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DistroWatch Weekly
A weekly opinion column and a summary of events from the distribution world
DistroWatch Weekly, Issue 431, 14 November 2011
Welcome to this year's 46th issue of DistroWatch Weekly! Red Hat's Fedora is without doubt one of the most influential and innovative Linux distributions on the market. Unfortunately, its reputation for not having a clear desktop strategy while strictly providing free and patent-unencumbered software in its repositories makes many desktop users shy away from this exciting operating system. Is the just-released version 16 more conducive to easy and trouble-free desktop computing? Read our first-look review to see what we think. In the news section, openSUSE prepares for the release of version 12.1 later this week, Ubuntu's Unity desktop receives more criticism from Linux media, and Linux Mint keeps impressing the journalists and bloggers around the Internet. Also in this issue, a link to an excellent interview with Fedora Project Leader Jarred Smith, more links to articles about two interesting alternative operating system options (FreeBSD and Solaris), a quick Questions and Answers section with tips for converting audio formats, and an introduction to Commodore OS Vision, a new Linux distribution that re-creates that classic Commodore look accompanied by effects and features found in any modern desktop operating system. Happy reading!
Reviews: Fedora turns sweet 16
News: Interview with Fedora's Jarred Smith, openSUSE 12.1 feature round-up, Unity frustrations and Mint's rise, FreeBSD and Solaris as alternatives to Linux
Questions and answers: Converting audio formats
Released last week: Fedora 16, Oracle Solaris 11
Upcoming releases: openSUSE 12.1, Caixa Mágica 17
New additions: Commodore OS Vision, Pear OS
New distributions: Kuine Linux, OpenMediaVault
Listen to the Podcast edition of this week's DistroWatch Weekly in OGG (25MB) and MP3 (35MB) formats
Join us at irc.freenode.net #distrowatch
Feature Story (by Jesse Smith)
Fedora turns sweet 16
As the release date for Fedora 16 approached I found myself debating which edition to review. Both front-line editions, GNOME and KDE, would have their interesting points and their drawbacks. Caught between the two I put the question to you, the readers, and let the choice be settled by a vote. The responses came in quickly with a 3:1 ratio in favour of the GNOME edition. Some people asked for both, as I had done with the Ubuntu/Kubuntu release, but sadly I did not have time to review both editions this time around. In fact, this is more of a "first impressions" look at Fedora 16 than a full-bodied review as less than a week has passed between release day and this article being posted.
Before installing the latest copy of Fedora I recommend reading the release notes as there are some important tidbits in there. For example? GPT disk labels, which (in my case anyway) means an extra partition needs to be created on the hard drive at install time. Fedora has replaced the GRUB boot loader with GRUB 2, init scripts have been converted over from SysVInit to systemd and user ID numbers are now higher. A lot of low-level stuff is changing and it's going to be interesting to see how that turns out -- after all, systemd is supposed to be fast and the transition to GRUB 2 was rocky for some users on other distributions so there are compatibility issues to consider. Enough speculation! I burned the 605 MB ISO image to a CD and got down to work.
Booting from the live CD brings us to a GNOME 3 desktop. At the top of the screen are a menu button, clock and system tray. The wallpaper is a blue/gray scene which appears to show a jet-powered submarine tracking a school of fish near the ocean floor. We can investigate the GNOME desktop in detail later, for now let's look at the installer.
I've talked about the Anaconda installer before and not much has changed in the past few years. The graphical installer walks us through selecting our keyboard layout, selecting a hostname for the machine and setting the time zone. We're asked to create a password for the root account and then we get into partitioning. The last step is to answer whether we want to install a boot loader (GRUB 2 in this case) and where it should be installed. As usual the screens offer a simple description of what is required of us and most users should be able to navigate through with little problem. That being said, in recent years some cracks have appeared in Anaconda which suggest to me that the old girl isn't getting the attention she deserves. For instance, the partitioning section: it's powerful, giving us the option of using RAID, LVM or plain partitions. We can enable file system encryption with a single click and the layout is clean. It's one of the best partitioning screens I've seen in the Linux community.
However, this is also where we see some problems. For example, Fedora is still one of the only Linux distributions which do not allow the user to select the file system of their root partition. If we're manually partitioning and we don't create a small partition to handle GPT labels we get an odd error message saying we need to create a place for stage1 without any further explanation. (This is why it's a good idea to read the release notes before beginning an install.) A third issue with the partitioning screen is that the installer will move partition layouts around, seemingly at random. I found that if I created a few partitions and then deleted one, the rest would get shuffled into a different order. My last complaint wasn't a bug, just an annoyance. At the end of the install process Anaconda copies files to the local machine and we see a progress bar march across the screen. When it reached the end my machine sat and did nothing... for about fifteen minutes. I'd assumed the installer had frozen and was about to reboot when a window popped up saying the boot loader was being installed, which took about another five minutes. Again, not a bug, it's just slow and the progress bar is out of sync with what's happening behind the scenes.
Desktop and applications
The first time we boot into Fedora we're passed over to a first-run wizard which asks us to read the distribution's license, set the current system time and create a new user account. We're also given the option of authenticating users via other means, such as network-wide logins. The last step in the first-run wizard asks if we'd like to submit a hardware profile to the Fedora team. From there we're presented with a graphical login screen.
Fedora 16 - the Activities menu
(full image size: 715kB, screen resolution 1366x768 pixels)
When we log in we're brought to the GNOME 3.2 Shell. This environment presents us with a relatively empty desktop featuring a menu and system tray bar at the top of the display. Clicking on the button, labeled "Activities", brings up a large menu with quick-launch buttons to the left of the screen and a grid of mini preview windows. Clicking on one of these windows snaps us back to the desktop and brings the selected window to the front. When the Activities menu is displayed we're also shown virtual workspaces over to the right side of the screen. At the top of the Activities menu there's a button for switching from a view of preview windows to showing available applications.
Applications can be filtered based on their category by clicking icons on the right-hand side of the screen. We can also search for items by typing a name or description into a text box near the top of the display. The Activities menu appears to have replaced the traditional task switcher, which, I find, makes switching between windows, and seeing which windows are open, a slower process. If you've tried GNOME Shell before you're probably aware the environment does not include minimize or maximize buttons on window title bars. It's still possible to manage windows, but it has become a more roundabout process.
Back to the Activities menu, let's take a look at what applications are installed. Firefox 7 is included, as are the Empathy messenger client and the Evolution email program. The Transmission BitTorrent client is included along with the Cheese webcam tool. There's a document viewer, the Shotwell photo manager, a CD ripper and a disc burner. There's a small collection of GNOME games, the Orca screen reader and a virtual on-screen keyboard utility. Rhythmbox is included, as is the Totem multimedia player. Despite having these multimedia programs installed, Fedora does not come with codecs for handling video formats or MP3s. Moving on down the menu we find a text editor, calculator, archive manager and a simple backup utility. There is an automated bug reporter, which will keep track of crashed programs and assist the user in submitting bug reports.
GNOME 3 comes with a relatively small collection of tools for changing the look and feel of the desktop, it's apparently assumed the Shell is one-size-fits-all. Where Fedora stands out from the crowd is with its administrative programs. There's a SELinux trouble-shooter, a slick user account manager, a printer configuration tool and a firewall utility. I found it interesting to note that most network services, aside from SMTP, are disabled on Fedora and the firewall is enabled. However, the firewall does leave port 22 (usually reserved for secure shell) open even though secure shell is not running. Digging deeper into the list of available software I found neither Java nor Flash included. The free Flash alternative, Gnash, is available in the repositories, but is not installed by default. There aren't any developer tools, such as GCC, installed either. For some reason the developers seem to be unwilling to use the extra 95 MB of space on the live CD. In the background we find the 3.1 version of the Linux kernel.
Fedora 16 - running various applications
Applications one might expect to find in a Linux distribution, such as multimedia codecs, aren't included in Fedora's repositories. To access these extras we can turn to the RPMFusion project. This project maintains repositories of software packages which, for one reason or another, are not eligible to be included in Fedora. Adding these repositories is as easy and clicking on a link on the RPMFusion website and refreshing the package manager. Doing this gives the user access to multimedia codecs, Flash and other items which may fall under patent or license restrictions. Even with these extra repositories installed (I enabled RPMFusion's free and non-free repositories), acquiring the proper codecs was still a manual process. I experimented with opening Totem and Rhythmbox and asking them to open multimedia files. Rhythmbox would simply display an error if asked to play MP3s. The Totem movie player would offer to search the repositories for codecs. Performing a search, even with non-free repositories added to the system, returned no results and codecs had to be found and installed manually.
On the subject of repositories, handling software packages got off to a rough start. Shortly after logging in I launched the update manager. It informed me that it was checking for updates, a progress bar appeared and crawled along to about its halfway point and stalled. After several minutes with no activity I closed the window and tried opening the Add/Remove Software application. This program too informed me that it was downloading group and package information. Then it too stalled and failed to respond. I found that dropping to a terminal and using the YUM command line program allowed me to update repository information and download updates. I was also able to add and remove applications.
However, returning once more to the graphical package manager resulted in the GUI freezing. I've only had a few days to use it, but so far I've found that any software management needs to be done via the command line. On day three of my trial I returned to the update application and asked it to install available updates. This it did and, upon completion, it popped up a dialog box to inform me all updates were successfully installed. I clicked OK, at which point the dialog popped-up again, and again, and again... Eventually the graphical update app closed or crashed. Fortunately, as far as command line programs go, YUM is quite good and I find its syntax intuitive and its output helpful.
While trying Fedora I ran the distribution on two physical machines, a desktop box (2.5 GHz CPU, 2 GB of RAM, NVIDIA video card) and my HP laptop (dual-core 2 GHz CPU, 3 GB of RAM, Intel video card). I also installed Fedora in a VirtualBox virtual machine. I was pleased to find that Fedora properly detected all of my hardware. Screen resolution was set to reasonable level and audio worked out of the box. I found that my touchpad didn't registered taps as clicks, but this was easily enabled through the configuration tools. My Intel wireless card was picked up without any problems. On the physical machines logging into my account would automatically bring up the GNOME Shell. Desktop responsiveness was about average while using the Shell. When logging into my account in the virtual environment Fedora would display a message saying that "GNOME 3 Failed to Load" and GNOME would start in fallback mode, which is fairly similar to a GNOME 2.x environment. Running in fallback mode I found that the desktop's performance was about on par with a standard GNOME 2 environment.
Systemd and GNOME Shell
There are two features included in Fedora I'd like to spend some time addressing. The first is systemd, the new init technology. Honestly, if it hadn't been mentioned in the release notes I probably wouldn't have noticed the init scripts had been converted. From the end user's point of view it doesn't seem to matter and I think that's a good sign. Getting the system up and running is important and this year we've seen Fedora transition from one init system to another seamlessly. That's the good news. The bad news is that, on my hardware at least, there doesn't appear to be any improvement in boot times. The Linux Mint "Debian" and Ubuntu releases, which I reviewed last month, went from boot menu to login screen faster, so I suspect that either more work is left to be done on systemd or the developers aren't getting the results they expected.
The second thing I'd like to address is GNOME 3, or more specifically, GNOME Shell. About six months ago I tried the initial GNOME 3 release (also on Fedora) and found it to be over simplified -- that is, simplified to the point where it took me noticeably longer to perform most tasks. At the time I had hoped the GNOME developers would listen to feedback and improve some of the limitations in the interface. Unfortunately this has not happened. The user still needs to jump through hoops to perform simple tasks. Turning off or rebooting the computer requires we hold down the ALT key while accessing the user menu. Opening a new application involves moving to the top-left of the screen, bringing up the menu and moving to the right side to filter down options or scrolling through pages of icons.
Paging between virtual desktops also requires moving back and forth across the entire screen. There's no taskbar so switching between windows involves either ALT-Tabbing through windows or another trip to the menu and back across the screen to the proper virtual desktop. Technically it all works, the code appears to be solid, but the design isn't suitable for laptop or desktop machines. It appears to be exclusively targeting tablets where the user would have their thumbs near the left and right sides of the interface. It's the only reason I can think of for making users constantly click items on the far side of the screen from where they were last working.
Fedora 16 - the GNOME 3 fallback mode
Whenever a discussion about new desktop environments comes up there are always those who claim that people who don't like GNOME or Unity or KDE 4 are simply unwilling to change. I don't think that's the case here. I typically use a different desktop environment every week and usually find the transition to be smooth. I was able to get into the flow of KDE 4 after a few days, despite its rough edges. Unity, which I covered a few weeks ago, has its problems, but I found it easy to explore and its items are well placed. After half an hour I found myself getting along with Unity -- perhaps not to the point of liking Unity, but I was okay with using it for the week. However, GNOME Shell's design I find too inflexible and, to get anything done in a reasonable amount of time, it requires learning a list of shortcuts, which flies in the very face of having an explorable graphical interface. Thankfully it's possible to force GNOME 3 to use fallback mode, which makes using Fedora less work.
At this point I've only been using Fedora for about four days and some change, and I've been surprised at just how poor the experience has been. Anaconda, while still a descent installer, is losing ground to the competition and its slow performance and cryptic error messages aren't helping. Two weeks ago I was running Sabayon 7, which also uses Anaconda, and there the experience was noticeably better. The installation went faster and I was able to select my preferred root file system. If it works so well on Sabayon then why are these issues appearing in Fedora? GNOME Shell hasn't improved in the past six months and, at this point, I think it's fair to say from the responses (or lack of) we've seen from the developers that this is the way it's going to stay. GNOME Shell may be fine for touch screens and users who only want one window open at a time, but it's too cumbersome for desktop/laptop use.
Moving on, the graphical package manager usually stalls when I open it and when it does manage to finish starting up it's sluggish. Combine all this with Fedora's small collection of software and the requirement to add third-party repositories, such as RPMFusion, to get what most distributions consider normal functionality and I'm left with little choice but to recommend skipping this release. I've spent too much time this week fighting with the package manager, fighting with the desktop environment and hunting down software via the command line so I can use my computers; I'm looking forward to putting Fedora 16 behind me.
Miscellaneous News (by Ladislav Bodnar)
Interview with Fedora's Jarred Smith, openSUSE 12.1 feature round-up, Unity frustrations and Mint's rise, FreeBSD and Solaris as alternatives to Linux
The release of Fedora 16 was by far the biggest Linux event of the week. Using the occasion ThinkDigit's Nash David contacted Jarred Smith, the Fedora project leader, to ask him a few questions about the new release and upcoming plans. Asked about competition between popular Linux distributions, Smith views it as a healthy situation that gives users more freedom: "I don't see Ubuntu as the enemy out there. Ubuntu really has the same goal as us out there, and that is to use free software and make the world a better place. And so, Ubuntu, Fedora and many of the other distros out there are more like brothers and sisters rather than competitors. We can divide our own share of the pie, but, quite honestly, we're all interested in the rest of the pie than what we have as our share. I think it's very healthy to have different distributions, different preferences and different options. It gives people freedom! You know there is some healthy competition between Fedora, Ubuntu, openSUSE and some other distros, but instead of it being as Fedora vs Ubuntu vs openSUSE, it should be Fedora and the other distros vs the rest of the world. That's how we view it."
Another week and another major release; this time by openSUSE. The project's latest and greatest, version 12.1, has been hitting the download mirrors since Saturday and chances are that some of you are already running it on your computers, even though it will only be formally announced on Wednesday, 16 November. Jos Poortvliet, the openSUSE community manager, has published a few of his first impressions of the new release: "I myself have upgraded my laptop to openSUSE 12.1 RC2 now and I got to see the new Plasma Desktop. Overall, the difference between Tumbleweed and 12.1 are minimal. As expected, considering Tumbleweed (openSUSE's cool rolling release repository) was a hair away from 12.1, the biggest differences are probably artwork and of course Plasma 4.7 instead of 4.6..." There is a lot more though, including GNOME 3.2 as well as the latest Xfce and LXDE desktops, the new KolorManager with Oyranos colour management tools, Apper replacing PackageKit for software management, introduction of Google's Chromium 16, Fedora's systemd and Google's new programming language, Go. That's just a fraction of what's new in openSUSE 12.1, so check out the detailed release notes for further information, highlights and screenshots.
openSUSE 12.1 - the KDE edition with KDE 4.7.2
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Rarely a week goes by, it seems, without an author from a major publication feeling a need to vent his frustration with Ubuntu's default desktop. Last week it was the turn of ExtremeTech's Jason Kennedy who found the Unity user interface unsuitable for desktop computers: "Ubuntu took away most of the customization controls Linux users had grown accustomed to; one of the main reasons to use Linux at all over Microsoft or Apple. I was clicking where I wasn't used to clicking, and finding myself using the search functionality over shortcuts, which added steps and interrupted the flow of working. To me an operating system should be invisible; something that gets out of your way so you can do what you're supposed to be doing." Like many others, the author has realised that Unity is designed for touchscreens rather than the traditional computer monitors: "Suddenly it all clicked: Unity was the beta of a touch interface. In that form factor, it will probably work wonderfully. But I can't help but feel like Canonical misled its users. Unity isn't a user-willed push; it's a way for Ubuntu to branch into what's hot -- the mobile market. Business-wise, it's a secure move. As a user, though, I feel cheated, fooled. Disappointed."
