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Posted by dccaughey in 6th U.S. Cavalry, Uncategorized
6th U.S. Cavalry, cavalry, Civil War
Photo courtesy of John Boggs, Jr.
Reader John Boggs, Jr. was kind enough to share this picture and letter of his ancestor. This is the first censored letter that I have seen from a regular soldier. A biographical sketch follows the letter. Levi Croy is mentioned numerous times in S.M. Davis' Uncommon Soldier, Common War as well as in our book on the 6th U.S. Cavalry. I have preserved the letter's original spelling and punctuation.
"Sixth U.S. Cavalry
Col. Emory Commanding
Letter No. 1, Aug. 2, 1862
My dear family; I rec'd yours of 27 of July, today. I had not rec'd any for so long I began to be uneasy. I was glad to learn of your health & sympathise with you very much in regard to your potatoes. I am very glad to hear you have a cow. Please let me know who of your neighbours was so kind. What did cow cost. I saw young Alexander today in the 10th Pa. reserves. He is well. Nite before last we had a nice spree the rebbels came down on the opposite side of the river & planted 6 or 8 guns & blazed away at our camps. I tell you they threw the shells & solid shot in fast. They had a cross fire on our camp & don no damage but kild one horse & riddled two tents not a man hurt the shell flew about 2 miles as far as the Pennsylvania reserves. A good many horses were kild in different camps but very few men. Our seage guns & gun boats got in action in a few minutes & made them skedaddle in short meetee. We have a heavy force (censored) river. Now I think (censored) no danger of another (censored). You asked when the war (censored). That is a question I am (censored) to answer but I am afraid be some time. However I think we will make a move before long I had made up my mind there would be nothing don this month. But it is my belief now we will haf to fight soon or give it up for a bad job but I believe if they let McClelan have his own way he will take Richmond & do it pretty easy. Pope is in the Shenandoey valley & I have more faith in him than all the others except McClelan he is the pet of the Army of the Potomac. Since writing the above our Regt has bin ordered out whare or for what purpos I don't know. I am so bothered by diareahe that I have remaind in camp it is dark and I will quit for tonite. – Aug. 3rd a beautiful morn. Our Regt returned about 3 o'clock this morning was out mearly on a reconnaissance. All quiet so far as they went or seen. Our camps has not been disturbed since. I think there will be a move soon& I will be able to send the glad news to you that the Army of the Potomac is in Richmond. I am expecting our pay every day & as there is a chance to send the money by express I will wait a while & send you $25 at once it will cost the same. I don't think you receive all my letters so I have numbered this & will continue to no. them as I write. You do the same & still mention the no. of the ones you receive & I will do the same then we can tell if any is miscarried. I have asked you in several letters if you ever recd the letter containing the $5 in & have got no answer. I sent you a book most a month ago & put 2 post stamps on & was told by the P.M. it would go. I have asked you in 2 letters if it came to hand I have got no answer. I got the book at the Battle of Hanover Courthouse as it was taken by me from the nap sack of a fallen rebel & would be very interesting to the children also beneficial to them. I hope it has reached you safe. I recd the stamps and am much obliged for them. I am out again & would be glad if you could send me som more as they cant be had here only as friends sends them. I am glad to hear of Roberts situation what salery does he get. I think you try to get as small sheets of paper as possible & don't fill them either. I understand there will be drafts made do you think Mercer Co. will rase its quota without. I hope so I would be very sorry to have my native place compeld to draft soldiers to protect its country. If Thomas wishes I will write him a scetch of the proceedings of the army so far as it has come under my my own observation for Publication. But I suppose he has plenty of others. Give my Respects to all the friends & tell Beccy Peirce I am obliged to her & when I com home I shal surely call for the chicken & I am sure if I had it here I would make quick havoc with a verry large one. I had some butter for supper last nite the first I have tasted for months. Please let me receive no. one letter soon. I remain your affectionate
Levi Bailey Croy was born on May 16, 1826 in Butler County, Pennsylvania. He was the second son and fifth of seven children. His father was a merchant in Shenango, Pennsylvania in 1850, according to census data. Levi lived worked as a trader and lived with his parents. He married Jennie Irwin the same year and the two had four children prior to the outbreak of the Civil War.
Lieutenant Hancock McLean enlisted Levi into Company F, 6th U.S. Cavalry on July 3, 1861 in Pittsburgh. His enlistment documents describe him as 5' 10" tall, with gray eyes, light hair and a fair complexion.
Levi served ably through the regiment's initial campaigns, earning promotions to corporal and sergeant. He was captured at the battle of Fairfield and later imprisoned at Belle Isle. He was fortunate enough to be paroled in late September and was not sent to Andersonville like some of his companions. He returned to the regiment and continued to serve until the expiration of his term of service in the field on July 3, 1864.
Levi returned to his family in Pennsylvania. According to census data, by 1870 he worked as an engineer at oil wells in Venango County. The family now included six children, and they added a seventh before the 1880 census. By 1880 the family settled near the city of Beaver in Clarion County, where Levi worked as a farmer.
Levi Bailey Croy died on August 8, 1880 at the age of 54. He is buried in St. Paul's Union Cemetery, Beaver, Clarion County. Pennsylvania.
Kentucky Farm, Virginia and the 1st U.S. Cavalry
Posted by dccaughey in Uncategorized
1st U.S. Cavalry
I've been spending some quality time with the regimental returns of the 1st U.S. Cavalry of late. They were the only regiment not to publish a regimental history in the latter half of the 19th Century, relying on the chapter provided to The Army of the United States in 1896 for posterity. I was trying to piece together the extent of their participation in the Peninsula Campaign when I came across the following from the April 1862 monthly return:
"Companies A, B, C, F, I + K 1st Cavalry left camp near Alexandria, Va Mar. 29, '62. Embarked in schooners and arrived at Hampton, Va about the 3rd of April '62. Left camp April 4th and encamped on Kentucky Farm same day. Companies E + H left camp near Alexandria April 2nd and arrived at Hampton on the 4th, left camp on the 6th and joined the other companies on Kentucky Farm same day. All of the eight companies left camp on the 11th + arrived at Camp near Ship Point same day. Left Camp near Ship Point on the 24th and arrived at this camp same day."
"This camp" meaning camp Winfield Scott, where they and the other regular cavalry regiments on the peninsula resided during the siege of Yorktown.
I had never heard of Kentucky Farm before, despite living on the peninsula for a couple of years. I checked my General Index to the O.R. — no mention. Then I used a search engine (we won't discuss what it could mean that I checked the O.R. before a search engine) and discovered that it is still there. At over 180 acres with land worth what it is these days, they must have been quite successful over the years. But for a week in April 1862 it was host to a little over 300 members of the regular cavalry.
Samuel J. Crockett, 1st U.S. Cavalry
Samuel J. Crockett was born in Baltimore, MD in January, 1837. His parents Hugh and Margaret were both Irish immigrants. The family moved to Cayuga County, NY in 1842, where his father was a farmer.
Samuel was working as a school teacher near Chicago in Sterling, Whiteside County, Illinois at the beginning of the Civil War. He initially enlisted as a private in Company B, 127th Illinois Infantry on September 5, 1862. He was discharged at Camp Douglas just a month later on October 15th for undisclosed reasons. Undeterred, he was enlisted into Company A, 1st U.S. Cavalry by Captain John Feilner on November 6, 1862. His enlistment documents describe him as 5'8″ tall, with brown hair, blue eyes and a light complexion. He was twenty five years old.
The details of Samuel's service in the 1st U.S. Cavalry are chronicled but currently unknown. He was a good soldier, progressing through the enlisted ranks to first sergeant of his company by the summer of 1863. He kept a diary of his wartime experiences that grew to three volumes by the end of the war. Gettysburg National Military Park has an excerpt of this diary for July 3, 1863, but the whereabouts of the rest of the diary is currently unknown. He was wounded at least once at some point during his service, but not seriously enough to keep him from finishing his enlistment.
Samuel Crockett returned to civilian life at the expiration of his enlistment in New Orleans, Louisiana on November 6, 1865. After a brief trip home, he attended Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University of Philadelphia, PA. Upon graduation in 1867, Dr. Crockett returned home to nearby Oswego County to practice medicine in the town of Sandy Creek. His invalid pension was approved by the War Department on September 8, 1870. Samuel maintained an interest in the Civil War, contributing an account of the fighting on South Cavalry Field at the battle of Gettysburg to John J. Bachelder.
Samuel married Frances C. Doolittle of Oswego County in 1872. They purchased a home in Sandy Creek shortly before the birth of their son, Robert L. Crockett, in February 1876. Samuel practiced medicine and lived there for the rest of his life. Samuel was the treasurer of the Oswego City Medical Society in the early 1870s. Robert became a doctor as well, eventually starting his own practice in nearby Oneida County.
Dr. Samuel Crockett died on April 3, 1906. Frances moved to Oneida and lived with Robert after Samuel's death. She filed a widow's pension and survived him by twenty years. They are buried together in Woodlawn Cemetery, Sandy Creek, Oswego County, New York.
Fiddler's Green: Manning Marius Kimmel
2nd U.S. Cavalry, battle of Bull Run, Husband Kimmel, Manning Kimmel
In an odd turn of events, I discovered a regular cavalry connection linking First Bull Run and Pearl Harbor.
Manning Marius Kimmel was born near Apple Creek, Perry County, Missouri on October 25, 1832. His mother, Caroline Monica Manning, died as a result of his birth. His father, Joseph Singleton Husband Kimmel, was a successful merchant and member of the St Louis city council between 1840 and 1850. He had an older sister, Julia, and three younger siblings after his father remarried.
Kimmel attend Princeton University until he was dismissed during his junior year. He then secured an appointment to West Point in July 1853. He graduated in the middle of his class, 22 of 38, on July 1, 1857, a classmate of Marcus Reno. He was initially appointed a brevet second lieutenant of cavalry, as there were no vacancies in the two cavalry regiments at the time he graduated. Kimmel attended the Cavalry School for Practice at Carlisle, PA while awaiting his appointment as an officer. On August 18, 1858, he received his appointment as a second lieutenant in the 2nd U.S. Cavalry and was assigned to Company G.
Lieutenant Kimmel proceeded at once to his regiment in Texas, joining his company at Camp Radziminski under Captain William Bradfute. In a unique series of events, he assumed command of Company G on February 10, 1859. Captain Bradfute shot and killed one of the privates in Company K after a disagreement involving the private punching the captain in the face. Although found not guilty after a military investigation, Captain Bradfute was subsequently involved in civil court proceedings over the death which lasted until early 1861 when he resigned to join the Confederacy. Since the company's first lieutenant was away on recruiting duty, command of the company fell to Second Lieutenant Kimmel. He would command the company for the remainder of his time in the regiment.
Soon after assuming command, Kimmel and Company G joined five other companies of the 5th U.S. Cavalry under Captain Earl Van Dorn for a spring campaign against the Comanche. On May 13, 1859, the regiment engaged a force under Buffalo Hump in what became known as the battle of Crooked Creek. Lieutenant Kimmel and his company served as skirmishers in the fight. Lieutenant Fitzhugh Lee was a friend of Kimmel's. Although serving as adjutant for the campaign, he joined Kimmel's company for the fight. It was nearly his last, as he took a nearly fatal arrow wound in the chest. Kimmel had a bullet pass through his hat, but was otherwise unscathed in his first enemy action. After the campaign, the company shifted to Fort Inge for the remainder of the year.
