text:
Why is the candela a base unit of the SI?
The candela is defined as
The candela is the luminous intensity, in a given direction, of a source that emits monochromatic radiation of frequency $540\cdot10^{12}$ hertz and that has a radiant intensity in that direction of $1/683$ watt per steradian.
Now, I don't see any reason why luminous intensity should be a base unit. I mean, we can just as simply specify the luminous intensity of any source in terms of its frequency and radiant intensity. It seems (to me) that luminous intensity has just been used to clump the two parameters together.
Contrast this with the definition of a meter
The meter is the length of the path travelled by light in vacuum during a time interval of $1/299 792 458$ of a second.
Now, in the definition of a meter there is one key player, namely light. Even though this definition is given in terms of second (as candela is given in terms of frequency and radiant intensity) but it also refers to a fixed fundamental 'thing' in nature: light. It is primarily on the properties of light that this definition is based, and we require experimentation to determine the 'length' of a meter. This is similar to the definition for a second which refers to an actual real-world object, namely a cesium atom.
But I see no such reference in the definition of a candela. Why is candela a base SI unit then?
EDIT: As pointed out by some in the comments below, apparently candela has been chosen as a base unit considering its usefulness in other fields (quite unrelated to physics). So I guess my question is modified then to: Is there any rationale from the standpoint of physics to choose candela as a base SI unit?
notation si-units metrology
Emilio Pisanty
GerardGerard
$\begingroup$ Because the SI is also used by biologists and other scientists for which human sensibility to light is a meaningful quantity. Physics isn't everything :) $\endgroup$ – Koaaala May 10 '15 at 15:18
$\begingroup$ Related: physics.stackexchange.com/q/353/2451 $\endgroup$ – Qmechanic♦ May 10 '15 at 15:30
$\begingroup$ Even more important than biologists and other scientists, SI is used by commerce and industry. Enabling commerce and industry is the primary reason why SI exists. $\endgroup$ – David Hammen May 10 '15 at 15:32
The point is that luminous intensity is intensity as perceived by the human eye, and particularly taking into account the fact that the same amount of power will be perceived as brighter or dimmer depending on whether the wavelength is at a maximum of the eye's sensibility or at a minimum.
This makes the candela ever so slightly washier than the other six SI base units, because you need to rely on physiological measurements of the average human, whoever that is, but the simple fact is that you cannot measure how bright a light looks to a human eye using just stopwatches, yardsticks and weights - you need to use the eye itself as a measurement device, or at the very least calibrate with one. Luminous intensity is a measure of the biological response of a specific system (if not of the subjective perception this response causes), and unless you're willing to define the unit of luminous intensity in terms of neuron activity on the optical nerve then you really do need a unit of measurement that's independent of the mks triplet.
In general, suppose your eye receives light from a source with a radiant intensity of $$I_\mathrm{r.i.}=(I_\mathrm{r.i.})\:\mathrm{W\:sr^{-1}m^{-2}},$$ i.e. each unit area $A$, channelling a pencil of radiation of solid angle $\Omega$ receives $I_\mathrm{r.i.}A\Omega$ joules of radiated energy per second. This still doesn't tell you how bright the source will look to you, though, because the different receptors are more or less sensitive to radiation at different wavelengths. However, this dependence has been quite thoroughly studied using a number of methods, which have resulted in a fairly standard luminosity function: that is, a function $$\bar{y}(\lambda),\text{ also denoted }V(\lambda),$$ that tells you how bright lights look at different wavelengths. Thus if $\bar{y}(\lambda_1)/\bar{y}(\lambda_2)=2$ then a light at $\lambda_1$ will look twice as bright as a lamp of the same radiant intensity at $\lambda_2$.
There is of course some individual variation, as well as the tough metrological problem of measuring and standardizing the luminosity function, and controlling for the fact that different populations can have different average responses, but that's all in the game and it's ultimately someone else's (i.e. not a physicist's) business. And if you want to really go down the rabbit hole, you need to control for the fact that the perceived intensity will vary under well-lit versus low-light conditions, and down and down it goes. However, you only need to normalize once for each set of conditions; hence the value of standard candles.
The candela comes in, essentially, as the units of the standard luminosity function. A light source of wavelength $\lambda$ and radiant intensity $I_\mathrm{r.i.}$ will have a (perceived) luminous intensity $$I_\mathrm{l.i.}=\bar{y}(\lambda)I_\mathrm{r.i.},$$ where now the luminous intensity $I_\mathrm{l.i.}$ is a completely different beast to the radiant intensity, depending as it does on a human reaction, so it is measured in candela. It follows, then, that the luminosity function has units of $\mathrm{cd}/(\mathrm{W\:sr^{-1}m^{-2}})$, and the role of the SI definition is to normalize it such that $$\bar{y}(555\:\mathrm{nm})=\frac{1\:\mathrm{cd}}{\mathrm{W\:sr^{-1}m^{-2}}}.$$ From here one can then fill out the rest of the curve for $\bar{y}(\lambda)$ using only comparative measurements of (perceived) luminous intensity, which are much easier.
When measuring the "brightness" of a light source, there is a huge number of different quantities of interest, each with their own unit but a very similar name to the others, and depending on exact details like whether you're integrating over angle, or surface, or wavelength, or any combination thereof. It is very easy, as a physicist, to simply give up and reckon that "luminous intensity" will simply be one of the list. Similarly, it's easy to simply slide over terms like photometry and not realize that it's very different to radiometry.
That just means, though, that we need to up our game a bit and realize that there's an extra dimension at play here - the subjective sensation of brightness as perceived by the human eye as a measuring device - that we need to include on an equal footing to our clocks, meter sticks and (soon to be) watt balances, if we really want to produce measurements which are useful in a world inhabited by humans.
Emilio PisantyEmilio Pisanty
$\begingroup$ (+1) That was elegant, informed and illuminating (ba-dum-ts), but the conclusion at the end was especially compelling! $\endgroup$ – let's have a breakdown Mar 27 '18 at 4:51
$\begingroup$ I understand that the candela is useful. But on purely theoretical ground, shouldn't effective radiation dose have its own base unit. What about temperature as percieved by humans and things like that? I guess they aren't as useful. But you could apply a similar reasoning, right? $\endgroup$ – jinawee Nov 18 '18 at 17:33
$\begingroup$ @jinawee I don't see the case for "temperature as perceived by humans". I don't understand equivalent radiation doses well enough, but I do see the potential for a case that as a spectral-weighted quantity it is equivalent to the luminous intensity; a clearer equivalent is the sone as a unit for loudness, but it has large drawbacks in the larger variability in human hearing (both between individuals and over time for each individual) as compared to luminous intensity. (cont.) $\endgroup$ – Emilio Pisanty Nov 18 '18 at 17:42
$\begingroup$ As you say, usefulness is almost certainly part of the criteria used originally to define the canonical set of seven base units; the candela probably made the cut because you get a lot more lights sold rated in lumens than any of the competitors. As I've argued elsewhere, the concept of a base unit (or at least, the canonical set in current use) makes very little sense come the New SI, but it seems the historical inertia is by now too great to overcome. $\endgroup$ – Emilio Pisanty Nov 18 '18 at 17:44
That definition is for calibration. Luminosity is based on a standardized model of human eye and takes into account sensitivity of human eye to different wavelengths. Two source with the same intensity but different frequency have different luminosity. Luminosity is related to intensity and frequency by the luminosity function.
AzadAzad
Is there any rationale from the standpoint of physics to choose candela as a base SI unit?
That's still the wrong question. The right question: Why do these standards (any of them) exist? The answer is commerce and industry. The SI doesn't exist to support the sciences; that it does support the sciences is a nice side benefit. It exists to support humans, and in particular, commerce and industry.
We humans rely extensively on vision. It is arguably our most important sense. We need artificial lighting to make our modern world possible. Standards for lighting are important. People make mistakes in low lighting, get headaches in overly bright lighting. The use of 540 terahertz in the definition of the candela is anything but arbitrary. That is where the human vision system peaks. The factor of 1/683 -- that's to make the physics-based definition of the candela consistent with older definitions. Consistency is very important in metrology. Consistency is the reason for that seemingly arbitrary factor of 1/299792458 used in the definition of the meter.
As an aside, there are lots of physicists who don't use SI units. To an astrophysicist, the second, meter, and kilogram are too small. They tend to use years (qualified with kilo, mega, giga) for time, astronomical units or parsecs for distance, and the mass of the Sun as their base units. To a particle physicist, the second, meter, and kilogram are too big, and also are not particularly meaningful. Particle physicists view energy as a base concept (as opposed to mass, which is just one of many forms of energy). To a theoretical physicist, the SI is but a tiny step toward a consistent set of units. As far as a theoretical physicist is concerned, SI is little better than the customary units still used in the US.
David HammenDavid Hammen
$\begingroup$ Theoretical physicist in education here, and believe me: SI is far, far, far better than US customary units. And SI will improve vastly with the new definitions planned in the next years (all units will be defined by fixing universal constants). Although I have to admit I use atomic units, geometric units or Gauss-units where appropriate. The only thing that really annoys me about SI, is that temperature has its own base unit (instead of making the Boltzmann factor merely an energy unit conversion factor). $\endgroup$ – Sebastian Riese May 10 '15 at 20:48
$\begingroup$ I disagree. If commercial and industrial standards were the only thing at play, the candela would be very welcome as a unit accepted for use with SI units like the hectare or the AU, with no need to grant it base unit status. The reason it's a base unit is that luminous intensity is brightness as perceived by the human eye, and is this that introduces a new physical dimension and the corresponding need for a base unit. $\endgroup$ – Emilio Pisanty Jan 19 '16 at 22:25
$\begingroup$ @EmilioPisanty -- This is not a new physical dimension. The issue of how many physical dimensions exist is highly debated. Maybe zero, maybe one, maybe three, but not seven. The candela and units derived from it exist because people are important from a perspective of commerce and industry (which are the ultimate drivers of the standards). From the perspective of physics, there's nothing special going on here. Technically advanced beings who live on a planet orbiting a red dwarf will have a very similar concept of the speed of light but a very different concept of luminosity. $\endgroup$ – David Hammen Jan 19 '16 at 22:43
$\begingroup$ Yes. In the meantime, we'll just keep calling "luminous intensity as perceived by humans" simply "luminous intensity". The perceived brightness is as much an independent physical dimension from radiant intensity as length is independent from time: both pairs can be related given access to a special object (resp. light and humans) which we assume to be constant for the duration of the standard. If you're OK with taking down length as an independent physical dimension then that's fine with me, but I gotta wonder why you're debating the SI base units at all. $\endgroup$ – Emilio Pisanty Jan 19 '16 at 22:49
$\begingroup$ The point is that measures of the brightness of a light source are split completely down the middle: one set which does not require access to humans to measure (i.e. using appropriate bolometers), and one set which does. Same for kinematic measures which require access to a standard mass versus the ones which don't. $\endgroup$ – Emilio Pisanty Jan 19 '16 at 22:51
Personally, from a pure physics point of view, i don't think we need the candela as a base S.I. unit. it seems that all we need is: m,kg,s,A,K,mol
These can all be related to basic physics constants (see Physics Today, July 2014, p. 37): c,h,delta nu(pick any atomic transition),e,k(Boltzmann),N_A(Avogadro's)
Actually, even N_A is only necessary from a practical sense of macroscopic measurements. Once that is given up, and N_A is added, then one also includes units like the candela related to human visual perception. Regarding sound perception, to be consistent there should be another unit added such as the loudness level "phon" or loudness scale "sone". We see, we hear, to be consistent, perhaps a human sound scale unit should be included too; it's not never-ending, eight "fundamental" S.I. units seem to sum it up from our current best point of view.
Billy D. JonesBilly D. Jones
Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged notation si-units metrology or ask your own question.
What are the proposed realizations in the New SI for the kilogram, ampere, kelvin and mole?
Why were the SI base quantities chosen as such?
What is a base unit in the new SI, and why is the ampere one of them?
Redefinition of everything on May 20th, 2019
If the candela is a base SI unit, why isn't the sone an SI unit at all?
Measuring the speed of light and defining the metre - absolute or relative?
Why the kilogram is not defined?
If two ends were a certain "length" apart were they therefore at rest (or at least rigid) to each other?
Can a value of "length, in meters" be attributed to a pair of ends which are rigid (but not at rest) to each other?
Unit definition concerning light and metre
Why is the meter considered a basic SI unit if its definition depends on the second?
Base unit definition and realization under relativistic conditions
Why are "degrees" and "bytes" not considered base units


