text:
\section{Introduction}
The calculation of hadronic matrix elements plays a vital r\^ole in
determinations of the CKM matrix elements and overconstraining the unitarity
triangle of the Standard Model.
In particular, the CKM matrix elements that are combined to make up the sides
of the triangle can be determined from neutral meson mixing and exclusive leptonic and semileptonic decay processes in the following way
\begin{equation}
\left\{ \begin{array}{c}\mbox{experimental measurement of}\\ \mbox{decay rate}\; or\; \mbox{meson mixing}\end{array}\right\} = \left\{ \begin{array}{c}\mbox{known} \\ \mbox{factors}\end{array}\right\}\left\{ \begin{array}{c}\mbox{nonperturbative}\\ \mbox{form factor}\; or\; \mbox{decay constant}\end{array}\right\}|V_{CKM}|^2 , \label{decay_cartoon}
\end{equation}
$|V_{CKM}|$ can be determined by combining experimental measurements of exclusive decay rates with theoretical calculations of the nonperturbative contributions.
These calculations can be done with a number of methods including lattice QCD.
Because the lattice formalism of QCD is model independent and systematically improvable it should offer some of the most reliable results.
Currently, the uncertainty in many of the theoretical and experimental inputs is large enough that unitarity is not really tested.
Table~\ref{CKM_tab} shows the decay modes to be discussed here and the associated CKM matrix elements. Indeed $V_{td}$ and $V_{ub}$ are amongst the least well determined components with much of the error coming from the nonperturbative contributions~\cite{PDG}.
However, the next generation of B-physics experiments will reduce the experimental uncertainty considerably and to take full advantage of this the theoretical uncertainties must also be reduced.

The form factors and decay constants of Equation~\ref{decay_cartoon} are extracted from hadronic matrix elements, which can be calculated directly in lattice QCD.
Lattice calculations of heavy quark quantities began in the late '80s and it was quickly realised that they could provide important inputs to phenomenologically interesting parameters of the Standard Model.
Over the years the field has matured enormously as a result of a deep understanding of the particular systematic errors involved and a concerted effort to control or remove them, as described in Section II.
The largest remaining uncertainty in the numerical results is the quenched approximation. As this is removed in the next several years the lattice results will be the results of QCD and not a model.
The aim of this paper is to give a progress report for heavy quark physics from lattice QCD emphasising the new results where attention has been paid to the particular systematic uncertainties involved. The state-of-the-art leptonic decay constants are described in some detail and
a brief report on some new ideas for semileptonic physics is included. A more extensive review can be found in Ref.~\cite{draper}.
\begin{table}[tb]
\caption{The CKM matrix elements and nonperturbative (lattice) calculations which are discussed in the text.}
\begin{tabular}{cccc}
CKM Matrix element & Process & Lattice Calculation \\
\tableline
\tableline
$|V_{td}|$ & $B^0_d-\bar{B}_d^0$ mixing & $f_B\sqrt{B_d}$\\
$|V_{ts}|$ & $B^0_s-\bar{B}_s^0$ mixing & $f_{B_s}\sqrt{B_s}$\\
$|V_{ub}|$ & $B\rightarrow\pi l\nu$ & $f_{\pm }^{B\rightarrow\pi}(q^2)$  \\
$|V_{cb}|$ & $B\rightarrow Dl\nu$ & $h_{\pm}(\omega )$\\
	   & $B\rightarrow D^\ast l\nu$ & $h_{A_1}(\omega )$  \\
\end{tabular}
\label{CKM_tab}
\end{table}
\section{Progress in heavy quark physics}
The evolution of lattice calculations using heavy quarks is shown very nicely in a plot made by Andreas Kronfeld for the Heavy Quark '98 Workshop~\cite{askHQ_proc}. Figure~\ref{askfB} shows the lattice determinations of $f_B$ from the earliest calculations to the most recently published ones,
demonstrating how calculations of $f_B$ have matured over the years. Advances in computing power and our understanding of heavy quark physics mean the central value and error bars have settled down remarkably. The last four points are the most recent values of $f_B$ from the JLQCD~\cite{JLQCDfB}, Fermilab~\cite{fB_paper}, NRQCD~\cite{GLOKfB} and MILC~\cite{MILCfB} collaborations respectively.
I also note the UKQCD~\cite{UKQCDfBdgr,UKQCDfBlin} and APE~\cite{APEfB} collaborations have new determinations of $f_B$ which are not included in this plot but which will be included in the text.
\begin{figure}[ht]
\centerline{\epsfxsize=4in\epsfysize=2.6in\epsfbox{ryan0315fig1.eps} }
\vskip -.2 cm
\caption[]{
\label{askfB}
\small $f_B$ vs time-ordered journal reference, as in Ref.~\cite{askHQ_proc}. Symbols represent the different methods for heavy quarks used: $\bigtriangledown$ is extrapolation from $m_{ch}\rightarrow m_b$; $\Box$ is $m_Q\rightarrow\infty$; $\bigcirc$ is interpolation $[m_{ch},\infty]$; $\bigtriangleup$ is NRQCD and
$\Diamond$ is the Fermilab approach.}
\end{figure}
The remainder of this section details the dominant uncertainties in a lattice calculation of heavy quark matrix elements and how they are treated in different approaches.
\subsection{${\cal O}(am_Q)$ discretistion errors}
Present day computing resources mean lattice calculations are generally done in a box of size $\leq 3$ fm and with a lattice spacing $a\approx 0.07 - 1.2$ fm. Simulating realistically heavy quark masses at these lattice spacings must be approached carefully due to discretisation errors proportional to the heavy quark mass. A brute force reduction of $a$ is extremely costly, requiring orders of magnitude more computing power so improving lattice actions is a necessary step.
One approach is to use an improved light-quark action, with the improvement coefficients of the action and operators calculated nonperturbatively.
Simulations are done with quark masses around that of charm. Heavy quark effective theory is then used to guide an extrapolation from this region to that of the bottom quark. In some cases results of a calculation in the static approximation can be used - allowing an interpolation in quark mass instead of an extrapolation. Both UKQCD and APE collaborations use this method. However, this extrapolation to a region where ${\cal O}(am)$ errors are not under control introduces a systematic error which is hard to quantify.

A different approach is to consider the B system as nonrelativistic: for $b$ quarks $(v/c)^2\approx (0.3{\rm GeV}/5.0{\rm GeV})^2$. Relativistic momenta are excluded by
introducing a finite cut-off such that $p\approx m_Qv\ll m_Q$. Then, $|p|/m_Q\ll 1$ and the QCD Lagrangian can be expanded in powers of $1/m_Q$~\cite{NRQCD}. This has been extremely successful for B physics, where the quark mass is large, so the expansion is convergent. Results from the GLOK group using NRQCD are shown here. The theory is nonrenormalisable which means a formal continuum limit ($a\rightarrow 0$) does not exist so results must be obtained at finite lattice spacing. Lattice artefacts are removed by including higher orders in $1/m_Q$ and $a$.

The final approach is that of the Fermilab group~\cite{KKM}. It is a
re-interpretation of the relativistic action which identifies and correctly
renormalises nonrelativistic operators present in the {\it so called} light-quark action. Discretisation errors are then ${\cal O}(a\Lambda_{QCD})$ and not ${\cal O}(am_Q)$. Also the existence of a formal continuum limit means a continuum extrapolation is possible.
The result is an action valid for arbitrary $am$ and for
which the systematic errors can be understood and controlled thereby allowing simulations at the $b$ quark mass.
This approach is used by Fermilab, JLQCD and MILC.
\subsection{Lattice spacing dependence}
If the large mass-dependent errors are under control the remaining lattice spacing dependence can be quantified by repeating the matrix element calculation at three or more lattice spacings and extrapolating the result to the continuum ($a=0$) limit.
This has been done by the collaborations using the Fermilab approach in their calculations of heavy-light decay constants.
So far it has only been done by one group for the semileptonic case~\cite{my_lat98}. In general, only a mild dependence on lattice spacing is observed and
reliable extrapolations can be performed.
\subsection{Operator matching}
Matrix elements determined on the lattice must be related to their continuum counterpart as in
\begin{equation}\nonumber
\langle P^\prime (\vec{k})|{\cal O}_\mu|P(\vec{p})\rangle_{continuum} =
{\cal Z}_\mu (\mu ,g^2)\langle P^\prime (\vec{k})|{\cal O}_\mu|P(\vec{p})\rangle_{lattice} .
\end{equation}
The renormalisation factor, ${\cal Z}_\mu$ is usually calculated in perturbation theory and has some associated uncertainty.
UKQCD and APE use a nonperturbative determination of both the ${\cal Z}_\mu$ and the improvement coefficients in their actions, as described in~\cite{alpha_collab}, which reduces considerably the matching uncertainty.
\subsection{Quenching}
Most lattice calculations are done in the quenched approximation (omitting light quark loops) as a computational expedient. The uncertainty introduced by this approximation is difficult to quantify. There are now however, some partially unquenched calculations of heavy quark quantities and these have been used by many collaborations to estimate the effect of quenching on their results.
\section{Leptonic Decay Constants}
The calculation of heavy-light leptonic decay constants is an important application of lattice techniques for two reasons. Firstly, the decay constants themselves are important phenomenological parameters. In particular, the $B$ meson decay constant, which has not been measured experimentally, is an input in determinations of the CKM matrix element $V_{td}$ through $B^0_d-\bar{B}^0_d$ mixing,
\begin{equation}
\Delta m_d(B^0_d-\bar{B}^0_d) = \left [\frac{G_F^2m_W^2}{6\pi}\eta_{B_d}{\cal S}\left (\frac{m_t}{m_W}\right )\right ]f_{B_d}^2\hat{B}_{B_d}|V_{td}V_{tb}^\ast |^2 .
\end{equation}
$\Delta m_d$ has been measured experimentally to $\approx 4\%$~\cite{PDG} and
the factor in square brackets is also well determined.
Interestingly $V_{td}$ is known to only $\approx 25\%$ accuracy and the bulk of that uncertainty comes from the nonperturbative input $f_B^2\hat{B}_{B_d}$. The bag parameter, $\hat{B}_{B_d}$ is also calculated on the lattice but will not be discussed here, some recent reviews are in Refs. ~\cite{draper} and ~\cite{askHQ_proc}.

Secondly, the calculation of leptonic decay constants is an important test-ground for lattice heavy quark techniques. Control of systematic errors here inspires confidence in the more complicated determinations of form factors and partial widths in the semileptonic case.