In 1860 they were ordered to Brownsville as a result of the hostilities there between Texans and marauders under Juan N. Cortina. Company G and Captain George Stoneman's Company E joined Texas Rangers under Rip Ford for a brief incursion into Mexico near Reynosa in April. The remainder of Kimmel's stay in Texas was relatively uneventful. He participated in the regiment's withdrawal through Indianola according to the terms of General Twiggs' surrender, and after landing in New York City accompanied the regiment to the cavalry depot at Carlisle, PA. Kimmel disembarked to learn that he was promoted to first lieutenant, but stayed with Company G. Many of his comrades, including his friend Fitzhugh Lee, resigned their commissions and rode south to join the Confederacy.
After a few short weeks of training with new horses and equipment, the regiment returned to the field. While most of the regiment moved south under Major George Thomas to near Harpers Ferry, Kimmel's Company G was ordered to the defenses of Washington. He served there until July, when his company was assigned to a composite battalion of regular cavalry under Major Innis Palmer. The battalion was subsequently assigned to Tyler's division, where they served in the battle of Bull Run on July 21st. It played no major part in the battle until the end. While they spent much of the day supporting artillery batteries, they formed the backbone of the rear guard during the army's headlong retreat from the battlefield.
Evidently the battle evoked a realization that he couldn't fight against the Confederacy. After seeing his company settled into position picketing to the west of the city, Kimmel took leave of them. The decision was apparently made due to conversations with one of his fellow company commanders from the battle, Captain Francis K. Armstrong of Company K, 2nd U.S. Dragoons. The two travelled to Louisville together, where both resigned their commissions at the Galt House. Armstrong resigned on the 13th and Kimmel on the 14th. Both went to work on the staff of Brigadier General Ben McCulloch as majors.
Kimmel never again led troops in battle, remaining a staff officer. He served as an adjutant general on McCulloch's staff until he was killed at the battle of Pea Ridge, Arkansas on March 7, 1862. He was then reunited with Earl Van Dorn, now a Confederate major general. He worked as an assistant adjutant general for Van Dorn, and accidentally admitted the man who shot him on May 7, 1863. After a brief stint as the Confederate Adjutant General of Missouri, he finished the war on the staff of Major General John B. Magruder.
Fearing reprisal for his Confederate service, Kimmel fled to Mexico City from Houston when the war ended. He worked as an engineer for the City of Mexico and Vera Cruz Railroad for about a year, returning to Cape Girardeau, Missouri in late 1866.
In 1868 Kimmel married Sibbella Lambert. Their marriage lasted 48 years and produced seven children. Three of his sons joined the Navy. Not long after their marriage they moved to Kentucky. Manning worked as the superintendent of the St. Bernard Coal Company in St. Charles, KY from 1872-1885. In 1885 he settled in Henderson, KY where he worked as a coal dealer and real estate agent. He also served on the school board and city council.
Manning Kimmel died of a cerebral hemorrhage at his home on February 27, 1916. He was 83 years old. He is buried with his wife in Fernwood Cemetery, Henderson, Kentucky.
His son Husband, serving in the Navy at sea at the time of his father's death, went on to be the admiral of the Pacific Fleet on December 7, 1941 when the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor.
Court Martial Insights
Posted by dccaughey in 1864, 2nd U.S. Cavalry, Civil War, courts martial, references, research, Reserve Brigade, Uncategorized
2nd U.S. Cavalry, cavalry, Civil War, courts martial, Culpeper;, officers, winter encampment;
I first realized the possible value of court martial records when I read Dr. Mark W. Johnson's excellent book, That Body of Brave Men. Intrigued by what he had to say about the value of the records, I did a bit of investigating.
As I perused the War Department's General Orders for 1863 and 1864, it struck me that relatively few cavalrymen were court martialed, and even fewer regular cavalrymen. I was able to make copies of a few records on a couple of visits to the National Archives, and friend Bob O'Neill was kind enough to copy another dozen or more. Much to my delight, there is a wealth of information in these files. Nothing book worthy in and of itself, but countless smaller details that bring the larger history to life.
As a case study, let's take a look at the court martial of Second Lieutenant Peter Rinner of the 2nd U.S. Cavalry in January 1864. Rinner was a veteran whose enlisted service started in the Mexican War, and a first sergeant in the regiment when he was commissioned the year before. I will save the other details of his service for a future post. The charge was drunk on guard. The specification was "while on Provost Guard with his squadron did become so drunk as to be unable to perform his duty as an officer. This at or near the town of Culpeper, Va. On or about the 24th day of December 1863."
To set the stage a bit, during the winter encampment of 1863-1864 the regular cavalry regiments and possibly others rotated on provost guard duty in the town of Culpeper, Virginia. Without going into the details of the testimony, here is a sampling some of the information I discovered from just this one record.
A squadron strong, the guard rotated shifts daily. The squadron was responsible for guard posts in town and pickets in vicinity of the town.
The headquarters for the squadron on provost guard was a room in the Virginia Hotel. The officers on guard, typically a captain and two lieutenants, slept together in this room.
It was not customary for there to be a formal mounting of the guard when the relief happened within the regiment. Guard posts included the hotel, the Orange & Alexandria railroad depot, and "the church." This was probably St. Stephen's Episcopal Church, built in 1821. Specific identification of guards' names, ranks and companies validated unit roster.
Battery G, 2nd U.S. Artillery was located in Culpeper, and its commander, Lt. William N. Dennison, also had a room at the Virginia Hotel. One of the units of the Horse Artillery Brigade, relations between the officers of the battery and the 2nd U.S. Cavalry were cordial enough that there was a party in Dennison's room on December 23rd which seven officers attended.
It was permissible for an officer of the guard to visit a party, drink and play cards as long as his duties were fulfilled and he did not become incapacitated. In this case his squadron commander was present at the time and it was not considered an offense.
Company morning report books were required to be signed by commanders every morning, even when the officer was on guard.
The regimental adjutant placed officers in arrest, not the company or squadron commander.
Division headquarters appointed general courts martial. Brigade headquarters selected the board members selected from the regiments of the accused's brigade. Both volunteer and regular officers could sit on the court martial of a regular officer. Court martial duty superseded all other duties, including unit movements. The proceedings of the previous day were read to the accused and the court first thing in the morning after the court convened.
The 1st New York Dragoons had already joined the Reserve Brigade before the Christmas of 1863.
Justice was swift. The court reached its verdict on January 11th. Only two days later, the proceedings were approved by the division commander and sent to Major General Sedgwick, in temporary command of the Army of the Potomac.
The Army of the Potomac was cracking down on professionalism during the winter encampment. By February 18th, army headquarters had already published four general court martial orders since January 1st. Each order encompassed the results of multiple courts. This fourth order included four courts ruling on ten officers for various forms of misconduct. All ten were cashiered.
Not every court martial record contains valuable information, but this is definitely a largely underutilized source of primary source material. Another tool available to bring pieces of history to light.
Source: NARA, Record Group 153: Office of the Judge Advocate General. Folder LL1362: Court-Martial of Second Lieutenant Peter Rinner, 2nd U.S. Cavalry, January 1864.
Thomas Wathey, 6th U.S. Cavalry
Posted by dccaughey in 6th U.S. Cavalry, battle of Antietam, battle of Fairfield, Uncategorized, volunteers
6th U.S. Cavalry, battle of Antietam, battle of Fairfield, Civil War, Civil War cavalry, soldiers, Winchester
A Union Deserter Settles in Winchester
Photo courtesy of Krista Al Qirim Thompson
Thomas Wathey was born on February 2, 1841 in Londonderry, Ireland to Thomas and Mary Wathey. His mother was Irish and his father a Scot. In 1855, Mary, Thomas and his younger brother Will emigrated from Liverpool on the ship American Union. The family had a lower deck non-cabin berth. They arrived in New York City on June 16, 1855 en route to Rhode Island. According to the 1860 census, Thomas worked as a machinist in Providence, but by the following year the family moved to Northbridge, MA.
On May 25, 1861 Thomas was one of 64 men from Northbridge who enlisted in Company H, 15th Massachusetts Infantry. The regiment mustered into Federal service on July 12, 1861 and moved to Washington the following month. On October 21st the regiment saw its first action at Ball's Bluff and suffered the heaviest losses of any of the Union regiments engaged. Thomas was wounded in the leg and sent home to recover from his wound. While he was home, he married Harriet Elizabeth Smith in Northbridge, MA on November 23, 1861. Minister William Merrill presided over the ceremony.
The following spring the 15th MA was assigned to the II Corps and accompanied the rest of the Army of the Potomac to the peninsula. The regiment fought at Seven Pines, Savage's Station, and Glendale with modest losses. One of the last regiments to depart the peninsula in August, the 15th Massachusetts missed the battle of Second Bull Run. Military service agreed with Thomas, and he rapidly progressed through the enlisted ranks from private to first sergeant of Company H.
The regiment was brigaded with the 1st Minnesota, 34th and 82nd New York under Brigadier General Willis A. Gorman during the Maryland Campaign. In heavy fighting at the battle of Antietam it fought against the brigades of Semmes, Early and Barksdale and was savagely flanked by the Confederates not far from Dunkard Church. It suffered 52% casualties, losing 320 killed, wounded or missing of 606 engaged. Eleven men were killed in Wathey's Company H alone. For the second time in less than a year the 15th Massachusetts suffered the heaviest losses by a Union regiment in a battle.
This was enough for Thomas. A month later he transferred to Company M, 6th U.S. Cavalry on October 24, 1862 in Knoxville, MD. His enlistment documents described him as 5' 8 ½ " tall, with blue eyes, brown hair and a fair complexion. When the regiment returned to Virginia the following month, he and the other volunteers were sent to a camp of instruction outside of Washington to be mounted and trained.
Private Wathey quickly completed the training and rejoined the regiment. He spent the winter rotating off and on picket duty along the Rappahannock River. Cavalry life evidently agreed with him, as he was promoted to corporal before spring campaigning started.
Corporal Wathey participated in Stoneman's Raid and the regiment's heavy engagement at Brandy Station without injury, as well as the long march and skirmishes on the way to Gettysburg. At Fairfield on July 3, 1863, he fought dismounted in Lt. Adna Chaffee's squadron behind a fence in an apple orchard on the regiment's left flank. Unable to reach their horse holders when the regiment was overrun, Wathey was one of the majority of his company captured by the Confederates. When his first sergeant conducted roll call the following day, only two privates in the company were present for duty.
Corporal Wathey marched on foot south with the rest of the prisoners to Harrisonburg in the Shenandoah Valley, then travelled by rail the rest of the way to Richmond. After being processed at Castle Thunder in Richmond, they were incarcerated on Belle Isle on the James River. Wathey was fortunate, as Company M's were in the first group of prisoners paroled and sent north the following month. Wathey returned to duty with the regiment at the beginning of September.
Corporal Wathey was re-enlisted in Company M by Lt. Tullius Tupper on February 8, 1864. The documents say Brandy Station, but more than likely this happened at the Reserve Brigade's encampment at nearby Mitchell's Station. His fortunes in battle improved greatly, as he fought in all of the regiment's major engagements of 1864 and 1865 without incident.
Thomas didn't serve long after the end of the war. Following the Appomattox campaign, the regiment was sent to Pleasant Valley, MD to recruit and re-fit. As the regiment prepared to head west to the frontier, he deserted on July 23, 1866. He did not return home to Massachusetts, and his first wife Hattie remarried to Frank A. Cross in Northbridge, MA on August 6, 1868.
Oddly enough, the former Union cavalryman returned to the Shenandoah Valley. He settled in Winchester, VA and eventually joined the Masonic fraternity. He married Winchester native Marietta Clark, daughter of Willis B. and Emily Z. (nee' Pierce) Clark. The couple's first three children died in their first year, but the next three survived. Their final child also did not survive his first year in 1881.
