For a lot of lecturers, the Cricut Expression die minimize machine tops their again-to-college want listing of classroom tools. However, as in the South Carolina case, the courtroom sustained the validity of the contested provisions and denied the plaintiffs admission to the white colleges in the course of the equalization program. College students concerned in continuing schooling can be very selective in the case of selecting their programs.
This involves studying via each theoretical parts of a course, as well as social interplay with both instructors and different students. Schools and universities will need to make it simpler for employers to post job openings on-line and view a scholar's background and resume.
Graduating with a bachelor's requires a excessive time and examine investment and it is more difficult to realize than a simply an associates. Related circumstances could possibly be made for other severe disabilities too that demand too much of the principle stream teacher's individual time and a focus.
Florida Worldwide University's on-line grasp's in education prepares particular ed lecturers to work with children who need extra help, including those with studying disabilities, emotional and behavioral issues, and youngsters on the autism spectrum.
Bodily therapy as a profession is profitable. With out query, the majority of what a young child learns will take place in class, but there may be also far more that children will learn, and must learn, outside the classroom. Fells: Primarily based on what we have mentioned, I agree that the purpose of schooling will be summarized as getting ready college students to reside the nice life.
Such video games and actions improve private studying and improvement that no guide can present. In 1975, Congress enacted Public Law ninety four-142, extra commonly often called the Education for All Handicapped Youngsters Act (EHA). Some folks really feel the government is doing so due to strain from "higher powers" to increase the educational well-being of students with out receiving any opposition to the adjustments.
The best games target the preschool and kindergarten children, while the more difficult video games, which could goal a particular talent, are excellent for the older youngster.
The general public schools want Christian college students. Family members might have a profound educational effect – typically more profound than they notice – although family instructing may function very informally. Nearly any subject of research that takes an excessive amount of study to turn out to be a recognized member would require persevering with schooling.
The naive, concerned mother or father then takes her child to a toddler psychiatrist, who too often recommends Ritalin or different mind-altering drugs to 'clear up' the alleged 'ADHD.' Multiply this scenario tens of millions of occasions over, and we have an epidemic of school youngsters taking these probably harmful drugs.
All these is turning into possible solely in the very latest instances by the unimaginable developments of the Internet, related applied sciences and communications; the autumn of the Eastern Communist Block, the growth of the European Union, the coming into of WTO by China and by the expending freedom of business all around the Globe which as a consequence elevated International Productiveness, Access to the Market Place, fast jump from Ideas to Realization, opening the International Employment Market, allowing expanding World Direct Investment, allowing Internet Education and Self Training.
Individuals typically assume that online students aren't smart sufficient for a standard college or university, they're lazy, and they don't get real" degrees. Within this article, I'll try to paint an image of how know-how will shape the best way we educate college students within the next decade.
Do you suppose you've what it takes to become a particular training trainer? The team should contemplate what lodging, companies, and supports your baby would have to be profitable in that setting after which provide for them on the IEP. What's educational philosophy or what is the position of philosophy in education are the key questions need to be answered.
Oh, in fact they do not name it a layoff, they cowl that by calling academics positions slots, and just tell you the mother and father that there are no slots left. My favourite educational recreation is "Studying Jeopardy" there are squares on the board, beneath various classes, each value growing amounts of factors.
What does wealth imply to you? It takes a longer time to speculate since you will have to start over in freshmen courses to acquire a new faculty degree. Getting your masters degree can get you even more superior jobs similar to FBI agent or police chief. High quality and educational outcomes: It is difficult to generalize about the high quality of personal schools.
This subsequently increases the ability-ranges needed of on-line training instructors, inserting greater demand on educational establishments. Had we've an IDEA, our special training needs children can have an unlimited pool of professionals and correct assessment accessible to them.
The genesis of philosophy might be noticed across a variety of human pursuits such as faith, inventive arts, training and financial system. Making a token economic system is a good way to arrange educational video games to help all college students learn. Often, when kids start to homeschool again, their socialization expertise improve, and they shortly adapt and like homeschooling again. An accelerated on-line degree presents many different advantages for the prospective scholar, whether or not you're starting from scratch otherwise you need to end a degree program that you just began years in the past.


