Administrative Law Judge (ALJ) Rebecca Freie, Office of Administrative Hearings (OAH), State of California, heard this matter on July 15 through 17, and July 20, 2009, in San Diego, California.
Attorney Thomas S. Nelson represented Student. Legal intern Cynthia Arce was present on behalf of Student for part of the hearing. Student's mother (Mother) was present for the entire hearing. Student's father (Father) was present for part of the hearing.1 Student was present only to testify. Attorney Amy Bozone represented San Diego Unified School District (District). Legal interns Jeff Hutchins and Kurt Whitman were also present on behalf of the District for part of the hearing. Amy Perez, diagnostic resource teacher, was present throughout the hearing as the District's representative.
2 The parties were permitted to submit tables of authorities cited in their closing arguments which have been marked as exhibits. Student's table of authorities has been designated as S-66, and the District's table of authorities has been designated as D-9.
Was Student's conduct on May 22, 2009, consisting of his involvement in selling marijuana seeds to another student, caused by, or did it have a direct and substantial relationship to, his disabilities?
Did the individualized education program (IEP) team predetermine that Student's behavior was not a manifestation of his disability at the manifestation determination IEP team meeting on June 5, 2009?
On June 5, 2009, did the manifestation determination IEP team commit procedural violations by failing to consider all relevant information in Student's file and parent input, and by limiting their consideration to only the primary disability category on Student's last IEP (i.e., specific learning disability (SLD)), instead of his other disability of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?
Student contends that his conduct on May 22, 2009, which consisted of acting as a "middle man" in a single transaction concerning the purchase of marijuana seeds in school, had a direct and substantial relationship to his disability of ADHD. Specifically, Student claims that he has ADHD, which causes him difficulty with executive functioning and impulsivity. Student also asserts that this is part of his SLD. Student alleges that on May 22, 2009, he had not taken his ADHD medication for a week or two and, therefore, he impulsively engaged in the conduct that is the focus of this case.
The District contends that Student's SLD is a "severe discrepancy between intellectual functioning and math calculation/fluency, in association with attention problems and weaknesses in areas [related to] various executive functions." The District concedes that Student has ADHD, but contends this is not his "primary handicapping condition." Further, the District claims that Student probably engaged in more than one transaction concerning marijuana seeds on the day in question or, in the alternative, there was a single transaction that occurred for a time period encompassing several hours, and therefore Student's behavior was not a single impulsive act related to his ADHD. The District contends that it did not predetermine the results of the manifestation determination IEP team meeting. Finally, the District contends that it did consider all relevant records and information concerning Student, including the input of Mother, at the June 5, 2009 manifestation determination IEP team meeting, and therefore did not commit a procedural violation in that regard.
3 An expulsion hearing was held several days after the manifestation determination was made, and Student was not expelled. He currently attends another school in the District. There was no evidence that Student seeks to return to his previous middle school.
1. Student is a 13-year-old boy who resides within the boundaries of the District with his parents. He is eligible for special education under the category of SLD in that he has a "severe discrepancy between intellectual functioning and math calculation/fluency, in association with attentional problems and weaknesses in areas subserved by various executive functions." Student also has been diagnosed with ADHD, and takes medication to control his behavior when school is session.
2. From November 2008 to May 22, 2009, Student attended Innovation Middle School (Innovation), a public school in the District. The evidence established that on May 22, 2009, between third and fourth periods (10:25 to 10:30 a.m.), Student acted as a "middle man" in a transaction where one student (Student A) purchased marijuana seeds from another student (Student B). According to Student, Student A approached him and asked him where he could find Student B. Rather than just pointing Student A towards Student B, Student led Student A to Student B. Student B then told Student A that he could obtain the seeds from Student C. Student then took Student A to Student C. Student was given the seeds by Student C, and he handed them to Student A. Student then collected money for the seeds from Student A, to give to Student B. However, Student did not have time to give the money to Student B during the passing period, and Student was on detention during lunch, so Student had the money in his possession at the end of the school day.
5. Student testified that he had not taken his ADHD medication for one to two weeks prior to May 22, 2009, because he believed it was giving him headaches at night that disturbed his sleep. Student's testimony was corroborated by a hospital laboratory report produced at the manifestation determination IEP meeting as well as at the hearing. When Mother picked up Student at School on May 22, 2009, she transported him to a hospital where his blood was drawn and tested for multiple drugs including marijuana and methamphetamines. Student tested negative on all drug screens. The evidence established that Student would have tested positive for methamphetamines if he had taken his ADHD medication that date. The District stipulated at hearing that Student had not taken his ADHD medication on May 22, 2009.
6. The evidence established that Student's birth mother was addicted to drugs, and he was exposed to drugs in utero, and subsequently made a dependent of juvenile court. When he was five years of age, he and a sibling were placed in the care of Parents and subsequently adopted by parents. In elementary school, Student had anger management problems and was described by both this third and fourth grade teachers as "not playing well with other children." Parents were often called by school personnel because Student had exhibited behavior problems in class or on the playground. When Student was in fifth grade, Mother asked that a student study team (SST) meeting be convened to see if he was eligible for accommodations pursuant to Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. § 701, et seq.). However, because it was so late in the school year, the SST meeting was not convened.
4 The evidence established that Student has no history of drug use, other than his medically prescribed ADHD medication.
5 On May 22, 2009, Student consented to a search of his backpack which revealed the blade from an Exacto knife, and items school personnel initially suspected could be made into a device to smoke marijuana. However, at the manifestation determination IEP team meeting, all charges concerning these items were dismissed. Student used the razor blade to cut grip tape for his skate board, and the other items could not be used in the manner originally suspected by the District.
7. In 2006, the fall of Student's sixth grade year, he moved to Colorado with Father, while Mother remained in California to ready their house for sale. During the first week of school in Colorado, Student was involved in an incident involving several students pushing each other and sliding down icy stairs. When Father responded to a telephone call from the school regarding this incident, the school counselor informed him that Student appeared to be "all over the place," and the counselor suggested that Student be tested for ADHD and prescribed medication. Father did not follow through on this recommendation.
8. Student returned to California in May 2007 because Parents could not sell their house in California, and at the beginning of the next school year, he enrolled in seventh grade at High Tech Middle School (High Tech), a charter school in the District. In November 2007, Student was assessed by High Tech to determine if he was eligible for special education. The assessment team completed a Multidisciplinary Report and found that Student had "a severe discrepancy between intellectual functioning and math calculation and fluency, in association with significant attentional problems and weaknesses in areas subserved by various executive functions." At about the same time, a private therapist providing Student and his family with therapy related to family issues suggested that Student be evaluated for ADHD. Student then saw a psychiatrist who prescribed Vyvanse, a medication for ADHD, and also referred him to a psychologist, Paul Whitehead, Ph.D. (Whitehead), for an evaluation to determine if Student actually did have ADHD. Student stopped taking his medication three days prior to the assessment by Whitehead, which occurred on December 17, 2007.6 Whitehead conducted formal psychological testing of Student, and reviewed the District's Multidisciplinary Report that contained the results of its formal assessment of Student. Whitehead issued his own report in which he concurred with the District's findings that Student had an SLD relating to math, with difficulties in executive functioning. He also found that Student appeared to have ADHD.
9. At the IEP team meeting at High Tech on January 11, 2008, Student was described as "struggl[ing] on tasks measuring processing speed, auditory processing under quiet conditions, visual motor integration, and various areas associated with executive functioning (controlling impulses, initiating activities, working memory, planning and organization and the ability to self monitor)." The IEP team and several of Student's teachers at High Tech all reported positive changes that correlated in time to when Student began taking the medication prescribed for his ADHD. Parents also testified persuasively about the positive effect medication had on Student's behavior. Student was found eligible for special education under the category of SLD.
6 It appeared that the District's assessment occurred prior to Student being prescribed medication.
12. When a special education student is suspended for disciplinary reasons for more than ten days, federal law requires that the appropriate members of the IEP team meet to determine whether his conduct was a manifestation of his disability. The team is required to answer two questions: (1) Was the student's conduct caused by, or did it have a direct and substantial relationship to his disability; and (2) Was the student's conduct a direct result of the district's failure to implement the student's IEP? If the answer to either question is yes, then the student's conduct is deemed a manifestation of his disability and the district may not remove the child from his current placement.
13. The District convened a timely manifestation determination IEP team meeting on May 22, 2009.8 The team determined that the Student's conduct, consisting of his being involved in the sale and purchase of marijuana seeds, was not caused by, nor did it have as direct and substantial relationship to, Student's disability. The team also determined that Student's conduct was not a result of the District's failure to implement the IEP. Parents disagreed. The primary issue in this hearing was whether the District made the correct determination.
7 Student was suspended from High Tech because he shoplifted from a supermarket in October 2008. Student testified that he was on medication at the time of the shoplifting incident. However, the evidence also established that Student does not take his medication during weekends or school breaks, based on medical advice. It was not established exactly when the shoplifting incident occurred. Parents did not contest the suspension. No other disciplinary incidents were noted between the time Student began taking medication in late 2007, and May 22, 2009 incident.
8 An earlier date was suggested by the District, but Mother asked that the date be changed.
14. Dr. Kelin, Student's expert witness, is a forensic psychologist. Dr. Kelin obtained his doctorate degree from Rutgers University in 1979, and his Family Therapy Certificate from the New Jersey Center for Family Studies in 1982. In 1982, he obtained his California Psychology License. Dr. Kelin has been in private practice since that time. Approximately 60 percent of the time he is a school psychologist for the Sweetwater Union High School District, and in that capacity he has chaired manifestation determination IEP team meetings. He also serves as a forensic psychologist for the San Diego County Juvenile Court. He is appointed by the court to conduct psychological evaluations of youth who are involved in delinquency proceedings, and is also retained by criminal defense counsel to evaluate the same juvenile population. At least half of his juvenile court work is the result of court appointment. Dr. Kelin described ADHD as a condition where children with ADHD react impulsively, rather than thinking things through.
