text:
\subsubsection*{One-Sentence summary:}
Theory guides identification of a singlet fission dimer to selectively form long-lived EPR-active states at high temperature.
\end{abstract}

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\clearpage

Quantum information promises advances in science and computing not seen since the revolutions in classical computing that have unfolded over the last 80 years \cite{DiVincenzo.2000}. But unlike classical computing, where the solid-state transistor has become ubiquitous, we remain in the discovery phase for quantum materials. Quantum logic uses fragile non-equilibrium quantum states built upon qubits that irreversibly decay to Boltzmann equilibrium. In strong-field experiments, microwave or radio frequencies  manipulate the qubits to perform operations \cite{Vandersypen.2001}. Because the resonant frequencies are much smaller than the thermal energy at room temperature, without extreme cooling or other means of control, a significant population in the excited state generates thermal uncertainty in the initial state of the wavefunction \cite{Warren.1997}. This ``tyranny of temperature" makes quantum circuits classical for temperatures above a few kelvin \cite{Smyser.2020}.

Removing the uncertainty in the initial condition of the wavefunction solves the so-called ``state-initialization problem," a requirement for quantum computation that DiVincenzo articulated more than twenty years ago \cite{DiVincenzo.2000}. For example, in color centers, like nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond, a weak-field optical excitation initializes the system into a non-equilibrium state---a magnetic sublevel---where strong-field magnetic resonance pulses perform gate operations \cite{Dutt.2007}. But controlling the placement of defects in crystals is challenging, which makes scaling the number of qubits in these materials a formidable hurdle. Recent molecular analogs to the color centers suggest that a bottom-up approach from synthetic chemistry might ultimately lead to more scalable architectures \cite{Bayliss.2020}. Like many other quantum materials, however, the molecules only exhibit quantum function near liquid helium temperatures.

In this article, we take a bottom-up approach and initialize qubits from spin-polarized biexcitons in a structurally well-defined organic molecule. Molecular symmetry is exploited to produce selection rules that solve the state-initialization problem using singlet fission (SF), a photophysical process that produces a highly spin-entangled biexciton state $^1\textrm{TT}$ with singlet multiplicity. In an earlier publication, Smyser and Eaves predicted that a molecular dimer, with its chromophores oriented so that their principal axes are parallel, can convert $^1\textrm{TT}$ into a strongly spin-polarized quintet biexciton state, $^5\textrm{TT}$ \cite{Smyser.2020}. The principal axes of the chromophores in the dimer studied here, TIPS-BP1$'$, are not \emph{all} parallel, but their $y$-axes are. As a result, TIPS-BP1$'$ exhibits an intense spin polarization manifest in time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance (trEPR) spectra. The symmetry of the molecule (C\textsubscript{2v}) and the rigidity of its structure ensure that parasitic photoproducts from SF are undetectable and that electron spin coherence remains for microseconds---even in a glassy phase at liquid nitrogen temperatures. We both predict and detect the spin sublevels that immediately follow SF at a level of accuracy that is unprecedented in the literature.

The several possible biexciton species $^{2S+1}\textrm{TT}_M$ that differ in their overall spin $S$ and degree of entanglement are not directly distinguished by transient absorption spectroscopy,\cite{Gilligan.2019} so we turn to trEPR to resolve them. The experiment starts the SF process with an optical pulse and then uses EPR to monitor the time-evolution of the products. TrEPR signatures of TIPS-BP1$'$ in mTHF glass (75 K, 640 nm pump wavelength) emerge over a few hundred nanoseconds following photoexcitation (Fig.~1A). This timescale is consistent with the decay of $^1\textrm{TT}$ (Fig.~S1) and is impulsive on the timescale of the trEPR measurement (10 $\mu$s) \cite{Gilligan.2019}. Four sharp features, from 338-359 mT, dominate the trEPR spectra for all observable times. They form concomitantly and exhibit underdamped Rabi oscillations that beat at the nutation frequency (Fig.~1A, inset). These oscillations have not been reported in trEPR data for any system undergoing SF but have been observed for triplets where relaxation processes are slow \cite{Schroder.2021}.

General trEPR trends in the SF literature include broad and congested spectra, with substantial interconversion between EPR-active states \cite{Papadopoulos.2019,Basel.2018,Lubert-Perquel.2018,Nagashima.2018,Sakai.2018,Tayebjee.2017,Weiss.2017}. By contrast, our spectra---aside from the oscillations---do not show substantial time evolution.  They are also highly structured and symmetrical. The EPR spectra in Fig.~1A are narrow, with intensity spanning 20 mT. The intersystem crossing triplet spectrum for the monomer TIPS-Pc (Fig.~S3), in comparison, spans 84 mT. The relatively narrow width of the TIPS-BP1$'$ spectra suggests that the signal originates from $^5\textrm{TT}$ \cite{Benk.1981}.

Nutation frequencies depend on $S$ and $M$, so they can, in principle, inform on the spin species and sublevels produced after SF \cite{Astashkin.1990}. In the SF literature, they are commonly determined with pulsed EPR at only a few values of the static magnetic field, $B_0$ \cite{Basel.2018,Lubert-Perquel.2018,Nagashima.2018,Sakai.2018,Tayebjee.2017,Weiss.2017}. Compared to pulsed nutation experiments, trEPR has a dramatic multiplex advantage---an entire time trace is collected simultaneously (Fig.~1). However, pulsed techniques with high microwave powers are necessary for most SF systems since rapid dephasing and population transfer overdamp the low-frequency nutation oscillations in trEPR \cite{Stoll.1998}. In TIPS-BP1$'$, by contrast, the presence of Rabi oscillations at a dominant frequency in the trEPR data implies that there is a state-selective population formed rapidly on the timescale of the oscillation period, whose decoherence time is longer than a microsecond ($T_2 \approx 1.4~\mu$s, Fig.~S4).

In trEPR, Rabi oscillations for inhomogeneously broadened transitions decay as an exponentially damped Bessel function \cite{Furrer.1980}. Thus, the Hankel transform, which projects the signal onto the Bessel functions, substantially enhances frequency resolution relative to the Fourier transform (Fig.~1B, inset, and S5). Our method shares many similarities with lock-in detection, but rather than externally modulating the signal, the method ``locks in'' at the sharply peaked dominant nutation frequency $\omega_N$ to separate low-frequency components from the oscillating signal (Fig.~1B). The ``Hankel spectrum'' is the integrated intensity along the frequency axis within a prescribed bandwidth (Fig.~1B and S6). It isolates the signal that nutates at $\omega_N$---the majority component of the EPR data (Fig.~2, black lines).

A signal oscillating at a dominant nutation frequency might result from a state-selective relaxation process; from $^1\textrm{TT}$ into a few specific $^5\textrm{TT}_M$ sublevels, and such precise state-selectivity can solve the state-initialization problem in quantum information. But to determine the extent of state-selectivity in a molecule, an accurate interpretation of the EPR spectrum is essential. Some have adapted Merrifield's theory \cite{Johnson.1969} for triplet-triplet annihilation, to compute the $\textrm{TT}$ populations that the EPR experiment probes \cite{Tayebjee.2017,Weiss.2017,supplementary.materials}. Therein, when the inter-chromophore exchange interaction $J$ is zero the resulting spectrum only comes from $M=0\rightarrow{M=\pm1}$ transitions, so we refer to it as the `$\textrm{Q}_0$' model. But the $\textrm{Q}_0$ model is inappropriate for strongly-coupled dimers that directly populate $^5\textrm{TT}$, so it does not reproduce the spectrum of TIPS-BP1$'$ (Fig.~2A). Without a theory to determine the populations, they become fitting parameters \cite{Nagashima.2018}. In the dense and broad spectra typical of EPR data for SF, these additional parameters lead to uncertainty and overfitting that complicates the interpretation of the spectra.

To overcome this problem, we \emph{compute} the populations of the initial $^5\textrm{TT}$ sublevels with our nonadiabatic transition theory by extending the $JDE$ model \cite{Smyser.2020,supplementary.materials}. Unlike the $\textrm{Q}_0$ model, our model predicts that both the resonance field values \emph{and} the populations depend on a molecule's orientation relative to $\vec{B_0}$. Nuclear distortions cause rare, but large, fluctuations in $J$ that induce transitions from $^1\textrm{TT}$ to quintet sublevels---selection rules forbid relaxation from $^1\textrm{TT}$ to $^3\textrm{TT}$. The EPR experiment immediately following SF probes the ``prompt'' EPR spectrum and, for TIPS-BP1$'$, it comes entirely from transitions within the quintet manifold.

Because the experiment probes all orientations at once, it eliminates the uncertainties of the molecular orientation relative to $\vec{B_0}$ that one encounters in crystals \cite{Lubert-Perquel.2018}. Using the $JDE$ model, we first calculate the populations and EPR spectrum for a molecule with a given orientation relative to the lab frame (Fig.~3). The ensemble-averaged EPR spectrum is then a sum over all such spectra, for orientations drawn from the surface of a tessellated sphere. In this work, there are only three spectroscopic fit parameters: the ``zero-field'' parameters, $D$ and $X$ \cite{supplementary.materials}, and the dihedral angle between the chromophores, $\beta$ (Fig.~3B). Physically, both $D$ and $X$ characterize the strength of the anisotropic spin-spin interactions; $D$ is intra-chromophore, and $X$ is inter-chromophore.

