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NHL 2020-2021 season
The Local Pub
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Bobogo
Location: Central Toronto
Occupation: Sales
Wow already November. Just throwing out some questions/ideas for feedback
What makes sense for a start date for the NHL season? Early January 2021 or other?
Playoff format stay expanded or go back to the regular format?
Some owners are talking, no fans shut the season down, they won't be profitable with no gate and concessions. We all know TV revenue isn't big time dollars for the NHL compared to other sports NBA NFL MLB.
Lastly Covid and border closed and eliminating cross border travel. It was easy to hide the Jays in Buffalo as 1 Canadian team, the NHL has 7. Are we looking at setting up an all Canadian team conference that exclusively plays only Canadian teams. Hell that would be cool IMO. What do you think?
Marty Canuck
Location: Whitby
Occupation: V. P. & Sales Manager
There were reports of a Canadian Division for this season. It was confirmed by news of an AHL club moving across the border for one season due to their affiliation with one of our NHL teams. Don't recall which team it was.
I hope they can start January. Not sure if you see posts I made elsewhere but we supply a lot of NHL teams. We have shipped orders out to both St. Louis and New York Ranger since the playoffs ended. Assuming they are starting to bring in stock for training camp. Our product is used by players, tape.
Without the means to get fans in the stadiums there won't be a season.
Arthur Dailey
Join Date: Sep 5, 2013
Would like to see a Canadian Division.
There is even a trophy that is applicable to it and in the HOF, the O'Brien Trophy.
From 1927–28 until 1937–38, it was awarded to the Canadian Division regular season champion.
Gate revenue is certainly important.
However if there are no games then the teams/league lose out on their television revenue.
Originally posted by Arthur Dailey View Post
Do you know if there is a cap on escrow?
If they play to empty buildings, what would revenue be? 20%, 30% of normal? Less?
No chance they play without fans in the seats....unless of course the players dexide to play for free.
Ignatius Reilly
Location: 401 / Ave Rd.
Occupation: Health IT Consultant
What if the players decided to share the pain and play for something like 1/2 their salaries? Would that make the season profitable for everyone?
It's still millions for many/most of them, and it could keep the league operating and give the fans some entertainment. Even guys at the league minimum would be making $750k US * 1/2 * 1.31 = $493k CAD.
That is significantly above the national average salary. Like by about 10 times......
Nah, that's crazy talk.
"Confusion" will be my epitaph
...Iggy
Originally posted by Ignatius Reilly View Post
50% is still a huge loss for the league I would think. I don't know the true numbers but I would guess in arena revenue (not just ticket sales, merch, F/B etc.) would be somewhere around 70-80% of revenue.
If someone knows the real numbers, please jump in.
4wedges
Location: Barrie
Occupation: bean counter
I wouldn't be surprised if they played a shortened season with few, if any fans because of TV comittments. I am still guessing a Canadian division, and 3 U.S. divisions, with the playoffs in bubbles.
Originally posted by 4wedges View Post
bcampb00
Join Date: Apr 6, 2010
Location: Toronto,
Originally posted by High cut View Post
Here is a decent high level summary. Different teams have different economics (obviously). Canadian teams probably better able to weather the storm better than others. I don't see a season starting without fans in the stands - a lot of fans.
https://montrealgazette.com/sports/h...ng-proposition
Fredk
Originally posted by bcampb00 View Post
What are the fixed vs variable costs for the league? I presume the players don't get paid unless there is a season. What about all the staff?
Let them in.
We can deal with the bad apples.
Evil prevails when good people do nothing.
Originally posted by Fredk View Post
What about those players who signed contracts stipulate that they get bonuses for this year with low salaries? I wonder if they get paid anyway.
this might help...also keep in mind many players, especially on the Leafs received most of their salary in huge signing bonuses....that is already banked, spent etc
"The NHL continued to pay player salaries but has the right to reclaim salaries and payments even after they are paid. A provision of the CBA gives the owners the ability to reduce player salaries in the event that the league has to suspend or reduce operations due to "a state of war or other cause beyond the control of the League or of the Club." NHL players did not receive their final paycheck for the regular season, which was due on April 15. The National Hockey League Players' Association (NHLPA) deferred its decision on whether to receive the final checks due to the uncertainty caused by the pandemic.
If the full 82-game season is not played, players' salaries can be decreased in proportion to the number of games canceled. The NHL's CBA also has an escrow provision that provides for withholding a portion of player salaries when the owners' share of hockey-related revenue falls under projections for the year. It should be noted that many star players receive significant amounts of compensation through signing bonuses, and these bonuses, which take the form of lump-sum payments, have to be paid out even if games are canceled due to COVID-19.
It is also noteworthy that there is a provision in the CBA stipulating that any money owed to the owners by the players in excess of what was collected in this season's escrow holdback will come directly off what is owed to the players during the next season. Thus, COVID-19 could also have the effect of dramatically reducing the salary cap for the next season even if the current season were to be completed in arenas devoid of fans."
That helps, thanks.


