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Lorna Peel
Author of historical fiction and mystery romance novels set in Ireland and the UK
The Fitzgeralds of Dublin Series
A Scarlet Woman
A Suitable Wife
A Discarded Son
A Forlorn Hope
A Cruel Mischief
Mystery Romance
A Summer of Secrets
My Name Is Rachel
About Lorna
Category Archives: A Summer of Secrets
Meet Sophia Nelson from A Summer of Secrets
November 14, 2016 by Lorna Peel
Thirty-three year-old Sophia Nelson is about to start work as tour guide at Heaton Abbey House, a stately home and former Cistercian Abbey in Yorkshire, England. She returned to her home town six months previously to be closer to her ageing parents, working for a short time at the town's mining museum before a suspicious fire burned it to the ground.
Her mother has dementia, suffered a stroke, and lives in a local care home. When her father fell and badly broke his arm, he couldn't live on his own anymore, so he sold the family home and moved into sheltered accommodation. Sophia slept on her father's sofa for a short time before her best friend, Michelle, offered Sophia the bed in her loft conversion. Sophia can't believe her luck in securing a local job which comes with accommodation – a flat in what used to be the stable yard of Heaton Abbey House.
Sophia gets off to an unpromising start with Thomas, Baron Heaton. She first encounters a man she later realises is him behaving suspiciously at a boathouse on the abbey estate. The following day, trying to familiarise herself with the sprawling house, she wanders into the dark library and begins to examine the leather-bound books on the shelves, not realising her employer is seated in a corner enjoying a glass of whisky. He is not too impressed that the tour guide has managed to lose herself in the house on her first day. For Sophia, it is lust at first sight of her tall, dark, and handsome employer, and who turns her into what she describes as 'a gibbering mess'.
Matters don't improve when she witnesses Lord Heaton throwing a man out of his office and later that day she bursts into tears and runs from the library when he asks her about her parents. Returning to the library to apologise for her behaviour, she hears him speaking about his sister, Stephanie, who is in hospital having just suffered a miscarriage. What Sophia overhears leaves her torn between her attraction to Lord Heaton and the fear of opening a Pandora's box if the truth were to get out. How long can Sophia stay at Heaton Abbey knowing what she does?
She was at Michelle's at eight o'clock on the dot that evening.
"Come in." Michelle smiled. "I've just put the kettle on." They brought their mugs of coffee into the living room and sat on the sofa. "So what's up? You sounded like you were about to strangle someone yesterday."
"Lord Heaton," she replied simply.
"What, he's a pain in the arse?"
"Yeah, and the rest."
"What?" Michelle's eyes bulged. "Oh, my God, you don't fancy him, do you?" Sophia looked away. "Sophia?"
"I don't know what to do," she said miserably. "I need to leave but I can't because I need the money and I need the flat but…"
"Heaton," Michelle finished and Sophia smiled sadly and nodded. "Okay, tell me what's been going on."
"Everyone thinks he's a recluse. He isn't. I mean, he doesn't go out much but it's not like he never leaves the house or anything. I mean, we've been going walking together for weeks now—"
"Walking?" Michelle interrupted incredulously. "Hang on. Hang on. Rewind. You go walking together?"
"It came up that I go walking and I asked if he'd like to come. He said yes after a bit and we go walking on the moors. Stephanie comes too at the moment, though."
"His sister?" Michelle asked.
Sophia swallowed. "Yes."
"Okay. Go on."
"I fancied him from the start. Bloody hell, it's so corny but he's tall, dark and handsome. But he's got an awful temper and he smokes."
Michelle shrugged. "You can't have everything."
"No. We just…talk. He's shy and he's lonely. He hates to admit it but he is. Everyone just treats him like 'Lord Heaton' and it's like he's become this character and has to keep on playing it. I mean, he continually calls me Ms Nelson. He's never called me Sophia once."
"And what do you call him?" Michelle frowned.
"Lord Heaton," she replied. "It sounds ridiculous but he's never once asked me to call him Thomas."
"And you never once thought to ask him to call you Sophia?" Michelle added and Sophia shrugged. "Does he fancy you?"
"What?" Michelle had reached for her mug but had to put it down again. "How do you know?"
"He, um, draws people. He's got drawings of me."
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Meet Thomas Heaton from A Summer of Secrets
November 7, 2016 by Lorna Peel
Thirty-nine year-old Thomas Heaton is the 13th Baron Heaton. He inherited the title from his father when he had just finished university at Cambridge. For almost twenty years, he has had the burden and responsibility of not wanting to be remembered as the Heaton who had to sell Heaton Abbey House. Despite working long hours – often sleeping in his office – and being regarded as a recluse, he has been forced to open up the house to the public in order to keep the estate afloat.
Luckily, the house is somewhere tourists will flock to see. Thomas' ancestor, Sir William Heaton bought the abbey and its lands following the dissolution of the monasteries in the late 1530s, renamed the abbey after himself, and remodelled the monastic buildings to suit his own domestic requirements.
A descendent of Sir William's was created a Baron in the early 18th century and more rebuilding took place, reflecting the family's elevation to the peerage. A further descendent made a fortune from coal mining, resulting in yet more rebuilding and restyling. A 20th century descendent made a catastrophic business deal and was forced to sell the mine and some land but, thankfully, the house with its mishmash of styles and five hundred acres of land remained unsold.
When he has a few minutes to spare, Thomas retreats to the abbey library to savour a glass of single-malt whisky. Having studied History of Art at university and with a weakness for full-figured Renaissance women, he can hardly believe his eyes when a curvy red-haired woman wanders in and begins to examine the books, not realising he is seated in a corner. The voluptuous Sophia Nelson may as well have walked off the pages of his art textbooks and will be working and living right on his doorstep.
Thomas' elder sister, Stephanie, recently suffered a miscarriage at the hands of her violent boyfriend and lost a lot of blood. When Thomas offered to donate blood, he is told he can't – and why – a secret that has been closely guarded for forty years and which shakes his world to the core.
When Sophia overhears the secret, Thomas can only hope she doesn't reveal it. He struggles to keep his distance and his feelings under control, despite finding himself more and more in her company. She is the tour guide – staff – someone he really shouldn't become involved with. Is it only a matter of time before the secret becomes public knowledge?
Sophia Nelson returns to her hometown in Yorkshire, England to begin a new job as tour guide at Heaton Abbey House. There, she meets the reclusive Thomas, Baron Heaton, a lonely workaholic.
Despite having a rule never to become involved with her boss, Sophia can't deny how she finds him incredibly attractive.
When she overhears the secret surrounding his parentage, she is torn. But is it her attraction to him or the fear of opening a Pandora's box that makes her keep quiet about it?
How long can Sophia stay at Heaton Abbey knowing what she does?
Closing the bedroom door, she saw Heaton crossing the stable yard. It was the first time she had seen him dressed in anything but a suit and she stopped and stared. He was wearing a brown wax jacket with a bottle green jumper underneath, khaki combat-style trousers similar to her own and brown walking boots. She sighed and shook her head. It looked as though he was one of those men who looked fabulous in everything they wore. She reached for her mobile phone, pulled on a waterproof jacket, and grabbed her car keys before going downstairs to join him.
"You'll have to move the seat back," she said as she unlocked the Mini.
He got in and moved the passenger seat so far back that he might as well have been sitting on the back seat. She looked around at him, couldn't help herself, and laughed.
"Sorry. I wanted something small and cheap to run."
He pulled a comical expression. "I was looking to see if you had a sunroof that I could stick my head through. Maybe we should go in the Land Rover?" She nodded and he got out. "I'll just get the keys from Des."
She got out, locked the car, and saw him emerge from Des' office. The two of them crossed the stable yard to the huge Land Rover.
"You'll have to give me directions to where we start from," he said as they got in.
Twenty minutes later, he pulled in at a small car park. "I haven't been up here for years. You don't walk too fast, do you?"
"No. There are two routes we can take. Up to what I call the big rock, which is eight kilometres there and back. Or up to the stone circle, which is five. Maybe five would be enough for today?"
He smiled. "I think so."
He locked the Land Rover, they climbed over the stile, and walked up onto the footpath which ran through the heather.
"It's lovely up here, isn't it?" He halted after a few paces, hands on hips, and looked around them.
"If you need to stop and catch your breath just say."
"Thanks. I'm not very fit. Walking between my office and the house isn't really enough."
They set off again at a slower pace.
"Where did you go to university?" she asked.
"Cambridge. The Heatons have always gone there. I was halfway through my final year when I learned that my father had cancer. I still have no idea how I got through my finals. The last time I saw him, he didn't know who I was, so I do understand what it's like. Unfortunately, he had run the estate like there was no tomorrow. I went into his study the day after the funeral and found drawers full of bills, invoices, and tax demands. Some went back years. It took years to pay all the creditors and the tax bill was astronomical. I'm still struggling to make ends meet and when the idea was put forward of opening the house up to coach tour parties, well, you saw what I was like. I apologise if I was rude to you. It's no excuse, but I had to go to a funeral that day and I loathe funerals."
"I hate funerals, too, and I wouldn't like complete strangers traipsing through my home so I can sympathise. But there are tours booked for the next three months and Lady Heaton is scheduling additional daily tours because so many coach tour operators want to add the abbey to their list of stops. The way things are going, the abbey will soon have tours all year round."
He nodded. "I know, but I am not dressing up as a monk or in a suit of armour for anyone."
She laughed. "What do people say to you when they ask what you do for a living?"
"When people find out I have a title it is a bit of a conversation killer. I think some people have this idea that lords are all at least fifty, frequent gentleman's clubs, and hunt, shoot and fish. I do none of those things. I was twenty-two when I inherited the title; I've been working to keep the place afloat ever since and I don't want anything to spoil that."
"It seems to be working, though."
"Yes," he agreed. "Just about."
"Mum and Dad remember when you went down the mine instead of your father when he became claustrophobic."
"Really?" He gave her an incredulous frown. "Good God, I must have been only about twelve or something. I wanted to go down with him but he wouldn't let me. Then, when he had to come back up I asked if I could go and he just waved his hand in agreement."
"Mum said that you asked lots of very good questions and that Dad was impressed. That is a huge compliment from my dad."
"Were you ever down the mine?" he asked.
"No, I was never allowed, and it's far too dangerous now. The nearest I got was the museum. I'd liked to have satisfied my curiosity but I much prefer the open air.
Mum's grandfather was killed in a pitfall and I think she always worried that the same would happen to Dad. Now most of the time she thinks he's dead." She burst into tears. "Oh, God, I'm sorry."
"Come and sit down." Taking her arm, he led her off the path. They sat down in the springy heather and she wiped her eyes. "You have to cry, and let it all out," he told her gently. "I've lost count of the number of times I've locked myself in the library and just…"
He pulled a comical expression as she stared at him. It was hard to imagine him crying his eyes out but who knows how he reacted when he left the library after learning that his real mother was a complete stranger.
"I used to cry for my family," he continued. "Me; the bills that still needed paying; the career I never had; the nightmare of possibly having to sell the estate; the fact that I have no life…that sort of thing. You have your cry then you dust yourself down and, in my case, head back out to the office."
"My friends in London didn't want me to come back up here." She fished a handkerchief out of a pocket and blew her nose. "But I had to, she's my mum. She and Dad are all I've got left and I know I'm quickly losing her. This morning she thought I was Sally, her sister. I'm really dreading a time when she forgets that I exist."
"Do you not have any other family?" he asked.
"Mum's brother, Martin, died when he was twenty," she explained. "Sally lives in Cornwall. They were never close, anyway. Dad was an only child."
"So why did you go to live in London?"
"I followed a man down there." She shook her head at her stupidity. "I thought I'd found 'the one' at long last and I thought I'd be able to persuade Dad to come and live in London, even though I knew deep down that he'd never leave Mum up here and he'd never move her down there. Anyway, needless to say, it didn't work out between Lee and me, and I was packing up down there when I got a phone call telling me that Dad had fallen and badly broken his arm and he couldn't live on his own anymore. That was six months ago. He said himself that he should go into sheltered accommodation so he sold the house and he's in The Beeches Complex now. Finding a job which has a flat going with it is fantastic." She smiled. "Do you feel like going on?"
