text:
Coroner es una banda de thrash metal técnico proveniente de Zúrich, Suiza. Coroner combina elementos de rock progresivo, rock industrial, jazz y thrash con una voz áspera, todo ello con una gran técnica y un estilo cada vez más complejo, lo que los llevó a ser considerados "los Rush del thrash metal" por críticos musicales

El sonido de Coroner progresó y la producción se volvió más refinada, resultando en álbumes más progresivos como No More Color, Mental Vortex y Grin.

Historia

El trío suizo fue originalmente miembro del equipo de giras de Celtic Frost.
Con el tiempo formaron su propio grupo, y grabarían su demo titulado Death Cult en 1986 con Tom G. Warrior de Celtic Frost en vocales. Su primer álbum de larga duración R.I.P.,publicado en 1987, presentaba a Ron Broder bajista de la banda en la voz y quien asumiría ese papel por el resto de la existencia del grupo.

El grupo publicó varios álbumes hasta 1993, terminando con una colección de grandes éxitos titulada Coroner, en 1995. La falta de exposición a los medios de comunicación trajo consigo la disolución de esta banda en 1994, así como la falta de apoyo de parte de la compañía discográfica provocó su gira de despedida con el citado álbum.

En marzo de 2005 se entablaron conversaciones con vistas a una posible reunión, para luego retractarse.
La razón principal era que ni Marky, Ron, o Tommy tenían el tiempo requerido para hacer esto correctamente, y también que a ninguno de ellos les gustaba, "recalentar las cosas, excepto la salsa del espagueti".

No obstante en junio de 2011 el festival Francés "Hellfest" anunciaba a Coroner como uno de los cabezas de cartel.
La reunión los llevaría a encabezar más festivales.

Evolución y estilo

Musicalmente, Coroner evolucionó de una banda de thrash metal con diversas influencias, hacia un proyecto más técnico y virtuoso, y finalmente hacia algo más experimental.
El primer álbum: R.I.P., estuvo basado en líneas neo-clásicas. Fue técnica y clásicamente influenciado.

El segundo álbum, Punishment for Decadence, vio una progresión hacia un sonido más sofisticado. Líricamente, Coroner empezó a escribir sobre temas como la política y la introspección personal.

No More Color fue una divisoria de aguas para Coroner, la producción mejoró y la música se volvió aún más técnica en este disco, mientras que el trabajo en la guitarra se caracterizó por complicados arpeggios y solos. Este álbum es un hito en la historia del metal europeo, que sigue sin ser reconocido.
Por otra parte su siguiente trabajo Mental Vortex continuó con la misma fórmula del disco anterior, pero reintegrando un poco de speed metal.

El último disco Grin, finalmente, tuvo un sonido mucho más industrial, profundamente diferente a su material anterior, pero a pesar de ello es el trabajo que más les gusta a los integrantes, ya que según ellos es el trabajo más maduro que han hecho debido a la experimentación, así como a la incorporación de ritmos más lentos.

Miembros

 Ron Broder - Bajo, voz
 Marky Edelmann - Batería
 Tommy Vetterli - Guitarra (ex-Kreator)

Discografía

Álbumes de estudio
 R.I.P. (1987)
 Punishment for Decadence (1988)
 No More Color (1989)
 Mental Vortex (1991)
 Grin (1993)

Demos
 Death Cult (1986)
 R.I.P. demo (1987)
 Punishment for Decadence (1988)

Recopilaciones
 Coroner (1995)
 The Unknown Unreleased Tracks 1985-95 (1996)

Sencillos
 "Die by My Hand" (1989)
 "Purple Haze" (1989)
 "I Want You (She's So Heavy)" (1991)

Miscelánea
 Doomsday News III - Thrashing East Live (1990, split)

Videografía
 No More Color Tour '90 - Live in East Berlin (1990, VHS)
 Masked Jackal Music Video
 Last Entertainment Music Video

Referencias

Tríos de música de Suiza
Grupos de thrash metal de Suiza
Grupos de metal progresivo de Suiza


