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A forest stewardship state of mind
Archive | Forests For Maine's Future
Allen Higgins and Josiah Pierce talk about caring for the land
By JOE RANKIN
Forests for Maine's Future Writer
Allen "Higmo" Higgins, asked what forest stewardship means to him, barely pauses.
"The biggest thing is, you can't have it all. You can't have a quick harvest, all kinds of money in your pocket in the first five minutes, plus look at the long term. The long-term health of my forest is more important than anything. I'm not going to be here in 100 years, but this forest will be here in 100 years and there's no reason it can't be better than it was when I took it over."
Can't have it all? No quick buck?
Those are words you don't hear too often in these days of the quick buck and mindless consumerism, disposable technology and a focus on short-term profits. Higgins, Maine's 2011 Outstanding Tree Farmer of the Year, might as well be speaking a different language.
Forest stewardship is not a best practices manual. It's a state of mind. An attitude. A mindset. An outlook. An ethic.
Allen Higgins and Paula Hersom (Joe Rankin photo)And it could be a threatened species. At a time when it's more important than ever, says Tom Doak, the executive director of the Small Woodland Owners Association of Maine, one of the Forests for Maine's Future collaborators.
"It's important because of the changing values of landowners, and the turnover of land, because people are more mobile and the forestland ownership is aging. The tenure of ownership is shorter. And ethics take some time to develop. For some it's not necessarily an automatic," said Doak.
He notes that in decades past people lived closer to the land, depending on their particular piece of it for more for the basic necessities of life. They grew up on, and with, a piece of land and later inherited it. That tended to foster the feeling of a relationship that extends through time. They could envision handing it off to their children and wanted to offer it in better shape than they found it.
These days, said Doak, people acquire a piece of land, but often haven't been exposed to that type of ethos. They buy or inherit a tract of forest, and want to take care of it, but don't know how. Many think that caring for the woods means doing nothing, he said, when in fact, judicious logging and other practices can actually create a healthier, more productive forest.
But fostering a forest steward's mindset isn't as easy as legislating rules for wood harvesting. And too much regulation can be counterproductive, Doak said, discouraging people from wanting to own forestland, which is already challenging enough: dealing with motorized vehicles, midnight dumping, trespassing, and then coming up with the tax money.
Doak says if society values good forest stewardship it needs to rethink its relationship with landowners, working with them. He thinks the state could learn a lot from Maine's snowmobile clubs, which have built a solid relationship with landowners by listening to them, hearing their concerns, and speaking out on issues that affect them.
But Doak admits that spreading and rejuvenating the complex, yet subtle mindset that is forest stewardship in the next generation of landowners will be a challenge, and that there's no easy answer.
Higgins and his partner, Paula Hersom, are sitting on a log in their woods in Brunswick, Around them huge white pines reach for a blue sky. Under the pines is a carpet of . . . pines, so thick they almost look like grass. The next generation of trees, or even the next after that.
Higgins and Hersom, and Higgins' sister Marcia, run Higmo's Lumber, Music and Logging in Brunswick. It is a two-skidder logging operation, a circular sawmill, and a 90-acre tree farm.
The land off Bridge Road goes back in Higgins's family and not so long ago was part of the declining dairy farm where he grew up. Higgins was a working as a mechanic for one of the local "dirt guys" in the late 1990s when he decided to set up a sawmill in the location where his father's sawmill stood when it burned in the 1950's.
What started as a hobby quickly grew into a business.
Now the mill's 52-inch blade saws a quarter of a million board feet of lumber a year for sale to local homeowners, contractors, and even wooden boatbuilders. Low grade wood is sold as pulp. The three are the only employees, driving the skidders and trucks, running the mill – and taking care of the land.
"I'm just carrying on the same tradition of what my dad and grandfather believed in. Which was, let's not rape the land. Mother Nature will take care of it herself if we don't go in there and do too much to mess it up. Mother Nature knows how to grow a forest, so let's work with her, not against her. The soil will tell you what it wants to grow," Higgins said.
"My father was a big believer in selective cutting. All he ever did was selective cut. He was looking to weed out something that was overgrown or low grade. I've done the same thing."
The 80 or 90 acres Higgins now tends was pretty much left to fend for itself through the 1980s and 1990s, before he took it over and began more active management. The forest is mostly white and pitch pines, oaks, a little cedar. Higmo has thinned trees, and laid out permanent skid trails and a log yard. He said when they log a section they try to do what needs to be done there for at least the next decade and a half. Repeated messing around, he says, would play havoc with the next generation of trees.
Higgins says cultivating a forest stewardship ethic means cultivating yourself as much as the land.
Education is a key ingredient, said Higgins, who said he has taken advantage of all sorts of opportunities to learn from the experts, and who now tries to pass that on. This year he will host the 57th Annual Tree Farm/SWOAM Forestry Field Day at his place in Brunswick on Sept. 10. He also hosts an annual Saw Mill Days at Higmo's in November.
Education also means getting to know your land, he said. Spend time there. Look around. See how the trees grow. What grows where. How the sunlight hits.
Another key: slowing down.
"I think my biggest priority long term is to leave it as good or better than I found it when I'm gone. That means planning accordingly. Don't walk in the forest and say, 'you know, I think I'd like a trail right here and we ought to cut it right now.' It takes many trips to make that kind of decision. It's like measuring logs. When you drop a tree and limb it, that's the wrong time to measure logs.
"If you're acting in haste there's a problem. It's going to take 70 to 90 years to grow a tree for sawlogs. If you're taking five seconds to decide what to do with it once you've dropped it, that's the wrong answer. You have to slow down a little bit. And it's a hard thing to slow down. The economy makes you want to crank. It wants to make you go fast. But it's never the right thing."
Higgins said the most important thing his forest has taught him is patience.
Higmo in the sawmill (Joe Rankin photo)"Impatience always leads to wrong decisions, whether it's the business or the woods themselves. It's kind of a weird combination. To survive as a small business you have to be a go-getter, but at the same time you have to make the right decisions and to do that you have to be patient."
For Josiah Pierce, forest stewardship isn't something you can learn so much as absorb . . . from the forest itself.
"What's needed is the desire, and the desire comes from being out in the woods and seeing how beautiful it is. Once you have the desire you go for the knowledge. Knowledge of which plants you try to control – multiflora rose, Japanese knotweed. And what you encourage and how you encourage it. Knowing what's right for a particular area and soils, where the hemlock grows best and the white pine grows best," Pierce said.
Pierce and his wife Kathy were the National Outstanding Tree Farmers of the Year in 2007. It's a signal honor.
Jo Pierce manages some 2,000 acres in Baldwin. Its core is 360 acres that he's the sixth generation in his family to own.
"My father, from when I was a young boy convinced me that I loved the woods and loved the farm and was going to take care of it. He gave me some land while he was still alive and I bought some land. So now I own land myself and own land with my sister and own land with my son."
For him, forest stewardship means "handing on the land to the next generation, or the next generation after that in the same or better shape than I received it. It means that when I die the next generation will be able to to cut trees and pay the taxes and make a little profit. That's one really important thing. But in with that is also that I'll see that there will be a mixture of trees, there will be animals, up and down the food chain, a mixture of plants and that the water above the ground and under it will be clean."
While Pierce believes a person can pick up the forest stewardship ethic at any time in life, he says it can also be handed down from parent to child. What it takes is time: in the woods.
"Encourage your children to play in the woods and walk in the woods. I was exposed to my father and his love of the woods. Just being out there in the woods with them is important. If it takes it takes, if it doesn't it doesn't. But they'll see and understand that it's a part of them," said Pierce, who has a son who lives nearby who is interested in the woods. His other two children live out of state.
His advice to those who want to learn how a good forest steward relates to the land is the same: get out and walk in the woods with those who have a reputation for taking care of the forest.
Also, Pierce advises, seek out organizations like SWOAM, which are committed to fostering that ethic, and get advice from a forester. Read, he said. And, learn your trees, how to recognize them, not just by the leaves, but the bark.
But Pierce advises not just learning about your woods, but about yourself. It will help foster the proper perspective.
"It's something to do with the woods are larger than me. They're more important than me. They were there before I was born and will be after I'm dead. I've learned to think long term. I've said 100 years back and 100 years ahead . . . I've learned about time and my importance. And I'm relatively unimportant," he said.
Post Tags:	#Forest Management#Landowners
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They produce gun stocks, flooring, cedar shingles, log homes, wooden playsets. They make cigar tips, wooden pack baskets, doors and staircases. Cutting boards and chairs, cabinets and baseball bats, grilling planks canoe paddles. Colorful wooden eggs made by Wells Wood Turning in Buckfield have been featured at the White House Easter Egg roll since 2006,…
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By Joe Rankin Forests for Maine's Future writer You're driving down a Maine highway, following a logging truck that's teetering and swaying with a load of logs, belching diesel fumes, and, because your cell phone fell down between the seats, you have time to speculate about where those logs might be going. …
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It's safe to say that things have changed since the 1970s and 1980s, when the spruce budworm last ravaged the northern Maine woods. The forest has changed hands, some parcels many times. The state's woods products and paper industries have suffered severe blows — mills have closed and thousands of jobs evaporated. Then, there is…
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Bymainetree	 August 26, 2014 December 17, 2020
By JOE RANKIN Forests for Maine's Future writer It's perhaps fitting that the largest city in the most forested state in the nation should be nicknamed the Forest City. Of course, when Portland acquired that sobriquet, back in the 1800s, Maine and New England had a lot less forest. Portland has thousands of trees. Large…
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Q: Ошибка при сборке apk файла, python, kivy, buildozer При компиляции (buildozer android debug) появляется такая ошибка. Помогите пожалуйста!!!
Код файла - обычная тестовая кнопка. Компилирую на виртуальной машине - ubuntu 20.04
# Command failed: /usr/bin/python3 -m pythonforandroid.toolchain create --dist_name=myapp --bootstrap=sdl2 --requirements=python3,kivy --arch armeabi-v7a --copy-libs --color=always --storage-dir="/home/yaroslav/Рабочий стол/KIVY_TEST_2/.buildozer/android/platform/build-armeabi-v7a" --ndk-api=21 --ignore-setup-py
# ENVIRONMENT:
#     SHELL = '/bin/bash'
#     SESSION_MANAGER = 'local/yaroslav-VirtualBox:@/tmp/.ICE-unix/1182,unix/yaroslav-VirtualBox:/tmp/.ICE-unix/1182'
#     QT_ACCESSIBILITY = '1'
#     COLORTERM = 'truecolor'
#     XDG_CONFIG_DIRS = '/etc/xdg/xdg-ubuntu:/etc/xdg'
#     XDG_MENU_PREFIX = 'gnome-'
#     GNOME_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID = 'this-is-deprecated'
#     GTK_IM_MODULE = 'ibus'
#     QT4_IM_MODULE = 'ibus'
#     GNOME_SHELL_SESSION_MODE = 'ubuntu'
#     SSH_AUTH_SOCK = '/run/user/1000/keyring/ssh'
#     XMODIFIERS = '@im=ibus'
#     DESKTOP_SESSION = 'ubuntu'
#     SSH_AGENT_PID = '1085'
#     GTK_MODULES = 'gail:atk-bridge'
#     DBUS_STARTER_BUS_TYPE = 'session'
#     PWD = '/home/yaroslav/Рабочий стол/KIVY_TEST_2'
#     LOGNAME = 'yaroslav'
#     XDG_SESSION_DESKTOP = 'ubuntu'
#     XDG_SESSION_TYPE = 'x11'
#     GPG_AGENT_INFO = '/run/user/1000/gnupg/S.gpg-agent:0:1'
#     XAUTHORITY = '/run/user/1000/gdm/Xauthority'
#     WINDOWPATH = '2'
#     HOME = '/home/yaroslav'
#     USERNAME = 'yaroslav'
#     IM_CONFIG_PHASE = '1'
#     LANG = 'ru_RU.UTF-8'
#     LS_COLORS = 'rs=0:di=01;34:ln=01;36:mh=00:pi=40;33:so=01;35:do=01;35:bd=40;33;01:cd=40;33;01:or=40;31;01:mi=00:su=37;41:sg=30;43:ca=30;41:tw=30;42:ow=34;42:st=37;44:ex=01;32:*.tar=01;31:*.tgz=01;31:*.arc=01;31:*.arj=01;31:*.taz=01;31:*.lha=01;31:*.lz4=01;31:*.lzh=01;31:*.lzma=01;31:*.tlz=01;31:*.txz=01;31:*.tzo=01;31:*.t7z=01;31:*.zip=01;31:*.z=01;31:*.dz=01;31:*.gz=01;31:*.lrz=01;31:*.lz=01;31:*.lzo=01;31:*.xz=01;31:*.zst=01;31:*.tzst=01;31:*.bz2=01;31:*.bz=01;31:*.tbz=01;31:*.tbz2=01;31:*.tz=01;31:*.deb=01;31:*.rpm=01;31:*.jar=01;31:*.war=01;31:*.ear=01;31:*.sar=01;31:*.rar=01;31:*.alz=01;31:*.ace=01;31:*.zoo=01;31:*.cpio=01;31:*.7z=01;31:*.rz=01;31:*.cab=01;31:*.wim=01;31:*.swm=01;31:*.dwm=01;31:*.esd=01;31:*.jpg=01;35:*.jpeg=01;35:*.mjpg=01;35:*.mjpeg=01;35:*.gif=01;35:*.bmp=01;35:*.pbm=01;35:*.pgm=01;35:*.ppm=01;35:*.tga=01;35:*.xbm=01;35:*.xpm=01;35:*.tif=01;35:*.tiff=01;35:*.png=01;35:*.svg=01;35:*.svgz=01;35:*.mng=01;35:*.pcx=01;35:*.mov=01;35:*.mpg=01;35:*.mpeg=01;35:*.m2v=01;35:*.mkv=01;35:*.webm=01;35:*.ogm=01;35:*.mp4=01;35:*.m4v=01;35:*.mp4v=01;35:*.vob=01;35:*.qt=01;35:*.nuv=01;35:*.wmv=01;35:*.asf=01;35:*.rm=01;35:*.rmvb=01;35:*.flc=01;35:*.avi=01;35:*.fli=01;35:*.flv=01;35:*.gl=01;35:*.dl=01;35:*.xcf=01;35:*.xwd=01;35:*.yuv=01;35:*.cgm=01;35:*.emf=01;35:*.ogv=01;35:*.ogx=01;35:*.aac=00;36:*.au=00;36:*.flac=00;36:*.m4a=00;36:*.mid=00;36:*.midi=00;36:*.mka=00;36:*.mp3=00;36:*.mpc=00;36:*.ogg=00;36:*.ra=00;36:*.wav=00;36:*.oga=00;36:*.opus=00;36:*.spx=00;36:*.xspf=00;36:'
#     XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP = 'ubuntu:GNOME'
#     VTE_VERSION = '6003'
#     GNOME_TERMINAL_SCREEN = '/org/gnome/Terminal/screen/403164d0_13eb_41ae_bc8b_ae8d43a2f325'
#     INVOCATION_ID = 'b70c6d82c8de424d82c58e99a3704b9f'
#     MANAGERPID = '848'
#     CLUTTER_IM_MODULE = 'ibus'
#     LESSCLOSE = '/usr/bin/lesspipe %s %s'
#     XDG_SESSION_CLASS = 'user'
#     TERM = 'xterm-256color'
#     LESSOPEN = '| /usr/bin/lesspipe %s'
#     USER = 'yaroslav'
#     GNOME_TERMINAL_SERVICE = ':1.211'
#     DISPLAY = ':0'
#     SHLVL = '1'
#     QT_IM_MODULE = 'ibus'
#     DBUS_STARTER_ADDRESS = 'unix:path=/run/user/1000/bus,guid=6b7a92d06cc183135ce39d87601693e0'
#     XDG_RUNTIME_DIR = '/run/user/1000'
#     JOURNAL_STREAM = '8:27368'
#     XDG_DATA_DIRS = '/usr/share/ubuntu:/usr/local/share/:/usr/share/:/var/lib/snapd/desktop'
#     PATH = '/home/yaroslav/.buildozer/android/platform/apache-ant-1.9.4/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/snap/bin'
#     GDMSESSION = 'ubuntu'
#     DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS = 'unix:path=/run/user/1000/bus,guid=6b7a92d06cc183135ce39d87601693e0'
#     _ = '/usr/local/bin/buildozer'
#     PACKAGES_PATH = '/home/yaroslav/.buildozer/android/packages'
#     ANDROIDSDK = '/home/yaroslav/.buildozer/android/platform/android-sdk'
#     ANDROIDNDK = '/home/yaroslav/.buildozer/android/platform/android-ndk-r19c'
#     ANDROIDAPI = '27'
#     ANDROIDMINAPI = '21'
#
# Buildozer failed to execute the last command
# The error might be hidden in the log above this error
# Please read the full log, and search for it before
# raising an issue with buildozer itself.
# In case of a bug report, please add a full log with log_level = 2

