Right now, there's a talent war between high-growth companies. Finding star performers gives you an edge, from attracting investors to outsmarting the competition. You pour energy and money into luring talent across. They sign up, and for a second, you're in orbit.
Until they get poached by the competition. Your edge becomes someone else's advantage. And that star performer didn't stay long enough for you to gain value from their talents.
That's why it's vital for high-growth companies to have strategies for holding onto good people, along with campaigns to bring them on board.
Pay is where the conversation on conditions usually starts, but don't stop there. In another post , we gave you some tips for using non-financial incentives to encourage staff retention. Any workplace can consider flexible working arrangements and recognising high performance.
What about conditions specifically for high-growth companies?
We tend to think of conditions as just pay and perks, but reporting relationships play a huge role in shaping people's experience of work. When your organisation is going through growing pains, reporting is in flux. New people come on board. New teams are created. The organisational chart changes so often it's out-of-date almost as soon as you print it.
1) Change fatigue may set in if you shift relationships too often. As a founder or senior manager, you may be prepared to wear constant change. But for other staff, it can just wear them out.
3) Rather than totally redoing your organisation's structure each time, consider creating virtual teams. Here, your people report to one manager for the project duration, but keep reporting to their original manager on overall workload and performance.
Enter the spaceship. A spaceship company is an organisation where there are two tiers of staff. Senior staff are highly skilled, highly paid, and highly invested in the company. Often, they will be the founders or very early hires.
Then there are the people on the ground. These may be call centre staff, customer service reps or coders.
But there's no tier connecting the two levels. There's no way to get off the ground and into the spaceship.
1) No succession planning: if one of the early hires decides to leave, who's there to take their place? You have to go through a lengthy and expensive recruitment process, while your company loses ground.
2) Bottlenecks: when everything lands on the CEO's desk, you lose the capacity to make decisions quickly. You become less agile and less competitive.
3) Turnover: when someone in the call centre decides they're ready for higher responsibilities, there's no role for them to step up to. They have to step out.
1) Create opportunities: when cashflow is tight, with all your energy going into development and sales, it can seem hard to justify the return on investment of creating new roles.
There is another way of looking at the situation: balance the cost of creating roles against the potential cost to your business of losing good people.
2) Tailor opportunities: when you need more people, start by looking inside your company. If you think laterally, you may find a promising candidate right under your nose. Is your coder studying business administration at Uni? Is your sales rep studying graphic design?
If an internal candidate isn't currently working in that field, they may need more mentoring and support initially. Balance this against how well they understand your business. They're already inducted. They get how you work, so they'll hit the ground running.
Staff retention makes good sense for high-growth, rapidly evolving companies. When you gain an edge, you'll keep it. New people will stay, become embedded in your business, and help sustain your growth.
What are your strategies for retaining people? Let us know.
« 2016 Australian Not-For-Profit Technology Awards – the Winners!


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New & Selected Poems, 1957 – 2011
New and Selected Poems: 1957 – 2011 is culled from Robert Sward's newest and best works, including both previously unpublished poems and selections from his 20+ books of poetry. It is the definitive Sward collection, exhibiting throughout his signature style: outwardly zany and fanciful, but inwardly serious, troubled, and questioning. They cover the territory Sward has tread so well—love, divorce, multiple marriage, aging, loss, and the challenge of bringing up children in a highly unstable world.
"Indeed, the winding road offered by New and Selected Poems 1957–2011 is a fruitful, enlightening journey where we are mesmerized by the sounds and sites of a poet who has examined not only what poetry is, but what it means to live as a poet."
-Iris Jamahl Dunkle (Read Full Review Here)
Santa Cruz Poet Releases Career Collection Robert Sward's New and Selected Poems by Stephen Kessler -SANTA CRUZ WEEKLY
When Robert Sward arrived in Santa Cruz in 1985, he instantly became the area's most nationally famous resident poet.
"Robert Sward's poems are the result of a plunge into a never fully ironized, often hilarious sense of mysticism: they are the product of a restless, spiritually adventuresome sensibility masking itself as a stand-up comedian. This poet learned early that the comic, the 'zany,' was a mask by which one could assert oneself—through which one would be listened to. In his poems, the mask remains, but it is at the service of an essentially visionary impulse: 'the vision, the life that it requires.' Wonderful work."
"These are such funny, sad, generous poems—peopled with characters it's impossible not to love, especially Robert's podiatrist-Jewish-Rosicrucian father with his wisdom that bridges all dualities expounding on the feet and the soul, sex and death, the broken and the whole. In one poem, Robert asserts, 'In a world of No, dogs are a Yes'. And in the world of poetry, this book is a resounding Yes. Read it when you're happy, but especially read it when you're depressed. You'll find yourself joining in with the many dogs in these poems, saying, 'Woof, woof f—in' woof!'"
Publisher: Red Hen Press; 1st Edition edition (October 1, 2011)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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IND vs WI: All-rounder Ravindra Jadeja on the cusp of breaking Kapil Dev's record in the upcoming ODI series
Updated Oct 18, 2018 | 11:16 IST | Times Now Digital
India vs West Indies ODI series: Indian all-rounder Ravindra Jadeja is on the verge of breaking Kapil Dev's record as he gears up for the five-match series against Windies.
Ravindra Jadeja can break Kapil Dev's record in the upcoming series against West Indies | &nbspPhoto Credit:&nbspAP
All-rounder Ravindra Jadeja is on the cusp of breaking the legendary Kapil Dev as he gears up to take part in the upcoming ODI series against West Indies. India blanked Windies 2-0 to win the two-match series clinically with the likes of Prithvi Shaw and Rishabh Pant emerging as top talents from the series. Jadeja, who made a stellar return to ODI cricket in the Asia Cup 2018, also impressed with the ball in Tests against the visitors.
Jadeja can script history in the upcoming ODI series as he stands just 15 wickets away from overtaking Kapil to become India's leading wicket-taker in the fifty-over format against West Indies. Kapil has 43 wickets in 42 matches against Windies at an economy of 3.62 including a four-wicket haul. He is followed by Anil Kumble, who has 41 wickets to his name against Windies and Harbhajan Singh who has 33 wickets under his belt. Jadeja currently has 29 wickets in 19 matches against Windies and given his good form with the ball, he can be set to create history in the upcoming series.
At the Asia Cup 2018, Jadeja picked a total of seven wickets in four matches. His best performance in the tournament came against Bangladesh as he completed a stunning four-wicket haul against the eventual runners-up during the group stages. The southpaw continued his impressive run in the Test series against Windies and took four wickets in the opening Test at Rajkot
In the second Test at Hyderabad, he supported the pacers well to take three wickets for just 12 runs in the second innings after going wicketless in the first innings. Jadeja will be aiming to cement his spot in the ODI squad with the World Cup in focus, if he manages to topple Kapil, he will certainly present a strong case for himself post the five-match ODI series.
Meanwhile, BCCI on Tuesday confirmed that pacer Shardul Thakur has been replaced by Umesh Yadav in the ODI squad for the first two matches after his stellar show with the red-ball in the second Test, where he became the third Indian pacer to take a ten-wicket haul on home soil. Meanwhile, India have opted for three spinners in Ravindra Jadeja, Yuzvendra Chahal and Kuldeep Yadav. With no Hardik Pandya and Kedar Jadhav, Jadeja is likely to take the all-rounder's position in the side.
Indian cricket team stands tall & strong; Does Australia owe an apology? | India Upfront
Indian Cricket Tea's stunning reply to humiliation, racism, and radicalism | The Newshour Debate
Team India dominates world cricket again; Australians taste defeat? | Blueprint Explosive Exclusive
Bumrah unable to play due to abdominal strain; team India stares at a crisis


Dear Angelina: Thoughts on "Cleopatra"
A letter to Angelina Jolie about the casting of her upcoming take on "Cleopatra."
None of us is immune to movie publicity, unless we're lucky enough to see the picture well in advance of its theatrical release (perhaps at an early film festival screening) -- or stay away from publications, television, radio, the Internet and any form of communication with other people until we can see it. In the case of "Precious Based on the Novel Push by Sapphire," I reluctantly came to feel that I knew all-too-well what to expect: a grueling torture-fest of a movie that would culminate in an equally manipulative upbeat ending.
I put it off as long as I could. For months I tried not to read about it, but I knew it had won a bunch of awards at Sundance back in January, 2009, when it was called "Push." That, in itself, is enough to make me want to avoid it. The Sundance Film Festival is notorious for hailing a certain type of dilettantish formula movie -- the feel-bad/feel-good story of degradation and redemption, set in a colorful, semi-exotic subculture -- and the picture eventually known as "Precious Based on the Novel Push by Sapphire" sure seemed to fit the profile. There's nothing I hate more than a voyeuristic lesson-movie that goes slumming and then presents itself as an inspirational triumph of the spirit. By the time Oprah (Winfrey, that is -- promoter of bogus New Age twaddle like "The Secret") and Tyler Perry (maker of amateurish chitlin' circuit teleplays) signed on, with great fanfare, as "presenters" I was beginning to think (as I used to tell my newspaper editors about movies I was fairly or unfairly predisposed to despise) that nobody had enough money to pay me to see this thing.
TORONTO -- It was a hit last January at Sundance, and now the intensely emotional indie drama "Precious: Based on the Novel Push by Sapphire" is gathering more applause at the Toronto film festival. Here to support it are two of the biggest names in media, Oprah Winfrey and Tyler Perry. Both actually signed on as executive producers after seeing the completed film.
May 15, 2009--The most gutsy, powerful film I've seen here so far is without doubt "Precious" by African-American director Lee Daniels. "Precious" already had its world premiere at Sundance in February, where it was greatly acclaimed by audiences and critics alike. If the comments I've heard today are any indication, it promises to be an even bigger success in Cannes.
Based on the novel Push, by Sapphire, "Precious" is the story of a Harlem teenager who is severely abused by her mother, habitually raped and twice impregnated by her father, and treated like garbage by just about everyone in her life. The one thing Precious's abusers don't succeed in killing is her imagination, and for instance, while being raped, in her mind's eye she sees herself making a grand entrance at a film premiere. The pictures in her photo album talk to her, and this large, awkward girl looks in the mirror and sees a beauty queen with cascading blonde hair. This is not a preachy film, but one that grabs you from beginning to end as Precious comes back from the edge of desolation to discover the immovable force of her own willpower.
After seeing "Precious" last night at an invitational press screening, this afternoon I attended the press roundtable interview event with director Lee Daniels, screenwriter Damien Paul, and actors Gabourey Sidibe, Mariah Carrey, Lenny Kravitz, and Paula Patton. It was held at the outdoor restaurant Beach VitaminWater, which I can't say without laughing. Typical of these events, a lavish lunch is served, and the talent is brought in.