He returned a smile. "To be honest, I'd rather sit here and talk to you. I haven't had a conversation about anything but estate business in…I don't know how long."
"To be honest, I think you work too hard."
He nodded. "I think you're right. But I have to work hard. I'm not going to be remembered as the Heaton who had to sell up. And if that means coach parties and teas, then it means coach parties and teas."
"Did you find the fridge in the end?"
He rolled his remarkable eyes. "Yes. It's now built into the kitchen cupboards in the pantry. Integrated, I think Mrs Fields called it, so no wonder I couldn't find it."
"At least you can raid it now," she teased.
He shrugged. "There's no Branston Pickle."
"I can make you a sandwich if you get a craving."
"I might just take you up on that."
She smiled and looked away, hoping that he couldn't see her blush.
"I rang the opticians in the town," he announced and she turned back. "They gave me an appointment for tomorrow morning."
"Oh. Good."
"I hope I don't pick the most hideous frames there."
"Would you like me to come with you?" she asked, hoping she wasn't overstepping the mark, and he failed to hide his relief at her offer.
"Thank you. I'd welcome another opinion. Even if I could ask Stephanie, God knows what I'd end up getting."
"I suppose I should have mentioned it before," she began. "Properly, I mean. But I was sorry to hear about Stephanie. A friend of mine in London lost a baby. It was awful."
"I suppose you've also heard that it was because her boyfriend hits her?"
Sophia nodded.
"She won't leave him. I've begged her, Lady Heaton has begged her, her friends have begged her, but she won't. I'm terrified that one day he will kill her. She went home to her apartment the other day, refused my offer of coming here for a bit. Stubborn to the last."
"I take it that she doesn't know?" she asked.
"No. And that's the way it's going to be." He sighed. "Look, I'm sorry you're caught up in all of this."
"I have to say this: I just can't help but feel you're burying your head in the sand over it all."
"Well, what can I do?" he demanded. "Turn up on your friend's doorstep and introduce myself?"
"Her name's Michelle," she told him.
"Michelle's doorstep, then. Her whole family could fall apart. It sounds dramatic but if it's anything like what's happened between Lady Heaton and me—" He stopped abruptly realising he'd said more than he had intended to. "For now," he continued quietly. "I just want to try and get my head around it all and let sleeping dogs lie."
She shrugged sadly. "All right."
"We passed a pub about a mile back," he said, jabbing a thumb back in the direction of the road. "Would you like a coffee?"
"I would love a coffee, thank you."
"Good. I'm freezing."
"Why didn't you say?"
He just shrugged comically and they returned to the Land Rover.
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Meet Stephanie Heaton from A Summer of Secrets
October 24, 2016 by Lorna Peel
Stephanie Heaton is forty – a year older than her brother, Thomas, Baron Heaton – but being female, she could not inherit the title. She went to university in London but now lives in an apartment in Leeds, and owns and runs a company which designs wedding dresses.
Officially known as The Honourable Stephanie Heaton, she prefers to be known simply as Stephanie. One of her previous employers already knew she was the sister of a baron, the other only found out after she had been with the company for over a year.
Stephanie knows Thomas works too hard and has very few friends, so she has started buying clothes for him to replace the suits she hates and which he wears all day every day. She is also encouraging her friends to bring him for nights out to get him away from the abbey, even for only a short time.
When Sophia Nelson arrives at Heaton Abbey to begin work as tour guide, Stephanie is in hospital. Simon – Stephanie's drug-dealing boyfriend – has hit her yet again. Stephanie suffered a miscarriage and lost a lot of blood.
Thomas knows Simon all too well. They were at school together and were – and still are – anything but friends. Thomas has begged Stephanie to finish with Simon and come home to the abbey but so far she has stubbornly refused. Thomas is very much afraid that one day soon Simon will kill her. Will Stephanie leave her boyfriend before it's too late?
When she overhears the secret surrounding his parentage, she is torn. But is it her attraction to him the fear of opening a Pandora's box that makes her keep quiet about it?
"Thomas?" There was a knock at the door and she bit back a curse. "Thomas?"
"Excuse me." Getting up, he went to the door and opened it. Lady Heaton stood outside wringing her hands. "What is it?"
"I've just had the police on the telephone. It's Stephanie."
"Tell me?"
"She's in hospital, Thomas. He's attacked her again."
"Christ."
"We're to go there." Lady Heaton's voice shook. "Now."
He nodded. "Get your coat, I'll get the car out." Closing the door, he inhaled and exhaled a shaky breath. "Christ."
"Is there anything I can do?" Sophia asked.
"If we're not back, then the tours and the shop," he said apologetically. "I'll have a word with Des before I go. I'm sorry that you may have to start them again so soon."
"Don't be silly. I should go," she said, going to the door. "I'm only getting in your way. I hope Stephanie will be all right."
She returned to the flat, saw him reverse the Jaguar out of the garage, then walk to the door of Des' flat. When he drove away a few minutes later, she peered out into the yard and saw light shining out from Des' office. She went downstairs and knocked at the door.
"Des? It's Sophia."
"Come in."
She went inside and found him sitting at his desk. "Do you know Stephanie at all?"
"Not very well," he replied. "She went off to university in London and now lives in Leeds. She works as a wedding dress designer and comes back here the odd time. The boyfriend is bad news. That was his brother you saw the day you arrived."
"Oh. What exactly does Simon do?"
"As little as possible, from what I can make out. His Lordship made the mistake of lending him some money a while back and now he keeps coming back for more. I think he might be a druggie. And so when he can't come, he sends his brother instead."
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Meet William and Maria Nelson from A Summer of Secrets
Sophia Nelson's father, William, is seventy-eight years-old and was a coal miner. When the mine closed in 1990, he put his heart and soul into the town's mining museum, only to see it burn to the ground in a suspicious fire and Sophia lose her job there as a result. He continues to hold out hope that the museum will be re-built and, while he is pleased Sophia has found another job, he isn't too happy that it is as tour guide at Heaton Abbey House.
Sophia's mother, Maria Nelson, is seventy-five. She worked in an engineering firm in Leeds and became friends with Danielle O'Hara, mother of Sophia's best friend Michelle, but they drifted apart when Danielle married Don Armstrong and moved to London. Maria now suffers from dementia, has recently had a stroke, and lives in Rich Hill Nursing Home.
Maria has periods of lucidity but at times she thinks Sophia is Sophia's aunt Sally, or even Sophia's grandmother. William visits his wife every day but after falling and badly breaking his arm, he had to spend some time in hospital. Because he was unable to visit her, Maria assumed he had died. Even when he left hospital and started visiting her again, Maria still thinks William is dead and that he is her long-dead brother.
Like her husband, Maria isn't happy that Sophia is now living and working at Heaton Abbey. She begs Sophia to 'get out of that place' and but refuses to say why. What happened at the abbey and is Maria speaking to Sophia, or is she thinking of someone else?
"You are looking for another job, aren't you, Sally?" her mother added.
"I've got another job now."
"Up at Heaton Abbey. I'm the—"
"The abbey?" Mrs Nelson exclaimed. "No."
"Yes… What is it?" she cried as her mother began shaking her head violently. "Mum, stop it, don't do that."
"Not that place. Not that place."
"Mum." She tried to calm her mother. "Mum, stop."
"You get out of that place. You must get out of that place."
Sophia could hear feet running down the corridor and her father and a nurse rushed into the room.
"Mrs Nelson?" The nurse tried to soothe her.
"You must get out of that place. You have to get out."
"Sophia," her father ordered. "Leave her."
"Why do I have to get out, Mum?" Sophia demanded. "Tell me."
"Sophia. Out. Now."
"Please?" the nurse begged.
Sophia got up and went out into the corridor, kicking the skirting board in frustration. A couple of minutes later her father followed.
"What the hell was that about?" he demanded.
"I don't know. She asked if I had got a job yet and I told her that I was at Heaton Abbey and she just started shouting and shaking her head."
"Right, well, you don't mention the abbey again to her. Do you hear me, Sophia?"
"Yes. I'll just lie as usual. Pretend I'm Sally one day. Pretend I'm her mother the next." She closed her eyes for a moment. "I'm sorry."
"I know," her father said quietly. "Let the nurse calm her down."
"You like the abbey, then?" he asked.
"Yes. I did my first tour yesterday."
"What's Lord Heaton like?" Mr Nelson added. "Is he a recluse like everyone says?"
"I don't really know," she replied truthfully. "He seems to work very hard and doesn't leave the estate much but I don't know if that makes him a recluse."
Posted in A Summer of Secrets, Meet My Characters	| Tagged A Summer of Secrets, Baron, British romance, coal miner, coal mining, Country House, Genealogy, Kindle Unlimited, Meet My Characters, miner, Mystery Romance, Paperback, stately home, Tour Guide, Yorkshire |
Meet Michelle Giles from A Summer of Secrets
Michelle Giles is thirty-three years old and has been Sophia Nelson's best friend since they were at school together. Michelle is married to Tony and they have one daughter, Cathy, who is six. Now Cathy is at school, Michelle works part-time in the town's tourist office.
When Sophia split up with her boyfriend and returned to Yorkshire from London to be near to her ageing parents, she slept for a while on her father's uncomfortable sofa and worked at the town's mining museum before a suspicious fire burned it to the ground. Michelle then took pity on her and offered her the bed in the loft conversion. Sophia lives with the Giles' for the next few months but eventually finds a job as tour guide at Heaton Abbey House, a stately home and former Cistercian Abbey, which comes with accommodation.
Michelle has mixed feelings about Sophia's new job and the fact that Sophia will be living at Heaton Abbey – a place people from the town have little or no connection with. Michelle doesn't want her friend 'bowing and scraping' at the abbey but, at the same time, she does want to see Sophia employed and happy again. But what if Sophia's employment and happiness includes Lord Heaton – dismissed as a recluse by everyone in the town? Will Michelle simply see the lord – the title – and not the man underneath like everyone else?
Letting herself into the flat, she blew out her cheeks before going to the cupboard and retrieving a small tin of baked beans. She emptied the contents into a saucepan, turned the gas hob on, then heard her mobile phone ringing. Picking it up and glancing at the screen her heart sank. It was Michelle.
"You'll never guess who we had an email from at work?" Michelle laughed.
"Your boss."
"You expected him to be still writing on parchment with a quill, or something?" Sophia asked, pressing the speakerphone button and carrying on with preparing her lunch.
"No. Well, maybe not a quill. Did you give him the office email address?"
"Yes, why?" Sophia put two slices of whole grain brown bread in the toaster and pushed the lever down.
"I just wondered what he was like. It's just that we're bringing out a glossy brochure. It might be the only brochure, glossy or otherwise. We'll see how it goes, but I was wondering if Lord Heaton would mind being interviewed? It would be a big plug for the place and a big scoop for us. Is he a bit…fierce?"
"No, not really," Sophia lied, opening the fridge and taking out a tub of low fat spread.
"Well, not all the time. Actually, underneath it all, I think he's a bit shy."
"Shy? Great. He probably won't do it, then?"
"There's no harm in asking. Would you be doing the interview?"
Michelle laughed. "God, no. It'll be Vincent Graves, probably. The brochure was his idea. Pity, though. Is he good-looking?"
Sophia felt herself flush and stirred the baked beans. "Yes, I suppose he is."
"Excellent. Might even get him on the cover. I'll tell Vincent. So, how's it going up there?"
Don't ask. "Very well. The flat's lovely and the tours are no problem." Provided he doesn't come on them. "I've even got the use of the wireless internet connection."
"Blimey, very hi-tech. Have you tried it out yet?"
"No, I'm still unpacking."
"And Lady Heaton? What's she like?"
Where could she start? Best not to even try. Sophia's mind then went back to Lady Heaton's peculiar behaviour as she left the drawing room. And where had all that money come from? She shrugged. No, best not even try.
"She's been pleasant so far."
"You haven't got lost at all, then?"
She just laughed and said goodbye to Michelle as the toast popped up and the beans came to the boil.
Posted in A Summer of Secrets, Meet My Characters	| Tagged A Summer of Secrets, Baron, best friend, British romance, Country House, Kindle Unlimited, Meet My Characters, Mystery Romance, Paperback, stately home, Tour Guide, Yorkshire |
The Stately Home
October 3, 2016 by Lorna Peel