text:
History Of The Types Of Constitution In Nigeria
Maduawuchi Obialo
In this article, we shall look at the history of the different types of constitutions we have had in Nigeria to date. A constitution is a written document of any country that contains all the laws that guides and superintends over the conducts of the citizens and people resident in that nation. It spells out the roles of government and the citizens of a country and ensures that no one goes against any of the rules and regulations stated in the laws of the land. A constitution also guides the decisions of government, defines the sovereign powers of a country, and guarantees individual civil rights and liberties, superseding every other law of a country or state.
In Nigeria, the constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria is supreme and binding. Parts of the opening statements in Chapter one concerning the general provisions of our constitution reads that the "constitution is supreme and its provisions shall have binding force on the authorities and persons throughout the Federal Republic of Nigeria". It also states that "If any other law is inconsistent with the provisions of this Constitution, this Constitution shall prevail, and that other law shall, to the extent of the inconsistency, be void". This effectively elevates the constitution of Nigeria above any other law whatsoever in the country.
CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA: THINGS YOU SHOULD KNOW
Constitutional development in Nigeria has been in place since the year 1914 and this continued to change or evolve over the years until 1979 when considerable additions were put into our supreme, binding document several years after the Nigerian Civil War. The addition of content to the Nigerian Constitution which is a very difficult process continued in 1999 which led to certain amendments that are still in force to this day. To date, the 1999 constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria is our most current constitution and it is still very effective.
The first constitutions of Nigeria were approved by the British colonial government through an order in council when the nation was ruled as a Crown Colony. The constitutions which were approved during this period were the constitution of 1913 which became effective on January 1, 1914, as well as the constitutions of 1922, 1946, 1951 and 1954.
In 1861, after Lagos fell to the British and was made a separate colony from the rest of Nigeria, the colonial government set up a legislative and executive council and in 1862, the Colony of Lagos and other British colonies in the Gold Coast (Now Ghana) were placed under the authority of a Governor-General who ruled from Sierra Leone.
In 1874, Lagos and the Gold Coast were declared individual colonies and in 1886, Lagos colony had its own Governor, as well as its own Legislative and Executive Councils. Lagos colony continued as a separate British political territory until 1906 when the Colony of Lagos and the Protectorate of Southern Nigeria were united, effectively empowering the Legislative Council of Lagos to make laws.
In 1914, the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria was amalgamated with the Protectorate and the Colony of Southern Nigeria by Lord Frederick Lugard, the Governor-General at that time, this gave birth the colony and protectorate of Nigeria. The Legislative Council made laws only for the colony while the Governor made laws for the protectorates.
Instead of the Legislative Council, an advisory body, known as the Nigerian Council, was accepted to make laws for the country. This council comprised of thirty members of which seventeen were officials and thirteen were non-officials. Four of the non-officials were assigned by the Governor of Nigeria to introduce shipping, commercial, banking, and mining interests. The Calabar Chamber of Commerce, Chamber of Mines, and Lagos Chamber of Commerce had only one member each.
Before independence, Nigeria had four constitutions which were effective at different times under different Governors and these constitutions include the following:
The Clifford Constitution (1922)
The Richard's Constitution (1946)
The Macpherson Constitution (1951)
The Lyttleton Constitution (1954)
The Clifford constitution was conceived in 1919, when the colonial Governor of Nigeria, Sir Hugh Clifford, after assuming office was pressured by the West African Congress, led by Casely Hayford, to make written documents that will serve as supreme laws for the country, something being practiced in some West African nations. As a result of this, Nigeria got her own constitution in 1922 and it was named the Clifford Constitution, After the Governor at that time.
The Clifford Constitution was the first to introduce the concept of voting in Nigeria. This ensured that the first voting process was held in the legislative council with four slots of which Lagos got three and Calabar got one. However, the criterion for voting was that only those who earned a minimum of 100 pounds had the right to vote and this became an expensive venture for many Nigerians.
The constitution of 1946, also known as the Richard's constitution was passed as a result of the enactment of the Westminster Style Parliamentary Constitution in the country. The constitution ensured that power was reserved in the hands of the Governor of Nigeria and his appointed Executive Council. It was named after Sir Arthur Richards, the Governor at that time because he was responsible for its enactment.
The Richard's Constitution ensured that Legislative Council was expanded and empowered to deliberate on matters affecting every part of the country. It also established other legislative houses called the houses of assembly which were located in each of the three regions of the country so as tend to the matters arising at all the regions and to advise the lieutenant-governors in those regions.
The Richard's constitution also introduced the federal principle which recognized the importance of the nation's diversity. The federal principle ensured that deliberative authority was delegated to all the regions of the country from the centre. This constitution promoted regionalism instead of federalism and it was suspended in 1950 because every region in the country wanted greater autonomy which opposed the federal central rule.
Because of the problems associated with the Richard's Constitution, a new constitution by John Macpherson, Governor of Nigeria in 1951 was enacted. The Macpherson Constitution was enacted to correct the mistakes of the previous one and it included Nigerians in the constitution making process. This consultation with Nigerians even up to the village levels, and the Ibadan Conference in 1950, which gave the viewpoint of the South-West led to the establishment of the Macpherson Constitution.
The Macpherson Constitution established the federal House of Representatives which consisted of 136 voted representatives, 6 ex-officio members, and 6 other members nominated by the Governor. The House of Representatives consisted of 68 members from the North, 34 members from the South-West, and 34 members from the South-East.
The Macpherson Constitution provided regional legislatures that could enact laws for each regions. The legislative bodies in the Western and Northern parts were bicameral. Each had a house of chiefs alongside the regional legislature. In the Eastern part, it was a unicameral legislature.
The Lyttleton Constitution was named after Oliver Lyttleton. Anthony Enahoro of the Action Group proposed the need for this constitution with one eye on Nigeria becoming independent by 1956. The representatives of Northern Nigeria felt at that time that they were not ready for independence and moved to oppose it and threatened to break away from the country.
For this reason, Oliver Lyttleton, a colonial secretary at that time, suggested that a conference be held in London to discuss and settle a lot of issues. The outcome of that conference formed the basis of the Lyttleton Constitution in 1954. The Lyttleton Constitution established a federal system, which comprised of Northern region, Eastern region, Western region, and Southern Cameroons, with the Federal capital territory firmly established in Lagos.
The constitution abolished the West African court of appeal; it however established the Nigerian Supreme Court and a number of regional high courts. The constitution made provision for the regions to govern themselves and the western and eastern regions started self-governance in 1957. Two years later, the north began self-governance. Southern Cameroon however opted out of Nigeria through a referendum.
After the four pre-independence constitutions, there were four post independence constitutions in Nigeria namely:
The 1960 (Independence) Constitution
The 1963 (Republican) Constitution
The 1979 Constitution, and
The 1999 Constitution
As Nigeria gained independence from Great Britain on October 1, 1960, the country retained the Queen of England, Elizabeth II as Head of State of Nigeria. The Queen was represented by Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe, who was the last and only Nigerian Governor-General, while Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa became the Prime Minister.
A constitution was enacted in 1960 and its purpose was to completely remove foreign influence in Nigeria especially in its government. This constitution drew inspiration from the 1954 constitution but with a number of changes. Provision for citizenship acquisition was made in the new constitution, constitution amendment was also provided for. Nomination formed the basis for appointing judges for the courts and the highest court of appeal in Nigeria according to the independence constitution was the Privy Council.
In the 1960 constitution, there was provision for a dual executive, which comprised of the Head of State and Head of Government. The position of Head of State being largely ceremonial, while the Head of Government, who was the prime minister had executive power.
The 1963 constitution, otherwise known as the Republican constitution was enacted on October 1, 1963 when Nigeria became a Republic. This constitution was enacted in line with the constitutional conference that was held in Lagos between July 25 and 26, 1963. The constitution made Nigeria a sovereign state and it removed Queen Elizabeth II as the nominal Head of State and Queen of Nigeria. The constitution stipulated that the President be elected by secret ballot by members of the national assembly and House of Representatives. That was how Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe became President of Nigeria.
The republican constitution also recognized the Supreme Court as the highest court of appeal in Nigeria, and gave the Prime Minister powers to appoint judges. It also increased senate membership from 44 to 56 and the house of representatives was increased 305 to 312. This was brought about by the creation of the Mid-western state.
In 1993, during the third republic, the 1993 constitution was enacted so as to establish democratic rule but it was not fully implemented because of the military coups and counter coups which led to the return of the country to a military rule until 1999.
THE PRESIDENTIAL CONSTITUTIONS OF 1979 AND 1999
This presidential constitution of 1979 was championed by General Olusegun Obasanjo, who at that time was Head of State of Nigeria. He constituted a 49-member constitution drafting committee which was headed by F.R.A Williams. The constitution was amended by Justice Udo Udoma and it was instituted on October 1, 1979.
This effectively ended the parliamentary system of government and ushered in the presidential system, making the President both the Head of State and Head of Government. The constitution also determined that electorates should choose the President. The senate membership was increased to 95 and the House of Representatives' membership was increased to 450.
The 1999 constitution was able to restore democratic rule to Nigeria after several years of military rule and it is the current constitution in use. Since enactment, it underwent two amendments in January 2011. These amendments were sanctioned by the then President Dr. Goodluck Ebele Jonathan.
Maduawuchi Obialo is the founder of Nigerian Guide and the Editor-in-Chief at Nigerian Infopedia. He is a professional Web Content Developer and a Biochemist.
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Britain's contribution to the rise of the terrorist threat goes well beyond the impacts its wars in Afghanistan and Iraq have had on some individuals. The more important story is that British governments, both Labour and Conservative, have, in pursuing the so-called 'national interest' abroad, colluded for decades with radical Islamic forces, including terrorist organisations. They have connived with them, worked alongside them and sometimes trained and financed them, in order to promote specific foreign policy objectives. Governments have done so in often desperate attempts to maintain Britain's global power in the face of increasing weakness in key regions of the world, being unable to unilaterally impose their will and lacking other local allies. Thus the story is intimately related to that of Britain's imperial decline and the attempt to maintain influence in the world.
With some of these radical Islamic forces, Britain has been in a permanent, strategic alliance to secure fundamental, long-term foreign policy goals; with others, it has been a temporary marriage of convenience to achieve specific short-term outcomes. The US has been shown by some analysts to have nurtured Osama Bin Laden and al-Qaida, but Britain's part in fostering Islamist terrorism is invariably left out of these accounts, and the history has never been told. Yet this collusion has had more impact on the rise of the terrorist threat than either Britain's liberal culture or the inspiration for jihadism provided by the occupation of Iraq.
The closest that the mainstream media have got to this story was in the period immediately after 7/7, when sporadic reports revealed links between the British security services and Islamist militants living in London. Some of these individuals were reportedly working as British agents or informers while being involved in terrorism overseas. Some were apparently being protected by the British security services while being wanted by foreign governments. This is an important but only a small part of the much bigger picture which mainly concerns Britain's foreign policy. Whitehall has been colluding with two sets of Islamist actors which have strong connections with each other. In the first group are the major state sponsors of Islamist terrorism, the two most important of which are key British allies with whom London has long-standing strategic partnerships – Pakistan and Saudi Arabia.
Foreign policy planners have routinely covertly collaborated with the Saudis and the Pakistanis in their foreign policy, while both states are now seen as key allies in what was until recently described as the War on Terror. Yet the extent of Riyadh's and Islamabad's nurturing of radical Islam around the world dwarfs that of other countries, notably official enemies such as Iran or Syria. As we shall see, Saudi Arabia, especially after the oil price boom of 1973 which propelled it to a position of global influence, has been the source of billions of dollars that have flowed to the radical Islamic cause, including terrorist groups, around the world. A good case can be made that al-Qaida is partly a creature of Britain's Saudi ally, given the direct links between Saudi intelligence and Bin Laden from the early years of the anti-Soviet jihad in Afghanistan in the 1980s.
Pakistan, meanwhile, has been a major sponsor of various terrorist groups since General Zia ul-Haq seized power in a military coup in 1977 – military support brought some groups into being, after which they were nurtured with arms and training. The 7/7 bombers and many other would-be British terrorists are partly the product of subsequent decades of official Pakistani patronage of these groups. Unless recently, it was the Pakistan-based networks which posed the largest threat to Britain and which were at the centre of global terrorism, having become perhaps even more important than al-Qaida, despite the Western media's focus on Bin Laden.
Both Pakistan and Saudi Arabia are partly British creations: Saudi Arabia was bloodily forged in the 1920s with British arms and diplomatic support, while Pakistan was hived off from India in 1947 with the help of British planners. These countries, while being very different in many ways, share a fundamental lack of legitimacy other than as 'Muslim states'. The price paid by the world for their patronage of particularly extreme versions of Islam – and British support of them – has been very great indeed. Given their alliance with Britain, it is no surprise that British leaders have not called for Islamabad and Riyadh to be bombed alongside Kabul and Baghdad, since the War on Terror is clearly no such war at all, but rather a conflict with enemies specially designated by Washington and London. This has left much of the real global terrorist infrastructure intact, posing further dangers to the British and world public.