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Catholic Rites and Churches
Christ, having been lifted up from the earth has drawn all men to Himself. Rising from the dead He sent His life–giving Spirit upon His disciples and through Him has established His Body which is the Church as the universal sacrament of salvation. Sitting at the right hand of the Father, He is continually active in the world that He might lead men to the Church and through it join them to Himself and that He might make them partakers of His glorious life by nourishing them with His own Body and Blood. [Vatican Council II, Dogmatic Constitution on the Church Lumen gentium 48]
A Rite represents an ecclesiastical, or church, tradition about how the sacraments are to be celebrated. Each of the sacraments has at its core an essential nature which must be satisfied for the sacrament to be confected or realized. This essence – of matter, form and intention – derives from the divinely revealed nature of the particular sacrament. It cannot be changed by the Church. Scripture and Sacred Tradition, as interpreted by the Magisterium, tells us what is essential in each of the sacraments (2 Thes. 2:15).
When the apostles brought the Gospel to the major cultural centers of their day the essential elements of religious practice were inculturated into those cultures. This means that the essential elements were clothed in the symbols and trappings of the particular people, so that the rituals conveyed the desired spiritual meaning to that culture. In this way the Church becomes all things to all men that some might be saved (1 Cor. 9:22).
There are three major groupings of Rites based on this initial transmission of the faith, the Roman, the Antiochian (Syria) and the Alexandrian (Egypt). Later on the Byzantine derived as a major Rite from the Antiochian, under the influence of St. Basil and St. John Chrysostom. From these four derive the over 20 liturgical Rites present in the Church today.
A Church is an assembly of the faithful, hierarchically ordered, both in the entire world – the Catholic Church, or in a certain territory – a particular Church. To be a sacrament (a sign) of the Mystical Body of Christ in the world, a Church must have both a head and members (Col. 1:18). The sacramental sign of Christ the Head is the sacred hierarchy – the bishops, priests and deacons (Eph. 2:19–22). More specifically, it is the local bishop, with his priests and deacons gathered around and assisting him in his office of teaching, sanctifying and governing (Mt. 28:19–20; Titus 1:4–9). The sacramental sign of the Mystical Body is the Christian faithful. Thus the Church of Christ is fully present sacramentally (by way of a sign) wherever there is a sign of Christ the Head, a bishop and those who assist him, and a sign of Christ's Body, Christian faithful. Each diocese is therefore a particular Church.
The Church of Christ is also present sacramentally in ritual Churches that represent an ecclesiastical tradition of celebrating the sacraments. They are generally organized under a Patriarch, who together with the bishops and other clergy of that ritual Church represent Christ the Head to the people of that tradition. In some cases a Rite is completely coincident with a Church. For example, the Maronite Church with its Patriarch has a Rite not found in any other Church. In other cases, such as the Byzantine Rite, several Churches use the same or a very similar liturgical Rite. For example, the Ukrainian Catholic Church uses the Byzantine Rite, but this Rite is also found in other Catholic Churches, as well as the Eastern Orthodox Churches not in union with Rome.
Finally, the Church of Christ is sacramentally present in the Universal or Catholic Church spread over the entire world. It is identified by the sign of Christ our Rock, the Bishop of Rome, Successor of St. Peter (Mt. 16:18). To be Catholic particular Churches and ritual Churches must be in communion with this Head, just as the other apostles, and the Churches they founded, were in communion with Peter (Gal. 1:18). Through this communion with Peter and his successors the Church becomes a universal sacrament of salvation in all times and places, even to the end of the age (Mt. 28:20).
Western Rites and Churches
Immediately subject to the Bishop of Rome, the Supreme Pontiff, who exercises his authority over the liturgy through the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments.
ROMAN/LATIN FAMILY OF LITURGICAL RITES
The Church of Rome is the Primatial See of the world and one of the five Patriarchal Sees of the early Church (Rome, Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch and Jerusalem). Founded by St. Peter in 42 AD it was consecrated by the blood of Sts. Peter and Paul during the persecution of Nero (63–67 AD). It has maintained a continual existence since then and is the source of a family of Rites in the West. Considerable scholarship (such as that of Fr. Louis Boyer in Eucharist) suggests the close affinity of the Roman Rite proper with the Jewish prayers of the synagogue, which also accompanied the Temple sacrifices. While the origin of the current Rite, even in the reform of Vatican II, can be traced directly only to the 4th century, these connections point to an ancient apostolic tradition brought to that city that was decidedly Jewish in origin.
After the Council of Trent it was necessary to consolidate liturgical doctrine and practice in the face of the Reformation. Thus, Pope St. Pius V imposed the Rite of Rome on the Latin Church (that subject to him in his capacity as Patriarch of the West), allowing only smaller Western Rites with hundreds of years of history to remain. Younger Rites of particular dioceses or regions ceased to exist.
As a consequence of the Second Vatican Council's Dogmatic Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy, Pope Paul VI undertook a reform of the Mass of the Roman Rite, promulgating a revised rite with the Missal of 1970. This Missal has since been modified twice (1975 and 2002). Mass celebrated in accordance with this missal is the Ordinary Form of the Roman Rite.
At the time of the revised Missal's promulgation in 1970 almost all Catholics assumed that the previous rite, that of the Missal of 1962, had been abolished. By decision of the Supreme Pontiff Benedict XVI this general assumption has been declared false and the right of Latin Rite priests to celebrate Mass according to the former missal has been affirmed (Apostolic Letter Summorum Pontificum, 7 July 2007). Mass celebrated in accordance with the Missal of 1962 constitutes the Extraordinary Form of the Roman Rite.
• Roman – The overwhelming majority of Latin Catholics and of Catholics in general.
– Ordinary Form of the Roman Rite. Mass celebrated in accordance with the Missale Romanum of 1970, promulgated by Pope Paul VI, currently in its third edition (2002). The vernacular editions of this Missal, as well as the rites of the other sacraments, are translated from the Latin typical editions revised after the Second Vatican Council.
– Extraordinary Form of the Roman Rite. Mass celebrated in accordance with the Missale Romanum of 1962, promulgated by Blessed Pope John XXIII. The other sacraments are celebrated according to the Roman Ritual in force at the time of the Second Vatican Council. The Extraordinary Form is most notable for being almost entirely in Latin. In addition to institutes which have the faculty to celebrate the Extraordinary Form routinely, such as the Priestly Fraternity of St. Peter and the Institute of Christ the King Sovereign Priest, any Latin Rite priest may now offer the Mass and other sacraments in accordance with norms of Summorum Pontificum.
– Anglican Use. Since the 1980s the Holy See has granted some former Anglican and Episcopal clergy converting with their parishes the faculty of celebrating the sacramental rites according to Anglican forms, doctrinally corrected.
• Mozarabic – The Rite of the Iberian peninsula (Spain and Portugal) known from at least the 6th century, but probably with roots to the original evangelization. Beginning in the 11th century it was generally replaced by the Roman Rite, although it has remained the Rite of the Cathedral of the Archdiocese of Toledo, Spain, and six parishes which sought permission to adhere to it. Its celebration today is generally semi–private.
• Ambrosian – The Rite of the Archdiocese of Milan, Italy, thought to be of early origin and probably consolidated, but not originated, by St. Ambrose. Pope Paul VI was from this Roman Rite. It continues to be celebrated in Milan, though not by all parishes.
• Bragan – Rite of the Archdiocese of Braga, the Primatial See of Portugal, it derives from the 12th century or earlier. It continues to be of occasional use.
• Dominican – Rite of the Order of Friars Preacher (OP), founded by St. Dominic in 1215.
• Carmelite – Rite of the Order of Carmel, whose modern foundation was by St. Berthold c.1154.
• Carthusian – Rite of the Carthusian Order founded by St. Bruno in 1084.
Eastern Rites and Churches
The Eastern Catholic Churches have their own hierarchy, system of governance (synods) and general law, the Code of Canons for the Eastern Churches. The Supreme Pontiff exercises his primacy over them through the Congregation for the Eastern Churches.
ANTIOCHIAN FAMILY OF LITURGICAL RITES
The Church of Antioch in Syria (the ancient Roman Province of Syria) is considered an apostolic See by virtue of having been founded by St. Peter. It was one of the ancient centers of the Church, as the New Testament attests, and is the source of a family of similar Rites using the ancient Syriac language (the Semitic dialect used in Jesus' time and better known as Aramaic). Its Liturgy is attributed to St. James and the Church of Jerusalem.
1. WEST SYRIAC
• Maronite – Never separated from Rome. Maronite Patriarch of Antioch. The liturgical language is Aramaic. The 3 million Maronites are found in Lebanon (origin), Cyprus, Egypt, Syria, Israel, Canada, US, Mexico, Brazil, Argentina and Australia.
• Syriac – Syriac Catholics who returned to Rome in 1781 from the monophysite heresy. Syriac Patriarch of Antioch. The 110,000 Syriac Catholics are found in Syria, Lebanon, Iraq, Egypt, Canada and the US.
• Malankarese – Catholics from the South of India evangelized by St. Thomas, uses the West Syriac liturgy. Reunited with Rome in 1930. Liturgical languages today are West Syriac and Malayalam. The 350,000 Malankarese Catholics are found in India and North America.
2. EAST SYRIAC
• Chaldean – Babylonian Catholics returned to Rome in 1692 from the Nestorian heresy. Patriarch of Babylon of the Chaldeans. Liturgical languages are Syriac and Arabic. The 310,000 Chaldean Catholics are found in Iraq, Iran, Syria, Lebanon, Egypt, Turkey and the US.
• Syro–Malabarese – Catholics from Southern India using the East Syriac liturgy. Returned to Rome in the 16th century from the Nestorian heresy. Liturgical languages are Syriac and Malayalam. Over 3 million Syro–Malabarese Catholics can be found in the state of Kerela, in SW India.
BYZANTINE FAMILY OF LITURGICAL RITES
The Church of Constantinople became the political and religious center of the eastern Roman Empire after the Emperor Constantine built a new capital there (324–330) on the site of the ancient town of Byzantium. Constantinople developed its own liturgical rite from the Liturgy of St. James, in one form as modified by St. Basil, and in a more commonly used form, as modified by St. John Chrysostom. After 1054, except for brief periods of reunion, most Byzantine Christians have not been in communion with Rome. They make up the Orthodox Churches of the East, whose titular head is the Patriarch of Constantinople. The Orthodox Churches are mostly autocephalous, meaning self–headed, united to each other by communion with Constantinople, which exercises no real authority over them. They are typically divided into Churches along nation lines. Those that have returned to communion with the Holy See are represented among the Eastern Churches and Rites of the Catholic Church.
1. ARMENIAN
Considered either its own Rite or an older version of the Byzantine. Its exact form is not used by any other Byzantine Rite. It is composed of Catholics from the first people to convert as a nation, the Armenians (N.E. of Turkey), and who returned to Rome at the time of the Crusades. Patriarch of Cilicia of the Armenians. The liturgical language is classical Armenian. The 350,000 Armenian Catholics are found in Armenia, Syria, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Turkey, Egypt, Greece, Ukraine, France, Romania, United States and Argentina. Most Armenians are Orthodox, not in union with Rome.
2. BYZANTINE
• Albanian – Albanian Christians, numbering only 1400 today, who resumed communion with Rome in 1628. Liturgical language is Albanian. Most Albanian Christians are Albanian Orthodox.
• Belarussian/Byelorussian – Unknown number of Belarussians who returned to Rome in the 17th century. The liturgical language is Old Slavonic. The faithful can be found in Belarus, as well as Europe, the Americas and Australia.
• Bulgarian – Bulgarians who returned to Rome in 1861. Liturgical language is Old Slavonic. The 20,000 faithful can be found in Bulgaria. Most Bulgarian Christians are Bulgarian Orthodox.
• Czech – Czech Catholics of Byzantine Rite organized into a jurisdiction in 1996.
• Krizevci – Croatian Catholics of Byzantine Rite who resumed communion with Rome in 1611. The liturgical language is Old Slavonic. The 50,000 faithful can be found in Croatia and the Americas. Most Croatians are Roman (Rite) Catholics.
• Greek – Greek Christians who returned to Rome in 1829. The liturgical language is Greek. Only 2500 faithful in Greece, Asia Minor (Turkey) and Europe. Greek Christians are almost all Orthodox, whose Patriarch is the Orthodox Patriarch of Constantinople.
• Hungarian – Descendants of Ruthenians who returned to Rome in 1646. The liturgical languages are Greek, Hungarian and English. The 300,000 faithful are found in Hungary, Europe and the Americas.
• Italo–Albanian – Never separated from Rome, these 60,000 Byzantine Rite Catholics are found in Italy, Sicily, Malta (added by this Blog) and the Americas. The liturgical languages are Greek and Italo–Albanian.
• Melkite – Catholics from among those separated from Rome in Syria and Egypt who resumed Communion with Rome at the time of the Crusades. However, definitive union only came in the 18th century. Melkite Greek Patriarch of Damascus. Liturgical languages are Greek, Arabic, English, Portuguese and Spanish. The over 1 million Melkite Catholics can be found in Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel, Canada, US, Mexico, Brazil, Venezuela, Argentina and Australia.
• Romanian – Romanians who returned to Rome in 1697. The liturgical language is Romanian. There are over 1 million Romanian Catholics in Romania, Europe and the Americas. Most Romanian Christians are Romanian Orthodox.
• Russian – Russians who returned to communion with Rome in 1905. The liturgical language is Old Slavonic. An unknown number of the faithful in Russia, China, the Americas and Australia. Most Russian Christians are Russian Orthodox, whose Patriarch is the Orthodox Patriarch of Moscow.
• Ruthenian – Catholics from among those separated from Rome in Russia, Hungary and Croatia who reunited with Rome in 1596 (Brest–Litovsk) and 1646 (Uzhorod).
• Slovak – Byzantine Rite Catholics of Slovakian origin numbering 225,000 and found in Slovakia and Canada.
• Ukrainian – Catholics from among those separated from Rome by the Greek Schism and reunited about 1595. Patriarch or Metropolitan of Lviv. Liturgical languages are Old Slavonic and the vernacular. The 5.5 million Ukrainian Catholics can be found in Ukraine, Poland, England, Germany, France, Canada, US, Brazil, Argentina and Australia. During the Soviet era Ukrainian Catholics were violently forced to join the Ukrainian Orthodox Church. Their hierarchy, which continued to exist outside the homeland, has since been re–established in Ukraine.
ALEXANDRIAN FAMILY OF LITURGICAL RITES
The Church of Alexandria in Egypt was one of the original centers of Christianity, since like Rome and Antioch it had a large Jewish population which was the initial object of apostolic evangelization. Its Liturgy is attributed to St. Mark the Evangelist, and shows the later influence of the Byzantine Liturgy, in addition to its unique elements.
• Coptic – Egyptian Catholics who returned to communion with Rome in 1741. The Patriarch of Alexandria leads the 200,000 faithful of this ritual Church spread throughout Egypt and the Near East. The liturgical languages are Coptic (Egyptian) and Arabic. Most Copts are not Catholics.
• Ethiopian/Abyssinian – Ethiopian Coptic Christians who returned to Rome in 1846. The liturgical language is Geez. The 200,000 faithful are found in Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia, and Jerusalem.
Colin B. Donovan, STL (originally published on EWTN website)
on August 22, 2019 1 comment:
Labels: Alexandrian, Antiochian, Benedict XVI, Byzantine, Council of Trent, Jerusalem, John XXIII, Lumen Gentium, Magisterium, Paul VI, St. Basil, St. John Chrysostom, St. Mark, St. Peter, St. Pius V, St. Thomas, Vatican II
Addition to Open letter to the diocesan Bishops and Auxiliary Bishops of the Roman Catholic Church
The author of this letter, Mr. Oostveen (first from left) in a FIUV activity some years ago.
The stakes are too high to simply ignore this fact; a proposed solution
This letter has been sent by e-mail to about 3100 Bishops (Diocesan and Auxiliary)
2 February, 2019 -- Presentation of the Lord - Purification of the Blessed Virgin Mary
For the good of the Holy Catholic Church, I respectfully ask once more a little of your valuable time to consider the following, and with an earnest request to present this to the Holy Father and to the President of your Bishop's Conference.
I refer to my mail of last month [http://www.ecclesiadei.nl/docs/open_letter.html] which identified for you the source of the "confusion, bitterness in human relations and fratricidal wars" that is evident in the Church since the Second Vatican Council. As befits a good engineer, after presenting you with the results of the problem analysis and its root cause, I now present to you a solution for the problem. Because the problem started due to the lack of "a gracious collaboration concerning the inspiration of the Holy Spirit" and continued with the introduction of the vague "spirit of the Council" in place of the clear hermeneutic rule set by Pope John XXIII, this problem is in essence of a supernatural origin. It therefore needs a supernatural solution, which expresses the unity between begging for mercy, a true confession of Faith and doing penance. The stakes are too high to simply ignore this fact.
My proposed solution is threefold:
First: The Church must in a gracious and humble manner, publicly request Mercy from the Holy Spirit This needs to be done by taking into account that the lack of "a gracious collaboration concerning the inspiration of the Holy Spirit" and its consequent "confusion, bitterness in human relations and fratricidal wars", has penetrated so deeply into the Church that it has left virtually no one unaffected.
Second: A public confession of Faith shall be made by all the Clergy and Hierarchy. This can follow the model of an extended Creed, like that of Pope Paul VI (Motu Proprio Solemnia Hac Liturgia, June 1968). In accordance with the Council opening address of Pope John XXIII, this creed should explain the full Doctrine "pure and integral", "without attenuations or distortion" and in an understandable way without any ambiguity. This is essential, because the Church should "never depart the sacred patrimony of truth received from the Father", and above all, it should always act "in unity and in accordance with the Doctrine taught by the Fathers" [Ref. 1], [Ref. 2].
Third: The Church must publicly do penance. This is fundamentally necessary due to the lack of "a gracious collaboration concerning the inspiration of the Holy Spirit" by the majority of Council Fathers, and because so many Bishops, priests and religious had and have rejected the hermeneutic as set by Pope John XXIII. Such penance could be done by obliging all priests to celebrate individually – not as concelebrants - a number of Holy Masses that shall include the reading (in whole or in parts) of the extended Creed as a homily. The intentions of those masses shall be for all victims of that lack of gracious collaboration, over the last five decades both inside and outside the Church, for the healing of the wounds caused, for the conversion of all those who are still attached to that revolutionary spirit, and for the repose of the souls of those who have already died. [Ref. 3 ].
With my heartfelt gratitude for your kind and generous consideration, I offer you the assurance of my filial support and prayers, I hope for a speedy reply, and I humbly ask for the grace of your blessing.
Faithfully in Christo
The lack of gracious collaboration and the rejection of the hermeneutic as defined by Pope John XXIII has been initiated by those who were attached to the New Theology that in its turn was strongly influenced by modern ideologies. Here, among other points, this Creed should include a clear explanation why, in the light of the Truth, all ideologies of the modern times are principally false. This is especially so regarding the subject of unrestricted evolutionism that implicitly denies the Truth of original sin.
Given the subject of the upcoming meeting of the presidents of the Bishops' Conferences in the Vatican, sexual abuse by clergy is necessarily very topical. To this end, and especially because of the influence of silencing and implicit denial of original sin, this Creed should unequivocally include the Doctrine of the Church on sexuality:
Procreation must be stated (reiterated) as the first goal of sexuality.
Homosexual activity must be acknowledged as and considered to be the main source of sexual abuse by clergy, but indeed not the only one. This can be clearly deduced from the statistics of the situation, where about 80% (USA) and 85% (the Netherlands) of the victims of sexual abuse by the clergy are male. Like all other disordered forms of sexuality, homosexuality exists due to original sin and our consequent fallen nature. Homosexual activity is therefore objectively a sin against the natural order, and as such one of the sources of sexual abuse. Though the abuse of priestly power in general is a grave sin, and creating victims of sexual abuse by that power is even a very grave sin, yet it has to be distinguished from the sexual abuse itself. The abuse of power over their victims, as well as the covering-up of sexual abuse by clergy, would not exist here without the evident lack of self-control due to a weakness of will, and the loss of discipline over their sexual feelings by the abusers. Therefore, the sexual abuse by members of the clergy must be considered as a matter of very grave sinfulness generally, precisely because it is also a violence against the vows they solemnly made to God at ordination.
However, because, sexual abuse outside the Church is considerably more prevalent than that by the clergy, the very large numbers of those victims cannot count on any mea culpa' by the worldly abusers. On the contrary, what can these victims expect from ideologist physicians, psychologists, politicians, jurists, public media and so on. They are the same people whom have strived for so many decades towards political acceptance and legalisation in favour of all kinds of disordered forms of sexuality, as if these would be normal forms of sexual behaviour. This makes the responsibility of the Church, not only towards the victims of the sexual abuse by clergy, but to all victims inside and outside the Church, all the more important and necessary.
A responsibility not only for explaining the full Doctrine on sexuality "pure and integral", "without attenuations or distortion", in an understandable way without any ambiguity, but also for restoring and maintaining the unity between Doctrine and discipline.
The rationale for proposing that "all priests shall celebrate individually – not as concelebrants - a number of Holy Masses", is because only in this way one can be sure that all priests will be confronted individually with the text of the Creed as a penitential act.
One of the Holy Masses offered should focus on the part of the Creed that explains the full Doctrine on sexuality. The intention shall be for healing the wounds of all victims of sexual abuse, both inside and outside the Church, as well as for true repentance and conversion of the abusers, and all who covered up or made the abuses possible.
Labels: Bishop, Council Fathers, Faith, FIUV, Francis, Holy Mass, Holy Spirit, homosexuality, Jack Oostveen, John XXIII, Motu Proprio, Paul VI, Roman Catholic Church, Second Vatican Council, Solemnia Hac Liturgia


text:
U.S., E.U. WTO Complaint Against China Leaves Out Green Tech Essential Rare-Earth Elements
Last Wednesday, November 4, the European Union, the United States and Mexico filed a complaint with the World Trade Organization (WTO) against China for its quotas, export duties and minimum export prices for raw materials essential to the manufacture of steel and aluminum. Noticeably absent from the complaint though, is any mention of China's restriction on rare-earth elements.
Rare Earth - Much More than a Band from the 70s.
The raw materials at issue in the WTO complaint, while important to key manufacturing industries in the US and the EU, in many ways represent the economy of old. Rare-earth elements, which China also heavily restricts export of, represent the economy of tomorrow; many of these rare-earth elements are indispensable for a greener, more environmentally-friendly world. The magnetic properties of rare-earth elements like dysprosium and terbium are important for wind turbines and essential for the production of long-lasting, light-weight batteries for electric cars.
China, and its rare-earth enriched Inner Mongolia, account for 93% of the global production of rare-earth elements and 99% of the world's dysprosium and terbium. While countries have sought to expand green technologies, thus increasing the demand for rare-earth elements, China has continued to restrict the amount exports of rare-earth materials. This past September, China, for the third year in a row, lowered the amount of rare-earth materials allowed for export by 6% overall, double-digits though for certain rare-earth materials .
China wants not just the monopoly on the production of rare-earth materials, but also on the more profitable business of producing down-stream products like electrical cars and wind turbines. Japan, which is the largest importer of rare-earth materials because of Toyota and Honda's drive to expand the market for hybrid and electric cars, feels the biggest pinch of all. In fact, Japan purchases from a fifth to a quarter of its rare-earth materials on the black market, a black market where Chinese sellers thwart their own government's restrictions.
In addition to its own domestic production, China, with its large foreign reserves to spend, has attempted to be a controlling share holder in other countries' rare-earth industries. Last spring, Chinese government-controlled mining companies purchased a 25% share of Australian rare-earth mining company Arafura. China's offer to purchase 51% of another Australian rare-earth mining company, Lynas, was likely going to be denied by the Australian government because of the Chinese government's mishandling of the Rio Tinto case and the detainment of Australian citizen. The Chinese mining company pulled out of the deal before it could be denied by the Australian government.
After China's CNOOC's failed bid to purchase California oil company Unocal in 2005, CNOOC made overtures to purchase a single asset of Unocal's: Mountain Pass, the U.S.' only rare-earth mine.
Thus, the future of some green technology is beholden to China. But Japan, instead of investing in China's rare-earth elements industry, is looking to invest elsewhere – likely because of the danger in investing in a country with a fickle commitment to rule of law. Japan has signed a deal with one of Kazakhstan's largest mining companies for rare-earth excavation and is looking to Australia, Canada, Vietnam and the U.S. as alternate suppliers. However, it will take at least 10 years before any of these new mines will produce rare-earth materials. Until then, anticipate delayed development of green technologies and hopefully a WTO complaint.
Trade |	 China-Japan trade, Chinese mining, electric cars, green technology, rare earth elements, U.S.-China trade, wind turbine, WTO
One Response to "U.S., E.U. WTO Complaint Against China Leaves Out Green Tech Essential Rare-Earth Elements"
Julia Z says:
Many WTO members impose restrictions on the exportation of limited natural resources. But China is always an easy target given its role in international trade. It would be interesting to see whether this complaint would rekindle the suspected trade war between China and the US, right before President Obama's first visit to BJ.
← What to Expect from President Obama's Visit to China – A Primer
The U.S.' Willy-Nilly Legal Development Policy in China – Times Are A Changin'? →


