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by Multiple Authorship | January 20th, 2020
What a difference an Annual Physical Exam makes
This year, my PCP decided to go 'Concierge' and we got called by the PA for our annual physical. Makes no sense to join a concierge practice, as we have access to and are surrounded by physicians of all specialties at work. We went for our blood work. and had all manner of tests. What stuck out was that we were at the 2nd percentile of wellness for our age group. So we went for the laying on of hands. I should add, that I had undergone a medical insurance exam just weeks before. I had also cleaned and tested my stethoscope, probably less than three months earlier. So when the PA noted a 'very loud murmur', it was not unreasonable for me to grab her stethoscope, yelling 'give me that'. And there it was - one of the loudest earliest diastolic murmurs, I ever heard. She sent out an electronic referral to one of the largest cardiovascular groups in town. I came home and called for an appointment. I was told they had not yet received the referral. They would call me as soon as the referral arrived. OVER THREE WEEKS LATER, I AM STILL WAITING FOR THE CALL. MORE ON THIS LATER.
Fortunately, my daughter is a veterinary cardiologist. She found the murmur equally impressive. She did a mobile ECHO that demonstrated a 5.4 cm aortic aneurysm extending from the root of the aorta to the innominate artery. After brief discussions with the cardioogist on-call at my hospital and more specifically, my very experienced surgery colleague, we opted to go for a CTA to 'get more data'. The CTA confirmed the aneurysm. We decided to transfer to the University Hospital, where two days later, I underwent a BioBentall procedure with replacement of the aortic valve, root and anterior aortic arch. I am still waiting to the referral!!
Multiple Drugs Advance for Fatty Liver Disease
Laird Harrison
SAN FRANCISCO — Although numerous drugs for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) have shown positive results in phase 2 clinical trials, the cure might lie in combinations of drugs with different mechanisms, experts say.
In fact, curing NASH might turn out to be as challenging as curing type 2 diabetes, said Sidney Barritt IV, MD, from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Unlike hepatitis C, which can be treated with the blockbuster antiviral drugs that have recently proven so effective, NASH is more complicated because there are no effective drugs to treat it.
With the obesity epidemic, NASH is increasingly common, and results from phase 2 trials attracted throngs of conference-goers with questions here at The Liver Meeting 2018.
Some of the results look encouraging, Barritt told Medscape Medical News. "I think they're clinically significant."
Phase 2 results have been positive for MGL-3196 (Madrigal Pharmaceuticals), GS-9674 (Gilead Sciences), NGM282 (NGM Bio), arachidyl amido cholanoic acid (Aramchol, Galmed Pharmaceuticals), tropifexor (Novartis), and VK2809 (Viking Therapeutics).
All the drugs reduced liver fat measured with MRI-derived proton density fat fraction (PDFF). The drugs also improved various other measures of the disease, such as NASH Activity Score, fibrosis, and alanine aminotransferase.
These NASH agents add to the four already in phase 3 trials: obeticholic acid (Ocaliva, Intercept Pharmaceuticals), elafibranor (Genfit), selonsertib (Gilead), and cenicriviroc (Tobira Therapeutics).
But no clear winner has emerged from these studies. It's hard to know how well the biomarkers measured in trials will protect patients from sickness and death, Barritt explained. NASH destroys the liver gradually; most of its victims die from the heart disease or cancer that results from this damage, which takes decades.
The real test is going to be real-world efficacy. Are the drugs going to have the impact that we expect them to have based on the clinical trial data?
"The real test is going to be real-world efficacy," he said. "Are the drugs going to have the impact that we expect them to have based on the clinical trial data?"
The development of NASH is mostly related to lifestyle factors, such as overeating and lack of exercise, so there is no obvious target for a drug as there is with a virus. As a result, drug makers have focused on various aspects of inflammation, fat accumulation, and scar formation.
Like obeticholic acid, GS-9674 and tropifexor are farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonists, which help regulate bile acids, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity. They also play a role in growth and regeneration after liver injury.
MGL-3196 and VK2809 are thyroid hormone-receptor beta agonists designed to mediate the effects of the thyroid hormone on the liver, on low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, on triglycerides, on fatty liver, and on insulin sensitivity.
Arachidyl amido cholanoic acid inhibits stearoyl CoA desaturase. It has a "dual mode of action on liver fibrosis, downregulation of steatosis, and a direct effect on hepatic stellate cells, the human collagen-producing cells," according to Galmed Pharmaceuticals.
The potential for all these approaches was evident in the phase 2 results presented. But the most effective treatments might be a combination of drugs that act on different pathways, said Keyur Patel, BM, from Duke University in Durham, North Carolina, who is a GS-9674 investigator.
In a separate phase 2 trial now underway, Gilead is testing the combination of GS-9674 plus selonsertib, a small-molecule inhibitor of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), plus GS-9676, an acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitor, Patel told Medscape Medical News.
Early Transplant in Alcoholic Hepatitis Feasible
by Michael Smith, North American Correspondent, MedPage Today October 23, 2017
WASHINGTON -- Selected patients with a failing liver owing to alcoholic hepatitis, but who have not been abstinent for several months, can still have "acceptable" short-term survival after transplant, a researcher said here.
In a retrospective analysis of patients in 12 transplant centers, 1-year survival was 94% over a median follow-up of 1.6 years, according to Brian Lee, MD, of the University of California San Francisco.
But the survival rate fell to 84% after 3 years, largely owing to continued alcohol use after the transplant, Lee said at the Liver Meeting, the annual conference of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD).
"Sustained alcohol was the strongest predictor of post-transplant death," Lee said.
There are no effective therapies for long-term survival in severe alcoholic hepatitis, which has about a 70% mortality rate after 6 months, Lee noted. A transplant can be life saving, he added.
But most U.S. centers won't perform a transplant unless the patient has been abstinent for at least 6 months, although there is recent research suggesting that an early procedure -- ignoring the 6-month rule -- can be beneficial in selected patients.
Concierge Medicine: 6-11-2017
The day after my friend sent me a link to this NY Times article: https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/03/business/economy/high-end-medical-care.html , I met a real life concierge internist at a meeting. Full disclosure, I told him that I ran a website FindADoc.Com and that concierge physicians looking to attract patients could do worse that become Featured Docs on FindADoc. He has a patient base of 200 souls and charges $3000 a year, which I quickly translated to $600k a year. He has minimal overheads. No nurses, NP or PA. Patients have direct access to his cell phone 24/7. When I told him about this article, and the fact that the charge is up to $80,000 a patient or family, I could feel his jaw drop as he made the quick calculation!
In truth, this really is nothing new. At a well-known hospital in the Upper East Side, NY, much larger sums of money change hands, just not quite like that, or so openly. For $700m, you can build a new Pavillion with your name on it. Or for $300 million, change the name of the hospital and medical school to yours! That way, when you call up with an ingrowing toe-nail, guess how long you mind have to wait to have it fixed!!
The Obesity Epidemic
The obesity epidemic now involves all 50 States and most of the globe. Tme metabolic syndrome is the most common manifestation of this epidemic.
Diet and exercise are the best cure. We anticipate significant interaction with our users as we all try and work out the most effective ways of keeping fit and healthy.
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Abbotsford nurse says vaccine returned hope
Kendall Skuta says people unsure should seek out good info to help decide
Matthew Claxton
Kendall Skuta got a bit of a weight lifted off her mind on Saturday, Dec. 19, when she became one of the first wave of health care workers in the Fraser Valley to receive the Pfizer coronavirus vaccine.
A nurse, Skuta works at both a hospital and a COVID-19 testing site, so she had been looking forward to receiving the vaccine.
For the most part, the vaccine is being given to lists of seniors care workers right now, as well as other front line workers who deal with the elderly.
But each batch of the Pfizer vaccine has to be thawed from -70° Celsius, and once thawed, it has to be used that day.
Any not used for those scheduled to get the shot is being given to other front line health workers or vulnerable people to ensure it does not go to waste. There has also been some "extra" vaccine, as vials were filled above what was strictly necessary by the factories.
"At the end of the day [Saturday] they had some left over," Skuta said.
READ MORE: Health Canada approves Moderna COVID vaccine; 1.2 million does of two vaccines expected by Jan. 31
She got her shot and shortly after took a photo grinning behind her mask and showing off the card showing she'd been vaccinated.
"To see the vaccine, I felt hopeful for the first time this year," Skuta said.
She's been through an anxious and frustrating year, she said.
Because she's around patients who could carry COVID, even with protective equipment, there's a constant worry about catching the coronavirus and bringing it home to her husband.
Her year has included a lot of Facetime calls with relatives instead of seeing them in person, she said.
More than that, she's been frustrated by false information spread about the coronavirus and its seriousness all year.
There's been a lot of disregard for the people who are dying, she said, with some discounting them, saying they had pre-existing conditions or were very old.
"A death is a death," Skuta said. "It's very hard to see people who don't take it seriously."
Although she's been vaccinated, it means no change in the way Skuta behaves at work or in public.
"We treat it [the vaccine] as if we didn't have it," she said.
The Pfizer and soon-to-arrive Moderna vaccines both require two shots to achieve the hoped-for immunity of around 95 per cent. But until there's widespread vaccination and numbers go down, anyone could still carry the virus.
To anyone who is apprehensive about getting the vaccine, Skuta says to do your research – but go to trusted, reliable sources of information.
"Stick to the facts," she said.
The Centre for Disease Control, health authorities, and governments are giving clear information about the vaccine and its possible side effects.
Make a personal choice after getting solid, reliable info, Skuta said.
abbotsfordCoronavirusFraser Health
One family's decision gives three people the ultimate gift on Christmas Day
'Grave risk:' Advocates say inmates should get speedy access to COVID-19 vaccine

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


CAMH's Drop-In Experience feature guided in-gallery discussions and pop-up activities that provide creative opportunities to experience the exhibitions on view in a unique and meaningful way.Led by our FAQ Team (Frequently Asked Questions), a group of artists and historians who assist with contextualizing CAMH's dynamic exhibitions for diverse audiences. Drop-In Experiences are available between 1-4PM every Saturday. All ages are welcome; admission is always free.