Naturally a calculation of the $B$ meson decay constant can also include the decay constants of the $B_s$ meson and the $D$ system. A number of experiments have measured $f_{D_s}$ so the lattice result can be compared with the experimental numbers for at least one heavy-light decay constant. The agreement, shown in Figure~\ref{fDswrl} should inspire confidence in the determination of $f_B$.
\begin{figure}[ht]
\centerline{\epsfxsize=4in\epsfysize=2.6in\epsfbox{ryan0315fig2.eps}}
\vskip -.2 cm
\caption[]{
\label{fDswrl}
\small Comparing the world-average lattice result for $f_{D_s}$ with the experimental data~\cite{WA75,CLEO,E653,L3,DELPHI}.}
\end{figure}
In recent years there have been a number of new calculations of $f_B$ using different approaches described in Section II, however a common feature is a comprehensive treatment of the systematic uncertainties involved.
Table~\ref{fB_tab} lists results from the most recent calculations of the heavy-light decay constants and one can see that they are in rather good agreement now. World averages for all these decay constants can be found in the review by Draper~\cite{draper}.

Since both NRQCD and the Fermilab approach work well at the $B$ meson mass it is interesting to compare the results. Figure~\ref{compare_nrqcd} shows that for $f\sqrt{M}$ (the amplitude of the matrix element) at $1/m_B$ there is good agreement .
\begin{figure}[ht]
\centerline{\epsfxsize=4in\epsfysize=2.6in\epsfbox{ryan0315fig3.eps} }
\vskip -.2 cm
\caption[]{
\label{compare_nrqcd}
\small A comparison of Fermilab and GLOK results. $q^\ast$ refers to the scale at which the operator matching is done and the Fermilab result is in the range considered by GLOK. Results from GLOK are at $\beta=6.0$, Fermilab results are in the continuum limit.}
\end{figure}
To illustrate the care taken in most calculations, the systematic error quoted by the Fermilab group was arrived at by considering the following:
\begin{tabbing}
\hspace{1cm}\={\it (i)} Excited state contamination is less than statistics ;\=\hspace{0.5cm} \={\it (ii)} Finite volume is less than statistics\=\hspace{1cm} \\
\>{\it (iii)} Lattice spacing dependence is less than statistics ; \>\>{\it (iv)} Heavy quark tuning is less than statistics\> \\
\>{\it (v)} Perturbation theory = 5\% ;\>\> \>
\end{tabbing}
So the systematic error in this calculation is almost entirely from the perturbation theory used to match the lattice and continuum operators, as described in Section II.
The pertubative calculation used is a one-loop, mass-dependent
result from Aoki {\it et al}~\cite{aoki_pertTh} for which the leading error is taken to be ${\cal O}(\alpha_s^2)$.
The groups who studied the dependence on lattice spacing found it to be gentle, examples of the continuum extrapolations are shown in Figure~\ref{fB_aeq0}.
The quenching error has been estimated from work by the MILC collaboration who
produced the first results for an unquenched $f_B$ using a relativistic action. They found an increase in $f_B$ of $\approx 10\%$ at a finite lattice spacing. Thus a ($+16$MeV) estimate from Fermilab. Other collaborations have used this work to make similar estimates (some taking an increased central value and symmetric error bars). Preliminary results for an unquenched $f_B$ after extrapolation to the continuum limit suggest that the effect may be larger than 10\% and closer to 25\%~\cite{bernard_nf2}. This is supported by the work of the
 NRQCD group, who have recently estimated this effect to be $+25\%$~\cite{sara_nf2}.

The ratios of decay constants are also calculated. In a ratio many of the systematic errors may cancel leading to a more precise result. This can be used to place bounds on $|V_{td}/V_{ts}|$ and (assuming three generations) $|V_{td}|$ by using
\begin{equation}
\frac{\Delta m_{B_s}}{\Delta m_{B_d}} = \frac{m_{B_s}}{m_{B_d}}\frac{\hat{B}_{B_s}f_{B_s}^2}{\hat{B}_{B_d}f_{B_d}^2}\frac{|V_{tb}^\ast\cdot V_{ts}|^2}{|V_{tb}^\ast\cdot V_{td}|^2} .
\end{equation}
\begin{figure}[ht]
\begin{center}
\setlength{\unitlength}{1cm}
\setlength{\fboxsep}{0cm}
\begin{picture}(14.5,8)
\put(0,2){\begin{picture}(7,7)\put(-0.9,-0.4)
{\shit{6.5cm}{ryan0315fig4.eps}}\end{picture} }
\put(7.5,2){\begin{picture}(7,7)\put(-0.9,-0.4)
{\shit{6.5cm}{ryan0315fig5.eps}}\end{picture}}
\end{picture}
\end{center}
\vskip -.2 cm
\caption[]{
\label{fB_aeq0}
\small Continuum extrapolations: Fermilab extrapolates $f\sqrt{M}$ to $a=0$ (left plot) and MILC extrapolates $f_B$ (right plot). The Fermilab action has a milder dependence on $a$ as expected since the action is more highly improved.}
\end{figure}
 \begin{table}[t]
 \caption{Recent calculations of $f_B$ and $f_{B_s}/f_B$ from different collaborations. The two preliminary results from UKQCD were obtained in separate analyses.}
 \begin{tabular}{ccccccc}
 Group & $f_B$ &$a^{-1}$ &Statistical Error & Systematic Error& Quenching & $f_{Bs}/f_B$\\
       & [MeV] & [GeV]        &   [MeV]    &   [MeV]   &   [MeV]    & \\
 \tableline
 \tableline
 FNAL~\cite{fB_paper} & 164 & $a\rightarrow 0$ &\err{14}{11} & $\pm 8$ &\err{16}{0}& 1.13\err{5}{4} \\
 MILC~\cite{MILCfB} & 159 & $a\rightarrow 0$&$\pm 11$ &\err{22}{9} & \err{21}{0}& 1.11$\pm 2$\err{4}{3}$\pm 3$\\
 JLQCD~\cite{JLQCDfB}& 173 & $a\rightarrow 0$&$\pm 4$ & $\pm 9$ & $\pm 9$ & \\
 GLOK~\cite{GLOKfB} & 147 &1.92 &$\pm 11$ & $\pm 11$&\err{8}{12}& 1.20$\pm 4$\err{4}{0}\\
 \tableline
 UKQCD~\cite{UKQCDfBdgr,UKQCDfBlin} (prelim.)& 176, 161 &2.64, 2.58 &\err{5}{4}, $\pm 16$ & & &\\
 APE~\cite{APEfB} & 179 &2.75 &$\pm 18$ &\err{26}{9}& & 1.16$\pm 4$\\
 \end{tabular}
 \label{fB_tab}
 \end{table}
\section{Semileptonic B meson Decays}
The lattice treatment of semileptonic decays of heavy-light mesons is not yet as mature as that of the leptonic decays which is clear from the absence of a complete estimate of systematic errors \`a la $f_B$. The good news is that this is underway by a number of groups and should be available soon.
In particular, calculations using NRQCD and the Fermilab approach herald a new era of precision in lattice calculations of form factors because the mass-dependent uncertainties are decoupled from other effects as a result of working at the $b$ quark mass.
Only B meson decays will be discussed here but $D\rightarrow\pi l\nu$ and $D\rightarrow Kl\nu$ are also being studied~\cite{draper,simone_dpf}.
\subsection{$B\longrightarrow\pi l\nu$}
To determine $|V_{ub}|$ the required parameters are the form factors, $f^{+,0}(q^2)$ given by
\begin{equation}
\langle P^\prime (\vec k)|V_\mu |P(\vec p )\rangle = \left ( p+k-q\cdot\frac{m_P^2-m_{P^\prime}^2}{q^2}\right )_\mu f^+(q^2) + q_\mu\frac{m_P^2-m_{P^\prime}^2}{q^2}f^0(q^2) ,
\end{equation}
where $q^2$ is the momentum transfer ie. $q_\mu = (p-k)_\mu$.
These decays are trickier than the leptonic case because the final state hadron introduces an extra kinematic parameter - the momentum of the final state particle. Lattice calculations work best at small three-momenta because
momentum-dependent errors are under control ie. close to $q^2_{ \mbox{max}} = (m_P-m_{P^\prime})^2$. However, it is traditional to quote
form factors at $q^2=0$ since at this point experiments can measure a slope and
intercept for the form factor, so a large model-dependent extrapolation in $q^2$ is performed. In contrast, for $D\rightarrow\pi l\nu$ the entire kinematic range can be covered, eg. Ref.~\cite{simone_dpf}.
Figure~\ref{ff_and_dG} shows preliminary data from Fermilab for the form factors as a function of $q^2$. For the first time the lattice spacing dependence of these matrix elements has been studied and for $300\mbox{MeV}\leq p_\pi\leq 800\mbox{MeV}$ this is found to be mild~\cite{my_lat98}.
Finally I note that $|V_{ub}|$ can be determined without recourse to a $q^2$-extrapolation by calculating partial widths from the differential decay rate
\begin{equation}
\left .\frac{d\Gamma}{d|p_\pi |}\right |_{300MeV\leq p_\pi\leq 800MeV} = \frac{2m_BG_F^2|V_{ub}|^2}{24\pi^3}\frac{|p_\pi |^4}{E_\pi}|f^+(q^2)|^2 ,
\end{equation}
in a region where theory and experiment have reliable data, as in Figure~\ref{ff_and_dG}.
\begin{figure}[ht]
\begin{center}
\setlength{\unitlength}{1cm}
\setlength{\fboxsep}{0cm}
\begin{picture}(14.5,8)
\put(0,2){\begin{picture}(7,7)\put(-0.9,-0.4)
{\shit{6.5cm}{ryan0315fig6.eps}}\end{picture} }
\put(7.5,2){\begin{picture}(7,7)\put(-0.9,-0.4)
{\shit{6.5cm}{ryan0315fig7.eps}}\end{picture}}
\end{picture}
\end{center}
\vskip -.2 cm
\caption[]{
\label{ff_and_dG}
\small The $q^2$ dependence of the form factors by the Fermilab group for strange light quarks and $a\rightarrow 0$, compared with results from UKQCD~\cite{UKQCD95} and Light cone sum rules~\cite{pball}. The lattice data only include statistical errors. The right-hand plot is the decay rate (less the momentun independent prefactors) versus pion momentum. The dotted lines define a region in pion momentum where it is believed the lattice calculation is most reliable and for which there are experimental data. }
\end{figure}
\subsection{$B\longrightarrow Dl\nu$}
The final topic is a new development in the calculation of form factors at zero recoil for the decay $B\rightarrow D^{(\ast )}l\nu$. The matrix element is
parameterised by two form factors, $h^{(+,-)}(1)$ which are combined in a physical form factor, \\\centerline{${\cal F}_{B\rightarrow D}(1) = h_+^{B\rightarrow D}(1) -  h_-^{B\rightarrow D}(1) (m_B-m_D)/(m_B+m_D) $ .}\\
$|V_{cb}|$ is determined from experimental data for ${\cal F}(1)|V_{cb}|$.
Although the shape of the form factor has been calculated successfully (see eg. Refs.~\cite{flynn,draper}) lattice calculations of the absolute value at zero recoil were frought with difficulties both statistical and systematic. But it has recently been shown that by extracting the form factors from a {\it ratio} of matrix elements at zero recoil, the bulk of the uncertainties cancel leaving an extremely precise result for the form factor~\cite{shoji} and therefore $|V_{cb}|$. For $h^+(1)$ one constructs the ratio
\begin{equation}
\frac{\langle D|V_0|B\rangle\langle B|V_0|D\rangle}{\langle D|V_0|D\rangle\langle B|V_0|B\rangle} = \frac{h_+^{B\rightarrow D}(1)h_+^{D\rightarrow B}(1)}{h_+^{D\rightarrow D}(1)h_+^{B\rightarrow B}(1)} = |h_+^{B\rightarrow D}(1)|^2 .
\end{equation}
There is a similar expression using double ratios for $h^-(1)$. Preliminary results~\cite{shoji} show this is indeed very successful,
\begin{equation}
{\cal F}(1) = 1.069\pm 0.008\pm 0.002\pm 0.025 .
\end{equation}
In fact this method has the added advantage that at zero recoil it is a deviation of ${\cal F}(1)$ from 1 that is measured so that effects of quenching and lattice spacing dependence which do not cancel in the ratio are expected to be small.

