This guest post comes from Knarig Arabshian, Member of Technical Staff at Bell Labs, Alcatel-Lucent in Murray Hill, NJ.
Knarig is interested in creating Semantic Web technologies toward establishing a personalized network of services. She does research work in context-aware computing, service discovery and composition. For more information about her work, you can take a look at her site at http://www.knarig.com or contact her at knarig.arabshian@alcatel-lucent.com.
Service discovery is not an easy task in today's Web. Discovering an API requires searching through a large number of services on the Internet and then reading pages of documentation to figure out how to use the ones that may match your application. This is the case in Programmable Web as well. The API directory shows over 5000 APIs which are manually categorized in over 50 service categories.
And that's not all...there are around 80 APIs coming in per week and each of these are manually identified and categorized within a single service category. So how can we improve the search and classification?
One way is to use an ontology to describe the APIs. An ontology is a shared understanding of a domain of interest. It describes the meaning or semantics of a domain with a formal model so that machines can understand this data and process it automatically. The main components of an ontology are classes, properties and individuals. A class represents the domain, the properties represent the set of attributes for that domain and the individuals are actual instances contained within the class. Think of how object orientation works: a class contains variables and methods and instances can represent that class. The analogy with an ontology would be: OO Class → Ontology Class; OO Variable → Ontology Property; OO Instance → Ontology Individual.
However, there is something an ontology provides that object orientation and databases do not and that is reasoning. Reasoning allows information to be inferred, given the existing information in the ontology. Since ontologies are description logics and provide a subset of first-order logic axioms, it can represent class relationships such as: equivalence, subclass, superclass, or disjointness. An ontology class can also have existential or universal restrictions placed on properties. A reasoner processes these axioms and infers relationships that may not have been explicitly stated. For example, reasoners can infer that one class is equivalent to another or that an instance belongs to one ore more classes.
Taking an example directly from the ProgrammableWeb services, we see that each API is manually categorized in a single category, even if it had a set of attributes that matched two categories. However, if we use an ontology, the APIs will be classified in all the categories that they logically belong in. The diagram below shows an example of such a classification. Services such as Flickr, Facebook and Picasa provide both social media and photo services; Tripadvisor also provides a travel service with social media capabilities and so on.
So the idea here is that if we describe ProgrammableWeb APIs with high-level attributes using an ontology, we can enable automatic classification of services as well as improve service discovery because registration and querying will be done based on the service attributes.
The main problem we had to tackle was to create a high-level ontology that described ProgrammableWeb services. Typically, a domain expert creates an ontology for a domain. ProgrammableWeb, however, has APIs from a broad set of domains. We did not have access to experts from each domain, so we took a different approach, creating a tool that uses a combination of web-based domain knowledge, the ProgrammableWeb directory of API listings, and Natural Language Processing (NLP) to identify top terms and interesting phrases for each ProgrammableWeb category and API. We call our tool LexOnt. It is a plugin for Protege, the de facto ontology editor. The result is an ontology specified in the W3C's Web Ontology Language (OWL). For further information on LexOnt, you can take a look at a paper we published at the AAAI Spring Symposium for Intelligent Services meet Social Web or watch a video of our demo.
With LexOnt, we created a number of high-level features that described the APIs and consequently, the service category. Below, are a few snapshots of the PW ontology. The PW service classes are created to be subclasses of the PWService class and are renamed to have an "_Service" appended to it to signify that they are service classes.
Every service category has a hasFeature property that takes values from the Feature class. The Feature class describes high-level features of a given service category. The example below shows a number of high-level features of the Advertising service category.
With this ontology description, we can now represent APIs as ontology individuals. Let's take two API examples from ProgrammableWeb. 140 Proof is categorized in the Advertising class and Badgeville is categorized in the Social class. However, when analyzing the significant terms and phrases we saw that they shared both social and advertising features, namely, they were social advertising APIs. So we created a Social_Advertising_Feature class as a subclass of both Advertising_Feature and Social_Feature and assigned the hasFeature property to this value. With this assignment, they are automatically categorized in both the Advertising_Service and Social_Service classes.
We have currently completed the ontology description for five service classes: Advertising, Social, Travel, Real-Estate and Utility. Next, with this description, we plan to generate a form-like interface so that users can now discover services with semantic queries. Queries such as: find me an advertising service for social networks; or find me a social networking service for book sharing can be issued which will return a filtered and specific set of results.
Is the ontology available online?
I suppose the ultimate use for it would be fully automatic discovery and use of the APIs, without human intervention. That's probably a bit sci-fi given the shape of most APIs these days, although presumably some will offer direct readable data through URLs. With a little out-of-band (semantic) annotation it should be possible to get linked data from such stuff.
Very interesting! This is *very* similar to what we did with WSDL-based Web services in the EU project Service-Finder (http://www.service-finder.eu/) in 2008-2009.
Danny, thank you for your feedback. The ontology is not yet available online. We have built a subset of it and will be using it to develop an interface for querying and registration. Yes, the grand vision is to fully automate discovery and composition but, like you said, this is a long-term goal. Our immediate goal is to improve the user experience by creating a registration and querying interface for APIs via this high-level ontology. Our ultimate goal is to have a standard description of the full service functionality of PW APIs so that discovery/execution can be automated. Once we have these structured API descriptions, one can only imagine the possible front-end applications that can be built upon this service directory.
We are currently looking at the various standards that are out there. Our plan is to incorporate some kind of user-friendly API description tool during the registration process to help people document their APIs in a machine-readable format. Do you have any suggestions on this? We'd be interested to hear your thoughts.
Irene, thank you for the pointer. However, I tried linking to it and it seems to be broken. Could you refer me to some documentation about your system?


text:
Flipping The Syrian Script
In the week after his inauguration, 45 will have an unusual opportunity to put his new diplomatic designs to the test in, of all places, Astana, the remote capital of Kazakhstan.
If this sounds like a Borat joke, it isn't. Astana is where Russia is convening a deadly serious new round of Syrian peace talks, to which it ostentatiously invited the incoming administration.
45's team has not yet publicly responded to this invitation, but it should seize the chance to work with Russia and others on the intractable Syria problem, in a way that long eluded 44's team. If the Astana conference is too soon for serious input from Washington, a follow-up, UN-sponsored February 8 meeting in Geneva will provide a perfect second chance.
There is nothing new, or necessarily bad, about trying to work with Russia on Syria. 44 and Secretary of State Kerry tried that for the past four years. They failed, with the limited exception of the 2013 deal to rid the Assad regime of most (though not all) of its chemical weapons. For 45 to renew this effort would make eminent good sense -- provided that this time it offers a realistic prospect of achieving positive American objectives, rather than simply buying time for the negative Russian one of keeping Assad in power at any price (see "45 and the Middle East: Between Hope and Apprehension," Fikra Forum).
That prospect exists if new realties on the ground, and new diplomatic approaches, are properly exploited. There is reason to believe that 45 intends to do exactly that, based on a careful reading of his enigmatic January 16 interview in the Times of London and Germany's Bild newspaper. There, he proposed a deal on Russia sanctions in which "a lot of people are gonna benefit." He mentioned that nuclear arms reductions would be "a part of it," but also referred to the "terrible humanitarian situation" in Syria.
Alleviating this humanitarian catastrophe should be the first objective of a new U.S. approach.
And that means going to Astana with three clear, urgent priorities: shoring up the promising but still shaky Syrian ceasefire; ensuring better, more impartial delivery of emergency humanitarian relief; and insisting on protection for the remaining areas held by the relatively moderate opposition, primarily in the northern province of Idlib and the southern province of Deraa. This would prevent those areas from becoming, in the words of one senior Western humanitarian aid official, "the great new killing fields of the region" -- and precipitating a new, uncontrollable flood of desperate refugees into Jordan, Turkey, Europe, and perhaps beyond.
The second U.S. objective should be to coordinate a faster but more precise offensive against Islamic State and al-Qaeda terrorists inside Syria. This could mean much more than just an isolated Russian airstrike. Rather, it could include an agreement to deconflict all forces arrayed against these designated terrorist groups: not just Americans and Russians, but also regime and Free Syrian Army rebel units, Turkish and Kurdish forces, and more. That, in turn, could facilitate two major U.S. objectives: liberating the Islamic State's self-declared capital in Raqqa sooner rather than later, and preempting direct clashes between Washington's Kurdish and Turkish friends, at least on Syrian soil.
A third, longer-term objective in Astana should be to at least begin the process of distinguishing legitimate actors and interests in Syria from Iranian, Hezbollah, and other foreign sectarian militias there (see "Preventing the Radicalization of Syria," Fikra Forum). The United States should urge conference participants to demand the eventual withdrawal of the latter actors, perhaps keeping open an option for international peacekeepers by common consent. Even if such a declaration has no immediate practical effect, it would help reassure American friends inside Syria and beyond, and possibly set the stage for future steps to separate Russian and regime interests from those of Iran and its dangerous proxies.
Why would Russia accept any of this?
For one thing, 45 is prepared to offer the sweetener of selective sanctions relief. Crucially, though, he wouldn't need to offer very much, because Russia has additional reasons to compromise.
First, this deal would defer action against the Assad regime -- which is too weak to retake control of the whole country without outside military support anyway.
Second, Russia really does want to rid Syria of terrorists, which it sees as a threat to its own security. And third, a realistic compromise on Syria would serve Moscow's ability to balance among rival regional players: Sunnis and Shiites, Turks and Kurds, even Arabs and Israelis.
Notably, some Arab players on opposite sides of the war are newly aware of this last important point. On January 9, the pro-regime Syrian daily al-Watan published on op-ed with the sensational headline "Are Iran and Russia Really Selling Syria to Turkey?" -- before concluding with the sensible observation that Moscow "knows it must have a relationship not only with its allies but also with its adversaries." Four days later, the independent Jordanian daily al-Ghad put the case more bluntly: Russia, it opined, now wants "to change its image as the superpower that stood against the Sunnis."
Coming full circle, the Astana venue and participants symbolize this new combination of Russian confidence and potential concessions. Kazakhstan is a pro-Russian but Turkic-majority country, and a predominantly Muslim one that nevertheless just hosted an official visit by none other than Israeli prime minister Binyamin Netanyahu. And the conference will include Iranians, Arabs, Turks, and even a few Kurds, who all continue to voice disparate views on Syria, plus the Assad regime and much of the mainstream opposition, which just rescinded a boycott warning.
And this time, unlike the earlier, equally diverse Geneva conferences on Syria, the United States may come with a realistic proposal that could bring Russia on board. If the 45th administration manages to eke out greater success in this key arena, it should be applauded by all Americans, regardless of political affiliation.
ISIS' Chemical Weaponry
Audie Murphy Day
45 And NATO
45's Lessons From The Surge
44's Drone Legacy
EMP Artillery
COIN, Chechnya Style
Two China Policy
Royal Navy Versus China?
von Richthofen Day
Confronting North Korea
Year Of The Commando
Nothing Less Than Victory
Top Threats Of 2017
Navy's New Nine

