text:
Ham and Eggs is a 1933 animated cartoon produced by Walter Lantz, as part of the Oswald the Lucky Rabbit series. It is the 72nd Oswald short by Lantz and the 124th in the entire series.

Plot
At a bistro, Oswald works as the chef while a girl beagle serves as the waitress.

The first customer is a tall terrier who comes in for spaghetti. After finishing his meal, he slowly walks toward the cash register, pretending he would pay his bill. The tall terrier discloses that he has nothing to pay as he quickly exits the door and gives the bistro operators a raspberry. Nevertheless, Oswald and the girl beagle just laugh, knowing they can prevent other customers from running off.

The second customer is a boy beagle with an appetite for pancakes. As he receives his order and tries to take a nibble, the boy beagle finds the pancakes rock solid and therefore too hard to chew on, much to his disgust. He then starts tossing them around, prompting Oswald to tell him that such actions come at a price. Refusing to give a cent, the boy beagle heads toward the door. Before he could do so, however, he is nabbed by the robotic cash register that shakes off every single coin he has.

The third customer is a big bear who orders an egg sandwich. Oswald cracks an egg which turns into a chick and cools itself and while he is in the kitchen, the bear starts flirting the girl beagle, and Oswald is aware of it. Irritated by that, Oswald saws out of two square wooden boards and glues them in between. The bear then receives and takes a bite of the false sandwich, thus resulting in cracked and chipped teeth. Provoked, the bear goes into a frenzy. Oswald, however, is able to evade and fend off the bear's aggression, as the bear tries to catch Oswald but got knocked by Oswald's plan, which is the cash register's money drawer. The bear lands on the floor hitting a cabinet with drawers forcing the bear to feel dazed. Upon bringing their unruly client down, Oswald and the girl beagle put corn kernels plus a lighted oil lamp in the bear's trousers. The corn starts popping inside and the bear runs away hysterically.

The cartoon concludes with Oswald singing in the style of Mario Lanza next to his colleague which he also did in the beginning.

See also
Oswald the Lucky Rabbit filmography

References

External links
The Walter Lantz Cartune Encyclopedia: 1933
Ham and Eggs at the Big Cartoon Database

1933 films
1933 animated films
1930s American animated films
1930s animated short films
Walter Lantz Productions shorts
American black-and-white films
Oswald the Lucky Rabbit cartoons
Universal Pictures animated short films
Cooking films
Animated films about dogs


official canada goose outlet This is the last in this series of 6 articles on how to buy good motorcycle gear. There will probably be more. This article is going to offer some tips on what gear a rider needs for their first track day. "Poor Ozma!" whispered Dorothy, with tears in her sweet eyes. "It's dreadful to think of all her lovely fairy canada goose outlet toronto location country being destroyed. I wonder if we couldn't manage to escape and get back to Kansas by means of the Magic Belt? And we might take Ozma with us and all work hard to get money canada goose outlet phone number for her, so she wouldn't be so VERY lonely and unhappy about the loss of her fairyland." official canada goose outlet.


text:
Revival camps for Muslims in China illustrate the "compelling ethnic policy"
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Rukiya Maimaiti, a local propaganda officer, warned her colleagues a few years ago about the threat of the Uyghurs, a Muslim minority in western China. The purpose of the Chinese government? Xinjiang province of "extremist ideas" purify and that for the well-being of "own people". The Chinese government introduced re-education camps for Muslims that they described as 'training centres'.
"It is your job to protect your family," said the communist Maimaiti. She wrote this in an online article in which she recommends re-education camps for Muslims: "A special kind of education for a special time." Gradually it becomes clear why and how the so-called training centres in China were founded. Obscure government sites Messages such as Rukiya Maimaiti's are still circulating on – often somewhat obscure – government sites. The campaign talks up the detention of Muslims in "re-education camps" and gives them a legal basis by claiming that they are a good preparation for the labour market. In reality, Muslims are brutally interrogated, they have to sing Communist songs and they undergo a kind of military education.
Involvement of Xi Jinping
The so-called re-education camps raise a lot of questions and resistance worldwide. But the Chinese government in Beijing still denies the existence of the camps and describes them as training centres that offer job training, among other things. There would be no question of compulsory imprisonment. Also, Chinese president Xi Jinping would not know about the camps, let alone be involved in the imprisonment of Muslim minorities.
Yet there is sufficient evidence that shows how much the indoctrination campaign escalated. Speeches, reports and other online documents illuminate the veil and make it clear that the Chinese government is longing for the disappearance of the Uyghurs. And Chinese President Xi did not openly support the re-education camps of the Muslims, in 2014 he ordered his government to weaken the separate identity of the Uighurs.
New policy
"What is happening in Xinjiang is the more compelling ethnic policy that introduces a new era of Chinese power," said James Leibold, China expert at La Trobe University (LTU) in Australia. He followed the Chinese indoctrination campaign and explains where the fear of Muslim extremism comes from: "In 2014, the security forces wrestled with a series of violent anti-government attacks. The debt was invariably passed on to the Muslim minority."
Fear of extremism
President Xi made his first and only visit to Xinjiang as national leader in April 2014. A few hours after he ended his four-day visit, attackers used bombs and knives to kill three people and injured nearly 80 others. The attack was seen as a rejection of the Chinese president who had just left the city. He swore to rule with an "iron fist" and react against the Uyghurs who oppose Chinese rule. A year after President Xi's visit, the first documents began to circulate encouraging "the reform of the Muslim minority through education". Shortly after, the first camps were built.
China Muslims
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Zhangye Danxia Colorful rocks in China
Kowloon: how the city with the highest population density went down in history
Zhang Guolao: How necromancer, hooligan became immortal and saint
Why did Suakin Island turn into a ghost island
Jack Ma 996: what is 996 work culture and why was it illegal in China?
"I'm a black monster": Chinese who used Malawian children to earn money arrested
Ginkgo trees are unique, almost immortal plants
A brief history of the Mandala
Datong: Hanging Temple in China defies gravity
Imam caught with a woman: I want to satisfy myself before prayer
Top 5 cases of blasphemy that lead to beheading in Nigeria
How were board games in ancient times and which ones are still popular

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


'Escaping Fate' added to Greene King UK Playlist!
Text "FATE" to 85888 to Download New Single!
We have set up an SMS messaging service so that you can simply text "FATE" to 85888 to download our new single 'Escaping Fate'!
BBC Radio 2 Play Our New Single Escaping Fate!
Big thanks to Alex Lester and BBC Radio 2 for playing our new single 'Escaping Fate' last night and big thanks also to Mike Mills.


Purpose – This paper intends to focus on interoperability issues in IT-based the lifecycle costing (LCC) applications and on improving LCC decision making based on cost performances of various options of constructing techniques and materials, excluding energy calculations. Design/methodology/approach – This project mainly is an IT development project based on industry foundation classes (IFC) models. The LCC tool is fully compliant with the system architecture of the nD modelling tool, and is based on the integrated nD modelling interfaces, which are IFC compliant and integrated with an interactive virtual reality environment. The functions of the LCC tool also provide integrated costs, database management and automatic calculations of some complicated LCC algorithms. Findings – The advantages identified are as follows: First, this IFC-based LCC tool demonstrates the interoperable delivery of building design information across different CAD systems. Second, the development techniques adopted in this case are more practical and cost- effective due to the easily accessible auxiliary tools. This also promotes the flexibility of the IFC-based development. Research limitations/implications – The lack of real historical data of LCC collected from previous projects is still a major barrier to applying this tool in practice. The future research and development of this LLC tool will look at the lifecycle costing of building service and energy consumption. Originality/value – The paper introduces the development of IFC based applications in lifecycle costing.


The outlook for barley prices was bullish in April, at least when it comes to feed barley prices. It is one of the few crops in Western Canada that did extremely well!
Early in April, we reported that feed barley prices were rallying. On the exports front, China has been a big buyer of Canadian malt barley, with exports this year to top 1 million tonnes! This would be a new record! That being said, cumulative Canadian barley exports continue to track well ahead of last year's pace.
That being said, malt barley prices have remained relatively subdued. Comparably, feed barley prices have continued to inch higher through the end of April. A later winter and a larger cattle herd continue to support the move.
However, we need to point out a few bearish factors. First, barley commercial stocks and second, the domestic disappearance is starting to lose steam. That being said, cumulative farmer deliveries though continue to track ahead of last year's pace.
Another bearish factor for barley prices is how many barley acres will get seeded in Canada in 2018/19. StatsCan said that Canadian farmers will plant 6.06 million acres of barley, this is up 5% year-over-year.
Here are a few other factors that we looked at this month that impacted barley prices.


