text:
Tad Diemer
The car that pulled out in front of me was a white Mitsubishi Eclipse and, even in the fragment of time it took to close the distance, my gearhead brain identified and filed this little tidbit away for future reference.
Crystalline details floating in my mind: squealing tires, the feel of the brake and clutch levers through my gloves, and the absolute certainty that I was going to hit this car. It nosed out into the street, a fat, blind worm sniffing tentatively at the roadway.
I hit his left-front fender at forty miles-per, front tire shoved into the pavement, back tire squealing and scrabbling for grip.
I remember the impact, how it felt like my whole body had been struck like a gong, and the sounds of my bike, the roaring and the squealing and the crashing, all receding into distance as I flew over the hood.
And I remember staggering, trying to get out of the street. I fell a number of times before a woman put her hand on my chest and told me:
"I'm an EMT. Lie still: traffic is stopped."
The ambulance crew was less than sympathetic. Obviously, they'd seen worse than a guy trying to hold the broken bones of his hand together.
The final tally: broken scaphoid, broken carpal, and a broken toe. Not bad, all things considered, but would be two years until I could collect any money from the crash: the wheels of justice turn slowly, and I needed my own set of wheels...
It's LA, you wanna take the bus to work?
In college, my friend and I made a pact born of ignorant enthusiasm. We of limited means would buy transportation too temperamental, too sophisticated for the layman to appreciate: two shopworn Italian sports cars. Greg opted for the mechanically simple, perpetually disintegrating, classically proportioned Fiat 124 Spider. I opted for a subtler and more complex Alfa Romeo GTV-6 that snarled like nothing else.
Greg bought his car for a song, figuring he'd work on it in his parents' garage and restore it. It was faded brown with a ruined top and tattered black vinyl upholstery, but the motor revved sweetly and made Italian sewing-machine noises. He limped it home on a sagging suspension and bald tires and it began immediately to do what old Italian cars do best: rust. The terminal diagnosis after much hard work: rotted shock towers.
Undaunted, Greg found a good shell with a blown motor and began to combine the two cars. He installed sporty (and stiff) red springs and a new top. He discovered that the seatbelt reels situated on the floor no longer reeled, so he installed new four-point harnesses that looked really cool and prevented most people from unlatching the door or rolling down the windows while belted. Finally, he had the whole thing repainted white, instead of its original silver.
To this day, we're not really sure why.
He drove the Fiat through arctic New Jersey winters, through rain and steaming summers, his beanpole six-two frame folded up like a jack-in-the-box. When he graduated and found a job, he drove two hours each way, battling rust and a steady stream of minor mechanical failures, commuting in a car singularly unsuited to commuting. One day he bought a Honda Civic Si and parked the Fiat in his driveway.
Greg offered the little, neglected Fiat to me more than once before I finally accepted. I felt like a bit of an ass, rejecting the gift of a free car. Plus, he threw himself into the deal as a riding mechanic/ co-driver.
The two of us, blasting across the country in a little convertible, top-down and hair blowing: what could be better?
I flew to Jersey for Thanksgiving to get the car ready. We charged the battery overnight and the car fired after a couple of turns. A little puff of smoke, then sweet, mellow Italian exhaust music. Greg changed the oil and I threw on new tires.
One of which went flat overnight.
Seems rusty old steel wheels don't seal well. That little ten-inch hole in the window of the folding top? It'll be fine. Sure, the heater doesn't work well, but bodyheat will make up the difference...
Packed light and bundled up against the chill air, we headed west, excited for warmer climates that would let us drop the top. We neglected to take a few things into account:
1. In November, most of the United States is freakin' cold.
2. That "little hole" created serious flow-through ventilation. Having all of the warm cabin air sucked howlingly out, right behind your ear makes it tough to sleep.
3. The Fiat's cruising speed is about 65mph. It can certainly go faster, but is screaming at those speeds. The Fiat might have been fine shrieking along all day like that, but we weren't. For guys in a rush to get to California without blowing up their car, this was a bit of a drag.
4. The Oklahoma weather.
When I drove across country in the Alfa, I raced the scariest black storm clouds I've ever seen, roaring along through nearly featureless vistas, watching wicked forks of blue-white lighting link the earth and sky. But I broke out on the other side dry and humming. The Alfa could do nearly 130 and could cruise all day at 90.
In the Fiat, we weren't so lucky [see #3]. Greg was driving that leg and, brave as he is, slowed to 40 to squint through the mist, rain, and pounding hail that beat the little car mercilessly.
Despite our travails, including another flat tire, we came zinging into Los Angeles in the wee morning hours of the 4th day. I slid into bed and Greg passed out in a tangle of pillows and blankets on my floor.
The top stayed up the whole trip, but before Greg flew home, we dropped that sucker and drove to the beach, giggling with exhaustion.
This piece was written and submitted by a Jalopnik reader and may not express views held by Jalopnik or its staff. But maybe they will become our views. It all depends on whether or not this person wins by whit of your eyeballs in our reality show, "Who Wants to be America's Next Top Car Blogger?"
Who Wants To Be America's Next Top Car Blogger?
Jalopnik wants to find America's next top car blogger. The winner, as chosen by readers, gets a…


Tackling corruption and developing anti-corruption practices is becoming an increasingly serious topic for the Russian private sector.
Recently, Transparency International Russia published the report "Transparency of Corporate Reporting and Anti-Corruption Policy in Russian Private Enterprise: Compliance as a Competitive Advantage" (English version here) with the aim of analysing the implementation of compliance policy in medium-sized companies.
Due to the growth and efficacy of compliance control systems in foreign countries, the fate of Russian companies – both at home and in the world economic arena – hinges on whether they can effectively implement similar practices.
Compliance systems reflect a company's willingness to conduct business with openness and integrity and in so doing, drastically reduce its corruption risk. The key here is for companies to realise that their own compliance control is essential for development and competitive growth.
The study on which the report was based investigated the websites and legal documents of 50 Russia companies and holdings, which had been on Forbes' 2013 "Largest Businesses in Russia" list.
The selection included companies with highly varied legal structures: 30 joint stock companies and 20 limited liability corporations (LLCs). Preference in the selection was given to the smaller joint stock companies and the larger LLCs with no government participation.
The study paid close attention to the companies' transparency initiatives, potential affiliations with the government or political parties, their corporate social responsibility policies, any violations of anti-corruption legislation, and an analysis of their codes of ethics.
In a nutshell, neither the Russian government nor private companies are interested in adopting rule-based business.
Russian enforcement agencies may draw attention to fire safety regulations or tax compliance, but remain unwilling to impose stiffer penalties which would force companies to establish anti-corruption compliance programmes.
In most cases, companies themselves do not have a code of ethics or a public policy of zero tolerance towards corruption, nor are they keen to publish required declarations.
Rather, many deals between local authorities and companies are based on informal agreements. For example, a company could state: "We are building a playground in return for a lower annual rent".
Furthermore, our research shows that many of those working for supervisory boards or management within companies, or their close relatives, are also members of the legislative assembly – inevitably leading to a conflict of interest.
Finally, it should be noted that the Russian media is also lacking in compliance control systems, with risks that it may misinform the public by incorrectly reporting on the corporate world. The media, however, faces less public pressure regarding compliance, as it is generally viewed as a part of civil society and unaffected by such issues.
Publish lists of their beneficiaries and leaders.
Publish information about their public procurement process.
Develop and implement comprehensive compliance policies.
These moves need to be matched and reinforced by the government. Legislation must be changed so that the corrupt receive no impunity.
Russia needs to realise that the sooner its corporate anti-corruption policies match the standards of international clients and investors, the sooner Russian companies and workers will benefit.


