text:
Methods: We reviewed a total of 191 cases of SAP patients admitte
Methods: We reviewed a total of 191 cases of SAP patients admitted to the intensive care unit
of Xijing hospital between Feb 2010 and Apr 2012. From the 191 cases, we identified the patients who received EPCD and classified them into the failure group and the success group according to whether EPCD failed. Failure of EPCD was defined as the need of additional surgery or death. We analyzed the feasibility, safety and efficacy of EPCD and the factors determining the failure of EPCD. Results: There were 17 necrotizing patients receiving EPCD. Thirteen of the 17 patients got gastrointestinal function recovered (GIF score < 2) within 3 days after early PCD. Of the 17 patients, 10 (59%) developed infectious complication, 7 (41%) with infected CP673451 necrosis, 2 (12%) with bacteremia, 4 (24%) with pneumonia. Two (12%) patients
needed additional surgery. Two (12%) patients died. There were 4 patients in the failure group and 13 patients in the success group. APACHE-II NVP-BGJ398 datasheet score before EPCD was higher in the failure group than the success group (17.3 ± 7.1 vs. 10.5 ± 3.2, P = 0.015). Conclusion: EPCD of peripancreatic collections was feasible and safe in necrotizing pancreatitis. It might improve gastrointestinal function and reduce the rates of bacteremia, pneumonia, the need of surgery and death. It seemed that EPCD increased the risk of the infection of necrosis which could be easily controlled by conservative treatment. High APACHE-II score predicted the failure of EPCD. Our conclusion remains to be evaluated by further well-designed trials. Key Word(s): 1. Acute Pancreatitis; 2. gut failure; 3. Catheter Drainage; Presenting Author: XUJIE ZHANG Additional Authors: BIN XU, JUNJIE ZHU, QUANXIN FENG, CAILIN ZHU, BIN BAI, QINGCHUAN ZHAO Corresponding Author: QINGCHUAN ZHAO Affiliations: Fourth Military Medical University Objective: To our knowledge, the predictors
for the prognosis of acute pancreatitis still can not satisfy clinical practice. This study was to investigate whether 5-grade scoring system for assessment of gastrointestinal function (the Gastrointestinal Failure [GIF] scores) could be used to predict the mortality of patients with acute pancreatitis (AP). Methods: Two hundred ADAMTS5 forty-one patients with AP admitted into the intensive care unit of the Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases from September 2008 to April 2012 were studied retrospectively. SOFA scores and GIF scores for the first 3 days were calculated. The AUC of ROC was used to evaluate the ability of SOFA scores, GIF scores and the combination of SOFA and GIF scores in predicting the mortality of AP patients. Results: A total of 235 patients were included in the final analysis. A high mean GIF score during the first 3 days was associated with a high rate of mortality. The combination of SOFA and GIF scores had the greatest AUC (0.849), significantly higher than SOFA scores (0.793, P = 0.002) alone. The AUC of GIF scores alone was 0.812.
Physical examination showed severe pallor and the presence of a n
Physical examination showed severe pallor and the presence of a nontender lump in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen. Laboratory investigations revealed severe anemia (hemoglobin 6 gram/dl) with normal remaining blood investigations including
renal profile and urinary metanephrines and vanillylmandelic acid. A contrast enhanced Selleck MLN0128 computed tomography of the abdomen revealed a 23 × 15 × 12 cm large cystic lesion without any septation or solid component with thin enhancing wall occupying the left retroperitoneum (Figure 1). The cyst was displacing the normal pancreas anteriorly and the splenic vessels were uninvolved. The left kidney (Figure 2, marked as 'L') was displaced across the midline and abutted against the right kidney (marked as 'R'). After preoperative blood transfusion patient underwent an exploratory laparotomy. A large retroperitoneal cyst was found on the left side. It was separate from the pancreas and the left kidney which was lying in the side of the peritoneal cavity. The left adrenal gland was found to be incorporated within the cyst wall. The adrenal cyst was decompressed by aspiration of old hemorrhagic fluid. Complete cyst excision along with left adrenalectomy was performed. Histopathology of the cyst wall BGB324 supplier showed fibrous tissue without any endothelial or epithelial lining with otherwise
normal adrenal gland suggesting a diagnosis of an adrenal pseudocyst. Postoperative period was uneventful and she is well at two years of follow up. Cystic lesions of the adrenal gland may be true cyst, infectious cyst (e.g. hydatid cyst), malignancy with cystic degeneration and pseudocyst. Adrenal pseudocyst is an uncommon entity with less Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase than 100 hemorrhagic pseudocysts reported in the literature. Giant variety is rare. Pseudocyst lacks true epithelial or endothelial lining and usually arises from organization of a prior hemorrhagic or infectious process. These cysts are
usually symptomatic and may present with hypertension, shock or superadded infection. The correct diagnosis is made on the histopathological examination. Preoperative differentiation from the malignant lesions, however, is very important as malignancy may be present in 7% of adrenal cystic lesions. Contributed by "
"A 61 year old Greek woman attended our Inflammatory Bowel Disease clinic with a 24 year history of ileocolonic Crohn's disease. She had disseminated granuloma annulare (GA) involving her hands, forearms, and lower limbs. Past medical history also included type 2 diabetes mellitus, rheumatic fever, thalassemia minor, and depression. Her ileocolonic Crohn's disease was diagnosed in 1985 and required recurrent hospitalization, parenteral corticosteroids, and culminated in a terminal ileal resection in 1995. Despite surgery, the patient continued to have multiple symptomatic flares.
As a prominent
adhesion molecule in T cell interactions,
adhesion molecule in T cell interactions, we evaluated the role of CD54 (ICAM-1). CD54 is needed for the adhesion of lymphocytes to antigen-presenting cells for immune priming and for the interaction between T cells and HSCs.3, 23 We showed that both the fusion of and biological effects elicited by T cell–derived MPs were at least partly mediated through CD54. In addition, proteomic analysis revealed several membrane and intracellular molecules in the S100-MP preparation from Jurkat T cells that were absent in the S100-MP fraction from inactive control cells (Supporting Table 1). A primary candidate molecule in this search was the transmembrane MMP inducer Emmprin/Basigin (CD147). CD147 is expressed on monocytes, Selleck Saracatinib stromal fibroblasts, platelets, cardiac myocytes, and on tumor epithelia including hepatocellular cancer cells.24-27 CP 690550 Homodimerization
of CD147 by interaction of neighboring cells elicits signaling pathways that lead to expression of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9, and MMP-11.28-30 Of note, CD147–CD147 interactions were found between tumor cells31 and suggested between tumor cells and surrounding fibroblasts.32 CD147 activation on monocytes was reported to activate the NFκB pathway and induce MMP-9 expression,33 and to stimulate the ERK1/234 and p38 MAPK pathways.35 By using a CD147 blocking antibody, we confirmed the functional involvement of this molecule (MMP down-regulation by 30%-35%). Additional fibrolytic mechanisms may be engaged in HSCs by S100-MPs, which involve mainly ERK1/2 and NFκB activation. Fossariinae Furthermore, although not the focus of the present study, transfer of bioactive soluble molecules within MPs (e.g., cytokines, microRNAs, or effectors of hedgehog signaling) may occur.36 To date, the generation of MPs in general and of T cell–derived
MPs in particular for in vivo therapeutic use remains elusive. So far, only one group infused tumor cell–derived MPs under well-defined conditions in vivo to accelerate arteriolar occlusion.13 The reasons are several, including potential difficulties to induce MPs specifically in CD8+ T cells as the major fibrolytically active T cell subset, or to prevent undesired side effects when using cytokines, biological agents, or proapoptotic agents. Alternatively, MPs could be generated ex vivo to be infused or even injected into the target organ. In conclusion, we demonstrated a novel mechanism by which activated (and apoptotic) T cells induce fibrolytic activation of HSCs, the most relevant fibrogenic effector cells in the liver. The proposed mechanisms are schematically illustrated in Fig. 6E. We assume that similar mechanisms likely apply to cells of other organs once T cell infiltration dominates the inflammation.
Concomitantly, a 17-fold increase in the number of intrahepatic I
Concomitantly, a 17-fold increase in the number of intrahepatic IM (6.9E+5 vs 4.2E+4 cells /gram liver in uninfected control mice) is seen at 8 dpi, along with the influx in the liver of similar numbers of CD45+F4/80highCD11bhigh cells (6,3E+5 cells/ gr liver). Liver infiltration by both cell populations progressively diminishes with decreasing intrahepatic viral titers. After resolution of the biochemical hepatitis phase at 30dpi, classical KC reappear, and the double F4/80highCD1 1bhigh intrahepatic
cells have disappeared. In contrast to these phenotypic kinetics, repetitive R848 injections induces increases in the frequency of both IM (5-fold) and KC (2.4-fold) within 4 days, while no additional F4/80high CD1 1bhigh double+ cell population Epigenetics Compound Library is observed. We are currently expanding these observations by functional and micro-array analysis on the
respective sorted cell populations. Conclusion: During LCMV-induced hepatitis, classical Kupffer cells are replaced by infiltrating inflammatory monocytes and later F4/80highCD1 1 bhigh cells, but reappear after resolution of the hepatitis flare. Therefore not KC, but rather IM and the F4/80highCD1 1bhigh cell population contribute to virus-induced liver inflammation. Disclosures: Gregory C. Fanning – Management Position: Tibotec, Tibotec, Tibotec, Tibotec Florence Herschke – Employment: Janssen Pharmaceutica Harry L. Janssen CYTH4 – Consulting: Abbott, Bristol Myers Squibb, Debio, Gilead BGB324 Sciences, Merck, Medtronic, Novartis, Roche,
Santaris; Grant/Research Support: Anadys, Bristol Myers Squibb, Gilead Sciences, Innogenetics, Kirin, Merck, Medtronic, Novartis, Roche, Santaris Andre Boonstra – Grant/Research Support: BMS, Janssen Pharmaceutics, Merck The following people have nothing to disclose: Dowty Movita, Martijn D. van de Garde, Kim Kreefft, Bart L. Haagmans, Elina Zuniga, Thomas Vanwolleghem Background: Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) near IL28B gene is strongly associated to hepatitis C virus (HCV) clearance, both in acute infection and with IFN-based therapy. T cells also play a key role in natural HCV clearance. In this study, we hypothesized that IL28B genotype defines the level at which T cell costimulatory pathways are induced during acute hepatitis C (aHCV), thereby contributing to virological outcomes. To test this hypothesis, we examined the phenotype of circulating T cells in aHCV patients relative to IL28B genotypes. Method: Twenty one patients with aHCV were enrolled with IRB-approved informed consent between 2000–2012, and included based on available cryopreserved peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) collected within 24 weeks from clinical aHCV onset. aHCV was diagnosed by HCV viremia and acute ALT elevation with documented HCV seroconversion and/or 1 0-fold HCV-RNA fluctuation, excluding HIV-infected persons.
1) To evaluate their potential roles during early embryogenesis,
1). To evaluate their potential roles during early embryogenesis, we examined the expression patterns of all SNXs by in situ hybridization. We focused on SNXs expressed selleck compound in the embryonic liver in this report. Six SNX genes were expressed in the livers of 3-day-old embryos. SNX1a, 3, and 7 were highly expressed in the liver and gut. SNX17 was present in the liver, eye, and brain, but not the gut (Fig. 1). SNX25 was more abundant in the eye and brain than in the liver and
gut. SNX29 was also detectable in the liver, gut, and brain regions. The hepatic expression of these SNXs suggested that they could play roles during liver development. We performed loss-of-function studies on these genes using morpholino (MO) technology.41 One SNX family member, SNX7, was found to be essential for hepatogenesis. We designed MOs targeting the exon 1/intron 1 junction (MO1) or the intron 2/exon 3 junction (MO2) of the SNX7 gene. Both of them efficiently
induced alternative splicing CH5424802 cost of SNX7 messenger RNA (mRNA), as determined by RT-PCR (Fig. 2A). The development of MO1-injected embryos was slightly delayed, but the general morphology of them appeared normal (Fig. 2B). However, liver development was severely disrupted in these morphants at day 3; the expression of cp (ceruloplasmin; a marker expressed in the liver after 32 hpf42) was severely reduced or not detectable in 86% of the injected embryos (Fig. 2C; N = 43). Overexpression of human SNX7 did not affect liver formation in zebrafish (data not shown); however, it was able to rescue the MO1-induced liver defect. When hSNX7 mRNA (100 pg/embryo) was coinjected with MO1, the expression of cp was restored in 79% of the treated embryos (Fig. 2C; N = 29). Similar results were observed
for MO2 (data not shown). These results demonstrated that the liver defect in SNX7 morphants was not the result of off-target effects of MOs and suggested that SNX7 was essential for liver development in zebrafish. We also investigated the potential roles of SNX7 in the development of other endoderm-derived organs. The endocrine pancreas (ins; insulin), the exocrine Selleckchem Idelalisib pancreas (try; trypsin), or the intestine (intestinal fatty-acid–binding protein; ifabp) appeared normal in SNX7 morphants (Fig. 2D-F). Taken together, these results demonstrated that SNX7 was required for the liver, but not pancreas or gut, development in zebrafish. The liver defect in SNX7 morphants could be the result of the failure to specify hepatoblasts from endodermal progenitor cells. We tested this possibility by examining the expression patterns of early endoderm- and liver-specific markers. Forkhead box protein A3 (foxA3) and GATA-binding factor 6 (gata6) are pan-endodermal markers. SNX7 morphants showed mildly an underdeveloped brain and trunk at 30 hpf; however, the expression levels and spatial patterns of foxA3 and gata6 in these morphants were comparable to those in the wild-type (WT) embryos (Fig. 3A,B).
Furthermore, the area under the curve (AUC) at 5 year was dramati
Furthermore, the area under the curve (AUC) at 5 year was dramatically increased from 0.619 to 0.624 after adding the rs10505477 risk score to the traditional clinical risk score (TNM stage and lymph node metastasis). However, there was no BVD-523 clinical trial association be found between the rs1562430 and the survival of gastric cancer. These findings suggested the SNP rs10505477 may contribute to the survival of gastric cancer and be a potential prognostic biomarker of gastric cancer. "
"Background and Aim: In hilar cholangiocarcinoma, an accurate
assessment of preoperative resectability is important to optimize surgical resection. We investigated the accuracy of the combination of intraductal ultrasonography (IDUS) and percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopy (PTCS) for evaluating HIF pathway longitudinal extent in hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Methods: Patients diagnosed with hilar cholangiocarcinoma underwent multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and magnetic resonance cholangiography (MRC) for tumor staging and Bismuth type. Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage was performed at the left or right bile duct of
the liver section that was anticipated to be preserved in the surgical treatment. After tract dilation, PTCS with cholangioscope-directed biopsy and IDUS were sequentially performed to evaluate Bismuth type. Surgical treatment was executed
according to tumor staging and longitudinal tumor extent. Postoperative histological Bismuth types were compared to preoperative Bismuth types based on MDCT, MRC, PTCS Bacterial neuraminidase with biopsy, and IDUS. Results: From June 2006 to November 2008, 25 patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma were enrolled, with 20 of these patients evaluable. The accuracy of MDCT, MRC, PTCS with biopsy, and IDUS for the evaluation of Bismuth type was 80%, 84.2%, 90%, and 85.0%, respectively, in 20 patients, and 82.4%, 82.4%, 94.1%, and 88.2%, respectively, in 18 patients with Bismuth type IIIa, IIIb, or IV cancer. The accuracy of the combination of IDUS and PTCS with biopsy was 95% in 20 patients, and 100% in 18 with Bismuth type IIIa, IIIb, or IV cancer. Conclusions: The combination of IDUS and PTCS with biopsy was highly accurate for assessing Bismuth type and may help in the identification of an optimal surgical plan for the treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma, especially in Bismuth type IIIa, IIIb, or IV. "
"Evidence suggests an association between low serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] levels and the presence and prognosis of liver disease. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) has been widely detected in the liver, but its expression in the course of liver disease has never been investigated.
Chronic atrophic gastritis in the fundus was assessed endoscopica
Chronic atrophic gastritis in the fundus was assessed endoscopically by autofluorescence imaging [34].
Metachronous GC occurred in 12 of the 82 patients (14.6%) and was significantly associated with "open" type fundic atrophic gastritis (HR 4.88; 95% CI 1.32–18.2, p = .018). There is ongoing debate about the adequate assessment of gastritis for risk estimation and the necessity of surveillance for patients with risk gastritis. Rugge et al. [35] suggested application of the Operative Link for Gastritis Assessment (OLGA) system for prediction of neoplastic progression. Ninety-three patients followed for more than 12 years by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and serum sampling for pepsinogens and H. pylori status developed invasive or intra-epithelial neoplasia only if they have been defined as at "high risk" according to the OLGA staging system, at inclusion TAM Receptor inhibitor (OLGA III or IV). The mean pepsinogen I/II ratio was correlated with respective result of the OLGA stage. The assessment of the OLGA stage at inclusion allows Selleck PLX4032 us to predict the OLGA stage at the end point as well as the incidence of neoplasia [36]. Another group from the Netherlands performed endoscopic surveillance in patients with either IM or dysplasia in the gastric mucosa [37]. Biopsies were taken both nontargeted from suspicious areas and
targeted from antrum, angulus, corpus, and cardia. At surveillance endoscopy, the highest prevalence of premalignant mucosal conditions was in the angulus (40%), then in the antrum (35%), and in the corpus (33%). High-grade dysplasia was present in targeted biopsies only. It was concluded that for adequate surveillance both targeted and nontargeted biopsies are necessary. Several authors assessed the cost-effectiveness of endoscopic surveillance of higher risk patients (e.g. patients with IM or gastric ulcer) [38,39]. In a decision model, endoscopy was scheduled yearly for a period of 10 years after new diagnosis of IM in the stomach, for a cohort of 10,000 American patients (compared with no
surveillance) [38]. With an estimated GC incidence of 1.8% per year, 556 and 3738 endoscopies were needed to detect one case of GC and to Amobarbital prevent one cancer-related death, respectively. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of endoscopic surveillance compared with nonsurveillance was US $ 72519 per life year gained. In a similar analysis on patients with gastric ulcer and an estimated cancer incidence of 2.6%, costs were US $ 146700 per quality-adjusted life year. The probability of cost-effectiveness was only 25.2% and was not evident unless the prevalence of undetected malignancy exceeds 6% [39]. For noninvasive stratification of patients at high risk for GC development, the analysis of serum pepsinogens combined with anti-H. pylori antibodies remains the best option.
The presence of clone-specific differences in oxylipin metabolism
The presence of clone-specific differences in oxylipin metabolism may play a role in shaping diatom population dynamics by conferring selective advantages
to certain clones. "
"Recent studies have indicated that long-distance dispersal by kelp zoospores may play an important role in the colonization of newly exposed rocky habitats and in the recovery of recently disturbed kelp forests. This may be facilitated by the vertical transport of zoospores into the shallower portions of the water column where they are exposed to greater alongshore currents that increase their dispersal Selleckchem 5-Fluoracil potential. However, this vertical transport can also expose them to elevated irradiances and enhanced grazing by zooplankton, both of which negatively impact zoospore survival and settlement. In this study, we used plankton tows to show that zooplankton (mysids) were at least seven times more abundant in the surface waters than near the benthos along the edge of a large kelp forest at the time of our spring sampling. We then used feeding experiments and epifluorescence microscopy to verify that these mysids grazed
on kelp zoospores. Finally, we conducted laboratory experiments to show that grazing by these mysids over a 12 h period reduced kelp zoospore settlement by at least 50% relative to treatments without grazing. Together with previous studies that have revealed the impacts of high irradiance on zoospore survival and settlement, our study indicates that the buy Ceritinib vertical transport of kelp zoospores into the shallower portions of the water clonidine can also expose them to significantly increased mortality from mysid grazing. Thus, if these patterns are consistent over broader temporal and geographic scales, vertical transport may not be a viable method for sustained long-distance zoospore dispersal. "
"The coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi (Lohmann) W. W. Hay et H. Mohler was cultured
in natural seawater with the addition of either the microtubule-inhibitor colchicine, the actin-inhibitor cytochalasin B, or the photosynthesis inhibitor 3-(3,4 dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethyl-urea (DCMU). Additionally, E. huxleyi was cultured at different light intensities and temperatures. Growth rate was monitored, and coccolith morphology analyzed. While every treatment affected growth rate, the percentage of malformed coccoliths increased with colchicine, cytochalasin B, and at higher than optimal temperature. These results represent the first experimental evidence for the role of microtubules and actin microfilaments in coccolith morphogenesis. "
"Production of toxic secondary metabolites by cyanobacteria, collectively referred to as cyanotoxins, has been well described for eutrophied water bodies around the world. However, cohesive cyanobacterial mats also comprise a significant amount of biomass in subtropical oligotrophic wetlands.
In DC patients, survival at 1 year after the first episode of dec
In DC patients, survival at 1 year after the first episode of decompensation (ascites in 78% of cases) was 99% for CPT A, 87% for CPT B and 73% for CPT
C (OI#4). 3% of DC patients had an episode of VB, with survival of 88% after 6 weeks from the VB episode (OI#5) and with recurrence Fluorouracil cell line rate of 27% (OI#6). 1 9 out of 748 DC patients (3%) had spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, with 79% survival after 6 weeks from the episode (OI#7). In conclusion, the selected OIs performed well in monitoring the rate of decompensation in CC and the accuracy of surveillance for HCC; in DC, OIs were able to capture survival and the efficacy of management of major complications. This study represents the first attempt to identify and test a set of value-based OIs for LC, and provides a reference tool for healthcare policy makers to improve quality of care in patients affected by LC. Disclosures: Michele Colledan – RG7204 mw Advisory Committees or Review Panels: novartis
The following people have nothing to disclose: Stefano Okolicsanyi, Antonio Ciaccio, Matteo Rota, Maria Gentiluomo, Marta Gemma, Antonella Grisolia, Roberto Scirpo, Paolo A. Cortesi, Luciana Scalone, Lorenzo G. Mantovani, Silvia Pecere, Patrizia Pontisso, Patrizia Burra, Mario U. Mondelli, Luca Fabris, Stefano Fagiuoli, Maria G. Valsecchi, Giancarlo Cesana, Luca S Belli, Mario Strazzabosco Purpose: Based on our Hepatitis Outreach Network (HONE) screening program data, approximately 60% of at-risk foreign-born populations who tested positive for viral hepatitis B and/or C followed up for additional care. The goal of this project was to use theory driven qualitative research
to identify barriers and facilitators to achieving follow-up care after receipt of viral hepatitis diagnosis among community members from the viewpoint of primary care providers (PCPs). As viral hepatitis is a precursor of liver cancer, timely treatment of the virus has the potential to reduce the incidence and burden of liver cancer. Method: With IRB approval, we performed semi-structured PJ34 HCl key informant interviews with 20 PCPs who predominantly serve Korean, Chinese, Egyptian, and Russian communities. The 45 minute interviews were audio-taped. Transcriptions were analyzed using Strauss variant grounded theory and a thematic approach, informed by the Andersen Aday and PEN-3 frameworks. These frameworks are conceptual behavioral frameworks that articulate factors that lead to the use of health services and categorize participant responses into domains that can then be applied to an educational message, program format, and content. Results: Median age of the providers was 46, with 55% male. Median time practicing in their current location was 5 years. Responding physicians typically were married and born in their respective country of origin. Barriers detected included cultural factors commonly seen amongst foreign-born populations such as busy work schedules, non-English language, mistrust of the medical system, and high medical cost.
An additional sighting relevant to mortality was a 19 yr old fema
An additional sighting relevant to mortality was a 19 yr old female observed at Año Nuevo with one of her hind flippers entirely missing, the wound still fresh. She departed the colony but was not seen again. The longest-lived female, Brand-222, was observed beyond her 21st birthday, on 8 March 2008 at Point Reyes; she was not seen with a pup that year, but she was in other years, all at Point Reyes. Four other females were seen at age 19, all with pups at Año Nuevo. The oldest male, Brand-152, reached age 15 at Año Nuevo in 2001. One other male was observed until age 13 (Table 2). There were strong age-related trends in survival rate of females.
Just 57% survived to age 1, but annual survival rose quickly thereafter, reaching Vemurafenib 83%/yr at age 5 and 88%/yr at age 16,
before declining abruptly in the oldest females (Fig. 2, Table 3). The increase to age five and the decrease beyond age 16 were both statistically significant, but the slight change from age 5 to 16 was not (based on the slope parameters from piecewise regression). In a model in which annual survival was held constant from age 5 to 16, the mean rate for females was 86.3%/yr, with credible limits 82%–90%. In contrast, males showed little age-related variation in survival. The first year selleck chemicals llc rate was 66%, and it rose only slightly in older seals and remained between 66% and 72%/yr until age 14 (Fig. 2, Table 3). The small fluctuations with age were not statistically significant, based on the slope parameters from piecewise regression. From a model of constant annual survival at all ages, the mean rate for males was 67.7%/yr, with credible limits 63%–72%. Male survival was significantly lower than female survival at ages >3, but did not differ in younger animals
(Table 3). Survivorship of females from weaning was estimated at 31% to age 3 and 25% to age 4 (Fig. 3, Table 3). Thus, 46 of the 183 branded females reached Calpain age 4, the modal age of primiparity. Since we observed 37 females breeding, we missed several that were alive at breeding age but died before being seen again. Estimated survivorship to age 10 was 9% (or 16 females), and to age 17 just 4% (seven females). In males, estimated survivorship from weaning was 31% to age 3 and 14% to age 5 (Fig. 3, Table 3), i.e., 27 animals reached age 5, the time when most males attain puberty. Only 5% (eight males) survived to age 8, the beginning of physical maturity. We observed six animals at age 8 or older, and thus missed two. Estimated annual detection probability was similar in males and females and varied little with age (Table 4). Only the low rate in 4 yr old males differed significantly from other rates. The piecewise regression model with three segments for females had a higher deviance when year was the predictor rather than age (Appendix S2), meaning age was a better predictor of observation histories.
) on their passage from the target to the substrate caused by the
Quantitative models were proposed that encompassed all components
"Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is an autoimmune
In this study, we investigated functional gap-junction-mediated i
In this study, the promoter regions and exon regions of the NKX2-


