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'All Migrants Are Like Stray Dogs'
From our friends at
April 24th, 2017 / 12:18 PM
Story By: Purusottam Thakur
Kamla and other Paharias of Bolangir, Odisha, struggle to be recognized as Adivasis and access their rights
It has been 16 years since we first met Kamla Paharia, a tribal widow and mother of four, who lives in a mud hut on the farthest patch of Dhusamunda village of Bolangir district in Odisha. At the time, Kamla had appealed to the court of the judicial magistrate in Kantabanji to order the rescue of her two-year-old son Kautuk, forcibly retained by a brick kiln owner in Hyderabad.
The family belongs to the Paharia tribe, who are traditional basket-makers. They had migrated to the city looking for work, but Kamla had been pregnant and fell ill, and they were forced to return to the village. The kiln owner kept their child to ensure recovery of the advance money the family had taken from him.
The court ordered the police to rescue the child, and Kautuk returned home.
In the years since, little has changed for the Paharias, also known as the Kamar, who have been struggling to get the status of scheduled tribe in the eastern state of Odisha, whereas their counterparts in Chhattisgarh have been recognised as a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG). Kautuk, now 18, has no option but to become a migrant labourer himself. He works on construction sites in Mumbai.
"This is the second time since he left school in Class 8 that he has migrated to the city for work," says Kamla. "I pleaded with him to continue his education but he did not listen." Young men from the area say they prefer to work in the construction industry – it affords them more freedom and is less torturous than work at the brick kilns.
Kautuk is the eldest of Kamla's four children. Her daughters are all in school. Sakrabati, 14, is in Class 9, Chandrakanti is 13 and in Class 8, and 10-year-old Premalata is in Class 4. Chandrakanti and Premalata are in Kasturba Gandhi ashram schools, residential schools meant mainly for scheduled tribe and scheduled caste children. Chandrakanti too was at an ashram school, but now she lives at home and goes to a high school in a nearby village by bicycle.
"Kamla has struggled a lot but never gives up," says Bishnu Sharma, a local advocate, human rights activist and authority on migration issues in the region. "She fought the system to get her daughters admitted to the ashram schools. The authorities denied admission at first, saying the Paharias are not a scheduled tribe."
'Kamla has struggled a lot but never gives up,' says Bishnu Sharma, a local advocate and activist
Kamla collected documents which showed that their counterparts in Chhattisgarh are recognised as a PVTG. She got the collector of Nuapada to issue a letter asking the tahsildars and block development officers of the district to extend the benefits for scheduled tribes to the Paharias, citing the resolution passed by the department of ST and SC Development, government of Odisha. Confronted with these documents, the authorities silently admitted the girls.
Getting government documents and benefits has been an uphill task for Kamla
"It is very difficult to get the benefits provided by the government. But I want my children to get an education, so it does not matter if I have to continue struggling," says Kamla, 40, who has herself studied up to Class 6.
Dhusamunda village has a population of roughly 500. There are three or four families of Paharias, while the others include Yadavs and potters. It is known as a village of migrant labourers, with very few depending for their livelihood on agriculture and the collection of forest resources.
Kamla does not own land for cultivation; all she has is the small plot of homestead land bought for Rs. 3,000. A mud house was constructed on the land after the old one was damaged. She has not benefited from either the Indira Awas Yojana (a central government housing scheme for the rural poor) or the Odisha state government's Mo Kudia housing project for Below Poverty Line (BPL) families.
'I want my children to get an education, so it does not matter if I have to continue struggling'
"We have applied and are trying to get a house under the Mo Kudia scheme, but it is yet to be done. I do get a widow's pension of Rs. 300, however. We don't have a BPL card. We did earlier, but don't know why we have now been issued an APL (Above Poverty Line) card," Kamla says.
It is ironical that Kamla should not have a BPL card. She is a landless, tribal widow. Her only source of income is from the sale of the bamboo baskets she weaves. "Getting bamboo supplies is also a problem," she adds. "Some villagers have bamboo plants on their land, but they sell for as much as Rs. 40-50 per bamboo."
We also met Kamla's sister-in-law Sumitra Paharia. Sumitra's family also makes the traditional bamboo baskets for sale. They had accompanied Kamla's family to Hyderabad, and stayed on, working at the brick kilns for six years after Kamla and her family left.
Labourers at the brick kilns generally return to their villages before the monsoon. But with no work in their village even after the monsoon, Sumitra's family decided to stay back, loading bricks onto trucks. "We returned to the village when our elder daughter Urbasi matured and we thought it was time for her to be married."
Urbasi married Jaldhar Paharia of Makhan village two years ago, and has a one-year-old child. With Jaldhar also a migrant labourer in the city, she now lives with her mother. Her in-laws are very poor daily wage labourers.
Sumitra and Abhi Paharia have two more children, Niledri, 10, and Lingraj, who is 4. None of them are literate. "Urbasi still scolds us for her illiteracy," Sumitra confesses. "Since we stayed in Andhra Pradesh for six years, none of our children were able to get admission in school. But we will definitely educate our younger son. We want to get Niledri admitted to school too, but she refuses, saying it's too late for her now."
As we speak, Sumitra's husband Abhi comes in with two small fish. "The villagers gave me this for helping them fish in the pond," he says.
Sumitra isn't happy that Urbasi's husband Jaldhar is also a migrant labourer. But what else can they do? "All migrants are like stray dogs," she says, "filling their hunger by wandering in the streets. You have to work till your blood turns black."
About the Author: Purusottam Thakur is a freelance journalist, photographer and documentary filmmaker, who reports from Chhattisgarh and Odisha. He also works for the Azim Premji Foundation and was a PARI Fellow in 2015. You can contact the author here: @puruthakur
Published with permission from www.ruralindiaonline.org.
People's Archive of Rural India is looking for volunteers, if interested please visit https://ruralindiaonline.org/contribute/
Govt All Set To Build An 'Amazon.com Like' E-Commerce Portal For The MSME Sector: Nitin Gadkari
Centre Mulls To Roll Out One Nation One Ration Card; Migrants To Become Biggest Beneficiaries
Stray Dogs Maul 5-Yr-Old To Death In Karnataka, Time To Put Stray Dog Menace To Rest
Mangaluru Activist Uses Reflective Collars To Save Stray Dogs From Road Accidents
At Least 70,000 Illegal Migrants In Assam Have Vanished Before Deportation, Assam Govt Tells SC
Compassion At Work: This Kolkata Team Is Independently Working To Give Stray Dogs A Healthy Life


