text:
Q: Finding closest point to shapefile coastline Python I have a dataset consisting of 2,2 million houses in a Norway, and I want to find the distance to the coast for each dwelling. The location of the house is made up by latitude and longitude coordinates, and I have downloaded a shapefile of Europe with all the coastlines from (Could not find a shapefile for only Norway):
https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/data/eea-coastline-for-analysis-1/gis-data/europe-coastline-shapefile
Which have the coastline in both MULTILINESTRING and POLYGON format.
Then I try using the nearest point function from the shapely library, but it only assign the same value for each point, and it takes too long to run.
import geopandas as gpd
from shapely.geometry import Point
from shapely.ops import nearest_points

def findClosestCoastline(df):

   #assign Point from the coordinates of dwelling
   df['point'] = [Point(x, y) for x, y in zip(df['coord_x'].astype(float),
                                              df['coord_y'].astype(float))]
   #Load shapefile with MULTILINESTRING format
   map_2= gpd.read_file("Europe_coastline.shp")

   for i in range(df)
      #TODO: Fix this, get the closest point from the MULTISTRINGLINE
      np = nearest_points(map_2.iloc[0]['geometry'], df.iloc[i]['point'])[0]
      df.loc[i, 'closestPoint_Coast'] = np

      #TODO generate the distance in KM
      df.loc[i, 'distance_To_Coast'] =

return df

A: The fastest way to do this is to create an image where the value of each pixel is the distance to the coastline, then pluck values from that image for each point. Of course, that means the precision of the distance is only going to be as good as the resolution of the image, so if you want want less than a few meters accuracy, the image would have to be huge.
Using GeoPandas, you can map across the points in parallel calling the shapely distance method to the coastline file. Since there is one feature in the coastline file point.distance(coastlines) will give you the distance to to coastline for each point. This is still fairly slow though, on a 4 core machine it runs around 340 features per second for me. That'll take some time to rip through 2.5MM.
import geopandas as gpd
from shapely.geometry import Point, box
from random import uniform
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
from tqdm.notebook import tqdm

world = gpd.read_file(gpd.datasets.get_path('naturalearth_lowres'))

#single geom for Norway
norway = world[world["name"]=="Norway"].dissolve(by='name').iloc[0].geometry

#single geom for the coastline
coastline = gpd.clip(gpd.read_file("Europe_coastline.shp").to_crs('EPSG:4326'),
                     norway.buffer(0.25)).iloc[0].geometry

def make_point(id):
    point = None
    while point is None or not norway.contains(point):
        point = Point(uniform(norway.bounds[0],norway.bounds[2]),
                      uniform(norway.bounds[1],norway.bounds[3]))
    return {"id": id, "geometry": point}

def compute_distance(point):
    point['dist_to_coastline'] = point['geometry'].distance(coastline)
    return point

with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=4) as tpe:
    points = list(tqdm(tpe.map(make_point, range(10000)), desc="generating points", total=10000))
    result = list(tqdm(tpe.map(compute_distance, points), desc="computing distances", total=len(points)))

gdf = gpd.GeoDataFrame.from_records(result)

ax = gpd.GeoDataFrame.from_records([{"geometry":coastline}]).plot(figsize=(18,18))
ax = gdf.plot(ax=ax, column='dist_to_coastline', cmap='rainbow')
ax


