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KSPCB sends notification to all deputy commissioners, no word on raids.
Bengaluru: Months after discussions and negotiations, the KSPCB has now made it official that the sale of painted PoP Ganesha idols has been banned in the state from this year. While the Board sent reminders on Friday to all the Deputy Commissioners and Joint Commissioners to implement the notification, it hasn't decided yet if shops will be raided or not.
The Board, leaving no stone unturned to curb import of idols from other states, has requested the commissioners to seize idols at all toll gates connecting Bengaluru. KSPCB chairman Lakshman said that although idol manufacturers had demanded that the ban should be implemented from this year, there was no question of giving anyone more time.
"The manufacturers claimed they had to clear last year's stocks and wanted time for this. On assessing the number of available PoP idols in the state, we found that there were at least 1 lakh Ganesh idols left over from last year. Though the ban is being implemented in full force, we will go slowly on acting against violations since festivals are emotional issues," Lakshman said.
He added that after a meeting with BBMP officials, the Board will decide if they should raid the stalls or not. "We need more men and the KSPCB alone can't raid stalls in all the eight zones. Depending on their response, we will take action," he maintained.
It's not just a 'suited up' Rajani who created a craze this season! A 'suited' Ganesha wearing shades and smiling at his devotees is the most in-demand idol, says Mutturaj, a vendor on J.C Road. "Last year it was 'Bahubali' Ganesha which was in high demand. This year, following the success of Tamil movie 'Kabali' there's a demand for Rajani-style Ganeshas. With 15 days to go, let's see what new demands come up," he maintained.
Meanwhile, idol vendors, who have taken full advantage of the lack of action so far, are rapidly setting up stalls across the city. While some are selling only mud idols just to be on the safe side, most vendors are selling both painted POP idols and mud idols in a bid to avoid seizing of shops. In areas in South Bengaluru like DVG Road, Katriguppe, Banashankari, Yediyur and Mavalli, vendors have already set up stalls, two weeks ahead of the festival.


