Delivery mode Delivery will be face to face combined with industry assessments. Sessions will consist of workplace visits, demonstration discussions and written assessments. Students will be implementing skills acquired on the course and be assessed in a holistic manner in the workplace. Theory sessions and practical observations are structured to meet this course essential outcomes of competency and employability skills.
Apprenticeship: 48 Months as part of an Australian approved apprenticeship program.
Training and assessments are conducted in English. Applicants must possess sound written and oral English skills. You will be required to complete a Pre-training and Language Literacy and Numeracy Assessment.
There are no pre-requisite or any other training package entry requirements to enrol in this course.
** Please note: duration in weeks may vary dependent upon the amount of contact days per week.
Visit our funding and fees page for more information.
Credit may be granted towards this qualification by those who have completed AUR20412 Certificate II in Automotive Electrical Technology in this Training Package or other relevant qualifications.
Further training pathways from this qualification include AUR40612 Certificate IV in Automotive Electrical Technology or other relevant qualifications.
The Certificate III in Automotive Electrical Technology prepares new employees or recognises and develops existing workers who service, diagnose and repair vehicle electrical and electronic systems and components.
(Note: Written, Practical and observation assessments must be carried out).
You can apply for recognition of prior learning, academic credit and work experience towards this qualification. During the course of your life you will develop a wide range of skills and knowledge. Through work, volunteer roles, family commitments and various tasks undertaken in everyday life, you are building up a bank of knowledge. The evidence of these skills and knowledge accumulated can be used to help you gain a qualification.
Please note: dates are subject to change due to holidays and availability.
If dates provided do not suit, please contact us at 13 13 89 or +61 3 9450 0500 via phone, or through our contact page, as we will accommodate dates to suit students needs.
** Please note: electives may vary by state and are subject to change to meet client and industry requirements.
©2019 Education Training & Employment Australia Pty Ltd.