Reasons To Travel To Zanzibar For Holidays. Scroll Down For Details..
An inimitable Indian Ocean island, off the coast of Tanzania, Zanzibar is the quintessential destination that affords superlative historical, cultural, exploratory and eco-tourism beach experiences in East Africa. It seems to have everything that any like-minded sightseer might look for. It has a distinct, ethnical history that is a remarkable amalgamation of the many travelers that passed through it for centuries. Arabs, Indians, Persians, European and even a trace of Chinese, each left an indelible mark in the form of architectural styles and culture that now contribute to its charm. Side by side is the rise and fall of many empires that left behind ruins and other remnants, but their presence is still felt in the blood of the traditional Zanzibarian. Along with strong Swahili influences, the Zanzibar you see today is unique in every respect from their cuisine to semantics, fruit and spices, furniture styles, the fabrics, the gorgeous hand-crafted artifacts and jewelry you find in their small duka stores and of course, the natural wonders that set it apart from any other island seaside destination in Africa. Think Zanzibar and you cannot help but ponder of the virgin beaches with their unspoilt, pristine white sands, scintillating turquoise blue of the Indian Ocean and the lush tropical vegetation that create a spell of beauty and tranquility. Even as alluring is the captivating marine life flourishing under the tepid waters of the ocean or the fauna of the Jozani Forest Reserve with its red colobus monkey denizens and many more. Visit Zanzibar with AfricanMecca and revel in the realm of splendor and serenity as you explore it along with the other islands of this breathtakingly dazzling archipelago.
For Tour Planning Guidance On Zanzibar, Please Contact Us.
On your beachfront holiday in Zanzibar, stretch out on a quaint sisal daybed or get rocked to sleep in a hammock strung between two palm trees facing the turquoise Indian Ocean. The warm tropical sun peeks down at you from gaps in the leaves while the soft breezes scented with the unique fragrance of the spices growing on the island mingling with the aroma of organic coconuts, fruit and other flora surround you. There is an alluring freshness in the air, and as you slip into a languorous siesta, only the sounds of the gentle waves twirling on the unbelievably white sands and the rustling of the trees create a serene harmony. Though, you might detect the tunes of birds adding to the melody. As you awaken, the scintillating azure of the Indian Ocean greets your eyes with the sun rays skimming on the waves that are subdued by the reefs and coral formations under the surface. There is a mystical ambience all around that is pleasurable and tranquil. Bathe in the tropical sunlight or take a dip in the waters that feel a pleasant tepid on the skin. Emerge from the ocean to a delectable spiced meal of the scrumptious seafood, meats, vegetables and succulent fruits. As the tide goes out, you can walk along the natural pools on the shore to spot the tiny marine creatures stranded in them waiting for the next tide to come in. These are only some of the dream-like experiences you will have on your seaside vacation with AfricanMecca.
Stone Town is the capital of the island of Zanzibar and has been declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. Walk through its narrow labyrinth alleyways while on your Swahili cultural tour and you will see why. This ancient metropolis has preserved traces of most historical events that occurred in it. The Anglican and Catholic churches remind you of the colonial advent on the island while the mosques, Omani palaces, the old fort and cannons talk to you of the yesteryear Sultan's statehood presence. The intricate carved doors and latticed windows bring to mind the Swahili essence of the island while the fresh spices selling in the stalls talk of the island's ancient significance on the spice route. Zanzibar's Stone Town has preserved most of its wonders and fiercely clings to the tranquil, laid-back pace of everyday life. Even today, you will find old men drinking kahawa (coffee) on the town squares baraza while kids play around happily along the alleys and around the gardens of Forodhani. The old houses crafted with coral limestone; their plaster peeling off and lichens adorning them shade the labyrinth lanes that lead you through the market stalls. It is easy to see why it was a shopper's paradise in the past. You can buy exquisitely carved artifacts, beautiful jewelry, varied seafood fresh from the ocean, luscious organic fruits harvested from a nearby farm, incredibly distinct traditional clothing from kitenge to Swahili dresses and so much more. Visit Stone Town on your day excursion of Zanzibar with AfricanMecca and lose yourself in a long-gone era.
As you will appreciate when traveling in Zanzibar, it is not a single island, but an archipelago made up of many small and large islands. Some of the smaller islands are actually ancient coral formations over which vegetation has formed a green cover and now house many unique creatures. But it is the underwater marine realm that is captivatingly beautiful. As you slip into the warmish waters, you will enter a paradise illuminated only by the sunshine filtering down. It lights up the many hues of the living coral and the multi-colored diversity of pelagic, demersal and coral fish denizens. There are both shallow and deep sites you can explore, and that makes these reefs ideal for snorkeling and scuba diving around Zanzibar sites. The underwater shipwrecks around Zanzibar Island have been adapted as reefs, and experienced divers can explore the wondrous nooks and crannies of the craft. Few of the islands are now protected marine reserves, and there are many pristine sites that are as yet undiscovered. Mnemba Atoll is a superlative dive site located on the northeastern zone of the island near Matemwe. You can also snorkel here. Chumbe Marine Park only allows snorkeling to ensure maximal protection of its low lying reefs. Aquatic fauna seen during snorkel and dive excursions in Zanzibar are parrotfish, triggerfish, angelfish, octopus, glassfish, sweetlips, butterflyfish, green turtles, nudibranchs, moray eels, lionfish, moorish idols and many more. Your ocean trip to Africa during the migratory season can earn you thrilling sightings of humpback whales and plankton eating whale sharks.
Even in modern times, like it did in the ancient world, Zanzibar's spices attract aficionados from all over the globe. The incredible habitat of the island is ideal for growing many spices such as cinnamon, chilies, nutmeg, black pepper, ginger, cloves, bulls heart, turmeric, lemon grass and many more. Visit the spice plantations when vacationing in Zanzibar and enjoy viewing them as they ripen on the trees. You could also pluck them from its shrubs and trees, and learn about the amazing processes by which they are readied for use. When touring the spice and fruit farmlands, you will learn more about the amazing properties of the seasonings. Aside from the individual flavors they lend to any kind of cuisine, some have amazing medicinal benefits and can be used to cure many ailments. Learn from the village locals the home remedies they can concoct. Spices are also used as coloring and as a component in cosmetics. You could also chance to view the fascinating clothing that is dyed for weddings and special events using the colors extracted from the spices. Watch the cinnamon being harvested from the bark of the tree and exotic fruits brought down from the trees. Enjoy them in their organic taste, and you can try and match them to the processed products you find in your local grocery store.
If you are looking for the ultimate accommodation experience on your boutique beach vacation in Tanzania, you can choose from the some of the authentic, distinctly luxury options the archipelago of Zanzibar has. When staying at these accommodations, you can expect a serene time to yourself with only the incredible beauty of the turquoise waters of the Indian Ocean, powdery-soft white sands, verdant tropical vegetation and fascinating avian, terrestrial and marine fauna. The tepid waters are crystal clear and ideal for swimming, snorkeling and diving. Your stay at the Mnemba Island Lodge, Baraza Resort & Spa, Matemwe Retreat, The Palms, Kilindi, The Residence and others, all intimately and individually characterized by exquisitely decorated rooms, opulent living spaces, sumptuous cuisine, specially cooked to your tastes, discreet service and a host of facilities such as a private plunge pool, elegant spa, library, patio gardens, infinity pools and much more. Revel in the utmost comfort and pampering, and schedule the various coastal and marine activities available from your hotel. All amenities, facilities, gourmet cuisine and fine wines are included, and the ambience of the island will weave a spell of utter allure all around you.
Zanzibar has many designated deep sea sites where you can try your hand at fishing during your African travels. Both amateurs and seasoned anglers can book a custom-built boat and an AfricanMecca assigned skipper that will channel you out to the deeper waters far from the islands. This is to avoid dropping an anchor or fishing on the protected reefs and damaging the delicate coral. The boats are well-equipped and carry all the supplies you could possibly need. The experienced skipper on board will help beginners with the intricacies of casting while the experienced guests can receive the assistance they need to raise and land their catch. Positively, conservation and sustainable sport fishing regulations require that you tag and release your catch. Under special circumstances, you might be allowed to keep you catch. Although, you can enjoy a deep seas fishing trip in Zanzibar during all the months of the year, there are some specific months such as from November to March when you can try raising billfish including blue marlins, sailfish, black marlins and also striped marlins. You could spot large tunas, wahoo, barracudas, trevally and many more. Should you visit during the months from August to November, you could chance to snag a yellowfin tuna. Your fishing trips will be made all the more stirring with detections of sharks like mako, tiger, hammerhead and thresher.
Zanzibar offers a range of thrilling customizable activities aside from Stone Town, spice farm, diving, snorkeling and fishing excursions that you can sample when on your seaside vacation in Africa. For instance, picture yourself riding a beautiful, well-trained horse on the gorgeous white sands of Kiwengwa Beach with the warm sun on your face and the breeze swaying your hair. Quad biking is yet another adventure you can go on, and both children and adults are welcome to try. Perhaps, the most interesting part of this adventure is the visit to little Zanzibari hamlet that you can only reach by quads. Relax your mind, body and soul by taking yoga classes with Jo Fox. You can choose from the diverse sites around the island and also opt for private lessons. If you enjoy active-water activities, try the kitesurfing and windsurfing. AfricanMecca guests that are trying their hand at active sports for the first time can opt for lessons from expert instructors. Do add a visit to the Seaweed Center in Paje to your itinerary during your distinct tours of Zanzibar and learn about the fascinating sustainable work they are doing by training women in seaweed farming. Other distinct excursions are biking, yachting, jet-skiing, fly-boarding, water-skiing, wake-boarding, parasailing and many more.
To sample the most authentic eco-tourism experience in Zanzibar, AfricanMecca recommends you stay at Chumbe Island Lodge while eco-holidaying in Tanzania. The incredible experience at Chumbe allows you to appreciate the wonders of living in an environment that is completely in tune with nature. You will be staying in spacious pastoral chalets that are entirely constructed with naturally occurring materials while the furniture is crafted by hand out of wooden poles. Captivating African motifs are drawn on the floors of the rooms furnished with swinging daybeds hanging from the ceiling on the lower floor. Rainwater is harvested and later filtered by eco-friendly methods for use. After use, the water is once again filtered and directed towards the watering of plants. Another interesting factor is that the plant beds are specially constructed so that the water does not reach the reefs. Eco-friendly toilets recycle waste into compost and prevent it from percolating into the porous ground where it can eventually damage the reef formations. The electricity you use is generated by the solar panels installed on the roofs of the chalets. Ocean breezes provide the cooling you need and waft through the intentional open structures scenting it with the aromas of the tropical vegetation. Lower the lattices or raise them to allow the sunshine and light zephyrs in. Later go for long walks on the powdery white sands and rock pools and enjoy tranquil castaway moments on your eco-travel in Zanzibar.
Hidden away in the heart of Zanzibar, covering 50 square kilometers of incredible natural beauty is the Jozani Forest Reserve, a must visit on your tour of this Indian Ocean Island. This reserve was designated as a protected area in the 1960s. Thanks to its establishment, the rare and endangered kirk's red colobus monkeys have received a new lease of life and are slowly recovering from the brink of extinction. There are now an estimated 2500 of this beautiful mammalian life in the reserve. You can see them swinging in the trees or foraging in the bushes, and since they are forbearing of human presence, you can take all the pictures you want. Jozani Forest Reserve forms a part of the Jozani Chwaka Bay National Park and houses many species of unique plants and trees. Your walks along the trails in the forest will treat you to the sight of sykes' monkeys, chameleons, bush babies, lizards, frogs, varied birds, the shy Ader's duiker, suni antelope and more. The Uzi and Chwaka Bays form eastern boundaries for the reserve, and the mangrove forests that thrive here are perfect habitats for diverse marine life like turtles, crabs, mollusks and more. There are many salt marshes around the bay, and you can go exploring the dry coral rag forests that are inundated with tidal waves every season. Lose yourself in this wondrous world during on your wilderness holiday in Zanzibar.
There are small islets around Zanzibar such as the Mnemba, Chumbe, Chapwani and others. These isles offer you the rare experience of living on a private island for the duration of your Indian Ocean holiday in Tanzania. These islands host only a few rooms for like-minded guests and you can spend your detox vacation in complete seclusion from the outside world. Mnemba Island in the east, covered with casuarina copses entertains not more than 20 guests (10 rooms) at a time. Here, you will be staying in eco-friendly beachfront bandas with miniature suni antelopes and other island avian denizens roving around. In the west, Chumbe Island forms a part of a protected coral reserve. When you spend time here, you will be amazed to see how humans can live without leaving a footprint on the environment. Learn about the ingenious methods by which waste is disposed of and energy created from solar power. Chapwani Island also on the west offers you the sight of varied fascinating marine creatures that are left stranded in the pools left by the receding tide. As you walk along the seashore, you could spot egrets, white herons, coconut crabs and hermit crabs. The island also has a small population of dik diks. Go on snorkeling expeditions around the private islands and revel in the splendor of the ocean on your travels in Zanzibar.


Horus was the first known national god in Nekhen, city of the falcon and religious and political capital of Upper Egypt at the end of the Prehistoric Period and during the Early Dynastic Period. It was believed that the reigning king or pharaoh was a manifestation of Horus. Every king also had a Horus name that identified him with the god.
Many falcon gods existed in Egypt over the next millennia. A great number of them were assimilated to Horus. Horus's right eye symbolized the sun or morning star and was therefore associated with the sun god Ra, while the left eye of Horus symbolized the moon.
The many aspects of Horus make him a complicated deity with an intricate mythology, passed on in a multitude of ancient texts such as the early Pyramid Texts. In the myth of OSIRIS, Horus is the son of Osiris and Isis as well as the mythical heir to Egypt's kingship. During this time, the living king was seen as a manifestation of Horus in life and of Osiris in death.
The falcon god became known as Haroeris or Horus the Elder over time. In this form he was often associated with Hathor, the ancient cow-goddess, sometimes as son and sometimes as mother. To make things more confusing, he appears in the Heliopolitan family tree as the brother of Osiris.
Horus the Elder battled his uncle Set (brother of Osiris) for 80 years after Set murdered Osiris. Set wanted the Egyptian throne for himself but was eventually defeated by Horus. According to myth, Horus' left eye was damaged in one of the battles, explaining the different phases of the moon. The eye was, however, restored by the god THOTH.
Horakhty, or "Horus of the Two Horizons," was the god of the rising and setting sun. Fused with the sun god Ra, he was also known as Ra-Horakhty and depicted as a falcon or falcon-headed man with the sun disc on his head.
The Great Sphinx of Giza, that is generally believed to depict the face of the Fourth Dynasty king Khafra, was called Hor-em-akhet, or "Horus of the Horizon," in the New Kingdom.


Ahhhhhh...high school basketball. Now I know I'm back in DC. First game of the year for me was Georgetown Prep vs. Gilman. I must admit that Georgetown Prep has one of the best high school gyms/facilities in the area and not to mention a pretty hefty tuition tag. Cal Ripken, Jr. was in attnedance. His son is allegedly on the basketball team. But it looks like the point guard from Gilman (below) was a little miffed that his team was playing so poorly. Shout out to hall of famers' sons playing different sports than their parents excelled in.


