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['80s Rock Album Focus] DARE – Out Of The Silence (1988)
Out Of The Silence (1988)
Genre: AOR / Pop Rock / Hard Rock
Label: A&M Records Ltd.
Producer(s): Larry Klein
http://aornightdrive.blogspot.com.br/
Rising from the ashes of Thin Lizzy, hard rock band Dare debuted in 1988 with a phenomenal collection of melodic rock gems, titled "Out of the Silence". Led by keyboard player and vocalist Darren Wharton, Dare quickly established a solid fanbase with their powerful AOR statement. Don't look for any traces of Thin Lizzy because you won't find them. Dare's "Out of the Silence" is an elegant melodic rock treasure, combining all elements, necessary to make it unforgettable. From the enhanced but highly pleasant keyboards to the intriguing lyrics; from the monumental hooks to the brilliant haunting voice of Darren Wharton – "Out of the Silence" was destined to conquer and please our ears.
Well-polished rockers like "Abandon" and "Into the Fire" are a couple of the stand-outs and reasons why this is an absolute classic AOR album that should be owned by everyone. "Into the Fire" impresses with its mysterious intro that progresses into a magical, captivating sonic experience I wish everyone could experience on a daily basis. "Abandon" has to be one of the greatest opening tracks in the history of AOR records – indescribably satisfying hooks and persuasive chorus that could win the heart of anyone. Let's talk ballads – "King of Spades" is a supreme mellow rocker, granting you a first-row seat to the beautiful but touching confession of Darren Wharton. "Nothing Is Stronger Than Love" is a personal favorite and one of my most beloved guilty pleasures. Regardless of the high level of sugar, it's still a sensual, quite cushy love song that is suitable for all the softies out there. "Runaway", "Under the Sun", "Return the Heart" – all unbelievably well-done songs that go straight to your heart and never leave.
All in all, "Out of the Silence" is a masterful testimony of how great the '80s were. Albums like this one possess those enchanting rock vibes that just make you play it over and over again. I am a sucker for melodic rock and this is one of my favorite AOR albums. I do hope you guys enjoy it as much as I do!
Cheers to Dare!
"Abandon" – 4:35
"Into The Fire" – 4:53
"Nothing Is Stronger Than Love" – 4:42
"Runaway" – 4:29
"Under The Sun" – 6:12
"The Raindance" – 5:23
"King Of Spades" – 4:44
"Heartbreaker" – 3:38
"Return The Heart" – 5:09
"Don't Let Go" – 5:37
Nothing Is Stronger Than Love
Posted on February 8, 2017 February 8, 2017 Categories 80s, 80s Rock Albums, aor, Greatest Albums of the 80s, Lists, Music Album, Music Video, Playlist, Rock Music, SongTags 80s, 80salbums, 80srocked, 80ssongs, albumart, albumfocus, albumoftheweek, albumreview, aor, classicrock, dare, favoritealbums, favoritesongs, greatalbum, greatalbums, love, musicvideo, mymusic, rockbands, videoLeave a comment on ['80s Rock Album Focus] DARE – Out Of The Silence (1988)
Congratulations to Rock & Roll Hall of Fame 2017 Inductees
It's official! Pearl Jam, Tupac Shakur, Journey, YES, Electric Light Orchestra and Joan Baez are joining Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2017. Nile Rodgers from Chic will receive the Award for Musical Excellence.
The full list of nominees included Bad Brains, Chaka Khan, Chic, Depeche Mode, ELO, the J. Geils Band, Jane's Addiction, Janet Jackson, Joan Baez, Joe Tex, Journey, Kraftwerk, MC5, Pearl Jam, Steppenwolf, the Cars, Zombies, Tupac Shakur and Yes.
Fans were once again involved in the decision by voting on Rock Hall's official website. Their votes, along with the opinions of hundreds of notable critics, journalists, musicians, industry insiders and every living Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductees, finalized the class of 2017.
The induction ceremony will be held at Brooklyn's Barclays Center on April 7th, 2017. The event will also be aired on HBO in later months.
Last year, the inductees included Cheap Trick, Deep Purple, Steve Miller, Chicago and N.W.A.
I am immensely satisfied with this year's list of Rock Hall inductees. Journey's induction was long overdue and the thought of seeing Steve Perry back on that stage with Neal Schon and the rest of the guys will definitely keep me warm for the upcoming winter. I was sure that either ELO or YES will be inducted, however to my surprise the Rock Hall decided to induct both of those progressive rock giants. If this is not a cause for celebration, I don't know what is! I am very happy that one of the most important voices of folk music – Joan Baez, will also be given the recognition she deserves. Pearl Jam became eligible this year and immediately got in. I was expecting it, to be honest. The "controversial" inductee this year would be the deceased d Tupac Shakur. I have been following comments on social media since the release of the results and I have to say, fans are not satisfied. I can understand why Rock Hall decided to induct him, but that doesn't mean it's the right direction. With respect to him and his unquestionable legacy, I have to say that I am not entirely agreeing with this decision, nor am I mad about it. He deserves a special place in history of modern music, but Rock Hall is probably not where he belongs.
Meet the inductees:
One of the most beloved American bands – Journey are going to be inducted into the Rock Hall of Fame in 2017. With more than 90 million records sold worldwide, 14 studio albums and 59 timeless hit singles, their induction is more than justified. Originally a progressive rock band, Journey rose to stardom in the late 70s and enjoyed commercial success throughout the '80s. With a change in musical direction and "the voice" himself – Steve Perry, fronting the band, Journey spawned some of the most groundbreaking staples of arena rock in the '80s, including "Don't Stop Believin'", "Separate Ways", "Open Arms", "Send Her My Love", "Faithfully" and many more.
Fans are waiting with anticipation to find out whether Steve Perry will join the band for the induction ceremony. If he does, that would be the highlight of the evening, I am sure.
The progressive rock monsters, YES, are also among the members of "class of 2017 Rock Hall inductees". Founded by Jon Anderson in the late 60s, this outstanding band, composed of classically trained musicians, created structured rock music that challenged the concept of progressive rock. From their debut album, released in 1969, fueled with brilliant harmonies and symphonic elements, to their pop-oriented musical style in the '80s with the album "90125", YES sold more than 13 million copies in the USA alone, making them one of the best-selling progressive rock acts of all time. "Fragile" is often considered to be YES' finest record. Released in 1971, the album became synonymous with YES and quickly turned into a commercial and critical success.
I am excited to see "Roundabout" materialize on the stage of Rock Hall of Fame induction ceremony. Fingers crossed that they will play it!
One of my favorite bands of all time – Electric Light Orchestra, led by the musical genius Jeff Lynne himself, will also be joining the Rock Hall in 2017. Immensely uplifting, spirited, incorporating elements of modern rock, classical music, friendlier pop-sounds, piano, string instruments and keyboards, the music of ELO influenced generations of music lovers. Selling over 50 million records worldwide and releasing 50 hit singles, ELO truly deserved the recognition they are getting from the Rock Hall. "Eldorado" (1974) and "Time" (1981) are among the band's most signature and influential concept releases. Timeless classics like "Evil Woman", "Don't Bring Me Down", "Mr Blue Sky", "Ticket to the Moon" and "Rock n' Roll is King" will forever remain a staple of art/progressive rock.
They say that if The Beatles hadn't broken up in the late 60s, this is what they would've sound in the 70s.