The zero-field hamiltonian mixes the $^5\textrm{TT}_M$ sublevels so that there are two choices for the initial states after relaxation from $^1\textrm{TT}$: the adiabatic states that diagonalize the quintet blocks of the hamiltonian or the diabatic Zeeman states $\{|^5\textrm{TT}_M\rangle \}$ \cite{supplementary.materials}. The adiabatic initial states (Fig.~2A) give a more accurate reproduction of the EPR spectrum. But, because they depend on molecular orientations, they are not intuitive when assigning the spectrum. The diabatic Zeeman states are, however, well-defined in the lab frame, independent of orientation, and do facilitate assignment. Because the mixing between the $^5\textrm{TT}_M$ sublevels is weak $(|D|\ll|B_0|)$, there are only small, quantitative differences between the spectra calculated with the diabatic and adiabatic bases (Fig.~S9).

Figure~2A shows the prompt EPR spectrum for TIPS-BP1$'$ (200-400 ns, Figs.~1A and S2) along with a calculation of it. The best fit values $D=1322$ MHz and $X=59$ MHz are consistent with those for pentacene derivatives and dimers, respectively \cite{Lubert-Perquel.2018}. The fit value of $\beta = 111.1^\circ$ is within 0.2\% of the calculated value from DFT simulations for the quintet in a model of TIPS-BP1$'$ ($110.9^\circ$, unrestricted-$\omega$-B97XD/6-31G(d)).

With the optimal set of spectroscopic parameters determined, the calculated EPR spectrum breaks down into two components from the diabatic $^5\textrm{TT}_M\leftrightarrow{^5\textrm{TT}_{M\pm1}}$ transitions. Figures~2B and 2C show the results. Our theory demonstrates that the Hankel transform isolates the signal from the $^5\textrm{TT}_{0}\leftrightarrow {^5\textrm{TT}_{\pm1}}$ transitions (Fig.~2B), and supports the assignment of the nutation frequency to this component. The residual spectrum (Figs.~2C, S7 and S8), the difference between the Hankel spectrum (Fig.~2B) and the total spectrum (Fig.~2A), agrees with the computed $^5\textrm{TT}_{\pm1} \leftrightarrow {^5\textrm{TT}_{\pm2}}$ spectral component quantitatively, in both amplitude and functional form.

It is only by accounting for the orientational dependence of the sublevel populations that we recover the spectrum from TIPS-BP1$'$. Figure~3A shows that the most intense features in the powder spectra are from transitions where the Zeeman field aligns with the dimer axes (Figs.~3B and 3C). Figure~3A also shows that while the $^5\textrm{TT}_0$ sublevel population is large for $B_0\parallel z$ and $\vec{B}_0\parallel y$, it is \emph{zero} for $\vec{B}_0\parallel x$. In the $\textrm{Q}_0$ model, by contrast, the $^5\textrm{TT}_0$ sublevel is the only $\textrm{TT}$ sublevel populated for any orientation---including $\vec{B}_0\parallel x$---leading to an over-representation of the $^5\textrm{TT}_0\rightarrow {^5\textrm{TT}_{\pm1}}$ transitions in the spectrum, and a poor resulting fit (Fig.~2A, gray). Indeed, if the $^5\textrm{TT}_0$ level were the only sublevel populated, the residual spectrum would be zero.

To engineer a piece of quantum hardware based on our system and observations, one would have to immobilize and align the molecules so that they all have a definite orientation with respect to the Zeeman field. Figures~3D and 3E show  the predicted spin polarization for a system of aligned TIPS-BP1$'$ dimers. Borrowing an idea from Shannon's classical information theory \cite{Kardar.2007}, we introduce the order parameter $\mathcal{I}$ to quantify the spin polarization achievable into \emph{any} $^5\textrm{TT}_M$ sublevel from $^1\textrm{TT}$ as a function of molecular orientation relative to the field (Fig.~3C), where $\mathcal{I} = 1 + \frac{1}{\log_2(5)}\sum_{M=-2}^{+2}p_M\log_2p_M$ (Fig.~3D). Like Shannon's information measure, $\mathcal{I}$ is zero when all $^5\textrm{TT}_M$ are equally populated and unity when only one level is occupied. Our work in ref.~\cite{Smyser.2020} recommends that the chromophores share a common set of axes. While the $x$ and $z$-axes of the chromophores are not parallel for TIPS-BP1$'$, the $y$-axes \emph{are}. As a result, the most intense spin polarization occurs when the Zeeman field aligns with the shared $y$-axis \cite{Lewis.2021}. The corresponding north and south poles of Fig.~3D exhibit the largest spin polarization, and Fig.~3E shows that the $^5\textrm{TT}_0$ sublevel is the one that gets polarized.

In molecular systems like those pioneered in nuclear spin resonance computing, scaling the number of coherent qubits is relatively straightforward \cite{Vandersypen.2001}. But the state-initialization problem has bedeviled that field \cite{Warren.1997}. TIPS-BP1$'$ is an example of a novel class of compounds that create entanglements between \emph{electron} spin states that remain coherent on timescales that are orders of magnitude longer ($\approx$ 1 $\mu$s) than the switching time for a gate operation ($\approx$ 1 ns), even in a powder spectrum. The quintet state, born under the selection rules of singlet fission, is a two-triplet spin-coherent excitation. The coherence entangles the triplets and increases the number of computational states from three to five---an elementary demonstration of scaling. Our results motivate efforts to orient TIPS-BP1$'$, and molecules like it, through crystallization or other means. SF in rigid molecular dimers solves the state initialization problem at temperatures far higher than the operating temperatures in contemporary quantum hardware.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Q: fragments created programmatically inside frame layout and custom dialog box are not shown Please take a reference of following link:
Back key on programmatically added Fragment leads to empty container
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but after replacing fragment one after other in frame layout and again main activity is created using intent this two custom dialog box do not shown even though their on click event is called I have checked that using toast and log.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


YEREVAN, AUGUST 7, ARMENPRESS. My Step Foundation will compensate the tuition fees of students admitted to the leading foreign universities for the first year. The students have applied to the Luys Foundation's 2018-2019 scholarship program, Anna Hakobyan, Armenian Prime Minister's spouse, founder of the My Step Foundation, told reporters on August 7, reports Armenpress.
She said the students, who applied to the Luys Foundation to receive scholarship for study abroad, but later were disappointed due to the suspension of the Foundation's activity, now will receive funding by the support of philanthropists.
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Anna Hakobyan informed that they have tried to contact 24 young people who applied to the Luys Foundation from Armenia, 4 of them haven't reacted, but they have been in contact with 20, one of them got a deferment, the other refused from the assistance, thus, 18 students used that opportunity. Support will also be provided to 4 other students admitted to foreign universities by the funds collected by the My Step Foundation.
Today symbolic contracts were signed between a scholarship holder and the Foundation, the same process will be carried out with the remaining beneficiaries. Anna Hakobyan is full of hope that regardless of the contract, the ties of students with the homeland is so firm that after graduating they will return to Armenia full of knowledge and will serve it for their country and people.