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text:
import argparse
import logging
import sys
import os
import os.path
from pprint import pformat
from time import time
from shutil import copyfile
from urllib.parse import unquote
from datetime import datetime

from slcli.apis.reseplanerare3_1 import tripapi, journeydetailapi as japi
from slcli.apis.platsuppslag import api as papi
from slcli.keyreader import get_keys
from slcli.keyreader import KeysNotFoundError

def travel(origin, destination, time):
    """
    :returns: Properties of the trip
    :param origin: Location of the origin
    :param destination: Location of the destination
    :param time: When to depart
    The origin and destination do not need to perfectly match the actual names
    in the API.
    """
    apikeys = get_keys()

    def sitedata(searchstring):
        presponse = papi.request({'key': apikeys['platsuppslag'],
                                  'searchstring': searchstring})
        try:
            topentry = presponse['ResponseData'][0]
        except KeyError as e:
            if 'StatusCode' in presponse and 'Message' in presponse:
                feedback_str = "{}: {}".format(presponse['StatusCode'], presponse['Message'])
                print("The server for the Platsuppslag API refused to provide the needed information because:\n{}\n".format(feedback_str), file=sys.stderr)
            else:
                print("Key 'ResponseData' was not found in the following JSON response:\n{}\n".format(presponse), file=sys.stderr)
            raise e
        return {'name': topentry['Name'], 'id': topentry['SiteId']}

    startpoint = sitedata(origin)
    endpoint = sitedata(destination)

    rresponse = tripapi.request({'key': apikeys['reseplanerare3.1'], 'originId':
                                 startpoint['id'], 'destId': endpoint['id'],
                                 'time': time, 'lang': 'sv'})
    try:
        trips = rresponse['Trip']
    except KeyError as e:
        # In rare cases, key 'Trip' is not found for some reason
        if 'StatusCode' in rresponse and 'Message' in rresponse:
            feedback_str = "{}: {}".format(rresponse['StatusCode'], rresponse['Message'])
            print("The server for the Reseplanerare Trip API refused to provide the needed information because:\n{}\n".format(feedback_str), file=sys.stderr)
        else:
            print("Key 'Trip' was not found in the following JSON response:\n{}\n".format(rresponse), file=sys.stderr)
        raise e
    toptrip = trips[0]['LegList']['Leg']
    subtrips = []
    if isinstance(toptrip, dict):
        received_subtrips = [toptrip]
    elif isinstance(toptrip, list):
        received_subtrips = toptrip
    else:
        errmsg = "Expected top trip to be list or dict; received type: {}"
        raise RuntimeError(errmsg.format(type(toptrip)))
    for st in received_subtrips:
        if st['type'] == 'WALK':  # Skip information about walking
            continue
        if 'JourneyDetailRef' in st:
            refvalue = unquote(st['JourneyDetailRef']['ref'])
            sstsresponse = japi.request({'key': apikeys['reseplanerare3.1'],
                                         'id': refvalue})
            try:
                allstops = sstsresponse['Stops']['Stop']
            except KeyError as e:
                if 'StatusCode' in sstsresponse and 'Message' in sstsresponse:
                    feedback_str = "{}: {}".format(sstsresponse['StatusCode'], sstsresponse['Message'])
                    print("The server for the Reseplanerare JourneyDetail API refused to provide the needed information because:\n{}\n".format(feedback_str), file=sys.stderr)
                else:
                    print("Key 'Stops' was not found in the following JSON response:\n{}\n".format(sstsresponse), file=sys.stderr)
                raise e
            oid = st['Origin']['id']
            did = st['Destination']['id']
            sameid = [s['id'] in {oid, did} for s in allstops]
            (oindex, dindex) = [i for i, e in enumerate(sameid) if e]
            stops = allstops[oindex+1:dindex]
            subsubtrips = [{'arrivalTime': truncate_time(s['arrTime']), 'stop':
                            s['name']} for s in stops]
        else:
            subsubtrips = []
        subtrip = {
            'departureTime': truncate_time(st['Origin']['time']),
            'origin': st['Origin']['name'],
            'trip': subsubtrips,
            'arrivalTime': truncate_time(st['Destination']['time']),
            'destination': st['Destination']['name'],
        }
        subtrips.append(subtrip)
    result = {
        'departureDate': received_subtrips[0]['Origin']['date'],
        'departureTime': truncate_time(received_subtrips[0]['Origin']['time']),
        'origin': startpoint['name'],
        'destination': endpoint['name'],
        'trip': subtrips,
    }
    return result

def truncate_time(time_string):
    """ HH:MM:SS -> HH:MM """
    return ':'.join(time_string.split(':')[:2])

def trip2str(trip):
    """ Pretty-printing. """
    header = "{} {} {} - {}:".format(trip['departureTime'],
                                     trip['departureDate'], trip['origin'],
                                     trip['destination'])
    output = [header]
    for subtrip in trip['trip']:
        originstr = u'{}....{}'.format(subtrip['departureTime'],
                                       subtrip['origin'])
        output.append(originstr)
        for subsubtrip in subtrip['trip']:
            t = subsubtrip['arrivalTime']
            d = subsubtrip['stop']
            intermediatestr = t+u'.'*8+d
            output.append(intermediatestr)
        destinationstr = u'{}....{}'.format(subtrip['arrivalTime'],
                                            subtrip['destination'])
        output.append(destinationstr)
    return "\n".join(output)

def check_keys_installed():
    try:
        get_keys()
    except KeysNotFoundError as e:
        print("Dina API-nycklar är inte installerade.")
        srcpath = "./sensitive.xml"
        print("Ange sökvägen till dina nycklar [{}]:".format(srcpath))
        answer = input("> ")
        if answer.strip():
            srcpath = answer
        if not os.path.isfile(srcpath):
            raise KeysNotFoundError([srcpath])
        for dstpath in e.paths:
            print("Kopiera {} till {}? (y/n) [n]:".format(srcpath, dstpath))
            answer = input("> ")
            if answer.lower().strip() == 'y':
                print("Skapar kataloger...")
                os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(dstpath), exist_ok=True)
                print("Kopierar {} -> {}".format(srcpath, dstpath))
                copyfile(srcpath, dstpath)

def main(args=None):
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    parser.add_argument('origin', metavar='from', help="Varifrån ska du resa?")
    parser.add_argument('to', help="Vart ska du?")
    parser.add_argument('at', help="När ska du bege dig?", nargs='?',
                        default=datetime.now().strftime('%H:%M'))
    parser.add_argument('--verbose', '-v', action='store_true',
                        help="Skriv ut debuggutskrifter")
    check_keys_installed()
    args = args if args else parser.parse_args()
    if type(args.at) is str:
        # Convert H:MM to HH:MM
        args.at = datetime.strptime(args.at, "%H:%M").strftime("%H:%M")
    if args.verbose:
        logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)
        starttime = time()
    results = travel(args.origin, args.to, args.at)
    if args.verbose:
        logging.debug(pformat(results))
        elapsedtime = time()-starttime
        logging.debug("Elapsed request time: %f seconds", elapsedtime)
    print(trip2str(results))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


VIDEO person avail for FREE.
your flying . I live in the homes above your landing pad.
I am learning HD camera work,as my career.
CUT OFF POINT -APRIL 2009.
Better yet we can probably pay you to drive our car back down (usually get $20), and you can get a lot of footage of launches and since you'll be going back down to the LZ (landing zone), you'll be there for all the landing action.
I live in Sylmar too (1/2 block from Hubbard St Elem), so I can help you a bit. Weekends are always best. This weekend is looking good for nice weather and if it pans out then there will be a lot of pilots out there.
I like having ground based video edited with onboard. Maybe you can work with those of us who like mounting cameras on our wings?
I'm just a beginner so my flights would be boring but here is an example of my flights with a camera mounted on my helmet. (SD). I would recommend a wider lens for onboard POV and mounted on the helmet seems pretty interesting as long as the lens is wide enough because a longer lens would look really jerky with the head movements. The really experienced pilots could shoot some really exciting stuff. My little helmet cam can see 170 degrees. I think it's an 8mm lens but I'm not sure.
Good luck with the video thing. I cannot be down there much due to other commitments, but I'm looking for good "moonwalk landing" footage for training purposes. (Ask the local hot-shots, they'll be able to explain what that is.) If you get some, could I have just the last 10 or so seconds of the landings?
If anyone signs up with her, please try and get some of this footage. There are a bunch of pilots away from So. Cal. who don't really understand it and need a video to clarify.
brandonpeterson wrote: I'm just a beginner so my flights would be boring but here is an example of my flights with a camera mounted on my helmet. (SD). I would recommend a wider lens for onboard POV and mounted on the helmet seems pretty interesting as long as the lens is wide enough because a longer lens would look really jerky with the head movements. The really experienced pilots could shoot some really exciting stuff. My little helmet cam can see 170 degrees. I think it's an 8mm lens but I'm not sure.
Actually, that's a very decent video; nicely put together.
It's interesting how the sun caused a black spot to appear in the video where it was.