Worry assaults can be dangerous. This report includes a assortment of ideas and suggestions that is confident to support anybody who suffers from panic attacks.
If you suffer from regular stress assaults, you must be confident to get an satisfactory quantity of sleep every night. With lowered slumber arrives an elevated opportunity of an assault, it also lowers your ability to cope in the case an assault does happen. Attempt to get your eight hours of snooze every single evening.
The Net helps make finding panic attack help effortless. Assistance teams are often useful because they let you to interact with other folks who are working with the identical issues, and they will listen to your worries and give you beneficial tips.
Getting in a position to get handle over your thoughts when an anxiety attack is taking place is the ideal way to place a stop to it speedily. Battling your fears is the ideal way to eventually beat them.
Have you at any time been stuck in a stress assault without end? You are in total control in excess of the thoughts that you have.
If you discover your self in the midst of a panic attack, cease what you are doing, sit down, and emphasis on your breathing. Always breathe slowly and gradually through your nose, counting to 5 as you do, and make sure that your abdomen rises. Then, count little by little for 5 seconds as you breath out of your mouth. Try this ten moments, you must feel considerably greater.
The initial action in controlling stress assaults is getting all the possible signs of them. As soon as you know all the signals, you will be in a position to inform when you are beginning to come to feel a panic assault. This will be a huge assist with whatever anxiety-battling approaches are employed.
Stress assaults are dreadful, but if you set the operate in for a handful of months you can banish them for excellent. Inquire your doctor what he or she suggests to handle your attacks. Use the above suggestions to eliminate your worry assaults.


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Monuments and Conservation Areas
National Scenic and Historic Trails
Wild and Scenic Rivers
15-Year Strategy
About the National Conservation Lands
Programs: National Conservation Lands: National Scenic and Historic Trails: Captain John Smith Chesapeake National Historic Trail
Captain John Smith Chesapeake National Historic Trail
The Captain John Smith Chesapeake National Historic Trail is a series of water routes extending approximately 3,000 miles along the Chesapeake Bay, the nation's largest estuary. These historic routes trace the 1607–1609 voyages of Captain John Smith as he charted the land and waterways of the Chesapeake. It meanders along the shoreline of Douglas Point, Maryland, where the BLM manages the historic 18th century Chiles home site in partnership with the National Park Service. Paddlers may rest at the Blue Bay water stop and enjoy picnic facilities. This stop also provides access to the Chiles site, and is a trailhead for the Potomac Heritage National Scenic Trail as it crosses Douglas Point. National Historic Trails closely follow a historic trail or route of travel of national significance. This congressional designation identifies and protects historic routes, historic remnants, and artifacts for public use and enjoyment.
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE CAPTAIN JOHN SMITH CHESAPEAKE NATIONAL HISTORIC TRAIL
TRAILS50.ORG
NATIONAL TRAILS PDF MAP
BLM NATIONAL SCENIC AND HISTORIC TRAILS
BLM WILD AND SCENIC RIVERS
RECREATION OPPORTUNITIES
Congressional Designation
Length: 3,000 miles
Lower Potomac Field Station
10110 Gunston Road
Lorton, VA 22079
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Social problems are faced by every generation and even though the circumstances change, society continues to suffer from the same problem that plagued us thousands of years ago. Paton explains that these problems are rooted in the nature of individuals, and to achieve lasting change one must change how people approach and react to these problems. In Alan Paton's 1946 social criticism, Cry the Beloved Country, Paton utilizes imagery to emphasize the social problems of broken families and tribe, consequences of poverty, and the repercussions of racism.
Destruction of earth and the family in South Africa is a major problem for the advancement of society. Paton repeatedly describes the intricate relationship between the tribe earth and man: "Destroy it and man is destroyed"(33). Paton tells us that the earth and the tribe are essential for life in south africa and the lifestyle brought to South Africa by the white man kills the family and destroying man and the values of men. The earth becomes patons vehicle to communicate the impending doom faced by the South African population. Paton again emphasizes this point with by saying:"The great red hills stand desolate, and the earth has torn away like flesh"(34). Paton tells us that the pernicious lifestyle of South Africa has not just affected the earth metaphorical, but the population's actions actually destroying the lifeline to their old ways of tradition and that line is severed it is gone forever.


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This alert shows me undefined. Whats wrong i am doing?

A: tagName is a property of the underlying DOM element, not an attribute, so you can use prop, which is the jQuery method for accessing/modifying properties:
alert($(obj).prop('tagName'));

Better, however, is to directly access the DOM property:
alert(obj[0].tagName);

A: You need to access the underlying DOM node, as jQuery objects don't have a tagName property, and tagName is not a property, not an attribute:
var obj = $("

");
alert(obj[0].tagName);

Notice that I've also removed the call to jQuery on the 2nd line, since obj is already a jQuery object.

A: tagName is a native DOM element property, it isn't part of jQuery itself. With that in mind, use $()[0] to get the DOM element from a jQuery selector, like this:
var obj = $("

");
alert(obj[0].tagName);

Example fiddle

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Mussolini Totalitarianism Analysis
During the inter-war period (1919-1938), totalitarianism emerged in both Italy and Germany. Mussolini and Hitler rose to power in 1922 and 1933 respectively as the totalitarian leader of the state and had a total control in all aspects of life on their nation, dominating all the political, social and economic activities. (Cheung, 2011) However, with different factors, the totalitarian rule of Mussolini and that of Hitler exhibited both similarities and differences in different aspects. Horizontal comparison method would be used to compare and contrast the totalitarian rule of Mussolini and that of Hitler in terms of political, social, cultural, economic, and diplomatic aspects. The general direction of Mussolini's totalitarian rule possessed…show more content…
Since they both were not welcomed by the western allied powers, such as the US, Britain and France, they actively tried to seek political and military alliances with non-democratic countries. Being isolated by the allied powers, Hitler and Mussolini signed the Berlin-Rome Axis in 1936 and later the Berlin-Rome-Tokyo Axis with Japan in 1940. The Pact of Steel was signed between Italy and Germany in 1939. Meanwhile, Hitler signed the Anti-Comintern Pact with Japan in 1936 and the Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact with the Soviet Union in 1939. (Cheung, 2011) Such alliances were formed to promise mutual support when members are attacked by other countries, which resulted in the division of two opposing military camps in WW2, with Germany, Italy and Japan standing as the axis…show more content…
The government income had increased by over 30% in 1939 when compared to 1929. The unemployment had also fallen from 6 million in 1933 to 300,000 in 1939. However, Italy was less economic efficient under Mussolini. As Mussolini hoped to achieve a dependent economy in Italy, a lot of trade opportunities were intentionally dismissed, resulting in the slow progress of economic recovery after the WW1 of Italy. (Keynes, 1920) Moreover, Mussolini based the economic development of Italy on agricultural production instead of industrial production like Germany, with the policy of 'Battle of the Grain'. However, when Italy was led into the WW2, the agricultural economy collapsed in a relatively shorter time since the industrial output remained low under Mussolini's policy, which was essential in fighting WW2. Mussolini also inflated the value of the lira in his 'Battle for the lira', making exports more expensive. (Robert, 2003) This created unemployment at home as many industries and firms could not sell their goods. Furthermore, the Italian officials were very corrupted and serious crippled the corporation system. This has further worsened the economic situation in Italy and unemployment even rose under the rule of Mussolini. (Robert, 2003) When the world was at the brink of another world war, Italy still relied on foreign imports of raw materials; the Italian economy remained a dependent economy by
Ronald Reagan's Inaugural Address Analysis
When American supported for Israel, the Middle Eastern Oil Producers was unhappy with US's diplomatic actions hence to stop oil exports to US. In this oil crisis, the energy price was increasing as a result of decrease on supply, which eventually led to inflation. Besides, the production of American manufacturing declined and the trade deficit with Japan and German increased. Between 1960 and 1980, the proportion of American labors in manufacturing dropped from 38% to 28%. This change derived from the employers turned to mechanizing production and eliminating jobs to reduce the labor costs under the high-wage union manufacturing jobs.
What Caused The Great Depression
The Outcomes of the Great Depression lead to a less likely chance of another Great Depression to occur. New national and international trading and banking rules were put in place to prevent another stock market crash and another Great Depression. Roosevelt 's New Deal plan allowed for the government to have an expanded role in people 's lives and long after the Great Depression. A large group of people left their farms, which caused a larger Urban Population than Rural population. After the great Depression
How Did Hoovervilles Affect The Great Depression
Economic involvements had a bigger impact on the great depression. The great depression was a time of need for the Americans. Due to the supplies and accessories shipped out during the war, America was low on supplies, money and control, and president Herbert Hoover did very little in an attempt to overcome this problem. Men and women were driven into what were called Hoovervilles, which was a collection of teepee huts gathered together to make a community. Just as the people thought they had hit rock bottom, a switch of presidents helped make all the difference.
Cause And Effect Essay On Black Tuesday 1920's
Small farmers could not compete with the new economic climate and were driven out of business. Advances in technology increased production but also caused overproduction of food;however, food demand did not rise with the increased production. With this all adding up, increased food production and farmers without jobs, it only added to the unemployment of the time. (Wall Street Crash of
How Did Farmers Grow During The Great Depression
"The Great War proved how confused the world is. Depression is proving it again" stated Anne Sullivan, an inspirational teacher of the early twentieth century. World War One, was the first major war that America engaged in. During the war, farmers produced an abundance of food for the war, which economically helped the farmers. However, crops and livestock prices declined after the war was over, and they plummeted when the stock market crashed in 1929.
Technology: Henry Ford's Invention Of The Dust Bowl
1930s Technology "The word 'unemployment' has become one of the most dreadful words in the language." This was a quote by Henry Ford during the early 1930s.
Hoover's Response To The New Deal
Britain had been less dreadfully affected by the Great Depression but Britain 's industrial and export sectors continued to be seriously depressed until World War II. By 1931 many other countries had already been affected by the Depression. Almost all of the nation 's looked to protect their domestic production by imposing tariffs, increasing current tariffs, and placing quotas on foreign imports. The outcome of the restrictive measures put into place were to tremendously decrease the volume of international trade. The nation 's economic health slowly worsened as the president and business leaders attempted to convince the citizenry that rehabilitation from the Great Depression was imminent.
1930s America In The 1930s Analysis
In the early 1930s, our country was not in good economic state. Roosevelt noticed the critical changes in our country. From the inaugural address, March 4th, 1993,by President Roosevelt, he stated that our country 's values of objects decreased, taxes rows, people could not pay, people are not trading,and many people were unemployed the more critical challenges in our country in the 1930s are that our tariff is too high and that farmers earn less than what it costs to grow their crops which can lead them to bankruptcy. President Roosevelt decided to do something about it by building a plan that started from the bottom to the top unlike previous plans.
What Are The Pros And Cons Of Nafta
Many did not see success in their agricultural products and sold their lands at extremely low prices. Some immigrated to the United States to have better opportunities, economically wise. NAFTA was intended to decrease the number of illegal immigrants but the exact opposite happened. "By 2006, there were more than 20 million" (The Failures of NAFTA, coha.org) illegal immigrants and two thirds of those people were motivated to move to America because of NAFTA. Others migrated to northern Mexico, where advanced technology for agriculture is prominent.
Fdr's Economic Problems
The critical problems in the late 1920's, threatening american economy was the older industries such as textiles, steel, and railroads, which were basic to the fundamental well-being of the economy, were barely profitable. Crop prices dropped, americans thought the nation would continue to prosper under Republican leadership. The bottom fell out of the market and the nation's confidence, and half of the banks failed. The causes of the stock market crashed and the Great Depression made the collapse of the economy occur more quickly and the depression worse than it could have been. Many were out of a job, and others experienced pay cuts and reduced hours.
Louis Xiv Dbq Analysis
He collected taxes without the consent of the estates general in order establish many things, fund a series of wars, build a bigger and stronger military and to build his palace, the Palace of Versailles, when it was built he insisted that the nobles spend more time there (Doc 2). This eventually led the nobles into debt because they spent most of their time and money at the Palace of Versailles. The nobles being in debt meant that they lost status and power, which ultimately fed the basis for the French Revolution. Document 3 states; "The aftermath of the revocation was disastrous for France. Many of those who abjured [gave up] their Protestant religion repented of their weakness.
WWII Argumentative Essay
The private economy was doing horrible during the war. What eventually happened was FDR died and the post war crash catapulted anti-progressive politicians into office. Much of the New Deal was repealed during the war to shore up production and even more so after the war. This left the economy open to grow and brought about the post-war boom of the
Cause Of The Great Depression
The Great Depression was a period of severe economic recession that flogged the American people. It was primarily caused by the overproduction of goods and the massive unequal distribution of wealth. America during the years leading up to the depression had an abundance of production coming off the recent World War, but since wages hadn't increased, no one was able to buy the products. Also, by 1927, nearly forty percent of all the nations wealth was controlled by the top five percent, and this caused an extremely unstable economy. Similarly, the failure of the Hawley-Smoot Tariff and the closing of banks were both minor causes of the Great Depression.
League Of Nations DBQ
The "Big four" (Germany, Britain, France, and Italy) Met at Munich with Germany to work out an agreement so that those nations are not brought into the war. Instead of defending themselves and standing up to Germany and Italy, they used the strategy of Appeasement. Although this decision was made by Chamberlin to use appeasement (Document 5), Winston Churchill didn't agree with Chamberlin. Winston believed *"that keeping peace depends on holding back the aggressor."
Black Death Bubonic Plague Analysis
Due to the poor state of France's economy, government, and recent losses in the war, France had to sign the Peace of Bretigny in 1356 (Lengal, 2013). The Peace of Bretigny, in turn, gave England more power and created a short reprieve from the Hundred Years' War. In conclusion, there are countless reasons the economy and the way of living changed dramatically in Europe during the time of the Black Death. The illness came right on the heels of the Great Famine and could not have begun at a worse time for Europe.
More about Mussolini Totalitarianism Analysis


This great coach's style keychain whistle is a great gift for any coach or as an everyday safety feature. The brightly polished stainless steel whistle has a non-tarnish silver finish.
Dimensions are 2" x 1" x.75". Gift box included.
Engraved whistle keychains are a simple yet useful gift that are a great accessories for coaches. A & L Engraving's premium assortment of engraved keychains come in a variety of styles and uses including photo holders to detachable valet rings. Personalize any of our keychains with engraving to make the gift extra special. From romantic hearts to contemporary shapes these personalized keychains are great for all occasions. Contact us for dicounts on large quantity orders for coach's whistle keychains.


Opinions of Rottweilers vary wildly. While many remember Alexandra Day's Good Dog, Carl children's book series, still more remember the breed as the "evil" dogs from The Omen.
The one thing everyone seems to agree on? Rottweilers make excellent guard dogs! Most commonly used as guard dogs, this breed is also commonly used for Police work, search and rescue, and sometimes as guide dogs for the blind. Officially recognized by the AKC in 1931, Rottweilers are currently the 16th most popular breed in the United States.
Size & Weight: Large. Definitely large. Rottweilers grow to be 22-28 inches at the shoulder and can weigh 90-140 pounds!
Coat & Color: The Rottweiler's coloring is so "classic," you're probably already familiar with it, even if you didn't know you were looking at Rottweiler at the time. Their black coats with rust markings are so recognizable, it makes you say, "Oh, it's one of those dogs…" As for the texture of the breed's coat: It's coarse, dense, and generally very straight. Rottweilers have medium-length hair with thicker "undercoats" on their necks and thighs.
Other: This breed sometimes has their tails docked (stubby tails). Tail docking for this breed is most common in the United States and New Zealand.
Rottweilers are so known for being difficult, that the AKC itself has accepted it as simply a part of the breed personality, stating, "An aloof or reserved [Rottweiler] should not be penalized, as this reflects the accepted character of the breed. An aggressive or belligerent attitude towards other dogs should not be faulted." What's that? "Aggressive or belligerent?!" Well…yes. Rottweilers can have that temperament. But Rotties can also be calm, loyal, brave, and hard-working. With extensive training and early socialization, this breed can make a lovely pet. If you're willing to put in the time and effort, your dog will too!
Their reputation precedes them… Unfortunately, since Rottweilers have gotten such a bad rap over the years, many insurance companies have been refusing to insure homeowners with Rotties as pets. Check your policy!
They get bored very easily. This can lead to destructive behavior of the house-thrashing variety.
NOT for first-time owners. Rottweilers require a good deal amount of obedience training and socialization. They need an owner who is as confident, strong-willed, and hard-working as they are.


text:
Rules of the Road: Photojournalist Lynsey Addario on traveling to war zones while pregnant
By Soo Youn
Lynsey Addario is the rare female photojournalist who specializes in conflict zones. She's won a MacArthur Fellowship and a Pulitzer Prize, and her memoir, It's What I Do was a New York Times bestseller. Steven Spielberg is directing a movie version of the book, and Jennifer Lawrence will portray Addario. At the International Center of Photography Spotlights in Manhattan earlier in November, Addario talked with Katie Couric about car bombs, kidnappings and working in South Sudan while eight months pregnant. Mic sat down with her afterward.
Lynsey Addario and Katie Couric speak at the 2017 ICP Spotlights luncheon.
Mic: What are the things you always travel with?
Lynsey Addario: To cover war, or to be a journalist?
LA: Protein bars — my protein bar of choice is Quest bar, the Oreo cookie. Headlamp. Those Mophie extra phone chargers — two of them, one thinner, one thicker one. A power inverter, so you can charge things in your car. I always bring my running clothes. Good hiking boots. If it's combat, then obviously you need your protective gear.
For running clothes, do you have some that are universally acceptable?
LA: If I'm in a Muslim country, where women don't run outside, I'll work out in my hotel room. So I put P90X on my iPad and that's what I'll do. I always work out, but I have to modify based on where I am.
What about for regular travel?
LA: I don't ever really 'regular travel'! For example, I was shooting for National Geographic last weekend in Houston, and then here I'm doing an event like this, I also have a book party to go to and an event. So I need dresses. And then I have meetings in the day, so it's like three different sets of clothes.
I noticed [during the talk] you took a pass on the sexual harassment question.
LA: I just think there's more discrimination than harassment. There is harassment, but that's not… at the end of the day there have to be more editors who assign women, and promote them the way they promote men.
I was just on the West Coast doing a story, and my shooter is pregnant and she hasn't told anyone. She was absolutely sure it would affect her career.
LA: And it will. The reason why I went through six months of pregnancy without saying a word was because I was sure that editors would start making decisions on my behalf.
Which they do even when you're not pregnant.
LA: And they do after you have a child — suddenly, I can't get assignments to cover war because I'm a mother. It's like, wait a minute — that's my decision, not yours. So I think that yes, there is discrimination. It's 2017, it's very frustrating. There's a woman, Daniella Zalcman, who's been collecting statistics on women in photojournalism and it's astonishing.
I was at Reuters during 9/11. The war team came in and I remember a female colleague passing me a note: 'Could they be a more macho group of guys?'
LA: It's always been like that.
What's it like being portrayed by someone?
LA: It's hard to answer that because the movie hasn't gone into production yet. At this point, the script has been written, and I've been spending time with Jennifer Lawrence now for almost two years. She's hilarious and amazing and so smart and fun and easy to hang out with — I just feel like I'm hanging out with a girlfriend. I haven't really gotten my head around that yet, in the sense that it's more about her studying me and getting to know me. And that's weird, obviously. Reading about how the book is being condensed into two hours. They have to morph characters and change things because it has to fit.
That's obviously very strange, because my instinct as a journalist is to be like, "Wait, that didn't happen like that exactly!" But it's not a documentary. My philosophy in doing all this was, 'Look, it'll be amazing if the issues I care about get out to a greater audience,' and also the fact that the world doesn't really see women in this role. I think it's really important. I also think it's important for younger women to have someone to identify with.
Did they Hollywood-ize it at all or did you have final say?
LA: I don't have veto power at all — nor do I want it. I feel like I chose some of the best people in the business and I have to trust their instincts. If I go to cover a war, I'd be really annoyed if my editor was constantly telling me how to shoot. It is a Hollywood movie, so it's obviously going to have some element of that, but I think it stayed pretty true to the characters.
I didn't realize that you aren't tall until you made a point of saying that — I just assumed. [Addario is 5'1".]
LA: A lot of people do, and they also assume I'm going to be not at all feminine because I'm super tough, but no.
It's almost like you're saying women can be more than one thing…
LA: When I picked a dress this morning for this, my sort-of roommate in New York looked at me and said, "I love that you do this for our image." Because she also covered war, and she's like, "The girlier you get the better, it's great for all of us." And it's true — I want people to be like wait, she's tiny and wears big heels. Because I don't want that same image of a war photographer, I want to mix it up.
Is it hard to get dressed up or is it fun?
LA: It's fun! Because I never get to dress like a girl. I always have to dress in cargo pants and big clothes and things like that, so I love actually getting to be a woman.
If there's one misconception about you, what is it?
LA: I don't know the misconceptions about me because I don't know how people perceive me, I feel like all I do is work. I think the misconception about war photographers is that we're all adrenaline junkies and we just do it for the thrill and the rush. That misconception is one I address throughout the book because I do not feel that way at all. I really believe in telling these stories and giving people voice and presenting a different side of the story.
That idea of the adrenaline junkie annoys me. Of course there are people who do it because they've been doing it so long they're addicted to the adrenaline. It is difficult to pull back and it's very hard, but I think there's more to it.
When you're out on a story, is there a breaking point where 'enough is enough, I need to go home' or does it depend on the story?
LA: It was definitely different before I had a child, because I would basically just stay in the field until I couldn't see straight, where I was like, I need to step back so I can have a fresh perspective. But now I usually cap it at two weeks, because I need to get home. I'm a little psychotic when I'm shooting in that I shoot pretty much 17-hour days, so I pack two days into one.
What's one thing you miss most when you're away in the field?
LA: Just being home, and the monotony of daily life. Being able to make my own coffee is something I miss so much. Seeing my son, my husband, being able to sleep past sunrise. It's just those little comforts.


Plimiri is approximately 85km from Rhodes Town at Cape Vigla, near to the part of Rhodes. It is a quiet, sandy bay with a small fishermans harbour and a lovely taverna. Plimiri is where you can find Giannoula K a 110m cargo ship wreck. Built in the Netherlands, Giannoula K went through several owners before sinking in 1981 after some bad weather in Plimiri bay. Lying at a maximum depth of 22m and still mostly intact this is a fabulous wreck dive. We dive the Giannoula K every Thursday in May and October and every Thursday and Sunday from June to end September; meeting at the car park by the bay. Transfers are available from Rhodes Town for an additional fee. Due to the depth and level of difficulty divers are required to first dive one of our shallower sites.


text:
How to Read a Fetal Monitor Strip
By: Jackie Lohrey
The use of fetal monitors to monitor fetal rate began at Yale University in 1958. Today, most hospitals use fetal monitoring as a standard component of the labor and delivery process.
Fetal monitoring can provide valuable information, such as detecting dips in your baby's heart rate due to lack of oxygen. However, if the person assigned to read fetal monitor strips does so incorrectly this process can involve risks, such as incorrectly diagnosing an emergency condition, according to a report published in the American Family Physician.
Examine the graph-style layout of the fetal monitor strip and identify its three main parts. The top part of the strip is where the fetal heart rate displays as beats per minute. The middle section displays time in increments of 10 seconds per square on the chart, totaling six squares per minute. The bottom section displays the intensity and length of uterine contractions as a series of bell curves that start. To help you become familiar with the layout of a fetal monitor strip, look at the samples provided at FetalMonitorStrips.com.
Identify the baseline heart rate. Locate the number of beats per minute on the top section of the fetal monitor strip. A range of 120 to 160 beats per minute indicates a normal fetal heart rate but a deviation, or change, of 10 beats or less in your baby's heart rate is normal. However, any change greater than 10 beats per minute that lasts longer than 15 minutes corresponds to a change in the base line heart rate.
Examine the bottom section of the fetal monitor strip and identify a range of zero to 10 on the strip. This is a reference point that represents your uterus in a relaxed state. The trace line will follow your contractions as they build, crest and then return to the reference point.
Compare changes in the fetal heart rate as they correspond to the intensity and duration of your contractions and look for patterns. Fetal heart rate patterns include reassuring, nonreassuring or ominous. A reassuring pattern displays during a contraction as an upward deviation from the baseline that returns to normal within 15 seconds. A nonreassuring deviation is, for example, a pattern that displays during a contraction as a slight downward deviation that returns to normal but may indicate compression of the umbilical cord and require a shift in your position. An ominous deviation dips below the baseline and recovers either slowly or not at all, indicating fetal stress due to oxygen deprivation that requires immediate medical intervention.
There are two ways your doctor can conduct fetal monitoring. The first, and most common, is external fetal monitoring that involves strapping external transducers to your abdomen. External transducers detect your baby's heart rate via Doppler ultrasound, then transmit and display this information on a fetal monitor strip. The second method is internal fetal monitoring that involves placing electrodes on your baby's scalp. The electrodes detect, transmit and display heart rate information on the fetal monitor strip.
What to Expect With a Baby's Heartbeat When You're Expecting
The Advantages of Checking a Baby's Heartbeat
What Do the Doctors Do at a 14-Week Prenatal Visit?
Angelcare Baby Monitor Instructions
How to Reset a Clear Blue Fertility Monitor
How to Perform a Sperm Count Using a Microscope
Normal White Blood Count in Newborns
How to Read Clearblue Pregnancy Tests
What Do You See in a 6-Week Sonogram of a Baby?
Where is Your Uterus?
AAFP: Interpretation of the Electronic Fetal Heart Rate During Labor
FetalMonitorStrips: Electronic Fetal Heart Rate Monitor Strips
Based in Green Bay, Wisc., Jackie Lohrey has been writing professionally since 2009. In addition to writing web content and training manuals for small business clients and nonprofit organizations, including ERA Realtors and the Bay Area Humane Society, Lohrey also works as a finance data analyst for a global business outsourcing company.


In the hospital I met a young man who was experiencing pain and stress from a recent surgery. He was not responding well to pain medication. His pain was 8/10 and his stress level was 6/10.
I guided him in abdominal breathing, a progressive body relaxation, and a 5-minute guided imagery in a "special place." He imagined being in the woods near a mountain. His pain level decreased to 4/10 and his stress level lowered to 3/10 in under 15 minutes.
I left him with written relaxation response instructions and guided imagery CDs. I saw him the next day, and he said he was able to manage his pain and stress, and to cope with his recovery, by listening to the CDs and practicing the skills I had taught him. He was grateful to have learned the techniques, felt more relaxed and confident, and planned to regularly practice meditation.


wood floor is great to provide our floor. We can save bathing principles, makeup, towels, hairdryer, etc.. It comes in many different styles, dimensions, price ranges, along with layouts. When you would like to buy it, we have to know the size of the floor 1st. Otherwise we purchase the one that is too modest or way too large to be inside our floor. We use a floor together with all the family members for quite a while, thus we want to make certain we choose the most suitable choice.
The reason why you have to evaluate several designs of floor in a few homes? You are certain to find some good ideas for your floor. It means you won't need to apply one particular idea from 1 photograph. You are able to mix or combine some ideas from some floor pictures. Before you employ floor style and design, you have to look at the distance of one's room as you may acquire various size in the picture. Secondly, you have to consider the taste or your style. You must include your preference in your floor so that your floor will present your personality and also you will truly feel comfortable once you utilize your floor.
Kind of Accessories. Remote-controlled toilet, bath with self-massage plus mp3 function, steam shower, the light which has many sort of feature, marble floors and maybe with self-cleaning function, soap container with sensory element. All the top quality accessories are all put the ultra-modern technology. Additionally, Crystal decorations, magnificent curtains, and extended mirror with an prized carved will embellish the high-end floor. I personally really gratify with each of the high end decoration. It really shows that the actually of glorious, prized, and magnificent. Thus, can you attention using the amazing kitchens with cherry hardwood floors kitchen?
Put them onto the basket could be the first thing you certainly can certainly do. And then you are able to place the basket directly underneath the sink. It means that the sink ought to possess the open foundation of vanity. Apart from that, you need to make sure that the basket is fitting together with the floor's theme. It attracts homey atmosphere.
Patterns are great for your own floor. Pairing patterned floors with silent walls will be considered a terrific opportunity. Or if you'd like to, then you are able to switch up them too. It could make fine combination provided that you possibly decide on the right colors for these. Dining table with legs are highly recommended. The legs or table having open based won't obstruct the distance below. But you far better adapt it with all the principal style of the floor and also what you prefer about amazing kitchens with cherry hardwood floors kitchen.


You step into your own fairytale when you wrap yourself in this unforgettable cashmere cape! Matching fox trim adorns the high collar and fanciful closure pompoms while superb embroidery embellishment adds a subtle flowering vine pattern to the bottom hem. Feminine, sweet, and lovely, this cape is the stuff fantasies are made of!


Chris Rosebrough at Fighting for the Faith has a clever catch line called, "Blue sleeps faster than Tuesday." It is a perfectly constructed sentence. It is grammatically correct. It just doesn't mean anything. When I read a "prophecy" from the Queen of Calamari, Jennifer Leclaire, all I see is blue sleeps faster than Tuesday. You see, Jennifer wants to sound super-spiritual; all the time. She has mastered the art of throwing as many cliche'd Christianese trite sayings against the wall to see what will stick. There is always something shifting in the atmosphere and watch out! Mantles are falling! Seriously, let us reason again together through the above lunacy released by Jennifer this week. Of particular note is the constant reference to bible verses to make this seem biblical but when we do the work of a Berean she is clearly relying on her readers not bothering to actually check what those Scriptures say.
Nothing like starting out a good Charismatic prophecy with a reference to the Jewish year that has no relevance to anything. The larger point of course is the misunderstanding of Scripture, in this case the key verse above. Jesus is teaching through this parable a very simple concept. The Scribes and Pharisees represent the old wineskins; the way things have always been done according to the law. Jesus came to change things. He is the new wine and we are already the new wineskins if we are found in Him. So it is not in "some instances" that we must become the new wineskins. Rather it is integral for salvation!
Notice the clever associations she makes without biblical backup. A wineskin holds liquid and Jesus said water would flow from our belly. Therefore new wine will flow from our vessel if we embrace becoming new wineskins. Huh? What does that even mean? Now maybe you could have made a case that she was being allegorical. That when we become saved and are indwelt with the Holy Spirit we can expect the gifts of the spirit to flow from within us except that is not what she is saying. Her claim is that choosing to become this new wineskin must result in changes to how we live, move, and have our being and she offers up Acts 17 as her proof text.
The context, a concept foreign to Jennifer Leclaire, is Paul speaking to the unsaved men of Athens. This is the end of the contrast he makes regarding an "unknown God" they worshipped and the one true living God. Paul points out that God made all mankind and every nation. He teaches that despite how we might feel, God is not actually that far from us because in Him we live, move and have our being. Paul is speaking about all of creation, not merely those saved. To bring it home for them he quotes a philosopher /writer they would know who posited that we are all His offspring. He goes on to teach that therefore we should not think of God in idolatrous terms such as silver and gold. Beloved, the point here is that this entire exchange is about Paul preaching the Gospel to the unsaved men of Athens. It has absolutely nothing to do with the parable of the wineskins, the outpouring of the Holy Spirit, or any of the hyper-charismatic gobbledygook Jennifer Leclaire is going to claim. So despite the musings of her wickedly deceitful heart, the "new wine" does not mean new creativity, methods or a redesign of church. You see this a lot in these circles because they are in such rebellion to God they are constantly trying to overthrow what He has designed. They will slap a snazzy super spiritual tagline on it such as, "spirit of innovation or accelerated growth" but at the end of the day it is just Lucifer wanting to ascend to throne of the Almighty. Sorry to disappoint you but the Holy Spirit is not breathing a wind of momentum into your work. If you allow Him, He can lead you into all truth found within Scripture to set you free from charlatans like Jennifer Leclaire.


Newborough C of E Primary School moved to its new building in 2006. The school is a single form school, which is currently full with 210 pupils.
In November 2014, we were judged by Ofsted to be good with outstanding features in behaviour, EYFS and leadership.
The school has strong links with the local church and promotes its Christian values in all areas of school life. We take great pride in the strength of our SMSC and work well as a cohesive team to deliver a very good education to all of our pupils.


Our client had a business selling classic Mustang parts in Bolder. He retired from that job and sold out most of his inventory. He kept his impressive car collection including a Shelby GT500 and Shelby GT350. Also replicas of each that he could actually drive around. He needed a large garage (12 car ) in addition to the 3 car garage on his current home.
We did not want the house to look like a storage facility with 15 overhead doors in a row. His lot also did not have the width for a wide garage. We designed a drive though structure that had room for 4 rows of 3 cars. Because the cars at the hart of his collection were to valuable to drive on a daily basis this was a acceptable solution. The garage is insulated and heated with finished walls and storage in the attic.
Cliff Joyner Construction specializes in building garage additions, conversions and garage renovations that will add lasting value and usefulness to your home.
Please click on a photo below to enlarge it.


Ph.D., born in Luxembourg, is professor of Psychology at the University of Vienna, Faculty of Psychology, Department of Health, Development, Enhancement, Intervention. From October 2008 to September 2016 Prof. Weber acted as Dean of the Faculty of Psychology at the University of Vienna, and subsequently as Vice-Dean.
At the Université du Luxembourg Professor Weber holds an associate professorship where he teachers clinical psychology on a regular basis. Further, Dr. Weber acts as president of "Lebenshilfe Österreich", the major Austrian NGO offering systems of support for over 10.000 persons with intellectual disabilities and advocating for them on a national and European level.
Since many years Dr. Weber is involved in European Union funded research projects on learning disabilities, intellectual disabilities, aging and assistive technologies. Dr. Weber has authored over 100 publications and has lectured in many countries on topics related to the areas mentioned, including mental health issues. After earning his doctoral degree in 1982 at the University of Vienna, Dr. Weber won a post-doc position (Fulbright fellowship) at the State University of New York – Stony Brook, Department of Psychology.
In 2000 Dr. Weber was awarded with the "International Award for Significant Contribution to Research, Policy and Practice in the Field of Intellectual Disability" offered by the "American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities". Since 2008 Dr. Weber is serving for the "International Association on Scientific Studies in Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities" (IASSIDD), as Council member and between 2012 and 2016 Dr. Weber acted as member of the IASSIDD's Executive Board as Vice-President Europe.


Lydia Loves: Auckland Engagement Sneak Peek!
I had the privilege of photographing the beautiful Caroline and Andy in the weekend. These two are clearly in LOVE and I'm so excited to photograph their wedding next year!
Can't wait to see more photos Lydia.
Looks like a fun shoot in an amazing location.
Thanks Jacqui. It was a beautiful place with a beautiful couple. Can't wait to show you more!


Decide if you will use embellishments. Once you have chosen the papers, decide if you want to add embellishments to your invitation. Embellishments can include metal brads, rocks, ribbons, stickers and more. Usually an invitation looks wonderful without using embellishments, but then again it may seem there is just something missing. If you want to use a ribbon, chose a color that coordinates together with the rest of the colors or pattern. If you are using a translucent bed sheet, consider using a ribbon or some metal brads to attach it to the rest of your documents.
Menshealtharts - Garage floor paint at. Shop garage floor paint in the exterior stains & floor coatings section of find quality garage floor paint online or in store seal krete epoxy seal concrete & garage floor paint 1 part armor gray satin garage floor epoxy actual net contents: 123 fl oz. Seal krete clear gloss garage floor epoxy actual lowe's. Seal krete clear gloss garage floor epoxy actual net contents: 1 gallon at lowe's seal seal krete clear seal gloss concrete protective sealer is a premium sealer that penetrates deeply to seal and protect painted, stained, textured or. Epoxy garage floor paint at. Shop epoxy garage floor paint in the exterior stains & floor coatings section of find quality garage floor paint online or in store seal krete epoxy seal 1 part deep tintable satin garage floor epoxy actual net contents: 120 fl oz. Seal krete slate gray satin garage floor epoxy lowe's. Shop seal krete slate gray satin garage floor epoxy kit actual net contents: 128 fl oz in the garage floor paint section of. Seal krete epoxy seal armor gray satin garage floor epoxy. Shop seal krete epoxy seal armor gray satin garage floor epoxy actual net contents: 640 fl oz in the garage floor paint section of. Epoxy seal lowe's. Epoxy seal TM concrete & garage floor paintconcrete & garage floor paint resists water, oil, grease, gas & salt resists peeling, blistering & hot tire pick up ready to use acrylic epoxy soap & water clean up 3x more durable than porch & floor paint solid with flakes 3x more durable than porch & floor paint. How to epoxy a garage floor chris loves julia. We also diy'd our garage floor with epoxy but we chose to add the paint chips readers, learn from our mistake! if you add the chips, after the paint dries you must use a large metal scraper to remove the chips that didn't attach all the way and then you will have to do a seal coat. Cleaning and painting garage floors lowe's. Cleaning and painting garage floors before you power wash or paint seal your garage floor, you'll want to attack any oil, grease or rust spots when selecting paint for your garage floor, make sure to choose an epoxy paint created especially for garage floors mix the paint well and apply a thin, even first coat. Applying garage floor coating by valspar youtube. Tips on applying valspar garage floor coating to your garage floor to keep it looking tidy and clean, completely refreshing your garage for product info and project tips, check out our. Garage floor lowe's. Garage floor tape down the edges with duct tape and allow to set for 24 hours if water droplets appear on the inside of the plastic or if concrete appears wet darker in color , moisture is trapped in the concrete and the floor should not be painted loose or poorly cured concrete or concrete dust if the concrete is.


Barcelona have a chance to do the double over Manchester United in their UEFA Champions League quarterfinal second leg at the Nou Camp. Driven by a superb home form and having won the first leg in England, a -1 handicap is the tip at 1.95 as the Spaniards superior attackers are expected to shine.
Barcelona earned a 1-0 victory in the first leg at Old Trafford last week but were held to a 0-0 draw at Huesca in La Liga on Saturday. It was a much-changed team for the Catalans as several first team players were rested.
The likes of Lionel Messi, Suarez and Philippe Coutinho were not involved in the draw with Huesca and are expected to return on Tuesday. Messi is the top scorer in this season's Champions League with eight goals.
A straight win for Ernesto Valverde's team is paying 1.36 but given the Blaugrana's excellent home form and clinical attack makes a -1 handicap a valuable punt at 1.95. Barca have won eight of their last nine home matches in the UCL and head into Tuesday's clash on a four match winning run at home.
Manchester United were beaten 1-0 at home in the first leg of this tie with Luke Shaw putting through his own net early in the first half. They barely threatened the Spaniards and had no shots on target in 90 minutes.
The Red Devils claimed a 2-1 victory over West Ham in the English Premier League on Saturday but have lost four of their last six matches in all competitions. Ole Gunnar Solskjaer's men have lost their last three away matches and at 8.50 are not fancied to win at the Nou Camp with a draw paying 4.75.
Shaw is suspended for United due to a yellow card accumulation. Marcus Rashford, Scott McTominay and Victor Lindelof were all rested for Saturday's win over West Ham and should return to the starting lineup.
Barcelona have a 5-3 advantage with one draw from nine previous matches against Manchester United. The Catalans have won the last three Champions League meetings between both teams, winning two finals in 2008-09 and 2010-11 before triumphing 1-0 in last week's first leg.
Messi heads into Tuesday's clash in great form having scored 10 goals in his last 10 matches. The Argentine forward also has eight goals in the Champions League this season and was on target in the two victories in the finals against United.
Barcelona have looked solid at the back lately with four clean sheets in their last five matches across all competitions. Rashford and Romelu Lukaku have failed to score in their last three matches and are likely to struggle at the Nou Camp.
Barcelona have won 8 of their last 9 home matches (UEFA Champions League).
Barcelona have kept clean sheets in 4 of their last 5 matches (all competitions).
Manchester United have lost their last 3 away matches (all competitions).
Manchester United have lost their last three matches against Barcelona (UEFA Champions League).
Manchester United were not particularly convincing in their win over West Ham on Saturday and have lost their last three away matches across all competitions.
Barcelona have won eight of their last nine home matches in the Champions League, I am tipping a -1 handicap for the hosts in a comfortable win.


Hey, first post here and I just wanted to say thanks, that was a great introduction to metal detecting and this site.
I only read the first couple of responses and I just wanted to say I may be a little bit of a "computer geek with links galore" and as far as I can tell this is a completely original post with original pics. In fact the only other place I can find this information is in a blog posted a couple of months ago which also provides a link to this thread to give proper credit.
Posted by Roy Kenny at Thursday, October 30, 2014"
Members of Friendly Metal Detecting Forums have rated post 638136 as the most helpful. Skip right to it!


The quirky yet authentically fun energy is palpable throughout the space. The extensive graphic elements became the foundation for a powerful brand personality which exploded as the business launched. It is a place that is at once very contemporary yet delivers punctuations of nostalgia such as the beloved 60's Ford Falcon inspired bench seats at the bar.


text:
package de.lancom.systems.stomp.spring;

import de.lancom.systems.defer.Promise;
import de.lancom.systems.stomp.core.connection.StompFrameContext;

/**
 * Stomp producer interface.
 *
 * @param <T> value type
 */
public interface StompProducer<T> {

    /**
     * Send stomp frame.
     *
     * @param value value
     * @return stomp exchange
     */
    Promise<StompFrameContext> send(T value);

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Actress Priyanka Chopra is reportedly being considered by Meghan Markle and Prince Harry to be their soon-to-be-born baby's godmother, several international websites including Express.co.uk, International Business Times and Khaleej Times reported. Royal commentator Andrea Boehlke told Express.co.uk that the former Suits actress and her husband are contemplating more than one godparent for their baby and that Priyanka.
"Priyanka Chopra has been mentioned, as has Misha Nonoo, the fashion designer. Lots of people to choose from," she was quoted as saying. Ms Boehlke's quote to Express.co.uk has also been cited by several websites.
Ms Boehlke also told Express.co.uk that stylist Jessica Mulroney, whose daughter was one of Meghan Markle's bridesmaids, is also on the list of celebs, reportedly compiled by the parents-to-be. Ms Mulroney's sons were also the page boys at the same royal wedding. Actor George Clooney and his lawyer wife Amal, also a human rights activist, are also being considered for the role of godparents to the baby of the Duke and Duchess of Sussex.
Prince Harry's cousin Princess Eugenie and her husband Jack Brooksbank are also on the list of probable godparents to the new royal baby. The couple lives in the Kensington Palace. However, in an earlier report published in Express.co.uk, royal correspondent Robert Jobson said that the royals do not usually pick members from their family for godparent duty because they are "immediate relatives with a role in the baby's life anyway."
Priyanka Chopra and Meghan Markle met while the former was working on Quantico in the US and the latter starred in Suits. When the Kensington Palace issued a statement announcing Meghan Markle's pregnancy, Priyanka went on record to say: "I would, as a friend, just say that I'm really excited for her," reported People Magazine.
Priyanka also attended Meghan Markle and Prince Harry's wedding in May among with her other celebrity friends at the Windsor Castle. When Meghan Markle released her cookbook - her first independent project as a royal - Priyanka congratulated her on social media saying: "This is everything you always stood for. Women supporting women."


We have started from exporting plants to Hong Kong Disneyland. Also some Projects in China and Macao. After that, we have set up relevant business by selling perennial woody plants to several housing projects. This process will provide landscape design services for both village projests and residential. Fuether more, assessories for a number of events. which we are highly emphasized in qulity responsibility and customer satisfaction.


text:
April 24, 2019, 4:00 - 7:00 PM
Creative Women in Leadership Series: In Conversation with Trish Williams
4:00 p.m. – 5:30 p.m. – Intros and moderated talk
5:30 p.m. – 7:00 p.m. – Reception
Location: Wosk Centre for Dialogue, 580 W Hastings St, Vancouver, BC (enter off Seymour St.)
CMPA - BC and Women in Film and Television Vancouver (WIFTV) present a new series featuring creative women leaders in our industry.
The series will launch on April 24th with a conversation with Trish Williams. While the perspective will be female, the focus will be on content creation past, present and future, and the challenges and gratification of creating and offering high value entertainment.
Trish Williams is the Executive Director, Scripted Content at CBC. In her role, she oversees the public broadcaster's drama, comedy and film teams across all broadcast and streaming original long-form programming.
Williams most recently served as Vice President, Scripted Programming at Temple Street Productions, where she oversaw the creative execution of series for production as well as the sourcing and development of IP and new original series for primetime cable, pay, conventional and OTT platforms. She was also co-executive producer of drama series Killjoys.
Prior to joining Temple Street, Williams was Director, Drama, at Bell Media, leading a team of eight executives handling original drama series and movies across all channels including CTV, Space, Bravo, TMN/HBO Canada, and MUCH, a highlight being creative oversight of the launch and first few seasons of Orphan Black. She has been a co-executive producer on Season 4 of Saving Hope and learned the ropes as a production executive on the international hit series Flashpoint.
Trish Dolman founded Screen Siren Pictures in 1997 and has carved out a niche as a notable feature film, documentary and television producer and director in Western Canada and abroad. Her projects have won acclaim and awards and have screened at various marquee international festivals. Most recently Trish was one of three producers of the feature film Indian Horse, an adaptation of Richard Wagamese's award-winning novel released in Canadian theatres in 2018 where it earned over $1.7 million dollars at the box office, making it the most successful English-Canadian release of the year. In 2018, Trish also won the Canadian Screen Award for Best Director, Documentary for Canada In A Day, a hugely successful crowd-sourced transmedia project that engaged thousands of Canadians to film and upload footage via an interactive hub site that Dolman then curated and edited into a feature documentary for Bell Media/CTV for Canada 150. She is currently producing The New Corporation, a sequel to the most successful Canadian documentary of all-time and is directing Citizen Bio, a feature-length documentary that profiles the biohacking subculture for Showtime Networks in the US, Executive Produced by Graeme Manson and Mackenzie Donaldson (Orphan Black, Snowpiercer).
Trish and Screen Siren have produced and executive produced numerous first-time feature films, as well as international treaty co-productions with pedigree directors. She has produced more than twenty documentary one-offs and series and has numerous scripted television, feature film and documentary projects in development.
Trish is a past board member of Women in Film Vancouver, DOC, CMPA-BC Branch, and CMPA national board and currently sits on the advisory committee for the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television. In 2003, Trish was the youngest recipient of the Woman of the Year award from Women in Film and Video Vancouver. She was honored as Veuve Clicquot Ponsardin La Grande Dame 2003 Woman of Distinction, and in 2010 was named one of the 100 Most Influential Women in British Columbia by the Vancouver Sun.
Add CREATIVE WOMEN IN LEADERSHIP: IN CONVERSATION WITH TRISH WILLIAMS to my calendar.
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Indoor skydiving and punch-fueled karaoke are surely worthy retail center experiences, but for most retailers the nature of "experientiality" is more elemental.
Intuitive: Shoppers find quality products, new items, and find them easily.
Meaningful: Retailers make a difference in shoppers' lives, who feel a sense of pride when shopping their stores.
Immersive: The exterior and interior of the store are captivating and shoppers enjoy spending time there.
Personalized: The experience is how shoppers want it, with associates who understand their unique needs and can satisfy them and offer rewards based on past behavior.
JLL's Big Red Rooster unit asked 2,000 shoppers to rate 20 national retail chains on these traits based on recent experiences. Receiving the five highest aggregate scores were Apple, Victoria's Secret, Ulta Beauty, Bath & Body Works, and Ikea.