text:
Court-Imposed Roadblocks: Timeliness for Motions for New Trial
Photo by Firesign on Flickr
Natalie Hurst, Associate Member, University of Cincinnati Law Review
Ohio Criminal Rule 33 ("Crim. R. 33" or "Rule 33") sets the guidelines for when and how a criminal defendant can file a motion for a new trial.[1] Because the guarantee to a fair trial is found in the Ohio Constitution and the U.S. Constitution,[2] a criminal defendant in Ohio may file a motion for a new trial if his or her substantial right to a fair trial has been materially affected in some way.[3] One basis for a new trial is when a defendant discovers new evidence that he or she was unable to discover before that could potentially have changed the outcome of the trial.[4] Though defendants have a right to file a motion for new trial on the basis of newly discovered evidence, Ohio courts have imposed various conflicting filing deadlines that prevent defendants from having their motions heard on the merits. The Ohio Supreme Court ("the Court") should resolve the jurisdictional split and put an end to the uncertainty these varying interpretations cause for criminal defendants seeking new trials based on newly discovered evidence.
A. The Rule on its Face
Crim. R. 33(A) allows a criminal defendant to file a motion for new trial in six specific situations.[5] The last context to justify a motion for a new trial is set forth in 33(A)(6): "when new evidence is discovered that the defendant could not have discovered with reasonable diligence and produced at trial."[6] Although every other 33(A) motion must be filed within fourteen days of the verdict, there is a different filing requirement for newly discovered evidence under Crim. R. 33(A)(6).[7] Crim. R. 33(B) provides:
Motions for new trial on account of newly discovered evidence shall be filed within one hundred twenty days after the day upon which the verdict was rendered, or the decision of the court where trial by jury has been waived. If it is made to appear by clear and convincing proof that the defendant was unavoidably prevented from the discovery of the evidence upon which he must rely, such motion shall be filed within seven days from an order of the court finding that he was unavoidably prevented from discovering the evidence within the one hundred twenty day period.[8]
When new evidence has been discovered under Crim. R. 33(A)(6), a motion for new trial may be filed within 120 days after the verdict.[9] However, a defendant is not entirely out of luck after the 120-day period. A defendant may ask the court's permission to file a motion for new trial, also known as a motion for leave.[10] The motion for leave must give clear and convincing proof that the defendant was unavoidably prevented from discovering the evidence.[11] If the court finds the defendant has met this burden, the defendant may then file a motion for new trial within seven days of that finding.[12] This exception for newly discovered evidence reflects the reality that defendants are unlikely to find new evidence within 120 days after their trial, as the discovery of new evidence depends on a variety of time-consuming variables—such as new witnesses coming forward, a witness later recanting his or her testimony, etc.[13]
Thus, Crim. R. 33(B) provides just two deadlines for motions for new trials based on newly discovered evidence. On the one hand, a defendant may file a motion for a new trial anytime within 120 days of the verdict. On the other hand, after the 120 days, the defendant must first file a motion for leave to file a motion for a new trial. If the court rules in response that the defendant was unavoidably prevented from discovering the evidence within the 120-day period, the defendant may then file a motion for a new trial within seven days after the court's order. Crim. R. 33(B) does not set a filing deadline for how soon after discovering new evidence a defendant must file a motion for leave. There is no language requiring a defendant to file a motion for leave within a specific or "reasonable time" after discovering new evidence. The rule only requires a final motion for new trial to be filed seven days after a judge has ruled that a defendant was unavoidably prevented from discovering new evidence. Despite what some judicial interpretations indicate, the rule does not say "once a defendant has discovered new evidence, the defendant must file for leave within a reasonable time."
B. The Rule in Practice
Though the text of Rule 33 imposes no deadline for a motion for leave based on newly discovered evidence, Ohio courts have read in requirements relating to timeliness and diligence.[14] Various courts interpret this statute differently. For example, some courts require a defendant to file a motion for leave to file a motion for new trial within a reasonable time after discovering the evidence (though they provide no clear guidance for how much time is reasonable), but some jurisdictions do not speak to this issue at all.[15]
In the initial years following the enactment of Crim. R. 33 in 1973, courts did not impose this requirement for defendants to file a motion for leave within a reasonable time after discovering new evidence.[16] Just four years after the rule's enactment, a 1977 concurring opinion from the Eighth District Court of Appeals mentioned that "Criminal Rule 33 does not place a time restriction upon when motions applying for a court order finding unavoidable prevention may be made."[17] As late as 1993, the Fourth District reaffirmed that "Crim.R.33(B) does not provide a time limit for filing a motion for leave" to file a delayed motion for new trial after the discovery of new evidence outside of the 120-day window.[18]
The jurisdictional split began in 1997, when some courts began to require defendants to file a motion for leave to file a motion for new trial within a reasonable time after discovering new evidence.[19] Courts did not cite any explanation or precedent for the new "reasonable time" element. For example, in the 1997 case State v. Nicholson, the Eighth District overturned a trial court order that had granted a motion for leave.[20] Although the defendant allegedly discovered new evidence (a witness recantation) within a year after his conviction, the defendant did not file his motion for new trial for another three years.[21] The court found no explanation for this "additional delay" between discovering the new evidence and filing.[22] Based on the lack of explanation for the delay, the court overturned the motion because of the defendant's perceived lack of diligence.[23]
In the same year, the Eighth District expanded its new "reasonable time" precedent found in Nicholson.[24] In State v. Stansberry, the appellate court held that if there was a delay in filing a motion for leave after discovering the evidence, then "the trial court must determine if the delay was reasonable under the circumstances or that the defendant has adequately explained the reason for the delay."[25] The court hypothesized that if there was not a reasonable time standard, defendants would wait to file a motion for leave so that witnesses would no longer be available or evidence would be degraded in some way, thus limiting the state's ability to retry the case.[26]
Following the Eighth District's new precedent, appellate courts throughout Ohio have found that "most courts" have the discretion to rule on a motion for leave based on whether the defendant filed the motion for leave to file a motion for new trial "within a reasonable time after discovering the evidence."[27] The result of this "reasonable time" inquiry leads to varying results from district to district. For example, in State v. Tubbs, the Second District determined that a defendant's six-month delay in filing a Rule 33 motion after discovering new evidence was unreasonable.[28] Compare Tubbs to State v. Bentley, where the Eleventh District determined that the defendant's five-year delay was reasonable.[29] There are numerous examples of the Ohio appellate courts widely interpreting the court-imposed "reasonable time" standard, such as the following: the Fifth District held that a ten-month delay to be unreasonable,[30] the Sixth District found that a 13-month delay is unreasonable,[31] the Seventh District determined a 9-year delay to be unreasonable,[32] the Eighth District found a four-year delay unreasonable,[33] and the Twelfth District found a five-year delay unreasonable.[34] Courts have made various determinations as to timing that is unreasonable, but no court has defined what amount of time exactly is reasonable or what amount of time is "too much" and, thus, unreasonable. Moreover, courts indicate that defendants may overcome this timing requirement if there is an "adequate explanation" for the "reasonable delay," but the courts have not defined what makes up an "adequate explanation."[35]
As it currently stands, the court-imposed "reasonable time" standard for filing Rule 33(B) motions is arbitrary and unfairly prejudices criminal defendants seeking their right to at least have their motion for new trial heard on the merits. The courts' varying timeliness standards force defendants to choose between either (1) filing their motion for leave quickly and more "timely" without due diligence or a thorough investigation into the new evidence or (2) diligently investigating the merits of the new evidence and possibly facing procedural roadblocks. However, as demonstrated by the courts' varying determinations of what is an "unreasonable" delay, both defendants who file quickly and defendants who take time to investigate before filing may still be denied leave based on a lack of "reasonable" time between the discovery of new evidence and filing. Moreover, regardless of when a defendant files for leave to file a Crim. R. 33 motion, the State almost always opposes it on grounds that there was an "unreasonable delay."
To understand this issue, consider this hypothetical: a criminal defendant has been convicted for an assault he claims he did not commit. The only evidence against him at trial was the testimony of the victim identifying him as the perpetrator (there is no physical or DNA evidence). More than 120 days after the verdict is delivered, a stranger, whom the defendant had no way of knowing, contacts the defendant. The stranger provides information that he was present when the victim was assaulted, so the stranger knows the defendant does not match the description of the actual perpetrator. The stranger gives an affidavit swearing that the defendant was not the perpetrator of the crime. In this scenario, the defendant has just discovered new evidence that could be the basis for a new trial under Rule 33, so the "reasonable time" to file clock has begun ticking.