15. Dr. Kelin reviewed Student's educational records, and also conducted a clinical interview of Student and Mother on July 7, 2009. He testified persuasively and candidly that before he interviewed Student, he believed the incident of May 22, 2009, was not a manifestation of Student's disability of SLD, or related to his ADHD. However, he changed his opinion after he interviewed Student. Dr. Kelin's recitation of what Student told him was identical to what Student testified to at the hearing. Student was present in the hearing room only when he himself testified. Parents were cautioned to not discuss the hearing with Student prior to his testimony, and Student's demeanor and responses indicated that no one discussed the case with Student prior to him testifying.
16. Dr. Kelin was a very well-qualified psychologist and a credible witness. In addition to his experience as a school psychologist who had conducted manifestation determination IEP meetings for another school district, he also had extensive experience as a court-appointed psychologist evaluating youth who had committed acts that were violations of the Penal Code. Based on his experience, it was unlikely that he would be deceived by Student. Likewise, this ALJ found Student to be credible when he testified about a single incident during which he acted as a middle man.
17. Dr. Kelin testified that Student's behavior on May 22, 2009, had a direct and substantial relationship to his ADHD. Dr. Kelin also testified to the fact that Student had not taken his medication for ADHD for several days prior to the incident. Dr. Kelin testified that because Student was not on his medication, he did not think through the consequences of his actions before becoming involved in the marijuana sales transaction. Student testified that if he had taken his medication on May 22, 2009, when Student A approached him and asked him where Student B was so he could buy some marijuana seeds, Student would have simply pointed to Student B, and would not have been involved at all.
18. The evidence established that the District members of the IEP team relied on the information provided to them by Principal Klein concerning the events of May 22, 2009. Principal Klein told the team that he saw Student receive money during the passing period between third and fourth periods, and when Principal Klein asked Student about the money, Student told him that it was the return of a loan of lunch money. Principal Klein formed the opinion that because Student had lied to him about the source of the money that morning, and still had the money at the end of the school day, his participation in the transaction was not a manifestation of his ADHD. In addition, one of the other students interviewed by the administration on May 22, 2009, claimed that Student had been involved in another transaction before school, and this student's written statement was given to the IEP team.
19. The District members of the IEP team at the manifestation determination meeting also were not convinced that the laboratory report produced by Mother actually proved that he was not on his medication at the time of the incident. At the hearing Dr. Kelin provided the testimony that corroborated Mother's assertion that the laboratory report proved Student was not on his medication on May 22, 2009. However, Dr. Kelin was not a participant at the IEP team meeting, and no other participant had the expertise to explain to the team the significance of the results of the drug testing.
20. The evidence established that the District's IEP team members would have been more inclined to find that Student's conduct was a manifestation of his ADHD had they been convinced that Student had just been involved in a single transaction when they met on June 5, 2009. Student's case manager, Chantal Bonfond (Bonfond), a special education teacher, testified that she believed Student was involved in more than one seeds transaction on May 22, 2009, as did the school psychologist for the District, Michelle Cirsci (Cirsci). Bonford testified that if she had known there was just a single incident of short duration she would have been more inclined to find Student's behavior a manifestation of his ADHD. The evidence also established that at the manifestation determination IEP meeting, the District personnel did not understand the significance that the laboratory report of Student's drug testing corroborated that he was not on his ADHD medication, and also not on any other drugs.
21. The District contended that ADHD was not Student's "primary handicapping condition" and, therefore, not a real consideration in this case, Cirsci led the manifestation determination IEP meeting and reviewed school records prior to that meeting. She testified that she had did not see any hyperactivity reflected in the school records she reviewed. However, it was unclear whether she reviewed the Whitehead report, which contained a diagnosis of ADHD. In addition, the Innovation IEP of December 8, 2008 also reflected that Student had ADHD. District witnesses testified that this description was an error, and the description of Student's disability should have focused on his difficulties in math and executive functioning, not ADHD. However, the evidence established that the IEP team of December 18, 2008, did consider ADHD to be related to his SLD. Moreover, the District stipulated that Student had ADHD towards the end of the hearing. Based on the foregoing, the fact that the District determined at some point that SLD was Student's "primary handicapping condition" does not establish that it was his only handicapping condition.
22. Cirsci also testified that she reviewed the computerized discipline records system kept by the District, called ZANGLE,9 and based on the low number of incident reports concerning Student from kindergarten on, she determined that Student's behavior history was not that of a student with ADHD. However, the evidence established that ZANGLE was not an accurate reflection of a student's discipline history. Parents' persuasive testimony highlighted numerous incidents where Student exhibited serious behaviors that were never documented by ZANGLE. In fact, the evidence established that one week prior to May 22, 2009, Student was placed on lunch detention by his history teacher for misbehavior in class, and this was not reflected in ZANGLE although both the teacher and Principal Klein talked to Parents about the incident before May 22, 2009. Bonford testified that she saw Student daily as his case manager and did not observe any behavior out of the ordinary, but she was unaware of the misconduct in the history class the week before May 22, 2009. The evidence established that ZANGLE was not an accurate source of information on which Cirsci should have relied, and the lack of incident reports regarding Student in ZANGLE does not establish that he did not have ADHD. Moreover, it was District's contention at hearing, that the manifestation determination IEP team was required to consider only Student's primary handicapping condition.
23. The evidence established that Student has ADHD, as well as an SLD. Student's ADHD causes him to be impulsive, and to act without thinking. Student's ADHD is controlled by medication. One or two weeks prior to May 22, 2009, Student stopped taking his ADHD medication and told no one. On May 17, 2009, Student acted out in his history class. This conduct resulted in the teacher calling Parents, and Princpal Klein talking to Mother about it when she was picking up Student at school the following week. On May 22, 2009, Student acted impulsively when he acted as a middle man and helped Student A buy marijuana seeds. When Student was approached by Student A and asked where Student B was so he could purchase marijuana seeds, Student impulsively took him to Student B rather than just pointing out Student B. The evidence established that Student's involvement in the seeds transaction between third and fourth periods was a single incident of less than five minutes. The evidence established that Student did not think about the consequences in getting involved in a transaction that could be construed as drug related. Therefore, the evidence established that Student's conduct on May 22, 2009, was an impulsive act caused by his ADHD and the fact that he had not taken his medication.
24. Based on the foregoing, the evidence established that Student's conduct on May 22, 2009, was caused by, or had a direct and substantial relationship to his disability, and, therefore, was a manifestation of his disability.
25. There was no evidence that District personnel predetermined the result of the manifestation determination IEP team meeting. District personnel who testified, Klein, Cirsci and Bonfond, testified persuasively that they did not enter the meeting with the intention of finding Student's behavior was not a manifestation of his disability of ADHD. The audio tape recording of the meeting was admitted into evidence, and it confirms this. In addition, the recording establishes that Mother provided the team with a great deal of input, as did a student advocate and Student's attorney who attended the meeting with her, and this input was considered by the District, although not necessarily believed. The evidence established that Student had attended several different schools in the District, and it is unclear if Student's file was complete. Although it appears that every document in Student's records was not reviewed by District personnel, a good faith effort was made to ensure that relevant records were reviewed. There were no procedural violations at the manifestation determination meeting and the outcome of that meeting was not predetermined.
9 Witnesses testified that ZANGLE is the actual name of the system and is not an acronym.
1. In an administrative proceeding, the burden of proof is on the party requesting the hearing. (Schaffer v. Weast (2005) 546 U.S. 49 [126 S.Ct. 528].) Student requested the hearing and has the burden of proof.
3. As determined in Factual Findings 2-24, Dr. Kelin's testimony, as well as the testimony of Student, established that Student's conduct of acting as a middle man in a single transaction of selling and buying marijuana seeds had a direct and substantial relationship to his disability of ADHD. As such, his conduct was a manifestation of his disability.
Did the IEP team predetermine that Student's behavior was not a manifestation of his disability at the manifestation determination IEP team meeting on June 5, 2009?
4. As determined in Factual Finding 25, there was no evidence that the District predetermined the result of the manifestation hearing. District personnel entered the meeting with no predetermined result according to testimony and the audio recording of the meeting.
On June 5, 2009, did the manifestation determination IEP team commit procedural violations by failing to consider all relevant information in Student's file and parent input, and by limiting their consideration to only the primary disability category on Student's last IEP (i.e., SLD), instead of his other disability of ADHD?
5. As determined in Factual Finding 25, District personnel considered all relevant information in Student's file, although that information may have been incomplete. Further, Mother's input, as well as the input of her attorney and advocate, was also considered. There were no procedural violations.
6. The evidence established that at the manifestation determination meeting of June 5, 2009, the District seemed to focus on Student's SLD related to math and executive functioning, and was disinclined to consider Student's disability of ADHD. The District provided no authority, nor can any be found, that the focus at a manifestation determination IEP team should be on a student's primary handicapping condition, and that other disabilities that are not primary handicapping conditions cannot also be considered.
Student's conduct on May 22, 2009, was a manifestation of his disability.
Within 20 days of this order, the District shall correct Student's records to reflect that the conduct on May 22, 2009, was a manifestation of Student's ADHD.
Pursuant to California Education Code section 56507, subdivision (d), the hearing Decision must indicate the extent to which each party has prevailed on each issue heard and decided. The following findings are made in accordance with this statute: Student prevailed on Issue 1; the District prevailed on Issue 2; Student and District each partially prevailed on Issue 3.


You can add expenses on the go with the Pink Office iPhone app.
From your Dashboard screen, click "Add Expense."
Next, begin entering information about your expense. (To add more expense accounts, go to your account at www.pinkoffice.com and click the "money" tab.) Click the camera icon to take a picture of your receipt which can also be viewed for future reference online.
After all of your information is complete click "Save."


text:
India Tech
TikTok owner ByteDance ratchets up hiring for video games business in challenge to Tencent
Written by South China Morning Post Published on 14 Oct 2019
The move shows the tech unicorn's effort to expand its ecosystem of products and services for the world's largest internet market.
ByteDance, the world's most valuable start-up, is ramping up recruitment for its video games business, months after acquiring a Shanghai-based developer, in a move that could intensify its rivalry with Tencent Holdings.
There were more than 210 gaming-related jobs posted by ByteDance on the career page of its website as of Friday, according to a search conducted by the South China Morning Post on the same day. Openings for another 31 positions were found to be targeted at qualified college students or recent university graduates.
That number was up from about 60 job vacancies – including experienced game developers, designers and producers – that were posted by the Beijing-based tech unicorn in July this year, following its acquisition of mobile game developer Mokun Technology in March.
Successful applicants to those gaming-related positions will be based in first-tier Chinese cities, including Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen, and Hangzhou. A ByteDance spokeswoman declined to comment on the company's latest hiring program.
"The biggest advantage for ByteDance in entering the gaming sector is its large user base," said Turian Tan, a gaming market analyst at research firm IDC China.
Tan is referring to users of popular ByteDance products, led by video-sharing app Douyin – which has the widely adopted TikTok as its international version – and news aggregator app Jinri Toutiao. He said these users "could help them have a more effective distribution channel," but did not elaborate.
In June, ByteDance said it recorded 1 billion monthly active users of its apps globally as of January this year.
The latest initiative by ByteDance, which relies mostly on advertising revenue from its core content business, shows how China's major internet companies are competing aggressively in building ecosystems, consisting of various platforms that can host multiple services to attract new users and keep their existing audience.
Founded by former engineer Zhang Yiming in 2012, ByteDance was reportedly valued at US$78 billion last year on the back of TikTok's rapid international expansion. In seven years, the company has grown to rival Tencent and Baidu as a major player in the country's vast internet market.
ByteDance's Douyin, for example, has already integrated external online shopping links from Alibaba Group Holding's Taobao Marketplace and Tmall platforms. Alibaba is the parent company of the Post.
In August, ByteDance announced via social media that it was building a general search engine – a development that could threaten online search giant Baidu. In the same month, ByteDance took another crack at breaking Tencent's grip on social networking in China by introducing a group chat within Douyin. Earlier in January, the company launched a new video-based social messaging service, Duoshan, that it hoped to become as popular an everyday mobile app in China as Tencent's WeChat.
Before it was acquired by ByteDance, Mokun already developed a three-dimensional mobile game with a classical theme of the Three Kingdoms, a period in China's history when it was divided between the states of Wei, Shu, and Wu. That game was distributed by Shenzhen-based Tencent, the world's largest video game publisher by revenue.
In February, Douyin unveiled a leisure game called Music Jumping Ball that is played within the short video app. Douyin also allows third-party game developers to release their titles in the app.
IDC's Tan indicated that ByteDance faces stiff competition in China's video games market, which is currently the world's biggest. "There might be some new popular games, but it is very hard to disrupt the whole market," he said.
To be sure, ByteDance has plenty of catching up to do. Tencent and NetEase were again ranked as the world's top-grossing mobile games publishers last month, according to a report by app analytics firm Sensor Tower on Thursday. It said Tencent recorded revenue of more than USD 599 million in September, up 30% from the same month last year. NetEase, headquartered in Guangzhou, followed with revenue of more than USD 256 million, an 11% increase from last year.
Still, there is room to grow in China. The country is forecast to reach USD 36.5 billion in games revenue this year, according to industry analytics firm Newzoo. It said China's nine-month licensing freeze on new games last year, as well as ongoing measures to reduce screen time among children, will continue to affect the market this year because mobile games are dependent on a steady stream of new titles.
This article first appeared on the South China Morning Post.
Bilibili Gaming raises USD 28 million in first financing round
Wency Chen
14 Jan 2021 • 07:04 AM
US and Chinese startup investments swell amid pandemic
India's O2O meat startup Licious in talks to raise USD 80 million at USD 800 million valuation
Moulishree Srivastava
Cold-chain logistics firm Xianshenghuo raises USD 92.5 million in Series A
Song Jingli
KEY STAT | WeChat health code served 800 million to track COVID-19
Julianna Wu
KrASIA Insights
Chinese entertainment firms are betting on the booming trend, but will virtual shows remain a thing after the pandemic?
Virtual concerts to break through to the mainstream, or just a passing fad?
By Wency Chen
16 Jan 2021•01:05 AM
By catering to the global hunger for EVs and its domestic economic growth, Indonesia risks destroying its own environment.
Indonesia's EV battery aspirations unearth mining waste problems
By Ursula Florene
What should have been a smooth-sailing ride for WhiteHat Jr after getting acquired by edtech giant Byju's, it turned out to be a rocky one.
Coding, campaign, and controversies: WhiteHat Jr's journey from highflyer to the eye of storm
By Moulishree Srivastava
Nusantics is the first and only genome tech startup in Indonesia. The firm has also developed two generations of COVID-19 test kits, with a third on its way.
Nusantics advances microbiome research to weave the fabric of life: Startup Stories
By Khamila Mulia
Xiaomi stock dives after blacklisting by US
By Song Jingli
Asians dump WhatsApp for Signal and Telegram on privacy concerns
By Nikkei Asia
India's high-income households fuel new, unique brands: Q&A with VS Kannan Sitaram, Fireside Ventures
Gojek reveals new features for corporate clients to keep up with Grab
Sea Group is hiring in Indonesia for digital banking push after possible acquisition
KRASIA
A digital media company reporting on the most promising technology-driven businesses and trends in the world's emerging markets.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Alberta Teachers' Association > News and Info > ATA News > Volume 49 2014-15 > Number 6 > Batty
Batty at Barnett House
Staff at Barnett House got into the Halloween spirit early during a special lunch on Oct. 22.
The ATA library has more than 15,000 titles, which are available for teachers to access. The library also links to more than 2,000 websites on its web resources pages and provides access to 600 professional journals and magazines through its database. The library answers more than 2,000 reference questions from teachers each year.
Theobald works in the Government program area, which supports the governance and operation of the Association as well as its external advocacy, communications and research functions.
Library technician and cowgirl zombie Sheeba Kamran takes a friendly whack at associate executive secretary Dennis Theobald.
Demon librarian Sandra Anderson of the ATA library (left) along with Jennifer Gustafson and Georgina Randolph of Food Services.
Each year the ATA produces a wide variety of publications ranging from reports to brochures. Regular publications include the ATA News, ATA Magazine and the Learning Team, which have a combined circulation of about 108,000.
Editor Cory Hare is dressed as a road crew worker who's been the victim of workplace violence as well as road rage (not pictured is a missing left arm).
Teacher Qualification Services evaluates a teacher's years of education for salary purposes. The department completes approximately 4,000 such evaluations each year.
Margaret Jimenez shows off the dance outfit that she wears as a member of Ballet Folklorico Mexico of Edmonton, a non-profit organization that performs dances from all regions of Mexico. At her job, Jimenez is a reviewer for the Teacher Qualification Services.
Food Services employs 12 full-time, part-time and casual employees and prepares approximately 28,000 meals ranging from continental breakfasts, lunches, dinners and barbecues for the staff cafeteria and about 1,500 meetings held at Barnett House throughout the year.
Food Services staff Nabila Batraki is dressed as a mysterious Venetian.
The Teacher Welfare program area provides ATA members with advice on a range of topics, including collective bargaining, the interpretation and application of collective agreements, grievance procedures, group benefit plans, pensions, Employment Insurance, and rights for maternity and adoption leave.
Belinda Ferro, a secretary in the Teacher Welfare program area, shows off her luminous ragged doll costume under a blue light.


text:
<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace Administration\Domain\Supplier\Handler;

use Administration\Domain\Supplier\Command\DeleteSupplier;
use Administration\Infrastructure\Persistence\DoctrineOrm\Repositories\DoctrineSupplierRepository;
use Core\Domain\Common\Command\CommandHandlerInterface;

class DeleteSupplierHandler implements CommandHandlerInterface
{
    private DoctrineSupplierRepository $repository;

    public function __construct(DoctrineSupplierRepository $repository)
    {
        $this->repository = $repository;
    }

    public function __invoke(DeleteSupplier $command): void
    {
        $supplierToDelete = $this->repository->findOneByUuid($command->uuid());

        if (null === $supplierToDelete) {
            throw new \DomainException('Supplier provided does not exist!');
        }

        $this->repository->remove($supplierToDelete);
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Undead, Shapeshifters and a God
On October 27, 2019 October 27, 2019 By Jerry KnaakIn Daily Update
We are getting close horror fans. We cross into the Top 15 and the films are as eclectic as your humble narrator. From the undead to giant monsters, tonight's four-pack will leave you shivering.
17. Night of the Living Dead
George Romero defined the zombie genre for generations to come with this low-budget, black and white chiller. Previously, most zombies were voodoo-commanded revenants. Romero changed all that adding a science fiction element.
The crush of the weight of the mob of zombies, the desperate people holed up in the farmhouse boarding up doors and windows, the coward who falters at the wrong moment, Night of the Living Dead set the standard and the formula for the modern-day zombie film.
Duane Jones and Judith O'Dea star in what is widely considered a genre-defining horror masterpiece. Often imitated, never duplicated.
16. An American Werewolf in London
Quite possibly the greatest werewolf movie ever made. John Landis directed this award-winning gem starring David Naughton, Jenny Agutter, Griffin Dunne, Brian Glover (Alien III).
Naughton and Dunne play college students backpacking across Europe who stop in at a pub on the English countryside. After a weird experience with the locals, the boys set out again. Dunne is mauled to death by a werewolf and Naughton is injured. He transforms during the next full moon in the greatest werewolf transformation scene ever filmed.
Agutter plays the sympathetic nurse that falls for Naughton's character and tries to help him. John Woodvine is great as the London doctor who also tries to help.
15. The Lost Boys
Let's see … Jason Patric (son of Jason Miller, The Exorcist's Father Damien Karras), Keifer Sutherland, Jami Gertz, the two Coreys, an awesome soundtrack, vampires … what's not to like?
Set in Santa Carla, Calif., (actually Santa Cruz, along the beach boardwalk), vampires take up residence and they are recruiting. Well done in a manner that doesn't take itself too seriously, it's heavy with lighthearted moments. This film explores the seduction of the life a vampire offers and the struggle to maintain humanity.
Soundtrack spoiler, this is a bit of a pet peeve – it's Echo and the Bunnymen's version of People are Strange over the closing credits, not The Doors. That being written, I think this film has the best horror movie soundtrack in movie history.
14. Godzilla/Gojira
If you don't think Godzilla is a horror film go back and watch it again. The original, not the Americanized release of the original with Raymond Burr. An allegory for the nuclear nightmare unleashed on Japan during World War II, Godzilla is awakened and rampages throughout Japan. The destruction he brings is portrayed poignantly as we see the human cost of the monster's mere existence.
Eventually Godzilla is defeated by a scientist, Daisuke Serizawa, and a controversial weapon. The scientist sacrifices himself to vanquish the monster.
This film spawned one of the most successful movie franchises of all-time and Godzilla is enjoying a resurgence with Hollywood's Monsterverse films – uneven quality, reviews and success, they are at least paying homage to the original movies. The original is dark and apocalyptic. You can't tell me it's not a horror movie.
An American Werewolf in LondonGodzillaGojirahorror filmshorror movie countdownhorror moviesNIght of the Living DeadThe Lost Boys
Bullied Teens, the Greatest Jumpscare Ever Filmed and the Birth of a Franchise
Catching Up as the Countdown of My 100 Favorite Movies Winds Down


This is why I turned to natural substances. One of the natural ingredients that were proven to help reduce the appearance of cellulite in body scrubs is coffee beans. We can use these same as temporary skin toning and tighten effects to contribute to reducing under eye bags and dark circles.


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Anal intraepithelial neoplasia | definition of anal intraepithelial neoplasia by Medical dictionary
https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/anal+intraepithelial+neoplasia
anal intraepithelial neoplasia
Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus, Acronyms, Encyclopedia.
Related to anal intraepithelial neoplasia: Endometrial Intraepithelial Neoplasia, Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia
A carcinoma in situ of the anorectal mucosa that is embryologically, histologically, and pathologically analogous to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, which is linked to HPV infection and divided into low-grade (LG-AIN) and high-grade (HG-AIN) tumours, the latter of which is associated with aggressive squamous cell carcinoma.
Anal HPV infections, receptive anal intercourse, HIV infection and decreased CD4-+ve T cells.
HPV types
6/11, 31/33/35 and 16/18.
Segen's Medical Dictionary. © 2012 Farlex, Inc. All rights reserved.
Abbreviation: AIN
A precancerous change in the squamous cells of the anus that may eventually develop into anorectal cancer. It is similar to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in that it is a premalignant lesion that arises in squamous cells, is found primarily in sexually active people, and is associated with human papillomavirus and HIV.
Synonym: anal dysplasia; anal squamous intraepithelial lesion
See also: neoplasia
anal intraepithelial neoplasia
AA amyloidosis
AL amyloidosis
coin lesion
developmental dysplasia of the hip
HGSIL
intraepithelial neoplasia
molecular lesion
vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia
Summary of studies focused on effectiveness of different treatment modalities of anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN).
Anal cancer screening knowledge, attitudes, and experiences among men who have sex with men in Ottawa, Ontario
Major Finding: The quadrivalent HPV vaccine had 77.5% efficacy in preventing anal intraepithelial neoplasia, including condyloma, and it had 94.9% efficacy in preventing persistent anal HPV infection, in the per-protocol study population.
Data Source: A randomized, double-blind trial comparing the efficacy of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine against placebo at preventing anal intraepithelial neoplasia in 598 healthy homosexual men in seven countries who were followed for approximately 3 years.
HPV vaccine protected against anal neoplasia in gay men
RISK FACTORS IMPLICATED IN ANAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA
Several studies were conducted in order to identify risk factors for developing anal intraepithelial neoplasia and abnormal anal cytology.
HPV infection and intraepithelial lesions from the anal region: how to diagnose?
AIN, anal intraepithelial neoplasia; p-y, person-years.
HPV vaccination for people with HIV--who, when, why?
Individuals infected by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have a high risk of infection by human papillomavirus (HPV), as well as a high incidence of anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) and anal cancer caused by HPV [1].
Detection of human papillomavirus DNA in anal intraepithelial neoplasia and anal cancer.
Diagnostic methods for prevention of anal cancer and characteristics of anal lesions caused by HPV in men with HIV/AIDS
Conventionally, lesions involving the former have been termed dysplasia, in situ carcinoma, or anal intraepithelial neoplasia, whereas lesions involving the skin, Bowen disease.
An update on tumors of the anal canal
Men who have sex with men (MSM) are particularly at risk for conditions associated with HPV types 6, 11, 16, and 18; diseases and cancers that have a higher incidence among MSM include anal intraepithelial neoplasias, anal cancers, and genital warts (8,9).
FDA licensure of quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine (HPV4, Gardasil) for use in males and guidance from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)
anal atresia
anal canal
anal column
anal columns
anal cough reflex
anal crypt
anal cryptitis
anal cushions
anal dilatation
anal dilatation test
anal duct
anal ducts
anal dynamic graciloplasty
anal erotism
Anal Eze
anal fascia
anal folds
anal gland
anal groove
anal incontinence
anal intercourse
anal melanoma
anal membrane
anal orifice
anal pecten
anal personality
anal phase
anal pit
anal plate
anal reflex
anal region
anal retentive
anal sinus
anal sinuses
anal skin tag
anal sphincter
Anal sphincter muscles
anal stricture
anal tag
anal transition zone
anal transitional zone
anal triangle
anal valves
anal verge
Anal fold
anal furunculosis
anal g's
anal glyph
Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade 2
Anal manometry
anal nerves, inferior
Anal odor
anal paralysis
Anal penetration
anal period


Music always sets the mood, and Halloween party songs can create a spooky atmosphere for any party. Get everyone singing along to some catchy tunes or inspire your guests to hit the dance floor with a fun Halloween playlist.
Halloween songs can be silly or scary. They can help get the crowd moving at your party and can also break the ice. Add some of Halloween favorites to your playlist to keep the party going. Some songs to consider include the following.
The Monster Mash is a classic oldies song that tells the story of a Frankenstein-like monster starting a new dance sensation. To get the dance floor hopping, teach young partygoers how to do the mashed potato with stiff, monster-like arm movements.
Thriller is an instantly recognizable Halloween song. Watching the original music video can be a fun Halloween party idea. Learn the dance steps to Thriller and get the whole group in zombie motion.
Time Warp isn't a scary song in its own right, but as one of the most famous songs from The Rocky Horror Picture Show, it practically screams Halloween. The accompanying dance is fun to perform in a group. Play the scene from the movie to help guests learn the steps, or screen the entire film as part of your party activities.
The Addam's Family main theme song is a cute and catchy tune. It's the kind of song everyone will love to sing along with.
Ghostbusters is another piece of theme music that is more fun than frightening. Guests are sure to shout along with the chorus.
A Nightmare on My Street is homage to Nightmare on Elm Street, with the narrator running from "Fred." Thanks to the light and breezy style of D.J. Jazzy Jeff and the Fresh Prince, even partygoers who don't normally enjoy rap music may be drawn into the story.
Wee Sing for Halloween is filled with age appropriate music.
The Witch Doctor is another classic song that's great for singing along.
Despite being released purely as a novelty track, Purple People Eater has endured for decades as a light-hearted monster tune that kids will love singing along to.
I'm Your Boogie Man, the original disco-era song from K.C. and The Sunshine Band, is only tangentially related to Halloween. It mentions a boogieman, but the lyrics don't actually refer to a frightening mythical figure. However, White Zombie's 1996 cover truly gives the tune a creepy edge.
Living Dead Girl by Rob Zombie offers a perfectly ghoulish theme for your celebration and it will keep the hard rock fans happy.
Although not "music" per se, scary sound effects tracks are a popular choice for Halloween celebrations. With screams, howls, clanking chains, bubbling cauldrons, and more, they provide the perfect soundtrack to your event.
Another non-musical option to play at your event is an audio recording of a ghost story. Check your local library for options, and gather the guests around to enjoy a spooky tale.
Whether you choose fun, kid-friendly tunes, atmospheric instrumentals, or heavy rock songs, adding music to your Halloween party plans is sure to enhance the celebration. Both kids and adults will enjoy dancing and singing to the tunes for hours!


In this episode, Michael and Megan arm you with practical tips for lighting a fire under the most lethargic teams. You'll learn what works (and what doesn't) in motivating your team to achieve. For more information, visit leadto.win. Presented by LeaderBox.


Syed help companies and individuals grow their business. He designs responsive and SEO friendly Websites.
We all go through that time at least once in our life, where we just feel like we've finally got tired now. Sometimes we may think that we're trying our very best, yet we don't seem like going anywhere. However, there's always a reason behind it. Always!
May be it's depression, or something that has been annoying you for days. It can be one of your most recent break up, or a loved one's death. Whatever it is, keep yourself away from work until you're fine mentally, but sometimes we don't have a choice when something urgent needs to be done.
So how do you cope with the situation when you feel like you are literally going to ruin everything? Congratulations! You're having this feeling which proves that you've got the ability to realize that you're not doing something good.
The best part about it is that you know that thinking this way is going to lead you to do the very right thing, yes. You can get a lot more done, and in time!
This post talks about 3 of the very important aspects that one should be keen about in order to make you focus just at work, so that you can get as much done.
Yep! If you want to ruin your career, just try to work while there are a thousand things going in your mind, bravo! You're just destroying everything so beautifully. This is something I've learned several times in my life.
Actually, I recently messed at work. It is what made me write this post. I wanted to help others so that they don't make the same mistake as I did, which may sometimes end up losing a lot of amazing opportunities.
So go for a walk, hangout friends or may be watch a movie just to cheer up. Once you're all set mentally, you're good to go and get it done finally.
The word speaks itself. So no distractions at all at work. I know those kind of people who just cannot work in a room where's T.V is being played, or a bunch of people talking. I used to work like that and it usually ended up really bad, though it's not the case for me anymore.
I work in a room where T.V is played all the time, and people are sitting and talking always. I've got used to it, and it actually doesn't affects my job anymore. Therefore, I'm gonna keep working like this :p – however, it is something which doesn't works for a majority of people.
So I'd suggest you to work in a quite room where you won't get easily distracted. Turn your phone off and try to focus on that very thing you're supposed to work on. That's how you would truly be able to give all of your attention to it.
Another very major aspect you'd need in order to get it done. Just dedicate yourself fully to that project you're supposed to tackle until you're all done. Know that it's something you've to prioritize #1 in your list. Remember that not only patience, but hard work also bring good fruits. It's GUARANTEED!


This device is a sectioned example of the first TI epoxy encapsulated silicon rectifier design. The initial packaging work was done in 1955-6.
The process started with round (Cavitron cut) silicon die and silver nail head leads. The die contained a diffused junction, and the leads were attached by means of lead silver eutectic solder. The die area was coated with a silicone varnish and potted in two B stage beads. The assembly was put in a black nylon sleeve and placed in a vacuum oven where the beads flowed under heat to complete the sealing. The project led to the 1N2069, 1N2070, and 1N2071 rectifiers.
Related material in collection: G00357-9.


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You are currently browsing the Bringing Jerry Zimmer Home blog archives for January, 2017.
Monday, January 23, 2017 @ 12:01 PM posted by Elaine Zimmer Davis
Looking up at the tail portion of a USAF transport aircraft, sitting on the runway at DaNang Airport, is a beautiful sight, while observing the transfer of remains recovered from the Vietnam War. Ceremoniously brought aboard in individual caskets by members of our military, this is the process that often signals the beginning of the end for MIA families, waiting decades for their loved ones' return.
: NOTE: LINK TO THE UPCOMING 48TH LEAGUE MEETING AND THE PEOPLE BEHIND THE MISSION TO BRING HOME OUR VIETNAM WAR MIAs
DPAA REGIONAL MIA FAMILY MEETING
What has become apparent to me after years of hoping to bring home Jerry's remains from Vietnam is the importance of learning as much as possible about the system that turns hope into reality whenever possible.
In my opinion, learning from experts like those associated with the Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency (DPAA) www.dpaa.mil, gives families, such as mine, an insider's look at what goes on behind the scenes — both in D.C. and in Vietnam War locations, along with the Korean War and WW II.
For that reason, I try to stay connected with DPAA by attending regional family meetings and will travel to the one in Phoenix, AZ, on 28 January. Hope is wonderful, but it's not enough when it comes to keeping a loved one's case active or understanding the challenges involved in the process — budgets; technology; personnel; field operations; DNA; and the list goes on.
Someone gave me great advice when I became involved in Jerry's case years ago: "Don't assume anything." The effort to bring home our MIAs is not on autopilot. We need to do our part. If you are able to attend the Phoenix meeting, contact your casualty officer — all numbers are listed on the DPAA website, and ask if you can still sign up. This meeting is open to MIA families from the Vietnam War, Korean War and WWII.
I will cover the Phoenix meeting and bring you up-to-date on the latest in the near future. Please stay connected.
Another important way to up your learning curve is to visit the National League of POW/MIA Families at www.pow-miafamilies.org. Dedicated to families with missing loved ones from the Vietnam War, Board Chair Ann Mills Griffiths has been in a leadership role for more than three decades and continues to oversee this very important organization. The League co-hosts a major annual meeting with DPAA in Washington, D.C., and each year MIA family members throughout the country attend, as I expect they will do so again in June, 2017. The League's site is a great place to learn everything you want to know about the annual meeting and a lot more.
Remembering Jerry…
Jerry and Craig at Beaufort, SC, shortly before his deployment to Vietnam.
If you have ever wondered why MIA families continue to search, wait and hope for the return of remains or information of a husband, son, brother or other loved one, still missing from the Vietnam War — my generation's war, I would offer this advice:
Make it personal and think of what it might feel like today if you lost someone you loved, after he/she went to war and never came home for burial or, in some cases, were classified as "Last Known Alive." Leaving families with the horror of not knowing if a loved one was dead or alive is a terrible fate — did he die in a make-shift prison camp; buried somewhere in Vietnam, Laos or Cambodia; or sent to a prison in Russia, China or Hanoi. Or, for that matter, are his remains still imprisoned in the cockpit of his aircraft, after being shot down in waters off the coast of Vietnam? Whatever the circumstances, the MIA tag, pertaining to our loved ones, is a life sentence for some families.
This is the only way I can possibly describe the profound sadness that stays with many of us, who rely upon DPAA and others involved in the effort to find our loved ones' remains or even to provide answers.
I believe that Vietnam War families are among the most committed and protective of their missing loved ones. Some of that can be traced back to the pain we experienced when the American public did not support the war, nor demonstrate compassion for our heroes who never came home — or for those that did!
Maybe this will give you some idea of why we do what we do. We don't wish this upon anyone.
REFLECTING ON THE HOLIDAYS
Christmas 2016 in San Diego. L-R Seated at Window: Elaine Zimmer Davis; Brett Davis; Alie Zimmer; Floor: Nick Zimmer, Bea Zimmer; Breeze Davis; Matt Zimmer; Craig Zimmer; Ron Davis
Newlyweds Brett & Jessica with Breeze
Holidays are special for most American families, including MIA families, but very difficult for those of us with loved ones still unaccounted for from past wars. Several years ago, I asked my immediate family if they would allow me to post our annual Christmas picture on Jerry's site, as a statement of solidarity for efforts to bring home his remains and those of other service members missing from the Vietnam War.
Despite not knowing what image would appear in print, from one year to another, my family has felt from the beginning that a picture is worth a thousand words, regardless of its quality — rather, it is the message that counts. Our story is that Jerry is loved and missed by his family, and we hope that his remains and those of other MIAs still unaccounted-for in Southeast Asia will be found and identified in 2017. Please say a pray — we need all the help we can get.
January 2009: Brett, Ron & Craig travel to Vietnam, hoping to visit Jerry's crash site. Although unable to visit the site, Craig and Brett learned a lot about Vietnam, the people and the culture.
I have been married to my second husband, Ron, for many years. Having served in the Vietnam War as a combat pilot flying Huey Gunships, I was confident that Ron would understand the importance of never forgetting Jerry, the father of my son, Craig, who was lovingly raised by Ron, along with our own son, Brett. Bringing home Jerry's remains eventually became a possibility and then a passionate quest.
In 2004, Ron and I were living in Hong Kong and traveled to Vietnam — my first visit in country and Ron's first since the war. Although it was a business trip this time for Ron, we both went with the hope of visiting Jerry's crash site.
Even though that visit 13 years ago was largely unsuccessful in terms of our immediate goal, it was the beginning of our quest to visit Jerry's site and hopefully bring home his remains. Without Ron's help, I probably would not have lasted more than six months, considering the psychological, physical and financial stress of our quest. He has guided me through a world that I thought I knew but was way out of my league.
YOUR CONTINUED SUPPORT IS IMPORTANT
The support of family, friends, veterans and our active duty military is appreciated. In many ways, all of you keep the system running at what we hope is "full" speed.
Our loved ones gave their lives for this great country. In return, we are asking that President Donald Trump, U. S. Congress and Secretary of Defense General James Mattis provide DPAA with a permanent Director; budget approval/resources to escalate recovery efforts in Southeast Asia; and exclusion from a hiring freeze because of the agency's military mission and structure.
DPAAs efforts to repatriate the remains of our MIAs to the United States are close to the finish line in Southeast Asia. Over the years, DPAA and its predecessors have worked hard to develop a strong relationship with the Vietnamese government — together we are making a difference in finding remains and becoming allies. We need to keep up the momentum.
Tags: 1st Lt Al Graf, 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing, Alie Zimmer. Matt Zimmer, Ann Mills Griffiths, Beatriz Zimmer, Brett Davis, Capt Jerry Zimmer, usmc, Col Jack Gagen USMC (Ret), Craig Zimmer, DoD, DPAA Deputy Director Mark Spindler, DPAA Principal Director Fern Sumpter Winbush, Dr. Tom Holland, F4 Phantom, Jessica Tavasti-Davis, Johnie Webb Outreach & Communications DPAA, Lt Col Ed Nevgloski, Lt Col Gene Mares (Ret), Lt Gen Thomas Conant USMC, LTC Patrick Keane, LtC Todd Emoto, Maj Gen Drew O'Donnell, Nick Zimmer, PACOM, Ron Davis, Ron Ward Casualty Resolution Specialist Det 2, Sgt Maj Anthony Spadaro, TBS 1-67, TBS 6-67; TBS 4-67, USA, USMC, VFW, Vietnam Veterans of America, Vietnam War


The auxiliary components of Iota Phi Lambda Sorority, Inc. aid in our sorority being a great fit for a family. Sorors can invite their family, friends and significant others to join in on their Iota journey. These groups participate in community service, chapter programs, and local activities.
The Pelatis are our lovely ladies in pink that support our local chapter programs and activities in a voluntary capacity.
The FILS (Future Iota Leaders) auxiliary is our group of young children who we groom into productive citizens through programs, workshops, activities and many interesting opportunities.
The MOI (Men of Iota) auxiliary are a group of men who support the efforts of our chapter. These men are relatives or significant others of the ladies within our organization.


From the Daisy Healing Stones collection, these sterling silver studs have a hexagon design. They feature a rose quartz stone which promotes feminine energy. Wear these with any outfit for a contemporary look.


Welcome the precious new addition with these colorful Sweet Baby Cardstock Stickers! In a sweet pastel color palette, these stickers feature a rattle, a bottle, a rocking horse, a pacifier, diaper pins, and more, as well as baby-themed words and phrases.
Perfect for handmade birth announcements, personalized greeting cards, baby shower invitations, and scrapbooks, these adorable stickers are sure to express the joys of your newfound parenthood.


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Biblia Arabica
The Bible in Arabic among Jews, Christians and Muslims
Comparing the translated sections in Yaʿaqūb al-Qirqisānī's Parashat Bereshit with those of R. Saʿadya Gaon
by Adrian Binder | posted in: Blog | 0
by Rachel Hasson
The Karaite Abū Yūsuf Yaʿqūb ibn Isḥāq al-Qirqisānī lived in the first half of the tenth century in Babylonia; he is indisputably considered knowledgeable and educated of stature. Unlike his contemporary R. Saʿadya Gaon, who composed a Tafsīr ("explanation") to the Torah that comprised a full and systematic translation of the biblical text, none of al-Qirqisānī's works include a continuous translation of entire Biblical verses, nor of Parashat Bereshit.[1] However, he has two commentaries on Parashat Bereshit: 1. Tafsīr Bereshit – his long commentary on Parashat Bereshit, a work that has survived partially in manuscripts. 2. A short commentary on Parashat Bereshit (included in Kitāb al-Riyāḍ wal-Ḥadāʾiq ("Book of Gardens and Parks"), which is a commentary on the non-legal parts of the Torah).[2] We may find partial translations of biblical verses or translations of individual words in these two works. Nevertheless, the examples are extremely limited.
Saʿadya's translation revolutionized the medieval Jewish tradition of Bible translation. While the pre-Saʿadyan tradition of Bible translation into Arabic had involved clinging to a literal translation based on parallels between the vocabulary and syntax of the biblical text and the Arabic translation, Saʿadya's translation reveals the adoption of independent Arabic structures especially in syntax, for example, preceding the verbal predicate to the subject (as opposed to Hebrew syntax). Saʿadya knew all these early experimental translations, of which he did not think very highly, and used them.[3]
In his writings, al-Qirqisānī mentions a treatise with the title al-Qawl ʿalā al-Tarjama ("Speech on Translation") – written by him, in which he, apparently, discussed his approach to biblical translation. This work, however, has not survived. Al-Qirqisānī comments on his preferred method of translation in his Kitāb al-Anwār wal-Marāqib ("Book of Lights and Watchtowers").[4] It emerges from these passages that he adhered to a literal method of translating the Bible. Al-Qirqisānī disparages expansive or interpretive translations like Targum Onkelos. In his opinion, the translator should distinguish between common phrases in the Bible, which must be translated literally, and unique words and phrases, which should be translated based on some interpretation.[5]
</div>T-S Ar.28.24 as an example for al-
T-S Ar.28.24 as an example for the commentaries of al-Qirqisānī. For scans of the commentary used as an example below, visit the digital library of the National Library of Israel.
Scholars believe that Saʿadya's commentaries on the Bible were studied in depth by al-Qirqisānī and even formed one of his sources for Tafsīr Bereshit.[6] My comparison of his translation units with those of Saʿadya's strengthens this claim. For example:
Genesis 1:3:
וַיֹּאמֶר אֱלֹהִים, יְהִי אוֹר; וַיְהִי-אוֹר
"And God said, 'Let there be light,' and there was light." (EST)
al-Qirqisānī (RNL Yevr.-Arab. I:1366, f.13r):
וקד זעם קום אן קו' ויאמר אלהים מענאה ואראד אללה נט'יר קו' ויאמר להשמידם אלדי מענאה ואראד יסתאצלהם וכדלך מה תאמר נפשך ואעשה לך פהדא יג'וז להם פי ג'מיע אלכ'ליקה חתי יבלג אלי קו' ויאמר אלהים נעשה אדם פיבטל מא אדעו אד כאן לא יג'וז אן יכון מענאה ואראד אללה יעמל אדמי
Translation: And some claim that its saying ויאמר אלהים means "and God wanted" like its saying ויאמר להשמידם (Psalms 106:23) that means "and he wanted to destroy them" and the same in מה תאמר נפשך ואעשה לך (1 Samuel 20:4), and this is permissible for them in all the (verses) of (the story of) creation until they reach its saying ויאמר אלהים נעשה אדם (Genesis 1:26) and that thwarts what they claim, because it is not permitted for that to mean "and God wanted that a human being be made."
Saʿadya:
ושא אללה אן יכון נור פכאן נור
Translation: and God wanted that there be light, and there was light.
Al-Qirqisānī states that there are those who claim that the meaning of the words וַיֹּאמֶר אֱלֹהִים is "God desired," as in the verse from Psalms 106:23— ויאמר להשמידם ("and desired to destroy them") and 1 Samuel 20:4 מַה תֹּאמַר נַפְשְׁךָ וְאֶעֱשֶׂה לָּךְ ("what doth thy soul desire, that I should do it for thee"). In his view, the biblical text can be understood in this manner throughout the creation story until reaching Genesis 1:26 ויאמר אלהים נעשה אדם ("And God said: Let us make man") as it is not possible that the verse says: 'God desired, Let us make man' but it should say: 'God said,' etc.
With these words al-Qirqisānī agrees with Saʿadya's interpretation. The latter translated Hebrew ויאמר "and he said" with שא (shāʾa) "he desired", which is identical in meaning to אראד (arāda = "he wanted"). At the same time he expresses his discontent with this translation. The connection between the works of the two commentators can also be seen in a manuscript that was identified by Moshe Zucker as a short version of Saʿadya's commentary to Bereshit 1: 1-14.[7] In this text Saʿadya quotes the same biblical verses from Psalms and 1 Samuel which al-Qirqisānī mentions in order to justify his translation of וַיֹּאמֶר as שא. It can be assumed that when al-Qirqisānī says זעם קום (zaʿama qawm = "some claim") in our example, he relates to Saʿadya, and his argument refers to Saʿadya's words.
וַיַּרְא אֱלֹהִים אֶת-הָאוֹר, כִּי-טוֹב; וַיַּבְדֵּל אֱלֹהִים, בֵּין הָאוֹר וּבֵין הַחֹשֶׁך
"And God saw that the light was good. And God separated the light from the darkness." (EST)
al-Qirqisānī (RNL Yevr.-Arab. II: 3266, ff. 3r-3v):
וראי אללה אן אלנור ג'יד ואפרז אללה בין אלנור ובין אלט'לאם פקולה וירא אלהים יעני אנה עלם אן אלנור צאלח ג'יד
Translation: and God saw that the light is good, and separated between the light and the darkness. And its saying וירא אלהים means that He (God) knew that the light is positive, good.
למא עלם אללה אן אלנור ג'ייד יפצל אללה בין אלנור ואלט'לאם
Translation: When God knew that the light is good, God differentiated between the light and the darkness.
In this example al-Qirqisānī indeed prefers to translate וַיַּרְא as ראי (raʾā), that is a literal representation of the word. Yet immediately after his translation, he brings in עלם (ʿalama), which is used in Saʿadya's translation, as a definitely possible meaning of וַיַּרְא. The two examples show a connection between al-Qirqisānī's commentaries on Genesis and Saʿadya's translation of Genesis. It could be that criticism appears in al-Qirqisānī's commentaries relating to Saʿadya's translation. As al-Qirqisānī translates literally and immediately afterwards explains himself (using the term יעני, yaʿnī = "that is/which means"), I propose that even if he supported literal translation of the Bible, in contrast with Saʿadya's translation method — he did not see any great significance to a translation without interpreting and detailing the meanings of the biblical text.[8]
Dr. Rachel Hasson is a teaching fellow in the program for Jewish-Arab Culture Studies at Ben Gurion University of the Negev. She is a Genizah researcher. Her main fields of interest are: al-Qirqisani's commentaries to Genesis, popular literature written in Judaeo-Arabic, intercultural relationships between Jews and Muslims in the Middle Ages, late Judaeo-Arabic and Arabic dialects.
* I would like to thank Prof. Haggai Ben-Shammai, Prof. Ronny Vollandt, Dr. David Sklare and Dr. Nathan Gibson who read an initial version of this blog contribution and drew my attention to several issues, I am deeply grateful for their corrections and constructive comments.
[1] Sklare, David. "Science and Biblical Exegesis in the Tenth Century: Ya'quv al-Qirqisani's 'Tafsir Bereshit'." Ginze Qedem 15 (2018): 67-88. [Hebrew]
[2] Some parts of this work have been preserved in manuscripts, but many others are still unknown (see ibid.).
[3] Ben Shammai, Haggai. Studies in the Philosophical and Exegetical Works of Saadya Gaon. Jerusalem, 2015, pp. 293, 440 [Hebrew]; Blau, Joshua and Hopkins, Simon. "The Buds of Biblical Interpretation in Judaeo-Arabic Based on the Book of Psalms." In Meir M. Bar-Asher et al. (eds.), A Word Fitly Spoken: Studies in Mediaeval Exegesis of the Hebrew Bible and the Qur'an: Presented to Haggai Ben-Shammai.Jerusalem, 2007, pp. 246 – 251 [Hebrew].
[4] This book is basically about the commandments but also includes Halachic and theological issues, a history of Jewish sects and polemics with Christianity and Islam.
[5] Polliack, Meira. "RASAG's Comprehension of Translating the Torah as Compared to the Karaite Concept." In J. Blau and D. Doron (eds.) Tradition and Change in the Judaeo-Arabic Culture of the Middle Ages. Ramat Gan 1999, pp. 191-201 [Hebrew]; "Medieval Karaite Views on Translating the Hebrew Bible into Arabic." Journal of Jewish Studies 47,1 (1996): 64-84.
[6] Hirschfeld, Hartwig. Qirqisani Studies, London 1918, p. 9; Chiesa, Bruno. "A New Fragment of al-Qirqisani's Kitab al-Riyad." Jewish Quarterly Review 78 (1988): 175-185.
On the pre-Saʿadyanic tradition of translating the Bible we can learn from the extensive corpus of surviving fragments of Judaeo-Arabic Bible-related texts written in phonetic spelling, published recently by Joshua Blau and Simon Hopkins. (Early Judaeo Arabic in Phonetic Spelling, vol. 1: General Introduction and Biblical Texts. Jerusalem 2017. [Hebrew])
[7] The text is found in Moshe Zucker's Rav Saadya Gaon's Translation of the Torah. New York, 1959 [Hebrew] in the introduction, p. lamed.
[8] Chiesa, Bruno. "The Interpretive Method of Abu Yūsuf Yaʿaqūb al-Qirqisānī." In Meir M. Bar-Asher et al. (eds.), A Word Fitly Spoken. pp. 297 – 299 [Hebrew]. Compare with Saʿadya's different attitude towards a separated translation and a translation that accompanies a commentary, see Ben Shammai, ibid, pp. 146 – 151, 310 – 314.
Arabic Bible, Arabic Bible Translations, Bible in Arabic, Bible Translations, Muslim Bible, Rachel Hasson, Saʿadya Gaon, Translations in Commentaries, Yaʿaqūb al-Qirqisānī
Judaeo-Arabic Bible Translation and the Tiberian Masoretic Tradition 11. August 2020
Travelling in Translation with Biblical Characters 14. July 2020
Do Arabic Gospel manuscripts matter for Textual Criticism? 3. March 2020
Shiʿite Muslim Exegesis of the Bible in Early Modern Iran: Sayyid Aḥmad ʿAlavī and His Interpretation of Elijah 4. February 2020
The Noetic Paradise and Biblia Arabica 9. January 2020
© 2021 Biblia Arabica. Maintained by the Biblia Arabica Munich team.


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Boutte
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Boutte is a census-designated place (CDP) in St. Charles Parish, Louisiana, United States.
Latitude: 29° 54' 8.75" N
Longitude: -90° 23' 17.30" W
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Academy of the Sacred Heart (New Orleans)
Academy of the Sacred Heart is an all-girls private, Roman Catholic high school in New Orleans, Louisiana. The school was founded in 1887. It is located in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New Orleans and is part of the network of Sacred Heart Scho…
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Waggaman, Louisiana
Waggaman is a census-designated place and unincorporated community in Jefferson Parish, Louisiana, United States. Waggaman is on the West Bank of the Mississippi River, within the New Orleans–Metairie–Kenner Metropolitan Statistical Area. The popula…
WYES-TV
WYES-TV, virtual channel 12 (VHF digital channel 11), is a PBS member television station located in New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. The station is owned by the Greater New Orleans Educational Television Foundation.
Mega Zeph
Mega Zeph is a roller coaster found at Six Flags New Orleans, in the Eastern New Orleans area of New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
Lutcher, Louisiana
Lutcher is a town in St. James Parish, Louisiana, United States, on the East Bank of the Mississippi River.
Louis Armstrong Park (New Orleans)
Louis Armstrong Park, formerly known as Beauregard Square, is a 32-acre (130,000 m2) park located in the Tremé neighborhood of New Orleans, Louisiana, just across Rampart Street from the French Quarter.
Hilton New Orleans Riverside
Hilton New Orleans Riverside, located at 2 Poydras Street in the Central Business District of New Orleans, Louisiana, is a 29-story, 341 feet (104 m)-tall skyscraper. The hotel is part of the Hilton Hotels chain. A portion of the building complex ov…
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Edgard, Louisiana
Edgard is a census-designated place (CDP) in and the parish seat of St. John the Baptist Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 2,637 at the 2000 census. It is part of the New Orleans–Metairie–Kenner Metropolitan Statistical Area.
WRNO (shortwave)
WRNO (also known as WRNO Worldwide) is a commercial shortwave radio station which began international broadcasting on February 18, 1982 and continued broadcasting through the early 1990s from Metairie, Louisiana.
Ogden Museum of Southern Art
The Ogden Museum of Southern Art is located in New Orleans, within the Central Business District adjacent to Lee Circle. It is associated with the University of New Orleans.
The New Orleans Botanical Garden is a botanical garden located in City Park, New Orleans, Louisiana.
New Basin Canal
The New Basin Canal, also known as the New Canal and the New Orleans Canal, was a shipping canal in New Orleans, Louisiana, from the 1830s through the 1940s.
Murphy Oil USA refinery spill
The Murphy Oil USA refinery spill is a spill that resulted from the failure of a storage tank at the Murphy Oil USA refinery and spoiled the flood-waters following the levee breaks of Hurricane Katrina in residential areas of Chalmette- and Meraux, …
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Gramercy is a town in St. James Parish, Louisiana, United States.
Florida Projects is a neighborhood and a housing project of the city of New Orleans. A subdistrict of the Bywater District Area, its boundaries as defined by the City Planning Commission are: Florida Boulevard to the north, Mazant Street to the east…
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CM Punk Returns On AEW Dynamite
AEW World Champion CM Punk made his return to AEW on the August 10th episode of AEW Dynamite.
The main event of the Quake by the Wake Dynamite special would see Interim AEW World Champion Jon Moxley put the title on the line against Chris Jericho. Moxley would retain the title by forcing Jericho to submit. Shortly after the match, members of the Jericho Appreciation Society would storm the ring and attack the Interim Champion.
Members of the Blackpool Combat Club and Eddie Kingston tried to even the odds, but the numbers game would prove to be too much. As it looked like Jericho was about to strike Moxley with the title, Cult of Personality would play through the arena.
CM Punk would come down to the ring and clear house, ending with both of the World Champions in the ring. Jon Moxley would flip off Punk and exit the ring, seemingly not as pleased with the return as the AEW fans in Minnesota. Punk would celebrate with the fans as Dynamite went off the air.
Punk, who won the title at the AEW Double or Nothing pay-per-view, announced that he was injured shortly afterwards. Jon Moxley would become the Interim World Champion at the Forbidden Door pay-per-view by defeating Hiroshi Tanahashi in the main event. With Punk now back in action, a match to unify the world titles will be taking place in the near future.
August 11, 2022 AlexNewsaew, All elite Wrestling, cm punk, Dynamite
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That be me at this point. I started working on this as a relaxing project from MCAT studies (took the test last week). I've been working on cleaning up my code for one final update that'll include a boss stage.
MCAT? Are you trying to get into med school? My sister just went to Med School and had her white coat ceremony! Good luck on the MCAT!


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Uncut Gems Dec 25, 2019 11:20:16 GMT -5
Post by StevePulaski on Dec 25, 2019 11:20:16 GMT -5
Uncut Gems (2019)
Directed by: Benny and Josh Safdie
Adam Sandler — like you've never seen him before — in Uncut Gems.
Uncut Gems begins with a visceral knockout of an opening scene, setting the tone for an absurd tragedy. It opens in an Ethiopian mine where a terrible accident has just occurred, leaving one miner without his lower leg. It was all in effort to obtain a rock containing opals, which shimmer to reveal what looks to be every color of the rainbow. The camera dives deep into the gemstones and reveals a hypnotic blend of kaleidoscopic colors before emerging back into the real world, with an intense closeup of a character's intestines during a colonoscopy. If there was an award for the best trick shot of the year in cinema, Uncut Gems would run away with it.
The aforementioned character is Howard Ratner (Adam Sandler), a charismatic but entirely unreliable businessman who runs a high-end jewelry store in Manhattan's Diamond District. He's also a degenerate gambler, risking money he often doesn't have on high-stakes bets that leave him with more people to pay back and without much time to do so. Loathed by his wife (Idina Menzel) but finding solace in a young woman/employee who is unnervingly obsessed with him (Julia Fox), he thinks he has the score of a lifetime when the rock of opals he ordered from Ethiopia arrives at his shop. It happens to be delivered on the same day Boston Celtics star Kevin Garnett waltzes into his store and is immediately taken with the object. Howard loans it to Garnett in lieu of the Celtics' mid-2010s playoff run against the Philadelphia 76ers, taking his championship ring as collateral. But Howard needs that rock back, for he believes it's worth north of $1 million; he, too, has an auction house ready to appraise and list it. Typically, Howard's plan goes awry, leaving him being hunted down by debt collectors, one of them his brother-in-law (Eric Bogosian).
From the jump, Uncut Gems is a cacophonous blend of aesthetics; a symphony of chaos set to a pulsating score packing a frenetic energy liable to leave you exhausted. It's Adam Sandler as you've never seen him before, in a story that entraps you in a seemingly never-ending array of commodities and transactions. It's the rare film that left me physically drained with its dizzying pace and left my palms moist from its unflinching focus on its down-and-out anti-hero, who could botch a cup of coffee if he was tasked to make it.
This shouldn't come as too much of a surprise, however. The Safdie brothers, Benny and Josh, showed they knew how to control an ostensibly uncontrollable narrative with Good Time. Moreover, they mined a terrific performance out of Robert Pattinson in that picture, and they do the same with Sandler. Sandler is a jittery, fast-talking, utterly unpredictable time-bomb of a character, marred in his own delusions of grandeur. He's an obivous gambling addict, always raising the stakes when there's no one else at the table. The few times he does hit big, he doubles down and makes an even more outlandish bet until he's right back where he started from. You know Sandler nails this performance based on one factor: you can never take your eyes off of him despite the Safdie brothers making everything around him so volatile.
This goes back to the cerebral use of aesthetics. At times, characters talk over each other, with sounds of nearby streets or other settings overlapping. Avant-garde/EDM musician Daniel Lopatin's score adds to the discombobulated audio while the frantic camerawork spins you around and turns ordinary encounters into lucid dreams (credit to cinematographer Darius Khondji for keeping it all coherent). You wind up losing yourself in a mix of noise, but you never find yourself lost in the story — that's what makes the Safdie brothers' work so strong.
Beyond Sandler, there's a litany of solid work here from many actors. Garnett proves to be an amiable screen presence, as does Lakeith Stanfield, working as Howard's trusty assistant who brings clients into his jewelry shop. We don't get a lot of Eric Bogosian sightings anymore — an actor/underrated monologist who struck a chord with me with his brilliant performance in Oliver Stone's Talk Radio many moons ago — and it's nothing short of satisfying seeing him play Howard's sympathetic yet impatient brother-in-law, who links up with local goons (Tommy Kominick, Judd Hirsch) in hopes to get Howard to pay his debts forward. New York talk radio host Mike Francesa and R&B superstar The Weeknd own their moments while doing their parts to top off one of the most eclectic casts of the year.
The Safdie brothers find themselves once again engrossed by the type of grimy character-pieces that defined much of the 1970s (early Pacino films like Cruising and Serpico come to mind). What's remarkable is that although their films are essentially ugly symphonies of contemptible laymen, sloshed with disorienting visuals, they still find ways to be topical and say something about our society. With all the black humor Uncut Gems provides, it shows a culture too consumed by the next potential big score. It's one hyper-focused on commodities, such as rocks with opals and diamond/gold-studded Furby chains, strung together by laughably convoluted, winding trails of transactions that leave some (namely Howard) broken, defeated, and ultimately hunted. This has been a year of a plethora of solid-to-mostly-good movies. It's terrific to end the year with one that's truly great.
Starring: Adam Sandler, Kevin Garnett, Idina Menzel, Julia Fox, Lakeith Stanfield, Tommy Kominick, Judd Hirsch, Eric Bogosian, Mike Francesa, and The Weeknd. Directed by: Benny and Josh Safdie.
Last Edit: Jan 5, 2020 17:16:21 GMT -5 by StevePulaski


There is where we spend a great part of our day and we want to have the best possible level of hygiene.
It is important to be free of all kinds of pollutants and not to burden our health.
With rooms and public areas it is important to ensure customer health.


text:
I.B.C.
Inside back cover (also called third cover).
Identification. A spot television commercial eight to ten seconds in length, during a station break; the last two seconds of the visual time may be reserved for showing the station call letters ("station identification"); a ten-second broadcast commercial announcement, sometimes referred to as a "ten".
I.F.C.
Inside front cover (also called second cover).
The extent and degree of consumer awareness of an advertisement within a specific medium, and the degree to which a medium and an ad within that medium affect the ad's audience.
The pressure of the blanket cylinder as it transfers the image to the paper in offset printing.
Each time a banner is displayed on a web page, it is counted as one "impression". If your banner was displayed 50 times in one day, 50 "impressions" were delivered. Also known as "ad views".
Broadcast term meaning to introduce or begin an audio effect – e.g.,bring in music here.
IN-COLOMN ADS
Ads run in the classified section of the newspaper, one column wide, without borders.
INDEPENDENT FIELD REPORT
Reports obtained by independent field service organizations under contract to a publisher.
INDEPENDENT STATION
A broadcast station that is not affiliated with a network.
A percentage showing the relationship of a set of numbers to a standard base. Shows propensity to be above the average (101 or greater), average (100), or below average (99 or less) of a particular demographic.
1. A page in a publication with contains name of publication, date of issue, frequency, serial number, publication office, subscription price and notice of entry to appear within first five pages of issue.
2. Markings on bulk mail that take the place of postage stamps, cancellations and postmarks.
INDIVIDUAL LOCATION
An outdoor location that has room only for one billboard.
INDUSTRIAL ADVERTISING
Advertising of capital goods, supplies, and services directed mainly to industrial or professional firms that require them in the course of manufacturing.
INITIAL AUDIT REPORT
The first audit made for a publication, may be for any consecutive six-month period.
INITIAL CAP
Large capital letter, often decorative, placed at the beginning of a chapter, letter, paragraph, and the like.
INK JET MESSAGES
Customized ink jet message available on reply cards, supplied inserts and printed advertising pages.
1. In letter or packages, an enclosure with information on the product and its uses or an advertising message.
2. In periodicals, a page or pages, printed completely or partially by the advertiser, or for him, and forwarded to the publisher, who bids it up in the publication; usually in colors and on heavier stock thant the periodical.
3. An extra negative put in some are of the main negative before printing and etching the plate.
4. New copy to be incorporated, in a story or other editorial matter.
INSERT (ACCORDION)
An advertisement not printed by the publisher, but inserted in a magazine, folded in such a way as to appear an accordion fold
INSERT (BOUND)
Are printed materials from a single advertiser bound into the magazine.
Insert possibilities: Total edition or parts thereof (single copy circulation, subscription circulation, Nielsen areas...).
INSERT (COUPON)
An IBM-type coupon attached to a carrier unit that is bound into the subscription copies of a magazine much like a normal page is inserted. Several configurations are availabe depending on the size of magazine, the manner in which it is bound, and the number of coupons to be carried.
INSERT (FREE-STANDING) (FSI)
A preprinted advertisement in single or multiple page form that is inserted loose into newspapers, particularly Sunday editions.
INSERT (GLUED)
Are affixed to the basic advertisement (min...page colour or b/w) in such a way that they can be easily removed. They can include:
(a) postcards or empty envelopes
(b) rectangular, unfolded printed matter as well as envelopes containing printed matter, folders and product samples in an airtight, flexible packaging...
(c) they can be use by more than one advertiser.
Insert possibilities: Total edition or parts thereof (single-copy circulation, subscription circulation, Nielsen areas...).
INSERT (HI-FI PREPRINTED)
A full-page, four-color gravure advertisement printed by a supplier in a coated newsprint and furnished to a newspaper in roll form for insertion in lieu of a page of standard newsprint. As the roll is fed into the newspaper, the newspaper prints normal editorial/advertising matter on the reverse side and, in some cases, a column of type next to the advertisement itself. The advertiser pays the supplier for producing the ad and the newspaper for distributing the ads (usually B&W space rates plus an insertion charge). Generally, the cost is twice as expensive as ROP color. Because there is no accurate cut-off on Hi-Fi pages, the copy and illustration has a repeating "wallpaper" design in order to insure full ad exposure.
INSERT (LOOSE)
Printed material loosely inserted in the magazine.
Co-op Supplements (loose inserts booked jointly by several advertisers).
Inserts possibilities: Total edition or parts thereof (single-copy circulation, subscription circulation, Nielsen areas...).
INSERT (PACKAGE)
Separate advertising material included in packaged goods.
INSERTER
Person who places preprints into newspapers; also referred to as a "stuffer".
An advertisement in a print medium.
Formal instruction from advertiser or advertising agency for medium owner (publisher) to run a specified advertisement at a certain time; such an order is under a contract for that (and other) space.
INSTALLMENT BILLING
Allowing a subscriber to pay in installments. Usually offered by magazines whose annual price tends to be perceived as high (weeklies, for instance) and frequently offered in direct mail agency (see definition) subscription promotions. Payments are not spread over the life of the subscription, but are collected in full during the first three to four months. Not to be confused with paid during service (see definition).
INSTITUTIONAL COPY
Advertising based not on product but on the advertiser's philosophy, certain services, etc. Sometimes calles "image advertising" – corporate advertising designed to highlight the superiority or desirable characteristics of the advertiser.
INTEGRATED COMMERCIAL
A broadcast advertising message that is delivered as part of the entertainment portion of a program.
INTERIM STATEMENT
Sworn circulation statement of a publisher made quarterly to the A.B.C. at the publisher's option and issued unaudited but subject to audit. A situation that might call for an interim statement would occur when a community served by more than one newspaper loses one of them through consolidation or discontinuance and its circulation is absorbed by the other newspaper.
INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS REPLY SERVICE (IBRS)
An international service available between reciprocating countries for postpaid business reply mail.
INTERNATIONAL MAIL MANUAL (IMM)
The comprehensive U.S. Postal Service guide to rules and regulations for international mailing, including requirements for specific countries.
INTERNATIONAL SURFACE AIR LIFT (ISAL)
A bulk service for printed matter and small packets provided by the U.S. Postal Service. ISAL service is available to approximately 125 countries, but it has a growing number of competitors.
A fulfillment report that is a computer print-out of all of a magazine's subscriptions, usually tabulated by expire issue, price, term or source, without individual names and addresses. Used for source analysis and budgeting. Not to be confused with inventories of promotional materials, which should be referred to as "stock".
INVENTORY PROFILE
A series of monthly inventories, summarized by source.
ISA/IPO
Acronym for introductory slotting allowance/introductory pocket offer. A one-time payment made to the retailer for display placement. Publishers have always paid these allowances. Recently, retailers also have asked wholesalers to pay them on some titles that they distribute.
ISLAND AD
Smaller than page size magazine advertisement printed in center of page with editorial material surrounding it.
ISLAND POSITION
Advertising location on page where it is completely surrounded by non-advertising matter, that is by editorial text, editorial illustration and/or margins and gutter.
A broadcast commercial that is scheduled away from any other commercial, with program content before and after; often at premium advertising rates.
ISOLATED 30
A 30-second broadcast commercial that runs by itself and not in combination with any other announcement; usually found only on network television.
All the copies of a newspaper, magazine or publication distributed at the same time and with the same date (date of issue).
ISSUE LIFE
The time during which a publication accrues its total readership. For a weekly, this is generally five weeks; for a monthly, three months.
Slanted variation of a roman typeface, designed to complement the roman face's letterforms; originally modeled after handwritten script of calligraphy.


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