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Contents: World Council of Churches - Roman Catholic Church - Eastern Catholic (Uniate) churches - Old (and Schismatic) Catholic Churches - Teutonic Order - Jesuits - Church of England - National Council of the Churches - Lutheran World Federation - Evangelical Lutheran Church in America - Lutheran Church Missouri-Synod - Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod - Swedish Church - Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland - Estonian Evangelical Lutheran Church - Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints - Community of Christ - Czechoslovak Hussite Church - Jehovah's Witnesses - Salvation Army - Worldwide Church of God - New Apostolic Church - Assemblies of God - Seventh Day Adventists - Church of Christ (Iglesia ni Cristo) - United Church of Christ (UCC) - Orthodox churches - Schismatic Orthodox churches - Eastern non-Chalcedonian churches - Assyrian Church of the East - Judaism - World Jewish Congress - World Zionist Organization (WZO) - Samaritans - Muslim Caliphate - Isma`ilia - Dawoodi Bohra - Baha'i faith - Ahmadiyya - Nation of Islam - Tibetan Buddhism - Tibetan Buddhist Mongolia - Buddhist Thailand - Soka Gakkai - Sikhism - Svetambara - Fulan Gong - Christian Science - Scientology - Unification Church -
WCC website Headquarters: Geneva (Switzerland)
Note: This international ecumenical body includes most "mainline" Protestant denominations and Eastern Orthodox churches in the world.
13 May 1938 Provisional committee founded.
23 Aug 1948 World Council of Churches (WCC) formally constituted.
General Secretaries
13 May 1938 - Feb 1966 Willem Adolf Visser't Hooft (b. 1900 - d. 1985)
Feb 1966 - 16 Aug 1972 Eugene Carson Blake (U.S.) (b. 1906 - d. 1985)
16 Aug 1972 - 31 Dec 1984 Philip Potter (Dominica) (b. 1921 - d. 2015)
1 Jan 1985 - 31 Dec 1992 Emilio Castro (Uruguay) (b. 1927 - d. 2013)
1 Jan 1993 - 31 Dec 2003 Konrad Raiser (Germany) (b. 1938)
1 Jan 2004 - 31 Dec 2009 Samuel Kobia (Kenya) (b. 1947)
1 Jan 2010 - 31 Mar 2020 Olav Fykse Tveit (Norway) (b. 1960)
1 Apr 2020 - 31 Dec 2022 Ioan Sauca (Romania) (b. 1956)
(acting to 3 Jun 2020, then interim)
1 Jan 2023 - Jerry Pillay (South Africa) (b. 1965)
17th cent. - c.1803
c.1803 - 17 Sep 1825
Adopted 17 Sep 1825
Holy See Website Headquarters: Vatican
(Vatican City)
c.60 Church of Rome founded by Jesus's Apostle Peter (Saint Peter).
14 Apr 754 Donation of Pepin creates a temporal Papal State for the Popes
of the Roman Catholic Church (also called the Papal States
or the States of the Church; in Latin Status Pontificius, in
Italian Stato della Chiesa)(confirmed 756 and 774, codified in
16 Jul 1054 The "Great Schism" divides the church into Eastern (Orthodox) and
Western (Roman Catholic) churches.
9 Mar 1309 - 13 Jan 1377 Popes rule from Avignon, France (often called by historians
the "Babylonian captivity" of the Church).
30 Sep 1378 - 11 Nov 1417 The "Great Schism" in the Western Church (rival popes elected).
10 Jun 1809 - 24 Mar 1814 Papal State annexed to France.
19 Oct 1870 Incorporation of Rome and the Patrimony of St. Peter
into Kingdom of Italy.
19 Oct 1870 - 7 Jun 1929 Pope's rule as "Prisoners in the Vatican" in seclusion in
the Vatican Palace.
7 Jun 1929 Independence of Vatican City from Italy under the Lateran Treaty
(signed 11 Feb 1929).
Popes¹
c.60 - see Popes of the Roman Catholic Church
¹full Papal title:
(a) 1870 - 7 Jun 1929: "Bishop of Rome, Vicar of Jesus Christ, Successor of the Prince of the Apostles, Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church, Patriarch of the West, Primate of Italy, Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Province of Rome, Servant of the Servants of God";
(b) 7 Jun 1929 - 1 Mar 2006: "Bishop of Rome, Vicar of Jesus Christ, Successor of the Prince of the Apostles, Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church, Patriarch of the West, Primate of Italy, Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Roman Province, Sovereign of the State of the Vatican City, Servant of the Servants of God";
(c) from 1 Mar 2006: "Bishop of Rome, Vicar of Jesus Christ, Successor of the Prince of the Apostles, Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church, Primate of Italy, Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Roman Province, Sovereign of the State of the Vatican City, Servant of the Servants of God."
Eastern Catholic (Uniate) churches
Armenian Catholic Church
1650 Armenian Catholic Church founded.
26 Nov 1740 Patriarchate established.
Catholicoi and Patriarchs of Cilicia of the Armenians for All the Catholic Armenians
26 Nov 1740 - 1 Oct 1749 Apraham Bedros I Ardzivian (b. 1679 - d. 1749)
23 Sep 1750 - 9 Jun 1753 Hagop Bedros II Hovsepian (b. 1689 - d. 1753)
22 Jul 1754 - 28 Nov 1780 Mikael Bedros III Kasparian (d. 1780)
25 Jun 1781 - 6 Feb 1788 Parsegh Bedros IV Avkadian (b. 1743 - d. 1788)
15 Sep 1788 - 17 Jun 1812 Krikor Bedros V Kupelian (b. 1738 - d. 1812)
19 Dec 1814 - 22 Sep 1840 Krikor Bedros VI Djeranian (d. 1840)
27 Jan 1842 - 6 Feb 1843 Hagop Bedros VII Holassian (d. 1843)
25 Jan 1844 - 9 Jan 1866 Krikor Bedros VIII Asdvadzadourian (d. 1866)
12 Jul 1867 - Jun 1881 Andon Bedros IX Hassoun (Hassunian)(b. 1809 - d. 1884)
(from 13 Dec 1880, Cardinal Andon Bedros IX)
c.1870 - .... Jacob (anti-patriarch)
4 Aug 1881 - 1 May 1899 Stepan Bedros X Azarian (b. 1826 - d. 1899)
14 Dec 1899 - 18 Apr 1904 Boghos Bedros XI Emmanuelian (b. 1829 - d. 1904)
14 Nov 1904 - Apr 1910 Boghos Bedros XII Sabbaghian (b. 1836 - d. 1915)
27 Nov 1911 - 31 May 1931 Boghos Bedros XIII Terzian (b. 1855 - d. 1931)
16 Oct 1931 - 26 Oct 1937 Avedis Bedros XIV Arpiarian (b. 1856 - d. 1937)
13 Dec 1937 - 25 Aug 1962 Krikor Bedros XV Agagianian (b. 1895 - d. 1971)
(from 18 Feb 1946, Cardinal Krikor Bedros XV)
15 Nov 1962 - 22 Apr 1976 Iknadios Bedros XVI Batanian (b. 1899 - d. 1979)
3 Jul 1976 - 31 May 1982 Hemaiag Bedros XVII Ghedighian (b. 1905 - d. 1998)
(Guedikian)
5 Aug 1982 - 28 Nov 1998 Hovhannes Bedros XVIII Kasparian (b. 1927 - d. 2011)
13 Oct 1999 - 25 Jun 2015 Nerses Bedros XIX Tarmouni (b. 1940 - d. 2015)
25 Jun 2015 - 25 May 2021 Krikor Bedros XX Gabroyan (b. 1934 - d. 2021)
(administrator to 25 Jul 2015)
26 May 2021 - 23 Sep 2021 Boutros Marayati (administrator) (b. 1948)
23 Sep 2021 - Raphael Bedros XXI Minassian (b. 1946)
Byzantine Catholic Church in America
8 May 1924 Apostolic Exarchate for the Byzantine-Rite Faithful of
Subcarpathia.
6 Jul 1963 Eparchy of Pittsburgh of the Ruthenians.
21 Feb 1969 Metropolitan See of Munhall of the Ruthenians.
11 Mar 1977 Byzantine Catholic Metropolitan Church of Pittsburgh.
15 Jun 1924 - 13 May 1948 Basil Takacs (Takach) (b. 1879 - d. 1948)
13 May 1948 - 12 Dec 1954 Daniel Ivancho (b. 1908 - d. 1972)
5 Feb 1955 - 22 Dec 1967 Nicholas T. Elko (b. 1909 - d. 1991)
22 Dec 1967 - 11 Jun 1969 Stephen J. Kocisko (b. 1915 - d. 1995)
Metropolitan Archbishop of Munhall of the Ruthenians
11 Jun 1969 - 11 Mar 1977 Stephen J. Kocisko (s.a.)
Metropolitan Archbishops of Pittsburgh for the Byzantines
11 Mar 1977 - 12 Jun 1991 Stephen J. Kocisko (s.a.)
12 Jun 1991 - 13 Apr 1993 Thomas V. Dolinay (b. 1923 - d. 1993)
20 Apr 1993 - 8 Sep 1994 John M. Bilock (administrator) (b. 1916 - d. 1994)
14 Sep 1994 - 7 Feb 1995 Russell A. Duker (administrator) (b. 1943)
7 Feb 1995 - 15 Apr 2001 Judson M. Procyk (b. 1931 - d. 2001)
1 May 2001 - 9 Jul 2002 John M. Kudrick (administrator) (b. 1947)
9 Jul 2002 - 10 Jun 2010 Basil M. Schott (b. 1939 - d. 2010)
18 Jun 2010 - 19 Jan 2012 Eugene P. Yackanich (administrator)(b. 1939)
19 Jan 2012 - William C. Skurla (b. 1956)
Chaldean Catholic Church
1552 Rival Assyrian Patriarch accepts union with Rome.
1607 Regular Assyrian Patriarch Eliyya VIII also accepts union.
1617 Heir of Eliyya VIII breaks union.
1681 Archbishop of Amed (Diyarbakir) is granted title of
Patriarch.
1692 Patriarch of the first (1552) line breaks union;
only one Patriarch remains.
Catholicoi and Patriarchs of Babylon of the Chaldeans
21 May 1696 - 2 Jun 1712 Youssef II Silba Marouf (b. 1667 - d. 1712)
26 Feb 1713 - 23 Jan 1757 Youssef III Timotheos Maraugin (d. 1757)
8 Feb 1757 - 1781 Youssef IV Timotheus Lazar Hindi (b. 1726 - d. 1796)
1781 - 3 Apr 1828 Youssef V Augustine Hindi (b. 17.. - d. 1828)
(patriarchal administrator to 15 Jan 1802;
apostolic administrator to 8 Sep 1804)
3 Apr 1828 - 5 Aug 1830 Vacant
5 Aug 1830 - 16 Aug 1838 Youhanan VIII Hormez (Hormizd) (b. 1760 - d. 1838)
(claimed the patriarchate from 1780;
patriarchal administrator of Amed 1791 - 1793)
16 Aug 1838 - May 1847 Nicolawos Zaya (Zeia) (d. 1855)
11 Sep 1848 - 29 Mar 1878 Youssef VI Audo (b. 1790 - d. 1878)
28 Feb 1879 - 27 Jun 1894 Eliyya XIV [XIII] Abbo-Alyonan (b. 1840 - d. 1894)
28 Oct 1894 - 6 Nov 1899 Abdishu V Khayat (b. 1827 - d. 1899)
9 Jul 1900 - 21 Jul 1947 Yousef VI Emmanuel II Toma (b. 1852 - d. 1947)
17 Sep 1947 - 8 Jul 1958 Youssef VII Ghanima (b. 1881 - d. 1958)
13 Dec 1958 - 13 Apr 1989 Paul II Cheikho (b. 1906 - d. 1989)
21 May 1989 - 7 Jul 2003 Raphael I Bidawid (b. 1922 - d. 2003)
7 Jul 2003 - 3 Dec 2003 Shlemon Warduni (b. 1943)
(apostolic administrator)
3 Dec 2003 - 19 Dec 2012 Emmanuel III Delly (b. 1927 - d. 2014)
(from 24 Nov 2007, Emmanuel III Cardinal Delly)
19 Dec 2012 - 1 Feb 2013 Jacques Ishaq (b. 1938)
1 Feb 2013 - 19 Feb 2022 Louis Raphaël I Sako (b. 1948)
(from 28 Jun 2018, Louis Raphaël I Cardinal Sako)
Catholicos and Patriarch of Baghdad of the Chaldeans
19 Feb 2022 - Louis Raphaël I Cardinal Sako (s.a.)
Coptic Catholic Church
4 Aug 1741 Apostolic Vicariate for Coptic Catholics created.
15 Aug 1824 Maximos II is granted title Patriarch for life; after his death on
30 Aug 1831 his successors are again only named apostolic vicars.
26 Nov 1895 Patriarchate restored.
Apostolic Vicars for Coptic Catholics
1742 - 1744? Athanasios (Athanase)
1744? - Jul 1748 Giusto Marsghi (Juste Marsghi)
1748 - 1751 Jacques de Kremsier (Jakub Římař)
1751 - 1757 Paolo d'Angnone
1757 - 1761 Giuseppe de Sassello
1761 - 1778 Roche Abou Kodsi Sabak de
Ghirgha (1st time)
1778 - 1781 Gervais d'Ormeal
7 Jan 1781 - 26 Jun 1781 Roche Abou Kodsi Sabak de
Ghirgha (2nd time)
1781 - 1783 Jean Farargi
Ghirgha (3rd time)
1785 - 1787 Bishai Nosser
1787 - 1788 Michelangelo Pacelli de Tricario
24 Apr 1788 - 1822 Mathieu Righet (d. 1822)
1822 - 30 Aug 1831 Maximos Jouwed (d. 1831)
(from 15 Aug 1824, titled Patriarch Maximos II)
22 Jun 1832 - 28 Sep 1855 Théodore Abou Karim (d. 1855)
2 Oct 1855 - 17 Feb 1864 Athanasios Kyriakos Khouzam (d. 1864)
17 Feb 1864 - 3 Feb 1866 Vacant
3 Feb 1866 - 1876 Agapios Bishai (b. 1831 - d. 1887)
1876 - 1887 Antoun di Marco
(visiting apostolic vicar)
1887 - 1889 Antoun Nabad (provicar)
1889 - 1892 Simon Barraia (provicar)
1892 - 1895 Antoun Kabes (provicar)
15 Mar 1895 - 19 Jun 1899 Cyrille Macaire (Kyrillos Makarios)(b. 1867 - d. 1921)
Patriarchs of Alexandria of the Copts
19 Jun 1899 - 30 May 1908 Cyrillus II Macaire (s.a.)
1908 - 13 Jan 1925 Maximos Sedfaoui (b. 1863 - d. 1925)
30 Dec 1927 - 9 Aug 1947 Markos Khouzam (b. 1888 - d. 1958)
9 Aug 1947 - 2 Feb 1958 Markos II Khouzam (s.a.)
10 May 1958 - 24 May 1986 Stephanos I Sidarouss (b. 1904 - d. 1987)
(from 22 Feb 1965, Cardinal Stephanos I)
24 Feb 1984 - 9 Jun 1986 Andraos Ghattas (b. 1920 - d. 2009)
(apostolic administrator [for Stephanos I to 24 May 1986])
9 Jun 1986 - 27 Mar 2006 Stephanos II (= Ghattas) (s.a.)
(from 21 Feb 2001, Cardinal Stephanos II)
30 Mar 2006 - 18 Jan 2013 Antonios I Naguib (b. 1935 - d. 2022)
(from 20 Nov 2010, Cardinal Antonios)
18 Jan 2013 - Ibrahim Isaac Sidrak (b. 1955)
Croatian Church
17 Jun 1777 Greek Catholic Diocese of Križevci created.
1966 See transferred to Zagreb.
Bishops of Križevci
15 Jul 1777 - 9 May 1785 Bazilije Božičković (b. 1719 - d. 1785)
9 May 1785 - 30 Mar 1789 Vacant
30 Mar 1789 - Aug 1793 Jozafat Bastašić (b. 1740 - d. 1793)
8 Nov 1795 - 14 Jun 1810 Silvestar Bubanović (b. 1754 - d. 1810)
14 Jun 1810 - 10 Sep 1815 Vacant
10 Sep 1815 - 31 Jul 1830 Konstantin Stanić (b. 1757 - d. 1830)
31 Jul 1830 - 8 Sep 1834 Vacant
8 Sep 1834 - 14 Mar 1856 Gabrijel Smičiklas (b. 1783 - d. 1856)
21 Dec 1857 - 20 Apr 1881 Đorđe (Djordje) Smičiklas (b. 1815 - d. 1881)
20 Apr 1881 - 15 Mar 1883 Vacant
15 Mar 1883 - 20 Mar 1889 Ilija (Elias) Hranilović (b. 1850 - d. 1889)
20 Mar 1889 - 17 Dec 1891 Vacant
17 Dec 1891 - 18 May 1917 Julije (Iulius) Drohobeczky (b. 1853 - d. 1934)
18 May 1917 - 14 Apr 1940 Dionýz Njarady (b. 1874 - d. 1940)
(apostolic administrator to 1 May 1920)
16 Aug 1941 - 9 Aug 1946 Janko Šimrak (b. 1883 - d. 1946)
9 Aug 1946 - 22 Feb 1952 Vacant
23 Feb 1952 - 2 Mar 1961 Gabrijel Bukatko (b. 1913 - d. 1981)
(apostolic administrator to 22 Jul 1960)
2 Mar 1961 - 24 Feb 1963 Vacant
24 Feb 1963 - 22 Jan 1983 Joakim Segedi (auxiliary bishop) (b. 1904 - d. 2004)
22 Jan 1983 - 25 May 2009 Slavomir Miklovš (b. 1934 - d. 2011)
25 May 2009 - 18 Mar 2019 Nikola Kekić (b. 1943)
18 Mar 2019 - Milan Stipić (b. 1978)
(apostolic administrator to 8 Sep 2020)
Hungarian Church
1873 Hungarian (Greek) Apostolic Vicariate created.
8 Jun 1912 Diocese of Hajdúdorog created.
20 Mar 2015 Elevated to Archdiocese of Hajdúdorog.
Apostolic Vicars
1875 - 21 Oct 1895 János Danilovics (b. 1834 - d. 1895)
21 Oct 1895 - 15 Jun 1901 Vacant
Jun 1901 - 6 Dec 1909 Endre Lengyel (b. 1844 - d. 1909)
6 Dec 1909 - 1 Jan 1911 Vacant
1 Jan 1911 - 23 Feb 1914 Mihály Jaczkovics (b. 1858 - d. 1914)
Bishops of Hajdúdorog
1 Jun 1912 - 5 Oct 1913 Antal Papp (b. 1867 - d. 1945)
5 Oct 1913 - 30 Oct 1937 István Miklósy (b. 1857 - d. 1937)
30 Oct 1937 - 14 May 1939 Vacant
14 May 1939 - 15 Jul 1972 Miklós Dudás (b. 1902 - d. 1972)
15 Jul 1972 - 7 Jan 1975 Vacant
7 Jan 1975 - 30 Mar 1988 Imre Timkó (b. 1920 - d. 1988)
(apostolic administrator to 8 Feb 1975)
30 Jun 1988 - 10 Nov 2007 Szilárd Keresztes (b. 1932)
10 Nov 2007 - 2 May 2008 Vacant
2 May 2008 - 20 Mar 2015 Péter Fülöp Kocsis (b. 1963)
Archbishop of Hajdúdorog
20 Mar 2015 - Péter Fülöp Kocsis (s.a.)
Maronite Catholic Church
c.681 Maronite Church founded.
1182 Formally confirms union with Rome.
Patriarchs of Antioch and All the East of the Maronites
20 May 1670 - 3 May 1704 Stephen Douaihy (b. 1630 - d. 1704)
12 May 1704 - 10 Oct 1705 Gabriel Blauza (b. 1625 - d. 1705)
6 Nov 1705 - 12 Feb 1733 Jacob IV Awad (d. 1733)
25 Feb 1733 - 13 May 1742 Joseph V Dergham El-Khazen (d. 1742)
16 Mar 1743 - 12 Feb 1756 Syméon VII Awad (b. 1683 - d. 1756)
28 Feb 1756 - 29 May 1766 Toubia El-Khazen (d. 1766)
9 Jun 1766 - 22 Apr 1793 Joseph VI Estephan (Stephan) (b. 1729 - d. 1793)
(suspended 25 Jun 1779 - 28 Sep 1784)
10 Sep 1793 - 17 May 1795 Michel Fadel (d. 1795)
14 Jun 1795 - 12 Apr 1796 Philip Gemayel (b. 1740 - d. 1796)
28 Apr 1796 - 8 Jun 1809 Youssif Tyan (b. 1760 - d. 1820)
8 Jun 1809 - 12 May 1823 Yuhanna El-Helou (b. 17.. - d. 1823)
25 May 1823 - 23 May 1845 Youssif Hobeiche (Hobaish) (b. 1787 - d. 1845)
8 Aug 1845 - 3 Nov 1854 Youssif El-Khazen (Joseph IX) (b. 1791 - d. 1854)
12 Nov 1854 - 18 Apr 1890 Boulos Massaad (b. 1806 - d. 1890)
28 Apr 1890 - 24 Dec 1898 Yuhanna El-Haj (b. 1817 - d. 1898)
6 Jan 1899 - 24 Dec 1931 Elias Hoyek (Hoayek) (b. 1843 - d. 1931)
30 Apr 1932 - 19 May 1955 Antoun Arida (b. 1863 - d. 1955)
28 May 1955 - 11 Jan 1975 Boulos Méouchi (b. 1894 - d. 1975)
(from 22 Feb 1965, Boulos Cardinal Méouchi)
3 Feb 1975 - 3 Apr 1986 Antoine Khoraiche (b. 1907 - d. 1994)
(from 2 Feb 1983, Antoine Cardinal Khoraiche)
19 Apr 1986 - 26 Feb 2011 Nasrallah Sfeir (b. 1920 - d. 2019)
(from 26 Nov 1994, Nasrallah Cardinal Sfeir)
15 Mar 2011 - Béchara Raï (b. 1940)
(from 24 Nov 2012, Béchara Cardinal Raï)
Melkite Catholic Church
1 Oct 1724 Church enters union with Rome, splitting from the
Antiochian Orthodox church.
Patriarchs of Antioch and of All the East, of Alexandria and of Jerusalem
of the Melkite Greek Catholic Church
1 Oct 1724 - 19 Jul 1759 Cyrille VI Tanas (b. 1680 - d. 1759)
19 Jul 1759 - 1 Aug 1760 Athanase IV Jawhar (1st time) (b. 1733 - d. 1794)
1 Aug 1760 - 1 Aug 1760 Maximos II Hakim (b. c.1689 - d. 1760)
24 Dec 1761 - 10 Apr 1788 Théodose V Dahan (b. 1698 - d. 1788)
16 Feb 1765 - 1768 Athanase IV Jawhar (2nd time) (s.a.)
(anti-patriarch)
5 May 1788 - 2 Dec 1794 Athanase IV Jawhar (3rd time) (s.a.)
11 Dec 1794 - 6 Aug 1796 Cyrille VII Siage (d. 1796)
11 Sep 1796 - 2 Feb 1812 Agapios II Matar (b. 1742 - d. 1812)
21 Feb 1812 - 18 Nov 1812 Ignace IV Sarrouf (b. 1761 - d. 1812)
14 Aug 1813 - 20 Nov 1813 Athanase V Matar (b. 17.. - d. 1813)
10 Dec 1813 - 15 Dec 1815 Macaire IV Tawil (b. 17.. - d. 1815)
10 Jul 1816 - 25 Mar 1833 Ignace V Cattan (b. 1752 - d. 1839)
6 Apr 1833 - 23 Aug 1855 Maximos III Mazloum (b. 1779 - d. 1855)
1 Apr 1856 - 24 Sep 1864 Clément Bahous (b. 1799 - d. 1882)
29 Sep 1864 - 13 Jul 1897 Grégoire II Youssef-Sayour (b. 1823 - d. 1897)
24 Feb 1898 - 24 Apr 1902 Pierre IV Géraigiry (b. 1841 - d. 1902)
28 Jun 1902 - 12 Jan 1916 Cyrille VIII Geha (b. 1840 - d. 1916)
12 Jan 1916 - 6 Apr 1919 Vacant
6 Apr 1919 - 25 Oct 1925 Dimitrios I Cadi (b. 1861 - d. 1925)
8 Dec 1925 - 8 Sep 1947 Cyrille IX Moghabghab (b. 1855 - d. 1947)
30 Oct 1947 - 5 Nov 1967 Maximos IV Saïgh (b. 1878 - d. 1967)
(from 22 Feb 1965, Cardinal Maximos IV Saïgh)
22 Nov 1967 - 22 Nov 2000 Maximos V Hakim (b. 1908 - d. 2001)
6 Jun 2000 - 29 Nov 2000 Jean Assaad Haddad (b. 1926 - d. 2021)
29 Nov 2000 - 6 May 2017 Grégoire III Laham (b. 1933)
6 May 2017 - 21 Jun 2017 Jean-Clément Jeanbart (b. 1943)
21 Jun 2017 - Joseph I Absi (b. 1946)
Romanian Greek-Catholic Church
7 May 1700 Union with Rome
16 Nov 1854 Metropolis
1 Dec 1948 Church outlawed.
31 Dec 1989 Church re-legalized.
Bishops of Alba Iulia
1698 - 19 Aug 1713 Athanasie Anghel Popa (b. 16.. - d. 1713)
(Athanasiu Angelu)(titular)
1715 - 3 Feb 1721 Ioan Giurgiu Patachi (titular) (b. 1680 - d. 1727)
Bishops of Alba Iulia and Fagaras (and from 6 Dec 1835, and Metropolitans)
3 Feb 1721 - 29 Oct 1727 Ioan Giurgiu Patachi (s.a.)
11 Nov 1730 - 7 May 1751 Ioan Inocenţiu Micu-Klein (b. 1692 - d. 1768)
28 Feb 1752 - 27 Jan 1764 Petru Pavel Aron (b. 1712 - d. 1764)
22 Apr 1765 - 2 May 1772 Atanasie Rednic (b. 1722 - d. 1772)
8 May 1773 - 13 Mar 1782 Grigore Maior (b. 1714 - d. 1785)
15 Dec 1783 - 2 Oct 1830 Ioan Bob (b. 1739 - d. 1830)
23 Aug 1832 - 10 Apr 1850 Ioan Lemeni (b. 1780 - d. 1861)
17 Feb 1851 - 16 Nov 1854 Alexandru Şterca Şuluţiu de (b. 1794 - d. 1867)
Kerpenyes
Archbishops of Făgăraş and Alba Iulia and Metropolitans
16 Nov 1854 - 7 Sep 1867 Alexandru Şterca Şuluţiu de (s.a.)
21 Dec 1868 - 31 Jul 1892 Ioan Vancea (b. 1820 - d. 1892)
18 Mar 1895 - 21 Jan 1918 Victor Mihaly de Apşa (b. 1841 - d. 1918)
9 Aug 1919 - 25 Jan 1935 Vasile Suciu (b. 1873 - d. 1935)
29 Aug 1936 - 5 Jun 1941 Alexandru Nicolescu (b. 1882 - d. 1941)
1941 - 1947 Valeriu Traian Frentiu (b. 1875 - d. 1952)
1947 - 27 Jun 1953 Ioan Suciu (b. 1907 - d. 1953)
14 Mar 1990 - 20 Jul 1994 Alexandru Todea (b. 1912 - d. 2002)
(from 28 Jun 1991, Alexandru Cardinal Todea)
1992 - 20 Jul 1994 Gheorghe Guţiu (b. 1924 - d. 2011)
20 Jul 1994 - 16 Dec 2005 Lucian Mureşan (b. 1931)
Major Archbishop of Fagaras and Alba Iulia
16 Dec 2005 - Lucian Mureşan (s.a.)
(from 18 Feb 2012, Lucian Cardinal Mureşan)
Ruthenian Catholic Church
24 Apr 1646 Union with Rome
28 Aug 1949 - 16 Jan 1991 Church outlawed.
Apostolic Vicars and Auxiliary Bishops of Mukachevo of the Byzantines
5 Nov 1689 - 22 Aug 1706 Iosif Ioan de Camillis (b. 1641 - d. 1706)
1707 - 1710 Jurij Havryjil Vynnyc'kyj (b. 1660 - d. 1713)
(Jerzy Winnicki)(administrator)
1710 - 1715 Iosif Hodermarski (d. 1729)
(József Hodermárszky)
3 Apr 1716 - 22 Jul 1733 György Bizánczy (b. 1657 - d. 1733)
(Gennadiy Bizantsiy)
26 Aug 1733 - 24 Dec 1737 Simon István Olsavszky (b. 1692 - d. 1737)
14 Jan 1738 - 21 Dec 1742 György Gábor Blazsovszky (b. c.1705 - d. 1742)
12 Mar 1743 - 5 Nov 1767 Mihály Emánuel Olsavszky (b. 1697 - d. 1767)
22 Jan 1768 - 23 Sep 1771 János Bradács (Ioann Bradach) (b. 1732 - d. 1772)
Bishops of Mukachevo of the Byzantines
23 Sep 1771 - 4 Jul 1772 János Bradács (Ioann Bradach) (s.a.)
8 Mar 1773 - 19 Nov 1809 Andrey Bachinsky (Andrij Bacynskyj)(b. 1732 - d. 1809)
30 Sep 1808 - 30 Dec 1815 Mikhail Bradach (Mykhaylo Bradács) (b. 1748 - d. 1815)
(auxiliary bishop)
28 Jul 1817 - 11 Jul 1831 Alexy Póvsy (Alexis Pótsy) (b. 1753 - d. 1831)
11 Jul 1831 - 2 Oct 1837 Vacant
2 Oct 1837 - 19 Oct 1864 Vasiliy Popovic (Vasyl Popovics) (b. 1796 - d. 1864)
19 Oct 1864 - 22 Feb 1867 Vacant
22 Feb 1867 - 29 Aug 1874 István Pankovic (Stefano Pankovics)(b. 1820 - d. 1874)
12 Mar 1875 - 24 Mar 1891 János Pástzélyi-Kovács (b. 1826 - d. 1891)
17 Dec 1891 - 1 Jun 1912 Gyula Firczák (Yuliy Firtsak) (b. 1836 - d. 1912)
2 Jun 1912 - 14 Jul 1924 Antal Papp (b. 1867 - d. 1945)
16 Jul 1924 - 26 Apr 1931 Petro Gebey (b. 1864 - d. 1931)
3 May 1932 - 31 May 1943 Alexander Stojka (Oleksandr Stoyka)(b. 1890 - d. 1943)
1 Jan 1944 - 8 Sep 1944 Miklós Dudás (b. 1902 - d. 1972)
8 Sep 1944 - 1 Nov 1947 Théodore Georges Romzha (b. 1911 - d. 1947)
1945 - 26 May 1983 Alexander (Oleksandr) Chira (b. 1897 - d. 1983)
(exiled 10 Feb 1949 - Sep 1956 in Russian SFSR,
from Dec 1957 in Kazakh S.S.R.)
1947 - 1950 Makary Oksaniuk of Lviv (b. 1884 - d. 1961)
16 Jan 1991 - 12 Nov 2002 Ivan Semedi (b. 1921 - d. 2008)
(appointed 26 May 1983)
12 Nov 2002 - 14 Jul 2020 Milan Šašik (b. 1952 - d. 2020)
(apostolic administrator to 6 Jan 2003)
20 Jul 2020 - Yuriy "Nil" Lushchak (b. 1973)
Syrian Catholic Church
1662 Patriarchate created.
1702 Patriarchate abolished.
1782 Patriarchate restored.
Patriarchs of Antioch and All the East of the Syriacs
1662 - 24 Jul 1677 Ignace André Akhidjan (b. 1622 - d. 1677)
2 Apr 1678 - Feb 1702 Ignace Pierre VI Chaahbadine (b. 1640 - d. 1702)
Feb 1702 - 22 Jan 1782 Patriarchate abolished
22 Jan 1782 - 4 Sep 1800 Ignace Michael III Jarweh (b. 1730 - d. 1800)
20 Dec 1801 - Sep 1810 Ignace Michael IV Daher (b. 1761 - d. 1816)
2 Jan 1811 - 1 Jun 1818 Ignace Simon II Zora (b. 1754 - d. 1838)
25 Feb 1820 - 16 Oct 1851 Ignace Pierre VII Jarweh (b. 1777 - d. 1851)
30 Mar 1853 - 14 Mar 1864 Ignace Antoun I Samhery (b. 1801 - d. 1864)
6 Aug 1866 - 7 Mar 1874 Ignace Philippe I Arcous (b. 1826 - d. 1874)
21 Dec 1874 - 8 Dec 1891 Ignace Georges V Chalhat (b. 1818 - d. 1891)
12 Oct 1893 - 13 Sep 1897 Ignace Behnam II Behni (b. 1831 - d. 1897)
9 Oct 1898 - 7 May 1929 Ignace Ephrem II Rahmani (b. 1848 - d. 1929)
24 Jun 1929 - 29 Jan 1968 Ignace Gabriel I Tappouni (b. 1879 - d. 1968)
(from 16 Dec 1935, Cardinal Ignatius Gabriel Tappouni)
10 Mar 1968 - 23 Jul 1998 Ignace Antoun II Hayek (b. 1910 - d. 2007)
13 Oct 1998 - 8 Jan 2001 Ignace Moussa I Daoud (b. 1930 - d. 2012)
16 Feb 2001 - 2 Feb 2008 Ignace Pierre VIII Abdel-Ahad (b. 1930 - d. 2018)
2 Feb 2008 - 21 Jan 2009 Apostolic administrators
- Théophile Georges Kassab of (b. 1945 - d. 2013)
Homs, Hama, and Nabk
- Athanase Matti Shaba Matoka of (b. 1930)
- Grégoire Elias Tabé of Damascus (b. 1941)
21 Jan 2009 - Ignace Joseph III Younan (b. 1944)
Syro-Malabar Catholic Church
26 Jun 1599 St. Thomas Christians are included in the Catholic church.
28 Jul 1896 Vicariate Apostolic of Ernakulam (Syro-Malabar).
21 Dec 1923 Archdiocese of Ernakulam (Syro-Malabar).
16 Dec 1992 Rank of Major Archbishop (head of the church) created,
renamed Archdiocese of Ernakulam-Angamaly (Syro-Malabar).
Metropolitans and the Gate of All India, Major Archbishops of Syro-Malabar Catholic Church
16 Dec 1992 - 11 Nov 1996 Antony Cardinal Padiyara (b. 1921 - d. 2000)
(archbishop from 23 Apr 1985)
11 Nov 1996 - 1 Apr 2011 Varkey Vithayathil (b. 1927 - d. 2011)
(apostolic administrator to 23 Dec 1999)
(from 21 Feb 2001, Varkey Cardinal Vithayathil)
1 Apr 2011 - 26 May 2011 Mar Bosco Puthur (b. 1946)
26 May 2011 - George Alencherry (b. 1945)
(from 18 Feb 2012, George Cardinal Alencherry)
Syro-Malankara Catholic Church
11 Jun 1932 Archeparchy of Trivandrum (Syro-Malankara) erected.
Archbishops of Trivandrum
11 Jun 1932 - 15 Jul 1953 Mar Ivanios (b. 1882 - d. 1953)
27 Jan 1955 - 10 Oct 1994 Benedict Mar Gregorios (b. 1916 - d. 1994)
29 Nov 1995 - 10 Jan 2005 Cyril Mar Baselios (b. 1935 - d. 2007)
Metropolitan Archbishops of Trivandrum, Major Archbishops Catholicos
of the Syro-Malankara Church
10 Jan 2005 - 18 Jan 2007 Cyril Mar Baselios (s.a.)
18 Jan 2007 - 10 Feb 2007 Geevarghese Mar Divannasios (b. 1950 - d. 2018)
(administrator)
10 Feb 2007 - Baselios Mar Cleemis (b. 1959)
(from 24 Nov 2012, Baselios Cardinal Cleemis)
Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
3 Jan 1596 Union with Rome; church headed by Metropolitan of Galicia
and Kiev.
26 Sep 1808 Metropolis of Lviv (Lemberg) established in Austria-Hungary.
23 Feb 1838 Metropolis of Kiev abolished and absorbed into Russian Orthodox
Chruch; Lviv becomes a Metropolis of Galicia and Lviv.
Mar 1946 Church outlawed and in 1949 absorbed by Russian Orthodox Church.
Mar 1975 Major Archbishop proclaims himself a Patriarch, not approved
by Rome.
1 Dec 1989 Church re-legalized.
21 Aug 2005 Metropolis moved to Kiev.
Metropolitans of Kiev, Galicia and all Rus'
15 Feb 1693 - 24 Aug 1708 Lev Slyubych-Zalens'kyy (b. 1648 - d. 1708)
(Lew Ślubičz Załęnski)
(administrator to 22 Sep 1695)
24 Aug 1708 - 22 Sep 1713 Yuriy Vynnyts'kyy (Jerzy Winnicki) (b. 1660 - d. 1713)
(administrator to 7 May 1710)
24 Oct 1713 - 19 Nov 1728 Lev Kyška (Luka Kiszka) (b. 1663 - d. 1728)
17 Aug 1729 - 12 Dec 1746 Atanasiy Sheptyts'kyy (b. 1686 - d. 1746)
(Atanasij Šeptycki)
1747 Teodosiy Lyubenets'kyy-Rudnyts'kyy (b. c.1698 - d. 1751)
(Theodor Liubenetsky-Rudnitsky)
(not confirmed by the Pope)
Dec 1746 - 18 Jul 1762 Floriyan Grabnyts'kyy (b. 1683 - d. 1762)
(Florian Hrebnicki)
(administrator to 16 Dec 1748)
18 Jul 1762 - 1 Feb 1778 Felitsiyan Pylyp Volodkovych (b. 1698 - d. 1778)
(Felicjan Filip Wołodkowicz)
(coadjutor Archbishop 12 Jan 1756 - 18 Jul 1762)
1 Feb 1778 - 24 May 1779 Lev Lyudvig Sheptyts'kyy (b. 1717 - d. 1779)
(Lev Czeptytski)
(coadjutor Archbishop 20 Dec 1762 - 1 Feb 1778)
1779 - 27 Sep 1788 Yason Smogozhevs'kyy (b. 1715 - d. 1788)
(Jason Junosza Smogorževsky)
(administrator to 25 Jun 1781)
1 Nov 1788 - 25 Jan 1805 Teodosiy Rostots'kyy (b. 1725 - d. 1805)
(Tadeusz Teodozy Rostocki)
1805 - 30 Aug 1809 Irakliy Lisovs'kyy (b. 1734 - d. 1809)
(Herakliusz Lissowski)
Metropolitans of Kiev
3 Oct 1809 - 1814 Grygoriy Kokhanovych (b. bf.1750 - d. 1814)
(Grzegorz Kochanowicz)
27 Jan 1817 - 23 Feb 1838 Yosafat Bulgak (Jozafat Bułhak) (b. 1758 - d. 1838)
Metropolitans of Galicia and Archbishops (from 22 Dec 1963, Major Archbishops) of Lviv
26 Sep 1808 - 9 Aug 1814 Antin Angelovich (b. 1756 - d. 1814)
(Antoni Angełłowicz)
8 Mar 1816 - 14 Jan 1858 Mykhaylo Levyts'kyy (Michał Lewicki)(b. 1774 - d. 1858)
(from 16 Jun 1856, Mikhail Cardinal Levyts'kyy;
from 1848 also, Primate of Galicia and Lodomeria)
14 Jan 1858 - 23 Mar 1860 Vacant
23 Mar 1860 - 29 Apr 1863 Grygoriy Yakhymovych (b. 1792 - d. 1863)
(Grzegorz Jachimowicz)
30 Jun 1863 - 4 Jun 1869 Spyrydon Lytvynovych (b. 1810 - d. 1869)
(Spirydion Litwinowicz)
27 Jun 1870 - 11 Nov 1882 Yosif Sembratovich (Sembratovych) (b. 1821 - d. 1900)
(Josyf Sembratowycz)
Nov 1882 - 4 Aug 1898 Sylvester Sembratovich (Sembratovych(b. 1836 - d. 1898)
(from 29 Nov 1895, Sylvester Cardinal Sembratovych)
(administrator to 27 May 1885)
19 Jun 1899 - 4 May 1900 Yulian Kuyilovs'kyy (b. 1826 - d. 1900)
(Julian Sas-Kuilovsky)
17 Dec 1900 - 1 Nov 1944 Andrey Sheptyts'kyy (b. 1865 - d. 1944)
(Andrzej Szeptycki)
1 Nov 1944 - Mar 1975 Yosyf Slipyy-Kobernyts'kyy- (b. 1892 - d. 1984)
Dychkovs'kyy (Josyf Slipyi)
(Soviet prisoner 11 Apr 1945 - 23 Jan 1963;
in Rome exile from 9 Feb 1963)
(from 25 Jan 1965, Josyf Cardinal Slipyy)
1972 - 30 Mar 1991 Volodymyr Sternyuk (Sterniuk) (b. 1907 - d. 1997)
(Locum Tenens in Ukraine)
Patriarchs of Lviv, Major Archbishops of Lviv
Mar 1975 - 7 Sep 1984 Yosyf Cardinal Slipyy-Kobernyts'kyy-(s.a.)
Dychkovs'kyy (in Rome exile)
7 Sep 1984 - 14 Dec 2000 Myroslav Ivan Lyubachivs'kyy (b. 1914 - d. 2000)
(from 25 May 1985, Myroslav Ivan Cardinal Lyubachivs'kyy)
(in Rome exile to 30 Mar 1991)
14 Dec 2000 - 6 Dec 2004 Lyubomyr Husar (b. 1933 - d. 2017)
(from 21 Feb 2001, Lyubomyr Cardinal Husar)
(Locum Tenens to 25 Jan 2001)
Patriarchs of Kiev, Major Archbishops of Kiev and Galicia (Kyyv-Halych)
6 Dec 2004 - 10 Feb 2011 Lyubomyr Cardinal Husar (s.a.)
10 Feb 2011 - 27 Mar 2011 Ihor Voznyak (Locum Tenens) (b. 1952)
27 Mar 2011 - Svyatoslav Shevchuk (b. 1970)
Italo-Albanian Catholic Church (Italo-Greek Catholic Church)
13 Feb 1919 Eparchy of Lungro degli Italo-Albanesi in Calabria erected for
Byzantine-Rite Albanians, directly subject to the Holy See.
26 Sep 1937 Monastery of Santa Maria di Grottaferrata is given the status of
a territorial abbey (Territorial Abbey of Santa Maria di
Grottaferrata [Italo-Albanese]), directly subject to Holy See.
26 Oct 1937 Eparchy of Piana del Greci (renamed 25 Oct 1941, Piana degli
Albanesi) in Sicily erected for Byzantine-Rite Albanians
(directly subject to the Holy See).
Lungro degli Italo-Albanesi
Bishops of Lungro degli Italo-Albanesi
8 Jun 1919 - 10 Feb 1979 Giovanni Mele (b. 1885 - d. 1979)
20 Feb 1979 - 7 Jun 1987 Giovanni Stamati (b. 1912 - d. 1987)
(apostolic administrator from 25 Mar 1967)
30 Nov 1987 - 10 Aug 2010 Ercole Lupinacci (b. 1933 - d. 2016)
10 Aug 2010 - 1 Jul 2012 Salvatore Nunnari (b. 1939)
1 Jul 2012 - Donato Oliverio (b. 1956)
Piana degli Albanesi
Bishops of (Piana del Greci to 25 Oct 1941) Piana degli Albanesi
26 Oct 1937 - 5 Jun 1981 Giuseppe Perniciaro (b. 1907 - d. 1981)
(auxiliary bishop to 12 Jul 1967)
5 Jun 1981 - 30 Nov 1987 Ercole Lupinacci (s.a.)
15 Oct 1988 - 8 Apr 2013 Sotìr Ferrara (b. 1937 - d. 2017)
8 Apr 2013 - 28 Jun 2015 Paolo Cardinal Romeo (b. 1938)
28 Jun 2015 - Giorgio Demetrio Gallaro (b. 1948 )
(apostolic administrator from 25 Feb 2020)
Santa Maria di Grottaferrata Monastery
Abbots of Santa Maria di Grottaferrata
18 Dec 1937 - Jul 1960 Isidoro Croce (b. 1892 - d. 1966)
23 Jul 1960 - 18 Jan 1972 Teodoro Minisci (b. 1907 - d. 1990)
4 Aug 1972 - 1994 Paolo Giannini (b. 1920 - d. 2006)
10 Aug 1994 - 31 Jan 2000 Marco Petta (b. 1921 - d. 2007)
31 Jan 2000 - 4 Nov 2013 Emiliano Fabbricatore (b. 1938 - d. 2019)
4 Nov 2013 - Marcello Semeraro (b. 1947)
(from 28 Nov 2020, Marcello Cardinal Semeraro)
Old and Other Schismatic Catholic Churches
Church of Utrecht
Archbishops of Utrecht
27 Apr 1723 - 3 Apr 1725 Cornelius Steenoven (b. 1661 - d. 1725)
15 May 1725 - 13 May 1733 Cornelius Johannes Barchman (b. 1692 - d. 1733)
Wuytiers
22 Jul 1733 - 9 Jun 1739 Theodorus van der Croon (b. 1668 - d. 1739)
2 Jul 1739 - 31 Oct 1767 Petrus Johannes Meindaerts (b. 1684 - d. 1767)
19 Nov 1767 - 14 Apr 1797 Gualterus Michael van (b. 1722 - d. 1797)
Nieuwhuyzen
10 May 1797 - 24 Jun 1808 Johannes Jacobus van Rhijn (b. 1742 - d. 1808)
24 Jun 1808 - 10 Feb 1814 Vacant
10 Feb 1814 - 28 Feb 1825 Willibrord van Os (b. 1744 - d. 1825)
14 Jul 1825 - 3 Jul 1858 Johannes van Santen (b. 1772 - d. 1858)
7 Jul 1858 - 4 Jul 1873 Henricus Loos (b. 1813 - d. 1873)
16 Dec 1874 - 8 Jan 1892 Johannes Heykamp (b. 1824 - d. 1892)
23 Feb 1892 - 9 Feb 1920 Gerardus Gul (b. 1847 - d. 1920)
8 Mar 1920 - 10 Feb 1937 Franciscus Kenninck (b. 1859 - d. 1937)
6 Apr 1937 - 8 Nov 1970 Andreas Rinkel (b. 1889 - d. 1979)
8 Nov 1970 - 29 Dec 1981 Marinus Kok (b. 1916 - d. 1999)
6 Feb 1982 - 12 Feb 2000 Antonius Jan Glazemaker (b. 1931 - d. 2018)
11 Mar 2000 - 11 Jan 2020 Joris August Odilius Ludovicus (b. 1952)
Vercammen
15 Feb 2020 - Barend "Bernd" Theodoor Wallet (b. 1971)
Old Catholic Church of Great Britain
Archbishop-Primates
22 Apr 1908 - 19 Dec 1919 Arnold Harris Matthews (b. 1852 - d. 1919)
19 Dec 1919 - 16 Feb 1920 Bernard Mary Williams (1st time) (b. 1889 - d. 1952)
16 Feb 1920 - 1 Oct 1920 Francis Herbert Bacon
1 Oct 1920 - 19 Jun 1952 Bernard Mary Williams (2nd time) (s.a.)
Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church
6 Jul 1945 Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church (Igreja Católica
Apostólica Brasileira)(ICAB) founded.
