text:
'Dancing with the Stars' recap: Hometown Glory — Part 2
in Dancing with the Stars
I thought last night's episode of Dancing with the Stars was a repeat of Monday night because I saw "Hometown Glory" in the description portion of my handy DVR. Luckily, I was watching (dare I say cringing?) through The Muppets and was still a little disappointed with Kermit using the term "sexy" when Tom Bergeron popped up on my screen to announce that the SECOND ROUND of Hometown Glory was seconds away. This time the pros well up with emotion when they tell stories of their childhood.
Well—the pros who came from Russia, Kosovo, the Ukraine, Australia and various European countries will tear up. The three from Utah lived All-American lives growing up and they are going to dance with patriotic flare, no matter how crotchety Carrie Ann's critiques can be. Let's go!
Emma and Hayes
Hometown: Tamworth, England
Dance: Quickstep
Sweet Emma tries to school young Hayes in a few British words before class. She explains that a "spotted dick" is a traditional dessert and has not idea why the 15-year-old boy started laughing while reaching for is smart phone device. Whatever. Emma is a professional. She teaches him the quickstep, which he learns in five seconds. The wardrobe department dresses them in spatter paint outfits while they skipped around the dance floor to "Are You Going To Be My Girl" by Jet. Full disclosure: I was just about to type, "Nothing says the '80s like spatter paint and a fun pop song by The Jetts!" when I paused. I just assumed this was a song by The Jetts that I had never heard before. Upon a quick Google search, I discovered that this song came out in 2003 by a rock band called Jet. This makes all the sense in the world since Emma is not a 40-year-old like me. I sure hope someone has introduced her to the vocal stylings of The Jetts and "Crush On You." She needs that in her iTunes.
Witney and Carlos
Hometown: American Fork, Utah
Dance: Cha Cha
Witney has known fellow pro Lindsay and JV dancer Jenna since they were nine-years-old. She started watching DWTS when she was 11 and once those words escaped her mouth, everyone collectively felt old. Good for Witney for going after her dreams! I just think her old timely saloon version of "Hound Dog" was about as random as her cracked out pink tutu. Call me crazy, but didn't that thing have a Miss Havisham vibe going on? My favorite part was when Carrie Ann told Carlos that she was not impressed and the camera cuts to Alexa standing backstage giving her this "oh no you didn't" look. Hilarious.
Anna and Gary
Hometown: Chelyabinsk, Russia
Dance: Paso Doble
Anna has the cutest parents ever. She also made Gary dance to Tchaikovsky's Overture 1812. I'd like the record to show that thanks to music memory in sixth grade, I did not have to look up how to correctly spell Tchaikovsky. I KNEW IT. I thought that little tidbit would be more entertaining to read than detailing the very pitiful, mediocre dance steps of this sad paso. PS: Anna is sooooooooo over everyone loving Gary's wackiness. Bless her.
Allison and Andy
Hometown: Los Angeles, California
Dance: Contemporary
Allison brings her husband in to give Andy a little pep talk. I was a little embarrassed when he asked Twitch (a well-known dancer and deejay on the Ellen Show) if he danced. Whoopsie. Have you not seen any of the Step Up franchise movies? I think Andy needs to get out more. Allison takes him through the flowing, fluid steps and even choreographs the proper facial expressions. That girl loves a pained face, am I right? They danced to "Heaven is a Place On Earth." He threw her around. She through him around. She climbs up on his back at the end to give one last look of longing. The audience claps, the judges judge and then she grabs her kid and hauls her up to the balcony for their scores. There was some discrepancy with a lift but I wasn't invested enough to rewind and see what all the Carrie Ann fuss was about.
Mark and Alexa
Hometown: England
Dance: Rumba
Of course Mark would dedicate the "dance of love" to his parents. Let's put a pin on the fact that that is definitely weird. The non-weird part is that his parents were ballroom champions and he choreographs a specific move that Shirley Ballas is known for. And guess what? She's going to be in the audience! No pressure Alexa. With his man bun in place, Mark glides and swivels his way across the floor to "Somewhere In Time." It was an instrumental piece that meant a lot to Mark, but the audience couldn't connect because two-percent of the people there have probably seen that movie. There were lots of fetal positions, foreheads to foreheads, heads in crooks of necks and Carlos crying in the balcony. Of course Carrie Ann hated it.
Louis and Paula
Hometown: Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Dance: Tango
Louis moved to New York City to pursue Broadway. Instead, he found Karina, Max and Val and started teaching ballroom. And old picture of Louis with a glorious blond ponytail was the highlight of the night. His gold lame jacket was a close second. He sort of tango'd to "Get Ready" by The Temptations. The dance moved at a glacial pace. Paula somehow still managed to miss the choreography. Carrie Ann hated it.
Derek and Bindi
Hometown: Utah and England
Dance: Waltz
Derek and Julianne moved to England to study under that Ballas family. That's why they formed a trio back in the day. He chose "Only a Man" as his emotional track and even started in a vulnerable crouched position. Bindi connected to his pain (?!) and they twisted around in a cloud of Bindi's pink, billowy gown. They did that Dirty Dancing drag. You know the one that Johnny and Penny busted out at Kellermans? Except Bindi didn't put her foot on Derek's shoulder and lean back as he drug her across the floor. It was a normal drag. Of course she lifted her feet at one point and Carrie Ann had to deduct a jillion points. Derek didn't care because he knows they will win.
Tony and Kim
Hometown: Kosovo
Dance: Foxtrot
Tony became emotional when talking about growing up in a war-torn country. Dance was his escape. I wanted to escape the parachute pants Kim wore in rehearsal, but that didn't happen. They dressed in head-to-toe depressing grey to "Come Home" by OneRepublic. Kim's boobs were out and proud. They also performed the Dirty Dancing drag, which had to be a little embarrassing since we just saw it. It was okay, which means it was really good for Kim. Carrie Ann hated it.
Lindsay and Alek
Hometown: Provo, Utah
Lindsay is an "American Girl" and had the coolest American dress. The inside/underside of her skirt was the stripe part of the flag and his pants had blue stars down the side. God bless America! I think they messed up a few times, but I was too busy singing "Star-Spangled Banner" to care. I love this guy. I still want him to date Bindi. Someone make that happen.
Karina and Victor
Hometown: Ukraine and New York
Karina's mom looks younger than Karina. Seriously. She is so tiny and adorable. Karina chose "Girl On Fire" as her dance number because it portrays "the spirit of a woman who doesn't give up." That's a great attitude to have when you're dancing the rumba with a man who is at chest level. In fact, that huge detail actually helped. And nothing says "show me sultry" like open shirt night for Victor. When she picked up the piece of red cloth, it all became very discombobulated. When it ended with Victor staring directly into Karina's crotch area, weird went out the window in exchange for inappropriate for primetime television.
Sharna and Nick
Hometown: Australia
Sharna is from Australia and her family can't really visit her because of health issues. That made me sad for her. Nick promised to "be there" for her in the dance and in life. Oh the levels we reach on this show! So many layers! They danced to "I'm Coming Home" and it was pretty good. The judges LOVED it. Bruno called the Backstreet Boy by the name of Nicky and that made me happier than it should have.
Val and Tamar
Hometown: New York City (originally Ukraine)
Dance: Charleston
Val refuses to cry on TV even when he tells the camera how much he loves his parents for coming to America so their kids could have a life. He tells Tamar that their dance is a bit of a "cat and mouse" type routine. She comes over to his house to beg him back. This is where Tamar has a problem. "I wouldn't ever beg a guy back. Why don't you come to my house and beg me back?" Again—this is why we love Tamar. She and Val bicker back and forth. It has to make sense to Tamar to be able to sell the moment. They get everything worked out and the routine ends up pretty cute. Val gets rid of his shirt by throwing it in the audience on the first eight-count. Excuse me while I check EBAY.
To no one's surprise, it was Gary and Victor who ended up with red spotlights in their faces. It was Victor who went home. I completely understand America's decision to send him packing. Of course that means one more week of Gary. What will he say and do next week?!
Tags: ABC Dancing with the Stars, Bindi and Derek, Bindi Irwin, Carlos and Alexa, Dancing with the Stars, Dancing with the Stars recap, DWTS, DWTS recap, Gary Busey, Lindsay and Alek
Cindy S
Somewhere in Time. One of my all time favorite movies and soundtracks.
Lincee(@admin)
Reply to Cindy S
Isn't is wonderful?
Who doesn't want to see Gary butcher the next dance? Who doesn't get a total kick out of the guy? He is the comic relief this season, hands down! This is not a dancing competition but a popularity contest and if anyone doesn't realize that by now they're nuts!
Reply to Laura
Exactly Laura.
it's-all-about-love
"…this is why we love Tamar."
Definitely NOT in on that "we" thing, Lincee.
At risk of PC fury raining down on me, I feel compelled to point out that most of the black female entertainers who have appeared on DWTS in recent years seem to have what I would describe as an aggressive, rather nasty, and easily offended attitude. I find it really off-putting.
As the father of a very confident, accomplished, and loving daughter, I'm all about self-assured women, but that's very different from the in-your-face stuff that just seems low class.
Reply to it's-all-about-love
The way I receive it is playful banter between Tamar and Val. I think she's giving him a taste of what it's like for women NOT to fall all over him. I could be totally wrong though. She seems to be having a ball!
malgorzata
Linzie, I am a very enthusiastic reader of yours. Love you blogging style, especially the playful way you have with words and grammar of the English language. Naturally, I read you with a studious mind and what struck me in your latest recap, a little mish-mash and lack of consistency in presenting HOMETOWNS of our DWTS' pros. Here is my list of "neglected" six : 1. Sharna is from Wagga, Wagga (or at least: New South Wales), Australia. It is a huge country , as big as mainland USA!
2.Mark 's hometown is Houston, TX. He is an American national. London, United Kingdom, (not England) is where he was growing up since his mom is British;
3. Derek, hometown: Salt Lake City, Utah; moved to London, UK, around 10;
4.Karina, hometown: Kharkiev, Ukraine, as a preteen moved to New York, USA.
5.Val, home is Odessa, Ukraine, and later on, New York City, USA
6. Tony, hometown: Pristina, country of Kosovo (since 2008) The time he was born , the entire area was part of Yugoslavia. Tony is Albanian.
All three of them are naturalized American citizens.
Hope you find it worth mentioning. With huge thanks.
Reply to malgorzata
Thanks for the details, malgorzata. It sounds like you did a lot of research that went beyond the show! You are a true fan!
Should address you: Lincee
My apology for the errror; it was unintentional and noticed too late. I am Sorry.
Not a problem!
Edited : Lincee
Apologies for the incorrect use.
Ndan
در 4:07 pmgoli میگوید:man anaslan dus nadaram ezdevaj konam 24 salame vali khanevadam tahte feshar mizaranam migan injuri nemishenemidunam bayad chejuri ghanashun konam be khatere shekaste eshghi ke dashtam mitarsam az ezdevaj
Dancing with the Stars Recap: Nitty Gritty
Dancing with the Stars Recap 2020 |Double Elimination Week |…
'Dancing with the Stars' Recap: Bad Girl
Dancing with the Stars Recap 2020Villain Night This week, I've decided…
'Dancing with the Stars' Recap: So Many Tears
Dancing with the Stars Recap 2020 |Season 29, Episode 6…