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Manila Facilities
Hotels with Gym in Manila
Las Pinas
Other Areas in Manila
Manila Hotel Class
Manila Accommodation Types
Manila Amenities
Manila Service and Leisure
Hotels in Manila
Manila Resorts and Hotels with Gym
Satisfying Stay
As usual, I again had a satisfying stay at Sogo Aurora Boulevard. It is strategically located near LRT and The Araneta Center, affordable, and...
I really love this room. Feels like home. The service is great. Sulit naman po yung binayad namin. this is our 2nd time and I think may kasunod pa.
Amazing stay
Though the location of the hotel especially outside the hotel isn't inviting, once you're inside, you'll know you'll love to stay....
Our staycation place
This is our 4th stay at the hotel for a staycation. Its great location near the mall and the park makes it a fun spot for the whole family. It's hard...
peaceful place
The unit is clean, the host is prompt in answering my questions. The downside I guess is the azure personnel. There were no signages and when you...
Experience everything fun at Manila Ocean Park
Make your next #fambam extra special for as low as P299!
5 Scary Places in The Philippines
Go on a heart-racing trip as you visit these spine-chilling, hair-raising horror spots.
5 spas perfect for you and your BFF
Time to #TreatYourself and your bestie!
10 Instagrammable Hotels for the Long Weekend
Have an IG-worthy vacation!
SCORE BIG DISCOUNTS WITH TRAVELBOOK.PH'S SPA PARTY
We're taking relaxation to a whole new level!
View Manila Blog Entries
Manila Resorts and Hotels with Gym - Page 3
90 of 1093 available
RAFFLES MAKATI
1 Raffles Drive, Ayala Center, Makati (Show Map)
You can find a lot of luxury hotels standing at the heart of Makati Central Business District, but there's only one like Raffles Makati. This sophisticated hotel is an oasis found in the midst of sprawling bright lights and eventful loud streets of a... You can find a lot of luxury hotels standing at the heart of Makati Central Business District, but there's only one like Raffles Makati. This sophisticated hotel is an oasis found in the midst of sprawling bright lights and eventful loud streets of a vibrant and dynamic city, providing sophisticated comfort to their well-traveled guests. Its enchanting structure, unrivalled charm, discreet elegance, and sincere hospitality all contribute to its distinct personality that makes it a place you can treat as home. Come home to Raffles Makati and enjoy the comfortable and elegant accommodation that they are known for.
Prestigious city address
Housed in a sophisticated tower with Raffles Residences and Fairmont Makati, Raffles Makati is located at the corner of Arnaiz and Makati Avenue, taking advantage of one of the finest spots in uptown Makati where the hospitality industry has highly evolved over the years. Its location offers easy access to local and international business offices including the Philippine Stock Exchange as well as various lifestyle and entertainment and shopping centers like Greenbelt, Landmark, and Glorietta. What sets them apart from other luxury hotels within the Makati Central Business District is their private underground walkway that directly connects the hotel to these nearby shopping malls.
While all your travels require a certain level of awareness and caution every time you're on the streets, Raffles Makati exerted extra effort to make sure that you are safe. They've established different route options for their guests to follow and enjoy whenever they decide to go on biking and jogging around the city, a plus point given that they are located at one of the safest cities in Manila.
Raffles Makati is located 12 km away from Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA), taking approximately 20 to 30 minutes of travel time depending on the traffic. However, Raffles Makati recommends taking the hotel taxi or their limousine service for comfort and convenience if you are coming from the airport.
Sophisticated lodging spaces
Boasting a total of 32 fully-furnished luxurious suites, Raffles Makati offers elegant accommodations to all their stayers. Every room has a mix of contemporary and traditional designs to be reflective of the modern and local culture. They furnished each of their suites with luxurious feather top beds, floor-to-ceiling windows, wooden flooring, white louvers, spacious marble bathrooms, large working desks, oriental carpets, state-of-the-art technology, and modern decorations. And to make your Raffles Makati experience complete, the members of their hotel staff are gracious and trained to give every visitor a sense of warmth and comfort.
Three types of suites are available for you to choose from when you decide to stay at Raffles Makati. Each suite is unique in its own way but all of them offer distinctive Raffles luxury experience just the same. Fully-furnished with contemporary tech facilities including high-definition (HD) LED televisions with satellite channels, a DVD player, in-room safety deposit box, and bedside control panel for lighting and entertainment, you can expect a refined ambiance of classic comfort and understated elegance when you book a stay in one of their 23 Junior Suites, 8 Executive Suites, and 1 Presidential Suite. While all these suites have dramatic features and modern design, their one-of-a-kind Presidential Suite has a luxurious master's bedroom, vanity area, walk-in wardrobe, and a kitchenette.
Your accommodation comes with exclusive services like personalized Raffles butler service, 24-hour in-room dining, welcome amenities, bath preparation services for special occasions (upon request), packing and unpacking service, shoe shine service, and same-day laundry and pressing. Complimentary access to both Raffles and Fairmont swimming pools as well as internet connection and local calls are also included in your accommodation. Raffles guests also have stay privileges which include daily American breakfast, all-day refreshments, classic afternoon teas, and evening cocktails.
Perfect event venue
Raffles Makati makes an ideal location for every special event in your life—whether it's a wedding, an anniversary, a birthday party, a gala dinner, a board meeting, or a business conference. They offer function rooms of various shapes and sizes, accommodating up to 600 guests per event. Their Ballroom, Raffles Salon, Raffles Boardroom, Namayan, Buenavista, and Sampiro function rooms provide top meeting technology services and are furnished with elegant murals and gilded lighting fixture—perfect for hosting intimate gatherings and talk of the town social events.
They have a team dedicated to provide efficient butler services for your event needs. For celebratory events, Raffles Makati offer special celebration packages in their luxurious suites, catering services for groups of any size, banquet arrangements (for formal occasions), and entertainment suitable for the type of event you'll host. Meanwhile, for business meetings, Raffles Makati has a dedicated meeting planner, extensive in-house audio-visual equipment, in-house information technology (IT) services, and a team of experienced technicians.
Exceptional dining options
This luxury hotel offers a wide list of bars and restaurants onsite that are established to meet the unique tastes of their guests. Serving the best of the local culture and cuisine and dishes from around the world, seven dining options can be found within the Raffles tower: the Spectrum, an all-day dining restaurant that prepares their dishes in an open kitchen where you get to view the whole action; the Mireio, a Provencal-inspired brasserie-style restaurant serving French breakfast, lunch, and dinner; the Café Macaron, a pastry boutique for your sweets and pastries cravings; the Fairmont Lounge, a hang-out spot where you can get afternoon and after-dinner snacks; the Pool Bar, their poolside bar that offers seasonal selection of fresh juice and cocktails; the Long Bar, a bar styled after the Raffles Hotel in Singapore which offers signature Raffles cocktails; and the Writers Bar, a library-styled bar which serves traditional afternoon tea.
If you are craving for a luxury stay in one of the busiest yet elegant places in the country, Raffles Makati is the hotel for you. Raffles Makati is truly a gem in the city. Their prestigious location hands you access to the fascinating city that waits to be explored. Their well-appointed rooms combined with their outstanding accommodation service will deliver only the utmost comfort you need for a comfortable break. Even your event needs and food cravings will be satisfied by this luxurious hotel. Stay at Raffles Makati when you're at the country's business capital and get the grand accommodation that you deserve. (Show More) (Show Less)
Junior Suite, 1 King Bed, Non Smoking
PHP 12,960
CITY OF DREAMS - NÜWA MANILA
Asean Avenue corner Roxas Boulevard, Parañaque (Show Map)
Experience true bliss in a Para?aque City hotel that offers you all the finer things in life.
City of Dreams - Crown Towers Manila is a five-star property located along Asean Avenue corner Roxas Boulevard within Para?aque's Entertainment City. Promi... Experience true bliss in a Para?aque City hotel that offers you all the finer things in life.
City of Dreams - Crown Towers Manila is a five-star property located along Asean Avenue corner Roxas Boulevard within Para?aque's Entertainment City. Promising a luxurious stay for guests, the hotel offers a range of lavish accommodations and premier amenities and facilities for an enriching stay.
More than its impressive features, the hotel is also situated at a convenient located accessible to Manila's top shopping centers, conference centers, and business and entertainment districts. Not to mention, it is only less than 3 kilometers from Ninoy Aquino International Airport.
Host to a total of 254 lodging choices, City of Dreams - Crown Towers Manila offers deluxe rooms and a variety of suites to suit the needs of both business and leisure travelers. Opening out to either bay views or skyline views, each of the lush and spacious accommodations feature climate control air conditioning, LED cable TV, writing desk, sitting area, electric kettle, speaker docking station, minibar and fridge, telephone, and safety vault. The attached bathrooms feature a bathtub, walk-in shower, towels, bathrobes, slippers, and designer toiletries.
While staying at City of Dreams - Crown Towers Manila, guests can enjoy a broad range of luxurious facilities such as a casino, restaurants, an entertainment bar, swimming pool, as well as two indoor nightclubs namely Pangaea and Chaos. Dreamplay, the onsite amusement park, will be enjoyed by both kids and adults.
From City of Dreams - Crown Towers Manila, SM Mall of Asia, SMX Convention Center, and Mall of Asia Arena are less than 2 kilometers away. In addition, World Trade Center and the Department of Foreign Affairs can be reached after just a short drive. (Show More) (Show Less)
Nuwa Resort Studio
SIGLO SUITES @ THE MILANO RESIDENCES
1969-A Spring Street, Barangay Poblacion, Makati, Metro Manila (Show Map)
The Milano Residences takes inspiration from the runaways of Milan and the city's quaint streets and piazzas to form a true fusion of fashion and architecture in a towering sculpture of steel and glass.
1 Bedroom Deluxe
HOLIDEAR'S PAD @ VINIA
Unit 1028, Vinia Residence + VersaFlats, EDSA, Barangay Philam, Quezon City, Metro Manila (Show Map)
Chill and relax into this hotel feel like studio apartment equip with basic necessities suitable for great staycation. The rooftop is where all the amenities are located - infinity pool, wading pool, function room, sky garden and pavillion. There are... Chill and relax into this hotel feel like studio apartment equip with basic necessities suitable for great staycation. The rooftop is where all the amenities are located - infinity pool, wading pool, function room, sky garden and pavillion. There are shops at the ground floor soon to open. Trinoma Mall and SM North EDSA is just few steps away from the property, for all your shopping and dining needs.
SAVOY HOTEL MANILA
Andrews Avenue, Pasay (Show Map)
With a stay at Savoy Hotel Manila in Pasay, you'll be within a 15-minute drive of Manila Bay and SMX Convention Center. This 4-star hotel is 11 mi (17.6 km) from Fort Bonifacio and 12.3 mi (19.8 km) from Venice Gran...
With a stay at Savoy Hotel Manila in Pasay, you'll be within a 15-minute drive of Manila Bay and SMX Convention Center. This 4-star hotel is 11 mi (17.6 km) from Fort Bonifacio and 12.3 mi (19.8 km) from Venice Grand Canal Mall.
Make yourself at home in one of the 684 air-conditioned rooms featuring refrigerators and flat-screen televisions. Complimentary wireless Internet access keeps you connected, and cable programming is available for your entertainment. Private bathrooms with showers feature complimentary toiletries and bidets. Conveniences include phones, as well as safes and desks.
Take advantage of recreational opportunities offered, including an outdoor pool, a sauna, and a fitness center. Additional amenities at this hotel include complimentary wireless Internet access, concierge services, and babysitting/childcare (surcharge). Guests can catch a ride to nearby destinations on the complimentary area shuttle.
For lunch or dinner, stop by Savoy Cafe, a restaurant that specializes in local and international cuisine. Dining is also available at the coffee shop/café, and room service (during limited hours) is provided. Quench your thirst with your favorite drink at the poolside bar. Buffet breakfasts are available daily for a fee.
Featured amenities include dry cleaning/laundry services, a 24-hour front desk, and luggage storage. A roundtrip airport shuttle is provided for a surcharge (available 24 hours), and free self parking is available onsite.
Essential 1, 2 Single Beds
MANILA LOTUS HOTEL (FORMERLY LOTUS GARDEN HOTEL)
1277 A. Mabini Street corner Padre Faura, Barangay 667, Ermita, Manila, Metro Manila (Show Map)
Manila Lotus Hotel is an illustrious landmark in the historic district of Ermita. A familiar base for city travelers, it features a mix of contemporary comforts and old charm that comes at a reasonable price. Our hotel welcomes guests into clean and ... Manila Lotus Hotel is an illustrious landmark in the historic district of Ermita. A familiar base for city travelers, it features a mix of contemporary comforts and old charm that comes at a reasonable price. Our hotel welcomes guests into clean and well-maintained rooms that surpass expectations. We provide indispensable facilities that afford convenience and an opportunity to make the most of their vacation. Our address also warrants accessibility for holidaymakers and business executives. Simply put, ours is the best place in the area where you can bask in modest indulgence. Exuding understated sophistication, each of our accommodation provides the ideal place for relaxation. All rooms have a plush bed, air-conditioning, and private toilet and bath. Select lodgings have a kitchenette, balcony, and tub. Free Internet access is available for those who want to stay connected while on vacation. Our affordable hotel in Ermita, Manila is generous with amenities and services to guarantee your stay to be nothing short of satisfying. We have a restaurant and bar, spa, Jacuzzi, and an exercise room. We also offer airport transfers, day tours, and car rentals. We are also a staple venue for special celebrations and business affairs. Our function room can accommodate a maximum of 150 persons. We accept bookings for weddings, debuts, birthday parties, baptismal, and other social events. Our location is just a short walk from Roxas Boulevard, Robinsons Mall, and the United States Embassy. It is also close to Luneta Park and The Walled City of Intramuros. Moreover, Manila Lotus Hotel in Ermita, Manila is approximately 20 minutes away from Ninoy Aquino International Airport. (Show More) (Show Less)
AVIDA 34TH
34th St. corner 11th Avenue and Lane T, Taguig (Show Map)
With a stay at this condo in Taguig (Bonifacio Global City), you'll be steps from KidZania and 7 minutes by foot from Bonifacio High Street. This condo is 0.5 mi (0.9 km) from St Luke's Medical Center Global City an...
With a stay at this condo in Taguig (Bonifacio Global City), you'll be steps from KidZania and 7 minutes by foot from Bonifacio High Street. This condo is 0.5 mi (0.9 km) from St Luke's Medical Center Global City and 0.8 mi (1.3 km) from Bonifacio High Street - Central Square.
Make yourself comfortable in this air-conditioned condo, featuring a kitchenette with a full-sized refrigerator/freezer and a stovetop. A 40-inch Smart television with Netflix provides entertainment, while complimentary wireless Internet access keeps you connected. Conveniences include a desk and a microwave, and housekeeping is provided once per stay.
Be sure to enjoy recreational amenities including an outdoor pool and a fitness center.
Condo, 1 Bedroom
SOMERSET ALABANG MANILA
3409 Spectrum Midway, Muntinlupa (Show Map)
With a stay at Somerset Alabang Manila in Muntinlupa (Alabang), you'll be within a 10-minute drive of Alabang Town Center and Festival Supermall. This 4-star hotel is 10 mi (16.1 km) from Manila Bay and 11.9 mi (19....
With a stay at Somerset Alabang Manila in Muntinlupa (Alabang), you'll be within a 10-minute drive of Alabang Town Center and Festival Supermall. This 4-star hotel is 10 mi (16.1 km) from Manila Bay and 11.9 mi (19.1 km) from Fort Bonifacio.
Make yourself at home in one of the 150 air-conditioned rooms featuring refrigerators and microwaves. LED televisions with cable programming provide entertainment, while complimentary wireless Internet access keeps you connected. Private bathrooms with showers feature complimentary toiletries and hair dryers. Conveniences include safes and desks, and housekeeping is provided daily.
Don't miss out on the many recreational opportunities, including an outdoor pool, a spa tub, and a fitness center. This hotel also features complimentary wireless Internet access, concierge services, and barbecue grills.
Enjoy a meal at the restaurant, or stay in and take advantage of the hotel's room service (during limited hours). Quench your thirst with your favorite drink at the poolside bar. Buffet breakfasts are available daily from 6 AM to 10 AM for a fee.
Featured amenities include a business center, complimentary newspapers in the lobby, and dry cleaning/laundry services. A roundtrip airport shuttle is provided for a surcharge (available 24 hours), and free self parking is available onsite.
Studio, 1 King Bed, Ensuite
SEDA VERTIS NORTH
Astra cor. Lux Drives, Vertis North, Quezon City (Show Map)
With a stay at Seda Vertis North in Quezon City (Diliman), you'll be a 5-minute drive from SM North EDSA and 7 minutes from Quezon Memorial Circle. This 4.5-star hotel is 8.1 mi (13 km) from Fort Bonifacio and 8.3 m...
With a stay at Seda Vertis North in Quezon City (Diliman), you'll be a 5-minute drive from SM North EDSA and 7 minutes from Quezon Memorial Circle. This 4.5-star hotel is 8.1 mi (13 km) from Fort Bonifacio and 8.3 mi (13.3 km) from Manila Bay.
Make yourself at home in one of the 438 air-conditioned rooms featuring iPod docking stations and LED televisions. Complimentary wireless Internet access keeps you connected, and cable programming is available for your entertainment. Bathrooms have complimentary toiletries and hair dryers. Conveniences include safes and desks, and housekeeping is provided daily.
Be sure to enjoy recreational amenities including an outdoor pool and a fitness center. Additional amenities at this hotel include complimentary wireless Internet access, concierge services, and a banquet hall.
Satisfy your appetite for lunch or dinner at Misto, a restaurant which specializes in local and international cuisine, or stay in and take advantage of the room service (during limited hours). Wrap up your day with a drink at the bar/lounge.
Featured amenities include a computer station, dry cleaning/laundry services, and a 24-hour front desk. A roundtrip airport shuttle is provided for a surcharge (available 24 hours), and free self parking is available onsite.
RAMADA ENCORE MAKATI
9630 Kamagong Street, Makati (Show Map)
With a stay at Ramada Encore Makati in Makati (San Antonio), you'll be within a 5-minute drive of Ayala Center and Rizal Park. This hotel is 3.2 mi (5.1 km) from Fort Bonifacio and 3.3 mi (5.4 km) from U.S. Embassy....
With a stay at Ramada Encore Makati in Makati (San Antonio), you'll be within a 5-minute drive of Ayala Center and Rizal Park. This hotel is 3.2 mi (5.1 km) from Fort Bonifacio and 3.3 mi (5.4 km) from U.S. Embassy.
Make yourself at home in one of the 84 air-conditioned rooms featuring refrigerators and LED televisions. Complimentary wireless Internet access keeps you connected, and cable programming is available for your entertainment. Private bathrooms with showers feature complimentary toiletries and slippers. Conveniences include safes and desks, and housekeeping is provided daily.
Take advantage of recreation opportunities such as a health club, or other amenities including complimentary wireless Internet access and concierge services.
Satisfy your appetite for lunch or dinner at Flavours, a restaurant which specializes in local and international cuisine, or stay in and take advantage of the room service (during limited hours). Wrap up your day with a drink at the bar/lounge. Cooked-to-order breakfasts are available daily from 6 AM to 10 AM for a fee.
Featured amenities include dry cleaning/laundry services, a 24-hour front desk, and luggage storage. This hotel has 4 meeting rooms available for events. Free self parking is available onsite.
Superior King
TOURISTATION @ CROWNE BAY TOWER
Crowne Bay Tower, 157 Roxas Boulevard, Parañaque (Show Map)
With a stay at Touristation @ Crowne Bay Tower in Parañaque (Baclaran), you'll be within a 5-minute drive of City of Dreams Manila and SM Mall of Asia. This condo is 1.9 mi (3 km) from Manila Bay and 3.1 mi (5 km) f...
With a stay at Touristation @ Crowne Bay Tower in Parañaque (Baclaran), you'll be within a 5-minute drive of City of Dreams Manila and SM Mall of Asia. This condo is 1.9 mi (3 km) from Manila Bay and 3.1 mi (5 km) from Resorts World Manila.
Make yourself at home in one of the 20 air-conditioned rooms featuring kitchenettes. Flat-screen televisions with cable programming provide entertainment, while complimentary wireless Internet access keeps you connected. Conveniences include complimentary bottled water, housekeeping is provided once per stay, and irons/ironing boards can be requested.
Local cuisine breakfasts are available daily from 8:00 AM to 11:00 AM for a fee.
Featured amenities include dry cleaning/laundry services, a 24-hour front desk, and an elevator (lift).
LAGOONVIEW @ AZURE BY HOLIDEAR
Unit 1812, Maui Tower, Azure Urban Residences, Barangay Marcelo Green, Paranaque, Metro Manila (Show Map)
Our condominium unit, Lagoonview @ Azure by Holidear, is warm and inviting, perfect for your get-away within the city. It comes with free Wi-fi and television with cable channels. Guest can access most of the amenities within Azure Urban Residences. ... Our condominium unit, Lagoonview @ Azure by Holidear, is warm and inviting, perfect for your get-away within the city. It comes with free Wi-fi and television with cable channels. Guest can access most of the amenities within Azure Urban Residences. Maximum of two (2) guests can use the amenities at Azure, extra persons will have to pay.
