text:
Diary of a Ledger
The Avengers - Review
(Sorry, I still can't bring myself to say Assemble.)
Once in a while it's nice to go to the cinema and escape from the real world, get sucked into a fantasy so vibrant, so beautifully constructed you feel like you can touch it. Sat three rows back at the IMAX last night I felt like I could touch, smell and taste The Avengers. The 3D (post production) only added to the sense of immersion as the giant screen put Captain America and all so in my face I felt like my head might explode. It would have been a joyous explosion though, my grin splattered around the cinema.
The Avengers could so easily have been a much cherished ball dropped. There was much vocal concern over Joss Whedon as director, but many of us knew what the man was capable of with an ensemble cast. The worry was more that the studio would take over, not realising, once again, that Joss gets cool. Well, he gets geek cool and he gets that his heroes need to feel real. To be fair the preceding movies, with the possible exception of The Hulk franchise, have helped to set that up, but the balance between the headline acts is brilliantly executed. They all get one liners, they all get to kick the crap out of the bad guys and they also get room to breathe and grow. That's some achievement when you have six Avengers and Samuel L Jackson to juggle.
Hulk is the standout. Here he's both menacing (you'll jump out of your face) and heroic. Mark Ruffalo is the finest Banner yet, and lets face it, there's been a few. Best of all Whedon brings out the humour in the character and also lets Hulk loose. Properly loose. I'm still grinning at a couple of his best scenes a day later.
Iron Man is the coolest but you knew that. Awesome suit. Check. Best lines. Check. Nice beard. Check.
Captain America is the serious one, only recently defrosted in the movie's timeline, he's yet to establish himself as a leader, but the signs are there.
Thor? Thor is ace. But then they established that with the the Thor movie. Here we get more of him hitting people with his hammer. Who's not gonna like that?
There are others of course. Scarlett Johansson is Black Widow once again and we get a bit more of her back story and a great scene with her being interrogated early on in the movie with a kick ass resolution. Jeremy Renner is Hawk Eye, building on his brief appearance in Thor.
Best of all though, the movie is funny throughout. Even the evil Loki (Tom Hiddleston) gets some great lines. (He actually comes close to stealing the show, Hiddleston is clearly having a blast from start to finish.)
There's heart here, classic Whedon really and I kept smiling as I recognised him hitting those beats of his from way back when and he must be delighted to finally have a blockbuster under his belt that is so clearly his.
It's a superhero movie that knows how ridiculous each of its crazy premises are and doesn't give a toss. It's better for that. We know our heroes can't lose, but this is still edge of the seat action infused with brilliantly timed humour. There's so much to love, from the insane flying SHEILD base, to its relentless pace. Two hours and twenty minutes never went by so fast.
Even at what felt like a foot away I never lost track of what was happening in any action sequence and that wasn't from a lack of them being insanely hectic. Whedon keeps control, never asking the audience who just hit who or what just flew into what. There's a few directors that could learn from that. *Looks at Michael Bay*
I make no bones about being a Joss fan but I also love my comic book heroes. I loved them on the page when I was a kid and this, this was the best I have ever seen any of them brought to life. Truly outstanding.
Tag Film Review at 19:36 Posted by Gray Collins


Stop iOS Apps' Certificates from Being Revoked with Nesstool: We are using an application on our iOS device and we are really happy with it. Then one fine day we find that our favourite application is no longer working. We check the things and find out that its certificate has been revoked by Apple. We all know what happens with the apps that we side-load into our device. Their certificate remains valid for only 7 days and after that we are required to follow the entire procedure of side-loading once again to give the app a new lease of 7 days.
I know what it feels like! Irritating! Clumsy! Frustrating! and all similar adjectives can be used to describe the situation. But now there is a way to give a final end to this headache once and for all. That's what we are going to talk about today. Developers ar TutuApp have brought an app named as 'Nesstool' which acts like a VPN to bypass this process of revoking of app certificate from Apple.
Read ahead to get to know how to download and install Nesstool for iOS 11 | No More Revoking of App's Certificates. Do check: YouTube++ IPA iOS 11.1, iOS 11/10.3/1o+(iPhone/iPad) Without Jailbreak.
Once Nesstool is activated on an iOS device; it installs its VPN profile on the device.
This special VPN profile redirects all requests originating from Apple's authentication servers to an alternate server.
This prevents Apple from communicating with the revoked enterprise certificate.
Hence, the user can use all installed apps for an indefinite period of time.
This application is fully compatible in iOS operating systems ranging from iOS 9 to iOS 11.
Must Check: Top 10 iCloud Bypass Softwares to bypass iCloud Activation Lock 2017 Updated.
Following is the set of simple steps that will enable you to download and install Nesstool for iPhone/iPad Without Jailbreak.
Alternatively you can simply go to nesstool.com from Safari Browser and click on the Download button once the web page gets finished loading up.
If you are going through Tutu Helper you can simply find the app by its name through the search bar provided. Go through the details of the app and then hit the Install button to download it to your device.
You will get a second pop up. Just hit the 'Install' button once again and the download and installation procedure kick starts.
Once the app is installed don't launch it before trusting its profile in the Device and Management section.
Now when you launch the app you will find the following screen. Click to start protecting.
When you click another pop up window will come asking your permission to install Nesstool's VPN. Give your permission. Now the VPN Profile will be installed.
Congratulations!! Your device's apps are protected from getting their certificates revoked by Apple.
So folks these were the set of steps to protect your favorite apps from dying out and giving them a fresh lease of life.
Download WhatsApp++ iOS 11/10+ IPA on iPhone/iPad No Jailbreak.
Side-load iOS Apps on Windows/Mac Without Xcode/Jailbreak[*Cydia Impactor].
In case you face any problems while following the installation steps or any other additional issue during the usage of the application feel free to comment it down below and we will get you a working solution to your problem.


text:
Bluebox Security Raises $18 Million to Tackle Enterprise Mobile Threats
Tenaya Capital Joins Andreessen Horowitz, Andreas Bechtolsheim, and SV Angel in $18 Million Funding Round
Mike Lennon
Bluebox Security, a San Francisco, California-based mobile security company that has been operating in stealth mode since 2012, announced today that it has closed an $18 million Series B funding round.
The fresh injection of cash will be used to scale sales and marketing efforts, the company said.
The new funding brings the company's total amount raised to $27.5 million. Bluebox previously closed a $9.5 million Series A round in June 2012.
Bluebox co-founder and CEO Caleb Sima previously told SecurityWeek that the company was working on a "very unique solution to market that no one has seen today."
This week, Sima provided another tiny hint at what the company is working on. "Many companies have invested in mobile security solutions that focus on the device, but don't address the core issue of mobile security," Sima said. "We founded Bluebox with a unique approach to mobile security that focuses on what really matters—data."
Participants in the fudning round include new investor Tenaya Capital, along with previous investors Andreessen Horowitz, Sun Microsystems Co-founder Andreas Bechtolsheim, and SV Angel.
"Existing mobile security solutions are modeled on an outdated perspective of mobile use that does not meet current demand," said Brian Melton, Managing Director, Tenaya Capital. "As companies give employees more access to corporate information via mobile devices, they need a solution that meets the needs of both the business and employees. The strong endorsement across Bluebox's beta customers validates that Bluebox has developed an innovative mobile security solution that enterprises want."
"The BYOD movement has ushered in a new era—enterprises no longer control or manage the devices and services employees bring into the organization—fundamentally changing the way organizations must address security," said Scott Weiss, Partner, Andreessen Horowitz. "Boasting an exceptional team of veteran entrepreneurs with deep roots in information security, Bluebox is well positioned to quickly become the leader in this new frontier of mobile security."
The company is expected to make a product launch on Feb. 19, a company spokesperson told SecurityWeek.
Prior to launching Bluebox, Sima served as an "Entrepreneur in Residence" at Andreessen Horowitz. Sima also previously served as Chief Technology Officer for HP's Application Security Center after joining the company as a result of HP's acquisition of SPI Dynamics in 2007, a company he co-founded and as CTO oversaw development of WebInspect – a Web application security testing tool.
Co-founder Adam Ely was previously CISO of the Heroku business unit at salesforce.com. Prior to salesforce.com, Adam led security operations, application security, and compliance for TiVo. Before TiVo, he led security functions at Disney.
In July 2013, Bluebox was credited with discovering a serious vulnerability in Android, which would allow attackers to easily turn legitimate apps into Trojans, without affecting the cryptographic signature. In this SecurityWeek podcast, Ely discusses the flaw, which was called an Android Master Key Vulnerability.
Along with this latest funding round, Brian Melton from Tenaya Capital will join Bluebox Security's board of directors.
Written By Mike Lennon
For more than 10 years, Mike Lennon has been closely monitoring the threat landscape and analyzing trends in the National Security and enterprise cybersecurity space. In his role at SecurityWeek, he oversees the editorial direction of the publication and is the Director of several leading security industry conferences around the world.
More from Mike Lennon
'No Evidence' of Cyberattack Related to FAA Outage, White House Says
SecurityWeek to Host 2022 ICS Cybersecurity Conference October 24-27 in Atlanta
Google Completes $5.4 Billion Acquisition of Mandiant
Cybersecurity Firm ZeroFox Begins Trading on Nasdaq via SPAC Deal
HUMAN Security and PerimeterX Merge on Mission to Combat Bots
Last Call: CFP for ICS Cybersecurity Conference Closes July 15th
Johnson Controls Acquires Tempered Networks to Shield Buildings From Cyberattacks
Snowflake Launches Cybersecurity Workload to Find Threats Across Massive Data Sets
Tenable Launches $25 Million Early-Stage Venture Fund
Tenable has launched a $25 million venture fund to place bets on early-stage startups in the exposure management space.
Ryan Naraine5 days ago

