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Before being reunited in 2013's The Big Four, Poirot's recurring friends (the "group of three") were last seen in Evil Under the Sun (2001).
Hercule Poirot, the Belgian private detective from Agatha Christie's creative mind, couldn't have had an illustrious career without the help of his allies. His associates include Captain Arthur Hastings (his first friend in his new country of England), Ariadne Oliver (a successful mystery writer), Chief Inspector Japp of Scotland Yard, Mr. Goby the informant, Dr. Stillingfleet, and many others. These "others" include policemen and theatrical agents. The pictures that accompany these entries come from the television series Agatha Christie's Poirot (1989-2013) that starred actor David Suchet. These physical appearances do not necessarily match the characters' descriptions in the books.
The entries below list the novels and short stories in which the characters appear, and do not reflect any televised stories (that either starred David Suchet as Poirot or any of his other predecessors). The supporting cast for the series of Poirot included Captain Hastings, Chief Inspector Japp, and Miss Lemon that spanned seasons 1-8 (1989-2002). This "group of three" returned in the final season in 2013. Again, it is important to note that their appearances on the show do not match those appearances in the books. That goes also for the character of George, Poirot's valet, who doesn't even appear on the show until season 10 (in 2006). Despite the "over and under-appearances" of these characters, they have added so much to the series of Poirot and are characters loved by fans around the world. Withourt further ado, here are the various associates of Poirot's through the years and books:
Captain Arthur Hastings
Arthur Hastings was played by actor Hugh Fraser in all the stories the character appeared in (on the series Agatha Christie's Poirot). This is from the adaptation of Dumb Witness (1996).
Captain Arthur Hastings was Poirot's long-time friend and narrator of a few of Poirot's cases. He appears in 26 short stories, but in only eight novels. He first appeared in 1916, recovering from wounds in WWI. There, he again met Poirot (they were known to each other before) at Styles Court and helped Poirot solve a murder. They also rented an apartment together while solving crimes. Hastings serves as narrator in all of the cases in which he appears.
Hastings married a sweet young woman named Dulcie Duveen and they both moved to Argentina. Through the years, however, Hastings returned to London to visit his friend Poirot. Hastings also had 4 children, one of which is Judith, a research scientist living in England. It is not known how many years younger he was than Poirot, but he was old enough to be losing hair during his exploits during the 1930's.
The Mysterious Affair at Styles (1920)
Murder on the Links (1923)
The Big Four (1927)
Peril at End House (1932)
Lord Edgware Dies (1933)
Dumb Witness (1937)
Curtain (1975)
Poirot Investigates (1924)
"The Adventure of the 'Western Star'"
"The Tragedy at Marsdon Manor"
"The Adventure of the Cheap Flat"
"The Mystery of Hunter's Lodge"
"The Million Dollar Bond Robbery"
"The Adventure of the Egyptian Tomb"
"The Jewel Robbery at the Grand Metropolitan"
"The Kidnapped Prime Minister"
"The Disappearance of Mr. Davenheim"
"The Adventure of the Italian Nobleman"
"The Case of the Missing Will"
"The Veiled Lady"
"The Lost Mine"
"The Chocolate Box"
"The Mystery of the Baghdad Chest"
Three Blind Mice and Other Stories (1950)
"The Adventure of Johnnie Waverly"
The Under Dog and Other Stories (1951)
"The Plymouth Express"
"The Affair at the Victory Ball"
"The Market Basing Mystery"
"The Lemesurier Inheritance"
"The Cornish Mystery"
"The King of Clubs"
"The Submarine Plans"
"The Adventure of the Clapham Cook"
"Double Sin"
"The Double Clue"
Chief Inspector James Japp
Philip Jackson portrayed Japp on the Poirot series. He is shown here in the 1992 version of One, Two, Buckle My Shoe.
Japp was a member of Scotland Yard. His association with Poirot dates back to 1904, when Poirot was with the Belgian police. They worked together on two unrecorded cases, the Abercrombie forgery case and on the Baron Altara case. They met again in 1916 during the Styles Court investigation (The Mysterious Affair at Styles, published in 1920). During the course of the stories in which he appears, Japp is promoted from Detective Inspector to Chief Inspector. In his final appearance on the Poirot television series, Japp tells Poirot that he was promoted to Assistant Commissioner.
Captain Hastings described Japp as a "little, sharp, dark, ferret-faced man", not quite the appearance of Japp on the Poirot series. Japp was an ardent (amateur) botanist who also enjoyed English cooking. He had dreamed of living in the countryside after his retirement from police work.
Death in the Clouds (1935)
One, Two, Buckle My Shoe (1940)
Black Coffee (1998), adapted from play by Charles Osborne
"The Veiled Lady
Murder in the Mews (1936)
"Murder in the Mews"
The Labors of Hercules (1947)
"The Girdle of Hippolyta"
"The Flock of Geryon"
"The Capture of Cerberus"
Felicity Lemon
On Poirot, the secretary Miss Lemon was played by Pauline Moran. She introduces her sister to Poirot, as seen here, in the adaptation of the novel Hickory Dickory Dock (1995).
Felicity Lemon was Hercule Poirot's secretary, and before that, was employed as Mr. Parker Pyne's. She was described as "unbelievably ugly and incredibly efficient" and looked as though "a lot of bones [were] flung together at random". She was extremely useful to Poirot as being the perfect secretary with hopes of creating the perfect filing system. Her passion for order matched that of Poirot himself. Miss Lemon had a sister who managed a youth hostel in Hickory Dickory Dock.
Hickory Dickory Dock (1955)
Dead Man's Folly (1956)
Third Girl (1966)
Elephants Can Remember (1972)
Parker Pyne Investigates (1934), non-Poirot
"The Case of the Middle-Aged Wife"
"The Case of the Distressed Lady"
"How Does Your Garden Grow?"
"The Nemean Lion"
"The Mystery of the Spanish Chest"
Mrs. Oliver first appeared for Agatha Christie's Poirot in the adaptation of the novel Cards on the Table (2006). She was portrayed by Zoe Wanamaker, whom appeared in all adaptations of the Poirot novels that featured the character.
Ariadne Oliver is a successful detective novelist that has worked side by side with Hercule Poirot. The middle-aged writer of detective stories is broad-shouldered and has "rebellious" gray hair. Ariadne Oliver is known for her love of apples and her strong belief in woman's intuition. She is also the creator of the Finnish detective Sven Hjerson, of whom she has a great dislike. Most of the books she appears in have been with Poirot. For more on Mrs. Oliver at HPC, simply go here.
Cards on the Table (1936)
Mrs. McGinty's Dead (1952)
The Pale Horse (1961), non-Poirot
Hallowe'en Party (1969)
"The Case of the Discontented Soldier"
"The Case of the Rich Woman"
Poirot's valet, George, first appears in the TV adaptation of Taken at the Flood (2006). He is shown here in 2008's Third Girl. George appears in seven episodes of Agatha Christie's Poirot.
George (sometimes referred to as Georges) is Poirot's valet, or gentleman's gentleman. He came into the employ of Poirot sometime after Captain Hastings had left for Argentina (after Murder on the Links). Prior to being Poirot's valet, he served for Lord Edward Frampton. George remained the Belgian's valet until the last novel, Curtain. Poirot utilized George as a source of knowledge of the English aristocracy and was described as a "delicate social recorder". George was also an expert at being a "social snob". Poirot always appreciated the thorough accuracy of George's descriptions he used on people. George was described as having a deferential manner and it was said that communication was sometimes involved with difficulties between him and his employer.
The Mystery of the Blue Train (1928)
Taken at the Flood (1948)
After the Funeral (1953)
Cat Among the Pigeons (1959)
The Clocks (1963)
"The Lernean Hydra"
"The Apples of the Hesperides"
"Four and Twenty Blackbirds"
"The Under Dog"
Superintendent Bert Spence
Poirot's friend, formerly of Scotland Yard, served in the Kilchester Police. He was described as having a large red face and a man "keen on roses". He first appears in Mrs. McGinty's Dead, enlisting Poirot's help in clearing the murder charge of a James Bentley, Mrs. McGinty's lodger. By the time Hallowe'en Party is published, Spence is retired and lives with his sister Elspeth. Spence proves to be of help in this case, as well as Poirot's penultimate story of murder/suicide, Elephants Can Remember. He is not the same Spence who appears in the Poirot novel Taken at the Flood.
Mr. Satterthwaite
He was the small, snobbish, social butterfly who was an associate of the enigmatic Harley Quin and friend of Poirot's. He was already known to readers of Agatha Christie's stories as an "agent and pawn" of Quin from the short stories that featured them. When Satterthwaite appeared in Three Act Tragedy, he was a weekend guest of Sir Charles Cartwright when the local reverend was poisoned. Satterthwaite assists Poirot in the investigation and learns more (as does the reader) about Poirot's personality. In the short story, "Dead Man's Mirror", Satterthwaite is reacquainted with the Belgian sleuth once again.
Three-Act Tragedy (1934)
The Mysterious Mr. Quin (1930), non-Poirot
"The Coming of Mr. Quin"
"The Shadow on the Glass"
"At the Bells and Motley"
"The Sign in the Sky"
"The Soul of the Croupier"
"The World's End"
"The Voice in the Dark"
"The Face of Helen"
"The Dead Harlequin"
"The Bird with the Broken Wing"
"The Man From the Sea"
"Harlequin's Lane"
"Dead Man's Mirror"
"The Love Detectives", non-Poirot
Problem at Pollensa Bay and Other Stories (1991)
"The Harlequin Tea Set", non-Poirot
Battle was a member of Scotland Yard who had a expressionless face and powerful physique. His cases tended to be that of crimes related to politics or international diplomacy. In the five novels that feature him, only one is a Poirot story. Battle does not appear in the television adaptation of Cards on the Table starring David Suchet. Instead, the character is replaced by a Superintendent Jim Wheeler. For more information on Superintendent Battle, visit this article on HPC.