Your friend took a solo trip, but your Instagram feed is full of pictures from your family vacations. Your spouse just got promoted and you are still struggling to climb up the ladder. Your neighbour's kid topped in school while your child is just an average student. Do you often catch yourself comparing your life with that of others'? Or secretly desire to live someone else's life? Ever thought about what would happen if we avoided this casual comparison?
During a low-phase, you may invariably compare your situation to others, resulting in low self-esteem. According to author and success coach, Jaime Pfeffer, trapped by such feelings is natural and leads to harsh judgement and a degrading opinion of self. In order to win against such thoughts, it is important to focus on your achievements and move on. Your successful milestones should become your motivation.
Engaging in negative emotions like jealousy and anger is a waste of time and energy. The comparison does not have to be unhealthy. Sometimes it can be productive to emulate a competitor, but you have to be proactive instead of feeling miserable.
You are unique. Everyone has their individual ways, and you need to accept yours. The sooner you do that, the faster you succeed. If you perceive a weakness in your character, work on it and improve your morale.
It is easy to get carried away by social media, where other people's lives always appear better. Regularly detox from social media apps to avoid such overwhelming thoughts. Everything on the internet is not true, so go ahead and steer clear from harm's way.
The ability to buy or do whatever you please is great. But don't base your happiness on a new car, phone, laptop or an expensive trip. Focus on the intangible like going for a walk on a nice day, watching a movie with friends, enjoying a cup of coffee, or reading a book.
I want to take out a moment and congratulate everyone behind ThinkRight.me.
Seeing all negative media it is so wonderful to see some positivism. We need many more like these. Happy to promote this.


This broiled meal features cumin and oregano-spiced steak and peppers with a spicy green salsa sauce. Extras make fantastic sandwiches.
Preheat broiler. Line a large rimmed baking sheet with nonstick foil, or line with regular foil and coat with cooking spray (or just coat with cooking spray, if you prefer).
Place steak and peppers on prepared pan; coat with cooking spray.
In a small cup, combine cumin, oregano and salt; sprinkle on both sides of steak and peppers.
Broil 3 to 4 inches from heat, turning peppers and steak halfway through cooking, about 4 to 5 minutes per side for medium-rare, or longer until desired degree of doneness. Remove steak to a cutting board; let stand 5 minutes.
Meanwhile, put cilantro, salsa and sour cream in blender or food processor; process until smooth.
Slice steak thinly across the grain. Put steak and peppers on a serving platter and serve with salsa mixture. Yields about 2 1/2 ounces steak, 3 pieces pepper and 1/4 cup salsa mixture per serving.
If you don't like your food too spicy, use a mild green salsa. Also consider using three bell peppers and omitting the poblano.


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Happy New Year! It's another year to look forward to in a vibrant real estate market. Do you have plans to sell or buy this year? If you are planning to make a move, follow the real estate market closely this year in hopes to maximize your gains.
There were almost too many local, national and international political, economic, social and ecological factors impacting the 2018 market to count. In the first half of the year, market conditions were about as hot as they've ever been, and there were staggering year-over-year appreciation rates.
With Bay Area homes prices at its highest peak since Quarter 1 2017, buyer optimism about the housing market has settled to its lowest point in three years. Come early autumn, real estate and financial markets began to shift distinctly cooler and it has been observed that home sales have stalled.
Sales fell in the past six consecutive months declining in June from 8.3% to 18.8% year-over-year in September, indicating that supply has outpaced demand with a more equitable balance between buyer and seller markets.
Although a trend of declining home sales dominated the last half of 2018, most recent sales data shows that prices are still up. The median price of a home in the Bay Area in November 2018 was $815,000, well up from November 2017's average of $785,000. In South Beach, the median price for a condo in Q3 2018 was $1,245,000, relatively the same as Q3 2017's average of $1,255,000.
Looking at 2019, there are many wild cards whose impacts are difficult to predict: extremely volatile financial markets, fluctuating interest rates, contentious national politics, international trade issues, spiraling debt levels, employment growth – and a dramatic surge of local high-tech unicorns that plan to go public, which could create a tsunami of new wealth in the Bay Area.
EquityZen, a firm operating a secondary market for stock in private, venture capitalized companies, speculates that 12 major Bay Area start-ups collectively valued at over $150 billion, may go public in 2019-including Uber, Airbnb, Palantir, Lyft and Slack.
Rates have been steadily improving since early November. The high volatility in the markets is likely to continue as Stocks and Bonds continue to bounce around in response to the U.S. government shutdown, U.S./China tariffs, China slowdown, European issues and uncertainty around the Fed.


text:
Facebook Reports Second Quarter 2018 Results
Download this Press Release (PDF 428 KB)
MENLO PARK, Calif., July 25, 2018 /PRNewswire/ -- Facebook, Inc. (Nasdaq: FB) today reported financial results for the quarter ended June 30, 2018.
"Our community and business continue to grow quickly," said Mark Zuckerberg, Facebook founder and CEO. "We are committed to investing to keep people safe and secure, and to keep building meaningful new ways to help people connect."
Second Quarter 2018 Financial Highlights
Three Months Ended June 30,
Year-over-Year %
In millions, except percentages and per share amounts
Payments and other fees
Total costs and expenses
Effective tax rate
Diluted Earnings per Share (EPS)
Second Quarter 2018 Operational and Other Financial Highlights
Daily active users (DAUs) – DAUs were 1.47 billion on average for June 2018, an increase of 11% year-over-year.
Monthly active users (MAUs) – MAUs were 2.23 billion as of June 30, 2018, an increase of 11% year-over-year.
Mobile advertising revenue – Mobile advertising revenue represented approximately 91% of advertising revenue for the second quarter of 2018, up from approximately 87% of advertising revenue in the second quarter of 2017.
Capital expenditures – Capital expenditures for the second quarter of 2018 were $3.46 billion.
Cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities – Cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities were $42.31 billion at the end of the second quarter of 2018.
Headcount – Headcount was 30,275 as of June 30, 2018, an increase of 47% year-over-year.
Facebook will host a conference call to discuss the results at 2 p.m. PT / 5 p.m. ET today. The live webcast of Facebook's earnings conference call can be accessed at investor.fb.com, along with the earnings press release, financial tables, and slide presentation. Facebook uses the investor.fb.com and newsroom.fb.com websites as well as Mark Zuckerberg's Facebook Page (https://www.facebook.com/zuck) as means of disclosing material non-public information and for complying with its disclosure obligations under Regulation FD.
Following the call, a replay will be available at the same website. A telephonic replay will be available for one week following the conference call at +1 (404) 537-3406 or +1 (855) 859-2056, conference ID 7356229.
About Facebook
Founded in 2004, Facebook's mission is to give people the power to build community and bring the world closer together. People use Facebook to stay connected with friends and family, to discover what's going on in the world, and to share and express what matters to them.
Deborah Crawford
investor@fb.com / investor.fb.com
Vanessa Chan
press@fb.com / newsroom.fb.com
This press release contains forward-looking statements regarding our future business expectations, which are subject to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements are only predictions and may differ materially from actual results due to a variety of factors including: our ability to retain or increase users and engagement levels; our reliance on advertising revenue; our dependency on mobile operating systems, networks, and standards that we do not control; risks associated with new products and changes to existing products as well as other new business initiatives; our emphasis on user growth and engagement and the user experience over short-term financial results; maintaining and enhancing our brand and reputation; our ongoing safety, security, and content review efforts; competition; litigation and government inquiries; privacy and regulatory concerns; risks associated with acquisitions; security breaches; and our ability to manage growth and geographically-dispersed operations. These and other potential risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ from the results predicted are more fully detailed under the caption "Risk Factors" in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on April 26, 2018, which is available on our Investor Relations website at investor.fb.com and on the SEC website at www.sec.gov. Additional information will also be set forth in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2018. In addition, please note that the date of this press release is July 25, 2018, and any forward-looking statements contained herein are based on assumptions that we believe to be reasonable as of this date. We undertake no obligation to update these statements as a result of new information or future events.
To supplement our condensed consolidated financial statements, which are prepared and presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (GAAP), we use the following non-GAAP financial measures: revenue excluding foreign exchange effect, advertising revenue excluding foreign exchange effect and free cash flow. The presentation of these financial measures is not intended to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for, or superior to, financial information prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP. Investors are cautioned that there are material limitations associated with the use of non-GAAP financial measures as an analytical tool. In addition, these measures may be different from non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies, limiting their usefulness for comparison purposes. We compensate for these limitations by providing specific information regarding the GAAP amounts excluded from these non-GAAP financial measures.
We believe these non-GAAP financial measures provide investors with useful supplemental information about the financial performance of our business, enable comparison of financial results between periods where certain items may vary independent of business performance, and allow for greater transparency with respect to key metrics used by management in operating our business.
We exclude the following items from our non-GAAP financial measures:
Foreign exchange effect on revenue. We translated revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 using the prior year's monthly exchange rates for our settlement currencies other than the U.S. dollar, which we believe is a useful metric that facilitates comparison to our historical performance.
Purchases of property and equipment. We subtract purchases of property and equipment in our calculation of free cash flow because we believe that this methodology can provide useful supplemental information to help investors better understand underlying trends in our business. Free cash flow is not intended to represent our residual cash flow available for discretionary expenditures.
For more information on our non-GAAP financial measures and a reconciliation of GAAP to non-GAAP measures, please see the "Reconciliation of GAAP to Non-GAAP Results" table in this press release.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(In millions, except for per share amounts)
Interest and other income, net
Income before provision for income taxes
Less: Net income attributable to participating securities
Net income attributable to Class A and Class B common stockholders
Earnings per share attributable to Class A and Class B common
stockholders:
Weighted average shares used to compute earnings per share attributable
to Class A and Class B common stockholders:
Share-based compensation expense included in costs and expenses:
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $198 and $189 as of June 30,
2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively
Partners payable
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
Deferred revenue and deposits
Common stock and additional paid-in capital
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating
Purchases of marketable securities
Sales of marketable securities
Maturities of marketable securities
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired, and purchases of intangible assets
Other investing activities, net
Repurchases of Class A common stock
Other financing activities, net
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of year
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of the period
Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash to the
Restricted cash, included in prepaid expenses and other current assets
Restricted cash, included in other assets
*Prior-period information has been retrospectively adjusted due to our adoption of ASU No. 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows, Restricted Cash (Topic 230) on January 1, 2018.
Supplemental cash flow data
Cash paid during the period for:
Income taxes, net
Net change in prepaids and liabilities related to property and equipment additions
Change in unsettled repurchases of Class A common stock
Reconciliation of GAAP to Non-GAAP Results
(In millions, except percentages)
GAAP revenue
Foreign exchange effect on 2018 revenue using 2017 rates
Revenue excluding foreign exchange effect
GAAP revenue year-over-year change %
Revenue excluding foreign exchange effect year-over-year change %
GAAP advertising revenue
Foreign exchange effect on 2018 advertising revenue using 2017 rates
Advertising revenue excluding foreign exchange effect
GAAP advertising revenue year-over-year change %
Advertising revenue excluding foreign exchange effect year-over-year change %
View original content:http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/facebook-reports-second-quarter-2018-results-300686623.html
SOURCE Facebook