text:
Valve eyes next-gen augmented reality
Ex Contributor
Valve developer Michael Abrash has confirmed that he is working on a "wearable computing" project where both computer-generated graphics and the real world are seamlessly overlaid.
"There is no separate display that you hold in your hands – think Terminator vision," Abrash explained in an official blog post.
According to Abrash, the underlying trend in computing has moved from desktops, to laptops/notebooks, and finally, to tablets. As such, Valve believes the logical endpoint is computing everywhere, all the time, in the form of wearable devices.
"I have no doubt that 20 years from now that will be standard, probably through glasses or contacts, but for all I know through some kind of more direct neural connection," said Abrash.
"And I'm pretty confident that platform shift will happen a lot sooner than 20 years – almost certainly within 10, but quite likely as little as 3-5, because the key areas – input, processing/power/size, and output – that need to evolve to enable wearable computing are shaping up nicely, although there's a lot still to be figured out."
However, the developer emphasized that hardware is only as useful as the software running on it. Meaning, there is a vast web of intertwined issues and practical questions that must be resolved before the combined hardware-software system could become a viable reality.
"[For example], what does a wearable UI look like, and how does it interact with wearable input? How does the computer know where you are and what you're looking at? When the human visual system sees two superimposed views, one real and one virtual, what will it accept and what will it reject? To what extent is augmented reality useful – and if it's useful, to what extent is it affordably implementable in the near future?
"And much, much more – there are deep, worthy challenges everywhere you look (and I hope to be posting about some of them soon); in fact, what it reminds me of, but on a larger scale, is Quake, where we had to figure out 3D graphics, client-server Internet networking, file formats, pretty much everything from scratch. Indeed, I think this has the potential to be, like Quake, a technological inflection point after which everything has changed."
Abrash also noted that the technology, if properly implemented, would be a big step in the direction of Snow Crash, a popular cyberpunk novel penned by Neal Stephenson. Yet, the engineer was also careful to note emphasize that the wearable computing project was still in the R&D stage, and doesn't involve a project at this point in time.
"So please, no rumors about Steam glasses being announced at E3. It's an initial investigation into a very interesting and promising space, and falls more under the heading of research than development.
"
The Valve approach is to do experiments and see what we learn – failure is fine, just so long as we can identify failure quickly, learn from it, and move on – and then apply it to the next experiment. The process is very fast-moving and iterative, and we're just at the start. How far and where the investigation goes depends on what we learn," he added.
Internet freedom under threat, says Google co-founder
Indie Steve Jobs flick gets detailed
Doctors Successfully Transplant Pig Kidneys Into Brain Dead Human

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Gymnastics at the 1992 Summer Olympics
The XXV. 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona found 14 competitions held in Gymnastics, eight for men and six for women.
2.1 individual all-around
2.2 Team all-around
2.3 floor
2.4 horse jump
2.5 Balance Beam
2.6 uneven Bars
Individual all-around
Team all-around
Horse jump
Horizontal bar
Pommel Horse
Balance Beam
Uneven
Badminton | Baseball | Basketball | Archery | Boxing | Fencing | Football | Weightlifting | Handball | Hockey | Judo | Canoe | Athletics | Modern Pentathlon | Cycling | Horse Riding | Rhythm. Gymnastics | rings | Rowing | Shooting | Swimming | Sailing | Tennis | Table Tennis | Gymnastics | Volleyball | Water Polo | Diving
Olympic gold medalist in gymnastics
1896 • 1900 • 1904 • 1908 • 1912 • 1920 • 1924 • 1928 • 1932 • 1936 • 1948 • 1952 • 1956 • 1960 • 1964 • 1968 • 1972 • 1976 • 1980 • 1984 • 1988 • 1992 • 1996 • 2000 • 2004 • 2008 • 2012
2010 • 2014
Not been discharged
Between 1906 Games
Competition at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Gymnastics at the Summer Olympics
Rustam Sharipov Li Xiaoshuang Trent Dimas Andreas Wecker Shannon Miller Kerri Strug Tatiana Lysenko 1992 Summer Olympics medal table Badminton at the 1992 Summer Olympics Baseball at the 1992 Summer Olympics Basketball at the 1992 Summer Olympics Handball at the 1992 Summer Olympics Judo at the 1992 Summer Olympics Cycling at the 1992 Summer Olympics Equestrian at the 1992 Summer Olympics Wrestling at the 1992 Summer Olympics Rowing at the 1992 Summer Olympics Swimming at the 1992 Summer Olympics Sailing at the 1992 Summer Olympics Tennis at the 1992 Summer Olympics Table tennis at the 1992 Summer Olympics Volleyball at the 1992 Summer Olympics Water polo at the 1992 Summer Olympics Diving at the 1992 Summer Olympics Gymnastics at the 1896 Summer Olympics Gymnastics at the 1900 Summer Olympics Gymnastics at the 1904 Summer Olympics Gymnastics at the 1908 Summer Olympics Gymnastics at the 1912 Summer Olympics Gymnastics at the 1920 Summer Olympics Gymnastics at the 1924 Summer Olympics Gymnastics at the 1928 Summer Olympics Gymnastics at the 1932 Summer Olympics Gymnastics at the 1936 Summer Olympics Gymnastics at the 1948 Summer Olympics Gymnastics at the 1952 Summer Olympics Gymnastics at the 1956 Summer Olympics Gymnastics at the 1960 Summer Olympics Gymnastics at the 1964 Summer Olympics Gymnastics at the 1968 Summer Olympics Gymnastics at the 1972 Summer Olympics Gymnastics at the 1976 Summer Olympics Gymnastics at the 1980 Summer Olympics Gymnastics at the 1988 Summer Olympics Gymnastics at the 1996 Summer Olympics Gymnastics at the 2008 Summer Olympics Gymnastics at the 1906 Intercalated Games


Cereal is a favorite of mine, and it's easy to miss on a Keto diet. That's why I've created this cinnamon Keto granola recipe…it tastes like a special treat, but it's really nutritious.
And don't forget to check out all my other Keto breakfast recipes here.
If you browse the cereal aisle and start scoping out nutrition labels, you'll quickly notice that most people are packing themselves full of sugar during the most important meal of the day.
Sadly, the granola that most people believe is healthy and nutritious often contains more sugar than the demonized kids' cereals consisting of chocolate and chalky marshmallows.
Whether you're looking at "healthy" boxed cereals or notoriously unhealthy cereals, they have one thing in common – the sugar and carbohydrate content is unacceptable for anyone on a keto diet.
Fortunately, this cinnamon keto granola satisfies your sweet tooth without taking you out of ketosis.
Far be it from me to completely deprive you of something sweet for breakfast. I worked out a recipe that is sugar-free and sweetly satisfying.
For starters, I used cinnamon. This spice naturally adds some sweetness to your recipes, and it's great for baking.
I also added coconut flakes, although they won't add a ton of sweetness. Make sure you buy the unsweetened variety – the sweetened type contains added sugar and, in most cases, preservatives.
Finally, you can add either Stevia or erythritol to taste. These sweeteners won't drive up your blood sugar like traditional white or brown sugar, so they won't jeopardize your keto diet.
If you enjoy this cinnamon keto granola recipe, I've got a lot of other ketogenic breakfast ideas to try. Enjoy!
Mix everything together. Add water until things start to stick together.
Press the mixture flat on the parchment paper.
Bake for 20-30 minutes until crispy but make sure it doesn't burn.
Let cool for 10 minutes and break into small pieces.
Enjoy with coconut yogurt or coconut milk or as a snack by itself.


text:
Food/Beverages/Tobacco
Archer Daniels Midland agrees to buy Wild Flavors
By Peter Stiff
Published: July 7, 2014 4:31 a.m. ET
Deal to close by end of 2014
PeterStiff
Archer Daniels Midland Co. said Monday it would buy food-ingredients provider Wild Flavors GmbH to boost its product offering in a deal valued at 2.3 billion euros ($3.13 billion).
ADM ADM, -0.37% will pay €2.2 billion to Wild shareholders Dr. Hans-Peter Wild and private-equity firm Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co., as well as assume €100 million of net debt.
The Decatur, Ill.-based company said the transaction is contingent on regulatory approvals and is expected to close by the end of the year.
"This acquisition expands ADM's ability to serve customers' evolving needs today and well into the future," said ADM Chairman and Chief Executive Officer Patricia Woertz. "Natural flavor and ingredients is one of the largest and fastest-growing consumer trends in both developed and emerging markets, and Wild Flavors is the world's leading provider of natural flavor systems to the food and beverage industry."
ADM said closely held Wild Flavors has more than 3,000 customers worldwide and estimated 2014 net revenue of about €1 billion. The Zug, Switzerland-based company sells food and beverage companies ingredients such as natural flavors, extracts and taste modifiers.
More news from MarketWatch:
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China-U.S. business debate: WaPo vs. People's Daily


There are many different flight deals aggregators, such as Kayak and SkyScanner, but they have higher prices for flights to/from and within Russia, because most of their offers are by the agencies based in EU and USA. We've partenered with JetRadar (subsidiary of the Russian flights aggregator Aviasales) to bring you the cheapest flights in Russia. Please, use the form below to find and compare your deals.
Here's some first-hand travel advice that will save your money and time when traveling to / within Russia by air.
You should watch out as some airlines exclude the check-in luggage from their low prices. For example, while Aeroflot always includes check-in luggage (max 23 kg) in all their tickets (even the budget ones), Utair and Pobeda exclude check-in luggage from their cheapest offers. You can pay extra for a better ticket and get the 20 kg allowance, but make sure you check your bags because if you have 2 kg more, you might have to end up paying €50-€100 extra. Also make sure you check the carry-on luggage allowance. For example, Aeroflot allows up to 10 kg bag plus a small laptop bag, while Pobeda (the Russian low-coster) would not allow you even that (only 1 carry-on max 5 kg). Utair is the same as Aeroflot, but only if you pay extra for the premium ticket.
Russian airlines are great for long-haul flights to Asia. They offer an extensive network and direct comfortable flights. Check out Aeroflot and their subsidiary Rossiya airlines for flights to Thailand, India, Sri-Lanka. Sometimes you can get a return direct flight for as low as €350.