text:
Home>Articles>2020 General Election Preview: 36th Assembly District
Assemblymember Tom Lackey (Photo: Kevin Sanders for California Globe)
2020 General Election Preview: 36th Assembly District
California Globe takes an inside look into the 36th Assembly District race
By Evan Symon, October 30, 2020 7:36 am
Located in a catty-corner of the Counties of Los Angeles, Kern, and San Bernardino, the 36th Assembly District is the end of Los Angeles and the beginning of farms and ag lands.
Once mostly Republican, 20 years of migration north from Los Angeles has brought a major Democratic presence in this district, especially in cities like Lancaster. While there are still spots of red here, most notably around Edwards Air Force Base, it has become steadily blue. Ten years ago the area was evenly Democratic and Republican. Now registered Democrats outnumber registered Republicans in the district by 7%.
The 36th district is suburban and rural, meaning that there are a lot of issues on the table here. While some, like environmental issues and renewable energy, may find bipartisan agreement due to the area, other issues are going to be a bit more split by party. And that's where the dividing lines will be.
Republicans and Democrats have been playing tug of war with this district since the lines were redrawn in 2012. In 2012, Democrat Steve Fox won the seat, with now Assemblyman Tom Lackey (R-Palmdale) coming third in the Primary. However, Fox only won by about 100 votes, marking the district as the Democrats' most vulnerable. Republicans, angered by losing such a close race, went all out in 2014, with Lackey striking back against Fox and winning by over 60%.
After another win by Lackey over Fox in 2016 they faced each other yet again in 2018, with Lackey barely holding on by 5,000 votes. We'll give you a wild guess at who the Democrats have running this year.
Lackey's number of wins is surprising, as Democrats have been growing in numbers, and that major races here have gone Democrat in recent years. Newsom won here by a few percentage points in 2018 and Clinton topped Trump here by 6 points in 2016. But Lackey still prevails.
This year, Fox hopes to get the spot back and win one of the few remaining red districts in LA County.
Tom Lackey – Incumbent Assemblyman Tom Lackey is hoping to beat Fox yet again in the 36th. A graduate of Utah State University, Lackey was initially a special education teacher before becoming a member of the California Highway Patrol for 28 years. After his time in the CHP, Lackey moved on to politics, scoring his first major win as a trustee on the Palmdale Elementary School Board in the early 2000's. He followed this up by being elected to the Palmdale City Council in 2005. After his initial Assembly defeat to Fox in 2012, Lackey was elected in 2014 after an extremely expensive race, and has held the seat since.
Since being elected, Lackey has had a focus on drug and law enforcement related bills, helping lead the way on drugged driving legislation. Overall, Lackey has shown himself to be the benchmark for moderate Republicans in the Assembly. He has a soft spot for education, with California's teacher unions giving an average 50% rating, which is pretty high for a member of the GOP. Law enforcement and business groups love him too. Labor unions also give him decent scores. Democrats have had a hard time against him precisely because he isn't hardline. And because he has co-authored half of his bills with Democrats.
This year Lackey is straddling the center even more, going after many transplant middle-class voters by going after middle-class affordability in the state. He's also pushing the economy by enticing businesses to come to the district to help the area recover from the COVID-19 economic drop from earlier this year. However, his background as a police officer, and his still ardent support for law enforcement, may hurt him in the wake of the George Floyd protests and riots from the summer. The issue was bread and butter for him in the past, and he even refused to vote for bills limiting police use of force, which may turn some of those transplants back towards voting for Fox.
Lackey has several unions on his side, including firefighters, and has attracted many business and taxpayer organizations, like the Howard Jarvis Taxpayers Association. A lot of state and local lawmakers are also endorsing him.
All in all, Lackey is banking on his moderate views and experience to pull through in 2020.
Former Assemblyman Steve Fox. (Photo: Wikipedia)
Steve Fox – Running yet again for the Democrats is former Assemblyman Steve Fox. A former teacher and lawyer, Fox won the seat in 2012 after switching his party affiliation from Republican and serving a stint as a board member at the Antelope Valley Hospital. However, in 2014 he faced a huge scandal less than 2 months before the election. Two former employees brought forth sexual harassment charges against Fox. This sunk him that year, losing by a huge margin to Lackey in what should have been a close race. And it keeps haunting him.
The Assembly had to pay out his victims in settlements until 2017, costing hundreds of thousands of dollars. Somehow, despite the #metoo era, Fox survived and kept running. But with those harassments lingering over him, he kept losing. Fox never admitted to any wrong doing and said that the allegations were smears. But the Democrats have had enough of him by this point. They're not even endorsing him this year.
Fox, who has been using his last name for all the puns it's worth (i.e. mentioning 'that's what the fox says' on his website) is running on traditional Democratic views and few regional issues here and there. He's going strong on education, and wants to bring a University to his district (Sen. Scott Wilk is already working on this). Fox is also pushing for sheltering the homeless, propping up small businesses, and is going strong against violent crime, with one of his first acts if elected promising authoring a bill saying that victims would never have to pay any money to the perpetrator who performed the crime against them.
As for endorsements, Fox only has a handful of local leaders pulling for him. State level lawmakers and above don't really want to touch him and the party, as mentioned earlier, doesn't want to back him.
The Democrats really wanted Jonathon Ervin over Fox in the Primary, but Fox won due to a quick influx of money, and his old guard pillar of support standing firm.
If Ervin had gotten the nod, the Dems would have likely won here, as an ex-military person of color is sort of the perfect candidate in the 36th. But instead, Fox won the primary, getting 17% of the vote.
Lackey's 53% of the vote gave him an early favorite status, and he hasn't really let go. Despite COVID-19, the economic downturn, gigantic calls for police accountability and social justice, and a Trump backlash going against Lackey and the GOP, he's still out ahead here due to being a moderate and not having multiple sexual harassment suits against him.
A lot of Democrats can't bring themselves to vote for Fox because of his past. And while the Democrats would grudgingly accept Fox's victory, many wouldn't like it.
Lackey will likely get another narrow victory here, especially if unregistered conservatives come out in numbers. Perhaps if the Democrats supported him, Fox might have edged out in terms of votes, but his past is just too much and is still very much remembered in the district. If the GOP wins, they are really going to need to evaluate 2022 here, while the Democrats will put out a huge search for anyone but Fox. If Fox wins, then both parties will only tell themselves that it's two years until redistricting.
Evan Symon
Evan V. Symon is the Senior Editor for the California Globe. Prior to the Globe, he reported for the Pasadena Independent, the Cleveland Plain Dealer, and was head of the Personal Experiences section at Cracked. He can be reached at evan@californiaglobe.com.
Latest posts by Evan Symon (see all)
Los Angeles Air Quality Agency Suspends Pollution Limits For Crematoriums - January 19, 2021
LA Schools Superintendent Asks City, State to Have Schools Become Vaccination Sites - January 18, 2021
Off-Road Vehicle Regulation Bill Introduced Again in Senate - January 18, 2021
Spread the news:
Tom Lackey and Steve Fox Will Face Off for the Fourth 36th Assembly District Election in a Row
Tagged #metoo, 2020 36th Assembly District Election, 2020 election, 2020 George Floyd protests, 2020 pirmary election, 36th Assembly District, 36th Assembly District Election, California Highway Patrol, COVID-19, economy, education, Edwards Air Force Base, Homelessness, Howard Jarvis Taxpayers Association, Johnathon Ervin, Kern County, Los Angeles County, Palmdale City Council, San Bernardino County, Steve Fox, Steve Fox sexual harassment allegations, Tom Lackey
Los Angeles City Council Delays Homeless Camp Removal Ordinance Vote
Report Finds that Faulty So Cal Edison Equipment Caused 2018 Woolsey Fire