A stately home is a property built in the United Kingdom and Ireland between the mid-16th century and the early part of the 20th century. They include converted abbeys and other church property following the Dissolution of the Monasteries. Stately homes are different from country houses in that a country house is always in the country, but a stately home can also be in a town or city. The phrase 'stately home' originates from the poem The Homes of England by Felicia Hemans, which was published in Blackwood's Magazine in 1827.
Lacock Abbey, Wiltshire, England
King Henry VIII's policy of the Dissolution of the Monasteries resulted in many former ecclesiastical properties being turned over to the King's favourites, who then converted them into private country houses. Lacock Abbey, Woburn Abbey, and many other properties with Abbey or Priory in their name often date from this period as private houses. These houses were a status symbol for the aristocracy and famous architects and landscape architects such as Sir Edwin Lutyens, Sir John Vanburgh, and Capability Brown were employed to incorporate new trends into the buildings and gardens. Many stately homes are an evolution of one or more styles but driven by practicality just much as architectural trends.
Sir John Vanburgh and Capability Brown
The beginning of the decline of the stately home coincided with the rise of modern industry. It provided alternative employment for large numbers of servants, but its final demise began during World War I. The huge staff required to maintain them had either left to fight and never returned, went to work in the munitions factories, or filled the void left by fighting men in other workplaces. Of those who did return home from the war, many left the countryside for better-paid jobs in towns and cities.
Some estates employed at least one hundred indoor and outdoor servants
The death blow for many stately homes came following World War II. Many were requisitioned during the war and returned to their owners in poor repair. Many had lost their heirs in one of the World Wars. Owners who survived were required to pay high rates of tax and death duties. Agricultural incomes from the accompanying estates had also fallen.
Beaupre Hall, a medieval fortified mansion, was demolished in 1966
The solution for some owners was to hold contents auctions, selling its stone, fireplaces, and panelling before demolishing the house. But some properties, including Chatsworth House, are still owned by the families who built them, retain their furniture and paintings, but have opened their house and estate to the public during the summer months. Most stately homes now have to be a business as well as a home.
A Summer of Secrets – Sophia Nelson returns to her hometown in Yorkshire, England to begin a new job as tour guide at Heaton Abbey House. There, she meets the reclusive Thomas, Baron Heaton, a lonely workaholic.
In the library he retrieved a cardboard wallet from a shelf, and brought it over to a desk, before switching on the reading lamp.
"This is an aerial view," he told her, extracting the etchings, and placing them on the desk. "Showing the layout of the monastic buildings. You probably know that most Cistercian monasteries were built to more or less the same plan. It was quite a small abbey. This is the church and a view of the cloister. Then along comes King Henry VIII…"
He was very knowledgeable and seemed to relax when he spoke of the past but with a temper like his, his chances of being a good tour guide were very slim.
"You're from the town, aren't you?" he asked, returning the etchings to the folder.
"Yes, but I've lived in Leeds and then in London until quite recently."
"What brought you back? If you don't mind my asking?"
"No," she replied, giving him a weak smile. "My mother is ill. She had a stroke and is in Rich Hill Nursing Home. She suffers from dementia, so she couldn't live at home anymore. She kept wandering off and Dad couldn't cope. I didn't want to be too far away so I came back. To the mining museum originally, but then someone took a dislike to it."
He nodded. "I'm sorry to hear about your mother."
"It must be very hard on your family."
She noticed a book on Renaissance women in the desk drawer as he opened it and placed the wallet inside. "I'm an only child but, yes, it is hard. She used to be such an active woman. She and Dad married late in life. When the mine closed, Dad—"
"The mine?" he interrupted sharply. "Your father worked in the mine?"
"Yes, he did. And when it closed, he put his heart and soul into the museum. I don't think there's a single family in the town that doesn't have a miner in their family history somewhere."
"I must have met him at one point or another. What is his name?"
"William Nelson. He gave a very long-winded speech when the museum opened a few years ago."
"I remember now." He smiled and glanced at her curls. "Red hair."
She grinned. "There must be Irish or Scottish in us somewhere."
"Could you give him and your mother my best wishes the next time you visit?"
"I will, but there are days that I could tell her that I was the Queen of Sheba and she'd believe me." Don't cry, she ordered herself, but she couldn't stop the tears coming. "I'm sorry," she gasped and fled from the room.
She ran blindly through the hall—almost colliding with Lady Heaton—hauled the heavy front door open, and staggered out onto the steps before halting to catch her breath. Pulling a paper handkerchief from her pocket, she wiped her eyes. Oh, God, what the hell will they both think of you now, she demanded of herself. A hysterical, nosy idiot who doesn't know when to keep her mouth shut, that's what.
Posted in A Summer of Secrets, History	| Tagged A Summer of Secrets, architecture, Baron, British romance, Cistercian, Cistercian Abbey, Cistercian Monastery, Country House, dissolution of the monasteries, family history, historical, History, Kindle Unlimited, King Henry VIII, Leeds, London, miners, Mystery Romance, Paperback, Scottish, servants, stately home, Tour Guide, Yorkshire |
Being A Baron
September 18, 2016 by Lorna Peel
A peer of the realm is someone who holds one or more of five titles – duke, marquess, earl, viscount, baron – inherited from a direct ancestor, or bestowed upon him by the sovereign. Depending on the terms in which a peerage was originally granted, some cannot be held by a female and others cannot be transmitted through a female line of succession.
The baron is the fifth and last rank of the peerage and the word baron means 'man', being formerly the king's tenant in chief – a nobleman who held land. A Summer of Secrets' Thomas Heaton is the current Baron Heaton, having inherited the title from his father just after leaving university. A baron is always referred to, both verbally and in correspondence, as Lord (Heaton) rather than Baron (Heaton). A baron can also be referred to as 'My Lord' or 'Your Lordship'. The title baron or baroness is never used, except in formal or legal documents.
The wife of a baron is known as Lady (Heaton). When A Summer of Secrets' Lady Heaton was widowed, she became a dowager, but the custom has been not to prefix either the forename or the word dowager to the title, e.g. 'Forename, Baroness Heaton' or 'Dowager Baroness Heaton' until the heir to the title marries. So she continues to use the title 'Baroness Heaton' but she is still commonly called 'Lady Heaton', and addressed verbally or to her face as 'Your Ladyship'.
The coronation robe for a baroness at the coronation of Elizabeth II, 1953
Thomas Heaton's elder sister, Stephanie, is known formally as 'The Honourable Stephanie Heaton', which is written as 'The Hon Stephanie Heaton' on letters and legal documents. She is still commonly addressed as Miss/Ms Heaton as no-one is called 'The Honourable' verbally or to their face.
The coronation robes and coronets of a baroness and baron
As with all peers, barons are entitled to both coronation and parliament robes. The coronation robe – worn only at the coronation of the sovereign – is of crimson velvet, edged with white fur and has two rows of ermine on the white fur cape. Baronesses are entitled to wear coronation robes similar to those of a baron, these are edged with a two inch border of white fur with a train a yard long. The rank of baron is also shown by the coronet worn at a coronation. As the lowest rank, a baron's coronet is the plainest design, with six silver balls, known as pearls.
A baron's parliament robe (left), coronation robe, and coronet
The parliament robe of a baron is a full-length scarlet robe with a collar of white miniver fur and is tied at the left shoulder with a white ribbon. Two bars (edged with gold oak-leaf lace) on the right-hand side of the robe indicate the rank of baron. Thomas Heaton has only worn his only once – back in 1999 – just before most hereditary peers were excluded from The House of Lords.
After the awful rubbery lasagne, Sophia went to the house. Finding the side door open, and with only one wrong turn, made her way downstairs to the kitchen.
"Helen?" she enquired, seeing a middle-aged woman kneading dough on a floury worktop. "I'm Sophia."
"The tour guide. Hello. Welcome to Heaton Abbey House. All set for tomorrow?"
"Almost," Sophia replied. "I'm going to do a walk-through of my tour to get it right in my head."
"Want a bun before you go?" Helen offered, nodding to some buns cooling on a wire tray. "You might need the energy."
She laughed. "Thanks, I will."
"I saw his Lordship speaking to you earlier. In a good mood, was he?"
No. "Well, I…" she began.
"He didn't want the house opened up to the public but didn't really have much of a choice," Helen explained. "It was either this or face the possibility of losing it all. So if he's a bit rude, don't mind him. He's had it rough when you realise what he's had to cope with. His father died not long after he'd left university so he couldn't have been much more than twenty-two or three. For umpteen years he's had the burden and responsibility of all this on his shoulders and it's taking its toll on him from what I can see."
"What happened to his father?" Selecting a currant bun, Sophia took a bite. It was delicious.
"On the surface he seems to have everything, but actually he's not been dealt that great a hand in life when you think about it. You can't really blame him if he appears to be a little irritable and unapproachable at times. We just have to have a lot of patience with him. He and Lady Heaton are not long back from a funeral. He doesn't like those either. Well, who does? And, of course with what happened to Stephanie last week… If he's grumpy…just don't take it personally, will you?"
"No," Sophia replied. "How is she? Lady Stephanie? I didn't know whether to ask."
"It's just Stephanie," Helen corrected her with a smile. "Baron's daughters or sisters aren't referred to as 'Lady'." Sophia flushed. She should have known that. Visitors could ask her anything. "She lost a lot of blood but she seems to be on the mend. Physically, I mean. Mentally, who knows? Losing a baby… None of us can understand why she won't leave her boyfriend. It's not the first time he's hit her and it won't be the last, you mark my words."
Posted in A Summer of Secrets, History	| Tagged A Summer of Secrets, Baron, baroness, barons, British romance, coronation robes, coronet, Country House, dowager, hereditary peers, History, Kindle Unlimited, lady, Lord, Mystery Romance, nobility, Paperback, parliament robes, peer of the realm, stately home, the peerage, Tour Guide, Yorkshire |
Lorna Peel is an author of historical fiction and mystery romance novels set in Ireland and the UK. A SCARLET WOMAN, A SUITABLE WIFE, A DISCARDED SON and A FORLORN HOPE - books one to four in The Fitzgeralds of Dublin Series - a gritty family saga set in Victorian Ireland - are out now on Kindle, in paperback and on Kindle Unlimited. A CRUEL MISCHIEF - book five in the series - will be published in 2021.
Fitzgeralds of Dublin Series
Meet My Characters
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A Scarlet Woman: The Fitzgeralds of Dublin Book One: Can an idealistic young doctor and a fallen woman find love when Victorian society believes they should not?
A Suitable Wife: The Fitzgeralds of Dublin Book Two: Can Will and Isobel hold the Fitzgeralds together when tragedy and betrayal threaten to tear the family apart?
A Discarded Son: The Fitzgeralds of Dublin Book Three: Can Will and Isobel right the wrongs of the past without hurting those closest to them?
A Forlorn Hope: The Fitzgeralds of Dublin Book Four: Can Will and Isobel bury their differences with those estranged from them and unite in a time of crisis or are some rifts too deep to heal?
Into The Unknown: Can Charlie and Kate's love survive the turmoil of World War Two?
A Summer of Secrets: A manor house mystery romance crackling with sexual tension, family secrets and ancestral intrigue – How long can Sophia stay at Heaton Abbey knowing what she does?
Brotherly Love – A 19th Century Irish Romance: Can Caitriona and Michael's love survive when it is opposed by the warring families in their small Irish village?
Only You: Can Jane handle living – and loving – in the spotlight?
My Name Is Rachel: Rachel wants to find her birth mother. Who wants to stop her?
The Fitzgeralds of Dublin Series – Books 1-3 Box Set: Love, trust, family ties and secrets…
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Meet A Discarded Son's Lewis and Tilda Greene
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Why It Costs So Much to Start a Family In the U.S.
When it comes to learning, you may be surprised to learn that the space that your child has to study could have a huge impact on how well that they take things in. This means that you need to make an effort when it comes to organising a study space for your child.
Visit a display home on any given weekend and you will be blown away by the luxurious indoor/outdoor lifestyles they offer. Magnificent cafe doors, outdoor kitchens and the seamless transition between the interior of the home and the entertainment zones.


