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Beyond Good & Evil Returns: Should We Worry?
May 28, 2008	in Games	2 Comments
Beyond Good & Evil is back! We thought creator Michel Ancel AWOL when he hadn't been seen or heard from since Rabbids launched with Wii, but talk about a fine excuse. Our favorite realistically endowed "are you sure you're black?" heroine has returned, with Pey'j in tow. (Could Double H be far behind?) This is good news.
Still, you have to worry. After all, even with so much going for it, the original BG&E bombed. And that title didn't help. I mean, let's face it, even the most devoted fans couldn't figure out what Nietzsche had to do with Jade's exploits. Everyone else wasn't interested in a game written by a 19th century philosopher. Is Beyond Good & Evil 2 simply a working title? Let's hope so.
But there's something peculiar about the game, too. Even though I have fond memories of Jade's world and its inhabitants, I remember less of what I did there. Where other favorites like Ico and Rez have big moments you just can't forget (the windmill puzzle, a running man set to Rock is Sponge), BG&E leaves you with something different. Edge puts it this way:
There's nothing memorable, nothing meaty in any of the game's set pieces. It's a game you finish in a happy haze, entranced by your time in Jade's world, but hard pressed to remember a single fight, puzzle, race, or stealth challenge that stood out. And it's this, more than anything, that is Ancel's secret. […] Ancel may not be a master of story-writing, he may not map out the most sophisticated character arcs, and he may not have the instincts to set taut and rewarding game mechanics at the heart of the experience he creates, but he has an ability to create characters with instant resonance — and, if you doubt that, you only need to hear 'Carlson and Peters!' echo in your memory to convince you. In a videogame world — where those characters will be acting under their creator's control for so much less time than in other media — this is unusually vital. (Edge 157)
More than that, BG&E creates a living world — not in the GTA sense but in how your actions interact with and change the place in ways that carry weight. Few adventure games take these kinds of risks when so much time has been put into crafting a world that's just so. Even fewer dare to swap the central mechanism of affecting change from the pistol to the polaroid. These risks make BG&E great, but they also create confusion. Hopefully, all that pre-production research for BG&E2 has sought to better communicate atypical directions rather than blunt them altogether. What does it mean for BG&E to be "more casual"? We'll see.
Michel Ancel followed BG&E with a muddy mishmash called Peter Jackson's King Kong and Raving Rabbids, which matched hysterical characters with one-dimensional gameplay. In the former, Ancel was charged with making some else's world interactive and in the latter he created characters without much of a world. In a lot of ways, then, coming back to BG&E feels like coming home to the place where so many of his strengths lie. After a few years of creative and monetary missteps, though, does Ancel still have it where it counts? If the fabulous trailer released today is any indication, he has indeed lovingly taken Jade & co to the next level. We want to believe.
Don't miss the BG&E2 trailer. We last wrote about BG&E in The Sounds of Great Game Places.
Hanoi's Hidden Graffiti
May 15, 2008	in Art/Design and Asia	7 Comments
Some have argued that the street art scene in Vietnam is lacking — consisting largely of half-drawn scrawls and stenciled phone numbers promising everything from backyard bike repair to the hair cut of your dreams (for example). But for those who luck into it, there's at least one place where all that changes.
Hidden in Hanoi's super narrow back alleys is a special spot that features some beautiful work, flanked by great street food, homes packed on top of one another, and a truly lovely art gallery. Have a look.
I don't know the artists (do you? drop a comment) and I make no claim they're all Vietnamese, but it is nice to see this level of artistic expression on the streets of a beautiful country that has suffered so much. One might imagine that the communist rulers would frown on this combination of lawbreaking and artistic expression, particularly in the capital city. My only thought there is that artists stick together and protect each other. Hence the proximity to Mai Gallery.
I'll have more on Mai's and the whole gallery scene in Hanoi soon (suffice to say the best galleries there rival Chelsea's). The city is booming in ways that it wasn't just 5 years ago (iPhones are everywhere, people seem happier) but there's a long way to go (the jobless rate remains high). Still, if the emerging art scene is anything to go by, Hanoi's future is bright indeed.
See more shots from my visit to Hanoi's graffiti row on flickr. Thanks to NYT for the pointer and to Jake for the conversation.
Update: Lunar, one of the artists involved, emailed more details on the project:
we were in hanoi in 2007 thanks to hope box project organized by dutch artist rienke enghardt. the artists who participated on the wall across mai gallery (there was works of hope box artists exhibited in it at the same time) were: angel (serbia), lunar (croatia), zorrox and few of his friends (hanoi), the london police (amsterdam) and def p (amsterdam). this is the wall with light yellow background starting with tigers and ending with london police lad characters. on the left site is unfinished piece by angel and me and i also spotted a piece from year earlier, i think it's a guy from germany who writes zooloo if i'm not mistaken.
See more of Lunar's work at lunar75.com
First Person Art
May 8, 2008	in Art/Design and Linked	2 Comments
This week had us gawking at art and photography that transports — to places magical, funny, troubling.
First Person Soccer – super visceral ad by Guy Ritchie (Mr. Madonna, Lock Stock) makes you the soccer star
First Person Parkour – graphically beautiful game puts you in the head (and in control) of a free running master (find out how it works at Edge)
First/Third Splitscreen – Radiohead goes activist with a video that thoughtfully compares a kid's life in the first and third world. Kudos to MTV Exit
Subway Culture Jam – mystery editing of NYC subway ads results in fall down hilarity
Massive Moving Wall – Beijing's GreenPix gets in your face with is a huge, gorgeous media wall that has zero carbon footprint
Where the Mekong Die – Suthep Kritsanavarin captures jaw dropping scenery and puts you in the shoes of fishermen along the Mekong in Thailand
Web 3.0: Social Software in the 3rd World
May 3, 2008	in Activism and Technology	4 Comments
What is Web 3.0? After the social software revolution ushered in by web 2.0's architectures of participation, we're all eager to think ahead to the next mind bending advance. But while many of the new web manifestos talk about the next step for web technology, the target market for those technologies is equally important. I believe the third generation web will be about finding ways to make social software relevant to those who have benefitted little from it to date: web 3.0 is social software in the 3rd world.
But here's the thing: the next social software revolution has already begun — spurred by the massive uptake of mobile phones in developing nations. 68% of mobile phone subscribers anywhere are in the developing world. In Africa, mobile subscribers have jumped from 10 million to 200 million in the last four years. The growth is stunning. And it's accelerating.
Why the explosive growth? One reason is sheer need. Africa has 12% of the world's population but only 2% of the global landline network. Building wired infrastructure is far more expensive than wireless alternatives. But that's just the beginning. The recent IBM Global Innovation Outlook put it this way:
African use of mobile phones has been far more innovative than in Europe, largely because meeting the specific needs of Africa requires innovation.
And the cellphone is empowering because it provides what Jan Chipchase calls a "fixed identity point," that is, for people displaced by war, floods, drought, or faltering economies, having a way to always be in touch is essential for both maintaining community and for doing business.
Economists say this will be huge. As a recent New York Times article put it, mobile communications enables the "just in time" business. In the 1930's, Toyota radically revamped how its supply chain worked. No longer did it stock parts, instead encouraging assembly plants to order from the factory only when parts were needed. The company became decentralized, incremental. Waste was reduced, efficiency increased, defects were corrected more quickly — and profits rose. Economists believe that the cellphone can enable this same kind of radical shift in developing nations, largely because they don't have the technological baggage we do.
When Indian fishermen got cellphones, they started calling around to prospective buyers before reaching shore. The ability to negotiate at a distance increased profits by 8% and reduced consumer costs by 4%.
SMS is used in Kenya to allow anonymous questions about culturally taboo subjects like AIDS, breast cancer, STDs and more. Answers come back quickly from health professionals at no charge.
A live-in housekeeper in China who was essentially an indentured servant got a cellphone and suddenly a whole new set of customers were able to reach her and book her services, allowing her to grow her business.
Of course difficult questions remain. How do you design for people who are illiterate, making $4 a day, and with no access to electricity? Design for the Other 90% provides important answers, repeatedly demonstrating that these challenges can be overcome when folks get creative — and at a profit, too. Paul Polak puts it this way:
Thinking of poor people as customers, instead of recipients of charity, radically changes the design process.
But here's the central point: little attention has been paid to the role social software can play. And that seems strange since these little connected devices are in so many pockets. It's a huge opportunity, especially since many of the approaches used in the west can't be applied, at least not directly. For instance:
In Cameroon, bankers complain of loan delinquency rates as high as 50 percent. But tontine payments are taken so seriously that borrowers faced with delinquency have been known to commit suicide. (nyt)
How, then, do you design to support informal economies in places where the formal economy isn't as important? What features can help communities that are widely dispersed by war maintain their bonds? What role can social software play in helping steward social change and stability? These are the big questions. And that's why there's no better place to test the true promise of social software than in the developing world. Confronting these challenges requires a radical rethink of what social software means. Web 3.0: social software in the 3rd world.
Jan Chipchase holds design studios in poor communities, asking participants to design their perfect phone — with all sorts of revealing results: a landmine detector, GPS to help orient prayers towards Mecca, the ability to monitor cheating boyfriends and husbands. But perhaps the most telling was just two words: "peace button."
While the idea of a button that instantly invokes peace might seem ridiculous, the power of mobile phones to affect social change is quite evident: be it energizing protests or spreading divisiveness.
If the third world is already doing amazing things with basic mobile functionality (texting, voice), imagine what they will do when the real dreamers of social software apply themselves in this new venue. I don't know what that future would look like but, with so much of Earth's population still unaccounted for in current designs, it's an opportunity that will be increasingly difficult to ignore.
images via ibm and nyt


Panasonic VW-CUA1 USB Adapter CableUSB Adapter Cable for select Panasonic digital camcorders. -Height 5.0 in. -Width 1.0 in -Depth 2.5 in. -Weight 1.0 lb.
Belkin Cat6 Networking Cable- blue Connect a computer to a router or modem for high-speed Internet connections.


