Owner of hephix.com. A student, business owner, programmer, web designer, musician, philosopher, lover, and fighter -- he's an analytical, logical person ready to tackles hard problems head-on while bringing unforeseen truths to the surface.
Sometimes it's the small things that count. Friends come and go, but the memories stay forever. Real friends will make you want to be around them. Let's discuss what makes up these friends special and how it's more intuitively in our control than you might think.
It's time to understand why women need so much space and how we can approach that problem.
The act of arguing isn't the issue in your relationship. It's the resulting habit of how you and your lover deal with those issues and what comes of it.
When you truly care for the other person, love them, and wonder how they are always doing, and value them, you become loyal. You can't just force yourself to be loyal. You just must fit the canvas.
Long Distance Relationships: why they work and why they don't work. We'll be exploring Long distance relationships from every angle in this article. Although I can't exactly tell you my position, you'll be surprised.
Why invest your money in banks when you can invest your time for much more? Dive in deep with me as we take a stroll into the experiences that have led me to believe the truth is in the pudding of writing articles!
You have a lot of friends. They're not the best but you keep them. Or, maybe, you decide to pick up some new ones but don't know how. Which friends are your best friends? Should you make new friends?
My boyfriend cheated on me. My husband cheated on me. Or, even, my girlfriend cheated on me. Just how do you catch a cheater? It's time for you to find out what I know, because I can catch a cheater.
What to Do When James the Burglary Master Has Conducted a Robbery in Your Own Home.
Somebody broke into your property. What should you do? Thing is, there's a systematic approach to this, but unfortunately for you, time is of the essence and you have to act now!
So you've mastered financial credit and believe you have what it takes to keep yourself afloat. What can you learn about your social life from Credit?
It's true, chess makes you smart and intelligent. However, there's more to it than that. Want to find out?
Whether it's for money, commercial, or personal reasons, anybody can write an article. Come join me as we break down as to why you should get your feet wet.
Some will say personality matters more than looks. Very few of us, interestingly, will vote for looks over personality any day. Let's talk about why many of us are making mistakes.


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Beware Flannel-Mouth Disease!
By Joe Klein Sunday, Feb. 22, 2004
The 2004 Democratic primary campaign has produced one of the more depressing political phenomena in memory: the rise of the citizen pundit. With Howard Dean gone from the race, the last traces of passion—and, I fear, conviction—have been leached from the electorate. Instead of voters, we have handicappers. Ask a civilian why she likes Kerry or Edwards, and more often than not, you get dime-store Capital Gang: "Kerry can match up with Bush on national security," or "Edwards can win in the South." This is a form of pragmatism, I suppose. Democrats are desperate to beat George W. Bush. But it is also fresh evidence of television's ability to lobotomize democracy. With serious issues of war and prosperity at stake, horse-race punditry seems particularly vacant right now—and particularly useless in a year when we professional blabbers have demonstrated yet again the essential idiocy of political prognostication.
The punditry virus has even infected the candidates. John Edwards' sharpest attack on John Kerry in this campaign was a matter of commentary, not substance. It came in the Wisconsin debate, after Kerry offered not one but two gaseous responses to a simple question: Given your support for the Iraq-war resolution, "do you feel any degree of responsibility for the war and its costs and its casualties?" A small taste of Kerry's response: "The President had the authority to do what he was going to do without the vote of the United States Congress ... That's why we have a War Powers Act. What we did was vote with one voice of the United States Congress for a process ..." And on and on. "That's the longest answer I ever heard to a yes-or-no question," Edwards said. "The answer to your question is �Of course.' We all accept responsibility for what we did." And then Edwards wandered into the same pabulum swamp as Kerry, insisting that the effort in Iraq needs to be internationalized (as if the President weren't desperately trying to do just that). He too avoided the real thrust of the question: Do you believe the war was a good idea? This would seem a matter of some interest for Democrats, far more important than whether a war hero or a millworker's son is better positioned to beat George Bush. But punditry is less strenuous, and less dangerous, than clarifying a crucial issue. In this case, it may be the most important question of the campaign: Do you believe the President was right or wrong to go to war? No long answers, please.
Unfortunately, without Dean, the Democratic primaries are lapsing into a synthetic and unsatisfying beauty pageant. This is mostly John Edwards' fault. If he were really running for President, he would be demanding specificity, and forcing creativity, from John Kerry on Iraq and lots of other issues. He would be taking risks, trying to break the entropy of the campaign. A truly sharp John Edwards might say something like, "John Kerry, the more I look at these Bush deficits, the more I think that you and I should scale back some of these promises we've made. Here's my list. What's yours?"
But Edwards is not a particularly sharp candidate. He is a slick speaker but lacks the crackle and candor of Dean's plain talk. Indeed, Edwards gives the same speech, platitude for platitude, every time. He doesn't talk about foreign policy, and he rarely answers questions from the audience. At his maiden New York primary speech, at Columbia University last week, Edwards was confronted by AIDS protesters who wanted him to address their issue and by local reporters curious as to why he hadn't mentioned Iraq. His bland responses—that AIDS was a test of "moral responsibility" and that Iraq was "a very important issue"—disappointed both groups. "He didn't speak with any detail at all," said Kim Sue, one of the protesters. "I think I'll have to vote for Kerry."
There are quasi-plausible reasons for Edwards' odd unwillingness to confront Kerry. He has defined himself as Mr. Sunshine, and since his future in politics is probably brighter than his present, he doesn't want to sully the white suit. He may also be pulling his punches because he wants to be Vice President. That would be foolish: his prospects aren't as obvious as most citizen pundits think. Kerry will surely want a running mate eager to eviscerate the opposition, particularly in the debate against Vice President Cheney (or, failing that, a Vice President who will bring his home state along—and Dick Gephardt has a better chance of doing both than Edwards). Edwards' fluffy passivity is not a very good audition if the job description is attack dog.
But there may be another, more sensitive reason that Edwards is restraining himself. The real case against Kerry is a matter of character, not substance. Edwards hinted at it with his "longest answer" line: not only does Kerry have a flannel-mouthed inability to utter a simple sentence, but his orotundities also serve to reinforce the notion that the Senator from Massachusetts is a patrician stiff, too smug to speak in a manner decipherable by ordinary Americans. In fairness, John Kerry has been as sick as a dog these past few weeks and duller than he might ordinarily be—but there was a real sense last week that Kerry, assuming victory, had lapsed into flabby aristocratic entitlement, a persona he inhabits when not in mortal combat.
Bush family operatives have done effective demolition jobs on two Democratic presidential candidates, Michael Dukakis and Al Gore. The anti-Dukakis campaign was pure ideology. He was a Massachusetts liberal, a "card-carrying member of the A.C.L.U." He was soft on crime; he opposed the Pledge of Allegiance. The anti-Gore campaign was pure character. The Vice President was a phony who couldn't even figure out what to wear—remember earth tones? He was a liar, an exaggerator—remember how he invented the Internet? He was "uncomfortable in his skin." The anti-Kerry campaign will be a little bit of both, but the real emotional traction will involve character more than ideology. Oh, Kerry will be called a Massachusetts liberal; assorted Kerry votes and sound bites will be summoned to prove that he is a spendthrift pacifist. But "liberal" is an ancient epithet whose power has waned in recent years, and Kerry's votes to limit defense spending will be forgiven if he seems solid, moderate and strong—as he has through the primary season. Which is why the real energy will be spent proving that Kerry isn't solid or strong, that he is, in fact, effete and unreliable. His tendency to surround an issue and talk it to death using fancy language will be Exhibit A. (George W. Bush will play at sounding like Clint Eastwood to drive home the contrast.) As for Exhibit B, the Republican National Committee gave a sneak preview last week, e-mailing to reporters a quote from Teresa Heinz Kerry about her husband: "You know, I say he's like a good wine. You know, it takes time to mature, and then it gets really good and you can sip it. I think he's at that stage now."
Why, you might ask, would the Republicans distribute something so innocuous? Because it implies the Heinz Kerrys are wine drinkers. They probably eat quiche too. Early in the campaign, Kerry committed the abomination of ordering Swiss cheese instead of Cheez Whiz for his Philly cheesesteak—that's almost as grievous as asking for a "splash" of coffee, as Bush the Elder once did. (Bush the Younger has been careful to let us know that he favors bologna sandwiches.) Furthermore, John Kerry speaks fluent French. It is no accident that a White House staffer once said, "He looks French." The Heinz Kerrys hang out on Nantucket and in Sun Valley, Idaho. They don't own a ranch or cut scrub with a chainsaw. He often shows up at Davos. He went to a fancy private school in Switzerland. He and Teresa met at a global-warming conference, for God's sake! He wears pastel Herm�s ties—a pink one at his Wisconsin victory celebration. And this guy calls himself an American!
Kerry will fight back, of course, and he has some serious weaponry, as the controversy over George W. Bush's National Guard service has shown. The Senator's military service, and his cavalcade of veterans, has real resonance with average folks, especially those whose sons and daughters are serving in Iraq. In Wisconsin he won the blue-collar vote—as he has throughout his career. His aides look forward to a game of "Who's the Real Phony?" with the President, who is, after all, a graduate of Yale, and Harvard, a member of Skull and Bones, a lifetime beneficiary of connections from a family far more affluent than Kerry's. And all this from a fellow who would have you believe that he's a plain ole country boy from Texas. Unlike Dukakis or Gore, Kerry is not averse to playing rough. He is not a particularly inspiring or compelling candidate, but he will be a very tough one—and toughness is one of those intangibles that pundits, amateur or professional, find exceedingly hard to judge.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Word on the street? It's ALL about the slogan tee right now. From graphic rock tops to old-school sport sweats, SS17 brings a whole new meaning to the term 'statement dressing'. So if you hate coming up with a caption as much as the next girl *stares blankly at the screen for ten minutes before settling on a non-committal, cover-all-bases #mood*, it's high time you let your wardrobe do the talking.
In today's style guide, we share three ways to wear your graphic top around the clock, to keep the message going 24/7.
Florals might not be the first thing you think of when it comes to that Saturday night getup, but throw a graphic rock tee on top of our plisse slip dress and you've got yourself a trend-led take on party wear. Cuban boots are a no-brainer, while frilly edge socks provide a fun and girly style-twist. As for accessories, you really can't go wrong with a choker necklace (where were you during the noughties?!), and then it's simply a case of shrugging a black denim jacket over-shoulder.
As always, winter was far longer than expected and we're now dying to lock away those knits in favour for a spring-fresh floral dress. But this is England, remember? And there's probably only a week – MAX – in the whole damn year when you don't have to rely on a filter (mayfair, right?) to make the weather look even remotely warm.
Luckily, we've got the perfect style-savvy solution. This season's all about those off-kilter trend clashes, which means we can throw this super-slouchy slogan sweat over said floral dress, and pass it off as a style statement. The green lettering totally complements the blossoms, while fresh white sneakers below help balance out the colour.
So it's Sunday morning, and you're faced with the day-defining decision of whether to stay in your pj's or not. But hold up; do you really want the Just Eat guy – who, let's face it, will be making an obligatory appearance – to see you in your Minnie Mouse twinset. Besides, piece together a killer outfit today and you can 100% get away with wearing it tomorrow, too. IOW, that's an extra ten whole minutes in bed!
Start by layering this super-soft tie shoulder jumpsuit over our wanderer slogan tee. Uber comfy, uber relaxed, and totes on trend. And now for a pop of colour; baby-blue canvas sneaks couldn't be more now, while a pink hoodie round-the-waist not only breaks up the grey, but can be thrown-on in a flash if suddenly you decide to wander weary-eyed from the sofa.
Next up, check out our lazy-girl guide to styling your slip dress season-to-season, or if its mesh you're currently crushing on, then you definitely need to give these three looks your attention. Otherwise, get on over to 'New In' for some serious wardrobe talking-points!