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The blog of the Wilson Center's Environmental Change and Security Program
Earth Intel: Enhancing Researcher-Practitioner Partnerships to Address Eco-Security Challenges
January 27, 2021 By Tom M. Parris & Eileen Shea
"One of the most important accomplishments of the MEDEA program was to convince the intelligence community that near-term climate change is important for national security," said D. James Baker, former Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and member of the MEDEA Program, at a panel at the American Geophysical Union's virtual 2020 Fall Meeting. Organized by ISciences LLC's Tom Parris, CASE Consultants International's Eileen Shea, and Columbia University' Robert Chen, the panel focused on how to build an effective knowledge-to-action enterprise that helps policymakers and society respond to emerging eco-security challenges. (See below for links to short, pre-recorded videos panelists shared prior to the panel to inform the discussion.)
Build Trust through Sustained Dialogue
Decision-makers are looking for whether "you, as a scientist, believe what you're saying," said Baker. It is more about trust than the specifics of any scientific discipline. Decisions have always been and will always be made while the scientific enterprise continues.
The active process of building trust through ongoing dialogue between scientists and policy actors is a foundational concept, agreed panelists. Creating opportunities to "have scientists in the room with policymakers" to help ensure that scientific insights in the form of actionable information are presented at the right moment is important, said Annalise Blum, a AAAS Science and Technology Policy Fellow supporting Peacekeeping and Stabilization Operations in the Department of Defense. Geoff Dabelko, Professor and Associate Dean at the Voinovich School of Leadership and Public Affairs at Ohio University and Senior Advisor to the Wilson Center's Environmental Change and Security Program, cited the importance of scientists recognizing that security actors make decisions all the time based on information with varying levels of certainty/uncertainty. In that context, scientists are not expected to provide absolute certainty but, rather, convey an assessment of how confident they are in the findings that they are presenting. Building trust through dialogue, Dabelko said, recognizes that security actors will make their own assessments so scientists can focus on presenting research findings relevant to the issue at hand.
Don't Debate, Integrate!
In the context of confidence in science, Cullen Hendrix, Director of the Sié Chéou-Kang Center for International Security and Diplomacy at the University of Denver, highlighted the value of an "integrative mode of academic inquiry and discourse" that emphasizes areas of scientific agreement, rather than the currently dominant mode of scientific "debate." Hendrix said that debate advances an adversarial mode that tends to exaggerate disagreements and uncertainty, implying "winners" and "losers." Discussion among the panelists highlighted the importance of looking for new or innovative ways of convening science/policy discussions in an open and safe environment that emphasizes shared learning and joint problem-solving.
Boundary Organizations and Shared Data
An integrative approach can be fostered in a safe discussion place, said Dabelko, so that science and policy can "meet in the middle." Existing and emerging boundary organizations can provide that necessary safe space by facilitating collaboration and information flow between diverse science disciplines and between the science and public policy community. Referring to the results of a recent National Science Foundation-funded project, Dabelko noted that decisions about who convenes a discussion can either open the exchange to a variety of points of view or implicitly constrain dialogue to a particular point of view. Boundary organizations can provide a neutral platform to convene scientists and security actors in an integrative approach to science/policy discourse around targeted issues.
The MEDEA Program—a successful boundary organization that began in the early 1990s with the support of then Vice President Gore and CIA Director Gates—is an important example. The program provided wide access to environmental measurements and imagery from previously classified collections conducted by the U.S. National Security community. These data immediately proved valuable to enhancing scientific understanding of environmental change at a global scale and, conversely, how environmental change was affecting national, international, and human security risks. Some elements of MEDEA continue to this day, underscoring the value of accessible data and the scientific insights that data can inspire.
As progress continues on data collection, new tools to visualize and share analysis of the data are emerging. For example, ISciences has recently launched a new, open-science platform of data and analytical tools for eco-security, DANTE, to increase accessibility to and accelerate the interdisciplinary study of environmental stresses, demographics, economics, health, political instability, and humanitarian response by sharing data, tools, and demonstrations of methods.
Leadership Matters
Effective leadership plays a critical role in successful eco-security endeavors, said Blum and Mike Farrar, Chief Scientist, Weather Operations, U.S. Air Force and President-Elect of the American Meteorological Society, reflecting on their experiences at the Department of Defense and U.S. Air Force. There's value in having leadership at the top of an organization that recognizes the importance of the environment-security nexus, said Blum. There is a need to engage scientists directly involved in the decision-making process and value in engaging all affected stakeholders. Farrar reflected on the longstanding recognition of Air Force leadership in understanding and addressing changing environmental conditions in both operational and planning programs as well as the value of science as part of the Air Force mission. Importantly, Farrar noted that "environment and security" will be the organizing theme of 2022 AMS Annual Meeting.
The process of building an effective and enduring national security enterprise that anticipates and responds to global environmental change is challenging. This challenge can be better met by enhancing partnerships through an integrative process that builds trust. We need to bring diverse actors together in safe spaces to engage in sustained dialogue using collaborative discourse and shared data. This integrative approach can help pave the way towards national security and environmental sustainability.
The opinions expressed in this summary, the videos and panel discussion are those of the individual presenters and do not necessarily reflect the views of their employers, affiliated organizations, the session organizers, or the AGU.
Tom M. Parris, President of ISciences, has over 30 years of experience in the analysis of sustainability, vulnerability, and conflict using his skills in policy analysis, quantitative natural and social science, information science, remote sensing and geospatial analysis. Recent work includes monitoring and forecasting of global surface water anomalies, continental-scale time-series mapping of consumptive use of water due to irrigation, and strategic resilience of countries facing risk of political instability.
Eileen Shea brings four decades of government and private-sector experience to understanding the vulnerability of businesses, communities and natural resources to a changing climate and applying climate information to address those issues. Her expertise extends from local, national and international climate services, to sustainable risk management and public policy.
This summary was derived from the presentations provided to the American Geophysical Union as part of the American Geophysical Union 2020 Fall meeting by panelists invited to participate in Session SY052, "Intel: Enhancing Partnerships Between Academic and National Security Communities to Address Eco-Security Challenges" (membership required to access panel recording). The following pre-recorded videos were prepared by panelists in advance of the session to inform the discussion:
The MEDEA Program: A Collaboration between Academia and the National Security Community, D. James Baker, former Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and member of the MEDEA Program; The Tempest Within: Reconciling Disagreements on Climate-Conflict Links for Security Practitioners, Dr. Cullen Hendrix, Director Sié Chéou-Kang Center for International Security and Diplomacy, Josef Korbel School of International Studies, University of Denver; Lessons from Boundary Organizations: Connecting Scholars and Security Practitioners on Environment and Security, Dr. Geoffrey Dabelko, Voinovich School of Leadership and Public Affairs, Ohio University and Senior Advisor, Environmental Change and Security Program, Wilson Center; A Network to Meet the Security Challenges of Environmental Stressors and Instability, Annalise Blum, AAAS Science and Technology Policy Fellow, Peacekeeping and Stabilization Operations, Department of Defense; Weather, Water and Climate Impacts on National Security: Complementary Perspectives from Leadership Roles in the US Air Force and the American Meteorological Society, Mike Farrar, Chief Scientist, Weather Operations, US Air Force and President-Elect American Meteorological Society.
Photo Credit: Panelists Mike Farrar (upper far left), Geoffrey Dabelko (upper middle right), James Baker (upper far right), Cullen Hendrix (center far left), Robert Chen (center middle left), Tom Parris (center middle right), Eileen Shea (middle far right), and Annalise Blum (lower left), used with permission courtesy of the American Geophysical Union.
Topics: climate change, data, environment, Guest Contributor, security
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Instruction to Officers
1901 Census of Canada
1. The Fourth Census of the Dominion is required to be taken this year under the provisions of the Census Act (revised statutes of Canada, 1886, c. 58) so as to ascertain with the utmost possible accuracy for the carious territorial divisions of the country their population and the classing or grouping of it as regards age, sex, social condition, religion, education, race, occupation and other wise, and whatever other matters are specified in the forms and instructions to be issued and used as provided in the Act.
2. The Act does not specify the plan of the Census concerning details of information, forms to be used, procedure to be followed, or the dates with reference to which the Census is to be taken; but it provides that they are to be such as the Governor in Council shall by Proclamation direct.
3. The details of information and forms to be used for the Fourth Census are as indicated in the eleven schedules contained in the Proclamation of the Governor in Council made 8th January inst., and published on the 15th in an Extra of The Canada Gazette, and according to instructions and forms to be issued by the Minister of Agriculture for the working thereof.
The Proclamation also directs and provides:
"That the population to be recorded shall be the population in existence on the 31st day of March, A.D. 1901, and that other information to be gathered shall also have reference to the same date, unless otherwise determined by Our Minister of Agriculture for Canada as regards information under schedules 8, 9, 10 and 11. That the procedure to be followed for obtaining the enumeration of the population shall be in accordance with the system known by the name of the de jure system.
"That the division of the country into census districts and sub-districts shall correspond respectively as nearly as may be with existing electoral divisions and sub-divisions, and that except as may be otherwise directed by Our Minister of Agriculture the units of enumeration for census purposes shall be the pulling sub-division areas of the several electoral divisions adopted for the recent Parliamentary elections; but that in territories not so defined or situated as to admit of adhering to circumscriptions already established, special divisions and sub-divisions shall be formed for census purposes by authority of Our Minister of Agriculture.
"That the sub-districts of a census district shall ordinarily consist of townships, parishes, cities, towns and incorporated villages.
"That the census officers provided for in section 8 of The Census Act shall comprise four for each of the Provinces of Ontario and Quebec and one for each of the other Provinces and the Northwest Territories, whose duty shall be to instruct census commissioners in the method and work of the census.
"That there shall be a census commissioner for each census district, or two commissioners if the district is extensive or has a large bi-lingual population or comprises more than one county municipality, and one enumerator for each polling sub-division or for a group of polling sub-divisions when Our Minister of Agriculture in special cases so directs; and the duties of such officers and the period of time within which their returns and reports must be completed and made shall be as provided in the Act and according to the regulations and instructions authorized by the Act, or as in special cases Our Minister of Agriculture may direct.
"That as in the registration of diseases or causes of death the Bertillon nomenclature is already in use in the Provinces of Ontario and Quebec and in the Republic of Mexico, and has been endorsed for adoption on January 1, A.D. 1901, for a period of ten years by the delegates of eighteen countries to the International Commission which met at Paris during the year 1900 to deal with the subject (including the delegate of the United States), and as uniformity of statistics is essential in making comparative studies of mortality, it is advisable to follow the Bertillon of International nomenclature in taking the census of Mortality (schedule 3); and that, to ensure as complete a record of diseases or causes of death as possible, it is further advisable to obtain the co-operation of provincial or other local offices of Vital Statistics where such offices have been organized, under arrangements and terms to be sanctioned by Our Minister of Agriculture.
"That at the discretion of Our Minister of Agriculture, and subject to such limitations of territory and of industries as he may determine, the census of Manufactures (schedule 8) and the census of products of the Forest (schedule 9) may be entrusted to one or more special agents in each Province; the census of Fisheries (schedule 10), subject to limitations of territory, to one or more special agents, or to the Department of Marine and Fisheries, or, in the case of any Province which has assumed administration of the fisheries under the decision of the Privy Council, to the provincial officer charged with such administration; and the census of Mines and Minerals (schedule 11), subject to such limitations of territory and of classes of kinds of mineral products as Our Minister of Agriculture shall determine, to the regular enumerators, to special agents, or to the Geological Survey, as may in each case be deemed most advantageous and expedient."
4. The date selected for recording the population is the same as the date fixed by the Imperial Parliament for taking the census of Great Britain, being Sunday the 31st day of March. The decisive hour of reckoning is made 12 o'clock or midnight on the night of 31st March to 1st April, so that every one born before that hour and every one dying after it are to be counted in the population.
5. In providing that the census of the people is to be taken by the de jure system, the proclamation does not give a meaning to that term. Neither does the Census Act, nor any other statute. It must be determined largely by usage, and therefore the practice of former census in Canada should be followed with reasonable closeness. In the case of a great majority of the people, their home or usual place of abode is the place where they should be counted; but particular directions are given in dealing with schedule No. 1.
6. Census districts are required to conform as nearly as may be with the districts for the representation of the people in the House of Commons at Ottawa, and census sub-districts to the cities, towns, incorporated villages, townships and parishes which constitute an electoral district. But in order that the census work may be speedily and well done, polling sub-division areas are to be the units of enumeration as a rule. Where they are of small extent, or where the inhabitants are few, two or more polling sub-divisions may be assigned to one enumerator.
7. The Census Act provides for three classes of officers for the outside service. The first class are chief officers representing the Provinces and Territories of the Dominion, who will receive instructions at the Census Office in Ottawa in the method and work of the census, and will in turn give instructions to the commissioners. The second class are the commissioners, who will have direction of the work in the several census districts for which they have been appointed. They are required to instruct enumerators in the details of recording the census as required in the schedules, to revise the work when it is done, and to transmit all papers to the Census Office, with which they will conduct all necessary correspondence. The third class are the enumerators, to whom will be entrusted the actual work of the census, and upon whose judgment, discretion and intelligence the completeness and accuracy of it will to a very large degree depend. The census must be take and all the returns made to the office in Ottawa within a time to be fixed in the special instructions to each commissioner and unless otherwise provided in the instructions, every enumerator shall begin his work on Monday the 1st day of April, and he shall continue it day by day (except Sundays) until the canvass of his area is completed.
