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HomePosts tagged 'Dr Rochelle Walensky'
Dr Rochelle Walensky
January 2, 2022 January 1, 2022 Joe Messerli Daily Memes	Dr Rochelle Walensky, Dr. Fauci
How to Instantly Shut Down Debate
Watch Fauci, Walensky, and other government health officials when they're asked to cite research on ANYTHING to back up their Covid assertions. "It's settled science." "There's overwhelming evidence…" "There's been many studies to prove." "The science is so clear that I'm not even going to waste my time discussing…" "The medical community shows clear consensus on…"
Notice a pattern? That's right–they never actually answer the question. The easiest way to evade an answer is to use one of these stock answers, which the obsequious, scientifically-illiterate media inevitably swallows. And if someone like Dr. Rand Paul cites contradictory studies, they use the Fauci special: attack the source! Say it's a political attack. Call it "misinformation." "That person has been thoroughly discredited." Or say the study has been "debunked." Again, the question is never answered. The conversation topic is shut down, and no studies are actually ever discussed.
Fauci has been using these techniques for decades going all the way back to the AIDS research projects he headed. Do you ever wonder why after almost 40 years and hundreds of billions of dollars spent in AIDS research, we still don't have a vaccine? Many scientists believe it's because Fauci & colleague's HIV virus causal link was flawed from the start and not backed by definitive research. As he's done with Covid, once the HIV virus explanation took hold, he just used the "settled science" technique to shut down debate, then used the media and his massive funding control to destroy & discredit anyone who challenged him. Of course, it's so much easier with Covid since the Big Tech censorship goons take out all the opposition for him.
Social Media Posts of the Day
Rodgers Torches NFL Vax/Unvaxxed Two-Class System
'Incredibly Embarrassing': Critics React to What MSNBC Host Admitted on Live TV About Fauci
5 Important Stories Mainstream Media Has Been Ignoring in Favor Covid Fear and Divide
Climate Change & Global Warming Meme Gallery 2
December 27, 2021 December 26, 2021 Joe Messerli Daily Memes	CDC, Covid-19, Dr Rochelle Walensky, Dr. Fauci
Random Thoughts of the Day
It always amazes me that so many people ignore the obvious right in front of their faces if the media and government tell them too. All the pro sports leagues are at or near 100% vax rates, and they have some of the strictest masking, distancing, and quarantining policies of any profession, yet Covid is spreading like wildfire through all of them. Maybe, just maybe, it's not some crazy conspiracy theory to point out that the powers-that-be may be wrong in their strictly-censored version of "science?" The CDC is a POLITICAL organization. Dr. Fauci and Rochelle Walensky are POLITICAL appointees. If they don't say what the politicians want, they'll be replaced. Most of the CDC masking & other guidelines are based on a few cherry-picked studies that can't possibly simulate the conditions of the real world, especially with a new virus taking many forms. Again, use your eyes and common sense–places like New York, Michigan, and California, which follow CDC guidelines to a cultish degree, all have massive case numbers. Shaming & forcing masks & vaccines on people, when they clearly don't work as well as advertised, only has one purpose–DIVIDE THE COUNTRY. Having Americans direct their anger at each other means they won't direct their anger where it belongs–the fascist politicians who have failed every step of the way, as well as a corrupt media that has created an insane environment of fear which doesn't come close to matching reality.
Tim Scott Calls Out the Notable 'Falsehoods' the Biden Administration Told in 2021
Yes, Master: Amazon Takes Down Bad Reviews of Chinese President's Book
WHO Blasts Additional Jabs: 'No Country Can Boost Its Way Out of the Pandemic'
August 7, 2021 August 6, 2021 Joe Messerli Daily Memes	CDC, Dr Rochelle Walensky, liberal fascism
The Center of Dictatorship Control
Rochelle Walensky head of the CDC, is a POLITICAL APPOINTEE of Joe Biden. The CDC is a GOVERNMENT organization with funding & top jobs controlled by politicians. So why do we blindly follow whatever they say like lemmings? I ask Biden voters, if a political appointee of Donald Trump told you how you and your company needed to live the rest of your lives, would you just go along with it? And why should the CDC have to meet with the White House and Teachers' Unions BEFORE issuing guidance on masks, etc.? If they're really "science" based, shouldn't they only be consulting other scientists? 🤔
They're Provoking Us, You Know – Chris Stigall
GOP Might Have Found Their Winning Midterm Message…Thanks to the CDC – Matt Vespa
Laura Ingraham Calls for New Tea Party Movement to Combat Assault on Liberty
Just for Fun/Non-Political Meme Gallery 8


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You are here: Foswiki>Andypublic Web>BlogNovember2002>TheGlastonburyPlay (03 Nov 2002, andyp)Edit Attach
Performed in a marquee in The Nature Centre (next to Cannon Hill Park) "The Glastonbury Play" promised a re-creation of the Glastonbury experience, with live music from UB40 and Ocean Colour Scene. Unfortunately, neither band appeared, but they were replaced by Simon Munnery (The League Against Tedium)and a 3 piece band whose name I missed.
Sat on the hessian floor of the marquee, perched on a bin-bag to keep the damp off, and surrounded by punters drinking and smoking, the atmosphere of Glastonbury was certainly there. The excellent set design by Damian Hirst also helped - two rotating platforms which changed from tent-outside to tent-inside, a comedy stage, more tents, including "The Molecule Of Sound" (similar to the real Miniscule Of Sound, but smaller), standing stones etc. The painted backgrounds also captured the views of glastonbury.
The evening opened with the band - playing an "encore" to the Glastonbury crowd. Then the play opened, the story of various festival goers - a lost heavy drinker, a festival virgin (Marie), a pop-idol's PR man and his model girlfriend, a Liverpudlian who prefers to watch the festival on TV from his tent, and a traveller-like "activist" beloved by women(Fred). Fred and Marie gave particularly good performances.
Afterwards, we were treated to more music from the band and comic songs from Keith Allen (who both acted and directed).
I've only two problems with the play, firstly, I'd have skipped the last minute or so of the plot and secondly Keith Allen's bizare and inappropriate final comment after failing to solicit anyone else to perform on stage.
Topic revision: r1 - 03 Nov 2002, andyp

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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revizionne
Legend Of Kung Fu Tv Show
The Best kung fu movies. The movie: Takashi Miike's flick is a loose remake of the 1. Eiichi Kudo, yet it pays a lot of respect to Japanese auteur Kurosawa. Is it a historical actioner? Or a blood- soaked morality tale? Well, to be honest, it's both.
This guide to "Kung Fu", the 1970's television series shown on ABC and produced by Warner Brothers, relates the quotations from the show to the real history of the. The story is set in the Valley of Peace, a fictional land in ancient China inhabited by anthropomorphic animals. Po, a giant panda, is a kung fu fanatic who.
The Legend of the Drunken Master (1994): The first Drunken Master movie, from 1978, was the film that launched Jackie Chan's career, and all things equal is probably.
Information of the TV series Kung Fu with David Carradine as Kwai Chang Caine. Television show created by Ed Spielman, developed by Herman Miller, produced by Jerry.
Kung Fu Panda 3 is a 2016 3D American-Chinese computer-animated action comedy martial arts film, produced by DreamWorks Animation and Oriental DreamWorks, and.
Kung Fu Panda is a CG-animated Dramedy from DreamWorks Animation, balanced between Funny Animal humor, gorgeous art, and epic martial arts action.
The movie: The second part of Quentin Tarantino's kung fu cinema homage continues the journey of Uma Thurman's Bride as she works her way through a kill list of revenge.
Master Monkey is one of the supporting characters of the Kung Fu Panda franchise. He is a member of the Furious Five as well as one of Master Shifu's students at the.
Comedy Central Short Form presents the latest animations, topical sketches and web series from both established and up-and-coming comedians. It's the only place to go.
A description of tropes appearing in Kung Fu Panda: Legends of Awesomeness. The DreamWorks Animation team and Nickelodeon have teamed up to bring the popular
Master Oogway was an elderly tortoise and the previous senior master of the Jade Palace. He is credited as the founder of the Valley of Peace, the creator of kung fu.
Kung Fu Panda: Legends of Awesomeness; Genre: Comedy Action/Adventure Martial arts Fantasy: Developed by: Peter Hastings: Voices of: Mick Wingert Fred Tatasciore.
The adventures of a Shaolin Monk as he wanders the American West armed only with his skill in Kung Fu.
Kwai Chang Caine was a priest at a Shaolin temple, where his son Peter also lived and studied. The temple was destroyed and father and son each thought the other had.
It takes place in 1. Naritsugu, the illegitimate half brother of a Shogun, climbs the criminal ranks, murdering and raping as he pleases. It's up to a wise samurai and his trusted cohorts to take him out. Things get a bit violent. Coolest fight: Surrounded by the dead and dying, Naritsugu and the samurai face off, leaving each other in a pretty sorry state.
Iconic moment: The final sequence as the assassins lay a carefully- orchestrated trap in a small village. This team uses such 'weapons' as bisons on fire and spiked gates that mangle anyone who attempts to pass.
Now another, and another, and another.(Lee- You dies)Po: You have said farewell? Young KCC: As best I could. Po: Death has had no victory, Grasshopper. Young KCC: But Lee- You is gone. Po: Is he not still here, labor upon labor, piece by piece, beauty upon beauty.
Will not food and new clothing strengthen him to go out and cause more suffering? Kan: It may. It is through these roots we draw nourishment and strength. KCC: And I am a man standing on one leg.
Po: Do you know nothing about him, Grasshopper, you father? KCC: I remember a troubled, quiet young man. All I have in this world is this sword. KCC: The other is empty.
Po: Look! You stare back and say nothing. Po: A piece of cloth upon a wall.