Patriarchs
6 Jul 1945 - 26 Mar 1961 Carlos Duarte Costa (b. 1888 - d. 1961)
1961 José Aires da Cruz
1961 - 197. Antídio José Vargas
(general supervisor)
197. - 19.. Luigi Máscolo (Luige Másculo) (b. 1927)
19.. - 1988 Pedro dos Santos Silva
(president Episcopal Council)
1988 - 29 Oct 2009 Luis Fernando Castillo Méndez (b. 1922 - d. 2009)
2009 - Josivaldo Pereira de Oliveira (b. 1948)
(presiding bishop)
Old Catholic Church of the Mariavites
Minister-General
10 Oct 1909 - 29 Jan 1935 Jan Maria Michał Kowalski (b. 1871 - d. 1942)
Bishop-Primates
29 Jan 1935 - 1945 Klemens Maria Filip Feldman (b. 1885 - d. 1971)
1945 - 1953 Roman Maria Jakub Próchniewski (b. 1872 - d. 1954)
1953 - 1955 Wacław Maria Bartłomiej (b. 1878 - d. 1961)
Przysiecki
1955 - 1965 Jan Maria Michał Sitek (b. 1906 - d. 1970)
1965 - 1972 Wacław Maria Innocenty (b. 1913 - d. 1985)
Gołębiowski
6 Sep 1972 - 8 Aug 1997 Stanisław Maria Tymoteusz (b. 1931 - d. 1997)
1997 - 10 Jul 2007 Zdzisław Maria Włodzimierz (b. 1937)
Jaworski
10 Jul 2007 - 29 Sep 2015 Michał Remigiusz Maria Ludwik (b. 1950)
Jabłoński
29 Sep 2015 - Marek Maria Karol Babi (b. 1975)
Polish Catholic Church of the Mariavites-Felicjanów Group
29 Jan 1935 Catholic Church of the Mariavites-Felicjanów Group, split
from the Old Catholic Church of the Mariavites.
29 Jan 1935 - 18 May 1942 Jan Maria Michał Kowalski (b. 1871 - d. 1942)
Archpriestess
1942 - 28 Nov 1946 Antonina Maria Izabela Wiłucka- (b. 1890 - d. 1946)
Kowalska (f)
28 May 1950 - 17 Mar 2005 Józef Maria Rafael Wojciechowski (b. 1917 - d. 2005)
Bishopess
21 May 2005 - Damiana Maria Beatrycze (b. 1935)
Szulgowicz (f)
Polish National Catholic Church of America
1897 Polish National Catholic Church, split from Roman Catholic Church.
Prime Bishops
Sep 1904 - 16 Feb 1953 Franciszek Hodur (b. 1866 - d. 1953)
1953 - 17 Jul 1969 Leon Grochowski (b. 1886 - d. 1969)
1969 - 1978 Thaddeus F. Zielinski (b. 1904 - d. 1990)
1978 - 1985 Francis Rowinski (b. 1918 - d. 1990)
1985 - 8 Oct 2002 John F. Swantek (b. 1933 - d. 2022)
8 Oct 2002 - 5 Oct 2010 Robert M. Nemkovich (b. 1942)
5 Oct 2010 - Anthony Mikovsky (b. 1966)
North American Old Roman Catholic Church
Oct 1916 Old Roman Catholic Church founded.
1919 Renamed North American Old Roman Catholic Church (NAORCC).
Jan 1958 Following the death of Archbishop Carfora, several
independent but cooperating jurisdictions are established.
Archbishops and Primates
4 Oct 1916 - 22 Dec 1919 Rudolph Francis Edward Hamilton (b. 1873 - d. 1920)
de Lorraine-Brabant, prince de
Landas Berghes
22 Dec 1919 - 18 Jan 1958 Carmel Henry Carfora (b. 1878 - d. 1958)
1958 Cyrus Augustine Starkey (1st time) (b. 1873 - d. 1965)
8 Jun 1958 - 1962 Richard Arthur Marchenna (b. 1904 - d. 1982)
(continues in dissidence to 2 Sep 1982)
1962 - 18 Dec 1965 Cyrus Augustine Starkey (2nd time) (s.a.)
1965 - 29 May 1988 John Emil Schweikert (b. 1924 - d. 1988)
1988 - 27 Jan 2016 Theodore Joseph Rematt (b. 1945 - d. 2016)
27 Jan 2016 - 14 Oct 2018 Vacant
14 Oct 2018 - Nioclás Kelly
North American Old Roman Catholic Church, Archdiocese of California
1940 North American Old Roman Catholic Church, Archdiocese
of California incorporated (also called the North American Old
Roman Catholic Church – Utrecht Succession, Archdiocese of
California).
Presiding Archbishops, Archdiocese of California
7 Jan 1940 - 1985 Edgar Ramon Verostek (b. 1909 - d. 1994)
10 Aug 1985 - 7 Jan 2022 Joseph Andrew Vellone (b. 1935 - d. 2022)
7 Jan 2022 - Ivan Alberto Castaňeda (b. 1954)
North American Old Roman Catholic Church, Archdiocese of New York
1946 North American Old Roman Catholic Church,
Archdiocese of New York established.
Archbishops, Archdiocese of New York
1946 - 30 Apr 1972 Hubert Augustus Rogers (b. 1887 - d. 1976)
20 May 1972 - 1 Sep 1990 James Hubert Rogers (b. 1920 - d. 1991)
1 Sep 1990 - 1991 Herve Lionel Quessy (b. 1932 - d. 2008)
1 Sep 1991 - 10 Mar 2002 Edward James Ford (1st time) (b. 1952)
10 Mar 2002 - 16 Jun 2007 Edmund F. Leeman, Jr. (b. 1939 - d. 2011)
16 Jun 2007 - Edward James Ford (2nd time) (s.a.)
Old Catholic Church of Canada
30 Jul 1948 Old Catholic Diocese of Hamilton.
5 Jul 1960 Diocese of Hamilton and other Canadian dioceses incorporated
as an independent body (Old Catholic Church of Canada)(OCCA).
2010 Renamed Community Catholic Church of Canada (CCCC).
Bishops, Diocese of Hamilton
30 Jul 1948 - 1949 Walter P. Crossman (b. 1896 - d. 1973)
1 Oct 1949 - 1953 George Frank Davis (b. 1899 - d. 1968)
30 May 1953 - Sep 1960 Patrick Mahoney (b. 1891? - d. 1964)
Presiding Bishops of Old Catholic Church of Canada
Sep 1960 - 5 Mar 1962 Richard Arthur Marchenna (s.a.)
5 Mar 1962 - 9 Oct 1988 Robert Ritchie (b. 1907 - d. 1999)
9 Oct 1988 - Jun 2001 David Charles Thomson (b. 1937)
Jun 2001 - 10 Jul 2005 Arthur Cuthbert Keating (b. 1926)
10 Jul 2005 - 2010 Patricia Josephine Davies (f)
Presiding Bishops of Community Catholic Church of Canada
Dec 2010 - Deborah "Deb" Vaughan (f)
Old Catholic Church of America
1925 Archdiocese of the Old Catholic Church in America, separated
from the North American Old Roman Catholic Church.
1914 Old Roman Catholic Church of America
Archbishops
7 Nov 1925 - 1942 Paul Francis Cope (b. 1879? - d. 1969)
1942 - 1975 Francis Xavier Resch (b. 1878 - d. 1976)
1975 - 1 Nov 1997 Walter Xavier Brown (b. 1931 - d. 1998)
1 Nov 1997 - 8 Mar 2009 James Edward Bostwick (b. 1949 - d. 2009)
11 Jan 2009 - Sherman Randall Pius Mosley (b. 1956)
(coadjutor to 27 Jun 2009)
- Archbishop Metropolitans, in dissidence -
Dec 2009 - 29 May 2014 Henry Pleau
15 Oct 2013 - 9 Nov 2017 Charles Walders
(coadjutor to 29 May 2014)
9 Nov 2017 - David Persyn
Old Roman Catholic Church in North America
1963 Old Roman Catholic Church English Rite, separated from
North American Old Roman Catholic Church.
1975 Old Roman Catholic Church in North America
14 Jun 2019 Society of Mercy became the continuation body of Old Roman
Catholic Church in North America – Ultrajectine Tradition.
May 1963 - 20 Apr 1974 Robert Alfred Burns (d. 1974)
6 Oct 1973 - 5 Jan 1975 Andrew Gordon Johnston-Cantrell
(coadjutor)
30 Nov 1974 - 14 Jun 2019 Francis Peter Facione (b. 1940 - d. 2019)
14 Jun 2019 - William Myers
Tridentine Latin Rite Catholic Church
1978 Tridentine Latin Rite Catholic Church incorporated.
1 Nov 1971 - 5 Nov 2006 Francis Konrad Schuckardt (b. 1937 - d. 2006)
Congregation of Mary Immaculate Queen
1967 Congregation of Mary Immaculate Queen (CMRI) as a religious
congregation of brothers and sisters.
1971 Split from the Roman Catholic Church.
14 Jun 1984 Re-incorporated as Latin Rite Catholic Church.
30 Jun 1984 Schuckardt excommunicates Chicoine.
Superior Generals
1967 - 14 Jun 1984 Francis Konrad Schuckardt (s.a.)
14 Jun 1984 - 1989 Denis P. Chicoine (b. 1937 - d. 1995)
Aug 1989 - 1991 Mark A. Pivarunas (1st time) (b. 1958)
1991 - 1995 Casimir M. Puskorius
1995 - Mark A. Pivarunas (2nd time) (s.a.)
Mexican Catholic Apostolic Church
4 Dec 1860 Mexican Catholic Apostolic Church (Iglesia Católica Apostólica
Mexicana) founded in Tamaulipas and led by priest Ramón Lozano.
It is promoted by the government of Benito Juárez (15 Jun 1861),
but it fails to attract any Catholic Church leadership and
dissolves after 1867.
18 Feb 1925 Mexican Catholic Apostolic Church (Iglesia Católica Apostólica
Mexicana)(ICAM)(also called also the Iglesia Católica Ortodoxa
Apostólica Mexicana) founded.
1932 The church faces several internal crises followed by consequent
splits and mergers.
22 May 1983 Old Catholic Church of Mexico merges with the Mexican Catholic
Apostolic Church.
21 May 1993 Mexican Catholic Apostolic Church is registered in the Mexican
Federal Registry of Religious Associations.
Archbishops and Patriarchs
17 Oct 1926 - 9 Oct 1931 José Joaquín Pérez y Budar (b. 1851 - d. 1931)
1931 - Sep 1932 José Macario López y Valdés
(administrator to Aug 1932)
25 May 1932 - May 1933 José Eduardo Dávila de la Garza (b. c.1905 - d. 1985)
y Pardo
Oct 1932 - 18 Dec 1937 Juan Crisóstom I (b. 1861 - d. 1937)
(= Antonio Benigno López y Sierra)
(of Mexican Catholic Apostolic Church)
29 Jun 1933 - 1958 José Pedro Ortíz -Primate (d. 1958)
(of Mexican Old Roman Catholic Church)
6 Jul 1934 - 193. José Vicente Liñán
(of Mexican Orthodox Catholic Apostolic Church)
Patriarch Primates (Primas)
1958 - 5 Aug 1988 Armin von Monte de Honor (b. 1900 - d. 1988)
1991 - 13 Dec 2021 José Camargo Melo (b. 1942 - d. 2021)
Mexican Orthodox Catholic Apostolic National Church
Pope and Supreme Pontiff of Mexico and the Americas
12 Dec 1933 - 1952 Eduardo I (s.a.)
(= José Eduardo Dávila de la Garza y Pardo)
Archbishop and Primate
1952 - 21 Sep 1985 José Eduardo Dávila de la Garza (s.a.)
Mexican Catholic Apostolic Church (2)
1972 Split of the ICAM creates another Mexican Catholic Apostolic
1972 - 28 Jan 1983 José Cortés y Olmos (b. 1923 - d. 1983)
1983 - 2 Jan 2005 Emile Federico Rodríguez y (b. 1912 - d. 2005)
Palmarian Christian Church
6 Aug 1978 Christian Palmarian Church of the Carmelites of the Holy Face
(Iglesia Cristiana Palmariana de los Carmelitas de la Santa
Faz) in Spain splits from the Roman Catholic Church.
15 Aug 1978 - 22 Mar 2005 Gregory XVII (b. 1946 - d. 2005)
(= Clemente Domínguez y Gómez)
22 Mar 2005 - 15 Jul 2011 Peter II (b. 1934 - d. 2011)
(= Manuel Alonso Corral)
23 Jul 2011 - 22 Apr 2016 Gregory XVIII (b. 1959)
(= Sergio María Ginés Jesús Hernández y Martínez)
23 Apr 2016 - Peter III (b. 1966)
(= Joseph Odermatt)
Philippine Independent Church
3 Aug 1902 Philippine Independent Church (Iglesia Filipina
Independiente)(IFI)(Aglipayan Church) founded.
Supreme Bishops (Obispo Maximo)
17 Oct 1902 - 1 Sep 1940 Gregorio Aglipay y Labayan (b. 1860 - d. 1940)
14 Oct 1940 - Jan 1946 Santiago Fonacier y Suguitan (b. 1885 - d. 1977)
22 Jan 1946 - 1 Sep 1946 Gerardo Bayaca y Medina (b. 1893 - d. 1975)
1 Sep 1946 - 10 Oct 1971 Isabelo de los Reyes y Lopez, Jr. (b. 1900 - d. 1971)
Nov 1971 - 8 May 1981 Macario Ga y Vilches (b. 1913 - d. 2002)
8 May 1981 - 8 May 1987 Abdias de la Cruz y Rebantad (b. 1931 - d. 2019)
8 May 1987 - 26 May 1989 Soliman Ganno y Flores (b. 1931 - d. 1989)
22 Jun 1989 - May 1993 Tito Pasco y Esquíllo (b. 1930 - d. 2008)
May 1993 - May 1999 Alberto Ramento y Baldovino (b. 1936 - d. 2006)
May 1999 - May 2005 Tomas Millamena y Amabran (b. 1947 - d. 2014)
10 May 2005 - 10 May 2011 Godofredo David y Juico (b. 1956)
10 May 2011 - 10 May 2017 Ephraim Fajutagana y Servañez (b. 1951)
10 May 2017 - Rhee Millena Timbang
Roman Catholic Religious Orders
Order of Malta, Knights of St. John Hospitaller: see under Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Society of Jesus (Jesuits)
27 Sep 1540 Society of Jesus (Societas Iesu) founded.
16 Aug 1773 - 7 Aug 1814 Suppressed by Papal decree (except in Russia; status
in Russia approved by Papal decree 7 Mar 1801).
19 Apr 1541 - 31 Jul 1556 Ignacio de Loyola (b. 1491 - d. 1556)
2 Jul 1558 - 19 Jan 1565 Diego Laínez Gómez de León (b. 1512 - d. 1565)
2 Jul 1565 - 1 Oct 1572 Francisco de Borja y Aragón (b. 1510 - d. 1572)
23 Apr 1573 - 1 Aug 1580 Everard (Lardinois) Mercurian (b. 1514 - d. 1580)
19 Feb 1581 - 31 Jan 1615 Claudio Acquaviva (b. 1543 - d. 1615)
15 Nov 1615 - 9 Feb 1645 Muzio (Mutio) Vitelleschi (b. 1563 - d. 1645)
7 Jan 1646 - 8 Jun 1649 Vincenzo Carafa (b. 1585 - d. 1649)
21 Dec 1649 - 17 Jun 1651 Francesco Piccolomini (b. 1582 - d. 1651)
21 Jan 1652 - 12 Mar 1652 Alessandro Luigi Gottifredi (b. 1595 - d. 1652)
17 Mar 1652 - 31 Jul 1664 Goschwin Nickel (b. 1582 - d. 1664)
31 Jul 1664 - 26 Nov 1681 Giovanni Paolo Oliva (b. 1600 - d. 1681)
5 Jul 1682 - 12 Dec 1686 Charles de Noyelle (b. 1615 - d. 1686)
6 Jul 1687 - 27 Oct 1705 Tirso González de Santalla (b. 1624 - d. 1705)
31 Jan 1706 - 28 Feb 1730 Michelangelo Tamburini (b. 1648 - d. 1730)
30 Nov 1730 - 19 Nov 1750 Franz Retz (b. 1673 - d. 1750)
4 Jul 1751 - 4 May 1755 Ignazio Visconti (b. 1686 - d. 1755)
30 Nov 1755 - 2 Oct 1757 Alessandro Luigi Centurione (b. 1686 - d. 1757)
21 May 1758 - 24 Nov 1775 Lorenzo Ricci (b. 1703 - d. 1775)
24 Nov 1775 - 7 Aug 1814 Post abolished
Superior Generals for Russia
17 Oct 1782 - 21 Oct 1785 Stanisław Czerniewicz (b. 1727 - d. 1786)
8 Oct 1785 - 21 Oct 1798 Gabryel Lenkiewicz -Vicar-general (b. 1722 - d. 1798)
12 Feb 1799 - 11 Aug 1802 Franciszek Ksawery Karü (b. 1731 - d. 1802)
(vicar-general to 7 Mar 1801)
22 Oct 1802 - 6 Apr 1805 Gabryel Gruber (b. 1740 - d. 1805)
14 Sep 1805 - 7 Aug 1814 Tadeusz Brzozowski (b. 1749 - d. 1820)
7 Aug 1814 - 5 Feb 1820 Tadeusz Brzozowski (s.a.)
18 Oct 1820 - 27 Jan 1829 Luigi Fortis (b. 1749 - d. 1829)
9 Jul 1829 - 8 May 1853 Johannes Philippus Roothaan (b. 1785 - d. 1853)
2 Aug 1853 - 4 Mar 1887 Pieter Jan (Pierre Jean) Beckx (b. 1795 - d. 1887)
5 Mar 1887 - 18 Jan 1892 Anton Maria Anderledy (b. 1819 - d. 1892)
2 Oct 1892 - 18 Apr 1906 Luis Martín García (b. 1846 - d. 1906)
8 Sep 1906 - 19 Aug 1914 Franz Xaver Wernz (b. 1842 - d. 1914)
11 Feb 1915 - 13 Dec 1942 Włodzimierz Halka-Ledóchowski (b. 1866 - d. 1942)
14 Dec 1942 - 12 Apr 1944 Alessio Magni-Vicar-general (b. 1872 - d. 1944)
19 Apr 1944 - 15 Sep 1946 Norbert De Boynes -Vicar-general (b. 1870 - d. 1954)
15 Sep 1946 - 5 Oct 1964 Jean-Baptiste Janssens (b. 1899 - d. 1964)
22 May 1965 - 3 Sep 1983 Pedro Arrupe y Gondra (b. 1907 - d. 1991)
5 Oct 1981 - 13 Sep 1983 Paolo Dezza -Papal delegate (b. 1901 - d. 1999)
13 Sep 1983 - 14 Jan 2008 Peter Hans Kolvenbach (b. 1928 - d. 2016)
19 Jan 2008 - 14 Oct 2016 Adolfo Nicolás Pachón (b. 1936 - d. 2020)
14 Oct 2016 - Arturo Marcelino Sosa Abascal (b. 1948)
Knights of the Hospital of Saint Mary of the Teutonic House in Jerusalem (Teutonic Order)
Teutonic Order Flag
9 Nov 1190 Teutonic Order, or in full the Order of the Knights (or Brethren)
of the House of Saint Mary of the Teutonic House in Jerusalem
(in Latin: Ordo domus Sanctae Mariae Theutonicorum
Hierosolymitanorum [in German: Orden der Ritter (or Brüder)
des Haus Sankt Marien des Deutschen Hauses zu Jerusalem])
in the Holy Land set up by merchants from Bremen and Lübeck
at Crusader encampment during the siege of Akko (Acre) by
Guy de Lusignan, King of Jerusalem.
5 Mar 1198 Reorganized as a military order (on model of Templars)
(recognized by Pope Innocent III as such on 19 Feb 1199).
1211 - 1225 Active in Transylvania against the pagan Qypçak (Kumans).
1219 - 24 Apr 1809 Mergentheim (Marienthal) in Franconia, Germany a possession
of the Order.
1224 Duke Conrad of Mazovia, appeals to the Grand Master Hermann
von Salza for assistance against the warlike Prussians, who
had periodically fought Poland. The Order promised
control of Courland and Livonia (see under Latvia).
1226 Grand Master (Hochmeister) of the Teutonic Order is granted by
the Emperor all the privileges and (from Jun 1230) style of the
prince of the Empire. The knights are entitled to subject the
Prussians on behalf of the Empire.
1230 Seat of the Grand Master at Montfort castle (al-Qurayn in Arabic;
35 km north of Haifa, originally called Castellum novum regis),
sold to the Order in 1228.
1256 - 1268 Lordship of the Schuf (an offshoot of the Lordship of Sidon), inland
from modern Saida in Lebanona, a possession of the Order.
1271 Montfort lost, seat of the Grand Master moved to Akko/Acre.
1291 Seat of the Grand Master moved from Akko (Akkon) to Venice
upon the conquest of Akko 18 May 1291.
9 Sep 1309 Seat of the Grand Master (Hochmeister) is moved from Venice
to Marienburg (Malbork) in Prussia. The Grand Master takes
over direct administration of the Prussian branch. With the loss
of Marienburg 19 Oct 1466, the seat is moved to Königsberg.
1378 - 1409 During the Great Schism in the Papacy, the Order in Marienburg
continues to recognize the Papal court in Rome rather the rival
in Avignon, France.
9 Apr 1525 The Hochmeister Albrecht Markgraf von Brandenburg-Ansbach
having converted to Protestantism, he becomes hereditary
Duke of Prussia. Order survives under the Deutschmeister Walter
von Cronberg.
16 Dec 1526 Seat of the Grand Master is moved to Mergentheim.
9 Feb 1801 By the Peace of Lunéville (and Treaty of Amiens of 25 Mar 1802) its
sovereign possessions on the left-bank of the Rhine River were
distributed among the neighboring German sovereigns.
26 Dec 1805 By article 12 of the Treaty of Pressburg, between Austria and
France, all the possessions of the Grand Magistery at Mergentheim
and all those given in exchange earlier were attached to what
was to be a hereditary Grand Mastership, invested in the male
line of the Imperial House of Austria.
17 Feb 1806 Austrian Emperor Francis I acknowledged his brother Anton as Grand
Master of the Teutonic Order, confirming the provisions of the
Treaty of Pressburg, until such time as it would become an
hereditary dignity and also imposed some limitations on the
scope of the Treaty, to the detriment of the Order. The
sovereign status recognized in the Treaty of Pressburg was to
be attributed to whichever Prince of the House of Austria would
in future hold the title of Grand Master, but this would be a
limited sovereignty, subordinated to the "Headship of the
Imperial House of Austria."