Why add this 2018 Sapphire Coronation: Lion and Unicorn Silver Proof to your collection?
2018 marks the Sapphire (65th) Anniversary of the coronation of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II. This stunning proof coin produced by the Pobjoy Mint in commemoration of the milestone features the images of a lion and unicorn, symbols associated with the monarchy since 1603. The 38.6 mm diameter coin is struck for issue by the British Indian Ocean Territory from .925 fine silver, with a mintage limited to only 2,000.
The reverse illustrates a crown symbol above a lion and unicorn resting in a field scattered with an English Rose, a Scottish Thistle, a Welsh Daffodil and a Northern Irish Shamrock. Inscribed "1953," "H.M. QUEEN ELIZABETH II," "2018" and "TWO POUNDS."
The obverse depicts the Pobjoy Mint's exclusive effigy of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II encircled by the inscriptions "ELIZABETH II," "2018" and "BRITISH INDIAN OCEAN TERRITORY."
This 2018 British Indian Ocean Territory Sapphire Coronation: Lion and Unicorn 1 oz. Silver Proof is graded a nearly flawless Proof 69 by Numismatic Guaranty Corporation (NGC). The £2 coin has also earned the designation of Ultra Cameo (UC) for the extraordinary quality of its frosted and mirrored surfaces, and the high degree of contrast between them. The proof carries the Early Releases label, indicating that the coin was received by NGC within the first thirty days of release.
This exciting celebration of the Queen's Sapphire Coronation belongs in your collection!


Poetry activism/ Interview with author of 'Don't Burn the Flag. Wash it!', American poet Mike Prime.
Mark Prime is one of many American poets who have chosen to use poetry and cyber activism to put out the fires created by wars. Online activism in all forms is spreading world wide. I have been introduced to poets such as Michael R. Burch, Walid Khazindar, Richard Jones, Nessa O'Mahony, Farrah Sarafa, Zamin Jafari and many others through the cybersphere. Online activism has always impressed me.
These poets and many more turned to new media to repaint the world in humane compassionate colours through poetry. But the question remains, can words that dance with a rhythm win the war against guns and rockets? Can poetry stand against heavy artillery that shreds the flesh of innocent children? Can the sound of reason silence the sounds of shells exploding? Many questions were on my mind whilst I read Mike Prime's poems, and I wondered what the reaction of Palestinian mothers whose children have been burned by the American-made white phosphorus would be, if they heard what this American poet has to say. How would South Lebanese mothers, who lost their children to American-made cluster bombs, feel if they read what Prime, the poet, the father, and the American citizen has to say? If Iraqi widows read his poetry, would they stop crying?
And quell this; our trembling loam of mounting death!
and that collateral damage is a coward's phrase.
beckoning it come sit heavy upon our will.
when the heart's gone missing.
of faith in mankind's prayer.
Tamimi: Do you believe in cyberactivism? Do you believe that creative writing and poetry can change governments' policies when it comes to wars?
Prime: Yes to both questions. Cyber-activism is certainly a mainstay of a real drive for change. It is limited only by our approach and by the majority's ability and willingness to seek it out. Creative writing and poetry have been influencing the masses for years and have even been the things that highlighted the causes and the needs for change in governments and their foreign policies.
Poetry and creative writing, to me, have the potential to bring man to reach higher, or, at the least, seek his best moments. My poetry, even if any given poem only touches a single soul, it will have been worth it for me to have written down the words that constantly swim in my head.
Tamimi: Why did you choose this title for your book?
Prime: The book title is, or was, the tag line for my blog, Poetic Justice. Don't Burn the Flag. Wash it!, contains poetry from my early, mid-war, mid-George Bush (Jr), blogging days. It's essentially a book of protest poetry all intended to highlight the need for peace.
Tamimi: Do you think creative writing; poetry and art can complement each other and change the world when it comes to activism?
Prime: Yes, I do. The books cover is a piece of art, I am proud to say, is an original piece from my friend and associate, the artist Ben Heine who was born in Abidjan and currently lives and works in Brussels, Beljium. Ben Heine is a painter, illustrator, photographer and a cartoonist who also blogs about art and human rights. His works are known around the globe.
Tamimi: Following the publication of your book, you marched towards online poetry activism, why?
Prime: My blog, Confession Zero, is still poetry, video, plays, a treatise and photomontage, but my words reflect a change of consciousness since my early works. No less a desire and push for peace, but a different tone and approach altogether. I suppose one might call it a more peaceful connection, as it were. I have been writing and posting political poetry and plays and photomontage works and activism links and peace videos since 2005 and that has not changed. I hope in some small way, or even in a significant way, I have and will continue to touch people with my words, with my creative drive.
Tamimi: What is your favourite amongst the poems you wrote for Palestine?
Tamimi: The first question that comes to mind, who are you addressing with your book of poems and what do you mean by washing the flag? wash away what?
Prime: Don't Burn the Flag. Wash it! means that instead of getting upset that someone might be, heaven forbid, burning a flag, one could go another route and instead wash all of the blood from it. At the time of my first blog post on Poetic Justice in 2006 I felt the flag, the US flag, had so much blood on it due in part to the occupation of Iraq and the torture and displacement of a large numbers of Iraqis, that it wouldn't be able to be burned, so… washing it could alleviate the problem. It was a wonderful phrase I found somewhere on the internet in `06 and decided it fit well with the theme.
Tamimi: Do you think that online activism, such as your efforts of poetry blogging, will replace demonstrations in the streets? would online activism be the new form of a more peaceful act of self expression to evade physical clashing with representatives of authority?
Prime: I hope it doesn't replace street demonstrations. I hope it accentuates it. My wish is that we continue to express our opinions across all available avenues; internet, grass roots, marching, voting, screaming, debating, letter writing efforts, face to face, activism of all stripes. Online activism is and can continue to be serious business, but, if it is all we use or have at our disposal, it will have been for naught.


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Gokulbhai Daulatram Bhatt (19 February 1898 – 6 October 1986) born in Hathal (Sirohi) was a freedom fighter and a social worker from Rajasthan state in India. He was a member of Constituent Assembly of India representing Bombay State and chief minister of princely Sirohi state for a brief period.

He along with seven others founded Praja Mandal at Sirohi on 22 January 1939 and was an active independence activist from Sirohi and was detained and put in jail for some time by British. After independence he opposed the division of Sirohi district and handover of Mount Abu to Gujarat. As a result of which Mount Abu remained part of Rajasthan, however, some other parts of district were transferred to Gujarat. He fought for empowerment of backward class

He was awarded Padma Bhushan award by the Government of India in 1971 and the Jamnalal Bajaj Award for Constructive Work, in 1982

He was arrested during the emergency for his vocal protest of emergency. In the jail he  started satyagraha  with other satyagrahis and people like Professor Kedar, Ujjwala Arora, Bhairon Singh Shekhawat and others. He was called as Gandhi of Rajasthan.

References

External links

Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in social work
Indian independence activists from Rajasthan
People from Sirohi district
1898 births
Social workers
Indians imprisoned during the Emergency (India)
Members of the Constituent Assembly of India
1986 deaths
Administrators in the princely states of India
Prisoners and detainees of British India
Social workers from Rajasthan

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Museums and Castles >
Inherit the Dust – Photographs by Nick Brandt...
ROAD TO FACTORY WITH ZEBRA, 2014 ©Nick Brandt
Inherit the Dust – Photographs by Nick Brandt at the National Museum of Finland from 5 April 2019 onwards
03.04.2019 – Exhibitions
What kind of world will we be leaving behind? Will our legacy turn out to be nothing but dust? This summer, the National Museum of Finland offers visitors the chance to see and experience the large panoramic pictures of photographer Nick Brandt (born 1964), which depict the changing environments and endangered animals of East Africa. Born in the United Kingdom, Brandt sees animals as individuals and photographs them using the same portrait technique used to photograph people. By doing so, he has succeeded in capturing the uniqueness of animals.
Brandt originally photographed the animals featured in the Inherit the Dust exhibition – rhinos, elephants, lions, giraffes, chimpanzees and zebras – in 2003‒2012. Later, in 2014, he took life-sized pictures of the animals back to places that used to be the animals' habitats. The exhibition is produced by the National Museum of Finland in collaboration with Fotografiska. The similar exhibition previously held in Stockholm was one of Fotografiska's most popular exhibitions ever.
The 27 large, black-and-white panoramic photographs displayed at the National Museum of Finland are shocking, but also inspire discussion about what we could do. The threat of declining biodiversity affects everyone. However, through our own choices we can all contribute to the preservation of biodiversity and the building of a shared future. In 2010, Nick Brandt's concerns over destruction of the animals and natural world of East Africa led him to co-found Big Life Foundation. The foundation now employs over 200 rangers protecting 1.6 million acres of ecosystem in Kenya and Tanzania.
Brandt's photographs can be viewed in many ways. When photographing animals, Brandt used a normal camera lens instead of a telephoto lens, requiring him to get up close to his subjects. Taking the resulting portraits to places that have been transformed into quarries, factories and landfills as a result of encroaching human activity and consumption of natural resources leads to a greater understanding of the environmental degradation for the viewer. The photographs also depict how it is not just the habitats of animals that are under threat – people's living environments are in danger as well. "The photographs are my lament to a world that is inevitably, tragically disappearing," Nick Brandt said already in 2004.
"The National Museum of Finland's programme for this year expands our understanding of global issues, the sustainability of our culture and our relationship with our living environment. Nick Brandt's impressive photographs also roused us to think about how endangered animals are represented in the National Museum's collections," states Director General of the National Museum of Finland Elina Anttila. Coinciding with Inherit the Dust is the opening of a smaller exhibition entitled Traces, which explores the relationship between people and animals through museum collections. The exhibition features both natural science specimens received as donations from missions and objects made of animal materials from all continents – from Siberia to Africa and from the Pacific to Europe. Traces illustrates the myriad ways in which, regardless of time and place, people have used animals as driving forces in their cultures.
The two exhibitions feature an extensive side programme, including the Consumption Binge on Saturday 6 April, which will fill the museum with events focused on sustainable development. The Inherit the Dust exhibition can also be explored with the help of the accompanying mobile game Bust the Dust. The interactive and educational game is intended for people of all ages and can be played independently as a quiz as well as interactively in the exhibition space. Players can visit the National Museum of Finland's website to reserve time slots to play the game, which involves answering questions related to nature and Brandt's works at the exhibition, where the lighting reacts to right and wrong answers. Only the best players will be able to make nature thrive again.
The Inherit the Dust exhibition's accompanying photograph publication and the Traces exhibition's accompanying book can be purchased from the National Museum of Finland's museum shop.
The Inherit the Dust exhibition produced by the National Museum of Finland in collaboration with Fotografiska will run from 5 April to 1 September 2019. The Traces exhibition produced by the National Museum of Finland will run from 5 April to 4 August 2019.
Further information for the media
Head of Exhibitions Minerva Keltanen, minerva.keltanen@kansallismuseo.fi, tel. +358 (0)295 33 6463
Curator Aino-Maija Kaila, aino-maija.kaila@kansallismuseo.fi, tel. +358 (0)295 33 6362
Traces exhibition: Curator Pilvi Vainonen, pilvi.vainonen@kansallismuseo.fi, tel. +358 (0)295 33 6432
Exhibitions, Museums, 04.09.2019
Inherit the Dust photograph exhibition became the topic of the summer
The number of visitors at the exhibition by Nick Brandt...
Exhibitions, 03.04.2019
TRACES exhibition at the National Museum of Finland from 5 April onwards
The Inherit the Dust photo exhibition opening at the National...
Exhibitions, Collections, 13.02.2019
The Ulvila coin hoard, conserved with the help of a Cultural Sponsor, will be exhibited in the National Museum of Finland
The largest medieval coin hoard discovered in the area of...


With the knowledge and expertise of Sasha we have expanded our data recovery services. We are now able to achieve higher recovery rate based on the guidance and services of D3. Highly recommended experts for data recovery services.


It is often thought that the rider's aids must be logical and systematic. Mary Wanless BHSI proposes that it is far more important that a system of aids be 'reflexive'. This means we apply our aids and horse responds in the way we want without going through some long reasoned out process. It means that the horse cannot 'not' respond in the way we wish.
"The many riders who think they are appealing to their horse's rational mind have enormously high expectations; they are assuming that the horse has a degree of choice about his movement patterns which they – despite their superior intelligence – do not have about their own."
So all aids should have their basis in the fact that they are the most likely aids to produce results by virtue of their physics or by virtue of the horse's natural reactions. In our course 'The How of Riding' we cover how the rider's body and aids affect the horse and how the horse affects the rider. In our course you will learn the skills needed to guide your horse in the language 'horse'!


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O Grande Otelo de Melhor Longa-Metragem de Ficção é a principal categoria do Grande Prêmio do Cinema Brasileiro, oferecido anualmente para aos produtores do melhor filme brasileiro dentro do período elegível para a premiação. A categoria Melhor Longa-Metragem de Ficção têm comumente cinco indicados ao prêmio, com exceção das cerimônias que ocorreram em 2007 e 2016 (ano em que a categoria teve oito indicados) e 2011 (com seis indicados nesta categoria). Desde a criação do Grande Prêmio do Cinema Brasileiro pela Academia Brasileira de Cinema houveram 102 indicados a esta categoria e 19 vencedores.

Vencedores e indicados
Os vencedores aparecem no topo da lista e destacados em negrito.

Anos 2000

Anos 10

Anos 20

Ver também

 Grande Prêmio do Cinema Brasileiro de Melhor Direção
 Grande Prêmio do Cinema Brasileiro de Melhor Ator
 Grande Prêmio do Cinema Brasileiro de Melhor Atriz
 Grande Prêmio do Cinema Brasileiro de Melhor Atriz Coadjuvante


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Wall's Unveils Its First Ever Collaboration with Tealive Introducing Wall's Special Edition Tealive Boba Ice Cream
Nadia Razak
Just when you think the boba craze has fizzled out in Malaysia, a new interpretation of the beloved beverage bubbles to the surface, as Malaysia's popular ice cream brand, Wall's introduces its latest creation in collaboration with bubble milk tea chain, Tealive - Wall's Special Edition Tealive Boba Ice Cream.
Affectionately referred to as #WallsBobalicious, the Wall's Special Edition Tealive Boba Ice Cream is the latest way for boba lovers to enjoy their favourite drink in the form of ice cream, anytime, anywhere! With 100% rich milk tea flavors and real chewy pearls in every bite, #WallsBobalicious aims to deliver a new sensorial experience to a familiar Malaysian staple at an affordable price.
The product also represents a series of firsts, with this being the first collaboration between Wall's and Tealive, as well as being the first to bring Malaysians a new way of boba enjoyment in the form of an ice cream stick. This collaboration is sure to bring delight and become a much-needed mood-booster for Malaysians in the era of #DudukRumah, where we can all #BobaJeLAH when in need of a refreshing sweet treat, anytime, anywhere!
So what are you waiting for? The Wall's Special Edition Tealive Boba Ice Cream is now available exclusively online via Tealive:
https://tealivehq.beepit.com/ordering/ (KL, Bangsar, Mont Kiara, Damansara, PJ, Subang, Shah Alam)
https://tealivehq2.beepit.com/ordering/(Klang, Cheras, Putrajaya, Cyberjaya & the rest of Klang Valley)
#WallsBobalicious will soon be available nationwide at all major supermarkets, hypermarkets, convenience stores as well as selected Tealive stores in the form of single regular sticks at suggested retail price of RM2.20 - RM2.70 each.


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235. Dr. Todd Dufresne on Freud's Looming Shadow of Deception
by Alex Tsakiris | Jan 7 | Skepticism | 0 comments
Interview with the Dr. Todd Dufresne examines Sigmund Freud's deception and the legacy of psychoanalysis.
Join Skeptiko host Alex Tsakiris for an interview with Lakehead University Philosophy Professor Dr. Todd Dufresne. During the interview Dufresne examines Freud's deceptions from a modern academic perspective:
Alex Tsakiris: I always stop at this point and say, "What would that look like in term of modern academic standards?" What would happen if any intellectual, academic figure of our time was known to have done those things?
Dr. Todd Dufresne: The problem is, Alex, that's there's hardly any modern equivalent to Freud. What Freud got away with for so long, was essentially passing off incomplete results, or fraudulent results as the truth. He did all of the things you said he did. He manufactured evidence and even the evidence that he had, he may have felt legitimately and honestly is so shot-through with epistemological problems because there's the contamination of results by the expectations he had on the patients. We know this is called "suggestion," right?
One of the things that's interesting about Freud is that he was a scientist and as a scientist he had followers. These followers routinely referred to his major works like The Interpretation of Dreams as their "bibles." So we're already in Freud's life in the presence of a kind of cult or church or something that's not scientific. He asked some legitimate questions. He explored these questions but at some point ambition took over and he fudged the results in many ways like you're saying.
Dr. Todd Dufresne's Website
Webinar Hosted by Craig Weiler and David Metcalfe
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Today we welcome Dr. Todd Dufresne to Skeptiko. Dr. Dufresne is a social and cultural theorist best-known for his work on Sigmund Freud and the history of psychoanalysis. He's a Professor of Philosophy at Lakehead University in Thunder Bay, Ontario and the author of several fascinating books on this topic. I'll give you a couple of them: one is titled, Killing Freud: 20th Century Culture and the Death of Psychoanalysis. Another that I dipped into in preparing for this interview is Tales From the Freudian Crypt: The Death Drive in Text and Context. Interesting twists in that one, as well.
So with that welcome to Skeptiko, Todd. Thank you so much for joining me.
Dr. Todd Dufresne: Thanks for having me, Alex.
Alex Tsakiris: We have a lot of ground I'd like to cover. Hopefully we can do a good job of covering it all, but can you tell us a little bit about your basic bio? Your background? And then lead into your interest in Freud from a research perspective?
Dr. Todd Dufresne: I'd be happy to do that. I guess I came to Freud accidently. My background is I did a B.A. in Philosophy at a university called Western in London, Ontario. At Western I really discovered and was interested in post-structuralism, actually. So after my undergraduate I went off to an interesting program at York University in Toronto called "Social and Political Thought," where I did my master's and Ph.D.
In some ways I went there with the intention of studying deconstruction, which I suppose you could say is literary theory but for philosophers, of course, it's a philosophical idea and Jacques Derrida, the founder of deconstruction, is a philosopher.
What I realized pretty quickly is that if I was going to study deconstruction I needed to study not just deconstruction, because really it's parasitical upon whatever it's analyzing, so I needed to study deconstruction and something. It could be deconstruction and Plato, deconstruction and Rousseau. I stuck on doing deconstruction and psychoanalysis because so many of my colleagues at York, in Toronto generally, were deeply invested in psychoanalysis which was a surprise to me.
Alex Tsakiris: Can I interject a couple of things? Why was it a surprise to you? And maybe before that, back up and give folks the Cliff Notes version of deconstructionism, the big picture view there.
Dr. Todd Dufresne: Deconstruction is a theory that to me is the cutting edge of what is called post-structuralism, which is essentially what French philosophy was from 1968 through to the '80s. I did my graduate work in the '80s which is the period sometimes called high theory, which is to say a lot of people worked on French philosophy.
What Derrida Deconstruction is really about is a critique of foundations and what is sometimes called in a fancy way, essentialism. So theories of meaning which are essentialist classics would be Platonism, the idea of the theory of forms, the idea that there's an essential notion of truth which only certain people have access to, and what we have with deconstructionists is a deep analysis of the assumptions of authority and ultimately a power to go into these theories.
Alex Tsakiris: So The Simpsons' version of this, if you will, is just the idea that everything is up for grabs in much more of a way than we've been led to believe. We've kind of bought into a system of education and culture that has some fundamental assumptions that need to be challenged and deconstructed. Is that what Lisa would say?
Dr. Todd Dufresne: That's what Lisa would say. Yeah, critiquing authority and power. That would be the very short thing to say. Usually at the level of how texts and authors contradict themselves in their basic assumptions. That would be something that deconstructionists do. I suppose when I was in my graduate school period, I was very much a committed deconstructionist.
What happened to me, which is kind of funny, is I was interested in deconstruction and did work on that but because I wanted to do a field that made sense as a site for deconstruction what I had to do was something about Freud and psychoanalysis. I had some exposure to it as an undergraduate so I wasn't completely cold on it but I didn't know a whole lot. Because of the cultural interest in deconstructure and psychoanalysis in Toronto it just made sense for me to look at it.
I think what you asked me was why I was surprised that psychoanalysis was so popular and important to my graduate school colleagues. Well, what's interesting in Ontario, Canada where I was doing my graduate work is that psychoanalysis was covered–and still is covered as I understand it–by our health care plan so many of my graduate school colleagues and many graduate students in general would go into psychoanalysis, which was free.
It was four or five days a week of 50-minute hours. They would explore themselves, right? So in some sense people were doing it often not just because they were neurotic students but in that purer sense that they wanted to explore themselves as artists, which is like what Woody Allen was trying to do with his many, many years of psychoanalysis. Not only would you have some things you'd want to explore, some neurotic tics or whatever, but just because it may make it easier for you to think creatively about the world around you, etc.
It's the kind of thing, in other words, that people with excess time and money usually do. In the case of Toronto there's a huge psychoanalytic institute there so there's a lot of psychoanalysts and there's a huge number of students that are willing to take it up. So many of my colleagues were into it.
I came from a fairly traditional conservative school, Western in London, where the idea that people were in psychoanalysis was completely foreign to me. Before that I'd come from Northwestern Ontario where I'm sure I knew about Freud but not in any serious way and certainly had never heard of anybody that actually had been in analysis. So when I went to grad school I met many people that were in analysis. I just thought it was very surprising to me. So that's how I got interested in Freud.
Alex Tsakiris: Okay, so that's how you got interested in it. Then once you got interested in it you, like a lot of folks who have a fair-minded, open-ended research interest, you find a lot of history that hasn't been adequately explored and explained, at least until recently.
Can you take us through the evolution of this Freud scholarship? What's emerged in the last 20 or 30 years in terms of who Freud really was? What's the story behind these murmurs we hear in the background that maybe Freud wasn't all he was cracked up to be.
Dr. Todd Dufresne: That's a good question. I'll back up just for one second and say this first to get into that: for myself, because I was interested in deconstruction, what happened to me is when I looked at Freud I realized that the work of deconstruction and psychoanalysis was not actually very good. So ironically I ended up being somebody that was interested in deconstruction but became a specialist in Freud. My first self-authored book, Tales From the Freudian Crypt, that you mentioned ends essentially before I started doing my own thing with a critique of Derrida on deconstruction.
What I was left with was realizing the limitations of deconstruction and stuck with an area of study that I in fact never had any intention of being a specialist in, which is Freudian psychoanalysis. I'm very unusual, I suppose, because I came to psychoanalysis not because I was in analysis or I particularly liked it. Just purely because I was curious about it.
To follow up on the rest of your question, the evolution of Freud scholarship, one of the things that really struck me pretty quickly was I got lucky in some ways. I was a TA for a guy named Paul Rosen, who's a major Freud scholar and he was the main Freud scholar at York University. He's one of the main biographers of Freud in the world. He has since passed away. I happened to be set up with him to be his TA, which made sense given my interests.
What I quickly realized is that in the field of psychoanalysis there are certain texts and certain thinkers that are verboten. They're not allowed, right? And certain kinds of thinkers that are not looked upon very well. Rosen was one of these people. My great luck is that I worked with a guy that was already kind of a heretic in psychoanalysis.
I was immediately struck by how politicized the field was and how if you simply read somebody like Rosen's work or many other scholars who have been on a list of heretics, you realize that there's lots of great work out there that many people simply won't read because it is somehow it's been blacklisted one way or another. What I had to realize is that I had to find my own way.
And that the field of criticism in the last 30-40 years was made possible by people like Paul Rosen, Henri Ellenberger, a great historian, as well. At the other end of that you'll find Frank Coffey, a great philosopher who has since passed away as well and in the '90s somebody like Frederick Crews, who is an English professor from Berkeley, since retired. These people had to have a certain amount of courage to go against everyday convictions about Freud and psychoanalysis because, like I said, certain criticisms of Freud and certain viewpoints of Freud were just not indulged at all.
So for me, I didn't have to be brave in some ways. The field was already opened up by these people who suffered the consequences of their heresy, I suppose. Rosen, who started off as a darling of the psychoanalytic field and became a heretic, he really suffered personally at the hands of institutional psychoanalysis. He would have wanted to be accepted in some way, I think.
For me, of course, I had no illusions. I never cared to be accepted by them and I also had no problem reading works that people wouldn't read.
Alex Tsakiris: Before we talk past that too much, give people a sense for this criticism. There are layers of criticism and the way you're saying it I think people might get the impression that there's a little tussle over how this should be interpreted or that should be interpreted when in fact the real historical touch-points that we have paint just a horrible picture of Freud—of someone who's really a complete fraud. Who manufactures evidence in order to support his theories, that copies without attribution other people's work or at least he promotes himself as being this original great genius when he's really stood on the shoulders of all these other people.
I mean, the history of it beyond just critiquing theory is just stunning for people who haven't fully encountered it. The other side of that that I really want you to get into to support that is how we know this information was really held under lock and key and protected under the tightest controls for so long. Then it's gradually pried loose. So give people a sense for that.
Dr. Todd Dufresne: There's so much to say I hardly know where to begin. In some ways, from my perspective, what really happened was Ernest Jones came out with this three-volume biography in 1953, 1955, 1957, Sigmund Freud: Life and Work. Then he died. Basically you have everything after the Jones biography, which is an official biography of psychoanalysis, as kind of a response to this official biography. What happens is that people start becoming more and more critical of psychoanalysis.
For me, Rosen is one of the first figures in this regard and it's around 1967 when he publishes a book called, Brother Animal, in which he reveals that one of Freud's earlier followers committed suicide. I guess the radical side of this is that Freud was very unmoved by this follower's plight. He was a sycophant like half the people surrounding Freud, and Freud rebuffed him in various ways and the guy committed suicide.
Okay, that's horrible but not entirely surprising in some ways. But deeper and more radical than that, Rosen exposed that during two periods in the 1920s Freud analyzed his own daughter, Anna, and that's what really got him into trouble. That's kind of the beginning of this movement to reassess the fundamental myths of psychoanalysis or the things we didn't know were myths but certainly we now know are myths.
I call it really the beginning of critical Freud studies. I take it to be a post-Jones movement, roughly from the mid-'60s through to the late 1990s and maybe going on today, as well. I see it as like the whole purpose of scholarship and Freud studies is to move to critical Freud studies.
Now how did it happen? It's really amazing. One of the untold stories of psychoanalytic studies or Freud studies, as it's usually called, is that one of the reasons there's so much misinformation is that the vast majority of books published and that appear under the library heading of BF173 to BF175 roughly—go to any library and you'll find all the Freud books there.
Most of this work is vanity publishing. So much of the field is run by psychoanalysts who have positions of authority. They start their own book publishers. They start their own journals. Pretty soon they have an authority in the marketplace of ideas so it's very, very hard to actually find in the thousands of books published on Freud anything that actually tells the truth. It's a hard thing for somebody to free themselves from many, many misconceptions about Freud.
You mentioned a couple of them. Freud manufactured evidence. One of the things that's not well-appreciated is how Freud went out of his way to manipulate the reception of his own work, right? He wrote his own histories, first of all. Many times he revised his own histories and sometimes there are discrepancies with his own histories. He was always trying to spin his history in advance because Freud always perceived himself as an historically important person, so he proceeded accordingly.
He destroyed some of his correspondence. He would destroy some of his process notes that he used to create his famous case studies, of which there really is only four that he wrote, all of which are failures, by the way. He destroyed the notes and these were important cases. You'd think you'd keep them but he destroyed them. He tried to get his famous letters with Wilhelm Fliess destroyed but Marie Bonaparte preserved them against his wishes.
So Freud was always interested in manipulating the reception of his work and he was largely successful in many ways. People have generally believed what he said.
Alex Tsakiris: Can we stop right there? One of the things I always like to do when we get into these discussions with people and I have just a very superficial understanding of this stuff—you could get into it in much greater detail. I always stop at this point and say, "What would that look like in modern academic standards?" Just what we already know there. What would that look like if any intellectual, academic figure of our time was known to have done those things? I can't imagine but that they would be completely ostracized as just the beginning of it. They'd be a complete joke.
Dr. Todd Dufresne: The problem is, Alex, that's there's hardly any modern equivalent to Freud. What Freud got away with for so long, which is essentially passing off incomplete results or fraudulent results as the truth—I can give you some examples as we get into it later. He did all of the things you said he did. He manufactured evidence and even the evidence that he had, he may have felt legitimately and honestly is so shot-through with epistemological problems because there's the contamination of results by the expectations he had on the patients. We know this is called "suggestion," right? And undue influence.
One of the things that's interesting about Freud is that he was a scientist and as a scientist he had followers. These followers routinely referred to his major works like The Interpretation of Dreams as their "bibles." So we're already in Freud's life in the presence of a kind of cult or church or something that's not scientific. This guy was a trained neurologist, right? He asked some legitimate questions. He explored these questions but at some point ambition took over and he fudged the results in many ways like you're saying.
What should happen with Freud is the minute people see that he fudged the results in a number of ways that are absolutely clear—there's no question—well, anybody that has any fair-mindedness would say that everything that follows from these results is therefore questionable. But that's not what happens with Freud, and that's because we're in the presence of a belief system, like a religion, so people don't want to question it. Anything like this today, you'd lose tenure. You'd lose your job. You'd be fired. When this happens people fall into disgrace. But Freud has never really seriously fallen into disgrace.
One of the things that's happened which is amazing to me because I'm somebody who works in the humanities is that part of the blame belongs to people in the humanities and social sciences that don't really care about science, or in some ways truth, not to be too general about it. They don't care that maybe he fudged the results; they're just interested in this as a hermeneutic system, a way of interpreting the world. So this is the place we get, where people are really non-skeptical about Freud and they don't want to hear it, you know? They do not want to hear it. And that's my colleagues, I'm afraid.
Alex Tsakiris: That's really interesting. I think it will be very interesting to a lot of our listeners because I think that kind of theme comes up again and again on Skeptiko and that's that we all think that we're driven by data and evidence. What we come to find out is that we aren't so much driven by data and evidence; we're driven by beliefs and values and all sorts of strange ways that we protect ourselves.
Now might be a good time to give us a couple of examples.
Dr. Todd Dufresne: We'll start at the beginning. The case of Anna O. was a case that Freud and his colleague, Josef Breuer, produced as Chapter 1 of Studies in Hysteria. It was presented as the first successful cure of hysteria through talking. Anna O.'s actual name was Bertha Pappenheim, who coined the phrase, "chimney-sweeping and the talking cure." That's her invention which was taken up by psychoanalysis.
It was presented as a cure but in fact we know conclusively, with no question, and we've know it since 1972, that when Bertha Pappenheim finished with her analysis with Josef Breuer, she was put into a sanitarium where she was diagnosed as hysteric. Not only was she hysteric, she was also addicted to some drugs for a facial neuralgia which wasn't even mentioned in the case study.
Incidentally, Bertha Pappenheim, in her later life, records that she hated psychoanalysis. Of course she did. She knew they published a case in which she was presented as a hysteric who was cured by psychoanalysis when she knew perfectly well that she wasn't. Of course, she couldn't come clean and say, "By the way, I'm the hysteric they're talking about, that crazy person, and they never did cure me. You know why they didn't? Because I was still hysteric." This is not something she could say.
Bertha Pappenheim became an important social worker and Feminist in Germany so this was not somebody who could say anything. I think Freud and them knew that. And Mikkel Borch-Jacobsen has written a really good book in which he basically says they banked on her silence. Okay, here's an example where they presented as the first cure, somebody who literally clearly was not cured. And really, that's how everything goes in the history of psychoanalysis. They present stuff that is completely untrue.
Alex Tsakiris: Another part of this history that I think folks might find interesting is later in his career. Can you talk a little bit about Freud publishing these psychoanalysis papers on public figures and celebrities that he had never even met? I think that's just extraordinary. In our time it's just laughable but he really did try and pull this off.
Dr. Todd Dufresne: Well, he did some analyses of Dostoevsky, whom he had never met. This is more of what Freud himself would almost admit is like a wild psychoanalysis but he indulged himself because he was a cultured guy and he was interested in a wide range of themes.
Alex Tsakiris: Right, but keep in mind what you said before. He's a scientist, right? He's proposing a theory and he's built this whole enormous edifice of consultants that are going out and making all this money. So with that, what is he saying about folks?
Dr. Todd Dufresne: The funny thing is he is a scientist but he's heavily influenced by literature. What he thought he was doing in some ways was making scientific the insights of poets and philosophers before him. So this is why he was so deeply interested in Shakespeare, who he couldn't believe was the actual author of those works. Or this is also why, on the other hand, he was interested in Nietzsche but in a negative way. He would never cite Nietzsche and claimed that he never read him though we know conclusively that in fact he studied him in university and studied with people that knew lots about Nietzsche.
So Freud is trying to do the science of the unconscious. The unconscious had a history that predated Freud and he was going to make it scientific. So he's dealing with really the history of the humanities and social sciences, in a way. He was a very smart guy so he had a diverse set of interests that much outstripped the interests of his followers who, like you say, were clinicians who were trying to make money off of a particular therapeutic practice. But Freud didn't just engage in therapeutic practice. He engaged in this theoretical sort of work which is where he gets himself into all kinds of trouble.
Now, why did he do that? Because in a way, Freud never wanted to be a therapist in the first place. Freud wanted to be a scientist. Freud wanted to be a research scientist in a university. Really, he wanted to be a professor but that route was denied to him because he was a Jew. So faced with this anti-Semitism, plus he got married and they started having kids right away, Freud started a private practice.
The necessities of a private practice are that you have to have patients. Freud had a private practice as a nerve doctor. He was trained as a neurologist but he studied people's nerves, which we know has nothing to do with neurology. He created this practice out of the tritest of the medical system, which is to say people who suffer from hysteria and things like that were being ignored by the medical profession. So the good thing about Freud is he took serious psychosomatic complaints that everybody ignored before. That made him the first real psychotherapist.
The bad side of this is he didn't really care about therapy; he cared about science. So what he did is he took the analytic couch as his laboratory. Freud was constantly on the look for something that would make him well-known and respected as a scientist and that's what's driving his findings and his manufacturing of findings. It's driving his claims about cocaine earlier on in his career and about childhood sexual abuse and childhood sexual fantasy. This stuff is driven by his desire to be recognized, which is completely understandable and human, but that's what gets him into trouble.
Your question was about this work where he branches off and does what I call "a wild biographical study" of Dostoevsky and others. The best one of all is one that psychoanalysts believe he didn't even write and was published in the 1980s. It's called Woodrow Wilson: A Psychological Study that he wrote with William Bullitt.
Alex Tsakiris: Yeah, that's one I've heard of, right.
Dr. Todd Dufresne: It's hilarious. It is so awful. And what's also great is that the psychoanalysts claim there's no way Freud wrote that, that it must have been by William C. Bullitt, who was a fraud. But we know that he did write it so that just shows you how much they wanted to distance themselves in the 1960s from what was obviously not just wild analysis but bullshit through and through. Freud hated Woodrow Wilson.
He also disliked or you could say hated Americans, but at the same time needed the Americans because they were fueling his practice after WWI for sure. He had many, many patients from America. He needed their money; he let them pay him in American dollars, but at the same time really hated Americans.
He's got some great line where he says, "The problem with one American patient I had is that he had no unconscious." That's the ultimate insult from Freud. And that says something about what he thinks about Americans in general. Clichés. No history; no unconscious; no depth. This is a European matter, right?
Alex Tsakiris: How does this idea that gets germinated here in the United States as it moves over of psychoanalysis and that we need to break through these barriers and all that? How does that work its way into and maybe tap into some cultural trends that are already in existence? It does have this kind of snowball effect. That's something you've done a nice job of pulling apart. How does it hit those chords that we already believe? What is it about psychoanalysis and about Freud's ideas that made us want to believe, that made us want to jump into it like that?
Dr. Todd Dufresne: There's quite a bit of work done on it and in some ways I suppose you could say it's a mystery how it is that this European theory about depth in history fits so well with American ideas, especially when Freud thought America was the opposite of that. It wasn't about the unconscious, but the conscious. It wasn't about the Id; it's about the ego, and so on. He said Americans are only interested in "dollaria." He attacked them very much. But somehow it caught on.
For him it was because it had to have been misunderstood, right? Because psychoanalysis is such a rebellious, revolutionary idea that if anybody immediately likes it obviously they've misunderstood the radical import of it. That was his view.
This is why when it was picked up in France and they took it as a point of honor or pride that they resisted Freud for a very long time until it caught on in the 1950s and 1960s. That's because they took it seriously, right? They resisted it and then understood it deeply. Americans just took it up right away.
I think some of the things about American individualism—this is about the psychoanalysis of one person, not looking at what the social and cultural determinants of your illness are but what it is about your psychological makeup. What is it about your dreams? It's really about the individual. So that fits with American ideas.
To one of the last things you said about politics, I think one of the keys to understanding why it is that criticism of Freud–that he's like a Teflon god in the face of all this criticism—in an English-speaking world, especially in America, Freud really was the proponent of not free sex. Not just the unconscious. But of a kind of liberal view of the world. A greater openness. And this fit in not with everyone in America, of course, but with what we call nowadays the liberal elites living along the coasts, right? So all the big cities on the coasts plus Chicago and some other places.
These are the hotbeds of psychoanalytic interest. Why? Because these urbanites are sophisticated enough to understand that here finally is a philosopher/doctor/scientist saying that it's okay to live freer, more carefree, individualistic lifestyles. So in that sense it's good, right? Freud is on the side of the angels for liberals.
As soon as somebody attacks Freud, like me or my colleagues, that's why their first reaction is well, you must be a neo-Nazi conservative right-wing crazy person.
Alex Tsakiris: Or have some kind of weird religious…
Dr. Todd Dufresne: Exactly. It's not for intellectual reasons. Obviously your politics have got to be bad if you're against Freud because Freud is on the side of good. On the side of progressiveness. Well, in a way, yes he was. That's how the American Left received him. Great. That's why he made possible people like Herbert Marcuse and another crazy guy, Wilhelm Reich, who was huge in the States for quite a while with his orgone accumulator and all the rest of that. So Freud is on the side of progressiveness. To go against him must mean you're a conservative jerk.
That's happened still in France, as well. That's how the French have received the critics, too. You must be anti-Semites. You must be conservative. How can you possibly criticize somebody who's on the side of progressive politics?
Alex Tsakiris: And at the same time, as you point out in this book, Tales From the Freudian Crypt, he's playing some notes that resonate with our religious traditions, our Adriatic traditions, right? Of this death drive. This apocalyptic kind of situation that we're in, right? It's a grim kind of message in some way that he's painting in a much more subtle kind of way.
Dr. Todd Dufresne: Yeah, that's true. It's funny you say that because the funny thing about Freud's views of human nature, especially the late work of Freud is thought to be after 1920 so that's the work made possible by Beyond the Pleasure Principle, which is what I discuss in the book that you mentioned. That's the work that everybody's actually familiar with which is, The Future of an Illusion and Civilization and Its Discontents. That is made possible by the late work.
What's interesting about that work and it's funny that it's so popular in a way, is that this work is Freud's darkest work. His view of human nature is, as you say, a grim view of human nature. Even in The Future of an Illusion which seems like on the surface an anachronistic, enlightenment attack on religion still has in its Conclusion very dark views about how humankind can only change over the space of geological time. The more obvious Freudian view of the world is Civilization and Its Discontents. We are discontented with civilization so yeah.
His view of religion is that religion is an infantile illusion but society itself is something that represses the individual. The late Freud is this Freud that realizes that he can't escape that. There's no escaping the illness caused by being a member of society. There's no escape from being in society and there's no cure for it.
Alex Tsakiris: You touched on this earlier, Todd—why can't we shake free of Freud? And in particular, why do folks in the liberal arts have such a hard time turning their back on Freud?
Dr. Todd Dufresne: You know what? There's a huge investment in ego, in time, in prestige—whatever word you can put into it—that people have invested a lot. For some people to have written a positive book review or positive essay about Freud or a positive book, it's hard to back down from that. Or somebody who's been in analysis for four months or four years or fourteen years, it's hard to say, "Man, that was a waste of time. How foolish I was." People double-down when it comes to their core beliefs and they don't want to say, "Was I ever had on that. Was I ever a fool." Nobody wants to say that.
They want to say, "There's something about it that's really interesting. You're too dogmatic and you're prejudiced against it. I learned a lot about myself, blah, blah, blah." But you learn a lot about yourself by going to church on Sundays, too. That doesn't mean that it's scientifically correct; it just means that it makes you feel good. There's no argument to be made on a level of science.
Why do my humanities and social science colleagues hold onto it? I just think the investment in it is too great. They don't know how to think without it. In addition, not to be as hard on them, after Freud became dominant in North American culture in influencing editors and people who make movies and Hollywood, you have movies and books that are written according to the code of psychoanalysis. If you don't understand psychoanalysis you can't understand major works of literature in the 20th Century. You can't even understand movies.
You can't even understand, at the very bottom of the pile, insider jokes about trains traveling through mountains, right? Everybody has a little chuckle when that happens in a movie. That's a code for sexual intercourse. In order to understand the world that we live in in the 20th Century you have to understand Freud because the world has adjusted itself to Freudian ideas. I mean at the level of its culture.
So these people see lots of validation of Freud. All you have to do is read D. M. Thomas' The White Hotel. How could you know anything about that work unless you knew something about Freud? That's because D. M. Thomas has invested in Freud so in order to understand it you've got to know something about Freud. It's a hermeneutic circle and people exist within it and they can understand the world according to psychoanalysis but that doesn't mean that it corresponds to the world in any realistic way, if you want to use that term.
Alex Tsakiris: I love your line about how we double-down on our core beliefs. It reminds me of Festinger, When Prophecy Fails. He does this analysis of all these cult groups that are around these charismatic leaders who have this prophecy. I think it was published back in the '50s or something.
What you'd expect is when the prophecy fails that they'd all disband and go their separate ways. Of course, what happens is the opposite. They just re-galvanize them toward some new prophecy or some new thing. I like yours, though. Double-down on our core beliefs.
So, Todd, tell folks a little bit more about what you're doing. In our email exchange you mentioned that you do continue to teach students on this topic but maybe some of your research interests have moved on past Freud. Is that true? What are you doing these days?
Dr. Todd Dufresne: That's a good question. I'm one of these people that invested a lot of time in Freud but luckily I was on the critical side of things so I can endlessly say things about Freud. At some point it becomes pointless. You're either talking to the converted, people who already agree with you that Freud is problematic in some serious ways, or you're not ever talking to the people that need to read your work.
I almost had my say, you know? I really should have already had my say but I'm editing a volume of Freud's Civilization and Its Discontents for a publisher. I've done two of his other ones, Beyond the Pleasure Principle and Future of an Illusion, so I promised them a third one. So I'll do that and I'll finish this book I'm doing on the late Freud called, All the Riddles of Life: Love, Friendship, Community and the Late Sigmund Freud. It will be my last work on Freud. It's one of those ironic things; it will also be easily my best work. I've spent so much time doing work on it, I know what I'm doing in it and now I have nothing more to say about it. There you go.
Now I'm moving on. I'm teaching a lot more and doing work in aesthetics. I'm a wanna-be artist, I suppose. I do photography and sculpture and various things on my own. So I'm going to do more work in aesthetics. I'm interested in film and philosophy because I think it's has a field that is absolutely awful so I have something to say there. And I'm doing work on capitalism and globalization these days. I figure within the next ten years I will have absolutely moved beyond Freud. This interview will be one of the last times I ever talk about it, I suppose.
Alex Tsakiris: Hey, that's great. We've got your last word on Freud. Well, it's been great having you on again. Our guest is Dr. Todd Dufresne. Many books on Freud. Just go to Amazon and look for his name and you'll find all that stuff, including this new one that he was just telling us about.
Todd, thanks again so much for joining us today.
Dr. Todd Dufresne: Thanks, Alex. It was a pleasure.
skepticism consciousness science spirituality parapsychology science near-death experience consciousness skeptics conspiracy theories Christianity psi atheism psychics & mediums UFO science and religion neuroscience philosophy religion contactee experience alien consciousness others OBE psychology remote viewing occult after death communication psychic detectives mediumship paranormal Rupert Sheldrake gnosticism ET yoga telepathy NDE past lives materialism quantum physics buddhism evil shamanism psychics/mediums science media Global Consciousness Project psychedelics


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Just Cause Game Download For Pc Highly Compressed
Just Cause Game Download For Pc Highly Compressed setup with the direct link to download the game. The Just Cause original size is 20Gb but I am providing the game in compressed Form You can download this game here for just 5GB. It is an action game. You can download the game simply process the all process given in below you just read and download the compressed version game easily. This game is available for windows, mac, and android.
Just Cause is an action-adventure game series developed by Avalanche Studios and published by Square Enix. The series is known for its open-world gameplay, allowing players to explore and interact with the game world in a variety of ways. The main protagonist of the series is Rico Rodriguez, a field agent for the Agency, who is sent to various locations to destabilize and overthrow corrupt governments. The series is known for its over-the-top action, destructible environments, and the use of a grappling hook and parachute. The games in the series include Just Cause, Just Cause 2, Just Cause 3, and Just Cause 4.
Just Cause games are known for their open-world gameplay, allowing players to explore and interact with the game world in a variety of ways. Players can use a variety of weapons and vehicles, as well as Rico's grappling hook and parachute, to navigate the environment and complete missions. The games also feature a number of mini-games and side missions, such as races and collectibles scattered throughout the world.
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News in Brief: Miracle Fortress, the Elected, Pet Shop Boys, Thing in the Spring Festival
By Larry Fitzmaurice
-- Montreal electronic pop artist Graham Van Pelt will release his sophomore effort as Miracle Fortress, Was I the Wave?, May 17 on Secret City Records. Download a cut from the album, "Raw Spectacle", over at MF's website (e-mail address required).
-- Bury Me in My Rings is the new album from Rilo Kiley guitarist/co-songwriter Blake Sennett's the Elected project; it comes out May 17 on Vagrant.
-- On May 17, arch electronic pop stalwarts Pet Shop Boys will release two albums via Astralwerks: the live double album Concrete, and Battleship Potemkin, their score to Sergei Eisenstein's 1925 film. This is the first time both records will be released digitally in the U.S.
-- The Thing in the Spring festival goes down May 13-15 in downtown Peterborough, New Hampshire; J Mascis, Flowers and Cream (which counts Thurston Moore and Byron Coley as members), and 200 Years (comprised of Six Organs of Admittance's Ben Chasny and Magik Markers' Elisa Ambrogio) are among those scheduled to perform. Get more info here.
TagsPet Shop BoysFestivalsNew ReleasesMiracle FortressThe ElectedThing in the SpringThe ElectedPet Shop BoysMiracle FortressRockElectronic
Kevin Morby Announces Tour Dates, Releases New Soundtrack Album
The 39 Most Anticipated Tours of 2023: Taylor Swift, SZA, Blink-182, Arctic Monkeys, and More
By Marc Hogan
The 34 Most Anticipated Albums of 2023
The National Announce Tour and New Album Featuring Taylor Swift, Sufjan Stevens, and Phoebe Bridgers
By Eric Torres
Joanna Newsom, Hayley Williams, Japanese Breakfast, and More Appear in New Rodarte Campaign
Aphex Twin to Headline London's Field Day Festival
Father John Misty Adds Spring 2023 Tour Dates
Le Tigre Announce First Tour in Nearly 20 Years
By Matthew Ismael Ruiz


We're gonna open the site with a quick blog post, just to say welcome! I'm so happy to finally have this site up, and all of my portfolios together in one place.
Video content is a little skimpy, at the moment, but I'll be working on getting some more done soon! For now, enjoy the current content!
On this blog page, I'll be posting random blogs as well as linking my weekly YouTube vlogs, and I'll be sure to post when I have a new video coming up. Also, watch this blog page for news about new music and awesome things happening!


Dequan S. ""A Study on the Pattern-Designing Principles and Strategies of Sustainable Development of Confucius Institute in Africa" Chinese Language Globalization Studies, ." The Commercial Press of P.R. China . 2011;Volume 2.


Mechanisms of sleek Muscle Excitation or Inhibition by Hormones or native Tissue Factors.
Some internal secretion receptors in the sleek muscle membrane open metallic element or calcium ion channels and modify the membrane, the same as once nerve stimulation. typically action potentials result, or action potentials that square measure already occurring is also increased. In different cases, change happens while not action potentials, and this change permits clotting factor entry into the cell, which promotes the contraction. Inhibition, in distinction, happens once the internal secretion (or other tissue factor) closes the metallic element and atomic number 20 channels to stop entry of those positive ions; inhibition conjointly happens if the commonly closed metal channels square measure opened, permitting positive metal ions to diffuse out of the cell. each of those actions increase the degree of negativity within the muscle fibre, a state known as hyperpolarization, that powerfully inhibits muscle contraction.
Sometimes sleek shortening or inhibition is initiated by hormones while not directly inflicting any change within the membrane potential. In these instances, the internal secretion might activate a membrane receptor that does not open associatey particle channels however instead causes an internal amendment within the somatic cell, like unharness of calcium ions from the living thing sarcoplasmic reticulum; the atomic number 20 then induces contraction. To inhibit contraction, different receptor mechanisms square measure known to activate the protein adenylate cyclase or guanylate cyclase within the cell membrane; the parts of the receptors that protrude to the inside of the cells are coupled to those enzymes, inflicting the formation of cyclic nucleotide (cAMP) or cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), questionable second messengers.The cAMP or cGMP has several effects, one of that is to vary the degree of phosphorylation of several enzymes that obliquely inhibit contraction. The pump that moves atomic number 20 ions from the cytoplasm into the sarcoplasmic reticulum is activated, as well because the cell wall pump that moves atomic number 20 ions out of the cell itself; these effects cut back the calcium ion concentration within the cytoplasm, thereby inhibiting contraction.
Smooth muscles have extensive diversity in however they initiate contraction or relaxation in response to different hormones, neurotransmitters, and other substances. In some instances, identical substance may cause either relaxation or contraction of sleek muscles in numerous locations. for instance, vasoconstrictor inhibits contraction of sleek muscle within the intestine however stimulates contraction of sleek muscle in blood vessels.


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Sean Taylor (1983–2007) was an American football free safety.

Sean Taylor or Shaun Taylor may also refer to:

 Sean Taylor (musician) (born 1968), Australian guitarist
 Sean Taylor (author), British children's book author
 Sean Taylor (footballer) (born 1985), English footballer
 Sean Taylor (writer) (born 1968), comic book, graphic novel and prose writer
 Sean Taylor (singer-songwriter) (born 1983), singer-songwriter from Kilburn, North-West London

See also
 Shaun Taylor (born 1963), British footballer
 Shaun Taylor-Corbett (born 1978), American actor
 List of people with surname Taylor


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Trauma Hub
What Conditions Are Related to PTSD?
Medically reviewed by Bethany Juby, PsyD — By Taneasha White and Jamie Smith — Updated on Aug 22, 2022
People with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often have other disorders too. This can make it difficult to accurately diagnose PTSD.
Major depression and substance use disorder are particularly common in people with PTSD. They may also have an increased risk of panic disorder, agoraphobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), dissociative disorders, and social phobia.
Scientists are not sure to what extent these co-occurring conditions are present before — or come after — the traumatic event and the development of PTSD.
Many mental health conditions are related to PTSD
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that can occur after experiencing a traumatic event. The symptoms include intrusive thoughts, avoiding things that remind you of the trauma, and physical symptoms, like headaches or chronic pain.
According to the National Alliance on Mental Health (NAMI), PTSD affects about 3.6% of adults in the United States.
The Department of Veterans Affairs reports that additional health issues accompanying the disorder are common. About 80% of people with PTSD have an additional mental or physical health issue.
Studies have suggested that genetics may be a risk factor for many mental health conditions. Research from 2010 suggests that this could also be the case for PTSD, further explaining the frequent occurrence of other conditions.
Causes of PTSD can include:
violence, including physical or sexual
physical, mental, or emotional abuse
discrimination, including both daily microaggressions and overt experiences of discrimination
PTSD and substance use disorder
Research suggests that almost 50% of people with PTSD also have a substance use disorder (SUD).
People with PTSD are at a higher risk of developing a substance use disorder — often in an attempt to cope — and people with pre-existing SUD have a higher risk of developing PTSD after experiencing a traumatic event.
The Department of Veteran Affairs reports this connection among veterans. Over 2 in 10 veterans with PTSD also have a SUD — and almost 1 in 3 veterans looking for treatment for SUD also has a PTSD diagnosis.
PTSD and depression
Depression and trauma are often linked.
According to research from 2013, half of those with PTSD have co-occurring depression. Further, people who have had PTSD at some point are more likely to develop major depressive disorder.
Trauma has a major impact on your nervous system and brain chemicals, sometimes leading to a shutdown or "freeze" state. This is part of your body's fight, flight, or freeze response that helps protect you from danger. The freeze response helps you avoid the threat by "playing dead" or distancing yourself from the threat.
The symptoms of freeze states parallel the symptoms of depression, including:
low motivation
feeling numb
a loss of pleasure in things that you used to enjoy
PTSD can also lead to isolation and distancing yourself from others, which may be linked with the symptoms of depression.
PTSD and anxiety
PTSD is linked with several anxiety disorders.
For example, a 2013 study reported that about 40% of veteran participants with PTSD also had generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Anxiety symptoms were more severe than in people who did not have co-occurring PTSD.
Common symptoms of both PTSD and anxiety include:
avoiding feared situations
hypervigilance
Like depression, anxiety can also arise as part of your body's fight, flight, or freeze response. Anxiety involves increased breath and heart rate, which helps protect you from danger by preparing your body to run away or fight back.
Other anxiety disorders that may be related to PTSD include:
social anxiety or social phobia
PTSD and borderline personality disorder
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a mental health condition that involves a fear of abandonment, extreme mood shifts, unstable relationships, and significant emotional distress. BPD is often related to early experiences of trauma.
For example, research from 2017 linked both BPD and PTSD to experiences of abuse in childhood.
A 2015 study found that almost 40% of people with both BPD and PTSD had experienced childhood sexual abuse, and many reported early experiences of abuse.
BPD and PTSD have overlapping symptoms, which can include:
anger issues
interpersonal problems
obsessive-compulsive thoughts and symptoms
PTSD and dissociative disorders
Dissociation is a common result of trauma.
According to the American Psychiatric Association, about 90% of people with dissociative disorders have experienced childhood abuse and neglect.
Dissociation is a disconnect between your thoughts, memories, emotions, and sense of self. It can happen during a traumatic event as your body's way of distancing yourself from a very difficult situation. Dissociation can also arise long after the traumatic event has ended.
Each person's experience of dissociation may be slightly different. Two major types of dissociation are:
Depersonalization: where you feel disconnected from your body. Some describe it as an out-of-body experience.
Derealization: where people or objects around you appear unreal. The world may appear "unnatural."
There are three types of dissociative disorder:
depersonalization/derealization disorder
dissociative amnesia
PTSD and traumatic brain injuries
Traumatic brain injuries have varied psychological effects, including subsequent depression, anxiety, and aggression.
A 2015 study on veterans supports the idea that PTSD and severe brain injuries often go hand-in-hand, showing the potential for weakened brain connectivity for those with both conditions.
Many studies have shown that PTSD is related to other mental health conditions, including:
If you or a loved one has PTSD and other mental health conditions, know that there are treatment options and support. Depending on the conditions you are dealing with, your treatment options include therapy, medication, or a combination of both.
Many types of therapy can be used to help with the symptoms of post-traumatic stress, including:
prolonged exposure (PE) therapy
trauma-focused CBT (TF-CBT) for children
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy
group therapy for trauma
somatic experiencing (SE)
In addition to finding support groups and online communities, there are both in-person and virtual options to connect with a clinician with experience in your circumstances.
If you're looking for a therapist but aren't sure where to start, consider checking out Psych Central's How to Find Mental Health Support resource.
If you or a loved one is considering self-harm or suicide, you're not alone. Help is available right now:
Call a crisis hotline, such as the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 800-273-8255.
Text HOME to the Crisis Text Line at 741741.
Last medically reviewed on August 21, 2022
14 sourcescollapsed
Catanne N, et al. (2017). Borderline personality disorder and childhood trauma: Exploring the affected biological systems and mechanisms.
bmcpsychiatry.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12888-017-1383-2
Chang J-C, et al. (2017). Comorbid diseases as risk factors for incident posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a large community cohort.
nature.com/articles/srep41276
Cornelis MC, et al. (2010). Genetics of post-traumatic stress disorder: Review and recommendations for genome-wide association studies.
link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11920-010-0126-6
Giourou E, et al. (2018). Complex posttraumatic stress disorder: The need to consolidate a distinct clinical syndrome or to reevaluate features of psychiatric disorders following interpersonal trauma?
wjgnet.com/2220-3206/full/v8/i1/12.htm
Gros DF, et al. (2012). Symptoms overlap in posttraumatic stress disorder and major depression.
sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S016517811100727X?via%3Dihub
Pietrzak RH, et al. (2011). Prevalence and axis I comorbidity of full and partial posttraumatic stress disorder in the United States: Results from wave 2 of the national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions.
Post-traumatic stress disorder. (2020).
nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-ptsd
Posttraumatic stress disorder. (2017).
nami.org/About-Mental-Illness/Mental-Health-Conditions/Posttraumatic-Stress-Disorder
Price M, et al. (2019). The symptoms at the center: Examining the comorbidity of posttraumatic stress disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and depression with network analysis.
sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0022395618307088?via%3Dihub
PTSD and substance abuse in veterans. (n.d.).
ptsd.va.gov/understand/related/substance_abuse_vet.asp
Rytwinski NK, et al. (2013). The co-occurrence of major depressive disorder among individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder: A meta-analysis.
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jts.21814
Scheiderer EM, et al. The comorbidity of borderline personality disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder: Revisiting the prevalence and associations in a general population sample. (2015).
bpded.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40479-015-0032-y
Spielberg JM, et al. (2015). Brain network disturbance related to posttraumatic stress and traumatic brain injury in veterans.
biologicalpsychiatryjournal.com/article/S0006-3223(15)00123-7/fulltext
What are dissociative disorders? (2018).
psychiatry.org/patients-families/dissociative-disorders/what-are-dissociative-disorders
Do I Have PTSD or Something Else?
Medically reviewed by Ashleigh Golden, PsyD
Are you wondering if your symptoms are due to PTSD or something else? It might be worth looking into other diagnoses with similar symptoms.
6 Ways to Help Someone with PTSD
Medically reviewed by Matthew Boland, PhD
Loving relationships can help people heal from PTSD. Here are some ways you can help.
How Does PTSD Affect Relationships?
Medically reviewed by N. Simay Gökbayrak, PhD
PTSD is a mental health condition that may affect different aspects of your life, including your relationships. Here's how and what to do.
What Are Emotional Flashbacks? Plus Coping Methods
Medically reviewed by Debra Rose Wilson, PhD, MSN, RN, IBCLC, AHN-BC, CHT
Emotional flashbacks are intense emotions activated by past trauma. We look at their causes, plus how to recognize and cope with them.
Can PTSD Cause Brain Fog?
Trauma can have both physical and mental effects, including trouble focusing and brain fog. We look at causes and coping tips.
What Is the Difference Between Complex PTSD and BPD?
Complex PTSD and borderline personality disorder share some symptoms and key differences. Learn more about causes, signs, and treatment options.
How Does PTSD Lead to Emotional Dysregulation?
Emotional dysregulation is a common response to trauma, especially in complex PTSD. We look at why this happens and what to do.
PTSD and its Effects on Marriage
With therapy, honest check-ins with each other, and mindfulness, you can enjoy your marriage despite your PTSD.
Can Domestic Violence Cause PTSD?
When the trauma from domestic abuse interferes with your ability to function daily, you may be experiencing PTSD. Here's more.


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Dr. Roberto Hernandez-Alejandro and Dr. Andrew House receive a 2015 President's Award
Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry is proud to congratulate Dr. Roberto Hernandez-Alejandro and Dr. Andrew House for receiving a 2015 President's Award, presented by Murray Glendining, president and CEO, London Health Sciences Centre (LHSC).
Dr. Hernandez-Alejandro, associate professor, Department of Surgery, and surgical director of Liver Transplantation at LHSC, was presented with the President's Award for Innovation. He was recognized for bringing a novel surgical technique – Associated Liver Partition and Portal Vein Ligation for Staged Hepatectomy (ALPPS) – to North America, which allows for the treatment of liver cancers that were previously inoperable.
This technique has been used on 32 patients with no mortality or morbidity, and Dr. Hernandez-Alejandro has published more than 10 peer-reviewed manuscripts on ALPPS. He is considered a North American pioneer in this life-saving procedure.
Dr. Andrew House, chair, Division of Nephrology, was presented with the 2015 President's Award for Physician Leadership for his mentorship, role as a patient advocate and his volunteer work training hospital staff during the implementation of Healthcare Undergoing Optimization (HUGO) – an electronic patient record system.
With a focus on education, Dr. House encourages an open environment for discussion amongst his team members and has served as a mentor to several medical students. He is known for his compassionate approach with patients and their family members, serving as a role model for his peers.


1. Submit the application form to AmCham Antioquia & Caldas.
- Certificate of Chamber of Commerce.
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- Permission to operate. (If applicable to the type of company).
- A commercial reference and a bank reference.
- Letter of introduction by another AmCham affiliate.
3. Visit of AmCham officials to the facilities of the requesting company.
4. Verification of documentation and Due Diligence.
5. Formal presentation to the Board of Directors.


That is all that James Boit owned as he began the year in 2010. And yet, through a powerful ELI training, he was able to use those two chickens to make a profit beyond his wildest imagination. I was amazed as I sat at his home and heard his story.
James was a struggling farmer who heard about an ELI economic training that was coming to his village. He decided to attend. After attending 10 weeks of the training, James had enough training, skills, resources and knowledge to radically alter the course of the year for his family and entire village. He learned a variety of skills throughout the training, but his favorite ones had to do with chickens.
James never thought that his two measly chickens could provide much for his family. Maybe a few eggs throughout the year, but that's it. After the ELI training, he saw the amazing potential those two birds held. Through the training, James learned what to do with the eggs that were laid. He was to hatch a certain percentage of the eggs, sell a certain percentage and eat a certain percentage of them. Then with the new chickens that hatched, he again was to hatch a certain percentage of their eggs and sell a certain percentage. By keeping careful records of each chicken and managing them well, James' chicken population began multiplying exponentially.
With the profit he started making from selling the chickens and their eggs, James bought two sheep. Those sheep then began to reproduce, and by the end of the year, he had 13 sheep. He sold eight of them and kept five to continue to reproduce in the new year for him. With the proceeds he made from selling the sheep, James was able to supply seeds and school fees for his entire extended family.
Now, as he begins 2011, he is walking into the new year with 200 chickens, five sheep (two of which are pregnant), plenty of seeds, fertilizer for a crop and sufficient school fees for his children. James and his family look forward to seeing what God has in store as they dream about the profits that will come from beginning a year with 200 chickens instead of only two. If two chickens got them this far, there's no telling what 200 chickens will do for them.
The Boit family rejoices and thanks God for this miracle in their lives. They want others in the community to learn the same skills they received, so they have turned their home into a demonstration farm where others can come and learn from them and gain skills and knowledge. As I sat in their yard and saw the abundant blessings around them and villagers streaming to their home to receive empowerment, I praised God! What a joy to get to be part of stories like this.