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National Security / Jackie Gingrich Cushman / September 23, 2021
Lack of Leadership Exacerbates Southern Border Crisis
Mitigation will take much more than talk; it will take clear, swift action.
Print Listen
In March, as the number of encounters between illegal immigrants and U.S. Border Patrol agents was increasing on our southern border, President Joe Biden appointed Vice President Kamala Harris to take charge of the problem. "I can think of nobody who's better qualified to do this," Biden said of Harris. "When she speaks, she speaks for me."
Since then, the crisis has escalated. The number of encounters this month is likely to be astronomical.
How do I know? Just look at the numbers. In February, right before Harris was put in charge, there were 101,099 southwest land border encounters between migrants and Border Patrol agents, according to the U.S. Customs and Border Protection website. The year before, there had been 36,697 such encounters.
There was clearly a crisis as the volume had almost tripled in a year. Unfortunately, the crisis has gotten worse since Harris was put in charge. Last month, there were 208,887 encounters, more than quadruple the 50,014 encounters from the same month last year. Former President Donald Trump's tweets about the problem may have been mean, but he was clear about controlling the borders of our nation, and many would-be migrants appear to have taken him at his word.
Why do people seek to cross illegally at our southern border? Simple — they believe that, even if they are caught, they may still be able to stay in the United States. They will continue to come until we ensure that there are very few ways to cross illegally, and we send back those who do cross. Otherwise, many will decide it's a risk that they are willing to take.
Our policy of releasing families into the United States has dramatically increased the number of family units and unaccompanied minors coming into our country illegally. It also allows for the potential abuse of children by smugglers. The Department of Homeland Security has broken up rings of smugglers who recycle children. Smugglers use them to pose as members of a family whose heads of household are seeking asylum. Once the group is released into the United States, the smugglers arrange for the children to be returned to Mexico to cross northward again — as part of another family unit.
So far, this fiscal year, which ends this month, the encounters have totaled 1,541,651. Last year, the encounters for the same months were 400,414. This is a vast humanitarian and national security crisis.
Recently, thousands of people have been gathering in makeshift camps in Del Rio, Texas, under the Del Rio-Ciudad Acuna International Bridge, after crossing illegally into the United States. They have surged to this area because they had heard that the border was open. These thousands include many Haitians, some of whom had been living in South America for years and have decided that now is a good time to try to make their ways into the United States.
Overwhelmed, U.S. authorities are busing them to processing centers. Unfortunately, with so many people swarming the border, we have stretched the abilities of our limited personnel. Riding in buses without restraints, the results have been disastrous.
According to a Washington Examiner article titled, "Haitian migrants in custody have 'hijacked' multiple buses," by Anna Giaritelli, Haitian passengers have overpowered the drivers and escaped into our country.
"They've actually hijacked a couple of the buses and driven them down the road a little ways and escaped," a senior federal law enforcement official told the Washington Examiner on Tuesday. "This happened multiple times."
They were traveling in "boarded-up school buses and commercial coach buses," and these hijackings happened on the way to the processing centers as well as on the way to the airport for deportation, according to Giaritelli.
Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas, who traveled on Monday to Del Rio, tried to dissuade additional people from entering by saying the southern U.S. border is "not open." Additionally, he promised that anyone caught entering the country illegally would be sent back. "Your journey will not succeed, and you will be endangering your life and your family's lives," he said.
While his message was clear, its impact remained fuzzy. It will take much more than talk; it will take clear, swift action and bold leadership to convince people that crossing into our country illegally is not worth the risk.
COPYRIGHT 2021 JACKIE CUSHMAN
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Audit, Banking, Legal, Management & Business Organisation.
Food processing & related fields of engineering.
Wide-ranging acquaintance with many other areas of technology.
Networked to handle most project & high volume work.


Michel Pastouret has always shown great passion for nature and environment. In 1995 he and his wife Jeanne decided to give a personal touch to their production and to keep their vines in harmony with their environment. Respecting Dame Nature's rights and following the principles of organic agriculture, they gave up using chemicals, weed-killers and insecticides, thus allowing their wines to bear the "organic culture" stamp . Since they assumed the organic culture technical requirements, legalised in 1997, they have been granted the AB stamp by the CONI'ROLE ECOCERT AS F32 600. Ever since , Michel and Jeanne have been continuously watching over the production of this faultless quality required by the making of organic wines. It's a warrant .
Moreover, the Domain is an A.O.C.wine as a Costières de Nîmes .
In order to preserve the specific character of soil and vine , the grape s are processed with strict ancestral know-how. They are harvested, then separated from their stalks before they follow the traditional wine-making methods in the wine cellars of the Domain.
A continuous watch is kept over the natural process . Our wines receive no addition on top of their natural components - ( no sugar ... etc). The wine is made with a modern equipment agreed by the Health Standards of the European Union, in thermo--regulated vats in which it is macerating for 15 to 35 days, according to the variety of the grapes . Some wines would age for 1 to 2 years in casks before being bottled . The annual output varies between 100 to 200.000 bottles .
A computer system gives the Pastouret family the necessary data bases to control all activities of the domain up to a particularly efficient Customer Service .
We sell our wines on the estate itself, and also export to other European markets . For exports to Canada and Japan, please do not hesitate to consult us . Information and sales can also be achieved by means of our website enabling online orders to be treated with the cart system ( security payment through the BANQUE POPULAIRE) which is possible for each page. Information and e-mail address forms are available to each customer who can then enquire about availabilities of stock. We are selling our products in France and Europe and plan to increase our presence in other parts of the world.
All the characteristics of our wines are described in our website . Our total production is achieved by personal craftsmanship . Transport service is assured by "SOLINILO", a specialized firm, as well as by postal service - the "registered Colissimo" form is the best adapted to our needs . Carriage or postal costs as well as administration and packing costs are included in the transport charges .
OUR ETHICS: Our Domain can thrive only through the assurance that the customer will receive the product of irreproachable quality he has ordered . Efficiency in our winemaking is our main priority. Michel Pastouret is the one person who guarantees that.
We, Jeanne and Michel, remain at your service. Each one, in his field within the company feels personally responsible toward the customers . This responsibility must progress constantly. Naturally drawing its inspiration from years of past experience its duty is to look toward the future. It is the oath we decided to take , sure of our exceptional know-how and anxious for enthusiastic customers to share it as they will share the qualities of this wine born from grapes grown on organically cultivated vines.
Jeanne et Michel font partie de ces très rares artisans, dont le travail et la passion vous garantissent des produits de très grande qualité.


Give your garden a Spring makeover! Good value perennials, herbs, vegetable seedlings, annuals and cut flower plants will be available to buy as well as crafts, chutneys and produce. Bouncy castle and café kiosk open. Come and meet our new baby pygmy goats and lambs.
Wellies and a coat may be needed so check the weather before the event.


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Q: Class 'Illuminate\Routing\ControllerServiceProvider' not found Show at the project of I am up the Laravel version from 5.1 to 5.2 and error is not found.
I have consulted many solutions like removing
Illuminate\Foundation\Providers\ArtisanServiceProvider &
Illuminate\Routing\ControllerServiceProvider
after that run command composer dump-auto but it is not be deced. There is being kept failed.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The El Toro Freshmen Chargers and the San Juan Hills Stallions met on Wednesday afternoon for the final game of the Freshmen season and for what would turn out to be a great come back victory for the Freshmen Chargers. The game started off with back and forth touchdown drives by each team and an El Toro Touchdown run by #23 Adrian Mendoza. Mendoza setup the Chargers first touchdown with some hard runs to get the offense into the red zone. The rest of the first half turned in a few drives for the Chargers offense that did not result any points and the defense allowing the Stallions to score three more times to make the halftime score 28-6 Stallions.
The Chargers took the half time to get focused and get fired up to play their last 24 minutes of the season. Coach Tisdale and the coaching staff deciding to make some changes on defense during half-time, and the change sparked by #1 Dylan Reynolds seeing the defensive side of the field for the first time this season. The defense began to wreak havoc on the Stallions offense, On the first defensive series of the second half Reynolds forced a fumble and recovered it giving the ball to the Chargers offense for the first time in the second half to begin their comeback. #12 Stephen Gutierrez led the offense down the field with a big completion to #81 Brent McClellan and another one to #21 Jaden Bates but were unable to punch it in and turned it over on downs. The offense showed it was ready and starting to put things together and make some big plays.
The Chargers defense fired up continued to give the Stallions trouble with Reynolds forcing another fumble and recovering it on the Stallions 45-yard line. Gutierrez behind the protection of his Chargers offensive line#75 Collin Duval, #76 Brendon Gardner, #56 Nathan Hollenbaugh and #78 Jamison Zonaga took advantage of the turn-over this time and hit #25 Bryce Miller for a 20-yard gain which setup a TD run on the next play by #10 Adam Vilte following his downfield blocking by #25 Miller and #32 Timothy Brenner. Gutierrez finished the drive off with a run to score the 2-Point conversion making the score 28-14. Chargers defense took the field again after the kickoff and didn't let up, Chargers defense made several tackles for a loss with Reynolds and #42 Ryan Cote living in the Stallions backfield, Reynolds forced another fumble and he recovered the ball on the Stallions 34-yard line. Gutierrez and the Charger offense wasted no time taking advantage, as Gutierrez hit #28 Josh Peters on a go route for a huge Chargers TD and capped it off when Adam Vilte hit the extra point making the score 28-21.
Raul Franco #19 on the ensuing kickoff pinned the Stallions deep, putting the Chargers defense in great position. The defense still fired up made 3 more tackles for a loss forcing the Stallions to punt from their end zone, the defense feeling it go all out on the punt block and Reynolds getting into the air blocked the punt and gave the Chargers offense the ball on the 9-yard line. Gutierrez and the offense take over and on the first play, Gutierrez rolls to the right and ran it in for the touchdown, Gutierrez hit #81 Brent McClellan over the middle for a two-point conversion to take the lead at 29-28 with about 9 minutes left in the game.
The Chargers defense still having their way with the Stallions offense, Reynolds forces another fumble that was recovered by #34 Caleb Johnson, however the Stallions were not going away quietly put together a defensive stand and forced the Chargers to punt after the turnover. The Stallions than put together a drive of their own to score, however the Charger defense stood tall and prevented the two-point conversion making the score 34-29 Stallions.
1:53 seconds left in the game, after the kickoff by the Stallions the Chargers offense took over and marched it down the field 75 yards with some great runs by #5 Niiko Antoniou, #10 Adam Vilte and #22 Dimitri Kupauloff getting the Chargers into the red zone, Gutierrez rolling to his right saw an opening and took off to the end zone making a diving play to the pylon to score in epic fashion and take the lead back. Gutierrez hit Dimitri Kupauloff in the end zone for anther two-point conversion to make it a 3-point game and the score 37-34 Chargers with 12 seconds left in the game.