text:
Three artillery
Home Food 2018-10-13
The three cannons are famous Sichuan traditional snacks, mainly made of glutinous rice, because when throwing glutinous rice dumplings, the three cannons, like "bullets", emit "when, when" sounds, divided into "iron cannon", "artillery", "gun", and "gun", so it is called "three cannons".
Eat with "old shade tea". The three artillery has the characteristics of sweet, delicious, non greasy, non sticky and slag, and cheap and fine. The main ingredients of the three cannons are glutinous rice, brown sugar, sesame and soybeans. They taste sweet. The three cannons are not cold food. When they are sold, the semi-finished bamboo sauce is put into the pot and heated on the stove to keep it warm. It is made when you eat it.
The three cannons are glutinous rice made of a diet, but also in the old "flower party" when there is a special form of sale of "bamboo glutinous rice". Since there are only three tablets in each portion, and now a large one has been caught in a hot pot and divided into three small tablets, it is now forced to fall to the center of the board.
Because there are steel dishes on one side of the case board, the metal sound is made when the case board is shaken, and only three "bang bang" sounds are heard. The bamboo has already flew to the opposite side of the inclined bamboo bump and rolled into the bamboo bump filled with sesame powder and soybean powder. The other person picks up the bamboo bump into the plate (at this time the bamboo bump has been naturally coated with a layer of powder). Then pour the thick juice into the hands of the diners.
"Three Cannons" got its name here. This "performance" scene, which can only be seen in the "flower party", was soon accepted by the delicious and fresh-loving people in Chengdu. Business flourished naturally, so it soon became known as the "flower party food bully" along with the then Zhang Liangfen and candy and candy candies. The three cannons are not cold food. When they are sold, the semi-finished bamboo sauce is put into the pot and heated on the stove to keep it warm. It is made when you eat it. Those who used to eat three cannons knew that the three lump of cake in the dish was still warm at the entrance. It has the characteristics of sweet, tasty, non greasy, non sticky and slagging, and is cheap and fine.
Reference: glutinous rice steamed after soaking, the same as that of Chong, but not too thin. Brown sugar steamed, soybeans, sesame fried fry powder and both.
The "three cannons" in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, are the most colorful in the kingdom of snacks and belong to the performing type of cuisine. Every year the traditional Qingyang Temple Flower Festival, all kinds of snacks and spring flowers compete for beauty, bustling. At this point, it is also the time when "three cannons" display their skills. The more people there are, the more competitive they are. Because it can not only arouse people's sense of smell, but also mobilize people's hearing. First of all, the atmosphere of the producer can attract a group of diners, especially the young customers.
On a wooden plank, 12 copper plates are placed, 22 are stacked, and the others are ranked. Underneath the board was a steaming iron pot filled with cooked, sticky rice with a mallet. A strong man kept pulling a handful of glutinous rice glutinous rice glutinous rice glutinous rice glutinous rice glutinous rice glutinous rice glutinous rice glutinous rice glutinous rice glutinous rice glutinous rice glutinous rice glutinous rice glutinous rice glutinous rice glutinous rice glutinous rice glutinous rice glutinous rice glutinous rice glutinous rice glutinous rice glutinous rice GL The bamboo glutinous rice sprang from the board and jumped into the dustpan with soybean flour above the board. It made three "bump, bump, bump" sounds, such as the sound of guns. Then from the dustpan to pick the rice dumplings every three platters, poured brown sugar, sprinkled with sesame, that is, for the "three cannons" snack. No wonder Ms. Li Xiuzhuan, known as a "citizen of the world," said after watching the production performance of the three cannons: "The world is really wonderful, do not see do not know. Chengdu has such a lively snack! It's really an eye opener.
Of course, the "three cannons" brown sugar baking, not only to entertain customers with performances, its soft glutinous, sweet and fragrant, will certainly let the eater for a long time to forget. There are many stores in Chengdu that make three candies and brown sugar. In 1990, Chengdu Municipal Government assessed Fujian Mouse Cave and awarded it the title of "Chengdu Famous Snack" with three cannons. The three cannons made by Li Changqing in Shuangliu County of Chengdu City are from his ancestors. In June 1990, he won the traditional prize at the 2nd Chengdu Famous Individual Snacks Evaluation Exhibition. In 1989, Li Changqing went to Guangzhou to present his art and shocked the city of Wuyang with one shot, which made Cantonese who loved sweet food praise Chengdu snacks for its "four surprises in skill, and the art overwhelms the masses".
 Sichuan Chengdu
Prev:Long Chao Shou
Next:Sliced beef and ox organs in chili sauce
Ruoergai CountyZoige County
Yulong Snow Mountain
Qinghai Lake
Altai mountains
Changchun World Sculpture Park
Arctic Village Tourism Scenic Area
Confucius Temple
Heng Dian World Studios
Heilongjiang Science and Technology Museum
Sliced Fish in Hot Chili Oil
Pineapple Sweet and Sour Pork
Shantou beef ball
Fish in sour soup
Wonton Noodle
Five city tea driedWucheng Dried Tea
Pearl rice paste

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Srinagar: Commenting on continuous ceasefire violations in Jammu and Kashmir, the Indian Border Security Force (BSF) on Thursday said that Pakistan restores to continuous firing across the border because they don't want India to have a peaceful atmosphere.
"Pakistan doesn't want India to have a peaceful atmosphere. This is why they do such violations. There was a ceasefire violation yesterday too," Sonali Mishra, Inspector General of BSF told ANI.
Mishra further said that the Border Security Forces and Army have given a befitting reply to the Pakistani troops. "BSF and Army gave a befitting reply and according to our reliable sources there are two casualties on their side," added Mishra.
The situation along Line of control (LoC) and International border remains tense. Both Indian and Pakistan are violating the ceasefire agreement and thousands of civilians have been evacuated near Line of Control (LoC) and International border.
Reports of ceasefire violations come from Jammu sector, including Poonch and Rajouri, and now ceasefire violations are taking place in north Kashmir's Tangdhar and Uri sectors as well.


Though short term it may be profitable for the few, long-term it is hazardous for all. View these great tips on writing a school/college essay to get more information.
One of the most visited destinations in the Philippines, Boracay is famous for its beautiful beaches and great parties. Brochures and other forms of written information were translated into..
Theres nothing deeper to dig into. And thats perfectly fine! In an interview with. Mystery Men soundtrack and winning the hearts of the internet in the process. Everything..
homework for school?(Sparks 1). Students should be forced to complete volunteer work in order to graduate because it will teach them invaluable skills and broaden their views. President Bush thought it important enough to address it in his state of the union address. Homeless shelters welcome volunteers and has a variety of ways you could help. At first, students who dislike volunteering just do that as their duties.However, after spending time serving the community, they recognize that they like this work and they want to do that more and more. Please be very picky and help me add longer and more complicated vocabulary. However, when he saw many children who are optimistic though they are blind and deaf,. 2013., click the button above to view the complete essay, speech, term paper, or research paper. Volunteering is an opportunity for them to explore their life and see the world with a different set of eyes. She anxiously wakes up her husband John, and the two of them quickly gather their things. Therefore, although volunteering is required by the school, it brings many challenges for students to achieve and study.
Volunteering until they do a mandatory volunteering ; however, they ignore that volunteering is a personal choice and students may become resentful with volunteering in their future. Good details and good job of writing formally, however maybe you could include some statistics or research. For example, you could find statistics on the effects of mandatory volunteering. Volunteer work is the simplest and basic of labor there is, providing barely any experience that would benefit someone in the future.
Until finally.1 where the heart is essay Pixar's fourth rule of storytelling In a stunning turn of events, a superhero is being sued for saving someone who didn't want to be saved.2 As with many Pixar movies, The Incredibles' main plot is based entirely around irony. After completing the required hours, a lot of students discover that helping someone is their true passion. Better Essays 1245 words (3.6 pages) - In general, a discrepancy between appearances and reality is irony. Better Essays 656 words (1.9 pages) - Literature allows people to experience and learn lifes lessons through text. Volunteering promotes interaction with people of different kinds, sharpening communication and social skills.
Anybody can get the work done, so it makes no sense that the most educated ones are stuck doing.
Mandatory volunteering rule has been the reason for slow community development in the country.
This policy applied on the high school students to spend a given amount of their time in offering free services to the community, has been received with mixed reactions from the students with most of them developing negative attitudes towards work.
Volunteering to Help Others, essay - Throughout history, volunteering has evolved into a cultural connection; a common characteristic of humans on a local, national, and global level is the desire to help one another.
Volunteering Essay Volunteering is a responsible work which requires time, effort, and talent but gives an exciting impressions, helps to meet new people, acquaintances and gives an opportunity to help those in need.