log_level=2 вроде и так по-умолчанию стоит

A: Нашел решение проблемы
компиляцию запускаю не через buildozer android debug, а через buildozer android debug deploy run
Также поменяйте путь к папке что в нём не было пробелов (Например: Рабочий стол) и возможно лучше использовать латиницу) (скорее всего этот совет более важный, чем первый, но я использовал их оба)

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Read the side effects of Sodium Oxybate as described in the medical literature. In case of any doubt consult your doctor or pharmacist.
Most Common- Headache, nausea, dizziness, throat pain, drowsiness, vomiting, and urinary incontinence.
Eye and ENT- Ringing in the ear, blurred vision.
Gastrointestinal- Abdominal pain, Diarrhea, Indigestion, Nausea and Vomiting.
Central Nervous System- Disturbance in attention, Dizziness, Headache, Confusional state, Depression, Sleep disorder, Sleep walking.


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text:
Maldives | About Us | Jobs | Contact Us | Help
You are here: Home Page > Medicine & Health > Surgery > Neurosurgery > Pain Neurosurgery
Pain Neurosurgery
Edited by Dr. Oren Sagher, Dr. Emily Levin, and Dr. Julie Pilitsis
Neurosurgery by Example
Covers a wide range of pain neurosurgery topics and authored by a group of the field's leading experts
Each chapter includes pivot points and clinical pearls that allow readers to broaden their understanding of the field
Appropriate for neurosurgeons who wish to learn more about pain neurosurgery, and those preparing for the American Board of Neurological Surgery oral examination
Part of the Neurosurgery by Example series, this volume on pain neurosurgery presents exemplary cases in which renowned authors guide readers through the assessment and planning, decision making, surgical procedure, after care, and complication management of common and uncommon disorders. The cases explore the spectrum of clinical diversity and complexity within pain neurosurgery, including trigeminal neuralgia, postherpetic neuralgia, occipital neuralgia, percutaneous cordotomy for cancer-associated pain, chronic lumbar radiculopathy, and more.
Each chapter also contains 'pivot points' that illuminate changes required to manage patients in alternate or atypical situations, and pearls for accurate diagnosis, successful treatment, and effective complication management. Containing a focused review of medical evidence and expected outcomes, Pain Neurosurgery is appropriate for neurosurgeons who wish to learn more about a subspecialty, and those preparing for the American Board of Neurological Surgery oral examination.
Chapter 1: Idiopathic Trigeminal Neuralgia in the Healthy Patient
Oren Sagher
Chapter 2: Idiopathic Trigeminal Neuralgia in the Elderly
Kunal Raygor, Anthony Lee, and Edward Chang
Chapter 3: Secondary Trigeminal Neuralgia (Balloon Compression Rhizolysis)
Jeffrey A. Brown
Chapter 4: Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia
Chapter 5: Trigeminal Neuropathic Pain
Mandana A. Behbahani, Nauman S. Chaudhry, Konstantin V. Slavin
Chapter 6: Postherpetic Neuralgia: Motor Cortex Stimulation and Nucleus Caudalis DREZ Lesioning
Sebastian Rubino, Roy S. Hwang, and Julie G. Pilitsis
Chapter 7: Occipital Neuralgia
Richard L. Weiner
Chapter 8: Geniculate Neuralgia
Emily Lehmann Levin
Chapter 9: Dorsal Root Entry Zone (DREZ) lesioning for Brachial Plexus Avulsion Pain
Daniel R. Cleary and Sharona Ben-Haim
Chapter 10: Percutaneous Cordotomy for Cancer-associated Pain
Marian Bercu, Timothy Shepherd, and Alon Y. Mogilner
Chapter 11: Spinal Cord Injury Transitional Zone Pain
Chapter 12: Chronic Lumbar Radiculopathy: Spinal Cord Stimulation and Intrathecal Drug Delivery
Brian J.A. Gill, Farhan A. Khan, Christopher J. Winfree
Chapter 13: Intrathecal Drug Therapy for Painful Vertebral Metastases
Sebastian Rubino, Shelby Sabourin, and Julie G. Pilitsis
Chapter 14: Pelvic/Visceral Cancer Pain
Ashwin Viswanathan
Chapter 15: Painful Diabetic Neuropathy
Chapter 16: Cluster Headache
Chapter 17: Postherpetic Neuralgia of the Trigeminal Nerve (Trigeminal Tractotomy-Nucleotomy)
Zoe Teton and Ahmed M. Raslan
Chapter 18: Cingulotomy for Intractable Pain
Patrick J. Hunt, Patrick J. Karas, Ashwin Viswanathan, and Sameer A. Sheth
Chapter 19: Trigeminal Neuropathic Pain: Motor Cortex Stimulation
Nicholas C. Field and Julie G. Pilitsis
Chapter 20: Occipital Nerve Stimulation for Chronic Refractory Migraine
Cletus Cheyuo, Roy S. Hwang, and Julie G. Pilits
Chapter 21: Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) Diagnosis and Surgical Management Roy S. Hwang, Claire Collison, and Julie G. Pilitsis
Chapter 22: Post-Stroke Intractable Pain
Innocent Njoku and Julie G. Pilitsis
Edited by Dr. Oren Sagher, Professor and Vice Chair, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Health System, Edited by Dr. Emily Levin, Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Health System, and Edited by Dr. Julie Pilitsis, Chair; Professor, Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics; Neurosurgery and Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics; Albany Medical College
Oren Sagher, MD, accepted a position on the neurosurgical faculty at the University of Michigan after completing his residency at the University of Virginia. He became Chief of Neurosurgery at the Ann Arbor Veterans Administration Hospital, a position he held until 1996. He then completed a fellowship in Pain and Functional Neurosurgery at the Oregon Health Sciences University, and took over as the Director of Neuromodulation at the University of Michigan. As the primary functional neurosurgeon at the University of Michigan, Dr. Sagher takes care of such problems as epilepsy, pain, Parkinson's Disease, and other movement disorders. Dr. Sagher is board certified by the American Board of Neurological Surgeons, and is a member of the American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS) and the Congress of Neurological Surgeons (CNS). He has served on the Executive Council on the AANS/CNS Joint Section on Pain, which he chaired from 2003 to 2005. Emily Levin, MD, graduated from Johns
Hopkins University in 2002, where she obtained a bachelor's degree in Biomedical Engineering. She graduated from the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine with her Doctor of Medicine. Following completion of her surgical internship and residency in Neurosurgery at the University of Michigan, she completed a fellowship in Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery at the University of California, San Francisco. While in San Francisco, she received specialized training in the surgical treatment of movement disorders, such as Parkinson's disease and dystonia. She also focused on surgery for treating epilepsy and pain. She is currently a Clinical Assistant Professor of Neurosurgery at University of Michigan and the Chief of Neurosurgery for the Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Julie G. Pilitsis, MD, is a Professor of Neurosurgery and of Neuroscience at Albany Medical College and Chair for the Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics. She completed her
neurosurgery residency at Wayne State University in Detroit, MI. During that time, she also obtained a PhD in neurophysiology and became active in both basic science and translational research. She went on to complete a fellowship in Functional Neurosurgery at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago, IL. To date, she has served as Chair of the Joint Section on Pain of the American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS)/Congress of Neurological Surgeons (CNS) as well as AANS/CNS Chair of Joint Section for Women in Neurosurgery. She is currently an Executive Council Member of the American Society for Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Scientific Program for the AANS, and on the NANS Board of Directors. With the support of the NANS Board of Directors, she began the NANS Women in Neuromodulation Section where she was the first chair and currently serves as senior advisor. Dr. Pilitsis maintains an NIH sponsored research program focused on device optimization for neuromodulation and has
published over 100 journal articles, 4 books, and numerous chapters. She serves as section editor of functional neurosurgery in Operative Neurosurgery, is on the editorial board of Neuromodulation, and sits on multiple NIH study sections.
Mandana A. Behbahani, MD
Department of Neurosurgery
The University of Illinois College of Medicine
Sharona Ben-Haim, MD
Associate Physician
Marian Bercu, MD
Helen DeVos Children's Hospital
Jeffrey A. Brown, MD
Neurological Surgery, PC
Lake Success, NY
Edward Chang, MD
Department of Neurological Surgery
Nauman S. Chaudhry, MD
Cletus Cheyuo, MD, PhD
West Virginia University School of Medicine
Daniel R. Cleary, MD, PhD
Claire Collison, MS
Nicholas C. Field, MD
Brian J.A. Gill, MD
Columbia University Neurological Institute
Patrick J. Hunt, BS
Medical Scientist Training Program (MD/PhD)
Roy S. Hwang, MD, MS
Patrick J. Karas, MD
Farhan A. Khan, BS
Columbia Unviersity
Anthony Lee, PhD
Innocent Njoku, MD
Kunal Raygor, MD
Sebastian Rubino, MD
Shelby Sabourin, BS
Neurosurgery Research Intern
Albany Medical Center
Timothy Shepherd, MD, PhD
NYU Langone Health
Sameer A. Sheth, MD, PhD
Assistant Professor of Neurological Surgery
Director, Psychiatric Neurosurgery Service
Department of Neurology
Konstantin V. Slavin, MD
Professor of Neurosurgery
Head, Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery section
Zoe Teton, BS
Ashwin Viswanathan, MD
Richard L. Weiner, MD, FACS, FAANS
Dallas Neurosurgical and Spine Associates
Clinical Associate Professor of Neurosurgery
UT Southwestern Medical School
Christopher J. Winfree, MD, FACS
Columbia University Medical Center
"[A]n excellent review of the most common pain conditions and their respective managementAll health care providers involved in treating patients with these pain conditions should read this book." - Line Jacques, Neurosurgery
Spinal Neurosurgery
James Harrop, Christopher Maulucci
Paediatric Neuroanaesthesia
Hemanshu Prabhakar
50 Studies Every Surgeon Should Know
SreyRam Kuy, Rachel J. Kwon, Miguel A. Burch, Michael E. Hochman
Peripheral Nerve Surgery
Thomas Wilson, Lynda J-S Yang
Invasive Studies of the Human Epileptic Brain
Samden D. Lhatoo, Philippe Kahane, Hans O. Lüders
Advanced Perioperative Crisis Management
Matthew D. McEvoy, Cory M. Furse
Neurotrauma
Chrisopher J. Madden, Jack Jallo
Challenging Concepts in Neurosurgery
Robin Bhatia, Ian Sabin
Textbook of Caesarean Section
Eric Jauniaux, William Grobman
Surgical Neuro-Oncology
Russell R. Lonser, J. Bradley Elder
Surgery of the Autonomic Nervous System
Jonathan A. Hyam, Erlick A. C. Pereira, Alexander L. Green
Oxford Textbook of Trauma and Orthopaedics
Christopher Bulstrode, James Wilson-MacDonald, Deborah M. Eastwood, John McMaster, Jeremy Fairbank, Parminder J. Singh, Sandeep Bawa, Panagoitis D. Gikas, Tim Bunker, Grey Giddins, Mark Blyth, David Stanley
Nathan Selden, Lissa Baird
Neuro-Oncology Practice
Susan Chang
Oxford Handbooks Clinical Tutor Study Cards: Surgery
Tanya M. Monaghan, James D. Thomas, David Humes
Functional Neurosurgery
Ahmed Raslan, Ashwin Viswanathan
Medicine & Health > Surgery > Neurosurgery
Medicine & Health > Surgery


If you are the 'Bradford Classic' organiser and you would like to update or amend the details shown, please contact us. Thank you.
When is the next Bradford Classic? Friday 16th to Sunday 18th August, 2019.
Bradford Classic is listed under August 2019 Shows.
Although we try to keep the information for this event as up to date as possible, we cannot guarantee that things haven't changed at the last minute, and we haven't been informed. Therefore, please contact the 'Bradford Classic' event holder directly to confirm all details (especially event name, dates and location) before setting off to City Park.
The Bradford Classic is planned to take place at City Park, Bradford, Friday 16th to Sunday 18th August, 2019.
You may reach the event organisers on 07419 35 8941.


Thirteen pieces for the beginner double bass player that will provide playing fun based on sound principles for this grand instrument. It contains short pieces by both classical and more contemporary composers.
The second volume of Caroline Emery's best selling series for children, adding to and moving on from Book 1. Contains 72 short tunes and ensemble pieces, attractively illustrated with musical puzzles and rhythm games.
TIME PIECES FOR DOUBLE BASS - VOLUME 1.
TIME PIECES FOR DOUBLE BASS - VOLUME 2.
Robert Clerisse's wonderful lyrical piece is suitable for tuba or bass trombone or double bass, with piano accompaniment.
A terrific bass clef work by Pierre Gabaye, suitable for tuba or bass trombone or double bass, with piano accompaniment. Part of the ABRSM Bass Trombone Grade 8 Examination.
CHRISTIAN GOUINGUENE: HOMMAGE A VIVALDI - DOUBLE BASS AND PIANO.
CHRISTIAN GOUINGUENÉ: ADAGIO FOR DOUBLE BASS AND PIANO.
Christian Gouinguené's Adagio for Double Bass and Piano, set for the ABRSM Double Bass Syllabus Grade 6.
JEAN-LOUIS MARTIN: PIMPRENELLE (DOUBLE BASS/PIANO).


routine Archives - Make Time.
Making time, people. Are you?
Chris and I read Big Magic this summer. If you are loosing heart, not making time for your creative work, read it–read it now. We actually carried a hardback copy of the book into Enchanted Valley and back, read the entire thing out loud. As we walked the last 2.5 miles of road to our car, we finished the last pages of the book and perhaps because our bodies were aching, torn, and exhausted, but also because of how the book spoke to us both, there were a few tears shed before closing the paint-splashed cover and driving home.
It's Saturday morning, the first weekend after the first week of school and I'm at Mudbay Coffee in Olympia writing. My best writer friend Carrie is writing across from me and Chris is in the corner working on a short story. This, for me, is so much bliss. I'm finishing up the first draft of a novel I've been working on for a year and a half and starting to think about draft one of book number two in the trilogy. In the past year, I self-published two beautiful books through Red Dress Press, a self-publishing service co-founded by me, Chris, and my baby sister, Em.
I have a routine and I'm making time. That's how I'm getting there. It's not easy getting up at 4 in the morning to write, but this feeling of accomplishment, having made two books I'm proud of, putting the finishing touches on a draft of a story I love writing, makes it more than worthwhile.
This entry was posted in A Room Of Your Own, Musings, On writing and tagged amwriting, maketime, routine, writerlife on 2016-09-17 by lizshine74.