The second group of Islamist actors with whom Britain has colluded is extremist movements and organisations. Among the most influential of the movements that appear throughout this book is the Muslim Brotherhood, which was founded in Egypt in 1928 and has developed into an influential worldwide network, and the Jamaat-i-Islami (Islamic Party), founded in British India in 1941, which has become a major political and ideological force in Pakistan. Britain has also covertly worked alongside the Darul Islam (House of Islam) movement in Indonesia, which has provided important ideological underpinnings to the development of terrorism in that country. Though Britain has mainly collaborated with Sunni movements in promoting its foreign policy, it has also at times not been averse to conniving with Shia forces, such as with Iranian Shia radicals in the 1950s, and before and after the Islamic revolution in Iran in 1979.
Britain has, however, also worked in covert operations and wars with a variety of outright jihadist terrorist groups, sometimes linked to the movements just mentioned. These groups have promoted the most reactionary of religious and political agendas and routinely committed atrocities against civilians. Collusion of this type began in Afghanistan in the 1980s, when Britain, along with the US, Saudi Arabia and Pakistan, covertly supported the resistance to defeat the Soviet occupation of the country. Military, financial and diplomatic backing was given to Islamist forces which, while forcing a Soviet withdrawal, soon organised themselves into terrorist networks ready to strike Western targets. After the jihad in Afghanistan, Britain had privy dealings of one kind or another with militants in various terrorist organisations, including Pakistan's Harkat ul-Ansar, the Libyan Islamic Fighting Group, and the Kosovo Liberation Army, all of which had strong links to Bin Laden's al-Qaida. Covert actions have been undertaken with these and other forces in Central Asia, North Africa and Eastern Europe.
Although my argument is that Britain has historically contributed to the development of global terrorism, the current threat to Britain is not simply 'blowback', since Whitehall's collusion with radical Islam is continuing in order to bolster the British position in the Middle East. Planners not only continue their special relationships with Riyadh and Islamabad, but they have also recently been conniving with the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt and Islamists and their supporters in Libya. In a different way, the British are now also in effect collaborating with elements of the Taliban in Afghanistan in a desperate effort to find an exit from an increasingly disastrous war.
The roots of British collusion with radical Islam, as we will see in the first chapter, go back to the divide and rule policies promoted during the empire, when British officials regularly sought to cultivate Muslim groups or individuals to counter emerging nationalist forces challenging British hegemony. It is well known that British planners helped create the modern Middle East during and after the First World War by placing rulers in territories drawn up by British planners. But British policy also involved restoring the Caliphate, the leadership of the Muslim world, back to Saudi Arabia, where it would come under British control, a strategy which had tremendous significance for the future Saudi kingdom and the rest of the world. After the Second World War, British planners were confronted with the imminent loss of empire and the rise of two new superpowers, but were determined to maintain as much political and commercial influence in the world as possible. Although Southeast Asia and Africa were important to British planners, largely due to their raw material resources, it was the Middle East, due to its colossal oil reserves, over which London mainly wanted to exert influence. Yet here, a major enemy arose in the form of popular Arab nationalism, led by Egypt's Gamal Abdel Nasser, which sought to promote an independent foreign policy and end Middle Eastern states' reliance on the West. To contain the threat, Britain and the US not only propped up conservative, pro-Western monarchs and feudal leaders but also fomented covert relationships with Islamist forces, notably the Muslim Brotherhood, to destabilise and overthrow the nationalist governments.
As Britain withdrew its military forces from the Middle East in the late 1960s, Islamist forces such as the Saudi regime and, once again, the Muslim Brotherhood, were often seen as proxies to maintain British interests in the region, to continue to destabilise communist or nationalist regimes or as 'muscle' to bolster pro- British, right-wing governments. By the 1970s, Arab nationalism had been virtually defeated as a political force, partly thanks to Anglo–American opposition; it was largely replaced by the rising force of radical Islam, which London again often saw as a handy weapon to counter the remnants of secular nationalism and communism in key states such as Egypt and Jordan.
After the Afghanistan war in the 1980s spawned a variety of terrorist forces, including al-Qaida, terrorist atrocities began to be mounted first in Muslim countries and then, in the 1990s, in Europe and the US. Yet, crucially for this story, Britain continued to see some of these groups as useful, principally as proxy guerilla forces in places as diverse as Bosnia, Azerbaijan, Kosovo and Libya; there, they were used either to help break up the Soviet Union and secure major oil interests or to fight nationalist regimes, this time those of Slobodan Milosevic in Yugoslavia and Muammar Qadafi in Libya.
Throughout this period, many jihadist groups and individuals found refuge in Britain, some gaining political asylum, while continuing involvement in terrorism overseas. Whitehall not only tolerated but encouraged the development of 'Londonistan'– the capital acting as a base and organising centre for numerous jihadist groups – even as this provided a de facto 'green light' to that terrorism. I suggest that some elements, at least, in the British establishment may have allowed some Islamist groups to operate from London not only because they provided information to the security services but also because they were seen as useful to British foreign policy, notably in maintaining a politically divided Middle East – a long-standing goal of imperial and postwar planners – and as a lever to influence foreign governments' policies. Radical Islamic forces have been seen as useful to Whitehall in five specific ways: as a global counter-force to the ideologies of secular nationalism and Soviet communism, in the cases of Saudi Arabia and Pakistan; as 'conservative muscle' within countries to undermine secular nationalists and bolster pro-Western regimes; as 'shock troops' to destabilise or overthrow governments; as proxy military forces to fight wars; and as 'political tools' to leverage change from governments.
Although Britain has forged long-standing special relationships with Saudi Arabia and Pakistan, it has not been in strategic alliance with radical Islam as such. Beyond these two states, Britain's policy has been to collaborate with Islamist forces as a matter of ad hoc opportunism, though it should be said that this has been rather regular. Time and again, the declassified planning documents reveal that British officials were perfectly aware that their collaborators were anti-Western and anti-imperialist, devoid of liberal social values or actually terrorists. Whitehall did not work with these forces because it agreed with them but simply because they were useful at specific moments. Islamist groups appeared to have collaborated with Britain for the same reasons of expediency and because they shared the same hatred of popular nationalism as the British. These forces opposed British imperialism in the Middle East just as they do the current occupations of Iraq and Afghanistan, but they have not generally opposed the neo-liberal economic policies pursued by the pro-Western, British-backed regimes in the region.
Crucially, British collusion with radical Islam has also helped promote two big geo-strategic foreign policy objectives. The first is influence and control over key energy resources, always recognised in the British planning documents as the number one priority in the Middle East. British operations to support or side with Islamist forces have generally aimed at maintaining in power or installing governments that will promote Western-friendly oil policies.
The second objective has been maintaining Britain's place within a pro-Western global financial order. The Saudis have invested billions of dollars in the US and British economies and banking systems, and Britain and the US have similarly large investments and trade with Saudi Arabia; it is these that are being protected by the strategic alliance with Riyadh. Since the period of 1973–75, when British officials secretly made a range of deals with the Saudis to invest their oil revenues in Britain, as we shall see, there has been a tacit Anglo–American–Saudi pact to maintain this financial order, which has entailed London and Washington turning a blind eye to whatever else the Saudis spend their money on. This has been accompanied, on the Saudi side, by a strategy of bankrolling Islamist and jihadist causes and a 'Muslim' foreign policy aimed at maintaining the Saud family in power.
In promoting its strategy, Britain has routinely collaborated with the US, which has a history of similar collusion with radical Islam. Given declining British power, Anglo–American operations changed from being genuinely joint enterprises in the early postwar years to ones where Whitehall was the junior partner, often providing specialist covert forces in operations managed by Washington. At times, Britain has acted as the de facto covert arm of the US government, doing the dirty work which Washington could not, or did not want to do. This said, the British use of Muslim forces to achieve policy objectives goes back to the empire, thus predating the US. Equally, in the postwar world, Whitehall has sometimes acted independently of Washington, to pursue distinctly British interests, such as the plots to overthrow Nasser in the 1950s or the promotion of Londonistan in the 1990s.
My argument is not that radical Islam and violent jihadism are British or Western 'creations', since this would overstate Western influence in regions like the Middle East and Southeast Asia, where numerous domestic and international factors have shaped these forces over a long period. But British policy has contributed to the present threat of terrorism, although this dare not be mentioned in mainstream British culture. It is only the anti-Soviet jihad in 1980s Afghanistan that is well-known as contributing to the emergence of terrorist groups. Even here, much more attention has been paid to the covert US role than the British. As for the rest of history, there is virtually complete silence, similar to the darkness that prevails over other episodes in Britain's recent foreign policy, where less than the noblest of intentions were in evidence. The British public has been deprived of key information to understand the roots of current terrorism and the role that government institutions, who pose as our protectors, have played in endangering us.
Thankyou for this. Something I found missing is the financially wielded influences of the financial and corporate sector that effectively make Britain and even the USA, puppet or proxy regimes. WW2 in particular imprinted a 'world order' in the consciousness of the 'West' that was the script of the victors – who seemed to be the USA (not Britain who was bankrupted and lost an Empire). But the shift to a US centric corporate Empire, the and the Dollar as reserve currency. I believe, has subverted, true governance to increasingly technocratic and subtly tyrannous influence.
The very nature of 'shadow power' is that it cannot be named, is generally invisible and that those aspects that can be named are but proxies and facets of a larger influence. But as your article reveals there can be a tacitly connected alignment of purpose behind what on surface seems opportunistic. To what degree we (UK) are also being played as a proxy by third parties of which may be unaware (such as by market manipulations) or somewhat aware – as of major creditors, is worth mentioning in what otherwise treats nations or their governments as if they had power – which increasingly is revealed not to be the case. Central Banking wields power through very disciplined networks of influence that attract and are attracted to those who seek it. Adam Smith's 'Invisible Hand' operates a negative counterpart when our Good is sought at others experience. Again as with Darwin, negatively identified interpretation opportunistically picked up and asserted specific interpretations to reflect and sanction their own false self-serving narrative. Smith also wrote The Theory of Moral Sentiments, and my point is that without integrity (inner honesty or congruity of being) the invisible Law works just as perfectly, but to a negative or dis-integrative and segregative result.
One of the liabilities of self-consciousness, is the inhibition and sense of disconnection from a deeper sense of being, and where doubt or guilt enters, a negatively or fearfully conditioned sense of oneself, reality and the world, interjects or insinuates itself – and draws the witnesses and interpretive reflections that then 'prove' its assumptions true.
We learn this in the primary school playground in the 'art' of finding ways to guilt others, as a way of getting power over them, or displacing blame from ourself. And indeed having to find strategy for dealing with bullying or loveless treatment from peers – and from those we are initially obliged to trust; parents, teachers, our culture.
Both aggressive and passive patterns of wielding power become second nature – but generally masked in terms that seem or claim justification – or more deeply secret because the undercurrent belief might is right is not acceptable or respectable to nakedly claim – unless of course there is no way to contest it. Then can coercion and deceit claim its 'throne' and make not conforming a punishable offence.
There may have been some indirect treatment of the dangers of engaging such third force actors in creative media.
an Earth colony is facing a popular rebellion. A weak crew of Daleks are salvaged from a long-submerged space capsule. The governor and scientist want to use the apparently-servile Daleks for economic reasons; rebels and factions within government each want to rearm the Daleks and use them as shock troops to seize power.
However, the Daleks have their own hidden agenda, which is to grow and arm their forces and carry out their ideological conquest and destroy objectives. I think the analogy with the topic of the article is clear enough.
Note that this is a different and atypical treatment of the Daleks, who are typically represented as an expansionist, racist, destructive imperial power most closely resembling the British Empire.
In this way, drama has sometimes reflected public concerns about the establishment. Original Doctor Who producer Verity Lambert described the character of the Doctor as "certainly not, under any circumstances, part of the establishment".
This particular story was one wiped by the BBC, despite the Daleks being the most popular (and commercially successful) alien in the popular and long-running series.
Nobody is educating me more on the real history of British foreign policy than Mark Curtis.I'm passing it on to as much people as will absorb it.Thanks Mark and keep up the indispensable work!
Class politics rules. Class has legal existence and that is enforced throughout all of the civil and military institutions we inherit. There is no denial here of the existence of other factors, material or psychological, and their influence on human conduct, more or less. Rather, history shows how durable and resilient the legal institutions and existence of class have been in the long term…over and above the shorter term explanations about what has happened this year or that. Since the feudal superiors abandoned feudal relations in favour of wage labour centuries ago the capitalist class system has outlived us all and, since titles are granted in perpetuity, it is small wonder that some think in terms of permanence and the end of history. That is how powerful the ruling class are.