text:
How the Internet Saved Christmas
As many of you know, the spawn had a rough time of things between Thanksgiving and Christmas, and as people who love children know, when they are unhappy, you are unhappy. It's just the way of things. So, with Christmas approaching, and the spawn sad and anxious and not really wanting to do much, I pondered what to do with the holidays. He'd opted out of Thanksgiving with the family because he was feeling overwhelmed, and he asked for a day at the movies and take-out instead, and I'd agreed. Dr. Strange and Fantastical Beasts were great. But there was Christmas, and Santa. I'd posted lightly about what was going on the Book of Faces, and a Friend from high school had offered to do Christmas for us because I couldn't think a thought through. But I worried.
And so, I said to Deanna, "What do I do?" And we thought. And she had an idea. She was in Gibsons, with her parents that weekend, across the border and the continent. But she told me that her aunt had a recipe box. It was old, and it was special. "What if we fill it with recipes for him?" she asked. "What if we ask the people to send him their recipes?"
The spawn loves to cook. He loves to be in the kitchen with me. I tell him stories about how I used to cook with my grandmother, and how his father loved to cook. I have taught him that feeding people is a way to love them. He's been to cooking camp, and he watches cooking shows. He makes pickles and chicken and lasagna and he's learning to make the meatballs I've spent a lifetime perfecting.
And, so, when Deanna proposed the plan, I said, "Okay. Let's try it." I wasn't sure that I could muster the faith that anyone would help, but I said okay. And Deanna posted the message to the Book of Faces on her page first. And people responded. They asked for our address. They asked what they could do to help. And she managed this (soon to be overwhelming) project.
I was distraught and worried about the spawn and the bills and all of the adulting that needing doing. But about a week later, and because Deanna said that lots of people wanted to help, I posted it, too. And people began messaging me. My friends. My framily. Strangers to whom the post had been shared. Professional chefs. Restaurant owners. People I didn't even know could cook. I was stunned.
I've written some pieces for Pantsuit Nation, and those folks are clever. So they looked at my page, and they began messaging and asking if they could send recipes. And so I said, "Of course." And they told some friends.
By the time Christmas arrived, the spawn had already played Santa to some families at school, and things had settled down. At a point in mid-December, I'd had to explain the cards that were piling up in the box I'd set aside. I told him it was a special gift, and I explained the recipe box, and nothing else. The spawn loves his Auntie Dee, and so he went along. But we didn't open the envelopes at that point.
On Tuesday, he had a terrible migraine and had to come home from school early. He was miserable. The headaches are becoming more intense, his arm is hurting in the cast, and he's feeling a lot of anxiety. So, I made a decision.
The recipe box that started it all!
I pulled out the boxes of the cards, and all of the other things that had arrived, grabbed a letter opener, and we got to work. The first thing I let him open was the recipe box from Deanna's aunt. It is spectacular, and it also has a rooster on it, and while it's not a metal chicken, I do have a fondness for the poultry because it's at the heart of so many friendships. Yeah, I know. It's weird.
And then we opened the box from Williams-Sonoma sent by someone awesome who must have known that the child likes to have his own tools. Also, the smaller, professional tools are much easier for him to use!
The recipes came next, and we read each card. I explained to the young one that each person that sent him something had thought about him. Each card that was written out for him had come with love from people all over the world. And they did come from near and far. From Philadelphia and the Shetland Islands and Australia and London and Scotland and Germany and Japan. Some of the people printed their favorites online, some folks typed them, some wrote them out by hand on beautiful stationery. There are old family recipes for things like Jambalaya from a friend in New Orleans and new ones for fun things for him to like homemade Chimichurri sauce. There were stories about how the sender makes the recipe, or with whom s/he learned to make it. There were stories about the first time a couple of the senders had made the recipe on television. There was history, too. Stories about Persia and the history of the dish for a family and another about why a Mexican one was so special that it's only served at weddings. I was overwhelmed at the time and thought that had gone into it all. The spawn was quiet as he absorbed the enormity of what was there and what the little recipe box meant.
Macaroons!
He immediately wanted to try one. He's 10 after all, impulse control is a work in progress, and honestly, I'm all about supporting anything that has
nothing to do with Cheeseburger and Fries, the wayward hermit crabs who have become creepy the banes of my existence and whose musical stylings could be the soundtrack of any Stephen King novel.
And so he made us macaroons, from a recipe that Deanna's most excellent "extra" son sent us on lovely stationery. And they were delicious.
Is this a story about how the internet is a wonderful place full of wonderful people? I'm not that naive. But maybe we should be more hopeful. We're all feeling the anxiety and hate and anger and frustration as we head into uncharted waters in our country, and the interwebs are not feeling like any kind of proverbial "safe space" for anyone these days. Friends are fighting over things that might never happen, the political divide is so deep it feels unbridgeable and we're quick to unfriend people who simply disagree with us.
Yet, there was this astounding outpouring of kindness and generosity of spirit for my child. People gave him their time, energy and stories. When we want to be, we are amazing creatures who take care of one another. A 10 yo boy who has a chronic illness and breaks bones and suffers from blinding headaches has a box filled with the love of people from all over the world now. When he's feeling sad or, as his mother likes to say, "needs to work some shit out," he can head into the kitchen with his very own collection of amazing recipes to do it, and he'll remember that people he doesn't even know from all over the world took some time and wrote out a card and told him a story and wished him well. He will know that he matters in this world. He has concrete proof of it, in a little box with a rooster on it. So maybe it's a cautionary tale that we shouldn't give up on humanity, or each other, just yet. When we want to be, we are amazing creatures who take care of one another.
So do I. And so do you.
Thanks, everyone. Our plan is to make one or two recipes a week over the next year, and take photos and post them in lieu of thank you notes. So stay tuned. And remember, when we ask for kindness, we find it in unexpected places. We're still us, and we're going to be okay.
Posted in @thekrakensays, Gratitude	| Tags: Christmas, Ehlers-Danlos, family, friends, friendship, humor, kindness, parenting	|
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Robert M. Hyatt (* 18. März 1948 in Laurel, Mississippi), genannt "Bob", ist ein Informatiker und Computerschachprogrammierer. Er ist der Entwickler mehrerer Schachprogramme wie Cray Blitz und Crafty.

Leben

Bob Hyatt erhielt seine Ausbildung an der Universität von Süd-Mississippi in Hattiesburg im US-Bundesstaat Mississippi. Er schloss sein Studium dort 1970 mit dem Bachelor of Science (BS) und 1983 mit dem Master of Science (MS) ab. Im Jahr 1988 promovierte er mit seiner Doktorarbeit "Cray Blitz - A Computer Chess Playing Program" zum Ph.D. an der Universität von Alabama in Birmingham (UAB) im Staate Alabama. Danach war er dort bis 2016 Professor für Informatik.

Seit 1975 befasst er sich mit Computerschach und gilt als einer der Pioniere auf diesem Gebiet. Eines seiner ersten Projekte war sein Programm Blitz. Im Jahr 1979 stellte ihm dafür die Forschungsabteilung der US-Firma Cray ihren damaligen Supercomputer, die Cray-1 (Bild), zur Verfügung. In Zusammenarbeit mit Al Gower, einem Musikprofessor und Fernschachspieler, entstand so Cray Blitz. Drei Jahre später stand der Nachfolger der Cray-1, Cray X-MP (Bild), zur Verfügung, der bis 1985 schnellste Computer der Welt. Sowohl 1983 bei der 4. als auch 1986 bei der 5. Computerschachweltmeisterschaft (WCCC) gewann er damit den WM-Titel.

Darüber hinaus entwickelt Bob Hyatt seit vielen Jahren an Crafty, einem auf handelsüblichen PCs lauffähigen Schachprogramm, das er in immer neuen Versionen (zuletzt Ver. 25.2) frei zur Verfügung stellt (siehe Weblinks).

Weblinks
 Foto
 Homepage (englisch).
 Crafty (englisch).

Einzelnachweise

Mann
US-Amerikaner
Geboren 1948
Computerschachprogrammierer

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Love Me This Way is a simple primer on unconditional love meant to be pondered and savoured page by colorful page. It is a guideline for all relationships on how to show another that you recognize and appreciate their true nature by focusing on their strengths and allowing them to be separate and free to navigate their own experience. It teaches that the best gift a mother can give to a child is letting that child grow up with his/her own passions firmly rooted deep within his/her heart. The illustrations are of mother and daughter but the moral to be learned is applicable to all ages and gender combinations.
Many adults still do not really know what true love feels like as they never received it from their own parents. This book is meant to be used as a tool for all people to learn to give both themselves and others unconditional love. Use your imagination to pretend you are receiving the message from each page…let it in, see how it feels and linger there for a bit.
This is a book of joy, patience, and kindness; listening and witnessing; giving, responding, and forgiving. It emphasizes that parents must focus on what is right with their child, their inner self, or the situation instead of concentrating on what is wrong. Then move forward to give all the good things a voice…say the good things out loud and say them often!


MySQL :: Re: connector 3.1 beta works with JDK 1.5?
Re: connector 3.1 beta works with JDK 1.5?
The driver is tested with JDK-1.5 on every check-in, and is known to work. Is there any particular problem you're experiencing?
connector 3.1 beta works with JDK 1.5?


text:
Hull & East Yorkshire News
Devastating day for millions as coronavirus grips the nation with tough new lockdown rules
"Unfortunately it is a pretty grim and depressing picture at the moment," says England's Deputy Chief Medical Officer
Tier 4 lockdown for millions and some schools will remain closed
Hull and East Riding will remain under Tier 3 lockdown from New Year's Eve.
It was a day where the UK public were bombarded with updates on the fight against coronavirus.
It started off with the "pretty grim and depressing" announcement that a total of 44 million people will now be under Tier 4 lockdown from New Year's Eve.
Health Secretary Matt Hancock told the House of Commons it was "necessary to apply Tier 4 measures to a wider area" but East Yorkshire was not included in the list.
To get the Hull Live headlines every day, simply pop your email address into the sign-up box just beneath the picture at the top of this article.
East Yorkshire coronavirus cases on the rise as two more deaths confirmed
How long will Tier 4 last? Boris Johnson hints it could be more than three months
The region will continue under Tier 3 restrictions with surrounding areas such as York and the whole of North Yorkshire also being moved to a Tier 3 lockdown.
However, the wall is closing on the region in as nearby residents in Lincolnshire will wake up on New Year's Eve in a Tier 4 lockdown.
Mr Hancock said: "Sharply rising cases and the hospitalisations that follow demonstrate the need to act where the virus is spreading."
Coronavirus test (Image: Hull Live)
The Health Secretary told MPs that the majority of the 53,135 cases recorded yesterday "are believed to be the new variant".
He added: "Unfortunately, this new variant is now spreading across most of England and cases are doubling fast.
"It is therefore necessary to apply Tier 4 measures to a wider area, including the remaining parts of the South East, as well as large parts of the Midlands, the North West, the North East and the South West."
Shortly after the announcement the Government confirmed the UK recorded its highest daily figure since April 24 after a further 981 people died within 28 days of testing positive for Covid-19.
In Hull and East Yorkshire, cases are now just shy of 25,000 since the pandemic began after 269 positive test results were confirmed on Wednesday.
Two further deaths were also recorded in Hull's hospitals bringing the total to 462.
Hull Tier 4 lockdown warning as health boss says 'do not get complacent'
UK suffers most Covid deaths in a day since April
Education Secretary Gavin Williamson was next up to address the House of Commons by announcing an update on schools opening in January.
However, his announcement was not clear enough for parents in East Yorkshire after stating a majority of primary schools across England will open as planned on January 4 but those within a "small number of areas" where infection rates are higher will not reopen.
Emma Hardy, MP for Hull West and Hessle, described the announcement as a "total shambles" due to the fact the list of schools impacted was yet to be published online.
The return for secondary schools and colleges has also once again been delayed.
Only vulnerable and key workers' children will return to school on January 4 with others due to start remote learning that week.
Those with exams coming up this year – years 11 and 13 students – will return to secondary school on January 11 with the rest expected to return on January 18.
Gavin Williamson said that testing will begin "in earnest" in January, with those in exam years at the head of the queue.
Your trusted source for Covid news
You can trust Hull Live to bring you the latest accurate information about the Covid pandemic.
Every day we ensure the latest figures, data and information are available with breaking news to keep you up to date with the latest developments, restrictions and lockdown rules.
It is one reason every day 123,890* of our most loyal readers turn to us as their trusted source for news. Find out more at Journalism Matters week.
*Comscore, Sep 2020
Prime Minister Boris Johnson said parents should allow their children to return to school unless they are within areas of very high infection rates.
"Schools are safe, the problem is not the schools," he said.
"Send your children, send your family to school in the normal way, absolutely right to do."
Mr Johnson also admitted that the decision to put England under another national lockdown was "considered intensively" but that it was right to continue with tiering.
The Prime Minister added that he hoped for restrictions to have "receded into the past" by Spring 2021.
"If we're right and the vaccination programme does have the positive effects that we think it can have, and I stress these are ifs, then clearly a lot of the non-pharmaceutical interventions…will recede into the past," he said.
"We'll be able to do things very differently."
TributesTributes to Connor Lyons, 17, the 'lovely lad' who tragically died near River HullSchool friends have shared memories of the teen after his body was found in Ennerdale
Convicted Hull rapist back in jail after spending two hours with girl aged 5
CrimeThe girl sat on the paedophile's lap and 'clambered' all over him
NHSSchools will get two weeks notice before reopening, says WilliamsonThe Education Secretary says reopening schools in England can happen when pressure on NHS is lifted
Boris JohnsonThe signs were seen in a significant number of patients
Boris JohnsonCharity argues self-employment income support scheme unlawfully disadvantages women who have taken maternity leave
Keane Lewis-Potter sets lofty goal as Hull City star excited to be back in starting line-up
Hull CityCity's star teenager was back in from the start to inspire his hometown club to a huge victory in their quest to win promotion back to the Championship


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Fedde yields one hit in 6 dazzling innings
Jessica Camerato
@jessicacamerato
Erick Fedde hadn't earned a win in more than a month. His last victory came on Aug. 14 against the Orioles, and since then, he had pitched to a pair of losses and no-decisions.
On Friday night in Game 1 of a doubleheader at Marlins Park, Fedde performed like he had been hungry for that 'W.' He allowed just one hit and struck out six Marlins over six frames in his strongest outing of the season, a 5-0 Nationals win.
"Especially as we get close to the finish, it's a good one to build off of," Fedde said. "If it's pretty much one more to go for me, that's a great place to be."
• Box score
Fedde began the night with three hitless innings and kept the momentum going against the playoff-chasing Marlins. The righty relied heavily on his sinker (47 of his 91 pitches), which yielded 15 swings and 11 called strikes.
Jesús Aguilar had the only hit off Fedde, a fourth-inning single.
"The key for him is utilizing his fastball, pitching on both sides of the plate," manager Dave Martinez said. "He did that really well today. Really well. I'm proud of him."
Facing the Marlins was a welcome change of pace for Fedde. He pitched against the Braves in his last two starts, and the Phillies in the two starts before then.
"It's nice seeing some new faces, some new reports to read on players, guys that haven't seen you so recently," Fedde said. "It's always tough when, say, you got a guy out on one pitch and you probably know what he's looking for the next time around. It's good to go in and mix it up. I'm definitely happy to not be facing those two teams anymore."
With a strong outing from Fedde, the Nationals needed to make just one call to the bullpen. Will Harris pitched the seventh, maintaining the bullpen for a stretch of five games in three days against Miami, including another doubleheader on Sunday.
"Best-case scenario, for sure," Fedde said.
From beginning the year as a reliever to being tasked with starting in place of an injured Stephen Strasburg, Fedde put the progress he has made in his third full Major League season on display.
"I feel like with Fedde, he's just stepped up to whatever role he's been asked to," catcher Yan Gomes said. "He doesn't really have any kind of ego to where he thinks he should be a starter, or whatever it is when he gets down in the bullpen. I think he's just ready to go out there and give us some good quality innings. Whenever he's gotten his chance, I think he's stepped up and done really well. I think he has a pretty bright future ahead of him."