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Blue Jackets Bottom Nine Finally Rise to Occasion
By Mark Scheig February 8th, 2019
The Columbus Blue Jackets waited all season for this moment. The moment finally came Thursday night in Glendale when the team needed it the most.
Lukas Sedlak opened the scoring early and played perhaps his strongest game of the season in helping the Blue Jackets to a 4-2 win against the Arizona Coyotes. You could tell right from his first shift that his line was primed to thrive on this night.
With the puck in the Coyotes' zone early in the game, Sedlak, Markus Hannikainen and Riley Nash put their work caps on and attacked. Their intense pressure allowed them a couple of early scoring opportunities including a goal post. But they didn't stop. The puck was in front of Coyotes' goaltender Darcy Kuemper and they kept pressing. Finally, Sedlak gets his stick on it to open the scoring.
"We need four lines rolling. We needed to chip in more than we had." – @sedli22 pic.twitter.com/XElCjuz6U3
— Columbus Blue Jackets (@BlueJacketsNHL) February 8, 2019
The Blue Jackets needed a good start and got it thanks to the fourth line. They weren't done on this night, not by a long shot.
Bottom-Nine Thrives
When the team needed momentum to swing back their way, this trio was on the ice. They earned the trust of John Tortorella and saw big minutes in key situations especially in the third period. They along with the Alexander Wennberg and Boone Jenner lines played the majority of the second half of the game.
The normally dangerous trio of Artemi Panarin, Pierre-Luc Dubois and Cam Atkinson found themselves in an unusual position later in the game: planted on the Blue Jackets' bench not to see the ice again after just a few shifts in the third period.
When asked postgame if it was the performance of the the top line or the bottom-nine that prompted the move, Tortorella confirmed it was the performance of the top line that prompted the benching.
It was a strange sight to behold live. As lines kept coming over the boards, that top line was never coming on. It proves once again that Tortorella is not afraid to make a move if he feels it benefits the team. It's hard to argue the results based on overall performance.
The top line was hard to find most of the night. They didn't have the usual spark or fire you're used to seeing. Tortorella had enough and went to his other lines. Look at the final on-ice times for the Blue Jackets' forwards:
Artemi Panarin: 16:11
Cam Atkinson: 14:13
Pierre-Luc Dubois: 14:36, despite winning over 80% of draws on the night.
Boone Jenner: 20:09
Nick Foligno: 18:59
Josh Anderson: 18:57
Alex Wennberg: 13:56
Anthony Duclair: 11:35
Oliver Bjorkstrand: 14:31
Riley Nash: 12:18
Lukas Sedlak: 12:00
Markus Hannikainen: 11:27
In the end, the minutes were more spread out. Ideally, the Blue Jackets would like this kind of outcome to happen every night without having to bench a line. Their chances of success increase dramatically if they can consistently get all four lines going at the same time. So although it was not the best night for the top-line, it may prove to be a blessing later on if this game wakes up the other forwards.
Thanks to the bottom-nine, the Blue Jackets now have a chance at a sweep of the road trip when they take on the Vegas Golden Knights Saturday night at T-Mobile Arena.
Boone Jenner was a force Thursday and led the Blue Jackets in time on ice. (Amy Irvin / The Hockey Writers)
Mark's Observations
The Blue Jackets feasted on the Coyotes in the faceoff circle. They won 64% of draws for the night led by Dubois' 82%. Wennberg was 7/9 and Jenner was 18/27. This allowed the Blue Jackets to gain possession and momentum at different points in the game. The Coyotes couldn't get anything going after Josh Anderson's power play goal. Winning the dot helped that cause.
I asked Tortorella after the game if this was the best that both the power play and penalty kill have played at the same time. He admitted that the power-play goal was an opportunity they've had before but this one went in. It happened to become the game-winning goal. And the penalty kill has carried this team since the start of 2019. As a result of Thursday's performance, the Blue Jackets now have the fourth-best PK in the league at 84%. They trail the Coyotes for first by less than 1%. The power play is now up to 25th at over 16%, a dramatic improvement from just one month ago. How about that hall-of-famer Martin St. Louis?
I'm paying close attention to Sergei Bobrovsky given the noise. While there have been some nervous moments at times, he's been strong in this last little stretch. He made a couple of key saves to help keep the game tied when the Coyotes had some push in the second period. The fact that he can perform at such a high level given everything that's happened is pretty amazing. If it's not with the Blue Jackets, he will more than help someone willing to pay up for his services.
Seth Jones is a freak of nature and I'm convinced he was created in a lab. He made some plays Thursday that won't hit the score sheet but they will make you go wow. His ability to exit the zone with size and speed is beautiful to watch. It's a game changing ability that can swing momentum at key moments. He can protect the puck and defenders usually can't do anything about it. But he can also lead the rush as if he's a forward. He's such a treat to watch and will be a big reason why the Blue Jackets can make noise in the playoffs if they make it. Side note: Tortorella postgame didn't even want to consider the word playoffs yet when asked about it.
The Blue Jackets continue to play well on the road. I asked both Zach Werenski pregame and David Savard postgame why that was. They both echoed the same sentiment. They feel the Blue Jackets play a simpler game on the road. Said Savard, "we need to play this kind of game at home too." Said Werenski, "I think we try to do a little too much at home, whether it's a perfect pass or pretty play. We need to play a simpler game." After Saturday night's game in Vegas, the Blue Jackets come home to two critical games against the Islanders and Capitals. We'll see if they can bring their best road game home to Nationwide Arena.
Boone Jenner
Josh Anderson
Lukas Sedlak


text:
'Player contracts should be extended due to coronavirus'
Current contracts for players and coaches should be extended until the end of the delayed domestic soccer seasons, according to an internal FIFA document presented to its Coronavirus Working Group.
The confidential document, seen by Reuters, also recommends allowing transfer windows to be changed in accordance with new season dates and urges clubs and players to work together to find solutions to salary payments during stoppages.
The document is due to be discussed by members of FIFA's Working Group later on Thursday. No decision on the issues has yet been taken by FIFA.
FIFA set up the working group on March 18 and said in a statement that it will "assess the need for amendments or temporary dispensations to the FIFA Regulations on the Status and Transfer of Players' to protect contracts for both players and clubs and adjusting player registration periods.
"This work has already started and will be conducted in consultation with all key stakeholders, including confederations, member associations, clubs, leagues and players," FIFA added.
Most domestic and international football competitions around the world have been suspended due to the pandemic and national team tournaments such as Euro 2020 and the Copa America have been postponed.
While domestic leagues are hoping to resume when the threat from the virus has receded, concrete start dates have yet to be fixed.
That leaves the issue of expiring player contracts, which are usually timed to finish at the end of a given season, as a potential headache.
The key suggestion to the working group in the document seen by Reuters is that "where an agreement is due to expire at the original end date of a season, such expiry be extended until the new end date of the season".
SHIFTING CALENDAR
The same approach would apply to deals for next season, with their start date delayed in accordance with the shifting calendar.
The risk of some domestic divisions starting and finishing earlier or some national leagues having a different start date to other countries is also tackled in the document.
"In case of overlapping seasons and/or registration periods, and unless all parties agree otherwise, priority be given to the former club to complete their season with their original squad, in order to safeguard the integrity of a domestic league championship".
Transfer payments between clubs, scheduled around league start and end dates should also be delayed until the new start date of a season or its first registration period, the document states.
The working group will also examine the issue of clubs' responsibilities to pay their staff when leagues are suspended.
The document states that clubs, players and coaches should be encouraged to work together to agree on salary reductions and deferrals.
Yet they should consider the alternative, where possible, that agreements between clubs and employees are suspended when teams are not playing or training.
It is also recommended that FIFA use its newly-created 'Fund for Professional Players' to help ease any difficulties that clubs are facing.
Transfer windows, fixed around the end and start of the seasons, will also need to be adjusted to fit in with altered season dates and the document suggests such changes should be allowed, so long as they do not exceed the maximum 16-week period.
/srj/
Cricketers to donate half their paychecks to fight coronavirus
Sachin digs deep for India's coronavirus fight


text:
package restapi

import (
	"net/http"

	"github.com/cloustone/sentel/iotmanager/mgrdb"
	"github.com/cloustone/sentel/pkg/config"
	"github.com/labstack/echo"
)

const (
	OK           = http.StatusOK
	ServerError  = http.StatusInternalServerError
	BadRequest   = http.StatusBadRequest
	NotFound     = http.StatusNotFound
	Unauthorized = http.StatusUnauthorized
)

func getConfig(ctx echo.Context) config.Config {
	return ctx.(*apiContext).config
}

func openManagerDB(ctx echo.Context) (mgrdb.ManagerDB, error) {
	c := getConfig(ctx)
	return mgrdb.New(c)
}


On Wednesday the 18th of April 2018 ElaadNL released the first charging station in the world where charging and paying can be done with IOTA. The charger is part of the new ElaadNL test site. The test site is located in business park Arnhems Buiten (former KEMA site) and contains all types of charging stations that are used in the public area in the Netherlands. This includes a fast charger, a charging island, a battery, two charging lanterns and the IOTA charger. The IOTA Tangle is an innovative type of Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) specifically designed for the Internet of Things (IoT) environment. It is an open-source protocol facilitating novel Machine-to-Machine (M2M) interactions, including secure data transfer, fee-less real-time micropayments.
No back office and no communication protocol is required to operate the charging station: the transactions are exchanged directly without the use of a charge card or subscription.
The IOTA charging station operates completely autonomously and takes care of communication and payment with the end 'user'. The meter values are stored every 15 minutes in the Tangle, which ensures reliable and irrefutable administration.


text:
Will Mars Look as Big as the Full Moon on Aug 27, 2010? No, impossible!
Mars and a Colorful Lunar Fog Bow
Photo: Astronomy Picture of the Day
If you've gotten an email telling you to go out and see Mars when it looks as big as the full moon on August 27th, it's a hoax. Mars will never look as big as the full moon as we see it from Earth. There's a great article in Earth Sky that discusses the hoax in detail.
The best way to see Mars and all the planets in their full glory is to contact your local astronomy club. They'll show you gorgeous views of the universe from a telescope that will blow your mind. Now that's something to email your friends about!
Find an astronomy club right NOW on our website!
Find us on Facebook http://www.facebook.com/nightskynetwork!
Get Go StarGaze, a free iPhone app that helps you locate astronomy events & clubs on iTunes!