The Secret of Chimneys (1925), non-Poirot
The Seven Dials Mystery (1929), non-Poirot
Murder is Easy (1939), non-Poirot
Towards Zero (1944), non-Poirot
Colonel Race joins Poirot on a case in the TV adaptation of Death on the Nile, with David Suchet as Poirot. Race is played by James Fox.
Race was a member of the British Secret Service, "usually to be found in one of the outposts of the Empire where trouble was brewing". This tall man with a bronzed face appeared in only four stories, two of the them featuring Hercule Poirot. His character appeared in the Poirot series' adaptation of Death on the Nile (2004). Unfortunately, Race does not appear in 2006's adaptation of Cards on the Table; a Secret Service character named Colonel Hughes (created for the episode) takes his place. To read more on Colonel Race, click on this article.
The Man in the Brown Suit (1924), non-Poirot
Death on the Nile (1937)
Sparkling Cyanide (1945), non-Poirot
Joseph Aarons
Aarons was an expert in the theatre. He was a vital resource to Poirot in the Belgian detective's early years in England. The theatrical agent Aarons boasted once to Poirot and Hastings, "There's not much about the profession I don't know." Not only did Aarons know theatre, but the people in that world and the rumors surrounding them.
Mr. Goby
A long-time friend of Poirot's, Goby himself was a private investigator who specialized in information--and obtaining it quickly. Few employed him because he was very expensive for his services. He was described in After the Funeral as "small and spare and shrunken. He had always been refreshingly nondescript in appearance and he was now so nondescript as practically not to be there at all." When he speaks to someone, he doesn't look at the person. Goby became more talkative as the years went by, rambling on instead of being focused on the subject of his investigations. He assisted Poirot later after having been hired by the American millionaire Rufus Van Aldin in The Mystery of the Blue Train. The character of Mr. Goby does not appear on screen in any adaptation of the works listed below.
Edward Catchpool
Edward Catchpool is a policeman for Scotland Yard, having been created by author Sophie Hannah in three authorized Poirot novels. He had been with the Yard for two years and a policeman for five. He is an umarried young man of thirty-two who enjoys crossword puzzles and, in fact, fills his free time by creating one himself. He resides in a London lodging house owned by a Mrs. Blanche Unsworth. It is there that he meets Hercule Poirot as Poirot takes a room for himself to rest from his labors. Catchpool narrates their investigation of three murders at London's Bloxham Hotel. A short time later he is reunited with Poirot in the town of Clonakilty in the Irish Free State, as a guest of a wealthy writer. The writer's secretary is murdered and it is up to Poirot and Catchpool to identify the killer. In the latest of the new Poirot novels, Poirot faces a case of poison pen letters. These are, bizarrely, signed by Hercule Poirot himself!
The Monogram Murders (2014)
Closed Casket (2016)
The Mystery of Three Quarters (2018)
Dr. John Stillingfleet
Dr. Stillingfleet, as he appears on the TV adaptation of the short story "The Dream".
He was a doctor of "thirty-odd with red hair and a rather attractively ugly face." He called upon Poirot's help in the Benedict Farley suicide case in the short story "The Dream". In the novel Third Girl, the doctor saved Norma Restarick's life from oncoming traffic. Upon Poirot's request, he helped her recover from the illegal drugs in her system. The long-legged doctor later married Norma and moved to Australia to start a new practice there. He confessed once, "I'm just interested in people."
"The Dream"
Colin Lamb
Colin appears as "Colin Race", the son of Colonel Race, in the TV adaptation of The Clocks (aired in 2011).
Colin Lamb was a marine biologist helping the Sercret Service when he meets a young woman who finds a dead body. He narrates half the novel The Clocks, giving his own point-of-view of the police proceedings in the investigation of three murders while describing his own adventures into espionage. Apart from being friends with Poirot, he was also acquainted with the mystery novelist Ariadne Oliver. It is hinted in the novel that his father might've been Superintendent Battle, but it is up to the reader to decide. It was Poirot that Colin contacts to help assist him and Detective Inspector Hardcastle in investigating the murder of a Mr. Curry. What is inexplicable, however, is that in the television version of The Clocks, Colin's last name is Race and his father is Colonel Race, seen in the adaptation of Death on the Nile.
Monsieur Bouc
Bouc appeared in the TV adaptation of the famous novel Murder on the Orient Express, which aired in 2010.
Belgian director of la Compagnie Internationale des Wagons Lits, he had a long-standing friendship with Hercule Poirot, dating from the time Poirot was the star of the Belgian police force. He hired Poirot to investigate the murder of Samuel Edward Ratchett, one of the passengers aboard the Orient Express. He was with Poirot in the solving of the crime from beginning to end.
Dr. Burton
Burton was a friend of Poirot's and a Fellow of All Soul's. He was a "plump, untidy" man who knew nothing of neatness--he had tobacco ash always covering him. The white-haired doctor wondered why Poirot's mother would choose such a first name as "Hercule". He laughed at the thought of Poirot retiring and growing vegetable marrows. "Yours aren't the Labors of Hercules," said the doctor. "Yours are labors of love."
Lucien Bex
Bex appeared in the TV adaptation of the novel Murder on the Links (1996).
Bex was the police official in charge of the Renauld case. Hastings describes Bex as a "short stout man with a huge mustache". He had worked with Poirot in Ostend (Belgium) when Poirot was a member of the police force there. It was Bex who introduced Poirot and Hastings to Giraud, the famous detective from the Paris Surete, Poirot's rival in the Renauld case. In the television adaptation, he is seemingly unknown to Hercule Poirot (unlike the novel).
Achille Poirot
An invention of Hercule Poirot's, Achille was Hercule's twin brother. Hercule describes his brother is "not nearly so handsome. And wears no mustaches." Achille's power of deduction and reasoning is equal to that of his brother. Achille "appears" at the climax of The Big Four to lend assistance to Hercule and Captain Hastings, only to disappear "to the land of myths." Curiously, although Achille was something of fiction (as if Hercule weren't real enough!), Achille is mentioned in the foreward of the short story collection The Labors of Hercules. Dr. Burton, a friend of Hercule's, ponders about Madame Poirot's choice of names for her sons. Burton talks as if Achille actually existed. Some fans of Agatha Christie believe Achille did exist and Hercule was just bluffing. The existence of Achille Poirot is left to the reader to decide.


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Administration April 27, 2012
Employees Sue Oregon Pension for Risky Investments
April 27, 2012 (PLANSPONSOR.com) - Two Oregon state employees sued one of the outside money managers most favored by Oregon's state pension fund for fraud.
The suit also accuses trustees of Oregon's $58 billion pension fund of ignoring the deception and committing $1 billion in investments between 2008 and 2010 to risky real estate bets by Lone Star Funds, a private equity firm that purchases distressed companies and non-performing bank loans at deep discounts, according to The Oregonian.
Michael Mueller, the state's acting chief investment officer Lone Star's are arguably the premier set of funds the state has invested in over the years. "Getting 1.5 times your money back is something we would take any time," he said.
The lawsuit centers on a January 30, 2008, meeting where Lone Star pitched the Oregon Investment Council on two new funds it was raising to buy distressed real estate and bank loans. Weeks before the meeting, in a Korean fraud trial, prosecutors accused Lone Star of driving down the price of Korea Exchange Bank's credit card unit before Lone Star bought the bank in 2003. Oregon was an investor in that transaction through its investments in previous Lone Star funds.
The Oregonian reports that at the meeting in Oregon, Grayken was asked about the allegations by a member of the Oregon Investment Council, but dismissed them as political issues that were largely resolved. The Council did not press the issue, and at the conclusion of the meeting, voted to invest $600 million in the two funds.
Just two days later, the head of Lone Star's South Korean operations, Paul Yoo, was convicted of stock manipulation and sentenced to five years in prison.
The lawsuit accuses Lone Star of failing to fully inform the Investment Council of the truth behind the Korean charges, including the fact that Yoo, who was allegedly listed in Lone Star's offering materials for the funds, was in prison. It accuses the Oregon Investment Council's real estate consultant, Nori Lietz, of abetting the fraud by failing to bring Lone Star's Korean issues to light during due diligence. The lawsuit notes the consultant subsequently flew to Korea and investigated Lone Star's activities, including a public apology and offer in 2006 to pay $106 million to an unspecified Korean charity. The lawsuit notes that such an offer would violate the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act.
The suit was filed on behalf of the Oregon Public Employees Retirement Funds. In addition to Lone Star, it names as defendants Public Employees Retirement System and Treasury staff; Treasurer Ted Wheeler and Attorney General John Kroger; the two citizens boards that oversee the pension system and its investments; and a consultant that helps the Treasury vet and monitor real estate investments.
The State Treasury and the Oregon Investment Council, a citizen's panel appointed by the governor, are accused of ignoring the fraud, not only in 2008, but when Lone Star returned in 2010 to seek investments in two new funds. The Council committed another $400 million to Lone Star in 2010.
Treasury Spokesman James Sinks told the newspaper the agency would need to analyze the lawsuit before commenting. A Lone Star spokesman said the suit was "entirely without merit."
