One of 174 issues in the title: The Frontier Echo available on this site.
Robson, G. W. January 12, 1877.
This newspaper is part of the collection entitled: Texas Digital Newspaper Program and three others and was provided by The Dolph Briscoe Center for American History to The Portal to Texas History, a digital repository hosted by the UNT Libraries. It has been viewed 101 times . More information about this issue can be viewed below.
Masthead reads,"Let us see to it, that a Government of the people, by the people, and for the people, shall not Perish from the Earth."
Jack County (Tex.) -- Newspapers.
This weekly newspaper served the people of Jacksboro in Jack County. The Frontier Echo was published by G. W. Robson between 1875 and 1878. It features local, state, and national news along with some advertising.
The Jack County Newspaper Collection includes the Jacksboro Gazette and the Frontier Echo.
June 26, 2015, 3:22 p.m.
Robson, G. W. The Frontier Echo (Jacksboro, Tex.), Vol. 2, No. 27, Ed. 1 Friday, January 12, 1877, newspaper, January 12, 1877; Jacksboro, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth233829/: accessed April 21, 2019), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting The Dolph Briscoe Center for American History.


text:
PI 2186 The Fifth FlexLiner in Four Years
The Fifth FlexLiner in Four Years
Due to the unchecked growth of its leaflet business, Prospekt Versand Service GmbH (P.V.S.) is putting its fifth FlexLiner into operation. Starting in March, its facility in the Hungarian city of Sopron will have no fewer than eleven Muller Martini inserting systems in operation.
1.488 billion leaflets in 2014, 1.690 billion in 2015, 1.870 billion in 2016, 2.050 billion in 2017, 2.240 billion in 2018 – the number of leaflets published by P.V.S. for its customers in several European countries is only going in one direction – up. "Leaflets are popular because they are delivered free to homes, often remain in the home for several days, are usually read by several people and the various offers can easily be read and compared while having a cup of coffee – without the need to turn on an electronic device," explains P.V.S. managing director Erich Romano, describing the company's success model.
Erich Romano: "It made sense to rely on the FlexLiner again."
This is due not least to a modern production process with highly automated systems. Currently, ten Muller Martini inserting machines are in use in Sopron, located near the Austrian border: four FlexLiners, three BiLiners, two AlphaLiners and an Integro. The fifth FlexLiner since 2015 will be added in March. "The technology of our FlexLiners has really proven itself and I am completely satisfied with them. So it made sense to rely on this inserting model again," says Erich Romano, justifying his latest investment decision.
The newest FlexLiner has a gluing unit so it can affix cards to the leaflets when they are inserted – a process that is increasingly being requested by customers, according to the managing director. Until now, P.V.S. has attached the cards exclusively offline on special machines. This will continue to be the case, which is why the successful company has also installed a new offline gluing unit with a Robusto compensating stacker from Muller Martini in addition to its fifth FlexLiner. The leaflets produced on this machine will then be sent to FlexLiner lines 1 to 4.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Updating monitoring strategies and combining them with the latest technology can streamline clinical trial processes to generate higher quality data and increase patient safety, says Brett Wilson.
Traditional on-site monitoring has been trusted to provide a certain level of generalised quality control for subject safety and reliable data generation, alongside heavy reliance from source data verification. However, these methods can be inefficient and time consuming, too, and may not guarantee the highest quality data. They also typically place the same level of focus on all parts of a trial, rather than pinpointing the areas that may carry more risk to participant safety and data integrity. Not surprisingly, this has led to health authorities, and more recent draft changes to guideline ICH E6, recommending a shift to embedding quality management principles and risk-based monitoring (RBM).
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TransCelerate Biopharma, a non-profit organisation comprising some of the world's leading biopharmaceutical companies, has taken steps to help companies manage the new changes. The collaboration launched the TransCelerate RBM Initiative in 2012, one of five initial ventures aimed at driving effective solutions in the R&D industry. Its RBM methodology position paper – which is relevant to any type, phase and stage of a clinical trial – outlines how. By identifying critical data and processes at the protocol level prior to study start, potential risks and issues can be highlighted faster through both central and off-site monitoring techniques. These enable more targeted efforts with on-site monitoring.
To facilitate practical implementation considerations when considering RBM, TransCelerate has now moved beyond this position paper to provide useful tools and information to support companies that wish to scale up RBM. Terms such as source data verification (SDV) have been defined and new ones, like source data review (SDR), have been added. To better evaluate where the focus should be, TransCelerate also sponsored a study that looked into the value of SDV. This involved a retrospective analysis of SDV in more than 1,000 studies as well as separately assessing the cause in more than 1,300 major and critical audit findings. The conclusion was very supportive of moving away from reliance on SDV as a quality control measure to a RBM approach.
The venture has also published papers outlining how to put concepts such as central monitoring into operation, how to ensure better data integrity and detect serious data integrity issues, and explaining the technology needed to best support risk-based approaches. It has also updated the risk assessment and categorisation tool (RACT), based on feedback, and provided tips for how best to use it.
The first addresses questions that arise as the TransCelerate RBM methodology is implemented into clinical trial practice, particularly regarding SDV, SDR and RACT best practices. It also presents its qualitative performance metrics collected anonymously from member companies that have implemented RBM practices.
The second looks at the eight TransCelerate metrics that are collected on clinical studies implementing RBM.
Published papers also keep companies informed. Recent paper topics include member company observations and input on the technology elements needed to implement RBM efficiently; best practices to help identify issues and define expectations on the rates of issues affecting data quality, including fraud and misconduct: 'Detecting data quality issues in clinical trials: current practices and recommendations'; and one on central statistical monitoring: 'Statistical monitoring in clinical trials: best practices for detecting data anomalies suggestive of fabrication or misconduct'.
As drug development moves ahead in an increasingly digital environment, it is crucial that the industry has access to information on the adoption of risk-based monitoring best practices. This refinement of process, elimination of inefficiencies and movement towards centralised analytics will be invaluable to the entire clinical trial ecosystem – promoting patient safety, improving data quality and potentially lowering costs.
Brett Wilson is head of Monitoring Excellence at Bristol-Myers Squibb (BMS), and leads the TransCelerate RBM and eSource Initiatives.


This is the second mastitis handbook to offer practical advice to help control clinical mastitis. The aim is to give the reader a thorough understanding of the bacteria that cause clinical mastitis, how these enter the udder and how to prevent infections occurring. The key focus is on practical solutions and there is an in depth explanation of the milking routine, management of the environment, dry period infections and other factors that can influence clinical mastitis. The use of mastitis records to help quantify mastitis and also pinpoint possible causes are described in detail, as are the economic consequences. This book is filled with photographs, figures and diagrams to give a clear explanation of the key points.
This book is a follow-up to the first handbook on how to control somatic cell counts. The cell count book follows a similar format giving an in-depth understanding of what cell counts are and why they are important, the bacteria responsible for high cell counts and how a herd goes about reducing cell counts to target levels. The book covers how to stop the spread of infection and how to manage high cell count cows. Both books have top tip sections summarising the key points to successful mastitis management. Both books are intended for farmers, herdsman, vets and anyone else who has an interest in mastitis control.


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text:
All posts tagged "Uche Secondus"
PDP to file Petition at Election Tribunal Today
The Peoples Democratic Party (PDP), barring any sudden change in plans, will file its petition at the election Tribunal Abuja today. The party made this known...
Punch News: Atiku sets up Legal Team for Tribunal
The presidential candidate of Peoples Democratic Party (PDP), Atiku Abubakar, has set up a legal team as he heads to the tribunal to seek rerun of...
PDP rejects Presidential Election Results
The Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) has rejected the results of the February 23rd Presidential and National Assembly elections, describing the figures being announced by INEC as...
APC, PDP condemn INEC's Postponement of Elections
The two leading political parties in Nigeria have condemned the postponement of the 2019 general elections by INEC. Festus Keyamo, the spokesperson for the APC Presidential...
The Cable News: Niger Republic Governors in Kano did not Violate any Law – INEC
The Cable reports that the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) has said no law was violated by the All Progressives Congress (APC) hosting governors from Niger...
News1 year ago
Reuben Abati named as PDP's Ogun State Deputy-Governorship Candidate
Journalist and former Special Adviser on Media and Publicity to the President, Reuben Abati has been named as the running mate of Leke Shittu, the People's Democratic Party...
Bukola Saraki named DG of Atiku Presidential Campaign Council
The People's Democratic Party (PDP) has named the Senate President Bukola Saraki as the Director-General of the Atiku Abubakar 2019 presidential campaign council. The party's chairman Uche Secondus shared the news on...
Atiku, Buhari, meet Archbishop of Canterbury Justin Welby
Archbishop of Canterbury, Justin Welby is in Nigeria, and on Saturday, he met with President Muhammadu Buhari and PDP presidential candidate Atiku Abubakar separately in Abuja....
Aregbesola indirectly calls PDP Leaders Mentally Unstable for Protesting | WATCH
Outgoing governor of Osun State Rauf Aregbesola has reacted to the protest by PDP officials on Friday, against the result of last month's gubernatorial election in...
Police releases statement on PDP Protest, invites Saraki, Melaye & Murray-Bruce
The Nigerian Police Force has invited Senators Bukola Saraki (Senate President), Dino Melaye, and Ben Murray-Bruce for "the disturbance of public peace and public safety, unlawful...
Ben Bruce not running for Senator in 2019
Senator representing Bayelsa East Senatorial District, Ben Bruce, has decided not to run for a second term as senator. According to The Cable, Ben Bruce revealed this in...
Obasanjo and PDP have "resolved to join forces to rescue Nigeria," Party says
Former President Olusegun Obasanjo and his former party People's Democratic Party (PDP) have joined forces. The PDP shared the news on their Twitter, revealing that the leadership of...
Looters List: Uche Secondus sues Lai Mohammed for ₦1.5 Billion
Uche Secondus, the National Chairman of the People's Democratic Party (PDP), has sued the Minister of Information Lai Mohammed for ₦1.5 billion, Premium Times reports. Secondus is suing Mohammed...
FG lists Names of Looters, PDP Kicks
The People's Democratic Party (PDP) has dismissed as hollow and laughable the list of looters released by the Federal Government, Punch reports. Minister of Information, Lai Mohammed, had on...
Don't just apologise, return looted funds – Lai Mohammed to PDP
Minister of Information and Culture Lai Mohammed has responded to the People's Democratic Party (PDP)'s apology to Nigerians, The Cable reports. Chairman of the PDP, Uche Secondus, had apologised...
PDP apologises to Nigerians, says "We admit that we have made several mistakes"
Former ruling party People's Democratic Party (PDP) has apologised to Nigerians for "past mistakes," Punch reports. At a national discourse on "Contemporary Governance in Nigeria," the party's national...
PDP says abduction & release of #DapchiGirls is "a scam of no equal dimension"
Opposition party People's Democratic Party has described the abduction and subsequent release of the Dapchi Girls as a scam, Punch reports. 110 girls had been abducted from...
"I see a country where women participate in the highest level of politics, since we have failed as men" – PDP Chairman Uche Secondus
National Chairman for the People's Democratic Party (PDP), Uche Secondus, has said Nigeria will one day have a woman president, The Cable reports. Seconds said he sees a future...
#PDPConvention2017: Uche Secondus emerges as PDP National Chairman
Former acting National Chairman of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP), Uche Secondus, has been elected as the National Chairman of the party. Secondus garnered 2,000 of...
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text:
Bebop Exchange
Google Cal	iCal
Free and open to the public!
Bebop, a style of jazz developed in the early to mid-1940s in the United States, features songs characterized by a fast tempo, complex chord progressions with rapid chord changes and numerous changes of key, instrumental virtuosity, and improvisation based on a combination of harmonic structure, the use of scales and occasional references to the melody. Some of Chicago's bebop masters hit the stage with this edition of the series. Scheduled musicians include Chicago Tribune's 2018 Chicagoan of the Year, saxophonist Ari Brown; guitarist George Freeman; Isaiah Collier (saxophone); bassist Jeremiah Hunt; and Jeremiah Collier on drums.
From left to right: Ari Brown; George Freeman; Isaiah Collier; Jeremiah Hunt; Jeremiah Collier
About Water Colors
A live jazz music series presented in partnership with the Jazz Institute of Chicago at the Lake Stage in Polk Bros Park. This series celebrates the 100 years of jazz in Chicago with performers paying tribute to the range of eras and movements of Chicago jazz.
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text:
#ifdef USE_LTTNG
#undef TRACEPOINT_PROVIDER
#define TRACEPOINT_PROVIDER org_erlang_otp