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
9/34 'Kinkabool' Hanlan St, Surfers Paradise QLD
May 28, 2019 | For Sale
A listing history lesson today detailing the colourful yet little known Post-War development of Surfers Paradise as primo holiday destination and Googie-motel wonderland for a brief shining moment before a new slew of 'developers' saw fit to rid itself of such joy.
To wit – a penthouse apartment in the heritage listed (huzzah!) 'Kinkabool' (c.1959) designed by architect John Morton of firm Lund Hutton Newell Black & Paulsen. This rarity in its preservation success, is one of the few recognised landmarks of Mid-Century Modern apartment living scattered across the country, a contemporary to the 'Torbreck' in Brisbane, 'Domain Park' in Melbourne and 'Arlington' in Sydney. 'Kinkabool' was built in a time of acceleration for Surfers Paradise with the once sleepy wave spot catching the eye of many a suited and sunburnt entrepreneur, who then sought to make their own fortune with various and colourful attempts of built glamour and sparkle. Constructed four years after the rise of the very first Gold Coast motel, the legendary the El Dorado (demolished in the 80s) and two years after the dazzling Chevron (demolished 1987) only the 'Kinkabool' has presided over changing hands and times, the glitter, the grime, the downturn and development for the duration. It remains still intact, a lone sentinel of its era.
The present sellers would love to see the wonderful Mid-Century legacy of their now departed grandparents taken on and cherished by a new sun-seeker, perhaps someone who loves a bit of sand and shimmer and who knows the value of a protected penthouse when they see one.


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Negotiations, integration, and relationships (from beginning to end) successful acquisitions require financial and non financial understanding and monitoring.
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On your site or at our location.


Back Bay Books, 9780316012652, 384pp.
Nineteen original stories--including a new contribution by New York Times bestselling author Michael Connelly--about riveting showdowns between cops and criminals.
From Hawaii at the turn of the twentieth century to the post-Civil War frontier, from smoggy Los Angeles to the woods of Idaho, these gripping stories trace the perils and occasional triumphs of lawmen and -women who put themselves in harm's way to face down the bad guys. Some of them even walk the edge of becoming bad guys themselves.
In T. Jefferson Parker's "Skinhead Central," an ex-cop and his wife find unexpected menace in the idyllic setting they have chosen for their retirement. In Alafair Burke's "Winning," a female officer who is attacked in the line of duty must protect her own husband from his worst impulses. In Edward D. Hoch's "Friday Night Luck," a wanna-be cop blows his chance at a spot on the force--and breaks his case. In Michael Connelly's "Father's Day," Harry Bosch faces one of his most emotionally trying cases, investigating a young boy's death.
The magnificent and never-before-published Connelly story is alone worth the price of admission, and-combined with 18 unexpected tales from crime's modern masters-makes this an unmissable collection.
Michael Connelly, a #1 New York Times bestselling novelist and a former journalist, has won numerous crime fiction prizes. He lives in Florida.


Winter lanscape of the Rucar-Bran Corridor at sunset.	Dynamic clouds over remote village in winter. 4k timelapse.
View of Trei Brazi Chalet from Paraul Rece in winter.
Dynamic white clouds over Bucegi Mountains in winter. Mountains view in background and isolated houses in foreground. 4k timelapse.
Winter view of Bucegi Mountains. Dynamic clouds revealing white mountains in background and isolated houses in foreground. 4k timelapse.
Winter Transylvanian landscape near Bran at sunset.	Mountain countryscape during winter with grey clouds and isolated houses. 4k timelapse.
Winter grey clouds over remote village in Rucar-Bran Corridor. Close-up view of a fence in a mountain village during winter at sunset. 4k timelapse.
Postavaru Mountains seen from Paraul Rece in winter at sunset.	Panoramic view with dramatic sky at sunset over Postavaru Mountains, Romania. 4k timelapse.
Winter view of Piatra Craiului Mountains from Pestera village in the morning. White dynamic clouds over Patra Craiului in background and winter countryscape of Pestera village in foreground. 4k timelapse.
Morning light over Piatra Craiului Mountains in winter. View of Piatra Craiului Mountains from Pestera village, Romania. 4k timelapse.
Sunset view of Postavaru Mountains from Paraul Rece in winter.	Panoramic view with dramatic sky at sunset over Postavaru Mountains, Romania. 4k timelapse.
Aerial drone slow shot of deep valley in apuseni, Mountains, Romania.	Close view of limestone cliffs in Scarita Belioara Nature Reserve. 4k footage.
Aerial drone slow shot over Apold, a saxon village from Transylvania, Romania. Autumn countryside view in the foreground and impressive mountains in the background. 4k footage.
Aerial drone slow shot over shinny colorful trees in apuseni, Mountains, Romania.	View of beautiful shinny trees in Scarita Belioara Nature Reserve, Romania. 4k footage.
4k aerial drone shot over white clouds in apuseni, Mountains, Romania. Autumn view of the Aries Valley in early morning.
4k aerial drone flying backwards over limestone cliffs with shinny colorful trees.	High view of Scarita Belioara Nature Reserve in apuseni, Mountains, Romania.
View of Sibiu city lights in the night from Fagaras Mountains, Romania. Winter mountains in foreground and city lights in background. 4k timelapse.
Cloudy dynamic sky over mountain forests in winter. Mysterious mountain landscape in Transylvania, Romania. 4k timelapse.
Aerial drone slow shot over colorful trees and isolated houses in apuseni, Mountains, Romania.	Countryside view with early morning fog rising from Aries River. 4k footage.
Balea Lake in winter seen from above during night. Nightfall over Balea Lake. Snow and ice everywhere around. 4k timelapse.
Aerial drone slow shot over shinny colorful trees in apuseni, Mountains, Romania.	View of beautiful shinny trees and isolated houses in Scarita Belioara Nature Reserve, Romania. 4k footage.
Aerial drone slow shot over Aries Valley in autumn, Romania. Early morning countryside view in foreground and apuseni, Mountains in background. 4k footage.
4k time lapse of white clouds over Bran village, Romania.	Winter countryside in foreground and Bucegi Mountains in background.
Aerial drone slow shot over Viscri, a saxon village from Transylvania, Romania. Autumn fog rising and revealing saxon houses and colorful valleys.
Frozen mountain stream in winter in the Carpathian Mountains.	Close up 4k timelapse of ice in mountain river.
4k aerial drone slow shot near Sub Piatra village in apuseni,, Romania.	Countryside landscape with autumn forest and isolated houses in foreground and Apuseni Mountains in background.
Aerial drone slow shot over colorful trees and green valleys. 4k footage, Romania.	Landscape near Salciua, apuseni, Mountains in autumn with early morning fog rising from Aries River.
Bran castle at sunset in winter. Panoramic view with dramatic sky at sunset over Bran village, Romania. 4k timelapse.
4k aerial drone flying forward to the entrance of Huda of Papara Cave, Romania.	High view of limestone cliffs with shinny colorful trees in autumn.
4k aerial drone flying backwards over Turda Gorge nature reserve, Romania.	Turda Gorge nature reserve contains one of the richest and most scenic karst landscapes in Romania.
4k aerial drone flying backwards from the entrance of Huda of Papara Cave, Romania.	High view of limestone cliffs with shinny colorful trees in autumn.
Frozen grass at high altitude in Fagaras Mountains.	Close up shot of grass during winter. 4k timelapse.
Landscape of the Rucar-Bran Corridor in winter at sunset. Transylvania, Romania. Isolated houses in foreground and dynamic clouds over mountains in background. 4k timelapse.
Winter sunset in Fagaras Mountains at high altitude.	Colorful sky at sunset over white snow in mountains. 4k timelapse.
Winter sunset in Transylvanian mountains, Romania. Waves of low clouds rolling over Piatra Craiului Mountains, Carpathians, Romania. 4k time lapse.
Winter sunrise with amazing light over mountains and village. Isolated houses in foreground and Piatra Craiului panorama in background at sunrise. Piatra craiului Mountains are shaddowed by Bucegi Mountains. 4k timelapse.
Aerial drone slow shot over isolated houses from Sub Piatra Village in apuseni,.	Countryside landscape with autumn forest and isolated houses in foreground and Apuseni Mountains in background. 4k footage.
Aerial drone slow shot over transylvanian village with saxon houses and green grass.	Countryside view with Viscri, a saxon village from Transylvania, Romania. 4k footage.
Aerial drone slow shot revealing Vanatarile Ponorului nature reserve in apuseni, Mountains, Romania.	Vanatarile Ponorului is a natural reservation located in the south-western edge of the limestone ridge Bedeleu from Trascaului Mountains. 4k footage.
Yellow sky at sunset over mountainss and isolated houses. Transylvania, Romania.	Isolated houses in foreground and dynamic clouds over mountains in background. 4k timelapse.


