text:
Reporter : Kim Se-jeong
Elderly need at least 2.5 million won for post retirement
Residents in Seoul think a couple needs 2.52 million won per month on average to have a decent lifestyle after they turn 65 years old, according to a recent study. The Seoul Institute, a city-funded research agency, however, showed people were not preparing for retirement. The institute surveyed 1,013 city residents aged between 20 and 60 from Feb. 5 to Feb 22.
Chronic insomnia grows on high stress
How did you sleep last night? If you had difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep, you may have insomnia. Acute insomnia lasts one night or two mostly due to dramatic changes in the environment. Chronic insomnia occurs at least three times a week and lasts more than three months.
Seoul hit for stereotyping gender roles
A Seoul city government poster promoting its childcare policies came under fire for stereotyping gender roles.The poster shows a 36-year-old mother kissing her daughter. Next to the image is the text "Seoul helps your future" with a list of policies assisting child delivery, childcare and family housing...
Seoul & Provinces | 2018-04-09 18:26
GGGI director-general talks about sustainable development
Frank Rijsberman, 62, director-general of the Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI), proudly calls himself a sustainable development practitioner.Based in Seoul, the GGGI is an international organization committed to strengthening green growth strategies of developing countries using the model of Korea.
Labor & Environment | 2018-04-06 18:46
Court orders 24 years in jail for former President Park
A lower court in Seoul sentenced former President Park Geun-hye to 24 years in prison and fined her 18 billion won ($16.8 million) on corruption charges Friday. This makes her the nation's third ex-president to be criminally convicted. The decision by the Seoul Central District Court came almost a year after she was removed from power.
Politics | 2018-04-06 18:41
Jet fighter crash kills 2 pilots
An Air Force jet crashed into a mountain in Chilgok, North Gyeongsang Province, 216 kilometers southeast of Seoul, Thursday, killing two pilots, the Air Force said. The military initially said both ejected from the jet safely. No civilian damage was reported. The crash site is close to a golf course.
Defense | 2018-04-05 21:27
[Reporter's Notebook] Next police chief should be female
The mood at the National Police Agency (NPA) has been mixed lately. President Moon Jae-in's outspoken support for the agency to have more investigative power has made officers of the police agency enthusiastic.
Waste management crisis undermines recycling
The recent waste management crisis in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province is adding pressure to Korea's recycling industry.The crisis took place Monday when 48 recycling companies stopped collecting from their clients, mostly apartment complexes.
Plastic-eating enzyme could help in battling pollution
Ex-President Park's verdict to be aired live (From 2:10 p.m. Friday)
The verdict and possible sentencing of former President Park Geun-hye on corruption charges scheduled for Friday will be broadcast live. The Seoul Central District Court said Tuesday that despite Park's request it decided to air the verdict as "it is a matter of public interest." The broadcast will start at 2:10 p.m., and court cameras will be used instead of allowing TV came...
'Cannabis needed for medical treatment'
Kim is a medical doctor and a mother of a seven-year-old boy who suffers Lennos-Gastaut syndrome, childhood-onset epilepsy. She learned about the effectiveness of cannabis oil in treating epilepsy symptoms, and ordered it from overseas last year. The oil arrived in Korea but never got to her address. Instead, the prosecution which was tipped off by the customs authority visit...


Spring deserves to be celebrated, and that's just what I think of when I look at these cupcakes. They remind me of a Spring parade and kind of make me want to throw confetti in the air because warmer weather is on the way! The Sorbeto sprinkle mix is like a happy color explosion, and I think it's the perfect way to add a little more fun to these buttercream flower cupcakes. It's pretty much the best way to welcome Spring if you're as excited as I am about it!
If you've never piped a buttercream rose before, fear not! It's super easy with the right piping tip, a little practice, and the tutorial instructions below. And if you're not comfortable with piping a rose, you could always swap it out with a buttercream rosette using Wilton Tip 1M or 2D. I'm sure whatever kind of floral technique you use for the cupcake toppers, you'll end up with something beautiful!
Divide the buttercream into thirds and place ⅓ into one bowl and the remainder into another bowl. Add a few drops of food color gel to the larger amount of buttercream and create the color that you'd like your roses to be. I used Deep Pink by Americolor, but feel free to use your favorite!
When you've got a good color going, place the pink buttercream into a piping bag fitted with Wilton Tip 104.
Pour the Sorbeto sprinkles into a bowl or onto a plate for easily dipping the edges of the cupcakes in. Then, use a small icing spatula to cover the surface of the cupcake with white buttercream and gently roll the top edges into the sprinkles.
Repeat until all of your cupcakes have sprinkled edges.
Using your piping bag fitted with Wilton Tip 104, pipe a buttercream rose onto the top of the cupcake with the outer petals ending just where the sprinkles begin (you don't want to cover those!).
To pipe a rose, point the larger end of the piping tip toward the cupcake (the skinnier end should be facing upward) and rotate the cupcake 360 degrees as you pipe a simple swirl in the middle. This will be the center bud. Keep rotating the cupcake as you pipe rows of petals around the bud. They should get longer as you reach the outer edge of the rose.
Repeat until you've piped the roses onto all of the cupcakes.
Welcoming Spring with all of you!


text:
Legal Guide
All you need to know about the letter of administration
Contrary to what some people believe, Letters of Administration are not part of the probate process. Unlike Letters Testamentary, used when someone is appointed as an executor in a Will, Letters of Administration are required when a loved one dies intestate (without leaving a will). Letters of Administration allow the administrator the same rights as an executor who is probating a will. However, Letters of Administration also include another step: because there is no will, it must be proven that whoever died had no surviving children, spouse, or parents who could inherit their property. The Letters must be filed with the court and published in two newspapers as well.
Estates worth less than £10,000 in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland can be passed without going to court. You can claim some assets of the deceased without a legal will if the estate is worth more than £250. Assets under £5,000 from an estate where there is no valid will are paid out without probate.
According to the Wills Act of 1965, the property will be divided in accordance with the personal estate law that applies at the time of death. Unless otherwise stated in a will or in circumstances where there is no will, there is no executor. In this case, when a will has not been made, it is important to understand who is entitled to apply for the letters.
In the event that there are siblings, parents, or children of the deceased person, the surviving widow or widower will not have the right to apply for letters of administration.