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Have you ever get bored while watching a YouTube Video or a movie? No right? You know why because you are doing something you have interest in. So, the biggest reason behind the distraction while you are studying is Lack of Interest, Lack of Purpose, or maybe Lack of Motivation. You may name it any of these. So, what should one do to avoid distraction? The answer is simple, know your Why. That's right if you really want to focus on your studies find out the reason why you opted for it? For example, you want to take admission in your desired college. Think about why you want to take admission in that college. Try to find the reason behind everything you are doing and you'll see the difference yourself. Note down that reason on the paper and paste it at different places like- bathroom, on Study Table, near your Bed. It'll help you to remind yourself of the reason and keep you motivated.
You all must have noticed while studying a number of the task comes to your mind, which you need to complete. In such a situation, your mind gets distracted from what you are actually doing. So, to avoid such situation all you need to do is – keep a distraction sheet with yourself while you are studying. You can note down all the things coming to your mind, which need your attention on that sheet. Later when you are done studying, have a look at that sheet and complete the work as per your priorities. This will help you to free your mind from worries, like what might if I forget to do this later. And you can focus on your studies better.
Once you have successfully studied for certain hours without any distraction, treat your yourself with satisfying your urge to check Facebook or Instagram. Give yourself half an hour or 20 minutes break to check the phone or do whatever you feel like doing. But, make sure if you have allowed yourself half-an-hour it shouldn't exceed the time. After half an hour again go back to your undisturbed study routine.
1- Choose a place which is free from distraction, you can go to a library. Or if you are studying at home make sure no one disturbs you while you are studying to avoid the distraction.
2- Eat well, It'll help you to keep your energy up. If you'll not eat enough food, you'll feel tired and won't be able to concentrate well on your studies.
3- After every 50-60 minutes take a break of 5-10 min to regain focus.
Share the post "5 Ways to Focus on Studying Without Getting Distracted"


DVB Broke 100 DVC per share woot!
The next person who puts devcoin on the Raspberry Pi will get the remaining 2 share award.
IP? Have you heard of DNS? What are we supposed to do with that IP number?
The whole point of DNS is so the number can be changed and everything still "just works".
If it changes often then dynamic DNS comes into play.
What is this so called "server" supposed to be, anyway?
Is good that you can see, otherwise you couldnt look through the thread.
This is the second time you offend me realy unmodest. When You are in the core team and think you have to contiune with this, i realy start to doubt that the Devcoin Team is something i should work with. Or you simply dont understand what it means to produce results and just do what you can to jeopardize this project?
There is a certain reason why i use a IP instead of a DNS.
I still do not understand the puroose.
If it is to serve as a receiver file repository it should have a DNS name, putting IP addresses into the files that people will be using for years to come to look up the historical repositories of receiver files is not a good idea.
Even putting a host that was on DNS turned out badly because the guy flew by night within I think less than even a single year.
If it is not intended to serve as one of the repositories the clients consult to reach a consensus as to who receives how many shares of which blocks, then I do not understand why we even need to know about it.
Markm I think icoin makes a good point that you should think about toning down the level of constructive criticism, its OK to question things but you've been a little harsh about it. I felt similar about the interactions we've had as well. I know you mean well but just asking that you take a little less stand off ish approach to it. DVC is still a fledgling community that is starting to see some positive activity but as icoin accurately points out if this is the reaction that new developments always get then it will discourage continued work and possible worse still slow more newcomers from adding even more into the ecosystem of DVC.
I still do not understand what we are intended to do with that IP address. Is it intended that it be recorded somewhere? Is it intended that it will have DNS mapped to it and it will be kept online 24/7 pretty mcuh "forever" as one of the places (of which an odd number are needed because a majority must always be able to be computed) that will be listed in the devcoin system's files as a go-to place to check for consensus about the contents of the receiver files? Is it going to also have downloads of the actual software?
I just do not understand what it is supposed to be.
I had to switch the IP, so i announced the new IP for the Backup Server, since the DNS trough solidelement.ch and the old IP became invalid.
It should be mapped by devcoin.org.
There is the valid domain not updated since allmost a year, its a raw drupal based cms, the cms could be actualized and get a bether template.
For example it can be then extended trough a devcoin modified http://drupal.org/project/uc_bitcoin or a DVC Wallet Function etc. There are various options possible and open for discussion.
Please keep in mind that according to me the Devcoin Team works with skilled people, with a adult, serious and responsible mind seting.
Doesnt look very adult, serious or responsible, to me.
I realy hope i was able express my constructive criticism in a way you understand.
The backup files are not used in the receiver tree, no devcoin clients look at them. Their only purpose is to demonstrate that someone can become a file administrator if an administrator leaves. If we asked for another file administrator, someone could promise to upload files quickly and reliably. However, some people who were enthusiastic about devcoin lost interest and the only way to know that someone will keep uploading files is for them to actually do it for a long time.
A file administrator gets 2/5 of a generation share. Since these backup files are not used, this task only gets 1/5 of a generation share. It's unlikely that current or future file administrators will suddenly drop out without a replacement being ready, but it could happen and this is cheap insurance.
Well I suppose if backups are hoped not to have to be used maybe an IP is okay but I do suggest we not put IP addresses in the real files.
Since DeVCoin addresses are identical to BiTCoin addresses, that Drupal module should be trivially easy to modify since all that should need to change is the port number to connect to and the name of the currency.
The port number possibly would already be configurable in whatever kind of admin config system it uses, so maybe the name of the currency should also be configurable then it should work for any altcoin that has the RPC calls that it uses.
Thanks for the symbol and logo.
One 2/5 of a share award remains.
I suggest a two generation share award for this.
Jedi95, Simplecoin or Vinced have stopped developing. Btc_artist is no longer mirroring devtome. So they've all been dropped until they start doing stuff again.
The word earnings were generated on 2012-11-08, and the total word counts follow below.
There has been speculation about the amount of devcoin available in CIRCULATION, I theorized 20% as the majority are held for projects and bounties and other items. Does anyone have an accurate number so I can answer these questions others keep asking. I think this may impact dvc price on the exchanges as people seem to think there are a couple billion floating around, when in reality I feel its closer to 50million in circulation?
A large number go towards the open source developers don't they? I suspect many receiving them don't even know, or have forgotten, they are getting them.


text:
Martin B-57 Canberra byl ve Spojených státech vyráběný dvoumotorový proudový lehký bombardovací a průzkumný letoun, který vstoupil do služby u amerického letectva (USAF) v roce 1953. B-57 byl původně verzí letounu English Electric Canberra vyráběnou v USA v licenci. Avšak společnost Glenn L. Martin Company letoun podstatně upravila a vyráběla i několik vlastních variant.

B-57 Canberra se stala významnou, tím že byla prvním proudovým bombardérem v amerických službách, který v boji shodil pumy. Značného nasazení se Canberra jako bombardér dočkala během války ve Vietnamu; vznikly i speciální verze tohoto typu, které sloužily jako průzkumné letouny z velkých výšek (Martin RB-57D Canberra) a jako letouny pro elektronický boj. B-57 Canberra byla také vyvážena do zahraničí a bojově byla nasazena pákistánským letectvem během indo-pákistánské války v roce 1965 a v roce 1971.

Americké letectvo Canberry vyřadilo v roce 1983 a tak skončila její éra taktického bombardéru. Poslední tři zbývající letouny na světě označené WB-57F létají v Johnsonově vesmírném středisku (NASA) v Houstonu, stát Texas jako vědecká letadla pro výzkum.

Vývoj a popis

Po vypuknutí války v Koreji v roce 1950 si americké letectvo (USAF) rychle uvědomilo naléhavou potřebu lehkého bombardovacího / bitevního letounu do každého počasí. Vynikající letouny Douglas A-26 Invader s pístovými motory mohly i přes své nesporné kvality provádět operace jen ve dne, za pěkného počasí a byl jich nedostatek. Navíc byl jejich pohon pístovými motory považován za zastaralý a z jejich ztrát v boji bylo vypočítáno, že pokud bude konflikt v Koreji trvat až do roku 1954, budou všechny zničeny v boji. V důsledku toho USAF vydalo 16. září 1950 požadavek na proudový bombardér s maximální rychlostí 630 mph (1 020 km/h), dostupem 40 000 stop (12 190 m) a doletem 1 150 mil (1 850 km). Letoun měl být schopen působit za jakéhokoliv počasí a měl být schopen působit i jako průzkumný letoun. Kvůli urychlení vývoje se uvažovalo pouze o projektu založeném na již existujícím letounu. Komise uvažovala o amerických letounech Martin XB-51, North American B-45 Tornado a North American AJ-1 Savage.

Mezi zahraničními uchazeči, o kterých bylo uvažováno, byly i letouny Avro Canada CF-100 Canuck a nový britský letoun English Electric Canberra, který v té době ještě oficiálně nevstoupil do služeb u Královského letectva (RAF), což byl neobvyklý tah. Komise však byla nadšena při jeho předvedení v létě 1950. Letouny AJ a B-45 byly rychle ze seznamu vyřazeny, protože byly zastaralé konstrukce a možnosti jejich dalšího rozvoje byly omezené. CF-100 byl přepadový stíhací letoun do každého počasí, ale byl příliš malý a postrádal požadovaný dolet. XB-51, ačkoliv byl nadějným a velmi rychlým letounem, měl omezené manévrovací schopnosti, malou pumovnici, omezený dolet a vytrvalost ve vzduchu.

21. února 1951 přiletěl letoun British Canberra B.2 (WD932) na leteckou základnu Andrews ve Spojených státech ke srovnávacím zkouškám. Stal se tak prvním proudovým letounem, který bez doplňování paliva přeletěl Atlantský oceán. 26. února byly provedeny srovnávací zkoušky s letounem XB-51. XB-51 sice vykazoval v některých ohledech lepší výsledky (rychlost), ale jeho zavedení bylo v nedohlednu. Proto převládl názor, že letoun Canberra by byl vhodným dočasným řešením, než bude XB-51 připraven vstoupit do služby. Britský letoun se tak stal vítězem soutěže. Letoun byl oficiálně vybrán americkým letectvem (USAF) 25. května 1951.

Jelikož ale výrobní linka společnosti English Electric pracovala na plný výkon, aby byly uspokojeny požadavky RAF, nebylo v silách společnosti uspokojit požadavek USAF na další letouny. Proto společnost Glenn L. Martin Company získala licenci ke stavbě letounů Canberra pod označením B-57 (Martin Model 272) ve Spojených státech. Jednalo se o první britský bojový letoun licenčně vyráběný ve Spojených státech. Projekt letounu XB-51 byl následně v tichosti zapomenut.

Pro urychlení výroby byly první B-57A na první pohled téměř identické s letouny Canberra B.2 včetně proskleného nosu letounu s výjimkou použití silnějších motorů Armstrong Siddeley Sapphire s tahem 32 kN místo motorů Rolls-Royce Avon. Tyto motory byly rovněž licenčně vyráběny ve Spojených státech pod označením Wright J65. Kromě toho byl mírně upraven kryt kokpitu pro lepší výhled, Pitotova trubice byla přemístěna z přední části nosu pod nos letounu, posádka byla zredukována ze třech na dva, byly přidány přídavné nádrže na konce křídel a byly upraveny motorové gondoly pro nové motory přidáním typických vstupů pro chlazení ve spodní části.

První sériový letoun poprvé vzlétl 20. července 1953 a byl přijet do služeb u amerického letectva 20. srpna 1953. Během výroby v letech 1953 až 1957 bylo postaveno celkem 403 letounů B-57.

Operační historie

B-57A nebyl považován americkým letectvem za letoun, který bude okamžitě schopný bojových akcí, a proto byl výhradně používán pro účely testování a dalšího vývoje. Proto jich bylo vyrobeno jen 8 kusů. Jeden letoun byl v roce 1957 předán NACA (předchůdce NASA), kde pod označením JB-57A byl používán k nejrůznějším pokusům. JB-57A byl nakonec vrácen společnosti Martin k dalším zkouškám. Další letoun byl předán Národnímu úřadu pro oceán a atmosféru (NOAA), kde byl osazen novým nosem letounu s radarem a sloužil v roli letounu pro sledování hurikánů.

Důvodem pro omezenou výrobu letounů B-57A bylo, že tyto výrazně britské letouny byly považovány za nevhodné služby v rámci USAF. Hlavním důvodem bylo neobvyklé uspořádání kabiny a chybějící kulomety, protože britské Canberry byly koncipovány jako bombardéry letící velkou rychlostí ve velké výšce a nikoliv jako letouny pro přímou leteckou podporu pozemních jednotek. Konečná "americká" verze B-57B měla nový dvoumístný kokpit tandemového uspořádání s vypouklým krytem kabiny, nový kryt nosu letounu, motory byly nyní startovány pomocí pyrotechnických patron, brzdící štíty byly přesunuty z křídel na boky trupu pro zvýšení jejich účinnosti, ovládací prvky byly zesíleny, pod každé křídlo byly přidány čtyři závěsníky pro externě nesené zbraně (v praxi ale byly používány jen 2 závěsy pod každým křídlem) a letoun dostal hlavňovou výzbroj, která sestávala z 8 kulometů 12,7 mm Browning v křídlech a později od 83. stroje ze 4 leteckých kanónů Colt M39 ráže 20 mm. Původně se předpokládalo, že kulomety v prvních strojích budou rovněž nahrazeny leteckými kanóny, ale ukázalo se, že by to znamenalo velké změny v konstrukci křídla, a tak bylo od tohoto záměru upuštěno. Konvenční dveře pumovnice byly nahrazeny otočnými dveřmi, které byly původně navrženy pro XB-51. První letoun B-57B vzlétnul 18. června 1954. Letoun zpočátku trpěl selháváním motorů jako letouny RB-57A a několik jich bylo i ztraceno při letech vysokou rychlostí v nízkých výškách, kdy selhání ovládání ocasních ploch způsobilo pád letounu přímo do země. Americké letectvo považovalo letouny B-57B za nevhodné pro noční akce, a proto Martin podrobil všechny letouny rozsáhlému programu vylepšení avioniky. Bez ohledu na to, že nejvážnější problémy byly odstraněny, začaly být od roku 1957 taktické letky vybavovány novými nadzvukovými letouny F-100 Super Sabre a letouny B-57 začaly od roku 1958 přecházet k Letecké národní gardě USA. Avšak díky zhoršující se situaci v jihovýchodní Asii letouny zažily své vzkříšení a opět se vrátily do operační služby v první linii.

Několik letounů B-57B bylo dáno k dispozici ke zvláštním účelům. Jeden z nich měl na nos letounu namontovanou přední část protiletadlové střely BOMARC SAM a byl využíván pro trénink, kdy představoval tuto střelu. Další byl v roce 1960 předán NASA k různým zkouškám až do roku 1980.

Další vyráběnou variantou byla verze B-57C. První let se uskutečnil 30. prosince 1954. Tyto letouny se prakticky nelišily od verze B, až na zdvojené řízení. Letouny verze C byly určeny pro výcvik posádek a obvykle sloužily u letek vybavených letouny B-57B. Letouny B-57C byly schopné bojové činnosti a bylo snadné je upravit na verzi B.

Dále bylo vyrobeno 68 letounů verze B-57E, která poprvé vzlétla 16. května 1956. Tato verze sloužila jako vlečný letoun pro cvičné cíle. Letoun mohl nést až čtyři navijáky s cvičnými jednorázovými cíli. Tyto letouny měly proti předchozí verzi několik malých změn. Na spodní straně letounu byl namontován pancíř pro ochranu letounu před poškozením od vlečného lana, kormidlo bylo ovládáno hydraulicky, letoun byl výrazně barevně značen, aby si útočící pilot nemohl splést cvičný cíl s vlečným letounem. Stejně jako letoun verze C mohl být letoun verze E lehce upraven do verze B. Jelikož však v té době byly do výzbroje ve velkém zaváděny teplem a radarem naváděné řízené střely, byla střelba na cvičné cíle považována za zbytečnou. Proto bylo 26 letounů této verze v 60. letech přestavěno na verzi pro trénink elektronického boje pod označením EB-57E, které převzaly roli letounů EB-57A. V roce 1963 bylo 6 letounů verze E přestavěno na fotoprůzkumnou verzi do každého počasí a do noci pod označením RB-57E.

B-57 pro průzkum a elektronický boj
Zatímco verze B-57A byla americkým letectvem shledána jako nedostatečná pro operační službu, fotoprůzkumná verze RB-57A zažila určité operační použití. Letoun byl velmi podobný verzi B-57A, dokonce si uchoval i pumovnici, do které byla umístěna sada kamer. První z 67 letounů této verze poprvé vzlétl v říjnu 1953. Většina letounů měla černý nátěr, i když některé sloužily i v barvě kovu. V červenci 1954 bylo těmito letouny vybaveno 363. taktické průzkumné křídlo na letecké základně Shaw v Jižní Karolíně. Letoun byl také nasazen u letek USAF v Západním Německu, Francii a Japonsku. Nicméně operační způsobilost nového letounu byla špatná a dodávky letounu měly velké zpoždění kvůli potížím s motory. Společnost Wright totiž pověřila výrobou motorů společnost Buick (její motory nesly označení J65-BW-5), což mělo za následek zpožďování dodávek a motory trpěly vadou, při které byl olej nasáván do vzduchového systému, díky čemuž se kokpit plnil kouřem. Problém byl vyřešen, když společnost Wright převzala zpět výrobou motorů v roce 1954 (motory nesly označení J65-W-5). Velkou nehodovost letounů RB-57A také částečně způsobovala špatná ovladatelnost při letu na jeden motor. To vedlo k tomu, že flotila letounů strávila na zemi většinu roku 1955. Do roku 1958 byly letouny RB-57A v činné službě nahrazeny letouny typu Douglas RB-66B a McDonnell RF-101A. Letouny začaly být od letectva vyřazovány od jara 1957 a do podzimu 1958 byly všechny převedeny k letecké národní gardě USA. Letecká národní garda Spojených států intenzivně používala letouny RB-57A při fotografickém snímkování Spojených států až do roku 1971. Krátce poté byly vyřazeny ze služby.

V roce 1955 bylo 10 letounů RB-57A upraveno pro průzkum ve velkých výškách za denního světla. Tyto letouny, označované RB-57A-1 byly jednomístné, zbavené veškeré přebytečné zátěže a vybavené motory J65-W-7. Tyto letouny byly používány v rámci 7499. podpůrné skupiny ve Wiesbadenu při provádění přísně tajných průzkumných misí "Heart Throb" nad východní Evropou v 50. letech 20. století.

Dva letouny RB-57A-1 byly používány letectvem Čínské republiky (Tchaj-wan) pro průzkumné mise nad územím Čínské lidové republiky. Jeden z nich byl 18. února 1958 sestřelen čínským letounem MiG-17, pilot zahynul. V roce 1959 byly na Tchaj-wan dodány dva letouny RB-57D jako náhrada za letouny verze A. Jeden z nich byl sestřelen nad Čínou řízenou protiletadlovou střelou SA-2, což bylo jedno z prvních úspěšných nasazení protiletadlových střel v historii. Dva další letouny RB-57A byly používány americkým úřadem Federal Aviation Administration k plánování leteckých koridorů ve velkých výškách pro přicházející generaci proudových osobních dopravních letadel.

Od roku 1959 společnost Martin zahájila úpravy letounů RB-57A vybavením pro elektronický boj (ECM). Elektronické rušičky byly umístěny v pumovnici. Tyto letouny byly označeny EB-57A a sloužily v roli agresorů při výcviku jednotek vlastní protiletecké obrany a při tréninku elektronického boje. Následné bombardovací varianty byly pro tuto úlohu rovněž upravovány. Tyto letouny sloužily hlavně v rámci Velitelství protivzdušné obrany v roli "přátelských nepřátel" pro výcvik letek přepadových stíhačů, protivzdušné obrany a radarů včasného varování ve vlastních Spojených státech, ale i na Aljašce, Havaji a Portoriku. Ačkoliv se původně uvažovalo, že letouny EB-57 budou sloužit u aktivních záloh USAF, letouny sloužily u vybraných jednotek Letecké národní gardy Spojených států amerických.

Americké letectvo rovněž projevilo zájem o verzi letounu pro průzkum z velkých výšek. Tak byla v roce 1953 objednána verze původně značená B-57D, ale do služby vstoupila jako RB-57D. Charakteristickým znakem těchto letounů bylo podstatné zvětšení rozpětí křídel na 32,31 m a motory Pratt & Whitney J57-P-27 (46,7 kN). Palivové nádrže byly umístěny jen v křídlech, změny byly i ovládání letounu kvůli jeho dlouhým křídlům. První let se uskutečnil 3. listopadu 1955 a bylo vyrobeno 20 strojů. Byl to poslední nově vyrobené letouny B-57. Strategické vzdušné velitelství je používalo od roku 1956 do roku 1964 kdy byly letouny odstaveny z provozu kvůli problémům s pevností křídel. Letouny nebyly totožné, lišily se instalovaným vybavením a přístroji. O jejich službě se ví jen málo. Opotřebené letouny byly vyřazeny s příchodem letounů U-2 a SR-71. V roce 1966 bylo 9 letounů RB-57D vráceno ke společnosti Martin k přestavbě. Letouny byly vybaveny elektronickými rušičkami a dostaly označení EB-57D, přičemž sloužily až do roku 1970.

Letectvo se však nevzdalo myšlenky na letoun B-57 provádějící průzkum ve velké výšce. Proto v roce 1962 uzavřelo se společností General Dynamics kontrakt na úpravu letounů B-57 pro tyto účely. Výsledkem byl letoun RB-57F, který dostal křídla o rozpětí 37,31 m, což bylo téměř dvakrát více než u původního stroje. Letoun dostal i nové dvouproudové motory Pratt & Whitney TF33-P-11A (73,4 kN). Letouny mohly nést i přídavné motory Pratt & Whitney J60-P-9 (12,9 kN) pro dosažení větší výšky. Letoun mohl dosáhnout výšky 19 800 m (65 000 stop). Některé z těchto letounů byly používány na výzkum počasí, přičemž obdržely nové označení WB-57F. Letouny RB-57F prováděly tajné mise nad východní Evropou. Jeden z nich byl 14. prosince 1965 ztracen nad Černým mořem za nevyjasněných okolností. Nejpravděpodobněji došlo k selhání kyslíkového systému, protože letoun pomalu klesal k zemi, jako by jej nikdo neovládal. Dva letouny byly umístěny v roce 1965 v Pákistánu, aby sledovaly čínské jaderné zkoušky.

Válka ve Vietnamu

Přestože byl letoun plánován jako bombardér a ještě nikdy nebyl americkým letectvem nasazen v bojové zóně, první B-57 umístěné v Jižním Vietnamu nepůsobily v ofenzivní úloze. Potřeba dalších průzkumných prostředků, obzvláště s možností působit v noci, vedla k umístění dvou letounů RB-57E do oblasti 15. dubna 1963. V rámci operace "Particia Lynn" prováděly tyto letouny infračervené snímkování s použitím kamer Reconofax VI. Později v srpnu 1965 byl jeden letoun RB-57F umístěn na thajskou leteckou základnu Udon, aby se pokusil zjišťovat informace o severovietnamských stanovištích protiletadlových střel SAM, a to nejprve v rámci operace "Greek God" a následně v rámci operace "Mad King". V prosinci byl do oblasti se stejným posláním umístěn další letoun RB-57F v rámci operace "Sky Wave". Ani jedna z těchto operací nepřinesla užitečné výsledky, a proto byly odvolány v říjnu 1965 a únoru 1966.

Nasazení prvních bojeschopných letounů B-57B od 8. a 13. bombardovací letky v Bien Hoa v srpnu 1964 doprovázela ztráta třech letounů při kolizi při jejich příletu. Nejprve dva z nich se srazily při přistání (jeden z nich musel být odepsán), a tak zablokovaly přistávací dráhu a další byl ztracen při přiblížení k základně, přičemž posádka zahynula. Zajištění bezpečnosti na základně bylo slabé, a proto dalších 5 letounů bylo zničeno a dalších 15 bylo poškozeno při minometném útoku Vietkongu 1. listopadu téhož roku. Při tomto útoku byly zničeny i 4 letouny A-1 Skyraider jihovietnamského letectva, byli zabiti 4 Američané a 72 bylo zraněno. Letouny podnikaly lety v nízkých výškách – oficiálně se jednalo o cvičné lety – s marnou nadějí, že budou mít psychologický efekt na nepřítele. Výsledkem bylo, že první bojovou misi letouny vykonaly až 19. února 1965, kdy bombardovaly pozice Vietkongu u Saigonu. První let do Severního Vietnamu letouny vykonaly 2. března 1965 v rámci operace Rolling Thunder. Letouny typicky nesly 9 bomb o hmotnosti 500 liber (227 kg) v pumovnici a 4 bomby o hmotnosti 750 liber (340 kg) pod křídly na závěsech. Často ale nesly i výzbroj v podobě neřízených raket, napalmu a kazetových bomb. V dubnu začaly letouny podnikat noční útočné mise na Ho Či Minovu stezku s podporou letounů Fairchild C-123 Provider nebo Lockheed C-130 Hercules (světlice) a EF-10B Skyknight (elektronický boj). Letouny zpočátku působily v barvě kovu, ale brzy byly opatřeny kamufláží – horní plochy v barvě džungle a spodní černé.

16. května 1965 explodoval plně vyzbrojený B-57B na ranveji v Bien Hoa. Následnou řetězovou reakcí bylo zničeno 10 dalších letounů Camberra, 11 letounů Douglas A-1 Skyraider a jeden letoun Vought F-8 Crusader. Zemřelo 28 Vietnamců a Američanů a 105 dalších bylo zraněno. Kvůli ztrátám byly letouny B-57 v říjnu 1966 přemístěny do Phan Rang, kde podporovaly akce v tzv. "Železném trojúhelníku" společně s australskými letouny Canberra B.20, přestaly tudíž létat nad Severní Vietnam. Ztráty byly rovněž doplňovány letouny B-57E, které byly upraveny do konfigurace B-57B. Letouny také pokračovaly v nočních útocích proti Ho Či Minově stezce. Letouny B-57B sloužily v tvrdé bojové službě celých 5 let, než byly v roce 1969 velmi opotřebené vyřazeny. Celkem 94 letounů B-57B bylo umístěno v Jihovýchodní Asii, z nich bylo 51 ztraceno v boji (15 na zemi) a 7 dalších bylo ztraceno z jiných důvodů. Z původních letounů, které do Vietnamu přiletěly v roce 1964, sloužil v roce 1969 již jen jediný.

Nebyl to však konec letounů B-57 ve Vietnamu. V oblasti nadále sloužily letouny RB-57E v rámci průzkumného programu "Patricia Lynn". Tyto letouny byly průběžně modernizovány a sloužily až do roku 1971. Další letouny B-57 se vrátily do Jihovýchodní Asie ve verzi B-57G, což byly letouny B-57B přestavěné v rámci programu Tropic Moon III, když byly na podzim roku 1970 umístěny v Thajsku. Tato letadla (celkem 11, další 4 byly používána pro výcvik a jedno bylo ztraceno v průběhu zkoušek) byla určena pro noční údery podél Ho Či Minovy stezky, a proto byla vybavena celou řadou senzorů a dalším vybavením. Letouny byly schopny shazovat i laserem naváděnou munici. Relativně menší počet zásahů během jednoho letu v rámci operace Commando Hunt V v porovnání s letouny Lockheed AC-130A/E ukázal, že letoun není příliš vhodný pro ničení nákladních vozidel. Proto byl učiněn pokus na zkombinování obou letounů. Jeden letoun B-57G byl upraven tak, že byla do pumovnice instalována věžička Emerson TAT-161 v jedním 20mm kanónem M61 Vulcan v rámci projektu Pave Gat. Po testování na letecké základně Eglin na Floridě, které nabralo jisté zpoždění, bylo konstatováno, "že B-57G může zasáhnout pevné i pohyblivé cíle 20mm kanónem, ve dne i v noci. Vybavený 4 000 dávkami munice může letoun Pave Gat B-57G zasáhnout až 20 cílů, což je třikrát víc než bombami naložený B-57G. Letoun Pave Gat by se mohl vyhnout protiletadlové palbě střelbou z boční pozice, zatímco letoun nesoucí bomby musí přeletět přímo nad cílem." I když bylo možné nasazení v Jihovýchodní Asii, v srpnu 1971 bylo rozhodnuto o stažení letounů B-57G zpět do Spojených států na začátku roku 1972. Projekt Pave Gat byl zrušen 21. prosince 1971. Letouny B-57G byly staženy z Thajska v květnu 1972. Existovaly plány na pokračování projektu B-57G, ale škrty ve výdajích po skončení konfliktu donutily letectvo tyto plány opustit.

Na krátkou dobu sloužily 4 letouny B-57B s jihovietnamskými posádkami. Jihovietnamské letectvo tyto letouny nikdy oficiálně nepřevzalo, protože s letouny mělo několik nehod a dalších problémů. Pilotování těchto letounů bylo zřejmě nad fyzické schopnosti jihovietnamských pilotů, a proto byl program v dubnu 1966 zrušen. Letouny se poté vrátily ke svým původním jednotkám.

Služba po válce ve Vietnamu
Se skončením války ve Vietnamu byly zbývající stroje B-57G předány letecké národní gardě USA státu Kansas. Vyřazeny byly v roce 1974, a tak skončila jejich bojová role v rámci letectva Spojených států. Stroje EB-57E sloužily až do roku 1982. Letouny WB-57F pro meteorologickou službu USAF sloužily až do roku 1974. Avšak NASA, která měla již dříve zapůjčeny letouny RB-57F pro různé testy, pokračovala i nadále v používání typu WB-57F. První letoun získala NASA v roce 1972 a druhý v roce 1974. První byl vyřazen v roce 1982, ale druhý zůstal v provozu a navíc byl v roce 1998 získán třetí. Ten původně létal pro americký úřad National Center for Atmospheric Research.

Pákistán

Pákistánské letectvo byl jediným opravdovým zahraničním uživatelem letounů B-57 (24 letounů B-57B a 2 letouny B-57C) a tyto letouny použilo ve dvou válkách s Indií. Tyto letouny se dostaly do Pákistánu v roce 1959. Od roku 1963 byly pákistánské letouny vybavovány bombardovacím systémem do každého počasí RB-1A "Georgia Peach",což vedlo k prodloužení nosu letounu, a některé letouny mohly nést až 4 přídavné nádrže k pronikání ke vzdáleným cílům v indickém vnitrozemí.

Ve druhé válce v Kašmíru v roce 1965 provedly letouny B-57 167 bojových letů, při kterých svrhly více než 600 tun bomb. Tři letouny B-57 byly ztraceny v akci spolu s jedním letounem RB-57F pro elektronické zpravodajství. Avšak pouze jeden z těch třech letounů byl ztracen díky nepřátelským akcím. Během války napadaly bombardéry pákistánského letectva letiště v severní Indii. Bombardéry B-57 útočily na cíle v 15minutových intervalech, což způsobilo, jak Pákistánci věřili, zásadní narušení aktivit indického letectva.

Během indicko-pákistánské války v roce 1971 Pákistán opět použil letouny B-57. První noc války bylo napadeno 12 letišť indického letectva, na které bylo svrženo 183 bomb. V dalším průběhu války pákistánské stroje B-57 vykonaly mnoho nočních misí. Ztráty však byly větší než v roce 1965. Do konce války jich bylo vyřazeno nejméně 5. Zbývající pákistánské letouny byly vyřazeny z provozu v roce 1985.

Vystavené letouny
Více než 20 letounů bylo zachováno jako vystavené exponáty po celém území Spojených států amerických. Jejich seznam je uveden na stránce tohoto letounu na anglické Wikipedii.

Varianty

B-57A
První výrobní verze. Postaveno 8 strojů.
RB-57A
Verze pro fotografický průzkum s kamerami instalovanými v pumovnici. Postaveno 67 letounů.
 EB-57A
Letouny působící v rolích elektronických agresorů. Upraveno 24 letounů z RB-57A.
B-57B
Konečná výrobní verze s tandemovým kokpitem, 8× 12,7mm kulomety nebo 4× 20mm kanóny a 4 vnějšími závěsy pod křídly. Postaveno 202 strojů. Dalších 12 strojů bylo do této verze upraveno.
B-57C
Cvičná verze se zdvojeným řízením. První vzlet 30. prosince 1954. Postaveno 38 letounů.
RB-57D
Verze pro průzkum ve velkých výškách. Letouny používaly motory J57-P-9 a rozpětí křídel bylo zvětšeno na 32 m. První let: 2. listopadu 1955. Postaveno 20 letounů.
 WB-57D
Verze RB-57D pro meteorologický průzkum používaná při zkouškách jaderných zbraní v atmosféře. Upraveny 3 letouny.
 EB-57D
Letouny pro elektronický boj (ECM). Upraveno 9 letounů z RB-57D.
B-57E
Letouny pro vlečení cvičných cílů. První vzlet 16. května 1956. Postaveno 68 strojů.
 EB-57E
Letouny působící v rolích elektronických agresorů. Upraveno 26 letounů z RB-57E.
 RB-57E
Verze B-57E modifikovaná pro průzkum za každého počasí. Letouny byly používány v rámci misí "Partricia Lynn" během války ve Vietnamu. Upraveno 6 letounů.
RB-57F
Verze pro průzkum ve velkých výškách vyvinutá společností General Dynamics. Letouny byly osazeny dvouproudovými motory Pratt & Whitney TF33, rozpětí křídel bylo zvětšeno na 37,5 m. První vlet: 23. června 1963. Upraveno 21 strojů (3× RB-57A, 4× RB-57D a zbytek B-57B).
WB-57F
Verze RB-57F pro průzkum počasí.
Dva letouny WB-57F byly předány NASA a jsou posledními letouny tohoto typu v činné službě na světě. Letouny jsou používány pro meteorologický průzkum a pro monitorování startu a přistání raketoplánů.
B-57G
Letouny B-57B upravené pro noční údery. Letouny nesly infračervenou věžičku (FLIR), LLTV (Low Light TV) a laserový značkovač v nose letounu. Letouny mohly nést laserem naváděné bomby. Upraveno 16 letounů.

Uživatelé

 Pákistánské letectvo

 Letectvo Čínské republiky

 USA
 United States Air Force
 NASA
 National Center for Atmospheric Research
 Národní úřad pro oceán a atmosféru

Specifikace (B-57B)
Technické údaje pocházejí z "Quest for Performance".

Technické údaje
 Posádka: 2
 Rozpětí: 19,5 m
 Délka: 19,96 m
 Výška: 4,52 m
 Nosná plocha: 89,23 m²
 Plošné zatížení: 205 kg/m²
 Prázdná hmotnost: 12 285 kg
 Max. vzletová hmotnost : 24 365 kg
 Pohonná jednotka: 2× proudový motor Wright J65-W-5
 Tah pohonné jednotky: 32,1 kN

Výkony
 Cestovní rychlost: 765 km/h (476 mph, 414 uzlů) ve výšce ? m
 Maximální rychlost: 960 km/h (Mach 0,79, 598 mph) ve výšce 760 m
 Dolet: 1 530 km (825 námořních mil) s 2 380 kg bomb
 Maximální přeletová vzdálenost: 4 380 km (2 360 námořních mil)
 Dostup: 13 745 m (45 100 stop)
 Stoupavost: 31,4 m/s (1 884 m/min)

Výzbroj
 4× letecký kanón M39 ráže 20 mm, 290 nábojů na zbraň
 2 000 kg bomb v pumovnici, včetně jaderné výzbroje
 1 300 kg výzbroje na 4 externích závěsech, včetně neřízených raket

Odkazy

Reference

Literatura
 Anderton, David A. BofAeE, AFAIA. "Martin B-57 Night Intruders & General Dynamics RB-57F". Aircraft in Profile, Volume 14. Windsor, Berkshire, UK: Profile Publications Ltd., 1974, pp. 1–25. .
 Drendel, Lou. Air War over Southeast Asia, Vol 1, 1962–1966. Carrolton, Texas: Squadron/Signal Publications, Inc, 1982. .
 Hobson, Chris. Vietnam Air Losses, USAF/Navy/Marine, Fixed Wing Aircraft Losses in Southeast 1961–1973. North Branch, Minnesota: Specialty Press, 2001. .
 Jones, Barry. "A Nice Little Earner". Aeroplane, Volume 34, Number 10, October 2006.
 Knaack, Marcelle Size. Encyclopedia of U.S. Air Force Aircraft and Missile Systems: Volume II: Post-World War II Bombers, 1945–1973. Washington, D.C.: Office of Air Force History, 1988. .
 Mesko, Jim. VNAF, South Vietnamese Air Force 1945–1975. Carrolton, Texas: Squadron/Signal Publications, Inc, 1987. .
 Mikesh, Robert. "Buy British, Fly American." Wings, October 1977.
 Mikesh, Robert C. "Martin B-57 Canberra. The Complete Record". Atglen, Pennsylvania: Schiffer Publishing Ltd., 1995. .
 Pfau, Richard A. and William H. Greenhalgh, Jr. FM B-57G – Tropic Moon III 1967–1972. Washington, D.C.: Office of Air Force History, Headquarters United States Air Force, 1978.
 Smith, Mark E. USAF Reconnaissance in South East Asia (1961–66). San Francisco, California: Headquarters, Pacific Air Force, Department of the Air Force, 1966.

Související články
Související vývoj
 English Electric Canberra

Podobná letadla
 Avro Canada CF-100 Canuck
 Iljušin Il-28
 Martin XB-51
 North American AJ Savage
 North American B-45 Tornado

Externí odkazy

 NASA / JSC High Altitude Research Program  (anglicky)
 Dokumentární film o B-57 na Youtube.com: 1. část, 2. část a 3. část.
 Článek o letounu B-57 na vectorsite.net (anglicky)

B-57 Canberra
Americké bombardéry

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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You are here: Home / News / ESPN Films' 30 for 30 Series Continues with Sugar Ray Leonard and Roberto Duran Documentary, No Más
ESPN Films' 30 for 30 Series Continues with Sugar Ray Leonard and Roberto Duran Documentary, No Más
October 2, 2013 By NB News
ESPN Films' Peabody award-winning 30 for 30 film series continues with No Más, which will premiere on Tuesday, October 15, at 8 p.m. ET on ESPN (following a special premiere on ESPN Deportes on Saturday, Oct. 12, at 9 p.m.) The film, directed by Eric Drath (Renee), chronicles the rivalry of boxing legends Sugar Ray Leonard and Roberto Duran.
In the midst of boxing's contemporary golden age - the 1980's - stood two fighters who established a captivating rivalry. Their pair of bouts within a span of just over 5 months in 1980 had all the trappings of instant classics. Sugar Ray Leonard, an American hero, who had become a household name after a Gold Medal-winning performance at the 1976 Summer Olympics that led to numerous corporate sponsorships, versus the lightweight champion Roberto Duran of Panama, the toughest - some said meanest - fighter of all time. It was not just the drama and action of these fights that would endure, but those two words uttered in the second of their clashes, which would create a sense of mystery, bewilderment and intrigue to the present day. Through Leonard's journey to Panama to see his old rival in search of closure, No Más looks for answers to Duran's stunning decision to quit in the middle of a championship fight.
Remaining films in the fall slate will air as follows:
Tuesday, Oct. 15, 8 p.m. – No Más (Director: Eric Drath)
Tuesday, Oct. 22, 8 p.m. – Big Shot (Director: Kevin Connolly)
Tuesday, Oct. 29, 8 p.m. – This is What They Want (Directors: Brian Koppelman and David Levien)
Tuesday, Nov. 5, 8 p.m. – Bernie and Ernie (Director: Jason Hehir)
Each 30 for 30 film will be available on iTunes and Amazon Instant Video the day after its broadcast premiere. A six-disc collectible DVD Gift Set, featuring the first fifteen films from 30 for 30 Volume II, will be available at major retailers in-store and online on November 26, 2013.
30 for 30-related updates are available at www.facebook.com/espn30for30 and www.twitter.com/30for30.
About ESPN Films
Created in March 2008, ESPN Films produces high-quality films showcasing some of the most compelling stories in sports. In October 2009, ESPN Films launched the Peabody Award-winning, Producer's Guild Award-winning and Emmy-nominated 30 for 30 film series. Inspired by ESPN's 30th Anniversary, the films that made up the series were a thoughtful and innovative reflection on the past three decades told through the lens of diverse and interesting sports fans and social commentators. The strong reaction from both critics and fans led to the launch of 30 for 30 Volume II, which is currently underway. Additional projects from ESPN Films include the critically acclaimed Nine for IX series, SEC Storied and the webby award winning 30 for 30 Shorts.
They had Canelo Alvarez fighting Glass Joe from Mike Tyson's Punch-Out


Hello readers of the blog! It's been a while since my last post and I'm back with a wordy entry. It's about why I love walking and that if you love walking as a form of exercise, you may relate. It is not a post to convince anyone who dislike the activity at all because why do anything in resistance to your natural inclination?
When people ask me why do I go for my evening walks, I'm always tempted to say something elaborate and smart but somehow the wiring from my brains to my mouth works at a slower pace than when it's to my hands. I write and type faster than I speak. Sometimes, speaking gets in the way of a better method which is the non-verbal natural expressions.
Anyhow, how do I even begin to describe how lovely it is to go for my regular evening walks? It's not about the walk, you see. Lately, I go there to exercise my nose. Engage the other senses besides mechanical walking. I go to the garden to appreciate these other built-in senses, which are somehow drowned out by constant use of brain muscles in the case of writing and thinking.
I go there to rest my intellect. Put away the mental grind. In the garden, off I go, where no words need to form themselves for me to simply exist. In the garden where the walking happens, I let nature do the talking and this occurs wordlessly by sounds, colors, textures, forms moving in and out of my witnessing. I go there to be in touch with something that only asks for me to be open, relaxed and receptive.
Lately, I go to walk for my nose. Can you believe it? Well, it's true.
In the garden just this evening, I was in a state of sniffing around like a dog but in all appearances, I was just walking. I didn't have to contort my nose this way or that to have it perform what it did naturally. I smelled something green and bitter and then realized, I had no words to describe the aroma. It's a combination of freshly-cut grass, drizzled-upon damp earth with something extra. In the midst of mentally-grasping for a word to label the scent, I let go. The scent still permeated the air around and in my nostrils and that was enough.
It was really beautiful to have a communication with nature this way - have it gently come to my perception and take a notice. It tells so much in no words. And yes, while everything was happening, I was walking. My limbs moved. My heart and lungs did their thang. I didn't have to be bothered about their movements for them to function. I go to walk to deepen my gratitude, to open up my heart and sense first before naming things. I go back to the rudimentary aspects of how life is constantly touching us with love every single day.
In nature, it's not hard to do.
In our world where some of us may feel uninspired or overwhelmed for whatever reasons, I highly recommend being out in your local garden or forest reserve. Allow yourselves to step away from the concrete and give your spirits a treat. Out in the green. While out there, sense the world with every bit of your being. It still is the best interactive game in town, by far.
What do you think of walking as exercise? What exactly are you doing while walking?
Do you like walking in nature or do you prefer walking on the treadmill? What have you come to learn about when you're doing your favorite physical activity? Share below, be candid and free - I love reading your thoughts!


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Did you realize that your pets can have allergies, too? BLVD Vet's Dr. Geisler helps break down what you should know about canine allergies!
Dr. Williams goes over the benefits of spaying or neutering your pets.


eBook (Watermarked) $ CCIE Security v Quick Reference, 2nd Edition; By Lancy Lobo, Umesh Lakshman. Published Mar 9, by Cisco Press. 24 Oct What are your top 3 books for the written exam? CCIE Security v Configuration Practice Labs (eBook), 2nd Edition (Bhaiji, 3rd Edition (Frahim, Santos); CCIE Security v4 Quick Reference Sheets (Lobo, Lakshman). CCIE Security v Quick Reference, 3rd Edition; By Lancy Lobo, Umesh Lakshman; eBook (Watermarked) $ CCIE Security v Quick Reference, 2nd.
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Microsite or Custom Website
Digital graphic novel brings an infrastructure story to life
Ferrovial told the dramatic story behind the restoration of an aqueduct.
Winner: Ferrovial Corporación S.A with Ferrovial
Infrastructure company Ferrovial worked with a number of NGOs to restore an aqueduct in Colombia, a project that normally might merit only a press release. The story behind the project, however, was as dramatic as they get. To tell the story, the company opted to work with Colombian comic artists to create a graphic novel, an innovation that has earned Ferrovial first place in the "Microsite or Custom Website" category of Ragan's 2019 Digital & Social Media Awards.
In one of the worst massacres in the violent history of the country, 66 people in the town of El Salado were murdered. The surviving residents fled to places like Bogota, Cartagena and Sincelejo. Two years later, 200 families made the decision to return and reclaim their land and their lives. Ferrovial and local NGOs not only rebuilt the aqueduct but created an organizational structure for upkeep and development.
The graphic novel—digitized brilliantly on the microsite—begins with the mythology of the Zenú, the first inhabitants of the region, and their spiritual connection to water. As for the stories of the members of the displaced community's return to its land, the artists took inspiration from the works of masters like Colombia's own Gabriel García Marquez.
The website was designed to combine the comic's story with real-life testimonials, offering both the fictionalized version of the comic with realistic, human stories about the events that occurred in El Salado. The site is infused with interactive elements on every page that include ambient noise from an El Salado street to an interactive map of the area, along with video interviews and photos of the people who inspired the story.
The site has been shared across social media channels, attracting more than 600,000 views, 5,000 reactions and 13,700 YouTube views.
Congratulations to the team that included Astrit Fernández, Jose García Guaita , Arantxa Gulias, Javier García Mellado, Hermanos Jiménez, Alvaro Fernández, Kike Valdenebro and Javier Domingo.
View More Digital PR Social Media Awards 2019 Winners.
Visit Ragan.com/Awards to learn more about awards opportunities.


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Oldest WWII Vet Who Died At 112 Years Lived That Long Because Of One Important Secret
By Sarah Mae Saliong Jan 07, 2022 05:25 PM EST
(Photo : The National WWII Museum / Instagram) WWII veteran Lawrence Brooks
Relatives of the oldest-known World War II soldier in the United States, who died recently at the age of 112, have disclosed the secret to his long life.
Lawrence Brooks, according to Faithwire, was a much-loved veteran whose life was cherished and honored by friends and family.
Rev. Morris Thompson Jr., bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Louisiana, wrote to church members: "When asked about the secret of living a long life, he would say: 'Serve God and be nice to people,'"
Brooks was a resident of New Orleans' Central City area at the time of his death. According to his daughter and caregiver, Vanessa Brooks, he died in his own bed at home, as he had desired, according to Military Times.
Residents gathered for a drive-by celebration organized by the National World War II Museum in September 2021 at Brooks' house in Central City, according to Nola. Brooks will have celebrated his 112th birthday in September 2021 at his home in Central City.
Brooks lived in the Central City neighborhood of New Orleans. He died in his own bed at home as per his wishes, his daughter and caregiver, Vanessa Brooks, told Military Times.
To commemorate Brooks' 112th birthday, the National World War II Museum organized a drive-by celebration in Central City in September 2021, Nola reported.
A traditional yearly celebration for Brooks is hosted by the museum; however, as a result of the coronavirus outbreak, the party has been delivered to Brooks' front door for the last two years.
At his most recent birthday celebration, however, guests were treated to a performance by the museum's singing trio, The Victory Belles, as well as a Jeep parade and additional entertainment provided by a variety of local artists.
Facts about him
For his service in World War II and his longevity, the World War II veteran has been regularly mentioned in the media. More than 10,000 birthday cards have been sent to Brooks throughout the years, according to The Army Times.
Throughout his long and remarkable life, Brooks was reportedly acutely conscious of its singularity. It was reported that in 2019, when asked about how many birthdays he had remaining, he joked that the Lord must have given him a "many birthdays left.
"I'm not worried about it, because God has let me live this long already," he reportedly said.
Despite the fact that Brooks fought at a period when troops were divided by race, he remembered his wartime experiences with fondness. However, as highlighted by the Army Times, he didn't appear to have any resentment against his prior hardships and indicated that he was treated properly by his superiors.
"I don't have no hard feelings toward nobody. I just want everything to be lovely, to come out right," he reportedly said in 2014. "I want people to have fun and enjoy themselves - be happy and not sad."
Born in 1909, Brooks was one of 15 children born to sharecroppers. His military service began in 1940, when he was recruited into the army and served for a year before returning to the Army after the Japanese assault on Pearl Harbor.
Despite the fact that he did not participate in action with his unit, he spent time in Australia, New Guinea, and the Philippines, where he performed a variety of tasks, including those of chef and valet.
Christian MP Says It's A 'Privilege' To Be Prosecuted For Tweeting Biblical Beliefs On Marriage, Sexuality
Texas Synagogue Hostage: 'Prayers Answered' As Captives Are Freed


If you're stuck in Tiger Woods PGA Tour, ask your fellow GameFAQs members for help.
In the PSP version of Tiger Woods PGA Tour, you can take on Tiger Woods and other golfing greats past and present. Create your own golfer, develop your skills, and step onto the green to challenge the masters on some of the world's top courses. You can even raise the stakes by playing over Wi-Fi and showing your friends who will take home the prize. In addition to multiplayer, the game includes brand-new game modes that take advantage of the PSP's hardware capabilities.
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An early publicity photo of James Dean taken in 1953 when he was around 22. I say it was an early publicity photo, but it was only taken 2 years before his death which just brings into perspective how tragically short his career and life were.
Another great short read on one of my favorite actors! Thanks again.


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Police: Man fatally stabbed in Christmas Day argument
Updated: 11:19 AM EST Dec 27, 2016
Saliqa A. Khan
Bank Street stabbing
Police believe a man was stabbed to death on Christmas Day after an argument. The victim was stabbed in the back in the 2000 block of Bank Street. He later died at the hospital. Police identified the victim Tuesday as 60-year-old Carl Stepek. Police ask anyone with information to call 410-396-2100 or Metro Crime Stoppers at 866-&LOCKUP.
Police believe a man was stabbed to death on Christmas Day after an argument.
The victim was stabbed in the back in the 2000 block of Bank Street.
He later died at the hospital. Police identified the victim Tuesday as 60-year-old Carl Stepek.
Police ask anyone with information to call 410-396-2100 or Metro Crime Stoppers at 866-&LOCKUP.


The ABC Television Network will air "The Sound of Music," the Rodgers & Hammerstein cinematic treasure, on SUNDAY, DECEMBER 21 (7:00-11:00 p.m., ET/PT). Celebrate the Oscar winning classic and sing-a-long to popular favorites "Edelweiss," "My Favorite Things," "Climb Every Mountain," "Do-Re-Mi," Sixteen Going on Seventeen," "The Lonely Goatherd," and "The Sound of Music."
Based on the real-life von Trapp family who fled their home to escape the Nazi's in 1938, Maria is a young woman who has left the Austrian convent to work for Navy captain Georg Von Trapp. As governess to his seven unruly children, Maria soon finds herself falling for their father.
"The Sound of Music" stars Julie Andrews as Maria von Trapp, Christopher Plummer as Captain George von Trapp, Eleanor Parker as Baroness Elsa von Schraeder, Richard Haydn as Max Detweiler, Charmian Carr as Liesl von Trapp, Nicholas Hammond as Friedrich von Trapp, Heather Menzies as Louisa von Trapp, Duane Chase as Kurt von Trapp, Angela Cartwright as Brigitta von Trapp, Debbie Turner as Marta von Trapp, Kym Karath as Gretl von Trapp, Peggy Wood as Mother Abbess, Anna Lee as Sister Margaretta, Portia Nelson as Sister Berthe, Marni Nixon as Sister Sophia, Daniel Truhitte as Rolfe, and Ben Wright as Herr Zeller.
"The Sound of Music" was directed and produced by Robert Wise, with screenplay by Ernest Lehman, from the stage musical with music and lyrics by Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein II, and book by Howard LINDSAY and Russel Crouse.
"The Sound of Music" is broadcast in 720 Progressive (720P), ABC's selected HDTV format, with 5.1 channel surround sound. This program carries a TV-PG parental guideline.


Every now and then the pleasure of drinking a wine takes me completely by surprise. I open the bottle, knowing the wine is good, but then, there is some unexpected magic that takes hold. That happened last night with Ciro Biondi "Outis" Etna Bianco DOC 2013.
Italian friends had arrived and commandeered the kitchen to make Risotto Milanese (Saffron Risotto). Since Los Angeles is in the midst of a bizarre February heat wave with summer temperatures, I opened a light white to sip as we made dinner. The risotto called for something more.
As Ciro explains in this video, however, the defining characteristic of the wine is less the grape variety and more the volcanic terroir. The Biondi vines grow on steep terraces that are 650-700 meters (2,100-2,300 feet) up the mountain. The soil, the altitude and the sea breezes give the wine remarkable minerality, making the wine wonderfully crisp rather than acidic. It was light in alcohol (12.5%) but tasted full, an ideal pairing for the buttery risotto.


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Alcohol And Coronary Heart Disease A Meta Analysis
Written by:adminPosted on: April 21, 2019
Objective To assess the dose-response relationship between alcohol consumption and risk of stroke, coronary heart disease (CHD) morbidity, mortality and all-cause mortality among Eastern Asian men. Methods Potential prospective cohort studies were retrieved by searching Pubmed (1966–2000), OVID (1980–2009), Embase (1980–2009) and ISI Web of knowledge (1986–2009) using Medical Subject.
This Review focuses on recently reported effects of smoking and alcohol ( environmental. A meta-analysis assessing the impact of APOE variants on CHD risk.
Jun 1, 2012. Keywords: MortalityCancerIncidenceMeta-analysisVegetarians. habits such as abstinence from smoking and alcohol consumption [2]. Six studies were included in the analysis of ischemic heart disease mortality [2,13,18.
To estimate parameters of the function relating alcohol consumption with the risk of coronary heart disease and to identify the sources of heterogeneity in the parameter estimates.
Aug 7, 2015. Keywords: dietary patterns; coronary heart disease; a meta-analysis. article; (2) the association between alcohol intake and risk of CHD had.
In meta-analyses, the incidence of coronary heart disease appears to be increased by the rs1229984 genotype that increases alcohol exposure, but, conversely, may be decreased by the rs671 genotype that increases alcohol exposure.
Moderate alcohol intake and lower risk of coronary heart disease: meta-analysis of effects on lipids and haemostatic factors. BMJ. 1999; 319: 1523–1528. Crossref Medline Google Scholar; 8 Imhof A, Froehlich M, Brenner H, Boeing H, Pepys MB, Koenig W. Effect of alcohol consumption on systemic markers of inflammation. Lancet.
Overall, cardiovascular disease is comprised of coronary heart disease, heart failure. 65.2 of people in the U.S. regularly sleep seven or more hours a night; and a meta-analysis of 43 studies.
Dec 17, 2017. PDF | During the past three decades the relationship between habitual coffee drinking and coronary heart disease (CHD) has been assessed.
May 20, 2013. Three recent meta-analyses on incident cardiovascular disease do not. effect of moderate alcohol use on coronary heart disease".17 While.
Feb 15, 2016. Keywords: Alcohol, wine, cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, alcohol consumption and CVD –Later studies and meta-analyses.
Drinking alcohol in moderation protects against heart disease, meta-analysis finds. In the companion study, Brien and colleagues reviewed 63 studies and investigated alcohol consumption with known physical markers for heart disease such as cholesterol, levels of inflammation, fat cells and the condition of blood vessels. They also assessed the impact of the type of alcohol consumed (wine, beer and spirits).
Feb 1, 2017. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MedLine, Embase, of low alcohol consumption with ischaemic heart disease.. and no history of a myocardial infarction, stroke, or coronary artery bypass surgery.
The meta-analysis included. of developing or dying from coronary artery disease or stroke during an average follow-up of 9.3 years. Dr Fountas said: "Our findings suggest that too much or too.
Meta Analysis Definition Law But the authority has limits defined in law. For example, the agency can't order such a study unless there's a perceived "serious risk." The FDA has, in practice, set a high bar on the definition. (By definition, the rivals in a primary election come from. But evidence of persuasion in general elections remained negligible. Reconducting their meta-analysis with all this new data, Kalla and. The important thing to know is that there is no standard
But how much alcohol is too. This meta-analysis shows no evidence of a threshold effect for both neoplasms and several non-neoplastic diseases. J-shaped relations were observed only for coronary.
HELLERUP, DENMARK — A new analysis of patients with newly diagnosed coronary heart disease (CHD) suggests that the benefits of beta-blockers in this setting appear relegated only to those with a.
Organism Can Be Described As Categorizing species can get especially hazy at small. In new research, he asks: Could organism interactions be described without mentioning species at all? "The species question is an exciting. You often here it described with words like "elusive" and "mysterious. Speaking of those who have never had an orgasm, they can still have great sex lives. There are plenty of other great things. The only material which can be excluded from patent protection are plants
Dec 21, 2015. Causal estimates from Mendelian randomisation analysis. a null effect of alcohol intake on cardiovascular disease in Chinese men, although a recent meta-analysis by. Marmot, M. G. Alcohol and coronary heart disease.
Thermodynamic Of Spray Drying Organism Can Be Described As Categorizing species can get especially hazy at small. In new research, he asks: Could organism interactions be described without mentioning species at all? "The species question is an exciting. You often here it described with words like "elusive" and "mysterious. Speaking of those who have never had an orgasm, they can still have great sex lives. There are plenty of other great things. The only material which can be excluded
Nov 28, 2018 · 1. Rimm EB, Williams P, Fosher K, Criqui M, Stampfer MJ. Moderate alcohol intake and lower risk of coronary heart disease: meta-analysis of effects on lipids and haemostatic factors.
2015;10:227–237. (3)Valtorta NK, Kanaan M, Gilbody S, et al. Loneliness and social isolation as risk factors for coronary heart disease and stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal.
Sample Papers For Social Science click on tabs below for class 9 economics worksheets, assignments, syllabus, ncert cbse books, ncert solutions, hots, multiple choice questions (mcqs), easy to learn concepts and study notes of all class 9 economics chapters, online tests, value based questions (vbqs), sample papers and last year solved question papers Although all the topics mentioned in the latest CBSE Class 10th Science Syllabus are important but after the analysis of previous years' papers, latest CBSE Syllabus, Sample
Prior studies have associated working more than 11 hours a day with higher risks of heart attack. done a "meta-analysis" of other published research and found that workaholics are more likely to.
Taulant Muka, M.D., Ph.D., of Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, and colleagues conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 32 studies. to have a greater risk of.
A meta-analysis of eight previously. for patients with stable coronary artery disease is not associated with improved outcomes compared with initial medical therapy for prevention of death,
In addition, risks of death from coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and cancer were increased by 51%, 50%, and 35%, respectively. The results were confirmed in a meta-analysis of seven.
water magnesium levels and risk of mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD); thus, a meta-analysis was performed to assess the association between them. Relevant studies were searched by the databases of Cochrane, EMBASE, PubMed and Web of Knowledge. Pooled relative risks (RR)
5 Objectives Of Epidemiology Apply for a visit in Paris and build a successful project with a world-leading research team! Are you a post-doc or experienced researcher and would you like to widen your experience? Meta Analysis Definition Law But the authority has limits defined in law. For example, the agency can't order such a study unless there's a perceived "serious risk." The FDA has, in practice, set a high bar on the definition. (By definition, the rivals in
Jun 12, 2017 · The meta-analysis 1 shows that people who drink alcohol (regardless of the amount) have a lower risk of coronary heart disease compared with abstainers. Former drinkers, on the other hand, have an increased risk of coronary heart disease.
In the first study looking at cessation of alcohol. of heart disease, several recent studies have found an association between heavy alcohol consumption – usually defined as more than three drinks.
Diabetes, smoking, coronary heart disease. The findings come from a recent review and meta-analysis of published studies on the effects of heart disease and related risk factors on mortality in.
as well as from cardiovascular disease and coronary heart disease, compared with the control group. The authors then used the new data to update an earlier meta-analysis (a review of all the evidence).
Among men with cardiometabolic disease — diabetes, coronary heart disease, or stroke — those with a. cohort studies from the IPD-Work (Individual-Participant-Data Meta-analysis in Working.
Meta-analyses have suggested there is either no association between CHD and coffee. between coffee drinking and long-term risk of coronary heart disease.
Breaking it down further, compared to abstainers, moderate wine drinkers were 58 percent less likely to develop heart disease. The meta-analysis looked at data from a total of 20 dementia-related.
Jul 22, 2014. A Prospective Study and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis. Susanna C. Larsson. coronary heart disease (CHD), and heart failure was obtained.
Oceanographers Compare To Us The Canadian Information Centre for International Credentials. For assessors Get guidance on academic credential assessment and access assessment resources. The research team includes biologists, veterinarians, clinical care experts, infectious disease experts, National Marine Fisheries Service biologists and oceanographers. "It makes sense to us that. The satellite data showed a substantial and abrupt increase in decade-long sea level trends in the Indian Ocean region, which prompted the oceanographers to investigate. which will help us better. Are
As an epidemiologist, he has researched socioeconomic inequalities in health, the methodologies (and application) of meta-analysis, sexually transmitted. C-reactive protein and its contribution to.
Objective:Previous meta-analyses estimate that low-volume alcohol consumption protects against coronary heart disease (CHD). Potential errors in studies include systematic misclassification of drinkers as abstainers, inadequate measurement, and selection bias across the life course.Method:Prospective studies of alcohol consumption and CHD mortality were identified in scholarly databases and.
The complete analysis included 12,554 cases of atrial fibrillation. The meta-analysis, which didn't differentiate between types of alcohol, showed the risk for atrial fibrillation. on the heart,
Most studies on the effect of alcohol consumption on coronary heart disease or. Maclure, M. Demonstration of deductive meta-analysis: ethanol intake and risk.
The investigators, from centres in Australia, Denmark and the USA, undertook a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of calcium supplements with or without vitamin D. They searched for two.
Excessive alcohol intake is associated with an elevated risk of alcoholic liver disease (ALD), heart failure, some cancers, and accidental injury, and is a leading cause.
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis on the relationship between alcohol consumption and long-term disease complications in patients with type 2 diabetes. Alcohol consumers had a 21–36% lower RR of total mortality, and a 25–66% lower RR of.
In cumulative meta-analyses of cardiovascular disease and coronary heart disease outcomes (appendix figs 1–3 on bmj.com), there was little variation in the relative risk associated with alcohol consumption on cardiovascular disease mortality or incident coronary heart disease with addition of new studies after 1999; for coronary heart disease mortality, this plateau in incremental change from new studies.
Jul 10, 2014 · Objective To use the rs1229984 variant in the alcohol dehydrogenase 1B gene ( ADH1B ) as an instrument to investigate the causal role of alcohol in cardiovascular disease. Design Mendelian randomisation meta-analysis of 56 epidemiological studies. Participants 261 991 individuals of European descent, including 20 259 coronary heart disease cases and 10 164 stroke events.
Hunnicutt said the link between iron intake, body iron stores and coronary heart disease has been debated for decades by researchers, with epidemiological studies providing inconsistent findings. The.
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Indianapolis Archdiocese cuts ties with school over refusal to fire gay teacher
Posted 5:23 pm, June 20, 2019, by Tribune Media
INDIANAPOLIS – The Archdiocese of Indianapolis has cut ties with a school that refused to fire a gay teacher, according to the Indianapolis Star.
Brebeuf Jesuit Preparatory School received notice Thursday that a formal announcement would be made Friday, declaring the school would no longer be formally recognized as a Catholic school, the Indianapolis Star reported.
After being made aware one of the teachers married a partner of the same sex in 2017, Brebeuf Jesuit began fighting to keep the teacher who had been with the school for years and did not teach religion classes.
The school's president posted to the school website, saying the Archdiocese's decision would not affect the school's mission.
According to the Indianapolis Star, the school has a robust nondiscrimination policy, and only the president, principal, religious studies teacher, and campus minister are required to be practicing Catholics.
It can happen to anyone…
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High school basketball game in Dallas ended in a shooting
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Clinton school district administration planning next steps for new high school


IWSVA is running out of disk space because it has been installed with less than the recommended hard disk space of 300 GB in production environments (50 GB in test environments).
Note that if central logging is enabled, it is unnecessary to provide 300 GB of disk space for the IWSVA nodes which forward logs to the central log IWSVA. However, we still recommend a minimum of 100 GB of disk space in production environments in this scenario.
Trend Micro recommends to allocate at least 300 GB of disk space to IWSVA in production environments. If you install IWSVA with less disk space allocated, you can use the following procedure to increase the disk space for the /var partition of IWSVA.
Add another disk to the virtual/physical machine on which IWSVA is installed with the desired disk space. If IWSVA is running in a virtual machine, you can use thin provisioning for this.
Connect to IWSVA via SSH (e.g. PuTTY) as "root".
Enter the following command to add the hard disk to the OS and extend the IWSVA data partition space.
Type "exit" to quit CLISH.
If adding a disk like this is not feasible for you, please contact Trend Micro Technical Support.


One of the benefits modules confer is that they can be reused across multiple projects. A common approach to module development is to define them in a separate project from the rest of the web application so that the output from the project can be used multiple times.
Creating a module project is a simple task, except for the process of registering the modules. You can define a fragment of XML that has to be inserted into the Web.config file, but this puts you at the mercy of the developer or administrator who sets up the web application-something that I generally like to avoid, especially when I have several modules that work together to deliver functionality. A better approach is to create modules that register themselves automatically using an assembly attribute called PreApplicationStartMethod. This attribute allows an assembly to define a method that is executed before the Application_Start method in the global application class is invoked, which is exactly when modules need to be registered. In the sections that follow, I'll walk through the process of using the PreApplicationStartMethod, which is summarized by Table 4-4.
I am going to create a second project called Common Modules within tile Visual Studio solution that contains tile SimpleApp project. This is not a requirement of using tile PreApplicationStartMethod attribute, but it makes it easier for me to demonstrate tile technique and use tile output from the Cornmon Modules project as a dependency of tile SimpleApp project.
Right-click the Solution item in the Visual Studio Solution Explorer and select Add → New Project from tile pop-up menu. Visual Studio will display the Add New Project dialog window; select the Installed → Visual C# → Class Library project type, set the name to Common Modules, and click the OK button to create the project.
I need to add the System. Webassembly to the CommonModules project so that I have access to the IHttpModule interface and the context objects. Click the CommonModules project in the Solution Explorer and select Add Reference from the Visual Studio Project menu. Locate tile System. Webassembly (you'll find it in the Assemblies Framework section) and check tile box next it, as shown ill Figure 4-3. Click tile OK button to dismiss the dialog box and add tile assembly reference to tile project.
I need to add a reference from the SimpleApp project to the CommonModules project so that the module I create will be available in the web application. Select the SimpleApp project in the Solution Explorer and select Add Reference from the Project menu. Click the Solution section and check the box next to the CommonModules entry, as shown in Hgure 4-4. Click the OK button to dismiss the dialog box and add the assembly reference to the project.
Now that there are two projects in the solution, I need to tell Visual Studio which one I want to start when I run the debugger. Right-click the SimpleApp project in the Solution Explorer and select Set As StartUp Project from the pop-up menu.
Visual Studio adds a class file called Class1.cs to the new project. Rename this file to InfoModule. cs and edit the contents to match Listing 4-4.
This Modulehandles the EndRequest event and appends a fragment of HTML to the response, which details the URL that was requested and the status code sent to the browser. I have handled the event using a lambda expression Oust for variety), but the overall structure/nature of the module is similar to the TimerModule module I created in the previous section.
To automatically register a module, I need to create a method that calls the static HttpApplication. RegisterModule method and then apply the PreApplicationStartMethod attribute to call this method when the application starts. [like to define a separate class to register the module because it means I can register all of the modules in the project in a single place. I added a class file called ModuleRegistration. cs to the CommonModulesproject. Listing 4-5 shows the contents of the new file.
The method must be public and static and cannot take any arguments. You are free to put any statements in the method, but it is good practice to only perform tasks that configure the code in the project to work with the web application, such as registering modules.