text:
Ion Beam Technology
Sort By: Default Business Name Business Country Date posted Date last modified
4Wave Inc., Sterling VA, USA
Address: 22660 Executive Drive Suite 101, Sterling, VA 20166, USA
Coatings & Thin Films, Ion Beam Technology, Metals & Alloys, Nanotechnology, Optics & Photonics, Semiconductors
4Wave is a global company with products in North America (US and Canada), Europe and Asia. 4Wave offers products and solutions to various markets including Semiconductor, MEMS (Micro-Electromechanical Systems), Data Storage and thin film optics.
4Wave is the industry leader in thin film nanotechnology material science and products. Our core technology is Ion Beam technology and Biased target technology. 4Wave offers the most advanced and cost efficient technologies for Ion Beam Etching (IBE), Ion Beam deposition sputtering (IBS) and Biased Target Sputtering BTS. 4Wave is the industry leader in the development of thin film processes and applications.
Ion Beam Sputtering Cluster Tool
Laboratory Alloy and Nanolayer System (LANS)
Load Lock Etch System
Planetary Etch System (PSIBE)
Z-Flex System
Equipment Refurbishment
Optical Thin Film Coatings
Thin Film Processing
Biased Target Sputtering (BTS)
Direct Ion Beam Deposition
In-Situ Process Monitoring
Ion Assisted Evaporation
Ion Beam Sputtering
http://www.4waveinc.com
Business Phone or Fax:
Business Product Tags:
Ion Beam Sputtering Cluster Tool, Laboratory Alloy and Nanolayer System (LANS), Load Lock Etch System, Planetary Etch System (PSIBE), Z-Flex System
Ansgtrom Scientific, Ramsey NJ, USA
Address: PO Box 663, Ramsey, NJ 07446, USA
Coatings & Thin Films, Electron Microscopy, Ion Beam Technology, Mechanical Properties Testing, Microscopy, Nanotechnology, Optical Metrology, Particle Characterization, Sample Preparation & Handling, Semiconductors, Surface Engineering & Metrology, Vacuum Technology, X-Ray Analytical Techniques
Angstrom Scientific Inc. is a distributor and manufacturer's representative, focused on providing characterization solutions to the nanotech marketplace in the Americas. Companies represented:
BioNavis:
Provides surface analysis solutions in a number of key application areas.
DEBEN:
Deben manufactures innovative accessories for SEM's and TEM's, along with a large range of in-situ tensile testing stages for use with Optical Microscopes, X-Ray CT and XRD systems.
DENSsolutions:
DENSsolution is a leading supplier of top quality sample management solutions to enable atomic resolution, dynamic in-situ electron microscopy.
Encapsulix:
Encapsulix addresses the geometric scaling of critical Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) requirements for industrial & microelectronic devices and films. Initial process focus is in thin Al2O3, TiO2 and ZnO specifically for encapsulation and barrier coatings.
Hitachi Nanotechnology Systems Division:
Hitachi Nanotechnology Systems Division (NSD) supportscustomers with a wide range of instrumentation, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), analytical and biological transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dedicated STEM, Focused Ion Beam (FIB), tabletop microscopes, and microanalysis sample preparation systems.
Jordan Valley:
Jordan Valley Semiconductors Ltd. provides metrology solutions for thin films based on novel, rapid, non-contacting and non-destructive X-ray technology.
Kleindiek Nanotechnik
Kleindiek Nanotechnik offers a new level of precision in manipulation, probing, and characterization of nano-materials and semiconductors
Mel-build:
Mel-Build provides a wide verity of specialized holders for Transmission Electron Microscopes.
Microtrac:
Microtrac strives to provide the materials characterization world with innovative, reliable, and repeatable particle size, particle shape, particle charge, and surface area analysis instrumentation.
XEI Scientific:
XEI Scientific, Inc.provides an effective way to gently clean scanning electron microscopes (SEMs), focused ion beams (FIBs) and other vacuum systems.
Asahi Spectra USA, Torrance CA, USA
Address: 23505 Crenshaw Boulevard, Suite 229, Torrance, CA 90505, USA
Bio, Medical & Pharma Materials, Coatings & Thin Films, Ion Beam Technology, Optical Materials, Semiconductors, Thermo-mechanical Testing, Vacuum Technology
Asahi Spectra Co. (ASC) was founded in 1970 in Tokyo, Japan by 3 engineers. ASC has been developing a vacuum deposition technology such as ion assisted deposition (IAD) and ion beam sputtering (IBS) , which achieve hard coating, excellent durability for environment (humidity, low or high temperature, thermal shock or vacuum) and stability of spectral performance. By now our optical filters have contributed in various markets such as astronomy, semiconductor, biotechnology, education and so on.
Nowadays, customer requirements are becoming more complicated as optical innovation advances, and most requirements cannot be satisfied by just optical filter technology. So we have been trying to expand our field to optical instruments based on our 40 years accumulated optical know-how as you can see how professional our optical instruments are.
Our integrated manufacturing process by both filter and instrument specialists is the most competitive advantage against "other only-optical-filter makers".
Asahi Spectra USA Inc. was established in January, 2005 in California in order to distribute the Asahi Spectra brand in USA and all over the world. Major Customers in the US include:
http://www.asahi-spectra.com/
Denton Vacuum LLC, Beijing, China & Moorestown NJ, USA
Address: 1259 North Church St. Bldg 3, Moorestown, NJ 08057, USA
Coatings & Thin Films, Ion Beam Technology, Optics & Photonics, Plasma Technology, Semiconductors, Solar Cell Technology, Vacuum Technology
Denton Vacuum transforms barriers into thin-film technology breakthroughs for customers across the globe in providing vacuum deposition systems. With operations in the United States and China, Denton engineers, designs and develops systems that precision-coat aerospace components, advanced optics, medical implants, solar cells, semiconductor devices and much more. Denton's technology portfolio includes thermal evaporation, ion beam etching, ion-beam-assisted evaporation, plasma-enhanced-chemical-vapor deposition (PECVD), and ion-beam-assisted deposition (IBAD) and e-beam evaporation and magnetron sputtering system (including reactive sputtering). Denton also provides value-added services and lifetime support that set new industry standards. Fifty years of tireless innovation have produced robust offerings ranging from high-volume production platforms to unique custom-engineered systems.
Ion Beam Assisted Deposition
Ion Beam Etchning
PECVD
Magnetron Sputtering
Reactive Beam Etch
Thermal Evaporation
http://www.dentonvacuum.com
Intlvac Thin Film, Niagara Falls NY, USA
Address: 1845 Maryland Ave., Niagara Falls, NY 14305, USA
Coatings & Thin Films, Diamond, Electron Beam Technology, Fibers & Filaments, Ion Beam Technology, Metals & Alloys, Optical Materials, Optics & Photonics, Plasma Technology, Vacuum Technology
We have a long standing commitment to quality and excellence in the high vacuum industry. Started in 1967 the company is a leader in manufacture of high vacuum equipment for thin film coating and etching.
Intlvac Thin Film's primary goal is to deliver value-added solutions that exceed the expectations of simple PVD and Ion Beam Sputter/Etch machine manufacturing and installation.
We started exporting our systems around the world in 2001, and now have equipment installed across the US, and in Canada, Malaysia, Singapore, Australia, and Israel.
Research and development play a major role in our technology's edge in the market. Our in-house development lab designs, engineers and manufactures machinery used for Physical Vapor Deposition and ion beam etching. We specialize in engineering solutions for a variety of specific results and outcomes using this process. We provide our customers with machinery needed for creating coatings including ion source and all parts needed to make it function. Additionally, we manufacture high quality PVD coatings using techniques such as Ion Assisted Thermal and Electron Beam Evaporation, Reactive and non-reactive magnetron sputtering. Diamond Like Carbon by Plasma Enhanced Vapor Deposition.
Intlvac Thin Film has become an authority for Ion Beam Etch/Sputter systems and reactive sputter systems for precision optical coatings.
Ion Beam Etch & Ion Beam Sputter Systems
Diamond-Like Carbon Systems
Optical Fiber Metalization
Thermal Vacuum & Space Simulation Systems
http://www.intlvac.com/
Nanonics Imaging, Jerusalem, Isreal
Address: Hartum 19, Har Hotzvim, Jerusalem 97775, Isreal
Atomic Force Microscopy, Bio, Medical & Pharma Materials, Electron Beam Technology, Electron Microscopy, Imaging Systems, Ion Beam Technology, Microscopy, Nanotechnology, Optical Metrology, Optics & Photonics, Plasma Technology
Nanonics Imaging Ltd has developed a unique and highly differentiated product portfolio in the area of Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM). Over the last two decades its products have stood at the forefront of technology providing answers for a wide range of nanotechnological applications unavailable with other measurement tools.
In this area of SPM, Nanonics Imaging is one of the most innovative companies in the world and this innovation together with unparalleled customer support and collaboration has been the basis of its growth. Today Nanonics has 45 employees in its Jerusalem headquarters and representatives throughout the world.
Nanonics Imaging Ltd. was the first to realize that the integration of scanning probe microscopes with other standard techniques, such as optical microscopy, Raman microprobes, scanning electron microscopes and ion beam microscopes, would introduce critical added value to many of these measurement tools. Thus, its products were developed with such integration in mind and in a variety of these areas it was the first to market such products. It presently has singular and leading offerings in each of these areas.
Furthermore, Nanonics Imaging effectively overcame barriers that had prevented introduction of scanning multi probe microscopes, SPM systems with more than one probe. It was the first company and is still the only company to have a general multiprobe SPM solution including all forms of SPM measurements such as electrical, thermal, optical, mechanical etc.
In addition to the above, a central development of the Company is a novel form of optical microscopy invented by the Founder of Nanonics Imaging, Aaron Lewis. This technique is called Near-Field Scanning Optical Microscopy (NSOM) and Nanonics is a leader in this field worldwide. NSOM is being increasingly recognized as being critical in advancing areas of nano optics and in characterizing plasmonic and photonic devices, optical circuits, advanced opto-electronic components, silicon waveguides and devices and photonic band gap materials and devices.
These nano-optical measurement capabilities even extend to electron and ion beam instrumentation and this has brought super-resolution optical imaging to such areas as cathodoluminescence which have been limited in resolution by far-field optical methods.
In each area of its product offerings Nanonics Imaging has won numerous awards over the years. These awards cover all areas of microscopic innovation including Raman microprobe integration, multiprobe development, unparalleled scanner advances, forefront probe technologies etc. The company has collaborated with numerous companies such as Renishaw Plc, FEI etc providing SPM solutions that transform the offerings of these partners and allow them to reach new nanotechnological horizons.
In parallel Nanonics also has evolved a NanoTool KitTM of probes that are both multiprobe friendly and do not obscure the optical or the electron/ion optical axis of the microscope. This NanoToolKitTM includes optical, electrical, thermal and even probes providing nanovacuum and nanochemical writing capabilities. These latter probes allow for a unique methodology called NanoFountain Pen Nanochemistry which even permits nanochemical lithography on any surface and with any ink including inks that are gaseous reagents.
With its NanoToolKitTM and its highly differentiated offerings of SPM systems, fully protected by a portfolio of patents, Nanonics has shown great potential to provide measurement capabilities that simply have been unachievable in the past. In essence, the Nanonics Imaging combination of products forms the basis of a variety of measurement technologies that are increasingly becoming an integral component in a penetrating nanotechnological revolution that stands at the forefront of present and future technological revolutions.
NSOM & SNOM SPM
AFM-Raman &TERS
Multiprobe AFM, NSOM & Raman
Low Temp AFM, NSOM & Raman
AFM SEM FIB
AFM &SPM Probes
www.nanonics.co.il/
PVD Products Inc., Wilmington MA, USA
Address: 35 Upton Drive, Suite 200, Wilmington, MA 01887, USA
Coatings & Thin Films, Electron Beam Technology, Electron Microscopy, Furnaces/Heaters/Ovens, Ion Beam Technology, Laser Technology, Metals & Alloys, Microscopy, Temperature Measurement & Control, Vacuum Technology
PVD Products, Inc. designs and manufactures thin film deposition systems and associated components based on the Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) processes of pulsed laser deposition, magnetron sputtering , evaporation, as well as PECVD systems. PVD Products is a leading manufacturer of custom deposition systems, reel-to-reel deposition equipment for the coated-conductor market, and combinatorial deposition tools for rapid process development. Our customers include multiple high profile universities and national labs around the world, as well as start-up and Fortune 500 companies. PVD Products has a large customer base with many repeat orders.
Our equipment utilizes the highest quality vacuum and electronic components for long term reliable operation with minimal maintenance. In addition to our existing line of thin film deposition systems, in-house SEM and EDS, and thin film deposition services, we provide custom design services for unique deposition systems tailored to meet your specific needs at a reasonable price. The main categories for our products are as follows:
Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) Systems use a laser beam to vaporize a solid target material in order to produce a thin film with exactly the same chemical composition as the original target material. The PLD process enables the deposition of many materials over a wide range of background gas compositions and pressures.
Magnetron sputtering systems by PVD Products, Inc. provide a flexible processing platform for meeting your specific deposition requirements. A wide range of magnetron source options are available including; RF, DC, and pulsed DC magnetrons for metallic or reactive sputtering targets, in-situ tilt, and target sizes ranging from 25 mm to 100 mm in diameter
PVD Products, Inc. provides a full range of coated conductor systems for depositing High Temperature Supercondutor (HTS) materials and buffer layers on continuous metal tapes. Coated conductor deposition systems are available based on pulsed laser deposition, magnetron sputtering, and evaporation with Ion Beam Assisted Deposition. Reel-to-reel systems allow for deposition on substrate areas up to 10 square meters in a single run.
PVD Products' complete thermal and electron beam evaporation systems are designed to meet the customer's specific deposition needs. These systems can contain single or multiple thermal sources, multi-pocket e-beam sources, and multi-gun sources as required. Linear e-beam sources are also available.
Magnetron Sputtering Systems
Magnetron Sputtering Sources
PLD System Overview
PLD Components
Coated Conductor Systems
Substrate Heaters
Custom PVD
Scanning Electron Microscopy Services
Thin Film Deposition Services
Deposition System Design Services
http://www.pvdproducts.com/
Thermic Edge Ltd, East Sussex, UK
Address: 30 Brunel Road,, St. Leonards on Sea, East Sussex TN38 9RT, UK
Carbon & Graphite, Ceramics & Glasses, Coatings & Thin Films, Electron Beam Technology, Furnaces/Heaters/Ovens, Graphene, Ion Beam Technology, Nanomaterials, Sample Preparation & Handling, Semiconductors, Vacuum Technology
Thermic Edge Ltd is a design and manufacturing business with specialist knowledge of every kind of laboratory heating applications, from basic elements or sample heaters, to complete hot stages with rotation, manipulation and substrate bias. We have standard ranges of stand alone sample heaters and flange mounted sample heaters with feedthroughs incorporated. Our sample heaters and hot stages are used in a very wide range of laboratory applications including, PVD sputtering, thermal deposition, e-beam, CVD, MOCVD, PLD, ion beam implanters, carbon nanotubes and graphene growth.
Thermic Edge Ltd can offer a range of sample heater controllers to accurately control any kind of hot stage or sample heater. Heater controllers are fitted with Eurotherm PID temperature controllers as standard, but we can incorporate any type of controller that our customers might specify.
Thermic Edge Ltd also has a range of high temperature laboratory vacuum / inert atmosphere furnaces with graphite hot zones. These furnaces can heat a crucible or wafer to 2100C. All furnaces are plc controlled and are fully interlocked, with simple one button pump / vent operation. A choice of PID temperature controllers enables a high degree of control and programmable temperature ramping and cooling functions. Dual zone temperature control on flat wafer furnaces gives very high uniformity across the substrate.
We can offer a complete range of technical ceramic materials and components including Shapal, Macor, Alumina, Boron Nitride, Aluminium nitride and Quartz. We can also offer CVD produced ceramics such as pyrotytic boron nitride PBN and pyrolytic graphite.
http://www.thermic-edge.com
TREK, INC., Lockport NY, USA
Address: 190 Walnut Street, Lockport, NY 14094, USA
Analytical & Testing Services, Atomic Force Microscopy, Bio, Medical & Pharma Materials, Ceramics & Glasses, Coatings & Thin Films, Electrical Characterization, Electro-Mechanics, Electro-Optics, Electron Beam Technology, Electron Microscopy, Fluorescence, Imaging Systems, Ion Beam Technology, Lab Equipment & Materials Suppliers, Laser Technology, Micro- and Nanomechanical Testing, Non-contact Testing, Optics & Photonics, Opto-Electronics, Opto-Mechanics, Plasma Technology, Polymers, Semiconductors, Solar Cell Technology, Spectroscopy, Surface Engineering & Metrology
Decades of design and manufacturing expertise in electrostatics and high voltage amplifiers provide a firm foundation for Trek to offer high performance products that address needs for measurement and power solutions in research and industry.
For nearly 50 years, TREK , INC. has been providing innovative electrostatic measurement and high-voltage power solutions to customers worldwide. Trek's superior engineering design capability and manufacturing facilities allow us to provide high quality, cost-effective products and services to meet market needs and customer-specific applications.
Our proprietary technology and technical expertise, coupled with our long-term relationships, sets us apart from our competitors and has made us the leader in the markets we serve.
Trek's commitment to develop new technologies will enable us to continue to provide current and future customers with innovative solutions.
A significant portion of Trek's business is derived from the design and manufacture of custom products for OEM customers. Trek has been supplying solutions to some of these customers for over 20 years. Although we cannot disclose information about our custom OEM designs, the following provides some perspective on our capabilities. If this information interests you, please contact us to initiate a dialogue regarding your specific requirements for custom-designed product solutions.
Electrophotography
Piezoelectronics
Power Amplification
Metrology: These products are used for precision measurements of voltage and surface charge distributions; resistance and resistivity meters are also utilized.
http://www.trekinc.com/
Electrophotography, electrostatic voltmeters, ESD, high-voltage amplifiers, piezo, Piezoelectronics, Power Amplification, power supply, Semiconductor
Veeco Instrument Inc., Plainview NY, USA
Address: 1 Terminal Drive, Plainview, NY 11803, USA
Coatings & Thin Films, Electro-Mechanics, Ion Beam Technology, Semiconductors
Veeco creates process equipment that enables technologies for a cleaner and more productive world. We design, manufacture and market thin film equipment aligned with global trends, such as energy efficiency, mobility and the internet-of-things. We develop highly differentiated, best-in-class equipment for critical high-tech performance steps in thin film processing.
Veeco's process equipment is primarily used to make light emitting diodes (LEDs), power electronics, wireless devices, micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), hard disk drives and semiconductors. We are the market leader in MOCVD, MBE, Ion Beam Etch and other advanced thin film process technologies. Veeco operates in 10 countries with approximately 800 employees worldwide.
Growing, depositing, etching and processing thin films is our core competency.
www.veeco.com
thin film equipment