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text:
Núm. 105
Complementary currencies
Nr. 105 > Dossier > One century of city memory
Duran i Sanpere and the Catalan archives during the Civil War
By Jaume Enric Zamora i Escala. Director of the Municipal Archives Network Unit. Cultural Heritage Office of Barcelona Provincial Council
Images of the exterior of the Casa de l'Ardiaca and of the reading room of the Arxiu Històric de la Ciutat (Historical Archives of the City) as they are today.
Photo: Pérez de Rozas / AFB
The country's archives were just as or even more vulnerable to the events of war than were human lives at the begining of the Spanish Civil War. Many were destroyed, particularly if they were of a religious or bourgeois nature and in the event that paper pulp was required for the printing of newspapers.
During the Spanish Civil War, and thanks to the municipal archivist Agustí Duran i Sanpere (1887-1975), Barcelona became the operations centre for the recovery of historical archives located both in the city and throughout the rest of Catalonia. Catalonia's national cultural heritage ran the risk, common to all armed conflicts, of being neglected by those charged with its care and falling victim to destruction and disappearance. In addition to being subject to commonplace wartime threats, those parts of Catalonia's documentary heritage related to the Church or to property also became a priority target for persecution.
In the words of Duran i Sanpere, "war poses a constant risk to people and property, but archives – whether public or private – became particularly vulnerable during the revolution, and many were captured and destroyed"1. "It was necessary to fight against extremists who had no respect for old documents, particularly if they were of a religious or bourgeois nature and in the event that paper pulp was required for the printing of newspapers. The Notarial Archive of La Seu d'Urgell and that of the Order of Saint John of Jerusalem had already been sold to the ragman before we managed to rescue them. This obliged us to disguise the repositories and put up erroneous signs in them".2
For this reason, the country's archives were just as or even more vulnerable to the events of war than were human lives. "The spectacular nature of events had a harmful effect on the conscience of those whose mission it was to transfer the old documentary nuclei from one generation to the next," says Duran i Sanpere. The Historical Archive of the City was in a good position to safeguard the most threatened documents, of a religious or notarial nature or related to the property of prominent families"3. "The Archdeacon's House – home to the Historical Archive of the City of Barcelona – was used as a provisional storage site for the archives".4
With regard to the first measures taken to protect cultural heritage, a decree issued on 24 July 1936 confiscated, in favour of the Catalan Government, all materials and objects of pedagogical, scientific, artistic, historical, archaeological, bibliographical and documentary interest located in the buildings or premises of public institutions in Catalonia that had been affected by the events of that time.
Josep Tarradellas, Councillor for the Interior, visiting the Arxiu Històric de la Ciutat (Historical Archives of the City) sometime in 1932; in the centre of the image, with Duran i Sanpere.
Photo: Josep Domínguez / AFB
The Catalan Government's Archival Section
Agustí Duran i Sanpere, then director of the Historical Archive of the City of Barcelona and appointed as Director of the Archival Section of the Historical, Artistic and Scientific Heritage Department of the Catalan Government (by means of a decree issued on 2 June 1936), was put in charge of the recovery of the country's documentary heritage. "The Archival Section of Catalonia's Artistic Heritage Department was created in June 1936. We were set to implement a meticulously prepared plan and put it into practice in an unhurried and methodical way."5 "However, the events that took place the following month put an end to all our plans and forced us to multiply our efforts by a hundred, desperately running around Catalonia from one end to the other to wherever archives were at risk, an effort that could be considered the 'Red Cross' mission of our archives."6
The Archival Section, with the aim of saving the archives, always followed certain rules: keep a diary of all the operations carried out; store archival records at only a few repository sites (the number of which was subsequently reduced even further to ensure better care); always preserve data relating to the origins of records and the safeguard their integrity; protect records in boxes or in waterproof repositories located in sturdy and concealed premises; store records in numbered bundles and, in the event of a forced last-minute evacuation, seal off the repositories with a disguised wall.
Duran i Sanpere worked with a sizeable team whose members were given different assignments in accordance with the different tasks to be carried out: management (two people); collection and transfer of archives (twenty people); inventory organisation and creation (twenty-nine people); and document restoration (four people). Also included were eleven priests who, because they were persecuted, applied to the Archival Section in order to obtain employment certificates that would enable them to disguise their status.
On 4 August 1936, a decree required the Catalan Government to be provided with all documentation originating prior to the nineteenth century from public institutions, corporations and communities, and the family estates of the old nobility, in addition to municipal, notarial, judicial, parochial, episcopal, conventual, chapter and other Catalan archives of a similar nature.
Effects of the bombing raids on the Casa de l'Ardiaca by the Fascist aviation in August 1938.
Organisation of the rescue operations
Duran i Sanpere, aware of the threats associated with the war, explained the organisational aspects of the rescue operations: "Just as was done in the case of our museums, it was now necessary to safeguard the Catalan archives from the dangers of aerial bombardment. Towards this end, in Catalonia we have two archival refuges, one for the western municipal regions (Poblet) and another for the eastern municipal regions (Viladrau). The documents were transferred to these archival refuges using special boxes, which I would venture to say we should patent. It can be said that archives were taken to the refuge fully intact, thanks to these shelved boxes. Thus, despite the fact that they are far from Barcelona, we do not have them in storage, but rather perfectly installed and available to researchers who want to use them".7
The summary note of the report signed by Duran i Sanpere in April 1939 tells us where the archive refuges were initially located around Catalonia: Lleida, Tortosa, Cervera, Manresa, Reus, Tarragona, Poblet, Barcelona, Vic, Girona, Ripoll and Viladrau. However, "to the extent that the forced evacuation of people made it inevitable, repositories that were set to disappear were located in Viladrau or Barcelona so as to prevent confusion. In cases where the archives were sufficiently well protected in their original location, efforts were made to prevent them from leaving. Such locations included Olot, Cardona, Sabadell, Terrassa, Palamós and Montserrat and the Notarial Archive of Barcelona, where actions were limited to carrying out the surveillance needed for them to be removed in the event of danger".8
Documentary repositories
Documentary repositories, where documentation was taken and protected, were placed at various locations. The Archdeacon's House, home to the Historical Archive of the City of Barcelona, was used in the summer of 1936 for the provisional placement of archives. It was also necessary to use other buildings in Barcelona, such as the house located at numbers 2 and 4 of Carrer de la Palma de Sant Just, a former convent known as La Casa del Retir i de l'Esperança, provided by the Caixa de Pensions i d'Estalvis savings bank. The decree of 21 August 1936 stipulated the reason for the selection of this location: "In order for the documentary collections given to the Catalan Government, which must be located in Barcelona, to be organised prior to their permanent installation in the former Episcopal Palace". In addition, the decree of 29 September 1936 provided that "the General Archive of Catalonia will be installed in the building of the former Episcopal Palace of Barcelona", but the outfitting works were never undertaken. The houses at number 2 Carrer Setantí and number 45 Carrer Sant Gervasi were also used.
Documents being moved to the Palau Episcopal in July 1938.
Photo: AFB
Archive material from various places in the Monastery of Pedralbes, which in autumn 1938 became the Arxiu Històric General de Catalunya (General Historical Archives of Catalonia).
The convent of l'Esperança had been looted and damaged, but many archives were collected from it. These were classified by their origins, and the task of cleaning and organising them was begun. It was also necessary to flatten parchments which came rolled up and bundled into sacks. Bombing was not the only risk factor at this location, which – because it was a convent – often attracted uncontrolled bands.
Bombs often exploded near the convent, making it necessary to find a new refuge far from the areas that seemed most dangerous. The Monastery of Pedralbes was secured to house the General Historical Archive of Catalonia (pursuant to the decree issued on 7 October 1938), and the change was made quickly. When in October of 1938 a bomb was dropped on the convent of l'Esperança, only a few metres of shelf were still occupied. The explosion destroyed the house's roof and damaged much of the rest of the building, but it also proved the effectiveness of the protection system adopted for the volumes and bundles of documents, which consisted of tightly squeezing them in and aligning them on the shelves.
After the decision to leave the convent of l'Esperança convent was made, the archives were transferred at great speed during the second fortnight of October 1938. And in mid-September, the documents held at the Episcopal Palace were also transferred to Pedralbes. Pedralbes was a tranquil location outside of the habitual radius of the bombings.
The documents from the Palace of Justice were installed at Casa Guarro in Carrer de Setantí. In addition, Casa Maspons i Grassot was used as a place to order and safeguard private libraries whose owners had agreed to have them put under the protection of the Section. In August 1938, documentation from the Archdeacon's House was also transferred to this house in Carrer de Sant Gervasi after the former building was damaged by a bombardment.
The shelves where the first batch of documents from Barcelona sent to Viladrau were stored, in January 1937.
As regards the Archive of the Crown of Aragon, parts of its documentary collections were kept and others were moved to Viladrau. The Historical Protocols Archive of Barcelona held on to its collections.
Several protection centres were established outside Barcelona, some of which were provisional while others were more permanent. That is why, as a result of risks from the bombing in Barcelona, Viladrau became the repository for the General Archive of Catalonia.
Viladrau, a place of refuge
On 30 November 1936 Duran i Sanpere went to Ventura Gassol, Minister of Culture of the Catalan Government, and told him of the risk involved in keeping the most important archives near the city's government buildings. He recommended placing them in Viladrau, a town that was "in inland Catalonia and not connected to any important routes, thus offering the necessary guarantees, backed up by the Town Council's offer to allocate a building or buildings for this purpose that were sturdy and better located".9
The Archival Section had three houses in the town of Viladrau: "These buildings are sturdy, spacious, well ventilated and free from moisture".10 These were Casa Balcells, Casa Vídua Crexells and Casa Trias, as well as the Mas Noguer property located on the town's outskirts.
Because a portion of the Crown of Aragon Archive was installed in Viladrau, "Duran explained, in response to the false rumour circulated by residents of the town of Viladrau that the crown of the kings of Aragon had been hidden there, he had organised cultural visits to show them what he really was hiding".11
In the period between late 1936 and early 1937, the transfer to Viladrau of the archives that were in Barcelona and subsequently those in the rest of the country began.
The archives that were protected and saved by the Archival Section, with a network of staff deployed throughout the country, were highly diverse in nature, including documents from dioceses, chapters, convents, parishes, notary public offices, trade unions, property registers, municipal governments, old mortgage bookkeeping records, legal records and exceptional documents such as the Archive of the Crown of Aragon.
The Franco dictatorship
From February 1939, after the Francoist army had achieved its military occupation of Catalonia, the Bibliographical and Documentation Recovery Service of the nationalist side ordered the return to the Monastery of Pedralbes of both the archives that had been located in Viladrau as well as those that had been located in the monastery, which had been the last location of the General Archive of Catalonia in Barcelona, in order to transfer them to their respective places of origin.
Subsequently, the purging of municipal officials began, and legal actions were taken against those who had held positions in Republican institutions, as well as those who had previously shown or displayed signs of opposition to the new imposed order.
Duran i Sanpere was subjected to two legal proceedings: he was removed from his position as a City Council official, and brought to trial before a summary war council in the courts of Barcelona.
After making it through the ordeal, he received many displays of solidarity, esteem and gratitude from people he had helped during the most difficult times of the war. And once the conflict had finished, many individuals who had left their documents in the custody of Duran i Sanpere rewarded his work by donating these documents to the Historical Archive of the City of Barcelona.
It is hoped that this article will serve as a tribute to all those in Barcelona and throughout the country who, during the Civil War, helped to save Catalonia's documentary heritage – amounting to a volume of 20,000 linear metres of documents and 150,000 parchments – and, in particular, to the professionalism and character of the man who made it possible: Agustí Duran i Sanpere.
1. DURAN I SANPERE, A. "Els arxius documentals de Catalunya durant la guerra dels anys 1936-1939". [Catalonia's Documental Archives during the Civil War 1936-1939] In: Barcelona i la seva història. L'art i la cultura. [Barcelona and its History, Art and Culture.] Barcelona: Curial, 1975, volume 3, p. 622.
2. DURAN I SANPERE, A. "Nota sumaria de los trabajos realizados durante el dominio del Gobierno rojo para la protección de los Archivos Históricos de Cataluña". [Notes on the work done during the period of the leftest government to protect Catalonia's Historical Archives.] Barcelona. 15 April 1939. Box 413. Archival Collection of the Catalan Government (Second Spanish Republic). Archival Section of the Historical, Artistic and Scientific Heritage Service. National Archive of Catalonia (ANC).
3. Op. cit. DURAN I SANPERE, A. "Els arxius documentals…" p. 622.
4. Op. cit. DURAN I SANPERE, A. p. 623.
6. Interview with Agustí Duran i Sanpere. "El salvament i la conservació dels arxius de Catalunya". [Saving and preserving Catalonia's archives.] Última Hora, 26 December 1937. Press summary. Agustí Duran i Sanpere Archive. Cervera Regional Archive.
7. Ibid. "El salvament i la conservació…"
8. Ibid. DURAN I SANPERE, A. "Nota sumaria de los trabajos…"
9. Viladrau archival record. Box 409. Archival Collection of the Catalan Government (Second Spanish Republic). Archival Section. ANC.
10. Section of the second point agreed between Duran i Sanpere and Martínez Ferrando about transferring part of the Archive of the Crown of Aragon to Viladrau, 18 December 1936. Comunicaciones oficiales entradas, 1921-40. Secretariat (115 sec.). Archive of the Crown of Aragon (ACA).
11. Interview with Martí de Riquer, 17 January 1996.
Jaume Enric Zamora i Escala
Director of the Municipal Archives Network Unit. Cultural Heritage Office of Barcelona Provincial Council
One century of city memory
To house the history section, the City Council bought and restored the Casa de l'Ardiaca, which in 1922 opened its doors as home of the new Historical Archives of the City, headed by Duran i Sanpere himself. We are commemorating these one hundred years in the life of the centre with a dossier.
Memoirs of a rescue
Duran i Sanpere left a written testimony of the operation, whose reading allows us to grasp the enormous dimensions of his work.
Can Batlló to house Barcelona's super-archive
The new archive facility will become a first-rate civic and cultural information centre, with the development of a city-wide programme of activities and close working relationships with neighbourhood study centres and workshops.
City of archives and historical research
Alongside the Historical Archive of Barcelona (AHCB), civil society organisations have also done invaluable work to preserve the historical memory of the city.
@bcnmetropolis
D'acord amb la Llei Orgànica 15/1999, de 13 de desembre, de Protecció de Dades de Caràcter Personal, l'informem que les seves dades personals s'incorporaran al fitxer "Serveis d'Atenció al Ciutadà" de l'Ajuntament de Barcelona, amb la finalitat de gestionar la comunicació de l'Ens i altres tràmits. Les seves dades no seran cedides a tercers. Vostè consent expressament en el tractament de les seves dades per la finalitat indicada. Podeu exercitar els drets d'accés, rectificació, cancel.lació i oposició, adreçant-vos per escrit al Registre General de l'Ajuntament: Pl Sant Jaume 2, 08002 Barcelona, indicant clarament en l'assumpte Exercici de Dret LOPD.
In accordance with Personal Data Protection Act 15/1999, of 13 th December, you are hereby	informed that your personal data will be incorporated in the "Citizen Services" file of Barcelona City Council, for the purpose of managing the Council's communication and other processes. Your data will not be assigned to third parties. You expressly consent to the processing of your data for the purpose indicated above. You may exercise the rights of access, rectification,	cancellation and objection by writing to the General Registry of the City Council/Registre General de l'Ajuntament: Pl Sant Jaume 2, 08002 Barcelona, clearly indicating as reference	Exercise of Right under Personal Data Protection Act.
De acuerdo con la Ley Orgánica 15/1999, de 13 de diciembre, de Protección de Datos de Carácter Personal, le informamos que sus datos personales se incorporarán al fichero "Servei d'Atenció al Ciutadà" del Ayuntamiento de Barcelona, con la finalidad de gestionar la comunicación del Ente y otros trámites. Sus datos no serán cedidos a terceros. Usted consiente expresamente en el tratamiento de sus datos para la finalidad indicada. Puede ejercitar los derechos de acceso, rectificación, cancelación y oposición, dirigiéndose por escrito al Registro General del Ayuntamiento: Pl Sant Jaume 2, 08002 Barcelona, indicando claramente en el asunto Ejercicio de Derecho LOPD.
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text:
Supposed Satanist Changes His Tune
Our email of the week comes from Brent Anderson of Jefferson City, MO:
I had someone up to my apartment the other day I was witnessing to. The man is a supposed Satanist. I'm not sure on that story. He likes a lot of Slayer, Metallica and other kinds of music. That sounded like an ApologetiX entrance to me, I thought.
Ya see, if I ever find anyone who is into music outside of Christian music, the first band I usually introduce them to is ApologetiX, because there is always something I can find in your music that will turn them on. I heard he liked Metallica so I put on "Enter Samson."
"Hey, when do you Christians start listening to Metallica?, he asked. I said, "I don't; I only listen to Christian music. He said, "I know my Metallica, and that's James Hetfield singing from Metallica, and I know how they play their music; no one can copy their music and style."
I said, "It's Christian. It's a band called ApologetiX." And I told him about your band and what it does and explained how you turn the words into Christian words, and before he could catch his breath, I put on "Downer of a Sister," and he said, "Wow, that's amazing. They can do all of these different sounds and voices."
I put on "Smooth Grandmama," and I just kept putting on one after the other, and he was speechless. This was the same guy who wouldn't come into my apartment because it said "God bless the USA" on the door, but he stayed two hours, wanting to know where he could get a hold of these ApologetiX CDs.
I sent him some CDs. He liked them. Allen, that's his name, went so far as to even ask where I went to church, so Satan doesn't have quite the hold on him that he thinks he does maybe. I'll keep you posted.