Linux Mint's ascent to the top of DistroWatch's page hit ranking statistics has generated quite some interest in Linux media worldwide. Slashdot's "Linux Mint: the New Ubuntu?" generated over 600 comments, while Austria's Der Standard newspaper also noticed the change (article in German). Other publications reporting about Mint's rise included BeginLinux, Habrahabr (in Russian), Fayerwayer (in Spanish), Hungarian UNIX Portal (in Hungarian), Unixmen, Tecnoblog (in Portuguese), The Register, Osarena (in Greek), Xinmin (in Chinese), IDG (in Swedish), PYSN Noticias (in Spanish) and many other blogs and websites. But perhaps the most interesting among them was the post by the editor-in-chief of Brazil's largest Linux portal, BR-Linux.org. In "Ubuntu deixa o primeiro lugar no ranking do DistroWatch" (article in Portuguese), Augusto Campos writes: "My Ubuntu-using years are coming to an end. I'm obviously no longer the target user and I have an impression that the distribution has taken a conscious decision to serve a much larger audience, but to which I do not belong." The author feels that he is not alone in this assessment: "In the last 10 days, two teachers of my friends approached me for advice on Ubuntu alternatives to migrate their school's computer laboratories to - they simply felt that Ubuntu was no longer adequate."
Tired of the current wave of Linux distro wars? Then perhaps you should switch to something different. InfoWorld's Paul Venezia notes that FreeBSD is a free, fast, stable, feature-rich operating system and if you've never looked into it before, you should: "There used to be a saying -- at least I've said it many times -- that my workstations run Linux, my servers run FreeBSD. Sure, it's quicker to build a Linux box, do a 'yum install x y z' and toss it out into the wild as a fully functional server, but the extra time required to really get a FreeBSD box tuned will come back in spades through performance and stability metrics. You'll get more out of the hardware, be that virtual or physical, than you will on a generic Linux binary installation. (Note: yes, you can use pkg_add to add binary packages à la .deb and .rpm, but where's the fun in that?) ... Sadly, though, I don't expect to see FreeBSD making significant inroads against Linux or Windows. Aside from being UNIX-like, it's a very different beast from, say, Red Hat Enterprise Linux. Linux administrators who have never touched a BSD box will find themselves in what may appear to be a fun-house-mirror OS where things are not quite as they seem; it can be frustrating to grok the concepts behind things like /etc/rc.conf and the ports collection."
And if not FreeBSD, why not the brand-new Solaris 11? It's apparently free to download and use for non-commercial purposes, plus it comes with a large number of interesting features, even on the desktop. Calum Benson, Interaction Designer in the Oracle Solaris desktop team, presents what's new on the Solaris 11 desktop: "Much has been written today about the enterprise and cloud features of Oracle Solaris 11, which was launched today, but what's new for those of us who just like to have the robustness and security of Solaris on our desktop machines? Here are a few of the Solaris 11 desktop highlights: GNOME 2.30 - the most stable version of GNOME ever released, and has many improvements over GNOME 2.6 as found in Solaris 10; updated Firefox 6.0.2 and Thunderbird 6.0.2; Compiz - Solaris 11 uses this compositing window manager by default, enhancing the desktop experience with judicious use of customizable effects such as translucency, drop shadows and transition animations; package manager - IPS is the new package management system in Solaris 11, and it has a full-featured GUI that allows you to quickly browse and install new packages, or perform a live update of your entire OS in a couple of clicks, safe in the knowledge that it can be rolled back to a previous version just as quickly in the event of any problems."
Oracle Solaris 11 - the first major release in nearly seven years
Questions and Answers (by Jesse Smith)
Converting audio formats
A-rolling-audio-format-gathers-no-moss asks: How can I easily convert audio files (e.g. MP3 to OGG format)? Also, how can I take a video file and extract the audio?
DistroWatch answers: For converting from one audio format to another the easiest way to go is probably with the soundKonverter application. It supports converting multiple files from one format to another and can handle OGG, MP3, WMA and several other audio formats. It comes with sane defaults and a straightforward graphical interface, so for audio conversion I would start there. For people who might not want to go down the KDE road, there is a similar GNOME project, SoundConverter. Command line junkies will probably want to take a look at either the SoX program, which can convert, mix, play and concatenate audio files, or the ffmpeg program.
Let's look at two quick examples. Here we use SoX to convert audio from .wav to .ogg:
sox oldfile.wav newfile.ogg
And here we convert a file from .mp3 to .ogg:
ffmpeg -i original.mp3 newfile.ogg
Extracting sound from a video file is a different procedure. For that the easiest tool I've stumbled across is probably PiTiVi. Typically PiTiVi is used as a video editor, but it allows users to import just about any audio or video clip and export it to just about any other format. This includes importing a video and outputting the audio track. PiTiVi has a nice interface and an intuitive drag-n-drop method for moving around tracks. Once again, for fans of the command line, the FFmpeg program can handle pulling the audio track from a video clip. A simple example would be:
ffmpeg -i videofile.mp4 soundtrack.mp3
People attempting to make use of PiTiVi, soundKonverter or SoundConverter should be aware these applications use underlying software like GStreamer, MPlayer and FFmpeg to do their work. When trying to manipulate certain formats you may find that you need additional packages not included in your operating system by default, likely due to patent restrictions. If you find that a program won't handle your multimedia files with its default configuration, check to see if FFmpeg, MPlayer and GStreamer are available in your distribution's repositories.
Released Last Week
Fuduntu 14.12
Andrew Wyatt has announced the release of Fuduntu 14.12, an updated version of the project's desktop Linux distribution recently forked from Fedora: "Today I would like to announce that we are officially forked. This means that we are now a self-contained, self-hosted distribution. Fuduntu is now built from Fuduntu repositories, and we only pull from Fuduntu repositories by default. I am also pleased to announce the early release of Fuduntu 14.12 to commemorate our anniversary. Fuduntu 14.12 is our first release media built from Fuduntu repositories without any external dependencies. Major changes in this release: Linux kernel 3.0.7, X.Org Server 1.11.1, Flash 11, Remmina is now the default remote access software replacing Vinagre. As always, Fuduntu 14.12 includes a roll-up of all package changes since 14.11." Read the rest of the release announcement for more details and upgrade instructions.
Fedora 16, the latest version of the popular community Linux distribution sponsored by Red Hat, has been released: "The Fedora Project is pleased to announce the release of Fedora 16 'Verne'. As always, Fedora continues to develop and integrate the latest free and open source software. The following are major features for Fedora 16: enhanced cloud support including Aeolus Conductor, Condor Cloud, HekaFS, OpenStack and pacemaker-cloud; KDE Plasma workspaces 4.7 and GNOME 3.2; a number of core system improvements including GRUB 2 and the removal of HAL; an updated libvirtd, trusted boot, guest inspection, virtual lock manager and a pvops-based kernel for Xen all improve virtualization support." See the release announcement and release notes for a detailed list of new features and other relevant information.
Oracle has announced the release of Oracle Solaris 11, a UNIX operating system originally developed by Sun Microsystems and known for its scalability and innovative enterprise features: "Oracle today announced availability of Oracle Solaris 11, the first Cloud OS. Oracle Solaris 11 is designed to meet the security, performance and scalability requirements of cloud-based deployments allowing customers to run their most demanding enterprise applications in private, hybrid, or public clouds. As the first fully virtualized operating system (OS), Oracle Solaris 11 provides comprehensive, built-in virtualization capabilities for OS, network and storage resources. Oracle Solaris 11 offers comprehensive management across the entire infrastructure - operating system, physical hardware, networking and storage, as well as the virtualization layer." See the press release and read the detailed release notes to learn more.
Sabayon Linux 7 "Experimental"
Fabio Erculiani has announced the availability of three experimental editions of Sabayon Linux 7, containing the LXDE desktop environment, Enlightenment 17 and the Awesome window manager: "Directly from our 'Breaking Stuff' department, three new Sabayon 7 releases have seen the light. These releases all go under the 'Experimental' umbrella: 'LXDE' is a minimal, CD-sized flavour geared towards low-end computers, shipping the LXDE desktop environment; 'E17' is a minimal, CD-sized flavour made for people wanting to showcase the magic of Enlightenment 17; 'Awesome' window manager flavour. Features: latest and greatest package updates from repositories; Linux kernel 3.1...." Here is the brief release announcement.
Development, unannounced and minor bug-fix releases
CDlinux 0.9.7, the release announcement
openSUSE 11.2-rc2, the release announcement
Astaro Security Gateway 8.3-beta, the release announcement
Commodore OS Vision 1.0-beta6, the release announcement
Linux Mint 12-rc, the release announcement
Pinguy OS 11.10-alpha
BlankOn Linux 8.0-alpha2
Clonezilla Live 1.2.11-18
VortexBox 2.0
Caixa Mágica 17-beta
Zorin OS 3.2
Parted Magic 11.11.11
Upcoming Releases and Announcements
Summary of expected upcoming releases
2011-11-14: Caixa Mágica 17 (see roadmap)
2011-11-16: Mageia 2 Alpha 1
2011-11-16: openSUSE 12.1 (see roadmap)
2011-12-01: Ubuntu 12.04 Alpha 1
2011-12-19: DEFT Linux 7 (see roadmap)
2011-12-19: Frugalware Linux 1.6pre2
2012-01-16: Frugalware Linux 1.6rc1
2012-02-13: Frugalware Linux 1.6 (see roadmap)
2012-02-21: Mageia 2 Beta 1
2012-02-28: Fedora 17 Alpha
2012-03-01: Ubuntu 12.04 Beta 1
2012-04-03: Fedora 17 Beta
2012-04-10: Mageia 2 RC
2012-04-19: Ubuntu 12.04 RC
2012-04-26: Ubuntu 12.04 (see release schedule)
2012-05-03: Mageia 2 (see development planning)
2012-05-08: Fedora 17 (see release schedule)
DistroWatch.com News
New distributions added to database
Commodore OS Vision. Commodore OS Vision is a 64-bit Linux distribution, based on Linux Mint, created for Commodore enthusiasts purchasing Commodore USA hardware, such as Commodore 64, VIC series and the upcoming high-performance line of Amiga computers. These are essentially restore disks for pre-installed Commodore systems. Commodore OS Vision uses the classic GNOME 2 interface and features extensive Compiz/Emerald desktop effects. It includes dozens of games of all genres (FPS, Racing, Retro etc), the Firefox and Chromium web browsers, LibreOffice, Scribus, GIMP, Blender, OpenShot and Cinellera, advanced software development tools and languages, sound editing through Ardour and Audacity, and music composition programs such as the Linux MultiMedia Studio. It has a classic Commodore slant with a selection of applications reminiscent of their classic Amiga counterparts.
Commodore OS Vision 1.0 Beta - a Linux Mint-based distribution with a retro look and unusual effects
Pear OS. Pear OS is a French Ubuntu-based desktop Linux distribution. Some of its features include ease-of-use, custom user interface with a Mac OS X-style dockbar, and out-of-the-box support for many popular multimedia codecs. Pear OS is available for 64-bit computers only.
Pear OS 2.5 - an Ubuntu-based distribution with a custom GNOME user interface
(full image size: 1,453kB, screen resolution 1280x1024 pixels)
New distributions added to waiting list
Kuine Linux. Kuine Linux is a family of Debian-based distributions, with each of which meeting one specific goal. Ideal for emulating an appliance or to instantiate a virtual machine to meet a very specific need, such as a database server or CRM or CMS.
OpenMediaVault. OpenMediaVault is a network attached storage (NAS) solution based on Debian GNU/Linux. It contains services like SSH, (S)FTP, SMB/CIFS, DAAP media server, rsync, BitTorrent client and many more. Thanks to the modular design of the framework it can be enhanced via plugins. OpenMediaVault is primarily designed to be used in home environments or small home offices.
DistroWatch database summary
Number of all distributions in the database: 701
Number of active distributions in the database: 314
Number of dormant distributions: 63
Number of discontinued distributions: 324
Number of distributions on the waiting list: 273
This concludes this week's issue of DistroWatch Weekly. The next instalment will be published on Monday, 21 November 2011.
Jesse Smith and Ladislav Bodnar
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• Issue 823 (2019-07-15): Debian 10, finding 32-bit packages on a 64-bit system, Will Cooke discusses Ubuntu's desktop, IBM finalizes purchase of Red Hat
• Issue 822 (2019-07-08): Mageia 7, running development branches of distros, Mint team considers Snap, UBports to address Google account access
• Issue 821 (2019-07-01): OpenMandriva 4.0, Ubuntu's plan for 32-bit packages, Fedora Workstation improvements, DragonFly BSD's smaller kernel memory
• Issue 820 (2019-06-24): Clear Linux and Guix System 1.0.1, running Android applications using Anbox, Zorin partners with Star Labs, Red Hat explains networking bug, Ubuntu considers no longer updating 32-bit packages
• Issue 819 (2019-06-17): OS108 and Venom, renaming multiple files, checking live USB integrity, working with Fedora's Modularity, Ubuntu replacing Chromium package with snap
• Issue 818 (2019-06-10): openSUSE 15.1, improving boot times, FreeBSD's status report, DragonFly BSD reduces install media size
• Issue 817 (2019-06-03): Manjaro 18.0.4, Ubuntu Security Podcast, new Linux laptops from Dell and System76, Entroware Apollo
• Issue 816 (2019-05-27): Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.0, creating firewall rules, Antergos shuts down, Matthew Miller answers questions about Fedora
• Issue 815 (2019-05-20): Sabayon 19.03, Clear Linux's developer features, Red Hat explains MDS flaws, an overview of mobile distro options
• Issue 814 (2019-05-13): Fedora 30, distributions publish Firefox fixes, CentOS publishes roadmap to 8.0, Debian plans to use Wayland by default
• Issue 813 (2019-05-06): ROSA R11, MX seeks help with systemd-shim, FreeBSD tests unified package management, interview with Gael Duval
• Issue 812 (2019-04-29): Ubuntu MATE 19.04, setting up a SOCKS web proxy, Scientific Linux discontinued, Red Hat takes over Java LTS support
• Issue 811 (2019-04-22): Alpine 3.9.2, rsync examples, Ubuntu working on ZFS support, Debian elects new Project Leader, Obarun releases S6 tools
• Issue 810 (2019-04-15): SolydXK 201902, Bedrock Linux 0.7.2, Fedora phasing out Python 2, NetBSD gets virtual machine monitor
• Issue 809 (2019-04-08): PCLinuxOS 2019.02, installing Falkon and problems with portable packages, Mint offers daily build previews, Ubuntu speeds up Snap packages
• Issue 808 (2019-04-01): Solus 4.0, security benefits and drawbacks to using a live distro, Gentoo gets GNOME ports working without systemd, Redox OS update
• Issue 807 (2019-03-25): Pardus 17.5, finding out which user changed a file, new Budgie features, a tool for browsing FreeBSD's sysctl values
• Issue 806 (2019-03-18): Kubuntu vs KDE neon, Nitrux's znx, notes on Debian's election, SUSE becomes an independent entity
• Issue 805 (2019-03-11): EasyOS 1.0, managing background services, Devuan team debates machine ID file, Ubuntu Studio works to remain an Ubuntu Community Edition
• Issue 804 (2019-03-04): Condres OS 19.02, securely erasing hard drives, new UBports devices coming in 2019, Devuan to host first conference
• Issue 803 (2019-02-25): Septor 2019, preventing windows from stealing focus, NetBSD and Nitrux experiment with virtual machines, pfSense upgrading to FreeBSD 12 base
• Issue 802 (2019-02-18): Slontoo 18.07.1, NetBSD tests newer compiler, Fedora packaging Deepin desktop, changes in Ubuntu Studio
• Issue 801 (2019-02-11): Project Trident 18.12, the meaning of status symbols in top, FreeBSD Foundation lists ongoing projects, Plasma Mobile team answers questions
• Issue 800 (2019-02-04): FreeNAS 11.2, using Ubuntu Studio software as an add-on, Nitrux developing znx, matching operating systems to file systems
• Issue 799 (2019-01-28): KaOS 2018.12, Linux Basics For Hackers, Debian 10 enters freeze, Ubuntu publishes new version for IoT devices
• Issue 798 (2019-01-21): Sculpt OS 18.09, picking a location for swap space, Solus team plans ahead, Fedora trying to get a better user count
• Issue 797 (2019-01-14): Reborn OS 2018.11.28, TinyPaw-Linux 1.3, dealing with processes which make the desktop unresponsive, Debian testing Secure Boot support
• Issue 796 (2019-01-07): FreeBSD 12.0, Peppermint releases ISO update, picking the best distro of 2018, roundtable interview with Debian, Fedora and elementary developers
• Issue 795 (2018-12-24): Running a Pinebook, interview with Bedrock founder, Alpine being ported to RISC-V, Librem 5 dev-kits shipped
• Issue 794 (2018-12-17): Void 20181111, avoiding software bloat, improvements to HAMMER2, getting application overview in GNOME Shell
• Issue 793 (2018-12-10): openSUSE Tumbleweed, finding non-free packages, Debian migrates to usrmerge, Hyperbola gets FSF approval
• Issue 792 (2018-1203): GhostBSD 18.10, when to use swap space, DragonFly BSD's wireless support, Fedora planning to pause development schedule
• Issue 791 (2018-11-26): Haiku R1 Beta1, default passwords on live media, Slax and Kodachi update their media, dual booting DragonFly BSD on EFI
• Issue 790 (2018-11-19): NetBSD 8.0, Bash tips and short-cuts, Fedora's networking benchmarked with FreeBSD, Ubuntu 18.04 to get ten years of support
• Issue 789 (2018-11-12): Fedora 29 Workstation and Silverblue, Haiku recovering from server outage, Fedora turns 15, Debian publishes updated media
• Issue 788 (2018-11-05): Clu Linux Live 6.0, examining RAM consumpion, finding support for older CPUs, more Steam support for running Windows games on Linux, update from Solus team
• Issue 787 (2018-10-29): Lubuntu 18.10, limiting application access to specific users, Haiku hardware compatibility list, IBM purchasing Red Hat
• Issue 786 (2018-10-22): elementary OS 5.0, why init keeps running, DragonFly BSD enables virtual machine memory resizing, KDE neon plans to drop older base
• Issue 785 (2018-10-15): Reborn OS 2018.09, Nitrux 1.0.15, swapping hard drives between computers, feren OS tries KDE spin, power savings coming to Linux
• Issue 784 (2018-10-08): Hamara 2.1, improving manual pages, UBports gets VoIP app, Fedora testing power saving feature
• Issue 783 (2018-10-01): Quirky 8.6, setting up dual booting with Ubuntu and FreeBSD, Lubuntu switching to LXQt, Mint works on performance improvements
• Issue 782 (2018-09-24): Bodhi Linux 5.0.0, Elive 3.0.0, Solus publishes ISO refresh, UBports invites feedback, Linux Torvalds plans temporary vacation
• Issue 781 (2018-09-17): Linux Mint 3 "Debian Edition", file systems for SSDs, MX makes installing Flatpaks easier, Arch team answers questions, Mageia reaches EOL
• Issue 780 (2018-09-10): Netrunner 2018.08 Rolling, Fedora improves language support, how to customize Kali Linux, finding the right video drivers
• Issue 779 (2018-09-03): Redcore 1806, keeping ISO downloads safe from tampering, Lubuntu makes Calamares more flexible, Ubuntu improves GNOME performance
• Issue 778 (2018-08-27): GuixSD 0.15.0, ReactOS 0.4.9, Steam supports Windows games on Linux, Haiku plans for beta, merging disk partitions
• Issue 777 (2018-08-20): YunoHost 3.0.0.1, limiting process resource usage, converting file systems on Fedora, Debian turns 25, Lubuntu migrating to Wayland
• Issue 776 (2018-08-13): NomadBSD 1.1, Maximum storage limits on Linux, openSUSE extends life for 42.3, updates to the Librem 5 phone interface
• Issue 775 (2018-08-06): Secure-K OS 18.5, Linux is about choice, Korora tests community spin, elementary OS hires developer, ReactOS boots on Btrfs
• Issue 774 (2018-07-30): Ubuntu MATE & Ubuntu Budgie 18.04, upgrading software from source, Lubuntu shifts focus, NetBSD changes support policy
• Issue 773 (2018-07-23): Peppermint OS 9, types of security used by different projects, Mint reacts to bugs in core packages, Slackware turns 25
• Issue 772 (2018-07-16): Hyperbola GNU/Linux-libre 0.2.4, UBports running desktop applications, OpenBSD auto-joins wi-fi networks, boot environments and zedenv
• Full list of all issues
Project development Enlightenment verbose (Project dEv)
The mission for Project dEv was to create a stable and secure Linux distribution based on the lightweight window manager Enlightenment, with the latest of hardware detection technology to make sure your hardware was detected and configured as quickly as possible with minimal amount of effort. dEv aims to use and extend the EFL. By this, the KDE and GNOME dependencies are made obsolete while the feature richness and speed of the window manager increases. dEv wants to bring all the eye candy and speed which Enlightenment gives to a more cleanly manner by placing Enlightenment inside its own directory.
Tips and tricks: Copying columns of text, organizing files, creating torrents
Tips and tricks: (Xfce) interface woes
Tips and tricks: Improved package stability coming to FreeBSD/PC-BSD
Tips and tricks: Konqueror & Kate make an excellent remote admin team... and a killer casserole
Questions and answers: Multiple distributions on a DVD or USB thumb drive
Questions and answers: How SELinux improves security
Questions and answers: Displaying update notifications
Questions and answers: Why is Debian "out-of-date"?
Questions and answers: Troubleshooting operating system lock-ups
Questions and answers: Switching from CentOS to Red Hat Enterprise Linux