Who can apply letters of administration? The order of the list of relatives is relevant to the interpretation of the legislation. For example, if no surviving spouse is available, then the following order listed below can apply:
Civil Partner or Spouse - excluding Common Law Partner
Sons or Daughters of the Deceased's Children
Parents, Brothers, and Sisters
Aunts or Uncles - but not their spouses
Hire a lawyer
There may be several reasons for which you require the services of a legal specialist in administering the estate. The last wish of every person should be carried out without any obstacle and deed, upon his or her death, by ensuring that there is a will to follow. However, to ensure that you do not create complications for your family and yourself, it is advisable that you appoint a lawyer as the executor before you die. As an individual, it is important to appoint a legal expert to deal with the administration of the will before you apply for the letters. Failure to do so might result in unnecessary disputes over the will.
So it is very important to make arrangements with an experienced and reliable legal firm for writing or drawing up the will. The will is the execution of a legal process to pass on property, assets, rights, or money from one person on death to his or her family members or other beneficiaries.
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Neill Tools were present with an impressive stand at the NMBS show at Telford International Centre on Wednesday 25th May.
Well what a fantastic start to the Chelsea Flower show we have had! All that hard work and preparation has paid off and the garden tools are flying off the shelves with record sales!!
Check out our first in the series of 'How to' videos in the Spear & Jackson Garden with Lee Bestall - Border Fork.
Spear & Jackson's new range of garden hand tool sets combine great quality with superb value.


text:
Government should introduce pay-as-you-go roads model by 2030
ICE's latest policy paper explores the challenges and opportunities a pay as you go model for the nation's busiest roads would bring and challenges government to act now.
Image credit: Xiaolong Wong/Unsplash
Updated: 20 March, 2019
Author: Emma Beer
The government has 10 years to implement a fair, reliable and sustainable method of roads revenue to ensure the UK's economic and social wellbeing, says the Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE).
The recommendation is made in ICE's latest policy paper, Pay As You Go – Achieving Sustainable Roads Funding in England.
The paper expands on a recommendation made in ICE's 2018 State of the Nation: Infrastructure Investment report that "the government should give serious consideration to replacing the existing generation of road taxes with a pay-as-you-go model for the busiest roads in England".
State of the Nation 2018: infrastructure investment
Download the ICE Pay As You Go - Achieving Sustainable Roads Funding in England paper
A survey, conducted by YouGov last year, found that 47% of the British public would support a pay-as-you-go model, if it replaced both Vehicle Excise Duty (VED) and fuel duty.
The paper outlines some of the challenges that introducing a new system would bring, such as new infrastructure and technology, privacy and security concerns and potential regulation.
It also recognises the need for any new system to remain affordable, and not disadvantage people based on location or economic status.
Rachel Skinner, ICE Vice President for Public Voice, said: "Ensuring a fair, reliable and sustainable way of securing funding to improve and maintain our roads is crucial to safeguarding the UK's economic and social wellbeing.
"Britain moves almost three times more goods by road than by water and rail combined, and almost 90% of the population's journeys are made this way.
"We know there is some public support for a 'pay-as-you-go' model to replace current roads taxation, and a range of options should be explored to craft a new, fair and lower carbon solution for road users of the future.
"We would urge the government to give this urgent and serious consideration, with a view to an early decision on implementation well before the end of the next decade."
Based on the ongoing decrease in fuel duty – for reasons including an increase in fuel efficiency and electric vehicle uptake – and likely decrease in VED – due to exemptions currently given for electric and lower emission vehicles – revenue from roads is set to significantly fall in the next decade.
If the government is serious about all new car and van sales being zero emission by 2040, it must consider the impact this change will have on roads revenue – and create a sustainable alternative to ensure roads remain safe and useable for the future.
Skinner added: "Today's two main sources of UK roads revenue – fuel duty and vehicle excise duty – are both in danger of significantly declining by 2030 and the landscape around vehicle fleets, new technologies and fuel usage is changing fast.
"Now is the time for the government to reshape the future funding of our road networks, given their crucial role in society and our future connectivity, to ensure a new system is up and running before it's too late."
ICE recommends that this alternative system is in place for the nation's busiest roads no later than the end of 2030, to ensure the deficit that may be felt by these declining revenues doesn't have an impact on the ability to maintain the UK's roads.
Tags: Highways
ICE East Midlands Merit Awards 2022 open for entries
Catholic school build wins at ICE 2021 Wales Cymru Awards
Dam good photo scoops top prize in Welsh competition
Building flood resilience in Plymouth – Lipson Vale case study, webinar


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Quiet Storm » 10 Years of Quiet Storm!
Did the gallery get taken down for good?
Yeah, I think so. There was a point to it before, without an official site, but now that Fairuza's active on her own I'll let her deal with that as she wishes. Also, there's tons of copyright stuff I'd rather not worry about.


I am absolutely thrilled to share with you a secret project I've been working on for the past while. My handcrafted organic product line Ginger & Graye!
Our first launch, this Postpartum Sitz Bath has been crafted with care for a gentle fourth trimester.
As a Birth Doula, this product has been at the forefront of my practice and a favorite among new mothers. And as of this evening, it's officially available for order. A perfect self-care gift for any mama!
More loveliness to come soon!!


text:
Straubing (počeštěně Štrubina) je zámek v bavorském městě Straubing v Německu.

Historie
Nejstarší vévodské sídlo ve městě stálo pravděpodobně od roku 1255 na severozápadním okraji města. Stavba zámku na dnešním místě byla započata roku 1356 vévodou Albrechtem I. Od roku 1373 do 1393 byla budována ve východním křídlu zámecká kaple sv. Sigismunda. Po vymření straubingské rodové linie roku 1425 padl zámek do rukou vévodství. Roku 1739 dostal zámek barokní fasádu. Za první a druhé světové války byl zámek využíván jako kasárna. V 90. letech 20. století byly provedeny nejdůležitější renovační práce. Roku 2017 byla ukončena rekonstrukce interiérů.

Galerie

Odkazy

Reference

Externí odkazy

Straubing
Zemský okres Straubing-Bogen

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Resource integration optimization of convenience service platforms adopting dynamic service modes in new retail
Yang Yang1 &
Jianming Yao1
This paper analyzes the key issues of resource integration, and proposes a method for solving the problem of achieving efficient resource integration for convenience service platforms that adopt dynamic service modes. This method considers both the service level of collaborative resources under dynamic service modes, and collaborative resources' satisfaction of service modes in the resource integration. In addition, dominant factors needing the most attention during resource integration under dynamic service modes are excavated. Moreover, a model for resource integration optimization is established, and ant colony algorithm is used to solve the problem. Finally, a case is used to verify the feasibility of the method.