text:
Q: Add trusted remote certificate to Ubuntu server I'm running an app on an AWS server running Ubuntu 12.04.4 LTS. I'm writing a script to connect to an SFTP server from the command line, but am unable to connect.
I believe this is because my Ubuntu server does not trust the certificate on the SFTP server I'm trying to connect to.  The reason I believe this is the case is because when I use a desktop program like Filezilla to manually connect to the SFTP server, Filezilla first warns me that the server's certificate is unknown, and I need to confirm that I would like to trust the certificate and continue connecting. After doing so, I am successfully connected.
When I try to connect programmatically from a script on the Ubunut server, I get errors that the connection is unsuccessful and has timed out.  I'm hoping someone can confirm whether or not I am correct to think this could be the cause of the problem, and instruct me on how I can ensure my Ubuntu server trusts the certificates on the remote SFTP server.
I am attempting to connect to: ftps://feeds.adcenter.microsoft.com.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Tag: Carly Fiorina
After the shootings, speculation ran ahead of the facts
On November 29, 2015 November 29, 2015 By Dan KennedyIn Media5 Comments
It's now becoming clear that Robert Lewis Dear Jr., the suspect in the Planned Parenthood shootings in Colorado Springs, was motivated by opposition to abortion. NBC News, citing "sources," was the first to report that Dear used the phrase "no more baby parts," and both The Washington Post (citing "a law enforcement official") and The New York Times ("a senior law enforcement official") say they've confirmed it.
This is not surprising, of course. Planned Parenthood has been under siege for months following the release by anti-abortion-rights activists of what Vox properly calls "deceptively edited videos" that make it appear Planned Parenthood is "selling baby parts" for profit. Republican presidential candidate Carly Fiorina's lies upped the ante.
Still, it's important for journalists and, frankly, anyone who cares about the facts not to get ahead of the story. Since Friday evening, I've been appalled at the number of people who've taken to Twitter to condemn the anti-Planned Parenthood campaign on the assumption that the shooter's motivations were political. It wasn't until Saturday night that proof began to emerge.
The Colorado Springs tragedy, which claimed the lives of three people, hits several toxic cultural touchstones — abortion rights, gun rights, and irresponsible behavior by politicians (to be clear: Republican politicians) that can put people's lives in danger. The last thing we need is to leap to conclusions before the facts become known.
Conservative pundits spurn Kasich's strong performance
On November 11, 2015 November 12, 2015 By Dan KennedyIn Media, Politics
John Kasich in New Hampshire earlier this year. Photo (cc) by Michael Vadon.
Tuesday night's Republican presidential debate was a useful reminder — as if I needed one — that these events are not being staged for my benefit.
Late in the proceedings, John Kasich put the finishing touches on what I thought was a strong performance by name-checking the conservative Catholic theologian Michael Novak in arguing that the free-enterprise system needs to be "underlaid with values." No, I haven't read Novak, but I was intrigued. Earlier, Kasich had what I thought was an effective exchange with Donald Trump over immigration. (The Washington Post has published a transcript here.)
To check in with the conservative media today, though, is to learn that some on the right think Kasich all but disqualified himself.
"Kasich espoused positions that can charitably be called compassionate conservatism, less kindly mini-liberalism of the sort that he says he practiced so successfully in Ohio when 'people need help,'" writes the economist Irwin M. Stelzer at The Weekly Standard. Adds Paul Mirengoff of Powerline: "John Kasich annoyingly kept demanding speaking time. He used some of it to remind everyone that he's the least conservative candidate in the field."
A neutral analyst, Boston Globe political reporter James Pindell, thinks Chris Christie's strong showing in the unwatched (by me, anyway) undercard makes him a good bet to replace Kasich in future debates. Kasich, Pindell notes, "backed increasing the minimum wage, bailing out big banks, and allowing 11 million illegal immigrants to stay in the country. It is hard to see how many Republicans will go along with the sentiment."
Clearly Kasich — a top lieutenant in Newt Gingrich's conservative revolution of the mid-1990s — has been recast as a hopeless RINO. And the notion that he might be the most appealing candidate the Republicans could put up against Hillary Clinton is apparently not nearly as interesting to conservative stalwarts as his heterodox views, summarized by the PBS NewsHour.
As the debate opened, all eyes were on the moderators. Would they manage to avoid the anti-media controversies that befell the CNBC panelists a couple of weeks ago while still managing to maintain a firm hand? My answer is that they partially succeeded. They avoided the snarky, disrespectful tone of the CNBC debate, and the candidates responded with a substantive discussion of the issues.
But on several occasions the panelists were just too soft. One example was Neil Cavuto's exchange with Ben Carson in which he tried to press Carson on questions that have been raised about his truthfulness. Carson didn't really answer, and before you knew it he was off and running about Benghazi.
Cavuto's follow-up: "Thank you, Dr. Carson."
Then there was the rather amazing question Maria Bartiromo asked Rubio toward the end of the debate, which I thought was well described by Max Fisher of Vox:
https://twitter.com/Max_Fisher/status/664292269554438144
Who won? After each of these encounters, the pundits keep telling us that Rubio is on the move. And yes, the Florida senator has risen in the polls, though he's still well behind Trump (who informed us that he and Vladimir Putin are "stablemates") and Carson.
But Rubio's over-rehearsed demeanor may not wear well. I thought his weakest moment on Tuesday came when Rand Paul challenged him on military spending. The audience liked Rubio's militaristic response. Paul, though, appeared to be at ease as he offered facts and figures, while Rubio just seemed to be sputtering talking points.
As for Jeb Bush, well, the consensus is that he did better than he had previously, but not enough to make a difference. "He may have stopped the free fall," writes Jennifer Rubin, The Washington Post's conservative blogger, "but he was outshone once again by competitors." The questions about Bush's continued viabililty will continue.
Carly Fiorina turned in another in a series of strong performances. But they don't seem to be helping her much in the polls, and there was nothing that happened Tuesday night to make me think that's going to change.
John Dickerson of Slate, who is also the host of CBS News' Face the Nation, seems to believe the race will ultimately come down to Rubio's mainstream conservatism and the much-harder-edged version offered by Ted Cruz, who once again showed he's a skilled debater.
If that's the case, let's get on with it. Tuesday night's event featured eight candidates — a bit more manageable than the previous three debates, but still too large to sustain a coherent line of thought. (What was that about Michael Novak again, Governor Kasich?)
For that to happen, though, Trump and Carson are going to have to fade. And despite months of predictions (including some by me) that their support would collapse, they remain at the top of the heap. As long as that's the case, Rubio versus Cruz means precisely nothing.
"The Democrats are laughing," Cruz said at one point in response to a question about immigration. In fact, the Republicans have given their rivals plenty of comedic material during in 2015. The question is whether that will change in 2016 — or if Hillary Clinton will be laughing all the way to Election Day.


text:
Assol stegt für
 Assol (Sängerin) (* 1994), ukrainische Sängerin und Schauspielerin
 Assol (Vorname), weiblicher russischer Vorname

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Molly here- now on to the most basic of basic bachelorette parties. We just wrapped up the most Basic DIY floral party (no, really! We partied at a restaurant here in Charleston called the Basic Kitchen!) We had six ladies that traveled all the way from NYC to party, wine and dine here in The Holy City and we are so thrilled they spent some of their bachelorette activities with us.
Since their Airbnb had some uninvited guests (hello, Charleston Palmetto Bugs!) we did a last minute switch-a-roo to host the flower crown party at Basic Kitchen, a Charleston hot spot and MUST for delicious local food, juices, coffee, etc, etc! (so good!) Also if you happen to be there during appropriate times to drink you should def get the beet margarita. One of our faves!!
*If you are interested in holding your DIY floral crown party at a restaurant, make sure you call a head and make a reservation/let the host + manager know what you are planning on doing so they can accommodate! Major shout out to the staff of Basic Kitchen for working with us and being so sweet as we were flower partying!!
Table space was a bit limited, but that didn't stop us from partying!
The bachelorette group chose silk flowers so the bride could wear her crown at her bridal shower AND so the girls could wear them all weekend plus when they returned home! How fun and SMART!
Ready to schedule your own DIY floral crown bar for a party, shower, girls night? Dates + times are filling up quickly for the summer season, so hurry up and schedule your next floral party!


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Toxicology Research
Evaluation of potential acute cardiotoxicity of biodegradable nanocapsules in rats by intravenous administration
Rafael Fracasso,ab Marília Baierle,ab Gabriela Goëthel,ab Anelise Barth,ab Fernando Freitas,a Sabrina Nascimento,ab Louise Altknecht,a Virgilio Olsen,c Karina Paese,bd Vinicius Duval da Silva,e Iran Castro,f Michael Andrades,c Nadine Clausell,c Adriana Pohlmann,bg Silvia Guterresbd and Solange Cristina Garcia*abf
a Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Analysis, Pharmacy Faculty, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 90610000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
E-mail: solange.garcia@ufrgs.br
b Post-graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences (PPGCF), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 90610000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
c Division of Cardiology (Cardiolab), Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
d Department of Production and Control of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 90610000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
e Department of Pathology, Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
f Institute of Cardiology, University Cardiology Foundation, Porto Alegre, Brazil
g Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
Nanotoxicology aims to study the safety of nanomaterials, especially towards human exposure. Biodegradable polymeric nanocapsules have been indicated as potential drug carriers applicable for treating several pathologies. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the potential cardiotoxicity of biodegradable lipid-core nanocapsules (LNC) containing poly(ε-caprolactone). Nanocapsules were characterized and the acute toxicity evaluation was conducted in Wistar rats. Two control groups (saline and tween/glycerol) were utilized, and three treated groups were chosen for low, intermediate and high doses: 28.7 × 1012 (LNC-1), 57.5 × 1012 (LNC-2) and 115 × 1012 (LNC-3), expressed as number of nanocapsules per milliliter per kg. Blood pressure measurements were performed in non-anesthetized animals by caudal plethysmography. The electrocardiographic (ECG) and echocardiographic analyses were carried out after anesthesia by isoflurane at two points, prior to treatment and after 14 days. Blood was collected 24 hours and 14 days after treatment. Biochemical and histopathological analyses were performed. During the evaluation period, no deaths, weight loss or clinical signs were observed. Post-treatment systolic pressures (24 h and 14 days) were significantly increased in comparison to pre-treatment in both control groups and treated groups, which is suggested to be as a possible consequence of the infused volume. Serum sodium, potassium, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase, as well as, hematological parameters were within reference values established for rats. ECG showed no indications of cardiotoxicity. Despite the echocardiograms, no alterations in the ejection fraction were found as indicators of cardiotoxicity. Cardiac histopathology also demonstrated no alterations. Therefore, the present results on acute evaluation after i.v. administration, by slow infusion, showed potential safety since no cardiotoxic effects by ECG, echocardiographic, arterial pressure, biochemical and histopathological analyses were found.
https://doi.org/10.1039/C5TX00207A
Toxicol. Res., 2016,5, 168-179
Author version available
Download author version (PDF)
Rafael Fracasso
Marília Baierle
Gabriela Goëthel
Anelise Barth
Fernando Freitas
Sabrina Nascimento
Louise Altknecht
Virgilio Olsen
Karina Paese
Vinicius Duval da Silva
Iran Castro
Michael Andrades
Nadine Clausell
Adriana Pohlmann
Silvia Guterres
Solange Cristina Garcia


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Discover the most talked about and latest scientific content & concepts.
Concept: Average
Anthropogenic contamination of tap water, beer, and sea salt
Published almost 3 years ago
Plastic pollution has been well documented in natural environments, including the open waters and sediments within lakes and rivers, the open ocean and even the air, but less attention has been paid to synthetic polymers in human consumables. Since multiple toxicity studies indicate risks to human health when plastic particles are ingested, more needs to be known about the presence and abundance of anthropogenic particles in human foods and beverages. This study investigates the presence of anthropogenic particles in 159 samples of globally sourced tap water, 12 brands of Laurentian Great Lakes beer, and 12 brands of commercial sea salt. Of the tap water samples analyzed, 81% were found to contain anthropogenic particles. The majority of these particles were fibers (98.3%) between 0.1-5 mm in length. The range was 0 to 61 particles/L, with an overall mean of 5.45 particles/L. Anthropogenic debris was found in each brand of beer and salt. Of the extracted particles, over 99% were fibers. After adjusting for particles found in lab blanks for both salt and beer, the average number of particles found in beer was 4.05 particles/L with a range of 0 to 14.3 particles/L and the average number of particles found in each brand of salt was 212 particles/kg with a range of 46.7 to 806 particles/kg. Based on consumer guidelines, our results indicate the average person ingests over 5,800 particles of synthetic debris from these three sources annually, with the largest contribution coming from tap water (88%).
Concepts: Water, Lake, Water pollution, Polymer, Average, Sea, Ocean, Great Lakes
Support or competition? How online social networks increase physical activity: A randomized controlled trial
Preventive medicine reports
To identify what features of online social networks can increase physical activity, we conducted a 4-arm randomized controlled trial in 2014 in Philadelphia, PA. Students (n = 790, mean age = 25.2) at an university were randomly assigned to one of four conditions composed of either supportive or competitive relationships and either with individual or team incentives for attending exercise classes. The social comparison condition placed participants into 6-person competitive networks with individual incentives. The social support condition placed participants into 6-person teams with team incentives. The combined condition with both supportive and competitive relationships placed participants into 6-person teams, where participants could compare their team's performance to 5 other teams' performances. The control condition only allowed participants to attend classes with individual incentives. Rewards were based on the total number of classes attended by an individual, or the average number of classes attended by the members of a team. The outcome was the number of classes that participants attended. Data were analyzed using multilevel models in 2014. The mean attendance numbers per week were 35.7, 38.5, 20.3, and 16.8 in the social comparison, the combined, the control, and the social support conditions. Attendance numbers were 90% higher in the social comparison and the combined conditions (mean = 1.9, SE = 0.2) in contrast to the two conditions without comparison (mean = 1.0, SE = 0.2) (p = 0.003). Social comparison was more effective for increasing physical activity than social support and its effects did not depend on individual or team incentives.
Concepts: Comparison, Randomized controlled trial, Arithmetic mean, Average, Randomness, Control, Grammatical number, The A-Team
Model-Based Comprehensive Analysis of School Closure Policies for Mitigating Influenza Epidemics and Pandemics
PLoS computational biology
School closure policies are among the non-pharmaceutical measures taken into consideration to mitigate influenza epidemics and pandemics spread. However, a systematic review of the effectiveness of alternative closure policies has yet to emerge. Here we perform a model-based analysis of four types of school closure, ranging from the nationwide closure of all schools at the same time to reactive gradual closure, starting from class-by-class, then grades and finally the whole school. We consider policies based on triggers that are feasible to monitor, such as school absenteeism and national ILI surveillance system. We found that, under specific constraints on the average number of weeks lost per student, reactive school-by-school, gradual, and county-wide closure give comparable outcomes in terms of optimal infection attack rate reduction, peak incidence reduction or peak delay. Optimal implementations generally require short closures of one week each; this duration is long enough to break the transmission chain without leading to unnecessarily long periods of class interruption. Moreover, we found that gradual and county closures may be slightly more easily applicable in practice as they are less sensitive to the value of the excess absenteeism threshold triggering the start of the intervention. These findings suggest that policy makers could consider school closure policies more diffusely as response strategy to influenza epidemics and pandemics, and the fact that some countries already have some experience of gradual or regional closures for seasonal influenza outbreaks demonstrates that logistic and feasibility challenges of school closure strategies can be to some extent overcome.
Concepts: Epidemiology, Infectious disease, Influenza, Emergence, Average, Policy, Pandemic, Closure
ANALYSIS OF SPRINTING ACTIVITIES OF PROFESSIONAL SOCCER PLAYERS.
Journal of strength and conditioning research / National Strength & Conditioning Association
Published about 8 years ago
The aim of the study was a detailed analysis of the sprinting activity of professional soccer players. The study involved 147 players who played in 10 matches of the 2008-2009 and 2010-2011 UEFA Europa League seasons. The number of performed sprints and total sprint distances covered by the players were examined using collected statistical material. Two types of sprints were distinguished based on their duration: S - short duration sprint (below 5 s) and L - long duration sprint (above 5 s). Additionally, sprints were classified according to their distance: 0-10 m, 10.1-20.0 m, and > 20 m, respectively. The analysis of the sprinting activity of soccer players also involved their respective positions of play. The study was carried out using Amisco Pro® (ver. 1.0.2, Nice, France), one of most comprehensive, up-to-date computer systems for match analysis.The statistical analysis revealed that the mean total sprint distance covered by players (≥ 24 km • h-1) amounted to 237 ± 123 m. With regard to the position of play, the forwards covered the longest sprint distance (345 ± 129 m), i.e. 9% longer than midfielders (313 ± 119 m), and over 100% longer than central midfielders (167 ± 87 m). The average number of sprints performed by the soccer players was 11.2 ± 5.3. It should also be emphasized that about 90% of sprints performed by professional soccer players were shorter than 5 s, while only 10% were longer than 5 s. Analysis of physical loads of soccer players during matches can be useful for individualization of training of soccer players' speed capabilities. It is an essential instrument of modern planning and application of training loads.
Concepts: Statistics, Arithmetic mean, Average, Running, UEFA Europa League, UEFA, UEFA Champions League, UEFA Intertoto Cup
Offering A Price Transparency Tool Did Not Reduce Overall Spending Among California Public Employees And Retirees
Health affairs (Project Hope)
Insurers, employers, and states increasingly encourage price transparency so that patients can compare health care prices across providers. However, the evidence on whether price transparency tools encourage patients to receive lower-cost care and reduce overall spending remains limited and mixed. We examined the experience of a large insured population that was offered a price transparency tool, focusing on a set of "shoppable" services (lab tests, office visits, and advanced imaging services). Overall, offering the tool was not associated with lower shoppable services spending. Only 12 percent of employees who were offered the tool used it in the first fifteen months after it was introduced, and use of the tool was not associated with lower prices for lab tests or office visits. The average price paid for imaging services preceded by a price search was 14 percent lower than that paid for imaging services not preceded by a price search. However, only 1 percent of those who received advanced imaging conducted a price search. Simply offering a price transparency tool is not sufficient to meaningfully decrease health care prices or spending.
Concepts: Health care, Health care provider, Health, Illness, Average, Employment, Price, Insurance
How ants use quorum sensing to estimate the average quality of a fluctuating resource
We show that one of the advantages of quorum-based decision-making is an ability to estimate the average value of a resource that fluctuates in quality. By using a quorum threshold, namely the number of ants within a new nest site, to determine their choice, the ants are in effect voting with their feet. Our results show that such quorum sensing is compatible with homogenization theory such that the average value of a new nest site is determined by ants accumulating within it when the nest site is of high quality and leaving when it is poor. Hence, the ants can estimate a surprisingly accurate running average quality of a complex resource through the use of extraordinarily simple procedures.
Concepts: Mathematics, Evaluation, Average, Moving average
Propagation of natural toad calls in a Mediterranean terrestrial environment
Propagation patterns of animal acoustic signals provide insights into the evolution of signal design to convey signaler's information to potential recipients. However, propagation properties of vertebrate calls have been rarely studied using natural calls from individuals; instead playback calls broadcast through loudspeakers have been used extensively, a procedure that may involve acoustical and physical features differing from natural sounds. Measurements of the transmission characteristics of natural advertisement calls, which are simple tonal sounds, of the Iberian midwife toad, Alytes cisternasii, were carried out, and the results were compared with previously published results broadcasting recorded calls of the same species. Measurements of sound pressure level (SPL) of calls from individual male A. cisternasii revealed that the call amplitude decreases at distances of 1-8 m from the source at rates averaging 1-5 dB above spherical transmission loss in an omni-directional pattern. A comparison between SPLs of natural calls in the current study and of playback calls from a previous study showed that patterns of propagation did not differ in average values, but variance was significantly higher for natural calls. Results suggest that using broadcast signals for transmission experiments may result in a simplification of the conditions in which actual animals communicate in nature.
Concepts: Acoustics, Average, Sound, Sound pressure, Microphone, Level, Broadcasting, Bioacoustics
Quantum and impulse noise filtering from breast mammogram images.
Computer methods and programs in biomedicine
Recent advances in the field of image processing have shown that level of noise highly affect the quality and accuracy of classification when working with mammographic images. In this paper, we have proposed a method that consists of two major modules: noise detection and noise filtering. For detection purpose, neural network is used which effectively detect the noise from highly corrupted images. Pixel values of the window and some other features are used as feature for the training of neural network. For noise removal, three filters are used. The weighted average value of these three filters is filled on noisy pixels. The proposed technique has been tested on salt & pepper and quantum noise present in mammogram images. Peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity index measure (SSIM) are used for comparison of proposed technique with different existing techniques. Experiments shows that proposed technique produce better results as compare to existing methods.
Concepts: Arithmetic mean, Average, Mammography, Weighted mean, Signal-to-noise ratio, Image processing, Video quality, Peak signal-to-noise ratio
Feasibility of school-based computer-assisted robotic gaming technology for upper limb rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy
Disability and rehabilitation. Assistive technology
Abstract Introduction: We investigated the feasibility of using computer-assisted arm rehabilitation (CAAR) computer games in schools. Outcomes were children's preference for single player or dual player mode, and changes in arm activity and kinematics. Method: Nine boys and two girls with cerebral palsy (6-12 years, mean 9 years) played assistive technology computer games in single-user mode or with school friends in an AB-BA design. Preference was determined by recording the time spent playing each mode and by qualitative feedback. We used the ABILHAND-kids and Canadian Occupational Performance Measure to evaluate activity limitation, and a portable laptop-based device to capture arm kinematics. Results: No difference was recorded between single-user and dual-user modes (median daily use 9.27 versus 11.2 min, p = 0.214). Children reported dual-user mode was preferable. There were no changes in activity limitation (ABILHAND-kids, p = 0.424; COPM, p = 0.484) but we found significant improvements in hand speed (p = 0.028), smoothness (p = 0.005) and accuracy (p = 0.007). Conclusion: School timetables prohibit extensive use of rehabilitation technology but there is potential for its short-term use to supplement a rehabilitation program. The restricted access to the rehabilitation games was sufficient to improve arm kinematics but not arm activity. Implications for Rehabilitation School premises and teaching staff present no obstacles to the installation of rehabilitation gaming technology. Twelve minutes per day is the average amount of time that the school time table permits children to use rehabilitation gaming equipment (without disruption to academic attendance). The use of rehabilitation gaming technology for an average of 12 minutes daily does not appear to benefit children's functional performance, but there are improvements in the kinematics of children's upper limb.
Concepts: Time, Mode, Median, Arithmetic mean, Mean, Average, Upper limb, Canadian model of occupational performance
QuickStats: Average Number of Deaths from Motor Vehicle Injuries, Suicide, and Homicide,* by Day of the Week - National Vital Statistics System, United States, 2015
MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
In 2015, an average of 103 motor vehicle injury deaths, 121 suicides, and 49 homicides occurred each day. Motor vehicle injury deaths were more likely to occur on Saturdays and Sundays and least likely to occur on Tuesdays. The highest number of suicides occurred on Mondays and Tuesdays and the lowest on Saturdays. Homicides peaked on Sundays, followed by Saturdays; homicides were less likely to occur on weekdays.
Concepts: Death, Injury, Average, Suicide, Homicide


New advances in embryonic stem cells could be in a position to affect dramatically the way the problem is treated later on. On the contrary, Destructeur de Diabete Type 2 it evaporates entirely. Insulin also enables the liver to put away surplus glucose. Diabetes is characterized by means of an increase in blood sugar and frequent micturition. It is a condition which the body is unable to create or make correct use of insulin, Destructeur de Diabete Type 2 resulting in having high blood sugar. It's possible to purchase a glucose meter that you enjoy the most, which meets the requirements of your way of life and is user friendly too. There are a lot of factors that may cause this condition. It is the abnormally fast replication of skin cells at a particular body region. A foot ulcer results from damage of one or more nerves in the region wherever your foot experiences most pressure. The gain in inflammation can lead to a rise in pressure on the lumbar region of the spinal column, well, at the nerves lining the region particularly. In its zenith, the pain gets so intense that I must get rid of all my clothing and avoid air from circulating around me so I can come across some feeling of peace, which never comes. There are a few supplements that are not acceptable for diabetics. Don't use bitter melon in case you have liver conditions like cirrhosis or hepatitis. Herbs altogether help to lower the blood glucose levels naturally without causing any adverse consequences on health. Life style and home treatments for diabetic neuropathy are extremely fruitful to handle the problem to a larger extent. Gaining a complete comprehension of what it will mean to take care of a pet that's diabetic can help you produce the choice about how to move forward. Often, treating a related wellness condition can fix the issue, and with the proper approach to male organ healthcare, men can be ready once the opportunity arises.


No 1 [Joffre], Becconsall shed, 1 August 1976 The 0-6-0T is one of 70 600mm gauge locos built for the French artillery in World War I by Kerr Stuart (2405 / 1915). (Joffre was the French C in C 1914-1916.) Five survived at a quarry near Calais; all have been repatriated. 2405 came to Lancashire in 1974, and restoration began in 1995. Photo by Les Tindall.


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Marc Laquon Payne: 5 Fast Facts You Need to Know
By	Jessica McBride
Updated Sep 15, 2016 at 2:02am
Marc Payne mugshot.
Marc Laquon Payne is accused of intentionally ramming his car into three Phoenix police officers in what the police chief called an "intentional" act.
Fox 10 reported, "Police say 44-year-old Marc LaQuon Payne aimed at the officers and stepped on the gas, plowing into them."
The officers were seriously injured but are expected to survive, according to a statement from Phoenix police.
The incident comes in the wake of the intentional targeting of police officers in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, and Dallas, Texas this summer.
1. Police Released a Surveillance Video Showing the Car Plowing Into the Three Officers
Phoenix police chief Joe Yahner released a graphic video of the moment the car ran into the three officers, sending one of them flying.
In a statement posted to Facebook, Yahner wrote that the three "officers had just completed a call for service and were standing in the parking lot in front of the store debriefing the incident when the suspect drove his vehicle directly at them attempting to run them over."
He alleged that "the suspect vehicle struck two of the officers, collided into a police vehicle and crashed into the QT causing extensive damage. The suspect then struggled violently with the officers for several minutes before being taken into custody. The two officers struck by the vehicle sustained serious but not life threatening injuries. The third officer was able to jump out of the way but sustained some injuries during the extended struggle with the suspect."
2. Payne Was Described as a 'Transient' & One of the Officers Was Serving His First Day on the Job
The moment a car drives toward three Phoenix Police officers. (Facebook/Phoenix Police Department)
Fox 10 said the car sent "a 33-year-old officer on his first day on the job cartwheeling through the air."
According to The Chicago Tribune, a "41-year-old police sergeant suffered a broken leg, a 36-year-old veteran officer had minor injuries and a 33-year-old officer on his first day of training suffered a head injury."
CBS News reported that court documents released September 14 "described Payne as a transient without community ties. The documents also said that Payne was under the influence of alcohol or drugs at the time."
3. Police Alleged That Payne Targeted the Officers Intentionally
Suspect accused of running over 3 Phoenix officers taken to jail; Marc L Payne facing 3 cts att murder #fox10phoenix pic.twitter.com/C1XsMvS5dw
— Nicole Garcia Fox10 (@Fox10_NicoleG) September 14, 2016
Chief Yahner wrote on Facebook: "This morning, outside the QT at 2500 W. Camelback, three of our officers were the victims of a violent, intentional attack."
Yahner also said, according to Fox News, "I've never seen so many senseless, violent acts targeting law enforcement."
AZCentral.com reported that Yahner also said, "Our Phoenix police officers were targeted."
4. The Police Chief Called the Officers 'Heroic'
Phoenix Police Chief Joe Yahner: "Thank goodness we're not planning three funerals." https://t.co/TwwI055piS
— KTAR News (@KTAR923) September 14, 2016
Chief Yahner praised the actions of the three officers.
"As a Department, we are very fortunate these officers were not killed or more seriously injured," he wrote on Facebook.
"We are living in uncertain times, and this is yet another reminder of how important it is to stay vigilant, and to watch out for one another. The actions taken by our officers in the immediate moments following this incident were nothing short of heroic. I am so proud of them and all the men and women of the Phoenix Police Department."
5. Payne Was Previously Arrested for Kicking an Officer, Reports Say
Marc L Payne previously arrested for assaulting 3 Phoenix officers in 1997. Now faces attempt murder #fox10phoenix pic.twitter.com/qiaxWPdAAB
According to KPNX-TV, Payne was "arrested in 1997 for kicking an officer during a roadside encounter."
He received two years probation, the station said.
According to ABC 15, the officers attacked in the earlier incident "told the court they believed the man would attack officers again if he were ever arrested."
Published Sep 13, 2016 at 10:53pm
5 Fast Facts, Arizona, Breaking News, Phoenix, Police
Marc Laquon Payne was identified as the suspect accused of intentionally ramming a car into three Phoenix police officers.


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Michelle Obama: First Female Public Figure To Appear On Better Homes & Garden
First Lady Michelle Obama is no stranger to gracing the covers of magazines, but her appearance on the cover of next month's Better Homes and Gardens is a rare milestone.The magazine hasn't put a public figure on its cover in more than four decades, and she's now the first female public figure to make the cover.
The August issue features a smiling Michelle Obama sitting at a picnic table on the White House lawn. She's wearing a blue and white floral dress and yellow sweater.She reveals in an interview that after moving into the White House she was not as active as she had been—and reveals her clothes began to get tight.
The Better Homes and Gardens story brings students from Harriet Tubman Elementary in Washington to the White House for a veggie-laden picnic lunch with the first lady. It's complete with photos of chard and tips for helping children learn to love vegetables.
Mrs. Obama reveals in the interview:
"Ironically, her more constricted life has made it harder to follow her own advice about staying on the move. "I became more sedentary," she admits. After her first year at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, she was surprised that her body had changed. "I realized that some clothes were getting tighter," she says. "I didn't know what was going on." She has increased her time at the gym, and now banters with her husband–"I always tease him I'm in better shape than he is." She laughs. "I can do longer workouts. He's the President." Their physically active lifestyle is also an implicit signal to their daughters. "Ultimately kids emulate what they see. You don't have to make a lecture if you're living it. We don't talk about working out, we just do."
Kudos to the First Lady!
First Lady Michelle Obama Announces Initiative To Expand Access To Healthy, Affordable Food
Michelle Obama & Family Go On African Safari [PHOTOS]


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Oklahoma withdraws restrictive court access rules
In a move that shows measured thought, the Oklahoma Supreme Court announced it would withdraw controversial rules that would have…
In a move that shows measured thought, the Oklahoma Supreme Court announced it would withdraw controversial rules that would have limited public access to online court records and instead rethink its approach in order to balance privacy interests with the public's right to access court records.
First Amendment advocates strongly criticized the rules when they were announced March 11 and have lauded the court's move to rescind them.
It is a good sign when a public body can see the error in cutting off access to public information and work to rectify the situation. Oklahoma — you're OK.