8. In taking the census of Mortality, the causes of death will be entered according to the Bertillon or International nomenclature (or names of diseases), printed on the back of Specimen schedule No. 3. Experience proves that except under an organized system of daily of weekly registration it is extremely difficult to get full returns of mortality extending over a period of twelve months, ant therefore it has been decided to supply commissioners with lists obtained from provincial or municipal registration offices where these exist, for the use of enumerators. These lists are for the first nine months of the census year, beginning with April and ending with December, 1900.
9. In the enumeration of inmates of asylums, hospitals, penitentiaries and education or other institutions, as well as the Treaty Indians, and in canvassing for statistics of manufactures, forest products, fisheries and minerals, it will generally be found advantageous to employ officials and other agents in place of the regular enumerators. In every such case the commissioner for the district will be notified, and he will be required to withdraw the schedules dealing with the particular subjects from the regular enumerators and to inform them accordingly.
10. The commissioners of census districts will be supplied from the Census Office at Ottawa with schedules, instructions and all other printed matter necessary for taking of the census, to be distributed to enumerators when these are called together to receive directions for their work.
11. A set of papers sufficient for the requirements of each enumerator, according to the extent and population of the territory assigned to him, will be put in a portfolio furnished for the purpose of keeping them in a safe and cleanly state throughout the progress of his work. It may frequently happen in localities that some of the schedules are not required at all, or only in very limited quantity, and it will be the duty of the commissioner in consultation with each enumerator to ascertain the kinds of schedules and the number of sheets of each that may be wanted. In villages and towns, for instance, a fewer number of schedules 4, 5, 6 and 7 will be required than of schedules 1 and 2, while in rural parts a comparatively fewer number of schedule 8 (Manufactures) will be required than in villages and towns. In the case of schedule 3 (Mortality) an estimate of the number of sheets required may be made on the basis of 20 deaths in the year to each 1,000 of the population.
12. Care will be exercised by commissioners to so direct the enumerators that they will fully and clearly understand every detail of their duties, -(1) as regards the portion of country or unit of enumeration each one is to canvass, (2) as to the entries to be made in the several schedules, and (3) as to making returns to the commissioners of all schedules and papers when the canvass of the portion of country assigned to each enumerator is finished.
13. One of the special duties of commissioners is to ascertain and define by written description for the guidance of each enumerator the boundaries of the territory allotted to him, so that no part of the census district may be missed, or be taken by more than one enumerator.
14. The work of taking the census should begin at some well established starting point, whether it is in a township or parish, or in a city, town or village, and should be carried on continuously and regularly, whether it be one or more polling sub-divisions or a tract of larger extent.
15. In a township, parish or other county district, where the houses are scattered, it is advisable to start on a road or highway at the border line of the district and visit in succession every occupied house until the other side of the district is reached, when the next road may be taken in the same way, and so on until the whole area assigned to the enumerator is covered, taking care to finish the census of one farm or lot before proceeding to the next.
16. In an unincorporated village is included in the enumerator's district he should take the census of it separately from the rural portion proper, but on the same schedule. A short line drawn across the left hand margin above the number of the first family and another line below the number of the last family of the village as entered on the schedule, will be a sufficient mark of separation. But if the village have a distinct name it should be written along the left hand margin of the schedule, between the upper and lower lines. This separation will facilitate the tabulation of agricultural statistics, and it may have value as a record for historical use in tracing the origin and rise of future towns in the country. The census of unincorporated villages, however, will be included as heretofore with the statistics of rural sections.
17. In cities, towns and incorporated villages, where the land is usually laid out in blocks or squares bounded on four sides by streets, the enumerator should start at one corner of the block and proceed around and through it, entering every occupied house or building in regular order and collecting all the information called for in the schedules before proceeding to the next block or square, and should so continue until the whole of his census district is finished.
18. If the enumerator's district is partly in an incorporated town or village and partly in the country, he should take the two portions separately as described above in No. 16, and distinguish the portions so carefully that no mistake of mixing rural and urban statistics can be made in the tabulation work of the Census Office at Ottawa.
19. Where grain, fruit and root crops are grown, and domestic animals are kept, and ornamental or other trees are planted, in cities, towns and villages, the statistics of them (including values) should be taken as carefully as the statistics of crops and animals on farms; as also the area of land occupied and the number of barns and other buildings in use by the head of each family or household, or by any member of it.
20. The head of every family or household (or whoever gives the information for it) should be asked particulars concerning all the schedules, unless any one of them has been withdrawn from the enumerator, in order that full and complete particulars may be gathered covering the whole scope of the census for every part of the country.
21. If the schedules have been withdrawn, it will still be the duty of the regular enumerator of a district to make inquiry and report the institution or industry and the name and address of its owner, manager, agent or officer in charge to the census commissioner of his electoral district, who will at once forward the particulars of the information to the Census Office at Ottawa for the use of the special agent who may be appointed to take the census of such institution or industry.
22. Every commissioner, enumerator or other person employed in the execution of the Census Act must take and subscribe an oath binding him to the faithful and exact discharge of his duties under the provisions of the Act, and in all respects as required by the forms and instructions issued by the Minister of Agriculture; and every such person who makes willful default in any matter required of him by the Act or the instructions, or who willfully makes a false declaration touching any such matter, is guilty of a misdemeanor.
23. Every officer or other person employed in any capacity on census work is required to keep inviolate the secrecy of the information gathered by the enumerators and entered on the schedules or forms. An enumerator is not permitted to show his schedules to any other person, nor to make or keep a copy of them, nor to answer any question respecting their contents, directly or indirectly; and the same obligation of secrecy is imposed upon commissioners and other officers or employees of the outside service, as well as upon every officer, clerk or other employee of the Census Office at Ottawa. The facts and statistics of the census may not be used expect for statistical compilations, and positive assurance should be given on this point if a fear is entertained by any person that they may be used for taxation or any other object.
24. No result of the enumeration may be given to the public in advance of the printed bulletins or reports, except by the head officer of the census acting under the authority and direction of the Minister of Agriculture.
25. It is not permitted to a commissioner, enumerator or other employee of the census to engage a substitute or farm out his work to another. The position to which he is appointed must be filled by himself, and its duties must be performed by himself. Prompt and expeditious service is required from the time that the work is commenced until it is finished.
26. It is the duty of an enumerator on entering a house to act with civility, to state his business in a few words, to ask the necessary questions, to make the proper entries, and to leave the premises as soon as his business has been transacted. His conduct must be judicious, and it is only when persons refuse to answer questions or to give the required information that legal proceedings may be taken against them.
27. Unless otherwise specified in the detailed instructions, the census year shall be the year beginning April 1, 1900, and ending March 31, 1901, for all questions and subjects under schedules 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, and the year beginning January 1 and ending December 31, 1900, for all questions and subjects under schedules 8, 9, 10 and 11.
28. Unless otherwise instructed for particular localities, enumerators are required to begin the canvass of their respective districts on Monday the first day of April, and to prosecute it continuously from day to day, except Sundays, until the work is completed.
29. The day's work of census officers, commissioners, enumerators and other employees for the taking of the census will consist of eight hours of proved effective service, and all overtime work will be allowed as part of a day at the same rate of remuneration as is provided for a day's work. Ten hours of proved effective service will count as one day and one-quarter, and twelve hours as one day and one-half.
30. The Census Act published with theses instructions (pp. 32-37) should be referred to for other duties of census officers of the several classes, especially as proved in sections 11 and 12 of the Act; and also for the authority under which they may proceed to collect every particular of information called for in the schedules, as provided in 16, 17, 18, 19 and other sections of the Act.
Instructions Relating to All Schedules.
31. The commissioner will fill the blanks in the heading of each schedule with the name of the Province or Territory, the name of the electoral district, the number of the polling sub-division or other unit of enumeration, and the name of the city, town, village, township or parish in which the polling subdivision or unit of enumeration is situated, according as the blanks in each schedule heading requires; and he will furnish each enumerator with a written or printed copy of the boundaries of the area assigned to him, whether a polling sub-division or an area of greater or less extent.
32. The enumerator will study with great care the written description of the boundaries of the territory assigned to him (as provided, in Instructions 13 and 31), so that he may have a thorough knowledge of it. He should make himself acquainted not only with the precise boundaries of his territory, but with every portion of it which may be rural or urban, so that farm lands may be distinctly separated from towns, villages and hamlets or parts of such centers of population. He should be careful to set at rest any doubt that may arise as to boundaries between his own and adjoining enumeration territories in order to assure himself that no single house or portion of land is omitted from the enumeration and that none is included which belongs to the territory of another enumerator.
33. In some sparsely settled regions several townships or parishes may be grouped to form one polling sub-division or unit of enumeration assigned to one enumerator, and where this occurs, the name of each township or parish should be entered in the blank line. But in every such case the name of each township or parish should also be written by the enumerator on the left hand margin of the sheet, as required in No. 16 of these Instructions, in order that the census of each may be kept separate and distinct.
34. Where two or more townships or parishes are united to form one municipality the same instruction should be followed, for the purpose of future reference and comparison when each one of such townships or parishes may become organized as a distinct municipality.
35. The number of each page will be entered consecutively on the sheets in the blanks left for it in the headings, and when a page is filled the enumerator will sign his name in the blank left for it in the heading. He should also enter after the world "Enumerator" the day or days on which the sheet was filled, thus: April 2, or April 3-5, or as the case may be.
36. The enumerator is required to make all entries on the schedules in ink of good quality, and every name, word, figure or mark should be clear and legible. If a schedule cannot be read, or if the entries are made with a poor quality of ink, or in pencil, or if they are blurred or blotted, the work of the enumerator may be wholly wasted. The census is intended to be a permanent record, and its schedules will be stored in the Archives of the Dominion.
37. Every sheet of the schedules and other special forms, whether filled or not and whether spoiled or not, must be returned by the enumerator to the commissioner, and by the commissioner to the Census Office at Ottawa.
38. Census commissioners and enumerators should read all Instructions in the light of the Specimen schedules 1, 2, and 3, which are supplied to illustrate clearly the sense in which every schedule of the series is required to be filled. If there is any doubt in the mind of the enumerator on any point, either before or after the work of the census has commenced, he should communicate at once with the commissioner of his census district; and if there is any uncertainty in the mind of the commissioner he should apply either to the Census officer who has instructed him, or to the chief officer of the Census at Ottawa.
Instructions For Schedule No. 1.
40. Schedule No. 1 is framed with the object of enumerating the population of the country by name. Every person whose habitual home or place of abode is in an enumerator's district in any part of the Dominion is to be entered on the schedule by name, irrespective of age, sex or condition -- the head of the family or household to be taken first and the other members in regular order.
41. In columns 1 and 2 the dwelling house and the family or household will be numbered in the order of visitation, and as in the same house there may be one or more families or households the numbering under the two heads of the schedule will not necessarily correspond. As defined in the Census Act, the term "house" includes ships, vessels, dwellings or places of abode of any kind. Any structure which provides shelter for a human being is a house, and if it has only one entrance it counts only as one dwelling house, no matter how many families it may shelter; but if there are two front or principal doors leading into separate parts, the structure will be counted as two houses.
42. The population is grouped for census purposes under the heads of families, households and institutions. In the restricted sense of the term, a family consists of parents and sons and daughters united in a living and housekeeping community: but in the larger sense it may include other relatives and servants. A household may include all persons in a housekeeping community, whether related by ties of blood or not, but usually with one of their number occupying the position of head. But single persons living alone who have a special dwelling and carry on their own housekeeping are also to be regarded as households. Other persons living alone, as persons who rent rooms and only sleep in the house, will be included in the list of those households which carry on housekeeping for them, although they may take meals elsewhere. An institution household includes such establishments as hospitals, asylums, poor house, prisons, penitentiaries, schools of learning, barracks, etc., whose inmates, if they have no home or domicile elsewhere outside of the institution, are to be entered under the name of the institution. The attendants, cooks, etc., of an institution are not to be counted with the guests or inmates, but with the household of the head of the institution, or with their own or other household of which they form a part.
43. The heads of families, households and institutions are required to furnish the enumerator with all particulars regarding every person in the family, household or institution, as called for in the schedules.
44. In making the entries of the names of all persons in a family or household in column 3, there will be no doubt as regards a very large majority of the population. Their homes are fixed and known. But in every case where members of a family or household are temporarily absent from their home or usual place of abode, their names and records should be dealt with so as to conform as nearly as may be with the general conception of a de jure system of enumeration. The Christian name and surname of each person should be entered in this column in full, but if the person have a middle name it will only be necessary to write the initial of it.
47. The races of men will be designated by the use of "w" for white, "r" for red, "b" for black and "y" for yellow. The whites are, of course, the Caucasian race, the reds are the American Indian, the blacks are the African or negro, and the yellows are the Mongolian (Japanese and Chinese). But only pure whites will be classed as whites; the children begotten of marriages between whites and any one of the other races will be classed as red, black or yellow, as the case may be, irrespective of the degree of colour.