Every year, the Honors Program provides financial support for a limited number of research projects for Honors Program students directed by Embry-Riddle faculty.
Many students also participate in research through Honors contracts. Honors contracts allow students to go above and beyond the typical curriculum for a course and explore a variety of topics with faculty mentors.
In addition to Honors funding, many of our students have also received funding through IGNITE. Below are descriptions of some of the IGNITE group projects in which our students have participated.
AIAA will be designing, fabricating and demonstrating the flight capabilities of an unmanned, electric powered, radio controlled aircraft that can meet the requirements of a STOL Joint Strike Fighter. The student research will highlight the areas of STOL applications for unmanned aircraft subsystems to compete in the 17th Annual AIAA Design, Build and Fly Competition.
ERPL will be conducting research in areas that will bring about a better understanding of the flight of hybrid motors. The goal of their project is to complete a research project centered on the variety of propellants used in hybrid motors. The findings will then be used by the Flight Hybrids Team for a flight-ready motor that will be much more effective than the motor currently being used.
The team is developing a means of reducing or even eliminating the wake of a boat by crafting the vessel's hull in the shape of a specialized standing wave known as a soliton. If successful, the application could see use in military stealth applications, environmental protection, and rapid-response situations. Models are being developed using a complex mathematical theory and a series of computer programs to determine the vessel's shape. Once a shape has been designed, its performance is tested both through computer simulations and quantitative tests. The physical models are created through a combination of advanced manufacturing methods including 3D printing, a laser cutter, and composites work. Physical testing occurs in the Wave Motion Lab at ERAU's College of Arts and Sciences.
HSA will be developing creative and sustainable wind turbines that address one or more of the following consumer-oriented issues: power optimization, cost efficiency, limited space, aesthetics, and portability. This project would ultimately culminate in the creation of high efficiency wind turbines and extensive analysis with wind turbines that could be further used in the commercial and scientific sectors. The students involved in this project will be able to apply concepts learned in the classroom for solving a real world problem that involves a wide range of interdisciplinary skills.
Visit our Facebook page to view photos and more!
The Robotics Association has been contacted by the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) about an Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) that could be used to help the department keep track and count wildlife populations. Named "Pelican," this project will involve designing and building a small UAS that can be operated by one person, land in water, and can carry a high-resolution camera to take pictures of the animals. The aircraft cannot scare any of the animals that are being tracked when flying overhead, thus designing the aircraft to be quiet and appear less like a predator is crucial. This project will aim to design, manufacture, and test a prototype of the Pelican UAV system that can be demonstrated, after FAA approval is obtained, in conjunction with ODFW in Oregon.
SIAM will be applying the financial support from IGNITE to the second phase of the Eco-Dolphin project. Eco-Dolphin is the name of a fleet of adaptive and cooperative Automated Underwater Vehicles that a team of SIAM students have been working on since the spring 2012 semester. The fleet has been designed to support future environmental science research and surveillance services in littoral water. Students will use the Analysis, Computation, and Experimentation (ACE) approach to study the stability and maneuverability of a small scale AUV against internal gravitational waves, rip currents, and tsunamis. They will also use it to build and maintain a coastal-marine autonomous network between the buoy fleet equipped with integrated ocean observers.
This team will be building a pragmatic learning platform for students and researchers in order to make valuable use of the autonomous vehicle systems granted to Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University by Gray Matter Systems, Inc. The plan includes the writing of user manuals for basic and intermediate operation of both systems, the development of user-friendly software tools for analyzing their behavior, the design of an "Autonomous Vehicle Awareness Agenda" in order to encourage students to conceptualize projects involving one or both systems and the creation and training of a permanent "Autonomous Vehicle Display Team" conformed by students and faculty for educational and social exhibitions.
Check back on this page for updates on the latest research initiatives of our Honors students!