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Each and every one of us is a piece of divinity. And through our words, actions and behaviors, we need to learn how to become a reflection this Truth. We need to learn how to honor all that Life created us to be and start doing all the amazing things we came here to do. And today I would like to share with you a list of things that's meant to help you move in that direction.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
November 17, 2020 Sustain | sustain-blog.com
Race to Zero Dialogues launched as UN Climate Action Pathways map to a zero-carbon economy
The High-Level Champions for Global Climate Action are convening the Race to Zero Dialogues online, in collaboration with the Marrakech Partnership, from 9 to 19 November 2020. It is a two-week series of nearly 100 virtual events, examining how to mitigate climate change while building resilience to its impacts. It will bring together major leaders, including Heads of State, Ministers, CEOs, Mayors, Governors, and other international figures.
Roadmaps to limit the rise of temperature to 1.5oC
The granular roadmaps will achieve the Paris Agreement across 8 sectors, namely energy, industry, transport, human settlements, oceans, water, nature-based solutions and land use and resilience. These developments will achieve zero emissions by 2050 (i.e. net-zero target) and avert the worst impacts of climate change, according to the Climate Action Pathways report. It was published by the UNFCCC High-Level Climate Champions and the Marrakech Partnership.
The Marrakech Partnership for Global Climate Action, under the leadership of the Champions, have produced the pathways. This partnership is a global alliance of more than 320 major initiatives and coalitions — including the International Union for Conservation of Nature, Oxford University, World Economic Forum, the World Health Organization, and WWF — located across 27 countries.
The pathways outline the near- and long-term milestones to limit the global temperatures to 1.5°C in the sectors of energy, cities and other human settlements, industry, land use, oceans and coastal zones, transport, water and resilience. They will collectively provide the coordinated climate ambition in the run-up to the COP26 UN climate change conference in Glasgow in November 2021. The Paris Agreement in 2015 calls on the countries to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050 while limiting the rise of global temperature within 1.5C.
The plan of 8 sectors
The plans of 8 sectors are as follows:
Energy:
Green hydrogen: 25 GW of capacity under construction, achieving $1.5/kg, with an investment of at least US$100 billion by 2025
90 utilities and developers and eight major oil and gas companies adopting verified net-zero commitments aligned to 1.5°C and in 2021
Building on growth in generation from wind and solar technologies already on Paris-compliant trajectories, with renewables cheaper to build than fossil fuel power plants in 85% of the world
Retailers increase sales of circular products by 50% and transition their entire large-goods vehicle fleets to 100% zero carbon by 2030
Fast-moving consumer goods (or packaged goods) companies ensure zero deforestation from their sourcing of major commodities, cut waste by 50% within their operations and from consumers, and sales of circular and plant-based products increase by 50% by 2030
Problematic or unnecessary plastic packaging is eliminated (100% of plastic packaging is reusable, recyclable, or compostable) by 2025
Markets commit to 100% zero-emission vehicles by 2035
10 industrial-scale zero-carbon ship demonstration projects realized by 2025
85% of CO2 emission reductions needed to meet the 1.5°C target achieved with existing and emerging policies and technologies, such as electrification and efficiency improvement
Human Settlements:
All new buildings operate at net zero carbon and are resilient to future projected climate shocks by 2030
Widespread energy efficient retrofit of existing buildings is well underway by 2030, with increased renovation rates to net-zero carbon standards of at least 3% per year
70% of cumulative CO2 emission reductions in the built environment can be achieved by deploying solutions available on the market today
Oceans:
Overfishing and destructive fishing practices are ended by 2021, and science-based management is implemented to restore fish stocks in the shortest time possible
30% of fully and highly protected Marine Protected Areas are designated and implemented by 2030
Increased resilience and adaptive capacity of ocean-dependent coastal communities (fisheries and aquaculture) and vulnerability assessments conducted by 2025
The stable market of zero-carbon fuels by 2030
Double the share of sustainable renewable energy used in water extraction, supply, treatment and reuse by 2025
Water and wastewater utilities fully decarbonised and climate resilience improved through climate risk management by 2030
30% of Earth's water-related natural ecosystems are protected and restored by 2030
Nature-Based Solutions & Land Use:
Full 37% contribution of the land-use sector to the Paris Agreement by 2050
Loss and degradation of remaining primary forests and other natural terrestrial ecosystems dropped by 70% by 2030, with deforestation ended by 2025
Finance for nature-based solutions reaching US$100 billion/year by 2030
Resilience:
Early warning systems in place for 1 billion people in developing countries and cities have heatwave action plans in place by 2025
By 2025, risk finance and insurance provided to 500 million vulnerable people
US$6.9 trillion annually invested in infrastructure is more climate-resilient and 600 million slum dwellers resilient and lifted out of poverty by 2030
Praise from the leaders
The Dialogues have received the recognition from the leaders of the UN as well as the COP26.
United Nations Secretary-General, António Guterres, said: "I thank the High-Level Climate Champions for convening these Dialogues on the original dates of COP26. The postponement highlights the disruption the COVID-19 pandemic has caused and that climate action is more urgent than ever."
Alok Sharma, UK Secretary of State for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy and COP26 President, said: "Over the next 9 days, I hope that these Race to Zero Dialogues will spark new ideas, alliances, and action which will drive progress. It's great to see the Dialogues include such a wide range of voices, from civil society organizations, young people, businesses and investors."
Kicking off Race to Zero Dialogues
Race-to-Zero November Dialogues Programme https://unfccc.int/climate-action/race-to-zero/race-to-zero-november-dialogues-programme
Previous Climate change is the battle that civil engineers should focus on, says President Skinner
Next 'UN75: Sustainable Engineering in Action' – ICE launches book after 75 years
AppophiaM says:
These are certainly ambitious and time-bound goals and will certainly be looking forward to seeing the plan of implementation.
The plan of implementation is critical. Thank you!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Describes how to dynamically rank rows when you perform a SELECT Transact-SQL.
How to dynamically number rows in. values, discontinuous row.
I know how to count occurences of a single character in SQL, using.
Here we will discuss how to find the duplicity in a column of a Table in SQL. values and Number of occurrence. rows which count of ID value is.In this article THIS TOPIC APPLIES TO: SQL Server (starting with 2008) Azure SQL Database Azure SQL Data Warehouse Parallel Data Warehouse.
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Use GROUP BY on that derived table to count the occurrences of.
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SQL Server T-SQL Code to Return Consecutive Values Over a. data stored in a SQL Server column exceeds a specified value for more.


This elegant statue of the Buddha Guan Yin (Avalokitesvara in Tibetan) or "She who observes all sounds of suffering in the world" holds a jar of Pure Water. Her left hand is shown in Shuni mudra, representing the desire to improve intuition, alertness, and sensory powers, as well as the ability to purify thoughts and emotions.
The sister statue, also depicting Guan Yin, wears the crown of Pure Water. Her hands are also shown in the Shuni mudra.


Thanks for the tip on the BeerSmith Forum. I hopped on and posted my issue along with my analysis and workaround in their support section; we'll see if I'm on the right track, or if they can steer me in the right direction.
I entered my recipe for Grand Bohemian Czech Pilsner, with my small extract equipment profile, made sure extract was selected under recipe, and took Mr Beer's IBU: 27 - multiplied it by 2 and divided by 1.87 I'm getting a predicted: ABV: 4.86%. IBU: 24.6 This is brewing 2.2 gallons and sacrificing .2 gallons to the fermenter and trub - 2 gallons to keg Recipe is 1 can HME and a pound of Pale DME 2.27 oz table sugar to keg and carbonate This seems close If I brewed 2 gallons straight up, the numbers should be almost dead on Mr Beer published numbers with the only variation left being the DME numbers. So it looks like they assumed a 1 pound can of extract for the HME and doubled the published IBU to make the numbers work for a 2 gallon batch.
BS3 is amazing. i use it all of the time and getting much better at it. haven't run a MRB recipe through it yet, although i'm sure someone on this forum knows. BS forum is also very good. there are some guys on it that know it inside and out.
Took me a while to find this and apply it to BeerSmith 3.0 on iPad. Super helpful - thank you.


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This is the first issue of the English version of the Annual Report of the Astronomical Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences. Its structure and layout are, however, considerably different from those of the corresponding Slovak version (also available at our web page). Here, we focus almost uniquely on the scientific activities of the institute and omit a�number of important "non-scientic" issues, like, e.g., financial matters of the institute, teaching commitments at universities, etc.; these can only be found in the Slovak version.
Looking back at the year 2002 and comparing our professional activities and results achieved during it with those of the previous years, we can be quite satisfied. Let me just briefly summarise major accomplishments. We have published 54 papers in internationally distinguished refereed journals and 55 articles in conference proceedings. A�number of interesting results have been obtained, some of them being highlighted in what follows. Our institute plays a� very important role in 14 well-established international projects and a� number of informal collaborations. Our institute hosted and co-sponsored the NATO Advanced Research Workshop "The Nature of Time: Geometry, Physics and Perception," which turned out to be a�very successful professional forum for 48 participants from 20 countries worldwide. We have also succeeded in substantially improving our observational facilities. A�new 50-cm telescope for CCD photometry of variable stars was put into operation and a repair of the dome of the coronal station at Lomnick� Peak has been completed. We have upgraded a�few computers and bought a�new, five-user licence of the Interactive Data language (IDL).
Yet, there were also a�number of problems we had to face. The main, and most pressing one, is our meager budget for purchase of new literature. A�majority of journals we keep receiving thanks to an exchange policy for current issues of our journal Contributions of the Astronomical Observatory Skalnat� Pleso (CAOSP). The last volume of the CAOSP (number 32) appeared in two regular issues. The journal is covered by the ISI and is electronically available from our web page (http://www.astro.sk) and the ADS database as well.
Ján Svoren
director of AI SAS
Jan Rybak 2003-06-06


Lisbon is one of those cities that I never tire of visiting. There is something so appealing in Lisbon's lively mix of winding alleys, steep hills, ancient trolleys, with the twin old-towns climbing the hills along each side of the downtown. There is plenty of good food and wine, and it's full of down-to-earth people.
Portugal was the first European country to be successful on the world stage, which added a number of grand monuments, squares, boulevards and buildings. But that brief golden age of glory was soon eclipsed by the expansion of bigger, stronger neighbors. Luckily, though, Lisbon's fading elegance has been compensated by its residents' creativity and resilience. People here are traditionally not very rich, but they know how to live, and the street-side lifestyle and the music can match the cultural scene in any other city.
And the wonderful variety of neighborhoods provides a lot of opportunities for great runs.
So here they are, the five definitive routes in this city of character.
Alfama: This is Lisbon's oldest neighborhood, going back to pre-Roman days. It's full of winding lanes, with hole-in-the-wall shops and canaries singing overhead on the balconies, and wash drying overhead. There are few European cities with such an original old town as this.
Downtown/Baixa Avenues: This route follows tree-lined Avenida da Liberdade out to Parque Eduardo VII, heading through old squares, past monuments, fountains, and a botanical garden. At the park, you top it off with a great view over the town center.
Bairro Alto: This is the other old-town, the one with all the hip stores, restaurants and bars. It's full of young people every evening and also offers some great views over the downtown and towards the castle.
Belém: This elegant suburb is home to multiple UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including its famous tower and monastery. There is also a beautiful stretch of riverfront here, another botanical garden, some big museums and the presidential palace. It's also home to those wonderful Portuguese natas, (those amazing custard tarts).
Park of the Nations: This modern neighborhood was the site of the 1998 Expo. Now, its extravagant modern architecture and landscaping is home to offices, shops, apartments, museums, hotels, and a wild-looking train station. Along the river, there is a ski-lift, a marina and a few parks. This run explores it all.