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text:
Media Expert: Alamance County Court Restrictions Are First Amendment Violation
WFAE | By Lisa Worf
Warren LeMay
Alamance County Courthouse
Racial justice marches in the Alamance County town of Graham have put a spotlight on the county's legal system. There were marches over the summer and one on Oct. 31 that ended with arrests and police using pepper spray. In a separate incident, a white woman was accused of driving toward two 12-year-old Black girls. She ended up pleading guilty to misdemeanor charges.
This month, reporters were barred from two court proceedings centered on these events. The reason given: the coronavirus pandemic. Three news organizations have appealed to open access to the courts. Brooks Fuller is the director of the North Carolina Open Government Coalition. He joins us to talk about that case.
Lisa Worf: Good morning.
North Carolina Open Government Coalition
Brooks Fuller
Brooks Fuller: Hi, Lisa.
Worf: The U.S. Supreme Court has held that the public has the right of access to criminal trials based on the First Amendment. So what explanation have judges given to these reporters and media outlets for turning them away?
Fuller: Well, thus far, there have not been very many explanations at all, and what explanations have been given have been rather unsatisfactory, and that is why a group of media and attorneys are suing to open up the courts.
Worf: In Alamance County, do you know if it's just the reporters who are barred from the courtroom or if other members of the public are barred, too?
Fuller: From my understanding, the judges in the Alamance County courts in both cases have limited the participation only to participants in the trials. So that's prosecutors, defense attorneys, their clients and witnesses -- people who are directly involved in the proceedings at hand, as well as court personnel. So they're limiting access to members of the public and to members of the press.
But the limits on the press is really important here because the press are our proxies. They stand in for us. And so press access here is an extension of public access.
Worf: Now, it's understandable to want to keep courtroom attendance at a minimum in a pandemic, but there are other ways, right, to make sure the public and media can observe the proceedings?
Fuller: Yeah, absolutely. There are a number of public bodies and courts around the state that are experimenting with virtual technology, livestreaming, opening up their rooms and their courtrooms to access and a lot of other ways that are very nimble. And they're able to meet this particular moment with the use of technology that we have at our fingertips.
Worf: Do you know in this case if there's been any attempt to do that?
Fuller: So far as I can tell, there has been no attempt on the court's behalf to make that sort of accommodation. This is me speaking and not litigants of the case, but if I were litigating this case or if I were one of the people involved as a plaintiff, that's the first thing I would want -- is just some type of open access that can accommodate as many North Carolinians as possible who are interested in these proceedings. That doesn't mean opening up the courtroom to full, unfettered physical access. It just means making some accommodations to meet where we are. And it sounds like that would be a phenomenal solution.
Worf: And what specifically is the coalition of these three news organizations asking the North Carolina Court of Appeals for?
Fuller: They're asking for the North Carolina Court of Appeals, which is a higher court than the district courts in our state, to come in and essentially tell the judge to allow some sort of access.
Worf: Whether that's video, whether that's in-person?
Fuller: Right. Exactly.
Worf: And what has been the relationship between Alamance County and the media before these cases?
Fuller: So leading up to these cases, going back, I guess, to the racial justice protests of the summer, one of the things that's been startling about Alamance County is that there have been public servants, elected and appointed public officials, members of police departments, that seem to have a relatively short fuse for public participation and public protests in the streets of Graham. And that extends to members of the press, but also members of the public. And I think the cases that we're seeing right now in the Alamance County courts are a microcosm of that energy and that tension between public servants and those that are seeking to hold them accountable.
Worf: Have you seen other instances in North Carolina where the pandemic has been given as a reason to limit public and media access to courts?
Fuller: I haven't kept track of every single one of the 100 counties in North Carolina, but from what I understand from reporters who I speak with pretty frequently is that this is abnormal. There's still access to courts in some of the larger counties like Wake and Mecklenburg. And I think I talked to someone who was doing work in Forsyth, in Guilford, and they've been able to go to hearings in some way. North Carolina courts have held hearings where you can sign in and view them via Zoom. And that's been an option. So we've seen court access flex with the times, but I haven't seen any other instances where courts have been completely shut down to the public.
Worf: That's Brooks Fuller, the director of the North Carolina Open Government Coalition. Thank you very much, Mr. Fuller.
Fuller: Thank you very much for having me, Lisa. I really appreciate it.
Want to read all of WFAE's best news each day? Sign up here for The Frequency, WFAE's daily email newsletter, to have our top stories delivered straight to your inbox.
Crime & JusticeAlamance CountyFirst Amendment
Lisa Worf
Lisa Worf traded the Midwest for Charlotte in 2006 to take a job at WFAE. She worked with public TV in Detroit and taught English in Austria before making her way to radio. Lisa graduated from University of Chicago with a bachelor's degree in English.
See stories by Lisa Worf
Alamance County Voter Rally Ends With Pepper Spray, Arrests
Alamance County Rally Organizer Plans Election Day March
Police In N.C. Arrest, Pepper Spray Protesters During March To Polls Event


Segments include a report on mental-health issues in college athletics; and an interview with NFL analyst Cris Collinsworth.
Segments include a look at the natural and man-made dangers of climbing Mount Everest; and a report on former athletes addicted to heroin as an alternative to pain medication.
A look at the state of the NCAA and the treatment of its student athletes. Featured: how abusive coaches and overwhelming demands have led to a mental health crisis among student-athletes; and lasting medical issues from injuries sustained on the field.
Segments include profiles of quarterback Russell Wilson and football coach Jim Harbaugh. Also: revisiting the topic of chewing tobacco in Major League Baseball.
Segments include a report on the use of workout supplements by the military; a profile of blind adventurer Erik Weihenmayer; and a new visit with MMA star Ronda Rousey.
Segments include a look at the dangers of head trauma in youth soccer; a look at the GoPro high-def video camera; and an update on the controversial awarding of the 2022 World Cup to Qatar.
Segments include a look at problems caused by bikes and cars sharing roads in U.S. cities; a sports culture report on youth receiving trophies for mere participation.
Segments include an interview with NFL head coach Rex Ryan; a visit with former NFL brothers Ma'ake and Chris Kemoeatu; and revisiting Pulaski Academy in Little Rock, the high-school football team that refuses to punt. Also: George Lopez on sports.
Segments include a visit to a summer camp offering sports participation to blind children; a report on paralyzed football player Marc Buoniconti and his friendship with the other player in the collision, Herman Jacobs; and a profile of Isiah Thomas.
There are no featured audience reviews yet. Click the link below to see what others say about Real Sports With Bryant Gumbel: Season 21!


text:
\section{Introduction}

The ${\cal N}=1$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills (SYM) theory is the minimal SUSY extension of the
SU($N_c$) Yang-Mills theory. The fermionic degrees of freedom, the {\em gluinos}, are given by the superpartners
of the gauge fields $A_\mu^a$ ({\em gluons}) and are described by Majorana spinors
$\lambda_a$ ($a=1\dots N_c^2-1$) transforming according to the adjoint representation of the gauge group.
SYM is characterized by a rich low-energy dynamics with interesting aspects as
confinement and spontaneous breaking of a discrete chiral symmetry  -- a continuum U(1) chiral symmetry is missing
at the quantum level due to the Adler-Bell-Jackiw anomaly. SYM can be related to QCD with a single quark flavour
($N_f=1$ QCD), where the Majorana spinor is replaced by the single Dirac spinor. The latter model is also object of
investigation by our collaboration \cite{nf1}.

