. And I just kept talking over the speaker. So then about a minute later, the speaker cut my mic. OK.
Which is another interesting story about how they got the technology to cut mics. That also was a result of another Black woman refusing to stop singing a song—before I ever got there in the legislature. And I didn't even know that, I guess it was like 2010 or something. There was a Black woman elected who went up and started singing an old Negro spiritual and [wouldn't] stop. And so they installed something where the speaker could cut off the mic from where he is. So this is the second time Black women have said, "No, you're not going to shut me up." We're at about thirteen minutes now and the speaker [is saying,] "The lady needs to leave the well."
CG: So who are all the people who start coming to the podium? You can hear someone saying, "Back away."
RS: The first person you see run up in the video is a young Black guy, who is the [minority whip] for Democrats. Every person you saw coming up to sit me down, not one of them is a Republican. Not one. Now, we're friends, and he came up and he grabbed my wrist. You saw, he tried to take the papers away from me . . . like, "Come on, we need you. You don't have to do this." So I—kind of like how a parent would do through their teeth, like when you're in a store [with a misbehaving child] and you're not trying to make a big production—I said through my teeth, "Go and sit the fuck down." Trying not to let the public see that I was telling him to get away from me. And that's when he threw up his hands. So then you see a bunch of white men in the background riding around, trying to figure out what to do, because . . . they understand that this is not business as usual for me.
So then the speaker sends the tall Black man you see in the gray suit who's standing next to me. That person is not a legislator, but the speaker's bodyguard. I do believe they specifically sent a Black man because they knew it [would look] bad if a white officer came down there and tried to put his hands on me. What people couldn't see in the video was he was using his body to edge me off the stage so he wouldn't have to touch me. He was just using his body to push me further to the right, trying to kind of like bump me where you couldn't see it so that I would get offstage. He kept turning around, looking to get direction from somebody, like, "What do I do?" Whatever. Because Georgia also has a law that legislators can't be arrested during active session.
CG: But more people are there.
RS: There's a crowd of people around me. They are all up there saying, "Baby, baby, don't do this. You need to sit down." Pretty much just the folks who are not interested in resisting in the caucus, they were coming up there to ask me to sit down. So at that point, I was really angry because not one Republican is up here asking me to sit down. But you got Democrats asking me to stop protecting women's bodily autonomy. And why are Democrats coming up here to ask me to sit down? They should be joining me in saying we're not going to leave!
What you hear in the video [urging them to leave her alone] is Park Cannon [another Black junior representative who's also told her abortion story publicly] telling them to sit down. But she's trying to not say it too loudly because she doesn't want Republicans to understand fully that Democrats don't support me doing this. She's trying to tell them guys, "Back away from her. Leave her alone. She knows what she's doing."
Finally, the police officer next to me looks up to the police officers in the gallery, throws up his hands like, "I don't know what else to do with her. I'm just going to have to grab her." That's when he grabbed me and pulled me offstage. The only reason that I went—because I was going to take it further than that—was because of the embarrassment [of the Democratic caucus appearing divided]. [If fellow Democrats] would not have come up, I feel that my plan would have worked. I do. I went back to my seat. All this happened about 10:30 at night. This took about twenty-seven minutes. The bill ended up passing with ninety-two votes. One Democrat voted for it.
CG: So I'm assuming it didn't end with that. Were there repercussions for you? You referenced the fact you'd done the minority report representing the party a number of times. Did that continue?
RS: This session, this year, I've only gone to speak one time at the mic. But I'm not giving any minority speeches because giving the report requires the trust of the caucus and a lot of [the Democrats], the white members specifically, were very upset [and] were all going to the leader of the caucus saying, "I can't believe you let her do this." You know, like these men are able to control me? We're all adults here. One even threatened to resign.
The caucus leadership call[ed] me in and asked me to make an apology to the caucus. I told him, I absolutely will not make an apology to the caucus because I don't have anything to apologize for. . . . And then they said the caucus is really torn up and they said that they're really scared of you. I said that what I think is very funny is [that] not one of these people has come to me directly, and they know where to find me. So why is that? If you're afraid to talk to your colleague about how you feel about what I did, then how are you going to fight Republicans?
This interview first appeared in the Women's Issue (vol. 26, no. 3: Fall 2020).
Rep. Renitta Shannon (Democrat) represents Georgia's 84th District. She is a reproductive justice advocate who has spoken about her personal abortion experience and sponsored bills on improving maternal health, among others. She is also a cofounder of Her Term, an initiative to elect progressive women in Georgia. Visit her website at www.renittashannon.com.
Cynthia R. Greenlee is a historian, writer, and editor at Colorlines. In 2020, she won a James Beard Foundation Award for food writing, and she's coauthor of The Echoing Ida Collection, an anthology of Black writing about reproductive and social justice (forthcoming January 2021). Read more of her work at cynthiagreenlee.com.
Header image: Thousands of protesters gathered at the Georgia State Capitol building to march in opposition to the HB481, May 25, 2019, Atlanta, Georgia. Photograph by Steve Eberhardt/ZUMA Wire/Alamy Live News.
Women's Issue
Cynthia R. Greenlee
Renitta Shannon
Carving A Path For Those Who Will Follow
Speaking of Feminism: Andrea Pino


text:
Methles cribratellus é uma espécie de insetos coleópteros pertencente à família Dytiscidae.