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by James Mattone
Call of Duty®: Black Ops 4 Map Spotlight - Storm into Contraband: Hurricane with an Overview, General Guide, and More!
Time to see Contraband in an all-new light; with the island facing an onslaught of torrential weather, perfect your Multiplayer tactics before the storm rolls in.
Surveillance of an international arms smuggling operation has uncovered this shipping hub on a remote, uncharted island off the coast of Colombia.
Contraband was one of the first maps shown off in Call of Duty®: Black Ops 4. Due to the all-new weather conditions present in the "Hurricane" variant, now is the time to revisit and conquer Contraband before the storm closes in.
Let's dive in and see what we can learn:
The Lay of the Land:
This tropical trouble in paradise offers three main thoroughfares of movement with plenty of flanking paths and a cross-map route for every playstyle.
A thick forest covers the northern path, with trees breaking up an otherwise short route between both spawns. To the south is a beach littered with shipping containers and plenty of open space. The southern path also has some high ground to the west and a small stone hut to the east, which is where snipers come to rest and hunt for prey.
Cutting through the map's center is a bridge with a cargo container box dividing an otherwise straight walk. On either side of the bridge is a small perch with great sightlines over the mid-map.
Outside of these footpaths, Contraband's defining feature is the waterway that cuts through the center. It is possible to swim under the bridge, as well to the northern and southern paths, by diving into the waters below.
General Strategy:
The deep water serves as a great starting point regarding some important tips: If you find yourself in the water, be wary that climbing ladders onto a bridge will leave you exposed. Plus, while climbing a ladder you lose control of your weapon, so you have no chance to fight back.
You can exit out of the water to the northern or southern paths to avoid bridge traffic. If you're Ruin, you might consider using your Grapple Gun to get to the bridge and surprise the opposition with a well-placed Grav Slam.
Alternatively, should you want to go head-on into the likely cross-bridge firefights, bring your artillery of choice and be ready. You might also want to equip a long-range scope to your chosen weapon, as most often, enemies will only show a sliver of themselves while hiding behind a rock, building, or cargo.
Another important tactic involves your plan of action when re-spawning into either end of the map. It's very common for players to get aggressive and lurk around these areas.
You can counter this by varying your exit strategies from these spawn locations — with plenty of space and routes towards all three main paths, switching up your strategies on each life will ensure that an irritating foe won't be able to predict your movements.
Last, but certainly not least, one of the most popular (yet infrequently mentioned) places on the map is on the northern jungle path near the eastern spawn. Stay alert because this area is a lot closer to one of the main spawns than you think.
Objective Tips and Tricks:
Regardless of the objective game mode, controlling the bridge area can be a key to victory. A smart strategy to aid in gaining jurisdiction over this area is to communicate with teammates.
Knowing not only where your opponents are, but also your teammates, and executing a team effort towards an assault or defense, is very difficult to do without callouts. Therefore, try to use that headset or the handy button callout alerts that can be pushed to the killfeed.
A small hut on the northern path near the western spawn is also a common location for objectives (i.e. the C Flag in Domination or B Bomb Site in Search and Destroy). Here, close-quarters play has an advantage with the trees and two small buildings around this area.
In Search and Destroy, this area is particularly popular to hide and sneak around for either team. Be cautious around this area and check both houses, plus around the trees, just to be safe when planting and defusing the bomb.
Whether you are dropping in for the first time or looking for the best strategies after your hundredth game, the ultimate tip we have for this and every map in Call of Duty: Black Ops 4, is to have fun. Brave the storm, and we'll see you on the Contraband shore!
For a brief overview of Contraband, reacquaint yourself the overview of original version of the map:
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Fonio is a gluten-free ancient African supergrain that's great for you, others, and the planet.
Fonio (Digitaria exilis) is a tiny ancient grain that has been grown and celebrated across West Africa for thousands of years. Fonio has been found entombed in Egyptian pyramids. To the Dogon people of Mali, it is "the seed of the universe" – the grain at the root of all existence. In most of West Africa, fonio is served to guests as a sign of honor. Fonio has different culinary roles depending on where you are in West Africa. I grew up in Senegal, where in the southern region we eat fonio like we eat rice or couscous. Malians most often pair it with peanuts to make a traditional staple called Djouka. People in Guinea, Burkina Faso, Nigeria, Benin and Togo make starchy fonio side dishes in the form of polenta or cakes. No matter how you cook it, fonio offers distinct nutritional benefits over other grains.
Fonio is prized everywhere for its easy digestibility and low glycemic index. It's often served to honored guests and to convalescents, diabetics, and of course people suffering from celiac disease and gluten intolerance. Fonio is strong in Methionine and Cystine, two amino acids that are essential for growth.
Farmers in West Africa have historically placed a high value on fonio not only for its nutritional properties, but also because of the way it fits into the ecosystem. The fonio belt stretches across the southern edge of the Sahel, the band of semi-arid territory between the Sahara desert and tropical Africa's lush forests.
The Sahel is hot and dry for most of the year, and most of the land is too sandy to support most crops. But drought-resistant fonio flourishes in that inhospitable setting. Its extensive roots help it draw water from deep underground, and it doesn't need much attention. Fonio is important to rural West Africans because it's the first crop to be harvested in the "hungry season" – the end of the rainy season, when the previous year's harvest is gone but no other crops have come in yet. That's one reason that people still cultivate fonio despite how physically demanding it is to thresh, winnow and clean the tiny grain.
When we set out to bring fonio to the US in a big and impactful way, we learned right away that we would have to do something about its supply chain. Fonio's tiny size makes it hard to process. Every step, from harvesting to threshing, winnowing, husking, and cleaning is physically exhausting. Though farmers could easily grow more fonio than they do now, they don't have the processing capacity to keep up with larger harvests. Equipment can deal with some of these processes, but owning and operating it is hopelessly out of reach for smallholders living in one of world's poorest regions, where shelter is a thatch-roofed hut.


Tangen Biosciences, Inc., has developed a rapid, highly sensitive, exceptionally capable, and economical molecular diagnostic platform. Tangen created a group of proprietary technologies that have been integrated to provide the speed, ease of use, and sensitivity required to create a breakthrough molecular diagnostic platform. The extreme sensitivity of the Tangen platform allows it to be applied to indications that were previously thought to be out of reach of molecular diagnostic systems. The platform will enable fast, reliable assay results that may aid in patient management by improving the quality of care and patient outcomes, while reducing costs.
Tangen was founded in 2013 and began the development of a hand-sized, portable, high speed, sample-to-answer molecular diagnostic platform. Tangen has built a team that has extensive experience in the design and manufacture of molecular-based research instruments, as well as experience in business development, operations, marketing, clinical trials, and in regulatory requirements, and is uniquely suited to develop and launch this product. The company is located in Branford, CT.
There is currently an unmet need in the market for truly flexible nucleic acid-based diagnostic devices, which Tangen's platform, the Tangen Molecular Diagnostic System (TangenDx™) is designed to fill. What sets TangenDx™ apart from competitors is the capability to detect a broad array of targets simultaneously on a single sample, while maintaining low cost, easy workflow, and extreme sensitivity. We believe that this is the future of diagnostics, and a technology such as the TangenDx™ will eventually bring high quality molecular testing to the traditional laboratory setting, and also to settings outside the laboratory, such as clinics, doctor's offices, pharmacies, and even into the hands of rural health care providers in less developed regions of the world.


RACK WR32 - Unit has height of 1200mm x 855mm wide and depth at the base of 360mm, comprises of 4 shelves. Comes with back panel supplied so will work in vans even if they haven't been plylined.
Unit includes 8 of the large blue and 5 of the smaller red lin bins, which fit in the unit as per the photo.
CNC cut with mortice and tenon joints throughout for maximum strength and rigidity, constructed from 12mm ply. Retaining lip to all compartments, much less rattles than steel shelving when on the move.


Discover the most important new features that the latest version of Microsoft Word 2016 has to offer with the focused approach found in MICROSOFT OFFICE 365 & WORD 2016: INTRODUCTORY. This new edition is part of the acclaimed Shelly Cashman Series that has effectively introduced computer skills to millions. MICROSOFT OFFICE 365 & WORD 2016: INTRODUCTORY continues the Series' strong history of innovation with an enhanced learning approach to address the varied learning styles of today's readers. A trademark step-by-step, screen-by-screen approach encourages readers to expand their understanding of Microsoft Word 2016 through experimentation, critical thought, and personalization. This new edition promises to engage, improve retention, and prepare readers for success with Microsoft Word 2016. Important Notice: Media content referenced within the product description or the product text may not be available in the ebook version.
Discover the most important new features that the latest version of Microsoft PowerPoint 2016 has to offer with the focused approach found in MICROSOFT OFFICE 365 & POWERPOINT 2016: INTRODUCTORY. This new edition is part of the acclaimed Shelly Cashman Series that has effectively introduced computer skills to millions. MICROSOFT OFFICE 365 & POWERPOINT 2016: INTRODUCTORY continues the Series' strong history of innovation with an enhanced learning approach to address the varied learning styles of today's readers. A trademark step-by-step, screen-by-screen approach encourages readers to expand their understanding of Microsoft PowerPoint 2016 through experimentation, critical thought, and personalization. This new edition promises to engage, improve retention, and prepare readers for success with Microsoft PowerPoint 2016. Important Notice: Media content referenced within the product description or the product text may not be available in the ebook version.
Discover the latest advancements in Microsoft Publisher 2016 with MICROSOFT OFFICE 365 & PUBLISHER 2016 INTRODUCTORY -- the new edition in today's generation of acclaimed Shelly Cashman Series books. For more than three decades, the Shelly Cashman Series has effectively introduced computer skills to millions. MICROSOFT OFFICE 365 & PUBLISHER 2016 INTRODUCTORY continues the Series' strong history of innovation with a proven learning approach enhanced to address the varied learning styles of today's learners. A trademark step-by-step, screen-by-screen approach encourages readers to expand their understanding of Microsoft Publisher 2016 through experimentation, critical thought, and personalization. This new edition delivers effective educational materials specifically designed to introduce key features, improve retention, and prepare readers for success with the latest Microsoft Publisher 2016. Important Notice: Media content referenced within the product description or the product text may not be available in the ebook version.
Discover the latest advancements in Microsoft Office and Excel 2016 with MICROSOFT OFFICE 365 & EXCEL 2016: INTRODUCTORY -- the new edition in today's generation of acclaimed Shelly Cashman Series books. For more than three decades, the Shelly Cashman Series has effectively introduced advanced computer skills to millions. MICROSOFT OFFICE 365 & EXCEL 2016: INTRODUCTORY continues the Series' strong history of innovation with a proven learning approach enhanced to address the varied learning styles of today's learners. A trademark step-by-step, screen-by-screen approach encourages readers to expand their understanding of Microsoft Excel 2016 through experimentation, critical thought, and personalization. This new edition delivers effective educational materials specifically designed to introduce key features, improve retention, and prepare readers for success with the latest MS Office and Excel 2016. Important Notice: Media content referenced within the product description or the product text may not be available in the ebook version.
Discover the latest advancements that Microsoft� Office and Access have to offer with MICROSOFT� OFFICE 365 & ACCESS 2016: INTRODUCTORY -- the new edition in today's generation of acclaimed Shelly Cashman Series� books. For more than three decades, the Shelly Cashman Series� has effectively introduced advanced computer skills to millions of students like you. MICROSOFT� OFFICE 365 & ACCESS 2016: INTRODUCTORY continues the Series' strong history of innovation with a proven learning approach enhanced to address your needs, no matter what your learning style. A trademark step-by-step, screen-by-screen approach encourages you to expand your understanding of Microsoft� Access 2016 through experimentation, critical thought, and personalization. This new edition delivers effective educational materials specifically designed to effectively introduce basic and new features, improve retention, and prepare you for success in using MS Office and Access 2016.
Discovering Computers, Essentials 2018 + Shelly Cashman Series Microsoft Office 365 & Office 2016: Introductory + Microsoft Office 365 & Office 2016 Coursenotes, 2nd Ed.