text:
Ум Кульсум (араб. أم كلثوم, справжнє ім'я араб. فاطمة إبراهيم البلتاجي, Фатіма Ібрахім Елбельтагі; 4 травня 1904 — 3 лютого 1975) — єгипетська співачка.
 Ум-ель-Авсадж (англ. Um al-'Awsaj, араб. ام العوسج) — поселення в Сирії.
 Ум-ель-Буакі (вілаєт), Ум-ель-Буакі (араб. ولاية أم البواقي) — вілаєт Алжиру.
 Ум-ель-Косур (англ. Um Elqosur, араб. أم القصور) — поселення в Сирії.
 Ум-ас-Самаа (араб. أم الصمعة) — село в Тунісі у муніципалітеті Сук-Ляхад вілаєту Кебілі.
 Бун Ум, Принц Бун Ум На Тямпасак (лаос. ບຸນອຸ້ມ ນະ ຈຳປາສັກ; 2 грудня 1912 — 17 березня 1980) — лаоський державний діяч, член королівської родини (син короля Ратсаданая).
 Ум-Гені (араб. أم هاني) — село в Тунісі, у вілаєті Бізерта.
 Ум Вон Сан (кор. 엄원상, нар. 6 січня 1999, Кванджу) — південнокорейський футболіст, півзахисник клубу «Кванджу».
 Ум-ель-Буакі (араб. أم الـبـواقي, фр. Oum El Bouaghi) — місто на північному сході Алжиру.
 Ума Турман, У́ма Ту́рман (повне ім'я: У́ма Кару́на Те́рмен, англ. Uma Karuna Thurman, нар. 29 квітня 1970, Бостон, США) — американська акторка.
 Ум-ер-Расас (араб. أم الرّصاص) (Кастром-Меф'а, Кастрон-Меф'а) — археологічний ландшафт, який включає пам'ятники давньоримського, візантійського та раннього мусульманського періодів.
 Ум Джи Ин (кор. 엄 지은; нар. 18 травня 1987(19870518), Інчхон) — південнокорейська борчиня вільного стилю, бронзова призерка чемпіонату Азії, учасниця Олімпійських ігор.
 Ум (річка) — річка в Томському районі Томської області Росії.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


A five-year campaign to boost the number of UN female peacekeepers is progressing steadily in police units, but "seems to be stuck" at a minuscule percentage in military contingents, Lt-Col Alejandro Alvarez of the UN Department of Peacekeeping Operations (DPKO), told IRIN.
The UN Secretariat has repeatedly emphasized the proven benefits of having more female peacekeepers, especially in regions where sexual violence has been or still is a serious problem, but there are hiccups.
"The Secretary-General can set any number [of female peacekeepers], but ... It depends on the will of the countries that are contributing the troops. They say, 'We don't have enough female troops, so we cannot send them'; there is also always the case of countries having the women, and just not sending them, but that is an internal problem," Alvarez, a personnel officer, said.
The advantages of a strong presence of female peacekeeper in conflict and post-conflict zones include creating a safer space for girls and women who have suffered sexual violence, said Marianne Mollman, advocacy director of women's rights at Human Rights Watch, a global watchdog organization.
UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon launched a campaign in August 2009 to lift the percentage of women peacekeepers to 20 percent in police units by 2014, and to 10 percent in military contingents.
Yet only 2.3 percent of the 88,661 military peacekeepers serving in 17 different missions are women, whereas in 2008 they made up 2.18 percent of military contingents, Alvarez said. Approximately 8.2 percent of the 13,221 UN police are women, a figure that jumped from 6.5 percent in April.
In 2000, Resolution 1325 of the UN Security Council called on the Secretary-General to "progress on gender mainstreaming throughout peacekeeping missions and all other aspects related to women and girls."
Subsequent Security Council resolutions outlined more comprehensive methods for using peacekeeping missions to protect women and girls from sexual violence in conflict and post-conflict zones, including increasing the number of women peacekeepers.
The first all-female Formed Police Unit (FPU), deployed in Liberia in 2007, made a substantial difference to the women victimized in rampant sexual violence during the country's civil war, said Lea Angela Biason, a DPKO gender affairs associate.
The UN Mission in Liberia noted that after the deployment of Indian female peacekeepers, the percentage of women in the national police force rose from 13 percent in 2008 to 15 percent in 2009.
Women police were often placed in the front lines in riots, as they can reportedly help calm raucous crowds, Biason said, and the presence of women in uniform also appeared to encourage Liberian women to report instances of sexual violence.
The UN Secretariat plans to send an all-female FPU from Bangladesh to Haiti, where reports of sexual violence in the camps for internally displaced persons abound.
Nigeria deploys the second-greatest number of female peacekeepers - 349 women out of 4,951 troops - and has announced plans to send an all-female FPU to Liberia.
In Darfur, western Sudan, 136 female police officers from Ghana, Gambia, Tanzania, Namibia, Zimbabwe and Bangladesh have joined the UN Mission there since February, Biason said. Nearly 200 female police officers in Rwanda recently passed a test qualifying them for deployment.
Comfort Lamptey, a gender adviser to DPKO, told IRIN that gender scenarios in troop-contributing countries were reflected in the peacekeepers they sent. "If we look globally, you see more women in national police units than you do in the military - the countries then have more women to send for their [peacekeeping] police units."
Alvarez said countries that could send women sometimes refrained out of concern about the conditions they would be working under, and it was not always certain that they would be working alongside their male counterparts.
Women might constitute 20 percent of peacekeeping units by 2014, but Lamptey acknowledged that some officials thought it "completely unrealistic" to try replicating this on the military front.
"It's a work in progress," she said. "A lot of member states are beginning to understand that when it comes to peacekeeping missions, you really do need to have both women and men in the military and police equally represented; they are beginning to understand the merits of that."