This is a demonstration version of a sequence based on "A Glenn Miller Yuletide Medley"; a Big Band medley of Holiday favorites in the Glenn Miller style. Included in the COMPLETE version are: "O Holy Night"; "Joy to the World"; "O Little Town of Bethlehem" and "Deck The Hall." Original arrangement by John La Barbera. All parts were individually scored for Jazz Ensemble using Freestyle & Performer Sequencing Software, and a Korg X5DR Synthesizer.
by taking out a subscription to the "Members Only" area.
Note: This sequence can be used with non-GM synths by loading it into a sequencer and re-assigning the Program Change and MIDI Channel data to meet the requirements of your equipment.


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The FTSE's rally since late last month took it up to the area surrounding 7200, a spot penciled in as potentially being problematic given its significance late last year. The turn down to end last week was the first sign of this actually being the case.
Today's rally is bringing the FTSE near another test of resistance, but will it break on through? Last week we saw Euro-zone equities weaken materially, Japan is at multi-week lows with only a couple of days of selling, and the U.S. could be just getting started on turning lower.
With the global picture in mind, the FTSE, which was a downside leader during the back-half of last year, appears to have its work cut out for it if it is going to continue to work its way higher. For now, I'm going to give the benefit of the doubt to resistance (as always, respect until broken).
If the FTSE is to trade materially higher, a little back-and-forth would do it some good to build up some power before making another attempt to rally. Support clocks in around 7k, near a pair of highs from last month. The zone just above, if broken, will quickly bring the 200-day into play, another sizable headwind for the index.
For now, the feeling is that the prudent approach will be to give the market a little time to figure itself out before running with a bias in either direction. It's around strong resistance (keeping longs at bay), but at the same time the general near-term trend structure is still supportive (keeping shorts at bay).


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A conviction for homicide can lead to some of Nevada's harshest penalties. For first degree murder, you face the possibility of the death penalty or life in prison without parole. Second degree murder carries a penalty of up to 20 years in prison. You need an attorney immediately if you are under investigation or already charged with murder or manslaughter.
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A conviction for voluntary manslaughter can lead to a sentence of up to 10 years in state prison, and fines as high as $10,000. The penalties for involuntary manslaughter can be from one to 4 years in prison and fines up to $5,000. Felony vehicular manslaughter, or vehicular homicide, is a felony offense with a penalty of a least 10 years in state prison.
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Q: How to do pwd rotation for non AWS service credentials stored in AWS secret manager. I have api calls to do password reset How to do pwd rotation for non AWS service credentials stored in AWS secret manager. I have api calls to do password reset.
My user account is in Microsoft Azure AD. I want to store the credentials in AWS secret manager but need to do regular rotation by making api calls and then update secret manager with the new password.