#undef TRACEPOINT_INCLUDE
#define TRACEPOINT_INCLUDE "erlang_lttng.h"

#if !defined(__ERLANG_LTTNG_H__) || defined(TRACEPOINT_HEADER_MULTI_READ)
#define __ERLANG_LTTNG_H__

#include <lttng/tracepoint.h>

/* Schedulers */

TRACEPOINT_EVENT(
    org_erlang_otp,
    scheduler_poll,
    TP_ARGS(
        int, id,
        int, runnable
    ),
    TP_FIELDS(
        ctf_integer(int, scheduler, id)
        ctf_integer(int, runnable, runnable)
    )
)

#ifndef LTTNG_CARRIER_STATS
#define LTTNG_CARRIER_STATS
typedef struct {
    unsigned long no;
    unsigned long size;
} lttng_stat_values_t;

typedef struct {
    lttng_stat_values_t carriers;
    lttng_stat_values_t blocks;
} lttng_carrier_stats_t;
#endif

/* Port and Driver Scheduling */

TRACEPOINT_EVENT(
    org_erlang_otp,
    driver_start,
    TP_ARGS(
        char*, pid,
        char*, driver,
        char*, port
    ),
    TP_FIELDS(
        ctf_string(pid, pid)
        ctf_string(driver, driver)
        ctf_string(port, port)
    )
)

TRACEPOINT_EVENT(
    org_erlang_otp,
    driver_init,
    TP_ARGS(
        char*, driver,
        int, major,
        int, minor,
        int, flags
    ),
    TP_FIELDS(
        ctf_string(driver, driver)
        ctf_integer(int, major, major)
        ctf_integer(int, minor, minor)
        ctf_integer(int, flags, flags)
    )
)

TRACEPOINT_EVENT(
    org_erlang_otp,
    driver_outputv,
    TP_ARGS(
        char*, pid,
        char*, port,
        char*, driver,
        size_t, bytes
    ),
    TP_FIELDS(
        ctf_string(pid, pid)
        ctf_string(port, port)
        ctf_string(driver, driver)
        ctf_integer(size_t, bytes, bytes)
    )
)

TRACEPOINT_EVENT(
    org_erlang_otp,
    driver_output,
    TP_ARGS(
        char*, pid,
        char*, port,
        char*, driver,
        size_t, bytes
    ),
    TP_FIELDS(
        ctf_string(pid, pid)
        ctf_string(port, port)
        ctf_string(driver, driver)
        ctf_integer(size_t, bytes, bytes)
    )
)

TRACEPOINT_EVENT(
    org_erlang_otp,
    driver_ready_input,
    TP_ARGS(
        char*, pid,
        char*, port,
        char*, driver
    ),
    TP_FIELDS(
        ctf_string(pid, pid)
        ctf_string(port, port)
        ctf_string(driver, driver)
    )
)

TRACEPOINT_EVENT(
    org_erlang_otp,
    driver_ready_output,
    TP_ARGS(
        char*, pid,
        char*, port,
        char*, driver
    ),
    TP_FIELDS(
        ctf_string(pid, pid)
        ctf_string(port, port)
        ctf_string(driver, driver)
    )
)

TRACEPOINT_EVENT(
    org_erlang_otp,
    driver_timeout,
    TP_ARGS(
        char*, pid,
        char*, port,
        char*, driver
    ),
    TP_FIELDS(
        ctf_string(pid, pid)
        ctf_string(port, port)
        ctf_string(driver, driver)
    )
)

TRACEPOINT_EVENT(
    org_erlang_otp,
    driver_stop_select,
    TP_ARGS(
        char*, driver
    ),
    TP_FIELDS(
        ctf_string(driver, driver)
    )
)

TRACEPOINT_EVENT(
    org_erlang_otp,
    driver_flush,
    TP_ARGS(
        char*, pid,
        char*, port,
        char*, driver
    ),
    TP_FIELDS(
        ctf_string(pid, pid)
        ctf_string(port, port)
        ctf_string(driver, driver)
    )
)

TRACEPOINT_EVENT(
    org_erlang_otp,
    driver_stop,
    TP_ARGS(
        char*, pid,
        char*, port,
        char*, driver
    ),
    TP_FIELDS(
        ctf_string(pid, pid)
        ctf_string(port, port)
        ctf_string(driver, driver)
    )
)

TRACEPOINT_EVENT(
    org_erlang_otp,
    driver_process_exit,
    TP_ARGS(
        char*, pid,
        char*, port,
        char*, driver
    ),
    TP_FIELDS(
        ctf_string(pid, pid)
        ctf_string(port, port)
        ctf_string(driver, driver)
    )
)

TRACEPOINT_EVENT(
    org_erlang_otp,
    driver_ready_async,
    TP_ARGS(
        char*, pid,
        char*, port,
        char*, driver
    ),
    TP_FIELDS(
        ctf_string(pid, pid)
        ctf_string(port, port)
        ctf_string(driver, driver)
    )
)

TRACEPOINT_EVENT(
    org_erlang_otp,
    driver_finish,
    TP_ARGS(
        char*, driver
    ),
    TP_FIELDS(
        ctf_string(driver, driver)
    )
)

TRACEPOINT_EVENT(
    org_erlang_otp,
    driver_call,
    TP_ARGS(
        char*, pid,
        char*, port,
        char*, driver,
        unsigned int, command,
        size_t, bytes
    ),
    TP_FIELDS(
        ctf_string(pid, pid)
        ctf_string(port, port)
        ctf_string(driver, driver)
        ctf_integer(unsigned int, command, command)
        ctf_integer(size_t, bytes, bytes)
    )
)

TRACEPOINT_EVENT(
    org_erlang_otp,
    driver_control,
    TP_ARGS(
        char*, pid,
        char*, port,
        char*, driver,
        unsigned int, command,
        size_t, bytes
    ),
    TP_FIELDS(
        ctf_string(pid, pid)
        ctf_string(port, port)
        ctf_string(driver, driver)
        ctf_integer(unsigned int, command, command)
        ctf_integer(size_t, bytes, bytes)
    )
)

/* Async pool */

TRACEPOINT_EVENT(
    org_erlang_otp,
    aio_pool_get,
    TP_ARGS(
        char*, port,
        int, length
    ),
    TP_FIELDS(
        ctf_string(port, port)
        ctf_integer(int, length, length)
    )
)

TRACEPOINT_EVENT(
    org_erlang_otp,
    aio_pool_put,
    TP_ARGS(
        char*, port,
        int, length
    ),
    TP_FIELDS(
        ctf_string(port, port)
        ctf_integer(int, length, length)
    )
)

/* Memory Allocator */

TRACEPOINT_EVENT(
    org_erlang_otp,
    carrier_create,
    TP_ARGS(
        const char*, type,
        int, instance,
        unsigned long, size,
        lttng_carrier_stats_t *, mbcs,
        lttng_carrier_stats_t *, sbcs
    ),
    TP_FIELDS(
        ctf_string(type, type)
        ctf_integer(int, instance, instance)
        ctf_integer(unsigned long, size, size)
        ctf_integer(unsigned long, mbc_carriers, mbcs->carriers.no)
        ctf_integer(unsigned long, mbc_carriers_size, mbcs->carriers.size)
        ctf_integer(unsigned long, mbc_blocks, mbcs->blocks.no)
        ctf_integer(unsigned long, mbc_blocks_size, mbcs->blocks.size)
        ctf_integer(unsigned long, sbc_carriers, sbcs->carriers.no)
        ctf_integer(unsigned long, sbc_carriers_size, sbcs->carriers.size)
        ctf_integer(unsigned long, sbc_blocks, sbcs->blocks.no)
        ctf_integer(unsigned long, sbc_blocks_size, sbcs->blocks.size)
    )
)

TRACEPOINT_EVENT(
    org_erlang_otp,
    carrier_destroy,
    TP_ARGS(
        const char*, type,
        int, instance,
        unsigned long, size,
        lttng_carrier_stats_t *, mbcs,
        lttng_carrier_stats_t *, sbcs
    ),
    TP_FIELDS(
        ctf_string(type, type)
        ctf_integer(int, instance, instance)
        ctf_integer(unsigned long, size, size)
        ctf_integer(unsigned long, mbc_carriers, mbcs->carriers.no)
        ctf_integer(unsigned long, mbc_carriers_size, mbcs->carriers.size)
        ctf_integer(unsigned long, mbc_blocks, mbcs->blocks.no)
        ctf_integer(unsigned long, mbc_blocks_size, mbcs->blocks.size)
        ctf_integer(unsigned long, sbc_carriers, sbcs->carriers.no)
        ctf_integer(unsigned long, sbc_carriers_size, sbcs->carriers.size)
        ctf_integer(unsigned long, sbc_blocks, sbcs->blocks.no)
        ctf_integer(unsigned long, sbc_blocks_size, sbcs->blocks.size)
    )
)

TRACEPOINT_EVENT(
    org_erlang_otp,
    carrier_pool_put,
    TP_ARGS(
        const char*, name,
        int, instance,
        unsigned long, size
    ),
    TP_FIELDS(
        ctf_string(type, name)
        ctf_integer(int, instance, instance)
        ctf_integer(unsigned long, size, size)
    )
)

TRACEPOINT_EVENT(
    org_erlang_otp,
    carrier_pool_get,
    TP_ARGS(
        const char*, name,
        int, instance,
        unsigned long, size
    ),
    TP_FIELDS(
        ctf_string(type, name)
        ctf_integer(int, instance, instance)
        ctf_integer(unsigned long, size, size)
    )
)

#endif /* __ERLANG_LTTNG_H__ */
#include <lttng/tracepoint-event.h>
#endif /* USE_LTTNG */

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Lietuvos Rytas reunites with guard Blums
Jun 30, 2012 by Euroleague.net Print
Lietuvos Rytas turned to former player Janis Blums to bring scoring ability and experience to its backcourt by signing the veteran guard for the coming season. The sides agreed to terms on a contract for two seasons. Blums (1.90 meters, 30 years old) helped Rytas to the Eurocup title game and a Baltic League title when he played for the club in 2006-07. He arrives from Gescrap Bilbao, where Blums has spent the past four seasons. Last season Blums averaged 6 points in 17 Turkish Airlines Euroleague games in reaching the playoffs in his and the team's first season in Europe's premier competition. He was also worth 5.7 points per game in the Spanish League. During his time with Bilbao, Blums helped the Men in Black reach back to back Eurocup semifinals in 2009 and 2010. He had played in five difference countries before finding a home in Bilbao. Blums started his career in 2000 with Broceni and then Skonto in his native Latvia. He left for Poland one season with Anwil Wloclawek, then returned to Latvia for two more seasons for Ventspils, where he made his Eurocup debut. His next stop was Rytas and then Napoli of Italy, before he joined Bilbao in 2008.
Profile: Janis Blums, Panathinaikos Athens
He was almost 30 years old before he first reached the Turkish Airlines Euroleague, but after hooking up late this preseason with Panathinaikos Athens, point guard Janis Blums...
Panathinaikos, Blums agree on extension
Panathinaikos Athens officially announced on Thursday a contract extension with veteran guard Janis Blums until the end of the 2015-16 season, with a club option to terminate...
Panathinaikos strengthens backcourt with Blums
Greek champion Panathinaikos Athens added depth to its backcourt by announcing the signing of veteran combo-guard Janis Blums to a two-month contract on Thursday. Blums...


text:
2016 Defence White Paper
Published on February 25, 2016 by CMDR Chloe Wootten (author), Mrs Lauren Larking (photographer)
Minister for Defence the Hon Marise Payne, MP, speaking at the launch of the 2016 Defence White Paper at the Australian Defence Force Academy (ADFA) in Canberra.
The 2016 Defence White Paper was released today by Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull and Defence Minister Marise Payne at the Australian Defence Force Academy in Canberra.
HMAS Rankin dives into life in Cobar
Published on February 24, 2016 by LCDR Alistair Tomlinson (author)
Crew members from HMAS Rankin during their Freedom of Entry visit to the town of Cobar.
Fifteen members of the ship's company of submarine, HMAS Rankin, recently exercised Freedom of Entry in Cobar, the birthplace of Lieutenant Commander Robert William Rankin, after who the submarine is named.
Navy commemorates the bombing of Darwin
Published on February 20, 2016 by LEUT Des Paroz (author)
Commemorations in Darwin yesterday, 74 years since the largest single attack by a foreign power on Australian soil.
Navy personnel and a patrol boat have taken part in Australian Defence Force commemorations in Darwin to mark 74 years since the largest single attack by a foreign power on Australian soil.
Defence's spotlight role in Royal Edinburgh Military Tattoo
Published on February 15, 2016 by Department of Defence (author), LSIS Nina Fogliani (photographer)
Members of the Combined Military Bands of the Australian Defence Force during the 2016 Royal Edinburgh Military Tattoo in Melbourne.
The Australian Defence Force showcased its Combined Military Bands, Australia's Federation Guard, and for the first time, the Pipes and Drums of the Australian Defence Force contingent during performances at the 2016 Royal Edinburgh Military Tattoo at Etihad Stadium last weekend.
Stuart leads Royal Hobart Regatta celebrations
Published on February 13, 2016 by LEUT Adam Grover and LEUT John Cole (author)
Commanding Officer HMAS Stuart, Commander Simon Howard, Commander Dugald Clelland, and Lieutenant James Brandreth on the bridge wing while coming alongside in Hobart, Tasmania.
Bagpipes, cheers and applause greeted the visit of HMAS Stuart to Hobart last week for the ship's duties as Flagship for the Royal Hobart Regatta.
Australian flavour for Royal Edinburgh Military Tattoo
Published on February 11, 2016 by SGT Dave Morley (author), LCPL Sebastian Beurich (author), ABIS Tom Gibson (photographer)
The combined military bands of the ADF will perform music crafted for the Royal Edinburgh Military Tattoo by Leading Seaman Musician Martyn Hancock, in addition to some of Australia's most iconic melodies.
More than 250 members of Australia's Defence Forces are in Melbourne preparing for the Royal Edinburgh Military Tattoo, due to be held later this week.
Countries urged to work together for security at sea
Published on February 08, 2016 by LEUT John Cole (author)
Australia was represented at the International Fleet Review by HMAS Darwin, in company with 75 warships from 24 countries.
A message of international cooperation has been a feature of the International Fleet Review in India, with Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi calling on countries to continue to work together to secure maritime stability.
Spirit on show for Indonesian visit
Published on February 06, 2016 by LCDR Jason O'Gorman (author), ABIS Sarah Ebsworth (photographer)
Able Seaman Boatswains Mate Glenn Ritchie during HMAS Darwin's Indigenous Dance Group performance for guests during an event in Jakarta, Indonesia.
The Australian Navy continues to build relationship in the Pacific, with a team of Indigenous dancers providing a highlight of a recent port visit to Indonesia.
Navy remembers lives lost in Shark 02 off Nias
Crew on HMAS Darwin paused to remember Australian Defence Force members who perished on Shark 02 which crashed on the island of Nias, south of Sumatra in 2005.
The Navy family has again paused to remember nine Air Force and Navy personnel who lost their lives when helicopter Shark 02 crashed during humanitarian relief operations on the island of Nias, south of Sumatra in 2005.
Regional partners exercise in Bay of Bengal
Published on February 04, 2016 by LCDR Jason O'Gorman (author), ABIS Sarah Ebsworth (author)
HMAS Darwin exercises with International Warships Kri Usman Harun (Indonesia), KD Lekir (Malaysia) en route to the International Fleet Review.
The Royal Australian Navy has prepared for its role in the 2016 International Fleet Review (IFR) with HMAS Darwin sailing in company in the Bay of Bengal.


text:
Benjamin Haas
Office: 1500 IGB
Email: bhaas901@illinois.edu
Realizing Increased Photosynthetic Efficiency (RIPE)
Master of Science in Biotechnology
Marshall Plan Scholarship recipient: master thesis work at the Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology (2016-2019)
Bachelor of Science in Food Science and Biotechnology
University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, AT (2011-2016)
Research Assistant, adviser: Stephen Long, "Investigating cis-regulatory elements of key factors influencing non-photochemical quenching," University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA (2018- )
Research Assistant, adviser: Michael Nodine, "Genome editing (CRISPR-Cas9) of lncRNA-loci expressed during Arabidopsis thaliana embryonal development," Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Vienna, AT (2016-2018)
Internship, adviser: Margit Laimer, "Conducted bioassays of selected Jatropha curcas and Cornus mas cultivars for genome and proteome analysis." University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, AT (2015)
Internship, adviser: Alisa Huffaker, "Assisted in basic research on signal transduction mechanisms regulating plant responses to herbivores," Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, Gainesville, FL, USA (2012)


text:
Lan Guo
Associate Professor; Grant Thornton Fellow in Accounting
Biography / Academic Background
PhD (Washington State University).
Lan Guo joined Laurier in the year 2008. Her research interests include performance measurement, incentive designs and other behavioral topics in management accounting. In her research, she uses both experimental and survey methods. She has taught management accounting, data analytics and accounting information systems to undergraduate students and co-taught PhD seminars. Prior to her academic career, she worked as an accountant in China Securities Depository & Clearing Corp. (Shanghai) and Construction Bank of China (Shanghai). She is a CPA, CMA and CGA.
Papers in Refereed Journals
Berger, L., L. Guo, and T. King. Forthcoming. Selfish Sharing? The Impact of the Sharing Economy on Tax Reporting Honesty. Journal of Business Ethics.
Guo, L., T. Libby, X. K. Liu and Y Tian. Forthcoming. Vertical pay dispersion, peer observability, and misreporting in a participative budgeting setting. Contemporary Accounting Research.
Guo, L., T. Libby, B. Wong-On-Wing and D. Yang. 2019. Strategy evaluation when using a strategic performance measurement system: An examination of motivational and cognitive biases. Advances in Accounting Behavioral Research 21: 97-126.
Guo, L., T. Libby and X. K. Liu. 2017. The effects of vertical pay dispersion: Experimental evidence in a budget setting, Contemporary Accounting Research, 34(1): 555-576.
Bendoly, E., L. Guo, Y. Hu and J. Tobias. 2017. Organizational antecedents and operational outcomes of production-sales bilateral information exchange. International Journal of Operations and Production Management 37 (8): 1031-1053. The paper won IJOPM's 2017 Outstanding Paper Award.
Zheng, P., C. Ren and L. Guo. 2017. Social responsibility information disclosure, media report and individual investors' investment decisions, Business Management Journal (China), 556 (4): 37-50.
Guo, L., D. Stone, S. Bryant, B. Wier, A. Nikitkov, C. Ren, E. Riccio, M. Shen, S. Trabelsi, L. Zhang. 2013. Are consumers' financial needs and values common across cultures? Evidence from six countries. International Journal of Consumer Studies 37 (6): 675-688.
Guo, L., B. Wong-On-Wing, and G. Lui. 2013. Input-based performance evaluation, incentive intensity, and proactive work behavior. Advances in Management Accounting 22: 185-223.
Guo, L., B. Wong-On-Wing, and G. Lui. 2012. Motivational effects of linking incentives to different measures in strategic performance measurement systems: Implications for proactive strategic behavior. Advances in Management Accounting 20: 209-240.
Wong-On-Wing, B., L. Guo, and G. Lui. 2010. Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation for participative budgeting: Antecedents and consequences. Behavioral Research in Accounting 22(2): 133-153.
Wong-On-Wing, B., L. Guo, W. Li, and D. Yang. 2007. Reducing conflict in balanced scorecard evaluations. Accounting, Organizations, and Society 32(4-5): 363-377.
Chapters in Books
Farrar, J. and L. Guo. 2018. Structural equation modeling in Behavioral Accounting Research. In Routledge Companion to Behavioral Accounting Research, edited by T. Libby and L. Thorne, pp. 388-399.
Shi, C. V., and L. Guo. 2012. Profit target setting for multiple divisions: A newsvendor perspective. In Handbook of Newsvendor Problems (pp. 341-359). Springer New York.
E: laguo@wlu.ca
Office location: LH2027
Office hours: By Appointment.