A autoridade científica da espécie é Fairmaire, tendo sido descrita no ano de 1880.

Trata-se de uma espécie presente no território português.

Referências

Ligações externas
 Methles cribratellus - Biodiversity Heritage Library - Bibliografia
 Methles cribratellus - NCBI Taxonomy Database
 Methles cribratellus - Global Biodiversity Information Facility
 Methles cribratellus - Encyclopedia of Life

Coleópteros de Portugal
cribratellus
Coleópteros descritos em 1880

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Automated trading of standard online display ad units is becoming commonplace. But fancier, more engaging new ad formats can also now benefit from this technology.
"IAB rising star units are often though of as upper-funnel, very branding, engaging tactics that aren't associated with programatic," says Sarah Warner, trading manager of GroupM's programmatic unit, Xaxis.
Unlike conventional static display, IAB rising star formats include filmstrips, expanding toolbars, sidebars and more.
Warner was one of the speakers at the Beet.TV video advertising summit on "outstream" advertising presented by Ebuzzing & Teads. Please find more videos from that event here.


Well Aberdeen Jazz festival is over for another year, I was hugely privileged to be involved in a number of projects playing with some fantastic musicians, and met loads of really nice people.
The highlight was of course playing in the Aberdeen Jazz Orchestra alongside Jacqui Dankworth, Helena Kay, Richard Ingham, the specially formed Ellington Choir, and the Aberdeen University Big Band performing Duke Ellington's Sacred Concert. Conducted by Pauline Black, we filled St Machar Cathedral to capacity in what was a truly memorable gig, definitely one to be remembered.
Also loved playing a funky set with my trio JCB (Andy James, Bryan Chalmers, Colin Black), it's always great playing with these guys, and having the opportunity to perform some of our original material, definitely something I don't do enough of. We were also joined by special guest Helena Kay on tenor for a set of choice jazz standards, and what an amazing player she is.
The icing on the cake of this perfect week was fitting in a late sunday night gig with the amazing Copper Cats alongside Alison Affleck and Colin Steele, playing 1930's swing, not strictly part of the festival, but hugely enjoyable.


text:
package javax.validation.constraints;

import javax.validation.Constraint;
import javax.validation.Payload;
import java.lang.annotation.Documented;
import java.lang.annotation.Repeatable;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.ANNOTATION_TYPE;
import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.CONSTRUCTOR;
import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.FIELD;
import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.METHOD;
import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.PARAMETER;
import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.TYPE_USE;
import static java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME;

/**
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 *
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 */
@Target({ METHOD, FIELD, ANNOTATION_TYPE, CONSTRUCTOR, PARAMETER, TYPE_USE })
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public @interface Null {
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    @Target({ METHOD, FIELD, ANNOTATION_TYPE, CONSTRUCTOR, PARAMETER, TYPE_USE })
    @Retention(RUNTIME)
    @Documented
    @interface List {
        Null[] value();
    }
}


The Senior PR Manager is responsible for the Holland & Barrett PR strategy and programming, across both Consumer PR and Corporate PR. They also oversee the management with our Group PR agency ( Pegasus PR).
Reporting into the Director of Group communication the Senior PR Manager is a key team member in developing the overall Group communication mix, providing strategic as well as tactical expertise within their principle.
As a senior member of the team, they are also responsible of leading and developing one direct report who's responsibility mainly lies in executing our UK program initiatives.
Moreover the Senior PR manager is also responsible for sharing best practise and learning for PR across the International marketing teams (in conjunction with our Head of Marketing International, ensuring we stay true to our customer centric and data driven marketing approach in everything we do.
Strategy Development: Leading work alongside Group Director of Communication in developing the Holland & Barrett PR strategy.
Corporate PR: Creating key newsworthy corporate PR initiatives building on our Brand Purpose and company Beliefs to 'get H&B out there' and talked about as a trusted leader and innovator in the health & wellness space. This involves both planned and responsive PR to topics as they are trending.
Consumer PR: Developing and and implement a strong consumer PR program based the H&B strategy and insight around 'Customer health and wellness Missions', making sure initiatives are aligned and work with the understanding of the full customer funnel and 'communication eco system', including social media.
Internal PR: Championing the program of internal PR to spread the word of good news, key initiatives and learning across the organisation, contributing to build the desired company culture.
Events & Sponsorship: Drive a cohesive PR strategy around our partners and sponsorships (currently Leicester Tigers) in a way that builds into our overall strategic Brand objectives.
Data driven : Be a champion of customer centric data driven decision making, ensuring 'the customer is always in the room' when decisions are made. Working alongside Group Head of insight to implement effective learning programs for PR initiatives.
Holland & Barrett is one of the nation's most loved and trusted brands, known for offering quality health food, vitamins and supplements all sold by highly trained and qualified advisors.
Join us and see how far you can go???