Pearl Jam has to be one of the most representative grunge bands of all time, following Nirvana, of course. Armed with radio appeal and possessing that pure rock spirit, their commercial success was inevitable in the 90s. Their infamous 1991 album "Ten" sold over 13 million copies in the USA alone, making it a key player of the grunge movement. No wonder critics refer to them as one of the most popular American bands of the 1990s. Pearl Jam brought alternative music into the mainstream with commitment and a much desired freshness. Their stripped down, heavy approach to music laid the foundations of modern rock music.
A songwriter, musician and most importantly, a social activist, Joan Baez is known for being one of the most essential key players of the counterculture in the '60s. Despite her folk roots, she has also been notable for playing country, pop and gospel music. Throughout her career, she has participated in many Civil Rights Movement demonstrations, performed and wrote songs about war, human rights, LGBT rights and many other social issues. Joan and her music have been an inspiration for many people all over the world who have been treated unjustly.
Her first three albums, Joan Baez, Joan Baez, Vol. 2, and Joan Baez in Concert are all critically acclaimed releases and widely beloved.
Chic's Nile Rodgers is 2017 Rock Hall Musical Excellence award Inductee. One quick scan through his long and prolific career will give you an idea of why is he given this award. Challenging the boundaries of music by leading an original disco band whose members didn't rely on synthesizers and machines, but rather on their own skills, Nile Rodgers quickly gained recognition for his artistic vision and creative approach to music.
He has worked as a producer, songwriter, composer, musician and guitarist with almost every artist in the industry – Madonna, Daft Punk, Duran Duran, David Bowie, INXS and countless more. His innovative musicianship and fearless production skills are finally getting the recognition they deserve.
Tupac Shakur is famous for his hip hop music, fuelled with themes, dealing with racism, social injustice, violence and the hardships of life on the streets. His brave approach to lyricism got recognized by fans and critics all over the world, making him one of the best-selling artists of all time. 2Pac's double disc albums All Eyez on Me and his Greatest Hits are among the best-selling albums in the United States alone. On his first year of eligibility, he will be inducted into the Rock Hall of Fame in April, 2017.
Photos, taken from Rock Hall of Fame official website: http://rockhall.com/ and Google images.
Information, facts and sales numbers retrieved from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org
Posted on December 21, 2016 December 21, 2016 Categories Lists, Music Video, News, Progressive Rock, Rock Music, SongTags 2016, 2017, electriclightorchestra, jefflynne, joanba, journey, list, News, nilerodgers, pearljam, progressiverock, rockbands, rocknroll, rocknrollhalloffame, steveperry, tupac, yesLeave a comment on Congratulations to Rock & Roll Hall of Fame 2017 Inductees
Why is BOSTON's Debut Album One Of The Greatest Albums Of All Time
It's a cold November morning and I am sitting here, at my university, waiting for my next classes to come. My headphones are on because well, music is basically the only thing besides the warm coffee in my hands that actually gets me going through the day. You can find all sorts of treasures on my music player – mostly '70s and '80s hard rock and the occasional new wave/pop retro tune. After a series of glam rock favorites, suddenly I hear the stunning intro of Boston's "More Than a Feeling" and just like that, a little smile appears on my face as I silently start singing along with the haunting vocals of Brad Delp. It was this gorgeous song that introduced me to Boston and their debut album. I had no idea who they were as musicians or what they did – all I wanted was to listen and dive as deep as I can into the album, I was simply entranced… The song was over way too soon, but my thoughts kept on sending me back to that glorious year – 1976. I, of course, wasn't born during the '70s but that doesn't mean I can't appreciate or truly feel the magic and impact of such brilliant music.
Boston are definitely not the most prolific band in the world but they can freely brag with splendid records like "Don't Look Back" (1978) and "Third Stage" (1986). It was their monstrous self-titled debut album however, what most people will remember them by. The tremendous strength with which the record smashed into the music world in the mid-70s could easily be justified with the 25 million copies sold worldwide. Not only that, but "Boston" was actually the best-selling debut album of all time before Guns N' Roses released "Appetite for Destruction" in 1987. There should be a reason for such enormous recognition, right? Well, the album is just that good! It traveled all the way from the '70s to my tiny little rock heart and completely conquered it. I am sure many people feel the same way as I do – especially those of you who were actually there to witness how one debut album became the ultimate staple of American rock music (not just in the '70s but in general). Here's why I think this album should be heard and acknowledged by every self-respecting music fan!
Tom Scholz
Behind every great record, there's a hardworking mastermind with a clear vision, a special touch and a lot of persistence.
Who could've thought that Tom Scholz – a MIT graduate who worked at the Polariod Corporation would come up with the perfect sonic formula and craft rock music that will change history? It all started as a mere fascination but it didn't take him that long to realize that his connection with music goes way beyond a simple hobby. He assembled a little cozy record studio in his basement where he would spend countless of sleepless nights in an attempt to create the perfect song. Tom was a persistent, goal-driven visionary who knew his way around the studio and didn't let anyone else take that away from him. Even when the band was finally signed to EMI and the album was about to be released, Tom always stayed true to himself. He wrote or co-wrote (with the exception of "Let Me Take You Home Tonight," written by Delp) all the songs on the debut album, played all the instruments, recorded, engineered and pretty much did everything by himself. Mad genius, working in a basement or not, it was his demons that changed the rules of the game at the end.
The Sci-Fi Logo
After they changed the name of the band from Mother's Milk to Boston, it was time to come up with a revolutionary album artwork that could perfectly represent the concept of the album. Again, the idea was given by Scholz who wanted a "spaceship guitar", symbolizing "escape". Three people participated in the design, illustration and lettering, before we were finally presented with the final product. The eye-catching and highly intriguing sci-fi logo became an absolute landmark and one of the most instantly-recognizable album covers.
"The Boston Sound"
There was a reason why Boston and this album completely took control over the radio stations and haven't actually left their spot ever since. The record found the perfect balance between pop and rock by crafting a splendid mixture of gorgeous vocal harmonies, gentle, yet rough guitar riffs, spellbinding melodic hooks and dreamy lyrics, all wrapped up under the influence of the classical music, Tom grew up listening to. Each musical segment was crafted carefully, with strict precision and dedication to achieve the ultimate impact. Because of its universal appeal, great production value and adoption of quite accessible, easy to digest sounds, the debut album marked the beginning arena rock – a pivotal and unavoidable moment in the development of rock music.
Magical – that's the word I would use for the Boston sound. I was under its influence the moment I heard the first track…
"More Than a Feeling" is probably the main reason why Boston and their debut record became one of the most popular rock acts of the late 70s. Each and every second of this song was designed to instantaneously crawl under your skin, inject its blessing and leave you in a state of trance. Tom Scholz is a genius and if you haven't figured it out yet, listen to the track one more time.
From Brad Delp's killer vocals, relentlessly playing with your senses to the mind-shivering guitars, "More Than a Feeling" is the crown jewel of Boston's career. For them it was way more than an opening track – it was their first single and first attempt to make a name for themselves. Well, after selling a couple of million records, we can somehow conclude that they did in fact make history.
You can listen to the whole album here:
"Boston" Official Wikipedia Page: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston_(album)
Posted on November 16, 2016 November 16, 2016 Categories 70s, Music Album, Music Video, Playlist, Rock Music, SongTags 1976, 70s, albumart, albumcover, albumfocus, albumreview, american, anniversary, boston, classicrock, favoritealbums, favoriteband, favoritesongs, love, music, myfavorite, personalthoughts, rockbands, songs, thoughts3 Comments on Why is BOSTON's Debut Album One Of The Greatest Albums Of All Time
Rock Legends Who Deserve to be Inducted in the Rock 'N' Roll Hall of Fame Right Now!!!