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The OECD's Fiscal Federalism 2016 – Making Decentralisation Work analyses in which institutional frameworks and to what extent fiscal autonomy of sub-central governments (hereinafter: SCGs) is desirable and possible on both the expenditure and the revenue sides. The book is the latest publication by Fiscal Federalism Network, created in 2004 with the aim of providing OECD countries with analytical and statistical support and facilitating decision-making in the organization of fiscal relations across levels of government. Each of the six accessible and easy-to-read chapters abounds with case studies and cross-country analyses, consistently with the purpose of the book – to analyse and propose reform options for intergovernmental fiscal frameworks and sub-central public finance.
What is the extent to which SCGs are given autonomy? The first chapter provides an overview of fiscal decentralization and intergovernmental fiscal reforms in OECD countries. It is emphasized that standard fiscal indicators – such as subcentral spending and revenue shares or the size and composition of intergovernmental grants – are insufficient for an assessment of the multidimensional concept of fiscal decentralization. This is why a proposal to use the new, institutional indicators – such as tax autonomy, spending power or intergovernmental grant conditionality – can be seen as a completely new approach to the assessment of fiscal decentralization. While standard indicators are based solely on the fiscal capacities of SCGs, new indicators are defined by their institutional capacities and relations with upper-tier government. This makes particular sense in countries where tastes, preferences and attitudes towards the public sector vary according to jurisdictions.
Fiscal rules and frameworks are concerned with how historical turning points can create the basis for constitutional reform options in today's environment. Although constitutional set-ups vary widely from one country to another, all differences can be reduced to a single dimension – the level of constitutional decentralization, within which three types of federation are distinguished: decentralized, integrated and (somewhere in-between) quasi-decentralized. This chapter contributes to the understanding of intergovernmental relations and fiscal decentralization by emphasizing the need for coherence of fiscal constitutions – for example, how much spending autonomy matches tax autonomy or whether fiscal rules are aligned with the fiscal responsibility of state and local governments. Although fiscal constitution is a country-specific term, some common elements are highlighted on the path toward greater coherence, which should be useful to policy makers in the implementation of constitutional or other policy reforms.
Chapter 3 addresses the opportunities and challenges of property taxation as a typical local tax. Since upper-tier governments determine the tax base, any reform of property tax regimes must therefore be tied to reforms of intergovernmental fiscal frameworks. That is why part of this chapter is about a property tax that is revenue neutral, which requires amendments to both spending and taxation across all tiers of government. Although in most OECD countries, since 2008, property tax as a share of sub-central tax has begun to rise again, due to different fiscal constitutions, frameworks and rules, the chapter concludes that property tax reform is deeply country-specific and must be carefully implemented to fit specific circumstances. Therefore, it is a great challenge to find common elements of reform options for all OECD countries, especially considering different constitutional settings in unitary and federal governments.
Taxes or grants: which revenue source for sub-central governments? SCGs are trying to establish a balance between own taxes and intergovernmental transfers, which is conditioned by decisions at all levels of government. Although the importance of own sources of funding is clear, the chapter also states that intergovernmental grants still have a role to play, as they can help reduce differences in tax raising capacity or inter-jurisdictional externalities. However, for that purpose they would have to be around half of their current size. First, if the fiscal autonomy and spending power of SCGs (and thus own tax revenues) increase, the role of intergovernmental grants becomes less important. Grants do not give SCGs much freedom to decide on their spending levels. Second, unlike grants, own taxes increase government accountability and may affect citizens' greater involvement in budget processes. This is because most grants are earmarked for specific purposes and citizens have no impact on the allocation of these funds. Third, reliance on grants affects SCGs' sustainability as, unlike own taxes, grants tend to ease the budget constraint and lead to overspending.
Chapter 5 discusses a very important topic in the context of fiscal decentralization – monitoring SCG borrowing. It explores and analyses how different SCG borrowing mechanisms work in OECD countries. Among other things, the most discussed are fiscal rules and direct control by higher levels of government. The chapter is permeated with useful examples of completed and started fiscal reforms and expenditure and debt restrictions. Also, one box is devoted to the effects of bailout expectations – a situation of economic stress when SCGs may expect central governments to bail them out with additional resources, which again points to the importance of the adequate establishment and management of intergovernmental fiscal relations.
Finally, the last chapter presents the definition, scope and preliminary results of a pilot study on the extent to which SCGs enjoy autonomy in the design of public services. The chapter provides evidence of the limited power of SCGs over their own spending that could have negative effects on public service efficiency. The study was carried out in a five countries1 in 2009 and has resulted in the introduction of a new SCG spending power indicator. Since the spending power of SCGs is largely determined by the legal frameworks, rules and regulations of the upper tier government, the new indicator takes into account different categories of autonomy, which should explain the extent of control that SCGs exert over the budget. The main findings show that spending power varies across countries and services and is often shared. However, the final indicator seems not yet to have been determined, although the results of the pilot study and its possible application to more countries in future studies can only contribute to the re-design of individual elements of spending responsibility across all tiers of government. In that sense, this chapter makes the biggest contribution of the entire book.
In general, the book is very well structured, divided into six, clearly presented chapters. Though the chapter contents can act as separate stories, what pervades each of them is the importance of adequate fiscal constitutions so that relations between central and sub-central governments can support fiscal decentralization and the autonomy of SCGs. In this book, the reader is confronted with the compilation of some of the most salient policy issues in fiscal federalism, where many examples illustrate the current fiscal policies, but also the policy reform options. For example, chapter 3 provides guidelines for reforming the tax on immovable property that can contribute to a strategic shift away from taxation of labour towards less distorting taxes.
Compared to the previous edition of fiscal federalism – OECD (2013) where the main contribution was the guidelines for fiscal reform based on the set of country case studies in Blöchliger and Vammalle (2012) – this book seems to be much more specific in developing a new institutional indicator for measuring the spending power of SCGs. Although the spending power indicator tree is applied to only the five countries in the pilot study, application to a number of countries would probably help re-design the assignment of spending responsibility at all levels of government. Therefore, the book is mandatory reading for all policy makers and is also useful for individuals, civil society groups, professional associations and the private sector. The book should also be of particular interest to all citizens concerned with their local community in order to get acquainted with legal possibilities and constraints and the possibilities of engaging in decision-making processes at the local level.
Although budget transparency and public participation are mentioned in certain parts of some chapters (e.g. chapter 5 on transparency and chapter 4 on civic engagement), the impression remains that much more devotion should have been made to this topic. In order for public finances to become more efficient, equitable and sustainable, greater government accountability and citizens' trust are needed. Due to this, local budget transparency can serve as the basis and the first step for direct public participation in budget processes in order for a more efficient resource allocation to be achieved. For if citizens are satisfied with the services they receive, the level of autonomy, intergovernmental relations and spending power remain at the level of concept.
1 Of the five countries taken in the pilot study, Germany and Switzerland are federal and Denmark, Portugal and the Slovak Republic are unitary.
Blöchliger, H. and Vammalle, C., 2012. Reforming Fiscal Federalism and Local Government: Beyond the Zero-Sum Game. Paris: OECD.
OECD, 2013. Fiscal Federalism 2014: Making Decentralisation Work. Paris: OECD.