A: This process is documented here. You would enable secret rotation in Secrets Manager, and provide it with a custom AWS Lambda Function that performs your API calls.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


We're what professionalism sounds like. The perfect soundtrack to the best day of your life, spun with your wedding or event in mind. The DJs of Complete Weddings + Events Lincoln will keep you and your guests dancing till the reception ends.
Sam Bates became a DJ because gives him a chance to combine his two favorite things: music and entertaining! As energetic as he is professional. Sam dedicates himself to making sure the whole event runs smoothly while keeping input from the client top on his priority list. The Lincoln native excels at gauging the crowd so he can see what's working and what's not and switch things up as needed. Plus Sam is never afraid to get out on the dance floor to demonstrate the latest moves and get your party jumping.
Lincoln native Lee James is a dedicated, passionate, professional DJ who got into this business because he is a romantic at heart. "I want to share the amazing feeling I had on my big day!" he said. Lee loves to meet new people and help them create perfect memories. He is dedicated to "being there" for his clients – listening to their wants and needs and keeping the lines of communication open. He is extremely adept at reading the room and taking requests throughout the evening, adjusting his play list on the fly so everybody is having a great time.
Sue became a DJ because it's a really fun job, but she stayed because it's a privilege to serve clients as their emcee and musical host. She just loves being part of somebody's special day. Since every crowd is different, Sue takes time with her clients before the big event so that she can create a tailor-made playlist that will suit the crowd and get them out on the floor, dancing, singing along and having the time of their lives. She may be a recovering introvert, but when she's your DJ, her focus is on you and doing her best to make your day.
Candy is a fun-loving DJ who relishes every opportunity to meet somebody new. She's eager to learn what her clients envision for their big event, because it's an opportunity for her to combine her skills and passion for music to help achieve their dream. Behind the mic, Candy is always reading the room, taking requests and ready to mix things up. Plus you'll never have to worry about the party lagging, because Candy used to be a dance instructor, and she knows how to get people dancing and having the time of their lives. "Being a DJ is who I am!" she says.
Kevin is a fantastic entertainer with an unforgettable voice. "I love to do the job; I love seeing people have fun." He likes it best when the dance floor is full and your guests are having a great time. His extensive experience has prepared him to handle any situation. He recognizes how much time and effort is put into planning an event and wants to make sure you get what you pay for.
"When I was a kid, my parents always took me to weddings, and I remember one DJ who got on the floor and danced with the guests all night long. That's the kind of DJ I try to be, and it's so much fun." Derek enjoys the challenge of keeping you and your guests entertained, and loves to see people's faces when he plays their favorite songs. Just let him know what you want to hear, and he'll be out there to dance with you all night long.
Dan is in a class all by himself; a natural ball of energy. His incredible personality and enthusiasm for what he does makes him fun to be around. If Dan is the emcee at your wedding it will truly be an unforgettable experience! If that wasn't enough, Dan will take care of you, your family and friends from the minute you arrive until the final beat of the last song of the night.
For Matthew, being a DJ is more than music. He is highly motivated to listen to his clients' goals and desires, because he wants to make sure everything goes without a hitch. "What I love most is the potential to create the perfect night and the possibility that it will be one of the most memorable times for everyone," he said. Matthew has a knack for building energy with the crowd. He pays attention to what they are responding to and adjusts accordingly. "We may start off as perfect strangers, but we will part ways as friends," he said.
From big days to school dances, bat mitzvahs to corporate gatherings, our Complete Weddings + Events Lincoln DJs work with you to create the perfect event, with professional party motivation and expertly coordinated announcements.


text:
U.S War Veteran Found After 45 Years Stuns The World With The Truth About His Identity
Anirudha March 6, 2019
historyLifeMysteryNews
The Vietnam War is one of the most disputable wars in the history of the United States. This controversial war took place between the 1960s and 1970s. The tragedies which followed after were uncountable. Though the United States never wanted to get involved as it wasn't their war to be fought in the first place. But then the soldiers posted in Vietnam had no say in this. This story revolves around one soldier that managed to survive the war. When he was found he had some interesting story to tell to the world. You'll be surprised to see how he fought against all odds. But how was he found makes this story worth reading. Let's step back in time and meet the real heroes of the war.
Missing Prisoners Of War
If the soldiers were caught by the Vietcong, then chances are minimal that you'll survive. The prisoners were treated worse than animals. The captor made sure that the prisoners spill out every information they had about the country. But this one soldier knew a lot and he made sure that he doesn't get caught. By the end of the war, back in 1975, most of the POWs were given the chance to get back home. But it was too late for this one soldier who never found his way back. Living in the hope in his heart that he will return back to his loving country and family one day, he met his way after 40 years. Did you know where he lived for 40 years? In the jungle for 40 years…
They Thought…
Back then when the war ended, some soldiers went back home and then there were some who never returned. Those who never returned were simply presumed killed in action (KIA) and that was it, nobody even bothered to have a second look. Special Forces Green Beret Master Sgt. John Hartley never got the chance to return back to his land for which he almost sacrificed everything. He stayed in the jungle and it was after 40 years he was found in a most unexplainable way.
A Rumor
In the spring of 2008, Tom Faunce who was now a retired army soldier and was also posted in Vietnam back then. After he retired from the army he went on a humanitarian mission to Cambodia. He wanted to help the locals in Cambodia who were struggling with the scarcity of fresh water. Tom Faunce who served two tours was able to understand the locals and the geography of the area and he tried his best to help the locals. But then who could have thought that his life would change forever. During his time in Cambodia, he heard a rumor of a helicopter crash and one of the soldiers survived. He didn't believe it first but then something happened…
Was It True?
Faunce didn't believe the rumor because he thought that there was no way a person can survive the crash and even if he does, to survive the enemy army wasn't possible. But still, in his heart, he was praying for that soldier who could be someone he knew from the tours. And to be sure he decided to check for himself. He can't leave his brother like this with no hope of someone coming after him. But then Faunce found out that the rumor was true. There was one soldier the Green Beret named John Hartley Robertson who did survive the crash. He later got sent to the North Vietnamese Army prison. But the only question that was in Faunce's head was how did he manage to escape the prison when he was injured by the crash? Faunce got all his answers when he met this soldier in person…
What Happened That Day?
Faunce wanted to know everything. One of the local who was now very old even told him that he did see a man surviving the crash and running into the forest with a whole army behind him. Despite the fact he was heavily injured he kept running till his last breath. When there was nothing left inside his body, he collapsed. The army surrounded him with their guns and legs poking him to see if he was alive. The army could see a man crying in pain but his body was so weak that no sound came out from his mouth. After listening to the old man's story Faunce could feel his legs shaking and goosebumps on his body. What happened to Robertson?
In The Prison
As we told you that if a soldier gets caught there is a very slight chance that he would survive. But Robertson who was already injured from the crash was on the hospital bed and was being taken care because somehow the army found out that he holds some valuable information and they wanted that information. A nurse was assigned to him and was ordered to make his healthy as soon as possible. Robertson was smart and he took his time to get healthy. He was waiting for that one golden opportunity. One day he found that but…
Anirudha
The only thing which I can play with is my thoughts. Poet. Nature lover. Chai is life.


