text:
Behavioural neurogenetics laboratory
Lab meetings
Charalambos Kyriacou
I was born in Camden and spent my school years in North London. I went to Birmingham University aged 17 in 1970 and read Psychology, where one of the lecturers, David Fulker, turned my attention towards behavioural genetics. My PhD in this subject using Drosophila was carried out jointly in the Departments of Psychology and Genetics in Sheffield under the supervision of Kevin Connolly and Barrie Burnet. After spending one year in Psychology at the University of Edinburgh as a Demonstrator, I moved to Brandeis University in Boston in 1978, where I worked with Jeff Hall on the neurogenetics of sexual behaviour in flies and initiated a project on circadian clock genes in the context of courtship.
I continued this collaboration back in in Edinburgh and then Leicester with Jeff and Michael Rosbash (also at Brandeis) into the 1980s and 1990s, and was involved in their pioneering molecular analyses of fly circadian rhythm genes. This work was to win them the Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology in 2017 which they shared with Michael Young at Rockefeller. My current research interests are focused on tidal, circadian and seasonal rhythms, aggression and the effects of electromagnetic field on behaviour, working predominantly with Drosophila and Eurydice, an intertidal marine organism. My lab is funded by multiple grants from BBSRC, the European Union and the Electromagnetic Field Biological Trust. Within the department I collaborate extensively with Dr Ezio Rosato (see below) on biological rhythms and Prof Flaviano Giorgini using fly models to study Huntington's and other neurodegenerative diseases. Outside the department my main collaborators are Dr Michael Hastings (LMB, Cambridge), Dr David Wilcockson (Aberystwyth) and Prof Rodolfo Costa (Padova). cpk at le.ac.uk
Bambos' profile on Research Gate
Ezio Rosato
I studied at the University of Padova for my first degree. After military service in Rome, I won a national competition and obtained a PhD scholarship in Genetics. Although my 'Dottorato' was awarded by the University of Ferrara, my laboratory work was carried out in the Department of Biology at the University of Padova and in the Department of Genetics at the University of Leicester. I moved to Leicester permanently in 1994.
Over the years, my laboratory has been particularly involved in studying a complex behaviour, the circadian clock, in insects and in particular in the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster. We are interested in the genes that regulate the clock and we study them by characterising their function, by examining their evolution, and by analysing their expression. We are also engaged in understanding how clock neurons (neurons expressing clock genes) are organised and how circadian information flows through their network. More recently we have started analysing other complex behaviours such as learning and memory, courtship and sleep.
Another area of research we are pursuing is the study of biological rhythmicity in marine invertebrates. The marine environment is particularly complex as the interplay of circadian, lunar and tidal rhythms might influence the habitat of some species. We have analysed the circadian and tidal behaviour of the ragworm Nereis viriens and we have studied the circadian behaviour of Northern and Antarctic krill. er6 at le.ac.uk
Ezio's pofile on Research Gate
Roberto Feuda
I studied Evolutionary Biology at the University of Rome Sapienza and completed the degree with a dissertation on the phylogeography on the common mole. During my undergraduate studies, I was one of two European students funded by the Science Foundation Ireland to do a summer internship at the National University of Ireland of Maynooth, where I worked on a project on horizontal gene transfer in plants. In 2009, I was awarded a PhD fellowship from the Irish Council for Research and Engineering to work in the lab of Davide Pisani. During my PhD, I used computational methods to reconstruct the origin of vision (we identified the pattern of gene duplication that lead to the origin of opsin) and the relationships between non-bilateria metazoans. After my PhD in 2013, I spent two months in the department of Zoology in Oxford in the lab of Peter Holland to work on the pattern of evolution of opsin in insects.
During my PhD, I started to be fascinated by the problem of body plan formation and how the genomes encode for morphology. Therefore for my postdoc, I decided to learn some Experimental Biology, and so I moved to the California Institute of Technology (Caltech), to work in the laboratory of Eric Davidson. At Caltech, I worked on the evolution of photoreceptors cells and on the gene regulatory network controlling the formation of neurons in the sea urchin larvae.
In 2018, I was awarded a Royal Society University Research Fellowship, and so I moved back to Europe. After spending one year and a half in the School of Earth Science in Bristol as part of the Paleobiology group, in October 2019, I accepted a proleptic position in the Department of Genetics and Genome Biology at the University of Leicester.
In my lab, we combine experiments in different model systems (e.g. sea urchin, flies, ctenophores and cnidarians) and computation approaches (single-cell and phylogenomics) to understand two main problems 1) the evolution of the neurogenic gene regulatory network and 2) the molecular assembly of vision. rf190 at le.ac.uk
Roberto's profile on Research gate
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Helen Roe
As laboratory technician I have worked with Drosophila and looked after the health and safety and research needs of the fly groups for over 20 years. hdo at le.ac.uk
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Lin Zhang
I am a Senior Research Associate and my work has been focusing on the molecular basis of circatidal rhythm in the intertidal crustacean Eurydice pulchra for more than a decade. The work has been continuously funded by BBSRC in collaboration with Aberystwyth University (Dr DC Wilcockson), Bangor University (Prof SC Webster) and MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge (Dr MH Hastings). Unlike terrestrial organisms where the circadian ~24 h solar cycle dominates, intertidal organisms are exposed to a prominent ~12.4 h component that reflects the ebb and flow of the tides, as well as semi-lunar (spring and neap tides), lunar and solar cycles which is reflected in their endogenous circatidal rhythms of behaviour and physiology.. However, the molecular control of tidal behaviours is poorly understood. We have been using Eurydice pulchra to address a long-standing question whether the circatidal rhythm shares the same molecular components of the circadian clock, the whether the tidal cycle is distinct from circadian oscillator (Wilcockson and Zhang 2008, Zhang et al 2013, O'Neill et al, 2015). lz8 at le.ac.uk
Lin's profile on Research gate
Valeria Zonato
I have been in the fly lab for a few years. During my PhD I studied diapause in D. melanogaster, a seasonal character that allows flies to escape winter in time. I was particularly interested in natural populations, which experience different environmental stimuli as winter approaches. I analysed several genes carrying polymorphisms which allow flies to anticipate the changing of seasons. After my PhD I have been managing two Marie Sklodowska-Curie Initial Training Networks: INsecTIME and CINCHRON. These networks involve 15 laboratories in Europe and Israel, with coordination and management in Leicester. The main focus of the networks is chronobiology in insects. vz12 at le.ac.uk
Valeria's profile on Research gate
Laura Delfino
I joined the group in 2012 as a PhD student with a background in Biology and Evolutionary Biology gained through my BSc and MSc degrees at University of Padova (Italy). During my PhD in Genetics, I worked on a Drosophila model of Huntington's disease. By focusing on different phenotypes, including altered sleep/wake cycles, I interrogated the role of a genetic modifier (Rab8) as a therapeutic target for the pathology. During my PhD I started to become interested in basic aspects of circadian rhythms and thanks to a research project funded by the BBSRC, my current research aims to dissect the role of peripheral clocks in Drosophila behaviour. ld148 at le.ac.uk
Laura's profile on Research gate
Joe Watkins
I am in the third year of my NERC funded PhD and interested in how Drosophila change their behaviour and biology in response to extreme environmental factors such as temperature. I look into the diapause phenotype in response to the cold, short photoperiods experienced in winter, whereby flies halt their ovary development so as not to waste valuable resources on non-viable progeny. I also look at the locomotor response of flies under varying environmental conditions with a particular focus on the use of more 'natural' experimental conditions than traditional laboratory studies. Jcww2 at le.ac.uk
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Aurore Capillon
I come from Marseille, in the south of the France. During my studies, I specialised in biology and did a multidisciplinary master on Development, Immunology and Neurology. During my internships, I worked on memory and spatial navigation at the INMED (Mediterranean Neurology Institute) and on the effect of maternal cholesterol on lymph node development of the embryo, in the CIML (Immunology Center of Marseille Luminy). I recently moved to Leicester to start a PhD programme within the European network CINCHRON. By using state of the art genetic technologies I am dissecting the fly clock to understand how the neuronal network induces a circadian rhythm. ac767 at le.ac.uk
Abhijit Parameswaran
I hail from Peringode, a beautiful little village in the heart of Kerala, India. I was fortunate enough to join one of the premier research institutes for basic research in India, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Thiruvananthapuram. My master thesis was to decipher the role of miR-184 in the growth and development of Drosophila melanogaster. Life at IISER offered me an opportunity to understand the power of interdisciplinary research as a path to elucidate scientific problems. Nothing has been as enigmatic to me as the structure and function of the brain. I am fascinated to learn more about the genetics underlying the precise control of intricate neuronal networks. In Leicester I am part of CINCHRON. I am working on the neurogenetics of temperature compensation in the Drosophila circadian clock. ap713 at le.ac.uk
Alessandra Aleotti
I joined the lab in 2019 to conduct a PhD under the supervision of Dr Roberto Feuda. The topic of my research is the molecular origin and evolution of vision in animals. The main goal of my project is to understand when and how the fundamental components of visual systems (such as phototransduction machinery and photoreceptor cells) originated in animals. For this I will complement phylogenetic analyses with experimental approaches to explore the conformation of visual systems in early branching animals, like jellyfish and comb jellies, to provide novel insights on the early evolution of vision. aa1176 at le.ac.uk
Michael Hastings– MRC Cambridge
Flaviano Giorgini -Leicester
Rodolfo Costa -Padova
David Wilcockson and Simon Webster -Aberystwyth and Bangor University
Prof Charalambos Kyriacou:
Email: cpk at le.ac.uk
Dr Ezio Rosato:
Email: er6 at le.ac.uk
Dr Roberto Feuda:
Email: rf190 at le.ac.uk