text:
How did travel and marriage spread renaissance ideas
New Ways of Spreading Information in the Renaissance
A Revolution in Communications
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Forms of Communication in the Renaissance
The Gutenberg Printing Press
Lesson Summary
HOW DID THE IDEAS OF THE RENAISSANCE SPREAD?
WHY WAS THE RENAISSANCE SLOW TO SPREAD AT FIRST?
WHY DID THE RENAISSANCE EVENTUALLY SPREAD OUT OF ITALY?
Chris has a master's degree in history and teaches at the University of Northern Colorado.
The Renaissance era was a time of both social and technological advances, including a revolution in the ways of communications. Discover the forms of communication in the Renaissance including the Gutenberg printing press, which allowed books to become more affordable for people. Updated: 10/30/2021
The idea of a communications revolution is something we should all be familiar with. I mean, right now you're taking a course over the Internet. I'm also willing to bet you use social media and/or a smart phone. Spreading information is something we understand.
During a period of immense social and technological change and innovation that lasted from roughly 1300 to 1600, called the Renaissance, communication was also a huge deal. But instead of smart phones, the information revolution of the Renaissance was centered around the idea of printing.
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0:00 A Revolution in Communications
0:30 Forms of Communication
1:06 The Gutenberg Printing Press
3:12 Lesson Summary
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The Renaissance was all about the visual. Things were made to be seen, which made them ideal for communicating political, social, and religious messages. Around 1300, a new, very wealthy merchant class developed, which sponsored huge building projects and enormous wall and ceiling paintings called frescoes. These murals were painted in prominent parts of churches and other buildings so that many people could see them.
The culture of the Renaissance was focused on communication, and the big development was the invention of the printing press. A printing press is a machine that uses stamps with letters to print words. Asia had the printing press since the 11th century, and Europe had basic forms of the press from the 14th century.
Around 1439 to 1450, the German goldsmith and printer, Johannes Gutenberg, developed a new system of printing with metal movable letters, called movable type. Movable type allowed for assembly-line style printing.
Gutenberg's printing press changed printing. Suddenly, printers could print up 3,600 pages per day. That's a lot of pages. Before the printing press, most books were hand-written, often by monks. They took a long time to make, were expensive, and only the rich could afford to buy them.
With the Gutenberg press, books could be printed daily. More importantly, books could be made cheaply, and many more people could afford them. With more books, education rose. The presses printed classical works of literature, philosophy, engineering, and poetry that hadn't been widely read since the ancient Romans and Greeks. By 1480, 100 cities in Europe had printing presses.
The Gutenberg movable type printing press made information more available and easier to spread. If we compare hand-written books to snail mail (both are forms of communication that spread a little information at a slow pace), then the printing press was the Renaissance-era version of e-mail and Internet search engines. And just like today, giving people access to information equals change.
In 1455, the Christian Bible was printed on the movable type press. Called the Gutenberg Bible, it made the Bible something that anybody could own and read for themselves. Suddenly, people started debating whether or not the Catholic Church was teaching and living by the Bible correctly. This led the German priest Martin Luther to print and distribute a pamphlet of protests against the Church called the Ninety-Five Theses. Thanks to the printing press, Martin Luther's pamphlet was distributed quickly and widely, and it started the Protestant Reformation.
Think of how, very recently, social media and texting has changed the way we interact. Well, the printing press had the same effect. With the presses, people could spread their own ideas, challenge each other, unite around shared principles, and reject ideas they disagreed with. Eventually, the communications revolution of the Renaissance led to the creation of nationalism, or people unified together under a shared national identity.
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During a period of social and technological innovation in Europe called the Renaissance, there began a communications revolution. It was centered around the printing press, which allowed people to share ideas, communicate, and express themselves more often and more efficiently. In many ways, it was comparable to the communications revolution that we've experienced in the past few years with the Internet and social media.
Around 1450, the German printer, Johannes Gutenberg, developed a new press with a movable type, which allowed for much faster printing. This invention changed everything, making books affordable, which in turn created a new intellectual culture that valued education. Ideas spread much more quickly and created important changes in the social fabric of the time. For example, when Martin Luther's protests against the Catholic Church, the Ninety-Five Theses, were distributed across Europe, it sparked what is known today as the Protestant Revolution. The printing press changed how people communicated, something we still feel the impact of today.
As you come to the end of the video, you should be able to:
Recall what the Renaissance was
Describe how the Gutenberg press impacted the Renaissance
Explain the changes in communication throughout the Renaissance
To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member.
The Renaissance is an important event in European history that stretched from the 14th century to the 17th century. It was preceded by the Middle Ages in Europe and eventually led to the major events of the Age of Enlightenment. In historical terms the Renaissance is important because it led to a major shift in European thought and worldview. This shift eventually led to the developments of the Enlightenment and set the stage for the modern western worldview. While the Renaissance is considered to have begun in the city-states of the Italian peninsula in the 14th century, the main ideas of the movement eventually spread to all of Europe by the 16th century. The most significant changes that emerged as a result of the Renaissance can be seen in European architecture, art, literature, mathematics, music, philosophy, politics, religion and science. Intellectual thought in these fields flourished during the timeframe of the Renaissance and led to many people questioning long held beliefs about each. This created an environment of discovery and curiosity in which new ideas were constantly being introduced and tested. Historians have been studying how, where and when the ideas of the Renaissance spread from its start in Italy to the rest of Europe.
As stated above, the Renaissance first began on the Italian peninsula in the 14th century but later spread to the rest of Europe. The Renaissance first began in Italy due to a number of identified causes, such as: increased interaction between different cultures, the rediscovery of ancient Greek and Roman texts, the emergence of humanism, different artistic and technological innovations, and the impacts of conflict and death. However, initially the new ideas and perspectives of the Italian Renaissance were slow to spread out of Italy for several reasons, including: the rigidity of feudalism, conflicts and war, geography, and the influence of the Roman Catholic Church in Europe.
Feudalism was a form of government common during medieval Europe that involved society being structured in a very rigid and hierarchical way. It was popular in European society from the 9th century until the 15th century and was the form of government in which the country was dominated by an absolute monarch, in which all power was held within a single king. The monarch would rule over the country while the rest of the people were bound by a hierarchical system in which people were placed into classes in which they were born. For example, under feudalism, most people were peasants who worked tirelessly on farms of local lords. Feudalism was much more present in European society outside of Italy which caused the ideas of the Renaissance to spread slowly. This was because Feudal society was not as open to new ideas as the city-states that existed in Italy at the time. Powerful nobles and monarchs used the feudal system to keep out any new ideas that had the potential to threaten their wealth and authority in society.
The second reason that the Renaissance spread out of Italy slowly at first was the continuous conflicts and wars that occurred in the late Middle Ages and early Renaissance. For example, the Hundred Years' War was a series of conflicts in Northern Europe between the kingdoms of France and England that occurred from 1337 to 1453. The war was fought over the control of territory in France and ultimately involved multiple kingdoms in western and northern Europe going to war. As a result, these regions were not as open to change and new ideas because they were preoccupied with constant conflict. As well, the Hundred Years' war would have made travel between the different kingdoms in western Europe difficult and thus slowed the spread of scholars and artists who had the potential to spread the ideas of the Renaissance.
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The third reason for the slow movement of Renaissance ideas out of Europe was the geography of northern Italy. Travel in the Late Middle Ages and early Renaissance time periods was difficult and treacherous but the isolated nature of the Italian peninsula made it particularly difficult for people and ideas to travel north to the rest of Europe. First, Italy is a peninsula meaning it is surrounded by the waters of the Mediterranean Sea on three sides. This obviously made travel over land impossible and limited the vast majority of people from reaching new areas.
Also, northern Italy contains the Alps which is the largest mountain range in all of Europe. This also limited ground travel as movement through the Alps at the time was a difficult task. As such, the natural geography of Italy limited the ability of Renaissance ideas to spread to the rest of Europe.
The final reason for the slow spread of the Renaissance from Italy to the other regions of Europe is the influence of the Roman Catholic Church. Catholicism and the authority of the Catholic Church played a major role in the lives of people throughout Europe. In fact, from 1309 to 1376 the Roman Catholic Church was located in Avignon, France instead of in Rome. This situation increased the influence of the church in mainland Europe. This is important because the Catholic Church was not necessarily open to the new ideas and changing worldview of the Renaissance in Italy and instead wanted to maintain the situation in Europe that had existed throughout the earlier Middle Ages. As a result, this caused many people in places such as western Europe to be less open to the ideals of the Renaissance.
 While the Renaissance was slow to spread at first, for the reasons mentioned above, it eventually did spread to the other regions of Europe. As such, historians have identified several reasons for why and how the Renaissance did reach the other kingdoms of the continent, including: a period of peace, innovations in art and publishing, and migrations of people.
First, the Renaissance ideas spread to Europe more quickly once several of the major conflicts had ended. For example, the Hundred Years' War was a series of conflicts in Northern Europe between the kingdoms of France and England that occurred from 1337 to 1453. As stated previously, the war was fought over the control of territory in France and ultimately involved multiple kingdoms in western and northern Europe going to war. As a result, these regions were not as open to change and new ideas at the time because they were preoccupied with constant conflict. This slowed or prevented the spread of the Renaissance ideas in the earlier years of the Renaissance. However, when the Hundred Years' War ended in the mid-15th century it allowed the ideas of the Italian Renaissance from the 14th century to extend north and west to other parts of Europe. As such, Europe experienced a relative period of peace in the 15th century after earlier centuries of war which allowed for more interaction, trade a travel which helped the new ideas to spread.
The second reason for why the spread of the Renaissance eventually sped up was due to innovations in publishing and art. In terms of publishing, the printing press was one of the most significant innovations in all of world history. German blacksmith, goldsmith and printer Johannes Gutenberg developed the first printing press in the mid-1400s and it quickly had a profound impact on the events of the Renaissance (as well as later events such as the Enlightenment). Prior to the printing press, books and other literature were created through a varied assortment of methods (woodblock press, etc.) which were all labor intensive and slow. Gutenberg's invention was the development of a hand mold that allowed for precise movable type. This meant that he perfected the process of making movable type pieces for easily and quickly constructing type-font documents. This sped up the printing process and made it extremely affordable, which allowed for an explosion in the publishing and printing of books. For example, the Gutenberg Bible was the first book to be mass produced on the Gutenberg printing press. The invention and use of the printing press in Europe was important for the Renaissance because it allowed new ideas and worldviews to spread across the continent more easily. At its core, the Renaissance was about new ideas (such as humanism) overthrowing old views and customs (such as religious beliefs and practises and feudal traditions). Therefore, the invention of the printing press allowed these new ideas to spread and further enhance the overall Renaissance.
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Source https://study.com/academy/lesson/new-ways-of-spreading-information-in-the-renaissance.html
Source https://www.historycrunch.com/how-did-the-ideas-of-the-renaissance-spread.html
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A BEI has not been established for carbon tetrachloride by the ACGIH. Measurement of carbon tetrachloride and its metabolites in expired air has been the most convenient way to determine exposure (ATSDR, 1994). Carbon tetrachloride can also be detected by gas chromatography in blood and serum, which may also be used as an indicator of exposure. Any detectable blood concentration indicates exposure, but concentrations do not correlate well with adverse health effects (ATSDR, 1992b).
Carbon tetrachloride has been studied extensively and most of the present understanding of metabolism by the liver and toxic effects on the liver by other agents has resulted from these studies. For a comprehensive view of the hepatic mechanisms and effects see Plaa (1986). Carbon tetrachloride is a CNS depressant and a mild anaesthetic agent. It can cause fatal damage to the liver and/or kidneys in both acute and chronic exposure. After acute exposure hepatic and/or renal dysfunction, may be delayed in onset for several days. CNS depression does not always precede the onset of nephrotoxicity or hepatotoxicity. Diverse effects on other organs are likely to be secondary to CNS, liver or kidney damage (ATSDR, 1992a). Carbon tetrachloride is no longer used as a solvent because of awareness of the risk of hepatorenal toxicity and the ready availability of less hazardous solvents. It is used primarily as a chemical intermediate (Reid, 2001).
Carbon tetrachloride causes fatty degeneration of the liver and centrilobular necrosis (Recknagel et al., 1989, Chyker et al., 2000). Biochemical evidence of hepatic injury often includes greatly elevated activities of transaminases and a variety of other hepatic enzymes in plasma. The main histological abnormalities include hepatic steatosis and hepatic centrilobular necrosis. As hepatic injury develops, signs of renal damage may also be observed and may dominate the clinical picture; renal failure is the most frequent cause of death.