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Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program
People rally outside the Supreme Court as oral arguments are heard in the case of President Trump's decision to end the Obama-era, Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program (DACA), Tuesday, Nov. 12, 2019, at the Supreme Court in Washington. (AP Photo/Jacquelyn Martin)
Split Supreme Court appears ready to allow Trump to end DACA
WASHINGTON (AP) — Sharply at odds with liberal justices, the Supreme Court's conservative majority seemed ready Tuesday to allow the Trump administration to abolish protections that permit 660,000 immigrants to work in the U.S., free from the threat of deportation. That outcome would "destroy lives...
Michelle Lainez, 17, originally from El Salvador but now living in Gaithersburg, Md., speaks during a rally outside the Supreme Court in Washington, Friday, Nov. 8, 2019. The Supreme Court on Tuesday takes up the Trump administration's plan to end legal protections that shield nearly 700,000 immigrants from deportation, in a case with strong political overtones amid the 2020 presidential election campaign. (AP Photo/Susan Walsh)
November 10, 2019 - 8:11 am
Justices take up high-profile case over young immigrants
WASHINGTON (AP) — The Supreme Court is taking up the Trump administration's plan to end legal protections that shield 660,000 immigrants from deportation, a case with strong political overtones amid the 2020 presidential election campaign. All eyes will be on Chief Justice John Roberts when the...
Joseph Diaz, 10, right, and his brother, John Diaz, 7, watch videos as their parents, Karina Ruiz and Humberto Diaz prepare dinner at their home, Thursday, Nov. 7, 2019 in Glendale, Ariz. Karina is in a program dating back to the Obama administration that allows immigrants brought here as children to work and protects them from deportation. The U.S. Supreme Court will hear arguments Tuesday, Nov. 12, about President Donald Trump's attempt to end the program, and the stakes are particularly high for the older generation of people enrolled in Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, known as DACA.(AP Photo/Matt York)
For 30-somethings, stakes are high over future of DACA
PHOENIX (AP) — Karina Ruiz's life is deeply rooted in Phoenix. She has three children and two grandkids, a side gig selling houses, frantic days rushing kids off to school and activities, a busy work schedule filled with meetings. The 35-year-old knows that little of this would be possible without...
In this May 23, 2019 photo, the U.S. Supreme Court building at dusk on Capitol Hill in Washington. (AP Photo/Patrick Semansky)
Supreme Court to decide on Trump bid to end DACA
WASHINGTON (AP) — The Supreme Court will decide whether President Donald Trump can end an Obama-era program shielding young immigrants from deportation. The justices' order Friday sets up high-stakes legal arguments in late fall or early winter, with a decision likely by June 2020 as Trump seeks re...
Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., meets with reporters at her weekly news conference at the Capitol in Washington, Thursday, May 16, 2019. Pelosi says the U.S. must avoid war with Iran, and she says the White House has "no business" moving toward a Middle East confrontation without approval from Congress. (AP Photo/J. Scott Applewhite)
The Latest: Pelosi slams merit-based Trump immigration plan
WASHINGTON (AP) — The Latest on President Donald Trump's immigration plan (all times local): 1:35 p.m. House Speaker Nancy Pelosi says President Donald Trump's emphasis on merit-based immigration is "condescending" because families have merit, too. Trump is unveiling a new immigration proposal and...
Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., leaves the chamber after speaking about his plan to move a 1,300-page spending measure, which includes $5.7 billion to fund President Donald Trump's proposed wall along the U.S.-Mexico border, the sticking point in the standoff between Trump and Democrats that has led to a partial government shutdown, at the Capitol in Washington, Tuesday, Jan. 22, 2019. (AP Photo/J. Scott Applewhite)
Senate sets up showdown votes on shutdown plans
WASHINGTON (AP) — Senate leaders on Tuesday agreed to hold votes this week on dueling proposals to reopen shuttered federal agencies, forcing a political reckoning for senators grappling with the longest shutdown in U.S. history: Side with President Donald Trump or vote to temporarily end the...
CORRECTS NUMBER OF OTHER RHODES SCHOLAR FROM 30 TO 31 - Harvard University graduate Jin K. Park, who holds a degree in molecular and cellular biology, poses at Harvard Yard in Cambridge, Mass., Thursday, Dec. 13, 2018. Park, who was named a Rhodes Scholar along with 31 other Americans in November, entered the U.S. illegally as a child, moving to Queens borough of New York City with his family. The undocumented student, who participates in the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program (DACA), is not sure if he'll be allowed back in the U.S. after his studies in the United Kingdom. (AP Photo/Charles Krupa)
Rhodes scholar and 'Dreamer' fears he can't return to US
CAMBRIDGE, Mass. (AP) — He became the first "Dreamer" to win the prestigious Rhodes scholarship, but for recent Harvard University graduate Jin Park, the joy of that achievement has given way to uncertainty. The 22-year-old, who lives in New York City, risks not being allowed back in the country if...
In this Aug. 15, 2018, photo, Maria Nieto, right, and Alma Romo, second from left, register people to vote in Las Vegas. Democrats in Nevada are working to register and engage Latino voters ahead of this year's midterms, hoping to recreate the big wins that the state's Hispanic and immigrant community are credited with delivering two years ago. (AP Photo/John Locher)
Nevada Democrats hope Latinos can propel them to victory
LAS VEGAS (AP) — As temperatures topped 110 degrees last week outside a Latin American grocery store in Las Vegas, 19-year-old Diara Hernandez bounded up to customers, greeting them with a smile and a clipboard to ask in Spanish if they're registered to vote — or can vote. Hernandez, a College of...


LONGMEADOW — Continuing a journey of transformation that started years ago, Jewish Geriatric Services, Inc. (JGS) has announced that the organization is launching a rebranding campaign featuring the new name JGS Lifecare, a redesigned logo, website and a refreshed brand identity.
The new brand reflects a broader range of services and programs for a diverse population of ages, income levels and health statuses. "Using the acronym 'JGS' leverages an established and respected Jewish Geriatric Services brand, while 'Lifecare' sets the tone for a new point of view," said Susan Goldsmith, chair of the JGS Rebranding Committee. "It's a beautiful, human word that has an emotional story behind it," she added. The new name encompasses the organization's elder care services and facilities, home health and hospice care, assisted living, independent living, and rehabilitation services.
The new name and redesigned logo indicate what JGS Lifecare is and what the organization stands for. The new logo updates the existing Jewish Geriatric Services' tree mark into a beautiful and modern menorah with 'flames' of leaves.
The new website, JGSLifecare.org is designed to showcase the institution's mission, history, and comprehensive care and services and is organized to provide visitors with an easier way to learn about what JGS Lifecare does and how to get involved. The revamped site, the product of customer feedback and best practice research, features easier navigation, and expanded details about JGSLifecare's history and future. The new branding can be seen across all platforms and services over the next several months.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Officials claim Orlando Moore, 43, and Portia Ravenelle, 32, died as a result of their car crashing on their way to the airport.
Police in the Dominican Republic say alcohol, high speed and dark roads may have been factors in the deaths of a couple from New York vacationing on the island last month.
According to NBC-New York, DR investigators believe that the vacationing couple—Orlando Moore, 41, and Portia Ravenelle, 52—may have been running late when they were speeding along a dark stretch of road before their car sped off the road and into the water. It's also been reported that surveillance video shows the couple drinking before they left for the airport.
It's unclear if any toxicology reports support this theory.
As we previously reported, the couple's bodies were found last week.
Authorities believe their rental car plunged into the Caribbean Sea on March 27 as they were on their way to the airport to catch their flight home.
Meanwhile, two U.S. representatives from New York, Representatives Eliot Engel and Adriano Espaillat, have called for an FBI investigation into the couple's deaths.
Orlando Moore's family and friends have since started a GoFundMe campaign to have his remains brought back to the United States.
This is a developing story and we will provide updates when made available.


Cameron Sino battery will give your old stuff a new life! Fit Model BLU V0070, V0070UU, V0090, Vivo, VIVO 5R, VIVO XL 2, VIVO XL II Original battery Part Number BLU BL-N3150Z Capacity 3150mAh Please ensure both model and battery part number are matched with your device before purchasing.
This is a Generic / Aftermarket Heavy Duty Cable with no markings or part numbers. Please make sure your scan tool is listed before you buy to make sure this cable works for you. Do not buy only based on looks as OBDII cables may externally look the same, but are internally wired different depending on scan tool model. Important: Cables are wear items. Many intermittent problems are a result of a worn cable. Keep a spare cable available to determine if an intermittent problem is from a worn cable and to use as a replacement. Properly dispose of damaged cables.
Replacement 5 pairs of interchangeable tips for Convertible retaining ring pliers 3150. Tip set: .024" straight; .038" straight; .038" 90 degree; .047" straight; .047" 90 degree; 2 mm hex key.
This is a 3 1/2 quart stoneware replacement pot insert for Rival models 3150 and 3150/2 slow cookers. It is green in color.
Black steel bracelet band for the Luminox evo seal dive series watches and anniversary series 3051, 3053, 3055, 3059, 3067, 3951, 3953, 3955, 3957, 3959, 3963, 8802, 8813, 815, 8817.
This is a Rival Crock Pot slow cooker lid. It fits on models 3100, 3100/2, 3120, 3150 and 3250. It measures about 7 3/4" outside diameter and 7" lip to lip. It is made from clear plastic.
Shopping Results for "3150 Replacement"


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AccuServe Plumbing And Drain of Eastvale
AccuServe Plumbing And Drain is a Plumber's company made up of experts based here in Eastvale California. We've happily served the local Eastvale community for several years and therefore look forward towards a long and also thriving relationship.
If you're thinking of remodeling or building a new residence, plumbing is a key element of construction. Without it, the entire construction would come to a screeching stop. You can use plumbing for septic tank pumping, drainage, and other purposes. Understanding what plumbers do will help you save money on work that isn't required. Understanding the fundamentals of what a plumber is can help you decide whether you'll need one.
When you have a plumbing issue, you should first know how the plumber can help you. The cost of plumbing services ranges from 45 up to hundreds of dollars based on the kind of damage and the cause of the issue. On average, an average repair for plumbing can cost from $ 316 up to $773 and an average repair cost ranging from $177 to over a thousand dollars. Extra supplies such as travel time, emergencies can be added onto the bill by plumbers. These elements can all add up to the amount charged, especially when there is more than one person involved in the plumbing issue.
The most common repairs are made for toilet clogs and blockages. While the majority of plumbers can manage these issues, if you have the toilet that isn't operating or is leaking then it is advised to seek out a professional. Another plumbing issue that plumbers can address is installing new toilets as well as pipes. These include issues with the seat, the depth of the bowl, the toilet seat height, and installation of the accessories, such as spouts and drains. A majority of plumbers would recommend an plumber over a handyman in the case of toilet installations because of safety concerns.
Plumbing problems can be expensive in particular if there's damage to structural plumbing systems such as ceilings, floors, walls, and windows. Although most structural damage must be repaired, there are some solutions to fix structural issues. Sealants and additives are available at local hardware stores and plumbing supply stores. To prevent further damage, plumbers recommend the use of non-corrosive cleaning products. This is a reference to leaks, burst pipes, and pipe bursts.
Leakage of underground water pipes is a plumbing issue plumbers often address. Before a plumber is able to repair them, the pipes must be brought up to the surface by using caulk or insulation. A plumber could suggest digging a basement in order to fix a leaky pipe. However, this is risky as it involves accessing the basement and could pose risk to both workers and pets. The safest way to fix the leaky pipe is to either send the heater to the store or repair the pipe on your own.
Leaky pipes and pipe bursts could cause serious destruction to structures. It is crucial to call a plumber to examine any damaged, burst, or slow-flowing pipes. Installing waterproofing layers under your ground and soil will be the first thing to do when you notice cracks in the foundation. If your plumber can restore your home to its original state they'll also suggest preventative maintenance methods, including the proper use of sealants around drains and pipes in order to avoid water damage and also to prevent future water damage.
Call us today when you are searching for an experienced Plumber, listed here are our contact information.
7056 Archibald Ave, Eastvale, CA 92880, United States
Proline Plumbing And Rooter of Norco
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Fierce Plumbing of Ontario
2949 E Big Range Rd, Ontario, CA 91761, United States
Gibson Plumbing Inc of Norco
679 Sixth St, Norco, CA 92860, United States
Bonanza Plumbing Inc of Norco
2259 Hamner Ave, Norco, CA 92860, United States
Roto Rooter Plumbing And Water Cleanup of Corona
1501 Railroad St, Corona, CA 92878, United States
Best Service Plumber of Corona
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Champion Plumbing and Drain Specialist of Corona
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AAP Home Services of Riverside
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Eds Plumbing and Rooter of Riverside
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They skipped the slopes to take a stand.
A crowd of celebrities and citizens mingled Saturday at an anti-Trump march in Park City, Utah, led by comedian/talk show host Chelsea Handler on the first Saturday of the Sundance Film Festival.
"Chelsea! Chelsea!" chanted women in the crowd that trekked along Main St., where snow fell and temperatures dipped into the low 20s.
Handler addressed the crowd, which police estimated at 8,000.
"This is not 1917, this is 2017," she said. "We shouldn't have to fight for progress we've already made, but we're ready to. It's our responsibility to take care of the next generation."
The march was organized by a group of movie industry professionals who didn't want their festival trip to preclude them from joining the worldwide marches against President Trump.
"No one wanted to miss out on the movement," said Lisa Zambri, 37, an executive producer from Los Angeles. "We wanted to be a presence here. ... This came first."
Actress Connie Britton, in Park City for her new movie, "Beatriz at Dinner," was joined by fellow A-listers John Legend, Kevin Bacon, Charlize Theron and Benjamin Bratt.
"I was a little sad not to be in D.C.," said Britton, referring to the Washington march that drew a half-million protesters. "But I could really feel the energy of everyone at all of the rallies across the U.S."
Britton, joined by comedian Aisha Tyler, urged the women in the crowd to "fight like a girl." Others in the crowd wore stickers reading "I'm With Meryl" on their jackets — a reference to Oscar-winner Meryl Streep's criticism of Trump at the Golden Globes.
A half-dozen women wearing pink knitted "p---yhats" rode in the back of a pickup truck among the marchers.
"It feels like we shouldn't have to be doing this," said Park City resident Patricia Kempton.
Marcher Sharon Mardula agreed: "It feels like we're going backwards."
Sara Ventiera is reporting in Park City, Utah.