With the accelerating pace of life, customers are seeking further convenience of retail service. At present, convenience stores, a vital form of retail service, have been increasingly favored by consumers for their convenience, rapidity, and accessibility in an emergency. The presence of convenience stores has become an essential part of daily life (Sakashita 2000). The largest retail groups have developed new convenience stores, thus, the retail market share of convenience stores is rising (Gahinet and Cliquet 2018). Moreover, as novel modes, like new retail, which merges brick and mortar stores with ecommerce, are emerging (Wang and Li 2019), it is feasible for a large number of chain convenience stores to combine the multi-end scale effect and brand reputation with well-developed online operations to transform into convenience service platforms. For instance, a number of Freshippo supermarkets, flagships of Alibaba, have set up life service centers at which convenience services like laundry, hair salons and repairs can be found. Convenience Bee, a cashier-free convenience store, has also offered laundry services, covering the neighborhoods and business districts in the vicinity of its hundreds of stores. Suning Xiaodian, the convenience store of Chinese retailer Suning.com Co., now provides various life services, including housekeeping and home appliance cleaning. The general operational framework of convenience stores after transformation is demonstrated in Fig. 1.
Service form of convenience stores after transformation
As shown in Fig. 1, the center is a convenience service platform transformed from a convenience store that offers a variety of daily convenience service items, such as car washing and delivery services, to different customers k (k = 1, 2, ... K). As a service integrator, convenience service platforms need to integrate appropriate service resources r (r = 1, 2, ... R) to provide these services.
For each service item m (m = 1, 2, ... M), the convenience service platform can choose alternative service modes n (n = 1, 2, ... N) to provide the services. On the one hand, different service modes offer different levels of convenience and cost; on the other hand, different service resources offer different service levels under different service modes and have respective preferences for different service modes given their own ability.
Apparently, the success of this platform depends on whether the integrated service resources can provide consumers with a satisfactory experience. To fulfill the goal, the core enterprise in charge of the platform is expected to integrate the service resources in an effective and reasonable manner. Resource integration is the process of effectively identifying, acquiring, and allocating external resources (Ma et al. 2019), and is a critical process for companies to maximize resource function (Lyu et al. 2019). In other words, the efficiency of resource integration determines the service capabilities of the convenience service platforms.
As services have received increasingly more attention, a large number of scholars have conducted research on service supply chain management in sectors such as outsourcing (e.g., Benjaafar et al. 2007; Lahiri et al. 2013), customer service (e.g., Al Hamadi et al. 2015; Hall and Porteus 2000), capacity management (e.g., Cao and Jiang 2013; Ching et al. 2011), and service competition (e.g., Shi et al. 2019; Wang et al. 2019). Industries such as telecommunications (e.g., Canakoglu and Bilgic 2007; Hasija et al. 2008), electricity (e.g., Oliveira et al. 2013) and logistics (e.g., Liu et al. 2013; Liu and Xie 2013; Liu et al. 2018) have also been examined.
However, the existing research is largely based on static service modes (including service time, delivery, and contents of service); they do not consider the dynamic changes present in service modes. In reality, consumers' needs with regard to the convenience of services frequently vary with specific surroundings and scenarios. Therefore, in designing service items for convenience service platforms, it is advisable to consider how to meet consumers' changing needs through dynamic service modes and examine how resource integration can be incorporated. In other words, compared with the traditional single service mode, the influence of dynamic of service modes need to be considered in the resource integration for convenience service platforms. Therefore, this study is aimed at exploring the optimization of resource integration under dynamic service modes.
With the purpose of offering a method for resource integration optimization of convenience service platforms under dynamic service modes, the paper first analyzes the key issues of resource integration, and then establishes the optimization model. The ant colony algorithm is adopted to find the solution, and a case is analyzed to verify the feasibility of the model. The next section, Section 2, will review relevant literature in this aspect. Section 3 includes the description of dynamic service modes of convenience service platforms. Section 4 focuses on the excavation of key factors for resource integration under dynamic service modes. The optimization model of resource integration is established in Section 5, and the selection and adoption of the algorithm is demonstrated in Section 6. In Section 7, the feasibility of the model is verified through a case. Section 8 presents the conclusion.
There exists a large amount of literature on the supply chain management of convenience stores, including studies on the location and delivery (e.g., Hübner et al. 2016; Sakashita 2000; Wood and Browne 2007), and research about replenishment and category management (e.g., Alftan et al. 2015; Han et al. 2014). As Chinese convenience stores are transforming and upgrading into convenience service platforms, it is necessary to take into account the issue of resource integration for service suppliers from the perspective of service operation management.
In addition, a large amount of research has been conducted on the selection and allocation of supply chain resources. In terms of resource integration in manufacturing, researchers have paid much attention to sustainable resource integration and the resource integration in the service-oriented transformation of manufacturing. Bastl et al. (2017) explore the role of the manufacturer–supplier relationship in service performance within service triads. Luthra et al. (2017) propose a framework for sustainable supplier selection and evaluation in supply chains. Lamba and Singh (2019) propose a dynamic supplier selection model considering the carbon emissions in a big data environment. Ayala et al. (2019) study the moderating role of service suppliers in product companies (servitization). With regard to the integration of service products, some scholars explored the resource selection and integration in third-party logistics service. Pamucar et al. (2019) provide a method for the assessment of a third-party logistics provider. Lyu et al. (2019) examine the impact of logistics platforms and location on logistics resource integration and operational performance.
However, despite thriving service products, research concerning the resource integration of the service sector is lacking. In particular, few consider the dynamic changes in service modes, though the importance of resource integration has become increasingly popular. Supply chain management has become an essential method in aiding enterprises to improve their operation flexibility and acquire external resources (Yao 2010; Yao and Gu 2014). Yao (2017) points out that a supply chain network comprises different supply chain resources, and its operation efficiency is determined by the level of supply chain resource integration. Companies can improve their operational performance and obtain competitive advantage through resource integration (Lyu et al. 2019). Therefore, in view of the importance of resource integration and the lack of research about the impact of dynamic service modes on resource integration, this research attempts to explore the optimization of service resource integration in terms of dynamic service modes.
The theoretical contributions of this paper are mainly the following.
Firstly, given that few studies consider the influence of different service modes in the process of resource integration with regard to the adoption of dynamic service modes, the present research question eliminates the existing gap as much as possible.
Secondly, the characteristics of resource integration under dynamic service modes are analyzed in this paper. Specifically, two aspects are considered, namely, service level difference of collaborative resources under different service modes, and collaborative resources' satisfaction toward different service modes. In addition, the key factors of resource integration under the dynamic service modes are excavated and analyzed.
Thirdly, the procedure of the proposed method is straightforward, and generally applicable to the optimization of resource integration of the convenience service platforms that adopt the dynamic service modes.