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Home » SCP Connect » Counseling Psychologists' Accomplishments » Congratulations to the 2018 SCP Fellows!
Barbara Palombi, Ph.D., ABPP earned her degree in Counseling Psychology from Michigan State University. As a licensed psychologist, she provided 25 years of direct services for college students at Colorado State, Arizona State, and Grand Valley State University. While at Grand Valley Dr. Palombi served as the Director and Training Director and developed an APA training program. She relocated to Ft Sill, Oklahoma working for MEDCOM and treating soldiers with a history of experiencing emotional trauma while serving in the military. Currently, Dr. Palombi is the senior mental health subject matter expert for the Integrated Disability Evaluation Services (IDES) to determine mental fitness of soldiers referred to the Medical Evaluation Board (MEB). She served as a member of the APA Board for the Advancement of Psychology in the Public Interest and the Committee on Disability in Psychology – CDIP. For the American Board of Professional Psychology – Counseling Psychologist she has been a board member, coordinator of practice samples, examiner, reader of practice samples and mentor to candidates applying for board certification. Her research and publications interest focus on Wellness – Psychometric Properties, Disability (Social Justice, Feminism and Able Bodied Privilege, College Admissions, Multicultural Competencies & International Students with disabilities) and Alcohol treatment.


text:
Q: Resample 2D Array from 2x2 to 4x4 I want to re-sample a 2D array from 2x2 data to 4x4 newdata
Original Source 2D Array data:

What I am looking for in newdata

So far I have tried it as below;
public class Test {
    static int[][] data = new int[2][2];
    static int[][] newdata = new int[4][4];

public static void main(String[] args) {

    data[0][0] = 00;
    data[0][1] = 01;
    data[1][0] = 10;
    data[1][1] = 11;

for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {

        for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {

// I NEED LOGIC HERE TO FILL newdata 2D ARRAY as a re-sampled output

        }
    }

}

}

Implementation can be in any language e.g. c++, php, c#, java etc.
Any help is appreciated, Thanks in Advance.

A: Change your loops to :
        for (int k = 0; k < 4; k++)
        {
            for (int l = 0; l < 4; l++)
            {
                newdata[k][l] = data[k/2][l/2];
            }
        }

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


It's clear that you can be prosecuted for the things you do, but can you be prosecuted for something you fail to do as well? Suppose you're a witness to a crime and you don't report it to the police. Will fear or reluctance of getting involved result in criminal charges?
In most states, mere failure to report a crime isn't a crime in itself. However, there are some exceptions. Below, you'll find a number of instances in which failing to report a crime could expose you to criminal liability.
In most states failure to report isn't illegal, but a small minority of states have enacted laws punishing individuals who fail to report certain types of crimes to the authorities. Under Texas law, for example, you can be charged with a Class A misdemeanor for failing to report an offense that resulted in serious bodily injury or death. In Ohio, on the other hand, it's illegal to knowingly fail to report a felony.
Take a look at your state's penal code or consult with an attorney to determine whether your state has a failure to report law.
While merely failing to report a crime is one thing, helping to conceal a crime is another. A person can generally be charged with accessory after the fact, or aiding and abetting, if he or she wasn't actually present during the commission of a crime, but took actions to conceal the crime or help the perpetrators avoid capture.
For example, hiding a weapon that was used in a robbery will probably make you an accessory after the fact under the laws of most states, even if you took no part in the actual robbery. These incidents of failure to report a crime can have serious consequences. Depending on the severity of the underlying crime, aiding and abetting can be either a misdemeanor or a felony in most states.
Many states have mandatory reporting laws requiring certain types of people to report crimes against children. These "mandatory reporters" generally include parents, teachers, school administrators, clergy, medical professionals, therapists, social workers, and others. In some states, however, anyone who believes child abuse is taking place must report it.
Once a mandatory reporter witnesses an act of abuse or finds evidence of child abuse, he or she has a duty to report the incident to the appropriate authorities. That usually includes sharing important details about the incident, like the names of the victim and perpetrator. Failure to report an incidence of child abuse is a misdemeanor offense in most states.
There are several instances where remaining silent and failing to report a crime to authorities can have negative consequences for you. From mandatory reporting laws to becoming an accessory after the fact, crime in any form simply doesn't pay. But if you've been accused of failing to report a criminal offense, you may have options. Speak with a criminal defense attorney in your area today to discuss the specific facts of your case and receive personalized legal advice on how to proceed.


Facebook Inc (NASDAQ:FB)'s Messenger is no longer your typical messaging app as a string of new updates at this year's F8 conference will see the app being transformed into a platform with added capabilities. The next step is to monetize the app as the company moves to generate revenue from the platform. Speaking on Fox Business, The Social Internet Fund Manager, Lou Kerner, said Facebook has lost its 'cool' factor with the youth thus the ongoing push to do away with the 'Facebook' name in some of its products.
Facebook Inc (NASDAQ:FB) has in the recent past experienced a slow growth in its user base attributed to the millennia's shunning the service, saying it has become boring. The company has however started to address the concerns with more focus on Instagram, WhatsApp and Messenger all of which Millennia's love.
"[..] The Kids aren't spending a lot of time in it anymore but where are they spending time? The fastest growing social media property today is Instagram, which happens to be owned by Facebook, WhatsApp also owned by Facebook the world most popular messaging app. Now they are trying to use Messenger without the Facebook Inc (NASDAQ:FB) name and bring that up to possibly compete against their own other apps," Said Mr. Kerner.
Users on Messenger will now be able to share photos and videos as Facebook Inc (NASDAQ:FB) looks to compete against well-established brands in the space like WeChat. The app is also to become an e-commerce platform allowing users to send and receive money securely; Facebook having hired one of the top security brains behind the success of PayPal.
Users of Messenger will also be able to chat with businesses while making purchases and be able to make payments, made possible by the ability to send and receive money.
"Security you don't really need to worry about too much, it is more about which third-party services are going to integrate with this and how. It is a niche idea actually ambitious. Every business small and big has a Facebook page, and now Facebook Inc (NASDAQ:FB) wants to move the conversations and the interactions that you are having with those businesses which are happening again in all sort of other apps. Hey come to Messenger, you can complain about customer service on messenger rather than Twitter," said Pete Pachal, Mashable Technology Editor.


Bakersfield, California is often called the Southern Gateway to California's Central Valley. Built up in previous decades by the gold rush, oil and agriculture, it continues to be one of the fastest growing cities in the nation. Home to the "Bakersfield sound," the city attracts country music fans, as well as those looking to enjoy the top-rated whitewater rafting, fly-fishing and hiking of the nearby Southern Sierra Nevada Mountains.