十多年前,可以到國外留學的學生大多是拿公費, 獎學金被學費及住宿費瓜分後總是所剩無幾, 民生問題自然是隨便解決。 一位台灣留學生每天中午都靠便宜的自助餐打發。 直到有一天,餐廳來了一個黑人廚師, 每次他總是多給台灣留學生一些菜。 起初,這位留學生以為廚師是不小心,但幾次之後, 他發現廚師不只對他,只要是台灣來的留學生都受到他的照顧。 對隻身在外的他們而言,這無疑是一股暖流, 也證明了人間處處有溫情。 不久,他終於完成學業,返國前夕, 他忍不住跑去找那位廚師…… 「這一段日子多虧您的照顧,」 他眼框中! 泛著淚水, 「只是,我想問您,為什麼對台灣留學生特別好呢?」 「沒什麼啦!」黑人廚師淺淺的笑了起來, 「因為我們黑人都被瞧不起,直到我去台灣旅行過, 才發現你們台灣很多廟裡的神都是黑人, 只有台灣人尊敬黑人.....」 ............ ............ ............ 沒禮貌!! 不准笑 !!!
妻子: 再等 5 分 鐘..
『Family』呢,就是『f-a-m-i-l-y』『家庭』,就是 father and mother I love you !
He said: You're "A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K".
Fantastic (極好的), Gorgeous (華麗燦爛的), Hot (熱情的)".
He said-- "I'm Just Kidding" --- 我是開玩笑的 !
老外不解,問:What are you sorry for ?
蒼蠅小孩說 : 媽媽 ! 為什麼我們三餐都吃這個東西 ?
Caller : Hello, can I speak to Annie Wan (anyone) ?
Caller : No, I want to speak to Annie Wan (anyone) !
Operator : You are talking to someone ! Who is this ?
Caller : I'm Sam Wan (Someone). And I need to talk to Annie Wan (anyone) ! It's urgent.
Operator : I know you are someone and you want to talk to anyone ! But what's this urgent matter about ?
Caller : Well... just tell my sister Annie Wan (anyone) that our brother Noel Wan (no one) has involved in an accident.
Noel Wan (no one)got injured and now Noel Wan (no one) is being sent to the hospital.
Right now, Avery Wan (everyone) is on his way to the hospital.
Operator : Look if no one was injured and no one was sent to the hospital, then the accident isn't an urgent matter !
You may find this hilarious but I don't have time for this !
Caller : You are so rude ! Who are you?
Caller : Yes ! You should be sorry. Now give me your name !
某男看到一則廣告:不開刀、不住院、讓你的生殖器輕輕鬆變大變粗!大喜,立即匯款。數日,收到郵包,急切地打開一看................. FX$*%@ 竟然是一個 放大 鏡 !
親熱後, 老頭嘆: "一條河水早已乾, 兩座乳山成平川, 只剩兩顆葡萄乾 。"
老太太嘆: "茅草堆裡到處翻, 始終不見槍和彈, 只見一根蘿蔔小而彎 。"
第四種:護士小姐 :她常說: "把褲子脫下來 ... !"
第五種:小學老師 :她常說: "做不好, 就罰你重做一百遍 ...!"
第六種:車長小姐: 她常說: "再進一點.. 再擠進去一點.. 裡面還很空!"
男人常讚歎:" 她真美!" 女人常感慨: " 他可真有錢!"
一男人總找不到女朋友,無奈就去算命. 算命大師說:" 你,前半生註定沒女人." 那人眼睛一亮:" 那我後半生應該有吧?" 算命師說: " 哎,到了後半生你就習慣了一個人的生活了."


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Martha Davis Vignes
LAUNCH Day: The Southeast AL AHEC Pilot Mentor Program
Dr. Marvin Lowe, Director for the Bullock County Technical Center in Unions Springs, AL hosted the long-awaited launch of the Southeast AL AHEC Pilot Mentor Program on Tuesday, October 1, 2019. Six student mentors from Auburn University's Harrison School of Pharmacy were matched with six senior-level student mentees from Bullock County to hold sessions in ACT Prep, Interviewing Skills, Financial Literacy for College, and Essay Writing during the next eight months: October 2019-May 2020.
The program is part of the SEAAHEC mission to provide greater access to health care through building and sustaining a healthcare workforce in the SEAAHEC 15-county service area. A campus tour of Auburn University and a Certificate Program are scheduled, respectively in February and May 2020.
The Auburn Pharmacy students demonstrate Auburn's mission as a land-grant university to give back to the citizens through "core missions of education, research, and outreach - "according to Dr. Richard Hansen, Professor and Dean of the Harrison School of Pharmacy. Dr. Hansen upholds these missions in his role as Dean and in his service as a SEAAHEC board member.
Under the supervision of Dr. Paul Jungnickel, Auburn Professor and Associate Dean of Academic Programs, the interested, pharmacy students applied to serve as mentors and agreed to drive from Auburn to Union Springs once a month in support of the students in Bullock County who are interested to pursue a healthcare career.
In theory and based on a 2018 National Institute of Health study, mentorship is a relationship building program that "involves both a coaching and an educational role, requiring a generosity of time, empathy, a willingness to share knowledge and skills… of others.[1]
In practice, it is partnership among like-minded entities and individuals: a rural technical center, a regional, land-grant university, a regional non-profit organization, and willing health professions and high school students – all working together and dedicated to building a stronger health care workforce in Southeast Alabama.
[1] Burgess, A., Diggele, C. V., & Mellis, C. (2018). Mentorship in the health professions: a review. The Clinical Teacher, 15(3), 197–202. doi: 10.1111/tct.12756. Retrieved from:


I have spent some time looking at the Department for International Development blogging site and am impressed by the way it operates.
The terms and conditions it sets out for users are very clear.
The use of mapping is good, especially given the wide geographical scope of potential posters.
It offers RSS feeds in a clear and prominent way.
And the posts so far have managed to hit a good blog tone of mixing personal impresssions with substantive content.


Skin infections are very common occurrences throughout life. Some infections are self-limiting and resolve on their own, but many others require medical attention. Bacterial skin infections technically have specific names based on their origin and extent, but in the medical community they are often lumped into one of two categories: "boil" or "abscess." This article will clarify the technical terms that are used to describe the diagnosis of infections that are caused by the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus (also known as "staph" for short).
A special case of folliculitis that is not caused by the bacterium S. aureus is hot tub folliculitis. This self-limited infection is caused by a different bacterium called Pseudomonas aeruginosin that can be contracted from hot tubs, whirlpools, and pools that have inadequate chlorine levels.
A carbuncle can simply be defined as multiple furuncles that are grouped together. A carbuncle usually involves the deeper layers of the skin: the subcutaneous fat. It looks like a large, red nodule, feels hot, and may have visible layers of pus just beneath the surface of the skin.
Mild cases of folliculitis and small furuncles may heal on their own with good hygiene and wound care. More extensive furuncles and all carbuncles need to be treated with antibiotics such as dicloxacillin or cephalexin. If pus or in duration (a hard mass) are present, in addition to antibiotics, a procedure called incision and drainage (I&D) should be performed to drain the pus and allow the lesion to heal from the inside out.
If you are concerned that you may have a skin infection, such as folliculitis, hot tub folliculitis, a carbuncle, or a furuncle, ask your general practitioner for a referral to a dermatologist, a doctor who specializes in treating the skin, hair, and nails. A dermatologist can evaluate whatever is bothering you, make a diagnosis, and come up with an appropriate treatment plan. Sometimes skin infections are minor, but other times they can be life-threatening, so it's always a smart idea to see a doctor right away to be safe.


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GIS Basics
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Data Input Techniques in GIS
Introduction In this blog post I'll give you an overview four data input techniques in GIS (ie. four ways to create a GIS map). Let me show you how to digitize in
GIS Analyst – What Does One Do?
What is a GIS Analyst? In other posts I've talked about the many aspects of GIS, particularly the technology, issues with data, and the way GIS technology is used. In this
About GIS
Raster vs Vector GIS
Introduction Raster Geographical Information Systems and vector Geographical Information Systems operate differently and are used to address different types of geographical problems. The Raster vs Vector GIS question is rarely one
The Importance of Data Currency and Data Consistency
For Attribute data, Data Currency and Data Consistency are very important concepts. When you've finished reading this post you'll understand that you can't just pick up an old dataset and
GIS Data Sources – Map Archives and Old Reports
Its not always possible to get all the data you want for your project off-the-shelf. Archives and Old Reports are one of a number of incredibly important GIS data sources.
What determines the scale of a map in GIS?
What determines the scale of a map in a Geographical Information System? There is a fantastic post about cartographic scale on the National Geographic site. The article makes the point
Choropleth Map Data Classification
Choropleth Map Data Classification A Choropleth Map is also known as a Shaded Map and a Thematic Map Today, I am going to talk about Choropleth Map Data Classification. This is a
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What is Quantum GIS What is Quantum GIS (QGIS) - its a brand of Geographical Information System that is Open Source and so free. Its been around since around 2002 and
What is Spatial Data
What is Spatial Data The four simple map structures in a GIS are Points, Lines, Polylines and Polygons. If you were to on-screen digitize the figure above then each of the
Digital Map Products and the GIS Revolution
A typical map storage facility. This one is from the US Library of Congress (photo Beatriz M Haspo, 2011) There will always be a place for paper maps because sometimes computer
GIS Metadata – The 5Ws
Have you ever wondered how GIS Analysts work their way through thousands of files of data? How do they manage to extract information about certain locations and their characteristics in
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Points, Lines, Polygons, and Polylines in a GIS are dumb graphics. We make them intelligent by attaching attributes to them. That way we can tell that a point is a
Air Photo Interpretation
There's a lot you can tell just by looking at an air photograph. However, you shouldn't just be a "tourist" when you look at air photos. Below, we've listed the top
Top 10 Most Common Traps With Census Maps
There are many potential Traps with Census maps. Below, we talk about the most common you'll likely find: Privacy Small populations must be disguised for privacy reasons. This gives people the confidence to
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Question: Why do we need Geographic Information Systems like Quantum GIS, ArcInfo, ArcView, MapInfo, Caliper software, GRASS and Manifold? The answer: In this Introduction To GIS Data Concepts, I'm going to
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SQL for GIS Table Query - Introduction Structured Query Language (SQL) is a very common, very generic language in computer systems. It has implementations in lots of different brands of databases
The History and Development of GIS
Are you interested in Geographic information systems? If so, you'll be surprised to know they are considered among the most fascinating technological developments of modern times. What Is GIS? The term GIS refers
GIS Software – How It Works
The advances in modern mapping technology are exciting to say the least. GIS is now going where no mapping system has ever gone before. Remember the old paper maps we used just
GIS Analysts – The Cold, Hard Truth
Employment opportunities for a GIS Analyst have continued to expand, year over year. With most of the major land planning now being done with the help of automated systems and computer
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Are you aware of the fact that GIS models play a significant role in economic development? Geographical information systems have been playing a great role in recording and presenting ecological and
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This Earth is diverse in all its glory, from people to cultures to regions. Is it not fascinating that different attributes of different places make us stand apart, but the
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Sure, you may know most of the ways GIS remote sensing is used in its standard element of mapping. You may have studied the various image taking processes from planes
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La Federació de Futbol de les Seychelles (; SFF) és la institució que regeix el futbol a Seychelles. Agrupa tots els clubs de futbol del país i es fa càrrec de l'organització de la Lliga seychellesa de futbol i la Copa. També és titular de la Selecció de futbol de Seychelles absoluta i les de les altres categories.

Va ser fundada el 1980.
 Afiliació a la FIFA: 1986
 Afiliació a la CAF: 1986

Referències

Seychelles
Esport a les Seychelles

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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ANZ Stadium Questioned after Metal Pegs Found on Field during Match
ANZ Stadium has taken another knock to player confidence in the playing surface after a footballer found three sharp metal pegs lying on the grass during a recent first grade AFL match. A Sydney Swans player reportedly found the stakes during the first quarter of the match against Collingwood on June 25.
A spokesperson for the venue said "stringent procedures are undertaken in the lead-up to any event to ensure the entire playing surface is free of objects and ready for play. If it is the case that one or two pins have remained in the turf despite these checks, we would be surprised and disappointed… The stadium acknowledges that it has a fundamental obligation to provide a safe playing environment and on this occasion the stadium failed to meet that standard."
Turf Issues - A Common Theme
The issue of venue playing surface safety and suitability is a recurring theme in major sporting venues: in 2010 #*IT Happens published two stories about venues (Etihad Stadium and Energy Australia Stadium) whose playing fields were called into question.
This also isn't the first time ANZ Stadium's surface has come under fire: in 2008 a number of players complained the surface was too soft for AFL. The stadium is particularly vulnerable to turf issues in the football season because it is also used as a permanent home ground for three rugby league teams.
The maintenance and quality of the playing field is a critical business function for any sporting venue and should be thoroughly examined under their venue risk assessments and business continuity plans. Venue operators must make certain that rigorous mitigation procedures are implemented to ensure critical controls are effective and closely monitored.


Renting a 40 yard dumpster will get you a container that holds about 40 cubic yards of waste. Dumpster sizes and dimensions aren't totally standard from company to company, but common measurements for a 40 yard container are 22 feet long by 8 feet wide by 8 feet high. This is the biggest size that most dumpster firms usually rent, so it is ideal for big residential projects in addition to for commercial and industrial use.
You can put most kinds of debris into a in Macon. There are, nevertheless, some exclusions. For instance, you cannot place chemicals into a dumpster. That includes motor oil, paints, solvents, automotive fluids, pesticides, and cleaning agents. Electronic Equipment and batteries are also prohibited. If something presents an environmental danger, you likely cannot place it in a dumpster. Get in touch with your rental business if you are unsure.
That leaves most forms of debris that you can place in the dumpster, include drywall, concrete, lumber, and yard waste. Pretty much any sort of debris left from a construction job can go in the dumpster.
Certain types of acceptable debris, nevertheless, may require additional fees. If you intend to throw away used tires, mattresses, or appliances, you need to ask the rental business whether you need to pay another fee. Adding these to your dumpster may cost anywhere from $25 to $100, depending on the thing.
What if I need my dumpster in Macon picked up early?
When you make arrangements to rent a dumpster in Macon, part of your rental agreement contains a specified duration of time you are permitted to use the container. You normally base this time on how long you think your project might take. The bigger the project, the longer you will need the dumpster. Most firms in Macon give you a rate for a certain amount of days. If you exceed that quantity of days, you'll pay another fee daily. In case the project goes more quickly than expected, perhaps you are ended with the dumpster sooner than you anticipated.
If this really is true, give the dumpster company a call and they will probably come pick your container up early; this will permit them to rent it to someone else more instantly. You normally will not get a discount on your own rate should you ask for early pick-up. Your rental fee includes 7 days (or no matter your term is), whether you use them all or not.
5. Find out what services you get with your in Macon.
Most people don't need to rent dumpsters unless they absolutely have to. At times, though, it becomes clear that you simply need to rent a dumpster in Macon for commercial and residential projects.
Most cities WOn't haul away construction debris for you. It's your duty to be sure you have an appropriate container to collect lost material from remodeling endeavors. Even in the event that you just have a tiny endeavor, municipal waste management is unlikely to haul the debris away.
A major clean out can accumulate more trash than a standard receptacle can hold. Renting a tiny dumpster is a more suitable alternative that may prevent making multiple trips to the local dump.
When you have one of these endeavors in mind, then you know it's time to look for a trusted service in Macon.
Dumpster rental businesses generally have set costs, but the fine art of negotiation is constantly in play. Should you would like to dicker on the purchase price, call around to other firms first so you understand what the going rental rate is. When you are speaking to the business you want to utilize, merely mention other costs that are better than theirs. Some firms WOn't just match that lower price, they're going to really defeat it to please their customers.
You can also ask about discounts when you are renting a dumpster in Macon. Some firms will supply special discounts to active members of the military, veterans, seniors, members of the neighborhood Chamber of Commerce and more. It really never hurts to ask; you can occasionally save up to 10 percent or more with this process.
You can even save on the price by asking about the easiest way to avoid extra expenses (like tipping fees or overage charges) and ensuring you order the right size container; you do not want to pay for more container than you really need.
When you need to rent a dumpster in Macon to use at your home, it's a good idea to keep several guidelines in mind. First, ascertain the size dumpster which will work best for your job. Temporary dumpsters typically come in 10, 20, 30 and 40 yard sizes. Next, consider the positioning of the dumpster on your own property. Recommendations call for you to give an area that's double the width and height of the container. This will ensure proper height and space clearance.
The price you're quoted for the container includes a one-time delivery and pick-up fee, along with regular fees for disposal, fuel and tax. You ought to also realize you could only fill the container to the top; no debris should be sticking out. As the homeowner, you need to also check with your local city or municipality to find out if a license is needed to put the container on the street.
One of the most important things to do when you are contemplating a building or remodeling job is to plan ahead. Section of that procedure will probably be studying your dumpster needs for the endeavor. Knowing ahead of time how in Macon works will make things simpler when you start the procedure. It's possible for you to locate most of the general information you need online, but for advice unique to your area, you'll have to call your local business. Be sure to ask about any hidden or additional fees so that you do not get stuck with a surprise bill.
Among the greatest parts of your research will be determining the correct size container you should rent based on the size of the project. This may be your largest cost, so be sure you get a size that's large enough to survive for the whole endeavor. Other problems to research first include a potential place for the container, the kind of waste which you're throwing away and the amount of time you'll need the dumpster.


After working on some really good ideas AWS (Amazon Web Services), are now working on the new beast – Amazon Sumerian. Amazon Sumerian is a project to offer the best platform for creation of AR, VR and 3D experiences. Also it is developed in such a way that users won't need any expertise in VR/AR. So, the project directly focuses on providing public with the most user-friendly products available in the market.
The whole services will be guided by lifelike characters to help you on-the-go. The main aim of AWS is to develop the product to its best and delegate the problem solving works to the computer technology.
Users upload a 3D asset to use it in their scene; asset can be any of FBX or OBJ imported.
Computer based assistance will help you through your creation by using custom character-cartoon.
Later the complete scene can be share via media through URL; when the scene is already uploaded to the cloud.
Amazon Sumerian is said to have a lot of potential as it can run on HTC Vive, Oculus and even on WebVR. With one of the brightest future this project can be a boost to all the industries inclining towards VR/AR options for growth. Educational Tours, Employee/Military Training, Field Service Enhancement etc would be revolutionized in the coming years. Also, other uprising services like Sansar are the real raw material provider of the Amazon Sumerian, providing the best of models and assets on the web.


Strike First is a British football brand bred in Dallas, Texas, where FC Dallas is the reigning club of choice. Their motto "Dallas 'til I Die" is taken in the most literal sense this season as Strike First celebrates Él Día de los Muertos.
The pieces represent the tremendous Latin American presence in our city, club, and soccer culture. The bull dons a festive mask, which comes alive during the holiday Día de los Muertos.


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Black Sabbath Guitarist Sues Live Nation Over Gear
Posted on December 17, 2008 by Skid in Needs Reviewed, Uncategorized // 0 Comments
BLACK SABBATH GUITARIST SUES LIVE NATION OVER GEAR:
Tony Iommi, lead guitarist of the rock band Black Sabbath, is suing Live Nation Inc. for trademark infringement, alleging a subsidiary of the music promoter has illegally sold merchandise using images of the band.
The guitarist alleged that Signatures Network Inc., purchased by Live Nation in 2007, has continued to sell merchandise with images of Iommi and Black Sabbath's trademarked symbol after the expiration of a licensing agreement, according to a complaint filed today in a U.S. District Court in New York.
Iommi co-founded Black Sabbath in 1968 along with vocalist Ozzy Osbourne, bassist Geezer Butler and drummer Bill Ward. The left-handed guitarist behind songs such as "Iron Man" and "Paranoid" has retained control of the band's trademarks as the other original members left, according to the complaint.
Live Nation, the largest U.S. concert promoter, purchased Signatures for $79 million in 2007 and tapped its chief executive officer, Dell Furano, to take over its merchandise division.
The purchase gave Live Nation control of the rights to license and market merchandise for artists such as The Beatles, U2, Bruce Springsteen and Barbra Streisand. The company, based in Beverly Hills, California, also competes with Ticketmaster Entertainment Inc. for concert ticket sales.
Live Nation rose 15 cents, or 4.1 percent, to $3.80 on the Nasdaq Stock Market. The shares have lost 74 percent this year.
Iommi, 60, has registered the Black Sabbath trademark in the U.K, U.S. and European Union. The band's contract with Signatures expired in 2006, according to the complaint.
The lawsuit alleges that Signatures continued to sell the band's merchandise after Iommi sent a letter in April telling the company to stop. The gear included about 100 items of clothing, jewelry, posters and fashion accessories.
Iommi is seeking damages of at least three times Signatures' profits from the merchandise, as well as a halt to the product sales.
Live Nation doesn't comment about ongoing litigation, said spokeswoman Liz Morentin.
The case is Anthony Iommi v. Signatures Network Inc., No. 1:08-cv-10904, U.S. District Court, Southern District of New York (Manhattan).
Courtesy of www.bloomberg.com


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Home Headlines & Breaking News Life-Threatening Coalition Attempting to Form in Lakewood, New Jersey: Tens of Thousands...
Headlines & Breaking News
Life-Threatening Coalition Attempting to Form in Lakewood, New Jersey: Tens of Thousands at Risk
(By Rabbi Yair Hoffman for the Five Towns Jewish Times)
Imagine, Heaven forbid, the following headlines:
"Measles Outbreak in Lakewood, New Jersey"
There is a group of people attempting to form a coalition that could quite likely cause these headlines to appear in the very near future. According to the Center for Disease Control each year 146,000 people worldwide die of measles – most of them children and in locations where they do not vaccinate.
This week, an email went out asking people in Lakewood to join a "coalition" that will essentially force Lakewood schools to take in children whose parents refuse to vaccinate their children. The email further states that, "this coalition depends on a collective voice and will not be launched until we reach a minimum of 250 families. If you live in Lakewood and have made a decision not to vaccinate your children, we encourage you to please take a few moments to sign up to join the coalition.."
It is most disturbing that people are trying to make this happen in Lakewood, New Jersey, of all places, because as was mentioned at the levaya of Rebbitzen Rishel Kotler aleha hashalom by one of the Maspidim – she was at the forefront of helping people who could not afford it – get vaccinated!
The email could also adversely affect the support of Torah Mosdos. If people find out that Bnei Torah in Lakewood denigrate the views of leading doctors and pediatricians – it could lead to an erosion of financial support for the Torah Mosdos in Lakewood.
Many of the pediatricians in Lakewood have attempted to address this fallacious view, but to no avail. What is necessary is for the leading Rabbonim in Lakewood to put a stop to this madness.
GRAVE CHILLUL HASHEM
The very existence of such a coalition in the heart of a Torah community is a grave Chillul Hashem. The Torah tells us in Parshas VaEschanan (Dvarim 4:6), "ki hi chochmaschem uvinaschem l'einei ha'amim" that the Torah is knowledge and wisdom in the eyes of the gentiles. The B'chor Shor – gives the very example of a doctor prescribes a bitter medication to a Choleh – that he will take it no matter how bitter – certainly in regard to Torah.
This group is placing at risk tens of thousands of children in the Lakewood school system – not only risking measles, but also mumps, rubella, polio, and whooping cough. These are very serious diseases, and are all easily preventable.
EMPLOYS PRO-CHOICE TERMINOLOGY
Shockingly, this group has employed the language of the "pro-choice" pro-abortion movement in order to lessen the impact of what they are proposing: The fact that they are advocating to ignore the advice of all doctors, pediatricians, and the Center for Disease Control. The group even claims to have some Rabbinic backing.
VIEW OF GEDOLIM
The fact is that Gedolei HaPoskim have encouraged vaccinations and have even labelled them obligatory (See Psakof Rav Zalman Nechemia Goldberg Shlita – Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach zatzal's son-in-law). Rav Elyashiv zatzal had labelled this along with the Alternative Medicine movement dangerous to Klal Yisroel. Gedolim have written that where there is concern for an epidemic, vaccination is obligatory. (See Minchas Tzvi, siman 9, and Rabbi Eliezer Yehudah Waldenberg, zt'l, in Tzitz Eliezer, and Rav Yitzchok Zilberstein, shlita).
In Teves of 5745 (winter 1984–1985), the Steipler Gaon was asked about a case where the measles vaccine was apparently problematic. He advised them to make sure that the next batch was problem-free and instructed them to take the vaccine (Orchos Rabbeinu, p. 350).
Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach, zt'l (Shulchan Shlomo 329:1, 2) writes that if from a sociological perspective people are not rushing to get the vaccination as soon as possible, then it is not considered enough of a danger to warrant Shabbos violation in getting the vaccine. He writes that this is the case even if there is an actual danger. We see clearly that his view is that one should definitely be vaccinated. This was also the view of Rav Shmuel Auerbach zt"l.
How effective is the vaccine? With two shots, the efficacy rate for the MMR vaccine reaches 97%.
THE SHEER NUMBER OF MITZVOS INVOLVED IN VACCINATING
The overwhelming percentage of Rabbonim and Poskim would tell you (but check yourself) that vaccinations involve the fulfillment of a number of Torah mitzvos, aside from the basic mitzvah of v'nishmartem me'od benafshosaichem. We should also make our best efforts not to allow misinformation and fraud to affect crucial decisions in our lives.
Hashavas Aveidah. The verse in Parashas Ki Seitzei (Devarim 22:2) discusses the mitzvah of hashavas aveidah, returning a lost object, with the words, "V'hasheivoso lo," "and you shall return it to him." The Gemara in Sanhedrin (73a), however, includes within its understanding of these words the obligation of returning "his own life to him as well." For example, if thieves are threatening to pounce upon him, there is an obligation of "V'hasheivoso lo." In other words, this verse is the source for the mitzvah of saving someone's life. It is highly probable that it is to this general mitzvah that the Shulchan Aruch refers in Shulchan Aruch Orach Chaim 325. This is certainly the case with vaccinations, because vaccinations save lives.
'Dam Rayacha – Thy Brother's Blood.' There is a negative mitzvah of not standing idly by your brother's blood— "Lo sa'amod al dam rei'echa" (Vayikra 19:16). This is mentioned in Shulchan Aruch (C.M. 426:1) and in the Rambam. When people get sick and chance death because of our inaction, we are violating the commandment of "Lo sa'amod al dam rei'echa."
'Lo Suchal L'hisalem.' There is yet another negative commandment associated with the positive commandment of hashavas aveidah, and that is the verse in Devarim (22:3), "You cannot shut your eyes to it." This verse comes directly after the mitzvah of hashavas aveidah. The Netziv, Rabbi Naftali Tzvi Yehudah Berlin, in his HeEmek She'eilah, refers to this mitzvah as well.
'V'chai Achicha Imach.' The She'iltos (She'ilta #37), based upon the Gemara in Bava Metzia 62a, understands the words in Vayikra (25:36), "v'chai achicha imach," "and your brother shall live with you," to indicate an obligation to save others with you. The Netziv in his HeEmek She'eilah understands it as a full-fledged obligation according to all opinions. He writes that one must exert every effort to save his friend's life, until it becomes a matter of pikuach nefesh for himself. The Netziv's position would certainly advocate that vaccinations are obligatory, even if it involves a slight danger—which in modern times has been virtually eliminated.
'V'ahavta L'rei'acha Kamocha.' The Ramban, in Toras HaAdam Sha'ar HaSakanah (pp. 42–43), understands the verse of "And love thy neighbor as yourself" as a directive to save our peers from medical danger as well. We thus have a total of six Torah mitzvos involved in vaccinating our children.
VIEW OF SOME RABBIS
What about the rabbinic views that there may be substance to the anti-vaxxer view? Carefully researching the data behind a halachic question can be daunting at times. Occasionally, though rarely, the background information behind a question may not be sufficiently researched because the Posek relied upon someone else, who did not properly weigh the issue or evidence. This is clearly the case regarding vaccinations.
In recent years, we have seen this happen when some Poskim have reversed their rulings on the proper berachah for cashews; whether bran is considered animal food; and whether people can distinguish between pasteurized and unpasteurized wine. Our leading Gedolim in Eretz Yisroel have supported vaccinations and even if some Rabbis negate this idea – we must still follow the opinions of Gedolei Torah (speak to Rav Dovid Morgenstern shlita about Rav Elyashiv's unequivocal view) particularly here when their view concurs with that of the medical world.
Leading Gedolim with whom this author has consulted in recent months—Rav Chaim Kanievsky, shlita, and a leading Gadol in the United States—have said that when someone has done the research and is sure that the background information behind a p'sak is faulty, there is an obligation to respectfully publicize the correct information – which is what is being attempted here in this article.
The Lakewood email further states that the coalition, "will also be available to help non-vaccinating parents in Lakewood in any area we feel we can, as well as to provide support of 'strength in numbers'.."
HOW DID THIS BEGIN?
The very existence of this email points to the inroads of cultural influences that the world-wide Anti-Vaccination Movement has made even in some of our Torah communities.
How did all of this madness begin?
In 1998, a now de-licensed British physician named Andrew Wakefield released a paper claiming to have linked the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine to the onset of autism. Later it was revealed that he had secretly received over $700,000 in fees for his views from a lawyer wishing to file lawsuits.
Since then, no other scientist was ever able to match Wakefield's findings. In 2010, an ethics review board found that Wakefield had falsified the data in his report. The paper was retracted and Wakefield's medical license was revoked.
According to researchers who have traced the origins of the anti-Vaccination movement, one of the leading advocates of Wakefield's views in the United States is a former model for a prusta publication. One of her books even has a foreword from Wakefield himself.
She believes that her son has autism, and is the leading voice in this country that believes that vaccines cause autism. She further claims that alternative medicine has cured her son's disorder. She does all of this with no medical evidence. Nonetheless, her views have somehow influenced members of the Torah community.
This is very sad because vaccines have caused previously lethal diseases to disappear from society only to now re-appear in this country. Vaccines have saved countless lives. Whooping cough alone causes close to 200,000 deaths per year worldwide.
WE ARE ALL TRAVELLERS
The fact is that, in modern times, we are all one or two relationships away from people who are world-travellers which makes our susceptibility to these illnesses so much greater.
The Council on Foreign Relations has released an interactive map which shows the catastrophic outcome of communities that do not vaccinate.
The interactive map gives a birds-eye view of global outbreaks of measles, mumps, rubella, polio, and whooping cough from 2008-2014.
Measles and whooping cough are increasing in the United States and the UK because of the anti-vaccination movement.
Yes, there are some very very rare side-effects. And it is true that some people cannot be vaccinated because of allergies or other health conditions. But that just means that it is even more crucial to vaccinate in order to create what experts call "herd immunity."
THE SHACH'S VIEW
What about the issue that there will invariably be people with allergic and or other negative reactions to vaccinations? The language of the Shach (Y.D. 336:1) is informative. He writes that a doctor should not say, "What do I need this anguish for if I err and unintentionally kill a patient?" One could perhaps extrapolate from the words of the Shach that we should do whatever we can to ensure that the population is protected through proper vaccination. Especially now, as Poskim have pointed out – where the dangers have been reduced to a near zero rate.