REALTOR®, GRI, ABR, CRS, CSP, SRES, SFR, MRP, your Woodbridge Real Estate agent can help you find your perfect home. Learn about Woodbridge neighborhoods, Woodbridge suburbs, and the best places to live in Woodbridge.
My web site is intended to supply you with the most recent Real Estate market information for Woodbridge Real Estate, Lorton Real Estate, Springfield Real Estate, Annandale Real Estate, Alexandria Real Estate, Dumfries Real Estate and the surrounding areas.
As a current resident in Woodbridge, VIRGINIA I am fully aware of the current market trends and what it takes to get a great deal on a listing or get top dollar for your current home. When it comes to getting the job done right, you can count on me.
I have a lot of connections within the Woodbridge area. Please don't hesitate to call and ask me any questions you might have. This process is all about you and your needs. Real Estate is a big investment and I understand that. One thing you will get with me is a personal relationship, In the end, that goes a long way.


Girl Up North: Why have you got spots?
If you've read my blog for a while then you'll know that I've been battling with acne for a number of years, only now does it seem to have given me a bit of a break. I still get the odd one or two but they're far more manageable than they ever have been. I have always asked myself why on earth I still have spots when I'm twenty-odd, and after much research I have come up with a few reasons as to why you might still have spots later in life... I'm no skincare expert but trust me I'm an expert at having spots.


text:
Home » Manipur
Manipur, located in a lush green corner of North East India, is an oval shaped valley surrounded by nine ranges of bluish green hills intertwined with cascading rapids, carpets of flowers and lazy lakes. A little paradise on Earth with her rich cultural heritage and sublime natural beauty, Manipur promises to be a favourite new Tourism Destination. The people and tribes of Manipur include Meiteis, Nagas, KukiChinMizo groups, Gorkhas, MeiteiPangals and many other colourful communities who have coexisted in complete harmony for centuries. These are people whose folklore, myths and legends, dances, indigenous games and martial arts, exotic handlooms, handicrafts and fine arts are invested with the mystique of nature.
Manipur is a mosaic of ancient traditions and rich cultural patterns. In the field of arts and culture, the State is best represented by its classical and folk dance forms. Raas Leelas depict the Leelas of Lord Krishna as a child with Gopies of Brindavan and express their yearning for communion with the Lord. The Raas Dance is perfectly lyrical and has extremely graceful movements. The spring festival, the "LaiHaraoba" held in April – May is symbolized by a traditional stylized and ritualistic dance performed for peace and prosperity. The tribal folk dances are an expression of nature, creativity and aestheticism of the tribal way of life. One can be charmed by the colourful costumes, dances and unique rituals in festivals such as LuiNgaiNi (seed sowing festival of the Nagas of Manipur) and Kut, the largest festival of KukiChinMizo communities.
Population: (2011): 2,388,634
Literacy: 68.87%
Official language: Manipuri
Religion: Vaishnavite Hindu
Flora and Fauna: Blessed with an amazing variety of flora and fauna, over two–thirds of the geographical areas of Manipur are hill tract covered with lush green forests. In addition to vast tracts of bamboo forests, Manipur also has alpine forests dotted with pines, grasslands and meadows at Dzuko. Some of the most beautiful and precious blooms of Siroi and other colourful orchids abound in their natural habitat in these forests. About 500 varieties of orchids grow in Manipur out of which 472 have been identified. The Hoolock Gibbon, Slow Loris, spotted Linshang, Mrs. Hume's Barbacked pheasant, Blyth's Tragopan and Hornbills form only a part of the rich natural heritage of Manipur. Humes Bartailed Pheasant, locally called Nongin, is the State bird of Manipur.
Weather & Rainfall
Manipur enjoys a sub-tropical monsoon climate. It belongs to the temperate rainy climate region with dry winters and warm summers. Temperature in the summer months ranges between 25°C and 32°C. Rainfall is relatively abundant and widespread, varying from a maximum of 258.9 cm at Jiribam to only 97 cms at Wanghal. December to February is winter, March to May is hot and humid, the monsoon (rainy season) starts in May and lasts up to September.
Manipur Tourist Spot
Khwairamband Bazaar
Manipur, Imphal West
Andro Imphal
Manipur, Imphal East
Bir Tirkendrajit Park
Kra Daadi
Upper Dibang Valley


This big horned LLL Matt Dillon daughter comes to us from Rocking O Longhorns. Her dam is an 85+" TTT Sittin Bull daughter. Sugar N Spice measured 74.75" as a four year old. Her pedigree is stacked with horn. We have her exposed to King Cowboy.


text:
Q: Disable bold font in 'top' command I want to have a custom 'watch' command that also includes the output of a single round of top -n 1, but the escape characters do not translate well. Is there a way to disable the bold font of the top command in Ubuntu?

A: Use -b ("Batch-mode operation"):
top -b -n1

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Adding one image on top of another in Processing? Is there a function in Processsing that I can use to add and overlay an image onto another image?
So for example, I could have loaded 2 images into 2 separate PImage like so:
PImage image1 = loadImage("imagefile1.jpg");
PImage image2 = loadImage(imagefile2.jpg");

Now, how do I add image2 into image1 so that image2 appears to be on top of image1, and then save the whole edited image1 as a new image?

A: Sure there is! Just copy:
image1.copy(image2, 0, 0, image2.width, image2.height, 0, 0, image2.width, image2.height);
image1.save("copied.jpg");

or if you want to blend them...
image1.blend(image2, 0, 0, image2.width, image2.height, 0, 0, image2.width, image2.height, ADD);
image1.save("blended.jpg");


text:
WATCH: New Red Dead Redemption 2 Gameplay Trailer...
Red Dead Redemption 2 Just Had The Biggest Opening...
Red Dead Redemption 2 Will Contain The Entire Map...
Rockstar Won't Hire Famous Actors For Its Games...
Someone Has Already Figured Out Who The Stars Of 'Red Dead Redemption 2' Are
Nick Steinberg (@Nick_Steinberg)
Source: Rockstar Games
Red Dead Redemption 2 Story Campaign Length Revealed
Rockstar officially announced yesterday that a sequel to the critically-acclaimed Western game Red Dead Redemption will arrive in fall 2017 and naturally, fans have been speculating about what a new Red Dead might look/play like. One of the biggest questions on everyone's mind is whether or not RDR 2 will be set after the events of the previous game or be a completely separate narrative with new characters. Well, if one particularly observant Reddit user is correct in their findings, Red Dead Redemption 2 has 'prequel' written all over it.
Redditor BlueSaber80 has claimed to figure out who the protagonists of RDR 2 are and it turns out that the answer was hiding in plain sight all along.
Via: BlueSaber80
That's a zoomed in look at Rockstar's announcement poster, which features a group of seven cowboys. As BlueSaber80 points out, three of these men bear striking resemblances to characters from the original Red Dead Redemption: protagonist John Marston and his former bandit buddies-turned-enemies Dutch and Bill. This would suggest that the sequel will take place during Marston's outlaw days when he was running with his old gang, with the ability to switch between characters on the fly like in Grand Theft Auto V.
We'll have to wait for Thursday when Rockstar releases the game's first trailer to know for sure, but considering designing the game as a prequel is pretty much the only way Rockstar would be able to bring John Marson back as a playable character at this point, this theory certainly is compelling.
(Via: Uproxx)
10 Things We Want From 'Red Dead Redemption 2'
WATCH: New Red Dead Redemption 2 Gameplay Trailer Looks Awesome
Red Dead Redemption 2 Just Had The Biggest Opening Weekend In Entertainment History
Red Dead Redemption 2 Will Contain The Entire Map From The First Game


text:
A Look at Michelle T. Williams in Broadway's Once On This Island
Photos A Look at Michelle T. Williams in Broadway's Once On This Island
By Marc J. Franklin
The Destiny's Child singer stepped into the Tony Award-winning revival as Erzulie November 30.
Michelle T. Williams Joan Marcus
Grammy Award-winning Destiny's Child singer Michelle T. Williams returned to Broadway beginning November 30 in the Tony-winning revival of Once On This Island at Circle in the Square.
Williams steps into the role of Erzulie, succeeding Darlesia Cearcy through the end of the musical's run, which was recently announced as January 6, 2019.
Williams made her Broadway debut in the title role of Aida. She went on to appear in The Color Purple, where she portrayed blues singer Shug Avery, starred as Roxie Hart in the Broadway and West End productions of Chicago, the play What My Husband Doesn't Know, a national tour of the musical Fela! in 2013, and a 2016 production of Aida at The Muny.
The new immersive production of Once On This Island, which was re-imagined by Tony-nominated director Michael Arden, officially opened December 3, 2017. The musical features a book and lyrics by Lynn Ahrens and music by Stephen Flaherty; Camille A. Brown is choreographer, Chris Fenwick is music supervisor, and Alvin Hough Jr. is music director.
Flip through photos of Williams' return to Broadway below:
Photos: Michelle T. Williams Returns to Broadway in Once On This Island
Cast Marc J. Franklin
Michelle T. Williams Marc J. Franklin
Camille A. Brown Is an Unstoppable New Voice in Broadway Dance—Here's Why
How the choreographic chameleon brings authenticity and excitement to Once On This Island, Jesus Christ Superstar Live in Concert, Choir Boy, and more.
Grosses Analysis: Broadway's Once On This Island Concludes Story on a High Note
The Tony-winning musical was one of four shows to end its Broadway run January 6.
Tony-Winning Once On This Island Revival Ends Broadway Run January 6
The Stephen Flaherty and Lynn Ahrens musical opened in December 2017 at the Circle in the Square Theatre.
Tony Winner Lea Salonga Returns to Broadway's Once On This Island December 27
The Tony-winning revival will continue through January 6, 2019, at Circle in the Square Theatre.
5 Standout Theatre Albums of 2018
By Adam Hetrick | 12/14/2018
A diverse range of artists and styles grabbed our attention this year.
Holiday Coverage
Broadway Stars Share Their Favorite Holiday Recipes—So You Can Make Your Table Look Like Theirs
Actors from Dear Evan Hansen, Once On This Island, and more share the secret family recipes they cook each holiday season.
Jesus Christ Superstar Live in Concert, The Band's Visit, and More Cast Albums Receive 2019 Grammy Award Nominations
The 61st annual ceremony will be held February 10, 2019.
Once On This Island Star Hailey Kilgore Lands Role on NBC's The Village
The Tony nominee has a recurring role in the Mike Daniels ensemble drama.