The Reds were unable to put more daylight between themselves and top-four rivals Arsenal and Manchester United after a goalless draw with Southampton on Sunday afternoon.
Liverpool were on the hunt for a Champions League berth while Southampton will be wanted to get back to winning ways after two losses and a draw, and they would need to be on top form if they were to get a result in Merseyside.
Liverpool midfielder James Milner's first missed penalty in more than seven years cost his side victory at home to Southampton.
The experienced player shouldered responsibility for a setback that left Liverpool's Champions League qualification prospects out of their hands during a post-match interview but Klopp refused to be so harsh.
'We will be in Europe, but the Champions League is where everyone wants to play.
'They got two yellow cards and with the delay, for us to have only four minutes additional time is ambitious.
"We've talked about whether they need a Plan B. But maybe actually they need to improve on Plan A because they've stopped doing something".
Forster also tipped substitute Marko Grujic's late header over, leaving Liverpool third in the table on 70 points, a point clear of fourth-placed Manchester City, who have a game in hand.
"I've been around long enough not to let that affect me", Milner said of Forster's antics.
Republicans claim the bill will prevent voter fraud, but Democrats says the new law will make it harder to vote. He said the ACLU failed to show how the new law would create an undue burden for women seeking abortions.
"WHAT unites us is greater than what divides us", read a banner in the Kop prior to the match between Liverpool and Southampton, and there was nothing to divide these two teams after 90 minutes.
"I don't know if he went early or not but he is a big lad and he has seen me take a lot of penalties when we have been taking them with England at the Euros". From the few chances Liverpool were able to muster they never really looked like beating Fraser Forster.
Klopp didn't make any changes at half-time and frustration in the ground was growing as things didn't get better following the restart, until the Reds won a penalty following a handball from youngster Jack Stephens, who threw his elbow in the air and caught the ball following a cross from Lucas Leiva.
His penalty was saved at the foot of the right hand side by an outstretched Forster, symptomatic of both Liverpool and Milner's performance on the day.
"How would we feel if we miss out?"
"Some people will say everyone will play like this but they will not".
"It's not flawless, but it keeps us still on track and that's the most important information", the manager told Liverpoolfc.com following the stalemate with Southampton.
'You could see passes wondering why they were doing that'.
It is also probably that there will be multiple variants of the tablet and at least one of them will offer cellular connectivity. The display itself will remain unchanged, most likely to make sure that all the add ons for Z-series devices will stay useful.
The film will have grand action sequences and Kangana is doing her best to match up to her director's vision. Manikarnika release date is announced as April 27, 2018 in Hindi, Telugu and Tamil languages.
Looks like on-again, off-again girlfriend and baby mama Kourtney Kardashian has traded in for a younger - and hotter - model. Kourtney doesn't seem to share the sentiment and has been seen with the 23-year-old Younes of late.
A private school in Malappuram district complained that the same questions were asked in the SSLC exams for the model examination. The state government has conducted the Class 10th Board Examination as successfully from 8th March to 23rd March 2017.
When it came to enacting revenge for Manny Machado's slide into Dustin Pedroia, however, the Red Sox' execution was bad . Note, too, that Pedroia said he'd expect to get drilled if he spiked Machado - while Machado said he expected nothing.
Individual is experiencing a mental health crisis (non-medical) should call the BHD 24/7 crisis line at 414-257-7222. When you or someone you love is dealing with a mental health concern, sometimes it is a lot to handle.
Pedroia was 1-for-3, moving into a tie with Harry Hooper for eighth place on the Red Sox's all-time hits list with 1,707. After Jones' complaints came to light, I heard from several tweeps who shot back that it was just one or two bad apples.
Reacting to his allegations, Deputy Chief Minister Manish Sisodia said they were so absurd that they did not merit any response. Mishrar, who was the tourism and water minister in Arvind Kejriwal's Delhi cabinet, was removed from his post on Saturday.
The market is expecting OPEC and other producers to extend production cuts well into the second half of the year. Rogers said charts showed the next potential stalling points were $44.20 for WTI and $47.20 for Brent.
Mourinho made eight changes for the match ahead of United's Europa League semi-final second leg against Celta Vigo on Thursday. I'm really satisfied with my performance and the performance of the team, which is most important.
Under the Russian plan, President Bashar Assad's air force would halt flights over the safe zones. Mr Abdrakhmanov said the next Syria peace talks would be held in Astana in mid-July.
Ten months into Philippine leader Rodrigo Duterte's tenure, his strategic honeymoon with China has devolved into rocky relations. No one could tell which principle he believed applied to the South China Sea dispute.
In this photograph there is a galaxy that is more than 13 billion years old , forming shortly after the birth of our universe. Six clusters of galaxies were imaged in exquisite detail , including Abell 370 which was the very last one to be finished.
Like we have always said, Mr president will stick to his doctor's advice so that he can recover much more quickly. SaharaReporters learned that no "advance team" of aides has yet left Nigeria to prepare for Mr.


Local information about the island of Anglesey. Includes ancient monuments, pictorial record of Anglesey churches, local history, and what to do on the island.Includes local advertisements listing services and products available to the island.
on clubs,hotspots,latest sights, observation stations etc. all over the world.
Everything for and about the Cotswolds area of England including Gloucestershire and Oxfordshire.
A destination guide featuring the Spanish region of Galicia and describing its major towns and cities, culture, history and scenery from a tourist perspective. The resource includes over 100 pictures and 30,000 words.
Great family resource for planning adventure vacations in 20 different adventure industries. Including dude ranches, whitewater rafting, hiking & trekking and many more. Great for the entire family- Look for our free vacation giveaways!!
A London guide to the many sites of especial historic interest which lie off the beaten tourist track. Museums & historic houses, Shakespeare's London, Dickens's London, a special American Connection section, plus much, much more.
A kid's review of what's good and what's not at WDW. Since I can't visit as often as I'd like, I'm looking for reviews and comments from other kids to keep this page up to date.
The Florida Keys have family attractions, children's activities and several kids friendly all inclusive resorts with complete amenities.
Madeira Holidays is a guide to the beautiful island of Madeira. The guide highlights some the islands resorts, provides information related to Madeira's climate and maps of the island.


For a recent Maya 2018 project (Mac), I was experimenting with a bunch of different renderers. I ended up settling on vRay, but in the process I was testing 3Delight.
The problem is the 3Delight is basically a cancer now. I'm not using anything from it anymore, but I can't get rid of it from my project without it crashing. Its presence has led to several glitches and rendering problems in my project. I can't remove the 3Delight files nor unload the plugin without massive problems and crashing.
I would like to just remove 3Delight from my computer outright, but although I'm done with the project, I would like to be able to access it for various reasons.
I'm guessing I might be able to remove any dependencies through text editor, but I have no idea what yI'm doing in that and I can't find any text that goes under 3Delight's normal naming conventions.
Any ideas on how I can remove 3Delight from my file completely?
Browse other questions tagged mac maya render-settings or ask your own question.
How to copy a character from Font Book on Max OS X Lion?
Which software should be used for simulating light beam reflection from headlight reflector?
Maya - removing namespace before importing reference objects corrupting file?
What aspects of this scene can be changed to improve it?


text:
General First name George Walter William Henry
Lastname Bray
Place of birth St. Petersburg, Russia
Place of death Kensington, London, England
George Bray was the second of the four children of William Henry Bray and Sarah Eleanor Bray (née Phillips). Both of the Bray parents had been born in England. George Bray's siblings were Sarah Eleanor, junior (b. 1883), Lucy (b. 1884) and Walter George (b. 1888). All four of the Bray children were born in Saint Petersburg, Russia, where William Bray was headmaster at a college in the city.
George Bray, who has the middle name (or patronym) 'Vassilievich' in some Russian sources, became a member of the nascent Krestovsky Lawn Tennis Club in Saint Petersburg circa 1900, and was later its treasurer. He was a director and, from 1913-17, vice-president, of the Russian-English Bank in Saint Petersburg.
George Bray won the men's singles event at the early All-Russian Lawn Tennis Championships in 1907 and 1909 and, together with his brother, Walter (listed as 'Vladimir' in some early sources), the men's doubles title in the years 1908-11. With the advent of the October Revolution in 1917, George Bray left Russia. As of September 1939, he was a company director and living in Kensington, London. His wife, Alice Augusta Bray, had died in London in August 1934.They had had at least two children together, boys name Reginald and Lawrence.
George Bray died in London in September 1954 at the age of 73. From the National Probate Calendar of England and Wales: Bray, George Walter William Henry, of 41 Kensington Mansions, Trebovir Road, Kensington, London, and of Rose Cottage, Littleham, near Bideford, Devonshire, died 1 September 1954 at 41 Kensington Mansions. Probate London, 3 February 1955 to Reginald George Arthur de Bray, university lecturer, and Lawrence Lancelot Geoffrey Bray, company director. Effects: £5,569, 4s, 7d.
Tournament wins 1909 - All-Russian Championships (Amateur)
1907 - All-Russian Championships (Amateur)
Tournaments All-Russian Championships - 1911
Mikhail Sumarokov-Elston 1 *
George Vassilievich Bray
All-Russian Championships - 1909
Waler George (Vladimir) Bray
Mr. Conrad
John Flavelle 1 *
Gunnar Setterwall 1 *
Wollmar Bostrom 1 *

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: ObservableCollection DataGrid I bound the ObservableCollection to the dataGrid  itemssource.
the collectionChangedEvent of the observable Collection is getting called only when we add, delete, remove.  But not firing when we update the record.
how to fire the event for Update too?

A: If you want to be notified when an item is changed (ie you want to subscribe to this event), you are out of luck with ObservableCollection<T> because this collection only fires the CollectionChangedEvent.
Indeed, if you implement INotifyPropertyChanged, you will see changes to the items in the view (WPF does this automatically), but if you need to execute manual actions when an item changes, you can use BindingList<T>.
For exactly this scenario I rolled out a custom BindableCollection<T>, which implements ObservableCollection<T> and adds the OnItemChangedEvent. I can provide some sample code if necessary...