I am, in no particular order, a knitted lace enthusiast, a scribbler, a sometimes designer, artist, taker of many photos, sun chaser, muse, lover of colour and bygone days.
I almost forgot! I released my Helstone Shawl Pattern too. I finally took the plunge and sent it out into the world. It is honestly my go to shawl pattern and I have knit it three times already and think I could probably go again. It really takes semi solid hand dyed yarns well, especially with a bit of silk content. The result is almost a liquid hug in a kaleidoscope of fairy lights. You can see how much I like it, why not try it yourself? I will add a link to my pattern tab at the top of this post.
I am seriously considering this little blog and whether or not to keep it going. I know that I have been terrible at writing blog posts in the past 12 months, but I sort of ran out of steam. I didn't run out of knitting however, but I do wonder if people are still enjoying blogs in general. For whoever is reading this, can I ask you to leave a comment, letting me know if you enjoy this? I think if I even had one person comment, it would probably give me the boost to try and be better at it! Thank you so much in advance.
Anyway, so what have I been up to? I am busy as always with both writing and knitting, they seem to be my hobbies and obsessions of choice. The two have always been there since childhood and they comfort and keep me focused like nothing else does. I might even include a little more creative writing here, if nobody has any objections. I don't like separating out blogs or pages, because then I feel twice the guilt when I don't manage to add content, hehe.
I have less free time now, that I used to but it still hasn't stopped me knitting, it has just made me careful over what projects I now choose. Currently I have a shawl almost finished. It's my own design, I'm calling it my Bantry Shawl, as the yarn was bought in Bantry Yarns, Bantry, Co. Cork in October last year, while I was at a family wedding.
The shawl is a two colour triangle, knit from the top down and is in both stocking & garter stitch, for a little contrast. The colours I chose were from The Moon and Sixpence, hand dyed by the wonderful Annie in Cork and I just love how she uses colour as her inspiration. The skeins I bought had the most beautiful names, Midnight over Whidday and Bearhies Rockpool. I just love how they sit so well together.
I am on the edging now and trying to use up the bulk of the skein. I have ripped and redesigned the edging several times now and I'm hoping third time's the charm. I can't wait to get it finished and blocked, because it is so smushy and cosy and the colours will compliment so many outfits (by that I mean my pyjamas).
I am also three quarters the way through a jumper in fair isle and I will get straight back to it once the shawl obsession has abated.
I will leave it there for now, I will be back with more updates on the shawl. Leave a comment and let me know what you are knitting, or writing even, the more the merrier.
I collect fountain pens, stationery, books, Steiff bears and I could possibly insulate my house with the amount of yarn I have amassed over the years. I knit fine lace and enter a lot of writing competitions, I hope to be attending award ceremonies in the near future. I also have a vivid imagination.
All Smiles Over This Latest Steiff Teddy Baby Find!
A Chance To Own a Stunning Lace Shawl!
Sabbatical Part 3: Arriving in Reykjavík and Hot Rivers.
Leather Satchel Co - What's in my bag?
Winter is upon us and I need more woolies!
All photos are my own unless otherwise stated, please do not use or share without permission. Ethereal theme. Theme images by blue_baron. Powered by Blogger.


On December 5, 2013 the James Blake Foundation hosted, Serving For A Cure, a charity tennis exhibition that raised money and awareness for cancer research.
James Blake and his family established the Thomas Blake Sr. Memorial Research Fund at the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in 2005 to support early detection cancer research. Thomas Blake Sr., James' father, passed away in 2004 after battling gastric cancer.
James spoke exclusively to GlamSpinTennis and was excited to report that his foundation has surpassed $1 Million in donations to the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center.
After a year off, Serving For A Cure, returned to NYC where James Blake was joined on the tennis court by former ATP World No. 1 Andy Roddick, current No. 14 John Isner, and actor Boris Kodjoe. Brooklyn Decker, Andy's wife, and former ATP pros Justin Gimelstob and Mario Ancic were also in attendance.
The glam evening featured a series of entertaining tennis matches and a live auction which benefited the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center.
Boris Kodjoe proved to be an adept tennis player, partnering with James Blake to prevail 7-5 in a one-set match versus Andy Roddick and John Isner.
Andy Roddick went on to get his revenge by beating both James Blake and John Isner in one-set singles matches.
James told GlamSpinTennis that he hopes to make Serving for a Cure, the James Blake Foundation's flagship, annual event. The Foundation also hosted a poker fundraiser earlier in 2013 and sponsored runners at the New York City Marathon which raised additional funds.
James may even run the marathon, "next year, there is talk and threats from all my friends that they might make me run it," he said, "I might be out there a long time... but, we'll see."
"Retirement is great; a lot of fun. I've been a lot busier than I thought I was going to be because I've been working on this event and chasing my daughter around. [Also] just figuring out what I want to do with the next part of my life. I've been so single-minded and so focused on tennis for the last 20 years of my life that to get away from it a little bit and find what else really inspires me is a great thing. Right now the number one thing is my family."
You can donate to the Thomas Blake Sr. Memorial Research Fund at the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, here.
Thank you to Jody and DeDe.


The trip to South End Beach takes you down Hell Hole Road. Full of potholes and the occasional hog wallow, it's quite rough.
I can understand why early settlers thought it hellish but it was paradise to me, an undisturbed maritime forest highlighted by numerous swamps and bogs.


Jenifer Bowen: Iowa — where our pro-life lawmakers and Governors have been hard at work saving the lives of as many unborn babies as possible — until abortion is no more.
Last time we looked at the first pro-life legislation signed into law in decades here in Iowa.
That 2015 Ultrasound Legislation has led to the saving of unborn babies' lives. With abortion rates dropping further the following year, this legislation has had an impact!
In November 2016, from the Presidency on down the ticket, pro-abortion candidates and incumbents suffered decisive defeats. The Iowa Senate, once suffocating to pro-life bills, flipped hard as six pro-abortion Senators were removed. 93 of our 99 counties voted against pro-abortion candidates.
Subsequently, the Iowa Legislature, Governor Branstad and Governor Reynolds would begin to pass historic pro-life legislation in 2017-2018. This included sweeping abortion restrictions and defunding a large portion of the tax dollars Planned Parenthood had been receiving here for many years.
This bill ensured that our tax-dollars moved away from the abortion industry and is sent to qualified medical clinics.
By investing these family planning dollars into community health centers and out of the abortion industry, women are now receiving more healthcare options in more areas of the state, most notably in rural Iowa.
This decisive action by lawmakers halted taxpayer subsidizing of abortion clinics, something many Iowans find unjust. We should not be forced to financially support, with our tax dollars, organizations that are morally offensive.
After a years-long battle to gain a pro-life Senate, Iowa finally succeeded in passing life-saving legislation that bans painful late-term abortions.
Iowa had been one of the most permissive states in America, allowing abortion-on-demand, through all nine months of pregnancy.
Abortion is no longer allowed in Iowa after 20 weeks., ensuring even more unborn babies protection in the womb (Source: Iowa Department of Public Health).
If you find this article encouraging, just wait until next week's issue! The 2018 legislative session was bursting with laws that protect our women and unborn children! We are excited to break each of those down with you.
Iowa — where our pro-life lawmakers and Governors have been hard at work saving the lives of as many unborn babies as possible — until abortion is no more.
Caffeinated Thoughts interviews Rod Blum, a Republican businessman, running for Congress in Iowa's 1st Congressional District.
State Sen. Joni Ernst (R-Red Oak) leads Congressman Bruce Braley (R-IA) in the latest two poll conducted in Iowa's U.S. Senate race after the GOP primary.