Thomas remained in the Winchester area of Frederick County for the rest of his life. In 1880 he lived in Stonewall township, in 1890 Shawnee, and in 1900 on his son Thomas Norval Wathey's farm as a laborer. He moved in with his son following his wife's death on October 28, 1898.
On the 1890 veteran's schedule, Thomas listed his service as a sergeant in Company H, 2nd U.S. Cavalry from 1858 to 1866. When he applied for a disability pension on July 25, 1892, he again cited service the wrong regiment and omitted his desertion. Understandably, the processing of his claim was greatly delayed by the inaccuracies of the filing.
Thomas Wathey died after a brief illness of pleurisy in Winchester on March 3, 1907. He had finally received a back payment for his pension of $1,100 just a month before. He was buried in the German Lutheran Church Cemetery next to his wife. His obituary in the Winchester Evening Star read:
"Obituary: Mr. Thomas Wathey, a well-known and highly-respected citizen of Winchester, who had made this city his home ever since the Civil War, passed away about 10 o'clock on Sunday morning at his home on North Kent street, near the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad passenger station, after a brief illness of pleurisy, aged 66 years."
Adjutant General of Massachusetts. Massachusetts Soldiers, Sailors, and Marines in the Civil War, Volume VII. Boston: Norwood Press, 1931.
Caughey, Donald C. and Jimmy J. Jones. The 6th United States Cavalry in the Civil War. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, Inc.: 2013.
Clemens, Thomas G., ed. The Maryland Campaign of September 1862. Vol. II: Antietam. El Dorado Hills: Savas Beatie LLC, 2012.
Ford, Andrew E. The Story of the Fifteenth Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry in the Civil War 1861-1864. Boston: W.J. Coulter Press, 1898.
National Archives, Record Group 94, U.S. Army Register of Enlistments, 1798-1914.
National Archives, Record Group 94, U.S. Returns from Regular Army Non-infantry Regiments, 1821-1916: 6th U.S. Cavalry.
National Archives, Record Group 15, Records of the Veterans Administration, Pension record #67724.
"Thos. Wathey Dead; Just Got Pension." Evening Star, Winchester, VA, March 4, 1907.
U.S. Federal Census, 1860, 1880 and 1890. Accessed on Ancestry.com, March 2020.
Please pardon the mess as I work through updating and reorganizing the site. I very recently switched the blog to its own domain, and I haven't fixed everything that went wonky from the move yet.
Book Review: Bloody Autumn
Posted by dccaughey in 1864, battle of Cedar Creek, Battle of Winchester, book reviews, reviews, Uncategorized
book reviews, Civil War, Shenandoah Valley campaign
Bloody Autumn: The Shenandoah Valley Campaign of 1864. Daniel T. Davis and Phillip S. Greenwalt. El Dorado Hills: Savas Beatie LLC, 2013. 148 pgs.
This book by Daniel T. Davis and Phillip S. Greenwalt is part of the excellent Emerging Civil War Series by publishing company Savas Beatie. As a rule, the books provide a good summary of the battle in question, with numerous appendices related to driving tours and additional context for the battle. This book exceeds high standards already set by the series.
Davis and Greenwalt do an excellent job in providing a coherent summary of this complicated campaign. The strategic context for both sides flows into opening moves and through the various engagements to its conclusion. The appendices are delightful, providing multiple driving tours and a section on battlefield preservation as well as an excellent essay on the campaign in memory. The work doesn't attempt to answer every question about the campaign, but provides a solid foundation for further in-depth study of any of the engagements or the campaign as a whole. I found the historical perspective fair and well-balanced, neither lionizing nor vilifying the leaders of either side.
Cartographer Hal Jesperson's excellent maps are plentiful and easily understood, a rarity in such works. They not only help the reader follow the campaign from home, but the driving tours make it much easier for people to explore the field today.
I highly recommend this book to anyone interested in the Civil War, both beginners and those well-versed in the war.
Impatient Buckeyes
I have written on many occasions of volunteers who tired of duty in the infantry by the battle of Antietam and transferred to the regular cavalry thinking to escape the rigors and bloodshed of that life. Recently, however, I came across group of fellows with the opposite problem — they were tired of waiting to get into the war.
Seven members of Company A, 125th Ohio Volunteer Infantry transferred to the 2nd U.S. Cavalry on October 27, 1862. They were not veterans serving in Maryland like most of their peers, but newly enlisted volunteers in Columbus, Ohio. All seven were enlisted by Captain Robert Clary into Company A, 2nd U.S. Cavalry. The men, ranging in age from 19 to 23, had enlisted in the volunteer service on the 21st and 22nd of August. Their company was not mustered into federal service until September 16th by Captain J.R. Paxton of the 15th U.S. Infantry at Camp Cleveland, Ohio. Theirs was the only company mustered. Companies B, C and D would follow in November, with the other companies to follow. After over two months of the tedium of drill with no action in sight, the men decided to take matters into their own hands when they encountered Captain Clary.
Ironically, the sergeant who was presumably the ringleader of this idea was the only one not to honorably complete his term of service with the regulars. Sergeant Benjamin F. Rhodes deserted four days after his enlistment On October 31st at Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania. He was a farmer prior to his enlistments, born in Greenport, Ohio. His enlistment documents describe him a 5' 9" tall, with gray eyes, dark hair and a dark complexion.
Corporal Thomas G Stradford, born in Philadelphia, worked as a clerk before the war. He served his entire three year enlistment as a private in Company A, leaving the service at St. Louis, Missouri on October 25, 1865. His enlistment documents describe him a 5' 7" tall, with gray eyes, dark hair and a dark complexion. He filed for an invalid pension on June 22, 1880 and died August 5, 1915 in Washington, D.C.
Amos V. Bailey was the only one of the group to serve as a noncommissioned officer in the regulars, finishing his enlistment as a sergeant at St. Louis in October 1865. Born in Husford County, Maryland, he was a farmer before his enlistment. He settled in Maryland after the war, and died near Churchill, Maryland on September 20, 1917.
Private Andrew Cook left no further records after enlisting into the regulars. He was a farmer before the war, born in Green Township, Ohio. His enlistment documents describe him as 5' 10" tall, with hazel eyes, light hair and a ruddy complexion.
Private James G. Crawford was not able to serve long in the regulars before succumbing to disease. By February 1863 he was hospitalized by disease at Carver Hospital in Washington, D.C., and did not return to the regiment. On July 2, 1864 he was transferred to Company B, 2nd Veteran Reserve Corps, where he was promoted to sergeant. Interestingly, I was unable to find evidence of an invalid claim for him after the war. Born in Madison, Ohio, he worked as a miller before the war. His enlistment documents describe him as 5'7' tall, with gray eyes, light hair and a ruddy complexion.
Private Marion Parker was the only one of the seven not to survive the war. He died of a disease of the lungs on December 27, 1862 at Fort Albany, Virginia. A farmer before the war, he was born in Goshen, Ohio. His enlistment documents describe him as 5' 7" tall, with gray eyes, dark hair and a fresh complexion.
Private Benjamin Franklin Stover survived the war and left regular service in October 1865 in St. Louis. His enlistment documents describe him as 5' 6" tall, with hazel eyes, light hair and a ruddy complexion. A farmer before the war, he was born in Pennsylvania. He married after the war and settled in Nebraska. Stover filed for an invalid pension on September 11, 1890. He died May 16, 1918 in Omaha, Nebraska and is buried there in Forest Lawn Memorial Park.
As for the 125th Ohio, it was quite some time after these men left before it tasted battle. The regiment fought in the major battles of the western theater from the battle of Chickamauga through the end of the war.
Yellowstone and the Cavalry
Posted by dccaughey in 1st U.S. Cavalry, 3rd U.S. Cavalry, 4th U.S. Cavalry, 5th U.S. Cavalry, 6th U.S. Cavalry, 7th U.S. Cavalry, cavalry, Uncategorized
1st U.S. Cavalry, cavalry, Fort Yellowstone, Moses Harris, Yellowstone National Park
As many of my friends are aware, I made my first visit to Yellowstone National Park a few weeks ago in the company of our Boy Scout troop. While I thoroughly enjoyed the scenic beauty and wildlife of the park, I dimly remembered something about Moses Harris, one of the cavalry regiments, and the parks. Cell and internet service being very sketchy at best in the area, I resolved to look into it when I returned.
Lest one think this simply another manifestation of my determination to find a connection of Civil War cavalry with anything I happen to run across, I will first direct the reader to this article on the Yellowstone NPS webpage, entitled "How The U.S. Cavalry Saved Our National Parks" .
If the name Moses Harris sounds familiar, it should. An enlisted man in the 4th U.S. Cavalry and officer in the 1st U.S. Cavalry during the Civil War, I have previously written about him here. I came across several new items while researching his Yellowstone connections, so there will be an updated biographical sketch of him posted here in the near future.
Yellowstone National Park was established in 1872, one of the original national parks. As such, there was no inherent program for the administration of the park and the protection of its resources. Civilian superintendents were appointed, but with little instruction or resources to carry out their mandate to protect the park and its treasures. Consequently, the park was under constant threat from those who wanted to exploit its resources. This varied from souvenir hunters and poachers to tourist facilities in and around the geysers and hot springs.
In 1886 the problem came to a head when Congress refused to appropriate additional funds to administer the park. The Secretary of the Interior turned to the Secretary of War for assistance. In August, Captain Moses Harris and the 50 men of his Company M, 1st U.S. Cavalry were ordered from Fort Custer, Montana to the park.
Here is Captain Harris' account of his time at Yellowstone:
"In August 1886 Captain Harris was ordered to take station with his troop in the Yellowstone National Park relieving the civilian superintendent, and was ordered to report to the Secretary of the Interior for instructions relative to the protection of the Park. Having so reported was directed to perform the duties which had previously been performed by the superintendent of the Park and his assistants. He remained at this station with his troop performing the civil duties of the superintendent of the National Park, and with his troop giving the Park full and efficient protection until June 1889, when he was ordered to take station at Fort Custer. It is proper in connection to state that the reports of the Secretary of the Interior for the years 1887, 1888, and 1889 contain expressions of satisfaction at the efficient manner in which the duty of protecting the park had been performed and its interests cared for during the tour of duty in the Park of Captain Harris and his command."
For those interested, one of Captain Harris' annual reports to the Secretary of the Interior can be found here.
At first, the soldiers lived in temporary frame buildings at what was initially called Camp Sheridan at the foot of the Mammoth Hot Springs Terraces. After five cold, harsh winters, the Army realized there was no end in sight to this assignment and requested funds from Congress for a permanent post. These funds were granted in 1890, and the post renamed Fort Yellowstone.
The first buildings of Fort Yellowstone were finished by late 1891, though Company M had been replaced by a different company by then. An almost identical set of wooden buildings was finished in 1897 to house a second troop. In 1909, sandstone buildings were constructed, increasing the fort's capacity to four troops (approximately 400 men). The stone for these buildings was obtained from a local quarry. At its height in 1910, over 300 soldiers manned the park between the fort and outlying posts.
In 1916, the National Park Service was created and assumed control of the park. After a brief return the following year, the Army departed the park for the final time in 1918. Fort Yellowstone became the administrative center of the park for the new organization. Over the 32 years of its tenure, troops from 10 different cavalry regiments served in the park: the 1st, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 11th and 13th U.S. Cavalry Regiments.
Ironically, I didn't get to see Fort Yellowstone while I was in the park. Maybe on my next visit.