Appreciative Inquiry is an organization development process that permeates the coaching world. The process starts with the belief that whatever we put our attention on appreciates (grows and develops). When we focus on clients' problems, those problems become more entrenched and difficult. When we focus on strengths, creativity, aliveness and movement, those parts grow and get stronger.
At the core of Appreciative Inquiry is the choice to view human beings as mysterious, moving, changing, expanding, life-affirming, creative, spiritual beings. Once we make this choice, we no longer see people as problems to be solved or issues to be fixed. Together with our clients, we look deeply, call forth and nourish the life-generating forces already in existence to create a present and future that is more joyful and fulfilling.
Focus on anything that is working, creative and alive.
Rather than analyzing problems, look at the positive that is available.
Build the positive image rather than trying to solve the negative image.
when they experience a breakdown.
Use stories to explore the strengths and abilities they tapped in the past and anchor them in the reality of their power.
Recognize themes and choose topics to explore further.
create innovative ways to make it happen.
Appreciative Inquiry summits are usually held over several days where the entire organization comes together to explore the four phases of Appreciative Inquiry. Colleagues from all levels of the organization interview each other and discover each other's stories, dream about the future, design how they want to work together and deliver the desired results.
In the discovery phase, we clarify values and use storytelling to capture the best of what is. We discover what gives life and energy to the organization. We start by asking people to interview each other in pairs, gather stories that capture memorable experiences and discover organizational strengths and assets. Sharing and collecting these stories helps build organizational capacity by valuing and expanding on the best of what already exists.
When it comes to your organization, what do you take pride in?
What are the best stories about the organization?
In the dream phase, we get out our magic wands and imagine what might be. Together we think big and share our hopes for our work and our relationships. We look at individual and organizational calling to explore our greater purpose and deepest wishes. In this phase, we act out our dreams to dramatize the possibilities and stretch the imagination.
What is the world calling your organization to do?
If you had no constraints, what new possibilities would you explore?
If you surrounded yourselves with life-giving forces, what would that look like?
In the design phase, large numbers of people come together to co-create the future organization. In small groups, we explore the lofty images of the dream stage and determine what's possible. We align values, structures, systems and mission with the ideal by talking about what should be. In this phase, the team crafts provocative propositions which stretch the organization. We design by exploring possible actions and making choices that will create a more desirable future.
What choices can turn our dreams into reality?
How does each piece look in an optimal system?
To create a more desirable future, what actions do you choose?
In the delivery phase, we develop action plans to realize the provocative propositions. In an open forum, we ask employees to determine their contribution and how they wish to serve. We establish personal and organizational commitments to fulfill these contributions and determine what will be. Small groups collaborate on the new initiatives that grow out of this process. Because people are deeply involved in the first three phases, commitment and alignment come easily in the fourth phase.
What action plan do you need to put into place to create a wonderful future?
How can you bring about lasting cultural change?
These questions can get to the heart of the life-giving qualities of the client.
Tell a story about a time when you faced an obstacle and you overcame it. What did you find inside you that allowed you to overcome the obstacle?
Talk about a time when you were proud of yourself.
Tell a story about alignment—a time when you experienced a depth of connection to yourself, your work, Spirit, another person or nature. Connect with the place in your body where the energy lives while telling the story.
Where are you, what are you doing and who are you with when you "come home" to yourself? Imagine you receive a letter from your guides, reminding you what you have forgotten about yourself and what is possible for your life. What does it say?
Tell a story of a time when you felt deeply supported. Talk about a time you surprised yourself.
What delights you? What engages your senses? What makes you laugh from your belly? What do you love? What makes you want to get up and dance?
What things do you value most about yourself, the nature of your work, the organization?
What do you consider the core factor that gives life to the organization?
Put yourself in the customers' shoes. What would they say makes us unique?
Consider the best strategies, structures, operating procedures and processes that have brought us to this point—the things that make this the kind of company you want to work for. Which of these must we maintain and preserve, as we continue to grow?
You may notice that many of these questions involve telling a story. Storyteller Laura Simms says, "Storytelling has the capacity to directly engage the heart and imagination in such a way that a deeper level of listening is activated, which opens the eyes of perception. The deepest learning happens in the unspoken story that is generated in the mind mixing the images called forth in the telling. The thinking mind is kept entranced by the content, while the images dip down and uncover and awaken the dreaming imagination and intuitive intelligence of the listener."2 Stories engage the imagination and bring information from places other than the thinking mind.
You wake up five years from now, and this organization is wildly successful.
What do you see going on? What are people doing and saying?
What is different from today? How has technology advanced customer service?
What decisions need to be made today to create this future?
What are the three actions we should begin now in the present to make this future image a reality?
As coaches, we can use storytelling questions with our clients to awaken possibility based on what has worked before. We can interrupt the stories that are re-runs of their failures.
Appreciative Inquiry is not a Pollyanna approach. We address things that do not work, but from the viewpoint of creating from the positive. We can use negative data to uncover what people want: "You say that your relationship with your new employee is difficult, that you are angry a lot and end up acting in ways you don't like. This tells me you recognize what you want that relationship to be like. Tell me about what you wish for in your relationship with your new employee." There is great power in listening to the negative in order for there to be space for the positive. We can focus on the "wishes" questions to segue from the negative to what is possible.
1 Lasley, Martha (2010). Facilitating With Heart: Awakening Personal Transformation and Social Change. Discover Press.
2 Watkins, J. M. & Mohr, B. J. (2001). Appreciative Inquiry: Change at the Speed of Imagination. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass/Pfeiffer.


text:
News > Features
Not too late to say thanks properly
Wed., Oct. 3, 2012
Judith Martin Universal Uclick
DEAR MISS MANNERS: When I became engaged, the women of my religious institution (my mother's contemporaries) held a shower for me, for which I immediately wrote thank-you notes for the luncheon and the gifts.
My husband and I were married by a judge but had a reception several months later in my hometown. While I was mingling with the guests, one of the ladies who had attended the luncheon came up to me and told me, with a smile, that I had written her a thank-you note for the wrong gift (I got you X, and you thanked me for Y) and that she thought I would like to know.
I was mortified, of course. I apologized effusively, said it must have been new-bride idiocy, thanked her for the gift she did give me and retired red-faced.
It has haunted me since then, and I've never seen her afterward without feeling like a fool – and I've been married 29 years.
Should I have written her another thank-you note? What would have been the best response? Since no one else mentioned anything, I can only hope that the rest of the notes were accurate. It's years too late, of course, but I'd love to lay this ghost to rest and feel I acted correctly at the time.
GENTLE READER: Twenty-nine years is a long time to feel like a fool, and Miss Manners would like to offer you some relief. But alas, she cannot bring herself to declare that the fact that the lady already had a (misguided) letter from you, or your including thanks with your embarrassed apology, took the place of a genuine and correct letter of thanks.
You could write quite an amusing letter, but not about your guilt. Rather, you should say that you think you may have finally recovered from the bridal idiocy that made you thank her for the wrong present 29 years ago, and you want to tell her how much you have enjoyed the right one all this time.
Then, perhaps, you can get a good night's sleep. Just please include specific details, or your benefactor will be up all night trying to remember what on earth she gave you.
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It was back in October 2017 that the jazz-funk sextet of Luke Novak, Matthew Halsall, Richard Bowman, Evesham Nicholas, Martin and Ryan Szanyi – Late TV – based in London (England) – last featured. In February they will be releasing the single Great Gulfs.
Great Gulfs finds the band in mellowed mood in a track that winds gently though the room as though borne on fluffy pillows and initially invites the listener to step shoulder to shoulder with a partner, though as the song develops so the embrace becomes ever more tenderly close.
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Tagged bands based in England, England based bands, Evesham Nicholas, Great Gulfs, jazz-funk, Late TV, Luke Novak, Martin, Matthew Halsall, new release, release review, Richard Bowman, Single review.