text:
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Finding Family in a Kmart Parking Lot "American Honey" is a Gorgeous, Complicated Snapshot of Poor American Teens
by Jess Kibler
Published on October 7, 2016 at 10:42am
For her film American Honey, director Andrea Arnold used "street casting"—finding the cast among teenagers hanging out on beaches and in WalMart parking lots. Sasha Lane, above, was cast while on spring break in Florida.
There is a stark difference between being broke and being poor. Writer Carmen Rios has called it the difference between "not being able to order a pizza or go out with your friends and not being able to pay the bills."
There have been several smart depictions of broke people in pop culture, from the family in Roseanne in the '80s and '90s to the more recent Joyce Byers in Stranger Things. But there is still a rather significant void of more delicate, well-crafted depictions of poverty, ones that don't use poor characters simply for inspiration porn to make wealthier audiences feel better about their lives. This relative lack makes sense given the current state of media. Television shows and films often depend upon sponsorships and product placements in order to afford production now. How do you shill name-brand potato chips through characters who can't even afford the grocery store–brand knockoffs?
New film American Honey, however, is a completely gorgeous and remarkable film in this vein. Written and directed by Andrea Arnold, who has directed episodes of Transparent and who won an Academy Award for her short film Wasp in 2005, American Honey manages to depict the desperation of being a poor young person in a forgotten corner of America without condescending to or worshipping its destitute characters.
Riley Keough and Shia LeBeouf play teens who travel the country selling magazines in American Honey.
The film centers on Star (Sasha Lane), an 18-year-old girl living in rural Oklahoma. When we meet her, she's Dumpster diving for dinner with her young step-siblings. They find a swollen, defrosted freezer chicken and consider the outing a success. When trying to get home, they attempt to hitchhike outside a Kmart, but then Star sees a rowdy young crew pile out of a white passenger van. Intrigued by one boy in particular, she follows them into the store.
It's a Kmart you'd find anywhere: Coin-operated machines filled with colorful gumballs line the entryway. When she catches Jake's (Shia LeBeouf) eye, Rihanna and Calvin Harris's "We Found Love" begins playing—which, because of its iconic video directed by Melina Matsoukas, has become cultural shorthand for a kind of dusty, destructive, drug- and sex-fueled American youth. The crew go wild when the song plays, dancing atop the checkstands until they're kicked out.
Outside the store, Jake asks Star to join them on their road trip. He says he can offer her a job and that she should meet them at the motel in the morning if she decides she's coming. She knows nothing of this group, not even what their business entails, but she decides to go with them, leaving behind her drunken, sexually abusive stepfather.
The rowdy "mag crew" of American Honey.
The group, Star quickly learns, travels and sells magazines, but really they're selling exaggerated sob stories. One person says they tell potential customers their dad died in Afghanistan. "People love that patriotic shit." Their customers want to feel better about themselves by helping poor, disadvantaged youth, and the kids prod that rich guilt to make their sales. Even when they're in poorer areas, Krystal (Riley Keough), the leader of the operation, says to invoke pity. "These are just poor people like y'all. They'll pity you 'cause you're just like them."
Every member of the crew is young and penniless. They're from all over the country, most from the South and poor, rural towns of Appalachia. When Star initially joins them, Krystal asks her if anyone will miss her. "Not really," she answers. The implication is that Krystal has asked every prospective member this question and that they've all answered the same way. This is largely a story about white poverty—aside from Lane, who is the mixed-race daughter of a New Zealander mom and an African-American dad, the entire cast of the film is white. It's hard to imagine the crew's recklessness—especially their drug and alcohol use while driving—going unnoticed if the mag crew consisted of people of color. Driving safely while Black is dangerous enough in this country. But the film does succeed in highlighting a specific kind of poverty often found in the largely white, rural areas where many of the characters are from, the kinds of areas that are faced with rampant drug and alcohol abuse and that are bitter, the Atlantic argues, about their decline because their parents and their parents' parents lived considerably more comfortably.
The magazine crew lives carelessly. They pass blunts in the car. One boy repeatedly pulls his dick out of his shorts to catch laughs. They fuck each other outdoors, up against the van or in stolen convertibles parked in empty fields. Krystal spends her majority cut of each sale on trappings of the white middle class, for them signs of wealth—Confederate-flag bikinis, Victoria's Secret underwear. No one speaks of family or obligation outside the mag crew. The group's only family, we're to understand, is each other.
Star hates the lies the crew members use to sell, so she tells her own story and takes extreme personal risks to seal deals. Through her first sale, in which she goes home with three wealthy older men in white cowboy hats, we learn that her mom died a few years prior from meth use. Star is bullish and hates being told she can't do something because she's a girl; the men tell her "women can't normally handle" mescal, and that provokes her to down it. When she's intrigued by the worm in the bottle, the men bet her to eat it, and ultimately, this is how she, alone, sells her first copies.
Her risk-taking gets more and more extreme as the film goes on. She rarely considers her own safety; she wants to make money, but she wants to do so by connecting with people, so she blindly trusts strangers who could very easily hurt her. It's a bleak reminder that she's entirely alone and has no one looking out for her, not really.
Many of the actors in the film—including Lane, who is breathtaking in the lead role—had never acted before this film. Arnold looked for her cast like newly minted adults might look for summertime flings: at parties, congregating at backroads motels, sitting in the back of strip clubs. Arnold found Lane, who is 19, on a Miami beach during spring break. Lane was a student taking classes in psychology and social work, but Arnold asked her to take time off to audition for the film and wound up casting her a week later. "I went on that trip because something felt like it was missing and I was just so lost and kind of hopeless, but I had a feeling," Lane told IndieWire.
Though, of course, he's better known than the rest of the cast, LaBeouf is also fantastic as Jake, whose flirtatiousness and regard for Star often turns dangerous, alluding to the fact that not all problems can be erased just by leaving a troubled family life behind. And the film is downright gorgeous to look at thanks to sun-bleached cinematography and attention to small details. The camera lingers on stale, ant-covered fries on a kitchen counter, on colorful tattoos peeking out of ratty, threadbare cotton short-shorts, and on Krystal's twitchy fingers.
Later in the film, a truck driver asks Star what her dream is, and she says it's the first time she's ever been asked the question. "My own trailer," she says after giving it some thought, "with lots of trees—real big ones." When she asks Jake the same question, he gives the same answer: "No one has ever asked me that before." This version of America is often left out of our mainstream pop culture, but it's no less real than the high-rises on our glittery coasts.
Jess Kibler is a Portland-based writer, editor, and sad-song collector.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Could you explain to me what it means to have better Sharpe Ratio in Equal Weight portfolio than tangency portfolio (max sharpe). Thank you.
The Max Sharpe Ratio portfolio is determined ex-ante, using past data available at time t (say the previous 10 years returns and covariances). It is optimal given that data.
At time t two people invest: A invests in the Max Sharpe Ratio portfolio and B invests in the Equal Weighted Portfolio. At time $T > t$ we compare the results: it is possible that (ex-post) the Sharpe ratio of B turned out bigger than the Sharpe ratio of A.
Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged finance portfolio analysis or ask your own question.
How do I show that there is no tangency portfolio?