I have very strong opinions towards this "institution" called Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and I have always been one of those people who cannot stop criticizing and being mad at their rather shady and unrealistic nomination process. Let's face it – Rock and Roll Hall of Fame is an absolute joke and it doesn't really reflect or represent an objective and fair point of view. Not to mention that they include too many artists from all kinds of genres which confuses people and makes them lose their trust in this "institution". They lost me as a fan and a supporter a long time ago. However, I cannot ignore their inductions because if I do ignore what's happening, it will bug me and I won't be able to find my sleep!!! Bottom line is – if you are a top rock act with a career that lasted for more than 30+ years and you sold millions of records, the chance of you being inducted into this "piss stain" is very SLIM! WHY? No one knows… Money? Politics? Basically, all that crap that ruin everything decent in life… The nomination process sucks and they better hope I never find a way to get down there and give them a little rock 'n' roll lesson cause apparently they don't really know what that is….
Anyhow, these are 10 of the most outstanding and timeless rock legends who guess what… are NOT INDUCTED in the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame! Let's talk a little bit about their accomplishments and careers and try to figure out who in their right mind decided that THEY ARE NOT ELIGIBLE for this "prestigious" recognition! I swear, I'm losing it… Let's just hope that they will be inducted sometime soon. The influence, success and love for those following artists is SO HUGE that they most definitely DESERVE to be there among the other legends of rock music… Let's check them out!
Def Leppard have been active since the late 70s and never stopped making awesome music. With their Platinum hit records "Pyromania" and "Hysteria", they basically ruled the hard rock scene in the 80s and quickly became one of the best-selling bands in the world. They have sold over 100 million records worldwide and released over 50 timeless classic singles we can't get enough of. I can't stop asking myself why are they STILL NOT INDUCTED in Rock & Roll Hall of Fame?? Only a few other artists managed to sell over 10 million copies of an original studio album and if this is not a worthy accomplishment I don't know what is…
Iron Maiden – the absolute pioneers of British Heavy Metal and one of the most influential and successful rock bands ever! They began their journey in the late 70s and so far have released 38 albums which sold more than 90 million copies worldwide!!! Their contributions and achievements are unquestionable and they should be inducted in Rock Hall of Fame RIGHT NOW!
Judas Priest – the fathers of metal and one of the most essential bands for the development and success of rock music back in the day. In the 70s, they helped shape thrash and in the 80s they just blew everyone's minds away with their heavy metal sound and innovations. Up to date, they have sold more than 45 million records worldwide and influenced the majority of rock artists with their unique style, image and music. Induct them NOW, please!
Journey (2017 Inductees)
Journey! A band that went through a lot of line-up changes but became one of the most commercially successful rock acts of the 80s. They have 18 top 40 singles and a number of unforgettable tunes we love with all our hearts – "Open Arms", "Don't Stop Believin'" and many more. Journey sold over 48 million records and became one of America's most beloved bands! Also, we have to talk about Steve Perry and his immense contributions and vocal abilities which became one of the main reasons why they reached such success back in the day! They deserve to be inducted for sure!
This right here is the biggest mistake of Rock Hall of Fame – not inducting the MOST influential and talented rockstar – Ronnie James Dio. I can never forgive them for that. I don't really need someone to tell me that he was a legend and a pioneer of rock, but he deserves to be acknowledged and respected for what he did. His name should be alongside the other big names – Zeppelin, Pink Floyd, Black Sabbath, etc. He fronted Dio, Black Sabbath, Rainbow, Elf and Heaven & Hell and sold over 47 million albums over the span of his career! It's time, Rock & Roll Hall of Fame – it's time!!
Bon Jovi were nominated in 2011 but couldn't make it – I have absolutely no idea why, though! They have the whole package – a long and productive career, amazing and charismatic frontman, timeless classic rock hits, sold over 100 million records worldwide and keep on releasing awesome music! Come on, Rock Hall of Fame – it's now or never!
ELP – one of the most essential progressive rock supergroup which completely re-defined the music scene. Formed back in the 70s, these phenomenal artists were destined for success. By combining unique elements of classical music, jazz, symphonic rock and excessive use of Hammond organ, they crafted a sound that was never heard of or will ever be heard again! Such influential bands should be inducted in Rock & Roll Hall of Fame – no second opinion about it.
Electric Light Orchestra (2017 Inductees)
Sometimes it really makes me mad when people just forget about the influence and success of this awesome rock band. Formed back in the 1970s, they have also crafted a unique sound, combining elements of Beatlesque pop, classical arrangements, and futuristic iconography. Not to mention that they have 27 top 40 hits and an outstanding leader in the face of Jeffrey "Jeff" Lynne who also by the way co-founded the supergroup Traveling Wilburys and is the only one of them who is not included…Such a SHAME!
Dire Straits – a band everyone loves listening to! They became hugely successful in the 80s with their distinctive sound, drawing influences from jazz, folk and blues music. Their biggest triumph was undoubtedly the ultimate "Brothers in Arms" which became the first album to cell million copies on CDs. Not to mention the tons of music awards they received throughout their career… Bottom line is, Dire Straits are awesome and they should be inducted!
Motörhead are undoubtedly the pioneers of speed and thrash metal. Formed back in 1975, the influence of this band goes above and beyond any other heavy metal band. By mixing elements of punk and metal, the mastermind of the band – Lemmy, crafted a sound that still sounds as awesome as ever! The band has sold more than 30 million records worldwide and becoming the number one influence of bands such as Metallica, Motörhead have earned their rightful place in the Rock Hall of Fame… RIP, Lemmy!
There are plenty more….
Posted on May 28, 2016 December 21, 2016 Categories Lists, Rock MusicTags 80s, bonjovi, defleppard, direstraits, electriclightorchestra, emersonlake&palmer, ironmaiden, journey, judaspriest, legends, lists, motorhead, mylists, rockbands, rockhall, rockmusic, rocknroll, rocknrollhalloffame, rockstars, ronniejamesdioLeave a comment on Rock Legends Who Deserve to be Inducted in the Rock 'N' Roll Hall of Fame Right Now!!!
How These 10 Classic Rock Bands Came Up With Their Names?
Greetings, everyone! Happy weekend – I hope you guys are doing well and having a wonderful "no-work-for-two-days" time!
For this Saturday's publication I really wanted to prepare something informative and interesting for my readers. Then, I came up with an idea which hopefully will clear things up for some of you or reaffirm the knowledge of others. Nevertheless, it always feels quite amusing to go back to the beginning of the story of our favorite rock bands and understand how they came up with their music, lyrics, style and unique approach that was able to differentiate them among the numerous other artists in the industry. One of those special and extremely essential aspects of any rock band is of course… their name! Needless to say, in any given situation, whether it's a company, a product, a person, a street, a city, a rock band…we define, refer, recognize and remember through names.
Some bands have indeed rather peculiar and extraordinary names which clearly identify their music, genre, characteristics and expression. With the following publication, I am going to reveal the origin of their names and try to explain why they chose to call themselves like that. I am sure that many devoted rock fans are quite familiar with the stories behind the names; however there might be people out there who are not so sure and would like to know.
We love and listen to the music of bands such as The Rolling Stones, The Beatles, Pink Floyd, Guns N' Roses, The Ramones and we can't stop repeating their names. Now, it's time to find out how they came with them… I chose ten classic, old-school rock bands which I believe have some of the most interesting and memorable names in the history of rock music. Forgive me for the rather peculiar mixture, however those bands do have a lot in common…and it starts with having very cool names!
Let's start with the fab five! The story begun in 1957, when young John Lennon assembled his skiffle group, first calling it the Black Jacks and eventually changing it into the Quarry Men. Throughout the years, they had a few name changes, such as Johnny and the Moondogs, the Beatals, the Silver Beetles, the Silver Beats, and the Silver Beatles, before they finally settled on the Beatles.
John Lennon actually wrote a humorous story about how the name came from. It appeared in an article in a Liverpool magazine. He said, "It came in a vision–a man appeared in a flaming pie and said unto them "From this day on you are Beatles with an A." "Thank you, Mister Man," they said, thanking him." (Paul McCartney even put an album called "Flaming Pie.")
As far as the serious version is concerned, it's quite simple – The Crickets (Jerry Allison, Buddy Holly, and Joe B. Mauldin) were cited as a major inspiration for the name. Furthermore, the misspelling of "beetles" is a play on words, basically describing the unique "beat" of the band. In an interview, Lennon stated, "Well, I remembered the other day when somebody mentioned the Crickets at a press conference. I'd forgotten all about that. I was looking for a name like the Crickets that meant two things, and from Crickets I got to Beatles. I changed the B-e-a because it didn't mean two things on its own — B, double-e-t-l-e-s didn't mean two things. So, I changed the 'a,' added the 'e' to the 'a', and it meant two things, then….. It was beat and beetles, and when you said it people thought of crawly things, and when you read it, it was beat music."
Now I can't talk about the Beatles and not talk about The Rolling Stones now can I? The story of how they decided to call themselves like that is pretty short and simple as well. The band was heavily influences by Chess Records artists, such as Muddy Waters, Chuck Berry, Little Richard, Howlin' Wolf and many other blues musicians. In June 1962, the band's line up consisted of Jagger, Jones, Richards, Stewart, Taylor, and drummer Tony Chapman. According to Keith Richards, Brian Jones saw a Muddy Waters LP lying on the floor, while he was talking to Jazz News on the phone. When they asked him what his band was called, he thought of Muddy Waters' track "Rollin' Stone"…the rest is history.
Why did choose to call themselves the Doors? It's very philosophical and poetical but what else did we expect from the most intense and progressive rock bands of the 60s? Jim Morrison came up with the name which was derived from a passage in William Blake's "The Marriage of Heaven and Hell" – "When the doors of perception are cleansed, things will appear to man as they truly are… infinite." The same passage also inspired the title of Aldous Huxley's 1954 essay on his first psychedelic experience – "The Doors of Perception" which Jim Morrison had read.
The details behind the origin of their band name vary, however the story goes like this: At first, the band was playing under multiple names, including "Tea Set". However, imagine their surprise when they turned up at a gig and found up that another band on the lineup was also called "Tea Set". Syd Barret, under pressure, had to quickly come up with a new name. The alternative he settled on was The Pink Floyd Sound, after two blues musicians – Pink Anderson and Floyd Council – two of his favorite artists. Barret took the names from his record collection – perhaps he saw the sleeves side by side and had a sudden inspiration – we don't know for sure. There's no evidence that those two bluesmen have ever worked or recorder together, despite the fact that some people wishfully believe that Anderson and Council actually made a recording together.
The Sound part was dropped quite quickly, but The was kept for a while, until 1970. David Gilmour is also known to have referred to the group as The Pink Floyd as late as 1984.
Queen were originally called "Smile" – quite nice and lovely, right? Singer Freddie Mercury was the one who came up with the new name and this is what he said about it, "Years ago I thought up the name 'Queen' … It's just a name, but it's very regal obviously, and it sounds splendid … It's a strong name, very universal and immediate. It had a lot of visual potential and was open to all sorts of interpretations. I was certainly aware of gay connotations, but that was just one face of it." Many people associate the band name with Freddie's sexual orientation; however that's not the case – Queen is a very powerful word and it did open quite a few doors for the band!
When you heard the name "KISS" for the first time you thought about lovely kisses and smooches, right? Well, you may be so close and yet so far… There have been a few speculations about the name of the band. According to a rumor, going around in the 1980s, their name as an acronym for (K)ids (I)n (S)atan's (S)ervice. Well, KISS did piss a lot of people off with their image and music, so naturally you have no idea how many of them thought of KISS as a "devil band". Some people even believed that their records included Satanic messages when played backwards.
The not so evil version of the story goes like this: Peter Criss, the original drummer of the band was in a car with Gene Simmons, Paul Stanley and Ace Frehley in New York. The members knew that Peter used to be in a band named LIPS. They were brainstorming some ideas about a band name when Paul suddenly said, "How about KISS?"… the rest is history. Ace Frehley was the one who designed the KISS logo in 1973, which is still used today.
It's time for YES to make their official debut on my blog! I have to say, the band can't really brag about their name since honestly it's not so clever or that original. However, that's the magic of it! The details behind the origin story of the name once again vary. What we know so far is that the band members were having a hard time coming up with a good name but their first gig was coming so they had to think of something quite fast. For their debut gig, they chose the name YES, suggested by Banks as being "short, positive, direct, and memorable". It was supposed to be a temporary solution but obviously, the name stuck.
Jon Anderson told Yesspeak that while they were brainstorming for band names, Jon Anderson thought of Life, Chris Squire thought of World, and Peter Banks, kept saying yes. They asked him, whether he means "The Yes?" but he said "No, Yes"…
There's also the "Yellow Submarine" theory, according to which they got the name from the long scene during "It's Only a Northern Song" where the word "Yes" multiples on the screen in big bold block letters with exclamation points.
Say hello to The Ramones – the Punk Rock Gods I love so much! I'm sure that at one point we were all asking ourselves what does "Ramones" stand for and how did they chose this particular family name? Well, according to sources, they chose the name as a tribute to Paul McCartney who used the alias "Paul Ramone" when he would book or check into hotels, incognito. All band members adopted pseudonyms ending with the surname "Ramone", even though that was not their given name and were not related in any way – original members named themselves Joey Ramone, Johnny Ramone, Dee Dee Ramone and Tommy Ramone; other members include Marky Ramone, Richie Ramone, Elvis Ramone and C. J. Ramone.
I decided to include Guns N' Roses because to my surprise, a lot of people are not so familiar with the origin story of the band name, which by the way is so short and simple.
When I heard the name for the first time, I thought it was a clever symbolic representation of their music: "guns" – something deadly and dangerous, and "roses" – something gentle and romantic. However, the reason why they chose the name is because of the members' previous bands. Axl Rose and and rhythm guitarist Izzy Stradlin of Hollywood Rose, joined forces with lead guitarist Tracii Guns, bassist Ole Beich, and drummer Rob Gardner of L.A. Guns. They simply combined the names of both previous group and settled upon Guns N' Roses.
Coming from Birmingham, England, Judas Priest is probably the heavy metal band that matters the most, judging by the nickname they got – The Metal Gods.