Well. It's officially been fall for a week. I feel...happier, freer, lighter. As I've mentioned to anyone that will listen my whole life - autumn is my favorite season. Hands down. I had a lovely summer this year; I really, truly did. Several trips, more than enough concerts, precious memories made with cherished friends, but now it's time for all things pumpkin - dusk, scented candles, hot cider, sweet potato pie, and everything scary and beautiful.
As always, self-reflection is on my mind. In this season of harvest, what is my personal harvest? What have I brought into manifestation this year? How can I celebrate myself for hard work completed this year? My personal emotional harvest has been bountiful this year. I've really invested in the relationships that are important to me; I've taken time to discern which relationships feed me and what relationships allow me to feed into them. I am so emotionally fulfilled and nourished. Last fall I ended regular therapy with my therapist - we both agreed I was ready to move on. I have taken special care to make sure that my mental health is still a priority, since I'm "on my own" now. I feel better than I ever have as an adult. I've spent this last year nurturing myself; and I can see the results - not just in my relationships or my outlook, but in little things; like how often I'm able to do the things I enjoy, the size of my waistline, how rarely I feel the need to vent, the way others respond to me and my energy. I've manifested many things this year; work I love, more opportunities professionally and socially, my "ideal" body - my life is the closest it's ever been to what I imagined my life would be like as a child. How will I celebrate? I practice gratitude every day for at least five minutes morning and night; I never want to lose sight of the things I have. I will spend this season reveling in my bounty.
This fall I'm really focusing on just enjoying life - it's been a really weird year, I think we can all agree, and I'd rather end this year on a high note with optimism for what's ahead than go all Game of Thrones "Winter is Coming". I'm thinking a lot about texture - chunky sweaters, smooth faux leathers, soft velvets - and translating those textures into actions and emotions. Giving warmth and softness to those I love. Lots of writing. Warm drinks and pastries. Tricks and treats. Sad new wave songs. Old movies. Really focusing on what I love and letting everything else fall away like an old crunchy orange leaf. Settling in for the winter ahead.
What are you looking forward to? Feel free to hit the comments.
All images are courtesy of pinterest and weheartit and belong to their respective owners.


The main attraction in Chau Doc is the Sam Mountain, which is about seven kilometres north of town. The mountain is not really high, it just seems that way because of the plains of Mekong. This tourist destination is considered a local pilgrimage site because the mountain is home to many shrines and temples and there is a colourful temple at the base, and smaller places of worship on the way up the mountain. However, the most religiously significant is the Ba Chua Xu Temple, which has its own festival held between April and June.
An attraction history lovers would surely appreciate is the Tuc Dup Hill. This is where the U.S. forces failed to stop the small-scale insurgencies in the delta. The hill was guarded and dominated by the Viet Cong during the U.S. assault, which lasted for four months. Near the hill, one will see graves and memorials.
Another attraction worth visiting in Chau Doc is the Tra Su Bird Sanctuary. It has a 23-metre high observation tower, enabling visitors to see over the reserve and the stunning countryside that surrounds it.
Everyone who visits Chau Doc must go on a boat trip and an experience in this town would not be complete without it. Those who are interested to go on this trip will have no difficulty; all one has to do is walk along the Bassac River in the direction of the Victoria Chau Doc Hotel; here, there are many people who will persuade tourists to hire the boat to go out and see the fish farms. The best time to go on a boat trip is in the early morning, so that one can catch the river market.
Chau Doc can also be a place of relaxation. In the aforementioned Victoria Hotel, there is a rooftop spa and there are massage therapies that last for less than an hour, which is perfect for tourists who do not have a lot of time in their hands. Those who can stay longer should try the Relaxation Package (three days/two nights). The spa is open from 09:00 to 21:00.
To get to Chau Doc, one can go either by bus or boat. Local buses depart and arrive from the station a few kilometres north in Le Loi. As for the boats, there are those which travel from Chau Doc to Phnom Penh and vice versa; these boats leave at 07:00 and they arrive at 16:30. People also have the option of travelling by motorbike; there are motorbikes that run along the Vietnam/Cambodia border near Tinh Bien, which is about 30km from Chau Doc.
An Giang, where Chau Doc is located, experiences two seasons: wet and dry. The wet season is from May until November; the dry season is from December until April. The best time to visit Chau Doc is during the dry season, a time when tourists will not be inconvenienced by rainy weather.
There are only a few banks in Chau Doc. For currency exchange, the best place to go to is the Victoria Chau Doc Hotel.


Dena leads service in Bathore, Albania.
Albania is a small country in the Balkan Peninsula with a rich religious history. Historically, there have been two traditional churches: the Albanian Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church. Five centuries of rule under the Ottoman Empire encouraged conversion to Islam. Most recently, from 1944 to 1991, Albania was controlled by a communist government that outlawed all forms of worship. In 1967, the Head of State, Enver Hoxha, declared Albania the world's first atheist state. Preaching religion could result in imprisonment or death.
With the end of communism in 1991, religion was allowed again and missionaries from Europe and the US began arriving. In 1993, Danish missionaries met with a group of women and their children in homes for Bible study, singing, and prayer. In that group was Dena Fortuzi and her mother. This group was the seed for what is now the Lutheran Moravian Church of Albania (Kisha Luterane e Moraviane e Shqiperise). It is supported by two worldwide evangelistic churches: The Moravian Church and the Lutheran Church.
Over the years the church grew (approximately 300 members now), and in 2010 the church became a part of the Moravian Church European Province. Dena grew with the church and is now a leader of young people, a board member, and a leader in the church. Dena continues to grow, hearing a call to be a minister and then, after four years of prayer, taking steps toward that call.
And the journey is ongoing. The Seminary has been working with leaders of the European Province to develop the academic program for Dena's Certificate in Moravian Studies to undergird her ordination. In addition, Dena receives financial support for her academic work from Seminary scholarships for international students and from the Home Moravian Church Albanian Task Force and the Moravian Unity Women's Board.
"Last fall, I started studying Moravian theology in Bethlehem in Pennsylvania at the Moravian Theological Seminary and I was a distance learner.
I was very worried before the first class because, of course--a new experience, I didn't know how I would feel. I was concerned of feeling a stranger, yeah. But again God helped me overcome this concern. Because during the first class, Craig said, "Just for you to know, the answer in this class is always Jesus." So this was enough to make me overcome the worry and since that day I have been looking so much forward to every coming class.
This spring, I studied Moravian History, again with Professor Craig Atwood, and to my surprise and great happiness also, I was awarded the best student prize in Moravian History. It was a real surprise. And it was not about the prize, but it was about the whole journey because it has been a great experience. It has been touching, it has been . . . In terms of knowledge, I have I feel so much grown. And this year has contributed so much for my spiritual growth. And I will always be so thankful to Craig Atwood because he has been amazing in the way that he transmitted me both knowledge and what I had need for in terms of answering my call of becoming a minister.
The Moravian Church is a living church and I know this by now. It's not that I didn't know this before a year ago, but I now know for sure. It is a church that inspires me, a church that gives me motivation and it is there that I find myself."


text:
set -euo pipefail

Describe 'apps'

  setup() {
    org=$(generate_test_name_with_spaces)
    space=$(generate_test_name_with_spaces)
    app_name=$(generate_test_name_with_hyphens)

    source=$(get_source_config "$org" "$space") || error_and_exit "[ERROR] error loading source json config"

    test::login
    test::create_org_and_space "$org" "$space"
  }

  teardown() {
    test::delete_org_and_space "$org" "$space"
    test::logout
  }

  BeforeAll 'setup'
  AfterAll 'teardown'

  It 'can push an app without starting'
    push_app_no_start() {
      local fixture=$(load_fixture "static-app")
      local config=$(
        %text:expand
        #|$source
        #|params:
        #|  command: push
        #|  app_name: $app_name
        #|  path: $fixture/dist
        #|  disk_quota: 64M
        #|  memory: 64M
        #|  no_start: true
      )
      put "$config"
    }
    When call push_app_no_start
    The status should be success
    The output should json '.version | keys == ["timestamp"]'
    The error should include "Pushing app"
    Assert test::is_app_stopped "$app_name" "$org" "$space"
  End

  It 'can start an app'
    start_app() {
      local config=$(
        %text:expand
        #|$source
        #|params:
        #|  command: start
        #|  app_name: $app_name
      )
      put "$config"
    }
    When call start_app
    The status should be success
    The output should json '.version | keys == ["timestamp"]'
    The error should include "Starting app"
    Assert test::is_app_started "$app_name" "$org" "$space"
  End

  It 'can stop an app'
    stop_app() {
      local config=$(
        %text:expand
        #|$source
        #|params:
        #|  command: stop
        #|  app_name: $app_name
      )
      put "$config"
    }
    When call stop_app
    The status should be success
    The output should json '.version | keys == ["timestamp"]'
    The error should include "Stopping app"
    Assert test::is_app_stopped "$app_name" "$org" "$space"
  End
End

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Sex and relationship education must improve
Jo pressed the Minister on statutory sex and relationship education
Better sex and relationship education in schools should be at the centre of efforts to tackle health and relationship issues among young people.
That was the message from Jo Swinson today after she quizzed the Schools Minister on plans to reform sex education.
Speaking in the House of Commons to Minister for Schools Jim Knight, Jo said:
"When half of young women report that they know of at least one girl who has been pressurised into having sex with her boyfriend, surely the Minister agrees that it has never been more important for every young person to have access to high-quality education about sex and relationships."
Commenting after the debate, Jo said:
"Too often, young people are growing up without healthy expectations and boundaries where sex and relationships are concerned. With major issues around sexual health, teenage pregnancy and violence against women to be tackled, it is hugely important that we get sex and relationship education right for both boys and girls.
"The Government has announced a review of sex and relationship education in schools, which is welcome. However, given the importance of providing high-quality sex and relationship education to every child, it must be made statutory so no young person misses out."


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text:
is a private junior college in Takayama, Gifu, Japan, established in 1961.