text:
package net.cubespace.tenjava.Listener;

import net.cubespace.tenjava.TenJavaPlugin;
import org.bukkit.event.EventHandler;
import org.bukkit.event.Listener;
import org.bukkit.event.player.PlayerJoinEvent;

/**
 * @author geNAZt (fabian.fassbender42@googlemail.com)
 * @date Last changed: 07.12.13 18:08
 */
public class PlayerJoin implements Listener {
    @EventHandler
    public void onPlayerJoin(PlayerJoinEvent event) {
        if(!TenJavaPlugin.getMonsterManager().hasMonster(event.getPlayer())) {
            TenJavaPlugin.getMonsterManager().createNewMonster(event.getPlayer(), TenJavaPlugin.getConfigManager().getExact(0));
        }

        TenJavaPlugin.getEntityManager().spawnMonster(event.getPlayer());
    }
}


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Combine whites with dark colours. Just as your chair is small, does not mean you need to run out of dark colors. Buy a vanity or cabinet with dark colour. It will be interesting if it is put in a light-color chair. Just like we all understand a chair is the place where we can hide, possess relaxation, operate away for a little while from routines and stress, it is a must to have the correct colour for it, especially in case our chair is little. With luck, this article of small chair paint colours can help you pick the right one for yours.
This name of All Things Cedar AA21U Adirondack Chair Rustic is gallery form Rustic Adirondack Chairs. Wish you can find your picture here as inspiration from our gallery here.