OT, Mega ant farms. For Sale.
As a kid I used to make big antfarms..one was 2x2 1/2' I used red Harvester ants I collected inland from Hayward,a city named Livermore. They have hot summers and you will find insects there that you never see in the cool bay area.
So,here we are decades later and I was thinking how back then I wished I could add Army or Driver ants. Seeing them on Wild Kingdom (in color!) and NET TV That was PBS in those days.
So I'm on the internet...and can you believe it- Australian trap jawed ants for sale...if you live in the UK. He even includes the queen. A few hundred dollars.but right now he's sold out.


Harsohena – Tere Bin Guitar Chords: Presenting the guitar chords of latest punjabi song Tere Bin sung by Harsohena. The lyrics of tere bin are penned by Vijay Dhammi and the music is given by Gurmeet Singh. The Tere bin Guitar chords are in D scale. Tere bin can be played using 4 chords and to play this song you need to use D, Em, Bm, & G Chord. The strumming pattern for tere bin song for guitar is D UUD UUD where D is Down Strum and U is Up Strum. If we talk about the difficulty level of tere bin chords then i would say it's easy to play the chords of tere bin song.


text:
Q: Is there a way to stack multiple 2x2 matrices in MATLAB into a multidimensional array in a simpler way (e.g. without using "cat" or "reshape")? I am receiving a text file with 1000 matrices of size 2x2 each day from someone, in the following format (only 3 matrices are shown here instead of 1000):
0.96875000 0.03125000
0.03125000 0.96875000

0.96875000 0.01562500
0.03125000 0.98437500

0.99218800 0.03125000
0.00781250 0.96875000

I need to make a 2x2x1000 array in MATLAB. Ideally I could do something simple like:
[0.96875000 0.03125000
0.03125000 0.96875000;

0.96875000 0.01562500
0.03125000 0.98437500;

0.99218800 0.03125000
0.00781250 0.96875000]

After reading the MATLAB documentation on multidimensional arrays and the MATLAB documentation for the cat function, I figured out that I could make the required array in the following way (the first argument of cat is 3 because I'm concatenating the 2x2 matrices along the 3rd dimension):
cat(3,...
[0.96875000 0.03125000
0.03125000 0.96875000],...
[0.96875000 0.01562500
0.03125000 0.98437500],...
[0.99218800 0.03125000
0.00781250 0.96875000])

But that does not work if I put spacing between the lines as in my "ideal" example above, and the need for all the commas and dots makes it a bit uglier in my opinion.
While writing this question, I have discovered that I can run my "ideal" example and then use reshape, which I prefer over my solution using the cat function. For this, I don't even need the semi-colons. However Cris Luengo correctly pointed out in the comments that reshape is not enough and permute is also needed, and then Luis Mendo pointed out in chat that the solution is not so simple:
permute(reshape(ideal.',2,2,[]),[2 1 3])

Andras Deak has done what we thought was impossible, which is to remove the transpose, but the solution is still quite complicated, and was not easy to engineer:
permute(reshape(ideal,2,[],2),[1 3 2])

Ideally one would not need to use cat or reshape to make a 3D array, when the original data is already so nicely formatted in what the human eye can already see is a 3D array of several 2x2 matrices.
Is there a simpler way to build the 3D array in MATLAB using the data in the format I have?
So far I have done the following on my own:

*

*Searched online and found the above two MATLAB documentation articles which lead me to the above solution using cat

*Came up with the above solution using reshape while writing this question, then it got improved by Cris and Luis in the comments and chat .

*Also: I tried saving the data in a .txt file and clicked import in MATLAB, knowing that the import GUI gives some options for how the data is to be organized in the resulting MATLAB array, but there did not seem to be any option to make this a 3D array.

A: Indeed there is no "direct" way to import this text as a 3D matrix. This is the easiest way I can come up with:

*

*Save the input as a .txt file

*Use the import tool (Import Data button in the Variable toolbar) to import the data as a Mx2 matrix. Choose "Numeric Matrix" as "Output Type". And you can "exclude rows with" "blank cells" to avoid the empty rows.

*Besides reshape() and permute(), using cell array to format it as below might be more intuitive and less error prone to someones.

    % The number of 2x2 matrices
    N = size(m,1)/2;
    % Split each 2x2 matrix into a cell
    c = mat2cell(m, 2*ones(1,N), 1);
    % Concatenate along the 3rd dimension
    output3DMatrix = cat(3, c{:});

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text:
Casta Paintings
by Susan Deans-Smith
In 1746 Dr. Andrés Arce y Miranda, a creole attorney from Puebla, Mexico, criticized a series of paintings known as the cuadros de castas or casta paintings. Offended by their depictions of racial mixtures of the inhabitants of Spain's American colonies, Arce y Miranda feared the paintings would send back to Spain the damaging message that creoles, the Mexican-born children of Spanish parents, were of mixed blood. For Arce y Miranda, the paintings would only confirm European assumptions of creole inferiority.
Casta paintings first appeared during the reign of the first Bourbon monarch of Spain, Phillip V (1700-46), and grew in popularity throughout the eighteenth century. They remained in demand until the majority of Spain's American colonies became independent in 1821. To date over one hundred full or partial series of casta paintings have been documented and more continue to surface at art auctions. Their popularity in the eighteenth century suggests that many of Arce y Miranda's contemporaries did not share his negative opinions of the paintings.
The casta series represent different racial mixtures that derived from the offspring of unions between Spaniards and Indians–mestizos, Spaniards and Blacks–mulattos, and Blacks and Indians–zambos. Subsequent intermixtures produced a mesmerizing racial taxonomy that included labels such as "no te entiendo," ("I don't understand who you are"), an offspring of so many racial mixtures that made ancestry difficult to determine, or "salta atrás" ("a jump backward") which could denote African ancestry. The overwhelming majority of extant casta series were produced and painted in Mexico. While most of the artists remain anonymous, those who have been identified include some of the most prominent painters in eighteenth-century Mexico including Miguel Cabrera, Juan Rodríguez Juárez, José de Ibarra, José Joaquín Magón, and Francisco Vallejo.
Casta paintings were presented most commonly in a series of sixteen individual canvases or a single canvas divided into sixteen compartments. The series usually depict a man, woman, and child, arranged according to a hierarchies of race and status, the latter increasingly represented by occupation as well as dress by the mid-eighteenth century. The paintings are usually numbered and the racial mixtures identified in inscriptions. Spanish men are often portrayed as men of leisure or professionals, blacks and mulattos as coachmen, Indians as food vendors, and mestizos as tailors, shoemakers, and tobacconists. Mulattas and mestizas are often represented as cooks, spinners, and seamstresses. Despite clear duplications, significant variations occur in casta sets produced throughout the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Whereas some series restrict themselves to representation and specification of racial mixtures, dress styles, and material culture, others are more detailed in their representation of flora and fauna peculiar to the New World (avocadoes, prickly pear, parrots, armadillos, and different types of indigenous peoples). While the majority appear to be in urban settings, several series depict rural landscapes.
What do these exquisitely beguiling images tell us about colonial society and Spanish imperial rule? As with textual evidence, we cannot take them as unmediated and transparent sources. Spanish elites' anxiety about the breakdown of a clear socio-racial hierarchy in colonial society–the sistema de castas or caste system–that privileged a white, Spanish elite partially accounts for the development of this genre. Countering those anxieties, casta paintings depict colonial social life and mixed-race people in idealized terms. Instead of the beggars, vagrants, and drunks that populated travelers' accounts and Spanish bureaucratic reports about its colonial populations, viewers gaze upon scenes of prosperity and domesticity, of subjects engaged in productive labor, consumption, and commerce. Familiar tropes of the idle and drunken castas are only occasionally depicted in scenes of domestic conflict. In addition, European desires for exotica and the growing popularity of natural history contributed to the demand for casta paintings. The only extant casta series from Peru was commissioned as a gift specifically for the natural history collection of the Prince of Asturias (the future Charles IV of Spain). And despite Dr. Arce y Miranda's fears, many contemporaries believed the casta series offered positive images of Mexico and America as well as of Spanish imperial rule. In this regard, the casta paintings tell us as much about Mexico's and Spain's aspirations and resources as they do about racial mixing. Many owners of casta paintings were high-ranking colonial bureaucrats, military officials, and clergy, who took their casta paintings back to Spain with them when they completed their service in America. But there is also evidence of patrons from the middling ranks of the colonial bureaucracy. Very fragmentary data on the price of casta paintings suggests that their purchase would not have been restricted to only the very wealthy.
The casta paintings were displayed in official public spaces, such as museums, universities, high ranking officials' residences and palaces, as well as in unofficial spaces when some private collections would be opened up to limited public viewing. The main public space where casta paintings could have been viewed by a wide audience was the Natural History Museum in Madrid.
Regardless of what patrons and artists may have intended casta paintings to convey, viewers responded to them according to their own points of reference and contexts. While much remains to be learned about who saw sets of casta paintings and where they saw them, fragmentary evidence suggests varied audience responses. The English traveler Richard Phillips, visiting the Natural History Museum in Madrid in 1803, enthusiastically encouraged his readers to go and see the casta paintings as exemplary exotica along with Japanese drums and Canopus pots from Egypt. Another English traveler, Richard Twiss, expressed skepticism about the inscriptions that described the racial mixtures depicted in a casta series he viewed in a private house in Malaga. And, to return to Arce y Miranda in Mexico, the casta paintings for him signified a slur on the reputation of creoles in Mexico.
Although we have a good general understanding of the development of this provocative genre much remains to be understood about the circulation, patronage, and reception of the casta paintings. We know, for example, that some casta series found their way to England. One tantalizing piece of evidence comes from the British landscape painter Thomas Jones (1742-1803) who made a diary entry in 1774 about a set of casta paintings he viewed at a friend's house in Chesham. How these paintings were acquired by their English owners, as purchases, gifts, or through more nefarious means, remains an open question. We also need to know much more about patrons of the casta paintings and the painters in order to deepen our understanding about innovations and new interpretations that appear in this genre.
This is an electronic version of an article published in the Colonial Latin American Review © 2005 Copyright Taylor & Francis; Colonial Latin American Review is available online at www.tandfonline.com http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10609160500314980
For more on casta paintings:
Magali M. Carrera, Imagining identity in New Spain: Race, Lineage, and the Colonial Body in Portraiture and Casta Paintings (2003)
María Concepción García Saiz, Las castas mexicanas: un género pictórico americano (1989)
Ilona Katzew, Casta Painting: Images of Race in Eighteenth-Century Mexico (2004)
Ethno-racial terminology and a selection of casta paintings can be found at Nuestros Ranchos Genealogy of Mexico
You may also like: Naming and Picturing New World Nature, by Maria Jose Afanador LLach (here on NEP)
1. De Español y Mestizo, Castizo de Miguel Cabrera. Nº. Inv. 00006
2. De Chino Cambujo y India, Loba de Miguel Cabrera. Nº. Inv. 00011
3. Castas de Luis de Mena. Nª.Inv. 00026
Posted by permission of El Museo de América, Madrid
Posted November 9, 2011 More 1400s to 1700s, Art/Architecture, Blog, Discover, Latin America and the Caribbean, Race/Ethnicity, Transnational