48. In column 6 the head of each family or household will be entered as such, and all others according to the relationship -- as wife, son, daughter, servant, boarder, lodger, partner, etc. The persons in an institution may be described as officer, inmate, patient, prisoner, pupil, etc.
49. Under column 7 the description will be given by the use of the initial letter of "s" for single, "m" for married, "w" for widowed and "d" for divorced. Persons separated as to bed and board will be described as married.
51. In describing the country or place of birth it will suffice in the case of all persons born out of Canada to give the name of the country, as England, France, Germany or the United States, without giving the names of smaller sub-divisions. If born in Canada, the name of the Province or Territory should be given, as it will be serve to indicate the tendency towards migration. In all cases, too, it is important to know whether the person is country born or town born, which will be denoted by the addition of the letter "r" for rural or the letter "u" for urban, as the case may be. Thus, a person born in a town in Nova Scotia will be described in column 11 as "N.S. u," or if born on a farm in Quebec as "Q. r."
52. If the person is foreign born the year of immigration to Canada will be entered in column 12; and if born in some other country than the United Kingdom or any of its colonies or dependencies, the year in which the person has been naturalized and has acquired rights of citizenship should be entered in column 13. If the person has applied for papers, but has not yet reached the full status of citizenship, the fact should be indicated by writing in the column the letters "pa".
53. Among whites the racial or tribal origin is traced through the father, as in English, Scotch, Irish, Welsh, French, German, Italian, Scandinavian, etc. Care must be taken, however, not to apply the terms "American" or "Canadian" in a racial sense, as there are no races of men so called. "Japanese," "Chinese" and "negro" are proper racial terms; but in the case of Indians the names of their tribes should be given, as "Chippewa", "Cree", etc. Persons of mixed white and red blood -- commonly known as "breeds" -- will be described by addition of the initial letters "f.b." for French breed, "e.b." for English breed "s.b." for Scotch breed and "i.b." for Irish Breed. For example: "Cree f.b." denotes that the person is racially a mixture of Cree and French; and "Chippewa s.b." denotes that the person is Chippewa and Scotch. Other mixtures of Indians besides the four above specified are rare, and may be described by the letters "o.b." for other breed. If several races are combined with the red, such as English and Scotch, Irish and French, or any others, they should also be described by the initials "e.b." A person whose father is English, but whose mother is Scotch, Irish, French, or any other race, will be ranked as English, and so with any others -- the line of descent being traced through the father in the white races.
54. Nationality is a term of more or less conventional meaning. But as it applies by right of established usage to the citizens of Canada -- the expression 'new nationality' was in sense introduced in the speech with which the Governor General opened the first Canadian Parliament -- it is proper to use Canadian in column 15 as descriptive of every person whose home is in the country and who has acquired rights of citizenship in it. A person who was born in the United States, or France, or Germany or other foreign country, but whose home is in Canada and who is a naturalized citizen, should be entered as a Canadian; so also should a person born in the United Kingdom or any of its colonies, whose residence in Canada is not merely temporary. An alien person will be classified by nationality according to the country of his birth, or the country to which he professes to owe allegiance.
55. The religion of each person will be entered according as he or she professes, specifying the church or denomination to which the person belongs or adheres, or which he or she favors. If the sons or daughters belong, or adhere to, or favor another church or denomination than that of their parents, or of either of them, the proper entry should be made; but except such cases they should be classed with their parents. The classification of the people by their religious faith must not ignore any church, or denomination, or form of belief, saving in the case of a church or denomination whose identity has been lost by union or otherwise. There is no State Church in Canada, and if a person is not a member of or does not adhere to or favor any one church or denomination he must not be classed with one or another. If he is an agnostic, or a non-believer, or a pagan, or a reincarnationist, or whatever his relationship to religion may be, he should be so classed.
56. In columns 17-21 inclusive the enumerator will enter the profession, occupation, trade or means of living of each person, and indicate the positions they occupy as persons living on their own means, as employers, as employees, or as working on their own account.
57. The chief or principal calling is the only one to be recorded; that is to say, the one on which the condition of life chiefly rests and from which the gains, earnings or income are chiefly obtained.
58. Expressions such as "manufacturer", "merchant" and "laborer" are inadequate; the particular branch of industry, or trade, or profession or other calling in which the person enumerated is engaged should be given. Workingmen and day laborers should always state the kind of work or business branch in which they are usually employed, as farm laborer. If the person is a laborer in a mill, factory or workshop, specify the works in addition to the term laborer, thus, "laborer (brick works)". If he is a skilled workman, specify besides the general name of the industry in which he is employed, the particular branch of it in which he is engaged and the material in which he works, as "brass-founder", "cotton spinner", "gold-miner". If the person has retired from his gainful calling or occupation, it will be indicated by adding the letter "r" to the description.
59. For persons who do not carry on any remunerative calling and live on their own means, as from incomes, superannuation, annuities, pensions for persons who are employers, as mill-owners, large farmers whose work is done by others for which salaries or wages are paid; for employees who work for salaries or wages; and for persons employed in gainful occupation, doing their own work, the proper entries will be made in columns 18, 19, 20 and 21 respectively. An affirmative answer will be indicated by the down stroke ( | ) and the negative answer by the dash ( - ) in the proper column.
60. If married women, other female dependents or children carry on a gainful or wage-earning occupation in any capacity, the kind of occupation will be given, and they will be classed as employers or employees as the case may be; but if they are only carrying on domestic affairs in a household without wages they are not to be classed as having any occupation. A person doing piece-work at home will be entered according to the occupation, whether employed under contract or agreement with a manufacturer or other employer of labor, or as a helper to the person so employed.
61. The rank in principal calling or occupation is to be clearly given, so that it can be exactly recognized whether the enumerated person is (1) an independent business manager; or (2) belongs to the business office (as manager, inspector, confidential clerk, book-keeper, clerk of works, cashier, treasurer, foreman or other working official; or (3) stands in some working relation (such as journeyman, assistant, apprentice, factory operative, workman, waiter, shop man, salesman, day laborer, navy, coachman, drayman, stableman, handyman, cook, maid, housemaid, female servant, farm laborer, farmer's son -- the position or office of the enumerated person being always given in connection with the business, occupation or profession.
62. Entries under the heading of Wage Earners will be made under columns 22 to 27 inclusive, for each person named in column 3 who is employed in any industrial or other occupation and is paid salary, wages or other money allowance for his or her service, and whether employed by piece-work or by time (house, day, week), at home, in a factory, or elsewhere.
63. Columns 22, 23 and 24 refer particularly to employees in factory work, and the additional letters "f" and "h" will be used to denote whether the place of employment is the factory or the home, or both. The down stroke "( | ) f" denotes that the person is working at his trade in the factory; "( | ) h" will denote that he is working at home; and "(|) f h" will denote that during the census year he has been working part of the time in the factory and part of it at home. The entries in columns 23 and 24 will show how much of the year, as expressed in months, he has employed at his trade in the factory and at home respectively.
64. In column 25 will be entered the number of months that the person has been employed otherwise than at his regular trade in the factory or at home; or, if not a tradesman, at whatever his occupation may be, if it is a wage-earning one. For census purposes the terms salary and wages have a common meaning, being the amount or sum of money which one person employed by another receives for his service, whether the work done be professional, literary or handicraft.
65. Columns 28 to 33 related to the education and language of each person named in the schedules, of the age of five years and over. Column 28 refers of course to persons of school age, being those over five and under twenty-one years. If the person has attended school during the census year the time will be indicated by the number of months, and if he or she has not attended school during the year it will be indicated by a horizontal dash ( - ).
66. Columns 29, 30, 31 and 32 will be answered by the figure 1 for "Yes" and by a dash (-) for "No", as the fact may be; and account is not to be taken of the degree of proficiency as regards any one of the questions. English and French were made official languages by section 133 of the British North America Act, 1867, and therefore special provision is made in the schedule of a record of all persons five years of age and over who speak one or other of these languages. But the same person may speak both languages, and in every such case the answer (1) "Yes" should be entered in both columns.
67. Mother tongue is one's native-language, the language of his race; but not necessarily the language in which he thinks, or which he speaks most fluently, or uses chiefly in conversation. Whatever it may be, whether English, French, Gaelic, Irish, German, Swedish, Russian or any other, it should be entered by name in column 33 if the person speaks the language, but not otherwise.
68. Infirmities are recorded under the heads of the three classes, (a) "Deaf and dumb", (b) "Blind", and (c) "Unsound mind". It is not necessary that the degree of infirmity should be absolute or total, but that it should be so sufficiently marked in any one of those classes as to have reached the stage of incapacity. If the infirmity is congenital (that is to say, if tit is born with one), or if it dates from childhood, the words "from childhood" should be added, thus: "Blind, from childhood". The infirmity, where it exists in a person, will be entered by name in column 34: and where it does not exist the entry in the column will be dash ( - ), or usual sign for a negative.
69. The literal meaning of the term de jure is "by right of law", "rightfully", or legally"; but the term has no strict legal meaning. Neither in the statutes nor in the decisions of the courts has an exact or fixed definition been given to it. When, therefore, it has been ordered that the enumeration of the people shall be in accordance with the de jure system, there is room for misunderstanding and error, in spite of instructions on the usage meaning of the term.
70. There is a probability that some persons may be counted in two places, and that others may not be counted at all. A domestic servant, for example, may be reported at the home of her parents as a member of the family de jure, and she may also be reported as de jure of the household where she is employed. Or if absent from home for a comparatively long time and in her present place of service for only a short time, she may be left out of the enumeration altogether. The same thing may occur in the case of clerks, salesmen, artisans, laborers, railway employees, etc.
71. It is not possible to lay down a rule applicable to every case; but, generally, where there is a doubt, reference to the names of persons who are temporarily absent by number of page and line in schedule No 1 should be entered in the Special Form A at the same time that the enumeration is being made according to schedule No. 1, and with the help of information supplied in this way a large percentage of possible defects and errors may be eliminated at the Census Office.
72. The enumerator will enter in Special Form A the reference by number of page and line in schedule No. 1 to the name of every member of a family or household who is reported to be absent from the home or domicile, and whose absence is considered by the head of the family or household (or whoever gives the information) as temporary.
73. A student at college, a sailor or fisherman at sea, a lumberman in the forest, a merchant or trader in foreign parts, a commercial traveler on the road, inmates of hospitals, penal institutions etc., and other like persons whose period of absence is more or less definite and known, should be so entered.
74. But in the case of persons who have gone away from the home or domicile to which they belonged to pursue some trade or calling, or to begin life on their own account in any part of Canada or in another country, no record should be made by the enumerator either in schedule No. 1 or in the Special Form unless there is a fixed period of return.
75. If the head of the family or household (or whoever gives the information) is in doubt concerning the intention of such persons to return, and if they be absent twelve months, they are not to be taken in the census by the enumerator, the presumption being that they have settled elsewhere.
76. Persons in a family or household whose home or domicile has been elsewhere should not be taken by the enumerator unless it be ascertained that they do not intend to return, when they should be entered on schedule No. 1 whether the time of their residence in the locality be long or short.
77. In the case of every entry in the Special Form A, enter in columns 1 and 2 the number of page and line of schedule No. 1 on which the name occurs of a person ascertained to be temporarily absent. The number of months of absence from home is to be recorded in column 3. In column 4 is to be recorded the answer to the question: "Does person intend to return home?" Under column 5, describing "Locality where person is to be found" give (if in Canada) name of Province or Territory and of city, town or village, with street and house number; or of township, parish or other municipality, with concession and lot of cadastral number; and also post office address. If out of Canada, give name of country only, or of State if in the United States.
78. Inquire of the head of every family or household (or whoever gives the information) if any person of the family or household is temporarily absent, so that the proper record concerning such person may be made in the Special Form A.
79. No. 43 of these Instructions requires the heads of families, households and institutions to furnish the enumerator with all particulars regarding every person in the family, household or institution, as called for in the schedules. It may happen, however in the case of boarders, lodgers and others that the head of the family, household or institution is unable, owing to their temporary absence, to give the details of information regarding such persons at the time when the enumerator calls, and to provide for such cases Special Form B has been prepared. It is an individual form, similar in every particular to schedule No. 1, and one copy of it will be left by the enumerator with the head of the family, household or institution for each such person, to be filled up by a date and house marked thereon by the enumerator, and to be collected by him and entered in its proper place in schedule No.1.
80. Section 17 of the Census Act provides that every person who willfully or without lawful excuse refuses to fill up to the best of his knowledge and belief any schedule required of him by the enumerator, or other person employed in the execution of the Act, "or refuses or neglects to sign and deliver up or otherwise return the same when and as required, or makes, signs, delivers or returns, or causes to be made, signed, delivered or returned, any willfully false answer or statement as to any matter specified in such schedules, shall incur a penalty not exceeding forty dollars and not less than one dollar."
This volume of the Census deals wholly with population, and the tables are grouped under the fine following classes, namely:
Comparative tables of population
Areas, houses, families, population, sex and conjugal condition
Regions of the people
Origins and nationalities
Birthplace and immigration
The first group comprises tables showing:
Population of 1871, 1881, 1891 and 1901, compared by Electoral Districts within their present limits (1901), pp. 2-5
Houses, families and population in 1891-1901, compared by Census Districts within their present limits (1901), pp. 6-9
Sex and conjugal condition in 1891-1901, compared by Census Districts within their present limits (1901), pp. 10-17
Rural and urban population in 1891-1901, compared by Census Districts within their present limits (1901), pp. 18021
Population of cities and towns having over 5,000 inhabitants in 1901, compared with 1871, 1881, 1891, pp.22.


