text:
How To Become An Indian Foreign Service (IFS) Officer?
By My Transform
In Career options
An Indian Foreign Service (IFS) officer represents the government of India in foreign countries and promotes the country's interests abroad.
To become an IFS officer, candidates must hold a bachelor's degree and pass the Civil Services Examination (CSE) conducted by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC).
If you are wondering 'How to become an IFS Officer in India?', this article will provide all the details on What an IFS Officer does, Indian Foreign Service Officer's salary is, how to join Indian Foreign Service, the Indian Foreign Service exam eligibility, how to prepare for Indian Foreign Service, etc.
Who Is An Indian Foreign Service (IFS) Officer?
Types Of Positions In Indian Foreign Service
What Is The Work Of An Indian Foreign Service Officer?
Skills Required to Become An Indian Foreign Service Officer
Indian Foreign Service Officer Eligibility
Indian Foreign Service Officer Qualifications
How To Become An Indian Foreign Service Officer In India? A Step-by-Step Guide
Indian Foreign Service Officer Salary
Pros and Cons of Being An Indian Foreign Service Officer
An Indian Foreign Service (IFS) officer is a member of the Indian Foreign Service, a diplomatic service that represents the government of India in foreign countries and promotes the country's interests abroad.
IFS officers are responsible for a wide range of activities, including diplomacy, consular services, trade, and investment promotion, cultural exchange, and administration.
They are posted to Indian missions abroad, such as embassies, high commissions, and consulates, as well as to various international organizations.
Indian Foreign Service (IFS) officers are posted to various positions in foreign countries as well as in Indian missions abroad. Here are some of the types of positions that IFS officers are posted to:
1. Ambassadors:
Ambassadors are the highest-ranking IFS officers and are responsible for representing the government of India in foreign countries. They serve as the head of the Indian mission in the country and are responsible for all aspects of the mission's work, including diplomacy, trade, and cultural exchange.
2. High Commissioners:
High Commissioners are IFS officers who are posted to Commonwealth countries as the head of the Indian mission. They have similar responsibilities to Ambassadors, but the title "High Commissioner" is used in Commonwealth countries instead of "Ambassador."
3. Consuls General:
Consuls General are IFS officers who are posted to consulates general, which are Indian missions located in major cities outside of the capital. They are responsible for providing consular services to Indian citizens living or visiting the region and for promoting trade and investment between India and the local area.
4. Deputy High Commissioners:
Deputy High Commissioners are IFS officers who assist the High Commissioner or the Ambassador in the running of the mission. They may also be in charge of specific areas of work, such as trade, culture, or consular services.
5. First Secretaries:
First Secretaries are IFS officers who are responsible for specific areas of work, such as political affairs, economic affairs, or press and information. They may also be responsible for managing the day-to-day operations of the mission.
6. Second Secretaries:
Second Secretaries are IFS officers who assist the First Secretaries in their work and may also be responsible for specific areas of work.
Overall, the types of positions in the Indian Foreign Service are diverse and offer a wide range of opportunities for career development and advancement.
Indian Foreign Service (IFS) officers represent the government of India in foreign countries and work to promote the country's interests abroad. Some of the main responsibilities of an IFS officer include:
1. Diplomacy:
IFS officers work to establish and maintain good relations with foreign governments, organizations, and individuals. They represent the government of India at various international forums and negotiate with foreign governments on a wide range of issues, such as trade, investment, and cultural exchange.
2. Consular Services:
IFS officers provide consular services to Indian citizens living abroad or visiting foreign countries. This includes issuing visas, passports, and other documents, as well as providing assistance to Indians in distress, such as in cases of accidents, illness, or natural disasters.
3. Trade and Investment Promotion:
IFS officers work to promote trade and investment between India and foreign countries. They identify opportunities for Indian businesses abroad and facilitate business transactions between Indian and foreign companies.
4. Cultural Exchange:
IFS officers promote cultural exchange between India and foreign countries by organizing cultural events and festivals, and by working with local authorities and organizations to promote Indian culture abroad.
5. Political Analysis:
IFS officers keep the government of India informed about the political developments in foreign countries and provide analysis and recommendations on how to address these developments.
6. Administration:
IFS officers manage the day-to-day administration of Indian diplomatic missions abroad, including the management of staff, budget, and facilities.
Overall, the work of an IFS officer is diverse and challenging and requires a combination of diplomatic, cultural, and administrative skills.
To become an Indian Foreign Service (IFS) officer, you should have the following skills:
1. Strong Communication Skills:
As an IFS officer, you should have excellent written and oral communication skills in English and at least one Indian language, and proficiency in foreign languages is an advantage.
2. Analytical and Problem-solving Skills:
You should have the ability to analyze and interpret complex information, as well as the ability to think critically and solve problems.
3. Cultural Awareness:
As an IFS officer, you will be posted to countries around the world and will need to be sensitive to the culture, customs, and traditions of the local people.
4. Interpersonal Skills:
You should be able to work effectively with people from different cultures and backgrounds.
5. Leadership Skills:
As an IFS officer, you may be required to lead a team of diplomats or manage a diplomatic mission. You should have the ability to lead and motivate others.
6. Resilience and Adaptability:
As an IFS officer, you may face challenging and unpredictable situations. You should be able to adapt to change and handle stress effectively.
7. Strong Work Ethic:
You should have a strong commitment to your work and be willing to put in the necessary effort and dedication to succeed in your career as an IFS officer.
To become an Indian Foreign Service (IFS) officer, you must meet the following eligibility criteria:
Citizenship: You must be a citizen of India.
Age: You must be at least 21 years old on the first day of the month in which the examination is held.
Educational Qualification: You must have a bachelor's degree in any discipline from a recognized university.
Physical Fitness: You must be physically fit and meet the medical standards set by the government.
Language Proficiency: You must have a good command of English and at least one Indian language. Proficiency in foreign languages is also an advantage.
In addition to these eligibility criteria, you must also be willing to serve anywhere in India or abroad as per the requirements of the Indian Foreign Service. You must also be able to adapt to new cultures and environments, as you may be posted to countries around the world as an IFS officer.
To become an Indian Foreign Service (IFS) officer, you must have a bachelor's degree in any discipline from a recognized university.
There is no specific educational qualification required for the IFS, and candidates from all fields of study are eligible to apply. However, a degree in subjects such as international relations, economics, political science, or law can be particularly useful for a career in the IFS.
In addition to a bachelor's degree, proficiency in English and at least one Indian language is also required for the IFS. Proficiency in foreign languages is an advantage and can be helpful in your career as an IFS officer.
To apply for the IFS, you must also pass the Civil Services Examination (CSE), which is conducted by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC).
The CSE consists of two stages: the Preliminary Exam and the Mains Exam. Candidates who clear the Mains Exam are called for a Personality Test, also known as the Interview, which is conducted by the UPSC.