Sep 28, 2018. For some people these remedies get to the root cause, however for a large. If you have low stomach acid, you can then take it to help restore.
Jan 20, 2015. Diabetics also have lower secretions, as do those ezcema, psoriasis, dental disease, and candida yeast overgrowth. Chronic low stomach acid.
If you have ever experienced heartburn that travels up your throat and into your mouth, leaving a sour taste behind, it may be due to bile acid in your stomach.
Mar 11, 2019. A natural, easy, and affordable DIY test for healthy digestion. While many people think they have too much stomach acid, here's the reality:.
Could the water people swallow their acid reflux pills with be more therapeutic than the drugs themselves? In 2008, a remarkable study took place comparing a glass of water to an antacid and "acid blocking" drugs, in their overall effect in increasing gastric pH (i.e. making it more alkaline) in healthy.
When you have acid reflux/heartburn, it is not too much stomach acid causing. to low stomach acid—coming back up through the valve into your esophagus.
Jan 11, 2018. It may surprise you that many health issues, not only digestive ones, are related to low stomach acid. Many people who come to see me have.
Having enough HCL (hydrochloric acid or stomach acid) is critical for good digestion and immune health. Without adequate HCL food is incompletely digested.
Mar 7, 2018. Low stomach acid prevents the stomach from breaking down. Inadequate stomach acid levels have been associated with a number of health.
Mar 30, 2019. How to tell if you have low stomach acid, why it's a problem, plus exactly what to do about it.
7) Aversion to Meat: Many people with low stomach acid desire to avoid meat and have digestive problems (as described above) when they eat it. Especially red.
Jan 24, 2019. It is this theory that has prompted doctors to prescribe antacids in droves. While these drugs can treat low stomach acid symptoms, they do not.
You might have low stomach acid. Find yourself reaching for a TUMS after each and every meal? Something's up—and Grandson says your stomach could lack.
Do you have low levels of stomach acid? – A.Vogel – Excess stomach acid is a common diagnosis. Nowadays though, it is being more readily considered that low levels of stomach acid may actually be the issue.
The use of medications to suppress stomach acid has been on the rise. New research suggests certain kinds may have an impact on chronic liver disease.
Ever wondered if you have IBS or a gluten allergy?. Hydration is vital for a healthy digestive system Credit: Steve Smith/GETTY. between the brain and the gut, sends signals triggering the production of stomach acid and digestive enzymes.