In 1950, Mr.Zantun started a small family style confectionary factory. His focus was to produce tasty snacks and cereal using all natural products for kids of all ages. As time went by, his son, Victor joined the force with the mission of delivering these products worldwide, do kids from all around the world can enjoy. Today, we continue to carry on the legacy of Zantun and his son by bringing to you good tasting and healthy snack and cereal.
Gluten Free, Low Sugar and Least Processed Cereal made with whole organic Jasmine rice grain available in both USDA Organic and EU Organic.
Our Next to Nature by ZVOF Premium Organic Raw Brown Sugar is the closest thing anyone can get to sugar cane. We employ the least processed method to produce this all natural sweetness. Unlike most conventional cane sugar where sugar cane are first burnt before going through an array of processes, our sugar cane are just boiled.
Ricelicious Organic Brown Rice Chip comes with 2 flavor, original for scope and spicy chile. With no sugar added and low sodium which make it's a great snck ever.
Why Organic Jasmine Rice Puff is good for the little one? Organic goodness, our Organic Jasmine Rice Grain is grown without synthetic pesticides, without genetic engineering(NON-GMOs) and without chemical fertilizers. No artifical flavor and color added. Unsalted. Made with whole grain Jasmine Rice. Perfect first snack, each bite is easily melt in little one's mouth. Plus the fun shape is just right for little one's fingers to pick up.


text:
Holotrichia angulicalcarata är en skalbaggsart som beskrevs av Takashi Itoh 2003. Holotrichia angulicalcarata ingår i släktet Holotrichia och familjen Melolonthidae. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Skalbaggar
angulicalcarata

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: No submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path and missing .gitmodules file When I run git submodule init, I get the following error:

No submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path 'xxx'

I searched for a .gitmodules file and I cannot find it anywhere.
I have read this most popular SO question on the same topic.
But unfortunately, I cannot solve the problem. Especially given that I no longer have .gitmodules.
According to my GitHub private repo, I still have submodules for my repository. Just that I cannot find the .gitmodules file anywhere.

A: just got over the same issue yesterday, after having deleted by hand the entry in .gitmodules (e.g. nano .gitmodules), I had to go with
git rm --cached <pathtomodule>

which returned a message
rm '<pathtomodule>'

then I needed a
git commit -m "delete cached modules"

and validated the submodule deletion.

A: In addition to the above I also had to remove .gitmodules.

A: *

*Make sure that there are no submodule sections in .git/config. If there are, remove them.

*Do git rm --cached <path_to_submodule>.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
#include "gm.h"
#include "SkBitmap.h"
#include "SkPath.h"
#include "SkPathOps.h"
#include "SkRect.h"

namespace skiagm {

class PathOpsInverseGM : public GM {
public:
    PathOpsInverseGM() {
    }

protected:
    virtual void onOnceBeforeDraw() SK_OVERRIDE {
        const unsigned oneColor = 0xFF8080FF;
        const unsigned twoColor = 0x807F1f1f;
        SkColor blendColor = blend(oneColor, twoColor);
        makePaint(&fOnePaint, oneColor);
        makePaint(&fTwoPaint, twoColor);
        makePaint(&fOpPaint[kDifference_PathOp], oneColor);
        makePaint(&fOpPaint[kIntersect_PathOp], blendColor);
        makePaint(&fOpPaint[kUnion_PathOp], 0xFFc0FFc0);
        makePaint(&fOpPaint[kReverseDifference_PathOp], twoColor);
        makePaint(&fOpPaint[kXOR_PathOp], 0xFFa0FFe0);
        makePaint(&fOutlinePaint, 0xFF000000);
        fOutlinePaint.setStyle(SkPaint::kStroke_Style);
    }

    SkColor blend(SkColor one, SkColor two) {
        SkBitmap temp;
        temp.allocN32Pixels(1, 1);
        SkCanvas canvas(temp);
        canvas.drawColor(one);
        canvas.drawColor(two);
        void* pixels = temp.getPixels();
        return *(SkColor*) pixels;
    }

    void makePaint(SkPaint* paint, SkColor color) {
        paint->setAntiAlias(true);
        paint->setStyle(SkPaint::kFill_Style);
        paint->setColor(color);
    }

    virtual uint32_t onGetFlags() const SK_OVERRIDE {
        return kSkipTiled_Flag;  // Only for 565.  8888 is fine.
    }

    virtual SkString onShortName() SK_OVERRIDE {
        return SkString("pathopsinverse");
    }

    virtual SkISize onISize() SK_OVERRIDE {
        return SkISize::Make(1200, 900);
    }

    virtual void onDraw(SkCanvas* canvas) SK_OVERRIDE {
        SkPath one, two;
        int yPos = 0;
        for (int oneFill = 0; oneFill <= 1; ++oneFill) {
            SkPath::FillType oneF = oneFill ? SkPath::kInverseEvenOdd_FillType
                    : SkPath::kEvenOdd_FillType;
            for (int twoFill = 0; twoFill <= 1; ++twoFill) {
                SkPath::FillType twoF = twoFill ? SkPath::kInverseEvenOdd_FillType
                        : SkPath::kEvenOdd_FillType;
                one.reset();
                one.setFillType(oneF);
                one.addRect(10, 10, 70, 70);
                two.reset();
                two.setFillType(twoF);
                two.addRect(40, 40, 100, 100);
                canvas->save();
                canvas->translate(0, SkIntToScalar(yPos));
                canvas->clipRect(SkRect::MakeWH(110, 110), SkRegion::kIntersect_Op, true);
                canvas->drawPath(one, fOnePaint);
                canvas->drawPath(one, fOutlinePaint);
                canvas->drawPath(two, fTwoPaint);
                canvas->drawPath(two, fOutlinePaint);
                canvas->restore();
                int xPos = 150;
                for (int op = kDifference_PathOp; op <= kReverseDifference_PathOp; ++op) {
                    SkPath result;
                    Op(one, two, (SkPathOp) op, &result);
                    canvas->save();
                    canvas->translate(SkIntToScalar(xPos), SkIntToScalar(yPos));
                    canvas->clipRect(SkRect::MakeWH(110, 110), SkRegion::kIntersect_Op, true);
                    canvas->drawPath(result, fOpPaint[op]);
                    canvas->drawPath(result, fOutlinePaint);
                    canvas->restore();
                    xPos += 150;
                }
                yPos += 150;
            }
        }
    }

private:
    SkPaint fOnePaint;
    SkPaint fTwoPaint;
    SkPaint fOutlinePaint;
    SkPaint fOpPaint[kReverseDifference_PathOp - kDifference_PathOp + 1];
    typedef GM INHERITED;
};

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

static GM* MyFactory(void*) { return new PathOpsInverseGM; }
static GMRegistry reg(MyFactory);

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


(Solved) The membrane that is like a spider web is called ________.
The membrane that is like a spider web is called ________.
Solved The eardrum is also called the ________ membrane.
Solved In a serous membrane, the membrane layer that lines cavities is called ________.
In a serous membrane, the membrane layer that wraps around individual organs is called ________.


text:
HomeChristian Interviews
Christians Should be Vocal and Audacious about the Gospel - Justin Tochukwu, CEO Kedrus Consulting
Since launching Kedrus TV in December, 2021, Kedrus TV recorded over 7000 registered users. In this exclusive interview with Mr. Justin Tochukwu, he shares a background story about KedrusTV and how it was birthed. Mr Justin Tochukwu is the Lead Strategist at Kedrus Consulting and is currently taking Brand Management with the London Business School. He uses data analytics and technology to help brands attain visibility, profitability and sustainability.
New Man: Can we meet you?
Guest: Justin Tochukwu is a Brand and Business consultant with over ten years of experience in Branding, Strategy and Digital transformation. I am a member of the International Institute of Business Analysis (IIBA) and a Fellow in the Institute of Management Consultant (FIMC). I am also a Certified Management Consultant (CMC) and was part of the elite team of brand experts that rebranded NairaBet, Nigerian's first sport betting company, with over 40 million users. I also engaged and led the nationwide digital implementation of Scripture Union daily guide devotionals into mobile apps across Android and IOS platforms to reach more than 6 million members. I implemented the Strategic branding and market positioning for FRIMA a Malaysian conglomerate with a vision to penetrate the African market. As a graduate of computer science, and a Cisco certified network associate I had my first cloud computing program in 2012 and recently rounded up a program in Digital Transformation from Darden Business school in partnership with Boston Consulting Group (BCG) and University of Virginia in USA.
New Man: Please, kindly share your salvation story
Guest: I was born into a Christian home. My late dad was a Christian, a Scripture Union member and so was my mum. I also grew up within an environment that made it easy for me to really see the values and see Christ in a different light. However, I gave my life to Christ on May 13th, 2013 and my life has grown since then. I received the baptism of the Holyghost in a meeting by Full Gospel Businessmen Fellowships.
New Man: How has your journey as a Christian and a Digital Professional been so far? How do you merge both together?
Guest: Right from time, I have been evangelistic in nature and I knew the area that God has called me to. One mountain that is critical to my call is the mountain of media. I love evangelism and the three mountains I'm keen on is Family, Business/Economy and Media. I use these to propagate the gospel. The journey has not been easy because of the fact that you get to certain spaces and they'd not want you to share your views and try to relegate your faith to the background but I've been the type that believes in being vocal about anything I trust in. As a Christian, I believe you should be vocal and audacious about your faith and this has been my main move for thriving in business. It has also been my standard to propagate the gospel. For example in our organisation, 30% of our revenue goes into the Gospel and even at that, we still pay our tithes, higher than normal (15% to be precise) as well as commit ourselves to the gospel and kingdom focused projects. It's not been easy but then I have been very vocal about my faith. Also, in our organization, it is a mantra that we employ those who are competent believers. It is a yardstick and we are unapologetic about that. There are other people in the industry who choose to be woke and politically correct about that but this is our stance and we do not lie on the fence. We declare holistically where our allegiance lie and believe in excellence of service while dealing business with other people as Christians.
Read: 6 Types of Nigerian Christians You Would find on a Bus
New Man: What inspired Kedrus TV? What does the name Kedrus mean?
Guest: The story of Kedrus is quite an amazing one. Before I got married to my wife, instead of calling ourselves honey, babe and all the normal names, I called her Blossom and she called me Cedar. In the Bible, Cedars had some critical, fantastic features, one of which is the fact that it can stay for up to 1200 years and beyond. They also survive in wild atmosphere and harsh environments. They grow about two-storey deep and seven-storey high. They are wired to stay long, have agility, endurance and strength in value. You hear of Cedar in Lebanon as a believer so, Kedrus is the Greek word for Cedar. That is how Kedrus came about. We believe that we will be firmly rooted to propagate and spread the gospel abroad. To back that up and show you what Cedar is and how Cedar really thrives, you can read scriptures in Ezekiel 17:22 and 24. That is exactly how the name Kedrus came about. Kedrus is a household name and conglomerate – We have Kedrus TV, Kedrus Real Estate, Kedrus Consulting and more to come. We are permeating different sectors of the economy and bringing light to it through our excellent services and spreading the gospel.
New Man: You recently announced that in one month of operations, Kedrus TV recorded over 7000 users. What striking impact and effect has this number had on the gospel?
Guest: The impact of the Kedrus TV launch on the gospel. Kedrus TV exists to edify the saints and spread the gospel so we have two sets of people who. The first users are believers who find Kedrus TV as an alternative to Netflix, Showmax and the likes and making it easy for them to access edifying movies, music, videos etc without a fear of any wrong scence that can dampen their spiritual lives. The second set of users are people who probably stumble on the app for entertainment purposes and in the course, it facilitates them giving their lives to Christ. The impact is all about the gospel and we are working to see that by the end of this year, we'd have at least one device in every Nigerian Christian homes with the Kedrus TV App.
Read: Top 5 Recommended Spiritual Apps for Believers
New Man: Considering other movie streaming applications, how do you think Kedrus TV can perform?
Guest: We are playing for the long term and so we perform efficiently based on our advantages. The first advantage is the fact that Kedrus TV is totally free. Also, although you do not need to sign in, creating an account will improve your experience on the platform. We are sure that we will fare well because we are working as a completely free alternative which is completely free.
New Man: Beyond Business and Charity, what is Kedrus TV for you as a believer?
Guest: Right now, we do not see Kedrus TV as a business but as a tool to propagating the gospel. Kedrus TV is solely a movement to revolutionalise the distribution of the gospel. So, I do not see it as charity or as a business. Instead, I see it as a tool to bring push the gospel of Christ forward and establish God's kingdom on earth. It is our little way of investing in what God is expecting us to do.
New Man: What new features should users expect in the future?
Guest: If you noticed, Kedrus TV is strictly a web app television and so you have to login to our website to access it. We are working on a Kedrus TV 2.0 that will be both a web TV, App (Android, IOs and Smart TV Versions). For other new features, we plan to integrate a Bibles and Devotionals like the Rhapsody of Realities and other devotionals. It's a box that encapsulates everything Gospel.
New Man: Comparing the times when televisions were tagged as the devil's box and now, what tangible changes do you think the Gospel movie industry has recorded?
Guest: The changes that have happened in the Gospel movies industry dating from when TV was tagged as the devil's box is the fact that there has been light. By light, I mean revelation and illumination in the different dimensions of God's love. This light has improved the kind of stories we tell and even the equipment through which we tell these stories. People who have this light have also come to the scene. For instance, Evangelist Mike Bamiloye has handed over to his son and He is doing a whole new level of awesome things. Light improves technology and a sound knowledge of the art has done so much good for the gospel movie industry. We expect this light from God to do so much more even as technology seeks to play a pivotal role in ensuring distribution for these movies just as we are doing through Kedrus TV.
Read: Kedrus TV Unveils Free Online Gospel Movie Streaming App
New Man: Are churches and ministries open to the Kedrus TV Model? How is Kedrus TV introduced to churches and how has been the reception so far?
Guest: Churches are accepting the Kedrus TV idea wholeheartedly. Some churches in Port-Harcourt have given us opportunities to pitch and talk about Kedrus TV in their Sunday services and we gained immediate views and engagement. They are also willing to back us up to the level we want to grow. The idea is to meet contemporary churches, sell the vision to them and allow them introduce the platform to their ministry, loved ones, family and friends. Churches have also been very receptive although we have not gone full blown with that marketing approach as we are working on a major upgrade with our maiden app.
New Man: Can users currently watch contents from this platform offline?
Guest: At the moment, viewers cannot watch offline. However, we trust that in the future, that will be a feature we can integrate. That is why we hope to partner with data and communication networks like MTN, Glo, Etisalat and the likes to ensure that everyone using the Kedrus TV app can access it for free. It is a massive investment but we are willing to do all that for the Gospel.
Get a Standard Website for your Church or Ministry here alert-info
New Man: What's in the future you see for Kedrus TV?
Guest: Kedrus TV is going to be very fascinating. It's going to be a home for everything Gospel. From movies to music to cartoons, animations, Bible, devotionals, Live Services of different churches, communities within the app where you can meet with like minds, having affairs, prayer networks that would guide you through counseling. It's going to be a home for everything gospel. You can actually give your life to Christ on the app. You will be followed up and put in a care group to see to your growth as a believer. We hope to look back and see the impact we have made towards spreading the gospel. So if you have given your life to Christ, kindly go and check out the app to become solid in your Christian journey and growth in God.
Nice interwiew...light definitely improves tech


text:
Mayer Brown partner Lori Lightfoot named a 2016 "Legal Legend" by the American Constitution Society for Law and Policy – Chicago Chapter
Mayer Brown partner Lori Lightfoot named a 2016 "Legal Legend" by the American Constitution...
Mayer Brown announced that Litigation & Dispute Resolution partner Lori Lightfoot has been selected as one of three 2016 "Legal Legends" by the Chicago Chapter of the American Constitution Society for Law and Policy. Honorees were selected for their extraordinary contributions to the Chicago legal community and their efforts to promote the vitality of the US Constitution and the fundamental values it expresses.
Ms. Lightfoot has served the city of Chicago in numerous key governmental roles, such as by most recently serving as the chair of the Chicago Police Accountability Task Force, and President of the Chicago Police Board and previously as the Chief Administrator at the Office of Professional Standards (OPS) of the Chicago Police Department (CPD) from 2002 to 2004. Ms. Lightfoot also served as an assistant US attorney in the Northern District of Illinois in the criminal division.
Ms. Lightfoot is a member of Mayer Brown's White Collar Defense & Compliance practice and a co-leader of the firm's Commercial Litigation group. She regularly advises clients on a range of complex criminal law issues stemming from federal, state or local grand jury investigations or investigations by federal, state or local inspectors general. These client engagements have included internal investigations, preparation of and defending witnesses in interviews with investigative bodies, and compliance with document subpoenas and litigation. She also has extensive experience in every facet of complex commercial litigation. Ms. Lightfoot serves as co-leader of Mayer Brown's Committee on Diversity & Inclusion. She also is a Fellow of the American Bar Foundation.
The American Constitution Society for Law and Policy is a legal organization that aims to create positive change by shaping debate on important legal and constitutional issues and by building networks of lawyers, law professionals and students.
Global Investigations & White Collar Defense


text:
The Eat with Care blog
Writing about humane farming issues by Caroline Abels, founder of Humaneitarian. Your comments and feedback welcome. (All replies are screened and posted, if thoughtful and respectful.)
When factory farmers rebel…
Craig Watts, on his North Carolina farm
Ah, we humans… we're fiercely loyal to our tribe — the people we work with, our local sports team, our family, our country… until we realize our tribe is engaging in offensive acts, and we fiercely disapprove, and we turn on our tribe and tell other tribes what's going on.
Regardless of what you think of Edward Snowden, he is the most high-profile example of a whistleblower lately. And now we have a farmer example: Craig Watts, who works for Perdue and who opened up his cramped North Carolina chicken house to cameras from the group Compassion in World Farming (CIWF). He was eager to show the type of farming that people support when they buy Perdue chicken — chicken that, until a recent legal settlement, had been labeled "humanely raised."
CIWF released the video last week, and let's just say that it provides humaneitarians with no better encouragement to choose better chicken. (No graphic footage here, so do watch.)
Of course, you might be asking: Why doesn't Craig Watts take steps to alleviate the suffering of his birds? The reality is, they're not "his" birds. He is bound by his contract with Perdue to raise the chickens exactly the way Perdue wants. He isn't allowed to open the doors of his chicken house to let in fresh air – it's not in the protocol. He isn't allowed to put in windows for sunlight – it's not in the protocol. If he wants to replace the litter in his chicken house more often, "the cost is on him," according to Leah Garces of CIWF (the activist in the video).
About the only thing Craig and other contract chicken farmers can control, Leah says, is the temperature of their chicken house — although she notes that while she was at Craig's, the fans were on full blast, yet the chickens were still panting. (Last week, after the video was released, Perdue commenced an animal welfare audit on Craig's farm.)
Carole Morison in "Food, Inc."
This isn't the first time a fed-up farmer has let a camera into their industrial chicken house. Remember the chicken farmer in the 2009 documentary "Food, Inc."? Carole Morison, who I interviewed a couple of years ago, also worked for Perdue when she decided "to say what I have to say." The footage of her chickens shocked millions of viewers, and the scenes inside her chicken house remain the most memorable ones in "Food, Inc."
Carole, whose contract was terminated by Perdue just before the documentary came out, is now a very happy farmer in Maryland, selling eggs from pasture raised chickens. In a blog post last week, she echoed what Leah Garces pointed out — that Craig Watts has been calling for change within his industry for a while. Carole writes:
Having known Craig for quite some time I'm not at all surprised at what he has done. He has been simmering like a pot of water on a stove for a long time. He's tried talking to Perdue representatives, he's shocked them with video before Compassion in World Farming came along, and most often was given a message in some shape or form of keep your mouth shut. It's nothing new and every contract chicken farmer knows it.
Christopher Leonard, a journalist who's written the go-to book about contract chicken farming in America, says on his blog that the broader issue is the lack of control that contract chicken farmers have over their flocks:
Farmers like Watts have little freedom in choosing how to raise their chickens, and they have no control over the kind of bird that is delivered to their farm. Chicken farmers live in perpetual fear that companies will cancel their contracts, so they rarely speak with reporters.
Chickens at Craig Watts' farm (from CIWF; click to enlarge)
When a mutual contact introduced Craig Watts and Leah Garces, it was not a given that they would eventually produce an exposé that would receive over a million views in the first week and be covered in the New York Times. In fact, Leah told me she was extremely on edge as she drove to Craig's farm for the first time, even though she knew he'd worked with Farm Aid and had spoken openly about Perdue raising practices before.
"Activists and [industrial] farmers are normally pitted against each other in the public sphere," Leah says. "We don't collaborate." But she knew she'd found a "kindred spirit" when she heard Craig refer to his chickens as he and she — not it. "He recognized that they were individuals."
Leah, who was in Washington, D.C. yesterday to speak with USDA officials about the allegations in the video, believes now that fed-up farmers and agricultural activists working together is the only way to change the chicken industry. "This is a dynamite combination that the industry cannot withstand," she says.
What about the rest of us, though? Besides purchasing pastured, free-range, organic, or humane certified chicken (to demonstrate to the industry that there is a demand for better chicken), what can we do to support farmers like Craig? I'm sure many of you agree with this comment posted on Wired.com on Dec. 8:
I wish there was a way to contact Craig…. I would tell him there are SO many on his side!!! He is so brave to stand up for what is right! Maybe he could start a 'go fund me' campaign to ditch perdue and start a free-range, grass-ranging chicken farm? Have no idea if he could get out of Perdue's contract. Good luck to him – we are all sending him positive thoughts & prayers. xx
You can post comments for Craig below (I'll pass them on to Leah) or on CIWF's Facebook and Twitter feeds. Even better, you can sign CIWF's supermarket petition and keep up with their Better Chicken Intiative, all by going to this page.
As for Craig, is he thinking of following in Carole Morison's footsteps and switching to a pasture-based farm? "I think that's for him to answer," Leah says. "We'll just have to see what happens next."
Humane farming
Being a humaneitarian
Shopping & eating tips
Action opportunities
Restaurants & eating out
Factory farms
You're humane to farmers, too…
What's the Amazon got to do with humanely raised meat?
Is this the year? Make the switch to humanely raised meat
Thank a humane farmer… here!


text:
Die Kultur der unteren Zaoshi-Schicht () war eine neolithische Kultur im mittleren Jangtsekiang-Gebiet in China. Sie wird auf eine Zeit von 7500 bis 7000 v. Chr. datiert.

Die namensgebende Zaoshi-Stätte (皂市遗址) liegt in der Großgemeinde Zaoshi 皂市镇 des Kreises Shimen in der Provinz Hunan.

Siehe auch
 Liste neolithischer Fundstätten in China
 Pengtoushan

Literatur
 Hunan sheng bowuguan 湖南省博物馆 (Provinzmuseum Hunan): "Hunan Shimen xian Zaoshi xiaceng Xinshiqi yicun" 湖南石门县皂市下层新石器遗存 (Die historischen Relikte aus der neolithischen Unteren Zaoshi-Schicht im Kreis Shimen, Hunan), Kaogu 1986(1).

Weblinks
 Several Major Achievements in Early Neolithic China, ca. 5000 BC (RTF; 86 kB)
 Lower Level Excavation of Zaoshi Neolithic Site, Shimen, Hunan
  – Chinesisch (Die Datang-Kultur im Xiang-Jiang-Gebiet)

Einzelnachweise

Jungsteinzeitliche Kultur (China)
Hunan
Archäologische Kultur (Asien)


Home > Athens > Church of Panaghia Kapnikarea (Εκκλησία της Παναγίας Καπνικαρέας), one of the oldest churches in Athens.
Caption: Church of Panaghia Kapnikarea (Εκκλησία της Παναγίας Καπνικαρέας), one of the oldest churches in Athens.
For commercial use, please email me (referencing Photo ID 13362-athens).


Ok, so we have already established that I love curry and I love soups. This soup is just another addition to my "MUST MAKE THIS AGAIN!" list. It is bursting at the seams with flavour and it makes enough that you are guaranteed to have lunch the next day.
I chose to use the green lentil as I find green lentils keep their firm texture even after cooking. If you prefer to have a thicker soup with a little less texture than use the red lentil.
What are some of the other differences between lentils? Well I am glad you asked!
Brown Lentils are the most common variety. They can range in color from khaki-brown to dark black, and generally have a mild earthy flavor. They cook quickly in about 20-30 minutes. The blackest and tiniest lentils you find are usually Beluga lentils, which have a rich and deeply earthy flavor.
Now Green Lentils can be pale or mottled green-brown in color with a glossy exterior with a robust, somewhat peppery flavor. They generally take the longest to cook, upwards of 45 minutes. This makes them ideal for salads and other side dishes.
Red Lentils colors range from gold to orange to actual red, these are the sweetest and nuttiest of the lentils. They're somewhat in the middle of the road in terms of cooking time and are usually done in about 30 minutes but they tend to get mushy when cooked through.
There are 23.7g net carbs, 15.1g protein and 7 Weight Watchers points per serving.
In a large pot, heat coconut oil over medium heat and stir-fry the onion, garlic and ginger until the onion is translucent.
Add the fresh lime juice, vegetable broth, coconut milk, diced tomatoes and lentils.
Cover and bring to a boil, then simmer on low heat for 20-30 minutes, until the lentils are very tender. Season with salt and pepper.
Before serving, stir in the kale and garnish with cilantro and/or vegan sour cream such as Tofutti.


text:
Cell Processing
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Enirque Pedro
Solar Cells Work Better in Tandem
By Enirque Pedro
- 5th December 2015
- in Cell Processing, Cells, Manufacturing
Stacking two solar cells on top of each other means that solar energy can be 'harvested' in two stages, allowing sunlight to be converted into electricity more efficiently. Researchers at Empa, the Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, have now come up with a thin-film process for producing such tandem solar cells, in which one of the films comprises a thin layer of perovskite. Because the perovskite layer is fabricated at temperatures of just 50°C, this process could be used for low cost roll-to-roll production of solar cells in the future.
What is true for double-bladed razors is also true for solar cells: two layers are better than one. The top layer of a tandem solar cell is semi-transparent and efficiently converts large energy photons into electricity, while the bottom layer converts the remaining or reflected low energy photons. This allows a larger portion of the light energy to be converted into electricity.
Up to now, tandem cells have been produced by growing the layers on very expensive single crystal wafers, but this is not considered an attractive process for mass production. The research team working under Stephan Buecheler and Ayodhya Tiwari from the Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics at Empa has now succeeded in making tandem solar cells based on polycrystalline thin films, using a method that is suitable for large area, low cost processing, Flexible plastic or metal foils could also be used as the substrate in future. This marks a major milestone on the path to mass production of high-efficiency solar cells using low cost processes.
As the researchers report in Nature Communications, the secret to the new process is creating the top layer from a perovskite film produced with a low-temperature procedure at just 50°C, offering an energy- and cost-efficient production stage for future manufacturing. The resultant tandem solar cell boasted an efficiency rate of 20.5% when converting light to electricity, but the Empa researchers emphasize that this process has lots more potential to provide even better conversion of sunlight into electricity.
This high conversion rate was achieved through the development of a 14.2% semi-transparent solar cell, with 72% average transparency, made from methylammonium lead iodide deposited in the form of tiny perovskite crystals. The perovskite crystals are grown on a thin interlayer made of PCBM (phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester); each PCBM molecule contains 61 carbon atoms interconnected in the shape of a soccer ball.
The perovskite film is prepared by a combination of vapor deposition and spin coating onto the PCBM layer, followed by annealing at a 'lukewarm' temperature. The perovskite crystals absorb blue and yellow wavelengths of visible light and convert these into electricity. By contrast, red light and infrared radiation simply pass through the crystals.
To capture this red light and infrared radiation and convert it into electricity, the researchers attach a further layer underneath the semi-transparent perovskite layer. This layer is made from copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGD), which the team has been researching for years.
A standard solar cell can only convert radiation with an energy level higher than the bandgap of the semiconductor used. If the radiation energy is lower, no electricity is generated. If the radiation is higher in energy, the excess radiated energy is converted into heat and lost. By combining substances with differing bandgaps, a tandem solar cell like Empa's perovskite CIGS cell can efficiently convert a larger share of the incident solar energy to electricity.
While very good single-layer polycrystalline solar cell may practically convert a maximum of 25% of the solar energy to electricity, tandem solar cells could increase this figure to beyond 30%. That's according to Tiwari, head of the Thin Film and Photovoltaics laboratory. He does say, however, that a lot of research work is needed before that will be possible.
"What we have achieved now is just the beginning. We will have to overcome many obstacles before reaching this ambitious goal. To do this, we will need lots of interdisciplinary experience and a large number of combinatorial experiments until we have found a semi-transparent high-performance cell together with the right base cell, and technologies for electrical interconnections of these solar cells."
Stephan Bücheler, who coordinates the lab research in Tiwari's team, asserts that the race for efficiency in solar cell research is certainly not just an academic pursuit. "When producing solar-powered electricity, only half of the costs are down to the solar module itself. The other half are incurred for the infrastructure: inverters, cables, carriers for the cells, engineering costs and installation. These ancillary costs are reduced when the solar cells become more efficient and can be built in smaller sizes as a result. This means that efficient solar cells are the key to low-cost renewable electricity."
This story is adapted from material from Empa, with editorial changes made by Materials Today. The views expressed in this article do not necessarily represent those of Elsevier. Link to original source.
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Copyright © 2015 Mellowmag.


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1 RISING TIDES, by Nora Roberts. (Jove, $7.50.) Returning to his home on the Maryland shore, a man finds a new love and hope for the future. 2
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3 *DIVINE SECRETS OF THE YA-YA SISTERHOOD, by Rebecca Wells. (Harper Perennial, $13.50.) Three generations of Southern women. 24
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9 THE GOD OF SMALL THINGS, by Arundhati Roy. (Harper Perennial, $13.) Death and secrets haunt a once-prosperous family in India. First Chapter 10
10 THE HORSE WHISPERER, by Nicholas Evans. (Dell, $7.99.) A woman seeks solace for her daughter and their horse from a wrangler. 37
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14 THE Q CONTINUUM: Q-SPACE and Q-ZONE, by Greg Cox. (Pocket, $6.50 each.) The first two novels of a ''Star Trek'' trilogy. 1
15 PRETEND YOU DON'T SEE HER, by Mary Higgins Clark. (Pocket, $7.99.) A chance witness to a murder must live anonymously to save her life. 15
16 *APACHES, by Lorenzo Carcaterra. (Ballantine, $6.99.) A band of former cops sets out to bring law and order to New York's mean streets. 1
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27 DROP DEAD GORGEOUS, by Heather Graham. (Onyx, $6.99.) Romance and murder in Florida.
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29 OUT TO CANAAN, by Jan Karon. (Penguin, $12.95.) The fourth volume of "The Mitford Years," a series about life in a small North Carolina town.
30 THE PARTNER, by John Grisham. (Island/Dell, $7.99.) The pursuit of $90 million stolen by a Mississippi lawyer who is hiding in Brazil.
31 UNDERWORLD, by Don DeLillo. (Scribner, $16.) From the Polo Grounds to cyberspace: American life as lived by a man and woman during the past 50 years.
32 SKELETON CANYON, by J. A. Jance. (Avon, $6.99.) A Sheriff Joanna Brady mystery.
33 LIFE SUPPORT, by Tess Gerritsen. (Pocket, $6.99.) A doctor probes the mysterious epidemic that is killing her hospital patients.
34 SAVING PRIVATE RYAN, by Max Allan Collins. (Dreamworks, $6.50.) A novelization of the screenplay by Robert Rodat.
35 THESE HIGH GREEN HILLS, by Jan Karon. (Penguin, $11.95.) Volume 3 of "The Mitford Years," a series about life in a North Carolina town.
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(1) The provisions of the opinion rendered by the Supreme Court of the United States on March 2, 1925, in that certain cause wherein George Carroll and John Kiro were plaintiffs in error and the United States was defendant in error, reported in 267 United States Reports, beginning at page 132, relative to searches and seizures of vehicles carrying contraband or illegal intoxicating liquors or merchandise, and construing the Fourth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States, are adopted as the statute law of the state applicable to searches and seizures under s. 12, Art. I of the State Constitution, when searches and seizures shall be made by any duly authorized and constituted bonded officer of this state exercising police authority in the enforcement of any law of the state relative to the unlawful transportation or hauling of intoxicating liquors or other contraband or illegal drugs or merchandise prohibited or made unlawful or contraband by the laws of the state.
(2) The same rules as to admissibility of evidence and liability of officers for illegal or unreasonable searches and seizures as were laid down in said case by the Supreme Court of the United States shall apply to and govern the rights, duties and liabilities of officers and citizens in the state under the like provisions of the Florida Constitution relating to searches and seizures.
(3) All points of law decided in the aforesaid case relating to the construction or interpretation of the provisions of the Constitution of the United States relative to searches and seizures of vehicles carrying contraband or illegal intoxicating liquors or merchandise shall be taken to be the law of the state enacted by the Legislature to govern and control such subject.
History.—s. 1, ch. 12257, 1927; CGL 7644; s. 2, ch. 69-216.


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Home The Browning Letters [12 December 1845]. Browning, Elizabeth Barrett to Browning, Robert.
[12 December 1845]. Browning, Elizabeth Barrett to Browning, Robert.
Do not blame me in your thoughts for what I said yesterday or wrote a day before, or think perhaps on the dark side of some other days when I cannot help it .. always when I cannot help it-you could not blame me if you saw the full motives as I feel them. If it is distrust, it is not of you, dearest of all!-but of myself rather:-it is not doubt of you, but for you. From the beginning I have been subject to the too reasonable fear which rises as my spirits fall, that your happiness might suffer in the end through your having known me:-it is for you, I fear, whenever I fear:-and if you were less to me, .. should I fear do you think?-if you were to me only what I am to myself for instance, .. if your happiness were only as precious as my own in my own eyes, .. should I fear, do you think, then? Think, & do not blame me.
To tell you to "forget me when forgetting seemed happiest for you", .. (was it not that, I said?) proved more affection than might go in smoother words .. I could prove the truth of that out of my heart.
Title [12 December 1845]. Browning, Elizabeth Barrett to Browning, Robert.


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Tusculum Family Physicians, a Summit Medical Group primary care practice in Greeneville, Tennessee, celebrated the opening of its new office with a ribbon-cutting ceremony on April 16.
The new 7,000-square-foot office is located at 555 Justis Drive across the street from Laughlin Memorial Hospital, just 0.2 miles away from the former office on Tusculum Boulevard.
The ribbon-cutting ceremony included physicians, staff and construction partners, as well as family, friends and neighbors from the community. Realty Trust Group is the real estate advisor for the new facility. McCarty Holsaple McCarty was the architect, and GRC Construction was the contractor.
Tusculum Family Physicians includes Drs. Kenneth and Carla Nickle, as well two family nurse practitioners, Leslie Henry and Leslie Foshie. Dr. Erica Conrad will join the practice in June 2018. Tusculum Family Physicians offers comprehensive family care, including pediatrics, geriatrics, gynecology and total adult care. The practice also performs in-house lab services and procedures such as vasectomies, joint injections and skin procedures.
The Nickles, a husband-wife team, are former active duty military physicians who remain active as Lieutenant Colonels in the Army reserves. Dr. Carla Nickle was born and raised in Greeneville, which is why she and her husband chose to open their primary care practice in the community seven years ago.
Tusculum Family Physicians is located at 555 Justis Drive in Greeneville. The practice is open Monday, Wednesday and Thursday, 7:30 a.m.-5 p.m.; Tuesday, 7:30 a.m.-6 p.m.; and Friday 8 a.m.-4 p.m. For an appointment, call 423-783-7965.


age of 6 may stay stfold politidistrikt sarpsborg free of charge when using existing bedding. We just passed the Krossobanen an aerial tramway up to Gvepseborg. All children under the age of 2 may stay for free in a cot. Vemork hydroelectric power plant.
I am actually going very close to the speed limit 40 km/h (24 mph). Now we are approaching the ferry terminal Ml at Tinnsj. It was originally added on and has been viewed 9 596 times since then. Such facilities as a stove, a microwave, a cooktop, kitchenware and a fridge are available. Location, saheimsveien 11, Rjukan, Norway, rooms, providing Triple Room, Twin Room, Single Room and Apartment, Rjukan Gjestehus Hostel ensures a comfortable stay for guests. A simple interior distinguishes Rjukan Gjestehus Hostel from other hostels. Taken over by askepott salong fredrikstad the Germans during wwii.
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There are many differences in the way people parent and we all have different goals for your children don't we? But wanting our children to be successful at school (or in their home education) is a common goal for parents.
There are some simple and obvious things we can do such as ensure they get a good breakfast and enough sleep, ensure they are motivated, praised and encouraged. And yet despite our best intentions, sometimes they need a little extra don't they, sometimes the learning just is not sticking.
That is where great resources play their part and Education Quizzes is one such resource that I think is just fantastic.
Education Quizzes is a website packed with interesting and useful education quizzes are designed for all children at all levels. They have been written by teachers. The multiple choice quizzes really help revision and support the national curriculum. Children get immediate results and are given helpful hints to help them understand how to choose the right answer and avoid future mistakes.
My daughter is 8 and in key stage 2. We had a go together at a couple of comprehension papers. I was blown away by how much she knew and also became aware of how she rushed reading questions. both things were useful to know and I was able to help her slow it all down. When she got a question wrong she was old immediately with a full explanation for the right answer.
She thought the quizzes were fun and was very happy to carry on even asking if she can do more later- yay!
Subscription to Education Quizzes costs £7.50 per month and provides access to all quizzes in all curriculum. You can free to cancel at any time even after just one month.
Because your subscription gets you access to all the quizzes both my children can access this for the one price. My son is in key stage 3 and frequently has tests. This will be so useful to him.
I have to say I think it is amazing value for money and WAY cheaper than getting in a tutor!
My kids love multiple choice and these questions have really made them think. They also love using the computer so this is a winner for them.
I appreciate that the right answers are given with good explanations. I also like the price and pricing structure. It means I could access this over the long summer holidays or at test time and pay for it then rather than being committed all year. I think the questions are interesting and fun. All in all a brilliant resource. I will be recommending it to everyone!