text:
Video Game Industry Careers: An Inside Look at Gaming Jobs & How You Can Land One
Video Game Industry Careers: An Inside Look at Gaming Jobs & How You Can Land One was originally published on Springboard.
In the last year and a half of the pandemic, video games have come to serve as a release valve for the cooped-up populace, enabling players to vicariously experience things they no longer could in the real world. "I thought a lot about how Animal Crossing: New Horizons might actually be improving the world," Mike Odom, a longtime game developer and a mentor at Springboard, said of the Nintendo Switch game that became a cultural phenomenon as much of the world went under lockdown due to COVID-19 restrictions. The game sold over 31 million units, making it the second best-selling title on the Nintendo Switch.
For most people, life simulation games like the iconic EA franchise The Sims were the only way to experience cherished traditions such as Christmas, Halloween, and Thanksgiving—not to mention banalities like interacting with other humans and general gallivanting without fear of contracting a deadly virus. Before Nintendo cracked down on advocacy groups and political candidates using Animal Crossing for political activities, the Biden campaign live-streamed events and fundraisers in the game in lieu of in-person rallies.
In 2020, there were 2.7 billion gamers across the globe. Before the pandemic, the gaming industry had already surpassed the value of the music and movie industries combined. To put a number to that, the video game market is on track to reach $200 billion by 2023, up from $75 billion in 2013, when the Playstation 4 and Xbox One consoles launched, marking a 167% increase.
Thanks to this meteoric growth, the gaming industry is becoming increasingly complex. In the era of CD-ROMs and game cartridges, developers were concerned with shipping a fully formed game and selling as many copies as possible. Now, with the prevalence of new business models like free-to-play, freemium, and pay-to-play, gaming companies strive to keep players engaged (and spending money) long-term with DLC (downloadable content), in-game purchases, free updates, in-game events, developer live streams, and more.
To accomplish this, they're using complex gaming analytics and telemetry data on user behavior to mold games around the player and adjust advertising, in-game promotions, and even game difficulty based on real-time business intelligence.
"Before I started working with gaming data, I had my doubts in terms of how serious it might be," said Edoe Balint, an analytics consultant at Redemption Games and former Springboard mentor. "But I find analyzing datasets from video games to be the most comprehensive datasets I've worked with so far."
Consequently, games have become living, breathing worlds that are constantly evolving, thereby generating demand for professionals in UX design, data science, machine learning, and software engineering to create new games and maintain existing ones.
Software Engineering in the Video Game Industry
Game developers are responsible for designing, programming, and testing games. They create the visual content of the game and write the code that supplies the logic necessary to implement its features. But game development isn't as cut-and-dried as traditional software development, where the objective is to create solutions that enable users to achieve their objectives, even if they're not "fun."
While developers were once charged with concept and story development, roles in the gaming industry have grown more specialized, with designers, animators, artists, and creative directors overseeing the technical and creative process—thereby bifurcating the roles of game developer (the person who writes the code) and game designer (the person responsible for story development and character creation). In some companies, one engineering team will be in charge of making new games, while another team maintains existing games—QA testing, debugging, and resolving tickets.
What do software engineers in gaming do?
The main responsibility of a game developer is to create a base engine such as an in-editor tool (a low-code or no-code interface) that can be used by designers to create the world. Developers also build tools and programs that can be used to fix bugs and troubleshoot design issues. In this sense, the game developer's role is analogous to the way data engineers build ETL pipelines that allow data scientists to store and extract data in order to derive meaning from it.
While video games have grown more complex as computing power gets cheaper and more accessible, the advent of game engines has made it easier than ever to create a video game, even for less advanced programmers. A game engine lays the software framework to create and build video games, providing features from animation to AI. While some gaming companies build their own game engines in-house, they can be reused for different games, and engine development is but a small part of the overall budget. Custom game engines are useful for rendering unusual gaming situations, such as the ability to destroy entire buildings or program rockets to explode, and make debugging easier since developers can access the source code.
However, general-purpose game engines like Unity and Unreal are available for free, with game-ready templates that make it easy for anyone to build their first microgame.
"Game engines make it so that you don't have to be a hardcore physics major to know how to program a game," said Odom. "You don't have to really figure out how to render a polygon; you just have to know some basic programming, how to animate it, and how to work with the software."
Before game engines existed, game development involved intricate mathematical calculations. Developers used to build their own physics and graphics engines to establish things the rules of gravity in a game, ranging from realistic simulation physics that enables footballs, grenades, missiles, and other projectiles to behave in predictable ways to the gravity-bending physics common in platform games that allows characters to double-jump in mid-air.
Now, many of the low-level physics problems in games can be abstracted using the graphics, lighting, and physics engines provided by game engines. Developers can integrate more advanced 2D and 3D assets using animation software like Maya, Blender, and RealFlow without the help of an artist.
Odom says this has rendered the mythical "super engineer" obsolete.
"You still want to have a super engineer around, but you can have plenty of people in specialized roles to delegate tasks to," he explained. "There's more opportunity for entry-level people to get into video games, I think."
How can you land a job as a coder in games?
Indie game studios tend to outsource smaller tasks like UI design, which creates opportunities for freelancers or entry-level game developers who want to sharpen their skills and build a portfolio.
"Sometimes I'll contract out tasks on UpWork or Fiverr for something that's not quite in my wheelhouse," said Odom, a former EA staffer who runs his own mobile gaming company called D11 Games.
That said, aspiring game developers must master at least one programming specialty. For example, if you're interested in working game mechanics, you need to know animation and physics. For multiplayer support, you need to master web services and networking. Creating mods for existing games, participating in game jams, or building microgames is the best way for software engineers to break into game development.
Most programming languages have game development libraries that enable you to build basic games, but most game developers now use object-oriented programming languages, especially C++ and C#.
Odom described working at EA in the early 2000s as being like a bit of a "clubhouse" or working on a trading floor, with a fast-paced, noisy office environment due to the highly collaborative nature of the work.
"We're using Scrum, we're doing sprints, we're passing tickets back and forth. So I'll get a ticket, work on it, and when it's ready I'll mark the ticket as ready for quality assurance (QA)," said Odom. "Sometimes I would just yell across the room at the QA guy, like, 'Hey Omar, check this thing out. Can you see if I broke it or not?' Then he'd check it out and yell back at me, 'No, it's still broken,' so I'd go and fix it."
This laid-back atmosphere is what drew Odom to the gaming industry in the first place. "I loved that high energy, and that's part of why I was drawn to the gaming industry. It wasn't stuffy or suit-y."
Despite a lax dress code and the privilege of playing games at work, the gaming industry's notoriously long hours are no joke. A recent GSC State of the Industry survey found that just over half of game developers reported working 40 hours or less per week, with the remaining 44% putting in an average of 41-60+ hours a week. Thirty percent of respondents reported working more than 60 hours over at least one week, and 17% reported working more than 70 hours.
Data Analytics in the Video Game Industry
The gaming industry has become so reliant on big data that data scientists now play a key role not only in optimizing games after they're shipped but determining how games are conceptualized and developed in the first place. Balint says the datasets he's worked in the gaming industry are far more comprehensive than those generated by SaaS companies.
"Our average user sends a thousand events a day to our database, as opposed to Netflix, where the top user sends around 150 events," said Balint. "So just with one million users, we collect, on average, 1 billion rows of data per day, so we deal with massive, complex data sets to understand what users are trying to achieve."
What do data analysts in gaming do?
Companies analyze moment-to-moment gameplay, such as the way a user moves through the game world, to assess whether the game is sufficiently challenging yet easy to understand based on the player's gameplay references, gaming style, and skill level.
"We even capture data on which keys are pressed at specific intervals of time and using that, gaming companies can make decisions to optimize their strategy," said Zuraiz Uddin, a former engineer at GorillaBox and a mentor at Springboard.
A single telemetry data point can tell a vast story that determines whether a new game will be a success or a flop. For example, if the data shows that the majority of users are pressing numerous buttons repeatedly at a specific juncture of the game, it could indicate that players are unsure of what to do, thereby raising the risk of churn. Or, if most users tend to exit the game instead of watching a rewarded video ad to gain a power-up, perhaps the reward isn't sufficiently enticing, or the ad was shown too soon.
Gaming analytics is the process of applying user behavior data to guide marketing, product, and business decisions. The point of all this number-crunching—especially when it comes to free-to-play mobile games—is to make the game "stickier"—for the purposes of retaining players, encouraging them to spend more money on DLC and in-app purchases, and watch in-game advertisements. Data insights can reveal if a game is too dull or too challenging.
Game developer King Digital Entertainment ran into a problem with Candy Crush Saga. Players were abandoning the game en masse at level 65 for reasons unknown. The game had 725 levels, so this was a problem. Data analysts found that a particular gaming element didn't let users advance past level 65. Once this obstruction was removed, user retention recovered.
User's playing time, interaction time, quitting point, peaks of activity, and so on present vast material for analytics. Game developers need to track KPIs such as:
What is the number of daily active users (DAU) in a game?
How many active players are there in a month (MAU)?
What is the average revenue per user (ARPU)?
Who were the new users last month? How often did they return?
At what game level do players get stuck? Does this cause a drop-off in-game usage?
What in-app or in-game purchases were made? What kind of events triggered a purchase?
Odom, who was the lead engineer for two Facebook games, Superhero City and Age of Champions, says the advent of mobile games has turned game development into something like "running a casino," where the primary focus is on creating and iterating an addictive product that keeps advertisers happy and players spending money.
Games like Candy Crush operate on an unexpected reward schedule that keeps people coming back for their next dopamine hit. This strategy is known as a variable ratio of schedule reinforcement—the first few levels are easy to win and provide a dopamine high, but the game gets progressively harder, leading to an unpredictable reward schedule. Coin Master, the top-grossing mobile game in the UK and Germany, is a slot machine game that uses gambling mechanics. Players spin a wheel to earn coins or gold sacks which they can then use to build their own virtual village. The lure of these games comes from convincing players that they can win with the right strategy, when in fact the outcome of the game is determined entirely by luck.
"A proper game designer trying to make something fun wouldn't have made this," said Odom. "This came from someone iterating over time by pulling elements from different games that they know are profitable and that would get the best numbers."
How can you land a job as a data analyst in games?
Developers monetize video games using three different monetization models: pay-to-play (a one-time payment), free-to-play, and freemium (tiered levels of access starting at $0). Data analysts ensure the game is profitable by enabling companies to identify their most valuable players and understand how they respond to offers, ads, and in-game mechanics. Data analysts may also monitor players' social network activity, general playing habits, and customer feedback to study their preferences and behavior.