12 Jul 1806 Formation of the Confederation of the Rhine cost the Order its
possession of several more commanderies granted to Baden, Bavaria
and Württemberg.
24 Apr 1809 Order is dissolved in German lands by Napoléon, but survives
in Austrian lands under Habsburg protection. Mergentheim is
annexed to annexed to Frankfurt (from 24 Apr 1810, Württemberg).
12 Dec 1810 Prussian secularization commission confiscates the lands of the
order in Prussia (only the possessions in Austria remain).
8 Mar 1834 Emperor of Austria returns to the Teutonic knights all the rights
enjoyed by the Treaty of Pressburg, abrogating the limitation on
those rights imposed by the Decree of 17 Feb 1806. The Order was
declared to be an "Autonomous, Religious and Military Institute"
under the protection of the Emperor, with an Archduke as
Hoch- und Deutschmeister (confirmed by imperial patent Jun 1840).
30 Jun 1923 The last Austrian Archduke resigns as hereditary Hoch- und
Deutschmeister of the Oder.
27 Nov 1929 Teutonic Order is reconstituted as a purely religious order by
the Pope. Fratres domus hospitalis sanctae Mariae Teutonicorum
in Jerusalem (Teutonic Order of Saint Marys Hospital in Jerusalem
- Deutscher Orden - German Order).
6 Sep 1938 - 1947 Order is dissolved in Austria by Germany.
Sep 1190 - 1191 Sibrand (Sibrandus) (b. c.1157 - d. 1191)
1191 - 1192 Konrad (b. c.1160 - d. 1202)
1192 - 1194 Gerhard
1194 - 1195 Heinrich
1195 - 1196 Ulrich
1196 - 5 Mar 1198 Heinrich Walpot von Bassenheim (b. 11.. - d. 1200)
Grand Masters¹
5 Mar 1198 - 5 Nov 1200 Heinrich I Walpot (s.a.)
1200 - 7 Feb 1208 Otto von Kerpen (d. 1208)
1209 - 2 Jun 1209 Heinrich II von Tunna, gen. Bart (b. 11.. - d. 1209)
Sep 1210 - 20 Mar 1239 Hermann von Salza (b. c.1179 - d. 1239)
(first mentioned as Hochmeister 15 Feb 1211)
1239 - 24 Jul 1240 Konrad I von Thüringen (b. 1206 - d. 1241)
24 Jul 1240 - 1244 Gerhard von Malberg (b. c.1200 - d. 1246)
7 Jul 1244 - 15 Jul 1249 Heinrich III von Hohenlohe (b. c.1200 - d. 1249)
1250 - 3 May 1252 Günther von Wüllersleben (b. c.1190 - d. 1252)
1253 - 1256 Poppo von Osterna (b. c.1200 - d. 1267)
1253 - 1253 Wilhelm von Urenbach (in opposition)
Jul 1256 - 8 Jul 1273 Anno von Sangerhausen (b. c.1210 - d. 1273)
1273 - 19 Aug 1283 Hartmann von Heldrungen (b. c.1210 - d. 1283)
1283 - 1290 Burkhard (Burchard) von Schwanden (b. c.1245 - d. 1310)
Oct 1291 - 5 Jul 1296 Konrad II von Feuchtwangen (b. c.1230 - d. 1296)
8 May 1297 - Sep 1303 Gottfried von Hohenlohe (b. c.1265 - d. 1309)
18 Oct 1303 - 5 Mar 1311 Siegfried von Feuchtwangen (d. c.1275 - d. 1311)
9 Oct 1311 - 12 Feb 1324 Karl Bessart aus Trier (b. c.1265 - d. 1324)
12 Feb 1324 - 18 Nov 1330 Werner von Orseln (b. c.1280 - d. 1330)
17 Feb 1331 - 18 Apr 1335 Luther von Braunschweig- (b. c.1275 - d. 1335)
3 May 1335 - 6 Oct 1341 Dietrich Burggraf von Altenburg (b. c.1280 - d. 1341)
6 Oct 1341 - 14 Sep 1345 Ludolf König von Wattzau (b. c.1290 - d. 1348)
(acting to 6 Jan 1342)
14 Sep 1345 - 14 Sep 1351 Heinrich IV Dusemer von Arsberg (b. c.1280 - d. 1353)
(acting to 13 Dec 1245)
14 Sep 1351 - 24 Jun 1382 Winrich von Kniprode (b. 1310 - d. 1382)
2 Oct 1382 - 20 Aug 1390 Konrad III Zöllner von Rotenstein (b. 1330 - d. 1390)
20 Aug 1390 - 25 Jul 1393 Konrad IV von Wallenrode (b. c.1330 - d. 1393)
(acting to 12 Mar 1391)
25 Jul 1393 - 30 Nov 1393 Wilhelm von Helfenstein (acting)
30 Nov 1393 - 30 Mar 1407 Konrad V von Jungingen (b. c.1355 - d. 1407)
30 Mar 1407 - 26 Jun 1407 Hermann von Gans (1st time)(acting)
26 Jun 1407 - 15 Jul 1410 Ulrich von Jungingen (b. c.1360 - d. 1410)
15 Jul 1410 - 9 Nov 1410 Hermann von Gans (2nd time)(acting)
9 Nov 1410 - 14 Oct 1413 Heinrich V Reuss Graf von Plauen (b. 1370 - d. 1429)
14 Oct 1413 - 9 Jan 1414 Friedrich Graf von Zollern (acting)
9 Jan 1414 - 10 Mar 1422 Michael Küchmeister von Sternberg (b. 1360/70 - d. 1423)
10 Mar 1422 - 2 Jan 1441 Paul Bellinzer von Rusdorf (b. c.1380 - d. 1441)
2 Jan 1441 - 16 Feb 1441 Gerlach Mertz (acting)
16 Feb 1441 - 7 Nov 1449 Konrad VI von Erlichshausen (b. c.1390 - d. 1449)
(acting to 12 Apr 1441)
7 Nov 1449 - 21 Mar 1450 Heinrich Zoller von Richtenberg (b. 1352 - d. 1459)
21 Mar 1450 - 4 Apr 1467 Ludwig von Erlichshausen (b. 1410 - d. 1467)
4 Apr 1467 - 2 Jan 1470 Heinrich VI Reuss Graf von Plauen (b. c.1400 - d. 1470)
(acting to 20 Oct 1469)
2 Jan 1470 - 20 Feb 1477 Heinrich VII Reffle von Richtenberg(b. c.1415 - d. 1477)
(acting to 29 Sep 1470)
20 Feb 1477 - 14 Apr 1477 Johann von Tiefen (1st time) (b. c.1440 - d. 1497)
14 Apr 1477 - 3 Jan 1489 Martin Truchsess von Wetzhausen (b. c.1435 - d. 1489)
5 Jan 1489 - 25 Aug 1497 Johann von Tiefen (2nd time) (s.a.)
(acting to 1 Sep 1489)
25 Aug 1497 - 29 Sep 1498 Wilhelm Graf von Isenburg (acting) (b. af.1460 - d. af.1535)
29 Sep 1498 - 14 Dec 1510 Friedrich Herzog von Sachsen- (b. 1473 - d. 1510)
May 1507 - 6 Jul 1511 College of Regents
- Simon von Drahe (Grosskomtur)
- Wilhelm Graf von Isenburg (b. af.1460 - af.1535)
(Oberster Marschall)
- Günther von Bünau, bischof (b. 1471 - d. 1518)
von Samland
- Hiob (Job) von Dobeneck, bischof (b. c.1450 - d. 1521)
von Pomesanien
6 Jul 1511 - 9 Apr 1525 Albrecht Markgraf von Brandenburg- (b. 1490 - d. 1568)
9 Apr 1525 - 4 Jun 1543 Walther von Cronberg (b. c.1477 - d. 1543)
14 Jun 1543 - 11 Feb 1566 Wolfgang Schutzbar, gen. von (b. 1483 - d. 1566)
Milchling
18 Feb 1566 - 17 Jun 1572 Georg Hund von Wenkheim (Wenckheim)(b. 1520 - d. 1572)
6 Aug 1572 - 12 Dec 1590 Heinrich VIII von Bobenhausen (b. c.1514 - d. 1595)
12 Dec 1590 - 2 Nov 1618 Maximilian Erzherzog von (b. 1558 - d. 1618)
(co-adjutor from 21 May 1585)
14 Jan 1619 - 28 Dec 1624 Erzherzog Karl I von Österreich (b. 1590 - d. 1624)
(co-adjutor from 12 Sep 1618)
19 Mar 1625 - 25 Oct 1627 Johann Eustach von Westernach (b. 1545 - d. 1627)
30 Dec 1627 - 21 Nov 1641 Johann Kaspar I Graf von Stadion (b. 1567 - d. 1641)
zu Freudenthal
4 May 1642 - 20 Nov 1662 Leopold Wilhelm Erzherzog von (b. 1614 - d. 1662)
(co-adjutor from 24 Aug 1639)
5 May 1662 - 27 Jan 1664 Karl Joseph Erzherzog von (b. 1649 - d. 1664)
Österreich (co-adjutor)
20 Mar 1664 - 9 Sep 1684 Johann Kaspar II von Ampringen, (b. 1619 - d. 1684)
Herzog von Freudenthal
15 Jan 1685 - 4 May 1694 Ludwig Anton Pfalzgraf bei Rhein (b. 1660 - d. 1694)
und Fürst zu Neuburg
(co-adjutor from 16 Dec 1679)
12 Jul 1694 - 18 Apr 1732 Ludwig Franz Pfalzgraf bei Rhein (b. 1664 - d. 1732)
und Fürst von Neuburg
17 Jul 1732 - 4 Feb 1761 Clemens August Herzog von Bayern (b. 1700 - d. 2761)
3 May 1761 - 4 Jul 1780 Karl Alexander Herzog von (b. 1712 - d. 1780)
3 Oct 1769 - 27 Jul 1801 Maximilian Franz Erzherzog von (b. 1756 - d. 1801)
(co-adjutor to 25 Oct 1780; from 1784
also Bishop of Münster & Bishop of Cologne)
27 Jul 1801 - 30 Jun 1804 Karl II Ludwig Johann Erzherzog (b. 1771 - d. 1847)
von Österreich
30 Jun 1804 - 2 Apr 1835 Anton Viktor Joseph Raymund (b. 1779 - d. 1835)
Erzherzog von Österreich
22 Apr 1835 - 1 Jun 1863 Maximilian Joseph Erzherzog von (b. 1782 - d. 1863)
Österreich-Este
2 Jun 1863 - 29 Jul 1894 Wilhelm Franz Karl Erzherzog (b. 1827 - d. 1894)
(acting to 25 Jun 1863)
30 Jul 1894 - 30 Jun 1923 Eugen Ferdinand Pius Bernhard (b. 1863 - d. 1954)
29 Jun 1923 - 9 Mar 1933 Norbert Johann Nepomuk Klein (b. 1866 - d. 1933)
(co-adjutor to 25 Jul 1923; from
11 Feb 1917 also Bishop of Brünn)
30 Apr 1933 - 25 Jan 1936 Paul Heider (acting to 31 May 1933)(b. 1868 - d. 1936)
29 Mar 1936 - 26 Jan 1948 Robert Johann Schälzky (b. 1882 - d. 1948)
10 May 1948 - 6 Oct 1970 Marian Joseph Tumler (b. 1887 - d. 1987)
6 Oct 1970 - 29 Aug 1988 Ildefons Pauler (b. 1903 - d. 1996)
29 Aug 1988 - 26 Aug 2000 Arnold Othmar Wieland (b. 1940)
26 Aug 2000 - 22 Aug 2018 Bruno Johann Platter (b. 1944)
22 Aug 2018 - Frank Bayard (b. 1971)
¹Full style
(a) 1216 - 9 Apr 1525: Magister Hospitalis Domus Sanctae Mariae Teutonicorum Hierosolymitani ("Master of the Hospital House of the Blessed Virgin Mary of the Germans of Jerusalem");
(b) 1530 - 24 Apr 1809: Hoch- und Deutschmeister des Deutschen Ordens in deutschen und wälschen Landen, Administratoren des Hochmeistertums in Preussen, Herrn zu Freudenthal und Eulenberg ("Grand and German Masters of the Teutonic Order in German and Welsh [=Italian or foreign] lands, Administrators of the Grand Masterdom in Prussia, Lords of Freudenthal and Eulenberg");
(c) 1809 - 1834: Administratoren des Hochmeisteramptes in Preussen, Meister teutschen Ordens in teutschen und wälschen Landen;
(d) from 1929: Hochmeister des Deutschen Ordens.
Sovereign and Military Order of the Knights of Malta (Knights of Malta): see SMOM entry
Protestant and Other Churches
Church of England Flag
Anglican Communion Flag
Adopted Apr 1991
28 Nov 1534 The Act of Supremacy makes King Henry VIII head of the
Church of England (Anglican Church).
15 Jan 1535 Henry VII assumes the style "Supreme Head and only
Protector of the Church and Clergy of England."
5 May 1554 - 8 May 1559 National restoration of Roman Catholic Church. Period of the
Counter-Reformation (the church is disestablished 16 Jan 1555).
14 Apr 1563 Thirty-Nine Articles of Religion of the Protestant Church of
England (finalized 1571).
9 Oct 1646 - 30 Jun 1660 The See is abolished during the Commonwealth and the Protectorate.
Supreme Heads of the Church of England
15 Jan 1535 - 16 Jan 1555 the Kings/Queens of England
16 Jan 1555 - 8 May 1559 Post abolished
Supreme Governors of the Church of England
8 May 1559 - 30 Jan 1649 the Kings/Queen of England
30 Jan 1649 - 30 Jun 1660 Post abolished
30 Jun 1660 - &nbbsp; the Kings/Queen of England/U.K.
Archbishops of Canterbury, Primates of All England
30 Mar 1533 - 13 Nov 1555 Thomas Cranmer (b. 1489 - d. 1556)
(imprisoned from 14 Sep 1553)
22 Mar 1556 - 17 Nov 1558 Reginald Cardinal Pole (b. 1500 - d. 1558)
(last Roman Catholic archbishop)
19 Dec 1559 - 17 May 1575 Matthew Parker (b. 1504 - d. 1575)
29 Dec 1575 - 6 Jul 1583 Edmund Grindal (b. c.1519 - d. 1583)
14 Aug 1583 - 29 Feb 1604 John Whitgift (b. c.1530 - d. 1604)
9 Oct 1604 - 2 Nov 1610 Richard Bancroft (b. 1544 - d. 1610)
4 Mar 1611 - 4 Aug 1633 George Abbot (b. 1562 - d. 1633)
6 Aug 1633 - 10 Jan 1645 William Laud (b. 1573 - d. 1645)
(imprisoned from 18 Dec 1640)
10 Jan 1645 - 9 Oct 1646 Vacant
9 Oct 1646 - 30 Jun 1660 Post abolished
25 Sep 1660 - 4 Jun 1663 William Juxon (b. 1582 - d. 1663)
7 Sep 1663 - 9 Nov 1677 Gilbert Sheldon (b. 1598 - d. 1677)
27 Jan 1678 - 1 Feb 1690 William Sancroft (b. 1617 - d. 1693)
31 May 1691 - 22 Nov 1694 John Tillotson (b. 1630 - d. 1694)
16 Jan 1695 - 14 Dec 1715 Thomas Tenison (b. 1636 - d. 1715)
16 Jan 1716 - 24 Jan 1737 William Wake (b. 1657 - d. 1737)
28 Feb 1737 - 10 Oct 1747 John Potter (b. 1674 - d. 1747)
24 Nov 1747 - 13 Mar 1757 Thomas Herring (b. 1693 - d. 1757)
29 Apr 1757 - 19 Mar 1758 Matthew Hutton (b. 1693 - d. 1758)
21 Apr 1758 - 3 Aug 1768 Thomas Secker (b. 1693 - d. 1768)
30 Sep 1768 - 19 Mar 1783 Frederick Cornwallis (b. 1713 - d. 1783)
26 Apr 1783 - 18 Jan 1805 John Moore (b. 1733 - d. 1805)
21 Feb 1805 - 21 Jul 1828 Charles Manners Sutton (b. 1755 - d. 1828)
15 Aug 1828 - 11 Feb 1848 William Howley (b. 1765 - d. 1848)
10 Mar 1848 - 6 Sep 1862 John Bird Sumner (b. 1780 - d. 1862)
26 Nov 1862 - 28 Oct 1868 Charles Thomas Longley (b. 1794 - d. 1868)
30 Dec 1868 - 1 Dec 1882 Archibald Campbell Tait (b. 1811 - d. 1882)
3 Mar 1883 - 11 Oct 1896 Edward White Benson (b. 1829 - d. 1896)
22 Dec 1896 - 22 Dec 1902 Frederick Temple (b. 1821 - d. 1902)
6 Feb 1903 - 12 Nov 1928 Randall Thomas Davidson (b. 1848 - d. 1930)
30 Nov 1928 - 31 Mar 1942 Cosmo Gordon Lang (b. 1864 - d. 1945)
17 Apr 1942 - 26 Oct 1944 William Temple (b. 1881 - d. 1944)
2 Feb 1945 - 31 May 1961 Geoffrey Francis Fisher (b. 1887 - d. 1972)
21 Jun 1961 - 15 Nov 1974 Arthur Michael Ramsey (b. 1904 - d. 1988)
5 Dec 1974 - 25 Jan 1980 Frederick Donald Coggan (b. 1909 - d. 2000)
25 Feb 1980 - 31 Jan 1991 Robert Alexander Kennedy Runcie (b. 1921 - d. 2000)
19 Apr 1991 - 31 Oct 2002 George Leonard Carey (b. 1935)
2 Dec 2002 - 31 Dec 2012 Rowan Douglas Williams (b. 1950)
4 Feb 2013 - Justin Portal Welby (b. 1956)
National Council of Churches of Christ in the U.S. (NCC)
NCC website Headquarters:
Washington, D.C. (U.S.)
(New York City 1950-2013)
Note: The Council's 37 member communions include Mainline Protestant, Orthodox, African American, Evangelical, Josephite, and historic peace churches in the United States.
29 Nov 1950 National Council of the Churches of Christ in the U.S.A.
is founded.
29 Nov 1950 - 2000 Church World Service (CWS) operates as NCC's overseas relief arm.
General Secretaries of the Council
1950 - 1954 Samuel McCrea Cavert (b. 1888 – d. 1976)
1954 - 1963 Roy G. Ross (b. 1898 - d. 1978)
1963 - 1973 Robert Hamilton Edwin Espy (b. 1908 – d. 1993)
1974 - 1984 Claire Randall (f) (b. 1916 - d. 2007)
1985 - Jul 1989 Arie R. Brouwer (b. 1935 - d. 1993)
Jul 1989 - Mar 1991 James A. Hamilton (acting)
1991 – 31 Dec 1999 Joan Brown Campbell (f) (b. 1931)
1 Jan 2000 - 1 Sep 2007 Robert "Bob" W. Edgar (b. 1943 - d. 2013)
1 Sep 2007 - 1 Jan 2008 Clare J. Chapman (f)(1st time)
1 Jan 2008 - 1 Jan 2012 Michael Kinnamon (b. 1949)
20 Jan 2012 - 21 May 2012 Clare J. Chapman (f)(2nd time)
21 May 2012 - 31 Dec 2013 Peg Birk (f)(transitional) (b. 1953)
General Secretaries and Presidents
1 Jan 2014 - 31 Jan 2022 James E. Winkler
1 Apr 2022 - Vashti Murphy McKenzie (f)(interim)(b. 1947)
Presidents of the Council
1950 - 1952 Henry Knox Sherrill (b. 1890 – d. 1980)
1952 - 1954 William C. Martin (b. 1893 – d. 1984)
1954 - 1957 Eugene Carson Blake (b. 1906 – d. 1985)
1957 - 1960 Edwin T. Dahlberg (b. 1890 – d. 1906)
1960 - 1963 J. Irwin Miller (b. 1909 - d. 2004)
1963 - 1966 Reuben H. Mueller (b. 1897 – d. 1982)
1966 - 1969 Arthur S. Flemming (b. 1905 – d. 1996)
1969 - 1972 Cynthia Clark Wedel (f) (b. 1908 – d. 1986)
7 Dec 1972 - 1975 William Sterling Cary (b. 1927 - d. 2005)
1975 - 1978 William P. Thompson (b. 1918 - d. 2006)
1979 - 1983 Moses William Howard, Jr. (b. 1946)
1982 - 1983 Arthur James Armstrong (b. 1924 - d. 2018)
1983 - 1987 Philip R. Cousin, Sr. (b. 1933)
1988 - 1989 Patricia Ann McClurg (f) (b. 1939 - d. 2019)
1 Jan 1990 – 31 Dec 1991 Leonid Kishkovsky (b. 1943 - d. 2021)
1 Jan 1992 – 31 Dec 1993 Syngman Rhee (b. 1931 - d. 2015)
1 Jan 1994 – 31 Dec 1995 Gordon L. Sommers (b. 1935?)
1 Jan 1996 – 31 Dec 1997 Melvin G. Talbert (b. 1934)
1 Jan 1998 – 31 Dec 1999 Craig Barry Anderson (b. 1942)
1 Jan 2000 – 31 Dec 2001 Andrew J. Young, Jr. (b. 1932)
1 Jan 2002 – 31 Dec 2003 Elenie K. Huszagh (f) (b. 1937 - d. 2014)
1 Jan 2004 – 31 Dec 2005 Thomas L. Hoyt, Jr. (b. 1941 - d. 2013)
1 Jan 2006 - 31 Dec 2007 Michael E. Livingston
1 Jan 2008 - 12 Nov 2009 Vicken Aykazian (b. 1951)
12 Nov 2009 - 31 Dec 2011 Peg Chemberlin (f)
1 Jan 2012 - 31 Dec 2013 Kathryn Mary Lohre (f) (b. 1974?)
Chairmen of the Governing Board
1 Jan 2014 - 17 Nov 2015 A. Roy Medley (b. 1948)
17 Nov 2015 - 10 Nov 2017 Sharon E. Watkins (f) (b. 1954)
10 Nov 2017 - Nov 2019 W. Darin Moore (b. 1960)
Nov 2019 - Nov 2021 John C. Dorhauer (b. 1947)
Nov 2021 - Teresa Jefferson-Snorton (f) (b. 1955)
Lutheran World Federation
1947 - 1952 Anders Nygren (Sweden) (b. 1890 - d. 1978)
1952 - 1957 Hanns Lilje (West Germany) (b. 1899 - d. 1977)
1957 - 10 Aug 1963 Franklin Clark Fry (U.S.) (b. 1900 - d. 1968)
10 Aug 1963 - 22 Jul 1970 Fredrik A. Schiotz (U.S.) (b. 1901 - d. 1989)
22 Jul 1970 - Jun 1977 Mikko E. Juva (Finland) (b. 1918 - d. 2004)
Jun 1977 - 1984 Josiah M. Kibira (Tanzania) (b. 1925 - d. 1988)
1984 - 17 May 1987 Zoltán Kaldy (Hungary) (b. 1919 - d. 1987)
1987 - 8 Feb 1990 Johannes Hanselmann (West Germany) (b. 1927 - d. 1999)
8 Feb 1990 - 16 Jul 1997 Gottfried Brakemeier (Brazil) (b. 1937)
16 Jul 1997 - 31 Jul 2003 Christian Krause (Germany) (b. 1940)
31 Jul 2003 - 24 Jul 2010 Mark S. Hanson (U.S.) (b. 1946)
24 Jul 2010 - 13 May 2017 Munib A. Younan (Palestine) (b. 1950)
13 May 2017 - Musa Panti Filibus (Nigeria) (b. 1960)
(United) Lutheran Church in America
1918 United Lutheran Church in America (UCLA) founded.
28 Jun 1962 United Lutheran Church in America merges with Augustana Evangelical
Lutheran Church, Finnish Evangelical Lutheran Church and American
Evangelical Lutheran Church to form Lutheran Church in America.
1 Jan 1988 Merged into Evangelical Lutheran Church in America.
1918 - Oct 1944 Frederick H. Knubel (b. 1870 - d. 1945)
Oct 1944 - 31 May 1968 Franklin Clark Fry (b. 1900 - d. 1968)
1968 - 1978 Robert J. Marshall (b. 1918 - d. 2008)
1978 - 1980 James R. Crumley, Jr. (b. 1925 - d. 2015)
1980 - 1988 James R. Crumley, Jr. (s.a.)
United Evangelical Lutheran Church
1 Oct 1896 United Danish Evangelical Lutheran Church founded.
1946 Renamed United Evangelical Lutheran Church.
1960 Merged with other Lutheran groups to form American Lutheran Church.
1896 - 1921 Gottlieb Bender Christiansen (b. 1851 - d. 1929)
1921 - 1925 Matthias N. Andreasen (b. 1871 - d. 19..)
1925 - 1950 Niels C. Carlsen (b. 1884 - d. 1950)
1950 - 1956 Hans C. Jersild (b. 1896 - d. 1969)
1956 - 1960 William Larsen (b. 1909 - d. 1971)
1917 Norwegian Lutheran Church of America (NLCA).
1946 Renamed Evangelical Lutheran Church (ELC).
1960 Merges into the American Lutheran Church.
1917 - 1925 Hans Gerhard Stub (b. 1849 - d. 1931)
1925 - 1954 Johan Arnd Aasgaard (b. 1876 - d. 1966)
1954 - 1960 Fredrik A. Schiotz (b. 1901 - d. 1989)
Lutheran Free Church
1893 Friends of Augsburg
Jun 1897 Lutheran Free Church established.
1 Feb 1963 Merges into the American Lutheran Church (ALC).
1893 - 1894 Christian Tollefsen Saugstad (b. 1838 - d. 1897)
1894 - 1897 Georg Sverdrup (b. 1848 - d. 1907)
1897 - 1899 Elias Peter Harbo (1st time) (b. 1856 - d. 1927)
1899 - 1901 Endre Eriksen Gynild (1st time) (b. 1859 - d. 1902)
1901 - 1903 Elias Peter Harbo (2nd time) (s.a.)
1903 - 1905 Christopher Knudsen Ytrehus (b. 1856 - d. 1946)
1905 - 1907 Endre Eriksen Gynild (2nd time) (s.a.)
1907 - 1909 Elias Peter Harbo (3rd time) (s.a.)
1909 - 1910 Endre Eriksen Gynild (3rd time) (s.a.)
1910 - 1912 Paul Winter
1912 - 1914 Endre Eriksen Gynild (4th time) (s.a.)
1914 - 1916 Johan Mattson (1st time) (b. 1867 - d. 1954)
1918 - 1920 Johan Mattson (2nd time) (s.a.)
1920 - 1923 Olai H. Sletten (b. 1878 - d. 1946)
1928 - 1930 Hans Jorgensen Urdahl (b. 1870 - d. 19..)
1930 - 1958 Thorvald O. Burntvedt (b. 1888 - d. 1960)
1958 - 1963 John M. Stensvaag (b. 1911 - d. 1987)
(Old) American Lutheran Church
1930 (Old) American Lutheran Church formed by merger of German Iowa
Synod, Buffalo Synod and Joint Synod of Ohio.
1960 Three Lutheran groups merge to form the American Lutheran Church
(ALC).
1930 - 1937 Carl Christian Hein (b. 1868 - d. 1937)
1937 - 1950 Emmanuel Frederick Poppen (b. 1874 - d. 1961)
1951 - 1960 Henry F. Schuh (b. 1890 - d. 1965)
American Lutheran Church
1 Jan 1988 Merged into the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America.
1960 - 31 Dec 1970 Fredrik A. Schiotz (s.a.)
1 Jan 1971 - 12 Mar 1973 Kent Sigvart Knutson (b. 1924 - d. 1973)
1973 - 31 Dec 1987 David Walter Preus (b. 1922 - d. 2021)
Association of Free Lutheran Congregations (AFLC)
Oct 1962 Lutheran Free Church-Not Merged splits from the
Lutheran Free Church.
1 Feb 1963 Renamed Association of Free Lutheran Congregations (AFLC).
1962 - 1978 John P. Strand (b. 1916 - d. 1997)
1978 - 1992 Richard Snipstead (b. 1928 - d. 1998)
1992 - 2007 Robert L. Lee (b. 1943)
1 Oct 2007 - 2013 Elden K. Nelson (b. 1937)
1 Oct 2013 - 2022 Lyndon C. Korhonen (b. 1951)
3 Oct 2022 - Micah Hjermstad (b. 1982)
1 Jan 1988 Lutheran Church in America, American Lutheran Church and Association
of Evangelical Lutheran Churches merge to form the
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America.
Presiding Bishops
1 Jan 1988 - 31 Oct 1995 Herbert W. Chilstrom (b. 1931 - d. 2020)
1 Nov 1995 - 31 Oct 2001 H. George Anderson (b. 1932)
1 Nov 2001 - 31 Oct 2013 Mark S. Hanson (b. 1946)
1 Nov 2013 - Elizabeth A. Eaton (f) (b. 1955)
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod
1847 German Evangelical Lutheran Synod of Missouri, Ohio and Other States
1947 Renamed The Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod.
1847 - 1850 Carl Ferdinand Wilhelm Walther (b. 1811 - d. 1887)
1850 - 1864 Friedrich Conrad Dietrich Wyneken (b. 1810 - d. 1876)
1864 - 1878 Carl Ferdinand Wilhelm Walther (s.a.)
1878 - 1899 Heinrich Christian Schwan (b. 1819 - d. 1905)
1899 - 1911 Franz August Otto Pieper (b. 1852 - d. 1931)
1911 - 1935 Friedrich Pfotenhauer (b. 1859 - d. 1939)
1935 - 1962 John William Behnken (b. 1884 - d. 1968)
1962 - 1969 Oliver Raymond Harms (b. 1901 - d. 1980)
1969 - 1981 Jacob Aall Otteson Preus II (b. 1920 - d. 1994)
1981 - 1992 Ralph Arthur Bohlmann (b. 1932 - d. 2016)
11 Jul 1992 - 23 Mar 2001 Alvin L. Barry (b. 1931 - d. 2001)
23 Mar 2001 - 8 Sep 2001 Robert T. Kuhn (b. 1937)
8 Sep 2001 - 11 Sep 2010 Gerald B. Kieschnick (b. 1943)
11 Sep 2010 - Matthew C. Harrison (b. 1962)
Association of Evangelical Lutheran Churches (AELC)
1976 Dissident congregations withdraw from Lutheran Church-Missouri
Synod to form Association of Evangelical Lutheran Churches.
Presidents (later Presiding Bishops)
1976 - 1984 William H. Kohn (b. 1915 - d. 1992)
1984 - 31 Dec 1987 Will L. Herzfeld (b. 1937 - d. 2002)
Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod (WELS)
8 Dec 1849 - 1860 Johannes Muehlhaeuser (Mühlhäuser) (b. 1803 - d. 1867)
1860 - 1864 Johann Bading (1st time) (b. 1824 - d. 1913)
1864 - 4 Jun 1865 Gottlieb Rein (b. 1828 - d. 1882)
4 Jun 1865 - 1867 Wilhelm Streissguth (b. 1827 - d. 1915)
1867 - 1887 Johann Bading (2nd time) (s.a.)
1887 - 22 Dec 1908 Phillip Andreas von Rohr (b. 1843 - d. 1908)
Dec 1908 - 1933 Gustave Ernst Bergemann (b. 1862 - d. 1954)
1933 - 1953 John Brenner (b. 1874 - d. 1962)
1953 - 19 Jun 1979 Oscar John Naumann (b. 1909 - d. 1979)
19 Jun 1979 - 1993 Carl H. Mischke (acting to 19..) (b. 1922 - d. 2013)
1993 - 2007 Karl R. Gurgel (b. 1941?)
2007 - Mark G. Schroeder (b. 1954?)
Swedish Church
Archbishops of Uppsala and Primates of Sweden
8 Sep 1681 - 29 Jun 1700 Olaus (Olav) Swebilius (b. 1624 - d. 1700)
29 Sep 1700 - 17 Feb 1709 Eric Benzelius (b. 1632 - d. 1709)
17 Feb 1709 - 21 Apr 1711 Vacant
21 Apr 1711 - 17 Apr 1714 Haquin Spegel (b. 1645 - d. 1714)
4 Dec 1714 - 2 Aug 1730 Matthias Steuchius (b. 1644 - d. 1730)
20 Nov 1730 - 21 Jun 1742 Johannes Steuchius (b. 1676 - d. 1742)
20 Sep 1742 - 23 Sep 1743 Eric Benzelius d.y. (b. 1675 - d. 1743)
20 Mar 1744 - 19 Jun 1747 Jacob Benzelius (b. 1683 - d. 1747)
16 Sep 1747 - 20 May 1758 Henric Benzelius (b. 1689 - d. 1758)
8 Nov 1758 - 18 Jan 1764 Samuel Troilius (b. 1706 - d. 1764)
26 Jun 1764 - 18 May 1775 Magnus Olai Beronius (b. 1692 - d. 1775)
31 Aug 1775 - 22 May 1786 Carl Fredrik Mennander (b. 1712 - d. 1786)
30 Aug 1786 - 27 Jul 1803 Uno von Troil (b. 1746 - d. 1803)
27 Jul 1803 - 1 Mar 1805 Vacant
1 Mar 1805 - 15 Feb 1819 Jacob Axelsson Lindblom (b. 1746 - d. 1819)
28 May 1819 - 2 Dec 1836 Carl von Rosenstein (b. 1766 - d. 1836)
17 Mar 1837 - 30 Jun 1839 Johan Olof Wallin (b. 1779 - d. 1839)
28 Sep 1839 - 19 Sep 1851 Carl Fredrik af Wingård (b. 1781 - d. 1851)
17 Jan 1852 - 27 Aug 1855 Hans Olof Holmström (b. 1784 - d. 1855)
31 Jan 1856 - 28 Jun 1870 Henrik Reuterdahl (b. 1795 - d. 1870)
11 Nov 1870 - 2 Feb 1900 Anton Niklas Sundberg (b. 1818 - d. 1900)
29 Jun 1900 - 30 Nov 1913 Johan August Ekman (b. 1845 - d. 1913)
20 May 1914 - 12 Jul 1931 Nathan Söderblom (b. 1866 - d. 1931)
18 Dec 1931 - 30 Apr 1950 Erling Eidem (b. 1880 - d. 1972)
1 May 1950 - 30 Sep 1958 Yngve Brilioth (b. 1891 - d. 1959)
1 Oct 1958 - 30 Sep 1967 Gunnar Hultgren (b. 1902 - d. 1991)
1 Oct 1967 - 19 Mar 1972 Ruben Josefson (b. 1907 - d. 1972)
1 Oct 1972 - 30 Jun 1983 Olof Sundby (b. 1917 - d. 1996)
1 Jul 1983 - 31 Mar 1993 Bertil Werkström (b. 1928 - d. 2010)
1 Apr 1993 - 31 Jan 1997 Gunnar Weman (b. 1932)
1 Feb 1997 - 2 Sep 2006 Karl Gustav Hilding Hammar (b. 1943)
2 Sep 2006 - 14 Jun 2014 Anders Wejryd (b. 1948)
15 Jun 2014 - Antje Zöllner Jackelén (f) (b. 1955)
Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland
Bishops of Åbo (Turku)
4 Feb 1690 - 10 Apr 1718 Johannes Gezelius d.y. (nuorempi) (b. 1647 - d. 1718)
10 Apr 1718 - 16 Sep 1721 Vacant
16 Sep 1721 - 24 Mar 1728 Herman Witte (b. 1666 - d. 1728)
11 Dec 1728 - 2 Jul 1733 Lars Tammelin (b. 1669 - d. 1733)
18 Mar 1734 - 1746 Jonas Fahlenius (b. 1674 - d. 1748)
(fled to Sweden 1742-1743)
1742 - 1743 Johan Wallenius (b. 1698 - d. 1746)
(acting for Fahlenius)
1746 - 3 Mar 1749 Vacant
3 Mar 1749 - 25 Jul 1755 Johannes Browallius (b. 1707 - d. 1755)
25 Jul 1755 - 10 Feb 1757 Vacant
10 Feb 1757 - 31 Aug 1775 Carl Fredrik Mennander (b. 1712 - d. 1786)
Aug 1776 - 6 Mar 1788 Jakob Haartman (b. 1717 - d. 1788)
5 Jun 1788 - 26 Sep 1802 Jakob Gadolin (b. 1719 - d. 1802)
15 Feb 1803 - 7 Nov 1817 Jakob Tengström (b. 1755 - d. 1832)
Archbishops of Turku and Finland and Primates of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland
7 Nov 1817 - 26 Dec 1832 Jakob Tengström (s.a.)
1833 - 8 Jul 1847 Erik Gabriel Melartin (b. 1780 - d. 1847)
1850 - 19 Feb 1884 Edvard Bergenheim (b. 1798 - d. 1884)
1884 - 16 Oct 1898 Torsten Thure Renvall (b. 1817 - d. 1898)
1899 - 24 Jul 1930 Gustaf Johansson (b. 1844 - d. 1930)
1930 - 25 Oct 1934 Lauri Ingman (b. 1868 - d. 1934)
1935 - 9 Dec 1944 Erkki Kaila (b. 1867 - d. 1944)
1945 - 27 Mar 1951 Aleksi Lehtonen (b. 1891 - d. 1951)
1951 - 1964 Martti Ilmari Simojoki (Simelius) (b. 1893 - d. 1973)
1964 - 1978 Martti Simojoki (b. 1908 - d. 1999)
1978 - 1982 Mikko Einar Juva (b. 1918 - d. 2004)
1982 - 1 Dec 1998 John Vikström (b. 1931)
6 Jan 1999 - 6 Jun 2010 Jukka Paarma (b. 1942)
6 Jun 2010 - 1 Jun 2018 Kari Mäkinen (b. 1955)
1 Jun 2018 - Tapio Luoma (b. 1962)
Estonian Evangelical Lutheran Church
Evangelical Lutheran Church of Estonia
24 Oct 1949 Evangelical Lutheran Church of Estonia
(Eesti Evangeelne Luterlik Kirik) formed.
23 Oct 1949 - 12 Oct 1967 Jaan Kiivit (b. 1906 - d. 1971)
9 Jun 1968 - 5 Oct 1977 Alfred Tooming (b. 1907 - d. 1977)
31 Oct 1978 - 23 Oct 1986 Edgar Hark (b. 1908 - d. 1986)
15 Nov 1987 - 29 Jun 1994 Kuno Pajula (b. 1924 - d. 2012)
31 Oct 1994 - 2 Feb 2005 Jaan Kiivit, Jr. (b. 1940 - d. 2005)
2 Feb 2005 - 2 Feb 2015 Andres Põder (b. 1949)
2 Feb 2015 - Urmas Viilma (b. 1973)
12 Sep 1919 Estonian Evangelical Lutheran Church
(Eesti Evangeeliumi Luteriusu Kirik) formed.
13 Nov 2010 United with the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Estonia.
12 Sep 1919 - 25 Jul 1933 Jakob Kukk (acting to 5 Jun 1921) (b. 1870 - d. 1933)
25 Jul 1933 - 16 Sep 1934 Alexander Kapp (acting) (b. 1874 - d. 1940)
16 Sep 1934 - 14 Sep 1939 Hugo Bernhard Rahamägi (b. 1886 - d. 1941)
14 Sep 1939 - 18 Dec 1939 Jaak Varik (guardian) (b. 1881 - d. 1941)
18 Dec 1939 - 30 Jan 1957 Johan Kõpp (b. 1874 - d. 1970)
(never consecrated, but assumes church
administration after election;
from 20 Sep 1944 in exile)
20 Sep 1944 - 26 Nov 1944 Anton Eilart (b. 1892 - d. 1972)
(acting in Estonia for exiled Kõpp)
30 Jan 1957 - 1964 Johan Kõpp (s.a.)
26 May 1964 - 31 Dec 1971 Johannes Oskar Lauri (b. 1891 - d. 1974)
18 Jun 1972 - 1990 Konrad Veem (b. 1914 - d. 1996)
15 Sep 1990 - 14 May 2006 Udo Petersoo (b. 1934 - d. 2006)
29/30 May 2006-10 Jun 2007 Thomas Vaga (acting) (b. 1938)
10 Jun 2007 - 13 Nov 2010 Andres Taul (in Toronto, Canada) (b. 1936 - d. 2018)
Estonian Evangelical Lutheran Congregations League
14 May 2011 Estonian Evangelical Lutheran Congregations League formed by those
congregations in North America which did not join Evangelical
Lutheran Church of Estonia.
14 May 2011 - Thomas Vaga (s.a.)
Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter-day Saints
6 Apr 1830 Joseph Smith founds the (Mormon) Church of Jesus Christ.
Jun 1852 Reorganized as Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter-day Saints.
First Elder
6 Apr 1830 - 25 Jan 1832 Joseph Smith, Jr. (b. 1805 - d. 1844)
25 Jan 1832 - 27 Jun 1844 Joseph Smith, Jr. (s.a.)
President of the Quorum of the Twelve
27 Jun 1844 - 5 Dec 1847 Brigham Young (b. 1801 - d. 1877)
5 Dec 1847 - 29 Aug 1877 Brigham Young (s.a.)
8 Oct 1880 - 25 Jul 1887 John Taylor (b. 1808 - d. 1887)
9 Apr 1889 - 2 Sep 1898 Wilford Woodruff (b. 1807 - d. 1898)
13 Sep 1898 - 10 Oct 1901 Lorenzo Snow (b. 1814 - d. 1901)
17 Oct 1901 - 19 Nov 1918 Joseph Fielding Smith (b. 1838 - d. 1918)
23 Nov 1918 - 14 May 1945 Heber J. Grant (b. 1856 - d. 1945)
21 May 1945 - 4 Apr 1951 George Albert Smith (b. 1870 - d. 1951)
9 Apr 1951 - 18 Jan 1970 David O. McKay (b. 1873 - d. 1970)
23 Jan 1970 - 2 Jul 1972 Joseph Fielding Smith, Jr. (b. 1876 - d. 1972)
7 Jul 1972 - 26 Dec 1973 Harold B. Lee (b. 1889 - d. 1973)
30 Dec 1973 - 5 Nov 1985 Spencer W. Kimball (b. 1895 - d. 1985)
10 Nov 1985 - 30 May 1994 Ezra Taft Benson (b. 1899 - d. 1994)
4 Jun 1994 - 3 Mar 1995 Howard W. Hunter (b. 1907 - d. 1995)
12 Mar 1995 - 27 Jan 2008 Gordon B. Hinckley (b. 1910 - d. 2008)
4 Feb 2008 - 2 Jan 2018 Thomas S. Monson (b. 1927 - d. 2018)
14 Jan 2018 - Russell M. Nelson (b. 1924)
Community of Christ
6 Apr 1860 Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
6 Apr 2001 Renamed Community of Christ.
Prophet-Presidents
6 Apr 1860 - 10 Dec 1914 Joseph Smith III (b. 1832 - d. 1914)
5 May 1915 - 20 Mar 1946 Frederick Madison Smith (b. 1874 - d. 1946)
6 Apr 1946 - 14 Jun 1958 Israel Alexander Smith (b. 1876 - d. 1958)
6 Oct 1958 - 3 Apr 1978 William Wallace Smith (b. 1900 - d. 1989)
5 Apr 1978 - 15 Apr 1996 Wallace Bunnell Anthony Smith (b. 1929)
15 Apr 1996 - 1 Dec 2004 William Grant McMurray (b. 1947)
3 Jun 2005 - Stephen Mark Veazey (b. 1957)
Czechoslovak Hussite Church
8 Jan 1920 Split from Roman Catholic Church.
31 Aug 1924 Split between orthodox minority led by Gorazd and the Hussite
majority; Czechoslovak Church (Církev Československá).
Mar 1939 - 1945 Church is abolished in Slovakia (and Ruthenia).
22 Apr 1940 - 19 Sep 1945 Under German occupation renamed the Czech-Moravian Church
(Církev Českomoravská).
17 Oct 1971 Renamed Czechoslovak Hussite Church (Církev Československá
Husitská)(CCSH).
25 Sep 1921 - 21 Jul 1924 Matĕj Pavlík (= Gorazd II) (b. 1879 - d. 1942)
29 Aug 1924 - 12 Jun 1927 Karel Farský (b. 1880 - d. 1927)
18 Mar 1928 - 9 Feb 1942 Gustav Adolf Procházka (b. 1872 - d. 1942)
13 Feb 1942 - 1945 Ferdinand Stibor (administrator) (b. 1869 - d. 1956)
14 May 1945 - 1946 Miroslav Novák (1st time) (b. 1907 - d. 2000)
(chairman of Central National Administration)
29 Jun 1946 - 29 Oct 1961 František Kovář (b. 1888 - d. 1969)
29 Oct 1961 - 15 May 1990 Miroslav Novák (2nd time) (s.a.)
May 1990 - 1990 Jaromír Tuček (administrator) (b. 1933 - d. 2011)
1990 - 16 Mar 1991 Vlastimil Zítek (administrator) (b. 1920 - d. 2005)
16 Mar 1991 - 28 Aug 1994 Vratislav Štĕpánek (b. 1930 - d. 2013)
28 Aug 1994 - 28 Sep 2001 Josef Špak (b. 1929 - d. 2016)
28 Sep 2001 - 25 Jun 2005 Jan Schwarz (b. 1958)
(suspended from 14 May 2005)
25 Jun 2005 - 28 Sep 2006 Štĕpán Klásek (administrator) (b. 1957)
28 Sep 2006 - Tomáš Butta (b. 1958)
(administrator 29 Sep 2020 - 6 Jul 2021)
1872 International Bible Students Association.
16 Feb 1881 Zion's Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society formed.
15 Dec 1884 Zion's Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society (incorporated).
22 Sep 1896 Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society.
8 Jul 1931 Jehovah's Witnesses.
1872 - 31 Oct 1916 Charles Taze Russell (b. 1852 - d. 1916)
16 Feb 1881 - 15 Dec 1884 William Henry Conley (b. 1840 - d. 1897)
(president of Zion's Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society)
6 Jan 1917 - 8 Jan 1942 Joseph Franklin Rutherford (b. 1869 - d. 1942)
13 Jan 1942 - 8 Jun 1977 Nathan Homer Knorr (b. 1905 - d. 1977)
22 Jun 1977 - 22 Dec 1992 Frederick William Franz (b. 1893 - d. 1992)
30 Dec 1992 - 7 Oct 2000 Milton George Henschel (b. 1920 - d. 2003)
7 Oct 2000 - 2014 Don Alden Adams (b. 1925 - d. 2019)
2014 - Robert Louis Ciranko (b. 1947)
Seventh-day Adventists
Aug 1831 William Miller (b. 1782 - d. 1849) leads movement
advocating seconding coming (or advent) of Christ
by 1844. Movement is called "Millerism."
22 Oct 1844 The "Great Disappointment", date predicated by Miller
for the second coming of Christ passes.
Sep 1860 Name Seventh-day Adventist selected.
3 May 1861 Seventh-day Adventist publishing association was
officially formed.
21 May 1863 Seventh-day Adventist Church formed.
18 Mar 1884 The Church of God (Seventh-day) splinter group formed.
Presidents of the General Conference
20 May 1863 - 17 May 1865 John Byington (b. 1798 - d. 1887)
17 May 1865 - 14 May 1867 James White (1st time) (b. 1821 - d. 1881)
14 May 1867 - 18 May 1869 John Nevins Andrews (b. 1829 - d. 1883)
18 May 1869 - 29 Dec 1871 James White (2nd time) (s.a.)
29 Dec 1871 - 10 Aug 1874 George I. Butler (1st time) (b. 1834 - d. 1918)
10 Aug 1874 - 6 Oct 1880 James White (3rd time) (s.a.)
6 Oct 1880 - 17 Oct 1888 George I. Butler (2nd time) (s.a.)
17 Oct 1888 - 19 Feb 1897 Ole A. Olsen (b. 1845 - d. 1915)
19 Feb 1897 - 2 Apr 1901 George A. Irwin (b. 1844 - d. 1913)
2 Apr 1901 - 11 May 1922 Arthur G. Daniells (b. 1858 - d. 1935)
11 May 1922 - 28 May 1930 William A. Spicer (b. 1865 - d. 1952)
28 May 1930 - 26 May 1936 Charles H. Watson (b. 1877 - d. 1962)
26 May 1936 - 10 Jul 1950 J. Lamar McElhany (b. 1880 - d. 1959)
10 Jul 1950 - 24 May 1954 William H. Branson (b. 1887 - d. 1961)
24 May 1954 - 16 Jun 1966 Reuben R. Figuhr (b. 1896 - d. 1983)
16 Jun 1966 - 3 Jan 1979 Robert H. Pierson (b. 1911 - d. 1989)
3 Jan 1979 - 5 Jul 1990 Neal C. Wilson (b. 1920 - d. 2010)
5 Jul 1990 - 1 Mar 1999 Robert S. Folkenberg (b. 1941 - d. 2015)
1 Mar 1999 - 25 Jun 2010 Jan Paulsen (b. 1935)
25 Jun 2010 - Ted N.C. Wilson (b. 1950)
5 Jul 1865 Salvation Army founded.
Generals of the Salvation Army
2 Jul 1865 - 1912 William Booth (b. 1829 - d. 1912)
1912 - 9 Jan 1929 Bramwell Booth (b. 1856 - d. 1929)
13 Feb 1929 - 1934 Edward Higgins (b. 1882 - d. 1947)
1934 - 1939 Evangeline Booth (f) (b. 1865 - d. 1950)
1939 - 1946 George Carpenter (b. 1872 - d. 1948)
21 Jun 1946 - 1954 Albert Orsborn (b. 1886 - d. 1967)
1 Jul 1954 - 1963 Wilfred Kitching (b. 1893 - d. 1977)
23 Oct 1963 - 1969 Frederick Coutts (b. 1899 - d. 1986)
23 Jul 1969 - 5 Jul 1974 Erik Wickberg (b. 1904 - d. 1996)
6 Jul 1974 - 1977 Clarence Wiseman (b. 1907 - d. 1985)
5 Jul 1977 - 1981 Arnold Brown (b. 1913 - d. 2002)
1981 - 8 Jul 1986 Jarl Wahlström (b. 1918 - d. 1999)
9 Jul 1986 - 9 Jul 1993 Eva Burrows (f) (b. 1929 - d. 2015)
9 Jul 1993 - 18 May 1994 Bramwell Tillsley (b. 1931 - d. 2019)
23 Jul 1994 - 23 Jul 1999 Paul Alexander Rader (b. 1934)
23 Jul 1999 - 12 Nov 2002 John Gowans (b. 1934 - d. 2012)
13 Nov 2002 - 1 Apr 2006 John Alfred Larsson (b. 1938 - d. 2022)
2 Apr 2006 - 2 Apr 2011 Shaw Clifton (b. 1945)
2 Apr 2011 - 13 Jun 2013 Linda Bond (f) (b. 1946)
13 Jun 2013 - 3 Aug 2018 André Cox (acting to 3 Aug 2013) (b. 1954)
3 Aug 2018 - Brian Peddle (b. 1957)
Grace Communion International
Oct 1933 Radio Church of God founded.
5 Jan 1968 Renamed Worldwide Church of God.
3 Apr 2009 Renamed Grace Communion International.
Pastors-general
1933 - 16 Jan 1986 Herbert W. Armstrong (b. 1892 - d. 1986)
1986 - 23 Sep 1995 Joseph W. Tkach (b. 1927 - d. 1995)
23 Sep 1995 - 14 Oct 2018 Joseph Tkach, Jr. (b. 1951)
14 Oct 2018 - Greg Williams
Chief Apostles
6 Dec 1895 - 20 Jan 1905 Fritz Krebs (b. 1832 - d. 1905)
21 Jan 1905 - 20 Sep 1930 Hermann Niehaus (b. 1848 - d. 1932)
21 Sep 1930 - 6 Jul 1960 Johann Gottfried Bischoff (b. 1871 - d. 1960)
7 Jul 1960 - 15 Feb 1975 Walter Schmidt (b. 1891 - d. 1981)
15 Feb 1975 - 8 Nov 1978 Ernst Streckeisen (b. 1905 - d. 1978)
18 Nov 1978 - 3 Mar 1988 Hans Urwyler (b. 1925 - d. 1994)
3 Mar 1988 - 15 May 2005 Richard Fehr (b. 1939 - d. 2013)
15 May 2005 - 19 May 2013 Wilhelm Leber (b. 1947)
19 May 2013 - Jean-Luc Schneider (b. 1959)
General Chairmen
1914 Eudorus N. Bell (1st time) (b. 1866 - d. 1923)
1914 - 1915 Archibald P. Collins (b. 1861 - d. 1921)
1915 - 1920 John W. Welch (1st time) (b. 1859 - d. 1939)
1920 - 15 Jun 1923 Eudorus N. Bell (2nd time) (s.a.)
1923 - 1925 John W. Welch (2nd time) (s.a.)
1925 - 1927 William T. Gaston (b. 1886 - d. 1956)
General Superintendents
1927 - 1929 William T. Gaston (s.a.)
1929 - 1949 Ernest S. Williams (b. 1885 - d. 1981)
1949 - 8 Jul 1952 Wesley R. Steelberg (b. 1902 - d. 1952)
1952 - 1953 Gayle F. Lewis (b. 1898 - d. 1979)
1953 - 1959 Ralph M. Riggs (b. 1895 - d. 1971)
1959 - 1985 Thomas F. Zimmerman (b. 1912 - d. 1991)
1986 - 1993 G. Raymond Carlson (b. 1918 - d. 1999)
15 Nov 1993 - 8 Oct 2007 Thomas E. Trask (b. 1936)
8 Oct 2007 - 10 Oct 2017 George O. Wood (b. 1941 - d. 2022)
10 Oct 2017 - Doug E. Clay (b. 1962)
25 Jun 1957 United Church of Christ (UCC) formed by merger of Evangelical and
Reformed Church and the Congregational Christian Church.
25 Jun 1957 - 1961 James E. Wagner (b. 1873 - d. 1969)
+ Fred Hoskins (b. 1906 - d. 1966)
1961 - 1969 Ben M. Herbster (b. 1904 - d. 1984)
1969 - 25 Oct 1976 Robert V. Moss, Jr. (b. 1922 - d. 1976)
1976 - 1977 Joseph H. Evans (interim) (b. 1915 - d. 2008)
1977 - 1989 Avery D. Post (b. 1924 - d. 2020)
1989 - 1999 Paul H. Sherry (b. 1933)
1999 - 1 Jul 2000 John H. Thomas (b. 1950)
General Ministers and Presidents
1 Jul 2000 - Oct 2009 John H. Thomas (s.a.)
Oct 2009 - 31 Aug 2015 Geoffrey A. Black
1 Sep 2015 - John C. Dorhauer (b. 1947)
27 Jul 1914 Iglesia ni Cristo (Church of Christ) founded in
The Philippines.
Executive Ministers (Tagapamahalang Pangkalahatan)
27 Jul 1914 - 12 Apr 1963 Felix Ysagun Manalo (b. 1886 - d. 1963)
12 Apr 1963 - 31 Aug 2009 Eraño de Guzman Manalo (b. 1925 - d. 2009)
8 Sep 2009 - Eduardo Villanueva Manalo (b. 1955)
Orthodox Churches
Note: In the Orthodox Church there are 15 independent (autocephalous) church units, each with its own patriarch, archbishop, or metropolitan. In the traditional order of honor amongst the Orthodox churches (that is, the order through which their primates are mentioned in the liturgy when more than 3 metropolitans are present), they are: Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, Jerusalem, Russia, Serbia, Romania, Bulgaria, Georgia, Cyprus, Greece, Poland, Albania, Czech and Slovak Republics, and America. The Church of Constantinople and its patriarch have only a status of "first among equals", nothing more (this status means nothing more that he is the president of all Orthodox conferences), but he has no kind of power over other church units, he is the leader of only his own church unit, the Church of Constantinople.
Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople
Flag of Ecumenical Patriarchate
c.36 Church of Byzantium founded by the Apostle Andrew (St. Andrew).
11 May 330 Inauguration of Constantinople (foundation stone set 3 Nov 324).
6 Jul 1274 - 11 Dec 1282 Byzantine Emperor Mikhaíl VIII Palaiológos (Michael VIII
Palaeologus) and Patriarch Ioánnis XI Vékkos (John XI Bekkos)
attempted to enforce the Union of Lyons (union of Latin and
Eastern Orthodox Churches), which is rejected.
10 Mar 1924 Adopts the revised Julian calendar.
Archbishops of Constantinople, New Rome, and Ecumenical Patriarchs¹
Apr/May 1694 - 19 Aug 1702 Kallinikos II (3rd time)(Callinicus II) (b. c.1630 - d. 1702)
Aug 1702 - 25 Oct 1707 Gavriil III (Gabriel III) (b. 16.. - d. 1707)
31 Oct?1707 - 5 Nov?1707 Neophytos V (Neophytus V) (b. 16.. - d. 1711?)
5 Nov?1707 - Jun 1709 Kyprianos I (1st time)(Cyprian I) (b. 16.. - d. af.1720)
Jun 1709 Kyrillos IV (1st time)(Cyril IV (b. 16.. - d. 1728)
Jun 1709 - Dec 1711 Athanasios V (Athanasius V) (b. 16.. - d. af.1718)
15 Dec 1711 - Nov 1713 Kyrillos IV (2nd time) (s.a.)
Nov 1713 - 11 Mar 1714 Kyprianos I (2nd time) (s.a.)
11 Mar 1714 - 3 Apr 1716 Kosmas III (Cosmas III) (b. 16.. - d. 1736)
3/5 Apr 1716 - 30 Nov 1726 Ieremias III (1st time)(Jeremiah III) (b. 16.. - d. 1735)
12 Jan 1718 - 28 Jan 1718 Kyrillos of Proussa2 (b. 16.. - d. 1724)
(in opposition)
30 Nov 1726 (hours) Kallinikos III (Callinicus III) (b. 16.. - d. 1726)
1 Dec 1726 - Sep 1732 Paisios II (1st time)(Pasius II) (b. 16.. - d. 1756)
26 Sep 1732 - Mar/Apr 1733 Ieremias III (2nd time) (s.a.)
Mar/Apr 1733 - Oct 1734 Seraphim I (Seraphim I) (b. 16.. - d. 1734)
8 Oct 1734 - Aug/Sep 1740 Neophytos VI (1st time) (b. 16.. - d. 1747)
Aug/Sep 1740 -May/Jun 1743 Paisios II (2nd time) (s.a.)
May/Jun 1743 -Mar/Apr 1744 Neophytos VI (2nd time) (s.a.)
Mar/Apr 1744 - 9 Oct 1748 Paisios II (3rd time) (s.a.)
9 Oct 1748 - Jun 1751 Kyrillos V (1st time)(Cyril V of Nicea) (b. 17.. - d. 1775)
Jun 1751 - Sep 1752 Paisios II (4th time) (s.a.)
18 Sep 1752 - 27 Jan 1757 Kyrillos V (2nd time) (s.a.)
27 Jan 1757 - 2 Aug 1757 Kallinikos IV (Callinicus IV) (b. 1713 - d. 1792)
13 Aug 1757 - 6 Apr 1761 Seraphim II (Seraphim II) (d. 1779)
6 Apr 1761 - 4 Jun 1763 Ioannikios III (Joannicius III) (b. c.1700 - d. 1793)
4 Jun 1763 - 16 Nov 1768 Samouil I (1st time)(Samuel I) (b. c.1700 - d. 1775)
16 Nov 1768 - 22 Apr 1769 Meletios II (Meletius II) (b. c.1700 - d. af.1777)
(imprisoned from 18 Apr 1769, then exiled)
22 Apr 1769 - 27 Nov 1773 Theodosios II (Theodosius II) (b. 17.. - d. c.1785)
28 Nov 1773 - 4 Jan 1775 Samouil I (2nd time) (s.a.)
4 Jan 1775 - 19 Oct 1780 Sophronios II (Sophronius II) (b. 17.. - d. 1780)
19 Oct 1780 - 10 Jul 1785 Gavriil IV (Gabriel IV) (b. 17.. - d. 1785)
20/21 Jul 1785-11 May 1789 Prokopios I (Procopius I) (b. 1734 - d. 1812)
12 May 1789 - 12 Mar 1794 Neophytos VII (1st time)(Neophytus VII) (b. 17.. - d. af.1804)
14 Mar 1794 - 30 Apr 1797 Gerasimos III (Gerasimus III) (b. 17.. - d. c.1800)
30 Apr 1797 - 29 Dec 1798 Grigorios V (1st time)(St. Gregory V) (b. 1746 - d. 1821)
30 Dec 1798 - 29 Jun 1801 Neophytos VII (2nd time) (s.a.)
29 Jul 1801 - 4 Oct 1806 Kallinikos V (1st time) (Callinicus V) (b. 17.. - d. af.1809)
5 Oct 1806 - 22 Sep 1808 Grigorios V (2nd time) (s.a.)
22 Sep 1808 - 5 May 1809 Kallinikos V (2nd time) (s.a.)
5 May 1809 - 16 Mar 1813 Ieremias IV (Jeremiah IV) (b. 17.. - d. 1824)
16 Mar 1813 - 25 Dec 1818 Kyrillos VI (Cyril VI) (b. 1769/75 - d. 1821)
26 Dec 1818 - 22 Apr 1821 Grigorios V (3rd time) (s.a.)
22 Apr 1821 - 8 Aug 1822 Evgenios II (Eugenius II) (b. 1780? - d. 1822)
9 Aug 1822 - 21 Jul 1824 Anthimos III (Anthimus III) (b. 1762 - d. 1842)
21 Jul 1824 - 8 Oct 1826 Chrysanthos I (Chrysanthus I) (b. 1768 - d. 1834)
8 Oct 1826 - 17 Jul 1830 Agathangelos I (Agathangel I) (b. 1769 - d. 1832)
18 Jul 1830 - 30 Aug 1834 Konstantios I (Constantius I) (b. 1770 - d. 1859)
30 Aug 1834 - 8 Oct 1835 Konstantios II (Constantius II) (b. 1760? - d. 1859)
9 Oct 1835 - 3 Mar 1840 Grigorios VI (1st time)(Gregory VI) (b. 1798 - d. 1881)
3 Mar 1840 - 18 May 1841 Anthimos IV (1st time)(Anthimus IV) (b. 1785 - d. 1878)
18 May 1841 - 24 Jun 1842 Anthimos V (Anthimus V) (b. 1779 - d. 1842)
26 Jun 1842 - 30 Apr 1845 Germanos IV (1st time) (Germanus IV) (b. 1788 - d. 1853)
30 Apr 1845 - 10 Dec 1845 Meletios III (Meletius III) (b. 1772? - d. 1845)
16 Dec 1845 - 30 Oct 1848 Anthimos VI (1st time) (Anthimus VI) (b. 1782 - d. 1878)
30 Oct 1848 - 11 Nov 1852 Anthimos IV (2nd time) (s.a.)
13 Nov 1852 - 28 Sep 1853 Germanos IV (2nd time) (s.a.)
6 Oct 1853 - 3 Oct 1855 Anthimos VI (2nd time) (s.a.)
3 Oct 1855 - 13 Jul 1860 Kyrillos VII (Cyril VII) (b. 1775 - d. 1872)
19 Jul 1860 - 16 Oct 1860 Ioannikios of Nikaia (b. 1800? - d. 1879)
(Locum Tenens)
16 Oct 1860 - 21 Jul 1863 Ioakim II (1st time)(Joachim II) (b. 1802 - d. 1878)
23 Jul 1863 - 2 Oct 1863 Meletios of Raskopresreni (b. 1824 - d. 1895)
2 Oct 1863 - 16 Sep 1866 Sophronios III (Sophronius III) (b. 1798 - d. 1899)
17 Dec 1866 - 22 Feb 1867 Neophytos of Korytsa (b. c.1800 - d. 1874)
22 Feb 1867 - 22 Jun 1871 Grigorios VI (2nd time) (s.a.)
23 Jun 1871 - 17 Sep 1871 Dionysios of Didymotichon (b. 1820 - d. 1891)
(Locum Tenens)(later Dionysios V)
17 Sep 1871 - 12 Oct 1873 Anthimos VI (3rd time) (s.a.)
12 Oct 1873 - 5 Dec 1873 Seraphim of Arta (Locum Tenens) (b. c.1810 - d. 1894)
5 Dec 1873 - 16 Aug 1878 Ioakim II (2nd time) (s.a.)
19 Aug 1878 - 16 Oct 1878 Agathangelos of Ephesos (b. 1818 - d. 1893)
(1st time) (Locum Tenens)
16 Oct 1878 - 11 Apr 1884 Ioakim III (1st time)(Joachim III) (b. 1834 - d. 1912)
11 Apr 1884 - 13 Oct 1884 Agathangelos of Ephesos (s.a.)
(2nd time) (Locum Tenens)
13 Oct 1884 - 26 Nov 1886 Ioakim IV (Joachim IV) (b. 1837 - d. 1887)
28 Nov 1886 - 4 Feb 1887 Ioannis of Kaisaria (Locum Tenens) (b. 1834 - d. 1902)
4 Feb 1887 - 25 Aug 1891 Dionysios V (Dionysius V) (s.a.)
28 Aug 1891 - 8 Nov 1891 Dorotheos of Velegrades (b. 1841 - d. 1924)
8 Nov 1891 - 6 Nov 1894 Neophytos VIII (Neophytus VIII) (b. 1832 - d. 1909)
7 Nov 1894 - 1 Feb 1895 Nathanail of Prousa (1st time) (b. 1838 - d. 1910)
1 Feb 1895 - 10 Feb 1897 Anthimos VII (Anthimus VII) (b. 1827 - d. 1913)
10 Feb 1897 - 14 Apr 1897 Konstantinos of Ephesos (b. 1833 - d. 1914)
14 Apr 1897 - 9 Apr 1901 Konstantinos V (Constantine V) (s.a.)
12 Apr 1901 - 7 Jun 1901 Nathanail of Prousa (2nd time) (s.a.)
7 Jun 1901 - 26 Nov 1912 Ioakim III (2nd time) (s.a.)
3 Dec 1912 - 10 Feb 1913 Germanos of Amasia (Locum Tenens) (b. 1866 - d. 1935)
10 Feb 1913 - 25 Oct 1918 Germanos V (Germanus V) (b. 1835 - d. 1920)
25 Oct 1918 - 19 Mar 1921 Dorotheos of Prousa (Locum Tenens) (b. 1861 - d. 1921)
19 Mar 1921 - 8 Dec 1921 Nikolaos of Kaisaria (1st time) (b. 1862 - d. 1927)
8 Dec 1921 - 20 Sep 1923 Meletios IV (Meletius IV) (b. 1871 - d. 1935)
(in exile from 10 Jul 1923)
10 Jul 1923 - 2 Oct 1923 Nikolaos of Kaisaria (2nd time) (s.a.)
(Head of Synod)
2 Oct 1923 - 6 Dec 1923 Kallinikos of Kyzikos (1st time) (b. 1855 - d. 1934)
6 Dec 1923 - 17 Nov 1924 Grigorios VII (Gregory VII) (b. 1855 - d. 1924)
17 Nov 1924 - 24 Nov 1924 Kallinikos of Kyzikos (2nd time) (s.a.)
24 Nov 1924 - 17 Dec 1924 Vasilios of Nikaia (Head of Synod) (b. 1846 - d. 1929)
17 Dec 1924 - 22 May 1925 Konstantinos VI (Constantine VI) (b. 1860 - d. 1930)
(in exile from 30 Jan 1925)
22 May 1925 - 13 Jul 1925 Nikolaos of Kaisaria (3rd time) (s.a.)
13 Jul 1925 - 29 Sep 1929 Vasilios III (Basil III) (s.a.)
29 Sep 1929 - 7 Oct 1929 Kallinikos of Kyzikos (3rd time) (s.a.)
7 Oct 1929 - 29 Dec 1935 Photios II (Photius II) (b. 1874 - d. 1935)
29 Dec 1935 - 18 Jan 1936 Veniamin of Iraklia (b. 1871 - d. 1946)
18 Jan 1936 - 17 Feb 1946 Veniamin I (Benjamin I) (s.a.)
17 Feb 1946 - 20 Feb 1946 Maximos of Chalkidon (b. 1897 - d. 1972)
20 Feb 1946 - 18 Oct 1948 Maximos V (Maximus V) (s.a.)
18 Oct 1948 - 1 Nov 1948 Thomas of Chalkidon (b. 1889 - d. 1966)
1 Nov 1948 - 7 Jul 1972 Athinagoras I (Athenagoras I) (b. 1886 - d. 1972)
7 Jul 1972 - 16 Jul 1972 Meliton of Chalkidon (b. 1913 - d. 1989)
16 Jul 1972 - 2 Oct 1991 Dimitrios I (Demetrius I) (b. 1914 - d. 1991)
2 Oct 1991 - 22 Oct 1991 Vartholomaios of Chalkidon (b. 1940)
22 Oct 1991 - Vartholomaios I (Bartholomew I) (s.a.)
¹The Ecumenical Patriarch is also officially the "Spiritual Leader" of the "Autonomous Monastic State of Ayion Oros", (also styled "Athonian Republic"), that is, he is the Head of that Autonomous State, which itself is part of Greece.
2This is an interesting case. A faction who wanted to remove Ieremias from the throne
decided to support Kyrillos of Proussa for Patriarch, although he himself had no such aspirations. They paid good money to the Turkish officials who declared that Kyrillos
should take the place of Ieremias as Patriarch. Subsequently, Ieremias went into hiding.
Kyrillos, however, refused to take the place of Ieremias in the Patriarchal throne, and the situation became irregular. On 28 Jan the Turks, seeing that no one came to the throne,
let Ieremias continue as Patriarch.
Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria
c.43 Church of Alexandria founded by the Apostle Mark (St. Mark).
30 Sep 1928 Adopts the revised Julian calendar.
Popes and Patriarchs of Alexandria and All Africa
3 Nov 1688 - 31 Jan 1710 Gerasimos II (b. 16.. - d. 1714)
2 Feb 1710 - Jan/Feb 1712 Samouil I (1st time) (b. 1661 - d. 1723)
Jan/Feb 1712-Jan/Feb 1714 Kosmas II (1st time) (b. 16.. - d. 1736)
Jan/Feb 1714 - Sep 1723 Samouil I (2nd time) (s.a.)
23 Sep 1723 - 9 Dec 1736 Kosmas II (2nd time) (s.a.)
16 Mar 1737 - 14 Jun 1746 Kosmas III (b. 16.. - d. 1746)
29 Aug 1746 - 20 Jul 1766 Mattheos I (b. c.1700 - d. 1775)
23 Jul 1766 - 1 Jul 1783 Kyprianos I (b. 1723? - d. 1783)
1 Jul 1783 - 17 Aug 1788 Gerasimos III (b. 17.. - d. 1788)
24 Sep 1788 - 21 Sep 1805 Parthenios II (b. 1735 - d. 1805)
21 Nov 1805 - 26 Oct 1825 Theophilos III (b. 1764 - d. 1833)
10 Nov 1825 - 20 Sep 1845 Ierotheos I (b. 17.. - d. 1845)
9 Oct 1845 - 11 Feb 1847 Artemios I (b. 17.. - d. 1858)
2 May 1847 - 13 Jan 1858 Ierotheos II (b. 17.. - d. 1858)
7 Feb 1858 - 5 Jun 1861 Kallinikos I (b. 1800 - d. 1889)
6 Jun 1861 - 12 Jan 1866 Iakovos I (or II) (b. 1803 - d. 1866)
16 Jan 1866 - 17 Jan 1866 Chrysanthos of Pentapolis (b. 1815 - d. 1866)
17 Jan 1866 - 31 Mar 1869 Nikanor I (b. 1790 - d. 1870)
Dec 1866 - 22 Feb 1868 Evgenios Xiropotamitis (d. 1875)
(Locum Tenens)(in opposition)
31 Mar 1869 - 2 Apr 1869 Nilos of Pentapolis (Locum Tenens) (b. 1809 - d. 1887)
2 Apr 1869 - 28 Oct 1870 Nilos I (s.a.)
(in opposition after 11 Jun 1870)
11 Jun 1870 - 3 Sep 1899 Sophronios IV (b. 1798 - d. 1899)
3 Sep 1899 - 22 Jan 1900 Meletios Apostolopoulos (b. 1860 - d. 1919)
22 Jan 1900 - 4 Sep 1925 Photios I (b. 1853 - d. 1925)
4 Sep 1925 - 20 May 1929 Theophanis of Tripolis (1st time) (b. 1864 - d. 1954)
20 May 1926 - 28 Jul 1935 Meletios II (b. 1871 - d. 1935)
4 Aug 1935 - 11 Feb 1936 Theophanis of Tripolis (2nd time) (s.a.)
11 Feb 1936 - 3 Mar 1939 Nikolaos V (b. 1876 - d. 1939)
3 Mar 1939 - 21 Jun 1939 Theophanis of Tripolis (3rd time) (s.a.)
21 Jun 1939 - 16 Nov 1966 Christophoros II (b. 1876 - d. 1967)
16 Nov 1966 - 10 May 1968 Konstantinos of Leontopolis (b. 1887 - d. 1980)
10 May 1968 - 9 Jul 1986 Nikolaos VI (b. 1915 - d. 1986)
9 Jul 1986 - 27 Feb 1987 Varnavas of Pilousion (b. 1921 - d. 1993)
27 Feb 1987 - 23 Jul 1996 Parthenios III (b. 1919 - d. 1996)
23 Jul 1996 - 21 Feb 1997 Pavlos of Ioannoupolis (b. 1920 - d. 2013)
21 Feb 1997 - 11 Sep 2004 Petros VII (b. 1949 - d. 2004)
18 Sep 2004 - 9 Oct 2004 Petros of Axomi (Locum Tenens) (b. 1932 - d. 2020)
9 Oct 2004 - Theodoros II (b. 1954)
Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch
c.44 Church of Antioch founded by the Apostle Peter (St. Peter).
334 - 455 Arians control of the See of Antioch.
1099 - 1268 Latin Patriarchs of Antioch appointed.
Patriarchs of Antioch and All the East
1684 - 16 Feb 1720 Kyrillos VI (2nd time) (b. 1657 - d. 1720)
5 Jul 1686 - Oct/Nov 1694 Athanasios III (1st time) (b. 1647 - d. 1724)
16 Feb 1720 - 24 Jul 1724 Athanasios III (2nd time) (s.a.)
8 Oct 1724 - 24 Mar 1766 Silvestros I (d. 1766)
9 May 1766 - 16 Jul 1767 Philimon I (d. 1767)
17 Aug 1767 - 26 Dec 1791 Daniil I (b. 1736? - d. 1793)
26 Dec 1791 - 1 Aug 1813 Anthemios I (b. 17.. - d. 1813)
Aug 1813 - 3 Mar 1823 Seraphim I (b. 17.. - d. 1823)
25 May 1823 - 6 Jul 1850 Methodios I (b. 1771 - d. 1850)
19 Oct 1850 - 28 Mar 1885 Ierotheos I (b. 1800 - d. 1885)
28 Mar 1885 - 3 Jun 1885 Seraphim of Irinoupolis (1st time) (b. 1829 - d. 1906)
3 Jun 1885 - 24 Apr 1891 Gerasimos I (b. 1839 - d. 1897)
24 Apr 1891 - 14 Oct 1891 Seraphim of Irinoupolis (2nd time) (s.a.)
14 Oct 1891 - 12 Feb 1898 Spyridon I (b. 1839 - d. 1921)
7 Jan 1898 - 8 Mar 1899 Germanos of Tarsos (Locum Tenens) (b. c.1830 - d. 1911)
(in opposition to 12 Feb 1898)
24 May 1898 - 27 Apr 1899 Meletios of Laodikia (b. 1839 - d. 1906)
(in opposition to 8 Mar 1899)
27 Apr 1899 - 21 Feb 1906 Meletios II (s.a.)
21 Feb 1906 - 29 Jun 1906 Athanasios of Emessa (b. 1853 - d. 1924)
29 Jun 1906 - 12 Dec 1928 Grigorios IV (b. 1859 - d. 1928)
12 Dec 1928 - 9 Feb 1931¹ Arsenios of Laodikia (b. 1861 - d. 1933)
9 Feb 1931 - 15 Jan 1933 Arsenios II (s.a.)
12 Feb 1931 - 17 Jun 1958 Alexandros III (b. 1869 - d. 1958)
(in opposition to 15 Jan 1933)¹
17 Jun 1958 - 14 Nov 1958 Theodosios of Tripolis (b. 1886 - d. 1970)
14 Nov 1958 - 19 Sep 1970 Theodosios VI (s.a.)
19 Sep 1970 - 25 Sep 1970 Ilias of Aleppo (Locum Tenens) (b. 1914 - d. 1979)
25 Sep 1970 - 21 Jun 1979 Ilias IV (s.a.)
21 Jun 1979 - 2 Jul 1979 Ilias of Tripolis (Locum Tenens) (b. 1925 - d. 2009)
2 Jul 1979 - 5 Dec 2012 Ignatios IV (b. 1920 - d. 2012)
7 Dec 2012 - 17 Dec 2012 Saba of Bosra-Hauran and Jabal (b. 1959)
al-Arab (Locum Tenens)
17 Dec 2012 - Ioannis X² (b. 1955)
¹When Grigorios IV died in Dec 1928, the Holy Synod deadlocked, eventually splitting into two factions. The larger section elected Arsenios II (s.a.), the smaller one Alexandros III (s.a.). They reconciled briefly in 1931, the factions agreeing that both men would be considered valid patriarchs until one of them died. However, Arsenios died in 1933 and is now considered an anti-patriarch for that period. Another member of his faction, Epiphanios, was elected his successor as patriarch in 1935, but eventually resigned his title and rejoined the Holy Synod.
²The number X adopted by this patriarch appears to be based on a rather erroneous list showing the last holder of his name as IX. As the latter was patriarch in the 12th century, the facts are obscure; however, studies by Venance Grumel ("Les patriarches grecs d'Antioche du nom de Jean" [Echos d'Orient 1933] and "Jean ou Denys? Note sur un patriarche d'Antioche" [Revue des études byzantines 1951]) indicate that the correct number of the patriarch of 2012 would be VI or VII.
Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem
c.44 Church of Jerusalem founded by Apostle James (St. James).
Patriarchs of the Holy City of Jerusalem and All Palestine
2 Feb 1669 - 18 Feb 1707 Dositheos II (b. 1641 - d. 1707)
19 Feb 1707 - 18 Feb 1731 Chrysanthos I (b. 1663 - d. 1731)
Feb/Mar 1731-Mar/Apr 1737 Meletios I (b. 16.. - d. 17..)
Mar/Apr 1737 - 28 Oct 1766 Parthenios I (b. 1685 - d. 1770)
Dec 1766 - 26 Apr 1770 Ephraim II (d. 1770)
28 Apr 1770 - 4 Jan 1775 Sophronios V (b. 17.. - d. 1780)
Jun/Jul 1775 - 13 Nov 1787 Avramios I (b. 17.. - d. 1787)
13 Nov 1787 - 3 Nov 1788 Prokopios I (b. 17.. - d. 1788)
4 Nov 1788 - 22 Nov 1808 Anthimos I (b. 1717 - d. 1808)
22 Nov 1808 - 15 Jan 1827 Polykarpos I (b. 17.. - d. 1827)
27 Jan 1827 - 28 Dec 1844 Athanasios V (b. 1751 - d. 1844)
28 Mar 1845 - 19 Nov 1872 Kyrillos II (b. 1792 - d. 1877)
14 Dec 1872 - 28 Dec 1872 Prokopios of Gaza (Locum Tenens) (b. 1790 - d. 1880)
28 Dec 1872 - 10 Mar 1875 Prokopios II (s.a.)
10 Mar 1875 - 19 May 1875 Iosaph of Philadelphia (b. 1819 - d. 1886)
19 May 1875 - 23 Jun 1882 Ierotheos I (d. 1882)
23 Jun 1882 - 25 Oct 1882 Nikiphoros of Petra (1st time) (b. 1817 - d. 1909)
25 Oct 1882 - 3 Jan 1883 Photios I (not consecrated) (b. 1853 - d. 1925)
3 Jan 1883 - 16 Aug 1883 Nikiphoros of Petra (2nd time) (s.a.)
16 Aug 1883 - 11 Aug 1890 Nikodimos I (b. 1827 - d. 1910)
14 Aug 1890 - 11 Mar 1891 Nikiphoros of Petra (3rd time) (s.a.)
11 Mar 1891 - 21 Feb 1897 Gerasimos II (b. 1839 - d. 1897)
21 Feb 1897 - 22 Jul 1897 Damianos of Philadelphia (b. 1848 - d. 1931)
22 Jul 1897 - 26 Dec 1908 Damianos I (1st time) (s.a.)
26 Dec 1908 - 27 Dec 1908 Commission
- Meletios of Tiverias (b. 1838 - d. 1909)
- Meletios of Iordanis (b. 1851 - d. 1918)
- Nikodimos of Lydda (b. 1846 - d. 1932)
27 Dec 1908 - 23 Feb 1909 Meletios of Tiverias (s.a.)
23 Feb 1909 - 29 Feb 1909 Theophanis of Nazaret (b. 1857 - d. 1914)
29 Feb 1909 - 19 Sep 1918 Damianos I (2nd time) (s.a.)
(in exile from 19 Nov 1917)
19 Sep 1918 - 5 Jan 1919 Porphyrios of Sinai (Locum Tenens) (b. 1859 - d. 1926)
5 Jan 1919 - 14 Aug 1931 Damianos I (3rd time) (s.a.)
14 Aug 1931 - 1 Oct 1934 Keladion of Ptolemais (b. 1870 - d. 1944)
1 Oct 1934 - 22 Jul 1935 Meliton of Madava (Locum Tenens) (b. 1871 - d. 1943)
22 Jul 1935 - 31 Dec 1955 Timotheos I (b. 1878 - d. 1955)
1 Jan 1956 - 29 Jan 1957 Athinagoras of Sevastia (b. 1894 - d. 1966)
29 Jan 1957 - 11 Dec 1980 Venediktos I (b. 1892 - d. 1980)
11 Dec 1980 - 16 Feb 1981 Germanos of Petra (Locum Tenens) (b. 1920 - d. 1991)
16 Feb 1981 - 19 Dec 2000 Diodoros I (b. 1923 - d. 2000)
20 Dec 2000 - 13 Aug 2001 Kornilios of Petra (1st time) (b. 1936)
13 Aug 2001 - 24 May 2005 Irenaios I (b. 1939 - d. 2023)
6 May 2005 - 30 May 2005 Commission
(in opposition to 24 May 2005)
- Kornilios of Petra (s.a.)
- Vasilios of Kaisaria (b. 1923 - d. 2012)
- Isychios of Kapitolias (b. 1944)
30 May 2005 - 22 Aug 2005 Kornilios of Petra (2nd time) (s.a.)
22 Aug 2005 - Theophilos III (b. 1952)
Flag of Aleksy II 1990 - 2008
Flag of Kirill I from 2009
988 Metropolis of Kiev founded.
1318 See transferred to Moscow.
1448 Autocephaly
26 Jan 1589 See elevated to Patriarchate by Constantinople.
25 Feb 1721 Patriarchate abolished.¹
Patriarchs of Moscow and All Russia
3 Sep 1690 - 27 Oct 1700 Adrian I (b. 1637 - d. 1700)
27 Oct 1700 - 27 Dec 1701 Trifiliy of Krutitsiy (b. 16.. - d. 1702)
27 Dec 1701 - 8 Dec 1722 Stefan of Ryazan (b. 1658 - d. 1722)
(Locum Tenens; from 25 Feb 1721, Head of Synod)
Metropolitans of Moscow²
12 Sep 1742 - 21 Jun 1745 Iosif (d. 1745)
21 Jun 1745 - 25 Apr 1748 Platon of Krutitsy (Locum Tenens) (d. 1754)
25 Apr 1748 - 25 Jun 1754 Platon I (s.a.)
25 Jun 1754 - 2 Nov 1757 Ilarion of Krutitsiy (Locum Tenens)(b. 1696 - d. 1760)
2 Nov 1757 - 29 Apr 1767 Timofey (b. 1698 - d. 1767)
29 Apr 1767 - 29 Jan 1768 Amvrosy of Krutitsy (Locum Tenens) (b. 1708 - d. 1771)
29 Jan 1768 - 27 Sep 1771 Amvrosiy (b. 1708 - d. 1771)
27 Sep 1771 - 31 Jan 1775 Samuil of Krutitsiy (Locum Tenens) (b. 1731 - d. 1796)
31 Jan 1775 - 25 Jun 1811 Platon II (b. 1737 - d. 1812)
25 Jun 1811 - 3 Mar 1818 Avgustin of Dmitrov (Locum Tenens) (b. 1766 - d. 1819)
3 Mar 1818 - 15 Mar 1819 Avgustin (s.a.)
27 Mar 1819 - 1 Jul 1821 Serafim (b. 1763 - d. 1843)
15 Jul 1821 - 1 Dec 1867 Filaret (b. 1783 - d. 1867)
17 Jan 1868 - 12 Apr 1879 Innokentiy (b. 1797 - d. 1879)
12 Apr 1879 - 20 Apr 1879 Amvrosiy of Dmitrov (1st time) (b. 1820 - d. 1901)
20 Apr 1879 - 21 Jun 1882 Makariy I (b. 1816 - d. 1882)
21 Jun 1882 - 9 Jul 1882 Amvrosiy of Dmitrov (2nd time) (s.a.)
9 Jul 1882 - 29 Nov 1891 Ioannikiy (b. 1826 - d. 1900)
29 Nov 1891 - 13 Aug 1893 Leontiy (b. 1822 - d. 1893)
13 Aug 1893 - 21 Aug 1893 Aleksandr of Dmitrov (Locum Tenens)(b. 1839 - d. 1895)
21 Aug 1893 - 23 Feb 1898 Sergiy (b. 1820 - d. 1898)
5 Mar 1898 - 6 Dec 1912 Vladimir (b. 1848 - d. 1918)
8 Dec 1912 - 2 Apr 1917 Makariy II (b. 1835 - d. 1926)
2 Apr 1917 - 4 Jul 1917 Ioasaf of Dmitrov (Locum Tenens) (b. 1850 - d. 1920)
14 Aug 1917 - 21 Nov 1917 Tikhon (b. 1865 - d. 1925)
Metropolitans of St. Petersburg
12 Sep 1742 - 13 Feb 1745 Nikodim (b. 16.. - d. 1751)
21 Mar 1745 - 3 May 1750 Fyodosiy (b. 1696 - d. 1750)
6 May 1750 - 28 Apr 1761 Silvestr (b. 1701 - d. 1761)
26 Sep 1761 - 5 Aug 1762 Veniamin (b. 1706 - d. 1785)
5 Aug 1762 - 3 Oct 1770 Gavriil I (b. 1708 - d. 1783)
3 Oct 1770 - 27 Oct 1799 Gavriil II (b. 1730 - d. 1801)
27 Oct 1799 - 7 Apr 1818 Amvrosiy (b. 1742 - d. 1818)
7 Apr 1818 - 5 Apr 1821 Mikhail (b. 1761 - d. 1821)
1 Jul 1821 - 29 Jan 1843 Serafim (b. 1763 - d. 1843)
29 Jan 1843 - 28 Nov 1848 Antoniy (b. 1789 - d. 1848)
2 Dec 1848 - 29 Sep 1856 Nikanor (b. 1787 - d. 1856)
13 Oct 1856 - 29 Jun 1860 Grigoriy (b. 1784 - d. 1860)
13 Jul 1860 - 19 Sep 1892 Isidor (b. 1799 - d. 1892)
30 Oct 1892 - 17 Dec 1898 Palladiy (b. 1827 - d. 1898)
6 Jan 1899 - 15 Nov 1912 Antoniy (b. 1846 - d. 1912)
6 Dec 1912 - 6 Dec 1915 Vladimir (b. 1848 - d. 1918)
6 Dec 1915 - 19 Mar 1917 Pitirim (b. 1858 - d. 1919)
30 May 1722 - 10 Nov 1917 see Orthodox Church of Ukraine
Patriarchs of Moscow and All Russia (Patriarkh Moskovskiy i vseya Rusi)
21 Nov 1917 - 7 Apr 1925 Tikhon I (s.a.)
(imprisoned 5 May 1922 - 25 Jun 1923)
12 May 1922 - 18 Jun 1922 Agafangel of Yaroslavl (b. 1854 - d. 1928)
(Locum Tenens)(imprisoned 28 Jun 1922)
12 Apr 1925 - 10 Oct 1937 Pyotr of Krutitsiy (b. 1862 - d. 1937)
(Locum Tenens)(imprisoned)
14 Dec 1925 - 8 Dec 1926 Sergiy of Nizhniy Novgorod (b. 1867 - d. 1944)
(acting for Pyotr)(1st time)
8 Dec 1926 - 29 Dec 1926 Iosif of Leningrad (b. 1872 - d. 1937)
(acting for Pyotr)
29 Dec 1926 - 12 Apr 1927 Serafim of Uglich (b. 1881 - d. 1937)
12 Apr 1927 - 10 Oct 1937 Sergiy of Nizhniy Novgorod (from (s.a.)
1932 Gorkiy)(from 27 Apr 1934, Sergy of Moscow)
(acting for Pyotr)(2nd time)
10 Oct 1937 - 8 Sep 1943 Sergiy of Moscow (Locum Tenens) (s.a.)
8 Sep 1943 - 15 May 1944 Sergiy I (s.a.)
15 May 1944 - 2 Feb 1945 Aleksiy of Leningrad (b. 1877 - d. 1970)
2 Feb 1945 - 17 Apr 1970 Aleksiy I (s.a.)
18 Apr 1970 - 2 Jun 1971 Pimen of Krutitsiy (Locum Tenens) (b. 1910 - d. 1990)
2 Jun 1971 - 3 May 1990 Pimen I (s.a.)
3 May 1990 - 10 Jun 1990 Filaret of Kiev (Locum Tenens) (b. 1929)
10 Jun 1990 - 5 Dec 2008 Aleksiy II (b. 1929 - d. 2008)
6 Dec 2008 - 1 Feb 2009 Kirill of Smolensk and Kaliningrad (b. 1946)
1 Feb 2009 - Kirill I (s.a.)
¹The Russian Church was then administered by the Holy Synod in which the Metropolitans of Moscow, St. Petersburg, and Kiev were permanent members. This Synod was recognized as the Patriarchate of Russia by the rest of Orthodoxy.
²Full titles: Metropolitans of Moscow and Vladimir (1742-1748); Metropolitans of Moscow and Sevsk (1748-1764); Metropolitans of Moscow and Kaluga (1764-1799); Metropolitans of Moscow and Kolomna (1799-1917).
Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia
2 Dec 1920 Temporary Higher Church Administration Abroad created.
2 Dec 1921 Supreme Ecclesiastic Administration Abroad formed.
2 Sep 1922 Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia (ROCOR) established
(also called the Russian Orthodox Church Abroad).
9 Sep 1927 Formal break of communion with ecclesiastic authorities in Moscow.
17 May 2007 Church unification act signed re-establishing canonical ties
with the Russian Orthodox Church.
Metropolitans and First Hierarchs
2 Dec 1920 - 10 Aug 1936 Antoniy (b. 1863 - d. 1936)
(Locum Tenens to 2 Sep 1922)
10 Aug 1936 - 31 May 1964 Anastassiy (b. 1873 - d. 1965)
31 May 1964 - 21 Nov 1985 Filaret (b. 1903 - d. 1985)
22 Jan 1986 - 24 Oct 2001 Vitaliy (b. 1910 - d. 2006)
24 Oct 2001 - 16 Mar 2008 Laurus (Lavr) (b. 1928 - d. 2008)
5 Nov 2001 - 25 Sep 2006 Vitaliy (in opposition) (s.a.)
16 Mar 2008 - 16 May 2022 Hilarion (b. 1948 - d. 2022)
(Locum Tenens to 12 May 2008)
16 May 2022 - 14 Sep 2022 Mark of Berlin and Germany (b. 1941)
14 Sep 2022 - Nikolay (b. 1974)
Serbian Orthodox Church
16 Aug 1219 Autocephaly granted by Constantinople.
11 Apr 1346 Unilateral elevation of See to Patriarchate (of Peć).
1379 Patriarchate recognized by Constantinople.
30 Jun 1459 Patriarchate abolished by Constantinople.
1557 Patriarchate restored by Constantinople.
22 Sep 1766 Patriarchate abolished by Constantinople.
29 Aug 1831 Autonomy restored by Constantinople.
1 Nov 1879 Autocephaly restored by Constantinople.
12 Sep 1920 Patriarchate restored by Constantinople.
Patriarchs of Peć
1672 - 1693 Arsenije III Carnojević (b. 1633 - d. 1706)
1693 - 27 Aug 1710 Kalinik I Skopljanac (b. 16.. - d. 1710)
(co-adjutor 1691-1693)
17 Jan 1711 - 4 May 1712 Atanasije I Ljubojević (b. 16.. - d. 1712)
17 Oct 1712 - 1725 Mojsije Rajović (d. 1726)
1725 - 1739 Arsenije IV Jovanović Šakabenta (b. 1698 - d. 1748)
May/Jun 1739 - 1746 Joanikije III Karadža (b. c.1700 - d. 1793)
1747 - 12 Apr 1752 Atanasije II Gavrilović (d. 1752)
Apr 1752 - May 1752 Gavrilo II Sarajevac (d. 1752)
May/Jun 1752 - 1754 Gavrilo III Nikolin (1st time) (d. 1779)
1754 - 1756 Vikentije I Stefanović (d. 1758)
1756 - Jun/Jul 1757 Pajsije II Grk (d. 1758)
Jun/Jul 1757-Mar/Apr 1758 Gavrilo III Nikolin (2nd time) (s.a.)