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Q: sending logs to multiple Azure Log analytics workspaces I have a scenario at my work where i need to send logs from multiple resources on azure to single log analytics workspace for compliance purpose and then ingest the same logs to Azure Sentinel workspace for SIEM services, i however cannot enable Azure Sentinel on the first workspace, any leads or solutions please.

A: Firstly I think your best option is to put everything into one log analytics workspace with the longer retention period but lets say that is not at all possible.
I can see 2 options here:
The easiest is probably to set up 2 diagnostic settings on each resource which points to the separate log analytics work spaces.
A much harder option would be to use continuous export into Azure Storage (which could be all you need to do) or event hub and then process this back into log analytics with an Azure function.
Last comments would be that your going to be paying for the data ingest twice no matter what is done here which will at least double your costs for the lower retention time.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Carriera

Club
Nella stagione 2019-2020 ha giocato una partita nei turni preliminari di Europa League.

Nazionale
Nel 2018 ha esordito nella nazionale lituana.

Statistiche

Cronologia presenze e reti in nazionale

Palmarès

Club

Competizioni nazionali

Zalgiris: 2014, 2015

Zalgiris: 2014-2015

Collegamenti esterni

Calciatori della Nazionale lituana

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


"Call" – To attract attention. To cry out loud. To summon help. To signal.
Is there a problem in my life right now and I need to call for God's help?
A few weeks ago my college roommate called. She lives in Canada and unfortunately we don't get to talk as frequently as we'd like. But when we do – it's as though we never missed a beat in each other's lives. For certain, our phone conversations aren't sprints, they are marathons. This last call was over three hours long. And I don't know where the time went. It seemed as though we'd been talking only a few minutes.
Perhaps you have family or friends that time just seems to fly when you're having a conversation with them. You can't wait to talk to them and you don't want to stop!
This is what God offers to us when He says: "Call Me!" I don't know about you, but I think this is an invitation that's impossible to turn down. Our Heavenly Father, who has a universe to run, has given us the number to His direct line and then looks at us and says, "Anytime, anywhere, for anything – dial 'Heaven 911' and I'll answer. No operator. No go-between. No machines." It's God we'll get on the other line. Don't take my word for it – here's what God has promised: "(She) shall call upon Me, and I will answer (her)" (Psalm 91: 15 K.J.V.). That's direct – simple – and plain. You call – I answer.
So now that we have it straight that we are to call and God will answer – what do we say when we get our "Father" on the line?
Over many years of reading books and using Bible Study Guides I have found all kinds of formulas for prayer. I've seen little "rote" prayers you repeat over and over again. And I'm not putting any of these techniques down. Anything that helps and assists us in communicating with our Father in heaven is beneficial.
However, I have found, for myself, that sometimes the "techniques" became more important than my direct communication. I found myself so concerned with saying the "right" words: I ended up not saying any words at all. Has this ever happened to you?
Well, one day, I was reading in the Psalms. And I have to tell you, David had some very direct conversations with God. David "spilled his guts" as we say, to God. You could never say David held anything back. He started out by saying to God, "Search me, look in me, and see if there is any evil in me." Would you say that to God? What if God said, "Yes, Dorothy, I see in the corner of your heart that you are holding a grudge – that needs to go." Now – I'd have to do something about that grudge – and would I really want to? That's what is so beautiful about the way David and Job and Jeremiah and Isaiah and Moses and other people in the Bible talked with God. They were open. They were honest. They laid it on the line. They didn't hold back. They talked to God like He was someone they could confide in. What's more – the technique they used to talk with God was unique to themselves. Let me explain. A number of years ago, my husband and I were in San Diego to visit a client. I had packed a lunch for us because that city has many lovely parks. We stopped to have lunch under some large spreading trees. When we finished eating, we got into a lively discussion about some issues at our company. My dear husband, who is Cuban, is in the habit of waving his arms when he talks. He gestures frequently and with great flair. As he was making a point, I noticed a rider on a bicycle coming up to our table. When I turned I saw it was a park policeman. "Is there a problem here he asked? Jim and I looked at each other like, "What are you talking about?" Then he continued directing his comments at Jim. "The way you were waving your arms and pointing at her (me), I thought you were mad and fighting." Jim and I burst into uncontrollable laughter and quickly explained that what to the policeman may have looked like a contentious battle was only a normal conversation between my dear, expressive husband and myself.
Sometimes the same thing happens in our communication with God. Someone tells you, this is how you should talk with God – but perhaps it's not in your personality to talk in that fashion. I have a friend with such a soft voice, I am certain her prayers are nearly whispers. And then there's the poem I read not long ago written by a girl who lives in the heart of New York City and she said that sometimes when she talks to God, she gets in her car, rolls up the windows and lets our a scream.
If you ever think God won't pay attention to you unless you talk to Him just right, remember that Job argued, Moses challenged, Adam hid in the bushes, Abraham begged, Paul pleaded, Martha chided, David cried, and Peter said, "Save me." Whether you rejoice, beg, cry, scream, praise, call, laugh, challenge, or even shake your fist at God in anger – He is listening. He doesn't turn a deaf ear to any voice that calls to Him.
All He asks us to do is call! No magic formula. No special words. Just look up to Heaven and call out any way that works for you – just say, "Dad –it's me. I called to tell you I love You! I called because I need you……." And before you know it you'll have talked for an hour – and you won't even know where the time went.
That's what calling your Heavenly Father is all about!
energies – like some efficient accountant.
Let us rather pray dangerously – unsafe, profligate, wasteful!
exuberant prayer, and completely unrealistic prayer.
Let us say Yes, again and again.
His Word I put my hope.
Wait and watch for God.


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Latest in Animation
Hulu Orders Kids Series 'Madagascar: A Little Wild', 'TrollsTopia' & 'The Mighty Ones' – TCA
Hulu is bolstering its kids programming slate with three new original series for premiere in 2020. The video streaming service has ordered Madagascar: A Little Wild, TrollsTopia and The Mighty Ones as part of its multi-year deal with DreamWorks Animation. The new series were announced today at TCA. Madagascar: A Little…
By Denise Petski
Meryl Streep To Narrate Animated Earth Day Short Film 'Here We Are' For AppleTV+
Meryl Streep, Chris O'Dowd, Jacob Tremblay and Ruth Negga will voice an exclusive animated Earth Day short film for AppleTV+, Apple said today. Here We Are: Notes for Living on Planet Earth will premiere April 17. The film follows a precocious 7-year-old (Tremblay, of Room fame) who, over the course of Earth Day…
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CalArts Counts 2020 Oscar Noms From Alums With 'Klaus', 'Ford v Ferrari' & More; Animated B.O. From All Grads Hits $48B+
EXCLUSIVE: Klaus, Ford v Ferrari, and animated shorts Sister and Hair Love repped Oscar nominations earned by alumni of The California Institute of the Arts (CalArts) yesterday. Since the creation of the Best Animated Feature Oscar category in 2001, 12 of the winning films were directed by CalArts alums with the last…
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This year at the Oscars, three first-time directors are in the running for Best Animated Feature—Toy Story 4's Josh Cooley, Klaus helmer Sergio Pablos and I Lost My Body's Jérémy Clapin. From the perspective of each director, this morning's results demonstrate what an exciting time it is to be in animation. "It's a…
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Caterina Gonnelli, the director of acquisitions and coproductions for Disney Channels EMEA, is joining Xilam Animation, the French animation studio behind Netflix series Oggy Oggy. Gonnelli will become Xilam's executive vice president of content on January 13 after more than eight years at Disney, where she worked…
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Jan 8, 2020 1:40 am
Fox's Michael Thorn On Net's Animation Expansion & Future Of 'The Simpsons', 'Bob's Burgers' & 'Family Guy'
Over the past year or so, Fox Entertainment has ordered four new animated comedy series. The push into animation kicked into high gear just as Disney started the process of acquiring key Fox assets, including 20th Century Fox Television, the studio behind Fox's venerable animated trio of The Simpsons, Family Guy and Bo…
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2008's Mr. Olympia and 3-time Arnold Classic winner is ready to cut out the competition. Dexter 'The Blade' Jackson is again one of the sharpest contenders at this year's Arnold Classic.
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Q: Not able to read file from jar in tomcat I have a web application running under tomcat 7, and in one of the class, Im trying to read a file in one of the jar under WEB-INF/lib folder.
URL resourceURL = MyClass.class.getClassLoader().getResource("xml/xslt/master.xsl");
File xslfile = new File(resourceURL.getPath());
AssertUtil.assertTrue(xslfile.exists(),"xsl file not found");

Both MyClass and master.xsl resides in the same jar and there is no issue with packaging. But above snippet fails in the assertion statement as xslfile.exists returns false. The URL correctly resolves to the location of the file inside the jar as given below
file:/<MY_WEBAPP_LOCATION>/MyApp/WEB-INF/lib/MyComponent.jar!/xml/xslt/master.xsl

where MY_WEBAPP_LOCATION corresponds to the absolute path to my tomcat servers webapp directory.
But if I rewrite the code as below to read as inputstream, it works fine.
InputStream xslFile = MyClass.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("xml/xslt/master.xsl");

Can anyone explain what is preventing the creation of File from the jar resource, whereas the inputstream creation is working perfectly fine. Is there any additional permission settings needed from tomcat side, to read a file inside jar ?
EDIT: One more observation, if the file is placed under WEB-INF/classes, creation of File with above code works fine. Issue is only when it is placed in a jar under WEB-INF/lib

A: Be careful it seems that ClassLoader.getResource does not handle relative path.
See this.
GetResourceAsStream happens to take the path relative to the ClassLoader (and not the class !!). I think you're lucky enough that there are the same here.