The lawsuit seeks cancellation of the Lone Star contracts, the return of at least $1 billion to the pension fund, damages for breach of contract by the Investment Council's consultant and attorneys fees.
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'House of Cards': What Happens to Next Season With Kevin Spacey Out?
Might a Claire-led Season 6 be in the cards?
Ryan Gajewski | November 6, 2017 @ 6:23 PM	Last Updated: November 7, 2017 @ 5:42 AM
Netflix cut ties with Kevin Spacey on Friday amid numerous accusations of sexual misconduct against the actor, but questions remain regarding the future of "House of Cards."
The Emmy-winning political drama series was in production on its sixth season last month when Netflix and series producer Media Rights Capital announced that "House of Cards" will end with Season 6, and that production has been suspended indefinitely. This followed Anthony Rapp accusing Spacey of sexual misconduct decades ago when Rapp was just 14 years old.
Many "House of Cards" fans — including a famous one like Jessica Chastain — have voiced the opinion on social media that the show should make Robin Wright's Claire the lead for the sixth season. Can this help sustain a series that has seen its critical approval ebb and flow over the years? Or is it better for the show to just end now and focus on potential spinoffs?
Also Read: Jessica Chastain: Can Robin Wright Just Be the Lead of 'House of Cards' Now?
"If they can kill him and make Claire president, maybe it gets interesting, and maybe it continues, but I honestly don't know," Wedbush Securities digital media analyst Michael Pachter told TheWrap.
Gina Keating, author of "Netflixed: The Epic Battle for America's Eyeballs," believes it's possible that viewers will eventually dissociate the Beau Willimon-created show from the accusations, and that there could still be interest in a Spacey-free Season 6. But how long that might take remains unclear, given that the show has been so intrinsically linked to the discussion of the scandal.
"I can't think of another time in which an entire body of content was associated with a social awareness campaign in this way — with negative and possibly lasting overtones," Keating told TheWrap. "I think it would be reasonable for Netflix to let the furor over these allegations subside and then revisit the final season with a better sense of how to complete it with appropriate sensitivity and for the best long-term financial impact."
Also Read: 22 Hollywood and Media Heavyweights Accused of Sexual Misconduct Since Harvey Weinstein
When "House of Cards" first premiered in February 2013, centering on Frank (Spacey) and Claire Underwood (Wright), it helped establish Netflix as a destination for original programming.
But thanks to a slew of critically praised and buzzy shows that have launched since then — "Orange Is the New Black," "Stranger Things," "13 Reasons Why" — the series no longer appears to be as essential to the streamer as it was earlier in its run when it was more of a source of water cooler chatter. (Media Rights Capital, which owns the show, said Friday that Spacey has been suspended but not fired, adding that they will "continue to evaluate a creative path forward" for "House of Cards" during a "hiatus.")
"Netflix's brand and reputation is now more important to them than any one series, even if that series was once its flagship," Neil Landau, author of "TV Outside the Box" and head of UCLA's Writing for Television program, told TheWrap. "Protecting the Netflix brand supersedes its relationship with Kevin Spacey."
Also Read: Top 25 Best Netflix Original Series, Ranked From Great to Phenomenal (Photos)
Pachter compares the impending end of "House of Cards" to any popular show signing off — say, "Friends" bowing out on NBC in 2004 — but says this is far from the disaster for Netflix that it might have been if the show had ended after just one season.
"It remains one of Netflix's popular shows, according to survey work we've done. It's not as popular as 'Orange Is the New Black,' it's not as popular as 'Stranger Things,'" he said. "It's got a lot more name recognition, but it's been around for five seasons."
"I don't think there will be any meaningful financial impact," added Pachter, referring to the show's eventual ending. "Netflix is a well-managed company. I think their PR department is very smart. They're distancing themselves from somebody who has so many allegations."
Also Read: Kevin Spacey's 'All the Money in the World' Gets Pulled From AFI Fest
As Landau points out, the idea that a show can benefit from controversy — think the old "any publicity is good publicity" adage — is no longer as relevant in the age of viral social media.
"Netflix is smart to anticipate the worst from the Kevin Spacey debacle," he said. "They're protecting their own reputation at the expense of Spacey's and in favor of their subscription base. Right now, no one wants to see Bill Cosby or Kevin Spacey projects popping up on their home screens, and Netflix knows that better than anyone."
Representatives for Netflix and Media Rights Capital declined to comment.
65 Stars Who Have Condemned Harvey Weinstein (Photos)
In the wake of two bombshell reports detailing the sexual harassment, assault and rape allegations against Harvey Weinstein, dozens and dozens of stars have come out to publicly condemn the powerhouse producer and co-founder of Miramax and The Weinstein Company.
Ashley Judd was one of the first women to come forward in the initial New York Times report. Judd told the Times that she was invited to Weinstein's hotel room, where he repeatedly asked for inappropriate contact such as massages. "I said no, a lot of ways, a lot of times, and he always came back at me with some new ask," she said. "It was all this bargaining, this coercive bargaining."
Gwyneth Paltrow was nicknamed "The First Lady of Miramax" after starring in "Emma" and "Shakespeare in Love," but in a follow-up report by the Times, Paltrow revealed that Weinstein also made inappropriate advances toward her when she was 22. "I was a kid, I was signed up [for 'Emma], I was petrified," she said. "I thought he was going to fire me."
Angelina Jolie told the New York Times in an email that she had a "bad experience" with Weinstein as a young actress, but provided no further details, simply adding that she "chose never to work with him again and warn others when they did." "This behavior towards women in any field, any country is unacceptable," she said.
Rose McGowan was named in the initial New York Times report as having reached a $100,000 settlement with Weinstein "after an episode in a hotel room during the Sundance Film Festival" in 1997. The actress, who starred in "Scream" for Miramax in 1996, has repeatedly condemned Weinstein and his enablers since the story first broke, and has launched a petition to have the board of The Weinstein Company dissolved. She also accused her "Going All the Way" co-star Ben Affleck of covering up Weinstein's behavior.
Asia Argento was one of three women who said they were raped by Weinstein in a bombshell New Yorker report by Ronan Farrow. The star of Miramax's 1998 crime drama "B. Monkey" said she was lured to Weinstein's hotel room under the false pretense of a party, where he requested a massage and forcibly performed oral sex on her. She said she remained friendly with Weinstein, including a continuing sexual relationship, for fear that speaking out would cost her career. "When I see him, it makes me feel little and stupid and weak." she said. "After the rape, he won."
Rosanna Arquette told the New Yorker that Weinstein lured her to his hotel room where he exposed himself to her, grabbed her hand and tried to place it on his penis. "I'm not that girl. I will never be that girl," she said she told him after he threatened her career. "He's going to be working very hard to track people down and silence people," she said. "To hurt people. That's what he does."
Mira Sorvino starred in multiple Weinstein films, including 1995's "Mighty Aphrodite," for which she won an Academy Award. The actress told The New Yorker that Weinstein repeatedly harassed her when they were working together, saying she "must have said no a thousand times." She also confessed that she believes her rejection of Weinstein's advances cost her work. "There may have been other factors, but I definitely felt iced out and that my rejection of Harvey had something to do with it," she said.
Cara Delevingne, who appeared in The Weinstein Company's "Tulip Fever," described her own experience of being sexually harassed by Weinstein in an Instagram post. "I felt very powerless and scared but didn't want to act that way, hoping that I was wrong about the situation," she wrote, saying that guilt and fear kept her from speaking out sooner.
Kate Beckinsale came forward to describe her own "uneasy" encounter with Weinstein in which the producer invited the then-17-year-old to his hotel room, greeted her in his bathrobe and offered her alcohol. She said Weinstein approached her years later to ask if he had "tried anything" with her during their first meeting. "I realized he couldn't remember if he had assaulted me or not," she wrote.
Léa Seydoux described being sexually harassed by Weinstein in an interview with The Guardian. The "Blue Is the Warmest Colour" star said she met the producer at his hotel room while they were both in Paris, and said Weinstein "suddenly jumped on me and tried to kiss me," forcing her to physically resist him. "Everyone knew what Harvey was up to and no one did anything," she said. "It's unbelievable that he's been able to act like this for decades and still keep his career."
George Clooney called Weinstein's actions "indefensible" in an interview with The Daily Beast. Weinstein helped launch Clooney's film career with 1996's "From Dusk Till Dawn," but the actor said he never witnessed the behavior first-hand and dismissed the rumors that swirled around the powerhouse producer for decades. "We've had dinners, we've been on location together, we've had arguments. But I can tell you that I've never seen any of this behavior -- ever," he said.
Benedict Cumberbatch, who stars in The Weinstein Company's "The Current War," said in a statement that he was "utterly disgusted" by Weinstein's "horrifying and unforgivable actions." He called on everyone in the industry to stand up for women and victims of sexual abuse. "Others may be emboldened by our support to come forward and speak. But we shouldn't wait until there are any more stories like this," he said. "There has to be zero tolerance of any such behavior in any walk of life."
Leonardo DiCaprio, who worked with Weinstein on a number of films including "The Aviator," "Django Unchained," and "Gangs of New York," issued a statement on Facebook condemning sexual harassment and assault, but stopped short of naming Weinstein or referring to the allegations made against him directly. "I applaud the strength and courage of the women who came forward and made their voices heard," he wrote.
Kate Winslet called Weinstein's behavior "reprehensible and disgusting" in a statement to Variety, voicing unequivocal support for his accusers. ""I have no doubt that for these women this time has been, and continues to be extremely traumatic," she said. "I fully embrace and salute their profound courage." Winslet won an Oscar for the Weinstein-produced ""The Reader" in 2009.
Glenn Close said she was aware of the "vague rumors" that surrounded Weinstein in a statement to the New York Times, adding that she felt "angry and darkly sad" that they've now been substantiated. "I'm angry, not just at him and the conspiracy of silence around his actions, but also that the 'casting couch' phenomenon, so to speak, is still a reality in our business and in the world," she said.
Meryl Streep said in a statement to the Huffington Post that she "didn't know" about the allegations against Weinstein, despite starring in a number of his films, including "August: Osage County." "The behavior is inexcusable, but the abuse of power familiar," she said. "Each brave voice that is raised, heard and credited by our watchdog media will ultimately change the game."
Charlize Theron voiced support for the women who came forward with accusations against Weinstein on Instagram, saying that she wasn't surprised by the reports. "This culture has always existed, not just in Hollywood, but across the world," she wrote. "And many men in positions of power have gotten away with it for far too long. We cannot blame the victims here ... I want you all to know I support you."
Cate Blanchett, like her "Aviator" co-star Leonardo DiCaprio, stopped short of naming Weinstein in her statement condemning sexual harassment. "Any man in a position of power or authority who thinks it's his prerogative to threaten, intimidate or sexually assault any woman he encounters or works alongside needs to be called to account," she said.
Jennifer Lawrence won an Oscar for the Weinstein-produced "Silver Linings Playbook" in 2013, but the actress said in a statement that she was "deeply disturbed" by the allegations against him. "This kind of abuse is inexcusable and absolutely upsetting," she said. "My heart goes out to all of the women affected by these gross actions. And I want to thank them for their bravery to come forward."
Nicole Kidman issued a statement saying she supports all women "who speak out against any abuse and misuse of power -- be it domestic violence or sexual harassment in the workforce." Kidman has worked with Weinstein on a number of films, including "Cold Mountain," "The Others," "Nine" and last year's "Lion."
Mark Ruffalo, who has starred in multiple films produced by Weinstein, tweeted his condemnation of the producer, calling his actions "a disgusting abuse of power and horrible." He later elaborated in an interview with Channel 4, saying, "That s--- can't stand. And we have to call it out, even if it's in our own community."
Kevin Smith has a long history of working with Weinstein, including Miramax films like "Clerks" and "Chasing Amy." In a tweet, the filmmaker said he was "ashamed" of that partnership. "He financed the first 14 years of my career - and now I know while I was profiting, others were in terrible pain. It makes me feel ashamed," he wrote.
Kevin Smith Patrick Fraser/TheWrap
Jane Fonda told CNN's Christiane Amanpour that she's known about Weinstein's behavior since she was approached a year ago by her friend Rosanna Arquette, who later went public with her accusations in the New Yorker. "I'm ashamed that I didn't say anything right then," she said, explaining that she "didn't feel that it was [her] place" to speak out on someone' else's behalf.
Judi Dench earned a string of Oscar nominations for her work in Weinstein films, including "Mrs. Brown," "Chocolat," "Iris," "Notes on a Scandal" and "Shakespeare in Love." She once even had a Weinstein's name temporarily tattooed on her butt as a joke. In a statement to Newsweek, the actress said she was "completely unaware" of his behavior, calling it "horrifying."
Minnie Driver has starred in a number of Weinstein-produced films, most notably "Good Will Hunting," for which she received an Oscar nomination, but in a statement to Variety the actress said she never experienced abuse first-hand. "I think it's important to add my voice to those of women everywhere who have experienced abuse at the hands of powerful men," she said.
Lena Dunham condemned Weinstein as a "predator" in a scathing New York Times op-ed, also taking aim at men in Hollywood who remained silent about his behavior. "The reason I am zeroing in on the men is that they have the least to lose and the most power to shift the narrative, and are probably not dealing with the same level of collective and personal trauma around these allegations," she wrote.
Jessica Chastain said in a series of tweets that she was "warned from the beginning" about Weinstein and called on others to support victims and call out abuse. "Thank God for social media," she wrote. "Weinstein couldn't kill this wave of warriors working to keep this story alive. This has been very painful."
Matt Damon was once recruited by Weinstein to vouch for him when TheWrap's Sharon Waxman first tried to report a story about Weinstein's actions for the New York Times in 2004. In an interview with Deadline, he denied that he had any knowledge of abuse. "Even before I was famous, I didn't abide this kind of behavior," he said. "But now, as the father of four daughters, this is the kind of sexual predation that keeps me up at night. This is the great fear for all of us."
Ben Affleck, who worked with Weinstein on "Good Will Hunting," wrote in a statement on Facebook that he was "addened and angry that a man who I worked with used his position of power to intimidate, sexually harass, and manipulate women over decades." However, his "Going All the Way" co-star Rose McGowan later accused him of covering up for Weinstein in a tweet. "You lie," she wrote.
Penelope Cruz said she was "extremely sad and shocked" by the allegations against Weinstein in a statement to Buzzfeed. "I need to express my support to the women that have had such horrible experiences. They have shown great bravery by talking," said Cruz, who won an Oscar for The Weinstein Company's "Vicky Cristina Barcelona." "That kind of abuse of power is absolutely unacceptable."
Heather Graham wrote in an essay for Variety that Weinstein once made her an offer to trade sex for a role in one of his films, an offer she declined and never spoke about publicly. "My hope is that this moment starts a dialogue on redefining sexual harassment in the workplace and empowers women to speak out when they feel uncomfortable in a situation," she wrote.
Jamie Lee Curtis penned an op-ed in The Huffington Post in response to the accusation from Donna Karan that sexual harassment victims are "asking for it." Referring to Weinstein as a "brutish thug," Curtis shared that she had been subject to harassment throughout her own career despite never having asked for it. "Perhaps the truth will out other sexual harassment, be it from a governor or a president or a presidential candidate or studio head or movie star or executive or anyone else complicit in this billionaire boys club bulls--- that will come to an inglorious end," she wrote.
Iliza Shlesinger was set to publish her book "Girl Logic" with the Weinstein Books imprint at Hachette, but the stand-up comic condemned Weinstein's "deplorable behavior" in a statement on Twitter. "We owe it to ourselves as a community to no longer be complicit in this culture of misogyny," she wrote. "Things must change." Hachette later announced that it would shut down Weinstein Books and release all contracted books through other imprints.
Julianne Moore discussed the Weinstein scandal on MSNBC, saying she never had a problematic encounter with Weinstein personally, despite starring in multiple films for Miramax and The Weinstein Company. "I'm shocked," she said. "I think no one was aware that he had settled with eight different women and as we know, cases keep coming forward so this, to me, is completely egregious and shocking." She said individuals need to "speak up" to create a safe environment for accusers to come forward.
Emma Thompson called out Weinstein as a "predator" in an interview with BBC's "Newsnight." "I didn't know about these things but they don't surprise me at all and they are endemic to the system anyway," she said. "There has been a conspiracy of silence and I think there will probably have been about a million and one missed opportunities to call this man out on his disgusting behavior."
Seth MacFarlane made a joke referencing Weinstein's sexual misconduct during an Oscars announcement in 2013. Following the reports about Weinstein's actions, the "Ted" star revealed that the joke "came from a place of loathing and anger" after a friend of his recounted her experience with Weinstein.
Ryan Coogler's debut feature "Fruitvale Station" was released by The Weinstein Company, but the director said in a statement to The Hollywood Reporter that he had no knowledge of the abuse or any further interaction with Weinstein. "As men we sit in positions of privilege. It is our responsibility to leverage our position, and be allies to the women in our industry," he said. "We need to do everything we can to make sure violations like these don't continue to happen."
John Madden, who directed Miramax's "Shakespeare In Love," said in a statement to Buzzfeed that Weinstein's actions "deserve total condemnation." He continued, "I applaud the women who have been brave enough to share their testimony of profoundly damaging and deeply abusive experiences."
Tamron Hall, the "Today" show alum who signed a deal with The Weinstein Company for her own talk show, told The Huffington Post that she called Weinstein directly for a "take no prisoners" phone call after the New York Times report. She called the behavior described by his accusers "horrifying" and said she was working with lawyers to figure out the "next steps" for her show.
Alyssa Milano serves as host of "Project Runway: All Stars," a TV project produced by Weinstein. She said in a lengthy statement that she was "sickened" by the accusations, but adding that she was hopeful that bringing them to light would lead to change. "I'm happy -- ecstatic even -- that it has opened up a dialogue around the continued sexual harassment, objectification and degradation of women," she said. "Sexual harassment and assault in the workplace are not just about Harvey Weinstein. We must change things in general. We must do better for women everywhere."
Tom Hanks slammed Weinstein in an interview with the New York Times, calling the producer an "ass" and saying that the allegations made against him "fit" with Weinstein's publicly aggressive persona. "I know all kinds of people that just love hitting on, or making the lives of underlings some degree of miserable, because they can," he said. "They think their achievements entitle them."
Chris Hemsworth spoke out against Weinstein in an interview with TVNZ while promoting "Thor: Ragnarok." "It's horrible, it's awful, my heart goes out to anyone who suffered through that kind of abuse and experience," he said. "I hope it sheds a light on the issue and people don't continue to abuse their positions of power, and people aren't manipulated into situations they don't want to be a part of."
Viola Davis came out against Weinstein, who produced the film "Kate & Leopold," in a statement to Variety. "To the predators.. Weinstein, the stranger, the relative, the boyfriend," she wrote. "I say to you, 'You can choose your sin but you don't get to choose the consequences.' To the victims.... I see you. I believe you... and I'm listening."