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September 12, 2020 December 21, 2020 | DoDubrovnik
A magical oasis of calm
Lokrum Island is a small island and nature reserve, located only a 10-minute ferry ride from Dubrovnik. You can spot it from many points in the town, such as from the Old Town Walls, Old Port or Mount Srđ.
Once used as a quarantine, Lokrum Island is now a popular day retreat for locals and tourists, a wonderful escape from the hustle and bustle of Dubrovnik.
This lush island is full of gorgeous gardens, rabbits and peacocks that run around freely, hidden coves and nude beaches. It is also covered in rich vegetation with numerous plant species, including very interesting specially imported tropical varieties. You will love the fact that Lokrum is entirely uninhabited! Beautiful place to hike around and explore.
On top of all that, Lokrum is famous as one of the filming locations from the popular Game of Thrones TV series, so many fans of the show head there for that reason too.
Important info before you travel
Lokrum Island ferry
How to get to Lokrum Island
Lokrum Island map
What to see and do on Lokrum
Rabbits and peacocks
Lokrum beaches
Lokrum Island Dead Sea
Lokrum Island Botanical garden
Lokrum Monastery
Cliff jumping
Lokrum Fort Royal
Lokrum Island Game of Thrones
Lokrum restaurants and bar
Lokrum Island Curse
RULES: Since Lokrum is a nature reserve, there are certain rules when visiting it. It is not allowed to:
throw away any rubbish
bring dogs
smoke anywhere on the island
light the fire
stay on the island overnight
THERE ARE NO GROCERY STORES: There is a small kiosk on the island but the prices are astronomic. Make sure to BRING WATER, take some snacks and other necessities before going.
WHAT TO BRING: A swimsuit, towel, sunscreen, a hat, a book to read, snacks, water, walking shoes, a camera, some food to feed animals on the island.
LAST BOAT DEPARTURE: Make sure to check what time the last boat to the mainland departs so you don't miss the last ride out.
NO NEED TO BOOK A TOUR: You don't need any tour to visit Lokrum! If you're interested to learn a bit of history, the visitor center sells a useful booklet with a map in which all sights are explained. You can also hire the audio guide, but I don't think they are worth hiring. You have to hire them for a certain period, but there won't be enough time to see all the areas pointed out.
THERE IS NO ACCOMMODATION ON THE ISLAND: The island is uninhabited, which means there are no houses or hotels on Lokrum. There are two reasons for that:
The island is allegedly cursed for anyone who stays overnight on the island.
As a nature reserve, there is no accommodation on Lokrum and it is forbidden to otherwise stay overnight on the island.
KAYAKING: You can join the tour and kayak around the island, but you're not allowed to leave kayaks on the island.
SWIMMING TO THE ISLAND: For those of you wondering if it's possible to swim to the island. In theory, yes, but technically, there are cruise ships, speed boats, yachts and jet skis going around and if you don't want to die just stick with the boat.
You can buy Lokrum Island ferry tickets at the desk in front of the boat on the day of departure. An employee will be standing in front of the boat selling them.
You can also buy tickets online, but I don't recommend it, as there are no skip the line tickets, so you'll have to wait in the line just like everybody else.
TICKET PRICE: An adult ticket costs 200 KN per person, a child ticket costs 50 KN, while children under 5 can travel for free. The tickets include entry fees to the Nature Reserve of Lokrum and a round-trip ferry ride.
Cash and Kuna only!
With a 3-day Dubrovnik Card you'll get a 20% discount.
The public boat ticket price includes the entry fees to the Nature Reserve, but if you arrive with another boat, like a private one, you'll have to pay 120KN at the information center on the island.
Lokrum Island is easily accessible from Dubrovnik via public ferry service. There are also people selling tours and private transport on the stalls inside the Old Port but I highly recommend public boat! The journey time is only 10 minutes.
The public boat to Lokrum departs from the big pier in the Old Town harbor. Just jump on it and 10 minutes later you're on Lokrum.
Public boats run daily from April to November. In high season (June-September) they leave every 30 minutes, in low season they leave hourly. You can check out the timetable on the Lokrum Island website.
The boat leaving the Old Town gives a gorgeous view of Dubrovnik from the water. Lots of photo opportunities.
Lokrum Island Map | Source: lokrum.hr
When you get to Lokrum Island you'll see a big map showing out all of the points of interest on the island. Also, there are numerous markers all over the island showing which way to go for each of the sights.
Lokrum Island What To Do
People like to check out one or two points of interest, and then spend a lazy afternoon relaxing on the rocks by the sea and swimming.
Main attractions include:
The main attraction on Lokrum are the tame rabbits and peacocks that roam jump around the island and entertain visitors. They are friendly and love having their photos taken. You'll see peacocks with their chicks on every corner, there is no need to look for them.
TIP: Bring some food with you if you want to hand feed them, as they love to come around for food.
Lokrum Beaches | Flickr photo: Yusuke Kawasaki shared under a CC BY 2.0 license
Lokrum is a popular swimming spot amongst local people.
Although there are no sandy beaches on the island, there are plenty of lovely places which offer privacy to take a dip in the sea.
Lokrum "beaches" are more like rocky areas with ladders into the sea, with no sunbeds. If you prefer sunbeds, you can find them on the grassed area.
One of the best places to swim is the Bay of Portoc, close to the embarkation dock.
You'll see people chilling out and sunbathing on the rocks while marveling at the sea all over the island, it's an absolutely zen experience you must have.
If you like adrenaline, there are cliffs that you can jump off which is quite thrilling.
Swimming around the Island is terrific, an absolute pleasure to swim in the Adriatic.
If you forget to take your swimsuit with you, have no fear, you can always go to the nudist beach to swim!
To reach the nudist beach, head left from the ferry and follow the signs marked FKK until you reach rocks at its far end. If you expect to see young and attractive girls don't raise your hopes, it's more like a 60+ sausage party.
Another popular place for a swim is the small saltwater lake known as the Dead Sea – which is just an inland saltwater swimming hole but is an absolute blast! You'll enjoy splashing around and floating in it.
Located on the southern part of the island, this crystally clear small lake is perfect for travelers who are looking for a swim in the calm and peaceful spot. There is also a popular bar right next to it.
Be warned, the rocks are slippy and be careful not to step on the sea urchins in the (Dead Sea) lake.
Botanical Garden | Flickr photo: Jennifer Boyer shared under a CC BY 2.0 license
On Lokrum Island, there is a botanical garden that features a collection of exotic plants, brought there as souvenirs from faraway lands.
The garden is home to a variety of plant life, including palm trees, cacti and eucalyptus trees, but the most striking plants are giant agaves and palms from South Africa and Brazil. The garden is managed by the University of Dubrovnik.
Lokrum Island Monastery | Photo credit: KLOTZ shared under CC BY-SA 3.0 license
The island's cultural highlight is its medieval Benedictine Monastery, which houses a restaurant, an exhibit on the island's intriguing history and a self-guided tour of Game of Thrones.
The Monastery was built in the 11th century when the Benedictines populated the island. The monks used to warn the mainland of approaching dangers such as pirates or storms ringing the bells from the island's church or lighting the fire.
Due to the damage from the 1667 Dubrovnik earthquake, some parts of the monastery originate from the 16th century.
At the end of the 18th century, the monastery was deserted, until the 19th century when Maximilian of Habsburg bought Lokrum and transformed the monastery ruins into a summer residence in neo-Gothic style surrounded by exotic greenery.
Lokrum Cliff Jumping | Flickr Photo: Miguel Mendez shared under a CC BY 2.0 license
Lokrum is a great place to go cliff diving with cliffs starting at only a couple meters and going up from there to 10 meters.
There are a couple of spots to cliff jump on the island.
One of the popular spots to jump is the Dead Sea, located close to where the ferry drops you off.
Another, more secluded spot to cliff jump on Lokrum Island is off the cliffs near the nude beach. This spot has cliffs up to 10 meters and is never crowded. You can sunbathe on the slanting rocks, which are equipped with stair descent to the sea.
Fort Royal | Photo credit: Pudelek shared under a CC BY-SA 3.0 license
This circular fort was built on the highest point of the island by the French (during the French occupation in the early 19th century) but it was mainly used by the Austrians.
It offers a magnificent view of Dubrovnik, Cavtat and the surrounding islands.
You will have a great time with amazing views and photo opportunities.
Lokrum Island doubles as the city of Qarth. You'll most likely remember the garden party scene in season 2 episode 5, where Daenerys attends the party and meets the warlocks.
Lokrum Island appeared in Season 2, Episode 5 'The Ghost of Harrenhal' when it was visited by Daenerys Targaryen as she socializes with the city's finest. The scene is set in the cloister of the island's former Benedictine monastery.
Lokrum Visitor's Center (located in the Benedictine monastery) has a special Game of Thrones exhibit/ self-guided tour of Game of thrones. You can watch interviews with the cast and producers about how they logistically film in Dubrovnik. Most people weren't watching the videos, but I highly recommend sitting in on 1 or 2. They were fascinating.
There's an interesting interactive map showing all the filming locations in Croatia and the number of panels specifies which Dubrovnik monuments were used in particular scenes.
The Visitor's Center is also home to the infamous Iron Throne, which you're free to sit on.
Also, the Iron Throne (replica, the real one is in Belfast) is located in this building and you can take a picture on it! You can also take a picture for free on the iron throne.
Fun fact: Peacocks roaming around Lokrum Island inspired the directors of Game of Thrones to include them in the decorations of Qarth.
Lokrum restaurants and bars
Some visitors prefer to pack their own food and make a picnic on the island, which is a great idea. However, if you prefer to sit in a restaurant these are your options:
Lacroma Restaurant– If you want a proper meal this is the best choice on Lokrum. Situated by the monastery.
Snack Bar Lacroma – As the name says, this is a place for a quick bite to eat, drinks or dessert. It is located close to where the ferry drops you on the island.
Konoba Rajski Vrt– Also a good option for a proper lunch. Situated by the monastery.
Lake Cocktail Bar – A relaxed place for a coffee or a drink. Situated by the Dead Sea.
According to legend, Lokrum is a cursed island.
In 1023. the Benedictines established an abbey and monastery on the island, where they lived peacefully for centuries until Napoleon Bonaparte came to the scene and imposed high contributions to the Dubrovnik Republic. In need of money, Dubrovnik Republic accepted the proposal of three Dubrovnik nobles whose words were highly valued who suggested the sale of Lokrum and ejecting the Benedictines from the island. The monks begged to prevent this, but they failed.
Angry with that decision, before they left, they put a curse on the island:
They hold the last mysterious procession, walking around the island in their hooded cloaks with lighted candles turned upside-down, as they shouted the horrifying words: "Whosoever claims Lokrum for his own personal pleasure shall be damned!".
Here comes the interesting part, the deaths…
The curse started to work soon after, first killing three of those Dubrovnik nobles who suggested that the Benedictines should leave Lokrum. One was killed by his servant, the other drowned in the sea, and the third jumped into his death from Lovrijenac fortress.
A few years later, Napoleon was exiled to St Helena where allegedly he had been systematically poisoned, after which he died in severe pains.
One of the owners was Maximilian I of Mexico, who was executed in Mexico by a firing squad. His wife Archduchess Charlotte of Austria (princess of Belgium), went completely insane. Maximilian's nephew inherited the island and drowned already on the first day of his arrival after a very strong wind overturned his boat between Dubrovnik and the island.
After that, the island was sold and bought so many times by so many people, and something brutal happened to each and every one of them. Over time, being the witnesses of these harsh events, people became superstitious and refused to spend the night on the island, believing that the curse will get to them.
The last owner of Lokrum was the Habsburg princess Windisch Grätz. In 1919, Lokrum was sold to the Government of Yugoslavia. But the curse did not stop. A whole family just disappeared on Lokrum in the 1930s. Because of these unpleasant events, the superstition of the cursed island lingers to this day.
This superstition still lives, even after centuries that passed by, as not so many people would dare to stay on the island and spend the night there.
Today, Lokrum is a gorgeous destination to enjoy only during the day.
It is said that the curse will be lifted when all the wax from the candles is picked up.
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If you have any questions, disagreements or suggestions please comment and let us know! We'd love your feedback on this.
Posted in Day Trips	day trips
< Dubrovnik to Montenegro