A: If it is a Desktop application getResource() will work
But as this is a web application the resource needs to be extracted from Context , hence getResoruceAsStream()

A: It is not a permission problem, but the use of java.io.File API - in particular constructor http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/io/File.html#File%28java.lang.String%29
When you are constructing File object using
File xslfile = new File(resourceURL.getPath());

you are using java.io.File#File(String) method which expects an "abstract pathname". What is an acceptable/valid pathname is described by javadoc of the File class: http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/io/File.html
String value that your are getting from getPath() method:
file:/<MY_WEBAPP_LOCATION>/MyApp/WEB-INF/lib/MyComponent.jar!/xml/xslt/master.xsl

simply does not constitute a valid "abstract pathname" - it is a URL that is converted to a java.lang.String (and IMHO should be returned with URL scheme of "jar" and not "file"). Therefore a call to
isExist()

returns false as there is no file with such name on your disk.
On the other hand if the resource is outside of a jar (e.g. under WEB-INF/classes directory) resourceURL.getPath() will return a value that presents a valid abstract pathname as the resource in question is indeed a simple file.
When you use java.lang.ClassLoader#getResourceAsStream(java.lang.String) the method streams out the resource directly into a java.lang.InputStream and might not even use File class in its implementation.


Below are the nutrition facts and Weight Watchers points for Medium Hi-c Fruit Punch from Sonic Drive-In .
There are 180 calories in a Medium Hi-c Fruit Punch from Sonic. Most of those calories come from carbohydrates (100%).
Is the Medium Hi-c Fruit Punch good for you?
Does the Medium Hi-c Fruit Punch taste good?


Take the road 222 from Stockholm towards Gustavsberg. Take off at Orminge Center. Pass the center and then follow the signs left towards Hasseludden. You will find Ett Litet Hotell after around 1 km on the right. A big white brick house with large windows. The distance from Slussen is 10 km. Park free of charge at the back of the Hotel.
Take bus number 444, 446 or 471 from Slussen. Get off at the bus stop Skarpövägen. See the map for the nearest way to us.


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Gordius of Cappadocia
Gordius (in Greek Γoρδιoς), a Cappadocian by birth, was the instrument of Mithridates Eupator (120–63 BC), king of Pontus, in his attempts to annex Cappadocia to Pontus. Gordius was employed by him, in 116 BC, to murder Ariarathes VI, king of Cappadocia. Gordius was afterwards tutor of a son of Mithridates, whom, after the murder of Ariarathes VII he made king of Cappadocia as Ariarathes IX. Gordius was sent as the envoy of Mithridates to Rome, and afterwards employed by him to engage Tigranes, king of Armenia, to attack Cappadocia, and expel Ariobarzanes I, whom the Romans made king of that country in 93 BC. Sulla restored Ariobarzanes in the following year, and drove Gordius out of Cappadocia. Gordius was opposed to Murena on the banks of the Halys, 83 or 82 BC.rf|1|just_38.1-3_app_66_plut_5
*Smith, William (editor); "Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology", [http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/1390.html "Gordius"] , Boston, (1867)
ent|1|just_38.1-3_app_66_plut_5 Justin, "Epitome of Pompeius Trogus", [http://www.attalus.org/translate/justin6.html#38.1 xxxviii. 1-3] ; Appian, "Foreign Wars", "The Mithridatic Wars", [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0230&query=section%3D%23545&chunk=section&layout=&loc=Mith.%2010.67 66] ; Plutarch, "Parallel Lives", "Sulla", [http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/Sulla*.html#5 5]
Strangers in the Night (UFO album)
Dudhsagar Falls
Ariarathes VI of Cappadocia — Ariarathes VI Epiphanes Philopator (in Greek Aριαράθης Eπιφανής Φιλoπάτωρ; reigned 130 ndash;116 BC or 126 BC ndash;111 BC), king of Cappadocia, was the youngest son of Ariarathes V. He reigned about 14 years (130 ndash;116 BC). He was a child at … Wikipedia
Laodice of Cappadocia — Laodice (in Greek Λαοδικη (Laodike)) was a sister of the king of Pontus Mithridates Eupator (120 ndash;63 BC) and the wife of Ariarathes VI (130 ndash;116 BC), king of Cappadocia. After the death of her husband, who was assassinated by Gordius,… … Wikipedia
Ariarathes VII of Cappadocia — Ariarathes VII Philometor (in Greek Aριαράθης Φιλομήτωρ; reigned 116 ndash;101 BC or 111 BC ndash;100 BC), king of Cappadocia, was son of king Ariarathes VI and wife Laodice. In his first years he reigned under the regency of his mother Laodice,… … Wikipedia
Ariarathes IX of Cappadocia — Ariarathes IX Eusebes Philopator (in Greek Aριαράθης Eυσεβής Φιλoπάτωρ; reigned c. 101 ndash;89 BC or 96 BC ndash;95 BC), was made king of Cappadocia by his father Mithridates VI king of Pontus after the assassination of Ariarathes VII. Since he… … Wikipedia
First Mithridatic War — Infobox Military Conflict conflict=First Mithridatic War partof=the Mithridatic Wars caption= A coin depicting MIthridates VI of Pontus. date=90 ndash; 85 BC place=Asia Minor, Achaea and the Aegean Sea. territory=Mithridates left in control of… … Wikipedia
Mauretania Tingitana — Province of Mauretania Tingitana highlighted Roman territories in the … Wikipedia
Caesarea — Caesarea † Catholic Encyclopedia ► Caesarea A Latin titular see, and the seat of a residential Armenian bishopric, in Cappadocia (Asia Minor). The native name of this city was Mazaka, after Mosoch, the legendary Cappadocian hero. It… … Catholic encyclopedia
January 3 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics) — Jan. 2 Eastern Orthodox Church calendar Jan. 4Fixed commemorationsAll fixed commemorations below are observed on January 16 by Old Calendaristsaints*Holy Prophet Malachi (400 B.C.) *Martyr Gordius, at Caesarea in Cappadocia (3rd century)… … Wikipedia
Lorgius — Saint Lorgius (it icon and es icon San Lorgio) is venerated as a martyr. He was martyred at Caesarea Mazaca, Cappadocia. Due to a confusion in names, Lorgius is sometimes identified with the saint named Gordius, a Roman centurion who disrupted a… … Wikipedia