Brie Larson's breakout role was as a sexual assault survivor in "Short Term 12," and the actress has been an outspoken advocate through the years, memorably hugging survivors at the Oscars and refusing to applaud for Casey Affleck. She reiterated her support in a tweet following the news about Weinstein. "As always, I stand with the brave survivors of sexual assault and harassment," she wrote. "It's not your fault. I believe you."
Emma Watson worked with Weinstein on "My Week with Marilyn" in 2011 and did not single out Weinstein in her condemnation of sexual harassment on Twitter following the New York Times report. "I stand with all the women who have been sexually harassed, and am awestruck by their bravery. This mistreatment of women has to stop," she wrote, adding that men can also be victims of sexual harassment.
Ryan Gosling starred in 2010's "All Good Things," which was produced by Weinstein, and in a statement on Twitter the actor said he was "deeply disappointed in [himself] for being so oblivious" to Weinstein's behavior. Noting that Weinstein is part of a "systemic problem, Gosling said called on men to "stand with women and work together until there is real accountability and change."
Seth Rogen came out in support of Weinstein's accusers in a tweet shortly after the initial New York Times report. "I believe all the women coming forward about Harvey Weinstein's sexual harassment," he wrote. "It takes bravery to do so."
Rebecca Hall appeared in multiple Weinstein films, including "Vicky Cristina Barcelona," and said she had previously heard rumors of his behavior but never experienced it first-hand. "I certainly was never allowed near a meeting with him on my own, and anything like that. In retrospect, I understand why, even if my representatives weren't explicitly telling me," she told IndieWire.
Paul Feig called Weinstein's behavior "reprehensible" in a series of interviews with The Guardian, later adding that an audio recording published by The New Yorker was "beyond disturbing." "Men need to speak up," the "Bridesmaids" director said. "This can't be women just speaking up. They need backup. It's a big sacrifice for women to come forward with this stuff. As we've seen over history, they are generally not rewarded for coming forward."
Jeffrey Katzenberg, the former Disney executive who worked with Weinstein after Miramax was bought by the company, publicly released an email he sent to Weinstein after the producer turned to him for help in the wake of the New York Times report. "You have done terrible things to a number of women over a period of years," he wrote to Weinstein. "I cannot in any way say this is OK with me.... It's not at all, and I am sickened by it, angry with you and incredibly disappointed in you."
Michael Eisner, the former Disney CEO who fired Weinstein and his brother Bob from running Miramax, called Harvey "an incorrigible bully" in a tweet, adding that he "had no idea he was capable of these horrible actions."
Bob Iger, the Disney CEO who served as president and COO when Weinstein's Miramax was acquired by the company, released a statement condemning Weinstein, saying that the producer's "reported behavior is abhorrent and unacceptable, and it has no place in our society."
Nancy Dubuc, the A+E Networks chief who's in business with The Weinstein Company on "Project Runway" and other TV properties, called Weinstein's behavior "disgusting and horrifying" in an interview with Variety. "One of the epidemics in our industry is the abuse of power," she said. "When it's pushed to extreme physical limits as in what we saw with Bill Cosby and what's coming out now (with Weinstein) it is particularly troubling."
Jeremy Zimmer, CEO of UTA, sent an internal memo to staff in the wake of the Weinstein scandal, calling it "disgusting" and saying he was "proud" of the UTA clients who stepped forward with their allegations against Weinstein. "Harvey earned his demise. And it should serve as a cautionary tale to anyone in our industry who believes moguls own their thrones," he wrote, encouraging staffers to report inappropriate behavior at the company.
Colin Firth starred in Weinstein's Oscar-winning "The King's Speech," said in a statement to The Guardian that he was given a "feeling of nausea" when reading the reports about Weinstein. "He was a powerful and frightening man to stand up to. It must have been terrifying for these women to step up and call him out. And horrifying to be subjected to that kind of harassment. I applaud their courage," he said.
Jeff Bridges addressed the allegations against Weinstein in an interview with the Associated Press. "It was a terrible thing he did," he said. "I wish him the best, struggling with his demons. But his behavior was terrible."
Gretchen Mol had been subject to a number of rumors about her relationship with Weinstein over the years, but the actress spoke out against those rumors in a guest column for The Hollywood Reporter. "The shameless behavior of this powerful man found shameless co-conspirators in people ... who then tried to push their foulness onto women who are blameless," she wrote. "I hope my colleagues, those women who have been affected by this abuse, can put this poison aside. We have no reason to feel ashamed."
Christian Slater shared a statement on Twitter, voicing support for the women making allegations against Weinstein and calling on men to support them. "No woman should fear for her safety in the workplace," he wrote. "No man should feel immune from the consequences of his actions. Accountability is essential to destroy the dangerous and persistent idea that some people are above the law."
Blake Lively discussed the allegations against Weinstein in an interview with The Hollywood Reporter, calling them "devastating." "This exists everywhere so remember to look everywhere," she said. "This isn't a single incident. This cannot happen, this should not happen, and it happens in every single industry."
Robert Rodriguez has released several films with Weinstein, including "From Dusk Til Dawn," "Sin City" and "Spy Kids." The director released a statement calling the allegations against Weinstein "truly disturbing." "His repulsive behavior was an abuse of power," he said. "Thankfully, he's now discovering what true power is."
David Thewlis, who recently starred in Weinstein's adaptation of "Macbeth," issued a short statement to Buzzfeed saying, "Men like this who equate fame and power with the right to degrade women should be unequivocally condemned, shamed and be seen to suffer the consequences."
Chloe Sevigny made her film debut in the Weinstein-produced "Kids" in 1995. She condemned him in a statement to Buzzfeed, calling for "casting couch culture" to come to an end. "Every woman speaking her truth, and every person who supports that woman, will help that change," she said.
James Gunn shared a lengthy Facebook post titled "On Sexual Predators In Hollywood (and the World)" in the wake of the Weinstein scandal, condemning sexual predators in every industry. "When someone is coerced sexually it not only affectthat he was s that person, but the lives of those around that person, like rows of dominoes falling in every direction. It demolishes trust and comfort in all of society," he wrote. "F---. Them. All."
Lin-Manuel Miranda tweeted that he was "appalled and repulsed by the Weinstein news as anyone with a beating heart. And forever in awe of the bravery of those who spoke out." His "In the Heights" co-author Quiara Alegría Hudes later released a statement asking that The Weinstein Company allow them to extricate the film adaptation and take it to another company, a request Miranda co-signed.
Ewan McGregor called his "August: Osage County" collaborator a "bully" on Twitter saying that he had "heard rumors" about Weinstein through the years. "Weinstein. It's about time this came to light and he is getting just deserts," he wrote.
Geneviève Caron/TheWrap
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Light and Color
视觉感知和大脑
Learners will be introduced to the problems that vision faces, using perception as a guide. The course will consider how what we see is generated by the visual system, what the central problem for vision is, and what visual perception indicates about how the brain works. The evidence will be drawn from neuroscience, psychology, the history of vision science and what philosophy has contributed. Although the discussions will be informed by visual system anatomy and physiology, the focus is on perception. We see the physical world in a strange way, and goal is to understand why.
Amazing Course Structure. I completely lost track of the fact that I am, originally a Mathematics Student!
A very insightful course. Super straightforward. A perfect choice as an introductory course.
Seeing Lightness, Darkness and Color
Definitions2:54
Light and Color8:20
How the Retina Initiates Color Vision (part 1)9:53
Why Do We Have Color Vision?3:26
Describing Color Perception12:26
The Strange Way We See Color10:43
An Empirical Answer (part 1)7:23
Topic Summary3:12
Module Summary0:24
Dale Purves
Now let's talk a little bit more about light and color.
And you remember I pointed out earlier that light is defined not by
the totality of this electromagnetic spectrum, of course, but
by the small piece of it, the small band of wavelengths that we human
beings evolved to see because they serve our biological purposes.
And as I said,
those wavelengths range from about 400 nanometers to about 700 nanometers.
Different animals have somewhat different ranges.
But light, the human definition of the bandwidth that we see,
is indicated by this range that I've circled here.
So you notice that the range is colored, and
that's sort of typical in presentations in textbooks.
And the coloration of the bandwidth indicates that at the short
wavelength end of the spectrum, 400 nanometers,
the color of lights that we see are violet or blue.
In the middle range, 500 to 600 nanometers,
the colors that we see in response to those wavelengths are greens or
yellows or blue-greens.
And at the long wavelength end of the spectrum, the colors we see are reds.
But the point is that over the spectrum of 400 to 700 nanometers,
we perceive different colors in relation to those wavelengths.
It's much more complicated, as I'll go into, than just, you see
a short wavelength and you see blue and you see a long wavelength and you see red.
Well, we'll see that that's a very poor description really of what's going on,
but at least it's a beginning.
So this is the physical way in which people have described color,
pretty much since the time of Newton, although, of course, Newton
didn't know the details that we know today about the electromagnetic spectrum.
So here is a portrait of Newton.
His work on vision, [LAUGH] he was certainly one of the great
geniuses of the modern era, and his work on vision was only a part of what he did.
But he did brilliant and
simple experiments that led the way to understanding color vision.
And Newton,
genius though he may have been, he was not a perfect scientist.
He was a believer in alchemy and spent a great deal of his time
in his life working on alchemical issues.
But in vision he certainly set people on the right path, and
he did it with a very simple experiment.
So what he did was to take a mote of white light.
And the simple experiment that he did to show this was simply taking a mote of
light coming through his window in his chambers at Cambridge University
in England, and he directed this mote to a triangular prism.