When it comes to in-app advertising, there are several models to choose from, such as rewarded videos, banner ads, interstitials, and offer wall ads. The data analyst's role is to maximize both monetization and player engagement by showing the right ads at the right time while ensuring the player is enjoying the game.
"Sometimes you want to make a game free so that you can reach a lot of people, but you don't want to monetize it in such a way that every five seconds there's an advertisement," said Volkan Kantar, a UX designer at Microsoft Casual Games and a graduate of Springboard's UX Career Track. "So the best-case scenario is to make the gameplay as fun and extended as possible before offering the first 30-second commercial."
Gaming analytics shows what features players like and are most willing to pay for. For example, if many players in an MMORPG (Massive Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Game) lean toward customizing their armor or weapon, it's reasonable to offer in-game armor and weapon enhancement. Big data is used to predict behavior and optimize games so players will remain engaged. For example, you might identify players at the highest risk of churn and create a personalized offer.
Game developer Zynga found that in the first version of Farmville, users liked interacting with animals that were initially just decorations. Some users even started purchasing animals with real money, so in the following version of the game, Zynga made animals a central feature, thereby driving up the number of paid subscribers.
New game features are A/B tested for stickiness, where half the sample trials a new feature while the other half plays the old version of the game to see which variant makes more money. Only 5% of players actually spend money on mobile games, so the vast majority are monetized through ads, but this process is far from randomized.
"When we get the sense that the user is not going to monetize through in-app purchase, we show them rewarded videos," said Balint. "So let's say you're playing a match-three game and you're out of moves and you don't have any lives anymore, you can watch a short video in exchange for extra lives and continue playing."
In addition to shaping game development, data analysts also help game publishers optimize their advertising spend. About 80% of the total marketing budget for a game is spent on paid media, such as social media advertising, streaming advertising, and influencer marketing.
"You can develop the best game in the world and no one will play it without advertising," said Balint.
Major franchises with an established fanbase like Call of Duty, Final Fantasy, and Grand Theft Auto practically market themselves. But for indie games, studios spend $50,000 on average for marketing and advertising, with robust data analytics to measure, evaluate, and optimize the performance of different ad platforms. Paid media usually comprises 80% of the total marketing budget because the outcome is guaranteed, especially if the company is paying for impressions.
Balint works on a number of forecasting and prediction models for ad spend at Redemption Games. One of these models is known as ROAS, short for "Return on Ad Spend," which enables companies to measure how quickly they can recoup their investment. An important metric in determining ROAS is IPM, which stands for Installs Per Mille, where 'Mille' refers to 1,000 ad impressions. The purpose of IPM is to determine how many people install the app per one thousand impressions.
"Let's say I'm using two creatives at the same time, and one of them has an IPM of five, while the other has an IPM of one; I would take down the second creative and go with the first one," Balint offers by way of example. "Then I would test it out on different platforms such as Google and Facebook to see how they perform."
Machine Learning in the Video Game Industry
The use of machine learning in gaming results in dynamic games that can respond to a player's actions, changing how the world, non-player characters (NPCs), and objects react in real-time. The main use of AI in gaming is programming NPCs to react to players' actions, such as avatars in racing games, adversaries in first-person shooters, and general inhabitants of open-world games. Some gaming companies are even developing AI algorithms that can alter the strategy or tactics based on the player's skill level.
The NPCs in Red Dead Redemption 2 by Rockstar Games hint at what's possible when deep learning is used to enable in-game characters to respond to player actions while assisting in a shootout or tagging along on a horse. In one scene, an NPC tries to dispose of a dead body in a swamp and accidentally drops it on the ground. The NPC realizes its mistake, turns around, and tries again.
What does a machine learning engineer in games do?
Machine learning engineers in the games industry look after a number of key roles and responsibilities, including:
Algorithms playing as NPCs
Modeling complex systems where the game can predict and alter downstream effects
Making games more beautiful—textures and objects will render dynamically as you get closer
Universe creation on the fly in open-world games
Reinforcement learning is a type of machine learning where a model learns a certain behavior based on feedback from the environment. For example, advances in natural language understanding enable NPCs to engage in dialogue with players and forge an emotional connection.
The idea is to create game characters that can be a player's "in-game component or collaboration partner."
The experimental text adventure AI Dungeon, inspired by Dungeons and Dragons, uses OpenAI's GPT-3 natural language processing model to create new narrative experiences. When players type out an action or dialogue they want their character to perform, the algorithm crafts the next phase of their personalized adventure.
Image recognition technologies are predicted to revolutionize the gaming industry. Developers use object detection models to create a natural change of scene and movement in the game. Before Your Eyes, an immersive storytelling experience developed by indie studio GoodbyeWorld Games, has players control the game by blinking. A webcam is required to play the game, which registers the player's retinal eye movements. Each time the player blinks, the scene morphs, and time advances—a metaphor for the impermanence of life itself.
When it comes to VR-supported games, object identification algorithms are used to identify body movements to transmit and reflect these actions on the screen.
How can you land a job as a machine learning engineer in games?
Machine learning is also a potent tool for enhancing a game's realism. FIFA 22, due for release in October by EA Games, uses HyperMotion, a machine learning technology that enabled the motion capture of 22 professional footballers playing at high intensity. The machine algorithm learned from more than 8.7 million frames of advanced match capture, then wrote new animations in real-time to create organic football movement across a variety of interactions on the pitch while adding another level of humanization to FIFA 22's players.
"This is an example of image-to-image translation," said Uddin, referring to a subset of computer vision that involves taking images from one domain and transforming them so they have the style or characteristics of images from another domain. "Human pose estimation is another important skill to have. This is what allows you to mimic real human behavior in games using video footage of a live event."
UX Design in the Video Game Industry
UX designers ensure players' needs are represented in game design. Seemingly small choices made by game developers impact how the game manifests for players. For example, determining when and how to display hints in a point-and-click game, or choosing a UI grid layout over a list, or how to structure a tutorial.
Consequently, every game dev team can benefit from being shown the actuality of their choices on how players truly perceive the game. UX provides constant guidance, going back-and-forth between aiding the design and testing it on real players.
"The UI of a game can sometimes make or break the player's experience or enjoyment of the game," said Sharon Yi, a UI design at Gamevil and a graduate of Springboard's UX Design Career Track. "Because we're constantly working towards immersing the player into the universe of our game, the UI should work in balance to support the narrative of the game while making sure to provide usability and accessibility."
What does a UX designer in games do?
The most common roles for UX designers in the gaming industry are:
Working on a game dev team
Supporting the game dev team
Working in esports
The problem of not knowing if players are experiencing the game as intended can result in unnecessary confusion during the already challenging process of development. For example, do players understand the rules? Is the friction in the game where we intend it to be?
"Some days on the job are spent on research: playing relevant games, looking at the UI of other games, and reviewing trends and styles," said Yi. "I spend most of my time in Photoshop mocking up designs for a specific section of the game, for example, the 'skills upgrade page'. Once my drafts are done, I present and review the designs with our team director and the game development lead and make revisions where needed."
Yi says the design iterations continue through multiple cycles and even post-launch as games are continuously updated.
Also, a significant chunk of the gaming experience happens outside of gameplay. Game developer Riot Games calls this the "around-game experience." This includes things like onboarding, progression, identity customization, friends lists, and even monetization.
"I became a UX/UI designer so that I can become a better game designer," said Kantar, who started his career in game development. "You need to be more than just a gamer to make good games. You need to understand how interactions need to happen and combine all of this to make an experience that is easy and functional."
Game designers and testers have historically done the work of UX designers—understanding player behaviors, test games on real players, and iterate based on feedback—but gaming companies are recognizing the importance of UX as a specialized role.
What is the role of UX design in gaming?
In video games, UX design can help on a number of key things, including:
Making sense of a game: Onboarding, tutorials, hints
Reducing cognitive friction: The art of creating challenges for players while removing the underlying complexity
Usability, accessibility, and ergonomics: Games can present unique accessibility challenges because they engage players both mentally and physically.
Keeping players engaged: Progress bars, badges, and other gamification elements keep players coming back for more
Lots of games lose revenue because of a poor user interface. If a player has trouble onboarding, accessing in-game objectives, or using the controls, they'll jump ship.
"We have to think about how we can make interactions keyboard-ready. How can we [create interactions] using verbal cues? A lot of things need to be considered and UX/UI really lands in the middle of it," said Kantar.
How can you land a job as a UX designer in games?
Inclusive games are designed to be accessible to everyone through mechanics, messaging, and user experience. This means having a diverse cast of characters, game controls that can be used by the able-bodied as well the disabled, exhibiting cultural sensitivity, and so on. Inclusive gaming also means reforming the gender makeup of the industry itself. 46% of gamers are women, yet they comprise just 22% of the industry's workforce.
"Inclusive game design is about having characters that accurately represent everyone so that they can feel included by seeing characters that look/behave/sound like them," said Kristen Hickman, an inclusive game designer at EA and a graduate of Springboard's UX Career Track. "The Sims has been fantastic for being inclusive. There are so many customization options that almost everyone can see themselves the way they want to. And they are still adding more options."
The Sims 4 has always prided itself on being inclusive and diverse. However, the task of enabling all players to accurately create their own lookalike avatars isn't easy. EA has released many updates over the years for new skin tones and makeup options. However, players complained that the darker skin tones were "blotchy" and "ashy." Players applauded the game's gender customization feature, released in 2016, which allows players to adjust sex-specific features and removing masculine and feminine tags from clothing options.
Games that enable players to build their own content like Minecraft and Roblox empower players to express themselves through their creations. Also, games that promote collaborative play. Online games like Fortnite are all about social interaction. Finally, providing a friendly learning curve through principles of progressive disclosure is key—hence why UX designers are important.
Yi advises those who aspire to work in the gaming industry to familiarize themselves with a range of game genres.
"Because we're constantly communicating with other teams, being able to reference games quickly to help convey your thoughts can make you a valuable asset to the team," she said. "It's important to be flexible in game design as new features are constantly added as the game progresses."
Browse the Springboard Career Tracks to find the perfect fit for you.
Not ready to enroll just yet? Read more about the factors you should consider while picking a program in our bootcamp criteria guide.
The post Video Game Industry Careers: An Inside Look at Gaming Jobs & How You Can Land One appeared first on Springboard Blog.
By Kindra Cooper - Springboard
Bridging the world's skills gap through affordable, high-quality, online education.
Share on TwitterShare on LinkedinShare on Facebook