You could join Kathie Lee Gifford and Hoda Kotb for their 10-year anniversary show by submitting a video showing why you're their ultimate fan. In fact, the video submissions are already rolling in, and they're a hoot. KLG and Hoda share a few of their favorites.


text:
Salwator – niewielkie osiedle willowe z początku XX w. położone na zachód od centrum Krakowa na terenie dawnej wsi Zwierzyniec, obecnie wchodzące w skład Dzielnicy VII Zwierzyniec, niestanowiące jednostki pomocniczej niższego rzędu w ramach dzielnicy. Salwator znajduje się na samym końcu długiego grzbietu, opadającego ku Wiśle, w miejscu, gdzie wpada do niej Rudawa. Osiedle to zajmuje szczytowe partie końcowego wzniesienia Pasma Sowińca, jego wschodniego masywu – Górę św. Bronisławy. W skład Salwatora wchodzą domy znajdujące się przy ulicach św. Bronisławy, Anczyca i Gontyna. U podnóża tego wzgórza znajduje się końcowa pętla tramwajowa o nazwie Salwator.

Historia
W rejonie Salwatora stwierdzono ślady osadnictwa począwszy od środkowego paleolitu (115–40 tys. lat p.n.e.), a także górnego paleolitu (40–10 tys. lat p.n.e.), kiedy to na wzniesieniu otoczonym wówczas rozlewiskami (co zapewniało bezpieczeństwo) mieli swoje szałasy łowcy mamutów.

Znacznie później miała istnieć tu osada z pogańską świątynią. Czasy te przypomina nazwa jednej z bardziej malowniczych ulic dzisiejszego Salwatora – Gontyna. Według niektórych badaczy, istniejący tutaj kościół Najświętszego Salwatora miał być również jedną z pierwszych świątyń chrześcijańskich na terenie Polski.

W tym czasie Zwierzyniec, podkrakowska wieś, należał do książąt rezydujących na Wawelu. Od II połowy XII wieku jej właścicielem były siostry katolickiego zakonu kontemplacyjnego – Zgromadzenia Sióstr Kanoniczek Regularnych Zakonu Premonstratensów, zwane norbertankami, zakonnicami św. Norberta, a przez krakowski lud również Pannami Zwierzynieckimi. Założyły one tam szkołę i szpital, dbały o gospodarczy rozwój osady. Były właścicielkami Zwierzyńca aż do 1910 r. W tym czasie, z inicjatywy ówczesnego prezydenta Krakowa Juliusza Lea, wieś została włączona do Krakowa.

W latach 1866–1867 armia austriacka zbudowała na wzgórzu jeden z obiektów Twierdzy Kraków – szaniec FS-30, podzielony następnie na dwa mniejsze. W początkach XX wieku, po likwidacji szańców, Towarzystwo Urzędników postanowiło wybudować osiedle willowe. Rozpisano konkurs na zagospodarowanie wzgórza –zwycięzcą (w 1909) został Tadeusz Niedzielski. Do realizacji skierowano jednak projekt Romana Bandurskiego, który zaprojektował także kilka willi.

W 1911 wytyczono półkoliste odgałęzienia ulicy św. Bronisławy, ulicę Gontyny i Anczyca.

Osiedle nazwano w 1912 roku Salwatorem od sąsiedztwa z kościołem pod tym wezwaniem. Składa się ono z 30 willi, które projektowali Roman Bandurski, Alfred Kramarski, a w okresie międzywojennym Ferdynand Liebling, Henryk Jasieński i Ludwik Wojtyczko. Ostatni dom zbudowano w 1955 roku.

Osiedle to jest uważane za symbol "miasta-ogrodu".

Mimo niewielkich rozmiarów osiedla i trochę ponad 100 lat istnienia, zamieszkiwało go wyjątkowo wiele wybitnych postaci. Ok. 50 z nich to tzw. postacie encyklopedyczne (występujące w wielu drukowanych encyklopediach i leksykonach). Mieszkali tu m.in. Feliks Koneczny, Karol Hubert i Emanuel Rostworowscy, Marek Rostworowski, Hugon Kowarzyk, Alfred Kramarski. W domu przy ul. Anczyca 7 zmarł Jacek Malczewski.

Ostatnio, ze względów komercyjnych, nazwę Salwator próbuje się (wbrew faktom) rozciągnąć na wielokroć większy obszar, traktując ją jako odpowiednik znacznej części dawnej dzielnicy noszącej nazwę Zwierzyniec, w skład której obok Zwierzyńca wchodziło też Półwsie Zwierzynieckie.

Zabytki i inne obiekty Salwatora
 Kościół Najświętszego Salwatora i otaczający go dawny cmentarz.
 Kaplica św. Małgorzaty i św. Judyty z pomnikiem papieża Jana Pawła II (ustawionym na stoku przed kaplicą w końcu marca 2008 r.). Wokół kaplicy znajduje się dawny cmentarz morowy (dla zmarłych na zarazę).
 Przez Salwator, ul. św. Bronisławy i Aleją Waszyngtona, prowadzi trasa spacerowa pod Kopiec Kościuszki, a dalej – w kierunku Lasu Wolskiego, do ZOO i na Bielany, szczególnie tłumnie uczęszczana w weekendy.
 U podnóża Salwatora odbywa się coroczny odpust Emaus, który od szeregu lat organizowany jest po obu stronach rzeki Rudawy, czyli przy kościele Sióstr Norbertanek oraz na terenie Półwsia Zwierzynieckiego.
 Wille osiedla, z których kilka jest obiektami zabytkowymi: ul. Anczyca 1 i 7, ul. św. Bronisławy 15, 24 i 26.

W bezpośrednim sąsiedztwie Salwatora znajdują jeszcze:
 Cmentarz Salwatorski
 Kościół św. Augustyna i św. Jana Chrzciciela z klasztorem Norbertanek

Zobacz też
 Emaus
 Lajkonik

Przypisy

Linki zewnętrzne
 Miejscowy plan zagospodarowania przestrzennego osiedla Salwator

Dzielnica VII Zwierzyniec
Zabytki nieruchome w Krakowie

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


For my readers – A free short story!
Sean has been in love with Lacey for as long as he can remember, but she has pushed him firmly into the friend zone and plans to keep him there. Or so he thinks.
Lacey did put Sean in the friend zone, but now she's ready for more. Only he won't make a move.
Lacey enters a contest in which a kiss from her will be the prize. Can Sean win the contest? Can he win the girl?
Coming soon to other retailers!


This article is about the market town in England. For the town in Australia, see Horsham, Victoria. For other uses, see Horsham (disambiguation).
Horsham /ˈhɔːrʃəm/ is a market town on the upper reaches of the River Arun on the fringe of the Weald in West Sussex, England. The town is 31 miles (50 km) south south-west of London, 18.5 miles (30 km) north-west of Brighton and 26 miles (42 km) north-east of the county town of Chichester. Nearby towns include Crawley to the north-east and Haywards Heath and Burgess Hill to the south-east. It is the administrative centre of the Horsham district.
The first historical record of Horsham is from AD 947. The name may mean either "horse home" or "Horsa's home" (a Saxon warrior who was granted land in the area).
The town has historically been known for horse trading in early medieval times, iron and brick making up until the 20th century, and brewing more recently.
Horsham is the largest town in the Horsham District Council area. The second, higher, tier of local government is West Sussex County Council, based in Chichester. It was once part of the county of Surrey in 1758 until a change in boundaries through the parliament act in 1867. In addition there are various Parish Councils.
The town is the centre of the parliamentary constituency of Horsham, recreated in 1983. Jeremy Quin has served as Member of Parliament for Horsham since 2015, succeeding Francis Maude, who held the seat since 1997 but retired at the 2015 general election.
Horsham holds the UK record for the heaviest hailstone ever to fall. On 5 September 1958, a hailstone weighing 140g (4.9 oz) landed in the town. It was similar in size to a tennis ball and impact speeds have been calculated to be 100 m/s (224 mph).
Horsham is 50 metres (160 ft) above sea level. It is in the centre of the Weald in the Low Weald, at the western edge of the High Weald, with the Surrey Hills of the North Downs to the north and the Sussex Downs of the South Downs to the south. The River Arun rising from ghylls in the St Leonard's Forest area, to the east of Horsham, cuts through the south of the town then makes its way through Broadbridge Heath. The Arun is joined by a number of streams flowing down from the north which rise around Rusper.
Horsham has grown up around the Carfax. To the south of the Carfax is the Causeway. This street consists of houses erected in the 17th, 18th and early 19th century and is lined with ancient London Plane trees. The Horsham Museum is at the north end opposite to the recently developed former headquarters of the R.S.P.C.A.. At the south end of the Causeway is the Church of England parish church of St. Mary: Norman in origin, rebuilt in the 13th century and restored in 1864–65 by the Gothic revival architect S.S. Teulon. The area immediately to the south of the parish church is known as Normandy. It was formerly an area of artisans cottages and an ancient well. Fifty metres south is the River Arun. On the northern bank is Prewett's Mill and on the south side is the town's cricket field. A short walk along the banks of the Arun in a south easterly direction is Chesworth Farm, an area of open public access.
To the north of the Carfax is a park, Horsham Park, the remnant of what was formerly the Hurst Park Estate. The park has football pitches, a wildlife pond and tennis courts. Leisure facilities, including a swimming complex and a gymnastic centre, have been built on land around the park.
To the east along Brighton Road is Iron Bridge named after the railway bridge that carries the railway from London Victoria to Littlehampton. The area consists of mainly Victorian and Edwardian houses to the north of Brighton Road, whilst to the south there are areas of inter- and post-war housing. This area is known as the East Side.
Horsham has developed beyond the original boundaries to incorporate some of the smaller hamlets which now form part of the outer districts.
An area of Horsham named after a feeder stream of the River Arun. It consists of residential housing, the majority of which is of late 20th century origin. The suburb is substantial enough for two council wards. The hamlet around Old Holbrook House is immediately to the north of the A264 which abuts Holbrook. Holbrook House was previously the home of Sir William Vesey-Fitzgerald, Governor of Bombay and M.P. for Horsham (1852–1875). The Tithe Barn at Fivens Green is the most notable building in the district.
This hamlet dates back to the late 18th century, when a small number of houses were in existence, with an inn opening in the early part of the 19th century. A station opened in the area in 1907, originally called Rusper Road Crossing halt, but later renamed Littlehaven.
South-west of the town the Needles estate was laid out from c. 1955, with a mixture of privately owned and council-built houses and bungalows. Land around Hills Farm nearby was sold for development in 1972 and further development took place in the 1980s. The Needles are named after a local farmhouse, called so as it was built using timbers from ships wrecked on the Needles formation.
In keeping with many other towns, new developments to the east of the town centre were rapid in the early Victorian era, and that area of town became known, as it is today, as New Town. The area contains the Iron Bridge, a steel structure that carries the railway to the south of Horsham.
Originally used as a label to describe the northern part of the parish of Horsham (compared to Southwater to describe that part south of the River Arun), this area was developed as a district in the latter part of the 20th century.
This area was originally known as Grub Street, and developed south of Depot Road in the 19th century.
"Roffey" redirects here. For other uses, see Roffey (disambiguation).
Roffey is north east of the centre of Horsham and as a hamlet dates back to at least the 13th century, with taxation records of 1296 showing 18 liable people in the area. Kelley's Post Office Directory for 1867 describes 'Roughey' as consisting 'of a few farmhouses and cottages. Here is an iron church, capable of accommodating 80 persons'. Maps of the 1880s show Roffey Corner (still spelt Roughey), but appear to label the hamlet as Star Row, with Roffey in use again by the start of the 20th century. A railway station opened as Roffey Road Halt in 1907, closing in 1937. The station is shown in the location now known as Wimland Road. Roffey is a separate ecclesiastical parish with its own parish church—All Saints' Church on Crawley Road, designed in 1878 by Arthur Blomfield. It replaced a temporary building which was licensed for worship in 1856. Roffey Park Institute is based just outside of Horsham, near Colgate.
Tower Hill is a hamlet that lies one mile south from Horsham on a ridge of land containing a sandstone known as Horsham Stone rising above the town. A quarry existed here from 1830 to 1876. Tower Hill consists of housing dating from medieval to late 20th century. It has a public house called the Boar's Head, formerly the Fox and Hounds. The economic importance of quarrying Horsham Stone to Horsham in the 19th century has left a legacy of toponyms including Stone Pit Field, Stone Barn, Stonyhurst and Stone Pit Wood.
An area of late 19th and early 20th centuries development on land west of the London Road at North Parade. It consists chiefly of semi-detached houses with corner shops, most of which have closed. Until the mid-20th century it was known as "The Common", after a piece of common land that survived enclosure in Trafalgar Road for many years. Trafalgar forms one of the wards of Horsham Hurst (electoral division) of the Horsham District Council.
Horsham is a market town formerly trading in cattle, sheep and corn. Its prosperity was built on industries that included brewing, brickmaking, iron-smelting and printing. Although some of these survive, with the exception of iron smelting they are on a small scale and no longer employ large numbers of workers. In 2014 the important industries are financial services, pharmaceuticals and technology. Horsham is a commuter town serving London, Gatwick Airport and the South East Coast.
RSA Insurance Group, an insurance company, has its registered office in Horsham. Sun Alliance merged with Royal Insurance in 1996 to form Royal & Sun Alliance Insurance Group, then renamed RSA Insurance Group in 2008. The company first came to the town in 1965 as Sun Alliance, becoming the town's biggest employer, at its peak it employed 2,500 people, plus the specialised computer centre called Lennox Wood, sited in Southwater country park to which many of the original Horsham computer department staff were relocated. At its peak, the company occupied several smaller premises on the Carfax, Springfield House near St John the Evangelist Roman Catholic Church, the building that is now a study centre in Hurst Road, Parkside and the whole of the St Mark's complex, and print and security centres in industrial estates sprinkled around Horsham, plus Tricourt House closer to the Carfax and now occupied by a housing association. Parkside has recently been partially occupied by West Sussex County Council after Royal Sun Alliance vacated the building.
Until 2015 the Swiss-based multinational pharmaceutical company Novartis, formerly Ciba-Geigy before a 1996 merger, was a major employer in the town, but the plant is now closed and the site scheduled for redevelopment.
The RSPCA, an animal welfare charity, has a £16 million headquarters at Southwater near Horsham, built to replace its former headquarters in the centre of the town.
Located in the centre is also the Creative Assembly, which was founded in 1987 and is one of the UK's premier videogame developers.
Horsham's town centre has many national chain stores, and although it has suffered the loss of some small and independent retailers, the town retains its reputation for individuality and attracts shoppers from a wide area. In 1992 the town centre was redesigned to greatly reduce the flow of traffic through the town's main shopping streets and West Street was pedestrianised by 1977. Much of the Carfax, which once consisted of two concentric rings of roads, was pedestrianised to create a new town square. The underground toilets that once served the Carfax are now underneath the war memorial. The bandstand was moved to its present site from the south corner of the Carfax. The Victorian drinking fountain now at the southern end of North Street originally stood on the Carfax.
On the northwest side of the Carfax is Swan Walk, a shopping centre which opened in 1976 and was enclosed with a glass roof in 1989 with the addition of Springfield Court. Swan Walk takes its name from the Swan Inn that once stood where the pedestrian area now enters West Street, the old name being honoured by the bronze swan statues to the back of the mall and a mosaic in the centre. The shopping centre once enclosed the Capital Theatre which was built in the 1930s and was sandwiched between shops and a multi-storey car park from 1976 until its demolition in early 1983 when Marks & Spencer bought the site to build their store that opened in 1984. A further shopping area and public square, the Forum, opened in 2003 to the south of West Street. There is a partially covered shopping area known as Piries Place. East Street, formerly part of the main throughway through the town was pedestrianised in 2009..
Supermarkets serving the town include branches of Tesco, Sainsbury's, Marks & Spencer and Waitrose. In 2015, a new £8 million "Waitrose" and "John Lewis at Home" joint facility was opened after the closure of the smaller Waitrose that was formerly located in piries place.
In the commercial centre of Horsham is an open pedestrianised square known as the Carfax. This area contains the Town's Memorial to the dead of the two world wars, a substantial, well used bandstand and is the venue for Saturday and Thursday markets. The name Carfax is likely of Norman origin – a corruption of 'Quatre Voies' (four ways) or 'Carrefour', a place where four roads meet. The Carfax was formerly known as "Scarfoulkes", the derivation of which is uncertain. Two other places in England share the name: the Carfax in Oxford and the Carfax in Winchester.
The Rising Universe water sculpture in action.
At the west end of the town centre formerly stood a kinetic water sculpture called the 'Rising Universe', colloquially known as 'The Shelley Fountain'. It was designed by Angela Conner, and erected to commemorate the poet Percy Bysshe Shelley who was born at Field Place in Broadbridge Heath, near Warnham, two miles west from Horsham centre. The fountain was designed to release a torrent of six and a half tons of water periodically, it was 45 ft across at its base, standing 28 ft high. It carried a plaque bearing one of his poems 'Mont Blanc'.
The fountain was turned off in the spring of 2006 to save water. Despite recycling it used 180 gallons a day to cover evaporation and filtration losses. However, the council has made water saving efficiencies elsewhere and the fountain was turned on again on 13 November 2006, its tenth birthday but was turned off again after that Christmas. In May 2008 the fountain was turned off again due to the failure of its main hydraulic cylinder. On 19 January 2009 the fountain was fenced off for repairs. It was reopened without the fountain functioning. The fountain was again repaired at the start of March 2011 at a cost of more than £30,000 and was removed altogether in June 2016  with cost of upkeep being cited as the main reason.
St. Mary's Parish Church and the River Arun in Horsham circa 1910.
The Parish Church of St. Mary the Virgin is the oldest building in Horsham, having been in continuous use for nearly eight centuries. It is located at the end of the Causeway in Normandy, the oldest extant part of Horsham. It has a ring of ten bells.
The earthworks of the eleventh century Horsham or Chennelsbrook Castle can be found near Chennells Brook.
The Town Hall in the Market Square is a much adapted building originally dating from circa 1648 when it was referred to as a 'Market House'. In 1721 a new construction of Portland Stone was built containing a poultry and butter market. The building fell into disrepair and was substantially rebuilt around 1812. In 1888 it became the property of Horsham Urban District Council and was again largely rebuilt. The present building is essentially of late Victorian construction, though preserving some aspects of the earlier buildings. It has been used as council offices and as a magistrates court and more recently housed the Horsham Registry Office on the upper floor. The ground floor was still used as an occasional market place until the Town Hall was closed to be let as a restaurant.
Horsham lies at the junction of three main routes with the dual carriageway A24 running north to south route from London and Dorking to Worthing. The A264 links Horsham to Crawley and the M23 to the east by modern dual carriageway and to the A29 to the west. The A281 runs between Guildford and Brighton.
Bus services are provided by Metrobus, Stagecoach South, Arriva Southern Counties and Compass Travel.
The railway station, Horsham, is on the Arun Valley Line from Chichester to Crawley, Gatwick and London Victoria. Trains on this line start from Bognor Regis or Portsmouth and Southampton Central, and are coupled at Horsham. Southbound trains divide here. Other services (stopping during the off-peak period) leave Horsham for London Bridge. Sutton & Mole Valley line services go north to Dorking, Epsom, Sutton and London Victoria. In 2012, work finished expanding and modernising the station. Littlehaven station (previously named Littlehaven Halt), in the north east of the town on the Crawley line, and Christ's Hospital station serving the west of Horsham.
Horsham is 20 km (12 mi) from Gatwick Airport and 65 km (40 mi) from Heathrow Airport.
Cyclists, pedestrians and horseriders can reach Guildford and Shoreham via the Downs Link, a long distance bridleway and cycle route which follows the now disused Horsham-Guildford, and Horsham-Shoreham railway lines and passes through Southwater, just to the south of Horsham.
The West Sussex County Times is a paid newspaper that has served the town since 1869. The Horsham offices of the paper also publish a free newspaper called the Weekend Herald. Another free newspaper, The Resident, set up in 2008, was recently rebranded as The District Post. A free magazine, All About Horsham, is delivered to some properties in the district.
College of Richard Collyer, (sixth form) founded in 1532, and known more commonly as "Collyer's", on Hurst Road. The Arun House adult education centre (a constituent institution of the Central Sussex College) is also on this road.
Horsham Cricket Club play their home matches at Cricketfield Road which used to be used twice a season by Sussex CCC for matches. Although cricket was played in Horsham before 1768, the first recorded game of a town side was on 8 August 1771, which is when Horsham Cricket Club was created. The Club has played various locations over the years, before settling at the present ground in 1851. Horsham Cricket Club were national champions in 2005.
Horsham F.C. is the town's senior football club and currently (2014–15) play in the Isthmian League South Division. They had some success a decade ago, reaching the final of the Sussex Senior Cup in 2007. They reached the 2nd round of the F A Cup in 07-08, losing in a replay to Swansea City. The team currently play at Culver Road in Lancing whilst they seek a new ground in Horsham.
Horsham YMCA FC, founded in 1898, were playing their 2014/15 season in Division one of the Sussex County Football League . They are nicknamed 'The YMs', and play their home games at Gorings Mead in the Iron Bridge part of Horsham.
Holbrook RUFC are a smaller rugby club, based at The Holbrook Club in north Horsham. It was formed in 1971 as Sunallon RFC, which was the name of the Sun Alliance Sports & Social Club. This developed into Sun Alliance RFC and following a merger with the Liverpool-based Royal Insurance in 1996, into Royal & Sun Alliance RFC (RSA). Holbrook RFC now have two teams as of the 2014 season, with the 1sts in Sussex League 1, and 2nds in Sussex League 3.
Horsham Hockey Club who play their home matches at Broadbridge Heath Leisure Centre.
Horsham Gymnastic Club have produced top female gymnasts a number of whom have progressed to the England and Great Britain national squads.
In the weeks preceding the London 2012 Olympic Games, the Grenadian Olympic Team trained at Broadbridge Heath Leisure Centre, which is on the outskirts of the town.
Horsham Community Hospital, is open weekdays, and is located on Hurst Road. The town has its own law courts, ambulance station, fire station and police station also located on Hurst Road. The Statutory emergency fire and rescue service is provided by the West Sussex Fire and Rescue Service. The territorial police force for Horsham and surrounding areas is Sussex Police.
The Registry of births, deaths and marriages is located in Park House, North Street in central Horsham.
Horsham Park immediately to the north of central Horsham is 24 hectares of open space for the use of the people of Horsham. It contains an 18th-century country house used in part by the Horsham District Council, formal gardens and a maze. At the eastern side is The Pavilions in the Park leisure centre with a gym and a 25m swimming pool run by a private company for Horsham District Council. A BMX and Skate park is located on the Hurst Road side of Horsham Park. The remaining space is used extensively for leisure pursuits such as tennis, football and rugby.
Horsham Museum is located on the Causeway in a half-timbered medieval house. It has local history objects displayed in twenty-six galleries. Situated on North Street is The Capitol Theatre, Horsham, the venue (formerly Horsham Arts Centre) features a theatre, 2 cinema screens, a studio and gallery. On Lower Tanbridge Way is a two storey modernised library run by West Sussex County Council.
The first illustrated history of Horsham was written in 1836 by Howard Dudley at the age of 16. It includes descriptions of St Mary's Church and other buildings along with lithographs and wood-cut images of the town. The book entitled The History and Antiquities of Horsham has been reproduced in full to enable research online.
Sir Arthur Conan Doyle had the fictitious Openshaw family, in the Sherlock Holmes story The Five Orange Pips, residing in the town.
Douglas Maddon's book The English Department's Whores, is a thinly-veiled satire of life in Horsham.
John Roland Abbey (1894–1969), book collector.
George Bax Holmes (1803–1887), palaeontologist.
Robert Blatchford (1851–1943), author and socialist.
Henry Burstow (1826–1916), singer and bell-ringer, important to the early twentieth-century folk-song revival, and for his 'Reminiscences of Horsham', published in 1911.
Matthew Caffyn (1628 -1714), British General Baptist preacher and writer.
Samuel Carpenter (1649–1714), First Treasurer and Deputy Governor of Pennsylvania. Born in 1649 in Horsham. His father was John Carpenter, the Sheriff of Horsham, who was murdered while attending his duties in Horsham on 9 August 1671.
Edward Bainbridge Copnall (1903–1973), artist and president of the Royal Society of British Sculptors lived in Horsham from an early age. One of his works, a sculpture titled 'The Astronomer' was presented to the College of Richard Collyer in the town, by his sister Phyllis Millar and is on display in the upper quadrangle. Other examples of his work are kept by Horsham Museum.
John Copnall (1928–2007), artist and teacher, a leading English abstract painter and teacher at the London Central School of Art and Design.
Walter Crane (1845–1915) artist and book illustrator died at Horsham.
Howard Dudley (1820–1864),wrote the first illustrated history of Horsham in 1836.
Walter Dendy Sadler (1854–1923) artist and painter, was brought up in Horsham.
Frederick Gough MC TD (1901–1977), an army major at the Battle of Arnhem, served as Horsham's Member of Parliament from 1951 to 1964.
Catherine Howard (c.1520–1542), one of King Henry VIII's wives, lived in Horsham.
Robert Henry Hurst (1817–1905). Liberal Member of Parliament for Horsham from 1865 to 1868, and from 1875 to 1876.
Thomas Hutchinson (1698-1769) English clergyman and classical scholar.
Hammond Innes (1913–1998), author, was born in Clarence Road.
Chrystabel Leighton-Porter (1913–2000), model for the "Jane" cartoon during WWII.
Bernard Lintott, (1675–1736), English publisher.
Christopher Martin-Jenkins, cricket journalist and broadcaster.
Thomas Medwin (1788–1869), poet and biographer of Lord Byron and his cousin Percy Bysshe Shelley.
John Guille Millais (1865–1931), painter, naturalist and author, son of the Pre-Raphaelite painter John Everett Millais.
Raoul Millais (1901–1999), artist, son of John Guille Millais.
Edward Mote (1797–1874), Writer of the hymn 'My hope is built on nothing less' and was minister of Rehoboth Baptist Church in New Street for 26 years where he is buried.
John Pilfold (1769–1834), Royal Navy officer most noted for his command of HMS Ajax at the Battle of Trafalgar.
William Pollard (1828–1893), Quaker writer.
Hugh James Rose (1795-1838), Theologian who becamePrincipal of King's College London,Vicar of St Mary's 1821-1827.
Lt.-Col. George Styles GC (1928–2006), army bomb-disposal expert, was educated at Collyer's School.
Eric Thompson (1929–1982), narrator of the British version of The Magic Roundabout, was educated at Collyer's School.
William Vesey-Fitzgerald (1818–1885), Governor of Bombay, M.P. for Horsham who lived at Holbrook.
Howard Vincent (1849–1908), Conservative Party Member of Parliament, barrister and police official who was born at Slinfold.
Harry Enfield – English comedian attended Collyer's sixth form college.
An emblem on the side of an Arriva bus celebrating Horsham's win of the Britain in Bloom contest.
In October 2006, Horsham was pronounced the second best place to live in the UK, only beaten by Winchester. This was claimed by a Channel 4 show, The 10 best and worst places to live in the UK.
there were two official homeless people living in Horsham.
In 2007, a Reader's Digest poll put Horsham as the 25th best place in mainland Britain to bring up a family.
On 27 September 2007, Horsham was awarded as the overall winner of Britain in Bloom in the large town / small city category a Gold Award. It also has the honour of being presented with the Royal Horticultural Society's 'Bloomin' Wild' award which reflected the theme for year's national judging.
Horsham is placed number 27 in the book Crap Towns: The 50 Worst Places To Live In The UK. The satirical book describes Horsham as "a No Fun Zone run by new conservatives for old conservatives."
Horsham has featured in the films 31 North 62 East and A Dark Reflection.
^ "Severe Storms". Metlink Teaching Weather and Climate. Archived from the original on 23 April 2013.
^ Landranger 187. Ordnance Survey. ISBN 0-319-22187-3.
^ "Murder investigation – Needles' bizarre past". Sussex Express. 26 March 2008. Retrieved 2 March 2010.
^ a b "Old map of Horsham area". Ordnance Survey / www.old-maps.co.uk. 1880. Archived from the original on 7 May 2009. Retrieved 17 April 2009.
^ Hughes, Annabelle (2000). A History of North Horsham Parish – to Celebrate the Millennium. Horsham: North Horsham Parish Council. p. 20.
^ "Business and Industrial". Horsham Official Guide. c. 1993.
^ "Results & Constituencies". BBC News. 2001. Archived from the original on 15 October 2012. Retrieved 20 April 2009.
^ a b c d "Horsham Town Guide". Burrows. Archived from the original on 28 May 2011. Retrieved 9 April 2009.
^ Stainer, Gina (23 June 2006). "Insurance firm to axe 1,000 job". West Sussex County Times.
^ "Homes and science park plan for Horsham Novartis site". Archived from the original on 23 January 2016. Retrieved 24 January 2016.
^ Penny, Thomas (24 July 2002). "RSPCA millions go on politics and HQ". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 27 September 2009. Retrieved 20 April 2009.
^ County Guide West Sussex. Philips. ISBN 0-540-01267-X.
^ Moyes, Jojo (27 January 1997). "Hail to thee, blithe spirit (But not if you live in Middle England)". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 16 March 2011. Retrieved 7 September 2009.
^ Christie-Miller, Alex (12 June 2008). "Broken fountain will rise again". West Sussex County Times. Retrieved 20 April 2009.
^ "Repairs to Horsham fountain". West Sussex County Times. 9 January 2009. Retrieved 20 April 2009.
^ "Shelley's fountain to be repaired". BBC News. 18 February 2010.
^ "Dismantling Shelley Fountain". West Sussex County Times. Archived from the original on 17 June 2016. Retrieved 22 June 2016.
^ "Horsham's 'costly' Shelley fountain to be dismantled". BBC. Archived from the original on 6 May 2016. Retrieved 22 June 2016.
^ Historic England. "Motte and Bailey Castle North of Chennells Brook Farm (1014389)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 11 June 2017.
^ "Chennells Brook Castle". Flickr. Archived from the original on 25 October 2016.
^ "Expired website - This website has expired". hiddenhorsham.co.uk. Archived from the original on 7 November 2012.
^ "Slideshow: inside Horsham Railway Station". wscountytimes.co.uk. Archived from the original on 3 June 2013.
^ "Holbrook Rugby Football Club". Archived from the original on 9 November 2004.
^ "Horsham Hockey Club". pitchero.com. Archived from the original on 11 April 2013.
^ "Neighbourhood policing". Sussex police. Archived from the original on 29 December 2007. Retrieved 3 December 2009.
^ "Pavilions in the Park". D C Leisure Management Ltd. Archived from the original on 26 September 2010. Retrieved 20 April 2009.
^ "Horsham District Skate Park". Horsham District Council. Archived from the original on 13 July 2009. Retrieved 20 April 2009.
^ "Welcome to Horsham Museum". Horsham Museum. Archived from the original on 27 June 2009. Retrieved 20 April 2009.
^ "The Capitol, Horsham". Horsham District Council. Archived from the original on 26 April 2009. Retrieved 20 April 2009.
^ "HORSHAM LIBRARY". Horsham District Council. Archived from the original on 28 August 2008. Retrieved 20 April 2009.
^ "Oxford DNB article:Abbey, John Roland". Retrieved 15 October 2008.
^ "Christabel Leighton-Porter". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 19 December 2015. Retrieved 13 December 2015.
^ McLaverty, James. "Lintot, 'Barnaby' Bernard". In Matthew, H.C.G. and Brian Harrison, eds. The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. vol. 33, 947–948. London: Oxford University Press.
^ Pollard, William (1828–1893), Charlotte Fell-Smith, rev. K. D. Reynolds, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004.
^ "Rose, Hugh James (RS812HJ)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
^ "Eric Thompson Biography (1929-1982)". filmreference.com. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014.
^ "Debrett's House of Commons". archive.org.
^ a b "Horsham District Twinning Association". Horsham District Council. Archived from the original on 21 April 2007. Retrieved 13 June 2007.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Horsham.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Horsham.
Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Horsham" . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
This page was last edited on 22 April 2019, at 04:04 (UTC).


