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Q: Where does the energy come from that holds an orbit in place? I found several answers on this site about the question of where gravitational energy comes from, but they are always explained with two objects falling towards each other, something that can be done only once without adding energy to the system again.
I don't see how this applies to a stable orbit. For example in the case of Earth orbiting the sun, where does the energy come from that constantly changes the vector of Earth?
Wikipedia tells me:

Orbits do not decay without some friction-like mechanism which transfers energy from the orbital motion.

But it requires energy to keep Earth in orbit, right? So where does it come from?

A: To simplify things his answer assumes we are working with the case where the mass of the orbiting object is much less than the mass of the object being orbited around. The ideas here are pretty much the same when this is not the case though.
The work done by a force $\mathbf F$ is given by $$W=\int\mathbf F\cdot\text d\mathbf x$$
i.e. the work depends on the component of the force that is in line with the displacement.
In a circular orbit, the gravitational force is always perpendicular to the displacement, so no work is done or is needed to maintain this orbit. All energies remain constant in this case.
What about elliptical orbits? Well certainly kinetic energy of the orbiting object changes throughout the orbit, but this doesn't mean energy is required to maintain the orbit. As the orbiting object moves father away, gravity does negative work and the object slows down. As the orbiting object moves closer gravity does positive work and the object speeds up. Overall energy is conserved though, as the changes in kinetic energy matches the changes in potential energy (work done by gravity).
There is no need for energy to be put be into the system to maintain the orbit.

To explicitly comment on some parts of your post:

I found several answers on this site about the question where gravitational energy comes from

Gravitational potential energy is just a different way to describe the work done by gravity. It doesn't really "come from anywhere", as it's actual value is arbitrary. All that really matters is that a change in gravitational energy means work is being done by gravity (positive or negative). But like my answer above, you don't even need to worry about potential energy. That's why I just talked in terms of work done by gravity.

where does the energy come from that constantly changes the vector of Earth?

Note that a change it velocity vector does not mean work is being done. Only a change in its magnitude (speed) does. Like in the elliptical orbit, gravity doing positive or negative work means the speed of the orbiting object changes. But this doesn't mean the energy "comes from somewhere". Gravity does work, the kinetic energy changes, but the total energy of the system remains constant.

A:
in the case of Earth orbitting the sun, where does the energy come from that constantly changes the vector of Earth?

I assume you are referring to the velocity vector $\vec v$ of Earth. The answer is that it does not require energy to turn that vector. An increase in speed $v$ (the magnitude of the vector) requires energy, because that will increase Earth's kinetic energy:
$$K=\frac 12mv^2$$
But turning the velocity vector (changing its direction) without changing the speed, which is what happens in perfectly circular orbits, does not require energy. It requires a force, yes, but not necessarily energy. There is no energy formula like the above which involves the velocity vector.

Where does the energy come from that holds an orbit in place?
  But it requires energy to keep Earth in orbit, right? So where does it come from?

Some energy was provided (via fuel in a rocket) to move a satellite up to an orbit, and to give that satellite its necessary initial speed (its initial kinetic energy). Astronomical events billions of years ago provided the energy that formed and positioned all planets, starts and moons and that gave them their initial speeds.
The energy provided in these initial events is energy that will always remain in the orbital system (unless some new forces appear and distort the situation, such as impacts with objects or "friction-like mechanisms" as your Wikipedia quote mentions). By orbital system I mean the system that contains the kinetic and potential energies more or less isolated (such as the Sun-Earth system or the satellite-Earth system).
The forces of gravity from different large bodies such as the sun distort the initial velocity vectors of these moving objects and bodies. They turn them. They may also speed them up or slow them down, in which case those gravitational forces do work. But if they only turn them, then those forces do no work. If the orbits are circular, then all kinetic energy is always with the orbiting body - no energy is taken away or removed; no energy is spent in order to constantly turn them so they stay in their orbit.
Energy is not required to keep up gravitational forces, that's they key point.

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Tiger Woods played a round of golf on Thursday. This is not remarkable, except in the context of the fact that as recently as six months ago, we had no idea if he'd ever play golf again. But now, he's clearly not only playing golf again, he's playing golf rather well. He teed it up at the Wells Fargo Championship Thursday, a tournament he won back in 2007, and, well … he completed 18 holes of golf.
Most golfers merit coverage if they shoot either a 63 or an 83. Anything in between … eh. But Woods? Friends, when we're talking about, at worst, the second-greatest golfer in history and one of the landmark athletes in American history, well, we report on him, no matter what.
Tiger Woods, on the other hand, passes the grandmother test — that is, even your grandmother knows who Woods is, and everyone wants to know what he shot today.
For the record: Woods shot even par. Not great, not terrible. Good enough for T37, four strokes behind the leaders. Even par: the vanilla ice cream of golf scores.
Woods had his chances, going out in 1-under. But he made too many small mistakes — following a near-eagle on 15 with a three-jack from inside 15 feet on 16, for instance, or following a 27-foot birdie putt on 8 with a bogey on the par-5 10th. Small mistakes are survivable on their own, but small mistakes become round-killers when they stack up.
What a save from @TigerWoods.
So, yes, regardless of how Woods performs — indeed, even when his performance is the very definition of average, as it was Thursday — it's still news. Not great news, not terrible news, just news. And we'll bring it to you all weekend. Your grandmother will want to know.


Each day at Code Nation is designed to be challenging and varied, with a series of hands-on sessions geared towards teaching different aspects of coding. The five core modules include: coding fundamentals & good technical design, front-end development, back-end development, how to be a valuable digital professional, and an employer-sponsored final project. To apply, prospective students can fill out an online form to describe their motivations for wanting to learn how to code.
Students will receive career-ready coding skills, access to digital gurus, and personalized career mentoring to help fill the technical skills gap in the UK. Code Nation is supported by a dedicated recruitment company, whose broad network of clients have already pledged to give Code Nation graduates interviews upon completion of the course.
An email with these details has been sent to Code Nation.
You've already applied to this scholarship with Code Nation.


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Information about COVID-19 at Bowden Institution
Hammersmith Bridge Taskforce meeting, 14 January 2021
Institute breaks record in 2020, making laws easy to access
Applicants sought for free girls' summer wilderness science education expeditions
Boy missing from Hunter region
Pentagon Awards $69.3 Million Contract to CONTINUUS Pharmaceuticals to Develop US-based Continuous Manufacturing Capability
Boardwalk reduction on Alexandra Bridge 16 January
Global discussion highlights priorities for improving diversity and inclusion in energy sector
COVID-19 Variant B.1.1.7 Found in Southeast Pennsylvania
May 14, 2020 4:58 pm AESTDate Time
Disability Discrimination Commissioner joins Play by Rules
Disability Discrimination Commissioner Dr Ben Gauntlett will join the management committee of Play by the Rules, the national program to make grass roots sports safe, fair and inclusive.
Dr Gauntlett joins his Australian Human Rights Commission colleague, Sex Discrimination Commissioner Kate Jenkins (co-chair), and South Australia's Equal Opportunity Commissioner Dr Niki Vincent representing the Australian Council of Human Rights Authorities on the committee.
Dr Gauntlett said he was pleased to join Play by the Rules and was particularly keen to support the program's leading inclusion initiatives for people with disability.
"Sport is an integral aspect of Australian society. Whether participating or attending, many Australians love sport. It is important we make sport as inclusive as possible," Dr Gauntlett said.
"In my role as Disability Discrimination Commissioner, I'm delighted to join Play by the Rules and to ensure people with disability can participate in sport and sporting organisations in a meaningful way."
Play by the Rules is a collaboration between the Australian Human Rights Commission, the Australian Council of Human Rights Authorities (ACHRA), Sport Australia, all state and territory departments of sport and recreation, the NSW Office of the Children's Guardian and the Anti-Discrimination Board of NSW. Sport Integrity Australia will join as a member from July 1, 2020.
Ms Jenkins said the management committee welcomed the appointment of Dr Gauntlett.
"Ben brings a passion for sport, an understanding of the importance of sport in the community and expertise in promoting inclusion for people with disability, which will be incredibly valuable to the work of Play by the Rules," Ms Jenkins said.
Ms Jenkins thanked former committee member Megan Mitchell for her work, first as NSW Commissioner for Children and Young People and then during her term as National Children's Commissioner.
Play by the Rules has been recognised by the Royal Commission into Institutional Child Sexual Abuse and the Wood Review into Sport Integrity as a leading initiative in ensuring child safety and safeguarding the integrity of sport at the community level.
This week, Play by the Rules launched a new campaign featuring some of Australia's leading sports stars across multiple sports encouraging people to come together and play by the rules.
Ms Jenkins said Play by the Rules' digital platform was a valuable tool in keeping community sport connected during the COVID-19 pandemic, with on-field play suspended.
Tags:Australia, Australian, Australian Human Rights Commission, child safety, Commission, Commissioner, community, disability, Human Rights, institutional child sexual abuse, Mitchell, NSW, royal commission, sexual abuse, South Australia, Sport Australia, young

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Constantin Buzatu was de burgemeester van de gemeente Becicherecu Mic, Timiș, Roemenië. Constantin Buzatu werd gekozen op 6 juni 2004. Hij kreeg 416 van 1168 stemmen. Constantin Buzatu is lid van de Sociaaldemocratische Partij. In 2012 nam Raimond-Ovidiu Rusu het burgemeesterschap over. Rusu is ook lid van de Sociaaldemocratische Partij.