came quickly. there are three buttons, android, apple, windows. thought to switch between the device, but it was not so. I did not understand why.
I orders this keyboard after my other gaming keyboard decided to stop responding. So far I have had nothing but a great experience with this keyboard. I am an avid gamer and can burn through keyboards in a few months. But so far this one has held up great. The keys are responsive, the light up keys are great for dark rooms and the has the feel of a machanical keyboard.


Did you know that our word Thursday comes from the Viking god Thor . . . as in Thor's Day? Neither did the Time Warp Trio. Did you know that if you say "Thursday" over and over again too close to a certain magic Book, you will get sucked back two thousand years to the time of the Vikings? Neither did the Time Warp Trio. Can our trusty heroes, Joe, Sam, and Fred, survive a wild ride with Leif Eriksson, match wits with his evil cousin, and get back home in one piece?
Grade 3-5-The Time Warp Trio takes a surprise time hike back to A.D. 1000. There, Joe, Fred, and Sam get to know some Vikings up close and personal. Outfitted only with a zebra-striped bedspread and their brains, the boys find themselves in the midst of a family rumble between Leif Eriksson and Grim Snake-in-the-Grass. As ever, their wits serve them well, and the friends recognize the Viking version of the Book when they need it most. Scieszka works his usual quirky magic with bits of actual information inserted among the wisecracks, and McCauley's cartoons parallel the unlikely plot. This wacky combination of story and art is just right for newly independent readers who enjoy a good joke.


