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Velikovsky
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by John » Tue 09 Feb 2016 1:12 pm
In Support of Velikovsky
I am surprised and disappointed at the apparent absence in SIS ranks (a Society formed to expound his ideas) of any recognition of the wholesale incorporation of Velikovsky's interpretation of catastrophe theory, wandering bodies, colliding bodies, the birth of planets, etc. by conventional science. Almost every day some pundit 'introduces' the 'new' idea that all is not as was thought and that catastrophe rules! Never even a mention of Velikovsky or even of his successors. Over the past ten years or so much effort has been spent 'proving' him wrong in details (no man is ever completely right) and (virtually) nothing said in support of his astonishing pioneering interpretation of matters both cosmological and historical.
Right or wrong, he opened forever doors to progressive radical thinking that had been bolted shut by hidebound conventional 'philosophy' (certainly not science!).
Even in the SIS, with its widely publicised theories of chronology, it seems that despite criticizing and 'proving' him wrong, the critics cannot agree (even among themselves) which itself demonstrates the huge difficulties such research faces.
Again, without the input of such a great, courageous and tenacious personality, even if flawed, these foibles of historical record would most probably have remained unconsidered by any beyond a very few left crying unheard in an intellectual wilderness.
The level of interest and effort he displayed in researching his sources (so many) is remarkable, involving as it did, the interpretation of ancient language, customs, myth and ideology, yet again opening closed (or forgotten) doors to understanding. Much has been learned by those checking and sometimes correcting those sources.
The inspiration engendered by the life and works of this great man deserve the unstinted respect of every thinker, including those who think him completely wrong. Not the first catastrophist, he was the first mythologist in that he recognised widespread myths as reflections of true events. Indeed, I think it was the 'pillar of fire by night' Bible story, mentioned worldwide, that ignited his own burning interest in solving its mystery.
Perhaps someone more 'with it' than my now ancient self, could write a full article bringing the now rampant clash between Velikovskian catastrophe theory and the dying conventional nonsense into a clearer perspective.
John Kalber
Joined: Tue 25 Sep 2012 9:03 am
Re:Another Word On Velikovsky
by John » Sun 14 Feb 2016 11:46 pm
In adding to my moan about SIS members failing to note the outrageous claims of conventional scientists to have recently discovered what Velikovsky had already published way back in 1950 and thereafter, I have come across an earlier comment I wrote way back on
Wednesday, 30 November 2011 !!
I am very concerned at the continuous derogation and marginalisation of the work and ideas of Immanuel Velikovsky, to me, the greatest original thinker since Albert Einstein.
My views are tempered by the belief that, in the history of our world, no original thinker has ever proved to be absolutely right. We must accept them, warts and all. They have been for political reasons, so far, almost exclusively men. The politics of history have deliberately excluded the gentler sex and created a psychology, even among women, that supported and enforced a blind and stupid arrogance common to the male sex.
The fallacy of this convention is now daily exposed and has, hopefully, fallen into irrecoverable decay.
Nonetheless, the academic sport of stealing the ideas of a great man, whatever his flaws, then using them to promote ideas that parallel but cast doubt upon the veracity of the originator, seems particularly in the case of Velikovsky, to have been organised to create a spurious, large and lucrative 'anti Velikovsky' marketplace.
His interpretation of history, of physical changes in geology, the conflict among the planets, the rich and fertile subject of Myth, which we now know as ancient history, all these have been twisted, reinvented and otherwise used by his traducers.
I make my position clear. I have not studied his work in great depth though I have read his principal works. I have also read much of the opponents and 'improvers' ideas.
The difference is that – in the absence of final prove – I find Velikovsky's ideas, in the main, more convincing, more consistent with physical and mythological evidence than the conclusions of the revisionists. Many of these latter conclusions seem to reflect the ideas of what many now see as the outmoded and fundamentally flawed character of so called standard science. Many seeming impossibilities in his geology are the clearly possible, even probable, effects of gigantic electrical force. Either way their formation is now seen as the result of catastrophic events.
For those, like myself, who credit ancient mythology as a remarkably accurate record of past events, (even though their original ancient interpretation must have reflected the intellectual and scientific limitations of their time), it seems probable, to the point of certainty, that the legends and activities of planets, illustrate episodes of actual, physically visible events, however subsequently interpreted.
If the ancients claim they saw Venus born of Jupiter, then behave as a 'hairy' comet, then that is what happened! If such prestigious and calamitous events did not happen then there would be no reason to credit any serious importance whatsoever to the other 'myths', so carefully, so fondly preserved by dedicated historians and among the common people.
Much tripe has been published and discussed in the Society as to Velikovsky's 'take' on ancient history. Books have been written, films made in an effort to 'prove' new alternative chronologies. All have signally failed to be accepted. Curiously, that is not necessarily because they are wrong. They suffer from the same frailty that afflicted Velikovsky – the absence of proof.
I will identify one famous 'spin off', the ideas of Dwardu Cardona. He credits Velikovsky with correctly identifying myth with history, but disputes his other ideas. Recognising the myths about the close visibility of Saturn and its place as an 'alternative' Sun, he has constructed a planetary system that (necessarily) includes an Earth that revolved around Saturn and was life supporting.
He proposes that this minor solar system migrated from the disintegrating Sagittarius Dwarf Galaxy and, over the course of hundreds of thousand, possibly millions of years was finally attracted to and captured by our Sun.
Where would he and the 'revisionists' be without the new, thinking impetus, generated at a high level by the perhaps flawed genius Velikovsky?
Re: Velikovsky
by ericaitch » Mon 20 Feb 2017 3:26 am
Belatedly I have come across your plea to honour the works of Velikovsky.
Unfortunately bolstering Velikovsky requires an unshakeable belief that he was correct in most instances.
After forty five years of delving I had come to the conclusion that as a "door opener" he was first class. But as a user of data, he was a mess.
He built a chronology on four pillars but on close investigations, and drawing on all available evidence his pillars become pillows for dreaming.
Saul cannot have been at Avaris, Hatshepsut never went to Punt, Thutmose cannot be Shishak nor was Amenhotep II the Zerah from the Bible.
So strongly did I believe that he erred that after those forty five years I paid good money to have an ebook on line to address his errors.
It can be found by Googling VELIKOVSKY REVISITED.
My faith in the man as a "door opener" was / is so strong that I chose to seek out a better alternative to those el Amarna years.
I despair that he was so close to correct and I trust that my efforts may yet see his claim to excise 600 odd years from Egyptian history upheld.
First though we need to get a stable Egyptian history and a stable Biblical history. My wrestling with Biblical History has convinced me that Thiele's handling of data is far better than the alternatives, Ussher, Anstey, Tetley, Panin etc. What I've seen of some INERRANCY CLAIMS causes there to be gaps in the divided monarchy king periods. Such gaps are never alluded to in the Biblical Story. Thus I favour Thiele but see the Fall of Samaria circa 709 BC by following the extra Biblical data given us by Josephus.
It is Assyrian History that is wrong, not the Biblical. Velikovsky should have realised this.
We need revisit him,
ericaitch.
ericaitch
Joined: Sat 22 Dec 2012 11:00 pm
by donmillion » Fri 24 Feb 2017 11:11 am
I must echo Eric Aitchison's comments, while commiserating with your distress. It echoes my own feelings from around 20 years ago when I received an original copy of the Naville and Griffith volume containing the full text of the el-Arish shrine inscription, and found how grievously Velikovsky had distorted the text, to the point of outright falsification of no fewer than six "quotations". I assumed that this was a one-off problem, but five years later I was able to read the full text of Hatshepsut's Punt Reliefs in Breasted, and read the alternative translation and view the full set of photos published by Naville, and found that there, too, Velikovsky had distorted the words of the text, and even "faked" an important image that doesn't actually exist.
Eric Aitchison referred to Saul's not being present at Avaris. For a full account, see his book; but briefly, Velikovsky was misled here by an over-eager interpretation of his chosen source text, Breasted, who peculiarly chose to translate the simple Egyptian passive voice using the construction "one". He used the same construction in translating a text of Thutmose III, but Velikovsky did not dare suggest that that meant that the King of Israel assisted Thutmose in the conquest of Retenu! But Velikovsky also glossed over the indications in the Egyptian text of a naval battle as well as land engagements at Avaris--details which made his equation of Avaris with the "Amalekite city" of Saul impossible.
I still accept the need for substantial chronological revision, and must credit Velikovsky with having awakened my interest and presented an amount of valuable evidence amongst all the misquotations and obfuscations; but I must agree with the conclusions of the Glasgow Conference, that his historical reconstruction cannot be made to work.
Don Keith Mills
donmillion
Joined: Tue 19 Aug 2014 3:16 pm
Hello DON
Thanks for your comments. On the face of it there appears to be a strong case that the great man may have given way to human weakness. I, at the moment, have no spare time to research these accusations and as the old chap is no longer with us, there is no rush! However I am a steady and (so far!) loyal supporter. In my own mind, I major in logical analysis tempered by experience of the many (often near incredible) quirks of human nature.
I respect the approach, despite massive and deeply wounding opposition, taken by Velikovsky, however he would not be the first great man to falter in his stride.
BUT... There is always a 'but'! This was a man of wide education and stoic determination, a founder of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, a qualified psychiatrist, a consummate teacher and student, virtually unparalleled in the meticulous supporting of his ideas with detailed references.
This is a history applicable in its public quality to the very few.
For him to deliberately lie about the content of his sources bespeaks some sort of mental breakdown. There is nothing in his behaviour in the decades since WIC to indicate this - absolutely nothing. Mayhap I am blind and cannot see but you wouldn't think so by reading my posts etc (no books as yet!), so it is in the personal certainty of my own sanity, that (subject to further study!) I will liken this unlikely Velikovsky to a man who gives to another a primed and loaded gun and a copy of his sources and says if you can prove me a liar - shoot me! Completely cuckoo!
Not even an utter fool would tell you precisely where to find absolute proof of his guilt. I know of no other writer who referenced his work in such meticulous detail.
I say, (again and again), IF there is error and it is very clear that some think there is there must surely be some other, rational, explanation. Obviously his attitude was one of deep commitment to his (then unique) interpretation of worldwide catastrophic events, but whilst I recognise history throws up the most amazing people, I know of not one who openly leads you directly to his faults and failings. Not even one.
Speaking, as I am, from a standpoint that presently lacks my own concrete research, it has always been that until Velikovsky, ancient history was an apparently settled matter. He exposed this fallacy in dramatic fashion. It follows therefore that all 'sources' would be flawed in some measure.
Perhaps, reinterpreting sources by reference to his new conclusions meant he should put them in a more 'correct' light. He was, it should be remembered, an intensely busy man. Weeks, months even years, spent finding, reading, understanding and critically reviewing information.
Could it not be that, under such pressure, he may have convinced himself that his re-interpretation of others words had become a truth to him.
Wrong - yes, but deliberate falsehood - No.
As by now you might have guessed (!) I am keen to honour the memory of the greatest man of our time. I will be deeply disappointed if Velikovsky turns out to be so critically flawed. If so, he will join the ranks of pretty well everyone else!
by ericaitch » Thu 02 Mar 2017 3:02 am
I must agree that Velikovsky was a trail blazer extra ordinaire but my own research has unfortunately shown many blemishes.
I was introduced to Velikovsky in the 1960's and was hooked. HOWEVER, it soon became apparent that there were structural errors in his chronology.
These perceived errors led me a merry chase as I, aka Don Mills, probed the references used by Velikovsky. My resources documents include SIS Review and Workshop, Thoth, Pensee, Kronos and Aeon plus access by letter and emails to my peers who appear so often in those journals.
I applied my accountancy skills to do an audit of his proofs within his major pillars, especially those dealing with the Amarna Letters.
The shock was palpable. Obvious detail was left out of the argument. Application of this "extra" data changed the thrust of his intent.
Thus I thank him for opening those doors and letting in more light, I thank him for the concept of removing 600 years of Dark Ages.
But I cannot forgive him for ignoring and or subverting the evidence before him,
by ericaitch » Fri 24 Mar 2017 1:24 am
The Placement of Dynasty XXII
With some fanfare in "Ages in Chaos" Velikovsky finishes his Dynasty XVIII with Pharaoh Ay, arguing that Akhenaten and the period of el Amarna is in the times of the Biblical king Ahab and, by default, introduces the Libyan Dynasties from circa 830 BC.
There are few dates in "Ages in Chaos" but what there are limits our investigation.
We are indebted to John Holbrook Jnr. who created a spreadsheet in the centrefold of Pensee IV, Number 3, 1973. From investigating "Ages in Chaos" I have determined that certain dates are there correctly given in Thiele's Biblical manner. For instance King David is given at 1000 BC and controls the start date of Pharaoh Ahmose, circa 1000 BC.
In his Conclusion Velikovsky lays his cards on the table by linking David with Ahmose and Amenhotep I. He also twice (pages 329 and 339) tells us that Akhenaten is contemporary with the Biblical King Ahab. As King Ahab begins his reign circa 880 BC (Thiele) and finishes circa 858 BC then such span should cover the reign of Akhenaten. Velikovsky, at least from page 308 links the Assyrian King Shalmaneser III with characters from the el Amarna letters. Velikovsky gives the start date of Shalmaneser III as -858. Thus we can be assured that it is within the times of Shalmaneser III that the el Amarna correspondence occurs.
Orthodox start dates for David and Ahab are 1016 and 880 BC respectively, a period lapse of 136 years.
Reading from Holbrook's centrefold based on given Velikovsky dates David is circa 1000 and Ahab circa 865 BC, a period lapse of 135 years. We can change David into Ahmose and Ahab into Akhenaten for those statements. Ahmose, linked to David, commences circa 1000 BC radical but 1550 BC if we follow Grimal from this www site http://www.phouka.com/pharaoh/pharaoh/d ... hmose.html . That same WWW site will give the start date of Akhenaten as 1360 BC. That site does not seem to favour the co regency question.
We are now perplexed as two ranges are before us; 1000 BC less 865 BC or 135 yrs till Ahab and 1550 BC less1350 BC or two hundred years (200) till Akhenaten for persons alleged to be contemporary.
There is no argument that I can find in "Ages in Chaos" where this anomaly of a shortening by sixty-five years (65) is explained.
This period for Dynasty XVIII (Ahmose to Ay) is "confirmed" by Holbrook where he ceases Pharaoh Ay at 830 BC and immediately commences Dynasty XXII. Again, no explanation is given for selecting 830 BC as the start date of Dynasty XXII.
But some help is at hand. In two accepted SIS articles are arguments placing Thutmose III as Shishak in either 925 BC (Thiele) or 982 BC (Montgomery). The date of 982 BC relies on the extended Ussher type dates that extend Biblical History by some sixty years. Getting some relativity into these dates requires an appeal to Convention (Grimal) for Egyptian sequences. Grimal starts Thutmose III in 1458 BC and ends Amenhotep III in 1352 BC, a period lapse of 106 years. Both pharaohs are deemed LB IIA.
According to Holbrook Velikovsky starts Thutmose III in 925 BC and commences Akhenaten circa 850 BC; a period lapse of but seventy-five years (75 years) encompassing Amenhotep III and erasing thirty years at one fell swoop. Again no argument is presented.
Our interest is piqued when we consider the authority invested in Table 3 of Alan Montgomery from SIS 2014. There, whilst dealing with the strata data details of Beth Shan, we are told that in 982 BC Thutmose III was Shishak and that in 875 BC (Ussher dating) there commenced Dynasty XXII, which, according to Velikovsky was the last year of Pharaoh Ay. The period lapse was one hundred and seven (107) years.
Grimal has the start of Thutmose III in 1458 BC and the end of Amenhotep III at 1352 BC, a period lapse of one hundred and six (106) years. Are not these two periods close to the same period and has not Table 3 confirmed that Amenhotep III is correctly placed to finish one hundred and six years after the beginning of the reign of Thutmose III? Is not the period lapse between 982 – 875 radical close to being the same as 1458 – 1352?
This requires that one hundred and six years after the Shishak event in 926 BC that Amenhotep ceased to reign. Thus his death is computed at 820 BC. He is followed by Akhenaten, Smenkhare, Tutankhamun and Ay, roughly twenty years according to my count and finishing XVIII in 800 BC but not according to Velikovsky.
Thus Dynasty XVIII ran on for thirty six years whilst running concurrently with early Dynasty XXII.
No parallelism is given for this situation, thus, imho, it negates the placement of these worthies. There has to be a better alternative. Velikovsky and with him John Holbrook Jnr., has it wrong.
Eric A, December 2016
by ericaitch » Thu 27 Apr 2017 5:18 am
Dynasty XXII Anomalies
Whilst dealing with "Egypt – the Centre of the Problem", pp 220 – 261, James [1] et al specifically dealt with Libyan artefacts outside Egypt [2]. After some pages of text readers are presented with Table 10.3 which lists ten specific finds with this proviso:
"List of principal 22nd and 23rd dynasty finds outside of Egypt which have independently dated contexts. The dates given are the earliest allowed by the local archaeological evidence; those for the Byblos statues follow [the claims of] Wallenfels (1983)"[3]
The dates for the ten dynastic personnel are conventional following the agreed date for the start of XXII in 945 BC. Thus the "movement" from "conventional" to "indicated" is relatively large. Some given shifts are 945 – 925 BC to circa 800 BC for Byblos, 874 – 850 BC to circa mid 8th for Samaria or circa 700 BC, Spain and 773 – 767 BC to circa 720 BC, for Carthage.
In a much later set of correspondences James [4] et al said that they now followed Brunet [5]. That situation will result in this Table.
Dyn XXII	Oxford	Dyn XXII	Brunet	Dyn XXII	yrs	Africanus	James
Shoshenq I	945	924	Shoshenq I	836	815	Sesonchis	21	836	815	800 BC
Osorkon I	924	889	Osorkon I	815	800	Osorthon	15	815	800	Early 8th
Takelot I	889	874	Takelot I	800	793	Three Others	25	800	775
Osorkon II, 874	850	Os II, T II & Sh III	793	769	Takelot II	13	775	762	Mid 8th
Takelot II 850	825	Tak II & Shosh III	769	750	700 BC
Shoshenq III	825	773	Shoshenq III	750	720	Three Others	42	762	720	720 BC
Pamai	773	767	Pamai	720	714	720 BC
Overall	178	122	116
We now return to the specifics of Table 10.3 from "Centuries of Darkness", page 253. The pharaohs there mentioned include Shoshenq I, Osorkon I, Osorkon II, Takeloth II, Shoshenq III and Pimay, aka Pamay.
Appraising the shifts claimed by James and using these newly accepted dates one is enthralled by these situations.
The Oxford History's Dynastic members incorporate Osorkon IV immediately after Shoshenq III but places Pamai before Shoshenq III. The overlaps earlier found to cause the co regencies of Osorkon II, Takelot II and Shoshenq III surely require that Pamai must follow Shoshenq III; does not the Apis' data require this?
The last Libyan burial of an Apis' bull is under Shoshenq V whom we see as a possibility for Susinku from Assyrian invasion times which must perforce be after 681 BC. Does this require that Osorkon IV has to be later than Shoshenq V? The Oxford thinks so. According to Holbrook, Velikovsky never dates Osorkon IV but does appear to place Shoshenq III circa 750 BC. James, "Centuries of Darkness", at page 304, questions the existence of an Osorkon IV and argues that he was Osorkon III. As our revision places Osorkon III circa 720 for Carthage, 700 BC for Spain, well might we be tempted now to claim the cross link between Haremhab and an Osorkon but letting him be Osorkon III following James.
We must never forget that Velikovsky also saw the start of Dynasty XXII from 836 BC [6] though no references were given
J. Eric Aitchison, North Lambton, Australia
1.	James, Peter, "Centuries of Darkness", Jonathan Cape, London, 1991
2.	Ibid., pages 247 ff
3.	The Bibliography directs readers to Wallenfels, R., 1983, "Redating the Byblian Inscriptions", Journal of the Ancient Near Eastern Society, 15, 79 – 118
4.	Peter James confirmed in an email that he now followed Rupert L Chapman III; citing, "Putting Sheshonq I in His Place", Palestine Exploration Quarterly, 141, 1 (2009), 4 – 17. Thus James' date for the start of XXII is 836 BC
5.	http://www.angelfire.com/ma/mhetjf/rech ... s_TIP.html Brunet, Jean-Frederic, "The XXIInd and XXVth Dynasties Apis Burial Conundrum", Journal of the Ancient Chronology Forum (JACF), Vol. 10, page 31 or see electronic posting.
6.	Holbrook John, Jnr, Notes concerning the Outline of History, Centrefold, Pensee IV, No 3, 1973
by ericaitch » Fri 01 Sep 2017 5:28 am
This question of Dynasty XXII and its start date has received renewed interest by the publication of
SOLOMON and SHISHAK, Current Perspectives from Archaeology, Epigraphy, History and Chronology.
The proceedings of the Third BICANE Colloquium held at Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, March 2011,
edited by Peter James, Peter van der Veen and assisted by Robert Porter,
Its worth the investment,
ERIC A, September 2017
Re: Velikovsky's sources - a possible resolution
by John » Sat 03 Feb 2018 11:05 pm
Since outset, I have been very unhappy with the references to [indisputable] evidence that suggests that a great and original thinker, Immanuel Velikovsky had stooped to altering sources that he then referred to and published. It makes no sense – none at all.
Velikovsky always trod the path of reason and honesty.
This then demands an alternative solution. I had pretty well always assumed that he must have had a helper or two. I have been very reluctant to air this view as it blames others who must remain unnamed and undefended. I had hoped that some concrete information would surface but - unsurprisingly - none has. This leaves some questions unanswered.
The depth and variety of his references, particularly in obscure languages, is unequalled. The time and effort involved were gargantuan! This man was intensely occupied in different studies and had a remarkable level of active involvement. How he did all that alone completely baffled me. And - made me wonder!
Now, some 50-60 years later, puzzling misquotations have been discovered throwing some of his work into question.
I do not doubt the research that has uncovered these quite amazing distortions. Interestingly, these questionable sources are principally in English, making fewer demands on a helper.
It is my belief that he must indeed have had help. With such research, one cannot rely on memory alone. Notes must be made – piles of them. More time, more labour. Collating all that information and relating it to particular parts opinion his written work was an onerous full-time task.
Velikovsky simply must have been helped!
This man presents as a very proud and fiercely determined character. He was absolute in his sense of personal responsibility, well aware of the opposition his work was facing. So, as do many writers, he ensured that any criticism would fall on his shoulders alone. A worthy and honourable posture.
The 'helper' must have been someone who had his complete trust and probably affection. I believe this unknown assistant altered 'quotations' in the mistaken belief that he, Velikovsky, [already under absolutely tremendous pressure] needed to be bolstered up and morally supported by seemingly authoritative source material.
I have an opinion as to the helper/s identity, but nothing in the way of proof.
I realise that my conclusion could be interpreted as wishful thinking, but despite colossal pressure and insulting rejection by the scientific community [well prior to publication!] he still went ahead, with a prominent, unaltered and detailed source list. He would surely have fully expected both his sources and interpretations to be challenged. The scientific community already long hostile to both him and his work, could easily have engaged [at no cost!] some lackey to check them.
Even Velikovsky did not anticipate that they would be so arrogant they would check no reference, no conclusion. They had raged wildly at his temerity in challenging conventional astronomy, bringing pressure by refusing to allow him space in scientific publications. I simply do not, cannot believe that it is reasonable to believe that such a man would undermine his own Herculean efforts, let alone do it in such a stupidly well-documented fashion!
That this factor bespeaks the work [interference] by some other could hardly be plainer.
I rest my case!
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First ladies of Egypt, France discuss women's empowerment
Al-Masry Al-Youm
The first ladies of Egypt and France, Entissar al-Sisi and Brigitte Macron, held a meeting on Monday in the al-Ittihadiya Presidential Palace and discussed political, economic, social issues, especially regarding women's empowerment and child care.
The two first ladies also discussed ways of protecting children from ill-treatment and providing preventive solutions for their problems, Egyptian presidency spokesperson Bassam Radi said.
Radi added that Sisi praised her meeting with Macron, mentioning that the Egyptian-French relationship is a historic and close one.
Sisi asserted that the Egyptian people cherish the Egyptian-French relations and respect the French culture, including the ideas of French thinkers and philosophers, which have been key in enhancing the progress of human civilization.
Meanwhile, President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi and President Macron discussed several regional issues on Monday, including the Syrian and Libyan files.
The two presidents signed several agreements and joint contracts in the fields of transportation, education and economy.
They also agreed to increase the volume of commercial exchange between the two countries.
Sisi said, "We lead our country with honor and pride to establish a society suitable for Egyptians," stressing that he aims to move the Egyptian society forward.
Brigitte Macron is traveling with her husband French President Emmanuel Macron on an official visit to Egypt. The two began their three-day visit to Egypt on Sunday at the tourist city of Abu Simbel in Aswan.
The Macrons' visit to Egypt began with a tour inside the Ramses II temple in Abu Simbel. There they listened to an explanation of the history of the temple and its engravings about the wars of King Ramses II and the history of Egypt during that period.
President Macron will meet with Coptic Pope Tawadros II on Tuesday during a visit to the St. Mark Cathedral in Abbasiya, according to a statement from the Coptic Orthodox Church of Egypt.
The visit comes at the start of the French-Egyptian Cultural Year 2019 and also on the occasion of the 150th anniversary of the inauguration of the Suez Canal.
Edited translation from Al-Masry Al-Youm
2 Egyptian women to stand new trial over TikTok dance videos
EgyptAir requires US and UK travelers to present negative COVID-19 test before boarding
World Health Organization calls on Egypt to review data on coronavirus infections and deaths
Egypt signs MOU with Siemens for US$23 billion high-speed train line: cabinet
Egypt to construct the Cairo Eye, Africa's largest Ferris wheel
Sharm el-Sheikh International Airport receives Health Accreditation Seal for Safe Travel
Egypt's Minister of Health refutes claims that Egypt has highest coronavirus death rate
Strategic cooperation agreement between Russia and Egypt comes into force
Egypt's Health Minister announces date for vaccination rollout as February 1
Health Minister signs protocol to vaccinate 2 million Egyptians for free
Ethiopia begins constructing new dam in northern Amhara region
'Enjoy your winter in Egypt' initiative includes offers on flights, hotels
Tags Brigitte Macron child abuse children care Entissar al-Sisi French-Egyptian relations presidential palace al-Ittihadiya woman empowerment
President Sisi underlines Egypt's keenness on freedom of opinion during meeting with Macron
French President begins trip to Egypt at Abu Simbel
French president to meet Pope Tawadros II on Tuesday during three-day visit to Egypt