CAIZERGUES A., GUILLEMAIN M., ARZEL C., DEVINEAU O., LERAY G., PILVIN D., LEPLEY M., MASSEZ G. & SCHRICKE V.
During the winter of 2003/04, we studied emigration rates of teal Anas crecca in two major wetlands: the Camargue (southern France) and the Loire estuary (western France).Wederived local survival probabilities as a step in ultimately estimating emigration rates from individual mark-resighting (visual recaptures) history of birds fitted with nasal saddles. In goodness-of-fit tests of time-dependent models for local survival, we only detected the presence of transients among young females in the Loire estuary, which indicated that this category of individuals includes an 'unstable compartment' continuing its migratory journey further to the south. We observed low monthly local survival and high emigration rates (range: 0.01-0.81) in both areas, which suggests high turnover rates. In the Loire estuary, temporal changes in emigration rates matched the post- and pre-nuptial migration peaks (i.e. October-November and February-March). By combining local survival probabilities and count data, we derived an estimate of the ratio between the winter peak count of teals in our study areas and the minimum number of birds that actually frequented the areas over the entire wintering period (October-March). In both cases, we estimated the number of teal visiting the two wintering sites be about twice as large as the maximum number of birds counted instantaneously.


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Dans l'armée de terre des États-Unis, private first class est le troisième grade le plus bas (E-3), juste au-dessus de private et en dessous de caporal ou Specialist in the Army. Chez les marines c'est le deuxième plus bas (E-2), juste en dessous de lance corporal et juste au-dessus de private.

Le passage à private first class est automatique après un minimum de douze mois en service et quatre mois comme private, mais peut être raccourci à six mois. La plupart des nouvelles recrues commencent leur carrière militaire en tant que private first class.

Articles connexes
 Première classe (distinction dans l'armée française)

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Grade militaire de l'United States Army
Grade militaire de l'United States Marine Corps

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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The Rockets Are Once Again The Primary Obstacle To A Warriors Repeat
by: Sabreena Merchant March 6, 2019
After an 11-14 start to the season that forced James Harden to go supernova to get his team back into the playoff picture, the Houston Rockets have almost been hiding in plain sight.
The slow start suggested that the Rockets were no longer capable of the same heights they achieved in 2017-18 due to their roster makeover, and their eventual ascension through the standings was credited to Harden's individual brilliance, not the overall play of the team.
Nevertheless, Houston sits in third place in the Western Conference (yes, divisions still matter when it comes to multi-team ties) and is surging. After a string of wins over the best teams in the league, the Rockets have reclaimed their mantle and reestablished themselves as the Warriors' primary opposition to winning another title.
In its current six-game winning streak since a baffling loss to the Lakers after the All-Star Break, Houston has notched convincing victories on the road against Golden State, Boston, and Toronto, the first one coming without Harden. Since Chris Paul returned to the lineup on Jan. 27, the Rockets have the fifth-best net rating in the league, bolstered by the NBA's best offense (116.9 points per 100 possessions) and a defense that has risen from 27th to 19th in the league, per NBA.com.
Paul has been magical. Despite a hamstring injury suffered just weeks into his new four-year, $160 million contract, his current play has helped put to rest the worries about his health, especially after he missed the last two games of Houston's 2018 playoff run. He has averaged 32 minutes per game since he came back, including playing all of the non-Harden minutes as head coach Mike D'Antoni runs perhaps the most successful stagger in the NBA. Paul has a plus-9.6 net rating in that time period and a 59.1 true shooting percentage, which is even higher than in his heyday with the Clippers.
The point guard may lack his former burst in getting to the basket, but his trademark midrange jumper has returned to form (even if the very act of taking that shot is antithetical to the Rockets' ethos). Paul is shooting 45 percent from midrange this season, a bit lower than the last four years when he canned half of them, but he has made 12 of his last 17 from that distance. Combine that with a stellar assist and low turnover rate and Paul might not be capable of leading a team to a title himself, but he is the best second banana south of Stephen Curry.
While Paul has helped settle the Rockets in the minutes Harden is off the floor, the team has been able to thrive because of its revamped wing rotation. At the beginning of the season, Houston was relying on the likes of Carmelo Anthony, Michael Carter-Williams, both of whom are quite literally no longer NBA players. Now, the Rockets are blessed with wing depth that includes Austin Rivers and Iman Shumpert, supreme upgrades over the departed pair.
Rivers has been the best defender among the regular rotation with a 103.2 defensive rating in the last five weeks. He has been successful alongside Paul in the second unit and closed games when necessary, all while buying into the Moreyball principle of lay-ups and threes to a remarkable extent (he has taken one midrange shot the entire season).
Shumpert hasn't been healthy for much of his Houston tenure, but Kenneth Faried has also been another strong midseason pickup. He can perform similar offensive functions to Clint Capela at the five and also slide down to the four in a pinch due to his mobility. He will not be a defensive presence comparable to Capela, or even Nene, but Faried's ability to soak up bench minutes is still an asset for a team, and a head coach, that has historically had trouble trusting its depth.
The defense remains a concern. Even in the recent strong stretch of play, the Rockets are still worse than average defensively, and the only thing they really do well is force turnovers. They don't create a lot of stops otherwise and rebound the ball poorly, meaning they rely heavily on giveaways to stop opponents. Harden remains a liability on defense, and his inactivity forces Houston into an unusual scheme where all of the non-Harden actions are defended one way, and then screens involving Harden have to be switched.
Nonetheless, even as Harden persists in being a rotating turnstile on one of the end the floor, he inflicts even more damage on the other end. His play is the singular reason that the Rockets are the greatest threat to Warriors hegemony, so long as Paul is present to tone down some of the astronomical usage Harden was shouldering in his absence.
Houston may have been playing a long game of chicken with the rest of the league as it sorted through its issues throughout the first three-quarters of the season. The Rockets have the high-end talent, the depth, and the experience to challenge Golden State more than any other team in the NBA. It may have been hard to tell earlier in the year, but that fact is now crystal clear.
Topics: #Chris Paul, #James HardenTags: 2019 NBA Playoffs, Chris Paul, Houston Rockets, JAMES HARDEN


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Q: Opengl PBO is not improving the drawing speed I am doing video streaming using opengl with the texture.
In order to improve the efficiency I tried the PBO method.
However I found that when I used the PBO
glBindBufferARB(GL_PIXEL_UNPACK_BUFFER_ARB, pboIds[pboturn]);
glTexSubImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 0, 0, cols, rows, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 0);

and when I don't use PBO by just calling:
glTexSubImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 0, 0, cols, rows, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, mydata);

Though both are drawing the image, but the PBO one doesn't offer any efficiency improvement...
Is this because I am using a integrated intel HD4000 series video device but not any stand alone video card (It's actually a surface pro)?
And the glTexSubImage2D takes me about 10+ms for uploading a 1920*1080 rgb image. Is this normal? I am developing under Qt, is there anyohter way I could improve the performance?
UPDATE:
I have test the same program on a AMD graphic card. And the time consumed dropped under 1ms... Can I say it is the limit of the intel graphic device?
UPDATE2:
Here is the buffer generation and data uploading part:
glGenBuffers(1, pboIds);
glBindBuffer(GL_PIXEL_UNPACK_BUFFER, pboIds[0]);
glBufferData(GL_PIXEL_UNPACK_BUFFER, cols*rows*4, data, GL_STREAM_DRAW);
glBindBuffer(GL_PIXEL_UNPACK_BUFFER, 0);

For testing, I only send the data one time during the initialization, so there is no more data uploading to the PBO also no buffer mapping in the testing code.

A: If you just use PBOs as a in-sequence proxy for image uploads you'll gain nothing, since you're essentially I/O bound and have to wait for the data to be transferred. The idea behind PBOs is, that you can do data transfers and texture image specification "in the background", while the GPU is busy drawing stuff.
So to actually benefit from PBO-ed uploads you must make your program to operate asynchronously.


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