External links
 Official website

Educational institutions established in 1961
Private universities and colleges in Japan
Universities and colleges in Gifu Prefecture
Japanese junior colleges
1961 establishments in Japan


CRC offers courses in Deaf Studies designed to introduce students to Deaf Culture and American Sign Language Studies. Students learn basic skills to enable them to communicate with members of the deaf community. Moreover, students learn about deaf culture such as cultural behaviors and values.
NOTE: Transferable courses may or may not satisfy lower division major preparation, general education, and/or elective requirements. Please meet with a counselor for specific transfer course evaluation.


text:
For Immediate Release: March 6, 2003
Americans Need to Become Fully Informed about
the Federal Medical Privacy Rule
(Washington, D.C.)—With the April 14 deadline fast approaching for the Federal Medical Privacy Rule to take effect, Americans need to become fully informed about the Rule and how it affects individuals' control over the flow of their personal health information, said a panel of experts today at the National Press Club.
"Citizens need to become armed with the facts about this historic Rule," said Sue Blevins, president of the Institute for Health Freedom. "I strongly encourage all citizens—including the media and policymakers—to read this important document themselves. They'll see that under this new Rule, citizens actually lose the precious freedom to give or withhold consent regarding the release of their personal health information to many persons for many purposes."
"What's more, individuals won't be able to find out if their personal health information—including genetic information—has been released to the more than 600,000 'covered entities' that are granted legal access to patients' health information without individuals' consent," Blevins continued. "This means that health insurers, data-processing companies, hospitals, and other organizations will be able to access individuals' health information, but citizens won't know this is happening."
"The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services has been claiming that the Rule empowers patients by giving them more control over how their personal health information is used and disclosed, but unfortunately that is not true," said Robin Kaigh, a New York attorney who has been tracking the medical privacy issue for the past seven years and has analyzed the Rule from the patient's perspective. "Instead of empowering patients, the Rule does just the opposite. It gives the federal government and health-care industry the power to decide who should look at patients' medical records."
"So much of what our national leaders are doing now is based on fear rather than knowledge. And in the process we are in danger of sacrificing the individual freedoms our forefathers fought to give us. What we choose to do today will define who we are as a nation for many years to come," added Barbara Loe Fisher, president of the National Vaccine Information Center.
Kent Snyder, executive director of The Liberty Committee, stressed that "Americans need to think about the long-term effects of the Rule and its connection to ID numbers." He explained that although Congress has temporarily delayed federal funding for unique health identifiers, the law for such numbers remains on the books. "Mandatory health-care ID numbers combined with the Federal Medical Privacy Rule is a recipe for massive privacy invasions," said Snyder.
The Federal Medical Privacy Rule can be accessed online at:
www.ForHealthFreedom.org/Publications/Privacy/Rule.html


text:
150 Jobs Coming to South Bronx at Software Testing Center
By Eddie Small |&nbspJuly 9, 2014 3:48pm
@eddie_small
The upcoming software center in the Bronx is expected to bring 150 jobs to the borough.
Jerome Dazzell
PORT MORRIS — A piece of Silicon Alley is coming to The Bronx.
An IT job training nonprofit plans to open a massive software testing center in Port Morris this fall that will bring 150 jobs to the area.
Per Scholas, which is based in The Bronx, and the IT consulting company Doran Jones plan to open the roughly $1 million, three-story, 90,000-square-foot software testing center at 804 E. 138th St., near Willow Avenue.
Starting wages for the jobs will be $35,000 with benefits, and 80 percent of hires will be Per Scholas graduates.
Doran Jones also plans to move from its location on Water Street in lower Manhattan to The Bronx this fall so it can be closer to the software testing center, which may lead to about five or 10 job openings as well, likely in recruiting and office management.
About 40 percent of Per Scholas graduates come from the Bronx, and about 15, 25, 15 and 5 percent come from Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens and Staten Island, respectively. Angie Kamath, executive director of the New York site, said she expected the jobs to be distributed along roughly the same lines.
"The entry level software testers will all be sourced through Per Scholas," she said.
Senior testing managers will likely come from outside of Per Scholas, as they will need more years of experience, according to Kamath. However, the plan is to have the nonprofit's graduates rise to the manager level after spending a few years working.
Keith Klain, co-CEO of Doran Jones, hopes to see the center eventually expand to offer 500 jobs, but he stressed that the standard of hiring 80 percent of workers who are Per Scholas graduates would stay the same as it grows.
"A lot of folks who are based in the community will actually get access to the jobs, which they wouldn't ordinarily," said Klain.
The project will be named the Urban Development Center, and Klain anticipates having the space available for work in September, with a ribbon cutting in October.
The name is meant to reflect the software center's location in New York City.
"Most people call their locations with vendors in other countries 'offshore development centers,'" Klain said in an email, "so seeing as we are building in The Bronx, we opted to call it an 'Urban Development Center.'"
Per Scholas was founded in 1995, and it aims to provide technology access, education, training and job placement services to people in underserved communities. It serves adults 18 and over with income levels at or below 200 percent of the federal poverty level.
Kamath was very enthusiastic about what this software center could do for the South Bronx, describing it as a chance to bring white collar jobs and a chance to enter the middle class into one of New York City's more impoverished neighborhoods.
"We have visions of The Bronx being the city's next tech corridor, and we think that the success of this project is going to be the start of many good things to come to the Bronx," she said. "And it's high time that it did."
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text:
Film / By Ryan Lattanzio
Jennifer Jason Leigh Reuniting with Quentin Tarantino to Narrate 'Once Upon a Time in Hollywood' Audiobook
The novelization of his Oscar-winning film arrives on June 29.
May 16, 2021 1:30 pm	/
Noah Baumbach Says Ex-Wife Jennifer Jason Leigh Likes 'Marriage Story'
One of the great mysteries of the 2019 awards season has, supposedly, been solved.
Nov 24, 2019 12:05 pm	/
Television / By Steve Greene
'Atypical' Season 2 Trailer: The Gardner Family Tries to Piece Itself Together as Sam Faces the Idea of College
Netflix's family drama returns early next month.
Aug 20, 2018 11:26 am	/
Television / By Jude Dry
'Atypical' Trailer: Jennifer Jason Leigh Keeps It Together in Netflix's New Autism Comedy
A teenager on the autism spectrum upends his family with his search for self-discovery, independence, and boobs.
Jul 18, 2017 12:37 pm	/
Television / By Gabrielle Kiss
'Atypical' First Look: Jennifer Jason Leigh Heads to TV For New Netflix Comedy Exploring the Spectrum
Netflix reveals the release date of its anticipated heartfelt comedy series following the journey of an 18-year-old on the autism spectrum with a new clip.
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Jennifer Jason Leigh Retrospective Includes Films From the Coen Brothers, Cronenberg, Verhoeven, and the Woman Herself
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'Twin Peaks' Official Cast List Includes Michael Cera, Tim Roth, Jennifer Jason Leigh, Eddie Vedder, Trent Reznor, And More
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Exclusive: See How Charlie Kaufman And Duke Johnson's 'Anomalisa' Got Animated In This Featurette
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How Quentin Tarantino Changed His Ways on 'The Hateful Eight' (SPOILERS ABOUND)
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Justice is achieved through the optimization of individual well-being throughout the group, i.e. maintaining each individual's well being near the mean of the group.
Game theory, would suggest that in a changing dynamic world, with limited, yet growing resources; the reality of Justice as a virtue allows the group (a species) to profit from behavior such as empathy, and self-sacrifice; which would explain how said emotions have become embedded within many species throughout evolutionary time.
Karma expresses the flow of well-being towards achieving Justice as it relates our evolved emotional responses to events and our actions. It is similar to keeping count of standard deviations from the mean.
Many ways of achieving justice have bean thought out; most religions deal extensively on the subject as do all political systems. In the end; justice as something more complex than even the simplest cooperative games is NP - complete and we will continue forever changing and optimizing our laws and beliefs regarding our communal well-being to our current situations.
As sentient being, I agree the pursuit of justice is a responsibility we hold to ourselves, it is crucial to our survival.
should'nt it be the other way around with empathy?
Out of empathy grows a sense of justice?
im not sure im sold on the concept of justice as a "higher" concept than empathy.
The argument is: Empathy (and self-sacrifice) can evolve in a species due to the fact it promotes a group (and therefore: the species) survival.
So, indirectly, through a species' fitness. Justice drives the evolution of empathy.
I agree it is most likely true that an individual cannot feel satisfaction from justice before he can feel empathy.
Although the notion would seem reversed from the perspective of an individual, we started by stating justice does not apply in such a context, and we must then use a new concept for the feeling of satisfaction though the search / achievement of justice.
This feeling would seem, then, to be born from empathy, self-sacrifice and an understanding of a group and its well-being. The care for all others, if you will: what is right.