Great stuff! Can't wait to see it when it's all finished. Will be awesome!
Both LED and 'plasma' meters CAN be fast it depends on the drive circuitry and how it is designed to treat transients. Meters which are 'hung over' from the 'analogue tape' age were intentionally 'slow' to mimic a VU meter response. The issues are not 'technical' as such but to define a useful and REPEATABLE characteristic that differing engineers can instantly work with. With the advent of digital recording and it's attendant metering which can 'grab' the absolute peaks and hold them for however long is deemed necessary, the requirements have had to be redefined.
I would love to work on 88RS.
I too share the feeling that it's one of the best consoles out there today.
I trained on a VR60 console and from what I gather, the channel strips are very similar.
congratulations on the console and the best of luck to you in your studio.
When the studio is open your all welcome to come down and have a play on the kit.
We truly believe that the Neve will add the vibe and the draw that is needed to make a commercial studio work.
wow guys, that neve is immaculate.
i'd love to visit the studio when you guys are up and running, im in L8 so i'm not too far away!
Its should be! Its brand new!!!!!
For sure you can come over mate, in fact we will be looking for an assistant and would really want someone from LIPA.
The North West is where its going to be happening in the Uk (allthough ill include Trev at Circle as he is great and has a great studio).
Really great place, would love to have a look around sometime. Plus that console is a BEAUT!
Well Id consider it but you would have to burn an effigy of a certain someone associated with SAE before entering our building!
WOW..... the 88 looks hot hot hot!!!!
Great to see you studio build back on here.
Amazing desk, at the end of the day the Best is the Best.
When do you think you will be open for business?
let me know when you're ready for visitors.
This is going to turn into a LIPA vs SAE mix off!
Unless we all enter the grid and settle it "TRON" stylee with light cycles?
Looking good Andy! I'm envious!
Ill be uploading some pics of the air con attenuators and the clean power install just after christmas.
The isolating TX weighs a quarter or a ton!
This looks like something straight out of the future.
Well it has been built! The finishing joinery and acoustic treatment are next.
Roger said that it will be acoustically his finest room.
I think it looks like the bridge of the millenium falken!
May you be totally blessed to make really stunningly good music there!
Have a great Christmas, one and all! Thank you all for being suportive on here. Cant wait to get the doors open in 2011! it will be a vintage year for recording in the UK!
happy christmas mate. have a good one!


To a large degree "reality" is whatever the people who are around at the time agree to."
Basically, the consensus of social perception is what shapes our "reality." What we see in the media is a reflection of what the general population has "agreed" is "the way things are." But... things are changing! There is a subtle shift towards a more spiritual life. Sociologists have recognized a growing number of people as "Cultural Creatives" who are leaders in developing all kinds of trends. All of us out there reading spiritual books, doing yoga, serving the community, showing kindness and pursuing our own spiritual growth - we are the cultural creatives! By sharing ourselves and our experiences, we are making a difference in the world... and the difference is good!


Vertex Aquaristik recently loaded us up with a whole bunch of their products for review, and in an attempt to work methodically and at a sufficient pace to properly cover each item leading up to MACNA later this month, we are going to take things slowly and start off with a preliminary review of the Cleaner-Mag lineup. Like the rest of the Vertex product line, the visual experience (e.g. style and simplicity) are held right up there with function. Simply put, these magnets are probably the best looking ones around and they work like a charm.
Currently, the Cleaner-Mags consist of four models, the Simplex, Duplex, Triplex, and Hexaplex, all of which range in size and shape from a quarter to an index card. All of them share many of the same features, which include a clear plastic housing that allows hobbyists to see the stylishly powerful magnets. Buffing and cleaning pads line the magnets' cleaning surfaces, allowing hobbyists to scrape off any buildup on the inside or outside of the glass. The magnets do not come with an acyrlic specific cleaning pad, but like with any multipurpose magnet, a soft pad can be placed between the magnet and the acrylic panel.
The Hexaplex is the latest addition the Cleaner Mag lineup, and it's also the largest. It's slightly smaller than a 3″x5″ index card and sports an array of magnets that make it look more like a circuit board than a algae scraper. It is suitable for a glass thickness up to 15mm, or 5/8″. The retail price on the Hexaplex is $59.99, which is just under our original predicted price.
The Triplex is about half the size of the Hexaplex, and as its name implies, has three magnets. This feature set makes it suitable for tanks with glass that is 12mm (1/2″) thick or less. This model in the Cleaner Mag array runs about $34.99 at most retailers.
The smallest mag cleaner in the Vertex toolkit is the aptly named Simplex. This tiny magnet, unlike its larger brethren, has a round magnet for the exterior of the aquarium and a smaller square magnet for the inside. The magnets are still encased in clear plastic, and the same cleaning pads serve to knock down algae that sticks to the tank walls. A maximum glass thickness of 6mm is the only limitation on the Simplex, and coupled with its tiny size, the magnet is perfect for all manner of nano aquariums. The retail price is a very affordable $10.
I have bought two of these duplex magnets. They are pretty, yes, but of poor quality. Most of the time I tried to use them, the part inside the tank fall to the bottom of the tank, even if you go slowly. I really do not recommend these magnets. The small one by 2 Litte Fishies are really better, even if they are less pretty..


text:
Overton High School (currently known as Watkins Overton High School) is a secondary school for the Creative and Performing Arts located in Memphis, Tennessee.

The school, which serves grades 9 through 12, is a part of the Shelby County Schools district. It was a Memphis City School when it was built in 1959. It became Shelby County School, when Memphis surrender their charter back in 2014.

The School was named in honor of Memphis mayor S. Watkins Overton.

Athletics
Overton's sports programs include:
Boys sports: Basketball, Baseball, Bowling, Cross Country, Football, Golf, Soccer, Tennis, and Track.
Girls sports: Basketball, volleyball, Bowling, Cheerleading, Cross Country, Golf, Pom Pom, Soccer, Softball, Tennis, and Track.

Fine arts

Overton was declared a performing arts high school in 1976. The late Dr. Lulah M. Hedgeman was selected as choir director in 1976 and within five years, grew the program from 25 students to a choir of 150 students. The choir, under Hedgeman, performed a full concert in 1988 at Carnegie Hall in New York City. The choirs were invited to Nice, France, four times as guests of the city. Hedgeman was honored by the Walt Disney company in 1990 in their first production of The Salute to the American Teacher Awards. The Overton Choirs program, under the direction of Hedgeman, were ranked number 1 in the state of Tennessee for 21 consecutive years until Hedgeman's death in December 1997. The Vocal Music Department at Overton is still ranked the number 1 performing arts high school choir in the city of Memphis as of April 2016. The band is the 2008 Division AAA Champions of the University of Memphis Bandmasters Championship and the 2008 Smoky Mountains Invitational Champions.

Other aspects of the CAPA program include Creative Writing, choirs, orchestra, jazz ensembles, drama, dance, and visual arts. Students must audition to qualify for CAPA programs.

Creative Writing, run by Shannon Marszalek, frequently hosts Poetry Slams.  The Poetry Out Loud competition was held on Saturday, February 4, 2012.  Many of the Scholastic Gold Keys come from both the Creative Writing Department and the Art Department.

Notable alumni
O'landa Draper - Singer, choir director
Sergio Kerusch - American professional basketball player
K. Michelle - Singer, actress
Wendy Moten - Singer
Johnny Neumann - American basketball player and coach
Kevin Paige - singer
Josey Scott - lead singer of Saliva
Derrick Townsel - former gridiron football wide receiver
Elise Neal - Actress

References

External links
 Overton High School

Overton
Schools in Memphis, Tennessee

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Strangely enough, I find it hard to write something about Irina Nakhova. That is usually the case when you have to write about someone, whom you don't know well. But the exact opposite is true: I have known Ira for more than a long time – since the start of the 1970s, when she was 16. Even then her dazzling artistic future ("artistic" in the broadest sense) already seemed beyond doubt to me and to many others of our common acquaintance.
And we were not mistaken.
I have been lucky enough to watch her grow as a powerful and original artist before my eyes. The impression was particularly strong in the already distant 1970s, when our company of the time met almost every day and always included Ira. Our conversations in her kitchen on tremendously important themes were seemingly endless, and the metaphysical heights, to which they lifted us, were more intoxicating than the wine, which flowed just as freely.
Ira drew, painted and wrote texts, and the uniqueness of her intellectual and plastic gifts were apparent in all three activities, even in the context of mutual influence that was inevitable within our group.
Since then our personal biographies have gone in rather different directions, – including geographically, – but I have always followed and continue to follow the steady and unerring rise of this excellent artist and long-time friend with passionate interest. I am afraid that I do not know how to separate the artist from the friend. And, to be honest, I would not want to learn.


The time when I find it most difficult to find what to wear is in between two seasons when the weather and temperature seems to be constantly changing. During these times you can go out when its sunny and by the time you arrive home it can be rainy and cold. So I am showing you all an outfit I tend to wear between summer and autumn. If the weather turns cool then you are already wearing jeans and have a flannel shirt to keep you warm. If it does happen to be hot you can easily tie the shirt round your waist which is a fashion statement in itself. Therefore, this tends to be my favourite outfit for changeable weather as its practical and fashionable.
From all the photos I shot, I think these are my faves!


Claiming Plot 23. (ps. i dont konw how to submit my esp file so i'll attach it on this thread. tell me if you want me to do it differently.
Hey, welcome to the project! Checked out the file (attaching is perfectly fine) and looks good. One question though, is the NPC supposed to attack upon greeting?


text:
Der Föhn oder Föhnwind ist ein warmer, trockener Fallwind, der häufig auf der der Windrichtung abgewandten Seite, der Leeseite, von größeren Gebirgen auftritt. Er entsteht meist großräumig bei Wetterlagen mit Druckgradienten quer zum Gebirge. Er kann stetig wehen, aber auch böig sein.

Die Bezeichnung Föhn stammt aus dem deutschsprachigen Alpenraum und hat sich als meteorologischer Begriff für entsprechende Windereignisse durchgesetzt. Sowohl für den Alpenföhn als auch entsprechende Wetterphänomene an anderen Orten der Welt gibt es zahlreiche regional unterschiedliche Namen.

Zu unterscheiden ist der echte Föhn von der ähnlich warm-trockenen "föhnigen" Höhenströmung und anderen, etwa durch Druckgradienten bei Sturmtiefs induzierten föhnähnlichen Fallwinden.

Einführung
Der Föhn entsteht aus einer Windströmung (oder einem horizontalen Druckgradienten) über dem Gebirge, die zu relativ warmer Höhenluft führt. Sie ist auf der dem Wind zugewandten Luvseite des Gebirges mit Steigungsregen verbunden. Charakteristisch ist die deutliche Erwärmung und Trocknung der herabströmenden Luft, die zu gesundheitlichen Beschwerden (Föhnkrankheit) führen kann, sowie die ausgeprägte Fernsicht aufgrund der aerosolarmen (schwebeteilarmen) Luftmassen.