A: The collection doesn't know when the record is modified. To get a notification when this happens, the record needs to implement INotifyPropertyChanged

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
660 Fifth Ave. sheds Satanic address, to reopen next year
Social Links for Steve Cuozzo
February 2, 2021 11:34am
660 Fifth Avenue is expected to open next year.	Brookfield Properties
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The office tower formerly known as 666 Fifth Ave. is putting Satan — and decades of ruinous mismanagement — behind it. Having shed the devilish address for unthreatening 660 Fifth, Brookfield Properties' 1.5 million square-foot tower between West 52nd and 53rd streets is on track to reopen in 2022 — a year ahead of previous reports.
The $400 million redesign by Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates will make the mostly vacant building unrecognizable except for its basic form. The aluminum-paneled façade, which seemed striking in 1957, is giving way to a new curtain wall of insulated glass panels. Light-flooded, semi-open floors are replacing warrens of old-fashioned, walled offices.
Four terraces will provide tenants with outdoor space, including one overlooking St. Patrick's Cathedral. The upgrades also include all-new mechanical systems, mullion-free, 200 square-foot windows, a new West 52nd Street lobby, reconfigured retail on side streets, taller ceilings on some floors, and a direct outside air supply system to bring in 50 percent more fresh air.
The air inside 666 was anything but fresh. Cigar fumes from the top-floor Grand Havana Club smoking venue permeated hallways, offices — and even the ground-floor lobby when Realty Check popped in a few years ago.The Grand Havana, like other former tenants, is gone. "You can't lease with cigar smoke," chuckled Sabrina Kanner, Brookfield's head of development, design and construction.
Although the smoke's cleared, could the club's long-ago top-floor predecessor, restaurant Top of the Sixes, make a comeback?
"Who knows?" Kanner said when we asked if it was a possibility. "We had issues with the cigar bar."
But it would be a great location for a "view" restaurant "if somebody brought us the right concept," she said.
Rendering of Brookfield's 1.5 million square-foot tower between West 52nd and 53rd streets.
Of course, even for mighty Brookfield, re-filling an entire office tower poses a daunting challenge in a time of commercial retrenchment and unprecedented fear. The tower faces competition from first-class space still available at other new projects including at SL Green's One Vanderbilt, L&L Holding Co.'s 425 Park Ave., Tishman Speyer's Spiral, and Brookfield's own Two Manhattan West in the Hudson Yards area.
Kanner noted, "Yes, Two Manhattan West has a lot of space left, but they are very different products with different appeals."
Neither Kanner nor anyone else at Brookfield would discuss rents. Midtown brokerage sources said they expected the "ask" to be in the low $100s per square foot in lower floors of 78,000 square feet and north of $200 psf in smaller, "specialty floors" near the top.
Besides an in-house team of Jeremiah Larkin, Duncan McCuaig and Mikael Nahmias, Brookfield has tapped Cushman & Wakefield heavy-hitters Bruce Mosler, Josh Kuriloff and Robert Lowe to reel in tenants.
Kanner, like others in her position, foresees an eventual return to the workplace.
"We see pent-up demand to come back to offices," she said.
Before Brookfield bought a 99-year ground lease on 666 from Kushner Cos. for $1.3 billion in 2018, the tower's history ranged from colorful to scandalous. "It's a building that everyone has some kind of history with," Kanner observed wryly.
Considered state-of-the-art when it opened in 1957, it soon came to seem cursed. Its aluminum-paneled façade looked dated overnight. Despite the prestige of its Fifth Avenue location, the tower struggled and changed hands several times until Kushner Cos. wildly overpaid Tishman Speyer for it to the tune of $1.8 billion, using mostly borrowed money.
Jared Kushner, former president Donald Trump's son-in-law, had taken up the Kushner family reins after his father, Charles Kushner, was convicted and imprisoned in 2005 over a bizarre extortion plot "that read like pulp fiction," according to the indictment. He pleaded guilty to tax evasion, making illegal campaign contributions and witness tampering.
Jared wanted his company — which was mainly active in New Jersey — to have a Manhattan "trophy" presence. The 666 Fifth purchase closed on Jan. 10, 2007 — Jared's birthday. But below-market rents and vacancies pushed the property underwater, even after Kushner sold a ground-floor retail condominium for $525 million and took Vornado in as a 49 percent partner in the offices.
Vornado later sold its office stake back to Kushner but now owns the retail unit, home to Zara and Uniqlo, which is not affected by the tower redesign.
No wonder Brookfield wanted a new name to put the tower's past behind it. It isn't just for branding — "It's a legal change of address," Kanner said.
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Next Article in Entertainment
CBS, AOL Stream Together in Radio Deal
March 7, 2008 1:05 PM PT
CBS Radio is hoping to step up its Internet presence through a deal it announced Friday with AOL.
CBS, the second-largest radio broadcaster in the U.S., plans to offer advertising-supported streams from 150 online radio stations to listeners free of charge over AOL's online radio portal.
CBS Radio, second in size only to Clear Channel Communications, will sell ad spots for AOL's network of 200 stations, and the two partners will launch a new media player and support for Apple's Macintosh computers.
The new player, scheduled for a spring launch, will include all AOL stations and several big-market CBS outlets, including stations in New York, Los Angeles, Chicago and Atlanta. More stations will come online later, the companies said.
CBS' Online Strategy
"CBS Radio continues to invest in high-growth areas, including Internet streaming," said Dan Mason, the network's president and chief executive officer. "We have been very clear about our goals in this area, and teaming with AOL is a tremendous step forward in that regard."
Time Warner-owned AOL executive vice president Kevin Conroy emphasized that the move was about listener options.
"This partnership with CBS Radio reconfirms our commitment to the expanding online radio audience and provides significantly more programming choices for our listeners," said Conroy.
The deal will feature a variety of local news, sports and music programming to AOL. New York stations in the deal, for example, are all-sports WFAN-AM and news outlet WINS-AM. The two partners will be coming up with some unique programming, they said.
Marriage of Old, New Formats
Whether this melding of old and new formats works out remains to be seen, said Philip Leigh, principal analyst for Digital Media.
"I think it's a pretty clear indication that the Internet is the new media that old media content providers are going to have to adapt to," Leigh told the E-Commerce Times. "There's nothing more convincing that CBS is recognizing that their audience is moving to the Internet."
AOL could benefit from bringing in CBS as a partner, Leigh said. "It gives them content that's recognized."
How advertising is handled could determine the success of the venture, Leigh noted. Ad spots that interrupt programming as they do on over-the-air radio could hinder the success of the project.
"The new trend on the Web is nondisruptive advertising, where the advertising will be contextually related to what's on the screen," he said. "Simply taking old-media content and transposing it to new media is not recognizing the potential of the new media."
That is indeed a risk, agreed Yankee Group analyst Mike Goodman. "The risk is based on the ad load," he told the E-Commerce Times. "But we've seen a more equitable distribution of advertising, versus content (in online programming)."
However, there's a considerable upside for both parties, Goodman noted. "I'd say this is an extension of CBS' syndication strategy for digital programming. The other way to think about it is their radio programming is predominantly ad-supported, so anything they can do to extend their reach is beneficial for CBS. And who's one of the bigger providers out there? AOL."
Padding AOL's Programming Portfolio
AOL benefits from CBS' diverse portfolio of content, Goodman noted.
"For AOL, it's programming. AOL is audience-based, as well. They're in the business of providing content to Internet users. It's about aggregating programming to generate the greatest number of ad dollars. And even though CBS is selling the advertising, I guarantee you they're sharing some of the advertising revenue with AOL."
CBS shares were trading at US$22.06 late Friday on the New York Stock Exchange. The stock had a 52-week range of $21.34 and $35.75.
Time Warner shares were at $14.89, with a range of $14.64 and $21.97.
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The XX Factor
Glenn Beck's Skit Mocking Campus Rape Is Gross and Misleading, Even for Him
By Amanda Marcotte
May 28, 201412:11 PM
You'd think that "less rape at colleges" would be one of those lofty goals that manages to rise above partisan bickering. (Republicans and Democrats both have daughters, last time I checked.) But not for Glenn Beck and his staff at the Blaze, which just released a grossly sexist skit to ridicule White House efforts to reduce rape and other forms of violence and aggression toward women on campus. His knee-jerk opposition to anything the president undertakes seems to have compelled Beck to sign off on a segment that's gross and misleading even by his own standards.
The premise of the segment is that the Obama White House is exaggerating the incidence of rape on campus. Host Stu Burguiere kicked it off by attacking the 2007 Campus Sexual Assault report and the 2010 National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey, saving most of his ire for the latter. He mostly argued semantics, saying that researchers should only count something as "rape" or "sexual assault" if the victim explicitly calls it that. (The current methodology asks people about their experiences directly, and classifies any incidents that meet the legal definition for sexual assault as such.) As far as I can tell, the only reason to eschew the more exacting legal definition and revert to hazier methods of victim self-identification is to artificially suppress the number of reported assaults, since many victims still think it's only rape if a stranger in the bushes does it.
From there, Burguiere got even more creative. One of the questions asked in the NISVS was splashed on screen, reading, "When you were drunk, high, drugged, or passed out and unable to consent, how many people ever had sex with you?" (Emphasis mine.) Burguiere found this question hilarious: "News flash! I hate to say it, but it is possible to have consensual sex while drunk or high." (Yep, it is. That's why the study included the qualifier "unable to consent.") "If you eliminate sex while drunk or high," Burguiere whined, "you eliminate about half the sex in the entire United States." Probably. Good thing no one is actually trying to do that, instead focusing their efforts on eliminating sexual assault while leaving consenting couples to their own devices.
To maximize the comic effect of the violent, humiliating abuse of women, Burguiere brought two men on camera, one dressed oh-so-hilariously as a woman, to act out "questions the study actually used to determine if a woman was raped," according to Burguiere. The male character told the female character that he was an Abercrombie model. She responded by giggling and twirling her hair, in case you forgot that women are ridiculous. Burguiere then jumped in with a big red sign reading "RAPE!" "Whoa whoa whoa, stop!" he yelled. "That's rape. Pressuring someone to have sex with you by telling them lies is the same as rape," he said sarcastically.
Gosh, that would be alarming if the NISVS did that, wouldn't it? Good thing they don't. The survey did ask people if they had sex because a person was "doing things like telling you lies, making promises about the future they knew were untrue, threatening to end your relationship, or threatening to spread rumors about you." But the study didn't classify this as rape or attempted rape—it put it in the entirely separate category of "sexual coercion." Here's the chart from the study itself:
The National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey, as its name would indicate, aims to measure more than just rape. The survey covers a wide variety of abusive and violent behaviors, including stalking and domestic violence. The idea is to get a generalized view of how coercion and abuse play out in relationships, so questions about these milder forms of coercion are posed along with questions about more serious affronts. It's dishonest to claim the NISVS called "telling lies" a form of rape.
On the other hand, objectively reporting on a study doesn't provide an easy opportunity to have a bug-eyed white guy with a big "RAPE!" arrow pointing directly at a man dressed as a misogynistic stereotype.
Can't let facts and accuracy get in the way of an arresting visual like that.