text:
Zonwhois
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Sweep Tosho from the outside! After all this horse is strong" [Queen Elizabeth Cup 2005] Live: Tetsushi Baba announcer
admin November 14, 2021 Leave a Comment on Sweep Tosho from the outside! After all this horse is strong" [Queen Elizabeth Cup 2005] Live: Tetsushi Baba announcer Posted in PC GAMES
2006 (sweep 5 years old)
The protagonist of the Queen Elizabeth Cup this year was Kawakami Princess, a power-based Cinderella. He won the Oaks and Shuka Sho without losing from his debut, and was in great shape with 6 wins in 6 races. The unfathomable strength led to the expectations of the fans, and it was the most popular in this race.
On the other hand, Sweep Tosho remained the second most popular. This year, he shook spring due to a broken bone and returned to the Kyoto Grand Prize in October. He won this and was facing the third Queen Elizabeth Cup after finishing 5th in the Tenno Sho (Autumn).
It was Kawakami Princess who showed strength in the race. When entering the straight line, only one of them showed a dramatization that the momentum was different, and he escaped as it was and finished in 1st place. Although the Sweep Tosho was driven in, it did not reach and ended up in 3rd place.
However, it was determined that Kawakami Princess had cut the course of another horse just before she escaped, and due to this, she was demoted to 12th place. The ranking went up by that amount, and Fusaichi Pandora, who was second, came in first, and Sweep Tosho, who was third, also came in second.
Kawakami Princess wasn't blessed with victory after this, so I can't help but wonder what would have happened without this skew.
This year's Sweep Tosho showed strength, such as digging into second place in the spring GII Mylars Cup, showing that there is still more work to be done. However, it was two of the same mares that caught the attention of the year.
The first is Vodka, who won the Japanese Derby as a mare for the first time in 64 years. And the other was "Miss Perfect" Daiwa Scarlet, who won the Oka Sho and Shuka Sho and never finished third or less.
As for the odds in advance, the most popular vodka and the second most popular Daiwa Scarlet are predominant. Sweep Tosho became the third most popular after them. However, just before the race, Vodka suffered from Ha line (because of injuries, etc., the way of walking became strange), so the race was canceled and more than 1.5 billion yen was returned, which is an unprecedented situation.
In such a slightly confused race, Daiwa Scarlet took control of the group while escaping. Sweep Tosho runs in the middle team. The race progresses at a slow pace where the horse in front is advantageous.
When Daiwa Scarlet enters the straight line, Katsumi Ando jockey puts a whip and spurts. The previous year's champion Fusaichi Pandora was approaching from the outside, and Sweep Tosho was approaching from the inside, but Daiwa Scarlet, who continued to use good legs, ran through the goal without giving up the lead.
"I can't lose because of vodka" Daiwa Scarlet [Queen Elizabeth Cup 2007] Live: Tetsushi Baba Announcer
Sweep Tosho retired in this race. The race record is 24 races and 8 wins. Among them, GI won 3 wins and the heavy prize was 6 wins in total.
Sweep Tosho, the forerunner of strong mares
In the history of Japanese horse racing, strong mares that beat even stallion often appear. Air Groove is probably the representative of "Uma Musume".
These strong mares were picked up because of the fact that it is rare for a mare to beat a stallion.
However, after the introduction of Sweep Tosho, mares leading the horse racing world have appeared almost every year. Vodka and Daiwa Scarlet, to which Sweep has given up the title, are examples, and recently Almond Eye and Chrono Genesis are examples. In that sense, the Sweep Tosho is actually a horse that has a very important meaning in the history of modern horse racing. Sweatshirts have recently been added to the "Uma Musume" game and are attracting the attention of trainers. When will it be implemented as a breeding horse girl? After all, is there an event in the story that gets a gate difficulty? I would like to wait while dreaming of such a thing until the day when it is implemented.Authr status: 2 minutes walk from the north exitRiding on the " Davista " boom, he started watching horse racing and somehow kept chasing information until now. The animation of "Uma Musume" has been watched until the second term, and the game is played from the first day of distribution. I cried to death in the anime.
The billing amount is about 80,000 yen as of November 2021, and the team rank is S. It insists that it is a fine charge group.
Now, while taking care of the newborn real daughter, she spends her days working hard to raise her horse daughter.
Explains 9 mutants that can be used in the "B4B" battle mode "swarm mode". Understand the characteristics and hunt down the cleaners →
← Uma Musume Sweep Tosho was the gatekeeper of the Queen Elizabeth Cup. I also fought against Daiwa Scarlet and Kawakami Princess
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Uma Musume Sweep Tosho was the gatekeeper of the Queen Elizabeth Cup. I also fought against Daiwa Scarlet and Kawakami Princess
Explains 9 mutants that can be used in the "B4B" battle mode "swarm mode". Understand the characteristics and hunt down the cleaners
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Okay so just wondering but do you get a clean slate when hitting the seraph mark?
Like do you lose all all spells and skills?
Does previous stat investment before seraphing have any roll over effect into?
I think I may have read a warning about removing your equipment before hand or you might lose that stuff.
Just wondering how much freedom you get to remake your character from better starting stats.
I pretty much built a glass cannon/pots mage but invested a bunch of points wastefully in some spells just to see as much as I could about npc weaknesses and to look at those sicknasty animations. Plan to focus on a later min/max when I had a good understanding of the realm.
Anyways I'm doing an F2P challenge so all that's a ways off anyway.
Its pretty much a perishable magic resource. They do different elemental damage, and have a fair AOE blast around your character. As far as I can tell you must set them to a macro key and/or have it set to your quick bar.
Can anyone tell me how lvl1 fresh mortals are seraphing in a day or two?
I'm just wondering if its strictly a perk of VIP access areas only or there are some good high exp yeilding quests or mobs. I don't mind if its a guarded secret or anything, I'm content to slug it out on whatever i find in the moment. Love the grind, eat it for breakfast no spoon necessary.
On the other hand I had a couple friends get into the game for a while and they were discouraged at seeing people fly by them, they're of more a competitive nature and while its disappointing its fair; they don't share the nostalgic passion I have for the realm.
So normally I'm very private and shy player but I figured I'd ask if it could give me something to encourage them back into the fold.
Been using Brosmetty's page and t4c bible kinda back'nforth. They're both very helpful for progressing quests and finding new skills so if any one responsible for those sites sees this thank you for the help.


Tonight, City Traffic Engineer Clint Schuckel suggested to the Public Facilities committee that they Google stop signs and traffic calming to see the policy reasons against stop signs as traffic calming.
Research has shown that unwarranted STOP signs and STOP signs that have been used for speed control, do not have the effect desired. Speeds between the STOP signs increase as drivers try to make up for lost time. Drivers tend to roll through the unwarranted STOP signs with higher frequency (over 50%).
All-way or 4-way stop signs are usually not an appropriate traffic calming tool on neighborhood streets. Citizens frequently request all-way stop signs at a neighborhood intersection to slow cars down and make the intersection safer. However, all-way stops that are placed in inappropriate locations do little to to slow traffic and can actually make the intersection less safe.
Stop signs may often seem like a good solution to neighborhood speeding, but traffic studies and experience show that using stop signs to control speeding doesn't necessarily work.
Stop signs should not be used as Traffic Calming devices.
Overuse of stop signs may actually reverse the benefits. Studies have shown that motorists may ignore stop signs or increase speed between controlled areas if the stop signs are poorly placed.
The City installs STOP signs to indicate right-of-way. Installing STOP signs for speed control goes directly against federal guidelines. The guidelines are based on previous engineering practices and studies, and have determined that STOP signs can actually exacerbate problems after extended use. First, people tend to speed in between STOP signs, to "make up" for their perceived lost time. Second, when drivers must constantly stop for traffic, but do not see good reason to, they will develop contempt for STOP signs.
I visit Virginia Beach often enough, and as a driver I find the stop signs extremely annoying. And while I've never thought about it before, Everyone (including myself) speeds to make up for the difference. I'm not saying that this is appropriate behavior, but it's sort of strangely instinctive, especially when there is no traffic.
has anybody tried an "all-way yield" for relatively low-volume intersections? "yield to peds, cyclists, and all other traffic." consider how that might encourage civility.
An all-way yield? I think that would be somewhat confusing. You might as well have a two-way yield, since all drivers are required to yield to pedestrians anyway. There are all-way yields at roundabouts though.
I think the problem seems to be drivers not obeying the law. Police could make some money at all these points.
basically, what we're being told is the A (stop signs) do not yield B (traffic calming/safety), when varying degrees of conditions C, D, E, F, and/or G are applied: therefore, A should never be used.
it's like saying don't roast marshmallows over an open fire because a lighter as a gas station could blow everyone to Portland (biker heaven).
what's the end result of the hate stop-signs campaign?
to convince people that stop signs are to be avoided because they either don't work, or they get more people injured and killed. in fact, it appears the opposite is most often true -- stop signs do work most of the time.
all those headlines and studies seem like something the Heritage Foundation or Cato or AEI would put out -- non-denial denials of half-truths. go ahead and knock down those straw men -- show them who's boss.
Victoria Transport Policy Institute != municipal government. Those would be the 12 municipal governments of Greater Victoria (Victoria, Oak Bay, Saanich, Central Saanich, North Saanich, Sidney, Esquimalt, View Royal, Highlands, Colwood, Langford, Metchosin) plus the regional government (the Capital Regional District). Yes, we have a lot. Would you like one or two?
That being said, the VTPI, which is really just Tod Litman, is very well respected for his work.
Talk about your strawmen?!?!? Who's arguing that all stop signs should be eliminated?
I very specifically wrote about the use of stop signs for traffic calming, not stop signs in general. In fact, part of the problem with using stop signs for traffic calming is that they lead to greater and greater non-compliance with stop signs where stop signs are necessary and beneficial.
Sean's entry stems from a neighborhood disagreement. Sean and some others are trying to keep traffic from their street since 2004 by having a bumpout installed at an intersection on one end of the block. The data shows it didn't keep traffic from their street. Then Sean's focus became the intersection and they were "just" making the intersection safer. The bumpout creates a hazard and was disliked by 90% of the community. The public facilities meeting was where the rest of the neighborhood got to finally tell the aldermen the problems with the bumpout. It must have made sense, the aldermen have so far suspended any contruction. 90% of the people think stop signs would work better. Sean still thinks the bumpout is the best way to go. This is Sean's way of trying to drum it into people's heads that stop signs shouldn't be used. Peter as well as others could see through this easily.
While I am deeply flattered by Anonymous's interest in my interior condition, I am not sure how it's relevant.
The bumpout slows traffic through a dangerous intersection. There is widespread concern about the use of stop signs, which have been offered as an alternative. Both of these facts are independent of my intentions.
Feel free to continue to analyze my mental condition, but I would also be interested in your comments on the issues raised about stop signs on the pages linked to.
The study looked at how multi-way stop signs have been used as traffic calming measures to control speed. There have been 23 hypotheses studied using multi-way stop as speed control. The research found an additional 9 hypotheses studied showing the effect multi way stops have on other traffic engineering problems.
The research found that, overwhelmingly, multi-way stop signs do NOT control speed except under very limited conditions. The research shows that the concerns about unwarranted stop signs are well founded.


text:
Q: C++ program stability after millions of executions I have a program in C++ that performs mainly matrix multiplcations, additions and so on.
The problem is, a EXC_BAD_ACCESS happens when the calculation performs for about 3 million times.
Is there any possible problems that can arise when a problem is executed for millions of times and for several hours?
Details of the program:
The program is simply calculations on different ranges of values, so it is executing on 6 threads at the same time. There is no resource sharing between the threads.
There seems be no evident problem in the program since:

*

*there is no memory leak, I've confirmed this using Instruments, and the memory size of the program is stable.