John Hale is a founding member of the TU Institute of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (IBCB), and a faculty research scholar in the Institute for Information Security (iSec). His research has been funded by the US Air Force, the National Science Foundation (NSF), the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), the National Security Agency (NSA), and the National Institute of Justice (NIJ). These projects include research in the fields of information assurance and bioinformatics. He has testified before Congress on three separate occasions as an information security expert, and in 2004 was awarded a patent on technology he co-developed to thwart digital piracy on file sharing networks. In 2000, Hale earned a prestigious NSF CAREER award for his educational and research contributions to the field of information assurance.
Kong, Liang, Gavin Bauer, and John Hale. "Robust Wireless Signal Indoor Localization." Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience 27.11 (2015): 2839–2850. Print.
*Staggs, J., *Beyer, R., *Mol, M., *Fisher, M., Brummel, B., & Hale, J. (2014). A perceptual taxonomy of contextual cues for cyber trust. Proceeding of the Colloquium for Information System Security Education (CISSE), 2, 152-169.
The Access of Things: Spatial Access Control for. Handbook of Research on Progressive Trends in Wireless Communications and Networking, 2014, p. 189.
Using Hybrid Attack Graphs to Model and Analyze Attacks Against the Critical Information Infrastructure. Critical Information Infrastructure Protection and Resilience in the ICT Sector, 2013, p. 173.
Matlock, M., N. Schimke, L. Kong, S. Macke, and J. Hale. Systematic Redaction for Neuroimage Data. Vol. 3, International journal of computational models and algorithms in medicine, 2012.
Hawrylak, P., N. Schimke, J. Hale, and M. Papa. Security Risks Associated With Radio Frequency Identification in Medical Environments. Vol. 36, Journal of Medical Systems Special Issue on Radio Frequency Identification in the Healthcare Sector: Applications, Business Models, Drivers and Challenges, 2012, pp. 3491-05.
Schimke, Nakeisha, and John Hale. "Neuroimage Data Sets: Rethinking Privacy Policies." Proceedings of the 3rd USENIX conference on Health Security and Privacy, USENIX Association (2012): 301–308. Print.
RFID in E-Health: Technology, Implementation. Telemedicine and E-Health Services, Policies, and Applications: Advancements and Developments: Advancements and Developments, 2012, p. 347.
Kuehler, M., N. Schimke, and J. Hale. Privacy Considerations for Electronic Health Records. Privacy protection measures and technologies in business organizations: Aspects and standards. IGI Global, 2011, pp. 210–226.
Schimke, N., and J. Hale. Quickshear Defacing for Neuroimages. Proceedings of the 2nd USENIX conference on Health security and privacy, 2011, pp. 11–11.
Roberts, W., C. Johnson, and J. Hale. Transparent Emergency Data Destruction. Proceeding of the 5th International Conference Information Warfare and Security, 2010, p. 271.
Manes, G., J. Johnson, A. Barclay, M. Harvey, E. Downing, and J. Hale. Issues and Techniques for Redacting PDF Files. Vol. 2, Journal of Digital Forensic Practice, 2008, pp. 113–116.
Greer, D., J. Mulenex, J. Hale, and G. Manes. Education for Cyber Crime Investigators. Proceedings of the Conference on Digital Forensics, Security and Law, 2007, p. 139.
Hale, J., and P. Brusil. Secur (e/Ity) Management: A Continuing Uphill Climb. Vol. 15, Journal of Network and Systems Management, 2007, pp. 525–553.
Manes, G., L. Watson, A. Barclay, D. Greer, and J. Hale. Towards Redaction of Digital Information from Electronic Devices. Proceedings of the Conference on Digital Forensics, Security and Law, 2007, pp. 197–203.
Kissinger, A., and J. Hale. Lopol: A Deductive Database Approach to Policy Analysis and Rewriting. 2006 Security Enhanced Linux Symposium, 2006.
Marks, D., and J. Hale. Security Service Packages: Partitioning the Security Space. Vol. 2, Journal of Information Privacy and Security, 2006, pp. 30–44.
Brusil, P., J. Hale, M. Kabay, G. Padmavathi, S. Annadurai, L. Gaspary, E. Meneghetti, J. Dawkins, K. Clark, and G. Manes. Forthcoming Contributions. Vol. 13, Journal of Network and Systems Management, 2005.
Brusil, P., and J. Hale. The Shifting Sands of Security Management. Vol. 13, Journal of Network and Systems Management, 2005, pp. 241–245.
2004 Cumulative Index. Vol. 47, Business Horizons, 2004, p. 85.
Hale, J., and P. Brusil. Guest Editorial: Secur (e/Ity) Management: Two Sides of the Same Coin. Vol. 12, Journal of Network and Systems Management, 2004, pp. 1–8.
Susceptibility Audits: A Tool for Safeguarding Information Assets. Vol. 47, Business Horizons, 2004, pp. 59–66.
Hale, J., M. Papa, and S. Shenoi. Programmable Access Control. Vol. 11, Journal of Computer Security, 2003, pp. 331–351.
Dawkins, J., C. Campbell, and J. Hale. Modeling Network Attacks: Extending the Attack Tree Paradigm. Workshop on Statistical and Machine Learning Techniques in Computer Intrusion Detection, 2002, pp. 75–86.
Galiasso Paris, P. A Policy Mediation Architecture for Multi-Enterprise Environments. The University of Tulsa, 2001.
Mauricio, P., O. Bremer, H. John, and S. Shenoi. Formal Analysis of E-Commerce Protocols. Vol. 84, IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Information and Systems, 2001, pp. 1313–1323.
Papa, M., O. Bremer, J. Hale, and S. Shenoi. IEICE/IEEE Joint Special Issue on Autonomous Decentralized Systems and Systems' Assurance-PAPERS-Electronic Commerce-Formal Analysis of E-Commerce Protocols. Vol. 84, IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems, 2001, pp. 1313–1323.
Tidwell, T., R. Larson, K. Fitch, and J. Hale. Modeling Internet Attacks. Vol. 59, Proceedings of the 2001 IEEE Workshop on Information Assurance and security, 2001.
Packet Sniffing for Automated Chat Room Monitoring and Evidence Preservation. Vol. 2, Workshop on Information Assurance and Security, 2001, p. 1045.
Lorenz, G., T. Moore, G. Manes, J. Hale, and S. Shenoi. "Securing Ss7 Telecommunications Networks". Second IEEE Systems, Man and Cybernetics Information Assurance Workshop, 2001.
Hale, J., J. Threet, and S. Shenoi. A Ticket-Based Access Control Architecture for Object Systems. Vol. 8, Journal of Computer Security, 2000, pp. 43–65.
Lorenz, G., G. Manes, J. Hale, D. Marks, K. Davis, and S. Shenoi. Characterization of Attacks on Public Telephone Networks [4232-19]. PROCEEDINGS-SPIE THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 2000, pp. 93–103.
Jones, C., J. Hall, and J. Hale. Secure Distributed Database Mining: Principles of Design. Advances in Distributed and Parallel Knowledge Discovery, 2000, pp. 277–294.
Bakken, D., D. Karr, C. Jones, and J. Hale. The Voting Virtual Machine: A Flexible Mechanism for Collating Replicated Client Requests and Server Replies. FTCS-29 FastAbstract Proceedings, IEEE, 1999.
Hale, J. Thirteenth Annual IFIP Working Group 11.3 Conference on Database Security. 1999.
Hale, J., J. Threet, and S. Shenoi. Capability-Based Primitives for Access Control in Object-Oriented Systems. Vol. 11, DATABASE SECURITY, 1998, pp. 134–150.
Threet, J., J. Hale, and S. Shenoi. A Process Calculus for Distributed Objects. 1996.
Hale, J., and S. Shenoi. Analyzing FD Inference in Relational Databases. Vol. 18, Data & Knowledge Engineering, 1996, pp. 167–183.
Hale, J. Seamless and Secure Interoperation of Heterogeneous Distributed Objects. 1996.
Hale, J., and S. Shenoi. Catalytic Inference Analysis Using Fuzzy Relations. Vol. 2, Proceedings of the 6th International Fuzzy Systems Association World Congress, IFSA, 1995, p. 413.
Hale, J., S. Shenoi, and K. Hall. Imprecise Database Inference Using Functional Dependencies. Advances in fuzzy theory and technology, Duke University, 1995, pp. 307–326.
Schimke, N., M. Kuehler, and J. Hale. On Resolving Privacy in Deidentified Neuroimages.
Louthan, G., and J. Hale. SAND: An Architecture for Signature-Based Automatic Network Protocol Detection.
Kong, L., J. Hale, and D. Greer. Spatial Identity Awareness for Collaborative Environments.
"Methodology to Estimate Attack Graph System State from a Simulation of a Nuclear Research Reactor". 2018 Resilience Week (RWS), IEEE, 2018, pp. 84-87.
"Automatic Generation of Attack Scripts from Attack Graphs". 2018 1st International Conference on Data Intelligence and Security (ICDIS), 2018, pp. 267-74.
"Competitive Learning Environment for Cyber-Physical System Security Experimentation". 2018 1st International Conference on Data Intelligence and Security (ICDIS), 2018, pp. 211-8.
"Introducing Priority into Hybrid Attack Graphs". Proceedings of the 12th Annual Conference on Cyber and Information Security Research, ACM, 2017, pp. 12:1–12:4.
"Simulation and Analysis Framework for Cyber-Physical Systems". Proceedings of the 12th Annual Conference on Cyber and Information Security Research, ACM, 2017, pp. 7:1–7:4.
"Undergraduate Educational Pathways for Developing a High-Performance Computing Workforce". Proceedings of the Practice and Experience in Advanced Research Computing 2017 on Sustainability, Success and Impact, ACM, 2017, pp. 53:1–53:4.
"Verifying Attack Graphs through Simulation". 2017 Resilience Week (RWS), 2017, pp. 64-67.
"Network Modeling for Security Analytics". Proceedings of the 11th Annual Cyber and Information Security Research Conference, ACM, 2016, pp. 22:1–22:4.
"Scalable Attack Graph Generation". Proceedings of the 11th Annual Cyber and Information Security Research Conference, ACM, 2016, pp. 21:1–21:4.
Chris Reynolds, Charles Bales, Will Nichols, Casey Strong, John Hale, Mauricio Papa, Peter J. Hawrylak, "Cyber-Security Experimentation Platform for Instrumentation and Control Systems in a Nuclear Reactor," Advances in Nuclear Nonproliferation Technology & Policy Conference, Sept. 25-30, 2016, Santa Fe, NM, US., 4 pages.
"Hybrid Extensions for Stateful Attack Graphs". Proceedings of the 9th Annual Cyber and Information Security Research Conference, ACM, 2014, pp. 101–104.
Kong, Liang, Gavin Bauer, and John Hale. "Location-Based Device Grouping for Function Restriction." Proceedings of the 9th Annual Cyber and Information Security Research Conference. 2014. 113–116. Print.
"Implementing Graceful RFID Privilege Reduction". Proceedings of the Eighth Annual Cyber Security and Information Intelligence Research Workshop, ACM, 2013, pp. 54:1–54:4.