text:
Quadricalcarifera quadrivittata är en fjärilsart som beskrevs av Sergius G. Kiriakoff 1967. Quadricalcarifera quadrivittata ingår i släktet Quadricalcarifera och familjen tandspinnare. Inga underarter finns listade.

Källor

Tandspinnare
quadrivittata

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
s. 44ZZC(3) Access Undertaking – Australian Rail Track Corporation - Extension to 28 February 2019 variation
Mobile terminating access service
Declared service Under section 152AL(3) of the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (Act), the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission declares that the mobile terminating access service (MTAS) is a "declared service" for the purposes of Part XIC of the Act.
Domestic transmission capacity service
The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission declares pursuant to section 152AL(3) of the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (the Act) that the Domestic Transmission Capacity Service (DTCS) is a "declared service" for the purposes of Part XIC of the Act. The declaration takes effect on 1 April 2019 and expires on 31 March 2024.
Declared service Pursuant to section 152ALA(4) of the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (the Act), the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission extends the expiry date for the Wholesale Line Rental (WLR) declaration to 30 June 2024.
Fixed Originating Access Service
Declared service Pursuant to section 152ALA(4) of the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (the Act), the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission extends the expiry date for the Fixed Originating Access Service (FOAS) declaration to 30 June 2024.
Declared service Pursuant to section 152ALA(4) of the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (the Act), the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission extends the expiry date for the Line Sharing Service (LSS) declaration to 30 June 2024.
Declared service Pursuant to section 152ALA(4) of the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (the Act), the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission extends the expiry date for the Unconditioned Local Loop Service (ULLS) declaration to 30 June 2024.
Declared service Pursuant to section 152ALA(4) of the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (the Act), the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission extends the expiry date for the Fixed Terminating Access Service (FTAS) declaration to 30 June 2024.
Declared service Pursuant to section 152ALA(4) of the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (the Act), the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission extends the expiry date for the Local Carriage Service (LCS) declaration to 30 June 2024.
Wholesale ADSL
Declared Service Pursuant to section 152ALA(4) of the Competition and Consumer Act the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission extends the expiry date for the wholesale asymmetric digital subscriber line service (Wholesale ADSL Service) declaration to 13 February 2022.
Remove s.163 undertaking filter s.163 undertaking 2
Remove Other service determinations filter Other service determinations 2
Remove Current declarations filter Current declarations 12
Remove Section 44ZZC(3) Extensions of operating period of an access undertaking or an access code filter Section 44ZZC(3) Extensions of operating period of an access undertaking or an access code 6

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
'Calm creator of wrathful gods'
« A sculpture with some history
Why limit yourself to one culture, one religion or one tribe? »
Father was a small farmer. Like his neighbours, he made earthenware pots in the alley in front of the house during the quieter seasons. Once in a while, he - or whoever was on call in the neighbourhood - would take a fully loaded handcart through one of the surrounding villages or towns.
Mostly loaded with various sizes of water pots. For even if a house had a modern water pipe, it would only provide water for about an hour a day.
Like all children in the neighbourhood, Kalu used to play with the clay that father prepared for use. As the umpteenth generation of their jyapu caste, the children were after all destined for a similar existence.
There were hardly any schools in the valley - but there was no money for that anyway. Still, this generation had it slightly better than the previous ones.
Before Nepal opened its borders in 1951 and the Rana dictatorship came to an end, grandpa was often forced to do all kinds of unpaid work for higher castes.
As a teenager, apart from pots, Kalu sometimes made animal figures as well - a useless fancy of a youngster. At the age of twenty-two, sudden illnesses confined him to bed for a longer period of time.
In order to support his young family, he kneaded animal figures and tiny toys in bed. A friend had them cast in brass and tried to sell them for him.
Once he was back on his feet, he visited a few foundries and sculpture carvers more frequently. Poor as he was - and perhaps worse in those days, coming from a different, lower caste - he tried to copy the craft.
A few years later, a sculptor, Sangh Ratna Shakya, asked him to help with the workload he suddenly received.
In those days - the fifties and sixties - many monks and other refugees fled Tibet and crossed the Himalayas. With them they regularly dragged antique sacred images along that had been smashed by the Communist Red Guard.
Many of Tibet's ancient monasteries were simply blown up with dynamite.
For Marx and Mao considered religion to be 'the opium of the people', it obstructed the 'cultural revolution'.
Many of the images, however, had been damaged during the weeks-long flight: a broken arm, lost symbols and so on.
For about two decades, Sangh and Kalu restored these damaged statues. The sculptures varied in quality as well as style. Kalu was especially fascinated by the savage, angry figures. Gradually he learned to sculpt wax models in that specific, tantric style.
His interaction with the fugitive monks also influenced him. He adopted their stern, austere lifestyle. For the rest of his life, he got up at three in the morning for meditation and a morning walk. After food he worked from noon till eight in the evening.
With no schooling or experience, it was not surprising that his first sculptures appeared somewhat stiff and sparse. But in time, Tibetan monks recognised the quality of his work.
In 1970 he was commissioned to make a gift for the fourteenth Dalai Lama: a statue of the Palden Lhamo, the only female protector of the doctrine. Seated on a horse and as tall as 108 cm, the statue made a big impression.
In the years that followed, he received assignments from various monasteries in Nepal, Tibet and India.
In between, he, the devout Buddhist, replaced ancient public sculptures for local communities whenever thieves had looted them at night. This Dhanwantari statue, for instance.
His lifelong, stern work ethic meant that his work found its way into many places in Asia, Europe and the United States.
Mostly installed in monasteries and temples, but also, for example, on display in the Victoria & Albert Museum.
In the latter days of his life, Kalu Kumala was showered with awards in his own country.
After Nepal opened its borders in 1951, he certainly did his share in making the traditional, high-quality Newarese arts known worldwide .
Some insiders even wonder whether the 'calm creator of wrathful gods' – as The Himalayan Times (1-22-'06) named him – has not been a great stylistic impulse for Newarese art in the recent decades with his own specific tantric style.
'Now I am 71 years old and still intend to continue my profession as a sculptor,' he said in a 2003 interview. 'This art is our nation's heritage and I am proud of it.'
Together, the images above form the eight manifestations of Guru Rinpoche or Padmasambhava. We bought the set in the eighties. Only recently we found the right, matching thangka, as well as the space to display the set properly.
The statues were made according to the lost wax method, then chiselled and fire-gilded.
Their height varies between 25 and 35 cm.