NEED TO PROTECT OUR CHILDREN AND OTHERS
This erroneous view that undermines our children's safety cannot be allowed to gain traction. Please be vocal in speaking to our Yeshivos, our Bais Yaakovs, our Rabbonim and our doctors. The growing problem of no vaccinations is not inconsequential. It is a problem of which the pediatricians in Lakewood are begging for our assistance. This is also a time for the general community to speak out as well. Otherwise, we cannot in good conscience say, (Dvarim 21:7), "Yadeinu lo shafchu es hadam hazeh v'eineinu lo ra'u."
The author can be reached at [email protected]
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jOjO March 8, 2018 10:40 am at 10:40 am
Why don;t they first form a coalition and force every school to accept children so that no child will be lift out of Yeshiva until Chaunkah?
Oh right. They have that coalition. It's worthless.
nowecant March 8, 2018 10:52 am at 10:52 am
whatever the gedolim say.
The little I know March 8, 2018 10:54 am at 10:54 am
The anti-vaxxers have a position that can be greatly challenged, as this article demonstrates very well. My haskamah to that is superfluous.
What is bothersome is the cloak of "kedusha" that is used to masquerade this movement, and impose its will on others. I already have huge question whether their position is morally tolerable. But for them to inflict their desire to take risks on others is completely unacceptable. I wish this petition project the greatest of failures. It stinks of an attitude that prevails in the secular world that one's positions that are bizarre can be legislated for tolerance by others, with the consequences that the very thought of the bizarre being bizarre is a punishable offense.
Lastly, there is ample support from Rishonim and others to the scientific base of data being recognized by Torah and required to engage in the medical field.
moishe March 8, 2018 11:19 am at 11:19 am
Ikar choser min hasefer, the most important facts were omitted
1) the link & phone # for anyone who want to register
2) The names of gedoley yisroel behind the coalition
3) The fact that not 1 vaccine was ever tested against a true placebo
4) The "health dept" never compared the health of vaxed kids, to real healty kids
5) Before the vaccine measles was considered as "dangerous" as a cold, search brady measels
6) All my siblings & myself had mumps, measles & the rest no big deal
7) I challenge any so called Rabbi Or Md to a public debate
Devsch March 8, 2018 11:27 am at 11:27 am
Funny… My kids school in Florida has religious exemption… No such outbreaks. Plenty of unvaccinated kids are in school. There's a reason why. Read dissolving illusions, read other books. There are plenty. It's because vaccines are not as safe as they are made out to be.
M March 8, 2018 11:37 am at 11:37 am
People who use vaccinations show that they lack complete emunah in Hashem's refuah. True ma'aminim will avoid vaccinations and medicines in general. Ani Hashem rofecha, ani vlo malacha, ani vlo rofeh.
apushatayid March 8, 2018 11:43 am at 11:43 am
It isnt funny. Your kids are leeching off the overwhelming majority of kids that are vaccinated. Let some of those unvaccinated kids travel outside the "safe zone" of vaccinated countries.
why doesnt this coalition start their own school? With 250 families that should be adequate to get a school going.
abe March 8, 2018 11:46 am at 11:46 am
It funny you say this..
"New Jersey, of all places, because as was mentioned at the levaya of Rebbitzen Rishel Kotler aleha hashalom by one of the Maspidim – she was at the forefront of helping people who could not afford it – get vaccinated!"
Rabbi Malkiel Kotler is heading this coalition.
There are many other Gedolim who have said vaccinations are not safe (Reb Shmuel Kamenetsky)
Its not as clear cut as you make it to be.
Zerachya Licht March 8, 2018 12:08 pm at 12:08 pm
I am willing to sign a petition forcing all our institutions to make vaccination a prerequisite for admission. We should all band together and insist they we will avoid institutions which allow entry to children who weren't vaccinated.
chance March 8, 2018 12:08 pm at 12:08 pm
Why is it only the children that somehow spread diseases? Why don't the rabbanim and doctors roll up their sleeves and get all the vaccines that are needed to keep the public safe? Start with the meningitis , pneumonia , shingles, and Hep A And B . The adults are definitely bringing these diseases into the community. My child doesn't have to protect all the adults . So line up and get your vaccines to protect the children.
Midwest2 March 8, 2018 12:13 pm at 12:13 pm
Yes, it's right to be worried about measles, but people have forgotten that it's just as important to be vaccinated against rubella (or, as it used to be called, "German measles"). A pregnant woman who contracts rubella passes it on to her unborn baby, and that baby can be born CH deaf, blind, mentally handicapped or more. And who spreads this "harmless childhood disease?" Why, unvaccinated children, of course. And this seriously affected frum/Orthodox communities, too. In fact, at one time the OU had a special group for deaf children, with programs conducted in American Sign Language, because there were so many deaf children. There were halachic debates about whether a child who had learned to communicate fluently in American Sign Language counted as a "cheresh" or not. And then there were the blind, and RL the deaf-blind, and those with lifelong learning disabilities.
If you worry about children being autistic, think how much more it would affect them to be deaf or blind or mentally handicapped, or how you would feel if your neighbor caught rubella from your unvaccinated child?
"Lo sa'amod al dam rei'echa!"
too geshmak March 8, 2018 12:18 pm at 12:18 pm
I find it somewhat ironic that my cousin, who is one of the founding members of this group, was once telling me that he doesn't believe his kids school should be accepting kids who come from a different type of home than his, because his kids will be exposed, is now saying all schools should be forced to put their current students at risk and exposed to deadly diseases!
I doubt he sees the irony
Uri22 March 8, 2018 12:22 pm at 12:22 pm
so the views of R' Shmuel Kamenetzky don't deserve an honorable mention in this article? He is anti-vax
Academic honesty is important, even if you disagree with a specific point of view.
georgeg March 8, 2018 12:23 pm at 12:23 pm
To "moishe" and "Devsch"
I am no rabbi nor an MD, but I do come from the "old" country (born just after WII and my parents were survivors of WWII) so they told me what it was like before WWII and let me tell state a few known facts. Some people (usually runs in families) have natural immunity to certain diseases. Thus there were three types of "yichus" – or desirable family trees to marry into: Intelligence (Rabbinic families), money (rich business families), or longevity (family member naturally live to long lives). Natural immunity does not necessarily mean the person does not contract the disease. It also means the person survives the disease with little damage.
But I also learned a little history (I suppose you will call it fake, but for the readers who are rational here is some history). Before the Spaniards (Cortez) arrived in what is today Mexico, the estimated population was 25 million or more. Within 50 years the population was down to 3 million, mainly due to diseases (and largely the same diseases we vaccinate here for) that the Spaniards (who had natural immunity to some extent) brought with them as carriers of the disease.
But, while there is such naturally immunities to these diseases, these diseases also mutate, so that one day those with the natural immunity will no longer be immune.
And i looked up your "brady measels" – you are referring to a sitcom episode on TV? A sitcom was not going to show death and disabilities. They never showed the horrors of atomic radiation or nuclear devastation, so does that prove there is nothing to those fears?
kavod Habriot March 8, 2018 12:40 pm at 12:40 pm
Hey Lakewood! There's no reason for you to panic parents for absolutely no reason. First of all what is unsafe for vaccinated kids to sit in a class with a few unvaccinated kids? If they are vaccinated than nothing should happen to them. Right? Doesn't that make sense? Also, Nobody ever dies from the Measles… It's Like saying the kid died from a big cold. They die from the horrible vaccine that consists of the most disgusting and unsafe ingredients that you can't even imagine. We have more sick children out than ever before. The Children's hospitals are packed. Whats Going On? Why? Arent, they vaccinated? Obviously, there's something very wrong with our corrupt system. If you do some research you will find out that there's a whole world out there that's against this vaccination scam. It seems that in our neighborhoods we have to do whatever we are told to do because otherwise…. The doctors are making so much money & kickbacks from the pharma companies like you cant imagine. Yes, even the big doctors in LW wont admit it to you. How many patients do they all have? Try to do the math? Its gonna take a while. There's plenty of reason for any smart or concerned parent to do some research before they load up their child's bloodstream with all sorts of medication and drugs. Yes, The FDA website says vaccination is medication. Does Hashem bring down an unperfect baby to the world? Does he not know what he's doing? Or are we taking a precious little baby and drugging them up because of all the pressures from others? Don't fall for people or State/Government systems that have an agenda. It's your Child! He may be okay after his vaccination today. However ho do you know it cant harm him in 20 years from now? Do Research!!!
rikki March 8, 2018 12:42 pm at 12:42 pm
My daughter is a teacher for over 18 years and, naturally, works with children. She tells me that those children that do not get vaccinated are the most susceptible to whatever is going around in the classroom. And when they do get ill, they always have a more difficult time getting over their illness. I remember before the polio vaccine how terrified people and children were of everything. The vaccine has saved thousands from getting polio…You have to be rational about what you do or don't do—as in everything in life.
Gadolhadorah March 8, 2018 1:34 pm at 1:34 pm
To Kavod…..if you are trolling, its not really funny. If you are really as dumb as your mindless comments would suggest, than you should be given dispensation for not knowing what your saying. If deliberately trying to endanger large numbers of people, more likely than not that you and yours will be at the front of the line.
🐵 ⌨ Gamanit March 8, 2018 1:52 pm at 1:52 pm
Kavod Habriot- no time now to respond to all your points but regarding the mortality rates you are way off. Measles is far far far more serious than a "big cold"
Taken from Wiki (sourced from Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. )
No other vaccine-preventable disease causes as many deaths. In 1980, 2.6 million people died of it, and in 1990, 545,000 died; by 2014, global vaccination programs had reduced the number of deaths from measles to 73,000.
frdm March 8, 2018 2:04 pm at 2:04 pm
@Uri22
I don't believe you, that H'goan HaRav Shmuel Kamentsky said they are unsafe. You never heard that from him.
(He may Tell people you can't be force vaccinate against your will if you don't want to.)
But he never said they are dangerous. If he held it was a sokanah, how would he allow people to take them!
I have his number, call him.
worker March 8, 2018 2:44 pm at 2:44 pm
autoimmune diseases on the on the rise. chronic illness is on the rise.
we are trading common childhood illness for chronic illness and cancer
why do we think we are in control and can control illness???????
Hashem runs the world and that is the bottom line.
don't be an oiber chochom
you want to vaccinate go ahead
but don't ban ppl who decide not to. they are not carrying diseases!!!!!!!
Midwest2 March 8, 2018 2:54 pm at 2:54 pm
Rikki – I remember too. And I remember the kids who "only had the measles" and ended up with meningitis. And my parents remembered the days before the diphtheria vaccine when sometimes three or four children out of a family would die within a few weeks.
And I would like to warn those who are doing "research" on the internet. Anybody can put anything on the internet. That's one reason why some gedolim against it. It isn't just kefira you have to be careful about. The amount of misinformation on health and science is incredible. If you have questions, go to your local library and ask the reference librarians to find you reliable sources.
George G – nothing to do with TV! "German measles" is what people of my parents' generation used to called rubella, because the rash is similar. But the harm it does to innocent children is horrendous.
Don't believe everything you see on the internet, or what the guys in the kiddush club say, or what your second cousin tells you at the simcha. Your children's health, and the health of your neighbors' children, is too precious to risk.
apushatayid March 8, 2018 3:57 pm at 3:57 pm
Is he on record as saying this?
His close talmidim say this is not true.
Besides Rav shmuel who you are slandering, please name a few more (or am violating lifnei iver by inviting you to slander more gedolim)
Long island Yid March 8, 2018 6:10 pm at 6:10 pm
The only reason Reb Shmuel Kamenetsky joined the anti vax crusade is because of his wife. There is an autistic child in the family & his wife decided to blame it on vaccines. His source that he made his halachic decision on was not based on true medical research.
The little I know March 8, 2018 8:19 pm at 8:19 pm
You wrote: "People who use vaccinations show that they lack complete emunah in Hashem's refuah. True ma'aminim will avoid vaccinations and medicines in general. Ani Hashem rofecha, ani vlo malacha, ani vlo rofeh."
Firstly, your attempt to create drashos from the posuk is foolish. The Chazal specifically state "מכאן שניתן רשות לרופא לרפאות".
Second, according to your logic, the Rambam, Ramban, and others were oveir on the issur implied in your homemade "drasha".
Have you ever learned mishnayos that describe the halachos relevant to the רופא? Check them out. They are not referring to a blaspheming עובד עבודה זרה. After you complete some study of what the Torah states about doctors, return here and explain to us all how your דרשה still has any validity. To me, it is fiction.
No one questions that הקב"ה is behind everything in health. We recite the bracha of אשר יצר multiple times daily, acknowledging that it is He that created a functioning human body and provides the energy and השגחה to insure that things continue to function properly. It is the סייעתא דשמיא that enables doctors to administer their care. The Ramban addresses the obligation to practice medicine based on prevailing scientific knowledge and empirical findings. If those who practice are appropriately qualified, they can serve as the שליח of הקב"ה to bring about the needed healing. We all daven three times a day רפאנו ה' ונרפא. Going to a doctor is not the slightest distraction from proper אמונה. Try your method of getting to shul without walking – let your belief in Hashem serve to "beam" you there. Stop the foolishness. And do not join the ranks of those who fabricated midrashim to be able to make a point. Torah is complete without your homemade additions.
NOYB March 8, 2018 9:16 pm at 9:16 pm
At the end of the day, nobody here knows anyone with smallpox, which was once one of the most deadly diseases around and now exists only in laboratories. It is unlikely anyone here knows someone with polio, also formerly a major killer. How many people do you know that have died of tetanus or rabies? If you think vaccines are a conspiracy, what else is a conspiracy? Antibiotics? Glasses, which have a massive industry behind them? Doctors bichlal? Are casts or xrays a massive scam too? And how many people are keeping quiet to cover this scam? You would need govt. officials, vaccine company executives, the scientists who design the vaccines, all doctors, and the scientists who do studies on vaccines to all be in on it. That is several million people worldwide keeping quiet. I don't know about you, but I've never seen 5 people keep a secret, let alone millions.
Sholom shuchat March 9, 2018 9:56 am at 9:56 am
Those who don't vaccinate don't realize that they play with fire! They are putting their children at a much greater risk.
My parents vaccinated us but were not careful in making sure we got all our vaccines (partially because of all the anti vax claims). When I was 20 years old I contracted Mumps which caused orchitis. I now suffer from severe male factor infertility directly caused by it.luckily after many ivf treatments i had a child. But my mother is still tormented by what she caused.
Aside from that how can someone look at a disease that is causing 150 thousand deaths a year that has a vaccine that can nearly prevent all those deaths (97% effective) and say that because of a few cases of complications its not worth it. The benefits of saving 150 thousand lives a year far outweigh the possible risks! even according to the anti-vaxers there is definitely not a 150 thousand people dying a year from vaccines.
it is like saying we should not have seatbelts or airbags in cars because sometimes they can cause injuries and deaths etc. No sane person would say that, because the amount of people saved by these devices far outweigh the risks
georgeg March 9, 2018 10:50 am at 10:50 am
I have no idea what involvement (if any) Rabbi Malkiel Kotler has in this, but your comments show a lack of proper analysis. The question of whether or not to accept a unvaccinated child is completely different than the question of whether to vaccinate.
"No sane person would say that,"
Here is the answer.
charliehall March 9, 2018 3:24 pm at 3:24 pm
"not 1 vaccine was ever tested against a true placebo"
This is false. The clinical trials of the Salk polio vaccine were against a placebo and they were the largest clinical trials ever done in humans — over six hundred thousand participants. Later trials for different vaccines followed; for example measles in the 1960s. New versions of vaccines are not tested against placebos but against older versions because it is unethical to leave anyone unvaccinated. There is no treatment and no cure for polio, measles, and many other of the diseases we are discussing here; the intervention that HaShem has blessed us with are vaccines.
No, it is clear cut. Klal Yisrael unanimously accepted the position of Rav Sherira Gaon a thousand years ago that we do not understand Chazal's medicine and must rely upon doctors rather than rabbis for medical advice. Those who do not vaccinate for any reason other than a medical contraindication (which are rare) have rejected that position.
Kudos to Rabbi Hoffman for stating the truth.
Uri22 March 9, 2018 6:00 pm at 6:00 pm
@frdm I heard it from R' Shmuel from his own mouth. I went over to him at a chasuna and had a conversation with him about it.
Freedom Fighter March 11, 2018 6:49 am at 6:49 am
Why don't we all focus on the important part of this issue?? Are we willing to give up our freedom in order to debate this issue?? Are we going to allow government to decide what we should do with our bodies?
That might suit some of you now. But then we've already lost our chance to be free, to make other decisions for ourselves. Are we mad??? Let each of us decide what we want for our families. how dare we allow government and others to control our personal decisions?
Instead of talking sentiments, some fact may be in order. According to the FDA, 10 to 25 micrograms of aluminum are allowed. On the first day of life, your children are injected with Hep B that contains 250 micrograms of aluminum! All in the name of safety. Hep B is a lifestyle choice disease, nothing to do with a frum woman that isn't a prostitute, drug addict, in prison or handling affected blood. Additionally, a woman can be tested before her birth if she is afraid that she may be carrying the disease. Let each family make their own decisions about whether they want to inject neurotoxins into their child's brain on the first day.
🐵 ⌨ Gamanit March 11, 2018 12:40 pm at 12:40 pm
Freedom Fighter; Heb B shot on birth is optional. Per our family pediatrician's guidance we don't do that shot. We follow his schedule.
Jersey Jew March 11, 2018 8:40 pm at 8:40 pm
RODFIM!
ILH613 March 12, 2018 2:50 pm at 2:50 pm
If a doctor or Rav feels that vaccines are completely safe and effective then they should sign a written document that they will take FULL responsibility in this world and the next world if a vaccine injury should occur. It should be published and handed to all of klal yisroel.
Why wasn't my comment posted??? It contained crucial information and no propaganda! Simple facts! And you're afraid to post that?!?!? you take achrayus to hold back information from the public???
srull18 March 13, 2018 10:09 pm at 10:09 pm
I can't stand articles like this. there is so much wrong with it that it will take me a full day to comment on it all.
the fact is that are plauseable reasons to not vaccinate. After doing almost a full year of research on this topic, I have come to the conclusion that the CDC is in bed with the Pharma and can not be trusted. Most of the CDC statistics on vaccines are manipulated.
moishe March 14, 2018 12:58 pm at 12:58 pm
charliehall: Would you kindly look up the New England Journal Of Medicine, Aug 13 1992 , search hep a vaccine trial Monroe Wertzberger. Over 500 kids received the new hep a vax & 500 received the "placebo" which contained 300mcg aluminum & mercury, You call that chemical soup a real placebo ?
Drmom April 13, 2018 2:34 pm at 2:34 pm
Freedom fighter: you are 100% correct. The issue here should be whether or not to let government dictate what is mandated for our children when it should really be our choice. Allowing the government to take control is a serious step in the wrong direction. Weather Pro or anti vaccine I think we all would agree to that.
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I have written before about reusing wood stove ashes for sanding but just had to post again about this great idea. I just cleaned out our wood stove and got a full bucket of wood ashes. Here is a quick picture of just how far this one bucket of wood ashes will go towards sanding.
This hill as you can see is steep. It tends to get icy and we need some added traction at the crest of the hill. Just by adding wood stove ashes, it really does help with traction. Plus the wood ashes melt down in the snow and help with ice build-up.
Fireplace and woodstove ashes have many uses. I'm going to share one very useful way I reuse my wood ashes to sand my icy road.
First clean out your ashes from your woodstove or fireplace. Always use a metal pail or container as ashes can still be hot and have ciders that can cause a fire if you place them in non-metal container.
Immediately take your pail outside to avoid any fire hazard in your home or porch. Never store wood ashes near your home as they can cause combustion with other materials and start a fire.


text:
1Chronological list
3Footnotes
List of monarchs of East Anglia
(Redirected from Kings of East Anglia)
Edmund, king of the East Angles, who was killed during the invasion of his kingdom by the Great Heathen Army
the kings of Anglo-Saxon England
Mercia
Northumbria
The kingdom of East Anglia (also known as the kingdom of the East Angles), was a small independent Anglo-Saxon kingdom that comprised what are now the English counties of Norfolk and Suffolk and perhaps the eastern part of the Fens. The kingdom was one of the seven traditional members of the Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy. The East Angles were initially ruled (from the 6th century until 749) by members of the Wuffingas dynasty, named after Wuffa, whose name means 'descendants of the wolf'.[1] The last king was Guthrum II, who ruled in the 10th century.
After 749 East Anglia was ruled by kings whose genealogy is not known, or by sub-kings who were under the control of the kings of Mercia. East Anglia briefly recovered its independence after the death of Offa of Mercia in 796, but Mercian hegemony was soon restored by his successor, Coenwulf.[2] Between 826 and 869, following an East Anglian revolt in which the Mercian king, Beornwulf, was killed, the East Angles again regained their independence. In 869 a Danish army defeated and killed the last native East Anglian king, Edmund the Martyr.[3] The kingdom then fell into the hands of the Danes and eventually formed part of the Danelaw.[3] In 918 the East Anglian Danes accepted the overlordship of Edward the Elder of Wessex. East Anglia then became part of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of England.
Many of the regnal dates of the East Anglian kings are considered unreliable, often being based upon computations. Some dates have presented particular problems for scholars: for instance, during the three-year-long period of apostasy that followed the murder of Eorpwald, when it is not known whether any king ruled the East Angles.[4] The main source of information about the early history of the kingdom's rulers is Bede's Ecclesiastical History of the English People.[5]
Chronological list[edit]
For a family tree of the East Anglian kings from Wehha to Ælfwald, see Wuffingas.
Wuffingas d. 571 Wehha Possible ruler;[6] "The first to rule over the East Angles", according to Nennius.[7]
571–578 (from unknown annal).[6] Wuffa Possible ruler;[6] son of Wehha and the king after whom the Wuffingas dynasty is named.
578 (from unknown annal).[6] Tytila Possible ruler; son of 'Uffa' (Wuffa); acceded in 578, according to the Flores Historiarum.[8]
Acceded around 616,[9] died before 627.[10] Rædwald Son of Tytila;[6] named imperium by Bede, later interpreted as Bretwalda.[11] The Flores Historiarum gives 599 for Rædwald's accession.[12] Rædwald is the first of the Wuffingas of which more than a name is known.
Died 627 or 628.[10] Eorpwald Son of Rædwald; murdered by Ricberht.[4]
c. 627 to c. 630.[10] Ricberht Possible ruler.[6]
Acceded c. 630.[10] Sigeberht Abdicated to lead a monastic life; later slain in battle.[6]
Acceded c. 630 (ruled jointly with Sigeberht until c. 634). Ecgric Slain in battle, possibly as late as 641;[13] kinsman of Sigeberht.
early 640s[9] to c. 653.[10] Anna Nephew of Rædwald and son of Eni;[6] killed, according to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle.[14]
c. 653[10] to 655.[6] Æthelhere Brother of Anna. Slain at the Battle of the Winwaed.[6]
655[10] to 663.[10] Æthelwold Brother of Anna.
663[10] to 713.[10] Ealdwulf Nephew of Anna, Æthelhere and Æthelwold.
713[10] to 749[10] Ælfwald Son of Ealdwulf.
East Anglian dynasty Ruling in 749.[9] Beonna, Alberht and possibly Hun Joint kings, of unknown origin[6] Alberht is also known as Æthelberht I.[15] Nothing is known of Hun.[16]
Unknown. Æthelred I Possibly succeeded Beonna; sub-king named as the father of Æthelberht II.[17]}
?779[10] to 794.[10] Æthelberht II Accession date is from a late mediaeval source; East Anglian independence indicated by ability of Æthelberht to mint his own coins.[18] Executed at the command of Offa.[6]
Mercian dynasty Offa Ruled Mercia from 757 to July 796; jointly ruled with his son Ecgfrith from 787 (who succeeded him and died after ruling for less than five months).[6][19] Held dominion over the East Angles.[17]
East Anglian dynasty c. 796[20] to c. 800.[20] Eadwald Ancestry unknown; emerged as king during a period of instability following the death of Offa.[20]
Mercian dynasty Coenwulf Ruled Mercia from 796 to 821:[9] held dominion over the East Angles after Eadwald's brief reign;[21] no precise date is known for the start of his overlordship in East Anglia.[22]
Ceolwulf Brother of Coenwulf; ruled Mercia from 821 to 823.[23]
Beornwulf Of unknown origin;[24] Ruled Mercia from 823.[9] to 826;[9] killed during an East Anglian revolt.[23]
East Anglian Dynasty 827[20] to 845.[9] Æthelstan May have led a revolt against the Mercians in 825.[6] East Anglian independence re-established at his accession.[24]
c.845[9] to 855.[9] Æthelweard
855[10] to 869.[9] Edmund (Eadmund) The last native East Anglian king; acceded at the age of 14 (according to Asser);[25] killed by the Vikings 20 November 869;[9] canonised.[26] Political organisation of East Anglia following the death of Edmund is uncertain.
Kings under Norse suzerainty c. 875.[9] Oswald Underking, known only from numismatic evidence.[9]
c. 875.[9] Æthelred II Underking, known only from numismatic evidence.[9]
Danish kingdom of East Anglia c. 879[9] to 890.[27] Guthrum East Anglia was awarded to him in 879 as part of a peace settlement with Alfred the Great of Wessex.[28]
Ruled until 902.[9] Eohric Killed in battle (along with Æthelwold) in December 902.
902.[9] Æthelwold Sub-king of the Danes; killed in battle December 902.[29]
902 to 918. Guthrum II Killed in battle 918.[30]
East Anglia became part of England after 918. See List of English monarchs
Anglo-Saxon England portal
^ Higham 1999, pp. 154–155.
^ Yorke 2002, p. 121.
^ a b Jones 1973, p. 421.
^ a b Colgrave & Mynors 1969, book II, chapter 15. sfn error: no target: CITEREFColgraveMynors1969 (help)
^ Hoggett 2010, pp. 24–27.
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Fryde et al. 1986, p. 8.
^ Nennius 2008, p. 46.
^ Yonge 1853, p. 269.
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Lapidge 1999, pp. 508–509.
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Yorke 2002, p. 67.
^ Swanton 1997, p. x.
^ Kirby 2000, p. 74.
^ Swanton 1997, p. 28.
^ Hill & Worthington 2005, p. 128.
^ Ashley 1998, p. 244.
^ a b Yorke 2002, p. 64.
^ Kirby 2000, p. 164.
^ Brown & Farr 2001, pp. 5, 135.
^ a b c d McKitterick 1995, p. 555.
^ Brown & Farr 2001, p. 219.
^ a b Yorke 2002, p. 122.
^ a b Brown & Farr 2001, p. 222.
^ Giles 1858, p. 115.
^ Yorke 2002, p. 59.
^ Lapidge 1999, p. 223.
^ Stenton 1988, pp. 321–22.
^ Jaques 2007, p. 1006.
Ashley, Michael (1998). British Monarchs: the Complete Genealogy, Gazetteer, and Biographical Encyclopedia of the Kings & Queens of Britain. London: Robinson. ISBN 978-1-85487-504-4.
Bede, Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum, ed. and tr. Colgrave, Bertram; Mynors, Roger AB (1969). Bede's Ecclesiastical History of the English People. Oxford Medieval Texts. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-822202-5.
Higham, N.J. (1999). "East Anglia, Kingdom of". In M. Lapidge; et al. (eds.). The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England. London: Blackwell. ISBN 978-0-631-22492-1.
Brown, Michelle P.; Farr, Carol Ann (2001). Mercia: an Anglo-Saxon Kingdom in Europe. London, New York: Leicester University Press. ISBN 978-0-8264-7765-1.
Fryde, E. B.; Greenway, D. E.; Porter, S.; Roy, I. (1986). Handbook of British Chronology (3rd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-56350-5.
Giles, John Allen (1858). The whole works of King Alfred the Great. London: Bosworth & Harrison. OCLC 659908076.
Hill, David; Worthington, Margaret (2005). Aethelbald and Offa: two eighth-century kings of Mercia : papers from a conference held in Manchester in 2000 (British Archaeological Reports British Series). Manchester: Manchester Centre for Anglo-Saxon Studies. ISBN 978-1-84171-687-9.
Hoggett, Richard (2010). The archaeology of the East Anglian conversion. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell. ISBN 9-781-84383-595-0.
Jaques, Tony (2007). Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: a Guide to 8,500 Battles from Antiquity through the Twenty-First Century. Vol. 3. Westport, USA: Greenwood. ISBN 978-0-313-33539-6.
Jones, Gwyn (1973). A History of the Vikings. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-280134-0.
Kirby, D. P. (2000). The Earliest English Kings. London and New York: Routledge. pp. 67, 74. ISBN 978-0-415-24211-0.
Lapidge, M.; et al., eds. (1999). "Kings of the East Angles". The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England. London: Blackwell. pp. 508–509. ISBN 978-0-631-22492-1.
McKitterick, Rosamund, ed. (1995). The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume 4, Part 2. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-36292-4.
Nennius (2008) [9th century]. Giles, John Allen (ed.). Historia Brittonum [The History of the Britons]. Forgotten Books. ISBN 978-1-60620-992-9.
Stenton, Frank (1988). Anglo-Saxon England. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-821716-9.
Swanton, Michael (1997). The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-92129-9.
Yonge, C. D. (1853) [14th century]. The Flowers of History [Flores Historiarum]. Vol. 1. London: Bohn.
Yorke, Barbara (2002). Kings and Kingdoms of Early Anglo-Saxon England. London and New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-16639-3.
Astley, Mike (1998). The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens. New York: Carroll & Graff. ISBN 978-0-7867-0692-1.
Keary, Charles Francis (1887). Poole, Reginald Stuart (ed.). A Catalogue of English Coins in the British Museum. Anglo-Saxon Series. Vol. 1. London: British Museum.
Newton, Sam (1993). The Origins of Beowulf and the Pre-Viking Kingdom of East Anglia. Woodbridge: Boydell and Brewer. ISBN 978-0-85991-472-7.
Anglo-Saxon heptarchy
Hwicce
Middel Seaxe
Iclingas
Frithuwald
Wiglaf of Mercia
Lists of monarchs
East Anglia:
Elge
Gywre
Herstingas
Ikelgas
Spalda (Spalding)
Bilmingas (part of south Lincolnshire)
Essex:
Brahhingas
Daenningas
Caningaege
Gegingas
Gillingas
Godhelmingas
Haueringas
Hroðingas
Middle Saxons
Haering
Nox-gaga and Oht-gaga
Tetingas
Tewingas
Waeclingas
Woccingas
Pæding-tun
Frithuwald's Sūþrīge
Dæningas
Deningei
Kent:
Andredsley
Andredes Leag
Boroware
Cantware
Ceasterware
Eastorege
Lympne
Limenwara
Modingahema
Mercia:
Ælfingas
Æbbingas
Arosæte
Banesbyrig
Beormingas
Bilsæte
Cilternsæte
Duddensæte
Gaini
Gyrwas
Glestinga
Husmerae
Lindisfaras
Magonsæte
Middle Angles
North Engle
Pecset
Pecsæte
Pencersæte
Reagesate
South Engele
Snotingas
Southumbrians
Spaldingas
Stoppingas
Sweordora
Tomsæte
Undaium
Weorgoran
Westerne
Wreocensæte
Northumbria:
Elmetsæte
Beodarsæte
Loidis
Sussex:
Haestingas
Wessex:
Eorlingas
Basingas
Brycgstowl
Dornsaete
Gewisse
Glastening
Meonwara
Rēadingas
Sumorsaete
Sumortūnsǣte and Glestinga
Sunningas
Wiltsaete
Wihtwara
Ytenes
Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
Burghal Hidage
Danelaw
Mercian Supremacy
Tribal Hidage
Monarchs of East Anglia
Wehha
Wuffa
Tytila
Rædwald
Eorpwald
Ricberht
Sigeberht [c]
Ecgric [c]
Æthelhere
Æthelwold
Ealdwulf
Ælfwald
Beonna [c]
Alberht [c]
Æthelred I [s]
Æthelberht II
Offa [km]
Eadwald
Cœnwulf [km]
Ceolwulf [km]
Beornwulf [m]
Æthelstan
Æthelweard
Edmund the Martyr
Oswald [s]
Æthelred II [s]
Guthrum I [d]
Eohric [d]
Æthelwold [s]
Guthrum II [d]
[c] co-kings
[km] also king of Kent and king of Mercia
[m] also king of Mercia
[s] sub-kings
[d] Danes
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_monarchs_of_East_Anglia&oldid=1122034422"
Lists of British monarchs
Kingdom of East Anglia
Use dmy dates from March 2021
Use British English from December 2011


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In 2010, Bill and Melinda Gates, along with Warren Buffett, founded the Giving Pledge, one of the largest and most influential philanthropic efforts to date. Upon launch, the Pledge's founders recruited 40 of America's most successful individuals, and together, they...
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