These pancakes are a great balance of protein, carbs, and fat. If you want to decrease the carbs and sugar slightly, simply omit the maple syrup or substitute it with an all natural no-calorie sweetener such as stevia to taste.
Whisk all pancake ingredients EXCEPT egg whites in a large bowl and whisk. If batter is too thick add a little extra water (1 tsp at a time).
In a separate bowl, whisk egg whites until frothy and slightly stiff.
Gently fold egg whites into batter and allow batter to sit for 3 minutes.
Heat a griddle or non-stick skillet over medium-high heat and light coat with cooking spray.
Add batter to skillet to form 6 small pancakes. When bubbles start to form on the top of the pancakes (about 2-3 minutes), gently flip pancakes and cook for an additional 2-3 minutes or until cooked through.
Transfer pancakes to a plate and set aside.
Combine all of the filling ingredients in a small bowl.
Top one pancake with 2 tbsp of filling, top with another pancake and another 2 tbsp of filling. Top with one more pancake.
Recipe makes 6 pancakes with each serving containing 3 pancakes and 1/4 cup of filling.


text:
Ophthalmology and Therapy
December 2016 , Volume 5, Issue 2, pp 161–172 | Cite as
Newly Diagnosed Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Randomized to 2 Trabecular Bypass Stents or Prostaglandin: Outcomes Through 36 Months
Steven D. Vold
Lilit Voskanyan
Manfred Tetz
Gerd Auffarth
Imran Masood
Leon Au
Iqbal Ike K. Ahmed
Hady Saheb
To examine outcomes through 36 months in phakic eyes with newly diagnosed primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) naïve to therapy randomized to treatment with two trabecular micro-bypass stents or topical prostaglandin.
Subjects with POAG naïve to therapy, with intraocular pressure (IOP) ≥21 and ≤40 mmHg, were randomized to implantation of two stents or travoprost. Additional medication was to be prescribed post-treatment for elevated IOP or glaucomatous optic nerve findings. Of 101 randomized subjects, 100 subjects were followed for 24 months and 73 subjects were followed for 36 months. Follow-up on all subjects is ongoing.
In this randomized cohort of 101 POAG subjects, 54 subjects underwent 2-stent surgery and 47 received topical travoprost. Mean pre-treatment IOP was 25.5 ± 2.5 mmHg in stent-treated eyes and 25.1 ± 4.6 mmHg in medication-treated eyes. By 3 years, mean IOP was 14.6 mmHg in stent eyes (with medication added in 6 eyes) and 15.3 mmHg in travoprost eyes (with a second medication added in 11 eyes). In the subset of eyes that did not require additional medical therapy, mean IOP was 14.5 mmHg and 15.7 mmHg in the respective groups. Ninety-one percent of stent eyes had 3-year IOP ≤18 mmHg without additional therapy (62% ≤ 15 mmHg) and 79% of travoprost eyes had 3-year IOP ≤18 mmHg (21% ≤ 15 mmHg). Safety was favorable in both groups.
In this prospective, randomized comparison of subjects with newly diagnosed POAG naïve to therapy, substantial IOP reduction with a favorable low complication rate was shown through 3 years after either 2 trabecular stents implanted as the sole procedure or topical travoprost therapy. These data suggest 2-stent implantation may be a viable initial treatment option comparable to topical prostaglandin in newly diagnosed POAG patients.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT01443988.
Glaukos Corporation, Laguna Hills, CA.
Glaucoma IOP MIGS POAG Prostaglandin Trabecular bypass
To view enhanced content for this article go to http://www.medengine.com/Redeem/8D76F060234F3623.
The online version of this article (doi: 10.1007/s40123-016-0065-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
An erratum to this article is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40123-016-0068-0.
Traditionally, treatment for newly diagnosed open-angle glaucoma (OAG) has started with topical ocular hypotensive medical therapy, followed by laser trabeculoplasty. These approaches have a lower risk profile than filtering or drainage device surgery. Further, these modalities preserve ocular tissues in case more invasive surgery is eventually required.
Despite these advantages, the efficacy of medical and laser therapy is limited. Various factors may hinder the proper use of topical medications, such as side effects (e.g., ocular hyperemia, iris hyperchromia, and periorbital atrophy), cost, intolerance to topical medications, and difficulty with drop instillation [1, 2]. In addition, patient adherence to medical therapy is frequently documented to be low [3, 4, 5, 6]. In one study of 28,741 patients are naïve to glaucoma therapy, for example, 70% of patients discontinued their therapy after 1 year [3]. Such non-compliance limits the actual vs. expected effect of medical therapy and can increase the risk of disease progression, cost to patients, and cost to providers [7]. Laser procedures do not share the same challenges as topical medications, but their efficacy may be limited by short-term inflammation and long-term attrition [8].
Surgical methods addressing outflow via Schlemm's canal have evolved over the last 15–20 years, from ab externo procedures such as trabeculectomy and viscocanalostomy to modern ab interno procedures such as trabecular micro-bypass stent implantation during micro-invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) [9]. In particular, the iStent (iStent® Trabecular Micro-Bypass, Glaukos Corporation, Laguna Hills, CA, USA) is a first-in-class treatment for mild-moderate OAG and is commercially available in the United States and 28 other countries [10]. Implantation of a single iStent in conjunction with cataract surgery has been shown to safely lower intraocular pressure (IOP) and medication usage through up to 5 years postoperatively in patients with glaucoma and cataract [11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17]. Implantation of multiple iStent devices during cataract surgery or as a standalone procedure also has shown effectiveness though up to 3 years postoperatively in patients with glaucoma not controlled on previous medication regimens [18, 19, 20, 21]. MIGS with trabecular micro-bypass stents offers a highly favorable safety profile compared to more invasive traditional incisional glaucoma surgery or more recent suprachoroidal stent procedures [22, 23, 24].
To date, reports of trabecular micro-bypass stent implantation have focused on patients with mild to moderate OAG who have received prior medical or surgical treatment for their disease [11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22]. Due to its favorable safety and clinical effectiveness, however, it is possible that iStent implantation may be a suitable treatment option for patients with newly diagnosed glaucoma who are naïve to therapy and who require treatment long before they undergo cataract surgery.
To address the potential utility of iStent as initial therapy in these patients, we conducted a prospective, randomized study to evaluate the IOP-lowering effect and complication rates of implanting two iStents as a standalone procedure compared to primary medical therapy in patients recently diagnosed with OAG who had not undergone prior glaucoma treatment. An earlier report showed IOP control and favorable safety through 2 years [25]. The present report covers outcomes through 3 years.
This study was designed to enroll phakic subjects with newly diagnosed primary OAG (POAG), pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PEX), or ocular hypertension that had not undergone prior treatment of any kind. Subjects were to present at the screening exam with IOP ≥21 and ≤40 mmHg, cup to disk (C:D) ratio ≤0.9, and normal angle anatomy. The study excluded subjects with uveitic, neovascular, or angle-closure glaucoma; glaucoma associated with vascular disorders; corneal pathology or prior corneal surgery; congenital or traumatic cataract or prior cataract surgery; retinal or optic nerve disorders; or any ocular disease or condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, would place the subject at significant risk, confound study results, or interfere with study participation. Subjects with fellow eyes in clinical trials and pregnant or nursing women also were excluded.
The study site was the S.V. Malayan Opthalmology Centre in Yerevan, Armenia. Ethics committee approval was secured for conduct of the study, and subjects signed informed consent documents. The study was conducted as per the principles governing clinical research as set in the Declaration of Helsinki 1964 (as revised in 2013) and applicable ISO/GCP guidelines. The ClinicalTrials.gov registration number for this study is NCT01443988 [26].
One-hundred qualified subjects were to be randomized in a 1:1 ratio under an open-label, unmasked strategy for implantation with either two iStent devices or topical travoprost (Travatan® 0.004%; Alcon®, Fort Worth, TX, USA). Stents were implanted by one staff surgeon and a team of visiting surgeons (Appendix 1). Following treatment, subjects were scheduled to return for evaluations at day 1, week 1, and at months 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 54 and 60. Pre-treatment and post-treatment examination at each scheduled visit included measurement of IOP via Goldmann applanation tonometry, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) via decimal chart, visual field via Humphrey 24-2 Swedish Interactive Thresholding Algorithm (SITA) standard perimetry, corneal thickness via pachymetry, slit-lamp evaluation, fundus examination and clinical assessment of nerve abnormalities, C:D ratio estimation, medication status, and assessment of complications and surgical interventions. In the event of elevated IOP (e.g., >21 mmHg) or optic nerve findings' (e.g., worsened nerve appearance together with visual field progression) post-treatment, subjects were to be treated with additional therapy. This included initiating medical therapy in the stent group and administering additional medication(s) in the travoprost group.
The iStent device and implantation technique have been described in detail in previous work [12]. In brief, this single-piece, titanium, heparin-coated device has an L-shaped structure with a snorkel (inlet) on the short side which resides in the anterior chamber. The inlet opens to the half-pipe body which resides in Schlemm's canal. The stent is 1.0 mm long and 0.33 mm in height. The inlet is 0.25 mm long with a bore diameter of 0.12 mm. The implant is provided to the surgeon pre-loaded in a disposable, single-use, stainless steel inserter that allows precise stent insertion ab internally into Schlemm's canal. Once implanted, the stent is designed to create a bypass through the trabecular meshwork to Schlemm's canal to improve aqueous outflow through the physiologic natural pathway with resultant decrease in IOP.
Travoprost topical ophthalmic solution is a synthetic prostaglandin F analog. The drug works to increase uveoscleral outflow and provide subsequent IOP reduction. In this study, brand-name Travatan (Alcon, Fort Worth, TX, USA) was used. Patients were instructed to instill medication once daily in the evening at 8 pm.
We assessed mean IOP over time in all eyes regardless of additional medical therapy after the initial treatment, and mean IOP in eyes that had not received additional therapy after their initial stent or travoprost treatment. Additional efficacy analysis included the proportion of eyes that had postoperative IOP ≤18 and ≤15 mmHg without additional medical therapy. Analyses of safety consisted of assessment of adverse events and complications, visual field, C:D ratio, central corneal thickness, and BCVA through the 36-month post-treatment period.
The randomized cohort population consisted of subjects randomized to treatment with two stents or travoprost (n = 101). Analyses were performed on available eyes from the Randomized Cohort preoperatively, month 12, month 24 and month 36. Mean and standard deviation values were calculated for continuous variables.
Subject Accountability, Demographics, and Pre-Study Parameters
A total of 101 subjects (101 POAG, 1 PEX) completed the screening examination and were randomized to treatment with either two stents or with travoprost. To eliminate different diagnoses as a potential confounder, the one subject with PEX was excluded from the current analysis. Of the 101 subjects with POAG, 100 subjects completed follow-up through month 24 and 73 subjects completed follow-up through month 36.