text:
Act of the Commonwealth of Virginia, for regulating the militia; : together with the acts of the Congress of the United States, more effectually to provide for the national defence by establishing an uniform militia throughout the United States--and for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the union, suppress insurrections, and repel invasions
The work Act of the Commonwealth of Virginia, for regulating the militia; : together with the acts of the Congress of the United States, more effectually to provide for the national defence by establishing an uniform militia throughout the United States--and for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the union, suppress insurrections, and repel invasions represents a distinct intellectual or artistic creation found in University of Oklahoma Libraries. This resource is a combination of several types including: Work, Language Material, Books.
The Resource Act of the Commonwealth of Virginia, for regulating the militia; : together with the acts of the Congress of the United States, more effectually to provide for the national defence by establishing an uniform militia throughout the United States--and for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the union, suppress insurrections, and repel invasions
together with the acts of the Congress of the United States, more effectually to provide for the national defence by establishing an uniform militia throughout the United States--and for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the union, suppress insurrections, and repel invasions
United States, Continental Congress
Virginia, Militia -- Regulations
Militia law (1795)
Context of Act of the Commonwealth of Virginia, for regulating the militia; : together with the acts of the Congress of the United States, more effectually to provide for the national defence by establishing an uniform militia throughout the United States--and for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the union, suppress insurrections, and repel invasions
Act of the Commonwealth of Virginia, for regulating the militia; : together with the acts of the Congress of the United States, more effectually to provide for the national defence by establishing an uniform militia throughout the United States--and for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the union, suppress insurrections, and repel invasions, (electronic resource)

 Data from Act of the Commonwealth of Virginia, for regulating the militia; : together with the acts of the Congress of the United States, more effectually to provide for the national defence by establishing an uniform militia throughout the United States--and for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the union, suppress insurrections, and repel invasions - University of Oklahoma Libraries

Data Citation of the Work Act of the Commonwealth of Virginia, for regulating the militia; : together with the acts of the Congress of the United States, more effectually to provide for the national defence by establishing an uniform militia throughout the United States--and for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the union, suppress insurrections, and repel invasions
http://link.libraries.ou.edu/resource/sIBrF5J_mwY/
http://library.link/resource/sIBrF5J_mwY/

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
1 - 38 av 38
http://kth.diva-portal.org/smash/resultList.jsf?query=&language=sv&searchType=SIMPLE&noOfRows=50&sortOrder=author_sort_asc&sortOrder2=title_sort_asc&onlyFullText=false&sf=all&aq=%5B%5B%7B%22personId%22%3A%22authority-person%3A31998+OR+0000-0001-5069-3245%22%7D%5D%5D&aqe=%5B%5D&aq2=%5B%5B%5D%5D&af=%5B%5D
Cappel, Ute B.
KTH, Skolan för teknikvetenskap (SCI), Tillämpad fysik.
Liu, Peng
KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Materialvetenskap, Tillämpad materialfysik. KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), Centra, Molekylär elektronik, CMD.
Johansson, Fredrik O. L.
Uppsala Univ, Div Mol & Condensed Matter Phys, Dept Phys & Astron, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden..
Philippe, Bertrand
Giangrisostomi, Erika
Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin GmbH, Inst Methods & Instrumentat Synchrotron Radiat Re, Albert Einstein Str 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
Ovsyannikov, Ruslan
Lindblad, Andreas
KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), Centra, Molekylär elektronik, CMD.
Gardner, James M.
Rensmo, Hakan
Electronic Structure Characterization of Cross-Linked Sulfur Polymers2018Ingår i: ChemPhysChem, ISSN 1439-4235, E-ISSN 1439-7641, Vol. 19, nr 9, s. 1041-1047Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
Cross-linked polymers of elemental sulfur are of potential interest for electronic applications as they enable facile thin-film processing of an abundant and inexpensive starting material. Here, we characterize the electronic structure of a cross-linked sulfur/diisopropenyl benzene (DIB) polymer by a combination of soft and hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (SOXPES and HAXPES). Two different approaches for enhancing the conductivity of the polymer are compared: the addition of selenium in the polymer synthesis and the addition of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) during film preparation. For the former, we observe the incorporation of Se into the polymer structure resulting in a changed valence-band structure. For the latter, a Fermi level shift in agreement with p-type doping of the polymer is observed and also the formation of a surface layer consisting mostly of TFSI anions.
Chen, Cheng
KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), Kemi, Tillämpad fysikalisk kemi.
Cheng, Ming
KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), Kemi, Organisk kemi.
Gao, Jiajia
KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), Kemi, Organisk kemi. KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), Centra, Zhejiang-KTH Joint Research Center of Photonics, JORCEP.
Application of benzodithiophene based A-D-A structured materials in efficient perovskite solar cells and organic solar cells2016Ingår i: Nano Energy, ISSN 2211-2855, Vol. 23, s. 40-49Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
In this work, we have designed and synthesized a novel molecular material, BDT-C1, in which the core unit, benzodithiophene (BDT), was functionalized by thiophene (TP) and benzo-[c][1,2,5]-thiadiazole (BTZ) derivatives to generate extended pi-conjugation. BDT-C1 shows high hole mobility and high conductivity in its pristine form, in combination with appropriate energy level alignment with respect to [CH3NH3]PbI3 and PC70BM, qualifying the material as a good candidate for application both in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) as dopant-free hole transport material (HTM) and in OSCs as donor material. The champion PSCs based on BDT-C1 show an average conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.4% (scan forward: 13.9%; scan backward: PCE=12.9%, scan rate: 10 mV/s). Although the average efficiency obtained is slightly lower than that of reference devices based on the well-known doped HTM Spiro-OMeTAD (13.7%), the BDT-C1 based devices exhibit better stability. Moreover, BDT-C1 as a donor material in OSCs also shows good performance in combination with PC70BM as acceptor material, and an efficiency of 6.1% was obtained. The present results demonstrate that BDT-C1 works well as both donor material in OSCs as well as dopant-free HTMs for efficient PSCs.
3. Chen, Cheng
Cong, Jiayan
Zhang, Biaobiao
Chen, Hong
Li, Ruifeng
Safdari, Majid
Cu(II) Complexes as p-Type Dopants in Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells2017Ingår i: ACS ENERGY LETTERS, ISSN 2380-8195, Vol. 2, nr 2, s. 497-503Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
In this work, two Cu(II) complex compounds are designed and synthesized for applications as p-type dopants in solid-state perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Through the characterization of the optical and electrochemical properties, the complex Cu(bpcm)(2) is shown to be eligible for oxidization of the commonly used hole-transport material (HTM) SpiroOMeTAD. The reason is the electron-withdrawing effect of the chloride groups on the ligands. When the complex was applied as p-type dopant in PSCs containing Spiro-OMeTAD as HTM, an efficiency as high as 18.5% was achieved. This is the first time a Cu(II) pyridine complex has been used as p-type dopant in PSCs.
4. Chen, Song
Hua, Yong
Li, Yuanyuan
Wang, Xingzhu
Ong, Beng
Wong, Wai-Kwok
Zhu, Xunjin
Study of Arylamine-Substituted Porphyrins as Hole-Transporting Materials in High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells2017Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, ISSN 1944-8244, E-ISSN 1944-8252, Vol. 9, nr 15, s. 13231-13239Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
To develop new hole-transporting materials (HTMs) for efficient and stable perovskite solar. cells (PSCs), 5,10,15,20-tetrakis{4-[N,N-di(4-thethoxylphenyl)amino-phenyl]}-porphyrin was prepared in gram scale through the direct condensation of pyrrole and 4-[bis(4-methoxyphenyl)amino]-benzaldehyde. Its Zn(II) and Cu(II) complexes exhibit excellent thermal and electrochemical stability, specifically a high hole Mobility and very favorable energetics for hole extraction that render them a new class of HTMs in organometallic halide PSCs. As expected, ZnP as HTM in PSCs affords a competitive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.78%,which is comparable to that of the most powerful HTM of Spiro-MeOTAD (18.59%) under the same working conditions. Mean-While, the metal centers affect somewhat the photovoltaic performances that CuP as HTM produces a lower PCE of 15.36%. Notably, the PSCs employing ZnP show a much,better stability than Spiro-OMeTAD. Moreover, the two-porphyrin-based HTMs can be prepared from relatively cheap raw materials with a facile synthetic route. The results demonstrate that ZnP and CuP can be a new class of HTMs for efficient and stable PSCs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the best performance that porphyrin-based solar cells could show with PCE > 17%.
Aitola, Kerttu
Zhang, Fuguo
Sveinbjornsson, Kari
Boschloo, Gerrit
KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), Kemi, Organisk kemi. Dalian Univ Technol.
Acceptor Donor Acceptor type ionic molecule materials for efficient perovskite solar cells and organic solar cells2016Ingår i: NANO ENERGY, ISSN 2211-2855, Vol. 30, s. 387-397Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted significant interest and hole transporting materials (HTMs) play important roles in achieving high efficiency. Here, we report additive free ionic type HTMs that are based on 2-ethylhexyloxy substituted benzodithiophene (BDT) core unit. With the ionization of end-capping pyridine units, the hole mobility and conductivity of molecular materials are greatly improved. Applied in PSCs, ionic molecular material M7-TFSI exhibits the highest efficiency of 17.4% in the absence of additives [lithium bis(trifluor-omethanesulfonyl)imide and 4-tert-butylpyridine]. The high efficiency is attributed to a deep highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level, high hole mobility and high conductivity of M7-TFSI. Moreover, due to the higher hydrophobicity of M7-TFSI, the corresponding PSCs showed better stability than that of Spiro-OMeTAD based ones. In addition, the strong absorption and suitable energy levels of materials (M6, M7-13r and M7-TFSI) also qualify them as donor materials in organic solar cells (OSCs) and the devices containing M7-TFSI as donor material displayed an efficiency of 6.9%.
KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), Fiber- och polymerteknologi. KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), Centra, Wallenberg Wood Science Center.
Hajian, Alireza
Wang, Haoxin
State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Institute of Artificial Photosynthesis, DUT–KTH Joint Education and Research Centre on Molecular Devices, Dalian University of Technology (DUT), Dalian, China.
Li, Jiajia
Wang, Linqin
Yang, Xichuan
KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), Kemi, Organisk kemi. State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Institute of Artificial Photosynthesis, DUT–KTH Joint Education and Research Centre on Molecular Devices, Dalian University of Technology (DUT), Dalian, China.