The Asian Jade Society Society will be giving out 1 ($500) scholarship for uniformed members enrolled in any undergraduate or graduate studies.
Police Officer Kevin Lee died Friday night, January 27, 2006 in the line of duty, following a struggle with a robbery suspect on Manhattan's Upper East Side. Police Officer Kevin Lee, 31, collapsed at East 86th Street and Lexington Avenue as he and his partners were trying to arrest three men who had allegedly stole a laptop computer from an Upper East Side store, was rushed to Lenox Hospital, where doctors worked for more than an hour to save his life. He died at about 7:30 p.m.


For more information on this Pokémon's species, see Dhelmise.
Dhelmise (Japanese: ダダリン Dadarin) is a Psychic-type Basic Pokémon card. It was first released as part of the Guardians Rising expansion.
Your Pokémon's attacks do 10 more damage to your opponent's Active Pokémon (before applying Weakness and Resistance).
Swinging its massive anchor, it can KO Wailord in a single blow. What appears to be green seaweed is actually its body.
This card was included in the Guardians Rising expansion with artwork by Hasuno, first released in the Japanese Alolan Moonlight expansion. In Japan, it was reprinted as one of the SM-P Promotional cards with new artwork by Kouki Saitou, given to customers who purchased a booster box of Alolan Moonlight upon its release at participating stores. The expansion logo is featured in the bottom right corner of the artwork. The Alolan Moonlight print was reprinted as a Mirror Holofoil in the Japanese GX Battle Boost subset. The SM-P print was later released in English as one of the SM Black Star Promos included in the Crimson Invasion Single Pack Blisters released November 3, 2017.
Steelworker is an Ability in the Pokémon games that Dhelmise can have. Anchor Shot is a move in the Pokémon games that Dhelmise can learn. This card's Pokédex entry comes from Pokémon Sun.
This page was last edited on 14 March 2019, at 11:22.


The CPA examination is a tough nut to crack. Each of the four parts is equally difficult and needs dollops of hard work and commitment from the candidate. Alone, the preparation journey could be strenuous but with a partner like Wiley Online Training, you can make it fruitful and successful.
Time Management: The syllabus for the exam is vast but the time is limited. Some students struggle with fitting the syllabus into their daily schedules and are not able to optimize the available time. This stands true especially for working professionals who have to strike a balance between work and studies.
Weak Areas: The four sections of the exam, namely Auditing and Attestation (AUD), Financial Accounting and Reporting (FAR), Regulation, and Business Environment Concepts (BEC), contain various sub-topics. One cannot be proficient in each one of them and may find some of them to be uninteresting or difficult to tackle. For example – You may find it easier to learn the conceptual parts of BEC, like Economic Concepts and Corporate Governance, but struggle with Financial Modeling and Management, and Operations Management which employ calculations and reasoning.
Lack of Surety: Despite having adequate knowledge and studying for long hours, you may find yourself uncertain about the exam. This happens to the best of people and reflects the complicated nature of the exam. A look at the pass rates is enough to confirm this fact. The pass percentage ranges between 46-59% for individual sections (as per AICPA).
Difficulty in Retention: Students find it difficult to memorize the humongous amount of information in the syllabus. While all four sections have a seemingly unlimited amount of data, FAR is considered the most extensive. It requires a strong knowledge of the US GAAP and entails knowing the entire structure and functioning of the financial system. This translates to tons of facts and figures which may be difficult to remember.
Limited Time Period of Online Courses: Most courses that are available online, expire once you have appeared for a CPA exam. This means the added pressure of clearing it or having to pay a hefty course fee again.
All these challenges can easily be tackled if you have a mentor to help you navigate through the preparation period. At Wiley Online Training, we have identified these grey areas and crafted a superb course that offers an impeccable solution to all the above problems.
Study Planner: Making a timetable and sticking to it is the best way to optimize time utilization. Divide the syllabus into parts and decide the number of hours to be devoted to each topic as well as hours of study to be put in each day. Make a realistic plan as per your capabilities. If you are a Wiley student, you will receive a personalized exam planner that charts out your preparation course and takes care of this issue.
There is also a mobile app which keeps track of your progress and allows you to access the content from anywhere, in both online and offline modes. This way, you can carry on with your studies wherever you go!
Emphasis on Conceptual Clarity: Your weak areas can easily be targeted if you have a clear understanding of the topics. The Wiley Online Training CPA course solves this problem by offering interactive online sessions with accredited university professors to clear your doubts. The video lessons are drafted in a unique bite-sized format that is easy to comprehend and offers a better understanding.
Prominence to Practice: The sure-shot way to remember all the information is to practice religiously. Taking mock tests that simulate the actual exam, solving practice questions, adoption mnemonics and tricks are some of the ways to aid retention. Wiley CPA addresses this matter by providing students with more than 6000 CPA exam questions, quiz sessions, over 300 task-based simulations, and 4000+ digital flashcards that contain tricks and shortcuts. There is no way you can forget anything with all these handy tools at your disposal. In addition, the online test bank replicates the Prometric Testing experience of the CPA exam to familiarize and make you comfortable with the manner in which the exam is conducted.
Subscribe to an Online Course that Lasts until you Pass: This is a benefit you can only avail with the Wiley Online Learning Centre. We stand by our students until they succeed in passing the exam. You are free to access all the information, lectures, study material etc available online up to one year after you pass the exam. All updates and software upgrades will be done for free! That is the kind of commitment we offer to our students.
Considering that Wiley has a pass rate of 9 out of every 10 students, we can almost guarantee that you will emerge triumphant in the exam and not need us the next year!
You may choose to study on your own but given the complex nature of the exam, it is best to partner with an online course that is affordable and enhances your preparation. The Wiley Platinum CPA Review Course is one such program that is designed to ensure victory in the examination and has proved this fact with its commendable success rate.


text:
Carriera
Partecipò con la maglia della Nazionale inglese al Campionato mondiale di calcio 1958.