I stood, scrutinizing the vast expanse before me in the brilliant sunshine. My heart beat feverishly but otherwise I was paralyzed as I considered the prospect of swinging across the canyons of El Valle Grande in San Rafael, Argentina. A web of seven zipline cables and twelve platforms stood before me, all located more than sixty meters tall and over twelve hundred meters long. As long as I could manage not to smack into the mountain it'd only be a sixty meter fall to the water, right? As the guide from San Rafael with calm blue eyes and gauges finishes clipping in my carabineers he says, "Dale, lista?" Okay, ready?
I held my breath, fixed my gloves, stuck out my feet as I think he mentioned in the Castellano instructions, gripped the top and front rope with all my might, and despite a little hesitation and butterflies doing acrobatics in my stomach, finally let go. Descent…WAHHH.. wait.. okay.. this is beautiful.. and rather exciting.. The wind teased my hair with a great woosh and all of a sudden I was a bird, slicing through the air as I snuck glimpses of the blue-green water below.
Unfortunately I was so distracted by the view that I didn't catch the guide at the other platform holding up his palm: the signal for me to 'put on the breaks' with my leather glove. At the last moment, I caught myself from crashing and halted to a stop. I made it. The exhilaration was incredible. Okay, maybe I can manage this, I thought. I gradually felt less and less apprehensive and began to take in the striking scenery and truly enjoy each of the following cable rides.
A lot of my family and friends asked me why I chose Argentina instead of Spain. Europe is exciting, but I have always been intrigued by Argentine culture and economy. I think I simply wanted to try something different. It was a risk but I am so happy that I chose Argentina. It didn't come without some bumps along the way, though.
My experience of foreignness in Argentina is like the zipline. With different cultural encounters I am at first a bit paralyzed and apprehensive. Language in Mendoza has been my most prevalent change in daily life and has given me the biggest feeling of foreignness. It has been a humbling experience to be thrown into a world where I need to work twice as hard to simply understand what is going on or to have a conversation. It's easy to feel stupid when I fumble my words, need something repeated, or when I go to the café and try to order and the waitress gives me an appalled look. Argentines have a lot of slang, too. It is that much more rewarding when I begin to see myself being able to communicate effectively, picking up the slang, and being mistook for a Mendocina.
Another feeling of foreignness stems from being from the U.S. specifically. Sometimes I can sense preconceptions that immediately emerge after I say I am from the United States. Although Argentines don't dress too differently from Americans, blatantly staring is a common thing for anyone to do as well as piropos (comments or whistles on the streets). There is a considerable amount of economic turmoil here because the Argentine peso is so unstable. Argentines are passionate about politics and truly stick up for what they believe in. It is bizarre to hear some Argentineans speak about the U.S. as if everything is perfect there. I've found that I do enjoy discussing economics and considering the differences between the U.S. and Argentina with my host family and in my classes.
Am I looking at life through a new lens? Do I have a worldview yet? The truth is, I have no clue. All I know is that I am living each experience fully. Like the zipline, at a certain point I realize that I have to just go for it. I'm hopping on to that horse who is named Arlequín after an Italian clown. I'm trekking the Salinas Grandes – a massive salt desert spanning miles in Northern Argentina. I'm walking into a fourth year economics class at the Universidad de Congreso filled with twenty Argentines and introducing myself as "Emily la extranjera." Taking risks is exciting, but utterly terrifying.
Like the zipline, sometimes I have to gauge myself and focus on 'putting on the breaks' when I get too caught up in travels and don't spend enough time on homework or hang out with my American friends more than my Argentine friends. I am working to find a balance between being my proud 'extranjera' self while at the same time taking chances and adapting to Argentine life.
Emily Seitz is a student at University of St. Thomas of Minnesota and studied abroad with IFSA-Butler on the Mendoza Universities Program in 2013.


The 10 biggest USA sale days of 2018 will all occur between November and December, because Q4 is as stuffed with high conversion shopping days as an only child's Christmas stocking is stuffed with trinkets and sweets. That's because gift buying, decorating, splurging on bargains, traveling, and stocking up on gear for New Year's resolutions, is all par for the course for the next several weeks.
What is interesting for app marketers is that in recent years, the seasonal boost has been increasingly mobile; a recent survey found that 48% of the polled audience was going to increase their digital shopping during the holidays, sighting they now feel more comfortable completing purchases on mobile devices, enjoy the convenience of avoiding crowds, and believe their gadgets help them bag better deals than when physically shopping in stores. And with overall consumer confidence at its highest levels since 2000 by some measurements, the mobile boost for November and December is poised to equal or surpass the epic 17.8% increase in retail ecommerce sales seen in 2017 (eMarketer predicts US e-commerce alone will generate $123.4 billion in Q4 revenue).
So enough data and hype, we all want a piece of the holiday UA and conversion boost, so let's get to some actionable insights! Our international Mobile Masterminds have pooled together their knowledge to share how they plan to get the most out of their end of the year marketing budgets, so check out their stories below and put their insight to work for you, see you at the bottom!
The first insight comes from Arturo Camargo, who was the Head of Growth and Marketing at InstaFit App during the holiday season last year. He says getting an early start and ramping up to the holidays is critical to getting the most out of the end of the year marketing spend. Timing can mean the difference between campaigns that reach highly engaged holiday season users at a killer CPI, and expensive campaigns that reach a fraction of your usual audience.
To compensate, Arturo says his winning strategy last year was building an audience before the holidays, while CPMs were still stable. Additionally, pre-booking ad placements made it possible to negotiate the best prices and ensure that the premium placements he wanted were available, and didn't get scooped up by other companies with bigger purse strings. With his strategic spend pre-booked he then identified the best dates to focus on alternative, cheaper channels (email, SMS, push notifications, etc.) to retarget users with tailored messaging and boost CTR and CVR.
"InstaFit was an interesting app to strategize for during the holidays last year. As a fitness app, we weren't sure if we would be able to see the end of year boost in our particular vertical, until the New Year's resolution season kicked in (in January), and weren't sure if increased marketing budget was going to be worth it too far out from the new year.
Our next bit of insight comes from Rocio Perez, the Mobile Acquisition Manager at Liligo (Edreams Odigeo). Although the meta travel search app is relatively new in the market, Rocio isn't, and her previous experience marketing during the end of the year quarter told her she needed the eye-catching creatives and special deals to boost conversions.
Many marketers use festive colors and seasonal references during the holiday season, as they have been shown to increase new and existing users' interest in app store listings, ad creatives, and retargeting. But interested users will only convert if their expectations are met. If you change your app's icon or UI, or use festive creatives, you need to deliver something new and exciting in order to actually turn users' curiosity, into conversions, which is where special deals and promos come into play.
But for many apps, the ability to offer special deals or promos is limited. In the case of Liligo's app, Rocio wanted her campaigns to center around a great offer, but as a metasearch site that doesn't actually control any of their pricing, they were facing a roadblock. So what was the workaround?
1.) Promote dedicated FB campaigns for Black Friday/Cyber Monday and Christmas, which will display the right banners for each occasion with offers and new prices 2.) Share discount banners with our retargeting partners during the campaigns 3.) Promote the campaigns with our top networks 4.) Send a special newsletter with all deals/offers per country.
By thinking outside the box, any app can offer something special or new to capitalize on the increased interest during the end of the year seasonal. It's important when possible, to have your deals and design elements evolve to fit the different contexts in November and December, like Liligo's segmented Black Friday and Christmas campaigns. In November ads might countdown to a big sale with fall colors, but mid-December the focus should shift to "last minute" gift ideas, "free shipping" or "delivery by the big day" messaging, to evolve with your user's interests. And make sure to update your creatives after the holiday is over to avoid looking outdated. You don't want to look like the app equivalent of that neighbor that keeps their Christmas lights up till February.
For eCooltra's Mobile Marketing Manager, Michael Jessen, the key to successful campaigns during the holidays is not to get caught up in the bidding wars. Instead, eCooltra focuses on increasing intelligent spending with a well thought out seasonal retargeting strategy that is right for their target region, audience, and app vertical.
The end of the year shopping season offers lots of opportunities to generate revenue that strategic marketers can take advantage of and avoid battling big brands on Black Friday/Cyber Monday/White Friday. Although they are all gaining in popularity, Retargeting Tuesday, Boxing Day, Singles Day, Free Shipping Day, Buen Fin (and others), are some great opportunities to connect with specific audiences around the world. Additionally, countries that celebrate Christmas see spending increase on all weekends in December and the 20-24th see even higher sale rates than on Black Friday in the US (and if free shipping is important for you, remember you have an extra shipping day with thanksgiving on the 22nd this year as opposed to last year when it was on the 23rd!).
* Indicate dates predicted to be among the top 10 highest revenue sales days of 2018 for the USA.
Marketers should view "Retargeting Tuesday" as the opening of the retargeting season, leading up to the new year. Looking at our own campaign data from last year we found the majority of our clients increased ad spending beginning in November and kept their spend relatively consistent until the new year. You can run retargeting campaigns to chase prospects who showed previous interest in one of your ads, or target your existing users and prompt them to return and make an in-app action or purchase. The popular scooter sharing app eCooltra will strike a balance between chasing the peak opportunity dates as well as budgeting for a general push. Their Mobile Marketing Manager, Michael Jessen explained how the app implements this concept.


text:
Strung Out announce east coast "Twisted By Design" tour
Wednesday, July 25, 2018 at 5:49 PM (PST) by Daron
Strung Out is hitting the east coast this August and September to celebrate the 20th anniversary of their classic album, "Twisted By Design." They will be playing the album in its entirety, in addition to other popular songs. After the Fall and MakeWar will be joining them on tour. You can find the dates below.
Strung Out's newest release is the acoustic EP, "Black Out the Sky," released back in May of this year.08/23/18 St. Louis, MO Blueberry Hill
08/24/18 Chicago, IL The Bottom Lounge
08/25/18 Detroit, MI The Loving Touch
08/26/18 Pittsburgh, PA Rex Theatre
08/27/18 Cincinnati, OH NSYC
08/29/18 Gainesville, FL Loosey's
08/30/18 Tampa, FL Orpheum
08/31/18 Ft. Lauderdale, FL Revolution
09/01/18 Orlando, FL Soundbar
09/02/18 Jacksonville, FL 1904 Music Hall
09/04/18 Atlanta, GA The Masquerade Downstairs
09/05/18 Virginia Beach, VA Shaka's Live
09/06/18 Washington, DC Rock & Roll Hotel
09/07/18 Boston, MA Brighton Music Hall
09/08/18 Brooklyn, NY Brooklyn Bazaar
09/09/18 Philadelphia, PA
Add Strung Out to My Radar
More On: Skate Punk, Tour, Strung Out, Fat Wreck Chords
More On Strung Out
Transmission.Aplha.Delta
Agents of the Underground
All Strung Out Album Reviews
Transmission.Alpha.Delta
Fat Wreck Chords (buy album)
Another Day In Paradise (Reissue)
Suburban Teenage Wasteland Blues (Reissue)
Twisted By Design (Reissue)
Strung Out Profiles: Dying Scene | Facebook


text:
Q: Python mysql.connect Integer in SQL Query I have some python code:
def GetAge(tournaments):
    cursor = cnxTurnier.cursor()
    for rows in tournaments:
        TurID = rows[0]
        TurID = int(TurID)
        query = ("SELECT JahrgID FROM altersklassen WHERE TurnierID = %s")

        cursor.execute(query, TurID)

        altersklassen = cursor.fetchall()

Im using the mysql.connector on python3.4
tournaments is the result of another SQL Query. Then I export the ID of this query and want to get additional informations (1:n relations).
MYSQL is telling me that there is an error in my SQL Sytax near to %i.
But why TurID is not replacing it?
I've got the weird feeling, that the connector re-parses the TurID into something different than MYSQl is expecting.
The SELECT is working direct in MYSQL when I replace the %i.
Can anyone tell me what is wrong with my code an wether the TurID = int(TurID) is needed?
I've tried several things over the day and read different documentations, I can't see the issue.
Is maybe the whole idea to solve this wrong?
I want to have additional informations to another query from another table (1:n relationship).