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New Hyundai Elantra expected to launch within next two months
Hyundai has launched the new Elantra in the international markets last year. The model featuring new interior and exterior upgrades will be launched in India sometime in late August – early September this year.
Under the hood, the new Hyundai Elantra is expected to be powered by existing engine options – a 1.8-litre petrol engine which generates 147bhp of power and 178Nm of torque, while the 1.8-litre turbocharged diesel engine will generate about 126bhp of power and 260Nm of torque. The engines will be available with a choice of manual and automatic transmission. It is to be seen if the new Elantra will be offered with 1.6-litre petrol and diesel engines too.
The car's interior is expected to offer more space and premium upholstery than its current generation. The top-of-the-line variant could offer a seven-inch touchscreen infotainment system with navigation. It might also include Apple CarPlay / Android Auto, Music player, AUX-IN and Bluetooth connectivity among a range of other interesting features.
In terms of dimensions, the new Hyundai Elantra will measure 20mm longer at 4610mm in length, about 25mm wider at 1800mm and 1450mm in height. However, the new sedan's wheelbase remains the same as the current generation at 2700mm. As for design, the new Elantra now sports a larger and bolder hexagonal front grille which complements the new sharp sweptback headlamps. The sides look sporty with sharp ORVMs integrated with turn lights and new alloys. The rear is adorned with stylish wraparound tail lights.
Post launch, the new Hyundai Elantra will compete against the likes of the Skoda Octavia and the Volkswagen Jetta in India. On the pricing aspect, we believe it might be priced between Rs 16 lakh – Rs 18 lakh.
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Elantra expected Hyundai launch months New Next to two within	2016-07-14

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


There are inner hungers within every human heart that long to be fulfilled. The heart yearns to know, "Who am I? Why am I here? Where did I come from? Where am I going? Does my life have any real meaning and purpose?" While we may search for answers to these questions in the things of this world, we will always be left empty and unsatisfied. That is because the fulfillment to man's deepest longings can only be found in Jesus Christ. Jesus said, "I am the bread of life. He who comes to me will never go hungry." If you turn to Him, you will discover satisfaction that lasts forever!


So what do we really know about concussion?
How can we prevent athletes from getting concussed? Is it possible to test for concussion? What should we do if we suspect a concussion? And what are the short-term and long-term consequences of concussion for athletes?
Our team of experts from the National Institute for Health Research Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Research Centre (NIHR SRMRC), plus special guests from Moseley Rugby Club, will provide an evidence-based summary of concussion knowledge to date, explore the myths surrounding concussion, provide an athlete's perspective on experiencing concussion, and discuss the reality of dealing with concussion for the medical team.
Researchers from the NIHR SRMRC will also talk about their exciting new research investigating the effects of Repetitive Concussion in Sport (RECOS) and how you can get involved.
The evening will be an informative and interactive experience, with plenty of time for questions and comments.


This week the Property Poser panel considers a boundary wall problem with a few twists.
About seven years ago a reader purchased a unit in a complex. She explains that her property lies adjacent to the boundary wall enclosing the entire development and a small river runs just beyond that.
For about five of the seven years she has lived there, the local municipality cleaned up the riverbanks and secured the area with sandbags whenever there were heavy rains.
When the owners of the properties adjacent to the boundary wall requested that the municipality do more extensive work to protect their properties, all aid suddenly stopped. The reason given was that the property over which the river runs belongs to a local church and is therefore not municipal property after all.
Upon investigation, the reader also discovered that the wall is not actually built as indicated on the approved building plan. In fact, whereas the wall is currently about 12 metres from her house, it should only be three metres away.
In effect, the reader's back garden has suddenly shrunk by three quarters of its original size. However, when she purchased the property, she was clearly under the impression that the boundary wall was in the correct position.
To make matters worse, the wall is falling apart and the reader has therefore decided to erect a new one in the correct place. She wants to know who would be liable for future damages, should the river encroach further on her property.
The reader claims that the attorney who handled the transfer of her property knew it was not the size it appeared to be. He maintains the sale agreement indicated the size of the erf and that it was her responsibility to check these measurements.
This is a very unfortunate situation, which has been aggravated by the actions of various parties over the years, says Rian du Toit from DTS Attorneys in Port Elizabeth.
Du Toit says an agreement of sale will often contain a clause pertaining to the fact that no representations were made by the seller regarding the size of the property or its boundaries.
Furthermore, says Charlotte Vermaak from Chas Everitt in PE, when the new wall is erected, any future damage to it will be for the reader's account.
According to Vermaak, the only remedy she may have will lie with the owner or occupant of the adjacent land.


Working within the professional cleaning sector, TTS offer waste management products and cleaning equipment to domestic, commercial and industrial environments. TTS use eco-friendly materials to provide fully recyclable cleaning systems and waste collection products that are both economic and efficient. Seton work with TTS and their aim to produce cleaning systems while working towards a cleaner environment. From compact cleaning systems to innovative cleaning supplies, TTS provide versatile, professional cleaning and storage solutions to suit businesses from schools and offices to more industrial working environments.
Seton offers a varied range of products from TTS including waste management bins, janitorial trolleys and kits and cleaning accessories fit for floors, windows and complete cleaning and storage systems. For a complete cleaning system, portable cleaning units are available with different features from wringers and buckets to extra trays and drawers and are extremely easy to set up and operate. More compact trolleys are able to clean smaller spaces easily, while the extra compartments are able to contain as much cleaning equipment as you need. Seton offers plenty of additional cleaning accessories alongside the TTS cleaning systems including mop and duster heads, cleaning poles, buckets and trolley bags suiting many different requirements and a range of environments.