Roemeens burgemeester

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Methow Arts
× Search Methow Arts
Presenting Season
Artists of the Methow Valley and beyond
Christa Culbert
christaculbert[at]sbcglobal.net
Winthrop, WA 98862
Mediums:
Christa loves animals, sailboats, trail runs, mountain bikes, ice cream, artwork, and her dog, Uisce ("Ish-ca"). She got her BFA in painting and drawing from the School of the Art Institute of Chicago, and first came to the Methow Valley to work for Northwest Outward Bound School in Mazama. She now lives in the Methow year-round and works as a horse trainer and artist.
Art Inspiration
By imagining the people around her as animals: sweet, grumpy, gentle, sad, and joyful, her artwork reveals the love and humour in everyday moments, while celebrating the Methow Valley and all its inhabitants (furry, scaly, four-legged, two-legged, no-legged, and all the rest!). She also uses landscape painting to investigate the intricacy and tranquility of nature. In the future, she would love to illustrate children's books, as well as continue her visual explorations of the natural world.
Christa's favorite medium is oil paint, but she also enjoys watercolor and acrylic for their cleanliness and transportability while painting out of the studio. She loves drawing in pen, pencil, and charcoal, and has dabbled in etching and printmaking. She has also explored woodworking and sculpture as another means of interacting with and investigating her world.
If you are interested in purchasing a piece of art you see on this page, or on Christa's website, https://christaculbert.wixsite.com/artwork, please contact her at christaculbert@sbcglobal.net. She also takes commissions for landscape paintings, imaginative drawings, murals in children's bedrooms, and other projects.
To see more of my work and behind the scenes photos, follow me on Instagram @christaculbert2.
Christa Culbert Gallery
Glassworks Traffic Jam. Watercolor and Pen on Paper. 15in x 21in
Bears Only. Watercolor and Pen on Paper. 16in x 16in
The Card Game. Watercolor and Pen on Paper. 10in x 16in
The Send Off. Watercolor and Pen on Paper. 15in x 21in
Winter Joy. Oil on Canvas. 6ft x 9ft
Night Sky. Acrylic on Canvas. 2ft x 4ft
Sedona, Arizona. Acrylic on Paper. 10in x 16in
The Green River, Utah. Acrylic on Canvas. 2ft x4ft
* Never shared or published.
Update your artist profile
Methow Arts Alliance
109 2nd Avenue Suites B/C
Twisp, WA 98856
Copyright © 2023 Methow Arts
Design + Code by Ryan Scherler


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Timely response by NDRF prevented panic at IGI Airport
Around 1100 hours this morning, CISF officials on duty at the Indira Gandhi International Airport, New Delhi intimated the National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) Control Room about suspected radioactive leakage out of a sanitized container from the consignment that came on an Air France plane on Saturday night.
Immediately one NDRF team rushed to the spot and "sanitised" the area. Detection of radiation was done by NDRF team u sing technical equipment. Radiation level at varied distances from the source was marked and the suspect packages were isolated. The cargo complex was vacated as a preventive measure.
Teams from the Atomic Energy Regulation Board (AERB) and the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) also reached and after thorough detection and identification of the material, it was declared safe for movement. There is "nothing to panic" and there is no effect on the Passenger Area, said authorities.
The cargo, consisting of medicinal and cancer drugs, belonged to Air France.
delhi airport radioactive leakage igi airport new delhi airport leak termina 3 what happened	2016-10-09


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West Virginia Public Broadcasting
Last updated 10 February 2018
«« Earliest «« #101-200 Broadcasts: #201-224
Listing entries including Saturday 5th November 2016
Tom Baker Movies: The Ark in Space Sat 22 Oct 2016 11:00pm EDT
Tom Baker Movies: Revenge of the Cybermen Sat 29 Oct 2016 11:00pm EDT
Tom Baker Movies: Genesis of the Daleks Sat 5 Nov 2016 11:00pm EDT
Tom Baker Movies: Revenge of the Cybermen Sat 12 Nov 2016 11:00pm EST
Tom Baker Movies: Terror Of The Zygons Sat 19 Nov 2016 11:00pm EST
Tom Baker Movies: Pyramids Of Mars Sat 17 Dec 2016 11:00pm EST
Tom Baker Movies: Planet of Evil Sat 24 Dec 2016 11:00pm EST
Tom Baker Movies: The Brain Of Morbius Sat 7 Jan 2017 11:00pm EST
Tom Baker Movies: The Seeds Of Doom - Part 1 of 2 Sat 14 Jan 2017 11:00pm EST
Tom Baker Movies: The Masque Of Mandragora Sat 28 Jan 2017 11:00pm EST
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Tom Baker Movies: The Invasion of Time - Part 1 of 2 Sat 20 May 2017 11:00pm EDT


A NdFeB magnet (also known as Neodymium magnet,or Neo magnet), is a type of so called 'rare-earth' permanent magnet. It is made from an alloy of neodymium, iron, and boron to form the Nd2Fe14B tetragonal crystalline structure. This material is currently the strongest type of permanent magnet.
Today, NdFeB magnets are used in large quantities all over the world. The development of this material is not yet complete; the remanence and coercive field strength are being continually increased. The high energy of NdFeB magnets means that motors and sensors can be built ever smaller – and this signifies an increase in performance efficiency. The ongoing improvements enable this interesting material to be continually introduced into new areas.
Ningbo Ankey magnet Co Ltd has manufactured ordinarly NdFeB Sector magnets, large & mini sector magnets, annual production is 1000 tons.
sector NdFeB magnets are widely used in industry such as axial flux motor, paint motor, transverse flux motor, flat motor, pancake motor etc.


Exhibits culinary talents in Chinese cuisine by personally performing tasks while leading the staff and managing all food related functions. Works to continually improve guest and employee satisfaction while maximizing the financial performance in all areas of responsibility. Supervises all kitchen areas to ensure a consistent, high quality product is produced. Responsible for guiding and developing staff including direct reports. Must ensure sanitation and food standards are achieved. Areas of responsibility comprise overseeing all food preparation areas (e.g., banquets, room service, restaurants, bar/lounge and employee cafeteria) and all support areas (e.g., dish room and purchasing).
• High school diploma or GED;8 years experience in the culinary, food and beverage, or related professional area.
• 2-year degree from an accredited university in Culinary Arts, Hotel and Restaurant Management, or related major; 6 years experience in the culinary, food and beverage, or related professional area.
• Trains kitchen employees on the fundamentals of good cooking and excellent plate presentations.


Delegate for H2DialectBasic and H2DialectPrepared which implements the common parts of the dialect api.
H2 database dialect based on basic (non-prepared) statements.
H2 database dialect based on prepared statements.
Static collection of JTS operations.


Novak Djokovic is seeded to meet three-time defending champion Roger Federer in the Basle final.
(CNN) -- World No. 3 Novak Djokovic whitewashed Jan Hernych 6-0 6-0 to reach the quarterfinals of the Davidoff Swiss Indoors tournament in Basle on Thursday.
The Serbian recorded the fifth "double bagel" of the 2009 ATP World Tour season, and the first in Basle since 1977, to reach the last eight for the 18th time this year.
The second seed needed just 52 minutes to beat the Czech world No. 59, and will next face home hope Stanislas Wawrinka after the sixth seed beat Jarkko Nieminen of Finland 7-5 2-6 6-1.
He is on course for a final showdown with top seed and three-time defending champion Roger Federer, who will play Evgeny Korolev in the quarterfinals.
The Russian qualifier defeated Frenchman Jeremy Chardy 6-4 7-6 (7-1) in 71 minutes on court two.
Fourth seed Marin Cilic battled past Djokovic's compatriot Viktor Troicki, winning 7-6 (9-7) 6-7 (8-10) 7-6 (8-6) to set up a clash with fifth-seeded Czech Radek Stepanek.
Richard Gasquet came from behind to defeat unseeded American John Isner 4-6 7-6 (11-9) 6-2 and the Frenchman will next play Marco Chiudinelli, who won an all-Swiss clash with Michael Lammer 2-6 6-3 6-3.
Meanwhile, world No. 4 Andy Murray continued his comeback from a wrist injury at the Valencia Open with a battling victory in his second-round clash with Argentina's Leonardo Mayer.
The British player, who had been out for six weeks, produced an inconsistent performance, but survived to earn a quarterfinal clash with Alberto Montanes.
The Spaniard progressed when his compatriot, defending champion David Ferrer, pulled out with a hamstring injury which will end his hopes of qualifying for the season-ending ATP World Tour finals.
Second seed Nikolay Davydenko progressed into the quarterfinals with a 6-3 7-5 win against another Argentinian, Juan Monaco.
The Russian overcame a second-set stutter in which he served four double-faults to set up a clash with Guillermo Garcia-Lopez.
Fourth seed Fernando Verdasco went through with a 6-3 6-3 win against unseeded Serb Janko Tipsarevic.
On Friday, the 2004 champion will face fellow Spaniard Tommy Robredo, who defeated compatriot Feliciano Lopez 4-6 6-3 6-4.
Davydenko and Verdasco are strong contenders to claim one of the remaining two places at the season-ending event in London later this month, while Robredo has an outside chance of qualifying.


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The hardest men in rugby
Owain Jones
MARSEILLE, FRANCE - SEPTEMBER 04: Sione Lauaki (L) and Jerry Collins of the New Zealand All Blacks take part in an early morning workout at the team hotel on September 04, 2007, prior to training at Stade Jean Bouin in Marseille, France. (Photo by Ross Land/Getty Images)
Never back down: Julian White may be a lovely man, but he took no prisoners for Leicester, England or the Lions
By Alan Dymock
"CAN YOU pick a definitive list of rugby's hard men?" is one of those nice innocuous questions – the kind that comes up in the pub, once you've discussed who would win in a fight between a wolf and 2,000 kittens – that ends up stoking a raging argument that lasts for hours.
So when we started discussing it in the Rugby World office, we quickly realised that boundaries were needed.
Opening it up to Twitter only added to the confusion, with names flying all around. With such a passion-inflaming question everyone was pitching in with fond memories of skulduggery and bravery. At one point the IRFU pitched in:
@Rugbyworldmag Peter Clohessy? #theclaw
— Irish Rugby (@irfurugby) August 15, 2013
"Like a slack-jawed bear": Second-row Martin Johnson
It was at this point that it was decided that 'hardest' means tough and not afraid of a fight, but not nasty; just a tireless, fearless competitor. It was also decided – sorry to those of a dustier vintage and history buffs – that the modern, professional era was where our list of heroes would come from. So the likes of Colin 'Pinetree' Meads, Wayne 'Buck' Shelford, Bobby 'The Duke' Windsor, Peter Winterbottom, Mike Teague, Jean Pierre Rives, David Leslie, Finlay Calder and countless more miss out on this list.
So without further ado, here is the Magnificent Seven: an unofficial, totally subjective, factless, tactless list of the hard cases of rugby in the professional age.
Julian White If ever there was a prop who relished scrums on his own line it was Julian White. Unfliching in the face of conflict? He was certainly unfamiliar with a backwards step. Free-flowing with the right-handers? Well, it's not our place to say… If ever you needed convincing of his place on the list you only need ask some of the hard cases who dealt with him:
"@Rugbyworldmag: We're having a discussion in the office: who is the hardest rugby player you've ever seen play? "-julianwhite
— Lewis Moody (@LewisMoody7) August 15, 2013
Lofty praise.
Danny Grewcock
He may have been sin-binned regularly, but he was there, we're sure, for standing up for his mates. A consummate team player and a gritty performer in the boilerhouse, he was the same wherever he played: full on for Bath or for England or for the Lions.
Jamie Cudmore
"He's a thug!" some of you may say, and yes he has a bit of a murky past before rugby saved him, but there's a reason he keeps playing in the big games for Clermont Auvergne. Like Mr Muscle, he does the tough jobs so others don't have to. Part of a knee-knocking second-row partnership with Nathan 'Wagga' Hines.
A shirt-makers nightmare: Bakkies Botha
Bakkies Botha
Another victim of bad press, Botha is a sweetheart really. Sure he hits rucks like Stock, Aitken and Waterman hit the 80s and he has grabbed more shirts than your average dry cleaners, but he smiles while he does it.
He earned every ban he has gotten and sometimes he takes it too far, but when it is all over we will fondly remember the full-blooded South African who never got the credit he deserved for being a brilliant player as well.
The image of Johnno with two opposition players in his hands will live on forever and the ogre-ish way he lifted the Webb Ellis trophy sideways, roaring like a slack-jawed bear will be an eternal reminder of the lock's approach to the game.
Johnson had stellar success in his career, but he always played every match like a wounded beast. One of the game's true greats.
Richie McCaw
Tough, picking between McCaw and Jerry Collins, but McCaw almost single-handedly won the 2011 Rugby World Cup with an obliterated foot. He couldn't train, but he could dominate rugby games. He's probably had more stitches than a first-time cross country class.
How often must McCaw get punched at the ruck and we don't get to see? A lot, I'm guessing.
Schalk Burger
The guy is making a comeback from bacterial meningitis, after an operation on his spine and calf and knee problems. He cannot be stopped. Not by conventional means, anyway. We all know who he is. Did you know he's only 30? He'll probably hang a round forever, waiting to run 20 yards towards every single ruck.
Missing: Collins, looking like a pumped-up pint of Guinness
Undoubtedly one of the hardest brutes in recent years.
My Word, look at the reserve list:
Honourable mentions must go out to these fellas. Deep Breath. Thierry Dusautoir, Serge Betsen, Stephen Ferris, Paul O'Connell, Brian 'The Chiroractor' Lima, Martyn Williams, Lewis Moody, Jerry Collins, Nathan Hines, Mario Ladesma, Mamuka 'Gorgodzilla' Gorgodze, Jason White, Brian O'Driscoll and Jonny Wilkinson.
There will be countless more but please don't shout at us. This is just a bit of fun!


Welcome to this page about Penthouses for sale San Pedro which may be of your interest. Here we only show Penthouses for sale San Pedro. Prices has never before been as attractive as they are now – take advantage of your large selection of Penthouses for sale San Pedro on this page.
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Lovely east facing apartment on the third floor with nice views to La Concha and a villa area with beautiful tropical gardens.


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Explain IT: Season 1, Episode 7 - GDPR
Playing now - GDPR
We tackle the ins and outs of GDPR compliance
In this episode we get to grips with the new General Data Protection Regulation. Host Michael Bird is joined by Softcat's data management business manager Katie Efde, information security officer Mark Overton and Graham Charlton, Softcat's CFO. They go right back to basics and look at how the GDPR differs from the old data protection guidance and exactly what organisations need to do in order to comply with GDPR and avoid hefty fines. They also consider how Brexit may affect the regulation as well as the benefits to organisations and individuals.
Michael Bird Digital Marketing Manager Softcat
Katie Efde Data Management Business Manager Softcat
Mark Overton Information Security Officer Softcat
Graham Charlton Chief Financial Officer Softcat
The GDPR is a change to improve how organisations look after individuals' data and compliance is essential. It has been brought in to improve peoples' rights of privacy.
The consequences of getting data protection wrong have significantly increased with fines of up to 4% of annual turnover or €20m. But the ICO is not looking to put organisations out of business, fines will be proportionate to the size and nature of the business.
GDPR compliance will require support from people across your organisation. It is important, however, to get the right person with the right support to take responsibility for it.
There are critical questions to consider before tackling the GDPR; you'll need to look at how your organisation uses the data you have, what exactly the data is, where it's been collected and stored and how you'll put in place appropriate safeguards to protect it.
There are benefits that all organisations will see as a result of GDPR compliance - improving data management will increase the ability to analyse and use that data. Storage costs will also decrease, which minimises the risk of a data breach as well.
Michael Bird: Hello and welcome to Explain IT brought to you by Softcat. This is a show for IT professionals that aims to simplify the complex and often over complicated bits of Enterprise IT without compromising on detail. I'm host Michael Bird and over the next 20 or so minutes I'll be challenging our panel of experts to take a different area of the IT ecosystem and, of course, 'Explain IT'. This week, we're going to try and tackle the General Data Protection Regulation, also known as GDPR - a regulation which came into force on the 25th of May 2018. We're going to try and explain what it is, probably more importantly, what it isn't and what organisations should or shouldn't be doing to comply. So to help us wade through GDPR is Katie Efde, Softcat's data management business manager, Mark Overton who is Softcat's information security officer and Graham Charlton who is Softcat's CFO.
So Mark, I'm sure this is probably one of the most Googled questions in the world right now, but what actually is GDPR and how does it differ from data protection?
Mark Overton: GDPR is the General Data Protection Regulation and it's the new standard for data privacy across the EU. It's been brought in to standardise data protection across all of the European states and also to address changes in data privacy that have been brought about by the use of new technologies and the modern world in which people share data so freely through technologies like social networks.
Michael Bird: So what are the key components of GDPR?
Mark Overton: Well one of the biggest changes from the Data Protection Act or previous data protection legislation is going to be the fines. It's the 4% of global turnover or the 20 million euros that has really grabbed headlines and forced this onto the agenda for pretty much every organisation. Previously the data protection legislation was always focused on the controller; so that's the company who would consider themself the owner of the data and who would decide on how to use that data. The GDPR means that enforcement action can now be taken against processers which are the companies or organisations who controllers might share data with to undertake certain tasks such as an online email archive being an obvious example in our industry.
Michael Bird: Now sorry to bring up Brexit, but do UK based organisations still need to worry about it once we leave the EU?
Mark Overton: So we're currently in the process of enacting the data protection bill in the UK - that's passing through Parliament. It doesn't look like there'll be any sign in that changing and that bill is based upon the GDPR. So yes, that's not going to stop its passage through Parliament due to Brexit and it's going to be really important to allow us to continue working in partnership with EU organisations; they'll want to see equivalent data protection law in our country too.
Michael Bird: And so do you think the onus is on the organisation? Or on the people? Is this the regulation towards helping the individuals or providing more support for organisations?
Mark Overton: Absolutely, so the regulation is focused on data subjects, it's focused on individuals, but where it's created the workload is inside companies and organisations who are responsible for managing the data of those individuals, who hold the data of those individuals. This is a change in regulation designed to improve how companies look after individuals' data. The benefit will be for people – that's what we hope.
Graham Charlton: It's long overdue as well. It was last updated in the UK in 1995, data protection laws, so the internet was barely around when it was last done. And the question is whether other countries are going to follow suit now, as well. In the US, data protection laws are still woefully inadequate by comparison to GDPR. So it was time it happened and I guess, for consumers, it's a day to be very pleased about it, because they had very little protection until now and still do in a lot of countries.
Mark Overton: I was keen to ask those doing the podcast with me what they perceive by privacy - what does that mean to you?
Graham Charlton: To me it means that if I'm interacting with a company and therefore giving it my data in some way, that that data will only be used for the purposes that I'm giving tacit consent. So if I'm giving my address to Amazon because I want them to deliver something to me, that is the only thing they'll use it for. So to me privacy is along those lines.
Mark Overton: Katie - I'm almost thinking of a core right; you know, you have a right to a fair trial, you have a right to privacy?
Katie Efde: Yes it's a human right, isn't it? It's a human right to have my information only accessed by people I wanted it accessed by.
Mark Overton: Yeah and that's really close to what people who talk about this say, they say it's your right to control who you share information with. It's your right to choose what you're going to share with people.
Michael Bird: And I think, for me at least, that looks like companies not being quite so creepy with my data. I think that's the big thing - as technology and as everything has moved on in the last maybe five years or so, actually the way that my data is being used is just increasingly more creepy; i.e. adverts following me around the internet that are targeted on things that I looked on a different website, so clearly my personal data is being used in a way I've not explicitly said I want them to use it in, but it's just happened because that's just how the world has moved on. So I'm kind of, looking forward to just stuff being a bit less creepy, to be honest.
Graham Charlton: But this is the point, isn't it? Michael said he hopes the world gets less creepy, in terms of how it follows his movements, and as far as I can see, GDPR should bring that about because it's absolutely saying that companies cannot just share data that they have been given by individuals with other companies unless they've got explicit consent to do that.
Michael Bird: So there's a concept of 'privacy by design' within GDPR, what exactly does that mean?
Graham Charlton: You don't get privacy by accident. You've got to work out what you are allowed to do with data, then design systems that create privacy so that you are actively building the maintenance of privacy into the way you do business, rather than, kind of, working out what you want to do and doing your business and then somehow shoehorning privacy into it. It's like a mobile first strategy, but for privacy sort of thing.
Mark Overton: Yeah we've seen a lot of companies struggling with this, with information security - that a company kicks off a project, gets it almost to the stage of completion and then involves the information security team who clearly should have been brought in at the beginning. It's exactly the same for data protection now, you need to bring those teams in early on, discuss what your aim is, what the desired outcome of the project is and ensure that that isn't going to infringe on data protection law.
Michael Bird: So we talked about individuals. What about organisations? What's been the effect on organisations?
Graham Charlton: I think it's put information security and privacy on board agendas when it wasn't before, so you'd get the odd thing in the news about 'there's been a data breach here' - the weight of those incidents, but then GDPR together I think, has made the corporate world and leadership in the corporate world take notice in a way that they hadn't done before. The consequences of getting this stuff wrong just went up a couple of levels in the last few years. And again I think that's a good thing because the internet has slowly crept up on us what companies are doing with data via the internet, has slowly crept up on us and there does need to be a pause and a reality check now, so I think boards are looking at it in a way they never have done before. That creates questions that flow down the chain and companies have then got to really interrogate their systems and processes and make sure that they are doing things with data that survive the common sense test.
Michael Bird: So Graham, if I can translate that to Softcat and, I suppose, to you personally, as well, how has the perception of data protection and GDPR changed since you've been at Softcat, or since you've been on a board? How has that changed?
Graham Charlton: Up until probably about 18 months ago I don't think I'd been in a board meeting or an exec leadership team meeting, whether at Softcat or elsewhere, where data security was discussed in any detail and Mark now, as our data protection manager, has been into a couple of board meetings now in the last 9 months. It's definitely moved the needle and I think it won't just be happening here. My old company, actually, which was an online marketplace company, we had a few debates, probably four or five years ago, when I was there, about levels of consent that we'd use for customers going through the website and we were almost using opt in consent as a way to differentiate, we were ahead of the curve and felt quite good about that and of course, now if you don't do that then you're simply non compliant.
Michael Bird: So Katie, what's stopping an organisation just doing nothing?
Katei Efde: It's mainly the fines is the most off putting element of GDPR. So under the current data protection was the fines were a lot smaller and the fines for GDPR are going to be proportionately dissuasive, depending on the size of your company and the nature of your business, so they're going to be big for you.
Michael Bird: So what are the fines then?
Katie Efde: The upper limit is 4% of your group annual turnover or 20 million euros, whichever is higher of the two.
Michael Bird: So if you're a little organisation with a one million pound turnover you could potentially get fined 20 million.
Katie Efde: Yeah, on paper.
Mark Overton: It's another one where it's really good to go and read the ICO website about this stuff. They have, numerous times, said they're not looking to put companies out of business using this regulation, which it does feel like many companies are afraid of. But the fines will be proportionate, that's absolutely correct.
Graham Charlton: But it can and will put companies out of business. The reseller industry that Softcat operates in, the average net profit margin is less than 4%, so if you got hit with a maximum fine, that is your whole year's profit gone in one fell swoop. And that's if you're making a profit, a lot of businesses, of course, don't, make a loss and adding 4% loss to a loss that's already there will be pretty cataclysmic for a lot of businesses. The combination of the financial and reputational damage that a serious GDPR breach could create is genuinely business ending, which is why I think it's got the attention of boards because you can't create a risk register now that doesn't recognise the risk of GDPR.
Katie Efde: I think, as well, GDPR's already raised awareness of individuals' rights across people who would never have had any experience of data protection laws or any awareness of what they're entitled to, so you get someone like my mum who knows what GDPR is, and will know now, as a consumer, what her rights are and have higher levels of expectations of organisations that she works with than she would have done in the past. So for us, we're huge on customer experience, on building trust with our customers - there's a level of expectation within all of our customers for us to comply with the new laws.
Mark Overton: Yeah, the reputation damage, absolutely is going to be a huge impactful thing for organisations that trade on a quality of service like ourselves. The other one we've seen a lot of is supply chain diligence. That companies expect anyone who they're working with on their supply chain to take this stuff seriously and we see many companies, especially in the public sector, that will absolutely refuse to do business with companies who have had breaches or cases brought against them by the ICO.
Graham Charlton: And the thing I can't get my head around yet, which I think will be very interesting to see how this plays out, is when companies, big internet companies from outside of the EU, who have to comply with the GDPR when operating in the EU have breached the regulation somehow. How does the local country enforcement agency then bring the weight of the law to bear on, maybe a US massive internet company? How does that work through in practice? I don't think anybody probably has an answer to that yet.
Mark Overton: It's interesting, because we focused a lot on the fines, but there are other actions the supervisory authorities can take, such as not permitting organisations to process personal data. So they could try and restrict their operations inside the EU.
Michael Bird: So that could cut a social network off if, for example, that's an organisation that had a breach of some sort or had breached the regulations?
Mark Overton: Yeah it's going to be so interesting to see how this plays out because how do you cut a social network off? When they cut off WhatsApp in Brazil, the country essentially rioted. I'm exaggerating somewhat, but the citizens made their voices heard very very quickly.
Michael Bird: So what are the basic things that every organisation needs to do, if they haven't already done so?
Mark Overton: You've got to start with ensuring there's someone in your organisation who is responsible for data protection and that they have the time and the support of the business do that role properly.
Michael Bird: And what does that role entail then, day to day, because that's what you do, isn't it?
Mark Overton: It is, yes. One of the things I do, with the support of others around me in the company, and I think that's going to be critical because we see people in legal teams being put in charge of data protection, in security teams and sometimes in HR. The fact of the matter is that an effective data protection programme, for most companies, is going to need the support of people from all those roles. What does it entail? Well I think for most people when they're starting off with this, they need to go and understand how their company uses data, what data they use, where they collect it from, where they store it, what it's used for and how they put appropriate safeguards in place to secure it. And I think that's actually, Graham, it's an interesting one. What's your experience of companies when it comes to collecting and storing data? Because it's been very easy, thanks to the cheapness of technology in recent years, to collect and store hordes of data. You might not have actually had a purpose for it at the time, but have you seen businesses collecting data on the basis that they think they may have a use for it in the future?
Graham Charlton: Yeah absolutely. I remember seeing an article a couple of years ago in The Economist which talked about data as the new oil. So it simply was a valuable commodity and the more of it you could grab, the better and I've certainly worked in companies where we had that ethos which was, "I might not know what I'm going to do with it today, but as long as I can grab it and store it, I'll work out how to use it in the future," and of course, that's just been blown out of the water, that sort of approach, which again, as a consumer, is a great thing.
Mark Overton: And certainly one of the challenges which I saw in the early days of trying to get a handle on what this meant to Softcat is that people in roles where they are responsible for data are very protective over that data, they've been working to build up that data and manage it and when you start questioning them about whether they need it or when's a sensible time start getting rid of it, you will certainly encounter some people who aren't happy with that line of conversation.
Michael Bird: So that's about understanding the data that you have and how long you need to hold on to it for?
Mark Overton: The people in the company who are responsible for that data, because although in a role in data protection you're taking protection for the data, you're unlikely to be the person looking after systems and the databases that it's stored in.
Michael Bird: Ok so the first two ones are, ensure there's someone responsible for data protection; number two, understand your data. So what's next on the list?
Mark Overton: Once you've got a good feel for that you can then start to build an action plan and at this point you're going to need to understand the GDPR. I'd absolutely recommend sending people on training courses from organisations like the IAPP to get a firm grasp on it and ensure that they're comfortable. But yes, you're going to be looking to understand about what your company does with data and whether there are any conflicts with the regulation.
Michael Bird: And then once you've done that?
Mark Overton: Well you'll be looking to work out what your project looks like. Every company is going to be building their own GDPR project and I guess at that point you're going to be needing to engage with all sorts of stakeholders across the business to ensure you have their support. Trying to do this stuff in isolation is never going to work. You're going to have to work with all sorts of departments to succeed with those projects.
Michael Bird: Ok what's next on the list then?
Mark Overton: So the security is always going to be a key thing, and that's going to wrap into your action plan. Hopefully your company will already have an effective security program in place that understands the data that the company has and understands how it protects the data, not just worrying about things like malware, or the latest threats which are being posted on the news, but actually the company's assets. Very often these days that is the company's data and how have they put appropriate security controls in place? And this is another lovely grey area of the GDPR. The security needs to be appropriate to the risk of the data but you're not going to get much more than that out of the regulation. So it can be a tough one to know what you're aiming for.
Michael Bird: Ok so if you understand how you going to secure data, what do you do next?
Mark Overton: Well throughout this whole process you should be documenting everything that's going on here, building that paper trail is incredibly important. I've heard it said a number of times and repeated it myself, right now again with these grey areas it's not necessarily about having every answer 100% right, it's about ensuring that you've reasoned how you've got to those answers and you can you show a fair justification so by building that documentation, should you ever need it, you can show that you did take this stuff seriously and you can show the actions you took.
Michael Bird: And then what's the next thing that we look at?
Mark Overton: There's a couple of final areas I'd say companies should take a look at as part of this. The lawful basis for their processing is really important, again, as we alluded to earlier. A lot of companies have gone out and sought to regain consent from the individuals they work with, but consent isn't the only lawful basis for processing, it can be because you have contract in place with that person or that company, it can also be because there's a legitimate interest in you processing that data and I think that's a really interesting area which companies should go and read up on if they don't understand it already. And then you've got things like vital interests. If you're laying on a street in serious need of medical assistance, unable to speak, you could be unconscious, you don't need a paramedic to turn up and get you to sign a form and tick a box before they can help you, so if you're doing something that protects the vital interests of individuals, that's again, another lawful basis for processing. So it's good for people to go and read up on those and understand what applies to their organisation. And finally, just a key thing that, it always winds me up when I see these done terribly because it should be such an easy thing for companies to do, is to create those privacy notices that show that transparency to the individuals they are working with. It's just an absolute cop out to do that badly because every company should know how they use data and they should be able to explain that openly to individuals. To me, it's an immediate red flag these days if you've got a company that's trying to take a load of data, but doesn't let you know clearly what they will be doing with it.
Michael Bird: From the sounds of this, GDPR is a lot of compliance, a lot of process and a lot of work for organisations. Is there any benefit to doing GDPR?
Graham Charlton: Yeah I think there should be. Companies for a long time now been trying to get more value from the data, so it's a bit of a fallacy, or a bit of a myth that companies think because they hold all this data they'll get value from it. You've got to do a lot of work in order to actually make that come true and quite often, it seems to me - past experience, that the ability to analyse data is seriously compromised by poor storage and management of that data. So if companies get good at data management because of the need to comply with the GDPR, then their ability to analyse and use the data they hold should massively increase as well. So I think there's a genuine business benefit there, and so something of a silver lining.
Katie Efde: It could even be as simple as storage costs, so by reducing the amount you store, you're naturally going to reduce the infrastructure costs that go with it. So that could be storing it, backing it up, protecting that data. So you're reducing the cost, but you're also reducing the risk by minimising the data that you keep. I suppose the flip side as well is the board awareness that this is raised around data protection and the onus on data security has just raised the status and the importance of keeping that data secure. So for the IT department, they've always understood the importance of data security, this is just elevating it for them and getting, maybe, projects and things improved that they've been wanting to do for a very long time.
Michael Bird: So what do we expect to see in the future? Look through your crystal balls, what do we see?
Mark Overton: I'm hoping to see some case law, some precedent come through. As much as we don't want to see people being stung by this regulation, hopefully it will provide a lot of clarity for people in the types of stuff which we can expect to see in the future.
Michael Bird: Do you think there are going to be organisations that will get fined fairly soon? Do you think it's going to happen or do you think there's going to be a bit of a waiting period, a bit of grace period?
Mark Overton: There seems to be a guarantee, from many years of looking after the security side of things, that data breaches will happen and that they will be headline grabbing. So it feels like it can only be a matter of time until we see that next headline grabbing data breach. TalkTalk got fined the maximum fine of 400,000 for their previous one, obviously that's all changed now.
Graham Charlton: Mark, do you think the enforcement agencies in the individual countries are going to be able to cope with the volume of complaints that it's going to trigger?
Mark Overton: It's going to be really interesting because certainly all the law firms are advising everyone to over report. There's this statement in the regulation that if it's not going to impact the rights and freedoms of individuals, you don't need to report the breach, but no one understands where that line is right now, so what everyone's been told to do is report it. It's much better to report it and have the supervisory authority tick it off and say it's ok, but the understanding is that the supervisory authorities have lost a lot of good talent to the private sector and I do think they're going to struggle in these early months to handle this new workload.
Graham Charlton: Customers presumably can raise a complaint to the ICO as well as companies reporting a breach, so there's two streams to that volume, is that right?
Mark Overton: Yeah I think anyone can raise a report to the ICO and they are looking to, if they've not done it already, to somewhat automate this by providing a website, form-based submission for these breaches and other notices.
Michael Bird: So, to summarise? Would anyone like to summarise?
Mark Overton: So ultimately it's the responsibility of every organisation to understand the regulation and how that applies to their company. Everything we've said today hopefully will be useful guidance for people, but please don't take it as gospel, it is our opinion.
Graham Charlton: So from my point of view, thinking about it in the round as both CFO of Softcat but also a consumer, I think it's a good thing. Now it's quite easy for me to say that because of everything we've said about how Softcat and its business operations aren't at the more extreme end of the spectrum when it comes to compliance and the onerous nature of that and particularly the impact that that could have on strategy and how we go to market. So as a consumer I think it's great, as a parent actually as well I think it's great. We didn't talk an awful lot about the 'what's in the GDPR relating to children' but there's quite a lot of protection in there specifically aimed at children, so on balance I'm very positive about it. However how it gets enforced in practice we could still, I think, collectively drop the ball there, and if that becomes the point at which it's proven to be not pragmatic and not actually in the consumers' best interests and also recognising the cost of compliance to companies then it could still become a really poor piece of legislation. But as we stand today I'd be very positive about it.
Mark Overton: Yeah I have to agree, it's definitely being done with the individual in mind. This was not about making life easier for organisations, it was about improving the rights of privacy for individuals that have been eroded significantly by the growth of technology in our lives. So from that side it's a really good thing. Another angle is it's created a small industry in itself over the last couple of years with GDPR compliance and it's driven companies' security programs forward as well which are all good things.
Michael Bird: So Katie, Mark, Graham, thank you so much for your time, it's been really interesting talking to you all. Listeners, if there's anything in this show that has piqued your interest, or if you'd like to talk to someone at Softcat about anything we've talked about in this episode, please check out the show notes, we'll include some links about some of the stuff that we've talked about today as well as some contact details. Also make sure you click subscribe wherever you get your podcasts and we'll deliver the next episode to you as soon as it lands. You've been listening to Explain IT from Softcat, thank you so much for listening and goodbye.
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majestic man disappoints in inter dominion heat at bathurst 20211202
Harness NSW
New trotting star emerges after Majestic flop
Majestic Man could only manage sixth at Bathurst on Wednesday night. Picture: Club Menangle
02:16am • 02 December 2021
The gruelling, unforgiving nature of the Inter Dominion may have claimed another high-profile scalp.
The next 24 hours will decide whether long-time trotting series favourite, Kiwi raider Majestic Man, can continue his NSW Inter Dominion campaign.
He was a commanding favourite for the final after winning, albeit unimpressively on night one, but it all came crashing down when he led and stopped badly when beaten almost 40m in sixth spot as a $1.35 favourite on night two at Bathurst on Wednesday night behind series revelation Timothy Red.
"He just never felt himself at any stage last night," champion trainer-driver Anthony Butt said. "Even behind the gate, he felt flat. He usually flies away from the mobile, but he made hard work of it. I knew in the run we were in trouble."
Majestic Man was beaten before the home turn and the five horses he beat home all galloped and lost ground at valuable stages.
"He pulled up with an elevated heart rate and it stayed up for a while after the race, so there was something not right. We knew that anyway because the run was too bad to be true."
Butt said the multiple Group 1 winner seemed bright this morning, but the key was an exhaustive veterinary inspection on Thursday.
"We'll go right over him. Have him scoped, bloods taken and see what they show," he said. "We won't get the bloods back until late tonight or tomorrow so we can't really plan anything until then.
"We don't have a lot of time to play with given the next round of heats are Sunday."
Timothy Red has been a surprise during the Inter Dominion. Picture: Club Menangle
The Inter Dominion is a series like no other with all horses required to contest three qualifying heats in the first eight days before the grand final just six days later.
It's not the best horse, but the most durable and toughest who is able to get through the four runs and win the final.
The pacing series has been far less dramatic with Team McCarthy dominating like no stable in the history of the Inter Dominion, which dates back to 1936.
Despite having just four horses in the pacing series, Team McCarthy's troops have posted five wins and three seconds from their combined eight starts across the six heats so far.
And they dominate final betting with the top three in the market, King Of Swing ($2.30), Expensive Ego ($2.80) and Spirit Of St Louis ($10). Even their outsider, Alta Orlando, is still seventh in betting at $21.
Big guns King Of Swing and Expensive Ego remained unbeaten through the heats with stunning wins at Bathurst last night.
Expensive Ego did a power of work and still smashed the track record by 1.5sec with a 1min 50.6sec mile rate over 1730m.
King Of Swing had to pull out all stops, but did so in a near career-best effort to gun-down renowned speedster and leader Boncel Benjamin in a 1min 51sec mile rate.
"They are just head and shoulders above the rest," co-trainer and driver Luke McCarthy so accurately said.
The Inter Dominion qualifiers conclude at Newcastle over 2040m on Sunday night with the grand finals for pacers and trotters at Menangle on Saturday week.


We are in ongoing exploration of the advantages leading self-publishing options offered for publishing authors. Collectively, what are the advantages of self-publishing in general over the long established alternative? Here are some hard facts on Traditional publishing.
7 – Traditional publishers lose money on over 85% of the books they publish, so they only accept 2% of those that are submitted.
6 – They typically accept manuscripts only from established authors who have demonstrated a proven track record.
5 – Authors lose all control of their content during the editing process.
4 – Authors must still invest an enormous amount of time, energy, and money promoting a traditionally-published book.
3- Authors typically receive 5-10% royalty on the wholesale price of the book, and from that have to give 15-25% to their agent. Do the math.
2 – The majority of books published by old-fashioned publishers go out of print within 3 years. Many books that are stocked on book shelves remain stocked for as little as five weeks before being returned, unsold, to the publisher.
1- Old-fashioned publishers acquire all rights to your book and keep them, even when the book goes out of print or the publisher goes out of business!
A high percentage of unmet advances also equals a slippage in the market, and publishers have to maintain intense competition with each other in order to attract that small number of well-performing authors who do make back their advances, and in so doing make a profit for the publisher as well. Lose a couple of big-name authors because their reputation is slipping, and the rest might flee as well … and the publishing house go under.
So it's not data that publishers really want to broadcast.
All of this to say, publishers do indeed prefer established authors who have proven track records as blockbuster bestsellers, and newer or more typically performing ("midlist") authors are left to struggle along with substandard marketing and promotional help, because the publisher doesn't believe investing more will pay off. These midlist authors must carry the burden of self-promotion themselves, even if they supposedly have the might and muscle of a major publishing house behind them. Only the guaranteed successes are guaranteed significant assistance, and there are very few guaranteed successes, aren't there?
Control will always be an issue. Perhaps you might consider giving up control, if you knew that you were putting your book into good hands of great skill and leaving your book with a team who really had its best interests at heart. But publishing houses aren't like that; they have to think about the bottom line at all times, because the industry is so competitive and they're so often at risk of losing everything. So they make the call on your book cover, maybe even your book title, and on all sorts of marketing and promotional decisions which you may or may not agree with in the first place–because they have to keep the machine moving, and the assembly line in motion.
You might have guessed the preferable option, seeing as how we're a blog about self-publishing. But we don't just have a vested interest; we want to lay out all the options, with all the facts, so that you can choose the one best suited to you. And if you know your book is a guaranteed blockbuster success, then traditional publishing may well be a good route for you! But if you're publishing a book with narrower appeal, maybe more specialized material, or with the goal of reaching a certain fandom–well, self-publishing is an effective and efficient way of doing that, while ensuring you retain full creative control.
Are there differences between the track records of traditional publishing and self-publishing in regards to diversity, and why or why not?
As MediaShift's correspondent Miral Sattar notes in her excellent article for PBS, diversity has always had a little bit more of a foothold in the world of self-publishing than it has elsewhere. In large part, this can be traced back to the blue-collar, anti-establishmentarian streak that gave rise to the self-publishing industry in the first place. Wanting to place profits in the hand of an individual author as opposed to a company or a collective? When it comes to books, that's a radical idea. Wanting control over the entire authorial, publishing, and marketing process? That, too, falls outside the established framework provided by traditional publishing. All of this independent thinking and hungering after self-realization has led to an environment that fosters rebels and self-starters and free-thinkers and otherwise marginalized peoples. That includes, of course, people of diverse origins, pursuits, and identities.
In her article, Sattar mentions a whole host of self-published authors, including CJ Lyons, Orna Ross, Lara Nance, HM Ward, Kailin Gow, Margarita Matos, Abdul Qayum Safi, Lozetta Hayden, Manuela Pentagelo, Tejas Desai, and Aleysha Proctor. And these are just a very few of a very great many self-published authors currently putting their books out there. There are others: Mary Sisney, Liz Castro, Nadeem Aslam, Johnny Townsend, Qasim Rashid, and so, so many more. The fact is, if you want to publish something that the mainstream publishing industry isn't prepared to market, and which isn't angling to be a blockbuster seller, then the generous spirit of the self-publishing world is always waiting. We live in a day and age, thankfully, when the self-published book is no longer synonymous with "I'm selling this out of the trunk of my car" (although that may still be the case), and with a whole host of resources out there, from internet forums to hybrid publishing firms, the self-publishing author can count on sending a high-quality–if radically counter-cultural–product out there into the world.
Why does diverse representation in literature and the industry matter? Why should we authors and readers and (self-)publishers care?
This fourth question is, in some ways, a much harder one to answer. As with many things in life, it might seem easy to fall back on a rote answer (you either do or you don't), or to fall into the trap of trying to heavy-handedly preach readers into one perspective or another (because I said so!). The fact of the matter is, caring about something as radically life-changing as diversity and representation is more than just a private act, but it's also something you can't just tell people to do.
When someone leans in over the dinner table and asks me why they should care about diversity–as has happened fairly often this last year–I fall back on a whole retinue of explanations: the statistics about social stratification and advancement or regression, the ethical and moral ground upon which we build healthy and just societies, and the anecdotes of people I know who have found themselves on the wrong side of the line when it comes to representation. And of all of these arguments, the most effective one is, appropriately enough, one that requires a little imagination.
Imagine you are a child, any child who doesn't look like a descendant of a hundred Caucasian family trees, who maybe doesn't tip the scale quite to quite the same number as any of a thousand Disney Channel stars, who maybe comes from a faith background or an ethnic background that isn't mainstream Christianity or undecided, who maybe has physical or emotional disabilities, who maybe identifies as something other than cisgendered or "straight" or is questioning their identity, who maybe comes from a dysfunctional family or society. Imagine you have any one of these attributes, or a whole heady cocktail of them, and ask yourself this question: Have you seen yourself in a popular book lately? How about on TV or in a movie–as the main character? Have you seen yourself anywhere but in the bathroom mirror and have you seen yourself compassionately rendered there?
I remember the first time I found myself in a book, the first time I encountered a character who looked and felt and acted and believed like me. It was absolutely, entirely, 100% life-changing.
Why should we care about diversity in publishing and self-publishing? Because we want our children to grow up knowing that they don't have to live in the shadows. That they are lovable and loved. That they don't need to bleach their skin or get rid of their accent or faith or private struggles in order to be a whole human being.
Explaining to a child who has never seen a familiar face or life story told on television or in books or in music why they've never seen that story is absolutely heartbreaking, not to mention difficult. One hopes that we don't have to end that conversation with "…and it looks like it's going to stay that way for a while." One hopes we can end that conversation with: "But see? We've made progress, and here is a whole host of stories to get you started." Others have put together powerful arguments why diversity in publishing (of any kind) is important, too, so I think there's a lot of hope we'll see change within our lifetimes.
These thoughts barely scratch the surface of these questions, much less the conversation as a whole. As I continue pondering how to go about touching on the other questions I posed two weeks ago, please drop me a line in the comments section below with your own thoughts or suggestions! And of course, check back next week as we explore still more of this complicated tangle!
What do you need to know about diversity in self-publishing?
The matter of diversity in the book industry, particularly in the arena of traditional publishing, has been discussed by many fine people in many fine articles. (You'll find a few of them here, here, and here.) But what about self-publishing? I'm not going to lie: even with a somewhat narrower gaze, there's still a lot to take in––and a lot of opinions to consider, agendas to juggle, and complications to navigate. But this is February––and therefore, this is officially Black History Month. It is a month where we pay our respects to the pioneers of the Civil Rights Movement (or movements), and pay close(r) attention to the justices and injustices enacted within the United States.* It is right and good that we turn that same lens on the self-publishing industry that we know and love.
But how do we even begin this conversation? First, we have to start asking the right questions. Mine are by no means going to be the only ones worth hearing, or worth answering. Which is why right now––right now––I'd like to open the floor (or rather, the comments box) to you, our dear readers. Pose a question, or two, or three, connected to this issue of diversity in self-publishing, and I will pull together a few voices that (hopefully) speak to them.
Broad brush strokes: What's the track record of diversity in publishing?
Are there differences, and why or why not?
What could healthy diversity actually look like?
Who benefits from diverse representation, and who benefits from a lack thereof?
Should we make it happen?
In what ways can diversity be both a selling point and a barrier to new readers discovering our work? And how can we take advantage of the former while overcoming the latter?
Maybe we can answer all of these questions quickly and easily, but my gut instinct is that easy isn't a word we can throw around when it comes to fair representation of any kind. But this, too, is fitting: Black History Month started as a single week (the second week of February) and has happily spread to take up more of our year, and also, more of our hearts and minds. Maybe one day we will be able to say with perfect sincerity and disingenuity that every week, and every month, and every year is packed with conversations in which diverse voices are heard.
* It is worth noting that the USA is not the only nation to celebrate Black History Month––it is officially recognized in both the United Kingdom (UK) and in Canada, and is celebrated unofficially in many other nations and communities.
If you have any comments, reflections, or suggestions, I'd love to hear them. Drop me a line in the comments box, and watch this space on Wednesdays in 2015!
In this Publisher's Weekly article, indie pioneer M.C.A. Hogarth shares her self-publishing journey and looks to the future of self-publishing. This is a fascinating read for all writers.
This article reveals how indie authors can turn that discouraging "no customer reviews yet" message into a smattering of star ratings and commentary. This is a must read for self-publishing authors.
This visual aid is an excellent resource for writers wondering whether self-publishing is right for them. It walks you through questions about your personal goals and beliefs to decide which type of publisher is best for you. While I still recommend doing more research when choosing a publisher, this is a great tool to help you learn about which choice might be a good match for you.
Whether you are a novice writer, experienced writer, self-publishing writer, or dreaming of seeing your name on the cover of your book—and haven't ever submitted a manuscript, anywhere—there is one central piece of advice I was given that I share with you today: NEVER QUIT!
Years ago, when I jumped in to an unexpected teaching position—with both feet and knees knocking—my daughter gave me a poster for my classroom. In big, bold, bright-colored lettering it read: NEVER NEVER NEVER Quit! The miracle of learning comes when you least expect it. The truth of that statement played out many times, and since then, I have translated it into my personal pep-talks when I'm struggling with a writing project.
Ever read any of the stats about famous writers? Mystery writer Agatha Christie had no formal education yet taught herself to read and eventually wrote at least 66 novels plus numerous short stories, and even movies. John Grisham's first novel was rejected 25 times. Frank Herbert's science fiction novel Dune was rejected 20 times. Even Stephen King received more rejection letters than he cares to remember. And, it has even been documented that Rudyard Kipling received a rejection letter stating: I'm sorry Mr. Kipling, but you just don't know how to use the English language. J.K. Rowling, author of the Harry Potter sagas, was turned away by 12 publishers only to be "discovered" by a very small publishing press.
Listen to your supporters! Family, friends and other writers from your writing group who know your work and appreciate the story you've created can offer you the emotional support you'll need before you publish and after you publish.Do you read the comics? Remember when Charlie Brown was trying to kick a football and kept missing? His good friend, Lucy, held the ball for him so that his perspective changed—just a bit—which helped him succeed.
Go to your first outlines and take note of the excellence in your writing! Yes, it really is okay to acknowledge that what you've created is well done!
Review the research. If your project is based on a true story, maybe (just maybe) something slipped between the drafts. Then you can enjoy the satisfaction of enhancing the material—on your own—so that you can present the best manuscript.
Re-think your publishing concepts. If the general, mainstream publishers just don't "get" what you're writing, then look to the self-publishing presses. Children's author, Beatrix Potter was not able to find a conventional publisher who would accept The Tale of Peter Rabbit. She did not give up. She self-published!
Someone once told me that "an apparent failure is only an opportunity to begin again; pray, reset, restart, refocus and succeed." I haven't counted the numerous times this has happened in my writing life; however, I can tell you that I've never been happier with this gift of writing that keeps my fingers typing. May you feel this satisfying enjoyment, too.
1) Vision: When you (the author) have formulated your core statement about your book—what it is, what it brings to the reader—does the person you're interviewing share that vision? Both you and your teammate should see that picture; have that same goal.
2) Adaptability: Some authors think they want a "helper" who will enhance their book by following the manuscript "exactly" as the author has written it. That is every author's decision to make; however, they should not waste their money hiring a true ghostwriter. Employ the Editor who will correct grammar, punctuation, sentence structure; without creative input.
However, the author who wants to explore enhancing their manuscript will be as adaptable and flexible as the ghostwriter they hire. Their manuscript may, indeed, end up being very close to the original—or—very different with improved plot, character, setting (research required) elements that bring out the author's inspired ideas. This is especially true for authors in the Inspirational genre: fiction and non-fiction.
3) Passion: Both author and ghostwriter must share a passion for the subject matter of the manuscript. Every book on every bookshelf was written to "tell something important." If the level of commitment is weak, so will be the finished product.
These three criteria also hold true after you've written the words: THE END. Then the search begins for the right publisher. Notice I've used the word right. From my personal perspective I see too many authors open that door of "hope-they-will-accept-it," then send out multiple queries to the "big" houses—and wait. If you know that your book is ready to meet its readers, then step up and employ the best self-publishing company you can find.
There are several quality self-publishers out there (and some not so great); however, this is where you'll use the same criteria that I've outlined in this and last Friday's blog. The self-publishing staff will become your book-making-crew—the cameraman, format editor, printer, marketing director.
Talk with them and ask for referrals from their published list. Search their bookstore for two or three books in your genre, then ask for referral/contact information for those authors.
LOOK at the books they've printed—either at the bookstore or on the Internet.
Compare their publishing packages. This is a competitive business, so don't be swayed by the first dollar-difference you see between companies.
LISTEN to the Author Representatives. It won't take you long to discern whether they have a true passion for their work (helping authors like you)—or not.
Bottom line: As the author, you are creating an alliance of experts dthat starts with you and ends when you hold your finished book in your hands. "Two are better than one;" and a team that brings all their talents and skills together to produce your book is best.


text:
Trial makes thyroid cancer treatment safer and shorter
Patients currently have surgery to remove the entire thyroid gland. A few weeks later they take a capsule containing radioactive iodine which destroys any remaining healthy thyroid gland tissue and any potential cancer cells. Improvements in surgery mean more of the thyroid gland is removed during the operation, leaving fewer remaining cells to be 'mopped up' – so lower radiation doses are adequate and equally effective.
The HiLo trial of 438 patients at hospitals across the UK, led by researchers at UCL's Cancer Institute, showed that giving selected patients a much lower dose of radioactive iodine* in a single oral capsule delivers similar treatment success to the current higher dose – destroying all thyroid gland cells remaining after surgery, with fewer side effects
HiLo is a seminal trial that will affect how most thyroid cancer patients will be treated… Future patients will have a shorter and safer treatment.
Professor Allan Hackshaw, CRUK-UCL Cancer Trials Centre
The higher doses of radioactive iodine previously thought necessary meant that patients had to stay in a hospital isolation unit for at least two days while the radiation left their bodies, without physical contact from family and friends. These high doses could have several side effects – the more serious of which occur later in life, such as a permanent dry mouth, and a small chance that a new cancer will develop.
However, patients taking the lower dose capsule can be treated as an outpatient. The process is easier, quicker (hours, rather than days), and patients experience fewer side effects.
The thyroid gland makes and releases hormones. After it is removed patients require thyroid hormone tablets for the rest of their lives. Radioactive iodine works best when patients stop taking thyroid hormone tablets two to four weeks beforehand, but this leads to side effects such as lethargy, fatigue and weight gain, reducing patients' quality of life and their ability to function at home and at work.
A secondary finding of the HiLo study is that patients can avoid these symptoms if they continue to take thyroid hormone tablets and are also given an injection of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (Thyrogen) just before they take the low dose radioactive iodine.
"HiLo is a seminal trial that will affect how most thyroid cancer patients will be treated," says Professor Allan Hackshaw, a senior author of the paper and leader of the HiLo trial at the CRUK-UCL Cancer Trials Centre. "Health professionals have waited several decades for reliable research to show that a lower dose of radioactive iodine can be used instead of the standard high dose. Future patients will thus have a shorter and safer treatment"
Lead study author, Dr Ujjal Mallick, at the Freeman Hospital in Newcastle, says: "We're delighted that this study of thyroid cancer will change international approaches to treat the disease more safely, by reducing the chance of another cancer developing later in life and other side effects.
"Patients will have a much better quality of life. They'll be treated much more quickly, which will keep the disruption to their lives to a minimum, as well as saving the NHS money."
Kate Law, director of clinical research at Cancer Research UK, says: "This pivotal study – which is the first for thyroid cancer in the UK – heralds a vastly improved treatment for the disease.
"Being treated as an outpatient means that patients should be able to be in their home surroundings on the same day as the treatment. The lower dose of radiation and thyrogen will help them carry on with their lives as usual at work or at home without requiring several days to recover.
"More than 2,100 people are diagnosed with thyroid cancer in the UK every year** – and it has the fastest rising incidence rate of the most common cancers in the UK***. We're continuously striving to improve common treatments and reduce side-effects for this type of cancer."
*The low dose was 1.1GBq compared with the previous higher dose of 3.7GBq. GBq is the symbol for the gigabecquerel unit of radioactivity. The patients were recruited between 2007 and 2010.
**Annual average incidence 2006-2008
***All Cancers Excl. Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer (C00-C97 excl. C44) European age-standardised three year average incidence rates between 1993-1995 and 2006-2008.


shows a *Async Shell Command* buffer with apparent random content.
which looks like random to me.
"start-process" directly instead of shell-command.
(defun yf/keep-stats (process change) "Used as sentinel"
(defun yf/pp-hash-table (hashtable) "Pretty print hash table"
(defun yf/pp-hash--line (key value) "Pretty print one hash line"


text:
The Fosters: Spoilers for the First Three Episodes
by Shilo Adams May 28, 2013 6:56 pm 639 views0
Lena and Stef have three kids, two jobs, and a whole lot of complications in their atypical family life. The couple, who have adopted twins and a biological child between them, seem to be stretched about as thin as they can go these days, but extenuating circumstances this season on The Fosters will force them to see just how much more they can bend before they break. Are Lena and Stef prepared for the possibility of raising another child? Or is their house as full as it can get, with a new addition likely forcing everyone to jockey for position and fend for themselves?
Listed below are the dates, titles, and descriptions of the first three episodes of The Fosters.
Monday, June 3rd – "Pilot"
The premiere episode of The Fosters follows a multi-ethnic family mix of foster and biological kids being raised by two moms. Stef Foster (Teri Polo), a dedicated police officer, and her partner Lena Adams (Sherri Saum), a school Vice Principal, have built a close-knit, loving family with Stef's biological son from a previous marriage, Brandon (David Lambert), and their adopted twins Mariana (Cierra Ramirez) and Jesus (Jake T. Austin). Their lives are disrupted in unexpected ways when Lena meets Callie (Maia Mitchell), a hardened teen with an abusive past who has spent her life in and out of foster homes. Lena and Stef warily welcome Callie into their home thinking it's just for a few weeks, until a more permanent placement can be found.
Callie is quick to observe that the Fosters are an atypical family, and her blunt commentary hits a nerve with Jesus and Mariana who are struggling with their own identities. The twins have the opportunity to meet their birth mother, but they aren't sure if they are emotionally ready, or if they want to share the experience with their adoptive moms. Callie also discovers that Mariana is harboring a secret that could land her in serious trouble.
Brandon, a talented musician with a kind soul, lends Callie a hand in navigating the classrooms and social scene at the Fosters' high school, Anchor Beach Community Charter School. He's faced with a tough decision when Callie decides to ditch school to reconnect with someone from her past. What happens next will determine if Stef and Lena made the right choice in taking a chance on Callie, and whether they have room in their home – and their hearts – for one more.
Monday, June 10th – "Consequently"
Lena and Stef decide to let Brandon off the hook for running off with Callie to rescue Jude, but Mike disagrees and tensions flare. Brandon ends up grounded, but he makes plans to sneak away to see Talya while her parents are out of town. Jesus stops taking his medication to cover for his twin sister and the pills she stole, but he becomes easily agitated and gets into a fight with another kid at school. When a student is discovered with the pills, Callie becomes an instant suspect, and Mariana struggles with her mounting guilt over letting someone else take the fall for her actions. Meanwhile, a secret romance blossoms between Jesus and Mariana's best friend, Lexi. The Fosters make arrangements at home to ensure that Callie and Jude are more comfortable, but sharing their space may prove difficult for the Foster teens.
Monday, June 17th – "Hostile Acts"
The Fosters cope with a crowded house but when Mike suggests that Brandon come live with him, Stef argues that it's not Brandon's decision, resulting in a heated argument with her son. Meanwhile, Lexi and Jesus resolve to end their budding relationship but find that their attraction to one another may be too hard to resist. Callie openly disapproves of Mariana letting Jesus take the fall for stealing his pills but when Timothy, Callie's teacher, gives her an assignment to write about guilt in a journal, it drudges up her own dark secrets and a mysterious name from her past.
The series premiere of The Fosters airs Monday, June 3rd at 9:00 on ABC following the series finale of The Secret Life of the American Teenager.
Will you be watching The Fosters this summer? How do you think the first three episodes sound? Is the show going to pair well with Switched at Birth?
Orphan Black Season Finale Preview: Something's Wrong with Cosima
Defiance 1.07 Preview: A Razor Rain Storm is Coming
The Fosters / by Shilo Adams - September 15, 2014 6:48 pm
The Fosters Season 2: Alberto De Diego to Recur
TVLine is reporting that Alberto De Diego (Major Crimes) is slated to recur on the second half of The Fosters' second season. He'll be playing Rafael, the program director at a…
The Fosters / by Shilo Adams - August 16, 2014 12:12 pm
The Fosters 2.10 Sneak Peeks: Can Callie Help Girls United?
Though she's still unable to view herself as a success story, Callie wouldn't have made as progress as she has without her stint in Girls United. It might not have…
The Fosters / by Shilo Adams - August 9, 2014 2:26 pm
The Fosters 2.09 Sneak Peeks: Callie Backslides
During her visit to Girls United, Callie was reminded of just how much progress she had made since her time in the group home. She might not be aware of it and…
The Fosters Season 2 Summer Finale Spoilers: Lena Makes a Big Decision
Lena's soft heart is the reason that Brandon came to her instead of Stef to confess what happened with Dani; in fact, it's the reason that she has five kids to…


For the first time, more solar than wind was installed in 2013 – 38.6 gigawatts versus 30.6 gigawatts. Solar also retained the highest share of investment at USD 114 billion in contrast to USD 80 billion for wind. All other renewables lagged far behind, but there was a 72-percent rise in electric car sales.
Last year was another record-breaking year for photovoltaic (PV) installations, with nearly 39 gigawatts (GW)-of new capacity produced – some 8 GW more than in 2012. PV's biggest market, China, saw around 9 GW installed in the fourth quarter of 2013 alone. The last-minute rush was sparked by the reduction on 1 January 2014 in the feed-in tariff for large grid-connected projects from CNY 1 (USD 0.16) to CNY 0.9 (USD 0.15) per kilowatt-hour.
State support for solar projects has helped to end the two-year slump for PV manufacturers, which are generally now seeing rising profitability. On 3 March, Jinko Solar Holding Co. posted its highest quarterly earnings in almost three years, with net income in the fourth quarter of 2013 of CNY 164.3 million (USD 26.7 million) compared with a loss of CNY 761.1 million in the last quarter of 2012. Though Trina Solar Ltd.'s results for the last quarter of 2013 were generally comparable to those for the third quarter, China's second-largest PV panel maker had a significantly better year overall compared with 2012, reporting a 281-percent increase in gross profit to USD 218 million, although its earnings per share were still negative, with a loss of USD 1.09 in 2013 – compared with a larger deficit of USD 3.77 a year earlier.
Technology Co. failed to pay the full interest due on onshore bonds, becoming the first firm to default in China. Chaori Solar ran into trouble because it expanded into building solar farms to produce power – rather than only concentrating on manufacturing PV products – according to Bloomberg New Energy Finance.
This is an abridged version of the article – the full text is available in new energy issue 03/2014.


SPRINGFIELD - Although Governor Pat Quinn started his 2014 State of the Budget speech boasting that Illinois was in the best financial condition it had been in during the last five years, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics released figures Friday showing a somewhat different picture.
According to the report, Illinois' unemployment is second highest in the nation at 8.7 percent. Only Rhode Island is worst, at 9.0 percent.


Luanda — The Angolan Minister of Fisheries and the Sea, Maria Antonieta Baptista, reaffirmed Tuesday in the Kingdom of Morocco the commitment of Angola to promote the blue economy.
Along with the blue economy, Angola is working to counteract the harmful effects of climate change, creating conditions to safeguard human health, preservation of the environment and development of the economy.
The minister spoke during a high-level conference held in the city of Agadir under the theme "The Blue Belt, an action platform to promote the sustainability of fisheries and aquaculture in Africa.
"During her speech, Maria Antonieta Baptista stressed that "the sustainability of the seas and oceans depends on a multiple, inclusive, integrated and global approach in which the various stakeholders must create synergies and demonstrate territorial competitiveness in order to establish a balance between exploitation and the conservation of the seas and oceans.
"The Blue Belt initiative aims to boost sustainable fisheries and strengthen coastal resilience to climate change, ensure food security for the peoples of Africa, create more jobs and generate wealth.


I bet Llewellyn will either be screaming like a girl or trying to eat her when he sees the armor.
I bet Llewellyn will either be screaming like a little girl or trying to eat her when he sees the armor.
You know you've made yourself vulnerable when Ozy is considering a prank on you.
Falling over in those suits must really have been a problem.
It was, but not for the reason you are thinking of. Outside battle, it was seldom a problem for a knight who fell over in armour to get back up- both because the weight of the armour was spread over their entire body, and because it wasn't THAT heavy- it weighed between 15-25 kilos, so about the same as your baggage allowance when you fly with most airlines. However, armour does restrict your movements- especially if you don't have a custom-made set, which most knights had.
However, the reason why it was a problem in battle is that a knight that had fallen over was pretty much defenseless- which was usually exploited by whoever had managed to make them fall to either force a surrender, or to kill said knight. (they preferred to get the knight to surrender since they could demand a ransom- which could get pretty large (the ransom for Richard the Lionheart was something like 2-3 times England's income at the time- and there was never any suggestion that it was excessively large.


text:
NOWCAST WJCL 22 News at 6am
Obama administration provides millions to fight opioid abuse
$53 million being sent to 44 states
Aixa Diaz
Washington Bureau Reporter
The Department of Health and Human Services said $53 million is being distributed to 44 states to fight opioid abuse. The money will be used to improve access to treatment and to reduce the over-prescription of pain killers. The government also hopes to lessen the number of drug-related deaths by making an overdose reversal drug more widely available. The Obama administration said Congress will also need to do its part and approve $1.1 billion to fund the fight. Congress recently approved more than $180 million in new spending, but the Obama administration said it didn't do enough to expand treatment.
The Department of Health and Human Services said $53 million is being distributed to 44 states to fight opioid abuse.
The money will be used to improve access to treatment and to reduce the over-prescription of pain killers.
Drugmakers fought state opioid limits amid crisis
The government also hopes to lessen the number of drug-related deaths by making an overdose reversal drug more widely available.
The Obama administration said Congress will also need to do its part and approve $1.1 billion to fund the fight.
Congress recently approved more than $180 million in new spending, but the Obama administration said it didn't do enough to expand treatment.


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