Demographics and pre-treatment parameters are shown in Table 1. The stent and travoprost groups were similar in age (64.5 ± 11.1 vs. 62.0 ± 11.3 years, respectively), screening IOP (25.5 ± 2.5 vs. 25.1 ± 4.6 mmHg), C:D ratio (0.7 ± 0.2 vs. 0.6 ± 0.1), visual field, central corneal thickness, and BCVA. There were fewer males in the 2-stent group (25/54 or 46%) than in the medication group (32/47 or 68%). All subjects were Caucasian.
Subject demographic and pre-study parameters, randomized cohort
2-Stent group (N = 54)
Travoprost group (N = 47)
Mean (SD)
64.5 (11.1)
OD/OS
C:D ratio
Corneal thickness (µm)
552.6 (41.2)
Preop medicated IOP (mmHg)
25.5 (2.5)
BCVA (snellen)
20/40 or better
20/100 or better
BCVA best-corrected visual acuity, C:D cup to disk, IOP intraocular pressure, OD/OS right eye/left eye, SD standard deviation
Subjects experienced notable reduction of IOP following implantation of two iStent trabecular micro-bypass devices or administration of topical travoprost (Fig. 1). For the stent group, mean IOP reduced from 25.5 mmHg preoperatively to 14.6 mmHg at 3 years. For the travoprost group, mean IOP reduced from 25.1 mmHg preoperatively to 15.3 mmHg at 3 years. By month 12, medication had been added to 8 subjects (3 in stent group, 5 in travoprost group) (Table 2). An additional 4 eyes (2 per group) had medication added at or before month 24. By the month 36 exam, an additional 5 eyes (1 in stent group and 4 in travoprost group) had medication added to their original treatment. In the subset of eyes that did not require additional medical therapy, mean IOP at 3 years was 14.5 mmHg in the stent group and 15.7 mmHg in the travoprost group (Fig. 2).
Mean IOP (mmHg) and number of subjects through 3 years, available eyes of randomized cohort*. IOP intraocular pressure
Subjects with post-treatment medical therapy, randomized cohort
Subj #
Preop unmedicated IOP (mmHg)
Postop exam when med was addeda
IOP (mmHg) at exam when med was added
Medication added
Brimonidine, timolol
Tafluprost
Travoprost, timolol
Brinzolamide, timolol
IOP intraocular pressure
aDoes not reflect all study visits following treatment. The complete schedule of postoperative visits for both groups was as follows: day 1, week 1, and at months 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 54 and 60
bMedication added due to optic nerve findings
Mean IOP (mmHG) and number of subjects through 3 years in Eyes without additional medical therapy, available eyes of randomized cohort*. IOP intraocular pressure
Proportional analyses showed that 94%, 90%, and 91% of stent-treated eyes had IOP ≤18 mmHg without the need for postoperative medication at 1, 2 and 3 years, respectively, while 89%, 87% and 79% of eyes in the travoprost group achieved IOP ≤18 mmHg at these timepoints without requiring additional medical therapy. The majority (62%) of stent eyes maintained IOP ≤15 mmHg through 3 years, while a decreasing percentage (21%) of travoprost eyes maintained IOP ≤15 mmHg over the 3-year follow-up period (Fig. 3).
Proportional analysis of post-treatment IOP, percent ≤15, ≤18 mmHg without additional therapy, available eyes of randomized cohort*. IOP intraocular pressure
Safety was favorable in both groups. Two complications were reported during stent insertion in the surgery group, both of which were attributed to subject movement during surgery: one of these subjects had hyphema which resolved by day 1 and one subject had a small iridodialysis which resulted in no postoperative ocular sequelae. No other operative complications were reported.
In general, BCVA was stable over time for both groups (Fig. 4). Progression of cataract over the 3-year follow-up period was reported in 11 eyes (20%) in the stent group and 8 eyes (17%) in the travoprost group. Of these, cataract surgery was performed in 6 eyes (5 in stent group and 1 in travoprost group), with last reported BCVA of 20/40 or better in these operated eyes. In the remaining non-operated subjects, three-year BCVA was 20/40 or better in 6 eyes (2 in stent group and 4 in med group), 20/100 in 1 eye (stent group), and 20/200 in 6 eyes (3 per group). No other post-treatment adverse events were reported in either group.
Proportional analysis of BCVA through 3 years, available eyes of randomized cohort*. BCVA best-corrected visual acuity, PRE preoperative
As shown in Table 3, C:D ratio, visual field, and central corneal thickness were stable through 36 months in both groups compared to pre-treatment values.
C:D ratio, visual field, and central corneal thickness through 3 years, available eyes of randomized cohort
2-Stent group
VF: mean deviation (dB)
−7.5 (8.8)
VF: pattern standard deviation (dB)
Travoprost group
C:D cup to disk, SD standard deviation, VF visual field
The goal of this prospective, randomized study was to compare the IOP reduction and safety profile of two ab interno trabecular micro-bypass stents (iStent) vs. topical prostaglandin medication in eyes with newly diagnosed POAG. Both therapies demonstrated substantial IOP reduction through 3 years post-treatment. Without starting additional medications, IOP ≤15 mmHg was maintained in the majority of stent eyes through 3 years of follow-up, but in only a minority of medication eyes. In addition, a lower percentage of stent eyes (11.1%; 6/54) compared to travoprost eyes (23.4%; 11/47) required additional medication by 3 years. Both groups had similarly favorable safety profiles, including stable BCVA, C:D ratio, visual fields, and central corneal thickness. These data support consideration of multiple iStent implantations as a first-line treatment option comparable to topical prostaglandin for newly diagnosed POAG patients who face decisions about the management of their chronic disease.
Prior studies of trabecular micro-bypass stent implantation have focused on patients with mild to moderate OAG who have received previous medical or surgical treatment [11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]. There is a relative paucity of glaucoma studies in newly diagnosed glaucoma patients who are naïve to treatment. Thus, the present study showing clinical outcomes of 2-iStent implantation in treatment-naïve eyes fills a key gap in the literature. These findings may be increasingly relevant as more surgeons are considering iStent implantation as initial treatment for their newly diagnosed glaucoma patients.
iStent implantation as initial therapy may offer several benefits over topical medications, whose utility may be limited by issues such as side effects and patient compliance [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 27, 28, 29, 30]. Furthermore, the cost of both brand-name and generic medications places a considerable financial burden on the newly diagnosed glaucoma patient [31], thus making a longstanding surgical solution even more appealing. This may be particularly important in glaucoma patients, the majority of whom have at least one additional chronic condition requiring medication [32].
In this study, the IOP decrease in the travoprost group was greater than the 25–35% IOP reductions reported in prior work [33, 34, 35]. This may be due to medication-naïve eyes, high compliance due to study participation, and/or regression to the mean. The greater IOP reduction also may be attributed to the pre-treatment IOP level (i.e., greater IOP reduction with higher preoperative IOP), a phenomenon which has been reported previously in both treated and treatment-naïve glaucoma patients [35, 36].
There are several limitations to this study. Given the surgical vs. medical therapy study design, neither subjects nor clinicians were masked to treatment. Diurnal measurements of IOP were not performed. A pre-treatment grading of the crystalline lens was not used, and guidelines for when to perform cataract surgery were not standardized. Future work could incorporate such measures to address these study limitations, and also could encompass postoperative follow-up past 3 years. In addition, future analyses may examine the long-term cost effectiveness of iStent implantation vs. topical medication administration.
In summary, data from this prospective, randomized, controlled study provide a direct comparison of two trabecular micro-bypass stents vs. prostaglandin medical therapy in newly diagnosed POAG. In both groups, patients showed substantial IOP reduction and favorable safety through 3 years. These findings support the viability of multiple iStent implantations as an initial treatment option comparable to topical prostaglandin in newly diagnosed POAG.
The sponsor, Glaukos Corporation, Laguna Hills, CA, provided study devices, sponsorship for performing this study, publication charges, data collection, data management, data analysis, and editorial assistance in the preparation of this manuscript. Editorial assistance in the preparation of this manuscript was provided by Dana Hornbeak and Jane Ellen Giamporcaro of Glaukos Corporation. All named authors meet the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) criteria for authorship for this manuscript, take responsibility for the integrity of the work as a whole, and have given final approval to the version to be published.
S D. Vold, L. Tetz, G. Auffarth, I. Masood, L. Au, I. I. K. Ahmed, and H. Saheb received non-financial support from Glaukos for their work as investigators in the study. S. D. Vold, L. Voskanyan, and I. I. K. Ahmed received financial support from Glaukos for their work as investigators in this study. I. I. K. Ahmed received non-study financial support from Glaukos.
Compliance with Ethics Guidelines
All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of applicable ISO/GCP guidelines on human experimentation and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1964, as revised in 2013. Informed consent was obtained from all patients for being included in the study.
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
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© The Author(s) 2016
1.Vold Vision, PLLCFayettevilleUSA
2.S.V. Malayan Ophthalmology CentreYerevanArmenia
3.Berlin Eye Research Institute and Augenklinik SpreebogenBerlinGermany
4.University Hospital HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany
5.Birmingham City HospitalBirminghamUK
6.Manchester Royal Eye HospitalManchesterUK
7.University of TorontoTorontoCanada
8.McGill UniversityMontrealCanada
Vold, S.D., Voskanyan, L., Tetz, M. et al. Ophthalmol Ther (2016) 5: 161. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40123-016-0065-3
Publisher Name Springer Healthcare
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text:
"So that they may be able to live and die as good Christians": The Early History of the Nom de Jésus Hospital in Catholic Reformation Paris"
Alison Forrestal Ph.D.
The Hôpital de Nom de Jésus was an important establishment associated with Louise de Marillac, Vincent de Paul, and their communities. The Daughters of Charity were responsible for staffing this hospital beginning in1653, and it survived until the mid-eighteenth century. However, scholars have not had any records of it to study until now. Here, Alison Forrestal presents the Rule of Nom de Jésus, with an English translation, "offering a commentary on its historical context and its composition." The Rule gives scholars insight into how the hospital developed and shows concern for the corporal and spiritual well-being of those it served. During this time in France, "hospital" was a broad term that referred to "any institution that provided either shelter or medical care, or both, to pilgrims, the indigent, the ill, or the elderly on a short- or long-term basis." Sometimes such institutions forcibly confined the poor, but this was not the case with Nom de Jésus. Instead, it was a "residential home and workshop for Catholics who could not live independently because of age, infirmity, or extreme poverty." Along with the Rule, Forrestal explores the foundation and early operation of this hospital and describes the demographics of its residents.
Forrestal, Alison Ph.D. (2021) ""So that they may be able to live and die as good Christians": The Early History of the Nom de Jésus Hospital in Catholic Reformation Paris"," Vincentian Heritage Journal: Vol. 36: Iss. 1, Article 3.
Available at: https://via.library.depaul.edu/vhj/vol36/iss1/3