Neben diesem warmen Föhn durch feuchtadiabatisch aufsteigende Luft vor dem Gebirge und trockenadiabatisch absteigende Luft nach dem Gebirge gibt es aber noch andere Ursachen. Weniger warme Föhnwinde treten als physikalisches Wetterphänomen zumindest in den Ostalpen je nach Schichtung der Luftmassen auch ohne das Ausregnen auf, welches die zusätzliche Wärme generiert.

Definitionen
Föhn und Bora sind die typbestimmenden warmen bzw. kalten Fallwinde, die so oder ähnlich auch weltweit beobachtet werden können. Durch divergente bioklimatische Wirkung und gegensätzliche landschaftsprägende Folgen ist eine Separierung von föhn- und boragenen Typen zwangsläufig sinnvoll. Phänomenologisch lassen sie sich einfach unterscheiden:

Die Definition der Weltorganisation für Meteorologie (WMO) lautet:

Etymologie und Regionalnamen

Die Bezeichnung Föhn ging vom lateinischen favonius "lauer Westwind", wohl über das Rätoromanische (favuogn, dialektal auch fuogn), in das Althochdeutsche (phōnno) ein. Die Wurzel ist verwandt mit dem lateinischen Verb fovere, wärmen.

Daneben sind Bezeichnungen für regionale Föhnlagen entstanden:
 Der bekanntere Föhnwind der Alpen ist der Südföhn, der hauptsächlich nördlich des Alpenhauptkamms vorkommt. In Kärnten wird der Südföhn über die Karawanken als Jauk bezeichnet, abgeleitet von  'Süden'. In der Steiermark ist der Jauk ein Föhnwind aus Südwest bis West über die Koralpe Richtung Deutschlandsberg und Graz.
 Das Gegenstück an der Alpensüdseite ist der Nordföhn, z. B. im Tessin, im Trentino, in Südtirol, Osttirol und Kärnten. Im Italienischen Sprachraum wird dafür meist das deutsche Fremdwort föhn oder favonio benutzt, die Bezeichnung Tedesco ('der Deutsche') sowie allgemein vento di caduta ('Fallwind') oder Tramontana, in Slowenien fen. Nordföhn kommt selten, aber doch auch an der Alpennordseite vor, so z. B. in Innsbruck.
 Manche West-Ost ausgerichtete Täler in den Alpen kennen neben dem Südföhn und Nordföhn auch noch den Westföhn, so z. B. der Vinschgau. Nicht umsonst handelt es sich um das trockenste Tal der Alpen.
 Siehe auch: Föhntal – zur Verbreitung des Alpenföhns

Weitere Beispiele sind:
 der Halny wiatr in Polen
 der Aspr im französischen Zentralmassiv
 der "Norwegen-Föhn" (fønvind), ein Nordwind, der sich am norwegischen Gebirgsmassiv abregnet und, soweit er über Land (und nicht über die Ostsee oder Nordsee) zieht, zu wolkenarmem Wetter in Schleswig-Holstein und Hamburg führt
 der Chanduy in Ecuador
 der Chinook an der Ostseite der Rocky-Mountains
 der Santa-Ana-Wind in Südkalifornien
 der Puelche im Süden Chiles (Wind aus Osten) bzw. Zonda in Argentinien (Wind aus Westen)
 der Canterbury Northwester in den neuseeländischen Alpen

Dagegen keine warmen Föhnwinde, sondern katabatische Fallwinde sind z. B.
 die Bora an der kroatischen und montenegrinischen Adriaküste an der Südwestseite des Dinarischen Gebirges
 der Mistral  im unteren Rhonetal

Geschichte der Föhntheorie
Die in Lehrbüchern – auch heute noch – am weitesten verbreitete Erklärung des Föhns ist mit der Darstellung von Ficker & De Rudder aus dem Jahr 1943 verbunden, wird gern thermodynamisch genannt und irrtümlich Julius Hann zugeschrieben. Diese Theorie ist nach heutigem Verständnis nur noch von historischer Bedeutung, obwohl sie wichtige Erscheinungen richtig erklärt. Ihre Charakteristika sind ein Niederschlag im Luv, der als alleinige Erklärung der relativ hohen Temperaturen auf der Lee- im Vergleich zur Luvseite herangezogen wird, sowie eine dem Hangprofil folgende Störung auf beiden Seiten. Dies trifft jedoch in vielen Fällen nicht zu.

Thermodynamische Föhntheorie

Ein Föhn entsteht nach der thermodynamischen Föhntheorie wie alle Winde durch die Wirkung einer Druckgradientkraft mit tieferem Druck auf der Lee-Seite eines Gebirges. Beim Aufsteigen der relativ feuchten Luft an der Luv-Seite des Gebirges kühlt sich diese zunächst so lange trockenadiabatisch mit 1,0 °C pro 100 m Höhenanstieg ab, bis die relative Luftfeuchte 100 % beträgt. Dies liegt daran, dass die Wasserdampfkapazität der Luft mit der sinkenden Temperatur sinkt, sodass sie beim Erreichen des Taupunktes mit Dampf gesättigt ist und Wassertröpfchen bildet. Steigt die Luft weiter, so kühlt sie sich nur noch feuchtadiabatisch mit etwa 0,6 °C/100 m ab. Dabei bleibt die relative Luftfeuchte mit 100 % konstant: Die Luft kann ihren (unsichtbar) enthaltenen Wasserdampf nicht mehr behalten, und es kommt zu laufender Kondensation und Wolkenbildung dabei wird die spezifische Kondensationsenthalpie von 2257 kJ/kg des Wasserdampfes der Luft zugeführt. Die Kondensation dauert an, bis die Luft am Bergkamm angekommen ist, und führt fast immer zum sogenannten Steigungsregen, der in großen Höhen auch in Schneefall übergehen kann, dabei wird noch zusätzlich die Kristallisationsenthalpie (333,5 kJ/kg) abgegeben. Beide Energieformen sind im Allgemeinen "gespeicherte Sonnenenergie".

Vom Kamm aus beginnt die abgekühlte Luft auf der anderen Seite des Berges hangabwärts zu sinken. Der Föhn entsteht also – trotz einer stabilen Atmosphärenschichtung – nach der thermodynamischen Föhntheorie zuerst als katabatischer Wind. Die Ursachen für das Absinken liegen sowohl in der niedrigen Temperatur als auch in der Hangneigung des Geländes und werden verstärkt, wenn der Wind auf der Leeseite des Gebirges durch ein Tiefdruckgebiet "angesaugt" wird. Die absinkende Luft erwärmt sich wieder trockenadiabatisch mit durchgehend 1 °C/100 m – also viel schneller, als sie während des "Aufstiegs" (in der feuchtadiabatischen Phase) abkühlte: Es fehlt ihr die beim Aufsteigen abgeregnete Wassermenge, die gleichzeitig ihre Kondensationsenthalpie an diese Luft abgab. Die abgeregnete Wassermenge in Verbindung mit dem raschen Wärmerwerden der Luft auf der Leeseite ist die Ursache für die relative Trockenheit und hohe Temperatur des Föhnwindes. Im Tiefland angekommen ist der Föhn deshalb kein katabatischer Wind mehr, sondern ein warmer Fallwind.

Probleme der thermodynamischen Theorie des Föhns
Die thermodynamische Theorie als Erklärung des Föhns basiert auf dem unterschiedlichen Temperaturverhalten der Luft bei vertikalen Bewegungen und ist wegen der didaktischen Klarheit insbesondere in Lehrbüchern weit verbreitet: In vielen Lehrbüchern wurde der Kondensationseffekt als "der thermodynamische Föhneffekt" hervorgekehrt, als ob sonst keine Gründe für die Temperaturerhöhung bei Föhn vorlägen. Dieser Effekt ist lange Zeit zu sehr betont worden, wohl auch wegen seiner didaktischen Vorzüge. Zwei Beobachtungen zeigen, dass er nicht essentiell zum Föhn gehört:
 Es gibt auch Föhn ohne Bewölkung im Luv oder am Alpenhauptkamm.
 Die im Luv gestaute Luft ist nicht immer an der Überströmung beteiligt, sie kann stagnieren oder sich sogar in entgegengesetzter Richtung bewegen. Dazu haben Lammerts Messungen schon 1920 Beispiele gebracht.

Dass eine absteigende Warmluft dem archimedischen Prinzip zuwiderläuft, ist aber problematisch, dynamische Kriterien fehlen dieser Theorie und weder die Beobachtungen des hydraulic jump noch die mountain waves oder die Rotoren – auf welche im Folgenden eingegangen wird – können mit der Theorie erklärt werden.

Dynamische Föhntheorie
Obwohl die Atmosphäre aus Gasen aufgebaut ist, verhält sie sich in vielen Fällen wie eine Flüssigkeit. Daher treten viele atmosphärische Turbulenzen als Wellen auf. Atmosphärische Wellenstörungen resultieren aus der Interaktion verschiedener Kräfte, darunter Druckgradientkraft, Corioliskraft, Gravitation und Reibung. Lange war die obige thermodynamische Annahme bestimmende Theorie eines Föhnprinzips. Heute stehen allgemeine strömungsdynamische Gesetze bei Prinzipien der Entstehung von Fallwinden im Vordergrund, die zum mountain-wave-Konzept führen.

Hydrologisch-hydraulische Analogie der Föhnströmung
Am geeignetsten, um Fallwinde in einem dreidimensionalen System zu erklären, sind hydrologische Modelle, da sie auch für Bewegungsmuster in einem stark reliefierten Gelände mit Tälern und Pässen geeignet sind. Heute wird den topografischen Gegebenheiten noch mit der auf Englisch gap flow dynamic genannten Hypothese Rechnung getragen. Hiernach ist die vertikale Einengung (am Pass) und eine laterale Kontraktion (in einer Lücke – gap) der Luftströmung für Fallwinde wie Föhn und Bora unabdingbar.

Hydraulische Begriffe wie fließendes Wasser, schießendes Wasser, mit kritischer Geschwindigkeit strömendes Wasser und die Froude-Zahl  (ähnlich der Mach-Zahl) werden heute in der Föhntheorie benutzt.
Analog der Einteilung der Gasdynamik in Strömungen mit Unter- und Überschallgeschwindigkeit ist die Hydraulik der Strömungen mit freier Oberfläche in Wasserströmung mit Unter- und solche mit Übergrundwellengeschwindigkeit eingeteilt. Wasser, das mit einer Geschwindigkeit strömt, die kleiner ist als die Grundwellengeschwindigkeit, heißt in der Hydraulik fließendes Wasser, Wasser mit einer Strömungsgeschwindigkeit größer als die Grundwellengeschwindigkeit heißt schießendes Wasser. Strömt Wasser genau mit Grundwellengeschwindigkeit, so nennt man es "mit kritischer Geschwindigkeit strömendes Wasser". Die Froudsche Zahl  drückt letztlich das Verhältnis zwischen kinetischer Energie (abhängig von der Windgeschwindigkeit) und potenzieller Energie (Stabilität, Gebirgshöhe) aus.

  entspricht kritisch strömendem Wasser. Wenn die Zahl gleich oder etwas größer als eins ist, dann ist die Wahrscheinlichkeit von mountain waves groß.
  entspricht fließendem Wasser. Ist die Zahl kleiner als eins, ist die Strömung ungenügend, um über das Hindernis zu kommen, die Zirkulation ist blockiert.
  entspricht schießendem Wasser. Ist die Zahl viel größer als eins, dann strömt die Luft ohne größere Oszillationen über das Hindernis.