I'm writing from my cell phone in my hospital bed. Yesterday I got the balloon to cause my cervix to dilate. It worked so well that I went from a 1 to 5cm dilated in one hour. I wasn't in any pain at all but needed to go in to the hospital. While in the hospital my contractions were every 5 minutes but still had no pain and was 6 cm dilated. They wanted to break my water but I asked them not to do it till I got an epidural. So basically I had Juliet pain free! 3 pushes and she was out. Juliet weighed 6lb 12oz and is 20 inches. I'm in baby heaven! God gave me another little blessing.


The USA is full of monolinguists. In fact, a recent Gallup poll revealed only about 26 percent of Americans can hold a conversation in a second language. If you look at the numbers, it is clear that English is a dominant language across the globe, but Mandarin Chinese ranks as number one by number of speakers, followed by English then Spanish.
Learning a second language is not only a good idea if you are going to work in international business, it is essential. The internet brings all of us across the planet closer together, so learning a second language, or third, can help in all areas, including your career and personal life.
You can search online for ways to learn languages, and you will find more than 100 million results. So, how do you pick the best way, the fastest way or the most effective way? Learning a new language can be easy for some and difficult for others, and it all hinges on how you learn.
The first step in learning a language and choosing the best method to do so is to determine why you need the second language skill. Whether you need to translate text, listen to instructions in another language, or have a conversation with a friend or colleague, there are different ways of learning, and you can find one that suits your needs best. In addition, answering this question helps you answer the next one.
Keep track of your progress as you approach your goals. No worries if you have some setbacks. Just dust yourself off and keep going.
Next, you need to figure out your learning style. We all take in information differently.
Once you have figured out your best learning style, or styles, and your goal, you can choose a method (or two, or three!) to learn a new language. Some of these options may be out of the realm of possibility for you – not everyone can afford to spend six months in a foreign country – so choose the methods that make sense for your budget and your available time.
Whether you log onto Skype and find someone in a foreign country to befriend or you know someone else who speaks the language you are longing to learn, talking to someone every day in that language can help. Set aside at least 30 minutes per day to practice, and try to not use your native language at all. Interact with your environment, if possible, too. Applying what you know to the objects around you can help you remember more easily, and if you can attach a memory, that is even better.
Once upon a time, Rosetta Stone was sold through infomercials on TV. The software has grown with the times, though. It combines visuals, audio and the written word to help you learn a language, and though you can still buy the software for your computer, you can download the mobile apps (iOS and Android) to reinforce your vocabulary wherever you are. Rosetta Stone is also available as software-as-a-service, so you can pay for a subscription if you prefer.
Another approach to learning a second language is through videos. FluentU combines the idea of immersion in a cultural setting with grammar, vocabulary and entertainment. You watch videos to listen to people speak in the language you want to learn, and there are interactive captions that pop up under the video. Hover your mouse over the word you want to learn more about, and keep watching the videos to keep learning. You then quiz yourself to see how well you are learning. You can sign up for a free trial, but to keep using FluentU, you have to pay $15 per month.
If you learn better with traditional methods, you may want to seek out a tutor. A professional can create lesson plans, work with you on conversations, test you and grade you. The prices vary wildly for tutors – you can find some for $6 to $28 per hour. Verbling is a good website to find tutors.
Many of the apps and web-based programs included here use some version of the Pimsleur method to teach you a new language. At its core is learning through listening. You hear a phrase in the language you are learning, then in your native language. It is a method that has been used for decades and for good reason – it works! Its $150 per language per level, so it is pricier than most methods listed here.
As a beginner, you need books with shorter sentences to help you learn the basics. If you want to learn Spanish, you can find translated Dr. Seuss books for some familiarity, or you can pick up some original kids' books. Once you have the basics down, try testing yourself online, and start incorporating some conversations here and there. If you would like to keep learning on your own, pick up a novel in Spanish and try reading that.
When you make a game out of anything, it is easier to get through. App developers are learning you can gamify almost anything today. So, why not turn learning a language into a game? Duolingo uses some gamification in its method, and so does Memrise. It focuses on memorization, but it helps you build solid foundation with reinforcements. You see videos, hear people speaking the language and parrot it back, and see the words on the screen.
One of the best ways to learn a new language is to not even realize you are learning it. Take a cooking class taught in Spanish or French. You will quickly pick up the words for "bowl," "spoon," "whisk" and "fork," and when you see the instructor grabbing for the chicken and a bottle of red wine to make coq a vin, you will easily make the association. When you go through the steps to make the food, and then eat it, you will be committing a memory using so many different senses; it will be difficult for you to forget the words you have learned in another language.
This is a more passive approach to learning a new language, but it fits in with the immersion technique. You can put on a movie in Japanese, Spanish, French or any other language and let it play in the background. Eventually, you will pick out familiar words and understand what they mean. If you pay attention, you will be able to pick up the language faster because you will have visual cues to associate with the words being said.
Another immersion technique is to simply listen to people talking. After all, this is one way we learned our native language when we were babies. Choose a podcast in the language you want to learn, and choose a subject you are interested in. It will not be long before you are following the conversation and learning the language as well as more about a subject you already love.
Along with the free apps like Memrise and Duolingo, Free Rice offers you ways to learn a language at no cost to you, and you will do a small part to feed the hungry. For every correct answer you give as you test yourself on languages on the website, the group donates 10 grains of rice to the World Food Programme. The tests are simple and focus on vocabulary, so it could be supplemental to another method you choose.
This app can be used on a browser or any internet-connected device that allows apps, and it works for Windows, iOS and Android operating systems. It is a free app you can use to learn a new language (23 available) for almost any use. You will get lessons in grammar, vocabulary, sentence structure and more. You will also get the chance to practice by typing, speaking and listening.
When you were in school (or maybe you still are), did you make flash cards to help you study before every test? Anki is a program you can download on your computer, smartphone or tablet to use flash cards to help you memorize words, phrases and more.
Is this the end-all-be-all method to learn a language? Some swear by it, while others claim they only picked up a few helpful phrases. This is an expensive immersion method, but it may work for you – or it could work as your ultimate reward for learning a language.


text:
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;

namespace ApiExplorerWebSite;

[ApiExplorerSettings(IgnoreApi = true)]
[Route("ApiExplorerVisibilitySetExplicitly")]
public class ApiExplorerVisibilitySetExplicitlyController : Controller
{
    [ApiExplorerSettings(IgnoreApi = false)]
    [HttpGet("Enabled")]
    public void Enabled()
    {
    }

    [HttpGet("Disabled")]
    public void Disabled()
    {
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


This website, PetalumaSandalwood.com, has no affiliation with Sandalwood Estates, LLC. This is a personal website and the information published and opinions expressed are those of the webmaster for your personal use. Content subject to change without notice.
Sandalwood Estates has been my home since April 2001.
We strike a blow against Freedom and Decency and Justice."
Note: This web page format has been on my computer for many years. Never used it. As soon as I find the creator I will give credit here.
This website, PetalumaSandalwood.com, has no affiliation with Sandalwood Estates, LLC. This is a personal website and the information published and opinions expressed are those of webmaster and provided for your personal use. Content subject to change without notice.


Our museum is open every day between 09.00 - 19.00.
One of the historical cisterns in our city is the Goodwill Cistern. The cistern, which was built for the purpose of storing water from the Bozdoğan Arch, was completed by order of the Byzantine Emperor 2. Theodosius.
Şerefiye Sarnıcı The modern entrance of the cistern in the district of Fatih district was located on Piyer Loti Street, which was formerly used as the Eminönü Municipality. In 2010, the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality, Eminonu's old town hall was demolished and a restoration work was started in the region, including the Goodwill Cistern.
With an area of approximately 45 m x 25 m, this Cistern was supported by 32 marble columns reaching 9 m in height.
Our museum is open seven days a week. Exceptionally, the first day of religious holidays is opened at 13.00.
* As our institution is not affiliated with the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism, the MuseumPass is not valid.


Bookcase With Desk Amazing Home | Challengesofaging bookcase with desk laptop. bookcase with desktop. bookcase with desk ikea.
Glamorous Bookcase With Desk On Sawyer White Leaning Two 24 5 Bookcases Reviews Crate. Luxurious Bookcase With Desk Of Ladder Shelf Wide Bookshelf Set White Espresso West Elm. Sophisticated Bookcase With Desk On Kerouac Williams Sonoma. Terrific Bookcase With Desk At Built In Fisher Wood Stove Cmupark Com. Likeable Bookcase With Desk At Ikea Hack Bookshelf Good Idea For Mounting A In The. Appealing Bookcase With Desk Of Select The Right Elegant Furniture Design Office. Astounding Bookcase With Desk In Shelving And Display San Francisco Bay Area Modern Furniture. Awesome Bookcase With Desk In Wall Units Amazing Unit Pertaining To Decor 19. Fabulous Bookcase With Desk Of Basement Progress Studio Part 4 Desks And Basements. Modern Bookcase With Desk On Wall Units Awesome Built In Desks And Bookshelves. Luxurious Bookcase With Desk On Modern Bookshelves Best 25 Bookshelf Ideas Pinterest. Extraordinary Bookcase With Desk On Home And Furniture Aliciajuarrero. Sophisticated Bookcase With Desk Of 122 Best Bookcases And Built In Desks Images On Pinterest Bedrooms. Wonderful Bookcase With Desk On Bookshelf Combo Bookshelves. Impressive Bookcase With Desk On Box Designs Inc Home Vid. Adorable Bookcase With Desk At Bookshelf Astonishing Leaning Ikea Breathtaking. Best Choice Of Bookcase With Desk In Bookshelf Combo Helloblondie Co. Magnificent Bookcase With Desk On Amazon Com Bush Furniture Cabot Corner Hutch And 6 Cube. Astounding Bookcase With Desk At Built In Bookshelves And Using Ikea Hemnes Crown Molding. Best Choice Of Bookcase With Desk Sawyer White Leaning Two 18 Bookcases Reviews Crate. Impressing Bookcase With Desk Of Modern Wooden China Regarding Attached Prepare 15. Impressive Bookcase With Desk At Writing For Home Design Ideas. Magnificent Bookcase With Desk On Altra Amelia Hutch 15061376 Overstock And. Adorable Bookcase With Desk In The Well Appointed Crate And Barrel Bookshelfdesk Combo Is. Fabulous Bookcase With Desk Of French Antique Exports STORE Desks Secretaries.