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Posts filed under '16th Century'
1525: Klaus Kniphoff, pirate
Add comment October 30th, 2020 Headsman
Pirate Claus/Klaus Kniphoff was beheaded at Hamburg on this date in 1525.
He was the stepson of the former mayor of Malmö, a Hanseatic port on the southern reach of what is now Sweden, but which at the time answered to Danish sovereignty.
This was the very city where the 1524 treaty was inked settling the Swedish War of Liberation [from Denmark], and it was during this conflict that Kniphoff had taken from the Danish king Christian II a letter of marque authorizing him to prey on the merchant vessels of the Hanseatic League cities aiding Sweden's rebellion. His prolific piracy career outlasted the end of the war.
The Hanseatic League, merchant-cities for whom open sea lanes were paramount, were always bound to take a dim view of his privateering and they had good legal grounds since there was never a declared war between Denmark and the Hanse. Danish speakers can enjoy a detailed biography here (pdf).
1948: The Eilabun Massacre - 2019
1799: Sarah Clark, a melancholy instance of human depravity - 2018
1952: Wallace Ford, horrible in-law - 2017
1857: James Copeland, repentant gangster - 2016
1863: William Griffith, for the Marais des Cygnes massacre - 2015
1651: Terence Albert O'Brien, Bishop of Emly - 2014
1480: Cicco Simonetta - 2013
1885: George Miller, Inkster axster - 2012
1632: Henri II de Montmorency - 2011
2008: Greg Wright, still fighting for exoneration - 2010
1796: Lesurques, wrongly, and Couriol, rightly, for robbing the Lyons Mail - 2009
2007: Not Earl Wesley Berry ... for the time being - 2008
1537: Jurgen Wullenwever, Burgermeister of Lubeck
1573: Hans von Erschausen, Seeräuber
1578: Kort Kamphues, outlaw judge
1528: Ambrosius Spittelmayr
1528: Leonhard Schiemer, Anabaptist pacifist
1517: Konrad Breuning, Tübingen Vogt
1629: Thomas Schreiber, "thistles, thorns, and strife"
Entry Filed under: 16th Century,Beheaded,Capital Punishment,Death Penalty,Denmark,Execution,Germany,Hanseatic League,History,Piracy,Pirates,Public Executions,Torture,Wartime Executions
Tags: 1520s, 1525, hamburg, klaus kniphoff, october 30
1578: Nicolas Gosson, counterrevolved
Beheading of barrister Nicolas Gosson at Arras on October 26, 1578.
Presently in France, this town at the time was in the Spanish Low Countries during the unfolding Calvinist Dutch Revolt.
Gosson, "a man of great wealth, one of the most distinguished advocates in the Netherlands, and possessing the gift of popular eloquence to a remarkable degree, was the leader of this burgess faction" according to this public domain history. He mounted an urban coup in favor of the Orangist — one of several similar coups in the southern Low Countries, where ultras tried to force events upon less favorable terrain. "Inflamed by the harangues of Gosson, and supported by five hundred foot soldiers and fifty troopers under one Captain Ambrose, they rose against the city magistracy, whose sentiments were unequivocally for Parma, and thrust them all into prison. They then constituted a new board of fifteen, some Catholics and some Protetants, but all patriots, of whom Gosson was chief."
The not-so-patriotic faction — the so-called "Malcontents", noblemen and their supporters who were either repelled by Calvinist excesses or simply pleased to seek their advantage allying with Spain — turned back Gosson's revolution within days.
Baron Capres, the great Malcontent seignior, who was stationed with his regiment in the neighbourhood … marched into the city at the head of a strong detachment, and straightway proceeded to erect a very tall gibbet in front of the Hotel de Ville. This looked practical in the eyes of the liberated and reinstated magistrates, and Gosson, Crugeot, and the rest were summoned at once before them. The advocate thought, perhaps, with a sigh, that his judges, so recently his prisoners, might have been the fruit for another gallows-tree, had he planted it when the ground was his own …
The process was rapid. A summons from Brussels was expected every hour from the general government, ordering the cases be brought before the federal tribunal, and as the Walloon provinces were not yet ready for open revolt, the order would be an inconvenient one. Hence the necessity for haste … Bertoul, Crugeot, Mordacq, with several others, were condemned in a few hours to the gibbet. They were invited to appeal, if they chose, to the council of Artois, but hearing that the court was sitting next door, so that there was no chance of a rescue in the streets, they declared themselves satisfied with the sentence. Gosson had not been tried, his case being reserved for the morrow.
Meanwhile, the short autumnal day had drawn to a cloe. A wild, stormy, rainy night then set in, but still the royalist party — citizens and soldiers intermingled — all armed to the teeth, and uttering fierce cries, while the whole scene was fitfully illuminated with the glare of flambeaux and blazing tar-barrels, kept watch in the open square around the city hall. A series of terrible Rembrandt-like night-pieces succeeded — grim, fantastic, and gory. [Pierre] Bertoul, an old man, who for years had so surely felt himself predestined to his present doom that he had kept a gibbet in his own house to accustom himself to the sight of the machine, was led forth the first, and hanged at ten in the evening. He was a good man, of perfectly blameless life, a sincere Catholic, but a warm partisan of Orange.
Valentine de Mordacq, an old soldier, came from the Hotel de Ville to the gallows at midnight. As he stood on the ladder, amid the flaming torches, he broke forth into furious execrations, wagging his long white beard to and fro, making hideous grimaces, and cursing the hard fate which, after many dangers on the battle-field and in beleaguered cities, had left him to such a death. The cord strangled his curses. Crugeot was executed at three in the morning, having obtained a few hours' respite in order to make his preparations, which he accordingly occupied himslf in doing as tranquilly as if he had been setting forth upon an agreeable journey. He looked like a phantom, according to eye-witnesses, as he stood under the gibbet, making a most pious and Catholic address to the crowd.
The whole of the following day was devoted to the trial of Gosson. He was condemned at nightfall, and heard by appeal before the superior court directly afterwards. At midnight of the 25th of October 1578, he was condemned to lose his head, the execution to take place without delay. The city guards and the infantry under Capres still bivouacked upon the square; the howling storm still continued, but the glare of fagots and torches made the place as light as day. The ancient advocate, with haggard eye and features distorted by wrath, walking between the sheriff and a Franciscan monk, advanced through the long lane of halberdiers, in the grand hall of the Town House, and thence emerged upon the scaffold erected before the door. He shook his fists with rage at the released magistrates, so lately his prisoners, exclaiming that to his miplaced mercy it was owing that his head, instead of their own, was to be placed upon the block. He bitterly reproached the citizens for their cowardice in shrinking from dealing a blow for their fatherland, and in behalf of one who had so faithfully srved them. The clerk of the court then read the sentence amid silence so profound that every syllable he uttered, and every sigh and ejaculation of the victim, were distinctly heard in the most remote corner of the square. Gosson then, exclaiming that he was murdered without cause, knelt upon the scaffold. His head fell while an angry imprection was still upon hi lips.
This municipal revolution and counter-revolution, obscure though they seem, were in reality of very grave importance. This was the last blow struck for freedom in the Walloon country. The failure of the movement made that scission of the Netherlands certain, which has endured till our days.
A few months afterward, Malcontents, Catholics, and pro-Spain types sealed their alliance (maybe at breaks in their negotiations clapping shoulders as they reminisced about cutting down old Nicolas Gosson) with a pact called the Union of Arras.
1959: Frank Wojculewicz, paraplegic electrocution - 2019
1855: Jeremiah Craine - 2018
1781: Twelve Aymara rebels - 2017
2010: Jeffrey Landrigan, thiopentaled - 2016
1761: Richard Parrott - 2015
1964: Eric Edgar Cooke, the Night Caller - 2013
2000: Yopougon Massacre - 2012
1440: Gilles de Rais, unholy - 2011
1978: Seventeen officers in Somalia - 2010
1941: Masha Bruskina, Kiril Trus, and Volodia Shcherbatsevich, partisans - 2009
1864: Klatsassin and four fellow Tsilhqot'ins - 2008
1540: Thomas Cromwell
1794: Georges Danton and his followers
1548: Gonzalo Pizarro and Francisco de Carvajal
1521: The Comuneros of Castile
1430: Seven Parisian conspirators, during the Hundred Years War
1731: Jose de Antequera, Paraguayan comunero rebel
1591: Barnabe Brisson, at the hands of the Sixteen
Entry Filed under: 16th Century,Beheaded,Capital Punishment,Death Penalty,Execution,France,History,Lawyers,Politicians,Power,Public Executions,Spain,The Worm Turns,Treason,Wartime Executions
Tags: 1570s, 1578, arras, coup d'etat valentine de mordacq, dutch revolt, nicolas gosson, october 26, pierre bertoul
1526: Bianca Maria Gaspardone, the Insatiate Countess
On this date in 1526, Bianca Maria Gaspardone was beheaded at Milan's Castello di Porta Giova, the present-day Castello Sforzesco.
She was only about 26 years old, but onto her second* dynastic marriage — this to Renato di Challant.
As the story was later recorded in Matteo Bandello's Novelle,** the young woman had wealth and options, and with her husband off fighting in Milan's war against France, she indulged a series of boudoir intrigues — critically for our purposes, one Ardizzino Valperga, Count of Masino.
Per Bandello, the Lady of Challant grew annoyed by him and tried to dispose of him by provoking a quarrel between he and another of her lovers, the Count of Gaiazzo — but the two men compared notes and simply arrived at a mutual contempt for her.
The count made the sign of the cross, and all full of wonder said: Fie, shameless slut that she is. If it weren't a dishonor for a knight to imbrue his hands in the blood of a woman, I would gouge out her tongue through the back of her neck; but first I would like her to confess how many times she begged me with her arms on the cross, that I have you killed! And so they repeated in public and private the crimes of this dishonest woman until they were on every person's lips. She, hearing what these gentlemen said about her, even if she pretended no concern for it, was angry with indignation and thought of nothing else but to be highly avenged.
It was in those days in Milan there was one Don Pietro di Cardona, a Sicilian, who governed the company of his legitimate brother Don Artale. This Don Pietro was a young man of twenty-two, dark-faced but proportionate in body and melancholy appearance, who one day seeing Mrs. Bianca Maria fell wildly in love with her. She judging him to be a pigeon of first feather and instrument capable of doing what she so longed for, lured him to better ensnare and dazzle him. He, who had never before loved a woman of account, considering her to be one of the first in Milan, pined miserably for her sake. In the end she made it one night to go and sleep with him, and took such loving pleasure together that he believed himself to be the happiest lover in the world, and not long after asked the young man to kill the Count of Gaiazzo and Signor Ardizzino.
Don Pietro obligingly ambushed Signor Ardizzino and did him to death. Arrested thereafter, he was equally obliging in giving up his paramour as the moving spirit, and she foolishly admitted as much by trying to bribe her way out of trouble.
Don Pietro was permitted to flee from prison. But the unfortunate young woman, having confirmed her lover's confession with her own mouth, was condemned to have her head cut off. She, having heard this sentence, and not knowing that Don Pietro had run away, could not be prepared to die. At the end, being led onto the ravelin of the castle facing the square and seeing the block, she began to cry in despair and beg for the grace that, if they wanted her to die happy, they would let her see her Don Pietro; but she sang to the deaf. So the poor woman was beheaded. And whoever longs to see her face portrayed in life, should go to the Chiesa del Monastero Maggiore, and there he will see her painted.
Bandello's closing remark about her painting has commonly been understood to claim her as the model for this fresco of Saint Catherine of Alexandria by Leonardo da Vinci follower Bernardino Luini (1530). More recent research has cast doubt on that notion: scholars now prefer to reckon her image as that of a kneeling patron (along with her first husband) in a different image.
This tale made its way from Bandello's pen into subsequent literature, notably a Jacobean English sex-romp tragedy called The Insatiate Countess, and a 19th century Italian play, La Signora di Challant; the whole thing appears overall to have unrealized potential for digital-age revival as sultry costume drama for prestige television.
* First hubby Ermes Visconti was beheaded in 1519.
** Bandello's Novelle stories, which mix history and folklore, also include a version of the pre-Shakespeare Italian Romeo and Juliet drama.
2011: Muammar Gaddafi - 2019
1790: Joseph Mountain, Atlantic picaro - 2018
1575: Archbishop Leonid of Novgorod - 2017
1933: Dallas Egan, dancing - 2016
1939: Operation Tannenberg public mass executions begin - 2015
1858: Owen McQueeney, Green Tent Murderer - 2014
1571: Hans Haslibacher, Bern Anabaptist - 2013
1865: William Grant, evidently a ringleader, a persuader, and adviser - 2012
Daily Quintuple: The Morant Bay rebellion - 2012
2009: Four Tibetans - 2011
1401: Klaus Stortebeker, Victual Brother pirate - 2010
2005: Luis Ramirez, claiming innocence - 2009
1865: Champ Ferguson, Confederate guerrilla - 2008
1536: Anne Boleyn
1676: Marie-Madeleine-Marguerite d'Aubray, Marquise de Brinvilliers
1611: Three accomplices of Elizabeth Báthory, the Countess of Blood
1698: Guido Franceschini, The Ring and the Book inspiration
1425: Parisina Malatesta and Ugo d'Este, for incest
1679: The hot-blooded Lady Christian Nimmo
Entry Filed under: 16th Century,Arts and Literature,Beheaded,Capital Punishment,Crime,Death Penalty,Execution,History,Italy,Milan,Murder,Nobility,Public Executions,Scandal,Sex,Women
Tags: 1520s, 1526, adultery, bianca gaspardone, femme fatale, literature, matteo bandello, milan, october 20, theater
1546: Jorge Robledo, Popayan conquistador
2 comments October 5th, 2020 Headsman
Spanish conquistador Jorge Robledo was beheaded on this date in 1546
Robedo (English Wikipedia entry | the more detailed Spanish) emerges onto history's stage as a marshal from the train of Francisco Pizarro, dispatched to the new Spanish colony of Popayan in the Colombian Andes.
There he founded several still-extant cities, like Santa Fe de Antioquia.
After a few years back in the mother country, Robledo returned to Popayan intending to install himself as an authority in those cities or still better, the province as a whole — a project that necessarily pitted him against the incumbent boss Sebastian de Belalcazar. Several months' skirmishing produced a verdict for the latter, who had his rival publicly executed with several aides-de-camp.
Belalcazar himself was in 1550 condemned to death for this severity. He died of natural causes while preparing to sail for Spain to appeal it. Belalcazar has been in the news recently because a statue of him was torn down in 2020 in protest of centuries of brutality towards indigenous peoples.
1866: The Richard Burgess gang, for the Maungatapu Murders - 2019
1822: General Berton - 2018
1737: Five Johns - 2017
1802: Sanite Belair, tigress - 2016
1736: Herry Moses, Jewish gangster - 2015
610: Phocas, "will you rule better?" - 2014
1943: 1,196 Jewish children from Bialystok - 2013
1900: Coleman Gillespie - 2012
1816: Camilo Torres, Manuel Rodriguez, and other leaders of independent New Granada - 2011
1922: C.C. Stassen, white miner - 2010
1949: Yoshio Kodaira, soldier turned serial killer - 2009
2007: A factory manager in a packed stadium - 2008
1816: Camilo Torres, Manuel Rodriguez, and other leaders of independent New Granada
1781: Twelve Aymara rebels
1558: Toqui Caupolicán
1706: Matthias Kraus, Bavarian rebel
1573: Lancelot van Brederode, sea beggar
Entry Filed under: 16th Century,Beheaded,Capital Punishment,Colombia,Death Penalty,Execution,History,Occupation and Colonialism,Power,Public Executions,Soldiers,Spain,Treason,Wartime Executions
Tags: 1540s, 1546, conquistadors, jorge robledo, october 5, sebastian de belalcazar
1547: Jan Olivetsky, Moravian publisher
On this date in 1547, the anti-Catholic publisher Jan Olivetsky was beheaded in the town square of Olomouc. Links in this post are predominantly Czech.
Part of a whole family of pioneers in early Bohemian and Moravian printing — his father Pavel stamped out the first printed editions of Jan Hus's writings in Czech — Jan skirted even closer to the lines proscribing subversive and heretical propaganda. Too close.
Jan set up shop a couple miles down the road from Olomouc in Drozdovice where — in addition to ponderous legal compendiums and popular folk stories that comprised his daily bread — he dared to run the presses for a variety of Lutheran sermons and manifestos against the pope.
The outbreak of, and the decisive Catholic triumph in, the Schmalkaldic War of 1546-1547 came a sharp imperial crackdown on this sects trafficking.
He's regarded as the protomartyr among Moravian publishers, a professional distinction rather than a confessional one.
1878: John Speer - 2019
1821: Corporal Chaguinha, Brazil's saint of freedom - 2018
1917: Herbet Morris, British West Indies Regiment deserter - 2017
1937: Lev Karakhan, Marina Semyonova's husband - 2016
1889: Thomas Brown, Fargo-Moorhead outlaw - 2015
1246: Mikhail of Chernigov, Miracle-Worker - 2014
1631: Anna Katharina Spee - 2013
1763: Gabriela Silang - 2012
2006: Clarence Hill, former last-minute reprieve beneficiary - 2011
1586: Anthony Babington and fellow plotters, Walsingham'd - 2010
1918: The 26 Baku Commissars - 2009
Themed Set: Counterrevolution - 2008
1803: Robert Emmet, "let no man write my epitaph" - 2008
1627: Matthäus Ulicky, for communion
1621: Bohemia's "Day of Blood"
1536: Jacob Hutter, Anabaptist leader
1416: Jerome of Prague, the first Hussite martyr
1687: The first of the Martyrs of Eperjes
1524: Caspar Tauber, Protestant protomartyr of Vienna
1527: Hans Hergot, immovable type
Entry Filed under: 16th Century,Austria,Beheaded,Businessmen,Capital Punishment,Czechoslovakia,Death Penalty,Execution,God,Habsburg Realm,History,Holy Roman Empire,Martyrs,Milestones,Power,Public Executions,Religious Figures
Tags: 1540s, 1547, drozdovice, jan olivetsky, olomouc, schmalkaldic war, september 20
1599: Celestino da Verona
On this date in 1599, a heretical Franciscan named Fra Celestino of Verona burned at the stake at Rome's Campo de' Fiori.
For posterity he is a secondary character in the passion play of Giordano Bruno, who followed him to the same stake just a few months later.
Celestino had been imprisoned with Bruno in the early 1590s — the Inquisition's legal gears took years to spin — and wrote up for his jailers a denunciation of his Bruno's deviant doctrines. This might have been precisely what was hoped or demanded: turn the man's fear of the fagot into an engine for incriminating the heresiarch.
It's purely speculative whether this viperous intervention really made any difference in Bruno's case. The rat vanishes from the documentary trail, only resurfacing in early 1599 when the Inquisition takes a sudden and intense look at this loose end. No record remains of Celestino's specific doctrines, only that interrogators operated under a pall of silence mandated by the Pope himself.
He was condemned as a relapsed heretic, although we can only guess at his heresies. A few days later, an ambassador's letter made reference to the burned man "who insisted that Christ Our Lord did not redeem mankind."
2011: Li Lei, of whom much was expected - 2019
1581: Peter Niers - 2018
1996: Youssouf Ali, the first in independent Comoros - 2017
1776: Robert Harley and Edward George, tea smugglers - 2016
1723: Hermann Christian von Wolffradt, Chancellor of Mecklenburg-Schwerin - 2015
1846: Andrew Kim Taegon, the first Korean priest - 2014
1931: Omar Mukhtar, Libyan revolutionary - 2013
Feast Day of St. Euphemia - 2012
1938: Albert Dyer, sex killer (presumably) - 2011
1870: Jacob Wallace, Henry Coston, and Moses and Peter Newby - 2010
1961: Fatin Rustu Zorlu and Hasan Polatkan - 2009
Daily Double: Turkey's "left-wing coup" - 2009
1560: Arnaud du Tilh, alias Martin Guerre - 2008
1567: Pietro Carnesecchi, Florentine humanist and heretic
1553: Giovanni Mollio, Italian reformer
1547: Diego de Enzinas, Spanish Protestant
1570: Aonio Paleario, Italian religious reformer
1538: John Lambert, "none but Christ"
1536: William Tyndale, English Bible translator
Entry Filed under: 16th Century,Burned,Capital Punishment,Death Penalty,Execution,God,Heresy,History,Italy,Papal States,Power,Public Executions,Religious Figures
Tags: 1590s, 1599, celestino da verona, christianity, giordano bruno, inquisition, rome, september 16
1568: Ivan Fedorov, zemshchina boyar
On this date in 1568, the Russian boyar Ivan Petrovich Fedorov-Chelyadnin was personally "executed" by Ivan the Terrible.
The vengeful tsar suspecting this man of aspiring to his position had him dressed in royal robes and sat him on the throne, then mockingly paid obeisance before stabbing him to death. It's unclear whether this great lord had the benefit beforehand of any semblance of judicial process.
Detail view (click for the full image) of Nikolai Nevrev's painting of Ivan the Terrible, coiled in fury with dagger drawn, about to "depose" Ivan Fedorov.
The poet A.K. Tolstoy* (cousin of the Tolstoy) sketched the scene in an 1858 verse, "The Staritsky Voivode":
When the old governor was accused,
That, proud of the nobility and antiquity of the family,
He dreamt of assigning himself a royal dignity,
Ivan ordered him to appear before his eyes.
And to the condemned he brought a rich crown,
And a garment of pearls and gold,
And he laid on the barmi,** and seated him on his own throne
He raised the guilty one on silk carpets.
And, dropping his gaze before him, he fell in the middle of the chamber,
And, bowing to the ground in mock obedience,
Said: "Satisfied in your majesty,
Behold, your slave smites your brow!"
And, having risen with merciless malice,
Plunged a knife into his heart with a greedy hand.
And, bending his face over the overthrown enemy,
He stepped on the corpse with a patterned boot
And he looked into the eyes of the dead, and with trembling unsteady
Sovereign lips snaked a smile.
The late 1560s bring us to the crescendo of Ivan's oprichnina, years of terror and purging visited by the paranoid sovereign on his internal foes — actual, potential, or imagined.
Although remembered as the name for Ivan's policy, the oprichnina was also a literal physical territory — created in 1565 when Ivan successfully forced his nobles to give him absolute power over life and death in the appanage of the oprichnina.† Over the succeeding years, Ivan extended both the physical reach of that realm, and the reach of the dictatorial authority that it embodied — threatening the zemschina, a distinct geographical area where terrified boyars administered the incumbent, non-Ivan Russian state.
"Ivan's open hostility towards the zemshchina could not fail to alarm its leaders," not Maureen Perrie and Andrei Pavlov in this biography of Ivan the Terrible … and this fact could not fail to catalyze those much-feared internal foes.
It is quite probable in the circumstances that the idea of removing the tsar and transferring the throne to his cousin Prince Vladimir Staritskii might have been discussed among zemshchina boyars. Two foreign observers — the Germans Heinrich von Staden and Albert Schlichting, who both served in the oprichnina — refer to a conspiracy of the zemshchina boyars in favour of Vladimir. An unofficial Russian chronicle also mentions the 'inclination' of the opposition to promote Vladimir's candidature for the Russian throne. But according to a chronicle account there was no overt conspiracy, only discussions ('words'), for which the boyars who opposed the oprichnina paid a heavy price.
Our date's principal, Ivan Fedorov, attracted Ivan's attention in the ensuing investigation. A prince from a venerable noble family, Fedorov had been a pillar of the state, an important governor and military commander, for three-plus decades. It availed him little under Ivan's suspicion.
Fedorov was placed in disgrace and exiled to Kolomna. Nobles and officials among his supporters were arrested and executed, and many of the equerry's armed servants were exterminated. The oprichniki [Ivan's personal army, the enforcers of the oprichnina -ed.] carried out several punitive raids against Fedorov's lands. Many of the inhabitants were slaughtered (some were put to the sword, while others were herded into their cottages and burned alive). According to Staden, women and girls were stripped naked 'and forced in that state to catch chickens in the fields'. Buildings were demolished, livestock was slaughtered and chancellery officials were put to death, along with about 300 boyars' servants.
* A.K. Tolstoy also wrote a tragedy for the stage (banned in tsarist Russia), The Death of Ivan the Terrible.
** Barmi: an ornamental mantle or collar that comprised part of the royal regalia.
It's the semicircle between Tsar Alexis's beard and his crucifix.
† The term, now so dreadful in Russian historiography, originally denoted an inheritance of land left to a widow, as distinct from that left to her children.
9: The Battle of Teutoburg Forest - 2016
1543: Andrei Shuisky, gone to the dogs
1389: Saint Tsar Lazar, after the Battle of Kosovo
1553: Pedro de Valdivia, founder of Santiago
1525: Cuauhtémoc, the last Aztec emperor
1525: Jacques de La Palice, "lapalissade"
Entry Filed under: 16th Century,Arts and Literature,Borderline "Executions",Capital Punishment,Cycle of Violence,Death Penalty,Execution,History,No Formal Charge,Nobility,Power,Put to the Sword,Russia,Soldiers,Summary Executions,Treason
Tags: 1560s, 1568, art, ivan fedorov, ivan the terrible, oprichnina, poetry, september 11, vladimir of staritsa
1574: Charles de Mornay, sword dance regicide
Add comment September 4th, 2020 Headsman
On this date in 1574, the courtier Charles de Mornay was executed for an aborted plot against the Swedish king.
The French Huguenot had been a mainstay in the Swedish court for many years, and a favorite of King Erik XIV until that man was deposed in 1568.
From 1572, at the instigation of the French ambassador, de Mornay went to work on a plot to assassinate King John III — Erik's half-brother and successor. This Mornay Plot would have liberated Erik XIV from prison and enthroned in John's place either (it's not clear) this same Erik XIV or else their other brother, Charles.
What the plan lacked in subtlety it compensated in showmanship. The idea was to use the Scottish mercenaries present in Swedish service during a scheduled ceremonial performance of their sword dance in October 1573. It turns out that while wheeling around the sovereign twirling blades, it's a simple enough matter to just twirl one right through him.
Maybe that's what gave Shakespeare the idea for the big duel in Hamlet.
Apparently Charles de Mornay lost his nerve at the critical moment and didn't issue his dancing assassins the go-ahead sign — leaving John on the throne, and several folks involved in the plot in position to inform upon it. Indeed, we've brushed up against one such previously in these pages, for prior to de Mornay's exposure a Scottish officer who caught wind of a rumor of the coup became accused of leading it, and was unjustly beheaded as his rewarded for reporting it.
De Mornay was exposed a few months later. King John had Erik murdered in prison in early 1577.
2013: Sushmita Banerjee, Escape from the Taliban author - 2019
1799: Ettore Carafa - 2018
1964: James Coburn, George Wallace's first death warrant - 2017
1821: Jose Miguel Carrera, Chilean patriot - 2016
1946: Leon Rupnik, Erwin Rosener, and Lovro Hacin, for the occupation of Slovenia - 2015
1822: Francisco Javier de Elio - 2014
1951: King Abdullah's assassins - 2013
1778: Patrick McMullen, repeat deserter - 2012
1953: Miss Earle Dennison, the first white woman electrocuted in Alabama - 2011
1896: Chief Chingaira Makoni, Rhodesian rebel - 2010
1942: Bishop Gorazd of Prague - 2009
1638: Three (of four) English colonists for murdering a Native American - 2008
1574: Gabriel de Lorges, accidental regicide
1792: Jacob Johan Anckarström, assassin of Gustav III
1697: John Fenwick, bitter
1481: Michal Olelkowicz and Iwan Holszanski, Lithuanian princes
1600: The corpses of John and Alexander Ruthven, for the Gowrie conspiracy
1790: Johan Henrik Hästesko, Anjalaman
1517: Cardinal Alfonso Petrucci, plotter
Entry Filed under: 16th Century,Assassins,Attempted Murder,Beheaded,Capital Punishment,Death Penalty,Execution,History,Nobility,Notable for their Victims,Power,Soldiers,Sweden,Treason
Tags: 1570s, 1574, charles de mornay, coup d'etat, dance, erik xiv, john iii, september 4
1588: St. Margaret Ward, the Pearl of Tyburn
Add comment August 30th, 2020 Richard Challoner
(Thanks to 18th century English Catholic Bishop Richard Challoner for the guest post — originally from Memoirs of Missionary Priests — on an intrepid Elizabethan Catholic, hanged in an anti-Catholic crackdown following the defeat of the Spanish Armada. While the timing of her execution might have been circumstantial, she earned her martyr's crown fully by pulling off an daring jailbreak that loosed an English priest who might otherwise have hanged in her place. She's one of three women among the 40 Martyrs of England, along with St. Margaret Clitherow and St. Anne Line, all three of whom are commemorated on August 30. Also martyred on the same occasion were John Roche (the waterman who aided Margaret Ward), a priest named Richard Leigh, and three other lay Catholics condemned for aiding priests — Richard Lloyd, Richard Martin, and Edward Shelley.)
THE HISTORY OF MRS. MARGARET WARD.
Keeping watch at London's St. Etheldreda's, an escape-rope curled in her basket. (cc) image from John Salmon.
Mrs. Margaret Ward was born at Congleton, in Cheshire, of a gentleman's family, and was ia the service of a lady of distinction, when Mr. Watson, a secular priest, was confined in Bridewell for his religion. The story of this gentleman is thus related by the bishop of Tarrasona, J. 2. c. 5.
Richard Watson was a priest of the seminary of Rheims, a virtuous and zealous missioner, who had laboured much in the Lord's vineyard; but being apprehended, and confined to Bridewell, was, at length, by force of torments, and the insupportable labours, and other miseries of the place, prevailed upon, through human frailty, to go once to the protestant church; upon which, he was set at liberty. But such was the remorse he felt in his soul after this sin, that, instead of bettering his condition by being thus enlarged, he found his case far worse, and the present torments of his mind much more insupportable, than those which he before had endured in his body, the more because he had now lost his God, whose divine grace had formerly been his comfort and support; whereas he now could find no comfort, either from God or man; but the heavens were become to him as of brass, and the earth as iron.
In this melancholy condition, he went to one of the prisons, where some others, his fellow priests were confined, to seek for counsel and comfort from them; and here, having confessed his fault, with great marks of a sincere repentance, and received absolution, desiring to repair the scandal he had given, in the same place where he had sinned, he returned to the church at Bridewell, and there, in the middle of the congregation, declared with a loud voice, that he had done very ill in coming lately to church with them, and joining in their service; which, said he, you untruly call the service of God, for it is, indeed, the service of the devil. He would have said much more, but was prevented by the people, who immediately laid hold of him, and stopping his mouth, dragged him to prison; where they thrust him into a dungeon so low, and so strait, that he could neither stand up in it, nor lay himself down at his full length to sleep. Here they loaded him with irons, and kept him for a whole month upon bread and water; of which they allowed him so small a pittance, that it was scarce enough to keep him alive, not suffering any one to come near him to comfort him or speak to him.
At the month's end, he was translated from this dungeon to a lodging at the top of the house, where, at least, he could see the light, and was less straitened for room: but the adversaries of his faith made this lodging more troublesome to him than the former, by plying him continually, sometimes with threats, sometimes with prayers and promises, to engage him to go again to church, and to seem, at least outwardly, whatever he might inwardly believe, to be of their religion: so that their continual importunities made him perfectly weary of his life. In the mean time, the catholics, who heard of his sufferings, durst not attempt to come near him, to succour or comfort him, for fear of being taken for the persons who had persuaded him to what he had one, till Mrs. Margaret Ward, a gentlewoman of a courage above her sex, undertook to do it.
She was in the service of a lady of the first rank, who then resided at London; and hearing of the most afflicted condition of Mr. Watson, asked and obtained leave of her lady to go and attempt to visit and relieve him. In order to this, she changed her dress, and taking a basket upon her arm, full of provisions, went to the prison, but could not have leave to come at the priest, till, by the intercession of the gaoler, whom Mrs. Ward had found means to make her friend; with much ado she obtained permission to see him from time to time, and bring him necessaries, upon condition that she should be searched in coming in and going out, that she might carry no letter to him, or from him; which was so strictly observed for the first month, that they even broke the loaves, or pies, that she brought him, lest any paper should thereby be conveyed to him; and all the while she was with him, care was taken that some one should stand by to hear all that was said. But, at length, beginning to be persuaded that she came out of pure compassion to assist him, they were less strict in searching her basket, and in hearkening to their conversation; so that he had an opportunity of telling her, that he had found a way by which, if he had a cord long enough for that purpose, he could let himself down from the top of the house, and make his escape.
Mrs. Ward soon procured the cord, which she brought in her basket under the bread and other eatables, and appointed two catholic watermen, who were let into the secret, to attend with their boat near Bridewell, between two and three o'clock the next morning; at which time Mr. Watson, applying to the corner of the cornice his cord, which he had doubled, not sufficiently considering the height of the building, began to let himself down, holding the two ends of the cord ia his hands, with a design of carrying it away with him, after he had got down, that it might not be discovered by what means he had made his escape. But, by that time he had come down something more than half the way, he found that his cord, which he had doubled, was not now long enough; and he, for some time, remained suspended in the air, being neither able to ascend or descend, without danger of his life.
At length, recommending himself to God, he let go one end of his cord, and suffered himself to fall down upon an old shed or penthouse, which, with the weight of his body, fell in with a great noise. He was very much hurt and stunned by the fall, and broke his right leg and right arm; but the watermen run in immediately to his assistance, and carried him away to their boat. Here he soon came to himself, and, feeling the cord, remembered his coat which he had left in the fall, which he desired one of the watermen to go and bring him. And when they were now advanced in their way, he bethought himself of the cord, and told the watermen, that if they did not return to fetch it, the poor gentlewoman that had given it him would certainly be put to trouble. But it was now too late; for the noise having alarmed the gaoler, and others in the neighbourhood, they came to the place, and finding the cord, immediately suspected what the matter was; and made what search they could to find the priest, but in vain; for the watermen, who had carried him off, took proper care to conceal him, and keep him safe, till he was cured: but God was pleased that, instead of one who thus escaped from prison, two others, upon this occasion, should meet with the crown of martyrdom, as we shall now see.
For the gaoler seeing the cord, and being convinced that no one but Mrs. Ward could have brought it to the prisoner, and having before found out where she lived, seat, early in the morning justices and constables to the house, who, rushing in, found her up, and just upon the point of going out, in order to change her lodgings. They immediately apprehended her, and carried her away to prison, where they loaded her with irons, and kept her m this manner for eight days. Dr. Champney and father Ribadaneira add, that they hung her up by the hands, and cruelly scourged her, which torments she bore with wonderful courage, saying, they were preludes of martyrdom with which, by the grace of God, she hoped she should be honoured.*
After eight days she was brought to the bar, where, being asked by the judges, if she was guilty of that treachery to the queen, and to the laws of the realm, of furnishing the means by which a traitor of a priest, as they were pleased to call him, had escaped from justice, she answered, with a cheerful countenance, in the affirmative: and that she never, in her life, had done any thing of which she less repented, than of the delivering that innocent lamb from the hands of those bloody wolves. They sought to terrify her by their threats, and to oblige her to confess where the priest was, but in vain; and therefore they proceeded to pronounce sentence of death upon her, as in cases of felony: but, withal, they told her, that the queen was merciful; and that if she would ask pardon of her majesty, and would promise to go to church, she should be set at liberty, otherwise she must look for nothing but certain death.
She answered, that as to the queen, she had never offended her majesty; and that it was not just to confess a fault, by asking pardon for it, where there was none: that as to what she had done in favouring the priest's escape, she believed the queen herself, if she had the bowels of a woman, would have done as much, if she had known the ill treatment he underwent. That as to the going to their church, she had, for many years, been convinced that it was not lawful for her so to do, and that she found no reason now to change her mind, and would not act against her conscience; and therefore they might proceed, if they pleased, to the execution of the sentence pronounced against her; for that death, for such a cause, would be very welcome to her; and that she was willing to lay down not one life only, but many, if she had them, rather than betray her conscience, or act against her holy religion.
She was executed at Tyburn, August 30, 1588, showing to the end a wonderful constancy and alacrity; by which the spectators were much moved, and greatly edified.
Whilst these things were acting, Mr. Watson was under care in the waterman's house, who, as soon as he was recovered, thought proper to withdraw farther from danger; and that he might be the better disguised, changed clothes with the waterman, who joyfully accepted the change, and put on, with great devotion, the clothes of one whom he regarded as a confessor of Christ. But not long after, walking in the streets, he met the gaoler, who took notice of the clothes, and caused him to be apprehended and carried before a justice of peace, where, being examined how he came by those clothes, he confessed the whole truth; upon which he was committed, prosecuted, and condemned: and making the same answers as Mrs. Ward had done, with regard to the begging the queen's pardon, and going to church, he endured the same death with much spiritual joy in his soul, and a constancy which many admired, and were very much edified by it.
1694: Mette Jensdatter, Viborg infanticide - 2019
1894: Abbe Albert Bruneau - 2018
2000: Gary Lee Roll, pained - 2017
1721: Janet Hutchie, repentant infanticide - 2016
1587: Thomas Conodale, A Sea Faringe man - 2015
1878: Sevier Lewis, a family affair - 2014
1535: Guillaume Husson, colporteur - 2013
1481: Michal Olelkowicz and Iwan Holszanski, Lithuanian princes - 2012
1867: Bridget Durgan, "hardly human" - 2011
Themed Set: Americana - 2011
1996: Ebbisaa Addunyaa, extrajudicially executed - 2010
1946: Grigory Semenov, anti-Bolshevik - 2009
1850: Prof. John Webster, for the timeless conflict between donors and academics - 2008
1534: Elizabeth Barton, the Holy Maid of Kent
1586: Saint Margaret Clitherow, pressed Catholic
1586: John Lowe, John Adams, and Robert Dibdale, English Catholics
1588: Eight Catholics after the defeat of the Spanish Armada
1583: Edward Arden, Shakespearean kin
1724: Sister Geltruda and Fra Romualdo, at a Palermo auto de fe
1590: Christopher Bales, Nicholas Horner, and Alexander Blake
Entry Filed under: 16th Century,Capital Punishment,Death Penalty,England,Execution,God,Guest Writers,Hanged,History,Martyrs,Mass Executions,Other Voices,Public Executions,Religious Figures,Torture,Women
Tags: 1580s, 1588, august 30, catholicism, catholics, london, margaret ward, spanish armada, Tyburn
Dutch revolt general Lancelot van Brederode was beheaded on this date in 1573, bequeathing posterity the gorgeous ruin of his sacked castle.
Lancelot van Bredrode, detail from an illustration of him alongside fellow 'sea beggar' Jan van Duivenvoorde, by Johannes Hilverdink.
Lancelot van Brederode (English Wikipedia entry | Dutch) was the bastard half-brother of Hendrick, Lord of Broderode, and both men numbered among the ranks of Calvinist Low Countries nobles determined to break away from Spanish Catholic domination.
This faction became known as the Geuzen, meaning "Beggars"; so prominent was Hendrick that he was the Grote Greus, or "Big Beggar". Alas, he was chased into exile by the Spanish crackdown and became the Died Young Beggar.
Lancelot's talents were on the waves, and it's no surprise that seafaring Watergeuzen were the most prominently successful Beggars of all in the unfolding Dutch Revolt. Unfortunately he was not successful at supporting the defense of Haarlem against Spanish siege: when the Spanish took the city, Lancelot lost his head. To add insult to injury, they destroyed Brederode Castle; the gorgeous ruins were protected as a national monument and partly restored in the 19th century.
The Ruins of Brederode Caste, by Meindert Hobbema. For a more present-day view of the shattered citadel, see here.
Lancelot's young (at the time of dad's beheading) son Reinoud van Brederode went on to become a powerful lawyer and diplomat in the Dutch Republic. But not so powerful that he could save his father-in-law, Johan van Oldenbarnevelt, from his own date with Executed Today.
1909: William Hampton, Cornwall ghost - 2019
1934: William Bayly, bad neighbor - 2018
1683: Andrew Guilline, Covenanter accessory - 2017
1768: Francesco Arcangeli, Winckelmann-Mörder - 2016
1934: Not Walter Lett, To Kill a Mockingbird inspiration - 2015
1780: John Gamble, anti-Wilmot - 2014
1813: Johann Christian Claudius Devaranne - 2013
1301: False Margaret, Norwegian pretender - 2012
1898: Choe Si-hyeong, Donghak leader - 2011
1998: David Wilson - 2010
1889: "Cattle Kate" Ella Watson lynched - 2009
1514: György Dózsa, Transylvanian Braveheart - 2008
1568: The Counts of Egmont and Hoorn, insufficiently Inquisitorial
1538: Diego de Almagro, explorer of Chile
1541: Cristóvão da Gama, Portuguese crusader in Ethiopia
1568: Jan van Casembroot, Lord of Backerzele
Entry Filed under: 16th Century,Beheaded,Capital Punishment,Death Penalty,Execution,History,Netherlands,Nobility,Occupation and Colonialism,Power,Soldiers,Spain,Wartime Executions
Tags: 1570s, 1573, dutch revolt, eighty years' war, haarlem, july 20, lancelot van brederode, nationalism, sea beggars


You know you need a new car but are dreading the back-and-forth haggling you'll face with a car salesman on the dealer lot.
Turn on your computer instead.
"If you're buying a new car, you can use the Internet," says Lauren Fix, author of "Lauren Fix's Guide to Loving your Car." From setting a budget to finding a fair price and even financing the purchase, the Web offers something for every step of your car-purchasing journey.
Here, experts explain how online resources can help you negotiate the best price for your next car.
To decide how much you can afford to spend on a car, consider two factors -- down payment and monthly payment.
For a down payment, determine if you can afford to pay part of the price of the car upfront. If you have a car to trade in or sell, check the Kelley Blue Book to find its value.
If you'll need to borrow money for part or all of the purchase, tally the amount of debt you currently carry. Your total debt should be no more than 36% of your gross income, according to Consumer Reports. Calculate 36% of your gross monthly income and subtract monthly bills, any loan payments, and mortgage and credit card payments. The resulting figure is how much you can afford for a monthly car payment.
Online calculators can help you play out monthly payment scenarios.
Besides the actual ticket price, take into account costs such as insurance, Fix says. If you buy a car that's newer than the one you're driving, the premiums will rise.
Once you've set a price range, go online to find cars that fit within those limits. Use websites such as Edmunds.com, AutoTrader.com and CarZen.com.
When you know what you can afford and have several options within your price range, it's time to turn off the computer for a bit.
"Never buy a car without testing it," Fix says. You can find plenty of information online, but even Google can't help you determine exactly what it feels like to sit in the driver's seat.
When test-driving the car, make sure you can get in and out of the vehicle easily. You'll want to feel comfortable while driving it. Also check that you can easily see the instruments and reach the controls.
While test-driving is important for any car, it's essential if you're purchasing a used one. Ask about the car's history and to see the car's title, Fix says. If you're seriously considering buying the car, have it evaluated by an Automotive Service Excellence, or ASE, certified technician.
"Once you know what type of car you want to get, shopping for a vehicle becomes a matter of price discovery, or finding a way to pay the best price," says Jesse Toprak, a vice president of TrueCar.com.
Before heading back to the dealers in your area to negotiate a price, find out what other consumers are saying about them. At review sites such as DealerRater.com, you can see how customers rate dealers in your area by customer service, quality of work, friendliness, overall experience and the price of the car.
Two other sites to visit for reviews and ratings of local dealers are CarDealerReviews.org and MyDealerReport.com.
If you get an auto loan through a dealership, the dealer is likely to look at the car loans available for you and then mark up the loan rate, say from 10% to 13%, says Greg Thibodeau, CEO of myAutoloan.com. The difference is profit for them.
For a better deal, go online to find direct lender offers. Bankrate lists recent auto loan rates in your area. You can secure a car loan online before going back to the dealer.
Also consider going to your bank or credit union equipped with the rates you found online to inquire about an auto loan.
Armed with price quotes and financing information, you're ready to head back to the dealer to start the negotiating. But if you'd rather finish up the purchase through the Internet, many dealers will give you a free quote online or consider an offer. In the case of a used car, limit the search to your local area so you can see and test-drive the vehicle before making the purchase.
And if you want to forgo all haggling, websites such as From Car to Finish offer a shopping service that will take care of the negotiating for you. It will contact at least four dealers in your area to get quotes on cars and give you a report outlining the offers.


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Home / News / OLYMPIC WATERS OPEN DAY
OLYMPIC WATERS OPEN DAY
Tuesday March 5th, 2013
Weymouth and Portland National Sailing Academy are holding an open day on Saturday 30th March and everyone is welcome. The event will run from 10am until 4pmand offers members of the public an opportunity to experience first-hand the sports and facilities the academy and on-site partners have to offer.
The academy wants to showcase the wide range of facilities available to enjoy, whether participating or volunteering. The event has been inspired by the success of last year's Olympics and entrance is free. Activities on offer for a discounted fee include dinghy sailing at SailLaser, windsurfing and stand-up paddleboarding at the Official Test Centre and rock climbing, mountain biking, coasteering and kayaking with Weymouth College's Outdoor Adventure Centre.
Academy chief executive John Tweed said, "The WPNSA Open Day is a chance for visitors to get involved and have a go at the sports WPNSA has to offer... The Games were not a one off, but a springboard to ensure there is a continuing and lasting legacy in Dorset and the United Kingdom... We hope to inspire young and old in the 'afterglow' of very successful Olympic and Paralympic sailing events, in all aspects of marine sports not just sailing... Involvement can range from partaking regularly to volunteering at events."


In June 1940, with Nazi troops on the verge of invading Paris, German-Jewish exile Walter Benjamin was preparing to leave the city. One of the leading European intellectuals of the 20th century, Benjamin was unable to acquire the necessary documents that would have made it possible for him to escape through the port city of Marseille. Instead, he joined other refugees trekking through the mountains into Spain, making their way to Lisbon where they'd fly out. Slowing Benjamin down was a heavy black suitcase, which contained a manuscript. Speaking to another traveller, Benjamin described the contents as more valuable than his own life.
In the border city of Portbou, Benjamin was informed by Spanish authorities that he would have to go back to France. That night, he swallowed 31 tablets of morphine that he had brought with him for a heart ailment. After his suicide, however, there was no trace of the black suitcase. The manuscript has never been recovered.
This story and other tales of disappeared books is recounted in Giorgio van Straten's recent work, In Search of Lost Books. Among these lost works are those by Nikolai Gogol (Parts II and III of Dead Souls, which he burned); Sylvia Plath (a novel called Double Exposure which disappeared after her death); Lord Byron (his personal memoir, which his family had burned to protect his reputation) and Ernest Hemingway (an entire suitcase of early work, stolen from a train at Gare du Lyon).
In his book, Van Straten distinguishes between missing and lost works. If a manuscript is missing, there remains the hope that it was misplaced in an archive, waiting to be discovered. But with lost works – such as the novel Malcolm Lowry spent nine years working on, which went up in flames when his cabin burned to the ground – no hope is still possible. Yet it's also clear that Van Straten still searches for lost books, even as he recognises the futility of it. He likens the search to his childhood notions of the quest, to his longing to be "the hero who will be able to solve the mystery".
A lost book is also different from one that was never written; a work that existed creates what Van Straten calls a "void", which we fill with ideas of what might have been. Did it answer an unanswerable question? Did it achieve perfection? Was it a work of art, that we are lesser beings for having lost?
Like Van Straten, I am fascinated by these book-shaped holes in the intellectual firmament. When I was a student, my greatest fantasy was that I would some day find a book or manuscript previously thought lost, or solve a historical mystery. The idea of a hunt resembled the sense of adventure I felt every summer as a child with my cousin, when the two of us would explore the beach, searching for pirates' treasure.
Benjamin may be the person to explain the "authenticity" that lost works are thought to possess. In his essay The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction, he posited that it is the ubiquity of mass-produced printed objects that causes us to lose our sense of awe when we hold a paperback in our hands. Is a book less special because we can all own a copy? It's the same sense of disappointment that many visitors to the Louvre have remarked upon: after you've seen so many reproductions of Leonardo's Mona Lisa, what to make of the small painting that hangs on the museum's wall?
One person who has experienced the frisson of excitement that comes from having contact with unique texts is Christopher de Hamel, whose Meetings with Remarkable Manuscripts presents a treasure house of manuscripts that he has been able to study. The illustrations from the Book of Kells and the book of hours of Jeanne de Navarre – among others – are breathtaking, and de Hamel presents both the stories behind the manuscripts, but also his own reactions to them.


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Bossugan (en francès Bossugan) és un municipi francès, situat al departament de la Gironda i a la regió de la Nova Aquitània.

Demografia

Administració

Referències

Municipis de la Gironda


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Ulls del món > Interviews > Rebeca Atienza, ophthalmologist
Rebeca Atienza, ophthalmologist
Name: Rebeca Atienza
Profession: Ophthalmologist
I was born in: Madrid
I am in touch with Eyes of the world since: 2007
When and how did you get to know Eyes of the world? Why did you decided to involucrate yourself?
At the end of 2007, I was studying an MBA in subspecialization in cornea and the previous segment in the Institute of Ocular Microsurgery (Instituto de Microcirugía Ocular – IMO) when I had the opportunity of rotating with Dr. Nieto, who had significant expertise in surgery of complex cataract and one of the persons most involved in the foundation Eyes of the world. It was her who encouraged me to join a surgical, medical commission in the Sahara, what for me it became a very gratifying experience, both at the professional and human level.
As ophthalmologists and supervisor of Eyes of the Sahara, which are the main ocular issues of the camps? Which tasks perform the Foundation?
In the Sahara, Eyes of the world has done the systematic screening of the population through the opticians, and it has performed surgical interventions of the patients selected through the commissions that have traveled over the ground periodically.
Likewise, it has done essential tasks of sensitization of the population, trying to prevent the avoidable ocular issues. However, despite this intense work, the main ocular problems continue being cataracts and uncorrected refractive defects. What occurs is that keeps existing a high incidence of this disease between the refugee population, this is probably due to the extreme weather conditions in the desert, the poor consumption of fresh aliments rich in antioxidants (like fruits and vegetables) and the excessive consumption of sugar with the tea.
With the glasses exist several circumstances that make that, despite counting with an optician in each wilaya, the patients do not test their eyes nor getting glasses as they should. In the first place, there are many patients for which traveling for cataract interventions is a high economic effort. If they live far away, these patients don't go to the control appointments and they don't test the graduation after the surgery. In the second place, because of the sand of the desert and despite the effort to maintain them, the equipment deteriorate very frequently, as the glasses lenses get scratched very easily. Moreover, in this circumstances is difficult to keep the motivation of the technics.
In your opinion, which are the future challenges facing the project? And the organization?
The project Eyes of the Sahara has a crucial goal which is to achieve that the Service of Ophthalmology of the Health Ministry of the SADR (Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic) becomes more autonomic and has more initiative. At this moment, it depends exclusively on the international commissions, since it doesn't exist a specialist on the ground.
The challenge consists in involving a person, either ophthalmologist or Saharawi doctor, that could, from there, act as engine and be responsible of the Ophthalmologist Service. This professional would have to exercise some leadership over the technical staff. And, on the other hand, to follow the commissions' work correctly. Moreover, with the Foundation's logistic support, this professional should be able to manage this resources to guarantee ophthalmologic assistance to the Saharawi population. The organization should maintain the humanity help, from which the camps are entirely dependent until there is a local ophthalmologist available or the conflict gets resolved, which it's been going on for 40 years already.
Any anecdote you would like to share related to the commissions in which you have participated?
One year we went to the hospital of wounded of war in Haila to check the interned patients. The truth is that to start, nobody was in the mood to go, just for not knowing what we were going to find. We finally went to the coordinator of the project (whom by that time was Bibi) and myself. The experience, far from depressing, it was most enriching: the patients were perfectly neat and accompanied by their families, they turned out to be very talkative, and many of them told us war anecdotes.
Although we just had a portable lamp and a tonometer for the revisions, we were able to see all interns. There it was the only time I tried camel milk, a delicious drink reserved for the ill.
What has been the most emotional moment in which you honestly felt that your work was worth it?
A few years ago I did surgery in the cataract of the only eye of a Saharawi person. He lost the other eye in the war. The intervention was very successful, and he was really grateful, so he insisted in inviting us to his Haima for lunch.
The Saharawi had seven daughters, all girls. And the youngest, who was no older than four years, was so happy that she kept dancing all the time. Being there and sharing happiness with the family was really nice.
Can you define in one phrase what benefits gives you collaborating with Eyes of the world?
It definitely reconciles me with the ophthalmology
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