The defendant hires counsel and gives them the affidavit. Counsel has an obligation to investigate a case fully before filing to ensure that claim is meritorious and not frivolous,[36] so counsel spends time locating and interviewing the stranger and confirming his claims. For a variety of reasons, it could take months or even years to fully investigate a claim (e.g., difficulty locating witnesses and obtaining statements, delays in locating documents, etc.). After diligently investigating the claim and preparing the filing, counsel files a motion for leave to file a motion for new trial—explaining that the defendant was unavoidably prevented from discovering the stranger's evidence within the 120-day window. Depending on the trial court's determination, the defendant may have waited "too long" to file this motion after the stranger contacted him. Courts have different interpretations of how much time is reasonable or unreasonable. So, even though the defendant in this hypothetical did his due diligence in investigating the claim, he could still be punished by not having his claim heard on the merits—simply because trial courts are allowed to impose arbitrary "reasonable time" requirements on these filings that are not found in the rule.
Furthermore, the reasoning for court-imposed "reasonable time" standards is meritless. Though the Stansberry court identified the reasoning behind this court-imposed standard as preventing unfair prejudice to the State's ability to retry cases,[37] the true prejudice is towards the defendant. The rationale in Stansberry defies common sense—it requires believing that a criminal defendant will sit on new evidence for the small chance that the evidence will degrade (likely a witness will die or their memory will fade) before filing, just to make it harder for the State to retry the defendant. Criminal defendants likely do not intentionally stay in prison longer than necessary when they have potentially liberating information.
Moreover, this court-imposed deadline disadvantages criminal defendants who seek to file a motion for new trial on the basis of newly discovered evidence. Because defendants do not have concrete guidelines for the timing of their filings for new trial, they are punished if they take "too much" time to investigate and diligently prepare their filings. Defendants are left guessing and hoping that they file in a "diligent" and "timely" way, though it is ultimately left to the discretion of the trial judge—even though Rule 33 does not require this determination. The effect is that criminal defendants can be denied the right to at least a hearing on the merits of their newly discovered evidence based on "reasonable time" filing requirements not found in the rule.
The Ohio Supreme Court can and should address this issue. To date, the Court has refused to hear the appeals that have raised this issue. However, lower courts continue to dismiss defendants' claims for new trials on the court-imposed procedural grounds that vary from district to district. For the sake of uniformity and fairness, the Court should provide guidance. The Court could do this in two ways: (1) by overturning the various court-imposed "reasonable time" standards or (2) by creating a bright-line rule in the form of a time limit to file a Crim. R. 33(B) motion after discovering new evidence.
Under the first solution, the Court can recognize that Crim. R. 33(B) imposes no deadline for when a defendant must file a motion for leaveafter discovering new evidence. This would not limit trial courts' broad discretion in determining the merits of a defendant's claim—it would simply put the courts' discretion into the scope intended by Rule 33. Rule 33 intends for a judge to hold a hearing on the motion for leave to determine if the defendant meets the "unavoidably prevented" standard, not to dismiss the motion for timing issues. This solution would no longer prevent a defendant's otherwise meritorious motion for leave from being dismissed on court-imposed procedural grounds.
Under the second solution, the Court could resolve the various jurisdictional interpretations of the court-imposed "reasonable time" standard in favor of a uniform standard. The Court could provide a "statute of limitations"-like deadline for when a defendant must file a Rule 33 motion for leave after discovering new evidence. This solution removes uncertainty by providing defendants with bright line guidance. For example, if the Court imposed a one-year deadline, defendants and their counsel would know to wrap up their diligent investigations and file for leave before one year had passed.
Ohio courts will continue to impose arbitrary "reasonable time" requirements on defendants who file Crim. R. 33 motions for new trial based on newly discovered evidence. Defendants will continue to be disadvantaged by this practice. For the sake of uniformity and fairness, the Ohio Supreme Court should settle this issue either by staying true to the text of Rule 33, which does not require a filing deadline, or by setting a clear deadline.
[1] Ohio Crim. R. 33 (2020).
[2] Ohio Const. Art. I §5; U.S. Const. amend. VI.
[3] See e.g., State v. McCoy, 2003-Ohio-1802, ¶¶10-11 (Ohio Ct. App. 2003).
[4] Ohio Crim. R. 33(A)(6) (2020).
[5] Ohio Crim. R. 33(A)(1)-(6) (2020). See also, the examples discussed in McCoy, 2003-Ohio-1802 at ¶11.
[7] Ohio Crim. R. 33(B) (2020). There is an exception for filing outside of the 14-day window under any of the reasons given in 33(A)(1)-(5) if the defendant was deemed to have been unavoidably prevented from filing within the 14-day window for some reason.
[8] Id. (emphasis added)
[12] Ohio Crim. R. 33(B) (2020).
[13] See e.g., Maitreya Badami, Why Do Exonerations Take So Long?, Santa Clara School of Law Blog (Nov. 7, 2016), https://law.scu.edu/experiential/northern-california-innocence-project/why-do-exonerations-take-so-long/. This article discusses how exonerations take an average of 11 years after conviction due to a variety of time-consuming variables.
[14] E.g., State v. Tubbs, 2016-Ohio-842, ¶17 (Ohio Ct. App. 2016).
[15] See e.g., State v. Thomas, 93 N.E.3d 227, 229 (Ohio Ct. App. 2017) (First District decision citing to decisions from the Second, Fourth, Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Districts).
[16] E.g., State v. Kiraly, 381 N.E.2d 649, 660-61 (Ohio Ct. App. 1977) (Krenzler, J., concurring); State v. Pinkerman, 623 N.E.2d 643, 645 (Ohio Ct. App. 1993).
[17] Kiraly, 381 N.E.2d at 660-61 (Krenzler, J., concurring).
[18] Pinkerman, 623 N.E.2d at 645.
[19] See e.g., State v. Nicholson, 1997 Ohio App. LEXIS 1751, *9-10 (Ohio Ct. App. 1997).
[21] Id. at *11-12.
[24] State v. Stansberry, 1997 Ohio App. LEXIS 4561 (Ohio Ct. App. 1997).
[25] Id. at *9.
[27] State v. Armengau, 2017-Ohio-197, ¶16 (Ohio Ct. App. 2017).
[28] Tubbs, 2016-Ohio-842 at ¶17.
[29] State v. Bentley, N.E.3d 180, 185 (Ohio Ct. App. 2016).
[30] State v. Hill, 2020-Ohio-4050, ¶¶24-25 (Ohio Ct. App. 2020).
[31] State v. Clyde, 2019-Ohio-302, ¶20 (Ohio Ct. App. 2019).
[32] State v. Parks, 2018-Ohio-3975, ¶14 (Ohio Ct. App. 2018).
[33] State v. Kimbrough, 2005-Ohio-1320, ¶18 (Ohio Ct. App. 2005).
[34] State v. Barnes, 1999 Ohio App. LEXIS 6421, *8 (Ohio Ct. App. 1999).
[35] See e.g., Stansberry, 1997 Ohio App. LEXIS 4561 at *9.
[36] Ohio R. of Prof. Conduct 3.1 (2020).
Natalie Hurst-Rollins
Natalie Hurst-Rollins thoroughly enjoyed her time as a part of the UC Law Review. Natalie loves writing, so it was rewarding to get to write about whatever interested her! Natalie wrote on a variety of topics, including: incarcerated individuals' rights under the Fair Labor Standards Act, a person's right to privacy in their trash, and the antiquated name change process in Ohio. After graduating, Natalie will be practicing as a public defender. Her ultimate goal is to practice post-conviction appellate work, so she knows her time writing for UCLR will serve her well.
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Incidents/2017-04-27 archiva
< Incidents(Redirected from Incidents/20170427-archiva)
2 Timeline
4 Actionables
The archiva.wikimedia.org suffered an intermittent unavailability due it's public IP being stolen by another host between 20:26 and 21:56.
20:26 The partially decommissioned host gadolinium boot up and used it's old configuration that had the same public IP used by archiva.wikimedia.org (208.80.154.73), making the IP flapping between it's legit owner meitnerium and gadolinium, causing the intermittent unavailability of the archiva.wikimedia.org service.
21:48 Riccardo starts investigating.
21:56 Riccardo shut down the old decommissioned host gadolinium to stop the outage.
22:02 Rob opened a task for the full decommissioning of gadolinium: T164036
Despite the large number of alarms on IRC due to the flapping nature of the event, no one was around to have a look at it for a long time. On the other hand, none of the alarms that went off triggered a page to the operations team.
The decommissioned host gadolinium boot up for reasons not yet clear.
The decommissioned host gadolinium was not fully decommissioned in the past, so when booting up, it still had it's full configuration, that in this case was having the same public IP already announced by another host.
Actionables
Investigate to know why gadolinium boot up in the first place.
It was booted up to troubleshoot T158131. It seems whenever this host was returned to spares, it didn't have its switch port disabled, or disks wiped.. Since it was not disabled, when the system booted up, it had full access to the network. The Server_Lifecycle steps are clear on the checklist being used for all reclaim and decommissions, so this shouldn't happen in the future, this host was likely offline and sitting from prior to the checklist implementation.
Fully decommission gadolinium: T164036
Improve our alarming to ensure a shorter response time, potentially adding alarms via email and/or improving the ones that page.
Improve our procedures around decommissioned hosts to ensure that:
they are fully decommissioned as soon as possible
they are isolated network wise, in particular if they need to stay racked with their data untouched for backup/recovery reasons
they are clearly marked as decommissioned in racktables: T164042
Retrieved from "https://wikitech-static.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Incidents/2017-04-27_archiva&oldid=588288"
Incident documentation

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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The Queen Is Heckled While Visiting Victims Of The Grenfell Tower Fire
The Queen has been heckled by a member of the public while visiting survivors of the Grenfell Tower fire.
Her Majesty was joined by Prince William as the pair visited a relief centre where people left homeless are being looked after following Wednesday's devastating fire.
Their visit came just moments before police confirmed the death toll of the blaze had risen to at least 30.
As the Queen completed her trip to the Westway Sports Centre and returned to her car, a man was filmed by LBC heckling her.
Picture: PA/LBC
"What about our children", the man can be heard shouting.
"Queen! Come here! We want to see you," he adds as the Queens returns to her 4x4.
The fire service is continuing its room by room search of the burnt-out tower block.
Firefighters say a "good half" of the building is yet to be search in detail as many relatives continue to desperately look for loved ones.
Picture: PA
The Prime Minister, who has been criticised for not talking to the victims, has been to see the injured in hospital.
She will also be chairing what's described as a "cross-Whitehall meeting" from Downing Street this afternoon in response to the disaster.


The Somalian refugee who wounded 11 in an attack at Ohio State complained in a recent campus interview about the treatment of Muslims and expressed fear of a Donald Trump presidency, it was reported Wednesday.
Kevin Stankiewicz, a student journalist for the college newspaper, said he interviewed Abdul Razak Ali Artan on the first day of school and got an earful about American stereotypes of Muslims.
Authorities say Artan, 18, plowed his car onto the campus Monday and then slashed at passersby with a butcher knife before being shot dead by a campus cop.
Stankiewicz said it was "chilling" to learn the engaging business student had carried out the attack.
"My heart sank; that thoughtful, engaged student I had met on the first day of classes had snapped. He had tried to kill people," Stankiewicz wrote in the Washington Post.
Stankiewicz recalled he interviewed Artan in August for 20 minutes for an article about new students. "He told me about his family fleeing Somalia when he was about 10 years old — including fuzzy memories of his native, war-torn land — and then about living for years in Pakistan and how much he enjoyed it," Stankiewicz wrote.
"He bemoaned what he felt were Western misconceptions about Pakistan: 'It's not like people believe,'" wrote Stankiewicz, adding Artan told him that when he came to the US as a refugee, he spent time in Dallas, Texas, before moving to Columbus, which has a large Somali expat community.
The FBI reported Wednesday it believed Artan received "inspiration" for the attack that left 11 wounded by watching Anwar al-Awlaki and ISIS videos.


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The year women refused to stay silent, tossed their bras and redefined politics
On the Atlantic City Boardwalk, demonstrators, some waving high heels or underwear, protest the Miss America pageant on Sept. 7, 1968. The protest, organized by the New York Radical Women group, aimed to highlight the pageant's "objectification of women, treating them as meat, treating them as sex objects." (Getty Images)
By Karen Heller
Karen Heller
National general features writer for Style
Everything was discussed, no topic deemed taboo: reproductive rights, abortion, orgasms, workplace inequality, financial disparity, relationships, rape, the harassment they faced daily walking down the street.
The modern women's movement began the way women have long come together, meeting in living rooms across the country to share their lives and issues. "Consciousness-raising groups" planted the seeds of protest. Women met monthly or weekly, the gatherings formed largely through word of mouth. Sometimes coffee and cake were served. Personal stories, always.
The groups often sat in a circle, each woman getting a chance to tell her story. Susan Brownmiller, who would write the seminal book on rape, "Against Our Will," told her group that she had had three illegal abortions. Peggy Dobbins shared that, as an unwed mother, she had given up an infant for adoption. "The personal is political" became the message.
The year 1968 was the moment when women took the message and the movement out of their homes and onto the streets.
Consciousness-raising "changed my life," says activist and writer Alix Kates Shulman, who was married with two children in 1968. "I was trying to graciously accept my fate that my work life was over. The movement was an explanation of all my discontents."
"If you spoke your personal experience, you discovered it was shared. If it was shared, it was social," says Dobbins, a sociologist who was active in the movement. "And if it was social, it was political. And if it was political, you could do something about it."
"It was happening spontaneously all over the country," says Amy Kesselman, who belonged to a group in Chicago. "We exploded the definition of politics."
Fifty years ago, abortion was illegal. The pill and the IUD made sex safer but also shifted the burden onto women to make sure they didn't get pregnant. The working world remained largely separate and unequal. Want ads were frequently listed by gender ("Wanted World's Best Looking Exec Secretary"). A woman often couldn't get credit cards or a checking account without her husband's signature. Twelve women served in Congress, and not one in Lyndon Johnson's Cabinet or on the Supreme Court.
The term "feminist" had yet to widely enter the vernacular. Neither had "sexist"; the invective of choice was "male chauvinist pig."
Jeanette Rankin, 87, a former congresswoman from Montana and a lifelong pacifist, holds a news conference in Washington on Jan. 13, 1968, to discuss plans for a Vietnam War protest near the Capitol two days later. (Harvey Georges/AP)
In January of that combustible year, 5,000 women marched against the Vietnam War in Washington, calling themselves the Jeannette Rankin Brigade. Rankin, then 87, had been the first woman elected to Congress, in 1916 and again in 1940. She was a dyed-in-her-wool-suit pacifist who had voted against America's entry into both world wars. Rankin marched in all black, the Evening Star reported, "from her boots to her hairnet."
The brigade moved to the Shoreham Hotel for post-march meetings, where a group of about 200 younger, mostly college-educated women separated from the larger conclave. They complained that the protest had cast them in the roles of "tearful and passive reactors to the actions of men," the late Shulamith Firestone wrote.
At the hotel, they carried a coffin symbolizing the "Burial of Traditional Womanhood." Kathie Sarachild read an oration: "Yes, sisters, we have a problem as women all right, a problem which renders us powerless and ineffective over the issues of war and peace, as well as over our own lives."
These women, many veterans of the civil rights and antiwar movements, had discovered that younger men, even the scruffy long-haired radicals, were as opposed to gender equality as their fathers were.
"Our brothers in that world wanted us to make coffee, not policy," says activist and writer Robin Morgan, a member of New York Radical Women. "Out of that grew this tremendous anger. There was a feeling of betrayal on the left that was enormous and heartbreaking."
Thus was born, nearly 50 years after women got the vote, the second wave of feminism.
A beauty of a protest
How to make their message known?
"It popped into my head that the pageant might be something good to protest because it was very popular at the time and helped set appearance standards for all women," recalls Carol Hanisch, also a member of New York Radical Women.
In 1968, Miss America represented the Super Bowl of beauty; almost two-thirds of all televisions in use were tuned to the pageant. It was the perfect event.
The protest was the movement's first big media moment, and it was carefully planned.
About 100 women flocked to Atlantic City on Sept. 7, arriving at midday and marching all afternoon. Many came from New York by bus, but protesters also traveled from Washington; Gainesville, Fla.; Detroit; and Bancroft, Iowa. Most of the women were in their 20s and early 30s, but some were accompanied by their mothers and grandmothers. The group included lawyer Flo Kennedy and other black activists.
Bev Grant, who would become a musical performer and remain an activist, took photos and shot film. Dobbins created a life-size Miss America puppet and strutted along the boardwalk like a carnival barker: "Yes, sirree, boys, step right up. How much am I offered for this No. 1 piece of prime American property? She sings in the kitchen, hums at the typewriter, purrs in bed." Their signs read "Up Against the Wall, Miss America" and "We Shall Not Be Used."
In Atlantic City, women threw — but, contrary to lore, did not incinerate — bras. (Officials prohibited having a fire on the boardwalk.) Also girdles, makeup, high heels, girlie mags, all deemed "instruments of female torture." They were tossed into the "Freedom Trash Can." The protesters passed out leaflets — mimeographed literature was a hallmark of the movement — while a large crowd gathered; some taunted the protesters, though Morgan recalls "how friendly the bystanders were."
A member of the Women's Liberation Party drops a bra into a trash bin to protest the Miss America pageant in Atlantic City on Sept. 7, 1968. The demonstration "felt very joyous and free," says Helen Kritzler. (AP)
Saundra Williams, center, was crowned the first Miss Black America on Sept. 8, 1968. "Black people had been brainwashed that black was ugly. We wanted to turn that concept around," the pageant's promoter said. (AP)
But the myth of bra-burning stuck. Critics jumped all over the idea, labeling the women hairy-legged and humorless. But the participants had a ball. "It felt very joyous and free," says Helen Kritzler.
The protesters rented a sheep, which sported a "Miss America" banner and bow. (It was a boom time for barnyard animals: A week earlier at the Democratic National Convention in Chicago, the Yippies nominated a pig, dubbed Pigasus, for president.) They refused to speak to male reporters, viewing the protest as an opportunity for female journalists to get the byline on a story of consequence, something that didn't run in the society pages.
Miss America "was a way of reaching the whole country," Shulman says, to show what the pageant represented: "The objectification of women, treating them as meat, treating them as sex objects. And the racism in the pageant."
In the 1930s, the Miss America pageant instituted a rule that "contestants must be of good health and of the white race." Though the rule didn't appear after 1950, almost two decades later the pageant had yet to include a single African American contestant.
A few blocks down the boardwalk, Philadelphia promoter J. Morris Anderson sought to remedy the injustice by producing the first Miss Black America pageant. "It was an act of protest. Black people had been brainwashed that black was ugly. We wanted to turn that concept around," says Anderson.
"It was a time we came together as a community to fight for justice and economic and racial pride," says Saundra Williams-Stovall, who was crowned the first pageant winner. (Two years later, the first black contestant would compete in Miss America. The Miss Black America pageant is still in operation and will celebrate its 50th anniversary in August.)
Demonstrators from the National Women's Liberation Party protest the Miss America pageant in front of the Convention Hall in Atlantic City on Sept. 7, 1968. (AP)
Meanwhile, to get into the Convention Hall, the protesters "dressed up in high heels, the very sort of shoes we had thrown in the Freedom Trash Can," Sarachild says. While reigning Miss America Debra Dene Barnes delivered her farewell address, a dozen protesters seated in the balcony unfurled a "Women's Liberation" banner inked on a bedsheet and began yelling "No more Miss America!" (The banner didn't appear on television: NBC's cameras never turned from the runway to capture the unscripted moment.)
A beauty pageant, of all places, would be where the phrase "women's liberation" first gained national attention.
Inside the hall, Dobbins sprayed Toni Home Permanent, a hair product made by a pageant sponsor, "on the floor at people's feet" and was arrested. "I watched the end of the pageant from jail with women who have been arrested for demanding cash for sexual services."
Most of the protesters were elated. "It put us on the map in a way that was much larger than we had been before," Shulman says. "I thought it was a triumph."
"The best fun I can imagine anyone wanting to have on any single day of her life," Kennedy, now deceased, wrote in her 1976 memoir. "It was very brazen and very brash."
But at least one demonstrator had regrets. "One of the biggest mistakes of the whole pageant was our anti-womanism," Hanisch wrote weeks later, a view she still holds. "Miss America and all beautiful women came off as our enemy instead of as our sisters who suffer with us."
Stagnation and regression
Calling themselves the Jeannette Rankin Brigade, after the first woman elected to Congress, 5,000 women came to Washington to protest the Vietnam War on Jan. 15, 1968. At meetings after the march, a smaller group spoke against what they saw as women's subservient role in society — "a problem which renders us powerless and ineffective over the issues of war and peace, as well as over our own lives." (Associated Press)
That year saw the birth of other women's groups, including Redstockings and W.I.T.C.H. (Women's International Terrorist Conspiracy from Hell). The latter group cast a guerrilla-theater hex on Wall Street that Halloween. Two years later on New York's Fifth Avenue, to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the 19th Amendment, which gave women the vote, an estimated 50,000 women participated in the Women's Strike for Equality. And in 1972, Congress approved the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to help end gender discrimination in the workplace.
Many second-wave feminists, now in their 70s and 80s, remain politically active. They've lived long enough to see more women elected to Congress, Hillary Clinton run for president and two successive years of massive global marches for women's rights.
They've also witnessed what they view as stagnation for their issues: pervasive sexual harassment, women earning less than men, too few women in leadership positions and not enough affordable child care, especially for low-income families. The ERA has yet to be ratified by the required three-fourths of all states (but some legislatures are bringing it up for a vote again).
Instead of girdles, there are Spanx. High heels have grown even higher. Miss America may no longer be the icon she once was, but the fashion industry, advertising and social media continue to promote unattainable standards of beauty.
"I think of the #MeToo movement as a continuation of consciousness-raising, a resurfacing," Shulman says. "With Trump's election, the movement has been reborn. Our early movement was full of rage. These women are very angry. It takes another upsurge of anger to get a movement going."
Hanisch observes less progress. "In some areas, like abortion, we are going backward, partly due to a big backlash against the gains women have won," she notes. "We'll never have true women's liberation until we restructure society so that men and society as a whole share equally in what is now 'women's work' and women share equally in the public work and governance of society."
"All freedom struggles, including women's liberation, are learning processes," Sarachild says. "You advance, then you get pushed back."
Movements take time, the early feminists argue. "Radical change, creating gender equality, can't occur overnight," Dobbins says. "Lord heavens, it's only been 50 years."
Karen Heller Karen Heller is national general features writer for Style. She joined The Washington Post in 2014, and reports on a wide array of subjects, including popular culture, politics, cultural differences and profiles. She was previously a metro columnist for the Philadelphia Inquirer, where she reported on popular culture, politics and social issues. Follow
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Most 2el yagi's are have either gain or front to back.
A exception to this rule is the 2el V-Yagi.
Based on a original idea from k6STI.
The freespace azimuth plot 6 dBI and a front to back of 30,32 dB.
The elevation plot at 10 meters height above average ground.
The impedance of this version is 33 Ohms. A gamma-match or equivelant is needed.
The tips are 12,7mm (1/2 inch) and as long as the element lenght needs to be.
The reflector has a total length of : 5,3 meters.
NOT FOR COMMERCIAL USE !


Czesc mam na imme Hubert. Nie pisze za dobze po polsku ale czytam dobze to pzepraszam z gury. Ja na pisze po Angielsku.
Hi my name is Hubert k. I was Born in Mielec Poland. As a Child i moved to the United States , New York City. I have lived here all my life and travel to poland every couple of years to visit my family. Whenever i would travel to poland my Grandfather would drive me and my family allover town in our 1976 brązowo złocisty 125p. The car has been in our family since since brand new. 2 years ago my grandfather told me the the car is mine and so it was time for it to make the journey to New York City. i work on the car when i have time and have many big plans for it as the years pass. it has the original 1500cc motor with 7000km. The gearbox is from the polonez 5 speed. With time i will paint the car do some nice audio and Air Ride. I love my polski fiat.
auto ładne i ambitny cel.


text:
Home Cars JULY 2017: '56 DODGE REGENT—THIS PLODGE WILL NEVER LEAVE THE FAMILY
JULY 2017: '56 DODGE REGENT—THIS PLODGE WILL NEVER LEAVE THE FAMILY
There's a commitment hierarchy in the car hobby and it runs on a scale from 1 to 10.
'If you're at a commitment level of 1 this means you have so little attachment to old iron you'll sell it before the ink on the bill of sale is dry—in fact, you're working the room for potential buyers within seconds of the transaction.'
A commitment level of 10 means you'd have to pry the old car or truck from the owner's cold, dead hands.
Kevin Halwa is at a 10 level of commitment to his '56 Dodge Regent 4-door sedan because this car has so many important family connections it's part of the Halwa genealogy.
Kevin explained how this old Dodge came into the family. His grandfather was visiting his sister in Victoria, BC, Canada when the park brake quit on his Chevy so he pulled into a dealer near his sister's place to get the car fixed.
Kevin's grandfather was walking off the lot because his sister only lived a few blocks away when the dealer stopped him and told him, "nobody walks off my lot" so he tossed him the keys to a brand new '56 Dodge Regent.
Kevin admitted his grandfather was a self-described "Chevy guy" but the dealer's sales instincts were good because Grandpa came home to the family farm in the new Dodge.
Kevin's grandfather started a trend in his hometown when he added the aftermarket rear antennas to the car. Kevin said, "Every guy in town had them two weeks later".
He enjoyed many happy years in the '56 Regent but eventually the car went through the "shove it to the back 40" farm recycling program.
Kevin's father used the Dodge as a wedding car so he had a strong attachment to the car and Kevin's own wedding was coming up back in the late 90s so the two of them took on the big job of reviving the '56 Regent.
Kevin said his dad got the idea to restore the car back in the mid-80s and he handled all the mechanicals but he realized he "knew nothing about body work". The project went into a hiatus until the whole family pitched in to finish the job.
Kevin and his dad took on the rest of the car and his mom jumped into the upholstery side of the project. They had the deadline looming for the wedding and they cut it close, as Kevin explained; "We had it done two days before the wedding" and there was a bit of scare when the car "wouldn't start because the starter was gone".
Kevin had some serious luck with a new windshield because no one would take the risk to ship one to Canada from California so he phoned a local wrecker. Even though the guy laughed he looked in his yard and found two of them and sold them for $50.00 apiece.
He took the starter to a local guy and the guy told Kevin he'd get it back in "a couple of weeks" and Kevin told him about the wedding so the guy told him to come back after lunch. He not only had it done—he wouldn't take any money for it. He called it a wedding present.
Kevin was lucky enough to give his grandfather a 90th birthday ride in the '56 Dodge and he said the old guy "really enjoyed it". Unfortunately, Kevin's dad and his grandfather are both gone now but they both had time to enjoy the revival of this family heirloom.
Kevin loves the fact he's the third owner of the Plodge (Canadian Dodge) and his son will be the 4th owner.
'That's a level 10 commitment because this Plodge will never leave the family.'
Jerry Sutherland
Please re-post if you like this article.
'56 DODGE REGENT— PLODGE
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It may be a Dr Seuss classic, but when I received that book for graduation in May, I began to consider the places I have already been, where I am and the places I still have yet to go. My work in the cattle business has been quite a blessing in my life. Despite the ups, downs, and sometimes feeling all turned around, life has been quite an adventure. Growing up in the foothills of the Arkansas Ozarks, I fell in love with the rolling hills and the bountiful pastures of improved grasses. The huge mosquitoes, intense humidity, and rolling thunderstorms were just a part of life. Then came the opportunity to live in the mountains of Wyoming. There I became introduced to irrigation and cool summers. In a place where annual precip is close to 8 inches, we received 12 inches in June alone. Let me tell you there is nothing like riding horseback in the mountains listening to the sound of a summer shower echo from the canyon walls. After playing the Red Dirt of Oklahoma for a few years of college, I ventured to these High Plains of the Texas Panhandle. I have never experienced wind or lack of moisture to the extent that is found here in the Northwest corner of Texas.
Now I find myself on the road of life headed in a new direction. This month I will move back to Arkansas and return to daily life on the ranch! You read that right. It has always been a dream of mine to live out my life on the ranch, work a cow-calf operation on a day-to-day basis, and that dream is coming to me much sooner than expected. I will be moving 100 miles from home and working with a commercial cow-calf herd of about 1200 head. Not only will I be much closer to my family and friends, but I will have the chance to be living life the best way I know how. I eagerly look forward to calving out 100 heifers this winter, riding the pastures checking cows every day, hay season once the summer comes, vaccinating cows, wrestling bulls during breeding season, and weaning calves in the fall. I get to have my horse with me once again, will soon be looking for another horse to start, working with my dog, training her up in cattle work, and looking for another to start. Trips to the feed store and co-op, taking time out for Cattlemen's meetings, supporting youth at local stock shows, and maybe even cheering on my beloved Razorbacks from our home state once again! Words cannot begin to express how excited I am for this opportunity. I can assure you will hear all about my adventures!
You can have anything you want – if you want it badly enough. You can be anything you want to be, have anything you desire, accomplish anything you set out to accomplish – if you will hold to that desire with singleness of purpose…Whatever comes our way, whatever battle we have raging inside us, we always have a choice. It's the choices that make us who we are, and we can always choose to do what's right.
Not that I have really been looking to leave the feedyard here in Texas, but when opportunity comes knocking, someone has to answer. The decision to take advantage came from two different pieces of advice I believe in. To me, if anyone has an opportunity to develop and grow working in their passion, and passes up that opportunity, they are not looking for success in life. The second actually came from my current boss the first time I met him. He told me that passion is something you are willing to do for little or nothing, live in your car, and do it for the rest of your life. Once you find that thing, chase it with diligence and determination.
Next Oh! The Places You'll Go!
Ryan it will be great to see you pursue your dreams 'back home'. You will be able to take what you have observed and learned, from others and yourself, and build upon it. Good luck to you and thanks for a great positive post. Kindest Regards.
Ryan, I am so happy for you. You have so much wisdom for your age and have your head on straight.
You are an inspiration to many, myself included, and I wish you the best in your new life. I hope to meet you in person someday and I'm pretty sure at some point that will happen.
Take care of yourself during the move, and again, congratulations!
Thank you so much Pam for the words of encouragement and well wishes!
Congrats! Very exciting. It's always a great feeling getting to do what you love.
Thanks Crystal. I'll be sure to keep ya'll in the loop as I get started on this new venture.
As a wife raising kids on our ranch and helping the husband run the daily operation, there is nothing better than living on a ranch. The work is hard, the hours long, the pay little as it all goes back in the herd and land, and vacations are few and far between. But when it gets into your blood you can not just walk away from it for long before you hear the call again. I would not trade our way of life for anything else in this world. I'm glad that you will once again be able to answer the call that is the ranching way of life.
Thanks Jennifer for the support! I am really looking forward to the opportunity.
Thanks! I really am looking forward to it, it's just all that packing up and moving I have to get through first.
I am SO excited for you! I know your family and us at church will be so happy to see you from time to time! Love your blog!


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Whether you're a corporation with overseas operations or a business or individual needing to work out taxation of U.S. residents working abroad or foreign citizens working in the U.S., Maguire Hegarty, LLC can help you plot a course through cross-border taxation issues. There are many special rules and policies for businesses with a foreign presence. We can help you make sense of how you are affected by them.


text:
(阮玲玉, Ruan Lingyu) est un film hongkongais réalisé par Stanley Kwan, sorti le .

Synopsis
Stanley Kwan met en scène entre documentaires, interviews et images d'archives ce qu'était la vie de Ruan Lingyu, grande actrice du cinéma muet du Shanghaï des années 1920, que l'on aimait comparer à Greta Garbo.

Fiche technique
 Titre :
 Titre original : Yuen Ling-yuk (阮玲玉)
 Titre anglais : The Actress
 Réalisation : Stanley Kwan
 Scénario : Chiu Tai An-ping
 Production : Jackie Chan et Leonard Ho
 Musique : Huang Jin Chen
 Photographie : Poon Hang-sang
 Montage : Peter Cheung, Joseph Chiang et Cheung Ka-fai
 Pays d'origine : Hong Kong
 Format : Couleurs - 1,85:1 - Dolby - 35 mm
 Genre : Drame, romance
 Durée : 167 minutes
 Dates de sortie :
  (Hong Kong)
  (France)

Distribution
 Maggie Cheung : Ruan Lingyu
 Carina Lau : Lily Li
 Waise Lee : Lai Man-Wai
 Tony Leung Ka-fai : Cai Chusheng
 Lily Li : elle-même
 Lawrence Ng : Chang Ta-min
 Cecilia Yip : Lim Cho Cho

Récompenses
 Ours d'argent et prix de la meilleure actrice (Maggie Cheung), lors du Festival international du film de Berlin 1992.
 Nominations pour les meilleurs costumes et maquillages (Lai Pan), meilleur réalisateur, meilleur film et meilleur scénario, lors des Hong Kong Film Awards 1993.
 Prix de la meilleure actrice (Maggie Cheung), meilleure direction artistique (Lai Pan), meilleure photographie (Hang-Sang Poon), meilleure musique et meilleure chanson (Lok Sam, interprétée par Ang-Ang Wong), lors des Hong Kong Film Awards 1993.

Liens externes

 Critique Sancho does Asia
 Critiques Cinemasie
 Critiques Hk Mania

Film hongkongais sorti en 1992
Film biographique hongkongais
Film dramatique hongkongais
Film romantique hongkongais
Film se déroulant à Shanghai
Film biographique sur un acteur
Film réalisé par Stanley Kwan

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


With their small screens and our bulky fingers, smartwatches aren't the easiest devices to control. Researchers have invented new ways to interact with them that ease the fumbling, however.
The research was presented at several conferences in the fall, most recently in Niagara Falls at the 2016 ACM International Conference on Interactive Surfaces and Spaces in November.
Cheng Zhang, a PhD student at Georgia Institute of Technology, oversaw WatchOut, an interaction technique that uses taps and scrolling gestures on the case and watchband, "outside" the watch screen. They're possible because of the watch's gyroscope and accelerometer sensors.
One demo app allows wearers to scroll up, down, left, and right by swiping on the watchband. According to Zhang it makes it easier to interact with GPS maps or menus. His study shows that scrolling on rubber watchbands was more accurate than leather bands due to the different friction of the materials.
Hands-free control is exactly what another Georgia Tech team, led by PhD student Gabriel Reyes, had in mind. One day he watched his wife blow a piece of fuzz off her phone while holding their newborn son. He and a team of students later created Whoosh, a technique that allows a person to control the watch by blowing, exhaling, shushing, sipping, or puffing on the screen. The watch uses its microphone and machine learning to identify the breath patterns of each acoustic event, then assigns an action to each.
For example, a wearer can shush the watch to ignore a call or blow on it twice to accept. In another scenario, a combination of lock or short breaths can lock or unlock the watch. Voice recognition sometimes produces incorrect words when dictating a text message. Blowing quickly on the watch can erase words, while blowing on it longer will send the text message when ready. Finally, the technique also works with smartphones. A user can transfer content from the watch to a smartphone simply by sipping it off the watch and puffing it on the phone.
Dingtian Zhang, a PhD student and labmate of Reyes, also designed a 3D-printed case that snaps onto the watch. The attachment has eight holes around the bezel, each with varying lengths. When a wearer blows into each of the holes, unique frequencies are generated much like a flute. The watch's microphone and the Whoosh system detects the subtle differences in the frequencies produced and identifies the intended target. Each target is linked to a specific action within applications.


The passive -ray spectrometry of the fuel debris is under development as one of the candidate technologies for nuclear material accountancy in 1F Nuclear Power Plants. Based on the results of TMI accident, Eu and Ce were selected as the candidates of monitored -ray emitters which were accompanied with nuclear material. The accompanying behavior of Ce with nuclear material under the severe accident was investigated by the high temperature heating test and the chemical equilibrium calculation. The high temperature heating test was carried out under the simulated condition of severe accident that the irradiated fuel was liquidized by the high temperature reaction with molten zircaloy. Ce was found to exist in high concentration at the boundary of reaction between fuel and molten zircaloy.


text:
For Immediate Release November 28, 2000
PRESIDENT CLINTON NAMES THE CHAIR AND FOUR MEMBERS OF THE
FIRST FLIGHT CENTENNIAL FEDERAL ADVISORY BOARD
The President today announced his intent to designate Tom D. Crouch
as Chair and appoint Todd M. Hamilton, Martha King, John Howard Morrow, Jr., and Kathryn D. Sullivan as members of the First Flight Centennial Federal Advisory Board.
Dr. Tom D. Crouch, of Fairfax, Virginia, is one of the nation's leading authorities on the Wright Brothers and the author of several award-winning books on the early history of flight. An employee of the Smithsonian Institution since 1974, Dr. Crouch has served both at the National Air and Space Museum (NASM) and at the National Museum of American History (NMAH) in a variety of curatorial and administrative posts. He is presently employed as Senior Curator of Aeronautics with the National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution. Dr. Crouch received a B.A. in history from Ohio University, an M.A. in history from Miami University, and a Ph.D. in American history from Ohio State University.
Mr. Todd M. Hamilton, of New York, New York, is Chief Executive Officer and owner of Computerized Aircraft Maintenance Program (CAMP) Systems International, LLC, the largest provider of aircraft maintenance tracking services in the world. Under his leadership, CAMP has grown from a maintenance document management company to a web-enabled and fully integrated, single-source service and information provider to the aviation industry. Mr. Hamilton has been responsible for the industry's first web-enabled maintenance tracking, inventory control, and flight scheduling system. From 1990 to 1992, Mr. Hamilton was co-owner and President of Varsity Aviation, an aircraft charter company operating out of Denver's Centennial Airport. He also serves on the board of Greyrock Capital Partners, on CAE Flight Training Company, and as a member of the Professional Aviation Maintenance Association, the National Business Aviation Association, and the Young President's Organization. Mr. Hamilton received a B.A. in Finance from the University of Denver.
Ms. Martha King, of San Diego, California, is co-chairman and co-owner of King Schools, Inc., the world's leading producer of aviation training videos and multimedia programs. In the early 1970's, Ms. King and her husband, John King, began flying small airplanes to increase their personal flexibility in business. Today, flying is now their business and they co-own and co-operate King Schools, Inc. which has produced more than five million videos with over nine million hours of video instruction. Ms. King serves as talent on the videos, develops new projects, and flies airplanes, helicopters, and a blimp regularly. Ms. King is also the first woman to hold every pilot category and class rating as well as every flight and ground instructor rating offered by the FAA. Ms. King volunteers with the FAA's National Aviation Safety Program in producing safety programs. She is also a member of the Board of Directors of the San Diego Aerospace Museum. Ms. King received a B.A. with Distinction in Comparative Literature from Indiana University.
Dr. John Howard Morrow, Jr., of Athens, Georgia, is Franklin Professor of History at the University of Georgia. Dr. Morrow joined the faculty of the University of Georgia in 1988 and in 1991 was elected history department head, the first African American department head in the Arts and Sciences at the University of Georgia. He served as Associate Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences from 1993 to 1995 before returning to full-time teaching and research. Previously in 1971, Dr. Morrow became the first African American faculty member in the College of Arts and Sciences at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, where he taught for seventeen years. Dr. Morrow has written several books on military aviation and is presently writing a history of the First World War. Dr. Morrow was also the Charles A. Lindbergh Visiting Professor from 1988 to 1989 at the National Air and Space Museum, where he consulted on the design of the present gallery on World War I aviation. Dr. Morrow earned his B.A. with Honors in History from Swarthmore College and his Ph.D. in Modern European History from the University of Pennsylvania.
Dr. Kathryn D. Sullivan, of Columbus, Ohio, is President and Chief Executive Officer of the Center of Science and Industry (COSI), a national leader in innovative, interactive science museums providing eight major Learning Worlds, three theater attractions, a retail store, restaurant, an outdoor science park, exhibit galleries, and the world's only high wire unicycle. Prior to her current position at COSI, Dr. Sullivan served as Chief Scientist for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) under both the Bush and Clinton Administrations. In 1978, Dr. Sullivan became a NASA Mission Specialist Astronaut and flew three Shuttle missions logging more than 500 hours in space over the course of fourteen years. While still at NASA, Dr. Sullivan joined the Naval Reserve in 1988 with a direct commission into the Oceanography program and designation as Naval Astronaut Specialist. Dr. Sullivan is also an Adjunct Professor of Geological Sciences and an Adjunct Professor at the College of Education at The Ohio State University. Dr. Sullivan is a graduate of the University of California at Santa Cruz and earned her Ph.D. in geology from Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia, specializing in deep-sea research.
The Centennial of Flight Commemoration Act of 1998 (P. L. 105-389) established the First Flight Centennial Federal Advisory Board (FFCFAB). The purpose of the FFCFAB is to advise the Centennial Flight Commission (CFC) on matters related to assisting in commemoration of the centennial of powered flight and the achievements of Orville and Wilbur Wright. December 12, 2003 is the 100th anniversary of the Wright brother's achievement.


I'd like to officially announce the debut of my newest brand, The Buttercream Bee! Laura Reynolds, owner of The Buttercream Bee, worked with RP Design to create a whole new look for her custom buttercream wedding cakes company, located in Virginia. We were brought together by Meghan Ely of OFD Consulting. Meghan and I used our combined business powers to take on Laura's initiative and refresh this wedding industry brand to showcase the adorable quality that lies at the source of the Bee. To top it off, this sweet brand is also accompanied by a shiny new Squarespace website, customized according to her newly established brand guidelines. Take a look below and make sure to visit the newest website to join the RP Design website setup family, The Buttercream Bee!


In this tutorial we will take a look at working with chat bots using the Facebook Instant Games SDK.
From a Facebook Instant Games perspective a Messenger bot is some back-end code that can message a subscribed Messenger user. The main purpose of bots is to help retain users by reminding them that your game is there. Games can for example send reminders to players about daily rewards, free items, the game status of friends that also play the game and so on.
In order to use bots you need to create an app page for your game then associate it with your game in the Instant Games section of the Facebook developer dashboard. You also need to add the Messenger product to your Instant Game in the developer dashboard and set up a Webhook to enable communication between Messenger and your bot back-end.
I'm not going to cover setting up a bot from scratch in this tutorial as it is not the purpose of this tutorial, but you can get more information here.
Note that once your bot is complete you will need to submit it for review.
Note that the user will be shown a pop-up dialog that expressly asks for their permission which they can cancel.
When the player subscribes to your bot, a signal is sent to your back-end via a webhook that is associated with your apps page, you will need to detect this on the back-end and carry out some basic tasks such as adding the player to your database.
In the above code we start a server running and handle a single GET and POST request sent to the bot end point. The GET request is a subscription request from the webhook which is sent when you first set up your webhook.
The POST request is a webhook that is sent to the back-end when a subscribed user exits your game. It is at this point where we collect information about the player. The event that is sent contains information about the player such as their ID, the context ID they are playing in and a payload. The payload is data that you have set as the session data with the call to FBInstant.setSessionData(data).
The call to AddPlayer() simply adds the players credentials to back-end storage so the player can be messaged at some point in the future.
The code itself is very simple in nature but very fast and not difficult to figure out. I use a version of this bot to power all 14 of my own Facebook Instant Games and it runs at 1-2% CPU on a $5 per month Digital Ocean droplet.
To run the bot you need to run both bot.js and crawler.js, I suggest using a process manager such as PM2 to run them both.
Its important to remember that once the player exits your game, your bot back-end can only message the player up to 5 times within 10 days of their last play. If you attempt to send more than 5 messages within that 10 day period or that 10 day period expires then your bot will be blocked from sending that user any more messages. It will also remain blocked until the user chooses to come back and play your game, at which point the counter and timer are reset.
Sometimes and for no apparent reason Bots can just stop working, this has happened to me many times. I have found that the only solution to fix the issue is to unsubscribe the webhook and resubscribe then regenerate the page access token and use the new token in my back-end.


The GSM Lift Watch is designed for emergency calls from a lift cabin ( 1 or 2) to first aid ( service department, security, etc..). Setting as well as controlling is possible also remotely by SMS messages ( control of lift status, lift reset etc...).
Back call only from MASTER numbers saved on SIM card.Another calls are refused.
Credit information at prepaid SIM cards.Information is sent by SMS to selected number.
Indication of calling as same as connection.
Automatic verification call once for 3 days to TEST number(s) (TEST1-8) saved on the SIM card.


text:
Search Results: 'Stonehenge'
214 results for "Stonehenge"
No Greater Sacrifice By John C. Stipa
When archaeologist Renée d'Arcadia is summoned to France for the reading of a will, she is plunged into a maelstrom of deceit and destruction. Her challenge: solve a 100-year-old mystery... More > originating from a sinister church where nothing is as it seems. Renée joins forces with David Arturo, an ex-helicopter pilot with a troubled past, to interpret clues cleverly hidden in tombstones and classic works of literature to find artifacts scattered across Europe. Racing against time, Renée and David must overcome their inner demons to outmaneuver a network of evil bent on destroying them. What they find in each other just might provide answers to some of mankind's oldest myths.< Less
Some Weird Book By A. Nutt
Everything they didn't want you to know about in one lil' book. It will blow your mind - and for one guy, who we all know about, this knowledge already did, literally.
Chasing the Sun: A Journey in Neolithic Speculation By Frederick G. Jones, Jr.
An original interpretation of the Neolithic "ceremonial macehead," the cup and ring stone carvings, and other aspects of Neolithic art, architecture and astronomy. This study reviews much... More > of the recent scholarship in Neolithic studies and is a radical revision of current dogma. Along with maps, glossary, and bibliography, there are over 150 photographs and charts of the monuments and artifacts.< Less
American Discovery: World Heritage By Gunnar Thompson
The True Story of America's Multiethnic Heritage of Discovery is presented for general adult readers in action-packed, detective-style narratives. Join in the fun and excitement as First... More > People, Egyptians, Romans, Japanese, Chinese, Welsh, Irish, Norse, Greek, African, Jewish, Hindu, and Muslim seafarers all discover the New World before Columbus. Includes the latest research: Greek slaves worked Minoan Mines of Lake Superior; Nubian overlords brought Egyptian agriculture to Mexico in 1400 BC; the early Mexican metropolis of Teotihuacan was a trading center serving Roman, Chinese, Hindu, and Persian merchants; refugee Horse Tribes fleeing Genghis Khan brought Asian horses and Horse Culture to the Great Plains. Marco Polo was a "witness to history." He sailed with Chinese explorers who mapped the West Coast. He returned to Venice in 1295 with maps and the latest Chinese guns. The book is packed with authentic maps, artifacts, and ships.< Less
THE RIDDLE OF THE EARTH Paperback By Comyns Beaumont as Appian Way
Comyns Beaumont takes his evidence not only from actual meteorological phenomena otherwise unexplained, but also from Plato, Aristotle, Homer, Josephus, Caesar and the Bible among others. He strips... More > away the false divisions between academic disciplines, brings ancient astronomical knowledge back into play and mathematically completely overturns the long-accepted version of the history of our planet and the systems within systems through which it operates in the wider cosmos, describing clearly how the regard for the operation of the male and female creative principles has been criminally misrepresented as phallic worship. Watch the skies!< Less
New Age & the Last Days Deception By Billy Crone
Some would say New Age refers to those flower loving, freewheeling people in the 60's who wore tinfoil triangles on their head. Others will remark it has to do with those who fear for the... More > ecosystem. Still some will give you a blank stare and say they have no idea what you're talking about. Yet, little do any of these people realize that the beliefs and teachings of the New Age Movement have not only permeated virtually every sector of our society, but they are leading mankind towards the greatest time of deceit this planet has ever seen. Therefore, this book, New Age & the Last Days Deception, seeks to give you the reader an in-depth insight into the background and beliefs of the New Age Movement and how they are attempting to lead and deceive our planet. Here you will discover such shocking facts as: The Basics of New Age, New Age in Society, The Beliefs of New Age, New Age & Astrology, The History of New Age, New Age & Mediumship, Oprah Winfrey & Her New Age Friends, and New Age & Divination.< Less
The Hydrogen Cipher By Judy Beebe
This second edition of "The Hydrogen Cipher" contains additional information. The first edition has been viewed and downloaded by thousands of people around the world. The times are... More > confusing and this book comes full circle spiritually and energetically. The Greek Alphabet, which is a major part of the book, is now tied into the Mayan Calendar for an eye-opening glimpse at mankind's evolution. As in the first edition, this book documents the magnificent search to save our planet by providing safe energy, eliminating hydrocarbon emissions, reversing global warming, and providing safe water to the billions of people who inhabit this planet. The author's search took her 16 years and it has now been proven in the laboratory. There is a way to a safe future, will we choose it?< Less
The Hydrogen Cipher: Second Edition: The Omega Truth is Found Within the Pages of This Book! By Judy Beebe
This second edition of "The Hydrogen Cipher" contains additional information. The first edition has been viewed and downloaded by thousands of people around the world. The times are... More > confusing and this book comes full circle spiritually and energetically. The Greek Alphabet, which is a major part of the book, is now tied into the Mayan Calendar for an eye-opening glimpse at mankind's evolution. As in the first edition, this book documents the magnificent search to save our planet by providing safe energy, eliminating hydrocarbon emissions, reversing global warming, and providing safe water to the billions of people who inhabit this planet.The author's search took her 16 years and it has now been proven in the laboratory. There is a way to a safe future, will we choose it< Less
Druids and the Celtic Religion By Andrew McKnight
An introduction to the ancient Practice of Druidry; a worship of not only the Earth and Her Energies, but all creatures both wild and tame- the light that surrounds us; the very Universe that we... More > float in. Steeped in mystery over centuries of mythic text, the eldest of Gods and Goddesses who still capture the hearts and inflame the souls of Celts and Pagans worldwide can still be found among the forests and the streams... If one knows where to look... Starting here we have the legends, customs, histories and rudimentary practices of the ancient people who are rising again amongst us, shining in groves all over the world, hand in hand with the shining ones they worship through ritual and magick.< Less
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You are here:Opinion
The RIBA needs to rebalance itself in favour of architects
4 February, 2016Will Hurst
The RIBA urgently needs to repair the disconnect between its executive and members
What is the RIBA for? It's a question that has reared its head once again following the departure of chief executive Harry Rich and a number of other senior staff at the Institute.
The RIBA charter says it is there for the 'advancement of architecture' but what does this mean? Despite the fact that the RIBA is a membership organisation, one could interpret its mission as promoting architecture first and architects (its members) second.
To many of his critics, this is the direction in which Rich took the organisation over his six years at the helm. They argue that what the RIBA should instead focus on is promoting its architect members, thereby achieving its core aim of advancing architecture.
The number of architects on the ARB register continues to rocket while chartered RIBA membership declines
The RIBA is not a trade union but there is now an unanswerable case for rebalancing the organisation towards the interests of members. For one thing, there has long been an unhealthy divide between senior management at 66 Portland Place and those members who get involved in RIBA affairs. In 2014, this led incoming RIBA council members John Assael and Ben Derbyshire to call for a shake-up and last autumn a letter from Derbyshire to his fellow councillors emerged suggesting that architects be put in the driving seat.
'Architects feel the RIBA needs to offer them better value for their subscription, more clarity and definition in the ethics of professionalism, more support and more of a voice in the various challenges that lie ahead,' he wrote. 'In the words of one, we need to do more to repair the "growing disconnect between the membership and their aspirations and the RIBA".'
Further evidence of deteriorating relationships at the institute emerged in December when a number of leading housing architects, including David Levitt, Andrew Matthews, Stephen Proctor, Derbyshire and Assael, kicked off over the RIBA's decision to relaunch its HomeWise campaign against what it called 'rabbit-hutch' new builds, with their open letter imploring the RIBA's communication team to avoid such 'reckless' and 'derogatory' language.
Council members have also been alarmed by the paranoia shown by the RIBA's communication team towards the architectural media, including the AJ. This reached absurd heights just over a year ago when members of the press were barred from a key part of RIBA Council and then briefed by staff during a tightly controlled press conference held without the knowledge of councillors.
The reason why this high-level disconnect is such a threat to the RIBA is that it is surely being mirrored at grass roots level. The fact is that the number of architects on the ARB register continues to rocket while chartered RIBA membership declines in proportion.
Growing numbers are clearly deciding that they can simply do without those regal four letters after their name. Fixing that, as well as choosing the right replacement for Rich, is a task indeed.
10 things RIBA must do to reverse the decline of the architect
9 March, 2016Ben Derbyshire
How can the institute boost the fortunes of architects as well as supporting architecture? Ben Derbyshire presents a 10-point plan
RIBA launches consultation on future of HQ
9 February, 2016Laura Mark
RIBA has opened a consultation on the future use of its headquarters at 66 Portland Place
Anger over RIBA's plans to bring back 'fellow' memberships
A group of architects has hit out at the RIBA's plans to shake-up its membership categories and reintroduce a 'fellow' category
Rich's exit paves way for RIBA rethink, say architects
27 January, 2016Laura Mark
Following the departure of the institute's chief executive Harry Rich, architects including current councillors have called for a shake-up at the RIBA
Harry Rich quits RIBA
RIBA's chief executive Harry Rich has resigned from the institute
RIBA Housing Group attacks institute's own report
4 December, 2015Colin Marrs
Architects on RIBA's housing group have launched a scathing attack on the tone of the institute's relaunched #HomeWise campaign, which is aimed at highlighting the issue of space standards in new homes
Heritage groups raise alert over works at Neave Brown's Camden estate
15 July 2019Greg Pitcher
Heritage campaigners have urged Camden Council to investigate 'alarming' works taking place at RIBA Gold Medallist Neave Brown's Grade II*-listed Alexandra Road estate
Astragal: Culture club row at Portland Place
10 April 2019Astragal
A generation gap has opened up in the RIBA's club scene
RIBA declares climate emergency
27 June 2019Will Hurst
The RIBA today announced it would urgently pursue a five-year action plan towards a net-zero built environment as its ruling council unanimously voted to declare an environmental and climate emergency.
Paul Iddon10 February, 2016 6:29 pm
Come and see what we have achieved in Manchester with this approach.
Our members wanted to put Architect at the centre of our mission: "To champion and nurture the present and future architects of Manchester".
Our engagement went up by 30% in 2015 and half of our active council are under 35. This is not speculation - but solid results. jane Duncan hailed our MA model as something that should be rolled out in every region.
Clearly this message has got through. We have the proof. When is the AJ going to cover our story? For the record, we are probably the most active and cohesive group outside of 66PP itself....
We could also say without a hint of irony that maybe the AJ should practice what it preaches. We have been showing how a grass-roots led membership drive amongst architects (we don't care whether our architects and students are RIBA or not) can work to create cohesion, drive knowledge and excellence in architecture...maybe it is because we aren't round the corner. Come on AJ - you cannot write articles like this, then ignore it when change is happening up the road!!!
Ben Derbyshire12 February, 2016 6:26 pm
Well said, Will Hurst! And thank you for acknowledging what John Assael and I have been saying since we were elected as National Councillors 18 months ago now.
To rejuvenate the membership we must meet young architects' concerns about the covenant between society and the profession; an ethical code that enables the public and the our clients to trust us and our judgements, and that entitles us to be heard above others who do not claim to profess such standards. And we must help the profession to establish a body of knowledge that the public and our clients might consider worth listening to, and just as importantly, paying for.
So the challenge is to invest in IT, recognise that much of what we do now will be (and in many instances already is) made available by others for free, and concentrate on combinations of collaborating competences at a high level that require human interaction, judgement based on experience, and face to face interaction through creative processes, such as the charrette.
There is no time like the present to begin this process and now, more than ever, as we are confronting a possible ten years of government that believes in diminishing influence and is withdrawing from regulation to deliver a fairer, more equitable and sustainable environment, there are opportunities for the built environment professions to offer a meaningful alternative to those sectors of society and commerce that demand it.
Indeed it's at the heart of the arguments I have been making about the Institute's strategy that it should take advantage of the potential for the research going on in the profession to be channelled, co-ordinated, brokered, celebrated and published by the Institute with the result that we have an outward facing and impressive edifice of innovative thinking by architects to celebrate as a profession. While the Government is in retreat from effective environmental policy, the professions should be on the front foot. I find this is an exciting idea and we should seize on it!
Ben Derbyshire,
Managing Partner, HTA Design LLP
Chair, The Housing Forum
Architect - RIBA Chartered Practice
Retail Interior Fit-out Designer / Architect for RIBA Award Winning Design Studio
Architect with Business Development Entrepreneurial Skills – RIBA Design Studio
Business Savvy ARB & RIBA Architect for Exclusive Residential & Commercial Design Boutique,
Qualified Architect - RIBA Part 3
Emerging RIBA Chartered Design Studio seeks Senior Part III Architect


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[BOOK OF DURROW] Evangeliorum Quattuor Codex Durmachensis. €2250
by De Burca Rare Books
The Book of Durrow. Two volumes. Berne, Switzerland: Printed by Urs Graf-Verlag, 1960. Folio. pp. (1) xv, 239, 4 [plates], (2) [12], 248 [including tipped in coloured plates]. Pigskin and quarter pigskin, title in green along spine. Edition limited to 650 copies only [No. 567]. A superb set in the original stiff paper wrappers and housed in a recent cloth bound slipcase, titled in gilt on red morocco label. Scarce.
Ireland in the earliest centuries of her recorded history was known throughout Europe as the Island of Saint and Scholars; a place where books were written and treasured. The craftsmen and artificers of early Ireland wrought costly and elaborate shrines for famous books. The Venerable Bede, the historian of early England, writing in the first half of the eighth century, says: "At this period there were many English nobles and lesser folk in Ireland who had left their own land during the episcopates of Bishops Finán and Colmán, either to pursue religious studies or to lead a life of stricter discipline. The Irish welcomed them all kindly and, without asking for any payment, provided them with books and instructors". The 'Book of Durrow' which is sometimes called `the elder sister of the Book of Kells' was probably written in the second quarter of the seventh century. This manuscript is so called because of its association with the important Columban monastery of Durrow, in Offaly, where it was kept for centuries. There is evidence to show that the book was at Durrow at the close of the eleventh century from a manuscript insertion entered into the back of the book. In 1627, Conall Mac Eochagáin, the translator of the 'Annals of Clonmacnoise', recorded that the book was in the custody of an ignorant man and was used as a cure for sick cattle, the manuscript being dipped into water which was then given to the cattle to drink. By 1677 it was in the library of Trinity College where the antiquary Roderick O'Flaherty made some notes on the book, recording an inscription in Irish on the shrine, which in translation reads: "The prayer and blessing of Colum Cille for Flann son of Maolsachnaill, King of Ireland, who had this shrine made". Its ornamentation is almost as magnificent as that of Kells , but it is more interesting because of its greater antiquity. The 'Book of Durrow' is the earliest surviving insular Gospel-book de luxe. It contains the Four Gospels in Latin, complete with the preliminaries, in a pure Vulgate text which bears a remarkable resemblance to that of ms. St. Gall No.1395, claimed by C.H. Turner to be the oldest manuscript of the Vulgate Gospels. The contributors to the Commentary are: Dr. A.A. Luce; Dr. George Simms; Prof. Peter Meyer and Prof. Ludwig Bieler. This is the complete facsimile edition with 17 plates in colour and 479 in monochrome.
' price='2250′]
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Co. Dublin, Ireland.
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© De Búrca Rare Books 2014 // DESIGN BY: O'Brien Creative
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Guest Post by Faith Hogan, author of My Husband's Wives
I'm delighted to have Faith Hogan, author of My Husband's Wives on Linda's Book Bag today as part of her summer blog hop. My Husband's Wives was published by Aria, an imprint of Head of Zeus on 1st of May 2016 and is available for purchase here.
I have a super guest post from Faith today all about creating character.
My Husband's Wives
Better to have loved and lost, than never loved.
Paul Starr, Irelands leading cardiologist dies in a car crash with a pregnant young women by his side.
United in their grief and the love of one man, four women are thrown together in an attempt to come to terms with life after Paul. They soon realise they never really knew him at all.
The love they shared for Paul in his life and which incensed a feeling of mistrust and dislike for each other, in his death turns into the very thing that bonds them and their children to each other forever.
As they begin to form unlikely friendships, Paul's death proves to be the catalyst that enables them to become the people they always wanted to be.
A Guest Post by Faith Hogan
I have murdered more characters than I've published. The truth is that although you hear writers talking about their characters as though they are members of their close family, characters are there to serve a purpose. They are there to move your novel forward, to entertain your reader and ultimately draw us in so tightly that we can't not go on their journey.
Agents and editors are entirely heartless when it comes to characters. We've all been there. I've been one of those people who wrote half a draft from the perspective of a character with no purpose in the story. Bang Bang, as they say – one shot!!
It is not all bad news, however! Unlike in real life, characters cut, can be raised from the dead. Who knows? There may be room in your next story for that character you became so fond of.
I have to admit, that as I'm creating characters I'm often surprised. If they are good enough, they will lead the way of the story. In My Husband's Wives, Annalise was probably my favourite character to write – not because she is any nicer than the other women, but rather because she spoke the most clearly. Her voice, doubtless picked up over the years from overheard conversations and people I only half-knew, had a distinct tone and accent. She saw exactly where she was going from the start of the novel to the finish and that makes writing her so much easier.
I know there are writers who work up entire c.v.'s for their characters, and before I begin a story, I'll have a good idea of where people are coming from. Stories are a lot like life, though. We are shaped as much by the people surrounding us, as we are by the hand of cards we receive at birth. So too, it is with characters. Most stories and characters develop as you write them. Who they are, how they react and what they want is very often formed by how they hit off other characters. This flexibility is crucial to having robust and original people in your story.
Most of my planning is done sitting on a comfortable armchair. Generally, I try to remain distraction free so, it's au revoir WiFi! Unfortunately, I have somewhat of a bent towards charts and graphs and list making. I know only too well now that if I engage in any of these in the initial thinking stage it's just another form of procrastination. The truth is, I could spend the whole day happily making up graphs and charts – unfortunately, that does not get the actual word count moving upwards.
The best advice for creating characters – listen to your gut!
Is there anything else?
Oh, yes get a very comfortable chair, turn off your broadband and start writing – the beauty of it is you never know where you might end up!
About Faith Hogan
Faith Hogan was born in Ireland where she lives in the west with her husband, children, a very fat cat called Norris and a selection of (until recently!) idle writerly mugs and cups. She gained an Honours Degree in English Literature and Psychology from Dublin City University and a Postgraduate Degree from University College, Galway. She has worked as a fashion model, an event's organiser and in the intellectual disability and mental health sector.
She was a winner in the 2014 Irish Writers Centre Novel Fair – an international competition for emerging writers.
Her debut novel, My Husband's Wives, is a contemporary women's fiction novel set in Dublin. She is currently working on her next novel.
You can follow Faith on Twitter and find her on Facebook. You'll find her website here.
There's more about Faith and her lovely novel My Husband's Wives with these other bloggers:
3 thoughts on "Guest Post by Faith Hogan, author of My Husband's Wives"
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This dish is entirely dependent on the quality of the clams you procure and how well you wash them. Some people prefer to add tomato sauce or fresh tomato to this dish but I think it detracts from the briny flavour of the clams so I omit them. For the tomato variation, see the note below.
When you buy the clams, if you are not going to use them immediately, keep them in the refrigerator wrapped in a damp cloth. Do NOT cover them with plastic or put them into a plastic bag or they will suffocate. Discard any shells which are open or cracked.
They day you are going to cook the clams, scrub the shells under cold running water. Then mix together 100 grams of non-iodized salt per 1 litre of cold water and cover the clams with this salted water for a minimum of 20 minutes and up to 4 to 5 hours in the refrigerator so that they filter out any sand or grit.
Any shells which float to the surface should be discarded. Pull the clams out from the water and place in another bowl and add clean water. Scrub the shells of the clams to remove any grit and discard any clams that are still open or have a broken shell. Change the water continually until the water is clean and free of grit. Do not place the clams into a colander and run water over them as they will not filter the water and the grit will remain trapped inside the shell. Keep the clams on the side, drained of water, covered with the damp cloth.
Bring to a boil 7 litres of water in a pentola or large pot and add 3 large spoons of salt. Do not add oil to the water.
In a sauté pan over medium high heat, heat 30 mls of olive oil and add ⅓ of the garlic, the chilli, and 2 pinches of salt to the pan.
The garlic will begin to colour (2-3 minutes).
When the garlic is golden, reduce the heat to low and add the strained clams.
Cover the pan with a lid, shaking from time to time until all the clams open, about 10 minutes.
Discard any clams which have not opened. Place a strainer over a bowl and pour the clams into the strainer.
Reserving the liquid, filter through a fine mesh strainer. If the amount of liquid is more than 150 ml then boil the liquid in a saucepan until reduced to 150 ml and set aside.
Add the pasta to the boiling water and let cook for the amount of time indicated on the package minus 2 minutes.
In another sauté pan over medium heat, warm the remaining 90 mls of olive oil and add the remaining ⅔ garlic until it begins to colour.
Turn off the heat and then add the white wine and the filtered clam juice at the same time, being careful to stand back as the liquid will sizzle and spit.
Once the mixture has stopped spitting, turn the heat back onto medium and simmer for 2 to 3 minutes to cook out all the alcohol from the wine. Add the parsley and freshly ground black pepper to taste, cook 1 more minute and then remove from the flame.
When the pasta is done cooking, drain the pasta (do not rinse) and add to the wine and olive oil mixture, stirring to mix. Turn the heat to low and stir the pasta to cook some of the sauce into the pasta and finish cooking the pasta. Add the clams and toss together. Serve with a final sprinkle of freshly ground black pepper over top.
Tomato variation: In step 12, after the garlic is golden, add a handful of halved cherry tomatoes, 1 chopped tomato or 100 mls tomato sauce to the pan and cook for 3 minutes before adding the wine and clam liquid.


A cartouche (also cartouch) is an oval or oblong design with a slightly convex surface, typically edged with ornamental scrollwork. It is used to hold a painted or low relief design.
In Early Modern design, since the early 16th century, the cartouche is a scrolling frame device, derived originally from Italian cartoccia. Such cartouches are characteristically stretched, pierced and scrolling (illustration, left). Another cartouche figures prominently in the title page of Giorgio Vasari's Lives, framing a minor vignette with a device of pierced and scrolling papery cartoccia (see illustration).
The engraved trade card of the London clockmaker Percy Webster (illustration, right) shows a vignette of the shop in a scrolling cartouche frame of Rococo design that is composed entirely of scrolling devices.
Detail showing cartouche on the 1765 de l'Isle globe.
^ Ching, Francis D.K. (1995). A Visual Dictionary of Architecture. New York: John Wiley and Sons. p. 183. ISBN 0-471-28451-3.


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The Gamers Legion recruitment phase begins right now and only lasts until July 20, 2017. All successful applicants will be notified on July 24 via email. All fans and gamers are also encouraged to visit the Facebook Page of Lenovo Philippines at https://www.facebook.com/lenovophilippines to follow the latest updates of the Gamers Legion.