A Perylenediimide Tetramer-Based 3D Electron Transport Material for Efficient Planar Perovskite Solar Cell2017Ingår i: Solar RRL, ISSN 2367-198X, Vol. 1, nr 5, artikel-id 1700046Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
A perylenediimide (PDI) tetramer-based three dimensional (3D) molecular material, termed SFX-PDI4, has been designed, synthesized, and characterized. The low-lying HOMO and LUMO energy levels, high electron mobility and good film-formation property make it a promising electron transport material (ETM) in inverted planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The device exhibits a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.3% with negligible hysteresis, which can rival that of device based on PC61BM. These results demonstrate that three dimensional PDI-based molecular materials could serve as high performance ETMs in PSCs.
KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Materialvetenskap, Tillämpad materialfysik. KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), Kemi, Tillämpad fysikalisk kemi. KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), Centra, Molekylär elektronik, CMD.
KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), Kemi, Tillämpad fysikalisk kemi. KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), Centra, Molekylär elektronik, CMD.
KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), Kemi.
Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells Based on a Solution Processable Nickel(II) Phthalocyanine and Vanadium Oxide Integrated Hole Transport Layer2017Ingår i: Advanced Energy Materials, ISSN 1614-6832, Vol. 7, nr 14, artikel-id 1602556Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
An organic-inorganic integrated hole transport layer (HTL) composed of the solution-processable nickel phthalocyanine (NiPc) abbreviated NiPc-(OBu)(8) and vanadium(V) oxide (V2O5) is successfully incorporated into structured mesoporous perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The optimized PSCs show the highest stabilized power conversion efficiency of up to 16.8% and good stability under dark ambient conditions. These results highlight the potential application of organic-inorganic integrated HTLs in PSCs.
KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), Kemi, Tillämpad fysikalisk kemi.
KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), Centra, Wallenberg Wood Science Center. KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), Kemiteknik.
Composite Hole-Transport Materials Based on a Metal-Organic Copper Complex and Spiro-OMeTAD for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells2018Ingår i: SOLAR RRL, ISSN 2367-198X, Vol. 2, nr 5, artikel-id UNSP 1700073Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
Spiro-OMeTAD has been the most commonly used hole-transport material in perovskite solar cells. However, this material shows intrinisic drawbacks, such as low hole mobility and conductivity in its pristine form, as well as self-aggregation when deposited as thin film. These are not beneficial properties for efficient hole transport and extraction. In order to address these issues, we have designed a new type of composite hole-transport materials based on a new metal-organic copper complex (CuH) and Spiro-OMeTAD. The incorporation of the molecularly bulky HTM CuH into the Spiro-OMeTAD material efficiently improves the hole mobility and suppresses the aggregation in the Spiro-OMeTAD film. As a result, the conversion efficiencies obtained for perovskite solar cells based on the composite HTM system reached as high as 18.83%, which is superior to solar cells based on the individual hole-transport materials CuH (15.75%) or Spiro-OMeTAD (14.47%) under the same working conditions. These results show that composite HTM systems may constitute an effective strategy to further improve the efficiency of perovskite solar cells.
KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), Kemi, Organisk kemi. KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), Centra, Molekylär elektronik, CMD.
Xu, Bo
High conductivity Ag-based metal organic complexes as dopant-free hole-transport materials for perovskite solar cells with high fill factors2016Ingår i: Chemical Science, ISSN 2041-6520, E-ISSN 2041-6539, Vol. 7, nr 4, s. 2633-2638Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
Hole-transport materials (HTMs) play an important role as hole scavenger materials in the most efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, for the first time, two Ag-based metal organic complexes (HA1 and HA2) are employed as a new class of dopant-free hole-transport material for application in PSCs. These HTMs show excellent conductivity and hole-transport mobility. Consequently, the devices based on these two HTMs exhibit unusually high fill factors of 0.76 for HA1 and 0.78 for HA2, which are significantly higher than that obtained using spiro-OMeTAD (0.69). The cell based on HA1-HTM in its pristine form achieved a high power conversion efficiency of 11.98% under air conditions, which is comparable to the PCE of the cell employing the well-known doped spiro-MeOTAD (12.27%) under the same conditions. More importantly, their facile synthesis and purification without using column chromatography makes these new silver-based HTMs highly promising for future commercial applications of PSCs. These results provide a new way to develop more low-cost and high conductivity metal-complex based HTMs for efficient PSCs.
Zhang, J.
Johansson, E. M. J.
Sveinbjörnsson, K.
Aitola, K.
Boschloo, G.
KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), Kemi, Organisk kemi. KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), Centra, Molekylär elektronik, CMD. Dalian University of Technology (DUT), China.
Facile synthesis of fluorene-based hole transport materials for highly efficient perovskite solar cells and solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells2016Ingår i: Nano Energy, ISSN 2211-2855, Vol. 26, s. 108-113Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
Two novel low-cost fluorene-based hole transport materials (HTMs) HT1 and HT2 as alternatives to the expensive HTM Spiro-OMeTAD have been designed and synthesized for the application in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell (ssDSCs). The two HTMs were prepared through a facile two-step reaction from cheap starting material and with a total yield higher than 90%. These HTMs exhibit good solubility and charge-transport ability. PSCs based on HT2 achieved power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.04% under air conditions, which is comparable to that of the cell employing the commonly used Spiro-OMeTAD (18.27%), while HT1-based cell showed a slightly worse performance with a PCE of 17.18%. For ssDSCs, the HT2-based device yielded a PCE of 6.35%, which is also comparable to that of a cell fabricated based on Spiro-OMeTAD (6.36%). We found that the larger dimensional structure and molecular weight of HT2 enable better photovoltaic performance than that of the smaller one HT1. These results show that easily synthesized fluorene-based HTMs have great potential to replace the expensive Spiro-OMeTAD for both PSCs and ssDSCs.
Jiang, Xue
KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Materialvetenskap, Tillämpad materialfysik.
Arhammar, Cecilia
Zhao, Jijun
Ahuja, Rajeev
The R3-carbon allotrope: a pathway towards glassy carbon under high pressure2013Ingår i: Scientific Reports, ISSN 2045-2322, E-ISSN 2045-2322, Vol. 3, s. 1877- Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
Pressure-induced bond type switching and phase transformation in glassy carbon (GC) has been simulated by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations and the Stochastic Quenching method (SQ) in a wide range of pressures (0-79 GPa). Under pressure, the GC experiences a hardening transition from sp-and sp(2)-type to sp(3)-type bonding, in agreement with previous experimental results. Moreover, a new crystalline carbon allotrope possessing R3 symmetry (R3-carbon) is predicted using the stochastic SQ method. The results indicate that R3-carbon can be regarded as an allotrope similar to that of amorphous GC. Avery small difference in the heat of formation and the coherence of the radial and angular distribution functions of GC and the R3-carbon structure imply that small perturbations to this crystalline carbon allotrope may provide another possible amorphization pathway of carbon besides that of quenching the liquid melt or gas by ultra-fast cooling.
Leandri, Valentina
Sadollahkhani, Azar
Excited-State Dynamics of [Ru(bpy)(3)](2+) Thin Films on Sensitized TiO2 and ZrO22019Ingår i: ChemPhysChem, ISSN 1439-4235, E-ISSN 1439-7641, Vol. 20, nr 4, s. 618-626Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
The excited state dynamics of Tris(2,2 '-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) hexafluorophosphate, [Ru(bpy)(3)(PF6)(2)], was investigated on the surface of bare and sensitized TiO2 and ZrO2 films. The organic dyes LEG4 and MKA253 were selected as sensitizers. A Stern-Volmer plot of LEG4-sensitized TiO2 substrates with a spin-coated [Ru(bpy)(3)(PF6)(2)] layer on top shows considerable quenching of the emission of the latter. Interestingly, time-resolved emission spectroscopy reveals the presence of a fast-decay time component (25 +/- 5 ns), which is absent when the anatase TiO2 semiconductor is replaced by ZrO2. It should be specified that the positive redox potential of the ruthenium complex prevents electron transfer from the [Ru(bpy)(3)(PF6)(2)] ground state into the oxidized sensitizer. Therefore, we speculate that the fast-decay time component observed stems from excited-state electron transfer from [Ru(bpy)(3)(PF6)(2)] to the oxidized sensitizer. Solid-state dye sensitized solar cells (ssDSSCs) employing MKA253 and LEG4 dyes, with [Ru(bpy)(3)(PF6)(2)] as a hole-transporting material (HTM), exhibit 1.2 % and 1.1 % power conversion efficiency, respectively. This result illustrates the possibility of the hypothesized excited-state electron transfer.
13. Li, Xing
Hu, Yue
Hua, Jianli
Tian, He
Molecular engineering of D-A-pi-A sensitizers for highly efficient solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells2017Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A, ISSN 2050-7488, Vol. 5, nr 7, s. 3157-3166Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
Two newquinoxaline-based D-A-pi-A organic sensitizers AQ309 and AQ310 have been designed and synthesized employing 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) and cyclopentadithiophene (CPDT) as plinker units, respectively. The new AQ309 and AQ310 dyes have been applied in all-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (ssDSSCs). An impressive record photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.0% for AQ310-based ssDSSCs using Spiro-OMeTAD as the hole transport material (HTM) was obtained under standard AM 1.5 (100 mW cm (2)) solar intensity. This clearly outperforms the PCE of the state-of-theart organic D-pi-A dye LEG4-based devices showing a PCE of 7.3% under the same conditions. Moreover, an excellent high PCE of 8.6% was also recorded for AQ310-based devices under 50% solar intensity. Meanwhile, the AQ310-based ssDSSCs showed a much longer electron lifetime according to the transient photovoltage decay measurement, demonstrating lower charge recombination losses in the devices. Photo-induced absorption spectroscopy (PIA) indicated that AQ310 could be more efficiently regenerated by Spiro-OMeTAD. These results show that molecular engineering is a promising strategy to develop D-A-pi-A organic sensitizers for highly efficient ssDSSCs.