Statistiche

Cronologia presenze e reti in nazionale

Palmarès

Club

Competizioni nazionali

Wolverhampton: 1953-1954, 1957-1958, 1958-1959

 Wolverhampton: 1959-1960

Wolverhampton: 1954, 1959, 1960

Individuale
Giocatore dell'anno della FWA: 1
1960

Collegamenti esterni

Calciatori inglesi
Calciatori della Nazionale inglese

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
<Kids' Almanac (Feb. 26-Mar. 5)
Explanation for this weird winter: You won't like it>
In Memoriam: Marie Post
by Sharyn Flanagan/ February 26, 2015 /Comments closed
Longtime Saugertiesian Marie Post died Friday, Feb. 20 at Kingston City Hospital. Still active in the community at age 90 — and still managing the town transfer station and the animal shelter she helped to establish — Post is being remembered today by those who knew her best as someone who loved her community, loved to help people and animals, and "just never stopped," as her daughter, Jean Marie Fellows, puts it.
Post was of that generation that retained modesty about their accomplishments; when I spoke with her in 2012 to write a profile about her for this newspaper, she downplayed her role in making Saugerties a better place to live. "When I came here as a young girl," she told me, "Saugerties was very good to me. I was a stranger, and they were very kind." From that point on, it seems, Marie was intent on returning the favor.
Compassion was the quality she told me she most enjoyed finding in other people, and her achievements speak to that in the way she lived her own life. Best known, perhaps, for her work with animals, Post also devoted a great deal of her time to projects that benefitted senior citizens and the underprivileged, and she served for 11 years on the Saugerties Town Board. Her efforts over a lifetime led to the Saugerties Area Chamber of Commerce honoring her with their Lifetime Achievement Award in 2014, and the same year she was named Ulster County Senior Citizen of the Year.
"You get a good feeling helping people," she said in our 2012 interview. "We're public servants; it's really to help people, and that's what we're here for. And if we can't help people, we can refer them to someone, so that they can get help of some kind. We do what we can."
The daughter of the late William and Ada Gowing Stage was born May 24, 1924 in Mountain View, New Jersey. Her family moved to Jersey City shortly afterward. Marie's first experience with Saugerties was attending summer camp here as an 11-year-old. Over the course of the summers that followed, she returned as a camper and met her future husband, Claude Post, a teenager at the time working at the camp. They married 73 years ago on the fourth of July, and raised five children in Saugerties.
"We're a very close family, and we had a wonderful, simple childhood filled with loads of memories," says Fellows. "Every Sunday after church, my father and mother would put all five of us children in the back of the car to take us for a ride, and we would sing the entire time. We're so grateful to have had the childhood that we had."
Claude, a mechanic, operated his own garage while Marie stayed at home with the children until the youngest was old enough to go to school fulltime.
"She was an amazing mom, and she was a perfect role model," says Fellows. "She was kind-hearted — always helping the animals, of course — and always eager to learn. She even went back to Ulster County Community College as an adult and took evening courses; she received straight As and was on the Dean's List. And in recent months, even though her body was slowing down, her mind never missed a beat."
Marie's path to running the animal shelter in Saugerties began when she went to work at the Saugerties Animal Hospital as a receptionist and veterinary assistant before moving on to South Peak Veterinary Hospital in Saugerties, where she worked at the front desk for 19 years. When she was elected in 1992 to the Town Board — a position she would hold until 2003 — the town supervisor at the time suggested that with her background in veterinary work and having served on the board for the Ulster County SPCA, she should become the Town Board's liaison to the animal shelter.
Marie went on to manage the town transfer station as well as serving in the role of animal control officer, on call 24/7 to take those calls about stray dogs in the middle of the night; responsibilities she was still carrying out at the time of her passing. She maintained a food pantry for pets at the shelter so that animal lovers in financial straits never had to choose between feeding themselves or feeding their pets, and she kept up the Animal Emergency Fund she established in 1999 to subsidize spaying and neutering costs and to provide for medical treatment of sick and injured animals in cases where the owners were financially unable to cover the costs. Marie also organized twice-yearly tag sales to benefit the shelter.
"I'm very proud of both the shelter and the transfer station, and of the people that work there," she said in our interview two years ago. "They deserve the credit. I don't like to say 'I,' I like the word 'we.'"
Post's absence will be felt among town officials
"If you tried to list everything she did for this town, it would take a full page in the paper, maybe even more than one page," said Saugerties Councilman Jimmy Bruno.
"She was an asset to this town in so many ways," said Supervisor Greg Helsmoortel. "She hadn't been feeling well for several months, but she worked right up to the very end. As well as losing a friend, the town will lose a lot because she is gone."
Bruno, the Town Board liaison to the animal shelter and the transfer station, said his relationship with Marie Post goes back to his teen years. "I was in school with her son, Ken. She always had Saugerties in her heart. She loved animals, and she would sometimes put her own money into pet food and supplies."
Marie "was someone you could always count on," Bruno said, noting that she worked many more hours than the job description calls for.
"She did a great job at the shelter and at the transfer station; she will be missed," said former Councilman Bruce Leighton.
Councilwoman Leanne Thornton recalls running against Post for the Town Board. She didn't think she was likely to win. She recalls speaking to Marie early in the election cycle, and being advised to "maintain your sense of humor and don't take things personally."
When the election was over, Post offered to give her help and advice any time she needed it. "And she did give advice whenever I asked. She was very active in so many town affairs. She was the liaison from the historical society to the town, and it was a thrill to see her son and grandson nail the last boards into the historic barn. That was three generations of service to the town."
Marie was involved with people on a personal level as well, Thornton said. "If someone was sick, or needed help, she would pick up the phone and offer help." And when Post wasn't well herself, she continued working even so, using the telephone and computer to stay in contact.
Marie was a very nice person, said animal control officer Nancy Gage. "I've been there [at the animal shelter] for 30 years. She got the shelter fixed up, and she raised money for the shelter, through the yard sales, fundraising… she did just about everything to keep the shelter working. If you needed something for the animals, she would get it for you."
Longtime Saugerties Times contributor David Gordon found Post to be "gracious and helpful on occasions when I photographed animals for brief appeals and covered events at the landfill and shelter. On a more personal note, several residents of the community in which I live discovered a litter of three kittens in a storage shed on our common property. I volunteered to take them to the shelter, but Marie Post said the tiny animals, whose eyes had just barely opened, were too young to be taken in or given up for adoption. She gave me instructions for feeding them and a voucher for a local vet to provide formula, to be fed from a doll-size bottle. When the kittens were weaned and litter box-trained, we were able to give two away. The third went to a local veterinarian for shots, a health examination and possible adoption, all organized by Marie Post."
Marie was active in her church, as well, serving as choir director, organist, elder and member of the Cheerful Workers Ladies Society of the Blue Mountain Reformed Church. "She was part of the search committee that came up with me [in 2004]," says Reverend James Alley, pastor at the church. "She was kind of the matriarch of the church, you might say. While she was still driving, she helped me do some visitations to shut-ins, and for a long time, she did both the bulletin and the music, and she did that for other churches, as well. As Marie got older, she let go of that, but she did so reluctantly. She really enjoyed being a part of the action."
And Marie made sure that the new pastor got involved in the greater community. "She kind of shepherded me along," says Rev. Alley. "She always wanted the church to maintain a presence in Saugerties. Marie suggested that I join the Blue Kats, which I did, and she made sure I did all I could to get involved in the Saugerties Area Council of Churches (SACC). She had a lot of heart."
Marie joined the West Saugerties Rebekahs, a service organization, and helped manage the SACC's Ellen Russell Finger Emergency Fund, which helps community members bridge the gap when confronted with unexpected financial emergencies. In her time on the Town Board, she served as liaison to the Saugerties Police Department and was instrumental in the formation of the Canine Unit. Her term of service included the formation (with SACC) of a committee that secured temporary housing for the homeless or victims of domestic abuse.
Marie is survived by her husband, Claude, with whom she celebrated their 73rd wedding anniversary last July; daughters, Jean Marie and her husband, Bruce Fellows and Adele and her husband, Robert Zinderman; sons, C. Howard "Howie" and his wife, Gail Post and Kenneth W. and his wife, Denise Post; son-in-law, Jerry O'Connell; grandchildren, Griffin, David and Kenneth W. Post, Jr., Ashley Amici, Steven and Scott Fellows, Troy, Craig and Mark Zinderman, Damian Kane, Sara English, Kristin Houston and Daniel, Shannon, Owen and Joseph O'Connell; nine great-grandchildren; and several nieces and nephews. She was predeceased by her daughter, Dori O'Connell; son, David Post; sisters, Dolly Malone and Dora Garbee; and brother, Jack Gowing.
Her funeral was held previously with interment in Blue Mt. Cemetery. The family suggests memorial donations be made to the Animal Emergency Fund, 19 N. Main St., Pine Plains NY 12567. Expressions of condolence may be shared with Marie's family at www.SeamonWilseyFuneralHome.com.
David Gordon contributed to this piece.
Tagged: Obituary saugerties obituary saugerties times obituary st obituary
Doggie wisdom
Kingston man struck and killed while walking on side of road
Two arrested following Shandaken drug investigation
Josephine Tornello
George Delehanty
Patricia Ann (Gisin) King
Nancy Beesmer Sweeney


Tailgate cables on my 2000 Chevy S10 have rusted through and broken. I have purchased new cables, but the repair requires replacing the entire latch. Even the parts people at the dealership were disgusted by this. Although there is a recall on some of the full sized GM trucks, the manufacturer does not seem concerned about their smaller truck customers. From what I've seen on the internet, this does not seem like an isolated case.


text:
Journal of Advanced Research in Civil Engineering and Architecture
About JARCEA
Focus & Scopes
Becoming a Reviewer and Editorial board
Journal of Advanced Research in Civil Engineering and Architecture (JARCEA) is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal that provides rapid publication of articles in all areas of Civil Engineering and Architecture. JARCEA is an international, scholarly and peer-reviewed journal (online) published Quarterly by Diamond Scientific Publication, Lithuania.
The aim of the journal is to provide academicians, researchers and professionals a platform to share cutting-edge development in the field of Civil Engineering and Architecture.
Open access and Copyright
ResearchBib
Scientific Indexing Services
CiteFactor
WCOSJ
© 2017–2020 JARCEA. All rights reserved | eISSN 2538-8061
Published by the Mokslinės Leidybos Deimantas under the terms of the Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 license.
Contact | Journal Policies | Submission Guidelines | Privacy Policy


Will the rain ease New Jersey's dry spell?
Most of the state was abnormally dry on Tuesday, according to the U.S. Drought Monitor.
But the rain in the past two days may have reversed the trend, at least temporarily.
And we're expected to get more rain within the next few days, according to the National Weather Service.
This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged climate, drought, dry, dry spell, Environment, National Weather Service, NJenviro, rain, U.S. Drought Monitor, weather. Bookmark the permalink.
One Response to Will the rain ease New Jersey's dry spell?


Eintracht Frankfurt e.V. (German pronunciation: [ˈʔaɪ̯ntʁaxt ˈfʁaŋkfʊɐt]) is a German sports club based in Frankfurt, Hesse, that is best known for its association football club, currently playing in the Bundesliga, the top tier of the German football league system. The club was founded in 1899 and have won one German championship, four DFB-Pokals and one UEFA Cup. Since 1925, their stadium has been the Waldstadion, which since 1 July 2005, has been called Commerzbank-Arena for sponsorship reasons.
Description above from the Wikipedia article Eintracht Frankfurt, licenced under CC-BY-SA, full list of contributors on Wikipedia.


Our Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) Department started an effort three years ago to revise core courses in electrical circuits, electronics, and signals & systems. The revision effort sought to combine the three subjects into a tightly integrated three-course sequence. An objective was to include aspects of all three subjects in all three courses so that students would develop an understanding of relationships across the subjects. This revised approach introduced challenges to the assessment of learning outcomes. Traditional concept inventories are well established for individual topics such as electronics and signals and systems, but these single-subject inventories are not intended to assess relationships spanning multiple subjects. We endeavor in this paper to present our view of the interrelation among these core subjects and the resulting additions to concept inventories needed to assess understanding developed to bridge the topics.


It takes all of Petoskey to host this celebration of top singer/songwriters of Northern Michigan. The feature site is Red Sky Stage, hosting 3 performances, one in the afternoon from noon to 5 pm and 2 in the evening. Each show will feature a collection of the best singer/songwriters from this music crazy region. Free shows are also set for Beards Brewery and City Park Grill noon to 5pm.
It will take all of Downtown Petoskey to host this celebration of the outstanding singer/songwriters of Northern Michigan.
The feature location of the event will be Red Sky Stage. We will present three performances, one in the afternoon from noon to 5 pm and two at show in the evening at 6 and 8 pm. Each performance will feature a select collection of the best singer/songwriters from this music crazy region.
The 6pm show features Ryan Peters and Roger Brown. This is a ticketed event.
The 8pm show features Joe Shields, Lara Fulford and Kevin Johnson. This is a ticketed event.
But that is not all. This day will be bigger than any one venue can contain. Simultaneous free performances will take place in the afternoon at Beards Brewery and City Park Grill from 12 to 5pm.


can someone with a drug addiction can ever change? - General :: sidetaker.
can someone with a drug addiction can ever change?
My mother has had a severe addition to cocaine for many years. My sister and I, as well as my family has always been there and tried to be supportive. She says that she is changing and will never touch it again. But we have heard that before. She recently got a new appartment and now all the sudden has new friends and we can hardly get ahold of her. She says that she is not doing cocaine again and that we need to trust her. Do I believe her or should I be a bit skeptical?