Das Problem bei der Erklärung ist, das verschiedenartige Verhalten bei Modellversuchen von fließendem und schießendem Wasser beim Überströmen eines Bodenhindernisses analog beim Föhn anzuwenden. Wenn Wasser über ein Hindernis strömt, so wirken im Wesentlichen zwei Kräfte: die Schwerkraft und die Trägheitskraft. Man kann nun zwischen zwei Regimen unterscheiden:

 Beim superkritischen Fließen ist die Trägheitskraft dominierend. Kinetische Energie wird am Hindernis in potenzielle Energie umgewandelt (das heißt, Wasser strömt langsamer, hat aber am Gipfel potenzielle Energie, die es befähigt, hinunterzustürzen und schneller zu fließen, also nach dem Hindernis mehr kinetische Energie zu haben).
 Beim subkritischen Fließen dominiert die Schwerkraft. Über dem Hindernis fließt das Wasser schneller, potenzielle Energie wird in kinetische Energie umgewandelt, die Wasserschicht wird dünner. Nach dem Hindernis wird die kinetische Energie zurück in potenzielle Energie verwandelt.

Wenn über dem Hindernis eine genügend starke Beschleunigung erreicht wird und eine genügend große Abnahme der Dicke der Wasserschicht erfolgt (bei großen Hindernissen möglich), kann ein Übergang von subkritischem zu superkritischem Fließen geschehen. Da nun das Wasser am Lee-Hang superkritisch ist, beschleunigt es sich und stürzt den Hang hinunter. Weil auf der ganzen Strecke über dem Hindernis potenzielle Energie in kinetische verwandelt wird, werden starke Fallwinde im Lee produziert. Die Flüssigkeit passt sich auf der Leeseite durch einen hydraulischen Sprung (engl. hydraulic jump) wieder der Umgebung an und wechselt dadurch wieder zu subkritischem Fließen. Hier besteht eine Analogie zur Gasdynamik: Wie dort der Übergang einer Strömung mit Unterschallgeschwindigkeit zu einer mit Überschallgeschwindigkeit stetig erfolgt, der umgekehrte dagegen meist unstetig auf dem Wege über eine riemannsche Stoßwelle, geht eine fließende Wasserströmung stetig in eine schießende über, eine schießende in eine fließende dagegen meist unstetig auf dem Wege über einen Wassersprung. Damit ist die durch Turbulenzen beim Wassersprung erzeugte Wärme für den hydraulischen Prozess verloren, beim gasdynamischen Prozess bleibt diese aber als innere Energie erhalten, der Luftsprung entspricht damit nicht gänzlich dem Wassersprung. Dass beim Föhn eine Luftströmung mit überkritischer Geschwindigkeit existiert (schießend strömende Luft), wird durch die außergewöhnliche Turbulenz der Rotoren beim Emporschießen bodennaher Luft im Lee unterstrichen.

Gap dynamic
Zu einem wesentlichen Element der Föhn-Hypothese gehört die gap dynamic. Der Grundgedanke besteht darin, dass eine orthogonale Strömung, die gegen eine Gebirgsbarriere fließt, zuerst ein zweidimensionales Problem darstellt, dass aber, wenn so genannte gaps (Täler, Pässe) vorhanden sind, die Dimensionalität des Problems verändert wird. Dies gilt insbesondere dann, wenn die Froude-Zahl der Luft an einer Gebirgsbarriere niedriger ist und diese einen Weg durch Schluchten, Täler und Pässe anstelle einer Passage über das Hindernis nimmt. Dadurch, dass viele Gebirge bestimmte Windgassen aufweisen, wird diese Idee bestärkt. Beispiele sind die "Stampede Gap" in der Kaskadenkette in Washington (Cascade Windstorm), die Trockentäler des Himalaya, das Wipptal am Brenner zwischen Inn und Etsch (Föhn), der Vratnik-Pass über Senj im Velebit (Bora) oder der Einschnitt der Bucht von Kotor in Montenegro als Korridor der Risaner Bora.

Folgendes Bild für den Mechanismus des Föhns ergibt sich heute: Im Ausgangszustand lagert über einem Gebirgsrelief und seiner weiteren Umgebung eine ausgedehnte, nahezu horizontale Temperaturinversion, in den Gebirgstälern und vielleicht auch im Vorland eine stagnierende kalte Luftschicht. Ein heranziehendes Tief beginnt die Kaltluft durch den Kanal zwischen Erdoberfläche und der über dem Gebirge gelegenen Inversionsgrenzschicht abzusaugen. Die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit in diesem Kanal nimmt ständig zu. Bei genügend starker Absaugwirkung des Tiefs wird irgendwann längs einer zunächst schmalen Teilstrecke des Gebirgszuges die Strömung kritisch, und zwar vorzugsweise auf einem Pass, weil dort wegen der Düsenwirkung die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit besonders gesteigert wird. Längs dieser Strecke ist damit die maximale Förderleistung des Kanals erreicht. Die Inversion wird im Lee dieser Teilstrecke herabgezogen und schreitet in Richtung der Grundströmung weiter fort, während darunter die Strömung überkritisch wird. Der Föhn hat am Pass begonnen und setzt sich in das Tal hinein fort, wobei er auch die Kaltluft am Boden des Kanals mit einbezieht. Während dieses Vorgangs kann die Luft zu beiden Seiten der Gebirgsteilstrecke noch ungehindert nachströmen, da dort die kritische Geschwindigkeit noch nicht erreicht ist. Das ansaugende Tief fordert aber weiteren Luftnachschub, so dass auch seitlich der Strecke die Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten weiterhin zunehmen müssen, bis nach und nach längs des ganzen Gebirgsrückens überall die kritischen Werte überschritten sind. Am gesamten Gebirgszug hat damit der Föhn eingesetzt.

Verschiedene Missdeutungen bei der Temperaturerhöhung gerade des Südföhns verlangen eine genaue Analyse. Grundsätzlich hängt die adiabatische Erwärmung der Luft davon ab, dass die Atmosphäre zwischen der Talstation und dem Gebirgsgrat stabil stratifiziert ist. Vor allem an Sommertagen mit einer tiefen und gut durchmischten Grenzschicht und superadiabatischen Gradienten in der Nähe des Bodens ist der Föhn kühler als die Luft, die er verdrängt. Daher wird die grundsätzliche Erwärmung und Trocknung der Föhnluft aufgrund des Abstiegs auf der Lee-Seite eines Gebirges mit der Tatsache verwechselt, dass Föhnluft wärmer und trockener als die Luftmasse ist, die dieser auswechselt. Dies belegen Statistiken, die bei Südföhn in Innsbruck einen deutlichen erhöhten Trend der Temperaturmaxima in den Sommermonaten belegen. Für die Alpensüdseite ist der Effekt von Nordföhn aber durch die Kaltluftadvektion überschattet. Dagegen ist die Südströmung bei Südföhnlagen für den Bereich der Ostalpen im Raum von Tirol mit der Wirkung des Föhns als Südwind immer durch eine entsprechende Erhöhung der Temperaturmaxima charakterisiert.

Folgeerscheinungen

Föhnmauer, Föhnfenster und Föhnsturm

Typisch für die Föhnlage ist eine markante Wolkenwand – die Föhnmauer – vor fast blauem Himmel, dem Föhnfenster. Die Föhnmauer steht als Wolkenwand über dem Kamm, an dem der Fallwind dann herunterströmt. Das Föhnfenster ist die durch Trocknung ausgeblasene Schönwetterzone.

Bei hohen Windgeschwindigkeiten des Föhnwindes spricht man vom Föhnsturm. Dabei kann die Föhnmauer auf die Leeseite hereinbrechen und dort zu Niederschlägen führen.

Am Ende der Föhnwirkung steht eine zweite Föhnmauer an der Kaltfront des auslösenden Tiefdruckgebietes. Ihr Vorrücken wird durch den Gegenwind des Föhns aufgehalten. Bricht der Föhn zusammen, rückt diese zweite Föhnmauer rasch vor und bringt das Föhnfenster zum Verschwinden.

Stauniederschläge
Dass implizierte Stauniederschläge kein Muss bei Föhn sind, geht aus der Statistik von Fliri (1984) eindeutig hervor. Bei Südföhn ist nur ca. 70 % Niederschlagswahrscheinlichkeit am östlichen Alpensüdrand, 80 % im westlichen Teil mit Maxima von 90 % im Tessin, wo die Niederschlagsintensitäten auch größer sind. Dass der Fall aber nicht ganz einfach ist und ein thermodynamischer Effekt mit Aufsteigen von Bodenluft aus dem Po-Becken unter Umständen eine Rolle spielt, wenn auch lokal beschränkt, konnte in einem partiellen Widerspruch zu bisherigen Ergebnissen gezeigt werden. Für Teile der Westalpen kann daher die feuchtadiabatische Komponente eine Rolle spielen. Während des ALPEX-Programms wurde die Existenz eines Kaltluft-Pools an der Alpensüdseite bestätigt. Damit setzte sich die nicht ganz neue Theorie von Hann (1866) gegenüber der von Ficker und De Rudder (1943) durch. Hier ist die Luft der unteren Schichten im Pool gefangen und tritt nicht über den Alpenhauptkamm. Diese Luft wird daher auch Totluft genannt.

Leewellen und Föhnlinsen

Auf der Leeseite des Gebirges gerät die strömende Luft in Schwingungen. Diese Leewellen werden bei ausreichender Luftfeuchtigkeit durch die Bildung von charakteristischen Wolken, den Föhnlinsen (Altocumulus lenticularis, kurz Ac lent), sichtbar. In den Leewellen können Segelflugzeuge auf über 10.000 m steigen.

So gleichen die atmosphärischen Wellenstörungen, die durch orografische Hindernisse gebildet werden, den Schwerewellen der Wasseroberfläche. Während sich nun eine Meereswelle weiterbewegt und das Wasser still steht, ist es mit mountain waves genau umgekehrt: Während die Welle im Wesentlichen stationär bleibt, bewegt sich die Luft durch sie hindurch. Mountain waves können überall dort auftreten, wo eine starke Strömung in einer stabilen Atmosphäre auf eine Barriere trifft.