Based on your performance in the CSE and the Personality Test, the UPSC will prepare a merit list of candidates who are eligible for appointment to various civil services, including the IFS.
Here are the steps you can follow to become an Indian Foreign Service (IFS) officer in India:
1. Meet the Eligibility Criteria:
To be eligible for the IFS, you must be a citizen of India, have a bachelor's degree in any discipline from a recognized university, and be at least 21 years old. You must also be physically fit and meet the medical standards set by the government.
2. Register for the Civil Services Examination (CSE):
The CSE is a competitive exam conducted by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) to recruit candidates for various civil services in the government, including the IFS. To appear for the CSE, you must register online on the UPSC website.
3. Prepare for the CSE:
The CSE consists of two stages: the Preliminary Exam and the Mains Exam. The Preliminary Exam is a screening test to shortlist candidates for the Mains Exam. Both exams are highly competitive, and you will need to put in a lot of hard work and dedication to prepare for them.
4. Appear for the CSE:
The Preliminary Exam is held in June every year, and the Mains Exam is held in December. You will need to appear for both exams in order to be eligible for the IFS.
5. Clear the Personality Test:
If you clear the Mains Exam, you will be called for a Personality Test, also known as the Interview, which is conducted by the UPSC. This test is meant to assess your personality, knowledge, and suitability for a career in civil services.
6. Get Selected:
Based on your performance in the CSE and the Personality Test, the UPSC will prepare a merit list of candidates who are eligible for appointment to various civil services, including the IFS. If you are on the merit list, you will be offered an appointment as an IFS officer.
7. Complete the Training:
After you are appointed as an IFS officer, you will need to complete a mandatory training program at the Lal Bahadur Shastri National Academy of Administration in Mussoorie.
This program will prepare you for your career as an IFS officer and will cover a wide range of topics, including diplomacy, international relations, and foreign languages.
Becoming an IFS officer is a challenging and competitive process, but it can be a rewarding and fulfilling career for those who are committed and dedicated. I hope this step-by-step guide has helped you understand the process of becoming an IFS officer in India.
Indian Foreign Service (IFS) officers are among the highest-paid employees in the Indian government. Their salary and allowances are similar to those of Indian Administrative Service (IAS) officers.
The starting salary for an IFS officer is INR 56,100 (about $776) per month. In addition to the basic salary, IFS officers are also entitled to various allowances, such as:
House Rent Allowance (HRA)
Dearness Allowance (DA)
Transport Allowance (TA)
Medical Allowance
Leave Travel Concession (LTC)
The actual amount of these allowances may vary depending on the location of the posting and the officer's family status.
IFS officers are also entitled to furnished government accommodation or a housing allowance, as well as a number of other benefits, such as free medical treatment for self and family, free education for children, and a pension after retirement.
Overall, the salary and benefits of an IFS officer are very good and are meant to attract the best and brightest candidates to the service.
Pros of Becoming An IFS Officer
Some potential benefits of becoming an Indian Foreign Service (IFS) officer include:
Opportunities for international travel and exposure: As an IFS officer, you will have the opportunity to work and live in different countries, which can be a rewarding and enriching experience.
Diverse work opportunities: IFS officers work in a variety of settings, including embassies, consulates, and international organizations, and can be involved in a range of activities such as political, economic, and cultural diplomacy.
Opportunities for professional development: The IFS provides training and development opportunities to its officers, both within India and abroad.
Respect and prestige: As a government officer, you will be respected in society and have a high social status.
Job security: Government jobs in India are known for their stability and security.
Good pay and benefits: IFS officers receive a competitive salary and benefits package, including housing, medical coverage, and retirement benefits.
Opportunities to make a difference: As an IFS officer, you will have the opportunity to work on issues of international importance and to represent India on the global stage, which can make a positive impact on the country and the world.
Cons of Becoming An IFS Officer
Some potential drawbacks of becoming an Indian Foreign Service (IFS) officer might include:
Long and unpredictable work hours: As an IFS officer, you may be required to work long and irregular hours, as the nature of the job often requires being on call and being able to respond to changing circumstances and priorities.
Stress and pressure: The IFS can be a demanding and high-pressure job, as you may be required to handle sensitive and complex issues and to represent India in challenging and sometimes difficult circumstances.
Limited time at home: As an IFS officer, you may be posted to foreign countries for extended periods of time, which can be difficult for those with family and other personal commitments.
Indian Foreign Service (IFS) officers are members of the Indian Foreign Service, a diplomatic service that represents the government of India in foreign countries and promotes the country's interests abroad.
IFS officers are responsible for a range of activities including diplomacy, consular services, trade, and investment promotion, cultural exchange, and administration.
IFS officers maintain good relations with foreign governments, organizations, and individuals and negotiate on behalf of India on various issues.
They also provide consular services to Indian citizens abroad and promote cultural exchange between India and other countries.
There are various positions within the Indian Foreign Service including Ambassadors, High Commissioners, Consuls General, Deputy High Commissioners, First Secretaries, and Second Secretaries, each with their own specific responsibilities.
IFS Officers are one of the most paid employees of the Indian Govt. There are various pros and cons of becoming an IFS Officer. Overall, it is very rewarding as well as challenging to become an IFS Officer.
How To Become An IFS Officer After 12th Std.?
To become an Indian Foreign Service (IFS) officer after completing the 12th standard (also known as the Higher Secondary School Certificate or HSC), you must first complete a bachelor's degree from a recognized university.
After obtaining a degree, you can then apply for the Civil Services Examination (CSE) conducted by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC).
What Is The Training Period For An IFS Officer?
The training period for an Indian Foreign Service (IFS) officer is approximately 2 years.
The training includes a foundation course at the Lal Bahadur Shastri National Academy of Administration (LBSNAA) in Mussoorie, followed by language training and specialized training in various subjects such as diplomacy, consular services, trade, and administration.
Is It Possible To Become An IFS Officer Without UPSC?
It is not possible to become an Indian Foreign Service (IFS) officer without appearing for the Civil Services Examination (CSE) conducted by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC).
The CSE is the only recruitment exam for the IFS and other civil services in India.
How Many Years Does It Take To Become An IFS Officer?
It typically takes around 2 years to become an Indian Foreign Service (IFS) officer after the Civil Services Examination (CSE) is taken.
What Is The Qualification Of An IFS Officer?
To be eligible to become an Indian Foreign Service (IFS) officer, candidates must hold a bachelor's degree from a recognized university.
They must also pass the Civil Services Examination (CSE) conducted by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC).
Is It Easy To Become An IFS Officer?
It is not easy to become an Indian Foreign Service (IFS) officer as the selection process for the IFS is competitive and rigorous.
Candidates must pass the Civil Services Examination (CSE) conducted by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) and perform well in the Personality Test (Interview) to be eligible for appointment to the IFS.
At What Age Does An IFS Officer Retire?
An Indian Foreign Service (IFS) officer typically retires at the age of 60.
Does An IFS Officer Earn More Than An IAS Officer?