text:
Finding a route through the tangled Web
WHEN technology consultant Pete Hackman wanted to find out where his computer equipment was as it returned across the Atlantic after a major repair, it could not have been easier.
By Chris Johnstone
November 26, 1997	5:00 pm
All he had to do was log into the office Internet, input the airway bill code provided by the express company and the location of his valued equipment popped up on the screen. For the price of a local call, Pete could track the progress of his package all the way home.
If he wanted to, he could also use e-mail to write to the express company with comments or requests for particular information and, in Europe, receive a response in his local language. Somewhat symbolically, Pete's equipment was later held up by customs red tape at Brussels airport.
This practical example of information technology in action was pioneered and put in place by a US company, which expanded its application world-wide with a specific strategy for Europe.
Allowing customers to track their packages has enabled Federal Express (Fedex) to cut its costs considerably without hurting its customer service.
Every phone call its customer service staff do not have to deal with saves the company several dollars. With around 100,000 calls a day to the Internet site, Fedex's savings run into several million dollars a year. A large proportion of its world-wide invoices are also now being sent electronically, saving time, materials and yet more costs.
Fedex launched its home page on the Internet in 1994 and is now beginning to reap the rewards as more people hook up to the World Wide Web.
It is estimated that 27 million people now have access to the web, with that figure set to increase to 36 million by the end of the year.
One independent research organisation has estimated the value of goods and services traded over the Internet will explode to around 300 billion ecu a year in 2002 from just over 7 billion ecu this year.
In Europe, the Fedex service has taken off over the last year. Its European site received 66,800 hits in April this year, up from 21,600 in October 1996 and 1,800 a month earlier.
However, enthusiasm for the new service has not been uniform between countries, with a smaller uptake in those where the Internet and home computer technology have made less inroads into everyday life.
A Fedex survey found the UK topped the European league of Internet hits, followed by Germany, France, the Netherlands and Italy. Italy, despite having roughly the same population, only recorded half the number of hits as those logged in UK.
A survey by the European Commission found the UK leading Germany, Belgium, France and Italy in Internet use per 1,000 people. However, Finland was identified as by far the most promising Internet market, with around 60 Net hosts per 1,000 people, a ratio that even exceeds the 35 per 1,000 registered by the US.
The variable take-off of Internet use across Europe, with Greece, Spain, and Portugal still shunning the Web, is clearly a factor which companies must consider when forming their marketing and communications strategies.
More from ... Chris Johnstone
Belgium	Finland	France	Germany	Greece	Italy	Portugal	Spain	The Netherlands	United Kingdom


Phi Lambda Sigma (PLS), also known as the national Pharmacy Leadership Society, was first established as an honorary society in 1965 to both recognize and promote a culture of strong leadership within the profession of pharmacy. Members, selected through peer recognition, are chosen for having proven a commitment to the advancement of the profession through demonstrated leadership.
The Delta Kappa Chapter of Phi Lambda Sigma at the University of Michigan initiated its inaugural class on October 16, 2013 and is one of over 110 chapters nationwide. Our organization proudly represents a diverse, collaborative group of the College's foremost student leaders, with a mission to empower the next generation of pharmacy leaders by providing innovative opportunities for growth and promoting the recognition and development of leadership at the University of Michigan College of Pharmacy.
If you have any questions about PLS or suggestions for us, feel free to email our Executive Team!


text:
Home Health Aide Represented by Nichols Kaster, PLLP Files Overtime Lawsuit Against Kare Management Solutions, Inc.
Apr 27, 2018 | Business
Complaint alleges that Defendant violated the law by paying home health aides for overtime hours at a straight time rate, rather than at time-and-a-half
MINNEAPOLIS, MN, April 27, 2018 /24-7PressRelease/ — On April 19, 2018, a former home health aide for Kare Management Solutions, LLC filed a lawsuit in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia alleging violations of federal overtime laws. The named plaintiff brought her claim individually and on behalf of similarly situated individuals, which includes all home health aides, and those in similar titles, who have worked for Kare Management Solutions within the past three years. Kare Management Solutions is a home healthcare agency that provides in-home healthcare services throughout Virginia.
The Complaint alleges that Kare Management Solutions violated federal law when it failed to pay its home healthcare workers the legally required overtime premium, which is one and one-half (1.5) times their regular hourly rate for all overtime hours worked. Specifically, the Complaint alleges that Defendant violated the law by paying home health aides for overtime hours at a straight time rate, rather than at time-and-a-half. The case is filed as a Fair Labor Standards Act collective action. The named plaintiff seeks unpaid overtime wages and liquidated (double) damages.
Plaintiffs' attorney Robert L. Schug of Nichols Kaster, PLLP explained, "We believe that the law has been quite clear that workers such as our client and other home health aides are entitled to overtime pay. We look forward to helping them get the pay they deserve."
Plaintiffs are represented by Robert L. Schug and Jason D. Friedman from Nichols Kaster, PLLP, which has offices in Minneapolis, Minnesota and San Francisco, California and Gregg C. Greenberg of Zipin, Amster, & Greenberg in Silver Spring, Maryland. The case is entitled, Baker v. Kare Management Solutions, LLC No. 1:18-cv-00465 (Eastern District of Virginia).
Additional information about how to make a claim for overtime pay in the case may be found at www.nka.com or by calling Nichols Kaster, PLLP toll free at (877) 448-0492.
The firm is led by its partners, who are regularly selected by their peers as Super Lawyers and Best Lawyers, and are leaders in numerous professional organizations, such as the National Employment Lawyers Association, the ABA Federal Labor Standards Legislation Committee, the Practising Law Institute, Minnesota National Employment Lawyers Association, Public Justice, and the Council for the Minnesota State Bar Association's Consumer Litigation Section.
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text:
А́ля Рахма́нова (псевдоним; настоящее имя Галина Александра фон Хойер / Galina Alexandra von Hoyer, урождённая Галина Николаевна Дюрягина) — русская писательница и биограф. Писала на русском языке, но все её произведения выходили только в немецком переводе.

Биография
Родилась в семье врача в посёлке Каслинский завод (Екатеринбургский уезд Пермской губернии), ныне город Касли в Челябинской области. С 1916 училась на филологическом отделении историко-филологического факультета Пермского университета, образование завершила в Иркутске во время Гражданской войны. В 1921 вышла замуж за бывшего военнопленного, австрийца Арнульфа фон Хойера. С 1922 они жили в Перми, а в 1925 высланы из СССР. Сначала они поселились в Вене, в 1927 переехали в Зальцбург.

В 1931 году на основе своих личных дневников написала автобиографическое повествование, изданное под псевдонимом на немецком языке (в переводе её мужа) под названием Studenten, Liebe, Tscheka und Tod («Студенты, любовь, Чека и смерть») и описывающее её жизнь с 1916 по 1920 годы. Появившиеся вскоре продолжения составили трилогию, которая принесла «Але Рахмановой» международную известность. Её книги были изданы тиражом более двух миллионов экземпляров на 22 языках мира, но на русском так никогда и не вышли.

В 1945 единственный сын Хойеров погиб в Вене в бою с Советскими войсками, а в 1946 Хойеры уехали в Швейцарию, где с 1949 жили в городе Эттенхаузен. Арнульф был её неизменным переводчиком на немецкий, и после его смерти в 1970 году она перестала писать.

Рахманова — писательница с очень определённой нравственной позицией, она пишет наглядно и увлекательно.

Сочинения
 трилогия Symphonie des Lebens (Meine russischen Tagebücher)
 Студенты, любовь, ЧK и смерть Studenten, Liebe, Tscheka und Tod, Salzburg, 1931
 Семейная жизнь в красном вихре: Дневник русской жены Ehen im roten Sturm, Salzburg, 1932
 Молочница в Оттакринге Milchfrau in Ottakring, Salzburg, 1933
 Geheimnisse um Tataren und Götzen, Salzburg, 1933 (сборник рассказов о детстве)
 Фабрика нового человека Die Fabrik des neuen Menschen, Salzburg, 1935 (роман получил на конкурсе в Париже в 1936 году первую премию как «лучший антибольшевистский роман современности»)
 Tragödie einer Liebe, Berlin, 1938
 Wera Fedorowna, Graz, 1939
 Einer von vielen. В 2-х тт., Zürich, 1947
 Das Leben eines grossen Sünders (Dostojewski), Zürich, 1947
 Sonja Kowalewski, Zürich, 1950
 Jurka erlebt Wien, Zürich, 1951
 Die Liebe eines Lebens (Turgenew), Frauenfeld, 1952
 Die falsche Zarin, Frauenfeld, 1954
 Im Schatten des Zarenhofes (Puschkin), Frauenfeld, 1957
 Ein kurzer Tag (Tschechow), Frauenfeld, 1961
 Tiere begleiten mein Leben, Frauenfeld, 1963
 Die Verbannten, Frauenfeld, 1964
 Tschaikowski, 1972

Примечания

Ссылки
 Мисте Хотопп-Рике. Аля Рахманова, молочница с Урала

Персоналии:Пермь
Персоналии:Филологи Пермского государственного университета
Выпускники Пермского государственного университета
Русские эмигранты первой волны в Австрии
Русские эмигранты первой волны в Швейцарии
Выпускники историко-филологического факультета Пермского государственного университета