A: MySQL - or rather, the Python wrapper MySQLdb - is not expecting %i at all. All parameters should be %s.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The Air sofa's greatest strength lies in its modularity: choose your own depth and back rest height, mixing fabrics and hues, to create a sofa tailored to your own comfort and your own personality. Thanks to the Air sofa's patented fastening system, you can create a unique sofa that, taken apart and reconfigured, can transform into three armchairs or two sofas, depending on how the frames, seats, back rests and arm rests are assembled. A linear sofa can thus become an elegant peninsula, a comfortable guest bed or a chaise longue, just by rotating the modules.
The sofa is supported by extra-clear tempered glass legs, a material six times stronger than normal glass. Their extreme transparency united with this powerful solidity contributes to giving the Air sofa its airy feel, bringing lightness to spaces.
Air is characterised by an unmatched modularity: everyone can choose the depth, width and height of the seats and backrests to create the perfect sofa for their space.
The latching-release bracket guarantees simplicity and strength, combined with a controlled flexion of the materials.
The innovative aluminium frame and the high degree of modularity of the seats and backs allow for endless configurations to suit your needs.
An LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) study allowed us to measure the environmental impact of the product, guiding us in the selection of materials.
The supports in strong tempered glass attached to the frame provide a great sense of lightness to the forms and offer an elegant design solution.


In addition to the XP Optics, is a new high-tech optical coating on both the objective and eyepieces called "NANO Protection". This new coating repels water and moisture off the lenses leaving them clear of water or moisture. Like windshield wipers for your binoculars, you won't ever have to wipe them clean of moisture. The secret lies in a uniqe permanent molecular bonding substance that makes the lenses so smooth, that absolutely nothing adheres to them.
Click the button below to add the Steiner 7x50 Commander XP C Marine Binoculars to your wish list.


This week on Beyond Clean we speak with Peggy Spitzer, Clinical Education & Technical Support at Certol International. Peggy is a Colorado native with over 30 years of combined experience as a healthcare provider and educator holding degrees as a licensed dental hygienist with bachelor's and master's degrees in adult education. She provides education programs across the U.S. to Sterile Processing and APIC chapters focusing on helping clinicians use cleaning chemicals safely and effectively. She is proud to promote education and certification in Central Sterile Processing. Peggy is a past president, past secretary and current treasurer of the Rocky Mountain Central Sterile chapter in Denver, Colorado and also provides consulting to healthcare facilities and universities for chemical management & best practices for instrument processing.
Previous article257: World Cup Final Review – France Are CHAMPIONS!


text:
/*
 $Id: patest1.c,v 1.1.1.1 2002/01/22 00:52:33 phil Exp $
 patest1.c
 Ring modulate the audio input with a sine wave for 20 seconds
    using the Portable Audio api
    Author: Ross Bencina <rossb@audiomulch.com>
    Modifications:
 April 5th, 2001 - PLB - Check for NULL inputBuffer.
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include "portaudio.h"
#ifndef M_PI
#define M_PI  (3.14159265)
#endif
typedef struct
{
    float sine[100];
    int phase;
    int sampsToGo;
}
patest1data;
static int patest1Callback( void *inputBuffer, void *outputBuffer,
                            unsigned long bufferFrames,
                            PaTimestamp outTime, void *userData )
{
    patest1data *data = (patest1data*)userData;
    float *in = (float*)inputBuffer;
    float *out = (float*)outputBuffer;
    int framesToCalc = bufferFrames;
    unsigned long i;
    int finished = 0;
    /* Check to see if any input data is available. */
    if(inputBuffer == NULL) return 0;
    if( data->sampsToGo < bufferFrames )
    {
        framesToCalc = data->sampsToGo;
        finished = 1;
    }
    for( i=0; i<framesToCalc; i++ )
    {
        *out++ = *in++ * data->sine[data->phase];  /* left */
        *out++ = *in++ * data->sine[data->phase++];  /* right */
        if( data->phase >= 100 )
            data->phase = 0;
    }
    data->sampsToGo -= framesToCalc;
    /* zero remainder of final buffer if not already done */
    for( ; i<bufferFrames; i++ )
    {
        *out++ = 0; /* left */
        *out++ = 0; /* right */
    }
    return finished;
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[]);
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    PaStream *stream;
    PaError err;
    patest1data data;
    int i;
    int inputDevice = Pa_GetDefaultInputDeviceID();
    int outputDevice = Pa_GetDefaultOutputDeviceID();
    /* initialise sinusoidal wavetable */
    for( i=0; i<100; i++ )
        data.sine[i] = sin( ((double)i/100.) * M_PI * 2. );
    data.phase = 0;
    data.sampsToGo = 44100 * 20;   // 20 seconds
    /* initialise portaudio subsytem */
    Pa_Initialize();
    err = Pa_OpenStream(
              &stream,
              inputDevice,
              2,              /* stereo input */
              paFloat32,  /* 32 bit floating point input */
              NULL,
              outputDevice,
              2,              /* stereo output */
              paFloat32,      /* 32 bit floating point output */
              NULL,
              44100.,
              512,            /* small buffers */
              0,              /* let PA determine number of buffers */
              paClipOff,      /* we won't output out of range samples so don't bother clipping them */
              patest1Callback,
              &data );
    if( err == paNoError )
    {
        err = Pa_StartStream( stream );
        printf( "Press any key to end.\n" );
        getc( stdin ); //wait for input before exiting
        Pa_AbortStream( stream );

        printf( "Waiting for stream to complete...\n" );

        while( Pa_StreamActive( stream ) )
            Pa_Sleep(1000); /* sleep until playback has finished */

        err = Pa_CloseStream( stream );
    }
    else
    {
        fprintf( stderr, "An error occured while opening the portaudio stream\n" );
        if( err == paHostError )
            fprintf( stderr, "Host error number: %d\n", Pa_GetHostError() );
        else
            fprintf( stderr, "Error number: %d\n", err );
    }
    Pa_Terminate();
    printf( "bye\n" );