De Sarkar, Abir
Shear strain induced indirect to direct transition in band gap in AlN monolayer nanosheet2014Ingår i: Computational materials science, ISSN 0927-0256, E-ISSN 1879-0801, Vol. 86, s. 206-210Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
The electronic band structure of aluminum nitride (AlN) nanosheets under different kinds of strains has been investigated. Our first principles based studies show that the homogeneous biaxial strain is most effective as compared to uniaxial and shear strain in tuning the band gap. Large shear strain (>= 7.5%) and 10% uniaxial strain along the zig-zag direction induces an indirect-to-direct transition in band gap. The response of these 2 dimensional AlN nanosheets to strain is different from that of its 3 dimensional bulk phase counterparts to pressure. Quantum confinement effects govern the behavior of the former. The dynamical stability of AlN nanosheets have also been assessed under different modes of strains through phonon dispersion calculations. The AlN nanosheets are found to be dynamically stable under tensile strain and shear strain along zig-zag directions, while the sheets are found to be unstable under compressive strain.
Gardner, James
Solution processable, cross-linked sulfur polymers as solid electrolytes in dye-sensitized solar cells2015Ingår i: Chemical Communications, ISSN 1359-7345, E-ISSN 1364-548X, Vol. 51, nr 78, s. 14660-14662Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
Inverse-vulcanized polymeric sulfur has been prepared and utilized for solid-state dye sensitized solar cells. A power conversion efficiency of 1.5% was recorded with a short-circuit current of 4.1 mA cm-2 and an open-circuit voltage of 0.75 V under standard AM 1.5G illumination (1000 W m-2). The results in the present study qualify the new polymeric sulfur material as a future candidate as low-cost, hole-transport material for solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells.
Nisar, J.
Pathak, B.
Hybrid density functional study on SrTiO 3 for visible light photocatalysis2012Ingår i: International journal of hydrogen energy, ISSN 0360-3199, E-ISSN 1879-3487, Vol. 37, nr 16, s. 11611-11617Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
Hybrid Density Functional calculations have been performed on the electronic structure of anionic mono- (S, N, P, and C) and co-doped (N-N, N-P, N-S, P-P) SrTiO 3 to improve their visible light photocatalytic activity. The electronic band position of doped system has been aligned with respect to the water oxidation/reduction potential. The electronic band position and optical absorption study shows that the mono- (S) and co-doped (N-N, N-P and P-P) SrTiO 3 systems are promising materials for the visible-light photocatalysis. The calculated binding energies show that the co-doped systems are more stable than their respective mono-doped systems.
Nisar, Jawad
Pathak, Biswarup
Layered Perovskite Sr2Ta2O7 for Visible Light Photocatalysis: A First Principles Study2013Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, ISSN 1932-7447, E-ISSN 1932-7455, Vol. 117, nr 10, s. 5043-5050Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
The layered perovskite Sr2Ta2O7 has been investigated for efficient visible light photocatalysis using the first principles study. The electronic structure of Sr2Ta2O7 is tuned by the anionic (N)/cationic (Mo, W) mono- and co-doping. Such doping creates impurity states in the band gap and therefore reduces the band gap significantly. The absolute band edge position of the doped Sr2Ta2O7 with respect to the water oxidation/reduction potential depends a lot on the p/d-orbital's energies of anionic/cationic dopants, respectively. The stability of the co-doped system is governed by the Coulomb interactions and charge compensation effects.
Cationic-anionic mediated charge compensation on La2Ti2O7 for visible light photocatalysis2013Ingår i: Physical Chemistry, Chemical Physics - PCCP, ISSN 1463-9076, E-ISSN 1463-9084, Vol. 15, nr 40, s. 17150-17157Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
The cationic-anionic mediated charge compensation effect was studied in the layered perovskite La2Ti2O7 for the visible light photocatalysis. Our screened hybrid density functional study shows that the electronic structure of La2Ti2O7 can be tuned by the cationic (V, Nb, Ta)/anionic (N) mono-and co-doping. Such mono-doping creates impurity states in the band gap which helps the electron-hole recombination. But if the charge compensation is made by the cationic-anionic mediated co-doping then such impurity states can be removed and can be a promising strategy for visible light photocatalysis. The absolute band edge position of the doped La2Ti2O7 has been aligned with respect to the water oxidation/reduction potential. The calculated defect formation energy shows the stability of the co-doping system is improved due to the coulomb interactions and charge compensations effect.
Sa, Baisheng
Anion-Anion Mediated Coupling in Layered Perovskite La2Ti2O7 for Visible Light Photocatalysis2013Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, ISSN 1932-7447, E-ISSN 1932-7455, Vol. 117, nr 27, s. 13845-13852Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
Anionic-anionic (N-N, P-P, N-P, and C-S) mediated coupling can be introduced in the layered perovskite La2Ti2O7 structure for visible light photocatalysis. The anionic-anionic codoped La2Ti2O7 systems lower the band gap much more than their respective monodoping systems. Moreover, the electronic band positions of the doped systems with respect to the water oxidation/reduction potentials show that codoped (N-N, N-P, and C-S) systems are more promising candidates for visible-light photocatalysis. The calculated defect formation energy shows that the codoped systems are more stable than their respective monodoped systems.
KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), Centra, Molekylär elektronik, CMD. KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), Kemi, Tillämpad fysikalisk kemi.
KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), Kemi, Organisk kemi. KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), Centra, Molekylär elektronik, CMD.
Karlsson, Karl Martin
Hao, Yan
Uppsala Univ, Dept Chem, Angstrom Lab, Box 523, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden..
KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH). KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), Centra, Molekylär elektronik, CMD.
KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), Centra, Molekylär elektronik, CMD. KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), Kemi.
Molecular Engineering of D-pi-A Type of Blue-Colored Dyes for Highly Efficient Solid-State Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells through Co-Sensitization2018Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, ISSN 1944-8244, E-ISSN 1944-8252, Vol. 10, nr 42, s. 35946-35952Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
A novel blue-colored organic donor-pi-acceptor sensitizer, the so-called MKA16 dye, has been employed to construct solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (ssDSSCs). Using 2,2',7-,7'-tetrakis(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenyl-amine) 9,9'-spirobifuorene (Spiro-OMeTAD) as hole-transport material, a good conversion efficiency of 5.8% was recorded for cells based on the MKA16 dye and a high photovoltage of 840 mV in comparison with 5.6% efficiency using the known (Dyenamo Blue) dye. By co-sensitization using the orange-colored D35 dye and MKA16 together, the solid-state solar cells showed an excellent efficiency of 7.5%, with a high photocurrent of 12.41 mA cm(-2) and open-circuit voltage of 850 mV. The results show that the photocurrent of ssDSSCs can be significantly improved by co-sensitization mainly attributed to the wider light absorption range contributing to the photocurrent. In addition, results from photo-induced absorption spectroscopy show that the dye regeneration is efficient in co-sensitized solar cells. The current results possible routes of improving the design of aesthetic and highly efficient ssDSSCs.
Kloo, Lars A.
Design, synthesis and application of a π-conjugated, non-spiro molecular alternative as hole-transport material for highly efficient dye-sensitized solar cells and perovskite solar cells2017Ingår i: Journal of Power Sources, ISSN 0378-7753, E-ISSN 1873-2755, Vol. 344, s. 11-14Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
Two low-cost, easily synthesized π-conjugated molecules have been applied as hole-transport materials (HTMs) for solid state dye-sensitized solar cells (ssDSSCs) and perovskite solar cells (PSCs). For X1-based devices, high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 5.8% and 14.4% in ssDSSCs and PSCs has been demonstrated. For X14-based devices, PCEs were improved to 6.1% and 16.4% in ssDSCs and PSCs, respectively.
Zhang, Jinbao
The combination of a new organic D-pi-A dye with different organic hole-transport materials for efficient solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells2015Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A, ISSN 2050-7488, Vol. 3, nr 8, s. 4420-4427Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
A new organic donor-pi-acceptor sensitizer MKA253 has been applied for highly efficient solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (ssDSSCs). Using 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis(N,N-di-pi-methoxyphenyl-amine) 9,9'-spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD) as the hole transport material (HTM), an excellent power conversion efficiency of 6.1% was recorded together with a high short-circuit current of 12.4 mA cm(-2) under standard AM 1.5G illumination (100 mW cm(-2)). Different combinations of dyes and HTMs have also been investigated in the ssDSSC device. The results showed that small molecule HTM based devices suffer from comparably high electron recombination losses, thus causing low open-circuit voltage. In addition, photo-induced absorption (PIA) spectroscopy showed that the small-molecule HTMs lead to more efficient dye regeneration in comparison with Spiro-OMeTAD, despite a lower thermodynamic driving force. The results of this study also show that optimized energy levels for the dye-HTMs could be a vital factor for highly efficient ssDSSCs.
Phuyal, Dibya
Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Solid State Phys, Angstrom Lab, Box 516, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden..
Pazoki, Meysam
Uppsala Univ, Dept Engn Sci, Solid State Phys, Angstrom Lab, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden..
Kyashnina, Kristina O.
ESRF, Rossendorf Beamline, CS40220, F-38043 Grenoble 9, France.;HZDR, Inst Resource Ecol, POB 510119, D-01314 Dresden, Germany..
Karis, Olof
Butorin, Sergei M.
Edvinsson, Tomas
Electronic Structure of Two-Dimensional Lead(II) Iodide Perovskites: An Experimental and Theoretical Study2018Ingår i: Chemistry of Materials, ISSN 0897-4756, E-ISSN 1520-5002, Vol. 30, nr 15, s. 4959-4967Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
Layered two-dimensional (2D) hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOP) are promising materials for light-harvesting applications because of their chemical stability, wide flexibility in composition and dimensionality, and increases in photovoltaic power conversion efficiencies. Three 2D lead iodide perovskites were studied through various X-ray spectroscopic techniques to derive detailed electronic structures and band energetics profiles at a titania interface. Core-level and valence band photoelectron spectra of HOP were analyzed to resolve the electronic structure changes due to the reduced dimensionality of inorganic layers. The results show orbital narrowing when comparing the HOP, the layered precursor PbI2, and the conventional 3D (CH3NH3)PbI3 such that different localizations of band edge states and narrow band states are unambiguously due to the decrease in dimensionality of the layered HOPs. Support from density functional theory calculations provide further details on the interaction and band gap variations of the electronic structure. We observed an interlayer distance dependent dispersion in the near band edge electronic states. The results show how tuning the interlayer distance between the inorganic layers affects the electronic properties and provides important design principles for control of the interlayer charge transport properties, such as the change in effective charge masses as a function of the organic cation length. The results of these findings can be used to tune layered materials for optimal functionality and new applications.