text:
Is your website working hard enough?
Editor's Note – Issue 2
One of the comments I received about Issue 1 of extempore has stuck with me. To paraphrase, this reader said she'd expected stories of the good old days of jazz in Australia and instead found she came away with a feeling of excitement about the future of the music. She tapped right into a central dilemma for a journal such as this: 'What is extempore?'
When it comes to the question of what type of music you might find discussed in our pages, and from what era, there is certainly a long and interesting history of jazz and improvised music in this country, and many stories about that history have already been well-told. Meanwhile, true to its nature, the music continues to grow and develop. It is being played all over the country—from recital halls (I heard the Australian Art Orchestra at the New Melbourne Recital Centre in March) to jazz clubs and suburban cafés and pubs. There are mountains of subject matter and bucket-loads of inspiration all along the timeline of jazz in this country, and along the continuum of music styles and approaches that sit under that great big beach umbrella of a definition: jazz and improvised music. We hope to dip into all of it, over time. Please excuse the mangled metaphors!
On a related note, the adventure we began with Issue 1 has led to an observation that to some extent extempore sits in a space between worlds—defying definition as belonging to this category or that. The journal has grown out of a combination of a love for music and a love for literature. It has not arisen solely out of either camp. As the journal's editor, I'm not affiliated strongly with either the musical or literary networks in this country. My profile and reputation are about equal in both—in the literary world as a small-time, little-known practitioner with a Masters in Creative Writing, a few short stories in small anthologies and a published novel whose yellowing pages sit mouldering in stacks in a warehouse somewhere. In the world of jazz and improvised music I am an indefatigable audience member and commentator who does interviews, blogs and writes features yet refuses to do reviews, and builds websites for musicians that take about three times longer than anybody expected and for which I often forget to invoice.
When applying for funding from various bodies, for what I thought was a brilliant and very fundable project, I kept running into this problem… how to define extempore? Of course I thought it was brilliant. There's no way I would have found and maintained the energy to get it up and running if I didn't! But the question has to be about more than my opinion. Readers, contributors, reviewers and the staff I've talked to at a number of funding bodies (with all the expected cautious caveats) agree about its worth. Is extempore enriching the literary landscape? Yes! Does it document jazz and improvised music in a valuable and interesting way? Yes!
That doesn't mean, however, that we're eligible for two lots of funding. It means that everybody gets confused and we're eligible for nothing until the next funding round, when we have all figured out which category the journal belongs to for the purposes of providing financial support. Many discussions, misunderstandings (mostly mine!), negotiations and some great new contacts have ensued. I think we're closer, and I certainly feel hopeful that we'll get the help we've been asking for—soon. Meanwhile, we rely on subscriptions, advertising, and my own ability to bring in a salary in my spare time. If you want to support the journal, your subscription is the best way to help. It means two very important things are happening. Well, three actually. You provide valuable dollars to pay for basics like printing. You ensure the journal is being read (unless of course you pack it away, unread, to sell on eBay when we finally get worldwide recognition!) And you also make me and the small team of people who help with the journal feel loved and appreciated for our efforts. We've slipped a subscription card between the pages, somewhere in this issue…
In terms of direction and editorial policy―after all this to-ing and fro-ing around the question of 'What is extempore?'―I am loathe to force the journal into one direction or another. I think, for a while at least, its content must be dictated by the content we receive that sparks our interest, our general interest in writing, music and art and the links between them, and our commitment to flexibility and balance. Jazz and literature are both big worlds and, to stay interesting, I think extempore has to be willing to travel into their many different corners. Clichéd aphorisms such as 'go with the flow' and 'hang loose' and 'just have fun' must be the guiding principles to some extent, tempered of course by a certain ferocity about quality.
In a spirit of flexibility, you will have noticed that Bill Leak has contributed to this issue—but not as a cartoonist. His review of Emma Franz's directorial debut—the film Intangible Asset Number 82—was something he did for us while not feeling terribly well, so we're immensely grateful for his efforts! I hope when you read the review you'll be prompted to see the film when it is released. I've seen a preview and loved it.
We are also very proud to have lured Andrew Lindsay away from his normal genre—fiction—and onto our pages with his Verbatim piece. I first met Andrew when I interviewed him for a book show on Eastside FM in Sydney and I love his work. Anybody who uses the word louche the way he does has me as a fan for life! He gives us a snapshot of the music scene in the Melbourne suburb of Northcote that will have you buying your ticket for the 86 tram up High Street before you can say 'gypsy dancing'! Our other fiction piece is from the inimitable Mandy Sayer, who treats us to a sneak peek of her forthcoming novel, Love in the Years of Lunacy, set in the jazz age of 1940s' Sydney.
Interviews in this issue are with Mike Nock (twice!), Judy Bailey and Scott Tinkler. We also reprint an interview with Art Pepper. We have another zinging Verbatim from John Clare. One reader asked me: 'Is he still dangerous?' I'll let you decide! More Verbatim from Paul Pax Andrews—with a piece about the wonderful Joe Lane—from veteran trumpeter Keith Hounslow on 'Creative Improvised Music', from SIMA's Peter Rechniewski on the El Rocco Jazz Cellar in Sydney and, finally, Adrian Jackson reveals who is to blame for his long-time fascination with jazz and improvised music. There are 19 pages of poetry in this issue—some of it from names you may know well. The much-loved π o, for example, with his poem '1928 Jazz in Melbourne' about that juicy slice of Australian history when Sonny Clay and his Colored Idea visited our shores in 1928 and young ladies jumped out of windows in East Melbourne.
Melissa Bellanta gives us some scholarly background on the same events, in her essay. Sascha Feinstein, our friend from Brilliant Corners, also features again, this time with a fascinating piece about the relationship poet William Matthews had with Charles Mingus and his music. Andrew W Hurley writes about Horst Liepolt—a name familiar to anyone active in the Australian jazz scene in the Seventies and Eighties and who clearly, as Andrew shows, had an enormous influence on the performance and recording opportunities for jazz at that time—a legacy we still feel today.
Essays are a special focus for us at the moment as we gear up to the fifth National Jazz Writing Competition. This year is the year of the essay, and entries can be submitted right up until the end of July. We're still able to offer a $750 first prize and, thanks to the generosity of Birdland Records, second and third prizes of great CD packs. Details about the competition are on page 93. And we have good news for all you scholarly types: from Issue 3 (November 2009) we'll be able to offer peer review for a limited number of essays. More details on page 132, or see the website.
So here it is. Issue 2 of extempore. If you enjoy it, spread the word. We need as many readers as we can get! Now I'm off to a gig… with my notebook…
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text:
IllinoisState.edu Admissions Maps Events Employment Search/A-Z
Fulbright-Hayes awarded to explore cultural wealth of Mexico
Rachel Hatch	December 5, 2018 Filed Under Academic Affairs and Provost College of Arts and Sciences College of Education Educational Administration and Foundations International Studies Languages, Literatures, and Cultures Latin American and Latino/a Studies Research and Sponsored Programs
Beth Hatt (left) and Juliet Lynd
Two Illinois State University faculty members are the recipients of a Fulbright-Hayes Group Projects Abroad award of nearly $85,000 to help build cultural knowledge of Mexico for use in classrooms.
The $84,932 award from the U.S. Department of Education will fund travel and living expenses for a group of 14 area current and future educators who will spend one month in Oaxaca, Mexico. Led by Illinois State's Associate Professor of Education Beth Hatt and Associate Professor of Spanish and Latin American Studies Juliet Lynd, the group will take language classes (Spanish or Zapotec), engage in cultural workshops and excursions in both urban and rural settings in Mexico, and will create new curriculum for their classrooms.
The project, titled "Teaching the Cultural Wealth of Oaxaca, Mexico: Funds of Knowledge for the Twenty-First Century Classroom," is seeking participants. Teacher education majors in any subject, K-12 in-service teachers, and administrators are welcome to apply by contacting Hatt at hatt.beth@gmail.com or Lynd at jlynd@ilstu.edu. Travel to Mexico will take place May 30-July 1, 2019, with additional required meetings and online activities taking place both before and after travel. The deadline for applications is February 8, 2019.
"The project intends to train teachers to build their own cultural knowledge of Mexico to create lessons that will teach all students about Mexico through different disciplinary lenses," said Hatt, who noted an entire unit could be developed on the cultural meanings of corn, which has been a staple in the diet of the Americas since long before the arrival of Europeans. "Sustainability and tourism would be other potential anchors for a 'funds of knowledge' curriculum unit, and are topics that the group will explore in comparative perspective."
The group will begin in Mexico City, then journey to Oaxaca, a colonial city of 3.5 million located in the mountains of southern Mexico in a predominantly rural state that is home to diverse indigenous communities. There they will tour museums and visit archaeological sites and local schools as well as participate in cultural workshops on a variety of topics such as weaving, ceramics, culinary arts, and printmaking. They will then travel to the coastal city of Puerto Escondido, residing with host families and studying the tourist economy based on the international surfing community. "As one of the culminating experiences of the project, the group will organize a mini day camp for local children in which they will offer free classes and activities to the local community," said Lynd. "In exchange, group members will have the opportunity to practice their funds of knowledge lessons."
In previous years, Hatt has led groups to Cuernavaca in Mexico, but decided to change the locale to Oaxaca, Mexico, with the Fulbright-Hayes award. "Participants will interact with a wide variety of people across racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic backgrounds and come away from the program with stronger Spanish skills," said Hatt. "They will also gain an introduction to indigenous languages and cultures, the challenges facing the education system, and a new appreciation for the strengths and cultural wealth of their Latinx students."
The Fulbright-Hayes award comes in conjunction with support from Illinois State's College of Education and the College of Arts and Sciences. An exploratory trip to Mexico was supported by a College of Arts and Sciences Interdisciplinary Initiative Grant in 2017. "The CAS Interdisciplinary Initiative grant was invaluable," said Lynd. "We were able to strengthen our application and also our vision for the program. We hope that this is the first of many opportunities for collaboration between the Department of Languages, Literatures, and Cultures and the Department of Educational Administration and Foundations."
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Series Spotlight On...
Edited by Claudia La Rocco + Gordon Faylor
From 2015 to 2019, we occasionally caught up with past Open Space contributors and talked to Bay Area arts organizations about the work they do and the challenges they face. These question-and-answer exchanges honor the multifaceted work individuals and institutions do and did on Open Space and beyond. One way to stay in touch; to acknowledge the past and look at what's ahead.
Featured Organization: Center for Sex & Culture
Paul Johnson, Juliet and the Bears, 1983
When was the Center for Sex & Culture founded, and why?
Carol Queen (Executive Director and Co-Founder): The idea for CSC was developed in 1994 when founders Robert Morgan Lawrence and I were visiting erotic artist and "Mother of Masturbation" Betty Dodson in New York; we discussed the lack of places in the Bay Area for her workshops and she said, "You kids should start a place." We realized she was right — we were involved in many communities (San Francisco Sex Information, The Institute for Advanced Study of Human Sexuality, Good Vibrations, among others) and had a big archival collection of books and ephemera ourselves. The initial idea was to collect important materials and make a space for sex education and cultural events for people across the sex and gender spectrums — essentially the function we serve today.
Anatomy of a 1980's Pin Up, Annie Sprinkle, 1984/2006
Tell us a little bit about your archive.
Miss Ian (Librarian and Archivist): Our archive is a special one because it holds onto much of the history of sexual activism and education, produced mostly in San Francisco, which includes manuscripts, photography, correspondence, drawings, zines, ephemera, personal belongings (whips, boots, caps, buttons, paddles, etc.).
Item from Larry Townsend Collection, photo by Frederick Rowe.
Dorian and board member Marlene Hoeber with banner from Patrick Califia collection.
Dorian Katz (Gallery Director): The relationship between sex and communities is tangible in the archive. By keeping safe the collections of individuals who built sexual subcultures together, we preserve these multilayered histories. The culture-making of the 1970s and 1980s women's BDSM community is a terrific example — several key ideas on sexuality commonly accepted in contemporary feminism were first explored and fought for by this group.
Brat Attack, Drawings by Fish; Issues 1 (1991), 3 (1992), and 5 (1994)
Preserving the thinking and histories of these groups is of value to contemporary thinkers and part of how we move forward as a culture. We hope future generations do not have to reinvent the entire wheel.
Miss Ian: To highlight a few things: We have a collection of porn posters from the Golden Age of porn:
Treasures from the Archive at the Center for Sex and Culture, 2015.
And a collection of safe sex posters created during the height of the HIV crisis:
Install shot from Safe Sex Bang: The Buzz Bense Collection of Safe Sex Posters, curated by Alex Fialho and Dorian, 2013. Photo by Sanaz Mazinani.
We have a large collection of porn star and censorship activist Nina Hartley's fan mail:
Letters to a Porn Star: Nina Hartley Fan Mail, exhibition in 2013
The archive holds large personal collections from BDSM community figureheads Larry Townsend and Patrick Califia. We have meeting minutes and original manuscripts from the women's BDSM community in SF, two filing cabinets full of erotic, artistic, perverted, informative, and empowering zines, and many shelves of decades' worth of erotic pulp books.
Diseased Pariah News, Issue 10, 1995
Birthday drawing; Playbook for Men—About Sex, written and lettered by Joan Blank, Down There Press, 1975; hand-colored prints and Cunt Coloring Book, 1975. All item images by Tee Corrine and given to Margo Saint James.
What do you see as the relationship between sex and culture, and what are some of the ways this relationship plays out at the CSC?
Carol: I think in a country with really poor sex education, cultural tropes and products become THE major way people learn about sex and come to terms with their opinions about sex. It's extremely important to retain this information (library and archive-wise) so we can understand what the cultural influences have been. Plus, each cultural event we support brings a sex-positive or interestingly complicated way to consider sex and gender.
Shilo McCabe, Untitled, 2013
Miss Ian & Dorian: A lot of us don't see ourselves represented in public education or mass media, which can make us feel very confused and lonely. At CSC, we organize open communication, creativity, art, and sexual dissidence. Finding out who and what you are, learning what gives your body and other bodies pleasure is activism always. We foster a safe space for that exploration. And through that and our programs we create culture.
Miss Ian and Dorian, Center for Sex and Culture Booth at Los Angeles Art Book Fair, 2015.
You've described your space as intersectional; could you explain what that means to you, and discuss some of the possibilities and problems that come with serving a variety of audiences?
Carol: For us intersectionality includes a broad awareness and respect for diversity, and embedded in that is trying to serve as diverse a community (really communities!) as we can. This awareness involves race, class, culture, varying sexual orientations/interests, gender identities… basically, we understand our big-picture goal as trying to serve as widely as we can. Of course we're challenged in doing it sometimes because intersectionality is a big and complex thing, and so much cultural access, even in the sexual realm, centers a certain kind of person: white, educated, often cis.
Polaroid from Fair Oaks Bathhouse by Frank Melleno, restored by Gary Freeman, shown 2013. CSC has six photos from this show in its collection.
Miss Ian: I totally agree with Carol, and in my personal experience, on top of all that intersectionality is also Age. Our library and gallery bring people with alternative sexualities from different generations together in one room. It's always very inspiring to 1) meet the people who have made it possible for myself and others to exist more openly, and 2) to listen to all the firsthand accounts and filthy stories that make me feel like my future isn't aimless.
Miss Ian and interns practice Book-Spankings for special event, 2016.
Carol: People are so accustomed to participating with members of their own sex/gender identity community that we constantly hear things like, "I thought that was a gay space." "I thought that was a straight space." And so on. It's not as normative as we'd like to think for people to gather across these lines, especially in a space where sexuality will be discussed directly.
Install shot from Dark Desires: The Erotic Lives of Black Women, curated by crystal am nelson, 2014.
These are difficult times for art and cultural organizations, particularly smaller ones. What is the greatest challenge you face?
Carol: Getting the word out.
Miss Ian: And now more than ever, just like many artists and nonprofits in the city, it's our ever-rising rent.
Primahood: Drawings and Comics by Tyler Cohen, currently on exhibition through May 22, 2017.
Dorian: Also being taken seriously as an arts organization. We show remarkable art being made now and all kinds of materials from the archive. Because lots of people don't want to deal with sex for a variety of reasons, many foundations don't want to fund us, and our credibility as a respectable arts organization is undermined. Groundbreaking art comes from the margins.
Drawing by David MacBeth, Larry Townsend Collection.
Anna Zusman, Untitled, 2014
What does an average week or month of programming look like?
Dorian & Carol: It varies month to month, but we have workshops with Midori about Rope Dominance and How to Eat Pussy with Ali and Mina; literary events like Writing Ourselves Whole, TMI Story Telling, Perverts Put Out, Sex Worker's Writing Workshop, and Erotic Reading Circle; then throw in some film screenings, panels, play parties, fashion shows, fundraisers, about six inspiring gallery openings a year, and weekly library/gallery hours every Tuesday (which usually includes a screening of a film from our archive).
Art reception and book release party for Blackmail, My Love, a novel with twenty-two illustrations by Katie Gilmartin, 2014. Photo by Mike Woolson.
SF Jacks: 30 Years—See the Thing Yourself, 2013
Miss Ian: Some of the things I adore are: We are the only publically accessible library/gallery with stripper poles (to my knowledge). AND there is a group of homosexual men who set up wrestling maps and grapple each other. It gives you this warm feeling to be sitting between a wall of books on all types of sexuality and expression and a wall of sexually progressive art, watching a bunch of large, beautiful, grown men spend their free time after work wrestling their friends for a few hours.
What should we be asking you?
Carol: What does a venue like CSC add to the culture of San Francisco? In my mind, it consolidates everything that has made SF a pioneering city for people to live in as themselves, sex-and-gender-wise, especially during times when not everyone elsewhere has had that privilege. Just as we understand the role this city (and the greater Bay Area) has played in the LGBT movement, the same is true for many other sexual subcultures.
Brothers is a risk-reduction poster series from SF targeting Black gay men, produced in joint partnership with the Black Gay and Lesbian Leadership Forum and the National Task Force on AIDS Prevention of the National Association of Black and White Men Together, 1985. From the Buzz Bense Collection.
Cricket, Cock Sucking (Louis XV Table), 2014
San Francisco has given us Good Vibrations, San Francisco Sex Information, COYOTE and the modern US sex workers' rights movement, the diverse and vibrant BDSM community, and so much more. We are the venue where all these communities, entities, and threads of history connect, because sexuality in culture and society can't be understood in a siloed fashion. And this is, frankly, a moment when some of our gains are being called into question. A place for people to gather, one that preserves our history, is needed more now, in some respects, than it was the day we opened our doors.
Phil Sayers, Homage to Pierre Molinier, suite #338, 2014
Olaf, Ball Juggler, 1983. From the Larry Townsend Collection.
Tags: Center for Sex & Culture, Featured Organization
quico antonio lostaunau says:
UCSF, Department of Psychiatry, Human Sexuality Program:
The Human Sexuality Program was located on Parnassus across the street from UCSF. I trained with the Human Sexuality Program, Men Project. Dr. Bernie Zilbergeld was my immediate supervisor and after I completed sex therapist training, I co-facilitated groups for men who presented with various sexual dysfunctions. Dr. Carol R. was my co-facilitator.
It was a wonderful time and I will never forget this memorable experience!
Paul Johnson says:
Hey Dorian, nice job!!! A lot of familiarity in this. I had friends & lovers depicted in the Cunt Coloring Book and hung out with Tee Kamen back in her bi days. I did the training at SFSI and worked the hot line. I attended the first 3 Hooker's Balls — the last with a hooker. I've hung out with Margo St. James and friends smoking dope. And I'm proud to see my photo of Juliet and the Bears lead this thing off. It illustrates the joy of sex and it certainly was for all 3 of them.