text:
Wonder Man (1945): Oscar-Winning Musical Movie, Starring Danny Kaye Playing Twins
June 30, 2011 by EmanuelLevy
Danny Kaye plays the first of his set of twins, a nightclub entertainer an a shy intellectual, in Bruce Humerstone's musical movie,"Wonder Man."
In this tale, scripted by Don Hartman, Melville Shavelson, and Philip Rapp, Kaye appears as timid librarian Edwin Dingle and Edwin's extroverted twin brother, nightclub entertainer Buzzy Bellew.
When Buzzy witnesses a gangland shooting, he is killed by mob boss Ten-Grand Jackson (Steve Cochran), because he knows too much. Edwin is then visited by Buzzy's ghost, who persuades his bookish brother to help track the killer and bring Jackson to justice.
Edwin's possessession by his brother's spirit causes the expected confusions and misunderstandings with Edwin's librarian girlfriend Ellen Shanley (Virginia Mayo) and with Buzzy's more outgoing girlfriend, dancer Midge Mallon (Vera-Ellen, in her feature debut).
Shot in vivid Technicolor, "Wonder Man" is considered by some to be Kaye's best Goldwyn vehicle.
Highlights include an opera spoof, an allergic rendition of "Otchi Chornya," and a vignette in which Kaye imitates all the residents of a pet shop.
The sceondary cast includes S.Z. Sakall, Otto Kruger, Natalie Schafer, Luis Alberni, Carol Haney, and Huntz Hall.
Special Effects: John Fulton, photography; A.W. Johns, sound
Sound recording: Gordon Sawyer
Song: "So in Love," music by David Rose, lyrics by Leo Robin
Scoring of Musical Picture: Lou Forbes, Ray Heindorf
Oscar Awards: 1
Oscar Context:
John Fulton is better known for his visual effects for the "Invisible Man" film series and other horror movies at Universal.
The Sound Oscar went to Stephen Dunn for the popular film "The Bells of St. Mary's." Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein II won the Song Oscar for "IT Might As Well Be You," from "State Fair." Georgie Stoll won the Scoring Oscar for the Gene Kelly vehicle, "Anchors Aweigh."
RKO Radio


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Reading aloud is a common practice in primary classrooms and is viewed as an important vehicle for vocabulary development. Read-alouds are complex instructional interactions in which teachers choose texts, identify words for instruction, and select the appropriate strategies to facilitate word learning. This study explored the complexities by examining the read-aloud practices of four primary teachers through observations and interviews.
Most beginning readers are inconsistent. Learn more about the characteristics of a beginning reader and simple techniques and tips to nurture your child's skills and joy in reading.
Libraries are great resources for families with young children; you can find books, entertainment, educational and cultural enrichment, literacy tips, and other valuable information. Here are nine reasons to visit your public library!
Reading with comprehension means understanding what's been read. It takes practice, time, and patience to develop reading comprehension skills. Here is a before-during-after approach that families can use to help children learn to read for understanding.
Honoring books for self-selection, sharing the excitement of read-alouds, building a balanced book collection, making your passions public, and providing rewards that demonstrate the value of reading are just a few simple but transformative suggestions that can nurture the love of reading in your classroom.
While parents understand the importance of reading to children, it is often a struggle to read to two. How can parents negotiate the "book wars," when one child only wants to read chapter books and the other insists on reading picture books? What can parents do when one child wants to read about dinosaurs and the other wants to read about ballerinas?
Dads play a critical role in their children's literacy development by modeling reading, sharing stories, exploring the world together, and engaging in meaningful conversations that build critical thinking skills. Here are a few suggestions to help fathers strengthen their literacy connections with preschoolers.
Read early and read often. The early years are critical to developinga lifelong love of reading. It's never too early to begin reading to your child!The tips below offer some fun ways you can help your child becomea happy and confident reader. Try a new tip each week. See whatworks best for your child.
Play with letters, words, and sounds! Having fun with language helpsyour child learn to crack the code of reading. The tips below offersome fun ways you can help your child become a happy andconfident reader. Try a new tip each week. See what works best foryour child.
Every time you pair a book with an experience, you are giving your child an opportunity to learn more about their world. Find suggestions for books and corresponding activities to extend your preschooler's reading experiences.
Many New Year's resolutions focus on developing healthy habits. Here's one that is important to make and keep: provide a regular diet of books and reading for your preschooler. Try this menu of reading activities.
Do you enjoy reading? Do you look at the newspaper? Read magazines? Go to the library? Chances are, if you do any of these activities, your preschool child is on his way to becoming a reader.
The home is the child's first classroom and parents are the first teachers. Parents who read to their children everyday and talk about what they are reading together promote a joy of reading and literacy achievement. How can teachers encourage reading at home and support the role of parents as educators? One way is through the use of our reading adventure packs — a theme-based collection of books and related interactive activities that kids bring home from school to share with their family.
As a parent of a beginning reader, it's important to support your child's reading efforts in a positive way and help them along the reading path. Here's a little information about beginning readers, and a few pointers to keep in mind.
Even the youngest child is somewhere on the path to becoming a reader. As a parent, it's important to support your child's efforts in a positive way and help him or her along the reading path. Here's a little information about emergent readers, and a few pointers to keep in mind.
Discover 20 ideas for including all students in classroom read alouds. These suggestions may work for students who need to fidget during whole-class instruction, those who need materials to keep focused, and those who require alternative ways of demonstrating attention, engagement, and interest.
Research has demonstrated that the most effective read-alouds are those where children are actively involved asking and answering questions and making predictions, rather than passively listening. This article describes in detail a technique for a three-step interactive read-aloud using sophisticated storybooks.
Bedtime stories aren't just for tiny tots: older children enjoy them, too. Here are some tips.
Your child walks like you, talks like you, and absorbs everything you do. So set the right example when it comes to reading. If you want your child to be a good reader, be one yourself!
Parents — you are your child's most important teacher! Using a few of these ideas, you can help your child enter the classroom ready to read.
Favorite stories get shared many times over. Here's some advice about how to find a good children's book and what to do once you're reading together.
Read about it, talk about it, and think about it! Find ways for yourchild to build understanding, the ultimate goal of learning how toread. The tips below offer some fun ways you can help your childbecome a happy and confident reader. Try a new tip each week. Seewhat works best for your child.
Find ways to read, write, and tell stories together with your child.Always applaud your young reader and beginning story writer! Thetips below offer some fun ways you can help your child become ahappy and confident reader. Try a new tip each week. See whatworks best for your child.
Reading with your grandchild is one of the most important activities you can do together. This article will give you some tips as to how to make the most of this special time.
Use the power of stories to explore what's different and the same, new and shared, about ourselves and our experiences. These nine books find wonderful ways to express universal themes through African Americans, both fictional and real.
Guided oral reading is an instructional strategy that can help students improve a variety of reading skills, including fluency. This article explains how to implement it in your classroom.
This article from the National PTA features ideas on how to help your school age child improve their reading skills and tips on how to develop pre-reading skills in younger children.
Parents want the best for their children. Reading can open a window on the world, bringing chances to learn, enjoy and create. Even though schools teach reading and writing, home is the first and best place for your child's love of reading to grow.
How can you help kids develop print awareness? Here are some sample questions and prompts you can use before, during, and after a read aloud activity to help children activate basic knowledge about print and books.
Combined-text books integrate a story format and an expository or informational format within one book. When used for instruction, combined-text books are best read in layers: illustrations; informational text; narrative text; and additional details, such as sketches and page borders. Addressing various layers individually during read-alouds provides a perfect opportunity to model revisiting text for various purposes.
We asked the parents and teachers who frequent our web site for their ideas about how to encourage kids, especially those who aren't excited about books, to do more reading. Thanks to all you tip-sters out there, we received tons of advice, which we've summarized in the seven tips below.
This advice for parents details what they can do to help preschoolers become readers, and help school-age children improve their reading skills.
One of the keys to helping struggling readers is to provide them with books that they can and want to read. Fiction for struggling readers must have realistic characters, readable and convincing text, and a sense of the readers' interests and needs. Non-fiction books, newspapers, magazines, even comic books can hook students on reading.
Children learn when they make connections between what they hear and what they know. One method parents can use to help make these connections is called a think aloud, where you talk through your thoughts as you read.
There's more to sharing a book than reading it aloud to your child. Here are some tips for when and how to share books, and why it is so important.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Proving that every prime $p > 2$ satisfies $p \bmod 8 = r$ for some $r\in \{1,3,5,7\}$ I am having a hard time understanding this question. I have never had any number theory and so I am lost on how to start this proof. The question is as follows.

Prove that every prime $p$ greater than $2$ satisfies $p \bmod 8 = r$, where $r$ is $1, 3, 5$, or $7$.

Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks.

A: Hint: all prime numbers greater than 2 are odd.

A: Hint $\ $ Consider the more familiar fact that a prime $\neq 2,5$ has decimal units digit one of $\,1,3,7,9$. Note that the other digits are excluded since they yield obvious proper factors, e.g. $\rm\:5\:|\:10\,n+5.$

A: From your comment, I take it that you're having difficulty figuring out what "$p\pmod 8=r$" means. One definition is that $p\pmod 8=1$, for example represents all the numbers of the form $p=8k+1$, for any integer $k$. In other words, we're talking about the set of numbers $\{\dots -15, -7, 1, 9, \dots\}$ (where the $k$ values in this case are $k=-2, -1, 0, 1$). Note that in the sequence $-15, -7, 1, 9$, all adjacent terms differ by 8, since they'll all have the same remainder when divided by 8.
Continuing this for your example, we have
$$
\begin{align}
p\pmod 8 = 1\text{ says that p is among } &\dots-15, -7, 1, 9, 17,\dots\\
p\pmod 8 = 3\text{ says that p is among } &\dots-13, -5, 3, 11, 19,\dots\\
p\pmod 8 = 5\text{ says that p is among } &\dots-11, -3, 5, 13, 21,\dots\\
p\pmod 8 = 7\text{ says that p is among } &\dots-9, -1, 7, 15, 23,\dots\\
\end{align}
$$
In other words, saying that $p\pmod 8=1, 3, 5, 7$ is exactly the same as saying that $p$ is an odd number and that's certainly true for any prime $p\ne 2$.
Test your understanding: convince yourself that any odd number $n$ we'll have $n\pmod 4=1\text{ or }3$.

A: Hmm, first, $\bmod{}$ means remainder after division.
$$7 \bmod 3 = 1 \\ 19 \bmod 8 = 3$$
Got the idea?
Now, if $n \bmod 8$ were $2$, $4$ or $6$, then that number is divisible by $2$. Hence not prime!


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Sat January 16th 2021
Home > Economy > France drops its 75% tax on very high earnings
EditorialWorldPoliticsEconomySocietyCultureScience & TechnologySportInternational Communist and Labor Press"Tribune libre"Comment and OpinionBlogsLinks
HSBC's trust deficit just the start of its woes THE RUNOFF FOR THE RICH. THE RICE GRAIN POLICY Resources: In Vittel, Water no longer Flows from the Spring Laurent Brun says: "the next phase is privatisation of the SNCF" Diplomacy from Atlanticism to Gaullism, Macron Embodies all the Lines Alternatives to uberization of labour in the making Free Trade. The Left unite against CETA Denis Durand: "To change the behavior of banks, we must take control of them" A Toxic Law, Poisonous to Health Unemployment: 84 percent of French people do not believe in the drop Taxation: Bercy softer on the definition of tax havens than Brussels Agreement on fishing in Brussels
ORIGINAL FRENCH ARTICLE: http://www.humanite.fr/suppression-...
by Eugénie Barbezat
France drops its 75% tax on very high earnings
Translated Monday 5 January 2015, by Anne Sanders
Saturday 3rd January 2015
This tax was pledged by François Hollande in his election manifesto, and is paid by businesses on salaries above 1 million euros earned by some executives. It is now in its final weeks.
This "exceptional contribution to social funds", is paid on salaries awarded to executives, on the portion where they exceed 1 million euros. It was brought in at the end of 2013 (following the rejection of a first draft at the end of 2012 by the French Constitutional council) and was intended to be a temporary measure for just 2 years, on earnings in 2013 and 2014.
Businesses subject to this tax have until 1st February to pay in full.
It should be recalled that Francois Hollande's flagship policy before the presidential election was the launch of a "fiscal revolution", as advocated by the economist Thomas Piketty, by merging the CSG (the general social security contribution) with income tax, in order to create a genuinely progressive civic tax for all.
During a visit to London in early October, the French prime minister Manuel Valls confirmed that this tax would not be extended and would therefore disappear at the beginning of 2015. This tax was Francois Hollande's key manifesto pledge, but it had been criticised in business circles and also by football clubs. "My government is pro-business", claimed the French prime minister to the City of London.
At a time when minimum social benefits in France are frozen, it is surprising that a so-called "socialist" government should not attempt to limit the highest incomes. This especially so, given that the gap in earnings between the richest and poorest continues to grow. This situation is denounced by an increasing number of economists who point out that this gap is extremely detrimental to economic growth.
(See our article : Explosion of inequality: An end to the theory of trickle-down economics)
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Tag: Father Robert Barcelos
Father Robert Elias Barcelos, OCD: The Solemnity of Our Lady of Mount Carmel
Our Lady of Mt. Carmel Feast Day Homily by Father Robert Elias Barcelos, OCD – Mount Saint Josephs Carmelite Monastery, San Jose, CA (2018)
http://thespeakroom.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Our-Lady-Of-Mt-Carmel-Celebration-July-14-2018.mp3
NOTE: Click on the triangle to play.
(Fatima, 2017)
A PRAYER
Abba, Father. We exalt you, through Yeshua, your awesome Son, our beloved Savior, who promised that we who believe in You through Him, that supernatural wellsprings would open up inside of our souls, springing up Your infinite presence.
We exalt You, Lord. We magnify You. In allowing our hearts to be exposed to Your light, and coming before Your Face in the Sacrament of the Eucharist, may the impact of Your profound mercy embrace us, Lord, for You are Emmanuel, God with us. The same yesterday, right here, right now, as You are in eternity.
Lord, overwhelm us with Your love and Your truth that we may be consumed and taken ever more deeply, and closer to You. Father, I pray in Jesus, that all our guardian angels may intercede and stand watch at our side, that all the entities that are opposed to our alliance with You may be bound, diminished, and expelled.
May the Holy Spirit saturate us in all the areas we need to be instructed and loved, to find freedom and hope. I ask Saint Gabriel, the first to announce the gospel to give us His blessing, that we may experience new birth in the Word, that Jesus may be made flesh in our humanity.
With Mary, Our Lady of Mount Carmel, we magnify you. Lord God, we come before You as our King. We ask You to come in triumph and reign. Rain down the triumph of Your Spirit. Overshadow us with the power of the Most High that we may understand how truly awesome and real, how ravishingly great you are.
Glory be to the Father, to the Son, and to the Holy Spirit, as it was in the beginning is now and ever shall be, world without end, AMEN.
May almighty God, bless us, protect us from evil and bring us to everlasting life.
Our Lady of Mount Carmel, pray for us.
(SOURCE: Opening Prayer, Young Adult Retreat 2011. "The True Rebellion of Saints")
Copyright Fr. Robert Barcelos, OCD, 2016. All Rights Reserved.
Click the image below for the Novena prayer to Our Lady of Mount Carmel, followed by: Our Father, Hail Mary, and Glory Be.
Our Lady of Mount Carmel, Mt. Saint Joseph Carmelite Monastery, San Jose, CA, Feast Day July 16
Author Teresa Linda, ocdsPosted on July 16, 2018 July 15, 2018 Categories friars speak, media, novenas, our lady of mount carmelTags Carmelite, Father Robert Barcelos, Monastery, Mount Saint Joseph, Novena, Our Lady of Mount Carmel3 Comments on Father Robert Elias Barcelos, OCD: The Solemnity of Our Lady of Mount Carmel
Father Robert Elias Barcelos, OCD: Our Lady of Mt Carmel Novena, Day 8
Photo credit: The Speakroom, (Rome 2018)
In the Book of Kings, after Elijah prayed seven times, 'the rain fell in torrents' because of Elijah's prayer. The Book of James chapter 5 says that there is power in prayer with faith than can move mountains, and it recalls Saint Elijah as an example of a powerhouse person of faith in prayer. James says, 'If you have the faith in God's promise, nothing will be impossible for you.'
'Then the rain fell in torrents' on the Mount of Carmel. This is a symbol of the outpouring of the Spirit in power. Yet before the outpouring, what happened? 'The sky grew dark with clouds and storm.' In our natural world, before the rain really comes down, it looks dark and spooky. Many times, just before a breakthrough, we need to hit rock bottom. Sometimes, when striving for the season of unprecedented favor, things get worst before they get better.
Look at the cross and resurrection. Everything escalated and there was a momentum that was building. Jesus became more and more amazing, and everyone was ready for something spectacular. The best was yet to come. But before they got there – the scandal of the cross! This totally disillusioned His followers. The persecution and the opposition became more fierce. They were expecting the best, yet the worst smacked them, as Jesus suffered before them. So too in our lives. There's a momentum of God acting. And just before the really big outpouring, come the dark clouds, the storms in our lives.
What seemed to be a terrible setback became a set-up for tremendous blessings. Trials were transformed into triumphs. St. Paul says, the proof that you are chosen and blessed is when you experience that surging of the Spirit inside; that holy longing for greater union with God; that deep spiritual desire springing up from within, reaching out toward eternity. Jesus says, 'For those who believe in me, a wellspring shall flow from their heart, reaching out into eternal life.' Saint Paul says, 'The Spirit within you cries out, Abba! Father! My Lord, and my God!'
Jesus Christ is Lord, and to say it from the deepest part of yourself, because there has been an encounter that has brought about a conviction from experience is the proof, He says, that 'You are blessed. You belong to me, the Lord God of hosts.' When you are able to taste that, there are moments that are so good that you cannot help but say, 'I never knew life could be this good. I never knew it could be this good. Somebody catch me because I'm falling in love!' When God's Holy Spirit comes upon us, we begin to fall in love with God.
Saint Paul says, 'We are no longer slaves.' We're no longer fans of Jesus – we're friends. We are no longer a Catholic because of culture or obligation, but because of conviction, which has brought about the most amazing celebration. You have to fan the flames and don't let nothing or nobody stop you from being a child of God, the saint you are made to be. Harness the chariot. Get ready. It's not going to be easy, but don't let anything stop you from getting to the top of Mount Carmel, from living your God-given purpose.
One great Carmelite said, 'The ascent is arduous, but the summit is bathed in sunlight.' God bless you. Our Lady of Mount Carmel, pray for us.
(SOURCE: Feast of OLMC, Saint Therése Church, Alhambra, CA)
Author Teresa Linda, ocdsPosted on July 15, 2018 July 11, 2018 Categories novenas, our lady of mount carmelTags Carmelite, Father Robert Barcelos, Monastery, Mount Saint Joseph, Novena, Our Lady of Mount CarmelLeave a comment on Father Robert Elias Barcelos, OCD: Our Lady of Mt Carmel Novena, Day 8
Photo credit: The Speakroom (Rome, 2018)
In living out our vocation, we must always remember the lesson taught to us by St. Elijah's faithfulness of prayer on the Mount of Carmel. The spirit realm precedes everything that comes to pass in the natural realm. We have to be totally convinced of God's presence and His purpose for our life, as active in our lives. We have to believe it in our hearts and receive it. Once that belief has taken root in our minds, and taken shape in our hearts, God's plan for us will begin to happen.
You have to believe it here, in your heart, before it can take shape out there, in the situations of your life. We need to be ripe to receive what God has promised. There's an appointed time. Some of us have not received the greater outpouring of the Spirit because we're not ready for it yet.
In the Acts of the Apostles, before Pentecost, in the first chapter, Jesus says to his apostles, 'I want you to prepare yourselves for the promise of the Father, who will come upon you with power.' And they said, 'Really? When is it going to happen? When are you going to do this? When are you going to do that?' But Jesus replies, 'Wait, hold on! It's not for you to know times and seasons.' They were trying to fit God into their calendar. They wanted to know the details of how God was going to do what He was going to do. Jesus says to them, 'I promise to bless you abundantly, but not necessarily according to your expectations or schedule. You're not going to know the time, or the season, but I will be there.'
'I will be with you. I promise.'
Our Lady of Mount Carmel, pray for us. (to be continued)
Carmelite Monastery, Cebu Philippines
What does the title, Our Lady of Mount Carmel, represent? How does this title fit and represent Mary? Our Lady is the patroness of contemplatives. Through the title of Our Lady of Mount Carmel, we seek her assistance through our contemplative lives.
Our Church has several litanies of Our Lord and of the Blessed Mother, which try to express the grandeurs of the grace of God. Contemplating and praying the litanies is like looking at a crystal, and looking at the Son and Our Lady at different angles. The Litany to Our Lady of Mount Carmel, or the Litany of Loreto, for example attempt to give us a glimpse of who Mary is in God's eyes.
However, these litanies cannot express it all. In God's eyes, Mary is tremendous and we can never give her more honor than the honor that Jesus gave to her. Our separated brothers and sisters have a genuine love for Our Lord, but they do not understand why we place so much importance in Mary. But as a vessel for our Lord, she surpasses every human being in purity and perfection.
Think of Mary in Scripture. There, she is depicted as trustful and pondering on the Word. When Simeon told her that a sword would pierce her heart, she remains quiet, and 'keeps these things in her heart.' At the foot of the crucified Christ, she 'wept' silently, yet she never turns her eyes away from her son. We too must be trusting, silent, obedient, and clinging to the promise of God's presence. She is the patroness of those seeking union and quiet in God.
The meaning of the word, Carmel, is 'The garden of God.' Carem – el. Carem means garden, a lush orchard; el stands for Elohim. Those of you who have visited the Holy Land know that Mount Carmel is not just a single mountain. Carmel is a whole mountain range that runs alongside the Mediterranean Sea. It has the highest elevation and its soil is very rich. Lush flowers and plants can be found there, a fertile ground for life. From the time of Elijah to today, people have sought the mountain of Carmel for prayer, and to seek union with God.
Part of living the contemplative life is for our soul to be a fertile ground and soil so that our lives may bear fruit through grace. Mary is the model and guide par excellence, for this life of love and contemplation. She still had to endure the pain of obscurity and suffering, but through her life of prayer and obedience, her beauty stands out among humans as magnificent and insurpassable. We too, as followers of Christ are called to be bathed in the beauty of God's glory. Our Lady of Mount Carmel, pray for us.
(Source: May Santa Clara OCDS Meeting)
Our Lady of Mt Carmel, Feast Day July 16
Mt. Saint Joseph Carmelite Monastery, San Jose, CA
Author Teresa Linda, ocdsPosted on July 12, 2018 July 11, 2018 Categories novenas, our lady of mount carmelTags Carmelites, Father Robert Barcelos, Mary, Mount CarmelLeave a comment on Father Robert Elias Barcelos, OCD: Our Lady of Mt Carmel Novena, Day 5