Thousands of Greater Manchester residents whose health makes it hard for them to work will benefit through a ground-breaking new service launched today by the Greater Manchester Combined Authority (GMCA) and Greater Manchester Health & Social Care Partnership (GMHSCP).
Working Well Early Help is the first programme of its kind in the country. It brings doctors, employers, individuals and support services together in partnership to take early action to help residents with ill health at a crucial point when they are starting to be at risk of falling out of employment or newly out of work.
Backed by England's largest ever NHS investment in local employment support, as well the European Social Fund, the £8 million scheme aims to change how health and employment services work together.
Adults of all ages across Greater Manchester who are experiencing poor health can receive up to six months of individually tailored advice and support from a dedicated caseworker to help them back to good work. This will typically include health, wellbeing and lifestyle advice; building of confidence and relevant skills and experience; and help to make changes at work or find suitable new employment.
It is estimated that 150,000 Greater Manchester residents are out of work due to their health – making up almost 2/3 of unemployed adults in the city region. For people aged 50 to 64 in particular, ill-health is the main barrier to work.
Early support, as offered by the new service, can be critical to people's future prospects. Only one in five people get back to work after being off for six months, and after two years someone is more likely to die or retire than ever return to work.
Impacts of unemployment can include poorer general health, worsened mental health, increased likelihood of dying earlier, decreased physical activity and greater alcohol and tobacco consumption.
The recent Greater Manchester Independent Prosperity Review highlighted the costs of health-related unemployment to the city region. Local adults with long-term health conditions are nearly 13% less likely to be in work. The review concluded that health and social care are key to boosting productivity, spreading prosperity and tackling disadvantage across Greater Manchester.
The new scheme will particularly benefit people working in, and running, small and medium sized enterprises. Such SMEs – which are estimated to make up over 99% of Greater Manchester's businesses – are often unable to afford traditional occupational health services. Working Well Early Help aims to fill this gap.
Mayor of Greater Manchester, Andy Burnham, and Greater Manchester's executive lead for population health, Sarah Price, launched the initiative at a special roundtable event at Oldham Library. They were joined by Richard Cienciala, deputy director of the Joint Work and Health Unit at the Department of Health and Social Care / Department for Work and Pensions, local people who have found themselves struggling in work or losing their job because of their health, and some of the frontline staff who will now be supporting thousands of residents facing the same situation.
The Working Well Early Help service builds on Greater Manchester's family of highly successful Working Well programmes, which has so far assisted more than 20,000 longer-term unemployed people with health conditions to move towards work.
The initiative is being delivered by MAXIMUS Healthworks, in a partnership between MAXIMUS and north west-based social enterprise Pathways Community Interest Company. Together they have provided decades of specialist health, wellbeing and disability support. Its impacts will be evaluated by the city region's Salford University and Sheffield Hallam University.


The virtual Lula Livre auction website is already available. The 50 images that record various moments of Lula's personal life were signed by Lula and donated by 43 photographers. The online auction is available at the website https://bit.ly/2TYgg8J.
On April 3rd, the week that marks one year of Lula's political imprisonment, the auction will be held live in São Paulo and in Paraíba, simultaneously, starting at 7:30pm. The minimum bids will be based on the amounts offered in the virtual platform.
The auction offers colored and black-and-white photos, size 30X45cm, printed on cotton paper. The minimum bid is BRL 1,313.00. The funds raised will be destined to Instituto Lula.
PARAÍBA: Hotel Xênius, Av. Cabo Branco, 1262 , Cabo Branco , João Pessoa/PB.


Goulburn's Danny Williams took the honours with four winners at Wagga last Friday, but a double for Brett Cavanough was just as significant for the leading Albury trainer.
Cavanough is determined to regain the NSW country training premiership, a title he has won twice, but is facing a challenge after a virus swept through his stable in November, forcing him to halt the training of many of his horses.
A bushfire also ravaged his spelling property near Albury before Christmas, leaving him to regroup and virtually start afresh with his big team.
It is only in the last three weeks that Cavanough has returned to the races with serious numbers. His team has quickly found form with seven winners since January 16, moving him up to fourth on the NSW country premiership with 24 wins.
Mudgee trainer Brett Thompson is setting the pace on 37 wins ahead of Paul Perry (33) and Bjorn Baker (29), but Cavanough is confident he has enough depth in his team to make a charge for the premiership now the stable is back in full swing.
"There was barely a horse in the stable that wasn't affected by the virus," Cavanough said.
"We virtually had to stop all their preparations and start again – we didn't have a starter for almost a month.
Cavanough has won the SDRA training premiership 10 times and his Wagga double extended his lead in this season's local title race to eight wins.
Danny Williams is now seventh on the NSW country premiership with 22 wins after his four winners at Wagga, continuing the great run he has enjoyed since he returned to training at Goulburn, after a stint with the Tony McEvoy stable at Hawkesbury.
Williams doesn't have the numbers to challenge for the country premiership. Instead he is focused on the $100,000 SERA Country Championship heat at Goulburn this weekend.
He will have as many as four starters and hopes at least one will qualify for the $400,000 final at Randwick on April 2.
Cavanough will make his bid for the Country Championship Final in the SDRA qualifying heat at Wagga on February 27.
The Albury trainer won last year's qualifier at Wagga with the now retired Loved Up.
Loved UP went on to win the Albury Guineas, finishing sixth in the Country Championship Final at Randwick, and second in the Wagga Town Plate before winning the Scone Guineas, a campaign that saw the filly collect more than $350,000 prize money in four starts.