When you hire someone to stay at your home to do your house duties or take care of your children, you're not 100% certain what they'll do throughout their own time.
They could be as clean as a whistle on paper, but once they get to your home, they could be total slobs or end up being kleptomaniacs.
After his Seiko watch went missing, the husband assumed that his 25-year-old housekeeper was stealing from them.
He searched for it everywhere, but couldn't find it, when after a couple of days, it appeared again.
His wife said she found it behind the dresser.
Although he remembered that he looked for the watch there, he believed his wife and the housekeeper stayed.
Since he found out that other things started to disappear he decided to put a camera in their bedroom and see for himself that their employee is not a thief.
He noticed that his housekeeper spent too much time cleaning the closet.
And he thought that it is just the housekeeper doing her job well.
That was until the beginning of the third week when he spotted her and his wife together! At the time, he was on a trip, and when he returned, he checked out the camera.
It was shocking for him to see the things they were doing.
He saw that housekeeper took out the toy bag and laid it on his wife's side of the bed, and then she was into an act of self-indulgence.
Next thing he sees that his wife appears, and instead of reprimanding the housekeeper, they go at it, and the housekeeper got close to his wife.
The betrayal he felt, was big enough to post this event on social media and asked for others opinion.
"I know everything and I'm not mad at you, I just feel betrayed.
Why would you do this without talking it through to me?"Since then people on social media are waiting for his next update on this crazy story.


text:
Dolichowithius modicus es una especie de arácnido del orden Pseudoscorpionida de la familia Withiidae.

Distribución geográfica
Se encuentra en Paraguay.