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Notes Of The Hard Dinar, The Maiden: 1 Million Dinara (Yugoslavia, 1989)-Article
This Yugoslavian banknote represents the 13th denomination of the "Hard Dinar" (6th, Series 1985).The Hard Dinar represented the first post-WWII attempt to re-stabilized the Yugoslavian Dinar. By standardizing exchange rates between the Yugoslavian Dinar and foreign hard currency. Although despite this, it's history was plagued by a number of political events.
The first being the Nixon Shock (1971), which lead to the "Hard Dinar to de-peg from the US Dollar. Followed the 1980 death of Marshal Josip Tito (1892 -1980), further worsening the political and economic situation. On 1 January 1990, the the Convertible Dinar replaced the Hard Dinar.
The observe features a portrait of young woman, representing female agricultural workers. This is the 1st variant of this portrait, which later re-appeared on the 100 "Convertible" Dinara note (1990). This later version is equal in physical size. Although is denominated down, by a factor of 10,000 to 1.
At the note's center is the 1963 Emblem of SFR Yugoslavia, featuring 6 torches. These torches are a metaphor for the 6 republics of SFR Yugoslavia. Above is multilingual text in Serbian, Croatian, Slovenian, and Macedonia. All which translates to the "National Bank of Yugoslavia". The 1st/2nd letters of this text aligns, with a faintly visible security tread.
Below the SFR Emblem is a large number "1000000" and quad text, stating the notes 1,000,000 Dinara face value. An additional vertical number "1000000" can be seen, at the left of the portrait. Toward the note's right is the watermark area. It features a mirrored image of the note's portrait.
At the top of this watermark area is a number "1000000", on a decorative "winged" design. Notably the shape of this design varies, based on the note's portrait. To the far right is vertical text in Serbian and Croatian, it translates to "Forgery is punishable by law", a warning to counterfeiters. Below on the note's lower-right corner is a serial numbers, "AC 5063554".
Notably most Yugoslav banknotes, from the 1 Million Dinara (1989) onward followed this format. The most obvious exception being the 10 and 100 January Dinar (1994), which lacked serial numbers entirely.
The reverse features an illustration of a stylized wheat "spike", representing Yugoslavia's agriculture. Just as the observe, the reverse features multilingual text. Above the illustration the text simply translates to "SFR Yugoslavia". While below is a large "1000000" and additional text, representing the note's "Million Dinara" value. Printed in Serbian, Croatian, Slovenian, and Macedonian.
The reverse watermark area features Slovenian and Macedonian text, on its counterfeit warning. The number "1000000" is backed by a different design, that is "butterfly" shaped. The serial number has been replaced by the text in all 4 national languages. With signatures, representing the Bank Governor and Deputy Governor. The text below states this note was printed in 1989, at the city of Belgrade (Beograd).
Hard Dinar Gallery
(Gallery will be updated as more banknotes are databased)
This note's dimensions are 151 x 72 mm or 5.94 x 2.83 in, larger than a US Dollar.
The Hard Dinar ISO code was YUD, it used both din. and дин as symbols.
The Hard Dinar was subdivided into 100 Para, coins were in Para and Dinar values.
Hard Dinar
Non-Aligned Movement
Macedonian Language
Slovak Language
Microtext


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Twitch will launch an advanced reporting and appeals process in 2022
A year later, what it saw was a struggle to protect its users from abuse and harassment, Twitch Its 2021 safety efforts include an overview of how the company plans to tackle the problem in 2022. In particular, Angela Hesson, vice president of Twitch's Global Trust and Safety, said the company would update its user reporting and appeal process.
It also has plans to upgrade The feature AI tool, which the company launched late last year, automatically flags people who believe it could be a repeat ban dodgers. In 2022, Twitch updates are planned on how streamers can access data from that tool. The company has previously indicated that it plans to update its sex content policy to clarify various aspects. Twitch also wants to share more and "improved" educational content across its Safety Center and other areas.
Twitch spent most of the last half of 2021 trying to stop the automated "hate campaign" harassment campaign. Attacks have seen malicious individuals use thousands of bots to spam channels with hate speech, and they often target marginalized community streamers. In September, the company said Case CruzzControl and CreatineOverdose are two of the more widespread people involved in this campaign.
"We will probably never be able to eradicate it [hate raids] Absolutely, "says Hession. However, he claims that Twitch has" significantly "reduced the number of bots on its platform through some activity in 2021. In 2022, it looks like it can continue that work with the improvements announced today.
If the company's security roadmap feels light on the details, Hesson says it's out of necessity. "The honest and unfortunate reality is that we can't always be precise because bad actors can and do use that transparency to try to thwart our efforts," he said.
At the same time, the executive acknowledges that Twitch needs to do better to communicate what it is doing to make people feel safe on its platform. It's easy to see why companies say that. When it seemed that hate campaigns could not get worse on Twitch, many producers came together. They have seen a lack of action from the company.
All products offered by Engadget are selected by our editorial team, independent of our parent company. Some of our stories include affiliate links. If you purchase something through one of these links, we can earn an affiliate commission.
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Superhero to Spacedust … Are we watching the implosion of Elon Musk, or will he indeed save the world?
Elon Musk has been called the Thomas Edison of our times. From his Paypal pay out he invested in daring dreams and radical technologies that were ahead of most other people's imaginations.
From Tesla to SpaceX, Solar City and Neuralink, Boring Company and Hyperloop, he has driven a relentless, sometimes chaotic, largely uncertain, but ruthlessly determined vision to change our world.
His goals seem incredibly worthy – to save humanity. By creating on alternative civilisation on Mars, and before that, by finding solutions to global warming, take a more responsible attitude to AI before it gets out of hand, and to democratise access to innovation.
However the stories of 100 hour working weeks, a sleeping bed in his Tesla factory, as he focused his visionary mind on trying to solve the mundane challenges of mass production, portrayed him as an entrepreneur in the pains of scale up. Making ideas mainstream.
At the same time we loved his vision. The Hyperloop train connecting cities in minutes at 1250 km/hour. And we marvelled at his progress. The SpaceX's Falcon Superheavy taking off and launching a Tesla roadster into space, and then returning to Earth, with precision landing.
We marvelled at the breadth of innovation. And we also questioned whether one mind, even an Elon Musk mind, has the capacity to cope with all this simultaneously. As targets were met, and the promises kept being extended, we wondered how many balls he could juggle, for how long.
But then came the thoughtless Tweets. The overconfident financial plans that fell foul of regulators, the podcast smoking that tarnished his shine, the courtroom battles that seemed to be a game of outspoken mavericks. It started to feel like he was losing his mind.
This week, The Times ran a fascinating article comparing Tesla to the Palm Pilot.
"Remember the Palm Pilot? Way back in 1996, the handheld "personal digital assistant" was a revelation. It was the first electronic organiser, complete with a touchscreen and handwriting recognition. It showed Palm's rivals that customers would pay — and pay handsomely — for a handheld computer, paving the way for BlackBerry and, later, the iPhone.
Yet Palm, the company, met an ignominious end. It was lapped by rivals that took the idea and ran with it. Palm, valued at $50bn on the day it floated in 2000, was passed from one acquirer to another until TCL, a little-known Chinese manufacturer, bought it in 2015 for an undisclosed sum. A plan to revive the brand has gone nowhere.
It is a cautionary tale that Tesla chief executive Elon Musk would do well to heed. His company, which showed the world that drivers would pay — handsomely — for electric cars, is on the ropes. Again. Its stock is down nearly 40% since the start of the year, closing on Friday at $190.63, and it is burning through more than $200m (£157.3m) in cash every month. Sales of the California company's high-end models have plunged.
Perhaps most importantly, Musk's rivals have woken up. Nearly 20 electric car models — from BMW, Nissan, Kia, Jaguar and others — have hit the market or will do so in the next year. Musk, who has ploughed a lonely furrow for years, suddenly finds himself facing an all-out assault from Detroit and Frankfurt. The 47-year-old billionaire created the category; now he is at risk of being crowded out. It begs the question: could Tesla become the Palm of electric cars?
More and more investors are asking just that. Dan Ives has long been a Musk believer. Just six months ago he set Tesla's price target at $440 a share and called it "one of the most dynamic technology innovators over the past 30 years".
Ives, an analyst at the investment firm Wedbush, last week slashed his price target to $230, saying: "It feels like the walls are caving in." Meanwhile, in a call with clients, Morgan Stanley's Adam Jonas said the company had swung rapidly "from a growth story to a distressed credit and restructuring story".
What's changed? In a word, credibility.
It was only three weeks ago that Musk raised $2.7bn with shares and convertible loans — money he had spent most of the past year saying he didn't need. In a call with investors, he said the cash was a "contingency fund". He added: "We don't expect to spend this capital."
It was no secret that the company was losing money, but all seemed under control. At an "autonomy day" just days earlier, Musk — ever the showman — had set out how Tesla would become a $500bn giant thanks to a plan to turn its global fleet into autonomous robo-taxis.
Then everything appeared to change — and with extraordinary speed. In a leaked email Musk sent to employees on May 16, he laid down the law on a "hardcore" cost-cutting plan, writing: "All expenses of any kind anywhere in the world, including parts, salary, travel expenses, rent, literally every payment that leaves our bank account, must be reviewed, confirmed as critical and the top of every page of outgoing payments signed by our chief financial officer. I will personally review and sign every 10th page."
The extreme measures were for good reason, the chief executive explained. The $2.7bn "contingency fund" had morphed into a lifeline — and a short one at that. Musk wrote that, based on Tesla's high burn rate, the cash "actually only gives us approximately 10 months".
He has form for saying one thing, then doing another. Every year since its 2010 float, except for last year, Tesla has tapped investors or banks for more money. Often, the fundraisings have followed Musk's fervent proclamations of Tesla's financial strength.
Yet, until recently, investors seemed to be giving him the benefit of the doubt. He was trying to pull off something revolutionary — starting an all-electric car company from a blank sheet of paper. After this month's fundraising, patience appears to be thinning, principally because the well-publicised "master plan" that Musk laid out is not working as expected.
The key to Tesla's hopes of turning a profit and breaking the cycle of bailouts is the Model 3 "electric car for the masses".
In 2017, Tesla made 2,900. Last year, it churned out 180,000. The goal for 2019? At least 250,000, based on production rates from the first few months.
The numbers are impressive — even if the company has been through what Musk has called "production hell" to get there — but the ramp-up is occurring just as Tesla is squeezed by two forces: its own debts and a deluge of new competition.
The company owes about $10bn, with two big chunks falling due soon: a $1.1bn payment by the end of the year, and a further $819m in 2020. At the end of the first quarter, its cash pile sat at $2.8bn.
Factoring in the upcoming debt repayments, and a $200m-plus monthly cash burn, it is clear why Musk is checking his coffee receipts. Breaking into the black, and doing so very soon, is vital. "The debt is a noose around Tesla's neck," Ives said. "The math doesn't lie."