For your entertainment, shopping and dining needs, SM Bicutan is just a few minutes away by car from Azure Urban Residences. Different mode of transportation are available in the area. (Show More) (Show Less)
UPPER STORY SERVICED APARTMENTS
Centro Tower, 138 N. Domingo St, Quezon City (Show Map)
With a stay at Upper Story Serviced Apartments in Quezon City (Kaunlaran), you'll be within a 15-minute walk of Immaculate Conception Cathedral and Robinsons Magnolia. This aparthotel is 0.9 mi (1.4 km) from Gateway...
With a stay at Upper Story Serviced Apartments in Quezon City (Kaunlaran), you'll be within a 15-minute walk of Immaculate Conception Cathedral and Robinsons Magnolia. This aparthotel is 0.9 mi (1.4 km) from Gateway Mall and 1 mi (1.6 km) from Smart Araneta Coliseum.
Make yourself at home in one of the 99 air-conditioned rooms featuring kitchenettes with refrigerators and stovetops. Flat-screen televisions with cable programming provide entertainment, while complimentary wireless Internet access keeps you connected. Conveniences include safes and desks, as well as phones with free local calls.
Enjoy recreational amenities such as an outdoor pool and a fitness center. This aparthotel also features complimentary wireless Internet access and a banquet hall.
Stop by Cookbook Cafe for lunch, dinner, or brunch, where this restaurant specializes in local and international cuisine, or grab snacks at the coffee shop/café. Buffet breakfasts are available daily from 6:00 AM to 10:00 AM for a fee.
Featured amenities include a 24-hour front desk and an elevator (lift). This aparthotel has 4 meeting rooms available for events. Limited parking is available onsite.
CITADINES BAY CITY MANILA
Diosdado Macapagal Blvd, Pasay (Show Map)
With a stay at Citadines Bay City Manila in Pasay, you'll be minutes from Mall of Asia Arena and close to SM Mall of Asia. This 4-star aparthotel is close to City of Dreams Manila and Manila Bay.
Rooms ...
Make yourself at home in one of the 212 air-conditioned rooms featuring kitchenettes with refrigerators and microwaves. Flat-screen televisions are provided for your entertainment. Conveniences include phones, as well as safes and complimentary newspapers.
Be sure to enjoy recreational amenities including an outdoor pool and a fitness center. This aparthotel also features complimentary wireless Internet access, babysitting/childcare (surcharge), and tour/ticket assistance.
Satisfy your appetite for lunch or dinner at the aparthotel's restaurant, All Day Dining, or stay in and take advantage of the room service (during limited hours). Quench your thirst with your favorite drink at the bar/lounge.
Featured amenities include a 24-hour business center, limo/town car service, and dry cleaning/laundry services.
Deluxe Studio, 2 Twin Beds
ZEN ROOMS GOLDEN PANDA QC
#447 E. Rodriguez Sr. Avenue cor., Quezon City (Show Map)
With a stay at ZEN Rooms Golden Panda QC in Quezon City, you'll be 4 mi (6.5 km) from SM North EDSA and 4.5 mi (7.2 km) from Manila Bay. This hotel is 8 mi (12.9 km) from Fort Bonifacio and 10.7 mi (17.3 km) from Ve...
With a stay at ZEN Rooms Golden Panda QC in Quezon City, you'll be 4 mi (6.5 km) from SM North EDSA and 4.5 mi (7.2 km) from Manila Bay. This hotel is 8 mi (12.9 km) from Fort Bonifacio and 10.7 mi (17.3 km) from Venice Grand Canal Mall.
Make yourself at home in one of the 34 air-conditioned rooms featuring flat-screen televisions. Complimentary wireless Internet access keeps you connected, and cable programming is available for your entertainment. Bathrooms have showers and complimentary toiletries. Conveniences include phones, as well as desks and complimentary bottled water.
Enjoy the recreation opportunities such as a fitness center or make use of other amenities including complimentary wireless Internet access.
The front desk is staffed during limited hours. Self parking (subject to charges) is available onsite.
ZEN ROOMS ADB ORTIGAS
Located in ADB Avenue Tower, ADB Ave, Pasig (Show Map)
Located in Pasig (Ortigas Center), ZEN Rooms ADB Ortigas is close to Smart Araneta Coliseum and KidZania. This apartment is within the vicinity of Ayala Center and Baywalk.
Make yourself at ...
Make yourself at home in one of the 24 air-conditioned rooms featuring refrigerators and flat-screen televisions. Complimentary wireless Internet access keeps you connected, and cable programming is available for your entertainment. Bathrooms with showers are provided.
Enjoy recreational amenities such as an indoor pool and a fitness center.
Featured amenities include luggage storage and an elevator (lift).
Basic Room, 1 Double Bed
MCKINLEY PARK RESIDENCES
3rd Ave, Taguig (Show Map)
With a stay at McKinley Park Residences, you'll be centrally located in Taguig, steps from Fort Bonifacio and 3 minutes by foot from St Luke's Medical Center Global City. This condo is 0.6 mi (0.9 km) from Bonifacio...
With a stay at McKinley Park Residences, you'll be centrally located in Taguig, steps from Fort Bonifacio and 3 minutes by foot from St Luke's Medical Center Global City. This condo is 0.6 mi (0.9 km) from Bonifacio High Street and 2.3 mi (3.7 km) from Ayala Center.
Make yourself at home in one of the 3 air-conditioned rooms featuring kitchenettes with full-sized refrigerators/freezers and stovetops. Flat-screen televisions with cable programming provide entertainment, while complimentary wireless Internet access keeps you connected. Conveniences include desks and microwaves.
Enjoy recreational amenities such as an outdoor pool and a fitness center.
Featured amenities include a 24-hour front desk and an elevator (lift).
Standard Loft, 1 Bedroom, City View
SOLEMARE PARKSUITES CONDO R US
Bradco Avenue, Parañaque (Show Map)
With a stay at Solemare Parksuites Condo R Us in Parañaque, you'll be within a 15-minute walk of City of Dreams Manila and SMX Convention Center. This condo is 1 mi (1.6 km) from Manila Bay and 1.5 mi (2.4 km) from ...
With a stay at Solemare Parksuites Condo R Us in Parañaque, you'll be within a 15-minute walk of City of Dreams Manila and SMX Convention Center. This condo is 1 mi (1.6 km) from Manila Bay and 1.5 mi (2.4 km) from SM Mall of Asia.
Make yourself at home in one of the 25 air-conditioned rooms featuring kitchenettes with full-sized refrigerators/freezers and stovetops. LED televisions with cable programming provide entertainment, while complimentary wireless Internet access keeps you connected. Conveniences include microwaves and electric kettles, and housekeeping is provided on a limited basis.
Take advantage of recreation opportunities including an outdoor pool and a fitness center.
Featured amenities include a business center, a 24-hour front desk, and an elevator (lift).
WINFORD MANILA RESORT AND CASINO
Winford Leisure & Entertainment Complex, Manila (Show Map)
Located in Manila (Santa Cruz), Winford Manila Resort and Casino is within a 10-minute drive of University of Santo Tomas and Quiapo Church. This 4-star hotel is 3.6 mi (5.9 km) from Manila Bay and 5.9 mi (9.5 km) f...
Located in Manila (Santa Cruz), Winford Manila Resort and Casino is within a 10-minute drive of University of Santo Tomas and Quiapo Church. This 4-star hotel is 3.6 mi (5.9 km) from Manila Bay and 5.9 mi (9.5 km) from SM North EDSA.
Make yourself at home in one of the 128 air-conditioned rooms featuring flat-screen televisions. Complimentary wireless Internet access keeps you connected, and cable programming is available for your entertainment. Private bathrooms with showers feature rainfall showerheads and complimentary toiletries. Conveniences include safes and desks, as well as phones with free local calls.
Head straight for the casino, or wait for that lucky feeling while you enjoy one of the other recreational opportunities, such as an outdoor pool and a fitness center. Additional amenities at this hotel include complimentary wireless Internet access, concierge services, and a banquet hall. Guests can catch a ride to nearby destinations on the area shuttle (surcharge).
Satisfy your appetite for lunch or dinner at Copa de Manila, a restaurant which specializes in Filipino cuisine, or stay in and take advantage of the 24-hour room service. Buffet breakfasts are available daily from 6 AM to 10 AM for a fee.
Featured amenities include a 24-hour front desk, luggage storage, and an elevator (lift). A roundtrip airport shuttle is provided for a surcharge (available 24 hours), and free self parking is available onsite.
ZEN ROOMS AT MILLENIA TOWER ORTIGAS
Located in Goldland Millenia Tower, Pasig (Show Map)
With a stay at ZEN Rooms Millenia Tower Ortigas in Pasig, you'll be 3 mi (4.9 km) from Fort Bonifacio and 4.6 mi (7.4 km) from Venice Grand Canal Mall. This hotel is 6.5 mi (10.5 km) from SM North EDSA and 10.3 mi (...
With a stay at ZEN Rooms Millenia Tower Ortigas in Pasig, you'll be 3 mi (4.9 km) from Fort Bonifacio and 4.6 mi (7.4 km) from Venice Grand Canal Mall. This hotel is 6.5 mi (10.5 km) from SM North EDSA and 10.3 mi (16.5 km) from Manila Bay.
Make yourself at home in one of the 16 air-conditioned rooms featuring flat-screen televisions. Complimentary wireless Internet access keeps you connected, and cable programming is available for your entertainment. Private bathrooms with showers feature rainfall showerheads and complimentary toiletries.
Be sure to enjoy recreational amenities including an indoor pool and a fitness center.
Studio Twin Room
Makati Avenue, Makati (Show Map)
With a stay at I'M Hotel, you'll be centrally located in Makati, a 3-minute drive from A. Venue Mall and 9 minutes from Fort Bonifacio. This 5-star hotel is 4.3 mi (6.9 km) from Venice Grand Canal Mall and 5.7 mi (9...
With a stay at I'M Hotel, you'll be centrally located in Makati, a 3-minute drive from A. Venue Mall and 9 minutes from Fort Bonifacio. This 5-star hotel is 4.3 mi (6.9 km) from Venice Grand Canal Mall and 5.7 mi (9.2 km) from Manila Bay.
Make yourself at home in one of the 434 air-conditioned rooms featuring minibars and LED televisions. Complimentary wireless Internet access keeps you connected, and cable programming is available for your entertainment. Private bathrooms with showers feature designer toiletries and hair dryers. Conveniences include phones, as well as safes and desks.
Relax at the full-service spa, where you can enjoy massages, body treatments, and facials. You're sure to appreciate the recreational amenities, including an outdoor pool and a fitness center. Additional features at this hotel include complimentary wireless Internet access, concierge services, and babysitting/childcare (surcharge).
Grab a bite at one of the hotel's 4 restaurants, or stay in and take advantage of the room service (during limited hours). Buffet breakfasts are available daily from 6 AM to 10 AM for a fee.
Featured amenities include express check-in, complimentary newspapers in the lobby, and dry cleaning/laundry services. Planning an event in Makati? This hotel has facilities measuring 1830 square feet (170 square meters), including conference space. A roundtrip airport shuttle is provided for a surcharge (available 24 hours), and free self parking is available onsite.
ROMANTIC 1 BEDROOM CONDO AT THE REDWOODS CONDOMINIUM
Pasong Putik, Quezon City (Show Map)
With a stay at Romantic 1 Bedroom Condo at The Redwoods Condominium in Quezon City (Novaliches), you'll be within a 15-minute drive of SM North EDSA and Quezon Memorial Circle. This condo is 11.9 mi (19.1 km) from ...
With a stay at Romantic 1 Bedroom Condo at The Redwoods Condominium in Quezon City (Novaliches), you'll be within a 15-minute drive of SM North EDSA and Quezon Memorial Circle. This condo is 11.9 mi (19.1 km) from Smart Araneta Coliseum and 9.4 mi (15.2 km) from Ateneo de Manila University.
Make yourself at home in one of the air-conditioned rooms featuring kitchens with full-sized refrigerators/freezers and stovetops. Rooms have private balconies or patios. Flat-screen televisions with digital programming provide entertainment, while complimentary wireless Internet access keeps you connected. Conveniences include desks and microwaves.
All-inclusive rates are available at this condo. Meals and beverages at onsite dining establishments are included in all-inclusive rates. Charges may be applied for dining at some restaurants, special dinners and dishes, some beverages, and other amenities.
Featured amenities include dry cleaning/laundry services and luggage storage.
Basic Double Room Single Use, 1 Bedroom, Smoking, Pool View
TRYP BY WYNDHAM MALL OF ASIA MANILA
Seaside Blvd, Corner J.W. Diokno Blvd, Pasay (Show Map)
With a stay at TRYP by Wyndham Mall of Asia Manila in Pasay (Barangay 76), you'll be a 3-minute walk from Manila Bay and 10 minutes by foot from SM Mall of Asia. This hotel is 0.8 mi (1.2 km) from SMX Convention Cen...
With a stay at TRYP by Wyndham Mall of Asia Manila in Pasay (Barangay 76), you'll be a 3-minute walk from Manila Bay and 10 minutes by foot from SM Mall of Asia. This hotel is 0.8 mi (1.2 km) from SMX Convention Center and 2.1 mi (3.4 km) from City of Dreams Manila.
Make yourself at home in one of the 191 air-conditioned rooms featuring flat-screen televisions. Complimentary wired and wireless Internet access is available. Private bathrooms with shower/tub combinations feature rainfall showerheads and complimentary toiletries. Conveniences include laptop-compatible safes and desks, and housekeeping is provided daily.
Enjoy recreational amenities such as an outdoor pool and a fitness center. This hotel also features complimentary wireless Internet access and concierge services. Guests can catch a ride to nearby destinations on the complimentary area shuttle.
Enjoy a meal at Milagritos or snacks in the coffee shop/café. The hotel also offers room service (during limited hours). Relax with your favorite drink at the bar/lounge or the poolside bar. Buffet breakfasts are available daily from 6 AM to 10 AM for a fee.
Featured amenities include a business center, complimentary newspapers in the lobby, and a 24-hour front desk. A shuttle from the hotel to the airport is provided for a surcharge (available 24 hours), and free self parking is available onsite.
Room, 2 Queen Beds, Non Smoking (Cityscape Room)
THE SPHERE SERVICED RESIDENCES MANAGED BY HII
136 Valero Street, Salcedo Village, Barangay Bel-Air, Makati, Metro Manila (Show Map)
The Sphere Serviced Residences lies within the homey Salcedo Village, a location offering unparalleled convenience for all travellers in the vibrant Makati Central Business District. The Sphere's industrial-chic rooms are envisioned for the discernin... The Sphere Serviced Residences lies within the homey Salcedo Village, a location offering unparalleled convenience for all travellers in the vibrant Makati Central Business District. The Sphere's industrial-chic rooms are envisioned for the discerning cosmopolitan. Each one balances aesthetic details and functional design for an elegant use of space. Staying at The Sphere lets you escape to explore the city's hidden gems, or jump right back into business or work at any time. (Show More) (Show Less)
Studio Room (Room Only) - YEAR ROUND PROMO
THE MINI SUITES - ETON TOWER MAKATI
128 Dela Rosa St., Ayala South, Makati (Show Map)
Located in Makati (Legazpi Village), The Mini Suites - Eton Tower Makati is within a 15-minute walk of Ayala Center and Makati Medical Center. This hotel is 0.7 mi (1.1 km) from Greenbelt Shopping Mall and 2.8 mi (4...
Located in Makati (Legazpi Village), The Mini Suites - Eton Tower Makati is within a 15-minute walk of Ayala Center and Makati Medical Center. This hotel is 0.7 mi (1.1 km) from Greenbelt Shopping Mall and 2.8 mi (4.5 km) from Fort Bonifacio.
Make yourself at home in one of the 368 individually decorated guestrooms, featuring refrigerators and LED televisions. Complimentary wireless Internet access keeps you connected, and cable programming is available for your entertainment. Private bathrooms with showers feature complimentary toiletries and bidets. Conveniences include phones, as well as safes and electric kettles.
Take advantage of recreation opportunities including an outdoor pool and a fitness center. Additional features at this hotel include complimentary wireless Internet access and concierge services. Getting to nearby attractions is a breeze with the area shuttle (surcharge).
Mini Double Room
B HOTEL QUEZON CITY
14 Scout Rallos St. Brgy. Laging Handa, Quezon City (Show Map)
With a stay at B Hotel Quezon City in Quezon City (Diliman), you'll be within a 15-minute drive of SM North EDSA and St. Luke's Medical Center. This 4-star hotel is 6.4 mi (10.4 km) from Manila Bay and 7.3 mi (11.7 ...
With a stay at B Hotel Quezon City in Quezon City (Diliman), you'll be within a 15-minute drive of SM North EDSA and St. Luke's Medical Center. This 4-star hotel is 6.4 mi (10.4 km) from Manila Bay and 7.3 mi (11.7 km) from Fort Bonifacio.
Make yourself at home in one of the 111 air-conditioned rooms featuring refrigerators and LED televisions. Complimentary wireless Internet access keeps you connected, and cable programming is available for your entertainment. Bathrooms have complimentary toiletries and hair dryers. Conveniences include laptop-compatible safes and desks, and housekeeping is provided daily.
Be sure to enjoy recreational amenities including an outdoor pool and a fitness center. Additional features at this hotel include complimentary wireless Internet access, concierge services, and wedding services.
For lunch or dinner, stop by Lobby Cafe, a restaurant that specializes in international cuisine. Dining is also available at the coffee shop/café, and room service (during limited hours) is provided. Unwind at the end of the day with a drink at the bar/lounge or the poolside bar. Full breakfasts are available daily from 6 AM to 10 AM for a fee.
Featured amenities include a business center, complimentary newspapers in the lobby, and a 24-hour front desk. A roundtrip airport shuttle is provided for a surcharge (available 24 hours), and free self parking is available onsite.
MELLA HOTEL
Villar Sipag C5 Extension Road, Barangay Pulang Lupa, Las Pinas, Metro Manila (Show Map)
Mella Hotel is the newest venture in the hospitality industry by Vista Land & Lifescapes. Situated in the up & coming commerical district of Las Pinas, Global South, this Spanish-themed structure forms part of the city's Historical Coridor along with... Mella Hotel is the newest venture in the hospitality industry by Vista Land & Lifescapes. Situated in the up & coming commerical district of Las Pinas, Global South, this Spanish-themed structure forms part of the city's Historical Coridor along with other buildings within the famous Villas Sipag Complex. The hotel consists of 132 rooms designed & decorated with elements that are distinctly Las Pinas. Featuring amenities that provide both comfort & culture for guests, a stay in the hotel offers a unique & memorable experience. Minutes away from the Ninoy Aquino International Airpot, The Makati Central Business District, Bonifacio Global City, & Roxas Boulevard, it is conveniently close to everything you need and everywhere you need to be. (Show More) (Show Less)
Twin Room (With Breakfast)
LUXE IN VENICE - THE VENICE RESIDENCES
Caruso Twr The Venice Luxury Residences, Taguig (Show Map)
With a stay at LUXE In Venice - The Venice Residences in Taguig (Pinagsama), you'll be a 3-minute walk from Venice Grand Canal Mall and 7 minutes by foot from Fort Bonifacio. This family-friendly condo is 4.1 mi (6....
With a stay at LUXE In Venice - The Venice Residences in Taguig (Pinagsama), you'll be a 3-minute walk from Venice Grand Canal Mall and 7 minutes by foot from Fort Bonifacio. This family-friendly condo is 4.1 mi (6.6 km) from Resorts World Manila and 5.5 mi (8.8 km) from Ayala Center.
Make yourself at home in one of the 60 air-conditioned rooms featuring kitchenettes. Rooms have private balconies. 40-inch LED televisions with cable programming provide entertainment, while complimentary wireless Internet access keeps you connected. Conveniences include safes and desks.
Don't miss out on the many recreational opportunities, including an outdoor pool, an indoor tennis court, and a fitness center. Additional features at this condo include complimentary wireless Internet access and shopping on site.
Full breakfasts are available daily from 6 AM to 11 AM for a fee.
Featured amenities include dry cleaning/laundry services, a 24-hour front desk, and an elevator (lift). A roundtrip airport shuttle is provided for a surcharge (available 24 hours), and self parking (subject to charges) is available onsite.
ALL AT JAZZ
Tower D, Jazz Residences, Makati (Show Map)
With a stay at this condo in Makati (Bel-Air), you'll be within a 10-minute drive of A. Venue Mall and Makati Medical Center. This 4-star condo is 2 mi (3.2 km) from Fort Bonifacio and 4.6 mi (7.4 km) from Venice Gr...
With a stay at this condo in Makati (Bel-Air), you'll be within a 10-minute drive of A. Venue Mall and Makati Medical Center. This 4-star condo is 2 mi (3.2 km) from Fort Bonifacio and 4.6 mi (7.4 km) from Venice Grand Canal Mall.
Make yourself comfortable in this individually decorated condo, featuring a kitchenette with a full-sized refrigerator/freezer and a stovetop. The condo has a Tempur-Pedic bed. There's a private balcony or patio. Wired and wireless Internet access is complimentary, while a 42-inch flat-screen television with cable programming provides entertainment.
Take advantage of recreation opportunities including an outdoor pool and a fitness center. Additional amenities at this condo include complimentary wireless Internet access, concierge services, and gift shops/newsstands.
Grab a bite from the grocery/convenience store serving guests of this condo.
Featured amenities include limo/town car service, express check-in, and express check-out. A roundtrip airport shuttle is provided for a surcharge (available 24 hours).
Deluxe Apartment with Balcony, 1 Bedroom
CITADINES MILLENNIUM ORTIGAS MANILA
11 Ortigas Avenue, Pasig (Show Map)
With a stay at Citadines Millennium Ortigas Manila, you'll be centrally located in Pasig, steps from Robinsons Galleria Mall and 12 minutes by foot from SM Megamall. This 4-star aparthotel is 3.5 mi (5.6 km) from Fo...
With a stay at Citadines Millennium Ortigas Manila, you'll be centrally located in Pasig, steps from Robinsons Galleria Mall and 12 minutes by foot from SM Megamall. This 4-star aparthotel is 3.5 mi (5.6 km) from Fort Bonifacio and 5.2 mi (8.4 km) from Venice Grand Canal Mall.
Make yourself at home in one of the 293 air-conditioned rooms featuring refrigerators and microwaves. Complimentary wireless Internet access keeps you connected, and cable programming is available for your entertainment. Private bathrooms with showers feature complimentary toiletries and hair dryers. Conveniences include phones, as well as safes and complimentary newspapers.
Take advantage of recreation opportunities including an outdoor pool and a fitness center. Additional features at this aparthotel include complimentary wireless Internet access, concierge services, and babysitting/childcare (surcharge).
Satisfy your appetite at one of the aparthotel's 2 restaurants. Buffet breakfasts are available daily from 6 AM to 10 AM for a fee.
Featured amenities include complimentary newspapers in the lobby, a 24-hour front desk, and multilingual staff. A shuttle from the airport to the hotel is provided for a surcharge (available 24 hours), and free self parking is available onsite.
Studio, Non Smoking

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
HCN News & Notes
State Distributing at Least 3.5 Million More Free At-home COVID-19 Tests
December 27, 2022 December 27, 2022 HCN Staff 96 Views
BOSTON — The Baker-Polito administration recently announced plans to distribute another 3.5 million free at-home COVID-19 rapid antigen tests and personal protective equipment (PPE) for municipalities and community organizations to make available to residents across the Commonwealth. This latest distribution builds upon the successful distribution of nearly 30 million at-home tests to a range of settings across the Commonwealth over the past year.
Municipalities may request to receive tests, KN95 masks, surgical masks, face shields, and nitrile gloves to combat the spread of COVID-19. The Commonwealth is also making these tools available to other settings and organizations, including day programs, councils on aging, community-based organizations, healthcare providers, providers of affordable housing for seniors, aging-services access points, and assisted-living residences.
"Over the past several years, we have partnered with communities to make sure residents can access the tools needed to manage COVID-19, like rapid antigen tests," Gov. Charlie Baker said. "These tests build on the availability of vaccines, boosters, and therapeutics, all of which are widely available across Massachusetts."
Added Secretary of Health and Human Services Marylou Sudders, "by expanding access to tests through the places where people regularly visit, and to municipalities who know their communities best, we will ensure that all Massachusetts residents have access to free tests and PPE to mitigate the spread of COVID-19. Everyone can continue taking steps to help manage COVID-19, including staying up to date on vaccines, staying home when sick, and wearing masks as needed."
← Twenty Community Partners Selected for MassHealth Accountable Care Organizations
Franklin-Hampshire CASA Receives $31,000 Grant →
What Will Hospital Websites of the Future Look Like?
May 5, 2015 May 5, 2015 HCN Staff
Trinity Health Of New England Kicks Off New England 61 Day Challenge
October 31, 2018 HCN Staff
Kimball Farms Life Care to Host Talk on Identity Theft, Computer Fraud
September 21, 2017 HCN Staff