text:
Scientists have found new evidence of when and how to death of the sun
Home Astronomy and space
Scientists have come up with accurate modeling that shows how the end of the central star of the solar system will occur and what fate awaits the sun after death.
The death of the sun is one of the topics that has always been a part of astronomers' research work, and scientists have predictions about how the solar system will end. However, humans are not close to such an event that they can see it up close.
In the past, astronomers thought the sun would turn into a planetary nebula when it died. A glowing bubble of gas and dust made up of star debris. But evidence shows that the star must be much more massive to form a planetary nebula. However, in 2018, an international team of astronomers re-examined the issue and found that the planetary nebula is in fact the most likely shape for the end of the sun.
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The process of the death of the sun
The sun is about 4.6 billion years old. This number is based on the age of other solar system objects formed at the same time. On the other hand, according to other star observations, astronomers predict that the star in our system will reach the end of its life in about 10 billion years.
Of course, other events take place in the path of the death of the central star of the solar system. The sun will become a red giant in about 5 billion years. The star's core shrinks, but its outer layers extend to the orbit of Mars, devouring the Earth if it is still in place.
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What is certain is that we will not exist at that time. In fact, humanity can only live on Earth for another 1 billion years, unless, as Ilan Musk envisions, a way is found to leave the planet; Because the brightness of the sun increases by about 10% every 1 billion years.
Although it may not seem like much, it is so severe that it will end life on earth. The oceans evaporate and the earth's surface becomes very hot to form liquid water. Human beings will be completely destroyed in this situation.
This is what happens with the formation of a red giant that is confirmed and difficult to change. Various studies in the past have shown that the primary star must be twice as massive as the Sun to form a glowing planetary nebula.
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Formation of a planetary nebula
But a 2018 study, the new version of which was published in the journal Nature Astronomy, used computer modeling and found that, like 90% of other stars, our sun is likely to eventually turn from a red giant to a white dwarf, forming a planetary nebula. It is part of the process of death.
"When a star dies, it launches a mass of gas and dust known as an envelope into space," said Albert Zijlstra, an astrophysicist at the University of Manchester. The envelope can have a mass of half a star. "This reveals the core of the star, which is running out of fuel at this point in the star's life."
"This way, the hot core makes the expelled envelope shine for up to 10,000 years," he said. This is what makes the Planetary Nebula visible. Some of them are so bright that they can be seen from great distances of tens of light-years. "Where the light of the star itself was much weaker to observe."
New model of planetary nebulae
The data model created by this research team actually predicts the life cycle of different types of stars to determine the brightness of the planetary nebula related to different masses of stars.
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Cat's Nebula Planet
death of the sun
Planetary nebulae are commonly seen around the world, including the Spiral Nebula, the Cat's Eye Nebula, the Ring Nebula, and the Bubble Nebula. These objects have nothing to do with planets but are so named because they were first looked like planet-like telescopes when first discovered by William Herschel in the late 18th century.
About 30 years ago, astronomers discovered a strange thing: the brightest planetary nebulae in other galaxies all have the same brightness. So, at least in theory, astronomers can calculate the distances of planetary nebulae in other galaxies by observing them.
The data from the measurements showed that this was true, but the modeling suggested something else that has occupied the minds of scientists since its discovery. "Old, low-mass stars must form much weaker planetary nebulae than younger, more massive stars, and this contradiction between observations and modeling has been a challenge for the past 25 years," Ziegelstra said.
The data say that glowing planetary nebulae can be made up of low-mass stars like the Sun, but modeling suggests this is not possible, and anything less than twice the mass of the Sun makes the Planet Nebula too weak to see.
Finally, the 2018 research models have solved this problem by showing that the Sun is near the lower limit of mass for stars that turn into planetary nebulae.
A star with a mass less than 1.1 times that of the Sun cannot form a visible nebula. Larger stars, on the other hand, will produce brighter nebulae up to three times the mass of the Sun. For all other stars in this period, the predicted brightness was very close to what was observed.
Pupil size indicates the intelligence of individuals
Accurate modeling that, as Zieglestra puts it, works well. Not only do we now have a way to measure the presence of multibillion-year-old stars in distant galaxies, a range that is very difficult to measure, but we have even figured out what the sun will look like when it dies.
Cover photo: Graphic design of the death of the sun
Credit: Science Insider
Source: Science Aelert
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
How tall is Ling Bai
Ling Bai's Height
Chinese actress known for her roles in films such as Wild Wild West, The Crow and Sky Captain and the World of Tomorrow.
Photo by PR Photos
Maitland Ward and Ling
Photo by /BigStock.com
Musetta Vander
Li Gong
5ft 6 ¼ (168 cm)
Your Guess (Optional) 5ft 15ft 1 ¼5ft 1 ½5ft 1 ¾5ft 25ft 2 ¼5ft 2 ½5ft 2 ¾5ft 35ft 3 ¼5ft 3 ½5ft 3 ¾5ft 45ft 4 ¼5ft 4 ½5ft 4 ¾5ft 5
Average Guess (6 Votes)
Realist said on 25/Nov/20
She is good looking 5'3
Smart_Waiter said on 22/Dec/08
She is genuinely Bi-Sexual so that has put me off her but she was good in that Richard Gere 'Red Corner' film.
She is skinny so maybe less than 5'3".
Slappy said on 11/May/08
I don't care if she is a scant 2 feet tall.... This is just as a little reminder of amazingly hot Bai Ling really is
Felix said on 5/Mar/08
Bai is her surname, Ling is given name. Chinese tradition is to put surname in front. She was born in 1961, about 160cm.
anon said on 7/Jan/08
Ichiro actually didn't want to have the name Ichiro on the back of his jersey, but it was more marketable, as Suzuki is one of the most common last names in Japan.
Jason said on 29/Nov/06
F*uck, you are a lucky guy. Did you get any pics with her???
antron said on 3/Oct/06
Anon is right, for example. Ichiro of Seattle Mariners fame. Since in Japan his name would be Suzuki Ichiro (family/surname first), he is allowed to have "Ichiro" (his familiar name) on the rear of his jersey. This title is appropriate, though not necessarily pragmatic if you were looking for her on the site. She's really like a D list celeb though, so meh.
MMK said on 16/Sep/06
I saw her when shopping in Beverly Hills. She was wearing like 4 inch heels and was the same height as me in 1/4 inch or less sandals. I'm 5' 51/2" barefoot, so I was about 5' 6".
BTW, this girl does wear some weird clothes. She looked ridiculous.
Serene said on 1/Jun/06
Her name is Bai Ling. Everyone calls her like that.
One more thing she doesn't look any taller than 5'3"..
Mae said on 20/Apr/06
I found these pictures of Bai Ling by Jodie Foster. Maybe she really is around 5'3.5" Unfortunately, we can't see the heels of their shoes.
Bill said on 29/Mar/06
She uses both names and def under 5-3
hiya said on 10/Nov/05
It'd be interesting to see a picture of Bai Ling (5'3") and Natalie Portman (5'4")next to each other. They both look a bit shorter than 5'3".
Neal Bledsoe


text:
// @flow

import { Service } from 'alaska';

/**
 * @class FeedbackService
 */
class FeedbackService extends Service {
  constructor(options?: Alaska$Service$options) {
    options = options || { dir: '', id: '' };
    options.id = options.id || 'alaska-feedback';
    options.dir = options.dir || __dirname;
    super(options);
  }
}

export default new FeedbackService();

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: How to insert line break + tabulation in a Nano text editor? Replace
 with a line break in Nano. Tried to Atom - dies. I Inserted \n, \r, \n\r but, inserted simply as characters. How do I insert a line break + taboolation? File is .Html.
Example:
Hello
Hello
Hello

Result:
Hello
   Hello
   Hello

A: You need to use something like vim instead of nano.
Open the file using vim and press esc and then type:
:s/
/\r\t/g

and then press enter
To save the file and exit, run the following sequence of keys which will write the file (save) and quit vim:
press esc and then type:
:wq

and then press enter
Click here to view a related question which explains why this cannot be done using nano.

Alternatively, you could use sed to edit the file.
Here is an example:
I will use the example filename "HELLO":
sed -i 's/
/\n\t/g' HELLO

Furthermore, if you want to create a file instead, you can run the following command to create the file by piping the output of sed to a file using tee:
echo 'Hello
Hello
Hello' | sed 's/
/\n\t/g' | tee HELLO

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
YouTube TV news
Nick Jr spoofs Game of Thrones in Ben & Holly's Little Kingdom pre-school trailer (video)
Rik Henderson | 27 September 2013
Nick Jr, the channel for pre-school children and toddlers from Nickelodeon, is trailing a new series of its popular cartoon series Ben & Holly's Little Kingdom using the music and style of Game of Thrones.
The opening sequence of the mature HBO series is translated into the setting of the kids' show, which features a fairy called Holly and an elf called Ben. Clearly the Nick Jr promo team are big fans and realise that parents sit with their children watching the channel too.
So, if you're hankering for a hit of Game of Thrones before season four, have a watch of the trailer. It makes us want to see the new series of Ben & Holly too, which starts on the channel in the UK in October. But then, we probably would have anyway.
Now all we need is a jelly flood the other side of The Wall (ask any parent of a young child to explain that one).
Ben & Holly's Little Kingdom is a show from the same maker of Peppa Pig and uses many of the same voice actors. You can also get Ben & Holly apps for iPhone, iPod touch and iPad, including former Pocket-lint App of the Day Big Star Fun and Magic School. Both are available on iTunes for £2.99 each.
Sections YouTube Apps TV


Inscriptions: b.c. handwritten in pen: "Corita"; b.c. handwritten in pen: "ed 200"; verso, l.l. handwritten in pencil: "77-3"; l.l. handwritten in pencil: "111"
"out of the darkness." Corita Kent in the Grunwald Center Collection. Los Angeles: Hammer Museum, 2017. https://hammer.ucla.edu/collections/grunwald-center-collection/corita-kent/art/out-of-the-darkness/.