And white light was taken to be a pure source, and
no one had any idea that it was actually a combination of different wavelengths.
And what Newton did by using a triangular prism was to show that,
in fact, you could break up white light in a series of bands.
And the reason this happens is something you should know.
The speed of light is, of course, a constant in a vacuum.
We know that nowadays from physics.
But it changes its velocity depending on the medium through which it travels.
And its speed in the medium of air changes when
it's directed through a medium like glass, which has a different refractive index.
Air has a refractive index of very close to 1.
Glass has a refractive index of about 1.5.
This just means that it's a denser material and
it changes the speed of light.
And when the light hits the prism, depending on its direction
through the glass, the speed of light, because the distance traveled is longer,
is changed progressively, such that the longest wavelengths
are directed to a piece of paper, which is what he used, or a piece of cardboard,
differently because of their alteration in speed than the shorter wavelengths.
So this was the ingenious experiment that he did.
And he showed further, by simply taking a second
triangular prism and putting it in opposition,
that you could bring the broken up wavelengths of white light back
into uniform perception of white
by again just reversing the process that he had done here.
So this was an extremely [LAUGH] what can you say?
This guy was a first-order thinker,
and in this way he changed forever the way people thought about light and
started the progress towards the modern era, where, of course, one knows much more
about this than Newton did because of many advances in science.
So let's look, lest we be misled into thinking that when you see white,
you are seeing exactly the same spectral distribution of light,
no, that's not quite right.
So here are some examples of white light spectra.
There are three of them here.
This spectrum is daylight.
This spectrum is a fluorescent light.
This spectrum is an incandescent light.
And the point of showing you this is that each of these spectra are different.
So the distribution of energy that we need to have a perception of white or
something that is whitish are not all the same, and that makes the point that,
again, things are a little bit more complicated than we might imagine.
That when you see white, you're just seeing a uniform distribution of energies
in light, that's more or less true.
But you see white in relation to a variety of different spectra as indicated here.
One of the things that Newton made clear in his writings in Principia Mathematica,
he pointed out that colors are not really the properties of objects.
That the qualities, we know this much better today than Newton knew it
certainly, but the qualities that we call colors are generated by the brain.
They're not properties of objects,
although when we look out on the world we certainly think that the surfaces of
objects that we are perceiving have something that we call color.
Well, they do in the subjective sense.
But in an objective sense, they're reflecting wavelengths.
But those wavelengths, as we'll see shortly,
don't correspond to the colors we see.
The colors we see are made up by the brain, as I think is true to say of all
perceptual qualities, not only in vision but any other sensory modalities.
The colors we see don't have a one-to-one relationship
with the wavelengths that are coming to the retina.
So you might think that, well, you see a certain wavelength,
that's going to elicit a certain color.
But that's not the case.
It's much more complicated than that.


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December 29, 2010 | Published By Parfit
10 reasons why 2010 was the best year ever in hip-hop: #4 Whut? Thee album???…there have been a lot of great songs in hip-hop over the years but not a lot of great ALBUMS. In 2010, there were at least 10…
When's the last time you went back and listened to some of your favorite hip-hop albums from back in the day? I'm guessing if you randomly picked 10 of your favorites and listened to them from front to back, you would want to skip at least 5 tracks on each album. There are notable exceptions (The Chronic (both of them), It Takes A Nation of Millions, Death Certificate, all of Kanye's albums, 4 or 5 of Jay's albums, Midnight Marauders and Low End Theory…) but there are probably less than 50 like that in the 30-year history of hip-hop. That's not a bad thing. Hip-hop started as a singles game and, as we've seen in the iTunes era, singles are (mostly) what the people want, anyway. The album was originally a construct of a few artist in the 70's who had conceptual works of art that needed to be expressed over multiple tracks before it became a way for record companies to capitalize on selling you 10 songs you didn't want in order to get the 2 songs you did. But, in 2010, there has been an incredible resurgence in quality albums that you can put on and just let ride. Okay, okay, so maybe not 100% of the songs on these albums were dope, but at least 80% were skip-proof and that's incredible by today's standards. Here were 10 of the best (in no particular order):
1. Drake – Thank Me Later: How many rap albums have lead with both a ballad AND a club joint as the singles? The Fugees are the only ones who come to mind, with Fu-Gee La and Killing Me Softly (and those weren't released simultaneously). Drake's Over and Find Your Love were just a preview of the diversity that was to come on the album. 6 months later and dude is on single # 5. That is the sign of an INCREDIBLE album. Here are the 2 that started it:
2. B.o.B. – The Adventures of Bobby Ray: 5 Grammy nominations. Nuff said…
3. Big Boi – Sir Lucious Left Foot…Son of Chico Dusty: This one was criminally slept on. Big Boi was only 1/2 of OutKast, but he brought 100% of the quality you would come to expect from an Outkast album (oh yeah, they had some great ones too…) with his first solo effort.
4. Rick Ross – Teflon Don: This one is probably sonically the best one of the bunch. Rick Ross bolstered the assertion that he has the best ear in hip-hop by picking some monster tracks. There is one reason and one reason only he was able to survive the discovery that he was a former C.O. and the most vicious attack 50 Cent has ever unleashed on another rapper: he makes great music.
5. J. Cole – Friday Night Lights: Yeah, yeah. I know this is a mixtape, but, as previously discussed, there's not a real difference between mixtapes and albums these days. J. Cole's "real" album has been delayed indefinitely, but in 2010 he dropped some real heat with Friday Night Lights. If the album is better than the mixtape, 2011 could be another big year.
6. Eminem – Recovery: This one should have an * next to it. It's definitely one of Eminem's best albums and it will be the biggest selling album (of any genre) in 2010…that being said, Eminem is the perfect example of someone who doesn't make great albums. He's made some of the biggest hits in rap history and is its biggest selling star (as well as the biggest selling star of any genre of the last decade) but he has built that legacy from great songs. Listening to his album all the way through, you start to get a bit fatigued. His rapid-fire flow can wear you down after a while and his beats tend to become a little monotonous (with those provided by the good Dr. Dre being the notable exceptions). But, with all that in mind as the grand qualifier, Eminem made a great album in 2010 to complete an amazing comeback.
7. Nicki Minaj – Pink Friday: There's been a lot said about Nicki Minaj in this series (and more to come), so will keep this short. Great Album. Here are a couple of reasons why:
8. Big K.R.I.T. – Krit Wuz Here: This is the 2nd of 2 mixtapes on this list, and like J. Cole, K.R.I.T. is another one to watch in 2011. This mixtape is solid from front to back. The beats are tight, the rhymes are on point and K.R.I.T. covers an amazingly wide range of subjects. Instead of focusing just on cars, money and women, K.R.I.T. provides insightful commentary on life's everyday struggles–something we all can relate to:
Download Mixtape | Free Mixtapes Provided by DatPiff.com
9. Dirty Money – Last Train to Paris: This train has been trying to pull out of the station since mid-2009 and it finally departed in December 2010. Say what you want about Diddy's rapping, the autotuned "singing", the delays, the dancing or whatever other hate you may want to throw his way, but this is a really, really good album. Puff has been in the game for nearly 20 years now because he has a great ear for music, and that shows on Last Train to Paris. Rather than trot out a who's who list of the hottest rappers to bolster the album (though there are some), he let it stand on quality tracks and an adventurous sound and it paid off.
10. Kanye West – My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy: Save the best for last. Kanye West has been on a long, dark, twisted ride for the last 3 years. He lost his mother unexpectedly and tragically. He was crucified by the media and others after the Taylor Swift debacle. He endured very public breakups. And, he has a never-ending battle with himself over trying to do the right thing vs. just keeping it 100% real (at least from his perspective) and stepping in it. Rather than sink into an abyss, he used all of these life experiences to enrich his soul and then lay it bare for the world to see and hear. The result was one of the greatest albums (of any genre) of the decade. It had no radio hits, it was dark, it was complex…and it was brilliant. In fact, he had so much confidence in it, he gave half of it away for free, and half a million people bought it in the first week, anyway. Thank you, Kanye. It's been a G.O.O.D. year for music.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kYCTtD82hIM
Last minute addition: 11. The Roots – How I Got Over: Often underrated (apparently even by me sometimes) but ALWAYS dope, The Roots made their best album since Do You Want More?!?! in 2010. It was the perfect combination of catching hooks, jazzy and soulful tracks, and straight fire lyrics from Black Thought and guests. Incredible, incredible album:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0HoWBnJKf4o


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Call for submissions: It's LIQUID Experimental Art Architecture and Design Festival – The Labyrinth | Rome
Calls | August 11, 2016 |
Bahcesehir University Rome
Deadline: August 28, 2016
It's LIQUID Group is selecting all interesting design/architecture projects, installation/scupture, video-art and performance art works to include in the extended event:
It's Liquid Experimental Art Architecture and Design Festival – The Labyrinth | Rome, that will be run from September 02 to 15, 2016, at Bahcesehir University of Rome.
The festival is curated by Arch. Luca Curci (director of It's LIQUID Group).
During It's Liquid Experimental Art Architecture and Design Festival – The Labyrinth | Rome will be presented a rich programme of architectural, design projects, installation and sculpture, video art screenings and live performances.
We invite architects, designers, artists, filmmakers, video makers, associate groups and studios, performers to submit theirs works', according to the theme of the event.
The concept is an invitation to explore the intimate self and to analyze the relationationship between the man and the space private and/or public. Every life becomes a mix between the urban reality and the human reality, in which the man recognizes himself through the actions, thoughts, ethical, cultural, political and aesthetic values as result of contemporary society.