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President Barack Obama's Agenda, Balance Budget, Affordable Care Act, Comprehensive Immigration Law, House Speaker John Boehner Lawsuit, U.S. Sen. Mark Kirk Shameful Idea, In Memoriam, Alan J. Dixon, Calendar of Event
MY OPINION: It's obvious to me that the Republican's game-plan since 2009 has been to undermine President Obama's agenda. Many, if not all, Republicans in Congress are mean-spirited obstructionist; doing nothing to solve the problems of America. Ironically these Republican Party members believe they are being constructive?!
FOR EXAMPLE, our nation saw this behavior during the national budget crisis. Republicans would rather shut-down the government than find a real solution in balancing the budget. This strategy cost taxpayers $18.9 Billion. We continue to hear Republicans criticize and attack the Affordable Care Act, a law passed by Congress, signed by President Obama and upheld by the Supreme Court on June 28, 2012. Now, Republicans are blocking the passage of a Comprehensive Immigration law.
IMMIGRATION issue: Yes, President Obama made the campaign promise that would give us [Mexicans] a comprehensive immigration law. However, as President Obama talks about immigration reform or as much as he tries to have an immigration bill voted on, House Speaker John Boehner [R-OH] refuses to bring it up for a vote. One thing is clear, Boehner is afraid of the "Tea Party" members within the Republican Party. They are adamant in their thinking and will not reason. For this, we cannot blame President Obama for not being able to keep his promise.
THE MAINSTREAM media have quoted many Republicans saying that a comprehensive immigration bill is dead, but we know they are playing politics. The real reason Republicans continue to create obstacles and make-up excuses, for not supporting Immigration Reform, is because they know that the immigrants of today will become future Democratic voters. It's all about the vote!
THERE'S MORE…Now, Speaker John Boehner wants to file a lawsuit against President Obama because Obama is using his "Executive Powers". "Executive Powers" are the president's constitutional powers to issue executive orders, which carry the authority of law but do not have to be approved by Congress. President Obama has issued 175 executive orders to date. He signed fewer in his first term than George W. Bush, Bill Clinton and Ronald Reagan in their first terms.
PRESIDENT OBAMA calls the lawsuit a "stunt". I call it a waste of taxpayer's money and time. Boehner said he will introduce legislation in the House later this month that would allow the House to sue President Obama. More drama.
SHAME: Our Illinois U.S. Senator, Mark Kirk [R-IL], recently announced he wants all the undocumented children from South America, who have crossed the Mexican border into America, be given a criminal background check. These are children! Instead of treating these children like criminals, we should treat them as humanely as possible before sending them back to their country of origin. Isn't America a compassionate country? What does the sonnet inscribed on a plaque at the base of the Statue of Liberty, "Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to breathe free"? This is a shameful idea coming from a United Sates Senator.
Alan J. Dixon
IN MEMORIAM: Former Illinois U.S. Senator, Alan J. Dixon, 86, [1927-2014] died Sunday, July 6, 2014 at his downstate home. Dixon had a 40 year political career. His detractors ridiculed him as "Al the Pal," but his friends and supporters did not see it as an insult. Gov. Quinn called Sen. Dixon "a statesman, warm and friendly." He was a real friend of the Latino/Mexican community.
WHEN SEN. Dixon was the Democratic candidate for Illinois State Secretary of State he was endorsed by the Hispanic American Labor Council, overwhelmingly. As Secretary of State, Alan was the first Secretary to create a Secretary of State Hispanic Advisory Council for the office. He said he wanted to know what issues were affecting the Hispanic community in the Secretary of State's facilities. I was honored to be Chairman of the Hispanic Advisory Council.
THE SECRETARY of State Hispanic Advisory Council made two recommendations to Secretary Dixon. At that time clerks in the Secretary of State's Driving facilities were confiscating documents from Mexicans who were applying for driving license; alleging that the documents looked bogus. The Hispanic Advisory Council requested that the clerks cease the confiscation of any documents from members of our Mexican community because they were not federal agents. Dixon agreed. He issued a stop order to all facilities. The second recommendation was for more bilingual clerks at the driver's facilities.
IN AN INTERVIEW last year, Alan Dixon said, "We don't have any bipartisanship now. We've just got everybody mad at one another. There is no speaking." Sadly, bipartisanship is missing in Washington, D.C. today. Dixon said, "Our representatives need to sit down and make a deal."
MY PERSONAL friendship with Alan J. Dixon will never be forgotten. He was a "pal."
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President Barack Obama's Agenda, Balance Budget, A...


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According to the Italian law on privacy protection, the company Dedalus USA, having its registered office in NY 10011, 5 West 19th Street New York (U.S.A.), Owner of data acquired through this website, informs the user that the mentioned website do not use profiling cookies with the purpose of sending advertising messages in line with the preferences revealed through the web browsing. The website allows the sending of "third parties" cookies. For more information, even concerning the technical cookies used by the website and third parties' cookies, as well as for refusing the consent to the installation of the single cookies it's possible to consult the full information document about cookies.


The surroundings is often cited as an necessary issue influencing the health standing of people. This contains traits of the natural environment , the constructed setting and the social setting Elements similar to clean water and air , sufficient housing , and protected communities and roads all have been discovered to contribute to good health, especially to the health of infants and youngsters. 20 31 Some research have shown that an absence of neighborhood leisure areas together with pure setting results in lower ranges of personal satisfaction and better ranges of weight problems , linked to decrease general health and nicely being. 32 This means that the optimistic health benefits of pure area in city neighborhoods ought to be taken into consideration in public coverage and land use.


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Home> Publications & Directories> Perspectives on History> Issues> October 2012> AHA Today> The Vice Presidential Debate of October 11, 2012: AHA Roundtable
The Vice Presidential Debate of October 11, 2012: AHA Roundtable
Allen Mikaelian | Oct 12, 2012
Do vice presidential debates matter? That seemed to be the question of the day, the one that dominated the airwaves before and after last night's debate. From our perspective as historians, we are certain that they do matter, even if they don't generate a bump in the polls or a defining moment in the campaign. For the historian, they are responses to long-standing trends and further evidence of the importance of understanding the past.
Our Roundtable on the vice presidential debate features historians responding as historians. Beyond questions over who won and who had their facts in order are questions about where the candidates' ideas come from, why certain important discussions were left out, and how to cut through rhetorical poses in order to understand real policy possibilities. These are the sorts of questions historians and historical thinking can answer. Last night's debate did matter, and our panelists can help us understand how.
—Allen Mikaelian, Associate Editor
The Respondents:
"Vice presidential debates are a throwback to the nineteenth century. In those days presidential candidates considered it demeaning to ask voters for their support; they typically adopted the view that the office should seek the man rather than the reverse."
—H. W. Brands, Dickson Allen Anderson Centennial Professor of History, University of Texas at Austin
"Both candidates, but Biden especially, engaged in a fetishistic worship of an undefined 'middle class.' The vocabulary of American politics once included other classes, notably a working class, which seems now to be an archaic term relegated to the dustbin of history."
—John R. McNeill, University Professor, Georgetown University
"The history of foreign policy, of course, constantly mocks broad and self-gratifying generalizations. Peace may come through military preparedness, but then so may unnecessary war."
—Emily S. Rosenberg, Professor of History, University of California-Irvine
"If Joe Biden had brought a cane with him, he may have been tempted to hit Ryan over the head a la Preston Brooks to Charles Sumner in 1856."
—Gregory L. Schneider, Professor of History, Emporia State University
Tags: AHA Today Political History


One of the strongest movies to come out of the Polish film industry in the past 10 years, Wojciech Smarzowski's Rose plunges head-first into the inchoate mess of the immediate post-war period in Eastern Europe: a time so sensitive – not to mention banned from truthful depiction for so long – that it practically bleeds upon touching.
A brutal melodrama as well as a blatant metaphor for a raped, lacerated land, Rose focuses on one woman's plight, equaling the ordeal she's enduring with Polish wartime experience. The eponymous character, played with quiet resilience by Agata Kulesza, is a Masurian woman whose husband got killed and who tries to continue on her own in the most adverse of circumstances. Polish soldier Tadeusz (Marcin Dorociński) pays the widow a visit in order to pass on her late husband's personal effects – only to end up helping her out with demining an adjacent potato field. A tentative romance ensues, complicated by a number of historical circumstances. First of all, the Masurs are a German-speaking population of the pre-war, multi-national Poland, and are now forced to resettle, often by means of ruthless intimidation. Second: Tadeusz is a Home Army soldier, meaning that he's wanted by the newly-established Communist authorities, since he has fought for an entirely different Poland than the one he sees being put into place by the Soviets.
The movie plays almost like a companion piece to Krzysztof Zanussi's acclaimed A Year of the Quiet Sun (1984): one of the first Polish movies to fully depict the terror of Stalinism and the unhinged post-war reality of rapid Soviet takeover. It's hardly a surprise to learn that Zanussi co-produced Rose, which nevertheless goes much further and hits much harder than his own film. Not exactly a shrinking violet, Smarzowski has established himself as a brutal realist with a taste for the ugly and the grotesque, with such movies as The Wedding and House of Evil presenting Polish experience in an unforgiving, and yet liberating way.
Rose's purposefully jumbled narrative, in which friends are not always distinguishable from the enemies, allows us to focus on the two battered lovers, even as it leaves no illusions as for a possibility of happy ending. Not in this time, not at this place. Rose's look suggests a running sore covered in dirt, which makes the sudden bursts of lyricism – perfectly timed by Smarzowski, whose favorite aspect of moviemaking is clearly editing – even more powerful.
Wojciech Smarzowski's Rose is playing at MoMI on Friday, 19 April, at 7 PM, as a part of the Disappearing Act Film Festival.


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tip Travel magazine Croatia 027 (English edition) 05/2020 - 04/2021
THE ART OF DRY STONE WALL CONSTRUCTION
ča Ka
ris Bo ©
Adriatic stone lace Text: Željka Kunštek
Since the prehistoric era, the hardworking inhabitants of the Adriatic coast and islands built dry stone walls on barren land, stone by stone, and left landscapes that take the breath away of everyone who passes by.
ne of the privileges of living at the Croatian coast and on islands are the views of dry stone walls, symbols of man's effort, but also true works of art. Kilometers of that stone lace were built by the calloused hands of the inhabitants of the Adriatic-Dinaric area in order to remove the stones from the soil so they could then plant vineyards, olive groves, and other kinds of plant life that grow well under the warm Mediterranean sun. The unique, traditional construction method, without the use of any kind of bonding material, was also used for the construction of simple stone shelters for short stays, as well as being a way to divide land. Although it might seem simple at first, placing stones one on top of the other is a complex task, thousands of years old.
In 2018, the art of stone wall construction was inscribed on UNESCO's Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
tipTravelMagazine May 2020 - April 2021
The most beautiful dry stone walls in Croatia can be seen on the Stari Grad Plain and in Velo Grablje on the island of Hvar, as well as on the island of Pag, on the Kornati islands, in the old vineyards in Primošten, on the island of Korčula, on the Pelješac peninsula… The islet of Baljenac, where there are 23 km of dry stone walls on 0.14 square kilometers of area, is a special story. From a bird's-eye view, the view of the stone labyrinth is truly incredible, and it looks like a large fingerprint. As far as fingerprints are concerned, did you know that it is one of the symbols of Croatia? Ivan Vučetić, the father of dactyloscopy, is originally from the island of Hvar. Dragodid, a village on the island of Vis, is also a synonym for dry stone walls, and its inhabitants carefully preserve, promote, and share the tradition of dry stone construction techniques with new generations. It has also been recognized in Europe, so in 2011, it received the European Union's award for cultural heritage, Europa Nostra, for its Dragodid project. 
Get informed before arriving in Croatia | Croatia: Croatian inspiration for travel buffs (beaches, sailing, adventurism, national parks, nature parks, culture, UNESCO, gastronomy, enology, film tourism, health tourism, interesting features, accommodation) | Baska Voda | Promajna | Sinj | UNESCO: Dry stone walls | Cultural Places: Mystical Zagreb | Zagreb County: Zumberak | Krapina-Zagorje County - Visit Zagorje | Bjelovar-Bilogora County | Sisak-Moslavina County: Skrlet | Wellness trends in 2020 | Film destinations: The Top 5 films for avid travelers | Pisa (Italy): The Leaning Tower of Pisa | Kyoto (Japan): Arashiyama bamboo grove | UNWTO: Stay healthy, travel responsibly | Travel and tourism magazine | Travel Tips & Recommendations | ...
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Creative Inservices, LLC is the oldest and largest American Heart Association training facility in Western New York. We have been providing CPR training according to the AHA guidelines for the past 20 years. Our instructors are primarily nurses and EMTs, offering a wide range of health related experiences. We offer a variety of First Aid and CPR/AED courses, as well as Safe Sitter course for youth and a plethora of health related in services such as Stress Management and Injury Prevention. We offer small class sizes at our facility or we can travel to your facility. Creative Inservices will also send you a reminder when you need to renew your certification. Finally, if you are looking to purchase Automatic External Defibrillators (AED) or accessories, look no further. From Cardiac Science to Zoll, we have a large variety to choose from.
Be Prepared To Save A Life! It may very well be a loved one!


Find the right desktop computers for your business. We offer useful advice to small business owners on buying desktop computers.
Which Computer Should I Buy? - We've got some excellent advice on buying computers. Ask these questions before you buy a small business computer and you'll be glad you did!
Getting Rid of Old PCs - Wondering how to get rid of an old PC? Don't throw it away unless you enjoy polluting the environment. In this article, we cover some eco-friendly ways to dispose of an old PC.
Buying Computers for your Small Business - Looking for tips on how to buy computers for your small business? This article is full of great buying advice if you are in the market for a new computer for your home office or for a traditional small business office.
Buying Used Computers - No need to buy new computers for a small business! Buying used computers instead of buying new computers is a great way to save money.
Creating an Inventory of Desktop Technology Assets - Taking a complete inventory of your desktop technology assets is your first step in getting on top of desktop deployment and desktop management challenges.


Super Bowl 50 is just around the corner, and The City That Knows How has prepared for the giant party that San Francisco will be for the next couple of weeks. The game itself will be played at the 49er's new stadium in Santa Clara, in the heart of the Silicon Valley, but week-long activities are planned in San Francisco, which is expecting over 1,000,000 visitors.
"It's [San Francisco] going to be crowded. There is going to be traffic, and there are going to be streets closed," warns Charlotte Shultz, the city's Chief of Protocol. "We're a city that knows how to either take that in stride or complain about it."
Since complaining only hurts the complainer my advice: Embrace it! Participate! Have fun!
Super Bowl City is free and family friendly, with events targeted at both residents and visitors alike. Residents might wish to enjoy this coming weekend, before out-of-town guests arrive.
Living in San Francisco: Finding a Quiet Spot to "Be"


text:
Home SUCCESS SECRETS 🌻Sixteen Things to Upgrade Your Life in 2023(HIGHLY RECOMMENDED)
🌻Sixteen Things to Upgrade Your Life in 2023(HIGHLY RECOMMENDED)
It's time to get more noes to feel the ice block in your underpants that is rejection.
The start of a new year is a huge opportunity.
Yes, only the date changes and humans artificially make it anyway. But around this time of year our mind is open to reflection more than normal. That's something you want to take advantage of.
Here are some basic upgrades to consider for 2023.
Guarantee people think you're a no one
The challenge I have in real life is if I talk about anything I've done online people tend to treat me differently. I hate it.
In 2023 I am going to change how I introduce myself. I will tell strangers I run a small online academy for hobby creators.
Read also: 10 ways to radically improve your finances in 2023 (check this out)
The hope is people will be less fake toward me. Try it. Don't introduce yourself based on your job title or a business you own.
Say "I'm Peter, a father of four from Frankfurt. Pleased to meet you."
An expectation of a recession
I'm a finance guy … and I'm an optimist by nature.
But the data doesn't lie. Next year will likely be a recession (again), although politicians and economists love to argue over whether we did go into a recession in 2022.
Either way, when you plan for winter it's easier to enjoy it when it comes around. I am expecting a recession so my income expectations have eased. This is giving me much-needed peace of mind.
The best part is recessions are the greatest time in history to invest.
Adopt the 10X rule
This rule came from controversial entrepreneur Grant Cardone.
He's not my cup of english breakfast tea but he makes a damn good point. You have to work ten times harder and do it for ten times longer than you think to achieve a goal. But the result will be 10–100x's greater.
That's how I feel about writing. Working harder at writing means doing more research and reading more books than is comfortable.
But I don't want to fizzle out or back down from my goal to become a writer who reaches millions of people and one day writes a book. Many of you reading this have the same opportunity.
Dare to 10X.
Get rejected more often
How do you know you were stuck in a 2022 comfort zone? Easy.
When was the last time you failed?
How many potential employers rejected you?
How many online publications refused your content?
When was the last time you said "pay me" or "give me more money?
Your rejection rate equals your growth rate. It's time to get more noes to feel the ice block in your underpants that is rejection.
Experiment with frugality
For years I've lived on much less than I earn.
I don't own anything luxurious or live in a fancy home. My wife and I cook 99% of meals at home and do our own dishes. No maids or butlers wipe our butts after we poop.
The satisfaction this level of frugality gives us is hard to explain. It just feels …. so … good?
Experiment with living on less than you earn.
Downsize different areas of your life and notice the change. Move back in with the parents to save some cash.
Minimalism isn't as popular anymore as it was. I predict a comeback in 2023, thanks to the recession.
More time with family
I'm now a dad.
My daughter is at the age where she's starting to look people in the face. She smiles a lot too. Each of these moments is pure gold to me.
It's better than watching other people's lives through screens or going on a million holidays to tropical paradise.
I also have parents who are aging. It's clear for the first that they won't live forever and our days together are numbered. So I'm going to invite them to every family event regardless of whether they can come.
In 2023, try to spend an hour a day more with family. Notice if you feel different and more connected.
Go deeper with your ten best friends
When my daughter was born in 2022 it surprised me which friends did and didn't pay attention.
A few people I've known my entire life didn't so much as send a nice text or stop by to meet my daughter.
In 2021 I experienced a significant tragedy. And in 2011 when I lost everything the same recurring theme showed up again.
In 2023 I will spend more time with the ten best friends who are always there for me in good times and bad. I'm going to stop trying to have lots of relationships with other people that are all shallow, because they add little meaning to my life.
It's interesting what happens when you stop stealing time away from your best friends and invest deeper in their friendships instead.
Stay away from this unique type of short-term thinker
Unkind people are short-term thinkers who don't think long-term about the effects on their life.
In my line of work I come across unkind people all the time. In 2023 I am going to take out the trash.
If someone wants to ruin their reputation then I won't engage. If someone wants to write another "XYZ is dead" article to get short-term clicks that make them look like dicks, good for them.
People with a vision don't waste time throwing mud at strangers in the street to try and feel better.
Less smack talk, more beautiful silence.
Get around 1–2 people who break your definition of reality
I often tend to think too small.
What's expanded my thinking is adding a few crazies who clearly aren't like everyone else. A lot of what they say seems out of control. But a few things they've said have helped me break out of my shell.
Like, I tend to set 5-year goals. One of these crazy people said "why couldn't you achieve that writing goal in 6 months?"
Turns out my goal planning was small thinking in disguise. In 2023 I will add two more of these wild cats into my inner circle. You can too. Or at least add two virtual versions which you follow on social media.
Turn life into a video game
When I worked for a tech company it blew my mind how effective gamification is at getting software engineers to outperform.
Gamification works because you level up, have a numerical score to improve, join quests/missions, and play a cool character.
In 2023 I will (finally) apply gamification to my life. You can too. Because when life feels like a game, it's more fun to play.
Write more angry letters, ya angry bastard
Wait, what?!
Ankur Warikoo taught me that writing is a way to express yourself and empty emotional reserves. So when you're pissed off at the world, write an angry letter to us all. The secret is don't hit publish.
Now anger is gone. Nice.
If you say 1+1=5 you are right
Keanu Reeves is a philosophical genius.
He once said "I'm at that stage in life where I stay out of discussions. Even if you say 1+1=5, you're right. Have fun." This is my mantra for 2023.
Instead of being right, just move on to better things. Happy humans don't have time to police the internet like mall cops.
Give up these three tortures
Author Leo Tolstoy famously wrote that three temptations in life torture us: sexual desire, pride, and lust for wealth.
This is probably the hardest upgrade to make in 2023. All of us are vulnerable to these three things. I am going to have a crack.
The lust for wealth is perhaps the most toxic. Society forces us to go to work and buy stuff we don't need. It's hardcoded into our mushy brains, as much as we pretend it's not.
If one can give up a love of money, one can access a higher state of consciousness.
Every conversation is a de facto opportunity
Conversations you have in life secretly lead to new opportunities.
When you speak it builds your reputation. Behind closed doors that reputation quietly buys you a ticket to opportunities — or not. You'll often never know. That's why it pays to be thoughtful when you talk.
You never know what opportunity it's about to get you access to. And when you do get a great opportunity, often, the source is left unknown.
This is the mystery of life. Embrace it in 2023. Talk people up, not down.
Do more boring things
As I've gotten older I've realized it's our ability to endure the boring things that determines our success.
Much of what I do day-to-day is boring. As David Foster Wallace says, we are fish living in water we can't see or comprehend. This (life) is wate
In 2023 I'm going to do more unsexy things. Because they are the activities that have allowed me to quit the corporate world forever.
Embrace boring monotony in a field you give a crap about.
We die like we go to sleep
This last upgrade is kinda morbid. Hear me out.
I think about death often because it keeps me motivated. I read a comment online that said we did like we go to sleep. Think about it.
You have no memory of before you were born. You were asleep also known as not alive. When we die it's like going to sleep. We don't feel it. We just don't wake up anymore. We won't even realize.
And once everyone has had a week or two to mourn, they will go back to their to-do list and maybe think of you once (if that) a year. Within 1–2 generations your existence will be forgotten forever.
No one goes back through the funeral notices for a fun read. Most of us actively avoid them.
Now you know all the things you'll worry about in 2023 won't matter so much. Let it set your mind free and inspire you.
CONTRIBUTED BY Tim Denning
Previous article🌻5 Common Habits That Drain Your Energy and Leave You Mentally Drained(MUST READ)
Next article🌻10 Mental Models for Learning Anything(POWERFUL)


As of October 2018 lot 1 (kavel 1) in the Binckhorst area in The Hague will be used by 'Frank is een Binck'. Until then, the lot will be used for 'BinckLab', a Stebru initiative that mainly focuses on the creation of a new and temporary purpose for lot 1.
Bincklab is officially opening its doors at March 6 and welcomes citizens of The Hague to join the opening and to share their ideas about the purpose of the lot.
Not able to attend? The Binkclab team will be present from 6 until 17 March. The central meeting place is a greenhouse. The greenhouse opens daily from noon until 6 pm (12:00 – 18:00).


A person without faith in themselves is like a candle without a flame, though it may have a physical presence, it is not really living up to its full potential because it is not providing any light to the world. Having faith in ones own self, is a quality that breeds more qualities. When someone is able to believe in themselves they are then able to dream, make plans, set goals for themselves, and be motivated and determined to do these things because of the faith they have in themselves. Those who have faith in themselves also rub off on the people around them, and usually help inspire people who are able to make a real change to the world. We must not be afraid to live as the people who we really are deep down in hearts, for in this world of darkness, every candle that is lit will help provide a great amount of light.
When we let our faith be bigger than our fears we are able to take advantage of the doors that are open for us in our lives to the fullest extent. In an attempt to live our best lives, we must be willing to let our faith be bigger than our fears. Using your faith requires that you have enough courage to resist your fear. Though there are some who fear affects less than others, fear is something that will probably never be absent in us whenever we seek to conquer the unknown.
Be joyful in hope patient in affliction faithful in prayer.
One of the most powerful catalyst in anyones life is the hope that they have in life, and the belief that if they keep their hope at a high level, even in times that life is testing them, that they will be blessed enough to go places in life that they could have never foresaw. A lot of us dont have a clear vision of where we are going in life, but as long as there is some sort of vision, a lot of motivation in their heart, and a flame of hope inside of them selves that will never go out, chances are they will achieve great things, and will go very far in their lives.
Bigger doesn't mean better and better doesn't mean good.
The heart can do things and see things that our minds and eyes can't do. Life isn't always about having the best of everything to get to where you are going.


text:
class YARD::Handlers::Ruby::ClassHandler < YARD::Handlers::Ruby::Base
  include YARD::Handlers::Ruby::StructHandlerMethods
  handles :class, :sclass
  namespace_only

  process do
    if statement.type == :class
      classname = statement[0].source
      superclass = parse_superclass(statement[1])
      if superclass == "Struct"
        is_a_struct = true
        superclass = struct_superclass_name(statement[1]) # refine the superclass if possible
        create_struct_superclass(superclass, statement[1])
      end
      undocsuper = statement[1] && superclass.nil?
      klass = register ClassObject.new(namespace, classname) do |o|
        o.superclass = superclass if superclass
        o.superclass.type = :class if o.superclass.is_a?(Proxy)
      end
      if is_a_struct
        parse_struct_superclass(klass, statement[1])
      elsif klass
        create_attributes(klass, members_from_tags(klass))
      end
      parse_block(statement[2], :namespace => klass)

      if undocsuper
        raise YARD::Parser::UndocumentableError, 'superclass (class was added without superclass)'
      end
    elsif statement.type == :sclass
      if statement[0] == s(:var_ref, s(:kw, "self"))
        parse_block(statement[1], :namespace => namespace, :scope => :class)
      else
        classname = statement[0].source
        proxy = Proxy.new(namespace, classname)

        # Allow constants to reference class names
        if ConstantObject === proxy
          if proxy.value =~ /\A#{NAMESPACEMATCH}\Z/
            proxy = Proxy.new(namespace, proxy.value)
          else
            raise YARD::Parser::UndocumentableError, "constant class reference '#{classname}'"
          end
        end

        if classname[0,1] =~ /[A-Z]/
          register ClassObject.new(namespace, classname) if Proxy === proxy
          parse_block(statement[1], :namespace => proxy, :scope => :class)
        else
          raise YARD::Parser::UndocumentableError, "class '#{classname}'"
        end
      end
    else
      sig_end = (statement[1] ? statement[1].source_end : statement[0].source_end) - statement.source_start
      raise YARD::Parser::UndocumentableError, "class: #{statement.source[0..sig_end]}"
    end
  end

  private

  # Extract the parameters from the Struct.new AST node, returning them as a list
  # of strings
  #
  # @param [MethodCallNode] superclass the AST node for the Struct.new call
  # @return [Array<String>] the member names to generate methods for
  def extract_parameters(superclass)
    members = superclass.parameters.select {|x| x && x.type == :symbol_literal}
    members.map! {|x| x.source.strip[1..-1]}
    members
  end

  def create_struct_superclass(superclass, superclass_def)
    return if superclass == "Struct"
    the_super = register ClassObject.new(P("Struct"), superclass[8..-1]) do |o|
      o.superclass = "Struct"
    end
    parse_struct_superclass(the_super, superclass_def)
    the_super
  end

  def struct_superclass_name(superclass)
    if superclass.call?
      first = superclass.parameters.first
      if first.type == :string_literal && first[0].type == :string_content && first[0].size == 1
        return "Struct::#{first[0][0][0]}"
      end
    end
    "Struct"
  end

  def parse_struct_superclass(klass, superclass)
    return unless superclass.call? && superclass.parameters
    members = extract_parameters(superclass)
    create_attributes(klass, members)
  end

  def parse_superclass(superclass)
    return nil unless superclass

    case superclass.type
    when :var_ref
      return namespace.path if superclass.first == s(:kw, "self")
      return superclass.source if superclass.first.type == :const
    when :const, :const_ref, :const_path_ref, :top_const_ref
      return superclass.source
    when :fcall, :command
      methname = superclass.method_name.source
      if methname == "DelegateClass"
        return superclass.parameters.first.source
      elsif superclass.method_name.type == :const
        return methname
      end
    when :call, :command_call
      cname = superclass.namespace.source
      if cname =~ /^O?Struct$/ && superclass.method_name(true) == :new
        return cname
      end
    end
    nil
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub