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A Unique Birthday Gift
Manav was overjoyed to receive lots of presents on his birthday. The first present was from his parents. It was an action figure that he had been asking them for. Manav was elated. Next, he opened a small packet from Grandpa.
Manav was eagerly looking forward to his birthday, and more so, the presents. For his previous birthday, his grandfather had gifted him a remote-controlled bike and his parents had bought him a video game. He loved them both. He also received several toys from his friends and family.
"I wish I could celebrate my birthday twice in a year. That way, I would get twice as many gifts!" Manav told his parents.
There was a whole week to go before his birthday, but Manav could not contain his excitement.
"Grandpa! What are you going to gift me this time?" he asked eagerly.
"You will have to wait till your birthday to find out," said Grandpa smiling.
On the day of his birthday, Manav woke up early in the morning and was greeted by his parents and grandfather. He then rushed to get ready for school, as he was eager to distribute his favourite chocolates among his friends and teachers.
That evening, all his friends and relatives gathered at his house for the birthday party.
Manav was overjoyed to receive lots of presents. Everyone had a good time playing games and dancing. After the cake-cutting, all the guests had dinner and left.
After the party, Manav was too tired to stay up and open his presents. So, after returning from school the next day, he sat down to open them straight away.
The first present was from his parents. It was an action figure that he had been asking them for. Manav was elated. Next, he opened a small packet from Grandpa.
"What's this, Grandpa?" he asked puzzled.
"It's a bank passbook. I have opened an account in your name," said Grandpa.
Manav was disappointed. "But what will I do with it?" he sulked.
"I know it is not what you expected for your birthday but I wanted you to start saving your money. That way, you'll be able to use it when the need arises," said Grandpa.
"I can use my piggy bank for that. What is the use of a bank account?" asked Manav.
"In a bank, your money will multiply as you earn interest on the money in your account. Right now, I have deposited Rs.1000 in your account. You can deposit the money you have received as birthday gifts and your pocket money in it. This amount will keep on increasing as the interest keeps getting added over time, unlike in a piggy bank," explained Grandpa. "I can take you to the bank tomorrow if you'd like to go and explain it all in detail."
Manav was curious to understand how a bank works, so he agreed.
Next day, Grandpa and Manav visited the bank in which Manav had his new savings account.
Grandpa taught Manav how to fill up a deposit form and deposit the money he had brought along at the counter. Then, he explained to Manav how to get the passbook updated with the entries of all the recent transaction.
This was Manav's first time at a bank. He felt quite proud of having made his first deposit. His parents had given his some money as well. So, his account balance was now Rs.2500.
"As you keep adding money into your account, you will have enough to buy that bicycle you have been asking your parents for," said Grandpa.
"You are right, Grandpa. I could buy a bicycle with my own money without troubling my parents!" said Manav excitedly. "But what does the bank benefit out of it?"
"The bank will use your money to loan it to others at a higher interest rate. That's how the banks make money. For example, if a bank pays you 2 percent interest on your deposit, it could charge 6 percent interest to the person borrowing money from the bank. This difference of 4 percent is what the bank will earn," explained Grandpa.
Manav listened intently as Grandpa continued to explain. "Besides offering loans, banks also charge a small fee for transferring funds from one account to another, exchanging currency and using their locker facilities," he said.
"I have learnt so much today, thanks to you, Grandpa! This is indeed the best birthday gift ever," said Manav, hugging his grandfather.
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Recovery Reports
Gray Wolf Recovery Status Reports, January 2003
From: Gray Wolf Recovery Coordinator, Helena, MT
DECEMBER 30-JANUARY 3, 2003
THE NRM WOLF POPULATION HAS ACHIEVED THE RECOVERY GOALS!! At this time our best rough guess/estimate of wolf numbers in late December 2002 indicates there were probably between 650 to 700 wolves in about 41 breeding pairs equitably distributed throughout Montana [about 120 wolves in 13 BP], Idaho [about 285 wolves in 10 BP], and Greater Yellowstone [270 wolves in 18 BP]. 2002 is the third year that the wolf population in the northern Rocky Mountains has had 30 or more breeding pairs, meaning the wolf population has achieved the numerical and distributional recovery goals. Wolves can be proposed to be delisted once adequate state wolf management plans and state laws are in place in MT, ID, and WY. Final numbers are being tallied and will appear in the 2002 annual wolf report that should be completed by early February 2003.....Winter wolf helicopter capture efforts to radio-collar wolves as part of the wolf monitoring program was scheduled to began in the Yellowstone area on the 2nd. It will be ongoing this winter. So far high winds have prevented any capture attempts.....Former alpha male #2, one of the original reintroduced wolves, was killed by other wolves, likely the Geode pack. Male #2 was replaced as the Leopold alpha male this fall and has been traveling either alone or with up to 4 black wolves since being displaced as alpha. Interestingly, the Geode pack killed the Leopold alpha female this summer.
A male border collie was severely mauled on private land on December 20th. Three dogs were chased but an estimated 3 or so wolves and only the collie was caught. It survived the attack that occurred in the Buffalo Valley near Jackson, WY. The Teton pack travels in this area and several of the pack's yearling appear to be splitting off as a separate group but it is uncertain whther it was Teton wolves. Defenders has been contacted regarding possible compensation for veterinarian bills.....A calf was killed by wolves near Pinedale, WY on private land on the 2nd. WS confirmed several wolves were involved and local residents have reported seeing up to 6 wolves recently. Suspicions are that a group from the Teton pack may and split off. A tracking flight will be conducted as soon as possible, and lethal control may be implemented since Teton wolves have been involved in several previous cattle depredations.....On the 2nd, Wildlife Service confirmed that a calf had to be euthanized after it was severely injured by an apparently lone wolf on private land about 6 miles west of Clark Canyon Reservoir, south of Dillon, MT. An unradioed lone gray wolf was seen in that area around Thanksgiving feeding on gut piles from hunter-killed elk.. If a wolf is trapped in that area it maybe radio-collared and released to see if any other wolves are involved.
Information and education and law enforcement
An uncollared wolf-like canid was reported found dead along Highway 12 near Syringa, ID on the 23rd. The carcass was collected and its origin and death are being investigated.
Winter wolf helicopter capture efforts to radio-collar wolves were conducted in the Yellowstone area on the 7th-9th. Thirteen wolves from 7 packs [Leopold-4, Swan lake-3, Agate-2, Canyon Creek-1, Druid-1, Geode-1, and 261's group-1] were collared. Three wolves were fitted with GPS collars. Further capture will be conducted this winter. High winds and the lack of sow that moved wolves into the higher mountains and forest prevented capture attempts in the Paradise Valley.....The 20-some member Nez Perce pack, with 6 radioed members, hasn't been found since mid-December despite extensive aerial and ground searches. Anyone seeing new wolf pack activity within a hundred miles of Yellowstone Park is asked to call us as-soon-as possible. We are continuing to search for them. Last year they traveled into SE Idaho.....On Jan. 7-10, Niemeyer, Williamson (WS), Holyan (NPT), John Aldous (rancher) and Mike Richey (outfitter) snowmobiled to several locations in Lemhi and Custer Counties to check out wolf activity and reports of packs. They checked out an elk kill site about 30 miles north of Salmon that turned out to be made by remnants of the Jureano pack (radio signal). They located a new Moyer Basin pack on the back of Morgan Creek summit. Ten to eleven wolves crossed the Morgan Creek Road and left clear tracks in the snow. No radio-collars were in this area. From Jan 18-24, Idaho is planning a winter helicopter darting capture effort. Conditions look poor due to lack of snow and pack sizes seem to be small but they'll give it their best effort....Nine breeding pairs and 47 pups were documented in Idaho in 2002 compared to 14 breeding pairs and 82 pups in 2001. While part of this decline is due to the difficulty of radio-collaring and counting wolves in Idaho's rugged terrain, it also appears some of the wolf packs are in a state of flux. In Yellowstone pack trespasses have resulted in increased conflicts and wolf mortality. As in Yellowstone it is possible that with possible prey declines, wolves have exceeded their own social tolerance and will be limiting themselves in the core recovery areas by inter-pack strife and increasing dispersal.....A group of 4 gray wolves, thought to include 2 pups, with a dispersing radioed male was seen in the Taylor Fork drainage. We will attempt to put another radio in the group if conditions permit. A small group(s?) of wolves continues to be reported on the Fly D ranch SW of Bozeman. Around Thanksgiving Asher confirmed sightings of at least 4 including one pup along the Spanish Peaks Rd. No radioed wolves are known to be in that area.
A calf was killed by wolves near Pinedale, WY on private land on the 2nd. WS confirmed several wolves were involved and local residents have reported seeing up to 6 wolves. Radio tracking confirmed that a sub-group from the Teton pack was responsible. Teton wolves have been involved in 4 previous cattle depredations. Two uncollared wolves from the group were shot on the 9th. The other wolves are still moving around and we are attempting to monitor them.....Fontaine and Asher met with landowners in the Paradise Valley where sheep had been killed by members of the Mill Creek pack. The landowner whose sheep were killed still has a shoot on sight permit. Asher removed fladry from the fence on the 11th, and the sheep are being night-pastured in smaller enclosure. Defenders is considering helping with more secure fencing. Wildlife Services is still trapping in the area in an attempt to radio-collar a wolf from the subgroup. The alpha female is the only radioed pack member and it appears that she was not involved in the sheep depredations and is consistently located high the in mountains.....Nineteen sheep were killed NW of Harloton last week and 3 days later 15 more were killed a few miles away. Wildlife Services investigation concluded that they may have been attacked by a wolf because of multiple bites along the back and neck. No wolves are known to be in that area but WS is looking for sign. As a precaution WS pulled M-44 devices in the immediate area where the sheep were killed but may reset them if no confirmation of wolf activity can be located. The Service recommended they not pull further M-44's in the surrounding area unless some confirmed wolf activity was detected. WS will notify the Service if wolf is thought to be a residing in that area. WS authorized to remove a wolf if one was found among the 7,500 sheep in that general area.....An adult cow was half consumed near where a wolf was mistaken for a coyote and killed this fall on the Flathead Reservation. The local rancher believes 3 wolves are still in that area. WS investigated and couldn't find tracks or other wolf sign because of the terrain and lack of snow but the feeding pattern indicates it is a probable/possible wolf kill. WS may attempt to dart, radio-collar a pack member if wolves continue to feed on the carcass. The tribe set up a remote camera on the carcass but hasn't gotten anything but cow photos so far. On the 17th, WS was controlling coyotes on a neighboring ranch and found another 2-3 day-old dead cow, this one a confirmed wolf kill, which makes the first one a confirmed loss also. Control options are being discussed.....On January 9th WS investigated reports of a suspected sheep depredation near Bliss, Idaho, but no wolf sign was observed. On the 10th, WS investigated a report of wolves harassing livestock on private property near Challis, ID. No wolves were observed or livestock lost but this is by areas commonly used by the Buffalo Ridge pack.
Northern Range elk population counts were conducted in December by the National Park Service and Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks. The recently complied count data indicate that 9,215 elk were present. Biologists believed the count could have been an under estimate because of spotty snow cover. But, this is first time the elk population was estimated to be below 10,000 elk since 1994, when 9,456 elk were counted. Drought, wolf and other predation, and winter antlerless hunts all are believed to have contributed to reducing herd size. As a result hunting permits have been reduce from 3,000 annually to 2,200 this year. At the end of February the annual calf/calf count will be conducted. Last year's 14 calves/100 cows was the lowest on record.
Service LE is currently investigating 6 wolf mortalities that have occurred since November. Wolf B134 is a suspected illegal mortality and a reward is being offered. B67 was recovered in the Bitterroot Valley and under investigation. Collars of the suspected alpha male of the Wolf Fang pack, male B133, female B100 [Big hole area], are on mortality and being investigated. The carcass of an uncollared wolf was recovered along the Lochsa River.....Smith did a CNN interview on the 17th and public domain video footage was taken [thanks Bill Campbell!] during helicopter darting/handling in Yellowstone the 7-9th. Bangs was interviewed for Paris radio on the 16th, and did several interviews for NW U.S. newspapers on meeting the wolf recovery goals and state wolf planning efforts.
Interagency Wolf Management Meeting Notes
Thursday 19th 1-5 PM
Friday 20th 8am-12 PM
Introductions and Reclassification-
Welcome- Bangs thanked everyone for coming. The final reclassification rule is in D.C for final review by the DOI. Several last minute issues/concerns were resolved in mid-Dec and the expected publication date is February 2003. The final rule will downlist wolves to threatened status and those wolves will be managed much as the experimental population wolves are currently being managed. The experimental population regulations and areas will remain. The needed 4d rules for threatened wolves will address many of the concerns of the states adjacent to Montana, Idaho, and Wyoming. How the rules would affect wolves dispersing into OR, UT or states adjacent to MT, ID, and WY was briefly discussed.
State Management Plans-
Montana- Carolyn Sime discussed the status of Montana's state planing effort. Montana has a state law, the Montana Environmental Policy Act, that requires that a full review of a proposed significant state action be analyzed and public input be gathered. The state is preparing an environmental impact statement. The draft MEPA document will be released for public comment soon and the state expects that their analysis will be completed by May 2003.
Idaho-Carter Niemeyer and Steve Nadeau commented that the Idaho state wolf plan framework had been completed but the operational plan had not been developed. Idaho F&G would be completing that effort within the next year. There was some discussion whether the Service would require the operational plan before delisting could proceed but Bangs thought that would not be necessary since the law simply requires that adequate regulatory mechanisms would prevent wolves form being threatened again and re-listed.
Wyoming-Moody, Kruckenburg, Jimenez, Bangs discussed Wyoming's efforts to develop a state wolf management plan. The WY F&G Commission gave the Department initial instructions to complete a plan with a preferred alternative that would not allow for the Service to proceed with a delisting proposal and received a letter fro the FWS Director stating so. It is important to remember that the WY plan is still a draft and is still being discussed/worked on. Public input is still being analyzed and at some point the WY legislature, which meets this winter, might change the current status of wolves in at least parts of Wyoming, from predators. The states of ID and MT are helping WY to complete a wolf plan that allows for delisting to proceed since the three states are all equally involved in wolf recovery, delisting, and post-delisting management. The ID and MT plans were developed with the assumption that each state would assume 1/3 of the level required to maintain a recovered wolf population. Wyoming continues to debate this issue and a final plan and any changes in state law are expected by April 2003. The Service continues to work closely with the state to resolve these issues and concerns.
Utah wolf dispersal-Oregon-What does it mean?- Bangs briefly discussed that such dispersal events were anticipated and the experimental population rules allow for Service management. Dispersers outside the experimental population areas will generally be left alone if they aren't causing problems but will be monitored either by the state, Wildlife Services, or possibly student or other volunteers. Wolves that cause problems will likely be killed. Wolves that are "in hand" for whatever reason may be returned to the nearest core wolf populaiton or let go on site, depending on case-by-case circumstances. In any regard the Service will closely coordinate with the affected states and tribes. The Service has no interest in actively pursuing wolf recovery anywhere in the NW U.S. outside of Montana, Idaho, or Wyoming.
Status– Meier passed out a draft tally of wolf monitoring information for 2002. The rough estimate for 2002 is as follows: NW MT- 116 wolves in 13 breeding pairs; GYA-280 wolves in 18 breeding pairs; and central Idaho- 285 wolves in 10 breeding pair. That is an estimate of 681 wolves in 41 breeding pairs, meaning the 3 year count down of 30 or more breeding pairs will be achieved on December 31, 2002. This draft information is being reviewed, double checked, and will be finalized as part of the 2002 annual report. There are no known wolf packs outside of Montana, Idaho, or Wyoming but it is almost certain lone wolves have dispersed into and may still reside in Washington, Oregon, Utah, and possibly Nevada, and Colorado.
Idaho-Mack, Wyoming-Jimenez, YNP-Smith, SW Montana-Asher, Fontaine, and NW Montana-Meier gave summaries of monitoring activities in each areas. Everyone pointed out that what was once a very good count of the actual wolf population is becoming more and more a rough estimate of wolf numbers and reproductive success. As the wolf population expanded in numbers and distribution the population estimate was more difficult to obtain. Also the old EIS definition of a breeding pair is no longer useful and extremely hard to obtain. That point is especially clear in central Idaho which has the most difficult access and wolf monitoring conditions. The estimate of wolves is up slightly and breeding pairs down, only because as the original reintroduced radioed collared wolves have either died or been replaced as alphas- meaning an increasing number of packs no longer have radioed adults- greatly complicating counting them. There were nearly as many packs/breeding pairs suspected but not confirmed as were confirmed as breeding pairs. Everyone generally agreed that monitoring efforts had to move away from the intensive radio-telemetry required for restoration and incorporate more routine standard practices. Telemetry would still be used for research, control, and other specific purposes but routine monitoring should be supplemented with snow tracking, agency observations, etc. The states indicated they expected to maintain some level of radio telemetry monitoring post-delisting, especially during the mandatory monitoring period. Maintaining intensive telemetry monitoring will require much more funding than is currently available.
Delisting Status-Bangs discussed that the Service and states are cooperating to prepare the delisting proposal. Recovery goals have been met and the delisting proposal will likely rest on the efforts of WY and MT to complete state wolf management plans that will pass professional peer review and the Service's responsibility to determine that regulations are adequate to prevent wolves from becoming threatened again should the ESA protections be removed. The Service is unlikely to propose a delisting if state plans are unlikely to pass peer review since the ultimate decision will be based on the best science and the court's ruling of whether the Service used that information to guide its ultimate decision.
Monitoring flights- Everyone seemed to agree that locating wolves every 10-14 days was generally good enough for monitoring issues.
Capture Operations- A discussion about the need to radio-collar wolves developed. Bangs generally felt that radio-telemetry monitoring was unnecessary, expensive and built false public expectations of what it took to manage wolves. Yellowstone plans to continue intensive research using telemetry and all three states indicated that telemetry was likely to be continued at least initially under state management. Wildlife Services also said they would likely use telemetry to enhance their control capabilities and for implementing some forms of non-lethal control. These interests commented that radio-telemetry was very useful and that is greatly enhanced public expectations of the agencies' responsibilities for wolf management. At some point the states will be the ones to decide what level of monitoring they can afford. It was interesting that in recent public surveys the number one thing that local ranchers expected was increased one-on-one communication with agency folks about wolf locations, etc -which is enhanced through radio telemetry- but increased agency funding [which is needed to collar and radio monitor wolves] was the least wanted management option. The group discussed whether the Service had some special extra responsibility to fund monitoring during any mandatory monitoring period after delisting. At this point in time capture and radio collaring operations will likely proceed as they have been until delisting is achieved.
Generally everyone thought the monitoring program was going reasonably well and no major changes were needed. Bangs expressed concern over helicopter darting and its potential safety issues and trapping and incidental catches [such as dogs]. There was a clear need to recognize that long term post-delisting monitoring had to be based on survey or population trend techniques other than intensive capture efforts and telemetry. The old definition of a breeding pairs used to measure wolf recovery was impractical for routine post-delisting monitoring. By necessity, wolf monitoring will evolve into a count of a certain number of wolves traveling together in winter. However, other than Bangs, many stressed the need for continued radio telemetry monitoring because of its importance to research, closely monitoring the wolf population, its use at helping reducing livestock conflicts and quickly resolving them when necessary, and to assist law enforcement investigations.
It seems that the general guidance for placement of M-44 devices [neck snares and daily trap check] is working fairly well. The Service will provide WS a map of wolf pack territories [the map from each year's annual reports but the Service will attempt to get a more detailed version to WS]. M-44's may not be set in those areas unless the Service has notified WS that the pack no longer exists. The Service will notify WS of any new packs that form that are not listed in the maps. Outside of those areas WS will determine themselves if wolves are likely to be present and may be taken by M-44's. WS and the Service will continue to coordinate closely to avoid incidental take during other control activities.
Somewhat surprisingly, depredations in 2002 [40 cattle, 115 sheep, 7 dogs and 7 llamas] were about the same as in 2001 [40 cattle, 138 sheep, 6 dogs, 3 llamas]. We briefly discussed why this may have occurred because an increase was expected with the increasing wolf population. Some people thought it could be just more unconfirmed depredations, others suggested overall wolf range hasn't expanded outside of the core recovery areas and new packs are simply filling in gaps in areas that don't have much livestock, and others suggested the use of non-lethal and timely lethal control may have helped in some situations. Probably a combination of things but a rise in conflicts is certain as the wolf population increases.
Wyoming-Krischke, Idaho-Collinge, and Montana- Handegard, Glazier, and Hoover discussed wolf depredations and wolf control in 2002. Rough data indicate in 2002 wolves in NW MT were confirmed to have killed 10 cattle, 13 sheep, 4 dogs, and 9 llamas- in response 9 wolves were killed. In the GYA 21 cattle, 86 sheep, 1 dog were confirmed killed, and in response 24 wolves were killed. In central Idaho 9 cattle, 16 sheep, 2 dogs were confirmed killed and in response 14 wolves were killed. No wolves were relocated in 2002. A state-by-state breakdown will also appear in this year's annual report. We discussed ways to keep better records of wolf depredations and will attempt to use a more-detailed Service form in 2003 in addition to WS records.
Permits- Shoot on sight permits removed 3 wolves. Nonlethal [rubber bullet] permits continue to be issued. Only one wolf has been hit so far but people seem to feel better about being able to shoot at wolves coming too close to buildings or livestock. A wolf was legally shot and killed without a permit because it was seen attacking a calf on private property.
Use of non-lethal techniques continues- Williamson, Niemeyer, Breck, and WS- RAG Boxes appear useful for temporarily reducing some conflicts but wolves eventually ignored them. Beck discussed WS research's fladry study. It was used in several instances and from a week to 45 days fladry seemed to temporarily keep wolves out of high conflict areas, and a month seemed typical. However, wolves eventually crossed the barriers and in several instances killed livestock. There are no magic bullets in terms of non-lethal techniques and most appear to offer only temporary relief. However non-lethal techniques will continue to be used when practical because prevention maybe a much more effective tool to long-term conflicts resolution than repeated lethal control. The special rules also require that the Service utilize non-lethal as a part of its overall wolf control program when feasible. All lethal control authorized in 2003 will attempt to be documented in a letter to WS from the Service in addition to normal record keeping.
Depredation sheets-Are they adequate? One of the areas of the wolf control program recommended for improvement during the 1999 revision of the wolf control plan for NW Montana and N. Idaho was improved record keeping. A constant source of conflict in improving record keeping is a Texas court order that prohibits WS from releasing any information regarding landowner identity. While the Service and WS have managed to work through this problem it has greatly complicated accurate record keeping and detailed analysis of the effectiveness of wolf control efforts by the Service. Establishing a record of wolf control activities from the weekly reports and the WS investigation forms [with landowners and area crossed out] and Defenders compensation program requires Service biologists to go to extra efforts to construct a record of wolf depredations and control. Service biologists will attempt to construct a better data base by filling out an internal wolf depredation form as the Service is notified by WS of a confirmed wolf depredation. Liz Bradley, a graduate student with UM will complete her thesis on wolf depredation on cattle and wolf control, affected rancher surveys, and relocation as a management tool in late 2003. Rose Jaffe, a Service seasonal biologist, is putting GPS location data with all livestock depredation data and is updating the dog depredation data base. That effort should be completed in January 2003.
Overall everyone thought the wolf control program was doing fairly well and no major changes were required. Both livestock losses and lethal wolf control are below predicted levels.
Doug Smith discussed the Park's ongoing research into wolf ecology, including his most recent efforts to analyze records of over 400 radio-collared wolves to assess survival rates and causes of mortality. Of 248 wolves that have died, about 27% were unknown causes, 22% each from illegal and agency control, human/other causes were about 7% each, and vehicles and other wolves were 5% each, and capture related, and other predators were 2-3% each. Man-caused mortality is the cause of over 80% of all wolf death. This manuscript is in preparation of peer review publication in 2003. During a multi-predator study in relation to elk hunting outside of Yellowstone Park movement data indicated grizzly bears moved outside the Park toward hunters to feed on gut piles, wolf movement appeared relatively unaffected, they moved outside the Park to feed on gut piles but also into the Park following the elk which moved into the Park to areas with high wolf numbers to avoid human hunters. Cougars appeared to move into the Park to avoid human activity associated with hunting along the Park boundary.
WS is continuing its research of non-lethal measurers to reduce livestock/wolf conflict. Liz Bradley briefly discussed her project and her surveys of ranchers who had experienced wolf depredation and their neighbors who hadn't. The UM led study of livestock compensation and if it leads to large carnivore conservation was briefly discussed. Rose Jaffe discussed MSU efforts to assess the impact of wolf predation on elk both in the Madison Firehole area and west of Yellowstone Park where elk are heavily harvested. Jimenez will continue the cooperative research project, now in its 4th year, looking at the potential effect of wolves on wintering elk on WY state feed grounds.
Rubber jaws vs steel jawed leg hold traps- Meier and Frame are taking the lead and will be writing a paper on trapping and trap injuries. Fontaine is taking the lead on writing a paper about disease exposure of wolves using blood serum. Everyone assisted by providing data with a Norwegian-led effort to determine the effect of alpha wolf loss on pack structure. That multi-author publication soon be published in 2003. Starting in 2003 the Park will lead efforts to do an elk calf mortality study on the Northern Range as well as continue the adult elk movement and mortality study.
Everyone seemed to think the research was focused appropriately on the two key issues-livestock depredation and the potential effect of wolf predation on ungulate populations.
I & E and LE
LE- any dead wolves are an LE issue. Any dead livestock are a Wildlife Services issue.
Things on the LE front appear to be going well and no major changes in policy were recommended. We are trying to get a list of all LE investigations and cases for the annual report.
I & E- Montana had an identifying wolves section in its hunting regulations and that seemed to result in an increase in reports of wolf activity by hunters. That could be useful in other states.
Annual Report-Meier and Fontaine are taking the lead in preparing the annual report. Drafts of the tables and maps of wolf numbers, distribution and livestock conflicts were handed out and everyone will be getting improved copies to review. It is hoped that the 2002 annual report will be completed by February 2003.
Everyone was reminded how important the weekly report is for maintaining a consistent record and source of public information. It is widely read and provides an important record of everything we do. Please contribute!!
How and what do we do to prepare for the reclassification and delisting? The wolf population in the NRM is biologically recovered. MT, ID, and WY and the Service signed a cooperative agreement and the Service is providing funding to cooperate on efforts to prepare a wolf delisting package. The final reclassification rule will set the policy and legal framework for the delisting effort. Any delisting proposal in 2003 appears to currently depend on Wyoming's effort to prepare a state wolf management plan that will adequately conserve wolves in the Wyoming portion of the GYA. Funding of wolf management appears to be a major issue that has not yet been completely resolved.
The annual meeting will be held April 8-10, 2003 in Chico Hot Springs, Montana. It is co-hosted by the Service and Defenders of Wildlife. It is likely the last annual meeting the Service will co-host because wolves should be delisted in early 2004. Hopefully, beginning in 2004 the states will be leading all wolf management issues and meetings. Likewise, the states were encouraged to considering organizing and leading the December 2003 annual interagency wolf meeting.
Wildlife Services net-gunned and radio-collared a black adult female near Red Lodge on the 23rd. She was with two smaller gray wolves and near livestock. She and one of the others had mange over 2/3rds of their tails. This pack was involved in livestock depredations in 2002 and if involved in other depredations will probably be lethally removed. Wildlife Services removed snares with stops that had been set earlier to radio-collar a pack member. A big Thanks! and Well Done! to Wildlife Services.....The two collared Teton pack wolves that were part of a split-off Teton group of 6 near Pinedale [2 without collars were shot because of depredations], WY were located back in the Gros Ventre Valley on the 22nd. Elk feeding has not begun yet but there are thousands of elk in the area waiting for hay and the rest of the Teton pack is there too. It appears their little walkabout is over for now.....Winter wolf helicopter capture efforts to radio-collar wolves were conducted in central Idaho. Four wolves were collared under very difficult conditions. Three were re-captures and 1 was a new animal. Pack sizes were small and few if any pups were seen. Scott Mountain was seen with 3 wolves, Orphan had 3, Thunder Mountain had 3, and Gold Fork had 5. Capture operations have moved to the Challis. With 6 collars on mortality in Idaho this fall and several other collars missing it appears that illegal killing could be involved in recent pack disruptions and small pack sizes. Extra wolf monitoring in Idaho is being conducted to try to figure this out.
Fontaine and Asher met with landowners in the Paradise Valley where sheep had been killed by members of the Mill Creek pack. The landowner whose sheep were killed still has a shoot on sight permit. Asher removed fladry from the fence on the 11th, and the sheep are being night-pastured in smaller enclosure. Defenders is working with the landowner to provide more secure fencing. On the 17th, Wildlife Services trapped and radio-collared a yearling female wolf from the subgroup and it is now being tracked to see how many wolves are in the group. Good job Wildlife Services and thanks! The alpha female was the only radioed member of the Mill Creek pack and she was consistently located high the in mountains.
Bangs and Meier completed short articles for International Wolf Magazine on wolf delisting and Tom's "personal" wolf encounter, respectively. They should appear in the May 2003 issue.....Jimenez provided rubber bullet training and munitions to a landowner near Lander, WY who sighted wolves near his property. The landowner was pleased that he could do something if they came back. Four wolves have been reported in that area and Wildlife Services is attempting to neck snare with stops to radio-collar a member of the group.
National Geographic Explorer and CNN both aired recent footage of wolf captures in Yellowstone and discussed achieving the wolf recovery goal for the northern Rocky Mountain wolf population and impending delisting. Several news and radio stories have also aired. The NGE website is also supposedly carrying a similar story online.
NEW WEB ADDRESS- See WesternGrayWolf.fws.gov/annualreports.htm for the 2001 annual interagency wolf report. It contains maps of wolf pack locations and home ranges, tables of wolf numbers and depredations, and summaries of scientific studies. The 2002 annual report should be completed and on the web site by March 1, 2003.
Mill Creek pack female pup #297 was found dead on the 29th. WS collared her last month. LE was notified. Val Asher investigated and found that a mountain lion [possibly with a kitten] had killed, cached, and partially consumed her. Her signal was ok on the 28th. Good job Val!.....Lone wolf #210 is suspected as being killed by neighboring wolf packs in the Slough Creek area of Yellowstone National Park. The carcass will be recovered soon. The newly formed Slough Creek and #261 group were both found in the general vicinity when #210 was killed. .....Jimenez and Western Air Research found the Nez Perce pack early this week. Good work! Seventeen pack members were on the northern end of the National Elk Refuge, just outside Jackson, WY. The Nez Perce pack's home range is normally in the middle of Yellowstone Park but last year they traveled to the northen range and got into a tiff with the Druid's then traveled to SE Idaho. This year they are near Jackson. It could signal that the center of the Park in winter, with mainly bison and some elk, doesn't have enough vulnerable prey to support a large pack......Tracks of 2 maybe 3 wolves were detected by Wildlife Services near Soda Springs in SE Idaho on the 24th. No problems had been reported but sheep are common in this area in summer and a wolf was killed a couple of years ago after a series of depredations.....Helicopter capture efforts in Idaho were completed this past week. Weather, low snow pack, timbered terrain, and small pack sizes increased difficulties of wolf capture efforts this year. Despite unfavorable conditions, 14 new collars were placed on 6 different wolf packs, exceeding expectations. Nine wolf packs were initially targeted for capture efforts. Capture and radio-collaring efforts were conducted on 7 of these packs, as 2 packs were not accessible. Radio-collaring goals were met for 5 of these 7 wolf packs. Capture operations were based out of McCall and Challis, Idaho.....A black and 3 grey wolves were sighted on the Flying D Ranch near Bozeman. Several observations of this uncollared wolf group, including what were believed to be 2 pups, have been made since Thanksgiving. It appears that a new pack has formed, just southwest of Bozeman. Collaring efforts are being coordinated with MT FW&P.
WS confirmed that wolves killed and fed on an adult bull west of Avon, MT on the night of the 27th. That's the first bull we have had confirmed killed by wolves. The rancher shot one wolf by the carcass after he had moved it to an adjacent field. He immediately reported it and LE is investigating. WS shot one of four wolves [uncollared yearling male] feeding on the carcasses the night of the 28th. A telemetry flight morning of the 29th indicated that the Castle Rock was responsible. Lethal control of 4 more wolves was authorized because this pack has attacked cattle on several occasions and killing adult cattle indicates the pack is seriously hunting cattle.....On the 29th, WS confirmed that wolves killed a cow [with calf] N. of Avon, MT and chased several other cows through a fence. Radio telemetry indicated then Halfway pack was responsible. A radio-collared former member of the Castle Rock pack recently joined with this pack. Because of chronic cattle harassment, active hunting of adult cattle, and previous depredations lethal control of the entire pack [estimated 4-5 wolves] was authorized.....A shoot on site permit for 2 wolves near his cattle was authorized for a rancher in the Paradise Valley. The 7 member Mill Creek pack has killed several sheep and cattle in that area, despite aversive conditioning and continues to routinely used the pasture where calving will soon occur. In addition WS may conduct control of up to 2 wolves in addition to trying to get additional radios in the Mill Creek, Sheep Mountain, and Chief Joe packs. Also see lion kills #297 "Monitoring."
Bangs, Fontaine and several MT FW&P's employees, including Chris Smith, Chief of Staff, attended a Jan 20th 6PM meeting hosted by local ranchers in the Avon area west of Helena, MT. Nearly 120 people attended. Several wolf packs are in that area and several depredations have been confirmed. Many ranchers were worried about missing livestock they feel were killed by wolves and reported incidents of "harassed" cattle. The idea was floated by the meeting's organizer that all the landowners should close their land (nearly 500,000 acres) to hunting and "encourage" the Service and MT FW&P to delist wolves and then classify them as predators. The meeting was constructive and a lot of information was exchanged but no final course of action was agreed upon. See control section above for developments since meeting.....Bangs introduced 2 wolf movies for the International Wildlife Film Festival organization at the Roxy Theater in Missoula on Friday evening of the 24th. The NWF's "Wolf" and the Alliance for the Wild Rockies' sponsored the "Cost of Freedom" [a film critical of agency radio-collaring and wolf management] were shown. About 80 people attended. Bangs gave a short presentation and then answered questions. The meeting was constructive and many issues were discussed.....State Legislatures in Montana and Wyoming had meetings and hearings about wolf resolutions and proposed wolf legislation this week. The Service is closely cooperating with the state fish and game agencies as their states debate the important issue of how wolves will be managed if the Endangered Species Act protections were to be removed.....Smith traveled to Salt Lake City to give a wolf presentation to the Conservation Alliance's annual meeting [a large trade show that includes 70 outdoor recreation/sport businesses] on Feb. 1.....Niemeyer met with the Oneida County Commission on January 27 in Malad, Idaho, at their request after allegations that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service was releasing/radio-tracking wolves in the county during the night time hours in government licensed trucks. Further allegations were that we had a white airplane with the numbers taped over flying around areas where wolves had been sighted. Several people, including one of the Commissioners, had engaged in conversation with unknown persons in federally licensed trucks while those persons had radio-tracking equipment, computers and dog kennels in their vehicles or their possession. None of this information was verified or accurate, and the rumors were resolved......An on-line story accompanied the Jan. 20 National Geographic Explorer story about wolf delisting. It can be accessed at the National Geographic web site. Go to the On T.V. section, and then click United States, then N.G. Today web stories. Here is the link to that story: http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2003/01/0122_030122_tvwolves.html
The CENTRAL ROCKIES WOLF PROJECT is pleased to announce that registration has begun for the WORLD WOLF CONGRESS 2003 - BRIDGING SCIENCE AND COMMUNITY, to be held at the Banff Centre (Banff, Canada) from September 25-28, 2003. Please visit www.worldwolfcongress.ca for complete information.
The Service's weekly wolf report can now also be viewed at the Service's Region 6 web site at WesternGrayWolf.fws.gov. This report is government public property and can be used for any purpose. Please distribute as you see fit.
Contact: Ed Bangs (406)449-5225 x204 or ED_BANGS@FWS.GOV

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Well my jeep has a barrel modified as a gas tank but I would like to get a proper tank. I am looking for a tank for a 1957 jeep fc150 or measurements so I can have one fabricated. Also one needing repair would be more than I have now.
Are you still in need of a gas tank?


Available to Order Approx 1-4 weeks. Call for details.
This counter height table set is a great addition to your casual eating space. The table has a square top with the look of slightly-distressed wood slabs, giving a country-chic feel. The counter height chair features a ladder back and a dark brown upholstered seat. Down below, the legs are connected by a stretcher support, creating a space to set your feet. Completed in a slightly-distressed dark brown finish, this set is warm and inviting.
The Quinn 5 Piece Counter Height Table Set with Ladderback Side Chairs by CM at Michael's Furniture Warehouse in the San Fernando & Los Angeles area. Product availability may vary. Contact us for the most current availability on this product.
Add the Quinn collection to your home. It includes a counter height table and chairs, perfect for a casual and relaxed atmosphere. Details include a slightly distressed dark brown finish, wood slab table top, and upholstered seats in the chairs.
The Quinn collection is a great option if you are looking for Transitional furniture in the San Fernando & Los Angeles area.


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Q: nvd3 set scale from big to small I have a simple line graph where the Y value spans from 0-100. I want to reverse the Y range to go instead to 100-0. Graph code is below:
    nv.addGraph(function() {
      var values = that.getGraphValues();
      console.log(values);
      var chart = nv.models.lineChart()
          .forceY([100, 1]);

      chart.xAxis
          .axisLabel('Date')
          .tickFormat(function(d) { return d3.time.format('%b %d')(new Date(d)); });

      chart.yAxis
          .axisLabel('Ranking')
          .tickFormat(d3.format(',r'));

      d3.select('#chart svg')
          .datum(values)
        .transition().duration(500)
          .call(chart);

      nv.utils.windowResize(function() { d3.select('#chart svg').call(chart) });

      return chart;
    });

A: You need to set the domain of the graph explicitly.  In D3 terms "domain" is the expected extent of the data.  If you don't set it yourself, it is calculated as [minValue, maxValue].  But you can explicitly set it to anything, even such that the first number is bigger than the second number.
var chart = nv.models.lineChart()
            .yDomain([100,0]);

A: If you happen to use the Angular NVD3 wrapper, the way to set the custom message is through chart options, simply:
$scope.options = {
  chart: {
  ...
  yDomain: [100, 1],
  ...
  }
};

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Le  est une revue anti-gaulliste, créée en 1958 par Dionys Mascolo et Jean Schuster. Elle propose des articles littéraires et politiques. Après trois numéros, elle cesse d'être publiée. Les archives sont aujourd'hui conservées à l'institut mémoires de l'édition contemporaine.

Collaborateurs
Liste non exhaustive :

Notes et références

Articles connexes
 Éditions de la Cité Universelle
 Groupe de la rue Saint-Benoît

Titre de presse créé en 1958
Revue littéraire en France
Revue politique
Charles de Gaulle
Le 14 juillet
 00

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


This is not the kind of news I want to hear from Rafael Nadal. The world no.1 player will miss Spain's Davis Cup final against Argentina because of a knee injury.
The top-ranked Nadal said Monday he was still struggling with tendinitis in his right knee following a week of treatment.
"The knee said no," the 22-year-old said.
Spain team doctor Angel Ruiz-Cotorro said Nadal would need three to six weeks to recover.
"These are very difficult moments, but I have done all that I could to be ready for the final," he said.
Nadal's absence deals a big blow to Spain's bid for a third Davis Cup title since 2000. Spain captain Emilio Sanchez Vicario has until Tuesday to name his team.
Spain plays Argentina on indoor hard court at Mar del Plata from Nov. 21-23.
"We're sorry for him, but it's good news. Spain is one thing with Nadal, and another thing without him," Argentine captain Alberto Mancini told Buenos Aires-based radio station Continental.
Nadal was a key player when Spain beat the United States 4-1 in the semifinals, winning both his singles matches.
Sanchez Vicario most likely will replace Nadal with Tommy Robredo, clay-court specialist Nicolas Almagro or Marcel Granollers. David Ferrer, Feliciano Lopez and Fernando Verdasco are expected to be back on the team.
Nadal withdrew from the Paris Masters last month with an injury to the same knee after losing the first set of his quarterfinal against Nikolai Davydenko.
He then pulled out of this week's season-ending Masters Cup in Shanghai, China.
"I don't know if the injury (resulted) from my fight to be No. 1 because in reality, I didn't play in any extra tournaments, I only played what I had to for the ranking and I don't think you can reproach me for that," Nadal said.
Ruiz-Cotorro said the injury was not career threatening, but that it was "totally impossible" for Nadal to be ready in time for the final.
"Rafa comes in off a very tough year and his body has been warning him for weeks. It's an acute injury that needs time to recuperate," Ruiz-Cotorro said.
Robredo helped Spain to a 5-0 rout of Peru in a first-round match in February, but has reached the quarterfinals of only one of nine tournaments since winning at Bastad in July. The 21st-ranked Robredo has been a Spain regular since 2004.
The 19th-ranked Almagro made his debut against Peru, winning both singles matches, while 56th-ranked Granollers has never been selected.
"Spain has top-level players capable of achieving victory," said Nadal, who didn't rule out traveling to South America to support his teammates.
Agustin Calleri and Jose Acasuso will join David Nalbandian and Juan Martin Del Potro for the Argentine team.


text:
Tag: lamp stack
How to build a lamp stack for $2,000
The cost of the lamp stack will likely be $2.5 million to $3 million.
The stack, which is meant to be used in conjunction with an existing solar array, will provide about 70 percent of the solar panels that can be installed.
The other 70 percent will be generated by other solar panels on the roof of the house.
The idea behind the lamp stacks is to create a solar roof that is more efficient than a conventional roof, but still cost effective enough to have an effect on air quality.
While the first lamp stack was designed to be placed on the front lawn, the stack is now being built on the rear lawn.
The stacks will cost $10,000 to $15,000 per lamp stack, depending on the size and type of the structure, said Jason Schulz, the chief executive of Solar City, a California-based solar company that builds and sells solar panels.
The goal is to produce the lamps on the roofs of about 150 homes, he said.
A single solar lamp stack can produce enough energy to power about 100 homes.
Schulz said he hopes to eventually get a solar-powered house built in a solar array on the rooftop of a single house.
"That would be a great benefit for families in the community," he said in a statement.
"We are excited to begin to make that happen."
One downside of building solar roofs is that they require a lot of work.
SolarCity said the cost of solar arrays can vary from $100,000 up to $2 million, depending where the roof is located.
Some buildings need a solar panel installed at the top of the roof to reduce the amount of energy lost from the sun.
Other solar arrays need to be moved up the hill to the rear of the home, where the sun is less intense.
"It's a little bit more challenging to move a solar system that is in a particular location," said Jason Dyson, chief executive officer of BrightSource, a solar energy company in Santa Monica, California.
"There's a lot more complexity than we think there is.
You have to do some very specialized equipment.
There's a whole bunch of things that go into it."
BrightSource's rooftop solar project has been built on about 100 solar panels, but Schulz has said that his company is planning to add as many as 300 solar arrays in the future.
In terms of size, the solar lamp stacks are more than twice the size of the average rooftop solar array.
The stacked lamp stacks will likely cost around $10 million to be built, according to Schulz.
He expects to have the stacks up and running by 2019.
Tags: glass lamp, lamp post lights, lamp stack, uvc lamp
What are the hottest LED lighting trends right now?
How to turn antique lamps into LED bulbs


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20 Blog Post Ideas for National Poetry Month
I've thinking about all the ways bloggers can get involved in National Poetry Month 2018. There are so many interesting topics related to the art of poetry and lots of ways to include your readers in the process. Here are just a few.
If you're an educator, most of these ideas also make excellent discussion topics for class!
1. types of poetry
Did you know that there are more than 50 types of poems? Teach your readers some basics this National Poetry Month (and maybe learn something in the process!)
2. what poetry means to you
Poetry means something different to each of us. Spend some time exploring what it means to you.
3. why we read/write poetry
Why are we, as a society, enamoured with poetry? Why do you read and/or write poetry?
4. a poem you wrote
It doesn't matter what kind of poem it is, or how long it is. Don't worry about people might say. Just get it out there!
5. a list of prompts
If you're not feeling the poetry bug yourself, why not help someone else get into it? Think up some fun, crazy, scary, or thoughtful prompts and share them with your readers. (You can find my list here.)
6. poetry exercises
Sometimes people need more than a nudge to get started. Sometimes, people need to be taken through the process of writing a poem from start to finish. Or, they might just want to hone their skills. Either way, some simple poetry exercises can come in handy.
7. your favourite poem
What is your favourite poem? Why? Help others fall in love with it, too.
8. illustrate a poem
I wish I had enough artistic ability to do this! Chose a poem that inspires you, then create an illustration (doesn't matter if it's computer generated or hand drawn) to accompany it.
9. your favourite poet
Who is your favourite poet and why? What can you tell us about their life? Their work?
10. a letter to a poet who inspired you
Whether that poet is alive or deceased, thank them for their inspiration. If your letter is to a living poet, why not share the link with them? Authors love to hear how their writing affects readers.
11. your least favourite poem
Hey, we're not all going to love every poem we read. There are some poems that just annoy the heck out of me. You've probably got some too, right? Don't just list them, though. Actually explain what you don't like about them. It's important to know what does and doesn't work for you.
12. your least favourite poet
Just be sure to keep it civil, okay? It's alright to say that you don't like a poet's style - it's not alright to personally attack them.
13. your favourite type of poem
Let's go back to number one. When you were learning about the different poetic styles, did you find one that spoke to you? Do you have an example of that style? Have you tried writing one of your own? Share, share, share!
14. or one that you hate
What type of poem do you absolutely hate? Why?
15. a poem you know by heart
When I was a child, I learned "Paul Revere's Ride" by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow for school. I've never forgotten it. Is there a poem you know by heart? You could even share a video of yourself reciting it.
16. rap/song lyrics as poetry
Poetry, in its earliest form, was spoken so it's not that hard to see the connection between song lyrics and poetry - especially rap lyrics. Do you agree or disagree? Get a debate going!
17. nursery rhymes you remember from childhood
I grew up in America but worked in a school here in the UK. It's interesting how different nursery rhymes are from country to another. Which nursery rhymes do you remember from your childhood? Why do you think they've stayed with you?
18. poetry, elitism, and snobbery
I believe that many people are put off poetry because they think it's elitist. That only a certain type of person reads or writes poetry. What do you think? Do you think we can change these misconceptions? How?
19. review a poetry collection
Hopefully, you're spending this month exploring some of the brilliant poetry collections out there. Why not take a few minutes to review them? It helps authors and potential readers.
20. links and other resources
It can be time consuming and frustrating to find what you're looking for online. Help other poets and bloggers by providing a list of handy resources for National Poetry Month. Don't forget to link back here if this list helped you!
Labels: a writer's life, blogging, education, ideas, lists, National Poetry Month, poem, poet, poetry, writers club
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Movie Review: The Towering Inferno (1974)


text:
Aborted es una banda belga de death metal que se formó en 1995.

Historia
Fundada inicialmente por Sven De Caluwe, quien pudo encontrar otros miembros hasta 1997. Sacaron un demo y después de un tiempo firmaron su primer acuerdo con UXICON récords. Desde entonces han sacado dos splits (a través de Soulreaper Records y Bones Brigade respectivamente), 10 álbumes completos, dos EP y un DVD con la firma francesa Listenable Records. Actualmente tienen un contrato con Century Media.

El 1º de diciembre de 2009, Sven de Caluwé anunció que la banda había tenido cambios en su alineación y que se habían integrado miembros nuevos, tales como el guitarrista de Whorecore/They:Swarm Eran Segal, su compañero de System Divide, Cole Martínez en el bajo, el vocalista y guitarrista de Abigail Williams Ken Sorceron y el baterista Dirk Verbeuren de Soilwork, quien en un pasado había colaborado con la banda. La banda lanzó un EP a finales del 2009, titulado "Coronary Reconstruction".

Algunos de los seguidores que asisten a los conciertos de Aborted (conocidos como "Aborted Army") van vestidos con trajes de cirujano manchados de sangre así como máscaras y guantes. La inspiración para esta vestimenta provino del álbum Goremageddon: The Saw and the Carnage Done, que mostraba en su portada un cirujano demente.

Miembros

Miembros actuales
 Sven De Caluwe - voz (1995-presente)
 Ken Bedene - batería (2010-presente)
 Mendel bij de Leij - guitarra (2012-presente)
 Ian Jekelis - guitarra (2015-presente)
 Stefano Franceschini - bajo (2016-presente)

Miembros anteriores
 JB van de Wal - Bajo (2010-2016)
 Ken Sorceron - Guitarra (2009-2011)
 Dirk Verbeuren - Batería (2003-2004, 2009-2011)
 Sebastien "Seb Purulator" Tuvi - Guitarra (2006-2009)
 Cole Martínez - Bajo (2009-2010)
 Peter Goemaere - Guitarra (2006-2009)
 Matty Dupont - Guitarra (2006)
 Jess Moyle - Guitarra (2006)
 Stephane Soutreyard - Guitarra (2005-2006)
 Bart Vergaert - Guitarra (2002-2005)
 Thijs De Cloedt - Guitarra (2000-2006)
 Christophe Herreman - Guitarra (1998-2000)
 Niek Verstraete - Guitarra (1997-2002)
 Sven Janssens - Bajo (2007-2009)
 Olivia Scemama - Bajo (2016)
 Frederik Vanmassenhove - Bajo (2002-2006)
 Koen Verstraete - Bajo (1997-2002)
 Gilles Delecroix - Batería (2004-2006)
 Frank Rousseau - Batería (1998-2003)
 Steven Logie - Batería (1997-1998)
 Dan Wilding - batería (2007 - 2009)
 Eran Segal - Guitarra (2009 - 2012)
 Michael Wilson - Guitarra (2011 - 2012)

Sesiones en estudio y miembros en vivo
 Ariën van Wesenbeek - Baterista en vivo en el 2007
 Étienne Gallo - Batería en vivo en el 2006
 Dave Haley - Batería de sesión para el álbum "Slaughter & Apparatus: A Methodical Overture" (2006)
 Matan Shmuely - Baterista en vivo en Israel (10.8.2006)
 Ken Bedene - Baterista en vivo en Israel (2010)

Invitados
 Hendrik "Henne" Vanwynsberghe (Demonizer) – Voz en "The Sanctification Of Fornication" del álbum The Purity of Perversion (2000)
 Kurt (Ectopia) – Voz en "Wrenched Carnal Ornaments" del álbum The Purity of Perversion (2000)
 Michael Bøgballe (Mnemic) – Voz en "Dead Wreckoning" del álbum The Archaic Abattoir (2005)
 Bo Summer (Illdisposed) – Voz en "The Gangrenous Epitaph" y "The Inertia" del álbum The Archaic Abattoir (2005)
 Jacob Bredahl (Hatesphere) – Voz en "Threading on Vermillion Deception" del álbum The Archaic Abattoir (2005)
 Jacob Bredahl (Hatesphere) – Voz en "Avenious" del álbum Slaughter & Apparatus: A Methodical Overture (2007)
 Jeff Walker (Carcass) – Voz en "An Odious Emanation" y "A Methodical Overture" del álbum Slaughter & Apparatus: A Methodical Overture (2007)
 Mike Wilson (System Divide, ex Abigail Williams) - Guitarra líder en las canciones "A Cadaverous Dissertation" y "Left Hand Path" del EP Coronary Reconstruction (2010)
 Trevor Strnad (The Black Dahlia Murder) - Voz en "Vermicular, Obscene, Obese" del álbum Global Flatline (2012)
 Julien Truchan (Benighted) - Voz en "The Origin of Disease" del álbum Global Flatline (2012)
 Jason Netherton (Misery Index) - Voz en "Grime" del álbum Global Flatline (2012)
 Keijo Niinimaa (Rotten Sound) - Voz en "Our Father Who Arts of Feces" del álbum Global Flatline (2012)

Discografía

Enlaces externos

 Encyclopaedia Metallum Aborted
 Aborted en MySpace
 Facebook oficial de Aborted

Referencias

Grupos de death metal de Bélgica


Welcome to my website. Here you will find realistic Still Life Paintings, the art of Trompe L'oeil and Sports Art. Experience a cultural awakening and invite one of these beautiful pieces into your home. Enjoy!


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Ariana Grande performed in the U.K. last night, marking her first time since the One Love Manchester benefit concert in June 2017. Taking the stage at London's KOKO as part Capital FM's Up Close series, the 25-year-old musician treated an intimate crowd to hits from Sweetener, Yours Truly and My Everything.
After the show, Grande tweeted her appreciation for the crowd. "omg london i love u that was so special thank u sm," she wrote.
The "No Tears Left to Cry" singer opened the show with 10 tracks from Sweetener before delving into a few hits from Yours Truly, which recently celebrated its fifth anniversary. Toward the end her performance, she sang an a cappella rendition My Everything hit "One Last Time," with fans immediately joining the sing-along. Clearly, Grande was loving her time onstage, as she expressed her desire to continue performing after the track. "Somebody's going to have to give me the hook," she said.
Grande has stayed busy during her time in the U.K., also appearing on BBC Radio 1's Live Lounge today to perform "No Tears Left to Cry," "R.E.M.," "God is a woman," and a cover Thundercat's "Them Changes." The live session begins at around 2:23 on the stream.


text:
Home of
Talking Stick Resort Arena
Accessibility/ADA Information
Around the Arena
Visitor's Guide (A-Z)
Arizona Rattlers
Annual Suites
Single Event Rentals
Downtown Live Newsletter
Book the TSRA
Arena Renovation RFQs
201 East Jefferson Street
Phoenix, AZ, 85004
Located on the Southeast corner of 1st St & Jefferson in Downtown Phoenix.
Talking Stick Resort Arena garage now accepts credit cards, powered by PayPal! Thanks to PayPal you can now park at Talking Stick Resort Arena using your credit card, Apple pay, Google pay, and more.
From North Phoenix/Scottsdale
Take State Route 51 (Piestewa Peak Parkway) south to Interstate-10 East interchange. Exit I-10 at (100 feet ) Washington/Jefferson Street. Turn right (west) on Washington Street to 3rd Street. Turn left (south) on 3rd Street to Talking Stick Resort Arena.
From East Phoenix
Take Loop 202 (Red Mountain Freeway) west which will merge with Interstate-10 west. Take I-10 West to 7th Street exit. Turn left (south) on 7th Street to Washington Street. Turn right (west) on Washington Street to 3rd Street. Turn left (south) on 3rd Street to Talking Stick Resort Arena.
From West/Southwest Phoenix
Take Interstate 10 east to 7th Avenue exit. Turn right (south) on 7th Avenue to Jefferson Street. Turn left (east) on Jefferson Street to 1st Street. Talking Stick Resort Arena is on the corner of Jefferson Street and 1st Street.
From Northwest Phoenix/Glendale
Take Interstate 17 south to Jefferson Street. Turn left (east) on Jefferson Street to First Street. Talking Stick Resort Arena is on the corner of Jefferson Street and 1st Street.
From East Valley/Tempe
Take Interstate 10 west to Washington/Jefferson Street. Turn left (west) on Washington Street to 3rd Street. Turn left (south) on 3rd Street to Talking Stick Resort Arena.
Click your game/event below to easily book parking
There are several parking garages and lots within walking distance of Talking Stick Resort Arena. The venue's attached five-story, 700-space parking structure provides the most convenient parking available to our suite holders, premium-seat owners, as well as limited space available to the general public. The parking structure is open daily 6 am to 6 pm, Monday through Friday, in addition to being open for all events held at the Talking Stick Resort Arena.
In addition to the Talking Stick Resort Arena Garage, the Jefferson Street Garage is conveniently located next door, at 3rd Street & Jefferson. The garage is a six story, 1,450-space parking structure and is available for parking for all events at the Talking Stick Resort Arena. Click here for pre-paid parking.
Please call the Talking Stick Resort Arena Parking Office at 602-379-2003 for specific event parking prices and information.
See the Downtown Phoenix Area Map for more parking options.
Ride Rail
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text:
Q: Report the depth and number of leaves of the learned tree of DecisionTreeClassifier in scikit-learn How to extract the depth and number of leaves of the learned tree of DecisionTreeClassifier in scikit-learn ?
[https://scikit-learn.org/stable/modules/generated/sklearn.tree.DecisionTreeClassifier.html][1]

A: I realized depth of learned tree and number of leaves can be extracted using clf.get_depth() and clf.get_n_leaves() functions respectively