❶Synonyms are words that have similar meaning. So as we progress, we need to keep consistently checking to see if our skills our improving.
There are some people who could learn a language doing virtually anything but most people need to be more careful if they are going to end up speaking a new language, not just being good at filling in gaps, memorizing words or answering set questions.
Instead, mostly, the homework asks learners to engage only a limited part of themselves, mainly their intellect or memory. Learning a language so you can use it takes a lot more than that. For some subjects this may work, but nor for language. You may believe that you can build your language skills by doing homework or study. However do consider, that most times the homework is determined by someone else teacher, book, etc , not the learner.
They are generic exercises designed to help you better understand XYZ. There are different reasons for the limited value of these kinds of exercises. Some students, the so called talented language learners or the ones who are driving their own learning, can transform this kind of exercise into something they can use to drive their language development forward. If you have been learning a language and believe that what I have been writing about fits you, namely, you have done a lot of exercises and work but your language does not seem to be improving, then the way to alter that dynamic is to put yourself back in charge of your learning.
That means a lot more than choosing the kind of books you use. It means doing the kind of learning which requires you to fully engage yourself, in the way you would need to, for example, to learn a computer game. Language is a skill, not just a subject defined by knowledge and memory. So as we progress, we need to keep consistently checking to see if our skills our improving.
If you have any further questions please do not hesitate to send us a query; it is totally free of cost, and we promise to get back to you at the earliest. You must be logged in to post a comment. Enter your keyword Search. Home English Homework Help. Here are a few additional reasons that make us superior to other English — help organizations: Our team of English experts ensure correct use of grammar, punctuations and structure to warrant you high marks in your English assignment.


90s Music: Last of a dying breed?
90s music is considered by a lot of people as the last great decade of music. The reason that opinion is shared by the majority of musicians and historians are because of a variety of reasons.
One of the reasons is the lyrics. The lyrics of any song are one of the most telling aspects of a good song. People say the lyrics of 90s songs were of substance, relevance, and a sense of innocence. Substance: the songs were talking about issues that mattered to the world that day. Lyrics were dealing with intimate relationships whether friendship, romantic, and biological. Lyrics that were to tap into your basic sense of being.
Relevance: the most identifying part of whether music is timeless is its relevance. Relevance says, does the song have any importance right now as it did 20 years ago? That is what the vast majority of music lacks today. The songs made today are suited for this precise moment, but they will be outdated in 5, 10, 15 years from now. 90s music is a testament of a time. Where the 80s was of excess, the 90s was about the basics of life and society.
Also, the music of the 90s had a sense of innocence to them. Songs such as "Kiss Me," "Kissing Game," and others spoke of a certain feeling of naivete to them. Before cell phones and the internet was huge. These songs were shared through interpersonal means, meaning if people wanted to get a song, you had to actually give the tape, CD, or album to someone. There, you could discuss what songs you liked, where they were on the CD, and what they meant to you.
90s music also had a sense of honesty to them. From Matchbox 20's "Back 2 Good" to Toni Braxton's "Unbreak My Heart"—songs such as those were felt with a universal, honest appeal to them, not superficial, unrealistic themes. To say that today's music does not have an honest appeal would be inaccurate because we live in a superficial, unrealistic type of society. However, 90s music was the pendulum swinging back to a more realistic, idealistic spectrum as opposed to the excess spectrum of the 80s.
Another aspect of 90's music is that the majority of songs and groups were of substance. Substance means they had a certain talent or something substantial in them that made them special. Like the Wallflowers or En Vogue, those groups were of substance because what made them stand out was their sheer talent and their talent is what made them stars. The substance is also what you as an artist represent. The majority of groups in the 90s were authentic to an extent but the authenticity of their presentation was what people remember most about them. For me, they represented a time where you had a lot of artists who were passionate about their art and who cared about the music they created consequently when you have artists that care about what kind of music they put out, you have quality music. As a result, when you have great artists putting out great music, then music as a whole is great. That is the vast difference between then and now. You have the occasional good artist now, maybe two or three but the vast majority of the artists are not and as a result, music as a whole suffers.
90s music was also where you could follow your path and be successful. You could be who you were and there was enough open-mindedness that it not only you would be accepted but successful. From Genuine, Erykah Badu, Green Day—all these artists were very different yet they were able to find their niche without altering who they were and crowds not only accepted them but embrace and admire their uniqueness. In 2019, these artists have not only stood the test of time but, in some ways, help define the decade.
To me 90s music was the time before social media took what was social out of society. 90s music was a time where you could ride in a car and really listen to songs without worrying about the content. To me, 90s music was a time where innocence was a good thing. To me, 90s music was about the craft and the love of the art, not the love of likes, followers, or the dollar. To say that music won't get back to a more substantial level is to be pessimistic, but it is a realistic approach. 90s music will always be regarded as the last decade of great, not good, music. Nothing will ever be the same again.
I am a DJ for over 20yrs and I teach music as well. My goal is to entertain as well as educate. The environment creates the music!