*the program can execute for at least 2 million times on each thread without any problem, but it is almost guaranteed that the EXC_BAD_ACCESS exception arises some time, on some thread. (the exception happens in my 2 tries of the program (2/2) )

About the matrix multiplication:
Sometimes the size of the matrices is about 2*2 multiply 2*1000.
The elements of the matrix is a custom Complex Number class.
the values of the elements are randomly generated by rand() and converted to float.
the structure is like this:
class Complex
{
private:
    float _real, _imag;
public:
   // getters, setters and overloaded operators
};

class Matrix
{
private:
    Complex **_values;
    int _row,_col;
public:
     getters, setters and overloaded operators
};

Thank you very much!
Any possible reason for the crash is greatly welcomed!

A: EXC_BAD_ACCESS means that you dereferenced a pointer which doesn't point into your process's current memory space. This is a bug in your code. Run it under a debugger until it fails and then have a look at the variable values in the statement where it fails. It could be simple or exceedingly subtle.

A: There's too little information in your post to make a decisive answer. However, it might be that no information available to you now would change it, and you need to debug the case more carefully. Here's what I'd do.
To debug, you want repeatability. But… you say that you're using random numbers. It seems though, that what your program does is some scientific-ish computations. In most cases you don't actually need "true" randomness, but "repeatable" randomness—randomness which passes statistical tests, but where you have enough data to reset the random number generator so that it will produce the exactly the same results as in a previous run. For that, you can just write down the current RNG state (e.g. seed) every time you start a new block of computation.
Now, write some piece of code that will store all the state necessary to restart computations (including RNG) once every few minutes, and run the program. This way, if your code crashes, you will be able to restart the computations with the same exact state and get to the point where it crashed without waiting for millions of iterations. I am putting a strong assumption here, that except for RNG your code does not depend on any other kind of external state (like, network activity, IO, process scheduler making certain choices when scheduling your threads…)
With this kind of data it will be easier to test if the problem is due to a machine fault (overheating, bad memory, etc.). Simply restart the computation with the last state before crashing—preferably after letting the machine cool down, maybe restarting it… if you'll encounter another crash (and it will happen every time you try to restart code), it's quite certain it's due to a bug in your code.
If not, we still cannot say that it's machine fault—your code might (by pure accident/mistake in code) crash due to an undefined behavior which depends on factors out of your control. Examples include using an uninitialized pointer in a rarely-taken code path: it might throw bad access sometimes, and go unnoticed if by pure luck the pointer points to memory you allocated. Try valgrind, this is probably the best tool to check for memory problems… except that it slows down execution so much that you'll again prefer to rerun the computations from a state known to be suspicious (the last state before crash) instead of waiting for millions of iterations. I've seen slowdowns of 5x to 100x.
In the meantime, try running your code on another machine. If you'll also get crashes after a similar number of iterations (to be sure wait for at least 3 times more iterations than it took to crash on the original machine), then it's quite probable that it's a bug in your code.
Happy hacking!

A: Calculations with finite precision that fail after a few million iterations? That could be accumulated round-off error. Problem is, those usually exhibit themselves as division by zero or other mathematical errors. EXC_BAD_ACCESS is not. However, there's one case in which this can happen: when you use the mathematical result as an array index.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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HOPEMAN GOLF CLUB HEALTH & SAFETY STATEMENT
The Health and Safety of all employees, members, visitors, contractors and the general public is of paramount importance to Hopeman Golf Club and the Club recognises the legal obligations placed upon it by the Health and Safety Act 1974 and any other statutory legislation as may be applicable.
Hopeman Golf Club Responsibilities
Hopeman Golf Club will ensure, as far as is reasonably practicable, the health, safety and welfare at work of all employees. It will manage its activities in such a way and so far as is reasonably practicable that persons not employed by Hopeman Golf Club are not exposed to risk.
The objectives of Hopeman Golf Club towards fulfilling this policy are to:
Concentrate on the elimination of risk to persons, then on risk reduction, prevention of injury and loss due to damage.
Identify the health and safety hazards and manage those hazards by reducing and/or effectively controlling those hazards in accordance with the Hopeman Golf Club policy.
Work to safety standards, which satisfy our statutory requirements and which reflect good practice.
Review and develop these standards continuously and when changes in legislation, industry practice or technology occur, revise them accordingly.
Hopeman Golf Club is committed to:
Consulting with Club employees on health, safety and welfare issues.
Ensuring that Club employees are trained to understand and carry out their job responsibilities. This will involve, but will not be limited to, selection, training, re-training, supporting and continuous assessment of employee performance.
Continually monitoring this policy by auditing and reviewing its effectiveness in the workplace.Obligations of all Employees, Members and VisitorsAll employees, members and visitors are obliged to take all reasonable steps to ensure their own safety and that of others whilst using or visiting Hopeman Golf Club. Any accidents or incidents should be reported to a member of staff without delay.Hopeman Golf Club Health and Safety documentation and records are kept in the Club Office and will be made freely accessible to employees, members, visitors, contractors and the general public.
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These intricate works of art are made from recycled, steel oil drums in Croix-des-Bouquets, a northern suburb of Port-Au-Prince, Haiti. Works are usually signed. Finding the signature can be a treasure hunt as it is often built into the design. The artwork you receive may vary slightly from the one pictured.
Artisan Crafted: Every sculpture is cut, embossed, and finished by hand.
Oil drum sculptures are found throughout the Caribbean, but the art is truly Haitian. Hundreds of independent Haitian metal artists strive to make a sustainable living by exporting their pieces from a country where political strife and lack of tourism eliminated most sales outlets. Most learned the craft from their fathers, cousins, neighbors, and friends. They typically begin as laborers, then advance to apprentices. Experienced artisans often open their own workshops, employing a new generation of laborers and apprentices, to the overall betterment of the community.
Used oil drums are no longer readily available. They are imported into Haiti by container and sold to the artisans. Even though new, less expensive steel sheets could be used, artisans rely on used drums for the patina. Patinas range in color from gray/silver to brown/black. It is not uncommon to see multiple patinas on one sculpture. Still, many buyers prefer the gray/silver tones. So, most of the sculptures coming from Haiti today are closer to gunmetal gray in color.
This item usually ships UPS Ground from Florida. Other carriers may be used. Orders typically ship within 1-2 business days. Business days do not include public holidays or weekends. Delivery depends on destination. Street address required. We will provide a tracking number immediately upon shipment.
There is no re-stocking fee.


Do you own a cat? If you do, then you know what a wonderful and rewarding experience it can truly be. But, you probably don't like the messed you have to clean up once in a while, especially if you have a cat urinating on carpets and furniture. This is a habit that can be a lifelong one if you don't do something to nip it in the bud as soon as possible. Usually, it is something that is just behavioral, and something that can be fixed, with a little bit of patience.
For the most part, cats tend to be pretty fussy about where they urinate, and usually will use a litter box pretty much religiously. But, there are times when cats do no go where they are supposed to, and this can really become a problem. Is your cat doing this, and if so, do you know why? There may be a number of reasons why you have a cat urinating outside of its litter box. One may simply be revenge because he is angry with you for something. Yes, cats do have feelings, and they do get angry with us.
Sometimes, the problem with a cat urinating everywhere is not a behavioral problem, but something medical. You really should take your cat in for a vet visit to make sure that there is not something physically wrong with him. Once any medical conditions have been ruled out, then you know that you have a behavioral problem on your hands, and you have to start figuring out what is causing the problem.
Do you work a lot? If you are not home much during the day, your cat may actually be lonely, and this could be why he is doing his duty outside of his litter box. Or, maybe you have not left enough food out for him. Cats will do a lot of things like urinating on things if they are angry with us.
We have a cat that has a habit of peeing on a piece of my clothing on occasion. If it hadn't been for the information I found online, I think I would have gone nearly out of my mind. Imagine putting on a shirt only to find that it has a very peculiar odor.
If you have a problem with your cat urinating everywhere, you need to take care of the problem before it gets worse. Once you do, you can spend many years with your cat as a wonderful companion, and not something that you just find to be a pain in the you know what.
It is possible to stop your cat peeing outside the litter box if you know the steps to make it stop. My husband and I found everything we needed to stop our cat urinating on carpet at a site called StopCatPeeing.com. Visit it now and learn how to get your cat using the litter box again before it's too late.
Cat Behavior Issues Can Lead To Big Messes!
Should You Be Worried About Your Pet?