The Garage Door Shop are a 100% Australian owned and operated company relied on by households all over Melbourne. With a clear focus on client service and dependability, we offer on the spot service, repair and setup of all major brands of garage door openers and remote controls.
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The most typical issues that accompany garage doors include: roller door ballooning, jamming, stuck closed or open, opens manually not automatically, emergency situation release stuck, lock/key damaged, door heavy to raise, door dropping and not remaining in open position, remote control not working, motor running but door not moving, roller door noisy or squeaking, unwanted noise, light not working, broken springs, hinges damaged, wheels bent.
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Home > Environment > News Articles
How Climate Change Impacted Diets Over 7,000 Years
By News Staff | February 14th 2022 08:41 AM | Print | E-mail
Before the invention of modern science and technology, where many diverse foods can be grown in areas once considered inhospitable, the whims of nature determined what you ate, and if you ate at all.
A new paper says that climate had the most influence over diet in the Central Andes between 400 and 7,000 years ago. No shock there. What was more surprising is their contention that population size had little impact on diet variation, even though in other parts of the world larger civilizations fostered trade and increased competition. The only period where diets across the region became more similar to one another was when the Incas conquered the area and centralized enough political power to reduce local dietary decisions, reducing the restrictions of climate.
The Central Andes spans from sea level to some of the world's tallest mountains. At each elevation, the climate and food resources are wildly different. Coastal communities relied mainly on marine resources, with some agriculture. Mid-elevation societies had access to some marine resources and raised pastoral animals such as llamas, but mainly relied on agriculture. High elevation diets consisted of some agriculture but were dominated by pastoral animals.
Credit: Kurt Wilson
The region's demographic history undulates as wildly as the landscape, with complex societies rising and falling at various points in time. Changes in population size can influence sociopolitical complexity or alter mobility patterns, both of which will influence diets. Lacking written documents that could show status and inequality, they used a proxy to approximate what amount of influence sociopolitical complexity might have on food availability.
The authors compiled the largest dataset of past diets based on carbon (δ13C‰) and nitrogen (δ15N‰) isotopic values in the Americas over the last 7,000 years. Derived from a person's bone collagen, the stable isotopes represent an individual's lifetime average diet and how much was made up of different broad categories of plant (carbon) and animal (nitrogen) sources.
Using publicly available data, the researchers identified 1,767 individuals from published literature in Peruvian, northern Chilean and Lake Titicaca archaeological sites. For each individual's location, they generated variation of local climates using model simulations of mean annual precipitation, mean annual temperatures, mean annual seasonal temperatures and mean annual precipitation seasonality. They also generated population size estimates for each individual using a "dates as data" approach with a compilation of ~4,000 radiocarbon dates by treating the number of dated sites at any one time as a proxy for the relative population size.
They compared dietary trends over time, across three elevation categories: coastal, mid-elevation and highland. This allowed them to capture how much of diet is explained by population change and local climate, which estimates how much might be due to other social factors.
The findings showed little dietary overlap between region in the carbon and nitrogen isotopes for most of the 7,000 years of the study. However, most of that variation collapses at the Late Horizon (~480 – 418 yBP), when the Inca Empire dominated the region.
In the Middle Horizon (~1,350 – 950 yBP), also a period with political centralization, there's an overlap in carbon for coastal and mid-elevation individuals. During this period, both the Tiwanaku and Wari Empires engaged in regional trade and resettlement, and contributed to expanding maize as an important feasting component. Yet nitrogen signatures remained distinct in elevation zones, suggesting environment continued to dominate diet.
News Releases From All Over The World, Right To You...
Mummy Studies Show Inca Fattened Up Kids Before Human Sacrifice
Colorado's Front Range Wildfires Are Not Special
Wrangel Island And The Last Of The Woolly Mammoths In 2,000 BC
Figuring Out The Nitrogen Budget In The Oceans
Iso-Signatures: We Know Where You've Been Drinking


President Donald Trump on Wednesday threw Attorney General Jeff Sessions under the bus again, tweeting that he wished he had picked someone else to lead the Justice Department.
Trump referred to Rep. Trey Gowdy's (R-S.C.) Wednesday appearance on "CBS This Morning," in which he defended the president's frustration with Sessions' decision to recuse himself from the Russia probe.
Sessions, an early supporter of Trump's 2016 presidential run, has been the subject of Trump's ire since he announced his recusal in March 2017 from a federal investigation into Russia's interference in the 2016 election.
Despite Trump's public humiliation campaign against Sessions, he reportedly rejected an offer from Sessions to resign last spring.
Although Trump seemed to embrace Gowdy's comment Wednesday, the Republican lawmaker has previously criticized Trump's use of Twitter to bash Sessions.
"Doing this publicly, I don't think helps our justice system," Gowdy said in July 2017 after Trump attacked a "beleaguered" Sessions on Twitter for not investigating Hillary Clinton.
During an appearance Tuesday on Fox News, Gowdy contradicted Trump's recent claims that the FBI "spied" on his campaign under the orders of President Barack Obama.
Gowdy, the chairman of the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee, said the FBI acted appropriately when it used an informant to gather information about Trump's campaign advisers who allegedly had suspicious contacts linked to Russia.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


As the spoiled Tracy and briefly as Mrs. This entry was posted on Monday, April 26th, at That Strange Object of Desire was a box office flop but received an Oscar nomination and has since become a critical favourite. Carole Bouquet, the 2nd December Photo: It was her X-rated outings in French cinema that showed audiences exactly what poor James missed out on Her character is strong; she is very naturally beautiful and is well remembered 30 years later which is why she appears in the top ten list. We take a look at the actress' many facets in 15 photographs snapped during the 80s, Bouquet's heyday.
Boquet also stripped for the cameras in one of her earliest roles in That Strange Object of Desire.
When they are brutally shot to their death by hitman Hector GonzalesMelina changes to being very serious and single-minded on the task of killing Gonzales. However, it wasn't serial womaniser OO7 who seduced his co-star out of all her clothes this time around since Boquet actually remains remarkably covered up in her famous Bond outing. Bond beauty Ursula Andress: Girl power is back! When Victoria Beckham, AKA Posh, announced the comeback with a photo on Instagram of the five girls together, hysteria ensued across social media. Leigh was recognized during her era alongside husband, actor and director, Laurence Olivier and eventually earned a reputation for being difficult to work with.


I invite you to browse through my galley. You can buy existing prints or commission a custom one by contacting me by email or you could leave a message.
Watch how I made the paintings. Videos available on Youtube.


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text: Q: Do we need to change webdriver to remotewebdriver for running selenium tests in docker container? I am having some tests for login scenario written in page object model. Hence I am using Webdriver driver in many places. So to run these test cases in Docker container, should I need to change andd the Webdriver driver occurences to RemoteWebdriver driver?


text:
Il ritorno del figliol prodigo - Umiliati è un lungometraggio del 2003 diretto da Straub e Huillet; come dal titolo, è diviso in due episodi; è una libera trasposizione del romanzo Le donne di Messina di Elio Vittorini.

Trama
Umiliati

Nel secondo dopoguerra, un gruppo di persone prende possesso di un paese abbandonato creando una comunità cercando di risolvere problemi fondamentali di sopravvivenza difendendosi dalla paura, dalla miseria e dalla violenza. Arriva poi un inviato del governo per comunicargli che nulla gli appartiene.

Produzione

Note

Collegamenti esterni

Film drammatici
Film basati su opere di narrativa
Film diretti da Straub e Huillet


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Shepherd Pathways
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Shepherd Pathways is a comprehensive, community-based rehabilitation program for people recovering from brain injury. It is a program of Shepherd Center, one of the top-10 ranked facilities in the nation for medical treatment, research and rehabilitation for people with brain or spinal cord injury.
1942 Clairmont Road, NW, Decatur, Georgia, 30033-3406
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Shepherd Pathways employs more than 70 people.
Shepherd Pathways serves nearly 500 clients per year.
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Shepherd Center's mission is to help people with a temporary or permanent disability caused by injury or disease rebuild their lives with hope, independence and dignity, advocating for their full inclusion in all aspects of community life while promoting safety and injury prevention.
To be a center of excellence in patient care, education and research.
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To be a strong advocate for people with disabilities.
The best healing takes place when the highest ethical standards are followed – where mutual respect, justice and equality are encouraged.
The appropriate level of care results in the most positive medical outcomes within the limits of available resources.
The most appropriate care is provided by a professional team working with each patient and family.
Rehabilitation is a lifelong process that begins at Shepherd Center.
Sharing research guarantees growth and improvement and benefits everyone.
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The North American Board of Certified Energy Practitioners (NABCEP) is releasing a survey to collect stakeholder input on updates to its existing PV Installation Professional Certification and development of new PV Specialty Credentials in Design, Installation, and Commissioning and Maintenance.
In May of 2016, NABCEP was awarded a $1.1 million cooperative agreement from the U.S. Department of Energy SunShot Initiative. As one of the DOE Solar Training and Education for Professionals (STEP) awardees, NABCEP has been updating and expanding upon its personnel certification programs to address the changing needs of solar professionals, their employers, and stakeholders.
Earlier this year, a committee of subject matter experts assembled to update the Job Task Analysis for the NABCEP PV Installation Professional Certification. While NABCEP updates examination questions on an ongoing basis, the foundational Job Task Analysis is revised through a comprehensive stakeholder input and industry validation process approximately every five years to ensure that the scope of the certification program remains relevant and in-line with current best practices. Now that the Job Task Analysis has been updated for PV Installation Professional, validation studies are being conducted which involve the survey of industry stakeholders, including practicing PV Installation Professionals. For the best results, survey participants should represent a range of experience and education levels, organizational settings, and geographical regions.
This committee also laid the groundwork for three new certifications for individuals who specialize in PV system design, installation, or commissioning and maintenance. The goal of these new programs is to define personnel standards for these growing sectors of the industry and fill a major gap in solar workforce standards. The certifications will be aligned with typical career paths that people take between entry level training and the many years of experience that are usually necessary to become a Certified PV Installation Professional. NABCEP hopes to launch these credentials in 2017.
This survey is a critical step in identifying and evaluating the knowledge necessary for competent performance as a PV Installation Professional or a specialist in the design, installation, or commissioning and maintenance of PV systems. Your feedback is critical for the development of a valid and fair examination for the PVIP and specialty program.
Please click the link below to participate in this survey. All responses must be collected by October 14, 2016.