Referencias

Modicus
Arácnidos de Paraguay

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


I was listening to a sports call-in show the other morning and the host made an interesting point.
In the NFL, the coaches pick the players. In college, the players pick the coaches.
He tried to generalize and say that's why all the college coaches are the fresh-faced energetic types and why the NFL coaches look like they've been doing nothing but pouring over video at a desk for 90 hours a week with coffee and a donut.
I don't have the stats to prove or disprove that particular point, and I try to avoid generalizations, but what is certainly clear to me that the most important thing in college football as a coach is being able to recruit the talent. You have to be able to walk into someone's house, meet mom and dad, garner trust, and shake hands to close the deal and bring a wary high school kid to your program. If you can't recruit, you're dead--because at the end of the day, the best kids are choosing the schools, not the other way around.
It's the same in venture capital. It's not about stock picking, like in the public markets, where everyone has the same access to opportunities and everyone can buy a stock.
Actually, it's about VC picking. The investors get picked, not the companies. The best opportunities will get funded by someone, and it's the entrepreneur's choice as to who that will be.
Furthermore, you also need to be able to recruit talent. The most important way that you can help a company is to help recruit employee #1, #2, #3, etc... be it a developer, marketer, salesperson, etc. In that case, too, you and your investment are the ones being picked, because the best talent has their choice.
So over and above everything else, things like personality, energy, trust count for just as much as ability to call plays, manage the clock, or pick out the right technology trend. If you can't get the talent, your program is toast.


text:
Home >> Hong Kong
CATHOLIC NEWS OF THE WEEK . Sunday, 1 September 2019
Maryknoll centenarian goes home to the Father
HONG KONG (SE): Maryknoll Sister Paulita Hoffmann, died on March 14 at Maryknoll, New York, the United States, she was 104-years-old and had been in the consecreated life for 85 years.
Born in Cincinnati, Ohio, on 13 August 2014, she was a swimming instructor, a Red Cross volunteer and an office worker before entering the Maryknoll Congregation at the Maryknoll Motherhouse in Ossining, NY on 4 June 1933.
Her first foreign mission assignment was to Meixian, Guangdong, in 1938, where Bishop Francis Ford was the apostolic vicar. She was the last surviving sister to have worked under him. She and the other sisters would leave their convents for as long as two weeks at a time, go to nearby villages and live in friendship with the people, ascertain their needs, comfort the sick, share their food and hospitality.
Sister Hoffman endured the Civil War in China and was placed under house arrest at her convent by the communists in 1950 for 14 months, along with Sister Edith Rietz. She was freed after the death of Bishop Ford on 21 February 1952, and expelled. She arrived in Hong Kong for a short time before returning to Ossining an emergency operation, treatment and a long convalescence.
Upon her recovery she was assigned to Taiwan in 1954, where she worked for over 50 years with the Hakka and the indigenous people in Toufen in Miaoli County, Fenglin in Hualien County and Tungshih in Taichung County.
She survived a number of earthquakes, including one, centred in Tungshih—where she was at the time—that claimed some 2,000 lives in 1999.
Sister Hoffman always had an upbeat personality She knew who she was and where she wanted to end up.
In speaking of death with her English students one day, she said, "I know where I'm going and I know the way."
She returned to the Maryknoll Sisters Centre at Maryknoll, in 2004. There she served the community in a variety of volunteer ministries until 2012 when she retired.
Previous: More services needed for families of remarried couples
Next: Be missionaries Hong Kong's Catholics urged
Bishop Francis Ford
Sister Paulita Hoffmann


It's a digital world and consumers are hungry for new and reliable content. Whether you are offering goods or services, when it comes to building your online reputation; you should be focusing on quality versus quantity, what makes sense for your area of focus and where your target market follows.
Having a great website is only one step of many to building your online presence. Social Media, Blogging and proper SEO are just a few actions to consider. It's not going to be beneficial if you are throwing your name on every single medium you can think of; if you aren't being consistent and providing up-to-date information for your audience. Pick a concentrated area of focus and make it the best platform for fresh, reliable content to your ability. If you aren't updating your site weekly then Google will be less interested in your site the more "stagnate" it becomes.
Blogging is a great way to stay connected with your audience and reach numerous markets in a few clicks while also improving your website's SEO. Companies that blog have 55% more website visitors than companies that do not. Shared blogging allows social media updates without the hassle of character and word restrictions while driving traffic back to your site. In fact, shared blog posts get 68% more tweets and 22% more Facebook likes. Businesses that blog generate up to 88% more leads per month.
At Web Strategies we work with you to develop a time-saving blogging strategy that focuses on the online marketing efforts that will enhance your online reputation. Creating a new blog on your website can open new communications between you and your target markets.