This work represents a continuation of a long-standing project of the DESY-M\"unster-Roma Collaboration (DMRC)
for the simulation of SU(2) SYM,
see \cite{MontRev} for a review and \cite{fed-peetz-res} for more recent results.
Following \cite{CV} we apply the Wilson approach, which has been proved to be successful
in lattice QCD computations in spite of its known limitations.
SUSY is broken by the lattice discretisation and, in the Wilson approach, by the Wilson
term. It is expected to be recovered in the continuum limit by properly tuning the only relevant parameter,
the bare gluino mass, to a critical value corresponding to massless gluinos.
Another (related) inconvenience of the Wilson discretisation, namely
a non positive-definite fermion measure even for positive gluino masses, turns out to have no appreciable
impact in practical applications.

Past simulations of DMRC were performed on quite fine lattices,\footnote{We use QCD units
for setting the scale. The Sommer scale parameter is fixed to the value $r_0\equiv 0.5$ fm.}
$a\simeq 0.08\,{\rm fm}$, but in a small volume, $L\simeq 1\,{\rm fm}$;
this setup was appropriate for the study of the
SUSY Ward identities \cite{susyWT}, also valid in a finite volume.
We now concentrate on the mass spectrum of bound states for which
low-energy effective theories predict a reorganisation of the masses in two supermultiplets
at the SUSY point \cite{VY,FaGaSc}.
Thanks to a new more efficient simulation algorithm (see below) and enhanced
computing resources we are now able to accumulate relevant statistics on larger lattices.
Our present series of numerical simulations are performed on $16^3\cdot32$ and $24^3\cdot48$ lattices
with lattice spacing $a\simeq 0.125\,{\rm fm}$.
The lattice extension $L\simeq 2-3\,{\rm fm}$ is expected to be large enough to allow control over
finite volume effects on the bound states masses. Simulations on finer lattices are planned.

\section{Lattice formulation and algorithms}
\subsection{Lattice formulation}

We apply the tree-level Symanzik (tlSym) improved gauge action for the gauge part including
rectangular Wilson loops of perimeter six:
\begin{equation}
S_g=\beta (c_0 \sum_{pl}\lbrace  1-\frac{1}{N_c}\mbox{ReTr}U_{pl} \rbrace + c_1 \sum_{rec} \lbrace
1-\frac{1}{N_c}\mbox{ReTr}U_{rec} \rbrace )\; ,
\end{equation}
with $c_0=1-8c_1$ and $c_1=-1/12$ in the case of tlSym action.

The contribution of the gluino to the effective gauge
action is given by
\begin{equation}
S^{\mbox{\it\scriptsize eff}}_{\tilde g}=-\frac{1}{2}\mbox{logdet}Q[U]  \;,   \label{CV action}
\end{equation}
where $Q$ is the non-hermitian Dirac-Wilson fermion matrix defined by
\begin{equation}
Q_{xy}^{ab}[U]=\delta_{xy}\delta^{ab}-\kappa\sum_{\mu=1}^4 (\delta_{x,y+\hat\mu}(1+\gamma_\mu)V_\mu^{ab}(y)+
\delta_{x+\hat\mu,y}(1-\gamma_\mu)V^{Tab}_\mu(x));
\label{fermion matrix}
\end{equation}
$V_\mu(x)$ is the adjoint gauge link, a real orthogonal matrix:
\begin{equation}
V_\mu^{ab}[U](x)=2\mbox{Tr}\lbrace U^\dagger_\mu(x)T^aU_\mu(x)T^b\rbrace=V^{*ab}_\mu(x)=[V^{-1ab}_\mu(x)]^T.
\end{equation}
($T^a$ are the generators of the SU($N_c$) group. In case of SU(2)
one has $T^a=\frac{1}{2}\sigma^a$ with the Pauli matrices $\sigma^a$.)
Observe that ${\rm det} Q\geq 0$ for Majorana fermions.
In our recent simulations the links $U_{x,\mu}$ in the Wilson-Dirac
 operator Eq.~(\ref{fermion matrix}) are replaced by stout-smeared links \cite{MorningstarPeardon},
 which are defined as
\begin{equation}\label{stout}
U^{(1)}_{x,\mu} \equiv U_{x,\mu}\,\exp\left\{
\frac{1}{2}\left( \Omega_{x,\mu} - \Omega^\dagger_{x,\mu} \right) -
\frac{1}{4}{\rm\,Tr}
\left( \Omega_{x,\mu} - \Omega^\dagger_{x,\mu} \right) \right\}\ ,\quad \Omega_{x,\mu}
\equiv U^\dagger_{x,\mu} C_{x,\mu}
\end{equation}
 where
$C_{x,\mu}$ is a sum over staples
\begin{equation}
C_{x,\mu} \equiv \sum_{\nu\ne\mu} \rho_{\mu\nu} \left(
U^\dagger_{x+\hat{\mu},\nu} U_{x+\hat{\nu},\mu} U_{x,\nu} +
U_{x-\hat{\nu}+\hat{\mu},\nu} U_{x-\hat{\nu},\mu} U^\dagger_{x-\hat{\nu},\nu}
\right) \ .
\end{equation}
We apply one step of smearing with smearing parameters $\rho_{\mu\nu}=0.15$ in all lattice directions.

 \subsection{Updating algorithm}

 The factor in front of $\log\det(Q)$ in the Curci-Veneziano action
 reproduces the absolute value of the Pfaffian for Majorana fermions.
 Effectively, it corresponds to a flavour number $N_f=\frac{1}{2}$.
 The sign of the Pfaffian can be included in a reweighting procedure (see below).
 In our numerical simulations we use the two-step polynomial hybrid
 Monte Carlo (TS-PHMC) algorithm \cite{Montv} which is based
 on a two-step polynomial approximation \cite{Mont96}.
 The fermion determinant is represented  as
\begin{equation}
\mbox{det}(Q)^{N_f}= \lbrace\mbox{det}(Q^\dagger Q)\rbrace^{N_f/2}
\simeq \frac{1}{\mbox{det }P_{n_1}(Q^\dagger Q)P_{n_2}(Q^\dagger Q)}
 \end{equation}
 with the condition on the polynomials $P_n$
\begin{equation}
\lim_{n_2\rightarrow\infty}P_{n_1}(x)P_{n_2}(x)=x^{-N_f/2}, \;\;\; x \in [\epsilon,\lambda],
\end{equation}
 where the interval covers the spectrum of $Q^\dagger Q$.
 The order of the first polynomial $n_1$ is chosen as low as possible
 provided that the acceptance in the accept-reject step done with $P_{n_2}$,
 after a sequence of PHMC trajectories prepared with $P_{n_1}$, is sufficiently high
 (in our cases 80-90\%).

 In earlier simulations of the DESY-M\"unster collaboration the two-step
 multi boson (TSMB) algorithm \cite{Mont96} was used for the SYM theory.
 There the updating is performed by heatbath and overrelaxation sweeps
 for the pseudofermions and Metropolis and heatbath sweeps for gauge field.
 In case of the TS-PHMC algorithm, which is more effective in producing
 short autocorrelations among the gauge configurations, PHMC trajectories
 are created by applying the Sexton-Weingarten integration scheme with
 multiple time scales and, as usual, Metropolis accept-reject at the end
 of each trajectory.
 After the update sweeps/trajectories the second high-precision polynomial
 $P_{n_2}$ is used in a stochastic {\em noisy correction step} with a
 global accept-reject condition.
 The polynomial $P_{n_2}$, which is an approximation for
 $[x^{-N_f/2}P_{n_1}]^{-1}$, has to be highly precise so that the error
 of the approximation is negligible compared to the overall statistical
 error, provided that the spectrum of $Q^\dagger Q$ is in the interval
 $[\epsilon,\lambda]$.

 If some of the eigenvalues is outside $[\epsilon,\lambda]$ then the
 approximations are not precise enough and a reweighting procedure has
 to be applied by an appropriately chosen high order polynomial.
 This gives a reweighting factor $C[U]$.
 In this reweighting procedure the sign of the {Pfaffian} of the fermion
 matrix can also be included in the measurement as follows:
\begin{equation}
\langle A \rangle=\frac{\langle {\rm sign}\mbox{Pf}[U]\, C[U]\,
A[U]\rangle_g}{\langle {\rm sign}\mbox{Pf}[U]\, C[U] \rangle_g} \ .
\end{equation}

 \section{Simulation details}

The algorithmic parameters of our TS-PHMC runs are summarised in Table \ref{Table PHMC}.
The runs are performed at a single lattice spacing corresponding to $\beta=1.6$.
The measured Sommer parameter for the lighter gluino masses is about $r_0/a\simeq 4$.
By using the QCD scale as mentioned in the Introduction we obtain
$a\simeq 0.125\,{\rm fm}$ and a box-size $L\simeq 2\,\mbox{fm}$
on the $16^3\cdot 32$ lattices and $L\simeq 3\,\mbox{fm}$  on the $24^3\cdot 48$ lattices.
Comparison of results from ensembles $C_{(a,b)}$ on the $16^3\cdot32$ lattice
and $\bar C$ on the $24^3\cdot48$ lattice at the same gluino
mass allows the study of finite size effects.

An indication of the lightness of the gluino is given by the {\em adjoint pion} mass, $M_{a\mbox{-}\pi}$,
extracted from the connected part of correlator of the pseudoscalar gluino bilinear (see below).
The lightest simulated adjoint pion mass (run $D$) corresponds to $M_{a\mbox{-}\pi}\simeq 353(20)$ MeV in QCD units.

Compared with the previously used TSMB algorithm, TS-PHMC displays
a substantially improved update efficiency with shorter plaquette
autocorrelation times $\tau^{plaq}$.
This is particularly true in the light gluino regime where the efficiency
of TSMB undergoes a strong depletion.

Some runs required the computation of the correction factor and the determination of the Pfaffian sign.
We computed the correction factors for all runs in Table \ref{Table PHMC} with
the exception of runs $A$, $B$, $A_s$ and $B_s$.
Most signs of the Pfaffian are positive; the run with largest number of negative Pfaffians is
run $D$ where we found 15 configurations out of 5160
with negative sign. In most cases the effect of the correction factor turned out to be negligible.
This was not the case in run $D$ where the effect of $C[U]$ was important for the masses of adjoint
meson bound states and the gluino-glueballs. All quoted statistical errors of the measured quantities
were estimated by the $\Gamma$-method \cite{gamma method}.

\begin{table}[t]
\caption{\em TS-PHMC runs algorithmic parameters with tlSym at $\beta=1.6$.
Runs labelled with $s$ have been performed with Stout-links;
$\delta\tau$ refers to the total trajectory length and $A_{NC}$ is the noisy correction acceptance.
}

\begin{center}

\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.0}

\begin{tabular}{l l|ccccccccc}
\hline\hline

Run    &$L^3.T$& $\kappa$ & \# Traj.     & $\delta\tau$ & $A_{NC}$ \% &  $\tau^{plaq}$ &$\epsilon$ & $\lambda$ & $n_1$ & $n_2$ \\ \hline
 $A$     & $16^3.32$   &  0.1800      &  2500    & 1.05 &   95.6 &   7.5 & $4.25\cdot 10^{-3}$ & 3.4 & 50 &100     \\
 $B$     & $16^3.32$   &  0.1900      &  2700    & 1.05 & 96.4 &   3.08 & $9.5\cdot 10^{-4}$   & 3.8 &  80 & 300 \\
 $Ca$   & $16^3.32$    &  0.2000    &  1973    & 0.99 & 82.9&   4.91   & $5.0\cdot 10^{-5}$ & 4.0 & 200 & 700 \\
 $Cb$   & $16^3.32$   &  0.2000    &  8874    & 0.99  & 88.3 & 27.6  & $5.0\cdot 10^{-5}$ & 4.0 & 200 & 700  \\
  $D$     & $16^3.32$  &  0.2020    &  6947    & 0.56 & 88.5&  45.7 & $1.0\cdot 10^{-6}$ & 4.0 & 800 & 2700  \\
 \hline\hline
$\bar A$ & $24^3.48$ &  0.1980   &  1480    & 0.9   & 89.6 & 4.64  & $1.0\cdot 10^{-4}$& 4.0 &  200 & 600           \\
$\bar B$ & $24^3.48$ &  0.1990   &  1400   &  0.9  & 88.7 &  2.65 & $4.0\cdot 10^{-5}$ & 4.0 & 270 & 800           \\
$\bar C$ & $24^3.48$ &  0.2000  &  6465    & 1.0  & 88.6  &  7.4  & $2.0\cdot 10^{-5}$ & 4.0 & 350 & 1000          \\
\hline\hline
 $A_s$ & $24^3.48$   &  0.1500    &  370   &  1.0  &  97.3  & 3.5  & $5.5\cdot 10^{-5}$   & 2.2& 200 & 600  \\
 $B_s$ & $24^3.48$   &  0.1550    & 1730  &  1.0  & 95.6 &  8.04    &$5.5\cdot 10^{-5}$   & 2.2   & 200 & 600 \\
 $C_s$ & $24^3.48$  &  0.1570    &  2110  &  1.0 & 92.4 & 7.2  & $5.5\cdot 10^{-6}$ & 2.2 & 400 & 1200 \\

\hline\hline

\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\label{Table PHMC}
\end{table}

\section{Bound states}%

The bound states masses are computed from the zero-momentum
correlation function of the corresponding interpolating operator ${\cal O}$.

{\bf i) Adjoint mesons.}\ \
Low-energy theories \cite{VY,FaGaSc} predict a Wess-Zumino supermultiplet containing
colourless composite states of
two gluinos.
Such states have spin-parity quantum numbers $0^-$ and $0^+$. In analogy to flavour singlet QCD we denote the former
$a$-$\eta^\prime$ and the latter $a$-$f_0$. To project these states on the lattice
we used the gluino bilinear operators ${\cal O}=\bar\lambda\Gamma\lambda$ where $\Gamma=\gamma_5,1$
respectively. The resulting gluinoball propagator consists of connected and disconnected contributions:
\begin{equation}
C_{\Gamma}(t) = \frac{1}{V_s}\sum_{\vec x,\vec y} \left\langle \underbrace{\mbox{Tr}_{sc}[\Gamma Q_{xx}^{-1
}] \mbox{Tr}_{sc}[\Gamma Q_{yy}^{-1}]}_{\mbox{disconnected}}-2\underbrace{\mbox{Tr}_{sc}[\Gamma Q_
{xy}^{-1}\Gamma Q_{yx}^{-1}]}_{\mbox{connected}} \right\rangle
- \frac{1}{V_s}\left\langle \frac{1}{T}\sum_t\sum_{\vec x} \mbox{Tr}_{sc} [\Gamma {Q_{xx}^{-1}}]\right\rangle^2\!\!.
\label{meson correlator}
\end{equation}
The connected term can be used to extract the adjoint pion mass $M_{a\mbox{-}\pi}$
(the last term in Eq.~(\ref{meson correlator}) vanishes for $\Gamma=\gamma_5$).
OZI arguments \cite{CV} suggest   $M^2_{a\mbox{-}\pi}\propto m_{\tilde g}$ for light gluinos.

The disconnected propagators were computed by using the Stochastic Estimators Technique (SET)
in the spin dilution variant to reduce the large variance. As it is the case in QCD,
the disconnected diagrams are intrinsically noisier than the connected ones
and dominate the level of noise in the total correlator.
We performed tests on few configurations with up to $N=40$ noisy estimators
in order to study the limit at which only the gauge noise dominates the statistical
error of the disconnected correlator.
The optimal number of estimators was finally fixed between 16 and 22 estimates for all runs.
In the case of $a$-$\eta^\prime$ reasonable signal-to-noise ratio is obtained allowing
the extraction of the mass from the mass fit. This was not possible for the $a$-$f_0$;
the latter has a nonzero overlap with the vacuum, and hence its correlator has a
non-vanishing vacuum contribution
(the last term in Eq.~(\ref{meson correlator})). This results in a much worse
signal-to-noise ratio, and the effective mass could only be
extracted at very short time separations.
In the future we shall consider new variance reduction techniques
for a more precise computation of the disconnected diagrams.

{\bf ii) Gluino-glueballs.}\ \
The gluino-glueballs ($\tilde g\mbox{-}g$) are spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ colour
singlet states of a gluon and a gluino. They are supposed to complete the Wess-Zumino
supermultiplet of the adjoint mesons \cite{VY}.
The full correlator is built up from plaquettes connected
by a gluino propagator line:
\begin{equation}
C^{\alpha\beta}_{\tilde g\mbox{-}g}(\Delta t)=-\frac{1}{4}\sum_{\vec x, \vec y  }\sum_{i,j,k,l}\left\langle
\sigma_{ij}^{\alpha\alpha^\prime}\mbox{Tr}[U_{ij}(x)\sigma^a]Q^{-1}_{xa\alpha^\prime,yb\beta^\prime}
\mbox{Tr}[U_{kl}(y)\sigma^b]\sigma_{kl}^{\beta^\prime\beta}\right\rangle.
\end{equation} \label{gluino-glue correlator}
The above correlator is a matrix with two independent components in Dirac space:
\begin{equation}
 C^{\alpha\beta}_{\tilde g\mbox{-}g}(\Delta t)=C_{1}(\Delta t)\delta^{\alpha\beta}+C_{\gamma_4}(\Delta t)\gamma_4^{\alpha\beta}\;.
\end{equation}
We see agreement in the masses extracted from each component,
and we choose the time antisymmetric component $C_{1}$ to fit the masses.
We apply APE smearing for the links and Jacobi smearing for the fermion fields
in order to optimise the signal-to-noise ratio and to obtain an earlier plateau
in the effective mass.

{\bf iii) Glueballs.}\ \
According to \cite{FaGaSc},  $0^{\pm}$ glueballs are expected to be members of a second Wess-Zumino
supermultiplet. Their study in SYM
presents difficulties which closely resemble those encountered
in glueball spectroscopy in QCD and, fortunately, can be overcome with the same type of techniques,
namely, APE smearing with the variational method. Also in this case we use the simplest
interpolating operator for the scalar glueball $0^{++}$ built from single space-like plaquette.

It turns out, however, that the present statistics is not enough
to obtain a reliable determination of the glueball masses. Therefore, we are planning to increase
the statistics.

\begin{figure}[t]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[angle=0,width=.7\linewidth]{r0massev02_PHMC.eps}
\caption{The masses of the low lying bound states of the ${\cal N}=1$ SU(2) SYM theory.
Shown are the masses multiplied by $r_0$ as a function the squared adjoint pion mass.
}
\label{fig:spectrum}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

{\bf Results.}\ \
The masses of the $a$-$\eta^\prime$ and the gluino-glueball are displayed in
Fig.~\ref{fig:spectrum} as a function of the squared adjoint pion mass in units of the Sommer scale parameter.
Both bound state masses appear to be characterized by a linear dependence on
$(r_0M_\pi)^2$. The  gluino-glueball turns out to be appreciably heavier  (50\%)
than the $a$-$\eta^\prime$.
Runs with and without Stout-smearing  give consistent results for the $a$-$\eta^\prime$ mass, while a
discrepancy is observed for the gluino-glueball, which can be interpreted as an $O(a)$
discretisation effect. The comparison of the two runs at $(r_0M_\pi)^2\simeq 4$ in
$(2\,\mbox{fm})^3$ and $(3\,\mbox{fm})^3$ volumes reveals small finite volume effects.
The linear extrapolation of the  $a$-$\eta^\prime$ mass to massless adjoint pion
(including the four lightest points) gives: $r_0M_{a\mbox{-}\eta^\prime} = 1.247(48)$
[$499(20)\,\mbox{MeV}$]. A rough estimate for the gluino-glueball
gives  $r_0M_{\tilde g\mbox{-}g} = 2.5-3$ [$1000-1200\,\mbox{MeV}$].
\vspace{1mm}

\section{Summary and conclusions}

New results on the spectrum of bound states have been obtained by means of the TS-PHMC
algorithm with noisy correction.
The new algorithm, with an improved gauge action and Stout-smeared links,
allows to obtain a significantly better performance compared to the
previously used TSMB algorithm.
This allows us to simulate
in significantly larger volumes of $(2\,\mbox{fm})^3$ and $(3\,\mbox{fm})^3$.
Our first results for the masses are within errors equal
in these two cases implying that these volumes are large enough for
the study of the particle spectrum.
We shall systematically investigate the finite volume effects
in future publications.

According to the low-energy effective theory of \cite{VY} the $a$-$\eta^\prime$ and the gluino-glueball
belong to the same supermultiplet and therefore should be degenerate in the SUSY limit.
However our preliminary results show a gluino-glueball mass systematically heavier than the $a$-$\eta^\prime$
until the lightest simulated gluino mass in the weakly broken SUSY region.
Whether this outcome is a discretisation artifact or a physical effect will
become clear in future studies at finer lattice spacings. If the latter case applies,
the interpolating gluino-glueball operator could have dominant overlap with a member
of a higher supermultiplet.
The complete identification of possible supermultiplets requires the
inclusion of  the masses of the glueballs and the scalar $a$-$f_0$ bound states.

\vspace{1mm}

The computations were carried out on Blue Gene L/P and JuMP systems at JSC J\"ulich, Opteron PC-cluster
at RWTH Aachen and the ZIV PC-cluster of the university of M\"unster (Germany).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


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Sightseeing Museums
All Hallows-by-the-Tower Crypt Museum
All Hallows-by-the-Tower, Byward Street, London, EC3R 5BJ
Saxon-period Anglican church, museum of church's history, including Roman and Saxon artefacts, historic religious...Read more
Museums Tourist Attractions Sightseeing Religious & Masonic Museums Byward Street
HMS Belfast (C35), The Queen's Walk, London, SE1 2JH
Operated by the Imperial War Museum, originally a Royal Navy light cruiser and served during the Second World...Read more
Map of Museums in City of London
map for museums in City of London
City of London Photos
5 Best Museums for Family Fun
5 Unusual Museums in London
5 Unmissable Museums in Central London
10 Most Popular London Attractions
5 of the Best Art Galleries in Central London
10 Best Tourist Attractions in London
24 Hours in Covent Garden
City of London in the News
What on earth is happening to the Martin's Bank Building?
https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/business/what-e...
Published: Tue 25th Dec 2018 09:48 PM
The sexual assault allegations against Kevin Spacey span decades. Here's what we know.
https://www.vox.com/culture/2017/11/3/16602628/kevin...
Labour owes it to its supporters to become the party of remain
https://dailytimes.com.pk/337327/labour-owes-it-to-i...
Fabulous's awards for the biggest stars and greatest moments of 2018 – from fashion to footie and films
https://www.thesun.co.uk/fabulous/8057388/fabulous-m...
Gigs and albums of the year
https://www.yorkshireeveningpost.co.uk/whats-on/musi...


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Table of Contents: December 2006
the returns of an American icon
If you build your business by guaranteeing customer satisfaction, you'd better be prepared for a flood of returns. An exclusive look at L.L.Bean's strategy for staying afloat on a sea of returned backpacks, fly rods, parkas and moccasins.
By John R. Johnson
sorry, you're just not what we're looking for
A decade ago, third-party service providers were happy to do business with anyone who walked through the door. But these days, they're downright choosy about who they'll work with.
By James A. Cooke
the weight of measures
Accurate calculation of "dimensional weight" is carrying greater, well, weight in parcel shipping rates. That's leading to greater interest in tools that measure up to the demands of high-speed cubing and weighing.
By George Weimer
taking it to the next level: interview with Ed Huller
Lots of people will tell you that well-oiled supply chain operations can bolster the bottom line. Ed Huller may be the first to suggest they can give the top line a boost as well.
By Mitch Mac Donald
Visibility and control tools—both hardware and software—offer the ability to manage assets and inventories, wherever they may be.
By Peter Bradley
It's not often that a simple lot number saves the day. But during this summer's spinach scare, a lot number and the supplier's ace product tracking system helped lead FDA investigators to the source of the deadly E. coli outbreak.
By David Maloney
Basic Training: highways, byways and neural pathways
Supply chain professionals might not always consider just how wide-ranging the critical supply chain infrastructure really is.
By Art van Bodegraven and Kenneth B. Ackerman
Big Picture: midwinter break
In our 24/7 world, it's good to get off the train every once in a while.
Fastlane: letter to Santa
I don't want to sound greedy, but there are some things I really need this year. Like a national transportation policy.
By Clifford F. Lynch
Labor Pool: how to succeed in business despite the office politics
As you move up the career ladder, you're likely to find yourself threatened from every direction: from above (your bosses), from below (your staff) and from the side (your peers).
By Donald Jacobson and Shelley Safian
Outbound: compassion by association(s)
A number of disparate trade organizations, each of which focuses on a particular aspect of the wide-ranging world of logistics, have announced that they are joining together in a unified effort to help Americans in times of crisis.
Rfidwatch: how secure is your RFID credit card?
The next time you pull up to the drive-through window at McDonald's, you might want to reach into your pocket for some good-old fashioned cash.
can't drive 65? You may have to live with 68
If the American Trucking Associations (ATA) has its way, large trucks will soon be rolling off the assembly line with built-in speed governors.
Heineken barrels through borders
In a development likely to gladden the hearts of frat boys everywhere, a multinational consortium is testing a technology that promises to shorten the beer run—the international version, at least.
follow that pallet!
If you want to keep tabs on your products after they leave your dock, the simplest way might be to ship them on CHEP pallets.
a switch to the other side of the track?
After 25 years of generally good rapport, relations between the U.
take my freight, please
It can be tough to find a truck under the best of circumstances.
many unhappy returns
You'd better hope Santa gets your size right if he leaves a sweater under the tree this year.
Hey Jude! How can we help?
The associates of Averitt Express are doing their part to take a sad song and make it better.
incoming ATA chair dies in crash
A small private plan carrying the incoming chairman of the American Trucking Associations (ATA), Mac McCormick of Bestway Express, crashed Oct.
bye, bye Boardwalk
The game is changing—Monopoly, that is.
what a relief! Ten industry trade groups unite to form disaster relief program
Though the United States made it through the recent hurricane season unscathed, the logistics community hasn't forgotten the destruction visited upon the U.
we can all breathe a little easier: EPA honors carriers for anti-pollution initiatives
What do Schneider National, Wal-Mart, APL Logistics and IKEA Distribution Services have in common? They all received awards for environmental excellence during a ceremony at the American Trucking Associations' annual conference in October.
finding the ROI in RFID: survey reveals it's not so elusive after all
Though once considered almost as elusive as world peace, ROI (return on investment) for RFID projects is widely regarded as eminently attainable today.
transportation woes to continue in '07
Time may heal all wounds, but so far, it's done little to ease shippers' woes.
when Wal-Mart talks
… its 60,000 suppliers listen.
China opens its doors to foreign investment and logistics expertise
It's home to the world's busiest port (Shanghai).
Pfizer extends RFID tagging program
Pfizer is stepping up its commitment to RFID technology.
Parrish to lead Cardinal Health's supply chain unit
November was a busy month for Mark Parrish.
no break in the action
The folks at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Center for Transportation and Logistics (CTL) won't be taking a winter break this year.
an eye on the Tiger
The feverish push to outsource manufacturing to low-cost countries like China has left supply chain managers' heads spinning with questions about doing business in that part of the world.
How do companies seize opportunities in global markets and successfully execute global strategies? What's really happening in Europe, China and India? How do the current shifts in global economies and political infrastructures affect your future supply chain relationships? These are the kinds of questions that will be addressed at "Globalization: Getting It Right," an executive retreat sponsored by the Supply-Chain Council.


HPE OneView 4.0 optimises resources for maximum value; converting servers, storage and networking tools into a software-defined infrastructure automation engine.
Workloads, data, processing and entire organisations are moving away from the cloud and beginning to compute at the edge.
Rent-A-Center chose Nimble Storage as they offered both high-level security and readily available data right when they needed it.
HPE Aruba beats Cisco in Gartner's 2017 Critical Capabilities for Wired and Wireless LAN Access Infrastructure report.


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Home|About Us | News | TV celebrity beats The Chaser to win £25,000 for hospice
TV celebrity beats The Chaser to win £25,000 for hospice
TV presenter Sam Nixon beat The Chaser on Saturday night (19 October) to win a share of £25,000 for the hospice.
Sam Nixon and Mark Rhodes, best known as the presenting duo 'Sam and Mark' competed on the celebrity version of ITV quiz show The Chase on Saturday night, alongside comedian Jimmy Carr and politician Ann Widdecombe.
The celebrity contestants beat 'The Vixen' in a thrilling final to win a share of £100,000 for their chosen charities.
Sam remained true to his Barnsley roots and donated his £25,000 share of the winnings to the hospice. He said: "I'm Barnsley born and bred and still live in Barnsley now, so I wanted to bring the money back to my hometown, and I knew how much Barnsley Hospice would appreciate the donation."
Jan Walker, Patient Services Director at the hospice, said: "This donation means such a lot to everyone at the hospice and we'd like to thank Sam for his continued support. It will go a long way to helping us continue our care for patients, families and their carers in Barnsley."


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Adams & Adams Attorneys | News & Insights | Intellectual Property | USE IT OR LOSE IT! CANCELLATION OF A REGISTERED TRADE MARK FOR NON-USE
USE IT OR LOSE IT! CANCELLATION OF A REGISTERED TRADE MARK FOR NON-USE
A trade mark registration in South Africa gives the trade mark proprietor statutory rights in the mark registered. These rights are governed by the provisions of our trade mark legislation and can be terminated on various grounds, including expiry of a trade mark registration for failure to renew the registration or cancellation of a trade mark registration due to non-use, in terms of Section 27(1)(b) of the Trade Marks Act, 193 of 1994 (hereinafter "the Act").
Section 27(1)(b) of the Act provides that any 'interested person' may apply to have a trade mark registration cancelled on the ground that there was no bona fide (good faith) use of the trade mark for a continuous period of five years or more, from the date of issue of the registration certificate. The effect of this provision is that a trade mark registration is not vulnerable to cancellation, for non-use, within the first 5 years after issue of the registration certificate. This period is, therefore, often referred to as the honeymoon period by trade mark attorneys. However, after the honeymoon period, trade mark proprietors need to be aware that a trade mark registration is vulnerable to cancellation for non-use.
In order to successfully defend a cancellation action, the trade mark proprietor is required to show that the registered mark was indeed used in the relevant 5 year period. However, the alleged use must be in relation to the goods or services for which the trade mark is registered and, in addition, the use must constitute bona fide use.
Recent judgement on Trademark Non-Use
In a recent judgment, Westminster Tobacco Co v Philip Morris Products SA (925/2015) [2017] ZASCA 10 (16 March 2017), the Supreme Court of Appeal (SCA) commented on what constitutes bona fide use, for the purposes of Section 27(1)(b) of Act. The crux of the case turned on whether Westminster Tobacco Co ("WTC"), the registered proprietor of two PARLIAMENT trade mark registrations, made use of its mark, in good faith, during the relevant 5 year period. If not, it was liable to lose its registrations because its competitor (Philip Morris Products SA, "PMI") had applied for cancellation of its registrations on the basis of non-use, in terms of Section 27(1)(b) of the Act.
The facts of the case are uncomplicated. WTC registered the trade mark PARLIAMENT in South Africa in relation to, essentially, cigarettes. PMI, however, uses the trade mark PARLIAMENT internationally in respect of one of its premier brands of cigarettes. PMI could, therefore, not register or use the mark PARLIAMENT in South Africa, in relation to cigarettes, due to WTC's earlier trade mark registration in South Africa. PMI, accordingly, sought to cancel WTC's registration, on the basis that the PARLIAMENT mark was allegedly not used in good faith, by WTC, for a continuous period of 5 years, from the date of issue of the registration certificates.
In light of the above, PMI filed a cancellation application in the High Court on the basis of Section 27(1)(b) of the Act. The onus to prove bona fide use rested upon WTC, in terms of s 27(3) of the Act. In defending the application, WTC alleged and was able to show that it had indeed used its PARLIAMENT mark in the relevant 5 year period. PMI, on the other hand, acknowledged that the mark was used in relation to cigarettes, but contested that the use was in good faith because, on WTC's own version, the mark PARLIAMENT was aimed at protecting the PARLIAMENT trade mark, disrupting WTC's competitors in the low-price cigarette market and at protecting WTC's premium cigarette brand PETER STUYVESANT.
The High Court found that bona fide use means that a mark must be used on goods solely with the object of promoting trade in those goods and that use for an ulterior purpose, such as disrupting the business of a competitor, or protecting the trade mark proprietor's trade in other goods, does not constitute bona fide use. PMI was, accordingly successful in the High Court and, in turn, WTC appealed the decision to the SCA.
In the appeal judgment, the SCA had regard to its own 2005 judgment in A M Moolla Group Ltd and Others v The Gap Inc and Others 2005 (6) SA 568 (SCA) and the international case of Ansul BV v Ajax randbeveiliging BV 2003 (RPC) C-40/01, in the European Court of Justice. The SCA found that the enquiry into bona fide use is a factual enquiry and required:
use of the registered trade mark in relation to goods or services of the type in respect of which the mark is registered;
use of the registered trade mark as a trade mark, for the commercial purposes that the trade mark registration exists to protect; and
use of the registered trade mark in the course of trade and for the purpose of establishing, creating or promoting trade in the goods or services in relation to which the mark is used.
The court indicated that the use does not have to be extensive, but that it must be genuine and not merely as a token. In other words, the use must not be solely to preserve the rights conferred by the mark, but must be consistent with the essential function of a trade mark, which is to sufficiently distinguish the goods in relation to which it is used from other goods, which have a different origin.
In addition to the above, the court also found and that it is irrelevant if the use is motivated by the fear of removal from the register or protecting the proprietor's trade generally or even from preventing the mark from falling into the hands of a competitor, as long as the use is bona fide and genuine and principally directed at promoting trade in goods bearing the mark. The court, however, cautioned that it is not permissible to use the mark for an ulterior purpose, not associated with a genuine intention of pursuing the object for which the Act allows the registration of a trade mark and protects its use.
In the appeal case, PMI's argument turned on the allegation that, on the evidence presented by WTC, it was evident that the intention for launching the PARLIAMENT brand in South Africa was based on three objectives, other than the launch itself, namely, to protect the trade mark registrations, to test the commercial viability of a low price offer in the cigarette market and finally, to gain insight into the low price segment of the cigarette market. PMI, therefore, argued that there was no desire or objective on the part of WTC to build up any commercial long term sales strategy in its PARLIAMENT cigarettes and the objectives of WTC for using the mark were counter to the functions of a trade mark as defined in the Act. It, accordingly, alleged that the nature of the use, as testified to by WTC's main witness, did not constitute use as a trade mark for the purposes for which trade marks are afforded statutory protection and was, therefore, not bona fide use.
WTC countered the allegations of PMI with evidence that the introduction of the PARLIAMENT brand of cigarettes was for several reasons, including dealing with low priced cigarettes. WTC also argued that its use of the mark was for commercial reasons and that the launch of the PARLIAMENT mark in small towns was geared to investigate and learn how the brand would be received by consumers and was also aimed at disrupting the sales of low priced cigarettes by its competitors. WTC further disclosed that the implementation of the PARLIAMENT brand was purposely conservative so as not to harm its premium cigarette brand PETER STUYVASENT.
In making a determination as to whether WTC's use of the mark was bona fide and genuine, the court applied the test set out above. The SCA found that, in the circumstances, the use of the mark PARLIAMENT was bona fide because it was affixed by WTC to goods covered by its registration, i.e. cigarettes, for the purpose of identifying the source from which the goods were derived and distinguished it from its competitors. The Court also found that there was a commercial purpose in WTC providing different offerings aimed at different sectors of the market and pricing them differently. Accordingly, the court expressed the view that because WTC's strategy for the PARLIAMENT brand of cigarettes precluded a full-blooded launch of a competing product in the low price segment did not mean that the launch was not genuine.
In light of the above, WTC successfully defended the application for cancellation of its marks on the basis that it, in fact, did use its trade marks in good faith and that the use was genuine. Although it was not relevant to the SCA case, it is worth knowing that in addition to using a trade mark, trade mark proprietors may also prevent losing a trade mark registration, for failure to use the registration, by associating related trade marks (that are in use). However, associating trade marks places some limitations on how the associated trade marks may be dealt with. It is, therefore, important to take a considered approach when dealing with registered trade marks and to bear in mind that when it comes to registered trade marks, beware to use it or you may lose it!
By Jameel Hamid | Associate
GERARD DU PLESSIS
Partner & Firm Chairman
View Practice Area
COLLECTIVE TRADE MARK REGISTERED IN KENYA | TAITA
TRADE MARK LAWS IN ZAMBIA SET TO CHANGE
KENYA TRADE MARK OPPOSITION MATTER | COMMENTARY
This entry was posted in Insights, Intellectual Property, Legal News, News & Insights by Mark Beckman. Bookmark the permalink.


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Renovation is disruptive. Information helps.
There's always something going on in Decatur, Georgia. Infrastructure projects. Streetscape upgrades. New development. All potentially inconvenient. That's why we take extra steps to keep you informed — so you'll know what's happening when and what you can do to avoid it.
January 18, 2021 January 19, 2021 Hugh Saxon
Beginning Jan. 18, portions of the westbound and eastbound lanes along East College Avenue, between Sams Street and Weeks Street, will be closed from 9 p.m. to 5 a.m., while crews work to rehabilitate 230 linear feet of ductile-iron sewer pipe. This section of East College Avenue will reopen on Saturday, Feb. 13…
November 30, 2020 Hugh Saxon
Make plans now to join us on Wednesday, December 9, from 6-8pm for our Virtual Open House and Workshop for Decatur's planned railroad crossing improvements at Atlanta Avenue. Registration is now open…
As a Decatur Makeover follower, you're clearly interested in how we travel around the city, and in how that experience can be made more convenient and efficient. So we're taking a break from our usual updates to make sure you know about our upcoming online meeting — Decatur 202: Mobility — where we'll discuss issues like traffic congestion and alternate ways of getting around…
November 2, 2020 Hugh Saxon
Lane closures are expected on West Ponce de Leon Avenue between Ponce de Leon Place and Fairview Avenue beginning 9:00 a.m. on Wednesday, November 4, 2020, to accommodate DeKalb County Watershed crews working to repair a leaking water line. Motorists and MARTA passengers should expect delays…
September 23, 2020 Hugh Saxon
Georgia Safe Sidewalks is expected to start sidewalk repairs today, Wednesday, September 23. Sidewalks included in this year's sidewalk repair program are: Second Avenue, between East Lake Drive and Northern Street; Commerce Drive between South Columbia Drive and Church Street; East and West Parkwood Road; Parkwood Lane; Upland Road; and Wimberly Court. The work is expected to take about 4 weeks…
Commerce Drive Lane Closure Expanding Temporarily, Sept. 15-16
Weather permitting, the single lane closure currently installed on Commerce Drive between W. Trinity Place and Robin St. will expand to a full street closure beginning tomorrow, Tuesday, September 15. Work is expected to last 2 days (9/15 – 9/16), after which traffic will revert to the existing one lane closure. Inclement weather may affect this schedule…
East College Ave. Lane Closures Scheduled for Sept. 8-19
September 4, 2020 September 4, 2020 Hugh Saxon
Lane closures associated with a DeKalb County Department of Watershed Management (DWM) sewer replacement project will impact traffic on E. College Avenue between New Street and Sams Street from September 8 to 19, between the hours of 9:00 p.m. and 5:00 a.m.…
Extended Commerce Drive Lane Closure Begins Thursday, August 27
August 27, 2020 September 2, 2020 Hugh Saxon
Beginning Thursday, August 27, the southbound lane of Commerce Drive will be closed between West Trinity Place and West Howard Avenue. Southbound traffic on Commerce will be detoured to North McDonough Street during the closure. The lane closure is expected to be in place for 4 to 6 weeks and is necessary to allow completion of the Allen Wilson Terrace Drainage Improvements…
Scott Boulevard Resurfacing Begins this Week, Extends 6-8 Weeks
August 5, 2020 Hugh Saxon
Circumstances permitting, the Georgia Department of Transportation (GDOT) will begin resurfacing Scott Boulevard this week. The work is one part of a larger paving project along State Route 8 (SR8) from the Gwinnett County line to Moreland Avenue in Atlanta. Pittman Construction Company of Conyers is performing the work…
Talley Street to Close Temporarily for New Utility Connections
July 4, 2020 July 4, 2020 Hugh Saxon
A segment of Talley Street adjacent to Talley Street Upper Elementary will be closed for roughly one month so that new utility connections can be made. This closure is expected as soon as neighboring properties have been notified directly. Work should conclude prior to the reopening of school, should City Schools of Decatur choose to do so…