Under10 Playbook: Feed the product team using "pull"
Feed the product team using "pull"
What is (and isn't) product management?
Where does product management belong in your organization?
Do product managers need to be technical?
As soon as somebody says you're spending too much time on something, you're on the right track.—Bob Lefsetz, American music industry author.
There are two approaches to delivering stories to your product team: pull and push. Typically, product managers and executives "push" more and more requests to the developers. Even though the team already has a bunch of things, we push another few and then another few and then some more until the team is paralyzed with unfinished work. In more practical terms, the product manager builds a long list of prioritized requirements, perhaps grouping them into themes or releases, and sends the developers a few hundred items at a time. This is probably the most common scenario and tends to have three negative effects.
First, a long list of stories is overwhelming to the team, which damages their spirit and hurts productivity. Second, this approach tends to give you a whole bunch of disconnected stories so you have 80% of everything but not 100% of anything. Finally, pushing a lot of work at one time means you can't reasonably re-prioritize the work when business conditions change.
Rather than pushing a bunch of work to developers, I prefer to let them "pull" work when they're available to take on new tasks. In this scenario, the product manager maintains a long list of prioritized work. Developers request more work when they have bandwidth and the product manager hands them the next thing on the prioritized list.
One of the chief ideas of Kanban is to limit the amount of work in progress. Each developer works on one item at a time. They work until they're done and then ask for more work. The product manager maintains a steady queue of work in queue.
Since the product manager is constantly prioritizing the list, the most important items are always on the top of the queue, waiting for development bandwidth.
Task switching is a well-known detriment to productivity. You want to avoid changing the work that has begun. Never mess with work-in-progress. But since no work is being done on your story queue, you can always add items to the top, bottom or the middle based on their importance.
In one product management job, I was told the development team was terrible; they couldn't seem to finish anything. Investigating further, I found the problem wasn't with the developers but with the executives. They were changing the priorities constantly. They didn't seem to realize that one sentence from the leadership team meant weeks (or months) of work for the product team. I found the developers to be quite competent but with an ever-changing priority list, they couldn't complete anything before a new #1 priority interfered.
We switched the team from a push approach to a pull technique. We didn't mess with anything that was in progress. All new ideas went into the product manager's queue, was prioritized based on business value, and then delivered to development when they needed work. That meant that executive pet projects could be put on the stack and then delivered to the team when the item became a top priority.
It also meant that bugs and architectural stories could be delivered to development just like requests for new functionality.
And when you're working in short cycles, new important items can be started every week or so. It's not like we have to wait a month or a quarter to begin a new initiative.
Are you using a "pull" method with your team?
This queuing approach is used by many teams; it's what we recommend in our workshops and what we've instrumented in our software.


Simple, elegant, and the perfect way to send your love on Valentine's Day! Deep red roses are the ideal expression of romance and beauty, and an adorable plush "Bear Hug" teddy adds a touch of delight for your special girl!
Three stunning red roses are arranged with solidago in a red bud vase, encircled by an adorable hugging bear!


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News Sports Biz VT Life Obituaries eNewspaper Legals
How the coronavirus affected Middlebury College students studying in China
Ezra Nugiel
for the Free Press
Light blue surgical face masks are not going to cut it for 37 students enrolled in Middlebury College's School in China this spring.
The coronavirus outbreak in China prompted Middlebury's decision to suspend its China spring semester which the college announced via an email blast Tuesday afternoon.
"As of today (1/28) the death toll stands at 106 people, all in China. Over 4,600 cases have been reported worldwide. Transportation between and within cities in China remains severely restricted. Crowd-attracting areas such as cultural sites are closed and the U.S. Consulate in Wuhan is being evacuated. Universities across China are delaying the beginning of the spring semester by one to two weeks (for now). The CDC and State Department recently raised their risk advice to Level 3 ("avoid nonessential travel" and "reconsider travel"). Several colleges and universities and study abroad providers have suspended their programs and/or banned all travel to China. The list will likely expand rapidly within the next couple of days."
Middlebury College offers study abroad at three locations in China: Beijing, Hangzhou, and Kunming. All three sites were suspended.
Of the 37 students enrolled in Middlebury programs in China, 18 come from 14 different U.S. institutions.
Middlebury will permit students to reenroll immediately for the spring. Non-Middlebury students from institutions that started class earlier in January will also be offered the opportunity to come to Middlebury for the spring semester and the college expects to have seven or eight of these cases.
Coronaviruses are varied in that some affect humans while others affect animals such as cats. They generally cause breathing problems in those who are infected.
"There is currently no vaccine to prevent infection. It is flu and respiratory disease season and people are encouraged to get their flu shot and take everyday preventive actions to stop the spread of germs: Wash your hands often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds. If soap and water are not available, use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer. Avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth with unwashed hands," Vermont's Public Health Response website reports.
Follow Ezra on Twitter: @EzraNugiel
This coverage is only possible with support from our readers. Sign up today for a digital subscription.


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Culture » Arts & Entertainment
Scary Halloween Movies
Creep Shows: A few Halloween movie suggestions for genuine heebie-jeebie moments.
by MaryAnn Johanson
It's that time of year again. Yes, Halloween, but more notably, it's the time of year when the lists of scary movies pop up like plastic skeletons in a bad funhouse. Yes, we know that The Exorcist is the scariest movie ever made—and we know it because we hear it every year.
But Halloween, to me, isn't about "scary," it's about "creepy." Scares make you jump out of your seat and scream, but then they're gone. The creeps stay with you forever, and then sneak back up on you in the middle of the night and keep you awake long into the wee hours. Here's what does that to me—cinematically speaking, at least:
Creepiest psychos: There's Anthony Perkins' Norman Bates in Psycho, of course, which pretty much guarantees I can't sleep in a roadside motel without wondering if I'm being spied on in the shower. And Jack Nicholson's Jack Torrence in The Shining has made me wonder who might be lurking down the long empty corridor of a big hotel, so I pretty much can't stay anywhere away from home that doesn't creep me out. Anthony Hopkins' Hannibal Lecter from The Silence of the Lambs prevents me from ever eating fava beans or liver, and after Hannibal, I shall never ever eat a sauteed slice of Ray Liotta's brains, no matter how nicely it is offered.
Creepiest kids: I must avoid schools, playgrounds, and anywhere else children congregate lest they all suddenly morph into those weird blond kids from Village of the Damned. Wells are right off the list of places I visit in case the little girl from The Ring climbs out and tries to slap me with her hair. Damien, son of Satan, from The Omen has ensured that I will never adopt a child, because you just never know where they came from. I could never go to a high school dance because Carrie (of the movie of the same name) might show up, even though no one wanted her around. And I really hope vampires aren't real, because if they are, there are probably lots of them around who are like sinister Claudia of Interview with the Vampire—eternally a child, and damned unnerving because of that.
Creepiest gifts: I've been exaggerating for Halloween-y effect until now—of course, I really love children (even though they can be the only real monsters that exist). But I'm not kidding at all when I say that I almost cannot open a present without hearing Brad Pitt in my head screeching, "What's in the box? What's in the box?" Of course, in Seven, he received a terrible gift, and he pretty much knew what was in the box before he asked.
Runner-up: No matter how nice or expensive a beauty product it may be, the moment anyone presents me with a bottle and instructs me, "It puts the lotion on its skin," a la Jame Gumb in The Silence of the Lambs, I won't do it—unless I'm in the bottom of a pit and must placate my psychotic kidnapper.
Other top moments of creep on film:
Creepiest aliens: Every time I see that news footage of the spindly ETs on Joaquin Phoenix's TV in Signs, I am "ooked out" for days.
Creepiest circus folk: The sideshow denizens of Tod Browning's Freaks. "One of us, one of us, one of us ..." Not that the mean normal girl who taunted them doesn't deserve what they dish out to her.
Creepiest insects: The nonexistent critters in Bug, the little-seen 2006 psychological horror movie starring Ashley Judd. I cannot scratch an itch without wondering what could be crawling around under my skin, or what I could be convinced into thinking it could be.
Creepiest animals: The flying monkeys of The Wizard of Oz. Needs no further explanation, does it?
Creepiest appliance: The TV in Poltergeist. The rise of cable means no more static on dead channels, but still …
Creepiest workplace: Willy Wonka's chocolate factory. If I had to work with Oompa-Loompas, I'd quit.
Arts & Entertainment Other A&E Creepiest psychos: The Exorcist Psycho The Shining Hannibal Villag,


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Q: Get Chatter Topic Limits via Apex I know that the current governor limit allows only 10 topics in single chatter post thread.  Is it possible to get this limit using apex, via the Limits class for example?
This would allow the code to adjust automatically to the new limit if it were ever to change.