text:
HouseOfNames > Aegeard
Aegeard History, Family Crest & Coats of Arms
Aegeard
Aegeard is a name of Anglo-Saxon origin and came from the ancient personal name Eggar.
Early Origins of the Aegeard family
The surname Aegeard was first found in Lancashire in the north of England, where they held a family seat from ancient times, but from about the 13th century moved south to Foston in Derbyshire, and Sudbury, in the same county.
Early History of the Aegeard family
This web page shows only a small excerpt of our Aegeard research.
Another 53 words (4 lines of text) covering the years 1516, 1613, 1701, 1540, 1615, 1540 and 1627 are included under the topic Early Aegeard History in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
Aegeard Spelling Variations
Spelling variations in names were a common occurrence before English spelling was standardized a few hundred years ago. In the Middle Ages, even the literate spelled their names differently as the English language incorporated elements of French, Latin, and other European languages. Many variations of the name Aegeard have been found, including Agard, Aggard, Aegard, Agart, Aggart, Egard and many more.
Early Notables of the Aegeard family (pre 1700)
Distinguished members of the family include Mabel Agard of Foston; and Étienne Agard de Champs (Dechamps) (1613-1701), a French Jesuit theologian and author. Arthur Agard or Agarde (1540-1615), was a distinguished antiquary and deputy-chamberlain in the Exchequer, was descended from an ancient Derbyshire family. He...
Another 44 words (3 lines of text) are included under the topic Early Aegeard Notables in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
Migration of the Aegeard family to Ireland
Some of the Aegeard family moved to Ireland, but this topic is not covered in this excerpt.
Migration of the Aegeard family to the New World and Oceana
Families began migrating abroad in enormous numbers because of the political and religious discontent in England. Often faced with persecution and starvation in England, the possibilities of the New World attracted many English people. Although the ocean trips took many lives, those who did get to North America were instrumental in building the necessary groundwork for what would become for new powerful nations. Among the first immigrants of the name Aegeard, or a variant listed above to cross the Atlantic and come to North America were : Edward Agard was one of the earliest settlers in the New World, being recorded in Virginia in the year 1640; Adam Egart settled in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1749.
Aegeard Family Crest Products
Aegeard Armorial History With Coat of Arms
Aegeard Coat of Arms & Surname History Package
Aegeard Family Crest Image (jpg) Heritage Series
Aegeard Coat of Arms/Family Crest Key-chain
Aegeard Coat of Arms/Family Crest Coffee Mug
Aegeard Armorial History with Frame
Aegeard Framed Surname History and Coat of Arms
Family seat