text:
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    \Huge\bfseries{Front-End Signal Processing for Red Pitaya Spectrum Analyzer}\\[1ex]
    \Large\mdseries{Bachelor Thesis: Specifications and Planning}\\[3ex]

    \normalsize\mdseries

    \input{images/titlepage/impzChain25.tikz}

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    \begin{tabular}{>{\bfseries}rl}
        Degree Program: & Electrical Engineering and Information Technology \\[2mm]
        Course:         & Project \num{6}\\[2mm]
        Coaches:        & Prof. Dr. Richard Gut, Michael Pichler \\[2mm]
        External Expert & Dr. J\"urg Stettbacher \\[2mm]
        Team:           & Raphael Frey, Noah H\"usser \\[2mm]
        Date:           & August 18, 2017 \\[2mm]
        Revision:       & 1.0.0 \\[2mm]
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\mainmatter

\chapter{Initial Situation} % <<< ------------------------------------------------ %
\label{ch:initial}
% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- %

To replace  common lab tools which  are usually expensive and  big, Red Pitaya
produces a board  called STEMlab which features  a capable (125$\frac{MS}{s}$,
14bit) ADC and a ZYNQ SoC from Xilinx. The idea is to record data on the board
and transmit it  using the network infrastructure  to a PC which  does all the
number crunching.

To  reduce the  data rate  and processing  load, downsampling  filters can  be
enabled to decimate the signal. The filters are necessary in order to keep the
Nyquist theorem is fulfilled and to prevent aliasing. Sadly, the stock filters
are not  quite as capable  as desired, as they  do not attenuate  the stopband
well enough and have a frequency response not as flat as desired.

A  previous project  implemented  new filter  chains which  are  based on  IIR
filters. While those  filter chains worked  well in theory (i.e.  their design
was  fundamentally  sound),  they  did not  produce  satisfactory  results  in
practice.

This project  aims to  analyze the  previous work with  respect to  design and
implementation of those  filter chains, and to reproduce and  fix the problems
that exist in the earlier solution.

The   structure  of   the   idea   behind  the   STEMlab   can   be  seen   in
Figure~\ref{fig:system}.

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    \caption{Block diagram of the STEMlab 125}
    \label{fig:system}
\end{figure}

\chapter{Objectives} % <<< ------------------------------------------------ %
\label{ch:objectives}
% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- %

\emph{Note:} \emph{Revised}  goals are  the result  of decisions  and findings
during the project, which have lead to amendments in its goals.

\section{Must Haves}
    \begin{enumerate}
        \item Analysis of the previous project
        \begin{enumerate}
            \item What was the exact strategy?
            \item Why did it fail?
            \item How can potential mistakes be fixed?
            \item Is the project salvageable?
        \end{enumerate}
            \item Comparing and finding a solution to implement the desired filter chains
        \begin{enumerate}
            \item Start over from the beginning, or
            \item Continue working on the existing solution.
        \end{enumerate}
            \item A complete specification for all the filter chains with respect to
        \begin{enumerate}
            \item Decimation Rates
            \item Attenuation in stopband
            \item Maximum ripple in passband
        \end{enumerate}
        \item A complete simulation of the filter chains either in Matlab or another tool.
        \item Filter implementation on the FPGA
        \item Verification of the performance of the implemented filters
    \end{enumerate}

\clearpage
\section{Must Haves (revised)}

After  analysis of  the previous  project and  the overall  STEMlab ecosystem,
these are the modified/amended objectives. For the full analysis, see the main
project report.

\begin{enumerate}
    \item Develop our own STEMlab toolchain including
    \begin{enumerate}
        \item Build system
        \item Good documentation
        \item Vivado TcL scripts
    \end{enumerate}
    \item Develop our own oscilloscope application
    \begin{enumerate}
        \item A server on the STEMlab
        \item A scope application in JavaScript
    \end{enumerate}
\end{enumerate}

\section{Nice to Haves}
\begin{enumerate}
    \item Additional scoping application features
    \begin{enumerate}
        \item Automatic SNR calculation
        \item Automatic THD calculation
        \item Multiple trace sources
        \item Different types of triggers
    \end{enumerate}
\end{enumerate}

\section{Do Not Implement (revised)}

\begin{enumerate}
    \item IIR filter chains
\end{enumerate}

\chapter{Objects of Delivery} % <<< ------------------------------------------------ %
\label{ch:objectives}
% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- %

\begin{itemize}
    \item Specifications (periodically, 18.08.2017)
    \item Working Implementation of the Filter Chains (18.08.2017)
    \item Working Implementation of the JavaScript Scoping Application (18.08.2017)
    \item Factsheet (31.08.2017)
    \item Technical Report (18.08.2017), including Developer and User Guides
    \item Working Repository (containing  READMEs, Toolchain, Virtual Machine,
            Calculations, Simulations, Measurements, etc.) (18.08.2017)
    \item Presentation (15.09.2017)
\end{itemize}

\chapter{Concept (revised)} % <<< ------------------------------------------------ %
\label{ch:concept}
% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- %

\section{Toolbox (revised)}

Since it has become  apparent that the STEMlab project base  led by Red Pitaya
is going through a major overhaul and it is uncertain whether this will change
in the future, we will develop our own toolbox.

We will implement a  toolchain that can build an ARM Linux  image with all the
necessary  components. This will  be done  based  on the  original Red  Pitaya
patches to  make the Linux  run on  the ZYNQ and  some scripts of  Open Source
projects which we will adapt to our needs and a more general toolchain.

We will use  GNU/Linux as a Platform  and Matlab and Vivado  for filter design
and implementation, respectively.

For  the  JavaScript  Application  we  will  use  node.js,  yarn,  rollup  and
mithril.js for the implementation.

\section{Realization (revised)}

The  preceding project  implemented filter  systems by  cascading several  IIR
filters.  While IIR filters tend to use fewer resources for a given transition
band width than FIR  filters, it still turned out that  resource usage was too
high to implement filter cascades for both channels present on the STEMlab.

Consequently, the  decision was made to  exploit CIC filters in  this project.
They are very computationally efficient and can be used as initial stages in a
filter cascade,  followed by FIR  filters to  shape the passband  response and
clean  up any  undesired  effects  which may  have  been  introduced into  the
frequency response of the system. Two types  of CIC filters are used: One with
a  decimation ratio  of  \num{25},  and another  with  a  decimation ratio  of
\num{125}.  Both are then followed by their respective compensation FIR filter
and more FIR filters for the final rate reduction.

As it has  been decided to develop an entirely  self-dependent solution of the
project, general components  on the FPGA such  as an ADC controller  or a data
logger are required. For the ADC part an  IP from Pavel Demin will be utilized
(see the project  report for further remarks and source). For  the logger part
an IP core that Mr. Hüsser developed in a previous project will be used.

For the ARM Core, a Linux will be  set up that can communicate with the logger
core via  a GNU/Linux kernel  module. A server application will  be developed
which will run on the Linux to send  the data written to the RAM by the logger
to the network. This will be done using WebSockets.

The    oscilloscope    web    application   will    be    implemented    using
JavaScript. WebSockets are used  to transmit and receive data to  and from the
network.  As build systems, yarn and rollup will be used. To implement the GUI
side of the application, mithril.js will be deployed.

\section{Testing}

To test the performance of the filters, a series of tests will be performed.

The following metrics will be calculated from the measured data.

\begin{itemize}
    \item The RMS frequency response
    \item The SNR frequency response
    \item The attenuation in the stopband
\end{itemize}

Optional testing would involve a comparison to the reference implementation and to a commercial spectrum analyzer.

\chapter{Project Timeline (revised)} % <<< ------------------------------------------------ %
\label{ch:initial}
% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- %

\begin{a3pages}
    \begin{figure}
        \centering
        \input{../../doc/report/images/pm/timetable.pgf}
        \caption{The timetables of the project. The planned and effective time spans are visible.}
    \end{figure}
\end{a3pages}

\chapter{Work Packages (revised)} % <<< ------------------------------------------------ %
\label{ch:wpac}
% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- %

        %wpac:
        %{Start Date}
        %{End Date}
        %{Hours}
        %{Ancestors}
        %{Descendants}
        %{Assignee}
        %{Description}

\section{General Prerequisite Tasks}
\label{sec:general}

Contains tasks to get an overview  of the previous project's current state and
to define  further steps and  requirements to  this project which  follow from
that.