It is not accurate to compare the salaries of IAS and IFS officers as they are paid according to their rank and position in the respective service.
Both IAS and IFS officers receive a similar salary at the entry-level, but the salary may differ at higher levels of service due to various factors such as promotions, special allowances, and perks.
Is IFS Better Than IAS?
It is not accurate to say that one service is "better" than the other as both the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) and the Indian Foreign Service (IFS) have their own unique responsibilities and offer different career opportunities.
It ultimately depends on an individual's interests and career goals..
Is Maths Compulsory For Indian Foreign Service?
No, mathematics is not a compulsory subject for the Indian Foreign Service (IFS) exam.
Is It Difficult To Crack the Indian Foreign Service (IFS) Exam?
The Indian Foreign Service (IFS) exam is considered to be a challenging and competitive exam.
Read the article above to find out more on how to become an Indian Foreign Service (IFS) Officer.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


can find the store as well as find the distance from his current location to store.
The functionality we can discribe as follow.
- Admin can create multiple Store from backend.
- Google map is use for Display store and current location for the customer.
- Admin get latitude and longitude value on one click.
current creation store on button click.
- Admin can also setup the marker template for the store.
directory If code directory does not exists then create.
will be displayed in the admin panel.
directory. If code directory does not exists then create.
In Store list grid click on Add New Store button to create the new store.
store status and store Image.
address. And you can see the store Marker on Google map.
Frontend. Store Locator Top links and store locator page.
My Location" button to get your current location on Google map.
StoreLocator -> Configuration -> General -> Google mark Template.
Store" button in product view page. Then click on this button to get Map popup.
can also see the store Marker popup when you click on Marker Icon.


text:
US6037935A - Web page exploration indicator and method - Google Patents
Web page exploration indicator and method Download PDF
US6037935A US09/067,458 US6745898A US6037935A US 6037935 A US6037935 A US 6037935A US 6745898 A US6745898 A US 6745898A US 6037935 A US6037935 A US 6037935A
Cary Lee Bates
Paul Reuben Day
1998-04-28 Assigned to INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION reassignment INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BATES, CARY LEE, DAY, PAUL REUBEN
G06F16/90—Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
G06F16/95—Retrieval from the web
G06F16/955—Retrieval from the web using information identifiers, e.g. uniform resource locators [URL]
G06F16/9558—Details of hyperlinks; Management of linked annotations
A web page exploration indicator displays to a user the degree of exploration for a web page or for one or more links on a web page. A user defines the manner for displaying exploration information according to a specified exploration criteria. The exploration criteria generally defines which links are taken into consideration when displaying the exploration information. For example, the exploration criteria may analyze links at the next level, may analyze links that have been traversed by the user, or may analyze links to a specified depth. According to the preferred embodiments, the web page exploration indicator provides a visual indication of the degree of exploration for each displayed web page and for each link on the displayed web page. In this manner a user can easily tell from visual indicators on the screen the degree of exploration for each page and for each link on each page.
1. Technical Field
This invention generally relates to computer networks, such as the Internet. More specifically, this invention relates to an indicator and method for visually indicating the degree of exploration for a web page or for a link on a web page.
2. Background Art
The development of the EDVAC computer system of 1948 is often cited as the beginning of the computer era. Since that time, computer systems have evolved into extremely sophisticated devices, and computer systems may be found in many different settings. The widespread proliferation of computers prompted the development of computer networks that allow computers to communicate with each other. With the introduction of the personal computer (PC), computing became accessible to large numbers of people. Networks for personal computers were developed that allow individual users to communicate with each other. In this manner, a large number of people within a company could communicate with other computers on the network.
One significant computer network that has recently become very popular is the Internet. The Internet grew out of this proliferation of computers and networks, and has evolved into a sophisticated worldwide network of computer system resources commonly known as the "world-wide-web", or WWW. A user at an individual PC (i.e., workstation) that wishes to access the Internet typically does so using a software application known as a web browser. A web browser makes a connection via the Internet to other computers known as web servers, and receives information from the web servers that is displayed on the user's workstation. Information transmitted from the web server to the web browser is generally formatted using a specialized language called Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) and is typically organized into pages known as web pages. Many web pages include one or more special reference locations known as "links" that invoke other web pages. Links allow a web user to easily navigate to other web pages of interest by clicking on the appropriate link with a mouse or other pointing device.
Known web browsers indicate that a link on a page has been explored by coloring the link a different color than links that have not been explored. However, if a user were to follow an explored link, he or she may find numerous links that have not yet been explored on the page corresponding to the link. There is currently no convenient way for a user who is navigating through a web site to determine the degree of exploration for a particular web page or link.
As the number of Internet users, providers, and web servers continues to rapidly expand, it will become increasingly important for a web user to be able to determine the degree of exploration for a link on a web page. Without improvements that can display exploration information to web users, the current methods of displaying web pages and their links will continue to be an impediment to the effective usage of resources available on the Internet and other computer networks.
According to the present invention, a web page exploration indicator displays to a user the degree of exploration for a web page or for one or more links on a web page. A user defines the manner for displaying exploration information according to a specified exploration criteria. The exploration criteria generally defines which links are taken into consideration when displaying the exploration information. For example, the exploration criteria may analyze links at the next level, may analyze links that have been traversed by the user, or may analyze links to a specified depth. According to the preferred embodiments, the web page exploration indicator provides a visual indication of the degree of exploration for each displayed web page and for each link on the displayed web page. In this manner a user can easily tell from visual indicators on the screen the degree of exploration for each page and for each link on each page.
The preferred exemplary embodiments of the present invention will hereinafter be described in conjunction with the appended drawings, where like designations denote like elements, and:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a computer system that displays the degree of exploration for web pages and links in accordance with the preferred embodiments;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a typical Internet connection;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a computer system that displays the degree of exploration for web pages in accordance with a preferred embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a group of web pages for illustrating the function of the web page exploration indicator of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a sample browser display showing the first web page of FIG. 4 with its three links and associated web page exploration indicators;
FIG. 6 is a flow diagram of a method for displaying web page exploration information in accordance with the preferred embodiments;
FIGS. 7-11 each show different possible web page exploration indicators; and
FIG. 12 is a display of a possible setup menu for the web page exploration indicator of FIG. 1.
The method and apparatus of the present invention has particular applicability to navigating through web pages on the Internet. For those individuals who are not familiar with the Internet, a brief overview of relevant Internet concepts is presented here.
Internet Communications
An example of a typical Internet connection is shown in FIG. 2. A user that wishes to access information on the Internet 170 typically has a computer workstation 210 known as a web client that executes an application program known as a web browser 220. Under the control of web browser 220, workstation 210 sends a request for a web page over the Internet 170. Web page data can be in the form of text, graphics and other forms of information, collectively known as MIE data. Each web server on the Internet has a known address, termed the Uniform Resource Locator (URL), which the web browser uses to connect to the appropriate web server. Because web server 230 can contain more than one web page, the user will also specify in the address which particular web page he wants to view on web server 230. A web server computer system 230 executes a web server application 240, monitors requests, and services requests for which it has responsibility. When a request specifies web server 230, web server application 240 generally accesses a web page corresponding to the specific request, and transmits the page to the user's workstation 210.