text:
/* GNUPLOT - QtGnuplotInstance.h */

/*[
 * Copyright 2009   Jérôme Lodewyck
 *
 * Permission to use, copy, and distribute this software and its
 * documentation for any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted,
 * provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and
 * that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear
 * in supporting documentation.
 *
 * Permission to modify the software is granted, but not the right to
 * distribute the complete modified source code.  Modifications are to
 * be distributed as patches to the released version.  Permission to
 * distribute binaries produced by compiling modified sources is granted,
 * provided you
 *   1. distribute the corresponding source modifications from the
 *    released version in the form of a patch file along with the binaries,
 *   2. add special version identification to distinguish your version
 *    in addition to the base release version number,
 *   3. provide your name and address as the primary contact for the
 *    support of your modified version, and
 *   4. retain our contact information in regard to use of the base
 *    software.
 * Permission to distribute the released version of the source code along
 * with corresponding source modifications in the form of a patch file is
 * granted with same provisions 2 through 4 for binary distributions.
 *
 * This software is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty
 * to the extent permitted by applicable law.
 *
 *
 * Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of the
 * GNU General Public License Version 2 or later (the "GPL"), in which case the
 * provisions of GPL are applicable instead of those above. If you wish to allow
 * use of your version of this file only under the terms of the GPL and not
 * to allow others to use your version of this file under the above gnuplot
 * license, indicate your decision by deleting the provisions above and replace
 * them with the notice and other provisions required by the GPL. If you do not
 * delete the provisions above, a recipient may use your version of this file
 * under either the GPL or the gnuplot license.
]*/

#ifndef QTGNUPLOTINSTANCE_H
#define QTGNUPLOTINSTANCE_H

#include <QtCore>

class QtGnuplotWidget;

class QtGnuplotInstance : public QObject
{
Q_OBJECT

public:
	QtGnuplotInstance(QtGnuplotWidget* widget = 0, QString gnuplotPath = "gnuplot");
	~QtGnuplotInstance();

public:
	/// Redirect the instance plotting to widget @p widget
	void setWidget(QtGnuplotWidget* widget);
	/// Returns the widget to which the instance plots
	QtGnuplotWidget* widget();
	/// Send the given command to gnuplot
	void exec(const QByteArray& command);

signals:
	/// Emitted when gnuplot sends data through it standards outputs
	void gnuplotOutput(const QString& output);

private slots:
	void gnuplotDataReady();

private:
	QtGnuplotWidget* m_widget;
	QProcess m_gnuplot;
};

/// Overloaded from QtGnuplotInstance::exec
QtGnuplotInstance& operator<<(QtGnuplotInstance& instance, const QString& command);
/// Overloaded from QtGnuplotInstance::exec
QtGnuplotInstance& operator<<(QtGnuplotInstance& instance, const QVector<QPointF>& points);

#endif // QTGNUPLOTINSTANCE_H

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Placówka Straży Granicznej I linii "Kośmidry" – jednostka organizacyjna Straży Granicznej pełniąca służbę ochronną na granicy polsko-niemieckiej w okresie międzywojennym.

Geneza
Na wniosek Ministerstwa Skarbu, uchwałą z 10 marca 1920 roku, powołano do życia Straż Celną. Od połowy 1921 roku jednostki Straży Celnej rozpoczęły przejmowanie odcinków granicy od pododdziałów Batalionów Celnych. Proces tworzenia Straży Celnej trwał do końca 1922 roku. Placówka Straży Celnej "Kośmidry" weszła w podporządkowanie komisariatu Straży Celnej "Lubliniec Południe" z Inspektoratu SC "Tarnowskie Góry".

Formowanie i zmiany organizacyjne
Rozporządzeniem Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej Ignacego Mościckiego z 22 marca 1928 roku, do ochrony północnej, zachodniej i południowej granicy państwa, a w szczególności do ich ochrony celnej, powoływano z dniem 2 kwietnia 1928 roku  Straż Graniczną.

Rozkazem nr 4 z 30 kwietnia 1928 roku w sprawie organizacji Śląskiego Inspektoratu Okręgowego dowódca Straży Granicznej gen. bryg. Stefan Pasławski określił strukturę organizacyjną komisariatu SG "Lubliniec". Placówka Straży Granicznej I linii "Kośmidry" znalazła się w jego strukturze.

Służba graniczna
 Przejścia graniczne
Na terenie placówki działało:
 przejście graniczne Kośmidry-Heidehammer, przy szosie prowadzącej z m. Pawonków do Heidehammer, pomiędzy kamieniem granicznym nr 101 – 102
 przejście gospodarcze Kośmidry-Heidehammer  pomiędzy kamieniem granicznym nr 105 – 106,
 przejście gospodarcze Kośmidry-Heidehammer pomiędzy kamieniem granicznym nr 105 – 106,
 przejście gospodarcze Kośmidry-Heidehammer pomiędzy kamieniem granicznym 106 – 107

Sąsiednie placówki
 placówka Straży Granicznej I linii "Pawonków" ⇔ placówka Straży Granicznej I linii "Dziewcza Góra" − 1928

Kierownicy/dowódcy placówki

Przypisy

Bibliografia

Placówki I linii Straży Granicznej (1928–1939)
Kośmidry (województwo śląskie)
Placówki I linii Straży Granicznej (1928–1939) rozmieszczone na granicy polsko-niemieckiej
Placówki Inspektoratu Granicznego nr 14 "Lubliniec"

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
BankSouth Contact Us My Account
Experience Mortgage Excellence
Mortgage Bankers
ReadyLoan
Kim Nelson
Dynamic, dedicated, and driven, Kim Nelson's sales record speaks for itself. With more than 25 years' experience as an award-winning sales executive, Kim has demonstrated phenomenal success driving billion-dollar sales growth and is a veritable leader at improving sales team performance. Kim's work ethic is highly regarded, and she is known by clients and business partners for her loyalty, tenacity, and unstoppable drive to succeed.
Kim has been named a "Phenomenon" by one of the nation's top speakers and sales trainers, 24-year industry veteran Doug Smith. After more than two decades of serving the mortgage industry and reaching annual production volume exceeding 1 billion, Kim's dream of owning her own business came to fruition in 2008 when she launched BankSouth Mortgage.
Since inception, BankSouth Mortgage has achieved over 1 billion in annual production volume and has earned the #1 spot for purchase market share and new construction purchase market share in one of the most competitive real estate markets in the country. In addition, the company has consistently been recognized as an Atlanta Business Chronicle's Best Places to Work. With nine offices throughout Georgia, BankSouth Mortgage continues to grow and thrive.
In 2016, Nelson expanded her role and was named the Atlanta Market President of BankSouth. In this role, she is charged with running the bank's Atlanta operations and strategically enhancing opportunities for relationship optimization between the bank and mortgage company. She was also recently named a 2016 "Woman Who Means Business" by the Atlanta Business Chronicle for making a difference in her community, trail blazing for others, and leaving a mark on business in Atlanta. Kim continuously demonstrates unmatched vision, determination, and leadership and is a role model to the BankSouth family for her constant pursuit of excellence.
Nelson and her husband of 29 years have two children and reside in Buckhead.
Connect with Kim: Facebook | LinkedIn | Instagram
David Holmes has been a mainstay in the mortgage industry for more than 30 years, each of which has been driven by a commitment to helping create the reality of home ownership for thousands of people, which remains a pillar of the American Dream.
An integral part of the Atlanta mortgage banking industry, David has held senior level management and executive positions in risk management, secondary marketing, operations, project management, and production. His career arc allows him to better understand the entire industry, which benefits BankSouth Mortgage's internal team as much as our clients. As BankSouth Mortgage's Chief Operating Officer, David is tasked with leading our strategic efforts and our endeavors within capital markets.
Like each executive team member at BankSouth Mortgage, he seeks to continue to lead and participate in an innovative lending company that is adapting to the new digital world, all while maintaining a positive environment for employees where each one has the ability to thrive.
David is an Atlanta native, and outside of work, he can be found spending time with his wife Sara — the smartest, prettiest person he's ever met — their two daughters, and his grandson, C.J. When David isn't working, he enjoys spending his time with his grandson, reading, traveling, and watching sports, most notably the Georgia Bulldogs and the Atlanta Braves. David lives in Marietta and holds a Bachelor's Degree in Finance from Georgia State University.
Mike Sleeth
Chief Accounting Officer
Mike Sleeth is the man at the financial helm of BankSouth Mortgage. As CAO, Mike is responsible for BankSouth Mortgage's financial reporting/auditing, loan operations, and loan servicing. Mike brings more than 40 years of financial management experience, beginning his career locally as vice president and controller of Decatur Federal Saving & Loan Association. Since then, Mike has been entrusted with managing the financial health and direction of banks and mortgage companies throughout the Southeast.
Prior to his tenure at BankSouth Mortgage, Mike served as chief financial officer for a number of financial institutions, including Embassy National Bank, Alpha Bank & Trust, BancMortgage Financial Corp., Premier Lending Corp./Premier Bank, and Mt. Vernon Savings Bank.
Mike is also a certified public accountant and serves as an instructor for the Institute of Financial Education for Thrift Institutions. He is also a past president of the Atlanta chapter of the Financial Managers Forum of Financial Institutions and has been involved in his community as past presidents of the Rotary Club of Alpharetta and the Hartridge Swim and Tennis Association.
Jim Bedsole
Jim Bedsole has over thirty years of experience in managing bank risk, regulatory compliance, auditing, security, and corporate governance with both regional and community banks. He was an early pioneer in the use of Internet resources for effective compliance management and in Internet banking compliance requirements.
Jim is a 1986 graduate of The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina in Charleston, SC. He is also a graduate of the ABA National Graduate School of Compliance Management. He is a Certified Regulatory Compliance Manager, Certified Bank Auditor, Certified Financial Services Auditor & Certified Anti-Money Laundering & Fraud Professional. Jim is a frequent speaker on the topics of compliance, risk management, consumer protection regulations, auditing, and Internet banking regulation. He is the Chairman of the Georgia Bankers Association Compliance Committee and Vice Chairman of the GBA Compliance School Board. He also currently serves on the faculty of the GBA Compliance School.
Jim previously served as co-chair of the ABA Enterprise Risk Management Working Group for Community Banks and on the ABA Risk Management Forum Advisory Committee. He is a former chairman of the SC Bankers Association Compliance and Regulatory Committee and former chairman of the SC Bankers Association Disaster Recovery Committee. He has served on the faculty of the ABA National Compliance School and the NC School of Banking. He is a "BOL Guru" with BankersOnline.com, providing expert services to bankers throughout the country. He has authored articles appearing in both regional and national publications, including ABA Bank Compliance Magazine, Palmetto Banker and numerous Internet web sites. He is also an active private pilot with an instrument rating.
Michelle Misere
Vice President, Compliance Officer
Maintaining proper compliance within the mortgage industry is one of Michelle Misere's passions. Michelle has been a staple of BankSouth Mortgage for more than 10 years. As the Vice President, Compliance Officer, Michelle ensures everything is in place according to the proper rules and regulations, all while giving our Mortgage Bankers the flexibility they need to satisfy each and every BankSouth Mortgage client.
Running the compliance department requires a certain skillset, and Michelle checks all of the boxes. She's detailed, inquisitive, analytical, results-oriented, and data-driven. She works very hard to get to a "yes" and work with departments to find the proper way to achieve their goals while being compliant, and as a Certified Regulatory Compliance Manager (CRCM) from the Institute of Certified Bankers, American Bankers Association, she has the skills and expertise to succeed in doing so. She's never been afraid to take charge or the lead on various projects within the organization, and like every member of BankSouth Mortgage's leadership team, she's here to help ensure our organization remains a top place to work in Georgia.
Michelle is a proud graduate of Delta State University where she earned a bachelor's degree in Business Administration as a marketing major. When she isn't working toward improving efficiencies within BankSouth Mortgage or working on community development initiatives, she enjoys spending time with her family in Cumming, Georgia and taking in the sights and sounds of nature and the outdoors.
Angela Bauknecht
Senior Vice President, Operations Manager
To keep its internal wheels in motion and the trains running on time, BankSouth Mortgage relies on Angela Bauknecht, its senior vice president and operations manager. Angela possesses more than 20 years of mortgage lending and operations experience, including one of her first position as a loan processor for Sun America Mortgage. As BankSouth Mortgage's operations manager, Angela oversees BankSouth Mortgage's operations staff of 50+ individuals, including loan processors, underwriters and underwriting liaisons, and set-up assistants. Angela is also responsible for staffing, training, and productivity.
Prior to her tenure at BankSouth Mortgage, Angela served as the regional operations manager for SunTrust Mortgage, where she managed SunTrust Atlanta retail operations staff across multiple office locations. While at SunTrust, Angela also managed the processing of an average of 500 loans for approximately $140 million per month, consistently remaining in the top five of 20+ divisions for productivity. During her career, Angela has also held additional positions in operations and processing at SunTrust, as well as at Sun America Mortgage, which was purchased by SunTrust in 2003 and officially changed its name in 2007.
Angela is graduate of Southern Methodist University in Dallas, where she earned her bachelor's degree in business administration with a concentration in real estate and minors in mathematics and psychology. Angela and her husband, Garth, live in Marietta and have two grown children, one finishing college and one finishing graduate school.
Cris Price
Senior Vice President, Agency and MI Relations Liaison
Cris Price has been a mainstay in the mortgage industry for more than three decades, working across multiple sectors in multiple markets. Over her 36 years in the industry, Cris has led efforts as an underwriter, a closer, as well as working within secondary marketing, product development, workflow management, and is now a senior vice president. Before coming to BankSouth Mortgage, Cris was the Vice President of Secondary Marketing at SunAmerica, where she led the entire department. She's succeeded in each role due to a commitment to hard work and dedication to customers, because everything we do at BankSouth Mortgage is through the lens of what's best for our customers. No one embodies that spirit more clearly than Cris.
The mortgage industry is special to Cris, because at its core it's all about helping people buy a home, whether it's a starter or a dream home, or anything in between. Cris is committed to helping BankSouth Mortgage maintain — and grow — its impressive level of success, and her deep knowledge of the entire industry is a valuable asset to BankSouth Mortgage's leadership team.
Cris' dedication to ensuring BankSouth Mortgage upholds its incredibly high standards for customer service is one of the many reasons why BankSouth Mortgage is where it is today. Cris' career goal is to be a key contributor to the success of BankSouth Mortgage and to help deliver the best customer service in the industry, which is exactly what she does each and every day.
Cris is a proud graduate of the University of North Carolina with a degree in business administration. She lives in Marietta, Georgia, and when she's not working, she enjoys spending time with her family, Alabama football, and playing with her new puppy.
David Godwin
Senior Vice President, Business Development
I have been in the mortgage industry for over 20 years as a top-performing loan originator up until September of 2012. Since September 2012, I have been on the BankSouth Mortgage team as Senior Vice President of Business Development. My focus is on establishing relationships with home builders, real estate partners, recruiting top-performing mortgage bankers, and acting as a brand ambassador within the Atlanta mortgage banking and real estate industry.
Prior to joining BankSouth Mortgage, I was a a Loan Officer at SunTrust Mortgage and HomeBanc Mortgage where I specialized in residential mortgages for my customers.
My top priorities are relationships and community. I'm a resident of Carrollton, Georgia, where I have served over 10 years on the Carrollton City Schools Board of Education. As of October 2019, I'm in my third year on the Carrollton Corridor Redevelopment Committee. In the past, I have served on the Planning and Finance committees for Carrollton First United Methodist Church.
Doug Rounds
Senior Vice President, Closing/Post Closing/Disclosure Review
Doug Rounds has more than 31 years of experience in the mortgage industry, spanning multiple positions within multiple departments. Until Doug moved over to the operations side of the business 8 years ago at BankSouth Mortgage, he had been a loan originator, where he was consistently a statewide top-10 producer year over year. As BankSouth Mortgage's Senior Vice President, he leads our post-closing, closing, and disclosure review departments.
In this role, Doug immediately manages approximately 20 staff members dedicated to ensuring a smooth, friendly, proficient, and profitable experience (from Initial Disclosures to the delivery of Final Documents), to both internal and external customers alike.
Doug is a detail-oriented, dedicated professional who prides himself on his loyalty and commitment to fairness. Doug strives every day to create improvements to processes that drive positive results, and he is passionate about technological advances that improve efficiencies and reduce costs. The result is always to ensure BankSouth Mortgage is on strong financial ground while fulfilling its duty to our clients.
Doug and his spouse live with their two dogs in the Buckhead community in Atlanta, Georgia. When he's not working to ensure BankSouth Mortgage is the best firm it can be, Doug enjoys renovating houses, working on the family farm, and spending time with his friends and family.
Derek Walton
Senior Vice President, Secondary Marketing Manager
Derek Walton has been in the Mortgage industry for more than 15 years, beginning with his first position out of college as a processor. While working his way through various roles, Derek has immersed himself into the mortgage industry, moving from a processor to a closer to the head of the secondary lock desk. When he made the move to BankSouth Mortgage in 2012, Derek was brought in to be the Operations Project Lead and has since moved into the Vice President, Secondary Marketing Manager position.
Needless to say, Derek understands what it takes to create value for clients while providing the necessary support for BankSouth Mortgage's employees. A constant theme in Derek's professional life is a devotion to hard work, integrity, and teamwork. BankSouth Mortgage has cultivated a leadership team designed to provide the highest level of customer service to our clients by ensuring our mortgage bankers have the guidance and tools needed to excel in their roles, and Derek epitomizes this mentality in everything he does. He always puts the goals of the company at the forefront, and he hopes his time at BankSouth Mortgage is defined by actions that left a positive impact on both the organization and its clients.
Derek is a very proud graduate of the University of Georgia with a degree in Finance. When he's not working hard to make BankSouth Mortgage the best place to work in Georgia, Derek loves spending time with his wife and beautiful daughter, Ella. They live in Smyrna, Georgia and in his down time he enjoys spending time with his family, playing his guitar, listening to music, and rooting on his beloved Georgia Bulldogs.
Greg Hart
Senior Vice President, Retail Production
Greg Hart entered the mortgage industry in 1999 where he began his career as a financial analyst in the commercial loan serving industry. He then transitioned into residential lending in 2002. In 2005, Greg was named one of the top 200 residential loan officers in the nation by Mortgage Originator Magazine. He became a producing production manager in 2006 and most recently was the producing branch manager in Atlanta for 3 offices of a nationally recognized mortgage company. In addition, he holds the Mortgage Banker Association's Certified Mortgage Banker (CMB) Designation, the highest professional designation available for a residential mortgage banker. Greg's innate talents of problem solving, creativity, and leadership coupled with his level of experience and expertise allow him to successfully and dynamically lead the loan production department of BankSouth Mortgage.
Greg is a graduate of Emory University with a Bachelor of Business Administration in Finance. He is married to his beautiful wife, Kelly, and has three wonderful children, Lilly, Russell, and Gregory.
Debbie Sundal
Vice President, Human Resources Manager
BankSouth Mortgage's best asset isn't our excellent products — though they are indeed excellent. Our best asset is our people, and Debbie Sundal, as Vice President, Human Resources Manager, ensures our people drive everything we do.
Debbie has been with BankSouth Mortgage since 2012, playing an integral role in creating and maintaining a workplace culture everyone is proud to be a part of. Debbie has been involved in human resources for more than 15 years, and she brings the BankSouth guiding principles — Be Ready, Be Responsive, Be Respectful — into everything she does.
Debbie's personality goes a long way in what makes her such a powerful asset to our team. She's empathetic, even keeled, and she's above all else a team player who's willing to step in and help the organization continue to grow.
BankSouth Mortgage is focused on creating extraordinary customer service both to our clients and to our employees, and Debbie is a key to ensuring we're successful at internal lateral customer service. When Debbie isn't working, she enjoys spending time with her family, cooking, traveling, and she loves a great game night.
Debbie is a graduate of Kennesaw State University with a Bachelor of Science degree in Political Science. She lives in Alpharetta, Georgia with her wonderful husband Harald and she has two married daughters.
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text:
Q: Does the distributional antiderivative of a $L^p$ function always exist? So say I have $f\in L^p$. Is there always a function $g\in L^p$ such that
$$
\langle f,-\phi_x\rangle = \langle g,\phi\rangle
$$
for all $\phi\in C^\infty_c$. Or phrased differently if $f\in L^p$ does $g\in W^{1,p}$ with $g_x=f$ exist?
(at least on bounded domains)
I think so but I'm not sure. My proof would be:
Define the distribution $T_{g(f)}(\phi) = \langle f,-\phi_x\rangle$. Then in a lecture I was told that if $T$ is a distribution and $\partial_1 T,\dots,\partial_n T\in \text{RM}_{\text{loc}}$ then $T\in L^1_\text{loc}$. So by Hölder's inequality $\partial_x T_g\in L^1_{\text{loc}}$ such that $T_g\in L^1_\text{loc}$. Using the same technique again I get that the second antiderivative is $L^1_{\text{loc}}$ and therefore in $W^{1,1}_{\text{loc}}$ which in turn by Sobolev embedding implies that $T_g$ is continuous and therefore $L^p_{\text{loc}}$
Is this true?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


It may be easy to just think of chickpeas as the main ingredient in hummus and not used for anything else. However, a savvy plant-based cook knows that chickpeas – and chickpea flour – can be used in meals throughout the day. It just takes a little bit of thinking outside the box!


Journal of Epilepsy Research 2013; 3(2): 43-47.
Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is the most commonly encountered developmental malformation that causes refractory epilepsy. With advances in neuroimaging techniques, in particular MRI, recent studies have revealed a higher prevalence of FCD than previously estimated and have improved the preoperative identification and classification of these abnormalities. However, MRI frequently does not show any abnormalities in patients with pathologically proven FCD. In this situation, functional neuroimaing such as FDG-PET and ictal SPECT can be helpful. FCD is thought to be intrinsically epileptogenic, because the dysplastic tissues contain aberrant neural networks that are highly susceptible to abnormal excitation. The response to the medical treatment of epilepsy has been documented as consistently poor. Therefore, surgical resection has been an important alternative treatment for patients with intractable epilepsy related to FCD. Incomplete resection of FCD has been consistently known to be a poor prognostic factor. However, the complete removal of FCD is often difficult because the demarcation of the lesion is frequently poor, and dysplastic tissues tend to be more extensive than is apparent on MRI. Evidence indicates that even patients with MRI abnormalities who have resective epilepsy surgery for FCD have worse surgical outcomes than those of patients who have surgery for other focal lesional epilepsy syndromes. Careful planning of evelauation using intracranial electrodes is necessary for successful epilepsy surgery.
Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is the most commonly encountered developmental malformation causing refractory epilepsy. Malformation of cortical development (MCD) is malformative lesions of the brain resulting from developmental aberration of normal processes that take place mostly during the first two trimesters of pregnancy and involving cells participating in the formation of the normal cerebral cortex. Neuronal migration disorder is regarded as an old terminology because not all MCDs are caused by neuronal migration anomaly. There are heterogeneous groups of focal or diffuse malformations depending on the causes and timing of the defect in the developmental processes.
There is no general consensus on the classification of MCD because a particular defect in the cortical development may be responsible for more than one morphological subcategory of MCDs and one morphological subtype of MCD may arise from more than one mechanism for its formation. The most commonly used classification is Barkovich classification.8 It has four categories based on the major stages of brain development. They are malformation due to abnormal neuronal and glial proliferation, malformation due to abnormal neuronal migration, malformation due to abnormal cortical organization including later neuronal migration, and unclassified malformations. However, with the application of this system on the classification of FCD, FCD should be subdivided into two subcategories. FCD without balloon cells belongs to the category of malformation due to abnormal cortical organization including later neuronal migration and FCD with balloon cells belongs to the category of abnormal neuronal and glial proliferation.
Since the first distinctive and characteristic focal pathology was described,15 numerous classification schemes have been presented. Tassi et al16 proposed a new simplified classification based on the pathological characteristics with some other aspects including MRI findings and clinical considerations. They are architectural dysplasia, cytoarcitecural dysplasia, and Taylor-type cortical dysplasia. The common feature of these three entities was cortical laminar disruption. The distinction was based on the presence of cytological abnormalities such as giant neurons, dysmorphic neurons, and balloon cells.
Palmini et al17 further refined the terminology of classification of FCD with continuing criteria of histopatholgical findings. Recently ILAE proposed the new classification.18 In this system, FCD was classified into three entities (Table 2). The whole mark of Type I FCD is the cortical dyslamination and that of type II is the presence of dysmorphic neuron with or without balloon cells in addition to the cortical dyslamination. If there is another lesion other than type I or type II pathology, it is categorized into FCD type III.
MRI features of FCD are variable. They are focal increase of cortical thickness, blurring of gray-white matter junction, increased signal in T2-weighted or FLAIR imaging, and increased signal from the cortical surface to the ventricle (Fig. 1). The final characteristic finding is called transmantle sign. Thin slice section and concomitant use of T2 and FLAIR imaging are important in detecting small FCD. The diagnostic sensitivity is increased along with the severity of pathology of FCD (Table 3).19 Thirty-seven percent of the patients with type I FCD had normal MRI while only 15% with FCD type II had negative MRI.16,19–22 The thick gray matter, blurring gray and white matter junction, and increased T2 or FLAIR signal are more frequently associated with type II FCD pathology. However, Most MRI findings could not differentiate Type I from Type II pathology because of significant overlapping of imaging findings between FCD type I and type II.23 Cortical thickness and blurring of GW junction were more common in isolated FCD than in FCD type III. And the transmantle sign on MRI was more specific to Type II.
Although MRI increases our confidence in the localization of epileptogenic foci and allows surgical resection to be performed without preoperative invasive studies, our series47 demonstrated that complete resection guided by areas of ictal onset, persistent pathological delta slowing, >1/sec frequent spikes, and intermittent fast activity (HFO) detected by intracranial EEG was very useful leading to the complete resection even in the patients with negative MRI. The importance of complete resection indicates that seizures may originate from periphery of FCD as well as the center of FCD. There is an inherent difficulty in identifying the epileptogenic zone in MR-negative FCD patients, which often results in incomplete resection. However, with careful interpretation of other studies including functional neuroimaging and concordant results among these studies, surgical treatment can benefit patients with MR-negative FCD.
The positive prognostic effect of severe pathological features has been documented in previous reports, which predominantly included patients with identifiable lesions on MRI.2,16,45,48 Our series19 also identified that the patients with severe pathological features have a higher chance of becoming seizure free after surgery regardless of MRI results. The prognostic role of pathological severity may be related to the completeness of surgical resection. Although the epileptogenic zone in FCD does not always correspond to the area with the most severe pathological features, it is generally accepted that the epileptogenicity of FCD is usually associated with its pathological severity. From this point of view, the severe pathology may mean more confined and higher epileptogenic area. The severe pathology can also easily be identified by other neuroimaging techniques. Furthermore, mild and severe pathology may have different characteristics of epileptogenic network. In other words, numerous variable entities may be clustered in mild pathology.
FCD is the most common MCD which is a major cause of epilepsy. Most MCDs are epileptogenic: FCD has intrinsic epileptogenicity. Neuroimaging development, especially high resolution MRI, can increase the detection rate of MCD, which can make us treat the patients surgically. FDG-PET and ictal SPECT can be valuable in the localization of FCD, which may be especially useful in the patients with normal MRI. Surgical treatment is a option for refractory epilepsy with FCD and complete resection of FCD area is the major prognostic factor. Complete resection of early ictal onset zone and resection which includes the area with pathological delta waves and frequent interictal spikes predict good surgical outcome. Pathologic characteristics are important not only for the correct diagnosis but also for prediction of surgical prognosis.
MRI findings of focal cortical dysplasia. (A, B) Thick gyri (arrows), (C) Blurring of cortico-white matter junction, (D) Focal high signal, (E) Transmantle sign.
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2. Widdess-Walsh P, Diehl B, Najm I. Neuroimaging of focal cortical dysplasia. J Neuroimaging. 2006;16:185–96.
3. Guerrini R, Holthausen H, Pameggiani L, et al. Epilepsy and malformations of the cerebral cortex. Roger J, Bureau M, Dravet C, editors. Epilepticc syndromes in infancy, childhood and adolescence. 3rd Ed. London: John Libbey; 2002. p. 457–479.
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6. Bilgüvar K, Oztürk AK, Louvi A, et al. Whole-exome sequencing identifies recessive WDR62 mutations in severe brain malformations. Nature. 2010;467:207–10.
7. Lee JH, Huynh M, Silhavy JL, et al. De novo somatic mutations in components of the PI3K-AKT3-mTOR pathway cause hemimegalencephaly. Nature Genet. 2012;44:941–5.
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11. Cepeda C, Hurst RS, Flores-Hernández J, et al. Morphological and electrophysiological characterization of abnormal cell types in pediatric cortical dysplasia. J Neurosci Res. 2003;72:472–86.
12. Mikuni N, Babb TL, Ying Z, et al. NMDA-receptors 1 and 2A/B coassembly increased in human epileptic focal cortical dysplasia. Epilepsia. 1999;40:1683–7.
13. Ying Z, Babb TL, Mikuni N. Selective coexpression of NMDAR2A/B and NMDAR1 subunit proteins in dysplastic neurons of human epileptic cortex. Exp Neurol. 1999;159:409–18.
14. White R, Hua Y, Scheithauer , et al. Selective alterations in glutamate and GABA receptor subunit mRNA expression in dysplastic neurons and giant cells of cortical tubers. Ann Neurol. 2001;49:67–78.
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17. Palmini A, Najim I, Avanzini G, et al. Terminology and classification of the cortical dysplasia. Neurology. 2004;62:2–8.
18. Blumcke I, Thom M, Aronica E, et al. The clinicopathologic spectrum of focal cortical dysplasia: a conseneus classification propsed by an ad hoc Task Force of the ILAE Diagnostic Methods Commission (1). Epilepsia. 2011;52:158–74.
19. Kim DW, Lee SK, Chu K, et al. Predictors of surgical outcome and pathologic considerations in focal cortical dysplasia. Neurology. 2009;72:211–216.
20. Kloss S, Pieper T, Pannek H, et al. Epilepsy surgery in children with focal cortical dysplasia (FCD): results of long-term seizure outcome. Neuropediatrics. 2002;33:21–6.
21. Cohen-Gadol AA, Ozduman K, Bronen RA, et al. Long-term outcome after epilepsy surgery for focal cortical dysplasia. J Neurosurg. 2004;101:55–65.
22. Krsek P, Maton B, Jayakar P, et al. Incomplete resection of focal cortical dysplasia is the main predictor of poor postsurgical outcome. Neurolory. 2009;72:217–23.
23. Kim DW, Kim S, Park S, et al. Comparison of MRI features and surgical outcome among the subtypes of focal cortical dysplasia. Seizure. 2012;21:789–94.
24. Chapman K, Wyllie E, Najm I, et al. Seizure outcome after epilepsy surgery in patients with normal preoperative MRI. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2005;76:710–3.
25. Lee SK, Lee SY, Kim KK, Hong KS, Lee DS, Chung CK. Surgical outcome and prognostic factors of cryptogenic neocortical epilepsy. Ann Neurol. 2005;58:525–32.
26. McGonigal A, Bartolomei F, Régis J, et al. Stereoelectroencephalography in presurgical assessment of MRI-negative epilepsy. Brain. 2007;130:3169–83.
27. Geier S, Bancaud J, Talairach J, Bonis A, Szikla G, Enjelvin M. The seizures of frontal lobe epilepsy. Neurology. 1977;27:951–8.
28. Chugani HT, Shewmon DA, Shields WD, et al. Surgery for intractable infantile spasms: neuroimaging perspectives. Epilepsia. 1993;34:764–771.
29. Duncan R, Biraben A, Patterson J, et al. Ictal single photon emission computed tomography in occipital lobe seizures. Epilepsia. 1997;38:839–43.
30. Henry TR, Babb TL, Engel J, Mazziotta JC, Phelps ME, Crandall PM. Hippocampal neuronal loss and regional hypometabolism in temporal lobe epilepsy. Ann Neurol. 1994;36:925–7.
31. Shields WD, Duchowny MS, Holmes GL. Surgically remediable syndromes of infancy and early childhood. Engel J, editor. Surgical treatment of the epilepsies. 2nd ed. New York: Raven Press; 1993. p. 35–48.
32. Williamson PD, Spencer DD, Spencer SS, Novelly RA, Mattson RH. Complex partial seizures of frontal lobe origin. Ann Neurol. 1985;18:497–504.
33. Hader WJ, Mackay M, Otsubo H, et al. Cortical dysplastic lesions in children with intractable epilepsy: role of complete resection. J Neurosurg. 2004;100:2 Suppl Pediatrics. 110–7.
34. Lerner JT, Salamon N, Hauptman JS, et al. Assessment and surgical outcomes for mild type I and severe type II cortical dysplasia: a critical review and the UCLA experience. Epilepsia. 2009;50:1310–35.
35. Park CK, Kim SK, Wang KC, et al. Surgical outcome and prognostic factors of pediatric epilepsy caused by cortical dysplasia. Childs Nerv Syst. 2006;22:586–92.
36. Alexandre V, Walz R, Bianchin MM, et al. Seizure outcome after surgery for epilepsy due to focal cortical dysplastic lesions. Seizure. 2006;420–7.
37. Gupta A, Raja S, Kotagal P, et al. Ictal SPECT in children with partial epilepsy due to focal cortical dysplasia. Pediatr Neurol. 2004;31:89–95.
38. Kim SK, Na DG, Byun HS, et al. Focal cortical dysplasia: comparison of MRI and FDG-PET. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2000;24:296–302.
39. Siegel AM, Cascino GD, Meyer FB, Marsh WR, Scheithauer BW, Sharbrough FW. Surgical outcome and predictive factors in adult patients with intractable epilepsy and focal cortical dysplasia. Acta Neurol Scand. 2006;113:65–71.
40. Yun CH, Les SK, Lee SY, et al. Prognostic factors in neocortical epilepsy surgery: multivariate analysis. Epilepsia. 2006;47:574–9.
41. Fauser S, Schulze-Bonhage A, Honegger J, et al. Focal cortical dysplasias: surgical outcome in 67 patients in relation to histological subtypes and dual pathology. Brain. 2004;127:2406–18.
42. Kral T, von Lehe M, Podlogar M. Focal cortical dysplasia: long term seizure outcome after surgical treatment. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2007;78:853–6.
43. Britton JW, Cascino GD, Sharbrough FW, Kelly PJ. Low-grade glial neoplasms and intractable partial epilepsy: efficacy of surgical treatment. Epilepsia. 1994;35:1130–5.
44. Jeong SW, Lee SK, Hong KS, Kim KK, Chung CK, Kim H. Prognostic factors for the surgery for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: longitudinal analysis. Epilepsia. 2005;46:1273–9.
45. Chung CK, Lee SK, Kim KJ. Surgical outcome of epilepsy caused by cortical dysplasia. Epilepsia. 2005;46:Suppl 1. 25–9.
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47. Kim DW, Kim HK, Lee SK, et al. Extent of neocortical resection and surgical outcome of epilepsy: Intracranial EEG analysis. Epilepsia. 2010;51:1010–7.
48. Hardiman O, Burke T, Phillips J, et al. Microdysgenesis in resected temporal neocortex: incidence and clinical significance in focal epilepsy. Neurology. 1988;38:1041–7.


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Kettering, Ohio, USA - A cafe owner in Ohio is trying a new technique to keep customers happy -- he's letting them name their own price for their food and drinks.
Petoskey, Michigan, USA - When Matthew Jones decided to donate a kidney to a stranger, the Michigan father of five had no idea he'd be starting a lifesaving, "pay it forward" chain.


Apparently Boyang hasn't gotten his visa yet and he's supposed to be flying out at 2am tomorrow...it's 3:30pm in China rn.
I still have tickets available for both Saturday sessions, gold seats, tribune P (I think row five or six). I won't be attending, and it's a shame to let them go to waste.
So if anyone feels like upgrading their seats, please let me know.
edit: sorry I wasn't clear, it's one ticket for the afternoon and one for the evening session on Saturday.