Mar/Apr 1758 - 1763 Kirilo II Grk
1763 - Apr 1765 Vasilije Jovanović Brkić (b. 1719 - d. 1772)
1765 - 22 Sep 1766 Kalinik II Grk
Metropolitans of Belgrade (under Ecumenical Patriarchate)
1766 - 12 Jul 1784 Jeremija Papazoglu
Jul/Aug 1785 - 1791 Dionizije I Papazoglu (b. 1750 - d. 1828)
Sep/Oct 1791 - 28 Feb 1801 Metodije (b. 17.. - d. 1801)
Apr/May 1801-Sep/Oct 1813 Leontije Lambrović (b. 177. - d. 1822)
1809 - 1811 Hadži Melentije Stevanović (b. 1766 - d. 1824)
1813 - 1815 Dionizije II Niski (b. 17.. - d. 1815)
Nov/Dec 1815-Aug/Sep 1825 Agatangel (b. 1769 - d. 1831)
1815 - 1816 Melentije Pavlović (b. 1776 - d. 1833)
Aug/Sep 1825 - 26 Feb 1827 Kiril (d. 1827)
Mar/Apr 1827 - 1831 Antim (b. 1759 - d. 1852)
Metropolitans of Serbia
29 Aug 1831 - 23 Jun 1833 Melentije Pavlović (s.a.)
Dec 1833 - Jan/Feb 1859 Petar Jovanović (b. 1800 - d. 1864)
6 Aug 1859 - 30 Oct 1881 Mihailo II Jovanović (1st time) (b. 1826 - d. 1898)
30 Oct 1881 - 1 Apr 1883 Mojsije Veresić of Timok (b. 1835 - d. 1896)
1 Apr 1883 - May 1889 Teodosije Mraović (b. 1815 - d. 1892)
18 May 1889 - 17 Feb 1898 Mihailo II Jovanović (2nd time) (s.a.)
17 Feb 1898 - 1 Jun 1905 Inokentije Pavlović (b. 1840 - d. 1905)
(Locum Tenens to 27 Feb 1898)
1 Jun 1905 - 25 Nov 1920 Dimitrije Pavlović (b. 1846 - d. 1930)
Archbishops of Peć, Metropolitans of Belgrade and Karlovci, Patriarchs of the Serbs
25 Nov 1920 - 6 Apr 1930 Dimitrije (s.a.)
6 Apr 1930 - 24 Jul 1937 Varnava (b. 1880 - d. 1937)
(Locum Tenens to 12 Apr 1930)
24 Jul 1937 - 21 Feb 1938 Dositej Vasić of Zagreb (b. 1887 - d. 1945)
21 Feb 1938 - 7 May 1950 Gavrilo V (b. 1881 - d. 1950)
(German prisoner 25 May 1941 - Apr 1945,
then in exile to 14 Nov 1946)
25 May 1941 - 14 Nov 1946 Josif Cvijović of Skopje (b. 1878 - d. 1957)
7 May 1950 - 1 Jul 1950 Arsenije Bradvarević of Montenegro (b. 1883 - d. 1963)
and the Littoral (Locum Tenens)
1 Jul 1950 - 5 Jul 1958 Vikentije II (b. 1890 - d. 1958)
5 Jul 1958 - 14 Sep 1958 Hrizostom Vojnović of Braničevo (b. 1911 - d. 1989)
14 Sep 1958 - 1 Jul 1989 German (b. 1899 - d. 1991)
1 Jul 1989 - 1 Dec 1990 Jovan Pavlović of Zagreb (b. 1936 - d. 2014)
1 Dec 1990 - 15 Nov 2009 Pavle (b. 1914 - d. 2009)
13 Nov 2007 - 22 Jan 2010 Amfilohije Radović of Montenegro (b. 1938 - d. 2020)
and the Littoral
(acting [for Pavle to 15 Nov 2009];
chairman of the Synod from 17 May 2008)
22 Jan 2010 - 20 Nov 2020 Irinej (b. 1930 - d. 2020)
20 Nov 2020 - 19 Feb 2021 Hrizostom Jević of Dabar-Bosna (b. 1952)
(chairman of the Synod)
19 Feb 2021 - Porfirije (b. 1961)
Serbian Orthodox Church inside Austrian Empire
1691 Autocephaly proclaimed.
1710 Autonomy granted by Patriarchate of Peć.
Sep/Oct 1766 Autocephaly proclaimed.
15 Dec 1848 Patriarchate proclaimed (recognized only by Russian
Orthodox Church).
12 Sep 1920 Autocephaly abolished; merged with Serbian Church.
Metropolitan of Sent Andreja (Sentandreja)
1691 - 27 Oct 1706 Arsenije III Carnojević (b. 1633 - d. 1706)
Metropolitans of Krusedol
6 Jan 1708 - 20 Jun 1708 Isaija Đaković (Djaković) (b. 16.. - d. 1708)
1708 - 27 Apr 1709 Stefan Metohijac (b. 16.. - d. 1709)
23 Apr 1710 - 7 Jan 1711 Sofronije Podgoričanin (b. 16.. - d. 1711)
Metropolitans of Karlovci (Karlowitz)
6 May 1713 - 23 Oct 1725 Vikentije I Popović (b. 16. - d. 1725)
1 Apr 1727 - 27 Jul 1730 Mojsije I Petrović (b. 1677 - d. 1730)
27 Jul 1730 - 22 Mar 1731 Nikolaj Dimitrijević (d. 1744)
22 Mar 1731 - 6 Jun 1737 Vikentije II Jovanović (b. 1689 - d. 1737
1737 - 18 Jan 1748 Arsenije IV Jovanović Šakabenta (b. 1698 - d. 1748)
2 Sep 1748 - 22 Jan 1749 Isaija Antonović (b. 1687 - d. 1749)
16 Jul 1749 - 15 Aug 1768 Pavle Nenadović (b. 1699 - d. 1768)
15 Aug 1768 - 7 Sep 1769 Danilo Jaksić (Locum Tenens) (b. 1715 - d. 1771)
7 Sep 1769 - 23 May 1773 Jovan Đorđević (Djordjević) (d. 1773)
1773 - 1774 Mojsije Putnik (1st time) (b. 1728 - d. 1790)
30 May 1774 - 18 Feb 1780 Vikentije III Jovanović Vidak (b. 1730 - d. 1780)
1780 - 21 Jun 1781 Mojsije Putnik (2nd time) (s.a.)
21 Jun 1781 - 28 Jun 1790 Mojsije II Putnik (s.a.)
28 Jun 1790 - 1790 Petar Petrović (Locum Tenens) (b. 17.. - d. 1800)
1790 - 4 Oct 1836 Stefan I Stratimirović (b. 1757 - d. 1836)
1836 - 23 Nov 1837 Stefan Stanković (Locum Tenens) (b. 1788 - d. 1841)
23 Nov 1837 - 31 Jul 1841 Stefan II Stanković (s.a.)
1841 - Aug 1842 Georgije Hranislav (Locum Tenens) (b. 1775 - d. 1843)
Aug 1842 - 15 Dec 1848 Josif Rajačić (b. 1785 - d. 1861)
Metropolitans of Karlovci and Patriarchs of the Serbs
15 Dec 1848 - 1 Dec 1861 Josif Rajačić (s.a.)
1 Dec 1861 - 7 Jan 1870 Samuilo Maširević (b. 1803 - d. 1870)
(Locum Tenens to 25 Jul 1864)
1870 - 1872 Arsenije Stojković (Locum Tenens) (b. 1804 - d. 1892)
1872 - 1874 Nikanor Grujić (Locum Tenens) (b. 1810 - d. 1887)
31 Jul 1874 - 11 Dec 1879 Prokopije Ivančković (b. 1809 - d. 1881)
11 Dec 1879 - 26 Nov 1888 German Anđelić (Andjelić) (b. 1822 - d. 1888)
(Locum Tenens to 1882)
Dec 1888 - 17 Jun 1907 Georgije Branković (b. 1830 - d. 1907)
(Locum Tenens to 1 May 1890)
17 Jun 1907 - 1 Sep 1913 Lukijan Bogdanović (b. 1867 - d. 1913)
(Locum Tenens to 22 Sep 1908)
Sep 1913 - 14 Oct 1913 Miron Nikolić (1st time) (b. 1846 - d. 1941)
14 Oct 1913 - 6 Mar 1914 Mihailo Grujić (Locum Tenens) (b. 1861 - d. 1914)
6 Mar 1914 - 1919 Miron Nikolić (2nd time) (s.a.)
1919 - Sep 1920 Georgije Letić (b. 1872 - d. 1935)
(Locum Tenens; coadjutor 1918-1919)
Orthodox Church of Romania
15 Dec 1864 Unilateral declaration of autocephaly.
7 May 1885 Autocephaly recognized by Constantinople.
4 Feb 1925 See elevated to Patriarchate by Constantinople.
Metropolitans of Hungaro-Walachia (under Ecumenical Patriarchate)
May 1679 - 7 Feb 1708 Theodosios (2nd time) (b. 1620 - d. 1708)
8 Feb 1708 - Sep/Oct 1716 Anthimos (b. 1650 - d. 1716)
Sep/Oc 1716 - 1719 Mitrofanis II (b. 16.. - d. 1720)
30 Aug 1719 - 22 Dec 1731 Daniil II (b. 1665 - d. 1731)
Jan/Feb 1732 - 4 Oct 1738 Stephanos II (b. 1680 - d. 1738)
18 Nov 1738 - 27 Jun 1753 Neophytos I (b. 1690 - d. 1753)
1753 - 1760 Philaretos I (d. 1760)
8 Aug 1760 - 29 Sep 1787 Grigorios II (b. 1710 - d. 1787)
12 Oct 1787 - 14 Sep 1792 Kosmas (d. 1792)
17 Sep 1792 - 6 Oct 1793 Philaretos II (b. 1735 - d. 1794)
6 Oct 1793 - 27 Jan 1810 Dositheos (b. 1734 - d. 1826)
17 May1810-Aug/Sep/Oct1812 Ignatios II (b. 1765 - d. 1829)
28 Dec 1812 - 13 May 1819 Nektarios (d. 1825)
May 1819 - Apr/May 1821 Dionysios II (b. 1769 - d. 1831)
16 Jan 1823 - 4 Jul 1834 Grigorios III (b. 1765 - d. 1834)
3 Aug 1834 - 11 Jul 1840 Commission
- Ilarion of Argeş (b. 1777 - d. 1845)
- Neophytos of Râmnic (b. 1787 - d. 1850)
- Kaisarios of Buzău (b. 1784 - d. 1846)
11 Jul 1840 - 27 Aug 1849 Neophytos II (s.a.)
5 Oct 1850 - 29 Jan 1865 Nifon II (b. 1789 - d. 1875)
Metropolitans of Hungaro-Walachia and Primates of All Romania
29 Jan 1865 - 17 May 1875 Nifon (s.a.)
31 May 1875 - 14 Aug 1886 Calinic (b. 1822 - d. 1886)
22 Nov 1886 - 29 Mar 1893 Iosif (1st time) (b. 1829 - d. 1909)
18 May 1893 - 20 May 1896 Ghenadie (b. 1836 - d. 1918)
6 Dec 1896 - 24 Jan 1909 Iosif (2nd time) (s.a.)
5 Feb 1909 - 28 Jun 1911 Athanasie (b. 1856 - d. 1931)
19 Feb 1912 - 1 Jan 1919 Conon (b. 1837 - d. 1922)
31 Dec 1919 - 4 Feb 1925 Miron (b. 1868 - d. 1939)
Patriarchs of All Romania, Archbishops of Bucharest, Metropolitans of Muntenia and Dobrogea
4 Feb 1925 - 7 Mar 1939 Miron (s.a.)
Mar 1939 - 30 Jun 1939 Nicodim of Moldavia (Locum Tenens) (b. 1865 - d. 1948)
30 Jun 1939 - 27 Feb 1948 Nicodim (s.a.)
Feb 1948 - 24 May 1948 Justinian of Moldavia (b. 1901 - d. 1977)
24 May 1948 - 26 Mar 1977 Justinian (s.a.)
Mar 1977 - 12 Jun 1977 Iustin of Moldavia and Suceava (b. 1910 - d. 1986)
12 Jun 1977 - 31 Jul 1986 Iustin (s.a.)
Aug 1986 - 9 Nov 1986 Teoctist of Moldavia and Suceava (b. 1915 - d. 2007)
9 Nov 1986 - 30 Jul 2007 Teoctist (s.a.)
18 Jan 1990 - 5 Apr 1990 Nicolae of Banat (b. 1923 - d. 2014)
(Locum Tenens, in dissidence)
31 Jul 2007 - 12 Sep 2007 Daniel of Moldavia and Bucovina (b. 1951)
12 Sep 2007 - Daniel (s.a.)
Moldavo-Walachia
10 Feb 1865 Subordination of See to Primate Metropolitan of Hungaro-Walachia
and creation of a united church in Romania.
Metropolitans of Moldavo-Walachia (autonomous under Ecumenical Patriarchate)
1689 - 1701 Savvas II (b. 16.. - d. 1705)
1701 - Aug/Sep 1708 Misail (d. 1715)
1708 - 1722 Gedeon II (d. 1722)
1722 - 1729 Georgios IV (d. 1729)
1730 - Oct/Nov 1739 Antonios (d. 1748)
1740 - 27 Oct 1750 Nikiforos (b. 1680 - d. 1751)
24 Nov 1750 - Jan 1760 Iakovos I (b. 1710 - d. 1778)
30 Jan 1760 - 3 Mar 1786 Gavriil (b. 1710 - d. 1786)
13 Mar 1786 - Jan 1789 Leon (b. 1730 - d. 1789)
2 Jul 1792 - 24 Mar 1803 Iakovos II (b. 1749 - d. 1803)
30 Mar 1803 - 30 Jan 1842 Veniamin (b. 1768 - d. 1846)
14 Feb 1844 - 1 Jul 1848 Meletios (b. 1777 - d. 1848)
22 Feb 1851 - 19 Nov 1860 Sofronios (b. 1790 - d. 1861)
20 Nov 1860 - 22 May 1865 Vacant
Orthodox Church of Bulgaria
911 Unilateral elevation of See to Patriarchate (Preslav).
927 Patriarchate recognized by Constantinople (Dristra).
971 Patriarchate abolished by Constantinople.
976 Unilateral elevation of See to Patriarchate (Ohrid).
1018 Patriarchate abolished by Constantinople.
1235 Patriarchate restored (Turnovo).
11 Mar 1870 Unilateral establishment of Autocephalous Exarchate.
22 Feb 1945 Autocephaly recognized by Constantinople.
10 May 1953 Unilateral elevation of See to Patriarchate.
1 Aug 1961 Patriarchate recognized by Constantinople.
20 Oct 1968 Adopts the revised Julian calendar.
4 Jul 1996 - May 2010 Bulgarian Orthodox Church - Alternative synod, in dissidence.
Metropolitans of Turnovo (under Ecumenical Patriarchate)
1697? Theodosios
1708? - 1714 Dionysios IV (d. 1714)
1714 - 1722 Iosiph II
1722 - 1739 Nikiphoros
1739 - Jan/Feb 1751 Anthimos II
Jan/Feb 1751 - Jan 1764 Theophilos (d. 1764)
Jan 1764 - Jan/Feb 1770 Parthenios (d. 1777)
Jan/Feb 1770 - 1791 Kallinikos (d. 1791)
Dec1791/Jan1792-23Feb 1797 Mattheos (1st time) (d. 1802)
23 Feb 1797 - 3 Nov 1797 Philotheos (d. 1816)
3 Nov 1797 - 1802 Mattheos (2nd time) (s.a.)
Mar/Apr 1802 - 1805 Daniil (d. 1805)
Jan/Feb 1806-Jun/Jul 1817 Makarios II (d. 1830)
Jun/Jul 1817 - 16 Jun 1821 Ioannikios (d. 1821)
Jun/Jul 1821 - 7 Jul 1827 Ilarion (1st time) (d. 1838)
7 Jul 1827 - Nov/Dec 1830 Konstantios (b. 1760? - d. 1859)
Nov/Dec 1830 - 1838 Ilarion (2nd time) (s.a.)
Feb/Mar 1838 - 10 May 1840 Panaretos (d. 1878)
May/Jun 1840-Jun/Jul 1846 Neophytos (1st time) (d. af.1874)
Jun/Jul 1846 - 1848 Athanasios II (d. 1848)
Aug/Sep 1848 - 7 Feb 1858 Neophytos (2nd time) (s.a.)
7 Feb 1858 - 21 Jan 1882 Grigorios (b. 1801 - d. 1882)
(in exile from 1872)
Exarchs of the Bulgarians
24 Feb 1872 - 28 Feb 1872 Ilarion (b. 1800 - d. 1884)
28 Feb 1872 - 24 Apr 1877 Anthim (b. 1816 - d. 1888)
6 May 1877 - 3 Jul 1915 Iosif (b. 1840 - d. 1915)
Provisional Heads of the Holy Synod
1915 - 1918 Parteni of Sofia (b. 1845 - d. 1918)
1918 - 1920 Vasili of Dorostolum (b. 1847 - d. 1927)
1920 - 1921 Boris of Ohrid (b. 1875 - d. 1938)
1921 - 1927 Maxim of Plovdiv (b. 1850 - d. 1938)
28 Mar 1928 - 3 May 1930 Kliment of Vratsa (b. 1873 - d. 1930)
1930 - 16 Oct 1944 Neofit of Vidin (b. 1868 - d. 1971)
16 Oct 1944 - 21 Jan 1945 Stefan of Sofia (b. 1878 - d. 1957)
Exarch of the Bulgarians
21 Jan 1945 - 8 Sep 1948 Stefan (s.a.)
8 Nov 1948 - 4 Jan 1949 Mikhail of Dorostolum (b. 1884 - d. 1961)
1949 - 3 Jan 1951 Paisi of Vratsa (b. 1888 - d. 1974)
3 Jan 1951 - 10 May 1953 Kiril of Plovdiv (b. 1901 - d. 1971)
Patriarchs of All Bulgaria, Metropolitans of Sofia
10 May 1953 - 7 Mar 1971 Kiril (s.a.)
13 Mar 1971 - 4 Jul 1971 Maksim of Lovech (Locum Tenens) (b. 1914 - d. 2012)
4 Jul 1971 - 6 Nov 2012 Maxim (s.a.)
(suspended by government 25 May - 5 Nov 1992)
25 May 1992 - 5 Nov 1992 Pimen of Nevrokop (Locum Tenens) (b. 1906 - d. 1999)
(appopinted by Bulgarian government)
1 Jul 1996 - 10 Apr 1999 Pimen (in dissidence) (s.a.)
10 Apr 1999 - 2005 Innokentiy, Metropolitan of Sofia (b. 1963)
(1st time)(Locum Tenens, in dissidence)
2005 - 22 Mar 2006 Boris of Plovdiv (b. 1911 - d. 2006)
22 Mar 2006 - 11 Dec 2012 Innokentiy, Metropolitan of Sofia (s.a.)
(2nd time)(Locum Tenens, in dissidence)
6 Nov 2012 - 10 Nov 2012 Grigorii of Veliko Turnovo (acting)(b. 1950)
10 Nov 2012 - 24 Feb 2013 Kiril of Varna (Locum Tenens) (b. 1954 - d. 2013)
24 Feb 2013 - Neofit (b. 1945)
Orthodox Church of Georgia
467 Autonomy granted by Antioch.
750 Autocephaly granted by Antioch.
1008 Adoption of the Catholicos-Patriarch title.
12 Jul 1811 Patriarchate abolished by Russia.
25 Mar 1917 Patriarchate restored.
31 Oct 1943 Autocephaly recognized by Russia.
3 Mar 1990 Patriarchate recognized by Constantinople.
Catholicos-Patriarchs of Iberia
1696 - 1700 Ioan VII (2nd time) (d. 1700)
1700 - 1703 Evdemoz II
1704 - 1730 Domenti III (1st time)(exiled 1725)(d. 1741)
1725 - 1737 Besarion
(Locum Tenens for exiled Domenti IV to 1730)
1737 - 1739 Kirile
1739 - 1741 Domenti III (2nd time) (s.a.)
1742 - 1744 Nikoloz VII
1744 - 27 Dec 1755 Anton I (1st time) (b. 1721 - d. 1788)
Dec 1755 - 1764 Ioseb (d. 1770)
1764 - 14 Jun 1788 Anton I (2nd time) (s.a.)
1788 - 22 Jun 1811 Anton II (b. 1762 - d. 1827)
Exarchs of Georgia (appointed by the Russian Church)
20 Jul 1811 - 26 May 1817 Varlaam (d. 1830)
26 May 1817 - 31 Jul 1821 Theophilakt (b. 1765 - d. 1821)
13 Oct 1821 - 17 Mar 1832 Iona (b. 1763 - d. 1849)
24 Mar 1832 - 25 Jul 1834 Moisey (b. 1783 - d. 1834)
13 Sep 1834 - 24 Nov 1844 Yevgeniy (b. 1784 - d. 1862)
24 Nov 1844 - 13 Mar 1858 Isidor (b. 1799 - d. 1892)
13 Mar 1858 - 20 Dec 1877 Yevseviy (b. 1809 - d. 1879)
20 Dec 1877 - 9 Jul 1882 Ioannikiy (b. 1826 - d. 1900)
28 Jul 1882 - 11 Oct 1887 Pavel (b. 1827 - d. 1892)
11 Oct 1887 - 30 Oct 1892 Palladiy (b. 1827 - d. 1898)
30 Oct 1892 - 5 Mar 1898 Vladimir (b. 1848 - d. 1918)
5 Mar 1898 - 23 Nov 1901 Flavian (b. 1840 - d. 1915)
23 Nov 1901 - 14 Jul 1905 Alexiy I (b. 1837 - d. 1914)
14 Jul 1905 - 22 Jun 1906 Nikolay (b. 1852 - d. 1914)
22 Jun 1906 - 10 Jun 1908 Nikon (b. 1861 - d. 1908)
20 Dec 1909 - 22 Sep 1913 Innokentiy (b. 1862 - d. 1913)
17 Oct 1913 - 2 Jun 1914 Aleksiy II (b. 1853 - d. 1914)
9 Jul 1914 - 6 Dec 1915 Pitirim (b. 1858 - d. 1919)
18 Dec 1915 - 26 Aug 1917 Platon (b. 1866 - d. 1934)
1917 - 30 Sep 1917 Leonide (Locum Tenens) (b. 1862 - d. 1921)
Catholicos-Patriarchs of All Georgia, Archbishops of Mtsheta and Tbilisi
30 Sep 1917 - 17 Jun 1918 Kirion III &n