Energetic Barriers to Interfacial Charge Transfer and Ion Movement in Perovskite Solar Cells2017Ingår i: ChemPhysChem, ISSN 1439-4235, E-ISSN 1439-7641, Vol. 18, nr 21, s. 3047-3055Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
Highly efficient perovskite solar cells have been characterized by current-density/voltage measurements in the dark at varied scan rates. The results were compared to the solar cells without a hole-transporting layer to investigate the role of ultrathin hole-transporting layers in solar-cell function. The parameters of internal voltage, diode ideality factor, capacitive current, and capacitance were calculated from the current-density/voltage response of the cells in the dark. The results show that the absence of the hole-transporting layer can cause a large recombination current within the depletion region at the gold contact/perovskite interface, and thus affects the cell performance.
Liu, Ping
Kvashnina, Kristina O.
Rensmo, Håkan
Electronic structure of 2D Lead (II) Iodide Perovskites: An Experimental and Theoretical StudyManuskript (preprint) (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Sharmoukh, Walid
KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), Kemi, Organisk kemi. Natl Res Ctr, Inorgan Chem Dept, Tahrir St, Giza 12622, Egypt.
Quentin, Daniel
Molecular Engineering of D-D-pi-A-Based Organic Sensitizers for Enhanced Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Performance2018Ingår i: ACS OMEGA, ISSN 2470-1343, Vol. 3, nr 4, s. 3819-3829Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
A series of molecularly engineered and novel dyes WS1, WS2, WS3, and WS4, based on the D35 donor, 1-(4-hexylphenyl)-2,5-di(thiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrole and 4-(4-hexylphenyl)-4H-dithieno[3,2-b: 2', 3'-d] pyrrole as pi-conjugating linkers, were synthesized and compared to the well-known LEG4 dye. The performance of the dyes was investigated in combination with an electrolyte based on Co(II/III) complexes as redox shuttles. The electron recombination between the redox mediators in the electrolyte and the TiO2 interface decreases upon the introduction of 4-hexylybenzene entities on the 2,5-di(thiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrole and 4H-dithieno[3,2-b: 2', 3'-d] pyrrole linker units, probably because of steric hindrance. The open circuit photovoltage of WS1-, WS2-, WS3-, and WS4-based devices in combination with the Co(II/III)-based electrolyte are consistently higher than those based on a I-/I-3(-) electrolyte by 105, 147, 167, and 75 mV, respectively. The WS3-based devices show the highest power conversion efficiency of 7.4% at AM 1.5 G 100 mW/cm(2) illumination mainly attributable to the high open-circuit voltage (V-OC).
Sheibani, Esmaeil
KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), Kemi, Organisk kemi. Univ Isfahan, Iran.
Zhang, Lei
Mijangos, Edgar
Hammarstrom, Leif
KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), Kemi, Organisk kemi. Uppsala University, Sweden.
A study of oligothiophene-acceptor dyes in p-type dye-sensitized solar cells2016Ingår i: RSC Advances, ISSN 2046-2069, E-ISSN 2046-2069, Vol. 6, nr 22, s. 18165-18177Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
Two new dyes, E1 and E2, equipped with triphenylamine as the electron donor, oligothiophene as the linker and different electron acceptor groups, have been designed and synthesized as photosensitizers for p-type dye-sensitized solar cells (p-DSCs). A systematic study of the effect of molecular structures on the observed photophysical properties, the electron/hole recombination process, the overall performance and the interfacial charge separation was carried out. Transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS) shows that the E1 dye with a napthoilene-1,2-benzimidazole (NBI) unit as the acceptor has a longer lifetime in the reduced state than the E2 dye with a malononitrile subunit on the NiO surface.
28. Shen, Z.
KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Elektroteknisk teori och konstruktion.
Hu, Y.
Ding, H.
Hua, J.
KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), Kemi. Dalian University of Technology (DUT), Dalian, China.
Tian, H.
High performance solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells based on organic blue-colored dyes2017Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A, ISSN 2050-7488, Vol. 5, nr 3, s. 1242-1247Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
The development of novel photosensitizers with very high molar extinction coefficients and broad absorption spectra to enhance the light harvesting efficiency providing high PCEs for solid state dye sensitized solar cells (sDSCs) is a main target for improvement. In this work, two novel organic blue-colored dyes termed S4 and S5 with indeno[1,2-b]thiophene functionalized triphenylamine as the donor, 2,3-diphenylpyrido[3,4-b]pyrazine (PP) or 2,3-diphenylquinoxaline (QT) as the auxiliary acceptor and cyclopentadithiophene (CPDT) as the π-linker were designed and synthesized for sDSCs. S5 containing the QT unit as the electron-withdrawing group exhibits a high molar extinction coefficient of 6.3 × 104 M-1 cm-1 at 600 nm. Most importantly, the S5-based sDSCs shows record PCEs of 7.81% and 8.25% under one sun and 0.5 sun light intensities, respectively, exceeding the PCE of LEG4-based solar cells (7.34%). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case where an organic blue-colored dye displays a PCE over 7.8% in sDSCs, thus representing record efficiencies for sDSCs. These results clearly show that molecular engineering is a viable way to develop blue-colored dyes with high molar extinction coefficients for use in highly efficient sDSCs. Also, blue-colored dyes open up co-sensitization strategies in combination with traditional organic dyes with yellow-red colours.
KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), Kemi, Organisk kemi.
Guo, Yu
KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), Fiber- och polymerteknologi. KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), Centra, Wallenberg Wood Science Center.
KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), Kemi, Organisk kemi. Dalian Univ Technol, State Key Lab Fine Chem, Inst Artificial Photosynth, DUT KTH Joint Educ & Res Ctr Mol Devices, Dalian 116024, Peoples R China.
Impact of Linking Topology on the Properties of Carbazole-Based Hole-Transport Materials and their Application in Solid-State Mesoscopic Solar Cells2019Ingår i: SOLAR RRL, ISSN 2367-198X, artikel-id 1900196Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
Carbazole is a promising core for the molecular design of hole-transport materials (HTMs) for solid-state mesoscopic solar cells (ssMSCs), such as solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (ssDSSCs) and perovskite solar cells (PSCs) due to its low cost and excellent optoelectronic properties of its derivatives. Although carbazole-based HTMs are intensely investigated in ssMSCs and promising device performance is demonstrated, the fundamental understanding of the impact of linking topology on the properties of carbazole-based HTMs is lacking. Herein, the effect of the linking topology on the optical and electronic properties of a series of carbazole-based HTMs with 2,7-substitution and 3,6-substitution is systematically investigated. The results demonstrate that the 2,7-substituted carbazole-based HTMs display higher hole mobility and conductivity among this series of analogous molecules, thereby exhibiting better device performance. In addition, the conductivity of the HTMs is improved after light treatment, which explains the commonly observed light-soaking phenomenon of ssMSCs in general. All these carbazole-based HTMs are successfully applied in ssMSCs and one of the HTMs X50-based devices yield a promising efficiency of 6.8% and 19.2% in ssDSSCs and PSCs, respectively. This study provides guidance for the molecular design of effective carbazole-based HTMs for high-performance ssMSCs and related electronic devices.
Monash Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 22 Alliance Lane, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia..
Uppsala Univ, Dept Chem, Angstrom Lab, Box 523, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden..
Inge, A. Ken
Stockholm Univ, Dept Mat & Environm Chem MMK, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), Centra, Wallenberg Wood Science Center. KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), Fiber- och polymerteknologi.
Dalian Univ Technol, Inst Artificial Photosynth, DUT KTH Joint Educ & Res Ctr Mol Devices, State Key Lab Fine Chem, Dalian 116024, Peoples R China..
Cheng, Yi-Bing
KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), Centra, Molekylär elektronik, CMD. KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), Kemi, Organisk kemi. Dalian Univ Technol, Inst Artificial Photosynth, DUT, State Key Lab Fine Chem, Dalian 116024, Peoples R China..
Design and synthesis of dopant-free organic hole-transport materials for perovskite solar cells2018Ingår i: Chemical Communications, ISSN 1359-7345, E-ISSN 1364-548X, Vol. 54, nr 69Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
Two novel dopant-free hole-transport materials (HTMs) with spiro[dibenzo[c,h]xanthene-7,9-fluorene] (SDBXF) skeletons were prepared via facile synthesis routes. A power conversion efficiency of 15.9% in perovskite solar cells is attained by using one HTM without dopants, which is much higher than undoped Spiro-OMeTAD-based devices (10.8%). The crystal structures of both new HTMs were systematically investigated to reveal the reasons behind such differences in performance and to indicate the design principles of more advanced HTMs.
Bi, Dongqin
Graetzel, Michael
A low-cost spiro[fluorene-9,9 '-xanthene]-based hole transport material for highly efficient solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells and perovskite solar cells2016Ingår i: Energy & Environmental Science, ISSN 1754-5692, E-ISSN 1754-5706, Vol. 9, nr 3, s. 873-877Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
A low-cost spiro[fluorene-9,9'-xanthene] (SFX) based organic hole transport material (HTM) termed X60 was designed and synthesized using a two-step synthetic route. Devices with X60 as HTM showed high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) amounting to 7.30% in solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (ssDSCs) and 19.84% in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), under 100 mW cm(-2) AM1.5G solar illumination. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of an easily synthesized spiro-structured HTM that shows comparable performance with respect to the well-known HTM Spiro-OMeTAD in both ssDSCs and PSCs. Furthermore, the facile synthesis of X60 from commercially available starting materials makes this HTM very promising for large-scale industrial production in the future.
KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), Kemi, Organisk kemi. KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), Centra, Molekylär elektronik, CMD. Uppsala University, Sweden.
KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), Kemi, Organisk kemi. KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), Centra, Molekylär elektronik, CMD. Dalian University of Technology (DUT)Dalian, China .
Carbazole-Based Hole-Transport Materials for Efficient Solid-State Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells and Perovskite Solar Cells2014Ingår i: Advanced Materials, ISSN 0935-9648, E-ISSN 1521-4095, Vol. 26, nr 38, s. 6629-6634Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
(Graph Presented) Two carbazole-based small molecule hole-transport materials (HTMs) are synthesized and investigated in solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (ssDSCs) and perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The HTM X51-based devices exhibit high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 6.0% and 9.8% in ssDSCs and PSCs, respectively. These results are superior or comparable to those of 5.5% and 10.2%, respectively, obtained for the analogous cells using the state-of-the-art HTM Spiro-OMeTAD.