A web page may contain various types of MIME data. Most web pages include visual data that is intended to be displayed on the monitor of user workstation 210. Web pages are generally written in Hypertext Markup Language (HTML). When web server 230 receives a web page request, it will send the requested page in HTML form across the Internet 170 to the requesting web browser 220. Web browser 220 understands HTML and interprets it and outputs the web page to the monitor of user workstation 210. This web page displayed on the user's screen may contain any suitable MIME data, including text, graphics, and links (which reference addresses of other web pages). These other web pages (i.e., those represented by links) may be on the same or on different web servers. The user can invoke these other web pages by clicking on these links using a mouse or other pointing device. This entire system of web pages with links to other web pages on other servers across the world is known as the "World Wide Web".
2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The present invention improves the convenience of browsing web pages by providing an indication of the degree of exploration for each page and for each link. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention applies equally to the navigation between any linked data, whether the data be in the form of web pages, database records, or other data that may be linked or interrelated. Furthermore, while the preferred embodiments described herein discuss web pages on the Internet, the present invention expressly encompasses any and all means and methods for linking data together. Thus, browsing pages on an intranet is likewise within the scope of the invention, as is the navigation through any set of data linked to other data on a computer system.
Referring to FIG. 1, a computer system 100 in accordance with the preferred embodiment is an enhanced IBM AS/400 computer system. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the mechanisms and apparatus of the present invention apply equally to any computer system, regardless of whether the computer system is a complicated multi-user computing apparatus or a single user workstation. As shown in FIG. 1, computer system 100 comprises a processor 110 connected to a main memory 120, a mass storage interface 130, a terminal interface 140, and a network interface 150. These system components are interconnected through the use of a system bus 160. Mass storage interface 130 is used to connect mass storage devices (such as a direct access storage device 155) to computer system 100. One specific type of direct access storage device is a floppy disk drive, which may store data to and read data from a floppy diskette 195.
Main memory 120 includes data 122, operating system 124, and a web browser 126 that is used to view one or more web pages 127, and that contains a web page exploration indicator 128. In the best mode of the invention, web page exploration indicator 128 is a part of web browser 126; however, it is within the scope of the present invention for web page exploration indicator 128 to be a separate computer program, or to be a part of other computer programs in a computer system. For example, web page exploration indicator 128 may be a computer program separate from all others, may be a part of operating system 124, or may be a plug-in for web browser 126.
Computer system 100 utilizes well known virtual addressing mechanisms that allow the programs of computer system 100 to behave as if they only have access to a large, single storage entity instead of access to multiple, smaller storage entities such as main memory 120 and DASD device 155. Therefore, while data 122, operating system 124, browser 126, web pages 127, and web page exploration indicator 128 are shown to reside in main memory 120, those skilled in the art will recognize that these items are not necessarily all completely contained in main memory 120 at the same time. It should also be noted that the term "memory" is used herein to generically refer to the entire virtual memory of computer system 100.
Processor 110 may be constructed from one or more microprocessors and/or integrated circuits. Processor 110 executes program instructions stored in main memory 120. Main memory 120 stores programs and data that processor 110 may access. When computer system 100 starts up, processor 1 0 initially executes the program instructions that make up operating system 124. Operating system 124 is a sophisticated program that manages the resources of computer system 100. Some of these resources are processor 110, main memory 120, mass storage interface 130, terminal interface 140, network interface 150, and system bus 160. Operating system 124 is a multitasking operating system known in the industry as OS/400; however, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the spirit and scope of the present invention is not limited to any one operating system.
Although computer system 100 is shown to contain only a single processor and a single system bus, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention may be practiced using a computer system that has multiple processors and/or multiple buses. In addition, the interfaces (called input/output processors in AS/400 terminology) that are used in the preferred embodiment each include separate, fully programmed microprocessors that are used to off-load compute-intensive processing from processor 110. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention applies equally to computer systems that simply use I/O adapters to perform similar functions.
Terminal interface 140 is used to directly connect one or more terminals 165 to computer system 100. These terminals 165, which may be non-intelligent (i.e., dumb) terminals or fully programmable workstations, are used to allow system administrators and users to communicate with computer system 100.
Network interface 150 is used to connect other computer systems and/or workstations (e.g., 175 in FIG. 1) to computer system 100 across a network 170. The present invention applies equally no matter how computer system 100 may be connected to other computer systems and/or workstations, regardless of whether the network connection 170 is made using present-day analog and/or digital techniques or via some networking mechanism of the future. In addition, many different network protocols can be used to implement a network. These protocols are specialized computer programs that allow computers to communicate across network 170. TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) is an example of a suitable network protocol.
It is also important to point out that the presence of network interface 150 within computer system 100 means that computer system 100 may engage in cooperative processing with one or more other computer systems or workstations on network 170. Of course, this in turn means that the programs and data shown in main memory 120 need not necessarily all reside on computer system 100. For example, one or more portions of object update mechanism 129 may reside on another system and engage in cooperative processing with one or more programs that reside on computer system 100. This cooperative processing could be accomplished through use of one of the well known client-server mechanisms such as remote procedure call (RPC).
At this point, it is important to note that while the present invention has been (and will continue to be) described in the context of a fully functional computer system, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention is capable of being distributed as a program product in a variety of forms, and that the present invention applies equally regardless of the particular type of signal bearing media used to actually carry out the distribution. Examples of suitable signal bearing media include: recordable type media such as floppy disks (e.g., 195 of FIG. 1) and CD ROM, and transmission type media such as digital and analog communications links.
Referring to FIG. 3, a computer system 300 in accordance with a preferred embodiment has a web server 230 running a web server application 240 couple to the Internet 170, as in the prior art. However, the invention defines a new web client 310 that includes web browser application 126 that contains web page exploration indicator 128. Web page exploration indicator 128 provides a visual indication to the user of the degree of exploration for a particular web page 127 and for one or more links on the web page. The remainder of this specification will describe the preferred embodiments for the web page exploration indicator 128 which visually displays to a user the degree of exploration for a particular web page and for links on the web page.
A sample hierarchy of web pages is shown in FIG. 4 as an example that will help to illustrate the salient aspects of the preferred embodiments. A first web page 411 includes three links 421, 422 and 423. A second web page 450 includes three links as well. Link 1 421 on first web page 411 corresponds to a web page 441 that has two links 424 and 425. Link 2 422 on first web page 411 corresponds to a web page 442 that has one link 426. Link 3 423 on first web page 411 corresponds to a web page 443 that has two links 427 and 428.
In similar fashion, the links 424 and 425 on web page 441 correspond to web pages 444 and 445 with their own links; link 426 on web page 442 corresponds to web page 446 with its own links; and the links 427 and 428 on web page 443 correspond to web pages 447 and 448 with their own links. For the sake of explaining the preferred embodiments, the top level of web pages is referred to as level 1, the second as level 2, and the third as level 3. One skilled in the art will recognize that each of the links at level 3 will have corresponding pages at other levels. The world-wide web provides a very complex web of pages on many different levels. The example of FIG. 4 is simplified to illustrate the preferred embodiments herein. For the sake of example we assume that the following links have been visited: at level 1, link 1 421, link 2 422 and link 3 423; at level 2, link A 424, link D 426, and link G 428; at level 3, link II 430, link VI 434, and link X 438. Each of these links are shaded in FIG. 4 to indicate that these links have been visited.
Referring to FIG. 5, a display 500 of first web page 411 is shown. Display 500 represents how web page 411 is displayed to a user. According to the best mode of the invention, page 411 includes four different web page exploration indicators 128, namely 510, 520, 530 and 540. The first web page exploration indicator 510 is an indicator that displays to the user a visual indication of the degree of exploration for page 411. The degree of exploration may be determined in a variety of ways, as described in more detail below. Web page exploration indicator 520 displays the degree of exploration for link 1 421; web page exploration indicator 530 displays the degree of exploration for link 2 422; and web page exploration indicator 540 displays the degree of exploration for link 3 423.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are explained in terms of the "degree of exploration" for a web page or a link on a web page. The degree of exploration is based on one or more exploration criteria. The exploration criteria are suitably setup by a user according to the user's preference. One example of a suitable exploration criteria examines the degree of exploration for the "next level". This criteria, when applied to a web page, examines how many links on the web page have been visited. When applied to a selected link, this criteria examines how many of the links on the web page that correspond to the selected link (i.e., at the next level) have been explored. For the example in FIG. 4, we consider the example of first web page 411, as illustrated in FIG. 5. For the discussion herein, we describe the web page exploration indicator as displaying a percentage that represents the degree of exploration for a page or a link. This percentage may be represented visually in a number of different forms, as described below with respect to FIGS. 7-11.
Referring again to FIGS. 4 and 5, because all three of the links on page 411 have been explored, web page exploration indicator 510 for web page 411 will show 100% exploration. To determine the degree of exploration for link 1, we must descend to the next level to determine how many links on the web page corresponding to link 1 have been visited. For our example, link A 424 has been visited but link B 425 has not, so the degree of exploration for link 1 421 will be 50%, and the web page exploration indicator 520 for link 1 421 will indicate 50% exploration. Descending to the next level for link 2 422, web page 442 that corresponds to link 2 has only one link, link D 426, and link D 426 has been visited. Thus, the web page exploration indicator 530 for link 2 422 will indicate 100% exploration. Descending to the next level for link 3 423, web page 443 that corresponds to link 3 has two links 427 and 428, one of which has been visited. Web page exploration indicator 540 for link 3 will therefore display 50% exploration.
Another suitable exploration criteria examines all links that have been traversed. For the example of FIG. 4, the web page exploration indicator 520 for a link counts the total links in web pages that have been visited under that link and divides by the total links in visited links under that link. For example, for link 1 421, only link A on web page 441 has been visited, and only link II on the web page corresponding to link A has been visited. The total links in visited links below link 1 is five, two links 424 and 425 in web page 441, and three links 429, 430 and 431 in web page 444. Of these five links, a total of two have been visited. Thus, the degree of exploration 520 for link 1 421 is 2/5, or 40%. The links on link B web page 445 are not considered because link B 425 has not been visited. In similar fashion, web page exploration indicator 530 for link 2 422 is 2/4, or 50%. Web page exploration indicator 540 for link 3 423 does not include link IX 437 because link F 427 has not been visited. Web page exploration indicator 540 is thus 2/4, or 50%. Note that the web page exploration indicator 510 for web page 411 suitably derives its information from the web page exploration indicators for all of its links. Thus, the degree of exploration for link 1 is 2/5, for link 2 is 2/4, and for link 3 is 2/4. The total is 6/13, or 46.2%, which is displayed in web page exploration indicator 510 for web page 411.
One significant advantage of selecting an exploration criteria that examines only links that have been traversed is that no network traffic is required. If a page has been traversed, it will likely reside in the web browser's cache, and determining the degree of exploration for a page or a link is a matter of reading information that already resides in the cache. In the alternative, when a web page is visited, the link information could be stored in some data structure to retain the information regarding exploration even when the web browser's cache is flushed. In this manner, exploration information is available without generating additional network traffic.
Yet another suitable exploration criteria examines all links down to a specified level. For the example of FIG. 4, we assume that the links at level 3 access pages that are in the next level (not shown). We further assume that exploration criteria is set to a depth of two, which means that the exploration criteria for the two levels below are shown. Thus, for web page 411, its links 421-423 at level 1 are the first level deep, and the links 424-428 at level 2 are the second level deep. For the links on web page 411, the links 424-428 at level 2 are the first level deep, and the links 429-439 at level 3 are the second level deep. Thus, if a two level exploration criteria is specified, the web page exploration indicator 510 for web page 411 sees a total of eight links: on the first level down from page 411 there are three links 421-423; on the second level down there are two links 424 and 425 on page 441, one link 426 on page 442, and two links 427 and 428 on page 443. Of these eight links, six have been visited. Thus, for an exploration criteria that specifies all links two levels deep, the web page exploration criteria 510 for web page 411 would indicate 6/8, or 75%.
A two-level deep exploration criteria for the links 421-423 on page 411 must examine all links at the next two levels, namely levels 2 and 3. Thus, for link 1 421, the links two levels deep are: at level 2, links 424 and 425; and at level 3, links 429-433, for a total of 7 links. Of these seven links, two have been visited, so the web page exploration indicator 520 for link 1 421 would indicate 2/7, or 28.6%. For link 2 422, two of the four total links in pages 442 and 446 have been visited, so the web page exploration indicator 530 for link 2 422 would indicate 2/4, or 50%. For link 3 423, two of the five total links in pages 443, 447 and 448 have been visited, so web page exploration indicator 540 for link 3 423 would indicate 2/5, or 40%.
Specifying a fixed depth may result in network traffic to bring in pages that have not yet been visited to determine their links. However, various methods are known in the art for prefetching pages to allow for quicker browsing, which would eliminate the network traffic that would normally be required to bring in pages that have not yet been visited.
The three different exploration criteria described above are shown as examples of possible criteria that could be displayed in web page exploration indicator 128. Of course, many different heuristics could be used to generate a number that is representative of the degree of exploration for a page or a link. For example, a user could combine the "anything traversed" criteria with the "fixed depth" criteria to include only those links visited down to a specified level. Another possible heuristic would weight the visited web pages according to their level so that pages that are closer have a greater impact on the degree of exploration than more distant pages. The present invention expressly encompasses any and all methods and exploration criteria for computing a degree of exploration for a web page or a link.
The present invention extends to any visual indication of the degree of exploration for a web page or a link. Some examples are presented herein to illustrate just a few of the many different ways the degree of exploration could be displayed to a user. These examples show the display of web page exploration indicator 128 next to a link 421 to indicate the degree of exploration for that link (such as indicators 520, 530 and 540 of FIG. 5), but the examples apply equally to an indicator for a particular web page being viewed as well (such as indicator 510 of FIG. 5).
Referring to FIG. 7, web page exploration indicator 128 is in the form of a bar graph to the right of the link that is filled to a level indicative of the degree of exploration for the link. In FIG. 8, the bar graph is put on its side, with the degree of exploration represented by the portion filled in to the left. Each of the bar graphs of FIGS. 7 and 8 represent that the link has been 50% explored. Color could be used to enhance the visual display of the degree of exploration.
Referring to FIG. 9, web page exploration indicator 128 could also be displayed as an ordinal fraction. For example, if there are two links on the page that corresponds to link 1 421, and if one of the two links has been explored, a fraction 1/2 could be displayed to indicate that one of the two links on that page have been explored.
Referring to FIGS. 10 and 11, another option for indicating the degree of exploration for a link is to provide a visual indication on a pointing device. For example, known mouse and trackball devices commonly used with modem computer systems may include an arrow, hand, or other pointer. As shown in FIG. 10, an arrow may be filled in proportional to the degree of exploration for the link when the arrow points to the link. In similar fashion, the pointer may be a hand when located over a link, and the hand may be filled in according to the degree of exploration of the link.
Another option for visually indicating the degree of exploration for a link is not shown in the figures due to the difficulty or representing colors in a black-and-white drawing. The link itself can be colored with different colors or a color gradient to indicate the degree of exploration for the link. Let's assume for the sake of example that five colors are used to indicate the degree of exploration of a link. Blue represents a "cool" link, one that is relatively unexplored. Green represents more exploration than a blue link. Yellow indicates a link that has been somewhat explored. Orange represents a link that has been significantly explored. And red indicates a "hot" link that has been mostly or completely explored. The color of the link may change from one color to the next as the degree of exploration increases. In the alternative, the color of the link may be represented by a gradient that displays the link in two or more colors, depending on the degree of exploration for the link.
Referring now to FIG. 6, a method 600 for displaying web page exploration indicator 128 in accordance with the preferred embodiments begins by setting up the properties of the web page exploration indicator (step 610). Once the properties have been setup, the web page exploration indicator 128 is displayed (step 620). According to the best mode of the invention, a web page exploration indicator 128 is included on each web page to indicate the degree of exploration for the web page, as well as for each link on the web page, as illustrated in the display of sample web page 411 of FIG. 5.
The properties for the web page exploration indicator may be setup in step 610 in a variety of different ways. One suitable way would allow a user to setup a global default that would be applied to the web page exploration indicator 128 for each web page and for each link. The user could then override the default values for any particular web page exploration indicator 128. For example, a user could select from a menu on the web browser to setup the default properties for all web page exploration indicators. A suitable setup menu is shown in FIG. 12, and allows the user to specify whether or not the indicator will be displayed, the appearance of the indicator, and the exploration criteria that will be used. For the specific example shown in FIG. 12, the indicator will be displayed as a fill-in for the mouse pointer when the pointer is over a link or over the indicator on a page, and the exploration criteria used will be that all links traversed will be included in calculating the degree of exploration for a link. Once the user sets up the global default, each web page exploration indicator on each page and for each link may be subsequently setup to be different from the default. For example, while a user is holding a mouse pointer over a link, clicking the right button of the mouse could invoke the properties menu of FIG. 12, thereby allowing a user to set the properties for the web page exploration indicator for that particular link rather than relying on the default settings.
Note that the web page exploration indicator 128 may be defined differently for web pages than it is for links. For example, an exploration indicator for a web page may indicate the percent of the page that the user has viewed rather than relating to a degree of exploration of links on the page. For a long document that requires the user to scroll down many screens to view all the information, it may be useful to distinguish between portions of a web page that have been viewed and portions that have not been viewed. This and other variations are within the scope of the preferred embodiments disclosed herein.
The present invention provides a user with information regarding the degree of exploration of a web page or link while navigating web sites. A user will be able to tell which pages and links are "hot", meaning that the pages or links have been substantially explored, and which are "cold", meaning that they are relatively unexplored. This information will allow users to more efficiently navigate or "surf" the world-wide-web to retrieve desired information.
While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to preferred exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, while the preferred embodiments herein are discussed in terms of HTML pages, other page formats and data formats are equally encompassed by the present invention. The term page as used herein is intended to encompass any quantum of data that may be processed or displayed. In addition, while the invention is shown for exemplary purposes with regard to web clients and web servers that communicate over the Internet, the present invention applies to any type of client/server scenario on any suitable network. Also, the description herein refers to a "user" that may perform certain functions. The term "user" as used in the specification and claims herein expressly includes any agent that may perform the functions of a user, including without limitation human users, computer functions, and software programs in any form.
at least one processor;
a memory coupled to the at least one processor;
a display coupled to the at least one processor;
a web page residing in the memory and displayed to a user on the display, the web page containing at least one link;
a web page exploration indicator residing in the memory and executed by the at least one processor, the web page exploration indicator generating a display indicator corresponding to each link to another web page in the displayed web page, each display indicator being displayed on the display in proximity to its corresponding link in the displayed web page, each display indicator providing a visual indication of the degree of exploration of its corresponding link according to at least one exploration criterion.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the web page exploration indicator further generates a display indicator that provides a visual indication of the degree of exploration for the web page.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the at least one exploration criterion determines the total number of links on each page corresponding to each link, and divides the number of visited links by the total number of links.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the at least one exploration criterion determines the number of links on each page corresponding to each link to a predetermined level, and divides the number of visited links to the predetermined level by the number of links.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the at least one exploration criterion determines the total number of links on pages with a specified relationship to the displayed web page that have been visited and divides the number of visited links by the total number of links.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one display indicator comprises a bar graph.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one display indicator comprises an indication on a pointer when the pointer is placed over the link corresponding to the display indicator.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one display indicator comprises a color gradient.
9. A program product comprising:
(A) a web page exploration indicator, the web page exploration indicator generating a display indicator for each link to another web page in a displayed web page, each display indicator being displayed in proximity to its corresponding link in the displayed web page, each display indicator providing a visual indication of the degree of exploration of its corresponding link according to at least one exploration criterion; and
(B) computer-readable signal bearing media bearing the web page exploration indicator.
10. The program product of claim 9 wherein the signal bearing media comprises recordable media.
11. The program product of claim 9 wherein the signal bearing media comprises transmission media.
12. The program product of claim 9 wherein the web page exploration indicator further generates a display indicator that provides a visual indication of the degree of exploration for the displayed web page.
13. The program product of claim 9 wherein the at least one exploration criterion determines the total number of links on each page corresponding to each link, and divides the number of visited links by the total number of links.
14. The program product of claim 9 wherein the at least one exploration criterion determines the number of links on each page corresponding to each link to a predetermined level, and divides the number of visited links to the predetermined level by the number of links.
15. The program product of claim 9 wherein the at least one exploration criterion determines the total number links on pages with a specified relationship to the displayed web page that have been visited and divides the number of visited links by the total number of links.
16. The program product of claim 9 wherein at least one display indicator comprises a bar graph.
17. The program product of claim 9 wherein at least one display indicator comprises an indication on a pointer when the pointer is placed over the link corresponding to the display indicator.
18. The program product of claim 9 wherein at least one display indicator comprises a color gradient.
19. A method for visually indicating the degree of exploration of each link in a displayed web page, the method comprising the steps of:
determining at least one first exploration criterion; and
displaying on the displayed web page a display indicator for each link to another web page in the displayed web page each display indicator being displayed in proximity to its corresponding link in the displayed web page, each display indicator providing a visual indication of the degree of exploration of its corresponding link according to the at least one first exploration criterion.
20. The method of claim 19 further comprising the step of:
determining the number of links that have been visited in each web page corresponding to each link on the displayed web page; and
each display indicator indicating in the displayed web page the degree of exploration for its corresponding link according to the number of visited links.
generating a display indicator in the displayed web page that indicates the degree of exploration for the displayed web page according to a second exploration criterion.
22. The method of claim 20 wherein the first exploration criterion determines the total number of links on each page corresponding to each link, and divides the number of visited links by the number of links.
23. The method of claim 19 wherein the first exploration criterion determines the number of links on each page corresponding to each link to a predetermined level, and divides the number of visited links to the predetermined level by the number of links.
24. The method of claim 19 wherein the first exploration criterion determines the total number of links on pages with a specified relationship to the displayed web page that have been visited and divides the number of visited links by the total number of links.
25. The method of claim 19 wherein the step of displaying a display indicator displays a bar graph.
26. The method of claim 19 wherein the step of displaying a display indicator displays an indication on a pointer when the pointer is placed over the link corresponding to the display indicator.
27. The method of claim 19 wherein the step of displaying a display indicator displays a color gradient.
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Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:BATES, CARY LEE;DAY, PAUL REUBEN;REEL/FRAME:009170/0866


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text:
Pardew not ruling out further additions
Southampton boss Alan Pardew is happy with his business in the transfer market this summer but has refused to rule out adding some more new faces to his squad. Ryan Dickson, Danny Butterfield and Frazer Richardson have arrived at St Mary's but the latter is set for three months on the sidelines after dislocating his shoulder earlier this month. Anthony Pulis suffered a similar problem in the 1-0 friendly win over Farnborough on Wednesday, leaving Pardew to re-asses his options. "I think it's been a good summer in terms of keeping the players that were important to us last year and we've brought in two or three because I don't think we need to bring in many," he told the club's official website. "We do need a couple more, obviously we have lost Frazer (Richardson), which was a massive blow and we almost lost Ant (Pulis) but his shoulder went back in - but two dislocations in pre-season isn't good." Pardew added: "I'm a little bit concerned about my wide areas, there's not really a lot of competition for the starters. I still think we need another option (in attack). What that option will be will depend on the market and what becomes available."


We bet you're the kind of kid who's always asking questions. Why? What? How? Where? When? And then you wonder why Mum needs a rest. Well, here's the perfect book for all you curious kids (and worn-out parents). It answers all your weirdest questions about bugs. Yes, even the craziest ones. So go ahead and ask: can spiders kill people? Why do bees dance? Which insect can taste things with its toes? Colour pictures and clear answers take you straight to the nitty-gritty. Make your teacher wonder why you've suddenly got so smart.


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Trump defiant over 'ban Muslims from US' call
Donald Trump, left, in full flow as Ted Cruz looks on during the Republican presidential debate in Las Vegas (AP)
Republican front-runner Donald Trump has stood firm over his provocative call for banning Muslims from the United States as his party's presidential candidates pushed their own plans for fighting Islamic State (IS) militants.
The Las Vegas debate was dominated by national security, reflecting the reshaping of the 2016 presidential contest by the recent attacks in Paris and San Bernardino, California.
Hours before the debate began, officials in Los Angeles closed all schools after an emailed threat that was later deemed a hoax.
Mr Trump insisted his proposal, roundly condemned by his rivals, was not an attempt to discriminate against Muslims.
"We are not talking about isolation, we're talking about security," he said. "We are not talking about religion, we are talking about security."
The billionaire is facing a new challenge from Texas senator Ted Cruz, who has been rising in polls, particularly in Iowa, which holds its lead-off caucuses on February 1.
Former Florida governor Jeb Bush dismissed Mr Trump's proposal, saying: "Donald is great at the one-liners, but he's a chaos candidate and he'd be a chaos president."
But Mr Cruz and Florida senator Marco Rubio said they understood why Mr Trump had raised the idea and avoided criticising the front-runner directly .
Mr Cruz said a more narrowly-focused approach would more effectively target Islamic militants. "It's not a war on a faith," he said.
Mr Rubio said of Mr Trump's proposal, "It isn't going to happen."
Instead, the two senators debated at length their differences over government surveillance programmes.
Mr Rubio has accused Mr Cruz of weakening the government's ability to track terrorists because he voted in favour of legislation to eliminate the National Security Agency's bulk phone-records collection programme and replace it with a more restrictive effort to keep the records in phone companies' hands.
Mr Cruz insisted the new law gives the government more access to mobile phones and other technology that terrorists are more likely to use - a contention Mr Rubio disputed.
"There is nothing we are allowed to do under this bill that we were not allowed to do before," he said.
Beginning after the September 11, 2001, terror attacks, the NSA secretly collected the daily calling records - but not contents of conversations - for most Americans, including people never suspected of any crime.
A new law, called the USA Freedom Act, was passed in June with broad, bi-partisan support. It ordered the NSA to end bulk collection after a six-month transition that expired last week.
Mr Cruz and Mr Rubio have been sparring from afar over national security for weeks. The Texas senator is on the rise, particularly in Iowa's lead-off caucuses, where he is challenging Mr Trump's months-long lead.


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Videos By Character: Marcio P.
A father comes to New Orleans to help rebuild and support his family
While residents like Vanessa strive to reclaim their beloved communities, others, like immigrant worker Marcio P. search for greater prosperity. Hoisting heavy construction debris as he helps to renovate the Hilton Hotel, Marcio dreams of being a screenwriter in Hollywood, where he wants to settle with his wife and two sons whom he reluctantly left behind in Brazil. A former car salesman, Marcio never dreamed he'd be doing manual labor in America. Marcio also feels proud to participate in the reconstruction of New Orleans, a city he grows to love. After over two years of increasingly intermittent work, however, it becomes clear the construction boom has not truly materialized, and his wife is pressuring him to return home. Eventually Marcio acquiesces in order to save his marriage.


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From 1851 The Roman Catholic faithful of Danbury worshipped at Saint Peter Church on South Main Street. By the early part of the twentieth century, the Catholic population had grown dramatically. In the spring of 1905, the Most Reverend Michael Tierney, Bishop of Hartford, established Saint Joseph Parish on the northern end of Main St. On May 6, 1905, the Reverend John D. Kennedy was appointed the first pastor of the newly established parish.
In the ensuing decades, the parish of Saint Joseph continued to grow and flourish. Saint Joseph School opened its doors for the first time on September. 7, 1924. The school was originally staffed by the Sisters of Mercy. Many priests and religious sisters have left their mark in the parish of Saint Joseph. Many are still revered by the present day parishioners.
At the beginning of the twenty-first century, Saint Joseph Parish continues to bring the Gospel of Jesus Christ to young and old alike. Saint Joseph School continues to provide excellent academic and religious training. The Parish Religious Education Program attends to the needs of the parish public school children. The parishioners continue to enrich the spiritual and social life of the parish in many ways.


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text:
HomeInternationalAnswersYemi Alade releases new EP 'African Baddie'
InternationalAnswers
Yemi Alade releases new EP 'African Baddie'
By Millicent
The newly released EP, "African Baddie," by GRAMMY-winning Yemi Alade, is available right now through Effyzzie Music.
On the 10-track album, Spice, Phyno, Bisa Kdei, Zlatan, Bramsito, Joe Dwt File, and Lemar were all featured.
Prior to the official debut of African Baddie, Yemi Alade dropped the catchy single "Bubble It" featuring Spice. The song received more than 6,000,000 views on YouTube and propelled the Nigerian singer to more than 20,000,000 views on Tik Tok.
"I'm an African Baddie, but that doesn't mean I don't have emotions," says Yemi. "Every woman can relate to all the moods on this EP. One minute we are begging a man not to hurt us again and the next we're in front of the mirror reminding ourselves who is really in control."
Not only does Yemi Alade guide fans through different moods on her new EP, but she's also navigating between new genres with ease. Dancehall, Highlife, and Afrobeats are all represented in this body of work.
AFRICAN BADDIE follows Yemi's Grammy Award Winning contributions to Angelique Kidjo's "Mother Nature" Album earlier this year and her contributions to Beyonce's BLACK IS KING of 2021. For Yemi, this EP garners the same level of attention and recognition, capturing her versatility as an international artist.
AFRICAN BADDIE TRACKLIST
Pounds & Dollars ft. Phyno
Jo Jo ft. Bisa Kdei
Ikebe ft. Zlatan
Dje Dje ft. Bramsito
Get Down ft. Lemar
My Man (French Version) ft. Joe Dwẻt File
Bubble It ft. Spice
With four albums, and soon-to-be three EPs under her belt, and with hits such as 'Johnny', 'Ferrari', 'Na Gode' and 'Bum Bum', and as one of the first females in the genre to hit over 100 million views on YouTube and over 1 million dedicated subscribers, Yemi Alade is the No 1 Afropop female artist on the African continent.
Beyond the studio, Yemi continues to impact the entertainment world, donning titles such as composer, actress, and producer.
She is a BET Awards 2015 and 2016 nominee for Best International Act Africa, a two-time MOBO Awards for Best International Act 2014 and 2015, and a Winner of MTV Africa Music Awards (MAMAs) for Best Female 2015 and 2016.
Stream the EP here: https://fez.fanlink.to/YemiAladeAB
Millicent
African Baddie
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Bitmari
BitMari is a payment platform that significantly lowers the cost and increases the speed of remittance payments throughout the African Diaspora using Bitcoin. Founded in 2015 by Sinclair Skinner and Christopher Mapondera, BitMari is the only Blockchain startup to receive an international license to use Bitcoin for remittances from a Central Bank.
BitMari was launched in June 2015 with headquarters in Harare, Zimbabwe and office operations in Washington, DC. In January 2016 the company entered its beta phase and expanded beyond Africa to U.S., Japan, Canada, Switzerland, the Dominican Republic and China.
1 Mission and Services
1.1 Agribank Partnership
1.2 BitMari Bitcoin Mobile Wallet
1.3 BitMari Agritech Accelerator
2 External Sources
4 See Also on BitcoinWiki
Mission and Services[edit]
BitMari uses Blockchain technology and Bitcoin to offer quick and low-cost payment transfers as an alternative to traditional remittance platforms and their exorbitant fees. The average cost of remittances in Africa is the highest in the world, with fees as high as 20% per transfer.
In October 2016, Ebony Magazine reported that BitMari intends to be a catalyst for financial empowerment in the global Black community. In that same interview, Co -Founder Sinclair Skinner stated, "We think technology is a better method of solving problems than politics and a lot of these other things that we're trying."
Agribank Partnership[edit]
In June 2017 BitMari announced a partnership with the Agricultural Bank of Zimbabwe to integrate Bitcoin and blockchain technology into their consumer offerings. This marked the first time an African commercial bank officially agreed to partner with a Bitcoin company.
BitMari Bitcoin Mobile Wallet[edit]
BitMari developed a free Pan- African Bitcoin mobile wallet. The BitMari Bitcoin Wallet is available for free download on iOS and Android. In an effort to accelerate the understanding and adoption of Bitcoin, Bitmari has implemented an African indigenous languages feature that allows users to communicate in languages such as Shona, Ndebele, Wolof, Swahili among others.
BitMari Agritech Accelerator[edit]
In August 2016 BitMari announced that it was working to bring direct investment into Zimbabwe's agricultural sector, and to provide training and markets to sell crops across borders. This prompted them to create the Zimbabwe Women Farmers Accelerator in partnership with Agribank and The Women Farmers Land and Agriculture Trust. The accelerator successfully crowdfunded $23,541 for 100 women farmers so that they could access the resources/tools needed for business success. This was the first ever Bitcoin accelerator for women farmers in Africa.
External Sources[edit]
BitMari Website
Eloisa Marchesoni
Block intervals
ChronoBank
SwiftCoin
TriipMiles
Retrieved from "https://en.bitcoinwiki.org/index.php?title=Bitmari&oldid=375121"
Bitcoin organizations


The U.S. House of Representatives is comprised of approximately 550 individual employing offices. In total, these offices employ approximately 10,000 House employees that work in Washington, DC and in over 800 district offices throughout the U.S. and its territories. Previously, all new employees were oriented to the House and its operations by the individual employing office, and a consistent program was not in place to ensure that all House employees were receiving the same orientation and information. C² provided a welcome to House employees while making sure they were oriented to the foundational core of the House, and educated and informed new hires about current House operations, organizational structure, services, and routines.