Five area hit and runs leave victims' families grappling with why; who leaves someone to die by the side of the road?
Correction: Michael Curley, 26, was killed in a hit-and-run in Ann Arbor while bicycling home from a downtown restaurant. His name was incorrect in a previous version.
As the father of a 13-year-old daughter who was struck by a hit-and-run driver and died over the weekend, Habetamu Dirba's anguish could not be more heartbreaking.
On the morning of Oct. 28 , Helina Dirba, a Waverly High School ninth-grader in Lansing, decided to walk to school after she missed the bus. Twenty minutes later, her father left the house to drive to the store and happened upon the accident scene.
He agonizes over why a person would flee after hitting a child.
A recent spate of deadly hit-and-runs took four out of five lives over a four-day span on Halloween weekend, from Oct. 28-31. What caused the terrible frequency is not known, but five families in Lansing, Troy, Pittsfield Township, Macomb and Ann Arbor received some of the worst news of their lives. They now grapple with the haunting anguish of hit-and-run victims: What kind of person would leave someone to die by the side of the road?
Helina lived for two days. On Friday, the day she died, 68-year-old Hector Arroyo was charged with involuntary homicide-manslaughter with a vehicle, driving with a suspended license causing death, and failure to stop at the scene of a crash causing injury or death. He faces up to 15 years if convicted.
The night before Helina was struck, 26-year-old Michael Curley had just finished up work at Hunter House Hamburgers in downtown Ann Arbor and was riding home on his bike to his Pittsfield Township home that he shared with his girlfriend and young son. He never made it.
Curley's body was found around 2 a.m. Oct. 28 on Washtenaw Avenue near Brockton Boulevard. The following day, Ann Arbor police announced they arrested a 25-year-old Ypsilanti Township man (charges were pending at press time).
On Saturday night — Halloween — a 14-year-old girl was hit by multiple vehicles while trick-or-treating near Ann Arbor. Police said the Ypsilanti Township girl was struck about 9 p.m. by a man who stopped and called 911. But another vehicle struck her while she was lying in the road. That driver dragged her nearly 2 miles before she became dislodged. The girl was transported to an area hospital where she was listed in critical, but stable condition, police said. Police are still seeking the driver and vehicle that dragged the girl.
Also on Halloween night, shortly after midnight, Ryan Tsatsos, 18, died after being struck by a hit-and-run driver as he walked to a residence hall with friends at Central Michigan University in Mount Pleasant. Ryan's death could not be more tragic. It was the second inexplicable loss for Paul and Julie Tsatsos of Macomb, whose oldest son, Darryl Tsatsos, 19, was killed three months earlier on July 26 in a three-car collision in Macomb Township.
On Monday afternoon, as TV news trucks swarmed outside the Tsatsos home, at least a dozen friends, co-workers and fellow church members gathered in the kitchen, laying out food and doing their best to console the now-childless couple.
"To lose both kids so fast, I feel like I'm living in a dream, that I'm going to wake up and this is not happening," Julie Tsatsos said, sitting on the couch next to her husband.
Both said they are relying on their Catholic faith to sustain them.
Still, Paul Tsatsos said they are tormented by the knowledge that whoever killed their son has not gone to the police.


text:
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2005.12.013
Title: Risk assessment of exposure to indoor aerosols associated with Chinese cooking
Authors: See, S.W.
Balasubramanian, R.
Keywords: Cooking
Size distribution
Issue Date: Oct-2006
Citation: See, S.W., Balasubramanian, R. (2006-10). Risk assessment of exposure to indoor aerosols associated with Chinese cooking. Environmental Research 102 (2) : 197-204. ScholarBank@NUS Repository. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2005.12.013
Abstract: Cooking is an important source of indoor aerosols in residential homes and buildings with non-smokers, and thus has public health implications. However, limited information is currently available in the published literature on the physical and chemical characteristics of aerosols produced by gas cooking. Consequently, a comprehensive study was carried out to investigate the physical (number and mass concentrations and size distributions) and chemical (metals) properties in a typical Chinese food stall in Singapore where stir-frying in a wok is the most common cooking method using gas stove. To assess the contribution of cooking activities to indoor particle concentrations, aerosol measurements were performed in two distinct time periods, i.e., during cooking and non-cooking hours. The average mass concentrations of fine particles (PM2.5) and metals increased by a factor of 12 and 11, respectively, from 26.7 and 1.5 μg m-3 during non-cooking hours to 312.4 and 15.6 μg m-3 during cooking hours. The average number concentration was also elevated by a factor of 85, from 9.1×103 cm-3 during non-cooking hours to 7.7×105 cm-3 during cooking hours. Real-time particle measurements showed that about 80% of the particles associated with cooking are ultrafine particles in terms of particle counts. To evaluate the potential health threat due to inhalation of air pollutants released from gas cooking, the health risk estimates based on exposure and dose-response assessments of metals were calculated for a maximally exposed individual. The findings indicate that the indoor air quality existing at the food stall may pose adverse health effects over long-term exposure to cooking emissions. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Source Title: Environmental Research
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2005.12.013