To take part in the selection, send your works' submission with a CV/biography, some still images, links of videos/films via e-mail to lucacurci@lucacurci.com
Deadline for applications is August 28, 2016 (11.59 PM of your local time).
Artists, architects and designers interested in taking part in our shows, are free to be sponsored and supported by institutions, organizations, governments and their representers; the logos of their sponsors will be included in all the communication (digital and print) of the events. Artists are free to take part in one or more of the programmed events.
The participation in the festival requires an entry fee only for selected artworks. The number of works you can submit is unlimited.
For more information and to take part in the selection, send an e-mail to lucacurci@lucacurci.com
It's LIQUID Group is a web based information platform dedicated to worldwide distribution of information about calls for entries, exhibitions and events in some of the world's leading art galleries, museums and foundations selected, about architecture, design and fashion. Founded in 2001 by Luca Curci, It's LIQUID has already built a readership of more than 200,000 qualified subscribers.
It's LIQUID Group includes a section dedicated to international art events'
organization that manages exhibitions of photography, video art, installation and painting; it organizes solo and collective shows, art residencies and international contest. Its object is to use new technologies to globalize the language of art, to connect artists working in every part of the world. Since its beginning, the group has organized more than 120 events all around the world, involving more than 4,000 artists, in more than 60 international venues.
ABOUT IAR & BAU
IAR, International Academy of Rome is part of the "BAU Global Education Network", one of the largest international groups of leading educational institutions, organized by Bahcesehir University, with 4 independent universities in Istanbul, Berlin, Washington D.C. and Batumi, 5 branch campuses in Rome, Cologne, Toronto, Hong Kong and Silicon Valley, almost 20,000 students and 1500 faculty members; 160 academic partners in the world collaborating in the offer of credit and dual degree programs; more than 2,000 companies providing exciting internship and networking opportunities to our international student body; more than 180 preparation centers for university admission and 108 primary and secondary schools in Turkey, serving a population of 150,000 students with more than 7,000 professors, lecturers and tutors.
The mission of BAU in Rome is to create an international class of leaders, managers, entrepreneurs and creative people in the key areas of the "Made in Italy" excellence. Programs are designed for managers, artists, designers, entrepreneurs and professionals in any sector able to combine management skills and a self-starter attitude with the passion for innovation, multiculturalism and mobility beyond borders. At BAU International Rome you will learn how creativity, innovation and internationalization make the Made in Italy a premium brand worldwide, and launch your career and business in the emerging markets of the 21st century.
BAU INTERNATIONAL ACADEMY OF ROME
Skype: iaracademy
info@iaracademy.com
www.iaracademy.com
For more information and to take part in It's LIQUID Experimental Art Architecture and Design Festival – The Labyrinth | Rome, send an e-mail to lucacurci@lucacurci.com
It's LIQUID Group
c/o Luca Curci Architects
70122 Bari (Italy)
Santa Croce, 1116
30135 Venezia (Italy)
lucacurci@lucacurci.com
www.itsliquid.com
Fashion | January 18, 2021
PANZERA was established in 2009 by two Australian passionate watch enthusiasts. They were inspired to create new and exciting watches that incorporated some of their favourite attributes and quality elements found in classic and contemporary timepieces. Originally these watches were only created for themselves and close friends to wear and enjoy. Read more
Uncategorized | January 11, 2021
ITSLIQUID Group officially presents PHOTOGRAPHER OF THE MONTH, a competition open to anyone and established to increase and develop the art market and the dialogue between collectors, art critics, journalists and art lovers. Making contemporary art accessible to all. The winners will be featured on ITSLIQUID Platform, promoted extensively worldwide and considered for any upcoming curatorial projects of ITSLIQUID Group. Read more
PHOTOGRAPHER OF THE MONTH –…
Calls | January 10, 2021
ITSLIQUID Group officially presents PHOTOGRAPHER OF THE MONTH - JANUARY 2021, a competition open to all photographers of any level worldwide and established to increase and develop the art market and the dialogue between collectors, art critics, journalists and art lovers. The winners will be featured on ITSLIQUID Platform, promoted extensively worldwide and considered for any upcoming curatorial projects of ITSLIQUID Group. Read more


"Anyone can make a baby. But who can make a film? That's hard." A friend of filmmaker Josh Appignanesi informs him of this fact — he might be joking, but it's encouraging for The New Man, an honest and personal insight into Appignanesi's process as a father-to-be and a curious and confused man with a camera. He's not alone in the process — his partner Devorah Baum co-directs the film and co-makes the baby, too.
The couple turns the camera on themselves in the documentary, revealing a naked honesty around the most difficult event of their lives. "It wasn't clear what we were doing," says Appignanesi about the inception of the project. "I had a camera and just started recording things a bit, just as an experiment." From the start of the decision-making to the reckoning with eventual trauma, the camera remains on them. "For me, I thought this was something he needed," Baum adds.
There's a great level of self-awareness in the couple's circumstances, from the lack of understanding in alien situations — the conception of new human life — to the arduous process of making a film that mirrors the difficulties of masculinity in the everyday. "There's a man who is feeling increasingly out of control of the situation," Appignanesi says, "and we realised it reflects a feeling of redundancy that maybe men in general are having these days." This allows The New Man to operate between laughs and more serious contemplation of insecurities and expectations that face contemporary masculinity.
It's a candid exploration of things that cannot be controlled — which allows for a consistent learning process, rather than a metaphorical build-up towards any one "a-ha" moment. Whereas the film plays for laughs at first, toying with the mirrored trials of two halves of one team using "new reproductive technology" as the pair playfully describes it, what transpires by the end is a more moving portrait of family and grief.
Neither of them can watch the film now, as the process reveals a mandatory catharsis, but still not one that feels honed into something that relieves the struggle that got them there. "There's a kind of nakedness," Baum says. "I understood how overwhelmingly obsessed I was with the idea of having a baby." In the editing process, the couple's difficulties with the material revealed a deeper attachment to what was on the line. "It seemed to be about editing a second of footage, but it was clearly about the story we were both prepared to tell," they admit.
The film includes conversations with friends, warning the couple about expectations and fears, dos and don'ts of becoming parents. These get deserving chuckles and punctuate a general lack of control — but it soon gives way to something more personal. As events become more silent, the people chipping in do as well. It's a brave thing to document your life when you don't know where it's going, and even more so when you know that you'll have to go through the worst in the process.
To document a milestone that every single human goes through to get here, Josh and Devorah opened up their own lives to make sense of the future to come. They're not sure if they'll ever show it to their child, now much older. "It's about being wanted, and it's about trauma," they explain. It's an essential process now captured through an unfiltered time capsule. It's difficult to verbalise but admirable to experience. Devorah asks me if I have children of my own — I don't. "There's got to be some kind of conspiracy — it's hell to have a child and so amazing to get one!," she says before warning me: "I can't tell you what you're in for." Thanks to The New Man, we can at least try and watch.
Ella Kemp (@efekemp) is a film critic and photographer based in London. She has a bachelor's degree in Film & TV studies and maintains a passionate love for good design and great relationships on screen. She writes about film, TV and music for Little White Lies, the Independent and Into the Fold.


The Board of Supervisors awarded 37 grants totaling $1.2 million under a program that allows elected officials to direct millions of tax dollars to charities and to public agencies across San Diego County.
The grants were the latest made under the Neighborhood Reinvestment Program, a $10 million annual project that has drawn criticism from taxpayer advocates as a slush fund for supervisor aggrandizement. County officials say it's a way to direct funds to worthy causes that otherwise would go without.
"Their vision is to someday live in a society where all people receive equitable opportunity to succeed professionally as well as personally," Gaspar wrote in asking her colleagues to support the award.
Gaspar also suggested giving $100,000 toward a skate park in Solana Beach and $15,000 for "wayfinding" signage in downtown Encinitas. She also suggested $15,000 for the Coastal Roots Farm to purchase post-harvest sanitation equipment.
The largest grant was $200,000 awarded to by Supervisor Dianne Jacob to the Cajon Valley Union School District to help pay for a natural grass playing field at Avocado Elementary School.
Jacob also suggested giving $45,000 to a group called Ramona Town Hall to replace a roof for the historic town hall in Ramona.


SPEEDY work. An Ebola vaccine produced in just a year provides 100 per cent protection from the virus. Preparations are under way to make it available to those at risk, including healthcare workers.
The epidemic in West Africa is largely under control but cases are still coming to light, and the virus can lurk in the body fluids of survivors for up to six months. "All affected countries should immediately start vaccinations to break chains of transmission, and vaccinate all front-line workers," says Bertrand Draguez of Médecins Sans Frontières.
Although the trial isn't yet over, the World Health Organization could recommend the vaccine's advance release. If this happens, GAVI, the Vaccine Alliance, says it will purchase and stockpile it until governments of affected countries give the go-ahead for its roll-out.
Evidence that the vaccine, initially developed by the Public Health Agency of Canada, works comes from studying how well it protected people close to those with Ebola. After three months, no recipients were infected (The Lancet, DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)61117-5).


To use our API you must be a registered user on kingsprediction.
username: Your username on kingsprediction.
password: Your password on kingsprediction.
sender: This is the sender id that will appear on the recipient's phone. Alphanumeric = 11 Characters, Numeric = 18 characters.
dest: The destination numbers where the message will be sent to. Separated with a comma(,) for multiple recipients.
msg: The message to be sent. 160 characters per message.