Suitable for industrial use as well as for hobbies.
Backward. These blades cut leather, fabrics, paper, film, thick and thin, hard and smooth.
Cutting pliers, abt. 130 mm long, to mark patterns, fabrics, paste boards, leather etc.
Reserve needle for "VEITH", red pice with 2 needles, box with 10 pieces.


Attack of the Fantazz Tour blasts of on the Southwestern Leg with fellow Los Angeles rockers, Ryatt on a tour that touches down at Leo's Upstairs Bar on Friday, May 18, 2018 and more bands TBA. Doors open at 8pm. $5 cover.


https://www.buydirect4u.co.uk/product/d-i-y-tools-hardware/d-i-y-tools-hardware-wheelbarrows-sack-trucks-trolleys/d-i-y-tools-hardware-wheelbarrows-sack-trucks-trolleys-sack-trucks/200kg-foldable-sack-trucktrolley/ 2413 Charles Bentley 200kg Foldable Sack Truck/Trolley https://www.buydirect4u.co.uk/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/1970/01/200kg-Foldable-Sack-TruckTrolley-1.jpg 49.99 49.99 GBP InStock /D.I.Y Tools & Hardware /D.I.Y Tools & Hardware/Wheelbarrows, Sack Trucks & Trolleys /D.I.Y Tools & Hardware/Wheelbarrows, Sack Trucks & Trolleys/Sack Trucks This heavy duty foldable sack trolley has a folding platform that can be lifted up for storage or to use the smaller toe plate. The truck has rubber gripped handles making it ideal for carrying heavy loads. This sack trolley comes fully assembled and is great for either personal or commercial use to transport loads up to 200kg.
This heavy duty foldable sack trolley has a folding platform that can be lifted up for storage or to use the smaller toe plate. The truck has rubber gripped handles making it ideal for carrying heavy loads. This sack trolley comes fully assembled and is great for either personal or commercial use to transport loads up to 200kg.


text:
class UserAccount < ActiveRecord::Base
  attr_accessible :email, :first_name, :last_name, :password_hash, :salt, :session, :session_expire, :user_name
  has_many :schedules, :dependent => :destroy

  validates :email, :uniqueness => true

  validates :first_name, :presence => true
  validates :last_name, :presence => true
  validates :email, :presence => true

end


text:
The role freedom and autonomy has played in school improvement
It is a pleasure to be back at the Freedom and Autonomy for Schools - National Association conference. Over a quarter of a century, FASNA has fought for greater school autonomy.
FASNA has seen a large increase in the autonomy of schools over its lifetime - and particularly over the last 6 years. And with increasing autonomy has come an ever greater role for FASNA as it represents its members' interests and promotes autonomy for schools to enable them to innovate and raise standards for their pupils.
There are almost 6,000 academies open today, up from around 200 open in 2010. This government has accelerated the process of providing autonomy to schools. This government believes that autonomous schools - within a strong framework of accountability - are the best vehicle to support teachers and headteachers to improve pupil outcomes.
The government is committed to opening 500 new free schools by 2020 and as the Secretary of State [for Education] has made clear, we want to see all schools, over time, become academies. It is our hope and expectation that schools will want to take advantage of the benefits that academy status can bring.
An academised system allows successful schools to consolidate their success and spread excellence across the country. The great success stories of the academy and free schools programme are examples of this. Take Harris Academy Battersea with a provisional Progress 8 score of 1.15, one of just 7 schools to achieve that level of progress for its pupils. This school is providing life-changing education to its pupils. But the pupils of Harris Academy Battersea are not the only beneficiaries. Other schools that are members of the Harris Federation are also benefiting from sharing resources and expertise with this leading school.
Sir Daniel Moyniham and the Harris Federation team are rightly proud of the record of having only received 'good' and 'outstanding' Ofsted judgements in their academies. This is testament to the hard work of the teachers and headteachers in those schools, and it is also evidence of the power of schools sharing what works. Schools adopted into the Harris Federation are provided with curricula and school systems that have been proven to work. As the academies programme continues to expand, more schools will benefit from adopting and sharing successful practice.
As FASNA has argued for a quarter of a century, freedom for schools and academies facilitates innovation and drives up standards.
This government will continue to convert all schools that are failing, so that they can benefit from the support of a strong sponsor. But we want to see 'good' schools choosing academy status as a positive choice. We will be building capacity across the schools system in order to ensure that these schools thrive, including through growing new multi-academy trusts, so that they can share what works with other schools.
The importance of school funding reform
But there are numerous other reasons for schools to consider academisation. The MAT structure can be particularly appealing to small schools and primary schools, which can call on the expertise of the MAT for back-office arrangements, resulting in more money to spend in the classroom, and to increase and improve the breadth of their curriculum and extra-curricular activities.
There are now 1,713 sponsor academies, many of which have replaced schools that have failed over many years to provide a good enough education for their pupils. These schools are often situated in the most persistently deprived areas of our country.
There are many examples of sponsor academies that have transformed schools up and down the country. Charter Academy Portsmouth - sponsored by Ark - serves a pupil body with almost 60% of pupils eligible for the pupil premium. Pupils living in Portsmouth, thanks to this success of the sponsor academies programme, now have a secondary school that boasts a strong Progress 8 score of 0.29 - significantly above the national average. The school offers over half its pupils the opportunity to study the EBacc - again well above the national average.
There are numerous success stories, but the government is clear that where underperformance occurs, including in academies, we will take swift and robust action.
We are also identifying coasting schools for the first time - that is schools that are not doing enough to challenge and enable their pupils to fulfil their potential. Where this is happening we want to ensure schools receive the support they need.
Regional schools commissioners will assess how well a coasting school is supporting its pupils; whether it has a sufficient plan to improve; and whether it has the capacity to improve. Once the final 2016 results are published in the new year and the coasting regulations are made this autumn, the first coasting schools will be contacted.
The government is clear that school autonomy works best within a system that holds schools and multi-academy trusts to account. We will continue to promote autonomy within an intelligent accountability framework that ensures action is taken to challenge underperformance.
But we will continue to promote academisation because the associated school freedoms can stimulate innovation and sharing that drives improvement. We know this is the case because we can see it in the current system.
The Learning Academy Partnership has worked with the Teacher Development Trust to share subject expertise across the 4 primary schools in the MAT. Using the new CPD standards developed for the Department for Education by David Weston, these schools - and others around the country - are empowered to develop their staff in order to further raise the attainment of their pupils.
Ilsham Church of England Primary School - one of the schools in the MAT - in recognition of the evidence in favour of systematic synthetic phonics, has invested in training for staff in delivering 'Read Write Inc' effectively. By freeing schools to innovate, the government has set the profession free to self-improve.
Schools are not simply motivated to develop greater staff training for the benefit of their pupils - although this is undoubtedly the primary ambition. High-quality training and staff development is important for retention. As Sir Richard Branson said: "Train people well enough so they can leave, treat them well enough so they don't want to."
But academies enjoy even greater freedoms that allow them to recruit and retain teachers. Pay freedom allows academies to offer more attractive salaries in shortage subjects, or to candidates who might otherwise be tempted by a career in another profession.
The academies movement has coincided with - or perhaps even galvanised - a wider movement in education.
Teachers are now leading the education debate. No longer are the great debates of education being held behind closed doors, often far removed from the realities on the ground in schools. Instead, world-leading work is being undertaken by teachers, working in schools, alongside academics.
Daisy Christodoulou and Dr Chris Wheadon are working together on improving the assessment of written work in English. Through No More Marking and their work on comparative judgement, they are compellingly demonstrating a potential future for assessment in primary and secondary English.
The growing role of ResearchED, in this country and around the world, demonstrates how the dynamic of power in education has changed. Teachers present alongside researchers. Debate centres on the reality in classrooms and practical solutions to problems faced by teachers. At the ResearchED national conference - where I had the opportunity to speak about the importance of evidence-based practice - Ofsted's National Director for Education, Sean Harford, and soon to be Chief Inspector, Amanda Spielman, joined a panel discussion about the future direction of school inspections.
These are not the only examples. Michaela Community School is arguably using freedoms more radically than any other school in the country. Marking is kept to a minimum; behaviour is immaculate; the school day has been extended; the teachers all proudly teach from the front; testing is frequent; the curriculum is knowledge-rich; and the results are extraordinary - as anyone who has visited the school will testify.
But Michaela has impacted more widely on the teaching profession. Demand to debate the ideas that underpin the school are demonstrated by their sold-out debates and their upcoming book, which examines what makes that school so different. The freedoms that allowed Katharine Birbalsingh to create the best school she could, will do more than change the lives of the pupils fortunate enough to attend: it will also raise the bar for what is possible for a school to achieve.
It is not for the sake of innovation that academies now enjoy greater freedoms than schools of the past, but because of what results from this autonomy.
City Academy Hackney, King Solomon Academy and Harris Academy Battersea all registered Progress 8 scores above 1, meaning pupils in these schools register, on average, a grade higher in each of the 8 GCSE subjects than similarly able pupils in other schools. The average Progress 8 score is 0. Just 5% of schools in England registered a provisional Progress 8 score above 0.5, whilst 10% registered a score lower than -0.5.
The characteristics that are consistent across these schools - notably a knowledge-rich curriculum and meticulous behaviour systems - will be adopted by schools across the country as they seek to replicate the results of these extraordinary schools.
And we are seeing improved results from our academy programme already. Sponsor academies increased their attainment 8 scores by an average of 3 points, twice the rate of LA-maintained schools. Converter academies continue to lead the secondary landscape with an average attainment 8 score of 53.2 points compared to 49.8 points for LA-maintained schools.
The increasing number of academies, particularly in the secondary sector, has provided many more parents with a wide choice of school for their child.
There are, however, still 65 local authorities where less than half of children have access to a good or outstanding secondary school within 3 miles of their home. For these pupils, the chance of getting the best education depends not on talent or hard work, but on where they live or how much money their parents have.
That is why this government is consulting on a raft of measures to increase the number of 'good' school places.
We are seeking to tap into the knowledge and expertise of this country's world leading universities and independent schools.
The Harris Federation, in collaboration with Westminster School, set up the Harris Westminster Sixth Form. Earlier this year, the school announced it sent 7 pupils to Oxbridge. We want to see more examples of this sort of partnership.
King's College London has opened a new specialist sixth form, King's College London Mathematics School. This sixth form is already performing impressively. In August 2016, 100% of KCLMS students received an A* or A grade in mathematics, including 83% gaining an A*. King's College London is demonstrating the effect that universities can have in the school sector.
Faith schools account for around a third of all mainstream schools in England. The government is proposing to remove the regulations that are preventing more from opening. Faith schools are popular with parents and are significantly more likely to be rated 'good' or 'outstanding' by Ofsted. We will take steps to ensure that new faith schools operate in an inclusive way that promotes British values, but it cannot be right to maintain the restrictive regulation on faith schools when over a million children do not have access to a 'good' or 'outstanding' school place.
The government is also consulting on proposals to increase the number of selective school places. Grammar schools are almost 50% more popular with parents choosing a school place for their child than non-selective schools. This is no surprise. 99% of selective schools are 'good' or 'outstanding'. 82% are 'outstanding'.
Under our proposals, existing grammar schools and new grammar schools would only be allowed to open if they met strict conditions designed to ensure increased numbers of less-well-off pupils have access to a selective education.
The most recent GCSE figures show that pupils at grammar schools - relative to their similarly able peers in comprehensives - make significantly more progress.
The results are even starker for pupils from less affluent backgrounds. Disadvantaged pupils from grammar schools are almost twice as likely to go to a top Russell Group university than their wealthier peers who attend comprehensive schools. And they are more than three times as likely to attend these prestigious universities than their comprehensively educated peers from similar socio-economic backgrounds.
The government's proposals will create a greater number of selective school places. The conditions will ensure that grammar schools drive greater social mobility in this country - as we know they can.
And in order to drive social mobility we need to ensure all schools are operating on a level playing field, with equal access to the resources they need.
Fair funding is an issue that FASNA feels strongly about - and rightly so. This government is determined to tackle the unfairness in the system.
While we have protected the core schools budget in real terms, the system for distributing that funding is outdated, inefficient and unfair; a school in one part of the country could receive over 50% more than an identical school with exactly the same children in another area.
The unfairness of the current system is compounded by the fact that local authorities use different formulae to distribute funding locally. Take, for example, the additional funding attracted by secondary pupils with low prior attainment in Birmingham and Darlington. In 2015, pupils from Birmingham attracted an additional £2,248 - over 60 times more than their equally deserving peers in Darlington.
Later this year will see the department launch the second stage of our consultation. No longer will a school's funding be determined by what happened a decade ago, and no longer will we see unjustifiable differences in funding formulae across local authority boundaries. Instead, each school's funding will be determined by the same national funding formula. Pupils with similar characteristics must be funded at the same rate, no matter where they live. That is fairer for schools, parents and pupils.
I am grateful that many people here today who took part in the first stage of our consultation earlier this year. The consultation has led to a lively national debate about a wide range of issues related to funding. Officials have been analysing all the responses. We will publish our response later in the year.
In the first phase of the consultation, the government outlined a vision for the future school funding system; the principles by which we should set the formulae; and the factors we propose to use, including additional support for children from deprived backgrounds.
The second consultation will confirm the factors that will be in the formula and the weightings we will attach to these, including showing how it will affect the funding of schools and local authorities. These are important and substantial reforms, and it is essential that we consult fully to ensure our proposals are right.
In order to give time for a full and proper consultation to take place and to give schools and local authorities financial certainty for the coming financial year, the government has announced that the implementation of the national funding formula will be from 2018 to 2019 rather than 2017 to 2018.
In July, we confirmed that no local authority will lose per-pupil funding for schools, or high needs funding in the coming financial year. The funding cycle will continue to its usual timetable, and we will confirm final allocations to local authorities in December.
I appreciate there will be frustration about the delayed implementation of this important change, but the need for in-depth consultation and the need not to hold up school and local authority immediate-term financial planning requires the timetable we have announced.
FASNA has played an important role in promoting professional autonomy, and in helping to craft many of the education reforms over the last 6 years which are helping to ensure pupils reach their full potential. I look forward to working with you in the months and hopefully years ahead.
The role freedom and autonomy has played in school improvement


Loved it. Every Senior and Cadet in CAP should see this.
Terrific idea and an excellent start!
Given that the page is part of the museum, we should be as thorough as possible.
Again, great initiative and a good start! Well done.


text:
Q: ec2 node.js server not sending email - any ideas? I have a website that I'm getting back up after a year+ of being down. I haven't made any code changes, and I've got the site back up and everything is working as before except for the site/app sending email.
It's an ubuntu node.js server. It's hosted on Amazon and I had to create another instance and repoint the dns, etc. An example code snippet that used to work but now doesn't:
var emailServer  = email.server.connect({user:"<my gmail>",password:"<mypw>",host:"smtp.gmail.com",ssl:true});
emailServer.send({
          text:    "Your username is: " + userName + ".",
          to:      emailAddress,
          subject: "Activate Your a2zCribbage Account",
          attachment: [...]
        }, function(err, message) { if (err) console.log(err); });

When I first tried to send email the gmail account I use got a message "sign-in attempt prevented" Someone just tried to sign in to your Google Account <account> from an app that doesn't meet modern security standards.
I followed what Google said and changed the security to allow apps, but still nothing gets sent.
What am I missing? What other things can I try? Do ec2 severs not just allow email to be sent by default?

A: Gmail is not a platform for sending automated email. Just because you can doesn't mean it's designed for doing so.
AWS EC2 instances are also problematic for sending email; the ports may be blocked or throttled, you are certainly getting higher spam scores for doing so.
The canonical solution is to use AWS SES. Here's sample code and here's the documentation. There's also a simple third-party library.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Michael Michaud pendant from the Oyster Shell collection, cast in bronze with a gold over silver plate satin finish. Handcrafted in New York. Supplied on a gold plated chain, length adjustable from 16 to 18 inches. When the two sides of the shell open, they reveal a white freshwater cutured pearl inside.


In theory and in practice, processes and routines are often treated as independent entities. Recent field research has begun to suggest ways that routines are interdependent, and information systems have been identified as a key aspect of the phenomenon. However, we are lacking good ways to conceptualize and measure this important construct. In this research-in-progress report, we describe a software artifact that uses data from workflow event logs to measure interdependence within and between routines. We demonstrate this artifact and discuss plans for on-going research.


For the month of March SEE-Change offered a free book giveaway to all new members who join.
You could choose from the CSIRO Home Energy Saving Handbook (John Wright, Peter Osman and Peta Ashworth), the PIP Australian Permaculture magazine or Your Home.
If you were already a member, you went in the lucky draw to win one of these books and We will be drawing 2 names each week.


We are slaves to Christ, and by extension, we are slaves to all people. Christian Perspectives exists to help believers better understand reality as a slave of Christ.
All of our authors subscribe to the Baptist Faith & Message 2000 doctrinal statement. We uniquely desire unity in the Southern Baptist Convention across the great soteriological debate seeing both sides as biblically viable. Our main concern is not debate, but the Gospel going to the nations. That being said, our authors will express their convictions in their articles.


Cymbeline - Name Meaning, What does Cymbeline mean?
Cymbeline as a girls' name is pronounced SIM-be-leen. It is of Gaelic origin, and the meaning of Cymbeline is "sun lord". Also possibly from Greek "kyme" meaning "hollow vessel", referring to the percussion instrument, the cymbal. The title of Shakespeare's "Cymbeline" (1609), whose protagonist is a 12th-century king of Britain.
Recommended sound-alike names are Abbeline, Adeline▲, Amaline, Ameline, Asceline, Aveline, Cabalina, Caelin, Camelia, Camillie, Cammelia (see Camellia), Carline, Caroline▲, Cataline, Cateline, Catelinn (see Caitlin), Caterine, Cathelin, Cathelina, Cathline, Catline, Cauline, Cayelin, Celene, Celie, Celina▼, Celinde, Celine▲, Cescelie, Chabeli, Chabelita, Charelin (see Cherilyn), Charline, Chelie, Cheryline, Cicelie (see Cecilia), Clymene, Coline, Colline, Coraline▲, Coralline (see Coral), Cordelie, Cybel, Cybele, Cybille, Cyrene, Embline, Emeline, Emelyne, Emiline, Emmaline▲, Emmeline▲, Emmelyne, Etheline, Eveline, Jaqueline▼, Joceline, Joeline, Josceline, Katheline, Kymberlie, Madeline, Magdeline, Marceline, Micheline, Myrline, Noeline, Odeline, Orseline, Roeline, Romeine, Roseline, Wendeline, Zeline and Zoeline. These names tend to be more commonly used than Cymbeline.


text:
Launch date: Tue 29 Sep 15
Chris Ashman
Meleri Evans
Cause of Service: Person cut off by tide
Wind Direction: East-southeast
Casualty Type: Persons Ashore
Return Date: Tue 29 Sep
Aberystwyth RNLI lifeboat crew were out on a first aid search training scenario on Tuesday evening (29 September) when they came across a person cut off by the tide.
They thought they had located the casualty being used for the training scenario, but in fact it was a man in need of rescue who had been cut off by the unusually high tides - or 'supertides' - being experienced across the country this week.
The plan for the training exercise had been for the RNLI lifeboat crew to find and treat a mocked up cliff faller in need of medical assistance.
As part of the scenario, both the Atlantic class lifeboat and the Arancia inshore rescue boat had been sent to the Constitution Hill area to search for the possible cliff faller. This was in fact a decoy to give the scenario team time to set up an exercise casualty in a completely different location which would be given to the crews later.
But just as the scenario team were about to inform the lifeboat crews that the fake faller was somewhere else entirely, they heard reports that a real casualty who had been cut off by the tide in a cove near to Constitution Hill had been located.
Aberystwyth RNLI Volunteer Helm Emily Foot, who was first onto the beach, noticed that the man didn't have any injuries but was wet from the waist down.
She said: 'We sometimes use people not familiar to the crew as casualties in big exercises, so the fact I didn't recognise him was not unusual, but I soon realised he was not injured and not part of the exercise.'
The casualty informed the crew that he was in fact an extreme fisherman and had planned to stay at the location and then climb out or sit up on the cliff. It was a still night and he had already been in the water up to his waist as he was moving back along the coast from cove to cove.
Although he had made some safety provisions, he hadn't factored in the 'supertide' that was still incoming. There was also a danger he could get very cold fairly quickly after going into the water.
Whilst being transferred from the beach to the Atlantic RNLI lifeboat he mentioned he had seen another man walking along the beach earlier in the day, who had not been seensince.
Whilst the Atlantic lifeboat brought the casualty back to the station the Arancia started another shoreline search to Clarach. They were soon joined by the Atlantic to assist in the search. After a thorough search along the coast and cliffs and with no one found it was believed the second casualty had walked to Clarach before the tide came back in and both boats were stood down.
The casualty exercise was cancelled as the boats were recovered and debriefed.
Helmsman Nick Thompson said: 'If it wasn't for my eagle eyed crew we may have been picking up a casualty in the middle of the night who was hypothermic and in a lot more difficulty.
'We would always recommend that people check the tide times before going onto the beach at low tide as it can quickly turn and cut you off.'


text:
Today In Salisbury's History: Friday, Aug. 20, 1976
Aug 19th, 2015 · by Greg Bassett · Comments:
Friday, Aug. 20, 1976
Two men were found shot to death in a drainage tile along the northbound Route 13 Bypass after a holdup and kidnapping at the South Division Beer & Wine store. Police said the men — George Whayland, 45, of Allen Drive and Louis Conti, 61, of Highland Drive — were abducted after $687 was stolen from the store's cash register and were take on a ganglanstayle ride . A manhunt was under way for a chunky-built man with black shoulder-length hair, who was driving a late-model Ford Cobra. Police said it appeared the bodies had been dumped from along the highway, about 1 mile south of Route 50, and rolled 30- to 50 feet down the embankment.
Police were looking for a man who entered the Trailways Bus Terminal on East Main Street and fired a pistol containing blanks toward a group of people waiting for a bus. Police said the man entered the station on crutches, then left the building, where he got into a car driven by another person and fled. Police said they believe the incident was some sort of prank.
Police were hunting in western Wicomico County for a man who robbed the Horner Brothers Store in Bivalve of cash at 8:30 a.m. Friday.
The Salisbury Chamber of Commerce Board of Directors approved a resolution opposing a congressional effort to force the divestiture of 18 of the nation's largest oil companies. In a separate measure, Chamber leaders also formally signaled their approval for offshore oil drilling off Ocean City. Harry Patton, chairman of the Chamber's Energy and Environmental committees, said he would be drafting the appropriate letters to elected officials in Washington and Annapolis.
Judge Richard M. Pollitt sentenced Lawrence H. Moates of Mount Street to 18 months in jail for petty theft and uttering. An employee at GLC Contractors on Baker Street, Moates was convicted of stealing a company file cabinet and cashing a company check for $182.81 at a local supermarket .
Brian Deel his a three-run homer as Delmarva Evangelistic defeated Trinity Methodist 16-1 in a Church League Playoffs game. Dwight Johnson also knocked in four runs. Roger Johnson was the winning pitcher.
Greg Bassett is editor and general manager of Salisbury Independent. Reach him at gbassett@newszap.com


CutBank continues its new online feature, The Woodshop, with this submission from Ana Maria Spagna, whose story "Low Ground and High Ground" appears in CutBank 79. Review our submission guidelines here, then submit your own Woodshop to cutbankonline@gmail.com. Order CutBank 79 here.
I work at a desk built by Joe McLean in Twisp, Washington, in 1935. It's a small, plain desk made of plywood with 22 shallow hand-nailed tin drawers—eleven per side—each with a card catalog-style label-and-pull.
For decades the desk sat at High Bridge Ranger Station four miles from where it sits now in my house. When I showed up in this remote valley 20 years ago to work for the National Park Service I lived at High Bridge. The place had no running water, no electricity, but a river ran past fast and cold through a deep gorge—over which the namesake bridge spanned—and I had a roommate I'd fall in love with and build this house with and eventually marry. Everything that summer seemed magic. I hardly noticed the desk. A relic, it sat in the corner.
One day a decade later, after I'd quit the Park Service to give writing a serious go, friends arrived at our house in a pickup with this desk. It'd been slated for the dump, and they thought I might want it. When we took it apart we found a signature on an inner wall where the top right draw slides in. He had signed in pencil in cursive: Joe McLean, Twisp, Washington, April 17, 1935. We moved it in, and now that's where I sit and write.
The view is of the sky and treetops—maples, firs, cottonwoods—and not the mossy ground or the dusty road, which seems about right. Aim high. Don't look down. I've surrounded myself with posters from research or book fests, dorm room-style, to make me feel less alone and maybe younger, and with shelves of books. But the desk dictates my approach. I try to make do with humble tools, like Jack MacLean with his tin and nails and sliding paper files. Nothing fancy.
I write true stories about people and places I know, and sometimes venture out to learn about other people's lives and come back here to sit and type. Come early afternoon I'm out of steam, almost always, sick of sitting and stewing. So I go outside to split firewood or walk by the river. If I walk far enough I can reach High Bridge. If I walk farther I can reach Twisp, Washington—about 40 miles by trail. Nothing's out of reach.


We are able to offer 71 very comfortable en-suite bedrooms for you to stay before, during or after your event. Our bedrooms are located in the main house where you will find a more traditional style, and in our Garden Wing where rooms are more contemporary. A number of them enjoy views of our country estate and the Vale of Berkeley.


Which primary Operating System are you running PixInsight on?
I'm just bumping this topic to see if more users might care to submit their details.
I expect that Juan would have a reasonable idea of relative popularity from the download stats.
I suppose the download stats can be skewed by people downloading the same platform more than once but you'd think there are trends.
Yes - I know that, in the world of PixInsight. 'correct' scientific statistical analysis is 'king'. But, I still think that an overview of OS usage will be interesting.
Let's see how the Poll develops . . .
Not a bad guess then Sander.
Indeed, shockingly accurate If only all my wild guesses were this accurate!
Windows is sometimes treated as the ugly step child of the PI universe but it pays the bills, as I expected.


I am Mrs. Selmanson and I am so blessed to have the opportunity to teach at Los Altos Grace!
I was born and raised in Tempe, Arizona. I am the oldest of eleven children, and my family is a very important part of my life. Growing up in a large family, I always knew I wanted to pursue a career working with children. In 2015, I graduated from the University of Arizona with a degree in Elementary Education, got married, and started a new life in Bullhead City, Arizona. My husband and I recently relocated to Orange County to be closer to our family. When I am not at school I enjoy reading, working out, cooking, and spending time with family.
Creating an environment in my classroom where my students feel loved, safe, and comfortable being their true self is my focus of each school year. My passion is to build a learning environment that meets the needs of every student. I focus on multisensory and hands-on learning. After teaching in public school for three years, I am so excited to be able to share my love for the Lord and teach at the same time!


text:
Jan Richter (29 March 1923 – 25 July 1999) was a Czech ice hockey player who competed in the 1952 Winter Olympics.

References

1923 births
1999 deaths
Czech ice hockey goaltenders
Ice hockey players at the 1952 Winter Olympics
Olympic ice hockey players of Czechoslovakia
People from Tišnov
Sportspeople from the South Moravian Region
Czechoslovak ice hockey goaltenders

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: derivative formula related to Rogers-Ramanujan continued fraction What is the derivative of Rogers-Ramanujan Continued Fraction?
In the answer of upper link, Nikos Bagis claimed that
$$ R'(q)=5^{-1}q^{-5/6}f(-q)^4R(q)\sqrt[6]{R(q)^{-5}-11-R(q)^5}\textrm{, }:(d1)$$
Where can I get a proof for this formula?


text:
Q: General Gson Serialization of API types I am working with an API that can have different types for it's attributes
The attributes can either be Ids or Objects
I want to build a generalized type that handles this for me with Gson serialization.
Example:
"platforms": [
        6
    ]

"platforms": [
    {
        "id": 6,
        "name": "PC (Microsoft Windows)",
        "slug": "win",
        "url": "https://www.igdb.com/platforms/win",
        "created_at": 1297639288000,
        "updated_at": 1470063140518,
        "website": "http://windows.microsoft.com/",
        "alternative_name": "mswin"
    }
]

I am working with Kotlin and have started building my Generalizable class
data class ObjectType<T>(
        var Id: Long? = null,
        var expand: T? = null
)

I am currently stuck in constructing my JsonDeserializer, as it needs a return of type T which in my case can be both an Int or an Object. I have tried to replace the T with ObjectType which works 'better' but cannot handle the cases when the JSON is an array.
I am currently trying to make it work with just the Generalized Type T as I can set the type as List> instead.
Current Implementation:
class ObjectDeserializer<T> : JsonDeserializer<T> {

    override fun deserialize(json: JsonElement?, typeOfT: Type?, context: JsonDeserializationContext?): T {
        if (json != null) {

            if (json.isJsonArray) {

                val struct: T = Gson().fromJson(json, T::class.java) as T
                return struct
            } else {
                val id = Gson().fromJson(json, Long::class.java)
                //return ObjectType(id, null)
            }

        }

        return T as T
    }
}

I would love some input on how to solve this.

A: Your implementation has some issues and inconsistencies. First you have to make sure to deserialize ObjectType<T>. Thus you have to declare the class as:
class ObjectDeserializer<T> : JsonDeserializer<ObjectType<T>>

It would also be easier to assume that all parameters are non-null:
override fun deserialize(json: JsonElement, typeOfT: Type,
                         context: JsonDeserializationContext): ObjectType<T>

Now you can use typeOfT which is actually the type of T in JsonDeserializer, not in ObjectDeserializer. Therefore it's the type of ObjectType<T> you need to deserialize. To move to the next step you need to find the actual type of T:
val objectTypeType = typeOfT as ParameterizedType
val actualTypeOfT = objectTypeType.getActualTypeArguments()[0]

As the next step you need to figure out the contents of json. In your case you won't ever find an array, but an object or a long:
return if (json.isJsonObject()) {
    val struct: T = context.deserialize(json, actualTypeOfT)
    ObjectType(expand = struct)
} else {
    val id = json.getAsLong()
    ObjectType(Id = id)
}

Here you return the ObjectType instances without any error handling, which you might need to add as well.
Then you should provide this deserializer to Gson by:
registerTypeAdapter(ObjectType::class.java, ObjectDeserializer<Any>())

Whenever Gson needs to deserialize an ObjectType<TheType>, it finds the instance of ObjectDeserializer and provides ObjectType<TheType> as typeOfT to deserialize.