The expression "Judas Priest" was once used to cloak the words "Jesus Christ" when these were intended as a curse – something like "Gee" or "Gosh!" However, that's not the case with Judas Priest. The inspiration for the band name was the song "The Ballad of Frankie Lee and Judas Priest", carved into vinyl by Bob Dylan in 1967. Bruno Stapenhill was the one who came up with the name. The band was also regularly rehearsing at his house in Stone Cross.
"Where did the Beatles come up with the band's name?", retrieved from https://www.quora.com/Where-did-the-Beatles-come-up-with-the-bands-name
The Doors Biography, retrieved from https://rockhall.com/inductees/the-doors/bio/
What is the meaning of Pink Floyd that inspired the band's name?, retrieved from https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-meaning-of-Pink-Floyd-that-inspired-the-bands-name
Stories Behind Band Names, retrieved from http://www.noiseaddicts.com/2011/02/band-names-poison-queen-kiss-bon-jovi-motley-crue/
YES – band name origin, retrieved from http://www.progarchives.com/forum/forum_posts.asp?TID=8362
Guns N' Roses – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guns_N'_Roses
Judas Priest Band name meaning, retrieved from http://bandnaming.blogspot.kr/2013/04/judas-priest-band-name-meaning.html
Why did they choose the name Ramones?, retrieved from http://dyingscene.com/news/why-did-they-choose-the-name-ramones/
List of band name etymologies, retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_band_name_etymologies
P.S . I don't own any audio or visual material used in this publication. All the credits and rights go to the owners and/or publishers.
Posted on April 9, 2016 April 9, 2016 Categories 60s, 70s, 80s, Lists, Rock Music, SongTags 60s, 70s, 80s, bandnames, gunsroses, informative, judaspriest, list, pinkfloyd, queen, rockbands, rockmusic, rocknroll, simpleminds, thebeatles, thedoors, theramones, therollingstones, yesLeave a comment on How These 10 Classic Rock Bands Came Up With Their Names?


After Filigree Floor Lamp, young designer Rick Tegelaar designs for Moooi the new Meshmatics Chandelier that merges engineering with elegance.
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As a material-oriented designer, Rick Tegelaar's work is characterized by the use of very uncommon materials, finding new beautifully shaped forms with an innovative approach. Since his childhood, Tegelaar is interested in machinery and mechanical processes. This fascination for engineering, combined with his delicate sense of aesthetics, is reflected in his work for Moooi.
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Original article| Volume 98, ISSUE 5, P1271-1276.e3, November 01, 2012
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Fertility after tubal ectopic pregnancy: results of a population-based study
Marianne de Bennetot, M.D.
Marianne de Bennetot
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pôle de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France
Benoît Rabischong, M.D., Ph.D.
Benoît Rabischong
Reprint requests: Benoît Rabischong, M.D., Ph.D., 1, Place Lucie Aubrac, 63100 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Bruno Aublet-Cuvelier, M.D., Ph.D.
Bruno Aublet-Cuvelier
Department of Medical Information, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Gabriel Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France
Fabien Belard
Hervé Fernandez, M.D.
Hervé Fernandez
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin–Bicêtre, France
Jean Bouyer, M.D., Ph.D.
Jean Bouyer
Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations UMRS 1018 Inserm, UPS11, Ined. Equipe "Reproduction et Développement de l'Enfant," CESP-INSERM U1018, Le Kremlin–Bicêtre, France
Michel Canis, M.D., Ph.D.
Michel Canis
Jean-Luc Pouly, M.D.
Jean-Luc Pouly
Published:July 20, 2012DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.06.041
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To assess the reproductive outcome after an ectopic pregnancy (EP) based on the type of treatment used, and to identify predictive factors of spontaneous fertility.
Observational population based-study.
Regional sistry.
One thousand sixty-four women registered from 1992 to 2008.
Laparoscopic (radical or conservative), or medical treatment.
Epidemiologic characteristics, clinical presentation, treatments performed, reproductive outcome, recurrence.
The 24-month cumulative rate of intrauterine pregnancy (IUP) was 67% after salpingectomy, 76% after salpingostomy, and 76% after medical treatment. IUP rate was lower after radical treatment compared with conservative treatments in univariable analysis. In multivariate analysis, IUP rate was significantly lower for patients >35 years old or with history of infertility or tubal disease. For them, IUP rate was significantly higher after conservative treatment compared with salpingectomy. The 2-year cumulative rate of recurrences was 18.5% after salpingostomy or salpingectomy and 25.5% after medical treatment. History of infertility or of previous live birth would be protective, in contrast to history of voluntary termination of pregnancy.
Conservative strategy seems to be preferred, whenever possible, to preserve patients' fertility without increasing the risk of recurrence. The choice between conservative treatments does not rely on subsequent fertility, but more likely on their own indications and therapeutic effectiveness. Risk factors of recurrence could be considered for secondary prevention.
treatment method
Discuss: You can discuss this article with its authors and with other ASRM members at http://fertstertforum.com/debennetotm-fertility-tubal-ectopic-pregnancy-population-based-study/
Ectopic pregnancies (EPs) occur among 2% of pregnant women in developed countries (
Coste J.
Job-Spira N.
Aublet-Cuvelier B.
Germain E.
Glowaczower E.
Fernandez H.
Pouly J.L.
Incidence of ectopic pregnancy. First results of a population-based register in France.
Hum Reprod. 1994; 9: 742-745
) and may seriously compromise women's health and future fertility (
Walker J.J.
Ectopic pregnancy.
Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2007; 50: 89-99
). The management of EPs has made significant progress in diagnostic and therapeutic efficiency (
Bruhat M.A.
Manhes H.
Mage G.
Treatment of ectopic pregnancy by means of laparoscopy.
Fertil Steril. 1980; 33: 411-414
Tanaka T.
Hayashi H.
Kutsuzawa T.
Fujimoto S.
Ichinoe K.
Treatment of interstitial ectopic pregnancy with methotrexate: report of a successful case.
). Over the past 40 years, laparoscopy has emerged as the criterion standard technique for the surgical management of EP (
Hajenius P.J.
Mol F.
Mol B.W.
Bossuyt P.M.
Ankum W.M.
van der Veen F.
Interventions for tubal ectopic pregnancy.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007; : CD000324
), and in the meantime medical treatment with methotrexate has been widely developed (
Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine
Medical treatment of ectopic pregnancy.
Fertil Steril. 2008; 90: S206-S212
). Whatever the treatment, in addition to its effectiveness, the current issue is the preservation of patients' fertility, including limiting the risk of recurrence. The role of treatment in optimizing subsequent fertility is a controversial subject, which has not been settled by previous studies (
Desroque D.
Capmas P.
Legendre G.
Bouyer J.
Fertility after ectopic pregnancy.
J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris). 2010; 39: 395-400
). Fertility after laparoscopic salpingectomy has been compared with laparoscopic salpingostomy in many retrospective studies or reviews. Some didn't seem to show a difference between the two techniques (
Clausen I.
Conservative versus radical surgery for tubal pregnancy. A review.
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1996; 75: 8-12
Silva P.D.
Schaper A.M.
Rooney B.
Reproductive outcome after 143 laparoscopic procedures for ectopic pregnancy.
Obstet Gynecol. 1993; 81: 710-715
Dubuisson J.B.
Aubriot F.X.
Foulot H.
Bruel D.
Bouquet de la Jolinière J.
Mandelbrot L.
Reproductive outcome after laparoscopic salpingectomy for tubal pregnancy.
Fertil Steril. 1990; 53: 1004-1007
), whereas others showed higher rates of intrauterine pregnancy (IUP) after conservative-surgical treatment (
Yao M.
Tulandi T.
Current status of surgical and nonsurgical management of ectopic pregnancy.
Matthijsse H.C.
Tinga D.J.
Huynh T.
Fertility after conservative and radical surgery for tubal pregnancy.
Hum Reprod. 1998; 13: 1804-1809
Bangsgaard N.
Lund C.O.
Ottesen B.
Nilas L.
Improved fertility following conservative surgical treatment of ectopic pregnancy.
BJOG. 2003; 110: 765-770
). However, the results of these studies were not statistically significant after adjustment for confounders. Similarly, the risk of recurrence according to the surgical techniques is still discussed, with some retrospective studies showing higher recurrence rates after laparoscopic salpingostomy (
), and others no difference (
Jourdain O.
Hopirtean V.
Saint-Amand H.
Dallay D.
Fertility after laparoscopic treatment of ectopic pregnancy in a series of 138 patients.
). More recently, the question arose of the existence of a variation of future fertility based on the conservative treatment chosen: laparoscopic salpingostomy or medical treatment with methotrexate. Few prospective randomized studies have been published, and their results do not support a conclusion on this issue (
Yves Vincent S.C.
Pauthier S.
Audibert F.
Frydman R.
Randomized trial of conservative laparoscopic treatment and methotrexate administration in ectopic pregnancy and subsequent fertility.
Krag Moeller L.B.
Moeller C.
Thomsen S.G.
Andersen L.F.
Lundvall L.
Lidegaard Ø Kjer JJ.
Ingemanssen J.L.
Zobbe V.
Floridon C.
Success and spontaneous pregnancy rates following systemic methotrexate versus laparoscopic surgery for tubal pregnancies: a randomized trial.
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2009; 88: 1331-1337
The present study aimed to compare the subsequent fertility of women who had experienced EP according to the type of treatment they received—radical, conservative-surgical or medical—and to find risk factors of repeated ectopic pregnancy. It was based on population-based data of the Auvergne (France) Ectopic Pregnancy Registry.
The Auvergne Ectopic Pregnancy Registry data were analyzed from 1992 to 2008. The methodology of the registry has been described previously (
Incidence of extra-uterine pregnancy and characteristics of treated patients. First results of the Auvergne registry.
Presse Med. 1995; 24: 351-355
). All of the women from 15 to 44 years old, who resided permanently in the Auvergne region, treated for an EP in one of the 20 health center areas were registered. They were prospectively followed until the age of 45 years to study their reproductive outcome. The information collected for each woman included: sociodemographic characteristics; sexual, gynecologic, reproductive, and surgical histories; smoking habits; condition of conception (e.g., contraception, ovulation induction); results of Chlamydia trachomatis serologic tests; characteristics of the EP; and treatment procedures used. Women followed were interviewed on the phone every 6 months during the first 2 years and every year after. The questions focused on the quest for a new pregnancy, getting pregnant again, the outcome of subsequent pregnancies, and the use of contraceptives and medical measures related to infertility.
To evaluate the accuracy of the registry, the discharge diagnosis files of the different centers from 1993 onward were reviewed (two-source capture-recapture method). The completeness of the register was estimated to be 90%.
The registry was granted and qualified by Comité National des Registres (CNR). Data collected were treated confidentially according to Commision Nationale de l'Informatique et Liberté (CNIL) statements. Institutional Review Board approvals from CNR and CNIL were obtained. Data were then centralized at the Department of Medical Information of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire in Clermont-Ferrand.
After excluding patients with prior history of an EP, patients who did not report seeking pregnancy during follow-up, those who benefited from a second-line treatment, those treated with RU-486 or laparotomy, and patients supported with in vitro fertilization (IVF), 1,622 patients met our inclusion criteria. Among them, 558 patients were not retained in the study because they were lost in follow-up (n = 314; 12.3%) or because they were 45 years old or were minor or received bilateral salpingectomy with no desire of IVF. Finally, reproductive outcome were studied for 1,064 patients (Supplemental Fig. 1, available online at www.fertstert.org).
Patients received conservative medical, conservative laparoscopic, or radical laparoscopic treatment. Medical treatment was chosen for asymptomatic patients with no evidence of tubal rupture and β-hCG <5,000 UI/L. The protocol consisted of an intramuscular injection of a single dose of methotrexate (50 mg/m2). In case of history of methotrexate failure, surgical treatment was chosen. The decision between salpingostomy and salpingectomy was based on the pretherapeutic score proposed by Pouly et al. (
Chapron C.
Canis M.
Wattiez A.
Multifactorial analysis of fertility after conservative laparoscopic treatment of ectopic pregnancy in a series of 223 patients.
All IUPs were taken into account regardless of the outcome. For fertility study, if a recurrence occurred, it was ignored and the follow-up continued, and conversely for the recurrence study. Only the first IUP or the first recurrence was registered. In both cases, survival analysis methods were used, with a calculation of the time needed to conceive, which is the cumulative period of time during which a woman is trying to become pregnant until she gets pregnant or is censored. Because only spontaneous fertility was studied, the follow-up was censored if a woman began an IVF program.
For subsequent spontaneous IUP, we first analyzed the whole sample. According to the results of our previous studies, women with history of infertility or tubal disease at the time of the first EP and those >35 years old were studied separately from the others (
Fertility following radical, conservative-surgical or medical treatment for tubal pregnancy: a population-based study.
). The group of patients with a history of tubal disease included women who, at the time of inclusion in the register, said that they have had a history of tubal surgery or microsurgery, pelvic inflammatory disease, and/or Chlamydia trachomatis infection.
Cumulative rates of recurrent EP and spontaneous IUP were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier estimator with confidence interval for each of the three treatments. The curves obtained were compared by log rank tests for single-variable analysis and by Cox regression to take into account confounding variables, such as sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of women, that may influence the choice of treatment. Regarding recurrences, risk factors were also searched by single-variable and multivariable analysis. Statistical analysis was performed with the use of SAS statistical software v8.02 (SAS Institute). Statistical significance was established at P<.05.
Fertility Outcome
The treatment given was radical for 299 women (28%), conservative-surgical for 646 (61%), and conservative-medical for 119 (11%). Some sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the women differed according to the treatment they had received (Supplemental Table 1).
Among the 1,064 women who attempted to conceive again, 744 were pregnant spontaneously. The outcome of these pregnancies was 82% for a vaginal delivery or cesarean section, 17% for miscarriage, and 1% for a voluntary termination of pregnancy. Pregnancy outcome was independent from the treatment of EP (P=.97).
The 24-month cumulative rate of spontaneous IUP was 67% (95% CI 0.61–0.74) for radical treatment, 76% (95% CI 0.73–0.8) for conservative-surgical treatment, and 76% (95% CI 0.65–0.85) for conservative-medical treatment (Fig. 1).
Figure 1Cumulative rates of spontaneous intrauterine pregnancy (Kaplan-Meier method).
Download (PPT)
The crude cumulative rates of IUP were different according to the treatment methods in univariable analysis (P=.0079), with a lower fertility after radical treatment (Table 1) compared with conservative treatments. In multivariate analysis, there was no significant difference between the three treatments (Table 1). We reached the same finding when we compared fertility after radical treatment and after conservative treatment, all surgical and medical ones taken into account (hazard ratio [HR] 0.86, 95% CI 0.72–1.02).
Table 1Univariate and multivariate analysis of factors influencing fertility.
Number of patients for whom time to conceive was known.
Adjusted hazard ratio
Adjusting for all variables in the table as well as the size of the EP treatment center.
Univariate analysis
Radical 290 0.784 0.660–0.931
Conservative-surgical 627 1
Conservative-medical 109 1.070 0.842–1.360
History of infertility 201 0.393 0.314–0.490
History of live birth 562 1.215 1.049–1.408
History of miscarriage 246 0.850 0.715–1.009
History of abortion 184 1.077 0.891–1.300
Tubal disease 198 0.475 0.383–0.589
EP with IUD 85 2.409 1.907–3.043
Age, y
<25 164 1
25–29 386 0.887 0.723–1.088
≥35 150 0.463 0.349–0.613
Smoking habits 410 0.952 0.819–1.106
University studies 291 1.120 0.953–1.317
Results of multivariate analysis, Cox model
Radical 0.87 0.73–1.04
Conservative-surgical 1
Conservative-medical 1.13 0.88–1.45
25–29 0.92 0.74–1.13
≥35 0.5 0.37–0.67
History of infertility 0.51 0.40–0.64
History of live birth 1.2 1.01–1.42
Tubal disease 0.62 0.50–0.77
EP with IUD 2 1.56–2.55
Note: EP = ectopic pregnancy; IUD = intrauterine device; CI = confidence interval.
a Number of patients for whom time to conceive was known.
b Adjusting for all variables in the table as well as the size of the EP treatment center.
Open table in a new tab
The characteristics of these women seemed to influence reproductive performance significantly. Thus, the rate of IUP was significantly lower for women aged >35 years (HR 0.50, 95% CI 0.37–0.67) or with history of infertility (HR 0.51, 95% CI 0.40–0.64) or of tubal disease (HR 0.62, 95% CI 0.50–0.77). Conversely, subsequent fertility was better in case of history of live birth (HR 1.20, 95% CI 1.01–1.42) or in case of EP with intrauterine device (IUD; HR 2, 95% CI 1.56–2.55; Table 1).
Multivariable analysis was also made on the subgroup of women with a history of infertility, tubal disease, or age ≥35 years (n = 430) (subgroup 1). In this subgroup, patients treated by conservative medical or surgical treatment had significantly more IUP compared with patients treated radically (HR 0.67, 95% CI 0.50–0.91; Table 2). For patients of this first subgroup, the fertility rate was significantly higher for women with history of live birth (HR 1.52, 95% CI 1.14–2.02) and, for the two subgroups, in case of EP with IUD (HR 3.60, 95% CI 2.18–5.97; and HR 1.78, 95% CI 1.34–2.37). In the second subgroup that included women <35 years old with no infertility history or tubal disease (n = 634), the difference in subsequent fertility between the three treatments was not significant (HR 0.99, 95% CI 0.80–1.23).
Table 2Multivariable analysis of the two subgroups of women depending on history of infertility, tubal disease, or age at the time of EP.
Adjusting for all variables in the table as well as the size of the treatment center of EP.
Subgroup 1: women with a history of infertility or tubal disease or aged ≥35 y
Medical 1.20 0.77–1.85
History of live birth 1.52 1.14–2.02
EP with IUD 3.60 2.18–5.97
Subgroup 2: women aged <35 y, with no infertility history or tubal disease
a Adjusting for all variables in the table as well as the size of the treatment center of EP.
Recurrences
Among the 1,064 women studied, 111 had a recurrence of EP (10.5%). The 2-year cumulative rate of recurrence was 19% whatever the treatment received. There was 18.5% recurrence after salpingostomy or salpingectomy and 25.5% after medical treatment.
The rate of repeated EP was not significantly different according to the treatment (P=.86; Fig. 2). The same result was obtained for patients in the subgroups 1 and 2 taken separately.
Figure 2Cumulative rates of repeated ectopic pregnancy depending on the treatment.
After adjustment to confounders, the rate of recurrence was significantly higher among women who had a history of voluntary termination of pregnancy (HR 1.8, 95% CI 1.1–3.0). Conversely, fewer recurrences occurred among women having a history of infertility (HR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3–0.8) or previous live birth (HR 0.6, 95% CI 0.4–0.9) (Supplemental Table 2, available online at www.fertstert.org).
Beyond the development of less invasive treatment, fertility in the wake of an ectopic pregnancy remains a major issue. As such, the present study is an interesting source of data, because it was conducted in the general population, with 90% of the patients treated for EP during 17 years in the Auvergne region. Few women (12.3%) could not be followed. All of the women were followed prospectively and interviewed regularly after EP, so the real fertility outcomes were known without biases, taking into account whether the woman was trying to become pregnant again. Thus, selection and recall biases, which frequently occur in retrospective studies with hospital recruitment, were avoided. But, owing to the lack of randomization, our results can be weighted because of the inevitable existence of confounding factors in the choice of treatment of EP and because the indication of each type of therapy could be different, introducing a possible bias. Indeed, the therapeutic strategy explained in the Methods may have been influenced by sociodemographic or patient history.
Figure 1 represents, by the Kaplan-Meier method, the cumulative IUP rate as a function of time. The curves representing fertility after conservative treatments are quite distinct from that showing fertility after salpingectomy. Not taking into account confounding factors, this figure may illustrate the results of the univariate analysis. Our results effectively show a significant difference in terms of fertility between conservative and radical treatments in univariable analysis, with higher rates of IUP after conservative techniques. These results are really interesting to be observed, but they may be influenced by the fact that they ignored confounding factors. Thus, according to multivariable analysis, there is no statistically significant difference between the three treatments. Regarding surgical treatment, many retrospective studies compared subsequent fertility after laparoscopic salpingectomy versus salpingostomy. According to some studies, there was no statistical difference in subsequent fertility depending on the treatment (
). However the trend in favor of conservative treatment was already observed by some retrospective studies (
) and reviews (
Regarding conservative treatments, our results do not show any difference for subsequent fertility in terms of IUP rate, between medical or surgical treatment. These results were observed in patients whether they had risk factors of infertility or not. The value of these results may be limited due to the lower proportion of medically treated patients in our study. Yet, a recent review showed the same findings (
Varma R, Gupta J. Tubal ectopic pregnancy. Clin Evid (Online) Apr 20, 2009. pii: 1406.
). Similarly, the randomized trial by Hajenius et al. (
Engelsbel S.
Randomised trial of systemic methotrexate versus laparoscopic salpingostomy in tubal pregnancy.
Lancet. 1997; 350: 774-779
) that compared fertility after conservative-medical treatment with multiple doses of methotrexate versus conservative-surgical treatment showed no difference in the rate of IUP.
Otherwise, after adjustment to confounders, history of infertility, tubal disease, and being >35 years old appear to be pejorative factors for fertility with significantly lower rates of IUP after EP, as already shown by Ego et al. (
Ego A.
Subtil D.
Cosson M.
Legoueff F.
Houfflin-Debarge V.
Querleu D.
Survival analysis of fertility after ectopic pregnancy.
). That's why we chose to study the pregnancy rate of those patients particularly according to the treatment. Thus, considering only women with these risk factors, there were significantly higher rates of IUP after conservative treatments in multivariable analysis. This result is of importance, because the optimization of fertility for those patients is especially more sensitive. Recently, the prospective study by Becker et al. (
Becker S.
Solomayer E.
Hornung R.
Kurek R.
Banys M.
Aydeniz B.
Optimal treatment for patients with ectopic pregnancies and a history of fertility-reducing factors.
Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2011; 283: 41-45
) of 261 patients also showed that laparoscopic salpingostomy is of particular benefit for patients with additional fertility-reducing factors if desirous of a future pregnancy. The prospective randomized trials currently underway, DEMETER in France and METEX and ESEP in The Netherlands and Scandinavia, are likely to bring other elements to this discussion (
van Mello N.M.
Adriaanse A.H.
Boss E.A.
Dijkman A.B.
Doornbos J.P.
The METEX study: methotrexate versus expectant management in women with ectopic pregnancy: a randomised controlled trial.
BMC Womens Health. 2008; 8: 10
Strandell A.
Jurkovic D.
Yalcinkaya T.
Verhoeve H.R.
Koks C.A.
The ESEP study: salpingostomy versus salpingectomy for tubal ectopic pregnancy; the impact on future fertility: a randomised controlled trial.
Regarding recurrences, published studies and conclusions are divided. Some found a higher risk of recurrence after laparoscopic salpingostomy (
). For others the rate of recurrence was similar after salpingectomy and salpingostomy (
Tuomivaara L.
Kauppila A.
Radical or conservative surgery for ectopic pregnancy? A follow-up study of fertility of 323 patients.
Kuroda K.
Takeuchi H.
Kitade M.
Kikuchi I.
Shimanuki H.
Kumakiri J.
Assessment of tubal disorder as a risk factor for repeated ectopic pregnancy after laparoscopic surgery for tubal pregnancy.
J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2009; 35: 520-524
). On this point, results of the present study are particularly interesting because there is no difference whatever the treatment received. Indeed, in aggregate or in subgroups depending on their history, patients had no more recurrence after radical-surgical, conservative-surgical, or conservative-medical treatments. Therefore, the risk of recurrence should not be an argument for salpingectomy. Furthermore, results show that patients with history of live birth or of infertility had significantly lower rates of recurrence. The protective effect of multiparity was already suggested by Tuomivaara and Kauppila (
). The lower rate of recurrence in case of history of infertility could be explained by an overall decline in fertility for these patients. Conversely, women with history of voluntary termination of pregnancy had significantly higher rates of second EP. This result is to be taken with caution, because of the heterogeneity of the abortion rate between regions. However, these results could have an interest for secondary prevention, to better identify patients at risk of recurrence and strengthen the promotion of appropriate contraception or close monitoring in early pregnancy.
Taking into account our results, the preservation of fertility doesn't seem to be an argument that should guide the choice between methotrexate and laparoscopic salpingostomy. Each of these treatments, especially medical treatment, has its own indications based on different arguments such as the existence of clinical symptoms and signs of tubal rupture or the rate of β-hCG. The therapeutic strategy must consider the effectiveness of treatments, especially because reported failure rates of the two treatments are not similar in the general population. Recent results from the Auvergne registry showed an average failure rate of 6.6% for salpingostomy with a standardized surgical technique (
Rabischong B.
Larraín D.
Pouly J.-L.
Jaffeux P.
Predicting success of laparoscopic salpingostomy for ectopic pregnancy.
Obstet Gynecol. 2010; 116: 701-707
) and 24.6% after a single dose of methotrexate with an increased risk of failure (16.5% vs. 40%) if the rate of initial β-hCG is >1,300 UI (
Tran X.
Sleiman A.A.
Predictive factors of failure in management of ectopic pregnancy with single-dose methotrexate: a general population-based analysis from the Auvergne Register, France.
In conclusion, the results of this study and literature data show that it seems preferable, whenever it is possible, to always opt for a conservative treatment to potentiate subsequent fertility while not increasing the risk of recurrence. Indeed, there are better fertility rates after conservative strategy, especially for patients with a risk factor of infertility. Moreover there is no more risk of recurrence after salpingostomy or methotrexate therapy than after salpingectomy. Beyond the therapeutic indications, the choice between two conservative treatments should be based on other parameters, such as therapy effectiveness, and perhaps quality of life, a parameter that might be interesting to study in the future.
Supplemental Figure 1Schema of inclusion of patients. EP = ectopic pregnancy.
Supplemental Table 1Characteristics of 1,064 women by first-line treatment of index EP.
First-line treatment
P values for χ² tests.
Radical (n = 299)
The numbers may be different depending on the variables because of missing data.
Conservative-surgical (n = 646)
Conservative-medical (n = 119)
Distribution of treatments 28 61
Sociodemographic characteristics
University educated 27 22.1–32.5 31 27.2–34.5 32 22.9–41.1 .5
Not of French origin 7 4.1–9.9 5 3.0–6.3 8 3.4–13.4 .14
Age at inclusion, y <.001
<25 14 10.1–18.0 17 14.3–20.1 18 11.5–25.5
25–29 31 25.5–36.0 42 37.8–45.4 30 22.0–38.5
≥35 21 16.4–25.7 11 8.6–13.4 18 11.5–25.5
Smoking habits 38 32.3–43.5 46 42.2–50.0 34 25–43.7 .015
Center treating >20 EP/y 48 41.8–53.2 48 43.7–51.4 74 66.1–81.8 <.001
History of infertility 23 17.9–27.5 19 15.8–21.8 21 13.2–27.8 .38
Previous spontaneous abortion 27 21.5–31.5 25 21.2–27.8 14 8.0–20.6 .03
Previous induced abortion 20 15.6–24.7 18 15.5–21.4 14 8.0–20.6 .38
History of live birth 62 56.2–67.3 53 49.6–57.3 40 31.5–49.2 <.001
Tubal disease 28 22.8–33.1 17 13.8–19.6 12 6.1–17.9 <.001
EP with IUD 10 6.4–13.1 8 5.8–10.0 4 0.6–7.9 .18
Normal controlateral tube 83 78.8–88.0 87 83.8–89.6 88 79.5–96.3 .42
a The numbers may be different depending on the variables because of missing data.
b P values for χ² tests.
Supplemental Table 2Multivariable analysis of factors influencing the risk of ectopic pregnancy recurrence (Cox model).
History of infertility 0.5 0.3–0.8
History of live birth 0.6 0.4–0.9
History of abortion 1.8 1.1–3.0
Note: CI = confidence interval.
Published online: July 20, 2012
Accepted: June 14, 2012
Received in revised form: June 12, 2012
Received: April 11, 2012
M.d.B. has nothing to disclose. B.R. has nothing to disclose. B.A.-C. has nothing to disclose. F.B. has nothing to disclose. H.F. has nothing to disclose. J.B. has nothing to disclose. M.C. has nothing to disclose. J.-L.P. has nothing to disclose.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.06.041
© 2012 American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Linked Article
Management of tubal ectopic pregnancy: methotrexate and salpingostomy are preferred to preserve fertility
Fertility and SterilityVol. 98Issue 5
Ectopic pregnancy occurs in 1%–2% of pregnancies, and despite vast improvements in our diagnostic capability, it continues to be the leading cause of pregnancy-related death in the first trimester. Currently, ectopic pregnancy can be diagnosed accurately using ultrasound imaging in conjunction with beta hCG measurements. Treatment options include expectant management, medical therapy with methotrexate (MTX), and either surgical salpingostomy or salpingectomy. Our understanding of the long-term effects of these treatment options on fertility is confounded not only by the complexity of the causes of ectopic pregnancy, and therefore risk for recurrence or infertility, but also by the lack of research unbiased by physician preference.
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