Discover and research the 7 colleges with Architectural Engineering Technology/Technician majors in Wisconsin with Noodle. Find the right Architectural Engineering Technology/Technician colleges for you by entering your GPA, test scores and other preferences.
There are 7 Architectural Engineering Technology/Technician Colleges in Wisconsin.


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Chief Executive, Leicestershire
Closing date: 30 Jan 2020 New this week
David Ross Education TrustLeicestershire
David Ross Education Trust (DRET) schools create rich and exciting learning environments, inspiring students to become their confident and successful best. We are committed to giving every child attending our 34 schools a world-class and well-rounded education.
We educate 13,000 students in 22 primaries, 11 secondaries and a special school and we have 1,900 teachers and staff. Our schools combine academic excellence with world class pastoral and enrichment provision, drawing on the best of what the independent sector has to offer within the state system.
We are looking for a dynamic and strategic Chief Executive to lead our MAT into the next exciting stage of our development. The successful candidate will passionately believe in our vision to provide an education that broadens the horizons of all our pupils They will share our ambition for every school to become Outstanding and for DRET to be system-leading in all areas. S/he will know how to harness the expertise of a strong central team, a highly engaged Chairman and a well-qualified Board, fostering an ethos of continuous improvement.
Our new Chief Executive will have a proven track record of success in strategic, operational and people leadership in complex, rapidly evolving organisations. S/he will possess exceptional interpersonal, ambassadorial and networking skills; will be confident and resilient; and will have the leadership skills needed to build these qualities in others and nurture leadership talent from within the organisation. Finally, the successful candidate will believe passionately in the transformative power of education.
For further information or to apply please visit https://candidates.perrettlaver.com/vacancies/ quoting reference number 4524. The closing date for applications is 0830hrs GMT on Thursday 30th January 2020.
David Ross Education Trust is committed to safeguarding and promoting the welfare of children. The successful candidate must be willing to undergo an enhanced disclosure through the Disclosure and Barring Service.
Protecting your personal data is of the utmost importance to Perrett Laver and we take this responsibility very seriously. Any information obtained by our trading divisions is held and processed in accordance with the relevant data protection legislation. The data you provide us with is securely stored on our computerised database and transferred to our clients for the purposes of presenting you as a candidate and/or considering your suitability for a role you have registered interest in.
As defined under the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Perrett Laver is a Data Controller and a Data Processor, and our legal basis for processing your personal data is 'Legitimate Interests'. You have the right to object to us processing your data in this way. For more information about this, your rights, and our approach to Data Protection and Privacy, please visit our website http://www.perrettlaver.com/information/privacy/
Applicant Info Pack
DRET Strategy doc_020120_FINAL.pdf
More about David Ross Education Trust
Type: English Secondary Schools
Address: Charnwood College, Thorpe Hill, Loughborough, LE11 4SQ, United Kingdom. View in Google Maps
Website: http://www.dret.co.uk/
The David Ross Education Trust is a network of unique and diverse academies, committed to becoming one of the top-performing multi-academy trusts in the country. Recognised as one of 11 system leaders nationwide, the Trust works with 34 primary and s...
Contact David Ross Education Trust


Urgent Care facilities face unique challenges in coding and billing. EHealthSource provides industry leading reimbursement rates through decades of experience, certified coding, and the latest in billing technologies.
Urgent Care centers have unique needs when it comes to practice operations, billing, coding, efficiency and cash flow. As specialists in medical insurance billing services for acute care areas, we are accustomed to the specialized medical coding for episodic visits provided in urgent care settings. Our billing automation strategies greatly enhance rapid and maximum collections. We offer assistance negotiating favorable contracts with numerous PPO and HMO plans and implement strategies that account for all medical records generated, verify eligibility, define staffing needs and provide detailed management reports for enhancing physician practice management. By maintaining a consistent "flow" of all processes, we facilitate efficient and effective operations that maximize urgent care provider efficiency and profits.


Last week's 3-day Internet World show at Earl's Court, London, provided GOSS – the Enterprise Content Management company – with a platform to successfully launch and demonstrate the latest version of its 'market-leading' intelligent Content Management solution, iCM, and its Asset and Resource management application (iAM).
Visitors to the GOSS stand found its Website, Intranet & e-Tailing solutions to be innovative and dynamic, having a user-friendly interface, which is easy to use, but with a high degree of functionality. Sharron Robbie adds, "It would appear that Content Management market remains vibrant with many visitors to the GOSS stand showing a particular interest in our latest version of our Content management software, iCM and in our new features email to web and our auto-suggest functions".
Judith Price, Head of ICT at Teignbridge District Council, highlighted many of the benefits of working with GOSS in her presentation at the show. The Council works closely with GOSS, which has provided the local authority with a flexible licensing structure that enables local not for profit organisations to obtain a free web presence via the Teignbridge.info web portal. Organisations are provided with free software training to ensure that participants are able to quickly and easily update their particular areas of the site.
The success of the new product launches, and the development and success of the Teignbridge community portal, along with the Dorsetforyou and Cornish Key portals, demonstrate why GOSS are recognised by the Society of IT Managers (Socitm) in its 'Better Connected 2006' report as a serious contender and as a market leader, next to Microsoft, of Content Management solutions within the local authority sector.
The new products launched by GOSS, complement the company's demonstrable expertise and experience within the Enterprise Content Management space, and enable the achievement of legislative compliance, while helping organisations and companies to meet the challenges of managing data and content from a variety of sources. GOSS are successfully enabling the Management of Mobile Content through their innovative approach to providing intelligent business solutions.
About GOSS – GOSS develop and deliver Enterprise Content Management software, associated services and solutions. GOSS solutions are based on a sound understanding of client requirements and the technology we use to meet your customers' needs.
Visit our website - To read more articles about GOSS, please either visit our website or http://www.media-insert.co.uk.


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The simple IV giving set
The humble giving set. Simple in its design, low cost, readily available and frequently used. For many, it is quite simply a lifesaver!
In modern day medical practice, intravenous1 (IV) giving sets are regularly used to provide fluid therapy, to administer medicines, and blood products (e.g., blood & platelets). This practice is called infusion therapy. Most sets work by using gravity, often called gravity infusion.
Today, for clinicians and patients the use of such therapy is considered standard practice. Back in the 19th century however, things were very different...
The Early Beginnings
Back in 1830, prior to intravenous fluid therapy and the discovery of its benefits, the humble giving set knew no real existence.
It was thanks to Dr Thomas Latta of Leith, Scotland that the technique was pioneered, in his treatment of UK patients suffering from an outbreak of Cholera during 1831-1832. However, the theory that lead to this development can be traced right back to the Middle Ages.
William Harvey is cited as being the first to fully understand the anatomy and physiology of the human circulatory system, back in 1628! Subsequent experimentation on both animals and humans eventually gave rise to Dr Latta's development of the IV infusion technique.
Dr Latta identified that Cholera patients experienced a 30% reduction in the water content of blood and that it was important to replenish this missing fluid content. He wrote extensively about his use of the Read Patent Syringe to re-introduce this by 'throw[ing] the fluid immediately into the circulation.'
Infusion therapy in the 20th century
Despite the initially positive reaction by the medical profession to the benefits of this new technique, the use of intravenous infusion therapy quickly disappeared after Latta's death in 1833. This disappearance was caused by a combination of factors, including the reduction in Cholera pandemics, which left no impetus for physicians to develop the technique further; and the scepticism of some medical professionals.
It was not until the discovery of blood groups, and World Wars I and II that the use of IV infusion therapy gained popularity. Improvement in plastic materials in the late 20th century made the use of infusion therapy easier, cheaper, more accessible, and provided improved levels of infection control.
Current practice
IV infusion therapy is a daily part of treatment in clinical settings - within hospitals, care homes and the pre-hospital field. It is commonly used as an integral part of treatment regimes by paramedics and doctors responding on land ambulances and air ambulances, particularly in the management of traumatic injury.
Just over a decade ago the pre-hospital focus for the use of IV infusion therapy, particularly in managing medical shock and traumatic injury, was to provide large fluid boluses. Current practice now supports a more measured approach that ensures the patient maintains a base level (systolic) blood pressure. This minimises the risks associated with fluid overload from the use of fluids like saline that have no oxygen carrying capacity.
The JRCALC 2019 Clinical Practice Guidelines and JRCALC Clinical Guidelines 2019 Pocket Book contain up-to-date information on IV fluid therapy. We highly recommend purchasing a copy of these guidelines as they contain essential guidance on the administration of IV fuids.
Components of an IV infusion therapy set
In the pre-hospital care setting two different types of gravity IV infusion therapy sets are used. Those for giving non-blood products (e.g., saline) and those for giving blood products. The B.Braun Single Chamber IV Infusion Set is an example of a set used for the administration of non-blood products, which features a single chamber and 15 micrometer in-line filter. For the administration of blood and blood products we recommend the dual chambered Shermond Blood Infusion Set, with a 200 micron filter designed to allow larger particles to pass through it.
There are a other varieties of these two core types exist, with some having drug injection ports, clamps and graded flow controllers. The image provides an overview of the core components of an IV infusion therapy set.
The humble giving set, related techniques, and prevalence of its use has changed significantly since its very early beginnings in the Middle Ages and the early 19th century. Today it continues to hold its place in modern day medicine and clinical practice. Although the administration of large bolus fluids, particulalry in pre-hospital care, has changed, we still expect the giving set to be around for a few years to come!
The next time you use a IV infusion therapy set, or if you are unfortunate to be on the receiving end of one, consider the history behind it as it is more than 'just a bit of plastic'. It's often a life-saver!
If you need expert advice on IV infusion therapy products and associated products, please contact our team on 01329 311451. You can also explore our range of these products on our IV Cannulation and Fluid Therapy pages.
Footnotes and sources
1 Intravenous means 'taking place within a vein'.
History of IV therapy - Workplace Nurses LLC
What is IV Therapy? - Ware, Brenda Lesson 7, Chapter 30; Study.com
Dr Thomas Latta - The Father of intravenous fluid therapy - MacGillivary, Neil; Journal of Infection Prevention; September 2009 vol. 10 no. 1 suppl s3-s6
Other sources are linked directly within the article.


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Bibi's Coalition Gamble
Date: February 20, 2013Author: ottomansandzionists 6 Comments
It has been almost a month since the Israeli election, and yesterday finally brought us the first move to form a coalition as Tzipi Livni's Hatnua party agreed to join up with Bibi Netanyahu and Likud Beiteinu. I have been skeptical throughout the campaign and the election's aftermath that Livni would come to an agreement with Netanyahu given her efforts to convince Ehud Olmert and even Shimon Peres to run; her failed maneuvering at uniting Hatnua, Labor, and Yesh Atid into an anti-Bibi bloc; her constant railing against Netanyahu as a danger and a failed prime minister; the fact that Hatnua includes former Labor leaders Amir Peretz and Amram Mitzna, neither of whom are exactly Netanyahu cheerleaders; and finally, her refusal to join with Bibi after the last election when her party – which was then Kadima – had the most seats in the Knesset and she would have been able to work out a deal in which she served as co-prime minister. Nevertheless, Livni has now reversed course and has accepted the positions of Justice Minister and chief negotiator with the Palestinians, and she will be reporting to Netanyahu rather than the eventual Foreign Minister in this latter gig.
Many people are now speculating on what this means for the peace process and whether Livni's overseeing negotiations means that we can expect some real movement ahead. I don't think this changes anything and I wouldn't be taking any investment advice from people who think that Livni is going to pull Netanyahu along rather than the reverse, but the really interesting angle here is the political one. Bringing Livni into the coalition is not about Netanyahu signaling anything on the peace process, but about putting pressure on Naftali Bennett to join the government. The thinking on Netanyahu's part goes as follows: he now has 37 seats lined up and getting Kadima and its 2 seats is a given, and he is on the verge of adding Shas (his real goal all along) and its 11 seats, which means that he can then turn to Bennett and Habayit Hayehudi and use their 12 seats to get past the magic number of 61. Netanyahu is gambling that once he adds Kadima and Shas, he will present Bennett with an ultimatum of joining the government or calling new elections, and that Bennett will not be able to withstand the pressure ensuing from calls for him to join a rightwing coalition and so he will crack. Essentially, Netanyahu is betting on Bennett's alliance with Yair Lapid and Yesh Atid not being strong enough to buck the rightwing nationalist forces in HH who want to band together with Likud and the religious forces in HH who don't see why serving in a government with Shas is the end of the world. Hence the immediate rumors that negotiations with Shas are proceeding and that it too will join the coalition imminently.
This plan of Bibi's seems nicely formulated, but ultimately I don't think it will work. More importantly, if Bennett is smart he will make sure that it doesn't. The success of Bibi's strategy turns on the idea that Bennett will do anything to avoid going to another round of elections, but much as I thought (correctly, as it turned out) that Netanyahu miscalculated in allying with Yisrael Beiteinu, I think he is miscalculating here as well. Netanyahu's gamble is that new elections will cost Bennett seats and weaken his position, and that might have been true before yesterday, but bringing in Livni changes things in a big way. If I am a HH voter, I am not going to punish the party for not joining with its natural Likud partner by fleeing and and now voting for Likud since bringing Tzipi Livni on board to deal with peace process issues makes Likud untrustworthy. Looking at this map of election results and seeing where HH got votes makes this point abundantly clear; voters in Elon Moreh and Karnei Shomron are not now going to give up on Bennett and vote for Bibi given his most recent coalition choice.
In addition, many Likud voters are not going to be terribly happy now that Netanyahu has banded together with Livni, and I don't see how doing so possibly increases his share of votes at all in a hypothetical new round of elections. If anything, it drives even more people away and into the arms of Bennett, and if you need some further proof, just look at Moshe Feiglin's crack today that he hopes Likud will be in the coalition too. Furthermore, by trying to repeat history and bring Shas – his most pliable partners – into the coalition, Netanyahu is turning his back on the draft issue, which is one of the most popular issues in Israel today and which Lapid rode to his stunning success. Not only is Netanyahu potentially angering his base by bringing Livni in, he is angering many other voters who don't understand why he insists on bringing Shas into the government despite the massive popular will for reforming the draft. Given what has transpired, if new elections were held today, I think that Likud would drop even further while Habayit Hayehudi and Yesh Atid would pick up some new mandates.
Netanyahu is behaving as if bringing first Livni and then Shas into the government gives him all the leverage he needs over Bennett to break up the YA-HH alliance, but I think he has things wrong. If he brings in Shas, he will then be unable to form a government without Lapid or Bennett (I am operating on the assumption that Labor is not joining at this point), and so in reality Bennett will be the one with the leverage over Netanyahu. Reports are that Bennett is feeling heat from within his party over his footdragging to run to Likud and his head-scratching unbreakable bond with Lapid, but by brining Livni into the government, Netanyahu actually did Bennett a favor. He now has a good excuse to sit tight, and once Netanyahu strikes a deal with Shas, he benefits further from sticking to his guns on the draft issue and staying out. If I were Bennett and Netanyahu presented me with the ultimatum to join the coalition with Shas or go to new elections, I would be printing up new campaign posters before even getting off the phone.
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6 thoughts on "Bibi's Coalition Gamble"
יהודים על הירח says:
Many things might happen in Israeli politics, but a new elections campaign is not one of them. I will not give it even 1 to 1000 chance. The likud will get rid of Netanyahu long before it happens.
ottomansandzionists says:
I agree – I don't actually think new elections will happen because Bennett will succumb and join the coalition. I am just pointing out that if Bibi were to make that bluff, if I were Bennett I would call him on it.
zjb says:
I'm not sure just why Netanyahu would want to go into elections when a very possible and even likely outcome is that Likud-Beitunu continues to bleed mandates.
I don't think he wants new elections at all; I think he wants to use the threat of them to get the coalition makeup that he wants, which – if reports are to be believed – is a rightwing and haredi bloc with Livni in there as a token to mollify international opinion and so that he can claim that his coalition is "broad-based."
yes, yes, but when you make a threat like this, you better be prepared to pull the trigger when push comes to shove. given the last round of electoral results, i'm not sure why he would think this is wise.
Well, let's remember that his political instincts seem to be badly off these days. The YB merger was a disaster, as was running a campaign without a platform or any appreciable policy positions other than "I'll be strong on Iran." So I agree with you entirely that it would be a dumb thing to do, but Bibi is not above dumb decisions these days.


text:
RESOURCE MOVEMENT
As millions suffer from the pandemic, who's getting rich?
This piece originally appeared on Briarpatch
Foodsters United stage a protest in front of Foodora's local headquarters after the company abruptly announced its withdrawal from Canada. Photo courtesy of Anna Bianca Roach.
"Jeff Bezos set to be world's first trillionaire as coronavirus helps Amazon."
The Daily Star headline, which sparked outrage on Twitter, sums up the vile reality of COVID-19: while millions of people lose jobs and struggle to pay rent, the pandemic is a windfall for billionaires. Despite corporate ad campaigns reminding us that we're "all in this together," the pandemic is not affecting us all in the same way. Research shows that communities who were already made vulnerable before the crisis are bearing the brunt of the devastation: low-wage workers are far more likely to lose their jobs, Black and Indigenous communities have higher rates of infection and death, LGBTQI2S people are being hit harder by the financial impacts, and some of the largest outbreaks are occurring among populations of migrant workers. As millions struggle to meet basic needs, a small group – mainly the suppliers of those needs, like Amazon – are seeing record profits.
Black and Indigenous communities have higher rates of infection and death, LGBTQI2S people are being hit harder by the financial impacts, and some of the largest outbreaks are occurring among populations of migrant workers.
Resource Movement and Briarpatch co-hosted a webinar discussion between researchers and social movement leaders about the few who are currently benefiting from the suffering of the many, and what can be done to curtail these abuses.
Facilitator David Gray-Donald from Resource Movement welcomed Simran Dhunna, an organizer with Climate Justice Peel; Thomas McKechnie, one of the founders of Justice for Foodora Couriers; Ricardo Tranjan, senior researcher at the Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives; and Rama Fayaz and Alexis Phillips, organizers with ACORN Canada to discuss some of the tactics large corporations are taking to consolidate wealth and power during the pandemic. Happily, the conversation ended by highlighting the growing networks of people and movements offering big solutions to these formidable problems.
Who are the pandemic profiteers?
As Dhunna pointed out, despite the crisis, construction has been continuing on extractive projects, including TC Energy's Coastal GasLink pipeline and the federal government's Trans Mountain pipeline expansion. Ongoing construction puts workers and neighbouring Indigenous communities alike in danger of a viral outbreak, while Indigenous sovereignty continues to be trampled. A COVID-19 outbreak from a tar sands camp in Alberta, for instance, spread across five provinces, infecting 106 people and killing two Elders in a Dene village in northern Saskatchewan. The federal government is even providing a $1.7 billion stimulus package for the oil industry to clean up orphaned and abandoned wells – public money going to fund work that was "the companies' moral and legal responsibility to begin with," says Dhunna.
McKechnie followed by pointing out the record-breaking profits being hauled in by the corporations that dominate Canada's food supply chain – from agribusiness companies like Cargill, to grocery stores like Loblaws and their home delivery services like Instacart, to food delivery services like UberEats and Foodora (the latter fled the Canadian market in April, after McKechnie and others won the right for Foodora Couriers to unionize). These services are, of course, essential to facilitate physical distancing measures and in seeing people through the crisis. But, as Dhunna and McKechnie both noted, many of these companies are making their profits by treating their workers as disposable, and by doubling down on their massive carbon footprints. Cargill, for instance, has been cited having a carbon footprint bigger than that of Denmark, Bulgaria, and Sweden combined. Foodora has long misclassified their workers as independent contractors in order to deny workers the right to unionize and engage in collective bargaining.
The federal government is even providing a $1.7 billion stimulus package for the oil industry to clean up orphaned and abandoned wells – public money going to fund work that was "the companies' moral and legal responsibility to begin with," says Dhunna.
But these aren't the only large companies enjoying a windfall by monetizing necessary goods. Landlords are also continuing to profit off providing shelter, at a time when many people are finding it impossible to pay rent. Tranjan explains that those who oppose rent freezes, forgiveness, or strikes often invoke the stereotype of the typical landlord as an elderly woman renting a room in her house to college students. In reality, only 340,000 homeowners across Canada rent out part of their residence, housing about 6 per cent of the tenant households across the country. Tranjan's research shows that, in contrast, the 20 largest landlords alone own 20 per cent of all rental units throughout Canada. These landlords are, overwhelmingly, Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITS), financial vehicles that manage assets on behalf of investors. Tranjan says that many REITs and corporate landlords wouldn't necessarily lose money if they evicted tenants, since that would mean being able to raise rents and enjoy even larger profits in the coming years.
On the other side, "many tenants are being forced to choose between paying rent and buying food for their families," says Fayaz. Fayaz and Phillips note that families that ACORN works with have still been getting eviction notices, even in jurisdictions that have banned landlords from evicting tenants during the pandemic. Worried about the future as well as their immediate survival, they're forced to borrow from payday lenders at exorbitant rates – as much as 780 per cent interest – creating a vicious cycle of debt, as Fayaz calls it.
Tranjan says that many REITs and corporate landlords wouldn't necessarily lost money if they evicted tenants, since that would mean being able to raise rents and enjoy even larger profits in the coming years.
This is especially acute for those with precarious and low-paying work. According to analysis by the CCPA, about 650,000 workers making $16 an hour or less have had their jobs protected by emergency measures, but they work in industries like retail or sanitation that put them at very high risk of being exposed to the virus. They must continue to risk infection in order to keep their jobs, or quit without then being able to claim CERB. Yet, these workers are living almost paycheque-to-paycheque, as Tranjan found in a recent report. His research revealed that about half of the 3.4 million Canadian households who are tenants and rely on wages or salaries as their primary source of support have less than one month's worth of savings, and over a million have less than two weeks. Hence the "vicious cycle" of survival-debt that Fayaz and Phillips warn about.
And although housing and food are the most obvious necessities targeted for profiteering, the internet has also been proven to be an essential service – one that's under the control of large corporations. Telecommunications companies like Rogers and Bell continue to offer only market rates for their services, making working and studying from home impossible for low-income households. "Children are at home and don't have internet" for schooling, Phillips pointed out. ACORN has demanded $10/month high speed internet plans for low-income families, now and after the pandemic.
How are we going to stop the profiteers?
Tranjan, Fayaz, and Phillips all highlighted the need for federal intervention into the housing market. Tranjan argued that a long-term ban on evictions coupled with rent forgiveness is necessary, so that tenants don't get a massive bill for backed-up rent come the fall. Similarly, Fayaz noted that ACORN has long advocated for more stringent rent control measures across Canada and argued that the stock of community housing in the country fails to meet the growing need. McKechnie went a step further to suggest that housing should be considered an essential right – not a commodity to be bought and sold at all.
Moving the discussion from housing to the challenges of those working under precarious employment, McKechnie reiterated that even before the pandemic, workers in the gig economy had been fighting for their collective rights against powerful interests. He noted that the onus used to be on companies to prove that each individual worker classified as an independent contractor was, in fact, economically separate from the company, but that rulings in the past few years have allowed companies to misclassify gig workers en masse. Even simply returning to the previous arrangement, McKechnie says, would allow gig workers to organize and collectively advocate for adequate rights and protections.
McKechnie went a step further to suggest that housing should be considered an essential right – not a commodity to be bought and sold at all.
Dhunna noted that a People's Bailout is necessary to ensure that the recovery is comprehensive and just – moving money to the people affected by the crisis, rather than to corporations. She noted several specific policy needs: guaranteed housing for all and rent control; retuning land to Indigenous peoples; nationalization of extractive industries to help wind down the fossil fuel industry; labour reforms to allow collective bargaining for gig workers, increase the minimum wage, and extend job benefits like paid sick leave; releasing incarcerated people from prisons; and closing corporate tax loopholes and introducing a tax on excess profits. Gray-Donald noted that Resource Movement has been advocating for wealth and inheritance taxes on the ultra-wealthy (those in the top 10 per cent) – a policy which has the potential to raise several billions of dollars in the next few years, which could be used to fund some of the programs the panellists called for.
Who is working to make these demands a reality?
The meeting wrapped up with an open discussion addressing questions from the audience. Several in attendance wanted to know more about how the panellists' proposed policies could be implemented: Could the government actually reign in those who are profiting as millions suffer, or are these companies just too powerful to regulate?
Tranjan argued that one of the lessons we've learned from the pandemic is that the government is capable of effecting drastic and immediate change – evidenced by how swiftly they were able to allocate nearly $100 billion to spending and deferred payment programs and force businesses across the country to close their doors. Harnessing this same power to implement rent control, build affordable housing, provide free internet, and change labour laws should, it was agreed, be just as achievable.
The panellists were equally unanimous in asserting that the way to get these reforms passed is to put pressure on officials and change the public perception of what governments should and can be doing to help those in need. These are best done through grassroots organizing, including actions one can do from home: emailing representatives; participating in phone actions to companies like Bell or Rogers; signing online petitions like ACORN'S Internet for All campaign, the 15 & Fairness labour reform campaign, or Resource Movement's Wealth and Inheritance Taxes petition; and distributing resources to the people who need them, like through the Share My Cheque pledge and the Foodsters United Hardship Fund.
Harnessing this same power to implement rent control, build affordable housing, provide free internet, and change labour laws should, it was agreed, be just as achievable.
Running a few minutes into overtime, the webinar concluded with impassioned calls from the panellists for all of us to organize within our communities. While Fayaz noted that "we have to organize the people themselves […] the people affected by this," Phillips added that "we need people with resources to fund these organizing efforts." Indeed, most of Resource Movements' members and many in attendance not only have wealth and savings that allow them to cover their basic needs, but many are still drawing large salaries and making money on investments during the pandemic. "Everyone has things they can contribute," as Dhunna put it. "None of it is wrong, as long as you are aware of your social situation and willing to give your time and energy."
McKechnie pointed out that people are more engaged when they participate in social movements in a way that feels personally relevant to them – but that being shielded from the experiences of those placed in vulnerable situations doesn't excuse their inaction. He explained that the experience of wealthy people – before and during the pandemic – is one he simply cannot relate to. "I've spent my whole life losing, getting my ass kicked by capitalism," he explained. "I lost things over and over and over." For those in audience with privilege, McKechnie compelled them to think about what they have and what they're willing to give for a more just world.
McKechnie laid out the framework for this critical engagement: "We start within our community's workplaces, religious communities, queer communities, diaspora communities . […] We think that people are won over with logic and facts, more often they are won over by trust building relationships. We're talking about going to the people who trust you already and telling them things that make them uncomfortable and start a conversation that might not be pleasant. […] I need you to be in the spaces that you're in, actively engage, really moving us toward that. People have the power."
To learn more about of the campaigns and organizations advocating for the policies raised here, see this partial list:
ACORN Canada's active campaigns
Foodsters United's Hardship Fund for Vulnerable Couriers
Federation of Rental-housing Providers of Ontario's Landlords of Toronto list
Resource Movement's petition for wealth and inheritance taxes
Share My Cheque campaign for wealthy to redistribute money to those who need it more
The Leap's People's Bailout campaign
The Yellowhead Institute's Land Back Red Paper
15 & Fairness' campaign for labour reform
Resource Movement reiterates its call for a federal Wealth Tax
For immediate release (version française ci-dessous) In response to today's Opposition Motion in the House of Commons for a wealth tax, Dan Hoyer, Member of Resource Movement, made the following state
5 choses à connaître sur les impôts sur la fortune
5 Things You Should Know About Wealth Taxes
Resource Movement is a project on MakeWay's shared platform, a national charity that builds partnerships and solutions to help nature and communities thrive together.


text:
Obligación facultativa es en derecho, una especie de obligación de objeto múltiple que consiste en que el deudor debe a su acreedor una cosa determinada, pero se le faculta para pagar con otra cosa distinta, designada de antemano en el contrato.

Características
 El objeto debido es uno solo. Por consiguiente, el acreedor sólo puede exigir la única cosa debida. La doctrina dice que en el fondo es una obligación de objeto único para el acreedor y de simple objeto múltiple para el deudor.
 El deudor puede pagar con otro objeto, pues está facultado para ello.
 Al contratar debe estipularse expresamente la facultad para cumplir facultativamente la obligación, de lo contrario se entiende que hay una obligación alternativa.
 La elección siempre es sólo del deudor.

Efectos

Los efectos de esta clase de obligación son los mismos de una obligación de objeto único, ya que el objeto debido es uno solo.

 El acreedor únicamente puede exigir la cosa debida y no aquella con que se le facultó al deudor para pagar.
 Si la cosa debida es una cosa específica y esta se destruye por caso fortuito, la obligación del deudor se extingue, aunque subsista la cosa con que se le facultó para pagar. Al revés, si se destruye la facultad, no por ello se extingue la obligación del deudor. El único efecto que produce es que perderá la chance de pagar con la cosa con que se la facultó.
 Si la cosa debida es una cosa específica y esta se destruye por culpa del deudor, el acreedor puede demandar solamente el precio de la cosa debida más la indemnización de perjuicios, y no la otra cosa con que se le faculta al deudor para pagar.
 Si la cosa debida con que se le faculta al deudor para pagar se destruye por su culpa o dolo, el acreedor nada puede hacer contra el deudor.

Véase también

 Derecho de las obligaciones

Referencias

Bibliografía

Enlaces externos
 Obligaciones facultativas

Clases de obligaciones

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


But to return to the book: The setting is an alternate Earth where mastodons (thunder beasts) and saber-tooth tigers (saber cats) still roam the countryside. A catastrophe -- called the sundering -- has laid waste the entire planet except for a relatively small region where survivors of an English colony persist.
The "ancient university town" of Salthead is the stage where immortal Etruscan priests (lucumones), a prankster demi-god, and the quixotic mortal inhabitants act. What plot there is revolves around the efforts of Prof. Titus Tiggs and his allies to figure out why so many strange things are occurring such as errant drowned revenants, mastiffs mutating into hybrid man-beasts, and a blue flying man. The real enjoyment in reading the book is in the characters and atmosphere evoked by Barlough, from the malevolent town miser Josiah Tusk to the affable but socially inept Dr. Dampe to the uncompromising Miss Honeywood, proprietor of the Blue Pelican. In fact, the denoument is anticlimactic: The machinations of the "bad guys" are forestalled in a couple of paragraphs and the threat to Salthead averted.
Another point in the novel's favor is that it's completely self-contained. The second book in the series, The House in the High Wood is an entirely new story with an entirely new cast of characters.
In the end, I can only say that I enjoyed reading this novel and would recommend it.


text:
I am the son of a prominent book collector, Kenneth E. Hill, and grew up in a house filled with old books. After graduating from the University of Pennsylvania in 1974, I served a classic apprenticeship, working for four leading antiquarian booksellers in San Francisco, New York, Philadelphia, and Los Angeles. In 1978 I started my own company - Jonathan A. Hill, Bookseller, Inc. - and have specialized in science, medicine, natural history, bibliography and the history of book collecting, and early printed books. Over the years I have issued more than 230 catalogues devoted to these subjects. My wife, Megumi Kaneko Hill, and I work together in our business. Our older son, Timothy Yoshiro "Yoshi" Hill, a recent graduate of Hamilton College, joined our firm in May of 2016.
Some of our clients include The Library of Congress, Harvard University, The British Library, the Bibliotheque Nationale (Paris), the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, the National Diet Library (Japan), and many leading and well-known private collectors.
Many famous books have passed through our hands, including first editions of Aristotle, Copernicus, Vesalius, Harvey, Newton, Darwin, and Einstein. We also specialize in important manuscripts related to the history of science, technology, and medicine as well as illuminated manuscripts. We work closely with private collectors, museums, and libraries, selling them books from our stock, advising them on other acquisitions, performing appraisals, and representing them at auctions in America and throughout Europe.
For the past 20 years, we have also specialized in antiquarian Japanese, Chinese, and Korean illustrated books, manuscripts, and scrolls. Megumi, a graduate of Rikkyo University in Tokyo with a major in early Japanese literature, concentrates in this field.
We issue four to six printed catalogues a year and update our web-page with recent acquisitions on a weekly basis.
We are members of the Antiquarian Booksellers' Association of America (ABAA) and the International League of Antiquarian Booksellers (ILAB) and are pleased to adhere to their codes of ethics and practice.
Speech: Beware of Greeks Bearing Gifts: A Story of Stolen Books
Speech delivered at the Grolier Club, 5 March 2019: https://www.dropbox.com/s/rof3kyhadzytig0/Speech-It%20could%20happen%20to%20you.pdf?dl=0
Interview with Jonathan: Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9xmLtYuapSY&t=1185s
Interview with Megumi & Jonathan: Youtube: https://youtu.be/xSjeeBup4WE


Saturday, March 23, 2019 | 1:00 pm to 3:00 pm | Barrel Weekend in San Francisco – Meet Wattle Creek Winemaker Katie Carter, who will offer barrel samples from the promising 2018 vintage.
Saturday, June 8, 2019 | 6:00 pm to 9:00 pm | Winemaker Dinner – Join Wattle Creek Winery Winemaker, Katie Carter, for an exceptional culinary experience in San Francisco! Dinner will feature delightful dishes paired with the beautiful wines of Wattle Creek Winery.
Sundays in June 2019 | 11:00 am to 7:00 pm | Family Days at Wattle Creek – A unique pairing of Wattle Creek Winery wine with Ghirardelli Chocolate – Spend every Sunday in June with us and enjoy a selection of our wines perfectly paired with Ghirardelli Chocolate. Don't forget to bring the whole family, we have juice and chocolate pairings for the kids (and kids-at-heart) No reservation required.
Saturday, June 29, 2019 | New Wine Release – Celebrate with us as we unveil our latest vintage of our most premium and highly accoladed wines. Enjoy this exciting and diverse selection with delicious bites and stunning views overlooking the beautiful San Francisco Bay. RSVP required.
Sunday, October 13, 2019 | Member Pick Up Party – Visit our tasting room and taste through your wine club shipment before picking up your September wines. Enjoy food pairings, special offers and more! This is a member-exclusive event.
Saturday, December 7, 2019 | Holiday Open House – 'Tis the season to celebrate with good food and wine! In the spirit of giving, we are accepting donations for the Toys for Tots national toy drive. Bring an unwrapped new toy and receive an additional 10% savings on wine purchases. The more the merrier, bring your family and friends too! RSVP required.


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This stunning home certainly shows pride of ownership! Immaculately maintained! Main level features kitchen/dining area/great room creating open floor plan, along with a formal dining room & study. Wood floors throughout on main level. Granite kitchen counters w/sleek tile backsplash. Lovely, spacious Trex deck w/stamped concrete walkway off the kitchen is perfect for entertaining & features built-in hot tub, fenced-in yard with gorgeous landscaping. Upstairs has 4 bedrooms, 2 full baths. Master has 5-piece bath, walk-in closet, room darkening blinds. Basement roughed in & offers many options. In 2018 home received new roof, fresh exterior paint, & newly stained fence. This west-facing home has an abundance of natural light. Plenty of storage space. Walking distance to schools, parks, playground, & extensive trails. Riverdale Golf Course is right around the corner! Police & fire station minutes away. Near shopping/restaurants, etc. Top Golf opening nearby this summer! Truly a must-see!