    return 0;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Can Real Estate Adapt to Historic Levels of Change?
Steeped in tradition and time-honored techniques, the real estate industry has thrived thanks to its dependability and cyclical nature, but powerful forces are creating disruption on an unprecedented scale.
Samantha Goldberg
Jan 08, 2018
The MOD, a hypothetical Los Angeles cultural center designed by Gensler, shows how parking garages can be coverted to other uses as parking needs diminish. Garrett Rowland, courtesy of Gensler
Just about any real estate professional is likely to tell you that the industry can be slow to change.
As Steven Weikal, head of industry relations at the MIT Center for Real Estate, put it: "We have this multitrillion-dollar industry globally … and yet we still run it off of spreadsheets and PDFs."
Steeped in tradition and time-honored techniques, the industry has thrived thanks to its dependability and cyclical nature, but powerful forces are creating disruption on an unprecedented scale.
Technology, of course, is the best-known source of disruption, profoundly influencing operations and strategy in all property categories. E-commerce is pushing retailers to adopt omnichannel strategies and retail owners to rethink tenant rosters while also creating a boom in distribution center development.
The office sector is also in transition as occupiers' space, flexibility and connectivity needs evolve, while in the multifamily space, technology has opened the floodgates for a variety of amenities that residents expect owners to provide.
Generational shifts, too, are in play. Millennials have become the largest cohort, while the Gen-Z population is beginning to enter the workforce. At the same time, Baby Boomers are retiring later, and the population age 65-plus is set to nearly double by 2055, the Census Bureau estimates.
It's impossible to predict how these trends will disrupt the real estate industry next, but adapting to them is vital to staying relevant and thriving. Meanwhile, forward-looking firms are taking notice of additional disruptors that will make their mark on 2018 and the years to come. In this special report, we explore four of those far-reaching trends.
Immigration's import
Though the impact of the Millennials and the aging of the population on real estate is well documented, immigration reform could be even more significant in the long run, argues Victor Calanog, chief economist & senior vice president at Reis.
"If you tend to curtail immigrant populations from moving (into the U.S.), then you'll have less of that productive slice of the worker population that you do need to support an aging population," he explained. Labor shortages were already prevalent well before the announcement of November's record-low 4.1 percent unemployment rate.
According to an August 2017 survey from Autodesk and the Associated General Contractors of America (AGC), 70 percent of construction firms experienced difficulty filling the hourly craft positions that represent the bulk of construction industry jobs. The shortage suggests that restrictions on immigration could further tighten the labor market and slow development.
"In the short term, fewer firms will be able to bid on construction projects if they are concerned they will not have enough workers to meet demand," AGC CEO Stephen Sandherr commented.
States like California, Texas and New York—which together account for 46 percent of the nation's 43.2 million immigrants, according to the Pew Research Center—would likely be hit hardest.
In addition to impacting the workforce, more restrictive immigration policies could hinder multifamily growth. Immigrants have accounted for nearly 28 percent of all household growth over the past 20 years and have aided in the recovery of many housing markets hurt by the Great Recession. With average population growth expected to slow from 0.9 percent per year between 2000 and 2010 to 0.7 percent annually between 2016 and 2030, according to a recent study commissioned by the National Multifamily Housing Council and the National Apartment Association, immigration will be necessary to fuel multifamily housing demand. Immigrants have a higher propensity to rent than the population as a whole and typically remain renters longer, the study showed.
Health-care cures
While a wave of retirements among Baby Boomers may be contributing to the labor shortage, it is a boon for health-care real estate fundamentals. Investors are taking notice, and transaction volume climbed from $4 billion in 2010 to $10.2 billion in 2016, according to CBRE's 2017 medical office building (MOB) report. Absorption has outpaced new supply for the past seven years, resulting in steadily declining vacancy rates that reached 8 percent in the first quarter of 2017.
Despite uncertainty surrounding health-care policy, owners are expanding and transforming properties to serve an aging population, noted Spencer Levy, CBRE Americas head of research. Only 20 years ago, health-care services were largely located on hospital campuses; today, suburbs or secondary markets with large populations of seniors tend to be the locations of choice.
Facilities that bring services closer to patients—freestanding ambulatory-care centers, standalone emergency clinics and large MOBs, for example—are in high demand, according to Marcus & Millichap's second-half 2017 MOB report. Medical office design is also changing: Online documents are reducing the space required for storage, and evolving uses call for more flexible floor plans.
As the industry navigates a mature recovery, many investors are eyeing health-care real estate, which Levy expects will become a growth engine, particularly in secondary and suburban markets, where job drivers tend to be less diverse.
Quality search
Health care is a much-discussed issue associated with the aging population, but another impactful trend is the budding preference for aging in place.
Vacancy rates among senior-care facilities average 8.4 percent nationally, compared to 4.5 percent for the multifamily sector, Calanog noted, a sign that the late-1990s influx of product outstripped demand. "People are living longer and living higher-quality lives, which means they're delaying demand for assisted-care homes," he observed. By contrast, vacancy at memory-care and skilled nursing facilities is declining because "at that point it's no longer a choice, it's a need," he related.
Baby Boomers are also bucking tradition by retiring later and living independently longer, further bolstering the multifamily sector and constraining senior housing. By 2024, people age 65 to 69 will comprise 36 percent of the labor market, according to the BLS.
The implications are clear: To accommodate seniors choosing to age in place, developers must expand their strategy beyond the often-discussed Millennials. Project sponsors and investors will need to provide designs and amenities to offer seniors an attractive quality of life and facilitate interaction across age groups, according to a 2017 Capital One-MIT Center for Real Estate report.
"Developers are now bringing in urban-like amenities, even to suburban developments," Calanog observed, citing retail and entertainment as examples. "All of these amenities add up to make the lifestyle today really unrecognizable to people 20 years ago."
While seniors typically move out of their primary residences once they lose mobility, driverless cars could "change that calculus," Levy noted. The concept may still seem unfathomable, and the timing remains unclear, but all signs indicate that self-driving cars are on the road to reality. Makers of autonomous vehicles (AVs)—like Google's Waymo, Tesla and General Motors, as well as several startups—are already testing their products on public roads. Forward-thinking sponsors are taking note. In November 2017, Optimus Ride and developer LStar Ventures announced a first-of-its kind partnership to provide residents of Boston's Union Point development with access to AVs. Public officials are getting on board, as well. Companion bills moving through Congress would allow 80,000 to 100,000 AVs on the road annually and prohibit states from imposing regulatory roadblocks. Supporters say AVs will cut traffic congestion dramatically, reduce accidents and decrease driving costs; skeptics argue that safety and security haven't been fully addressed.
Of note, trucks are not covered in the bills, largely due to concerns about the loss of as many as three million driving jobs, notes a Green Street Advisors report. But the prospective benefits of autonomous trucks can't be ignored. Without needing to stop for breaks, the vehicles would drive longer and deliver goods faster, which could impact the design and location of distribution centers.
While the report forecasts that mass adoption of AVs is still some way off—beginning in 2030 and complete by 2045—developers are beginning to shift their building strategies, particularly with parking structures. The U.S. has more than one billion parking spaces, but AVs could cut the number in half over the next 30 years.
Some cities are looking ahead, too. Buffalo, N.Y., and Santa Monica, Calif., have eliminated parking requirements for new development, noted Randall Rowe, chairman of investment firm Greene Courte Partners. Parking is typically "a drag on the economics of affordability," he said. Reducing parking could trim construction costs and open opportunities to other uses.
Rowe doesn't believe driverless cars will eliminate parking altogether, but he asserts that the future of parking—and cities—will look much different. He foresees AV "nesting facilities," marked by larger capacity, lower height and less light than conventional parking because they won't need to accommodate people. He also expects standalone garages and surface lots to be easily converted, but parking embedded in mixed-use structures will be more challenging. Possible solutions for embedded parking are converting them to self-storage or car servicing facilities. He also expects street parking to be converted to AV pick-up locations.
Some innovative developers and designers are already considering how to build convertible parking structures. Gensler has designed several projects with flexible parking, such as 84.51° Centre in Cincinnati, which includes three above-grade levels of parking adaptable to office space.
"We are designing the next generation of buildings and airports, incorporating future-proofing design, in which parking structures are designed for flexibility and adaptive reuse," affirmed Gensler Co-CEO Andy Cohen. "There's a tremendous opportunity to take our cities' streets back and have them reclaimed for people."
Rowe noted, however, that this strategy costs about 50 percent more than constructing purpose-built garages. With that in mind, some municipalities have floated the idea of offering zoning bonuses to developers to help offset the additional expense.
Queue space
Gensler designed the above-grade parking at 84.51° Centre, the headquarters of consumer analytics firm 84.51° in downtown Cincinnati. To allow for potential conversion, parking levels have the same dimensions and structural detailing as the office floors. Image by Garrett Rowland; courtesy of Gensler.
In addition to impacting parking design, self-driving cars will likely prompt retail owners to build out larger pick-up/drop-off areas like those at Las Vegas casinos, Levy noted, a trend we're already observing as a result of ride-sharing vehicles.
Cities and real estate players will have to work on queuing solutions, however, to alleviate congestion at spots where people and vehicles meet, Rowe pointed out, raising the larger question of how to modify the nation's roads to accommodate AVs.
The White House has announced intentions to boost infrastructure investment, and the private sector is taking action. In 2017, Blackstone launched a $40 billion fund with $100 billion in purchasing power. Still, the road ahead will be far from smooth.
"As we all know, projects simply take too long in the U.S. to get done today. I think there is a lot of work that's being done … trying to streamline the approval process in the U.S.," said Sean Klimczak, Blackstone's global head of infrastructure, speaking at a recent conference sponsored by New York University's Schack Institute of Real Estate.
Regulatory and legislative hurdles will likely determine how deeply many of today's biggest disruptors will emerge in real estate, Levy predicted. In the meantime, the industry's decision-makers will have to rethink their strategies to anticipate the changes ahead while also serving their target demographic groups.
"In this day and age, the challenge for real estate developers and market participants is to convince people that place still matters," Calanog observed. "And that their place—because real estate is about place—is the place to be."
Originally appearing in the CPE-MHN Guide to 2018.
Victor Calanog
NAREE Report: Apartments Needed to Meet Demand
LMC Closes $1.3B Multifamily Fund
Increasing Yields by Solarizing Low-Income Communities
In Case You Missed It: MHN's Top 5 Posts in May
Multifamily Design Trends: Building in Dense Environments


text:
Q: Check if two types can be aliased I have a public API function (in a library header) that accepts a struct foo &, and that function's internal implementation calls a third-party dependency's function that requires a struct bar *.
I do not want to pull in the third party dependency into the public header as the library will be distributed in binary form and this dependency is an implementation detail.
However, I do not intend to attach any additional information to foo and instead want to be able to do reinterpret_cast<bar*>(&foo) in order to reduce the amount of copies I have to perform (it's a very frequently called function).
Does the standard library have a type_trait or some other mechanism to check if the structure of foo and bar are identical? I understand that this will require more maintanence upkeep on my end to make sure the header matches the internal dependency's type definition as well, but that's fine as it's unlikely to change any time soon.
Ultimately I need something like
struct foo {
    int a;
    const char *b;
};

struct bar {
    int c;
    const char *d;
};

static_assert(
    std::is_aliasable_to<foo, bar>::value, //        <-- Is this possible?
    "foo must be structurally equivalent to bar"
);

void public_api_function(foo &f) {
    private_third_party_function(
        reinterpret_cast<bar*>(&f)
    );
}

A: reinterpret_cast<bar*>(&f) is always UB because of strict-aliasing.
Without strict-aliasing, you could use c++20's std::is_layout_compatible, but there isn't any compiler support for that.
You could use a hack like this:
template<typename T, typename U>
constexpr bool is_same_member_type(T foo::*, U bar::*) {
    return std::is_same_v<T, U>;
}

#define HAS_SAME_MEMBER(foo_name, bar_name) (offsetof(foo, foo_name) == offsetof(bar, bar_name) && is_same_member_type(&foo:: foo_name, &bar:: bar_name))

// add more HAS_SAME_MEMBER calls if new members are added
static_assert(
    sizeof(foo) == sizeof(bar) &&
    std::is_standard_layout_v<foo> && std::is_standard_layout_v<bar> &&
    HAS_SAME_MEMBER(a, c) &&
    HAS_SAME_MEMBER(b, d),
    "foo must be structurally equivalent to bar"
);

#undef HAS_SAME_MEMBER


The campaign, It's Everyone's Game, supports the dramatic expansion of the Foundation's Soccer for Success program that provides children in underserved areas with free access to high-quality soccer programming, safe places to play, and caring coach-mentors who are trained to help transform young lives.
The Foundation and its partners have built 150 mini-pitches in underserved areas across the country since 2016 and the Soccer for Success program engaged 70,000 children last school year.
The goal, Foster-Simeon said, is to ensure that boys and girls living in underserved communities have access to the game that, in addition to being a fun experience for everyone involved, delivers positive health and youth development outcomes. Evaluations of the evidence-based program show that 83 percent of participants at greater risk for health issues improved their health outcomes, 88 percent of participants work better as a team, and 86 percent stay away from anti-social behavior. Last school year, 3,300 Soccer for Success coach-mentors worked with young people in 425 communities across 39 states and the District of Columbia.
It's Everyone's Game offers communities the chance to benefit from mini-pitches and increased access to high-quality programming by gaining support from both the public and private sectors. National corporate partners of the movement include adidas, Major League Soccer, Musco Lighting, and Target.
The U.S. Soccer Foundation's programs are the national model for sports-based youth development in underserved communities. Since its founding in 1994, the Foundation has established programs proven to help children embrace an active and healthy lifestyle while nurturing their personal growth beyond sports. Its cost-effective, high-impact initiatives offer safe environments where kids and communities thrive. Headquartered in Washington, D.C., the U.S. Soccer Foundation is a 501 (c) (3) organization. For more information visit www.ussoccerfoundation.org or follow us on Twitter at @ussoccerfndn and Facebook at www.facebook.com/ussoccerfoundation.


text:
#include "tensorflow/lite/kernels/internal/reference/fully_connected.h"

#include "tensorflow/lite/c/builtin_op_data.h"
#include "tensorflow/lite/c/common.h"
#include "tensorflow/lite/kernels/internal/common.h"
#include "tensorflow/lite/kernels/internal/quantization_util.h"
#include "tensorflow/lite/kernels/internal/reference/integer_ops/fully_connected.h"
#include "tensorflow/lite/kernels/internal/tensor_ctypes.h"
#include "tensorflow/lite/kernels/kernel_util.h"
#include "tensorflow/lite/micro/kernels/kernel_util.h"

namespace tflite {
namespace ops {
namespace micro {
namespace fully_connected {
namespace {

struct OpData {
  // The scaling factor from input to output (aka the 'real multiplier') can
  // be represented as a fixed point multiplier plus a left shift.
  int32_t output_multiplier;
  int output_shift;
  // The range of the fused activation layer. For example for kNone and
  // uint8_t these would be 0 and 255.
  int32_t output_activation_min;
  int32_t output_activation_max;
  // The index of the temporary tensor where the quantized inputs are cached.
  int input_quantized_index;
  // Cached zero point values of tensors.
  int32_t input_zero_point;
  int32_t filter_zero_point;
  int32_t output_zero_point;
};

constexpr int kInputTensor = 0;
constexpr int kWeightsTensor = 1;
constexpr int kBiasTensor = 2;
constexpr int kOutputTensor = 0;