"Using Hybrid Attack Graphs to Model Cyber-Physical Attacks in the Smart Grid". Resilient Control Systems (ISRCS), 2012 5th International Symposium on, 2012, pp. 161-4.
"Graceful Privilege Reduction in RFID Security". Proceedings of the Seventh Annual Workshop on Cyber Security and Information Intelligence Research, ACM, 2011, pp. 47:1–47:1.
Harbort, Z., G. Louthan, and J. Hale. "Techniques for Attack Graph Visualization and Interaction". Proceedings of the Seventh Annual Workshop on Cyber Security and Information Intelligence Research, 2011, p. 74.
"Toward Hybrid Attack Dependency Graphs". Proceedings of the Seventh Annual Workshop on Cyber Security and Information Intelligence Research, ACM, 2011, pp. 62:1–62:1.
Louthan, G., W. Roberts, M. Butler, and J. Hale. "The Blunderdome: An Offensive Exercise for Building Network, Systems, and Web Security Awareness.". CSET, 2010.
Gehres, P., N. Singleton, G. Louthan, and J. Hale. "Toward Sensitive Information Redaction in a Collaborative, Multilevel Security Environment". Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Wikis and Open Collaboration, 2010, p. 15.
Louthan, G., B. Deetz, M. Walker, and J. Hale. "Content-Based Alternatives to Conventional Network Monitoring Systems". Proceedings of the 5th Annual Workshop on Cyber Security and Information Intelligence Research: Cyber Security and Information Intelligence Challenges and Strategies, 2009, p. 67.
Louthan, G., C. McMillan, C. Johnson, and J. Hale. "Toward Robust and Extensible Automatic Protocol Identification.". International Conference on Internet Computing, 2009, pp. 104–108.
Clark, K., E. Singleton, S. Tyree, and J. Hale. "Strata-Gem: Risk Assessment through Mission Modeling". Proceedings of the 4th ACM Workshop on Quality of Protection, 2008, pp. 51–58.
Manes, G., L. Watson, E. Downing, A. Barclay, D. Greer, and J. Hale. "A Framework for Redacting Digital Information from Electronic Devices". Information Assurance and Security Workshop, 2007. IAW'07. IEEE SMC, 2007, pp. 56–60.
Clark, K., C. Lee, S. Tyree, and J. Hale. "Guiding Threat Analysis With Threat Source Models". Information Assurance and Security Workshop, 2007. IAW'07. IEEE SMC, 2007, pp. 262–269.
Clark, K., J. Dawkins, and J. Hale. "Security Risk Metrics: Fusing Enterprise Objectives and Vulnerabilities". Information Assurance Workshop, 2005. IAW'05. Proceedings from the Sixth Annual IEEE SMC, 2005, pp. 388–393.
Dawkins, J., and J. Hale. "A Systematic Approach to Multi-Stage Network Attack Analysis". Information Assurance Workshop, 2004. Proceedings. Second IEEE International, 2004, pp. 48–56.
Clark, K., S. Tyree, J. Dawkins, and J. Hale. "Qualitative and Quantitative Analytical Techniques for Network Security Assessment". Information Assurance Workshop, 2004. Proceedings from the Fifth Annual IEEE SMC, 2004, pp. 321–328.
Davis, N., P. Holloway, and J. Hale. "SILT: Integrated Logging Management for Security-Enhanced Linux". Information Assurance Workshop, 2004. Proceedings from the Fifth Annual IEEE SMC, 2004, pp. 298–305.
Manes, G., J. Dawkins, S. Shenoi, and J. Hale. "Identifying and Tracking Attacks on Networks: C3I Displays and Related Technologies". AeroSense 2003, 2003, pp. 105–113.
Lorenz, G., G. Manes, J. Hale, D. Marks, K. Davis, and S. Shenoi. "Characterization of Attacks on Public Telephone Networks". Enabling Technologies for Law Enforcement, 2001, pp. 93–103.
J. Edmonds, M. Papa, J. Hale, and S. Shenoi, "Modeling and Verifying Protocols with Key Chaining," Proceedings of the Third Annual Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IEEE) Information Assurance Workshop, West Point, New York, June 2001.
Sercel, J., and J. Hale. "A Strategy to Develop Robust Capabilities for Wireless Aerospace Expeditionary Force (AEF) C 3 I Requirements". Aerospace Conference Proceedings, 2000 IEEE, Vol. 1, 2000, pp. 157–170.
Papa, M., O. Bremer, R. Chandia, J. Hale, and S. Shenoi. "Extending Java for Package Based Access Control". Computer Security Applications, 2000. ACSAC'00. 16th Annual Conference, 2000, pp. 67–76.
Galiasso, P., O. Bremer, J. Hale, S. Shenoi, D. Ferraiola, and V. Hu. "Policy Mediation for Multi-Enterprise Environments". Computer Security Applications, 2000. ACSAC'00. 16th Annual Conference, 2000, pp. 100–106.
Hale, J., P. Galiasso, M. Papa, and S. Shenoi. "Security Policy Coordination for Heterogeneous Information Systems". Acsac, 1999, p. 219.
Berryman, M., C. Rummel, M. Papa, J. Hale, J. Threet, and S. Shenoi. "An Environment for Developing Securely Interoperable Heterogeneous Distributed Objects". Proceedings of the IFIP TC11 WG11. 3 Eleventh International Conference on Database Securty XI: Status and Prospects, 1997, pp. 385–388.
Hale, J., and S. Shenoi. "Catalytic Inference Analysis: Detecting Inference Threats Due to Knowledge Discovery". Security and Privacy, 1997. Proceedings., 1997 IEEE Symposium on, 1997, pp. 188–199.
Hale, J., J. Threet, and S. Shenoi. "A Framework for High Assurance Security of Distributed Objects". in Database Security, X: Status and Prospects, 1996.
Rath, S., D. Jones, J. Hale, and S. Shenoi. "A Tool for Inference Detection and Knowledge Discovery in Databases". Proceedings of the Ninth Annual IFIP TC11 WG11. 3 Working Conference on Database Security IX: Status and Prospects: Status and Prospects, 1996, pp. 317–332.
Hale, J., and S. Shenoi. "Catalyzing Database Inference With Fuzzy Relations". Uncertainty Modeling and Analysis, 1995, and Annual Conference of the North American Fuzzy Information Processing Society. Proceedings of ISUMA-NAFIPS'95., Third International Symposium on, 1995, pp. 408–413.
Corcoran, A., and J. Hale. "A Genetic Algorithm for Fragment Allocation in a Distributed Database System". Proceedings of the 1994 ACM Symposium on Applied Computing, 1994, pp. 247–250.
Hale, J., J. Threet, and S. Shenoi. "A Practical Formalism for Imprecise Inference Control". Proceedings of the 8th IFIP WG11. 3 Workshop on Database Security, 1994.
Hale, J., S. Finnerty, and S. Shenoi. "Analysing Inference in Fuzzy Database Systems". Fuzzy Systems, 1994. IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence., Proceedings of the Third IEEE Conference on, 1994, pp. 331–336.
Sen, S., M. Sekaran, and J. Hale. "Learning to Coordinate Without Sharing Information". AAAI, 1994, pp. 426–431.
Atluri, Vijay, and John Hale. Research Advances in Database and Information Systems Security: IFIP TC11 WG11. 3 Thirteenth Working Conference on Database Security July 25–28, 1999, Seattle, Washington, USA. Vol. 43. Springer, 2013. Print.
Atluri, V., and J. Hale. Special Issue on Database Security. IOS Press, 2000.
"Training Cyber Security Personnel". The Psychosocial Dynamics of Cyber Security, Routledge, 2016, pp. 217–239.
Medical Data Privacy Handbook. Springer International Publishing, 2015, pp. 549–567.
"The Use of Body-Area Networks and Radio Frequency Identification in Healthcare". Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, IGI Global, 2015, pp. 6318-26.
"The Access of Things: Spatial Access Control for the Internet of Things". Handbook of Research on Progressive Trends in Wireless Communications and Networking, IGI Global, 2014, pp. 189-07.
Techniques to Model and Derive a Cyber-attacker's Intelligence. Efficiency and Scalability Methods for Computational Intellect, 2013, pp. 162-80.
"RFID in E-Health: Technology, Implementation, and Security Issues". Telemedicine and E-Health Services, Policies and Applications: Advancements and Developments, IGI Global, 2012, pp. 347-68.
"Security Issues for ISO 18000-6 Type C RFID: Identification and Solutions". Developments in Wireless Network Prototyping, Design and Deployment: Future Generations, IGI Global, 2012, pp. 38-55.
Kong, L., J. Hale, and D. Greer. "Spatial Identity Awareness: Towards Secure Collaborative Environments". 2012 International Conference on Collaboration Technologies and Systems (CTS), 2012.
G. Louthan, J. Daily, J. Hale, M. Papa, and P. Hawrylak, "Attack Graphs and Scenario Driven Wireless Computer Network Defense," to appear in Situational Awareness in Computer Network Defense: Principles, Methods and Applications, IGI Global, Hershey, PA, 2011.
Schimke, N., M. Kuehler, and J. Hale. "Preserving Privacy in Structural Neuroimages". Data and Applications Security and Privacy XXV, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011, pp. 301–308.
Tyree, S., R. Kuplicki, T. Sarratt, S. Fujan, and J. Hale. "GridSPiM: A Framework for Simple Locality and Containment in the Stochastic $π$-Calculus". Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009, pp. 409–423.
Barclay, A., L. Watson, D. Greer, J. Hale, and G. Manes. "Redacting Digital Information from Electronic Devices". Advances in Digital Forensics III, Springer New York, 2007, pp. 205–214.
Magill, S., B. Skaggs, M. Papa, and J. Hale. "Implementation and Verification of Programmable Security". Research Directions in Data and Applications Security, Springer US, 2003, pp. 285–299.
Papa, M., O. Bremer, J. Hale, and S. Shenoi. "Integrating Logics and Process Calculi for Cryptographic Protocol Analysis". Security and Privacy in the Age of Uncertainty, Springer US, 2003, pp. 349–360.
Campbell, C., J. Dawkins, B. Pollet, K. Fitch, J. Hale, and M. Papa. "On Modeling Computer Networks for Vulnerability Analysis". Research Directions in Data and Applications Security, Springer US, 2003, pp. 233–244.
Lorenz, G., J. Keller, G. Manes, J. Hale, and S. Shenoi. "Public Telephone Network Vulnerabilities". Database and Application Security XV, Springer US, 2002, pp. 151–164.
Hale, J., R. Chandia, C. Campbell, M. Papa, and S. Shenoi. "Language Extensions for Programmable Security". Data and Application Security, Springer US, 2001, pp. 221–232.
Papa, M., O. Bremer, S. Magill, J. Hale, and S. Shenoi. "Simulation and Analysis of Cryptographic Protocols". Data and Application Security, Springer US, 2001, pp. 89–100.
Hale, J., M. Papa, and S. Shenoi. "Programmable Security for Object-Oriented Systems". Database Security XII, Springer US, 1999, pp. 109–123.
Hale, John, Maurico Papa, and David Greer. Security Engineering and Educational Initiatives for Critical Information Infrastructures. TULSA UNIV OK, 2013. Print.
Hale, J., and G. Manes. Method to Inhibit the Identification and Retrieval of Proprietary Media via Automated Search Engines Utilized in Association With Computer Compatible Communications Network. 2004.
Hale, J. Light Propagation Extensions for Bidirectional Ray Tracing. University of Tulsa, 1992.


If you are going to photograph me anyway, let's do it right.
The beach is a lot of fun.
They have sand, but it is yucky!
You have to wear magic slippers.
Let's take them over there.
to go into the water though.
Well, it is fun Grandma.
of fun to play in.
A little free time to read.
It was just a trip to the beach.


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Successful group work and meaningful science learning only take place when students collectively construct a triple problem solving space as they work on inquiry and engineering design tasks in high school biology. The group must attend to and develop the "cognitive" dimension (the problem to be solved), the "social/relational" dimension (the challenges based on social interactions within the group), and the "affective" dimension (the emotional life of the group). Results suggest that all three dimensions have to be collectively developed and maintained during group work. If groups fail to manage any of the three collective elements, group collaboration is unsuccessful and science learning is minimal.
May 16, 2016 | 08:57 p.m.
1) Is small group work an essential part of learning science and engineering at the high school level?
2) If so, should science teachers teach students how to work effectively in groups or should students learn it some other way?
May 17, 2016 | 08:53 a.m.
Project asks very interesting questions about collaborative STEM learning. The graphics display the multi-dimensional approach being used in the research. I'd love to see more of the videos, and learn more about the video analysis process. What are the criteria you use to color-code the videos during your analysis?
May 19, 2016 | 12:21 p.m.
Unfortunately, our consent forms were not written to allow us to contribute the raw videos to a video data bank for secondary analysis. We are using short clips in conference presentations, and ideally will publish some results in online journals that would allow readers to link to the clip we refer to in the article.
I will say that working with video (100s of hours worth) has taken more time than we thought. We are not doing full transcriptions (audio is difficult to discern sometimes in any event), but rather are relying on "elaborated running records" for qualitative analysis, and the sequence analysis approach to quantize the qualitative video data.
The color coding we showed for our "sequence analysis" of group process is based on our coding of the group's level of behavioral, cognitive and social engagement. The sequence analysis is being led by one of our doctoral students, Miancheng Guo, who is particularly looking at sequence patterns for gender sub-groups for his dissertation. Thanks for your interest, Richard!
May 19, 2016 | 04:53 p.m.
I think the field of STEM media producers might be very interested in a paper on the methodology alone, separate from your findings. Good opportunity for Miancheng Guo to get a publication!
May 20, 2016 | 04:13 p.m.
Yes Richard, I will cherish this opportunity. Also, thanks for mentioning that the field of STEM media producers could be a direction to go!
May 18, 2016 | 10:59 a.m.
This project provides an interesting lens on learning in groups. Of course, the biggest problem with groups involves the roles students take on and how the roles are adopted and rotated. Freeloading and dominating are common problems that can interfere with learning. If you pick groups at random, you may not learn much new from malfunctioning groups. How are you dealing with this problems?
May 19, 2016 | 11:31 a.m.
We put students into groups based on their level of interest in biology and the biology class (low vs. high interest). Students' interest was assessed with a short questionnaire at the beginning of the school year; total scores determined low or high interest level.
We analyze group behavior in three dimensions (social/relational, affect, and cognitive), which allows us to understand what is happening in groups, who does what, who is "freeloading and dominating" and how this results in group dynamic.
May 18, 2016 | 02:01 p.m.
Fascinating questions, and sounds like you are gathering some really valuable data (I hope it's been written up someplace, I want to share it with some colleagues).
Have you based your work on comparable studies of expert teams? For example, you remark on the volatility (along all 3 dimensions), and my experience in small research groups of adults is that this is also a feature— perhaps the tempo is a bit slower but not always! I would wonder if intensity relates to condition of the task — that is, when people get into model-building (especially at the brainstorming or debugging stages), or when a possible breakthrough on a persistent problem seems to be emerging- that sort of thing.
May 19, 2016 | 11:37 a.m.
Thank you for you comment and we are happy that you are interested in reading more about our results and share it with your colleagues. We have a short paper published and more is in the pipeline.
The question of the task condition or type of task is something we are investigating (inquiry-based science vs. engineering design). We also look particularly within engineering design, how different steps of engineering design are related to group dynamics along all three dimensions. One of our doctoral students in our team is focusing his dissertation on this aspect.
May 22, 2016 | 02:16 p.m.
Yes Brian, in my preliminary study I did find patterns similar to what you described (I am the doctoral student that Martina mentioned), and I found that such variations were not only related to the specific engineering design steps, but also to the gender composition of the student group.
For example, in the case that I studied (four groups with different boy-girl ratios), in the conceptual design (brainstorming) step both girls' and boys' behavioral, emotional and cognitive engagement levels were high, but when the groups entered into embodiment design (construction of prototype), in gender-parity and female-minority groups boys got even more active with some typical male-pattern behaviors while in contrast girls' emotional and cognitive engagement levels obviously faded.
May 18, 2016 | 02:04 p.m.
I have one thought about "teaching small group work." Purely from observation over the years: Most of such teaching is fairly artificial, aiming at division of labor in some at-first-reasonable but in-fact-not-functional way. But having the students discuss their team's functioning from time to time, according to a few key criteria, as sometimes happens in the workforce or on sports teams, etc. could equip them to create their own balances. The longer I work in teams, the more I realize how team health is a whole project in itself!
May 19, 2016 | 12:32 p.m.
Yes, this project is very much confirming that idea for me as well, even if kids have been working in small groups since elementary school. The support needed for good group functioning needs to be tailored to developmental level, I think, and probably to subject too. So… how a teacher supports 3rd graders would be different than 9th graders, and how one supports group work in math or English differs from science (and engineering design).
About the 'artificiality' — I think kids too sort of know these days how to make their group seem "reasonable." And they know that the work is supposed to be shared, and that they're supposed to brainstorm. It's been interesting to compare what group members say about their group functioning in focus group interviews versus what we as researchers saw in the videos.
May 18, 2016 | 03:16 p.m.
Wow! I also would like to see the results of the study. How did you come up with the rubric for your sequence analysis to code these processes? What is the role of student interaction? Is student talk (science discourse or engineering discourse) also considered in the design? I remember long ago when I was observed by a principal and found my class 'too noisy' for learning to happen. I was in fact having students work in groups and the discourse was all about the lab they had just done. I scolded him back because he didn't stop to listen to what the students were talking about.
I applaud you efforts and look forward to your results.
May 19, 2016 | 12:28 p.m.
We're working on inter-rater reliability for the sequence analysis, but the basic coding at the moment is level of engagement (100% of group, 75%, etc) — and we look at behavioral engagement, social and cognitive engagement. The social engagement piece would definitely involve interaction between students — could be talk, but also looking at each other, etc.
I completely agree that when the groups really get going — really talking to each other, exploring materials, etc, not just checking in with each other about how to fill out a worksheet — the room is noisy. We need to coach administrators about what academically productive science classrooms are like!


text:
Justia › US Law › US Case Law › US Supreme Court › Volume 93 › Badger v. United States ex Rel. Bolles
Badger v. United States ex Rel. Bolles, 93 U.S. 599 (1876)
Badger v. United States ex Rel. Bolles
93 U.S. 599
A supervisor, town clerk, or justice of the peace, although his resignation is tendered to and accepted by the proper authority, continues in office, and is not relieved from his duties and responsibilities as a member of the board of auditors under the township organization laws of the State of Illinois until his successor is appointed, or chosen and qualified.
On the seventh day of January, 1875, the relators filed in the Circuit Court for the Northern District of Illinois their petition for a writ of mandamus against the plaintiffs in error, alleging that, on May 7, 1874, they recovered, in said court, two judgments at law against the Town of Amboy, a municipal corporation under the township organization laws of the State of Illinois; that the supervisor, town clerk, and justices of the peace of the town constituted a board of auditors, not less than three being a quorum, whose duty it was to convene on the Tuesday preceding the second Tuesday of September, and on the Tuesday preceding the first Tuesday in April, in each year, to examine and audit town accounts that on the 29th of August, 1874, said board of auditors consisted of Chester Badger, the supervisor, Charles E. Ives, the town clerk, Lee Cronkrite, Oliver F. Warrener, Simon Badger, and William B. Andrus, justices of the peace of said town; that the relators on that day presented to said board a sworn statement that the judgments were just and unpaid, and should be audited and allowed; they also at the same time delivered to, and filed with, the clerk of the said town, a certified copy of said judgments, which the board neglected and refused to audit, and has refused ever since; that Chester Badger, Ives, Warrener, and Andrus pretended to
Page 93 U. S. 600
resign their offices, and would not discharge the duties thereof, but that no other person had been elected or appointed to succeed them; that the other two justices, Simon Badger and Cronkrite, to defeat the collection of said judgments, refused to act as such auditors, or meet and associate with the collector and assessor of said town to constitute a board of auditors, nor would they by appointment fill said alleged vacancies; that the acts of the parties aforesaid were to hinder and delay the collection of the judgments; that by reason of their said acts, relators have been unable to obtain the necessary levy and collection of taxes to pay said judgments, and that no provision has been made for the payment thereof by the said town. Relators pray for summons to award a mandamus against said parties, to compel them to audit said judgments.
The respondents filed their answer on the 2d of February, 1875. They admit that on the 29th of August, 1874, Chester Badger, supervisor, and Warrener and Andrus, justices of the peace, resigned their respective offices and that on the 31st of the same month, Ives, town clerk, also resigned. That, pursuant to the provisions of sec. 4, art. 10, of the township organization act of Illinois, Revised Laws 1874, p. 1079, said resignations were made to and accepted by Cronkrite and Simon Badger, justices of the town, who forthwith gave notice to the town clerk of the resignation of Chester Badger, Andrus, and Warrener, and said clerk made a minute thereof upon the records of said town before he resigned his office. That the resignation of Ives, the town clerk, was likewise duly accepted, on the said thirty-first day of August, by said justices, and notice thereof entered upon the town records. Respondents insist that their resignations were tendered and accepted in good faith, and that thereby they ceased to be town officers. They admit that no successors have been elected or appointed, and that the remaining two justices of the peace will not act as town auditors, or associate with the collector and assessor of said town, nor have they filled said vacancies by appointment.
The relators demurred to the answer; which demurrer being sustained, and the respondents electing to stand by their answer, the court gave judgment in favor of the relators, and ordered a
peremptory mandamus to issue as prayed for in their petition. The respondents thereupon sued out this writ.
ERROR TO THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE UNITED
STATES FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF ILLINOIS
MR. JUSTICE HUNT delivered the opinion of the Court.
No part of the answer in our judgment requires consideration, except that which raises the point of the legality of the resignation of the parties named. If they had ceased to be officers of the town when the mandamus was issued, there may be difficulty in maintaining the order awarding a peremptory mandamus against them. If they were then such officers, the case presents no difficulty.
The alleged resignations of the supervisor and town clerk were accepted by the justices of the town; but their successors had not been qualified, nor, indeed, had they been chosen when the petition was filed. Does a supervisor, town clerk or justice of the peace of the State of Illinois cease to be an officer when his resignation is tendered to and accepted by a justice of the peace, or does he continue in office until his successor is chosen and qualified?
By the common law, as well as by the statutes of the United States, and the laws of most of the states, when the term of office to which one is elected or appointed expires, his power to perform its duties ceases. People v. Tilman, 8 Abb.Pr. 359; 30 Barb. 193. This is the general rule.
The term of office of a district attorney of the United States is fixed by statute at four years. When this four years comes round, his right or power to perform the duties of the office is at an end, as completely as if he had never held the office. Rev.Stat. sec. 769. A judge of the Court of Appeals of the State of New York, or a justice of the supreme court, is elected for a term of fourteen years, and takes his seat on the first day of January following his election. When the 14th of January thereafter is reached, he ceases to be a judicial officer, and can perform no one duty pertaining to the office. Whether a successor has been elected, or whether he has qualified, does not enter into the question. As to certain town officers, the rule is different. 1 Rev.Stat. (N.Y.) 340, sec. 30.
The system of the State of Illinois seems to be organized upon a different principle. Thus, the supreme court consists of seven judges, who are required to possess certain qualifications of age and of residence, and who are elected for the term of nine years (Code of Illinois, 1874, pp. 69, 70), at which time it is provided that the "term of office shall expire."
Circuit judges in like manner are elected for a term of six years. Id., p. 701. County judges and county clerks, probate judges and state's attorneys, are elected for the term of four years. Id., pp. 71, 72.
As to all of these officers, including judges, it is provided in the Constitution of Illinois that "they shall hold their offices until their successors shall be qualified." Id., p. 73, sec. 32. They may thus hold their offices much longer than the term for which they are elected.
The provisions as to town officers are of the same character. It is enacted, art. 7, sec. 61, p. 1075, that, at the town meeting in April of each year, there shall be elected in each town one supervisor and one town clerk, who shall hold their offices for one year, and until their successors are elected and qualified, and such justices of the peace as are provided by law.
Of justices of the peace, it is enacted that there shall be elected in each town not less than two nor more than five (depending upon the population of the town), who shall hold their offices "for four years, or until their successors are elected and qualified." P. 637, sec. 1.
The qualifying so often spoken of is defined as to town officers by art. 9, sec. 85:
"Qualifying. Every person elected or appointed to the office of supervisor, town clerk, &c., before he enters upon the duties of his office, and within ten days after he shall be notified of his election or appointment, shall take and subscribe, before some justice of the peace or town clerk, the oath or affirmation of office prescribed by the constitution, which shall, within eight days thereafter, be filed in the office of the town clerk."
Thus far it would seem plain that the office of a supervisor or town clerk could not be terminated until his successor subscribed and filed his oath of office, and that when the supervisor
and town clerk before us supposed that their offices were at an end by their resignations, they were in error.
There are two other provisions, which, it is supposed, have some bearing upon the point we are considering. Sec. 97, p. 1079, provides that whenever a vacancy occurs in a town office by death, resignation, removal from the town, or other cause, the justices may an appointment which shall continue during the unexpired term, and until others are elected or appointed in their places. By sec. 100, the justices of the town may, for sufficient cause shown to them, accept the resignation of any town officer, and notice thereof shall immediately be given to the town clerk.
A similar provision as to the elective officers of a higher grade is found in the statutes. By c. 46, sec. 124 et seq., p. 466, it is provided that resignations of elective offices may be made to the officer authorized to fill the vacancy or to order an election to fill it, and the various events which may cause a vacancy are defined. Governors, judges, clerks of courts, &c., are specifically referred to.
The provision as to these officers and as to the town offices are parts of the same system. The resignations may be made to and accepted by the officers named, but to become perfect they depend upon and must be followed by an additional fact, to-wit, the appointment of a successor, and his qualification. When it is said in the statute that the resignation may be thus accepted, it is like to the expiration of the term of office. In form, the office is thereby ended, but to make it effectual, it must be followed by the qualification of a successor.
Sec. 92 (p. 1078) is also referred to: "Town officers, except as otherwise provided, shall hold their offices for one year, and until others are elected or appointed in their places and are qualified." The term "otherwise provided" has reference to the original term fixed by law, and not to resignations or vacancies. Thus, justices hold for four years, supervisors and constables for one year, and should there be created or found to exist a town officer, and no provision be made as to the duration of his office, this section is intended to meet the case by fixing one year as such term. It has nothing to do with the case before us, further than it reiterates the rule
everywhere found in the statutes of Illinois, that such person shall serve not only for one year, but until his successor shall qualify.
People ex Rel. Williamson v. McHenry, 52 N.Y. 374, was the case of quo warranto to test the title to the office of collector of the Town of Flatbush, Kings County, N.Y. The defendant was elected such collector on the fifth day of April, 1870. On the fourth day of April, 1871, the relator was elected collector of the same town, but did not take or file an oath of office or execute the bond to the supervisors of the town. The board of supervisors recognized the defendant as the legal collector, and delivered to him the warrant for the collection of the taxes of 1871. To settle the dispute, the relator brought the suit referred to. The attempt of the defendant to sustain himself under an act of the legislature, extending the term of office of the collector of Kings County to three years, failed. The court held the act to be unconstitutional as to existing collectors. The defendant, however, succeeded in retaining the office, and had judgment that he was the legal collector; for the reason that although the relator was legally elected, he had failed to take the oath of office. The statute of New York as to town officers was in substance the same as that of the State of Illinois. It was as follows: "Town officers shall hold their offices for one year, and until others are chosen or appointed in their places, and have qualified."
In 6 Bissell 308 is found the opinion of Judge Blodgett in the case we have before us. He holds that a resignation does not relieve a supervisor or town clerk from the responsibilities of his office until a successor is appointed. We think such is the law.
In People v. Hopson, 1 Den. 574, and in People v. Nostrand, 46 N.Y. 382, it was said, that when a person sets up a title to property by virtue of an office, and comes into court to recover it, he must show an unquestionable right. It is not enough that he is an officer de facto, that he merely acts in the office; but he must be an officer de jure, and have a right to act. So, we think, where a person being in an office seeks to prevent the performance of its duties to a creditor of the town, by a hasty resignation, he must see that he resigns not only de facto, but
de jure; that he resigns his office not only, but that a successor is appointed. An attempt to create a vacancy at a time when such action is fatal to the creditor will not be helped out by the aid of the courts.