Dynamic service modes of convenience service platforms
Convenience service platforms provide convenience services against customer needs for convenience. Berry et al. (2002) define service convenience as a consumers' perception of minimized time and effort required to obtain a service. It is worth noting that the degree of customer demand for convenience is not constant and often changes with the surrounding environment and conditions. For example, the same customer's needs for convenience differ between weekdays and weekends, and also between peak work hours and noon; in addition, changes in the environment, such as weather and temperature, will also cause changes in customer convenience needs. Under the condition in which customers have insufficient time or energy, they pay more attention to the service convenience and factors that can reduce the time and energy expended instead of factors such as quality and price; conversely, under the condition in which customers have sufficient time or energy, they pay less attention to the service convenience and focus more on factors such as quality and price. However, the improvement of service convenience is often coupled with cost increases. Thus, convenience service platforms should supply suitable convenience based on the dynamic service convenience demand of customers.
Service convenience is a multidimensional construct, and should be understood within the context of the activities that consumers undergo in the process of purchasing and using a service (Colwell et al. 2008). Brown (1990) proposes five dimensions for the concept of convenience: time, place, acquisition, use, and execution. As the acquisition and use dimensions do not vary with service modes because they are influenced by the transaction channels and payment methods of convenience service platforms, in this research, we mainly focus on the time, place, and execution dimensions, which do vary with service modes. Taking a community convenience store with laundry services as an example, Table 1 shows different service details in terms of the different service dimensions that a convenience service platform can provide. The service contents chosen by a convenience service platform against the different dimensions constitute the whole service mode of that service item, as shown by the example in Table 2. Obviously, the convenience levels of the service modes are different.
Table 1 Examples of different service details provided by a convenience service platform by convenience dimensions
Table 2 Example of the different service modes of a convenience service platform with laundry service
In reality, platforms generally cannot provide all the possible service modes for customers because too high a degree of customization in service modes cannot effectively produce economies of scale. Therefore, platforms need to select and design service modes based on target customers' convenience demand. As static service modes find it difficult to meet changing customer demand, the platforms often need to set up dynamic service modes.
For example, as shown in Fig. 2, a convenience service platform can use the combination of service modes (3) and (6) for customers to choose in a certain period (such as period t), and in another period (such as t + 1), adopt the combination of service modes (2) and (4).
Sketch of dynamic service modes of convenience service platforms
Convenience service platforms can divide the resource integration decision period into T different stages according to the changes in customer convenience needs. Customers' desired service mode (obtained through a pilot survey) can be used at each stage. The selection ratio of each service mode during the entire resource integration decision period can then be obtained.
Key issues of resource integration of convenience service platforms under dynamic service modes
In this part, the procedures involved in resource integration under dynamic service modes are defined, and key factors in the integration process are discussed.
Resource integration procedure under dynamic service modes
As mentioned earlier, the key to the success of convenience service platforms is being able to match customer demand to the convenience experience, which relies on the effective and reasonable integration of service resources. However, the resource integration process of convenience service platforms based on different convenience service modes is a typical dynamic process with different characteristics. Therefore, the service resource integration of convenience service platforms should be different from that adopted by static service modes. The resource integration process based on dynamic service modes is described in Fig. 3.
Flow chart of resource integration of convenience service platforms under dynamic service modes
As shown in Fig. 3, when convenience service platforms under dynamic service modes integrate resources, they must first clarify their adoption of the different service modes using a dynamic decision-making process. The decision-making period for the resource integration can be divided into different stages according to the changes in customers' convenience demand. For each delimited stage, convenience service platforms select one or two service modes to match customer demand; thus, the convenience service platforms can determine the adoption of service modes during the decision-making period of resource integration.
The evaluation of collaborative resources is more complicated when convenience service platforms adopt dynamic service modes than when they adopt static service modes. Specifically, two aspects need to be considered, namely, service level difference of collaborative resource under the different service modes, and collaborative resources' satisfaction toward different service modes. In addition, not all the resource features can be considered when integrating resources, so those needing the most attention should be clarified. Therefore, convenience service platforms need to excavate the dominant factors for resource integration based on dynamic service modes, and carry out resource integration in a focused and targeted manner. Convenience service platforms under dynamic service modes should comprehensively consider the above aspects to optimize resource integration.
Collaborative resources' service level under dynamic service modes
This article assumes that convenience service platforms are only responsible for facilitating transactions, other service steps are completed by their carried service resources, and each carried resource can cooperate with platforms to utilize different service modes for the service. It is worth noting that different service resources have different service levels under different service modes, given their own ability. For example, the service supplier's logistical speed will affect its service level when the door-to-door delivery mode is adopted, and the service provider's capability for providing customized services will affect its service level when the customized service mode is adopted. This leads to changes in the service level of collaborative resources when convenience service platforms adopt different service modes, so the evaluation of collaborative resources' service level should be considered in combination with dynamic service modes.
Considering that customers may have different expectations toward service performance for different service modes, and that perceived service levels are influenced by the (dis)confirmation of expected service performance (Bolton and Drew 1991; Oliver 1977; Rust et al. 1999; Szymanski and Henard 2001), the customer perceived value, instead of the objective value, should be used to reflect the service level of suppliers under different service modes. In line with prospect theory (Kahneman and Tversky 1979) which believes people derive utility from gains and losses, measured relative to the reference point, rather than from the absolute levels of wealth and are more sensitive to losses than to gains of the same magnitude, we take the customer expectation of service level as the reference point to calculate their perceived value. If the performance of the actual service exceeds customer expectations, gain is appreciated, and the perceived value increases; if the performance of the actual service is lower than that of customer expectations, loss is appreciated, and the perceived value decreases.
According to the value function of prospect theory, when describing the customer perceived value, we assume that, under the service mode Amn, fmn is the fth index affecting the service level, the customer expectation for service performance with the index fmn is lfmn, and the actual performance of collaboration resource i is lf(mn)i. According to the value function in prospect theory, the formula for the customer perceived value vf(mn)i of lf(mn)i relative to lfmn is :
$$ {v}_{f(mn)i}=\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\left({l}_{f(mn)i}-{l}_{fmn}\right)}^{\alpha },{l}_{f(mn)i}\ge {l}_{fmn}\\ {}-\uptheta {\left({l}_{fmn}-{l}_{f(mn)i}\right)}^{\beta },{l}_{f(mn)i}<{l}_{fmn}\end{array}\right., $$
where α and β respectively represent the concave-convex degree of the gain and loss value functions as perceived by the customer. As customers are more sensitive to loss than gain, θ > 1. Through the experimental tests and data regression analysis on a large number of decision-making individuals, Tversky and Kahneman (1992) conclude that α = β = 0.88 and θ = 2.25, which are the parameter values that can approximately indicate the behavioral preferences of the decision-maker. Therefore, this article takes the above values as the parameters.
Assume that the importance attached by customers to the index f(mn) is Wf(mn), then, under the service mode Amn adopted by the convenience service platform, the customer perceived value about the service level of the collaborative resource i, E(mn)i , can be expressed as:
$$ {E}_{(mn)i}={\sum}_{f=1}^F{W}_{f(mn)}{v}_{f(mn)i}. $$
Combined with umn, the proportion of each service mode utilized by convenience service platforms during the decision-making stage of resource integration, the customers' overall perceived value of the collaborative resource i under dynamic service modes can be expressed as:
$$ {E}_{mi}={\sum}_{n=1}^N\left[{u}_{mn}\left({\sum}_{f=1}^F{W}_{f(mn)}{v}_{f(mn)i}\right)\right]. $$
Collaborative resources' satisfaction about dynamic service modes
Because different resource individuals have different resource features, their service and coordination costs under different service modes are also different; they have respective preferences for different service modes. When an unsuitable service mode for the collaborative resource is utilized too much, the willingness of the collaboration resource to cooperate with the platform will be reduced—this is not conducive to the long-term cooperation of both sides. Therefore, collaborative resources' preferences toward different service modes need to be considered when convenience service platforms adopting dynamic service modes carry out resource integration. It is thus necessary to describe collaborative resources' relative satisfaction under different service modes.
The approach we utilized in this article allows collaborative resources to first sequence their preferences toward various service modes based on their own resource features. Suppose, for the service item m, the preference sequence value set of the collaborative resource i toward the service mode Amn is Ri ={ \( {R}_{in}^1,{R}_{in}^2 \),… \( {R}_{in}^N \) }, in which \( {R}_{in}^k \) is the ranking the collaborative resource i gives to the mode Amn, the smaller the sequence number is, the bigger the satisfaction of the collaborative resource i toward the service mode Amn. Suppose the satisfaction of the collaborative resource i toward the service mode Amn is Si(mn), there are many describing patterns about the relationship between Si(mn) and \( {R}_{in}^k \). This article adopts Si(mn) =1/ \( {R}_{in}^k \) to describe their relationship, thus Smi, the overall satisfaction of the collaborative resource i toward dynamic service modes, can be expressed as:
$$ {S}_{mi}={\sum}_{n=1}^N\left({u}_{mn}{S}_{i(mn)}\right). $$
Excavation of key factors of resource integration under dynamic service modes
Before making decisions for resource integration, it is necessary to evaluate a large number of optional resources, identify the most suitable resources for integration, and develop long-term strategic cooperation with suitable resources. If taking the efficiency of resource integration into consideration, platforms cannot evaluate all the aspects of optional resources when analyzing their value and evaluating their performance. Instead, they should combine the features of the platforms' dynamic service modes, evaluate optional resources with emphasis, clarify the features needing the most attention when conducting resource integration, that is, the key factors needing the most attention when conducting resource integration, and carefully check the performance of optional resources in these characteristic aspects, then use them as the standard for supplier resource integration.
It is worth noting that when platforms choose different service modes, the impact of the various resource characteristics on the service level will change. For example, when the service mode contains speed service contents, the logistic speed and information interaction capability of the service supply resources will have a great impact on the service level, and if the service mode includes customized service contents, the customized service capabilities of the collaborative resources will have a great impact on the service level. Based on this, Table 3 shows the excavated dominant factors to which more attention needs to be paid when integrating resources under dynamic service modes.
Table 3 Excavation for dominant factors of resource integration of convenience service platforms under dynamic service modes
Vmn in Table 3 indicates the correlation between the characteristics of optional resources and the service level under different service modes; we can assign values to Vmn (0 ≤ Vmn ≤ 1) as per actual correlation conditions. Combined with the ratio of each service mode under dynamic service modes, we can obtain various factors' overall degree of concern ei during the resource integration of convenience service platforms. As mentioned above, when integrating individual resources, we need to carry out targeted investigations on specific aspects of resource performance. Therefore, we can set a certain standard for ei, for example, set the factors with ei greater than 0.45 as the key factors to which more attention needs to be paid when integrating resources, and evaluate the performance of resources on this basis.
Resource integration optimization model
The optimization model of resource integration under dynamic service modes is established in this section.
As platforms carrying service items, convenience service platforms need to consider the interests of both customers and service suppliers. Hence, during resource integration, we need to consider the customer perceived value of service level on one hand and suppliers' satisfaction toward dynamic service modes on the other. Therefore, this article sets four resource integration optimization objectives under dynamic service modes: maximization of customer perceived value of service level; maximization of suppliers' satisfaction toward dynamic service modes; minimization of resource integration cost; and minimization of resource integration time. To achieve the synthesis of the multiple optimization objectives, the parameters in the objective functions need to first be standardized. The parameters and variables of the optimization objectives are defined in Table 4.
Table 4 Description of various parameters and variables
The optimized model for resource integration is established as follows:
$$ \max {Z}_1=\max {\sum}_{m=1}^M{\sum}_{i=1}^I{E}_{rmi}g\left({r}_{mi}\right), $$
$$ \max {Z}_2=\max {\sum}_{m=1}^M{\sum}_{i=1}^I{S}_{rmi}g\left({r}_{mi}\right), $$
$$ \min {Z}_3=\min {\sum}_{m=1}^M{\sum}_{i=1}^I{C}_{mi}g\left({r}_{mi}\right), $$
$$ { mi nZ}_4=\min {\sum}_{m=1}^M{\sum}_{i=1}^I{T}_{a(mi)}g\left({r}_{mi}\right), $$
subject to
$$ {L^{\ast}}_{kmi}={L}_{kmi}+{X}_{kmi}{C}_{kmi}. $$
$$ {C}_{mi}\le {C}_{max}. $$
$$ \mid {T}_m-\left({T}_{end(mi)}-{T}_{sta(mi)}\right)\mid \le {T}_{s(m)}. $$
Eqs. (5)–(8) respectively represent the four optimization objective functions for resource integration. Eq. (9) is the relation constraint between the improvement amount of resource-dominant factors' operation level and the cost input in resource integration. Eq. (10) is the cost constraint of the resource integration input, and ensures the cost of individual resource integration is not higher than the maximum integration cost the convenience service platforms can accept for individual resources. Eq. (11) is the time constraint in resource integration, and ensures the integration time discrepancy when integrating individual resources is not greater than the maximum time discrepancy the convenience service platforms can accept.
The optimization model of resource integration under dynamic service modes is essentially a problem of constrained multi-objective optimization that requires a trade-off between multidimensional optimization goals, thereby making it a nondeterministic polynomial time-hard problem. The ant colony algorithm is well-recognized for its strengths, like portability and high global convergence rate, in dealing with constrained multi-target modeling (Tang et al. 2013; Yao 2013; Yao and Deng 2015), and is widely applied in dynamic multi-target optimization problems (Panicker et al. 2013; Tang et al. 2013; Ting and Chen 2013; Wong et al. 2012; Yao 2010; Yao 2013).
Additionally, in this study, the four objective functions are probably correlated in a complex, nonlinear or contradictory manner, therefore, a dynamic weighing mechanism is needed. To solve the problem, the algorithm is supposed to meet two requirements. First, the decision variable should be of multiple attributes so that characteristics of different optimization targets can be simultaneously considered in the convergence of multiple targets. Second, the algorithm should be employed to cover all potential service resources instead of being confined to specific resources to better adapt to the complex or contradictive relationships among optimization objectives. Some available literature has compared ant colony algorithm with others for multi-objective optimization problems, and the former seems suitable given its characteristics (Dong et al. 2007; Merkle et al. 2002; Xiao et al. 2011). Thus, the ant algorithm is employed for this study.
When constructing the algorithm, each alternative service resource is considered as an independent unit with stable operational parameters. Suppose that the service resources network for the convenience service platforms is composed of source nodes, including those to be integrated. The selection process of resources to integrate corresponds to the foraging behavior of ants. Starting from the source to the object node, ants will move through the resource nodes in the network then disappear, and those alternative resources that do not meet the constraint conditions of the model are set as forbidden nodes. The nodes on the foraging path of ants are the selected ones for resource integration. According to different optimization objectives, the attraction probability of each resource node to ants is set as follows.
Set the attraction probability of rmi to the ants according to rule of the maximization of overall customer perceived value of resources' service level. Set πemi, the sort of pheromone quantities remain by ants passing rmi, is the ratio of overall customer perceived value of resources' service level. Thus, the attraction probability is given as Eq. (12):
$$ {P}_e={\varPi}_{emi}/{\sum}_{i=1}^I{\varPi}_{emi}. $$
Set the attraction probability of rmi to the ants according to rule of the maximization of suppliers' satisfaction with dynamic service modes. Set πsmi, the sort of pheromone quantities remain by ants passing rmi, is the ratio of the suppliers' satisfaction with dynamic service modes. Thus, the attraction probability is given as Eq. (13):
$$ {P}_s={\varPi}_{smi}/{\sum}_{i=1}^I{\varPi}_{smi}. $$
Set the attraction probability of rmi to the ants according to rule of the minimization of resource integration cost. Set πcmi, the sort of pheromone quantities remain by ants passing rmi, is the inverse ratio of the resource integration cost. Thus, the attraction probability is given as Eq. (14):
$$ {P}_c={\varPi}_{cmi}/{\sum}_{i=1}^I{\varPi}_{cmi}. $$
Set the attraction probability of rmi to the ants according to rule of the minimization of resource integration time. Set πtmi, the sort of pheromone quantities remain by ants passing rmi, is the inverse ratio of the resource integration time. Thus, the attraction probability is given as Eq. (15):
$$ {P}_t\kern0.5em ={\varPi}_{tmi}/{\sum}_{i=1}^I{\varPi}_{tmi}. $$
According to the above analysis, the comprehensive attraction probability of rmi for the ants is given in Eq. (16), where λ1, λ2, λ3, λ4 (0 < λ1, λ2, λ3, λ4 < 1; λ1 + λ2 + λ3 + λ4 = 1) are the parameters that reflect the relative weight of the optimization objectives of the resource integration that are regulable upon actual scenes.
$$ P={\lambda}_1{P}_e+{\lambda}_2{P}_s+{\lambda}_3{P}_c+{\lambda}_4{P}_{t.} $$
Convenience Store A is located near a large residential area, which is densely populated and has a high demand for daily convenience services. Due to the high commercial rent, there are few stores that offer such services as laundry and home appliance maintenance. Residents in this area are thus suffering from inconvenience. To attract customers, Convenience Store A plans to transform and upgrade into a convenience service platform, Convenience Service Platform A, and offer a variety of service items that provide convenience services to customers. In addition, dynamic service modes will be adopted for each convenience service based on customers' different needs at different stages.
Taking the laundry service as an example, Convenience Store A designs four service modes, as shown in Table 5, and will choose different modes based on customer needs at different stages.
Table 5 Service modes to be adopted by Convenience Store A on laundry service
Based on the above analysis of resource integration process, Convenience Store A takes the following steps when integrating collaborative resources of providing a laundry service:
Confirm the dynamic service modes in the process of resource integration. Convenience Store A can divide the resource integration decision period into T different stages according to the changing customer convenience needs, and adopt the service mode desired most (obtained through a pilot survey) at each stage. Then, umn, the selection ratio of each service mode during the entire resource integration decision period, can be obtained.
Excavate the key factors of resource integration. After setting the proportion of each service mode, the key factors of resource integration need to be outlined. Table 6 shows the excavation of the key factors of resource integration based on dynamic service modes of Convenience Store A.
After confirming the proportion of each service mode and excavating the key factors of resource integration, Convenience Store A needs to pay attention to the service level of selectable individual resources under different modes. Based on the market survey and negotiation, Convenience Store A initially selected four laundry service suppliers: SUP1, SUP2, SUP3, and SUP4. Combined with the above-mentioned umn, we can calculate customers' comprehensive perceived value of service level of the selectable individual resources under the dynamic service modes according to prospect theory. First, Convenience Store A obtains customer expectation of the service level under different modes according to a prior survey, and then calculates customers' comprehensive perceived value of the service level of the selectable individual resources.
Confirm the collaborative resources' satisfaction of dynamic service modes. Convenience Store A needs to request all collaborative laundry service resources to rank different service modes according to their own preferences. The lower the order value, the better the service mode is for the collaborative resources. The rankings are shown in Table 7.
Table 6 Excavation of key factors of resource integration based on dynamic service modes
Table 7 Preference ranking of alternative service suppliers for different service modes
As mentioned in the Section 4.3, when \( {R}_{in}^k \) is set to the ranking that the collaborative resource i gives to the mode Amn, this article adopts Si(mn) = 1/\( {R}_{in}^k \) to describe the relationship between the ranking and satisfaction of the collaborative resource i toward the service mode. Thus, the preference ranking of the above alternative collaborative resources for the different service modes is transformed into the satisfaction of the different service modes, as indicated in Table 8.
Combined with the above information, Table 9 shows a summary of alternative laundry services. The values have been normalized, and their units removed.
Table 8 Satisfaction of alternative laundry service suppliers with dynamic service modes
Table 9 A summary of alternative laundry services
Based on the above information, Matlab is used to create a simulation. As the value of time discrepancy of SUP4's integration and cost are both higher than those the convenience service platform can accept, it will not be considered by the algorithm.
Resource integration optimization of Convenience Store A should be considered in combination with the stages of its enterprise life. The focus of optimization objectives differs for the convenience service platform at different stages. In this paper, the start-up stage, growth stage, and maturity stage are discussed, respectively. When Convenience Store A is in the start-up stage, the main aim of the convenience service platform is to increase its attraction to customers as well as boost the integration dimension, so it will pay more attention to the service level and the integration time; thus, the optimization parameters are set at λ1 = 0.30, λ2 = 0.20, λ3 = 0.10, λ4 = 0.40. The algorithm convergence results when the ant number is set at 300, and the operation batches at 300 are shown in Fig. 4. Based on the trend of ant convergence, SUP2 draws more attention when it is stable, indicating that alternative SUP2 offers more advantages for Convenience Store A than other laundry service suppliers do.
Convergence results (start-up stage)
When Convenience Store A has completed the transformation into a convenience service platform and enters the growth stage, it will focus on balancing the benefit of customers and suppliers; thus, the optimization parameters are set at λ1 = 0.30, λ2 = 0.30, λ3 = 0.20, λ4 = 0.20, and the algorithm convergence results are shown in Fig. 5. According to Fig. 5, SUP2 still enjoys an advantage at this stage.
Convergence results (growth stage)
When Convenience Service Platform A enters the maturity stage of development, customer stickiness and its negotiation ability with suppliers increase. It, thus, puts more focus on controlling integration cost and integration time; thus, the optimization parameters are set at λ1 = 0.15, λ2 = 0.15, λ3 = 0.40, λ4 = 0.30, and the algorithm convergence results are shown in Fig. 6. According to Fig. 6, SUP1 has the most attraction when the ants are in the stable condition, revealing that alternative SUP1 meets its need at this stage.
Convergence results (maturity stage)
We found through this case that the convenience service platforms may place different emphases on their optimization goals at different stages, and, therefore, set the proportion of each optimization objectives according to their own strategy and thus achieve their own proper optimization results.
This paper proposes a feasible approach for resource integration optimization of convenience service platforms under dynamic service modes. Since few studies are devoted to resource integration in dynamic service modes, this study yields a number of contributions to the current literature and practices.
Firstly, the theoretical contributions of this paper mainly lie in the following aspects. On the basis of a systematic literature review, the research gaps are highlighted. Given that few studies consider the influence of different service modes in the process of resource integration, given dynamic service modes, the present research question, how to optimize the integration of service resources under dynamic service modes, is proposed to eliminate the existing gap as much as possible. In addition, the procedure of the proposed method to the problem is straightforward and generally applicable to resource integration optimization problems of the convenience service platforms that adopt dynamic service modes.
Secondly, by combining dynamic service modes, the paper analyzes and explores key factors to be considered in service resource integration. In this way, it provides reference for convenience service platforms to locate key factors that facilitate the integration of service resources.
Thirdly, the proposed method can be used as reference for the resource integration of other products under dynamic service modes.
Lastly, given the nascent trend of convenience stores transforming into convenience service platforms, relevant literature concerning the optimization of resource integration is still in need. This paper makes a tentative study in this respect, and provides some practices and managerial insights. The approach under dynamic service modes can also be applied to other products.
However, the study has limitations. Its weighing of multiple targets in the optimization model is mainly based on the strategy of the convenience service platforms, and it does not consider the flexibility involved in the convenience service platforms' negotiations with service suppliers. By integrating advanced technologies, like big data and cloud computing, more accurate parameters can be obtained in future research, facilitating the optimization of resource integration.
All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article and its supplementary files.
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This work is supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (No.71872174).
Business School, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
Yang Yang & Jianming Yao
Jianming Yao
YY designed the study together with JY. YY drafted the initial manuscript, and the two authors made several rounds of revision together. Both authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Correspondence to Jianming Yao.
Yang, Y., Yao, J. Resource integration optimization of convenience service platforms adopting dynamic service modes in new retail. Front. Bus. Res. China 15, 2 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s11782-021-00101-0
Convenience service platforms
Dynamic service modes
Resource integration
Ant colony algorithm
Collaborative resources


text:
Alta Fixsler, 2-year-old on life support, has a visa to come to US for treatment. Will UK court let her go?
The case, reduced to its essence, pits current medical opinion against Alta's parents' Hasidic Jewish faith.
Royal Manchester Children's Hospital. Photo by David Martin/courtesy of Wikimedia/Creative Commons
Avi Shafran
(RNS) — A 2-year-old girl has been sentenced to death by a British court.
Alta Fixsler was not condemned for any crime she committed, but because British doctors and jurists feel that her best interests will be served by not allowing her to live.
Alta was born prematurely in 2018 and initially showed no signs of life. Doctors, however, resuscitated her and placed her on a ventilator. But Alta had been deprived of oxygen for too long and suffered serious brain and nerve damage. Physicians said the little girl had no hope of leading a normal life.
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Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, where Alta is currently being cared for, told Alta's parents that their daughter should be taken off life support and allowed to die. Doctors, they were told, had decided that Alta, tethered to a ventilator and requiring a feeding tube, was experiencing pain and had no quality of life.
Although a number of pediatric neurologists disagreed with Royal Manchester's contention that Alta was in pain, the hospital physicians petitioned the British High Court for permission to remove her life support.
In June, the court acceded to the hospital's request. Justice Alistair MacDonald ruled that, even though Israel was prepared to accept Alta, taking her abroad would expose her to further discomfort "for no medical benefit," and that moving the child would "expose Alta to further pain and discomfort."
"It cannot be said to be in Alta's best interests," the justice explained, "to be transferred to Israel for life sustaining treatment to continue."
Alta's parents are Hasidic Jews and Israeli citizens. (Her father holds American citizenship as well.) They and their son moved to England five years ago to be near the boy's grandparents. Their Jewish beliefs charge them with maintaining their daughter's life, no matter its quality.
The Fixslers contend that they have been encouraged by doctors abroad, who said there may be treatment options elsewhere that are not available in England's socialized health care system. Hospitals not only in Israel but in the U.S. have offered to take Alta into their care; and a medical charity, United Hatzalah Air, has offered to fly her to any destination. Sparing Alta's life would not cost the U.K.'s National Health Service a farthing.
And so the Fixslers appealed the court decision. But on July 9, the U.K.'s Court of Appeal affirmed the earlier court's ruling, asserting that the decision to remove Alta from life support was in the girl's best interests.
In effect, doctor-assisted suicide had evolved into doctor-assisted homicide, as taking Alta off life support comes against a patient's family's wishes — and religious beliefs.
Those beliefs stand in stark contrast with some secular contemporary ones. Princeton Professor Peter Singer has famously advocated the active killing of severely disabled babies, and similarly dispatching unconscious and incapacitated elderly people. He has put his beliefs in blunt terms, contending, in his book "Practical Ethics," that "The life of a newborn is of less value than the life of a pig, a dog or a chimpanzee."
That approach to life is diametric to what Judaism teaches, that all human life is invaluable and that newborns, including severely compromised children like Alta and the incapacitated and unresponsive elderly, are no less worthy of life and care than any healthy and active person.
Pleas to not disconnect Alta from her respirator have come in from countless citizens in the U.K., the U.S. and Israel. Israel's former president, Reuven Rivlin, has personally lobbied Prince Charles to intervene in the case.
Here in the U.S., New York Sen. Chuck Schumer secured a visa for Alta and sent a letter to Britain's ambassador to the U.S., Karen Pierce, demanding that no health decisions be taken against the family's wishes and that the family be allowed to travel to the U.S.
New Jersey Sens. Cory Booker and Robert Menendez followed up with a letter of their own to Pierce, saying their state's Phoenix Center for Rehabilitation and Pediatrics was ready and willing to take Alta in.
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Ten Republican senators also joined the effort, asking President Joe Biden to try to save Alta's life. "We are profoundly troubled," they wrote, "that the child of an American citizen is being treated this way, in a country with whom we have a deep alliance and special relationship. We urge you to advocate to Prime Minister Johnson on behalf of the Fixsler family."
The Fixslers are currently awaiting a hearing to determine if England's highest court, its Supreme Court, will hear their case. No date for the hearing has been set.
The case, reduced to its essence, pits religious beliefs against current medical opinion. Such conflicts have occurred many times on these shores, when parents, citing religious beliefs, have refused to allow their children to receive medical treatment. American law does not allow parents to prevent lifesaving treatment of their children.
In those cases, though, the parents are endangering a child's life.
In the Fixsler case, they are trying to save it.
(Rabbi Avi Shafran is director of public affairs for Agudath Israel of America, a national Orthodox Jewish organization. The views expressed in this commentary do not necessarily reflect those of Religion News Service.)
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Prime Inc. is one of the leading refrigerated, tanker, flatbed and intermodal carriers in North America. Offering everything from CDL training to company driver positions and opportunities for owner operators to participate in their lease plan, Prime is a popular choice with both new and veteran drivers alike.
If you're a rookie, you'll appreciate the company sponsored CDL training through the Prime trucking school, which can take you from the classroom to the road in no time. While you may have heard about Prime's training program, you may not know exactly what it entails and its requirements. Let's take a closer look at the company's training program.
The PSD program at Prime will help you obtain your CDL permit, and from here, you'll receive personalized training behind the wheel. The final step? Taking the state test.
The first step is to sign up for the program, and take the exam to obtain your CDL permit in Missouri. Prime offers a handy study guide to help you pass the exam on the first try.
Once you've obtained your permit, you can begin training at the Prime Training Center, which is located in Springfield, Missouri. At this point, you'll start working towards the 40,000 dispatched miles required (this includes food allowances, which will be paid with future earnings).
Drivers that have their permit will train with a certified CDL Instructor for about a month. This behind-the-wheel training will give you first-hand experience and a glimpse of what life is like on the road. Being able to train in a real world environment will better prepare you for your fist real day out on the job.
The goal at this stage is to help you develop the skills you need to pass the CDL exam.
Training lasts for 10,000 miles, and those miles will be put towards your 40,000-mile requirement.
Next, you'll take the final exam – the state Class A CDL test. If you pass, you'll obtain your CDL and HazMat endorsement.
You'll also receive certification and start off as a B2 trainee for the company.
All B2 drivers earn 14 cents per mile, and you're guaranteed $700 per week.
At this stage, you'll also complete the final 30,000 miles towards your 40,000 mile goal.
Prime's main training facility is called the Campus Inn. This is where you'll receive your CDL training as well as your orientation. The facility has a simulator training lab, classrooms, a café, a computer lab, hotel rooms, a driver lounge, a sleep lab and other amenities.
While you're undergoing orientation, you can enjoy free breakfast, lunch and dinner at the café.
Once you have your CDL and you've completed your 40,000 miles, you can begin working as a company driver.
Before you do that, you'll go through the ACE Orientation at Prime's Training Center. You'll be required to pass the skills test before you can enter your own truck.
Company drivers will earn 39.5 cents per mile ($850-$1,050 on average per week). Those who drive the ECO49 trucks will earn 44.5 cents per mile.
Refrigerated: Chicken, water, frozen foods, ice cream, fruit juice, seafood, produce and more.
Tanker: Cooking oil, wine, grape juice, cocoa butter, and more.
Flatbed: Steel plates, drywall, steel coils, pipe, structural steel, conditioning equipment, roofing material, and more.
Intermodal: May be refrigerated or flatbed.
While the list looks long, these are standard requirements from most companies in the trucking industry. Provided you have a good driving history and hold a valid driver's license, you should have no issue getting accepted into the training program. Recent Prime Trucking school reviews list no complaints for meeting school requirements.
Special testing and documents may be required if you have a heart condition.
Prime's goal is to not only ensure that they meet the demands and needs of their customers, but to also ensure that their drivers are not a danger to themselves or others on the road. To stay safe on the road, you need all of your senses to be in tip top shape, and good physical health prevents potentially dangerous episodes while you're behind the wheel.
How Much Does Prime's Trucking School Cost?
The first question most potential students ask: how much is this training going to cost me?
Nothing – well, close to nothing.
If you commit to driving with Prime for a year, the training will only cost you a one-time administrative fee of $155.
The training program is valued at $4,475, but tuition costs are waived after working with the company for one year.
Going through the company's CDL training is the best way to secure a driving position with the company. While Prime Inc. jobs are available to students who graduate from other trucking schools, the program offers a guaranteed position.
What Disqualifies You from Getting a CDL?