text:
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[[File:archives%20wrights.jpg|300px|thumb|right|''Edwin and Violet Wright with children Robert and Denise. Source: Terry Smith, Editor, The Messenger.'']] Edwin John Wright: first minister of non-Dutch/Germanic descent to serve within the [[Evangelical Mennonite Conference (Kleine Gemeinde)|Evangelical Mennonite Conference]]; born 21 September 1913 in Cardiff, Wales. He married Violet Mae Gillespie (1918-1999) on 5 May 1942 and they had three children. Wright died in 1994. Edwin came to [[Canada|Canada]] in 1928 as a 15-year-old. He became a Christian in Canada, and trained as a minister at Lorne Park College, a Free Methodist institution in Toronto, [[Ontario (Canada)|Ontario]]. In 1939 he moved to Hassan, [[Saskatchewan (Canada)|Saskatchewan]], as a church planter under the Christian and Missionary Alliance. The next year he started services in Sturgis, Saskatchewan. He pastored churches at Vermillion, [[Alberta (Canada)|Alberta]], and Sturgis, Saskatchewan, and started the Crystal Lake Bible Camp in the 1940s. Edwin Wright met Rev. Ben D. Reimer, director of the [[Western Gospel Mission|Western Gospel Mission]], and, with no suitable Alliance positions open, Edwin and Violet entered the [[Western Gospel Mission|Western Gospel Mission]] in 1955. Wright served at [[Canora Evangelical Mennonite Church (Canora, Saskatchewan, Canada)|Canora]], Saskatchewan, and then started the work at nearby Endeavour (1960-1966). In 1965 the [[Endeavour Fellowship Chapel (Endeavour, Saskatchewan, Canada)|Endeavour]] congregation was received into the conference while Edwin was its pastor. Wright then served at [[Riverton Gospel Chapel (Riverton, Manitoba, Canada)|Riverton Gospel Chape]]l from 1966 to 1969. Perhaps part of the reason Wright was accepted into the Evangelical Mennonite Conference was that he did not enter it directly; he joined the Western Gospel Mission. Then, as Western Gospel Mission had a moderating influence on the Evangelical Mennonite Conference, wider opportunities opened for him. A half-century earlier Edwin John Wright's involvement would have been unlikely. In 1899, Kleine Gemeinde ministers were suspicious of other preachers and did not want members to attend outside meetings unless accompanied by one of its ministers. A Welshman preaching in English would not qualify to be heard, let alone serve. In the 1950s and 1960s the Evangelical Mennonite Conference was moving from German to English in services. Wright would probably not have understood German, nor would an Evangelical Mennonite Conference congregation have generally benefited from a sermon in Welsh, if he had spoken that language. Questions remain unanswered. Did Edwin and Violet Wright ever feel lonely when people spoke Low German? Did individuals question whether they fit into the conference because of their last name? Perhaps the Western Gospel Mission was circumspect in how it used language. Some Western Gospel Mission leaders viewed the term Mennonite as an obstacle. Was Edwin Wright a pacifist? Only aged 25 when World War Two began, he was perhaps exempted as a minister from military service; he both served as a pastor and married during the war. Wright later continued in ministry outside of EMC circles, pastoring in Arborg, Manitoba, and Carrot River, Saskatchewan. He working actively for the Lord till his death after a short illness in 1994. The funeral service was held on 19 October 1994 at Sturgis Evangelical Church with Pastor Gary Semenyna officiating. Violet died on 16 August 1999 at the hospital in Preeceville, Saskatchewan. She was a person of many interests in retirement: reading, music, horticulture, and poetry. Both Edwin and Violet were respected and beloved; their obituaries appeared in the EMC's magazine long after their formal conference involvements had ended. = Bibliography = "Edwin John Wright, 1913-1994." The Messenger 32, no. 20 (23 November 1994): 14. Hamm, Menno. "Endeavour Fellowship Chapel." The Messenger 33, no. 18 (25 October 1995): 5-7. Lorne Park Foundation. web. 6 February 2013. [http://www.fmc-canada.org/index.php/en/affilated-ministries/canadian-connections/lorne-park-foundation http://www.fmc-canada.org/index.php/en/affilated-ministries/canadian-connections/lorne-park-foundation]. Peters, Doreen. One Who Dared: Life Story of Ben D. Reimer, 1909-1994. Friesens, 2005: 166, 217. Plett, Harvey. Seeking to Be Faithful. Steinbach: Evangelical Mennonite Conference, 1996: 169. Smith, Terry. "From Wales to the EMC." The Messenger 48, no. 11 (October 2010): 6. "Violet Mae Wright, 1918-1999." The Messenger 37, no. 17 (6 October 1999): 13. {{GAMEO_footer|hp=|date=February 2013|a1_last=Smith|a1_first=Terry|a2_last=|a2_first=}}