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Fellows' Corner
Lessons in Alzheimer Disease
Moving forward following failed studies in Alzheimer disease and improving how the condition is managed in the future.
Alireza Atri, MD, PhD
Current Series: Advances In Management Of Alzheimers Disease
Historical Perspective of Alzheimer Disease
Role of Genetics in Alzheimer Disease
Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer Disease
Treating Alzheimer Disease: Unmet Needs
Improving Care in Alzheimer Disease
A Team-Based Approach to Alzheimer Disease
BACE Inhibitors and Antibodies in Alzheimer Disease
Emerging Agents for the Treatment of Alzheimer Disease
Upcoming Studies for the Treatment of Alzheimer Disease
The Future in Managing Alzheimer Disease
Alireza Atri, MD, PhD: Regrettably, we've had a number of very high-profile experimental drug program failures in Alzheimer disease in the last year. Along with that, we've learned a fair bit. One of the things we've learned over the last several years is that it's very important, if we are going to have an experimental drug that's targeting amyloid or tau, that we make sure that the individual, even though they may have a clinical syndrome—let's say it's cognitive impairment or dementia—be clinically thought to have Alzheimer disease. Or make sure that it's actually proven to be, in some ways, by biomarkers, due to Alzheimer disease.
Now we have ways, through spinal fluid, of looking at amyloid and tau profiles, or from PET [positron emission tomography] scans to make sure that individuals have a sufficient amount of amyloid in their brain. And now even experimentally, tau can be seen on PET scans. Again, that's available experimentally. So that's on the diagnostic side. That's very important because you want to give a treatment that is working on a certain protein for an individual who actually has an abnormal amount of that. So that's one lesson that's been learned.
The other lesson that's very important, and not all of the data are out on this, is there have been tremendous failures, unfortunately, of amyloid antibodies and even BACE [beta secretase] inhibitors in mild to moderate stages of Alzheimer disease/dementia, even reaching down to the MCI [mild cognitive impairment] stages of Alzheimer disease. Not all of the programs have failed. There are at least 2 drugs in phase 3 studies right now for antibodies that are still being tested. For BACE inhibitors, I think 5 out of 7 programs have either been halted because of a lack of efficacy or because, in some cases, there were some detrimental signals on cognition that were mild but very reproducible.
There are 2 drugs that are BACE inhibitors that may have a different profile. They may not have the same off-target effects. They may be affecting BACE2 instead of BACE1, and they may be modulating the production of amyloid in a certain way that it's not too much. With some of the BACE inhibitors, we're inhibiting production by lowering amounts by about 80% or 90%. Well, is that too much? Is there a sweet spot? Should it be 20%, for example? So those answers are still out.
I think while there's less enthusiasm for amyloid approaches in the dementia stages of Alzheimer disease, even though there are a few drugs that are still out there being tested, the understanding that if you intervene earlier in the amyloid pathway is still something that has to be investigated. Particularly, for example, in very early onset or familial patterns where individuals have symptoms, let's say in their 30s and 40s, that's a very different disease. And potentially by kind of turning off the spigot of amyloid production, or taking away plaques for people who have developed them, that may still potentially put them on a pathway of less neurodegeneration and tau formation.
I think there's a lot of promise in tau, but these are still relatively early days. We don't know which epitopes of tau to target, or how much targeting engagement to pursue. Should it be intracellular? Should it be extracellular? There are a number of programs that are investigating that, but I think that's a very promising approach. There are also approaches for mitochondrial function, for neuroprotection, for modulating inflammation, which is again like a fire in the brain, and also the components of vascular brain injury. And also, pathogens. If one has amyloid, for example, certain pathogens that we're all exposed to may actually make the effect of amyloid more toxic, or the effects of APOE4 [apolipoprotien E4], which is a risk factor that we have to induce tau damage much more.
So where this is going in 10 or 15 years is that we'll be able to say not everybody has the same flavor of Alzheimer disease or dementia, and we should be able to get a particular profile with individuals' amounts of amyloid and tau, and neurodegeneration and inflammation, and be able to diagnose that in a personal way but also hopefully have more targeted treatments. I think we'll get there, but I don't think there's going to be a magic bullet. It's really a complex system, and we require studies that go on for many years.
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Posted on 11th September 2015 by Joe
MPs to vote blind on 'fungal toenail' HS2 changes affecting 1500 landowners.
A briefing note published jointly by HS2 Ltd and the Department for Transport shows a minimum of 1,479 landowners will be affected by amendments to the HS2 Hybrid Bill, which will be debated by MPs on Tuesday (15th September).
Whilst in some instances, the explanatory note concerning 'Additional Provisions' 3 and 4 (AP3/4) shows that the number of affected landowners is for some reason still 'to be confirmed', at least 631 new landowners will be impacted. 514 new landowners will be affected in the London Borough of Camden alone, with the Government describing this impact as 'minor changes'. In total, there will be changes in 22 parliamentary constituencies along Phase 1 of the proposed route.
However, like with previous amendments to the HS2 Bill, MPs will not have the full details of what they are expected to vote on before the debate. Whilst the full details of AP3 concerning changes around Euston are expected to be published two days after the debate, Stop HS2 understands that AP4, concerning route-wide changes will not be published until October, most likely after the four-week petitioning period for AP3 has concluded on October 16th.
This lack of detail is sure to be criticised by Parliamentarians, as when AP2 was debated on the 23rd of June, Meriden MP Caroline Spelman, whose constituency will be again affected by AP4, complained:
"I just cannot tell from the map, frankly, what the new route is, and that makes it very difficult for me to know how the change to the road network is going to affect various people in my constituency. At that point the line severs a number of landowners' holdings, to the point where some farms might no longer be viable, so I impress upon the Minister how important it is that Members of Parliament have a better quality map than the one provided, because I cannot understand the one I am looking at."
Whilst earlier this week the Government issued mock ups of a completed Euston station, including a new entrance which has been dubbed as resembling a 'fungal toenail', no actual designs for the station, let alone details of the impacts on rail services during construction will be released prior to the debate. The explanatory note states:
Spot the difference!
"The majority of the changes to the design can be implemented under the powers in the existing Bill and therefore are not addressed in the AP. Consequently, the AP for Euston comprises a number of minor changes to the powers in the Bill. These minor changes are detailed in the first 15 pages of this document. For a more general description of the proposed changes at Euston, please refer to Appendix A. The full details of the proposed changes will be published in the Environmental Statement (ES), subject to Parliament's approval of the motion."
The most detail of what will happen at Euston seems at the moment to be plans presented to Camden residents in August, which show that two of the approach lines (E and X) running into Euston will be decommissioned during construction, which will remove a third of the capacity on the approach tracks into the station for an unknown period, on top of the 19 weekends of full station closure. Besides the weekend closures, no details of the disruption at Euston have been published, and it very much seems that the proposals submitted by HS2 Ltd have not been approved by Network Rail who run the station. In the presentation to residents, HS2 Ltd state that enabling works in Camden which require moving utilities will start before 2017, whilst construction phase 'B2' will continue after 2033, discrediting the statement from Government earlier this week that construction will take 16 years.
Stop HS2 Campaign Manager Joe Rukin responded:
"MPs are being asked to vote for 20 years of construction impacts to the West Coast Mainline, with no more than a picture of the proposed fungal toenail entrance to Euston to go on. It is simply irresponsible to ask MPs to vote for these changes without knowing how removing a third of the approach capacity into the station will impact on current rail services for the best part of 20 years. The fact this information isn't available leads to two possible conclusions; most likely is that no-one has bothered to work this out because HS2 Ltd are solely concerned with hitting their deadline for submitting something no matter how half-baked it is, or they have worked out what the disruption will be and it is that terrible they are too scared to tell anyone before the vote."
"It is simply disgraceful that the actual designs for Euston will only be published two days after MPs are expected to vote for them, with the other amendments to the route coming out over a month after that vote. It seems very much that Network Rail and TfL have had no input into the proposed redesign of Euston."
"With almost 1,500 property owners affected by the proposed changes to HS2, and over 600 of them being newly affected, the obvious conclusion is that the project has been poorly planned from the outset. Typical of HS2 Ltd, they have issued a briefing which is short on detail, expecting MPs to blindly vote for it with no details of what it will do to the costs or timescale, save the fact downgrading the Euston plans will cost £250m more, and there is an unknown extra redevelopment cost, whenever Network Rail and TfL point out their problems."
"The only thing that is currently clear is that there is going to be an increase in the cost of HS2 which HS2 Ltd are going to try and stick on someone else's budget and the unknown knock-on effects of rail disruption will be horrendous."
Penny Gaines, chair of Stop HS2 added:
"HS2 Ltd have been trying to spin their Euston plans as the panacea for any existing problems with the current station. But as they say more about the plans, it becomes clearer that HS2 are just plonking their platforms into the area. Not only are they leaving it up to other organisations to revitalise the existing station, but they admit their £2.250 billion budget for the high speed part of Euston station doesn't even include everything HS2 Ltd needs to build there."
"These additional provisions show that many more people will be affected by HS2 than already."
New Judicial Review – Links to Help Find Evidence
Serious Problems with HS2 in Camden
From the Additional Provisions debate
Camden & Euston – AP3 petitioning
Government forced into u-turn before HS2 vote
Tags: News, Press Release
News, Press Release
Tagged additional provision, AP2, AP3, AP4, Camden, Caroline Spelman, Euston, fungal, HS2, Joe Rukin, London, Meriden, network, rail, toenail, Transport for London
2 comments to "MPs to vote blind on 'fungal toenail' HS2 changes affecting 1500 landowners."
Pingback: STOP HS2 | The next HS2 train has been delayed for a couple more years.
Corbyn Watson Rail Unions can the Counties, Cities and Locations make the case for a different approach than HS2 and focus on the wider network road and rail improvments please.
Can the county leaders and the people and communities impacted link with Mr Corbyn Mr Watson and the unions to obtain a change to HS2. This is a wasteful and destuctive route and does not improve regional rail and road.
The indulgence of Hoon Adonis Cameron and Osborne requires many people and local authorities to now try and obtain MPs to lead a new policy that is not so destructive and costly for the sake of the British and visitors using jammed motorways and roads and a deficient rail netwrok please.


We've all been there. The embarrassment of misinterpreting someone else's unspoken communication; the awkwardness or downright unpleasantness of someone misunderstanding or just plain missing yours.
But you don't feel comfortable just coming out and flatly saying these things – or bellowing them across the room, as the case may be. I believe I may have discovered a solution, and very poetically, this benefit for the future has its roots in the past, back before texting and DMs and all the rest of it. Back, in fact, in the days of sailing ships.
Prior to the invention of radio, ships used to communicate with each other by running up particular flags with particular meanings. Admiral Horatio Nelson kicked off the Battle of Trafalgar by having his signal officer on H.M.S. Victory inform the rest of the British fleet that "England expects that every man will do his duty." This took quite a large number of flags.
The Imperial Japanese Navy, by contrast, had a single flag to denote "The Empire's fate depends on the result of this battle, let every man do his utmost duty," which tells you a lot about the Imperial Japanese Navy.
Naturally, carrying around a whole swag of fabric is not going to be convenient for those of us who don't have a sailing ship to hand, but no doubt they could be adapted for use in the modern techie world. Signal flag emoji, for example; a display on your watch which you casually turn toward the intended recipient; a popup on your screen, a variable-display brooch or pin, or even – for those analogue situations – a little pack of cards that goes on your keyring.
Consider, for example, those days after a bad night's sleep when you crawl down for breakfast feeling like something the cat hacked up. Just the situation where you don't want to try expressing how you feel in words, right? Instead, run up a Y flag: I am dragging my anchor. When, later in the day, you're struggling to deal with whatever the day has flung at you, and the last thing you want is people trying to interact with you on top of that, run up the D flag: Keep clear of me – I am manoeuvring with difficulty. Overwhelmed with sheer tiredness when someone wants you to do something, whether it be work, chores or going out on the town? Bring on the M flag: My vessel is stopped and making no way through the water.
Lost in an unfamiliar locale? The G flag will tell the world that I require a pilot. Or if you're stuck in one of those barn-like shops with nary a helpful shop assistant to hand, a V flag will inform them that I require assistance. If you have a disability and are sick of people treating you like you're incapable of conversation – or worse, not even there – consider running up the F flag: I am disabled. Communicate with me. The difficult realm of interpersonal relationships – particularly where dating or "meeting someone" is concerned, could also be rendered less confusing with the use of signal flags.
If you find yourself in the company of someone who seems rather more interested in you than you're comfortable with, run up the S flag as a not-so-subtle hint: My engines are going astern.
If someone is coming on to you in a way you do not like, deploy the L flag: You should stop your vessel instantly. Follow that up with X: Stop carrying out your intentions and watch for my signals. If that fails to have the desired effect, bring on the U flag: You are running into danger. Those whose love life is in better condition and who just want to be left alone to make goo-goo eyes at each other can run up the T flag: Keep clear of me, I am engaged in pair trawling. And of course, we all have days when the kindest thing to do is warn the world with a J flag: I am on fire and have dangerous cargo on board, keep well clear of me.
Poo (with eyes!), but not signal flags. A mysterious omission, and one which says a lot about our present culture.


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Democratizing the Great Books
April 3, 2017 by JMC
JMC Fellows Casey N. Blake, Roosevelt Montás and Tamara Mann Tweel write in Inside Higher Ed
great bookscivic educationColumbia UniversityCenter for American Studies
By Casey N. Blake, Roosevelt Montás and Tamara Mann Tweel
In December, some 250 students, professors, university administrators and other citizens attended a daylong conference organized by Columbia University's Center for American Studies on the theme of "Democracy and Education." The event took the centennial of the publication of John Dewey's classic book of that title as an occasion to consider how schools, colleges and universities might reinvigorate civic education with new pedagogies and partnerships with community organizations.
The stakes could not be higher. As Dewey wrote, "Democracy has to be born anew every generation, and education is its midwife." The recent election added urgency to the day's discussion, throwing in relief the question "What does democratic education mean today?"
Years ago our keynote speaker, the political philosopher Danielle Allen, grappled with that very question as she taught Great Books courses to night students at the University of Chicago. The Declaration of Independence became the sole text for one of those seminars, as she invited the students to join her in parsing each line of the country's founding document. Allen explained in her book Our Declaration, "I wanted my students to claim the text …. I wanted them to understand that democratic power belonged to them, too, that they had its sources inside themselves …. I wanted them to own the Declaration of Independence."
Ownership of the democratic tradition is key to a civic education. Allen understood that if students formed a personal relationship with a text, if they acquired it as a work that awakened their own civic intelligence, they would move from passive recipients of a heritage that they didn't believe was theirs to active participants in shaping their country's democratic future.
Click here to continue reading at Inside Higher Ed.
Click here for more information on the Center for American Studies, a JMC partner program at Columbia University.
Casey N. Blake is director of the Center for American Studies and Mendelson Family Professor of American Studies at Columbia University. Roosevelt Montás is director of the Core Curriculum at Columbia University. Tamara Mann Tweel is a seminar instructor in the Freedom and Citizenship Program at Columbia University
Previous: New Issue and New Collected Volume from American Political Thought
Next: The Sleeping Sovereign: A Book Panel Discussion of Richard Tuck's Recent Treatment of Modern Democracy


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Home/Audio/The Score Sheet: Iowa topples #18 UC-Irvine
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The Score Sheet: Iowa topples #18 UC-Irvine
Area MLB, NBA and NHL recaps
Kellan Heavican Send an email May 6, 2019
Radio Iowa and the Associated Press contributed to this story.
UC-Irvine scored nine runs in the fifth inning to put the game away as the 18th ranked Anteaters beat Iowa 15-4 to salvage the final game of their three game series. It was Iowa's sixth straight series win.
Iowa coach Rick Heller:
https://kchanews.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/iowauc1.mp3
It was the third straight series for the Hawkeyes in which they were unable to close out a three game sweep.
At 29-17 the Hawkeyes are considered an NCAA bubble team. They return to action Friday by opening a Big Ten series at home against Michigan State.
Area MLB scores
Kris Bryant belted his fourth career grand slam while the Cubs were tacking on six runs in the eighth inning of their seventh straight win, a 13-5 pounding of the Cardinals. Willson Contreras, Anthony Rizzo and David Bote each drove in two runs as Chicago leapfrogged the Cardinals for first place in the NL Central. Ben Zobrist had two hits and made two nice plays in left field while the Cubs were polishing off their first three-game sweep of St. Louis since September 2017.
Domingo German tied for the major league lead with his sixth win as the Yankees picked up a 4-1, rain-shortened win over the Twins. German stayed in control despite the precipitation, giving up one run and four hits in 6 2/3 innings while striking out seven. Mike Tauchman hit a two-run homer for New York, which claimed its 11th win in 15 games after the game was called in the bottom of the eighth.
NBA update
The Toronto Raptors and Denver Nuggets have regained homecourt advantage in the NBA's conference semifinals by evening their respective series at two games apiece.
Kawhi Leonard poured in 39 points and the Raptors held Joel Embiid in check in a 101-96 victory at Philadelphia.
Game 5 is Tuesday in Toronto.
In Portland, Nikola Jokic had a triple-double of 21 points, 12 rebounds and 11 assists as the Nuggets held off the Trail Blazers, 116-112. It was his second straight triple-double and fourth of the postseason.
The Nuggets host Game 5 on Tuesday.
NHL update
The St. Louis Blues and Dallas Stars are going to the limit.
The Blues have forced a Game 7 in their NHL second-round series by scoring three unanswered goals in a 4-1 victory at Dallas..
Nashua-Plainfield Boys and Girls Split with Riceville
Mason City requests to join NEIC; Oelwein may jump-ship
NFL Hall of Fame unveils finalist for class of 2020
NFL Post-Season Action Starts This Weekend
News & Sports Director
Joyce Boese, 94, Riceville
New Hampton students present speeches on nation's biggest stage
Osage Esports students are being recruited
Tale of Two Different Halves-Final Score Packers Vikings
Vikings 10 Packer 9 at half
Packers vs. Viking on Monday Night


text:
The King's Lynn Maritime Trail01553 763044workHistoric SiteA brand new, self-guided walking tour focusing on King's Lynn's maritime heritage was launched on International Hanse Day 2013.
The Maritime Trail guides people through King's Lynn's exceptional historic built environment. By incorporating the stories of the merchants, shipbuilders, sailors, fishermen, press gangs, porters and pubs, which have played key roles in the town's history, the trail helps to bring the past to life.
The way-marked trail, which starts at True's Yard Fisherfolk Museum and ends at Marriott's Warehouse, features 27 bronze pavement plaques. There are four different designs to look out for, representing the four wards through which the trail passes.
The tour in brief:
North End Ward - portrayed by a ship's anchor - tours the historic home of King's Lynn's fishing community at True's Yard, as well as taking in St Nicholas' Chapel, Common Staithe Quay, and the impressive Tuesday Market Place.
Trinity Ward - represented by a Kogge or merchant's ship - covers King's Staithe Square, the Bank House and the impressive merchant's mansion and tower - Clifton House. The area was a key place for merchants to conduct their business in the 17th and 18th centuries.
Chequer Ward - depicted by a compass - takes in the iconic Custom House and the magnificent buildings on King Street, behind which was a world of warehouses, breweries and merchants' yards.
Stonegate Ward - signified by the image of a whale - takes in locations such as Nelson Street, Greenland Fishery, Hanse House and Marriott's Warehouse, and reflects the oldest part of the town, from which King's Lynn developed to become one of England's major ports.
Maritime Trail guide booklets will be available from King's Lynn Tourist Information Centre, True's Yard Fisherfolk Museum and Marriott's Warehouse at a cost of just 50p. The trail takes a minimum of around 1.5 hours to complete, but can be considerably longer depending on the amount of time taken to explore the various locations along the trail.King's Lynn Town CentreKing's LynnNorfolkPE30 1HPUnited Kingdom52.7582390000000.396788000000http://www.hansehouse.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/Maritime_Trail_web-version.pdf
The King's Lynn Maritime Trail
Maritime Trail Plaque
Kings Lynn Tourist Information Centre
King's Lynn Town Centre,
PE30 1HP
A brand new, self-guided walking tour focusing on King's Lynn's maritime heritage was launched on International Hanse Day 2013.
Maritime Trail guide booklets will be available from King's Lynn Tourist Information Centre, True's Yard Fisherfolk Museum and Marriott's Warehouse at a cost of just 50p. The trail takes a minimum of around 1.5 hours to complete, but can be considerably longer depending on the amount of time taken to explore the various locations along the trail.
www.hansehouse.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/Maritime_Trail_web-version.pdf
Open all the time
Maritime Trail guides are 50p each from Trues Yard Fisherfolk Museum, King's Lynn Tourist Information Centre, and other participating venues.


Emotional Dreams: Why we have them and what they mean.
Some psychologists believe that we have emotional dreams in order to allow our emotions to settle down. Without emotional dreams, we would simply overheat. Dreams can sometimes express very powerful emotions that we would not dare express in everyday life. They can act as an emotional safety valve to help us release tension. Jung pointed out that emotions come from the 'Shadow' which is the undeveloped, 'inferior' functions of the psyche. Many people will refuse to recognize these emotions as their own and project them onto someone else.
Some superstitions say to reverse the emotional meaning of the dream. For example, if you dream of being angry or crying it means that you will soon hear some good news.
Dreams are the strangest things. However sane you are during the day, at night you end up behaving very oddly indeed: flying, running around naked, chasing monsters, even meeting your soulmate – the so-called man 'of your dreams'.
It all seems so real, it's not surprising people assume that dreams must have some use. And, according to Hamilton-Parker, they do. He believes they're a powerful way to improve your emotions and your relationships.
'No-one knows exactly what dreams are, but one theory is that it's your brain's way of stopping your emotions overheating,' he says. 'Which means while your unconscious mind churns away turning out all your crazy imaginings, it's also working out solutions to any problems or issues you're facing.
Because dreams are intuitive, not logical, they're especially useful when it comes to discovering your true, gut feelings. 'That means once you learn to tap into your dreams, you can actually learn to use their lessons in waking life.
Why do we get angry in dreams?
Q: I had a nightmare and woke up full of foreboding and a sense of danger. What does this mean?
Q: I dreamed I was back in a bad relationship. Do I secretly want to go out with him again?
A: Not really, it's more revealing of your fears of what's going to happen to you in current or future relationships.
Q: I dreamed about my soulmate – does this mean I'll meet him?
Q: I had a dream that I was pregnant – does that mean I will be soon?
Q: In my dream I was riding a horse along a beach. It felt so happy. What does it mean?
If you want to ask your dreams a question, write it down and put it under your pillow. Then, you've set your unconscious program in motion to answering your question. It could be, say, 'Is he the one for me?' When you wake up, write down everything about your dream immediately. Then, think about the way you feel about every element of your dream – the people, sights and sounds. First impressions count, as they'll express your gut feelings. And they're the key to finding an answer – although it might not be the one you want!
Previous: What Do Dreams about Clowns Mean?


The classic problem of how long it would take to fall through the Earth has a new answer, and it's four minutes shorter than the one that has been calculated millions of times.
For generations, physics students have been challenged to work out how long it would take to fall through a hole dug through the center of the Earth if there was no friction or air resistance.
There are two astonishing aspects to the answer. The first is that it would take just 42 minutes. That's right, without any form of propulsion you could get from wherever you are to the other side of the planet faster than the International Space Station.
The second amazing aspect is that you don't have to go straight through. Dig a path from anywhere to anywhere on the Earth's surface (as long as it is far enough to make local variations trivial) and the travel time is 42 minutes. Any reduction in the distance is balanced by reduced acceleration from not falling vertically.
Of course, no drilling equipment could pierce the center of the Earth, and anyone passing through it would be fried by the intense heat if they could. On the other hand, some people have toyed with the idea of digging tunnels between major cities, such as New York and LA, sucking the air out and letting vehicles fall through, accelerating until they reach the midpoint, then gradually slowing down as gravity pulls them back.
In groundbreaking news, however, all those calculations are wrong. The American Journal of Physics has published the work of graduate student Alexander Klotz of McGill University. Klotz started with the common observation that the Earth is not uniformly dense. Aside from local variations in gravity, used to detect mineral deposits and track groundwater, the core is many times denser than the mantle or crust.
Thousands of physics lecturers have waved this fact away, along with student concerns about removing friction entirely. Klotz, however, went where no physicist has gone before, using models of density variation with depth built up from seismic data.
If one went right through the center of the planet, pole to pole for example, it would take just 38 minutes, reflecting the greater gravitational pull towards the center. On the other hand, 42 minutes remains a good estimate of the time required to get between two close points. "The time taken to fall along a straight line between any two points is no longer independent of distance but interpolates between 42 min for short trips and 38 min for long trips," Klotz observed.
Klotz also pointed out that while a straight line might be the shortest path between two points, it is not necessarily the quickest. The fastest journey between two non-opposite spots on the surface will be one that "tends to reach a greater maximum depth." Useful to know if you're trying to get from New York to Tokyo and can't spare those extra four minutes.


text:
Q: Podspec Lint and Trunk Push Error I am running the following command:
pod spec lint --verbose

I am getting the output
** BUILD SUCCEEDED **
-> MyFramework (0.1.0)
-> MyFramework
――― MARKDOWN TEMPLATE ―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――

Command
/usr/local/bin/pod spec lint --verbose

Report
* What did you do?

* What did you expect to happen?

* What happened instead?

Stack
CocoaPods : 0.39.0
    Ruby : ruby 2.0.0p645 (2015-04-13 revision 50299) [universal.x86_64-darwin15]
RubyGems : 2.0.14
    Host : Mac OS X 10.11.2 (15C50)
   Xcode : 7.2 (7C68)
     Git : git version 2.5.4 (Apple Git-61)
Ruby lib dir : /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib
Repositories : master - https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs.git @ cee10ce570256b26ee525b1d6868e2f486b3df92

Plugins
cocoapods-plugins : 0.4.2
cocoapods-search  : 0.1.0
cocoapods-stats   : 0.6.2
cocoapods-trunk   : 0.6.4
cocoapods-try     : 0.5.1

Error
NoMethodError - undefined method `to_sym' for #<Hash:0x007ff9ab949088>
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/cocoapods-core-0.39.0/lib/cocoapods-core/specification/root_attribute_accessors.rb:198:in `block in convert_keys_to_symbol'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/cocoapods-core-0.39.0/lib/cocoapods-core/specification/root_attribute_accessors.rb:196:in `each'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/cocoapods-core-0.39.0/lib/cocoapods-core/specification/root_attribute_accessors.rb:196:in `convert_keys_to_symbol'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/cocoapods-core-0.39.0/lib/cocoapods-core/specification/root_attribute_accessors.rb:113:in `source'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/cocoapods-core-0.39.0/lib/cocoapods-core/specification/linter.rb:109:in `block in check_required_attributes'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/cocoapods-core-0.39.0/lib/cocoapods-core/specification/linter.rb:108:in `each'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/cocoapods-core-0.39.0/lib/cocoapods-core/specification/linter.rb:108:in `check_required_attributes'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/cocoapods-core-0.39.0/lib/cocoapods-core/specification/linter.rb:50:in `lint'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/cocoapods-0.39.0/lib/cocoapods/validator.rb:243:in `perform_linting'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/cocoapods-0.39.0/lib/cocoapods/validator.rb:77:in `validate'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/cocoapods-0.39.0/lib/cocoapods/command/spec/lint.rb:60:in `block in run'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/cocoapods-0.39.0/lib/cocoapods/command/spec/lint.rb:50:in `each'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/cocoapods-0.39.0/lib/cocoapods/command/spec/lint.rb:50:in `run'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/claide-0.9.1/lib/claide/command.rb:312:in `run'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/cocoapods-0.39.0/lib/cocoapods/command.rb:47:in `run'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/cocoapods-0.39.0/bin/pod:44:in `<top (required)>'
/usr/local/bin/pod:23:in `load'
/usr/local/bin/pod:23:in `<main>'
――― TEMPLATE END ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――

[!] Oh no, an error occurred.

I don't know why this error is occurring. I can't find any method called to_sym. I have updated my podspecs, and gotten rid of all errors. I have registered with pod trunk. Now all I am trying to do is get a valid lint and push to the trunk. I am attempting to do this via http. Not sure if that affects anything, but I know most people do this via a git source. I created the library and even have an example project in here.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
package com.thinkinjava.concurrency;

import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

public class MutexEvenGenerator extends IntGenerator {
    private int val = 0;
    private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
    public int next() {
        lock.tryLock();
        try {
            val++;
            val++;
            return val;
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EvenChecker.test(new MutexEvenGenerator(), 5);
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Former union boss Helen Kelly dies after battle with cancer
13 Oct, 2016 06:40 PM 3 minutes to read
Former union boss Helen Kelly has died. Ms Kelly has lost her battle with lung cancer. She was 52. Here is her fiery speech in her last address as CTU President.
By Claire Trevett
Former union boss Helen Kelly has died.
Kelly has lost her battle with lung cancer.
She was 52.
Kelly, the former Council of Trade Unions president, was diagnosed with terminal cancer in February last year.
Although she stood down from the CTU in October last year, Kelly continued to fight for the causes she believed in until the end.
She campaigned through the media and social media about conditions for farm and forestry workers from her bed in Wellington's Mary Potter Hospice.
She even picked up a few new causes in her final months, becoming a leading advocate for the legalisation of medicinal cannabis and lending her weight to the campaign to allow assisted dying.
Throughout her time heading the CTU, Kelly was the face of high-profile and long-running campaigns to improve workplace health and safety in sectors such as forestry and farming.
She was one of the first people to ask hard questions of the management of Pike River Mine and offered backing to the families struggling to get accountability in the wake of the disaster that killed 29 people.
Nor did Kelly ever baulk from a barney with the government, even when it meant she copped flak.
Helen Kelly a 'relentless changemaker'
Editorial: Kelly fought for those who couldn't
Helen Kelly funeral details released
'Unstoppable Helen was stopped'
She backed industrial action by some of those working on the Hobbit in New Zealand in 2010 as part of the fight against changes the National Government was making to the employment status of film workers, saying it was selling out workers' rights to appease US film-makers.
That battle pitted Kelly against the giant of Sir Peter Jackson - at one point she called him a "spoiled brat". She later apologised, saying she did not like to get personal.
Kelly's involvement with unions began at an early age. Her father was Pat Kelly, a staunch and well-known unionist widely regarded as the intended target of the 1984 Trades Hall bombing in Wellington.
She has recalled union meetings as being as much a part of her childhood as dolls were for other children.
Kelly started a career as a primary school teacher before becoming a professional unionist in the education sector. She was appointed CTU president in 2007.
A non-smoker all her life, Kelly was diagnosed with terminal lung cancer last February and stood down in October, eight months after being told she could have only weeks to live.
In August this year she had one last bid to get more time by travelling to Cuba's La Pradera medical centre for treatment. However, she was went into the hospice soon after her return.
Those she had fought for during her life gave something back in her last weeks.
Since Kelly was diagnosed, many of the families of those killed in the workplace have spoken of her dedication, saying she would travel miles to visit them and never gave up on their case.
In her honour, the families of Pike River miners and forestry workers killed on the job set up a support group for the families of those who were killed at work.
Kelly eschewed a bucket list, but did marry her long-time partner Steve Hurring after her diagnosis.
Despite struggling with pain, in August she told The Nation she had had a wonderful year and would not want to have spent it simply lounging around.
"It's nice to have time before you die. That's a blessing."
Kelly leaves husband Hurring and son Dylan.
Perendale ram sells for $15,500


text:
Tumor invasion of extralobar soft tissue beyond the hilar region does not affect the prognosis of surgically resected lung cancer patients
Hajime Otsuka, Genichiro Ishii, Junji Yoshida, Yoko Yamaguchi, Tomoyuki Hishida, Mitsuyo Nishimura, Kanji Nagai, Atsushi Ochiai
Introduction: Visceral pleural invasion, which is defined as tumor extension beyond the elastic lamina, is one of the most important prognostic factors in patients who have undergone curative resection for non-small cell lung cancer. However, in pathologic slides, pleural elastic lamina could not be found in the hilar region in which the pleura is reflected. Till date, when cancer cells are seen in this region, a basical agreement dealing with T factor is controversial among pathologists. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the significance of tumor invasion of that region as a prognostic factor. Methods: We reviewed 91 cases of surgically resected lung cancer in which invasion of the hilar region was visible macroscopically. By microscopic examination, we divided them into three groups: a group in which no cancer cells are seen in the soft tissue beyond the hilar region (group A), a group in which cancer cells are seen in the soft tissue beyond the hilar region (group B), and a group in which cancer cells could not be seen in the soft tissue beyond the hilar region but invade into the mediastinal visceral pleura at some other site (group C). We then evaluated the clinicopathologic characteristics of the patients and their outcome. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the 5-year overall survival rate or disease-free survival rate between group A and group B (overall: 55 versus 48%; disease free: 43 versus 42%), but disease-free survival of group C was significantly lesser than that of group A and group B (A versus C: p = 0.022; B versus C: p = 0.040). Conclusion: Tumor invasion of the soft tissue beyond hilar region would not be a prognostic factor in patients who have undergone curative resection for primary lung cancer, although investigation of larger number of cases will be needed to confirm the validity of our conclusion.
Journal of Thoracic Oncology
https://doi.org/10.1097/JTO.0b013e3181eba931
Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma
Extralobar fat tissue
Hilar region
Pleural elastic lamina
Pleural invasion
Otsuka, H., Ishii, G., Yoshida, J., Yamaguchi, Y., Hishida, T., Nishimura, M., ... Ochiai, A. (2010). Tumor invasion of extralobar soft tissue beyond the hilar region does not affect the prognosis of surgically resected lung cancer patients. Journal of Thoracic Oncology, 5(10), 1571-1575. https://doi.org/10.1097/JTO.0b013e3181eba931
Tumor invasion of extralobar soft tissue beyond the hilar region does not affect the prognosis of surgically resected lung cancer patients. / Otsuka, Hajime; Ishii, Genichiro; Yoshida, Junji; Yamaguchi, Yoko; Hishida, Tomoyuki; Nishimura, Mitsuyo; Nagai, Kanji; Ochiai, Atsushi.
In: Journal of Thoracic Oncology, Vol. 5, No. 10, 10.2010, p. 1571-1575.
Otsuka, H, Ishii, G, Yoshida, J, Yamaguchi, Y, Hishida, T, Nishimura, M, Nagai, K & Ochiai, A 2010, 'Tumor invasion of extralobar soft tissue beyond the hilar region does not affect the prognosis of surgically resected lung cancer patients', Journal of Thoracic Oncology, vol. 5, no. 10, pp. 1571-1575. https://doi.org/10.1097/JTO.0b013e3181eba931
Otsuka H, Ishii G, Yoshida J, Yamaguchi Y, Hishida T, Nishimura M et al. Tumor invasion of extralobar soft tissue beyond the hilar region does not affect the prognosis of surgically resected lung cancer patients. Journal of Thoracic Oncology. 2010 Oct;5(10):1571-1575. https://doi.org/10.1097/JTO.0b013e3181eba931
Otsuka, Hajime ; Ishii, Genichiro ; Yoshida, Junji ; Yamaguchi, Yoko ; Hishida, Tomoyuki ; Nishimura, Mitsuyo ; Nagai, Kanji ; Ochiai, Atsushi. / Tumor invasion of extralobar soft tissue beyond the hilar region does not affect the prognosis of surgically resected lung cancer patients. In: Journal of Thoracic Oncology. 2010 ; Vol. 5, No. 10. pp. 1571-1575.
@article{b6a85464ee9244adab9b3c62b1102187,
title = "Tumor invasion of extralobar soft tissue beyond the hilar region does not affect the prognosis of surgically resected lung cancer patients",
abstract = "Introduction: Visceral pleural invasion, which is defined as tumor extension beyond the elastic lamina, is one of the most important prognostic factors in patients who have undergone curative resection for non-small cell lung cancer. However, in pathologic slides, pleural elastic lamina could not be found in the hilar region in which the pleura is reflected. Till date, when cancer cells are seen in this region, a basical agreement dealing with T factor is controversial among pathologists. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the significance of tumor invasion of that region as a prognostic factor. Methods: We reviewed 91 cases of surgically resected lung cancer in which invasion of the hilar region was visible macroscopically. By microscopic examination, we divided them into three groups: a group in which no cancer cells are seen in the soft tissue beyond the hilar region (group A), a group in which cancer cells are seen in the soft tissue beyond the hilar region (group B), and a group in which cancer cells could not be seen in the soft tissue beyond the hilar region but invade into the mediastinal visceral pleura at some other site (group C). We then evaluated the clinicopathologic characteristics of the patients and their outcome. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the 5-year overall survival rate or disease-free survival rate between group A and group B (overall: 55 versus 48{\%}; disease free: 43 versus 42{\%}), but disease-free survival of group C was significantly lesser than that of group A and group B (A versus C: p = 0.022; B versus C: p = 0.040). Conclusion: Tumor invasion of the soft tissue beyond hilar region would not be a prognostic factor in patients who have undergone curative resection for primary lung cancer, although investigation of larger number of cases will be needed to confirm the validity of our conclusion.",
keywords = "Extralobar fat tissue, Hilar region, Pleural elastic lamina, Pleural invasion",
author = "Hajime Otsuka and Genichiro Ishii and Junji Yoshida and Yoko Yamaguchi and Tomoyuki Hishida and Mitsuyo Nishimura and Kanji Nagai and Atsushi Ochiai",
doi = "10.1097/JTO.0b013e3181eba931",
journal = "Journal of Thoracic Oncology",
publisher = "International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer",
T1 - Tumor invasion of extralobar soft tissue beyond the hilar region does not affect the prognosis of surgically resected lung cancer patients
AU - Otsuka, Hajime
AU - Ishii, Genichiro
AU - Yoshida, Junji
AU - Yamaguchi, Yoko
AU - Hishida, Tomoyuki
AU - Nishimura, Mitsuyo
AU - Nagai, Kanji
AU - Ochiai, Atsushi
N2 - Introduction: Visceral pleural invasion, which is defined as tumor extension beyond the elastic lamina, is one of the most important prognostic factors in patients who have undergone curative resection for non-small cell lung cancer. However, in pathologic slides, pleural elastic lamina could not be found in the hilar region in which the pleura is reflected. Till date, when cancer cells are seen in this region, a basical agreement dealing with T factor is controversial among pathologists. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the significance of tumor invasion of that region as a prognostic factor. Methods: We reviewed 91 cases of surgically resected lung cancer in which invasion of the hilar region was visible macroscopically. By microscopic examination, we divided them into three groups: a group in which no cancer cells are seen in the soft tissue beyond the hilar region (group A), a group in which cancer cells are seen in the soft tissue beyond the hilar region (group B), and a group in which cancer cells could not be seen in the soft tissue beyond the hilar region but invade into the mediastinal visceral pleura at some other site (group C). We then evaluated the clinicopathologic characteristics of the patients and their outcome. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the 5-year overall survival rate or disease-free survival rate between group A and group B (overall: 55 versus 48%; disease free: 43 versus 42%), but disease-free survival of group C was significantly lesser than that of group A and group B (A versus C: p = 0.022; B versus C: p = 0.040). Conclusion: Tumor invasion of the soft tissue beyond hilar region would not be a prognostic factor in patients who have undergone curative resection for primary lung cancer, although investigation of larger number of cases will be needed to confirm the validity of our conclusion.
AB - Introduction: Visceral pleural invasion, which is defined as tumor extension beyond the elastic lamina, is one of the most important prognostic factors in patients who have undergone curative resection for non-small cell lung cancer. However, in pathologic slides, pleural elastic lamina could not be found in the hilar region in which the pleura is reflected. Till date, when cancer cells are seen in this region, a basical agreement dealing with T factor is controversial among pathologists. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the significance of tumor invasion of that region as a prognostic factor. Methods: We reviewed 91 cases of surgically resected lung cancer in which invasion of the hilar region was visible macroscopically. By microscopic examination, we divided them into three groups: a group in which no cancer cells are seen in the soft tissue beyond the hilar region (group A), a group in which cancer cells are seen in the soft tissue beyond the hilar region (group B), and a group in which cancer cells could not be seen in the soft tissue beyond the hilar region but invade into the mediastinal visceral pleura at some other site (group C). We then evaluated the clinicopathologic characteristics of the patients and their outcome. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the 5-year overall survival rate or disease-free survival rate between group A and group B (overall: 55 versus 48%; disease free: 43 versus 42%), but disease-free survival of group C was significantly lesser than that of group A and group B (A versus C: p = 0.022; B versus C: p = 0.040). Conclusion: Tumor invasion of the soft tissue beyond hilar region would not be a prognostic factor in patients who have undergone curative resection for primary lung cancer, although investigation of larger number of cases will be needed to confirm the validity of our conclusion.
KW - Extralobar fat tissue
KW - Hilar region
KW - Pleural elastic lamina
KW - Pleural invasion
U2 - 10.1097/JTO.0b013e3181eba931
DO - 10.1097/JTO.0b013e3181eba931
JO - Journal of Thoracic Oncology
JF - Journal of Thoracic Oncology
10.1097/JTO.0b013e3181eba931


Can joy and kindness be spread through rocks? Plano resident and artist Brandi Cooper King believes so, and she has proof – every smile she gets to see whenever someone finds one of her group's many painted rocks hidden anonymously around the community.
"I thought it was such a cool idea — just doing something that makes people happy," she said.
Brandi got the idea after seeing a story about a woman in Massachusetts who started leaving painted rocks on the beach for people to find. It motivated her to create the Plano Happy Rocks group on Facebook in July last year. She soon discovered that three months prior another woman had already started a Plano rock group.
What Brandi finds most heartwarming is when parents get together with their kids, paint the rocks together and hide them together. Popular places are parks, libraries and schools. Some are hidden at restaurants, shelves of schools and anywhere that's not dangerous where people might trip. Brandi loves knowing that kids are spending a little time painting rocks rather than just being on a gaming system or watching television.
The group has paint parties, and it meets at Norma's Café in Plano the second Sunday of the month to have a rock swap. The rule is to bring two rocks – one to keep and one to hide. When rocks are discovered out in the wild, lucky explorers will notice a note written on them. "Keep me, leave me or hide me somewhere new." It also asks the discoverer to please post on Facebook with the hashtag #PlanoHappyRocks.
There is no set theme for how the rocks should be painted, but holidays are a time to inspire certain kinds of designs. Ultimately, inclusivity is a cornerstone of Plano Happy Rocks; you don't have to be an artist to join. The range of talent goes from folks who say they can't paint well to highly skilled and experienced artists, but Brandi said that's not the point.
Wondering how to celebrate Random Acts of Kindness Day on Feb. 17? Try hiding a painted rock to brighten someone's day.