text:
#ifndef RenderSVGForeignObject_h
#define RenderSVGForeignObject_h

#include "core/rendering/svg/RenderSVGBlock.h"

namespace blink {

class SVGForeignObjectElement;

class RenderSVGForeignObject FINAL : public RenderSVGBlock {
public:
    explicit RenderSVGForeignObject(SVGForeignObjectElement*);
    virtual ~RenderSVGForeignObject();

    virtual const char* renderName() const OVERRIDE { return "RenderSVGForeignObject"; }

    virtual bool isChildAllowed(RenderObject*, RenderStyle*) const OVERRIDE;

    virtual void paint(PaintInfo&, const LayoutPoint&) OVERRIDE;

    virtual void layout() OVERRIDE;

    virtual FloatRect objectBoundingBox() const OVERRIDE { return FloatRect(FloatPoint(), m_viewport.size()); }
    virtual FloatRect strokeBoundingBox() const OVERRIDE { return FloatRect(FloatPoint(), m_viewport.size()); }
    virtual FloatRect paintInvalidationRectInLocalCoordinates() const OVERRIDE { return FloatRect(FloatPoint(), m_viewport.size()); }

    virtual void mapRectToPaintInvalidationBacking(const RenderLayerModelObject* paintInvalidationContainer, LayoutRect&, ViewportConstrainedPosition, const PaintInvalidationState*) const OVERRIDE;
    virtual bool nodeAtFloatPoint(const HitTestRequest&, HitTestResult&, const FloatPoint& pointInParent, HitTestAction) OVERRIDE;
    virtual bool isSVGForeignObject() const OVERRIDE { return true; }

    virtual void setNeedsTransformUpdate() OVERRIDE { m_needsTransformUpdate = true; }

private:
    virtual void updateLogicalWidth() OVERRIDE;
    virtual void computeLogicalHeight(LayoutUnit logicalHeight, LayoutUnit logicalTop, LogicalExtentComputedValues&) const OVERRIDE;

    virtual const AffineTransform& localToParentTransform() const OVERRIDE;

    bool m_needsTransformUpdate : 1;
    FloatRect m_viewport;
    mutable AffineTransform m_localToParentTransform;
};

}

#endif

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Cut back on waste AND save money.
Cutting costs and waste is a trend that's here to stay. The good new is that there are a lot of things we use every day around our homes that, by swapping them out with environmentally-friendly alternatives, can save a lot of dollars and waste. Eco-journalist Candice Batista shares some of her favourite smart swaps for common items around the house.
Swap plastic plates that end up in landfill and leach into the soil and water for Timber Child wooden plates, handmade in Canada from sustainable maple wood. No glues or PVC are used; it's coated with food grade organic Hemp seed oil and local beeswax. Bonus: They come in different shapes and sizes!
Shampoo and conditioner bottles not only clutter up our bathrooms, but they aren't great for the environment. These colour-safe, vegan options from Unwrapped Life are also gluten, toxin and cruelty-free! They are great for the home, your gym bag, and travelling, and they also come with reusable tins. Win!
Dental floss is coated with plastic, it ends up in the garbage or the toilet, and it's just not good for the planet. A better option is Dental Silk (like this one from Floss Pot) because it's biodegradable and refillable and you can keep the little glass jar it comes in.
Plastic disposable razors end up in landfill. Safety razors are a far more sustainable option. They're made to last a lifetime, contain no plastic, and the blades have very minimal packaging. You can get them from Canadian company WELL KEPT.
A lot of our paper towel comes from old growth forests that are being cut down. The average Canadian uses about four rolls of paper towel per week, spending about $35 a month. A good swap out is the UNPAPER Towel from Tracy Brooke Creations on Etsy. They're super easy to wash and reduce waste significantly in the home!
Get rid of plastic wrap and tin foil. These bowl covers are a perfect alternative: they're reusable and durable, and they wash really well. A sewn in elastic that gives a tight fit around the bowl to secure it so that it doesn't slip off.


Why not email three businesses you use to ask for a donation? Remember, your $250 procurement can be fulfilled by YOU asking businesses to donate! How about Fred Myer? Home Depot? Outback Steakhouse? Gas Stations? The worst that can happen is a "no". So try for a yes! Get your procurement in by 3pm this Friday, 2/10, and you will be entered to win a $25 gift card to Haggen!