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text:
My Story: I Was Stripped, Searched And Beaten Up By 30 Prison Officials
22 July 2016 8:52 AM GMT / Updated : 2020-06-10T17:38:26+05:30
Source:�Piyush Manush | Image Courtesy: indiaresists | Facebook
Source:�Piyush Manush | Image Courtesy: indiaresists | Facebook
On 18th July, we posted an article talking about the arrest of Piyush Manush, a social and an environmental activist who has been fighting for the cause of people for a long time. He was arrested for staging a protest against the construction of Mullvadi gate flyover in Salem, Tamil Nadu. Being a social activist, he had many confrontations with police, which angered them and has resulted into animosity. Piyush Manush has posted about his experience inside Jail on his timeline. Acc. to a report in The Hindu, he alleged that he was beaten up by around 30 prison officials including the Superintendent of Prisons. If true, this calls for Human Right Commission intervention and action against the policemen.
"The Assault Note in Salem Central Prison- On 8.7.2016 we were arrested in a few seconds of our embarking on a protest against the construction of Mullvadi gate flyover in Salem without acquiring land and laying of alternate roads. The protest got over in a few seconds at around 12.15 pm and we were taken to the town police station.
I requested the Town police & also the Judicial Magistrate no-1 to release my two friends and take me for remand. My appeal was turned down and three of us were arrested and sent to Salem Central Prison.
As usual, we were stripped and searched and after that an entry was made in the registry outside the main gate we were hauled in. A second-time strip search took place and suddenly a jail personnel hurriedly asked the Chief Warden to hurry up with the interview. I was asked my name, father's name, address, and caste. I replied I am a born Jain so please enter OC – Open Caste. The prison warden out of a blue dragged me to the jailor's room and took me to the Superintendent of Prison sitting in the Jailor's chair.
As soon as I opened my mouth a hard slap struck me behind and I fell near the desk. Startled I asked why the beating and the Superintendent of Prison Mr. Senthil Kumar rose from his chair and started a flurry of baton charge on me. The next thing I could see was many personnel rushing into the room and started hitting with bamboo sticks especially in the foot palm. First I was assaulted on the floor and then placed on a long iron bench and the beating would have continued for 5 to 10 minutes.
I was hauled outside by the prison staff and made to wait on the steps at the end of the corridor. After I was joined by my two friends, the SP of the prison came out & hit a tight slap on my face asking me to stop thinking henceforth.
We three were then hauled to solitary confinement in the High-Security block – HS. After this physical assault, we were charged with burning of the National Flag by the entire prison staff who receded only after reading through the newspaper reports of the events that took place in the days to come.
After five days of the first assault, on Wednesday the 13-7-2016 during block inspection, the Superintendent again assaulted with a solid slap on my face & two more by Chief Warden Thirunavukarasu. The SP slapped me by saying -what was I doing outside. He left with instructions to the staff by saying aloud that 'This fellow seems to be thinking always, hit him with one or two blows every time you all see him'.
Pain apart Humiliation is what takes its toll …"