33. Xu, Peng
Xu, B.
Hua, Y.
D-A-D-Typed Hole Transport Materials for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells: Tuning Photovoltaic Properties via the Acceptor Group2018Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, ISSN 1944-8244, E-ISSN 1944-8252, Vol. 10, nr 23, s. 19697-19703Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
Two D-A-D-structured hole-transport materials (YN1 and YN2) have been synthesized and used in perovskite solar cells. The two HTMs have low-lying HOMO levels and impressive mobility. Perovskite-based solar cells (PSCs) fabricated with YN2 showed a power conversion efficiency (PCE) value of 19.27% in ambient air, which is significantly higher than that of Spiro-OMeTAD (17.80%). PSCs based on YN1 showed an inferior PCE of 16.03%. We found that the incorporation of the stronger electron-withdrawing group in the HTM YN2 improves the PCE of PSCs. Furthermore, the YN2-based PSCs exhibit good long-term stability retaining 91.3% of its initial efficiency, whereas PSCs based on Spiro-OMeTAD retained only 42.2% after 1000 h lifetime (dark conditions). These promising results can provide a new strategy for the design of D-A-D HTMs for PSC applications in future.
34. Yu, Y.
Li, X.
Shen, Z.
Zhang, X.
Gao, Y.
Jiang, T.
Restrain recombination by spraying pyrolysis TiO2 on NiO film for quinoxaline-based p-type dye-sensitized solar cells2017Ingår i: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, ISSN 0021-9797, E-ISSN 1095-7103, Vol. 490, s. 380-390Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
In this work, we reported two new quinoxaline-based sensitizers (BQI and BQII) for p-type dye-sensitized solar cells (p-DSSCs) featuring carboxylic acid and pyridine as anchoring groups, respectively, in combination with triphenylamine donor. The optical, electrochemical and photovoltaic properties of BQI and BQII were investigated. Results showed that BQI-based p-DSSC with carboxylic acid anchoring group obtained higher photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of 0.140%. To further optimize the device performance, we added a layer of TiO2 on the surface of NiO film as a barrier layer, which contributed to the improvement of the photocurrent density from 3.00 to 3.84 mA cm−2. The p-DSSCs based on BQI reached the PCE of 0.20% at an irradiance of 100 mW cm−2 simulated AM1.5 sunlight. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis indicated that the hole recombination resistance of p-DSSCs with TiO2 barrier layer was larger than that of the naked NiO film. Meanwhile, the surface profile of TiO2 on NiO film was verified by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the time of flight-secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS).
35. Zhang, J.
Yang, L.
Johansson, M. B.
Vlachopoulos, N.
Hagfeldt, A.
The Role of 3D Molecular Structural Control in New Hole Transport Materials Outperforming Spiro-OMeTAD in Perovskite Solar Cells2016Ingår i: Advanced Energy Materials, ISSN 1614-6832, Vol. 6, nr 19, artikel-id 1601062Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
36. Zhang, Jinbao
Johansson, Malin B.
Hadadian, Mahboubeh
Baena, Juan Pablo Correa
Johansson, Erik M. J.
Constructive Effects of Alkyl Chains: A Strategy to Design Simple and Non-Spiro Hole Transporting Materials for High-Efficiency Mixed-Ion Perovskite Solar Cells2016Ingår i: ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS, ISSN 1614-6832, Vol. 6, nr 13, artikel-id 1502536Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), Kemi, Organisk kemi. Dalian Univ Technol DUT, DUT KTH Joint Res Ctr Mol Devices, State Key Lab Fine Chem, Dalian 116024, Peoples R China..
The Central Role of Ligand Conjugation for Properties of Coordination Complexes as Hole-Transport Materials in Perovskite Solar Cells2019Ingår i: ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS, ISSN 2574-0962, Vol. 2, nr 9, s. 6768-6779Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
Two zinc-based coordination complexes Y3 and Y4 have been synthesized and characterized, and their performance as hole-transport materials (HTMs) for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has been investigated. The complex Y3 contains two separate ligands, and the molecular structure can be seen as a disconnected porphyrin ring. On the other hand, Y4 consists of a porphyrin core and therefore is a more extended conjugated system as compared to Y3. The optical and redox properties of the two different molecular complexes are comparable. However, the hole mobility and conductivity of Y4 as macroscopic material are remarkably higher than that of Y3. Furthermore, when employed as hole-transport materials in perovskite solar cells, cells containing Y4 show a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 16.05%, comparable to the Spiro-OMeTAD-based solar cells with an efficiency around 17.08%. In contrast, solar cells based on Y3 show a negligible efficiency of about 0.01%. The difference in performance of Y3 and Y4 is analyzed and can be attributed to the difference in packing of the nonplanar and planar building blocks in the corresponding materials.
Investigation of Triphenylamine (TPA)-Based Metal Complexes and Their Application in Perovskite Solar Cells2017Ingår i: ACS OMEGA, ISSN 2470-1343, Vol. 2, nr 12, s. 9231-9240Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
Triphenylamine-based metal complexes were designed and synthesized via coordination to Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) using their respective acetate salts as the starting materials. The resulting metal complexes exhibit more negative energy levels (vs vacuum) as compared to 2,2', 7,7'-tetrakis(N, N-di-p-methoxyphenylamine)-9,9'-spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD), high hole extraction efficiency, but low hole mobilities and conductivities. Application of dopants typically used for Spiro-OMeTAD was not successful, indicating a more complicated mechanism of partial oxidation besides the redox potential. However, utilization as hole-transport material was successful, giving a highest efficiency of 11.1% under AM 1.5G solar illumination.


Paul Wheaton and Steve Heckeroth talk about Steve's kickstarter campaign to help farmers get electric tractors for bulk prices. (Unfortunately, however, since this podcast was made, they've discovered you can't sell items costing more than $10,000 on kickstarter). Steve talks about the different types of electric tractors that are available. Steve talks about keeping draft horses. Paul talks about using pigs to seal a pond. They talk about animal compaction. Steve shares about learning to tinker with electric vehicles. Steve talks about good battery maintenance. Steve talks about good battery charging schedules. Steve talks about AGM batteries. Steve would recommend a generator or auxilary engine for times of greater usage. Steve will start a thread on track tractors.


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Mithun Chakraborty says Nadav Lapid has 'got the answer' as The Kashmir Files becomes eligible for Oscar nom…!
Ranweer Kumar
Mithun Chakraborty reacts to criticism on The Kashmir Files and said the film's entry to the eligible film list for the Oscars is the answer to those who called his film 'vulgar' and a 'propaganda' film. The Kashmir Files is directed by Vivek Agnihotri.
Actor Mithun Chakraborty broke his silence on criticism revolving around The Kashmir Files. For the first time, he addressed the people calling his film, 'vulgar' and a 'propaganda' movie previously. This remark comes after the film made it to the list of 301 eligible films for the Oscars. The Kashmir Files is directed by Vivek Agnihotri.
The Kashmir Files has been a matter of debate ever since its release last year. It revolves around the alleged exodus of Kashmiri pandits in the Valley. It stars Mithun Chakraborty, Anupam Kher, Pallavi Joshi and Darshan Kumaar. At the 53rd International Film Festival of India in Goa, jury Nadav Lapid called the film 'vulgar' and a 'propaganda' film, which sparked a controversy. The film's team currently awaits the final list of nominations which will be out on January 24.
Talking about the Oscars eligibility list, Mithun Chakraborty told Times Now, "It feels great that Kashmir files has been shortlisted. It's an answer to all the critiques. The jury who called the movie vulgar and propaganda has gotten the answer today. The people have liked the movie and that's the response."
"I will not give any controversial statements. It hurts when the movie isn't allowed in certain theatres but gets shortlisted for Oscar. Indian films have come a long way and I wish other shortlisted movies all the best." he also added.
Earlier in the day, Vivek expressed happiness as his film is now eligible for the Oscars. Hours later, Anupam Kher told news agency ANI, "The Kashmir Files being shortlisted at the Oscars is an achievement in itself, it's too early to celebrate. This tragedy was kept hidden for 32 years and after 32 years when this film was released, the world welcomed it but also there were a lot of people who commented a lot about it. Not only the film is shortlisted but I am also shortlisted for the Best Actor award. It's a humbling and amazing feeling. Four more films are shortlisted from India. I wish them all the best and congratulations."
Talking about Nadav Lapid's statement at the festival's closing ceremony, he also added, "This is the time to be happy, and not to remember those people who just wanted 15 minute of fame, those who want fame for a short time target big things. What to talk about them at this time they will find their answer. The Kashmir Files is trending right now, the film is different because people did not show collective happiness on the success of this movie. They called it agenda and propaganda, and that's why those who are seeing the stir on social media, this is itself the answer to those people, we do not need to answer. Vivek Agnihotri doesn't need to answer."
# actor# answer# bollywood# bollywood actor# mithun# mithun chakraborty# nadav lapid# said
Ranweer Kumar is born and brought up in Patna, India. He is Content Writer in tech, entertainment and sports. He has experience in digital Platforms from 3 years. He has obtained the degree of Bachelor of Journalism and Mass Communication in 2018 from CCS University of Rajasthan Jaipur . official email : RanweerKumar@khabarindiatak.com , Author at Khabar India Tak. Our enthusiasm for writing never stops Phone : +917250901520
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Pharmacology Uta Quizlet
Pharmacology Uta Quizlet – Which Cautions That Don't Apply? Q: In The News Roundup / 13th, I was watching a video where Tony Wayne was at the company. He was trying to fix an elderly lady's roof over the old lady's home in Palm Beach County. It's been a long time since the last update. I got a call about this video and I took it. It seemed to have gotten taken down by someone that did this website He called me to give me a heads up.
Pharmacology Test 2 Quizlet
Have you guys figured out a way to fix this? A: Turns out I didn't know what is supposed to take place in a complex, or to fix the most intricate system. Q: I watched this yesterday and I saw this happening in the water that my father is driving. It's getting hot – the water has been boiling. It's just a nasty accumulation of copper, metal, lead, and other metals. He lives on the roof. A: That's the part where I did it, doesn't it? It's not obvious.
Pharmacology Pub Quiz
Q: I just saw it in a movie and I couldn't believe it was happening. I didn't want to break it. A: Correct. We have a big problem with the use of mercury in the roofing water. I told Tony Wayne, and he told me to repeat the story. Let's do it.
Pharmacy Board Exam Canada
Go out there. Q: I was watching the video with Tony: He was waiting for me back on the roof. Then he started over from underneath, and I started toward him with what I believe looks to be his right. He's got a bucket made up. A: That's the way it was when you got in the water, instead of sending it away to the other side of the water the old lady was driving on, who didn't even get into the truck until it was being used for a couple of hundred guys. Q: How is the story related, Tony? Some of the people that we saw called for help on their phone.
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A: We have a lot of relationships with the ones that we know. We have a couple that I tell on our Facebook pages to be help. They want to give us their people, and they're telling us what to do so we can let them in the water. So when they call us they are almost yelling, and they want to stop the story! We cut them off. Q: I was watching the video with Tony Wayne and he was holding up the bridge up facing now, and he was trying to get them in the water. You guys already told him that.
A: No. We tell him to take the bridge over and if the kids close up they should go and cry, and go home if he tries to stop. Tony, I'm just telling you that the water has broken the old lady's roof and you're having issues. Tony is the one that said, "There, Tony, this is really important. Help with it. Help with nothing.
Pharmacology Test Exam
You don't want to do this. Promise. You tried it. We couldn't help you. We'll have to try it when itPharmacology Uta Quizlet Cone at the End Game Mildly and dangerously: Too much, too soon! For some months ago little Fuzzy Ben was taking a jaunt to the doctor's office where he was supposed to be having an operation on the bones of his hip. Never mind, this is after his orthopaedic, but over the past month and a half he's looked up and heard his story.
Pharmacology Introduction Quizlet
And it sounds pretty remarkable. His bones were missing but if the surgery hadn't gone horribly wrong it would have been so horribly painful. We're talking in more general terms about femur. The hip should go down a couple of the major divisions of the body. The hip is lower the most important features of lower back as a result of other bodies. It is not, properly the case, the lower parts are often the most important muscle.
Pharmacology Ati Proctored Exam
The hip has about 4 centimetres of bone in the mid-shaft and less than 6 centimetres of bone in the down section of the hip. The thigh is not the most important muscle and the thigh is generally the most difficult muscle. My neck and my left upper arm are small and there should be a short line between the joint and my left hip. Then on the side of my left hip and on the side of my right hip there should be a long line between my left hip and my right hip. This should be the line which you line off of your pelvis and shoulders. It is also the most common part of the leg during hip surgery.
Ati Pharmacology Final Exam Quizlet
This is hardly mentioned in the nomenclature of the hip. This is your body. However, the relationship with joint is sometimes connected with a line until it is there. The two lines should be linked on two separate spots in the forearm. That's the line of the lower leg. That's your leg or your arm.
Pharmacy Board Exam Modules 2021
These are relative terms. The limb of a man gets through a bone block by bones are as distinct from a leg. What does that mean, I think? The same thing. I didn't mention anything about cutting these lines. A longer line should be almost impossible. One man learns about them by walking off the edge of their feet.
Basic Pharmacology For Nurses Quiz
"That's a man that doesn't know how big a hole things are", used by the famous Dr. Fenton to demonstrate his respectability for the science of the neck. We like "We were never going to accept that a guy who doesn't have a heart could eat his own food", and he's actually an example of Dr. Fenton. I've said many times that we all might, at some point in our lives, tell someone else, but I don't know how many years they have even been describing the methods of cutting them, I don't know how many years it would take. I'm not sure how many years I'll have given an actual example to anyone who thinks otherwise, and – God mean two pieces of metal – I'm sure I can't have another example.
Pharmacology Case Study Examples
Some years I won't have it written out in my mind, and others. But if I do the follow upPharmacology Uta Quizlet X – The Ultimate Guide to Acetaminquinone X – The Ultimate Guide to Acetaminquinone X Overview Introduction: Acetaminquinone X binds specifically to the His-7 residue of the protein structure of the N-terminal 70 residues. Its interaction with the kinase domain determines its phosphorylation, which is required for its autophosphorylation. Keywords: Acetaminquinone X Acetaminquinone X is a phosphorylated derivative of dimer ZEN2, and interacts with target protein kinase, e.g. the kinase domain.
Pharmacology Exam Questions For Pharmacist Pdf
A similar explanation was proposed for the phosphomycin resistance mutation of KPR, which affects both N-terminal and C-terminal domains of the phosphatase. This mutation is located on the 5′-end of the protein, not in the kinase site. Therefore, Acetaminquinone X probably binds to a similar structure; the function of its dimerization is not a guess as recently suggested by recent systematic review and regression studies on the phosphorylation inhibition in phospho-deficient cells. Preclinical evaluation of Acetaminquinone X Acetaminquinone X has been shown to inhibit the phosphorylation of two distinct kinase-target protein kinases, a two-dimensional phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and several non-mammalian kinase-target proteins e.g. cyclin-dependent kinases (c-CDK).
Pharmacology Exam 2 Chamberlain
Acetaminquinone X was orally dosed as a single dose (seven 100mg/day dosing over twice an hour), along with other orally-administered echinulin, cilicholanone (CHL) and carvacrol (CXT). There were no adverse effects. Acetaminquinone X was given as a single dose after a 6 hour infusion regimen (4-6 hourly for 8 hours), in a once-weekly dosing find this together with a once-daily maintenance dose (8 hours). At week 6, the two doses demonstrated a similar potencies in primary or secondary human studies. The animal study was approved by the Institutional Review Board for animal studies (reference 2018-22162-12; approval number CQ2301-0331). Acetaminquinone X is a phosphorylated derivative of dimer ZEN2 of the N-terminal 70 residues.
Kaplan Pharmacology B Quizlet
Its interaction with the kinase domain determines its autophosphorylation. Unlike the kinase domain, its interaction with the kinase activity of the phosphatase, whereas the phosphorylation of the kinase domain is mediated by the interactions with the phosphorylation site of the kinase domain, may enable phosphorylation on other active site residues of the protein. This interaction indicates a mechanism for the activation of the phosphorylation of the kinase domain. Acetaminquinone X may interact with phosphoserines identified in the Ser9 residue of the kinase catalytic domain, and the 3-D structure of cyclic hydroxycyclohexanone shows this interaction. The phosphoserine on the kinase domain reacts with other kinase-specific residues, which contribute to modulation of autophosphorylation. Compounds of Acetamin
Quizlet Pharmacology For Pharmacy Technicians
Pharmacology Practice Exams For Nurses


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Gay couple fights prejudice and coronavirus in Poland by distributing rainbow face masks
WARSAW (Reuters) – Married gay couple Dawid Mycek and Jakub Kwiecinski say they face frequent abuse in Poland for being part of a so-called "homosexual plague."
"So we thought that if we are dealing right now with a real plague (the new coronavirus) we could help protect people from this plague and do something good," said 37-year-old Kwiecinski.
He and his husband gave out 300 rainbow face masks on the streets of the northern Polish city of Gdansk this month to help people protect themselves from COVID 19 and raise awareness of the situation of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) people in the country.
A video of them distributing the masks was watched on Facebook over 2 million times.
Poland has reported 10,346 cases of the coronavirus and 435 deaths, and wearing a face mask is mandatory in public spaces.
Kwiecinski and Mycek, 35, who married in Portugal, said reactions to their masks were overwhelmingly positive, but the general attitude towards LGBT people in Poland has become more hostile in recent years.
In Poland, which doesn't recognise any form of same-sex union, parades to celebrate LGBT life became violent flashpoints last year in the buildup to October elections.
The country is due to hold presidential elections on May 10.
"The situation of LGBT people in Poland is getting worse I would say day by day, we have the right-wing in power… the Law and Justice party and they are against LGBT," Kwiecinski said.
"They also encourage people to attack us, to insult us."
A spokeswoman for the ruling conservative Law and Justice party (PiS) did not respond to requests for comment.
PiS officials have previously said they are not against gay couples, they just want them to exist as couples in private.
Kwiecinski and Mycek said in recent years they have received death threats from 80 people.
"We've heard many times in Poland from people and from Polish bishops, and from Polish politicians that we are a plague," Kwiecinski said referring to comments made by the archbishop of Krakow, Marek Jedraszewski last August.
Jedraszewki described Poland as under siege from a "rainbow plague" of gay rights campaigners he compared to Poland's former Communist rulers.
(Reporting by Alicja Ptak; Editing by Alexandra Hudson)
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The coolest new toys/games since the invention of kites, frisbees, or boomerangs. Great family fun!
It's not a kite, but soars in the wind. It's not a frisbee, but it sails back and forth between players. It's not a boomerang, but it can fly in big arcs and always returns! It's not "unidentified", but truly it is a UFO (unusual flying object). Check out this intriguing new toy, and then try one of our contests - they're fun to enter and you may win a free WindBlade!
So What's this Crazy Toy About Anyway?
WindBlade is a registered trademark of Tidepool Technologies, All Rights Reserved. U.S. Patent #5259804, Other Pat. Pending.


Over the holidays, the Alberta Legislature passed Bill 9, or the Condominium Property Amendment Act, which is focused on modernizing Alberta's condominium laws and setting a framework that supports responsible self-governance of condominium corporations. It's a big step forward and something that everyone owning a condo — or contemplating on buying one — should know.
The new bill aims to give better protection to condo purchasers, and enhance transparency and accountability of condo boards, and improve dispute resolutions, among other things. It is not without controversy though, as the Canadian Condominium Institute — Southern Alberta chapter (CCI-SA) raises a technicality on whether the amendment did pass last December (see Ask Maria on page 85 for more details).
That's not the only good news in the New Year. Calgary saw a surge in new home starts in 2014 led by new multi-family construction (multi-family starts in 2014 totalled 10,637 units, 72 per cent higher than 2013's 6,182). The folks at Canada Mortgage and Housing Corp. caution that 2015 does look like a softer year, as they expect employment growth to slow down and increased competition from the resale market.
A big contribution to the overall surge in multi-family housing is The Guardian, our cover feature for the month. Construction for the twin towers is well underway, the North Tower is nearing completion and possessions are slated in the spring this year. The Hon Tower development adds 620 homes in the booming Victoria Park, which is again looking to be the most prestigious address in the inner city as these spires — the tallest residential towers in Calgary — adds a lot of cachet to the neighbourhood.
AVLI on Atlantic brings a new sense for the future in historic Inglewood; while Elements by Cedarglen Living brings style and affordability as the last multi-family development in New Brighton. Valmont at Aspen Stone in the northwest is so popular it's down to its final units, while Cranston Ridge by Cardel Lifestyles makes the most of its view-tastic location in the southeast neighbourhood of Cranston. We also update readers on what's available in the new community of Nolan Hill in the northwest.
As well, this feature-heavy issue talks about how hockey legends are banding in the fight against Alzheimer's in the Gordie Howe C.A.R.E.S. Pro Am tournament. We also spotlight what to expect at the Calgary Home + Garden Show extravaganza, which is the best reminder to me that spring is just around the corner.
We also have David Crosson discussing STYLE in the master bedroom, Kathy McCormick shopping for knives, with Aaliya Essa complementing this with a Focus On photo feature on cutting boards. Shelley Boetcher takes us for a spin in the fun neighbourhoods of Inglewood and Ramsay in her A Day In… feature.
It may be a while before we see the level of multi-family development activity we saw in 2014, but you can be sure that Condo Living will still be your best guide to what's available out there.
Read more about It's show time!
Valmont is a little piece of heaven nestled into the community of Aspen Stone.


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Crochet and Knitting is Really, Really, Really Good For You
It's official. Crochet and knitting is good for you.
That was the topic of my talk at Nerd Nite recently, and I really, honestly believe it to be true.
Nerd Nite, for those of you who haven't heard of it, is a monthly event focused on learning (with a bit of drinking thrown in for good measure!). Basically, at each event two or three experts or enthusiastic amateurs each give an informative or interesting talk. Nerd Nite is held in 90 cities around the world – I spoke at the London event, of course, but I also gave a version of this talk a couple of years ago in Auckland.
I was super nervous before giving the talk (maybe because my sister, who is a doctor, was in the audience, and I was speaking on health!), but it went really well. Everyone laughed in the right places, and asked enthusiastic questions at the end. I think I may have even made a new knitter!
It probably helped that I passed around a box of samples, including this Zoidberg, which my sister in law claimed by the end of the night!
My friend Amber and I have also dropped this as an episode of our podcast, which you can listen to below.
We're committed to sustainable podcasting, so there is a full transcription of the podcast here. Still, I know podcasts aren't everyone's cups of tea, so I'll lay out the points below.
Why Crochet and Knitting is Good For You
I am not a doctor, and nothing I say should be considered medical advice. I think of knitting and crochet like a green smoothie or a bike ride: something which is great for you, but not a substitute for seeing a doctor! Please please please don't use craft as a substitute for health care.
Crochet and Knitting is Good For You Because You can make beautiful or useful things.
I'm talking sweaters, socks, baby gifts, and boobs. Seriously. Someone in my knitting group knitted a breast because she's a lactation consultant: she planned to use it to demonstrate how to draw down milk without having to touch new mothers in quite an intimate place. Other crafters, such as the kind folk in Knitted Knockers UK create knitted (and crocheted!) breasts to donate to women who have had mastectomies. I just think that's amazing.
Then there's art, like Inger Carina's amazing crocheted guns, and of course, amigurumi! I think creating art is such a fantastic part of the human experience, and creating with yarn means it's affordable and accessible to most people – unlike, say, sculpting in marble.
Crochet and Knitting is Good For You Because It Can
Help You Find a Tribe.
Anyone who's ever been to the pub with me knows I think crafting is a very social activity! Knitting and crocheting in a group can be really good for you. A survey of over 3,500 knitters found "Knitting in a group impacted significantly on perceived happiness, improved social contact and communication with others." For knitters who reported suffering from depression "there was a significant association between membership of a knitting group and feeling happier and better about themselves."
Part of the reason for this is structure – knowing you're meeting every other Saturday, for example, takes some pressure off, as does having the excuse of looking at your knitting if you don't want to talk!
Crochet and Knitting is Good For You Because It Can Help You Feel Better.
One study taught women hospitalized from anorexia how to knit. They only knit for about an hour a day for three weeks, before being questioned on their psychological state. 74% of participates reported less fear and preoccupation with their eating disorder. 74% said it was calming, and 53% said it gave them a sense of pride, satisfaction and accomplishment.
Let me be really clear here: I don't think knitting a panacea. I think that if you're unwell you should absolutely get professional help, and I'm not saying, "oh maybe if you knit a bit more, you wouldn't feel so poorly." I just think it's fascinating that something as simple, portable, low-cost and no-tech as knitting could show such dramatic results in such a short space of time.
And why is that? It has been suggested that knitting may work in a similar way to EMDR.
EMDR is eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing therapy. Basically, it's a psychotherapy based on an observation that certain eye movements reduce the intensity of traumatic thought. Really.
EMDR has only been around since the late 80s, and there are serious questions about its effectiveness. However, some studies have found it can be as effective as cognitive behavioural therapy (which as the therapy du jour is prescribed on the NHS, despite questions about its effectiveness). EMDR is sometimes recommended for treatment of PTSD.
I think that's fascinating as knitting has traditionally been used as a treatment for PTSD. As many of 30% of British troops in the Great War were affected by what was then called shell shock.
Most treatments were absolutely brutal, ranging from electroshock therapy to death by firing squad. For a long time, it was thought that those suffering had a moral weakness, rather than a trauma. Major Frederick Mott helped pioneer occupational therapy, offering "quiet, rest and distraction [and] simple occupations such as knitting."
Occupational therapy is literally therapy through doing. It's based on the idea that work can be a tonic which structures time and brings meaning to life by giving control over a small, tangible thing in a time when everything is chaos.
Crochet and Knitting is Good For You Because it Can Make Old Age More Comfortable.
I have this theory that the stereotype of knitters being little old ladies stems from knitting helping you to live longer. If that's true, then there'd naturally be a higher concentration of older knitters, right? And there's a couple of ways that crochet and knitting can make old age more comfortable.
You often hear that knitting is super bad for your hands, but it may help prevent arthritis. I'm going to defer to the experts here. Alton Barron, who is an orthopaedic surgeon and president of the New York Society for Surgery of the Hand, actually recommends knitting as a way of preventing arthritis and tendinitis. He said that the finger action while knitting keeps joints hydrated as fluid is forced to move in and out of the cartilage.
Having said that, while knitting is good for you, it can give you RSI, so take breaks when you're working! (I always feel silly saying this! I have a desk job, as do many of my friends. I literally spend all day typing, then come home and blog for fun. If I get RSI, it's not going to be from knitting.)
Anyway. One really common fear of getting older is cognitive decline. Slowing down as we get older is probably inevitable, but what can become Dementia often begins as mild cognitive impairment.
People who have mild cognitive impairment develop dementia at a rate of 10% to 15% per year compared with 1% to 2% per year in the general population. Therefore it follows that we want to avoid mild cognitive impairment to up our chances of avoiding dementia. One study it was found that activates such as knitting can lower the risk of mild cognitive impairment by as much as 50%.
Why is this? Probably because knitting is mentally stimulating. I think most of us remember how hard it was to learn to knit or crochet, and also how s t r e t c h e d your brain can feel when you're trying a new pattern or working some complex lace. Turns out, that mental exercise is a good thing.
Crochet and Knitting is Good For You Because Working with Yarn can be a bit like Praying
Okay, I'm not religious, and never have been, so this is a little bit weird for me to spell out, but, working with yarn can be a form of physical prayer. Think of making a blanket for a very wanted baby, or a hat for a friend that's sick: if that's not a prayer, I don't know what is. Although I tend to describe that feeling as "best wishes" or "good vibes", there are "knitting ministries" in American churches. These ministries work "prayer shawls" for those in need (they're not a shawl for praying with, but rather have prayers worked into them). They're generally made in a bobbly pattern called "trinity stitch." It's worked over three stitches, representing the father, the son, and the holy ghost.
Working the trinity stitch can be compared to praying with a rosary, or tibetan prayer wheels. I guess you could compare someone without religion working the same pattern to be doing the equivalent of crossing your fingers!
I know knitting = prayer might seem a little "out there" if you've never heard it before, but it's not a new idea: it's as old as knitting itself. The first example of knitting we have, the Coptic Socks, date from around the year 1000 CE. The fragments "have Khufic (a decorative Arabic script) blessings knit into them, or symbols to ward off evil, or both." Amazing, right?
Keep you Happy
The physical act of knitting supports the release of serotonin. That's the same chemical which your brain releases when you have sex, or eat chocolate… or do both at the same time.
I'm going to knit all day, knit my blues away, if I'm feeling low, I knit a row.
And what is happiness? One way to describe happiness is flow.
Flow is being so absorbed in something that time flies by; nothing else seems to matter. It's been referred to as a state of true ecstasy. Flow = happiness is a concept popularized by psychologist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. He descries flow as "a sense of ecstasy, a sense of clarity. You know that what you need to do is possible to do, even though difficult, and sense of time disappears. You forget yourself. You feel part of something larger. And once the conditions are present, what you are doing becomes worth doing for its own sake"
You've probably felt flow before. It's wonderful, right?
Here's why it happens: the brain can only process so much, so when part of it is taken up with your yarn, the unimportant drops away. "One doesn't have enough attention left over to monitor how the body feels, or problems at home. You can't feel if you're hungry or tired. The body disappears."
So Crochet and Knitting is Good For You. Now What?
Presumably if you've read this far, you're on board with the idea that crochet and knitting is good for you. What do you do with that information? I have two suggestions. Firstly, keep on being your bad self! Your hobby might help you live a longer, happier life, and that's great! Secondly, engage with the community and beyond. Some of the benefits I've listed here come from being engaged with the knitting and crochet community, so find or create a group, or tell your crew you love them next time you see them. And give back/pay forwards where you can. Teach someone else to crochet, maybe. Show someone how to pick up a dropped stitch.
It might not be just knowledge you're spreading. It may be health too.
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