text:
BLOG Views, features and analysis from renowned bloggers and contributors around the world
Twenty years on, Arsene Wenger's Arsenal revolution
When Arsene Wenger arrived at Arsenal it was more a case of "Arsene who?" Two years later, when he led the Gunners to double glory, he was dubbed a genius. (Reuters)
By Gregory Wilcox Special to Al Arabiya English Sunday, 25 September 2016
When Arsene Wenger arrived at Arsenal it was more a case of "Arsene who?" Two years later, when he led the Gunners to double glory, he was dubbed a genius. By 2004, after he had overseen the "Invincibles," he was an all-time great and club legend. Fast forward a few years and he was stubborn and frugal. By 2014 he was, according to Jose Mourinho at least, "a specialist in failure."
But if there is one thing everyone can agree on when it comes to Wenger, and let's face it that is quite tough, it is that he has always been his own man. A man who arrived at Highbury 20 years ago and who oversaw a revolution, not only of the famous club, but also of English football.
Arsenal's Tuesday drinking club and munching of Mars bars were banished and in came stretching and broccoli. Hardly profound or radical in today's game, but this was the era when change in English football invariably meant no pies and pints on Friday night or, if you were really daring, hiring a faith healer, a laying on of hands and inviting much mirth from bemused players.
The insular, semi-ridiculous - at least from the distance of two decades - nature of English football was taken to be sacrosanct. It may have been 30 years since the national team had won the World Cup, but there was still a sense that no one was in a position to tell the "in-ger-lish" how to play the game, let alone a Jonny Foreigner who, in the words of Tony Adams, "wore glasses and looked more like a schoolteacher."
But the technical, passing, possession football that is now the norm for any side with ambitions to remain in the Premier League, let alone win it, and the idea that eating vegetables rather than a tub of lard was not a bad one was brought in by Wenger and him alone.
The big irony is that now 20 years on, the one-time revolutionary is now more of a throwback, someone viewed as a stuck-in-the-mud anachronism. A manager who harks back to a long-forgotten age when playing with the owner's chequebook was not seen as the only path to success and when paragraphs were favored over 140 characters.
And that perhaps explains why so many Arsenal fans seemingly want him gone: Wenger is not of the Twitter generation, of instant opinions for the 24-hour news agenda, of hype over humility and of sensationalism over stability. The man who was once seen as the future is firmly sticking to his principles that are now deemed as belonging to the past.
While it is not hard to have some sympathy with Arsenal fans frustrated at the lack of a Premier League title since 2004 - who would not get annoyed at the monied arrivistes of Chelsea and Manchester City throwing cash around with all the class of an arrogant, talentless reality TV star? – the idea that had Wenger been more active in the transfer market titles would have followed is as flawed as it is convenient.
Every club over the past decade has tried, at one time or another, to splash the cash in a bid to grab glory – be that winning the title, getting into Europe or simply survival. During those ten years only four teams have lifted the Premier League trophy, one of them being Leicester City. And if there is one lesson from the Foxes' stunning success it is that you do not need to buy big to win the league.
Today's footballing world demands action and inquiries after even just one bad result. It does not deal in shades of grey or nuance and it is addicted to big-money signings and sacking the manager as the surefire way to glory.
Yes, Wenger has been stubborn, yes he has been frugal and yes, after some Arsenal performances this year it is easy to understand the resentment of some Gunners fans. But in an era when managers seemingly change every five weeks and players pledge loyalty only until a bigger salary is offered elsewhere, Wenger and Arsenal offer a refreshing alternative – a counterpoint to the bravado and bluster that dominates. A manager who wants to manage rather than simply go on a spending spree, and a club that sticks by their man.
The reason the club hierarchy has stuck by him is simple, while Arsenal have not won the title it is ridiculous to suggest they have not been successful. Despite the financial constraints Wenger faced, he has still guided the Gunners to the Champions League every year, all the while remaining true to his philosophy of producing poetry rather than prose.
If Arsenal fail to win the title again, this year there will undoubtedly be ever-growing calls for him to leave and perhaps after 13 years without a title those calls become ever more easy to understand. But for romantics in an age of the zillionaire, trigger-happy owner, it is a lot easier to celebrate teams that play the way Wenger's do rather than those that achieve success simply because of the size of their wallets.
Over the course of Wenger's reign, fellow big clubs such as Everton, Liverpool and arch rivals Tottenham have gone through 24 managers between them and, at the same time, not been shy in the transfer market. Everton have not won a trophy since 1995, Liverpool have not won the title since 1990 and Tottenham last lifted the trophy in the days of black and white TV.
Twenty years on from arriving at Arsenal, Wenger remains a maverick, an outsider, and yes, he can be infuriating. But if those stats tell us anything it is to be careful what you wish for.
Arsenal's Wenger happy to shed his Chelsea hoodoo
For five years, Chelsea were the nemesis of Arsenal and their coach Arsene Wenger so Saturday's resounding 3-0 ...
Is Arsene Wenger being a hypocrite?
Listen to Arsene Wenger, and you might believe that he has always been the way he is now. The Arsenal manager often ...
Under-pressure Wenger gets Arsenal back on track
Arsenal manager Arsene Wenger has been feeling the pressure in the race for a Champions League place but a 2-0 win over ...
Wenger rejects doubts about Arsenal's title credentials
Manager Arsene Wenger has rejected doubts about Arsenal's title credentials, saying statistics back him up about ...
Arsenal's Tuesday drinking club and munching of Mars bars were banished and in came stretching and broccoli


text:
Aggressive Apple TV+ Pricing Is Aimed To Survive In The Netflix-led OTT Market
By Prasham Parikh Sept. 11, 2019
The last thing any of us expected was to see Jason Momoa grace the presentation at the launch event of Apple's new products and services, including the new iPhone 11 family. The slide of the Aquaman was a part of the Apple TV+ announcement that also included a sneak peek of the exclusive TV shows and movies that would slot in the library.
Apple TV+ is Apple's attempt at cashing in on the growing fever of on-demand video streaming services in the world. It promises to offer new Apple Originals every month in 4K HDR with Dolby Atmos support and will only cost $5 a month for a family of up to 6 members. And if the price wasn't cheap enough, Tim Cook also announced that buyers of Apple hardware (iPhone, iPad, iPod Touch, or Apple TV) will get a year's subscription of the service for free.
SEE ALSO: Internet Responds To The Apple Event With Broke AF Memes
For a company that offers a premium experience, bundling a year's worth of service seems rather unusual, doesn't it? Well, we think there's more to the story.
Buying time
For anyone looking to subscribe to a streaming service right now, there are a plethora of options to choose from. Disney+, Netflix, Prime Video and Hulu are the most promising amongst all and also have the advantage of having huge libraries of both original and licensed content.
As far as Apple TV+ is concerned, there's no clarity (and it's unlikely) if Apple will bundle in licensed content with its original shows and movies. And since the library of original shows will take time to build up, it'll be difficult to get users to subscribe to Apple's streaming service. After all, who doesn't hate running out of options to choose from?
Hence, the cheap monthly plan and the offer for a free annual subscription will give Apple enough time to build its library. This approach will also psychologically reduce the expectations and the disappointment (related to the limited library) that a customer might have with the service as there's either little or no financial cost associated with it.
Compensating for being late to the game
The video streaming service market has seen a drastic spike in the last couple of years. With smartphones getting more affordable, the OTT market has seen a boom. Not only are there more players in the market, but they're pushing out more original content than ever. Even in terms of pricing, the market is really aggressive. If Apple really wants to catch the attention of potential customers who are hooked to other streaming services, aggressive pricing is definitely one of the ways to do that.
Talking about India specifically, Netflix launched in India about 3 years ago and started off with plans that weren't as affordable for the Indian market. Realising the potential market it could tap, it released a mobile-only plan that cost INR 200 but would still give access to Netflix's library of both licensed and original content. Subscribers in India have been quick to lap up streaming services that offer great value for money. Apart from Netflix, a lot of Indian streaming services have gained steam in the last few years too, especially Hotstar. It costs just INR 999 a year and also includes access to live streams of major sporting events and Disney+ content. Hence, the pricing of INR 99/month for Apple TV+ is warranted if Apple wants a fighting chance in this competitive industry.
SEE ALSO: Apple Unveils iPhone 11 In Two New Colors; Priced At $699
While it's a whole different argument if it's worth subscribing to Apple TV+ (especially in India), expect Apple to bring it's A-game in terms of the exclusive content that'll find home in the streaming service. If Apple does include licensed content with the streaming service (which is unlikely), the entire value proposition will change (for the better). But if it doesn't, it'll be interesting to see how the market reacts to what Apple puts on the table.
Topics: Tech, Netflix, Apple, Disney Plus, Genesis by Mashable India, Video Streaming, Apple Tv Plus
Shark Tank India Season 2's First All 5 Shark Deal: Garment Brand Founder Calls Aman Gupta His Inspiration
The founder also shared his inspiring story
'Shark Tank India's Jugadu Kamlesh Shares New Model With Peyush Bansal; Says First-Year Revenue Target Is Rs 5 Crore
Watch the unveling video!
Best Of All! Top Premium Smartwatches To Buy Under Rs. 50,000
Choose your best pick!
This Shape-Shifting Robot Can Liquify Itself And Escape From Prison Bars
Along with the study, the researchers also made a video showing the robot changing its state.
Google Is Set To Make Major Changes For Android And Google Pay In India; Here's What It Means
Google was also hit with a $161 million fine.
'Bridgerton' Star Rege-Jean Page Is The Most Handsome Man On Earth; There's Science To Back It
'What kind of science is this', asks the internet in disbelief
Kangana Ranaut Is Back On Twitter; Netizens Say, 'Aate Hi Kaam Shuru' As She Takes An Indirect Dig At 'Pathaan'
Kangana Ranaut Tweets, 'Film Industry Is So Crass...' Netizens React, 'Aate Hi Kaam Shuru Kardiye'
Not Just On Screen But Shah Rukh Khan Is 'Pathaan' In Real Life Too! Waves At His Fans Outside Mannat - Video
A Glimpse Of Why Shah Rukh Khan Still Is The King; Actor Greets His Fans Gathered Outside Mannat
K-Pop Fever Takes Over Pakistan; Teenage Girls Who Ran Away From Home To Meet BTS Found In Lahore
When you take 'Run BTS' too seriously
Netizens Hail SS Rajamouli For Attending Golden Globes In Traditional Attire: Indian Culture On Global Platform
"Nice To See Indian Culture On Global Platform."
About Mashable India
Mashable India is operated under licence by Fork Media Group Pvt. Ltd.