Praktisch genutzt werden die Wellen im Segelflug. Im Aufwindbereich können große Höhen ohne Motorkraft erreicht werden. Die damit einhergehende Turbulenz stellt jedoch für Luftfahrzeuge wie z. B. Gleitschirme und Drachen, eine ernstzunehmende Gefahr dar.

Föhneffekte an Geländestufen, Mittelgebirgen
Weniger bekannt, in der Praxis aber recht verbreitet, sind schwächere Föhneffekte im Lee von niedrigeren Geländestufen und Mittelgebirgszügen. Typischerweise treten solche Effekte bei starker Warmluftadvektion in den Wintermonaten auf. Die warme Luftmasse kann sich mangels Sonneneinstrahlung und aufgrund von Nebel/Hochnebelbildung nicht bis in die tiefen Lagen durchsetzen, es kommt zur Ausbildung einer starken, aber nur wenige hundert Meter flachen Temperaturinversion. Ist die großräumige Luftströmung von einer Hochfläche oder einem Mittelgebirgszug in Richtung Tiefebene gerichtet, so wandert die bodennahe Kaltluftschicht in Richtung Tiefland ab und wird durch die wärmere und trockenere Luft aus höheren Luftschichten ersetzt. Hier kommt es zur Auflösung tiefer Wolkenschichten bei deutlich verbesserter Sicht und höheren Temperaturen. Diese Effekte treten großräumiger auf, sind nicht auf einzelne Täler begrenzt und können sich noch relativ weit von der Geländeschwelle entfernt bemerkbar machen. Die Windgeschwindigkeit nimmt dabei nur unwesentlich zu.

Typische Regionen mit Föhneffekten sind:

 der West-Nordwest-Föhn am Alpenrand im Wiener Becken über den Wienerwald
in Deutschland
 der südliche Oberrheingraben (Freiburg) bei südlichen bis südwestlichen Winden über burgundische Pforte
 der sogenannte Albföhn der Schwäbischen Alb bei Südostwinden, der das Segelfliegen am Albtrauf ermöglicht
 das Eifelvorland bei südlichen Winden
 der Niederrhein bei Südostwinden, Föhneffekte vom Sauerland
 Erzgebirgsvorland bei Südwinden
 Nördliches Harzvorland (Thale, Wernigerode) bei Südwinden
 Östliches Wiehengebirge bei Südwind

Optischer Vergrößerungseffekt

 Ein Föhn bewirkt, dass wenige Partikel in der Luft sind und diese reinere Luft dann eine verbesserte Fernsicht auf die Berge bietet. Die Atmosphäre wirkt zudem wie ein Vergrößerungsglas, da die Dichte der Luft mit zunehmender Höhe abnimmt und somit auch der Brechungsindex verringert wird. Das führt zu einer Ablenkung des Lichtes, sodass Objekte größer oder näher erscheinen. Dieser Effekt wird beim Föhn durch die nach oben zunehmende Temperatur, die zu einer weiteren Abnahme der Dichte führt, noch einmal verstärkt.

Bilder von Föhnwetterlagen

Siehe auch
 Doppelföhn
 Bise
 Winde und Windsysteme

Literatur

 American Meteorological Society: Glossary of Meteorology. Boston 1959. (Online Version: http://amsglossary.allenpress.com/glossary/)
 Preusse Eckermann: Global Measurements of Stratospheric Mountain Waves from Space. In: Science. 286/1999, S. 1534–1537.
 H. Ficker, B. De Rudder: Föhn und Föhnwirkungen – Der gegenwärtige Stand der Frage. Akad. Verlagsg. Becker & Erler, Leipzig 1943.
 J. Hann: Zur Frage über den Ursprung des Föhn. In: Zeitschrift der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Meteorologie. 1 (1), Wien 1866, S. 257–263.
 H. Schweizer: Versuch einer Erklärung des Föhns als Luftströmung mit überkritischer Geschwindigkeit. In: Archiv Met. Geo. Biokl. Serie A5/1953, S. 350–371.
 P. Seibert: South Foehn Studies Since the ALPEX Experiment. In: Meteorol. Atmos. Phys. 43/1990, S. 91–103.
 R. Steinacker: Unstationary Aspects of Foehn in a large Valley. ICAM-MAP Meeting, Zadar, 2005. (Webdokument, pdf)
 N. Tartaglione, P. P. Ruti: Mesoscale Idealized Gap Flows. In: MAP Newsletter. 9/2000 ()

 Jürgen Brauerhoch: Föhn: Ein erlösendes Brevier. Langen-Müller, 2007, ISBN 978-3-7844-3093-5.
  (Abbildung: Föhnmauer. (Im Gschnitzthal.)).

Weblinks

 Alpiner Föhn eine neue Strophe zu einem alten Liede - Rudolf Steinacker 2005, Promet 32: 3-10 (Promet:PDF)
 Mountain waves and Downslope winds – Seite mit animierten Lehrmaterial (englisch, Audio)
 Felix Welzenbach: Einführung in die moderne thermodynamische und hydraulische Föhntheorie mit Abbildungen
 Föhn-Vorhersage Schweiz
 Föhn-Vorhersage Österreich
 Wie Föhn entsteht? Nicht so, wie Sie denken; Wetterblog Frank Wettert
 Bild Föhnmauer

Einzelnachweise

Fohn
Wikipedia:Artikel mit Video

cs:Místní názvy větrů#Fén


text:
Man has massive growth removed from scrotum
WZZM
BURLINGTON, Mich. - A West Michigan man is back home and more than 100 pounds lighter, thanks to scrotal lymphedema surgery to remove a growth from his scrotum.
Dan Maurer, 37 years old and from Burlington (southeast of Battle Creek), traveled to Orange, California, for the surgery back in August.
"You go out there with the idea, I may never come back. So, to be home is like, whew, I made it home," Dan said.
The surgery lasted 16 hours and was considered a success. When Dan woke up, the growth, which weighed more than 80 pounds, was gone. An additional 50 pounds of skin was also removed.
Dan did have some complications from the surgery.
"I woke up and was wondering why my legs were numb," he said. "I remember thinking that's not right."
Doctors had disturbed a nerve. He was told that it was common and not permanent.
At this point, Dan has to learn how to walk again. He is currently going to physical therapy and hopes to be mobile soon.
"There were times when I would call my friends and family and break down. It's been the hardest thing I've ever done in my life," he said of the procedure.
Despite Dan's new challenges, he says he wouldn't change a thing. He says he will walk again, and thanks to the surgery, he can have a normal life.
There is a fund set up in Dan Maurer's name to help him with all his expenses. Learn more about that fund at this link.


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text:
Q: How do you replace values in a field with max/min values from other fields? Given Category, Index and Date, I would like to create a new field called New_Date as below. New_Date would be the Date which corresponds with the highest index belonging to the same Category for each record.
My data frame has >1m records and 50 fields, so hoping for a more efficient solution than for-loop.
I have looked for similar questions on SO, but most of these questions involved removing the irrelevant records, however I would like to retain all records without removing anything.
Any ideas much appreciated!
Category<-c(rep("A",8),rep("B",3),rep("C",4))
Index<-c(seq(1,8),seq(1:3),seq(1:4))
Date<-c("01/01/2020","01/02/2020","01/03/2020","01/04/2020","01/05/2020","01/06/2020","01/07/2020","29/07/2020","01/01/2014","01/02/2014","01/01/2015","01/01/2014","01/01/2015","01/01/2016","01/01/2017")

Category
Index
Date
New_Date

A
1
01/01/2020
29/07/2020

A
2
01/02/2020
29/07/2020

A
3
01/03/2020
29/07/2020

A
4
01/04/2020
29/07/2020

A
5
01/05/2020
29/07/2020

A
6
01/06/2020
29/07/2020

A
7
01/07/2020
29/07/2020

A
8
29/07/2020
29/07/2020

B
1
01/01/2014
01/01/2015

B
2
01/02/2014
01/01/2015

B
3
01/01/2015
01/01/2015

C
1
01/01/2014
01/01/2017

C
2
01/01/2015
01/01/2017

C
3
01/01/2016
01/01/2017

C
4
01/01/2017
01/01/2017

Regards,
Alch

A: A data.table option -
library(data.table)

setDT(df)[, New_Date := Date[which.max(Index)], Category]
df
#    Category Index       Date   New_Date
# 1:        A     1 01/01/2020 29/07/2020
# 2:        A     2 01/02/2020 29/07/2020
# 3:        A     3 01/03/2020 29/07/2020
# 4:        A     4 01/04/2020 29/07/2020
# 5:        A     5 01/05/2020 29/07/2020
# 6:        A     6 01/06/2020 29/07/2020
# 7:        A     7 01/07/2020 29/07/2020
# 8:        A     8 29/07/2020 29/07/2020
# 9:        B     1 01/01/2014 01/01/2015
#10:        B     2 01/02/2014 01/01/2015
#11:        B     3 01/01/2015 01/01/2015
#12:        C     1 01/01/2014 01/01/2017
#13:        C     2 01/01/2015 01/01/2017
#14:        C     3 01/01/2016 01/01/2017
#15:        C     4 01/01/2017 01/01/2017

A: Try this one
df <- data.frame(Category, Index, Date)

for (i in 1:nrow(df)){
  df$new_date[i] <- df$Date[which.max(as.Date(df$Date[df$Category == df$Category[i]], format = '%d/%m/%Y')) +
                              which.max(df$Category == df$Category[i]) - 1]
}

A: tidyverse style of doing it.  Actually last is not needed to wrap if your index is not duplicate in Categories.
library(tidyverse)

data.frame(Category, Index, Date) %>%
  group_by(Category) %>%
  mutate(newDate = last(Date[Index == max(Index)]))

#> # A tibble: 15 x 4
#> # Groups:   Category [3]
#>    Category Index Date       newDate
#>    <chr>    <int> <chr>      <chr>
#>  1 A            1 01/01/2020 29/07/2020
#>  2 A            2 01/02/2020 29/07/2020
#>  3 A            3 01/03/2020 29/07/2020
#>  4 A            4 01/04/2020 29/07/2020
#>  5 A            5 01/05/2020 29/07/2020
#>  6 A            6 01/06/2020 29/07/2020
#>  7 A            7 01/07/2020 29/07/2020
#>  8 A            8 29/07/2020 29/07/2020
#>  9 B            1 01/01/2014 01/01/2015
#> 10 B            2 01/02/2014 01/01/2015
#> 11 B            3 01/01/2015 01/01/2015
#> 12 C            1 01/01/2014 01/01/2017
#> 13 C            2 01/01/2015 01/01/2017
#> 14 C            3 01/01/2016 01/01/2017
#> 15 C            4 01/01/2017 01/01/2017

Created on 2021-06-11 by the reprex package (v2.0.0)