TfLiteStatus CalculateOpData(TfLiteContext* context,
                             TfLiteFusedActivation activation,
                             TfLiteType data_type, const TfLiteTensor* input,
                             const TfLiteTensor* filter,
                             const TfLiteTensor* bias, TfLiteTensor* output,
                             OpData* data) {
  TfLiteStatus status = kTfLiteOk;
  if (data_type != kTfLiteFloat32) {
    double real_multiplier = 0.0;
    TF_LITE_ENSURE_STATUS(GetQuantizedConvolutionMultipler(
        context, input, filter, bias, output, &real_multiplier));
    int exponent;
    QuantizeMultiplier(real_multiplier, &data->output_multiplier, &exponent);
    data->output_shift = -exponent;
    TF_LITE_ENSURE_STATUS(CalculateActivationRangeQuantized(
        context, activation, output, &data->output_activation_min,
        &data->output_activation_max));

    data->input_zero_point = input->params.zero_point;
    data->filter_zero_point = filter->params.zero_point;
    data->output_zero_point = output->params.zero_point;
  }
  return status;
}

}  // namespace

void* Init(TfLiteContext* context, const char* buffer, size_t length) {
  TFLITE_DCHECK(context->AllocatePersistentBuffer != nullptr);
  return context->AllocatePersistentBuffer(context, sizeof(OpData));
}

TfLiteStatus Prepare(TfLiteContext* context, TfLiteNode* node) {
  TFLITE_DCHECK(node->user_data != nullptr);
  TFLITE_DCHECK(node->builtin_data != nullptr);

  OpData* data = static_cast<OpData*>(node->user_data);
  const auto params =
      static_cast<const TfLiteFullyConnectedParams*>(node->builtin_data);

  const TfLiteTensor* input = GetInput(context, node, kInputTensor);
  const TfLiteTensor* filter = GetInput(context, node, kWeightsTensor);
  const TfLiteTensor* bias = GetOptionalInputTensor(context, node, kBiasTensor);
  TfLiteTensor* output = GetOutput(context, node, kOutputTensor);

  TF_LITE_ENSURE_TYPES_EQ(context, input->type, output->type);
  TF_LITE_ENSURE_MSG(context, input->type == filter->type,
                     "Hybrid models are not supported on TFLite Micro.");

  return CalculateOpData(context, params->activation, input->type, input,
                         filter, bias, output, data);
}

TfLiteStatus EvalQuantizedInt8(TfLiteContext* context, TfLiteNode* node,
                               const OpData& data,
                               const TfLiteEvalTensor* input,
                               const TfLiteEvalTensor* filter,
                               const TfLiteEvalTensor* bias,
                               TfLiteEvalTensor* output) {
  tflite::FullyConnectedParams op_params;
  op_params.input_offset = -data.input_zero_point;
  op_params.weights_offset = -data.filter_zero_point;
  op_params.output_offset = data.output_zero_point;
  op_params.output_multiplier = data.output_multiplier;
  // TODO(b/138810107): Figure out whether output shift should be inverted
  op_params.output_shift = -data.output_shift;
  op_params.quantized_activation_min = data.output_activation_min;
  op_params.quantized_activation_max = data.output_activation_max;

  reference_integer_ops::FullyConnected(
      op_params, tflite::micro::GetTensorShape(input),
      tflite::micro::GetTensorData<int8_t>(input),
      tflite::micro::GetTensorShape(filter),
      tflite::micro::GetTensorData<int8_t>(filter),
      tflite::micro::GetTensorShape(bias),
      tflite::micro::GetTensorData<int32_t>(bias),
      tflite::micro::GetTensorShape(output),
      tflite::micro::GetTensorData<int8_t>(output));
  return kTfLiteOk;
}

TfLiteStatus EvalQuantized(TfLiteContext* context, TfLiteNode* node,
                           const OpData& data, const TfLiteEvalTensor* input,
                           const TfLiteEvalTensor* filter,
                           const TfLiteEvalTensor* bias,
                           TfLiteEvalTensor* output) {
  const int32_t input_offset = -data.input_zero_point;
  const int32_t filter_offset = -data.filter_zero_point;
  const int32_t output_offset = data.output_zero_point;

  tflite::FullyConnectedParams op_params;
  op_params.input_offset = input_offset;
  op_params.weights_offset = filter_offset;
  op_params.output_offset = output_offset;
  op_params.output_multiplier = data.output_multiplier;
  // Legacy ops used mixed left and right shifts. Now all are +ve-means-left.
  op_params.output_shift = -data.output_shift;
  op_params.quantized_activation_min = data.output_activation_min;
  op_params.quantized_activation_max = data.output_activation_max;

#define TF_LITE_FULLY_CONNECTED(output_data_type)      \
  reference_ops::FullyConnected(                       \
      op_params, tflite::micro::GetTensorShape(input), \
      tflite::micro::GetTensorData<uint8_t>(input),    \
      tflite::micro::GetTensorShape(filter),           \
      tflite::micro::GetTensorData<uint8_t>(filter),   \
      tflite::micro::GetTensorShape(bias),             \
      tflite::micro::GetTensorData<int32_t>(bias),     \
      tflite::micro::GetTensorShape(output),           \
      tflite::micro::GetTensorData<output_data_type>(output))
  switch (output->type) {
    case kTfLiteUInt8:
      TF_LITE_FULLY_CONNECTED(uint8_t);
      break;
    case kTfLiteInt16:
      TF_LITE_FULLY_CONNECTED(int16_t);
      break;
    default:
      TF_LITE_KERNEL_LOG(context, "Type %s (%d) not supported.",
                         TfLiteTypeGetName(output->type), output->type);
      return kTfLiteError;
  }

  return kTfLiteOk;
}

TfLiteStatus EvalFloat(TfLiteContext* context, TfLiteNode* node,
                       TfLiteFusedActivation activation,
                       const TfLiteEvalTensor* input,
                       const TfLiteEvalTensor* filter,
                       const TfLiteEvalTensor* bias, TfLiteEvalTensor* output) {
  float output_activation_min, output_activation_max;
  CalculateActivationRange(activation, &output_activation_min,
                           &output_activation_max);
  tflite::FullyConnectedParams op_params;
  op_params.float_activation_min = output_activation_min;
  op_params.float_activation_max = output_activation_max;
  tflite::reference_ops::FullyConnected(
      op_params, tflite::micro::GetTensorShape(input),
      tflite::micro::GetTensorData<float>(input),
      tflite::micro::GetTensorShape(filter),
      tflite::micro::GetTensorData<float>(filter),
      tflite::micro::GetTensorShape(bias),
      tflite::micro::GetTensorData<float>(bias),
      tflite::micro::GetTensorShape(output),
      tflite::micro::GetTensorData<float>(output));
  return kTfLiteOk;
}

TfLiteStatus Eval(TfLiteContext* context, TfLiteNode* node) {
  TFLITE_DCHECK(node->builtin_data != nullptr);
  const auto* params =
      static_cast<const TfLiteFullyConnectedParams*>(node->builtin_data);

  const TfLiteEvalTensor* input =
      tflite::micro::GetEvalInput(context, node, kInputTensor);
  const TfLiteEvalTensor* filter =
      tflite::micro::GetEvalInput(context, node, kWeightsTensor);
  const TfLiteEvalTensor* bias =
      tflite::micro::GetEvalInput(context, node, kBiasTensor);
  TfLiteEvalTensor* output =
      tflite::micro::GetEvalOutput(context, node, kOutputTensor);

  TFLITE_DCHECK(node->user_data != nullptr);
  const OpData& data = *(static_cast<const OpData*>(node->user_data));

  // Checks in Prepare ensure input, output and filter types are all the same.
  switch (input->type) {
    case kTfLiteFloat32:
      return EvalFloat(context, node, params->activation, input, filter, bias,
                       output);
    case kTfLiteInt8:
      return EvalQuantizedInt8(context, node, data, input, filter, bias,
                               output);

    case kTfLiteUInt8:
      return EvalQuantized(context, node, data, input, filter, bias, output);

    default:
      TF_LITE_KERNEL_LOG(context, "Type %s (%d) not supported.",
                         TfLiteTypeGetName(input->type), input->type);
      return kTfLiteError;
  }
  return kTfLiteOk;
}

}  // namespace fully_connected

TfLiteRegistration Register_FULLY_CONNECTED() {
  return {/*init=*/fully_connected::Init,
          /*free=*/nullptr,
          /*prepare=*/fully_connected::Prepare,
          /*invoke=*/fully_connected::Eval,
          /*profiling_string=*/nullptr,
          /*builtin_code=*/0,
          /*custom_name=*/nullptr,
          /*version=*/0};
}

}  // namespace micro
}  // namespace ops
}  // namespace tflite


Apple has released iOS 12.1.4 yesterday evening, by resolving - among other things - the serious bugs of FaceTime group that allowed you to spy on the person who is called before this to accept the video call. In practice, adding a participant, the system began to transmit the audio of the conversation partner before he could respond.
After the official apology, and the first complaint, the company from Cupertino has thanked the family that discovered the first bug, and The Verge reveals that you will be sent a sum of money as prize. This is not the first time Apple is offering a reward of kind (there is the "bug bounty program"), as they are normally provided for sums up to 200 thousand dollars to the researchers who discover vulnerabilities in the system's total population increase at the same Apple.


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text:
Q: Change table users in laravel 5.5 I've created a new table called "admins" table. I want to use this instead of the users table.
I've already added this in my User model:
protected $table = 'admins';

And I also tried this on my auth.php:
         'users' => [
         'driver' => 'database',
        'table' => 'admins',
     ],

But none of them worked. Are there any other solutions that could work?

A: For one, you must also change the RegisterController, in it you will find the create method:
protected function create(array $data)
{
    return User::create([
        'name' => $data['name'],
        'email' => $data['email'],
        'password' => bcrypt($data['password']),
    ]);
}

As you can see it too uses the User model.


Please select your location from the list below. If you can't find your town please check our Dundee based female strippers, then get in touch with us to check availability.
Your female stripper will come to almost any location – we have experienced girls based in Edinburgh, Glasgow, Fife, Dundee, Aberdeen and beyond. The price you pay covers all expenses including travel and a choice of costume.
Our professional entertainers are happy to pose for pictures at the end of their kissogram or stripogram. Our female strippers in Scotland are in popular demand so we strongly advise that you have a few alternatives in mind before you phone us up in case your first choice is unavailable.