I would like a calling list built for me to ring through.
I will pass across my login for the job board - you can see the exact search that I need doing on the photo.
I would then like the names and numbers transferred across to a Google Docs sheet and passing across to me. I've attached a document so you can see how I would like the information formatting.
ok sure thing, can we discuss that in detail please? i am checking the document right now thanks...............!
I am an experienced data entry processor. I have an eye for details and I make sure that I complete my work within deadline with accuracy. Give me a chance and you will not regret.


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You are at:Home»The Lifestyle»Cigars»The Lanesborough's Cigar Luncheon
The Lanesborough's Cigar Luncheon
By Nick Hammond on	 November 3, 2011 Cigars
What impresses me most is the bottle of Cognac. Not because it's in an understated, clear glass bottle; not because the year on the label reads 1975; not even because it's from a single vintage instead of the more usual blend. No, what really makes its mark on me this afternoon is that the bottle laid discreetly in its presentation case before me is capped in blood-red wax. It's not something you see every day – a phrase that keeps springing to mind throughout this blissfully long, decadent afternoon.
When I arrive at Hyde Park Corner for the Lanesborough's first Cigar Luncheon, I'm greeted by the Household Cavalry stalking haughtily before waiting traffic. Nice welcome. And once escorted to the bosom of The Lanesborough, I'm taken aback by the elegance and spaciousness of The Garden Room.
I've been to this Mecca of cigar smoking in the capital before, of course, and it has always been a cultured place to enjoy a Habano, a drink and a bite to eat. But it's normally busy, with comfortable leather armchairs and tables taking up most of the space. Today, there is a single long table, decorated simply with cut crystal and fine china. Apart from staff making last-minute touches, there is only me here. It's a rare moment of solitude in this enchanted space, a chance to soak up the ambience in quiet contemplation.
Then Giuseppe is upon me with his warm, Italian welcome. Giuseppe is the bar manager of The Garden Room, The Lanesborough's cigar guru, and responsible for stocking the bar's not inconsiderable humidor with delectables. He's a great guy, very knowledgeable and always generous with his time and expertise whenever I need some info for a story. I'm delighted to learn he will be joining us to dine and act as anchorman for the proceedings.
Other guests trickle in, and Krug Champagne is uncorked. I'm handed a Flor de Cano Short Robusto cigar to go with it and I'm pleased for two reasons: one, it's a damned fine little cigar; and two, I have often opined that the UK regional edition Habano is a perfect Champagne pairing. The learned Lanesborough team have added considerable gravitas to my argument.
As I sip both bubbles and cigars delicately, a series of palate-drenching entrees are introduced. These little beauties are the real deal. A monstrously good raw oyster with mini cubed cucumber, lime and chill shavings is the highlight. Note to cigar lovers: oysters, Champagne and cigars are a killer combination. The Champagne floods the palate with fizz, the cigar coats with layers of smoke and the oyster washes away like a fresh, tingling Spring tide. Wow.
We're given a pleasingly long time to smoke, drink and chat to our fellow diners, and I meet the two elegant lady diners from Chain of Hope, a remarkable charity carrying out life-saving cardiac work for deprived children all over the globe.
We all enjoy each other's company so much that by the time we're encouraged to take our places at the table, I've finished my Flor de Cano and feel a little empty-handed. Never mind, plenty of time to make up for that, I tell myself. Yet as I sit down and reach for my napkin, a silver platter arrives before me with 12 more Flor de Canos arranged clockwise upon it. I steal four o'clock with a murmur of thanks and fire it up with quiet elation. Crikey, this is something special.
With a starter of stuffed ballotine of foie gras with quince, balsamic jelly and espresso crumble, comes a revelation of a wine: a thick, honey-coloured sweet white from Venito. The Pieropan 2006 Passito della Rocca is the sort of thing normally associated with a dessert wine, but the slurps and appreciative gurglings from around the table prove this an inspired choice to open the batting. It's such a hit that many of us continue to drink it all afternoon.
Sitting down, eating, drinking, chatting and smoking is such a rare treat these days. It feels a bit hoggish – but so what? It's great fun and stimulates new and intriguing mixtures of flavours and smoke.
Next up is roasted new season partridge paired with a super 2009 Alvaro Palacios Priorat from Spain and no sooner have the dishes and the wine been announced, than another silver platter – this time laden down with the beguiling black and gold of Cohiba – arrives.
I don't often smoke Cohiba, largely because in my opinion, they can be a tad overrated not to mention over-priced. But this is the Behike 52, a smash hit of a cigar and not to be missed. It's a truly superb smoke, very refined, with lots of depth and class. It provides a subtle counterpoint with the soft, chewy seasonal game.
I take a moment to look around the room while all the other guests are engaged in animated discussion. It's a vision good for the heart. Shafts of autumn sunlight pierce the inner sanctum of The Garden Room and pinpoint shifting swirls of cigar smoke that glide after passing waiters like ectoplasm.
The air is spiced with aromatic leaf. Faces are smiling, body language is relaxed. I catch Giuseppe's eye and we share a moment, raising a glass to one another in recognition of something special occurring before our eyes. It's not something you see every day.
As the afternoon wears on, we're introduced to the beautiful Partagas 165th anniversary humidor, launched in Havana last year. It's a limited run of only 165 and is to be auctioned for Chain of Hope this afternoon.
Before the bidding, though, we're invited to 'break' another of these humidors to try the custom blends inside. What a treat. There are two choices, the Partagas 109 or the Sublimes. I choose the more full-bodied Sublimes to pair with an extraordinary cigar-shaped biscuit complete with an iced Lagavulin sabayon. A deep ruby 2006 Valpolicella Classico accompanies.
At last, replete and pushing away our plates, we tackle the Partagas and the red wax seal from the Hermitage Grande Champagne Cognac is broken.
It's a fruitcake of a brandy, almost rose in colour. The Partagas is indeed sublime, smooth with a subtle power burning under the wrapper like the gently warbling engine of a Bentley.
The humidor is auctioned for more than £7,000 after some good humoured bidding. Several other items also raise valued funds for the charity.
The luncheon is over, yet we refuse to depart.
As our table is swiftly and smoothly cleared and The Garden Room restocked with its usual chairs and tables, we grab seats elsewhere and continue our discussions. We smoke more cigars and drink more Passito della Rocca.
We are united, a group of men and women from around the world, of differing cultures, religions and upbringings, enjoying a joke, drink and a cigar.
It's not something you see every day.
The Lanesborough, Hyde Park Corner, London, SW1X 7TA. Tel. 020 7259 5599. Website.
One Thing Drives Out Another: Introducing Zager & Co
The Sweet Smell of Success: plume.
Puro Prestige

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Rehab's Angela Kerins is paid €240,000 a year
Kerins' package includes a six per cent define contribution payment.
By Paul Hosford Monday 17 Feb 2014, 10:20 PM
Feb 17th 2014, 10:20 PM 45,699 Views 282 Comments
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Image: Mark Stedman/Photocall Ireland
Updated at 10.48pm
THE BOARD OF the Rehab Group earlier today revealed the salary of their chief executive Angela Kerins.
After a special board meeting today, the group released a statement outlining the pay of their head, putting it close to a quarter of a million euro.
On top of her €240,000 salary, Kerins has a company car, but Rehab does not pay her health insurance.
Rehab said that it will publish the pay of other top management staff in their accounts next year.
The release of Kerins salary, which is up €6,000 from when it was last disclosed, brings to a close a long-running saga over the pay of staff at the group.
Speaking to RTÉ's Six-One, Health Committee Chairman Jerry Buttimer criticised the level of the salary.
Buttimer praised the service that Rehab provides, but he said there must be a regard for public pay polices.
"This is about ensuring that the monies given by the taxpayer is spent on the provision of facilities or for service users," he added.
Fundraising Ireland called the salary "out of touch with the realities of remuneration in the overwhelming majority of not-for-profit organisations in Ireland.
"It is incredulous that it has taken so long for this salary to be disclosed," CEO Anne Hanniffy said.
The receipt of public funding, and such significant levels of public funding, brings with it an obligation and a public duty to be as transparent and as open as possible about all aspects of an organisation's operations, including the salaries of top executives.
Last month, the Justice Minister Alan Shatter revealed that the Rehab lotteries make just €9,000 a year profit for the charity. Worldwide, the Group turns over €200 million a year.
As a Section 39 agency, Rehab is not obliged to release pay details or comply with government pay policies.
It is due to release the findings of three independent reports into comparisons of salaries, releasing details and data protection rights of staff. Rehab are also due to appear before the Public Accounts Committee.
Originally published 5.51pm. Additional reporting by Nicky Ryan
Poll: Should Angela Kerins reveal her salary?
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We are Drivers
Colombia by MAZDA6: An Adventure In Magical Realism
Colombia is now enjoying an age of peace and prosperity. Tourism has rapidly increased to match, with 2.5 million foreign visitors in 2015. And there is plenty for them to see: lush rainforests, Caribbean beaches, stark deserts and craggy Andean peaks, and an exuberant culture that reflects a fascinating mix of Spanish, African and indigenous heritage.
(Heady view of Bogotá from Monserrate Hill)
(La Candelaria's picturesque streets)
We are in Bogota, beginning a 2,000-km cross-country journey in a Mazda6, to explore this effervescent South American country. From the colourful backstreets of La Candelaria to the trendy neighbourhood of Usaquén, the new generation of Colombians is eagerly seizing the many opportunities to rediscover and popularise their rich heritage.
(Café Catación Pùblica, a new venture by Jaime Raùl Duque re-discovering Colombia's soul through coffee)
The journey begins in a swirl of misty hills and rain-soaked greenery as we head north out of Bogota. Colombia is a supremely fertile land, with everything from coffee and tobacco to sugarcane and various exotic tropical fruit cultivated here. An enjoyably twisty section off the highway at San Gil brings us to Barichara.
(Barichara's colonial architecture)
(Winding roads of Chicamocha Canyon)
With rows of low, whitewashed, red-tiled houses with painted wooden doors arranged on steep slab-paved streets, this colonial town is perfectly preserved, like a ladybird in a chunk of amber, to be held up to the light and marvelled at. Further ahead, the 2km-deep Chicamocha canyon, now a national park and adventure sports zone, hosts a snaking road that's a drivers' delight.
After Bucaramanga, the road begins to flatten out as it enters the hot, humid plains. We traverse the Mompox Depression, a vast area of wetlands, marshes and freshwater islands formed by the Magdalena River. Once off the main highway, the rural road becomes rough, and we eventually arrive at Mompox coated with dust. Sipping a fizzy drink at a café in the town's small central plaza, nosing past donkey-carts in quiet alleyways, or strolling by the riverside, we can see how Mompox inspired famed Colombian author Gabriel García Márquez's depictions of his fictional sleepy town of Macondo.
(Gentle pace of life in sleepy Monpox)
A 40-minute ride aboard the well-worn ferry Mompox 450 Años upriver to Yati trims a hundred-odd miles from our road route, but there are enough straight bursts and flowing switchbacks left to give the Mazda6 ample chances to show off its dynamic best. Darkness falls by the time we enter Cartagena de Indias, which is pulsatingly alive on a Saturday night. During the time of the Viceroyalty of New Granada, as the Spanish Empire's regional territory was known, Cartagena was a key trading port that funnelled gold and silver to Spain. Today, it's still an important economic and touristic hub.
(The historic Caribbean city of Cartagena)
Sip on a chilled tender coconut and walk through its 500-year-old walled old town for a visual feast of period architecture, bright colours, weathered doors, wrought-iron lamps, intricate balconies, and sprays of flowering bushes. Music in the air, a lively hubbub on the streets, the sea breeze dancing by as we eat a juicy fruit platter in the market square… Cartagena is indeed a real charmer.
Past Barranquilla, the road begins to flirt with the sea, and we stop more than once to drink in the simple but satisfying sight of red car, green palms and blue water. Near Santa Marta, we visit the memorial to the inspiring independence hero Simon Bolívar, before continuing to make our way east, into the arid province of La Guajira – home to the Wayuu, the indigenous people of this remote, semi-autonomous region.
(The relaxing vistas of Colombia's Caribbean coast)
The afternoon passes in a blur of sandy two-lane blacktop lined with cacti and brush. After Uribia, we turn off the tarmac entirely. Within minutes, we are in the desert, skimming across a sprawling expanse of dry, cracked, salt-flecked mud, under a vast sky. The searing late-afternoon sun lights up our dust trails as we make wide loops to avoid the odd moist patch. This is now proper SUV territory, but the Mazda6 performs admirably, feeling as composed as it did back in Bogotá.
And then, the sea breaks through. Here we are at last: Cabo de la Vela, or the Cape of Sails, where the conquistadors first made landfall in 1499, and where the Wayuu believe the souls of their ancestors still live on. There's a sense of peace as we stare out over the open water, with the golden sun slowly dipping into the horizon – and triumph, too: we've made it to the top of the continent. The Mazda6 has been a real champ, taking everything we threw at it, while Colombia has been spectacular — a beautiful land and people that deserve all the joy they can get.
Driving stories on the great & challenging roads and journeys
We are Designers
Stories about the craftsmanship and design evolution of Mazda
We are Engineers
Visions and philosophies of Mazda engineers
We are Zoom-Zoom
The spirit of Mazda owners, collectors, clubs and aficionados around the world
We are Mazda
Mazda brand heritage and history
MORE FROM MAZDA
History of Rotary


Wizards is doing a player survey. Tell them how you like to play Magic.
Concerned about the increased focus on digital Magic? Tell them. Unhappy with how they're handling and scheduling pro events? Tell them that too. Wondering why nobody's talking about Brawl anymore? Say so.
@DialMforMara I responded! I'm super casual and non-competitive, so none of the events interest me at all. Even taking part in FNMs is too outside my budget and stressful.
Currently just playing with my collection with friends in a pseudo-cube, hoping to get them interested in commander.


The course aims to give a strong grounding in web page creation using raw HTML5 and CSS, examining both the capabilities and limitations of HTML/CSS and the adverse impact poor code can have upon reputation.
The course provides the skills and confidence to those looking to maintain, troubleshoot and optimise existing website content - as well as upgrading older content to newer HTML5 structures. Of strong value throughout the course is the appreciation of standards (syntactical and legal) and how good/bad websites can improve or alienate business opportunities.
An easy-to-use website with clear navigation is a very cost-effective method of presenting organisational information instantly to a global audience. Conversely, a badly-designed website targeted at specific browser audiences adversely impacts the organisation's reputation, constituting a barrier to vital information and accounting for lost sales. Having staff that understand HTML and CSS can be a deciding factor determining which category describes your organisation.
You're not going to build the next Facebook or Twitter after this course - but you certainly will be able to create your own branded web presence, as well as updating existing intranet sites for the modern web. We've all come across websites that could do with a makeover or a small tweak here and there to fix things - after this course, you really CAN tell people what to do to make improvements!
Although no prior knowledge is assumed, delegates should have a basic working knowledge of information technology and surfing the internet. Anyone who has ever used Amazon, google, YouTube or Facebook will be fine!


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Imperial General Headquarters
This article includes a list of references, but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (May 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Announcement from Imperial General Headquarters on January 1942
The Sogai Emperor Hirohito as head of the Imperial General Headquarters in 1943
The Imperial General Headquarters (大本営, Daihon'ei) was part of the Supreme War Council and was established in 1893 to coordinate efforts between the Imperial Japanese Army and Imperial Japanese Navy during wartime.[1] In terms of function, it was approximately equivalent to the United States Joint Chiefs of Staff and the British Chiefs of Staff Committee.
The Imperial General Headquarters was established by Imperial Decree 52 on 22 May 1893 under the auspices of creating a central command for both the Imperial Japanese Army General Staff Office and the Imperial Japanese Navy General Staff. The Emperor of Japan who was defined as both Head of State and the Generalissimo of the Imperial Japanese Armed Forces according to the Meiji Constitution of 1889 to 1945, was the head of the Imperial General Headquarters, and was assisted by staff appointed from the Imperial Japanese Army and Imperial Japanese Navy.
The Imperial General Staff Headquarters was completely independent of the civilian government of the Empire of Japan, including the Cabinet and even the Prime Minister of Japan. Prime Minister Itō Hirobumi was allowed to attend meetings by the express order of Emperor Meiji during the First Sino-Japanese War. However, Prime Minister Katsura Taro, despite his military background, was denied entry to meetings during the subsequent Russo-Japanese War.
After the Lugouqiao Incident in July 1937, Imperial Decree 658 of 18 November 1937 abolished the original Imperial General Headquarters, which was then immediately re-constituted under Military Decree 1, which gave the new Imperial General Headquarters command authority over all military operations during peacetime situations as well as wartime situations.
In November 1937, to bring the chiefs of Army and Navy into closer consultation with his government, Emperor Hirohito established a body known as the Imperial General Headquarters-Government Liaison Conference within Imperial General Headquarters. The Liaison Conferences were intended to assist in integrating the decisions and needs of the two military sections of Imperial General Headquarters with the resources and policies of the rest of the government. Reaching agreement between the Army and Navy on strategic planning was often difficult. When agreement was finally reached on an important strategic issue, the agreement was reduced to writing in a document called a Central Agreement and signed by both Chiefs of Army and Navy General Staffs.
The final decisions of Liaison Conferences were formally disclosed and approved at Imperial Conferences over which Emperor Hirohito presided in person at the Tokyo Imperial Palace.
During the Pacific War, and after the firebombing of Tokyo, the Imperial General Headquarters relocated to an underground facility in the mountains outside Nagano.
With the surrender of Japan, the Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers ordered the Imperial General Headquarters abolished on 13 September 1945.
Organization of the Imperial General HeadquartersEdit
Imperial General Headquarters comprised Army and Navy Sections. The Army Section comprised the Chief of Army General Staff and his chief of Army Operations, and the Army Minister. The Navy Section comprised Chief of Navy General Staff, his chief of Navy Operations, and the Navy Minister. In addition, the Inspector-General of Military Training, whose rank was almost on-par with that of the Chiefs of the General Staff, and the Aide-de-camp to the Emperor of Japan were also members.
Middle-ranking officers of Army and Navy General Staff, and Army and Navy Ministry, met from time to time at middle-level liaison or study conferences to discuss Japan's strategic war plans, and especially, plans requiring cooperation between the two armed services, outside of the formal meeting in the presence of the Emperor.
Relations between the Japanese Army and Navy were never cordial, and often marked by deep hostility. The Army saw the Soviet Union as Japan's greatest threat and for the most part supported the Hokushin-ron concept that Japan's strategic interests were on the Asian continent. The Navy looked across the Pacific Ocean and saw the United States as the greatest threat, and for the most part supported the Nanshin-ron concept that Japan's strategic interests were in Southeast Asia and the Pacific islands.
Organization during World War IIEdit
Hirohito, the Emperor of Japan, was defined as the Head of State and the Generalissimo of the Imperial Japanese Armed Forces according to the constitution of 1889. During World War II, the leadership of the Imperial General Headquarters consisting of the following:
Announcement from Imperial General Headquarters January 1942
Chief of the Army General Staff
Kotohito Kan'in (1931–1940)
Hajime Sugiyama (1940–1944)
Hideki Tōjō (1944)
Yoshijirō Umezu (1944–1945)
Chief of the Navy General Staff
Hiroyasu Fushimi (1932–1941)
Osami Nagano (1941–1944)
Shigetarō Shimada (1944)
Koshirō Oikawa (1944–1945)
Soemu Toyoda (1945)
Minister of War
Seishirō Itagaki (1938–1939)
Shunroku Hata (1939–1940)
Hideki Tōjō (1940–1944)
Korechika Anami (1945)
Minister of the Navy
Mitsumasa Yonai (1937–1939, 1945)
Zengo Yoshida (1939–1940)
Shigetarō Shimada (1941–1944)
Organization of the Imperial Japanese Army -- December 8, 1941Edit
The majority of these troops were stationed in China, Indochina, Japan, Taiwan, and Korea. This includes some 61 divisions, 59 brigades, and 51 air squadrons. Only a fraction of Japan's military, 11 to 14 divisions and the South Seas Detachment, were available for the December 1941 operations in South-East Asia and the Pacific.
Soldiers parading before the Showa Emperor Hirohito on Shirayuki
IJA General Staff
General Affairs Bureau
Organization and Mobilization Department
1st (Operations) Bureau
Defence Department
2nd (Intelligence) Bureau
Europe and the Americas Department
China Department
Russia/Soviet Union Department
Intelligence Department
3rd (Transport and Communications) Bureau
4th (Historical) Bureau
Military History Department
Strategy and Tactics Department
General Staff College
Land Survey Department
General Defense Command
China Expeditionary Army
Kwantung Army
Southern Expeditionary Army Group
Units under direct General Staff control
Imperial Japanese Army Air Service
South Seas Detachment
1st Army Hospital
2nd Army Hospital
3rd Army Hospital
Korean Remount Department
Army Air Service Transport Department
IGHQ Communications Department
List of Japanese government and military commanders of World War II
Military history of Japan
Imperial Japanese Navy
CitationsEdit
^ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Daihon'ei" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 139, p. 139, at Google Books.
SourcesEdit
Bix, Herbert P. (2000). Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan. New York: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-019314-0; OCLC 247018161
Jansen, Marius B. (2000). The Making of Modern Japan. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674003347; OCLC 44090600
Keene, Donald. (2002). Emperor of Japan: Meiji and His World, 1852-1912. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-12340-2; OCLC 46731178
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). Japan encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5; OCLC 58053128
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Imperial_General_Headquarters&oldid=904264561"


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Labor insider on Mike Rann's chances on Feb 9
Crikey readers can do with some churching and the Reverend Cleophus James is here with the good news on what is unfolding in South Australia as Mike Rann girds his loins for the top job.
Crikey,
During the latter stages of World War 2 Hitler's propaganda machine regularly promised the German people a new wonder weapon that would destroy the allies and ensure victory and the greater glory of the German people. Whenever I read history, I always wondered why they even bothered. They knew they couldn't deliver, so what was the point?
Now I know. Over the last two weeks, I have counselled many a faltering Labor believer in SA. Their hearts yearn for a sign of hope, some glimmer of fortune that will justify the faith they held as they wandered through the wilderness of opposition.
Things are grim for the ALP in SA. Rann is struggling to be heard. The ALP is hammering away at privatisation. They have spent the last week and a half (it seems longer) pointing out just what has been privatised and the fact that Kerin, for all his country charm, was part of it. It all seems a bit ho hum as voters shrug their shoulders and say "so what".
Now the word filtering down from on high promises a new wonder weapon. Now I know why the Germans did it. It gives everyone's morale a boost. It makes people think that those at the top might just know what they are doing and we might still win. Everyone works harder for just a little while longer.
By all accounts there will be a change in focus this week, moving to health that will have specific policies, details and costings attached. The messages will be much more tightly targeted and followed up more personally. Even some of my trusted sources, who are more sceptical than most, seem to think it a workable and useful strategy. Let's hope so.
While we are on the subject of thuggery, one of the daughters of former Ralph Clarke mistress and candidate for the upper house, Edith Pringle, has reported a car load of men yelling insults about her mother as she was walking along the street. "Slut" and "whore" were included in what is obviously a rich vocabulary. She has no idea who it was, but thought they might have taken the "Ralph Clarke for Enfield" sign from the top of their car.
Other reports from SA suggest that Mike Rann's office were furiously lobbying Crean's office in an attempt to stall Crean's speech on the refugees. The refugee crisis is threatening to overshadow yet another election. Just goes to show how seriously the rest of the country takes South Australia. You poor bastards.
In the ACT ALP, Branch Secretary Mike Kerrisk, late of National Office fame has resigned from his post to work in Crean's office. It appears likely that both the left and the right will be running candidates with former staffer to Arch Bevis, David Tansey the most likely candidate from the right.
Well that's about all for now. If you have something you would like to confess, I can be contacted at: [email protected]
Now, let's look at the Rev's previous column.
Can Rann win?
It's time I visited the confessional. Last week, I wrote about the battle for the SA seat of Enfield between John Rau and Ralph Clarke. It contained a line that, on reflection, I should have omitted. I referred to a rumour about Rau's parentage. To my knowledge, it is just that a rumour but it was wrong of me to reproduce it here. That sort of comment isn't even a reflection on Rau at all and thus should not have been included. I would like to apologise to Rau and anyone else that may have drawn offence from that line. If commentators can't admit mistakes, I suppose we can't expect anyone else to. Everything else stands.
"But of that day and hour, no-one knows, neither the angels of heaven, nor the Son, but the Father alone." Matthew 24:36
That's Matthew having a chat about the return of Our Lord to Earth. Many in the SA ALP are thinking the same thing about an Election Day victory.
A mate of mine in the Liberal Party has a theory about the quantitative, published opinion polls. He believes that they are useless because they are attempting to measure something that doesn't exist. That is to say they are attempting to measure people's voting intention when, in fact, they have no voting intention.
He thinks that asking people how they would vote if an election was held this Saturday is like asking someone "if you were buying a boat this weekend, what boat would you buy?"
People will always give an answer based on the boat they dream about but, in all likelihood, it would have no relation to the boat they would actually buy when the time actually comes around and after they have considered what they need and what they can afford.
He argues that people only make genuine political decisions when they have to i.e. at election time. Anything else is meaningless.
Mike Rann must be hoping my mate is right. He's behind in the polls, big time if you believe Newspoll, and has a lot of ground to make up.
The SA ALP is still a bit maudlin after the Fed election and trying to shake off a bit of depression-induced lethargy. Having said that, things are starting to gain pace and now that they're finally off and running, people sound a bit more optimistic.
Rann's up against it. He has never been the most popular opposition leader (few ever are) and no one I've run into seems to have any great love for him. Just over a year ago, there were genuine leadership rumblings and the beginnings of a coup but it never gained momentum and died a slow death.
Rann replaced Lynn Arnold as Labor's leader in 1994 the year after the State Bank election reduced the ALP to a short cricket team. He took it on the condition that he got two shots at an election. All of the factions agreed at the time and the deal was done. In the end, it seems that the two major factions decided to honour the deal and give him the second shot. It would be ironic if integrity led to an election defeat.
Huge question marks remain over Rann's electability. A couple of years ago, I was out running with another Liberal mate of mine and we were discussing our respective leaders. The upshot of it was that they were glad that we had Rann and we were glad that they had Olsen. Sigh. Early last year, an ALP backbencher summed it up beautifully: "Whoever changes leader first will win the election."
Having said that, a leadership coup usually needs a single, obvious contender and, in the ALP, there wasn't one. Kevin Foley's personable and uncomplicated style would have scored best with voters but some caucus members might have preferred John Hill, a graduate from the Mike Rann School of Narcissism. Deputy Leader, Annette Hurley, would have had supporters as well and, if all that isn't complicated enough, a fair few would have wanted to stay with Rann.
Anyway, it's too late now. If Labor loses, the leadership will almost certainly come down to Hill and Foley. Hurley will have probably disappeared from the Parliament after displaying a ton of guts to move from a safe Labor seat to contest the marginal Liberal-held seat of Light.
But I'm not writing Rann off. He may not be Mr Popularity but he is an experienced and effective campaigner. And he loves it. Those around him have commented on a noticeable lift in his mood since the election was called. Rann is desperate to win and, unlike Kim Beazley, he will be as ruthless as he needs to be. He is sharp, cutting and not too heavily weighed down by ideology.
Rob Kerin is quite likeable and, unlike Olsen, seems happy to be guided by his minders. By all reports, Chief of Staff, Chris Kenny, is finding him much more malleable. He'll do what he's told, when he's told, where he's told and when you've got the likes of Mark Textor, Lynton Crosby and Graham Jaeschke doing the telling, that's probably no bad thing.
Will it be enough to overcome the fact that he is uneasy in the spotlight and seems to perform poorly under pressure? Who knows? Will the ALP find the right issues to put him under pressure with? That seems to be the key. Put Kerin under pressure and see if he cracks.
May the Lord bless you and keep you all.
Rev. Cleophus James.
Now, let's look at the Rev's earlier piece on one of the tackier battles in the SA election.
Enfield: The Battle Of The Duds (14 Jan)
By Rev Cleophus James.
"The sluggard is like a lump of dung; whoever touches him wipes his hands… Be not the companion of a brute; Beware of him lest you have trouble…"
The Book of Sirach. Chapter 22 verses 2 & 12/13
Two verses. One each to admirably describe the two major contenders for the state seat of Enfield in the forthcoming South Australian Election.
John Rau – the official Labor candidate and Ralph Clarke – the usurped and now "Independent Labor" candidate.
Of course, the Libs will also play a crucial role in this ballot. Unless Rau can get over the line with 50% of the first preference votes, the ALP stands a big chance of losing the seat to Clarke if the Libs see fit to preference that way. Up until now, Enfield has been a safe Labor seat.
The chances of Rau getting the 50% by himself are pretty low. Clarke has a high profile after being arrested for allegedly assaulting his mistress a few years back and taking the ALP to court.
After he was arrested, Ralph knew that the party would be after his pre-selection. His survival strategy included making himself a rallying point for Labor Party non-conformists. (Non-conformists being very ugly, fifty-something whingers who habitually oppose whichever group or groups happen to have the most power in the Labor Party at any given time.) Clarke became their champion by taking the SA ALP to court to settle disputes over the Party's rules. (He'll try to argue differently, but ask anyone in SA who had anything to do with it and they'll tell you it was because of the 'Edith Factor' [Edith Pringle was Clarke's mistress].)
After all that, Ralph must be thanking his lucky stars that, reports coming out of SA say that Rau is the laziest candidate in a long time. One senior SA MP has said: "…anyone that does anything to assist Rau has done more work on his campaign than he has."
Like many of the more forgettable people in the SA ALP, Rau used to be a member of the Party's Centre-Left faction (along with Clarke). He went over to the Right with former Senator John Quirke after the demise of the CL in SA. He is a man who is convinced of his own genius and it is surprising that he doesn't introduce himself as "John E. Rau – Super Genius" (apologies to Warner Bros., and his middle initial is R) He is also rumoured to be the love child of former federal ALP polly, Clyde Cameron.
He ran for the Federal seat of Hindmarsh in '93, lost, and has never been the same since. His greatest single talent seems to be the ability to piss off anyone that has much to do with him.
My SA contacts tell me no-one likes doing any work for him and by all accounts, there is much half arsed work going into Enfield on his behalf at the moment.
Clarke on the other hand is a one time official of the Australian Services Union. He is a bloke who loves a beer or two. He and former Senator (and former state MP) John Quirke (known as The Penguin in some circles in SA) were mates until Clarke decided to dud Quirke and run for deputy leader of the State ALP over the top of The Penguin.
When Clarke was arrested for allegedly assaulting his mistress, Quirke "cried 'havoc' (or at least 'WAAARK') and let slip the dogs of war."
Somehow a complete copy of the Police File fell into the Penguins lap (as well as others) and it has been spread far and wide. A hospital report states that Edith alleges that at one time he pushed her to the ground and then kicked her while she down. In the record of interview with the Police, Clarke admits to smacking Edith on the bum with an open hand 'to get her to calm down'.
"Q. (police) To get up yeah. You've put your knee on her back.
A. (Ralph) No.
Q. Across both her legs and an arm, sorry, across her back to hold her down.
A. No, no, no. She- I turned her over on her side and I just gave her a couple of- Well, as I say, five or six whacks across the backside with an open hand to try and you know- Yeah in anger, but also to get her to calm down, like you know, stop this. …"
– Record of Interview, Police V Ralph Desmond Clarke, 13th May 1998, Pg 13.
Clarke has caused trouble for the ALP ever since, most notably by taking the party to court over branch stacking.
Normally, you'd expect to Libs to give the ALP a bit of grief and preference to Clarke but they've got troubles of their own with former members running as independents such as Peter Lewis (Hammond) and Bob Such (running in Fisher against oncer Federal Lib MP 'sourpuss' Susan Jeans). The Libs will want to shore these two seats up and might just do a preference deal with the ALP in Enfield in return for Hammond and/or Fisher.
Who'll win? Who knows? Who cares? Mike Rann needs Rau to win, but neither of them deserve it and for most people it's a matter of whom you like least. For mine I'd rather see a lazy bastard than someone who has never been acquitted of chick bashing (The DPP withdrew the action after Ms Pringle admitted to sleeping with Clarke again after the charges had been laid).
Enfield was and remains, the battle of the duds.
Rev. Cleophus James
SA Election – The last domino
SA: Rann returns, but Labor breaches trust on day one
Where are the strong Liberal women?


2e Régiment Étranger de Parachutistes, 2e REP. The only airborne regiment of the French Foreign Legion. Currently the largest unit of the Legion. The regiment is stationed near the town of Calvi, Corsica. It moved there from Bou-Sfer, Algeria, in 1967. The 2e REP has become popular around the world since its successful participation in the Battle of Kolwezi in May 1978.
The regiment was constituted in Algeria in late 1955. There, the 2e REP would actively participate in the Algerian War (1954-62). In 1967, the regiment left Algeria as the last French airborne unit and was stationed on the island of Corsica.
The 2e REP took over the number, traditions and history of its predecessor fighting in French Indochina, the famous 2nd Foreign Parachute Battalion (2e BEP, 1948-55).
During its history, the 2nd Foreign Parachute Regiment integrated also men of another two Legion airborne regiments: the 3e REP (in 1955) and the 1er REP (in 1961).
In recent decades, the 2e REP took part in several military operations and conflicts. Until the mid-2010s, its men fought in Chad, Zaire, Iraq, ex-Yugoslavia, Ivory Coast, Afghanistan, Mali or Niger. They also deployed to Djibouti, Lebanon, Rwanda, Gabon, Somalia or the Central African Republic.
See the history of 2e REP during the 1955-2018 period. Well-ordered data, including 70+ pictures from all decades: History of the 2nd Foreign Parachute Regiment.
The regiment is devided (in 2019) into 9 companies. It consists of around 1315 officers and legionnaires. Some non-Legion NCOs (even females) serve with the unit too. A reserve company consisting of non-Legion reservists is also assigned to the 2e REP.
The 2nd Foreign Parachute Regiment is part of the 11th Parachute Brigade (11e BP). It is a motorized infantry regiment designated as an emergency response unit trained and equipped to respond quickly to emergency situations such as in Loyada in 1976, Kolwezi in 1978 or Ivory Coast in 2004.
The 2e REP includes 5 combat companies trained in different military specialities – urban warfare (1re CIE), mountain warfare (2e CIE), amphibious warfare (3e CIE), explosives use (4e CIE), desert warfare (5e CIE). The sixth combat company (CA, ex-CEA) operates a portable medium-range anti-tank missile system platoon (MMP, which replaced a previous system, MILAN), a machine gun support platoon (SAM, created in 2015), a sniper platoon (STE) and a parachute commando platoon (GCP). The reconnaissance platoon (SRR) of ex-CEA was disbanded in 2015.


On Tuesday, November 20 the Freshman Academy at Millbury High School held its Term 1 Awards Ceremony for the freshman class of 2016. Freshman students received awards for character, outstanding effort, and term one Honor Roll recognition. Also recognized were the three students selected to be in the Blackstone Valley Youth Leadership Academy this year: Erica Lawson, Antonio Venturim and Ben Dedinas.
Students were called up to the stage in the auditorium by Principal Mandy Vasil, who presented them with their Award Certificate as applause resounded from their teachers, parents, and peers.
Principal Vasil also spoke to the students about always doing their best, and choosing to take the most challenging and vigorous courses they can. She, and everyone present, were most impressed by the large number of freshman who achieved the Highest Honors level on the honor roll this first term. Principal Vasil encouraged all of the students to work toward joining their peers next term up on the stage.
The teachers enjoyed selecting the students for character awards for their students who go 'above and beyond' in their classes, role modeling excellent behavior every day, and are helpful, polite, mature, respectful and responsible. Students who received a character award this term were: Ryan Erickson, Luke Gardner, Alexandra Pitcher, Karleen Shorette, Keryn Reno, Austin Hartshorn, and Ryan Ward.
Also, teachers were pleased to recognize their students who displayed outstanding effort this first term: Dina Breault, Matt Huban, Nick Lyrio, Steve Hall, Ryan Weatherbee and Matt Virgilio.


(which I used to do ).
Really? 20-30 seconds? Doing multiple planks though?
I dont know muay thai, kind of a thai oriented martial arts? What are the limbs of muay thai?
cheater…paljon maksoi ja onko hyvää?
jos tollasen törpön saa 3,50 ja se on hyvää niin ei oo mitään järkeä alkaa itse tekemään…ja laitetaanko toi nyt sit vaan kaalin kanssa fermentoitumaan ja valmista?
Muay Thai, or Thai Boxing is known as "the art of 8 limbs" because a fighter has 8 weapons, 2-each of hands, feet/shins, elbows, and knees.
Love this… no time for poetry!! Get Some!!
5 sets, 30 seconds each, regular and side planks. Has helped my back too, since planks strengthen the core without any of the bending/twisting that you do with many core exercises.


text:
import mongoose
import sys

# Handle /show and /form URIs.
def EventHandler(event, conn):
    info = conn.info
    if event == mongoose.HTTP_ERROR:
        conn.write('HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\n')
        conn.write('Content-Type: text/plain\r\n\r\n')
        return True
    elif event == mongoose.NEW_REQUEST and info.uri == '/show':
        conn.write('HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\n')
        conn.write('Content-Type: text/plain\r\n\r\n')
        conn.write('[%s] [%s] [%s]\n' % (info.request_method, info.uri,
          info.query_string))
        if info.request_method == 'POST':
            content_len = conn.get_header('Content-Length')
            post_data = conn.read(int(content_len))
            my_var = conn.get_var(post_data, 'my_var')
        else:
            my_var = conn.get_var(info.query_string, 'my_var')
        conn.write('my_var: %s\n' % (my_var or '<not set>'))
        conn.write('HEADERS: \n')
        for header in info.http_headers[:info.num_headers]:
            conn.write('  %s: %s\n' % (header.name, header.value))
        return True
    elif event == mongoose.NEW_REQUEST and info.uri == '/form':
        conn.write('HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\n'
               'Content-Type: text/html\r\n\r\n'
               'Use GET: link'
               '<form action="/show" method="POST">'
               'Use POST: type text and submit: '
               '<input type="text" name="my_var"/>'
               '<input type="submit"/>'
               '</form>')
        return True
    elif event == mongoose.NEW_REQUEST and info.uri == '/secret':
        conn.send_file('/etc/passwd')
        return True
    else:
        return False

# Create mongoose object, and register '/foo' URI handler
# List of options may be specified in the contructor
server = mongoose.Mongoose(EventHandler,
                           document_root='/tmp',
                           listening_ports='8080')

print ('Mongoose started on port %s, press enter to quit'
       % server.get_option('listening_ports'))

sys.stdin.read(1)

# Deleting server object stops all serving threads
print 'Stopping server.'
del server

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Save Local Now
Fall Trade Show
Ribbon Cutting Assistance
Member-to-Member Marketing
Annual Golf/Steak Fry
Business Recognition Awards
News Release: 10th anniversary national tour of Million Dollar Quartet kicks off at The Mendel Center Oct. 1
BENTON TOWNSHIP, MI – The Tony Award-winning, smash-hit Broadway musical Million Dollar Quartet comes to The Mendel Center at Lake Michigan College in Benton Harbor, Michigan, on Tuesday, October 1, at 7:30 pm as it kicks off its 10th anniversary national tour.
Inspired by an electrifying true event, Million Dollar Quartet tells the story of an auspicious twist of fate that brought together four young musicians – Johnny Cash, Jerry Lee Lewis, Carl Perkins, and Elvis Presley. Sam Phillips, the undisputed "Father of Rock 'n' Roll" who was responsible for launching the careers of each of these icons, gathered the four legendary singer/songwriters at the Sun Records studio in Memphis, Tennessee, for the first and only time. The result was one of the greatest rock 'n' roll jam sessions in history.
Million Dollar Quartet brings that unbelievable musical moment to life with an irresistible tale of broken promises, secrets, betrayal, humor and celebration, complete with unforgettable performances of timeless hits such as "Blue Suede Shoes," "Fever," "That's All Right," "Sixteen Tons," "I Walk the Line," "Great Balls of Fire," "Folsom Prison Blues," "Whole Lotta Shakin' Goin' On," "Hound Dog," and more.
Million Dollar Quartet won a Tony Award for Best Performance by a Featured Actor in a Musical and received two additional Tony nominations, one for Best Musical and one for Best Book of a Musical (Colin Escott and Floyd Mutrux). The show received an Outer Critics Circle Award for Outstanding Featured Actor in a Musical, a Drama Desk nomination for Outstanding Musical Revue, and three Drama League nominations including Distinguished Production of a Musical and Distinguished Performance. Million Dollar Quartet is produced by Gershwin Entertainment Corporation.
Tickets for Million Dollar Quartet are on sale at www.TheMendelCenter.com, through The Mendel Center Box Office at (269) 927-8700, option 1, and in person weekdays from 10 am to 6 pm at the box office located in the Grand Upton Hall lobby of The Mendel Center at Lake Michigan College, 2755 E. Napier Avenue, Benton Harbor. Ticket discounts are available for seniors, students and children, active military members, and veterans. Groups of 10 or more receive ticket discounts when orders are placed through The Mendel Center Box Office or online.
This performance is sponsored by WNDU Channel 16 and The Herald Palladium.
The Mendel Center is 30 minutes from Niles and 40 minutes from the Kalamazoo and South Bend areas. It is located on the Lake Michigan College campus at 2755 E. Napier Avenue, Benton Harbor, Michigan, one mile east of I-94 (Exit 30) and one mile west of the US 31 Bypass (exit 24). Its GPS mapping address is 1100 Yore Avenue, Benton Harbor, MI.
Find #TheMendelCenter online at:
● Facebook @mendelcenter
● Instagram @themendelcenter
● Twitter @LMCMendel
● www.TheMendelCenter.com
Cornerstone Chamber of Commerce
811 Ship Street, Suite 303


According to what has been reported by the Corriere dello Sport, AC Milan have rejected three offers for their captain Alessio Romagnoli.
The newspaper reports that Chelsea, Manchester United and Juventus have all made offers for the Italian but Milan, as of now, have rejected them all.
Milan continue to look to lock in their captain but the interest of these top clubs will not be discouraged just yet. If Milan were to miss out on Champions League qualification, which given their embarrassing Europa League exit at the hands of Olympiakos lies purely with their league performance, Romagnoli could seek an exit; as panic begins to settle in at Milan once again. However, if the Rossoneri qualify for the Champions League, the odds of Romagnoli leaving are very slim.


text:
WO2012131577A2 - Functional-imaging-based ablation monitoring - Google Patents
Functional-imaging-based ablation monitoring Download PDF
WO2012131577A2 PCT/IB2012/051452 IB2012051452W WO2012131577A2 WO 2012131577 A2 WO2012131577 A2 WO 2012131577A2 IB 2012051452 W IB2012051452 W IB 2012051452W WO 2012131577 A2 WO2012131577 A2 WO 2012131577A2
PCT/IB2012/051452
WO2012131577A9 (en
Emil George Radulescu
Sheng-Wen Huang
Ramon Quido ERKAMP
Ladislav Jankovic
Yan Shi
Khalid Shahzad
Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
2012-03-27 Application filed by Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. filed Critical Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
A61B5/48—Other medical applications
A61B5/4836—Diagnosis combined with treatment in closed-loop systems or methods
A61B18/1492—Probes or electrodes therefor having a flexible, catheter-like structure, e.g. for heart ablation
A61B5/0033—Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus classified in A61B5/00, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room
A61B5/004—Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus classified in A61B5/00, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room adapted for image acquisition of a particular organ or body part
A61B5/0044—Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus classified in A61B5/00, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room adapted for image acquisition of a particular organ or body part for the heart
A61B5/0059—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
A61B5/0082—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence adapted for particular medical purposes
A61B5/0084—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence adapted for particular medical purposes for introduction into the body, e.g. by catheters
A61B5/0093—Detecting, measuring or recording by applying one single type of energy and measuring its conversion into another type of energy
A61B5/0095—Detecting, measuring or recording by applying one single type of energy and measuring its conversion into another type of energy by applying light and detecting acoustic waves, i.e. photoacoustic measurements
A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
A61B5/6846—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive
A61B5/6847—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive mounted on an invasive device
A61B5/6852—Catheters
A61B5/74—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means
A61B5/742—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means using visual displays
A61K49/00—Preparations for testing in vivo
A61K49/0002—General or multifunctional contrast agents, e.g. chelated agents
A61B2018/00571—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for achieving a particular surgical effect
A61B2018/00577—Ablation
A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
A61B90/36—Image-producing devices or illumination devices not otherwise provided for
A61B90/37—Surgical systems with images on a monitor during operation
A61B2090/378—Surgical systems with images on a monitor during operation using ultrasound
A61B2576/00—Medical imaging apparatus involving image processing or analysis
Functional imaging for localization in biological tissue entails measuring a response in the tissue (240) to electromagnetic radiation. A catheter (200) for real-time monitoring of cardiac ablation is employed to distinguish a hemorrhage zone (232) from the sandwiching necrotic and healthy tissue, or to distinguish exogenous photoacoustic contrast agent from bordering native tissue. A pair of wavelengths is selected for differential absorption (244) of the radiation in, correspondingly, the hemorrhage zone or where the contrast agent exists, and relatively similar absorption elsewhere. Near- infrared laser or LED light may be used photoacoustically to serially acquire (S310, S320) the two datasets to be compared, each representative of a time waveform. Alternatively, acquisition is for a pair of wavelength bands of microwave-induced thermoacoustic data. In either case, the members of the dataset pair are combined (110, 122) by subtraction or division to effect the piece-wise cancellation/enhancement for display (218) of the resulting signal in real time.
FUNCTIONAL-IMAGING-BASED ABLATION MONITORING
The present invention is directed to imaging for localization in biological tissue and, more particularly, to analyzing a response in the tissue to electromagnetic radiation.
In the minimally-invasive treatment of cardiac arrhythmias, the radiofrequency (RF) ablation catheter is the most commonly-used therapy tool, and is referred to as the gold standard in trials of new ablation catheter designs. One major challenge of RF ablation is to actively control the ablation settings during treatment. Currently, the therapist relies on his or her own expertise to determine the optimal parameters for ablation, such as power, temperature, and duration. Note that these settings vary largely, due to sizable intra-patient differences of thickness of the local heart wall, perfusion, blood pressure and velocity, heart rhythm, etc. Although a highly-skilled therapist is able to achieve successes with this approach, it is not always the case, and there are serious consequences for the patient when an error is made.
The two major therapy-related problems result from either the under- or overheating of the site. In the case of under-heating, the tissue is not sufficiently coagulated or the ablation lesion is not deep enough to form the arrhythmia-blocking lesion desired by the therapist. This can lead to persistent or recurring symptoms in the patient, and the requirement for subsequent treatment(s), longer periods of hospitalization, and greater risks of stroke and embolism. Redo ablation procedures are more difficult to perform, since the already treated areas are very hard to discriminate from insufficiently treated ones. The other extreme, over-heating, either causes rupturing of the tissue at the treatment site, releasing potentially life-threatening particles into the blood stream, or causes damage to neighboring organs and tissues. In the case where other organs are affected, fistulas can develop and these are often life-threatening (e.g., a fistula in the esophagus has roughly a 75% mortality rate).
There is prior art suggesting that photoacoustic measurements are generally useful for bum depth assessment. See Talbert, R. J et al. "Photoacoustic discrimination of viable and thermally coagulated blood using a two-wavelength method for bum injury monitoring," Physics in Medicine and Biology, vol. 52, no. 7, pp. 1815, 2007 (a multiple wavelength photoacoustic imaging method to discriminate coagulated and non- coagulated blood in a dermal bum phantom using statistical methods. The Talbert study finds a border between viable and necrotic skin tissue through photoacoustic imaging at two optical wavelengths. The necrotic tissue contains thermally coagulated blood which is visibly brown. The underlying inflamed tissue is characterized by the presence of viable, i.e., non-coagulated, blood which is red. Using planar blood layers, Talbert found the ratio of photoacoustic absorption at wavelengths of 543 nanometers (nm) and 633 nm, respectively, in non-coagulated blood to be 13.5: 1; whereas, the ratio was 1.6:1 in coagulated blood. By statistical techniques, the border between the viable and necrotic condition of skin is located. There is also prior art suggesting that functional
photoacoustic imaging is useful for hemoglobin oxygen saturation of single vessels. See Zhang, H. F. et al. "Functional photoacoustic microscopy for high-resolution and noninvasive in vivo imaging", Nature Biotechnology, Volume 24, Number 7, July 2006.
The present inventors have found that a hemorrhage ring (or zone) exists that separates necrotic cardiac tissue during ablation from the underlying healthy cardiac tissue. The cardiac RF ablation lesions are typically characterized by a visually pale white color indicating coagulation necrosis and are surrounded by a dark red zone indicating hemorrhage, i.e., the hemorrhage ring.
Irradiation at two appropriately selected wavelengths results in similar absorption both in the necrotic and the healthy tissue, but markedly different absorption in the hemorrhage zone.
Advantageously, the two wavelength-specific groups of acquired photoacoustic
(PA) data can be combined so as to suppress or cancel the signal from the tissue surrounding the hemorrhage zone, leaving the hemorrhage zone signal relatively enhanced. The two groups of data can be acquired sequentially in a short sequence, e.g., about 15 microseconds (μβ), for an atrium 10 mm in thickness, and the human atrium is typically several millimeters (mm) thick. Assuming 100 heart beats per minute, one cardiac cycle is about 600 milliseconds (ms). Cardiac motion is therefore minimal during the period and does not significantly affect combining of the data.
Display of the signal facilitates real-time monitoring of the RF cardiac ablation. Accordingly, functional imaging, which relates to physiology rather than anatomy or structure, is used in RF cardiac ablation monitoring.
In one aspect of the present invention, imaging is performed to monitor biological tissue ablation by distinguishing a hemorrhage zone, disposed between healthy tissue and ablated tissue, from the healthy and ablated tissue.
In a further aspect, the distinguishing involves combining data, acquired by electromagnetic irradiation at different frequencies or frequency bands, that serve as a measure of absorption of the electromagnetic radiation by the biological tissue.
As a yet further aspect, the combining enhances data magnitude in the
hemorrhage zone relative to that for adjacent tissue.
In an additional aspect, an apparatus is configured for the irradiating, and/or the acquiring, and/or display of a signal representative of the combined data.
In another aspect, the apparatus can be implemented as one or more integrated circuits for being communicatively connected to a transducer for the acquiring, and/or an emitter for the irradiating, and/or a processor for generating the signal.
In a related aspect, the data to be combined is acquired successively,
correspondingly one frequency or band at a time, before being combined.
As an alternative aspect, the combining serves to combine the data of a pair of frequencies or of a pair of frequency bands.
In a sub-aspect, the combining is performed by subtraction and/or division.
In another sub-aspect, each of the two constituents being combined to form a pair is representable as a time waveform.
In one other sub-aspect, an apparatus includes a processor configured for subtracting to yield a difference signal and/or dividing to yield a quotient signal, and a display. The apparatus is further configured for showing, on the display, the difference and/or quotient signal.
As yet another sub-aspect, the combining is performed by subtraction.
In a related aspect, the monitoring is performed in real time. In a sub-aspect, the real-time monitoring is of cardiac ablation.
In a different aspect, a depth-independent equalization is performed that takes account of wavelength-dependent attenuation in the hemorrhage zone.
In one other aspect, the imaging is performed by means of a catheter.
In a further related aspect, administered photoacoustic contrast agent is located by irradiating, in series, using either different frequencies, or different frequency bands, of electromagnetic radiation for which difference in, or ratio of, the response distinguishes over that for bordering, native tissue.
In yet another related aspect, a catheter includes a transducer, and an
electromagnetic energy emitter concentrically aligned with an acoustic-response-flow portion acquired by the transducer for photoacoustic processing.
In a yet further related aspect, a catheter includes an elongated housing having an ablation end; and, at said end, a transparent window to which a layer is added. The layer is designed so as to serve as a radiofrequency electrode and yet allow for the passage of ultrasound and light through the window for photoacoustic imaging.
What is proposed herein is realizable as methods, devices for performing the methods, computer programs for carrying out the functionality of the devices, signals for conveying the functionality, and/or methods for generating the signals. A method for generating a signal comprises varying an electrical current applied to at least one of: a) a wire input to said device; and b) an antenna for transmitting, so as to, by the varying, generate the signal.
Details of the novel, ablation-monitoring, functional imaging technology are set forth further below, with the aid of the following drawings.
FIGs. 1A-1D are graphs of exemplary time waveforms representing photoacoustic absorption magnitude data;
FIG. 2 provides a schematic diagram of an exemplary ablation monitoring system and a conceptual diagram, according to one possibility, of dual wavelength PA ablation monitoring; FIG. 3 is a flow chart that serves as one example of a real-time functional- imaging-based ablation, or PA contrast agent flow, monitoring method; and
FIGs. 4A-4C provide schematic diagrams of some of the catheters suitable for cardiac RF, functional-imaging-based ablation monitoring.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
FIG. 1 A depicts, approximately and for illustration purposes, two time waveforms, specifically RF waveforms, corresponding to photoacoustic absorption by biological tissue irradiated at two respective frequencies. The first waveform 102, generated by a first frequency of irradiation, or equivalently "wavelength", is shown as a solid line or curve. The second waveform 104 for a second wavelength is shown as a dotted curve. A vertical scale 106 represents the amplitude of an acoustic wave. A horizontal scale 108 indicates time. With a single flash of a light source, a laser or near- infrared light-emitting diode (LED) for example, the light, as it propagates through biological tissue will in part be absorbed, may in part be reflected and may in part pass through. The absorbed energy causes heating, expansion, and, in response, an acoustic wave which can be detected and measured. Tissue with higher light absorption has an acoustic response of greater absolute magnitude. Tissue with lower light absorption has an acoustic response of lesser absolute magnitude. Additionally, softer tissue has an acoustic response of greater and stiffer tissue of lesser absolute magnitude. The time taken by the generated acoustic wave to arrive back at an acoustic transducer, i.e., time of flight, is what is shown on the horizontal scale 108. Due to the linear relationship between time of flight and distance, the horizontal scale 108 also represents distance from the transducer to that part of the tissue whose response is at the indicated magnitude or amplitude. The distance could be, for instance, between 5 and 20 mm. As explained further below, the magnitude shown in the figure has been subject to equalization. The equalization involves depth-independent scaling. It also involves equalizing the effects of laser pulse energy variation with wavelength. The equalizing may further take into account, dynamically, wavelength-dependent attenuation in the hemorrhage zone.
The difference signal 110 in FIG. IB approximates and represents the difference between the first and second waveforms 102, 104. The line 112 above the graph 110 having the two outwardly pointing arrowheads spatially corresponds to a hemorrhage zone in cardiac tissue. The line 1 14 to the left of the hemorrhage zone line 112 corresponds to the necrosed cardiac tissue. The line 116 to the right of the hemorrhage zone line 112 corresponds to healthy cardiac tissue. The hemorrhage zone is
distinguished from the adjacent tissue based on the relatively enhanced magnitude visible in the graph 110. In effect, the graph portion of the adjacent tissue is largely canceled or suppressed. To produce this desired effect, the two laser wavelengths are pre-selected in accordance with a wavelength/absorption characteristic. One wavelength could be 650 nm, for example, with the other being 730 nm. From the graph 1 10, it is seen that the border between the necrosed tissue and the hemorrhage zone is at a tissue depth corresponding to the meeting of the arrowheads of the respective lines 1 12, 114.
Likewise, the border between the hemorrhage zone and the healthy tissue corresponds to the meeting of the deeper-placed arrowheads of the associated lines 112, 1 16.
As mentioned above, the above-described technique for locating the borders is based on the idea that absorption of energy of the two wavelengths is similar both in the necrosed and healthy tissue but significantly dissimilar in the hemorrhage zone.
Selection of the two wavelengths is based on the hemorrhage zone containing mostly deoxygenated hemoglobin and the healthy heart tissue containing mostly oxygenated hemoglobin. Near-infrared absorption for deoxygenated hemoglobin varies considerably over some wavelength ranges for which the absorption by oxygenated hemoglobin, and for necrotic cardiac tissue, is relatively flat.
A complicating factor in the case of the healthy tissue border is that greater absorption occurs in the depth-wise-preceding hemorrhage zone for one of the two wavelengths than for the other. Accordingly, less light penetrates through to the healthy tissue for one wavelength than for the other. For the wavelength of the light which is more attenuated, the observed absorption is less than for the less attenuated wavelength.
This results in an inter-wavelength difference that, as the hemorrhage zone gets thicker, could increasingly obscure the healthy tissue border location.
One solution is to add the criterion, in selecting the pair of wavelengths, that at least one or the other exhibit very different absorption in the hemorrhage zone as compared to in the healthy tissue. The graph for that particular wavelength is displayed in alignment underneath, for example, the difference graph 1 10, as a visual aid.
An alternative solution is for the apparatus to automatically measure the rate of thickening of the hemorrhage zone initially, when the obscuring effect is minimal. This rate is assumed to hold constant while ablation continues uninterrupted with the same parameter settings. Based on the observed rate, the thickness is dynamically extrapolated subsequently during the ablation. An on-screen, continually updated, marker is accordingly placed near the difference graph 110 as a fine tuning of the border location, provided ablation continues uninterrupted with the same parameter settings.
The healthy tissue border location can be compared, visually, or by the processor logic, to the location or depth at which ablation is to be halted, e.g., to prevent transmural breakthrough. The halting depth is determined by ultrasound structural imaging, for example. However, the key interest is in estimating the depth of progressing necrotic lesion, and thus the location of the hemorrhage ring is more important than the hemorrhage ring itself.
The line 112 can alternatively signify the location of administered PA contrast agent, with the adjacent lines 114, 116, representing background, native tissue as discussed further below.
FIGs. 1C and ID offer, by way of illustrative and non-limitative example, alternative methods for piece-wise signal cancellation/enhancement.
As seen from FIG. 1C, an envelope waveform 120 representative of peak amplitude of the first waveform 102 can be used. Peak amplitude is not a restriction, and the envelope can follow, for example, mean absolute magnitude instead. The corresponding envelope waveform (not shown) for the second waveform 104 can be obtained, and the same difference method shown in FIG. IB may be performed.
Nor is the combining operation causing the piece-wise cancellation/enhancement limited to subtraction of waveforms. The envelope waveforms for the two wavelengths may instead be, for example, divided to yield a quotient signal 122 as seen in FIG. ID. Signals to be combined can also be compressed, e.g., logarithmically, in scale. The combining can, alternatively, combine lines of a reconstructed image. The alternation between applied wavelengths in acquiring the PA data can be repeated continually for real-time monitoring of the ablation.
It is noted that each iteration of acquisition may entail stimulation with more than two wavelengths in series. From the series, a pair can be selected for combination and display, or a number of pairs can be separately combined and displayed, simultaneously, in alignment.
Also, the type of electromagnetic radiation is not limited to laser light, LED light or to light in general. For example, a microwave source with at least two distinct wavelength bands can be used instead of the light source.
FIG. 2 depicts an exemplary photoacoustic catheter 200 for two- or three- dimensional imaging of the ablated region. An annular-shaped capacitive
micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) array 202 is concentrically aligned with a fiber optic cable 204. Light emitted from the fiber optic cable 204 causes an acoustic flow response from the tissue being illuminated. A portion 205 of the acoustic flow response for incidence upon the transducer array 202 is represented, conceptually, in FIG. 2 as a thick- walled, hollow cylinder concentrically aligned with the fiber optic cable 204. The cylinder can be regarded as extending to meet the transducer array 202. The array 202 is concentrically surrounded by a housing 206, of polymer for example, which may be a few millimeters in diameter. Lead wires (not shown) can run longitudinally through the housing 206 to an RF ablation ring 208 at the end of the housing. A circular sealing sheet (not shown) inside the ring 208 can be made of a substance that transmits light and ultrasound, like polymethylpentene (PMP) One example of PMP is known by the brand name TPX™. The other end of the CMUT array 202 is connected to an annular-shaped semiconductor chip 210, such as that described in U.S. Patent No. 6,515,346 to Kemeny, or in U.S. Patent Publication 2005/0156282 to Palti, the entire respective disclosures of which are incorporated by reference herein. The chip 210 which can include any form of RAM, ROM, ASIC, PLD, or combination thereof is connected to an annular-shaped antenna 212, such as the one in Kemeny, for wireless communication with an antenna 214 of a host control unit 216. The host control unit 216 may be driven by circuitry implemented as, for example, analog electronic components, a hybrid circuit, or a solid state device comprising an integrated circuit which includes any form of RAM, ROM, ASIC, PLD, or combination thereof. The circuitry can be implemented in software, firmware or hardware or any combination thereof. An example of a wireless
configuration for an interventional medical ultrasound (US) probe and its remotely- located host imaging system is described in commonly-assigned International Publication No. WO2010020939 to Peszynski et al. which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The control unit 216 is connected by wire or wirelessly to a display 218 and may be configured for showing, on the display, the difference and/or quotient waveforms 110, 122 and any of the other constituent waveforms 102, 104, 120 or supplementary waveforms described hereinabove. A signal 220 embodying the above-described inventive functionality of the catheter 200, and for conveying it to the catheter, is formable by appropriately varying 222, 224 an electrical current. The signal 220 can arrive to the catheter 200 by an input wire 226, or be transmitted wirelessly by the host control unit antenna 214.
Thermal transfer from the RF ablation ring 208 forms necrosed cardiac tissue 228, as shown in FIG. 2. An outer border 230 exists between the necrosed tissue 228 and a hemorrhage zone 232. An inner border 234 exists between the hemorrhage zone 232 and healthy tissue 236. Ablation can reliably be halted before the inner border 234 reaches a distal wall 238 of the biological, and in this case, cardiac tissue 240.
Uses for the inventive method and apparatus are not limited to RF ablation or to ablation. More broadly, imaging of biological tissue for localization can be employed, for example, to locate administered PA contrast agent. In a sentinel lymph node biopsy procedure a breast cancer patient is typically injected with methylene blue dye. The dye redistribution, over the period of about 45 minutes after injection, can be monitored with photoacoustics. However, in case of some preexisting hemorrhages inside the breast tissue it may be difficult to distinguish the blue dye collection from the hemorrhage. The characteristic curve for dye, as seen in FIG. 2, specifies a decrease 244 in the absorption factor from 0.6 to 0.2 as the wavelength is increased 246 from 680 nm to 692 nm;
whereas, the background, native tissue would not exhibit such a marked change in absorption with the same wavelength increase. Using two distinct wavelengths and doing the proper signal subtraction, as described in accordance with what is proposed herein, the hemorrhage signals can be suppressed. The resulting image would more clearly outline the blue dye collection areas, lymph nodes for example. This involves irradiating, in series, using either different frequencies, or different frequency bands, of
electromagnetic radiation for which difference in, or ratio of, the response distinguishes over that for bordering, native tissue. Hardware implementation can use any known and suitable PA configuration, and is not limited to a catheter design.
FIG. 3 demonstrates one possible method of monitoring through the use of imaging as described herein above. Photoacoustic or thermoacoustic data acquired through irradiation at a first wavelength, or wavelength band, is subject to depth- independent and irradiation energy equalization (step S310). The same procedure is performed for a second wavelength (step S320). The equalized data for one wavelength is combined with the equalized data of the other wavelength so as to enhance data magnitude in the hemorrhage zone relative to that for adjacent tissue (step S330). The difference signal and/or quotient signal is displayed (step S340). If the ablation or PA contrast agent locating process is to continue (step S350), return is made to the first- wavelength acquisition step S310. With real-time imaging, the steps S310-S350 are repeated continually. Many of the variations and alternatives in the above steps are set forth herein above.
Other, alternative designs for the catheter 200 are presented in FIGs. 4A-4C. The catheter 400 in FIG. 4A differs from the catheter 200 in that a CMUT array 402 forms a central disc within a fiber optic ring 404. Accordingly, an integrated circuit (IC) (not shown) which is disc-shaped can connect to the proximal end of the CMUT array 402. United States Patent Publication 2010/0006536 to Kalvesten et al. mentions an example of a disc-shaped IC and is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. The same annular-shaped antenna 212 can be attached. Here too, the catheter 400 has, at its distal end, an RF ablation ring 406.
Another catheter 410 implementable for the present novel method features an optically and acoustically transparent window 412 made of polymethylpentene (PMP), e.g., TPX™. The window 412 is coated with a thin layer 414, approximately 50-100 nm in thickness, of gold or platinum to act as an RF electrode 416. The layer 414 is thin enough so that light and ultrasound can nevertheless pass through without being attenuated significantly. The present inventors have found that a uniform ablation can be created with much lower powers than needed with traditional RF electrodes. An ultrasound transducer 418 is concentrically surrounded by an annular-shaped light source 420 provided for PA operation. Ultrasound generated by absorption of the light includes an acoustic-response-flow portion incident upon the transducer 418, that portion being concentrically aligned with the light source 420. The catheter 400 may be provided with an ultrasound-only imaging mode, in which the transducer 418 both emits ultrasound and receives ultrasound reflected back in response, as indicated in FIG. 4B by the oppositely directed arrowheads.
FIG. 4C shows a PA/US catheter 430 for illuminating a larger area of the tissue 240. Four optical fibers 432 are provided. A cross-shaped CMUT array 434 can receive the ultrasound coming back from the larger illuminated area. The distal end of a catheter housing 436 has an RF ablation ring 438. RF propagation to the anode is represented symbolically in FIG. 4C by the rings 440 concentrically extending from the RF ablation ring 438.
As a further example of a catheter, a fluid focus (FF) lens may be substituted for the CMUT array shown in FIG. 4A. One possible implementation is a modification of the embodiment disclosed in commonly-assigned International Publication No. WO 2010/146532 to Shahzad et al. (hereinafter "the '532 application"). The modification would secure the lens within the annular fiber-optic waveguide 404 extending within the catheter housing. By virtue of the FF lens, the catheter may also be used in ultrasound- only mode to acquire information on tissue elastic properties. This information may be utilized to independently image the ablation site in real time, an example of which is provided in the '532 application. The PA and US modes can be altemated continually to provide the PA- and tissue-elastic-imaging in real time.
In another variation, four fiber optic waveguides optically coupled to the four corners of the FF lens can substitute for the single waveguide 404 in the above-described FF embodiment.
In yet another version, the FF lens can be disposed side-looking. For example, the catheter in commonly-assigned U.S. Patent Publication 2010/280504 to Manzke et al., the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference, can be
implemented with a reflector to reflect an ultrasound path 90 degrees into an ultrasound transducer longitudinally disposed within the catheter. The side opening is concentrically surrounded on the surface of the catheter housing first by an LED ring and then by an RF cathode. A good reflector, e.g., of metal or air, can be used to minimize the assembly. The closeness of the LEDs in the ring to the tissue being illuminated leads to a compact design.
In all of the above-discussed catheter embodiments, the ultrasound transducer may be excluded, and provided elsewhere, as in an external probe.
It is also within the intended scope of the invention that the ablation ring may be excluded. Ablation can be instead be effected by emitting a beam from the catheter. Optionally, ablation could be performed by a high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) device or other device external to the catheter.
Functional imaging for localization in biological tissue entails measuring a response in the tissue to electromagnetic radiation. A catheter for real-time monitoring of cardiac ablation is employed to distinguish a hemorrhage zone from the sandwiching necrotic and healthy tissue, or to distinguish exogenous photoacoustic contrast agent from bordering native tissue. A pair of wavelengths is selected for differential absorption of the radiation in, correspondingly, the hemorrhage zone or where the contrast agent exists, and relatively similar absorption elsewhere. Near-infrared laser or LED light may be used photoacoustically to serially acquire the two datasets to be compared, each representative of a time waveform. Alternatively, acquisition is for a pair of wavelength bands of microwave-induced thermoacoustic data. In either case, the members of the dataset pair are combined by subtraction or division to effect the piece-wise
cancellation/enhancement for display of the resulting signal in real time.
Although methodology according to what is proposed herein can advantageously be applied in providing medical diagnosis for a human or animal subject, the intended scope of claim coverage is not so limited. More broadly, enhanced photoacoustic imaging, in vivo, in vitro or ex vivo is envisioned.
The proposed technology addresses the need to monitor with good precision the catheter-based RF ablation lesion formation for treating atrial fibrillation (AF), supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), and other types of ventricular arrhythmia in the electrophysiology (EP) lab. While the invention has been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and foregoing description, such illustration and description are to be considered illustrative or exemplary and not restrictive; the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments.
For example, instead of a single pulse of electromagnetic energy, the intensity may be modulated by firing multiple shots to create a train of pulses.
Other variations to the disclosed embodiments can be understood and effected by those skilled in the art in practicing the claimed invention, from a study of the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and the indefinite article "a" or "an" does not exclude a plurality. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope.
A computer program can be stored momentarily, temporarily or for a longer period of time on a suitable computer-readable medium, such as an optical storage medium or a solid-state medium. Such a medium is non-transitory only in the sense of not being a transitory, propagating signal, but includes other forms of computer-readable media such as register memory, processor cache and RAM.
A single processor or other unit may fulfill the functions of several items recited in the claims. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage.
CLAIMS: What is claimed is:
1. An apparatus configured for using imaging to monitor biological tissue ablation by distinguishing a hemorrhage zone (232), disposed between healthy tissue (236) and ablated tissue (228), from said healthy and ablated tissue.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, further configured for said distinguishing by combining data (S330), acquired by electromagnetic irradiation at different frequencies or frequency bands, that serve as a measure of absorption by said biological tissue of the radiation.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, said combining enhancing data magnitude (1 12) in said hemorrhage zone relative to that for adjacent tissue.
4. The apparatus of claim 2, further configured for at least one of the irradiating (204), the acquiring (202), and display of a signal representative of the combined data.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, configured for the displaying (S340).
6. The apparatus of claim 4, implemented as one or more integrated circuits (210) for being communicatively connected to at least one of a transducer for said acquiring, an emitter for said irradiating, and a processor (216) for generating said signal.
7. The apparatus of claim 2, said data to be combined is acquired successively (S310, S320), correspondingly one frequency or frequency band at a time, before being combined.
8. The apparatus of claim 2, said combining serving to combine said data of a pair (102, 104) of frequencies or of a pair of frequency bands.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, said combining being performed by at least one of subtraction (110) and division (122).
10. The apparatus of claim 8, each of the two constituents being combined to form said pair being representable as a time waveform (120).
11. The apparatus of claim 8, comprising:
a processor configured for at least one of the subtracting to yield a difference signal and the dividing to yield a quotient signal; and
a display (218),
said apparatus being further configured for showing, on said display, at least one of said difference and quotient signal, respectively.
12. The apparatus of claim 8, said combining being performed by subtraction (110).
13. The apparatus of claim 1 , said monitoring being performed in real time (S350).
14. The apparatus of claim 13, said monitoring comprising monitoring of cardiac ablation (240).
15. The apparatus of claim 1 , further configured for performing a depth-independent equalization (S310, S320) that takes account of wavelength-dependent attenuation in said zone.
16. A catheter (200) comprising the apparatus of claim 1.
17. A method for monitoring biological tissue ablation, said method comprising:
using, for said monitoring, imaging to distinguish a hemorrhage zone (232), disposed between healthy tissue and ablated tissue, from said healthy and ablated tissue.
18. A computer software product for monitoring biological tissue ablation comprising a computer-readable medium embodying a computer program that includes instructions executable by a processor (210) for performing an act comprising:
using, for said monitoring, imaging to distinguish a hemorrhage zone, disposed between healthy tissue and ablated tissue, from said healthy and ablated tissue.
19. A signal (220) configured for transmission, for reception by a device, and for causing said device to use imaging to distinguish a hemorrhage zone, disposed between healthy tissue and ablated tissue, from said healthy and ablated tissue.
20. A method for generating the signal of claim 19, comprising varying (222, 224) an electrical current applied to at least one of: a) a wire input (226) to said device; and b) an antenna (214) for transmitting, so as to, by said varying, generate said signal.
21. A method for locating administered photoacoustic contrast agent comprising:
irradiating, in series, using either different frequencies, or different frequency bands, of electromagnetic radiation for which difference in, or ratio of, the response distinguishes over that for bordering (114, 1 16), native tissue, to thereby locate said agent.
22. A catheter comprising:
a transducer; and
an electromagnetic energy emitter concentrically aligned with an acoustic- response-flow portion (205) acquired by said transducer for photoacoustic processing.
an elongated housing having an ablation end; and,
at said end, a transparent window (412) to which a layer (414) is added, said layer designed so as to serve as a radiofrequency electrode and yet allow for the passage of ultrasound and light through the window for photoacoustic imaging.
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text:
BTS Wows On "Good Morning America" With Live Performance Of "IDOL"
by JulianneK
BTS performed their hit track "IDOL" on "Good Morning America"!
While on the North American leg of their "Love Yourself" world tour, BTS was invited to the popular ABC morning show on September 26. During their interview, they talked about how their fans ARMY are the reason for their success, and RM shared how he felt during BTS' speech at the United Nations for UNICEF earlier this week. BTS also showed the hosts how to dance to part of their "IDOL" choreography!
They went on to perform "IDOL" live in the studio. Check out their interview and performance below!
BTS's track "IDOL" is off their latest release "Love Yourself: Answer," which scored No. 1 on the Billboard 200, Billboard's ranking of the most popular albums in the United States. "IDOL" also spent three weeks on Billboard's Hot 100, coming in at No. 11 at its peak.
Their world tour is taking them around the globe with stops announced so far in North America, Europe, and Asia — and all shows are totally sold out. While they're in the United States, they'll be performing at Citi Field in New York City, becoming the first Korean artist to put on a solo stadium concert in the country.
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Big Hit's New Boy Group TXT Takes In A Movie Together In New Concept Photos For Debut
Watch: SHINee's Taemin Takes 1st Win For "WANT" On "Show Champion"; Performances By ITZY, CLC, And More


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