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Mandya Lok Sabha constituency of Karnataka: Full list of candidates, polling dates
Here is the full list of candidates from Mandya Lok Sabha constituency of Karnataka.
Mandya constituency is one of the 28 Lok Sabha constituencies in the Southern state of Karnataka. Voting here for the 2019 Lok Sabha election took place on April 18. The result will be out on May 23.
Mandya registered 14.08 per cent voter turnout in Lok Sabha Election 2019, a loss of 11.62 per cent from 2014. The total number of electors in the constituency is 1293957 while 182190 came out to exercise their franchise. While in 2014, the constituency registered 25.70 per cent voter turnout. The total number of electors in the constituency was 1204958 while 309696 voted.
Nikhil Kumaraswamy of Janata Dal (Secular), Nanjundaswamy of Bahujan Samaj Party, Kowdle Channappa of Janata Dal (United), Gurulingaiah of Indian New Congress Party and Kowdle Channappa of Samajwadi Party are some prominent candidates contesting for the general election 2019 from Mandya Lok Sabha constituency in Karnataka.
Here is the full list of candidates from Mandya Lok Sabha constituency of Karnataka:
Karnataka Lok Sabha constituencies: All you need to know
1 NIKHIL KUMARASWAMY Janata Dal (Secular)
2 NANJUNDASWAMY Bahujan Samaj Party
3 KOWDLE CHANNAPPA Janata Dal (United)
4 GURULINGAIAH Indian New Congress Party
5 KOWDLE CHANNAPPA Samajwadi Party
6 D.C. JAYASHANKARA Aihra National Party
7 DIVAKAR.C.P.GOWDA Uttama Prajaakeeya Party
8 SANTHOSH MANDYA GOWDA Engineers Party
9 ARVIND PREMANAND Independent
10 KOWDLE CHANNAPPA Independent
11 T.K. DASAR Independent
12 H.NARAYANA Independent
13 PUTTEGOWDA.N.C. Independent
14 PREMAKUMARA .V.V Independent
15 MANJUNATH B Independent
16 G. MANJUNATH Independent
17 LINGEGOWDA S H Independent
18 C. LINGEGOWDA Independent
19 M.L. SHASHIKUMAR Independent
20 SATHEESH KUMAR .T.N Independent
21 SUMALATHA Independent
22 SUMALATHA AMBAREESH Independent
23 M. SUMALATHA Independent
Also read: Mandya Lok Sabha constituency
Mandya constituency covers eight assembly segments – Malavalli which is reserved for the members of Scheduled caste, Maddur, Melukote, Mandya, Srirangapatna, Nagamangala, Krishnarajpet and Krishnarajanagara.
In the 2014 Lok Sabha election, C. S. Puttaraju of the Janata Dal (Secular) had defeated Ramya of the Indian National Congress.
Lok Sabha election 2019general election 2019India election 2019MandyaKarnataka Lok Sabha constituencyMandya Lok Sabha constituency
Mysore Lok Sabha Constituency