text:
Montana Western Hosts 52nd Annual Rodeo Banquet
The 52nd Annual Montana Western Rodeo Banquet will be held on Friday, April 1st, 2022, at 5:30 p.m. in the Keltz Arena. This year's "Friends of UMW Rodeo" honorees will be Race and Shelly King.
"Race King has been instrumental in supporting the Montana Western Rodeo Team for over 15 years. As Ranch and Practice Facilities Manager at the La Cense Ranch, he supported UMW student-athletes as they trained and practiced for each year's rodeo season," said Head Rodeo Coach, J.T. Robbins.
Currently, King is Ranch Manager at the Selkirk Division of Matador Ranch and Cattle Company where the Montana Western Rodeo Team is practicing for the upcoming spring season.
"The Kings have been instrumental in supporting our Rodeo Team. Race has supported the talents and pursuits of our student-athletes for many years. Shelly has served as the EMT at our home rodeos, and is passionate about supporting UMW. We couldn't be more grateful for everything they've done for our students," said Montana Western Head Rodeo Coach, J.T. Robbins. "We are excited to have the opportunity to have the Annual Rodeo Banquet this spring after two years of not being able to host it due to the pandemic; it means so much for the students and the community and is a large part of the Montana Western Rodeo Team experience."
The first rodeo of the spring season will take place at Montana State University in Bozeman April 7-10th, 2022.
"I am proud of our team and how hard they have been working to prepare for the spring opening rodeo. We are excited to get the season started," said Robbins.
The funds generated from the Rodeo Banquet help offset travel expenses during the regular season and CNFR. Additionally, banquet proceeds assist in providing scholarships for UMW rodeo student-athletes.
A limited number of tickets are still available and can be purchased by calling the University of Montana Western Foundation at 406-683-7306.
Montana Western & Bank of Commerce Performing Arts Series to Present "Every Brilliant Thing"
UMW and MCH to Host Annual Colt Challenge and Sale
Missoula Children's Theater to Present "Aladdin" at UMW


* without OOB, e.g., NOR flash.
@@ -40,3 +40,4 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_IPV6_TUNNEL) += ip6_tunnel.
comment "MII PHY device drivers"
selection is under the control of GPIO lines.
PCI devices from a PCI backend to support PCI driver domains.
@@ -60,6 +60,8 @@ source "drivers/pinctrl/Kconfig"
@@ -62,6 +62,8 @@ source "drivers/pinctrl/Kconfig"


Russian archers have dominated the men's individual recurve standing event at the London Paralympics, occupying all three spots on the podium.
Timur Tuchinov claimed the gold medal by topping compatriot Oleg Shestakov 7-3 in the final.
Another Russian, Mikhail Oyun, gave no chance to Eric Bennett of the US (6-0) in the battle for the bronze medal.
The progress of the country's Paralympic archers has been amazing during the last four years as they left Beijing 2008 without a single medal in the bag.
Meanwhile, Team Russia have climbed to third spot in the overall medals count at the London Paralympics, with 14 gold, 15 silver and 10 bronze medals.


1.Used for aluminum profile end processing and suitable for various profiles.
2.Clamp one time can process several profiles, which increases the processing efficiency.
3.Convenient tool adjustment to meet different processing requirement.There has a adjust gauge so it is more exactly for adjusting.
4.Need not ordering tools when process various profiles, thus can decrease cost and save time.
5.Large tool diameter, high milling speed and good processing result.
6.Our machine is specially designed with safe guards, and they clip the profiles tight, even when electricity is cut off suddenly, so it can ensure the operators' safety.


text:
Q: React: function return before fetch finish When i call the function ShowUserPanel() i also call the getUsers function that gives me the data that i have to insert in the var rows that is necessary to populate the table. The problem is that the ShowUserPanel function return the empty table without the data, but if i go to another page and comeback the table is populated, i don't know how to populate the table at the call of the funciton.
function createData(name, surname, username, email) {
    return { name, surname, username, email };
}

var rows = []

function getUsers(_callback) {
    fetch(conn, {
        method: 'POST',
        headers: {
            'Accept': 'application/json',
            'Content-Type': 'application/json',
        },
        body: JSON.stringify({
            username: localStorage.getItem("username"),
        })
    }).then((response) => response.json())
        .then((responseJson) => {
            var name = new Array(responseJson[0]);
            var surname = new Array(responseJson[1]);
            var username = new Array(responseJson[2]);
            var email = new Array(responseJson[3]);
            var count = name[0]['length'];
            var temp = new Array();
            var i = 0;
            while (i <= count) {
                temp.push(createData(name[0][i], surname[0][i], username[0][i], email[0][i]));
                i++;
            }
            rows = temp;
            _callback();
        }).catch((error) => {
        console.error(error.toString());
    });
}

export default function ShowUserPanel() {
    getUsers(function () {
        console.log('finish');
    });
    const classes = useStyles();

    return (

SHOW USERS

                <UserButtonList/>

                <Card style={{
                    width: '100%',
                    height: '100%',
                    marginTop: '10px',
                    backgroundColor: 'transparent',
                    color: 'white'
                }}>
                    <TableContainer component={Paper}>

                            <TableHead>
                                <TableRow>

                                </TableRow>
                            </TableHead>
                            <TableBody>
                                {rows.map((row) => (

                                    </StyledTableRow>
                                ))}
                            </TableBody>

                    </TableContainer>
                </Card>

    );
}

A: you need to use useEffect for the function call and use a state to keep rows data like this:
function createData(name, surname, username, email) {
  return { name, surname, username, email };
}

export default function ShowUserPanel() {
  const [rows, setRows] = useState([]); // <-- Add [] as default value

  useEffect(() => {
    function getUsers(_callback) {
      fetch(conn, {
        method: "POST",
        headers: {
          Accept: "application/json",
          "Content-Type": "application/json"
        },
        body: JSON.stringify({
          username: localStorage.getItem("username")
        })
      })
        .then(response => response.json())
        .then(responseJson => {
          var name = new Array(responseJson[0]);
          var surname = new Array(responseJson[1]);
          var username = new Array(responseJson[2]);
          var email = new Array(responseJson[3]);
          var count = name[0]["length"];
          var temp = new Array();
          var i = 0;
          while (i <= count) {
            temp.push(
              createData(name[0][i], surname[0][i], username[0][i], email[0][i])
            );
            i++;
          }
          setRows(temp);
          _callback();
        })
        .catch(error => {
          console.error(error.toString());
        });
    };

    getUsers(function() {
      console.log("finish");
    });

  }, []);
  const classes = useStyles();

  return
Your HTML

A: Issue :
You are updating rows variable , and it is being updated but react doesn't care about it, for re rendering if you want to re-render the component you can make use of state and any change on that will cause the re-render, that's why you are not getting updated dom on first time, but when you get back to this page there is already data loaded from previous request you made, so It will display it.

Solution :
Here you go, you can do something like this with the help of useState and useEffect, please do read comments , hope that will make all things clear to you
// var rows = [] // <----- Remove this

function getUsers(_callback){
    fetch(conn, {
            method: 'POST',
            headers: {
                'Accept': 'application/json',
                'Content-Type': 'application/json',
            },
            body: JSON.stringify({
                username: localStorage.getItem("username"),
            })

            }).then((response) => response.json())
                .then((responseJson) => {
                var name = new Array(responseJson[0]);
                var surname = new Array(responseJson[1]);
                var username = new Array(responseJson[2]);
                var email = new Array(responseJson[3]);
                var count = name[0]['length'];
                var temp = new Array();
                var i = 0;
                while(i <= count){
                    temp.push(createData(name[0][i], surname[0][i], username[0][i], email[0][i]));
                    i++;
                }
                rows = temp;
                _callback(rows); // <----------- HERE, passing back data
                }).catch((error) => {
                    console.error(error.toString());
                });
}

export default function ShowUserPanel() {

    const [rows,setRows] = useState([]) // <----- We'll need state to re-render

    useEffect(() => { // <----- Need useEffect for lifecycle hooks
        getUsers(function(rowsData){ // <----- getting data back from function to set state and re-render with it
            console.log('finish');
            setRows(rowsData); // <----- Setting up state, so react will know to re render
        });
    },[]); // <----- HERE, for once time load only ( on mount only )

    const classes = useStyles();

    return (
        ...
    );
}


Our Premium Pennant is a throwback to the classic wool pennant. Oversized pennant measures 40″ in length. Cool, retro styling pays tribute to the team's rich history. Made of premium quality felt and cut in a traditional pennant shape. Full color, crisp, and vibrant graphics. Durable enough to roll and go when you're at the game, and it looks great when you get home. Official team logos and colors. Licensed by the league and the team. Made in the USA.


London, 8 April - Under the headline "Open - with Strings Attached", the British business daily Financial Times points to a rather scarce inflow of FDI to Slovenia, identifying what it dubs Slovenia's paradoxical, open-but-closed economy. The daily furthermore investigates how healthy the Slovenian economy is.
The news item consists of 2.021 characters (without spaces) or 387 words words.


text:
China's Public Security Controls its Health Code Data
Recently, Epoch Times has obtained several internal Chinese Communist Party documents showing that, in the CCP virus pandemic, China's Ministry of Public Security controls the digital QR code or "health code" data people provide through WeChat. There are concerns about people's privacy and their personal information. Such data includes those foreigners who visit China by flying there on Chinese airlines.
At present, people in mainland China must scan and register their local "health code" when entering major shopping malls, hospitals, and other public places. The "health code" is a QR code that mainland Chinese generally apply for through Tencent's WeChat or Alibaba's Alipay. The "health code" has three colors, green, yellow, or red, which indicates the person's health status. A green code enables its holder to move about unrestricted. Someone with a yellow code will be asked to stay home for seven days. The red code means a two-week quarantine.
Epoch Times has obtained government pandemic control documents from the Baoding City, Hebei Province; Anxin County, Hebei Province; and Heilongjiang Province Health Commissions. These documents raise concerns about privacy and the security of personal data.
These documents show that WeChat is used for the designated application for the "Health Code" in Hebei Province. China's Ministry of Public Security and its local departments control WeChat's "Health Code" data. The government document obtained for Anxin County states that, while the local Pandemic Prevention and Control Team is responsible for organizing and coordinating related work and work promotion, the Public Security Bureau is responsible for big data analysis, mining, and the in-depth application of the "health code."
Heilongjiang Province launched the international version on March 17. This version requires users to enter data through the WeChat program, and then tie the health code that is given to the mobile phone number which performs real-name authentication. Tencent stated that "the international version brings foreigners into the unified health management system." The Heilongjiang Provincial Health Commission's document issued on March 23 reveals that when using the health code system, it is necessary to communicate actively with the Heilongjiang Provincial Public Security Department and Tencent.
The state media China News Weekly reported on April 27, 2020, that, according to a Hangzhou City Health Code official, "The moment you open the health code, the big data in the background has undergone countless calculations and comparisons."
Source: Epoch Times, August 13, 2020
https://www.epochtimes.com/gb/20/8/14/n12329397.htm
Lianhe Zaobao: Mainland Banks in HK Complied with U.S. Sanctions
HKET: U.S. Reconnaissance Aircraft Challenged China's Bottom Line


text:
Questa pagina raccoglie i dati riguardanti la Salernitana Sport nelle competizioni ufficiali della stagione 1980-1981.

Stagione

La quasi totalità dei calciatori, in seguito alla messa in mora della società nella precedente stagione, si svincola dai propri contratti, sicché l'organico viene ricostruito praticamente da zero. Per cominciare il nuovo ciclo viene scelto Lamberto Leonardi come allenatore.

Fatta la squadra e scelto l'allenatore il presidente Grieco si dimette, e a gennaio viene sostituito da Filippo Troisi. La stagione comincia bene, sia in Coppa Italia Semiprofessionisti ove giunge sino ai quarti di finale per poi essere eliminata nel derby contro la Cavese, sia in campionato ove inizialmente è nelle prime posizioni in classifica.

Il terremoto del 23 novembre che colpisce le province di Avellino, Potenza e Salerno porta naturalmente la questione calcistica in secondo piano. Lo Stadio Vestuti diventa un centro di accoglienza, i giocatori lasciano gli allenamenti e si allontanano dalla città per una decina di giorni, poi le attività calcistiche riprendono, ma lo spirito vincente di inizio stagione è ormai andato scemando.

Inizia una lunga serie negativa di risultati che porta la squadra in zona retrocessione, e quest'ultima appare inevitabile. Nel corso di una gara in casa contro la  l'arbitro Tuveri prende alcune decisioni dubbie, la rete di recinzione dei distinti barcolla, e induce il direttore di gara a scappare negli spogliatoi (e poi a fuggire su un elicottero dei Carabinieri) non prima di subire un'ombrellata da parte di Picentino, vicepresidente della Salernitana. Le conseguenze dell'accaduto saranno pesanti: sconfitta a tavolino e 7 mesi di squalifica del campo di gioco. Il vicepresidente non sarà riconosciuto dall'arbitro, e quindi non riceverà né multe né squalifiche.

Al termine della partita a Giulianova (terz'ultima di campionato) il medico sociale della Salernitana, Bruno Tescione, viene stroncato da un infarto.

La Salernitana riesce a salvarsi grazie al pareggio di Terni all'ultima giornata.

Divise

Lo sponsor ufficiale per la stagione 1980-1981 è Antonio Amato. La prima maglia è interamente granata chiaro e riporta il nome dello sponsor ufficiale, mentre la seconda divisa è interamente bianca.

Rosa

Risultati

Campionato

Girone di andata

Girone di ritorno

Note

Voci correlate
Storia dell'Unione Sportiva Salernitana 1919

Collegamenti esterni
Serie C 1980-1981 - SalernitanaStory.it

 1981

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
HOBBS & SHAW Spin-off Lands DEADPOOL 2 Director
Donald Lambert
The Hobbs & Shaw spin-off has been an exciting prospect since it was announced last year.
Now, we finally have a director attached to the project. According to EW, Deadpool 2 director David Leitch will helm the spin-off from the Fast & Furious franchise. The film will reunite Dwayne Johnson's Luke Hobbs and Jason Statham's Deckard Shaw for the first time since last year's The Fate of the Furious.
The official Fast & Furious Twitter account also confirmed the news.
Please welcome David Leitch as the director of the Fast & Furious Hobbs and Shaw spinoff. pic.twitter.com/RnpN0RMko9
— #F9 (@TheFastSaga) April 12, 2018
Leitch was rumored to be in talks to direct the film earlier this year and it finally being confirmed is a welcome surprise. The dynamic between Hobbs and Shaw has been one of the major highlights of the last two Fast & Furious films, so to bring in the action-focused Leitch to helm the project makes us even more excited for the film.
Fast & Furious franchise veteran Chris Morgan has turned in a script for the film, but no plot details are known at this time. We'll certainly be keeping an eye on this one!
Hobbs & Shaw is scheduled to release on July 26, 2019.
What do you guys think of David Leitch directing Hobbs & Shaw?
Sources: EW/Fast & Furious
donaldlambert1989@gmail.com
InDavid Leitch, Fast and Furious, Hobbs & Shaw
Previous post Dwayne Johnson Provides Updates on JUMANJI Sequel and DOC SAVAGE
Next post RTF Box Office Forecast: RAMPAGE Will Take Top Spot, But Will That Be Enough?
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Next post:RTF Box Office Forecast: RAMPAGE Will Take Top Spot, But Will That Be Enough?


text:
Хуан Хосе Франсиско де Самано-и-Урибарри де Ребольар-и-Масорра (, 1753—1821) — испанский военный и колониальный администратор, последний реальный вице-король Новой Гранады.

Биография
Происходил из семьи с военными традициями. В 1771 году стал кадетом, в 1779 году получил звание лейтенанта. Пять лет был профессором математики в военной академии в Барселоне.

В 1780 году отправился в Индии, где сначала служил на Пуэрто-Рико, потом на Кубе, и в итоге — в Картахене-де-Индиас. В 1785 году вернулся в Европу. В 1789 году был произведён в капитаны, участвовал в войнах против революционной Франции под командованием генерала Вентуры Каро.

В 1794 году по собственному желанию был вновь переведён в Новую Гранаду. В 1806 году был губернатором Риоачи, где отбил британское нападение. В 1809 году вместе с 30 кавалеристами отправился из Риоачи в Боготу, где пошёл добровольцем к вице-королю Амар-и-Борбону для борьбы против повстанцев.

В момент провозглашения независимости Новой Гранады 20 июля 1810 года Хуан Хосе де Самано находился в Боготе в качестве полковника во главе Вспомогательного батальона. 21 июля он сдал командование и вернулся в Испанию.

Из Испании Самано был вновь отправлен в Америку, где регион, подчинённый Королевской аудиенсии Кито 11 октября 1811 года также провозгласил независимость и образовал Государство Кито. В составе королевских войск он участвовал в разгроме повстанцев, после чего этот регион стал базой для наступления на Новую Гранаду с юга. В 1813 году губернатор Торибио Монтес поставил Самано во главе войск, наступающих на север. 1 июля 1813 года Самано взял Попаян и был произведён в бригадные генералы. Однако затем он потерпел поражение от Антонио Нариньо и бежал в Пасто, где был вынужден сдать командование Мельчору де Аймеричу.

После возвращения в Кито Самано был поставлен во главе новой экспедиции в Новую Гранаду и 29 июня 1816 года одержал решающую победу при Эль-Тамбо над силами Либорио Мехии. 1 июля 1816 года его войска вновь вошли в Попаян.

После производства в маршалы Пабло Морильо сделал Самано генерал-комендантом Новой Гранады. 23 октября 1816 года Самано прибыл в Боготу и, не дожидаясь одобрения от вице-короля Франсиско Монтальвы, развернул репрессии против повстанцев, учредив Постоянный Военный Совет (уполномоченный выносить повстанцам смертные приговоры), Совет по Чисткам (уполномоченный судить повстанцев, не заслуживающих смертного приговора) и Совет по Конфискациям (уполномоченный изымать имущество тех, кто скомпрометировал себя участием в восстании).

В августе 1817 года Самано был назначен вице-королём восстановленного вице-королевства Новая Гранада. 9 марта 1818 года он официально принял дела у Франсиско Монтальвы и вступил в должность.

9 август 1819 года в Боготу пришли известия о разгроме местных войск в сражении при Бояке. Самано бежал в Картахену, которая, однако, отказалась признать его власть (режим репрессий сделал его очень непопулярным). Он отплыл на Ямайку, однако затем вернулся в Панаму (входившую тогда в состав Новой Гранады), где, не имея ни военной, ни административной власти, скончался, ожидая разрешения вернуться в Испанию.

Примечания

Ссылки
 Биография на сайте «La web de las biografias»

Вице-короли Новой Гранады


text:
#include "LCTermInfosWriter.h"
#include "NSString+Additions.h"
#include "GNUstep.h"

/** This stores a monotonically increasing set of <Term, TermInfo> pairs in a
Directory.  A TermInfos can be written once, in order.  */
@interface LCTermInfosWriter (LCPrivate)
- (id) initWithDirectory: (id <LCDirectory>) directory
				 segment: (NSString *) segment
			  fieldInfos: (LCFieldInfos *) fis
				interval: (int) interval
				 isIndex: (BOOL) isIndex;
@end

@implementation LCTermInfosWriter

- (id) init
{
	self = [super init];
	ASSIGN(lastTerm, AUTORELEASE([[LCTerm alloc] initWithField: @"" text: @""]));
	ASSIGN(lastTi, AUTORELEASE([[LCTermInfo alloc] init]));
	size = 0;

	// TODO: the default values for these two parameters should be settable from
	// IndexWriter.  However, once that's done, folks will start setting them to
	// ridiculous values and complaining that things don't work well, as with
	// mergeFactor.  So, let's wait until a number of folks find that alternate
	// values work better.  Note that both of these values are stored in the
	// segment, so that it's safe to change these w/o rebuilding all indexes.

	/** Expert: The fraction of terms in the "dictionary" which should be stored
		* in RAM.  Smaller values use more memory, but make searching slightly
		* faster, while larger values use less memory and make searching slightly
		* slower.  Searching is typically not dominated by dictionary lookup, so
		* tweaking this is rarely useful.*/
	indexInterval = 128;

	/** Expert: The fraction of {@link TermDocs} entries stored in skip tables,
		* used to accellerate {@link TermDocs#skipTo(int)}.  Larger values result in
		* smaller indexes, greater acceleration, but fewer accelerable cases, while
		* smaller values result in bigger indexes, less acceleration and more
		* accelerable cases. More detailed experiments would be useful here. */
	skipInterval = 16;

	lastIndexPointer = 0;
	isIndex = NO;

	other = nil;
	return self;
}

- (id) initWithDirectory: (id <LCDirectory>) directory
				 segment: (NSString *) segment
			  fieldInfos: (LCFieldInfos *) fis
				interval: (int) interval
{
	self = [self initWithDirectory: directory
						   segment: segment
						fieldInfos: fis
						  interval: interval
						   isIndex: NO];
        // Other is own only for !isIndex
	ASSIGN(other, AUTORELEASE([[LCTermInfosWriter alloc] initWithDirectory: directory
													   segment: segment
													fieldInfos: fis
													  interval: interval
													   isIndex: YES]));
	[other setOther: self];
	return self;
}

- (void) setOther: (LCTermInfosWriter *) o
{
	other = o; //Don't retain
}

- (id) initWithDirectory: (id <LCDirectory>) directory
				 segment: (NSString *) segment
			  fieldInfos: (LCFieldInfos *) fis
				interval: (int) interval
				 isIndex: (BOOL) isi
{
	self = [self init];
    indexInterval = interval;
    ASSIGN(fieldInfos, fis);
    isIndex = isi;
    NSString *s;
    if (isIndex)
    {
	    s = [segment stringByAppendingPathExtension: @"tii"];
    }
    else
    {
	    s = [segment stringByAppendingPathExtension: @"tis"];
    }
    ASSIGN(output, [directory createOutput: s]);
    [output writeInt: LCTermInfos_FORMAT]; //write format
    [output writeLong: 0];                          // leave space for size
    [output writeInt: indexInterval];             // write indexInterval
    [output writeInt: skipInterval];              // write skipInterval
    return self;
}

- (void) dealloc
{
	DESTROY(lastTerm);
	DESTROY(lastTi);
	if (!isIndex)
          DESTROY(other);
	DESTROY(fieldInfos);
	DESTROY(output);
	[super dealloc];
}

/** Adds a new <Term, TermInfo> pair to the set.
Term must be lexicographically greater than all previous Terms added.
TermInfo pointers must be positive and greater than all previous.*/
- (void) addTerm: (LCTerm *) term termInfo: (LCTermInfo *) ti
{
	//NSLog(@"LCTermInfosWriter addTerm %@", term);
	if (!isIndex && [term compare: lastTerm] != NSOrderedDescending)
    {
        NSLog(@"lastTerm %@, term %@", lastTerm, term);
	    NSLog(@"term out of order");
	    return;
    }
    if ([ti freqPointer] < [lastTi freqPointer])
    {
	    NSLog(@"freqPointer out of order");
	    return;
    }
    if ([ti proxPointer] < [lastTi proxPointer])
    {
	    NSLog(@"proxPointer out of order");
	    return;
    }

    if (!isIndex && size % indexInterval == 0)
    {
		/* Take care the first term while lastTerm == nil */
		/* LuceneKit: lucene doesn't care this */
		if (size == 0)
			[other addTerm: term termInfo: ti];
		else
			[other addTerm: lastTerm termInfo:  lastTi];     // add an index term
    }

    [self writeTerm: term];                                    // write term
    [output writeVInt: [ti documentFrequency]];             // write doc freq
    long delta = [ti freqPointer] - [lastTi freqPointer];
    [output writeVLong: delta]; // write pointers
    delta = [ti proxPointer] - [lastTi proxPointer];
    [output writeVLong: delta];

    if ([ti documentFrequency] >= skipInterval) {
		[output writeVInt: [ti skipOffset]];
    }

    if (isIndex) {
		[output writeVLong: [[other output] offsetInFile] - lastIndexPointer];
		lastIndexPointer = [[other output] offsetInFile]; // write pointer
    }

    [lastTi setTermInfo: ti];
    size++;
}

- (LCIndexOutput *) output
{
	return output;
}

- (void) writeTerm: (LCTerm *) term
{
	int start = [[lastTerm text] positionOfDifference: [term text]];
	int length = [[term text] length] - start;

    [output writeVInt: start];                   // write shared prefix length
    [output writeVInt: length];                  // write delta length
    [output writeChars: [term text] start:  start length: length];  // write delta chars

    [output writeVInt: [fieldInfos fieldNumber: [term field]]]; // write field num

    /* Cache lastTerm. DO NOT use ASSIGN() because term might change */
    //ASSIGN(lastTerm, term);
    [lastTerm setField: [term field]];
    [lastTerm setText: [term text]];
}

/** Called to complete TermInfos creation. */
- (void) close
{
	[output seekToFileOffset: 4];          // write size after format
	[output writeLong: size];
	[output close];

    if (!isIndex)
	    [other close];
}

- (int) skipInterval
{
	return skipInterval;
}

@end


Each book tells a terrifying and thrilling story from history through the eyes of a boy who lived to tell the tale.
Laura Joffe Numeroff has delighted young children with her If You Give A series since 1985. It began with IF YOU GIVE A MOUSE A COOKIE... about a little traveler who drops in for a snack and the mayhem that results when he asks for much more than you expect. This was followed by a moose that loves muffins, a pig that loves pancakes and even more about the beloved little mouse. These delightful tales have simple storylines and charming illustrations that will have parents and children giggling together from beginning to end.
When Librarian Valerie Tremt tells three students that one of the library books, THE BOOK OF MEMORIES, is actually a time travel portal, the kids don't believe her at first. But when they ask to see a dinosaur as proof and suddenly there is a terrifying T-Rex in the library, they realize she isn't kidding around. Join on them on their hilarious time-travelling adventures.
When best friends Dak Smyth and Sera Froste discover the key to time travel --- the Infinity Ring --- they're swept up in a centuries-long secret war for the fate of mankind. Recruited by the Hystorians, a secret society that dates back to Aristotle, the kids learn that history has gone disastrously off course — and it's up to them to fix it, with the help of teenage Hystorian-in-training Riq.


text:
Views about same-sex marriage among the Unaffiliated who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month by religious group
Views about same-sex marriage among the Unaffiliated who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month by religious group (2014) Switch to: Religious family among the Unaffiliated who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month by views about same-sex marriage
% of the Unaffiliated who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who …same-sex marriage


Wadley Pullman from Trane West Virginia writes….Dear Hugh: I heard on the news today that hot air ballooning is on the rise in this country….Will that contribute to inflation? I'm just kinda wanting to float these questions that give rise to some serious thought. I hope this subject won't fall flat. Hugh, you have meant so little to me and my family,…please take this opportunity to say something worthwhile.
Howdy Wadley………………..I have never in my life gotten a blathering bunch of mumbo jumbo like you have foisted upon us with this post.
How long has it been since you had your head examined…? HMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM.?
I certainly hope that you will see one of the shrinks that my team will reccccccommend for you. If knot,…….just call me personally and I will counsel you through this tumultuous time of mental decline.


The Collécion de Autor by Gin Mare is a Mediterranean Gin: Italian basil, thyme from Greece, Turkish rosemary, citrus and Spanish olives these are the ingredients of its aroma. It combines admirably the classic hints of Gin, such as juniper, coriander and cardamom, with precious Mediterranean nuances. Excellent for cocktails and long drinks.
THE GIN The Collécion de Autor by Gin Mare is a Mediterranean Gin : Italian basil, thyme from Greece, Turkish rosemary, citrus and Spanish olives these are the ingredients of its aroma. It combines admirably the classic hints of Gin, such as juniper, coriander and cardamom, with precious Mediterranean nuances. Excellent for cocktails and long drinks. THE DISTILLERY Marc and Manuel Giro represent the third family generation active in the production of Gin. The two, thanks to the collaboration that has been established with the Global Premium Brands, currently produce the Gin Mare, which is distributed worldwide from Spain. Obtained by means of a discontinuous distillation process, carried out in a 250-liter Florentine alembic, the Gin Mare is born letting macerate eight different botanical components, which remain in infusion in the spirit from 24 to 48 hours. Subsequently, it is the master distiller that mixes the aromatized distillates, arriving to propose a Gin with unique and unusual organoleptic characteristics, particularly suitable for the preparation of original cocktails and tasty long drinks. The selection of botanical components is careful and accurate, so each element comes from different countries: in detail, the basil is strictly Italian, the thyme comes directly from Greece, the rosemary waves the Turkish flag, while the citrus fruits and the olives are Spanish . To all this are added the classic elements of Gin, such as juniper, coriander and cardamom, which together with the precious Mediterranean nuances, seem almost to lead the mind directly along the coasts of what has always been considered the cradle of Western civilization. This is essentially the Gin Mare "Colleción de Autor", the first authentic Mediterranean Gin, which alone is paving the way for a new generation of spirits. We are talking, in fact, of a Premium Gin, son of raw materials of the highest quality and the result of rigorous craftsmanship, where all the elements come to harmonize in a totally balanced. It is a Gin, the one produced by Marc and Manuel Giro, capable of offering a taste experience outside the traditional patterns of the Gin itself. A distillate, the Gin Mare, that starting from the aesthetics of the bottle to get to sensory experiences, gives emotions not to be missed.
Tasting Color: Crystal clear and transparent. Bouquet: herbaceous notes and spicy nuances, memories of tomato leaves, rosemary, citrus and black olives. Taste: tasty, with fresh coriander and juniper. Excellent length.
Marc and Manuel Giro represent the third family generation active in the production of Gin. The two, thanks to the collaboration that has been established with the Global Premium Brands, currently produce the Gin Mare, which is distributed worldwide from Spain.
Obtained by means of a discontinuous distillation process, carried out in a 250-liter Florentine alembic, the Gin Mare is born letting macerate eight different botanical components, which remain in infusion in the spirit from 24 to 48 hours. Subsequently, it is the master distiller that mixes the aromatized distillates, arriving to propose a Gin with unique and unusual organoleptic characteristics, particularly suitable for the preparation of original cocktails and tasty long drinks. The selection of botanical components is careful and accurate, so each element comes from different countries: in detail, the basil is strictly Italian, the thyme comes directly from Greece, the rosemary waves the Turkish flag, while the citrus fruits and the olives are Spanish . To all this are added the classic elements of Gin, such as juniper, coriander and cardamom, which together with the precious Mediterranean nuances, seem almost to lead the mind directly along the coasts of what has always been considered the cradle of Western civilization.
This is essentially the Gin Mare "Colleción de Autor", the first authentic Mediterranean Gin, which alone is paving the way for a new generation of spirits. We are talking, in fact, of a Premium Gin, son of raw materials of the highest quality and the result of rigorous craftsmanship, where all the elements come to harmonize in a totally balanced.
It is a Gin, the one produced by Marc and Manuel Giro, capable of offering a taste experience outside the traditional patterns of the Gin itself. A distillate, the Gin Mare, that starting from the aesthetics of the bottle to get to sensory experiences, gives emotions not to be missed.


A phrase that sticks in my mind from many years ago was uttered by a manager complaining about the inadequacies of one of his team. "I can't teach him how to do the job," he said. On the surface, he was referring to the specialist technical knowledge that the team member had, and it was true that the manager couldn't be expected to add to that. But underneath I think he was excusing himself from all responsibility.
How much better to have coached the team member in how to apply his expertise?
These days, most people would accept that coaching is part of leadership. Responsibilty for developing teams and individuals goes with the job. But I think that the idea of coaching has much broader application than just being something that the leader does. It works in other contexts as well and I've encouraged many clients, not just managers, to take a "coaching" perspective.
For a mother working out how best to help her wayward son, it was a fairly obvious line to take. It wouldn't help him in the long term for her to solve his problems for him - even if he was inclined to let her (which he wasn't). Far better to guide him through a process of discovery that revealed what he actually wanted from life as well as how to get it.
Less obvious though was to take a coaching mindset in dealings with a bullying boss. Thinking all the time, "How can I help this person to develop?" whilst asking good questions was much more effective (and satisfying for the "coach") than offering advice that would have been rejected.
Taking a coaching perspective, even when you're not "the boss" is extremely empowering. When you do it, you immediately feel in control and less intimidated by the situation. You'll be more effective in your actions: proactive rather than reactive. But also, not least, the feeling of empowerment will remain even if the coaching doesn't seem to have made any difference! This follows from the clear separation of responsibilities that the coaching relationship entails. You do your best as a coach, you don't have to live their life for them.
So, as the coach, what can you say to your manager who habitually behaves in a dictatorial manner and at the same time bemoans the lack of competence or initiative in their team? Perhaps you could gently ask them what it would be like if they acted more as a coach!
In my experience as a member of a management team, one of the most useful things we did for our own development was the "fishbowl" exercise. In this, you take turns within a group of four or five to be the recipient of feedback from the others. You sit to one side, but still within earshot, while they discuss what you should "do more", "do less", and "keep doing". At the end of your session you can ask them to clarify anything you didn't understand, but there's no further debate. You take your feedback and use it how you see fit.
What we didn't do, because we didn't know how, was to help each other to break the unconscious patterns, the habits, that determine most of our behaviours. Changing these on your own, even if you accept the need to, is very difficult - otherwise you'd just do it!
For the members of a team to help each other to do this would involve sharing the nature of successful patterns at a level we don't usually deal with. For example, what sequence of thoughts, images, feelings does an effective leader experience immediately before and during delivery of an inspirational talk? Or when counselling someone who's unhappy? Or coaching a poor performer? It's at this level that the difference between effective and ineffective (or obviously false) behaviours arises.
It's the difference between delivering a script and actually convincing someone. The words may be exactly the same but their impact is completely different.
The way to break old patterns and to install new ones is to practise. The role of your coach is to help you to focus on the important factors, to hold you accountable and to give you feedback.
Who can you do that for?