NOTE: The SENDER, DEST and MSG must be URL ENCODED for the API to work properly. It is advisable to pass 25 destinations at a time for multiple rceipients.
meg_report: The value should be set to "balance" to specify that you are quering your account balance.


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Did You Know: APS Was Founded By A Japanese Immigrant
Arizona has electricity today in large part because of a Japanese immigrant.
Nadine Arroyo Rodriguez
Did You Know: Arizona Is Among Top States In US For Bat Species
It's that season again for the migration of animals into Arizona. Among them will be what biologists call among the most misunderstood and unappreciated mammals.
Did You Know: Steinegger Building Is Among Phoenix's Oldest Commercial Buildings
Despite the relatively young age of Phoenix, there is history here — and some of it is hidden in plain sight.
Did You Know: Phoenix Street Railway System Moved Passengers Long Before Light Rail
For the past few years, the Metro Light Rail has connected downtown Phoenix to Valley cities. For local travelers this has been a new mode of transportation for the Valley. Well, it isn't.
Did You Know: Phoenix's Bethany Home Road Is Named After Century-Old Health Facility
A north Phoenix road is a major throughway in town, but 100 years ago is was just a small path.
Did You Know: El Paso Natural Gas Line Extended Into Phoenix
This natural resource was brought into the Valley during the Great Depression, and when it arrived it was a one of a kind.
Did You Know: Who Was ASU's First Performing Sparky Mascot?
The mascot has been an iconic symbol for decades, and there's a story behind how it was brought to life.
Did You Know: The 'House Of The Future' Was Built In Ahwatukee
A strategically sunken home in the middle of an Ahwatukee neighborhood once caught the attention of the world. It was called the "House of the Future."
Did You Know: Sacred Heart Church Opens Once A Year For Christmas Service
Did You Know … Sacred Heart Church is only opened once a year for Christmas day service?
Did You Know: Chandler Tumbleweed Tree Is One Of A Kind
Unique and interesting. That's how people who come to see it and describe it.
Did You Know: The History Behind Tempe's Rose Eisendrath House
It was designed as a winter retreat in the early 1930s. Its owners among the wealthy elites, until it was abandoned. Today, the property is among the most unique structures in the area, and it has been restored for the public.
Did You Know: Jerome Is One Of Arizona's Two National Historic Landmark Districts
It was a hustling and bustling place back in the day. And it was also among Arizona's largest cities. Today it's nationally recognized as a historic site.
Did You Know: San Carlos Hotel Was Hot Spot For Hollywood Stars
It lured top names in the entertainment industry. Grand, upscale and elegant, this famous Phoenix landmark was a true destination for the elite.
Did You Know: Ash Avenue Bridge Was Once A Pivotal Piece Of Tempe Transportation
You may have noticed it while walking in Tempe, how can you miss it? The piece of concrete sticks out like a sore thumb.
Did You Know: Phoenix Security Building Had Top Floor Penthouse
The building was once considered among the most modern structures in Phoenix. Today, the structure located in the heart of downtown, is restored in part to its heyday.
Did You Know: Scottsdale Airport Was A WWII Aviation Training Base
It's not the biggest one in town — you might even say it flies a little bit under the radar. Hollywood stars who make their stop in the Valley certainly hope so. It's history goes back to war time.
Did You Know: Tempe Was Home To Arizona State Tuberculosis Sanatorium
Perched on a hill and hidden behind bushes just off Curry Road and Mill Avenue in Tempe is a building owned by Arizona State University. It's known as the former children's hospital. Initially, the building was a tuberculosis hospital.
Did You Know: Ahwatukee's Foothills Area Originially An International Harvester Proving Ground
Some of the roads in one Phoenix community were created way before it was a community. It was a private company that helped 'pave' the area to what it is today.
Did You Know: Arizona State Fairgrounds 110 Years Old
This state venue has been a gathering place for decades. As a matter-of-fact it's been an entertainment spot even before Arizona was a state.
Did You Know: Arizona's Wild At Heart Rescue Specializes In Saving Birds Of Prey
There's no other place like it in Arizona. Its mission is saving birds, but not just any bird.


Less than two weeks ago, rumors began to circulate about Marvel planning a New 52-style reboot with their books. Teaser posters were released featuring 52 slashes and the word "FIRST" with a #1 made up of the names of the brand's biggest heroes. Shortly after those hit the web, new versions of the posters were unveiled that said that we would get our answers at this year's South By Southwest Interactive Festival. It was then on March 10th at the Marvel panel that the House of Ideas revealed some of their biggest ideas to date.
Next, we'll move on to the poster with the 52 slashes. Everyone concerned about a reboot can now be at ease because that is most definitely not happening. It turns out that the slashes actually have to do with Wolverine. Spinning out of their success with 'Avengers Vs. X-Men', Marvel's Infinite Comics were announced as regular additions to the company's publishing slate at SXSW.
Currently, we're getting a 'Guardians of the Galaxy' prequel series from Brian Michael Bendis, but starting this summer, we'll be getting even more of these unique digital comics every week. Starting with a story called 'Wolverine: Japan's Most Wanted' written by Jason Aaron and Jason Latour, with art by Paco Diaz, Marvel will be releasing four 13-part, weekly Infinite Comics every Tuesday starting on July 9th that features four of the company's biggest names. All together, there will be a total of 52 weeks of new Infinite Comics. I see what you did there, Marvel. Very cheeky.
Finally, we get to the biggest news of all. When Marvel first instituted the Marvel NOW initiative, the idea was to create a natural jumping on point for all the new readers looking to get into comics. Now, they're taking this idea to a whole new level with Marvel #1. Until 11:00pm EST on Tuesday, March 12th, Marvel is offering over 700 first issues on the Marvel Comics app, the comiXology app, and the Marvel Comics Digital Comics Shop absolutely free. The selection includes first issues from every era like 'House of M', 'Captain America Comics', 'Amazing Spider-Man', 'Civil War', and many, many more. Not only are there books from your favorite heroes to check out and explore, but also there's plenty of your favorite creators as well such as Joss Whedon, Stan Lee, Brian Michael Bendis, Matt Fraction, Robert Kirkman, Ed Brubaker, Mark Waid, Kevin Smith, and more.
"At its core, Marvel #1 is all about bringing new readers into the fold. That doesn't just mean fans who have never read a comic, but [also] longtime fans [who want] to jump into books they may have been waiting to try. With a plethora of great content and digital devices—be it tablets or smart phones—in more hands than ever, there is no better time to launch an initiative such as this.
Unfortunately, due to the overwhelming demand for these free issues, the servers couldn't keep up with the downloads from Sunday night to Monday afternoon. Comixology's head David Steinberger announced on the company's blog that their systems are struggling to keep up. Because so many fans using the apps essentially crashed them, the promotion has to be temporarily postponed.
Before the promotion was put on hold, many fans (including me) managed to snag numerous amounts of comics for free. Be on the look out for Marvel #1 to return so that you too can get your hands on some.
Marvel definitely brought their best to SXSW this year. These are some of the biggest announcements in the entire comic book industry in the past decade probably. It just goes to show that Marvel is absolutely at the top of their game these days. What do you think about Project: Gamma, Infinite Comics, and Marvel #1? Are you thoroughly satisfied with these new offerings from Marvel Comics? Share your thoughts in the comments below!


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SPA Ultimate radiates chemistry to defeat Washburn
With their backs facing ethereal rays underneath a dusk sun, the SPA Ultimate team demonstrated newfound cohesiveness at their game against Minneapolis Washburn on May 4. The newly formed SPA Ultimate team continued their winning streak against Minneapolis Washburn in another close game. Located on an unfamiliar field at the Eagan Community Center, from the start of the game it was clear the teams were evenly matched.
Although ultimate itself is not new at SPA, this year's official team, pampered jerseys, and routine practices have been implemented and enforced to ensure the team wins close games like that of May 4. Director of Computer Science and Engineering Kate Lockwood and US History teacher Ryan Oto both serve as head coaches.
"So far the season has been really awesome. I think a lot of us expected to be losing all our games because it's our first year as an official team, but we've actually won a lot. We are all just having a ton of fun. I was intimidated at first because it's mostly guys, but it's such a fun environment and a great group of people," junior Maya Shrestha.
Throughout the game, SPA's energy never wavered and likewise, Washburn's enthusiasm remained constant. In a series of well-executed passes, beautiful plays and increased cheering from the sidelines, by half time SPA was up 8-4.
By the second half, Washburn clearly increased their intensity. In a series of toss overs, some miscommunication from both teams and fluctuating conditions, Washburn was steadily catching up. As scores were nearing double digits, both SPA and Washburn continually pushed through tough calls and increasingly windy weather.
By the time the score was 14-14, SPA ignited new found energy, effort and resilience to work even harder than the first half. This sentiment was even more apparent when the score was tied at 15-15: the next point would decide the winner. Washburn, in a dazzling attempt to sneak a great pass against SPA to score missed, permitting SPA to have the chance to win, which they did in an eloquent pass to senior Jonny Addicks O'Toole to finish the game with a final score of 16-15.
"The energy was really great. Both teams played really well and I think it was one of the best games of our season. We both played really well and it was a fun and spirited game that went to the very end," sophomore Reuben Vizelman said.
In an ultimate tradition, at the end of the game, both teams congratulated each other and offered gifts to valuable players.
"We only really have one tradition which is the spirit fruit. After the game, the team gets together and decides people from the other team who embody the spirit of the game. We give them a spirit fruit, last night was fruit snacks," Vizelman said.
To check statistics and upcoming games and check out the 2017 High School Spring League website.