If passed into law, the proposed Senate bill would allow cities, municipalities and barangays that receive royalty tax for the utilization of national wealth will be able to spend the hundreds of millions they annually receive or deposited in their banks for other priority infrastructure projects.
In Negros Oriental, the municipality of Valencia specifically barangays Puhagan, Malaunay and Caidiocan hosts 6 geothermal plants of the Energy Development Corporation and receive millions of pesos every year with hundreds of millions more accumulated in the banks.
Under Section 241 of the Local Government Code, only 20% of the royalty tax derived from the development and utilization of geothermal energy can be used for development projects while 80% will be used exclusively for lowering the cost of electricity.
But Senator Sonny Angara said that the restriction has not only limited the use of resources but may have led to non-priority projects aimed at lowering the cost of electricity if only to utilize the funds. By lifting the said proviso, the LGU will now be allowed, through its Council to have full control over how their share from the national wealth will be spent.
Barangays Puhagan and Malaunay, which host the geothermal plants of the Energy Development Corporation annually receive P 5.7 million and P 2 million, respectively. EDC earns billions for selling geothermal energy in the Visayas grid.
Both also have accumulated time deposits at P 211 million for Barangay Puhagan and P 80 million for Malaunay from royalty tax. On the other hand, Barangay Caidiocan receives P 700, 000 royalty tax.
Under the current law, the barangay is only allowed to use 20% of their royalty tax share while 80% will be utilized solely for lowering the cost of electricity in their localities. The barangay provide electric subsidies to their constituents as much P 3, 000.00 per month but they could not consume the allocation.
Since the barangays are prohibited from utilizing the royalty tax share to fund the construction of bridges, roads, government buildings and other benefits for their constituents the monies sitting at the bank.


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My Night in the Planetarium
by Innosanto Nagara
Seven-year-old Innosanto spends an exciting night with his mom sleeping under the stars in the Jakarta Planetarium. Innosanto's father is a playwright and the boy memorizes lines during the actors' rehearsals, so they invite him to join the performance, which tours the country. The play is about a General, who doesn't treat people very well, "so they decided to do a play about how that was wrong." Fact: Indonesia, aka The Spice Islands, is the place Christopher Columbus was looking for when he crashed in the New World. Fact: Indonesia is made up of 17000 islands where people speak over 750 different languages. Fact: when Inno was a child, speaking out against the government could land you in jail. On the last night of the performace Inno packs a toothbrush ("they figured if you're going to go to jail for a long time, you may as well have your toothbrush with you so you can keep your teeth clean. (true story)."), the curtains go down, and with soldiers on the way, the actors scatter into hiding. On its surface, My Night in the Planetarium is a modern Indonesian children's story about one night in the late '70s that the author Innosanto Nagara got to spend in the Jakarta planetarium. But it's actually much more than that. It's an introduction to the history and culture of Indonesia. It's about colonialism, revolution, how power corrupts, and how through art and solidarity liberation can be won.
My Night in the Planetarium Innosanto Nagara Innosanto Nagara
Radicalize the Kid's TableStand Up For What's Right!Global Kid LitThe Best of Innosanto Nagara
"A stirring tribute to the power of the arts to challenge injustice, recounted with the confidence of a practiced storyteller."
"In difficult times, stories are vital. They are tools we can use to fight against systemic oppression. Now, more than ever, we need to hear and tell empowering stories of resistance. We must share these stories with children, especially in classrooms, where group discussion can be encouraged and perspectives respectfully exchanged. My Night in the Planetarium could not have come to us at a better time; it is just the kind of story children need to hear. Right away."
– Rethinking Schools
"My Night in the Planetarium is a sweet, smart tribute to the author's father, to the radical power of art, and to the rich history of Indonesia. With gorgeous illustrations and an engaging narrative, this is art and resistance as seen through a child's eyes, and told by a fantastic storyteller."
– Kate Schatz, author of the New York Times bestseller Rad American Women A-Z and Rad Women Worldwide
"Can children be fascinated by dictatorship, persecution, the struggle against silence in a country very few people have heard about? This enchanting book proves that this sort of story, treated with delicacy and humor can—and should—reach a wide audience."
– Ariel Dorfman, playwright, novelist, and human rights activist. Author of Death and the Maiden, and many other works.
"This is an all-ages masterpiece. There are few people who are looking at children's lit through the anti-oppression lens. I was incredibly moved by this book on every possible level."
– Dan Zanes
"I loved this story so much, my God it is just like the reality we are living in, just like a mirror, it inspires and guides us to do what we need to do. This story makes us want to cry and scream out: it is enough, let us be brave and stop lying to ourselves, face the reality! It is a story that gives us hope and tells us not to hesitate and it teaches our children to always follow the truth even if it is sometimes difficult."
– Nabil Al-Raee, Artistic Director at The Freedom Theatre in Jenin refugee camp, Palestine
"Innosanto Nagara's beautifully illustrated My Night in the Planetarium is a delightful narrative about Indonesia: the fourth largest country, which we should all know more about. Told from the point of view of himself as a young boy, the story encourages children to be curious, engaged and courageous. What a wonderful lesson about history and people power, written and illustrated with great charm and wit."
– Medea Benjamin, co-founder Global Exchange and CODEPINK: Women For Peace
"Nagara's story shows how the politics of resistance can be interwoven with family survival and love. While a military dictatorship sounds and is scary and oppressive, from a seven-year-old's viewpoint, life still happens."
– Tracy Lai, International Examiner
blog — April 27
Three Cheers: Innosanto Nagara
Three Cheers is a recurring feature on the Seven Stories Blog, in which authors dish on three books or authors that helped to mold them over the course of their lives. Today we're featuring Innosanto Nagara, author of A is for Activist and many more, all available from Seven Stories.
There are of course many many more, and it's terrible to have to just pick three. But since three is what you ask for, here are my three cheers:
First cheer goes to the Indonesian dissident poet/playwright Ikranagara, who also happens to be my father. First cheer to him because, consciously or unconsciously, my understanding of what writing is, who can write, and why one would write, was first shaped by him. Growing up in a house where my parents and their friends discussed writing and philosophy, and seeing the impact they were having in the country, makes my father my most formative author influence.
Second cheer goes to Khalil Gibran, introduced to me by my mother when I was a child. His "On Children" in The Prophet, is a guiding philosophy for how I approach writing for children. That core idea, that 'your children are not your children, they are the sons and daughters of life's longing for itself" and that ultimately they will "live in the house of tomorrow, which you cannot visit, not even in your dreams," is why I think it's important to have the conversations I hope to spark with my books.
Third cheer is difficult. I want to credit writers like Keri Hulme (The Bone People) or Jerzy Kosinski (The Painted Bird), whose approaches to writing and style have been a great influence. Or maybe I should make sure everyone knows Ayu Utami, whose book Saman was the first of its kind for an Indonesian writer and blew my mind when I read it in 1998 right before the fall of Suharto. Saman undoubtedly contributed to the fall of Suharto. But since this is a space where I'm wearing my children's book author hat, and I only have one cheer left, I'm going to make a shout out to Shel Silverstein. Uncle Shelby's ABZ Book is not his most famous children's book, but it was one of his favorites, and mine. His respect for children's ability to appreciate complexity and context, in 1961, is always a reminder to me.
More on the blog
Children's book author and illustrator Innosanto Nagara's books encourage children to grow up with confidence in themselves, and to be proactive citizens who are passionate about causes from environmental issues to LGBTQ rights and civil rights. Born and raised in Indonesia, Inno moved to the US in 1988. After studying zoology and philosophy at UC Davis, Inno moved to the San Francisco Bay Area, working as a graphic designer for a range of social change organizations before founding the Design Action Collective, a worker-owned cooperative design studio. Inno lives in Oakland in a cohousing community with nine adults and eight kids.
Inno's first book, A is for Activist, started a movement in social justice book publishing for children. After it came Counting on Community, then My Night in the Planetarium and The Wedding Portrait. M is for Movement is the fifth title written and illustrated by Innosanto Nagara.
Inno's books stand in solidarity with people of all ages, races, gender identifications, and backgrounds. They suggest that your family isn't only yourself and your parents but also the community in which you live, the histories of those around you, and the natural environment on which we depend for our food and water and air. The ideas in Inno's books may sometimes sound controversial, but they speak to us in a language that is pure common sense and in tune with our natural wishes and inclinations as human beings.
More on Innosanto Nagara
Other books by Innosanto Nagara
by Mona Damluji and Innosanto Nagara
Little Activist Board Book Bundle
Oh, the Things We're For!
M is for Movement
The Wedding Portrait
Counting on Community
by Martha Gonzalez and Innosanto Nagara
A de activista
A is for Activist
We publish works of the imagination and political titles by voices of conscience under our primary imprint.
Our newest imprint is for the next generation: a new breed of skeptical young readers.
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