\subsection{Read Literature about the Existing Project}
\label{subsec:general:read}

\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {None}
    {}
    {Raphael Frey, Noah Hüsser}
    {%
        Read  the preceding  project's documentation  and general  information
        about  the STEMlab  board to  get familiar  with the  project and  its
        general state. Based  on this,  the specifications will  be determined
        and  the  project requirements  (this  document)  will be  revised  to
        reflect the new findings.%
    }

\subsection{Tutorial to IIR Filters}
\label{subsec:general:iir}

\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {None}
    {}
    {Raphael Frey, Noah Hüsser}
    {%
        Complete  the  lab course  about  IIR  filters  and their  bit  growth
        problems and fixes provided by Mr. Pichler.
    }

\subsection{Assess Results of the Predecessor Project}
\label{subsec:general:assess}

\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {Read Literature about the Existing Project}
    {}
    {Raphael Frey, Noah Hüsser}
    {%
        Define what the current project status  is and where we can connect to
        the predecessor project.
    }

\subsection{Outline the Project}
\label{subsec:general:outline}

\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {\ref{subsec:general:assess}}
    {}
    {Raphael Frey, Noah Hüsser}
    {%
        Define what  the requirements for the  project are and which  of those
        are a must and which a nice to have.
    }

\section{Filter Design}
\label{sec:filters}

Contains the  work packages  relating to  filter design  in Matlab  and filter
implementation in the FPGA tool chain.

\subsection{Filter Research}
\label{subsec:filter:research}

\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {\ref{subsec:general:outline}}
    {}
    {Raphael Frey}
    {%
        Research the digital filter technologies which will be needed for this
        project. In particular, this includes FIR and CIC filters, since Xilinx
        provide predefined blocks for these filters in their toolchain.

        Besides the general knowledge on digital filters, the Xilinx toolchain
        must be researched in order to understand the FIR and CIC filter blocks
        and allow their usage.
    }

\subsection{Determine Filter Specifications}
\label{subsec:filter:specification}

\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {\ref{subsec:filter:research}, \ref{subsec:general:outline}}
    {}
    {Raphael Frey}
    {%
        Specify the minimum and nice to have requirements for filters.
        Document this well.
    }

\subsection{Matlab Scripts for Filter Design}
\label{subsec:filter:matlab}

\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {\ref{subsec:filter:specification}}
    {}
    {Raphael Frey}
    {%
        Matlab scripts  which design  various filter chains. These  consist of
        one  or  several  dispatcher  scripts  where  the  filter  chains  are
        specified in  terms of  their frequency  band properties,  and scripts
        which actually design the filters according to these specifications.

        Specifically,   scripts  for   generating   CIC   filters  and   their
        compensation  filters, as  well  as FIR  filters  are needed. For  FIR
        filters, the resulting  coefficients are to be saved in  files so that
        they can be loaded by the Xilinx tool chain.

        If possible, Matlab's parallelism should be exploited to reduce filter
        design times.
    }

\subsection{TCL Scripts for Filter Evaluation}
\label{subsec:filter:tcl}

\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {\ref{subsec:filter:matlab}}
    {}
    {Raphael Frey}
    {%
    In  order to  assess the  resource usage  of the  filter chains  which are
    designed by  Matlab, the respective  filter blocks  (CIC, FIR) need  to be
    implemented in Vivado and a bitstream must be compiled.

    Since       the      number       of       filters      generated       by
    package~\ref{subsec:filter:matlab}  can  be  very large  (dozens  or  even
    hundreds of filters), this process must be automated to be of any use. For
    this, Tcl scripts are used.

    For FIR  filters, the scripts load  the coefficient files which  have been
    generated by Matlab.  Vivado will generate usage reports which can then be
    automatically post-processed.
    }

\subsection{Document Filter Design and Implementation}
\label{subsec:filter:doc}

\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {\ref{subsec:filter:tcl}}
    {}
    {Raphael Frey}
    {%
        Documentation  for the  filter  design  tool chain. The  documentation
        should be sufficiently detailed so that  the tool chain can be used by
        a person who wishes to create new filters for a new bitstream.
    }

\section{Documentation}
\label{sec:docs}

\subsection{Disposition}
\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {None}
    {}
    {Noah H\"usser}
    {%
    Create a general outline of the thesis document.%
    }

\subsection{Report}
\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {None}
    {}
    {Raphael Frey, Noah H\"usser}
    {%
    Continuously  check, restructure  and  update the  report  to current  new
    insights.  Compile and round out the  actual thesis document after all the
    different parts have been written.%
    }

\section{Firmware}
\label{sec:firmware}

\subsection{Linux}
\label{subsec:fw:linux}

\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {None}
    {}
    {Noah H\"usser}
    {%
    Boot an Ubuntu Linux onto the Red Pitaya.%
    The target here  is to have a  ARM Linux distribution which  boots fine on
    the STEMlab.  The official sources  from the STEMlab project should be
    used as they contain a lot of patches for the STEMlab hardware.
    A standalone toolchain has to be developed as the compiled versions do not
    contain the right device tree (DT) and board support package (BSP).
    Compiling in the right DT and BSP is not part of this task.
    }

\subsection{Server Application}
\label{subsec:fw:server}

\subsubsection{Server Design Choices}
\label{subsubsec:fw:server:design-decisions}
\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {None}
    {}
    {Noah H\"usser}
    {%
        It has to be determined what  technology should be used to provide the
        server side of the data transmission.   The server needs to be able to
        perform IOCTL  calls and to serve  data with the chosen  protocol over
        the network. It has to run on the arm GNU/Linux and shouldn't have too
        many  dependencies.  A  C-like language  will most  likely serve  best
        since it's close to the kernel.
    }

\subsubsection{Build External Libraries and Test Them}
\label{subsubsec:fw:server:external}
\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {\ref{subsubsec:fw:server:design-decisions}}
    {}
    {Noah H\"usser}
    {%
        A  library  for  networking  and  another  for  JSON  are  needed. The
        requirements  will  be decided  by  the  specifications of  the  scope
        application.
    }

\subsubsection{Write the Server Application}
\label{subsubsec:fw:server:server}
\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {\ref{subsubsec:fw:server:external}}
    {}
    {Noah H\"usser}
    {%
        A server application has to be written that reads data from the Logger
        and transmits it  over the network.  It needs to  be able to configure
        the logger  via RPCs  that are mapped  to \texttt{IOCTL}s.   It should
        read data from  \texttt{/dev/logger} which is presented  by the kernel
        module.
    }

\subsubsection{Document the Server Application}
\label{subsubsec:fw:server:docs}
\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {\ref{subsubsec:fw:server:external}}
    {}
    {Raphael Frey, Noah H\"usser}
    {%
        Write documentation for the server application build process.
    }

\subsection{FPGA}
\label{subsec:fw:fpga}

\subsubsection{Minimal Working Example}
\label{subsubsec:fw:fpga:mwe}
\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {None}
    {}
    {Noah H\"usser}
    {%
        Get a minimal working example project running on the Red Pitaya.  This
        requires importing  the cores  from Pavel Demin's  project as  well as
        compiling the Linux for the STEMlab.  Correct functionality of the Red
        Pitaya hardware,  particularly the  ADC, is to  be verified  via Anton
        Potochnik's frequency counter.
    }

\subsubsection{Set up a Sane Toolchain for the FPGA}
\label{subsubsec:fw:fpga:sane}

\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {\ref{subsec:general:assess},\ref{subsubsec:fw:fpga:mwe}}
    {}
    {Raphael Frey}
    {%
    Depending on the previous project's  results, an entirely new Toolchain is
    required or  not. Either way, Vivado  can be very  finicky and we  need to
    have a  sane toolchain for  the entire FPGA build  process so we  can work
    cleanly.
    }

\subsubsection{Port the ZYNQ Logger}
\label{subsubsec:fw:fpga:logger}
\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {\ref{subsubsec:fw:fpga:sane}}
    {}
    {Noah H\"usser}
    {%
        Port the Zynq Logger to the Red Pitaya. The main challenges will be
        the porting of its interface (for which a block \code{axis2datalanes}
        is developed), as well as understanding and properly implementing the
        device tree and the kernel module which is needed for the Linux OS
        to interface with the logger hardware.
    }

\subsubsection{Implement the Filter Chains}
\label{subsubsec:fw:fpga:filters}
\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {\ref{subsubsec:fw:fpga:logger}}
    {}
    {Raphael Frey}
    {%
        Implement the filter  chains as designed in Matlab on  the FPGA.  This
        requires correct functionality of the FIR and CIC filter blocks.
    }

\subsubsection{Verification by Simulation}
\label{subsubsec:fw:fpga:sim}
\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {\ref{subsubsec:fw:fpga:filters}}
    {}
    {Raphael Frey}
    {%
        Simulate all  the FPGA blocks.   Simulate the  filters with a  sine to
        make sure the filter work as expected.
    }

\subsubsection{Document FPGA Toolchain and Filter Structure}
\label{subsubsec:fw:fpga:doc}
\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {\ref{subsubsec:fw:fpga:sim}}
    {}
    {Raphael Frey}
    {%
        Document the implemented filter chains and surrounding FPGA structure.
    }

\section{Validation}
\label{sec:validation}

\subsection{Validate the Build Process}
\label{subsec:validation:build}
\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {\ref{subsubsec:fw:fpga:sim}, \ref{subsubsec:fw:server:server}, \ref{subsubsec:subsec:fw:linux}}
    {}
    {Raphael Frey}
    {%
        Build the entire project (Linux, bitstream), flash result onto the Red
        Pitaya and verify correct functionality.
    }

\subsection{Validate the Filter Implementation}
\label{subsec:validation:impl}
\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {\ref{subsubsec:fw:fpga:sim}}
    {}
    {Noah Hüsser}
    {%
        Validate  the specified  frequency  response of  the  filters and  the
        attenuation in the passband.
    }

\section{Front-end}
\label{sec:frontend}

\subsection{Technology Research}
\label{subsec:frontend:research}
\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {None}
    {}
    {Noah Hüsser}
    {%
        Research the possibilities to design and implement a nice front-end for
        the STEMlab recording system.
        The  STEMlab Project  has a  built-in web  interface which  allows the
        display of signals and rudimentary calculations.
        Furthermore  Prof. Gut has  implemented  a spectrum  analyzer in  Java
        which interfaces with the STEMlab.
        Both approaches are feasible and should be evaluated thoroughly.
        Furthermore it has to be evaluated  how the data should be transferred
        to the front-end.
        This decision  correlates a  lot with the  selection of  a programming
        language since e.g. web technologies do not support UDP.
        Finally, existing libraries have to examined very carefully. There are
        a lot  of libraries around data  transmission and GUI design,  but not
        all of them are viable solutions.
    }

\subsection{Scope Specifications}
\label{subsec:frontend:specify}
\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {\ref{subsec:frontend:research}}
    {}
    {Noah Hüsser}
    {%
        Specify the scope's requirements and nice-to-haves.
    }

\subsection{Implementation of a Basic Plotter}
\label{subsec:frontend:plotter}
\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {\ref{subsec:frontend:research}}
    {}
    {Noah Hüsser}
    {%
        At first a  simple plotter is implemented. It should  not do more
        than plot a given vector of data points on a canvas.
        The plotting  should be done  with high  performance at 60  frames per
        second independently of the size of the data vector.
        Of course more data will slow down the plotting, but it should perform
        well enough that vectors up to 64 kilosamples in size plot nicely.
        For this task  it is recommended to use existing  libraries which make
        use of the GPU such as OpenGL.
    }

\subsection{Implementation of a Basic Receiver}
\label{subsec:frontend:receiver}
\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {\ref{subsec:frontend:research}\ref{subsubsec:fw:server:server}}
    {}
    {Noah Hüsser}
    {%
        A simple receiver which receives recorded samples over the network should be created.
        For  this task  a simple  emitter which  emits test  samples without
        actually recording anything should be implemented.
        In further  tasks it can  be used conveniently  without the need  of a
        running STEMlab board.
        The receiver should simply receive  samples as packets with lengths of
        powers of two over the network.
        Again, a  good, high-performance and publicly  accepted library should
        be used to reduce workload and ensure reliability.
    }

\subsection{Combining the Plotter and the Receiver}
\label{subsec:frontend:combining}
\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {\ref{subsec:frontend:plotter}, \ref{subsec:frontend:receiver}}
    {}
    {Noah Hüsser}
    {%
        The plotter  and the  receiver should be  combined to  display vectors
        received over  the network.  This  should happen fluently  without any
        delays.
    }

\subsection{Setting a Trigger on the Logger Core}
\label{subsec:frontend:trig}
\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {\ref{subsec:frontend:combining}}
    {}
    {Noah Hüsser}
    {%
        The application  should have a ability  to set a trigger  type for
        any channel with the possibility to do this using a GUI.
    }

\subsection{Implement Proper Scaling}
\label{subsec:frontend:scaling}
\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {\ref{subsec:frontend:trig}}
    {}
    {Noah Hüsser}
    {%
        The GUI should  not only plot a qualitatively correct  signal but also
        show its  quantitative properties.  A  grid should be  programmed into
        the GUI which can be used to  read metrics of a signal. A panel on the
        GUI should  display the current grid  size.  It should be  possible to
        scale signals using the mouse or the GUI. Grids should adjust with the
        current scale.
    }

\subsection{Implement Trigger Modes}
\label{subsec:frontend:modes}
\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {\ref{subsec:frontend:trig}}
    {}
    {Noah Hüsser}
    {%
        It should be possible to use the scope application in \textit{normal},
        \textit{auto}, and \textit{single} mode. Those modes should behave as follows:
        \begin{tabular}{l l}
        \textit{normal} & send a packet when a trigger was fired and repeats this procedure \\
        \textit{auto} & send a packet when a trigger was fired or a timeout occurred and repeat \\
        \textit{single} & send a packet after a first trigger and does not repeat this procedure
        \end{tabular}
    }

\subsection{Implement an FFT}
\label{subsec:frontend:fft}
\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {\ref{subsec:frontend:specify}}
    {}
    {Noah Hüsser}
    {%
        An FFT should be calculated and displayed live.
    }

\subsection{Implement Power Measurements}
\label{subsec:frontend:}
\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {\ref{subsec:frontend:specify}}
    {}
    {Noah Hüsser}
    {%
        Calculate the power in the signal.
        It has  to be possible to  calculate the power between  two markers to
        limit the calculation on a certain part of the signal.
    }

\subsection{Implement SNR Calculation}
\label{subsec:frontend:}
\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {\ref{subsec:frontend:specify}}
    {}
    {Noah Hüsser}
    {%
        The SNR of the signal between two markers has to be calculated automatically.
        As a reference use the Java application of Prof. Gut.
    }

\subsection{Implement THD Calculation}
\label{subsec:frontend:}
\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {\ref{subsec:frontend:specify}}
    {}
    {Noah Hüsser}
    {%
        The THD of the signal spectrum has to be calculated automatically.
        As a reference, use the Java application of Prof. Gut.
    }

\subsection{Implement Dual Channel Possibilities}
\label{subsec:frontend:}
\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {\ref{subsec:frontend:specify}}
    {}
    {Noah Hüsser}
    {%
        The  entire transmission  and plotting  of all  the signals  should be
        implemented for dual channel capabilities.
        The FPGA code supports up to  eight channels whilst only supplying two
        to  the server  since the  STEMlab  board only  supports two  physical
        channels.
    }

\subsection{Document the Scope}
\label{subsec:frontend:}
\wpac
    {}
    {}
    {}
    {\ref{subsec:frontend:specify}}
    {}
    {Noah Hüsser}
    {%
        Document the entire oscilloscope application and how to use it.
    }

% >>>

\backmatter
\end{document}
%^^A vim: foldenable foldcolumn=4 foldmethod=marker foldmarker=<<<,>>>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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text:
Kai Chisaki
Jafar (Disney)
Peg Leg Pete
Velma Von Tussle
Nefir
Death Gun
Emperor Palpatine/Synopsis
Murderer, Power Hungry, Lawful Evil,
Fire Emblem Villains
Fantasy Villains
Cowards
Desaix
" It seems I vastly misestimated you. I'll grant you that. But today you vermin will die at my hands! "
~ Desaix
Desaix is an enemy character in Fire Emblem Gaiden and its remake, Fire Emblem Echoes: Shadows of Valentia. He is the treacherous chancellor of Zofia, and a major antagonist in Gaiden. He is 43 years old.
Desaix first came into power when an assassination attempt on King Lima IV was exposed and the perpetrators–a branch of the royal family–were executed along with their kin. Desaix, who claimed to have prevented the plot, received Lima IV's recognition and started to participate in governmental affairs. Mycen, a high ranking general of Zofia, made multiple attempts to reason with Lima IV, but he was stopped by Desaix at every turn. Slowly, Mycen was distanced from the royal family and Zofia Castle. Of course, the general populace was not pleased by these events, but the land's bountifulness made them uncaring as long as they could live in peace, which eventually caused Desaix's political rise to go unchallenged.
With the king now as Desaix's puppet, any criticism could be whispered to him and it would lead to immediate imprisonment or even execution. To further consolidate his power, Desaix had conspired several suspicious deaths within the Zofian royal family, then framed Mycen for his crimes, banishing him as a result. Although some Zofian officers stood in his defense, because Mycen originally hailed from the Rigel Empire, his departure was never scrutinized.
As the years passed, the corruption within the kingdom deepened further, since after Liprica's death, Lima IV's philandering habits only got worse, eventually leading to the royal villa the remaining children, including Anthiese and Conrad, lived in being set ablaze. Thanks to Mycen, who came rushing to her aid, Anthiese escaped, while it was later discovered that Conrad fled to the Lost Treescape in Rigel. Unfortunately, all of the villa's other residents were slain by assassins hired by Desaix.
In the year 398, after Zofia rejected Rigel's request for assistance following a famine and drought, both nations entered all-out war. For over a year, the inexperienced Zofian army was repeatedly defeated by the overwhelming Rigelian forces and Rigel steadily crept into Zofian territory. Desaix managed to contact the upper echelon of the Rigelian Army and negotiated a cease-fire in exchange for a large compensatory sum of gold, Desaix to be appointed as Zofia's chancellor, and autonomy be retained. In truth, he had sold Zofia to Rigel. Collecting wealth and food from the citizens in the name of compensating the empire, heavy taxes were imposed across the nation, with those who opposed their tyranny or were suspected of doing so being immediately caught and executed. The Rigelian Army remained garrisoned in Northern Zofia and tensions continued to grow.
A year after, Desaix triggered a coup d'etat and the the remaining members of the Zofian royal family, including Lima IV, were killed, with the missing Anthiese as the only survivor. Meanwhile, away from the capital, villages and the like became playgrounds for Desaix's thieving soldiers, giving rise to desperation and poverty, while ruffians gathered and spread in influence.
Around this time, a resistance led by Clive was formed in order to oppose Desaix, though he manages to capture the Zofian knight Mathilda in order to use her as leverage to force his surrender. Eventually, Alm took control of the resistance and reclaimed Zofia Castle. What seemed to be Desaix, however, turned out to be no more than an impostor (which is revealed if the player kills Desaix prior to Slayde). After the battle, his foothold in the Zofian capital was no more. Leaving some of his men behind, his remaining forces retreated back to his fortress in Northern Zofia, while he took the royal sword with him for unknown reasons. When Alm's army arrives in time to save Mathilda, he orders for her to be executed slowly with arrows. Having foreseen their army's approach, Desaix had requested aid from Rigel in order to finally thwart the Deliverance. Despite the aid, however, Alm's forces attacked the fortress and Desaix is killed, with Desaix cursing Mycen for giving the Kingdom to Rudolf's Pup, having discovered his identity earlier.
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Gerard Smyth is a poet and journalist. His work has been published widely in Ireland and internationally, as well as in translation, since the late 1960s. He is the author of six collections, including A New Tenancy (Dedalus Press, 2004) and The Mirror Tent (Dedalus Press, 2007). The Fullness of Time: New and Selected Poems (1969 - 2009) was published by Dedalus in 2010. He is a member of Aosdána.