This module provides the background for the full electro-magnetic field description of optical systems, including a description of plane and spherical waves and a formal treatment of reflection and refraction from this perspective. We start out with a quick review of the mathematical background for this description. This will be fairly short, but you may want to spend some more time reviewing these concepts on your own if you have not seen them for a while.
there's a couple of reasons that's hard.
that makes it a little bit tricky.
about the plane wave is the relationship of the wavelength to the phase.
And that's all small, on the order of a micron or smaller.
And so it's kind of hard to get a camera down there and look at it.
So instead, we've got here a little MATLAB simulation.
And this is up on the website for the course.
So you'll be able to play with this yourself.
which we're going to use in the next module of the course.
So here I've shown a chunk of a plane wave.
And I'm drawing the real part of the amplitude.
And you can tell that it's the real part, because it's got variation.
If I just drew the amplitude, Then it would be constant, right?
The absolute value of the field is uniform.
some boundary and z, some distance on propagating away from the boundary.
propagating directly away from the boundary.
these waves would be flying forward at the speed of light.
because that's a convenient thing to do.
So there's one bright fringe every wavelength, as you'd expect.
Now what I want to do is I want to tilt this way a little bit.
what happens to the field along x and along the z-axis, let's say?
And I've already plotted those here.
it has a value of 1.
And along z, it's a sine mu site.
And the distance between the peaks is the wavelength and the material.
if I just move along x, if I take that slice, is a sine wave.
But it's a relatively large period sine wave.
Before it was infinite period, now it's just large.
And if you watched, let's do it again.
actually started out with the wavelength lambda, the wavelength in the material.
But it's getting bigger, the period is increasing.
And you can tell that by the waves are sliding to the right.
1 over the spatial period, along x.
that suggests we should think about Fourier transform.
So over here I've plotted the Fourier transform of this function.
Of course, it's a delta function, because this is a complex exponential.
I've drawn just the real part so that we can see it.
So let's go over to, I don't know, one-half.
And of course, there we go.
conveniently normalized by multiplying by the wavelength, equal to one-half.
let's see, equal to 2.
spatial period 2, 0 to 2.
frequency, which corresponds directly to an angle over here in real space.
And we'll comment in just a minute on what that angle is.
The smallest period I can have is lambda, the free space wavelength.
Therefore, the largest spatial frequency I can have is 1 over lambda.
Remember, this is normalized to lambda, so this point right here.
traveling perpendicular to the boundary, instead of normal to it.
And that's right there, look at that.
So now I have a wave going this way.
The period here is 0, yep.
The period along x is one wavelength and the period along z is infinity.
So you can see if these two trade.
Well, how do they trade?
Well, maybe the way to understand that, there's two ways.
1 over lambda, 1 over wavelength.
If I multiply that by 2 pi, that's k.
That's the wave number which is radium spatial frequency.
and they're the 1 over these periods.
that kx and kz, they're just components of the k vector.
2 pi over the material wavelength.
In other words, the square root of kx squared plus kz squared is k.
The kx and the kz are constrained.
overall, just one wavelength, when you go along the beam.
the square root of it, is the equation for a circle.
I'm going to go backwards here.
because fz times 2 pi is just kz, that it moves along a circular arc.
if I multiply it by this 2 pi, tracing out a circle.
because the k vector terms have to have, overall, a magnitude of k.
is what if I just took the two dimensional Fourier transform of this space?
But what if I took the two dimensional Fourier transform of the x/z space?
Well, that's what this little dot is.
And indeed, what we're finding is that it always moves along this arc.
And that arc is the k vector having a magnitude of 2 pi over lambda.
Now you might be thinking, what are these funny red lines out here?
bigger than 1 over lambda?
And we're going to leave that for you to explore on your own.
So play with this tool.
just by its spatial frequency on a boundary.
because I know what the spatial frequency in z has to be.
the overall magnitude of k is 2 pi over lambda.


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Movin In Stereo join Wiretap Records
Gothenburg, Sweden's Movin In Stereo joined the Wiretap family who will be releasing the band's sophomore EP, 'New Blood' on vinyl in early 2020.
The band was formed by New Zealand vocalist Scott James and guitarist John Wennergren, with drummer Ola Stridh joining the band soon after. They released their debut EP 'My Dear Effigy' in 2018 to much positive feedback and also gained the band support for ex-Turbonegro frontman Hank von Hell on his 'Pretty Decent Tour'. The band is now also comprised of guitarist Elias Hellström and Scotland-born bassist Rosie McClune.
In early 2019, the band released 'Authority Blues' as a stand-alone single, and now their sophomore EP, 'New Blood', marks their first release with Wiretap Records, which will see a US vinyl pressing in early 2020.
movin in stereo
wiretap records
PREMIERE: Stream HiGH's new album "Evil Gene" in full
Audio Karate's 'Space Camp' reissued on 12" vinyl for the first time
Spanish Love Songs release music video for "Bad Day"
Elijah Newman & The SideEffects join Wiretap Records and release video for "Come Back Home"


Be an informed voter and help turn candidates into champions of culture! We invite you to attend candidate debates and to ask questions of the candidates. This will help them see that voters care about the humanities and arts as well as help us know where candidates really stand on issues important to culture.
What do you think is beneficial about the arts & humanities?
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text:
    <button class="btn-white" id='verify-challenge'>VERIFICAR</button>

    <button class="btn-white" id="clear-completed-challenge">Reiniciar el estado de completado</button>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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10 złotych polskich (1820–1825) – moneta dziesięciozłotowa Królestwa Kongresowego okresu autonomii, bita na podstawie zgody cara Aleksandra I z 20 października 1818 r., wyrażonej między innymi na emisję monet dziesięciozłotowych z napisem na rewersie "Z SREBRA KRAIOWEGO". Monetę bito w latach 1820–1825, według systemu monetarnego opartego na grzywnie kolońskiej. Wycofano ją z obiegu 1 maja 1847 r.

Awers
Na tej stronie umieszczono prawe popiersie cara Aleksandra I, dookoła otokowo napis:

Dookoła znajduje się wypukły otok. W roku 1823 lekkiej modyfikacji uległ rysunek popiersia cara.

Rewers
Na tej stronie umieszczono średni herb Królestwa Kongresowego, tzn. orła rosyjsko-polskiego – dwugłowy orzeł z trzema koronami, dużą pośrodku i dwiema małymi na głowach orła, w prawej łapie trzyma miecz i berło, w lewej jabłko królewskie, na piersi, na tle gronostajowego płaszcza, tarcza herbowa z polskim orłem. Po obu stronach dużej korony rok bicia: 1820, 1821, 1822, 1823, 1824 lub 1825. Na dole, po obu stronach ogona orła, znajduje się znak intendenta mennicy w Warszawie – I.B. (Jakuba Benika), otokowo napis:

a pod nim:

Dookoła znajduje się wypukły otok.

Opis
Monetę bito w mennicy w Warszawie, w srebrze próby 868, na krążku o średnicy 39 mm, masie 31,1 grama, z rantem gładkim, z otokiem. Według sprawozdań mennicy w latach 1820–1824 w obieg wypuszczono  sztuk dziesięciozłotówek.

Stopień rzadkości poszczególnych roczników przedstawiono w tabeli:

Moneta była bita w latach panowania Aleksandra I, więc w numizmatyce rosyjskiej zaliczana jest do kategorii monet tego cara.

Zobacz też
 10 złotych polskich 1827
 1½ rubla – 10 złotych (1833–1841)
 1 złoty polski (1822–1825)
 2 złote polskie (1819–1825)
 monety Królestwa Kongresowego
 tabela cennikowa Bolcewicza
 rosyjskie monety bite dla Polski (1815–1841)

Przypisy

Monety Królestwa Kongresowego (1816–1835)
Srebrne monety Królestwa Kongresowego

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Living Room : Turquoise Couch Protector Arm Covers Coach Outlet Expensive Couches Foam Bed Under 100 45 Summery Table Velvet Pale Blue Sofa ~ Acdflorida Inc.
Published at Tuesday, February 13th, 2018 - 02:22:27 AM. Living Room. By Genoveva Bergmann.


The trouble with many accessories is that you can only find a use for them every once in a while. Sunglasses out of the bright sun might look cool, but only until you start stumbling into stuff. An umbrella is certain to unleash a curse indoors.
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Give your kiddo just the extra edge they need to complete a fantastic look. This Child's Straw Hat is securely made and breathable so your tyke won't overheat. The chin string can hang loose or be looped tighter to keep it from blowing away during those gusts or races they're about to win.
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How Can the Life Sciences Benefit from Using Simulated Data?
Posted on June 28th, 2019 by Christy J. Wilson in Pharma R&D
The life sciences, like many sectors, are putting a higher and higher premium on good data. In our digital world, access to reliable data is a necessity, whether it's healthcare providers counting on data analytics to inform patient care or drug developers requiring insightful data to create effective new therapies.
But there are many obstacles surrounding access to and use of real-world data. It is often siloed, hard-to-find, hoarded by competitors and exists in numerous different formats. While there are now information solutions and platforms that address some of those challenges, privacy and security concerns are still problematic, particularly when it comes to sensitive health and medical information.
Computer-Created Data
Given these complications, there is a growing interest in simulated or synthetic data, which TechCrunch describes as "computer-generated data that mimics real data." Software algorithms can take in data samples (e.g. clinical trial data, medical records, etc) from the real world and generate simulated datasets that researchers can work with—without compromising patient confidentiality.
In a piece in The Atlantic titled "How Fake Data Could Protect Real People's Privacy," author Viviane Callier offers a case study on how university researchers using Census data sought to avoid privacy issues by modifying the dataset. "In their approach, the researchers feed the original Census data, which is kept confidential, into a complex statistical model that generates a simulated population that has the same general features as the original data," writes Callier. "If you have a confidential dataset of 100 individuals' ages and incomes, for example, a corresponding synthetic dataset composed of 100 imaginary individuals would have the same mean age and mean income as the original."
A Vision of How Simulated Data Could Boost Development of Therapies
The implications for the life sciences, where the demand for patient data far outpaces the supply, is clear. In Virtusa's white paper Unlock the Power of Simulated Data to Accelerate Research, author Santanu Sen considers the possibilities for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an area where better therapies are much needed:
"If we can generate simulated data and simulate our study area (for example, the entire US population for RA), that will lead to novel insights and multiple research areas," explains Sen. "This is where AI models/algorithms can help determine patient profile-specific therapeutic regimens, leverage evidence-based predictive model to help identify and mitigate side effects on therapies, optimize drug synergy in multi-drug regimens, and further perform drug-dose optimization to simultaneously realize maximal therapeutic efficacy and clinical safety."
The Many Benefits of Simulated Data
The advantages that using simulated data provide to companies and researchers are significant and include:
* The ability to maintain people's privacy
* Fewer concerns about regulations
* More cost-effective and efficient
* Flexible, customizable and easier to control
* Makes it possible to generate and work with much larger datasets than what might be found in the real world
* Provides a leg-up to start-ups that don't already have access to large collections of expensive data like their established competitors
Brave New Synthetic World
These advantages could apply across sectors ranging from tech to the social sciences. But how will synthetic data apply specifically to life science organizations? According to Dane Stout's white paper titled The New Synthetic, simulated data could be used to accelerate clinical studies, improve patient safety post-market, and incorporate care data earlier in the medical device design and development process.
"A promising example from clinical research may be to serve as a synthetic control arm for clinical trials," adds Stout. "Rather than collecting data from patients who have been assigned to the control or standard-of-care arm, it's possible to model those comparators using real-world data that has previously been collected."
Simulated data represents a new horizon, and it is one that is still being tentatively explored. Real-world data is already complicated enough to deal with, so there is still much to learn about utilizing synthetic data in its place. But the immense advantages that it could provide for industries like pharma and biotech are so significant that it shouldn't be long until we see its use more broadly adopted.
Christy J. Wilson
Sr. Director, Pharma and Biotech Segment
http://www.elsevier.com/rd-solutions/pharma-and-life-sciences
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Author Title Abstract Keywords First Name Last Name
Submitted: 19 Dec 2019
Accepted: 04 Jan 2020
First published online: 30 Mar 2020
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© 2020 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the originalwork is properly cited.
Clostridium difficile in patients with nosocomial diarrhea, Northwest of Iran
Health Promotion Perspectives, 10(2), 148-151; DOI:10.34172/hpp.2020.24
Yalda Hematyar1, Tahereh Pirzadeh2, Seyyed Reza Moaddab3, Mohammad Ahangarzadeh Rezaee2, Mohammad Yousef Memar1, Hossein Samadi Kafil4*
1 Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
2 Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
3 Biotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Paramedicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
4 Drug Applied Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
*Corresponding Author: Hossein Samadi Kafil, Email: kafilhs@tbzmed.ac.ir
© 2020 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Background: Clostridium difficile is known as a prevalent pathogen leading to infections ranging from mild diarrhea to severe disease and death. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the incidence of C. difficile from inpatients with nosocomial diarrhea hospitalized in different wards in the northwest region of Iran.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 485 diarrheal stool samples were collected from 384 patients referred from different wards of Imam Reza, Sina and Pediatric hospitals, Tabriz and transferred to the laboratory from 25 March 2015 till 1 March 2018. Immuno-chromatographicassay for detection of toxins A and B of C. difficile was used for identification.
Results:Clostridium difficile was isolated from 24 (4.7%) out of 485 samples. Fifteen patients(62.5%) were males and 9 were females (37.5%). Twelve positive patients were from the gastrointestinal ward (50%), 5 patients (20.8%) from surgery ward, 3 patients from infectious disease ward (12.5%), 3 patients from rheumatology ward (12.5%) and 1 patient (4.1%) were collected from neurology ward. 95.3% of diarrhea samples had no signs from toxin A and B.
Conclusion: These results indicate most of infected patients were from the gastrointestinaland surgery wards which show a different pattern of infection compared to previous studies.The neurology department had the lowest rate of infection. C. difficile is a health threat afterantibiotic consumption and for health promotion, developing strategies for less antibioticconsumption and preventing these emerging infections is critical. The low rate of this infection shows improvement in knowledge and effect of stewardships in physicians.
Keywords: Clostridium difficile, Incidence, Immuno-chromatographic test, Toxin A, Toxin B protein, Diarrhea
Clostridium difficile is an anaerobic gram-positive spore-forming rod that is part of normal flora in the human intestine in 3% of healthy individuals, 15%-20% of infants and in 10% to 30% chronically ill or hospitalized people. When broad spectrum antibiotics are used to treat infection, they suppress the normal flora of intestine along with infective organisms.1,2 Therefore, it can be considered as population treating criteria due to increase in antibiotic consumption and public access of antibiotics. The spectrum of C. difficile -associated disease (CDAD) ranges different diseases from pseudomembranous colitis, toxic megacolon, severe abdominal pain, bowel perforation or asymptomatic infection to diarrhea (the most frequent clinical symptom), and death.3 Many risk factors like antibiotic exposure including clindamycin, cephalosporins, and fluoroquinolones, advanced age, duration of hospitalization, severe underlying disease, chemotherapy, gastrointestinal surgery, Inflammatory bowel disease, Immunosuppression and gastric acid suppression are associated with CDAD.4-6 Toxins A and toxin B are the main virulence determinants in CDAD encoded by the tcdA and tcdB genes respectively. Toxin A is a type of enterotoxins, and toxin B is categorized as both of cyto- and enterotoxins.7 It is assumed that these toxins can cause colonic mucosal injury in colon and inflammation. C. difficile without these toxins has no pathogenicity.8 Mechanism of action of these toxins are as glucosyltransferase which can catalyzes the monoglucosylation of threonine 35/37of small GTP-binding proteins Rho, Rac, and Cdc42 within target cells, resulting cell death by modulation of different physiological cellular events.9 Toxin B has effect on monocyte by activation of cytotoxin release and destruction of the cytoskeleton even more than enterotoxin A, and consequently causes tissue injury in colon.10 Binary toxin is another toxin encoded by ctdA and ctdB . Its role in the pathogenesis is unclear; however, presence of this toxin among BI/NAP1/027 epidemic strains indicated its possible synergism with toxins A and B in cases of severe colitis.11 Number of C. difficile antibiotic-associated diarrhea cases are increasing in health care settings during past years.12 Different laboratory techniques may be used to diagnose fecal toxins A (TcdA) and B (TcdB). Gold standard method for biological detection of the C. difficile in the CDAD cases is cell cytotoxicity assay; however, this method is expensive and time consuming (takes 1-3 days).13 Stool culture is another procedure to detect toxigenic C. difficile in laboratories, by culture in cycloserine-cefoxitin- fructose agar. This method has high sensitivity, but it has low specificity, because of the false positive cases due to asymptomatic carriage of C. difficile , especially in hospitalized patients.14 Immuno-chromatography test is a recent advance in identification of this pathogen such as ImmunoCard Toxins A&B. This method can easily detect TcdA and TcdB in stool samples in about 20 minutes, which is fast and trustable method for identification. Early diagnosis of CDAD is really necessary in the hospital, since it can result on early treatment of this nosocomial infections and control of possible transmission.7,15 Due to the lack of knowledge on rate of this infection in the region and factors related to its establishment, in the present study, we aimed to investigate the presence and incidence of C. difficile in different wards as consequence of antibiotic-associated diarrhea by using immuno-chromatographic assay in the northwest of Iran.
This cross-sectional study was conducted at Imam Reza hospital 800-bed university-affiliated, in Tabriz from 25 March 2015 to 1 March 2018. Also, samples from Sina hospital and Pediatric hospital were carried to the center for further investigation. The sampling technique was consecutive non-probability. A total of 485 stool specimens from 384 patients were included in the study. The toxin A and B were detected by immuno-chromatographic test IMMUNOQUICK® TOX A & B (BioSynex, Strasbourg, France). The procedure of C. difficile toxin detection was conducted according to the company protocol along with positive and negative controls. The device which was used in this study had immobilized antibodies in a reaction port with two stripes. Test stripe had antibodies against C. difficile toxins A and B and a control stripe with anti-IgG antibodies. Antibioses against toxins A and B coupled to horseradish peroxidase were the conjugate. Data were entered and analyzed in IBM SPSS® 23.0 (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences,SPSS Inc., Chicago, Ill., USA). The quantitative variable of age was presented as mean + standard deviation (SD), whereas gender and presence of C. difficile were presented as frequency and percentages. Data were stratified for age, gender and ward. Odd ratio (OR) & 95% confidence interval (CI) were determined to assess the associated risk. Chi-square test was applied to determine significant age, gender groups and ward.
Among the 485 samples collected, 261 (53.7%) were male and 224 (46.3%) were female and the mean age was 43 (SD 3) years old. Overall, 98.3% of the patients were hospitalized (Table 1 and Figure 1). In this study, toxin production of C. difficile was detected by the immuno-chromatographic test in 24 patients (4.9%), all of which included hospitalized patients. Of these, 15 patients (62.5%) were males and 9 were females (37.5%). Twelve patients in the gastrointestinal ward (50%), 5 patients (20.8%) in the surgery, 3 patients in the infectious (12.5%), 3 patients in the rheumatology (12.5%) and 1 patient (4.2%) was admitted to the neurology department. No significant differences were observed in the presence of toxin with sex, outpatient or hospitalization and hospital admission (Table 1). 95.8% of infected patients had a history of antibiotic consumption including cephalosporins, ciprofloxacin, and co-amoxiclav.
Table 1.Gender of patients with Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea in this study
Sex Result
Positive Negative Total
No. % No. % No. %
Male 15 62.5 246 53.36 261 53.7
Female 9 37.5 215 46.63 224 46.3
Total 24 4.9 461 95.1 485 100
Frequency of investigated stool samples for C. difficile on the basis of sex and age.
Clostridium difficile is a common bacterium which can be found in most of people's colon without any symptoms, but can cause severe diarrhea and colitis in some persons. This organism is usually acquired as a nosocomial infection in the hospital. In most of cases environment contamination is the source of infection by health care workers which carry this pathogen in their hands, or on contaminated instruments. The most common methods for the clinical diagnosis of C. difficile are immuno-chromatography, ELISAs, immunoenzymic, and cytotoxicity (cell culture) assay methods. These methods are popular because of their rapid, cost-effective, and easy performance properties.16C. difficile infection, especially CDAD has different prevalence worldwide. In our study, C. difficile infection was detected in 4.9% of the patients with diarrhea. A previous study in Iran regarding presence of C .difficile , 6.1% of patients were positive with nosocomial diarrhea and 4% of children with diarrhea had this bacterium.17,18 In a report from Turkey, 4.9% for patients with diarrhea were positive which was consistent with our results.19 In another study by Gursoy et al, 27.7% of the patients were positive for C. difficile .20 In a study among Brazilian patients, C. difficile infection was positive in 5.5% of hospitalized children with acute diarrhea. In Argentina, 38.5% of symptomatic patients were positive for C. difficile .3,21
These differences were due to the limitations and methods of studies. We used an immuno-chromatography test for screeningC. difficile toxins A and B. Regardless of initial negative results in immuno-chromatography, additional toxin-positive cases could be revealed. Some studies use methods with high sensitivity for bacterial detection, but the presence of bacteria is not equal to disease and toxin production is a critical point. Moreover, strains obviously produced fewer toxins even after toxigenic culture, resulting in negative immuno-chromatography test results.22
In the present study, positive cases were from gastrointestinal, general surgery, infectious, rheumatology and neurology wards. Use of antimicrobial agents in patients with ≥2 days diarrhea is a marker of CDAD. Cephalosporin's, ciprofloxacin and co-amoxiclav were the main responsible antibiotic of CDAD. In 95.8% of cases, we had a history of antibiotic consumption and only one case had no history of antibiotic treatment. Though treatment is successful in most of CDAD, but C. difficile colitis can be considered as serious treat for health, especially when diagnose and treatment of the patients postponed.3C. difficile is an important intestinal pathogen in patients in our hospitals. Toxin production in C. difficile strains are determined as the major cause of severe diarrhea, and antibiotic consumption gives this bacterium an opportunity of growth. Therefore, the best administration approach is to limit the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, public education for physicians and stewardships and guidelines for antibiotic consumption in hospitals. Growing number of C. difficile infection worldwide, emphasize importance of further studies on its epidemiological and pathological properties of infection. These results indicate most of the infected patients were from gastrointestinal and surgery wards which show different patterns of infection compared to previous studies. The neurology department had the lowest rate of infection. C. difficile is a health threat after antibiotic consumption and for health promotion, developing strategies for less antibiotic consumption and preventing these emerging infections is critical. However, the low rate of this infection shows improvement in the knowledge and effect of stewardships in control of infection. Restricted access to the antibiotics with risk of CDAD is critical to control this infection. In conclusion, it is necessary to develop our knowledge on the mechanisms involved in pathogenesis of C. difficile . Still too many gaps are present on role of toxins and mechanism of pathogenesis by this bacterium. Therefore, it will be necessary to evaluate the epidemiology and to implement measures to control the nosocomial spread of this infection. The main limitation of this study was inability to collect outpatient's sample and study how many cases of CDAD in population is present. Indeed, further studies on rate of CDAD among population are critical and will help us to develop local policies to control this infection. Results of the present study shows CDAD as risk factor for patients hospitalized in our gastrointestinal and surgery wards and shows importance of policies regarding antibiotic stewardship in these wards to prevent this health treating infection.
This study was approved by the Ethic Committee of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences with reference number IR.TBZMED.REC.1397.453.
None to declare.
This study was supported by Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences with reference number 60429.
YH: Data collection, sample preparation, analysis, Manuscript preparation, Final proof of the manuscript. TP: supervision, Funding, Final proof of the manuscript. SRM: Manuscript preparation, Final proof of the manuscript. MAR: supervision, Final proof of the manuscript. MYM: sample preparation, analysis, Manuscript preparation, Final proof of the manuscript. HSK: Concept, supervision, Manuscript preparation, Final proof of the manuscript.
We thank all collaborations by staff of Imam Reza hospital and Drug Applied Research Center.
Butt T, Raza S, Malik SN, Naqvi M. Risk factors for Clostridium difficile infection in patients on antibiotics. Pak J Pathol 2017;28(1):1-5.
Rezazadeh Zarandi E, Mansouri S, Nakhaee N, Sarafzadeh F, Iranmanesh Z, Moradi M. Frequency of antibiotic associated diarrhea caused by Clostridium difficile among hospitalized patients in intensive care unit, Kerman, Iran. Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench 2017;10(3):229-34.
Legaria MC, Lumelsky G, Rosetti S. Clostridium difficile -associated diarrhea from a general hospital in Argentina. Anaerobe 2003;9(3):113-6. doi: 10.1016/s1075-9964(03)00088-x. [Crossref]
Riddle DJ, Dubberke ER. Clostridium difficile infection in the intensive care unit. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2009;23(3):727-43. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2009.04.011. [Crossref]
Evans CT, Safdar N. Current trends in the epidemiology and outcomes of Clostridium difficile infection. Clin Infect Dis 2015;60 Suppl 2:S66-71. doi: 10.1093/cid/civ140. [Crossref]
Leffler DA, Lamont JT. Clostridium difficile infection. N Engl J Med 2015;372(16):1539-48. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1403772. [Crossref]
Samra Z, Luzon A, Bishara J. Evaluation of two rapid immunochromatography tests for the detection of Clostridium difficile toxins. Dig Dis Sci 2008;53(7):1876-9. doi: 10.1007/s10620-007-0072-2. [Crossref]
Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad E, Azimirad M, Razaghi M, Torabi P, Moosavi A, Alebouyeh M, et al. Frequency of Clostridium difficile among patients with gastrointestinal complaints. Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench 2011;4(4):210-3.
Drudy D, Fanning S, Kyne L. Toxin A-negative, toxin B-positive Clostridium difficile . Int J Infect Dis 2007;11(1):5-10. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2006.04.003. [Crossref]
To KB, Napolitano LM. Clostridium difficile infection: update on diagnosis, epidemiology, and treatment strategies. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2014;15(5):490-502. doi: 10.1089/sur.2013.186. [Crossref]
Lessa FC, Gould CV, McDonald LC. Current status of Clostridium difficile infection epidemiology. Clin Infect Dis 2012;55 Suppl 2:S65-70. doi: 10.1093/cid/cis319. [Crossref]
Nasiri MJ, Goudarzi M, Hajikhani B, Ghazi M, Goudarzi H, Pouriran R. Clostridioides (Clostridium ) difficile infection in hospitalized patients with antibiotic-associated diarrhea: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Anaerobe 2018;50:32-7. doi: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2018.01.011. [Crossref]
Sadeghifard N, Salari M, Ghassemi M, Shirazi M, Feizabadi M, Kazemi B, et al. Prevalence of Clostridium difficile -associated diarrhea in hospitalized patients with nosocomial diarrhea. Iran J Public Health 2005;34(4):67-72.
Bartlett JG, Gerding DN. Clinical recognition and diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection. Clin Infect Dis 2008;46 Suppl 1:S12-8. doi: 10.1086/521863. [Crossref]
van den Berg RJ, Bruijnesteijn van Coppenraet LS, Gerritsen HJ, Endtz HP, van der Vorm ER, Kuijper EJ. Prospective multicenter evaluation of a new immunoassay and real-time PCR for rapid diagnosis of Clostridium difficile -associated diarrhea in hospitalized patients. J Clin Microbiol 2005;43(10):5338-40. doi: 10.1128/jcm.43.10.5338-5340.2005. [Crossref]
Mohammadbeigi M, Safayi Delouyi Z, Mohammadzadeh N, Alaalmohadesin A, Taheri K, Edalati E, et al. Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of toxigenic Clostridium difficile strains isolated in Iran. Turk J Med Sci 2019;49(1):384-91. doi: 10.3906/sag-1808-11. [Crossref]
Armin S, Babaie D, Karimi A, Fallah F. Toxigenic Clostridium difficile colonization in children. J Pediatr Infect Dis 2009;4(4):375-8. doi: 10.3233/JPI-2009-0206. [Crossref]
Thipmontree W, Kiratisin P, Manatsathit S, Thamlikitkul V. Epidemiology of suspected Clostridium difficile -associated hospital-acquired diarrhea in hospitalized patients at Siriraj Hospital. J Med Assoc Thai 2011;94:S207-16.
Söyletir G, Eskitürk A, Kiliç G, Korten V, Tözün N. Clostridium difficile acquisition rate and its role in nosocomial diarrhoea at a university hospital in Turkey. Eur J Epidemiol 1996;12(4):391-4. doi: 10.1007/bf00145303. [Crossref]
Gursoy S, Guven K, Arikan T, Yurci A, Torun E, Baskol M, et al. Clostridium difficile infection frequency in patients with nosocomial infections or using antibiotics. Hepatogastroenterology 2007;54(78):1720-4.
Ferreira CE, Nakano V, Durigon EL, Avila-Campos MJ. Prevalence of Clostridium spp. and Clostridium difficile in children with acute diarrhea in Sao Paulo city, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2003;98(4):451-4. doi: 10.1590/s0074-02762003000400003. [Crossref]
Ohshima T, Osaki T, Yamamoto Y, Asai S, Miyachi H, Kamiya S. Evaluation of risk factors for Clostridium difficile infection based on immunochromatography testing and toxigenic culture assay. J Clin Microbiol 2018;56(12). doi: 10.1128/jcm.00555-18. [Crossref]
© 2011-2021 Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; unless otherwise stated. This Platinum Open Access journal is a title of TUOMS PRESS; an imprint of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences.
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In another incident, an encounter is underway between the security forces and militants at the Imam Sahab area of South Kashmir's Shopian district.
Terrorists had attacked police patrolling party.
Two Hizbul Mujahideen (HM) militants were killed by the security forces in Jammu and Kashmir's Kulgam district on Thursday.
A police officer told news agency GNS that a joint team of Army's 62 RR, SOG and CRPF today late in the night at around 2:30 am launched a cordon-and-search operation at village Matribugh, Zoipora in the southern district following a tip off about the presence of some insurgents.
Two militants were gunned down by security personnel in the state's Kulgam district. More details are awaited.
Il a gagné beaucoup de titres dans de très bons clubs. "Il va m'apprendre beaucoup de choses", a indiqué l'Albiceleste sur le site officiel du club russe.
Two weapons were recovered from the site of the encounter, an army spokesperson said.
"One of the slain militants was involved in the murder of five policemen and two bank guards in Pombai village in Kulgam district on May 1", the police officer added.
Following this, the separatists had called for "bandh" to protest the killing of two Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT) terrorists and a civilian.
Security forces had killed Dujana and his accomplice in Pulwama on Tuesday.
At least 2,385 migrants have died during the perilous crossing since January, the International Organisation for Migration (IOM) said.
State of Alaska Department of Revenue increased its position in Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings by 3.0% in the first quarter. On average, equities research analysts expect that Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings will post $4.64 EPS for the current year.
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Oil Palace Giving Option to Watch Patrick Mahomes in Super Bowl LIV
Michael Gibson Published: January 23, 2020
Joe Sargent, Getty Images
Super Bowl LIV will be a special game for most of East Texas. Whitehouse's own Patrick Mahomes will lead his Kansas City Chiefs against the San Francisco 49ers in Miami Sunday night, February 2.
East Texans Who Have Played in the Super Bowl
There are many options when watching the Super Bowl. You can have a party with friends at your, or their, house. You can go to your favorite sports bar. This year, you can go to the Oil Palace in Tyler for a special watch party according to KLTV.
It'll only cost $10 for parking to get in. Doors will open at 3 p.m. Concessions will be available and security as well.
Again, there are many options to watch the big game this year. It seems to be about every three to four years, an East Texan makes it into the Super Bowl to help his team win. Most recently, Groveton's own Lane Johnson won Super Bowl LII as a member of the Philadelphia Eagles beating the New England Patriots 41-33.
However you decide to watch the big game this year, have fun. Go Chiefs!
Source: Oil Palace Giving Option to Watch Patrick Mahomes in Super Bowl LIV
Filed Under: oil palace, Patrick Mahomes, superbowl
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CAIRO (AP) -- An official at Cairo's airport says a foot-long baby crocodile wriggled out of a passenger's hand luggage and caused panic on a flight from the United Arab Emirates.
CAIRO -- An official at Cairo's airport says a foot-long baby crocodile wriggled out of a passenger's hand luggage and caused panic on a flight from the United Arab Emirates.
A crew member on the EgyptAir flight from Abu Dhabi rounded up the wayward reptile and calmed passengers. The airport security official says the animal was seized and given to the Cairo Zoo.
Transporting exotic animals in and out of the Egypt is illegal, and none of the passengers on today's flight claimed ownership of the baby croc.
The airport official spoke on condition of anonymity because he is not authorized to speak to the press.


We use Workflow variables to control task execution in our production system.
We define a workflow variable and then in the tasks we define the same variable and set it as a parameter. One task will check conditions and set the parameter value if the following tasks should be executed. For example, we have a table that defines when a particular report is to be run. One task checks to see if the table indicates that the report should run today. We have an evaluation condition in the workflow that passes control to the report task only if the parameter is set correctly. We do this so that we can run the report task manually without having to disable the run control.
After upgrading to 11.0.5, the task variable initial value overrides the value of the parameter set in the workflow, which completely destroys the logic pattern. And runs counter to how it works in 10.7. Please let me know which bug number this is and when it will be fixed.
Are you able to provide a sample script that causes this issue for testing purposes?
I apologize, the issue (24054) is actually corrected in our latest release of Automate Enterprise version 11.0.6.11. I would suggest that you upgrade to that version in order to correct the issue.
There are currently 848 guests browsing this forum, which makes a total of 848 users using this forum.


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Australian Open Tennis Tips: Pouille serve is key in Djokovic crunch
Home Australian Open Tennis Tips: Pouille serve is key in Djokovic crunch
Sean Calvert, 24th January 2019 24th January 2019 , Other Sports, Tennis Tips, 0
WE ended up with a rather comfortable winner on Thursday when Rafael Nadal was on fine form and much too good for Stefanos Tsitsipas to cope with in their semi-final.
Nadal covered the -6.5 games handicap with ease, dishing out a bagel in set three and moves through to the final to face either Lucas Pouille or Novak Djokovic.
That pair are set to lock horns at around 08:30 UK time on Friday (19:30 local time).
Novak Djokovic vs Lucas Pouille
Not the semi-final I was expecting, given that we backed Pouille as underdog to snap his poor run of form in Sydney against Andrey Rublev and he lost in straight sets.
He hasn't lost since and as I said in my preview of Pouille's clash with Milos Raonic it's all been about that vastly improved first serve percentage for Pouille, who was at 51% against Rublev, but has averaged 64% this tournament.
As a consequence he's held serve 93% of the time this Australian Open, with the confidence he's gained from serving well feeding into the rest of his game, and now he faces perhaps the ultimate test of that belief: a major semi-final on a hard court against Novak Djokovic.
It's a first career meeting, but we can draw a comparison between this match-up and the one that Pouille had against Andy Murray in which (apart from their last clash when Murray was hobbled after hip surgery) the Brit won all eight sets they contested.
It was a cosy match-up for Murray, but if we look at the first serve percentage of Pouille in those four easy wins for Murray we find that Pouille only found between 45% and 56% of first serves.
That gave him little chance to get on the front foot, but if he continues the remarkably consistent serving that we've seen this fortnight the Frenchman may have a chance of at least making this uncomfortable for the Serb.
Djokovic's record against opponents ranked between 15 and 30 in the world (at the time of the match) at hard courts majors shows that he's only ever lost one of 29 (against Lleyton Hewitt back in 2006) and he's won the last 27 in a row, but that doesn't tell the whole story.
In seven of his last 10 against them he's been taken past the 30.5 total games mark and five of the last nine have been 3-1 wins for Djokovic (including two this tournament).
Indeed, had Daniil Medvedev not blown a golden chance to take a break lead in set three of their encounter when Djokovic looked to be struggling physically it may have turned out to be very interesting.
One could also point out that we haven't yet seen the best of Djokovic this tournament, although these days he does tend to save his better form until he really needs it.
In his 17 major semi-finals on hard Djokovic is 14-3, with two losses coming at the hands of Roger Federer and one to Kei Nishikori, but again only two of his last seven have been won in fewer than 30.5 games and only two have been straight sets wins.
Certainly one of the big differences between this pair is the return of serve, in which Djokovic consistently produces high numbers of breaks, while Pouille, as with Stefanos Tsitsipas, isn't quite there yet.
The Frenchman has certainly relied heavily on his serve this tournament, with those 93% holds, but he's broken only 15.2% of the time and in his last 12 months on this surface he's broken 18.4% of the time.
That's unlikely to be good enough against Djokovic, who's broken serve 42% of the time this fortnight, and usually breaks around 28-29% of the time, based on his last 12 months and last 50 matches on this surface at main level.
Combine that with an 88% hold of serve mark and it looks difficult for Pouille, so for me the wagers of interest here are the over 30.5 games at 1.85 or the 3-1 set betting score to Djokovic at 3.80.
Recommended Bet
0.5 points win over 30.5 games in Djokovic v Pouille (1.85, Unibet)


Professor Patrick Alcedo was presented the "Pinoy of the Year" award at the Golden Balangay Award Ceremony on 9 September 2017 in Toronto. Alcedo is a Professor of Dance and a Faculty Associate of the York Centre for Asian Research. He was nominated for the award as part of a nationwide call for outstanding Filipinos in Canada.
The Golden Balangay Awards were created to acknowledge and celebrate the contributions of Filipino Canadians and mark their historical achievements as an immigrant community.
"If you meet Professor Alcedo in person you can see why he deserves the award. He brings a contagious optimism and an ambitious energy to everything he does," said YCAR Director, Abidin Kusno.
Alcedo was born and raised in Aklan, Philippines. He left the Philippines in 1996 when he moved to the United States for his doctoral studies and subsequent fellowships. He arrived in Canada in 2007 when he accepted a job as an Assistant Professor at York.
Despite the challenges he faced, Professor Alcedo has accomplished a lot in his young career. He is a recognized expert in dance ethnography and Philippine traditional dances. He has also produced and directed several films focusing on social and cultural topics related to the Philippines. His academic work focuses on the performance of gender, folklorization of religion, and world dance in the diaspora.
Alcedo received his PhD in Dance History and Theory from the University of California, Riverside, where he then became a postdoctoral fellow with the Southeast Asian, Text, Ritual, and Performance Program. In 2007, he took residence at the Smithsonian Institute in Washington, D.C. as a Rockefeller Humanities Fellow in Theorizing Cultural Heritage.
The Golden Balangay Awards aim to promote excellence, hard work, higher education, entrepreneurship, public service, positive relationships and community involvement in the Filipino community in Canada.


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DynaPro provides all of this functionality within a slim, stylish, and rugged payment secure cryptographic device (SCD) that can be hand-held or fix mounted. DynaPro allows merchants to use one device for a variety of card technologies. DynaPro encrypts cardholder payment data and exceeds PCI DSS security requirements for EMV payment technologies.
The DynaPro's integrated features provide a single point-of-transaction interface for all of your consumers' payment and transactional needs. The compact design provides a small footprint that fits easily into retail POS environments. DynaPro comes standard as a PIN entry device with a secure card reader, EMV smartcard reader, secure PIN pad, color display, programmable function buttons, and a USB 2.0 interface.
Optional features include: NFC contactless card reader, signature capture, privacy shield, and Ethernet interface. DynaPro expands its acceptance with PIN or signature user authentication, accepting most payment methods, including traditional PIN debit, EMV Chip and PIN, or EMV Chip and Signature.
DynaPro provides the highest levels of physical and logical security, is PCI PTS 3.x SRED compliant, and combines industry best practices and standards for encryption (3DES), key management (DUKPT), and data protection. It protects consumer transaction data by encrypting all PIN, magstripe, smartcard, contactless, and manually keyed data as soon as it is entered into the device.
DynaPro uses MagnePrint® card authentication which can identify and detect counterfeit magnetic stripe ATM, Debit, Credit, and Gift cards, and render them useless. This state-of-the-art security is designed to identity and prevent fraud before it happens.
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Each device has its own unique, unchangeable serial number, which supports audit tracking, device/host authentication and remote services. MagTek's secure remote services include key injection and device configuration. These services are compliant with PCI P2PE environments, and eliminate the need for merchants to manage sensitive information such as encryption keys or device configuration settings. Remote services for key and device management allow for the upgrade of keys or device security settings throughout the life of the device, and remove the need for retailers to recall devices. Such flexibility provides peace of mind in knowing that you have maximum flexibility to manage changes in the future and the flexibility to support tomorrow?s evolving technologies.
Also available as EMV L1 only version.


Mr. Nanda is Former Secretary of the Department of Family Welfare, GOI and also served as the Registrar General of India. He is the former Executive Director of Population Foundation of India. He is a passionate proponent of sexual reproductive health rights and has written numerous papers, articles for publications.
Dr. Ghosh is associated with Association for Social and Health Advancement (ASHA) in West Bengal and expert in matrenal helath and rights. She is a Paediatricians in profession and actively involved in maternal and child health issues.
Jashodhara Dasgupta is the Coordinator of SAHAYOG. She is an activist and researcher working on women's rights issues. She is part of local, regional and global platforms to advocate for maternal mortality and human rights and the International Initiative on Maternal Mortality and Human Rights.
Renu Khanna is a founding trustee of SAHAJ - Society for Health Alternatives in Gujarat, India. She is a joint convener of the People's Health Movement, a Steering Committee Member of the Coalition for Maternal Health and Safe Abortion, and a Member of Medico Friend Circle.


We are using the JBPM by calling REST API in our application.
In our process, the approving users are not fixed, we need to programmatically add one or more Human Task activity after the process instance started, and set the approver and some params.
I think it should be done by [POST] /execute and AddTaskCommand, is it correct?
I can't find any example of the XML to be input into the method.
How do I call REST to add human task, and how to input the XML required?
It's really appreciated if can provide a detail example, thanks!


Nifty crossed 8900 after 18 months, Sensex at 52 weeks high. Watch complete news story of Top 10 Market News for getting detailed updates! Zee Business is one of the leading and fastest growing Hindi business news channels in India. The channel has revolutionized business news by its innovative programming and path-breaking strategy of making business news a 24/7 activity as it is not just limited to the stock market.


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Kerry Washington Reveals Why She Named Her Baby 'Isabelle'
The "Scandal" actress went the sentimental route.
ByLESLEY MESSER
Kerry Washington is pictured on June 29, 2014 in Los Angeles.
Jason LaVeris/Getty Images
— -- Kerry Washington never talks about her personal life, but she has revealed a bit about her daughter.
The "Scandal" star appeared on "Jimmy Kimmel Live" Thursday and bonded with the late night host about their newborn daughters.
"I heard your baby's named after her grandmother?" Washington asked Kimmel. "Mine is too, named after my grandmother."
Why Kerry Washington Feels 'Really Blessed' Being a Mom
Kerry Washington and Nnamdi Asomugha Welcome a Daughter
"We should swap them and see if our families notice," joked Kimmel. "Just for a few days."
Washington, 37, and her husband, Nnamdi Asomugha, 33, welcomed their daughter, Isabelle, in April. During her pregnancy, Kimmel, a "good friend," pampered the actress with a shipment of barbecue from La Barbecue in Austin, Texas.
"There's nothing more kind to do for a pregnant lady than [sending her] a box full of frozen deliciousness," gushed Washington of the gesture. "It was amazing."


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You are here: Home / Reviews / Comic Book TV / PREVIOUSLY ON… #50: Daredevil Season Three Review, 2019 predictions, and my 2018 Favorites in Music!
PREVIOUSLY ON… #50: Daredevil Season Three Review, 2019 predictions, and my 2018 Favorites in Music!
December 24, 2018 by Dave 1 Comment
This week I share my thoughts on Daredevil's final season (and where the series fits in the overall MCU), make some predictions for comics in 2019, and rank my favorite albums of the year!
Note: Light spoilers for DD S3 follow!
Featured Comic Book TV Of the Week –
Daredevil (Netflix) Season Three
As much as I've enjoyed the Netflix Daredevil since launch in 2015, I would not have guessed the series would come together this strong for its third and final (as it turns out)season.
The Marvel Netflix partnership has been in an unshakeable slump since Daredevil's second season was released in 2016 (some would say the slump *started* with DD S2). Daredevil's third season course corrects all of this with an incredibly gripping thriller. While the action and character work are top notch as always, the thirteen episode's ability to magnify and elucidate fading trust in stable institutions is remarkable.
Captain America 2: The Winter Soldier was rightly praised for capturing the paranoia of fallen establishments,but I honestly think Daredevil S3 hits this feeling even harder, in a moment when the feeling needs to be articulated. Every time Karen, Matt, Foggy, and Agent Ray Nadeem turn to the"right way" of doing things, the law warps into a molested monstrosity hand-crafted by the Kingpin of crime. The pit of despair endlessly escalates, refusing to let Daredevil and his engaging supporting cast hit bottom.
Support For Comic Book Herald:
Comic Book Herald is reader-supported. When you buy through links on our site, we may earn a qualifying affiliate commission.
Comic Book Herald's reading orders and guides are also made possible by reader support on Patreon, and generous reader donations.
Any size contribution will help keep CBH alive and full of new comics guides and content. Support CBH on Patreon for exclusive rewards, or Donate here! Thank you for reading!
Even mid-way through the thirteenth episode it remains unclear: Can they actually get out of this?
All in all, it's a masterclass in tension and a clever interpretation of a modern Daredevil: Born Again. Truth be told, Daredevil S3 is a substantially better Kingpin vs Daredevil showdown, with the duo's relationship firmly established, and the Kingpin at the absolute height of his powers. Despite his status as an inmate at the start of the season, Vincent D'onofrio's Wilson Fisk pulls every string throughout this narrative, including the supervillain origin of one Benjamin Poindexter, aka Bullseye.
The gradual build of Bullseye as a nightmarish perversion of Daredevil's vigilantism is perhaps the most surprisingly effective work executed in season three. I thought I was done with Marvel Netflix's slow-play special, but the Bullseye build is earned. More importantly, the storyline is supported by an entire Hell's Kitchen universe that's already earned my trust and interest. If you'd told me before the season that the series ends with the possibility of Poindexter in a Bullseye costume, I'd have dismissed the decision as another example of the brand's worst tendencies. Watching it play out, though, I'm just disappointed we won't see this version of Bullseye on screen.
In a strange twist of fate, as the third season was renewing my faith in the Marvel Netflix brand, Netflix announced the series cancellation. While it's disappointing that such a successful adaptation is put down like this when there's clearly more story to tell, I do think season three works as a fitting endpoint, and stands as one of the finest works in the entire MCU.
MCU Power Rankings!
Tier 1: The Best
1) Avengers: Infinity War
2) Jessica Jones (Season 1)
3) Avengers
4) Guardians of the Galaxy
5) Thor: Ragnarok
Tier 2: Great
6) Captain America 3: Civil War
7) Black Panther
8) Captain America 2: The Winter Soldier
9) Daredevil (Seasons 1,2,3)
10) Spider-Man: Homecoming
11) Iron Man
Tier 3: Good
12) Captain America: The First Avenger
13) The Punisher
14) Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2
15) Iron Man 3
16) Ant-Man & The Wasp
17) Avengers 2: Age of Ultron
18) Ant-Man
19) Doctor Strange
Tier 4: Mixed Feelings
20) Runaways
21) Luke Cage (Seasons 1 & 2)
22) Thor 2: The Dark World
23) Defenders
Tier 5: I'll Watch With a Comic In Hand
24) Thor
25) Agents of SHIELD (Seasons 1 through 4)
26) Agent Carter (Seasons 1 & 2)
27) Iron Fist Season Two
28) Incredible Hulk
Tier 6: Nope
30) Jessica Jones (Season Two)
31) Too much coffee on an empty stomach
32) Iron Fist Season 1
33) Baby poops in the tub
34) Inhumans
Comic Books!
TREND: 2019 Predictions
Here's what's going to happen next year in comics!
Marvel – War of the Realms Is Going To Be Good
By my count, it's been three full years since Marvel had an out-and-out good event series. It's certainly not for lack of trying.
Nonetheless, I have genuinely high hopes for The War of the Realms. Modern Marvel events tend to work better when three conditions are met:
An ongoing series has been building up to the event for more than a year
The same writer of said series is also writing the event
The event involves Doctor Doom
Two out of three ain't bad, and Jason Aaron's Thor run is now – quite astonishingly – on six years of general excellence.
For the record, I'm also very intrigued by Age of X-Man, but expect the net product will be a more uneven transitional comic.
2) DC – Batman's Going to Make a Comeback
It's perhaps strange to predict big things for the biggest seller in comics, but the critical reception of Batman has waned throughout 2018. In particular, the disastrous rollout of Batman #50 is one of the worst looks DC's had since Rebirth began in 2016, and puts an exclamation point on a slumping backhalf of the year.
Likewise, Batman writer Tom King has finally hit full backlash with Heroes in Crisis (this despite the fact he and Mitch Gerads still made my favorite comic book of 2018). King's written some of the best comics of the last 4 years, but both Batman and Heroes in Crisis have DC questioning the plan.
I don't know that Heroes in Crisis can ever really be salvaged (wrong plot, wrong place, wrong time), but I do fully expect Batman to make a comeback as one of 2019's best series. King's been promising a 100+issue plot since he started on the title, and as we move into the 70's it's time for the threads to begin weaving together in fascinating ways. There's a little bit of faith that goes into this prediction – when King's on point, his Batman can rank among some of the best we've seen in the 2000's.
So here's me saying, I trust where King and company are taking the title, and fully expect great things next year.
3) The "Indies" – The Year of Hickman
You know who was oddly quiet in 2018? My favorite comic book writer: Jonathan Hickman!
Hickman's been unattached to either of the big two for three full years now (unless you count the hilariously delayed S.H.I.E.L.D. #5 and #6), and has worked on some of my absolute favorite comics over that time. The likes of East of West, The Black Monday Murders, and The Dead & Dying are all highly recommended reads.
The biggest issue I have with any of these comics is simply that the rate of release has slowed to a crawl. Fortunately, Hickman announced toward the end of the year that both East of West and The Black Monday Murders will release their series final arcs in 2019, which has me anticipating a year of reflection on two of the best comics, well, of all time!
LOVE OF THE WEEK
Since it's the end of 2018, my love of the week lists out my favorite albums of the year (from #10 to #1!).
Wise Blood – +
Vince Staples – FM!
Broncho – Bad Behavior
Superchunk – What a Time To Be Alive
IDLES – Joy as an Act of Resistance
Kendrick Lamar – Black Panther Soundtrack
Merlin – The Wizard
Shame – Songs of Praise
Tierra Whack – Whack World
Jeff Rosenstock – POST
Antarctigo Vespucci
ANMLPLNET – Fall Asleep
Janelle Monae – Dirty Computer
Filed Under: Comic Book TV, Featured Tagged With: Daredevil, previously on
Heroically Support Comic Book Herald!
If you like Comic Book Herald, and are able to donate, any small contribution will help keep CBH alive and full of new comics guides and content. Donate here! Or, support CBH on Patreon for exclusive rewards! Thank you for reading!
Dave is the founder and Editor-in-Chief of Comic Book Herald, and also the Boss of assigning himself fancy titles. He's a long-time comic book fan, and can be seen most evenings in Batman pajama pants. Contact Dave @comicbookherald on Twitter or via email at dave@comicbookherald.com.
Julieta says
You also have various types on the best way to choice,
which are separate, straight, or crevices.


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Q: Get duration between 2 dates with momentjs and angular-bootstrap Datepicker I've put together 2 Datepickers from angular-bootstrap. I'm using moment.js to calculate the difference between the 2 Dates. The default difference is 20 hours between the Dates when you start the App. This gets calculated fine.
When I'm changing the End Date with the Popup Datepicker I'm getting a TypeError: undefined is not a function error.
The error is at the end in the duration function
return moment.duration(end.diff(start)).humanize();

where the diff(... starts.
This is the code:

angular.module('ui.bootstrap.demo', ['ui.bootstrap','angularMoment']);
angular.module('ui.bootstrap.demo').controller('DatepickerDemoCtrl', function($scope) {
  $scope.maxDate = new moment().add(100, 'y');

  // start date
  $scope.startDateToday = function() {
    $scope.startDate = new moment();
  };
  $scope.startDateToday();

  $scope.startDateClear = function() {
    $scope.startDate = null;
  };

  $scope.startDateOpen = function($event) {
    $event.preventDefault();
    $event.stopPropagation();

    $scope.startDateOpened = true;
  };

  // end date
  $scope.endDateToday = function() {
    $scope.endDate = new moment().add(20, 'h');
  };
  $scope.endDateToday();

  $scope.endDateClear = function() {
    $scope.endDate = null;
  };

  $scope.endDateOpen = function($event) {
    $event.preventDefault();
    $event.stopPropagation();

    $scope.endDateOpened = true;
  };

  // generic functions
  $scope.toggleMin = function() {
    $scope.minDate = new moment();
  };
  $scope.toggleMin();

  $scope.dateOptions = {
    formatYear: 'yy',
    startingDay: 1
  };

  $scope.formats = ['dd-MMMM-yyyy', 'yyyy/MM/dd', 'dd.MM.yyyy', 'shortDate'];
  $scope.format = $scope.formats[2];

  // duration
  $scope.getDuration = function(start, end) {
    return moment.duration(end.diff(start)).humanize();
  };

});
<!doctype html>

    <link href="//netdna.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.1.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">

Start Date

              <input type="text" class="form-control" datepicker-popup="{{format}}" ng-model="startDate" is-open="startDateOpened" min-date="minDate" max-date="{{maxDate}}" datepicker-options="dateOptions" ng-required="true" close-text="Close" />

                <button type="button" class="btn btn-default" ng-click="startDateOpen($event)"></button>

    <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-info" ng-click="startDateToday()">Today</button>
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-danger" ng-click="startDateClear()">Clear</button>

End Date

              <input type="text" class="form-control" datepicker-popup="{{format}}" ng-model="endDate" is-open="endDateOpened" min-date="minDate" max-date="{{maxDate}}" datepicker-options="dateOptions" ng-required="true" close-text="Close" />

                <button type="button" class="btn btn-default" ng-click="endDateOpen($event)"></button>

    <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-info" ng-click="endDateToday()">Today</button>
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-danger" ng-click="endDateClear()">Clear</button>

Start Date: {{startDate | date:'fullDate' }}

End Date: {{endDate | date:'fullDate' }}

Duration: {{getDuration(startDate, endDate)}}

If the Datepicker is not popping up, try the  Plnkr. There's no error, but the duration gets set to undefined. Why is the getDuration function behaving this way?

A: Chabge getDuration to :
  $scope.getDuration = function(start, end) {
    try {
      return ((moment.duration(end - start)).humanize());
    } catch (e) {
      return "Cant evaluate"
    }
  };

Please see demo here http://plnkr.co/edit/G5eMB65rrcU3sN7rAR7N?p=preview

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange